davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1877-11-17

inally thcrc was such partial connection, but
that two natural lines Of drainage in opposite d.
rcctions existed, and that between them intervcned
ridge OF clay 10 which numerous springs found tho
surface The action OF these springs In q comparn-
lively soft soil would be TO saturAto u In their I'M
mediate vicinity and TO induce . gradual wearing
away OF The cIay during seasons Of heavy
rains Whlo this process OF dcnudntion :
comparatively small scale progressing the level
OF tho lako was slowly rising, notwithstanding tho
loss OF water by evaporation great surface. By
the timo tho lake had filled up tho Lukuga-
Luindi ridge woll nigh down, and, bcrg
constantly moist, aquatic vegetation took possession
OF It, An extraordinary swelling OF tho lake wators
may thero have caused overflow through tho pre-
pared channel, and all tho characteristics Of an
outlet established as they appear at present.
On tho other hand Il Is possible that the outlet
may have always existed such until somo
great terrestrial upheavn or landslide caused ass
OF earth and rock to be thrown into the channel dam.
ming u up, aud that ntcrwsrd the process OF satura
tion and wearing away may havo commenced. Any
how, thero is at present connection between
Tapganyka and tho Lualaba through the Lukuea.
Luindi Channel
COURSE OF THE LrALAnA, on coSco.
Stanley places tho source OF tho main rvcr-that Is
tho point OF It's now furthcst from tho Atlantic
longitude 33 deg. east md Immediately south
OF Lake Tanganyika Tho river flows from this
as tho Chambczi into Lake Bangweolo, shown on the
map particularly referred 10 In staney's letters
From this sheet OF shallow water the river flows ns
the uapula TO Lake Mweru and thence us tho Luaaba
to the confluence OF the Lundi and tho great Kama
londo River, which flows from tho southern limit
OF tho Great Central African Basin, in latitude 10
deg. SOUTH through series OF long, narrow lakes
into the Lualaba From lhis point the main river
flows north TO latitude = deg. south and bv
tho town OF Nyangwo az tho Ugazowa. broken
by several ias and descends In It's further courso
toward tho Equator the Ruarowo 10 its confluence
with the Ramami and the commcncoment OF tho mrs,
serios OF cataracta
WIDENING CHANNEL
At this point tho river widcns and crossos tnc
Equator and ater passing the cataracts becomes Tho
great na vigable stream which time will mako n On.
Of the most important rivers In tho world
From this point, also, tho river commences
TO bend westward and 10 receive tho wa,ers
OF It's principal tributaries Al tho cataracts n 4.
called the Rows, and, ansr receiving tho Aruwimi.
bears that namc as far tho mouth OF tho great
tributary called tho Saukuru River. Then bending
to the southwcstward tho Bcngaa RIVER IL receives
at tho Equator, which again crosses, the ikcomba
or Uriki whose length Is estimated AZ ovcr thousspd
miles, and many other tributaries from tho north.
ward. all draining into common channel, tho great
central basin OF Africa. saeoi4 4te
PROM UrANzf TO THE sRA
At near the confluence with tho Nkutu or Kwanro
Rvor The main stream again contracts in width aud en-
The New York herald., 1877-11-17

