davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Bad Times in Spain.

Although it is scarcely two months since the city of Granada gave Kipg Alphonso what was termed an "enthusi- astic welcome" a petition has been got up by the Illegal taxpayers" in which the king is respectfully informed that the property of thousands of persons is now under seizure throughout Spain for nonpayment on taxes; and in one province of thirty parishes, numbering ISIS taxpayers, 1,266 properties have been sold by the fiscal authorities; that 50,000 persons who owe the state money for land purchased by them from it are not compelled to pay, while others have been turned out of their estates because they coSld not meet their engagements; !; that some creditors of the state are paid the whole sum due to them, while others can get nothing; that one village pays more taxes than the next one, which is far wealthier, and that government ser wants with s salary of fl00 year pay & higher rent than functionaries receiving mu sh larger emolaments." The petition goes on to state that an immense quan- tity of bad money, of forged notes, postage stamps, and bill stamps are in circulation. and that, though the trade is carried on almost openly, few of the eulprits are brought to justice. Further. mere, the petitioners complain that, as taxpayers, they have to pay not only the imperial and local taxes, bat they are mnlcted in large sums-not paid inte the public either in the shape of surcharges or in other ways which they deem unpatriotic to suxeffx n
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
THE EAST.

Senator Conklin, of New York, sailed for Europe on June r, to be absent during the summer.
 The class of Eighty, of Princeton col lege, numbering nearly one hundred young men, have been suspended and required to leave town. Cause; pulldozing the faculty.
 The celebration of the twenty -1ith anniversary of the Shields Guards, which took place in Auburn, New York recently, attracted large concourse of people. Gov Wade Hampton, of South Caraolia, was pres ent, and among the prominent speakers
 It is now stated positively that ar arrangements are complete for the release of Win. M. Tweed from custody, at New York. The conditions of the release are full and complete expose of the doings Of the ring, which are said to be in the hands of the prosecuting attorney.
 The centennial of the adoption ot tho United States flag was celebrated at New York, June IA, by the raising of the banner over the national and city buildings. In Washington many business establishments united with the government in commemo' rating the event, while in Boston there was a general display of the "stars and stripes and firing of salutes on the common.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Fruit Growing in Arknnsns.

We are rejoiced to see here and there, and all over the country, fruit farms springing up, and are glad to note that the farmer who cultivates his acres in fruits realizes more than he who culti- yates his twenty acres in cotton, and besides, the former has not one-twentieth part of the labor to perform or expense to bear, and receives the proceeds of his crop at time when he most needs it--in the summer, when money is scarce and everything can be bought at bottom figures for the cash. Austin not only makes respectable showing in shipping strawberries but there are large mum. Der of small fruit farms springing up ali round in the northern portion of this country, and all the best varieties of peaches, apples pears, plums, etc, as we'll as all kinds of berries, are being culti- vated and raised for the market, and we venture to say there is more money in circulation in and around Austin than in any part of the- county, and it all comes from raising and shipping fiuit in- stead of depending solely upon cotton. This locality raises large quantities of wheat, oats, corn, potatoes, etc, and at Austin is located splendid Touring mill that does a good business. What we need in Arkansas is more fruit farms and half of the cotton fields converted into corn, wheat, rye, oats and potatoes. Cotton is no longer king, and the farmer, sooner or later, will fully realize this.-- Lonoke Democrat
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
FOREIGN.

The tunnel between France and En- gland is reported perfectly practicable, as there is continuous bed of chalk between the two shores.
 The neutrality of England in the present war in Europe has assumed such a shape that the foreign office has decided that any British officer in the service of power which enters into hostiites against another power with which England is Ut peace, must resign either his foreign ap- pontment or his commission in the British service.
 Reports from Erzeroum say that the Russians continue to make determined at- tacks on Kars. Continued fighting at that place for three days resulted in the repulse of the Muscovite troops with great slaugh- ter. The Sukumkaleh rising in Caucasus, which had been languishing, has suddenly immensely revived.
 A disastrous fire occurred at St. Johns, New Brunswick, on June 2l. The telegraph office, all the public buildings, three prime pal hote's and all the newspaper offices, together with Trinity church, the customhou'e and about three.fourths of tie city, were destroyed, The loss is estimated at over SIX million dollars, and it is stated that thousands of homeless people are on the streets,
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Thoroug Inbred vs. Con, mO OH Sheep.

