davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
Faipnpp Ware.

The term fdience is properly applied to pot
terry which is decorated on the surface by an
ename!liDg process after the object is made and
partly baked. The name is derived from Faen-
"a, in Italy, where decorated pottery was made
in the sixteenth century; and although for .
long time it was given, in France, to porcelain
and china, such use must be considered erion-
eous. NJ. F. de Lasteyrie, In writing on the
subject states that forty years ago hardly any
one in France was acquainted with this beauti-
ful ware. Porcelain which alone was used on
the tables of the wealthy, enjoyed all the popu-
larity; and faience was hardly reconed in the
in the same category as its more refined rela-
tive, and was found, chiefly in cheap wine
shops, etc., in the form Of plates and dishes of
white color coarsely ornanented with military
and other subjects, printed on the ware by
kind of lithoaraphlc process. However, as
taste developed and specimens of old pottery
were studied, it was found that the art Of Pal
lssy and Lucca della Robbia was not without
its uses, and that these great men did not give
their lives to tho perfection of processes merely
for the enrichment of the collections OF curiosi-
ty seekers. Now ia ience ware occupies the
attention of ceramic art objects; and 10 France,
where the revival of taste is most marked, tho
pOeeciJ pkOCcSctS dI6 D61DR u5tQ IN
the production of the finest works of art But
the details of the old processes were not known
and the potters had chiefly to depend ON the
study OF objects in museums for the means of
carrying out their ideas Soon, however, the
art made great strides, and faience ware became
common in the better class of houses, and was
| accessible to men of moderate means The clay
suited to the potter's art has one OF two origins;
1t is either de posted by decantation process,
| or is a volcanic formation. The first 10 either
/ mari or fuller's earth; and when baked 1t pos
1 srsses rough surface to which the euAmel adj
| heres. If the ware is polished little too much
| the enamel sooner or later chips off The olays
| of igneous origin, however, formed from felspsr,
| quartz, saud, etc., take the enamel by the fuss
| oility of their surface and form with it q homo
seneous whole; but. unfoi tunately, they are
very difficult to work and bake, and the homo
genety will vary in different parts of the same
vase or other article. These difficulties have to
be overcome by mixing the clay so that the en-
ameled surface shall be uniform all over when
sne ware is withdrawn from the oven; q rather
difficult problem, as 1t will be acknowledged
when It is remembered that the conditions
are never alike In two instances. But when the
proportions of the ingredients are once settied'
and the vase is formed, IL is coated with pre-
hmihary glaze of salt and sand. or trit as u 10
termed in the trade; and frst baking yields
| true biscuit ware, with surface having IN af-
] tinity for the enameling material with which
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

So many and so complex are the products
obtained by operating on coal tar that the
chemists are at their wits ends for expressive
names for them all. In recent paper, DR..
Austen announces that if his new betadini-
troparabromdinitroan be warmed
with soda lye, it forms gittering red and green
needles, of a sodium neutrality-suspicious.
anilidophenylate. In the same paper DR..
Austen says that etadinitroparadibfomb
is a powerful irritant If common folks were
compelled to pronounce these words, we sus
pect they would say the same of the eleven
syllable; and perhaps apply stronger language
to the seventeen sylables.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

The Grand Vizier is something of per-
son; he is in fact the alter ego of the Sultan,
all power passing through his hands. His
orders are called Jfrnaans, and his official resi-
dence is at the Porte's. When he is appoint
ed, he secures seal bearing the cipher of the
Sultan, giving him full power to command in
the name of the Sultan. This he wears on
his bosom as the sign of his dignity. When
he walks he is preceded by the ''three horses
tails" terminating in a golden ball, the mill
tary insignia. In the army he wears one OF
the three aigrettes from the. turban of the Sui
tan, the sign about which the troops are to
rally and defend to the death. He has also
the right of life and death over all Turkish
subjects. On the other side OF the shield, he
is not only the objecu of hate and Jealousy
without, but is liable to incur disgrace from
his lord and master; and disgrace is accom-
panied by either exile, imprisonment or
death
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

Professor Goldwin Smith doesn't like our
mushroom American universities" He
says, "There is one mode ofextension against
which transatlantic experience emphaticaly
protests-the multiplication of universit es.
The effects Of the 'one-horse university sys-
tenn in the United States and Canada have
been ruinous to high education and to the
value OF degrees. When college, after OBJ
tanning from a facile Legislature university
powers, fails or falls into decay, it keeps its
powers, which unhappily retain pecuniary
value, though their literary usefulness has
ceased. Three universities are enough fcr
England" And certainly thirty-eight col
leges would be enough for the United States.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
TERMS $500 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE.

