The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1877-06-13
Secrets That Led to q Fight
With Society.
MEANING OF "CHEAP COAL"
A Glance at the Murderers in
Prison.
WILL TIE GOVERNOR ORDER A RrpRIEVE /!

In ordor TO appreciate the doom o! the holly
Magaircs sentenced 10 death in this place and at
Mauch Chunk It is necessary TO have something ike
an adequate conception OF their condition ana SUR
roundngs previous to tho dread being passed
upon them. This 1t would be impossible give
single letter, aud so hurried sketch must suffice
make what follows Ineligible. Potlsville lies ut the
moulin Of what has been somewhat inaptly called the
lower coal basin, and Tho mountains which loom up
every direction vast bed Of thracite coal
II ropuons town, aud although to the stranger II
seems only cluster OF houses In valley II
has population exceeding 1900 Within schuyikill
county, OF which IL is tho county seat there
Der oil places With population ranging all
tho way from 5000 TO 1900, among these Miners
Vile, Ashland, shenandoah ST. Clair, Tamaqua and
Mahanoy City beng the most considerable Outside OF
these the villages ara thckiy clustered and wherever
there Is collicry there is teemins population Tho
same remarks apply 10 Carbon county, CT which Mauch
Chunk Is the county seat. Eelns nearly allied IN
natural wealth aud geographical position is
deriui that what affects affects the other Both
arc Interested 10 almost equal deyel.
opnent and oo.h have been equally under the domia-
uou OF the Molly Masuires. All this opens up
romance moro wonderful In every way than any thing
Charles Rcauc could have Imagined when he wrote mis-
trade union novel, "put Yourself in his Place." and
reveals history Of buried wealth and secret crime
with which tho novelist rather than tho historian
seems best fitted to deal.
CHEAP COAL AND THE MINERS.
Tho New England operative working the factorics OF
the Wilhmantlc or tho Merrimac the Western farmer
toing In his prairic lelds the city denzen breathing
tho smoke and dust of u connned atmosphere, can
form idsa OF the social and worsday Ito OF tins
peculiar region. Here labor and capital meet face
face and light out tho battle OF political economy which
few Of Us have yet been able 10 comprehend In New
York ana everywhere on the seaboard the poor man
and, indeed the great commercial interests well.
cry out Tor cheap coal In this section cheap coal
means the ruin OF thousands, more work and less
bread tor tho tosrs IN tho mines Che great carrying
companies stand between the producer and the
sumcr, IL IS concentrated capital tho ono
hand against diluscd labor and dinuscd neccs-
stiles on tho other So far the consumer has
not been aUle has not tried 10 combine
against the carrying companies but tho producer
slow TO apply tho machinery OF the III ado societies
to his relations both with the gobctwcen' and The
consumer, and so had lrst the unions and then
secret society within tho unions moro active and
more deadly than the famous Carbonar oi Italy and
1 SPAN / have used this word, Carbonari IN speak
OF tho Molly Maguircs, not because there any
smitude In the purposes ot the two societies, but Tor
the that these coal workers tho real Car
bonari II the fitness Of names s to he considered
AMERICAN cAKnoxAEL
For a long time tho CarbonaIi OF the ScLuylki!l
region carried every hing with high hand. WrLous
coming 10 the front IN any way they managed 10
control tho action of tho trade societies In
politics. especially local politics, they wcro
Gil.poweriui. The supervisors, the road masters
are called In this state were mostly oi thor creation
and they controlled both the labor aud tho expenditure
ON the public highways completely Tammany
controlled the work tho boucvards Of New York IL
the palest days al the Ring. by choosing jury
missonsrs in their interestingly managed have
oversight of tho OF justice that made
the courts powerless agiins. hem II evil
cnginery which they had called into existence, and
soon IL cninc he directed by brute force aud bad
passions II was ship IN the sAnds OF pirate crew
wluiy carccnihS ia quiet sea, because gnor-
sat at the helm and succeeded only
IN guiding ncr out Of nor course Immense
mobs marched to and fro stopping the coilicrics
whenever the leaders oi these Carbonari gave the
word Strange assaasinations and attempts al assas-
sinauon happened at many places throughout tho
Scbuylkili basin Stranger shl, tho murderer. werc
always strangers 20 their victims crlne ioIlosod
crime, until tho community wa6 thoroughly aroused
~ veil as alarmed and men oEan To ask each other
how II was all TO end or nov - was 10 DO ended A
vigilance committee eyeu, was talkel OF bur day
the piracy snlceny Tell 10 pieces, tho conspiru.
