davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

FLoURIsHING A PISTOL IN A NBws-
PAPER OFFICE.-Gilbert Baugh, colored
a resident of Pleasant avenue, was charg
ed, yesterday, at the Central Station on
the charge Of having fourished a pistol in
the Office of the "Daily Advocate" a
newspaper published by colored men, at
407 South Sixth street. Stephen L. Mich
oils testified that the accused came into
the Office of the Advocate on Thursday
and asked about certain paragraph in
the paper which he understood had been
applied to him
The paragraph to which he referred
charged that colored man, who had
been appointed Deputy Sheriff, had ar
rested coloreL voter and intimated that
he had made himself quite conspicuous.
In answer to his inquiry he was told that
the paragraph did not name any one and
that no retractisn was needed. He at
length became excited, drew revolver
an0 fiourished it, putting 1t to the head
Of witness and threatened to shoot the
head of Nicholas of. A. G. Davis cor
roborated the first witness and the accu-
sed was held for trial.--Phila Ledger.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
Don't Forget It !"aassSsassa SAFELY Guard

worth all the burglar Alarms ever q
ented. Agents wanted everywhere. Sil
yer plated sample postpaid on receipt o
% cents. Address A. h. Singers, 4es Wa
st. Philadelphia. Pa. mRr3weon1y
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
y Miraculous Cure for COrns

~ Miraculous Cure for COrns
ish remedy OF great popularity for
g corns without pain.
Z. BRINGHURST & CO.,
Apothecaries.
Corner Sixth and Market Sts.
Pine Nail Scissor
bud Straight, Nail Brushes, Hand
Nail Files, Nail Brushes, etc, for
f. BR1NGHURST d CO.,
Corner Sixth and Market SITS.
For the Hath.
rushes, Bath Towels, Bath Sponges,
4 Soaps in extensive variety. Also
|oyes, Straps, Brushes, &C. of horse
y Friction Gloves, and many other
"a the same classes. MI
E. BRINGHURST & CO..
Corner Sixth and Market Sts.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
.,oI and tOns'''~r"i"''

wstoef cnl f%raishsSd als Snd " Mar r.
lnsonp ognp,Timington, 4 : Ti Del, at 1 p. NJ. TO-
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

Prevention excels cure every time
Always keep convenient DIR. Bulls
Cough Syrup; take it in time. and you
everywhere. Price, % cents bottle.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

MASQUERADE SUiTs.-Iu another
column will be found the advertise :
ment of Mrs. Henze, fancy costumsr.
at No. I18 Market street, stating that
she will have suits ut half price for
the coming masquerade. There is no
need CT sendiAg TO Philadelphia for a
costumer as the suits that she has on
hand. are equal to those that can be
found in aEy city ,,-.. i.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
RTIZANs SAVINGS BANK.
'O2 MARKET STREET,

w MAhhET STREET,
PoRATED JANUARY 23D, 1881.
receive deposits daily from Q A
+. M, and on Tuesday and Sat
enings from 7 to8 o'clock.
HI-ANNUAL DIVIDEND,
cent, has been regularly paid on
since the organization of the Rank
the expectation of the Managers
Fate or dividends will be Continued
dividends are not Withdrawn. thew
anted as deposits. Thus permanent
compound their interest twice in
MANAGERS.
y; Smyth, George W. Bush,
Rowland, George s. Capelle.
X. Benson, NJ. L. Lichensteir,
Dure, Edward Darlington.
2,n,Sen6erg, Job ii. jackson.
NJ Field, VIM. II. Swim.
Anthony Higgins.
GEO. W. BUSH, President
CAPELLE, Vice President
4 r. T. TAYLOR. Treasurer.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
FOR .sALEiAND RENT.

