, 1877-06-07

generally Alfalfa 3tA max1num height IN lnnc. or
saFly in July. It then becomes nearly stationary
for sotne time, thsn slowly subsidies I'LL October,
when temporary rise ordinarily occurs Al con-
sequence Of ihe autuun rains. In winter It II |
generally closed with leo for considerable period
Last winter, which was exceptionally mild, 1t re-
snatnod open during the whole season. |
From, the point where it emcrgts from the Portcs
le Fer. near Turu. u.sercrn, tho right bank-ser.an
- far a. Segotln, and bulgarian from Sc9otIn to
tho Black Sea-ts abrupt and mountainous. except |
ALoEa THE DonnupscnA.
Tic left bank Is low. ,uarshy, studded With
Islands. and Numerous secondary arms Of the river
etrafRle Of through the boxKJ ptana. On this side
are the p1ucpa1 af1uents, tlc Jill, the Auin. tho
Arges. the 1a'o}nitza. the Bcreih. and tho Prush.
which all descend from tho Cn.pathtans Of traverse
them, gathering the watcrs from the Routnantan
slope, and form refitabte deltas where they join
the Danube. Upon tho right bank aFe nnmerous
torrents, but no streams OF importance.
From time immernoslal the Danube has been o
military frontier and line Of defense OF the ffss
importance. The Turkish towns along IT. coursu
ara Upon heights aud In positions en,,nenuy fssos.
able for defense. Opposite to esch. OH tho left
bank. IL Rouman!an town, established originally
for the security Of the country, and in moro recent
times maintained
FOR COMMERCIAL nEAsoss.
Most Of these noau,anlan towns arc near tho
mouths Of fise1. lint the difference between tho
strategic conditions Of the t~o banks il striking.
On the Turkish side everything II adaptcd tor de-
fense, and sscn for attack taking Into account the
range of the K;upp cannon. On The contrary. on
tbs Houmanian side thero u nothing favorable
either for attack or defense, except At two points,
.-Kalarasca Ana Ka1afaL-whefc siight enllneaccs
might permit the bomtardmcnt Of sflIstsla anI
Wtddln. At the must the numerous islanjs, tho
multiplicity OF afnlA Of the river, and tho low
surc Of the banls on The Isounantan side, present
difficulties to !nrasion md to IT. occupation by IN
army coming from, the Turkish shore. such that 1t
would be necessary to control tho raver through
very long extent in order TO cope with them
TUE TU1KIsH ToWNs
have long bcen fortified, and during Eix months
past tho work OF strengthening them has been
nfged forward with sa.eFash energy. Rust.
chuk and Widdtn arc totttesaea Of tho hrst In.
pos.ance, wblo on the Itou,nonlHn bank thcro
are only haat!ly constructed defensive works
thrown up br tic E,uss,an forces during their 70.
cant occupancy. Tho Roumanlans have nescf had
tive resources OF tue neca1sary authorization to
fortlfy IL -.
Tho width Of tho Lower panubo II extremely
variable The principal i.ottsn not naoso than
500 to l. COO yards Ia width. hat Including tho
secondary anas ahe mirage width IL from j. zoo
to 900 yards, frequently interrupted. It IL true.
BY tongues OF land which arc submerged at high
wAtss. At GiurgoYo. where ts1dso has bosn pro-
Nustchuk aud dt 0tutgcro, tho width il
NgAaLr $500 rARps.
Tlsse il hardly more than ono other point vhers
tho stream II moro narrow md it, Watars 10 ell
hemn1el Ia: that lies between kalAtaseh and
Oltsnitzn OIL the HoumanIan hank, corresponding
u siI!stx:A and Turtukai on tho Turkish side. On
tho CONTRARY. thtto IL many paint where. It high
water, the Danube expands to breadth OF IRON
ptne to len kilometres tsousthtng fnors thtn from
Nvn IN Ent1faf, tritNnt At N1Iiu. n width
between Wilain and Ka1asat Is over 3, 700 yards;
at piket, opposite Rahoss, It IL nearly two and 4
half n,Ites; aud At Turn aIagurslii. opposite Stk-
opolI, 1t Il still broader. Gus cau only gire ap.
pro1mate figures in tho emo Of stream the level
year. This width at given tln,a dcpend4 on
TIE BfATE or ITS WATERS
at that t!ms; or accosuing 70 Tho new arm. that
se.asns IS ssonon s'S CTR u Z; s'sos'
tins. the rsvot h.s Inundated ths ls!t isak n n
t'1 pass winter Wa mid and a.oi4t; anows trtl in
Koutnanla las not ceased from Dsing soakcd. and
| la many places useraoweu: 70 man! reasons for
hs a Il III ns*;a 1'
.he .h sange s Of ruIElsh eaanol,,
COMPLICATED AND FERILous.
