davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
The Art Gallery.

The most imposing and ornate of all
the structures is memorial hall, built at
cost of 81 100000, by the state of
Pennsylvania and the city of Philadel-
phia. This is placed at the disposal of
the centennial commission, to be used
during the exhibition as an art gallery,
after which it is designed to make it the
receptacle of an industrial and art COLI
lection similar to the famous south Ken
singtOn museum, at London. It stands
on a line parallel with, and a short dis
lance nOrthward of, the main building,
and is in a commanding position, looking
southwark across the Schuylkill over
Philadelphia. It stands upon a terrace
one hundred and twenty-five feet above
the level of the Schuylkill. Being de-
signed for an absolutely fireprOOf struc-
tUre, nothing combustible has been used.
The design is modern Renaissance. 1t
covers an acre and a half, and is three
hundred and sixty-five feet long, two
hundred and ten feet wide, and fifty
nine feet high, over a spacious basement
twelve feet high. A dome, rising one
hundred feet above the ground, sur
mounts the center, capped by a colossal
ball, from which rises the figure of Co
lumbia. The main front of this build
NY HUNS SUBLIME uISp ny d man
entrance in the center consisting of three
enormous arched doorways pavilion on
each end, and two arcades connecting
the pavilions with the center. The en-
trance is seventy feet wide, TO which
there is a rise of thirteen steps. Each
of the huge dOorways is forty feet high
and fifteen feet wide, opening into a
hall. Between the arches of the door
ways are clusters of columns, terminating
in emBlematic designs illustrative of
science and art. The doors are of iron,
relieved by bronze panels, displaying the
coats of arms of all the states and ter
ritories. The United States coat of arms
is in the center of the main frieze. The
dome is of glass and iron, of unique de
sign. While Columbia rises at the top,
a colossal figure stands at each corner of
TIE base OF the dome, typifying the four
quarters of the globe.
In each pavilion there is a large win
dow, twelve and one-half feet by thirty
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25

New York, Connecticut; Massachusetts.
New Hampshire, Missouri, Kansas, Vir-
ginia, West Virginia, Nevada, Wiscon-
sin, Iowa and Delaware and it is likely
that Others will follow the example.
A number of trade and industrial as
sociatiOns, which require large amounts
of space, are provided for in special build.
ings. Among these are the photo
graphers, the carriage builders, the glass
makers, the cracker bakers, the boot and
shoe manufacturers, besides quite num-
Der of individual exhibitors The great
demand for space renders this course ne
cessary to a considerable extent, espec-
tally for exhibitors who have been tardv
in making their applications. In the
main exhibition building, for example,
three hundred and thirty-three thou
sand three hundred square feet of space
had been applied for by the beginning of
October by American exhibitors only +;
whereas, the aggregate space which it
has been possible to reserve for the
United States department is only one
hundred and sixty thousand square feet.
About one-third is consumed by passage
ways.
The machinery building, like the
oilers, is already fully covered by appli-
cations. There are about one thousand
American exhibitors in this department,
one hundred and fifty English, and one
hundred and fifty from other European
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25

with bedsteads and mattresses and pill
lows washstands, crockery, etc; tables,
chairs, and loOkiDg-glasses. Fuel and
gas or lamps supplied. Then the house
extensively advertised as to let by the
week, parties wishing to engage the house
have a list sent them of the weeks free
that SO far they may choose their own
time. The parties to bring their own bed
and table linen and towels, forks and
spoons and knives, and their own prOvl-
siOns as far as they choose. Their din
ners they can get in the grounds. In
short, to live rs people do In some OF our
seashOre places, where a party of twenty
will take a house for a week or fortnight,
living in a picnic fashion, and at very
small expense.
81 suppose such a house could be
rented for twenty dollars a week, that
for six months would be five hundred
and twenty dollars. Devide the twenty
dollars among eight people, the smallest
number ] should propose for party, and
that Is only two dollars and half week
for lodging, and larger party, of course,
diminishes the expense. Fuel and lights
should be charged as a party uses them.
1t would need some responsible person to
certify that the house was respectable
and fairly comfortable, and to see that
between the different parties 1t was put
in neat and decent order. And 1t should
be advertised in papers with good
country circulation"
a plan very similar to that suggested
above could be arranged with most salts
factory results.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
The AerfcnItnraI RniIdinC

