davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1877-10-20
SOVEREIGNTY

in the United States is divided into
three departments, legislative, executive
and judicial. The executive depart
ment is again divided into various sub
divisions, as the Navy, War,and Treasu-
ry Departments. In each of those sub
divisions the executive power OF
sovereignty uses appropriate Instruments
in the execution of the sovereign will
tpeople's why. Ships of war, guns, forts,
and arsenals are used in the Navy and
War Departments. In the treasury
Department currency is the instrument
by and through which the sovereign
(money power) executes, measures,
pays and guarantees equal values.
Therefore, national currency is the In
strument through which the money
power of sovereignty acts, and money
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1877-10-20

is tie sovereign powsr acting through
national currency. Now drop the logic
of the question for moment, and weigh
the
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
Prohibition In Maine.

In recent letter General Neal Dow thus
speaks on the effects of prohibitory legislation
in Maine, after twenty-six years trial. "The
liquor traffic in Maine is reduced to very
small proportions and is entirely suppressed,
except in two or three of the larger towns,
aud is there confined to the lowest and vilest
part of the foreign population, and is carried
on with the utmost secrecy and caution, and
it will continue in that way until it shall be
declared by law TO be felony, and be pun
ished as SUCH and it will very soon come to
that in Maine. There is now no one in this
state engaged however covertly, in the liz
uor traffic, except such as are willing to
hazard the house of correction for the sake
of the large profits. He also says: =" re-
peat here that there never was time when
the policy of prohibition to the liquor traffic
was more firmly established in the public
opinion of Maine than it is now. The orig
inal Maine law was passed through the legis-
lature of 1851 by vote of eighty-six to
forty in the house, and eighteen TO ten in
the senate. At the last session of our leg
stature January 1877, after an experience
of twenty-six years of the results of prohibit
ton, an act additional with greatly in
creased penalties, passed through both houses
without dissenting vote, This remarkable
fact indicates the opinion and the deliberate
resolve of the people of Maine upon the
matter better than any quantity of speeches
and resolutions and temperance meetings
could do it. The people of Maine regard the
liquor traffic as the gigantic crime of crimes,
and the time is not far distant when it will
he treated as such in our laws"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
Letter from the West.
Somehow, midway between the oceans foam
| chose pleasant spot. and called 1t home.

chose pleasant spot and called 1t home.
The genuine Dubuquer, like the Parisenne,
holds an abiding faith and love for his own city
New York NAV boast her wealth. Washington her
gaiety, Boston her literary attachments and st.
Louis her pride but Dubuque has her enterprise
and freedom of thought. The Teutonic element
enters somewhat into the life of the place, but her
staunch New England stock, though holding
broader views, vet holds like an anchor the drift
ing foreign element that makes up quite feature
of society While of sabbath morning the many
church bells chime and jungle, the soft strains of
Strauss or Weber float out over the water, or in
at the open easement, as steamer loaded with
axcursinnists starts ort fron tho lavea mr. a
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
A New Discovery.

