The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-10-28


volutions taken together. cells moro in number
than the stars of heaven. And when we com
pare these numbers with the quota OF words
made usc Of 10y the most fertile writers. we shall
be- trruied to think that only a small portion oi
our intellectual instruments X actually utilized.
Out OF a possible number Of English words.
amounting to ninety or n hundred thousand.
Shakespeare uses about fifteen thousand. Mil
ton about eight thousand. and an English agri-
cultural lahorrr about three hundred.
The most satisfactory chapter Of DR.. Mauds-
Toys treatise is that in which he passes from
the discussion Of nerve element in general to
the structure and differentiated properties Of
the cerebral hcmisphorcs II has no doubt
long been surmiscd that different convoluiions
Of the brain discharge diferen, functions in the
mental life and the phrenologists. 10y nfcrring
organ from function. went so far ~ To precisely
map out the cerebral surface into definite re-
gons, md to assign it, particular mental iaeul-
Is to each region. The lOralization which they
made has not been borne out hy anatomical re-
search nor do the faculties which they assume
receive adequate support from mere psychology
teal Snalysis. That the high. broad and promi-
ncnt forehead marked intellectual power, was
a belief which the ancient Greeks entertained,
and which has long bacn popularity held. So.
| too the notion that lownc-s and narrowncss OF
the forehead indicate Intellectual inferiOrty. j.
IN harmony with the observations that In the
negro. and moro markedly in the Bosicsman,
! the anterior part Of the hcmsp hrrcs Is less
wide than in Europeans. and that the narrow
INK II tn frontal lobrs to a point. is one chnr-
/ actor by which the brain IF the monkey differs
| from that u man. II ma. been conectured. also.
/ that tho upper pant OF tho brain and the pOsi"-
! rior lohns have mora to do with fool
ina, than the un lcr.tnnding Huschkc found
] a.. tf..a..
| I.,rlou,nont IN women than i'm mon and
Van der Kolk = uniuolog.nl research s f,r,lrd
/ him what he cons ilrreI convincing proofs that
| tine anterior lohrs %, the brain were tho scat OF
/ the higher intellectual faculties. while the
upper and post~r.or lob mini.tcred rather tn
/ the cmutionnl life We may m ,ution further
/ before pas .nr 90 recent important ol-crvntons
/ that ina consequence Of some pathological cN-
/ prriments IL wis insisted bv DR. Todd that the
/ seat of the convulsive phenomena of epilepsy
/ was IN tho cerebral lobe. but this theory. nj.
/ though since verified 10y DR.. Wilks. for a time
founlno favor. he.au.e of lclicfthat
the gray matter was insen.hlo 10 Stimulation
and had nothing To do with movements Before
! This nrnea hnl rrnpnuud,d "A thrnr, that thr
sent nf nrtiruntn lnn,ttape was i'm tho uost.rior
uart Of the third conyolution Of tho left side Of
The brain. founding i, upon certain pathology
cnl studies in which loss Of speech was ob-
served 10 ,' "''o'nran,'a 'S destruction ''or',
o. me 'n"'r'' 'nou-l Soc'nou S"''''n~ anu
''np' ''""'' l" many p'is""a, ""9 9.'t'
V'''" V'u"p'V,"' s"'po' i"'' ""'" '''V
"'VN' wa, "'"''9' an 'n''' ""7 N''"" VI
.'''l'''r'." nus wv s''.'"'
m'"9 -. VIC "'"'i'' .'''''" ''''''"'''n7'
inc "'"i 'u'''os III inc way o, "'lu'r-
Ns moro eN"'t ana compete Nho"''"-'
ny "e''ns % p"'s,''"~'c"i p'i''''."'S
VI, ""''''''9 "n" p"''o''k,'" Vo''i N"''V"9
W. mum W '''',' ''0'''''' ~ '''' '"'' ''"'
we "o','9p'r''s nav V""p'''s'.'"s "'''""
or mas pv'h reni"'Aeu '""' " piE'on WIN"
n"s "au one "enh'Sph'''' or 'ons'u,r"o'' I,or'
ions Ut oo.n' r'noNpu' u'ps ho' ",'or IL"
r'',s " "'o~9 II, ",' W Mus
va '.'''.,. - ~. ~ ,,
ri'a,i -, =, ,,s,' AZ
| -, -, :, .t...I - 49,
,,hor - 49,. l., .i,',,,i'r,, ,,,,,,i,,' r,,,,or
,,., ,,., :, 49,, ,t ,.t
A., t,,, ,,,,r,. ~ lts,oso ,,r,t,ali H.
| - - -. 49,, .,.,..,f.,,,i. go, .t,
,'
,sr, '..,,.
vi,,,i ,,'. t.t,,o
,,, 60, ',,,a, liz, ~, ,,,ii, .. ,t -,
n.,J T., .,rr ,.or,ai a,,i,.i,i's ., 49,
ona .n..rn,....-,.--- .........,- s.. ....--...
''--"~ahls are produced only 10 20 70
Recent physiological Investigations have
| thrown more light upon the functions Of the
cerebral convolutious. Instead of being in-en-
sibl" To ali kinds Of stimuli. rs was SO long sup
/ posed. Frrsch and llitig discovered that the
/ Application Of a weak gaNanic stimulus To- TIE
e"r,iral layer excited movements which were Of
/ a definite. coordinate character. and viii h fur
| th"rmorc. might bee uniformly provoked by
| stimulating particular convoutions Now the
convolutions which respond TO stimulation 10y
| giving rise To- movements, are in the anterior
| portion Of the brain; no motor effect Is pro-
duc'd 10y excitement OF the tissues Of the po-te-
rior lohes. But II is Just these latter which the
resu"- VI experiments on animals, far rs
they ARE definite ami trustworthy. seem 10 mark
out rs the seat ~ the srns6r.al perceptions. II
would appear. then. that in the frontal psrt oi
the ponvolutions are contained the rcsidua OF
| the feelings II movements from which We de-
| rive our so-cailcd motor ntuitions while in the
posicrior lobes are contained the residua Of the
sonsOry perceptions from which the scn-ory
clomruts in ideas are derived.
Here. then. we seem to have disclosed h. us