davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12
The SiIk.WOrm.

Is a caterpillar and If II lived
through the existence intended for IL
would eventually become moth, which
naturalists call a bombyx. 1t was dis
covered a great many years ago that
they produced a fine article of silk
which might be used with advantage in
the manufacture Of different garments; I;
In other words that "there was money
in them" Consequently they have
since been carefully fed and treated.
The caterpillar thrives best upon the
leaves Of the white mulberry. After
Matching from the egg it feeds vOra-
ciously, mOults three or four times, and
attains a length of about three inches,
being of pale green color. it now
ceases eating and prepares the cocoon
in which 1t is to pass the chrysalis state.
If you would know the exact method in
which this cocoon is constructed you
have only to capture a few of the large
green caterpillars so common upon the
willow during summer and watch them
for they both perform the operation in
exactly the same manner They are
near relatives to each other. The sub
stance from which the silk is produced
is contained in two long sacs, one on
either side of the body. A thread from
each sac passes through a tube or duct
in the front of the head, where they are
cemented together by kind of gum
forming one thread. The caterpillar
first forms loose, irregular structure,
inside of which it constructs the firmer
oval cocoon of one continued thread by
moving his head around from point to
point in a zig gag course. If left alone
he would after while complete his
development, make his way through the
end of the cocoon and become a hand.
some moth. But under cultivation, by
steaming or otherwise the greater part
of the chrysalids are killed within the
cocoon. By placing the cocoon in warm
water the gummy cement is sOftened,
so that the silk may be reeled of. The
cocoon of one healthy caterpillar will
produce from 600 to 1000 yards of silk
thread.
Although what have told you has
been in great part only interesting facts
in the life-histOries of insects, you may
have noticed that in the investigation
of the embryology and metamorphosis
of insects, other facts have been dis
covered which in a commercial point of
view are of fincalculable value to us, and
from which we are all of us every day
deriving benefit
The discrimination of nOxious insects
from those we can utilize, the medicinal
properties of certain species and the
finding out of the exact stage at which
time insects are most damaging to our
crops, and the best means of preventing
the same, are all subjects of great i'm
pOrtance to us.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12
He Would Have IL.

The demand for blue glass has been so
great during the past few weeks that
an advertiser in the paper, whose stock
was nearly exhausted Tesorted to the
following method to obtain exorbitant
prices for what he had left.
A customer comes in and asks" Have
you any blue glass;"
"Yes, we have a little; ! believe, one
pane. What do you want for itP Is it
for a lady or gentleman 7"
ut is for my wife,"
"Well, the glass used for ladies has
been so much called for, that we have
only few feet left"
Customer: "Well, | must have some,
it can get It, l have been to several
places"
Salesman: Take seat, sir, and ] will
send back and see. Tom, have we any
No. "a left 7"
Tom: 81 will look" Hunts for blue
glass, and returns saying there is just
one piece, about 7x13.
Salesman: "Well, we don't want to
sell it all; we are very sorry, sir.n
Gus omer: ~ will give you your own
price for that pieceR"
Salesman; "Well, you can have it
for two dollars; but would rather keep
it," And he got his price.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12
The Little Bear.

The Little Bear is small but most
interesting constellation. | do not
think that the Little Bear, like the
larger, one, was so named because of
any imagined resemblance to bear,
The original constellation of the Great
Bear was much older than the Little
Bear, and SO many different nations
agreed in comparing the group to a
bear, that there must have been real
resemblance to that animal in the con
stellation as first figured. Later, when
star maps came to be arranged by as
trOnOmers who had never seen bears
they supposed the three bright stars
forming the handle of the Dipper to
represent the tail of the bear, though
the bear is not long tailed animal.
They thus set three stars for the bears
tail, and the quadrangle of stars form
ing the dipper for the bears body. 1t
was not formed by fanciful folks In the
childhood Of the world, but by astron-
omers. Yet it must not be imagine d
that the constellation is a modern one.
1t not only belongs to old Ptolemy's
list, but is mentioned by Aratus, who
borrowed his astronomy from EudOxus,
who "hourished" Gas the school books
call it) about 800 years before the
Christian era. 1t is said that Thales
formed the constellation, In which case
it must have reached the respectable
age of about $500 years.
But if the Little Bear is not very
fine animal, tits most useful constel-
lation. From the time when the Pb9-
nicians were as celebrated merchant
seamen as the Venetians afterward be-
came, and as the English speaking ma
tions now are, this star r-group has been
the cynosure of every sailors regard.
In fact, the word "cynosure" was origi-
nally a name given either to the whole
of this constellation or to part of it.
Cynosure has become quite poetical
expression in our time, but it means
literally "the dogs tail.
Admiral Smyth gives some particu-
lars about the two stars in the Little
Bear called the guardians of the pole
"Recorde tells u.s." he says, "in the
Castle of knowledge nearly three
hundred years ago, that navigators
used two pointers in Ursa-' which
many do call the Shafte, and others do
name the Guardas, after the Spanish
tonge,' Richard Eden, in 1884, pub
lished his 'Arte of Navigation and
therein gave rules for the 'starres,'
among which are special directions for
the two called the guards, in the mouth
of the horne, as the figure was called
(The pole-star would mark the small
end Of the horne.) "How often says
Hervey in his "Meditations," have
these stars beamed bright intelligence
on the sailor and conducted the keel to
its destined havenl'-St Nicholas.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12
"GOD KNOWS"