iors arrested anu edged in jail were tried ana
OF ihcm sentenced 10 psison and some oil them
! to be hanged.
mkRo ~ DlsGUisG.
on Tuesday Went 10 the jail ia this pace with q
quiet unassumug man. VINO 4hz1l be nainoiess
he especially desired IL, and kept watlpa AT
tho door long nm. IN u1swcr II, his so,nwnat NE
liar ring, he Jocoscly remarked, ihis IS longer than
am accustomed 10, and they should not kcep walt
log, because have nod their 10 son for them.'
THIS remark, casually NADIA entitled 10 moro
consideration than would Ut nrst appear for | was
taking TO tic man VINO above 40 Others destroyed tho
Molly Maguiro organization. IL has become iashion-
aDc IN this country to give dDo credit o, this great
feat u Mr.. j. u. 1owcn tho President Of tho fLiiadc
pnia aud Reading Railroad Company, and To James
Mciuran, the detective, whose isc ainong tho "Moi-
hes' has romantic Interest lar beyond sGything "
Is, IN tho snpcrntive doarce--beionss else
where, 10 the mar with whom conseraei at tho
prison gate Uowcn employed Abe detective. II IS
true and, IN iact conceived the A;hcno ny which the
Molly Mcguire organization was nEally overthroan,
but no was powerful railroad paignatc, working in
comparative safety ~ secret uscndcs hcP.ran DIS.
played courage and ability, certainly, living wlli,
daring, reckless HE IN thAeoa n.gions, but, except
III one trying cmcrscncy-ihc few days alter Father
| O'Conncr communicated 10 Jnck koiso the truth In
regard TO hts rostonhis lie wasat all times safe
| as that oil any Ia the dread society THIS uIun
with whom was speaking WAS the open loo 81 tha
molly Auguircs"-tho IMAM VINO in,r'Moiy Magulr.n
conspratois aud put them IN prison who wroush, up
the cases agunst thcm, procuring the irrcifagab o
proofs which CO PEELED their COW Jon; aho went IN
and out among them ~ the name otthe iaw aud with
the badge oil ls conatabulalty upon him, contending
openly with sLcm Tor taar desiructi@'
GLOW many oil them in all lavo you put 10 hcrcf'
l asked
.Aboot sixty altogether" he answered as the cants
OF tho chains WAS hcard within aud tho prison
opeled ior our ain.Llpnce.
~ rnh rRisoN--rue yoSf srspglKGa
| WLh some difficulty IL vas arranged that should
ducrd TO the Warden OF tho prison by .! ino
Coulty Commissioners, wth ne consent OF the Dis-
Attorney, aud permitted to make the round o tho
doomed cells. All tho PRISONERS were fouid ~
home and all OF them. with oilc or two exceptions,
were reasonably cheerful All Of thoin are hopeful,
and ALL matter Of cclrsc, arc load Ia then pro-
tcstalions OF Innocence
~ man was here this morning." said Hugh
Mctirchan, ''ani because To vac lrisbinan ne
seemed 10 think | must toll him ! am guilty, Tut
SAID cannot tel q TO-
1no doomed mcn occupy separate cells and the irst
visited was james Carroll, convicted OF completely
IN the murder OF Policeman lost, Al rsnaluA Car
oil a
cccding Alec. Campbell, who IL n0x under srutcnca
OF Gcath al Mauch Chunk i0T the murder or John T..
Jones. lie was fully imbucd with Tho spirit VI the
Molly Mcguire organization, however, and although
tho body master OF bis DIVISION, us tho leading
man In each district was called no was oil powerful ia
his section. 1t was to blm th.t nrsi
made tic murder OF Yost he readily Consented