stands north of the horticultural building,
being separated from It by a romantic
ravine, and has commanding view OF
the Schuylkill river and the northwestern
suburbs of Philadelphia beyond. This
building illustrates a novel combination
of materials, mainly wood and glass, and
consists of a long nave crossed by three
transepts, each being composed OF truss
arches of Gothic form. The nave Is eight
hundred and twenty feet long by one
hundred and twenty-five feet in width,
with a height of seventv-five feet from
the floor to the point of the arch, the cen
trail transept one hundred feet wide and
seventy-five feet high, and the two end
TRANSCRIPTS eighty feet wide and seventy
feet high. Its interior appearance re-
sembles that of a great cathedral, and in
looking from transePt to transept, the
vista is extremely imposing. A portion
of this building is supplied with steam
power for the use of agricultural machin-
cry. The four courts inclOsed by the
nave and transepts, and also the four
spaces at the corners of the building,
having the nave and end transepts for
two of their sides, are rooted. and form
valuable space for exhibits. The ground
plan of the building is ParallelOgram five
hundred and forty feet by eight hundred
and twenty feet, covering about ten and
one-quarter acres. Sixteen foreign ma
tions have space in this building, and in
the one hundred and forty-seven thou
sands five hundred and seventy-twO
square feet which remain, more than one
thousand American exhibitors are &C
This necessitates special
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25

long. Their aggregate weight Is two mil
lions two hundred thousand pounds. The
roof trusses and girders weigh FIVE mil
lions of pounds. The sides of the build
ing, to seven feet above the ground, are
finished with brickwOrk in panels be-
tween the columns. Above this there
are glazed sashes. The roof covering is
of tin, that being the best roofing known
in this climate to resist leakage. The
flooring is of plank, upon stills resting
upon the ground, with no open space be-
meath. Turrets surmount the building
at all the corners and angles, and the ma
tiOnal standard, with appropriate en-
blems, is placed over each of the main
entrances. There are numerous side en-
frances, each being sUrmounted with
trophy, showing the national colors of
the country occupying that portion of the
building. In the vestibules variegated
brick and tile are introduced. Louvre
ventilatOrs surmOunt all the avenues,
and sky-lights the central aisles. Light,
of which there is ample supply, comes
from the north and south sides almost
entirely. There underlie the building
two miles of drainage pipe, the water
supply and drainage system being COM
plete. Offices for the foreign commits
siOns are placed along the sides of the
building, in close proximity to the pro-
ducts exhibited. Offices for the admin
istration are at the ENDS. The design of
the building is such that all exhibitors
will have an equally fair opportunity of
exhibiting their goods to advantage.
There is comparatively little choice of
location, as the light is uniformly dis
tributed, and each of the spaces devoted
to products is located upon one of the
main thOroughfares.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
~~1ns>>*% AGMGyITWRAL BUILDING.

roof for one hundred and eighty-four feet
square at the center has been raised above
the surrounding portion, and four towers
tOrty-eight feet square, rising to one hun
dred and twenty feet high, are intro
duced into the corners of this elevated
roof This gives ventilation as well as
ornament. The main building has nine
hundred and thirty-six thousand and
eight square feet of surface, or nearly
twenty-One and half acres. It's ground
plan shows a central avenue one hundred
and twenty feet in width, and one thou
sand eight hundred and thirtv-two feet
in length, which is the longest avenue of
that width ever introduced into an exhi-
bitiOn building. On either side of this
is another avenue of equal length, and
enc hundred feet wide. Between the
central and side avenues are aisles forty
eight feet wide, and on the outer sides of
the building smaller aisles of twenty-four
feet width. To break the great length
of the rOOt-lines three transepts have
been introduced, of the same widths and
in the same relative positions to each
other as the longitudinal avenues. These
cross the building, and are four hundred
and sixteen feet in length. The inter
sections of these various avenues make
at the center of the building nine spaces,
free from supports, which are from one
hundred to one hundred and twenty feet
square, and which aggregate four hun
dred and sixteen feet square. The gen
eral elevation of the roofs of all these
avenues varies from forty-fve feet to
seventy feet.
The building rests upon the ground,
the land having been thoroughly graded
and prepared. The foundations consist
of piers of masonry, the superstructure
being composed of wrought iron columns
placed twenty-four feet apart, which sup
port wrought iron roof trusses. There
are six hundred and seventy-two of these
columns in the entire structure, the
shortest being twenty-three feet and the
longest one hundred and twenty-five feet
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
The CENTENNIAL.
The Great Anniversary Exhibition
in Philadelphia.
Views Of the Exhibition Build
ings and Full Descriptions
of the Various De-
partments.
Arrangements for the Centennial.

