The New York herald., 1877-12-17
PE7ERMANN ON STANLEY.
The Savant of Gotha Applauds
the Herald's Work.
A SCIENTIFIC BISMARCK.
Solving the Problem Of a
Thousand Years.
AN ANCIENT TRADE ROUTE,
Uniting the Lua)aba, Uelle, Kubanda, Bahar
Kuta, Bahar Kulla, Ayah and Congo.
AN ANCIENT TRADE ROUTE.
ARABIAN DEPREDATIONS

The American newspaper correspondent, Henry NJ.
Stanley, is the Bismarck OF African exploration. As
Frnce Bismarck united the various German princi-
paities and built out of them great and powerful
empire so has Stanley united tho diyecta mem6ra OF
African exploration, adapting them all framework
IN the structure OF success and by his unrng energy
set at rest the theories of thousand years rne
plots OF Columbus vasco de CANA, Magalhaens,
date back only lew hundred ears; the knowledge OF
Africa reaches back into antiquity and the
periods OF history. One African river alone; the Nile
was the special object of exploration and invest
CATION OF the anclents for thousands OF years. But
in the earliest times OF which We have any record the
difficulties OF African exploration wero provorbial;
the sources of ;he Oft blessed lie giving Nile remain
hidden even to ttas day, and the saying, .Caput Ni
qua, ere agtated mankind two thousand years ago. in
the time OF Ovid suggestive Of then unatainable
and problems nsoauble which were left to the achieve.
mcnts OF modern science. Whatever Claudius
Ptolcmy and other ancient aud the classic
schools OF antiquity knew OF the Nile and its sources
or whatever the extent or their research and their
conJecturos, this much is certain, their knowledge
never extended to the Congo, which for the first
time, thanks TO Stanley, is shown upon the map In
the light of Stsnley's discovery, however II Is
doubted In my nind that the Arabs have had knowl
edge oil the Congo for hundreds OF years. per.
haps as early the date when Columbus rst crossed
the ocean and discovered the New World.
STANLEY UNirEs FRAGMENTS
II tho course OF the Congo had been directly west
ward as Cameron assumed the Luaaba to be, straight
from Nyangwe, Staney's discovery would not be halt
As interesting or important. 1t would have been SIM
ply to follow out Bsmarck's smaiu lne.n Stanley
would only have to follow the Lualaba to its mouth TO
give the Congo a source and the results OF pre-.
vlous explontions-east aud west employing tho data
supplied by Krapi, Erhardt, Rebmann, Speke, Burton
Grant, Baker, Gcssi and Livingstone, with that from
Tuckcy, the Portuguese and tho Catholic missionaries
collected during several centuries the bong
merely the Incidents and tring observations Of self
sacrificing, INDECENT men who subordnated everything
TO the work OF education aud spreading the
influence OF Christianity. single German
traveller, Heinrich Barth has done moro for the
map Of Africa and added more to our knowledge OF
the country than all the Portuguese merchants. the
Portuguese government and the Catholic missions TO-
gcther during the they have sway in the dis
tricts along the Congo Stanley had also unite the
researches to the south by Livingstone Cameron,
ladislaus Magyar, Pogge, Monteiro, Gamitto, Rod
riguez. Graca and the Pombeiros, with those TO the
north by Du Challu, Marcbe, Savorgnan de Brazza
Bartn Nachtigal, schwenfurth Browne the oldest
Arabian travciicrs-a work of great difficulty. HIS
bold determined march carried him far beyond the
extreme points OF research made by our greatest
African explorers With one mastery stroke be united
previous researches and efforts for thousands Of
years into one compact, valuable web.
GREATEST AMONG THE GREAT.
In this way Stanley has done more than all the SCI
ent hc exploration OF inner Africa Tor tho past thirty
years he has done than all the European travel
lcrs, dating back some eighty years; more than all
the Arabian travellers, who have traversed the in
terror for upward OF thousand years; than all
classical antiquity, and, finally, Stanley has dono
nvac "A
and interior of the vast African continent than all
the millions OF natives could knew OF their
own country. His work is unparalleled in the whole
history of discovery IN the world.
LIVINGSTONE BEwILDERED AND TURNED hack.
When Livingstone arrived at Nyangwe, endowed with
an iron constitution energy and endurance; having
inter surmountng the greatest obstacles crossed tho
whole continent from south west, ana from west to
east, followed the courses Of hundred rivers dis
covered and examined gigantic lakes In all directions
be there met with the first serious check unsur-
passed wanderines He could go no further He found
himself against a dead wall, as 1t were. Nobody
would accompany him; nobody knew any thing what
ever Of the lar stretching regions Of equatorial
Africa. As timid, superstitous seamen sometimes
dread to enter upon what are to them unknown and
perhaps unnavigabe seas, SO Stanley found al
Nyangwe there neither whites nor blacks who
had the courage to undertake journey with him to
the mysterious Equatorial regions. Not even the
Arab bands, which armed to the teeth, had ever
dared to venture lar in that direction None had
been than a four days journey up the river
Mono oil the natives could say where the mighty
river 1900 feet wido. led to boyond a distance OF
thirty miles IRON their village. OF the nature
and appearance Of the land they utterly ignorant
Columbus had at least indications that there was
land ahead OF MIN, for tho idea prevailed that he
was heading for Cathay. Stanley thought to
reach san Salvador the capital OF Congo,
in the west; bus he mad idea
whether his northern journey TO the Equatorial
country would lead TO Bartn's Bahar Kubanda Mach
hgaps Bahm Kuia, the Banar kulla oil the Arabs as
reported by the traders and slave hunters travelling
between Wadai and Dariur Livingstone remained
nearly two years, 1sC9-7l, In Nyangwe, Bambarre,
md IN the vicinity OF the Luaaba, with the view Of
following up tho course Of the stream which
sidered by no means impossible But he could obtain
neither canoes nor oarsmcn for the journey, though
he offered some Arab merchants the sum OF 81 900
and all tho goods he had remaining at Viii # they
would lot hm nave ten accom- pany hlm north
ward Failing to obtain the assistance and material
needed he compelled to return east without carry
Ing out his project
CAMERON ALSO DIsHEARrESED
Three years later, August 1871, Cameron reached
Nyangwe, having the same object view as Living
stone--viz., TO penetrate tho secrets oil Eaua-
torlal Africa But he was equally unsuccess-
fu. Meanwhile the Arabian slave hunters had
conquered the country Immediately TO the
NORTH thoroughly subduod the natives aud held
possession OF the territory, so that tho poor blacks
we're inclined regard the newly arrived friend only
IN the lignt OF another enemy and refused to help
him, because they feared no simply wished to carry
the work OF death and destruction further inland.
Cameron therefore had TO south August 20.
unaer the protection OF a company OF slave traders
rho complete ignorance oil the Arabians and natives
Of Nyangwe concerning Eqaatoral Africa led Camc-
ron TO that tho Luaaba flowed directly westward,
wnilc Livingstone believed that II went north ward
how lar these divcrgng views were tho result Of pre-