The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-08-05
Where Peter the Great Came Near Losing
His Army and His Empire.
AN IGNOMlNIOUS RUSSIAN DEFEAT.
Remarkable Tact and Courage of the
Czarina Catherine.

the Earl OF Lincoln. Motley had special facilities Tor
acquiring full and accurate Information concerning
events in the history OF Russia, having been at the
Court OF ST. Petersburg as an accredited agent OF the
English government TIE work decided
leaning the part OF the author to Russia and dspo-
sition to hAd for OF the atrocious
deeds performed by tho carly sovercigns OF that En-
pre- Notwithstanding this tho names OF all the lead
ing nobility Of England are printed as subscribers 10
the volume In this war Turkey took the Initiative
and Won the day. The part referring TO
the action taken by tho Czarina Catherine
at the juncture whom tho flIe Of Russia troubled in
the balance must give exalted idea Of thee great
force OF character and presence OF mind of that
markable woman, besides anordng thrilling his
torcal episode. /, after the battle of Putowa,
where Charles NIL OF Sweden defeated by Peter
tho Great and tho former rereated into Turkey. Tho
narrative OF tho historian continues as folows:-
CHARLES THE SULTAN
"Chares. In tho meantime, had been well received
In Turkey, which gave him hopes OF being assisted
with powerful army to mako fresh head against his
rival IN glory; and he the assured Of this
since the Grand vizicr had told the Swedish General
Count Pohatowski, that he would take the King Of
Sweden one hand and his sword tho other and lead
him to Moscow at the head of 300 900 But Count
Iolstoy, the Czar's envoy managed matters we'll at
the Sublime Porto that tho talk OF this war soon
ceased, aud greater honors paid to him than any
Russian Minister had ever received at Constantnope
before Notwithstanding this, the Grand VizIer, who
had thus gone of from tho King OF Sweden to his
envy, being deposed. the next who succeeded him dur
Ing very short administration had made such an al
crati6n In affairs that he determined tho Sultan TO
allow the King OF Sweden considerable body OF
to reconduct him into Poland. Count Tostoy endea-
vored to oppose this by tho sharpes rcmonstrances
and sending advice OF tito the Gear. His Majesty
letter to tho Grand seignor, dated from ST. Peters
burg the 9th OF july ITO, complaining OF this viola
ton of the thirty years treaty of peace concluded be-
tween him and the late Sultan Musapha, his brother,
by lending such assistance 10 his enemy to bring him
again into Poland when he might freely pass by divers
other routes with safety into his own dominions
DECLARED.
But this letter made alteration In the resolutions
taken " the Porte, which AFTER by the influence
OF tho new Grand vizer aud tho Cham Of Tartary,
declared war with HIS Czarsh Majesty. In the
month Of March, I'LL, the Grand Vlzor, having ado
the necessary dispositions for the campaign went
Of Constantnopc to put himself at the head OF the
Ottoman army, which was assembled at Adranopolo,
from whence he caused them dccamp and take the
route OF the Danube. The Cars Minister bong
prsoped and his couricrs stopped the OF
Turkey no could not DO informed of what done
Cons,antnopc, but learned much by other hands
to be able give orders DO In field before the
Azoph, whittier he scpt vico Admiral yandercruys
with 800 good sea officers and leaving to Prince Menz
Koff the command Of hts forces by and land In
Llvonia, Ingra and Fruland he set out himself from
ST. Petersburg TO Moscow that he might the more
readily attend his levies and despatch numerous
army INTO the Ukraine.
THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE.