The great telescope of the naval observ
atory at Washington has just signalized
itself, in the hands of Professor Hall, by
one of the most remarkable additions to
modern astronomy-the discovery of one
satellite and probably two, to the planet Mars
About eleven o'clock Thursday, August 10,
Professor Hall noticed very small star
following Mars few seconds, and made an
estimate of its distance from the planet
Two hours later he looked again, and was
surprised to fluid that the star seemed to he
still following the planet. The distance had
not increased, while the planet was moving
away at the rate of fifteen seconds an hour.
lie then made "A careful series of measures,
which showed that the satellite was eighty
seconds from the planet. An hour later it
was still there, but Mr.. Hall made no fur
ther observations, hardly crediting the great
discovery he had made. On Friday morn
ing he showed his observations tn Professor
Newcomb, who was so confident that the
object must be a satellite, that he calculated
roughly the time of its revolution, which he
fixed at one day eight hours, or little less.
This showed that the object would pass be-
hind the planet some time during the fol-
lowing night, and that if not seen in early
evening, it would reappear before daylight
in the morning. In the evening it was in
visible, but reappeared, true to the predic-
ton, about one o'clock in the morning, with
Il companion satellite. Professor Hall had
now so little doubt of the reality of the
object that he made the discovery known to
Admiral Rogers, the superintendent. 1t
was still thought best to wait for another
look before formally announcing the dis
covery, especially as Professor Newcomb's
calculation showed that it would be on the
opposite side of the planet on Saturday
evening. Hardly was the telescope turned
on Mars when the satellite was seen, and its
position determined by several of the as
tronomers. In the course of the evening, an
object, which might be another satellite,
much closer to the planet, was found by Mr..
Todd, but nothing could be determined re-
speeding the time of its revolution. The OBJ
servatons of the first satellite showed
its time of revolution TO he about thirty
hours but several weeks observation will be
required to settle this exactly.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
Goodbye, Summer |!

The calendar, the weather, and the throngs
of school children all join to remind us that
the summer is over and gone, and sober au.
tumn has usurped its place. The beautiful
summer of 1877 long will it be remembered
for its surprising loveliness, the beauty of
early June lingering until September. The
frequent rain-fals, coming just when most
needed have kept nature constantly at her
best, so that outdoor existence has been a
continual JOY. 1t is something almost be-
yond remembrance to see New England
summer pass with no parched hillsides or
meadows, but with the fields and trees as fresh
and green as when spring departed This has
given enjoyment that money could not buy
to the thousands who have neither money
nor time to visit the mountains the country
or the beach, but have found equal health
and pleasure in nature near at home. And
the summer will be especially memorable
throughout this country for the wonderful
crops, the reported yield Of the food staples
being unprecedented harbinger, as we all
hope, of the return of good times, for the
success of the farmers work is one of the
chief corner-stones of our national prosperity.
The seasons have been tempered just right
for the growth of all the crops, and thus far
the harvest has been remarkably prosperous.
In view OF the beauties aud the bounties of
the season, surely our approaching Thanks
giving ought not to be mere formality, but
a service full of spirit and truth
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05

The last number of the North american Re
view contains very able abstract from Judge
+. w. Stoughton, in answer to Jerry Black S
impatient attack upon the electoral commits
sion. In speaking of Judge Stoughton S
essay even the New York World is moved to
say 1.-The first real point Mr.. Stoughton
makes is one which has been so often made,
in these columns as well as in other places,
that it seems hardly worth while to discuss
it again. 1t is that if there was any d" con-
spiracy" at all in the formation of the
electoral commission the representatives of
both parties were equally guilty of it. If
there was any difference, the democratic
party was the more guilty because the most
pronounced opposition to the plan in Con-
gress came from Republican leaders. If the
conspiracy was a conspiracy in the commits
sion itself, then all the Republican members
of the commission were privy to it. Judge
Bradley has somehow got to be considered
the chief of sinners, apparently because, be-
ing the last commissioner chosen, he was ex-
pected to act as sort OF umpire between
seven democrats and seven Republicans. 1t
is unnecessary to say that there was no more
ground for expecting this of him than of
any other of the fifteen. A conspiracy in
the commission must mean that the eight
men who voted to count Florida, Louisiana
aud Oregon for Hayes made an actual or
x,irtua1 10. ri tba Ia Il
evidence, which anybody can allege, but
which nobody in his right mind will be
quick to believe
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
Death OF Brigham Young.

