The New York herald., 1877-10-12

view OF the journeys under taken by the moro prom
inent Of those who have preceded Stanley aud IN this
manner we shall see how knowledge of that CONT.
nen has been gained step by step and how the expert
of the has afforded assistance to his successor
We shall see that but small portion OF heretofore
unknown regions has been discovered by each one IN
several cases constituting but an insignificant addition
to what was already laid down on tho maps An i'm
mensc tract OF the interior OF Africa was unknown 70
tho European until within a generation, but tho
progress OF discovery made within twenty vo years has
boon very great Among the Oldest travellers who have
become cc:cbrated was Bruce, in Abyssinia in l76s
Mungo Park from tho West Coast In 1895 whose
travels extended from the mouth OF tho Gambia as lar
as Timbuctoo and about two degrees further cas IN
cludng the region between the thirteenth and four
teenth degrees north latitude and as far as the six
teenth and seventeenth degrees longitude Clap.
pcrton who, In 1928, started the West Coast Of
Africa. about deg. north latitude and working his
way north as far as Lake Tchad l3 deg IA deg ati-
iudo, II dog. II min. longitude.
Then luli in African exploration took place uni,
Tuckcy X. NJ, explored tho River Congo IN 1915 This
expedition proved disastrous account OF sickness
but succeeded in ascending the stream TO nearly the
fourth degree OF latitude
Tho explorations of The Niger by tho brothers Ian
DER for the discovery Of course ana outlet In 1880
followed
In the north Dr. Barth's journey is remarkable.
not only account OF the extent OF country explored
but also for the panstaking minutcness OF It's do
scriptIons and the valuable amount OF scientific
information he collected. He started from Tunis
in December, lS49, and did not return be.
lore 1882 and his explorations extended as
lar south as Lake Tchad, then joining the
track Of another traveller from tho West fClap-
inur af par
with large tract OF unexpored REGION and was ono
OF the mot dangerous ever accomplished in Africa
Mungo Park, Dcnh,sn. Clappcrton and Barth OK.
plored very large territory Of unknown country,
which rivals IN extent that oil tho most daring and
successful travellers in other parts OF Africa Among
tho explorers OF that region the OF ovcrwegg
vogcl, RohlIs and Nachtigal will always be rcmem.
bercd.
AT the same time travellers from the Cane OF Good
Hope were III the interior OF Africa exploring toward
The north
Andersons explorations consisted Of Two expeditions
between tho yeurs 1850 and lo54 ana through his IN.
tercstng journey quite an addition was made TO our
knowledge OF southern Africa. He explored Lake
Ngan, and estimated It's circumference at about sixty
or seventy miles, us average width beng miles,
multitude OF travellers and hunters have since
gone into that region, and among them tho greatest
Simrod OF modern times may be mentlOned--Iiordon
Cumming Anderson, think, was the first TO give a
cattle.
From the East Coast, from 1s4s to 1851, Dr. Krapf,
the missionary, on his journey inland, discovered
mountains covered with perennial snow, the Kill
maniaro and Kenia, the former being deg 45 min
south latitude and the last deg 80 min. south iati
tude these being situated betw the thirtysixth
and thirty seventh degrees east Longitude
To this missionary the world is indcbtod for the
suggestion founded upon native Information that one
or several large lakes would found in that part OF
Africa where tho Victoria and Albert Niyanza are
stuated-a suggestion tnat led 70 The expedition OF
Burton and Spekc, which resulted the discovery of
Lake Tanganyika aud Of tho Victor Niyanza
Hldcorand Is pushing Ms way by the way OF Mount
kenia 10 the victoria lake An Italian expedition has
the same objective poins but ntcnang pass through
the Gala country.
