New-York tribune., 1876-10-16
CENTENNIAL EIHIBITION.
THE GOVERNMENT BUILDING.

POTTERY AND WEAPoNs-SToEE COOKING UILN-
sus-GR0WTH OF POPULATION As Shows BY
THE CENSUS BOoKS-THE o. ..AuOSAL DisrLAY.
lFEcMA STAFF coRREsrOSpEN. oF tue rMBrNLI
PHILADELPHIA, Oct Q. - When Admiral
Wiics ald other early explorers returned from distant
voyrcps or from expeditions to the then almost ln-
known West bringing with them objects illustrating tie
natural history, emoocy. gcoogv, mineraiogy OF lie
sections they visited, Congress br law made the -H'1i-
souan Institution the depository o. AZ SuCl c''i'S'
and its secretary the curator Of tic Natonai Museum
thus founded The expense attending the arrangement
classification ana preservation Of yc collections 'orn'd
In this asy was for many years paid from the smitiso-
niau fpaIs bat recently Congress has IuaGe sui1I
annual appropriation iOr that purP'sr. Tie National
Museum stu occupies rooms in tAc Snlthsonau a.'i-
tuition. when proposed 10 send 20 tl' Centennial
Exhibition collection Illustrating IL" natural resources
OF the couutty the machinery OF the NUi'E1l Museum
was utilized its JocGn iioJn M, not bcoause 1t VtS
supposed tat il would DE desirable 10 bra- hcic laduy
specimens from thc mu~Cuu, b1t because ' -,ucinon
in c'rrcc of were better fitted 10 make The collection
than any others Whose services the Government c0'id
could readily command The rcsson why The collection
1T Washington wuich il very yalI.rla one could not
De ut 1cj IS tuaj The object Cor which 70 was ntlv Is
cGeI,n: one The exhibition here 8. au economic one;
&c shows ih aiurl. vc-c;lb" and mineral rrfnntc- #
tine United States pud ;ho n"thods 10y which they 0-c
utilized: that az Washington scientific and {, hHical
Il its character
The Ea;.oual Museum at Washington o.Hpi"- Jess
,har 5000 saurc feet Of GJornr The National
Museum exhibit hce ..l, uo,c ;lau $500. sIu... f't
The d'spla, OF minerals alone occupc. 10000 s1u7r
feet althogyl o7'v I've specimen. o',' Of the many
Thousands shown were brought here from Was nc,ru
Even iu tie chronological department proper as it-
matl,d former le.tcr tar collection i almost tn-
t'r.y uca, and IS an addition 20 tat ., Wa..t: ,stan
rather than paIt OF H.
Tire d,i- ION which las Drawn most heavily IRON the
Naosa 3r.cua s that of arcaTo'ocy From the cl'r-
actcr Of many OF hc specimens, e Interest a:n curiosity
which % ~ excite IN tine minds even oi uarl' 1t'i rHr
sons duG tlcir wide distribution over a lit,- u. tIs
continent il ulturai t.at th, Smithsonian cor c;iog
iu tis dep rtIcnt shoa,3 uc very rich, w'c at tire same
tim it would ue impcs .pc 10 secure an, unne Ike
lec roprc,eGt.tv" -'t Of specimens hr original tA
IcIalious made especially for th, occasion. Bui tD
Washington collection la. been supplemented and ca
rlchol. Br tlro ..7'aucr o.! tc Treasury cr1 N1r D.
pa-t,rfu.s an rpc5 sn v4 sent ~ tive south coasi OF
California and 20 Oregon and collected Crcat quauuts
OF articles. among which are many cloicr specimens
such as stone iuorars prsilc ornaments o, siouc she'll
bone. see. ore of Lieut.. W.cci"' as>stau,, Dr. Var
row also aa important collections last ~c: au many
private are uoio2' correspondent of tac sud soria
Institution have .an. presented specimens from ben
private cabinets
Isnall net attempt in This letter 10 give description
Of the G0yorucut archaeological exhibit That lls
been done 10y D. Chos Eau. the gentleman under whose
direction 81 hes been d. and hI7 ropott VIII ''n
be pu5s lied Iy the -IGi s1uin Institution IT, oZaI-
iniag The collection the visitor soJd br-H win tIc
western the main aisle o. the nuiiIg iu which
shown the stone, fron which thc indians made lm
pemcnts Of vaou. kinds. All Of those hrar mari. ofter
showing tac for which thr articles De made az
them wcrc intended H. ,hs diyi4lnn there II laIge
nuccrs OF Ohsd.an, from wuica the Mexican Indians
formerly saLt fakes used f,r knives d. OF
pressure, and large number of the lIivr, Themselves.
