The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-05-11
INDUSTRIAL, STATISTICAL AND
TECHNICAL.

BOOT and shoe manufacturing has been
carried on in Rochester, n. Y, for about
forty years, but has increased greatly for
ten years past, and now there are about
twenty-five firms whose aggregate product
is fully $500, 900 yearly.
BorANIsTs assert that Europe cannot
claim to have done everything for America
gratis, when the latter gave her the sun
flower, tobacco, potatoes. jalap, red pep
per, tomatoes, quinine, guano and corn,
not TO mention cotton, petroleum and
other things.
THE Mining Journal says that one of
the great objections raised against the
Channel Tunnel scheme is the length of
time it will take to execute; but, if we
are to believe the Liberte, this objection
has o disappeared. In fact, according
to that paper, the tunnel can be completed
in less than six months! 1t tells us that
a machine has Just been invented by
which fifty five meters of ground may be
pierced through per diem, and it calcu-
lates if both the English and the French
begin piercing at the same time the tun-
mel can be cut out in IA days.
THE statistical office of the German rail
way lines has published the returns of the
accidents which happened during the
year 1915 on all German railways except
the Bayarian lines. There were 755 run
nings-off the rails and collisions of trains
~, .J,a n,+s;J, and I D-e ,,,-n:.-, 81 H.
rails and collisions inside the stations, and
1850 accidents of divers natures by which
the regular service wasinterrupted. These
accidents have caused the loss of the lives
of 500 persons; 1,5f5 persons were hurt.
The proportion Of accidents to the num-
Der of passenger trains was one to 1894,
and 10 that of freight trains one to 1920.
SCIENTIFIC experimenters appear conf
dent Of the practicability and value Of the
expansion of liquids as a motor. 1t is
we'll known that with gases the expansion
is found 10 be equal to several hundred
times the liquid, but the elasticity of the
itself. the expansion is small, but the de-
velolHd forces enormous. IN London, oil
is expanded by heat, and Il slowly NOV
ing pressure OF ten thousand pounds TO
the square inch obtained without danger
of explosion. Printing presses and rivet-
ing and punching machines have already
been successfully run by this process.
Rapid steam pressure by gearing can be
converted into SLOW high presSurei and
now, to complement theadv, .sees of this
achievement, it is suggeatedthat invention
ought to transpose the operation and trans
form a slow high pressure into rapid mo-
ton and less force.
MR. 7. S. Hunt, Of Boston, has CON-
piled some statistics concerning the min
erai wealth of the country which are
really interesting. He divides the country
by a north aud south line at the eastern
base of the Rocky Mountains, upon the
Atlantic side Of which are coal, iron, cop
per, lead, salt and petroleum, and upon
the Pacific side the more precious miner
ais. The grand total of coal for 1873 he
finds to be about 80, OOO, 900 tons. In
1872, iron reached its highest figures Of
production, the total being 1850, O10 tons.
In 1874 the Lake Superior mines alone
turned out 1881 tons Of copper. The
product Of petroleum rose from 800, 600
barrels in 1853 to 1O,s67, $50 barrels in
1874. West of the Rocky Mountains the
official figures show that California, Ne
vada, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Colorado,
Oregon, Washington and New Mexico
yielded ofthc precious metals, S72, AS 05
in 1874, and in 1870 $50, 1856, 037.