, 1876-03-18

| tie scale Nf CIVILIZATION than modern hittory
! has yet accorded theta
What are sunr Of thu practical uaes which
the microscope is put tU2 They are 80 nu.
! lnuons and varied that in or abort lecture
they csn hirily bU cnunIrttc,i. much mure
! fully described. Microscopes have been
practically u>,h for certain scientific pur.
! pnsrs tl,,i n"cniy he high as 10000 diam,
,trrs THESE n~d in the arts ami for com.
mon purposes, generally runrSc The object
trnrn 400 "a 800 times. E.cn smaller ones
tunswcr ali purpo q, for the aXsculturist.
the wu0l grower, the cloth manufacturer and
the ninesalosi.t. Bur tur an,t0micnl, phi.
lOsophicnl, medical, chvaical and Iotanical
purposes the only limit to their usefulness
:.S ,ar aS maEnily'ng power Is concerned, is
the prrioction "I' the glaSS's. sincv the ad.
agitation 0i the Camera L0ciGa to the com.
| pound microscope, the operator, II skilltul
with the neil can prrscn, accurate draw
ings of objects magnitird thousands Of times.
By calling in thr :rt OF phologrHphing, TO
aii iuyc>tig ,iun. actual titcsimii0S, almost
incredibly enlarged, have been produced, of
objects invisible to the unassistrd vision
and Ecvrr dreamed Of Till revealed by this
incnlcuahiy valuable invention. BY means
Of the telescope, thc microscope, the camern
lucda and the electric light, astronomers
have taken accurate photographs, not only
of the moon and many ot the other solar
thnt their geographical appearance has be-
come familiar 10 the eye.
But perhaps the greatest wonder of all is
the revelations from the greatest depths Of
the ocean, made apparent hy this wonderful
instrument. The debris adhering TO deep
sea sounding instruments, drawn thousands
Of fathoms from the surface, has proclaimed
that even here. animal lite, invisible until
revealed By the microscope, is prolific
enough 10 actually build up, and gradually
lessen the amount Of these great depths, as
one generation. succeeds another, and species
follow each other with surprising rapidity.
Without the microscope we should never
have known that the choral reef is nothing
but the successive dwelling and tomb Of
countless myriads of animals, liternl "toilers
of the sea-" whose silent w0rkings have act
ually built continents and are still quietly
invading and lessening ocean depths and
AREAS Water drawn by scientific processes
from great depths, in many places, has been
found literally swarning with microscopic
animalcus, 50 minute inseed, that single
drop furnishes an ample home for the tiny
object, propor,ionally as extensive as the
Arctic Ocean does for the walfus, seal and
whale
In many locations also on land, the very
atmosphere teens with invisible races that
penetrate our lungs at every breath, bearing
to both man and the brute the seeds of dis
ease that end in death. Examine that bank
of fine white substance, like meershaum or
chalk, found on the ocean or lake beaches or
near some old river bed, and you find il
nothing but the remains of infusori,e, tha,
must have been engaged myriads of years in
building up such extensive and deep depos.
its. This is the well known substance, now
used by chemists in combination with dy-
Mantle, the most terrible perhaps Of all
known explosive materials,
The microscope has told US that the finger
nail and the hair are the same in compost.
tion, the latter hollow tube as we'll defined,
regular and perfect. more so in tct, even in
the very finest variety, than it would be pos.
sible for the most skillful artizan to con
struct. The circulation Of the blood has
been seen through the microscope, every
pulsation of the heart noted as accurately as
the revolutions of an engine.
Insects have been subjected to It's scruti.
niIing search, and their anatomical struct-
ure, their physiology, their nervous system,
their methods Of propagation, habits &c,
have all been rs accurately observed as those
of man, Indeed to the naturalist IL has now
become absolutely essential, il he would ar,
rive at uJthing like accuracy in his invest.
igations. Animals invisible to the naked
eye, have actually been as we'll and thor.
oughly dissected as those Of the largest ma.
rne or terrestrial animals. For long time
many specimens of natural history remained
in dispute, as to the manner of their CLASH
fcation, whether they belonged to the an
imal or the vegetable kingdom. The micro
scope, when brought to bear upon this point
of natural history has been always able to
accurately determne for like the laws OF
mathematics it is absolutely certain. '
In England, women who are householders
have right to vote in local elections. Mr.
Disraeli is so lar woman suffraqist that he