The New York herald., 1877-07-05


drected would DO toward the absorption by this couu.
try OF large portion OF the present Republic OF
Mexico While on this day and before this audience
l would not introduce a merely partisan topic nor
speak words unbedtng the patriotic associations ~
wncn ,na we are inspired ana ,,x
may be nest properly discussed before assemblaes
OF American citizens on the anniversary OF the Re-
publics birthday.
A LESSON FROM THE MEXICAN WAR.
10 the younger generation, who constitute the
merely dim tradition or historical fact; but tho
elderly and middle aged will readily remember tnns
the final act which prccIptatcd actual conflict be-
tween the two Countries In the spring OF
1916 was not so paipablc nor so menacng a.
thai which being forcshaaowei on bhe dial of
our natlons future from tho disturbed quarter
OF the political heavens and the course Of our gov.
crnment shall be guided or even largely iunu-
by the and tue interests that stand behind
this movemcnt-some Of them masked and some OF
them IN sight I'VE may nnd ourselves rushed into
a var, requiring indeed but petty fraction OF
our military strength, yet involving serious drain
Spon our ~ 20 courea AZ the wroer %
located In the wrong place, Inhabited by an undesir
able population, adding weakness where We want
strength dicord where we need peace, and lack oi
patriotic inspiration where most OF all we require the
devoted spirit OF a true American nationality
rf STILL HARIISG ON THE WAR;
We passing through an era OF test and tr1al Tor
the Republic The war OF tho rebellion is long since
over. but the political questions resulting tncreroms
the adjustments rendered necessary by the ISSUE
OF the conflict tho permanent status OF races brought
into relations have not yet been settled upon bnsl
that adequate guarantee ior peace harmony and
security IN the future do not wish to oxaggerate
rate them They present the grave problems Of
craftsmanship for the present generation, and II yet
equal TO our prowoss in war Nor would IL be Just 10
ignore or bette the grave difficulties which the
States lntsIy in rebellion have upon their own hands,
ana within'thclr own borders questions which they
alone ADJUST, but which assuredly rendered
more difficult 10 them by their Jealousy and disrust Of
the national government And in certain aspects these
questions are being continually complicated and rem.
dcred more embarrassing py the action Of the States
themselves.
RECONSTRUCTION.
When, after the CLOSE Of the rooeion the States
gagged ns,t were rcadmitted participation In the
government OF the Union they all IN with oonsti
tuors distinctly recognizing and affirming Tho para
mount authority OF the national government and the
paramount allegiance due IL from every OF
tho United States Several OF the States thus recon-
and in every instance, one, thoy have
struck out tho paramount authority of tho Union
and the assaDSs the s
example is that OF Georgia. that has just voted for
convention to revise nor constitutions on which she
readmitted presentation Congress, and hcr
distinguished Senator, MIR. Hill, is credited by tho
public press with declaring that among tho
pages the assertion ha. the late @ war was rebellion"
ance contained IN the thirty-third section OF tho
"Dccaration Of Fundamental Principles, which ex.
on Se o OF S m
memorable words
..The Sta,e OF Georgia shall forever remain mem.
bcr Of the American Union; the people thereof are
part OF the American nation every citizen thereof
owes paramount al eglance to the constitution end
Govcrnmen: Of the United States aud no law or ordin.
Of the state in contravention subverson thAre
OF shall ever have any binding force"
Mr.. Hill IL reported saying that this patriotic pro-
vision should oe struck from the organic law oi
Georgia, he concludes hrs speech by assuring HE
hearers that the full power OF tho South just dawn.
ing and that the day Is not far distant when it will
control the government OF the Union.
FEARs soUrHNRN SUPREMACY.
