davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1877-07-17
at least touched bottom, and that the close
Of tho no1t six months may find us better OF
than row


THE SILVER DOLLAR
Tho Springfield (nl.) journal indu1ges In
| ecstatics, and proclaitns to m estoundes1
world tho fact that It has mado discovery,
In which no other pcrson eau claim any
| share. II says:
Notwithstanding the amopnt Of snace devoted
10 The tilseussfnn Of tho "aIlvcr question" By
rnhny papess at she present time. ire btfttre fiat
tao JoaT&df AdA been tae ars y not khs o1fv one,
to call attention 10 the fact that tho practical lc
uonctiHat!on Of silver occurred In 1sa3 while the
much abused act Of 1872 mesoly rorpctuhted what
had alecndy been 3nna In effect.
No ono will tlispute tho honor with tho
Journal Tho discovery consfsts in finding
nmone tho statutes Of tho United states tho
not Of 1853, which reduced tho weight Of
silver half-lollars, quarters, dimes, md half
dimes and made thcm 1cgal-tenier only for
sun,s Of 81 and less. Up to TINT tlmo tho
silver dollar weighed 4l23 grains and the
A1nall coins In proportion. The net Of 1858
provided:
/. Tho weight Of TIC haif .tiol'ar, or picee Of 80
cents taah be 1e3 grstns, and tho quarter dollar,
dime. and half-d nhAll bc respectively enc.
hail. one-hft and onc-t tenth Of the weight OF aafd
half.doltar.
. The siver coins issued In conformity with tho
above section shall b ttgai.ftnders In payment Of
debts for att sums rot <rt<tdIH1 s..
Tho argument, III which conslsts tho grand
discovery, In that Congress, by mixing tho
small coins alegal-tondor for $5, made tllem
more .aluablo AS money tl,an tho dollar,
which contained twenty eight md a half
grains moro silver than dollar madc up Of
small cuiins; and therefore, being moro val-
uabe as money, tho silver t1ollars were run
In and rocoined into lalf-t1ollnrs; md that
thus practically TIE silvor dollar was demon
osized as far back rs 1853.
Tic slrer dollar was by law tho unit Of
value OF Amerioa1, money, md 1t was i,nma-
ter'al wheshnr It Was coined or not, It
weighed 412t grains, nine-tentha Of which
wcro puro silver, and that woi8ht Of TINT
aneness WIS by Inv tho valuo Of tho Amcri-
can dollar. The weight Of tho gold dollar
was originally In the proportion Of / to
lin silvor. This made our gold dollar too val
uabfe, and, it beng moro valuable as bullion
than Us coin, 1t WIS exported rs fast rs
coined. To remedy this, Congress reduced
tho weight of the gold coin, making II in
the proportion Of to to Of silver. In duo
time tho great discoveries OF gold reduced
It's proporti',nato value, md American silver
coin, In tho proportion Of 10 to in gold,
became more valuable ~ bullion than as coin;
so as inst as our ailvor WAS coiued It WAS
bought In tho proportion Of gold dollar for
1G silver dollars. and exported. To remedy
this, Congress, in order to supply tho coun-
Try with amfll change, which would not DO
, 1877-07-17

Tic Hartford [0urant hes n libel suit on
ha1:a by rensou Of komo vigorous cha.acteri-
cation Of the manner In which tho Chartor-
On} Insurance Company wns conducted.
Gen. JoE HEw1Er, the editor, abatea not
jot Of Lis siyor in inviting tho plaintiffs to
taLc their remedy,
, 1877-07-17
TIE RESPONSIBLE SYSTEM or GOVERN.
MENT

