The Red Cloud chief., 1877-03-22

viding the money accordingto the labol
performed in raising the crop. Som'
lease the land Of the former owners
but the old state OF things In dun ella
gone" This trade and traffic, II NAV b
fairiy expected. will in q few year
largely increase the wealth and intelli
gence OF the race in these localities.
THE SEA ISLAND COTTON
brings treble the price OF inland. ant
ranges from thirty TO ninety cents pc
pound. according TO grade. An acr
will produce in the neighborhood o
three hundred and fift- pounds Of seet
cotton. which when ginned weigh
about seventy-dve pounds. or one 4
five. The negroes without doubt vii
eventually grow all the cotton. as no
one in Eve Of the Northern men hav,
thus far succeeded in their attempts
Let the reader remember that we hay,
not looked at a single piece Of msehin
cry vet, and then calculate the Dumbel
these works employ and produce, befor'
we reach the factory. The sail, TIT
mine. commerce and manufactures. al
find employment to supply The Clarl
Thread Company's works, and wher
they stop the cotton may bloom ant
fall unplucked, the coal miner may
starve on a bed of black diamonds. tn
sails on the rivers be spread to thu
breeze no more. and the lathes in q
hundred shops be left to rust in silence
The manufacture Of Clark,s 20. n. T.
cotton embraces the island Of the sea
and penetrates the bowels Of the earth
utilizing the treasures of wealth on
every hand, enriching and blessing
mankind at every step, from the WON'T
Of ages TO the looms Of Newark. W.
will now examine into the immediate
sources Of the power which drives the
endless machinery of this vast hive OF
industry, with its sixty miles Of belt
ing and about seventy miles Of steam
pipe for heating purposes.
WE ENTER THE ENGINE HOUSE,
itself large enough for an ordinary fac
tory. Here is a mighty production of
human brain and Drawn. In the pres
ence of this monster. with Its majestic
tread, one feels his own insignificance
and frailty. This vast piece of ma
chinery. moving silently. save the sharp
click of the improved cut-Offs, is equal
in power to the combined draft Of six
hundred horses, and is two engines in
one, usually termed a double engine.
The f1y-wheel, travelling at the rate of
fOrty-eight revolutions per minute and
carrying three huge belts on its sur
face, each two feet wide, is seventy
eight feet in circumference, twenty-five
feet in diameter, and weighs thirty
tons. The shaft is fourteen inches in
thickness, the double cylinders are
n, os~ ennhnn I'm ne
cOndensers, and a stroke of five feet.
They were built by COrliss, in 1874.
One OF the three belts on the fly-wheel
is one hundred and fifty feet in length.
But yer this double monster could not
run the works. 1t has a big twin broth.
er. and together they travel every day
for ten hours on their endless journey,
and never get tired. They are wonders
of power and elegant workmanship,
worthy Of u visit from any one who
wants to see the
BIGGEST PAIR OF TWINS
in New Jersey. They are supplied
with steam from nine immense tubular
boilers, and four large upright boilers,
COrlisS' plan. They consume twenty
five tons of coal per day, which Will
give some idea of the amount of steam
necessary to drive the immense estab-
lishment. Besides these there are three
ordinary sized engines, made by Watts,
s. Co., of Newark, in differ.
ent parts Of the works, making seven
in all. a grand total of nearly fourteen
hundred horse power. The young
of coal. which looks enough
to last the whole city a year, is rebuilt
by two hundred and fifty ton boat loads
at brief intervals.
MANUFACTURING THE THREAD.
The cotton is brought III bales to the
mixing room, when it is examined and
in bins. according to the different
grades, ready for the scutching ma
chimes, which open and beat the mate
rial, cleaning it from the dirt and sand
it contains in the bale. After going
through the scutching machine, it comes
out in the shape of a roll, like wall
paper, comparatively soft, white and
clean. 1t is, however, really in a very
rough state, compared with the fneness
and perfection that is to be reached.
Several of these %scutching machines
are running continually, and their sound
is like the rOar OF q lightning express
train, as it whirls past the platform
where you stand. The first scutcher
is fed with the bale cotton from a hop
per which let's it through into knives
set in large rollers, which revOlve with
force, and lightning speed,
THE COTTON INTO SMALL PIECES,
and passing it by suction air, on to
other rollers, between which it goes and
comes out in the shape of a web or Flap"
N large rolls. Four of these rolls are
hen placed upon q machine like the
irst and run together through the same
process of picking and beating and
cleaning, when it comes out again in
he same shape as before, rolled to ex
the thickness which it is desired
20 make the silver" from which the
thread yarn is to be spun. WHAT q
silver" is will be learned further on.
The machine is sO delicately set that it
regulates the thickness of the web or
ap to within half an ounce, in a web
five feet, weighing only twelve to
eighteen ounces. After being put
through three scutching machines in
his way and coming out with eight ]
hicknesses Of web or lap similar to !
hat produced by tue first process, it is |
'eady for the carding machines. This
Is filled with Carding Ma
hines, Drawing Frames, Lappers, and
COmbing Machines, a perfect labyrinth
It betting, pulleys and machinery, the
lOiSe Of which is like the roar of many |
waters mingled with the clatter of q
thousand wheels. One of the large rolls
4 web or lap that came from the last |
cutching machine is placed OF q card
ng machine. which takes and runs it
BETWEEN THE TEETH
t q large and small cylinder for the
of drawing out the entangled
ibres and laying them parallel OF in the
anne line of direction and also to re-
move the small pellicles or notes which
nay have escaped the action of the
cutching machine. After being treated
n this WAY. q cOCnber or dOffer takes