davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
Japan and Her Population.

Japan. on its four thousand islands,
inlets and rocks, with an aggregate area
of about 155, 900 square miles. has pop
ulation of 80, ,625, ,67S, which is greater
than the population of the United
States was according to the census of
1850. The population in the principal
islands is much more crowded than
these returns would indicate, as many
of the islands are only sparsely settled.
New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland and Ohio represent a territory
equal in area to that of Japan, but the
aggregate population of these States in
1870 was only IL l,475, ,S79-nOt much
more than one third of that of Japan
to-day, and yet these States are among
the most thickly populated in the Union.
In Japan there are 2l6 inhabitants to the
square mile of territory; in the States
mentioned above, taken as a whole,
there are only "a inhabitants to the
square mile. The Japanese are an in
dustrious and enterprising people, and
they are making rapid strides in the
introduction TO their country of the
better features of European and Ameri-
can civilization. They are preparing
now for the first of a series of annual
industrial exhibitions, of which advan-
tage should be taken by American man
ufaeturers. Japan is distant market,
but the United States is nearer to it
than any other great manufacturing
country.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
The Unhappiness OF Childhood.

There is common way of talking of
the period of childhood as If it were one
of perpetual happiness. Grown up
people are so far removed from their
early days, that in many eases, they
seem to forget what they endured as
children. They think of themselves as
having been happy, strong, free from
care, light heartbeat least in contrast
with the various conditions of life and
thought in which they now find them
selves, it seems as if they had been so !;
and they speak of happy childhood as if
entire happiness were the normal con-
ditien Of human beings in the early
stages of their existence.
1t is probable that there are some
persons who can look back upon an un-
interruptedly happy childhood, and,
when that is the case, they have mem
ories to be stored up which are, indeed,
priceless in value. But it is true, in
far more cases than the popular reckon
ing allows, that childhood is period
in which there is very little of positive
happiness, and very much of actual
suffering and unhappiness. Not only
are there the small griefs incident to
the discipline necessary for childhood
the petty disappointments which seem
so keen, the self denials which appear
so great, the restraints as to the exercise
of will which the necessary rule of
home or school imposes-but there are
far keener sufferings than these. There
are the cases of children whose whole
life is one of suffering, of actual or i'm
pending illness, who may, perhaps, by
constant care, grow up to be men and
women in tolerable health, but who
never can look back on a time when, in
their childhood, they were strong and
well. People are apt to think that such
children as these have their compensa-
tions in the extra care snd love given to
them; but, let anyone who has had ex-
perience of such childhood look back
to it, and say if the unhappiness of ILL
ness did not render life very sad. There
is, above all, the unhappiness of mis-
managed and misunderstood children.
There are children of peculiar tempera-
ments. whose whole lives are rendered
burden to them by the fact that the
persons set over them, either parents,
guardians, or teachers, have been desti-
tute of sympathy for them, and have
not thought it worth while to try what
change in the plan of managing them
would do. Harriet Martineau and the
young Brontes seem to have been chill
dren misunderstood; and their strong
natures struggled through into brighter
lives, yet there as hundreds, nay, thou
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
Sand Showers.

The singular phenomena of sand
showers occurs every year in China.
During the showers there is neither
cloud nor fog in the sky, but the sun
is scarcely visible, looking very much
as when seeu through smoked glass.
The air is filled with fine dust, enter
ing eyes, nostrils and mouth, and often
causing serious diseases of the eye.
This dust, or sand, as the people call it,
penetrates houses, reaching apartments
which seem securely closed. 1t is sup
posed to come from the great desert of
Cobb, as the sand of Sahara is taken up
by whirlwinds and carried hundreds
of miles away.
The Chinese, while sensitive to the
personal discomfort arising from these
showers, are resigned to them from a
conviction that they are great help to
agriculture. They say that year of
numerous sand showers is always a
year of large fertility. The sand prob
ably imparts some enriching elements
to the soil, and it also tends to loosen
the compact alluvial matter of the
Chinese valleys.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