EOR RENT.-VILLA NEMUS-A man
Il sion barn, &C., and acres of land, at
9TH and Maryland Avenue-delightfu resi-
dence. JOSHUA MARIS.
feb23-tf.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

Il of 416 Market street, over the GAZETTE
Office. Possession on 25th of March, 1877 |;
now occupied by Messrs. Day & Mcleod
as a real estate and law Office. Apply at
this Office. jan22d&wtf
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

BURIED AT LAsT-Jo ohm Addison, was
finally after several postponements buried
by Mr.. Fox yesterday afternoon in Pot
ter's field.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

EOR SALE.-The good will, stock and
H fixtures of the Sorrel Horse Hotel, No
10i West Front street; apply to
HENRY BRADLEY,
ja31-tf Sorrel Horse Hotel.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

EOR SALE.-A Three-story Brick House
IL No III Monroe street, with Stable on
the rear of the lot. Apply on the premises.
feb19-Gt.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

nor RENT.-The residence OF the late
E Prof j. l.. Beggs, s. w. corner OF 9Th
tand French streets. Also, pianos, 1 organ
and the entire household furniture at pri-
vate sale, Must be sold by the 20th OF
March. Inquire on the premises. feb20-tf.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
PRACTICAL FARMER HOTEL.
WANTED.

VJTASHING AND IRONING DONE
w carefully at No. 416k Market street,
second story. Oi tIe.Y febi9- 81.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

TYPE FOR SALE,-Fonts 200 to 400 lbs
Il of second hand nonpareil type for sale,
would work very well on slow press with
damp paper. Price 20 cents per ID. Apply
at this Office. InovN-tf
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

NOR SALE OR RENT.-The old estab-
H lished Bakery, together with dwelling,
fixtures and stabling, at the n. w. corner OF
Fifth and Tatnall streets. Apply to
..L.r b.. .3f ROBERT TAYLOR,
ir6tf 10 sI 81. t. On the premises.
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24

NOR SALE.-Three building lots on
IL Jackson street, between 9Th and 7th.-
Five building lots on Fifth street near Van
Buren,, four on Front street near jackson,
and a lot q feet front on Delaware Avenue,
near Harrison. Apply at this office. mar4tf
The daily gazette., 1877-02-24
Hanging Made Easy
AT HOI1P,Si@-s

No. 22s MARKET ST., w11u1xaroN Dx,
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
CARD OF THANKS.

In behalf of the little orphan boys of st Mary's
Asylum the Sisters Naranites of Holy Cross having
charge thereof tender their grateful thanks to
the association of "CoNTR RABAND CHILDREN" "
who gave the representation of Saturday inst
the Varieties Theatre the benefit of said Asylum
MRS. Gen. Behan. who took. the good work under
her fostering the artists who made the soires
perfect success and the public of New Orleans who
came to the entertainment all have 9 special claim on
the gratitude of the little orphan boys and shall never
be forgotten by them.
The net profits of the evening as handed to the
Sisters by Mrs. Behan and Mrs. Bowman, Secretary
OF the Association was $3.50.
The dearest wish of the grseful orphan ever be
that their Heavenly Father may lavish His choicest
blessings upon Mrs. .Gea. Bshan. who SO zealously
abored for the success of the orphans upon
benevolent association of the "Contraband Children
and upon all the benefactors whose charity itself
felt in the shape of timely assistance preferred with
tr uly Christian decacy. mysOlt
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

The self-complacent contempt of the Chi nese
for the inventions and manufactures of out
side barbarians is gradually diminishing
through intercourse with foreigners. For in
stance, the Celestials have almost wholly
abandoned the old flint and steel apparatus for
lighting fires, and now import millions of boxes
OF lucifer matches. The old paper umbrellas
OF the country bave been almost superseded by
the European article, and the manufacture of
umbrellas has become an important business
at Canton. Clocks and watches and many
other articles of are largely imported
foreign needles aud thread are highly appreci-
ated; woolen socks and mitteDs are very gen.
orally worn, and kerosene and other mineral
oils have been introduced, with lamps suitable
for burning them. Thus, step by step, their
exclusiveness is giving way to better order
OF things, and by and by John Chinaman will
become different sort Of being.
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
Diocese of Natchez.
JUBILEE OF POPE Plus TX


