davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1877-05-24
Road Notice.

NOTICE Is hereby given that a petition will
~ be present ed to he mmissiouers of bel.
mont county Ohio. at their next session, 10
be held on the first Monday of June. 1877. pray
ing for an alteration OF the County Road lead
ing from the Dulles Bottom Road through the
lands of Alex Stitt. James Orr and Jas Chick,
70 the Eckels' Miil Road, on the following de.
scribed route. TO wit; BEGINNING for the same
At a point east OF James Orr's house, where the
line dividing lands OF James Orr and James
Chick crosses the said County Road. being in
thence nortbward on the line between said
James Orr and James Chick and between
ands OF said Chick and Conrad Ault to q
point near the south boundary Of Alex Wiley's
lands; thence bearing westward on the line
dividing lands of said Ault and Wiley, as
near as practicable to the line of division be-
tween said Wiley and Jane and Margaret
Fulton; thence with said dividing line to
where an old road iutersects the Eekels' Mil
Road, on section 80, in Said tcwnsbip.
May 8, '7T.-5t. PETITroNsR
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1877-05-24
Master Commissioners Sale.
F. NJ. Atkinson
vs..

F. NJ. Atkinson
W..
Jonathan BOrdley ct. al.
N pursuance of an order of the Court o
Common Pleas of Felmont county, Ohio
made at the January term thereof A. d. lS7
in the above entitled action, and to me duly
Issued. will offer for sale at tubiio Auction OF
Friday, May Is, 1877,
at O'Clock afternoon, at the door Of the Cour
uouse of said county. in 1t. ClaiIsviile, Ohio
the following described Real EstaIe, with the
appurtensnces, As the property of the defen-
dsnI, Jonathan Bordley, viz;
FIRST TRACT-Siruate in the county of Bel
mont and State Of Ohio. commencing at the
northwest corner Of the southeast quar- ei OF
section q, township Z. of range 8. south lo
west 1852. .65 pOIes thence north $50 west 40 poles
10 tn place OF beginning, containing 40 acres,
roods and ~ perches.
SECOND TRACT-Also the east half ofthe east
half of the southwest quarter of section "a
tow uship ], range 6. containing 40 cIes, more
Or less.
Appraised at 81. .76s 81.
TermS-Cash.
]. W. SHANNON,
JONES' Atty. Mast. Commissioner
Apr 26. lS78-ts.
Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1877-05-24
mn SaNDERSON

r,ap he consulted at Frazier House, Baruesvills
ON the Sd and 4th, and At Mcclure HOUSE
Wheeiipg. On the 5th pf every month.
Feb 18th, '76-u
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-07-29

citation. The man that made millions woon o,,
whose passion swept over hearts like tho nn'
roofing wind. who renewed in his gothic proa,-
ness the traditions OF the BEST because the most
vital, stage art. lives in the mcagre annals oftho
press by reason Of his misfortuncs and erroro
not by virtue of his noblcst gifts and mo,n,r,'
BILE triumphs.
Mr.. Algcr's presentation of what intnroe,,r~
in the mans career is worthy Of prnise Dan, 80
think he might have portrayed the actor win
equal profit to our art literature. Perha,ab,
was too far removed from the atmosphere ~,
the theatre. too cffectualy shut of 10y the tas,os
and duties 81 n clergyman and scholar from tbo
fcvorish world Of amuscmcnts. to catch tho coi,.
and spirit Of the scenes that he paints. AT ali
events. he leaves upon the minds of those Of No
who never saw Forrest only the vagu,.t inn.
preston Of tho character of his gifts and ,ha
proportion and details Of his genius Tba
stream Of vitality Is thcrc, certainly. bl, lito
one Of those Western rivers, ii flows boi,yoon
massive walls. and the Hight falls only on ths
rhetorical cliffs that reach the clouds
We lay down the two volumes with tho b,lIo,
that M the years roll on and carry us AWAY from,
the immediate vicinity OF these events. m,
colossal figure will grow larger and softer in
the background OF recollection. to hang for
other generations like IA mirage sun-w,yen IN
the past Then will come the regret that Mr.
Alger or some other loving and contemno.
raneous scribe did not catch the true outline,
and preserve for us the minute vcritics Of ons
of the most remarkable actors of any age.
A & w
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-07-29
The Romance OF Life Insurance.

