, 1877-07-18
And Ttuux,,.s the President as Having
Lone Just What It Was Hts
Duty to Do,

patriotism Of Gor. Hampton, as citizen Of the
United States. desire to record my protest
trainst That Woodatock speech. hold that the
President, In dealing with the two States Of South
Carolina and Louisiana, llas done Just what II
was h!s duty to do. Whether lc has done what
thc Republican party Or It's nominating COLI
'entlon, c1uecteI Of him, l neither know nor
whether he has acted In accordance with tho
letter and meaning OF the Constitution. Theirs
IA no need Of my replying In detail to uoE.
Ch.mber'ans elaborate and eloquent ofation. 1.1o
taking TO answer IT,. Holding that tbs Consti;
tuition Ut the United States IL . document level
70 tho intelligence Of all Intelligent citizens,
% 9ff So or sonan aaas. the '
founded: ....-.
The United States shsil guarantee - to crery state
In thia Union d republican form o. government.
sn On app1IeS,ion % of tho Legislature, or liz
Executive iwhrn Tho Legislature cannot be eon.
yseael', against domestic 'io'enes'-Ar'. W.
This section was intended to tell jast what
tucut Of State, *tn this unton." is among tho
po"ffd u a. ns N.oaa a,a g e asa Wiz Is e
extent OF tho duty,-what the limit Of tue
powcrsf
/. 70 each State in tho Union there ia
FORM ot xo.cfnracnt. Of course, The Nat!ona!
Government IL invested with tho constitutional
power Of performing that; duty. The phrase
"repuhllcan forfn: OF .goyernment" must m os
wlscu the Constitution. was formed md
adopted. Therefore. Tic, phraso does PCT
mean {wi.at. soma people seem to think
is somehow included tn ~ government
came into existence about twent!y-iivo years ago.
Nor does It mean government By universal auf.
fFagc; for wl!ut We now mean BY ,tn,vcrtal sut-
fragc did not exist in any of the States which
tlonal government. Nor docs 1t lnean govern
ineut hy honest votes honcstly counted; for It
would hc prcpostcrous to suppose that any
Stutc In 1s6J would or could have entertained
thu thought ot surrcndcring tne custody Of it,
own baiiut-boxcs or the counting OF ill., votes to
nnY power outside Of Itself. Nor docs the
phraso mean even democratic In distinction
iFnln an aristo:Fatsc Govafn.nGnt: ior thc Msn
tell!gent people In those days, knew that
there had Mcn and we.o then ar!sto-
eta!s rern1lIss a, t.. vet e.on orsS,ns. ds%o
s"furm" without significance, II limits tic
duty nf tho National GoyerpMsnt anil It's power
OF interference. Great Britain y to-day o r.
House Of Commons. wl.tlc It has tho form Of
monarchy. TITO great rity Of Now Yor! had q
republican form of government when Tweed
;s N iaet IT, e oK e. 4aa II
government n-tl,duuh lts administration be
ever 80 proaIsatc; though tts Governor b,
murderer whom i elvllzed State wouId con-
senni aud brutal; i! !'ugh i. legislators be -
Ignorant Us "tlcl.i hands. :" from sca-lsland
plantat!on-tllouRh It's elections be a sham,
and vinlcnro nnd fraud be the dominant
Goyefumont ha. no duty and 10 riRht
\of Interference. Hut II tho form Of Govern
S1ncnt bo rlAugcd from republican to mon
hsrhivat-0r II tho statc he found In colIdttton
~. Anarchy-ns certain Statcs were found a few
jycars a@o-that ls n case In WHICH tho United
(Htatcs must interfere. ........
