davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22
EDUCATIONAL.
Who Does the Teaching?
From the Christian Weekly

From the Christian Weekly.
One of the most distinguished jurists
In this city man of long and tried ex-
perience, has lately written this ut
Is impossible, as hours tor study and
recitation In our schools are now ar
ranged, for the pupil to derive the aid
from the teacher which the mind re-
quires. The pupil Is obliged really tn
do his studying ut home without help.
1t Is during the hours of study, and not
of recitation, that the mind should re-
ceive intelligent direction. 1 think
more time at school should be devoted
to study, less at home-that the teach
er's whole time should not be taken
up I'm hearing lessons, but that his
chief duty should be to teach the pupil
how tO1earn, and aid him in the at
tempt. In no other way can our chill
dren be properly educated"
We rejoice to find that our best peO-
pie are agitating this subject, and be-
ginning to debate itamong themselves.
We are willing to announce our own
conclusion at once. We do not be-
lieve there has been any Improvement
yet made In school keeping over the
old arrangement, which gave TO the
pupils certain fixed hours In the room
together. Itappears to us that 1t Is the
parents, not the masters, who do the
teaching masters do the hearing now.
The distinctive feature in the method
we would recommend consists of max
ing provision for the study of lessons
during school hours, a. u class exer-
else, conducted by q teacher, and inde-
pendent of the recitation. si.
The grand defect In our present sys-
tenn In most OF the schools consists In
making little or no provision for the
study OF lessons In school hours, and
none at all for receiving the aid of q
teacher in this labor. So many studies
are given 10 pupils at one time, that
all their school hours must be occupied
In recitation alone. For the same
reason, the teachers time must be
wholly occupied In hearing recitations,
leaving no opportunity for giving aid
in the study Of lessons, while the time
devoted to recitation II often too abort
TO be Of any value to the pupil. II
follows that between pupil and teacher
there Is very little Of actual mental
contact, not enough TO rouse the mind
OF the pupil to any degree Of activity.
The labor Of Lesson leaning 10 trAns-
fered from the school-room and the
supervision or 3 teacher. whore 4
properly bolongs, TO the p0pll'e home,
IunpcoI1e 3 burden npon b6&k paronii
AZ 9 =: :: IS ~ s.:
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22

ally very Inn perfectly learned, or at the
best, become mere exercise of the
memory. But still more serious re-
suit Of all this condition Of things Is.
the great majority of pupils never
really learn how to study-how to use
the various powers Of the mind TO the
best advantage, and, of course, fall to
acquire those habits Of attention aud
OF concentration OF thought which are
the very foundation Of all successful
mental effort. On the other hand,
they fall into habits Of inattention
and Of superficial study which work q
lasting injury TO the mind.
Now, we affirm from long expert
ence In teaching that the very time
when pupils most need the aid OF q
skilful teacher, aud when such
teacher can render the most effective
aid, Is In the first sttsCy Of lessons,
rather than In their recitation. We.
can also affirm that an hour spent
with class In carefully going over a
lesson, before the pupils have taken 1t
In hand, will do more for their good
than many hours OF study spent In the
usual way. BY this means, the atten-
tiOn and interest Of pupils are thor
Oughly engaged; study becomes
pleasure (; the lessons are more correct
ly learned better habits of study are
formed and, more than all bad habits
of mental appli are prevented.
Let 1t be observed, we do not pro-
pose to take the labor OF lesson learn
Ing entirely out of the hands OF the
pupil that is, to make him u mere
passive recipient; but to show him
how to apply his mind I'm the study of
lessons-how to analyze the subject
and how to remove the obstacles which
lie in his path. We would do more
than merely cultivate the memory.
We would wake up the mind, and
train the pupil to fix his attention and
concentrate his thoughts upon a sim
gle subject. We would cultivate In
each pupil the all-important habits OF
careful observation, Of searching an
alysis, of close reasoning and of inde-
pendent thinking. In other words,
we would callintO active exercise those
powers which are apt to lie dormant
from never learning how to use them.
This, indeed, Is education in the prop
er sense Of the term, but what in too
many cases Is never acquired, even
after years spent In school.
1t may be said that 1t is better to
leave the pupil to find his way out
alone that the mental discipline
which this gives Is just what he needs.
We reply, practically not one In ten
will do this, while the great majority,
left to themselves, fall into bad habits
Of mental application, whose influence
for evil will be felt during all their life.
There are, indeed, very few who will
persevere and succeed in spite of all
obstacles, and under any system Of
teaching, but, even in this case, often
with great waste of time and energy.
The majority Of pupils need constant
assistance and encouragement, and.
above all, that rousing up Of the mental
faculties which comes from closer and
longer contact with the mind OF the
teacher. as
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22

