davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
THE RUSSIAN ARMY.
Mobilization I'm Russia


Paris april 20l Correspondence of the London
Standard.1
A mobilization in Russia is matter of
no small difficulty, on account of the
extent and scanty population OF the ter
ritory, the scarcity Of communication,
and the precautions which require to be
taken against the population in Poland
and other provinces. The country in
deed Is divided into a certain number of
recruiting districts, but the corps be-
longing to these districts are generally
quartered elsewhere: when the order for
mobilization goes forth there Is chas-
Ser-croises Of men and horses all over
the empire, AS regards the artillery,
Of 10000 horses. Under the most favor
able circumstances the mobilization Of
the RUSSIAN army cannot be effected
under from five to six weeks. As re-
CARDS the army that Russia can
bring into the field against Turkey,
after securing her frontiers in Europe
and Asia, it is requisite to bear in mind
that the popular character of the war
would enable the government to dis
pense with any large garrisons in the
interior OF the empire, and couple Of
divisions at Warsaw would suffice Just
now to keep Poland in order. A couple
q. AalohS, Will Gue!r HeaQQuarCerS at
81. Petersburg, would be enough to
watch the frontier in the northwest,
ana Two divisions would be needed to
cover ODESSA and protect the coasts of
tne Black Sea. These deductions being
made, there would remain available for
the army OF operation IS divisions Of
infantry, "a battalions of rifles. AZ repi-
ments OF cavalry, 20 regiments Of Cos
sacks and 244 batteries, with 1894 pnns
giving total Of upward Of $50 900 men
for operating on the Danube: while
~, 500 men would still be available for
the war in Asia. A'A
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
THE PAPERS THEY READ.
What Papers are most Popular with thu
Cabinet.

| I6Uluet.
Washington Cor. Cincinnati Enquirer
| have been at some pains to ascer-
tain the papers mostly read by the
statesmen 80 Unexpectedly and unpleas-
antly called to power. Rutherford B.
calls for the Columbus Journal, Cincin-
natl Commercial, dips into the Enquirer
and Times at intervals, and when the
Administration wishes to compose itself
Evarts is proud Of the New York World.
1t Is about the only journal the State
Department takes as steady diet.
Carl Schurz rides to the Interior In
one Of those one-horse covered vehicles
that Is purchased out of the contingent
fund Of department ostensibly to
deliver documents and mails, but used
to cart about the Secretary and heads
Of bureaus. AS Carl rides along he
tears open and glances over the news
papers, very like an editor. He reserves
for more regular reading the st. Louis
newspapers the Louisville Courier
Journal and the Springfield Repubiican.
The jolly old jack-tar Of the Wah-
bosh devotes himself to the Cincinnati
and Indianapolis papers.
DeYens never gets out OF Boston, un-
less it be for an occasional dip into the
Springfield Republican.
The War Department has no time for
newspapers. It reads the Washington
and Baltimore dalies, and makes q
frantic effort to keep up with the New
York Herald.
I am told the Postmaster General in
structs his clerk who acts as his private
secretary to read the papers for him,
and IL he finds anything Of especial in
terest to call his attention to it,
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
CHARGES ON COTTON.
An Interesting Document.