THE action of the Senate in confirming the
Cabinet appointments proves what has been
maintained in these columns, that tho storie,
oil breach IN the Republican party were
sensational and unworthy of credi.. The
senators have promptly yielded to the 'ic
sentiment so Enthusiastically expressed ash
the organs of public opinion. Tha Icy
have done veil will be generally ao tied,
tor, whatever objections there may De to
some OF the appointees, it would have been
unwise to provoke quarrel with the Presi.
Debt on the question of the choice Of his
constitutional advisers. The position of Mr..
Blaine, as intimated by us, has been grossly
misrepresented. He has made no issue with
the administration.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

THE little American colony of San Xavier
in the Argentine Republic has recently given
the Indians touch OF the pluck of its char.
acter. The savages recently stole fifty cows
from one of the members, whereupon twelve
men and rescued captive as guide started
out after them. They rode over two hundred
miles before coming up with the marauders,
when fight ensued and the cows were re-
taken. Suddenly another band of eighty In
dians fell upon them, but the colonists killed
fourteen in five minutes and the rest fled,
after which the party returned home in
safety.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

IN the Harvard examinations for women
the first or preliminary certificate will be CIV
en- 10 those young ladies of not less than sew
enteen years of age who shall pass success
full examination in a regularly prescribed
course of study. The second or advanced
certificate will be granted to those young Ia
dies who, having attained the age of at least
eighteen years, have passed the preliminary
examination, and also thorough examina-
tion in special elective studies that are re-
quired by them in their particular branches.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

THE present cabinet in Turkey is quite a
literary party, consisting of the remaining
colleagues OF Fuad and Ali pachas. Besides
Munif Pacha, it includes Ahmed Yefik
Efendi, historian and numismatist; Ahmed
Jevdet-Pacha, the mollah, the historian Of
Turkey; Kadri Bey, now pacha, the rival
and coadjutor of Munif Pacha in the educa-
tional cause sand Ohannes Effendi Chamich,
the best Turkish writer among the Arme-
mans. These are all practical statesmen, land
from early life have been the leaders of re-
form and OF intellectual progress in Turkey.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

TODAY Mayor Fessenden retires fron the
position which he has filled with SO much
honor to himself and so much credit to the
city. In conferring upon him the chief mag
istracy of Portland a well merited honor was
conferred upon one of the most deserving Of
its sons. The administration Of Mayor Fes-
senden has been careful and marked by a
discriminating regard for the best interests oi
the municipality. In leaving the position
which he chose no longer to hold he carries
with him the warm regards of all our people
and their thanks for wise and able rule.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

EVERY regular attache of the PRESS is furn ished
WIN cara certificate couptersigncd by Stanley t.
Pullen, Editor. All railway, steamboat and hotel
managers will confer favor upon us by demanding
credentials of every person claiming to represent our
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

NOTICE is hereby given, that the subscriber has
~ been duly appointed and taken upon himself
the trust of Administrator OF the estate of
FRANK E. SHURTLEFF, late of Portland,
in the County of Cumberland, deceased and given
bonds as the law directs Allpersons having demands
exhibit the same; and all persons indebted to said
estate are called upon to make payment to
SYLVAN SHUTLEFF, Admir-.
Portland, March 9th, 1877. mh7d1aw8wWs
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
THE PRESS
MONDAY MORNING, MARCH 12.