or all the geographical problems that have presented
themselves on tho African continent that Of tho
Congo River 10 the most remarkable, interesting
and tho most recently solved. The Nile has been
known far south Khartoum for very
many centuries, and spcculatons based upon
descriptions OF tho country around tho sources OF the
river made In the eorly centuries Of the Chris
tian era Indeed, 10 not TOO much to be-
Devo thst the finding OF the great reservoirs
Of the Milo, the Victoria and Abort Niyan-
within the present quarter OF century
wcro but tho recovering Of lost knowledge regarding
tho origin Of river whose lower valley was 10 the
earliest times the seat OF advanced cviliza.
tion. The mighty monuments OF ancient Egypt
the pyramids, temples obc.iskss and colossal
ssatuos-wers constructed OF materials not found
within the presont OF Lower Egypt II is not
unlikely therefore, that the Of stonc Of which
they were formed wore brought down the river from
Abyssnia and Upper Egypt during periods
OF great inundations, whom the RATS were
noated 70 or very the points whcro
tnis material to be used. Tho difficulty OF
land transportation OF thcsc blocks OF stone
must have been, as Il would DO even now, cxtraor.
dinary, 80 that Is reasonable to infer that people
70 Ingenious and entorprising the old Egyptians
must have used tho simplest and most effective an.
pancss and methods for tho transportation OF their
building material.
rHE UNKxowS RIVER.
without doing moro than suggesting few points
bearing on the probability or a comparatively int,-
mate knowledge Of tho country beyond tho mouth
OF tho Blue Nile and oven OF the great lakes BY
the Egyptians, a reconciliation OF traditions and
known facts concerning tho Nile might bo effected
But Of the river which commences In tho region OF
Ten degrees south latitude and thirty three degrees
enst longitude, and follows q course OF Q 900
miles through tho ccntro OF Equatorial Africa
and emptcs its waters into tho Atlanta
Ocean as the Congo, nothing has been
handed down BY tradition The carly explorations OF
the Portuguese found the mouth OF this mighty river
Centuries later missionary explorer the renowned
Livingstone, ehanced upon It's upper watcrs in
searching Tor the sources OF tho Ne nnd
followed its course northward until STONED
by tho hostility OF tho savage inhabitants But bc.
swecn the point whsreat Livingstone abandoned tho
river and that ono hundred and thirty miles or 40
from It's mouth, neither tho length nor charac
tor OF tho river was known to any single human being
coxGo2 NsEs-t
II was not until Livingstone had been discovcrea
and rescued from depornbo want ana an eoualIv
miserable isolation from his follow white men
through the heroic efforts nj Henry ~ stanley
tho HKRALp commissioner sent out for that purpose
that any doubt arose as to the possibility that the
river Livingstone had discovered was not an s0lucn
n not the main stream OF the Nile. This doubt I,d
not gain any considerable degree OF strength
until Stanley had completed the exploration
OF tho great lakes reservoirs or tho N,e
aad established bcyons any question the limits
The New York herald., 1877-11-17
AFRICAN EXPLORATION AND ITS
RESULTS.
NJ SIR RUTHERFORD ALcocK, x. g. n, 40
IFrom Mscmillan's Magazine, Novembcr.l


[From Mscmillans Magazine, Novembcrl
Whom Livingstone was driven from Kolobcng tho
missionary station IN tho Bcchuana country by the
Bocrs ia 1882 his house piundored and all mis- belong
ings destroyed carried OF, u was ii,tio dreamed
that in sending Dm homeless with his faco to tho
morrill, tho nst step was taken toward opening up tho
vas, continent beyond. Yet so IL proved. BY success
slvo geographical explorations continued through lit.
te moro than quarter OF century, tho mystery OF
all ages solved Tho sources Of the Milo werc dis
covered, with tho grcat lakes their feeders whic the
Congo. fed by another group OF great lakes little
further SOUTH has been tracod through It's whole course
TO the Atlantic As tho great missionary himself
records In tho preface TO his nrst journals, "ibe
Docr resolved to shut up tho interior and deter.
mined to open tho country and wc shall SEQ who hayc
been most succcssfui-tncy or l." lie may well have
ich IN after years, with touch OF PRIDE that an
ovcrruling power had by his humble instrumcntality
turned tho shor, sighted maevoencs OF the Doors into
The New York herald., 1877-11-17

