The New York herald., 1877-07-08

| few words:-"We steam out OF Portsmouth
Harbor. through the Needles ana down
Channel with smooth sea and light bead wind
not long TO last, though, Tor in two days tine We
got heavy gallo which shook all down nicely into
places; close. rcefsd lopsails-ship rolling ike
| mad-sleep at q minimum-sclentiics sick-stand-up
| meas-crockery smashIng-perisct misery-attempted
jovialhy," &c Here IL ship lie for the nrst two
weeks. Alter brief stay at Lisbon tho Challenger
proceeds TO Gibraltar dredging several times on the
way with satisfactory results to the scientists and no
small labor TO the sailors The queer thingshshed
from the darK depths OF the ocean ar" described as
we'll rs the many mshaps attending the first use OF
the sounding aud dredging apparatus From Gibraltar
to Madeira and Tenerine Is the Chalengcr's next
course, aud attempt to ascend the famous peak Of
the latter island Is graphically described. From
Tenerilc to St Thomas West Indies Is next steamed
the scientists making pretty thorough examination
by sounding and dredging OF the bod during tho
run. From 81. Thomas the Bormudas aud thence
to Halifax brings the ship from the tropics into the
cold regions OF Nova Scotia IN short ,imo but she
sounds and dredSes oil the way at regular Intervals
Alter making two sections OF the Gulf Stream the
challenger roturns Bermuda and starts for another
transocean,c run to tue Azores. Tho many strange
prizes found in the dredger are described, some OF
which entirely now to science
short stay at 5. Michael's gives author an op
fashion and gives his impressions very pleasantly.
page or two devoted the predatory habits Of tho
crabs At ST. Paurs rocks is quito amusing. The. next
Is from tho Azores TO Brazil near Bahia, where
landing Is made and an excursion into the country
little way. Tho enthusiasts OF science are here IN
clover Nature Is so prolific In Brazil that between
the hummng bird and the armadilo there arc thou
sands oil animate objects 10 attract the attention OF tho
learned. the vegetation Is US varied as the most
exnctng bo,anst could desire. From Bahia the vessel
the Cape Of Good Hope and thence to Australia,
ascending to seventy degrees south latitude and sound
ing and dredging at intervals
Lord Campbell gives very amusing account Of his
visits to Australian towns ana to The many groups Of
islands In the Pacific Ocean. There is hearty hon.
esty IN his way Of expressing opinion which must
commend him accurate chroncler The Ma
layan islands, the Chinese and japanese coasts, the
Sandwich Islands, visited In and very fully
described, as also nre the appearance, manners and
customs Of tho people From Hawaii 10 Chill. and
thence around Cape Horn, with traps-Andean trip by
the author, and his journal during the cruise home
completes book nled with highly interesting descrip
tions OF places and peoples little known 10 the ordi
nary reader Tho scientific details OF the expedition
are by neglected by the author but are not
intended to overweight the narrative. Altogether
the book deserves DO read by all who would acquire
y
pen OF who has used his eyes aud we'll In cir
cumnavigatng the globe.
CHRIsrANiTY AND IsLAM Four lectures. BY the
Rev. W. r. w. Stsphens. Scribner, Armstrong Il
Co.
book Everybody in America reads and knows some:
thing Of the great events which are transpring In diff
fsrent quarters Of the globe At the present moment
nj tha Of 90 her aate Eur
and Asia MINOR. Modern inventions perfect that
the report OF battle the Danube is read in New
York before the last shot has been fired. We
have especial interest in the great combatants
OF which has been creeping up 20 great political In
fucnce during the last generation and threatens, II he
continues advance IN the last thirty forty years.
hold the balance of In European politics. and
the other is rsligously and socially stranger In
European society, but persistent, determined and
fanatcal foe. Pitt said that It was absolutely neces-
sary hold Russia In check and TO sustain Turkey In
her possessions Whys Because Russia Is ambitious,
and unless restrained by the other Powers will want
more than her share Of everything These four lee.
lures OF Mr.. Rsphsns therefore timely assist
ance comprehension Of the subject matter OF
the present conflict Although thoy treat almost ex-
cusivcly Of the fegipusaspec Of tho and draw
striking contrast between the origin Of Christianity
and that Of the Mohammedan religion and morality,
yet they are pterspersed with bits Of history which
are very suggestive aud which will help to decide
In which scale 70 throw our sympathy.
The book 10 well printed, clear large type. ON
good paper and is sufficiently well bound for library
USE We have read It with great and welcome II
TO place among our books Of reference
THE NORTHERN AND AsIAric DKrgNCEs OF TURKEY,
with an account Of the military forces and the
armament Of the belperents in the present Eastern
war. D. Appleton Co., Broadway, New York
In glancng over the descriptive matter in this
full little work 1t is clear that the writer began
1t before the operations the Danube took any
form. In describing tho Turkish positions along the
river reference Is made to some that are now
occupied by the Russian army, indeed
are all OH tho left bank from Kalaias
to Ismai. When dealing with the strategic
movements for, the defence OF Bulgaria the writer
forgets that the possibilities of the present day
mucn greater than they were in 1854, and that po
stons which General MACINTOSH Of tho British army,
believed defensblc are no longer so against modern
artillery and improved small arms mother respects
the first article interesting one full o
valuable information respecting the interior OF Bu
gara and the passes Of the Balkans. The article ID
written from Turkish standpoint, and magnifes
somewhat the military qualities OF that army Curl
ousy enough the same writer In another article writer
later on Ihe Asiac u IuT e4PTehses o''
favorable opinion Of Russian prospects OF victory
as we'll as hope that Turkey will be defeated Every
body is Inclined to applaud success, Tor there Is moth
ing more successful In the treatment OF the question
Of the defence OF Constannople tho writer shows VI
intelligent acquaintance with the opinions Of emnen
military authorities, such the Count Won Moltke ans
Colonel Chesney He correct In his estimate OF thu
general dsrensibity OF the City Of the suans una !h
Bosphorus but does not make due allowance for thu
utter decentralization OF the Turks II the Russians
reach Adranopic The defence OF the capital must b
undertaken by the British, aud its success depend
wholly on the part they take in 1t.
Regarding the situation In Asia Minor the writer o
tho special article on that subject has evidently ben
aed by tho latest nows, and therefore bis description
Of the Turkish decnces Is modified TO suit the actua
facts OF the case. He docs not however, anticipate
that Russia would get possession oi Bajazd withou
resistance and places too much reliance the ability