davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
NEVADA ITEMS.

The transcript on appeal In the Rover
case has been filed with the Clerk OF the
Supreme Court. The case will be SGT
for hearing some day this term. We
learn that the Transcript Ia avoluminous
document and would make q large vol.
ums II printed 10 book form. We sup
pose this appeal will virtually decide TT
fate OF Rover and DO the nnal winding
up OF this celebrated case. II the
Supreme Court revsrses the judgment
wo suppose the case will bs dismissed,
and Rover set at liberty ; II the judg-
msnt Ia affirmed then hs has but ono
course left. and that Is an appeal TO the
Board OF Pardons ; but from the indi-
cations Of the present temper OF that
Board, and under It's now departure, BIO
cannot have much hope for elemsncy
from that quarter.
The Carson APPEAL Of this morning
says : Yesterday evening q telegram was
sent to the police Of this city from vir.
ginia giving the description OF q boy
who had stolen quite a sum OF money
from Albert Lovsl. Officers Stern and
Ingraham went 10 the railroad depot In
quest of the young rascal. and nabbed
him within q half hour after the receipt
OF the telegram. His name Is James
Wren, IL years old. In his possession
was found Sal and a ticket from Car.
son to Reno.
The Eureka Consolidated Company
employ lG0 miners and 100 furnace
men ; the Richmond Company, l29
miners aud l65 furnace men; the X X
Company. Ill miners and 30 furnace
men ; the MstAmoras Company, IL
miners and II furnace men; the jackson
Company. ~ miners; the Connolly AMI
Industry Companies, l6 miners /; the
Bald Eagle Company. @ miners; tho
Hoosac Company, O miners; and tho
Hamburg Company, 30 miners.
The shaft on the Golden Rule mins
IL down 30 feet, and will be continued
an additional depth Of 20 feet. 1t IN
being sunk In ledge matter, numerous
strssks OF oxide OF iron having been
met with.
Theodore Hale. at one time Deputy
Controller Of this State. Is now Super.
intendent Of the Alps and other mines,
and Is reported as doing very we'll.
The T~uscarora Rerie,c says that the
new Grand Prize hosting works arc
working satisfactorily.
There 10 u minister In Reno named
brahms. His congregation drink in his
every word.
Hayes, who was shot by Pierce at
Tuscarora, cannot ecove
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES OF WOMEN.
Miss Jennie Collins. In her annual re.
port Of the management OF Bofin's
Bower. says the Boston Herald, refers u
changes which have occurred In indus.
trial smployments since the close Of the
war. and says: Before tho civil wal n
girls wages ranged from IS to $40 per
week. and ~ was the cost Of board. Al
present her wages range from SO TO $50
and upward. but she Is obliged to pay
s. for board. and all that she consumes
IL indirectly taxed TO make up the So.
000. 900 this State annually pays TO keep
breath Ia the vast army OF non.producers.
Women In coarser grades Of work are
paid from 80 to 80 per week. on nm
average ~. One Of them when asked
how shs could live on that amount, an.
swerej, "Like q mouse In n wall"
Women have crowded men out OF their
original domain. not only In the profess
sions. but In the industrial branches. In
this city alons seventy. i've distinct
crafts are open 10 women (mcn are
only needed M assistants), while not
more than nine or ten are exclusively
controlled by the sterner sex. There
are CO, 1000 more womeR than men in the
Commonwealth, but in our hospitals,
almshouses and prisons the latter out
number the former two to one.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
How a Conductor Got HIs Fare.

The Middlstown Press gives the fol.
lowing incident In connection with the
duties Of a popular conductor on tho
Erie railway:
Conductor James Tinney. on leaving
Jersey City recently. found a passenger
ON his train, n woman with a baby In
her arms. who refused to pay her fare.
Not wishing TO put her of the train DO.
tween two stations. being too gallant u
man for that, he allowed her TO ride to
Paterson. At that point the IN got
of, and. in assisting her to alight, Con.
ductor Tinney got possession Of the
baby. lie tucked the juvenile under
his arm, and notified the woman that
when she had paid her fare she could
have the baby. and not before. Tho
baby began kicking and sqalling Ms Con-
ducior Tinney started for the depot.
The woman pursued him. pockst.book
in hand. and finally paid her fare, re-
ceiving in return the baby. On opening
her pocket. book II was seen that shs had
plenty OF money. and her conduct,
therefore, was inexcusabls. The ques-
ton naturally arises. what would Mr..
Tinnsy have done II the mother had
declined to pay. and walked of leaving
the baby in his possession.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

