davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

Narrow.gau roads possess marked advan-
tages over wide-gauge roads 10 carrying
freight. The percentage Of dead weight to
ton Of freight is much less hence narrow
gauge roads can compete sharply with the
wide-gauge in carrying freight.
Narrow.gauge roads are becoming very
common 10 the West and are particularly
adapted to roads to be built through billy
country, like the proposed route through
Vermont. A company have made proposals
to the Green Mountain narrow-gauge
railroad company to furnish the remainder
Of the capital il they will raise $4,000 per
mile, which can easily be done If the towns
along the route will bond eight times their
grand list. Should Waits6eld, Hancock and
some other towns along the route fail to
bond, the road will either rtop at its conuec-
ton with the Rutland road or change from
the direct route at Stockbridge and run down
White River TO Bethel. The people Of
Bethel and Stockbridgs favor that route and
will not only bond their town for the road
but will raise considerable money by sub.
scripton to aid in building the road, and
that route once built the road from Stock.
bridge to Middlesex will be abandoned The
people Of Stowe and Waterbury are already
moving in the matter of road to Stowe
With proper cxertion on the part Of thu
friends Of the proposed road, it can be bull
within two or three years from this time
The friends Of the narrow.gauge roads arr
very active everywhere, AZ all the narrow
gauge roads now in operation are psyinl
good dividends. An account Of severn
proposed narrow.gauge roads to be bull
leading out from Boston is given in tn
Boston Journal Of February 81.
PRo0REss.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

England as related by Macauley. The old
silver cOin Of Euglaud, used in the thirteenth
century, was very rude. IL was shaped and
stamped by the hammer; was not uniform
in weight or size, and was in such condition
that the temptation for "clpping" was very
great. Hence each dishonest holder pared
of his penny worth and passed it along.
This habit bscamo 50 general, aud the couse.
quenCes to the nation so alarming, that the
queen made the crime Of clipping coin equal
to high treason, and subject to tho same pen.
atty. But it was found impossible to exc
cute this law, and hence new process Of
coinage was decided upon. A mill worked
by horses manufactured new coins, which
we're Of much better pattern. They were
round and Of equal weight, and were ex-
pected to take the place of the old mutiated
coin, and restore the credit Of tho nation.
They we're thrown out into the circulation,
but the old coin was regarded Of equal value
with the new. The result was the mutilated
currency continued to circulate as before,
but the good money rapidly disappeared.
1t was melted, exported aud boarded up by
spectators. AT length, the true remedy
for the existing evil was discovered. All
coins which did not reach the required
weight we're refused by the merchants, and
the government was compelled to receive all
the silver Of the kingdom. A day was fixed
after which no clipped money would pass ex-
cept 10 payment to the government, and an.
other day after which it would not pass al
all. by these means uniform currency
was restored to the nation, and the evil was
removed.
And we ell remember how at the opening
Of the war, the gold aud silver was driven
from the circulation by deprecated paper
currency. How then can we expect supe
rior metallic currency will now be allowed tC
circulate side by side with an inferior paper
currency? 1t will not, it caunot be done
And we fear serious evils will result from
the trial, it it is made by our government
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25
ResumptlOn that vim mot Succeed.

We have information from Washington
that preparations are being made in the
treasury department to redeem, at least, one.
third of the fractional currency now in cir.
culation in the country. 1t is stated that
the silver already coined and deposited in
different localities amounts to $4,000. 900
This coin is to be paid out in redemption Of
an equal amount Of fractional currency
which Is to be destroyed by the government
as fast as received. The object of this move.
ment is said to be to hasten the resumption
of specie payment.
Now we fail to see the utility of this
movement. Either this silver coin which is
to be sent out to redeem the fractional paper
currency, is of equal value with the paper or
Of more value. fit is only of equal value
absolutely nothing can be gained by the
change, and it cannot be regarded as "a step
towards resumption" If of greater value
than paper, either now or any time in the
future, more serious results must follow. 1t
is fundamental law Of the finance of ma
lions that "bad money" will drive out "good
money" from the circulation. The govern
ment has no power to substitute silver coin
for paper currency, while any paper currency
is left in circulation, if that silver coin is Of
more value than the paper. Now suppose
one-half the fractional currency of the nation
has been redeemed for silver coin, and has
been destroyed. This silver, in consequence
of the rise Of gold in the market, we will
suppose is worth five per cent more than the
paper currency. The silver will at once dis.
appear, and the country is left with osly one
half its usual amount OF fractional paper
currency. What could be done in such a
ease2 This result is sure to follow the
introduction OF silver as a substitute for pa
per currency, unless something can be done
to secure uniform value TO gold aud to
make paper dollar equal to gold dollar.
But we cannot hope for this at present, or,
We fear, for long time to come. 1t does
not seem possible that the government is La
BILE to make such a mistake as this step
would imply.
Let us examine further the principle in.
VolVed in this case. Both specie and paper
currency are to be put into circulation, as
we understand it, The specie is, or is liable
to become, Of more value than the paper las
gold Auctuates in the market) One Of
these kinds Of money passes as readily as the
other in the purchase of goods, aud in the
payment of debts or taxes OF course every
man of sense would use the inferior money,
and retain the superior. And what would
become of the better money! 1t would be
thrown into the crusible or employed as an
article of foreign trade. All experience and
observation confirm the facts here stated
We have an example in the history Of
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25
For the VERMONT FARMER.
A Rustic Vacation.