This noted parsonage died at Salt Lake
City, on Wednesday, August Goth, at the
age of seventy-six. His death was caused by
cholera morbus, induced by overeating while
excessively heated. He was born in Whiting
ham, Wndham county, Vermont, June LIST,
1901, the son of farmer His education
was very limited, and he learned the trade
of painter and glazier. lie was member
preached occasionally, In 1882 he joined
the Mormons at Kirkland, Ohio, was or
dained elder and became one of their twelve
apostles. In 1914 he succeeded Joseph
Smith as president. After the revocation
of the charter of Nauvoo, Illinois, and the
cannonading of the city, Young and his fol-
lowers marched westward and founded Salt
Lake City in 1917. lie was the absolute
ruler of the Church of Latter Day Saints,
aud was at heart rebel against the author
ity of the United States. In 1910 he or
ganized the state of Deseret, and applied for
admission to the Union. Congress refused
the application, but in 1850 organized the
territory of Utah, and Young was made gov
ernor for four years. The orthodox Nor
mons hold that it is still the state of Deseret,
ruled by the church, and to large extent
this has been practically true In 1854, on
the appointment of new governor, Young
began to defy the authority of the govern.
ment. In 1857 President Buchanan sent
out Governor Alfred Cummings and mil.
itary force of two Thousand men, under
Albert Sidney Johnston. The breastworks
still exist on the cliffs of Echo canyon
which the Mormon troops threw up to oppose
them. But the Mormons backed down In
1852 Young announced polygamy as the
celestial law of marriage" declaring that
it had been revealed to Joe Smith in 1913
which the widow and her four sons pro
nounced fraud. Young has had seventeen
or eighteen wives, and fifty or sixty children
by them, besides whom he has several dozer
spiritual wives 1t has always beer
alleged that Young had taken to himself
great wealth, but that is not certain, though
he raised a great revenue and despotcall,
controlled it. II is possible aud TO be hoped
that tine differences of opinion known t.
exist in the church may be seriously mani
tested now, but it is not 10 be overlooked
that there is a powerful bond of union asi2,
from Young's personal influence. After ly
ing in state in the tabernacle, where he hat
been for so many years the central figure
Brigham Young was, on Sunday last, carried
to the grave. Four years before his dealt
the head of the Mormon church wrote on
minute instructions for his funeral and in
terment these seem TO have been scrupu
lousy obeyed The ceremony at the taber
nacle was simple, but impressive. Nearl,
all the widows children, and grandchildren
were present. Nothing was said by any o
the speakers about the succession. The
tomb in which the body was laid is on,
which the prophet had built in his lifetim,
for its reception. 1t is emnently character
istic of the man that he should have foI
hidden his widows to conform TO the fash
ions of the Gentiles in the matter of buyinl
mourning
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
The Eastern War.

A week ago the Turks Were fighting with
pass. This contest is still kept up, although
the attacks are not now made so much with
the expectation of taking the pass by direct
assault, as to keep the enemy engaged.
direct attack, he now proposes to do by a
flank march, The fighting has been sufii-
Client to show that the Turks have yet left
those qualities that gave them the reputation
of being fighters. 1t seems probable that
the Russians will be able to hold the pass
but short time. The army of Mehemet
Ali, which has been menacing the Russians
north of the Balkans so long has at last at
tackled them, and the Russians have suffered
a serious defeat. The battle took place on
Thursday, and at sunset the Turks had not
only proved themselves capable of meeting
the Russians in the open field but also of
driving them from a strongly ntrenched po-
sition. This places the Russians in crit
ical position with an enemy on their flank
and in their rear. A few weeks ago the
Gar was pushing through the Balkans and
no Turkish force opposed himi now he
is met, checked and defeated. Serious
lighting has also been reported in the ex-
IRENE east, and the Turks seem to have met
with success in that quarter also. Their
successes, however, can but serve TO lengthen
out the war, as no one believes but that in
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05

