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, 1876-08-16
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, 1876-08-16
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The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
Cheap Production.

CHEAP production is now the chief
necessity of our agriculture. Ameri-
can farmers have now to compete with
the whole world, and many of our
competitors live very poorly and cheap
ly, and have land as cheap as ours. To
compete with these, we are under the
disadvantage that we cannot live as
poorly or as cheaply as they do, our
higher civilization not admitting of it,
We must, then, raise larger crops, with
the same labor, than they do, or use
our labor more effectively. Many per-
sons would have us believe that we
must necessarily produce as high an
average per acre as the English farm
ers do, OF fail i'll our competition with
them. There is no necessity for this.
There is point in production beyond
which we cannot go with profit. The
Kansas or Nebraska farmer who grows
twenty-five bushels Of wheat every
other year for twenty years upon his
rich, cheap soil without manure, and
with minimum of labor and cost,
can easily compete with the English
farmer, who pays an annual rent equal
to the whole purchase money of his
competitors farm, and has to spend
ten OF twelve dollars per acre in ma
nure. But if the Western farmer
should, by tertilizing his land. double
its yield, the extra twenty-five bushels
would not be grown at a profit Here
is principle which affects our whole
agriculture, and no rules can be safely
laid down for us which violate this
principle. We must discover the limit
of the profitable production Of our
farms, each farmer for himself, and
avoid any attempts to pass that limit
The whole secret of good and profit
able farming is to extend the limit as
far as possible; it is bad and unprofit-
able farming to either fall below that
limit or to go beyond it, There are
instances i'll which an extremely large
yield is grown at Il positive loss, as
was the case of that farmer who
raised 100 bushels of corn per acre
with the expenditure of $102 worth of
manure and labor, while he raised
sixty bushels without the manure and
with less than half the labor. This
may be called "high farming" but it
is not profitable.-American Agricul-
turiSt.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
HOUSEHOLD .uTNTs

p CLEANING SILvER-PLATED WARE.
The use of soap gives them leaden
hue. When furnished rub them with
a little fine whiting wet with water;
then wash them clean in soft, warm
water. Dry them, after which polish
with fine whiting on soft chamois
skin.
THAT most delicious of vegetables,
squash, is often spoiled by the same
cause that makes potatoes rmeatable-
the water in or over which it is cooked
is not thoroughly dried out. Squash
should be steamed, and the pieces,
when they are done, must be squeezed
in coarse cloth until the vegetable is
comparatively dry. Then beat it up
briskly and season literally with but
ter, pepper and salt. Don't allow
squash to come to the table ''mushy""
and stringy. ..rs
WASHING FLUfD.-The following
lluid is valuable one for assisting III
large Washings. 1t renders the clothes
white and clean with less than half
the rubbing and does not iniure them :
Dissolve i lbs. of washing soda and
Il ID. borax in Il gallon of water by
boiling. When the solution is cold
add a half teacupful of aqua am
monia Spirits of hartshorm and then
place the whole in well corked jug.
Use teacupful to every Dail of water
in washing. -Erchange
To. CLEAN GLOVES. -The ladies will
be glad to learn how to make their old
kid gloves almost as good as new.
Make a thick mucilage by boiling a
a handful of flaxseed: add a little dis
solved soap: then when the mixture
cools place the gloves on the hands,
and with piece of white flannel rub
the mixture upon the gloves until they
are clean. Use only a enough of the
mixture to remove the dirt without
wetting entirely through the glove.
Then rub them dry before a fire.
PEACH TAPIoCA-Soak half a pint
tapioca in half pint of cold water
! for several hours or over night. Fill,
Il baking-dish half full Of nice canned
| peaches, leaving out the strip. Sprin'
| kle sugar over the peaches, to suit
the taste, and bake half an hour
Add half a pint of the peach sirus t.
the tapioca, as much boiling water as
is needed to thin it, and half teacuI
of sugar. Boil this till perfectly clear
then pour over the peaches, and bake
slowly for another half hour. WheT
cold serve with sugar and rich cream
A LADY writes an Eastern En-
change: In cooking vegetables ast
what the Yankee hOusekeeper calls
jedgment' Half the vegetables
cooked are spoiled by being just hal
done. Hard potatoes, stringy squash
woodeny beets, and tough onions eN
aSperate anybody who cares for gOOt
food. These most delicious foods ar,
utterly detestable if not thoroughly
done, yet people go on eating them i'll
definitely, unconscious apparently tina
they can be made to taste any better
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
Summer Fashions.