The soil Of Florida is known as swamp,
low and high hammock and pine lands. The
soil Of the swamp land is of great depth,
composed of decayed vegetable matter, and
is the most productive land in Florida. 1t
has been proved by actual trial that these
lands will yield from three to four hogsheads
Of sugar per acre for many years without
fertilizing, and sugar cane is one of the most
exhausting crops grown There are over
one million acres of this land in Florida, that
Gan be purchased from dollar and a quarter
10 two dollars an acre. Before this land is
fit for cultivation, it is necessary to drain it,
which is rather expensive.
Low hammOcks are next in order. | am
able to distinguish only little difference be-
tween swamp aud low hammocks. The ham
nocks are not as wet, nor is tho humus a.
ieeP, and it will not bear cropping without
iertiIizing as we'll as swamp land. Most OF
The low hammock lands require dtching be-.
fore they can be successfully cultivated,
Swamp and hammock lands are the home OF
the wild or sour orange. High or shell ham
mock lands are the best adapted to agricul-
iural purposes. 1t costs more to clear this
land than any other in the state. 1t is GOV.
cred with heavy growth of hickory, mag.
sofia and live oak. When once cleared it
costs but little to keep the land free from
grasses aud weeds. The land is easily worked
aud returns large results. There are thou
sands OF acres of this land in Florida that can
be bought at four to ten dollars per acre.
High hamnOCks are better adapted to the
cultivation of oranges than low hammock and
swamp lands. Oranges grown on low and
swampy land are not as large, and will not
bear shipping as well as those grown on
higher land.
BY far the larger portion of the land in
Florida is known as spine land" another
term for sandy land. This land is divided
into three divisions. The FIRST consists of a
thin layer Of decomposed vegetable matter
with a stratum of sand aud substratum of
mari and clay. This land is very productive
and will yield large crops for several years
without fertilizing. There are large tracts
of this land in the northern part of Florida
aud bordering the gulf, that can be purchased
low. The second division is not as productive
as the first, and usually these lands are high
and undulating and covered with growth
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

cows in the lot, just ready to drop her calf
will weigh over sixteen hundred pounds.
They are very handsome cattle marked black
and white At the head Of the stable stood
bull four years old that weighs over two
thousands pounds, that for beauty will com.
pare favorably with any Devon or Shorthoru
bull in New England. Next TO him stood
very 6ue bull two years old.
We visited the young stock 10 the base
ment, aud found some very excellent year
liDg's and calves Of all ages. A bull calf
SIX months Old that will weigh over seven
hundred pounds stood at the head. We
next examined several heifers, thOroughbreds,
yearlings and calves, which would sell readily
to stock men for more than thousand dol.
lars per head and the grades sell readily for
from City to seventy-dve dollars head. The
feed for the cows consists Of two quarts Of
corn meal and wheat bran, equal parts, fed
in the morning and early cut English hay.
At noon one peck Of Swedish turnips cut
with root cutter At night the same feed
as iu the morning, except the first feed at
half past four o'clock is hay aud the second
feeding at six o'clock corn stalks or straw.
MIR Warwick informed us that he always wa.
tered his stock twice day with exact regu.
larity and never allowed them to remain out
of doors in the cold for any length Of time.
Occasionally of pleasant day they are al
lowed to sun themselves for an hour.
A visit to the hog pen showed the same
enterprise apparent as at the barn, where
we found a goodly number Of Chester White
hogs Of all sizes from the pig OF four weeks
old to the mother of several generations.
At the hen house ducks. Brahma and
Partridge Cochin Chinas, pea fowl, white
turkeys aud white Guinea fowls. We were
unable to visit the fish ponds, two Of which
are well filled with trout and the third with
gold fish. ...
Mr. Houghton has about fifteen acres Of
young apple and pear trees just commencing
to bear, also ounces, plums, etc, etc. He
has spent some five or six thousand dollars
in draining bis farm, and has it under high
state Of cultivation.
Mr. Warwick has the entire control and
supervision of the farm and stock and has a
thorough knowledge of the most approved
methods of farming 10 England and America,
and has an established reputation as cattle
farrier, having made the study of that pro-
iessiou speciality while in England. He
greatly excels in the culture Of turnips. He
imports annually his seed from England, and
raises Sutton's Champion Swede turnip. The
specimens we examined in the cellar, where he
has large quantity, were the best We ever
saw. Altogether the HoughtOn farm is q
model aud the proprietor has model farmer
upon it. .a DEBo.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25
Brtghtom CnrfIe MARKET.

