The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1877-03-01
YARN FROM SEED COTTON.

We give below the advantages OF the
Clement Attachment, as it is termed by
which seed cotton is ginned and spun in
the same operation. Col. F. E. Harri-3
son has thc machinery in successful ope-
ration at Andersonville, and we are in
debted to him for the following statement
Of its advantages:
By the e-"new process" Of converting
seed cotton directly into yarns, only four
machines are used, viz! the card, draw
ing frame, speeder, and spinning frame,
(such as are now in common use. The
card only is changed, and that slightly,
by substituting an Attachment for a
Lickerin, at cost of about $500.
The Attachment receives the seed cot
ton, gently removes the seed, combs out
the dust, trash, notes, &C., and delivers
the flaments untaugled and parallel to
the card; thus supcrceding the gin, press
and compress, (which are only intended
to render cotton trausportable,) the Will
lower, Lapper, Double Lapper, Breaker,
and four-6fths of tho cards, (which are
only used to try to remedy the injury
done by the gin, press and compress.) 1t
also saves or supercedes the Railway and
Railway Drawing Head, also all Jack
Frames, Slubbers, Mules, Twisters, Even
ers, &C., &c., together with all the build
ings, motive power and operatives, to
hold, drive and attend to such discarded
machinery. 1t saves one-half the usual
waste, and produces better and stronger
silvers, rovers and thread than can be
made by baled cotton, thereby enabling
operatives to attend more machinery, and
each machine to do more work, especial.
ly in the spinning and weave rooms. The
reason why the card will do four times
more by this process, using the same mo.
tive.power, is, the flaments are not per-
mitted to leave the machinery, fly, or be-
come tangled, but are kept straight, and
carding is but the strengthening Of the
cotton flaments. The extra strength of
the thread is owing to the working Of the
cotton fresh from the seed. the oil of
which has kept it alive, light, elastic and
flexible, with all its alternating qualities
perfect; and to the fact that it has never
been mapped, cut or tangled by the gin,
pressed, compressed, or permitted to be-
come dry, seasoned and brittle in this
tangled condition, nor has it been in
jured by the willower, lapper, double
lapper, breaker and cards, where the
damage done by the gin, press and COM
press are sought to be remedied.
This small attachment (only 36 inches
long by 18 inches square) supercedes the
above mentioned eight machines simply
because the FIRST three are intended to
render cotton transportable, and the last
FIVE are used to. remedy the damage done
by the three first. But these advantages
(great as they are) are not half that are
claimed for the "new process" The
ginning, seed, bagging and ties are saved.
Take bale of cotton on farm near
Anderson, and see the expenses, &C., in
sending it via Charleston to Boston, Mass.
Hauling to Anderson, sampling, weigh
ing, deduction IF two to four pounds from
weight, profits of purchaser, freight and
insurance to Charleston, drayage to cot
ton shed, storage, insurance, deep samp-
ling, commissions for selling, general
average account, brokerage for buying,
deep boring, second weighing, repairs,
drayage to compress, COMPRISING, dray.
age to steamer or depot, freight and in
surance to Boston. To these add waste,
drayage and stealage, all the expenses,
speculations and peculations of the
guerrillas of the South, and The great cot
ton rings of the North, and also the ex-
penses in our seaport towns (where it is
| re-compressed to be shipped to Europe),
the expenses and profits of the shipment,
and the expenses after its arrival there
until it is sold to the manufactures, who
buys only the net cotton mot the bagging
and ties) at his own price, for Liverpool,
| Manchester, Leeds" &C., &C., take the
surplus crop of the world, fix and control
the price not only there but in every cot.
ton mart.
Europe, China and India pay gold for
cotton and fabrics shipped from Fall
River, Mass., and other places. The
planter gets receipts from his merchant
for a years supply Of provisions, farm
tools, &c., and is fortunate if the receipt
is in full to date; the negro, for his share
over and above his scant food and clothes,
gets jews harps and ginger cakes. Who
gets the difference in exchange between
the Nations, the margin of IA per cent.
between gold and National bank notes?
1t probably is one Of the perquisites of
"middlemen," except in such instances
as "Fall River Manufacturing Co."
Now, if to all these you add the ex-
penscs, profits, &C., Of the manufactured
goods returned South, you will have some
idea of what "middlemen" receive, and
what the "new process" will save to our
impoverished but still beloved South
Land. For instances, take eight of the
above twenty-five enumerated items of
expense on cotton in transitu from the
field to New England, viz: ginning, s4,
bagging and ties $3.50; freight to Charles
ton, -; commissions, 81 25; brokerage,
75c'; storage, 5Oc.; COMPRISING, 75c.
freight to Boston, s6.25; total, s1S per
bale, which on 4,4OO, 900 bales amount to
a7S Gnn 000 The ;to,Y, of vooI 10 u.orfl