davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Litchfield enquirer., 1877-12-13

Combines many of the merits of both the Dali ly and weekly issues. and is, in some respects, the best, as well as the cheapest paper sent out from THE TRIBUNE Office It contains all the literary, agricultural, and domestic miscel- lany, and all the special articles prepared for THR WEEKLY. It has besides nearly all the news of THE DAILY, and most of it's editorial articles not strictly local in the application. It has been enlarged, and changed to the new sixteen-page form described below-a chance which has long been askedby many of its most intelligent patrons.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
The Key 10 the Turkish Possessions In
ASIA Minor.

Erzeroum, for the possession of which
the Russian armies are preparing, is the
chief city of the pashalic of the same
name, which is the most important in
Asia Minor. The pashalic includes a
population Of 800, 900 people, distributed
In 1900 villages and towns. The city
of Erzeroum has a population estimated
at 10000, besides its garrison. OF these
10000, 10000 are Turks, 5000 Ortho-
doX Armenians and $500 Catholic Ar
menians. In 1927 the population was
estimated at $4,000. The number of its
inhabitants is constantly changing,
however, owing TO the great number of
people who arrive and depart with the
caravans. Pestilence has often made
serious inroads upon the population,
and emigration has taken many people
away. The city contains twenty-eight
khans, thirteen public baths, seventy
mosques and merjids, and churches of
the Armenians, Latin and Greek Chris
tians. The new part of the town is
partly surrounded by an old oastellated
wall, but a large part of the place is not
walled. A deep ditch was excavated
around the suburbs some years ago TO
keep of the Russians, and there are no
permanent defences of any Importance,
except the hastily erected works now
thrown up and indi(ferently armed.
The winters in Erzeroum are very Sc
we're, owing TO Its elevation (6000 feet)
above the sea The plain about the
city, which is thirty or forty miles long,
formerly contained one hundred flour
ishing villages, but emigration has
depopulated many of them. which now
lie IN waste. The chieftrade is dyeing.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
The Sewing Machine Patents that have
Become Common Property,

The following patents, on which the
life of the sewing machine monopoly
has rested, have now become common
property to the country: The vibratory
needle and r~eciprocating shuttle, the
foundation of the double thread ma
chimes; the Migratory needle and the
rotating hook, the vital principle of the
single thread machines; and the contin-
nous feed, in combination with one or
both of these, either with wheel motion
or fore motion. The last Is the vital
principle out Of which alone, exclusive
of the other patents, the monopoly has
cleared $4,000, 600. In the original
Howe machine the feed motion was Sc
cured by a thin slip of metal with rails
ed points, worked by n ratchet and
wheel. After il had gone so far the
cloth had TO be lifted back, a tedious
operation which made the machine
nearly useless. Tho difficulty was
bridged by Batchelder, who substituted
a cylinder, making a continuous feed,
for the plate. Under various modifica-
tons, one OF which was invented by
Wilson, in 1850, for Il vibraiorv feed.
this Batchclder patent has remained es-
sential TO every sewing machine, what
ever lis work or make might be. 1t
has been extended twice, TO the enor-
nous profit of the combination that
was made by the Singer, Wheeler &
Wilson, Grover & Baker, and Howe
sewing machine companies, to pool the
profits in making ii. A year ago, the
great monopoly pooled 81 100000 to
procure a third extension. Lobbyists
and lawyers were retained by the doz-
Ell, but the extension was not secured.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

wife says he had Il very nice pen; | rec
scissors, wristlets, necktie, etc. {;
from my house to Brandon is directly
past Willie Lincoln's and the Morehouse
place; no gun with him showed n car
fridge; the pistol was loaded; / heard
that this morning a murder had been
committed in Brandon; l recognize the
man dead at the town hall as the said
Chas. Williams. lie said he had All UNI
Gle In Cleveland, Ohio, n drunken old
fellow; don't know that he ever had
any letters except from his uncle and
aunt in England; was q young man of
good habits and quiet disposition; left
him with the children a great many
times; think he was n little different
person the last time he was here; when
he got home he found that his sister was
unfortunate in love matters and that he
couldn't see her: did not succeed in see
ing his sister; did moi then care much
what did become of him, and shipped
on q vessel for this country was a great
reader, quite well educated, think be-
yond common school; convcrscd freely,
easy in his address; wore a pair of con-
gress shoes, blue cotton stockings with
white toes; farm work new TO him /;
said he had $3.50, and was better OF
than when he was here before; rccog-
MIC the jack knife rs his; recognize
the mask rs made from the old hat my
wife gave him; hair very light; he told
Mr.. Williams that he had his hair dyed;
said he came from the south: left the
train nj Fairhavcn; claimed 10 have
rome from New York"
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

