, 1877-12-01
which is uhcN ns fuel, and many camc1s live al
Together upon It's lautel.ltke leaves"


together upon It's lautel.ltke Icayes.''
CIVILIZATION AND LONGEVITY.
The Interesting essay OF Mr. Charleton T.
Lewis on the Influence Of Civilization on |
Duration Of Life" originally delivered at the
meeting of the American Public Health Associa-
ton In Boston, 1d7B, has been printed In PAM
palet form, and also In the last volume Of tho
Reports and Papers Of the Association. Tho
author considers that the influences Of civllza-
loa are Increasing the longevity Of The human
raca, but at d slower rate than Is by many sup
posed. He cites Tho, evidence Of Str Thomas
?. Hardy, who haa scarcle'l the recnrds OF tho
English courts for 400 years. from tho thirteenth
TO the sixteenth centuries, and has found In
their nutnbeflcss notices Of age not single In
stance Of man who had survived his shh
that the aQe of 10 was regarded as extreme, and
WAS seldom reached. Ilo also quotca the re-
marx Of Kola,,, tho cautious German
ba %eaeqe s
lnluin age Of man has remained nearly the safne
for centuries and even thousands of years; but
that the number Of pcrH'us who reach extreme
@ ianev, M has seTy ma,cri.iy saf t ineTeasei" s "
- The gain In The preservation OF infant life is
illustrated By the mortality rate. Of Ln.,dnn.
The population rms less than G75,0O0, century
and thfse-auarteIs ago, and The annual deaths
Of children we're 0,5o0, In 1st0 The population
was l,nN,OOO, und the deaths OF children was
only 5,bo0,-a reduction ot t2 pcr cent-
There has also been large gain in the t,rcscr-
vation Of the lives Of tho Sick aged. and i1.r1n.
Another markell improvement has been made
In the suppression Of eptlrinicA. Civilization
las utmost wholly destroyed the power nf the
plague, the chocFa smallpox, md other con-
taKtoua diseases that hsve been tn former accs
most tlre:ul ttouEgcs of mankind. 4 century
agu 4O.DN deaths hy fmail,pux occurred ID
England Within twe!vc.snonth. La Conda::
milne, who divl In TIA. declared tlat one-tcnth
more disd1guFed, BY this frigtt1nl disease. The
cholera slew 40,009,0o Of nsoplc III the half
century after the wars Of Napoleon. Matthew
Paris states that n lls ting, the thirteenth
and la.otN,ooo In Europe. These figures are
perhaps exaggerated, yet they show the pFcya-
lcncc OF plague that flas disappeared before
civilization. \ widening knowts.ige oi the laws
Of hygiene, and increased attention 70 sanitary
mcasurcs lii the construction bE dwellings, In
ventilation, food, clothing. dranayt, etc, ETC.,
nre constantly tending to tho protection Vi
nent Of Intelligence strengthens thu pussib!iities
Of longevity, or, as Mr. l.cwls puts i, "the
Iengt',cn.ng II the average Individual life meas
u7es human progress"
cI>aEr.
Among carpfvorous auimafs there Ia placed
between the wcaseis tsiustcllday and hyenas
l4l4EklINlG{ k4G lA"t1} ~ +FE<4 kEt]Etk ts
| (viyerridn} Tho characteristic featuru Of this
group which renders It Of espcc.a! in,crcst t.,
mankind is the secretion in tile anal glands OF
tho peculiar fatty substance known ~ 8'ciyet."
All tho species Of tile family pro&luce the sccrc-
tfon, set thu cyei OF commerce Is chiefly obtain
cd from the civctcat {vlycrn eiyetta) which In.
habits the north q Africa. The auItnal Is FROM
| two to three feet long, aud Is from ten ~ If
teen inches hirh, Its fur Is long, and OF MI Iron.
| gray, bautleu atHl spotted with black. Its hab-
! lis nrc nocturnal. md It feeds upon small
! mammals, reptiles, ana blsts. aud also upon
roots aud fruits. 1t climbs trees With great
] facility.
in Abyssnla and In Asia the ctrct Is very
commonly Kept In confinement for the sake of
| it, perfume This ts removed. says writer,
! from tho bag about twicn a week by n,csns Of a
small spatn0, and is obtained most nbundautly
'.from ile mair,aud especially alter hc has bce!,
srritatcd. 4 dram Is q large quantity 10 obtain
| at q time. The rtscts kept for this purpose arc
| fed On raw Htsl; tho Young partly on far,uR.
ecous food" One species Ut ciTet IL found In
India aud one In Jars, aud these furnish por.
| t!on Of the civct which finds It's way Into the
market.
glands ty artificial neatls. It hardchx in the sac
and finally lyons out in pieces NJ the sike Of M
ton subserycs In the economy OF the animal.
As known to commerce ctYet !: dark: semi
liquid substance with powerful and offensive
odor. Its scarcity makes 1t costly, hencc Il
y liable. to authorization. Tho vaiuc o.
combining With other perfumes, fixing those
| whIph ars ethereal in their nature aud a1tenst
fyiug thclt distinctive qualities without 1btFud
tnK III own. It's use ID most Important tn the
production Of certain sIeyts necessary tp ths
employed IN the form Of o Anctuse made b,
! maCerztfon Ia strong alcohol.