The Rev. Pastors are directed to hold Tri-
dunn Of devotions, including the Benediction
of the Blessed Sacrament, wherever it is prac-
ticable, in preparation for Sunday, June 81,
the Fiftieth Anniversary of Our Holy Fathers
conservation as Bishop.
He has granted Plerary Indulgence for
that day, to be gained urder the usual condi-
tions of approaching the Sacraments devoutly,
and praying for the wants of the Church, ac-
cording to the intentions of the Sovereign
Pontif.
The faithful Of the diocese have already
proved their interest in this Jubilee, by their
VERY liberal contributions, and their long lists
oNnames. They will crown their manifesto
tioa of filial devotion by these prayers and
Holy Communions.
The prayers that have already been pre-
scribed to be offered, at Mass and Beuediction,
for the Pope and all who are suffering persecu.
tion for the Faith, will be continued till the
end of this current year.
By order of the Bishop:
NJ. F. GRIGNoN.
Matches, Mics May ID, 1877.
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
A CARD.
Nav ORLEANS, May 1a. 1s77.

Nav ORLEANS, May l2 1877.
d Wheelock, Esq, President N. o. Paciac Rail-
way Company.
.ht sir-I am a property owner and merchant of
NNSr and as such rejoice that at length our
vhoth". are to have the opportunity of deciding
or not an annual tax of fve m ills on the dollar
property, shall be levied and collected in
oi torn of four years, to aid in the constr
$40 au'pnent of the New Orleans Pacific Railway,
,~..ta our city with Northeastern Texas South
TLo,t.. tAAn'as and Shreveport, North Louisiana.
- SD0 ieVying and collection Of this tax not
sh.o,rt.,s y enentiy necessary and WISE but to be
ana give bread to our people and SO
~ snail by my vSte aud other needful SER
sless q called upOn do an in my psWer % obtain for
: y - - ssion ef my fslOWcltlzoas.
= aAtn tfriH, ed fs1nEgp
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

The Chaplain of Millbrook, London 8 lar 6 est
convict prison, says that the men whose condi-
tion is the most pitiable when they leave iail
are mercantile clerks, postoffce employees, etc.
In competition with the crowds of reputable
men eager for every employment, no matter
how small the remuneration, they have little
chsnce Of obtaining employment of the kind
to which they have been accustomed, and being
unused TO manual labor they find themselves
in q position which renders return to crime
an almost overwhelming temptation. Aud
yet they are the most hopeful and repeutant
class, and only dire necessity oompels them in
most cases to repeat their offences. What is
stil more against them, he says, is the fact
that. they have little to expect from their
friends. "The poor, it cannot be denied, are
far more ready to assist a fallen relative than
the more well-to-do members of society, and
in the present instance might cite q case in
which an application 1 myself addressed on
behalf Of discharged convict to his friends,
parsons of some position in society, was not
deemed worthy of even formal aoknowledg.
ment."
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
DURABLE DENTISTRY.

DR.. ]. n. MALoNEY. corner of Josephine and Camp
streets near Magazine Market respectfully informs hF
patients and the public in general that he
all operations to his profession in most
scientific manner. Artificial teeth inserted with or
" %itho1t esIrasting the roots ON new plan Old sets
Teeth extracted without pain by the use of gas or
chioroform. Charges within the reach Of all
ial4 n lr5p
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
GARD OF THANKS.

ST. JosEPHs ORPHAN AsYLUsr, May II. 1877.
The Sisters of St. Joeeph's Asylum desire to express
their grateful appreciation Of the kindness which the
members of the st. Georges Y. N. B. A. have again
bestowed upon helpless charge by donating to tho
Asylum the net proceeds of their given
at st Mary's Hall on Monday evening, the l4th inst
We also most cordially thank the ladies' in charge of
the refreshmen mt table and the other friends Of the
orphans for their liberal contributions the occasion
God will certainly reward the kind benefactors of
the poor and parentless little ones
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
GARD OF THANKS.

