The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1877-04-28
ROunnania.

Roumania, tributary State in Turkey, con-
sists of the united principalites of Moldavia
and Wallachia, and includes a portion of Bes-
sarabia annexed from Russia by the Treaty of
Paris. The northern half Of the new Stat, is
made up of the country of Moldavia, and is
separated from Bessarabia by the liver Prutb.
1t is traversed in the north and west by various
ofshoots of the Eastern Carpathians, through
which several passes lead into Bukownia and
Transylvania. The principal rivers are the
Danube, the Pruth and the Sereth, all three of
which have numerous aff1uences. Wallachia is
the larger part of Roumania, and is bounded
on the north by Pennsylvania and Moldavia, o.
the east and south by Bulgaria, and on the
west by Servia and Hungary. The Carpathian
Mountains separate it from Hungary and Tran
sylvania, and the Danube river from Bulgaria
and Servis. This river forms five-eighths of
the frontier, and the whole country is drained
by its tributaries, of which the principal are the
Sereth, Buseo, Yalomitza, Arjish, Vede, Aluta
and Shyl, all navIgable.
In December, 1861, the permanent union of
these two prnclpalities, under the title of Rou.
mania, was proclaimed at Bucharest and Jassy
The Inhabitants number about 4 500, 900, and
consist OF Moldavians proper, of the Walach
race, Greeks, Armenans, Jews, Franks and
Gypsies The dominant religion is the ortho.
dox creek. About tWo-thlrdS of the popula-
ton depend on agriculture and cattle breeding.
In In 1874 the aggregate length Of railroads was
600 miles. The same year the public. debt
amounted to S37, 100000, exclusive Of So OOO 900
N Government bank notes. The budget for
1875 estimated the expenditures at $18 700 OO0
ank the revenue at only ST., 100000
The Constitution of Roumania is limited
monarchy, the head of which bears the title of
Prince, with male succession. There is a leg
lslatiye body consisting of a Senate and Cham
Der OF Deputies. Every taxpayer has the right
TO VOTE For administrative purposes the coun-
try is divided into 80 districts, which are in
turn divided into 1852 sub-districts. The stand
ing and territorial armies in time of peace num-
Der about 60,000; on the war-footing 95 OOO
The total active national force, including the
militia, is more than 100000, besides which
there IS cadet force, organized in 1874, in all
the public schools. The Roman Catholics are
estimated at from $4,000 to upward of 100, 900,
and the Protestants from $4,000 to 10000.
There are but few Mohammedans. There are
eight Greek theological seminaries and one
Catholic. The numbsr of schools in 1873 in
town and country was 4 591.
Alexander John L. of the House of Cuza,
was elected Prince of Moldavia on JAN II, 1859.
and of Wallachia, Feb. 5. He then obtained
recognition of the Sultan, and on Dec %. 1861,
formerly proclaimed the permanent union of
cate Feb. %, 1866, and was succeeded by pro-
vlsional government Prince Charles !. of
Hohenzollern was elected prince by the people
April IA. 1866, was confirmed by the Legisla-
ture May IL, and in July took the oath of fidel-
ity to the Constitution. His reign since that
time has been disturbed by partisan anmosities
and by financial troubles. Roumanla pays an
annual tribute to Turkey, but in most other re-
spec5s Inc Inc country is virtually independent