VICTORIA lawn is used for plain
sacQues, fine French nansook for nicer
ones linen sacQues are made to order,
and are liked by many for their cool
ness, but as they rumple and show
soils readily, the furnishing-houses do
not keep supply of them.
PetticOats are made fuller than for
merly. They have straight breadths
behind, with an exceedingly narrow
side gore and front breadth. The belt
is cut. i'll point in front, while the
straight back has drawing-strings that
enable the Wearer to change the size.
Among domestic muSlins the best
brands are now sold for twelve and IA
half cents up to fourteen cents Il yard,
and very good light muslins may be
had for ten cents. French machine
made embroideries are used for trim
ming these, and are now found in neat
patterns, and as substantial as needle
work.
White muslin sacqucs me the popu-
lar garments this summer for wearing
with colOred skirts. in preference to
the plated waists that have been so
long used. The latter garments are
not entirely discarded, but are not con-
sidered as dressy as the sacqueS, which
are worn on the street as we'll as in the
house.
Dressing Sacques made by hand are
now imported and sold as low as
$3.50. Tucks and ncedlc-work are the
preferred trimming. Some new toilet
sacques have a seam down the middle
Of the back, sloping them to the figure
slightly: but these are not liked as
well as the straight, old-fashioncd
shape with only under-arm seams.
White suits, though seldom seen on
the street this season, are as popular
as ever at the watering-places and for
house dresses. Victoria lawns and
nansO0ks are most used: pique has lost
favor, except for morning wrappers.
The simplest suits are made with
sacques shaped by darts, long, round
oyer-skirts and demi-trains. They are
trimmed with tucked rutlles or en-
brOidered tlounces, headed by clusters
of tucks. At the best houses those
made i'll the neatest manner cost from
$50 to $25.
The muslinS used in the French fur
nlshlng houses are now imported and
sold here. There are heavy French
percales, hard-tinished, with even
round threads, used for winter under
clothing and forskirts, at from twenty
five to forty-tve cents yard: soft-tin-
iShed French camhrics of lighter quail
lty, for summer lingerie, cost from
fifty cents to S1.25 a yard. English
percales, of soft, smooth, even threads.
ready for the needle, cost the same AS
the French goods. English nansook
and cambria for gowns and skirts is a
yard wide, and costs from twentv-six
cents to $1.00.-HaIpey's B0zdr.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
Summer Care Of Stock.

THERE is no product of the farm
which brings price so uniformly good
as pork, with an increasing foreign de-
mand, greater, in proportion, than the
production in our own country. Judg-
ing from our own experience, this need
not be, from the resources, combining
the corn and the grass fields of the
West. with amore skillful management,
and the pork product of to-day may be
very nearly or quite doubled without
any additional expense. AS rule, the
farmers of the fertile prairies of the
West do not use this great natural food
and fertilizer, clover, enough. 1t is
food for the swine, it is food for the
soil. The more clover the nom corn
and other products of the farm, and
the more produce the more pork, and
the more pork the more money in your
pocket. 1t is none of the borrowing
from Peter to pay Paul. process, either;
for while wealth is being added to the
farmers store, the land is growing
richer, too. .-
So that with a proper system of TO-
tation of crops, and a management of
swine based upon scientific principles,
the land may be made to produce more,
and the hogs may be made to weigh
more, upon the same amount of food
and bring a better price per hundred,
and there will be less loss from disease
than is now constantly occurring. A
few simple rules, persistently carried
out, will revolutionize all the ordinary
methods of swine management now in
use. A greater variety of food should
be provided, with plenty of room.
Grass is the least expensive food for
hogs, and a kind of food that seems to
put them just in the proper condition
to prepare them for the fattening
process when the time comes for them
to be fed more expensive food.
Exercise is just as essential to the
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
continual health of the growing hog

