davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National Republican., 1877-12-05

Probably Child Murder.

Thomas Simpson, (colored,) and his wife,
Amanda, were arraigned in the Police Court yes
terday on the charge Of committing brutal assault
on the little girl Alice Bellfeld who died In Union.
town on Saturday morning, an account of which
appeared In last Mondays REPuBLcAs The testi.
mony showed that the woman Simpson had been
in the habit Of severely whipping this little GIRL
who wY about three years old. As Il appear red to
His Honor that a whipping received BY The child
on the morning that II died had probably been the
cause Of death, he decided to postpone further
hearing until this morning, when Dr. Hartgan,
who made the post nortem examination. will give
his testimony.
An inquest was held over the body Of the child
last Saturday, and the verdict was that she died OF
spasms superinduced by an overloaded stomach.
1t appeared at the time That the child had been de-
priycd Of food for three days and had then been
allowed TO eat excessively.
The man. who Is very black, did not seem from
the evidence to be guilty. the testimony going to
show that the woman, Light muatto was the prin.
ciPal In the sffAir She seemed utterly Indifferent
while the narrative OF her brutality was being
given, occasionally tossing her head whom some OF
the more disgusting details were brought our.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Boys overcoat,. EsEMAs's, 7th and X.
The Feast Of Chanuka.

The feast Of Chanuka Is the jewish Christ
mas, at least As far as the younger generation is
concerned. The feast Is commemorative OF the
great victory achieved by Judeas Naccabee, over
the enemies Of the Jews, and which insured their
freedom The yictors on their return home found
their houses illuminated 10 honor Of their triumph.
and yearly since. the pious Jew and the Reformer
no less takes occasion to celebrate the anniversary
aud wax paper IL lighted for each person. and an
additional one for each for eight nights songs OF
least Of good cheer; generally balls are held and
20 our Jewish friends celebrated the festival by civ.
ing al elegant ball at Masonic Temple last night
tended
National Republican., 1877-12-05
An Exhausted Animal Shot.

Yesterday afternoon, about three o'clock, .
borse attached to driven by william Payne
became exhausted and fell down at the corner Of
Eleventh and q streets northwest. The poor crea-
lure was worn to skeleton, and looked as though
2 square meal was rarity, the bones coming
through his skin In several places II was imp0ssi
bic for him to regain his feet account Of weak.
peas, and Mr.. Gatchrl, seeing the condition he was
IN, directed Sergeant Arnold 10 end his suffering
BY shooting him. The driver was taken To the
station house, and the owner Of the animal notified
oi his death. stop should be put to the practice
OF working dumb animals without giving them
proper allowance Of food, and Judge Smell will
have an Opportunity 70 dispose Of ths case to-day
National Republican., 1877-12-05

DR.. wf1BoR's COD LIVER OIL AND LIMk-Inya.
lids need no longer dread to take that great specific
for Consumption, Asthma, and threatening coughs
robbed or The nautenting taste, and also embodies
preparation OF the phosphate Of nme, giving ma.
qualities Of the OIL and 10 recrcate where disease
has destroyed. II also forms q remarkable tonic,
aud will cause weak and debilitated persons TO be
druggists throughout the country, and should be
kept In every family for instant on the iirst ap
Pearanee OF coughs or irritation OF tho lungs
Manufed only.by A. d. Wilbor, chemist, Boston.
Sold by all druggists.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
SIS ovERooArs. ErsEMAs Bros, 7th and Il.
The Bars At the Variety Theatres Closed

The Bars At the Variety Theatres Closed.
Some time ago the Police Board adopted q
rule that no liquor lcense would be Issued for bar
rooms attached to any place Of amusement On
this account the applications for licenses for the
bars at the Theatre Comique and the Ave
nue. Theatre were rejected. Notwithstanding
this liquors have been sold IN both
places until yesterday when the bars were closed.
the proprietors having been formally notified by
the police To close them The effect st the Avenue
pears that the propriotors depended mainly upon
the receipts at the bar for their profits AZ the reg
ular hour for the matinee yesterday the theatre
afternoon or evening At the Comque last even.
ing the audience was M large rs usual, but the
white'aproncd walters, who glide along the asles
missed. Down In the barroom II looked quite
gloomy Regular attendants at the theatre, who
have been accustomed TO sip their heer as they
watch the performance, are quite Indignant over
the en- f0rcement Of the rule
National Republican., 1877-12-05
A Horse Thief Captured,