ST, MIcHAL's. New Orleans, May Is. lo77.
My heartfelt thanks hereby rendered to the
ladies who took charge OF tables the Fair and
to their asisCsnts to the contestants to all who
contributed to and lAbored for The kind
meas of the Crescent City Ice Company special
mention for having furnished ice free of charge during
the whole Fair. Also the Sherrod Shelton Minstr
gratefully remembered for their attractive per-
formances T. HESLIN
IT. Pastor of st. Michaes
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
IN MEMORIAM.

BLAESE-On Monday. May Is. at a quarter tn 10
clock. Marie Annie Baese daughter of Mrs Charles
Pothof and the late Mr. Il. Bless, aged eight years
The air of death breathes through our souls
The dead all round us lie;
By day and night the death bell tolls
Ard says Prepare 10 Gle
1 see the chids blight tresses wave
In the cold breath of clay.
The loSir g We loved the best,
Like music all is gore
And the wan moonlight bathes 10 rest
Her monumental stone.
But not when the death prayer is sid
Tne life OF life DEPARTS
The body in the grave is laid,
Its beauty in hearts
IND IN holy midnight voice sweet
Like fragrance fills the room
Ard happy ghost, with nolse feet
Comes brightni from the tomb.
We know who sends the vision bright
From whose dear side she cane!
We veil our eyes before thy light,
We bless our Saviour's namel
This frame of dust. this feeble breath,
Grim Fate may soon destroy;
We think Thee. and feel in death
deep and awful joy.
Dim is the light of vanished years
In the glory yet to come;
idle grief! o foolish tears
When Jesus calls home.
FRANK
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

The GOLDEN JUBILEE - From the great
Rouse Of BtnziGer brCs we have received little pam
phet containing directions and for the ceebra
ton of the holy Fathers Jubilee The Cardinal Arch.
bishop of New York approves of it as an excelIen
means of furtherirg among the faithf1l worthy and
ptous celebration of the Golden Jubilee of Our Holy
Father The price is sngle copy, cents; copies
sai 1000 copies SIS Sent free by mail receipt of
price, By Benzger Bros, New York
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
Morning Star and Catholic i'essenuer.
Hsw osIEASs, s1EnAT, MAY 20 ls17.
Archbishoprie Of New Orleans.

Official.
The church of st. Anthony of Padua having
been created psrookial church for the use o
Catholic Italians, the Pastor of said churct
alone has jurisdiction for this part of the
Catholic population. Consequently We forbid
under canonioal pains, the priests of the other
parishes to oficiate at marriages and funerals
of Catholic Italians, without an authoriz ltiou
from the Pastor of said church and, even
then, they are in justice bound to observe
that which is prescribed by the regulations of
the Diocese. N. j. PERcHE,
Archbishop ofNsw Orleans.
Neao Orleans, May 10th, 1877.
The undersigned, pastor of the Italians, in
view of the above letter of His Grace, the Most
Rev. Archbishop of New Orleans, announces to
all bis parishioners that benceforth he will
eh3eiate gratis at the funerals of those whose
fapss3ses are really poor, GA. MANoR1rrA,
- Pastor of the Italians.
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
DIED

MAL0NE-At 1890 o'clock Saturday morning,
May i9h 1877 Daniel Malone native of County Xii.
dare, Ireland, aged ~ years.
HALL ROBERT EMMET BRANCH, NO. 1.-THE
members Of this Branch hereby notified to
their Hail. to proceed the funeral brother
mber, Daniel Malone, which will take place this
Sunday morning. at 10 O'Clock from his late resdence
l5a Lafayette street
By orte or of the President:
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

BAZAAR FOR ST. PETERS CHURCH, NEW
1BEK1Aon the esb, goth 3Oth nstsa grand bazaar
will be opened in the fourlshing little town of New
Iberia for the benefit Of the parish church. Tho
agement of the affair in the hands of committee
composed of the best citizens of the place and the
ladies' as ever, have devoted much time labor and
money in preparation for the proper entertainment of
the many who will vsit the bazaar from the bor-
ing parishes.
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
MARRIED.

