New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1877-04-03
NEW PUBLICATIONS.

dali Hour seTJesI 2imo. PIP ga Harper n Brothers
In this vigorous essay, Mr.. Freeman brings
his historical knowledge and sagaciy To the uscu
sion the Turkish question, examining inc Poitlo
destiny 81 the Turk in the light of his past history WIN
mastery compression and clearness OF statement ho
supplies the information essential to an m'ellS'" ""
dersIandng Of the subject hut which on account oi It's
complicated and Obscure details il naccessibie Without
course OF exact study that usually places oe!ohu '
reach of the general reader. Mr Freeman si"c'u
ton lies IN nutshell As he puts the natter tue i',ol-
est OF Turkey and the interest OF the TURKS arot"o
opposite things when cali certain part Oh "loI1
Turkey IL does not mean that the people oI '"o "''
are Turks but only that the people of the lana are "c
an bondage by The Turks. The Turks are not the oou
trymen Of the people of Turkey but foreign enemies en-
caipg among them The ruler Of the Turks is not l"e
national sovereign Of the people OF turkey Dt s"S
the chief OF their foreign enemies He gives en' no
urotectiou and they owe him no allegiance Ill "ne
word the Turks in Europe are simply foreign army
canned In that part Of Europe which from thelr en-
o,upment Is called Turkey Yetthis epcampnent began
not less than five hundred years ago In most places
when conquest has the date OF Ave hundred years. 'e
oonoeros and the conquered have made up ther di"o
ences aud have settled down as one people uoet one
government with Turkey The reason Is because
The Turk share any OF the things which ou e
,atous of Europe together Above all because he pro
sossrs religion which binders him from over having any
hare in them. To all the nations oil Europe nc Is an
Nen in blood an alien in language and an alien IN re-
Iron In way IN which OF those nations are Aliens
90 one another For instance the Turk has no snare Va
the blood and language Of the people OF Europe Inc
original Turks belong quite another family from mat
Of the great Of the European nations TINS, III
itself would not indeed make common fellowship I'M
possible The original Bulgarians came into Europe as
barbarian invaders just centuries before the Oo
man Turks But the Bugarians gradually adopted the
manners and language Of the nations among whom they
settled They lost III the mass OF their ScaNohc
neghbors that the modern BuigaraDs are soaNohc
people bearing the Bulgarian name Two hundred years
later than the Bulgarans came the Magyars' people
equally allen to the nations of Europe The Magyar nave
not been lost in the same way the Bugarians among
the surrounding people. Tncy still remain dlsthc'
people aud speak their tongue. But IN other thhSs
they adopted the religion and manners OF EUROPE ana
have been counted for ages European nation. Bat
the Ottoman Turk, far from being like the Bulgarian
has NOT even beeu Ike the Magyar He has not become
European in any sense. few Europeans, at various
times have Joined the Turks Many OF She actual turks
are now Of European blood. But this has not maze
them, as a body, Europeans. Those VINO nave Joih'u
them have ceased be Europeans but they have not
made Europeans OF the Turks Moreover the Turks rave
M share IN the histories and memories that are common
10 Europe As a people they know nothing OF tue
European languages, literature, and culture Inc"
literature and culture, so far as they nave any
sfill remain tie literature and culture oil Tue
East SIN further, the Turks have never embraced
the religion of Europe which is in fact the main diner
epce and the key all the other differences This the
Bulgarans and Macyars did Hence the Bulgarans ana
Magyars have become less thoroughly Ed
ropean while the Turk has never become European
From the difference in religion between the Turks ana
Euronean nations follows a complete difference III their
political socia and moral system. IL is impossible Tor
the Turks really enter into European fellowship be-
cause their religion allows q social and nQriu state
wholly different from that which all European nations
hold to be right The rule of the Turks in Europe
therefore, can never he a national government
They have nowhere become the people OF the
land but have simply held the people of The
land in bondage. They have been only foreign
o,nrcssors whose oppression has been always
growing worse and This state OF things must
ALWAYS continue long the Turk keeps his power
TIE Turk cannot reform because the principles OF ms re-
leie forbid Inn 10 reform. So long as he remains Mo
hairodan he cannot be anything but foreign ruler
over subject nations in their own land This is fully vcri
Gel by the facts OF experience. All the pretended Turk
ish reform, have only throw dust III the eyes Of
Europe Christians everywhere dealt with as bonds
men. Tic Nohammcd3n is armed and the Christian Is
unarncd The Mohtmmrdan rules and tie Christian
has 10 obey. The Mohanmcian sits in the so-caiied
court OF Justice, and refuses 20 take the evidence OF
the Christian against the Mohammedan offender
Hence NJ. Freeman arrives at the conclusion that
as All the power OF tic TURF Ia purely evil and cannot
be reformed +: GiIst be dealt with should deal
with ans UhcT evil that is past remedy The great mis-
take Of an Eag5pcan Powers for long time past has
been that Of treating the Turks as one Of Themselves
But the whole course OF history shows that the power 81
thr Turks not a government in the sense IN watch We
amply that word to the powers which bear rule in any
ctyiscd state 1t IS mistake speak Oft govern
inent Its luia IL rnsgovcrnmen Its fault is,
not that II governs badly but that il does l govern at
all. The Tux las never given a government to the
pepule he has cOnGUeTcd His RUE has been rue oil
brute loren. vi org5uzsd bri-ardage. He IN
as ruhpor. ana he remains rohber. The
issue then j. simple. The direct rule Of
IL.
BROUGHT g. un end. The eHstycd nations % south
eastern EGrope dUs' Ge delivered from the rule OF force
and PEI; an lc; tho rue Of law. Government must be
made tLc thc place q brirGndasc The TUX must
have no voice ir te selection oi ae rulers Of Bulgaria, Of
Busuia Herzegovina, Of Eprus Thcssaly, or Crete,
ANY more ta be- has choice % rulers 10 Scry!a or
Eo.uuauit. Just.ce REASON. and humanity demand thai
rule 81 the Turk in EOpc should r got rio Of ana The
time IN, getting ria 10 Lac such are heiesults
al Mr Frtcuns study Of tie question, Which he main
tans wi; passionate earncstncss ~ proportion to Tie
Intensity 10 ni, convictions lie makes no claim 20 an
Impartial statement % view % the subject but
bis own ana e- htl. coguilancc OF the practical din
cuiics ia the way solving tic problem. But Ills essay
viii attract attention Ivy ,hc energy 81 It's style and the
coionsntss OF ~ information, even It's reasoning Is
not cpL.d 40 a conclusive argument
rnE LIFE AID WRITINGS OF ST. JOIN, Ply JANEs
Very i.e,rreIi : lC~sos D. D., Dean Of Chester. 5yo
~. 40. SCrbacr, Armstrong, * CO.
The premature death OF the author OF thus
work while il sheets were passing through tn press.
gives peculiar interest the publication. Dr. MAJ
donald was a native % New England, Of scottl-irish