New-York tribune., 1877-05-05

ROYAL Institution Prof Tyndal described au Invention
OF Mr. siemens TO detect the oxidation OF telegraph
cables Tho instrument indicates the heat that tue oHua
ton occasions, and thus shows to what extent te t II
forming. III Is chleuy oi ser''ce WIN 0 ~
in tanks.
Indigo, az representing portion OF the spec
trum gives In Prof o. ~ Roods experiments different
tint from what Is exactly wanted I'm Newtons scae'
indigo IA used To indicate the range OF the spectrum
between the blue and the bue-yiolet Pfoi kood mus
that indigo in solution really gives greenlsh Due' Inc
exact color that Is waned can he obtained from genuine
ultramarine-but artificial uramarine IA that Il
violet blue. The complementary color 70 Rtnu,ne ig
marine blue il pure yellow Prussian blue ana lhd6o
have about the same place III tle spocGuih'
People who take sulphur in Spring weather.
after the timehonercd method prescribed at DotheOo!
Han NAV I've interested in the fact that tho purity o
their medicine is open TO q doubt. Mr. Hanks recently
exhibited 10 his fellow members Of the san fIac7o0
Microsooplcdl Society specimens of the spurious H ~
genuine flowers of sulphur foT comparison Inc io' "
tiole Is obtained by sublming sulphur al" cA'ep,
there is with It usually little sulphurous acld' 'lls
product is almost chemically pure. But great oe"i %
what is sold as the subnate turns out under tho
microscope, he merely crude Dilh!atOhe 2ii a ~
powder Instead OF o~es 1T shoH v contains many
impurities, which make the mess with ucaei1 Slightly
nasticT.
The English are very thoroughly IN earnest
about the use Of steam on tramways by the pye' 'nc
word tralnway" 10 designate the tracks III inc srec's
which Americans describe bY the roundabout phraso
"horsecar railroads." Is itself an Improvement tn"'
might well be adopted I'm this country The bili III r
lament drawn by committee, which s to authorize
fine t,sc Of mechanical power Oh tamways," imposes
tbe following restrictions: The machinery is 10 be con-
ceaed or protected from ycw the engines are 10 ne @
little as possible given to producing smoke vapor OF
uose the brtke-pOwer must stop engine ana car "i'ni
thcrpwn length when going a tght ihues pd % n0ui I
speed is limited 10 cign miles per nor III VIC rr' LII %
~ miles outside Of them: inachucry complying Nton ~
tie restrictions may be licensed Tor ti pdpoSeS 'oi
three months.
Great success attends the enormous drainage
aud canal operations Of the Holudcrs The two under
takngs usually go hand hand, that, as III the case
Of the new canal from Am teram to the sea, Whlio inc
lands recovered by drainage Of enough value tp re-
ducc the total cost Of the enterprise by nearly tti'
there Is further advantage secured by The unity OF INC
plan since the process Of constructing the canal was
conlycd 50 rs to facilitate TIE actual work OF drainage
That canal having of and secured the draining or
norton Of the Zaydcr Zoc project for another canal to
drain tho southern part Of that body OF water ia now
before tc Chamber OF Deputies. The new canal l. N
tended 10 give Amsterdam direct Waterway 10 tL1t
lcss j4i 4)!'Vuo L'cTi 90 rt,in G,vcr,1n",f loans IS
estimated at nearly 9'o'o"o"oo.
Famous "A is the sub Wcalden boring in the
annals Of English geology, the inarc5i in It Is for whe
cy T. be ccpsrd by another deep bore carried on IN
the heart OF London The object Of the new bore s purely
commercial Int the scientific rcsus Of the operation
arc cctefuily noted and preserved for Geo!osistS
nc Tic intention IS 10 sink well for the nee OF
largo brewery ON Tottsnham Courtroad At l50 feet
c claws AID travels were passed. and "a" upper chalk
bcr ifom 100 to sl2 fee. the work lay through hard
lower chalk and mari; at s0 fcct sGuit mt 1904 feet
greenland" which solid stone Tho upper green
.nd has already been penetrated, and 90 or go feet
further viii pierce tie lower grccnsani. The cXpccta-
on IL that The waio supply will thcn be reached and
there IS intense curiosity 20 the success Of thc pro-
i,ot The work is done with diamond drill. One crown
Of diamonds has cut 100 eet; bat c strata have proved
Of Icrv warned hardness and tut fus IN Tie chalk aaNe
c,c or - feet per day. The value o The diamond
crosn ct tho boring - about $500 since iLc above
written, later aoyicr7 haFe Dy'h Ir,S@sr @ - 'a5
is abundant.
An argument for the hypothesis of mans
derivation from tie lo#cr animals mas been found ia the
structure Of the eye d. Hermann had discovered that
te crystalline lens s so constructed as 20 form distinct
iqos OF objects that are as much GJ' out ot tine line
of the optic axis. That H. far ~ the crystalline lens
concerned we ought TO be able TO see side objects
pailly VII never tbtl are within tue hc!d oi VIc"' DO
matter u what direction We arc looking Ihis power 10
called p,riscopi-in. Prof. Joseph L. Conte OF California
comic while the eyes OF many lower animals-among
them The runiuantspose This quality fuJ The cause
of the deficiency the human eye which makes u IN
possible for Us TO clearly tie outline OF anything at
which We arc not looking directly - TIA; the reuhai
aaes are only distinct when given by objects directly
I'm tno focal axis. Ia other words the human rciina s
not pcrscopic Therefore, argues Prof Le Comic tae
prristupsin ol tae crystalline ir7 t Almost H7'ii 90
lens cuncs 90 mankind by Inheritance; h i mark 81
descent from tho lower "ulh4i' ~ l'0 ",1'S S @ 81,
band il our eyes had continued who'll persc"pc, we
should never have been able a. concentrate our vision,
10 Wsuow DO, upon single 0'yecis'
If ever men OF science should take an inter-
est la blue class theories 70 would not he blue but violet
that woud their approval At The recent meeting
of the National Academy O. Sciences, lrJl o. ~ Rood OF
Columbia College described his experiments in testing
mathema,cally the effect Of mixing white lisht with
light Of different cOlos. lie used brilliantly coorcI
disks made 10 revoyc rapidly and substituted in phi OF
each disk white for color measuring the amount OF sub
stuton aud its specific effects. Thus mingled with
white the lighter shades Of yermilon became pufpShi
Of orange red; OF yellow more orange O greenish
yellow unchangcd OF yellowsh green, more groen; OF
green blue OF cyanogen blue less greenish and more
blush; OF cobalt blue more violet; Of utrama1ne'
violet; Of violet unchanged; Of purple less rcd and
more violet Exactly tie same results followed when
violet was used instead Of white to reduce the colors
Hence mixture with white has an effect similar TO
moving ali the coors toward the violet end OF tho
trum. Prof Rood regards these and other experiments
of qualitative nature indicating that violet h. on of
tho urinary rol0iS. The mathematical results attained
were, laid before Mr. Charles = PerCe, wuO subjected
Them 10 further ANALYSIS and found That they confirmed
Fcchucr'5 that the sensation ls proportional to the
In..ritlm on The cXoiftOn." diagram has been made
showing the effect Hpcu any ot the spectrum cUlors Of
aluryprs with white; thc diJ-lum i5 constructed on
Ilthe Iati theory; the observed results ~ prac-
ticc CORE pond.
New facts are discovered in the practical use
OF Prof. Bells speaking telephone much faster than