Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1877-12-22

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broken the glass The frs, lighthouse on
the Eidyssooes was begvn by Henry
Winstsnley in 1886. and finished in 1eos.
1t Was q sort of wooden pagods, on .
stone base. 1t stood only four years, be-
ing swept away by = storm in 1903, and
the builder and several wOrkmen, who
had gone of to it for the purpose of max
ing some repairs, persisted At the same
time. No trace of the men was ever
found, and not fragment of the build
ing remained except few scraps of iron.
But Winstanley had demonstrated that q
lighthouse could be built on this fearful
ledge, and Rudyerd accordingly, who was
not q professional engineer, but q silk
mercer, completed another on an ingen-
ious structure of wood and iron, in 1909.
The wood seems not to have answered
very we'll, but the building lasted until
1855, when it took fire one December
night in the lantern, and the keepers
were driven from room to room till they
reached the rock, whence, the weather
being fortunately calm they we're taken
off the next day.
Smeaton's great work, which has since
served as . type and model for the finest
lighthouses in the world, was begun in
1866 and finished in 1850. He secured
a magnificent foundation by leveing off
the gueiss rock in horizontal steps, 80
that every course of masonry might rest
upon true horizontal bed, and, to pro-
tect the ground joints. still more COM
pletely from the action of the sea, he
caused tho lower courses to be sunk at
least three inches in the solid rock, a. in
q socket. All the cutting of the founda-
ton was done with chisel axd hammer,
lest blasting should loosen the rock.
The materials used 10 the building were
Portland stone and granite, laid in n.y.
draulic cement. The blocks were ton
and two tons in weight, and carefully
dovetailed together, every course being
adjusted on wooden platform before the
stones were carried to the rock. The
courses were furthermore connected by
stone bowels, and the whole firmly
clamped. To find the best and strongest
shape for the edi6ce which had to be
built upon the foundation, Smeaton ap-
piled to nature. He initiated the trunk
of tree. The lighthouse tapers grace
fully to the top, with slightly concave
outline, and its base spreads outward as
if it were rooted in the rock. The upper
part was originally of wood, but being
burned in ITO it was rebuilt Of stone.
The enormous difficulties encountered
in the execution of this work, the inge-
nuity and perseverance displayed in over
coming them and the full particulars of
the plan--one of the most skillful COM
bination of elements of stability ever de-
vised-are we'll described in Smeaton's
Narrative" and, in spite of the progress
that has since been made in mechanics,
the Eddystone Lighthouse has never
ceased to be the pride of every English.
man, and one Of the marvels of engineer
ing. If it now must be destroyed, the
nation will have the consolation Of know
ing that better building can be erected
in its place. Although the sea beats in
vain against its walls, it can not be re-
garded any longer as lighthouse Of the
first rank. There are some modern i'm
pfovements which cannot he applied TO
H. Scsesce his discovered hos to throw
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