The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-04-02

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man modestly puts forward as the true founder
OF the 1factarian movement, was rather shy Of
him at fr-t, probably because his young confrero
\ bore upon bin the marks Of the evangelical
and liberal schools. They were brought to-
Rethe. by Fruude, who says in mis- " Remains: :"
DO you know the story Of the murderer who
had done one good thing In his lfe7 Well, III
was ever asked what good thing had ever done,l
al juld say had brought KeJe and Newman to
underst nd each other"
From the christian Year." and close inter
course with its au, hor Newman conceives that
be derived two main intellectual trutbs." rue
nrst was what 10 met ,Uhysics Ia termed "D erk
levism." and what In theology might be called
the Ornamental system. that Is, the doctrine
that material phenomena are both the types and
the instruments OF real things unseen. This
doctrine. Newman now thinks, embraces not
only what Analcans IA well as Romanists be-
lieve about tue sacraments. but also the C,tho-
lie article Of the Communion of the SAINTS"
and likewise the Mysteries OF the Faith"
As to the second intellectual primo pie gained
from Kebe, his friend considered that tho
former had measurably supplemented Buffers
teaching In the Analogy" that probability Is the
guide OF life. The reproach Of Buffers doc
trine had always been that II could not ell re-
fuse to accept the celebrated saying, 80 God,
II there be a God, save my soul, " have n
SOUL" as the highest measure of devotion.
Keble had met this difficulty IN rather mysti-
cal way by ascrioing tho nrmness OF assent
which we give to RELIGIOUS dogma. not to the
probabilities which introduced It, but to the
living power Of faith and love which accepted
II. We must say that Newman's own argument
worked out IN the "Grammar OF A sent" Is far
superior to Kebles In point of logic. A tho
question involved lie In some sort crucial, New
mans view IL well worth quoting. "1he abso-
Lutte certitude," he thinks, which we are able
to pos ess, whether az to tue truths Of natural
theology or AZ to the fact OF a revelation, is tho
result Of nm assemba9e ~ concurring and con.
verging probabilities. Gertrude is a habit Of
mind, certainty quality of propositlons. Prob
Abilities which do not reach TO logical certainty
may suffice for mental gertrude, and this may
equ In measure and strength that created by
the strctest scientific demonstrations" lie adds
that TO Possess such gertrude might In given
cases and to given individuals be a plain duty,
though not to Others In other circumstances.
This theory IL now ranked among hts most nota-
BILE contributions TO catholic dlalectics.
Hurrcll Froude. perhaps more than any 9th
man, may have helped to determine Newman's
ultimate career, which gonna 10 h re been
shaped, however. In the main by INDEPENDENT
Investigations. Froude. whose premature death
occurred In 1870, WAS undoubtedly man Of
genius, brinfull OF original ideas. too many and
strong, indeed. for his physical strength. and
therefore crowded and Josilei In their effort
alter distinct ex re-sinn. That his religious
views would finally have culmina'ed New
mans did Is probable, since he avowed his adj
miration OF the Church OF Rome, ana his hatred
Of the German Reformers. He loved the notion
Of herarchical system. OF sacerdotal power.
scorned the maxim. 1.-THE Boe only is the reli
81 Of Protestants." and elored IN accepting
tradition US the authentic instrument OF r. H.
gtous teaching. He delighted In thinking OF the
saints, was disposed to admit large amount Of
miraculous Interference In the early aud middle
ages, and be EN- braced the principle Of penanc
and mortihca ion. On the whole, rather a dan
RerUus comrade for a young Anglican divine,
yet " h fact that most OF these opinions were
botlv comba'ted by Newman at the outset -
their acquaintance, and that few, n any had
been consciously assimilated until after hi,
friends death. But It l. PLAIN that association
with Froude must at all events have familiar
ized his mind with posture and temper to-
ward the Romisb Church Numerically opposed
TO bis own semi liberal. semi-C Cal whistle bis.
That Froude personally never contemplated
secession from the Church Of Engl nd, but pre-
sumed himself To be working In tho interest OF
the truest Angcinism, although violently
hostile both to the SLOW and broad "interpre-
tation, Is evident from the account OF tour
through Italy winch ne and Newman undertook
IN the winter Of lS2+9. They found plea uie
In historical sights and beautiful scenes, not in
men or manners. "We kept clear Of & tnolics."
SAYS Newman. "throuehout our entire tour.
l mad conversation wi the Dean Of Malta,
but II was about the Fathers ana the library of
the great church. knew the Abbite StntIni
at Rome, who did more tn copy for me
the Gregorun tunes. Frnude and l IN de two
calls upon MonsiRnore (afterward CARDINAL
Wis m IN at the English college shortly before
we left Rome l 90 not recoliect being In a
room with any other ecclesiast. cs, Except a
| Siciian priest who called on me when was III,
AID with whom | wished To hold u controversy.
Ny genera feeling was, all save the spirit Of
| man IL divine. p"
Meanwhile n storm was brewing In England
which was TO transform Newman into the cham
pion Of those "hgh" Anglican tenets pro-
claimed by Laud and Andrews, from whch
| position he was to be impeed ny inexorable
| logic toward Rome. The Broad Chu ch faction
| had lately gained remarkable development and
was now assuming q boldly aggressive attitude.
DIR. HamDden had printed his pamphlet re
| specting theological tests In the universities
with which the attack OF the Liberals up, n
| oxford NAV be said TO have begun. A bill for
the suppression OF the Irish sees had been In
troduced IN Parliament. How radical, II uncon-
scious, a cnlnge Newman's way Of thinking had
already undergone would appear from the fact
that he shared his friends Indignation, and con.
cei,ed the ructure and essence OF the Church
10 be imperiled by these movements. Both were
eager to return home, and Froude, borrowing
a Homer, chose for motto TO tho " Lyra Apos
tOlica," which he and Newman were preparing,
the words OF Achilles, "Ye shall know the
difference now that anu back againr'
Another and far more decisive source OF the
opinions which Newman now to advocate
remains tn be mentioned. While lad, before
matriculating at the University, be had reud
| Miners Church History, and been mot hing
short OF enamored" OF the long extracts from
| St. Augustine, st. Ambrose, and the other
fathers which he found there. In proportion IA
| he moved out OF what he presently Gale the
"shadow" OF Liberalism, his devotion to
| Patrisic authors returned, and so early "a 1923
he had begun to read them chronoloVic allv.
Asked to furnish history of the principal
| Councils. he set To work on the Council OF Nice
| but his studies drifting further back, the book