Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1877-11-23

| "heh IL was placed IN repair by the Italian
architect FOscati. at the instance of the Sui
tan Abdul Meiid His work lasted through
two years. and was completed under great
dlthcultles. Only the zeal of Eeschid Pasha,
1t Is said, enabled him to bring it to sue
cessful end.
The tltramontane Movement In Canada.
| Mr.. Charles Lindsey, of Toronto, a
Canadian journalist, contributes to the
North American R,rieu an able and inter
esting paper under the above title. The
main field Of this movement has of course
been the Province Of Quebec, about three
tourths of the population of which is of
French origin, and four-ffthsofit of the Cath
Ole faith. The movement owed its success
largely to the zeal of Bishop lgnace Bour-
get, who occupied the Episcopal See of
Montreal for period of thirty-six years.
The new departure sanctioned by the last
| Ecumenical Council found in him an eager
propagandist. One of the earliest fruits of
the movement was the formation of body
of Canadian POntifcal Zouaves, composed
mostly of young men of good family, who
took up arms to aid in the defence of the
temporal power ofthe Pope. Many of these,
returning to their native land with their
arior for the cause only strengthened by
| defeat, became prominent in advancing Ultra
montanism, as journalists. teachers and
politicians. The clear-sighted Bishop eS-
tablished journals in English aud French
under the control Of the clergy and all op-
position in the columns of Catholic journals
OF more moderate views was followed by nut
ting the otlendiug newspaper under the han
and iorbdding its peruSal to all good Catho-
lies. The Pope vouch>ated his special blessing
TO writers of the new school. The publisher
of one French Vaper-the Courier du Cam
sda, converted from Liberalism to strong u
tramontane views-received the blessing of
Plus IN, which embraced his children to
the third generation. Less compliant Jour
mails were publicly mathematical, and as
consequence were obliged to cease publica-
tion.
In 1871, what was for some time known
in Canadian politics as the "PrOgramme'
was issued This document was based on a
pastoral letter of the Bishop of Three Rivers,
and required legislative candidates to pledge
themselves to make the laws relating To edu-
cation, marriage and the erection OF par
ishes to conform to the views of the church.
1t denounced the separation of Church and
State as an absurd and impious lUc;rine,
and insisted that none should be elected TO
legislative positions who were not in full ae-
~ Lee 81,
system of which the '.PrOsramme" was the
forerunner was more completely systema-
tizcd. Previously the clergy had remained
neutral in politics. merely giving their focks
good advice on general principles, but not
attempting to dictate as to particular candi
dates. But that was for the future to
be changed. \ joint letter of eight
bishops, dated September 22i. 1873, claim
ed for the clergy absolute directions OF elec
tions Priests were instructed to declare
with all the authority of their office that to
vote in opposition to the church was sin.
The church was declared independent of
civil society and superior TO it, and its reI-
resentatives empowered to give directions to
the civil authorities. Candidates who ''de-
MED the rights of priests to interfere in
elections; who desired the separation Of
church and State who sustained PROPOSE
tions condemned by the Syllabus; who re-
iected the interventions Of the Pope, the
bishops AMI the priests, in the affairs of
government who criticised and censured
the mandates and circulars of bishops and
the instructions of pastors on the subject of
elections who favored journals, books,
and societies which the church condemns"
I.& ,,tal 81
eligible. An appeal tp Rome followed, in
which the Ultramontanes were completely
victorious. The Bishop of Three Rivers,
sent to the POpe as delegate, returned with
brief dated December 18th. 1876, in which
the Head of the Church endorsed the action
of the bishops in these terms ''We rejoice
chiefly" says Pins lX.. "at the care you
take to inculcate, among the Cana
dian people, sound doctrine, and to ex-
plain to them what regards the nature, the
constitution and the rights of the church"
The bishops were praised for having raised
Il warning voice against the errors of Liber-
alism. The Bishop of Rimouski, in COM
municatng this brief to the clergy of his
diocese, rejnieed that 1.-The supreme head of
the church formally approves the teachings
contained in our letter upon the constitution
and rights of the church.
Everywhere the pulptl rang with de-
nunciations OF "LiheralS,' Moderate
Liberals" "Gallclns," or by whatever de-
signation ssthose who. though claiming
to be good Catholics, had opposed the
pretcnsinns of the hierarchy, were
known. The political "Liberals' chang
ed their party nar.e let they should
L., Tn rho
church At every election the influence
of the cures made itself felt. Electors were
threatened with temporal penalties, such as
the destruction of the harvest as well as
spiritual judgments TIE Liberals were de-
pictcd aS men who would wade in the blood
OF priests and bishops, and To- yo;c for them
was To overthrow religion. In the case OF
the Charlevuix election several witnesses
testified that they voted for the candidate Of
the priest under terror of eternal damna,on.
The election was contested on the ground OF
undue spiritual influence, but Judge
Routhier jcclied that the priests were only
fulfilling their natural duties as guardians
of public morality. The Supreme Court,
however, declared the election void, on the
ground of undue influence and the 'xercisc
of a general system Of intimidation. Prcsl-
Gus 10 this decision, one Oi similar tenor had
been given in another case where recall
citrant voters had been told that they would
he refused the sacrament thus the first
effective blow WAS struck at UltramuntanlSm
in Dominion affairs The latest phase of
the situation Is that the bishops of Quebec, /
under the inspiration of the Ahegate Bishop |
Cunray, sent 10 Canada on mission from /
Rome, have published another Jiint letter
di4cinming any intention Of invading the |
domain of political parties. They do not.
however, retract the claim that the rights of .
the church are above those of the State, and |
though circumstances in the shape Of an in
flexible judiciary and an aroused public |
opinion prevent it, too defiant assertion,
there is no doubt that they only lack the OF |
nnrtupitv To enforce it to the full