New-York tribune., 1877-10-12
DR. DRAPER ON EVOLUTION.
LECTURE BEFORE UNITARIANs.

BOOkS-HlS THEORf-RUDfNENIAkf ch"ANH'
The Unitarian Institute. an association OF minis
tersI Is In session at Springfield, Mass
Professor j. w. Draper Of New-York University,
having been invited to address them. delivered yes
terday a lecture on Evolution. The following Is an
abstract Of IL:
When consider tho shorusss Of the time allotted TO
me- the vast OF the subject the special character
the audience. and the nature OF your request per
eeve hat u elaborate exposition of the evidence
In favor OF the theory that must give, but
only ercnce facts connected with 1t that are
of chic, interest to you Two explanations have been
introduced for the assembage of organic be-
ines pau aud animal that surround These are con-
ycneny designated the hypothesis OF Creation anu
that OF Evolution.
The hypothesis OF Creation that Almighty God
called into sudden existence according 10 his good pleas
ure, the dc types OF life that TINS hypoth-
has ecclesiastical form That the world, with AL
its various nmas and plants created about 5000
years ago. The work completed In six days ana
WIS perfect needing Improvement. At the close OF
each day the Almighty surveyed what he had DONE and
pronounced 1t very good lie brought all the an mails
thus made before Adam in the garden OF Eien 10 receive
their names There nothing more necessary ana on
the seventh day he rested. The hypothesis ot ENoiu-
ton asserts that from one or few original
organisms all those that we see have been derived oJ
process Of evolution DEVELOPMENT 1t VIII not admit
that there has been any Intervention of the Divine
Power The former OF these hypotheses considers each
sders them inter related. Creation reposes on the
arbitrary act OF God Evolution The universal reign OF
law.
The hvpothesis of Evolution in It's scientific form pre-
sclts three factors ul Heredity (2) Environment 90
Adaptation. BY heredity meant the tencnoy Of our
organism develop in the likeness of Its progenitor
By environment. the sum total OF the physical eondi-
by which the developing organism is surrounded
the ambient world By adaptation. the disposition so to
modify % bring organism and its environInent
into HARMONY. rs NAV b. accom- hiShei eltner D) o.
grcsson retrce'ession. We may rtmrN mere, ula'
whether the beeiuning Of life on the gIohe oe heteoSe
eic or aboeeneuc need more cone 'ru Ourselves
tinted nom another or may one flame spontan. .ousy
ar.ef Between flames aud organism ucIc, Is tLe
closest aOg regards their orisn their me- 'heI
HISTORY or EVOLUTION.
After very lons and exhaustive survey Of the plants
and animals of his locality, and Of AL that the power
and ovor of Alex udcr the Great enabled TO inspect,
t l. the result TO watch Aristotle the prince Of ancient
Greek uaur isis came In The eighth book OF his Ills
tory Of Animals" when speaking OF tne chain OF living &
naye 10 animate thugs. nat from then continuity tue
boundary betwe,n is IndsncL' The race OF Wants sue
cer,s Immediately That of manimate objects; aud
these cin.r from each otAe. IN the proportion
pared with minerals. rlanls appear 70 p'S55ess
lie, thou-h, when compared win aulm"s ,neyy yy
at pelr uauluatc. Tuc cha from plants 10 animals
b. gradual; person might question 1" winch oi csc
lie primitive organisms 10 spontaneous generation"
In the museum Of Alexandra t"c views oi Ar'tyit
". rc greatly expanded. Iucre II was discovered tlut
animated nature presents some ihlns NOR tlan
mere connection; that cdcu INK on AilsloI
cuaiu, sucn 4 pha'e"usl must oe 'o,,'.,"'u' o'
was tie descendant oi iis pred, cessor the pIo-e.
tnr of is successor The idea now lost IL,
mechanical aspect and as,um physioiosicW one one.
