davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16
Winter Butter.

A woman writes to the "People," Concord,
N. H., giving her experience, which we give
for the benefit Of our farmers wives for trial
or not, as they see fit:
Many farmers wives cease to make butter
at this season because it wi Il not come easy
1t is certainly very annoying to churn for
hours, perhaps days, and after all, as is some-
times the case, the butter fails to come, our
labor is lost and the crea m spoiled. But
there is a sure way to overcome this trouble
and propose to tell how it is done.
To begin at the beginning-scad the milk
when it is "a or 36 hours old, and skim the
next day. This is the Devonshire practice
and is preferable to scading the milk when
new. If you have but little milk you will
not collect enough cream in one week for
churning, and the cream will acquire dis
agreeable smell. To prevent this put lit
tie saltpetre in the bottom of the cream.pot
and mix it we'll with each skimming this
will keep the cream sweet for two Or three
weeks.
Before churning, place the cream-pot in a
vessel of hot water aud let it remain until
the cream is so warm that when a finger is
placed in it there will be no sense OF chill.
Scald the churn, pour out the hot water and
pour in the cream; but before chnruing add
for four or five quarts Of cream, one table,
spoonful of pulyerized alum this prevents
the foamiug that in winter keeps the butter
from coming.
Follow these simple directions and you
will succeed in getting butter as quickly in
winter as in summer.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16
The Boss" Cow.

A great deal has been said of the yield
of butter by COW owned by A. Scott, Esq,
of Craftsbury, but no two stories we have
heard quite agreed. We gladly give place.
therefore, to Mr.. SCOTS own statement, just
published in the New England Farmer. And
we unite with Eiitor Cheevcr in asking for
the native COW which can beat the record.
1t shows that if it pays to keep q COW at
all, it pays to keep her we'll. These records
are wonderfully stimulating
Last spring, statement appeared in the
New England Farmer making my COW yield
AZ pounds of butter in IA days. or three
pounds per day. That statement was cor
rect. The first four months, while in the
barn, she made $50 pounds, and in eight
months she made 800 pounds. At the end Of
the year, twelve months, her product reached
633 pounds. A few years ago, had COW
that made in twelve months 504 pounds
making the difference l29 pounds in favor
Of this COW. The question may be asked,
"What should make the difference ?" The
answer is, bought the first COW when she
was five years old aud she had been poorly
kept. My treatment brought her up to
make her 504 pounds Of butter. This COW
raised from calf, and she has been good
beef all the time. That is the way l ac-
count for the difference in the cows. Her
feed has been twenty pounds of hay per day,
fed in three feelings, cut from the tenth to
the twenty-6fth Of June, and cut again the
first of August, and with four quarts of po.
tatoes, morning and evening. That has been
the feed in the barn iu winter, with pasture
in the summer. These cows were of the
same age nine years, coming ten, aud are
native breed, so called.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

CoLoRING BUrTER-As to the method
Editor Chcever gives his views last week.
which, being new to many, We publish for
their benefit We have always coored the
cream in the churn instead OF the salt as he
suggests but shall try his method
We are entirely opposite to the practice Of
applying artificial color like annatto in the
churn. 1t is wasteful, as large portion Of
the color goes into the buttermilk. 1t is more
difficult to hit the same shade every week,
as the natural color oil the butter will vary
more or less. The strength Of the cream also
varies according as it is free or mixed with
milk in greater or less quantity. Applied in
the SALT with scales for weighing, one can
shade to a very nice point without risk of
OVERRIDING the thing. Color and work small
batch, and if too light, add more in the next
batch, or less il too high colorcd, then work
all over evenly, aud the desired shade may be
obtained. When using colored salt, one can
know exactly when the salt is worked in
evenly, aud there is, consequently, less dan
ger from overworking
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

SoRrBNERs for March opens with finely
illustrated and written article on the New
York Aquarium; choice sketch oiGilbert
Stuart's early life by his daughter; an in
structive illustrated article on Princeton
College; another on household furnishing.
about Beds, Tables, Stools, etc. sketch for
for botanists on Pitcher Plants; Gen. Nc
Clellan's Winter on the Nile. But most
noteworthy is an Exposition of Life Insur-
ance. The poems are good-one on Gen.
William f. Bartlett. The stories, Nicholas
Minturn, and Farmer Bassetts Romance are
the chief.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