At market for the current week--Cattle 1873 sheep
and lambs 1906 swine $500, number Of western cattle
1893 eastern mich and northern cattle l25.
Prices of beef cattle 100 lbs, live weight-Extra
quality S6.l2iG63iA first quality f5T5U6O0, second
quality S5.O0d5,624 third quality S4.0ODi75 poor
est grades Of coarse oxen, bulls, &c, 50 2503.75.
Brighton hides 40 b; Brighton tallow etc v n.
Country hides 5ia7c ID country talloW 81 D6c y %.
Ifsklns l29l4c v b sheep skins 81 250l75, lamb
skins 81 .25Dl.75 each.
The supply Of cattle market has net been large
as that OF one week ago the quality Of Western cattle
was better aud prices have advanced from eighth
20 one-tourth OF cent Trade quicker aud many
large lots disposed OF on Tuesday. Few Northern cat
tie In. Some Of the best lots sold at OF a CSC v H.
better demand for best grades than for those Of n
rlor quality,
Working 0xen-NOt much call for them and but
few pairs in market, mostly from Maine
Mich CoWs-ExtTa $55aD95 ordinary t25AoJ0 store
cows SiSDi5 v head. Most Of the cows offered In
ket are of common grade Good COWS sell we'll At
fair prices.
Store Cattle--Yearngs $ll Rl5, two-year,Olds 500
threeyear-ods S25045. Prices tor small cattle de-
pend much upon their value for beef
sheep aud Lamhs-RrOm the West there was q FAR
supply, all owned by butchers, and cost landed at
Brighton FROM 81 TO Sc v ID. From the North the
supply dull, at prices ranging from ~ "a 7Ic Y b.
Swne-No store pigs 10 market tbs supply. Of tat
hogs was light, and prices from IL 10 y NJ higher.
Fat hogs $500 In market; prices " "a go v N.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25
W'aterto,em CattIe .Markel.

Cattls-Ths supply Of Northern country cattle the
past wees or two has dWindled down 10 ts usual ca
pacty, and butchers are now dependent upon the
West for their requirements. few pairs OF Northern
were sold at various prices according " quality. We
can for change quote prices where they stood last
week. bunch Of handsome river cattle were this
morning sold % prladls, one pair Of which were
would not average more than 9io ID, ". The best
pair OF working steers three years DID, coming four
weighing 2s5O MS, at $50 Taylor sold oxen, 70
dress le5O rs each, at 30 ID, dH springer At So
kimball sold II oxen from a 80 D, v. Al
Adams sold oxen, 10 dress ll75 MS At $40 b,
sheep-Prioes stipulated this week On sheep are
where they have remained for number Of weeks past
All We can say Is that the market full As hTn a. the
Western supply several double deck less than
last week. fhe oAll for Northern dock was shade
quicker, Taylor sold IS sheep, average 70 Ms AZ
Lyman sold 80 sheep 350O ms weight AZ etc. Robin
sou sOld rs sheep, average 70 bs, At 60.
POultry-soYeral nice little packages " live fowl
were marketed At lSe for nixsd lots.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

