davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
THE NAVAL OFFICE.
1t May be Discontinued at the Discretion of
secretary sheFman-trreasury
Rules and Regulations.

1t May be Discontinued at the Discretion of
secretary she efman-Treasury
Rules and Regulations.
The average Republican applicant for the Naval
Office will be happy to know, without doubt. that
under section 1858, Revised Statutes of the United
States, Secretary Sherman is authorized TO
ABOLISH THE NAVAL OFFICE
at this port, should he deem it advisable, and
that while it would require an act Of Congress to
abolish similar Offices at New York, Baltimore, or
other large Cities New Orleans is made an excep-
ton.
Rumor has it that the Custom House Commia-
sion have already taken this m liter under advise-
ment, and will consider the feasibility OF such .
recommendation.
Another trifing (?) matter has come to light in
the shape OF the rules and regulations Of the
treasury department, which, on page 503. tserieS
OF 1874,) spec fcaly provides that appoint
ments to subordinate positi DDS in
THE CUSTOMS SERVICE
Tart. 1n31J must be OF those not lsss than eigh-
teen nor more than forty-fve years Of age, and
that they must be mentally and physically quail
fed. Inspss tors mnst be twenty-one years OF
age and Of robust frame and constitution.
Article 1880 stipulates that persons who have
heretofore been dismissed upon sustained
charges are not eligible for reappolntment, and
all appointees must furnish satisfactory proofs
az to character, etc.
These regulations will, il is sal reduce Col
lector Kings pile Of applications about one-hslf.
and from the reduced pile he can N 4ke selections
satisfactory to himself and the department..
He has letter from
THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
indorsing the course he has pursued in the mat
ter OF appointments.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
MARKETS..
Domestic.
Especial to the Demoerat.1

EDpcclu tO u6 DeInOGTubJ
CHICAGO, June II, 1o45 q. m.--July wheat
August corn 491s. July oats 3634. July pork
s12 8211ls, August pork $12 95.
CHICAGO, June 11-Wheat irregular, 81 $50
53A July; nominally 81 54A cash and June.
Corn easier, ~ July; AZ August. Pork
5711s cash and June; sri July. Rice duff, 6S
June; 65 July. Barley dull, No. 3 39 reject
ed 80. s. P. hams dull and unchanged. Dry
salt meats, boxed, dull; shoulders nominally
AZ; long clear 81; short ribs 61s; short clear
64 long clear and short clear6Ia.
Wheat sharply advanced; No; red fall 81 %
cash; No. 3 do. 81 sOL. Corn higher; A
cash 43h0434 June; 435sM441s July; 455l
M46A August: Oats better, 80. Rye dall,
IS bid. Whisky shady, ST. OF. Pork higher,
s13 25 cash. s1s 20 July, $l3 50 August. Bulk
clear ribs, up country, on private terms.
higher but slow; light to good shipping 81 35
@4 50, packing $404 60; receipts 310O.
CINCINNATI June n.-Flour firm. Wheat
srdnser sfstsa and 4 hgner oa ghe saa9% 81 9 % oEn
Whisky Better feeling, 81 O6. Pork quiet
s1s 50. Lard quiet. 8.75@s.sO Bulk meats,
in fair demand, 4. 5o0e4.55t06. .60@665@7. Bacon
quiet, 5Ls(071a@s.
New York, June 11.,-Flour steady; moder-
receipts 10000; sales 5000. Wheat quiet and
firm, light export milling demand; No. 2 Mil
waukee 10 bid, held at rs; receipts $4,000; no
sales. Rice quiet 940198 Corn shade firmer,
not active; receipts 81, 600; sales $4,000, 554M
6oA; 60 Barley quiet; Oats firm; receipts
State; 45s467 for white. Pork quiet, S9@1O
Whisky 81 IL. Sugar dull. Petroleum Crude
754018 refined Az.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12

and below Kansas City, is still rising and
doing great damage. The water is higher
than at any time since the flood OF 1874. The
town Of Harlem, opposite Kansas City, Is
about six feet under water and is likely to be
entirely destroyed.
All the railroads in the vicinity are greatly
damaged by the washouts and the tracks
completely submerged. People living on the
bottoms along the Missouri river are moving
to bluffs, taking what property they can with
them. The Missouri Press Association are
water bound at Hot Springs, Ark, there being
an impossible break on the narrow gauge
road between the Springs and Malvern.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
IN wICKLIPFR's TRACKS.
Auotber Auditor In the Tells.

