Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1877-07-18
ARTISAN WELLS.

Artesan wells 50 called from the Latin
name "Artesia,' OF the French province Of
Artots, have been III operation since the
earliest days of historic times. Unmistak-
able traces of their ancient origin have been
found in China, in which country wells OF
great depth and age are still flowing with
water, oil and combustible gas; IN ASIA
Minor, in Persia, in Algeria, even IN the
great desert of Sahara, and IN many parts OF
Europe.
To understand clearly the principles of an
artesian well, it must be remembered that IN
addition to surface accommodations, large
bodies of water have been proved to exist IN
all parts of the globe III vast subterranean
reservoirs, confined in porus strata between
impervious walls of rock or clay above as well
as below. The water lies, as it were, at the
bottom of mammoth internal basin, INTO
which it has flowed on account OF the lncilna-
ton or dip of the sides. The ever increasing
concentration of weight induces suchan enor-
NOUS hydraulic pressuse that when vent Is
created, the water flows up to, and frequently
considerably above the surface. The natural
vents are such as geysers, or springs. The
artificial caused by perpendicular borlngs are
| known as artesian wells.
( In France we have that of Passy, in one Of
! the western suburbs of Paris which, with a
diameter of two feet four inches, penetrates
! to q depth of 1928 feet, and discharges
daily 5,665, 900 gallons of very pure water to
| heghth of "a feet above the surface. THIS
we'll occupied only eighteen months IN its
! construction.
! AT the famous well Of Grenelle nearly
| 9OO. 900 gallons of excellent water flows daily
! in a clear, continuous stream from well OF
1913 feet in depth The water rises 100
| feet above the surface and has pressure IN
! the pipes equivalent to rise of 80 feet.
In England these wells are also numerous
and annually increasing in number, playing
quite an important part in the water supply
of that island. In London two of the nine
great companies draw their supply only from
artesian wells, while nearly all derive por-
ton from the same source.
At Ehrenberg, twenty miles from Berlin, q
we'll was sunk for rock salt to a depth OF
4,194 feet, with a diameter beginning at 10
feet and running down to IL inches. 1t
passed through a solid bed Of salt OF 3,9O7
feet. At Sperenberg, III Prussia, there IS
well of $500 feet i'll depth.
Turning our attention to our own country,
we find numerous examples of a successful
application of the artesian system, from
| which only Few need be taken as illustra-
tons. In the city of Louisville there Is a
well of inches bore, 2,0S6 feet deep, flowing
at the rate of $50, 900 gallons day, with a
mechanical force equal to ten-horse power,
and rising by its own pressure 10 feet above
the surface The water is very clear, but
highly charged with mineral properties.
In our own State, and even in this city, ar
tesian wells, although comparatively OF sur
face depth only, have proved of great service.
AS reclaimers of desert lands these wells have
been invaluable.
As regards the inexhaustable nature of the
supply from this class of wells, it may be
stated, as an instance, that the we'll of the
Carth,,sian Convent of Lillers, in France, has
been flowing uninterruptedly for more than
six centuries and half r. Call