The New York herald., 1877-11-17


ment 10 Dr. Livingstone to promote the growth OF
material to exchange for foreign manufactures. II
shortly aiter urges "tbe truth that tho cu
tiyation OF Africa and the expectation o
by the Africans themseves Is the ouly true path 10
take to abolish, only the slave trade, but African
slavery" He arrives therefore, N tne end at the
pont IRON which l took my departure, and no more
especially urged upon Sir Robert Peel the paramount
Importance Of encouraging the growth OF cotton in
Africa aud SO preventing our great dependence upon
the Unted states for that staple OF greatest
ufacturng Industry. He then repeated his conviction
that "Aircan agriculture was the OASIS oil African
commerce. and freedom"
In this conclusion perfectly agree and as to the
results the domestic slavery OF Africa, OF increased
agriculture and demand for IT'S products. we must
think carefully distinguish between The slave traffic
tor the supply OF foreign market and a domestic
Of ASIA domestic slavery has always existed; under
every Of government, native Foreign and been
legally sanctioned. Witn the Jews, IN the time OF
Moses with other races, the Legislation regulating
slavery may have left much 10 DO desired IN the way
OF humanity but still, IN aordng certain protection,
II also legally authorized the bondage
now TREAT THE SLAVE QUESTION
When it IS said. therefore, that we should utterly
rcpudiatc any connection with this employment OF
slaveshy native Chiefs II IS neither moro nor less than
require the cessation OF all intercourse or relations
ex,s,ed 10 Africa from the days Of Abraham and the
Pnaraohs-for aught we know, from the earliest popu-
lation Of the country In prehistoric periods, snd
twenty centuries before any Europeans ever visited
either the West or East Coast And to all appear
ance slavery VIII continue TO exist among
Efforts OF European Powers 10 suppress IT, un-
til civilization, commerce and Christianity all COM
bined eradicate II by the same slow processes which
Europe Slavery and an internal slave trade are Too
deeply rooted in the customs and tribal Jaws sane
toned. recognized and submitted 10 bv the whole pop
uauon, OF every rank and degree, for any alteration
10 De effected by the will Of foreign Power Every
offence and every cr.me Is readily commuted for
slavery, and every prisoner taken IN war becomes
slave the practice IN Europe and IL still
all over Asia Il has we'll been said therefore.
mil tx Try To q
attempt by our legislation or forcbla interference
to slavery aud an internal slave trade IN
Africa. 1t must be lett to time and other influences
to effect a chaDge--as the Same institution was
left by the Founder OF Christianity in Judea
Tho progress OF knowledge, civilization amt COM
merce viii do much-the spirit OF christianity stil
more once that frcc into the interior Gun be
obtained oy tho means now undcr consideration. That
this neuhcr so hopeless nor remote IN prospect as
many disposed to think may be inferred with GER
tanty by much recent evidence from The most trust
worthy sources as 10 the actual state Of The country
aud the population in large portions LIsutcnant
Shcrgod smith, writing to DR.. KIRK from Kagcl USE
kuma late May 10 last, reports rough journey
from Nguru, and says that Of 800 men with wnom he
place only six arrived at the Of ths Jour-
ncy; All the rost IRON fear bad faith, having de-
serted In conseauence Of wnlcn they lost hall their
goods-beads an0 cioth-and were IN danger OF being
stopped altogether for want OF carrisrs Notwth.
