davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1877-07-20
Fashion Notes.

Walking dress skirts clear the ground
in Paris
Flounces gathered at wide intervals
are very popular
Scarf pins of dead or oxidized silver
are much sought after.
Linked sleeve buttons are taking the
place of other kinds.
Trained dresses are worn i'll the house
only by Parisians.
Black silk and black cashmere Breton
suits are coming in vogue.
Bonnets composed entirely of flowers
are worn by few daring ladies,
Wide collars and cuffs worn over, not
inside, the sleeve, are coming in vogue,
Cuffs have round or square corners to
match the collars with which they are
worn.
Turned down collars are not as deep
as formerly, and have wider space in
front.
The contest between short and train
ed street dresses is decidedly in favor of
the former.
English shirt-collars have turned over
points, rolled very far back, leaving the
throat bare,
Sleeveless sacks, slightly loose and
straight i'll effect, are worn with polo
naises for the street.
Ribbon lacings, fastening two parts of
a garment, are among the novelties in
trimmings.
Necklaces of lace Will replace for
summer the bands of velvet worn with
stylish costumes in the winter
Last seasons silks are admirably
freshened into new toilets by side-plait
ed flowers and rufles of Swiss or tarla-
tan muslin.
Stylish suits are frequently made with
the Louis XVI, or Continental basque,
with its long, square waistcoat and
square positions, square collar and
cuffs, la mousquetaire,
The prettiest cheap jewelry in the
market is of porcelain, made to resem
BILE enamel, representing all the flowers
of the field and garden. Sets can be
had to match every toilet.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1877-07-20

scription for the freed negroes The
proposition was..received with such ia
vor that in less than five minutes fifty
dollars were collected"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1877-07-20
Trajan's Wall.
From the London Globe.


The events now transpiring in the
neighborhood of the Danube bring into
curious prominence the name OF the
Emperor Trajan, the buttresses of
whose bridge, we believe, still stand on
opposite banks of the Danube, and
whose famous wall seems to be the line
along which the tide of war is rapidly
rolling. The bridge thrown over the
Danube by this great monarch was, in
some respects at least, the most remark
able of all the structures that success
i've belligerents have erected for the
passage of their troops. 1t was not Il
mere floating bridge, but a permanent
structure, carried on piers $50 feet high
and 60 feet wide, and it comprised TWEEN
ty arches, extending altogether over a
span OF 4,770 Roman feet. This giant
structure, than which ancient history
records nothing of the kind equal to it.
seems to have been intended as a for
tress as well as bridge. Standing
eighty feet above the water it is sup
posed to have afforded the command Of
the Danube navigation, a garrison post
ed on it being, of course, able to damage
or destroy vessels passing under, while
they would be above the reach Of retail
alton. 1t was destroyed by Hadrlain,
and it's precise locality has been the sub
iect Of some dispute. Ruins which evi-
IDENTIFY might have formed the buttress
es of a bridge, occurring on the line of
an old Roman road, however, seems to
leave little room for doubt. Trajan's
Wall is another relic of this terribly en-
ergetic old Roman. tits, strictly speak
ing, a rampant of earth about 30 or 40
miles long, and extends from Rassova
just at the bend in the Danube, to the
shores of the Black Sea, Though only
an earthwork, it is formidable line of
defense. 1t is 8 or 10 feet high, with a
fosse in front of it, while the western.
portion is still further fortified by deep
lakes and the swampy valley Of Kara
Su. In addition to all this, another
rampant Of similar character lies just
in the rear of IT, This is known as the
South Wall, the space between the two
ramparts being from 1,ooo to 2'ooo feet.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1877-07-20
MEASURES.

