River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1877-03-22

labor performed IN raising tho crop. some
lease the land OF the former owners. bat the
old state OF things is "dun clar' gone.n This
trade aud traffic, it may he fairly expected, in
few years largely increase the wealth and
intelligence OF the race in these localities.
THE SEA ISLAND corrox
brings treble the price OF inland. An acre
will produce in the neighborhood OF three
hundred and fifty pounds OF seed cotton. which
when ginned weighs about seventy-fve
pounds, or one to five. The negroes withou.
doubt will eventually grow all the cotton, al
not enc in five OF the Northern men have thus
tar succeeded in their attempts. Let the read.
er remember that we have not looked at q
single piece OF machinery yet, and then cal
culate the number OF people and the amount
of wealth, these works employ and produce,
before we reach the factory. The sail the mine,
commerce and manufactures, all find employ
ment 20 supply The Clark Thread
Company's works, and when they
stop, the cotton may bloom and
fall unplucked, the coal miner may starve on
bed OF black diamonds, the sails on the
rivers be spread to the breeze no more, and
the lathes in hundred shops be lett TO rust
in silence. The manufacture OF Clark's 20.
n. T." Spool Cotton embraces the islands OF
the sea and penetrates the bowels OF the earth.
utilizing the treasures OF wealth on every
hand, enriching and blessing mankind at
every step, from the womb OF ages to the
spindles OF Newark. We will now examine
into the immediate sources OF the power
which drives the endless machinery OF this
vast hive OF industry, with its sixty miles of
betting and about seventy miles OF steam pipe
Tor heating purposes.
WE ENTEI THE ENGINE HOUSE,
itself large enough for an ordinary factory.
Here is igLty production Of human brain
and Drawn. In the presence of this monster,
with its majestic tread, one feels his own in
significance and frailty. This vast piece OF
machinery, moving silently, save the sharp
click OF the improved steam cut-offs, is equal
in power TO the combined draft of six hundred
horses, and is two engines in one, usually term
ed a double engine. The fly-wheel, travelling
at the rate OF torty-eight revolutions per min
ute and carrying three huge belts on its
surface, each one two feet wide, is seventy
eight feet in circumference, twenty-five feet
in diameter and weighs thirty tons or sixty
thousand pounds. The shaft is fourteen
inches in thickness, the double cylinders are
twenty-six inches in diameter, with con-
dessers, and a stroke of five feet. They were
built by Corliss, in 1874. One OF the three
fifty feet in length. But even this double
monster could not run the works. II has a
big twin brother, and together they travel
every day for ten hours on their endless
journey, and never get tired. They are
wonders ofpower and elegant workmanship.
worthy OF a visit from any one who wants 10
see the
BIGGEST PAIR OF TWINS
in New Jersey. They are supplied with steam
from nine immense tubular boilers and four
large upright boilers, Corliss' plan. They
consume twenty-five tons of coal per day,
which will give some idea of the amount OF
steam necessary to drive the immense estab-
lishment. Besides these there are three or
binary sized engines, made by Watts, Camp
bell, & Co., OF Newark in different parts ofthe
works, making seven in all, grand total OF
nearly fourteen hundred horse power. The
young mountain OF coal, which looks enough
to last the whole city year, is rebuilt by
two hundred and fifty ton boat loads, at briei
intervals.
MANUFACTURING THE THREAD.
The cotton is brought in bales to the mixing
rooms, when it is examined and placed III
bins, according to the different grades, ready
for the scutching machines, which open and
heat the material, cleaning it from the dirt
and sand it contains in the bale. After going
in the shape of roll, like wall paper, COM
paratively soft, white and clean. 1t is, how
ever, really in very rough state, compared
with the fineness and perfection that is to be
reached. Several of these scutching machines
are running continually, and their sound is
like the roar of a lightning express train, as it
whirls past the platform where you stand.
The first scutoher is ted with the bale cotton
from a hopper which let's it through into
knives set IN large rollers, which revolve
with tremendous force, and lightning speed
picking the cotton into small pieces and pass
ing it by suction Of air, on TO other rollers,
between which L. goes and comes cut in the
shape of web or slap" in large rolls. -Four
OF these rolls are then placed upon machine
like the first and run together through the
same process OF
PICKING AND BEATING AND CLEANING,
when il comes out again in the same shape as
before, rolled to exactly the thickness which
it is desired to make the "sliver" from which
the thread yarn is to be spun. What a
sssliver'' is will be learned further on. The
machine is so delicately set that it regulates
the thickness OF the web or lap to within hall
an ounce, in q web OF five feet, weighing only
twelve to eighteen ounces. After being put
through three scutching machines in this
way and coming out with eight thicknesses OF
web or lap similar to that produced by the
first process, il is ready for the carding ma
chimes. This Department is filed with card
ing Machines, Drawing Frames, Lappers, and
CJmbing Machines, perfect labyrinth OF
betting, pulleys and machinery, the noise OF
which is like the roar otmapy waters mingled
with the CHATTER OF thousand wheels. One
OF the large rolls of webb or lap that came from
the last scutching machine is placed on
carding machine, which takes ana runs it
BETWEEN THE TEETH
of a large and small cylinder for the purpose
of drawing out the entaDgled hbers and laying
them parallel or in the same line OF direction
and also to remove the small pelllcles or
notes which may have escaped the action OF
the scutching machine. After being treated
in this way, a comber or dOffer takes the web
from the small cylinder, which is now dell
cate gauze; and it is gathered up and passed
through a small hole, say halt an inch in size,
alter which j. is coiled in arevolviDg can. The
whole process is one of wonderful delcacy,
the material being so finely worked that a
breath @. air would break it. This card con-
tains ninety thousand square teeth to loot,
or a tC lal OF four million one hundred ana
eighty-six thousand. On the cardlng machine
is \ little Joker that works like some cid man,
raisingxt6e wire-covered flats from the teeth
of the carder, which it cleans, and throws OH
the PARTICLES of dirt and coarse cotton LETT on
them. Six OF the
TIN CANS CALLED CARD sLIvERs.
in which the roll is wound are now taken to
another machine called a Drawing Frame and
rnn together into one "sliver." These six
are so light that when they are passed to-
gether through hole and made one, they fall
INTO another silver and are then 10 larger
than one OF the six from which it was made,
although they have not yet been twisted at
all Fourteen OF these cans full OF slivers are
placed ut the "Lapper" and run between two
rollers. making new web nine inches wide
and halt an inch thick, which comes out ike
tie original roll from the scutching machine
that takes the cotton from the bales, only Il at
now it is soft and delicate as is possible 70
conceive; weighing only one hundred ana
iorty-five grains to the yard, nine inches
wide. It now goes in rolls to wonderful
little machine, French invention, first intro,
duced in this country by The Clark Thread
Company. 1t is a refined cardins machine,
the product OF which is as much superior in
fneness to the large carders just described as
the most elegant silk goods are to
THE coARsEsT COTTON CLOTH.
It is called the French combing machine and
il only used by the best thread makers as II
is very expensive and while It makes the