A farmer in this county, who is sup posed to own as good common sheep as anybody in this locality, sheared his flock on the 23d, and after weighing the fleeces, found that each sheep averaged two and a half ponnds. Take the whole number of sheep in this State, and they probably will not average more than the above. Say that wool is worth twenty cents per pound, the profits from each sheep will be fifty cents. Take now an estimate of feeces of the thoroughbred Merino and Cotswold which will not average less than eight pounds ger head-the net profits on each sheep, Sl60, or $1.10 in favor of the thoroughbred over the com mon stock. It is not, however, alto gether fair to estimate the feeces of the two breeds at the same price, as it is q we'll known fact that the wool of the thoroughbred will command a higher marketable value. Now it costs the same to raise the thoroughbred as the common sheep; the mutton of one is as good as the other; the profits of the wool of the thoroughbred is three times greater than from the common. Every farmer own ing a flock Of sheep should make it con- venient to purchase thoroughbred ram to improve the quality and yield of his wool such an investment will pay.-S. Liue Stock Journal.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Salt Used in France.

The first number of the new monthly Statistical Bulletin of tho French mins istry of finance contains some interesting tables showing the annual consumption of salt in France from 1916 to 1876. The lamentations seems to have been due principally to changes in duty, al> though the tendency has all the time been toward gradual increase of con- sumption. In 1916 the amount of salt consumed in France was II. 8 pounds per head of the population. Alter that it increased slowly, and between ISIS and lS4S it never fell below l32 pounds per head, but never reached 15 pounds, these being the extreme limits. In 1S49, owing to reduction of the duty, the average amount consumed rose to 20.6 pounds per head, and in 1873 to 218 pounds. The average amount consumed in S7 was 1894 pounds.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28

your cotton seed Co corn after 1t has been heated, and hsli of the nitrogen lost, put it on with your oats, sowing from October to January, as occasion serves blowing in the oats and cotton seed together with turning shovel, so as to protect the roots as much as possible from freezes. Apply from twenty to fifty bushels of cotton seed, according to their abundance, per acre, and the nitrogen in the seed will not only make good crop and leave a heavy stubble, but cause a luxuriant crop of grsss and weed to spring up, which, turned In, i' possible, before 1t goes to seed, will give you in the soil for the next cotton crop, not only fine supply of hnmus. but more nitrogen than you could haul out during winter, if you had nothing else to do, and an inexhaustible supply of stable manure at your command.
 You now prepare and plant this stub ble in cotton the succeeding year, with the usual quantity of a good nitro. phosphate, in order to supply the mani. fest deficiency of nitrogen and phosphoric acid in every worn soil not that these elements have been exhausted from our soils as yet, but existing as they do, to some extent, in unassimilated and insol- uble proportions they must be replen- ished by enough prepared by science to supply the deficiency.
 A soil we'll supplied with humus by this rotation of crops, should be planted two years in cotton, as the first year the finer stems and leaves are sufficiently converted into humus to be appropriated as plant food, leaving the coarser stalks and weeds to come into play the second criminals; Dr. Humbert, of Geneva, vol untarily produced tape worBs within himself, and the results of all these ex- periments were the same as those in the case of the lower animals.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
THE FOREIGN WAH.

