The New Orleans daily Democrat. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1877-1880, 1877-12-13


refined sugar-that is some two pounds
fotlr-fifths weight Of the. finest refined sugar
from every. t0G pounds Of the beet roots has
been considered o fair result. The pulp from
which the juice is extracted and the other
residue of the manufacture being used for
feeding cattle, constitute an important item
IN this business; indeed, a notable feature pf
the manufacture Of great practical account in
considering the commercial and economical
bearings Of the subject ID that 1t IL directly
linked with the ordinary interests OF htls-
!, baudry-that 1t operates upon d known root
cultivated as food for animals, and that the
| farmer whether he raises the root for feed
ing cattle or for sale to the sugar maker. Is
cultivating green crop, which, even In his
ordinary rotation OF crops, he would expect
| to raise ON o part OF his farm
In the entire process adopted by the Frenchs
the roots. after being eleansed. by washing
and scraping,. were rasped and reduced to
pulp bya rasping machine, and, when ground,
the pulp was powerfully squeezed by o press,
in canvas bags, TO ezpel the juice, this being
received In % copper, the, beet juice being
Fahrenheit, and lime water then added and
then stirred up with it. Having been mixed
with animal charcoal, 1t was made to boil, BY
| which both q scum and o sediment were sep
arated from 1t. The clear liquid was now
drawn off, and evaporated in shallow vessels.
| this process being continued until the Juice
formed thick syrup, which, after thorough
straining in linen bags, was sgain boiled and
/ skimInBt HHd transferred To- gUUifsrj there
to remain for u short time; finally being re-
moved 10 sugar noulds and treated pretty
much in the Same way as the sugar cane juice.
There is no question that the result Of this
process was O superior article Of sugar but
it had it's disadvantages bn the score Of time,
economy and net yield. Various improves
ments, therefore, have from time to tims
| been brought forward In the method OF treat-
ment and manufacture, the conclusion now
generally accepted being that, whatever the
| details or name of the procedure adopted, 1t
ID Indispensable to admit only the juice OBJ
other words, the liquor from the rasps and
presses, and avoid the products of boiling the
beet root, consequently leaving nc, pulp
| In the juice, to employ for dsfeeationa dose of
lime, SO as to saturate the juice, to keep the
defeated alkaline juice ut O boil until the
ammonia is completely expeled-the iniec-
tion of steam, or OF earbOnic acid, or meehaft#
ical agitation promoting this object; not to
to employ animal charcoal well burnt, well
washed. and free from caustic lime. from sui
phides. and from chloride OF calcium; to
avoid every stoppage, and even slowness tn
the operations; and finally, in combination
with these various requirements, to evaporata
as rapidly as practicable at the lowest possi-
bic temperature.
| Amongst the many varieties Of the beet
adapted to this purpose the following are
enumerated, by those who have investigated
the matter, as possessing q manufacturing
value, namely; Ths long red mangel-wurzel,
the imperial, the Madgeburg and the white
sugar or white Sllesian, the white or sweet
turnip variety being the most desirable for
general cultivation, and comprising two
kinds viz: the white beet root with d rosy
collar, which contains the largest amount of
sugar, and the Silesian, also white beet
root, with o green collar, the roots OF this
variety growing almost entirely below the
compact and firm texture, resisting both
frosts and spontaneous alterations better
than any other variety, and, ON this account
used very extensively.
lafI
matter by the growers and manufacturers,
Is, that, for sugar-making, the kind OF beet
that can be cultivated with the most advan-
tage T. that which 1 is richest In sugar s,,l @ ard
salts the essential or distinguishing charac-
teristies Of such sort being as follows: Its
roots must have neither the form OF carrot,
nor of q tuber, but be shaped more like
Bartlett pear-that is, It must be long and
slender, gradually tapering. and free
from large lateral roots; It must not grow
! above the surface Of the soil; II must have a
smooth white skin, and the flesh be white
and hard; it's size must not be too large, and
its weight not exceeding five to eight pounds.
The white Silesian beet, which is the one In
general cultivation for manufacturers, unites
most Of these qualities, and, OF other kinds,
those are most preferred whose foliage Is not
upright, but broad, spreading and lying upon
the surface Of the ground. The roots OF beets
possessing this popularity are known to grow
entirely beneath the surface. The constitu-
ents of such q beet are found to be as follows:
Water, So. s per cent; sugar in solution, 1o.5;
cellulose and peetose, 81 aibumen. caseine
pectine, fatty and aromatic and coIoring mat
ters, phosphate Of lime, phosphate OF magne~
sia, silicate, nitrate, sulphate, and oxalate Of
potash, etc, 81.
, that is mellow, warm and fertile, free from
saline and alkaline elements, not SOUR, and ct
q nature little liable to suffer from drouth,
easy to work late In autumn and early In
spring, with q comparatively permeabIe sub
soil penetrable by the tap root Of the vege-
table, also that affords natural drainage, 50
that 1t may be worked soon after rains, is
suitable for beet crop. All grain fields, too,
but especially those having depth Of twelve
or fifteen inches of rich vegetable mould,
Fine, sandy alluvial bottom lands, oyerfowed
In the winter or early spring, are also found
and such lands need, of course no artificial
manure, as they are enriched by the inunda~
tions.
In sowing in drills the French method Ii
J to plant the drills about sixty-fve or seventy
! five centirnetres apart, by means OF a wheel
: barrow, drill or horse machine which faciii-
: : tates the subsequent operations OF hoeing
and digging. The hoeing Is very essential
for II the weeds are not torn out In time the
tender beet will soon be overgrown anX
killed. Digging must be done also .wfthoNt
delay, although the operation is 5eldon1%so
, urgent as that Of hoeing. After hoeingg all
, the places where the seed has failed tystakc
root are carefully replanted. For this pur-
pose, the plants thinned out from tho places
:, where the lines were too close are made use
Of. The cultivation I'm hills, however, has
: considerably superseded the drill system, as
: much more abundant crops can IN this way
usually be obtained, and, though the method
by hills requires much more care and labor
than the other, the roots produced are much
more dense and rich In sugar. The French
: practice is to make the hills about fifteen CEN
timetres high and eighty csntimetres from the
! top Of one TO the top of the other.
E New American Sewing Machine 1s5 Canal
street.
= We have been fayorsd With n catalogue Of the