There is no use in getting into heat
over drawing-roOm furniture. We
shall spare ourselves much discussion
if we can agree upon certain definitions.
In the first place, cart decoration" as
it is commonly used, is confusion of
terms. The most of our decoration has
nothing to do with "art;" it is merely
following a fashion, indulging in a
taste for ornament, and may be guided
by not the least knowledge or feeling
for art. There is no art in sticking a
lot of colored figures upon jar and
putting on a coat of varnish. There is
no art in painting a jar or decorating
Jar, unless the decorator is an artist.
We are in danger of running the snb-
stance for mere show. The ornament
ing of our houses is all right, if We
don't babble too much about art and
aesthetic culture, and fancy that we
are artistic when we have not learned
the first rudiments of real art.
The sin of the age, especially here in
auicIICd, lc oupcihSAoAtt1' @hAo bhAo
decorative mania illustrates it. \ short
cut to art seems to have been discovered
just as years ago a short cut was found
to painting in what was called " Grecian
painting disease that ragged most in
the rural districts, and left its spit
marks" in so many desolate homes.
Now it seems possible for everybody TO
be an "art decorator" in her own house
and in the houses of all her friends.
In one respect we do not object to this,
as we shall say presently, but the danger
is that it shall have mere run, like
the fashion ofa garment, and pass away
without leaving any marks of real cul-
tiyation. II is superficiality taking
the place of real culture, which can
only be obtained by patient study.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
Facts,
The perihelion passed the equator
a. 4, ~

The perihelion passed the equator
about the year 5000 B. c.
In 1911 the printing-machine was in
vented by Kenig; it perfected 900
sheets in an hour.
Mersenni described the rejecting
telescope in 1888, and Hall made the
first achromatic i'm 175O.
The cold at Tabreez, in Persia, Is so
intense in February that persons are
constantly frozen to death.
Wakes and annual feasts were estab-
lished by the Teutons in celebration of
the saint's-day of the parish church.
The Red Sea is as hot as any part of
the world. The thermometer ranges
during fourteen hours of the day from
81 to 1l2 degrees.
In 1919 Belzoni visited Ell Wah, the
oasis containing the temple of Jupiter
Ammon. 1t is in ruins, but he was not
allowed to approach it.
In So B. c. Britain was invaded by
Caesar, who landed in Kent, and after
marching beyond the Thames and
building Dover Castle, withdrew the
Romans.
Mohammed Ali in 1919 made a canal
in two months 4S miles long and 80 feet
wide by Is feet deep, and on which he
employed at once $50, 900 men.
In New South Wales the coolest
month averages "a degrees and the
hottest IS degrees. 1t rains about 100
days in the year. The northwest wind
is scorching sirocco. The air is gen.
orally dry, but the night dews are
heavy.
Achmet the First, who died aged 30,
in 1917, kept I, 900 women in his seraligo
and 4O, 900 falconers i'm his hunting es-
tablishment. He erected the famous
mosque in the Hippodrome.
The wall of Adrian ana Severus, built
to prevent the irruptions of the Scots
and Picts, extended from the Tyne to
Solway Firth, and was 80 miles long,
u feet high and in thickness, with
watch-towers.
From the Twelfth to the fifteenth GEN.
tury the barons of England were so in
dependent of the sovereign that they
often made formal wars on each other.
They tried causes and administered
justice in the Baron's Court, in the great
hall of their castles, and had prisons
within them and they also coined money.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
- -
TENDERNESS.