1t seems tnat ihs ex-huditor IL not to go scot
free after ail. The mysterious disappearance Of
several Of the most important books OF his Office
has not been passed over by our lynx-eyed Dis
trics Attorney. John j. Finney, Esq.,, and in order
to bring the matter to q climax at once an in
formation was filed against Mr.. g. B. Johnson
last night, charging that individual with grand
larceny in sppropriating the books belonging TO
the State.
The bail fixed by Judge Whitaker was 5000,
but as Mr.. johnson has been absent some days ut
Point Clear, no arrest was made. II will be re-
nembered that after the evacuation OF the State
House by Packard many important books be-
longing to the AUDITORS Office were found miss
ing, and no explanation as to their absence was
vouchsafed. Diigsnt search was made in the
st. Louis Hotel without avail, and Mr. Johnsona
silence warranted the belief that he knew OF their
Whereabouts. As custodian he certainly oogns
to know, and the law holds him responsible ior
the fleets in his Office,
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
A Grand Battle to be Fought at the Dusa
Pass.
Especial to the Democrat

LONDON, June 11.-A correspondent at the
Montenegrin headquarters says t1at reports
that the provision train for Goransko was cap
tured are unfounded. The fortress was re-
victualed after four hours fighting. This
success enables Suleiman to concentrate his
force for attack on Gen. Vukovi's position in
the Duga Pass. The Montenegrin army will
be concentrated to meet him and the battle
fought there will be decisive of the fate of
Nicsic. 1t is thought probable that Sulei-
man Pasha, although losing heavily, will pen
citrate to Nicsic. If he should be defeated
his army will extricate itself with difficulty
and will risk total destruction.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The North Carolina prarshaIship.

WASHINGTON, June 1.-The trial of Franks,
Deputy United States Marshal for North
Carolina, attracted great attention. Attorney
General Devens is represented as being de-
termined to raise the standard Of the service
by getting rid of persons Of questionable in
tegrity. A prominent detective says when
the whole thing Is brought to light and the
ramiflcation of this ring of fraud and it's
workings are exposed the details will. be
startling. Equally big frauds the detective
says, exist in other Southern districts.
Marshal Douglas, of North Carolina, is here
to testify In Franks case
It Is estimated that one third Of the expen-
ditures of the department have been for polit-
ical, and another one-third for personal pur-
nOaes ..fT~
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Meeting of the society Of Friends,

Especial to the Democratl
BOSTON, June 1.-THE first annual meeting
OF the New England Society of Friends held
outside of Newport, r. l., for two hundred
years is now being held at Portland, Me. The
leading members of the society throughout
the United States are present The Society
of Friends numbers 900 members in the
United States, with 662 churches, $4,000, 900 in
church property, and $500 Sunday school
scholars. There are 10000 members in Great
Britain, and churches and foreign missions
in many Of the European States. Services
will continue until Wednesday.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
BY TELEGRAPH.
CAPITAL NEWS.
The New York crooked whisky Cases
Ended.
Especial to the Democrat.l

lSpecfal TO the DemOcratl
WASHINGTON June 1.-THE war upon the
alleged manufacturers of crooked whisky In
New York began five years ago, and which
resulted in an Indictment Of about eighty
.distillers and rectifiers, has been abandoned,
and the United States District Attorney this
morning entered anolle pros by the authority
Of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue and
the Secretary of the Treasury Several OF the
defendants are dead and others out OF the
whisky business. Only about half dozen
untried whisky cases now remain In the
United States Courts in this district.
Fractional Currency.
The committee which has been considering
what amount of fractional currency circula-
tion has been destroyed will make their re-
port In day OF. two. Their approximation
will probably fall below ten millions.
McCrary's Movements.
WASHINGTON, June 11.-Secretary McCrary
leaves tomorrow for West Point, returning
Friday
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12

northeast, fresh, Arrived British steamship
Chilean, Brenner master, from Liverpool, via
Co. Sailed-Ship Minnie III. Gerow, draft 20
feet inches; Thorndean, 20 feet s inches:
inches
Inc above mentioned vessels were all towed
out to sea within the space of three hours and
twenty five minutes Considering their heavy
draft, this is considered very quick work.
PoRT EADs, June II, Noofl.e-Wind east,
good breeze.
No arrivals.
Sailed: Bark Arno, draft 1s feet inches.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The war i'm Montenegro.
Especial to the Damocrat.l

