The New York herald., 1877-10-31
THE EPISCOPAL CONGRESS.

al do like 10 hear good churchmen at III" was the
exclamation Of an admiring sceptc as he listened 70
tho addresses mado at Chickering Hail last night,
where the Protestant Episcopal Church Of the United
States holding the second session OF Its iourth
annual Congress. The first session was held AZ noon.
Right Row Horatio Potter Bishop Of the diocese IN
which the Convention Is hold occupied the chair, and
among the prominent divincs present wcrc Bishops
Littiejohn, OF Long Island; Wilmer OF louisiana
Elliott, OF Georgia; Lay, Of Enson, Nd; Clarke Of
Rhvde Island; Whipple OF Minnesota; Hare, OF Ne
braska Clarkson OF Colorado = Tule, OF Utah; Row.
T. U. Dudley. ID. D., Assistant Bishop OF kentucky;
Rev. r. j. Neviu, D. D., OF ST. Paul's church, Rome,
. Italy; Rev. Hugh Miller Thompson D. D., OF New Or
leans; Rev. J. s. Haucket, OF Virginia; Rev. John
Fulton, OF Milwaukee,; Rev. !. c. Ever, d. D., OF the
Church OF ST. lgnatius Rev. +. A. Henry, Of Boston;
Rev. J. $. shipman, of Kentucky; Rev W. W. New
ton, OF Philadelphia; Rev. John Vaughan Lewis OF
Washington: Rev. j. w. Brown OF Detroit, and most
OF the city clergy. Among the prominent laymen
werc Hon. John Jay, ex-lndian Commissioners
Felix K. Brunot and John Welch, william
p. johnson, OF Washington and Lee Col
jege. virginia; Professor Cowiing N. D.; Pro-
fcssor Babcock Judge Otis, OF Chicago; Lewis
W. Dela6ed, Montgomery Blair, General G. c. Augar
and Samuel s. Babcock. The meeting OF the Con-
grcss preceded by the reading OF morning prayer
and the communion service at Trinity chapel in
Bishop Ohio, and DR.. Weston, OF ST. Johns Church.
conducting tho scrvices and Bishop Potter officiating
at tho celebration OF tho Holy Communion.
CHURCH ARCHITECTURE
Tho frst object OF discussion when thu Congress
organized was "The Church Architecture that Wo
Need"
Mr.. Richard NJ II unit introduced tho first
speaker All nations all ages, sad had devoted
grent attention TO the shrines and temples Of tncir
Ho ibpdfh ho hnai iIlCng
sing from these the early Christian basilicas, OF
which he gave minute description. Hc dwe on The
OF The Byzantine style OF architecture
and described noted edihces. Continuing. he traced
the history of church architecture in Europe showing
tho various changes which occurred until tho gloomy
Ronancyque church wns succeeded by the Gothic
cathedral Tho speaker favored he crnciiorm style OF
church architecture and thought that the Byzantine
furnished the most desirable form for the modern
Protestant church. Persons should bear 10 mind mat
archaeology not architecture and traditions should
not be blindy adhered to.
Bishop Potter remarked that the speakers obser-
va,ions reminded MIN OF comment made on @ hnc
very fine church, with only two dciects-one
could neither hear nor SEQ IN IT, daughter.
Mr. Emyn Lyttel, oil This CITY, read n paper on the
same subject and was followed by Rev. B. }. Ncvlns,
D. d., Of Rome Italy, who read paper prepared on
The same topic by the late Rev W. A. Mcvicker, d. u.
II dcplorcd that this age when the popular
mind favored carved ana gided aiars and picturesque
and decorated churches, and said better 10 Ix
the mind the worship and glory OF God, and not on
the gorgeousncss OF the altar.
Rev. @. w. WBru, OF Providence, X. J., spoke on
tho same subject. Ito advocated the lighting OF
churches from the rooi after the manner OF theatres
or lecture halls and the building OF churches
where the people could hear tho Gospel
A recess was then taken until hali-past seven
o'clock in the evening.
BISHOP LrTrLEJoHS's PAPER.
