, 1877-09-25
CHEAP IRON.
In the Hooking Valley Ohio.
extraordinary Facilities for Making
Cheap Iron.
fail, ORE. I,mestont, and firt.C1ay Underlying
Ono Anothcr.-Csst Fer Ton Only sl2.
C,ftflanb Hrrdld. lstpf. ~.

,onyIIle and Slra!tayiIle, In locking anu fcFfy
Cr,,ntlcs. The clnsa Journals have been fur
..,,hcl With technical descriptions Of the region,
.n1 not few bright Iron experts have given to
,hs n,,bltc, through typo and paper, tle1t views
.,rrcrnjp9 what Is regarded w snrsio as tho
mod remarkable Iron region in tho country. In
.hort, tho cattns for tho mineral wealth Of tho
d,*trlct have bccn 50 great Of late as to ue oH"
,o,,,,lLup TO men elsewhere who arc practfccd in
tts production OF Iron, anil somewhat puzzlIng
w. ~ .ricntists who supposed they had seen al-
:" .a,st everything In tho way Of g,oupcd nat
rrol fnc;llttcs for the production OF Iron from
tbo cr,lds material.
m ret nil the "truc tnwnrdncssh Of this
.A;np. a, well as to give Herald readers reliable
Information upon the subject, representative
~ this paper was dispatched TO cxpluFs tic
qsrio,,. - io lii obtained Information as follows:
GENERAL FEATURES.
T,c district In question ID ten niles long by
AZ miles broad, lying in It's longest course from
northwest to southeast, while the mineral In tic
nIs tas Tip Of twcnly-ct9bs feet to the mile
award tho eo.,t}cnst. The Formation, sa4HouA
sl the strat1ileasion a,,noss identical n al inc
tbirSncss and nature .anl found OIL the
.a'nn a., horizon, asUo froin Tho difference
maJc hy tho dip and by changes cllcctcI
0y different eraf'es o. exposure. pFe1su
III III whlyh comes up iron, tie lrunton region Of
thc OHIO Waller. aud here breaks oil because
tic ycns In their position on the incline forming
torsiiaustcd. All The mineral lies tll!ckest At
thit Termination, ns for instance, The coal known
NJ lhc Zig Vein IL twclre fcct tb[ck at tho Fat
tcrsoa ming Mt straitsy!llc, on The northwestern
sytfctnjIy It "pctcrs" down to ak aud eight
fect' What wa once tfglI, Level country has
ccn cut Up Into hills, the eroslons OF time and
The elements making !allcys aud rayince, which
arc Washed out 10 tho depth Of NO leet atld
more from the original aurface.
4 rlcarly detlnrd geology Of the country Inns
not vet bcen given. At lcnst explorers atiA c'l-
eintcrs wl,o ars daily Investigating y DO not IN:
elasslhca.ipns g'ycn to il. Tie following sec-
lion, furnished by slr. A. D. Huston, Of Logan,
i most likely as ficar correct 10 any 50 fur 70.
cortlcd. 1t represents the geology o. scyoIai ol
the he cst hills near tic cCntro OF tho district,
md il, therefore, a fu!r average of the whole,
e1cept that III the northwtst the top vcins hero
noted do not exist, and Ii The southeast tho bot
toni rc'ns havo not been fully explored, as thay
sfe run ont y tue ,st instance " sc ap aa
10 reached by sllaftIng. The elevations orc
tskrn from tho htg coal vein, md tho spaces not
classified are sandstone, shalcs and clny:
CHARACTER OF THE DEPOSITS.
a05 feet from, top 10 bottum OF fayino-Top Of
biI. with b|orsom Of orc; Ell teot coal; hro'e1ay;
S7 Ssf eetDs foos Cambridge limc fosslllscrous);
soo iect-pea Of orc not fully developed; 'pItnt
i5s icat-4 feut Shawnee orc; !nloryal; fcot
H feet-I!i feet l'ailey I.un eoal tcokcable);
f. ncsss 9y.rK sn aa IT, teo light
10 icet@o feot vein Of orc not tsaccanle in alt
localities, known - Irwin vein; interyal' 10
'sts 20 icstIa fcet limestone; sand-rpck; 10 feet
Great coal vein; ) feet .c.elay;
7tcet-1A fnehes kidney ott, light ahAlc.
q tect4 feet q ote Of which httlo is known;
80 feet-e feet 'Dcard" orc; C!atks bonantA
d fsst-1o inehc, lower Limestone or, white
fands,ope. superior for glass. 10 feet above bod
Of Monday Greek.
