The New York herald., 1877-01-17
AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.
Election of Oficers-Chief Justice DAYS
Annual Address.
ARCTIC and AFRICAN EXPLORATION.

audience. The Rev. Henry W. Bellows presided. Tho
nrst business Of the meeting the receipt OF the
councillors report which stated among other things
that the society had in previous year been pros
porous during 1870 The Trcasurers report
next read and accepted, and the following
named gentlemen elected follows OF tho sooicty:-
Walter r. Houghton, W. s. Ward, George Booth Leu
tenant Commander +. ~ Green, United States Navy;
Robert +. Blxby Charles =. Cromwell, Theodore 6.
Thomas NJ. d., and William N. Tillinghast. Com
mandcr D. Bruine. United States Navy. and James
Balfour OF Boston, were elected corrcspon ndny men,
hers Dr. Bellows then read tho ticket OF officers who
had been nonnated to serve during the coming yehr
The following officers, as nominated, were nonsly
clccicd:--
Iresidcnt-Charles p. DAILY.
Vice I,esidenfs-Gcorge W. Cullum Francis A. Ste
Foreign Corresponding Secretary-Chari"s A. Joy.
Domestic Corresponding Secretary James Muhlcnbcrg
Bailey.
Rrcording Secretary--Elal f. Hail.
Treasurer-Goorgc Cabot Ward.
II. II. Moore. William 4. Curtis, Isaac Bcrnhcimer,
har ow NJ Hoyt Roswell d. H,tchcock, Isaac Hayes
Paul b. Du Chaiiiu, William II. Morre, j. Carson Bre
WORT, Levi T. Morton and Clarence King
Tho feature OF the evening the reading OF a
paper on "rhe Geographical Work of the World in
1876" by Chief Justice Charles r. Daily, President OF
the society. This document tecmcd with ini ercstng
and valuable Information, and tho reader held the
attention Of his audience from the beginning to tho
clcsc OF tho reading Thirty screoptcon views and
maps explorations discoveries OF the yenr in
tho great West tho Arctic. Northern Asia Africa aud
New Guinea displayed to the appreciation of tho
asscmbiagc Perhaps the two most Interesting lea
lures treated OF Arctic exploration and tho lac
discoveries made In Africa by Mr. Stanley and other
explorers Tho following Ii synopsis OF Ch,cf Jus.
tco Daly's paper
CHIEF JUSTICE pALy's ADDRESS
The Arctic event OF the year. the Chief Justice sa ID,
the return OF tho Alert and the Discovery under
Sir George Narcs, from tho attempt to penetrate Tho
Polar Sea by the way OF smith sound 'lcsurded
from geographical and scientific point OF vicw," he
said, ''the expedition success. suid in my
nual ;, address several years nso that TO reach
expedition; that that was geo.
| graphical feat to which necessarily great eciat
expedition to explore the .rctic region every
direction far possible. TO obtain scientific inor
nation iu quarter OF the globe whero II was OF The
history OF tho earth, but 70 enable us TO uurave phe
nomena and obtain knowledge Of physical laws
affecting It's present condition which Ui high
scientific value, or TO express II in popular form, OF
the greatest practical importance. THIS object has
been u considerable degree advanced by tins Eng
l,sh expedition. As commander Captain Mares was
inccssant In his ana waiehiuncss and acted with
great skill and Judgment III the trying difficulties by
which Ucsct. Hc carried his vessel TO the
highest point evcr reached, and hc ana Captain Sic.
phenson brought both vessels safely back
passage which was one OF great difficulty and trinl
| CAPTAIN MARES LACK or CocRTKsY.
But, while entertaining tho highest opinion or tho
capacity, skiliul seamanshp, energy, prudence and
Judgment displayed by Sir Ieorgo Mares in tho
mand OF tins cxpcdtion, cannot pass without obscr-
vnon certain matters III his report and IN his address
to the Royal biographical society. Quo OF the most
gratifying things IN the history OF geographical
piornton is the courtesy and kindlincss with hch
almost uniformly, subsequent explorers refer to tho
sbOrs and discoveries oi their predecessors This 10
not only wanting tho part OF SIR George Mares, but
the only reference to Drs. Kane aud Hayes, tue
earliest explorers u the upper part OF Smith SOUND
to spenk OF them untavoraoIy-Io say that. cacn Of
luNtn i shady NJ ha
coast and 10 charge them with altering the names Of
tho hcadlands discovered by Admiral Inglcdeld. Dr.