BY II. II.
have dainty cup of glass;
1t is not craven by line;
Its beauty is its fragileness;
A baby's hand might crush it fine.
l gave a man to drink from it,
One day, n draught of water cold.
He took it like a wOman's hand,
In reverent, loving, lingering hold.
He held it up in keen delight,
GaZed on it's texture rare and fine;
"Such glass as this he rapturOus said,
"Gives water all the grace of wine."
Another day, another man
Sat eating, drinking at my board;
Into the dainty, peerless glass,
A peerless wine for him poured.
He drank it ut swallow down;
With smOthered wrath well-nigh burst
Nor wine nor glass was aught to him,
So that he qucnched his boOrish thirst.
'Ah mel" said, 'tO him that hath,
All things on earth their tribute bring;
From him that hath not, earth takes back
And leaves him beggared, though king" +"
-Scribner for July.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1877-07-20
ATTORNEYS.
j. T.. COOK,
A TTORNEY AT LAW, JESUP, IOWA.

ii. w. HOLMAN,
SUCCESSOR TO ]. s. WOODWARD,
4 TsTORNEY AT LAW AND COLLECTION
IA Agent. Office over Tabor & Sons Drug
Store. Independence, Iowa.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
Costly Cooks.

Few things are more significant OF the
growth OF luxury in this country in the
past twelve years than the prizes de-
manded and paid for cooking Mrs.
Paran Stevens, Il lady who would appear
to be q prey to designing servants, hay
ing been robbed OF her jewels by one and
OF many other yaluables by another.
came into court on Tuesday to resist pay
ment TO Andrew Godeur, lately in her
service as cook. She testified that his.
wages were $40 a week, and that she had
promised to pay him So. so day for ex-
ira work. Assuming this latter to have
taken place twice q week, and this would
bring mis- emolUment to $45 a week. and
probably his perquisites, III the way of
kitchen stuff, would amount to S. a week
more since we know OF French woman
in the service Of wealthy merchant who
receives 5000, gold, year, and in nine
years has never spent cent OF her
wages, finding her perquisites more than
sufficient for all her expenses. Such
salaries as these, with board and lodging
OF the best go to make an income which
thousands OF highly educated men and wo-
men regard with envy, and, in view Of the
awfully overstocked condition of the
learned professions, and the rarity of
good cooks, ladies and gentlemen, who.
are conscious of a fitness for the culinary
art, might do worse than cultivate it.
At the present moment an extremely
handsome young Englshman, perfect
linguist, and a graduate of Balleil Col
lege, Oxford, son of late distinguished
official, is performing the duties Of butler
in family here, and the gentleman with
whom he last lived declared that SO per-
feet a servant he had never had. He
must regreta lack Of culinary knowledge,
which might have enabled him with, the
goat, and discriminating palate, which
a long acquaintance with the art of din
ing has given him, to become a Gordon
6leu of the cuisine.-NeaO York Sam.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

companies in the city of Newark is the "Clark
Hose Company" organized May 10Th, 1869.
There are twenty members, employees of the
factory, brave. active men. trained by frequent
practice to their duty, and proud of their com-
pany and outfit. Their equipment is as fol-
lows Two hose carriages with wrenches, bars
and axes, carrying seven hundred and fifty feet
of hose on reels and two pipes with extra noz-
zles. They also command nine hundred feet of
hose with pipes and nozzles in twenty-one
different stations, in and around the factory,
one Cameron fire pump one Worthington one
Watts & Campbell and one Blake pump one
hundred and seventy-eight filled buckets in
their proper places throughout the works, six
teen hand pumps, sprinklers in all the rooms of
the cotton mill, the packing house, the machine
and scarpentcr shop and the driving rooms
There are also sprinklers in the two top floors
of the thread mill and in the warehouse and,
there are thirty-five fire plugs or hydrants on
the premises. Regular meetings are held on
the second Monday in each month, and practice
is had every two weeks. Examination of all
valves, hydrants, pumps and other equipments
takes place on the first of each month, and
minute report of the exact condition, position
and effectiveness of the fire service is made to
The Clark Thread Company.
THE CLARK THREAD COMPANY RELIEF SOCIETY.
& One of the best and most beneficial organi-
cations which constitutes a part of the system
and care of the Clark Thread Company for
their employees, is the Relief Society. 1t was
organized January 22d, 1870, for the purpose CT
providing 8 fund for the relief of those who
might, by accident or sickness. be incapacitated
from sustaining themselves. All the employees
of the COMPANY must be members of the so
ciety, and each receives assistance when
needed, from the fund according to the amount
paid in, which must be at least one cent per
week, but no one is permitted to pay in an
amount which would draw, in case of sickness,
more than half their average weekly wages.
Every cent paid in draws seyenty-five cents per
week. The Clark Thread Company contributes
five dollars per week to the fund without cessa-
ton, but all others cease their contributions
when the unexpended balance in the treasury
reaches fifteen hundred dollars When the
fund is reduced to seven hundred dollars, pay
ments are renewed. The payments into the
treasury average about nine months in the year.
We hope that this humane and systematic
organization may find many imitators
among the manufacturers of Newark and
throughout the country, who read this article.
The company pays interest at seven per cent
on the money in the treasury, besides their five
dollars per week into the fund. Since its Or
ganization one thousand three hundred and
ninety-seyen members have been relieved, and
twenty-fOur deaths have occurred i'll the society.
The reason that the receipts for 1874 and 1876
are less than usual is because the fund had
reached the maximum of ST 800, and payments
were stopped The following very interesting
table shows the amount received and paid out
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