Baron Van Dccken assembled the Juba River for
q distance oil perhaps three hundred miles and an
air line Of about one hundred and seventy.lo geo.
graphical miles He was unfortunately murdercd
with bis followers by the natives Tho mouth oI the
River Juba Is fifteen miles south OF tho Equator
10 the celebrated explorer, Burton, the hero OF a
most daring journey 70 Mecca indebted tor tho
discovery OF the 1rst gfeut lake the regions of
Central Africa. HIS discovery OF Lake Tanganyika
was turning pom. IN explorations IN regard to The
sources OF the Nile. His travels extended from 1857
TO 1859, and his publication of rhc Lake Regions Of
Central Africa" attracted great deal OF atIent,op
ne 10 an accom- pished lingu'st and scholar ana
man OF great energy aud courage Tne starting point
was Kaolc latitude deg. min. south. From the
coast he followed soutnwestery direction as lar as
between Tue seventh aud cIgnth doRrecs O south lati
tude, which he reached between tho thirty-seventh
and thrty-eghth degrees OF longitude; then he took
northwestery DIRECTION. reachng as fur north as
UsumUGa; then almost duo west as Tar az Lake Tan
ganyika the sn0res ot which reached ut Uknranuu
latitude a deg 6S min SOUTH longitude 80 deg MIN
80 sec east crossing the lako he followed the
as Tar as UvTa situated near the third degree north
latitude.
plorer OF that region has availcd himself oil his exper
enco in regard TO the route eastward far as Lake
Iangany'ka which is the route Of the trading
TO and lr0 IN the interior, starting from Bagayomo
which Is but few miles from Kuolc.
Tne distinguished traveller Spoke, whose accidental
and unilmcly end by his own gun cast gloom over
England aud his numerous admirers In other coun
tries, just when he ready reap the Of his
discoveries was the former companion and ant
q N haIr
turn from Lake Tapganyka they had heard Of "a largo
sheet OF water farther north said TO be much larger
OF july 1885, Speko left Kazeh in company
with al Arab and went directly morrill, following nearly
head OF the Lake Niyanza on tho Both OF July about
threo degrees north latitude This flying TRIP proving
most important addition To the future field OF African
discovery he returned to Burton the 18th August
Concerning this | cannot refrain IRON quoting The
words OF Burton himself:-
We had scarcely however, breakfasted before ne an
sources Of the White Aic IL nspraton perhaps
Spekc's idea from that time was that what hc had
discovered was tho source oil the Ne and on his re.
turn TO England he never rested I'LL he started
again to prove the TACT
On tho 27th Of April. 1859 he embarked from Eng.
land Captain Grant, friend and pani0n, was TO
accompany him on his exploration. 1t Is not our
Object 10 follow this intrepid explorer his success
fui journey or tho discovery the Victoria Niyapza
aud It's outlet which Is one and the che: souice Of
tho Nile. This journey IS the more valuable on ac
count OF its fine astronomical obs rvatious He saw
grecs south latitude TO about degrees north hay
ing made most valuable addition OF eight degrees IN
latitude oil country
Tnc companion and friend OF Speke (Grant), a gen-
tleman OF great courage and hgh ments, wnosc
health suffered more than that of Spekc, was scpa-
rated from him over four months that account.
He IS good boanist and expert draugh tsman, man
oil Charming manners and OF extreme nodesty, as the
title OF his charming work, "a Walk Across Africa.n
testines and an admirable companion; one who added
not u lfttlc 10 the success OF the expedition. :.
NORTH or THE EQUATOR.
Now Will follow the country norm OF the Equator.
And first Will refer 10 the journey oil Scnwcin-
furth, from IS69-7l, whose explorations began be.
tween tho ninth and tenth uegrccs north latitude
and ny the thirtcih degree oil east longitude, and
reaching the third degree Of latitude north OF the
Equator. tie went Tar the twcnty-sixth
degree OF longitude, thus making quito an addi.
ton TO our knowledge oil this part ol the world.
Tho relation OF that journey OF Schweinurlh Is
inconesably one OF the most interesting and valu-
aDe additions 10 African exploration. Il full OF
Information. for he Is m acute observer and
tiic man.
Sir samuel Baker Is a gallant traveller, explorer
and daring sportsman. Tho narrative OF his travels
and exploration OF the Nile 10 very interesting
IL brilliant writer. He followed almost IN he track
oi Spoke his discovery OIL tho Albert Nlyanza
OF the great basins OF tho Nile Will give him u
place among the explorers OF these reg ions HIS