The New York herald., 1877-03-02

Is not new one. The ice We met with In the two
German Polar expeditions the east coast OF Green
land IN is6s-7o rose I've speak Of the altitude OF the
hummocks to IRON forty to eighty feet above the level
OF the sea LIS total thickness. therefore, could NOS
have been less than that Of the Lincoln Sea
Tho English Expedition has introduced new term,
"noeberg' TO distinguish different kinds forna-
tions. AT first imagined this term employed TO
designate one OF those mountain masses, formed BY
immense pressure. OF small area but considerable
height, which look like q chaotic mass formed Of
broken fragments, until received copy Of the Illus
tdt>d London News, and found there q number OF
sketches o cc formations furnished by one Of the
members OF the expedition. have seen
sketches ot every kind OF Polar ice that more
true 10 nature. Among them was masterpiece. rep
rcscntng an iceberg divided into two parts, and 10
my surprise saw written underneath the word ''foe
berg" II all tho "hoebergs which the expedition
north OF Cape Union were ice formations OF The
kind they were not "hoeborgs" which they saw, but
iccbergs lcebergs, as a rule, are not steep and
craggy by lar as they are generally supposed be-
the contrary, they present, tor the part dis
tinguishng feature beyond that OF a confused noun
tan mass. Their Characteristic feature that Of
any particular height ccbcrgs being generally from
thirty 10 hity feet above the surface OF the water
they are Of simple contorr and different IRON foe
ice both IN color and structure cebergs OF this kind
Of moderate height and simple construction, covered
with snow. are difficult to distinguish from called
"noebergs" small icebergs therefore, that the
expedition saw north OF Cape Union, the offspring
small glaciers, such as are seen on tue neighboring
Coasts This conclusion, however, is based upon the
presumed correctness Of the sketches.
The cxpeaiiion see, suffered IRON scurvy notwith-
standing II doubtless provided with every remedy
against u that modern science could suggest The
necessarily restricted space at my command will not
admit of my going the subject at any great
aud besides II is hardly necessary seeing that have
entered into II iuy In my book would here observe,
however, that all tho remedies hitherto employed
unavaing IN The absence OF fresh mcaI Lemon juice,
raw potatoes, tart .ruit (no mineral acips) fresh
vegetables, wine, BARN. exercise IN The open AIR
and chcerfulpess, however valuable they may be
AS proventivcs Of scurvy, In tho nigh north they
weigh altogether AS nothing IN the scale against
fresh meat | could cite numbercss instances that
occurred In the course oil my experience OF Polar
petitions, IN which all tho so-called remedies were
totally neglected aud scarvy ontrey prevented by tho
use OF rcsh meat.
rhe reason why scurvy broke out 50 formidably in
the expedition OF Captain Mares not far TO seek. 1t
arose partly from the want OF fresh meat, and partly
from tho EXTRAORDINARY exertlons attenIant upon
sledLc Journeys OF such long duration
The Alert and the discovery passed the winter under
favorable crcumtances Spring set ill., and with II tho
time when scurvy usually makes 1t appearance In
sequence OF insufficient noursh with fresh meat
The crews OF both ships. but especially that Alert
we're Weakened and rendered less abe than they other
wiso would have been 10 resist Tho inroads OF
scurvy, and IN this condition they entered upon
their siedge journeys. During the several mon this
which these journeys lasted other in uences at
work which Increased their susceptibility TO scurvy-
want Of fresh meat insufficient means OF satisfying
hunger and hrsibecause IN sicdgc journeys It Is i'm
possible 10 take much uggarc-,mmense bodily exer-
tion, more less disturbed ana uilicicnt Sleep
mental depression, arising from the not over bright
prospect OF sat sactory result at brst intense cold
then continual vet, lndequac covering for feet, &c
Under these circumstances II IL wonder that they
were nearly all worn out aud that 50 manv died. In
the absence Of fresh tho sledge cxcur rsonlsts 8
VIII propaoy nave ieu upon peinmcan, winch IN itself
Is not so bad, but II II was us ia as IL generally s,
beng often too frequently eaten II would Indl-
gestion induce thirst and bring on darrhma
In reerence TO tho last Polar Expedition the question
forces ltsolf upon the probability OF renewal Of
such undertakings IN the iuture However des II
may be 10 undertake. Polar expedition, in the sense
recommended by Lieutenant Wcyprecht, an absolute
cessation OF them, for geographical purposes
less Ia not TO DO expected, for II appears that tho
Americans contemplate sending out no distant
period. Ia preparing Tor such expcdition thcro
VIII unQuesonably be renewal OF the controversy as
to which Is the most suitable route to take ordor
to penetrate into the aud stil unknown region
OF the North Pole just II debate ed
whether this problem could DO best solved by
taking the northwest tho northeast passage.
shall be under the necessity. then Of falling back
Pcermanns proposition to proceed either cas-, or
west from Spitzbcrgcu, and renew the track ot tho
Greenland tho Gcrnania tho lsbjorn and tho cgctt-
hon. The Sptzbergcn route, IT is true, may not AFFORD
the advantage oi coast water, but II might perhaps
lead 10 repetition Of tho fate and results OF tho
Tcgctthon, JULIUS PAYER