The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-03-26

Che Klh;nga and HiyanIa ridges with its ancient bed
disrupted. falls abruptly TITO the miaense gulf IN
several aud separate courses. and stream OF short
course little volume is created flowing from the
eastern slopes o: the above-named ridges southeast
ward. 70 be IN due time known az the Lukuga, since
which tremendous wrack OF nature bali OF the waters
with inverted courses assisted the other halt TO
fill up the chasm and appear to be now on the eve OF
fulfilling their task
The visible effects Of this great geological change are
not the same at the end they are further
north the centre; for at the southern end
the plateau with It's folds upon ods and layers upon
layers OF firm rock, drops abruptly down to the blue
depths OF the lake, and voyagers coasting along
those appear be gazing at The zenith ms they
look up the few shrubs and trees growing upon the
edge Of the tawry plateau; while at the centre
especially about Tongue on tho east side aud rembive
on the west side we appear in the vicinity OF the
origin OF this and the section whence the
earth first began to feel her throes. A. Tongue We
sec an aggregation OF aspiring peaks and SENT
circular cones, which would perhaps with more ex.
act knowledge be called closed vomliaros or craters
South OF Tembivo ridge incinng northeastery,
lony and irregular, with much OF the same structure
us the rocks OF Tongive exhibit
A TROPICAL PARADISE
North oil Tembvc, the same side. Is to be observed
. considerable depression Ia tho land. From height
OF feet above the surface OF the lake the land has
suddenly subsidized into low, rolling surface, the high
est point which scarcely 500 feet above the lake,
with isolated domes aud cones The rock also changes
In from the ba-at and trap to decomposed
fcspathic kind followed by u cong lomerate and cal
careous tuia, strongly mpregnated with iron, which is
the character rocks each side OF the Lukuga
Tn noti,o nf the al |
such character at the Lukuga This depressed
country continues as far Coma, where We see the
land upheaved highest but with slopes less abrupt and
Rugged than at tho south end, and clothed
with tropical luxurance OF vegetation-mammoth
trees and numberless varieties OF shrubs and plants
The high altitude which MARKS the verge oil the coma
plateau compared TO that of the plateau lying nmedi-
ntely west OF nclines think that the volcanic
explosion tilted the whole OF this northwestern coast
merely raising higher and loosenlng the edges of tho
chasm, which has since by action OF weather and
water become worn and deconposed, presenting Tor
breadth OF IRON four TO five miles OF these
fleets in mountain scenes approaching to the sublime
character. Once out OF view OF the chasm filled by
he Tanganyka plateau clearly IN its orgi-
aal form, and has gradual westward slope.
Between North Coma and the high mountains Of
Uvra there Is another remarkable depression in the
land similar that OF Ugubba II appears II there
had been sudden subsistence Of this part and flow
Df tho subterranean rock northnotheas which after
ward elected bodily upward, and now forms the
peninsula OF Ubwai, which is thirty miles IN
ength.
FORMER GEOGRAPHICAL ERRORS CORRECTED.
Burton and Spekc, their voyage from Ujiji to
Uvra, sketcEed Ubwari island, probably from
the fact that the WaJili careessy called "kirira,
Or island" Livingstone and myself, also, in 1871,
ri
Island the Island of Muzimu. Here is an instance
four mistaken about small section OF
Lake Tanganyika The truth IS We are all wrong.
Exploration has proved that the countries oil Kar-
lmbs ana ub~an lorm long peninsula. joined
irmly enough to the man land by an isthmus
niles in width, with altitude In its centre Of about
LOO feet above the lake. SO IL will be that, Delo,e
uny Of former statements become correct, tho
TaEganyika have further rise Of 200 feet, which
IS impossible.
The fact that this is not island but peninsula,
proves that there must DO deep gulf penetrating
south-southwest between Masaasi and Ubwari have
taken tho liberty of cHng this great arm OF the lake
Burton Gulf In of the discoverer OF the Tan
ganyika, Spoke c alt distinguishes somewhat sim
lar formation the southeast section of the Victoria
Eyanza.
STANLEY THE FIRST WHITE MAN on THE uswARI BILLS.
pear 10 be the first white man who has enjoyed
lhis privilege for there is always trouble in Ub
wari--and it being clear day, by of fed
glass obtained an extensive vew--at some distance,
rs trnc, o. the impenetrably savage countries st
Of Burton Gult. The land lies il lengthy mountain
waves, with deep valleys between, for twenty and
thirty miles westward, whe1, finally, the great table
land o! this part OF Central Africa presents ITSELF and
seen TO join a, CLOUDY distance, after deep curve
southwest to the plateau OF Coma These valleys
tween the waves give to many small
rivers all oil which have their exit the lake IN the
west side OF Burton Gull.
Such some OF the most remarkable effects Of thas
grand CONFUSION which departed tho table land OF
Central Africa ana formed this chasm OF the
Tanganyka in It's bosom. Nor has lhis convulsion
rurred very remotely but II might, in my humble
opinion be measured by years by competent
appears also that the agencies which produced this
extraordinary change quito dead this part Of
Central Africa, for about eighteen months ago. hear,
mountain In Urundi preciptatcd from its position
and toppcd over buryiug several villages with all their
Inhabitants. This disaster occurred Mukungu in
UrundL
About three years age the surface of The TansanyKa
Lake, in the nclghborhood Of Uij observed to be
biackened with large Jumps and masses Of some
strange, dark substance which, they swept
The shore OF Uji, picked up, examined and
ncred at. The Wajiji calleI IT, and still continue
lrmy in the belief, the discharge OF lightning The
Arabs called II pitch and collected largo quantities OF
IT, Requiring some substance to cauk my boat before
setting out on the voyage OF exploration l was pre-
scned with OF this 'dischargc OF lightning"
pitch, and found It was asphaltum which most prob
ably escaped through in the bed OF the
TanganyKa as part OF the shores could obtain,
after dillgent inquiry. the slightest knowledge OF its
source. HENRY NJ. STANLEY.
PURE MILK.