ltCSP0n8IOl1 G0FGrnmpat" Inns bbGr th0
subject Of large number Of articles in TIN
roriews, maga=incs, and nowsnapor nresa of
this country during tho past yoar. x1ost NJ
.hon, haye beon written with Tho purpoao
Ut urging the adoption In the United sta.ez
Of tho System ct Government known by tl;a
designation. 10 this end thew hayo <le,
scr;bcd It's advantages, and hayo lwelt mar.
tieularly on tho iltncss of Government Tint
should respond promptly and directly to tho
will Of tho people; many Of them have clam.
orod for tho immediate substitution Of tho
rouponsIblo sys.om for that which now nro-
vasls, ~ though tho substitulion ,yoro mn
casy mattor; but noarly all Of thom ha,o
failed to point out tho radical changes tlot
would bo necessary. For those who desire
to giyo tho subject consideration. /. viii lo
well to notioo tho lit1dronco bolivian tho
English mud American systems.
The American system is boaed unon thu
theory Of throe independent on,l oo.orlina,s
branches OF tho Governmont viz. TLa f.
ecutiyc, tho Lerislntiye. apd tbo Judici,rv
The independence Of this Executive onl III
Legislative brancAse. eaca of tie other, In
absolute, inasnuch on ouch acouires nnthor.
ity from tho pcop1e. WHO olcct },otb fo- n
fixed term. The President oxorci.cs fla
powors t1allnoQ by tho Constitution th-,rol,
a vote Of the peop1e primarily M ,nrc,, ~
Congress-, and the Governor NJ st.to c,,
claim tho samo independence a, Tin 1oo,.1a.
turo, as tho pooplo have orcatol Iotb ,rho
judiciary of Tho State is ]ikowi.o c1cr,s1 v ,,v
tl4o people, mud the sunreme court ~ IN
United stntca acouirca n s;n,{Io- ,n,,o..aS
once by a lifo tenuro and The or,horitv -
coustruc TIM roast,.nt;ona,,tv -, ,,,o ia,ws
passod by tho Lcos1atnr, Tho ,,trn.,aa l.,
prosty fnirIy described In tlo 1onmooa -, NJ
tho exhibitor who cx,laincd tho riatnro w.
of "DAstg1 In tin L,onx. Ia, ~
tho small boys Mt tba ,oo,,.a}ov x,,,..,
he said ar vo,, lat ~ -
to The loft. vo,, will ohaarv, ho t1on,t ,.s.
damn for tho lions: ond II von Ink nj no
lions crouch,n9 on tho richt von vii, ,,ra
wiee ob,erve .hcv don,t co~a 7..., ~.
DANIEL" Tic ti,corv of mr. novornma,,. =.
TINT each Of tha t,,rae brancbos ,,..in~.
clcarly.4,et, functions hot1 n rows. ] -
attorney from The peoule a,ul o,s IL ros su
uerior 10 tho otl,er. TLo Iao;ulotr1a h. ~
eutboritv IN oaA t,o prev,f1ont =, .,.a .,e.s ~
nor tba prostf1a,t onv moro n .o,, r.. s,...
orcas to 20 nbont ita In,a;noas ,xh,,o ~ ~ 80 s.'
nro,no Court ,oov nth T., 3oaonoo - h..,, w.,
conssruo tho lawa affact;no ~ .s.,e, s' ~
both. This syston haa wortoa hnrmon,or..
" nnl given nrattv gonaro1 sntisS.a,;a.' M ~.
mora than cjnhtv vosr. viii ,ho oo..sts.,.,
serious fsrrino TINT ,,ea orison wv, = ar,,,
, 1877-07-17

Irregular Subscriber" is informed that the
minority OF liArxs over TlLnEa in Ohio last
November was 1873; majority over T1Lpss,
sMlTiI, mud CoorRN, o.747.
, 1877-07-17