Not unto every heart is Gods good gift
OF simple tenderness allowed we meet
With love IN m ny fashions when we lift
First to our lips lifes waters bitter sweet
Love comes upon us with resistless power
of curbless psssion. snd with hesdstrong will,
1t plays around like April's breeze and shower,
Or calm flows. a rapid stream, and still
1t comes with blessedness to the heart
That welcomes it Alright or-bitter fate,-
1t wrings the bosom with SO fierce a smart,
That love, We cry, is crueler than hate
And then, ah me, when love has ceased to bless,
Our broken hearts cry out for tenderness.
We long for tenderness like that which hung
About US lying on our mothers breast;
A selfish feeling that no pen nor tongue
Can praise Alright since silence sings it best
love, as far removed from psss on's heat
As from the chilliness of its dying fire;
A love to lean on when the failing feet
Begin to totter. and the eyes to tire.
In youths brief hey-day hottest love we seek,
The reddest rose We grasp-but when it dies
God grant tkat later blossoms violets meek,
May spring for us beneath life's Autumn skies
God gra # some loving one be near to bless
Our weary way with simple tenderness,
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

A number of ladies and gentlemen
assembled at the tent Of General Hunt
in Summeryille, recently, to witnes:
what is seldom seen in America, or in
any others country-the cutting and
dissection of a beZoar. or medicine stone
At the appointed hour the beautiful
gem was placed on the table, inspected
and admired by all present. Professor
Holmes then gave a short description
of the bezoars found in Eastern coun-
tries, comparing them with those OF
America, or more properly of South
Carolina. The name bezoar was, he
said, derived from the Persian words
''pa zahar." which signifies against
poison. In the East they are called
medicine stone; in Africa, bag stones
or charm stones. The specimen ex-
hibited on this occasion is about the
size of large hens egg, of notified
yellow color, with a tint of brown, hav-
ing its entire surface highly polished
The polish is natural, caused by the
action of the muscles of the stomach of
the animal in which it was found upon
each layer of mineral matter deposited
A piece of scantling having been pre-
pared and mortised with cavity just
large enough to contain the stone, ii
was imbedded therein firmly with plas-
ter-Of-Paris, the better to prevent flax
ing or crumbling, to which, from its
laminated and brittle structure. it is
peculiarly liable. With very fine and
highly tempered saw, it was then cut
longitudinally through the middle,
which took but a few minutes. During
the cutting some little excitement was
evinced as to what the nucleus or con-
tents of the stone would prove TO be.
Upon opening the bezoar, the nucleus
proved to be large and perfect acorn,
which, several gentlemen present i'm
mediately recognized as that OF the
white oak. 1t was covered by four lay
ers of lamina of a mineral substance,
composed generally of phosphates and
carbonates of lime and iron, and some
sileX. The mold of the acorn is very
perfect, having all the external mark
ings of the fruit. There are two i'm
pressions, apparently made by the teeth
of the animal before swallowing the
nut. Acorns are a favorite food of
Carolina deer. During the autumnal
months their tracks are almost always
to be found under the oaks Of the for
est which have borne acorns.
This is the third specimen of bezoar
that has been cut and examined by
Professor Holmes, and we believe the
only ones ever dissected in America.
The nucleus found in the first beZoar
was a flattened ball or buckshot with a
fragment of the skin and Il few hairs ;
the animal had undoubtedly been
wounded six years before it had beer
killed, as there were six layers or Ia
mime of mineral matter surrounding
the buckshOt. The second bezoar cut
contained pebble of quartz.-Charles-
ton Netrs
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