The following letter from Mr.. H. G.
Hester, Secretary Of the Cotton Ex-
change, in reply to q letter of inquiry
from st. Louis, will be read with much
interest, not only by those directly con
nected with the production and sale OF
cotton, but by all who are Interested In
the business advantages Of our city:
MAY IL, 1877.
Thomas o. Walsh, Esq. st. Louis:
| Sir-By instruction from President Black,
| beg to acknowledge receipt OF your esteemed
favor OF the 9th inst, contents of which have
been carefully noted.
The editorial of the Times you refer to is prob
ably correct In the main, though not In the sense
| you take It. 1--WE average the amount OF money
trade in cotton, 1t would not be unlikely to exceed
the figures specified by the Times.
| This, however, would include many items incl
dental TO oil shipping points, For instance,
profits from ships disbursements, towage, pilot
age, Watching, repairs to vessel, commission to
ship agents, etc., as well as factors and other
commissions on purchasing supplies for planters,
interest, etc, on advances, etc.
In short, the $40 or more per bale covers not
emily the direct charges upon cotton, but profits
upon all business attracted thitherward by means
OF the congregation OF people from all parts OF
the world who traffic in the staple, and the con-
comitants essential to the handling the large
quantity OF cotton received at this port.
leans makes q fair and reasonable profit upon her
cotton trade, but not more than any other large
market situated upon the seaboard.
In fact, under the system of supervision sue
cessfully carried out by our Exchange in the
presses and on tho landing, the cost to the planter
in expense and loss in weight will probably fall
short OF any port in the United States.
A careful examination OF facts will show that
the diversion OF cotton from New Orleans, so
much talked of, and which has been greatly over
rated consists wholly OF cotton which without
the necessary railroad facilities, does not normally
belong to New Orleans.
1t has not gone from us on account OF excessive
local charges or because other domestic markets
afford better facilities, but simply because, by
virtue Of causes for the time beyond our control,
freight rates from certain sections have been
against us.
To certain extent our political troubles have
operated as drawback. which has only hean
overcome by strenuous efforts, combined with
the decided advantages Of New Orleans rs
cotton market.
The following table shows the per centage OF
the total crop handled in New Orleans in each OF
the six years past. or course we are also affected
by the relative success OF the crops in the stc-
tions tributary to this and other markets.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
G0RTsCHAKOFF,
A Diplomatic Experience Of Over Half =,
Century,

|
Century.
Alexander Michaelowitsoh Gortscha
koff. the eminent Russian Statesman
ana dlplomattst, is now in his seventy
ninth year, having been born q couple
oi years before the last century. After
MS education at the Lyceum Of Tsars-
koe.Selo, he commenced his Diplomatic
life at the Congresses OF Laybach and
Verona as attache to Count Nesselrode
the Russian Ambassador; was Secretary
OF Legation in London in 1924: Charge
dAtfaire5 at the court OF Tuscany In
1880, and was attache for the first time
IN 1882 to the legation at Vienna. where
the death CT his superior, the Russian
Am bassador, gave him great influence.
In 1S41 he was sent on mission to
Stuttgard, where he negotiated the mar
rlage. Of the Grand Duchess Olga OF
Russia with the Prince Royal Of Wur-
temburg. For this service he was made
priyy councillor. During the events
OF 1S48-49 Prince Gortschakoff main
tanned g dignified neutrality, but 1t Ia
asserted he was instrumental in obtain
ing the abdication of the Emperor Fer
dinand [. In favor Of Francis Joseph his
nephew. During the dispute over the
Eastern question, twenty years ago, the
prince was ambassador at Vienna, and
at his instance the Russisn governmen
accepted the four points which formed
the basis OF the conference of Paris.
In that year he was recalled to st. Pc
tersburg to replace Nesselrode as Min
lister for Foreign Affairs, the DO
s1tion which he still holds, and
whose affairs he has always
managed with consummate tact and
ability. His declarations against for
eign Intervention during the .Sicilian
and Neapolitan revolutions and the
Polish 1nsurrectfon Of 1863 attracted
much attention at the time from their
commented upon. In October, 1870.
while Paris was being besieged by the
Germans, Prince Gortschakoff, after
an understanding with Bismarck, issued
a circular to the representatives OF Rus
s1a abroad, announcing the resolution Of
the Emperor to be no longer controlled
by the treaty of 1866, so far as It lin.
tied his right Of sovereignty in the Black
Sea. This led to the London con
ference OF 1871, when the treaty was
modified in accordance with the de-
mand of Russia. In recognition of his
brilliant services on this occasion,
Prince Gortschakoff was accredited
with the rank Of serene highness by his
!mpeIlal m1SIeT, from whose father he
had also received similar tokens OF ap-
probation. His course in refusing to
associate himself with Great Britain
and France in their unfriendly attitude
toward the United States shortly after
the breaking out Of our civil war, and
the ordering Of Russian fleet to New
York as a proof OF his friendship and
will be remembered With
gratitude by Americans long after his
services to his own coun-
try are forgotten. Though suffering
from the gout, Prince Gortschakoff
continues to take an active part in State
affairs, but generally spends the sum-
mer 10 Switzerland or Germany for the
benefit Of his health. His family is one
OF the. Oldest in Russia, several mem
bers Of which have rendered conspicu-
Gus service in the field and the Cabinet.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