Tho brief tliEpatclses, forwarded by tho
farluerH tlselnscl7oJ. which mako up our crop
reports asa vol worth reading for tho good
news they contnin. In atinnosota, Iowa,
Nebraska, Wisconsin, auil Kausas the spring
wheat ia colning on splendidly, tho fine
vcather Of tic past few days having prac-
t'ct1'ly p!aced tho crop almost beyond tho
scacl. Of harM. The Sumo fortunate coudi-
tons have done world OF good to the strug-
Cling corn i'll Illinois, Missouri, aud other
States, enabling tho farmers to undo in great
n1sns'sre tho mischief dono by heavy sraius.
AL other grains sce1n secure for bouasiful
yield, ind tho best Ut IL IL tlat what Is now
o tlattering prospect will soou he q certainty.
, 1877-07-17

bankruptcies in tho United States in tho frat
half Of 1877, taken from tho Mercantile
Agency'a circular, which will commend itself
to business men, and give them ample op-
portnnities for. specializing On the ve1ed
rrollo1n whether tho revival Of business
prosperity has commenced, as sono sanguine
financiers hnvo announced. Regarding tile
number OF failures, tho circular statea that
there were o,03e In 1870 and 7,740 In 1876,
and TINT during tho first half Of this year
thero have been 4,740 against 1900 In tho
lsBt half Of 1870 and 1868 In tho first half Of
1873. 1T tho frat glanco this appears to bo
o considerable increase, yet tho proportion Of
inaolVents to tho number Of persons in busi.
ncss doca not iucroaso'in the same ratio o.
tho number OF failures, since tho circular
states that tho liat of na1uos from which
thoso iusolvoncioa aro reported comprises
7ol,o5o firms and individuals, against col, ,154
SIX months ago. Tho aggregate Of CONNER
cial failurea presents somo interesting facts.
Tho total liabilities for 1876 wezo $o01, ,og1,-
a33 for 1876 they woro $19l,117, ,78G. Tho
total for tho past SIX months Ia 900, COG, III.
II tho next ak months should provo a. dis
astrous Is tho Inst SIX, the total would reach
S109, .oao. or $5,00l ,658 moro than 1876
and 81, BAT ,03l less thau In 1875. A fairos
way to mako comparisons is TO group The ro-
turns by complete yoars, For tho year opd.
ing June 80, 1870, tho number Of 1ailurcs
was 8,770, and tho liabilitios $o33, ,GB2. GIG,
for tho year ending juno 80, 1877, Tue mum.
boF OF failures was o,241, Nh increase Of
ID~ f1fIf
, 1877-07-17

Greenl,acks ct tho Now York Exchange
yes. crtlny closed at OH.
, 1877-07-17

Mr.. ZAcuAR1An CHANDLER Is credited by the
Now York correspondent OF tic Cincinnati
Commercial With having joined CHARLES A.
DANA in conspiracy against President HATES.
Tho Sun Of lust Saturday printed fac-amllcs of
two certificates Of deposit for $1,000 each. ts-
sued by tho Second National Bank OF Now
York on tho 1oth Of last 8cptclnhcr to the order
Of CHANDLER. Tic certificates arc tnlorscl By
CHAMBER to Hates, and In turn by HATES
to two bank cashiers. The explanation OF this
mysterious financial operation ID sufficiently ex.
plclt. At tho time these checks wcre
drawn CHANDLER was cxasperatcd by
privnto assurances that HAYES meant
to enforce tho principles OF Civil
Service Reform suggested IN the Republican
platform. CHANDLER controlled tho campaign
fund. part OF which was made up from tho con-
tributIons Of ofllccholdcrs. Being asked for
funds to carry on the campaign ln Ohio about
this time, he conceived tho ingenious itlea nf
making tue drifts to tho order Of Gov. 11AYxs,
instead Ut drawing, ~ us,tal, to tic order Of
WTKorr, Chairman OF tho State Central COM
mittcc. When these drafts reached HAYES lie
at first refused to sign them, but. being ase,trcd
that tho money had been obtained from lcclti.
mate sources. and was contributed voluntarily
BY fdcnds Of tho cause, lie did Afterwards, at
the earnest solicitation OF WrKopy, inlorsc the
drafts. Thu transartIun was proof oily Of tho
f1a1EgnttY Of CHANDLER, not Of any tndecorum
or tho part Of the Republican candidate for tho
T1reeti7arrv
, 1877-07-17

