The New York herald., 1877-02-12

SO popular was no ,sss s0 ne people ,h ana rxn .nS
candidate Of the , renowned Don Boni,o
pretensio ns he retired 10 his farm In Oajaca and
like Achilles sulkng In his tent got a t OF bad
humor. which lasted Tor considerable time. His
brother "Ei Chato Daz, became Governor oi Oojaca
after the fall OF Maximan. and contrvcd by his
arbitrary acts 10 create an opposition to hts admins
traton which speedily unseated him from tho guber-
material chair and hualy eliminated in tho taking Of
his life In 1859. Porhrio Diaz having like tho bold
Achilles recovered from his long spell OF the blues
commenced omcut intrgues against the government
OF senior Juarcz This conspiracy led TO
rising which In ls10-l spread over large portion OF
the Republic but efficiently aided by the valor and
iaithfulness OF tho nrmy. the government IN the
end able TO put It down. Diaz took trip for The
ever he renamed only short period, and returned
his native land 10 hoist more the standard OF
bcllion, this time against Lerdos administration
LEHDo's ADMINISTRATION.
Lerdo succeeded Juarcz to the Presidency under fa
voring circumstances and during tho first two years Of
his crm In Office the great Liberal party that had placed
him IN power was, upon the whole satisfied with the
policy which he pursued. But AS has often been tho
case In more peaccabe countries than Mexico, the
President by repeated acts OF avorsm and oppression,
nlicnatcd from him large numb,rs OF able, patriotic
and well meaning men. lie was. in truth. using all
tho mowers at his for the purpose of prIngng
about his reelection 10 office Lerdo's government
became unpopular that in the nrst months OF 1878
armed parties. who were mostly made up OF dsgused
liberals and uncompromising conservatives, began 10
appear IN tho states OF Mchoacan Jalsco
ncr OF religion and committed all sorts Of
atrocities under its sacred name. new element ot
dscOrd now entered into the intricate politics OF
Anahuac-this was the newly inaugurated struggle
between the Catholic and the Protestant crccds The
Acapulco massacre, which happened IN the beginning
Of 1915 horriicd the Christian world ard showed 10
what dreadful extremes the fury Of religious fanatc,sm
could carry misguided men even IN our own days.
srPERsEpING DISTINGUISHED GENERAL.
Soon alter the happening Of this melancholy event,
in March, 1875, General Don Sostcnes Rocha one OF
Mexico's ost he'd soldiers was superseded
in the command of the FIRST DIVISION Of tho army.
suspicion of being concerned in conspiracy against
the government. Even the Minister OF War, General
no 1ouu in Mpiia " N hndh a
the days'o the Freuch INVASION found himself
obliged to resign. and the President, now nntram-
mccd by the presence OF that long tricd public SER
want. tree work up his own schemes for rc-eicc
tion without fear from any quarter.
Ceaya, and Mcjia out Of the Ministry of War, there
candidate who had the hnrdihood to declare
that lgicsas wbo like Meta, had been IN the Cabinet
Tor tho last thirteen years was now Chief Justice OF
the Supreme Court and c6icio Vice President OF the
Republic Ho was not candidate against Lcrdo
DIAz IN THE FIELD AGAIN.
Diaz took II into his head to conduct the Prcsiden-
tial campagn on purely practical principles, and
therefore, In anticipation o troubles NJ the capital he
again appeared in the field on tho northern frontier
where he managed TO get possession Of the town Of
Matamoros and other places along tho border The
government troops were not long In rccapturng the
place, aud the indciatgabe revoutonist disappeared
OF Oojaca. where, and also in the western portion Of
Pucba aud northern part OF Vera Cruz he together
respectable number OF badly armed troops portion
OF whom volunteers and the rest forced men.