Ono Of tho most suripbtI,, ,rI ,ooJott..
recont hools ia n li,,lr y,l,,,, ,.,,i',,'t,'
Cbicn.,o lt.,a.n NcrL,r,, 1r' )"
tbe souo,vhn, inf,li.itone ,i,i. - ~, t,'.
or,. Ron,oncs ~ ne crso, D;rid,t,s ~
This ononvmous storv soroo ,ta,as',N".'v III
society mr.. ,,or,rnyed With GIel,,, a'I
rho writer sbn,ss ,,,,,,nrs ~ a',u 9'',',
nroiecting cboroctor ,,ltah ',,,,l,, :, u''
Lonrtv roco,,ni,ion rto s,,.,o - -,
correc, vo, mo-, conyo,',ia,a1. a,I =, I. ""'
cbnro,,.ris,i, ro,.o frl,,, ,..,..t,,
rho ,,,,,r s,,,,,s =, ho 49,, ,i,, ~
legitimate ono ~ rloosir,, ,ha rao1ar ', w.,
boob ia NOT mol, 10 olla,, ,..,.,as
Iis,r,,s, ~ iif., ins,r,,,,,' -, 10 F''"'
obi ,L,, oi,i,,,,.h no., no.. -, - '',
,..,i'',, '''''''s'
,i,,,,ar -, Iii -. - - o., -
,co,J. ~, i,,,,,,..
tr.i,, sr,,', ,i''i, wa W 81 ~ "''' ~ i'
In Ma nrs, ,.,,',,or Tho ,,....-
thin,,s .,I,n,, ,l,n Nv, vi ,,irI a. III.
With socio,,. ho ,nus 49,, -, a,,,. 80
called provipcial o,r,, a,in. I,o,o 80, ,,,,',,,.
In undnrst,ndin,, sha ,hor,,for ,',., ','
moro sb, must mnnoro II or NJ loaa, r,ua,
look of,or bor oven i,,tnr,., in +, No,, IN ',,.
courtrios ANA in mot n,hor ,,or,s ~ ,i,,s.,',.
try scbnmrs n,ntrimoniai arr r,oinlv ,,.,s1a',
md for,ynr,IoJ h,, ,,or,,,,os ,.r aIl',I, 49,
friends Inf is,,nint.i an, ~, ,hori,o, ,i.
story TINT in Now York society,", tbe voun,, t,,ia.
Themselves nrc so much ,norc ndroi, a,,I s,,'.
cessful in arranging mu,tars for ,ho,,,s.i,o.
That thev nrnctinoIlv Iostrnv ,he usefuln..so,
the old n.onle Novolists have lon,,ia,,,.,,.,t
over the oc.r,s ~ exnerinrrod h't -.
virgins IN GOT bomsel,.s n,nrri,I I'm, ,,,, ,a.
and fuIlv ,1nt,r.I nlon 80 fr,sh md oha,,',a',
younr woman to arrnm,iish ,lis oI,.,s ~,
laughing mnttor. Tho n,,thnr traces Tor ,a ,L,
admirable schemes Ia which =, Nv ynrL d,,nsJ
will have recourse md tbov b,sorvo i, our
oninion IN be npviously .,,prod o,I a..
liberatalv wondered mo, Iv c,n,c,,,',rarv
vouth In tho nr.t ,loco tho p,od.s, md o,in,
some mi .tress Of ,ho si,ua,i,n Joas na, o.n.
herself nj ,b,. b.a,i ~ Lor ho,,'.,I sor n,,s,'.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-07-29

