New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1877-01-17
GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS.

CAN ExPEDTrIONs-ANNUAL MEEIiN" W I'M
AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.
The annual meeting of the American Geo-
graphical Society was held last evening III Chckohs
Hall, at Fifth-ave. and Eighteenthst' inc rev III
Henry W. Bellows presiding. The following Objects VI
the Society were chosen President Judge ChareS
DAILY; ce-Presidcnts, George w. Ctinil' franc's ~
Stout and Frederick A. Conkling Foreign Corresponus
Secretary Charles A. Joy Domestic Corresponding rec
r.tarv lanes w Bailey; Recording Secretary, Eal
F. Hall: Treasurer, George Cabot Ward; Couhchors'
William Remsen T. Bailey Meyers W. II. H. MOORE WI
liam f. Curtis Harlow NJ. HOy;, Roswell d. hitencooA
Isaac l. Hayes, Paul r. Du Chaillu William H. "orioh
J. Carson Brevoort, Levi p Morton, ana clarence hhS
Several new fellows and corresponding memoer "ere
also elected -,
The prmcipsl feature of the meeting Judge Days
review OF geographical work and progress during INC
last year. is long address listened to win close
attention throughout. Some Of the more important por
tons of the address given herewith
The geographical feature OF the past year mas oeeh ac
increased interest shown IN inc and
explorations which have taken place ana he @
which have been made put py te and Pornca by
large increase OF members in the leading socletes Oh
England France. and Italy and IN te ato
cOmpo cd Of prominent geographers AFRICAN VI &
aud the heads of the leading cS NJ
world to carry the work OF exploring ma cN,n n
the interior Of Africa upon systeuaiic pias. ,II
meut Of great interest, and which III all proDaoh'y VIII
lead to very importlnt results.
'' ArcHaoogca researches have during the past year
beon active and attended with interesting results r.
Woud who spent years In exploring the site OF INC
civ OF Ephes,s contendng with maranding brlgands
and working In pits end trenches almost constantly %
his Iabors The German psychologists. Drs Hirsche,d
We'll and Mr. B6tcher have been engaged durlng ,ne
year in making excavations at olympia, IN 1reees ,
which, beside clearing the ruins OF the leHpi S
ard ayng bare its marble pavement NAVE ,ea
10 the discovery OF numerous INSCRIPTIONS,
and other objects Of interest The site OF the celebrated
temple which for centuries was dLeary waste ns 1 ~,
in consequence Of these discoveries become Ieso ~,
tonrists Mr. L. T. d Cesnoa, who has been absent ior
three years continuing his researches i'll eusa
this cty He has discovered the side Of Kurnn, men;
toned by strlho, of which no trace eSitta iaehtgu
tie great temple OF Apollo, and DIS oversI te lteae
chambers of another unknown temple hied %ith IN
Vulnerable yoye offerings re sayT sn' those Of
the seven preceding years Dr. schlio'nanh
has followed mp las excavations upon @nat ,o me
unnn the site of Mykenr Mykeng il the most ancient
civ in Greece 1t Is identified with the poems OF Homer
and Dr. schliemanu supposes that he bas lond ,ic
tonbs ~ AcamennOn Clytcmnesra and Other HoIneric
pcrsonaces But whether he has or not, he has fonnd
and opened ombs which. from this cycloean strucure
belong 10 very early period OF Greek cvilization HIS
excavations which have been extensive disclose ,he
general topography OF this very ancient and wealthy
cit " the monumental and other remains OF when ne car
ries back to 200 b. c. the period to when te omeHc
nncrs are usually ascrlbed. =:
In the United states the Survey has made careful
soundmgs in the Gulf OF Mexico; the liydrogtaphc 81.
