, 1877-05-02
NEUTRALS.
THE arsso-7CRK1su WAR iND AMERICAN Hsu-
TRALtTY.

TIE RCsso-TCRKtsn WAR AND AMERICAN HBo-
TRAttTY.
To sAs Etttof a. The Tribune. Il
CnrcAno. Apri! 30.--in your Sundays edition
Jon quote from the Springfield Rtpud'4ed" the fol-
1ow1nx sesempt 10 clarity the confused notsons II
10 the effect Of state Of war on maritime rtRhts:
Il ss & &. ;S;; 4 s Il
nt S.s g fS hey q hs 13
.ssa du'y rsostsasa rG' saa i s.: sssk
This ID great mistake, ~ any American vessel
might ind out when she ahon,d be caught on the
high seas By Russian man. of.war With = cargo
Of Smith Wesson resolsers for the Turks. The
principle established BY The Congress- of Paris Ia
1850 II "Fses ship free goods, .rtfh tAe exception
eftontra1dnd c( toar." lie ra1llion n<utrt eourrs
ID n,drcsaadtt3 <naemt< Perception de ia eontre.
bdndS de Tuerre. In former tines II was otter.
wise. The eonst4nt use and practice Of belliver.
ent nattons, from the earliest tines. hare sub.
jeetcd cnetnYs goods In neutral vessels To capture
snd condemnation ~ pfixe Of war and this
was formerly the ruls recognized BY the
United Btatea Government In tho Treaty Of
177s between tho United States and France. tho
sulo vas established, "frtt sAips free 1oods, " snd
the snms principle was established ln the
treaty OF 1889 between tho United States snd
Prussia. In 4 treaty between the United States
battles Feco9p,xs as permanent snit inovissbe tic
following principles. to~wit:
l. That .frcs 1hlps make free Foods. that IL to
eAy that the effects goods belonging to subjects
citizens Of Power Of State It war are free from
capiure and eonhaeaton when found on boari =
neutral vessel utth As exception Of orttef<s con.
s t!s Rropsry Gt n;ottss y; On 1oa'd a.
III Ths treate, Between tho Wnei State. an tho
ottolaan Empire Of 1880 and 1s6! have no refer
ence to the respective rights ob!lrat[ons Of the
| rnhfrAffnF nAFf{e& In either Of Them 0bOu1
become bclligcfent and our Fsghte and dnttes
towards Turkey IN tho present war hare. there;
principles OF International law.
In regard 10 the maritime rights OF tho neatrats,
bclligerent Powers 10 subject 10 soma exceptions.
amongst which IL tho Trade with tho enemy tn
articles sont,aband of ~af' sna taat i:ms T. and
sissed 70 turkey H. therefore, subject to seizure
not unHey III e III ius.isn squ.drou, 1t
present In our wate1s and tsfboFs. came here for
ths ,e,r purpose q ws,ehag .nd d, tns,cept!aR
ii il clear The United States Government csnnot
aItow ths Ru1slan deet to use cur hatbors or oar
g. T.S u IT, ss
"a neutral Go.trnment u bound not e. permit Or
suder either tcl1Rcrent to make u.e Of IL forts OF
waters as the base o. naval operations against the
other or tot the purpote renewal sugnlenta
tion Of military tapplle: q the recruitment
Is,vcrnmcnt might bc compelled to onler the Itus.
| sian Grand Dukes only 4 few daya ago the hon
orcd guests at the festisp board Of the President
now that an netnat state Of wht exists, to Leave
they do not peetcr TO 10 motn prUprlo. Htn.of-
war belonging to one Of tho belligcFcnt Powers
cannos be edmltted 10 the porn Of neutral except
| tur reaceble rurro+ea. Darlag our War Of tht
iscbcliion the English Iosernment lssued It
order requiring t'Ic shtps'of:war os ptl
yxteess Of either te1ligtrent which shall ente
| any Enaltth port of waters 70 dspar
cept In case Of slrees Of wcathcs Of her 1cqntr
inE prpvsl0ns OF things necessary fot tho satesAt
| enct Of her crew or fepa!rs. in other Of which
eases the authorities OF the port had TO require htI
to pit to sea ~ possible After TIM e1p3fA
/ lion of such period OF twenty four hours, withou
permitting her to tAke tu supplies bsvond whA
might be necessary for her immediate use, an
except 10 mqch coal only ~ might be sufficient +
casr7 suth %es4el to tha ncarcs& port Ut her owl
country or 10 aorc nearer destination, and Goa
should 10 supplied again In nuy Eng1lah port II
| such A Tesscl TIL after the expiration of thse
II IL known that the English Government hi
| been very rnfftehdly to the United Statss durfn
Tie War Of tho liebcllIon. and therefore the abns
| rules mar be considered ~ tho most stringent m
the limitation Of the tinle to t~cnty -four hour
I seem to bc now recognized by the textbooks
| fllaua on Wheaton. s 42u'. which, however. doc
. | not preclude tho right OF tho Neutral Government
. | to allow lonree time. 4 ru1a tlAt such vessa
Il not SLOWED to return 10 tho aaiit port OF ID
| prntfaf until It haA touched at tho rott OF bel
iiaescnt. ~ asserted shortly BY a inorn!ng pape,
| dpea nut exist. L. HHxNTIA0.