Oh Wild and dark was the winter night
When the emigrAnt ship went down,
But just outside Of the hsrbor bar,
In the sight Of the startled town
Tbs winds howled, and the sea roAred,
And never a soul could sleep,
Save the little ones on their mothers breasts
Too young TO watch and weep.
No boat could live in the angry surf,
No rope could reach the land;
There we're bold, brave hearts upon the shore
There was many ready hand
Women who prayed, and men who strove
When prayers and work were yain,-
For the sun rose over the awful void
And the silence of the main
All day the watchers paced the sands
All day they scanned the deep;
All night the booming minute-guns
Echoed from steep to steep.
"Giye up thy dead, o cruel sea r
They cried athwart the space
But only babys fragile form
Escaped from its stern embrace
Only one little child Of all
Who with the ship went down.
That night, when the happy babies slept
SO warm in the sheltered town.
Wrapped in the glow OF the morning light,
1t lay on the shifting sand,
As fair as a sculptor's marble dream,
With shell in its dimpled hand
There were none TO tell Of its race or kin,
God knoweth the Pastor said
When the sobbing children crowded to ask
The name of the baby dead.
And go when they laid it away at last
In the church-yards hushed repose,
They raised a stone at the baby's head
With the carved words-"God knowsl"
St Nicholas.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12
A Promise.

A promise should be given with eau
tion and kept with care. A promise
should be made with the heart, and re-
membered by the head. A promise is
the offspring Of the intention, and
should be nurtured by recollection. A
promise and its performance should,
like true balance, always present a
mutual adjustment. A promise delayed
is justice deferred. A promise neglected
Is an untruth told. A promise attended
to is a debt settled.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12

Rev. DR.. Houghton has been pastor
of the "Little Church Around the Cor
ner" for twenty-seven years.
AT Florence, Arizona, there Is a res
turant kept by Chlnaman, with
Mexican wife, negro cook and white
man for q waiter.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12

The New York Open Stock Board
has disbanded, and the Gold Board will
close up May lst.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12
RATES OF ADVERTISING.

Marriages and obituary notices over one
square, charged for at half regular rates.
All local notices 10 cents q line for each
insertion.
No notices inserted for less than hfty
cents.
The weekly herald. [volume] (Cleveland, Tenn.) 1876-1888, 1877-04-12

And Miss Trevanlen paid her board
bill, with the inward conviction that
the Horizons and she would remain
apart for the future, which conviction
was well sustained by the Horizons /;
while to dear, foolish, loving, jealous
Jessamine came such undreamed. of
happiness that 1t more than thousand.
fold atoned.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07