centennial week; and while for many
of the organizations the commission do
not feel the same degree of responsible
ty that is laid upon them by the law of
the state in regard to the two celebra-
tions of the 10Th and the 10th, still their
presence here, while they add to the
dignity and character ofthe celebration,
adds TO the burdens of the commission
also. These burdens the commission
cannot evade nor can the people of YER
mont; and ii Is to the people of YER
mont that the commission would most
earnestly appeal. The state has appro-
priated a small sum to carry ont the
work II has sch us TO do. The most
prudent estimates make not less than
sl0,Q0c-aud some reach S15, OOO--as
the sum needed in addition to the
states appropriation for Vermont
to maintain the dignity of host on
the important occasion. That the peo-
pie of Vermont will cordially respond
to this earnest appeal of the commission
for aid in carrying forward its noble
object cannot for a moment be doubted.
While these lines are passing through
the press, its executive committee is
visiting the more prominent towns and
villages of the state engaged in securing
the aid and cooperation of all our citi-
zens in carrying forward their own and
the peoples work. There must be 10
failure i'll our attempt TO celebrate the
great events of a century ago, the one
The birth of n state. the other the event
of a battle which turned the tide of war
TO the other side of the American arms.
and thus decided the contest for indie
pendencc. As Concord and Lexington
and Bunker Hill, the beginning of
the struggle for liberty in 1875. have
been worthily commemorated in 1S75,as
the signing of the immortal declaration
at Philadelphia in l776 has been fitting
ly honored in 1876, so let the n o less i'm
portant event of Stark's victory in
l117, which has made his own name "a
nous and that Of Bennington historic.
be "kept i'll memory and handed down
to iuturity as n lasting and laudable TX
ample for he sons and daughters of the
victors' by a cOmmemoration of 1877
which shall be alike worthy ofthc mem
DRY of the men of 1777 and their O II
and daughters of 1877. Let both occa-
sions, Nermont's centennial and the
centennial of the battle of Bennington.
be suitably honored as becomes the oc-
casions themselves and the dignity of
II noble state.
Burlington, VT, May ID, 1877.
e GE5h <. Il MiEhR2s2nTi1. 1 aY ne eG n
MILO G. HCRLING, Centennial
CARROLL :. PAGE, I. Commits.
a. II. VALENTINE, sion.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

~ W. believe in economy in public
and In private, but there is such O thing
as meanness in expenditure in the ad-
ministration of public affairs, ms well as
in personal and family expenses. No
person ought to go beyond his income,
let 1t be ever so small; but with a liber-
al income he not only has the right to
he more free with himself, but it is his
duty so TO be, provided always he in
dulges In no wasteful, useless expendi-
tnre. So with the public expenditures.
The question is, what is the fair and
liberal course which will not Cypress
the taxpayers or waste the public
fuuds3 Often 1t occurs that liberal ex-
penditure is more economical in the
end than the close, stingy course some
lines pursued by those who seek the
reputation of favoring "reform" meas
ureS, without much reference to Justice
or true economy. The question of ere
form" In its popular sense, like most
other questions of political or domestic
economy, has two sides 10 it.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

EsT A spiteful editorial in the Herald
efThursday on "The Free Pass Abuse
suggests the idea that the editor of the
Herald was possibly omitted in the dis
tribution of favors by the managers of
the Central Vermont railway in Janu-
airy last. Ifso, we shall have from that
journal lots of virtuous nonsense about
the corruption of the pass system and
the fragrant wrongs committed by Gov
Smith in his management of pub
lie trusts. 1t does seem to be the right
thing for the management TO do, TO snub
the editors of a few papers like the
Messenger and Herald occasionally, so
that we may have an independent
press in the state.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

iE- The Russian plan Of operations
does not yet seem TO have been sufi-
riently developed TO discover their in
ientions. They quickly and quietly
seized the Ronmanian system of rail
ways, aud now occupy along the left
bank of the Danube for above two hum
dred miles, and are apparently massine
troops Mt two points, one on the lower
Danube and the other some two hun
dred miles up. While they remain
quiet the strain Of expectancy and the
expense of an active campaign is eating
oat the vitality of the Turkish empire.
We canno. suppose Russia can endure
- very lengthy campaign without seri-
Gus Inconvenience, SO that the apparent
leisure manifested viii soon give place
IN active and vigorous work. Che
hghting In Asia has been, SO far, Of an
insignificant character, and Inter In
the campaign we shall scarcely remem-
Der the name Of q battle where no O
were disabled than there were at Kars
and Batoum.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