Coon OxrN.-The "pesky little" Jerseys
have not crowded out all the good cattle
yet, as the following note in the New En-
gland Farmer seems to show l have re-
Gently examined two pairs of oxen which
deserve record. The first pair, owned by
Q. w. Lovctt of Oxford, Mass, are eight
feet five inches in girth, and weigh 4S0O
pounds. There are but few better in the
country. The other pair are twins, owned
by Joseph IL. WOrtben, Post Mills, VT
They are beauties-girth a little over eight
feet estimated weight 1900. 1t will be
hard to find anything larger or better in this
part Of the country.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

AMERICAN PLows FOR Russia The
American Agriculturist for March lst says ::
One Of the most noticeable of recent occur.
rences is the purchase of ten thousand Amer.
lean plows by the Russian government, for
distribution among the farmers of Russia
There is more in this than would seem to be
at first sight. 1t is certainly great COM
plimeLt as well as valuable acknowledge.
ment Of merit to American agricultural i'm.
pement makers, but it implies that the COM
petition Of American farmers in the European
grain trade has touched what has been con.
sidered an iuvulnerable spot. The wheat
growers of southern Russia supply what is
known as the black sea trade, and being
much nearer to the market than we are, their
wheat has had great advantage over ours.
But American wheat has displaced the Rus
sian wheat, to considerable extent, in the
English market and the Russian farmers
have now to exert themselves to hold even
portion of that trade. Hence it is determi ned
to try the plows that we are using, with a
view to produce wheat more cheapy than
hitherto. But there is something else needed.
The man that holds the plow is Of moro ac-
count than the pillow, and there are no farm
ers in the world who are more intelligent or
more skillful than American farmers. But
we cannot afford to rest upon what We have
gained. The important fact here noticed
shows that our competitors are by no means
idle, and intend to improve their methods of
work as far as possible. We must meet their
improvements by others Of our own.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16
Jersey Cows.


We are strong believers in the value Of
Jersey cows for butter dairy, not necessa-
rily full-boods, but grades. Now if our
farmers would get good Jersey bullock and
not only be sure that he is a thoroughbred,
but that he also has the points of excellence
as laid down in herd books, and raise stock
from their best butter-producing cows, they
would get good herd in few years. Our
opinion of the value of the Jersey stock has
been greatly improved by recent visit to
the herds in Pomfret, where the COWS range
from $50 to 800 pounds of butter each,
while we have thought ourselves quite well
off if we made half that amount from our
ordinary dairies of native COWS. We would
not depreciate native cows, but it is the
height of absurdtY to say that jersey COWS,
which for generations have been bred with
particular reference to their butter-making
qualities are not better than the average
native cows which have not been bred at ALL
only reproduced just as it happened. How
often do you find the average farmer going
about the town or the county after bullock
of first rate qualities for his herd he uses
such as he happens to have, and is 1t any
wonder their COWS make only from 100 to
$50 pounds Of butter per annum? Here
are few lines we found in the American
Cultivator respecting our favorite Jersey
cattle which we commend to the wise consid-
Grafton Of our readers
1t is claimed by darymen of experience
for the Jersey COW that she produces the
largest amount of food of any breed known
A late record Of Jersey herd of fourteen
COWS, in Massachusetts,, represents the aver
age yield per COW for 1876 at 1926 pounds,
or 26l6 quarts per COW the largest yield
reported was 1892 pounds per COW; there
were two COWS of this herd that exceeded
5000 pounds per COW, and three more that
exceeded 1000 pounds each. There is the
record of Jersey COW imported into Mas
sachusetts known as Flora, color fawn aud
white, whose milk made 5ll pounds and two
ounces Of butter in fifty weeks, an average
Of ten and one-ffth pounds per week, the
COW not having been forced in any way,
winter or summer, she having had only Or
dinary feed. The milk Of Pansy, Jersey
COW in Connecticut, was trustworthy re.
ported iu the Boston Cutivator as having
produced STA 5.l6 pounds of butter in one
year. 1t is recorded of a Jersey COW in
England that her milk made nineteen pounds
Of butter week, for three successive weeks
a fact deemed so extraordinary as to be Gu
titled to record in the parish books. A
breed of cows with such possibilities is justly
entitled to the fostering care Of dairymen,
especially butter-makers for it has been
found that in proportion Of one jersey to sil
other COWS, the butter is so improved as tc
sell in the market from six to eight cents {
pound more than it commanded before the To-
PRODUCTION of the Jersey.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

