New-York tribune., 1877-10-12


OF Plants OsO5) first formally drew tn attention Ot mt
urasts to the connection betw en- the distribution o
plants and the distribution OF heat ON the
surface Of the earth. As advunce Is made
In either hemisphere from the equator toward
the pole, the mean annual tempemture declines, anu
in Succession a series of vegetable zones IA passed
through IL begins with the palms Of the tropics alu
lar series of facts had long previously been observed Dy
Tournefort ON Mo mt Ararat The distribution of veHe-
tation from the ise To the snOw-line OF any moh'
tam hears general resemblance To the dstrlDnu III
irom It's base to the polar REGIONS AS REGARDS 'nas
the same remark be made. In the temperate Zhr'
eastward beyond tie Casl ian, there are N whose cou
pexion IL yellow, in Europe The com eXion Is white,
the American is red Asia has its Tibet hear Europe
its brown bear America lis black pear Iho Enrope@h
stag finds IN America It's analogue IN me NaIu' ,S
Asatic in the musk deer The wild TX OF Lhuana dii-
fers from the North American bthal and ths ag1n
nom ihr M,ngolan YAK me liah O io ,r'HI
The camel OF EurOp-. tine puma re places tue non bfdI'
has had IN times LONG plssed Representatives ~ ~ &
istng slOths and aru0dlOs. Aus'raia, whlcu has
isotberma zones like those of other continents, mas no
aces ar monk Vs. no cas- o. tigers, no wolves OF uc1s,
hyeuas, horses, squirrels, raDbs, no woodpeckeIs or
pneesants Instead OF them il mas the kangaroo womDat
or rrthorhynehus. cOcSatoos and lorles nowhere 'so
nism tie organism, redctng, Influences the enNro-
menC The most striking instdnce o. this perhaps VIII
he found on comparing the constitution OF the atnoS
phege be and since the carbOnfrous epoch Por TO
that epoch, Al the myrads Of tons OF coaiy su3soe'
now enclosed IN the strata of the earth existed as car
OOnlc acid the air By tne agency OF The sunlsh ac
ing ON the esvcs OF the uXuriant vegetation OF tose
times. this nOxiOus was gradually removed ahI IT.
placed by an equivalent volume OF oAyS'n a , ~,
booded, quickly -gespiring animal coulu pot uqss1H
exist III an atmosphere laden WIN caioonlc aGii
terror I" the coal dey0sll the lahna was % r,ai
environment, and this, IN lis tun reaetne canSeu ho
fauna.
Let rapidly survey the changes that have taken
place IN me eartns organisms In the earn. 8. OF pa , M
deal period there existed 0f plants Only "@t'r VI s'
isns-ang ed seAweedS. Thcu on the following pelOu,
tne primary, came the more perfect CT! lS,, % 10 10
ferns Then follow ed, in the secondary, pine forest, i
the coal per- cd the puaneIOglnla developed Ou ol .e
more ID rect crvptosania Not uud the chalk orna-
ton did the higher i1OTR apDear III thc DeSinue
o. the tertiary the earth lad suhcrnty c3oifu a. se
poie cnmat1 ones weTS peoSe prcss ' had been
~ hV nIyVfY
distinct cOrOa, an then by those with one ana o ese
trsc tne lower, aud then the higher ,,,
Turning the order Of succession OF animal lie-oI
the primu rGial-the forms are sKuless 1hch IN ne
following-thr p.lmary-oome sys first those with the
hcterOcei cal tal III the embryo W eNsllug ones In
tine cOudary rcpuirs aud out 81 them brGs, were de-
ve.Oped the decrItng amount of caibOnic acd, ana
the Increasing amount OF zen, pelinn- the cndSe
o. birds, the carcst had long zHdliRe tan, com
posed Of thin vertcort 10 every one oI wcI was at
tacacG strong rubuer-the featAcrs, In as The same
formation O the TAN part Of the vereDrd column stu
occurs linsentN III lhr emoyOs oI olner hllus ne ne
transition ron tn reptile to tIe bird Is manifested by
some O the Latter having teeth set Ia one order grooves,
III another III di'th.t socAe's' Ahon- 'hiu' u'lls, d
among nohcs, t.e Imperfect ufUeis appeared hISt
About the middle OF the n' SoAtmc PERIOD OUT oi a
evOiVcd; and IA the beginning Ui The tertiary L. piacent
developed out Of the u.llsupiais Ic latter
were d one tune distributed over thc Nhole eaith no"
they are ia>, approaching cXtncuon In Europe Asld
and Aiuca not a single member Oi the Group re-
mIls, lac eioacai .l,I%.7, '% NJ, ID t o
rope. For It's orler IA Anerlca may rcIer
yOG 10 the recent adm rable ad css VI Professor Marsh
UcioIc American Association ior tnc AdVancemeni Oi
Science. Tue genera Conclusions at Wnch We arilVe H.
ethor ousttneL uy tne otner Wndt does tLis
g., xlstcuce Of tw1 uItcrcnJ Of lfe through n
TO- iis.,cr,nct ,ne . her ni.cnins Iorw.rd to IL
crcdsc-W uue, tbs Overlapping ncJnt NOt sudden
creation, bat 81 dee Opment. l"e e"NifOnmont IS
s.ONy Iniu IN ,utDic 10 tne one, and slowly be-
coming suitable 10 tIc Otner.
