The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1877-06-23

| tives succeed In obtaining the long staple,
they will shake the Manchester monopoly Of
| fine tissues.
The rapid development Of Indian re-
sources is even more impressive in other
directions. Thirty years ago, the culture
Of the cinchona or quinquina was but
n dream carcsscd by few scientists,
whereas last year, thanks mainly to the
efforts Of Mr.. CLEMENTS MARKHAM. mil
lions of cinchonas wcrc reared in the Sikkim
and Ncilghcrrics districts. Again. in 1850.
the Fast India Company tried to- Introduce
the tea plant in certain parts Of the country.
Ton years later the exports Of native teas
amounted only to a million and half OF
pounds, while at the present time India
sends out annually about forty million
pounds, or almost 10 much as China. All
this tea, az is well known, comes from the
province Of Assam, ard for that reason it
may be said that the industry has but be-
gun, since the soil and climate of western
Dooar are known TO he prominently suited
to that culture.
Much the same thing may be said Of East
India jutc, the wcavabc material derived
from certain maccratcd bark. Twenty
years ago only eighteen tons were exported,
hut. next 10 rice. it is to-day the principal
product Of Bengal. The exports uf this
staple, exclusive Of manufactured articles,
rose in 1876 to seven millions of quirtals,
valued at twcuty-four million dollars. Jutc,
in short, IL to Bengal what cotton Is to
bombay Mills intended for the spinning
and weaving of this substance are rising on
all eidcs in the cnvrOns OF Calcutta, while
the factories of Barahagorc and Scrampore
are already employing thousands of native
operatives at wages well nigh quadruplc
what they could gain 10y tilling the ground.
We may likewise mention. before passing to
another cla-s Of products. that in the Ben
gal Presidency and throughout northern
India the Government has lately given
much attention to the growing Of the
species of silk known under the name of
russore. II appears from the reports which
have been printed that this industry is
likely to hc prosecuted with success and
that much Of the ground which ha, been
abandoned as unfit for rice plantations Is
we'll adapted to the mulberry tree.
OF all the products Of India none has
called forth so many reports Us tobacco,
and it is certainly surprising that in II
country where the cultivation of the plant Is
so common-everv peasant raising it in his
i.ardcn--to has not yet figured among
the foremost articles of export. Those who
have studied the subject concur In Iraising
the aroma of the Indian leaf, and in con-
dcmniug the native mode Of preparation.
Nevertheless, n HindOo cultivation Of Rung-
uorc carried or the grand medal at the
Paris Exposition of 1867. and on the same
occasion tho tobacco exhibited by the
Maharaiah Of Burdwan was compared to
the finest samples of the Havana variety.
The chcroots of Gowhatty are pronounced
by experts not inferior to the best Manila
cigars, and very lately the faster selected
by the Madras Government came to "a like
conclusion regarding the tobacco Of Tray
ancore. On the whole. however, il is Brit
ish Birmah which seems marked out for
the cneiO dbljo of the Far East, and. thanks
20 the efforts If its Governor, this species Of
culture is now actively prosecuted in that
region. 1t Is worth noting that, fifty years
ago, East Indian tobacco commanded
higher price than the best American sorts.
But the Indian shippers abused the prestige
gained by their first carsoe-, and the de-
mand .1r their article wholly ceased. At
prv-c'It the fn'ueco- OF IIiniostan are once
muro Iu.tcl Ina London. AMI the exports
from that country have quadruplcd since
ls72, being now valued ut nearly two nil
lions ~ dollars.
We couc hnally to an industry more inn
'ort1nt than thus far noticed, for il is dc--
flrd nDt only io enrich British Iui.a. hut 90
v.etci-e an immense influence throughout
southern Asia. We rol'r t. th" working
NOW iu urI,.rD..- of the uufINn roal ann. iron