The New York herald., 1877-12-19
The Speculation in Trade Dollars
Throughout the West.
PROFITS OF THE M!DDLEMEN
How the Poor Contribute to Swell
the Fortunes of the Rich.
THE TEXAS BORDER OUTRAGES
Character and Conduct Of the Resident
Mexican Population.

Character and Conduct OF the Resident
Mexican Population.
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.
WASHINGTON, Dec ls, 1877
THE CIRCULATION AND VALUE OF THE TRADE
DoLLARs-DErArLs OF PROFITS MADE BY
THE MIDDLE MEN.
The supply Of trade dollars which western and
Northwestern men arc drawing is pretty large. Last
summer the Philadelphia mint asked TO coin
about half million OF these silver dollars for ship
ment Singapore but ID tho end about two millions
were actually coined. The San Francisco Mint has
also coined about two millions this year, and it Is sup
posed the stock in private hands is quite equal to this
amount, or until recent shipments to the North
western States began
The trade dollar Is worth in San Francisco
uhety -four aud half in currency II is finally
paid out IN wages in the Western States par. The
considerable difference, equal to Ave and halt
CENTS falls into tho pockets Of brokers,
agents. exprcssmen and purchasers In about
these. proporons The San Francisco banker or
broker sells dollar ninety-sx cents and
OF course, makes and halt every dollar
or SIS per 1000: the Express Company gets
for carrying the dollar Of the daddes the broker
in Western city gets probably half cent every
dollar for hts share. and two and half ccnts remain
as the profit OF the nnal purchaser who pays thcm
out to tho workmcn at par. Tnus those Western
workmen who paid In trade dollars have not only
tho satisfaction Of tho jingethey may rcjoico that
they contributed OF their earnings to enlarge
The fortunes OF quite number OF bankers, brokers'
express companies and other middle men.
New York brokers are now delivering Mex
lean dollars in tho West at ninety-seven and
. half cents. which Is the same price ut
which the trade dollar is delivered there. Mexican
dollars are smuggled into Texas in CONSIDER
able quantities. where they are exchanged for green
backs, which at premium in the northern Mexi-
can States because they are used as convenient form
OF remances San Francisco other parts OF the
United States by merchants.
But all this concerns only the trade dollar and its
equivalent the Mexioanidollar. These San
Francisco to-day ninety -four anc hall CENTS but tho
Bland dollar, the dollar OF the dadiea If IL were
coined to-day. would be worth thcre only ninety-wo
and eghttenths cents, and the bankers and brokers
!hore would be only too happy to maze somewhat
larger profit by supplying the real dollar of the daddes
10 tho Western silver Between tho San Fran
cisco brokers and tho Northwestern purchasers seven
and two-tenths cents would be divided Under all the
circumstances 1t is not surprising that the dollar Of
The daddies has enthusiastic friends, but why the
WoYkingmcn should be among them clear
for the trade dollar basis they lose ve
halt cents every silver dollar thoy take In the
shape Of wages.
TIE ouTRAoIs ON THE BORDER AND WHO ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR THEM.
When the Governor or Texas cries out that Texans
getting murdered by "Mcxcans" ho docs not
that Mexicans have CONT the border
He means that there is trouble between American
and other citizens Of Texas, the latter OF Mexican
gin or birth. Yet this frequent outcry OF 'Mcxican"
outrages attacks dcceives Northern public sent-
ment 1t should be understood that the border
ties OF Texas are largely populated by people OF Mex
can birth origin, and that when we
read in Texas dispatches that s'Mcxcans'' broke
opcn Jail or ran away with horses or committed a
robbery, these almost always Inhabitants OF
Texas. The census shows that Cameron county,
which Brownsville has 10 999 Inhabitants OF
whom 6,972 are OF foreign birth ana nearly all Mcx-
cans, and OF those who figure in the
born a considerable portion OF Mexican origin.
Hidago county, the next on tho border line
mas 1887 people, Of whom 1919 Mexl.
cans. Maverick county, which contains Eagle
Pass, has 600 natives and s35 foreigners. Ell Paso
county, the Of the riot. has 07o Mexicans out
Of total population or 3.67l. Presdio, tho next
county to E Paso, has $50 Mcxcans total pop.
of Texas native born OF Mexican descent
commits q crime, It figures naturally enough In tho
reports a murder robbery by a Mexican, and tho
impression is left tho public mind that these Next.
cans crossed the border TO commit q crime. whereas
they are in almost every case residents OF Texas
1t will be shown by tho Investigation committees
that since tho Inauguration of President Hayes not
than two or three parties have crossed the bor
der from Mexico TO rob In tho Lower Rio Grande
try. In the Upper Rio Grande region tho RAIDS havo
bcen altogether by nomadic Indians, who have becn
pursued into Mexico by Bulls and others.
Mn. DeUrwELL's NEW EDITION OF THE RE-
vIsED srATUTEs-REsUME OF THE WORK
ACCOMPLISHED.
Ex.secretary Boutwell,, who has been engaged tor
eight nine months Ia the preparation OF a now
EDITION OF the nrst volume OF the Revised Statutes
under an act Of Congress, has now completed hts
work and Will place II IN the hands of the Secretary
OF State tomorrow. Tho following Information con-
eerning the work will DO Of interest to lawyers
Mr.. Boutwell, has preilxed TO the volume tho
sttution Of the United statcs Iully annotated with
references 10 all tho decisions OF the United States
Supreme Court, referring to each section and 10
clause whero q section contains than Ho
has also prepared an index TO the constitution. In
The body OF tho work no has made three changes.
F'rst-W here Congress- has enacted verbal altcra
uons OF sections OF tho Revised Statutes the add-
tion or alteration is inserted verbally It's proper
piace. but In a type different from the body OF tho
work, and he has added In each marginal note
referring to the statute authorizing the change.
There about one thousand sucn changes.
Second-Hc has a reference In tho margin against
every section which has been amended by Congress
since tho Revised Statutes woro adopted, IN Dccem-
ber 1878. Tho references points to the statute by
which the amendment has been made, glvlnl the
date. and where reference is made tho reader
knows that tho statute remains unchanged.
Third--Hc has givon marginal references to all tho
decisions OF tho Supreme and Circuit courts Of tho
United States bearng on any section or the Revised
Statutes which has been interpreted by any OF these
courts.
Finally, he has revised the index. II should be un-
derstood that tho act OF Congress did not authorize
Mr. Boutwell, TO codiry the statutes enacted
since 1873. and no has not therefore touched them,