the peculiar echoes Of the hole and half in our
maginations. am going TO crawl in"
by Fucr's earnest advice decided to enter
the cnvc backward SO that, in an emergency. |
might scramble out with the more expedition.
| lit the dark lantern and tied one end Of our
! rope under my arms. The other end gave to
| Fuller " If | call out" said. pull with all
all your might. and If necessary. take n double
turn around the oak" Then | backed slowly
| and cautiously down into the Cave OF the Splur-
glrs.
Before my head and shoulders had left the
daylight felt both ankles grnsped from below
with powerful grip, and knew that | was
being drawn with superhuman strength down
| into the bowels OF the hill. | shouted 10 Fuller
in desperation. but my cry was almost drowned
| ny ringing pealot terrible. triumphant laugh
ter. | saw my companion jump toward the
trunk Of big tree. He did his best 10 save me,
but his foot caught In the juniper bushes. and
he fell To the ground. tho rope slipping from his
Tear bcnumbed fingers. My own fingers caught
In vain mt the loose dirt ut the mouth OF the
holc. The power that dragged me downward
was rrcsstiblc. My eyes met his and MS were
iuloi horror God help your nc eIleu' us
tho dnrkness closed around me.
A was pulled down and down with CON
stahtiy Increasing speed. lost my terror IN the
strange cAhilarntion oil tho motion. iancied
mat l was nying express train tearing
through tne night knew not cared not
Wh'lher' ihere WIS. aIlEht BOAT lowed IN the
n'ss'hg "hke Oh swirl steamer inc roar oil
| inc water ''ok inc rhythm oil the singing rush
lns sensation mat precedcs swoon' and con-
sclousn'ss leIt mo.
Inc hrst oil my senses TO return a'tcr an In
definite lapse OF time. was that of taste. The
TASTE was mat oil in,omparaoIy good brandy
ne II reVlVlhg. lou nee attend no longer
sald voice. harsh' yet not unklnd.
lopened my eyes and looked around me.
lay in a small apartment upon comfortable
couch On every aide heavy curtains limited
inc hr'd OF vision. Thc one striking pecu-
Ilarity OF the place Is difficult TO describe. for II
involves a quality which has no exact equiya-
tent III any oil the languages which men speak.
Every OBJECT was seii-luminous. radiating light.
40 10 speak instead oil rejecting 1t. The GRIM
son drapery shone with n crimson glow. and
YET IL was opaque-not even translucent.
s'ahd OF curious workmanship beside tho
eou'h was apparently wrought In copper. and
YET the COPPER glowed as II copper wero source
oil lght Tho tall person who stood over me.
LOOKING down into my face with friendly and
compassionate regard. was also self-luminous.
HIS features rndiatod light; his hands radiatrd
light; his gcntlemanly apparel radiated light;
even his boots. which bore an immaculate poll
ish. shone with an lndescribablc sort Of radiant
blaekness | believe chat | could have read
newspaper by the light OF his boots alone.
Inc eject OF this singular phenomenon was
SO Graesque that was impolite enough to
laugh aloud.
Iardon me- | said. but you look 50
ueu'rny ike chinese lantern that can
Heip IT,
see hothihg 10 excite mirth' he gravclyre-
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

