American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1876-02-26
INDUSTRIAL.

| THERE are 694 cotton mills in the South
ern States.
RICH specimens of copper ore have
been found in Cleburne County, Ala. aa
THERE seems to be quite 8 revival
in the iron trade in Cleveland, Ohio. Most
of the mills are now at work.
THE production OF pig-iron in the
United States in 1875 was about 2, 100, 900
tons net, falling off of 100000 tons as
compared with the previous year.
THE value of the butter made in the
| United States in 1875 amounted to 1920,
| 000, 600. This is equal to the combined
yield of gold and silver and the cotton
crop.
THE very largest pumpkin Of all is one
at Healdsburg, CAL, which weighs 200
pounds. 1t measures six feet eight inches
in circumference one way and eight feet
four inches the other.
THE leading manufacturing industries
of New Jersey have all experienced the
effects, more or less, of the stringency of
the times, but none of them have become
so thoroughly crippled as that of glass and
glassware making. This important
branch of manufacturing is at this time
undergoing an extraordinary period OF
depression.
In welding iron, as is we'll known, the
pieces are heated to whiteness. When
iron is to be welded to iron, this plan an
swers we'll; but if iron is to be welded to
steel the white heat often destroys the
steel. To prevent this-according to IA
newly invented process-the surface Of
the metal TO be welded is moistencd with
water, and on the wet surface there is
sprinkled compound of one pound each
of pulverized calcined borax and iron
filings, and four ounces pulverizcd prus-
state of potash, intimately mixed. The
two surfaces are then wired and raised to
a red heat, or about 600 to 700 degrees
Fab. When subsequently subjected to
rolling or hammering, the joint IS COM
'pleted, while the steel is not sufficiently
raised in temperature to be nj all Injured
by the operation.-.Hc Journal.
PROF. MowBRAY, says the Springfield
Republican, will put up two story wood
en- building at North Adams, Mass, 1UOS
IS feet, on the site of his late nitro glycer-
inc works. 1t is intended SO TO model,the
new works that by supply of warm and
cold air, and warm and cold water, with
leaden floor, the risks from splitting nitro
glycerine, and from thawing out when it
has CONCEALED, will hereafter be entirely
removed. At the close of each days
work the last vestiges, whether of nitro
glycerine, acid vapors or waters impreg-
mated with the same, will be entirely
cleared away. About two hours work
every day will be the limit of manufactur-
ing. Only fifteen minutes of this time
will be used in handling the explosive
material; the remainder of the time will
be spent in clearing up and preparing for
the next days run. Thus danger will at
least be reduced to a minimum.
IT is acknowledged on all hands, and
even by the most competent judges in
Europe, that the American gun iron is
the strongest and best cast-iron in the
world, the mean tenacity of the metal of
the fifteen-inch guns made being about
eighteen tons per square inch, and in
some cases reaching twenty tons. The
iron is smeted in small charcoal furnaces
with cold or moderately warm. blast, and
from pure, rich, soft limonites. The crude
pigs are subjected to one and sometimes
two preliminary MEETINGS in an air fur
mace with sand bottom. The guns for the
army are cast hollow, and cooled from
the interior by water core, while those
for the navy, with the exception OF the
fifteen inch, are cast solid. A wood fire
is kept up in the pit for several days dur
ing the cooling. The water core is at
length removed, and water is circulated
in the naked bore until the gun is quito
cold The initial tension thus produced
is considerable, though in very rare cases
excessive. The degree of tension is de-
termined by cutting Off an annulus from
the sinking head or muZZlc, and planning
a radial cut. Just before the cut has
passed through the annulus the ring snaps
and the amount of cape gives the relative
Y. Sun.