reau at assisted in correcting the charts OF the West
India sIards the survey of the lakes has been carried
on hy the United states Engineer Corps; Col Lndlows
re of his reconnaissance from Carol in Montana TO
the Yellowstone National Park has been published the
explorations Of Lieut. wheeler west OF ICON meildiah
have been Continued Lieut. Be.gland has completed the
rxqniratlon OF the Colorado River; Prof. Haydens ex-
pcditiOn and other work have Dech carried on
pcrf Powers expedition organized six fled
Under the direction OF the Smithsonian Institution JuSe
tho Indian tribes. both Of Western Oregon and Washing
ton Territory the Signal Service corps, under tie aule
J,r,.tinp Gen Albert J. Never IL making rapid ad
vances toward complete knoDc ige Of the conditions
and causes OF the American ciln1te IL mas nearly eo
places in North All rica which las ever been gathered
II" list includes several thousand proheS fepescntng
data il is making relief model Of Horth America on Il
large scale.
English expedt on the Alert and the Discovery under
Sir George Nare from the attempt to penetrate tLe Pole
graphical and scientific point OF view, the expedition
rs ago that to reach the Pole not the man object
in Arctic expedition; that that was mere Ee9Sraph
tsced but that the roal object Of such expedition
wac 10 explore the Arctic region lii every direction
ton in quarter OF the globe where it was
OF the highest interest, not only as respects
the pas, physical soTy OF and 5he o,ts en1 S
EDGE Of physical laws affecting Hs present condition
popar form OF The greatest practical importance This
object has been TO considerable degree advanced by
this English eapeditlon The Alert moi only attained tna
the sledge expedition under Commander ,larkham. the
fur;hc5 northern point attained by man. $50 20 26 "
lat but the expedition IN all unknown region dscoy
cred and traced Inc Of coast extending over nearly MY
degrees of longitude ascetned TO considerable extent
the OF the Polar Sea bordering this newly dscov
cred and collected large amount OF scientific III
formation in the examination Of both land and sea.
The rivers, coast and interior OF western Africa have
been explored by BaauTEer, Ifosot, Bonnat, Brazza
MaIcho, Duparquct, Lux aud others. The most import
ant event in Africa OF the year has been the crcumuay
CATION OF the Mwutan Nizge Albert Nyanzal by NJ. r.
Gcssl member Of Col Gordons organization. who est
r,..tnd ka IN hn mi N
breadth. Its banks were clothed with dense
forest the western side was mountainous, and the
the connection between this lake and the Nile
From united statements o, GoSs aud Col. 0ordon
very recently received II appears that the bite Mic -
naylgable the whole way from Duff The lake, dis
tance OF 164 miles About 20 miles south OF Duff the
Masungo ton the lake, the river Is nothing more than
part Of The Mwutan Nizige. This river expansion of
papyrus, which make the banks difficult OF approach
About 100 miles from Duff there IL large branch OF the
extending not northwest in The direction OF the
Mr. stanley after Exploring the and south western
shores OF Lake Ukcrewe Victoria Nyanza), started
CnyOra TO the Mwutan Nizge albert Nyanza). aud
reached that lake at POINT where deep guf (Beatrce
GulD, formed by promontory called unsongofa runs
FOR 80 miles in south-westerly direction In his
jOdTncy STANLEY mountain southeast u the Mwu-
tan Nzigc, which was reported tn be from $4,000 10
Il feet high. called GamboragaTe the peak OF
which snow IL frequently found The exact position Of
long and " 20 d" y. la. Stanley, when last heard
being proceed TO Viii toeKpore Lake lsnganyk and
then eudeavor TO strike north toward the Mwutan NLse
island OF New unea, which notwithstanding it, nag
ntude s iitiulDess, and position IN the great ocean
highway IN which II rs placed wac 80 years ago put
down IN the Biographies a terra nc0gnl, the
eooprupber Murray expressed it, viewed only by navi-
gators at distance" During tue last five years it has
been the OF active explorations by Beccara,
D'Aiberlis, M0resby, Rosenbers Maclay. tie Russian
explorer; Maccay, the English explorer Macfarlane.
Stone ana others