Baron Krout, Russian noblemsn, ar. rested as Turkish spy some days ago at Plojesti, has not been shot.
 The Turks have organized and sent to the front fresh corps of cavalry 10000 strong.
 Portugal has proclaimed her neutral. ity in the Turco. Russian war, but Germany refuses to do so.
 The Russians are making active prep arations to cross the Danube at Ibrail, and that event may be looked for at an early day
 The Lendon Times states that the con- tingent furnished by the khedive consists of forty.fve hundred infantry, one thousand cavalry and five hundred artillerymen, with the necessary cannon. The cavalry and or. tillery are unprovided with horses. The khedive also sends one hundred thousand cartridges. A Vienna letter to the Times says: Great uneasiness is felt here relative to the attitude af Servia. Everybody is pre-. pared for occupation, If necessary. The par. ticipation of servia in the war, which d short time ago appeared possible to the Vienna cabinet, is now thought probable. Advices report terrible ravages by the Russians upon the Circassian population of Siberia. Towns are sacked, women ravished, and men banishsd. A reign of terror prevails. The Russians burned the military hospital in Ar dahanr Eight hundred inmates perished'
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Restoration Of the Soil.

Dr. E. M. Pendleton of Georgia, in writing on the above subject, says: We write in the interest of cotton planters, Ono other class), men who find them selves with plenty of poor land without laborers, and who desire to know how to make mule feed in order to grow cotton, cultivate their fields annually and remu- eratively, and ..yet gradually improve their lands.
 Admitting our postulate, that humus is the first principle exhausted from a worn soil, and next to it nitrogen and then phosphoric acid, how are those to be restored, 80 as to make the soil as productive as ever Without recon mending any regular rotation of crops, my plan is as follows:
 Plant cotton in fresh lands, as long as there is sufficient vegetable matter in the soil to produce good, healthy plants with out rust, applying from one to two hun dred pounds of good, soluble nitrophos- phate, with view, not so much to inn prove the land, as to mako a remu- erative crop. This application will i'm crease the crop from seventyfive to one hundred per cent. on production every ycdIy duu HUH ouC tO ANC uubuiCu ICi cent, on investment, according to the season, cultivation and the price of cot ton, and leave in the soil considerable phosphoric acid for the next crop.
 Where yer the land is evidently meas urably exhausted uf the vegetable matter which is known by rust in the cotton small weed, early maturity of fruit, great susceptibility to drouth, etc, ,---it must be changed from cotton to some humus producing crop. The most profit able to the planter is the oat crop, be- cause, while it makes more humus, it gives him more mule feed for the labor than any other plant. Corn and wheat may, however, be used with good results year. Thus, rotation of two years in cotton, and one in oats-applying cotton seed and guano as indicated, will give remunerative crops and keep the soil supplied with the three great principles which has been and are being exhausted from it, viz: humas, nitrogen, and phos- phOric acid.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
FARM AND PRESIDE.
Wheat Culture.

From the Knoxville Tribune, we take the following interesting article on varieties improved by hybridizing: Wa have received by express seven distinct varieties of wheat grown by an inteli- gent and successful farmer of Bradley county One bunch was cut down close to the roots, and measures five feet and two inches by actual measurement. The stalks are large and strong, and heads heavy and we'll filled. It was sowed September, IS, 1876, and was harvested June 4th. Very early. It is called the "Golden Straw-white smooth" No pretter wheat can be raised. We are iu receipt of the follow ing varieties Hybrid made by crossing the Walker upon the Fuitz; another hybrid, by crossing large California white upon the "Golden Straw; !" the Fultz, red smooth j" the Tennessee, white smooth" the "Clawson, white smooth; [" hybrid, by crossing upon the " Golden Straw" All the these seem to be fine varieties, and all produced by the enterprise and intelligence of the producer. He informs us that the Col den Straw" is ten days ahead of any other variety. The astonishing feature of his operations is hybridizng crossing one variety upon another, and with abso- lute success. Who will say that such a
 farmer is not benefactor to his country
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
StagGers in sheep.

