Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1877-12-05

BY the terms of the treaty defining the rights,
lmmnniics and privileges Of consus between
Italy and the United States, ratified in 1868 either
government may, after the lapse OF ten years,
terminate the existence Of the treaty by giving
twelve months notice OF its intention The gov
eminent Of Italy, ayaiing itself Of this faculty,
has now given the required notice and the treaty
will accordingly end ON the nth Of September,
1878. 1t IL understood, however, that the Italian
government wishes to renew II in its general
scope, desiring only certain notifications Ia some
OF It's articles In this disposition concur, and
shall hope that no serious obstacles may inter
yene TO prevent delay the negotiation Of salts
factory treaty.
GERMAN IMMIGRATION QUESTION.
Numerous questions In regard to passports, nat
uralizaton and exemption from military service
have continued 10 arise in cases of emigrants from
Germany who have returned ~ theii native conn
try. The provisions Of the treaty Of February %,
1868, however, have been proved To be so ample
and 80 iudicous that the Legation Of the United
states ut Berlin has been able 10 adjust all claims
arising under IT, not only without detriment to
the anicable relations existing between the two
governments but 1t Is believed without injury or
Injustice to duly naturilized American citizens.
u is desirable that the treaty originally made with
the North German JniOn In 1861 should now be
extended so as to apply equally 10 all the states
oil the Empire OF Germany.
THE FRENCH EXPOSITION
The invitation Of the government Of France to
PARTICIPATE In the exposition Of the products OF
agriculture industry and the fine arts, ~ be held
~ faris during the coming year, WAS submitted
Tor your consideration Mt the extra session II Is
not doubted that its acceptance by the United
States, and a well selected exhibition Of the pro-
ducts OF American industry on that occasion will
tend TO stimulate international commerce and
emigration, as well as tO promote the traditional
friendship between the two countries
THE BRITISH ExrRAprrloN TREATY.
question arose sometime since as to the proper
N pyt rtfaI nft nf
ISL, between the United States and Great
Britain Both governments, however, are now
~ accord IN the belief that the question Is not Que
that should be allowed to Illustrate the ends of
Justice or to disturb the friendship between the
TWO nations No serious difficulty has arisen In
accomplishing the extradition Of criminals when
necessary 1t is probable that all points Of dis
agreement will in due time he settled, and, If
needs be, more explicit declarations in a new
treaty.
TRADE MARKS
treaty for the protection Of trade marks has
Deen negotiated with Great Britain, which has
peen submitted to the Senate for its consideration.
MEXICAN AFFAIRS
The revolution which recently occurred in
Mexico was followed by the accession Of the sue
cesstuil party 10 power and the installation of its
chief, General Provincio Daz, in the presidential
Office. 1t has been the custom of the United
States, when such changes of government have
heretofore occurred in Mexico, to recognize and
eminent as soon rs it should appear to have the
approval OF the Mexican people, and should mani
lest disposition to adhere to the obligations Of
treaties and international friendship. In the pres
ent case such official recognition has been deferred
by the occurrences on the Rio tir;inde border the
records OF which have already been communicated
To each house of Congress in answer to their re-
spectlNe resolutions of inquiry Assurances have
been received that the authorities at the seat of
the Mexican government have both the DISPOSE
.loh ana the power to prevent and punish such I'M
lawful lnvasons and depredations 1t is earnestly
To be hoped that events may prove these assur-
ances to be well founded. The best interests OF
both countries require the maintenance Of peace
upon the borders and the DEVELOPMENT of COM
lnerce between the two republics. 1t il crafty
ing TO add that this temporary interruption Of
Official relations has not prevented due attention
by the representatives of the United States In
Mexico and the protection OF the American cit-
zens, us FAR ny practicable, nor has it nteriered
with tile prompt payment of the amounts due
from Mexico to the United States, under the
treaty OF July lth, 1868. and the award of the
joint commission. While do not anticipate nm
interruption OF friendly relations with Mexico
yet cannot but look with some solicitude ul,on Il
continuance of border disorders as exposinu the
two countries to limitations of popular feeling aud
mischances of action which are naturally unfavor-
able 10 complete unity. Firmly determined that
nothing shall be wanting on nv part to promote
IA good understanding between the two nations
must ask the attention of Congress to the
actual occurrences on the border, that the lives
and property of our citizens may be adequately
protected and peace preserved.