The act of congress which provides for
celebrating the one hundredth anniver-
sary of American independence, by hold
ing an international exhibition of arts.
manufactures, and products of the soil
and mine" authorized the creation of
the United States centennial commission,
and intrusted tO-it the management of
the exhibition. This body is composed of
two commissioners from each state and
territory, nominated by the respective
governors, and commissioned by tie
president Of the United States. The en-
terprise, therefore, is distinctly a nation
al one, and not, as has sometimes been
stated, the work of a private corpora
ton.
The exhibition will be opened on MAY
10th, 1876, and remain open until No
vember 10th. There will be a fixed
price of fifty cents for admission to all
the buildings and grounds
The centennial grounds are situated on
the western bank of the Schuylkill river,
and within Paramount Park, the largest
public park in proximity to a great city
in the world, and one of the most beau
tiful in the country. The park contains
three thousand one hundred and sixty
acres, four hundred and fifty of which
have been enclosed for the exhibition.
Besides this tract, there are large yards
near by for the exhibition of stock, and
farm Of forty-twO acres is already suit
ably planted for the tests of plows,
mowers, reapers, and other agricultural
machinery
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25

in the United States. From the gal
leries dOOrways open into two smaller
galleries, eighty-nine feet long and
twenty-eight feet wide. These open
north and south into private apartments
connecting with the paviliOn-rOOms, and
forming two side galleries two hundred
and ten feet long. Along the whole
length of the north side of the main
galleries and central hall extends a cor
ridOr fourteen feet high, opening on its
north line into a series of private rooms
twenty-thTee in number designed for
studies and smaller exhibition rooms
All the galleries and the central hall are
lighted from above; the pavilion and
studios from the sides. The paviliOns
and central hall are designed especially
for the exhibition of sculpture. This
fine building gives seventy-five thousand
square feet of wall space for paintings,
and twenty thousand square feet of floor
space for statues, etc. The skyights
throughout are double, the upper being
of clear glass and the under of ground
glass.
Great as is the space afforded in the
memorial hall, the applications from
American and foreign artists have proved
so greatly in excess of its capacity as to
require the erection of Il much more
spacious building. This, only of brick,
harmOnizes INTELLECTUALLY with the me-
mortal hall, and it is to he permanent.
1t stands just in the rear of the original
art gallery and communicates with it.
1t affords sixty thousand square feet OF
wall space available for paintings, and
contains twenty-fOur galleries, each forty
feet square, besides two gallerie., each
one hundred feet long by forty feet wide,
and two transverse central corridors,
twenty feet wide.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25

