davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
Ra pid Transit and tho Horse Car
Com pa les.

The streets Of the city are the property of
the taxpaye yers tn ey were paved and are kept
in order at the expense of the city. The Leg
islature, for the convenience Of the citizens,
at different times permitted private corpo-
rations to lay rails on these streets and run
cars on them. The city might Justly have
required that the companies should keep
clean and in repair the streets they use; but
this was not DONE instead of that a very
light tax was laid upon the cars.
After time the horse cars proved entirely
insufficient to accommodate the people, and
these demanded additional facilities for
travelling from one end of the island to the
other. Capitalists were found ready to con-
struct rapid transit roads Thereupon the
horse car companies resisted, and for years
have prevented such roads. Meantime they
have not only used the streets, the property
of the citizens, without charge, they have for
the most part neglected or refused even to
pay the very moderate license fee on their
cars. At last the Court of Appeals has de-
cided that New York may have rapid tram
sit and the horse car companies, who owe,
it is said, about three million dollars to the
city, threaten to carry an appeal against
rapid transit to the United States Supreme
Court. They can afford to pay for this liti-
CATION out OF the money they owe and re-
fuse to pay to the city.
This is the present condition Of rapid
transit matters A parcel of monopolists
first refuse to pay their taxes, and then at
tempt to prevent what they choose to think
opposition lines. In some countries this
would be thought the height Of impudence.
Would it not be we'll for the city authorities
to strike back at these companies by sum-
mary proceedings to collect the just dues !?
An individual property owner who does not
pay his taxes is sold out +; he may be too
poor to pay-that does not matter. But
these monopolists, who have become fat by
using the city's streets, refuse to pay, and
nothing is done. Is it not time to force
them to pay what they owe?
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
Deaths in Tenement Houses.

The records of the Board Of Health show
that out of $40 deaths in this city in the
months of July and August 1876 occurred
in tenement houses containing more than
three families, and 8O4 in institutions, the
inmates Of which come mainly from tene-
ment houses. This excessive percentage
shows how largely the death rate is in
creased by the overcrowded, lily ventilated
dens in which the working classes are COM
PEELED to find homes. The diseases there
engendered doubtless spread beyond the
tenement house circle and add to the out.
side mortality. If we could get rid Of all
such buildings, OF, at least, Of the worst OF
them, we should show death rate that
would compare favorably with that of any Of
the large cities of the world. In the two
months named there were only 1,664 deaths
in houses containing three families or less.
As these embrace much more than half of
the total population there would have been
only about thirty-three hundred deaths in
the city in July and August instead of nearly
house system.
The success of rapid transit, provided we
have road built in such a manner as to
secure low rates Of fare, will speedily empty
our crowded tenement buildings and sweep
them out of existence. When the working
people of the city can reach the upper part
of the island from the Battery in half an
hour and find cheap and healthful homes
in the newly annexed district they will
shun these unhealthful dens as they would
pesthole. In this view the recent decision
of the Court of Appeals may be regarded as
public benefaction. If it really gives ua
rapid transit by putting an end to the vexa-
tious litigation by which the work has here
tofore been obstructed New York will soor
rank as the healthiest city in the world.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
Our Quintuple Sheet.

The qualification with which we issue this
days number of the HEnALD in quintuple
form of one hundred and twenty columns
will be shared by our million and over OF
readers. Included in its ample pages is
such miscellaneous budget of business
wants. with business opportunities to bal
ance, that he or she who is not in
the almost extra-human state of want
ing nothing or desiring nothing will
to help to the desired end. Such
newspaper as the HERALD is the true busi-
ness exchange of our time, and the public is
admitted to its rich stores for fee which is
merely nominal. The growth of our adver.
tising business is o proof Of the cheering &C.
tivity which is visible in things commercial.
Within five weeks the space demanded by
our advertisers has been doubled, SO that to
give our subscribers all that they expect in
live, first class newspaper, the issue OF the
quintuple to-day is an actual necessity and
not, as in the case of papers that at spas
modic intervals enlarge their size, piece
OF unbusinesslike vanity. BY printing
all the news and accommodating oul
advertisers we do oil that is demanded OF
US, and no effort or outlay has been spared
to accomplish both. It is matter of some
pride to the HERALD that both by the read
ing and advertising public these efforts are
appreciated from years end to years end.
This confidence of the public is not to be
bought by a single achievement in news
gathering, such as any of the numberless
triumphs we have been able to record, but
is founded on nearly half century Of ex-
perience that wherever news is to be had
the HERALD will seize it and print it in the
shortest possible time. This public reliance
readers, and the result is such paper as
we present.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