RAILROAD DISASTER AT THE WEST
An accident occurred on the Rock Island
railroad at Four Mile Creek, seven miles
from Des Moines, Ia, on Wednesday
morning, Goth ult., by which passenger
car was wrecked and Is or 20 persons were
killed. At the time a tremendous shower
of rain prevailed. The creek, which in or
binary times has but little water, is span
ned by an arched culvert, which Is sup
ported, as au additional precaution, by
wooden piles resting on a stone foundation.
The train was the Pacific express from Chi
cago, and consisted Of an engine, Barnum's
advertising car, one baggage car, three
coaches and sleeping car, and was run
ming at ordinary speed. 1t approached the
culvert, and the engine ran partly across,
when there was a sudden crash, and all but
the sleeper, which became detached, went
down the chasm. The engine was thrown
against the embankment, across the open
ing. Barnum's advertising car, next the
engine, was completely demolished, the
baggage car crushing clear through it TO the
opposite bank along the engine, and par
TALLY covering it. The first car telescoped
lDo SeCOuu, anu DOlu Vi lueS6 went halfway
through The third, and the three lay with
their ends in the water. The sleeping car
remained on the track at the end of the cul-
vert, and the occupants escaped unhurt.
The most of the killed were in the car in
front of the sleeping car. 1t is supposed
that while the rain had undermined the
arch, the rails held by their fish-bars, re-
NAMED in place, presenting to the engineer
the appearance of perfect track, and lur-
ing him on to the destruction that followed.
The scene at the time of the accident is
thus described: A terrific rain was falling
in torrents, accompanied by wind, light
ming and violent thunder. The crash put
out the lights, and the scene of terror which
ensued may be imagined. The men who
were not injured and could get out went to
work at once TO rescue the living and
wounded. They had TO go a mile TO a farm
house 10 get axes to chop them out, but
they worked heroically, aud by daylight
had most of the wounded rescued. There
were many pitiful scenes and lender Incl
! dents. One mother was killed while sit
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

The Rev. L. w. Frink, of the Baptist
denomination, ofIiclated at the Congrega-
tional church last Sunday morning.
-Messrs. Halle, Frost q Co. have shut
down their factory two weeks for repairs.
Our village schools begun their fall
term last Monday with nearly the same
corps of teachers as we're employed during
the summer.
Quite large number left here Monday
morning in consequence of the closing of
Halle, Frost Il Co.'S factory, some for their
homes, others for visiting and pleasure ex-
petitions.
Rev. L. w. Friuk closed his labors re-
Gently with the Baptist church of this place.
1t Is much to be regretted, for his presence
among us aud his genial manners have
made him numerous warm friends end as
sociates. His labors with the church have
been highly appreciated by his parishion-
ers. His many friends and supporters
wish him success in his Christian work.
The planet Mars, accompanied by his
two recently discovered satellites, was an
object of much admiration here last San
day evening. The surrounding bodies
could be plainly distinguished with the
naked eye, and not few witnessed the
novel exhibition. d.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

PROGRAMME FOR THE wINDHAM COUNTY
CATTLE SHOW AND FAIR AT NEwFANE,
WEDNESDAY AND THURLDAY, SEPT 18TH
AND 18th, 1877.
Wednesday, Sept 12h.-9 A. NJ. All en-
tries of stock, fruit, vegetables, samples of
field crops, products Of the dairy, maple
sugar and manufactures to be made at the
office of the secretary. Entries of house
hold and fancy articles TO be made at the
hall.
10 A. NJ. The board of managers will
meet at the hall, TO fill vacancies in the sew
eral committees. All committees are par
ticularly requested 10 be present at this
meeting.
Jpn. Exhibition of trained and work.
ing oxen, and trained steer calves.
2P. All horses for exhibition must
be presented TO the committee at the judges
stand, prepared TO pass twice around the
track for inspection by the committee.
BPM. Address by Prof. N. Cressy, of
Massachusetts Agricultural College.
Thursday, Sept. 13h.-0 A. NJ. Exhibit
ton of first class horses.
l0A. NJ. Exhibition and trotting of third
class horses.
IL A. M. Trot for geldngs and mares
four years old or under.
100 p. M. Potato race for three prizes,
SO, 50 and 81.
las p. NJ. Trot for all horses of the coun-
ty.
2.45 P. NJ. Foot race for three prizes, s.,
SO and 50.
3P.M. The society will meet to choose
officers and hear report Of committees on
premiums.
Music by the Grafton Cornet Band.
Marshal, Col. +. G. Butterfield.
The proprietors of the Cooley Portable
Creamery will exhibit the invention in full
operation at the fair.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