Iair to say that those holding office and
expecting office do their best to sustain
the President. Half the others are
ashamed to confess that they have been
disappointed. deceived, and betrayed,
and say nothing, while the other half
cannot talk on the subject without
swearing. and therefore prefer not to
talk at all. Ohio will not indorse the
fTnesldent's Southern policy"
Inc correspondent closes his letter in
these words: II talked with other
gentlemen, but the above are fair sam
pies OF the whole. Some are disgusted.
some enthusiastic, but all hoping for the
best and expecting to do their best to
carry the State next fall"
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

captain anu UWO OCueLs WSAo Sdfcu duu
thirteen drowned.
A Building Falling In.
PITTsBURa, May ia six-story brick
building, used In manufacturing collins,
fell, killing one and hurting several.
FOREIGN.
WAR NOTES.
The Turks Rombarding Oltenitzs.
LONDON, May 1.-Two Turkish gun.
boats bombarded Oltenitza four hours
to-day. The Roumanians replied. 1t
is reported they silenced the gunboats
and ignited Turtukai, on the opposite
bank OF the Danube. No loss Of life In
OltenitZa.
The Bombarament Of EbraiI.
The Turkish bombardment of Ibrail
on Wednesday destroyed some large
granaries. Shops are closed and the
town deserted.
The Insurrection i'm CIrcasssa.
Two thousand Circassian rebels are
under arms in the southern province Of
Russia.
The Province Of Cauausus Declared In n
state Of siege.
The Russian government has declared
three provinces Of Caucasus in state
Of siege in consequence Of a Mussulman
uprising.
The sozohau,Ie Pass Blocked.
The Russians being unable to force
Sozohaule Pass, await reinforcements.
A Present TO RoumanIa.
The Gar has presented Prince
Charles, Of Roumania, with 5000 horses
and $4,000 rifles.
The Closing Of the Russian Ports De-
iayed.
At the request Of England the Porte
extends the time for closing the Russian
ports on the Sea OF Azof.
THE ENGLISH PARLIAMENT.
Debate ON the Gladstone Resolutions.
LONDON, May lin the Commons,
continuing the debate, Mr.. Courtney
said he could not have voted for the
third and fourth resolutions IL Mr..
Gladstone had maintained them, but
before the outbreak Of the present war
would have supported declaration in
favor OF European pressure and c0er-
cion.
He believed the majority Of the House
favored neutrality as far as is consistent
with British interests. and said that the
best way to protect those interests was
to be ready to offer mediation at the
first opportunity.
The Conservatives, In speeches pre-
ceding Mr.. Forster's, were principally
characterized by strong anti Russian
tone.
Mr.. Chaplin declared that Russia, to
a great extent, was responsible for the
events which occurred last year in Bull
garia, and said that care should be
taken to prevent Russia from set
ting her foot In Constantinople, or in
terfering with the road to India, even IL
1t was necessary to sweep the Mediter-
ranean to secure that object.
Sir Robert Peel, citing the case Of Po-
land. ridiculed the conjunction OF the
name Of Russia with civil or religious
liberty. He hoped the government
would not bulge an inch from the posi-
ton they had taken. He did not fear
war, but he hoped 1t would be avoided
under the able management Of the gov
The debate was adjourned.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
THE DIsBANDmENT OF THE ARMY
The Cabinet mt One Time Debating this
aeucstion-No Necessity Tor standing
ARMY.

