, 1877-05-04

potes tt coast defense.
Jar form having the sane weight Of hn,i have i.
Formidable belt 81 srnor n'asing ths decSs wIth t
Gtnor .n1 M r ,ong ad
cordance win the principles Of modern naYai i eon
strse.ion, tae maximum Of e.fety. fot Jolh I ship
that ye.sc1 can thus % built which. drawing . .
1ms n.t D. &aspsh Of raiet has tho greatest d.psee
hs KIT IL . Ss:sss . L s.
circular vessel p representative Of tho highest
Development q tie principle which il carried out
naval vessels Ia order 10 obtain hardncss Of man
ssement ana reduction OF weight and broalcn-
The vlse. Admiral ropo9 has m extreme diam.
sa stst 9f ls9 TT. shs draws having III weight On
sfs :f: II .,s Ill., .ss h r.; ss ss
displacement Ii ., $50 tons. Tho foru Of tho mid.
sn o: Y fsei na o. ny y, F9ae. ,ba fo
dst snd pafsilel pa - to tho load watefiine lshas
tlons are curved, ascending In tho form Of quad
r. r. e. o. ssee' Te1s s q ate tho depth
ms. I'd sas.4, xa s Gst~s;s
The ~. in,e!ior Il dyiaea into .lr watertlyht
Of the vctscI IL worked In two th1cknes.e%s % escis
Of A-i1ch next to which T. \ backing Of hollow
sene T. ds e h9 1a sss ~ s1a
plating, extends loot lnehes abose and 1 feet .
llshtt below the load watef.l!ae. Il ts applied In
@ ssns.ss e snx psess SstTfsR nebcs
IA thickness throughout The asmorcd belt, the OUT
etrcak: and inches In thickness in TIC lowses.
IN ano , shps bottom Is sheathco with wood md cop-
The isan1s Of the upper deck run radial1y, aud
es p he p:otsston ts IS aeek P!ssst inches
the guns. IL in tho centrb CT the shtp III feet In
diameter ;s md feet IL hc!nht The composi!on Of
oesd s5 Af ,et sass o i ..s4Iss :.s,
i4s armof pia.Ias inches th{eine.s:
lowing aeeurato training nd giving an al around
Rn. s1ing PS'niis sssiis vech ro
l,ng ~ Ruasian pounds, and nsinK elurgc Of 100
o. sss m s,' ,m9n1te1 on plat
Ecther when It IL desired to point both guns At ti
SANG time ou common nbJcet. a hollow cyllr.
hydraulic pipes. forms tho axis around which each
q the platforms carrying gun and carE!1go rotate
the cover Of tho bsesstwork. Tho powJcf. shot.
a'io shell asc passed from below into the breast.
which the platforms rotate.
THE 6uN CARRiA0KB AID GUNS.
AZ H. I'm esfEases aTt especially aere:taR and
pefs1 asssn navy Ths bs:s eseh az eas,.Rs
sSnsi.ts Of .rc parallel asor Paes A. ineae: N
tn'ekness Haleh correspond to the sldcs OF orduA-
son nd bottom passs IL rest enas Ss
and , 9 ae exterlo; se;o .he parallel plate. arc
ena: massive horizontal sasfs artsi
by The patet through which II passes. On tho
H. ooss as ss a''sa s1,y Fok1s es
in beain9, .nd the t;qsaiens of tho Rans, theras
ievers, describe arcs Of circles In vcrtcie naue
aaa earry the Ran With them frosn Tho loading ii
q On ese se esss T. Ths gs
plnngefs of tho two hydraulic cylinders sbo7o
spokca Of by mean. et two hesvy connecting rods.
kcycA Into the aodlta Of tho levers In such poal.
t!on that ihs eFank.ptn desertbcs an arc equal In
e u aeSs e o.s panef e. ise x Ts pds IT,
slo9- The lower ends Of tho connecting rods nbut
neseps q sS Ra1si cn rnsn
inders arc n1c.i In inclined pos,tton coinctdlns
wita the nesn pp,i,!on of the connecting rods. hs
hs ea!iisss. Wien the pans:ss pnn ssl. alS
an the oetns e7cs. I'D !. ,1s brnn s6s wn sG
tho df!as posilion. s 'ANS
,,i.1' T. ewsi!px % epo to the loading po.lto II.
s;ssfa i.a,s sps s 'sess!s3 g ras
loading 10 she asing poation and 1ice vcsa. u Tho
@ tss 81 ~ o sse sS ,se .ie
j6!nted 70 tsuanlons axcd to tbs rear end % Of the
Gun anl thelr l0wsr ends to studs or two sets Of
ths outer faces Of tho a!dcs of the carriage Each
H. q s'esastng geaf const.. q screw and nu.
10 which the lover end Of Tho radus baT II adiast
rd 40 hat when the screw ts turned thu nut travels
The pair Of screws fur c1uyntfng each cun aro
wo!sed By worm Wheels and tangent rcrows, tho
latter keyed inso ashatt common 10 10th clcyAt.
Tic eecyat[Hg scrcws NO paccl OF, tho carraro
tIdcs taat when tbs, gun il in the nrtns nosltIon
lars, iola.td to Tho lower nuts, Elves ncarly
the ranlG amount Of motion u tho upper enIa
ot shs ele,sting. .roa.. lonted 10 the bfeeeh. aud
lower tns ef tho docs ea not cause u. any
fest. a,o,lonlcss On tho buf1er. Tho ajtcra;ons n,
elevation, nryerthe1css, can bc nalg just a. wrl
dra posoa These sndas Sats Afa hayv anothse an te
in1inrt*nt a.o-nancly. that Of controlling iao
ao.lSn Of Tue gun oa H. Pash oat, 70 cause IL
raised Into tlu ariay position. rho Two Hydraulic
so .osb IL rsco rhSse arc @ Sn
tosete " !arge and strong p!pc, aud act aln,ul-
Ihs runs arc worked By water. nndera pressure
ot ahont forty a!aosphercs, supplied by : stnail
Andersuas patent pump, and st1rel In 4 small &C.
gun, water aows from IN accumulstor to tho cylIn.
sstth IT, .hh'Gax @ ~ p'pa wh.ch passes ~
under tho carrlnee, joints the plps conncctnx thp
cylinder; =; or this pps 'ass 4 !ntrelassd BY
pleasnrc 70 Tho cYlinden. rhe area Of tho pfunser
T. ,aea ihat ths watef. under the above psc.sure.
fsouh !ts loa4uE 10 IL nring position.
n M tho oring position tho levers carrying tho gun
cal position, 20 thAt the gun .bJ !t4 weight ha4
tendency TO return 10 tho loading position; there
fore In lowering the gun without nring Il IL only
necessary TO moro thu salye on tho pressufu- pIpo
10 that u will close communication with tho
aceurnuIator anu Ut tue same sl,ne open q free eH-
cape for the water from tbs ayliudurs, which will
hermit tho return Of the puugsr. and allow the
run to dcaccnd to its loading position.
l3ut when tho recaIl Of ths gun has to 10 taken
up lAe wateF ffom Tho cylinders escapes by tho
middle Of tho large plpe connecting the presses
through a. large coek, rho waterway Of which il
diminished automatically aud gradually ~ The gun
descenls under the Influence ot tho recoll 1nd
gsAyity.
Desl1es the cock th> Escape IL further contracted
by loaded yatye, arranged that duEin. the lifk.
lug Of tho gua 10 tho nfaAg position ao water can
escape. -
Tim .ynter driven ant af tha rx1ipd.r. hr ra~c51