The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1877-08-29
The Much-tnlRcd.o Republic.

PEDRO River, on The Southeast, Il distance
along the coast of nearly GO miles. All tho
territory between these two points has been
purchased from tho original prOprietUrs.nl In
1873, the over which the political jurisdic-
lion OF the republic ACTUALLY extended Wass
and the largest town Is Monrovia, Il seaport
with about $1,000, inhabitants. There are n
great many rivers, none OF which are naViga-
Bile move chan twenty, miles from their
the st. Pani; 1t Is half q mile wide: and has
seven feetof water ut Its mouth, and IL nnvl-
Igable oliy- eighteen milesftpm the sea. fThe
except near the capes, which arc elevated, and
In the Southeast, where the shore Is bold and
rocky. From the coast the Ian gradually
rises. until at the distance Of thigty miles IN
the remoter interior into mountain ridges
divided by fertile Valleys. The soil is gener-
ally good, thoughBthere Is some very poor
land: There is litlssswamp land, the couii;
rocky or gravelIy. Thc climate Is that COM
mon to countries near the equator. > .51J w.
THERE ARE rwo sEAsoNsT
the wet and the dry, the former beginning
with June and ending with October. Rain
oils during (, ne greGter part OF OF TINS H1asS sea Is 'as
s sIslly sl N Saiy and d1 Hasa q nn In E sSe dry season. sses.
Irainiis rare, thoush there are occasional
year IL Monr6S igV deg, that Of the rainy
season being 7g5F9and Of the dry H. Theinnr.
curry seldoHkrises aboves0 In the Sunderland
month mont md Ju Ds' u :" the hottest; purinsthe
hottest months, January, February and
Winds the land breeze blowing from mid;
night until near midday and the sea breeze
from midday until near midnight. The
climate, both on the coast and In the interior,
DEADLY TO TIE WHITE MAN,
n r-.f l-It - . 4
blaak man born apd reared u
tregions. Strangers, Soon after their arrival
are attacked with q fever cnlled acclimating
which seems to be caused not by, the. heat.
Of witch little is known, and the 6ctor's
skill g gotten ntfault. This sickness indicates
Itsapproach by headache, pains IN The baek
I lsaG Of appetite nna and rna, mGrs ss or Isss iHta bii,S GUS
remittent fever. This sometimes yields to
mild treatment, and the patient is then, pre-
pared to endure ordinary exposure TO the
Fs snmes g. te gsnegai oyi ,o aGssv fofm me Of al interm at-
tent fever, accompanied by BILIOUS vomiting,
Ia dull expression OF the eye, and In the fbbti1c
paroxysms,intensc headache and defirtum.
This Is called !, .nz.
~ E TIE AsRIcAN FEVER,
and IN many OF ITS chagactorisrics very near
land is about as fatal to life. To thewhite
imam there is no acclimation in Libertpithe
first attack Of fever does not sechrgT himffom
climate is not unfnxorable; they are robust
ea a great age.eTfai% iii ISianstahe
PRINCIPLE ARr1oIE of EXPORT.
