davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01

BELLS TELEPHONE.


Professor Bell oil Boston, has perfected an appara.
tus by which not only the sound OF musical notes
reproduced out also that oil tho human voice. words
spoken IN ordinary conversation He appears TO have
been studying the subject Of telephony the
~ Professor Gray both gentlemen arriving
same time But Bells success regard to the repro.
durtoh OF the sound OF the human has been very
marked. taxing the Invention OF Reiss u starting
point he has constructed an apparatus which, when
attached TO the RECEIVING end OF the telegraph wire,
enables any person IN the apartment TO hear wor.s
distinctly which arc spoken az the other end OF the
line The above diagram viii convey an idea OF how
opposite electro magnet similar in form ana
arrangement 10 that already described. Across the
mouth OF the lube u diaphragm or membrane Is
strained, TO which ID attached light magnetizcd bar
OF STEEL which almost touches the ends OF the
magnet battery actuatcs the magnet and supplies
tho electric fluid 10 the line. One pole 10 to Rrouni
while tne oiher TO tho line. Al the receiving end
a single helix with un external soft iron and
a loose nltng soft iron When words
arc spoken into the tube AT the sending end the mag
net on the membrane vibratcs with II and induces
magnoto-clcctric pusatons IN the magnet opposite.
These are transmitted over the line and reproduce vi.
brations 10 the loose d. SIX Of The
az the receiving end which give out the sounds they
are caused III the sending end. The receiving insiru
mcnt, when properly mounted on u rcsonutor gives
out an Increased sound and the whole Is justly re-
garded rs one OF the wonders OF our age
as these marvcs U; electrical science and skill
only IN their infancy yet Il Is not much 10
pect that when perfected as they cortain 10 20
within little time, tho whole art OF tecgraphy VIII
be revoiutlonzcd through their influence Every
day that passes only 10 prove how truo
are Hamiets words TO his faithful iriend:--
There things in heaven and EARTH Horatio,
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
NEW YORK HERALD SUNDAY APRIL 1s77-QUNTUPLE SHEET

high level for that purpose. The raising OF the
Is an expenditure OF power which produces effect
ths work proposed TO be performed, but Il gives the
water y power which Is known in mechanics as the
energy Of positon-that Is, It's position when raised
represents force that may be employed for the pur-
pose 10 be served Just In tho way tho develop
inent Of electricity from Its condition OF atency into
one OF dynamic force converts IL from passive
active and employabc force, and gives energy OF
condition which can DO nsod IN IT'S liberation Is de-
scending water a. motor There various ways OF
developing electricity. Heat friction and chemical
decomposition are, however, the most frequently
ployed and represent The chief modes OF development
Tux POSITIVE AND SEGATIvx YLuIDH
In It's latent condition electricity Is OF kind, but
when developed by any OF tho above referred
II decomposes into positive and negative conditions
which are mutually rcpeant at the point or place OF
development but ever seeking decomposition away
outside OF II. The properties OF electricity when so
decomposed still form the subject OF the closest
tgation but enough IS known regarding them 10 adj
init OF their employment as agents for tho application
oil the subtle fluid for many purposes Without entering
into philosophical discussion Of these which would
be iDadmissibe within tho limited space devoted 10
this article mention OF some OF the most important
is necessary for proper understanding OF tho subject
treated Of
LINE OF THE ELEcTR0DE.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01

rntus which performs important function. and
which Is really the foundation which the now ccle-
brated telephone depends for It's operation IL IS the
magnetic col, the portion OF the receiver winch
bears The Same relation TO that instrument as
the heart does TO the body. This coil Is SIM
ply a CONTINUATION Of tho line wire carefully
insulated with silk gutta pcrcha, which -
coied layer above layer around bobbn or reel, which
cncloses piece OF soil iron. Between this iron ana
the sounding lever OF the receiver the break IN the
continuity OF the telegraph wire Is TO be found Now,
this break closed In tho sending office by the pressure
OF tho operators finger key which closes the cir
CUT but IN the receiving Office this Is not done Tno
instrument automatically opens and closes this break.
and in doing causes the sounding or tho printing
lever 10 rise aud fall whom necessary. making either
sharp Click or printing sign on paper riuoon pre-
pared TO receive H. At tho end or tho sounding lever
W Is only necessary 10 describe for such An Instrument
- what Is called an armature OF metal which " sus-
pended over the coil When the current OF electricity
passes through the cooled wire and around
tho soft iron tho latter becomes at oncc
inagnctzcd and attracts tho armaturc above re-
ferred to- and thus closes the circuit with Click.
But within the traction oil second tho sending opcr
ator Will have released his key again. cutting OIL mo
electric how. which, at the Same moment ceases 70
Affect tho coil, the soft iron becomes at once
demagnetized ana the armature drops away IRON u
instant during another How of electricity along the
ings and closngs OF the tho senunR oucc,
corresponding sorcs OF openings and closngs accom-
panied by either sound printing OF iettcrs takes
place at the receiving Office and thus messages arc
telegraphcd between the most distant points
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
LINE
MAIN BATTERY

