Union County courier. [volume] (Elk Point, Union County, D.T. [S.D.]) 187?-1913, 1877-12-19

| per CENT Inc pI0CtIcal. IMpOrbAucc u
this discovery is at once apparent; il
develops the fact that while sixteen
ounces of mornings milk will yield but
one-half an ounce Of butter, about dou
bic the quantity can be obtained from
the evenings milk. The caaein is als(
increased in the evenings milk from two
and q quarter to two and three-quarters
per cent, but the albumen is diminished
from 44-100 per cent. to 3l-10O per cent
Sugar is less abundant at midnight (foul
and quarter per cent? The percentage
of the salt undergoes almost no change at
any time of the day.-Cdnada Globe.
scabby Legs In Poultry.
The unsightIy disease which affects the
legs of fowls, causing them to swell and
become distorted, is due to a mite, a
small insect which is similar in appear.
ance to that which causes scab in sheep.
It is roundish-oval, and scmi-transparent,
about one eight-hundredth of an inch in
length, appearing, when magnifed 400
diameters, about half an inch long. II
the scales from the leg of a diseased
tOWl 0lV OLAC0tAA eAbC uACLO6CORC, u Huul-
Der Of these mites may be found between
them. Beneath the scales there are
spongy, scabby growth, in which the
eggs and pupe Of the mites are to be seen
in great numbers. The pupa are very
similar in shape to the mature mites,
but are very much smaller, appearing
when viewed with the above mentioned
power about one-tenth Of an inch in
length. The disease being of a similar
character to the scab in sheep, or the
mango in dogs and cattle, it may be
cured by the same treatment. We have
cured fowls of the disease, before accu-
rately known the cause, by applying to
the legs q mixture of lard with One-twen-
tieth part of carbolic acid. This should
be applied with astiffbrush, such as one of
those sold with bottles of mucilage. A
very small painters sash-tool would an
swer, but something must be used by
which the medicated grease can be ap-
piled thorough to the crevices between
the scales. A mixture Of equal parts of
lard, or sweet oil. and kerosene will be
equally as effective as the carbolic acid
mixture. 1t is probable that lard or oil
alone would be effective, but kerosene
more easily penetrates between the
scales. and carbolic acid is sure death to
the parasites. The remedy being 80 SIM
pie, it will be inexcusable if this disa-
greeable affection is suffered to remain in
q flock; but while one fowl is troubled
with it, it will certainly spread, as the
mites will burrow beneath the scales of
other fowls. If precautions were gen.
orally used, parasites could o be ex.
terminated. 1t should be made a dis
qualification at poultry shows for fowls
to be affected with scabby legs or feet in
any degree whatever, for we know that
several poultry yards are not free from
this disease, and whenever affected fowls
are sent out, disease goes with them
AMERICAN agricultural.
The Codlins Moth.
This insect is the most formidable enc
my of the apple, and the loss from its
ravages amount yearly to millions of
dollars 1t has for a long time eluded
the efforts of orchardist, or most of the
remedies have been imperfect and unsuc-
cessful. Every season, however, throws
additional light on the subject, and tits
probable that in a few years intelligent
fruit growers generally will know what
to do to save their fruit. The two lead
ing remedies in their hand at present are
the use of the paper-band trap and the
free range OF swine and sheep under the
trees. The former are more particularly
adapted to the younger and smooth
barked trees in the smaller orchards the
latter to larger orchards, after the bark
becomes rough and ont Of the way of in
jury from the sheep. In some instances
the two combined have rendered useful
service.
The easiest way to use the paper bands
Is first to procure q quantity of cheap
wrapping paper, and fold it a few
times into q band about five inches wide.
and then to tie this with q cord around
the tree at the middle of the D In.
sects coming down from above will hide
under the loose paper above the cord,
and those coming up from below will re.
sort to the lower part. The usual mode
of destroying the insects under these
bands is to remove the bands, crush the
Insects, and then replace them-perform.
ing this operation every ten days. An
easier and more expeditions mode Is to
provide a soft-wood mallet, made nearly
or about C enough to fit the aver.
age size OF the trees, and to pound gently
with this On the outside of the paper, II
requires some practice to learn to do THU
work effectively.
Sheep and swine have been employed
occasionally for the destruction Of the
insects, but the success has been quite
imperfect in most instances, because thu
remedy has not been thorough and con
tinued. There are two important req.
uisites for success, namely: l. To hav,
animals enough to keep the fallen and in
tested young fruit promptly and thor
oughly cleared away as fast az it appears
For orchards of much size, the numbe.
OF swine usually kept is quite insult
Client, and when sheep have been turnet
in they have not remained long enough
As a general rule there should be on
sheep to two apple trees, or q correspond
ing number of swine, varying with thei
size. These animals should be kept con
stantly in the orchard from the time tn
trees are in blossom till near the end o
summer. An occasional turning in vii
be of little use. 2. They must be KEEP
in continuously year after year. A sin
gle years operations will not be a fai
test, As an orchard once infested canno
be cleared in year. If the trees ar
young and the bark smooth, the trunk
may require protection from the sheep
there is little or no danger during tn
summer season Of their attacking old an
rough bark; we have never known theI
to do it.
There is another reason why the tn
sheep remedy should be more especial
employed in the older orchards. Whe
the trees are young they must be kep
cultivated, and there il then less grain
for the sheep. When older, their shad
and the depth Of tho roots render cult
vation leM easential, q the close grains
tho droppings Of the sheep, and a model
ate top-dressing Of manure once in tw
years, IL the orchard il naturally rich
will be SUN cient to keep the trees in viz
or0us condition. Where this thoroueI
treatment has been we'll kept up va