Mexico weekly ledger., 1877-05-03

OHlcucIdttu tOhS iCoo' AiiN "
f confederation vested all the power
hat was not reserved by the States, in ,
'ongress; but these powers therein
ested could be exercised only by ,
nd with the consent of the States
the confederation. Every
AK imposed was remanded to the
states for collection. Congress had
10 power over the naturalization
avs, this was reserved to each OF the
States; this led to a diversity in the
naturalization laws enacted by the
several States. The States, also, re-
served control over the laws Of COM
nerce, which led to similar result.
The articles of confederation were
further defective, from the fact that
it gave the national government no
national Judiciary. There was no
Court where citizen Of one State !
could sue a citizen Of q different
State. The only remedy attainable
was to present the claim to Congress
and receive a Judgment which could
be enforced only at the option of the
authorities of the State in which the
defendent lived. This often left the
complaining party in worse con
dition than he was before the suit was
brought, notwithstanding Judgment
was rendered in his favor.
/ This want of = more ulfectiTe lu-
dietary and the Indispensable change
wanted in the diverse naturalization
and commerce laws early demonstra-
ted that a more effective system OF
government should he inapgqrated.
Eight years Of naiiqnal imbecility,
caused by the ineffective governing
instrument itself, educated the pe0-
pie how to form national govern
mcnt. one that had cocrsive power
and H,sane far carrying its recomend-
ations intos effective aleIaiio4; and
demonstrated TO them that National
Congress was useless "Iei.O"e a.
means to carry its measures mtf
operation; tnG Natipnas Congress
was useless without an executive
power WIN. expressly granted poyS.s%a,1a,
which there could be no appeal
/ These defects aboye enumerated
were the principal aasE which eausee
the decline and downfall Of the artlols,
; of confederation and the substitution
of the present Constitution. Th,
4 Constitution was adopted in the yeal
1883.
I The questions now arising 4be whal
kind Of a government is the on.
substituted for the Articles Of Con.
federation: How is it to he con.
strued: What powers did the States
surrender to the National Govern.
ment? and what is the relation of the
States government to the Government
of the United Statas,
In reply to the. first inquiry ! re-
mark that the United States - Is a
form of government, which, having
been ratified by majority of the peo-
pie Of oil the States, is obligatory up
on them as the prescribed rHle Of con-
duct of the sovereign power to the ex-
tent OF its provisions" (Story, on
the Constitution, Sec. 35O). The
National Constitution is an instru-
ment for the controlI of the whole
United States alike, and under the
same systsm Of Jaws without special
laws for each separate locality. Thase
laws are enumerated and are alike ap-
plicable to every locality in the Union
The Constitution defines its purpose
to he sstn Form, more perfect union,
establish justice, insure domestic
tranquility, provide for the common
defepce,. promote the general welfare,
and to secure the blessings Of liberty
to ourselves and our posterity.'' In
the formation of the Constitution the
trainers recognized the three divisions
of powers into which all governments
naturally divide themselves, namely:
The Legislative, the judicial and the
executive powers: ..... -... ...sr...
Each department. has its power
strictly and clearly defined hy the
Constitution. AS has been before init
mated the subjects over which the
National Constitution has control. are
those which affect the whole country
alike, and consequently subjects over
which Congress is to legislate are of
such limited number that they are
nil expressly enumerated In the Com |
stitution. Such as the levying and !
collecting uniform taxes, regulating
foreign and Interstate commerce, es-
uniform naturalization laws
of general application, (See Con. Sec.
s,aArt. l.. We see from the nature
IF these laws the wisdom and neoes.
'ity Of having them under the control
IF some National Government. There
ire some laws that affect the whole
country alike, and should be uniform
a their application, this uniformity
IT application could not under any
circumstances or chain of circmnstan-
'es exist when thirteen separate and
Independent. States, being "a by |.
ontrolled~ - by as many distinct /
'odies of men, had to make laws
oncernBg. them ,saa 81 la slass q
2 .as(To be Continued d ys ia
'4 g4.@---------sss 81 s4ev
w. G. Walker telegraph operator !
Fulton, is now permanently sloeat7 l.
din Junction City. Kansas. Will and