Qucstion-No Necessity Tor stana,nu
Army.
IN. Y. Tribupe.I
1t seemed at one time possible that
the President might issue a procIama- l.
tion, which would have been an inter
national. surprise, In the place of that
postponing the extra session. The sub
Ject was two or three times seriously
discussed in Cabinet whether il might
not,be wise, patriotic, and expedient to
decline to call an extra session Of Con
gress altogether and permit the army
to be disbanded. The argument of the
members Qf the Cabinet who favored
this plan was substantially this: Con-
gress by It's action In refusing an appro-
priation had expressed it's opinion that
the army was not needed; that 1t would
be becoming in the Executive to recog-
n1ze' thiss opinion and give 1t
Its full Free. that the country was in a
state or profound peace and about to
the real theory of the American Repub-
l'lc Is that among it's citizens are enough
able, wei l-conditioned, obedient, loyal
men, ready at any moment to spring to
the defense OF the country at the tap Of
the drum; that the Governors of the
frontier States are quite willing and able
to protect their own frontiers without
the army; that there is no national ext
gency which requires the existence OF
the army, and that as there is no money
to pay for its support and Congress
has not thought Its services neces-
sary, the President would inform the
army that under the laws he has
no service for them to do, and that SO
far as the. Executive is concerned the
army OF the United States Of America
might cease to be. This plan was sup
ported by as good lawyer as Chief
JUSTICE Cartier OF the Supreme Court OF
the District; and it Is said that vote
even was taken upon it In Cabinet, and
that at least three of those present
heartily favored it. While others could
not consent, 1t was argued that under
the law and the constitution, in view Of
the action Of Congress, such proceed
fhB on the part OF the Executive would
certainly have been regular, and doubt
less would have received the approval
OF the American people.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
A FIEIBaJsTER STORY.
A r,iibustering Expedition Rcporte

[Cincinnah Commercially
Rumor has it that filibustering ex-
pedition Is quietly organizing in the
vicinity, OF New Orleans, having for its
object the capture Of part of Northern
Mexico. The ex-Confederate soldiers
who are out OF employment are to form
the rank and file of the invading force.
which Is to have at it's head a number
OF the best fighters among the Confed-
crate Generals. Unless appearances
are altogether deceptive. the organiza-
tion of the force is already far advanced
and it will probably be heard from defln.
itely at an early day.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
DIAZ AND CONGRESS.
of Diaz Being Unseated.
[Courier-Jou

Diaz is having some trouble with the
Mexican Congress. Not long ago,
through his influence, the Senate was
abolished. Congress now acknowledges
the existence of that body, and proposes
to sit for two years instead of dissolving
next September, as Diaz desires. The
reduction Of the army, proposed by
DiaZ, will unseat him. The discharged
soldiers will at once organize a new
revolution or assist the Lerdoists to re-
gain their ascendancy.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
The Reformed Episcopal Church.

PHILADELPHIA, May 1.-THE fifth gen.
era eral council of the Reformed Episcopal
Free Church OF England, reported on
application Of 4. Fl. Gregg, D. D., late
Vicar OF East Harborne, England. to be
admitted to the ministry Of the Re-
formed Episcopal Church, and it was
acted on favorably. ~
Thirteen Sailors Drowned.
HALIFAX, May 1.-THE schooner Cod
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

g., The orange orchsrd and farm known as s.tba
snarp property" situated on the right bank Of
Ine river, only nine miles below the city. will ba
sold at public auction this day at IL o'clock m at
me m st; Charles Auction Exchange, by Messrs
Hoey, Macon Il O'Connor, suctioneers. The saIs
Is s peremptory by order of the second Distri,s
near the city, would do well to attend prom .tlv
me location of this property for orange culture
Is unsurpassed. some seven to eight hundred
!rses being in freis now, and with ordin ry at
.estlon thi, plsce will in a yesr Or two WELD an
alone. AoA1 "a nses
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

- IMPORTANT AUCTION SALES THIS DAY.-Messrs
Nash Hodgson, auctioneers, sell at IL O'clock
l. The. Mississippi and Mexican Gulf sS;n
Canal, which has cost nearly 500, 900, and in =
valuable and remunerative investment,
2. That elegant family residence, No. $50 81.
Charles street. between Jackson and PhiIip
erty, on terms Of one-haf or third cash. balance
on long time.
3. The magnificent residence known "a the
"Montgomery Mansion" on the corner OF Caron.
aelet ana Washington streets, with large grounds;
one,thlrd or fourth cash, balance on long credit
or all cash. 'ieo1''
- Z. The cot age house with three lots of ground
10 by 100 feet, adjoining same; and
o. Two choice building lots, 3s by 15O feet, ad
For full particulars, read the advertisement
ana see the plans at the place Of sale.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