Cushman's strong intellect and character were
matched with a majestic presence, aud a desp
contralto voice, full Of power aud melody.
There was something almost masculine in
her strength, and yet that covered genuine
wcmanly tenderness Of nature that her
friends knew, and that extended to the dumb
creatures she owned in an even pathetic IN.
tercst and concern. She has been slowly
dying FOR some years OF an internal cancer,
but acted aud gave readings with unAinching
courage as long as she was able to stand
upon the stage.
The coal combination has agreed upon a
schedule of rates for the coming season which
start about 20 cents per ton lower than they
did last year, or, Tor March, lump s440,
steamer 4,50, CRATE AGO, egg 40, stove
5 80, chestnut 4.50 per ton. Season con.
tracts made before April |, with consumers
only, will be mace for lump, steamer, broken
aud chestnut COILS at tho following rates |:
March and April, lump, 1920, steamer 4.30,
broken 4.40, chestnut 4.30, and rising for
the rest OF the year at the rate of five cents
each month after April The combination
also decides to bring only as much coal to
market as will be required by consumers,
each company to deliver its agreed percentage
OF the total tonnage and no more.
NEW HAMPSHIRE. -
The creditors Of the Sturtevant manufact.
uring company OF Lebanon number $50
which is the largest list of creditors Of a
bankrupt ever published in New Hampshire
with Que exception. The liabilities are over
100000. ...
One of Mrs A. ID. T. Whituey's favoritt
writing places, is in one of the barns on hcl
summer home in Alstead, where she maket
a nest for herself in the fragrant hay.mow
1t is stated upon good authority that
Lisbon raises 100000 bushels of potatoes
yearly, and uses the most of them 10 tn,
family aud in making starch.
Z. l. Putnry, Esq, of Newport has re
Gently killed five hogs aud eight pigs, al
raised and fatted by himself The Eve hog
weighed $500 lbs, and the total weight q
the whole was $3.50 pounds which sold TO
$54477.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

FIOur.--The sales have heen at 81 % "a 4 so for
Western superine s. % us 2j for extras S. Is
40 OO for Wisconsin extras IS so a. 10 for Minnesota
extras, Including choice bakers' winter wheat Ohio
Indiana aud Michigan at So 10 90 Illinois at S. rs a
q and St Loui; at So 80 a Dbl, including choice
family brands. Fancy Minnesota brands In demand
81 10 a %. Southern flour is dull prices ranging
from s. ooD 9 v Dbl, including common extras and
Corn Meal has been IN moderate demand, with sales
at SO 10 "a Is Dbl for fresh ground and kiln dried
Rye Hour has been selling In small lots at 81 1906 rs
Dat Meal sales at 50 d @ 80 aud fow favOrts
Buck wheat ranges rem 81 so 10 60 v 100 u.s.
Gratn.-The sales Of new mixed and yellow co IN
have been ut s. "a &c bush and old Is and
In Oats the sales of mixed and No white have beOn
at 10 "a sic rejected at 43 a IL, aud white No at So
10 $40 v bushel Tho latter quite scarce
In Rye the sales ave been small at CSC ID 81 y BUSH
Shorts declined to $40 % $40 So
Fine Feed $a a 81 So and Middllngs at 2a122 soy
In Barley no change prices range from sOe o 81 30
v bushel for States aud Canada West
Hay.-The demand Is moderate with sales OF coarse
st $50 a. 81 toni and fine and moderate grades at
Rye straw $40 % q p ton ..
ProvIsiOns.-The sales Of Pork have been SIS 00D
Is 80 for prime $1a0O0 % go Tor mess and $ll6& %
Beef IS firm aud in fair demand. Sales of mess at 81
a. u 90 for mess extra mess and family extra ut
Lard the same with sales Of Western and city
at Si9iieB b, incgding steam and kettle rendered
Smoked Hams are selling at 1874 dD lac " b.
Dressed Ito IS range FROM .Ol "a IOic for Western and
PrOduee.-The sales have been at % "a 31e for
choice New York and Vermont daIres; selected lots
at an advance on the latter and 20 aD 800 ID
for common to good Western outer ranges from ls %
In Cheese the sales have been at 10 "a l4c v ID as
Eggs are armor and have been selling at l6 ID 2Oc
VI dozen.
White beans are plenty and the market Is dull. The
sales OF mediums have been at 81 25 a 30 for choice
and good. Pea beas at 81 90 a G5 and Yellow eyes
N. =
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25
Net0 York, February 10, 1875.
For tho VERMONT FARMER.
A Trip to the Farm of Charles Houghton
Esq of Putney.