The TRIBUNE ALMANAC is invaluable for
the intelligent reader of any party. Besides
the ordinary calendar, there is the constitu-
tion of the United States, which we do not
believe one man IN five has read within ten
years if he ever read it, with the various
amendments, tables of commercial transac-
tions of our country, with tables showing the
condition of the cotton, woolen and other
manufacturing industries expenses and rev.
enues of the government; the platforms of
political parties the officers of the govern
ment, congress included; statement of the
national debt, and the election returns from
the country at large. Altogether it is one
of the best "almanacs" with which we are fl-
miliar.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

HARPER's MAGAZINE for the current
month is number of great excellence. 1t
opens with an article on cotemporary art
in France, companion piece to the
one on art in England. 1t is valuable
not only for the knowledge it contains re-
specting the characteristics, eNcellencies and
tendencies of art in that nation, but for its
suggestions, dropped SO easily and naturally
every now and then into the narration, as 10
the character and capabilities of the French
people. The article is fully and finely illus
trated. We do not think some of our friends
compliment IL. Adolphe Taine by saying he
looks very much like the editor of this pa
per. HeI bert Tuttlc, our accomplished
young Nermonter, now II journalist in Ger
many contributes an article on Prussian
Wends which has u weird interest, and is IL
lustrated. That on Litchlied Hill hy Mr..
Champlin has n fascinating interest, espe-
cially for all lovers of their early national
history, and to those who have fingered with
delight over autobiography of Lyman Beech
er, the paper has double interest The fol-
lowing anecdote of one of its many cultured
and brilliant women is too good to be lost:
Among the ladies ut the national capital
during the second administration of Wash
ington, none was more noted for personalat.
fractions than the wife of the secretary of
the treasury. Said MIR. Liston. tho British
minister. one day, to General Tracy then
United States senator from Connecticut,
Your country-woman, Mrs. Woleott, would
be admired even at st. James's' Sir lre-
piled General Tracy, she is admired. even ON
Litchlield llill.'" A review of Wallaee's
work ON the Distribution of Animals, like
so many articles OF its kind in IIarpers is an
excellent paper, Us is also A Summer Cruise
among the Atlantic Islands. But Webster
on the Constitution is the article We have
enjoyed most, 1t is brief but noble tribute
to the statesman aud his work, The poems
are up to the usual standard; the stories We
! have not read,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

In the choice of fruit trees for setting there
are quite a number of things to be taken into
consideration. The stock on which the tree
is grated or budded should be from hardy
vigorous tree if not your young tree will
stand chance of being feeble. The root is
the foundation upon which to build, aud il
proper care is taken of the tree, which is
propagated on hardy, vigorous stock, it will
stand good chance Of succeeding.
1t is necessary to select varieties that have
been proved to be hardy for the latitude in
which they are to be set, which the mex
perienced know but little about, and hence
the many failures by those who buy of agents
that know as little Of the requirements of the
tree for the latitude in which they are selling
them as they do of the experience of those
to whom they sell, and 1 have noticed that
the less experience person has had in fruit
raising the more likely he is to buy of dis
tant agents, and as time advances aud he
VOWS that he will never set another tree aud
thereby deprives himself of having good fruit
from his own grounds. 1t is necessary for
the planter of fruit trees to consider that
if for home, what his home requires if fol
market, what his market requires.
There has been much done in getting
crosses on the Siberian crab which are valu-
able not only for cooking but for eating, aud
l believe it possible to get good eating ap-
Piles that will stand aud succeed in every
town of Vermont, and am not prepared to say
the pear will not succeed where the apple will
but my experience is not SO far advanced in
regard to pears as apples, still have here
in the Champlain valley pears as hardy as
the Northern Sky apple.
noticed in the FARMER of week before
last an inquiry about the termination of ap-
pie and pear seeds. have no trouble with
them but find the apple seed stronger than
the pair. l think that if the inquirer will
get the seeds out in the fall and plant them
before they are thoroughly dried through
iu shallow trenches barely covering them
do not mean so shallow as to be uncovered
by rains, with sand, leaf mould, some earth
that will not become broken in the spring,
there will be no trouble.
l.. NJ. MAooMBER.
NORTH FcrrisJurgh, March 8.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