torstn mountainous region Of tho West Coast district
From longitude IL deg and latitude deg southe
river passes over sxtywo caaracs and rapids Of sha
second sorcs, and whose terminal falls arc tnosc
Of Ntamo and YeliaIa II was in passing these that
Pocock lost his life. From Yellala Fall tho Atlantic
the rvcr 10 wide and naviGsble and passes through
partly civilized rcgion occupied BY the Portuguese and
other traders Stanley, foot note 70 hts map, adds
the following Information TO that given In his
lctters:-
''Tho Congo River from its source 10 Cape Padron,
at tho mouth, is 1000 milcs In length. Thus-l 100
miles 10 Nyangwe, and from Nyangwc 70 the sea 800
miles. From cast longitude 10 deg so min TO cast rs
dog so min, north la,itu1e dce 20 min, tho great
African river Is navigablc."
LETTER FROM REV. ALBERT BUSHNELL, GA
BOON, AFRIcA-wRAr B THOUGHT OF STAN
LEY's MISSION.
THE GABoos AND CoRRco MISSION
EQUATORIAL WEST AFRICA
GABooN, WEST ;Ar.IcA, Sept ~, 1877.
Chicf Justice DAILY President OF tho American Geo.
graphical Society, Now York.
DEAR srR--It Is long sime since I have written 10
your society. This neglect has boon from lack OF
interest in the noble work OF the society, but In con-
sequence being lef alone with an unusual pressure
OF professional labors
Ere this you will have heard OF the arrival on the
West coast OF our daring countryman, Mr.. Stanley.
and OF hts succcssful explorations OF the interior Of
Africa. have not yet soon Mr.. Stanley as no PRO.
cccded from Cabinda" TO st. Paul do Loondo, instead
Of TO Gaboon- But having seen gontiemon who en-.
tsrained him and assisted him reaching the mouth
OF the Congo, whom In almost q starving condition I
havo gathered many authentic particulars which have
interested uch and lead 70 believe that tho re
suits OF Mr.. stanicys explorations viii bs found cmi
ncnty useful Without anticipating his report m ar
say he passed. from the lake region 10 tho In
terror waters OF tho great Congo which he traced
its mouth He found II above tho rapids a large
navignble river, some seven hundred miles or more
from It's source, in perhaps two degrees north Iat
tudo. The MY rapids, In distance OF abou,
my miles, impede continuous navigation from ~
mouth TO its head waters but this dculty can essv
DO obviatcd by canal or railroad around tho rsp,ds
perhaps BY road from point on tho coast 10
point tho Ccnso above the RAPIDS II tho interior
regions bordering on the Congo are found 10 po non
uIous and rich In valuable resources commerce. win
soon demand direct communication with tho IJppcr
Congo. We learn that Mr. Stanley confirm, on,
oplnIon that the ogovs River, on which we nsve
missionary station. connects with tho watcrs OF tho
interior Congo, bat this river. like ,hs Congo. has
scries OF rapids about two hundred miles from ts
mouth that mpedes navigation; but tnese rapids are
fewcr In number and occupy q shorter space OF
tho river than thoso OF tho Congo. If n
shall be determined that tho ogove furnishes the
most direct highway 70 tho interior Coogo the rapids
Il can bc more easily passed than tho moro ormd-
able ones on tho Congo. But we must walt. hoping
The New York herald., 1877-01-07
TRAvELLERs' GUIDE.

E,ALL RIVER LINE FOR BOSTON AND THE EAST.
Leave New York daily tsundays excepted) from pier -
North River. foot OF Murray ST., 43o r. NJ Fares
duced
The New York herald., 1877-01-07
UCTiON SALE OF MAGNIFICENT HOUSEHOLD
~ Furniture. property Of Il. Gay. Esq,
10 bc sold TONOkRcw Monday MORNING,

elegant ave story brown stone mansion,
No. 1-O West 23j ST. near 9Th av
Two elegant rosewood anolorcs. ono steinway Son.
and Windsor upright. Cost 500 and 81 Up magnificent
rosewood Etagoos LRco tnralns, Mirrors latest style
laid ar0r Suits covered Ia satin, brocatei and
Centre Console Tables, Cabinets Jadnierrr Frpzes
OIL Paintings DC Chamber suits, In black walnut Dress
Cases. Bedstcads spring aud hir Mattresses Carpets
DC; Bookcase. 40 volumes choice Books Ladies'
res. Library Tables, Turkish suits. DINING Room BUFFET
Extension Iabcs solid walnut Chairs, In leather China
Dpncr and Tea sets. Lounges las stand; also basement
ami servants Furniture Iu KE FfTIGERALD Auctoneer
N. B.--,soods packed and shipped, city or country.
Noce.-Cut this OUT and ivr particulars see Mondays
Herald
The New York herald., 1877-01-07
-GEoRGE w. KELLER, AUCTiONEEK.
MONDAY, January X. at II o'clock.
M Art t..ltarx El tn..,v

