The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1877-03-07
FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD
Rules For Grading Grain.

low: Oats are dividedinto the following
classes: Extra white, extra, and reject
ed. Extra white and extra are divided
into four grades. Extra white oats are to
weigh thirty-two pounds to the bushel !;
No. white, twenty-nine pounds; No. 2
white, twenty-five pounds, and No. 8 shall
be mainly white. The weights Of extra
oats and Nos. and 2 Of the same class
are to be thirty two, 'twenty-nine and
twenty-five pounds to the bushel respect
lively. No. 3 specifies all merchantable
oats unfit for No. 2. Rejected oats are
damp, unsound, dirty, or for any cause
unfit for No. 8.
No. l rye must be sound, plump, and
well cleaned. No. 2 rye must be sound,
reasonably free from other grain, and
reasonably clean. Rejected rye includes
all damp, musty, Or dirty rye, or that
which for any cause is unfit for grade
No. 2.
Barley is put into four classes-Cana-
ia, State, Western and Rejected Extra,
and No. l Canada must weigh not less
than forty-eight pounds to the bushel.
No. 2 and No. 3 Canada barley are not
measured by weight, but by soundness
and cleanness. State barley is divided
into six grades-four of four-rowed"
and two of 'two-rowed." Western bar
ley is divided into three grades, No. l to
weigh forty-eight pounds; No. 2, forty-si1
pounds; and No. 3 forty-one pounds to
the bushel. Rejected Western barley Is
that which is damp, musty, or from any
cause is badly damaged or largely mixed
with other grain.
Peas are divided into Nos. /, 2 and 8
White Canada. A resolution was adopted
that as so-called "no grade corn had
80 much improved in condition that for
some time past exporters to Europe had
taken it in preference to steamer at
fraction of a cent below the market value
of steamer" and as that repeatedly
both grades had sold in open market Mt
the same price, and as very large pro-
portion Of new corn now graded emo
grade" might properly be included in
the grade of "steamer," therefore
present classification should be modified.
Farm Topics.
The rules for letting farms on shares
vary in some respects in different parts
of the Union. AS a general rule the
agreement is in substance as follows !:
The owner turns over his farm, dwelling,
fbarns, etc., to the tenant on the first day
Of April, with what manure may be on
his place. The tenant agrees to furnish
the team or teams to do the work, as well
as all the farm implements that are neces-
sary. He also furnishes half the seed
and half the COWS, pigs and poultry to
stock the farm, and agrees to keep the
fences in repair and to work out or pay
the road tax. He is to have half of all
crops, and half of the butter, cheese,
milk, pork, beef, eggs and poultry pro-
duced. But in regard to the owners
half, there should be plain stipulation
how he is to receive it-whether to be
delivered to him, or he to come and get
his part at the farm. Hdel1vered by the
tenant, he would be entitled to some CON-
pensation for the delivery. The team
used to do the work is allowed to be pas
tured and fed from the undivided hay
and grain, and the tenant should be al
lowed a garden large enough to produce
his green vegetables only. The owner
pays the taxes. If anything is needed
not contemplated when the bargain was
made, each must pay half the expenses,as
more manure than was on the place, more
COWS, swine, etc. but both parties must
acquiesce in obtaining these extra articles,
rs neither party can demand of the other
anything not in the contract. When extra
work is done, rs ditching, making new
fences, etc., it is best that the agreement
be put in writing, rs some mems men,
cries are not very accurate. Ii brief,
let the contract cover everything; but
be liberal to the poor tenant, as he will
generally perform great deal of hard
work for small compensation.
Bitter Cream.
Cream becomes bitter by keeping it
too long before it is chllrned. A butter
maker says: "In summer there is little
bitter milk or cream, because the cream
is churned sooner than in winter, seldom
reaching the third day. Sometimes,
where there is single COW kept, have
known the bitter to show on account OF
the small quantity of cream accumulat-
ing. The summer practice is reversed
in the winter. There being too little
milk to require frequent churnings q
weck-we account readily for the evils
complained of. The fore part of the sea-
son, when milk is in greater quantity,
necessitating more frequent churning, l
hear of but little complaint. It matters
not how good the feed is-if the tender
est hay and roots are added, making an
approach to summer feed, nor how clean
the milk is kept, the most perfect milk
if set beyond three days will be hurt.
The writer of this has filled the vessel,
leaving barely space enough for cloth
to be stretched over without touching
the milk, and a snug lid put on, keeping
the air out, but all to no purpose. SO,
in the purest mir, in all the temperatures,
it is the same.
Cement for Cracked Hoofs.
Mr.. Delay has discovered a prepara-
ton by means of which sand cracks or
fractures in hoof or horn may be durably
cemented up. Even pieces OF iron can
be securely joined together by its means.
The only precaution necessary for It's
successful application is the careful re-
moval of oil grease by spirits Of sal am
monia, sulphide of carbon, or ether.
! Mr.. Delay makes no secret Of its COM
position, which is as follows: Take one
part of coarsely powdered gum ammonia
cum and two parts gutta percha, inpieces
the size of hazel nut. Put them in a
tin lined vessel over slow fire. Before
the thick, resinous mass gets cold, mold
it into sticks like sealing wax. The ce-
ment will keep for years, and when re-
qnired for use it is only necessary to cut
off q sufficient quantity and remelt it
Immediately before application.
Strawberries md Fruit Trees.
If you have not mulched your straw
berry beds don't fail to do it before the
snow goes off. February, March and
April are the times that try the plants.
1t is the thawing that kills. Put on a
blanket of marsh hay or clean straw, and
! 1oova on all that the nlants can get