"a Fred Douglass has got himself
into a peck of trouble by the frankness
of his uttcrances with reference to the
city Of Washington. He lectured in
Baltimore on Washington and its inhab-
itants, and while telling a vast deal of
unpleasant truth about the people, he
also said some things which are evident
iy stretched and distorted. 1t was, no
doubt, an entertaining lecture, and his
audience %applauded; hut it was indis-
Greet for all Office holder, as Mr.. Doug
lass now is, TO say unpleasant things of
anybody. 1t is never safe for any but
very wise persons to open their mouths
at all, while silence is dignifed and safe
for every one. Silence and especially
discreet silence is the evidence of the
highest wisdom. If Fred Douglass
frankness doesn't afford an occasion for
his supersedurc rs l.. s. marshal. he
may be considered lucky.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
,z5- Charles O.Connor. ,be ooed but

ig5~ Charles O'Connor, the aged but
still able lawyer Of New York city, pro-
pounds the most curious theories of
constitutional reform, which are the
more striking from the fact that they are
the u~ttcrances of a conservative lawyer
aud not the vagaries of Wendell Phillips
crazy George Francis Train. These
propositions were uttered in an address
delivered in New York recently. He
took the ground that governments
might create evil, but could not sup
press it: society could do that, and all
it needed for the purpose was to be let
alone. The object ofconstitutions is to
secure society IN that immunity. Each
state constitution, therefore, should per-
fcotly separate The great departments OF
government by strictly defining and
limiting the powers of the Legislative
body. II should forbid any public body
or fnnctionary to. create, by taking up
loans of money, any new public debt at
any time or under any circumstances.
1t should rcorganizc the legislative de-
partment by abolishing the pernicious
system Of single districts and restoring
to the communities socially established.
such as cities and villages. The right OF
representation. lie only would have Il
single Legislative body: nothing of The
''fatal duplicity of Chambers" rs he
calls il. His most curious suggestion is
that the chief magistrate should be Sc
lectcd by lot every month from the leg
islatiye body. lie thinks that Sin thus
substantially extinguishing the great of
flee of president, no sound public policy
would be violated, nor any blight
thrown upon the seemingly praisewor-
thy ambition Of the demigods who from
time to time arose, and, captivated by
the lar-oif prize, spent their lives in
prodigions displays of ability for the
purpose of establishing their claim TO
it,"
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
Opening OF the Permanent Philadelphia
Exposition,

The permanent exhibition opened on
Thursday, May 10, with imposing
services. President Hayes, accompani-
ed by Secretaries Evarts, Sherman,
McCrary, and Acknowledgement Devens
arrived Wednesday evening, and was es-
corted to rooms at the Continental
AT 10 O'Clock, with his cabinet and Mr..
Boxer, the Russian minister, he break
tasted with Col. Morton McMichael.
AT ] o'clock p. m, the president and
party were driven to the exhibition, es-
corted by the first city troops, which
has performed the same service for eve
ry president who has visited the city.
The ceremonies at the main exhibition
building included reception of the pres
ident; prayer by Bishop Stevens; an
nouncement by Hon. G. II. Biddle,
president of the Permanent Exhibition
Company; choral by DR.. Holmes; pro-
clamation by the president of the Uni
ted States, declaring the exhibition
open: "Hallelujah chorus :" addresses
by Hon. John Welsh, president centen-
NAL board OF finance, and Hon. Alfred
I. Goshorn, director general of the CEN
tennial exhibition Of 1876; centennial
hymn; benediction by Right Rev. Bish-
op Simpson. All available space with
in sight of the platform was packed
with human beings. Ii was possible
but for few people to hear and see what
was taking place. 1t was estimated
that fully 10000 people were In the
structure. The weather was rather
raw and cold. Over one hundred
thousand persons visited the exhibition
Ex-P President Grant, on leaving the ex-
hibition for the Union League house
as the guest Of that body, was taken
sick and was compelled to stop and take
a dose of quinine. After reaching the
Union League he was taken with chill
and lay In blankets for nearly three
quarters Of all hour. Upon recovering,
he was taken to the carriage and driven
to Mr.. Pauls residence. His condition
would not warrant his attending the re-
ception 10 the president in the evening.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
TROTTING STATIONS
or TIN
Green Mountain Stud Farm,
VEST RANDOLPH, vt.