THE TERRIBLE FAMINE IN INDIA.--The
editor Of the Madras Times, a member Of
the reliefcommittee, writes August 1.-THE
population in southern India more or less
affected by the famine numbers $4,000, 900.
In the most favorable circumstances, at
least one-sixth Of the people will die. The
famine here is UNNECESSARILY greater than
was that in Bengal. Ia Madras, no camp
OF 5000 rises morning amer morning with
out leaving 80 corpses. In The interior the
distress Is most fearful. One gentleman
passing down a valley in Wynasd district
counted 20 dead bodies on the road. A cof-
fee planter seeking shelter from the rain in
hut found six decomposing corpses in it.
Every day mothers are seen in the streets
of Madras offering children for sale, while
the foundling portions of poor-houses are
full of infants found by the police on the
roads, deserted. Since the famine COM
menced 100000 people have died of want
and distress. The first big tragedy may be
expected in Mysore province. Two cases
OF cannibalism are already reported"
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07
Jacksonville.

j. b. Chase lately lost valuable horse.
Frank Crosier, the well-known artist,
is taking pictures here the present week.
r. d. Brown goes from Nottingham as
grand juryman, and L. s. Allen as petit
juror, TO attend the session of the county
court 10 commence on the 1lth inst.
The High school commenced on the Sd
inst. with an unusually large attendance.
Fall feed very fine; apple yield light
potato crop good, though slightly affected
by rot.
Nottingham has the honor ~ Of hav-
ing been the birth place of Brigham Young
whose death is announced.
Lyman Lynde, who died very sudden
ly on the Sd inst, was a good citizen and a
man much respected. He was brother OF
John Lynde late of Guilford.
John Corkins fell from his barn on the
31st ult., seriously ipjuring his neck and
fracturing his skull. He lies in very crit
ical condition.
On Friday, the 2lst ult., about eighty
of the relatives and friends of Mr.. and Mrs.
Henry p. Gates assembled at their resi-
dence, giving them an agreeable surprise,
to celebrate the fillh anniversary of their
marriage. Various articles were present.
ed, with several dollars in money. 1t was
very social and enjoyable occasion.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

VIOLENT CONTRADICTIONS continue to be
the distinguishing feature of the Eastern
war news. We are told from one source
that the attack on the Scbipka Pass was all
but abandoned by the Turks on Friday, and
that the Russian Chief of Staff considered
the danger at that point as over. From
Turkish source comes the announcement
that the attack was recommended on Satur-
day and that the effective strength of the
defending force has been reduced by one
half. The battle of Karasau is considered
by the Russians as a very triiiing reverse
by the Turks as a great victory. The re-
cent fight at Pelisat is the subject of equal
ly contradictory claims in respect to its du-
ration and results. However the truth may
be, IL Is evident that neither Mehemet Ali
nor Osman Pasha have yet achieved their
proposed object. The great encampment
between the Yantra and the Osma is still
intact. If the Turks we're really confident
of their ability TO sweep the invaders back
to the Danube, it is hardly likely that the
same dispatch which announces decisive
Victories" would bring news ola command
that the twenty-four detached forts which
are TO protect Adrianople shall be ready by
the beginning of winter.-N. Y. Times.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

Ten thousand cotton operatives of Boil
ton, England are on a strike.
The public debt decreased nearly four
millions last month.
e. L. Davenport, the actor, died at Can
ton, Pa, last Saturday forenoon.
The explosion of a steam threshing ma
chine in Canadian township last Saturday
killed one man and severely injured four
others.
Trouble still exists In the Pennsylvania
mining region, and fears are expressed that
the Molly Magures are plotting mischief
Alvin Adams, father of the Adams ex-
press business and company, died last Sat
urday night at his home in Wstertown,
near Boston. He was Vermont boy, and
began business in the produce line in Bos-
ton.
Mr.. Charles Young, a son OF The late
Brigham Young, has settled in Pinckney,
Mich, and begun the practice of the law.
He was graduated from the Law depart
nent Of Michigan University.
Somebody found stray lad at Spring
field, o., and supposing him to be the long
lost Charlie Ross, took him TO Philsdelphiaj
but the Ross family failed to recognize in
him their own child.
1t is rumored that a new direct cable
line between New York and France, and
another from San Francisco across the Pa.
eide are projected.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

