The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1877-12-27

nut trees were felled to supply single u
Inropean mandatory OF gun-stOcks o.
or the American market. .
Marsh in his work, ''Man and Ma 9 8
;ure." says: d
1.-THE consumption Of wood for r
Incifer matches alone is enormous. | Il
nave heard of several instances where y
of acres of fine forests have .
been purchased and felled. solely to r
supply timber for this purpose.
Rentzsch says, (page 6o:)
..The demaud for wood for chill
dren's toys is incredibly large. The
renorts from the town of Sonneburg
alone amounted in 1853 to sixty thou
sand centner or three thousand tons
weight
Bigelow, (Des Etats Unis en- 1882.
439. y estimates that in 1851 the Amer
lean railroads required ninety-seven
millions two hundred thousand ties.
Says Marsh:
.sEniiehtened individuals in most
European States, ] governments III
others, have made very extensive
plantations, and France has now set
herself energetically to work to re-
store the wood in the southern PROV
inces. and thereby to prevent the
utter depopulation and waste with
which that fertile soil and delicious
climate has been threatened.
Says the same author:
s.Tne planting OF the mountains
will diminish the frequency and Vlo-
lence of river foundations. prevent
the formation of torrents, mitigate
the extremes of atmospheric temper
allure, humidity, and precipltatlon;
restore dried up springs, rivulets, ana
sources of irrigation, shelter the nelus
from chilling and parching WINDS
prevent the spread OF mlasmatlc anu
via. and, finally, furnish an lnexhaus1-
ible aud self-renewing supply Oh d
material indispensable to SO many
purposes Of domestic comfort, TO Inc
successful exercise OF every art OIL
neace and every destructive energy OF
war.
..The insects most injurious TO rural
industry do not multiply IN or near
! the woods. The locust which raw
aces the East with its vOraclouS
! armies is bred in vast open plains
which admit the full heat of the sun
TO hasten the Matching OF the eggs,
, Gather no moisture to destroy them
! and harbor no birds to feed upon the
$ larvae. 1t is only since the telling Oh
, the forests of Asia Minor and Cyrene,
that the locust has become so feartully
, destructive in those countries; ana
/ the grasshopper, which now threatens
e to he almost as great pest TO the
+ agriculture of North American SOILS.
| breeds in seriously injurious numbers
+. onlv where a wide extent OF surface
: is bare Of woods.
+ NV own State has on several Occa
f sions suffered frona the in-roads o.
4 GREAT armies of these insects from the
Y treeless plains west of us; while they
n have on a still larger scale repeatedly
r desolated Kansas and Texas. Inls
# evil results from the fact that the
l. exact balance between amman an'
e vegetable life is not preserved III con
10 sequence Of the absence OF forests.
e. TO supply the extraordinary, de
ID mand for Italian iron occasloned D.
,e the exclusion of English iron IN tn
time of Napoleon l, the furnaces
W the valley of Bergamo were stimu
ii lated to great activity.
s. "The ordinary production OF cnal
al coal not sufficing to feed the furnace
TO and the FORCES, the woods were felleo
IS. the copses cut before their time. an
the whole economy of the forest wa
of deranped, At PiazZatorre there wa
lis such a devastation of the woods, an
ST consenuently such an increased seve
nd ity of climate that maize no longt
IT. rinened. An association formed ft
nd the purpose, effected the restoratlo
ID of the forest and maize hOur1snt
lst again in the fields of Piazzatorre. :
he Report bv-G. Rosa, IN II Potitecnic
ns- December. 1851, p. Ola.
ill Says Dressard =,
nd Under the reign of Augustus, u
ZEN forests which protected the Ceyenn
cts were felled or destroyed by tire
ch mass. A vast country, before cover,
with impenetrable woOds-powerf
or obstacles to the movement and ev'
to 70 the formation of hurricanes-w
id suddenly denuded, swept bar
ne, stripped, and soon after scoare
rse hitherto unknown, the mistrnl
len northwest wind, struck terror1ov
TALL the land from Ayignon to the Bo
EN- ches Du Rhone. then to Marselll'
it'll and then directed its ravages ov
of the whole maratine frontier. L
ght people thought this wind curse sc
ich bv God They raised affairs to 1t, a
no offered sacrifices to appease its rage
ten Saws Marsh:
iveI Under the consulate OF Napolet
nv the clearings ha, eXerted so inlurlf
sid an effect upon the climate. that
ich cultivation of the olive had retreat
several leagues. and since the whit
de- of 1890 and 1886 this branch OF ru
ere Industry has been abandoned IN
sti- great number of localities. wh'
EN- # was advantageously pursued befo
@ it The orange now tlourlshes only at
5 of few sheltered points of the coast, 9
if is threatened even at Hyeres, wh
d." the elearings the hills near the to
has proved very preiudiclal to I
ton valuable tree.
yer. The influence Of forests has Il
has been recognized.
lder ssDet rolde Strog Arika,
- IA ri n 81 nor