The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-07-15

| ERNIE H., ana none Oi us members can now
bc found in the old fortified camp beside the
Dnicper. The majority migrated to Tur-
! key, and their descendants are at present
! Fighting the battles Of Islam against their
| cOrclgiOnists. a part were stationed by the
| Russian Government along the Circassan
/ frontier, and their settlements are cncoun-
tered in II continuous line from the Black
sea 20 IN" Caspian. So, too the Cossacks Of
the Vulga were transferred to the rorck, but
those OF the Don and the Yak obidc in their
ancient seats 1t is the latter. and cspe-
cially the hardy rovcrs Of the stnppcs
watcrcd 10y the Don. whom Russian writer's
have in mind when they attack or defend
the immunitcs still enjoyed by a portion Of
the Cars subjects.
Tho bostcrous popular assemblies I'm
which the Don Cossacks formerly decided
all public affairs. have been abolished and
the custom OF choosing the Atamdn and
other olicc-bcarcrs has been replaced 10y
system OF promotion according To rules
elaborated at St Petersburg. This change,
according to MACKENZIE WALLACE, has de-
stroycd the social equality which was dis
tinctivc feature OF these communities. The
| officers and their families now compose
kind of hereditary arlstocracy, while the
common COssacks have como TO bc n species
Of mounted militia. Nevertheless the latter
possess large amount Of fertile land and
are wholly exempted from direct taxation,
in return for which privileges they are
obliged To equip themselves at their own cx-
| pcnsc, and 10 serve in or out Of the empire
ns the authorities may command. In time
Of peace the majority are allowed to remain
at home, turning out for "a short period only
during summer, but very large number
are constantly required for active service,
and are to hc met with at all points of the
border from Prussia to China SCHUYLER
tells Us that ia the Asiatic provinces their
services are invaluable, since they can live
and thrive ia conditions which would soon
disable regular troops Possessing in com
summatc degree the faculty Of sci-adarta-
ton characteristic Of the Russian people,
the Co>sack transported to some kirghiz or
Turcoman frontier al once becomes squat
ter builds his own house, raises crops of
grain, and lives as a coonist, without neg
lccl.ng the duties Of soldier Should he
need cattle he will steal them. either bc-
yund the border or in the region he il sup
posed to protect. Thus hc does his work at
small cost to the imperial cXchcquor, but
Ni''h't hi' li'7'N'' - 'N'''ii''' ~ '''N7i''t'
10y the local population IL OF course diiler-
cni question.
Formerly tho So'ninS, ms the troops OF
C"ssack horse were called, dissolved ht'r a
Few years service Tut nj present These
auNlilar's ar" distributed mo Siuadrons
ana regiments, whose iraincw"rk, AT all
events, l. permanent lie Don Cus-acks
alone supply IN time OF peace tweily-one
regiments OIL cavalry ana elght batteries oil
morse artillery when force Is increased on
war lv"tlhS l" siNiy-twp regiments ana
twenty-five batteries. Inc Coss'cK7 oi the
hoHhan, the lefek the OTal' ana I'VE oth'r
regions are similarly organized Inc
SNpp'e "l thc so"'n''s'' "hlch apouh' III
HORSES. mus "ilei a nursery oil nara ll''fT,
trained l" the saddle from Infancy ana wen
Hl''u To h"I"7s lhN"dcrs' OF 10 iila7N 'n' u'-
vance Oh h"s7lan army III 'n' o!" W MS
V"h"EyHsts' Ihe 'os'lch, NJ once poiu ana
cunning 'uRn'hcu anu frugal GOO"
nnrhSinail' ana Norll.'le co"''ur, l. inc
l'VAl ol mounted suI-lcr some RUSSIAN
military critics nave gone so ilr rs u au-
wise ."' SullicsS'on % d" "'"'I o"N"rE,
ana 'he employment 81 lh' sums lhu7 s"Ncu
ia I'Il''''"s 'h' ''-S"'h "iS"i'""''n H.
~ rth'i i'iN' L'h' 7'"''7 ''", ""''.' Wv
t""''"i "'"" 81 1''es"''' ,'"i'S' h"S9'' can
"'Hi'7' "a WV ""''''''N '''o"9,'"' - -,
or '"''u"'hE u'r 'eS'' Vs. W 'n'cr nN'''i' ~
'h'"9""" 'i"' - ~ d" VI Wv INV, """'''
Gus caviar! uH 'hc R"p'' i'r '""nN' ~
"S'tH.vS' N'Se p"''' ~ o"u' 80 - ON!
"'"'''''' III u','"7',' wa VI -, H9'"''V
co"'i"lE"s' Ni'n""Sn inc ou'N % 'N's aux
mar! l"''' II '"9' 'cA' SOM .,'"'s % '"'
'"u''s"s' h"sl''''' az "o'' a. III '9''"i'' al '