, 1877-05-26
(Ic BE- c0&flnUed.)


The immediate effect Of a declaration Of war
is TO invest the b~!ligerent Powers with rights
Which materially affect he interests Of the
world. ard ia impose on sii neutral States and
nations obI CATIONS which cannot bGt be highly
irconvrnieut and injurious to themselves. II
Is. therefore, IDLE TO talk ,f Ioraizing a con.
f.r. between TWO Great Powers. Iae conflict
canrot ~ colfatd 70 lie space ot territory
c4,Us ;heir armies, hccauSe Re state OF
war uiwu e.oat Empires L.odife8 and
tGe mere III Ic T|cnalLIy, I'll tie trals&c,
tons u H. gpst ~ ne WC!.1. Funded pro-
reltv and stocks are Z .rft Gated, shares Ia'',
insurance ri3c, tfoderi IONS are SU>p nded,
credii Is shaken. ThtS. atr general results.
But war |proluce2 moro dit.ct effects on nt0-
trail interests. l. "um The ~ytt82nt moment u l.
competent to any Russian or Turkish cruiser
in any part Of the world 10 visit aud search
every neutral vessel suspected Of carrying
contraband Of war to the enemy. A Russian
Squadron has been wiu'cring in tie ports u
the United States, apparently in order to b3
rfeeartd for this contingency, AID as the
Porte draws large supplies u arms from Ano-
RIGA, it is quite poS> bic that acts 0! war
between Russia and Turkey may begin in the
Atlantic, al tLe eyplnsa o. %ntptrals.
A sill more important he.'igrrent wight ig
that Of blockade. r. 1925 Admiral hryden,
commanding The Russian squadron in the
MeGiterranean, announced, il lie did not estab'
liSh, q blockade If the Durdal ej.es, which he
was competed to abandon @y the rem0nStran-
Ces of Englard, because Russia had previously
given a positive assurance that his should
rot be done. Undoubtedly, kussia, having
declared war on Turkey. has, by the law o.
nations, the right. as a helliSerent Power. to
blockade any port Of the OttOn an coast In
Europe, Asia. or Africa against which she can
establish a naval force sufficient to bar the
liberty of entrance. Perhaps she has not this
naval force perhaps the Turks are superior
at sea ; perhaps, if SHE has tbs force, Russia
may moi thi0k ii prudent 10 use it. But the
belligerent right exists, AVID the whole world
is ct It's mercy. l need net point out the
consequences of q blockade OF Treblzonde or
Batoum, or Of the Dat1anelles, which would
close the whole Of the Black Sea {;
or CT Alexandria and Potassium, which would
temporarily close The Suez Canal. The Suez
Canal is necessarily subject TO the territorial
incid ents Of the Empire in Which it is situated
The fact that a great trading company Is
carrying on n very important and useful SER
vlcs OF transport through the country IN time CT
peace is no answer at oil to the right OF q
belligerent 10 blockade the whole coast, II hC
can, in time Of war. Very probably Russia
may not have The power to EXERCISE these
rights Of wsr, and if SIZE had the power, she
might reflect los; 'hey would not easily 10
endured ty peuirsl ia ions. My object Is
merely to point out that these rights OF war
exist, and that they consequently threaten the
interests of all neutral States, especially In the
absence of any declaration on the part OK the
Russian Government that sblockades OF these
important lines of communication will not oe
established.