sands, of children, set down sullen
dogged. obstinate, and treated with
harshness, who live lives of dull
wretchedness because they do not know
what is wrong with them, and no one
takes pains enough to try to set things
straight for them and make them
happier. Again, there are clever chill
dren weighed down by utterly unintel-
lectnal surroundings, forbidden to read
because reading is "a waste of time, -
kept to mere mechanical work, and
never allowed to indulge fully their love
of study. At one period of her child
hood Mrs. Somerville seems to have
suffered good deal from this.
Of course, nothing could be more un-
wise than to allow all the whims and
fancies of children to have their way
unrepresse6. Such a course of action
would merely add the misery Of undi-
sciplined will to the others which chill
dren suffer. But that childhood is often
time great, even of morbid unhappi-
ness, is statement that no rejecting
persons, especially those who have had
much to do with children can deny.
We have been led to the consideration
of this subject by the recent sad occur
renee OF the suicide of a young boy
one of the pupils of a great public
school. He complained of having been
badly treated by boy older than him
self; he ran away twice from school he
had been punished and fiogged for mis-
behavior, and the poor child found
refuge from what seemed to him an
unavoidable accumulation of miseries
in death by hanging. He was said to
have been. obstinate; it was also de-
clared that no terrorism could have been
exercised over him without the know
ledge Of the superior authorities of the
school. But the fact remains, that to
the poor lad life had become so miser-
able that he could endure it no longer.
The jury gave verdict of temporary
insanity" but what a revelation of un-
happy childhood does this bring before
US! Cases of the commission of suicide
by children are, after all, not very un-
common. How sad must have been the
condition of these poor sufferers Child
hood to them was all unhappiness.
The lessons for parents, and for all
who have to do with children are obvi-
Gus. Children are as different in their
natures and temperaments as grown up
people are, and they are infinitely more
sensitive, making them easier both to
manage and to mismanage. Children
cannot be governed by any stern, I'M
varying rule; they must be treated
according TO the difference in their
characters. Above all, children who
appear morOse, obstinate, unhappy,
should not be made more so by punish
ment-they are wretched enough al
ready. To alleviate, not to.inerease, the
unhappiness of childhood should be the
aim of all who have the welfare of chill
dren at heart.-The Queen.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
Words and What Of Them:

The physicist classifies substances a:
gases, liquids and solids. A very ac.
curate analogy may be instituted by
saving that thoughts are gases, word:
are liquids and actions solids.
They all have an effect upon hin
with whom they originate and upon
him to whom they are communicated.
In this view of the case the tongue
becomes a peculiarly dangerous mem.
Der. Most people are willing to grant
this, so far as it has to do with Others
than with him who uses it, but few
people seem to understand that it ha:
an influence upon him who owns it
The truth in the case is not affected
by their not knowing it. Words 60 out
from us but they leave an impres:
behind them. The mind is affected by
them. 1t is plausible to suppose that
no speech however jocular or howeves
serious was without effect on the mind
of the speaker.
A man in half determined state OF
mind can forever settle question by
talking on the subject even though he
talk to himself only.
Not only so, but the idea is more fully
illustrated i'm many other cases i'm life.
The man who habitually uses slang,
thinks slang and acts slang.
He who constantly engages in light,
frivolous conversation gets to be very
accurately described by the common
phrases frivolous fellow" light
headed" &c.
Life becomes farce to him who con-
tinually seeks the ludierous in CONVEX
sation.
To him who is given to excessive hy-
perbole it becomes lie.
A man may speak falsely until he
can no longer distinguish between the
false and true.
The great sin of profanity consists
not so much in using certain combina-
tions of articulate sounds, which men
call profanity as in the fact that by this
utterance, men destroy their capability
or faculty of reverence.
He who uses indelicate expressions
becomes vulgar at heart.
''If any man offend not in words, the
same is perfect man, and able also to
bride the whole body. Behold we put
bits i'm the horses mouths, that they
may obey us, and we turn about their
whole body.
Behold also the ships which though
they be so great and are driven of fierce
winds, yet are they turned about with
a very small helm, whittier sOever the
governor listeth. Even SO the tongue is
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

