The New York herald., 1877-09-22

hardships and privations OF frontier life, skilled 10
providing Tor himself by thousand expedenta
which would not occur one educated in moro civ
lzed school he saw nothing alarming IN the prospect
his chief ordered him TO ''go find Livingstone
DC was prepared 10 obey at and without cavil.
was Grand thing for stanley to do and he deserves
the glory he will receive from It, but there are hun
creds II not thousands OF other Americans who would
have undertaken IL readilyand accomplished It az
successfully he. We praise Stanley. but we claim
the credit OF his work Tor the Americans nation
From the Phila delpha Ledger Sept. gil
staniey's wonderful success the leader OF thu
African explorations set on foot by the NEW YoRH
HERALD and London Telegraph, is typcally American
well characteristic OF the His predecessors
had shown largo and admirable degree OF courage.
patience, endurance and iorttude under very dis.
couragirg conditions 1t remained for him to display
all those qualities in that stl higher dcgree that
fused be set back by any difficulty, however great
any obstacle however insurmountablo II might look
to other Dyes auy danger however threatening or
appalling it might be- To his superior development
oi these qualities Stanley added the cearest percep.
ton bis detectives aud OF the right methods OF
pursuing them, and directness and persistence Of
pursuit until the end gained that have been ex.
hbited by other African explorer, great as tho
merits OF his colaborers and predecessors unques-
tionaoiy are With all Of Lvingstonc's marvellous
in the last seven years of his African ex-
porations no Intelligent reader OF his Last
Journals" can fail 10 be sorrowfully impressed with
tho delays perplex,iies and anxietes brought upon
him because OF his uncertainty OF movement and the
a"a a' e. view o ns ooecsve anu
such pre-eminent degree Aud 1t must be said too,
.hat sIaniey's great strength came out precisely
whero that of his immediate predecessor, Commander
Cameron. gave way. Cameron made march
Africa that occupied nearly three years the
initial movement. near Zanzibar, on the east coast,
until he emerged on the west coast the Portuguese
settlement at Benguela, on tho Atlantic, and yet SO
far AS the two principal purposes OF that dcul
and patient achievement are concerned the march was
prohtless Cameron, soon alter he started from the
Zanzibar coast learned of the death of Livingstone
and that object Of his search being disposed Of he
then determined to try TO solve the problem Of tho
Laalaba and Congo rivers, and, as connected WITH
that TO examine the Lukuga, Offset IN Lake
Tanganyika To ascertain whether the Lukuga drained
that lake toward tho waters OF the Lualaba River.
These were his objectives plainly enough mapped out
but he accom- pish cd neither, because the dnicuea
proved to be TOO great for him 10 surmount survey
Of the mouth OF the Lukuaa, or rather of few miles
OF its waters near their junction with the lake showed
him the bed OF the III river 1t bel choKed With
heavy grass that he could not get through without the
continual cutting OF passage for his canoes. THIS
obstruction deferred him. and, concluding tnsuilic.
he passed on to the Lualasa At Nyangwe. to endsavoi
to track that TO tho Congo, and identify the
two great rivers as one under dilcrsn. names Here:
sell him canoes, and they told him OF the impaca
BILE hostility hat Stanley found TO his cost of the
tvcs down tho river against every one attempting to
pass through their country After two three futile
essays at nanking the hostile country by look.
ing Tor circuitous routes roach mo river
n, lower point no was compelled to
abandon the attempt altogether, and SO, turning away
from the valley Of tho Luala6a he marched south.
westwardy through the country the OF the
Portuguese traders TO the Atlantic coast az Bensueia
Stanley encountered and ovorcame all the obstacles
that set Cameron back and caused his failure he
pcrienced the terribly fatal attacks made upon his
party by the natives of the Luaaba country the dam
gers against which Cameron warned
Nyangw6 but hcroicaliy he cut his through all OBJ
stacles and dangers These were tho results OF his
n,In Af
object, and OF his greater activity and energy OF move
ment; and these are his American as well AS personal
characteristics Beyond all question: he possesses the
highest gifts among living explorers Of funknown and
forbiddng and hostile regions, and has achieved the
self and high credit for the HERALD and London
Telegraph
not to be found on many OF thenaps in popular use.
They arc shown texcept as TO the contribution Of tho
course oil the Lualaba or Congo) on the maps in Lv
Ipgstone's 'ast Journals;'' also in Commander Cam
eron's book and toeraby well in the Africa
in the new edition of Appleton's Cycopgd:a. What
Stan iey has accomplished not easy to understand
without reference to some sucn maps In the equuto
rial regions OF Africa, between i've degrees OF North
latitude and about ten degrees Of south latitude and
between the meridans OF twenty-five and thirty live
degrees Of longitude east from Greenwich, are three
systems oil lakes. One Of these, right under ths
Equator, Is composed Of the great bodies Of water
known as the Victoria and Albert Nyanzas [rhe syt
lables nya' in this last word are from native word,
to the southwark and westward OF the Nyanzas,
composed OF u number Of smaller lakes-Bangweoia
All these sro strung together by a serici
OF connecting streams, flowing IN gen
eral northery direction, and having different
names, until they Gnd their final outlet in the Lua-
luba demonstrated to bo the upper roach Of tho
Congo. These streams perform the Same function Tor
the lakes named the Straits of Mackinsc, the ST.
Clair, the Detroit aud the Niagara ior great
chain OF lakes, which finally make the ST. Lawrence,
as their African congeners mako the Congo 1t wac
among the malari0us marshes OF Lake Bangweolo,
demonstrated by Stanley 10 be feeder OF tho
Congo. that the amented Livingstone contracted the
fever that cost him his life, and he was exploring
them under the strong hope IL not the firm belief thai
there tho ultimate fountains and OF the
NiIc
There is q third lake system between the other two,
but IN the same region composed OF single lake
Tangany yika-whlch, SO Tar as IS yet known, has no
outlet Stanley has clearly defined the relations Of all
three of these systems, showing that the Lukuga IS
outlet OF Lake Tanganyika; that Tanganyika
has connection with the great Nyanzas; that the
Nyanzas with their afluents the ultimate sources
of the NIlc and that Lakes Bangweolo Moero, VI.
engo, Lincoln and their connecting streams are tho
head waters OF the Congo, which must now take its
place among the longest as II has always boen one Of
tho mightest, Of the rivers OF the world.
THE M'IICKEN MATTER.