The order o. ai5auccmep; 5 from tic r1d.v 20 those
4
plcncnts which made 10y simply splitting OF; tLe
stones iroccdc those which shaped Dy polW!iuc,
grinding, or carving. Thc collection o. moF,ar, md
cooking pots made Of soapstouc end sandstone is q
very IRE one. The shape Of some Of these pots,
which dug out Of 80 d stone. - almost perfect
ti&t Of tie modern iron utensils used in American
kitchens. The skill of the Indians re-iiup around LAKE.
pctar Is ~triRngiy shown by the display Of ancient
copper implements from that region. Tllac were an
formed hr hanmcrng, tac art Of smelling metals no,
having been known 10 tAc ab3TeiHe2. The collection
also contains great nulocr az spac.mans ol bone lnd
shell implcr'nts dnd oIh,uetts. ia tuc thiou.nr OF
which many dc-rccs OF sa!i have been displayed!
Mound pottery, thIt is, pottery found m Indian
mounds Is represented bv large collection OF articles
many of which uu0ue in their character and i
good state Of pres rsltau TIC at OF baing pottery,
Dc VIII br remembered unknown To t.' uhcs Of IN
dams WHO inha'i.ei ta .ouuay ai tho ,mo o. s SET
tl,meuL Pssinr te vessels o.: loaG and wood tbc
cqre4u-s g. ivory and we. spl tho no!.- coast o.
America she vessels Of hfrs and ~oUrds e toyr clrs
and gambling implements. the weapons, Iifc, Dr.,
vii Only m uu the car ols carved Gtou. places from
Queen ClaIlojtcs Island. These mad. oi riacs
slate and 0 a. arou, devices. aii ouy'd vitI great"
skill Ono. about thc s.za and shape oi large 'uiu~
plate n1 ihc iinrao fan Anrrica' silver dollar clrvrd
on tile inside. TIC figure Of crir 6,.- The center.
willr o TIM tlc words United s.Gtcs Uf Amer
lea" iu large raised ll,tcls.
IT, this ud d former letter have epoho briefly OF ;hr
departments Of cEpl0adeu land survey, ctL.uiogy, and
archaeology. VITA short review of re Iiavs a. t.o
Census ana Educftioni bureaus sl.n cloce lcaytlgu
description OF Inc departments saCViaS tub aniinsi
vegetable, aud mineral resources OF to oouutry ior
subsequent communication.
The Census Bureau oec pies % small sparo DC .cc o.,
chronological dsDay and thc Brrcu.o. Efrcaton ~
show The wonderful growth ~ Che United st,tcs n puru-
ation lnIeh moro lorci1i than any Gr,s c,0it do H.
Col Barrngt1n has prDU.W from Washington %.
original rct Itus made by he mI1Eas IN Three r..ry
sentative ccuSuses-th9se o. 1890. 1870. and 1870
These returns are uniformly boIDd, aId, wlrn riac.d
side by side really make startling cslnJit. nla
enumeration OF 1890 Is all contaluca 81 23 volumes,
some large and some small 10 uniform sysism @! iuah
Ing rcurss had then been adopted hT ,ae G'ner Coz
ernmemt, ana the reports Of the mars-a I different
States were not all made he ep'pc pl n. hut The
majority of them striking evidences al iha ;ac~t
thorough aud cOuscen,. .ous wOrkuHush.p. tortj
later or IA 1880, The rciuras ed 800 volumes, Rcr
aging larger than tGsr o' 1888 aua 40 thr Crd OF 'ar
second 40 wears, ~ 151U, 10 csS tAa4 ~ uihVsst