"The Generals Rcpun, Alard and Gallczn con-
Quoted in three columns across Poland the best part
Of shc that
Lhhuana, which increased to hundred
thousand men Tho Welt Mareschal Czercneton who
already the frontiers at the head OF his army
received 80 600 OF tho evcs; the Prince
Romanowdowski had orders TO advance with tho
militia against tho Tartars, and besides these His
Majesty had madc n treaty with Apaka Taauin Prince
oil the Calmuc Tartars who sent hun %, 900 men, for
winch the Gear paid him 100 900 ducats In specie
Thus, without reckoning the troops that remained
under the command OF Prince MonzikoT or tho Coz
Jacks, HIS Czarish Majesty had got together an army
oil 10000 men, all regular troops, to 80 against
favorable opportunity fall upon tho Procopan Tur
tars, his euemes, brought So Camuc Iartars into
| Dorzowski aud Norowski Tartars, VINO are Tho
borders and occupy The ranparts OF the Crimea
AN IMPERIAL MANIFESTO
''His Czarish Majesty now published q long mani
ieso. setting forth tho reasons oil his entering
with that peridious breaker of peace as called
him, Achmet, Sultan vi the Turks but before this
declaration was mado public tho Tartars had begun
hoslies, and the CHAINS son and the King OF Sweden
both published long manesoes The Cham
AZ the head OF 100000 men, his commanded
| $4,000 and the PalatlDc Potocky followed them at
the mead of 10000 more, got together from all
nations. The Tartars, who ne,ghbors TO the
Douski Cossacks and mad engaged them to revolt be-
gan their hostlites the side OF Az,pb, but their
campaign lasted long, Tor having advanced rs lar
as lzum and pIliuged the country about IL and de-
ieated 900 5000 Russians, they march d of with
equipment OF the Turks upon the Black Sea- made cx-
traurdinary preparations on that side lifting
| y a % or Yes IN
great NUMBER In winch 1000 men were embarked;
but The waters OF the Don were so low that tho large
vessels became useless, and the SUCCESS OF tho
paign aordins little occasion Tor the TURKISH fleet
there was nothing done on TINS side.
nnrisn INFLUENCE
During all these preparations both sides the
Queen of Great Britain aud the States General Of the
United Provinces offered trer advice 10 tho King OF
sweden to make peace but he was resolved to hear
nothing OF It, Notwithstanding the III posture OF his
affairs, not doubling out That by the assistance OF the
TURKS nc should again triumph over his cnemcs
Peter, the other hand, seeing that part OF MS
troops the Dneister into his enemys country
and nobody yet to oppose them coud hot nep Halter
lug himself with hopes that Heaven nad dcspated The
honor to him Of ov,rthr0wug the formidable empire
OF the Oomans and eAaltng the Cross those places
where tho Crescent had so Ioag triuinphed.
OVER CoNFDEscE
'But herein HIS Czarsn Majesty was too sanguinc,
and took fatal step that had Ike 10 De the ruin o
himself ana his country Tor rcyiug upon the supplies
promised him b. Brancovan, spod.T Of Wa.lachiI,
who deceived him. lie suffered himself to be shut up
by the Turkish army on the side OF The River Prut In
post so disadvantagcous that he Must have been
cyiabiy lost mad IL not been Tor the management and
affection OF the Czarna Catherine at tnis critical juuc
turc.
TIE RUSSIANS sURRoUSDED.
|. The Tarks with 200 pieces oi lcld artillery had
drawn close GORDON around the Russian army, ana
preparing morning Tor an assault which must
have enucd IN success, as ttc Eussans mad become
dcmoraiizod. when the Czarina Catherine, seeing
the c0nsterna.ion that prevailed made uso OF
the power she mad over tue mind oi Tue Car
to put stop TO the dangerous effects which his un-
daunted age might at this time have produced.
she entered into his tent, and there throwing herself
at MS icci, with tears IN her eyes besceched nm 10
consider what might be TIE dreadful CONSEQUENCES Of
the day II was glorious, sho said, To vanqusn, but
less TO yield when reduced TO the cOndition
which they iound themselves. Behold continued
she, your distressed army; view the aining soldiers,
who haidlv support their arms; their courage has
loft them win tneir strength Tor want o the most
common ssar.cs'
n GOOD ADVICE.
% 10 leadvhem on 10 tn. enemy would expose them
To slOllu or