u
VIENNA, June 11.-No fresh news has been
received from Montenegro. Both sides evil
IDENTIFY are making preparations to deal de-
cisive blow. The difficult task of forcing an
entrance of the Duga pass, in the plains of
Nicsic, still remains for Suleiman Pasha
to accomplish. In this neither Ali Saib or
Mohammed Ali can assist him much.
On June 9Th firing was heard on the heights
of Korpeniza. from which it would appear that
the Montenegrin force from Grahova had
made movement against the garrisons of
Trebgne and Keobuk.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The Floods in Tennessee. !.

ISpeCIHI 10 the UBWOCrHtJ
MEMPHIS, June 1.-THE river rose seven
inches to-day; now ten feet below danger line.
The trains will commence running on several
railroads tomorrow. Transfers will have to
be made for few days on the Memphis and
Louisville and Mississippi and Tennessee
roads.
Jonah Davis and Lace jackson, colored,
were drowned yesterday while attempting to
cross swollen stream of water seven miles
north of this city
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The New German Education Bill.

Especial to the DemOcratl
BERLIN, June 1.-THE bill introducing q
new system Of public instruction in Russia,
which Is to remodel it's famous institutions,
dating from the beginning of this century,
has been completed by q special commission.
By the new bill, the classical tendency OF
liberal instruction will be somewhat modified.
In those portions regulating elementary in
struction, great advantage has been derived
from the American experience of the free
school system.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
DOMESTIC NEWS.
Crop Reports.
Especial to the Democrat.l

MEMPHIS, June 1.-THE report of the COM
mittee on statistics and information Of the
Memphis division of the National Cotton Ex-
change is as follows, made up from AZ re-
sponses from West Tennessee, So from North
Mississippi 81 from Arkansas and IL from
North Alabama:
YAcreage-38 answers report increased plant
ing; 81 about the same; IA per cent re-
planted with corn. Average less acreage IL
per cent.
Weather-127 report the month of April un-
favorable throughout, on account of continued
hard rains and low temperature; 20 report 1t
as about the same as last year; more report
1t as favorable; 113 report May as very un-
favorable for the first week, on account of
rains, the balance Of the month as excessively
dry, windy and cloudy; 80 report the month
as about as favorable as last year
Stands-25 report stands very fine; 70 good
average; 65 early planting stands poor but
late planting good; 9report crops in advanced
condition as compared with last year; 1873 as
later; is as about the same, averaging days
later in condition.
Labor-18 report increase in numbers, 20
decrease; III report about the same, averag-
ing a decrease OF one-Sixth per cent; ga re-
port morale Of laborers as greatly improved;
S6report laborers as working well, 5 as indiffer-
ent The average indicates great improve
ment. All report no commercial fertilizers
! used.
In general terms there is but slight in
creased attention to the use of home pro-
duced manures; 12o report the crop as well
cultivated and free of grass and weeds 81 of
which report superior condition; crops as
healthy but grassy; 26 crops not yet worked,
stands very unhealthy; 107 crops as suffering
seyrrely for rain.
The report adds that great damage must
result from the almost unprecedented rain
that fell during the night of the 7th inst. and
all day OF the Sth. Such storms never come
upon us without very disastrous results, by
hillside washing and flooding creek bottoms.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Alvarez Declares for Lerdo.

ISpPCIdI 10 IHe DoIIIUCIH'I
SAN Francisco, June 1.-THE steamer
Newburn, from Mazatlan, June 3, brings a re-
port that Alvarez, former Governor of Aca-
pulco, who was ousted by Jiminez, a partisan
of Diaz, has declared for Lerdo and defeated
Jiminez in an engagement, and that the lat
ter was captured and shot This occurrence
is reported to have taken place May 9, which
throws doubt on the report, as the Costa Rica
brought news from Acapulco to the Goth ult.
Sunday last Canados was elected President Of
the State of Durango, in Mexico.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
FOREIGN NEWS.