.. Tue United States must protect each State
t'against inrls!on." Whether tho Invasion be
,}preign Koycrmuent, or (as on tho Texts trouttor
Xust Nowl hy batltts 1t plundcrcrs from
faetshloring nation, O. b5 orsa4!zca bodies OF
h,en froui uuothcr S.ute. tile Invasion Ut my
Enu rntctl States sa.9l the National tloyern-
lncnt IL authorized anil required to rcpcl II. No
request or formal Information from tile anthoTt-
ties Of The invaded htatc 70 necessary. The In
the nattqu; aud tho nat!on, sccsitiv9 III cTcry
part, takes notice of 1t aud rcpcls II.
.. Ills United States must protect eacl State
''uga!nst domestic Violence" But !n th!s case
which there IL 10 right or duly Of Interference.
The duty asrl the right of such Interference ln
the afIairs Of n STATE arise only "On appltca-
tlon " fFom TIE authorities II thst s.ate, "ap.
s. ealLh ho convened. application 'ot tue Exccutlyo
when the Legislature cnnnot b. epnvciIcl." -"
u0mc4t!c VIOLENCE In any State OF thls unton IL
matter for tic Stats itself to t1cal with. The
State itself, acting through its constituted uu-
thorit!es. Is to decide whether II needs urotee-
ton froul abroad; aud NJ ttH tall tho tiovcrt,-
nlsIN bI tbs United States {or, us determined BY
statute. tllo frcsilcut) ls constltut!onslly cui-
4, fr1Fa fhA iAatfstt1
tection.
II ''tlomcstfc violence " in State 10 like the
old-tlmo 6t,ay'x rebellion In Massachusetts, or
like tha whisky insrrrrction IN Pennsylvania
long a4o,-if It IL Hierelyn riotous upsEsink
2zaluat established orler,-tho duty ot the na-
tion 10 protect that 5tata Is 10 clear. aud thu
certainty Of prntn},t aud efficient protection by
tho Whole power t't tls nation u 70 we'll known,
that l1lstancts of that surt ase ntrcqucnt A our
htstosy. Every atate, IN tho or1lnary course OF
events, Is perfectly ahlc to keep tho peaec With
III " own borders without help ffonl abroad.
ant! the tnore able because Of the uutstla lclll
which will certainly GONE II called for.
hut State MAY uceI tn 10 protected against
domestic sloA ncu " vi another surt. Sotpu Ut
u ale old enough 10 remember tbs u Dorr re-
hcl!ton.n which wAs W4rA tho great usa of tho
present KencrasluM were buys, Or perhaps wcro
/ not vet burn. 'f!lero wero two Governors In
that brave little state, two Legislatures, two
Combinations; everything political was double.
II Que military organization WAS In arlns against
Il ming OF civil war; and ono side or tho other,
p perhaps BOTH called OIL the President to protect
~ that Stats against domestic vlolencc. Gov.
Dorr insisted that he was 0ovvruor do tuEe
tho only lawful and ngnttul CAlrf Magistrate
Of Rhode Island. aud on the principles tber
profrssed and held tY thy Derorsat!c party,
he was right, Tn the other hand, the uthet
Governor insisted that the |us--tLe Law
the rteht-.was On hls *ide, aud that The State
the State a. governed by t.l.n. Al this present
writing J eanaot refer to documents That NIGH
an surc Of thr fltal defect In 0oy Durr'l
case was that, whatever he might be d Jsrt, he
wns uot " faetv Governor ot khodo Islanu; ami
the conclusion oi the wlole matter was that 10
no other fault than Ills uttenpt tu maintain b.
fotcr of arms bis psetensiou to l.c Governor, y
was condemned 70 the rcnltenltasy. ~ u IT.
lelattous with foreign powers, our saslona
Gosefnneut never inIuiEcs wla oG4ss 70 ts, bn
only who il. Emperor, King, Sutau, Or f1Gsl
tIeut,-so in Its Relations with stalea 10 tlli
t'on, it does never luVuisu (uad H.Ist 't<1xr .
frt.fe! to i"9uirel who Il Governor dc jHre, bu
only wno Ia tioyernur de faeio.
The problem which President Hayes mad 4
IL StI1t1l lSu