, 1877-10-19
TURKEY CARPETS.
How and Whera They Aro ffade-An Increas'
ting Demand.

How and Whern They Arc ffAdo-An 1ncreHs'
ing Demand.
Crrrss Trots Rkrftte.
Most Of our readers are In some way familiar
with the appearance Of Turkey carpet or rug,
yet no doubt few comparatively have distinct
idea of tho process or the precise locality Of
manufacture Of these specimens Of human In
gcnu!ty and patience existing among an alt but t..
harbsron people, who, stnca tie turbulent
times when they frat settled in Asia Minor,
have carried N unchanged this art, which had
been handed lown to tho former dominant
races from, the remote period Of antiquity, when
the PhryKtane OF 1fotnertc fame were the rulers
Of tue cuuntty. Three small towns-Oushak,
koufa, nn'l Nhiordess, within the boundaries
of Greater pL1yga--have preserved 10 the
present day the CARPET manufacture, Que OF tho
few remaining branches OF modern Turk!sll ILL
dustry; and II Is rather an interesting point to
note that this manufacture has not much
changed itb lt,callty from time t1nmemot1a'.
An intending visitor 70 the seat Of nanufae-
ture car nDw proceed by rail from Smyrna to
Philadelphia. one of tho teyen churches Of tho
atte ot ancient sar.lis where the steam whfssis
soun'ls strangely In @uch close vicinity 10 tho
crntnblIng ruins Df the city of Crnsus. six
lourA' nils from Philadelphia over dancernns
ot nn extinct yolcapo, IN ths very midst Of the
devastated 1egfnns uf the "CatacecAtlmen," and
| situated about midway between and a1S,ut If
ten hours ride frtm O.,shas ami 9hiprlees.
Ouelak. the largest ot the three towna abor0
n,entlonct, Is a!tuatcn on M elevated plateau
l~twetn ain, and t0tx} feet above the level OF
tbs sea- 1t l,na population OF oter t5000 fnhab~
itants, uf which only about thlr1 arc Chrfatias.
| The houses are built uf s1ntlr1etl brcka In tile
| usual style OF mGsGrn Turkish towns, and plaa-
tered over Inside afitl out with sort OF dark
clay, which gives the pace sornbre appearance
t,erfecty In kecninH with the character Of Its
people. Quaint old fountains and wells, moegues
ami m.narct1. overhangtng 1attcesl balconies,
atHi dark. narEuw, cT.uketi, dirty streets CHAR
acterize the place even more than other towns
nearer the seahoard. Wool IN every stage Of
progression, froln the moment It Is clipped from
the sheep ii IT'S final dyed and SPUN state. tit for
| the haE1s Of The manufacturers, Inccta lhc ego
euna,t6n of the inIatitanta Of this busy 1tttle
town. which, hut for this industry. would IN all
probability hare shared the decaylug tendency
Of uther Anatollan .slac,:s.
Almost every household Of any importance
carries on the CARPET manufacture. The mechan-
ism employed Is VI The simplest mud ruhcst de-
scriptiOn. A vertical frufnu supports two hort-
zuntsl rollers about five iert apart. The warp,
Of any required length, consisting Of an upper
and lower thread. Is ~nunl round the upper
roller, anil The cnds fastened to tho lowcr one,
from which tho work Is commenced hy tho
women aud girlH, whit kneel " sit crue+1eEGcA
las certain width Of work allotted to her. and
proceeds 10 KNIT the tufts Which form the pile
IN rows, Using different tNiurs TO fOrn the pat
tern. Each tuft ia kDottcd Independently OF
the others tn nn upper ant. 4 lower thtrad Of
the wurp+ When row Is thus tied the weft is
passed With TIC iand between the warp, and
ihcu beaten tluwn with heavy wooden comb.
The pile Is now clipped s1naotli with lAEEe pair
Of shears, and the next row abOyc tue Grst c0ln-
tnchceu With. AS tho WORK prWce'ls upward Il
IA roIiet! nYcr Ill" under roller md correspond
Ing leugth Of wary untolcl from the upper
one, uutF the required length uf carpet is mule:
The tyHU Uf The tufts anu lhe picking out OF