The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1877-05-24

size anu qually Of type may cause dts
ease Of tho eye" he replies; "As the
smaller an object IL, tho nearer it must
be brought 10 the eye to be viewed, the
greater the tension or demand on the To-
caliziDg power and the muscles which
are used to bring both eyes TO bear on
the objecllo be viewed. Long continued
use Of the eye upon objects brought close
to II Is one Of the most fe.Lile causes Of
near.sightedness. This may induce Ger.
tain morbid processes which will not
only seriously affect tho vision, but de-
stroy ii. On the other hand, too coarse
print Is wearisome to the eye, as 1t re.
quircs more exertlon Of the muscles to
view given amount Of matter. And
again, the normal eye should never be
subjected, for any length Of time, 10 the
use Of type smaller than One.sixteenth
Of an inch. Young children should never
be allowed to hold the page nearer than
ten inches from the eye, or adults farther
than eighteen inches. When perfectly
distinct vision from tlis distance is not
obtained, recourse shonld be had to spec.
tacles." DR.. Loring recommends wider
spaces between printed lines than is com.
monty given, which should be about one.
eight Of an iuch from the bottom Of one
line Of letIera to the top Of the other.
Nearer than this is apt to bc confus.
ing-further, iatiguing. lie further rec.
ommends short lines IA less iatiguing to
the eye in reading, and that the book OF
the future should have double columns
AN old Style on the page, where economy
ofsPace is desirable, OF type, he regards
the clear, heavy faced English type the
best and also English ink as vastly gu.
perior to American. Pure white paper
OF metallic luslre, with blush tinge, is
injurious. Asa rule, papers with light
yellow tint, known to the trade as "natu.
raj tint" il beat f)r the eye.
The third question, whether too long
and cOnstrainel attention Of the eye
upon one object will not cause disease"
he answers, acknowledgement the more
fixed the gaze, and the narrower the field
OF view, the greater the danger. No eyes
should be used more than an hour, ut
iurthcst, in reading and writing, and it
would be well, il several interruptions be
allowed in that time.
Tbs fourth question is directed to the
proper angle at which the light in read.
ing strikes the eye. The answer to this
iucludea the number Of square inches Of
glass which would be adapted to the size
and exposures OF room. IA rule, he
says, too much light cannot be obtained
in the school room, and all excess OF glare
can be guarded sgainst by artificial
shades. More light enters through the
same amount OF glass from the South
than from the North, and a Southern ex.
posure is more healthiul than Northern
in class-rooms, both rs regards the
amount Of light for vision and the puri.
Tying influences OF sunlight. The best
direction for light upon the printed page
is from the left side and littlO above the
level Of the head.
Among the results OF the important in.
vestigutions made by DR.. Colin in the
German schools, one fact is stated bear
ing strongly upon this point. He Or.
c. says that the narrower the street in
which the Fchool.house was built, and the
higher the surrounding buildings, the
greater the number Of near-sighted chill
dren Of those whose classes were in the
lower stories. The paper includes much
other important suggestion upon the by
giene OF vision, both in the means used
by the individual, and in the construc-
ton Of school.houses and other public
buildings.