TIMED STATES NAIL LiNE.-S1EAM TO QUEENS
~ TOWN AND LIVERPOOL
Sailing ON TUESDAY.
from pier 10 North River
IDAHO Jan. 49, B56 \. NJ. WISCONSIN. Jan, 80 Q r NJ.
MONTANA, an ~. N A. ". WYOMING. Fcb q, noon.
Cabin $o5. $50 aud $50. currency.
intermediate. $40: stccrage s26.
Passengers booked 10 and from Paris. Hamburg Norway
Sweden &c Dras ON Ireland England, France and Ger
many ~ lowest rates.
WILLIAMS 4 GUIoY 20 broadway.
The New York herald., 1877-01-07

WILSON LINE.-foR SOUTHAMPTON AND HULL.
w sailing from pier J3 North River. follows
COLOMBO. January q iifNDOO February
OrHELLO. ~ NAvAKINO. February ~
First cabin. $40 second cabin, x5, currency
Excu Ion tickets favorable terms Through tickes
Issued to Continental aud Hattie ports Apply full
tcuiars TO CHARLES l.. WRIGHT a Co. SO south 81 :.
LNOE CONSTANTINOPLE. CALLING AT GIBRALTAR
the first class British iron steamship LOTUS 81
register Captain James McSsbb. will sail Tor the above
ports about the 18th inst taxing limited number
Of nsN class passengers ~ reduced For further par
ticuIas apply TO CuARLES l. WRIGHT 4 Co., Agents.
No. % boush ~ n
The New York herald., 1877-01-07

ORIENTAL ART
Tho Messrs LEAvITT. Auuctioneers
WEDNESDAY anc THURSDAY afternoons, January 10
and IL. at Clinton Hall,at clock. aud on free
exhibition
CENTENNIAL
EXHIBITION GOODS
TUNTS AND JAPAN,
many elegant and entirely o this country.
Comprising rich Enbrodcrics Tapestries, rich
Window Drapcrie Persian aud Turkish Rugs variety OF
sizes and pattcns Ancient Weapons, Mosque Furniture
FROM the Fast Jewelry antique Braswork, SILVER and Gilt
work from Persia, Coisonnc Enames bronze
porcelain, Curos. Porcelains. Lacqucrs. &c.
A RT-sPECIAlA
N BARKER & CO., AZ and 40 Liberty st.
We will sell auction Tuesday aud "Wednesday anu.
AIRY and 10 at IL O'clock highly valuable private Library
OF standard
LAW BOOKS
Now view. with catalogue.
We will also sell Friday and Saturday January IL and
13. ele Innt examples In
OIL AND WATER COLOR PAINTINGS
Now exhibition. with catalogue, and will be percmptoy
sold us above, commencing each day at ~ o'clock.
GEORGE l. BANKS. Auctoncer
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1877-09-13
a BAD PIT.

The doct, rs OF Detroit don't take a
Joke as kindly as they might. The other
evening citi2sn OF Woodward avenue
went block out OF his way to put bis
head into doctors Office aud call out:
Man al The er OF woodward ave-
nue. and Elizabeth street got bad iitl
The doctor put on his hat and hastened
to the corner indie lted, topping that he
might not be 100 late to sage human HE.
There was no crowd aud no excitement,
and, as the NJ. ID. leaned against the
amp-post TO catch bis breath Ae saw
man sitting on the curl lst0ne bathDg bis
foot with cold water. The boot which
be had drawn of stood beside him, and
the man was saying:
Blast that shoemaker; biiast that boot
ah--yes, blast 'em
II was bad iit. AftG two OF three
minutes the doctor saw that il was. What
his thought were no one will eser know
bat as boy came near rul lning Yeloel
pede against him, be grow ed o0t.
About ten thousand men. Ia this towI
0 1ght to be taken cut and hoti
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1877-09-13
NEWSPAPER REPORTERS.