Maise, rice,, wheot, barley and oats, grow on
the highlands Of the interior. Cotton, sugar
cane and coffee are also produced 9pd Z
more thar every seven years grows
spontaneously. Ny
THE POPULATION
OF Libcria Is composed Of colOrod cmigrnnts
from the United States and their descendants
who form the ruling class, and of u~ncivlliZed
native tribes. The total population, accord
ing to the latest official estimates Of the
Libcrinn government, amounts. to 12O,OOo, OF
whom 1000 are America Libcrians. The
natives generally wear Il single loose gar
ment, leaving the head and feet bare, but the
colonists dress like Europeans, and in Mon
royia are rather distinguished for dressing
well. They are strict observers OF the Sub
bath, and havo many churches, which are
well attended. There Isl regular system OF
COMING SCHOOLS,
high schools and q college. The Methodist
Episcopal Church has organized the Liberia
mission into an annua conference, with a
in 1872 had twenty-four missionaries, twenty,
six churches, fifteen day schools 2,230
members. The Protestant Episcopal Church,
tho Baptist md tho Presbyterian also have
AlllSSioiiSO ltSlS. II itt poIoitte'cA ohSNSA
the jurisdiction OF the republic comprises q
variety of tribes. The Ways are considered
superior to all other tribes In morals and in
vented an alphabet for writing their language
and as they are In constant intercourse with
the Mandingos and other Mohammcdan
tribes OF the interior,
. MoaAMMEDANIsM
Is making rapid progress among them. The
Pessehs, i tribe who five about seventy miles
! from tho nnQlf sI1nnly nlnsf nf the nSfip
slaves for the ncighboring tribes. The great
ambition OF q Krooman Is to marry many
wives; this Is said to be the chief reason why
they wander from home and labor on ships;
to
BUY A WIFE,
he returns to his native village, marries, and
romnins awhile at home. When he desires
grows old, he ~retlres altogether from the
ocean, and lives In ease and plenty, supported
by the labor Of his wives, who cheerfully
work TO maintain him In comfort. TIL Kroos
are mostly idolaters, though they believe in
one supreme God. The Mandigos are the
most Interesting and promising tribe In the
territory Of Liberia. They are found Oh the
Eastern frontier, and wero the Libertan Gov
over them, 1t might exert through them a
powerful influence upon the interior. Tho
PRINCIPAL FARM1NG REGION
g Liberia Is on the banks of the st. Paul Riv-
or. The chief staple is sugar, OF which the
crop In 1871 was estimated Mt 100000 pounds.
The Liberinns have built and manned about
thirty coast traders, and they have o number
Of vessels engaged in commerce with Great
Britain md the United States; O steamer ev-
cry six days connects the West coast Of Africa
palm oil, palm nuts, ivory, arrow root, coffee
and sugar. Commerce Is carried on mainly
with Great Britain, the United States, Bel
gIum and Hamburg. The republic hrs con"
cludcd -
COMMERCIAL TREATIES.
with Great Britain, France, Belgium, Den
mark, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, Nor
way. Portugal and Austria. The public revc-
n y { from lsSs to }, 1870 d aySrafG TIo sdio sSsfo apS Ins
tics. The chief Items OF public expenditure
! are those for the civil service, ,Eao,No,) the
maintenance OF IN armed forcs, SlGSyoW) ana
liz ihe debt adht Wns for the 1fst time Contracted in
1871, when n loan OF s0.O,OgO,' at Z per cent. IN
terost, to be redeemed in fifteen ycrrs, was Is
sued In London.
THE CONSTITUTION
Of Liberia provides for the maintenance fol-
lowing fundamental principles: Al men
ing and defending life, liberty and the pur-
suit OF happiness, Al! power OF tho govern.
ment is Inherent In the people; slavery
shall not exist In the republic or pc couhIer
shall be by ballot, and every male citizen
possessing real estate shall have the right OF
suffrage. None but persons of color shall be
admitted to citizenship, a provision which IS
intended to be Of but temporary dqrati9a.
ture Of LIBERIA n is composed Of @ Senate
and n House OF REPRESENTATIVES: Each coS 9ar
a term OF four years. Representatives are elect
ed biennially, every county Mt o 5eSing entitled anS f TO
every 10000 Inhabitants. The President Is
elected by tn people flo for g term Of he two SoS yeaTS;
the secretaries of war, the navy, treasury and
state, the postmaster general, the Judges, and
many other officers, civil and military. inc
judicial power is vested III O Supreme Court
and also several subordinate courts. The re
public owes
IT'S oRIGIN
to the American Colonization society,
which, in 1870, scnttlIc first colonists from the
United States to the Shcrbro Islands, who
eventually settled vt Cape Measurable i'll 1872.
In 1917, the Declaration Of Independence was
made and u constitution adopted. The first
President was Joseph Jenkins Roberts, who
served four terms, from 1873 to 1896. During
- l.. 80 Jly,.t,1rtf pnI,n In IS-l