TIE Democratic candidate for Gov
ernor OF Minnesota is not q bit Of an in
fiatiouist, though report said be was the
worst kind Of n one. lie has written q
letter defining his views, which. summed
up, IRE that he favors greenbaeks as a
circulating medium. but he insists that
they shall be brought to a par value with
gold and then substituted for the ma
tional bank notes. There Is nothing
out Of the way with that sort OF doc
,rine, and IL all sreenbacksrs were as
sensible as Mr.. Banning. they would
cease to BE- . nuisance in the country.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

APrLEroS's JOURNAL for November
presents q striking series Of contrasts in
the subjects Of some Of its papers. There
Ia an illustrated article on the scenery.
the towns. and the people. OF Puget
Sound and Washington Territory. and
an eminsntly picturesque description Of
the curious places and odd people on
the volga. in far-otf Eastern Russia
then a new contributor describes in y
fresh and dramatic manner life in the
a~rt.studios Of Paris /; while Mr.. Julian
Hawthorne depicts the great English
volunteer gathering at Wimbledon. In
addition, there are two short stories OF
New England life. and M Of New York
society ; while a second paper on phases
OF far Western life describes the attemp,
TO ~civilize q youthful Blackfoot Indian,
The article. however. that will be likely
to attract most attention is Mr.. Burlin'
games Dead Magazines. an account
Of the American magazines and reviews
that at one time io~urished. but which
time has left ~ wrecks on its shores.
This hitherto unwritten chapter OF
American literary history is ~exce-dingl,
entertaining. Ajax about Theirs -
is full Of excellent gossip pertaining to
this famous Frenehman ; aud MIR. De
Costa has a pleasing and valuable paper
Concerning Autumn" The authors
Of the short stories which are well con
trasted in incidents. and soodin quality,
are Edgar Faweett. Edward Bsllamy.
Lizzie W. Chapney and Rudolph Lin.
dau. Mr.. Reinhart gives us an illustra-
ton to one Of the poems, a w~ell-enecutsd
frontispisce. the subject being antique
and the treatment eminently artistic.
The serial stories. BY Cslis's Arbor -
and Cherry Ripe" are continued. and
the editorial departments are as readable
"A usual-
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

The ~infiationists and anti.Rssump-
tionists are sure the ohis election has
ended the Cabinet career Of Secretary
Sherman aud assured the repeal Of the
Resumption Act. II is difficult to un.
dsrstand why this is 50. Neither party
made any fight worth the name on the
money question. and a Republican Fri.
uuph would have been almost as much
Of a reb1ks to the hard-monsy policy
n. tho Democratic one Is. The policy
Of the Administration does not rise or
fall with the nsver-ssttled financial bat
tic in Ohio.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

A crHrryikp copy Of the will Of Mary
Penn. q relative Of the illustrious VIII
liam. covers seventy square feet OF
parchment. and is on record in the Sur.
rogats's Office at Mount Holly. y. ].
This is the interesting statement which
the tourist who visits the placid capital
Of Burlington county is accustomed to
make at about this Season OF the year.
anl he usually adds that the same office
contains the will Of Joseph Bonaparts,
Count do Survsillers and brother Of
Napoleon J..
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

SEvKRAL Democratic newspapers has
ten to o tho demise OF the Re.
publican party, and are anxious to hold
the funeral without delay. Il is easy
enough to appoint the funeral, but 1t is
another thing to prepare the corpse.
The Republican party is too patriotic to
think Of dying 80 long as the Dsmoc.
racy survives to make mischief.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

IT Was at a party. There were pyra.
mids Of chocolate. vanilla, bisque and
strawberry. and there were fancy fig.
ures Of pigeons kissing. composed Of
pineapple and orange water.iccs. lie
had tried q saucer Of each. and RAJ re.
clining his head against the mantsl
mirror. rejecting on the mutability OF
earthly things. when he was asked by
Hon. Roscoe Cameron how he had en-.
loved his dessert. "Don't mention
it, was the agonizing reply. at IN
like the Civil Service Reform. question
In couventions-liable to come up al
any moment"
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
rnr COOPER INSTITUTE NETTING.

