Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1877-05-31

slight cultivation, because newly
cleared land produces but little grass.
A cropSof cassaya is planted for the
second year, by the end Of which the
grass takes full possession of the
farm, and it is abandoned for new
ground. In 8 or 4 years the bushes
grow again and destroy the grass,
and then the whole process is repeat
ed. The American enigrants follow
to great extent the native hoGe Of
cultivation. They have added large
ly to the list Of agricultural products,
and among other plants have intro.
duced the sugar cane, which is well
adapted to the soil and climate. There
are several sugar mills in the country,
and in 1856 one farmer planted 100
acres in cane. In May, 1860, a Car.
go of sugar was semitic New York.
Sugar making is the only manufacture
yet prosecuted.
The commerce of the republic is
confined to trade with the natives
for palm oil, rice, camwood, skins,
and a few other articles, which are
sold to English and American vessels,
orshipped to the United States. The
quantity Of palm oil exF orted in 1859
is estimated to have been worth up;
Ward of $5Oo,000.
There are several schools in Liberia
supported by the government, and
there is an excellent academy in Mon
rovia maintained by voluntary con-
tributions. A college has lately been
established, of which the president is
Joseph j. Roberts, an ex-president Of
the repablic. Two newspapers are
published weekly in Monrovia, one of
which has existed upward of 20 years.
The principal sects in the republic
are the Methodist, Baptist, Presbyte
rian, and Episcopal. The Methodists
have 25 preachers and over 1890
church members, many Of whom are
natives. The Baptists have 70 mis-
sionaries and teachers, and about
1000 members. The Episcopal church
has bishop, 4 white missionaries
and s colored, 8 of whom are natives !;
80 teachers, IL of whom are natives /;
and $50 communicates, more than
half of whom are natives. The Pres
byteriau church has 2 white missiona-
ries and 4 colored,- - teachers, and
communicates.
The constitution Of the republic of
Liberia provides for the maintenance
Of the following fundamental princi-
pies: All men are born equally free
in the right Of enjoying and defend
ing life, liberty. and the pursuit of
happiness. All power of government
is inherent in the people. Slavery
shall not exist in the republic, or be
countenanced by any Of its citizens.
All elections shall be by ballot, and
every male citizen possessing real
estate shall have the right of suffrage.
None but persons of color shall be
admitted to citizenship. The law ex-
Guiding white persons from the right
of citizenship is intended to be of but
temporary duration. The legislative
body is styled "the legislature of
Liberia, and is composed of two
branches, senate and house of
representatives. Each county is en-
titled to two senators, who are elect
ed for term of 4 years. Represen-
tatives are elected biennially, every
county being entitled to one repre-
sentative and an additional one for
every 10000 inhabitants. The presi-
dent is elected by the people for
term of two years With the consent
Of the senate he appoints the secreta-
rles Of war, the navy, treasury, and
state, the postmaster-general, the
judges, and many other officers civil
and military. The judicial power is
vested in supreme court and several
subordinate courts.