The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-03-04
SOME NEW HOOKS.



ends and tho apparent solidity OF results, this
generation has Witnessed ono achievement
more marvellous than Bismarck's-and that is
the creation OF an Independent united Italy
After ALL the German Empire il only n rcsur-
recton and the abrupt ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF tho
Hohcnzolcrns is parallclcd 10y that OF the Haps-
burghs In the thirteenth. and of the Hohon-
stpurens in tho twelfth centuries. But that
Italian Kingdom which has emerged from con-
temporary events il essentially n now entity.
whose one doubtful precedent must be sought
far back in the monarchy OF Theodore. and
to which tho past contributes nothing
but name and common ltera-
ture. Tho accomplishment Of this rc-
suit. which now that 1t is adjusted to the general
scheme OF order. seems natural and simple. has
exacted an amount OF CONFUSION. uphcaval
and reaction that twenty-five years ago would
have been deemed incredible. 1t has required
wars and revolutions. descriptions OF the Euro
r~an equilibrium. the onnihilation OF local
sovcrcigutics and the complete transformation
of tho most immutahc OF institutions. the tenn
poral power OF the Roman Church. 1t prcsup-
posed. moreover the existence at the foot of tho
Alps Of a little people conspicuous for courage.
discipline. and devotion. Mt its hoad n king
whose dynnstic ambition happened to coincide
ellis OF this IA incv ami nation II man ot genius
notunequal TO the most complicated and hazard
GUS undertakings.
Obviously the capital factor In the evolution
OF this remarkable phenomenon was the scnti-
ment Of nationality and tho vehement purpose
OF Independence which had como 10 lcavcn the
whole pcninsular. yet according TO all human
calculations. these forces must have proved
abortivc without the active cooperation OF the
Sandman monarchy. 1t IL further probable
that without Cavour such cooperation would. in
our day. have been Improbable; that in other
words the interval between the stages OF pied-
montcse development represented by Novara
and Solfcrino. would have been measured. not
by q decade but n half century. 1t was the
patient silent providcnt. and far reaching
work done between those dates which en-
ablcd an insignificant State. apparently re-
duccd TO impotence. TO make and seize OPP
portuntics to stimulate. organize. and guido
a movement which ultimately secured il n firm
place among the powers OF Europe. The splcn-
did rehabilitation OF Piedmont is n monument
not only TO the ability OF its great Minister. but
to the energies OF ts people. and II seems to
offer from this point OF view peculiar consola-
ton and encouragement TO France. The lesson
is not unsklfully enforced by q wcll-known
writor. CHARLES DE MAzADE. In n recent work
entitled lie CoDipie de CdpOur. Eude lie POlhigue
Rationale et Pdrlidmentdire. A rapid outline Of
salient incidents in the cnreor Of the Italian
statesman will permit us u reproduce from this
pansiaking and voluminous biography some
new and interesting anecdotes of his private and
public life.
NJ de Mazade tells US that one autumn day Of
1850. on the eve OF his entrance into public lifc
Cavour visited Strcsa. on the borders OF tho
honse If Tho riilosonbor pns,nini ,,,hora h,.
met Monzoni Iookin, an, from the windov,s
~ tho villa on tho on,,o.i,. shoro ~ ,holoLo
which was then and seemed hk.lv IA lony rc-
mnin. Austrian torritorv. the three men
fell 10 talking Of tho destiny Of Italy
Mnnzoni had not coased 10 bona hut
Rnsmini Ind only IA sad smile for the Illusions
ofthe uoct. Cavour howcyer rubbed his hands
it was one of his familiar eesturos-and kent
rcp.ating with sanruine on,phasis "Wo will
do somethlng vet" He who undertook Thus
lightly TO mould the future had tho viyacity Of
youth. hut was no longer young. and his name
had only recently become known in connection
with punllc AFFAIRS. The second son OF AN old
but not opulcnt family. Camille de Cavour was
was born in 1910. and graduated at eighteen
from the military academy as sub-licutenant
OF engineers. Soon afterward he threw up
his commission in consequence OF the dis
grace incurred by his sympathy with the
French Revolution OF 1880. and thence
forward. until 1916 resigned himself to the
somewhat obscure existence OF gentleman
farmer. His education like the first Nnpolcons.
had boon almost exclusively scientific, and he
too was inclined in after life 10 parade his want
ofliterary instruction. From the study ottri-
angles and agebraic formulas lac used to say,
passed 10 that OF men and things. and can
now understand how useful the former study
was by what do with things and men" II Is
posi- that mathematical training developed
relish Tor precision. clearncss. and proper
ton, as II undoubtedly gave him prodigious
facility in dealing with figures and calculations.
But we fancy the study oi mathematics would
nave Ill qualiled Ca'our Tor inc comprehensive
activities OF his later years II II had not been
supplemented 10y influences more ie'und. ty
WaN'l ana NE experience oil rcal NE under all
its forms.
Twice during this long period Of growth and
sof-educaiion. In 1885 and 1919. tho futur.
Minister visited France ana England, aud hi,
letters show that he did not waste las time. lie
is alive 10 that rawnoss OF tone aud unassimila-
tive hlmor which marks even the best London
society. AMI says Of England that there you