rroposci 20 is-ua three per cent bonds, |hlca
the creditor would greatly prefer, if endorsed
by the people, to six per cent bonds, when
would oever be paid. As for the coupon
clause, which has becu considered the great
Stumbling III ok to lcadjustmeut. there were
various ways said Dir. b. Of treaklng its force,
and he suggested that sou issue for sale to each
taxpayer certificate Ct State indebtedness tor
the amount of his taxes and sell it to him at 80
cents on the dollar. But | can say 20 more
upon it fJr want Of time. Suffice 1t to say that
it would put the man Who pays in money on
par with The man who payslD coupons. Ii the
bondholdcr is slowed, said Mr. B., to pay his
taxe5 at 80 cents or 60 cents 10 the dollar. eX-
tend the same privilege to the taxpayer. Fix
the price Ct tie certificate" and the "bc nds
at the same. AID thus make taxation equal and
uniform. Mr. 3. said the legislature should adopt
tie policy of passing % act until all her just
creditors are on the same footing. Let this be
kept up, and let the bondholders be informed
that it will continue until they make up their
minds to come to fair and equal adjustment
Mr.. B. rcpudiated the idea that he was re-
pudialioust, but sl!d the real regulators were
,hcs, who were sustaining this Funded Bill, y
thereby regulating ten millions of dollars as
sacred and bindiog as funded bonds of bond.
holders. lie alluded to the bonds held by Wild.
cws. orphans and minors. MIR. Stuart, the
Alag Tecneo olthe bondholders, characte rizad
this Discrimination as ''inrquitable. lie
characterized it as odious ard uojust. Mr.. B.
concluded By sayiog that the plan be proposed,
or something similar, would pay the debt, or
approximate towards it, leaving the govern.
ment to be carried on at 40 expeos. not exceed.
Ing % or 80 cents 90 the 500 dollars.
QUID NUNC.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07
The Eastern War.

The London Times correspondent, who was
present at the capture Of L1Vaiz. estimates the
actual Russian attacking force at $4,000, with
one division 10 reserve. fIe says the capture
seems to have been effected partly by sur,
prise.
The bombsrlment Of Rus.chuk by the Rus.
sian batteries at Slobosia was commenced on
Wednesday and continued 90 Thursday. The
Turks from Widen on Wednesday night at.
tempted the capture OF Chupercheri, near kala
fat, by landing from boats, but we're driven
back by Roumanian battery. The garrison
Of Widen is now eight thousand strong. hav'
ing been augmented 90 account Of the war;ike
attitude Of the Ser7ians.
Mehenet Ali telegraphs FROM kechoWa that
Eyoub Pasba's army corps, which was divided
into two columns, attacked the Twelfth army
corps on the banks of the River Lom. The
Russians were defeated, abandoned the fortiti
ed positions and recrossed the river in disorder.
The commander of the Russian cavalry was
killed, and their loss was three thousand 10
killed and wounded. The Turkish loss is said
to be two hundred killed and seven hundred
wounded.
A dispatch FROM CoustaDtiuoplc says: The
Turkish commander in Herzegovina reports
that band of two thousand Montenegrius sur
rounded village near Presslka, Intending to
get cattle and corn. During the night a fresh
band of MoutenegriDs arrived, whom the first
band supposed to be Turk. A fierce combat
took place, 10 which seven huodred were killed
and great number wounded. The mistake
was not discovered until the morning.
The Russian headquarters have been moved
from Gorney Studen to Bulgareni. 1t is not
known whether this is Russian advance or a
retreat from the neighborhood of the Ja0ra
line.
LONDON, Sept. IA dispatch to the Times,
dated Erzeroum, September 4:b, says: The
battle of Kiztekc, which resulted in the Rus
slams being completely driven from their posi-.
ton at Kedalar, cost the Turks 430 in killed
and l 400 in wounded Kiziltepe Hill. which
was held by five battalons of Russian infantry,
the remainder having withdrawn to Kardeck
on the 23d of August. was attacked at 2 clock
on The morning of the 24th by two divisions
under Ali Pash and MANNED Bey. They were
both wounded. The Russians outDumbered by
ten to one fought bEayely. but we're driven Oft
from their main camp. They camp uD about
nine O'Clock and made three unsuccessful at
tempts to carry The bill by storm. These were
most CALAMITY repulsed by the Turks, vino 6nal-
" remained masters of the field, and have now
strongly entreuched Kiziltepe Hill.
LONDON, Sept. IA special dispatch from
Constautinope by way of Sgrla. to the Times
says: Three thousand wounded from Sulelman
Pash's army have reached Adrlanople. The
English doctors report 1000 more at KazaDllk,
and that at Shipha they lie all over the
steep hill sides. The Turkish Badgad army
$4,000 men) is going to Nisb. The uneasiness
at Coostantinople about the attitude of Greece
has subsidized, but there is still great distrust OF
Se1via. A further issue of six million plastres
par er money has been determined Oh.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07
News of the Day.