numerical fact But four grades of cotton
are ordinarily used in the manufacture Of
Clarks 20. N. T." Spool Cotton, and known
as ''Sea Island Cotton" This comes prin-
cipally from South Carolina, and is grown
on the small islands along the coast. Con-
siderable is raised on the peninsulas and
around the bays and inlets, but it is not equal
to thatof the sea islands, which is the finest in
the world The first bag of this sea island cot
ton of the crop of 1876 was purchased by the
Clark Thread Company at fifty cents per pound.
The inland cotton is not used in the manu-
facture Of thread, being too short in the fiber.
On these sea islands were the richest planters
of the South in
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
Keeping Cider.

A correspondent Of the Country Gen
lenoaas says; "Let me give you and
your readers a recipe for preparing CT
der, that I found superior to any method
that | have tried. After cleansing it of
impurities by fltering it, OF otherwise,
draw off into clean cask-a whisky
barrel or wine cask is good. For forty
gallons, take one quart of alcohol and
add to it one-half ounce each of the oils
of wintergreen, sassafras and CHINA
mon shake up and pour into the cider;
bung and shake the barrel gently, and
let it stand to cure. 5"
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
HOW CLARK 30. N. T." SPOOL COTTON ORIGIN
-.-...5 ATED.

HOW CLARK's 20. N. T." SPOOL COTTON ORIGIN
a..,f ATED
&, Until within few years. the great difficulty
to be overcome in the introduction of sewing
machines was the objections made by manri-
factllrers and operators to the then popular
threads. These complaints were 80 loud END
well founded that the sale Of sewing machines
was greatly inpeded on account of the impos
sibility> OF obtaining q thread adapted to their
use. Mr.. George A. Clark approaching the
difficulty, introduced into the American mar
ket the now famous Clarks . 0. n. T." Spool
Cotton, all numbers being six cord, from TO
100, which met the demand, did away with all
complaints, and long since established its repu-
tation as the lest thread in use for sewing
machines or hand sewing. To Mr.. George A.
Clark belongs the credit of being the first to
supply those fine qualities Of Six-Cord Spool
Cotton with which his name is a8soci-
ated. The thread is used and recon-
mended by agents of the Singer, Wheeler &
Wilson, Grover & Baker, Domestic, Howe,
Florence, Weed, Wilson, Blees, Remington, Sc
cor, Home, llathrop and other sewing machine
companies The superior quality Of Clark's
80. N. T." Spool Cotton soon secured for it an
immense sale, but with the great popularity of
the goods came also counterfeits which made it
necessary for themanufacturers to adopt trade
mark for their own and the public's protection,
and now upon every genuine spool of their
thread is the following:
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
THE NEW YORK HORSE