Yesterday morning Special Officer Lloyd was
called upon by a man named Gallagher 10 arrest q
solored boy whowas endeavorng 10 trade on horse
with him. Asthe horse WAS fine animal. Gallagher
thinking that II did not belong 10 the boy sent for
The officer. who carried the accused IN the Fifth.
Precinct station. On being Questioned he admit.
Nd that he had stolen the hOrse from man named
County, Nd. An effort will be made " find the
owner. The prisoner gave his name a. William
Sp for hearing before Judge Smell this morning
National Republican., 1877-12-05
A New Law Firm,

By noticing our advertising columns, II will be
seen that Messrs. A. q. Riddle, Francis Miller and
]. T.. Padgett have associated themselves for the
purposc Of conducting a general law business, un.
Der the firm name OF Riddle, Miller & Padgett
Ihese gentlemen are all well known members Of
NE District bar They will practice In the Supreme
court oi uie United States the Court of Claims the
Supreme Court VI the District OF Columbia md
before ihs cummlttees OF Congress aud the various
Executive departments aud Claims Commission.
specially OF the Arm.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Haze lkulI

The baseball fovcr has cooled of, but the
interest still continues undated in this vicinity.
The National will enter the field next season with
but one change IN their present nine Reagan will
occupy centre'beld, In all probability when thsir
fsam will be hard 10 beat Efforts are being made
% fence In the Olympic Grounds and In order thai
ule mattor may assume tangible shape a meetinv
VI the member of the National Club will be held
~ 6sston Hall corner OF Ninth and streets north.
Nest, this evsuing At eight o'clock.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Not Fraudulent Claim-The AcquittaI Of
George w. Briant and william Craig.

George W. Briant and william CraIG
The trial Of George W. Briant and William
Craig, charged with presenting q fraudulent claim
against the United States Government has closed,
Yesterday the testimony was concluded with the
evidence Of Hon. John r. Brodhead, formerly Bee.
ond Comptroller Of the Treasury who passed upon
the claim. The counsel for the defendants then
requested the Court to withdraw from the jury and
dismiss the case as to the accused, on the ground
that the prosecution had failed to sustain the al,e
cations set forth in the indctments J
The argument on this motion consumed the an.
tire day. and His Honor said that the Court should
be exceedingly careful In grsntinsa favorable con.
reference Of the Court had been invoked .ftsr II, y.
on motion for new trial, II a verdict should BE-
given against the defendants. on the ground that
the verdict was contrary to the evidence. He WAS
clearly OF the opinion that the trial on the evi.
dencs, could have but one result, and II verdict
should be given against the accused, the Court
which the indictment was bssed. He said 1t was
utterly impossible for any person TO now doubt
@ hey % S
Tho question OF whether an escort was demanded
or not had no particular bearing Just now on the
1t sufficient for the contemplated action II ne
were instrueting the Jury he would say that ifthese
men were honest In making their demand OF Gen.
Curtis. then i was done In compliance with the
contract. and there was ground for false claims
The only question was whether or not The demand
was made, and on that point the testimony was 10
not doubt usverlty.
He could not suppose that the Jury would enter.
tain any doubt on that point. aud that would de
stroy the charge Of presenting fraudulent claim
knowing 1t to be such.
The worst feature In the case was the staeness Of
the claim and delay IN presenting II to the Govern.
ment, and there had been an attempt to explain
this bad feature. He thought the Government
should rot entertain such claims at all but as long
opportunity to ferret out old claims and bring them
in asking their allowance. Where the defense was
so full In the main portion OF the oense he thought
the collateral branches should not be considered
He did not propose To interfere with the province
Of the jury. but where the defense WAS so com.
pletely and fully made out he thought Il his duty
to say and he should instruct the Jury 70 return
verdict Of not guilty. This was done and the de-
fendants discharged
This panel beinga part Of the old petit Jury, His
Honor eomplimented them for the excellent ser.
vice they had rendered and discharged them from
further Attendance this court
National Republican., 1877-12-05
ovERooATs for boys EsENAs, 7th and Z.
A Lecture on the Second Coming Of chrI