ct Wa9okoneta, o., Wednesday, night tie
county treasure: WAS seized. gagecl and then
take ! TO the courthouse, Whsre after being sub.
ected to 4 severe ordes! of fro, which was plac.
ed between his fec. as hs lay upon the floor, ne
he WIS compelled to divulgo the combination OF
the county safe, ard some S4OC was taken
therefrom. Mr.. Myers. the treasurer, WA dis
covered next morning in helpless snd suffering
condition. His wrists, feet, mouth and face lea
witness to much suffering. Mr.. Myers was the
outgoing treasurer and should have delivered
up the Office on the first OF September, bat own
ing TO some delay in the settlement of account:
he was still IN possession.
Tho Baltimore parc:s ssys that Co.. r. Clay
Crawford, said to be identified as Osman Pasha
came to Chestertown, Kent county in 1867 a1c
published q paper there. bic cit suddenly
about 1873 Mary .nders in tho Egyptian ser
vice wrote home of an American officers known
ss Osmsn Bey, in the army CT the Khedive, and
4 personal DISCRETION tallies with that CT Cr&w
ford, who was TIL and stalWst with q reckles:
bearing.
On Monday last the barn Of Nat. Willis, llv
lug near Summit Point, Jefferson county, w
Va, caught fire. from the steam thrssher engag
ed in getting out his wheat. ard the building
containing about !, 200 bushels Of wheat - ton:
of hay and some farming implements, were des
troyed.
Eight miners were dreadluily burned yestor.
day by an explosion of gas in the Pho nix Park
mine, near Minersville, Pa. One man has died
and Thomas Lloyd, q brother Of the proprietor
is among the Injured. blast made by one 81
the workmen caused the disaster.
The international cereal fair n Vienna opento
on the 9th of August. The numbsr of pro.
ducers and grain merchants present exceeded
ter thousacd and the amount CT business trans
a lai i'm
A special postofice agent has detected pass.
ing through the mails circulars of what is stylto
the Second Royal Dominion Gift Concert" tc
take place in New Brunswick, November 5Oth
The whole affair is a sWindle.
A sale Of forty two snott.horn Canadian cat
tic is reported in England. realizing sixteen
thousand two hundred and eighty guinoss and
yielding sn average Ct neall = two thousand dol
lars head.
VIM. NJ. Tweed yesterday commenced giving
his history of ring frauds before tho n. \. Alder
manic committee charged with tho Investigation,
His disclosure; consisted mainly CT the name; q
those concerned in tho ring.
There will be deficit of eleven million Tur-
kish pounds, according TO the financial estimates
Of Turkey for the present :cs year. to be raised
by taxation.
The President has rec ntly raldoned mora
than dozen persons for various offences rang.
lug from retty larcany up TO countcrfeiting snd
robbing ths mails.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07

district the 6nanciaI system recommended 10
the minutes of the last anuusl co5tercrce was
carried.
Conference Adjourned at clock.
At 730 q. 10. large congregation gathered
a, the church. Rev g. ". +. Hummer
preached from the pa:atla Of lIa :ower, after
which Rev. J. L1ndstreet presented the claims
of the StauDtou Female Seminary.
Rev. W. X. Boyle, of Alexandra, will Ice
ture to morrow night for the benefit OF The ncE
cburch-sutject, "Ooly drop" 4 large at
tendance is expected. A. '.
FAIRFAX c. H., Sept. An interesting
feature in the session Of yesterday was the
prescucc Of Samuel RHsin, colored local
preacher Of this Church, Leesburg circuit.
The Presiding Elder called upon him to ad-
dress the Conference. He said be Was very
glad the Conference had determined to express
its sympathy for the colored people and the
colored NJ. 4. Church, and thought it would
do good. lie found that the coloTed p; opie IN
country places were very ignoraut. lie had to
teach them from the Bible; n fact it vas teach
all the time. His was labor Of love. lie d.!
not get SO year. Coored people did not pag
preachers as they might.
Rev. W. X. Boyle inplore,i be divine
blessing upon this man. VITO was evidently &C
tuated by the spirit Of the Master, and the
Conference responded With hearty amen.
The following is the resolution referred To 10
the report Of yesterdays proceedings:
"Whereas the NJ. f. Church South has ever
manifested the warmest interest 10 the welfare
of the coIored people. and has demonstrated
this most positively by carrying on aD cxtan
sive missionary work among them before The
war, and when uodcr changed circumstances It
vas deemed expcdieott to Set them apart uoder
church government cf their own, the NJ. H..
Church South transferred many thousand
members and ell the church aud ether property
occupied by them to the new organization; and
whereas this new church, the Colored NJ. Il.
| Church OF the u. S. A., is now extending lis
work throughout our bounds; therefore
| "Rcsol7cd That in vicw of the fact that this
new Church is cotircIy noo political 10 its char.
acter ADD under thorough religious influence,
we most cordially Welcome our brethren Of this
Church 10 our midst, ADD pledge ourselves to
give them all tie aid and comfort We can go
long as they maintain the principles underlying
their FIRST foundation. A. Y.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07