At NJ. 600 Broadway, cnrner ne VT
street. New York, is the splendid lllag 1e ...Ii-
ing OF George A. Clark 4 Brother. the selling
agents of The Clark Thread Comnanv The
entire five stories of their magnificent place are
fitted up with every facility possible for the
prompt transaction of their immense business.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

The Indiana Legislature has defeated
a bill intended to. allow husband and
wife to testify against each other.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

roar OF many waters mingled with the clatter
of a thousand wheels. One of the large rolls
of web or lap that came from the last scutching
machine is placed on carding machine, which
takes and runs it
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
BIGGEST PAIR OF TWINS

in New Jersey. They are supplied with steam
from nine immense tubular boilers and four
large upright boilers, Corlss' plan. They con-
sumo twenty-five tons of coal per day, which
will give some idea of the amount Of steam
necessary to drive the immense establishment.
Besides these there are three ordinary-sized
engines, made by Watts, Campbell & Co., of
Newark, in different parts of the works, making
seven in all, a grand total of nearly fourteen
hundred horsepower. The young mountain of
coal, which looks enough to last the whole city
year, is rebuilt by two hundred and fifty ton
boat loads, at brief intervals
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
WE ENTER THE ENGINE HOUSE,

itself large enough for an ordinary factory
Here is a mighty production of human brain
and Drawn. In the presence of this monster,
with it's majestic tread, one feels his own insig
nificance and frailty. This vast piece of ma
chinery, moving silently, save the sharp click
of the improved steam cut-offs, is equal in
power to the combined draught OF six hundred
horses, and is two engines in one, usually termed
double engine. The fy-wheel, travelling at
the rate of forty-eight revolutions per minute
and carrying three huge belts on its surface,
each two feet WIDE is seyenty-eight feet in cir
conference, twenty-five feet in diameter, and
weighs thirty tons, or sixty thousand pounds.
The shaft is fourteen inches in thickness. the
double cylinders are twenty-six inches in diane
ter, with'condensers, and a stroke Of five feet
They were built by Corliss, in 1874. One Of
the three belts on the fy-wheel is one hundred
and fifty feet in length. But even this double
monster could not run the works. 1t has a big
twin brother, and together they travel every
day for ten hours on their endless journey, and
never get tired. They are wonders of power
and elegant workmanship, worthy of d visit
from any one who wants to see the
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

GNU. No IL
WHEN WRITING To ADVERTISERS,
Wy please say you saw the advertisement
i'm this paper.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
THE OLD SLAVE DAYS,

many of them having as high as six handred
slaves, and compared with whom the feudal
lords Of England were children in luxury, hos
pitaity and elegance. But to-day all is changed.
Those vast estates are cut up into small planta-
tons, many of them owned by the negroes,
who now call no man master They bring in
their seasons product, sometimes on a mule
and again in large quantities. Brokers on the
ground or at the landings buy and pay thetne-
groes for their cotton, often dividing the money
according to the labor performed in raising the
crop. Some lease the land of the former own
ers but the old state of things is "dun CLAIR
gone" This trade and traffic, it maybe fairly
expected, will in few years largely increase
the wealth and intelligence of the race in these
localities
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

The trademark is familiar to every merchant
in the United States, and all who have ever
tried the genuine Clark's so. N. T." Spool Cot
ton continue to Useit.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
MANUFACTURING THE THREAD.