On IT. sEds, tho Turkish A1u,y docs mt appear Ia
think Of crossing the panabs ana this ,a5 !. s,a.5
enough to understand; 1t would thus 1eopafulEs,
highly penblauatea!. ths mseuf6ernt positoa which
II otcuP1as, and which ~ present rseEJthlhs both
Sy.: I "a; yas ,s e &c seear, r.
poluU which aan1c. thsn 100 directly. TA!..
| opposed, ~ 10 likely TO be tho ease. ..
1t dps4 not seca probAhlS that the Hnhs!ans will
!, anusg oso Y ks, 'iSs s = az
| seek, By various p,aneuvEcH aud felnss, to
pxcKIrH THKIH ApvKRaAntxR,
and TO aebatk q soins paint ds,sna
| eisewhers. Thsrp sre three points which aesn1
adanssd to snch IN undsf,aktns: tho enYtrnna Of
l.n'st,. The sa,it9ns r. .! oa'sx OF OF n'a''a, md
| 1t lslnal1,, ons IL opposite tho Dobrontscha
as IT, N ss panas
il \ vsFtAbls 1sRune; oA either vide only lakes,
marshes, amt natural canals aso to " sssn. Ths
otstaeles Ia the wsy Of the psasaRe OF army arc
enofMoas; tho only motive tho Aua.tan. soalt
ba1. attempting IL. g ths faes that The Turk
sxs9.s IL ss It wausd asa,se ~ visoeaas W ,t1.:e apos
tho Etyes. It. would scquiru large unaount Of a"o
itrtts tor bslazcs sna ~oa14 assa to bs su'tA'ast
L4A0E CONCENTRATION Oy TH0oPs.
| Tho passa.s effected, ths eoEns a'srnse Woult
4ass to stlenpt 70 turn tas fossfss&es which an
long distance 70 tho west u would also b. neeos
sasy " maintain communications between tho swt
sides Ut tbs river. To uiass ruox, sud all ths, IN
dor eouditlans thu most unfa,otable. upon gEnunt
cot IN by water. .cou..c.. InunIstsa. aud thEeaten
| lug 10 Ylnk underneath theMt.
| Opposite Galatx aud BsallA the pan1bs " stil
| very vide and ~ vulnu,s diHuscd. TITO natoEA
dlteultIs4 ars neatly thu 1an4s ~ u l.nlsll, 10
tbs Hoamaplaa bank ~ tulicsut!y elusatsd 70 ftr'
IN opportunity tor b1mbas4tua tho fuskish hlssfls,
aud 10 suppost With ARTILLERY ths attempted pas
H kAiaFuseh the Danube IL oaly about ., A0o
yasis u width 1hs l.aaaags wouIl ho
| NUHR UANuEknua,
~ Il xuuld have to te uaals uuef the Kanb Of sll
issrt., bo, IT, by bold cup ds tn.ia, loaxsa,sn
mAiua4p and Of julsnvdls.s utility; IL WOE u throw
invading tosss !ase ~ hsstt sf nst...ss ~
| Ulsius III tha UIubovitxs and Vi tAs Izlomullza
With tho. :, ssilwsy from Dushsssst >.
| what4res poiut mar bs selected, tbs pAs*aga vii
not se a.temptsd aat al shs psspatstsn,t IT,, ~
| to occupy eoasldtrablv pesiol: L!tIla by lsttls
| Tho forces Ut ths lisaud naks SlcholA. ara sstab
I IlsLlnk themselves along the shores ffnas lsmas
| we4twt!d, and only when united. ~ fax - Hala
! TIE GKAGD BLOW
| hA sfiuek xaYefaI pOfntx. Qult