there will be work and wages for all.
Can any reasonable person doubt, for in
stance, that we should be able to command
the trade of Mexico and all South America
against allthe efforts of European countries?
We need only to cultivate liberal commercial
relations with those countries and to re-
member that they cannot pay us money for
our goods; no nation is rich enough in the
precious metals to pay for all it buys in gold.
Commerce between nations means barter. We
can sell shoes to Buenos Ayres if we will
take hides in exchange; we can sell wool
lens if we will take wool; we can sell cotton
goods to Mexico if we will take sugar and
other of her products. AT present we re-
fuse to do this. We have tariff, ostensibly
to protect our manufacturers, which in re-
ality disablcs them from selling their goods
abroad, because it levies heavy duties on
the raw materials with which other nations
particularly in South and Central America,
must pay for what they buy; and which our
skilled mechanics need to work up cheaply
into man utaotured products.
Our advantages are so great that we need
only somewhat simpler and more moderate
tariffand a sound currency to give us start
on the road to prosperity which would leave
all Europe far behind, and which ought,
unless American enterprise has died out, to
enable us in dozen years to command the
commerce Of the world.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
A Tempest In the Police Courts.

If the police justices and the Police Com
missioners are both really desirous OF pro-
tecting prisoners who are arraigned at the
police courts against the impositions al
legged to be practised on them by lawyers
who hang about the courts looking for
clients, there can be no reason why they
should engage in an unseemly quarrel over
the measures by which such result is
sought to be accomplished. The Police
Commissioners insist that it is not expe-
dient to allow the precinct returns to remain
in the hands Of the justices clerks for an
hour or two before the courts are opened in
the morning, since it may afford an oppor-
tunity to make the lawyers, who are said to
be always ready to divide with those who
give them information, acquainted with the
names and offences of prisoners who seem to
promise good pickings. They have, therefore,
directed that the precinct returns shall
be sent to the police courts In sealed en-
velope, and delivered only to the Judge
after court is opened. Against this order
the justices rebel, refusing to receive and
open these sealed returns, and threatening
to dismiss the police OF the court squad and
appoint deputy sheriffs in their place if the
Commissioners order should be enforced
Bu, ii the clerks OF the courts have no in
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

THE WEATHER.-As we predicted yesterday
morning, the movement of the high pressure area
has been rapid to the eastward. and its centre is
now northward of the cyclonic disturbance in
the South Atlantic district Consequently north
castcrly winds prevail along the Carolina coast
and the cyclonic movement isincrcascd and light
rains have fallen. Further south i'll the Carb-
bean Sea the development of cyclonic disturb
anccs is in progress. Heavy storms re-
ported from Barbados and ST. Vincent.
The storm centre advancing from the
westward toward the lakes is now entering
the Upper Mississippi Valley, with high to
brisk marginal winds, but rainfall. The tenn
pcraturc southwark and immeda ,cly eastward
of the depression has risen Within the of
unusually high pressure that now extends over
the Middle and Eastern States, the lower lakes
and the Upper St. Lawrence Valley, the tempcra-
turc has fallen particularly along the coast line;
but with the progress Of this high area eastward
the winds will change from cool northerly to
warmer southerly probably during to-day. The
,liaht depression observed in Northern New
England yesterday has moved into Nova Scotia,
md has, developed into a dangerous storm on
he coast. The weather to-day In New York
md its, vicinity will be slightly warmer and
lear or hslxy.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
The War News.

BY the correction of yesterdays report of
the battle between the forces Of Mehemet Ali
and the Czarewitch some doubt falls upon
its decisive character. 1t was given as hav-
ing been fought in front of Biela, point to
which it seemed probable that the Russian
troops had been forced by the operations
succeeding the battle at Karahassan. A bat
tie fought in front of Bela in pursuit Of
those operations might be decisive in the
most terrible sense if it went against the
Russians, since the overthrow of the army
of the Czarewitch would expose the rear Of
the Russian force in front of Plevna to the
advance of Mehemet Ali. But it is now ex-
LON, where the Turks seem to have
captured line of feldworl1s in front
of o village held by the Russians.
This is far different from battle in
front of Biela, and is very unlikely to be
decisive in any fair sense of the word. 1t
will be seen by the kilograms that the ter
rible acts of the Turks in Roumelia are ex-
citing a great deal Of attention in Eng
land. The summary execution OF some
we'll known Christian merchants for
having reported the barbarous acts Of
the irregular soldiers bids fair to
disturb England more deeply than did the
massacre of all the people in part Of Bull
garia. The report Of the London Times that
in a small place which formerly had popu-
lation Of twenty thousand there is not an
adult male person left living indicates the
thoroughness of Ottoman methods.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
ORA IN a tic NlisfOrtume eaa