Ahrsphg TltCuffc.
Monroe street. corner Of Dearborn. Novelty,
farce. anf pantoniinn Mcssn- Tat Rooney. +. II.
Hall. MRfatt. etc.; MeAlatnea Larkce, AlAh Rfch-
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06

and seventy-four dollars and five cents.
Take the month in which he bought the
hog, which cost twenty dollars, and fifteen
hundred pounds of corn meal, at a cost of
eighteen dollars and seventy-ive cents; hay
and meal, thirty-eight dollars and seventy
five cents. The butter sold for fifty-six dol
lars and seveuty-fve cents, leaving balance
for profit of eighteen dollars. These results
are after using milk and butter in family
of six persons all of the time, and extra help
in the hurrying portion of the year. Feeds
the skim-rlik to pigs-of which none have
any better
c. ID. Bartlett, from six cows, sold two
thousand pounds of butter at Northampton
Che having supplied one family constantly
for nineteen consecutive years. for seven
hundred dollars. These are the figures for
one years yield per COW Three hundred
and thirty-three and one-thrd pounds; yield
in cash value, one hundred and sixteen dol
lars and sixty-six cents. He feeds as heavily
as he dares, and cares well TO- his cows, treat
ing them as pets. Messrs, Bartlett and Field
raise and feed fodder corn, and they think
that it pays. These gentlemen feed the soil
in the same liberal manner that they do
their cows, and testify that good, high farm
ing does pay, and no other will pay.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06
The Play Angel.

A poor little boy sat on the bank of clear
streamlet, and watched the fishes as they
played joyously together in the dancing
waters. 1t was so still and peaceful on the
spot where he sat--the waves FLASHED so
dreamily and the birds in their green bow
ers sang so sweetly, the boy dropped his
head against willow bough and feel asleep
lie might have slept an hour, when he
awoke and, to his great establishment, saw
a beautiful boy at his side, who seemed to
be also just awakiug, He was dressed in a
rich golden suit, and wore green wreath
upon his light curls, under which shone out,
beaming with love, two eyes blue as the
heavens above. The air of the boy was ex-
ceedingly delicate and refined 50 that it was
evident he was of high rank yet he was not
at all assuming, but reached out his white
hand to the poor ragged boy, and said
Brother, dear, we have slept beside each
other, now let us play together. See, every
thing is sporting around us the clouds are
chasing each other; the little fishes are play
ing at hide and seek the leaves on the trees
are dancing merrilyi the tiny insects are Hit
ting in the sunshine; and there are two
beetles wrestling together to see which is
the stronger. So we must also play"
"Yes, that we will" said the poor boy I;
:" but then we have no playthings; at least,
have none; for yesterday gave away my
pretty ball for bit of bread, because was
so hungry"
mo playthings, do you say? Why, we
have them all about u.s. if we only know
how to use them. But see you do not, so
will teach you. First, we will build our
selves beautiful castle" Saying this he
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06
Use Of SKINNED Milk.

In the discussions of the western New
York dairymen for 1873, it is stated, Chan
tauqua county dairymen figured the actual
value Of skinned at ten dollars per annum
per COW, if fed to the cows, as it increased the
yield of milk to that extent. There are SUI
gar and casein enough in the skinned milk
nine per cent. of the weight-to supply as
much flesh and fat to growing animals as
are needed by the requirements of their ami
NAL organism; or, in other words, pigs and
calves need little more to keep them in a
healthy, growing condition. When fed to
pigs like the Suffolk or Essex, and a careful
record of increase in weight was kept,
SKINNED milk, with the addition of little
corn meal, has sometimes been found by
actual trial to be worth one cent per quart,
while at another time the value of the milk
would not reach over one-half that. The
few experiments made show this wide diff
ference. correspondent of the Maine
Farmer says that neighbor of his fattened
two hundred calves in 1875, nearly all being
fed nothing but skinned milk, selling them
at an average of nine dollars each. He kept
them tied separately, with clean, dry bed.
ding under them at all times, and was care
full not to feed so much as to get them to
securing" He fed them from four to six
weeks each, buying them of his neighbors
at an average of one dollar each, at two days
old. They were fed three times per day, the
quarts at each feed, and some took more.
In this case the skinned milk sold at about
one cent per quart on the average. Alexis
T. Smith, of New Haven, has experimental
on a large scale, and reports that he finds
new milk to pay him as well when fed to
calves as when made into butter.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06
DIR. Cressy on Horn All,