President GIL, Of Paraguay, Murdered.
Especial to- the Democrat1
NEW YORK, June 11.-A letter from Para
quay says that President Gill and his brother
William were murdered in the most barbar-
GUS manner. The President was at home with
his family when he was surprised and killed
by band Of assassins headed by Col. Goibura
and Commanders Morales and Godery In a
subsequent engagement with the troops Col
bura and Morales were made prisoners.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12

sion has been caused here by articles in the
National Zeitung discussing the crisis in
France and declaring an Ultramontane
regime, which would alone succeed. The re-
public Is irreconcilable with European peace.
These articles are said to reflect very faith
fully the views of government circles here.
Information that the French are already re-
newing their military preparations on the
frontier Is received here with credit.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
New York's Reception Of GOV. Hendricks


New YORK, June n.--Ex-Gov Hendricks
says that he does not intend to be absent
more than three or four months, and that his
time will be passed mainly in London, Paris,
and perhaps Berlin. Twelve hundred invita-
tions.are out for the Manhattan Clubs recep-
tion of Gov. Hendricks tomorrow. 1t is un-
derstood there will be no formal address
of welcome, except that made by the presi-
dent of the club.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Ministerial Appointments.
lHpecial to Che Democrat.l

Especial 70 the UemOcraLI
WASHINGTON, June 11.--On reconsideration
the President to-day appointed MIR. Kasson,
of Iowa, as Minister to Austria. The office
has been accepted, and Jas. Russell Lowell
has been rendered and accepted the mission
to Spain.
Jasper Smith, now Consul at Funchal,
formerly Chief of the Consular Bur eau Of the
State Department, has been promoted to take
charge of commercial agency at Noting
ham, England.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
WAR NOTES.
CROSSING THE DANUBE.
The Routes by which the Russians Will
March ON Con .tant ,nopIe.

The Routes by which the Russians Will
March ON Con .tant,nOpIe.
Especial to the Democrat
LONDON, June lit would appear as II
the Russian points for crossing the Danube
will be chosen east and west Of the Turkish
quadrangle, and while the eastern column
keeps In check the Turkish forces massed in
and about the fortresses, the western column
will act as field army operating against the
flank or rear of the Turkish posts.
The line chosen for the operation of the
Western column is the more advantageous
one, as along it lies some OF the best roads
over the Balkan mountains One of these,
from Ploena to Sofia, and another from Sis
tora, over Sifka pass, toward Phillipopolis
Although the Turks are outnumbered by the
Russians, and although with the greatest ex-
ertions they will scarcely be able to oppose
anything like an equivalent force to the four
corps concentrated by the Russians on that
side, yet by taking up central position be-
tween Plauvano and Bella they may, with the
help of their monitors and batteries, throw con-
siderable distractions In the way of crossing
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Turkish Naval Expedition i'm Prepara-
ton.
Especial to the Democrat

LONDON, June ia special from Sulina
reports that reinforcements for the Turkish
iron-clad fleet are daily expected. After their
arrival an expedition, of which the destina-
ton is kept secret, will sail. A correspondent
confirms the report that the iron-clads drove
latter
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Ready to Met the Russians.

Especial 70 the DemOcratJ
VIENNA, June 1.-THE Turks are collecting
an army of reserve westward of Sofia. The
garrison of Widdin is being reduced a part Of
the troops still remaining there being de-
tached to strengthen the army in the field. It
is intended by the Turks apparently to oppose
the Russian host which is expected to cross in
the neighborhood Of Nikopols and Sistovia.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
A Naval Engagement ON the Danube.
Especial to this Democrat

Especial to this Democrat.I
THERoAPIA, June 11.-News has just ar
rived of an encounter between six Russian
torpedo boats and some Turkish iron-clads at
the Sulina mouth of the Danube. The torpedo
boats were beaten off, three were destroyed
and some prisoners were taken. One of the
iron-clads was injured.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The Russians Routed at Kars !.
Especial to the Democrat


CoNsTANTINoPLE, June 11.-Muhktar Pasha
telegraphs that the garrison of Kars made u
successful artillery sortie, and defeated and
pursued the enemy some distance.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
RIVER NEWS.
Jspecial to the Democrat

Especial to the DemocratJ
LOUISVILLE, June 11.-Departed yesterday:
Morgan, for New Orleans.
CISCINNATI, June 1O.-Arrived: Golden
Rule, from New Orleans.
MEMPHIS, June 11.--Passed up yesterday:
Centennial, for ST. Louis; Donnally for Gin
cinnati John Means and barges, for the Ohio
river. Down at a. m. to-day: Jordan, for
New Orleans.
CAIRO, ILL.,, June 11.-Departed- Re-
public, for New Orleans.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
A Drowned Editor.