The opening of our theatrical season is
not unattended with misfortune. Two of
the principal theatres in this city are now
without permanent management; one the
magnificent temple built by Mr.. Edwin
Booth and intended by him to be the home
of the highest drama the other the Fifth
Avenue Theatre. What will be the fate of
the first is unknown; but it is unlikely
that it will be kept as place for temporary
engagements. or precarious speculatons
Such theatre needs O strong and respon-
sible management, and there are no in
dications that this is to be obtained
this season. 1t would be pity if Booths
Theatre should be lost to the city and
turned into mammoth bazaar, as rumor
says is possible. The abrupt closing of Mr..
Dalys theatre adds to the darkness of our
city, and, for the present. deprives it of one
of its favorite places of amusement. There
are many applicants for the lease, and it is
to be hoped that whoever shall become the
manager will not fail to provide scenery
as beautiful and company as
strong us distinguished it under the
recent direction. Another misfortune
is the death OF Mr.. Davenport, in which the
stage met with loss not to be repaired.
Tragedy this season, we fear, will not have
many adequate representatives. Mr.. Edwin
Booths engagements appear to be uncertain,
and Mr.. John Mccullough and Mr.. Lawrence
Barrett are among the few tragedians upon
whom the public can depend. There are
reports of great foreign actresses who are to
delight US, but it is too early to accept
them as facts. Nine. Janauschck will
appear in November in October Miss
Augusta Dargon will play in Brooklyn /;
this week Miss Clara Morris will return
to the footlghts at the Brooklyn Academy
of Music, yet on the whole, we think the
want of tragic acting will be one of
the chief deficiencies Of the season. A
terrible calamity to come is the invasion
of the stage by multitude of Julicts, of all
ages, from fourteen to fifty, and ranging
through all the degrees of inexperience and
unfitness They have done much already
to make the name of Juliet odious; and if
Shakespeare ever looks down upon their
dreadful performances, he, no doubt,
wishes that he had never written the play.
Still the public must cheer up. There are
many good things to come in the season,
and of comedy there will be plenty.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23
Pulpit Topics To-day.

After so much spiritistic juggling with
the dead and the living for quarter OF
century it does not seem to us that the
moral effect of visit from the dead would
be very great but DR.. Armitage may think
differently Nor do we believe with Mr..
Lloyd that the absence of true unity in the
Church is the cause Of modern scepticism.
Sceptics existed before the Christian Church,
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

THERE WERE SOME INTERESTING racing and
trotting events yesterday i'll different parts of
the country, the most noteworthy of which were
those at Lexington and Fleetwood. AT the latter
place the trotting was, perhaps, the best of the
season. The races n: Jerome Park this week
promise to be brilliant crowning to the racing
column Of the year.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

terest in the matter we do not see why the
justices should object to the new arrange
ment. unless, indeed, they suspect that the
attempt to keep the prisoners out of the
hands of the clerks is designed to place
them more completely under the control of
the police. The quarrel as it stands GER
tainly has not very creditable look.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

VERY HEAVY FRAUDS are reported in the
management of the Philadelphia City Passel-
ger Railway Company. Stock representing
over three million dollars has been fraudulcntly
issued, of course with the connivance of the
officers. one of whom is the president of the Per-
manent Exhibition. The discovery caused "a
heavy decline in the stock and sensation in
financial and commercial circles.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

and they have been contemporary with it
during its existence wher it was unit as
well as when divided. We do believe with
Mr.. Smtlrin unbalanced Christians, but not
in their condition. They ought certainly to
be balanced. The curse of the age is proba-
bly, the prevalence of that spirit of law
lessness among young men which responds
to every injunction, 81 don't care" Mr..
Davis will show how much evil it does in
the Church and in the world. Mr.. Hull
will point to the ripened spiritual harvest
fields and ask for laborers to work therein;
Mr.. Moment will indicate how every man
can work out his own salvation Mr. Col
cord will present Christ in His great pur-
pose seeking the lost to save them, and DR..
King will show the glory of God as revealed
in Christ. King David and his religion
in its elements and results will be discussed
by Mr.. Hatfield and Mr.. Johns. The life
of Job will be used with good effect by DR..
Wescott and meditation and personal obli-
CATION by MIR. Rowell. Mr. Pullman will
teach US how to bear up under difficulties !;
Mr.. Martyr will seek to release men from
the slavery Of sin and Mr.. Mccarthy to
build them up in spiritual manhood. Mr..
Muir will present Gods love gifts to his
people and Edith O'Gorman will speak
again to-day about convent life.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