thousands Of highly educated and intel
ligent persons who will desire to give
themselves the pleasure of a visit to the
exhibition. This pleasure they can give
themselves if they are inclined to bestOw
a little care and thought upon the prop
or ARRANGEMENTS Tor visit. We subJoln
extracts from a private letter written by
the wife Of one Of the Harvard college
professors, In order that friends further
away NAV take from it such hints as will
be of service to them in arranging visit
during the summer.
The letter begins by speaking Of the
3 money outlay" contingent upon a Wis
it to Philadelphia, and then goes on to
say: eff they could 90 somewhat in the
way people go in summer to the seashOre,
on a sort of camping out principle, they
could form parties and share expenses,
and so be able TO e, when a regular
boarding house or lodgings would seem
too expensive to be thought Of. The plan
proposed was 10 take a house IN some
town or country village on some railroad
near enough for the fares to be cheap. A
small, plain house, say paTlOT, dining
room. and kitchen on the grOuud floor,
and perhaps one more room a. l-r'i Guam
ber-iour bedrooms above. Furnished
very simply with table, chairs, and cook
ing stove, 4l.. d, NV cooking utensils ::
teakeJtlc, spider. kettle, dishpan, etc. a
little very plain crockery. The bedrooms
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
A Hundred Years Ago.

A story is told Of family living in
colonial times, whose extravagant habits
excited the alarm of the village. Z" For
the eldest son got a pair of boots, the
second an overcoat, the third a watch,
and the fourth a pair of shoe buckles &;
and the neighbOrs all shook their heads
and whispered to each other: That
famiIvison the high road to insolvency
Legislation in New England tried to
restrain extravaganza in dress, and laws
were passed against wearing laces, en-
broidery, needle-wOrk caps and i'm
moderate great sleeves" A century
later we find people making much the
same complaints, and quoting "gOod old
colony times"
The shoes were of the same material "a
the dress, often skillfully embroidered.
Country girls sometimes carried the
broadcloth shoes with peaked toes in
their hands till they got to church; but
the pink satin and yellow brocade shoes
of city maidens were supported on clogs
and pattens. Mrs. John Adams asked
her husband to send her from Philadel-
phia III 1775, "two yards Of black Gala
nance for shoes" saying she could not
wear leather if she went barefoot,
By way of silently TeprOving the vanity
of their wives and daughters, the sterner
sex appeared in immense powdered wigs,
stifly starched rufles, glitterIng knee
and shoe buckles. embroidered SIX vests,
white silk stockings, and coats OF every
hue but black, Trimmed with great gilt
or silver buttons. With these elaborate
wardrobes of the men 10 keep in order,
what wonder the women had no time To
cultivate their "sduirfels' brains ?" 30
quote one of the gallant croakers Of the
time.
After all, we fancy the most ardent
lovers of the past would hardly be in
favor of the early days OF the republic
With the mahogany sideboard rescued
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
Independence Hall.

The hall of the independence, on Chest
nut street, between Fifth and Sixth, was
commenced in 1929, and completed in
1874, having been designed for the use Of
. the provincial assemblies; and the long
hall formerly in the upper story was
often used for grand official banquets
given to governors, distinguished
stranger and generals, and to the mem
bers of the first congress when they ar
rived in IVA 1t was originally de
corated with a stately steeple, which was
taken down in IVA on account of decay +;
only a small belfry was left to cover the
bell until the year 1923, when the pres
ent steeple was erected as nearly ike the
ancient one as circumstances would per
NIT. The ancient bell, formerly used for
| the clock, is remarkable for It's prophetic
inscription. Originally imported from
| England in 1852, but cracked in its first
ringing, it was recast in Philadelphia,
and the inscription" Proclaim liberty
| throughout the land, and to all the poe
pie thereof"-was placed upon it. This
! was more than twenty years before the
! independence of the colonies was dreamed
of; vet, when the declaration was signed,
| this very bell was the first, by its merry
peal to proclaim liberty throughout
the land" 1t now occupies a place IN
| the south vetisbule of the building. The
| Declaration of Independence was signed
| in the chamber on the left of the prin-
| cipal entrance. Some years since the
antique architectural decorations and
| furniture of this room were re-
moved, and their places supplied
with new furniture and tapestry
| in modern style. This error has
since been repaired, as far as possible, by
restoring the hall to its ancient appear
ance. The portraits of nearly every one
of the signers now adorn the walls. Open
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
Economic Visiting.

