Macon beacon. [volume] (Macon, Miss.) 1859-1995, 1877-12-08

the small lgobuled milk will be left in the
h1ttermilk if the process of churningi il
STOPPED, when the frst breaking appears,
under the belief that is all. The diff
Guilty will not occur where the cows OF a
ysrd are of uniform milking quality
Formers Home TtFu1L.
Manure.
On tracing agricultural history dewn
tn the earliest times, we find that the
material most extensively employed Tor
msintsining and increasing the fertility
ofthe soil has been the mixture Of urine
and solid excrements Of domestic ami
mails with the various kinds Of straw
used as litter, known as farm.vard
manure, or shortly as dung In 3
speech at an agricultural meeting held
at Holkham, in Lancashire, Lord Els
kins, in referring TO farm-yard manure,
said if we only consider the subject o.
manures, We shall perceive n Of the
most striking bounties and benefits Of
the divine wisdom with which We sre
blessed in a thousand ways without
knowing it. This very substance-the
refuse Of eyerything-had it been useless,
must have accumulated in heaps in
telerably noisome and perpetuslly pesti.
lential but it is every mans interest to
remove these otherwise increasing noun.
tsins Of filth, and BY decomposing them
in certain ways, concealed in a sreat
measure from u sight, it gives increase
TO our fields and adds to the means Of
industry and the rewards OF the husband.
man The study Of such q subitc. a.
dung is by no means repulsiye, L.
illustrates in q most beautiful manner
the natural adoption Of means to ends.
II shows that attn will know no waste.
What the animal world throws Of s.
useless, aud in some cssss IS poisonous.
may he shown to constitute the yerv
%oul Of vegetable life. The dung of ami.
mails consists of that part Of their 'ooi
which goes through the intestinal c;usi
without being asimilltei; the uriRs
containing that portion which has under.
gone assimilation, aOd i sgsin ex.
oreted in consequence Of the changes
which sre going On IN the issues
of the animal, Urine msy r. defined
IS S souewhst dilute solution Of certain
salts tthosa Of potash and soda pfinei.
pallyl sni organic substances known 70
chemists as urea. uric. snd hippur.C
acids, etc, which lstter srs for the most
part rich in that important Co~nsti.uen.
Of all general measureS-BitroEen. Il :
small quantity Of urine be ~egap0rsted
down TO perfect dryneSs, and the residue
obtained heated TO redDess in the sir tor
a few minutes, the organic matters sbo7e
referred to will have burned svsy. and
the inoombus.ible ash remaining will
represent The salts or mineral portion a.
the urine. Human urine heins rich in
nitrogen and phosphoric scid, & necs sssry
constituent Of s good general manure.
has 3 much higher agriculture, -slue
than any other kind %. urine. The nj.
tugen0uS, OF nitTogeu-conlSining Org2nic
matters Of urine sre very prone to the
decomposition. and son UNDERGO feruen.
tatlon or p~utretactIon, when their nitro
gen is almost wholly converted into that
most valuable yet expensive friend OF the
srmer ammonia Freshly excrete,i
urine contains NJ ammonis, bu; on
standing exposed - sir fer s shoT. tine.
fermentation commences with the rssul,
indicated. The ready fermeutabii,v Of
urine exercises a mostheneicial influence
IN the contents Of the dung-heap. When
placed in the soil, or exposed to climatic
influences, ordinary clean straw decon.
poses only very slowly, and If i, were
used as q manure. it would be some esn.
siderable time before lis different cpnstit.
uents would he wholly available IS Plan.
food.
1t is in Fastening the decomposition
Of litter that purifying urine is 70 yslu.
sble in the heap. The urine sets sn the
straw as a ferment, and soon converts its
constituents from an. agriculiurslly
speaking, inactive state into soluble food
for plants. From this it il obvious that
the npening or pttening of " long dung
may be greatly accelerated BY pouring
urine upon it. Il has been practically
proved that a farm-yard manure will h.
the more rapid in its action on crops the
more thoroughly the litter is soaked in
urine and the more completely the straw
has been decomposed or rotted. The
forcing effect produced on land hv
putrid unrine or liquid manure is mainly
due to the quantity of ammonia present
in it. Dung is poor in the ash constituents
of urine, but Is richer in other mineral
matters required by plants. 1t contains
much more phoSphoric acid, a compound
of great Importance to most creps. and
o especially to graminaceous plants
as wheat, barley and oats. Hose-dung
has 8 very loose texture and admits air
more readily, and therefore ferments
sooner than the cold, wet manure of the
COW. Cowdung is poorer in nitrogen
than horse manure under ordinary
circumstances, n in drying does
not crunble down like the latter,
but forms q hard "cheesy" mass, into
which air al net easily penetrate, and
which can not be disturbed 50 uniformly
v the land as h~orse-dung. The latter,
however, contains too little water TO
furnish sgood manure, and unless mixed
with the wet excrement Of TIE COW or
other animals, must be occasionally mois.
tened ith water to prevent the ammo
mia produced BY decomposition from be-
ing lost BY passing into the air. DIR.
Voelcker has recommended to moisten
manure heaps with water, sccidulated
with sulphHric acid (ordiDary oil Of
%vitrOl, to prevent the escape of ammonia.
This proposal has been adopted by some
farmer, who speak highly Of the result.
For my own part, however, | do not
think that any great advantage a fol-
low the use OF acid, for the reason that
II dos net wholly prevent the loss of
ammonia. DR.. Thomas Andersen has
also expressed his doubts Is to the utility
Of accidulated water for m0istening dung
heap& On comparing the quantities Of
nitrogen present in urine and dung. a
- a faund tOarid A..