New-York tribune., 1876-05-19
mendcd at an early day by Hamilton, whose an

~
battle-cry of great party under no less popular
leader Henry Clay. But after struggle OF many
years the doctrine of freedom of trade began to
be- asserted. The tariff of duties became from
time a. time weeded Of the provisions in favor OF
particular manufactures, and was in the main iipe-
raj ana not unsatisfactory to all parties Inc manu-
facturers had ceased from the struggle for speclai
duties and seemed content with those whlch were
laid merely for the sake of revenue. The ques1ioh
Of protection was no longer matter of controversy
But the war revived the old quarrel and left 1t a
legacy to the years which are yet to come
Other questions of no less importance, ana OF
vital interest. mt the present day. are set orlh pS
Mr.. Bryant, which make it imperative on the MS
torian of the Republic not to stop short OF tue cyce
of a hundred years from the birth of our nation In
that period great interests have been disposed OF ana
set aside with the next hundred years we have a
new era with new responsibilities.
In addition to the element of political history
winch it appears is to hold so important place III
the present work. the author refers TO the subsidiary
questions which cannot be overlooked by the
thorough historian. Among these are the Mounds
which are scattered over our territory, whose
builders are supposed to have been seml-civiized
race who preceded the savage tribes that were found
by the discoverers from the Old World. The history
accordingly commences with what has been aScer-
taned by modern science of the prehistoric existence
of man. and the present state of our knowledge of
the Mound Builders. well as of the savage tribes
by whom they were succeeded. The work is to be
divided INTO three periods: the COLONIAL PERIOD the
period from the Declaration of Independence to the
struggle which closed with the extinction of slavery
and the period from the end of the civil war to the
present time.
The execution of the present volume indicates
care .ul and exact, if not extensive research, u.s.
eliminating judgment i'll the use OF authorities an
unusual attention dO the details OF the narrative
and judcious brevty of statement, but not at the
sacrifice of completeness of information NO attempt
is made at broad generalizatons, or the discussion
of speculative theories while every essential fact Is
weighed in fine critical balance, and the result SET
forth in persplcuous and expressive language, with
not infrcquent passages of graceful and picturesque
composition. An example of nicely of judgment
IN the estimate of evidence and of the fidelity with
which a critical point has been examined in various
lights is the account of the voyage of the Cabots
which resulted in the discovery of the North Amer-
can continent -
1t is that voyage made as early as l497
by John Cabot accompanied by his Sebastian. from
Bristol, England. to find the shorter pah to India west
ward. In tile vessel called tine Matthew he made MS
drst land-fan this side the Atlantic on the 2ith OF
June OF tnat year Whether the land first sern-the
Terra rrmun risa OF the old ,naps,was Cape Breton
Newfoundland tho coast OF Labrador Is siIl an open
question: tnOugh the latter held to be the most toDa
tle by Of those who have given the subject mos.
th by west from Bristol, IL could hardly nave pcen
oT 500 lea mcs and that could only have the shore
OF Land. These Cabois, then, were me 81 Hs
coverers OF the continent aDout year before Counns
entered The Gull o Paria and two years before oJeds
feet, IN which Vcspucci saiel, touched the COAST VI
south America 200 leagues FAR n & sonlh: rr.,o
But which CiDot commanded this eXpeditionl hefe
again doubt is started and the l.ther an toe son Ia,
Whence he removed TO London win family TO
nil tlet r:l merchandise
when lie born, III wnut year he cmS'atcu
don TO Bristol lie was, it is asserted, lesrned
IN cosnoc17 ply and an accomplished naNlsilor' haa
travelled b, land in te East and mad heard from men ID
the caravans Of Arabia those strange ana cdpuNdth
tales OF the bomdess wealth and magnnce,cc 81
suddenly appeared two years before and II - sup
posed mat ne ded about tna un9 bit WmtIgr & II Wv Mos
old man whose work was Lappl.s hlSn.' ' ~ o.
cut of n the prime o ms sor ana MS u'!' 'N''e
Tine s0u bastian is said to have been only 20 year.