A Boston woman writing to a friend
says, "there is a large class of highly
educated persons in New England and
New York who would most thoroughly
enjoy and appreciate the centennial ex-
hibition if some arrangement" like that
which she suggests could be made. The
plan is, without doubt, perfectly prac-
ticable, and might be taken up
and crystalized by parties OF ladies
Cor gentlemen in other sections of the
country TO their advantage. While the
charges for board and lodging in Phild-
delphia and vicinity during the progress
Of the centennial exhibition will not be
so exorbitant as some papers insist, there
is still an opportunity for persons of
moderate means who may desire to visit
the centennial, see everything worth the
seeing and enjoy themselves accordingly,
and that without the outlay of an ex-
travagant amount of money. Not only
in New England and New York, but
throughout the entire country, there are
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
Machinery Building,

This structure is located about five
hundred and fifty feet west of the main
exhibition building, and as its north front
stands upon the same line, it is practi-
cally a continuation of that edifce. the
two presenting a frontage of three thou
sand eight hundred and twenty-four feet
from their eastern to their western
ends, upon the principal avenue within
the grounds. This building consits of a
main hall, one thousand four hundred
and two feet long and three hundred and
sixty feet wide, with an annex on the
southern side two hundred and eight
feet by two hundred and ten feet. The
entire area covered is five hundred and
ffty-eight thousand four hundred and
forty square feet, or nearly thirteen
acres, and the floor space afforded is
about fourteen acres. The chief portion
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25
A Tender Request.

He had gone up to her house with her
from a shopping excursion the other
afternoon. While he was there such a
food Of tenderness came over him that
ne imFulsively dropped on his knees be-
fore her, and giving her glance that
spoke volumes, huskily said. 81 can no
longer keep my feelings back, love
you. Oh, will you, Oh, will you be
-" -Shadl Ten centsl !" rang
out the clarion voice of street vender
before the house. She made a clutch
for her handkerchief to cover her emo
ton, but she was too late. The iudi-
crousness Of the combined sentiments
was too much for her intellect, and she
melted into a prolonged giggle. Tier
face flushed scarlet, and for an instant
he was too profoundly impressed to
realize his position. Then lac shot upon
his feet, and with howl of rage de
parted. Really, ought ms
iigeut and more discrimi
be employed on fish waS
NetCs.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1876-05-25

of the building is one story in height,
the main cOrnice upon the outside being
forty feet from the ground, and the in
terror height to the top of the ventilatOTs
in the avenues seventy feet, and in the
aisles forty feet. To break the long lines
of the exterior, projections have been in
PRODUCED upon the four sides, and the
main entrances are furnished with
racades extending to seventy-eight feet
in height. The eastern entrance is the
principal approach from railways and
from the main exhibition building.
Along the southern side are placed the
boiler houses, and such other buildings
for special kinds of machinery as may be
required.
The plan of the machinery building
shows two main avenues ninety feet
wide, with a central aisle between and
an aisle on either side, these being sixty
feet in width. These avenues and. aisles
together have three hundred and sixty
feet width, and each of them is one thou
sand three hundred and sixty feet long
At the center of the building there is a
transept ninety feet in width, which at
the south end is prolonged beyond the
building. This extended transept, be-
ginning at thirty feet from the building
feet, is 1anked on either side by aisles
sixty-feet wide, and forms an annex for
hydraulic machines. The promenades
are: In the avenue fifteen teet wide, in
the aisles ten feet, and in the transept
twenty-five feet. The walks extending
across the building are all ten feet wide,
and lead at either end to exit doors.
The foundations of this building are piers
of masonry, the sUperstructure consist
ing of solid timber columns supporting
roof trusses, constructed of straight
wooden principal beams and wrought
iron ties and struts. The columns are
placed in longitudinal lines, and in
these rows stand sixteen feet apart.
The columns are forty feet high, and
support. respectively the ninety-feet
rOOf-spans over the avenues at a height
of forty feet. and the sixty feet roof
spans over the aisles at a height of
twenty feet. The outer walls are built
of masonry to a height of five feet, and
above that are composed of glazed sash
between the columns. Portions of these
sashes are movable for ventilation, and
Louvre ventilatOrs are introduced in
continuous lengths over both the ave-
nues and the aisIes. The building is en-
tirely lighted by side light from the