HAMBLEToNIAN MONARCH-Foaled April
~, ls6i-Blood Bay-Sixteen hands ~high-Sired
by Rysdyk's ambletonian-Dam by Does Abdal.
lab chief. Terms, $50 TO insure.
And
RANDOLPH -Foaled ls.l-Bay. with star
Fifteen hands-SireI by Aberdeen. son Of Rys.
dyke Hambletonian and Widow Machree-Dam
Fanny sleight, by Ethan Allen. 6. d. by Harris
Observation-Disclosures to IL mares. Terms. ss5
to insure.
VIII make the season of 1877, from May Is TO
W. d. FOSTER. Woodstock, VI.
DON GlOVANN1-Foaled ~ls70-Golien Bay
10 "a hands ~high-sired by Hampton sou OF Rvs.
dyk's Hambletonian-Dam by Volunteer, &. d. by
old Abdallah. Terms, $40 TO insure.
LOCKWOOD Foaled 1873 Blood Bay, blk.
p~oints-l5l-2 hands high-Sired by Aberdeen
Dam, Lady Lockwood (record $3.50 by Neave's
Cassius NJ. Clay, Jr. Terms, $50 to insure.
VIII make the season of 1877 at the GREEN
STUD FARM, WEST RANDOLPH, VT.
Mares pastured and well cared for at sl.OO per
week, but all accidents at owners risk. For cir
culars giving extended pedlgrees. address,
1m3 West Randolph, Vermont.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

~ That the hard times arc not con
fined 10 New England or the east is an in
controvcrtiblc fact. Ofcoursc the loose
kind of talk about "hard tines means
nothing. All times are hard to some,
and in some places. 1t is seldom that
we hear any other story. Sometimes il
is the chronic habit of grumbling that
leads us TO complain, sometimes il is
the necessity we all have, full nine
tcnths Of the time, TO economize and
deny ourselves of Injuries we have
sometimes enjoyed, but frequently the
complaint of hard times is only an ex-
cuse for delinquency in meeting pecun-
larry engagements. The fact is, we
ought neverto call any times hard when
we are able to have q daily smoke, q
glass of beer and a new spring hat,
There has, no doubt, been a gradual
tightening of the money market, an un-
usual crop of failures each year, and a
constant necessity for cutting down per-
sonal expenses ever since the close OF
the war. But we are now scarcely
down where VIC were previous to 1860.
Ii is easy enough 10 relax our efforts to
keep down expenditures, but it requires
heroic treatment to break habits Of cx-
travagance and practice a more rigid
economy. But that is just what must
be done. The situation upon the Paci-
fc coast is even more trying than with
us. This is a year OF drouth in Califor-
MIA. A large part of ii is an ash heap
and the fertile valleys are burned 10 a
crisp. They arc obliged to kill ofrwholc
herds of sheep because they cannot be
fed. And there eau be no relief until
the new crops mature another year.
The mining and all other Interests there
arc equally under the shadow Of hard
times. if We are 10 use the term in case
of Il mere stringency. And what is ON
way out Of these difficulties? The solu-
ton of the whole question hinges upon
II power to practice economy. There
is no other way ont of the woods.
Those who have felt that they must live
on the most expensive meats aud The
richest viands would not starve or be
injured if reduced to coarse bread. The
truth is. the necessity which is upon MS
just now can injurc us only in one way.
If we still think VIC must have luxuries
and indulge in extravaganza OF Ashior
in dress,a and neglect to meet our obliga-
tons 10 others, the times will be hard
enough before long.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
Beeeher NJ Rntland---An extra Train
ana Half fare.

