The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-03-15

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were about TO discover, made by former
travellers to refer to.
"Once over" says Capt. SrEKE, az
looked down on tho stream with con-
siderable pride. About eighty yards
broad, it was sunk down considerable
depth below the surface of the land, like n
huge canal, and it Is so deep, it could not be
pOlcd by canocmcn, while It runs at
velocity Of three to four miles an hour"
Capt GRANT, writing recently on tho tribu-
tarics to Lake Victoria Nyanza, also gives
an account OF this interesting discovery"
Of SrANLEy's. ain appearance" he says,
at has slow. majestic, winding course,
which is navigablc for thirty or forty miles
from its mouth--vcssels drawing twenty-five
feet OF water. l believe could float at
the ferry whore we crossed" In
his "Walk Across Africa" no still
more fully describes this river, and
we therefore trust that Mr.. STANLEY
will not dwell Mt unnecessary length upon
his emotions as tho first discovcrcr of tho
real source OF the Nile As much the larg-
est river which flows into the Victoria Ny
ANA. it has a better claim to that title than
the Shimcczu or any other aiIlucnt.
But this energetic explorer is not contcntcd
with discovering q wcll-known river and
an equally wcll-known lake. he redscovers
novelties in region which he has
already thoroughly explored himself "At
the northern end OF Lake Tanganyika," we
are informed by tho telegram he found
spacious gulf, which will hcnccforward be
known to geographcrs rs Burton Gulf
after the celebrated geographer OF that
name" This discovery Is. we confess, the
most puzzling OF all. In 1871 Mr.. STANLEY,
in company with LIVINGSTONE, thoroughly
explored the northern end OF the lake, and
has given us most interesting and de-
tailed account OF It. In fact it is the best and
most important piece OF exploration he over
did in his life, for 10 set at rest forever
the theory advanced by BURTON, but always
resisted 10y SPEKE, that water communica-
ton could cXst between the Albert Nyanza
and Lake Tanganyika. In his book, GLOW
Found Livingstone" STANLEY says: 1--WE
found the northern end of the lake was in
denied with seven broad bays, each from
ono and a half 10 thrce miles broad" aud he
then gives an elaborate description OF each,
! the tracing of his route on the map showing
a careful survey OF tho coast line. Whether
he has called one Of these old bays Burton
gulf" by way of furnishing the Herald with
new discovery, or whether the London
correspondent in his ignorance has done so,
or whether he never really did survey the
northern end of Lake Tanganyika at all, as
represented in his book, remains TO be seem
As regards the other important discoveryof
n lake which he has called Alexandra lake,
which Is ." two days canoe sailing IN width,
and lies beyond tho mountains Of Ugufu,"
81. Ill
and i,s ~ '-'"'"rv only lacks one element,
which is that STANLEY has not VS.. - W.
Their, but only heard OF it from native report.
1t is very difficult to conceive how a large
lake can be squeezed in behind the noun
tains Of Usufu between the northern end
Of Tanganyika and the southern end Of Al
bert Nyanza especially when We consider
the lofty range which divides them, and
from which the waters drain north and
| south into tho two aforementioned lakes
still we do not assert that such cannot be
the case, but until 1t is verified by actual
observation, n native report Is not worth
tecgraphns rs a discovery; and even II II is
true, no great geographical problem is
solved by it.
The fact IT, the whole system o. the Nile
basin was thoroughly understood and
mapped out before Mr.. STANLEY went 20 Mri-
ca. The claim made Ia the London telc gram
that "hc proves that the Egyptian Nil' is the
issue of tn. united Blue aud White Nil.s,
the former flowing from the mountainous
region of Aly--inia, and the latter from the
equatorial lake system, Is perhaps tho ell
max Of his achievements as an explorer \
gentleman Of the name of BRUCE Is gene
orally supposed to have accomplished this
feat about l07 years ago. Since then many
other gentlemen, OF whom the HerdH corr
respondent seems never to have heard,
have travelled extensively in those
regions, and from time to time maps
have been published from which any
body might have seen, before STANLEY
commenced his explorations. that the White
Nile had it, origin in Lake Victoria Nyanza
and it, aillucnts; that it then drained into
Lake Albert Nyanza, which forms in fact
a huge baclwater, and thence flowed on
till it Joined tho Bluo Nile So far,
Mr.. STANLEY has thrown absolutely no
light upon the Milo problem, for the
simple reason, which he could not help that
the Nile problem was solved before he went
TO solve il; but he can fill in n great many
very interesting details, he can go on eX-
plprug new country, and, more important
than all he can trace tho Congo from
Ngnnwt t. its mouth. The Congo problem
Is tho only one remaining to be solved in
Africa, for though CAMERON may be said
virtually to have put the question beyond a
doubt, il still needs verifying. We believe
Mr.. STANLEY to bc hardy and intrepid eX
plorcr hut he will obtain far higher ropu'
tation boy actual achievements than by hav
; ing them invented for him.
One Way of Doing II.