Now, II conductors or electrodes as they are SCI
entiacally termed, attached to the ends OF the
charged rod or battery, the ends OF these wires will
become, In turn charged with electricity OF opposite
kinds but II these ends brought together
touch, the positive fluid OF the unites with
tho negative fluid OF the other. both accomplishing into
their original condition OF latent electricity again and
nseparabe, unless the process OF development is again
rcsorted TO- IL Is In this passage from decomposition
to decomposition that electricity becomes comfortable
and empoyablo by science.
THE QUANTITY AND TENSION ELRCTRICITY.
These are totally different properties OF tho fluid
The first IL accordance with the surface OF tho
body which u Is dsvelopedbe glass plates, by
friction, the metallic plates OF tho battery where
chemical action and heat produce it. Tho larger he
surface exposed the larger the quantity OF cleo
tricity developed. But while tho quantity may be
great the tension may DO feeble. Nv tension -
meant the energy Of the effort escape the body
which the electricity has accumulated Tension In
creascs with tho rapidty OF development by the
tivty OF the that produce IT, Thus rapid fric-
ton will both develop large quantity OF electricity
large glass plate aud also increase the tension tho
electricity developed BE-, while tha same energetic
plate electric tension will be increased consider
ably In like by the regular batteries the
Der Of cups Will givo electrical quantity without pro.
poronate tension unless the chemical action OF tho
acids the metals IS stimulated to high degree and
q rapid combustion Of the zinc takes place.
CONDUCTORS AND SoS.coSDUcroKA
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
COMMENTS IN THIS cry.

Tho sensation OF the day Yesterday was tho an.
nounccmcnt by cable that ex-Mayor Hall had been
Identified by the agent OF the Press IN Liver
poo! upon tho arrival OF tho Victoria, and that in
"w. 4. Subtle, OF Quebec" tho missing man
had been a, last positively recognized.
THIS result was accurately forcshadowcd in n promi-
ncnt article IN the HERALD OF yesterday. Had IL not
been Tor this the announcements Dv caDc would have
created greater sensation than II did Tor even
yesterday leading city contemporary contained an
editorial proving concusively that Mr. Had must have
been murdered could not have gone to Europe. A
feeling OF pleasurabo relief exhibited by Mr. Halls
many friends that the agony OF uncertainty was over
last and thai there now all the croakers TO tho
contrary Notwithstanding not shadow OF DOUBT that
Mr. Hall was perfectly safe. At lrst people wero
found who pretended doabt the truth Of the cable
announcement: but when tho report OF tho interview
between the agent oi the Associated Press at
and Mr. Hall was published the later editions OF tho
afternoon papers every reader declared that Mr. Hall
was tho man.
now Mr.. BETRAYED niMsELy
Mr. Hall betrayed himself when no asked why his
family should be excited, and to every intelligent mind
his subsequent denial OF his identity with tho cx.
Mayor was fruitIcss Another feature Of tho story
which tended confirm the conviction that the man
cxMayor Hall WIS his characteristic query to tho
reporter ~ The latter helped him down the ladder.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01