FEEDING Coon Cows-At tho recent
meeting of the Vermont dairymens associa-
tion Mr.. Obed Whipple of Pomfret, told how
he managed his herd of Jersey COWS so as to
make them average a yield of 800 pounds of
butter year. lie said that he commenced
last year with sixteen COWS bought two
others in April and sold one for beef in o..
tobcr, and two new milch-cows the first of
November, soon after calving. lie had
hoped to make and sell 5000 pounds of but
ter during the year from his eighteen COWS,
but having sold three from the herd, the aim
was not quite reached. The amount of but.
ter actually sold was 4,957 pounds, aud $50
quarts of milk during the year. lie said he
fed two quarts of corn meal per day to each
COW through the whole year, aud in winter
six quarts of bran in addition. Cuts por-
tiOn of the hay and vets it with warm water.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

WHITE LEGHoRNs. - Undoubtedly this
breed produce the most prolific layers known /;
and as the sale ofeggs at the prices they have
been bringing is far more remunerative than
that Of chickens, it follows that the Leghorn
stock is the most profitable to keep. The
white Leghorns," however, are to my mind
the most desirable; in beauty of form aud
plumage they far excel all others. The
purity of their plumage, contrasting SO strik-
iugly with the large and brilliant combs and
wattles, and their proud and graceful carriage
render them Indeed beautiful creatures
There can be no mistaking the points of q
pure White Leghorn, while tho brown is
open to doubt as to its purity, for the latter
resembles in many points common fowls so
closely as to require the judgment Of an ex.
pert to detect the difference. As egg pro.
ducers, the white are even superior to the
brown, numerous instances being shown,
where accurate account has been kept, Of
hens exceeding the production of two hun
dred and fifty eggs in one year-Germaa ~
to'0n Telegraph.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

RoPP's COMMERCIAL CALCULATOR, Bloom
ington, ILL.,, is n small volume about the size
of an ordinary pocket diary, but of great
value. In size and shape it is made to be
ready for use at any time. 1t contains near
ly forty pages of stables" showing the value
of wheat by the quantity at any price, also of
rye and oats, corn in the ear, and everything
sold by the ton and by the hundred; tables
of interest, lumber tables in great variety in
the log and sawed; contents of tanks, cis-
terms, granaries, corn-cribs; tables of wages
for days and hours mt given rates per week
or month. In addition to these tables there
are examples worked out illustrating these
tables G. g.: "Find the value of load of
hay weighing 1865 lbs. at Sl3.75 per ton,"
problem which would puzzle many farmer
and his son. We know not where another
so practicable and handy book can be OBJ
tanned for the money-one dollar 1t will
require little study, half IN hour or so, to
'get the hang" of the book, and then it will
always be ready Tor use, and we commend
it to our readers rs a useful and handy little
volume
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

DARYING,-The Ohio farmers find Sgreat
advantage in undertaking. One man in
Preble county stated, in a recent conven-
tiOn, that he used expensive tile costing from
thirty-seven to eighty.fve cents rod, and
yet two crops paid the full expense. This
was on low, swampg land. Other land was
upland, rolling OF hilly, which many would
not think needed draining. But this gentle-
man had put in over one thousand rods, and
to use his own words, IL say it pays big"
Another farmer in Holmes county, wheat
growing region, sald that undertaking had
almost doubled their crops. Another in
Lucas county said that land which was for
merly useless, is now the most productive,
may be plOwed earliest in the spring, titled
latest in autumn, and will endure drouth bet
ter than any other land,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