The meeting a week ago last night at
the Cooper Institute. New York. showed
the temper Of the best elements Of the
Republican party in that city. II WAS a
very large gathering. hllins the hall to
i,s utmos, capacity. and it fairly repre-
scented ths respectable. educated and
well-to-do classes. while its high places
were occupied by men Of culture and
good social position. who. IL they are
not always the real leaders Of public
opinion. at least ought to be. These
gentlemen came together with the COLI.
viction that the Rochester Convention
had seriously misreprssented the senii.
msnts OF the party (; but. in making
their protest against their treatment Of
the President. they Recognised the right
Of Republicans to differ in opinion with
out qusrrsllihg; they studied modsra.
ton OF language. and. a one OF the
speakers well expressed 1t. they were
resolved that there should be no factions
in the Republican party. This was
wise and reasonable. and their action
ought not only to encourage Mr.. Hayes.
but to help the Rochester ticket during
the present campaign.
With regard to the details Of the
Presidents plan Of action and tho
choice be has made Of instruments to
carry them out. there Is. even among
the people who woke the echoes OF
Cooper I~nstitute. q considerable disa-
grssmsnt. But it Is plain that intslli
gent New Workers heartily approve what
they believe to DO the spirit and ten
dsncy Of the Administration, and arc
ready. while they think ii is heading in
the right direction. to give ii a generous
support. The sense OF u great popular
meeting manifests itself in better ways
than by resolutions which are drafted
beforehand and applause that may be
p~rsarrapged. and nobody who witnessed
the proceedings Of that night could
doubt that the audience entertained u
sincere respect and admiration for Mr..
Hayes. and sympa,hizod warmly with
his patriotic purposes.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
THAT L,sr CONSIDERATIONS

The Of the San Francisco
CAroaiels. and the contemplate nature
OF Frank Pixley. formerly Of the Chro"-
ic,e. but now Of the Aryoaaut, Is amply
sIsmpliasd by the report OF the Con-
cressional Committee. which has been
investigating the San Francisco Custom
house and Mint. They report to the
Secretary OF the Treasury that both In
s,~itutions are conducted honestly aud
economically; that there Ia. In fact. no
truth whatever in the charges made BY
the CArosieis and Aryoaaut. against the
management; that the charges were
made from pure malice. and are not
even worthy OF notice. OF course the
Secretary will accept this report. and
Mr.. La Grange will continue TO act a.
Superintendent Of the Mint. AL this Ia
very well for Mr.. La Grange. But how
Is IL for the people Of this great Repub-
iicp Another Investigation" which
has COS thousands Of dollars to the ma
ton. and. As usual. nc RESULT
These investigations" arc becom-
ing. not ouly monotonous, but actually
criminal. They simply Afford Con-
grsssmen an opportunity to travel over
the country at tho nations expense. The
Democrats Of the House Of Repressnta-
tivss made uss OF them last Winter to
form campaign documents In the inter
est OF Tilden. The people paid the
bills. The Democrats have again made
use Of them this Fall in California. the
sole object being to defeat Senator Sar.
gent. Aided BY the Chronicle and Aryo-
mad. both Of which papers published
every line Of the thief Pinnsy's tssti-
mony against Sargent and not one wori
in rebuttal. the Democrats succeeded in
stealing tho Golden State /; and-the
people Of the nation pay the bills. Is
IL not about time to put an end to this
Wholesale swindlins Of taxpayers Is
II not time to make known to the politi-
clans that the nation doss not propose
to pay their expenses any longer
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

A YOUNG urchin went into q hat store.
one day last week. and told the clerk
that he wanted a cap. at the same time
putting two cents on the counter. He
vas informed that the cheapest cap in
the store would cost twenty-five cents.
''what," said the youngstsr. ''thsm's
big enough for . csnnon I only wants
one for . pistol"
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
MARRIED.

YAscY-RHoDK-In Ans,in, October II. II. u.
Yaney 10 fmma Rhode.
MPsON-In Reno. October
10. Joseph v. Friedman 10 Miss Auelaide
Thompson.
MrDRRMOTT -McAvoY - In Eureka, Octo.
Der 10, Oven Mcpermott to Misc hary Nc.
Avoy.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

Now does the willy bank director ind
a deficit OF $4,000 and sxclaims, "This
comes Of supporting men In idlensss.
Ordered, that there be q reduction OF 10
per cent. on the salary Of the nisht
Waterman.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

AxoruEn live Colorado beetle has been
discovered in England and summarily
executed. He was discovered In . wood
ward at Swinton 500 after q load OF
wood from the United States bad been
received.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
SPECIAL PREMIUMS.

