The Morning herald., 1876-06-06

Empi and " First RamberlaE eppotnt-
ing N 1ick/ lsha to tn kTreasurI Depart
ment, ~ reducing tn civil et from
70 ,O0d Ypiastres to II, 10000 arom
ised to establish perfect equality among
all his subjects without distinction of creed,
and reign or order throughout his domin-
ions, and rigid economy in the finances. He
then visited all the public establishments,
made himself familiar with all their details,
and removed from the depart tments Of JUS
tice and the administrative bureaus all per-
sons tainted with corruption. He also cur
tailed the expenses of his court, declaring
chat he should theDceforth content himself
with one wife He dismissed the ladies of
the seragho, retaining only such as were
mothers of Princes. Contrary to the ira
ditional custom of the Sultans, of condemn
isg ncphews to seeiusiou, he retained about
him the children of his brother, appointing
Mehemet Mourad (the present Sultan)
Pasha, and sending the younger ones to the
military school Of Constantinople. tie pre-
sented to them his son, Youssouf Ezedin,
then four years of age, whom he had reared
in seclusion with the tacit consent OF the
Sultan. but contrary to the usage that for
bids the rearing of male children born TO
the heir-apparent before his accession to the
Crown. The distinguishing feature OF the
reign Of Abdul Aziz was The tendency to
establish in Turkey an approximation to
European civilization. With this end var!
Jus reforms in the tenure of property were
introduced, but the bodest innovation was
made in 1867, as the Sultan was about to
visit the Paris Exposition, when he granted
the privilege to Europeans to bold res'
estate In Turkey. During his visit to France
the tolerant views Of the Sultan were open
IL manifested through his chief almouer
who called upon the Papal nuncio and the
late Archbishop Darbey, of Paris. From
France the Sultan went to England, and ~
London was presented with the freedom OF
tho city. In 1868, Oh returning home,
he established Council OF State,
On which occasion he delivered
an address in favor of progress and the re-
generation of Turkey. He also manifested
| his desire to familiarize his country with
European ideas, by founding in the Galats
| suburb Of Constantlnople school modelled
on the French system, in which Mussulmans
! and Christians were educated In common by
| European teachers. He also established
an observatory in Constantinople. In 1869
the Supreme Court of the Empire, which
had been charged with the preparation of
|
work, in which modern ideas Of jurispru-
dence largely prevailed. These tendencies
toward reform of course provoked a hostile
feeling in the minds of the "old Turkish
Party" among whom rigidly orthodox
Mohsmmsdan views prevail, SO intimately
are the civil and religious Instructions OF
Turkey connected, and frequent conspira-
cies were the result. These and the fierce
reyolts of some of the Sclavonic population,
tended to disturb the reign of Abdul Aziz
and to retard the progress of Europeani
ztne the Empire. The Montenegrins after
a bloody contest were compelled,in 1869, by
the presence Of the successful Turkish Cen
eral, Omer Pasha, before the walls OF their
capital, to accept peace on his terms, The
Cretan and Candian insurrections followed
a few years later, and were only suppressed
after pretty severe strain on Turkish re-
sources. The important change in the law
of succession to the Vice-Regal throne OF
Egypt, from that of the Ottoman Empire,
to descent from father to son, was granted
bv Abdul Aziz, with the change in the title
Of the ruler of Khedive. This was attained
by the present ruling family in Egypt
through the payment of large indemnity
A fayorite scheme of the late Sultan was
the establishment Of the succession OF bis
son, Youssouf Ezedin to the throne, instead
of his nephew, the present Sultan Mourad
v. Tue attempts to modify the laws IN ac'
cordance with this plan caused more thar
one ministerial crisis, and ended uniformly
In failure. This, with the intestine troubles
of the empire, probably explains the forced
abdication of the late Sultan, and leavet
room for gloomy suspicion as to the mode
of his taking off," not wholly removed BY
the official announcement of suicide by tht
aid of pair of scissors.