Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1877-08-11

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the dsErctsg Il tA.e sStEoag@seal SAs-~fva-
tsry nzlstsln@a sy fhe RI "a II Trxsxu-
cure. In la<iia- thlaks that any hyyrath~sEs
which serks 10 explsin the nanner in
which sGn-sEots are prsduoed mass also
explain Why the causes cease 90 be
efficient every ten and a-half years, when
there are few spots, or none at all. on
the suns disc. IN. Faye, the distin-
guished French astrouoner, considers that
the prime cause Of sun-spots 10 to be
found in the excess of heat radiated; %
that the spots are the symptoms Of . dy-
ing sun; that We have in fact here q
phenomenon like the Pickering of an ex-
piring lamp, which may have q period
ical character. Such . Hypothesis"
writes Mr.. Broun to Nature, "wouid
scarcely satisfy the demands of science,
but We must evidently wait for more
facts before any satisfactory theory Can
be proposed"
A member of the French Geological
Society, NJ. Bayle, cautions naturalists
not to conclude that elephants necessari.
ly once lived in Siberia, because the re-
mains of elephants now occur so abun-
dainty in that country. He thinks that in
some ancient period Of great disturbance
. mighty current probably swept large
numbers of these animals from the Him
alayan region northward TO Siberia, and
eastward to China. According to his
theory the drowned bodies so distributed
have furnished the Siberian elephant re-
mains, and the tusks used by the Chi
nese in their works of cut ivory. To show
that ivory has really been distributed
about the earth by the action of water,
in some way not yet understood, refer
ence is made to the fact that elephant
tusks are fished up every year by Eng
lish and American fisherman,
The French scientific journal, La Nat
ure, says that M. Heis, an astronomer,
can see ten stars in sthe constellation of
the Pieisdes without the aid of q tele-
scope, can distinguish the planets Venus,
Jupiter and Mercury in full sunlight,
and Can detect the distant planet Uranus
and the asteroid Vesta, also by his un-
assisted vision. People, generally, see at
least six stars in the Pleiades, but seven
can be seen by many persons, and eight
by some. The ability to make out more
than this is rare, but Mr.. Denning of
Bristol can see thirteen. The satellites
of Jupiter have sometimes, but seldom,
been seen without telescope. It is re.
garded as most difficult of all to distin-
guish the crescent form of Venus with
the unaided eye, and this is known to
have been done only in three instances.
In lecture upon the future of steel.
delivered at the London Royal Institu-
ton some time ago by Mr.. Bramwell, the
speaker predicted that steel would vet
occupy every province hitherto occupied
by wrought iron, except the welding and
forge. work Of ordinary blacksmiths.
The Admiralty test for steel now is that
a sample eight inches long shall extend
twenty per cent. of its own length before
ultimate fracture, and that after heating
and quenching In water it shall bear
bending around to . radius Of three.
quarters Of its own thickness. The lecturer
particularly mentioned long span bridges
- likely to be made Of steel in the
future.
To illustrate the manner in which
forcign laod and fresh-wster shells nav
e~ insrodscsd isto . csessxy, . corrss-
poodess of thu Zssssvsx ssaies thai he
sso< skss . na.iara dnck in Africa a
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