Weekly Trinity journal., 1877-06-09
NUMBER %.
RUSSO-TURKISH WARS.

L
overthrown Eastern Empire into Europe,
there vet remains only the Austrian and
Russian Emnires to contruut him. The
Eastern Empire went down und,r his
blows, and he made its capital hi. y inci-
p',l city. The Kingdom of S,rvh went
down aher short struggle. Venice,
which dealt him the ha,d,St blows. On
sen. aud Poland, which crushed hi inv nd.
ing armies under the walls OF Vienna,
live only in history.
But the Russians, who were Just strug-
Cling into national existence when tho
Turks were in the fullest blaze nf Their
| glory, th,ew down the vagr "l ha' IL 10
them, and have kept throwing il down ut
frequently recurring Intervals ever since.
The Turk aud Russ helirve III, m,elves
tr be natural enemies. and It would Stem
that centuries OF chronic war'Rir, In
which millions at both have been slain,
aud countless mill"ns at ruublrs' h@s
Indicted, would ccrtainly ju fv the ~-
Sumption that thew ARE. RdSsia lns had
occasional wars with other p,w -. She
maintained hng conaict with sweden,
aud mingled in the war, at the Nupo-
leonic period, hut MI these we're bv.plav;
| Turkey was always the inlget or her
heaviest blows.
The history of these STRUGGLES 81 mod
ern Times begins with tn" war q Peter
the q rent, about two hund cd wears ngo.
| Peter, ms all Russian munalchs have
since, wanted the Black Sea, f,r naval
purposes. He watched his uppn' tuni,v,
when the Ottoman Porte was having just
~ much ~ II c.m Il get along with ia
Struggle with the Vrnrtians, and h., EN-
peror ot Germany, he declared war. Ha
lmd his amy we'll IN hnnd, descended
the Don with celebrity, and captured tho
lmp,rtent fortress OF Act, ut It's mnuth,
Tie had built twelve Vmed vessels, With
which h. defeated the 1u,ki.h A,rt, md
rendered tho victory complete.
Fifteen Years later another war hr"ke
out. ~ d Peter, with his accustomed en-
ergv, waS soun NJ .jas~v NJ the head nt u
body Of tr"ps. But in plnce nf the 800
900 men which he expected tn l,Hd, nuy
Al, 900 could br gotten together uud r hi.
hnhnr"s in tlma Ia meet the TUT on the
banks of the PruIh. Two hundred thou.
sand OF these latter as-niled the inirrud
Russians, battle of three days lnsird in
which Mu.coNite discipline aud ,t,ndi
ness provrd match Tor the sup rinr
numbers and hrndlnng courage at tho
Turks. But the army wns cut off IN
supplies and must stnrv" or surrender. -
Peters wife Katherine. u woman ~ z rat
ability aud resources. took the NM are-
mrnt of negotiations with the Tu ki h
conm,ndrr, and succeeded IN hihi x
him with her jewels to consent tn let 'ho
Russian army gn it the Czar would nptco
to n humllaling peace, which was done.
Azuf aud other ports on the Black Sea
were given up aud Russian navigation of
the Black Sea prohibited.
Potter begun preparing 10 renew tho
war, but died before be could carry HE
plan, into execution.
The Empress AIMS armies advanced
tp the south IN l7l7 aud by recnptu ing
Aznf hrgan n war which lnst"d three
wears, cost Russin 100000 men aud m
immense nnuuI.t uf money, hut gHiu,d
really nnthing. Azut wns taken from tho
Tuks, hut the trrnlv of peace provided
that H. should be abandoned by bath par-
ties.
In 1902 the energetic knthe in" IL.
come Ia the throne. aud Ku~sm hrpnn to
make substantial hendwav npnini her
I ancient enemy She declared WA against
Turkey in 1867. and in that ycHr her mr.
mics possessed themselves of hr whole
northern coast ~ the Mouth So lr"n
Aznf to the Danube .Jn-sy ard Bmilov
were tnken M amy at ~. .O00 Tu X. wns
crushed on the hnuks al III" PIuih an
other of l5O 900 WIS dr.tiovrd un tho
banks ~ the Danube. with lo-s ~ 80,
900 drnd A Russian fleet sailed ia nlIuh
the Mediterranean to take the Turks in
the r,.nr; the Grerks were IN rclrlliun.
terrible mns ,acres ensurd. now at Greeks
then of Turk. the Turkish feet wn. de-
sirnyed ufi Scio, mud the Ottoman power
seemed 10 be on the point OF collhp.iug
I In IVA piece wns patched up. by n
! treaty which give Russia important nd
vantnges everywhere. Hn,lilries only
} nnminnlly ceased, hnwrver, and series
OF minor operations were kept up against
the Muhammrdnn tribes and powers in
sympathy with Turkey. IL l7H7 open
war broke out again, aud in thr five wears
of hostility tho great Suwa'rnw carried
fire aud destrnctIn through Turkish ter
ritnrie.. Again II seemed u II Rather
inc would realize her iavolite dream oi
placing her grandson Constantine Upon
the throne in Cnnstantinople. Peace
was Declared in 1872, hut III" war OPENED
again in 1897. Russia was bv thi- Tins
ton much involved in Western Europe
! u paw much attention IL Turkey. Yd : Ia
! war langui-hed until 1911, when Il 'ud-
{ dnly began t0 Innm up again, hut MAS
qui ted down by the French invasion "f
&, Rl-sh.
The next war hegan in 1928 and lasted
tWO Yea =, resulting ~ me M lhhN If"
3 etrniing ~ fnr rs Ad inn"pie J. % miles
from C.,nslnntinop a-and di ihtlng "a
Vprv advantageous pice.
Tho next wnr-kr,nwn ~ the Crimean
5 W,r-hrvan IN lSh3, u 4 srd three
4 VA, hu, ended in Rnssin' los ny So e.
nj yerv INN ,rtnnt advantages ~ tern pty
and prestivt., uwing ti III" a~sl. u e" CIV
: en- Turkey hv France aud England
Toledo Blade.