MANUFACTURING THE THREAD.
The cotton is brought in bales to the mixing
rooms, when it is examined and placed in bins.
according to the different grades, ready for the
scutching machines, which open and beat the
material, cleaning it from the dirt and sand it
contains in the bale. After going through the
scutching machine, it comes out in the shape
of roll, like wall paper, comparatively soft,
white and clean. 1t is, however, really in
very rough state compared with the fneness
and perfection that is to be reached. Several
of these scutching machines are running con-
tinually, and their sound is like the rear of a
lightning express train as it whirls past the
platform where you stand. The first scutcher
is fed with the bale cotton from hopper which
lets it through into knives set in large rollers,
which revolve with tremendous force, and
lightning speed, picldngsthe cotton into small
pieces, and passing it by suction of air on to
other rollers, between which it goes and comes
out in the shape of a web or clap" in large
rolls. -Four of these rolls are then placed upon
machine like the first and run together
through the same process of
PICKING AND BEATING AND CLEANING
when it comes out again in the same shape as
before, rolled to exactly the thickness which it
is desired to make the " silver" from which the
thread yarn is to be spun. What a "sliver" is
will be learned further on. The machine is SO
delcately set that itregulates the thickness of
the web or lap to within half an ounce, in
web of five feet, weighing only twelve to
eighteen ounces. After being put through
three scutching machines in this way and COM
ing cut with eight thicknesses of web or lap
similar to-that produced by the first process, it
is ready for the carding machines. This de-
partment is filled with Carding Machines,
Drawing Frames, Lappers, and Combing Ma
chimes, perfect labyrinth of betting, pulleys
and machinery, the noise of which is like the
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

Total. .............$ 12 92334 S1t,936. s.
Balance i'll treasury Jan. /, 1877, $98G.82
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22
THE SECOND DRAWING FRAME


multiphes the last length by six again, making
1,010,880x6 equal to 6,065, $50. which repeated
on the third drawing frame makes a length of
6,065, 280x6 equal to &c, 391 $50 feet. Now comes
the first slubbing FRAME where 36,391, 680x5 is
equal to 181, 1858, 400 +; the second slubber 49,
$685. 400x415 equal to 818, 812, 800 the interme-
date slubber 1871, 1858, 400x6 equal to 1872 1885,,
800 the finishing thread winding machine
makes the total length of the thread 4,912,876.
SO0x6 equal to 29,477. 26o, 800. Now it goes Oh
bobbins to the f" mil, where 20, ATT, 260, 900x94
gives us 272, 664, 1852. 400 feet. We then multi
tiply the last number of feet, which states the
total length of one pound of cotton
drawn into thread, by the length of the original
Web which is six and half feet. and have the
total as stated BEFORE 272 G64, $50, 400X65 feet,
making grand total of 1,772, 800, 635, 900 feet.
The cotton. when finished as yarn, has been
doubled six million, nine hundred and sixty
seven thousand two hundred and ninety-six
times(6, 967, 1850, in passing through the differ
emit processes. When the yarn is made into six
cord finished thread, the above number of
doublings have been multiplied by six, making
o total of Al. 803, 762 doublings Now divide
the total draught 1,772 1877 632 500, by the total
doublings, and. if the work is correct, we shall
have the total number of feet of yarn in q
pound Of cotton, which is 254, 337 feet. But
there has been 90 per cent. loss in the manu-
factpre, which must be added, making d total
of 3D5.254 feet Of yarn for pound of cotton,
or 100 hanks of $40 yards each, enough to
reach from New York to Trenton, distance of
sixty miles.
MACHINE AND CABINET SHOPS, BOX FACTORY AND
PRINTING HOUSE.
The Clark Thread Company do all their
printing and lithographing at the works here.
-Four printing presses are kept running all the
time, and in the Autograph department one
steam press and six or eight hand Autograph
presses are continually employed. In both de-
partments the practice of the cart preserva-
tive" is in the highest style. Orders for the
paper box department. in the one item of straw
board are given as high as eighty to one hum
dred tons at a time. In the machine shop
large number of men are employed in making
new machinery and keeping in repair the vast
quantity in use in the various departments of
fireworks. The cabinet factory turns out about
two hundred cabinets per day. The bobbins
ETC., used in the mill are made here. In fact
about all the Clark Thread Company go out
side for is the raw material. They manufacture
all they use, except few of the more intricate
or patented machines.
THE CLARK HOSE COMPANY.
One of the best organized and equipped fire
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1877-03-22

of The Clark Thread Company, which is five
hundred feet long, is mountain of two
or three thousand tons of coal, drawn out
of boats at the wharf by donkey engine,
and the bales Of cotton find their way from
the same wharf to the brick house for the
storage of that precious material, one pound
of which will make one hundred miles of
thread, containing about forty-two million
doublings The mind cannot grasp the