A Lecture on the Second Coming Of Christ.
Charles j. Guiteau,:a Chicago lawyer and
theologian, will lecture at the Congregational
Church next Friday evening, upon Christs Second
Coming. He will present facts and arguments 10
show that Christ came for the second time at the
destruction Of Jerusalem, A. D., 70i that He then
Judged the Primitive church aud the Jewish ma.
ton that the preaching OF Paul and the other
apostles was preparation for their Judgment at
that second coming, and that the preaching Of
Moody, Whittle, and all ministers and Evangellsts
has been preparation, for the final Judgment Is
now close at hand, at which Christ win Judge the
world nom His throne In Heaven. Mr.. GuiteAu
has been lately delivering his lecture through the
new,
sPLEsDID assortment Of holiday goods at
scheller Steyens National Hotel drugstore,
Prices very low,
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Ready to Marry.

Marriage licenses have been issued to the
following parties: J. 4. Galley. of Philadelphia,
and Caroline C. Williams. OF New York II; l. G.
Harron and Catherine Spencer. both Of Prince
Margaret Vandrow. both Of Alexandria, Va:
Frank Davidson and Eliza shremoker both OF
Montgomery County, Nd; James Coleman and
Martha 3, Bundy. Samuel Ross and Mary r. Brod.
ley, w Il. J0hns0n and Alice Perry.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
The yyife's Statement.

M. . HARwIcH, Mass, Sept. n, 1873
.,LEkR SIR I Nel must say Z, " words about the
VEGETINE The physicians said had 10 many
complaints % they did not know what 70 give me. They
sad had bad humor and had the kidney corn
plant, the liver complaint my heart was very weak
shd dent think there !. any one who suffered mors
therc was no use for TO take medicine could not
tyc % through the month OF May. ! truly think the
Y nEiEI !NE1As saved my lie, and my nelghb say
hat the NkGET1NEtasr really accomplished . won
oermi cure In nv cvo, and tell every one whom I
Yours, very u ankiully,
Mrs. J. l. BUTLER.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
DISTRICT lrrlIRs.
Putting II. I.sbor.r. a WORT.

fuesmg the Lsborers atWork.
A delegation representing. the Labsr Ez-
change, asd consisting Of Hon. H. @. Emery,
hessrs. John Hts, A. O. solomons, william Smith
aud other, had an interview with the District
oommisionsn yesterday morning They pro-
posed 70 put the Idle laboring men 10 work on the
sireets, and pay them out Of the funds Of the Ex.
chsnge. provided ths Commissioners would fur.
hlsh the implements to work with and an
overseer 70 direct the men, This was consented 10,
and the plan will be put in operation Immediately
National Republican., 1877-12-05
THE LEGAL RECORD.
, BUSINESS BEFORE TEE cou1rs YES
TERDIY.

Supreme Court Of the United ssatss-The
Mule Case Ended by the Acquittal Of nri-
ant and Crais-other Proceedings in the
District Courts.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Christmas AntioIpations.

The entertainment under the above name,
which commences this evening at the Church OF
the Redeemer, corner OF Eighth and streets, will
VIII each evening read poem written by him for
the occasion. Lady attendants dressed IN Mother
Goose costumes fine music, and q supper are
among the other attractions, See sdyertisemsnt.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
NEW ADvERTIsEMENTs,

Eecture-C J. Gintcau.
Matthew leinbach-Notice
Wanted-By rorbert a House.
Card-Riddls, Miller, 4 Padgett
For rent rooms, 1905 street northwest
Trustees sale Of two three-story frame dwell.
ings on 4 street southeast
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Real Estate Transfers.

Christopher Ingle, trustee, to c. G. Magru-
der, Jr, for sisT7.6s, part Of lot g. square ll. NJ
W. Loomis 10 Thomas Lee, for 500 lots ls4 and
l3o. square g. Smith & Rohrer, to NJ. v. Chapman
for 1900 lots 67 and 6s square 72l. T. p Simpson
70 O. p schofer, for s15, part of lot 2 square 3i7
National Republican., 1877-12-05

Yous0 people, pay attention to your teeth. Clean
them daily with ThurstOns Ivory Pearl Tooth Pow
der, the best dentifrice known. II will preserve
toothacha Much pain and trouble Is caused by
early neglect. therefore take heed In time Price
% and 70 cents per bottle.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
THoNPsos's PoxADg opTIsE.