A WORD FROM A NETERAN.-AmosT Tuck,
of New Hampshire, the colleague and coad-
utor of John Z. Hale in the thick of the
anti-slavery fight, writes a letter to the New
York Tribune to correct a misconception of
that papers correspondent in regard to the
sentiment of New England towards the
Presidents policy In the course of his out
spoken and incisive letter, Mr.. Tuck says
"My belief is that instead of four-fifths of
the Republicans being adverse to the Presi-
dents action, more than fouleffths of them
are in its favor. A great effort is being
made, i'll timid way, by those politicians
who owe their all to skilful handling of
campaign funds, and who dread the posi-,
ton into which they will sink if the new
policy of the administration prevails, to ere
ate the belief that President Hayes is all
wrong. My observation is that most honest
men of all parties, and especially the great
mass of the Republican party in New Eng.
land, bless God every day for the excelencies
of the present administration, and for the
hope, heretofore almost given up, of seeing
again an old-fashioned, dignifed, honest and
capable management of national affairs
Mr.. Tuck at his time of life can hardly be
supposed to be inspired by ambitious aspr.
ations. His utterances are of a good deal
more consequence among the rank-and-file
than the croakings of those who are or hope
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05

CoNTRACTIoN.-If the National Board of
Trade correctly represents the commercial
classes of the United States, then the feel
ing is strongly in favor of contraction, as
the convention last week voted almost unan-
imously in favor of a contraction which
would retire not to exceed ten million legal
tenders month, until the value of the same
shall have appreciated to that of coin. The
mere announcement of this must take away
every greenbacker's breath as he reads it,
The idea that the commercial men of the
nation, whom we are told in every greenback
speech on the stump, and in every issue Of a
greenback sheet, are pining and hungering
for more greenbacks, and going into bank.
rutcy because they have them not-the idea
that these men should meet Ia convention,
gathering from all parts of the country, aud
resolve, with scarcely dissenting voice,
that there are too many greenbacks, and
that they should be retired at the rate of one
hundred and twenty millions year, is a
performance that must make every green
hacker want to hang his harp on the willow
and weep for the madness and faulty of the
class he has been wailing over.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05

FREE DIsCUssIoN.-There need be no
nervousness concerning the freest discussion
of the questions concerning capital aud Ia
Dor. Let even the demagogues have their
most extravagant utterances on the subject.
1t will all tend to a proper education of the
aboring classes, and to a right adjustment
in the end. If there are any wrongs exist.
ing it is to the interest of the whole country
that they should be discovered and regu.
lated. We are trying to build up in this
country strongly knit, homogeneous form
of society, and we rightly conceive that its
foundations to be strong and enduring must
be laid on principles of justice to every man.
If any man can point out where an injustice
is being done, he does us all favor in call
ing attention to defect in our work which
we must remove. The working-men OF
America are intelligent and fair-minded
The majority of them hope to become EN-
ployers themselves. In the end they will
discard the folly and soberly consider the
facts that are brought out. We have never
had warm discussion in this country which
has not resulted advantageously in the in
struction of the people at large, and this
will prove no exception.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
Concerning Tramps.

From begging to crime is but step. Hon
est beggars are the exceptions. beggar
is beggar from choice unless some physi-
cal infrmity makes him such When one
deliberately chooses such a means of getting
living, what has he done? Why, he has
said, " There is property enough and am
going to have my living without work
will devise some tale of woe and appeal to
the generosity of the community. They will
be deceived aud will give me of their earn
ings.' The very first thing then that they
do is 10 exaggerate their woes to ex-
cite sympathy, and the more sympathy
they get the more they are encouraged.
Soon they become confirmed beggars and
liars, and then crime is the next step in the
course. As long as begging answers the
demand for food aud shelter, either TO the
tramp or local mendicant, crime for this
purpose may not be committed, though the
parties are ripe for it. Aud so the problem
becomes complicated Feed the tramping
beggar and you are encouraging him in
idleness and dependence deny him food
and you are furnishing the very conditions
that will arouse him to deeds of awessness
of which he is abnndanty capable. What
shall he done? 1t is certain that tramps are
mortal--that is, that one individual tramp
will not live in the flesh forever. Some day
he will cease to be Il nuisance. So will all
who are now trampng the country so faith
July. II no new crop grows to take its
place the problem is then solved. 1t would
seem better TO run the risk of the crimes
that the present race OF tramps may com
nit if these begging requests are not com
piled with, aud deny to tramps of every
name and kind the smallest contribution. In
this way the nuisance will be discouraged
aud finally abated.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05