Oh. 10 not envy, my own dear wife, +
The .eslth "a our Z. nsst,dops ext os nsghbor
And cheerfully follow my labor
You must know. the last OF those little debts
That have been our lingering sorrow
Is paid this night 30 ven both 20 forth
Oh, the creditor Is but shame.faced dog
With the debtors name on his collar,
While I'm king and you're queen,
For We owe no man dollar.
Our neighbor you saw In his coach to-day,
With his wife and his Haunting daughter,
While We sat down to our coverIess board,
To q crust and cup OF water.
! saw that tear-drop stood In your eye,
Though You tried your best TO conceal 1t;
knew that the contrast reached your heart
And you could not help but feelit;
But knowing now, that our scanty fare
Has freed my neck from the collar,
You'll join my laugh, and help me shout
ThatI owe no man dollar
This neig hbor whose show has daxxled your eyes
In fact, Is wretched debtor;
/ pity him oft, from my very heart.
And wish that his lot were better;
Why, the man Is the veriest slave alive;
For his dashing wife and daughter
VIII live In style though ruin should come
So he goes like lamb to the slaughter!
But he feels II the tighter every day.
That terrible debtors collar
Oh, what would he give could he say with us,
That he owed no man dollar!
You seem amaxed-but I'll tell you more;
Within two hours met him,
Dneaking away with q frightened air
As ifu fend had beset him;
Yet he hed from very worthy man,
Whom Imet with the greatest pleasure
Whom called by name and forced to stop,
Though he said he was not atleisure,
Bsu Ae heid my last notei so held him fast!
TIL he freed my neck from the collar;
Then shook his hand rs proudly said
"Now owe no man dollar"
Ali now you smile, for you feel the force
Ofthe truths I've been repeating;
knew that q downright honest heart
In that gentle breast was beatingl
Tomorrow I'll rise with giants strength
To follow my daily labor;
But ere we sleep let us humbly pray
For our wretched pext-door neighbor;
And we'll pray for the time when llshall be free
From the weight Of the debtors COLLAR
When the poorest will lift his voice and cry,
"Now eve no man dollarw
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22

Dali DAILY per annp, $1,000; .. months, $500; 5
TRI.WEEKLY, per anuum, $780, e,aonths, $3.50;
WEEKLY, per snnum, $780, s months. zoe; IS
months, $3.50; 3 months, 91.25. 80 f'S
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22


the hardest days. The fever died nj
last, and those who had escaped from
its clutches were beginning to creep
into the winter sunshine again. Will
Hewitt was talking Of going to work.
months without It, he could not tell,
and Rex would not suffer him to ask'
One evening Phoebe was slowly "tidy-
ing up,n and Will and Rex sat looking
into the fire all Of them were silent
and thoughtful. Presently Will took
queer looking white paper out of his
Bible. It was divided into little
squares, each square containing q
figure and was q "plan" Of the Meth
odist services In the Whitehaven Cir
cult.
,"Mr. Huddleston's going to preach
tonight, wife I'D fain go.u
"Thou can't 70, Will.p
Will looked at the paper longingly,
and folded it back with q sigh.
"I'll 20 with you, WILL"
But Rex thou dunnot like Metho-
'"No, but / like thee, Will; and II
thy heart Is set on going, I'll see thee
safe there and home.u
So Will and Rex walked to the little
ugly brick room called o "chapel !"
and then, after all, Rex went In too
for he wanted to think, and the con-
gregation would likely trouble him
less than Phoebe. He heard the sing
ing, and felt kind Of pang In con-
tIasting the weak notes with the
hearty shouts at which he had often
laughed three months ago. But, be-
yond this face, he noticed nothing un-
I'll the preacher said:
'.Frisnds :? You have all heard OF
Billy Dawson T'
"Yesi" .Yesl" "YesI" from volces
I'm all parts OF the ROOM"
"What Of him ~
HE can "a thrQwsny wretlsrin Cum
s'Es: - ~ ~ bu'l-doss q shs
cQ4n4yt'' ~, u e ~ n * ~ y
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22