An oleaglnouS compound OF singular merit foi
dressing tho hair, It's use soon renders hArsh dry
hair son aud pliable, strengthens II when weak
and gives II that rich gloss which IL the charm Of
early youth. Price, 2o and 80 cents per bottle.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
LOCAL MISCELLANY.

ONE visit 10 DIR. Hartley insuros instant relief for
catsrrh No exorbitAnt fees IN advance. Rssi.
dsnee removed to sst New YORK avenue.
Lsftoif clothing, watches pistols, &c, BOUGHT At
HeIloGs, siS ID stfsst orAsri attended ".
National Republican., 1877-12-05

Bowling, the auctioneer, commences the
sale OF miscellaneous books at his salesfooms on
Thursday. evening, At 1880 o'clock. This s q valua.
BILE collection and worthy the attention of parties
who are replenishing their libraries.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Indication

Indications.
For Ne~ England, the Aiddls and South A.
isntie States JdllinJ barometer increasing south
sert 10 southeast winds, warmer, hreatening, and
rainy Wedther are probable.
National Republican., 1877-12-05

CLEANSE the system and purify the blood, remoy.
inE dyspepsia, sick headache, constipation, ALL all
Qurh's Irish Tea will do IT, Sold by ali drurgists
Price, % cents per package,
National Republican., 1877-12-05
The Mason's Island Causeway.

As solicitor for the heirs ofwilliam A. Brad
ley, Mr.. Reginald Tendall has transmitted to the
Commissioners communication In relation to the
damage to the causeway connecting Msson's Island
with the western shore on the mainland, caused by
the recent frcshet, and calls upon the Commission.
crs, as successors to the corporation Of Georgetown
to put the said cAuseway In good repair in compli-
ance with the deed executed by the corporation Of
georgetown and General Mason, on the fst ofJune,
1905 copy Of which Is enclosed with the commu.
nication. BY the terms of this deed the corpora.
ton OF Georgetown provided for Compensation to
DC made TO the proprietors OF the island In money
for any loss or injury they may sustain in case Of
failure or omission on the part Of said corporation
or n successors TO construct and maintain cause.
way adequate To the exigences which might arise
He also notifies the Commissioners that the tenants
o. the Bradley heirs occupying the island are suf
fering great Inconvenience and positive loss from
me present delapidated condition. and that It Is
likely TO cause loss to the Ice company II not imme
distely repaired This deed was between Gen
John Mason, owner Of the island, and Thomas
Corcoran. then mayor Of Georgetown, the purpose
being to throw all the water into the eastern chan.
mel, IN order to clear away obstructons to nayiRa.
ton In the channel below the island
National Republican., 1877-12-05
wrLis ORIGINAL hAcHIsE.sSREAD srREsGrHEs-

The oldest and the beat. All who have used
them attest their merit Sold by druggists. Twenty
twenty 'hve ana thirty cents, according to size.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
FANCY plaid UBters. EIsExAs Bros, 7th and 4
Fine Goods.

We invite the attention Of our readers to
the choice stock Of boots and shoes Of all the best
makes for ladies' and gents. youths, misses. and
children's wear, which Is complete In all depart
ments at the old established and reliable house OF
Mr. T.s. Gartrell, No. 900 Seventh street. corner Of
!. These goods have been carefully selected for
the inter season. and for comfort style durability
and9price cannot be eKcelled. BuTt's celebrated
goods in all widths and sizes Is speciality with
Mr. Gartrell.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Permlts TO BUILD.

The inspector Of buildings has issued permits
to the following persons: william Deits, repair a
frame dwelling, southeast corner Twelfth and r
streets northwest; fs5 K s. Smith. repair A frame
building, Eighth street. between L and NJ streets
northwest; so. II. c. slippy improve building 100
q street northwest; SO Patrick Brodan, repair
brick dwelling 827 street. between Third and
Four nnd-a. streets southwest: 500 Anton
Hcitmiller, repair frame dwelling, o, between
Fourth and Flfh streets northwest StO,
National Republican., 1877-12-05
TRUNKS AND Harness

satchels and Travelling Bags. Pocket. books, &c
cheap for cash, at the factory and salesroon,s o
James 8. Topham, 42b Seventh street northwest
under the Bio WiRE SIGN.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Assignments for To-day.