THE CUBAN lNsuRREcTioN
Another year has passed without bringing to n
close the prOtfacted contest between the Spanish
government and the nsurrection in the island OF
Cuba. While the United States have sednlousl,
hOstained itom any intervention in this contest IL
is impossible not to feel it is attended by incidents
affecting the rights of American citizens Apart
from the effect of the hostilIties uron trade be-
tween the United States and Cuba, their progress
| is inevitably accompanied by complaints, having
more or less foundation, of Searches arrests, en-
bargoes and oppressive taxes upon the property of
American residents and Of unprovoked Interior
ence with American vessels and commerce 1t il
due To the government of Spain to say that dur
| ing the past year II has promptly disavowed and
| offered reputation for any unauthorized acts of
unruly subordinates whenever such acts have
been brought 10 Its attention. Such occurrences
| cannot but tend to excite feelings of annoyance,
suspicion and resentment which greatly to be
deprecated, between the respective subjects aud
citizens of two friendly powers.
THE vENzUELA AWARDS.
Much delay consequent upon accusations of
| fraud in some of the awards has occurred in re-
spect to the distribution of the limited amounts
r ceived from Venezuela under the treaty of April
18th, 1866, applicable to the award of the Joint
commission created bv that treaty. So long rs
these matters are pending in Congress the Execu-
tive cannot assume either To pass upon the ques-
tions presented, or distribute the fund received
1t is eminently desirable that definite legislative
action should be taken either affirming the awards
to be final or providing some mode for re-examin-
alton OF the claims.
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA AND BRAZIL
Our relations with the Repuhlics of Central and
south America and with the Empire of Brazil
have continued without serious change further
than the temporary interruption Of diplomatic in
| tefcourse with Venezuela and with Guatamela
| Amicable relations have already been fully re-
Venezuela il sd hat
all grounds OF misunderstanding with Guatamela
will speedily be removed. From all these conn-
tries there are favorable indications of DISPOSE
ton ON the part of these governments and people
to reciprocrite efforts in the direction of iu-
creased commercial intercourse.
SAMOA
The government OF the Samoan Islands has
sent an envoy in the person of its Secretary of
state to invite the government of the United
states tn recognize and protect their independence
to establish commercial relations with their peo-
pie, and to assist them in their steps toward re-
sponsible and regulated government The inhab-
itants of the islands having made considerable
progress in Christian civilization and the develop
ment OF trade, are doubtful Of their ability 10
maintain peace and independence without the aid
| of some stronger power The subject Is deemed
worthy OF respectful attention, and the claims
upon our assistance by this distant community
will he carefully considered.
FOREIGN TRADE
The long commercial depression in the United
States has directed attention to the subject of the
possible increase Of foreign trade and the
methods for its development, not only with Eu-
rope, but with other countries and especially with
the states and soveregnties of the Western Hem.
isphere Instructions from the Department of State
were issued tn the various diplomatic aud consul
lar officers OF the government, asking them 10
devote attention To the question of methods by
which trade between the respective countries OF
their official residence aud the United States could
be most judciously fostered Aud in obedience to
these instructions examinations and reports upon
this subject have been made by many of these
officers and transmitted to the department, and
the same are submitted to the consideration ui
Congress,
THE NATIONAL FINANCES.
The annual report of the Secretary OF the
Treasury on the state of the finances presents i'm
portant questions for the action of Congress upon
some OF which | have already remarked The
revenues OF the government during the fiscal year
ending June 10th, 1877, We're 500, OOO, 90 The
total expenditures for the saiue period were S23S
GdO,OOS 49, leaving surplus revenue Of $50 3i0-
BIZ go, This has substantially supplied the re-
quirements Of the sinking fund for that year The
estimated revenues of the current fiscal year are
S265, 900, 600 and the estimated expenditures for
the same period are S232, 40, 64372 II these es-
Inmates prove correct there will be a surplus
revenue Of S33 0G9, S56 2S an amount nearly sufi-
cent for the sinking fund during that year The
estimated revenues for the next fiscal ear are
$500, 2jO,OO0 1t appears from the department
that during the last fiscal ear the revenues of the
government, compared With the previous wear.
have largely decreased This decrease amount
ing to the sum of SIS, lij, l52, was mainly ON Gus
tom duties, caused largely by a large falling off
of the amount of imported dutiable goods and