Hayes has answered Tor himsoli IN u commun uncaton
to tho NEw YoRK HERALD. and shown that, had Sir
George examined the Doctors map published by
have made tins assertion. Dr. Kane IS dead
but think can state correctly what he did
Up to Cape Sabine the west ana Cape Hatherton
tho he recognized ana retained the names given
Oy ADMIRAL Ingicieid; but beyond these points names
wSy csrrespona with the position Of lands as ,hoy "p
pear upon Admiral Insoneld's chart. But, upon
closer observation, Dr.. Hayes, IN his SUBSEQUENT
upon tho western coast Having known DR.. Kane
well, and knowing Dr. Hayes intimately, l nm comb
| don't that neither would dcsigneiy obuterate names
to appropriate to themselves the laures Of PRIOR
covercr In this connection 1t may not be inappro.
pirate to recall the well known fact that tho ma me OF
Grinnell Land, IN Wellington Channel, discovered by
DO Haven, was Tor somo time omitted upon English
mars and afterwards that the namo of subsequent
| knglHh explorer was gwen to II, which l rcicr
| simply 10 suggest The application oi tho homely
provcrb suggesting what those should avoid who live
! mGMiEs AND GoRiLLAs.
A great deal OF tho address dcvoicd To tho SUBJ
ject Ot African exploration. 1.-THE subject OF the pig
In Of Africa said tho speaker, 'has been discur scd
by Mr. Narcotic ana the Marquis do Compcignc. When
our Fellow, NJ du Chaillu lad before US The account
OF the pgnics he ha1 lound in Western Africa near
tue Equator, WAS received IN certain parts oil Europe
with incrcduty; but these pigm'cs OF the western
have hncu been seen by vtncrs, and Tho
Of races OF pismcs Is now established by the iacts
gathered by schw c,nfnrth, Mian aud others Africa
and by recent researches ia India Mr. Narcotic
That tncso pigmlcs well known 10 the ancient
Egyptians, und that there bias rclcf IN tho scpuI
cnru oil inc Metropolis OF Saggaiac OF the fifth yDasty
upon which two pIgmics arc represented, having the
features of DR.. Schwciniurtn's Aka Ho says the pug
mes OF antiquity were natives Pun which he Idcnii-
nes witt. tho modern somal, country. Tho Pbenicans
he says came from Pun, ana were not gn Asiac raco
and that ear them dwct race ot dwarls Gu led Boss
VINO gtl exist In the SOmali cOunry.ii the inlorma.
ton collected by Hcngn cou d be trusted. lie cx-
hibitcd 10 the Egyptian Groaraphicai society repre-
en.atiops ot the Bcss some ot whom had tails which
may be gratt, Ing integ gcncc 10 those cvoiuionlss
who insist upon our descent from The monkey. Mr..
Narcotic believes that tDe Akkas Of Schwcnurth, who
dwell IN tho Nyam Nyam country, were also known 10
the ancont Egyptians aud that Nam III their language
pignes extend IRON the south Of Mombu,ta TO tho
Yaboon.
'An inhabitant the GaboOn has reached Berlin 1.-Two
young gorilla, anu Is now In the Berlin Aquarium DR..
Hcrmcs says that he mods. ciaps HIS hands, wakes
| up and stretches h msclf ike man; that he sleeps
| eight hours, eats only what his keeper cats, aud
requires him To be constantly By HIM. Hc
taken sick, and was restored by the use Of that
African specific quininc and The doctor says that ho
showed his tongue aud squeezed the doctor's hand,
ns n 10 Indicate he felt assured Of his recovery
Captain burton ascendci the Congo TO the rapids.
madc journey through the gorilla country OF which
no has given account Captain Hay has visited The
district Of Akcn, III West Africa, and found tho
country rica ia minerals and studded With well buIit
to~ns He found n pccnIar mallormation among the
male oi this pcopc--S protubcrancc OF the check
bones under the eyes, taking the torn OF horns
either side OF tho noscand has sent two photographs
OF these horned men 10 England.
DARwiS's WITH rAfa
'Thc Rev. George Brown, missionary who visited
the islands Of the northeast coast of New Guinea de-
scribcs tho natives as nude savagcs OF tho oriental
negro type, who live more like beasts than human
beings He iOuud canniDalism prevail pg through out
tho islands, not, as among some 0thcr savagcs. as n
religious rite. but as means OF subsistence. lie bns
gwen tho details oi what nc OF this horrible prac
ticc. winch arc too revolving 10 repeat lie says nc
assured by the natives that there In Tho is
lands race Of human beings with tails who were not
monkeys; that the toll was bony and ,nnexlble, so