The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-06-09

/ lluUlIy inc tNtctllOIlUl pIplOlNlOu Vi lSdS-
ants implicated in the case.
The papers which were seized give us n
distinct idea OF the Russian socialist organ
! ization Of it's resources, and its aim. The
principles on which the association Is based
are Entire equality between all the mcm-
bers, absolute confidence, and implicit obc-
dicncc All the clubs are linked through
their presidents with each other and with
the governing board, whose members are
unknown, and live for the most part in for
cgn countries. Those who wish TO Join one
~ these clubs must sundcr all cxtrinsc So
ca tics, and accept the life Of a simple
workman. Once initiated they are nolunger
masters 81 their own movements, hut crca-
tures Of thcir chiefs, who may send them
whore they please individual ownership Of
property is rcnounccd. and all possessions
are thrown into the common stock, admins
tered by the directors of each club, who care
for the wants of their fellow members. This
method Of nsurng unity of interest and Of
action is, of course, no novelty, being almost
identical with the rules O; the primitive
! Christian communities and Of the Society Of
Jesus.
This movement, like most social and po-
| litical activities in Russia. was initiated 10y
the educated classes, aud The scheme ~ or
ganization WAS devised not only "a a type
for future imitation. hut as means OF
going among the people" of entering into
close contact with w,rltmen and peasants.
and II sharing their existence. Relations II
intimacy thus c-tahli- he'd, tine business Of
propagandi~n begins, the Instruments en-
plpyed, besides the multiplication II clubs,
/ d
founding 81 reading rooms md savings
banks. Another sprc,es ot agitation cuu-
-tantly used Is Tine posting It prpclnmations
in fhe pull c streets, andA f.a..lul source u;
material strength is the recruiting of armed
companies outside OF the clubs, but CONF
mandcd by a club mcmbor. 10 laille the
vigilance Of the police, al affiliated person
carry IN travelling false passports, aud 70
disguised. The CORES poudoncc. too, Is
always in cipher, and each adopt Is known
10 his follows 10y some alias. Thus in the
present trial the ring lcadcr had been named
the Ecdhoad; ono of his acnomruocs was
designated by the letter A. another by the
letter r. We may mention. too, that some
of the tracts produced In court ON this
occasion. amid the Indignation OF the Rus
sian hurcaucrats, bore sufficiently suggcs-
tive titles; for example, Outline of "a Work
mans Life" 1.-THE Paris Commune" "Ihe
Plain statement Il a Truth Teller"
In View OF these revelations, there Is no
doubt that a Russian socialist party exists.
that IL Is well Organized and disciplined, full
OF fervor and energy; but what chance
has it Of success? Can it get the ear of the
artisans ard the people, aud can the latter
| nflltlaNI its rtfrfg-,.-y In a. h,r words
Is the Russian soil prepared for the now
propaganda These questions are answer
ed I'm the negative not only by MACKENZIE
WALLACE and other students Of Musco,ite
society, but ina remarkable document found
among the papers Of tho asltators lately
tried at St. Petersburg. 1t appears that
neither have the apostles OF social re-
| form the noodfu training to make thcm-
selves understood aud obeyed by the
| Russian people, nor nre tho people
| themselves ripe for ideas which, in order
10 be fccund, must be preached TO men
who have reached no mean stage Of IN
tellcctual development, Ike the French.
German, and English artisans, for instance,
who frequent debating clubs, discuss politi-
cal questions and read books and news
papers Now, all these conditions are want
ing in the Russian workngman, and more
| couspicuously in the mo,yk or emancpated
| peasant. The latter's manumission, as the
writer Of this document points out, has rem
dered any social revolution impossible for
many decades, since the peasant class is at
heart profoundly grateful and intensely loyal
TO the Car. Under these circumstances, the
most shrewdly laid and wde-rcacAing plans
would be easily Disconnected by slight
dlmnution Of the duty on spirits, by the re-
| lease Of some arrears Of taxes, or by
trivial concession Of Land. Such inconsid-
cradle iavors will always suffice 10 keep the
molyk quiet, and TO induce him TO betrav
tie advocates Of change; and this process
Will - on until the normal plane 81 the
national Intelligence has been signany
raised.
That this intolle. tual moderation Of thc
whole Russian nation viii nctDl h'cumpa Pc
cd by iuccndiary tracts imported from Tor
| cign parts, or by amateur oXhortatlons 20
revolt, is tho moral Of TOCAoUENIfF's last
novel, which has just been published stimuli
taueou-ly at st. Petersburg and Paris
The hero of the story, NFJnANoF has fallen
among the nowIc llutOmsts, 4 at, altlu ugh
"a democrat hy conviction, he Is possessed Of
! merry Jus refined nature, ana has Inherited
dainty, aristocratic Instincts, which dis
qualify him for tho role Of rcfOrmcr.
When ho is ordered TO ego among the peo-
pie,' to use the formula 81 the society above
described his delicate nature revults, he
finds himself unequal to his mission and the
discovery 81 his weakness AMI consequent
-tornty leads him To- su,llo NIrpANOr 8
the type in short Of those dil,ttautc radi-
calls who propose to LIT u people up their
own vel with the {. M Of Tia gl1Nod fingers.
OF another temper is SOLoSNHE, who is no
pAraseuaher, the author tells US, hut n
genuine workingman. H. is suchoe he who,
in IoURGuEylEF's lulsmeot viii one day
redeem Russia, for tney only are alive to
tI.r wants. the a.ings, and the vIe,s # tho
rude minority Sucn men, he adds, do not
hook for the speedy coming ~ their ideal
democracy. Thcydo not count on socint it
with TIE eyes ~ a. h 10 tloy soon. t,Gc-
sorry inmoutll Ni-ionli- sloamo1 the horizon
~ the future, aud they pursue their humble
wolkoi Enlightenment wthioyalty and hope.
To many of its children this vast land of