EUDmENTARy obGANs.
II were permi,cd would ask your attention TO ru-
dmcu.ary olgius for tIey illustrate s,rikngly tue
teory Of Evolution. They are or-ans existing IN an az
parcuti uudcvl0pcd and useless condition. sucn, or
mstanc, are tie ucsor teeth ~ the rmi 1Onr oI me
upper Jaw ~ ecuuryO OF common cattle; the rudl-
o enc ma iniu an sIocutaue0us feet of certain
snakes In embryo oI whales, teeth are found III he
IuL la tne l ter mstnc We thluk We see wise pro-
vision aud foresight OF nature, "h.ch doe not
tine tu,y are wanted. But wat are we
to make of lie parallel case OF tie whale,
smut up a. tucse rudmcI Iy etu IN the interior oi
Jim & ",si s ook LIN mig nix. u useless SoIki And
IN cr the skn buuy representatives O the cXtremies,
tnr muvenent o. those animals ohg ny Tue use OF tho
lius and ce never benz wantcJf ,udiueutiry organs
came INTO scuce idrt Oi a general pan Incy are
, mani eolutioi, al ner,d ~ III .ne [, ps oi H, oi e
The oIIn las bcen developing, not teeoogcay or iOr
purpose, but IA obedience law. And tuis 0nnes me
lace t. l.cc Win t.e t.rd Of my SUBJECT. |
nave sOAcu tue 'rgn ana progress OF the nypothe
sis Of EyOutOn aud sHoud now consider the c0nsr-
qdruces 90 acc ptlg IT, Here II Is Onu wOrd two
,It pc. IN t,, and very few words must suffice.
TIe cuus,Q ,Qutuce>! Mnat are lh"N N"OIer views
tins great uuye,se OF "hlch We form part nObler
VIEWS t4c 10 las been d5kc Ucd
sent stttc; uODlcr views OF t.c laws
ID, w.lcu u now unutuntd uJuicr cXrectatlous as
to lie lu.ut. W. stand IN presence OF the unsuaCklcd
To furcr OF the unreasonable 10 space.
limit q as time Above a., our conceptions D. lie lu-
chang aul purpuse dWtu majesty supreme
/. I- ucconle VIVID. We Ieinzc meant,
when il Is SAID, Hun there Is varlD S.
,A.tlow oI turning Need / Gay dny tuiug more
coiIul, uding tne doctrine Oi ENOiuIon 10 NOuf
let Us De4I tAIs no mlJ. great is
the ucucCt.al aINouC We nave made, Tat qucrtIJus
wnic at tluc divided CHIstUud0li into are
uOw ,aruut Of IN y are replaced By utHtrs "a
very neirut order. Among sucD, one Of surlissug
nnuortauce cOuirouls ustAe eternal reign of Law. Lei
"a, a. ar ln niud Whtt toe theory vi EyOuuOn iOu.y
pr. GAINS NIt drU be,tuae tac universe Is
Wuut IL isl l. acts upon We react up0uIL Odr
C. zion of tine spA,re ue.lg UCcApy ng,
and we are ut INTO close Relationship wl.n
IL q Is beautiful e,rCn, ali tndt il maeuccut la the
ne.ycIis. let us .evcreuty c'niuu"c win Naure.
Ice try raise Ou rom ne wary ins acuUnca
Ol tue t. solemn grandeur Ot tnl, Sicu tndt
mperlsuablc OI L,w tdt governs d lusc changes.
t each ol Us s,ly add ess to hInscli rCmJn
s.lance OF tnc minstrel:
"Obl how caust thOu ren0uuce the boundess store
of charms tat Nti.lc 10 ncr Nolai! Alcaaf
n 10 Land l,souIi .ituIe,
the lO.n groves. Tue saILluie 0i utidsi
All tha. genial ray Oi morn H. gnds.
a. tuU tClu,S 90 ii' even.
AL uutdh'a euttei4Ag 0Osum shields,
al % luIgunCcuce OF heaven.
Oh Casl thOu TenuuncV, and hOpc 10 Do forgiven