Many substances. chiefly the metals, are what are
termed good conductors of elcctrcity that It, when
attached to the battery or developer they conduct the
positive aud negative fluids thercrom tho place Of
Of telegraph line are the conductors by which the
cleo rc fluid developed. say In New York. is led 10
Chicago where II Is liberated after performing It's work
In moving the sounder OF the telegraph instrument.
But will be noticed that these suspended
poles. IL also known that these poles especially
when wet. also conductors, and that electricity Will
always seek the point OF from the wire
ductor, rs 1t ~ great reservoir OF latent
electricity. Why docs not the fluid leave the
at the FIRST polo and cscapeY Because
II attached 10 the pole by nonconduc,irg substance,
which II caniot pass and therefore HES TO the
next aud the POLE whore the also insulated
by dnctor. So the fluid must 20 to where the
electrician has designed to set II free after ts
substances arc nonconducors. and when they are IN
terposcd between two conducting bodies the electric
fluid cannot pass them. Water is good conductor.
When tho telegraph wires covered with irozeE ram
which coats the wires the insulaiors and the poles
with unbroken nlament OF ice, the electric iud viii
escape through that medium and tho line will 10
operate until tho ice disappears As referred 10 In
at either end oi the battery place OF dcvcl-
opment seek TO meet again. When the tel
cgraph nrst invented Two were
deemed ncccssnry-onc TO convey the positive
and the second tho negative fluids TO the point OF re-
composition But " was discovered that by allowing
the negative fluid To cape the earth and
the positive to pass over It's only con-
completed what Is termed the scircuil" With these
facts before tho reader ho readily comprc
bend the points Of tho following brief dcscrp tun or
the latest Geographic wondcr--thc telephone
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
Notes.-The solemn and slow funereal march not
more easily than the lveliest JIG music

notes.-the most solemn and slow funereal march not
more easily than the lveliest JIG music
ASALlzkk.
by means OF an instrument styled an anaiyzcr also
invented by Professor Gray, any gwen note oil CON-
binaton detected at tho receiving end OF
the line we'll at the sending end The possibility
OF aravzlng composite passing through sr was
successfully demonstrated by Helmhoitz but Gray has
accomplished similar analysis OF tones produced by
vibrations in The electromagnetic This rs done by y
very simple apparatus-an ordinary electro magnet.
having instead OF armateur, steel ribbon stretched
IN metallic frame and fitted with turning screw
al one end When the ribbon OF steel IS
tuned to any required pitch II VIII DO
thrown into vibration only when that note Is sounded
by the magnet When that note ceases 10 form part
OF the combined sound transmitted. the vibrations Of
the ribbon cease H. therefore, is desired AT the
receiving end 10 detect what single notes go
combination, II only necessary 10 pass tho current
through many anayzers al pleasure, aud that ono
which Is tuned for the required will respond II II
DO IN the composite sound This tact leads 10 the con-
clusion that tone indesructbe and Is not altered
BY or does lose itself In other tones combina-
IONS OF musical SOUNDS
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01

TIE MAGNETIC COT.
Before entering into any details regarding the tclc
phone the reader must DO informed as To the elect
produced by the passage OF the electric aui
sending instrument 10 tho receiving instrument at
each end OF tho line When the battery IL
IN operation and the electricity Is developed
IT Is cut OF from the telegraph wire by
key which leaves GAP break IN
the line vi connection This key becomes
the end OF the battery ciectrodc when not Tho
moment however that IT pressed Uy The operator :
finger, the break ~ closed the electric ilud flows
with nconccNablc rapidly along the wire At the
receiving terminus o the line another break
IL ~ ut receiving instrument Bct as II ~ mani
testify Impossible to work limo without an automatic
receiver when repeats The message either py signs or
sounds, such instrument aus been devised and
may bc beard clicking away In any telegraph Office.
There councction With this receiver littlo appa.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
LINE OR ELEcTRoDE


AZ soon as electricity Is developed on body suited
covered with the electric mud, the positive occupying
one end and tho negative Tho other. The middle oil
tho rod becomes neutral limo between the two fluids
But not only does the positive and negative electricity
akc opposite ends being, as stated mutually repeant
they also seek the cxtremities and accumulate there
In greater quantities than nearer the neutral line. THIS
Is caused. curously enough, by two distinct and
directly opposite kinds OF eiort-namcly, that which
separates the fluids and that by which hoy seek 10
rcunite
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01

LINE STREET RAILWAY STATION,
LIVERPOOL, March 3l--ll 10 A. n.
Mr. A. Oakley Hall has taken a ticket to London. He
missed the eleven O'Clock train, ana will probably 20
by the next NJ noon
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
The Question of Identity Discussed
with a Reporter
ON THE TRAIN TO LONDON.
A Drive to NOtting-Hill Gate and a
Welcome Reception.
ALLEGED RING REVELATIONS.

