Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1877-03-24
THE coARsEsr COTTON Cloth.

anc Is only used by the best thread makers,
as it Is very expensive and while it makes
the thread superior in quality, it adds
twenty per cent. to the cost of manufacture
Six OF the rolls Of webbing are now passed
together through the combing machine be-
tween two rollers, and combed by innumer-
able steel teeth to the fineness of gossamer
and the thinness of a spiders web. 1t
passes on, is gathered into one soft round
silver" again, goes through rollers once
more, when it is coiled into cans as before.
with lose of twenty per cent on the ma
terial which composed the web when it was
put on the French machine. 1t is tex
ture so fine and soft that one cannot but
wonder how it bears its own weight After
the last process, six OF the slivers are again
put through the drawing frame making one
silver no larger than amy of the six from
which it is drawn. The six of these last
are put through the same process reducing
them ip size six times, and adding that TO
the length. This is repeated three times,
and each time they are coiled into cans.
The last silver is the same size and weight
as when the process began, although doubled
four hundred and thirty-five thousand, four
hundred and fifty-six times. The last cans
ale now taken to
THE FIRST sLUBBING FRAME,
from which cans they are passed through
rollers, then twisted to about the size of a
lead pencil, and wound on boobins, all by
the same machine. From this they go to
the second slubbing frame, where one hun
dred and two spindles on each machine are
winding yarn from two hundred and four
bobbins, which came from the first slubber.
two threads being wound upon one spool.
The next or intermediate slubbing machine
winds upon one hundred and seventy-six
spools, from three hundred and fifty
bobbns, which came from the second Stub
Der. The next and last is called the rowing
machine, and fills two hundred and forty
spools which came from four hundred and
eighty bobbins, from the intermediate Stub
bling machine. BY this repetition Of dcul =
ling and twisting the yarn is fast becoming
strong and hard. We now follow the warn
called Growing" to the self-acting mule"
which makes eight hundred and forty
threads of yarn from sixteen hundred and
eighty bobbins. The wonderful machine,
two of which are operated by one uan.
draws out the yarn and twists it from six
teen hundred and eighty spools, when
comes away, and on its return winds it op
eight hundred cops (spools) making the
last number of thread yarn. We now com
to
THE THREAD MILL,
which is distinct and independent depart
ment. The cotton yarn comes here, and
first goes to the cop winding machines,
where it is run from the cops, through deli
cate balances, over soft felt ground upon
bobbins, two threads together upon one
From the cop winding department, the bob
bins go to the singing department. where
the two threads that were run together on
the spool, in the cop winding department,
are twisted or spun in one thread. The
thread, as it is unwound, runs through
water, and rapidly over glass guides, and
the bobbin which receives it revolves five
thousand times per minute twisting hundreds
of threads on each machine. After being
twisted two threads together, making one
hard thread, three of the latter are again
run together on a bobbin, the same as in
} the first cop winding department. Three Of
these are now twisted together making six
strans, and
THE PROCESS OF TWISTING THEM
is exactly the same as the one last de-
scribed. 1t is known as the finishing twist
ing department. When the thread comes
from the finishing twisting department, it is
inspected with the greatest care, by skillful
persons, and put through several tests be-
fore passing the 'reeling department. to be
, wound in skeins for the bleach house. The
machines in this department are very curl,
Gus, and daily turn out vast quantities Of
thread, which is packed, and given a
through ticket to the bleach and dye houses
They measure off the thread into skeins OF
an exact length and size, and when they
have reeled off just the right amount of yarn
always stop, and unlike some kind of yarn
ers, they never forget to tell the same story
without variations Again after coming
from the reels,
THE THREAD is CAREFULLY INSPECTED
the work employing several girls, who take
all the rough and imperfect thread from tn,
hanks. After this second inspection, VIZ
find it next in the bleach house. The bleach
and dye houses are among the most inter
esting departments of this vast establish
ment, although not the most agreeable
The progress in washing machinery, that il
here exhibited, would make our grand
J mothers think that the millennium hat
come. The baby washer, as we call it, o.
this concern, is rather large child, who's,
place and uses will appear later. After tn,
thread is sent from the inspection depart
ment to the bleach and dye houses, it is un
. packed, counted and put into large tanks
: immense loads at time, and boiled b,
steam for several hours, which takes out tn,
} dirt and
, CLEANS IT PERFECTLY.
1t is then put through washings oft, AM
! preparations wonderful and curious. TIL
| water used, we judge, would have increase,
the flood just about enough to have liftec
5 Noah's ark from the snag on Mount Ararat
: Some of the wash tubs are of stone, and al
!, are on scale equal in magnitude to any o
: Col. Sellers schemes for making millions
:, The loads of thread are put in and takel
| out OF boilers, rinsers, washers, dryers ant
1 half dozen other processes by machinery
; Then after all this it goes right back t.
e those huge steam boilers and the sam
| thing is done over again. The dry room
| hea'ed by seven thousand five hundre,
feet of steam pipe, and can be regul ated t
any desired temperature. After leavin
: the reeling department, the thread that is t.
$ be colored goes to the dye house, and tina
e which is TO remain white, to the bleac
! house. Ir the dye house is the patent dye
| ing machine, used only to dye black. /
: does the work far better than by hand an
r is equal to the labor of more than a doze
: men.
t ALL CoLoRs OF THREAD
/ are made, and the quantities of soaps, dy
h stufs, and other material Of the kind useC
e are immense. Eighty thousand gallons c
e water are consumed daily in the bleac
a house alone, and one of the Artesian well
d of The Clark Thread Company has a capa
a city OF one hundred and fifty thousand ga
d Ions per day. This is a remarkable wei
G sixteen feet deep and eight feet in diameter
e OF which Professor Maynard, the New Yor