the treasury Is unable to redeem legal
tenders at the designated time it is GER
.tainly competent for Congress, and
als0 its duty, to order the notes pre-
sented for redemption To be stamped,
and bear the current rate of interest
from the day named. He thinks that
the Redemption act is equivalent to q
funding act under certain circumstan-
ces, and that It is therefore not prob
able that a contingency Of default on
the part OF the government under the
Redemption act can occur. He says
"Jfan unexpected amount Of legal ten
der notes should be presented at q Civ
en- day for redemption, beyond the
amounts of coin at the immediate com.
mand Of the treasury, the credit OF the
government being unimpaired, the
sale Of bonds would proceed. giving
ample means, within q brief period for
q renewed redemption; and thus, after
redemption once commences, it must
go on, as IL were, automatically; the
legal tender notes, by the circuitous
action Of the sale OF. the bonds for pold
and the exchange of the legal tender
notes for gold, being practically con-
vertlble into flve per cent ten wear
gold bond, ifthe government cannot
obtain gold at q less rate" Mr.. Wells
likens the benefit to be gained by re-
sumption to the benefit gained bv a
workman who exchanges bad for O
good tool.
Mr.. Ewing says the Resumption law
Will effect the early and complete de.
striction OF the legal tenders; that q
large accumulation of gold In the treas
ury fs not necessary for the purpose oi
resumption that the New York gold
ring could supply most OF the coin
needed, for II would flow through the
treasury and back to Wall street with.
out disturbing the gold market much
more than tI,owater drawn through q
mIllrnce disturbs the general coup<
4 Saa eslt3sst J & :. q tl.a siF?a He esys 4
"a : ss| & s! Pa q a. y
The Lake County star., 1877-11-22

ar ~ I'
"Tm no coward, by GEORGE! It's
my duty to secure David Hartly, and
III do Il II / go to-"
"I've warned you. DO as you like. f"
The banksman expressed perfect
willingness to "put him down." and
perfect ignorance Of Dawes where
abouts IN the pit-"though't m'appen
the viewers knew 1t was none Of his
business"
"I'Il 20 down with the gentleman" I"
said Rex, seizing the rope and down
they went together. When they got
to the bottom of the shaft, Rex said .
"If you have had enough OF this, cir,
Ill see you to the ton again. You'd
better go back" tl5EIsf
"No, by George! I'll have my
"Very well yonder Is one of the
viewers. must go to my seam."
Rex thought no more Of the consta-
bic until noon. Then, In the great
hall where the men gathered, he heard
them fiavoring their bread and bacon
with rude jokes about him. Dave
Hartiy was inerriest of all; whatever
trouble there had been was evidently
settled. Rex was thinking Of very
different things. When he went
home, Will was worse; he had a high
fever, and Phoebe said she felt ray
therly baddish.u Before midnight
Rex was walking into Whitehaver for
q doctor; Will was delirious, and
Phoebe very Ill. -. 49,.
Next day he did not leave Will.
Just before five o'clock the man In his
dellrium said something about q pit
and q constable. 1t was aS II some one
had struck Rex.
"What do you say, will?" he ask
ell and the sick man m1ttered In 9
tone Of horrors 1.-THE rats The ratsl
He'll no fight 'em much longerI's
Rex selsed his leather cap, and ran
To- the PIT. The men were Just ''locs'
sws ss': :!s: s; ss,:s:s :. s:.;,:s s'S 8 z: (;
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
bIOOhD dIt UAUIIIUgs
The following are the quotations
New York Produce Market.

NEW YORK, July rs.
CoTToH-Market is steay; middling uplands
at 49,.
FLoUR-Market is dull. Receipts 1900 bbls.
Sales 5000 bbls.
RYE FLoUR.-Market is quoted steady. Sales
OF 200 bbls at $475@5.25 for superine.
WHBAT-Market is quoted as declining In
price. Receipts $4,000 bush. Sales OF 1900
bush.
RYE-Market quiet.
CoRS-Market is quoted at I@1c lower.
Receipts OF $4,000 bush. Sales OF 1000 bush.
at b9H@63Zc for new western mixed none
given for old western mixed.
BARLEY-Market nominally unchanged
0ATs.--Market dull. Receipts OF $4,000 bush.
Sales OF 10000 bush. at 92a5Sc for mixed west
ern and state, and 4o@62c for white do.
PoRK-Market is steady. Sales OF 100 bbls at
Sl4 80.
LARD.-Quoted as steady and quiet. Sales
OF tierces at SO 1893 AN.
BUTTER.-Market is quoted at 1902 for
state and Pennsylvania new.
WHIsKY-Quoted at 81 lis per gallon, gov
ernment gauge.
EGGs.-Market quoted quiet at l9@2Oc for
state and Pennsylvania.
PETRoLEuM.-Quoted at 7Hc for crude;
refined at lyL@l5c.
C9AL.Firm at 81 2s5@s rs per cargo, for
anthracite.
LBATHER-Quiet. Buenos Ayres and Rio
Grande light to heavy weights 22a25c.
WooL.-Market is quoted as heavy. Domestic
fleece at s3Cs5eo unwashed at loassc pulled
10000.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Murdered by a Tramp.

