The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-07-16
against the enemy would require force far greater
than that at the command OF the Turkish Pachas.


KARs MUST FALL.
The Russians, receiving order from Kars rapidly
rctred--ater destroying considerable quantity OF
commissarat well AS warlke Stores together with
5000 rlles-lrom the position when they had taken
up al 9th They, however, distributed great deal
OF captured grain the inhabitants, ana complied
their request not to commit the wiiu waste
This nasty and rclrograde movement was followed
by u Turkish advance oil about six thousand men, ac-
companied by few hundred cavalry, under the divec
ton OF Rescnid and shahyn tFaicon) pachas, who,
according their account OF the exploit, hunted five
Muscovite bastaons. protected by 1000 cavalry aud
seven guns, with such tcnacity that the imperial
officers had 10 nuke frequent use oil their whips in
order to iorcc the fainting soldiers to keep Differ
assigned In explanation OF the Russian
change Of position but tho most plausible attributes
1t intention TO storm Kars, the some OF
the Caucasian tribes being such TO render the
duction OF that fortress previous TO further advance
advisable This Is THE third time the Russians have
altered their plans, and | am convinced that
before the end OF the week events OF consider
able importance VIII take place The position
Of the Mushir in tho neighborhood of Kupri-
Koi Is supposed 10 be one vi great strength but
newspaper correspondent riding into tho camp along
good highway, surprised the san officers by his ac
cidentai discovery OF road Of whose existence they
were ignorant, aud which, IN order TO prevent ts being
used by tho Russians IN flank movement. they
watched for the future with two battaons. Nature
has certainly not gifted the Turks with tho bump OF
locality.
he Kurds collected at Van for the defence of the
country have struck into the whole district,
their violence and disorder The American MISSION
ares, using small boat, originally purchased tor
recreation, place OF defence, have taken refuge in
her and afIor floating about the great lake ali day,
sleep IN some secluded village Oh the shore ut nignt.
Stories OF horrors reach US from every quarter, and
the country SAID to be IN state OF such anarchy
that powers OF the Pacha scarcely beyond
the wall vi his own palace. Tho Kurds. although Mus
suimans resemble IN many of their customs the
rudest savagcs Men aud women appear during the
hot months without Clothes and the natural conse-
uence OF such behavior leaving them without sense
OF modesty higher than that oil their ponies may
be imagined Tho villages IN the vicinity oil every
Turkish camp are constantly infested with bands OF
n.arax
eatbes they can lay hands on, are ls Troublesome to
the inhabitants as plague OF locusts have seen
party after party OF these birds oil prey ransack he
villages where have spent the night, and sooner
had one OF such unweicome guests taken thor de-
parture than they were succeeded by more Tho rob-
bers as much objects OF pity the robbed, Tor
throughout the whole army OF tho sultan u partial
D,suEARTENED soLprgnY
Many OF the soldiers have no other clothes except
those ragged and dustcovered garments in which they
follow The plough. They are unpr"vIded Win great
sleep huddled together the bare ana gen
orally damp floor OF the tents. Their food consists OF
coarse biscuit. sparingy issued IN insufficient quanli-
ties, and on my asking in what part oil the eucainp-
mcnt The coOk-h houses were situated was grimiy
told that there was nothing to cook. The whole
Turkish force under the command OF the Mushir con-
ssts OF nine excellent batteries zach composed OF
four slx-pounder aud two iour-pounder Krupp guns;
some l. 900 cavalry including the mounted police, and
about 80 000 perhaps O00 infantry soldiers, all OF
whom on short commons and many OF whom are
either totally undrislcd or not clothed IN military uni
forms. Having lost confidence in their leaders this
fatigucd and hungry host Is not inspired with much
enthusiasm, but Impossible Tor spectator
among the s,rong and docilc men OF which 1T is com
posed feeling that the material az tho disposal
the Turkish adm nisration Is very badly employed.
HOW oLTI WAS OCCUPIED.