CIRCUIT coUhT-cHIEF JUSTICE CARTIER.
No. 2s, Blsckford vs. Downing; No. 2el, Wallace vs.
Welsh; No. Sas Draper Co. VS.. Davis; No Sss Mars.
ton vs.. kimmill: No. SS9, Combination Rubber COM
pany vs. Savage No 3is, Jones VS.. Ropey; No. s45,
Sreswell Ct al. VS. sherman; No. 3S5 Brown VS.
Bennett; No b6. Morrison, Herman & Co vs. Den.
yer, garnishee OF Ryback; No. 363, Sinclair vs.
washington GEORGETOWN Railroad Company; No.
S6G Smith VS.. Blcksler; No. 36l, o'Bren VS.,
kitchic' No. 9i, Mcpherson & Carlisle vs.. Cox;
no. Seo; German: American Savings Bank vs.. Cox
d Cox; No. 366, Lstta VS.. Clagelt
National Republican., 1877-12-05

Amuscments Tonight.
NATIONAL Robson and Crane.
ERA.Housr-Rose and Harry Watkins.
THEATRE CoNIQuE-Blue Beard.
National Republican., 1877-12-05

DoN'T PAIL to hear EDWARD c. TOWNSEND to-
night at Tallmadge Hall In his inimitable charac-
ter readings. All who attend will be richly re.
paid, judging by the nature Of the selections and
the well known ability of the reader. There ought
not TO be one vacant seat tonight at Tamndge Hall
National Republican., 1877-12-05

AN ELEGANT consignment Of Singing Canaris
are at Dowlings, at private sale.
National Republican., 1877-12-05

SLIPPER patterns made up in first-class style at
II. l.. STBAsBURGER's,
Sn6 and S0e Seventh street
National Republican., 1877-12-05

JovvES's ISopERous KID GLOVE CLRAssKH.
Price, 26 cents per bottle
National Republican., 1877-12-05

The snfreine Court Of the United states.
TUESDAY, December l. 1877.
On motion Of Mr.. J. ID. Mcpherson, James
D. Hill. esq, Of New Orleans La, was admitted to
practice
On motion Of Mr.. W. p. Bailnger George Flour.
noy. ESQ.,, OF Galveston, Texas, was admitted to
practice.
On motion OF Mr.. 6. g. Hentie, r. Charles Hurne.
ESQ, Of Galveston, Texas, was admitted 70 practice
No; lA 4. Lamont Chubb, plaintiff in error vs.
Chark ": Upton, assignee, &c. Argument contin.
ned BY Mt. N. J. Smiley, OF counsel for defendant
the plaintiff In error.
No. 125. Thaddeus c. Pound ct al. plsintins in
error, vs. James b. Furck ct al. Argued BY Mr. NJ
H. CARPENTER for plaintlfh In error and submitted
by Mr. William +, Villas for defendants In error
No. l26. Samuel II. Thatcher. plaintiff In error
Us. Samuel Kaucher. Submitted by Nj. W. vii.
loughby for plaintiff In error and BY Mr. John o
Charles for the defendant In error
NO. ~, lin place Of l27l The Grand Trunk Rail.
WY Company, OF Canada, plaintiff In error, VS.
hnsel stevens. Argument commenced by Mr. John
Rand for plaintiff In error, and continued by Mr. C.
y. Mattochs for defendant in error.
Adjourned until to-day at twelve O'Clock.
National Republican., 1877-12-05
S MES's overcoas. EsgNAs Bros, 7th and

yRRY fine suits are selling for $40 cash at Roma
Cox's, clothiers, 507 Seventh street.
National Republican., 1877-12-05

VELVET and cloth.top boots to be had at
II. L. SJRAsBuRGER's
306 and 30s Seventh street
National Republican., 1877-12-05
Vatioaal 8epubIitan.
Arrival Of Passenger Trains,