a little member, and boasteth great
things. Behold how great a matter a
little fire kindleth! And the tongue is
a fire, world of iniquity: so is the
tongue among our members, that IL de-
dieth the ,chOle body, and setteth on fire
the course of nature; and is set on
fire of hell.''
Laws against swearing were strictly
enforced during the times Of the Com
monwealth, and with the largest pos
sible Interpretation against the accused.
We are reminded of the reproof that
Sir Walter Scott puts into the mouth of
Cromwell, "What can it avail thee to
practice profanity so horrible to the
ears of others, and which brings no
emOlument to him who uses it,"
Every oath was counted. For single
oath the fine was Us. Sd, but the charge
was reduced to IS. i'd. each ION taking
a quantity" Humphrey Trevett, for
swearing ten Oaths, was committed till
he paid 33s. to the poor of Hart
ford, John Huische, of Cheriton, was
convicted for swearing twenty-five
Oaths and two curses at one time. OF
course, the greater number of these ca
ses were disposed at petty sessions
without being sent for trial. One jus
tice returned the names of the persons
whom he had convicted of swearing
since the previous session. We are not
left without examples of what was con-
sidered swearing in those days. Will
liam Hearding, of Chittiehampton, for
saying two several times in court,
"upon my life," was adjudged to be in
the act of swearing, for which he paid
Is. Sd. Thomas.Butland was fined for
swearing ION my troth." Gilbert
Northcott, had to pay 3s. 4d. for saying
''upon my life." Thomas Courtiss was
fined for swearing in court, ''God is my
witness" and 81 speak in the presence
of God"
Christopher Gill, being reproved by
Mr.. National Durant, clerk, ''for hav-
ing used the oath Gods life in dis
course" went and informed against the
minister himself for swearing.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07
Humility.

The loveliest, sweetest flower (humili-
ty) that bloomed in paradise, and the
first that died, has rarely ROssomed
since on mortal soil. 1t is so frail, SO
delicate thing, it is gone if it but look
upon itself; snd she who ventures to
esteem it hers proves by that single
thought she has it not.-lMrs. E. Fry.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

Nothing is 80 beneficial to a young
author as the advice Of man whose
judgment stands constitutionally at the
freezing point.-Dougldss Jerrold.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

The municipal dog tax Of Paris is
estimated at $133, 800 for 1876. 1t has
increased In thirteen years 65 per cent.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

thing, between pretty woman and a
clever lawyer"
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1877-11-07

There are sixty-one National banks
in Boston.
Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1877-12-01

The other evening the Rev. Mr.
Philac.er sat down at the tea table
with q very thoughtful air, and at
tended to the wants of his blood in
a very distracted manner. Present.
" he looked up at his wife and
said:
1.-The Apostle Paul"
"Got On awful lum on the head
'safternoon," broke in the Pastors
eldest son, playing base ball. But
flew out of the strikers hands when
I was umpire, and cracked me right
above the ear, an dropped me.
Hurt? Golly!" and the lad looked
like a billiard ball with hair on it.
The pastor gravely paused for the
interruption, and resumed:
"The Apostle Paul"
"Saw Mrs O'Gheminie down al
Greenbaum's this afternoon" said
his oldest daughter addressing he,
mother" She had on that same old
everlasting black silk, made over
sssviI6iS vSst n tiifeuf green silk, cost
tail basque pattern, overskirt made
with diagonal folds in front, edge,
with deep fringe; yellow straw hat
with black velvet facing inside the
bri.n, and blue flowers. She's going
to Chicago" !.
The good minister waited patient.
", and then in tones just shade
louder than before, said:
"The Apostle Paul"
"Went in swimmin' last night
with Harry and Ben, pop, and
stepped on clam shell" exclaimed
his youngest son, "cut my foot SO
can't wear my shoe; and please CAM
I stay home tomorrow
The pastor informed his son that
he might stay away from the river
and then resumed his topic. He
said:
"The Apostle Paul"
"My teacher is an awful liar,
shouted the second son; " he says
the world is as round as an orange
and it turns round all the time faster
than circus man can ride. guess
he hain't got much sense"
The mother lifted warning finger
toward the boy and said, "sh! ant
the father resumed:
"The Apostle Paul says"
"Don't bite off twice 40 much q
you can chew" broke out the eldes
son. reproving the assault Of his littl'
brother en- a piece OF cake. Th'
pastors face showed just a triAe o
annoyance as he said, in firm, de
cided tone:
The Apostle Paul says"
There's a hy in the butter.
shrieked the Youngest hopeful of tn
family. and q general laugh followed
When silence Was restored the cldes
daughter with an air OF eunosit
SAID:
Well, bat. pa. I really would hk
B. know what the Apostle Par
snad
Pass me the Ean<sarl. sasA Il
pastor shseztiy-