Priocc Bismarck and Count Apdrassy are to
have meeting at Salzburg on the 18th or 18th.
Some correspondents attribute this meeting to
mere courtesy, but Others think that the chan
ces of future mediation will be discussed. Earl
Derby, speaking at Liverpool last evening, said
he did not think the present moment favorable
for any Intervention by third parties 10 favor of
peace, but the time might come. and it might
not be far distant, wien Eugland's good Offices
would be acceptable. He assured his hearers
that whenever, in the Governments judgment,
that time arrived they would not lose the op-
portunity.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07
PUBLISHED DAILY AND TRLwEEKLY BY
EDGAR SNOWDEN.
FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER :. 1877.

The extra Cabioet meeting yesterday was one
of the most interesting that has been held during
the present administration. All the members
were in attendance excepting the Secretary OF
Navy. The ooly matter considered was the
New York Custom House appointments, and
the removal of Mr.. Cornell. 1t was finally de
termined by the President that The public 10,
terests will be better served by the appointment
of new officers for the three leading positions 10
the New York Custom House. The changes
will not be made until af;er the meeting of Con-
eress, and there il DO intimation from any re
sponsble quarter as to who will probably sue.
coed the present officers. The correspondent
of the Baltimore Gazette says IL Was Cor
nelps frmoess aud determination that made
Mr. Sherman tmid 10 Cabinet about advising
extreme measures with him, ADD member Of
the Cabinet is authority for the statement thai
he even advised the President to take DO actor
in the matter till Congress met. which wa:
finally resolved upon. Secretaries Evarts and
Schurz we're 10 favor of bringing dowo the az
without any delay, thinking Cornell had openly
violated the established rules and should bt
promptly punished for bis offsnse. So the
matter ends for the present with Cornell on
tom
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07

Madame Theirs has declined TO allow the
French Government to arrange the funeral cor.
tege. consequently the decree for State cere.
mopy has been annuled, and the Government
will take 90 part except paying 10 the deceased
the military honors due the former chief of the
State. 1t is feared 10 Paris that the abandon
meut Of the Stale funeral will convert that
funeral into political demonstration, and may
lead to breach of the peace, provoked by the
violent tone Of the Bonapartist press, particu-
larIy the Pays. The Defence says that all pc.
litical manifestations will be put down with the
utmost vigor. The Cuirassiers have been re-
called to Paris.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07

The Social Science Congress, at Saratoga,
yesterday, had number Of Interesting papers
before it, Including papers BY J. Randolph
Tucker. Of Virginia 90 the relations of the U.
S. TO each other as modified by the war; aud
by W. L. Trenholm, Of South Carolina, 90 the
social and industrial condition Of the Southern
States. J. Randolph fuckers paper Oh the
relations of the u. S. to each other as modified
By the war and the constitutional amendments.
showd the strong State rights doctrines held by
the Southern States aad sustained by the
courts before the war. He closed by apnouoc
ing that the South accepts all the amendments
adopted as bindicg, protesting against the mode
Of adoption as preceden:s. They decrease the
powers Of the general government and put
limitations 90 State power but do not organic.
ally change the relation Of the States to the
Uoion.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1877-09-07
The wolkipgmcu's party in Baltimore hav;

The wolkibgmen's party in Baltimore have
nominated joseph Thompson, blacksmith,
for Mayor. 10 his speech Of acceptance he
made no promises further than that he would. il
elected, work for the interests of the laboripg
classes and try to do his duty faithfully. One Of
the speakers at the convention said that Beuia-
min Z. Butler was at present the ablest and
creates! man in the United States, but bis op-
ponents attempted to crush him because hewas
friend Of the laborer and descendant of work
men. If he will stand by labor, as he has
heretofore done labor will stand by him, and he
may yet be President of the United States.
IDeri:ive cheers, slight applause and cries "Oh,
no; you're mistaken" and great laughter, dur
log which the speaker took his seat.