Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-07-10

tO explain now this was uOio.
A. the reader Is. perhaps. not familiar
with tho manner Of ordinary Morse iele-
graphy. a. used In this country. the more
dihicult problem Of duplex, and still more
complicated apparatus of the quadruplex.
will be better understood by an explans-
ton 10 the rudiments.
IL Was ascertainei by Sturgeon q Lou
don. in is25. that a bar Of soft iron sur
rounded by n coil VI insulated vim.
through which q current u electricity Is
male To dow. Assunod all the properties
81 q magnet. AMI would attract small
pieces 81 iron or steel, ~ does the ordinary
steel magnet. with which every n IL az
qaslnted /: but the instant tho current
through the wire was interrupted. the iron
assumed il normal condition. Upon this
Professor morse based his electric iele-
graph. an instrument consisting NJ . soft
iron core. bent In form Of . horseshoe,
wound with many convulations o. fins
wire /: upon the ends OF the core Is placed
a piece Of soft iron, attached 10 an upright
rod. the lower end mounted upon an arbor
turning between two adjustable screws,
the upper end playing between two adjust
able stops which limits its movement In
either direction rs desired; TO the hack OF
this armature. a. ID il called, Is connected
. small spring which tends To hold IL Away
from the cores 81 the magnet-the wires
81 tho coro are now connected, u with
| the line To the distant station. the other
with the key or device for opening and
closing the circnit thence to tho battery,
while at the distant station connection Is
male in the anne manner
Now. when a current lows through the
instruments the armatnrs will he attracted
by the magnetism produced In tho cores.
and when the current Is interrupted or
broken no magnetism exists. and the
armatnrc IL drawn away by the spring ;
thus No produce a series of vibrations
upon the srmaiure. each movement eau
sing a sharp click. aud by pr-arrsnged
code Of singnAls, formed Of long and short
pulsations. or dots ani dAshes, the intel
ligrncc is conveyed. The transmitted sig
mails are, of course, produced upon both
instruments at the same time /. hence,
shonll both stations attempt to send
simultaneously, nothing but confusion
would result. neither being able To e
until ono would hal ceased. IL follows,
therefore. that to work In opposite diroc-
ton. at one aud the same time. an ar
rangrment Is necessary. whereby the IA
going current shall not Affect the home In
.trument. but shall produce the necessary
signal at the distant station. aud rice ',T'a.
This Ia accomplished In tho following man
ner: Upon u core OF seft iron he
placed two coils % wire. u wound bou
The core Ina one direction, while the other
was wouni in the opposite direction /; o
wire ~ the first coil was connected To the
line, and one wire % the other coil to a
rheostai. tor box containing q great
amount % fine wire. which offered the
| same amount of resistance As did III. linel,
thence to the earth. while the two remain.
| inr ends, Que from each coil, connected
| with the battery !: thus tho current from
| the battery arriving at tho junction Of the
| two coils, found two paths to pursue and
the route. leing equal. the current was
| equally divided. one portion going through
| one coil 10 the line, the other half through
tho second coil AMI rhsosiat To the
ground.
The current passing equally around the
| core in opposite directions nentralized'
and no effect was produced upon the home
instrument. but the incoming current. or
| rather tho increased current produced 10y
the distant station. upon arriving. had bnt
one rout. through III. nome instrument.
80 that II the outgoing current produced
In each coil q magnetic power OF, say ~,
which uould neutraliza the core. the IN
coming. having but n route. or one coil.
,Snsas ,h,ongh wonlJ Jonble the mower
~ L., Ill 1,iing /, oO. thereby DESTROY.
~ O",Iisrin9 ,ni n,.lnrinr . .ic-
IuS y ~ - ..,,on 4. falling
nat "n"e "n. .,.,ion .a.h enc,
pia.e ~ ~ 10 ,Lo onno.i,o .,,.
yu."sns p.nI A.. 20, In uns,nal
uoh; ahn W. H.. .rr,.n; .nd th.t
eonn'''ons !. ."I,. .Ji,.c,ion. ,r.
two cu'',ns ..ns,slly snp,,sed.
mo- ~, uu..T.,s,.m w,s COOL. tbeoretie-
Whn. oe" ~ H. n,ac,i..IIv of mo
any ~ ",i,n.rv ieny,h' owing
us ~. n,on an. line which rem.
80 \ .xs,.m u-sIc,. until revived bv
~ S,s.rns 81 I,osion. In ISIS. I,y hi.
snaan,. mi lie .npliration OF the
.La,.hx ,hcs t,,ir ,efsct upon The
a.. 4. -.on,ens.t.J iunisx telegrxpby be-
.ans nrar,ir,I success. and h now used
H. an. ,orm b,ss,I npon ,bis principle all
-. n wa.J
o',, tno "o'.u ,,.,,.r Al. .~,,.e;,v NJ
~ 49, .i..irs.l snJ ,iec.
n,ohism mneb
uS" a,,s -. snecc..
a".nVS ras'"o rI."n % ~ yo,l
In nnar,ap presso,t. tbs
I..,ai.,sn =, H. ws.,s,n ifnion reIe-
.rsnh camn.ny. Jeyi.eJ . .,.t,m Of auai-
%snpIex ,elssraphy, which was practically
n.s,i upon Inc company', lines between
New YORK and Boston ; but IL MAS some
What defective. and gave way to the Inn.