The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1877-03-23

nuneflcal Iuct. Dut lout bfaucs Vi COltOn
are ordinarily used in the manufacture of
Clarks 80. N. T." Spool Cotton, and known
as "Sea Island Cotton" This comes prin-
cipally from South Carolina, and il grown
on the small islands along the coast Con-
siderable il raised on the peninsnlas and
around the bays and inlets, but it is not equal
TO thatof the sea islands, which is the finest in
the world. The first bag of this sea island cot
ton of the crop of 1876 was purchased by the
Clark Thread Company ut fifty cents per pound.
The inland cotton ia not used in the manu-
facture of thread, being too short in the fiber
On these sea islands were the richest planters
of the South in
THE OLD SLAVE DAYS,
many Of them having as high as six hundred
slaves, and compared with whom the feudal
lords Of England were children in luxury, hos
pitahty and elegance But to-day all il changed.
Those vast estates are cut up into small planta-
tons, many of them owned by the negroes,
who now call no man master. They bring in
their seasons product, sometimes on a mule
and again in large quantities. Brokers on the
ground or at the landings buy and pay the ne
groes for their cotton, often dividing the money
according to the labor performed in raising the
CROP Some lease tho land of the former own
ers. but the old state of things is "dun clar'
gone" This trade and traffic, it may be fairly
expected, will in few years largely increase
the wealth and intelligence of the race in these
localities.
THE SEA ISLAND COTTON
brings treble the price of inland, and ranges
from thirty to ninety cents per pound, accord
ing to grade. An acre will produce in the
neighborhood of three hundred and fifty
pounds of seed cotton, which when, ginned
weighs about seventy-ive pounds, one to
five. The negroes without doubt. will event
ually grow all the cotton. not ono in five OF
the Northern men have thus far succeeded in
their attempts. Let the reader remember that
we have not looked at single piece of ma
chinery yet, and then calculate the number Of
people and the amount of wealth these works
employ and produce, before we reach the fac
tory. The sail, the mine, commerce and manu-
features, all find employment to supply The
Clark Thread Companys works, and when
they stop the cotton may bloom and fall I'M
plucked, the coal miner may starve on bed Of
black diamonds, the sails on the rivers be
spread to the breeze no more, and the lathes
i'll hundred shops be left to rust in silence.
The manufacture of Clarlls 80. " t. cotton
embraces the island of the sea and penctrates
the bowels of the earth, utilizing the treasures
of wealth on every hand enriching and bless
ing mankind at every stop, from the womb of
ages to the looms of Newark. We will now
examine into the immediate sources Of the
power which drives the endless machinery of
this vast hive of industry with its sixty miles
of betting and about seventy miles of steam
pipe for heating purposes.
WE ENTER THE ENGINE HOUSE,
itself large enough for an ordinary factory.
Here is a mighty production of human brain
and Drawn. In the presence Of this monster,
with its majestic tread one feels his own insig-
nifcance and fraity. This vast piece of ma
chinery, moving silently, save the sharp click
of the improved steam cut-oifs, is equal in
power to the combined draught of six hundred
horses, and is two engines in one, usually termed
a double engine. The hy-wheel, travelling at
the rate of forty-eight revolutions per minute
and carrying three huge belts on its surface,
each two feet wide, is seyenty-eight feet in cir
cumference, twenty-five feet in diameter, and
weighs thirty tons, or sixty thousand pounds.
The shaft is fourteen inches in thickness. the
double cylinders are twenty-six inches in diane
ter, with condcnscrs and n stroke Of five feet
They We're built by Corliss, in 1874. One Of
the three belts on the hy-wheel is one hundred
and fifty feet in length But even this douhIe
monster could not run the works. 1t hGs a biz
twin brother, and together they travel every
day for ten hours on their endless journey, and
never get tired. They are wonders of power
and elegant workmanship, worthy of visit
from any one who wants to see the
BIGGEST PAIR OF TWINS
in New Jersey. They are supplied with steam
from nine immense tubular boilers and four
large upright boilers, Corliss' plan. They con-
sumo twenty-five tons of coal per day. which
will give some idea of the amount Of steam
necessary to drive the immense establishment.
Besides these there ale three ordinary-sizcd
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