We do not read anonymous letters and communi
cations The name and address of the writer are in
all cases indispensable, not necessarily for publication
but as a guaranty of good faith.
We cannot undertake to return or reserve commu-
nications that are not used.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

THAT the Presidents policy has peeh
judged in some quarters too hastily ana win
an imperfect understanding OF its real char-
acter is shown by the statement that ne con-
templates commission, with Vice-Presldent
Wheeler at its head, to visit South Carolina
and Louisiana and devise an adjustment OF
the political difficulties,
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
LOST AND FOUND.

$500 Rewards
4 OST, in this city or Saccarappa, a Pass Book
- containing accounts with Traders in this city
and Cape E. The finder will be rewarded by leav-
ing 1t at this office. ma6d2w*
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
PARTNER WANTED.

I Want at once gentleman to take interest in my
y business who can furnish $1,000 in Stock and
take charge of the same, with moneys accounts and
shipping which can be attended to in connection
with his other business if desirable This is good
opportunity for one having the money the amount
will be more than doubled in profits each year.
References exchanged. Address P. o. BOX 1928
MARI dIW*
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
Wanted.

1H0 Agents, both Male and Female, to sell our
1OO usetul. household articles. They will sell
to almost every house. Any one can sell them. We
have agents that never sold anything BEFORE making
from four to five dollars per day and expenses
Please call and examine the goods, every housekeep-
variety. N. B.-Busiuess chances bought and sold
here. Call, or address with stamp, T.. r. BOWE
119i Exchange street, Portland. ja9dtf
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
THE PORTLAND DAILY PRESS,
Published every day Sundays excepted) by the
PORTLAND PUBLISHING Co.,
AT 109 EXCHANGE ST., PoRTLAN

AT 1Os EXCHANGE ST., PORTLAND.
TERMS: Eight Dollars a Year in advance. Tc
mail subscribers Seven Dollars Year if paid in ad.
vance.
THE MAINE STATE PRESS
published every THURSDAY MORNING ut $3.50
yelr, if paid in advance at $500 year.
RATES OF ADVERTISING: One inch of space, the
length of column, constitutes square
$l5O per square daily first week. rs cents per week
after; three Insertions or less, $1.00; continuing
every other day after first week, 80 cents.
Half square, three insertions. less, rs cents; one
week, S1.0O; 80 cents per week after:
SPECIAL NOTICES, one third additional
Under head of "AMUsFMENTs" and "AUCTIoN
or less, Si.5O.
Advertisements inserted in the "MAINE STATE
PRESS" (Which has large circulation in every part
of the State for $00 per square for first insertion,
and 80 cents per square for each subsequent insertion
Address all communications to
PORTLAND PUBLISHING CO.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
Wanted
Wanted.
Wan ted.

HOAT, Pants and Vest Makers by
~ l.. c. YOUNG. Merchant Tailor,
marSdtf WoOdford's Corner, Me-
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

NOTICE is hereby given, that the subscriber has
IN been duly appointed and taken upon himself
the trust of Administrator Of the estate OF
FRANKLIN NJ KNIGHT, late of Portland,
In the County OF Cumberland, deceased, and given
bonds as the law directs. AL persons having de-
mands upon the estate OF said deceased are required
to exhibit the same and all persons indebted to said
estate are called upon to make payment to
ALVARO nj. TYLER, Admir-.
Portland, Feb. 10th, 1877. fe27d1aw3wWs
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
Wanted.
Wanted,

A Woman to do general houseworls for sma
"A family in the country. Apply to "C,'' l..
Webb's office, SO Exchange St., Portland. fe2idtf
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12

NyO borrow, on ample security, ten thousand dol
lars payable in ten years with interest annually
$1,000 payable in two years, and the balance at the
rate of $1,000 per annum. Address
fe13dtf BOX 978. Portland Maine
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
House Wanted,

ffF:st A small family without children desire a
f;i: rent in the western part OF the city. House
wy must contain from seven to nine rooms, having
considerable direct sunlight, and be supplied with
gas and good water Reference given. Address
"L.,'' Box 1857. ian29dtf :
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-03-12
TO Let.

