Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1876-01-26
From the Spectroscope.e e.er h.
Multiplex Telegraphy. a
BY G. II. HASKINS.

.1oln my lormer article upon Gray S
Telephone, or musical electrical inveu-
ton, I stated that the inventor was
busily at work, adapting it to tele.
graphic purposes Aud I promised
then, to explain, in future article.
the result he was working for. This I
will now do as we'll as / can, without
diagrams. 3aad Feeo to
The common, or Morse system of
Telegraphy used in the United States,
upon Commercial lines, is single
transmitting system. That is, bat one
operator can transmit a message upon
wire at a time. All Offices on that
wire, however, can copy the same mes
sage, when sent BY any Office on the
circuit.
AS an improvement upon this sys.
tem--to double the efficiency of lines
between important points--Duplex
Telegraphy has, Of late years, been 10
vented and adopted Several different
systems Of Duplex have beer devised
aud the result, with any of them, is to
double the capacity of any wire, be-
tween two given points-message pass
lug in both directions multaneously.
Thus, while the Milwaukee Office is
seuding messages to St. Paul the lat
ter office is also sending to Milwaukee
Later still, we have the Quadrupex,
by means of which tro messages may
be sent in each direction Simultaneous
ly. This last, however, owing to the
complication Of circuits and certain
effects resulting therefrom, which only
an electrical expert can clearly com
prehend, is applicable only to compara-
lively short lines, and is not, therefore,
capable Of such universal application
as the Duplex.
4 moments reflection will satisfy
the reader why these new systems are
desirable The increased used of
the Telegraph as mode of communi
cation has heretofore necessitated the
erection of vast number of wires to
accommodate the demand Yet, this
effort to answer the demand, has not
been as satisfactory to the owners Of
lies, as it should have been, for with
greater number Of wires has come
also, not only the interest on the in
vestment, bat increased liability to In
terruption, and demand for lower tar
ifs. Hence, the necessity ior some
method Of Increasing the capacity OF
existing wires.
And Mr.. Gray now comes forward
with system, founded on his musical
wondev. the Telephone. which bids fair
to increase the capacity of all through
wires ten fold or more.
80 In my former article, | explained
that in playing music at "distance. .
using a telegraph wire for the medium
through which the tones were said to
pass, that no tones really passed at all,
but that springs or musical reeds, vi.
brating In accordance with the law of
vbration-w which necess,tates an ab-
solute number of vibrations for each
musical toue-came in contact, at each
vibration, with point which is con
nected to The line wire, and wire from
battery being attached to the vibrating
reed an electrical impulse was sent to
line at each vibration.
And also, that if, at the farthef end
of the2line, an electro magnet is plac-
ed, mounted On sounding ox-to in
crease the sound-the molecules Of the
iron core of the electro magnet, will
be thrown into vibration, repeating the
musical tones of the reeds which trans
NIT the electric impulses. a
In its application to TelegrapEy 1.-the
same lpie-that Of vibration-is
employed, but the application is differ
ent. The. reeds that send the electri-
cal vibrations, are mounted upon separ-
ate bases Each reed is vibrated con-
sfantly, by electro magnets, actuated
BY ANAL battery. An ordinary
Morse Telegraph key, is introduced in
the circuit, which, when at rest, pre-
vents the passage of the vibrations,
tut when depressed by the operator.
allows the vibrations Of the current to
s flow to line.
And, at the other end of the iiae.
are a number Of electro magnets.
mounted on boxes, tuned to vibrase in
unision with the reed that controls the
vibrations Of current at the sending
end. On the top Of each of these
electro magnets, IS placed a small steel
reed, similar to its fellow at the send
ing end of the line.
Now for the operation. Take one
sending reed, whose natural rate of
vibration is, say, FIVE hundred per sec
ond. The operator depresses the key
and the reed sends FIVE hundred cleo
tral waves or impulses per second
through the wire.
The cores of all of the receiving
magnets at the other end, are ayitatsd
by the incoming current, but none Of