standing sucn an unt0ward beginning, Llcuten-
aut Smith adds that "iae~~coun.ry very
productive aud provisions OF all kinds ex-
ceedinglyi cheap Cattle Craze by hundreds on
the plains winch are very extensive Offering at times
q sea horizon. have not met with trace OF savery,
nor do any 6lgD6 Of ~ mere. Inc ARAB Song0ro,
W ho is living ana trading here and has bad name
IRON Stanley, has notNshown us anything but kind
ness. His trade seems perfectly legal ia ivory"
Take this In connection with tho equally recent salts
factory report Of DR.. KIRK OF expeditions other
direcons and IL is imposs ibIc TO douy the encourag-
ing prospect opened o rapid and permanent prog
We are surely warranted, by all that has preceded, in
believing that, although we cannot by any exercise OF
power at once put an end TO slavery, II will gradually
cease by the operation Of natural causes II there be
facilities Tor shipping slaves away from the country
Diplomacy has done Inucn-perhaps all that is pos
sble needul-wtnin the ast two or three years TO
effect this object Tne treaty lately entered into
with the Sultan of Zinzbar, and still moro recently,
preston Of the trade gve lair promise OF being
effective The cooperation OF Colonel Gordon in the
oudan and region OF tho Upper Nile is ferthcr guar
anlee for good iaith and success, while inc no loss
Jealous able assistance ol DR.. Kirk, our Consul
General at Zanzioar is sufficient pledge OF loyalty in
that quarter
dated from Nyangwe, October 20 1876, before he
started Oh his journey westward which mas appeared
while this paper IN tne press contains much that
Is opposed 10 the view havo taken In the preceding
pages, both regards the slave trade snd the BEST
mode oil promoting the rapid development OF COM
mcrce. In reference TO INC continuance OF a slave
TRADE on wholesale scale, ana with all its worst
pa meats OF slave anting ralus and dsslruc
ton OF iiic, Mr.. Stanley charges the Sultan Of
Zanzibar with allowing hs subjects. and especially
SAID bin saim, the Governor Ut Unyamyemoe, Ian
ofioer in the employ OF Burahash, Prince Of Zanz-
bar to be actively engaged this illegal traffic. This
Said bin Sallm, tie best OF his knowledge anu be-
at the same time the most trusted agent Of the au
thorities at ZaIz bar III this DO indeed there
qualification enough for the denunciaton both OIL tho
prihci pal ana his agent IL constitutes an indictment
against Che sultan himself SO dishonoring and fatal
10 all trust IN any treaty engagements. that l
cannot doubt IL viii lead 10 searching inquiry and
further action the part OF Her Majesty's govern
menL Nevertheless, / aln not disposed 10 modify
what l have SAID above, until tho parties SO
directly charged have been heard and the re-
suit known Tho defence OF the Sultan Of Zan-
zbar, or any Of his agents Implicated in the most
man mas ever devised, ~ no concern ot nlne.za BY
their acts they must stand or fail ami If
small part OF what Is now alleged against them DO
proved trust tDey Will tall neve. to rse again. But
asmucn as we have equally ulrect evidence from Dr.
Kirk, Her Majesty's Consul General at Zanzibar Of
entirely contradictory character, respecting the dis
position OF tho sultan Burgnash 10 opon up the c0un
try English trade, and TO facilitate the making OF
roads INTERIOR lar his sovereign author-
ity extends give HIM the benefit OF such
tinteny Nothing could we'll be more inconsistent
than for any authority Arab or Europcan 10 directly
sanction promote by It's own officers and agents
fragrant breach VI treaty. and yet lend every aid
be the Witnesses Of his bad la,th tho
EVIL done in his name. The romark applies in
great part the Suspicion attaching to the Khedives
bond des IN the treaty engagements recently entered
into witn us. he presence 81 Colonel Gordon and
I he mos. absolute power with which he has been in
vested over the whole Soudan and region OF the Upper
Nile shouldbe strung evidence oi the good will OF The
khedlve, even though IL may fora time anu to u ccr
be frustrated by the corruption OF his oin
ana the inc0rigble vice OF his SUBJECTS long
gagged Ia the slave trade.
On the ohvr points OF trade and missionary labors
and direction which these should take recrred TO
IN this letter oil Mr. Stuney's, am constrained 10
make Que or two remarks opposed, as his opinions
are TO the plan Of operations suggested in this article.
Mr.. Staniey speaks with the advantage which can
hardly De too highly estimated, of personal observa
ton and great experience as traveller through Cen
tra Africa, to sea- aud III many reg
before trodden by the loot OF Waite man.
His opinions therefore, are deserving OF great consid
Grafton, anu can only be called IN question with some
dlidence. he expressos, however, u very decided
opinion against atlemptin, to push traae from tho
(as led nun n
the two sides OF Tue continent Gathered into large
Kingdoms, goeerned dcspoticaly and subject TO the
rule OF ono Chief East Central Africa and infinitely
subdvided IN tho West from Lake Tanganyika 10 tho
mouth OF The Congo River, he says THE people are
gathered in small insignificant districts, towns
villages each governed by It's respective chief, all
nImted by an intense thirst for trde but equally
distinguished Tor their idoatry, hostility 10 each
other and oslish pridep From these relative condi
lions ol the eastern aud western populations
MIR. Stanley arrives at tho conclusion that the
Two sides oil African continent should
be acted by two different Influences The mis-
sonary would be the more powerful agent and by his
la0ors Afford the most htting means oi approach ON
the eastern sde while on the western side The trader
should precedc the missionary. But there are other
conditions, both OF physical and potca character,
which point to a somewhat dlleront conclusion. Tue
urp mi anns t,ontr I'm.