FriS1Eh-GAsTEL-on Tuesday, May 8, 1877. at
st. Mary's Church, Algiers, at a Nuptal Mass a. 0
o'clock, by Rev. Father Belangsr, assisted by Rev.
Fathers Batterer and Brady deacon and subdeacon
Louis Paster, of New Orleans and Mary A. Gastel of
Algiers.
Kvsnsvile Ind, and Williamsburg. N. Y, papers
please copy.
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
COLLEGE
IMMAC ULATE CONCEPTION,
Corner of Common and BaIonne streets
NEW oRLBANa.

This Literary Instituton Incorporated state O
Lonisisua, and empowered to confer degrees is con
Quoted by the Fathers of Society build
ingS are well adapted for educstional purposes 4
courtyard entirely off from the reserved tor
recreation that from the arrival Of the pupils at M
A. NJ till their departure at NJ they sre constantly
secluded and superintended.
The Course Instruction 10 threefold; PreDAratorv
Commercial and Classical.
The Preparatory Conrse is for beginners.
The Commercial Course s for those students who de-
not wish to learn Latin and Greek.
The Classical Course is for those who desire have
complete education.
French lie taught in the three courses.
Students are not admitted, unless they know how 10
read and write.
The moral and religious training 10 the
leading object of the instructors
Every month report is sent to parents stating con-
duot, progress, rank in class and attendance.
The academcal year begins the First Msnday
Of OcJoOor and oloses towards the end of July.
TERMS:
Entrance Fee e..
Collegiate Course, payable in advance and in Unitsa
States currency, two months &2O.
rny2T77iv REV. F. GAUTRELET Presdspt.
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

p F. CUKLEY, Secretary.
FITZPATRICK-On Saturday, May H. 1877 at
o'clock Patrick j. Fitzpatrick aged forty.three
years o naive Of the city of Waterford Ireland
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

FOR BARGAINS IN TRUNKS, BAGS.
VALISES AND SATCHELS
THE
Crescent Trunk Factory Depot,
36----.-.------ Magazine Street -.----...-. &c
Whors yOa wiz and . fun assortment Of home rnaAo
goods Of the best matorial Vt the LOWEST PHTCEG
n the oltR. Also. TruB6a BeDafap1 ard CdYeref
Cgantzy Orferr = ~ reae " pEeglpe nttanefen.
saga9Y =
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20

Ora'nary Notices Of Aaryages and Deaths toiu hereafter
oe'nserted for Hy cents. Obituaries ,ciR be CHARGED
atthe rate of ten cents a line
The morning star and Catholic messenger., 1877-05-20
SPECIAL NOTICES.

ST. MARY's CATHOLIC BOYS S'-AsYLUM-Nsw
Orleans May l2, 1s77.-The election for Directors of
the Asylum to serve the ensuing year. and adjourned
from Sunday, 9th of May inst , will be held at the
residence of His Grace Archbishop Perche the goth
inst from o'clock NJ. 10 o'clock P. N.
Byordsr of His Grace Archbishop Perche President.
myl3 ct THOS. LAYTON Secretary
THE SISTERS OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
have constantly on hand READY-MADE CLOTHING
FOR SALE. Plain and Embroidered Under.L Linen for
Ladiea Fine and Coarse Shirts Plain and Over
alls for Laboring Men and Mechanics. All substan-
TALLY made and at low prices nor rs Iy
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1877-06-22

In recent lecture in Edinburg on
"The Stars" Prof. Grant said that q
railway train, travelling day and
night fifty miles per hour, would reach
the moon in six months, the sun in
200 years, and Alpha Centauris, the
nearest Of the fixed stars, in 10000.
600 years; a cannon ball travelling
900 miles per hour, in 100000; and
light, travelling 5000 miles per Sec
ond, in three years. Light from some
of the telescope stars takes $500
years to reach the earth; from others
5000 years. These stars, there
fore, may have become extinct thou.
sands of years ago, though their light
comes to our eyes. Alpha Lyra is
loo, 100000 900 of miles from US, and
its magnitude and sblendor are as
twenty to one compared with our sun
The sun is neither greater nor smaller
than most Of the stars.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1877-06-22