LONDON March 3l--l2 NJ
telegram has just been received hero from Liver
pool, which shows that Mr. A. Oakley Hall ~ IN that
city. The telegram is as iollows:-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01

NIL. HALL IpESTIFIEp-AN INTERyIEw--HE
DENIES THAT HE Is Mn. HALL--TAKEs THE
TRAIN FoR LONDON.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
cAs TBis re TRuES

The Express OF last evening mad the folIowing:--
We have but little doubt from what we boar that Mr.
Hall lett the city consequence the certainty OF
weeds release IRON prison, which Will place
week, or that the price OF that release, besides tho
surrender OF large sums Of money, the exposure OF
parties who received the money AZ tho hands OF
Boss That the exMayor lett the city and country as
hc did ana when he did account OF the Tweed trial
think viii be made evident NIL whcn tho full ex-
posurc OF names and dates laid before
the public. II will probably appear III thus sx-
posurc how much the Tweed charter cost the city
Albany. and the SUN VIII doubt astould the puDiicif
the revelation ~ made complete Whether tho
Mayor WAS wso or unwisc making his escape from
the country IS disputed point amcng his fieuds ous
n implicated, a. alleged, 10 auy Knowledge Of Ger
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-04-01
TELEPHONE REHEARSAL AT STEIN.

There are more things in heaven and earth, Horat
Than are dreamt OF in your philosophy.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30

At the conclusion of the operate
season. it is the intention of Mr.. Bige.
low to inaugurate and carry into ex.
ecution many important improve
ments in connection with his hall.
The public have had just cause for
complaint heretofore, but circum-
tances, over which he had no control,
prevented him from moving in the
matter before. These obstacles have
been overcome, and the alterations, he
informs Us. will be commenced as
above stated. IL is his intention to
raise the roof about six feet, and re-
place the n lining with a wooden
ceiling. A gallery will be built for the
especial accommodation of the hood
lum element The stage will be en-
larged, new and appropriate scenery
put in. and dressing rooms for the use
of the troupes constructed. The pros
perity OF Eureka has attracted the at
tentiOn OF those who cater to the pub
lie amusement. and we are promised
the presence Of many first-class novel.
ties in the near future. The success oil
those who have lately been among Us,
and our accessibility to the mair
routes OF travel, insure us a round o.
travelling stars and organizations, and
Mr.. Bigelow has determined to pre-
pare for their coming, and make the
hall an attractive place for his patrons
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30

~ tue sunKxA n rALrsADx sArLsoAs
Young

Officers Mckee and Mooney, on Fri
day evening last, arrested a couple of
boys, on a charge OF housekeeping.
For some time past MI. Bremenkampf,
oil the City Brewery, has noticed that
his stock of cigars, kept in his store
house. was rapidly and steadily d.
minishing. As no extra call for the
weed had been made at the bar, bis
suspicious were aroused, and he i'm
formed the officers of the mysterious
'diminution In his stock. They inves.
tigated the case, and found that two
boys, a colored youth by the name of
Oscar George, and a Spanish boy by
the name OF Roble, were selling cigars
at reduced pr ces to the proprietors oil
the dives along the Lower Levels. A
watch was Consequently put upon the
youngsters movements, and they
were detected in the act OF carrying
away a load from the storehouse. By
some Q they had become pos.
sessed of a key fitting the lock, which
rendered their access easy. They had
stolen somewhere in the neighborhood
OF 5000 cigars, and disposed of them
Is stated. The ease will be investigat.
cd l the Justice Court at an early
date.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30

Fridays Virginia Chro nicle has the
following regarding operations in the
famous south drift of the Ophir:
Work in the face of the south drift,
from the incline on the l ,900-foot level
of the Ophir mine, was discontinued
last Tuesday, as mor water was being
tapped by the drift than could be con
veniently handled. The last drill-boles
bored in the breast of the drift were
plugged up with pine, as fears were
entertained that, if the flow of water
remained unchecked. it would soon
flood the level. As oon as the bal
snce-bob, now being fitted up i'm the
machine shop, is in place, work will be
again resumed at all points on the
| 900 level. The bob will hardly be in
before the 10th or 18th of January.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30
Carriers Address.