CHICAGO, July 2S.
Among the incidents of the riot here on
Thursday night was the murder of James
j. White, member of the board of trade.
AS Mr.. White was patrolling his beat at
Lawndale. suburban village, he discover
ed suspicious character. and at once ar
rested him. He had taken his prisoner a
short distance, when the tramp began to
resist and suddenly drew = revolver from
his pocket and placed 1t to Mr.. Whites
forehead, fired, and killed him instantly.
He then escaped, and vigorous search has
failed to.discoyer his whereabouts.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Massachusetts,.

ALL CLEAR FROM BOSTON TO CHICAGO.
BosToN, July %.
The agent of the Blue line has received
from the general manager, a dispatch
which says: "The Michigan Central ad-
vertise they are now open for west bound
freight. Everything is clear to Chicago.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Western Delusions,

EVANSVILLE, Ind, July 2S.
A meeting of business men last night re-
solved that the stagnation of business is
due to the administrations policy of forced
resumption and the contraction of the cur
rency, and they demanded the repeal of the
resumption act, the abolishment of the
bankrupt law, and that the silver dollar be
made legal tender for all debts.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Fires.

NEW YORK, July 20.
Williams's fire brick wsrks, Trenton,
Mass; loss $4,000 Miller's stove works,
Leipsic, Ohio; loss $4,000.
A fire in the operating room of the
Western union telegraph Office this after
noon destroyed the switch board, tempor-
arily disarranging the wires.
Hap's match factory, Brooklyn. jar
din & Weiss bier brewery and four frame
buildings adjoining were badly damaged by
fire; loss $4,000.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
By Gable.

By Cable.
FAMINE IN INDIA PREDIoTRD-BUT GOOD
NEWS FROM THAT REGION.
LONDON, July 2S.
The marquis of Salisbury said yesterday
there is reason to believe a second period
of famine is settling down over the vast
district of southern India. Even if wide
spread suffering could be prevented, which
was doubtful, severe epidemic must COM
plete the work. Bombay kilograms to-day
report a rainfall in India and prospects
more hopeful.
COMMENTS UPON ENGLISH PERFIDY.
BERLIN, July 2S.
In consequence of the dispatch of British
troops to Malta, a campaign has been open
ed by the entire Russian press. Some
fiercely declare that odious England is
fighting Russia even now, saying that
Egyptian troops have been equipped with
English money, while all agree in regard
ing English autagonism as matter of in
ARRIVED OUT.
LONDON, July %.
Steamship Vile de Paris from New
York.
TERRIBLE CASUALTY.
PARIS, July 2S.
Seven soldiers were killed yesterday by
the accidental explosion of q shell in the
easement of Fort Mont Valarien.
ENGLISH SYMPATHY WITH THE TURKS.
LONDON, July 2S.
The departure of troops for Malta yes
for three cheers for Turkey was responded
to by the departing troops.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
The Indian Campaign

THE INDIANS STILL ouTNUMBER THE WHITES
HELENA, Montana Ter, July 2S.
Advices from Mssoula represent the In
dians as 300 strong. Twenty regulars and
fifty volunteers are entrenching at Lola
canon with promise of more volunteers.
Additional troops are requested. Capt,
Ransom reports that he will demand that
the Indians disarm or dismount, or will
give them fight. The governor has ordered
all men obtainabe to be forwarded to Mis-
soula.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30

