The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1877-05-31

State, In l82xtlown wast poIiiicaI
orphan UNI 1884, when she was join
ed u she lferSI6G(Y a 3Ilebisa6. az
1874. d II 7isory ron cos.pristag ne
States. ~ VjkconsIn, hwa and Mime
STA Ms of1g.snizcd rs Wisconsin sTerr'-
tory
iowa was organized as separate terri
Tory in 1928, ard in 1875 became ono Of
The States Of the republic An impetus
4 was given to settlement Of the Slate IN
1896, BY The cosnp.t ton Of lie Cllicsgo
and Rock Island Railroad to Iowa City,
and ~ lie passage Of IN act granting
public lands in aid If railroad construct
I. lion, Tie fri road was completed across
The Sfuie in 1896; The completion IT three
Others soon followed and tlserc arc NOW
sos miles 81 rad ia successful apcration
| within. lser I,ortlcrs The population in
1875 Was $4,000; in 1915. il WAS ! $50,
al.
SCH. ASb CLIMATE.
THE Stale has an area Of S5.2s6 ~
acres. and ninety FIVE per cent OF this Is
tiIIabIe land. II consists OF high, roll
/ ing rraries, with un9uIasing surfaces,
/ which make excellent natural drainage.
The country Slopes gradually from the
northwest 10 the southeast. There are
l two great watersheds, ono into The Miss
issipri, and the other into tllc Missouri
I thosgi il is difficult to determine the
ridge except by tracing the course Of tho
| streams. The soil Of the eastern slope
] is The well k1 ,wn bl.s 4 loan Of the drift.
( period II is generally uniform in charac-
/ Ter and quality, though mod.ied by local
causes. West sft'i. uvide tl,c character
/ is cntircl- F.rcn.. II is a silicious mari
to- .in.eaiiy called the bluff Deposit. :
! rs area IS more than 200 miles in length
by 100 in width, drained nearly centrally
by The Missouri. siver IL is uniform in
cclara and composition. even 10 the depth
Eof 200 feet, and is very fertile.
The climate is variable; the mean ten
pcraturc Of the year is about the same as
in the eastern foriion Of The United States
at lie same latitude, but the summers are
warmer and The winters IRE colder. The
rainfall also varies in similar manner
Willie The aversgc, 4 inches, is about
the same as at Philadelphia, it falls prin-
cipally during the growing season, and the
winters arc conn ar, lively dry. This is
Claimed 10 be a great advantage TO the
agricultural interests and to it is attribu-
ted, in some degree; the great fertility of
the State. Specimens of the soils from
| forty-fiyc different counties are shown in
glass tubes six inches in diameter and
six feet high. They show vertical SIC
| ton just as the soil lies in its natural for
nation The tubes are labelled with The
name Of the county from which they are
taken The rich black loan is appar-
emily the same at the top and bot
1 tom.
IOWA CEREALS.
! Like tic other prairie Sites in the
Mississippi valley, the great grain staple
is corn. This is said to be less liable to
injury or failure than any other crop; in
enc season only in the last twenty years
has The crop failed to mature fully before
the autumn frosts. The yield averages
from 80 to 10 bushels per acre, but with
the best of culture 100 to 1a5 bushels are
obtained.
Seventy -four varieties Of this cereal are
shown among the exhibits; The planting
was done from lie last day of April till
The 4th of July. a variety amoag the
first planted yielded l2o bushels Of shell
cd corn 10 the acre; ii was planted in
drills. That planted July 4,h was husk-
cd Septmbcr Goth, and yielded 60 BUSH
els per acre, with only two pIowings.
Another specimen, eaten down by the
grasshoppers on June %, grew again, and
made 60 bushels per acre, Will, but two
plowings. Grassioppers, howe yer, have
never done much damage in Iowa. A
high, from planting on July 25th. which
yielded 20 bushels per acre on September
23..
Among Inc varieties Of corn shown is
what is called "square corn, which is of
a blue color, eight rowed, and resembles
in the shape the northern yellow eight
rowed corn. This is said to BIZ the origi-
nal maize raised by the Ipdians, from
which all the other species have been de-
rived 1t Il cultivated 10 some cxtent
and makes very white meal Corn ros
been raised in tho sta;e which v;el,led
1862. bushels per acre of shelletl grain N
1874 t..crc were raised lag, 693, so bush.
e-s
E;g,tv v.r;e,;, ! ~ w,,e.t ryo oa,.ord
har,ev .rc shown Tho snr;no vor;o,;e.
81 who's, arc mos, c.,,iv,,ed and s.Iowa
y T., 49,. ..,s.', 49,.
rroe,a,,,, 81 .;,t, ,.,,,..;u
bring up the qlali.y. In1s7l there were
raised 4l.23 .so7 bushels of wheat. of
which less than ii million was winter
wheat OF oats there were 29,el5.S9l
bushels and OF hurley 8, SO |, 29l bushels.
Tie latter Grain is not raised extensively,
as in time Of harvest there are ant to be
frequent rains.
There are also shown over 200 varieties
of vegetable and grass seeds ard 70 vari.
cites OF grass on the stalk.
vsspr.n,ps
On ,l,r tah,e s,,nd;ro !, emo Of ,he
. :, AMI ros, a;s,c. ,re showr or.a,