, 1877-08-10
ANOTHER TELEPHONE.
The Electro.I1ydro Variation Of That In
Atrufnent,


atrtltnent,
DtiFoti F]rs Prfts.
Since tho public wera FIRST electrified hy tho
exhibitions III tic telephone Inventions of
Messrs, Uruy, Edison, and bell, nearly cvery
electrician In this country has been endcator-
i,,e tn solve the probtom OF d telephone which
would talk directly from A battery, thereby
making It possible 10 communicate over long
distances, aud to repent the agoustica! vibrations
from one ifnc to another as often 1s dcstred
THIS pruhteil has at length been solved by q.
II. Kicllluonu, a dentist aud student of science
residing IN this city, aud IN 50 simple and satl
iactory y Ianncr u to fccsni'Ely defy iniprovc-
meat L. has % nssn tssss, l, Ly afye ssisntIils @
sllu Michigan Agricultural Collrgc, who pro-
uuunecs Mr. Ktciltnol,d's invention a valuable
Antt scientific discovery.
,we fivs the folluwiue brief description Of
Mr.. slelinonl's telephone irosn the tntdel for.
wntded to tho United hlatcs ratent-Of2lcc
through the mecban.s' ard ipventaya' agency
at Detroit: A circular brass frame, about two
Inches IN diameter, Is secured In perpendicular
cd spcaking-tuLc. and to the lover part la se-
cured tlln metallic diaphragm which can he
tislltcnctl 10 proper teihton BY means ol
thunb-srrews. To tile ccntrc Of this diaphragm
Is ao'Lercd small platinum wire about NJ tns:n
and hall lotg, projecting townwas'l. DIRECT
ly under this diaphragm, and incosing thc pa-
tinum wire, Ia a gllss tube two incllcs long asd
aJ|otlt ohc tnch ~ u'anleler, WIN nafa fnutIcr
bottous. Into thla rubber hutton is tlxc,i an.
other piantlnuui wire, ptuJecting upward
through the centre Ut tic gaas tube, Hnd
rcarling within neoat oEc-thisty-%ceond of
a. i3sh Of tho platinum wire a.tsciwd 70
the diaphragm. The gaAs tutc ts filled with
distilled wuterth platinum wire attached to the
diaphragm is conucetcl with q battery, md the
lower platinum wlre attacllr to the main line.
Thtro Is now y constant current Of electricity
pasalng from tho tattcry so, tho main llue bv
WY Ut the pnti'Illn points, through tho wntcr.
Thc scientific fagt on which hlr. RiCllnluni's
discovery IL based Ia tint pure watrt offers a
resistance to ~ tl,e rmssagc Of . current Of clcc-
@rcity ovcs 000 00o times greater than platinum
wire. lseo MiIle1's Chemical Physics, y. 4l1,l
When person speaks or Sings Into tJG
speaking tubc. tue diaphragm yIbrates In unl-
aon With tho voice, snl the volume Of water be.
tween tho platinum points Is alternately liz
creased Or diminished IA unison with tllc y[bra-
ton. 1t therefore follows that. as the volume
III water between thu platinum points 10
Increased or diminished. csirtents Of electricity
nf varying strength arr thrown Into the mali.
tine til exact uEltsou with whatever sound en-
tcrs tho spcaktug- tubc and Is conveyed over tic
lins to t4u receiving instrument, which is au
electromagnetic anl diaphragm Of the ordinary
coMslruction for tctepllomic experimental.
Tho enttrG instrument ID perfectly simple In
its construction, and tho ONLY wulIier Ii that
l,lcn Of the tlrat ability shoutl aye labolcd 81
long and overlooked rr1neinlcs and tarts with
which they must have been familiar, AMI which
appear to tc the only ascflttu through which
si,cccssfnl solution of practical telcphonic COM
nluolcatton tan TIC reachcl.
On tho occasion Ut our visit. the transmitting
instrutucnt AMI battery wrrc located ju Tic o.
Hcc OF Mr Richmond, and the rcrciycr In MI
OTHER o!llce several doors dstaut- Small copper
wires. wires. Insulated, were used gu thc main line,
on nalls, mad being coileA lip carclessly III al
shapes to yet them out ot thu way, having been
originally arranged for much lupge1 circuit.
The battery was also very light, consisting Of
ahout " romlran water tumblcre; yet VIC dis
tinct'y heard talking and singing 81 tic r.
eelEer. took Il 1u sllortlland, a1 repeated It 10
l,nc, as We tal transnlitter, at.ti Consequence
ly gould not "talk back" Mr.. Richmond
elaiMs Tor bis telephone thak 1t can be usel
equally a. we'll u nil ordinary telegraph and
under the same conditions; either the entire
leugth Of d 1inc or cutoff Ut my particular
polnt, without lMpairing ttie distnrtness OF tho
sounds In tho least II will soou be tested to
IT. fullest capacity. 1lr. Richmond ralls h!s iu-
yeutlon tho "clettrohytlTo trtcp.ione.'s