To Let.
1.-TWO pleasant nements in House No. Orange
Il Street. Six oms each. Sebago water. APP
ply to A. G. BARKER,
a23MW&Ftf 131 Commercial Street.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1877-11-28
A German Lady of the Olden Time.

From a curious and interesting book
just published in Germany, being the
correspondence Of the three brothers of
Frederick the Great with Count
Henckle-DOnnersmarck and his wife.
the Spectator extracts and translates the
following lively picture of the later, who
seems to have earned high place in
| the list of female eccentrics.
In the course of protracted life
| she died as late as 1913 in Weimar,
aged 81, the Countess passed through
many trials and was thrown into many
situations of difficulty, but at all times
she exhibited an extraordinary vigOr
and quite masculine resolution. Many
stories are still afoat as to her odd say
ings and doings among the survivors
from her latter period in Weimar She
was emphatically a strong W1lled and
despotic lady, who would have her own
way, particularly at home; but she was
also full of wild humor, and withal
possessed Of a scholarship st no time
common among ladies of aristocratic
birth, and particularly uncommon III
those days. The Countess Donners-
marck-or, as she was called in Wei
mar, the Old Excellency Duke Charles
Augustus punned thereon by hickman
ing her the Hexcellency, Here being the
German for witch)-loved to read the
classics IN the original, her other favor
tie recreations being to blow the French
horn and play the fiddle. On the short
est day in the year it was her invariable
wont to illuminate brilliantly her house,
and to entertain the whole Weimar
society, to drive away black thoughts
A standingjok with her was to swear
that in the next world she would sound
ly box the ears Of Eve for the mischief
she had brought on her and her friends.
IN making them forego the delights Of
Paradise in consequence Of her indiscre-
ton. Indeed, the aged Countess was
quick, even in this world, at the use of
her fists, for it is recorded how one day
IN a filled drawng-room she received
her son with a swinging slap IN the
face, because Of his having dared to
think of making choice for himself III
marriage. To the present day the
Countess corpse lies deposited in a
mortuary chapel which she constructed
above ground, as she said that if buried
in the earth she might fail to hear the
blast of the last trumpet. After her
| husbands demise, this eccentric lady,
who was left with family and slender
means, came to be selected for the edu-
cation in St. Petersburg of the Emperor
Alexander's sister, the Grand Duchess
Maria, afterwards the wife Of the Here
ditary Prince of Weimar 1t was thus
that she came to spend the evening Of
her days in the city of the German
Muses-a privileged individual in many
respects, the friend of many eminent
personages, treated even by severalroy-
alties almost as an equal, the center Of
much lively society, and an object Of
general respect
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1877-11-28

trial having been removed to that coun-
ty) he was arraigned, tried and convicted
of the murder. His counsel appeared
to the Supreme court. This court sus-
tanned the judgment Of the court below,
and at the spring term, 1877 he was SEN
fenced to be hanged on the 31st of
August. On the petition of large
number of prominent citizens Governor
Vance postponed the execution of the
sentence till the 18th of October. On
the 9Th of October he was again repriey-
ed until the 10Th of November In the
mean time petitions in numbers for par
don, Communication of sentence, etc.,
came in to the governor by every mail.
1t was a trying ordeal to His Excellency.
That it was murder most fOnl' he
knew, and yet here were petitions signed
by the best citizens Of Stanley county
praying for executive clemency. On
the day the governor left for Columbia
there came in several sets of petitions,
signed by all the neighbors Of Carter,
where he lived III Arkansas; one signed
by hundreds of males in Stanley, one
signed by all the ministers of the county,
and one signed by hundreds of females
in the county These facts were COM
municated by telegraph to the governor
at Columbia. Yesterday morning he
telegraphed his private secretary to
stay the execution of Carter by telegraph
to the sheriff, and send the commuta-
ton of sentence to imprisonment for
life by mail. The telegraph reached the
sheriff late last evening, and at the low
est calculation Carter was within twelve
hours of his grave. The scaffold had
been erected, the coffin made, and even
the rope with the fatal moose was in
readiness. The prisoner had been told
there was no hope, and his spiritual ad-
visers were preparing him for that
J bourne from whence men that are
hanged don't generally come back.
Carter is sixty-three years Of age, and
when we come to think of it, he is saw
ing no great deal even by the commuta-
ton.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1877-11-28
How Bank Bills Stay at Home.

