, 1877-04-26
speech Of Won aloltkc WIS only made 10 sceurc the
appropriation asked tor.
MUsCOV1TE AND T1rnx.

,UFuhAH EhF1Hk-C0NftNuED TERRITORIAL
ACQUISITIONS HI THE CzAf.
Hxao 1o4k Htra'd
From the ltht moment TINT the ldea Of cetabl!sh-
Ing marine for tho Raastan EmpIre occurred TO
Peter the Grrat hfs attention WAS directed 10 the
Euxlnt, Of Hack Sea, and Il wNs then that the
magnificent scheme Of atsctehing the Muscov,te
ddm1nions to an extcnt unparalleled In the history
Of nations became fxed policy 10 b. unfaltcFinRy
pussucd. Toward tho close Of the seventeenth
century Turkey was Power Of great strength and
insptrsd fear III over Europe. Peter, taking I'd
vantage OF tho moment when the Venetnha and the
Emperor appeared 10 bc making strong tmpres.
sion on the sulsan's territories, declared war on
tho Ottoman Porto. Ills real motive IVES 10
secura An extension Of bis frontier toward tho
South. Azof' then belonging to tho Turks. was
an Important fortress Atandtug tho paint at land
wtcfothe waters Of tho Don fail into the Black
Sea. Peter. in 4 subordinate stallion, joined tho
army ahat laid eiegt to Azof. Twelve armed ves.
sela that ho canaedAo be built tho River vorone-
il were brought down 10 Tho acs. The Turkish
fatt WIS beaten In ihelr own hasbor and Axot
eapitatated in July. 1000. The first use the Gear
made Of this valuable scqutslton was to establish
doek.Jar uudef The shelter Of the fortress md 10
commence tho Augmentation Of his feet with 4
WOW to Danish the Turks from sheir coatts. This
WA the Foundation Of Russian powes In that qnnr.
isE; 1aa which nearly e.erI good Rnssian. dreams
ornf ". Sophia, IN Cunesantnople.
AFTKH Fut.roWA.
Atee the memorable battle Of PultowA the swed-
employed ait hls interest IN Conetantsnope 10 pre.
vail upon the au!tAn to undertake d war against
ssl9 ~h1c tho aata1 y was ea.. induced e en-
the Mnaeovite troops on the frontiers Of Turkey
sd tho taR!dIy extending power q tho Ga. On the
Tattars naturally regarded with apprehensto the
!suseisn cstah'!shment At Axot, which tho. Turks
had heen forced to snfrcuder frw years before:
cs.ss. Z ,e ns. M l.
tuem into a declaration Of ho.ti,ltos against tho
Swedish King Joined hs voice ior rar sssln.t Pe. .
tex The Turk: determined apen hos.s!ss.t.. IN OF.
det to render the feelings Of Tug Sultan nore de.
arrested In the s&Feets and committed to the Castle
of tbo Seven 1owers This almost unheasd.of In
aes9 whin spest ~ Il ts H. Fenps
Il: HHias..ade: Il Leadaa. sentssty % sls snts1;
qaent!y giten. War being determined apon
msnts. diy,:on ot 4 sroops ~ waS % seat la.o MoI
dava, smother to Lizonia, and l!ecta to tho AEof,
the nal.!e, and tae n!ask sea. The Gar te7 aet-
ha bsins dast1i5ated 5a a Ia II dasent auspte ani
falling to Join him on the Pratt, ~ he expected,
ssot e - ;9ss!tsss 70 proceed With 'n army that foil
THn uATTLE or TIE PHuTu.
Catharine, who hnl been cspouscd by the Gar,
g s T. IT, Ts ss9 81
] es!stsd IN aet ssIaf yoiasa Viz : see.i"ssaat a
llanslnn rlet found htmPef nt tho heai ii ii, in:
sdssass fess II The heart 81 viz aad 1afsa
Turkish army hid crossed Tho Danube and Ma
marching niona the iruth. Teter determined 10
M ms rs, ses.s a
On the nth OF Juno .the troops arrived
'e' r!''s .,tssa. sss tAsx :xpa "f5s ssy oss sss
they discovered the enemy, 10 tbs number Of ZOO,
TT us u o@ M The Il sstss.
snd rstet peseet.ins !nst tss Turks wese g.;
III Is Hostile Tarta!: 81 ths e'ns. & eenf!ontsd ths
Rassasns Of, ono side ana ths Rrest b:,dy Of To
but Tic Cars ,prrsenee of mind md ioaon,lsable
"D me,s1 = q @ I'm He t0sa h' hs5,
pfepsfsa aes 10 rsocIvs ,no dl.otdesiy bat furious
ufs H.nsfb + u. Tho nar.n; 1H. s' .bs@s s1sS, n
chatgo The 9gat sontiaasd ie< ,htee M day.. r. md
ned Inc neinE sr as 1at
sonat mediation ot tic Emrfr.s Cathsrac sas.
tanRe ia. % the Vsef VII soaa se hsva ssrsea u
n7nibtce under such cffcnHstanceB, when tho ftus.