This brings us TO the carly part OF last summer at
which time Diaz, whose partsans had gained several
important advantages over the government troops
was able to keep the field In the tecth OF n strong
army corps under which General Alatorrc, scnt
against him Iu February, March and April last thore
were rsinss in Tabasco, Chiaras and several other
States besides those mentioned These revolutonar
upheavngs compelled the government IN selldcfcncc
proclaim martial law over nearly half of the Re-
public; and this state OF things, much either to tho
misfortune discredt OF Icrdo, existed when the last
Presidential election took place In July, 1875
Now, the questions ut issue simply these -
Daz who was IN arms anainst Ierdo even long before
INC as' @ waned 70 ous n sR
sas "prononnced' because the latter believed that
the elections there had
that therefore lordo usurpcr and assassin OF
liberty whom 1t was every good cltizen's duty TO op
pose Guided by his evil genius, Justo Bcnitcz. Dnz
cloaked his schemes OF ambition under the plausible
guise respect for the constitution Therefore, when
ges,as took the neld he first u show OF obo.
dicnce to the rebcous Chief Justice but after over.
throwing the government he foun1 for disa-
grecment with the cxvce President, turned his
cessiul arms against him and obliged tho Supreme
Court judge to decree cnangc or venue outside Of
Mexican territory.
THE ELECTION RETURNS.
The method prescribed by the Mexican constitution
Tor clecting the President is theory very similar
as' whcn deserves notice ana bo ~ the
%' re msmosss sr ss0s the ' national consess IS
pointed scrutinizc the returns Last year the
can Congress nominated for this duty Messrs. " dc
Castancda y Nyara G. Valle. w. Gonzalez, c.
last this commission completed It's labors reported
the results 10 Congress-
BY the report OF the Congressional committee on the
Presidential eiccon, appears that the whole
bcr Of ballots cast throughout the Republic was 2SS,
of population CT more than 1900, 600 OF these
tho citzen" Sebastian Lerdo dc Tejada received
and "sevcra othcrs'' got 752 remarkable feature
the matter is that 752 ballots were deposited favor
OF sevcra others, " the report says Upon this basis
the committee started out by asking three questions
for the purpose Of afterward solving them In man.
ner entirely satisfactory to Lcrdo These questions
wcre:-
First-Has the election in tho Mexican Republic been
in conformity with the constitution and the organic
.Second-Do the elections which wore had in tho cleo.
toral districts show any detects that would nvadatc
thcmY
Thi,d-Have the candidates who wcrc favored at the
elections obtained absolute majority Of all tho votes
cast and have they those requisites marked by tho law,
in order to be declared legally elected?
The commission thcn went 10 work, aud after elab-
crate discussion OF these thrco momentous questons
dent OF tho United States Of Mexico for the period
which is to end on tho 10th Of November, 1880.
THE MANIFESTO OF IGLEsfAs
Chief Justice Iglesias, who by the way, not a
candidate Tor the Presidency processes to believe that
in truth there had been legal election for President
in tho Republic, and based his conviction rathor
able manifesto which he issued his signature from
the town OF Salamanca, State OF Guanajuato In Octo-
ber 1876 He therefore concludes that IN
with tho provisions OF the consttuton he being er
otcio Vice President should bc installed In place OF
Icrdo, whose term of Office u Is clamed has expired,
and not having been legally reelected ho should re-
tire into private life. This same question o holding
over in default Of n legal election before dc.
ciucu uy Doh Dchito JuureA, ""o IN loot ana 1909,
although his term OF Office had expired and because OF
the presence OF tine French eccton could be held
still refused TO turn the power 10 General Don
Jesus Gonzalez Ortega, which officer ubtediy
entitled Juarcz held until tho war came 10
close, and then he again elected.
THE MANIFESTO or IGLEsIAs ASSERTS.
In his manifesto Iglcsias say that In
than hundred electoral districts through
the country there elections ut all that
half tho Republic did not participate in tho act OF
choosing the national Chief Magistrate In those dis
trics, where no ono denies that elections were held,
II was impossible to elicit public opnon OF
their bcing occupied at tho time by tho revoluoniss
and in others the voters voluntarily kept away from
the polls 1t Is not just deprive the former ella IS
OF their rights through fault OF theirs latter
either, who abstained from voting because they had
formed n resolution not to councnancc that which be-
iorchand thcy knew w0uld falsify the principle OF
districts IN which, through common accord on tho
part OF the people, there elections,
II cannot be denied that the sum total
Of these non-particpants amounts to moro
than halt OF the electoral college, so that II was i'm