We have often heard Of the celebrated
herd of Holstein cattle upon the Houghton
farm at Putney, and during late trip to
Windham county we resolved to visit the
larm aud examine the stock for ourselves.
We found George Warwick and his wife 10
charge Of the farm, They came from Eng
land about six years ago where ne received a
practical education upon a model farm at
Shurchburgh, Warwick county. His thor
oughly practical and scientific management
Of the farm more than ever convinced us OF
the necessity Of a model farm, an expert
mental station and school combined for far
mers sons in Vermont. The farm is situated
about two and one.half miles from Putney
depot, upon pleasant road, aud consists of
about three hundred acres of excellent land
properly divided into meadow, tillage, pasture
and timber land. Mr. Houghton now lives
in Boston, but was born upon the farm and
takes great pride in making it a model farm.
The buildings are in excellent condition, with
all the modern improvements The main
building of the barn is so feet long and 40
feet wide, with convenient sheds aud out
buildings attached, with cellars underneath.
la the barn we found thirty.one head Of
HOlstein cattle, mostly thOroughbreds, the
rest high grades. We examined the COWS
carefully--as herds of HOlstein cattle are
rarely fouud-and found them to be marked
as excellent mixers III all points in fact,
they will compete successfully with the Jer-
seys so much boosted of by the Jersey clubs
Of Now England, while they are much larger
and heater built. One of the thoroughbred
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

For the last two years the necessity of
economy has been preached from the pulpit,
the platform and the press, as mOAus of
relief from "hard times" 1t has besa
urged that the extravagance Of living and
dress and amusements engendered by the
war was the chief cause of all our financial
troubles. But now we have another version
Of the important question. This very econ.
omy we are told is the cause of our trouble.
"If eItravagancs had been the rule since the
panic began in 1873. there would have been
far more production Of goods of various kinds.
There is far less call for clothes and food
than there used to be, and great saving in
fuel, aud much econOmizing generally. A
man wears a coat three years instead Of
wearing three coats year, hence cloth
makers and coat-makers suffer, and where
such economy is practiCed by myriads Of
men, the change becomes appalling through
its effects. If you would have business re-
Vive and the times become good, you should
become extravagAnt and spend five dollars
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

NEWSPAPER BLANKETs.--A very cheap
blanket can be made by stitching two or
three thicknesses Of newspapers between a
couple Of sheets. Such blanket will be as
warm as a much thicker one, as paper is a
noncouductor. A large newspaper placed
between the folds of thin shawl will make
1t as warm as thick shawl or cloak. Pa.
per wrapped around the feet outside of the
stockings will add much to comfort on cold
day by retaining the natural heat. A paper
or two spread between the covers of bed
in an emergency will serve the purpose of an
additional blanket.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25

An exchange gives two reasons why the
West is comparatively SO prosperous at the
present time. First, excellent crops have
been gathered without exception, for several
years, and agriculture is more sure re.
lance than manufactures" Aud secondly,
vast sums of money have been loaned by the
East to the West; not thousands but millions
Of dollars have been invested by northeastern
towns and cities in western railroads. And
much the larger part of this capital is held
and employed without interest. This fact
gives the West the advantage over the East
but in the end matters will adjust them
selves.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-02-25
MA7KET9.
50. JOI'''sbIry Market.

81. JOhmsD Mry Market.
THURSDAY Feb "a.
Prices Paid by Dealers.
Butter, new, tubs or balls choice % "a 2sc y h.
Eggs, fresh. dozen, 200.
Beans, common white $500; hand picked $3.50.
Oats, $50 Y bu.
Maple Sugar, stirred, extra, lOlc v ID; tub, sic.
Potatoes, 40c y hu. ..'
Beef, dressed weight, 20 Sc v b.
Veal, hive weight, sc v 10.
Prices Asked by Dealers.
Dried Apples, sliced, l5c Y Ii strung, IA quartsred
IL "a i3c. N
Molasses, Y gallon, 75c. ..
Slrup, silver drip Sl0O.
Sugar. refined O. lc; extra G, lIci GRADUATED, &c.,
OaOns, 81 .25 v busheI. '''
Kerosene, 200 q gallon. .
Corn % V bu, old.
India Wheat, $50 v bu. .r-...
Meal, zoe v bushel, new.
Feed $40 y 100 lbs. .... ..... ..
Bran, 81 30 y 100 TBS.
Flour common, S. 30; good family 1875; best, 90,
Rye Meal unsfted, 30 v n.
Shorts SIS v ton. ID
Turks Island Salt so cents
Terce Lard, Ice.