There is class of malicious people il
the world who love to scandaIze report
ere.
One of the reasons they allege foI dc
ing so is that 1t is the aim of tho reporieI
to scandslize them If there occurs to hin
an opportunity of doing so.
If this were true, then there is all th'
more reason for them so TO live that h
shall not get The chance.
But anybody who says this about re.
porters as class either lies or does not
understand what be is talking about.
There are three kinds OF reporters, TO
wit;-Good reporters; good reporters,
with bad qualities; and bad reporters,
with good qualities.
The first class consists Of those who fer
ret out sll the facts concerning given
subject aud then dress up the facts reada.
bly,.
They discover naked events aud clothe
them with costumes Of bewiiching rhelo-
ric.
The second class are those who, with
out patience, or enthusiasm, OF cheek, or
ambition to root out all the facis, content
themselves with general view of the
subject and few main incidents to sup
port the structure.
Reporters OF this class are often dett
joiners OF epithets. They can hinge to-
getber the most graphic expressions; aud
all that The reader feels be wants is lii.
tie more substance amid so much artist
cally constructed verbiage.
The third class comprise reporters who
have genius for collecting all the facts,
great and small, but fail utterly Ia put.
ling them in presentable shape.
II they are preparing an account of q
ship about to be launched they will tell
you how far the jibboom Of the mizzen-
mast is from the bowsprit and give you
all The odd inches.
But their plural nonns will be joined 10
verbs in The singular aud rice rersa
But YOU will find few or no reporters
who Systematically 60 to work TO dstorl
facts aud TO SANDER character.
Tie public often woBders at the thing
which get into a newspaper, but be '
much more It would wonder at sb
things that are left out.
II Is not what goes into newsp ape
that deiies the reader, bat what wo al
20 into il II reporters were not faith fu
and msnaglng editors not Argus eyed.
And you, ye ignorant and self-Appo ini
ed eensors who esnnot live without ou
newspapers, who riddle with the sbo Q
your pereinsgc The bard working be ng
ho run that yoa may resd, d. you eve
stop 10 thlnk Of The paine, the skill, th
training necessary 10 the pfepsrali on 0
the column you glance over 80 snpt rcill
oaslyf
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1877-09-13
now TO BECoM A FARMER.

a correspondent Of the Sun asks that
paper how he can best learn to be a far
mer. Taat paper says: Our correspon-
dent will make best use of his time, and
save his little capital for investment ia
the farm he desires to have, il he enters
into the employment Of some active, in.
telligena, enterprising and enlightened
practical sarmer-and many such may be
touud-and goes TO work with him in
the fields. The old maxim that he who
expects to thrive by farming must either
hold the plow or drive, is specially appli.
cable to the small farmer. Such man
cannot make living, even scanty one,
unless he works with his own hands and
works hard. lie cannot spend his time
in theorizing or trying fancy expert
ments, but must be up at sunrise and of
In the fields, or among his cattle and
keep at it until sundown. The advsn-
tage of All actual apprenticeship under a
practical farmer will be that our cores
pondent will learn just what can be done
at The business, just how much may be
done at the business, just how much may
be made out off it, and how to go about
his task. But he must not be afraid to
take off his coat and 90 to work, whether
the ARa shines or the rain pours. If he
is prRdent, sober and industrious, be
will make fair living, aud enjoy the in
d epeadenee of owning bis own home.
Ne sniime let him get good wife, aud
bis & vtane gill be enviable.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1877-09-13