:ss; e. n,s 'os h %s, Bs nS
cd 10 thu Danube, and that smother dlyaion Of tho
army was on its lnnreh ttom tho, frontier. ct ~.
pcter tic terms - upon willis 10 vshei 10 termln.te
| tho campaign, knowing that II hc postponed the
acatnst tho whole farce ot the Empire.
| nKAvr Lossxs NJ uoT1s ARM!Ks.
| Ths conditions the Gar was forced 70 accept
tho restitution 1t Axof tho demolition Of te har.
bor OF TAganrog, the rrIouneoucut Of o1l further
ssekn frec passage fos the Swedish King hack 10
ssa The ba's!e Of tbs psath. fatal In g. results
annals Of history. II tho statements Of reter b<
so1rest h,. asny i q n ts H. A.: ss5 o. ss o osngsss
lily, and was redueed on tho iast day 10 r., 600
rsn, which womla make hta lo4s amount IL over
~: 600 men,, The loss sustained hy tha Turks wa
} seattcnl ucthol Of attack. Thcrn can b. no doubt
that thu cxsF fought It great disadvantage. md
os IL Enp:: s s sssn I
would haye proved an almost fatal bio" " Aua-
cov!se powrsfn Europe.
The result Of tho campaign upon the bank Of tho
Pruth. VI which Potter surrendered many I'M
lloftant sdranaeee which hs lAA pte1ions!y oh
queut laeursiona Of c1imean Tartars. and tho
aaus4ty sstus.l of ths P9ste 70 tssSsD.s sas
w. Vs. .aaast ihs Tsrk;s. iie n,sia ample psrpsfa.
tIuns for tbs project, bat his death arrested IL
casharina I. sud Peter IT,. The kmpress AnnA de-
trrn.tncd IL renew tho design, aud found no oJ>-
pasltlos In Obtaining . prcie1t tor 4 bfrach. 'Tas
ltussiAn army In lT5a severely punished the Offend.
lug TattaEa, but rho latter their atght laid thrls
c0untfy tn 1sheA- and IL was tmposs!b!o to fnd sub
astcuet fof the troops, aud they were consequently
obliged to retire. tis Lascy now laid sicgs 10 AGO
and fcducea II, tahlnr it, Turkish garrison prts
oarrs.. The sal!An wns etsn now unwilling e Z
cuu,sa4t h(ulsrlf ~ wsf With ttuss(A cuntca4 Will
tbs advantages he hnd gainea By llr Treaty VI th.
| l'ruEh; and even now that NusslA had gained on.
1T lie ccdct f1fta md war Prepared To folsoW vi
tho yietoty, hs preferred to aeek tsrsn4 Of aeeaua
mediation. Amstrin ~ss !uyite4 ~ act ~ u,edator
| hnt that luwet wAx bound 10 furnish KrAsia 20,
UO0 tstt,ps. md decided 70 thtuw hes uhol
strength On thc AascoTse ssde. greatly 10 the con
strtnatlun Of the Turks. Ths blltan lost no tint
| In preparing for The campaign. liz raised nes
teyics and rnppcd iiret fur Tho protection Of lh
EWxtne. Thc HussssM army, ssscnKthsAtd BY 10.
0tsU recruits, wss scuufate.l Iuto two diyIs9aa on
| Ut which, under tha command OF count Mulch
| proceeded in l7i7 ta OtchAkud. oh the kuxi inc
~h!lo Gen. Iascy, with The other, sntcfed tn
Cs,mea. Tte objects proposed " be atsa,ned b
| thass s&ecdlttotM Wctu nut adequate y the az
pendituru shst attended them. .uschAkoo submit
ted. oI!d lie CEflnrA Wis again desotaltt. THE M
| all haasis gained hy tbs sacEiace Ut o. 00u Ut lr
| veteran tsuops. The war CONTINUED three yeasa
| but nothing Of snhstnutlal advantage was gained