We .cma.a an mro 'Ltt extension OF tuis vow dter
ratr Zoe oricr o. ah.iit0n in successive points u
obviou y presents nov iact-prnei ess-dnd Mt pro-
rect. Il- si included h.ecs, as well as uvi. z
i4iure practical app cation of % arose. to which the
1e.''l1.t'u Ariciuy Vas iycn There l. unce,s-
inc truer.. lu which all tu-s tax part !" uetei
ont uob.ei state IN nis slow drv.lopmrnt, na,ns las
no uD, o. .seu Size ras ttrn ty to WORK ln IDus h
t.r ulu,rl word, base ana unwoluy % mel'i1, su'r "s
lead aud n, are SLOWLY Oh Ih Wy 10 M
reach A,r goal on u,nins i.o eoi 10 Is lh ior rs
tosc.rtlu toe IuNorug conditions. and hy mitahS o.
lncre. sing DO .m. tu hasten ou tne WORK go
Ihe s.uiiu,poiut o Cr,Jeuoom in tine theory of Ev-
op.iz was tuc lubHc tou by Core,lcns %i NE on
"pc EcvoIdonibus Orbun Ccicstam' ln TINS, lhe
t,n VA, revived 1be way Tor the restoration hai bees
lrspsisn ~ SIGN ooo,S 1 as If f l, M iy,r ~. vs o.,
raun. u. of which is the htoaih "i God and whch
i,-maacs. sucn views wert ifseg prevalent M ltlIy'
at tltt iinr lhe I. Gus o in".el'3 ',v 'tu a. G KIr,
CA. had ugtu. Iui- Work was l'I9W'u d, ho'i,Is
GO discovery of tuo three laws that O,u
mach ch ncr thc 10 insisted on the Mosaic views
uud would tolerate uo u.turl science tuat did not ac-
f,l.tl power 10 shortly gathered Nswt1ns Prncilr
49, .,f.Iy publ>l.d Tie tao ercai powers iulo
& ,,,on Mas divide, led each other 90 cIrcs
The secttrau divisions fast sprns'g up lh ff"cst"h
is.i louud occupation n ther contentious with clc9
ot-e, Ih. , log which New toms Ook hal, consisted
chiefly this, gave iudsputohis reasons thai pl.is
Iloud.nce it substituted mechanical fore Ana ,aus
D. .HI /. f IN.
LtuIutiuu. s0iulY established
GERMS OF DARwfNISN.
In the works of Mulet (l74S) and again in
those OF Buou thc old doctrine OF Evolution rctpears
4 more ior.n,l pre-entneut was however made by
I1marek I'm Dis PmlOsOi ME ZoJlogiquc, IN lso9 lie
Advocated the doctrine OF descent and annoul ced e
prouo-itiou- now known as Darwiusu. Lanarrk recoS-
uized the struggle of each against all lie saw pinn'
tc influence Of hcredy, and understood the relation Of
c,,t,ut,,n nj afa adtptaou lie defined III the cIcdres
manner tpe doctrine OF trlnsmutatOn and theory OF dc
scent According 10 hm II time enough be allowed, any
modification may take place sOfar from meeting with ac
crtauce tle idea oi LimaVk brought upon him rdi
oue aud 0b.Oquy. lie W, 81, inuch Ih us H
times tIc Arabian native pho5Dphes idi o'Cn
TIE .cat influence of CuNicr. VINO nan m'de uuistH
champion of the doctrine OF pcrnduchcc oi species
caused Llmarcks views 10 De silently lgnOfed, or d!
chlute referred 10, denounced. lucN "tit
,o..,l,t.ed mo rcpreheisblc, and ticuO-cJuy
dangerous In tHs the authority OF CuNlcI III regard
F,.,lu. ioJ. ac..d au. .hOutt Of Newton
OF hgat Iu like manner the views OF Ok.n
met with resistance. especially ms oeduct,oh that
creation. Mau, slguln'ht say u o,e ucN .loc"'
NOT created. lie conc ~ Il al nature 10 he IN process
oi Evolution His demonstration that he Doh's OF 'he
only NcrCU4u moth!catuli,, however Icc,l
ritrd MANY PERSONS favorable opinion uI hls
ltuntLr.is development Ge0u.ty 81 II ialic tlo-oJ
cfd not duubt ANIMALS now Nhg are dcscFhtu Ol
an uuDrlk succession extinct ones, by transform
Atom fr,m form fum, thtl dnctut species gre u1-
generations Ol the same type beuH que 10 nt huuehce
tne on; orent of Cuvici, aud Uid very much 10 UeaA
down inc lIhucuoe 0i t.at zUulJAisL
uuuh the principles OF Che doc rine OF EYolulnu were
this thoroughly undrrsloO-thc control o derey' the
influence Of cuVtruiu ut the mooclIhs Dl 3i1 ''lTn
public attention failed 10 be drawn 10 ID uuIi ~ Wnvu
there Was published m England ~ lnlus DoDk uh
der lie ue uf Ne-tiges O tIe Natural History 0 Crci-
ton" In thls the author sci forth LaarcAs views ana
10 vsor. being clearly and attr4ctycy composed,
"a ftf ma a.