This disease, otherwise known as sturdy" "hydatids on the brain. " etc. is caused by the presence of worm, the cenurus cerebralis, whose history is not only an astonishing series of change but also interesting as showing what difficult. ties the investigating nature of mankind can overcome. We condense the follow, ing account from Quatrefsgas.
 The cenurus is like semi-transparent sac filled with liquid, and sometimes as long as an egg, Numbers of heads, like those of the tenia or tape worm, are found upon its surface, and in continuity with the tissue of it's envelopes. The cmnurus is, therefore, cystic worm. Like the other species of this order, it has no trace of reproductice organ. How, then, is it produced This prob blem as been solved by Kuchenmeister. Led by his former experiment, he fed a dog with c1nuri. and he soon found in its intestiness tenia, which till then, had been regarded AS peculiar to the wolf. Next, when this worm was fully de- velOped, he fed sheep with those seements whose eggs already exhibited embryos with six hoOklets, and in & few days these were attacked with stargers. On killing them and opening the crania, c9nun in various stages ot development were found in their brains. In point of fact, Kuchenmeister sOwed the tape worm in the dog by feeding him with crnuri and the C@nuri in the sheep by feeding them on the matured segments of the tape worm.
 These experiments were not confined to the lower animals, but were made also on man. Leuckart experimented on his patients; kucheEmeis,er operated on m lands not too much exhausted. But a small grain crop is essential every few wears, as corn is itself, to some extent. n musdestroying plant.
 We sow oats, then first, To make mus cle to produce cotton and second. to grow humus, as food for the cotton itgeIf lp order to do this, instead of applying
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
THE WEST.

News from Portland, Oregon, conveys the startling intelligence of an uprising oi the Indians, and that they were murderlng the whites at Mount Idaho, situated sixty miles from Lewiston.
 Columbus. Ohio, has been selected as a reference point for the finding of the lon gitude for other places south and west, and a corps of officers from the coast survey department will be stationed in the city.
 Sitting Bull has settled down in Can- ada, where he is astonishing the natives by exhibiting trophies of the Custer massacre and telling of the valor of Mir. To! in his numerous conflicts with the troops, and the Canucks "takesit all in"
 The Emery arcade, opened June II, at Cincinnati, is novelty on this continent. It is four hundred feet long, connecting two principal streets through the center of the square. The arcade was brilliantly lighted and decorated, and was visited by forty thousand people.
 The following dispatch has been re- ceived by the commissioner of Indian affairs from the Neg Perces agency, Idaho: The non-treaty Indians commenced hostilities on June II, and twenty nine settlers are re- ported murdered and four Indians killed. The hostiles are about one hundred strong. They are reported to have gone to the Sal mon river country, and are making for the Weyser Guysers in southern Idaho. Troops are in pursuit. about twelve hours behind. The reservation Indians are true to the gov ment.
 A telegram from Fort Clark to the Galveston News says that detachment of Mexican government ti oops recently crossed the Rio Grande, to this side in order to avoid conflict with larger body of revo- lutionary troops, who were fast closing in on them. On the same night revolu. tionary body crossed the river and attacked the government soldiers, killing several and wounding many, and then returned to the Mexican side. The United States military authorities made captures of the Mexican troops for violation of ths neutrality law in crossing to the American side with arms, and having a battle thereon. There were forty men in Dumber including one colonel, three lieutenant colonels, and five captains.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
A Brave Girl.

