The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-06-18

MODIFICATION OF THE BURLINoAME TREATY
IMPERArIvELy NECESSARY.
Mr.. Philip A. Roach. OF the three Commissioners
appointed by the Mayor and Board OF Supervisors OF
the city Of San Francisco TO act Of Legis
lature to investigate tho Chinese question: Is at pres
cnt IN thus city He had long conversation with
a HERALD reporter yesterday and gave him detailed
statement OF his views the matter and history
OF the Introduction and continuance OF cooe labor in
the Pacific States, well OF the means present
being taken BY the people Of California stay the In
crease OF Chinese immigration MI Roach's statement
is as iollows;-
have been in San Francisco since 1s49: served
In the California Senate ols52 1858 and in the
Of 1873, 1874 1875 AMI 1876, OF the editors
and propretors of the San Francisco Examiner.
The Chinese immigration commenced in ls49 when
the Chinese kept restaurants and laundries In 1852
strong party was favor Of bringing them to Cali
fornia under contracts to perform labor for certain
number Of years. bill passed the Assembly to
that idea into execution, but was
DEFEATED SENATE
making the minority report against it. The high
prices charged Tor passage across the lshmus Of
Panama in early times and the sickness prevailing at
several periods that route also the difficulty and
delay of reaching California overland retarded white
immigration.
Vessels
each brought considerable number OF Cinnamon,
whom the people, from the absence of whito labor,
were compelled to employ. They were soon found in
every portion of the State many OF them forming
panies and engaging in placer mining. As long the
mines yielded per diem which satisfied their wants
they interlcred but little with mechanical pursuits
But within the last twelve years therc has been
marked change iI the variety OF thor pursuits The
magnificent donations granted by Congress to the rail-
ways caused competition between the lines TO con-
their respective fast as possible Tho
Union Pacific employed white labor the Central Pacific
Monaghan labor which latter course greatly stimulated
immigration
The donation Of the public domain was sufficient to
have employed whito labor the Central Pacific
route but that OF the Chinese could DO obtained
much lower, tho Central employed it, and actually had
cheaper labor than its rival After the road
plc.ed the laborers sought employment in towns and
cities, and the intelligence transmitted to China that
there was steady employment for thousands OF their
eountrymen induced still moro TO come.
ACTION CAPITALISTS
At this tmo many capitalists thought that Chinese
labor from its low price, compared with that OF white
labor might be utilized in manufacturing Industries
They employed in woollen mills rope walks
aud shoe making, candle making in manufacturing
clothing, cigar making, and. from their docility and
patience proved such apt scholars that their employers
could gradually diminish the number Of their white
workmen. Large numbers OF Chinese capitalists
employ the same men who were taught by the white
capitalists. The former live more cheaply their
penses little exceeding that OF the coolies and they
have abundant capital As they act In companies and
can obtain money from China much cheaper than can
BE- Afforded by the banks OF San Francisco their
toners The Chinese merchants sell teas and sugars
in such large quantities to the general trade that
business OF the old American houses has rapidly dmin
isncd. The wealthy classes are now taking part in this
movement, aud, to quote tho words made Of at
the grand meeting in San Francisco, which are
expressive than polite, They are squeaing'
The Chinese also engaged largely the laundry bust
ness and operated The sewing machines Their labor
has been most preudicia 10 that Of the white female
population Many American women obtained good
wages in laundry work, cigar making making under
for men, women and children; trimming LADIES'
Shoes &c but now, on account OF the lower price ut
which the M0ngolians work, they have been driven
from their respective avocations American women
might obtain employment 1t similar wages that PAID
tho Chinese, but IN such they would have to
work in the shops, alongside tho coolies, dcgra-
daton to which no respectable white woman would
submit The chcapness Of Chinese labor Tor domestic
purposes has caused its introduction into families
There thousands Of Cinnamon employed domestics
doing the washing, ironing, cooking and chambcrwork
OF largo families. l regard TINS innovation very
dangerous one 1t is bringing race VIGOROUSLY i'm
moral contact with the juvenile element OF the fam
ily and although Catharine or Bridget may be more
expensive servants there are many moral reasons
why they should be employed in preference to the
Asatic. The knowlcdge spread abroad that household
vented the emigration Of white girls from tho Eastern
States This Is
that cannot DO computed In dollars and cents Large
numbers OF girls who mmigraed to California In car
icr years have become married are the heads OF re-
spectacle families, and MANY are wives OF husbands
who, because OF tho opportunities Of California, have
become immensely wealthy.
The great advantages Of California have not at
tractcd immigration TO its shores such
time thought probable Families composed Of girls
and boys come but in spare numbers.
There IL less employment IN California Tor juvenile
labor than In any other State In the Union parent
cannot obtain employment tor his boys and girls be-
tIo l1ttnns rsARk sho
that would support the former Tho consequence Is
the youthu classes in San Francisco compelled
and OF type Of youthful delinquency called, in CalIor
MIA parlance,
1t is alleged by the Eastern press that might cuSe
all the evils we complain OF by State laws city orb
uauces such Is not the case. The State has
influx OF females brought California pur-
poses. law on that subject was framed by best
legal talent meet constitutional objections. Yet the
Supreme Court Of the United Sta.es recently decided
that the State law null anu void and are now
lett poweress to protect ourselves from tho influx OF
class who imported into State aud sold the
purpose OF prostitution They follow that calling as
long possible, and, When hopeiessly diseased, are
frequently turned out to die In the Sand Hills When
laws or ordinances violated our punisnments
framed TO rcprcss crime and vice among own pco-
pic mus. be applied to them To the latter
and prisons they receive better rations than
they obtain as laborcrs Their cell is nvefold
greater than the space Of their crowded tenements
In those institutions The cost OF their maintenance
greater than their average expenses there
fore prison life has little terror for them.
rnE CHINESE TOWN.
portion OF the city Of San Francisco one Of its
Oldest quarters, Is now Chinese town. IL exhibits
such aspect Of degradation that the people OF the
northern portion OF the'clty decided to open broad
prevent the necessity OF the school children
passing through that section and at the last Iegsla
ture another street running southery ordered 10
be opened to prevent IT'S Increased occupancy by tho
Chinese These two avenues when completed, Will
have cost the people Of San francisco nearly s.
which is raised by Tax on their properly.
Travellers who have visited China allege that the
Chinese quarter OF San Francisco pestiterous
than any the Chinese At the last session OF
the Legislature commission was appointed by the
senate Gallo rnia to investigate the condition OF
affairs resulting from this Chinese immigration. Tcs
timony was given by two eminent physicians, DR. To
land and DIR. Shorb, Of the Board OF Health, who
stated American boys OF twelve and thirteen years
OF ago were victims of loathsome disease con-
traced the Chinese quarter aud the superintendent
Of House Of Correction. Captain WOODS gave sim
liar testimony. There are now In the pesthouse
san Francisco eight OF leprosy all Chinese The
report OF the Senate committee Will be prepared
due time and will present tho subject in a It's
Itrhs bo az Ia he hem in n