The Osceola times., 1877-03-24

i'S SsS up iulo rluuii IlauIatioh,, many
Of them owned by the negroes, VINO now
call no man master. They bring in their
seasons product, sometimes on n mule
and again In large quantities. Brokers
on the ground or at the landings, buy
and pay the negroes for their cotton, often
dividing the money according 70 the
labor performed in raising the crop. Some
lease the land Of the former owhers, but
the old siateof things is "dun clar' gone.
This trade and traffic, it may be fairly
expected, will in few years largely in
crease the wealth aud intelligence OF TIE
race in these localities.
THE SEA ISLAND COTTON
brings treble the price Of inland. An
acre will produce in The neighborhood OF
three hundred and fifty pounds of seed
cotton, which when ginned weighs about
seventy five pounds, or one TO FIVE. The
negroes without doubt will eventually
grow all the cotton, AS not one in five Of
the Northern men have thus far succeed
ed in their attempts. Let the reader re-
member that we have not looked at sin
gle piece of machinery yet, and then cal
culate the number Of people and the
amount of wealth, these works employ
and produce, before We reach the factory.
The sail, the mine, commerce and manu-
features, all find employment to supply
The Clark Thread Company's works, and
when they stop the cotton may bloom
and fall unplucked, the coal miner may
starveon bed Of black diamonds, the sails
on the rivers be spread TO the breeze no
more, and the lathes in hundred shops
be left to rust in silence. The manufac-
ture of Clark's 80. n. r." Spool cotton
embraces the islands of the sea and PEN
etrates the bowels of the earth, utilizing
the treasures of wealth on every
hand, enriching and blessing mankind
at every step, from the womb Of ages to
the spindles at Newark. Wewill now ex-
anime into the immediate sources of the
power which drive the endless machin-
cry of this vast hive OF industry, with its
sixty miles OF betting and about seventy
miles OF steam pipe for heating purposes.
WE ENTER THE ENGINE HOUSE,
itself large enough for an ordinary fac
tory. Here is mighty production o:
human brain and Drawn. In the presence
Of this monster, with it's majestic tread,
one feels his own insigniiicance and frail-
ty. This vast piece OF machinery, NOV
ing silently, save the sharp click of the
improved steam cut-ofs, is equal in pow
or to the combined draft of six hundred
horses, and is two engines in one, usually
termed double engine. The ily-wheel,
travelling at the rate Of forty-eieht revo-
lutions per minute and carrying three
huge belts on its surface, each two feet
wide, is seventy-oight feet in circum-
ference, twenty-five feet in diameter,
and weighs thirty tons or sixty thousand
pounds. The shaft is fourteen inches in
thickness, the double cylindersare twenty
six inches in diameter. with condensers,
and a stroke Of five feet. They were built
by Corliss, in 1874. One of the three belts
on the hy-wheel is one hundred and fifty
feet in length. But even this double mon.
ster could not run the works. 1t has a
big twin brother, and together they travel
every day for ten hours on their endless
journey, and never get tired. They are
wonders of power and elegant workman
ship, worthy OF visit from any one who
wants to nee the
BIGGEST PAIR OF TWINS
in New Jersey. They are supplied with
steam from nine immense tubular boilers
and four large upright boilers, Corliss'
plan. They consume twenty-five tons OF
coal per day, which will give some idea OF
the amount OF steam necessary todrive the
immense establishment. Besides these
there are three ordinary sized engines,
made by Watts, Campbell & Co., of New
ark, in different parts of the works, max
ing seven in all, a grand total Of nearly
fourteen hundred horse power. The
young mountain Of coal, which looks
enough to last the whole city year, is
rebuilt by two hundred and fifty ton boat
loads, at brief intervals.
MANUFACTURING THE THREAD.
The cotton is brought in bi les TO the
mixing rooms, when it is examined and
placed in bins, according to the different
grades, ready tor the scutching machines,
which open and beat the material, clean
ing it from the dirt and sand it contains
in the bale. After going through the
machine, 1t cones out in the
shape of a roll, like wall paper, compare.
lively soft white and clean. 1t is, how
ever, really in a very rough state, com.
pared with the fneness and perfection
hat is TO he reached. Several o. these
machines are running continu.
lily, and their sound Is like the roar Of
lightning express train, as it whirls past
he platform where you stand. The first
cutcher is fed with the jale cotton from
/ hopper which letsit through into knives
et in large rollers, which revolve with
tremendous force, and lightning speed,
picking the cotton into small pieces, and
passing il by suction Of air, on to other
oilers, between which it goes and comes
tut in the shape of web or clap" in
arge rolls. Four of these rolls are then
placed upon machine like the first and
'un together through the Same processof
licking AND BEATING AND CLEANING,
when it comesout again in the same shape
Is before. rolled to exactly the thickness
which it is desired to make the "sliver"
rom which the thread yarn is to he spun.
What "sliver" is will be learned further
IN. The machine is so delicately set tina,
i regulates the thickness of the web or
lap to within half an ounce, in web of
1--WE feet, weighing only twelve TO eighteen
ounces. After being put through three
machines in this way and COM
ing out with eight thicknesses of web or
lap similar to that produced by the first
process, il ia ready for the cardirp ma
chimes. This department is filled with
Machines, Drawing Frames, Lap
pers, and Combing Machines, a perfect
labyrinth of betting, pulleys and machn.
cry, the noise of which is like the roar Of
many waters mingled with the clstter of
a thousand wheels One of the large
rolls Of web or lap that came from the last