Two years ago, as any bank teller
will tell you. his drawer contained
national bank bills issued in every state
from Maine to California. To-day it is
quite different. Ask teller to run
through a package of $40, 900 in s. bills,
and see were they were issued. Six
out Of every ten will be bills on Massa-
chusetts banks, and nine-tenths Of the
Whole on New England banks. Only
occasionally does he find bill issued
by Southern or Western bank. The
circulation has become localized, and
banks find difficulty in keeping their
circulation ahoat. Bills find their way
to the national bank redemption agency
of the treasury department with re
markable rapidity, and are returned to
the bank Of issue to be put again into
circulation. This is the result Of the
present system Of redemption. For
the first ten years Of the national bank
system the bills were redeemed only
over the counters Of the banks issuing
them, or by their Boston or New York
agents. This was a slow process and a
very imperfect one, and the circulating
notes got into a very bad condition
They were dirty and torn, and grew
worse continually. The present system
was instituted to ensure more rapid re-
demption, and in this particular has
been success, for to-day our currency
is in good condition, and the rapid
redemption is sure to keep old, dirty
worn bills out Of circulation.-Spq1nNield
Mass. Union.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1877-11-28
American Flora.

Sir Joseph Hooker, having returned
to England from his botanical tour, in
company with DR.. Asa Gray, through
the western portion Of the United States,
has contributed succinct sketch Of the
results of his observations to the col
umns of Nature. 1t was found "that
the vegetation of the middle ATTITUDES Of
the continent resolves itself into three
principal meridianal tioras, incompara-
bly, more diverse than those presented
by any similar meridians in the Old
World, being, in fact, as far as the
trees, shrubs, and many genera of herb
aceous plants are concerned, absolutely
distinct, These are two humid, and the
dry intermediate, regions. !"
Each of these regions was found to
be again Invisible: /. The Atlantic
Slope and Mississippi region is divisible
into an Atlantic, a Mississippi Valley,
and an interposed mountain-region with
a temperate and sub-Alpine flora
2. The Pacific Slope is divisible into a
very humid, cool, forest-clad coast
range; the hot Californian valley lying
along the San Juan and Sacramento
Rivers; and the Sierra Nevada flora,
temperate, sub-Alpine and Alpine.
3. The Rocky-Mountain region is divis-
ible into prairie flora, desert or sa-
line flora, and the Rocky-Mountain
proper flora, temperate, sub-Alpine and
Alpine
The difference between the floras of
the Atlantic Slope and Mississippi region
and the Pacific Slope, "is specifically,
and to great extent, generically, abso-
lutte; not pine Or oak, maple, elm,
plane, or birch of Eastern America,
extends to Western, and genera of thirty
to fifty species are confined to each"
The Rocky-Mountain region, though
quite distinct from both the others, has
a few elements of the Eastern region
and still more of the Western.
In California a special study was made
of the coniferse, which obtain their max
imum development, in number Of spe-
cies and IN stature on the Pacific Coast.
Much curious information was also col
lected concerning the origin and intro
duction Of American planst, and Of the
introduction of various types into the
three different regions.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1877-11-28

Of tax or duty under the existing laws.
American alcohol cannot be used in the
business without the payment Of a tax
and there is no provision Of law author
ling q draw back upon the expectation
OF goods SO manufactured. [ see no rea-
son for this discrimination against
American distillers The commissioner
therefore respectfully recommends that
an act be PASSED authorizing the with
drawal Of alcohol without the payment
Of a tax to be used in manufacturing
perfumes in the production of goods
for export under such restrictions as to
prevent frauds and protect the rights of
the government
THE MATCH BUSINESS
1t has been found that in some por-
tlons Of the country match manu-
facturers have put mp matches in boxes
containing SO great number as to
facilitate frauds upon the revenue bv
the reuse of stamped boxes [ respect
fully recommend that a law be passed
limiting the number Of matches to be
contained in single box to 500.