The LAST PoLO GAMES of the season were
played at Newport yesterday, when some excel
cnt horsemanship was shown A splendid
record has been made by the club during the
past two three months, and the large attend
ance at the different matches attests the grow
ing interest in this exciting sport.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

WALL STREET YEsTERDAY.-The stock mar
kct was dull and stocks were generally weak
Gold was weak at 1885 1O3. Government
bonds were also lower, while States and rail-
roads were irregular. Money call was active
at 4l2 per cent, advancing during the after
noon to per cent and closing at & "a per cent.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

THREE OR Four of the Methodist Episcopal
churches in Brooklyn have unfortunately be-
come 50 involved financially that u public meet
ing for their relief is suggested.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

VERY EXTRAvAGANT ESTIMATES have been
imade by some Of the city departments, which, it
s to be hoped, the Board of Apportionment will
reduce when they come up for consideration this
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

The VERY FAST TINE of nearly mile
minute was made yesterday i'll pigeon match
between Homer, in this State, and Scranton, Pa
Sixty-cight miles an hour were made some years
ago, or nine hundred and fifty miles ill fourteen
lours
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

THE BEE KEEPERS have formed IN association
and will soon hold convention. 1t ought to be
q sweet arrangement
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

BROOKLYN Is Rejoicing at the prospect of an
elevated rapid transit road, the route Of which
is elsewhere described
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

THERE Is INTENSE EXCITEMENT in San Fran
cisco over the Chinese problem, particularly
among the workingmen, who arc advocating q
policy Of total exclusion.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

IMPORTANT NOTICE TO ADvERTIsERs.-Io
insure Me proper classification Of advertisements
1t is absolutely necessary that they be handed il.
before eight o'clock cre,y ereaing
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

Mr.. WILLIAM b. AsToR's yacht, the Ambassa-
dress, said to be the largest vessel Of the kind
ever built in this country, has been launched.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

NEARLY EIGHTY THOUSAND PERSONS did not
think the weather Of the past week too cool to
use the free baths Fourteen thousand OF them
were females.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

TIE REPORT THAT TWEED has told all he in
tends to tell has some foundation in truth if the
Tammany gossips are to be believed.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

From our reports this morning he probabilities
are that Me ,ceaLher IN Ncr York and its cicinity
today uiN be slightly uarmer and clear or ha-y.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

United States 3S, OCO, 900 $4,000
On peace establishment the European
nations named above keep an able-boded
man for every one hundred and one Of the
total population constantly idle and under
arms we maintain only one out of sixteen
hundred in arms TO these figures must be
added the naval forces of these countries, and
the great numbers employed in preparing
ammunition, great guns and small arms.
And what is still more wasteful, we must
remember that these soldiers, the flower of
the population, are not only clothed, fed,
housed and armed at the expense of the
rest of the nation, but they are removed
from productive labor; they are idlers. If
we assume that the able-bodied men in a
country are one-tenth of the whole popula-
tim, it would appear that in Christian
Europe in the year of grace 1877 about one in
ten of these able-bodied men is continually
supported in idleness during peace and at a
time when it has been seriously proposed
among US to entirely abolish our little
army.
1t surely needs no further words to show
that if we all started poor alike we of the
United States ought to recover our losses
and attain prosperity long before our Euro
pean neighbors. In fact, they are going
from bad to worse; it begins to be generally
acknowledged that unless Europe can soon
disarm it will become bankrupt
Now, it is clear that with these great adj
vantages we should not only recover our
losses sooner than the nations Of Europe;
we ought not only to accumulate wealth
much more rapidly; but having already on
hand at this time an overabundance of
mills, foundries, machinery and workshops
of every k;nd--being, that is to say
thoroughly equipped to produce cheaply
i'll every department of human industry,
unless we wilfully continue to hamper our
selves by restrictive laws, we are in posi-
tion to compete at great advantage in the
worlds markets with other producing and
manufacturing nations.
But in spite of our great natural advan-
tages all our industries are PROSTATE, and,
on the most careful calculations, there is no
sale for the labor of over four millions of
our population. We can produce more than
we can consume, and restrictive laws pre-
vent us from selling the surplus. Hence
the whole country remains poor, for this
surplus weighs like lead on every industry.
The workngmen of the country ought to
unite in monster petitions to Congress
when it meets for the repeal of this restric-
tive legislation. That alone is needed to
set our workshops going again, for when we
can sell our surplus manufactures abroad
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

RECEIVER has been appointed for the Mont
clair and Greenwood Lake Railroad. 1t has been
poor speculation, never having paid even ex-
pcnses.
The New York herald., 1877-09-23

THE YELLOW FEVER ut Fernandina unfor-
tunately shows no sign of abatement