Bismarck tri-weekly tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, D.T. [N.D.]) 1875-1881, 1877-06-08
Tree Culture.

lAAAo al tASAS W COIICCL dIl III pIS SSSlOu WAASA
may obtain from the following paragraph
in your correspondents article on ssIree
Culture y - Ssts2:.s> -
After stating ssthe chief featm es Of Col.
Thompson's method" she says:
The object in thus decapitating the.
tree, am told, is that the sap may be
directed downward to the root, and the
entire forces Of the tree employed in
| strengthening and developing this UNDER
ground foundation to the leafy edifce
| that viii build: itself upon the summit
when the lower portion is perfected" ."
Nov, j desire to shxvesi understood
that no such impression has ever bssn
| ente-tained BY me.
I will state Is briefly 'as1 can Whist
| do think about sshee culture" In Dakosas
Ibeieve that most Of the indigenous
trees and shrubs Of the great Northwest
|and.al Of the ercotics usually. grown iA'
the Northern States 1nay be gfoWn htze,,'
either by transplanting or from the seed,
with complete success.
Trees are either eDeI9 9yeeSor de6dsG
The former, as a general thing, never
force buds and must, therefore, be tr1ns-
lplanted with all their limbs and buds re-
naming. To compensate for this, the
tree must be taken up with all itsmots
entire, and hansplanted before thsruots
lget dry. In order to effect this, nursery
men who understand their business,
transplant their evergreens when one
year old and every year or two until they
are put in market for permanent location.
By means OF these successive transp1ant-
ings IN very mellow ground, the roofs are
all taken up and keep the tree growing
slowly each year without lengthening the
old roots much, but enabling them to In
crease vastly in number after each trans
planting; SO that when the tree Is sold
and hanspianted for the last time it has
from hundred to a thousand fine unmu-
tilated roots with as many healthy mouths
at the extremity Of each, to gather from
the earth all the food Necessary for the
entire trees nourishment and growth.
Not SO with the tree that has been per-
mitted to grow wild without transplant
ing. The roots, few in number, grow
straight ahead, branching off into various
mouths at distance from the tree too
great to be taken up unless at vast ex-'
pense and are therefore cut off leaving
the tree comparatively mouthless with
an immense body to sustain. It's efforts
are ruitless, life fingers, the tree dies,
the people marvel and become satisfed
that evergreens are failure here. 70 u
Wild evergreens, unless very young,
rarely survive transplanting; well cared.
for. Nursery trees rarely die, = SD #&i
Trees not evergreen or deciduous may
be divided into hard wood and soft wood,
and again into those having powerful
tap root sending their roots deep into the
earth for substance and support and
those whose roots barely penetrate and
skimm along the surface. Some trees
have wonderful power and aptness to
force buds, that is, to originate Or deyel-
ope latent buds and send out branches
from the bark Of the tree where no buds
appear; others have not this faculty to
any considerable extent.
DMost soft wooded trees force buds with
great faculty; hence cottonwood, soft
for transplanting. They force roots With
the same facility they force buds and are
almost certain to live when transplanted
at any age or size under suitable and
reasonable conditions. ~
| The ground must contain the iagre-
dients found in their ashes when burned
and must contain sufficient amount ot
water to hold them in constant solution.
In upland prairie countries this is attain
ed best by plowing and cultivation.
The hole should be dug deep and broad
to place the earth originally on top IN the
bottom before the tree is planted. Tht
tree should be taken up with. the main
roots cut off as far at least as one foo
from the stalk, with as many small fb'
rous roots as possible within that space
all of which should be kept moist until
planted. Cottonwoods and box elders
should have the tops and limbs neqt ielJ
cut of, leaving the stalk Of proportion
ate or desired height and relying entirely
on its forcing its own buds. 1tshould be
then planted few inches deeper in the
earth than where it was grown, carefully
sitting in among its separated and dis
rended roots finely pulverized moist cart
filing up the hole above the REQ tt bn
not quite to the top; pack the earth tight
enough to hold the tree reasonably firm
and provide the means by small bitches
or otherwise for filing this hole with wa
ter when the next: rain come$. Wher
Ithe rain does come the entire hole viii
the dirt in it Will become filled and satu
rdtco WIFI Ce1SOOSSk=ao 81 W LUZ noA
moisture for long time and until anothe1
rain comes. AS the .earthin the holes
ties down fill in the earth aboye, and be
fore the hot dry weather sets in mulch i
iberally to keep the grounds cool; ant
moist. ..z.. - 80 = = =
The sap contained in the body ofa uet
never goes down to the roots, but always
goes up, or out when it eliminates il
buds and leaves.
| The sap of tree contains most of thu
material of which its future growthii i
composed. It is taken up by the numer
Gus mouths at the ends of the fine roots
passes into the stalk or trunk, thence up
ward through the interior woody fibre t.