Olti was quietly occupied by tho Russians, and The
Caa Of thai town, an Arag. OF Aleppo, receiving the
chiefs OF the Invaders with great respect and many
compliments, PROVIDED tho stan officers with pleas
ant and well furnished entertainment There was
lutte excitement among the Inhabitants, as, having
pected the Muscoves Tor some lime past they have long
been prepared tor change OF masters. Tho metamor-
phos,s effected by tho conouerors at Ardabap as we'll
Mt a IA n Ia
extraordinary, and the markets and shops, hitherto
almost unprovded with those commodities essential
to the comfort OF the classes In Europe
now copIousy furnished with wines. groceries and
even dclicaces OF superior KIDD Order IS
immeciaseiy PAID for meat, iood and and for .
age, and the peasants stiie their hatred of
the Disbeever In the de light Of pocke!ing his money
The wreched prisoners, instead OF being put 10 death.
have received abundance oil wholesome FOOD and, with
a small donation, to soften the harlshps Of long
Journey have been permitted to return to their homes
Savaro his entry into the CTimea during the last
century, adopted policy equally astule; and the SIM
pie Tarais hugely pleased NJ the OF
their friends, and only found out when II was TOO
late that they did not improve on acquaintance Tho
Puchas OF Bajazid and Of Arabian, An Kanali and
Sabr the latter awaiting trial by court martial Tor
ardice, nave arrived IN Erzcroum; but tho brave Ma
homed Boy. Prusslan renegade, whose praises are
sung by the whole army. IS the lion OF tie season.
LAYING THE MOON
While Mukhtar Pacha, the Mushir. remained en-.
campei the Soghanlu Dagh, The RUSSIAN centre,
halted in the PLAIN OF Kars, made effort TO dsodgo
him; hut il Is evident from kilograms that their
u
to enveopng that dgnitary completely cut oil
his retreat IRON Erzeroum Five times each gay, and
mountains he prayed fervently to Allah Tho fall or
Ardahan threatened his left flank. Wherever he
looked he saw or thought he saw enemies, and III
order TO ameloratc his position he moved back to-
ward Kuprikoi In tho plans OF Passn. The Russians
are now, and with great activity, pushing
Bohaz, about fourteen mics from Erzeroum, aud
although this strong position ito which am going
tomorrow, in the hope Of smelling somo pow
Is VIZ fled vel "A
well commanded H. Is generally thought that tho Turks
will end BY making mastery and stubborn retreat
Since tho maunuvrc Of tie Faithful toward the plains
OF Passn the movements OF the OF the Pcrvcrse
have been entirely changed Tor now their lett column
becomng the pivot. their right, wheeling IT, takes
Erzeroum in Us radius, aud their centre, advancn
rapidly conforms to change OF front to left along
their whole line. On the completion OF these opera
the Mushir says That he Is gong to fight battle
and there is doubt that repulse by the Turks Of
the Russian centre would not only force the two outer
columns OF the Muscovte army TO retro, but would
exercise such powerful influences on the temper OF
the Kurds and other lukewarm tributaries OF the Porte
that the moral effect would be tower OF strength to
the Empire
FOLLOW DEFEAT.
II, on the other hand, Allah, is most probable,
allows Achmct Mukhtar Pacbu 10 be defeated, the
army OF which he is the commander Will cease to
isL Should no COSTUME to play out no game OF mas
tcrly inactivity and insist on acting as Muscovite ad
vance guard, which siuce the commencement of the
campaign he has 90 diligently persisted III, he Will
change front the left, with right thrown back and
after short pause, take refuge inside the forts Of
Erzcroum; because II he attempts by proceeding with
The buik Oi MS army 70 pueS oil DOhaz
stop the entry OF the righL Russian column into tho
plains surrounding that capital, he Will have Melikons
centre close to his heels that his Dattle developing
into engas ement between Two fires, will end IN
general dispersal There IS still open door by which
Achmet Mukhtar Pacna can save himself but the day
when the Goorjec Bohaz Pass Is forced that door
Will be locked and b0lted on the outside; and, coDsc-
quently, unless tho Musnr wishes finish the story
by laying down his arms he then only escape
the direction OF Darbekr by retiring To Moush along
mountain ROAD mpractcabie Tor artillery, and SO place
h IS army IN posiou as useless Tor the defence OF the
Efnn mt nf f.rsA in ~ tnr
the protection Of Cork mar Dor. Mukhtar
tire TO Erzngan, where he will be In gu ct IN
cation with Constan'inopc and the but the mo
ment clouds OF Russians pour into the plains OF Ere
roum through tho Goorjec Bohaz Pass that line oil
treat VIII be closed against him. and pressed by tho
Russian CENTRE be can only shut himself up insde
walls or 90 away, as have already said, by the noun
tain road toward Monsh. Once IN occupation oil ITO
surrounding plains, the Russians by occupation
Of the crcufnj ucent villages ana roads VIII prevent
supplies coming no tho town; and If PROVISIONS,
already stanty, are prcycd upon by the hungry WAY
who follow the horse tail standard OF the Mushir
Erzeroum, together with tho Turkish army must Ia