ABOUT CALvEs.---Jesse Owen asks, what
is the best time for cows to drop their calves,
looking to the profits of dairying2 Presi-
dent Huffman; should prefer that they
all come into milking in March rather than
April. As early as February would be
better than in April. jesse OweH Of
about forty five cows in our dairy thirty
have already come in, FEB 10Y and we have
been making and sending off butter for some
time. Last year they came in early and We
received as much as five hundred and 6fty
dollars for the calves. A COW that drops
her calf in February is worth more, take the
season through, than one that calves as late
as April. Nj. A. Thurston My choice
would be to have my COW come in just in
season for the milk to be good when she is
turned to grass.-HitsJandman.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

THE POULTRY YARD is n little manual
sent us by Orange Judd Co., NewYork. The
first part of the book is devoted to an ex-
position of the author 's---Prof. A. Corbett's--
method of hatchingeggs and rearing chickens
by means of horse manure alone, dispensing
with the traditional "settin' hen," and his
story is rs fascinating as novel, and his
surprising success almost equal to any in
Robinson Crusoe or DE Verne's works. The
book contains rules for practical poultry
devoted to the diseases and remedies of the
poultry yard. Prof Corbett is an enthusla st,
but his work seems practical, though little
surprising in some portions As it costs about
fifty cents any one at all interested in poultry
can afford TO purchase it.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16
The White Solomon Oats.

Raised pure from seed imported from Liverpool, are
believed TO bo the most profitable variety for the New
England States and possesses the following merits
They Weld large crops of heavy grain from 90 70 50
bushels of 81 lbs TO the acre is no uncommon Weld
raised the past season 1852 bushels on acres They
are not subject tO mildew rust, and do not lodge
hndly They grow several oats in hull, and are per-
fectly hardy and adapted to all kinds OF soils;
Many testimonials to the superiority OF thes9 9ats
enee may be had to c. Horace Hubbard and IL; IL.
Howe, Of Springfield, Vt, n. S. Clark Esq, Of Ran;
dolph VT Hon Levi Bartlett of Warner N. H.. and
the Commissioner of Agriculture, who have tested
them and know whereof they speak. The W Farmer
soVst 'pThe testimony in their favor Is unanimous
offer these oats at the following rates, delivered AZ
r. r. Station or Express 0fioe' peek, or los. 70
cents; half bushe l6 lbs, Sl.2ji bushel or "
lbs 1900 No charge made for packages or sacks
All orders with funds, promptly hlled.
JAMES R. WALKER.
Weathersfeld, VI, Fob. /, 1877.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

cation we're used.
The professor explained that this test could
not be regarded as entirely satisfactory or
conclusive for it was on too small scale and
for single season. But the measurements
and weights were accurate, and it at least
pointed to useful lessons. Adjoining this
plot one-half acre was divided into three sec.
tions, the soil being as nearly equal over the
plot as it was possible to find it, The mid.
die section contained one-quarter acre. On
each side of this was an eighth-acre section.
On the middle piece of oue-quarter acre Prot.
Stockbridges chemical manures were applied
according to his formula for corn. The
chemicals were purchased of his agents,
Bowker & Co., of Boston. The chemicals
were applied in the amount recommended by
Prof Stockbridge, and by the application OF
which it was claimed that the yield would be
increased fifty bushels Of shelled corn per
acre. This quarter Of an acre yielded at the
rate Of sixty-one bushels and twelve pounds
to the acre. The two plots adjoining. on
which nothing was applied, and which to-
gether made one fourth of an acre, produced
at the rate of sixty.one bushels and thirteen
and one-half pounds per acre. In reducing
to bushels he called seventy pounds of ears
a bushel of sheled corn.
Prof. Roberts stated that the corn on
which the Stockbridge mauures were applied
had the better appearance during nearly the
whole season, but put to the test of the scales
it did not prove its superiority. The rela-
tive amount of sound and soft corn did not
differ materially.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1877-03-16

A QUARTER or half acre Of orchard enclos-
cd with picket fence four or five feet high,
affords an excellent place in which to keep a
hundred or more hens. Plenty of room will
be afforded for the outdoor movement of the
fowls, and tho orchard will be greatly bene-
fitted by their presence. Bugs aud worms
and other insects will be destroyed, the trees
will be fertilized, and large number of eggs
may be sold, besides the chickens that can
be raised.-Dirigo RllTGl.