The Hawaiian gazette., 1877-01-31

lle CNDpiele eilc20aDon o. winch Is the
grand scientific task Of the future
as Prosrsss fact in NATURE Cosmolo-
gists ard naturalists are an agreed upon this.
In the language Of the Duke Of Argyll, 1T is
as certain as any fact Of science that creation
has history. Il has not been single act
done and finished once for all. but long Sc
res Of acts.-a work continuously pursued
through an ineonceivable lapse Of time. Herr
we are reminded Of the Saviour's words, 'My
Fathsr vorketh hithertO,-Until now,-and
work. 1t Is another fact. equally certain.
respecting this work, that as it has been pur-
sued by method. There is an observed order
OF facts IN the history Of creation, both in the
organic and in the inorganic world
When one animal Is known TO De, geologi-
cally, nore resent IN its appearance on the
globe than another somewhat allied to il, it
viii CgeperaIlyl be found also To rank higher
than It in the geological scale, is measured by
complication OF structure, variety Of powers,
and, in s0ne groups al least, greater intelli-
gence; also, the more recent type passes in
its chronological development. through sue
cessive stages Of change, including those Of
the less recent allied type whose sdult cOndi-
ton represents, more or less nearly, an imma-
ture or embryonic state Of the higher and
later, more advanced type.
II thers has oceB progress, there have also been
decline and extraction Of types. Says Dana. Five
hundred species Of trilobe lived 10 tie course Of
the pslaeozoie sges; afterwards there were none
Mae hundred spxelss Of the smuouiie group ex-
iSted 10 the mesosai c-u0i Al 81 once, bat, as 10
the esse Of the trilobites, in = succession OF
genera and species; the last then disappeared
There have been 40 species Of the nautilus tribe
IL existence; row there are but two or three, and
these are peculiar to the present age Seven
hundred species Of the ganOids have been found
fossil: the tribe IS row nearly extinct
Mivsrt, the Duke Of Argyll, and others have
sbgsdanily shown that there is no AntagOuism
whatever between the two ideas Of creation aud
evolution Excluding very few atheists aud pos
twists the great controversy has bSen Of ldts years.
upon the question. whether a right Interpretation
OF f4ets should lead rs 10 conclude that creative
power sxerted only At the beginning. all sfter
wards being only the manifold progressive results
Of natural lavs' acting without trseeable design;
or that. instead the immsuenee OF Divine Power is
everywhere shown By nature in forms and pro
cess specially exhibiting designs, in such sense
that, IL the words Of David Hume, ''the whole
chorus Of nature raises one hymn to the praise of
The Creator
Descent OF nan Darwin gives the following
conclusion ia bis work 90 this subject QS71l:
The most ancient prOgenitors in the kingdom Of
the vertebrate AZ which able to obtain an
obscure glance sppareotly consisted Of group of
marine animals resembling the larvae Of existing
aseidIaus- These animals probably gave rise to
groaP Of fishes a. loEly organized as the lIncsst,
aud from these. the Ean0bls and other fishes like
lspisosire1, must have been developed From such
4 6st a very snail advance would carry Is on to
the auphIbians. We have seen that birds and rgp-
tiles were once Intimately connected together; and
the Nou0trematA now, in 4 slight degree, connect
mammals with reptiles Bat no one can, at pre-
seat say BY what line Of descent the three higher
and related eiassss-Hsmsly, mammals, birds and
reptiles. derived from either Of the two lower
vertebrate classeS-uau1ely, amphibans aud fishes
N the class Of mammals the steps are not diiSult
TO cohesive which led from the ancient MouOtre-
uata to the ancient uarsupials, and from these to
the early Progeuitors Of the placeutaI mammals.
We may thus ascend TO the Leuuriiaz; and the in
tsrval Is not wide from these to the Simildae The
Simildae then brAnched OF into two great stems,
the Ola World ard the New World Monkeys; and
from the former, At 4 ren0ds period, ma1, the
~outer and glory OF the universe, proceeded
such Is Darwin's theory. Bat Wallace shows
thatin several important respects the advances from
the SimiIn to the human type Of organization are
szeh as cannot be accounted for By any possible I
frness for Success il the struggle for existence
namely, the superiority Of the hEman laryux for
voice and musical expression the greatly increased
size and capacity Of his brain, and the entire at
sence Of hairy covering from bis back and shoulders
Hence Wallace writes a. folIows: ssThe inference
=ould draw from this class OF phenouena Is that I
"a superior Intelligence has guided the develop
meut Of man IN 4 definite direction" Just as man 4
guides the development Of many animal and veze-
table forms" Il need scarcely be remarked that
this eTiteues. coming from one Of the oTiziustOrs
OF the hypothesis Of Eatura selection has still fur
Their importAuce in suggesting that this inteili-
gent guidance 10 definite directions for special pur-
poses" 20 obvious IN the nature Of nan, who is 4
best known 10 rs, viii be likely to be equally 4
or knowledge Of al it parts becomes more com
pIete-
Evolution Of mind and consciousness. On this 1
topic Darwin and others have pot forth all their 4
strength and they have succeeded In framing q Il
couceiV15ie hypothesis for the transition from the
'ruti1entary mental faculties Of brufes 10 those
this IS the statement Of Huxley, that between the Il
mind ofthe highest a1throPoid apes and that Of man
there is al enoruoEs gap,-a distance practically 1
intednite- TTudaH asserts that The passage from 4
the physics OF the brain TO the corresponding facts
of consciousness Is unthiukAble- Were oGr minds 4
and senses eTpaEded. strengthened. and illumi-
mated to enable see and feel the very mole
c1les Of the brain: were We capable O. following Il
al their motions al their groupings, al their cleo
trie ci=charEes II such there Be: and were init
1atey acquainted with the corresponding states Of
tho1Zat and feeling. we should be as far ever
from the solution Of the problem, "a How these
physical processes connected with the facts OF con
scio1s1essg7 The ehasm between the two classes
Of phenomena would remain Intellectually impassa-
bier
While Theisu must rest essentially upon evil
6ence other and higher than that Of physie
science Il would spear that the facts Of evolution
tend 70 confrm and Strengthen that evidence - II
there has been evolution" writes Canon kirGz-
ley, There must b. Al ETolTer." - Let Us hcpe,"
says Professor Gray. that the religious faith which
survived without = shock the notion Of the f1ity
Of the earth Itself nay equally outlast the notion
OF the absolute d1itF Of the species which inha5it
h.-thac in the future, even more that In the past,
ith il order, which q the basis Of Ecience, viii
not f1s Il enact reasonably be discovered from
faith IN Ordainer which i the basis Of religion"
We fad development IL the succession Of divine
dispensatious described Ia the Old ard New Testa-
ueutz-of the Patri1rchs, Of Moses, Of the Judges,
Prophets, and Kingz, in the Old, and Of Christ in
the NeE CoFeuant - The Law made nothing per
feet BE-. tn brfurfrr az better hone did y Heb |