Il viii be- seen from tne foregoing that there
arc - feet Of orc, SO feet of lime, and 1913
feet Of coal in these hills. The richness Of the
ores hns not beon fully shown, though an anal.
ys's q tho laird vci,s calls Tor 4o PIT cent of
metallic Iron, and Of sotno. Of tho others from
40 10 10 per cent, which, Of course, will not hold
EUo,l in tho furnace. About thirty fect under
Tho Baird seain vein is found which atalyzcs
~ per coat oflron. --..
0rc-ltggtng at I,csscmcr Is done the same ~
at the Baird opcninE and at Ogden, by strip
ping along the benches and removing toVcry-
thing 10 tho lutt0ui of the. vein. Eventually
drifting will bo practIecl, Wlero stripping bo-
conice too heavy. tbs drifting SO far auno has
rs etoptllg cao b1 suspenlttl.
From aoNe analyses gathered by Mr.. Pcch!n,
lao VI tho Dunbar, Pn., furnace, u nppcars tlat
The laird ORC calett,ctl sllown 1880 per cent no-
tees, aud Still others a triAo moro. II these per
ecnts can be relied OIL In pract[re there Is no
rt1son to feur poor results Tor wsHt'ot richness
u tho orc. Ores arc not unfro9uently worked
Which arc not ubovo ~ per cont In metallic iron.
!lleed, 1t has bocn no uncommon thing to ship
40 pr cent ores from tho Lnke Superior coun-
~ 70 furnaces tn Ohio and rcnns7lVanta, and II
TUG Hooking Valley region can guarantee 10 per
TIC furnare tnan would be- very unreasonable
who would expect anything better.
1.-The articie next describe tlcarly dozen fur
naecs recently erected or In process Of coussruc-
=. AnovT 1nn COST or IRON.
After passing ovcr. q consideration OF tho
progress OF furnact-hulld1ng md tho mlllc de-
fclopments which l,ayo been 50 lately naado In
thls district, the practical ttnn will want 10
know whether tho statement. 20 often restcr-
ated eonccrnsug thu low coat Of piglrun arc cor
give the evidence:
rehslvu one 80 far operateti and, 10 long ~
present coHlietions c1ist IL likely to be, YET l.u
tlocs not Claim beyond $lb per ton Is tho cost OF
sls tsot,, iatd down on thc railway siding. Itc
happasy pay'ng VIZ per son for mining ore, and hts
ar: :; u. Baird, his son, prorosus to make
lng cost: ~ WV 1"'''"-
Tafco TONS Of orc At t$l..,,..,s, 81. -, m
9A.ee tons ot coal st 10 censs. M
t,Ho ton Of lin1estone -, =, . ~
Aapo1' 'h'eFeat' repairs, ste..t...,.,.,,,,, B.0G
lotAt .''s.'s. $40. III
The faonto furnace gives tho cost Of IL irnn
Us foliuwA; ~ 'Sa 'o''
Three !ous coal at n cents e.a6
Three Ions urs At a...............,...'s Il Il,
!fhrec'foarths ton lux At W cent? :, .. ~ Hn
Laaos l0seEcst, repairs, etc..........,,. -. a. hi
!oLal '...+'. ..'...... .."...........s1n,A al
Mr.. pcachln thinks the following vill be ahont
tho right t1lfngE
Thtes ton. Of orc a s9;....:...... .....,,.s LOO
Three tons OF coal &t 73 cents. ..,,...,.,,. ut
Three t0ntths ton Of ilu,cst0no a. 81, ,n0,., nj
Labor and ilcidcntals. s.......,..,........,., All
-. aoAi .'''''..'+''.'"..'''..t.. ..t tl., O.
Tho Xxx furnace cllarces ia plg.ison with .
eost Of Sll:0 per tnu. uiNl tho Thomas Itut
Company, el4...5. Tho practical tnan usks hcrr
Why tlleso variations III the aguretf They arlst
tron, tie fact that Mr. +. Il. Hard figures Ii.
york down 10 what II cau te done for--as viii