The INDIA FAMINE.--The editor of the
Madras Times, member of the relief COM
mittee, writes August LIST "The popula-
tion in Southern India more or less affected
by the famine number twenty-four million.
In the most favorable circumstances, at
least one-sixth of the people will die. The
famine is UNNECESSARILY greater than was
that in Bengal. Twenty-three people in all
died of starvation in Bengal. In Madras no
camp of three thousand rises morning after
morning without leaving thirty corpses. In
the interior the distress is most fearful. One
gentleman passing down valley in Wynaad
district counted twenty-nine dead bodies on
the road. A coffee planter seeking shelter
from the rain in hut, found six decom-
posing corpses in it, Every day mothers
are seen in the streets of Madras offering
children for sale, while the founding por-
ton of the poor-house is full of infants
found by the police on the roads deserted.
Since the famine began five hundred thou
sand have died of want aud distress. The
first big tragedy may be expected in Mysore.
In that province there have been two cases
of cannibalisln already.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05

The dedication of a monument to this
noted man, on Friday of last week, at Ossa-
wottomie, tends to revive the memory of his
tragical end He was remarkable speci.
men of American character. Even the New
York Herald says, " lie was brave, religious,
nhexible, with heart as tender as a
woman's, but willing to sacrifice himself and
those who were most dear to him in pursu-
ance of what he believed to be right. God
grant that men of this heroic mould NAV
never be wanting either in the North or the
South transient errors of opinion can be
overlooked and condoned, but the hardy and
heroic virtues, when exhibited in high de.
gree, should always he honored, even in adj
versares. We do not believe that any right
minded Southerner will take umbrage at the
honors paid to the memory Of John Brown,
for even at the time when he was executed
in Virginia his GOODNESS, sincerity aud manly
bearing extorted the admiration of the sup
porters of slavery. Soon after the affair at
llarper's Ferry Governor Wise said, in a
speech at Richmond: Colonel Washington
said that Brown was the coolest man he ever
saw in defying death and danger. With one
son dead by his side, and another shot
through, he felt the pulse of his dying son
with one hand, held his rifle with the other,
and commanded his men with the utmost
composure, encouraging them to he firm and
to sell their lives as dearly as possible We
are sure that no Southern man at this day
regards the fact that John Brown died upon
the gallows as stain upon his memory.
Such qualities as he exhibited will receive
admiration so long as brave men recognize
and value in others what constitutes their
own best titles to esteem"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-09-05
GeorgIa's New Constitution.

The new constitution of Georgia is, mainly,
so good that It might well be initiated by all
the Southern states, and some of its provi-
sions would be an improvement on our own
laws. The word "rebel," which was used
in the old constitution, is omitted in this
one, but a state rights clause was defeated,
and the constitution of the United States
was recognized az the supreme law, so that
there can beno national objection to the new
constitution. II is prescribed that the social
status of the citizen shall never be the sub
iect of legislation. The whipping post and
imprisonment for debt are prohibited All
laws are made TO operate on all races alike.
The public school system, by which ninety
six thousand colored children are educated
annually with white taxes, the negroes pay
ing hardly enough to school five thousand
preparations The salaries of almost all
state officers were cut down, the saving thus
effected for the state being two hundred and
eighty-two thousand dollars per annum. 1t
was prescribed that the state should never
more grant a perpetual charter containing
any special privileges or immunities to any
corporation and, further, that the legislature
should fix a freight and passenger tariff for
the roads which should be uniform and fixed
at so much per mile. Dueling is made a
felony, lobbying crime, petty larceny
(probably aimed at the neproes) n disfran-