continued health of the growing hog
as to any other animal, and to under
take to keep swine, closely confined
during the whole period of their
growth, and feed them wholly, upon
carbonaceous diet, and expect them to
remain in healthy condition, is pre-
posterous. Corn puts the finishing
touch to the avoirdupois of a great
porker, yet to produce the bestresults,
he must be as well prepared for it as
the equine Dexter is for his course on
the race track. That the hog may
have vigorous digestion, large,
roomy frame, and healthy organism,
the conditions must be such as to de-
velop them. ..,.s....y 8 ID
Beef is said to be more wholesome
for human food than pork, for the
simple reason that it contains all the
properties inbetter proportion to sup
ply the demand of the system. How
can pork contain the phosphate and
heterogeneous qualities, unless fed upon
food containing these properties? For
profit and good wholesome pork, farm
ers will find that the less corn, which
is largely carbonaceous, is fed to stock
hogs during summer. the better. Al
low them plenty of grass, with an
abundance of good water and cool
shade, and the run of the stubble fields
as soon as the grain is removed. They
will destroy many foul weeds, which
are nutritious for food, and gather VI
the stray heads of grain, so that moth
ing is lost besides it gives them q
fresh place us a Sanitive measure, ano
gives them a new impetus for thrift
Do not neglect them, though no foot
is needed, for little attentions daily
bestowed, with a little salt, etc., art
not more appreciated by any other an
| imal.
The eye of the owner in this cast
certainly fattens the stock. The hos
is naturally Il lazy animal, and unless
he has d motive or some impetus t.
move him about, he invites all Thu
| forms of "cholera'' which are under
| stood to mean all the diseases know
| to the hog. Western RurUl.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
Missed Blessings.

ALONG the path of every human life
the Lord has placed innumerable bless
ings. They are thick as the blades of
grass in the meadow walk, or the fall
len leaves in the forest. We see and
enjoy some of them; but many we
miss until we have passed them, and
it is too late to return. In looking
back over the history of our lives, we
can all recall occasions more or less
numerous in which, by our ignor-
ance, heedlessness or willfulness, we
have thus missed blessings which the
Lord had placed within our reach.
Doubtless we all pass by unnoticed
many more than we see or stop to
possess and enjoy. The business man
remembers where the path opened to
wealth, but he did not enter it, and
now it is closed against him. The STU
dent can see where knowledge spread
her fair and wonderful pages to him, but
blinded by some illusion of more SEN
suous good, he did not recognize them.
Now he has become immersed in other
duties, and it is too late. We came,
perhaps, within the sweet attractions
of pleasant social relations, or the
more sacred affinities of congenial
heart; but some spirit of perverseness,
or some temporary or more powerful
influence prevailed, and we missed the
richest blessings of life. But, most
deplorable of all, every one can see
where the Lord gave him the means
and the opportunity to confer a great
blessing upon others, but some selfish
or worldly love controlled his action,
and missed the opportunity and lost
the means.-Nea0 Jerusalem Messen-
ger.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
Walrus and Seal Fishing on the
Coast of Norway.

