The New York herald., 1877-09-18
THE MEXICAN QUESTION.

THE MEXICAN QU ESTION.
PRESIDENT DIAZs AUTHORITY ON THE RIO
GRANDE-FEDERAL AND STATE POWER AN
TAGoNIsTIc-THE MIXED CITIZENSHIP or
THE BORDER AzTEcs-TnE RIO GRANDE CITY
BAIDERs-HABIr OF THE LOCAL AUTHORITIES
or PROTECTING CRIMINALS.
SAN ANTONIO. Sept IL 1877.
At last the policy Of the President begins to show
signs OF bearing fruit for to 1t may be attributed tho
sending OF the 500 Mexican regular troops the Rio
Grande. Tho news of this bold and unexpected stop
tho part OF Diaz created small sensation. 1t s
a turning point in tho history Of complications on tho
border
MEANS
As soon rs this important news received your
correspondent had quite long conversation with
of tho bost Informed military gentlemen ut headquar-
in reference to the probable consequences and
what the real object OF sending this large force to the
Rio Grande was
sit MEANS" was the response to inquiry, exactly
what Coloncl Swoitzcr says 1t does-namely, that
President Daz knowing that General Cunales aud the
local authorities will not deliver tho prisoner under
the oxtraditon treaty, has sent officers und men
whom he can rely to the Bio Grande-that's alL"
'Ths goes to show that all that army Off GERS, In
thor reports, and newspaper correspondents have
stated about tho sentiment of tho border Mexcans
true. It cannot be denied that among the educated
class Of Mexicans many elegant gentlemen, men Of
| culture and Of good common sense, can be found
but their influence is not felt. On the
other nand, tho revolutionary element COM
posed OF the idle and vicious is AID always has been
dominant Tho latter Is active while tho former Is
passive. They dread two things above all others.
Ono s the establishment OF peace and order on the
frontier, which means the breaking up Of tho brig
| anduge on which they thrive. aud they then fear
that like 'I.o, poor Indian, they will be pushed
toward tho setting Honce such act as tho de-
livery Of Mexican criminals 10 the American authorities
will be toier ated, and, Canalcs very truthiuy OBJ
servos the Mexican general who does It Is dead duck
| for the future"
'.What do you think will 0e the result of thos inter-
ference In border affairs by President Diazs"
| A CHAXCR FOR LERDIsTAS.
"Predictng what may happen In Mexico is q very
uncertain kind Of business but that this is exactly
what Escobedo has been longing for thcrc can be no
doubt A great deal depends on the officer in command
OF the expedition. II he has ability and is rosoluta
officer be may crush out the revolution in Its in
cipicncy general Canales who has been regarded as
being ION tho tonco' anyhow, Will pronounce in
favor Of Lsrdo aud thus afford Escobed0 his long
sought opportunity OF starting his little ION to the
/ Trcvino will follow SUIT.
ExTRADirIoN QUESTION
"But, according to tho treaty stipulation, has the
United States Commissioner any right to demand that
all the parties concerned in the Rio Grande City out
rage be turned over to tho American authortiess"
"As far as demanding that all those implicated in
outrage shall be extradited the United states has
no such right tor country under the treaty
punish own leOns; hence we can only demand the
restoration o the prisoners VINO were liberated from
tho jaii such Of thor berators as are American
citizens The Mexican commissioner, however, con.
that the burden OF proof Is on the American au
thores to prove that these scoundres are not Mexi
can citizens before they u be delivered up This
Is almost TOO absurd talk about least to any per-
acquainted with tho way Mcxcans on both sides Of
tie RIO Grandc clam citizenship side the
CITIZENS OF uorH REPUBLICS
"You must remember the population on this side OF
the Rio Grande even Tor many miles INTO the interior,
Is almost exclusively Mexican VINO Tor the mos. part
speak English, and they live on both sides OF the
river When there election this side and free
born Az ctZcns required, ior drink OF n
fcrior whskoy and twenty y1vo cents IN CON- to come
forward ana assert their manhood nj the polls the op-
poste sue of the river is almost deserted. On sucn
occasions they arc proud to be American citizens SO
proud fact. that unless the opposing are
on the qui cipe they VIII keep ON Young nan dozen
times provided The whiskey anc the money hold out.
But wnen In tue same town 'ho uraha Jury Is IN ses
sion tho other SIDE OF tue river Is sup
posed to be the salubrious and the
population decreases ny per cent Immediately,
ana OF those remaining on this sdo subject u
Indictment or trial not single one IS ah American
citiZcu, no matter how often he mny have voted. II
tn rc Is any doubt the subject II cleared up by
clouds ot witnesses, who tor even the most triing
consideration consisting sometimes merely OF love
and affection, will swear thit the accused Is, aud
always has been, citizen OF Mexico, and at the time
is perhaps, accused o. murder on tns side he was
quietly and legtimately engaged IN robbine ranch
on mis- own OF the border in the distinguished
capacity of u Mexican general And just 50 when they
arr held TO account by the Mexican tribunals I'M
stances of this kiud occurred then no prisoner
ut once, BY the most respectable and experienced
Witnesses III The country, proves that hs
aud luuV - henn
and ut the time he accused OF horse steainS
lac was inmate oi the Texas Penitentary, servina
out u term lor highway robbery. The RIO Grand'
country affords extraordinary facilities for cheap lvhg
thousand dollar lie being sworn 10 NJ panic ngures
But the simple truth IS, tho Mcxlcans living on tins
slide Kio Grandc when 1t SUITS their convenience
can establish their Mexican citizenship TO the com
piete satisfaction at least OF such impart~ JUICES
us Mexican cxtraditon cuminissoncrs, anu 10 cAPcc
tnat the American au uhorpics can prove the NEGATIVE
that the Rio Grandc CITY raiders are not Mexican cili
zcns equivalent to the practical nuhcation oi 'h
treaty.
PrELfNG OF THE MgxlcASs
AS this Rio Grande City outrage Is likely 10 Iurnis
the bcu may not be irrelevant 10 rcicr 10 IN
' conuuct aud temper OF the Mexican authorizes IL
smpe truth Is that had II not been Tor the 0pportuh
presence of General Benavidcs not even tue appear
ancc attempt to arrest the raiders wou'u nav
peen made. Before lies copy OF tho Official orya
published at Mier, and although ~ Is not larger uiah
medium size sheet Of paper rehec,s very rul
the sentiments of the people among whoin ~ put
shed II Is taken up exclusively with inc MO VI anu
City Bffiir, which, with prasewvrthy caDuot anu won
derful scf-dcnal laid 10 the charge oil ''Dapdits
which take To be equivalent IN Mexico TO "palrots
or '.public Gcnoiactors." Tue editor goes on
> say, that ON the reception OF tho new
: that they had crossed back TO tue Mcxica
side with tho released prisoners, and that Tears wei
entertained they might DO rccaptured ny the amer
can troop, the whole population ot Micr was eec'r
nod by the nio OF patriotism" Inc entlfe msio pop