Inc cabinet council on Thursday ap-
proved the eastern policy of the govern
ment, and resolved to postpone any new
determination until the arrival Of absent
members who have already been sum-
moned.
MASSACRE ny BAsuI BAZoUKs.
LONDON, July 28.
A horrible massacre of Bulgarians by
Bashi Bazouks is reported at Yeni Saghra.
Not soul would have escaped but for the
arrival of the Turkish regulars. Bashi Ba-
zouks, Circassians and irregulars treat all
villagers the game way, brutally ravishing,
burning and pillaging.
WHAT THE RgINFoRoEMENTs MEAN.
LONDON, July 30.
The Times, alluding to the reinforcement
of the Mediterranean garrisons, says 1t is
the perfection of the art of disquieting and
annoying one side without comforting the
smallest advantage to the other.
NIKoPoLIs OCCUPIED.
DUOHARhSTJ Juiy @O'
The South Romanian division of the
army crossed the Danube to-day and occu-
pied Nikopolis.
MIDHAT PAsHA IN LONDON.
vienna, July 80.
The Temps special announces that Mid
hat Pasha will go to London Tuesday. He
has not been called to Constantinople yet,
but the porte has entered into some kind of
relations with him. Midhat says he can
better serve Turkey in London or Vienna
than in Constantinople. He does not be-
lieve in early peace or direct treaty between
Turkey ond Russia.
SHARP FIGHT.
LONDON, July 2S.
A severe engagement was fought Thurs
day night at the village of Esrdish, little
northeast of Pasgrad. The Turks fought
splendidly, repulsing several attacks of the
Russians. The engagement was not deci
sive, and the Turkish forces still hold the
village.
MIC SIC.
CErTINGE, July 28.
The bombardment of Mic Sic continues
the Montenegrins victorious.
EXODUS.
CoNsTANTINoPLR, July %.
The exodus of the inhabitants from thu
threatened districts continues en- masse.
RUSSIANS RRPULSRD.
CoNsTANTINoPLE, July 2s.
The Turkish official reports claim tn,
Russian cavalry attacks on Yeni Ssghrt
and in the direction of Oslan Brazar, hav,
been repulsed.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
An Arrested Official.

PHILADRLPHIA, July 29.
Joseph Woodruff, secretary of the South
Carolina senate, charged with forgery and
larceny, has been arrested here.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Weather Indications.

WAR DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICRR,S
WASHINGTON July 29-1 a. m.
For New England, falling, followed by
stationary barometer, southeast to south
west winds, stationary or lower tempera-
ture, partly cloudy and local rains
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Arrested for Forgery.

BALTIMORE, July 2S.
Bradford d. Clark of Boston was arres-
ted to-day, charged with obtaining 100000
from Winthrop, Cunningham & company,
Philadelphia, by forging the name of a
New York party,
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
General Grant.

GENEVA, July 2S.
Gen. Grant, after laying the foundation
stone of the American Episcopal church,
was entertained at a produce breakfast.
Gen. Grant remains until Monday and will
make tour of the lakes.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Stabbed.

BosToS, July 2S.
Patrick Riley fatally stabbed John
McFall at East Boston, to-day.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Death From Sunstroke.

NEW York, July 2s.
There were four cases of fatal sunstroke,
in this city, yesterday.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Freight for Europe.

New YORK, July 2S.
-Four steamers sail for Europe to-day,
heavily laden with breadstuffs, provisions
and commodities.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Revitalizing the Charter Oak.

HARTFORD, July 2S.
The reorganization of the Charter Oak
insurance company has been decided upon,
with ex-Postmaster Gen. Jewell president
and Senator Eaton among the directors.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Failure.

New YORK, July %.
Thomas & Co., commission merchants,
have failed; liabilities $450,000.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
. West Virginia.
TROOPS DEMANDED.

BALTIMORE, July 20.
The regulars have gone to Grafton and
Keyser on requisition. of the governor Of
West Virginia, the strikers having declared
the Baltimore and Ohio road should not be
opened
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Retained in Office.

WASHINGTON, July %.
Gen. Ketchum will remain as general ap-
praiser at New York.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
Rise in Coal.

New York, July 2S.
Coal has advanced fifty cents per ton.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1877-07-30
PREPARING FOR WAR.

A Victoria dispatch says the dock yard
is preparing for active service in case Of
war. Esquimalt will be the depot for vic
tualing and coaling English cruisers.
FORWARD MOVEMENT ON TUESDAY NEXT.
NEW YORK, July 28.
The Heralds Idaho special gives Gen.
Howard's order directing an advance on
July 80 on the hostiles in two columns
one commanded by Howard TO march over
the Lower Lola trail via Missoula City,
Montana, and the other to proceed by way
of Hangmans creek and CGur de Leon
Mission toward Missoula City, to cooper
ate with the first, prevent Indian reinforce
ments, and quiet the settlers. A reserve
column will remain near Croesdale's farm
on Cottonwood creek, and send out scout
ing parties. The troops will carry twenty
days rations and forage on the country.