To accommodate the largo number who
desire TO hear Henry Ward Beecher al
Rutland, on Monday evening, May 2s,
the managers have arranged for q spe-
cial train 10 Middlebury after the lee
ture, and for half fare from every sta
ton on the Central Vermont railroad.
This will give our citizens q grand
opportunity to hear the greatest pulpit
orator in America al q comparatively
small cost. In addition to this, our cit
izeps can have an opportunity TO select
their own seats and secure them without
extra charge, The ticket agent has ar
ranged TO bring the diagram Of the hall
TO Middlebury on Tuesday next, and
will be at the store Oft. NJ. Chapman
from $50 T. NJ. till s O'Clock In the eva
i,ing. This will be a great accomoda-
ton, aud we have no doubt our citizens
Viii fully appreciate IL, as il gives them
the same chance TO select seats as is NJ
corded the people of Rutland.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

x1 Admirers of the old times and old
time issues are endeavoring 10 revive the
old tariTquestion which at one time did
really have a little vitality as an issue
between the political parties. The
prospects of thus bringing the dead to
life arc not lattcring. The tariffs not
now and again can be a party
question. In fact there is but little
question about it. Tariff for venue
in approved by almost all. Tariff
for protection is approved in those
sections where local interests would be
benefited by 1t and disapproved where
the industries need no protection to
assist them In competition with foreign
enterprises. AS our industries grow
and come to employ machinery and i'm
proved methods, the need of protection
Is lessened and at length becomes moth
ing. Very few ofour leading industries
need any now governmental assistance.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18

sTH The great prevalence OF forest
fires through Il large part of New En-
land, Canada and New York is the sub
ject of much comment as q remarkable
fact. The amount of damage done has
been immense and the danger of further
loss from this source is imminent. Rain
is desired to check the ravages of fire,
and no less so for the refreshing of the
growing crops.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
Annual Meeting orthe Central Vermont.

The annual meeting OF the stockhold-
ers of the Central Vermont Railroad
Company was held at the presidents
Office al st. Adams, Wednesday. No
business was transacted save to elect
directors for the year ensuing. AZ q
previous meeting of the directors j, W.
Emery, Bradley Barlow and Jed. j.
Clark had been chosen inspectors of
the election. The following namaa d.
rectors were elected, each receiving Z,
1870 votes: James II. Langdon, Monlpc-
Iier; George M. Rice, Worcester, Mass;
u. u. Cheney, Jacob Edwards, James
". Emery, Boston; John II. Kimball,
Bath, Me-; j. Gregory Smith, Bradlow
Barlow, st. Adams; John q, IIoyt,
New York; b. e. Smalley, Burlington ;
John w. Stewart, Middlebury; Jed. +.
Clark, Milton.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
CTATE OF vERMoNT-DTsTRICr

In Probate Court held at Middlebury, IN ens mf
said district, on the l5th day of May, a. ID. ls77.
George Hammond, administrator &c bo1is N.s.
with the Will annexed, Of the estate Of Abraham
Williamson. late Of Cornwall, Ia said distiei
deceased, presents his administration account for
examination and allowance, and make applicable
for a decree OF distribution and partition Of a..
estate Of said deceased.
Whereupon, It Is ordered that said account amt
sald application BIO referred 10 a session Of aai
bury, on the l2th day OF June, A. ID. 1871, al 10
O'Clock A. NJ, for hearing and decision and il T.
further ordered that notice OF said application st.i
this order thereon be given to all persons Interest
ed by publication of notice three weeks succesgi..
~ in the Middlebury Register, a newspaper priui
ell at Middlebury, previous to said time, thai th.x
may appear at said time and place and show cau.s
IL any they may have, why said account should rot
be allowed and such decree made.
BY the Court-Attest
SAMfL r. COOKE. Jul.,
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1877-05-18
COMMISSIONERS NOTICE.

~ The undersigned, having been appointed g.,
NE Hon. Probate Court for the district of Ne,,
.taven, commissioners, TO receive, examine ana 20
the estate Of J. Mills Hoyt, late Of New Have,
In said district, deceased, and all claims exhil.
ed IN offset thereto, hereby give notice that "
clerks Office, in New Haven, in said district, {
Monday June 4, and Monday, November II, ~.
at one o'clock in the afternoon of each ofssld dag
and that six months from the 18th day Of Nav. d
d. 1871, Is the time limited by said Court fol ST..
creditors 10 present then claims 10 US for exAmln.
ton and allowance.
ls77. d. VI. NASH,
JOSEPH X. NASH Oolnra-