The bravest girl in Australia is Grace Vernon Russell. The steamer Georgette was wrecked off the west coast, near Perth; small boat had been capsized in the surf, and women and children were struggling in the water. On the crest of prccipitous cliff appeared the figure of young lady on horseback. To the sailors on the stranded vessel it seemed utterly impossible that horse and it's rider should be able to descend that precipice. But the young lady never faltered. She plunged down at full speed, and, reaching the shore, spurred her horse into the boiling surf. There were two lines of roaring breakers. With her splendid pluck she dashed through them and reached the boat, to which the affrighted woman and children were clingirg. Her horse stumbled over a hawser which stretched between the wreck and the small boat but she chung to the saddle and brought the women and children to land. There was still a man left on board the boat. She plunged into the breakers again and brought him safe to the shore. While those whom she had saved were rescuing thoee who remained on the wreck, the heroic girl, drenched with the sea foam and half fainting with fatigue, galleped dozen miles home to have relief sent to the halfdrowned. half-necked folks whom she had left on the beach. Her sister, Mrs. BrscKman, took horse, galloped that night. through the woods to the shore, taking tea, milk, sugar and flour for the destitute people; and the next day the rescued were brought to Mr. Brockman's house and cared for. The anxiety and excitement proved fatal to Mrs. Brockman, who took severe cold, and died eventually of brain fever. Grace Vernon Bussel still lives.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Adulterated Food.

The Canadian commissioner of internal revenue has been making an anaiysis of various articles of food entering into popular consumption, and the result of his investigations is anything but pleas ant. In the course of his inquiries the commissioner analysed one hundred and eighty articles of food, ninety-three oi which, or more than fifty per cent, were found to be adulterated. Coffee was not only mixed with chickory but with roasted peas and beans also. Out of ten samples examined, but a single one was pure. Tea was found to be adulterated with various noxious weeds and with willow leaves artifcially colored by drugs Twenty samples were examined, and but four eff them were found to be pure. Two specimens were pronounced by the commissioners to be "unfit fol human consumption. Out of fifty-eight sam ples of milk thirty four were adulterated, and out of nineteen specimens or pepper but two were free from foreign admix- lures. All the samples of ground cloves, cinnamon, ginger and mustard were adulterated. The last named article was discovered to be composed of turmeric and wheat flour. Allspice had large proportion of roasted pea meal 1t it's composition, and ground cloves were eked out with clove bark, woody fibre and pea meal. Cinnamon proved % be composed of cassia bark, pea nsal. mustard and buckwheat husks. The other articles examined were forGd to be made up in 8 similarly fraudulent manner. Such de. velopments go to show to what an ex- tent the ordinary every day articles o! food are tempered with by interruptions dealers, and to prove the necessity for frequent inspection, to prevent the frauds thus practiced on the public.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
Remarkable Fatalities.

A Cornell student. named O S. ktstE. waM drowned mt Fall creek, n<Ar the university en sunday fast. What makes the matter remarkable is that Cornell has iass a student by dFowulne at the same place Hnd at0nt she samc time annually during ihs lace three ysar ghaFies " kmTrsos MMs afewmed in Fall crrek oa the sitsrnoaa of aecorntian day, 1875; fFxsk Nsanes w4s An0wned Ia the same place eB the aftsFuoaa Of Jane 2b, tsg6, and again ca June 8. tS77. a nsmiiisr easuasty has occurred. kseh wms dvoxaed sheat ax 2. m, and was mrmhsE of the suphamaore eia.s. Each wss an editoF elect oi the Cornell Rfvew. and Ali weFe nsemh@ss of the Nnlscnity Christian aaaociation.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28

conversion bonds, and by the scaling of the remainder of the debt to 50 cents on the dollar. The actual bonded debt of the state Oct. si, 1867, principal and interest was so'' 522.576. To this must be added the bonds issued to redeem the bills receivable issued under Gov, Orr's administration, making the ante.reconstruction debt $5,007,57o or $oo'- 65e more than the debt under the consoiida' ton actn
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28
,ro ,oRRuspoNDENrs.

All communications for this paper should be ae- panied by the name Of the author; not necessary for ublcation but evidence of good aith on ,ne part of the writer Manuscript should Dc written only one side of tho psper De particularly care fu in regard to your dates, and to having all senA lures plainly written.
The Russellville Democrat., 1877-06-28

We cut the following from the many addresses on decoration day delivered over the graves on the "union and con- federa.e dead:"