ONLY three men responded to the
Governors call for volunteers. Moth
ing could have been expected from the
citizens of Idaho. The majority of them
have fought Indians, and are strongly
opposed to fighting them under militia
ry discipline. The only way to imme-
dlately muster a few hundred effective
volunteers is to call meetings and Or
ganize companies, and then let them
elect their own captains Men fight.
Ing IN this way are only under gener-
allnstructions as to the plans arranged,
and use Indian tactics, and fight from
brush, timber and rocks. This is the
only way to whip them, and as the out.
break promises to terminate in war
with several of our tribes, every town
should move at once and make prep
arations to forever rid the Territory of
the lawless red skins. They are well
acquainted with every mile of the
country. and can only be defeated by
parties led by experienced mountain
GERS who are equally acquainted with
it. 1t is not doing justice to our
and friends for us to stay
idle while they are being brutaIIy
slaughtered. All the arms should be
placed in the hands of men who are
willing to fight, and we think the Gov
ernor ought to send portion of the
arms to Yankee Fork and
Stanley Basin, which are threatened
There are about $50 people in that
section, and they are very poorly
armed.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1877-06-22
THE INDIAN WAR;
1000 INDIANS ON THE WAR
PATH.
Twenty-Five Whites Killed!
Col. Perry and His Command, with
100 Citizens from Mount Idaho
Defeated.

The following letter was received
by the Ldahoan Tuesday night. We
condense: Up to the 10th the follow
ing named persons were known to
have been killed: Dick Devine, H. Ell.
Tres, Il. Bland, FrenchFrank, G. Brown,
;. Benedict, j. J. Manuel, P. Price,
Ben Norton, Lew Day, J. Osborn, D..
Mason, j, Moore and one more, name
not known.
Reported fighting near Mt. Idaho,
on Camas Prairie. We got the first
report yesterday. A man rode to
Florence last night and back to-day
with the above report. Would to God
we had arms! Protect the Weiserl
Three Weiser Indians reported to be
ring leaders. Up to date no women
OF children have been killed.
The above news is from letter
from Hon. S. P. c. Howard. It was
brought through to Boise City by a
special messenger in three days.
Idaho semi-weekly world. [volume] (Idaho City, Idaho Territory) 1875-1908, 1877-06-22
THE VERY LATEST.
By THURSDAYS Mail.

SILVER CITY, June 2Oth.--Do not
know where old Winnemucca is now:
was at Thomas creek yesterday. Am
informed that there is a band of one
hundred Of his Indians camped be-
tween Camp Lyon and Trout creek
and band of twenty-five on or near
Cow creek. Considerable uneasiness
among settlers of Jordan valley, who
want to make an immediate attack
upon the band Of twenty-five. We
have tried to discourage such course.
If an outbreak should occur we
could not defend ourselves here for
the want of arms. Let the first act of
hostility come from them. Can we
get any arms from Boise?
&. NJ. HAYES,
Sheriff.
LEWISTON, June 1873 AM. D.
Monroe arrived from the Garrison at
2:30 o'clock this morning and tells US
that a third soldier had arrived at the
Garrison last evening from the fight,
and reported the troops on foot and
Col. Perry killed, as given above, and
the remainder surrounded.
Col, Perry lost GO men in the fight
at the mouth of White Bird canyon,
but was not killed, as first reported.
Fifteen hundred or two thousand
warriors can be brought into the field
in short time-embracing the non
treaty Nez Perez tribes, Ceur
D'Alenes, Spokanes, Flatheads Pa
I0uses and other scattered bands.
PORTLAND, June l9th.-A young
man has just arrived at Walla Walla
from Montana. He was detained sew.
eral days by Indians in the Ceur
D'Alene mountains, but escaped. He
reports the mountains full of Indians
who are working down this way. A
OF volunteers will start out
this evening.