! THE crew of vessel QUILTED for a
season in the Spitzbergen seas must
consist at least of a skyppar, or cap
tain, a couple of men to act as har-
pooners or mates, and six or eight ex-
perienced seamen; and the vessel must
be equipped with harpoons, lines,
lances, seal-hooks, axes, blubber-
knives, oars, shafts (for lances and
harpoons), casks for blubber, salt for
skins, and ample provisions for the
crew. A couple of boats are indis-
pensable.
A well-constructed walrus-boat, for
! five men, is twenty-one feet long, with
five-foot beam, having the main
breadth one-third from the bow. 1t
must be bow-shaped at both ends, and
easily turned upon its own center.
| The harpooner sits in the bow. A
deep notch is cut i'll the sternpiece of
the boat, and three others in piece of
hard wood on each side of it; these are
! for the lines, which must be pre-
vented from slipping farther aft on the
gunwale than the notches, as, if they
do, the boat may upset. The boats
are painted white to resemble the ice.
Each boat is usually provided with six
harpoons, used for both seal and wal
rus. "A line Of twelve OF fifteen faith
oms is grummeted to the harpoon-head,
and when the harpoon is thrust into
an animal the struggles draw the line
tight; the large outer barb takes up
loop in the hide or flesh, and the
smaller inner barb, like that of fish
hook, prevents it from becoming olsen
gagged. The harpOons are thrown from
shafts of twelve or thirteen feet in
length, and an inch and half in thick
ness, the ends being pointed to fit into
the sockets of the heads. The harpoons
are placed and fixed on these shafts,
and are used in this manner for either
thrusting or darting. A skilful har-
pooner, they say, will throw one with
sufficient force and precision to secure
seal or walrus thirty feet distant.
-Four or five heavy lances, with large
shafts, are required to dispatch the sea-
horse. In the case of seals lance is
not used, as it spoils the skin, and here
the haak-pick, or seal-hook, which is
driven or stuck into the brain, is had
recourse to.
Two axes are necessary, one large
one for decapitating dead walruseS,
and another small, handy ak, for cut
ting the line should the maneuvers of |
the walrus threaten to capsize the boat. /
Blubber-knives, half dozen or so, are
headed for 'tiensing," that is, strip
ping the skin and blubber from the an
imals when caught. An ice-anchor,
purchase blocks, etc., are also EN-
ployed.
A good quantity of food should also
be slowed in the boat before leaving
the ship for a chase, as circumstances,
such as floating ice, or foggy weather,
may intervene to prevent approach for
ten, or even twenty OF more days.
Many poor people have been left to
perish miserably on the bleak and de-
sert islands of Spitzbergen byaccidents
arising from fog, ice and currents. A
story is told of a skyppar and seven
seamen who, in 1855, think it was,
having anchored their sloop to an ice
berg, landed to attack a herd of bears,
leaving the vessel in charge Of two /
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
He Giveth More Grace,

IF we have ever so little sincere de-
sire to serve God and to be His, is it
not absolutely certain, from the whole
tenor Of His words and deeds, that He
Will meet us more than half way, and
bring us on in the right path with more
than a mothers tenderness? He re-
quires from us a very arduous stand
ard of sentiment and duty. Granted.
But does He demand anything which
he is not ready to supply? Is He a
Pharaoh, who, while he requires us to
build pyramid, bids us go get straw
where we can find it? Truly, no. For
every responsibility which we have to
meet, He offers to qualify us. For
every height which we have to climb,
He furnishes an inward strength. So
that, whatever be our faithless fore
castings before we fairly come up with
our burdens, it is extremely questiona-
BILE whether, while we are bearing
them, the heavier seems more op-
pressive than the lighter. For the
feeling of a burdens oppressiveness
must of course be proportional to
our strength, And if with a double
burden the Lord supplies a double
strength, it is exactly the same to our
experience as if with half burden He
left us half the strength. Isaac leads
a quiet life; and it is not recorded that
any great revelation was made to him.
Jacob is tossed with troubles, and in
the midst of them he dreams of the
great, bright ladder which spanned the
distance between heaven and earth.
The same is the law of the Christian
life; an easy pilgrimage, and no ex-
traordlnarX support; tempest-tossed
career, and a strong consolation. We
need not faint, then, at any prospect
before us. Progress in grace may be
arduous, difficult, impossible to flesh
and blood-out of the question, it may
be said, while living in the old world
but to all alleged difficulties there is
one simple answer, "He gipeth more
grace. "-Church Union. .--
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
IANY who are SUFFERING C-arn the effects


Of the warm weather and are deblitated are ad-
vised by physicians to take moderate amounts of
whisky two Or three times during the day. In a
little while those who adopt this advice frequently
increase the number Of - drinks and in time be-
come confirmed nebriates. A beverage which
will not create thirst for Intoxicating liquors and
which is intended especially for the benefit of de-
bilitated persons whether at home abroad is
DR.. Schenck's Sea Weed Tonic Containing the
juices of many medicinal herbs this preparation
does not create an appetite for the Intoxicating
cup. The nourishing and the life supporting prop.
critics Of many valuable natural productions con
tanned in it and well known to medca! men have
a most strengthening influence. a single bottle OF
the Tonic will demonstrate its valuable qualities.
For debility arising from sickness. over-eXertiOn,
or from any cause whatever, wincSlassful Of Sea
Weed Tonic taken after meals will strengthen the
stomach and create an appetite for wholesome
food. To all who are about leayin- their homes
we desire to say that the excellent effects of Or,
Schenck's seasopahlc remedies Sea Weed Tonic
and Mandrake Iills--are particularly evident " hen
taken by those who are injmiopsly affected by
change of water and diet \ o person ,hoG.d leave
home vi. hugt taking supply OF these safc,u
along. For sale By Ill Dr.yists
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
9or Nanng Readtrs.
= THE TWO FLAGS. :