SUNDAY ExCURsIoa.-The Sunday excrraion
train up the Jackson Railroad now leaves at 7:3o
a. m, ic stead Of 7:2e. as heretofore. sportsmen
and pleasure seekers generally will ind it to
their proht TO try this excursion. Tho distance
Travelled, 106 miles and return, for 81, makes it
the cheapest, as the varied scenery through
which the train paeses makes it the most at
tractive to be found.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

Aosal. .-...........-...... Z.3I2j
The above constitute the entire costs to the
planter for handling cotton in this market; CT,
in other words, the aggregate deductions to be
made on account of local charges from the gross
price OF bale Of cotton in this market.
Insurance, river or rail, and freight to this
market, which vary in accordance with the point
OF shipment, though paid by the factor for ac-
count OF the planter, are not included in the
above, as they do not, strictly spesking, come
under the head Of local charges.
We thus have an actual cost to the planter upon
his cotton Of about 81 81 per bale. If the planter
raises his cotton on credit he places himself in
the light Of any other borrower, and pays inter-
est for advances, whether OF money or of goods
The interest he pays, or the shifts he must make,
however, to do a business beyond his immediats
available means, cannot be construed in any
manner as charge upon cotton.
BUYERS CHARGES, tmaximum),*
which are made after the cotton has been
bought and paid for at the market rate, and the
planter virtually settled with, are as follows, (as-
suming the same average, $50 per bale,) viz:
Brokerage Il per cent. .................... .25
Drayage. reweighing and inspection. ..... so
Fire insurance. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. O615
Ho, Dunmissioh HIs per cent .....t........-. l.25
Bill brokerage u per cent. .O625
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12

SHIPS oHARaEs.*
The cost for COMPRISING, per bale is ped
by the ship from the money received for
freight (the compressng being purely
matter OF convenience to the vessel, re-
ducing the size Of the bales, and thus in
creaslng her carrying capacity. ...... Is
The same may be said OF the charge for ste
vedorage or stow1pg cargo, per bale. -. rs
1he ship also pays brokerage on amount OF
Its freight, which say on a bale of 45O
pounds (average) at 5-16d per pound,
the present outside rate on cotton by
sail or steam to Liverpool from New Or
leans, would be in currency, per bale IS
we thus have an aggregate OF buyers an d
shipping charges Of So rs paid after the cotton
has been transferred to purchaser.
These, however, are indirect charges and
their increase or decrease, while affecting the
ability Of the buyer to pay more or less for the
cotton, thus influencing the current market rates.
are all calcua ted before those rates are paid: in
other words, if cotton is quoted in New Orleans
at 12c. per pound it means 12c., less merely the
factors local charges and the cost of bringing
the cotton to this market.
1 am thus explicit because it is desirable that
these matters should bs SO explained as to be
easily understood by all, whether versed in the
usual business methods or not.
| am, sir, with great respect, your obedient
servant,
HENRY G. HESTER, Secretary.
*Of course all charges are maximum; all devia-
tons therefrom are in the interest of the pro-
ducers and consumers OF our great staple.
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
Total bales Percentap,

We give the planters AMI interior merchants
credit for snfhcient degree OF intelligence to be
able to discern readily their true interests and it
is not by any means probable that, with the sharp
competition waged on all sides, New Orleans
would handle so large q share Of the cotton crop
were her charges exorbitant, or even materially
above those Of other markets.
The following Is q list OF the direct charges
upon cotton at this port
FACTORS CHARGES, tmaximum.l*
(Per bale, based upon an average Of $50 per bale)
Fire insurance "a per cent on sale one
month: ......... ..........:.......... 1875
Storage, drayage, weighing and labor, per
bale, 75c. ....................... rs
brokerage on selling, Il per cent. -. ..... 1850
Commission on sale, 2M per cent ........ 1.25
The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-05-12
NEW ORLEANS, SATURDAY, MAY pp

seeker capsized off Cape Sable. The
captain and two others were saved and
thirteen drowned.
A Building Falling In.
PrTTsBURa, May ia six-story brick
building, used in manufacturing collins,
fell, killing one and hurting several.
FOREIGN.
WAR NOTES.