Professor Cressy remarked that from time
immemorial almost all the diseases which
bovine animals are subject to have been as
crbed to "horn all" This is an imaginary
disease. The lecturer exhibited horn with
portion of the skull attached. This was
calf, slaughtered at two and half years
old, which never was sick day in its life
He had shown this specimen in many places
and the believers in horn all would at once
say that it was an excellent specimen of that
disease. In this specimen the horny envelope
or powder horn, had been removed leaving
the bone, which was sawn lengthwise exhi-
biting hollow at the base, extending up
twothirds of its length. This bone, COM
monty called the "pth of the horn, is an
otf-shoot from the frontal bone, and is pro.
tected by the dermal envelope or "powder
horn which covers the bony portion. The
hollow in the bone extends down into the
frontal bone of the skull, and is simply an
air cavity which extends from the nostrils
up uHt Htdu anu lulO ilt IlOTHS. IL
is possible that insects may, and they some.
times do, pass through the nose into the sin
uses in the skull and they may even pass up
into the cavity in the horn The horn is
kept warm by the blood passing around it
in set of blood vessels lying between the
dermal or horny layer and the bone, and COW
ering the latter, as may be seen where the
horn has been slipped off When the ami
NAL is young and growing rapidly plenty of
healthy blood flows to the horn as to the
other extremities, and the horn is warm. As
the animal grows older and the horn has
more surface, it becomes cooler, because
comparatively less blood circuates there In
the process of growth portion of the centre
of the bone becomes absorbed, leaving a cav
ity. Into this the cold air from the nostrils
passes, helping to cool the horn. The older
the animal, the larger will be the hollow in
the bone and the colder will be the horn
Ignorant of these facts, many farmer
when his COW is sick from any cause, first
feels of the horns to see if they are cold. If
they are found so, they are assumed to be
hollow, in consequence of disease and the
next thing is to bore the horn and put in vine
gar and pepper and salt, and what not, to
cure disease which does not exist even
now, half the farmers in New England will
deride as =" scientific new tangled notion -
the statement that there is no such dis
ease as "horn all" But the hollow horn
is natural and physiological condition of
the COW
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06

Some of our readers will remember this
worthy friend, who attended the fruit meet
ing of the Board of Agriculture at Grand
Isle, some two years ago. Many others are
familiar with his standard American Fruit
CuitwiSt," and with his constant contribu-
tons to the Country Gentleman, of which he
is the associate editor. A contemporary
reporting a recent horticultural gathering
speaks of Mr.. Thomas thus
"An elderly man enters the horticultural
meeting, to whom all eyes are turned. Above
the medium size, with fair complexion
plump, placid and pleasant; he comes for
ward to the reporters desk, walking with a
crutch. President Barry mods as he takes
his seat, and all are glad that John j. Thomas
is with them again. A Quaker of the
straightest sect, he does not reckon fruits
among the superduities of the world. Much
of his active and laborious life has been de-
voted to their improvement and dissemina-
ton. As associate editor of the Country Cen
heman, contributor to various periodicals,
author of standard works upon horticulture
and kindred Subjects as a practical pomolo-
gist, he has done his country good service.
He has recently re-published his noted work,
1.-THE American Fruit Cuturist," which
few can afford to do without He is princi-
pal of school for boys at Union Springs,
Cayuga, county, N. Y. His wife belongs to
the Rowland family, liberal, wealthy and re-
spected Quakers. Mr.. Thomas has given
much attention to farm and garden imple-
ments, and is inventor of Thomas celebrated
Smoothing Harrow" His father, David
Thomas, was a noted horticulturist, and an
eminent engineer, having in charge some of
the most difficult and important work on the
Erie Canal"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06