49,
As II FABLE
You never can hope" said gay new dag
To an old DC, battered and torn YggkS0
. To wave efthe SIR your powder-stalned rag,
In blaze Of this jubilant morn. %
: But keep yourself folded, hiding your rent,
And perhaps somewhere in the rear
They'll carry you yet; tho" -
@ meant "a. 80 ,'.gn Jete Jays wefe
= bright hsgs-fresh colors, my dear" sal
Wild music came peaiing; lines of brave men
Were linked in professional throng;
Hands clapped, flowers showered, and braves
rang, when IA
The honored and loved passed along.
The new flag waved proudly, Haunting its grace.
The multitude saw it, unstirred;
But murmurs arose round the old flags place
Hurrah! hundred hurrahs were heard.
-
" Our cannonrent banner! In at the death!
Our battle stained fag!" cried the men.
" Our dear flag" said women, under their breath.
Three cheers for the old fag!,' rang then.
The old flag was cheered, yes! loudly and long,
Till days jubilate was gone.
All! new flag, you're fresh and brilliant and
strong;
But glorys thing to bewon.
Laura Sanford, in ". Y. Independent.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10
One of the Lessons of Adver-
Sity.

THE panic of 1878, and the gradual
settling down of values since, have
brought distress and absolute suffering
to many who never before knew how
much trouble lies in the fact of an in
come less than an expense account
"The panic at first was matter. to
Jest about. For while it did not
affect prices or labor, income or expen-
diture. When the first furry was
over there seemed to have been no
reason for any furry at all, and men
began to live again on the same scale.
Since then, and especially during the
last two years, there has been no room
for testing. The panic meant a general
balance, and vast number were not
ready for it. The verbosely hopeful
Micawber fairly stated vital truth,
the grim certainty of which became
impressively prominent: annual in
come twenty pounds, annual expendi-
ture nineteen pounds nineteen six,
result happiness. Annual income
twenty pounds, annual expenditure
twenty pounds ought and six, re-
suit misery Men found they had
been living on the latter basis. The
balance-sheet forced into the personal
attention of everybody has had most
careful scanning. The study was how
to increase receipts and diminish ex-
penses. Increase of receipts at such a
time is almost an impossibility. and this
fact appearing conclusively, attention
was given with renewed zeal to the
work of cutting down expenses. This
work has had no rest. Expenses OF |
every kind have been cut down to the
minimum. Smaller houses have been /
sought, clothes have been worn that
had been cast aside, the household and
table furniture have had no additions,
the expenses of the table were trimmed
down, less of luxuries presented, and
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-08-10

Now THAT we are celebrating Cen
tennial anniversaries Of some OF the
churches, it is refreshing to hear others
which have passed their second CEN
tllry. The Reformed Church at Flat
lands, few miles out of Brooklyn, has
Just celebrated its two hundred and
twenty-second anniversary. The rec
ords of this church since 1910 have
been carefully preserved, including
some specimens of. the Indian wam-
pun which the boys Of that day used
to put into the collection box. At the
anniversary services the old commun-
ion table was exhibited, which is over
200 wears old. Also the straight
backed chair in which the dominic )
wife sat, and the bench which the
dominic himself occupied, behind the
pulpit. The building now occupied by
this church was erected in 1913, and IS
much more commOdiouS and church
" structure than the one erected by
permission of Coy. Stuyvesant i'll 1858.
The Flatlanders are steady-going peo-
pie, who own valuable farms, stick to
the WAYS of their fOrefathers, and re-
sist innovations. Theirpresent pastor
| is the Rev, Arson Dubois.