You object 10 The bead lines. Sit down
aad Try TO write some yourself, jast once
There arc certain limits to Language.
You cannot have startling titles and yet
adhere 10 lhd strict language Of The com.
mon place.
We acknowledge, however, thai there
Is sometimes a tendency to speak Of =
plough As an agricultural implement, and
Of IRE as the devourlng element
Bat after al Il Is better to have a few
ecoeutricllies OF language, with plenty Of
interesting facts At the bottom Of them
than to have sentences Of Immaculate
rhetoric with no facts at AL
The watering place correspondent Is
the individual who receives the most
witbering criticisms from the newspaper
despiser.
He is generally quite harmless, giving
as statistics OF arrivals and departures,
telling us who's who, aud what's what,
and allowing q vein OF gossip TO run
through his letters, just as the curve Of
the earth runs through the mountains and
valleys thereon.
But perhaps the writer most really de.
serving of sympathy is be whose duty il
is every day 10 be amusiDg.
As though wit aud bumor could be
written to order.
You might just as well expect conju.
rer to twist limliless yards of ribbon out
OF bis asophsgus. a
You must first give him time to put
the ribbon there.
And so with the newspaper funny
man. In some respects he is the useful
man on the staff, for bis squibs and
cranks do more to promote the salubrity
of the reader than the whole board OF
health.
But that isn't saying much.
The ponderous writer is always safe j.
No one expects him to say anything re-
freshing or original, and he never sur
prises public expectations.
But to be perpetually expected to
amuse is to be compelled TO assume the
altitude of comedian behind the foot.
lights.
When his heart is breaking into tears
his face must be breaking into smiles.
In the midst OF violent attack Of spleen
be must pop of bunch of smart aud
good natured bon m0tS.
This is trying to the constitution, aud
It is scarcely to be wondered at that pro-
fessional jokers are like the wicked, in
that they do net live one-half their days.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1877-09-13


hAd losl its interest for Der. Her occa-
patton vas gone. bat not with Der saw
ings. Money was bot money sficr al
be had come to be the only thing she
loved, and Dick bad robbed her.
Il VAS ten o'clock Granny "a. moan
INK BY the empty hearth. Good -natnred
Mrs. Jones IRON up stairs was seeing 70
things, aud trying to cheer ber np when
suddenly there came q rSp on the door,
aud policeman looked 10.
Mrs. Briggs, be ssid.
Here she IL, said Mrs. Jones.
Yes, I'm that wreiehed erilter, said
Mrs. Briggs.
Some one wants to see you At head.
quarters, said the policeman. There's a
boy there aud some money.
Dlekl cried Mrs. Briggs. oh, | can't
bear to look at him
But Mrs. Jones bad already lied on heT
bonnet and wrapped her in shawl, asd
taken her on her arm.
The wretch. she said. I'm so glad
hes caught. You'll get your money
back.
Aud she led Mrs. Briggs along poor
Mrs. Briggs, who cried all the way, and
cared nothing for the money. Aud soon
they were at their destination, then, and
not before, the policeman turned to the
two women.
He's pretty bad, be said, They'll take
him 10 the hospital In an hour. ! sup
pose you are prepared for that He's
nearly beaten 10 death, you know.
Did you beat him, you cruel wretchi
said Mrs, Briggs. | wouldn't have had
that done for twice the money. Let him
go with It, II it's any comfort to him.
beat himl said the man. Wei, wo.
meD have tbe stupidest heads. Why, Il
| | hsdn't got mp when | did, he'd have
been dead. lie held the bag of money
tight, aud the thief was pumme1ng him
with loaded stick and The pluck be
bad for little shaver--l tell you nev.
er saw the likel
You shan't take grauny's money from
her, says he, and fought like little tiger
lfit's your money, old lady, he's given
his life for it, for all that know.
Then poor Mrs. Briggs clipped her
/ hauda aud nrfads
Oh, Dick Dick knew you were
good. | must have been crazy to doubt
you, aud then she wrung her hands and
cried: Oh, Dick, for such apaltry bit Of
money and 30 she knelt beside the pale
still face upon the pillow, and kissed it,
and called 1t tender names.
And Dick, never guessing her suspi-
cions of him, whispered:
II was so afraid he'd get of with il i
he killed me, granny, and you in such
high hopes last night.
lie did not know what she meant by
begging him to forgive her. 1t wonld
have killed him ifhe had, for he was very
near death
But Dick did not die. lie got well a.
last, and came back TO the little shop;
and though Granny Briggs had her saw
ings, she never went TO the Old Ladies
Home, for long before she died Dick was
one of the most prosperous merchants in
the city, and bis handsome home was
hers, aud she was very happy in 1t.