The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-04-29

snc convcrsson or tue powder into these propelling
gases greater distance from the muzzies Of tho
guns than tnr'y ieet !. assembled instantly on ieav
opposite electricity. Any one familiar with tho
ire Of artillery must have observed similar effects re-
earring the heat from the discharge.
To illustrate this BY an example. "Mount Wash
rngton, IN the White Mountains in New Hamp
shire. In north latitude ~ deg. 10 min rs sec,
and in longitude from Greenwich II deg 10 min
20 It's elevation above tidcwater Us 293 feet and
wa,d or tho Gulf or McKee, the highest mountain
thereof being Clngmans' Peak. the State OF North
Carolina which Is q, 7o7 feet above tdewater The limit
OF the growth OF trees the north side OF Mount
Washington is $50 feet above tidewascr The climate
OF Mount Washington corresponds with that oil tho
middle Of Greenland about 10 deg OF north latitude or
20 deg further north than New Hampshire IL u an
island. so 10 speak, In the temperate zone and
Of its great elevation, exhibits also the
OF the atmosphere where The mercury docs
not rise above twcnty-iou inches IN the barometer.
Tor peculiar interest. tnerciore ine Mount WASHINGTON
tmeteoroogcas) station 70 not exceeded by any point
within the Arctic circle"
II, was on this mountain says the general that
party Of scientific gentlemen passed tho winter Of
1870 and 1871 amid great prvatons and suffering for
Tho purpose ofinves'gatng the physical conditions OF
Observation shows that the climate Of any country
BECOMES colder In proportion 10 the height CT the land
above tho Thus In tropical regions there may DO
an arctic climate altitude ~ 900 coo feet"
The room inhabited by these gentlemen was IN tho
ss onS eeree feet vide and csbs tees high Il was
wel projected from the cold heated by two
stoves, one an ordinary COOK stove, tho other Magec
parlor st0va priced tor It's marvellous heating power
Their journal reports follows, VIZ.
sFebruary 4, 1871, temperature at seven O'Clock A.
n, S3 degrees; - nine O'Clock 7. NJ, 10 degrees
In the room The temperature was Sc degrees and
sometimes 90 degrees To do this the stoves were
kept At q red heat tho thermometer hangs I've feet
from stoves; the temperature ten from stoves
At the ioor ~ degrees In other parts OF the room
the temperature was e5 degrees midnght, wind fully
up 100 miles per nour, and northwest"
February 8, some Of the gusts OF wind ITO miles
per hour at three O'Clock A. NJ. temperature in the
k~.A ateu. Icsl
thermometer 81 degrees Yesterday barometer p sos
inchesn
ena-,.Fivo feet from red hot stoves tho Their
momcter marked 60 degrees; ten feet from
the same stoves on the noor the thermometer
distance Of i've feet IN length and two feet below
the sources OF heat Now, at that rate Of rada-
transmit, any degree Or heat o., Ooo 900
OF miles through temperature OF -l42 de-
grees OF ccntgrade to this planet and merely
this earth column OF heat Of s 900 miles
ter 10 enveop IT, but also 10 diusc its heat through
eilipsod OF ether whose circume ference would be the
orbit of the earth around tho sum- Hut The actual
loss OF heat It's descent to The earth f that could be
possible, which IL cannot be- per foot would be i'm.
mensey than Is stated above, the heat would
have {, pass through space chilled to LAP degrees OF
censgrade instead OF in room heated to 65 degrees
OF Fahrenheit Again, In tins latitude Of 40 degrees
north, wc have winters falls OF snow which
lie ont upon the ground sometimes Tor weeks,
t-snd when the snow does begin 10 melt It com
menccs with the layer Of snow In contact with the
earth and not with that on the upper surface exposed
to tho Our farmers all know that whom their fields
in winter covered with snow their growing crops
under it are kept warm though OF the sun could
reach them through the snow and they anticipate
hercfron large yield in tho ensuing harvest II
res.rial heat is derived directly from the how
this fact explained? A gentleman the State Of
Name during tho early part OF tho last winter whom
the ground his residence deeply covered with
snow IN many places made some experiments TO asccr-
the temperature of the earth under snow He
found that tho heat increased the surface OF tho earth
with the depth OF the snow above It Tho following Is
Experiments wero made in the winter OF 1929,
with . TO ascertain how far the soil Is protected
from cold by For four successive days IN
ter there being four inches in depth OF tho
ground level, tho average temperature immcdi-
rsnScss bsrmomc,er below zero: immsdiaclv bc.
meath the contact with the earth 10 degrees
above Zero being m increase OF degrees OF tsmpcra
ture. occasioncd by covering OF the earth with four
inches Of snow and under drift OF two feet
deep tho temperature p degrees above Zero making
an increase OF temperature NJ the earths surface,
under Two feet snow II degrees over
the temperature OF the air just above the upper
face or tho snow No one can pretend thai these vari.
atoms OF temperature were derived from the sun
General Pcason,on explains these phsnomcna as
oliows:-Thc radiation OF heat from the interior OF
tho earth, positively electrified, meeting at tho
surface OF the earth with the In contact with IT,
negatively electrified the conjunction OF these opposite
poartes OF electricity evolves heat melting the under
layer or tho snow, irrgang the Plants under II with
water moderately warm and keeping the earth from
snow had the plants wore ready to receive
the stimulating influence OF sunlight and the blue light
Of the sky, oi which they had been deprived during
the winter N az es
AN ONSLAUGHT on TyxDALL
Tho General is dow nrght believer bis theo
ries In maintaining them therefore, he does not hes
tate hrs lance rest against doughty scien
tile champion Professor TyDdaL s'Some OF Tyn.
dals theories and explanations really astound me-
believed that no would have Numbered palpably on
matters susceptible Of such explanation gives
them For instance writing on what he calls solar "a
.Nevcr did suffer 80 much from solar heat as when
descending from the corridor TO the grand plateau Of
Mont Blanc tho 18th OF August 1887. While sunk up
to the The dartcd its rays upon me
with nolcrabIe crcencss On entering into the shade
OF the Dome du Goutc these Impressions instantly
changed, FOR the air cold IL really
much colder than the air raverscd by tho solar rays.
and suffered. not from contact with warm air but
from the stroke the SUMS rays which reached me
nftcr passing through medium as cold ice.
singular that to 80 lcaincd and astute scientist
tIons distressing on this occasion. derived
from tho heat Of tho SUMS fierce rays that he could
have walked through deep in such heat
without the snow becoming melted BY the Same heat
which oppressed him, and that he would have been
swept away by the torrent OF thus produced by
the melting OF the by this great heat but It docs
appear that the snow at all affected BY u.
while the water was drawn out Of the Professor pro-
fuse pcrspirat0n.
any explanation would be ths:-Thc heat from which
tho Professor suffered came from his body and
derived from electrical action OF sunlight upon
his dark woocn Clothes warmed by the animal heat
Of his system. He was struggling through deep
natural heat Of his body, ss degrees Of tenn,
or Fahrenheit, was greatly increased by the
muscular efforts he making his descent or the
glacier. HIS wooen clothes had become positively
electrified by the heat OF his body. Tho strong
light OF August having passed through tho cold. dry
ether planetary space and the upper atmosphere OF
the earth, by Its friction with them negatively
electrified and falling upon his body Clothes
positively electrified, increased heat evolved IN
and around his person. and his sucrings INTENSE
ned. AS as he left the sunlight his clothes by
induction, became negatively electrified and the tenn.
peraturc OF his body lowered and his suffer-
ings from heat ceased"
THE Sun has 10 HEAT.