observation-disclosures LAdies' Tourss.
meut for the most accomplished and graceful
ADV ridsrs. Friday. October ~. 81 II o'eloch =.
eonsist n The soei,ty's silver plate, valued re.
spectIyeiy al 500, SO, SO and 90.
SPECIAL PRRMluM5.-LAdy's hat. value
AIS. rift Of Alvaro Evans; standard edition OF
poems, GIN Of 4. n. Jamison.
choice OF all premiums offered, the second
isdy phsli have iecond choice. and 70 on. Il 10
expectsd that other special premiums will b
aided 10 this list By private contxfbution.
None but ladies OF tho highest rsspsctability
will be allowed 10 compete for prizss. Ladies'
Wishing 10 compete for prizes vii piesss send
nsm.s 70 seerstssy. Endorsed By two msmbsrs
Of the Bociety.
For any desired Information address
JAMEs II. BORLAnD, sserstsu.
Reno, Nsvads.
O. O. BArrTRxAN. Prsid- nj. ssissd
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

A PIECE Of window glass has been
taken out Of q man In Vermont. Pane
in his stomach, probably.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
BORN.

ELsION In Virginia. October II, to the vito
Of George Elstou. . son.
MoRA-ln virginia, October IS, to the vito OF
Fnnk Mora, son.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
Sixth Day Saturday. October %.

rs. TRoTTINa. - Pure. teoo, class, $50;
mile heats, three In nvs, 10 harnes. free for
all: FIRST, $3.50; second. $50; third. 500: entries
20 Close October 9Th.
closed, with the following entries: l.. ].
Ross names bib. m. Beauti ul Bells; =. l..
Daniels names b. q. Dutchmsn : w. I. Pntehard
names Oh. A.. Governor stanford /; W. II. cade
names b. 2. Dirigo; J. N. Killips names br. m.
Lon whippls; George y. Jacobs names (. IN.
Rveot Br,ar; ]. McCord m b. {. Red Cross:
Charles d. Coward names blu. .. General Reno.
10. TRoTTfNG.-Purse, $500; class, as
mils heats, q re In hve, 70 harnesa /; free fer all.
FIrst. $500; second, $500 third. 500.
U,osed with the following entries: W. u.
Jones ame b. h. Defiance /; u. A. Odeil names
b. m, III, Helena ; GEORGE y. Jacobs names GIN.
NAV Howard; X. J. Baldwin names b. z. &c.
james L. J. Rose IN b. 4. Tommy Gates.
Entries 10 races ]. .. . and Z close septembcr
1; 10 all other running races. o. . O'Clock r. y.
the day preceding the race.
Ten per cent. entrance to all the above races.
exccpt purpss I, . . aud 4. Rntrancs money 10
accompany the nominations.
All horses entering for state purres must be
owned and kept In Nevada or California east OF
the sierra Nevada for six mouths prior 70 day
OF racc.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

r IBERAL SPECIAL PREMIUMS FOR ALL
schedule. The Rociety will give, In addition 10
the premiums named, q gold medal 70 tho mott
msritorious exhibition In each department.
The Soc,ctyis silver medal viii be the award OF
hlgheet mort. All premiums over Ave dollars
may. In the discretion Of ths Board Of Tri,teer,
expressly for the purpose.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

Tho Gold Hill Daily News has
now the largest and best
circulation of any evening
newspaper published in the
State Of Nevada. It Is
therefore the very best and
most efficient medium for
business, mining and all
other advertising.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19

Gazette Gold Aedal-yalue, 500.
RENO. August q. 1871.
JAMS u. BontAxD. Secretary: Piesss oftr
q gold m~edsl-value. ti00-from the Etentny
Gd,sfis. for the best and largest cxhihit In any
department 81 your Fourth Annual Fair.
JOHN y. ALEXANDER.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
SPEED PROGRAMME.
First Day-Monday, October Is.

