The daily intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Territory [i.e. Wash.]) 1876-1881, 1877-10-11
Communistlc Scciet les of the
United States,

S"'AAnuihsIIc oCcl0t les OF the
United States.
The Amaad COmmunity, Amaad, Lora
-Germsns Number of members about
fitcen hundred. Live in seven villages.
all OF which have n common interest
own from twenty five to thirty thousand
acres Of land Business: agriculture.
manufactures and merchandise. Emil
grated to America and settled near Buff
faio IN l642. Removed to Iowa in 1866.
Marriage permitted but not encouraged.
Strongly religious. Call themselves
The True Inspiration Congregations, E"
or "lnspirationists." Present leader in
spiritual things. or inspired instru-
ment. Barbara Hcynemann-now over
eighty years OF age. The temporal af-
fairs are managed by trustees.
The HarmOnists. Economy. Pennsylca-
nad-Germans. Emigrated to this coun
try in 1904. Organized into The
Harmony Society" in 1905. First set.
tied in Butler county, Pennsylvani..
Removed to Indiana in 1914. aud built
the town Of Harmony. Sold that place
70 hobt. Owen and returned to Pennsyl-
vania in 1884. and built their present
town Of Economy on the eastern bank
OF the Ohio. Business: agriculture.
manufactures and merchandise. Esti-
mated worth several million dollars.
Membership fifty years ago one thou
sand; now one hundred. Marriage
practiced until 1907. Celibacy has since
been the rule. George Rxpp was their
founder and leader until his death at the
age Of ninety. Jacob Henrici and Jon.
athar Lenz are now their leaders. The
Harmonists base their organization on
religious principles.
The Separdtists, Zoar, Ohio.-Ger-
mans Emigrsted from Wurtemburg
in 1877. under the leadership of Joseph
Baumeler. Adopted communism of
property in 1910. Business: agricul-
ture, manufactures and merchandise.
Estimated value of property, one mil
lion dollars. Amount of land. seven
thousand five hundred acres Celibates
until 1928; marriage has since pre-
vailed. Jacob Ackerman present lead
er. but shares his responsibilities with
trustees chosen by the members. Basis.
religion.
DR.. KtiFs Cdnamunities. The one To-
Gated at Bethel. Shelby county. Mis-
souri,, was founded in 1874. Highest
membership $50; present about $50.
Mostly Germans and Pennsylvania
Dutch. Business: agriculture. man
ufactures and merchandise. Own four
thousand acres Of land. Governed by
president and trustees. Favor mar
risge. Founded on religion. That at
Aurora, Oregon. where DR.. keil now
resides. was founded in 1856, and is the
more prosperous. having eighteen thous-
and acres Of land. and about four hun
dred members. Their basic principles
are of course the same as at Bethel.
The two communities are substantially
one, having coramon interest Many
persons at Aurora went from Bethel,
which accounts for the latter's de-
cline in numbers.
The Shakers. Mostly Americans
u few Of other naticualities. Followers
Of Ann Ice. Seventeen societies in
seven states. Each society is divided
into two or more families or separate
communities; so that there are in all
over fifty Shaker communities. These
had at one time membership Of five or
six thousand. The present membership
is not far from two thousand four him.
dred. The Shaker communities are all
large land Owners. Business agricul-
ture and manufactures. The Shakers
are religious celibates Each family
has its Elders. Eldresses, Trustees and
Deacons; and every two or three socie
ties have a ministry. consisting. when
complete. Of two males and two fe-
males. The Central Ministry Of all the
Societies resides the greater part of his
time at Lebanon, New York, OCCASION
ally visiting the other societies. Daniel
Bolar and Giles B. Avery now stand at
the head Of the Shaker ministry.
TIE Psyfecfionists. Pounded by John
Humphrey Noyes. ss a religious sect
date from 1884; as communists from
1876. Fret organized in community at
Putney, Vermont. Removed TO Oneida,
New J ork. in ls4s. The branch soci-
ETY. in Wallinsford. Connecticut essab-
lished in 1881 Whole number Of mem-
hers three hundred and one. Business
The manufacture Of silk threads and
steel traps. the canning Of fruits and
vegetables. and agriculture Social
system. complex marriage Theodore
n, Notes, = son OF the founder, Is now
President Of the two communities
which have common interest. inter
changing men and capital As occasion
requires.
Tke Ioariaas, Adams foaaiy. Iosrsi.
French. their first leader and pre>i'
dent vas Etienne Cabet. Securing one
million acres Of land in Texas hs
established . colony there IN ISIS
! which removed tc Nauvoo. Illinois. u
is49, and in 1853 purchased land io'