When the Congress rcassemblcd the hall
crowdcd-aoor amt gaer!cs-with intelligent and
Earnest gentlemen and ladies'. who manifested the
greatest interest the proceedings. Tho rst paper
was road BY the Right Rev. A. N. Littejohn, D. D.,
Bishop OF Long Island. In II he traced the OF
tho beng aud authority OF the Church ana Of the
State, with view OF showing how we had arrived
The summit OF modern thought-namely, tho har-
monZlng of the relations between the and the
spiritual powcr-aLd also 10 show The rational we'll
State. Ideally they are aud must be at agreement
throughout tho sweep OF the reciprocal influence.
Actually. historically, owing TO The force OF Their
speak Of tho more urgent though oiton css obvious
duties OF the Church to the nation and society The
first and highest DUTY OF the Church in times like
these, he SAID, IS 10 vindicatc not only us right
but its moral fitness TO sway all life beneath
organism OF society, "Come up higher; this is
The way. walk ye in IT," rho next point made by tho
Bishop was that the Church must show large wis
dom and forcthought In the application OF its inherent
powers OF social amendment and rege neratloH. The
churchs best work was a, root OF tho treo Of
social lie, upon The diseased branches dried
leaves. FIRST II was the duty OF the Church
remind constantly. boldly, that whatever CO.
hesion, continuity, unity. vitality has, are ouc
before all else tho fact that It's mission well
very being rests upon the ordinances Of God-that ts
utmost life is essentially moral lite which can DC
found only It is true to the eternal law uttcrng
itself in providence and history well in the
ef mans moral nature only as II proves itself sub
jcct 10 moral discipline; that society was created
for something n0ber than tho advancement OF material
interests individual culture; that II IS one Of
Gods Instruments Tor working earth OF
great ideas forming the essence OF ail we know OF
morality, justice, right truth. love- liberty. Hstori
eally thcse among the principles OF all civil
izat,on theolog'caliy they are among the essential
SIMPLY OF the divine methods OF clothing
them with practical power-setting them Ia
motion the wheels OF human progress. All these
governing power shall al any gwen time be lodged
gation OF the spiritual authority in It's contact with
the State. And never was this true now,
when a school OF thinkers as well as Of statesmen
has grown up In midst. aud whose teachings are
tho seed OF the harvest OF disasters young lilo
in this natona school which not only separates tho
State from the Church external corporation but
from God It's internal Lawgvcr, thus stripping the
state OF It's sacrcdncss and sunderlng It's hold upon
The thought OF the time, Bishop I.ittlcjohn rc
Marked has no difficult important problem
pressing upon u than that Of maintaining the due
equilibrium Of the state and the individual The
Church be and ought 10 be OF great service
aens a"a SO prus,ul or evo1x 1,s iunda
hrcatening 0nd often disastrous political agita-
t,on, and IN our own OF certain wild theories witch
are regarded very dangerous only because time
enough not elapsed TO develop Their practical
ings The Greeks ana Romans thought that the udi-
vdua existed alone for the State and that the STATE
nonc existed end in itself. The old custom has
been reversed. aud II is held that tho exists
for the individual and that the latter alone exists as
an end alone himself History tells OF what be-
came OF the theories on this subject OF Plato and
Aristotle; but 1t has yet to tell us what viii
become Of tho thinking Of a breed OF philosophers
beginning in modern times with Rosseau aud ending
with Herbert Spencer and now shaping the popular
belief as to the supremacy OF the individual rho
speaker proceeded 70 show by arguments and his
torical citation how IRON this modern poIiti-
cal conception OF tho supremacy OF the
Individual there must arise, all proba
bilty political anarchy tho one side and
servty Of personal character produced by crlnpinp
submission TO social maJorltlcs the other. He
went TO snow how the church, reformed and re-
stored to It's scriptural and ancient pattern. could
deal practically with This question Of tho rcconcia-
tion OF liberty with authority OF individual with cor
porato life.
Again, he said. the Church has voco OF command
and instruction Tor society touching those rrc
pressble inevitable instincts OF humanity which
cry in dreams or In PHILOSOPHERS, or Ia battles or
IN revolutions for liberty, equality and fraternity
st. Paul Athens could not shrine of the
false gods until he pointed out the throne OF the
true God in revelations Bishop Littlclohn con.
tended that the Church to-day must interpret and
guido that cry, for was the voice OF heaven sent
movement the pcrversions OF which alone aro of
rhoua rQtnns rnnH I'm pIv lao, q