Especial to the Democrat
NEW YORK, June 11.-Franklin J. Otter, edi-
torial writer for the Tribune for fifteen years.
and more recently engaged on OTHER journals,
is missing. 1t is feared he was drowned while
bathing at Coney Island.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
spread of the Circassian Insurrection.

Especial to the Democrat
LONDON, June 1.-THE Circassian insurrec-
tion at Kalep is spreading. The commanders
are vigorously attempting to cut Russian
communications.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Foreign.
ISpecial to the Democrat.I

Especial 70 the DemOcfat.I
LIVERPOOL, June 11.-Flour 29s. Wheat
Milwaukee red 12s 1d0D13s 4d; California
white 12s 6d012s Cd; club 13s013s Sd. Corn
24s0D24s Cd. Pork SIS. Beef 82s. Bacon
Long clear 36s Cd; short clear 39s. Lard
45s Tallow 4Os Cd.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
MONEY AND STOCKS.
Closing stock Report.
Especial to the Democrat. |

NEW YORK, June 11.-Money easy at 1Ls
Exchange 4ss@490h. Gold 1O47s. Govern
ments weak, in sympathy with gold. State
bonds steady. Stock market opened weak for
soal stocks and 14@1a higher for Western
stocks, and their improvement was lost. Coal
stocks declined from to 31Ila per cent Fea-
lures were Delaware, Lackawana and West
and Essex, Lake Shore, Western Union and
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
New Floods In the Danube.
fEupnial IN tho nomoorat

VIENNA, June 1.-THE Danube rose sud-
denly yesterday, overflowing it's banks. The
rise was caused by the melting of snow on
the Carpathian Alps. This will again delay
the Russian operations
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
senator Ferry's Recovery Likely.
Especial to the Democrat.]

fI.I
DETROIT, Mich, June 11.--A telegram re-
eeived from Grand Haven last evening an
nounces that Senator Ferry rested and slept
well up to 5 p. m. His symptoms are more
favorable and his friends are more confident
Of his recovery.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
A PENNSYLVANIA Hanging.
Especial to the Democrat.l

ISpBGIA 70 tn6 DBmOCFHGJ
PHILADELPHIA, June 1.-THE execution OF
George w. Fletcher, for the murder Of James
Handy, in November, 1875, took place at Moy-
amensing prison at o'clock to-day
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The Floo d i'm Wolf River.

MEMPHIS, June 1.-THE flood in Wolf river
has caused break of over a mile on the
Memphis and Louisville Railroad, and now
there are no trains running on any of the five
roads leading out of this city. The damage
on the Little Rock road will be repaired TO
to-day, and train Is expected to go out this
evening
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Five Russian Torpedo Boats sunk.

tsp c1al 10 th6 D5bI OUFab.J
LONDON, June 11.-Admiral Mustaphus
states that five Russian torpedo boats were
destroyed while attacking the Turkish IRON
clads at the Sulina mouth of the Danube.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
The Legitlmists will Vote for the DlssOlll~
tiOn of the Assembly.
Especial to the Democrats

Especial to the Uemocrat.l
PARIS, June lin consequence of satis-
factory assurances which have been given to
Legitimist deputation, the Legitimists will
vote for dissolution.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
CRIMES AND CASUALTIES.
No Habeas Corpus for Him.

T5DBtIHI 70 ING Ub1nOCfHt.1
ST. LOUIS, June 11-Judge Dillon, of the
United States Circuit Court, refused to grant
a writ Of habeas corpus in the case Of the
United States VS.. Schaffenberg, late United
States Marshal of Colorado, who is now In
the Kansas penitentiary.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12

New YORK, June II. : Hon. Clarkson N.
Potter, who was thrown from his carriags at
his residence In New Rochelle, on Friday, had
a rib fractured, consequently he will not be
Roanoke College in Virginia tomorrow even
inu
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12

CoNsTANTINoPLE, June 11.-Eight hundred
Circassians are reported to have been sent to
Tartar Bazardpik, to be distributed among the
Bulgarian villages in order to repress any
attempt at insurrection.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-06-12
Coal Men on the strikp.


PoTTsvIDLE, June 11.-Eleven hundred en-
ployes In seven collieries of the Iehigh and
Wilkesbarre Company, have struck against
reduction OF their wages.