The New York herald., 1877-07-09
NORTHERN MEXICO.
The Territory That May Be Added
to Our National Domain.
SONORA, CHIHUAHUA And C0AHUILA.
Description Of the Border States Where
the Cattle Thief Blooms.
hUEVO Leon, TAMAULIPAS AND SINALOA'
Their Political Subdivisions and
Natural Features.
VOLCANIC DURANGO.
Richness Of the Soil in Minerals,
Gold, Silver and Iron.
nOEVO Leon, TAMAULIPAS AND SINALOk
Their Political Subdivisions and
Natural Features.
VOLCANIC DURANGO.
Richness Of the Soil in Minerals,
Gold, Silver and Iron.


notice region near the national boundary OF which
very little is known. Although tho States in question
in the aggregate an area Of half million
square miles the proportion OF population is very
small, and settlements are consequently but thnly
scattered tho great extent OF territory But the
beauty the country agricultural mineral pro-
ductveness and the fact that under present govern
ment is little better than refuge for tho cattle
Ihievss ana the uneasy spirits OF tho Mexican
Republic makes It desirable that either the United
States shall acquire and develop its natural wealth
that the Mexican government shall clear II OF Tho
brgands that nfest and reduce the country under
the control of the law In view Of tho possibility Of
the first stated that the United
States will the territory to the Union the fol-
lowing description OF the States likely to be trans.
errcd to the OF Uncle Sam will bc acceptable Il
based upon reliable statistics collected the City of
Mexico. Although portions of other States are in
cuded in the proposed to bo annexed the do
scription following gives fair idea Of tho whole
region stretching from the Pacific to the Atlantic
, Ocean,
lue STATE OF sonora mas an area OI lZ2 100 square
miles population of 100 1888 souls 1t is situated
between latitudes 20 deg min and 80 deg 80 min.
north, and longitudes l07 deg IS min ana ia deg
IS min. west.
The State s divided into eight districts as folows:-
Ures with population Of IS 1872; Hernosillo 10 2S2;
Guaymas Il 917; Moctezuma, 1896; Sahauripa, 1906;
Arispe, 6543; Altar, 46S, and Magdaena, 50SA The
eastern portion OF the State very mountainous as 1t
Is situated in the Sierra Madre which separates It
from Chihuahua. Tho branches and buttresses OF
this extensive mountain chain advance toward the
coasts, forming plains and ravines whose bottoms are
traversed by rivers which afterward water the level
lands that extend from the foot the mountains to
the sandy belts Of the coasts, which them
are lost The most elevated mountains are covered
with pines, cedars. oak, ash, hr, and many other
trees and plants which beautfy the ravnes the rest
Of the State in general being fertile and susceptible of
cultivation, particularly the river bottoms The princ-
pal chains of noun nains in the State following
La Pmeria, Arizona, Cananea, Guadalupe, Atunes
Batuco, Oposura, Sahaurpa Sierra Madre Tarahu-
mara. Alamos and Sierra Prieta The most con-
siderable rivers the State. according their geo.
graphical order, the Altar, with its an uent the
Nagdalena San Ignaco, and which loses itself lin
the arid lands before reaching the sea; the Sonora,
which waters the beautiful valey of Ures upon
whose banks found the towns OF Bacnachi
Arispe, Snoquipe, Banamchi Huepac, Aconchi,
Bavacora and Ures. Near Hermosilo the
Rver San Miguel de Horcasitas unites with
The Sonora and like the Altar loses itself in the
,andy coast lands The River San jose emptes itself
into the Bay of Guaymas The River Yaaui, the most
important one in the State, Is formed by the rivers
Dposura, Rio Grande or Bablspe, the Sahauripa and
Pasigochic. Tho towns Of the Yaqu are found along
its banks, the Inhabitants OF which belong one OF
tho interesting of Sonora These towns are
Rahun, Bican, Potam, Huirivis Belen, Cocr, TORN
Ind Bacum. Tho River Mayo stream
Of not less importance than the pre-
vlous ono, rises the Sierre Madre. and
waters the LANDS belonging to tho towns OF
the Mayo Indians the names Of which places
are:-Macoyaqui. Couicari, Camoa, Tecia, Navajoa,
Curimpo, Guilajoa, Echajoa, Santa Cruz and Masaca
These Indians and those already named the prnci
pal aPrcuturists OF the State The river Alamo forms
the old dividing line with Sinaloa- The enjoys
threo distinct clima tes-he cold OF the Sierra Madre
The temperate, along the mountain slopes. and the
warm but healthy, along the coasts and them.
Ures the capital of the State aud Of the bishopric OF
souora, having population Of S,000 Is situated in
20 deg. 20 min. north latitude Ito deg. 19 min west
longitude The porIs are Guaymas for foreign trade
and Libertad for coasting vessels The principal In
dian tribes who inhabt the rich districts OF Sonora
are tho 0patas, Pinas. Pspagos, Yaqus aud Mayos;
lhose who arc still IN savage condition being the
Apaches and the Sers. The State is bounded on the
north by Arizona Territory on the east by Chihuahua
the south by Sinaloa and the by the Gulf OF Cali
fornIa
CHIHUAHUA
Chihuahua possesses a territory OF 130, ITO square
miles and population OF $685. II situated between
north lRtitudcs 20 deg min. and III deg Al min,
between l03 1eg min and lis deg. IL min. west lon
gude east from Greenwich. II Is bounded the north
by Now Mexico and Texas, tho by Coahuia on
tho south by Durango and west by Sonora II is
divided into eighteen cantons DISTRICTS whose names
and population are:-Iturbide, $4,000; Aldama,
L022; Abasoia IL, 3,776 Victoria, s4OS Rosales 440s;
heoquL 1880; Morelos, 1850; Brsvos 9,os6; HI.
talgo, 1885, Allcnde, loo, 772; Csmargo 1437s Bal
Ierza, $500; Jimencz, 45o2; Guerrero 1,25S; Gale
ana, 4225; Rsyou, 6,s41; Matauoros 65I7; Arteaga
1891. The great OF the Sierra Madre which Is
known In this region BY the OF the rarahumara
divides the State OF Sonora and tho vast plains
wnich extend 10 its eastern spur to elevation
VI from 1000 to 4. 100 feet The steep mountains
which form the Sierra Madre give that portion o.
Inc State which is occupied by them an ex-
ccedngiy bleak appearance, and also the eastern
region vast plans found that form part OF the
lone and arid desert known the Bolsan de Mapim
which only traverscd by such savage tribes the
Comanches and the Apachcs. The principal noun
sains arc those of Carcay, Jesus Maria Tabacotes
the Nido, Batopilas Uriquc, Guazapares, Guadaoupe
y Calvo, which form the branches and onshoots OF |
the Sierra Madro. Other mountains raise |
themselves In the midst OF the plains, such those
known the Campana nj Ndo, I'll Chcaotc, Mestenas
Amagres, and others which scattered upon tho |
plain Of the Boson de Mapim To the south ward from
Paso del Norte the plains OF Zomalayacan cover a |
largo strip Of territory The Conchos RIVER which
tho largest In the STATE rises In the Sierra Madre and
empties itself the Bravo (Rio erande) at Preside
del Nortc, uniting in its with the rivers
Chihuahua, Satevo and Fordo. The other
principal rivors are the Cass Grande, Santa