We like to publish statements of results
in dairying, where all the facts are intelli
gently given, so that Others may profit by
the relation. The following from report
of the Whately (Mass) Farmers Club, in
the Cultivdtor is worthy of notice and mi-
tation. Cannot some of our readers give
us similar statements of successful work
Edwin Field said that he kept eleven cows
and sold the butter made from their milk at
Northampton, after reserving what he
needed in a family of six persons, for one
year. During the time the cows all
calved. The butter sold was three thou
sand and forty-seven pounds, and the money
received from the sale was one thou.
sand two hundred and twenty-five dollars
at the rate OF forty cents per pound He
feeds five quarts of corn meal 10 each COW
daily, and by weighing his hay he found
that he fed about seventeen pounds of hay
per day; feeds meal as high as he dares to.
The yield sold from each COW was two hun
dred and seventy-seven pounds income per
COW, one hundred and ten dollars and eighty
cents Calling the hay at twenty dollars
per ton and the meal at one dollar and TWEEN
ty-five cents per one hundred pounds, the
cost OF keeping COW was ninety-fve dollars.
lie has pasturing for only five or six cows,
but alternates, so that the cows all have a
chance at the ground, which he deems an
advantage, as they like it exceedingly well.
Feeds the skim-milk to pigs. And has a
fine lot of valuable manure, suitable to the
production OF any crop he may desire to cul-
tivate. lie said that his pigs were carried
up to two hundred pounds or over on the
milk, and then fed with meal until turned
over to the butcher, at good profit.
Walter Crafts said that for eleven months
preceding the 18th of September, 1875, he
kept his cows constantly in the stable, and
fed them almost entirely on dry feed he
feeds shorts and meal, all he dares give them
one month he bought all that he gave them.
lie had eight cows, and most of them were
dry and came in in the course of the eleven
months. The whole amount of butter sold
was two thousand and sixty-six and three
fourths pounds, and eight hundred and forty
five quarts of milk, bringing seven hundred
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06
For the "
BObOlinks.

| like-yes, love bobolinks. OF the null
titude of feathered sougsters, whose notes
are as the voices of dear friends, the bobo-
link is my favorite. His song is all glad
ness each one sings as if he were the hap
piest bobolink in all the world. How he
loves the tall grass, and lets his laboring
wings float peacefully while he drops into
its cool depths There he walks content
eddy, as you or | in cool forest shade.
Well he knows where the mother bird is
hidden, and sweetest of all the songs he
trills are those on the fence near by. Bobo-
link is one of few of our songsters that
sing on the wing. Perched on tree he
gives himself to free abandonment of merry
music, till on sudden, at the impulse of his
own "sweet WILL he cleaves the air. his
shadow fitting over the grass at your feet,
his breast cleaning in bright sunshine over
your head, and his song growing fainter till
it ceases in the distance. At midday, in
quiet, contemplative mood he sits in the
shade and lets this liquid melody overflow
drop by drop, until the sweetness of his own
soft notes awakens him to a long, excellent
rhapsody of song. Shy of village homes, he
only gives Aourishing finale to the birds
grand morning concert, or an occasional
brief entcing strain during the day, as il
calling us to the broad, sunny meadows he
loves so well, along the river side Come
let us go. A.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-06-06

APPLYING Observation-Disclosures have too
little confidence in the manure they use
and the plants they grow. They seem to
think that it can do the plants little good
unless it is placed very near where the seeds
are planted. Nor do they seem TO think
that plants can find manure, unless it is very
near to their roots. If manure is to be used
wholly to start plants into vigorous growth
as one blows upon live Goals to start blaze,
then it may be best to apply it in the hill or
very near to the roots when they first start
from the seeds but if the manure we use is
considered in the light OF plant food to be
drawn upon every day until the plant comes
to maturity, then it is perfectly safe to
apply it broadcast and work it into the soil.