The New York herald., 1877-09-18

virtually leaves 10 expiorcrs put
to Oil up the typographical details between that grand
framework which Stanley has prepared for the pur
pose. This will doubtless be successfully accom-
plished due time, but the przo Tor which all African
explorers have srivcn is StAneys Tho object Of this
article is present to the readers Of the HERALD
brief resume OF the history of tho Stanley expedIon
just arrived the mouth OF the Congo the west
coast OF Africa from the time OF It's departure from
Zanzibar, ON the eastern COAST
LEAVING ZANZIBAR.
On the 18th OF November, 1874, Henry NJ. Stanley,
the JOINT commissioner of tho New YORK HERALD and
tho London Daily telegraph, started iron Zanzibar
with very complete outfit, including tho exploring
boat Lady Alice, which was transported secuous, for
the purpose Of making a complete exploration OF tho
sources OF the Nic the great lakes the OF
the Congo RIVER He landed at Bagamoyo.
the mainland, and at once commenced his
preparations for the march inland. One Is
both amused and deeply interested in STAN
ley's graphic account Of his final preparations, in
letter dated Zanzibar November 12, and published
In tho HERALD ON the oath OF December, 1874. He
tells how receiving hundreds of letters from all
kinds of people, offering their services in every
pacity that Of pdiet de champs head assistant
and adviser general, but which offers he respectfully
declined, he had to organize his native escort OF 800
These he selected from the best material he
could nnd at Zanzibar and Bagamoyo. Ho found that
the hberality OF the members OF the Cameron expe-
diton which had preceded his raised the rate
wages of the portors from So 80 per month
to S. This he complains OF very
bad result aud prejudicial 10 future Efforts
poration. However, no managed to got his force
gether and after paying each months hire in
advance. Then commenced the troublesome part Of
the arrangements After paying in advance he
found difficult to prevent desertion, and, although
every inducement held 10 tho men TO proceed
force necessary some instances to compel
the luzy porters to abandon the lie Of
luxurious purchased with the first month pay.
Stanley now describes the Livingstone pontoon which
he carried part Of his equipment for the purpose
Of facilitating the passage OF rivers and small lakes
THIS consisted OF inhatable pontoon tubes feet
diameter and eight feet long, made Of india-rubber
and weighing altogether about three hundred pounds
The sections formed sixty pound loads Tor five bearers
and were consequently very portable.
The Lady Alice, which anerward served his pur-
poses well in the exploration and survey OF the
Victoria Nyanza and Lake Tangan;ka, AZ well as IN
his recent perous voyage down tho Luaaba or Congo
River, was also built In sections She built 40
feet length and feet in width and was led TO
be Ia Ave sections, each weighing than l2O
pounds. What the explorers chagrin whom
he discovered that the beautifully built boat
sections weighed than double the spcci-
unportabe. But he fortunately had this
recled by the skill of young carpenter whos
was then staying at Zanzibar. Among the scientific
appliances carried BY Stanley chronometcrs sex.
tants, artificial horizons, team and prismatic com:
passes, pedometcrs, thermometers, aueroid barome-
ters, nautical alinanacs Tor three years. thousand
fathoms Of sounding line aud complete set Of photo
graphic apparatus With such complete Quilt Stan
Icy proclaimed that no would accomplish things that
would satisy tho most captious critics. TO his
words in describing his objective, he says
"My present intonton is then 10 make my way west
ward TO the Victoria Niyanza ascertain whether
Speke's or Livngstone's hypothesis is tho correct
onc-whether the Victoria NIyanza consists of or
1vc lakes. All Tho most important locaties will be
fixed by astronomical observations and whether tho
Victoria lake consists ofonc many lakes shall
cover by complete crcumnavigstion. When this work
Is nnishodI intend 10 visit M'tcsa or Rumanika and
then the Lake Albert Niyanza
ascertain how far Baker is in his boil "
pot hss,s concerning its longth and BREADTH
With these objects before him Stanley LETT the
and plunged more into the Central African
jungles
sTANLEYs WHITE CoMPANIo rs,
Tho two compan ions selected by Mr. Stanley to &C.
company him his long and adventurous Journey
through Africa were tvs young Englshmen, brothers,
named Francis and Edward Pocock, and Frederick
Barker In all his letters from the interior Stanley
writes Of these in tho warmest terms of friendship;
and pcrusa OF the letters Of the Pococks shows
clearly that this feeling rcciprocatcd heartily
by them. The melancholy fate OF these brave
Englishmen, far from thor homes and family,
casts shadow over tho brightness of Stanleys sue
cess. All throe fallen victims to duty and their
young lives have been tributes the OF SCIENCE
which their countrymen cannot fail remember.
The space available icr this article Will permit the
writer to more than glance ut the story of Sanley's
white companions the brief history of the exped.
ton progresses. 1t is easy, however, to tell their
fate. Two lie in their lonely graves the
south shore OF the Victoria Niyanza and
the other in the depths of tho Congo,
In which river he was lost during the terrible voyage
described In yesterdays HERALD. Though separated
in body by the broad plains and forests of Africa brave
spirits such theirs must dwell In happy union in
tho other lie. Their letters from Atrica-nrst from
the two brothers and then from the survivor-have
attracted considerable attention account Of the un
affected honesty of style and Gal pety that charac
tcri%d them.
INLAND MARCH
Stanley is next heard from by letter dated at
Mpwapwa, in the country OF Usagara December IL
1874 In this comm munication he states that he LETT
Bagamoyo the November IT, and reached
Usagara in twenty-five days. This no regards as
remarkably quick travelling Tor, as he says during
his search for Livingstone tho distance occupied
him lfty-seven days. and 1t occupied Lieutenant Cam
eron's party four months lie had now arrived
at what he terms the "haf way house" to Unyamwezi
and without any Interruption to his march from SICK
other lie felt IN excellent sp,rits at
the prospect OF making an equally rapid advance west.
ward, but found that his men rather iucined to
celebrate their success so far by copous lbatons In.
deed during and after progress Of the march many
of the incorporate portcrs broke down, which
furnished temperance lesson 10 thor com panions
which Stanley did not fail 10 impress on them To
add to bis annoyance hore, he found complaints from
the Governor that his had induced several women
to abandon their homes and masters These
gay and festive demoisees he compelled to return
after somo show o resistance by the dusky bolos
and tho dark Lotharos Stanley here lost two noble
dogs OF which had been presented to him by tho
Rar Rurd Tha