AN AMERICAN ON HIS TRAvELs.-The
Colorado beetle is iDgratating himself
abroad and although no public ovations
are held in his honor he takes immediate
possession of "the freedom Of the city,"
without waiting for it to be offered, and
settles down to business. A Berlin dispatch
reports that he is doing more damage at
Schildan than at Mulheim, and has spread
himself over twenty-five acres of neigh
boring town. The indignant population
are feeding him on benzoline, an article
which he detests. In the Glasgow post Of
flee the other day tin canister was found
in the mail matter from America filled
with Colorado beetles; and a beetle was
lately found in a mail car, supposed to have
escaped from a similar package. Ameri-
cans must refrain from sending such sow
enirs to friends abroad, unless they wish to
involve us in international complications
Boston Journal.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07

The Cougregationalist people are put
ting bay window on the south end of
their parsonage and are making other i'm
provements, which will add much TO the
premises.
-Four members were added to the Bap-
list church last Sunday by immersion.
j. d. Barber has on his premises a
black raspberry bush, growing out of the
wharfing on the south end of his house,
which has two main branches, one running
east and measuring Is feet inches, the
other running west 10 feet 6 inches In length,
and smaller branches that have grown from
the two main branches measure in the ag-
gregate $50 feet.
Leland q Gray seminary opened its
fall term last week Monday, the Sd, re-
port says there are rs pupils.
The school house which has stood in
this village nearly sixty years, was taken
down last week. The workmen are now
busily engaged in laying the foundation for
new one, which will be erected soon as
may be.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07
Wilmington.

The annual Fair of the Wilmington
agricultural Society will be holden Tues
day, Oct. 2, 1877. Neighboring towns are
invited to attend and participate in the
Fair.
The Wilmington High school under
the charge of Mr.. Dexter l.. Stone, has
made a successful opening with fOrty-three
scholars. ~a
Professor Butterfield of Boston Univer-
sity gave a very inte esting lecture last
Monday evening at the Methodist church
upon the Science of Language.
Lewis Smith, lawyer of ST. Joseph,
Missouri,'is visiting his brother, Deacon
Ruel Smith of this towp, and other friends
In the vicinity.
Rev. Mr.. Rockwell is enjoying a visit
with his parents who have just arrived
from Illinois. His father will preach at the
M. L. church next Sunday.
Rev. Mr.. Fowler of the Baptist church,
who has been having a three weeks, vaca-
ton, has returned, and last Sunday admin
istered the ordinance of baptism TO young
lady who united with the church. Y.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07
Putney.

A matched game of base ball bstween
the Bratteboro nine and the Putney nine
was played on Crawf ord's meadow last Fri
day afternoon, the Brattleboro boys win
ming with score of 10 to 9. or the many
matched games which the Putney club have
played this;game was conspicuous for the
sentlemanly department of the visiting
club.
The DummeIston brass hand favored
the citizens of Putney with fine selection
of music last Saturday evening. 1t is TO be
hoped that the band will be more neighbor-
ly in the future.
"A select school was opened Monday,
Sept. Sd, by Mr.. WIN. Moor of Dartmouth
college. The school numbers about 40 stu
dents. II.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1877-09-07
Relief without a Doctor.

Though we would by no means be understood as
deprecating, but rather recommending, profession
al aid in disease. there multitudes Of instances
when it is neither necessary or easy to obtain. A
family provided with comprehensive household spe-
cihe like Holsters Stomach Bitters is possessed Of
medicinal resource adequate to most emergencies in
which medical advice would otherwise be needful
That sterling tonic and corrective invariably rene
dies and is authorativey recommended for debility,
indigestion liver disorder, irregular habit Of body,
urinary and uterine troubles, incipient rheumatism
and govt, and many other ailments Of frequent oc-
eurrence. 1t erAdieates and prevents intermittent
and remittent fevors, relieves mental dependency,
checks premature decay, and nyigorAtes the
aud muscular tssuet. Sleep, digestion and appetite
are promoted by it, aud il 10 extremely useful in over
coming the effects OF exhaustion and exposure.