Arrival of Passenger Trains.
At BALriNoRg AND POTOMAC DEfoT Sixth AND q
STREETS.
Norrfro. nVrfn1.
etsk New Surk.espfesa loo. Boston sxpree.
sbT N Y. night sSpi ess. l,37 Riti me- nd express
So, NcIandrA aa. Alexandria
f.30. Alexandria tia New York limited.
~ Mid. Va. southern. lsO Alcsnndria
sett Alexandria. $40, New York mail
~ Baltimore accom-. $50, Alexandria.
serSlNorth and West. s,esn AipxandrIa
~, Alexandria s1j, Midland Virginia
si6so, Alexandria IJ:aD, AleNnndra.
Ildo, Northern pssS .S,Oo North aud West,
usso, Alexandria oeggi, n, o., N ,dlaIld Va.
sAirivs daily Others SUNDAYS excepted.
At BALTIMORE AND OHIO DEroT SEw JERSEY AVE
NUR AND sTREEr.
49,. -, Mo,ntnG HNnbo.
VIZ n. Y.,Phn a Bos en- sts'0, Baltimore nccom.
-: baltimore express tt0 baltimore accom-.
500, western express. 500, n Y. Phil a Bos ex.
~. baltimore sccom. 52o, Western Mail
10, Ered &C, (Met birch, sGa7, baltimore accom-.
6S. baltimore, AnnnI oils .tt1 Baltimore express.
and way, TO. Western exprcss
sN, Mariinsburg and IIa. 'sTn Raltm,r re eSprc~.
Eefsinwn &C, MET brchD s9ih, n Y, Phil 4 hos or.
s1O:iO, Baltimore accom- .iO.+j Baltimore accom-
n:0. Baltimore express.
sAriivc daily. Others Sundays excepted.
- FOR the time OF departure Of trains see sdyer-
tascn sots elsewhere.
National Republican., 1877-12-05

BY Rah-Eiaht hundred bushels Of whea,
70 n D. Hartley, also three hundred bushels TO II.
N. Talbot
RIVER FRONT.
ndsared-Agnsw's wharf-sehooner J. a l.
Bryan. Bryan, Bastern ports with coal
CONDITION OF THE CHANNEL.
festerday anernoon Capt Chichester, ofthe steam.
er Z. {. Knight made soundings Of the Georgetown
inches Of Msaer 4. ordinary iow tide. Aer heavy
westerly winds there will not be over seven feet Of
s'fs shs d ,9r ads that deep The captain report.
para between me two upper buoys not more than
two two HUNDRED feet apart consequently the New York
ing up and down the river until some spproprla.
ton n made to have the channel dredged.
THE CATTLE MARKET.
0f1fnas--4oo head Of beef cattle, 900 sheep and
lambs and 81 cows and calves.
gross cwtj 700 head Of sheep and lambs, al 81 SoS
t9r lambs 80 cows and calves, At saSSss6 each.
sToNE-cUTTERs' STRIKE
The stone-cutters engaged In cutting stone At the
'front.' Of High street Tor the new Georgetown COL
lege building struck yesterday morning for higher
wsges. They have been receiving s2J5 per diem
ton that they would not work for lcss and would
not allow others to do so.
CANAL.
Capt. Masters, agent for the Borden Mining Com.
pany, yesterday visited the Chain Bridge Tor the
purpose Of viewing the damage to the canal along
the Georgetown level. The Captain reports large
number q men at work on the repairs, and III
expected that water will BE- turned on the level by
Saturday or Monday.
GEORGETOWN PARAoRAPHs
The report OF Mr. W. W. Blunt collector of the
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, shows the total mum.
Der Of boats reported at his Office during the month
OF November 70 have been 709 with an average OF
lo6 tons OF coal, making In all 1874 tons During
the same period 663 boats cleared for Cumberland
and intermediate points, mostly light
M \. Adison, NeY York. and Miss n. Moore, Of
Washington, D. C., have apartments at the West
End Hotel
The merchants along Water street have large
forces OF men engaged in removing the mud and
detrfs washed oil them by the recent freshet In
OF the wharves Il Is estimated that there are from
a hundred and twenty-five TO hundred and ity
cart loads Of mud,