OF e in l497. lie undoubtedly YOUNG llih, pal
some suppo-e-a suProson Necessary nleea. 10 ,h II
theory gard To im and his v"yas that nc was hot
css tna IS years age when lie sailed on tls voN'sc
uc time MS brtn H. may nave pceh porn III Nehce
. aaas nc was born in Bristol IN one account ne -
fr5n Ie.tc man, ytercs since To dweu IN England To
follow tie Ac Uf mrrcAaDtscs, nee toohe NEE WIN
hn to tne ctic Londot,, while Was yet very yong,
vet tyn- ucycIth .cSsc some khowcdse Ol clt.Is 81
hin uiic and OF the sphere But hs redd Ed'hs tes-
liuu. a is Scbast Cabot 'Od M inat ne was uoc
in Bfatowc ana that at i0 ycire ond he was eafredw
lis her to Venice, dnd 81 returned aSayhe 10 EnsaLn
VITA his fatAei after certayne years, whereby lac WAS
| tuou.. 4 TO la, G been bora IN Venice"
Luin passages rched upon as siici' ht ahSWeI 10
q objection Scbds.ians youth for tue c"unahl o
important an expedition; lci neither Is cohr,ush''
iuasIEDch neither gives Toe ddlc oI tLe a'le ',
grafton I" England, whlle inc hist proves aos.the 700
much, as II g's on to say " And w'en my Ia'HeL ueu
IN that nue when nrwcs were brought tht Don Chrs!o
phcr Coonus Gciuese had discovered Tie coasts OF IN
| Ia. wicicof great tEe M ALI tue court oi HIM
men with great admiration uil med II to he thlhB more
divine than humane, 10 sale by TIE west int" c East
where specs grove, by way Juht m"n d w. ny, ~ @ u,i
before, by tins fame ana report thefc increased III ny
lear g'eat h"ine oi desire 10 "''cup So'"' "o'"''
Inat John Cabot not dead at the period
! role rrd Is just 40 certain as thdt either ne
lis son, or both, sailed III searGn OF i norm, u,
west passage. Bat this discourse OF Sebastian Ca9oi;
winch It tcsue-, * cnutrd 10 40 crcht as slcty hc-
curiic evidence as TO details 1sinSh % - te IN VA,
who bad 1t iiOn Cabot III yctis ad pl'seh away ana
then some elapsed before 1t was put III "ith-
by tnc amiaO-wnO Inst published A. ANA wno
cautioned ais readers that e Ony ptsahGd 1" she en-
ont b4tfly w.go tnc heads oi Wa. remember oI
IT." No rluce, of course can DC put upon hueh uoeu-
o. & elr5nicIs no oGever notably Fabian, STOW,
auG GOdr, speak Oi sebastian CdboO rs TIE navigator
avery eXcr ana cunning i Knowledge oi lhe ciichl .,
tue world and sands Oi me SAINT as lH s'' @ @G1iu
VINO demonstrated To King Henry VII tic Feasibility oi
nuriG-"cs passage To hc lhos, ana Muo Tls % ~ T.,
coan, o tJe voyage But ilakuit subs Itntcd the name
John, the iitucr. for that oi sebastian Tue so ana
subsequent autLO.s EaFc Tor te most part aoeop'd MS
correction.
by d his. ut iiahuyCs rtccndy DfOusll To Igh III lih
tuc great cLrOncer a,sers not ohly nat ine hlht eA
ton Was commanded by -cuastIln Cabot bat tndt lne
/ v,,a.e Its,f wa, made in 1896. ~, words are "
gs part the c0u,iucHt, well - OF inc Islands,
WAC fs. discovered the King Oi LIgdnd uJ scOds-
tiau .il0tr, Englishmau born III BristDW sou oi
I., G,,Nf. n, IiIi" And ram: "Nl,.morr, GabOtc
sco1 erd large tracJ OI nrne idnd t"o years D.
/ fuie Columbus ever saw any part oil Tue cohli-
| nm Columbus iirst saw the Grne lance Aux. /,
1888, hut GdbOte nid,c iHs great discovery III Ii3O
Incrc is certainly trustworthy evidence, AMI h'ic oi
am, sort oi a yOy-e by ctacl tbc ldcr az tIc ron Ia
tBat year, man dilncIiy hc,o Is 10 reconcile
/ uaaiuyt go himself.
II A. les easy 10 dispose OF a map discovered about
tW,uty vea!s 40 ~ Gaiin4iiy, wucn u conflict