In WOW OF those significant facts and still more Gig.
ncant tendencies IN the southern part OF Our coun-
try ask men OF all parties here assembled to-day ON
hA nf Gpnu Otanit hnu Va n
now. by the acquisition o Mexican territory, tho
creation OF additional states holding these views Of the
hold them, by reason OF proximity of loca-
tIoa and BY The character and creed
them. In the States north OF line countless
majority OF the people OF all parties believe their per-
manent a,egance 10 DC duo 70 Tue government o tne
Northern state and the United States Is prac-
c .o,n %pSssOe D In majority Of Of s:
who themselves the governing class' believe 10
allegiance 10 their respective local governments, su
porior to that which they owe to tho government Of
the Union. II Is the same heresy that hurried
tens OF thousands Of brave and honoraol:
In 1861; ana now, sixteen years having elapsed with
their rightuI record Of OF blood ol cruelty
aspect asp Just wsore It began. with the men who pre-
ciptaed the conflict in solid power from Maryland 10
Mexico resoluto in purpose and holding WITH ten
creed that is utterly irreconcilabe with
lasting devotion to the union Of The states do not
have The slightest doubt that these are honestly
held by those who them; they are proclaimed
BY ablc men with and skill indeed OF logic.
but OF 4 sophistry which deceivcs the unwary and
sometimes entraps even the watchiul.
HOSTILITY TO ANIMATION
There be doubt think, that an oycrwhelm.
ing majority the people OF the country, and espe
cialy OF The North, are hostile to further annexation
Scwards proposed purchase OF the island OF ST. Thomas
was percmptory rejected. and still later when General
Grants very earnest advocacy Of the ST. Domingo
scheme utterly failed to support even at time
whom his administration was peculiarly powerful aud
influential shaping measures ana directing policies.
ieaerai constitution annexation OF territory on the
South was favorte policy with our government
In 1908 VIC purchased Louisiana, IN 1919 we
purchased Florida In 1si5 annexed Texas. in 1sls
We took vast from Mexico ana IN 1856 we paid
large prico Tor a small tract from the country.
All these purchases were mado by southern Pres
dcnis, except the small ono OF 1858, ana That by
President wholly devoted to Southern interests
ACQUISITIONS
The aggregate area OF these addit,ons domain
is at least $3.50, 900 square miles, nearly three
times great whole the territory foup ht for
by our revolutionary ancestors and covered by tue
treaty OF peace in 1888 | do not mean to imply
that the whole benefit OF these acquisitions
went to the Southern section of the county
its pecusr interests. Fate and ortudo rescued
large proportion OF the Louisiana purchase 10 North
interests as some prosperous and powerful States
the Oct strikingy testify to-day lhc magnificent
empire OF California and the neghboring ierrltories
were also rescued after OF the most memora
bic struggles in our civil and parliamentary ms
tory. But Northern annexation. as an original
movement, has never fourished with us. Mr.. Seward
enjoys tho honor OF bong the first statesman to add
our territory the NortD hc did IN the purchase
oil Alaska A southern President gavo away valua-
bic piece OF territory OH our Northeastern from.
tier i'll 1912, ana another Southern President, four
years later, gave away vast tract OF most valuable
country on our nortnwestern frontier--ncarIy I'VE
times rs large the State OF New York. do not
now wish ~ mako any reflections on the great men
who made those settlements, but l take no risk In
saying that II either treaty TO DO negotiated at
tuis tme the United States would demand far
different boundary, both the Northeast and ho
Northwest. wish further to say that If In lS42 or
In 1916 claims as strong as those which we're gwen
awa ay on Northern frontier by Mr. Tyler and Mr..
POLK had existed on our Southern border they woud
have been promptly maintained at tho canpon'e
mouth under the old cry Of 'ndemniIy Tor tho past
and security Tor the future"
ANNEXATION OF CANADA FAVORED.
While rcgrctting that our government did not stand
for It's extreme rights, both IN the Northeast and the
Northwest, would not attempt to iorcc annexation
or acquisition OF territory In any direction. But at
the same time, | most frankly avow that tho incor.
poration OF tho British American Provinces In our
Union would be vast addition to our strength