1. B,LINETTH srAKR.-Por thoroughbred
three,year old nilies. Society 10 sdd an amount
equal TO entrance. Da,h ~ one and . half
miles. Entrance, ESQ. Any ally that has pre-
yiously won q racs shall carry nve pounds
extra any nily that has won two races. eisht
pounds extra; any ally that has won three
races. ten pounds sltra. second nlly W save
entrance.
Q. NEVADA HANDIoAP.-Dssh Of enc and
Q quarter miles, frec for ell. Entries 10 close
September ] ! weights announced September IS;
declaration, October I. frtratce. 500. falf
forfeit; s2o only n declared out. society 70 add
500. Second horse TO save entrance.
3. RUNNINa.-Dash OF one mile. freA for
all horses In Nevsda and California east Of the
sierra Nevada. Entrance. $50 the Society Ia
add 500. seco,d horse TO save entrance.
Weights 10 rule.
4. RUNSIN0.-Dsh OF two miles. free for
ell. Rttrance. $3.50; Society 70 add $500: t23
f~arieit. second hore 10 save entrances.
Weights To ruls.
Three or more nominations will be required
to MI the above stakes. The Socieiy will
strictly enforce tho rules for collecting %f0rfciis.
hut viii be responsible for none. In no case
viii thu soeiety give aided money without .
contest.
Second Day-fuesday, October 10.
s. TR0TTIS0.- Pure. tsooi class. 40;
mile hc.ts. three In ave. TO harness free for all
hor-cs In Nevsia aud California east Of the
sierra Nevada. First. $3.50; second. $50;
third, 800.
Ulo.cd, with the following entries. W. n.
Chamberlain names b. m Jewess; l.. N. Breed
names b. Q. Honey Lake Chief; III. Nicholl.
names m. IN. Lulu M. O. Lake names az.
Muerins; J. Wilson names 9. b. Nevada.
{. TROrrINa.-Purre. 5000; class. 221;
q. %i'' r ss.i.i , sssc' .s n ni' is e i, iSirs. , asss '''
Third Day "Wednesday, october II.
Z. RUsSISa.-Parse. ssoi two miles and
repeat, free for all horse In Nevada and Call.
fornis east Of the sierra Nevada. First, $500;
second. t'o0; third. 500.
Q. RUsNIsG.-Purss. $500; one mile and
repeat, ffe' for all. First. $3.50; second, siUo;
third. $50.
o. RuNSING.-Purse, 500; dash OF half
mile; free for all. First. tiOo; second. sTs;
third, t25.
Fourth Day-fhursday, October IS.
10. TRorTISa Purse $1,000; mile heats.
olds In Nevada and California east Of the sierra
Nevada. First. $500 second. $3.50 ; third. $50;
fourth. tltO.
CLOSED. with the following entries; l.. N.
Breed names s.f. L.illie. ~; l.. T. ror names
bib. c. oth-iio; T. W. Norcroes names .. g.
Pedro; A. X. Lamb names o. Tom Fox; IA.
Blossom names 0. C. California.
II. rRorTfNG.-Purse. $500; class. free for
all; mile heats, three In Ave. to harnsss; nst.
asnts....-A SoO0. shlRl aim KnfFfas In rt0aa
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
RAILROAD ARRANGEMENT.

All freight will be shipped 10 and from the
Fair. over the Virginia and Truckes Railroad.
free Of chsrgs.
The Central Pacific will transport articles for
exhibition. within the Stats. hes Of charge;
ri half rates ffom other States.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1877-10-19
Fourth Day-rhursday, October I
Plnh Day-Priday, October 10.

r-p y rG 1rss 20 .i nr1 Pint go; 's :ss' @ni.i ss %
third, ti0O.
Is RUNNING Pursc. $500; mile and re-
peat ffes for all horses In Nevada and Califor
MIA east ~ the sierra Nevads. Fint. $3.50
second. $50; third, 500.
II. TROTTINa Purse. 500; double team.
Closed without required entries. Money 20
be ofc. cd In another class.
, 1877-01-13

The "Joseph Hume Scholarship for
proficiency in jurisprudence,- "a scholarship
of EGO a year for three years,-at Uni
versity College, London, has this year
been gained by a lady, Miss Eliza Orme.
Even Shakespeare, though he ventured
to draw a picture Of a lady pleading the
cause Of a man in danger of death, and
taking some rather fine distinctions with
the laudabIe end of saving her lovers
friend, never ventured to anticipate that
a lady would take up by preference
the science of jurisprudence,-generally
thought the driest and least attractive of
studies,-as an intellectual pursuit. And
probably law, 10 its more scientific aspects,
will never be a very popular pursuit with
women, even though they might very
well acqualnt themselves with enough Of
it to make them very tolerable attorneys
and la~nd-agents. AS to the land agencies,
however, on second thoughts, we hesitate ;
for it is easier to conceive q woman with
a passion for Jurisprudence, than one who
had mastered Sugden's Vendors and
Purchasers" even for the very practical
object of advising her principals on their
contracts for sale or purchase. It is
only intellectual doggedness that can do
that, but there is intellectual doggadness
in some women, though it is rare.
, 1877-01-13
PrOclama.

NLLE og Enhver, som have
u Noget at fordre paa afgangne
Kj0bmand Morris Benjamin Sim
monds, og efterle vende Enke Julia
fodt Roches F@llesbo, indkaldes
herved med 6 Maaneders VarseI til
for undertegnede Skifteret at anmel-
de og bevisIiggj0re deres Krav.
St. Thom@ Skifteret, den 2deu
Januar 1877.
P. NJ. ANDERSEN.