The SENTINEL carrier has prepared
a very neat and tasty poetical address
to his patrons, aud will distribute the
same on New Years morning. 1t is
an old custom hat has obtained among
the fraternity tor years, and in these
times of good cheer and liberal feelings,
his faithful services are entitled to
some consideration. In storm and
sunshine, through rain and snow, he
goes his rounds, and the paper is al
their door long before the recipient,
have concluded their morning snooze
Remember these facts when he pre-
sents you with his compliments Tues
day morning.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30
NOTICES.

PREsBYTERIAS CHURcH.-Rev. ). NJ.
Crothers, pastor. Services at ii
o'clock A. ". and O'Clock p. NJ. Praise
service in the evening.
Sunday school meets at II O'Clock NJ,
at the church.
ST. JAMES CHURCH.-Services will
be held at st. James Church, at IL
O'Clock 4. NJ, and 7 o'clock p. M
Rev. &. Il. Crawford, Rector.
Sunday school will be held In the
church at 2 o'clock p. NJ.
CATHOLIC CHURCH. = Rev. Father
Monteverde, pastor. Mass at ii A. NJ.
Nespers at 7 p. NJ. Mass on Ruby
Hill at 8 A. NJ.
RUBY HILL SERvICE.-Services in
the evening at Miners Union Hall
commencing at ~ o'clock.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30
STATE AND COAST INrELlI-
GENCE.

Joe Crews. a gay deceiver, who usec
TO keep a saloon in Carson, deserted
his wife in that place and ran away
with a Canadian girl. At Omaha be
deserted. also, his new found love.
The Stanford reception promises to
eclipse anything of the kind heretofore
given in San Francisco. The number
of invitations j. limited TO the capacity
of the mansion-75O. Allthe modistes
and tailors are busy.
General Thomas Ii. Williams is out
In a letter explaining his connection
with the Justice Woodville swindle.
He admits that J. w. Pearson bull.
dosed him in the transaction.
Johnny DeAngeles, a minstrel we'll
known on this coast. died in San Fran
cisco the other day, after a lingering
illness.
The proposed nomination of J.. j.
Linn for Lieutenant Governor meets
the appreciation of all Carson Repub-
licaHs.
A big rise in Overman stock has been
predicted by those who pretend to be
posted.
The annual meeting of the CONSOLE
dated Virginia Mining Company is
called for the 10th of January.
The Trojan Mining Company has
levied an assessment Of Is cents per
share.
Handsome Harry" died suddenly
at Sacramento on Sunday. His other
name was Brainard.
Rye Patch has declared a dividend
OF % cents per share, payable to NOR
row..
A San Francisco date says the in
siders are heavy buyers of Ophir.
The Bodie Standard objects to being
annexed 10 Nevada.
Governor Bradley has gone to Los
Angeles.
put your lips on ice," is the latest
slang.
Eureka daily sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1871-1887, 1877-12-30
sPeCIALr.

APPROPRIATE HOLIDAY GIFTS, n
the MINERS AND MECHATICS' TRADE
DEPOT.
IN FRENCH CRYSrAL,)f elegant do
acknowledgements, cologne 81. mantle sets.
ash holders. iorettes, smokers sets. yipais
erette toilet sets, vases.
IN BISQUE, MARBLE, H.-vases, de-
%canters, busts, statuettes. boaet stands. etc.
ExQUISITEi Parties invant of exquis.
lite and suitable holiday prsnss. would do
well to examine at tho MINaS' AND ME-
CHANCES TRADE DEPUT Their stock in
ALABASTEK AND B0HdIAN WARE
comprises Bohemian c~oloenets, Bohemian
mantle sets, Bohemian vastala baster man
tie sets, ala baster vases. alaster rrhs.
MUSICAL.-AIl kinds musical instru-
ments at the MINERS Az MECHANICS,
TRADE DEPOT.
SILvERED ~GLASSwk.-Atthe MIN
ERS' AND MECHANICSRADE DEPOT
can be obtained in silverelassware the fol-
lowing articles: Match sds. spice stands.
candlesticks. spoon rscers. 1orettes and
Victoria vases.
LAVA GOODS.-Thossw lava goods are
for sale at the MINERAND MECHANi
les TRADE DEPOT. dis