New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1876-07-08
THE GREAT EXHIBITION.

THE METHOD or INSTRUCTION IN TIE GoYEhNNENI
SCHOOLS OF VARIOUS NATIONS.
fFRoM A spgcIAL CORRESPONDENT THE TRIBUNEl
PHILADELPHIA, July G.-The school-house
from Belgium. appropriately enough is almost covered
from sight by the manufactures which she sends IL Is
large structure too three in the Main Building
but the outer walls draped with cloths ana carpets
that nobody would know it was there II he ala not nap
pen observe the little carved doorof entrance Ever
since the 9th century, when old Bras de Fer brought
skilled worken into Flanders she poorer classes living
on the banks the Schedt have been better Known TO
the world by their lace and damash than by ans system
attic care which they took OF the brains of their children
Indeed, rs long the little country Of Belgium was
tossed about between France, Spain, burgundy, ana
Austria there little 10 arouse national ambition OF
cohesive public effort OF any sort Under whatever King
the pennless little Hans and Katrina were born they
were sure TO taught cloth or lace and move
IA pleased God or suited circumstances. With no ma
tional tongue and O iargOn about them OF haa-doEcn
alien dialects, common schools for Their use became al
most impossbliy. Under the control OF the Dutcn
the children Of laborne clnsses had no better chance
than under the Flemish Counts. When Belgium attained
her independence however, Hans and Katrina became
an absorbing object of popular interest and very soon
the chief bone OF contention between the Catholic ana
Liberal leaders, until the difficulty now Is not The ack oil
schools, but into which they shall be dragged On one
side are universities high schools and gymnasia under
street church discipline; the other the educatioha
system controlled by the state-unversitcs schools Of
architecture and mining, 10 national. classical and com
mercal, EcOes moyennes. and the host Of primary
schools The question of Catholic and Protestant In
uence in these training houses OF the next generation
undeTlles much of the present political dsturoahcc III
the little kingdom. The primary school, sent 10 MS ~
specimen is admirable in design. Aere IL laNatOy
gymnasium, completely furnished; model school-room
well lighted and warmed aud ventilated by system by
NJ vh fhp lir IN
pcwed every half hour. New-York and Philadelphia
school Commissioners could learn much here which
they do not know. The desks and seats are
graduated in hight to sut big clumsy Hans or the little
madaInoiscllos OF three years." "a an enthusiastic
young Belgian explained. showing us at the
same time how the dcsk-lld could DO arranged
as writinC,tand opened TO display permanent slate
or turned over to show cushion for working lace tsi
lace Katrina y, laid fiat a dningable ON whlch Il
placed the bread and bopiDn which les bOhHes sgurS
furnish their pupils n they hungry and poor The
good sisters teachers Of these primary
schools nc the same Abacu that which we found IN
the Swedish Department, and all Of Froenels higher ar
paratus Here too. we're every Of instruction
which appeals the eyc-pc,urcs, mechanical iustru
meuts, stgiIed birds ana beasts, geonetrich blocks
sheets OF folded paper which were shown the raw
cotton the thread the muslin; the mulberry leaf ana
worm. the cocoon, the thread and bt of brocade or
velvet; the whole TRANSFORMATIONS Of hundred manu-
features learned by glance.
The Netherlands, near by, send exhibits OF their
Notifications bridges and the mechanical means ny
Inch they conquered their enemy, the sea IL ac
cord with this they offer principally TIE work Of their
industrial aud artisans schools especially of the lat
ter kind Rotterdam, where boys Of from l2 a. - TIRE
trained in theory and practice ~ become clever artisans
This farmers school - III fact. series Of actual "ok
shop. where boys taught 90 be esiul silAs car
pputrrs, ipiners, woulcaWcrs, masons, &C. their work
being in the school or 'or The market Thcy
are also taught geography, drawing arithmetic and the
higher mathematics. Each parish has its elementary
public school from which religious teaching Is cycludrd
but nnunerable private scaools under sec'a
ran influence besides ;he large atA,uGdps aud uiyeis
ties.
SWISS SCHOOLS.
Switzerland send, coInpioe survey IN miniature Of
the working o. her school system Every child between
> and T. compelled to attend school Every canton
sen Is the accounts and reports OF lis Board Of EJucd
ton IT. books. maps and pwls and nucr these come
accounts the kndrr-rtonS. model decks and seats,
almost countless systems o. instruction, devised hy the
cesrhcadc SW, Tor their youngsters ihc drawings -
pupils and fu reports Of the vorA Of Le blind an deaf
and dumb in their schools There nrc also sone curious
ArbcIi-A IOums--Iclt blans books in which are Ia
serted. Instead Of pictures, specimens Of al. kinds
OF nocdlcwoIk, from tiny socks Tor p.uslord
babies - deliberately finished trousers and dresses.
There are. too, full statistics concerning the
great universities and academies 90 Which 30
many American students NM t."lr way ihrft was ono
sheet Of paper, however. which remember better than
all tie p,nderOu- satisuc--a letter from Hide blind
girl IN ono Of the schools n Whrh she c.dshiy "scnds
her good wishes Tor the great Exhibition 81 iLe world in
Philadelphia, aud hopes 70 inay succeed surely some
tud soul will ,cnd greeting back 10 the li.e creature
sitting n darkness, AMI 80 carry glimpse oil the Dt-Gt
ness OF the great Exposition % nor.
Great Britain has representation o. her cluca
uoual svsiem. 40 loist / can ild The colonies.
however compel ait.ns,n 90 tItT WOr, for their chill
drru Ourucahhor. 4 Ontario by the care and L,Jor
which they have giYoh 10 tins deparim IA, show h"w
much more important they hold the manufacture of
wives and women thasof fabrics pottery. ElIcnt!ou
IN that province is 3myuaasy, the parents OF every
child between the aged OF seven and l., who s. not at
school being srli.lt % Gue Of 81 per month, 81 i'm
pr.sonmcUt II the nucis not paid. Catholic mtcpayor3
can elect 10 send clf children 10 the separate ia cad
Of public schools: inc is taxed for Their support
and IA EXEMPTED from public school rates Then scotia
rim hnols receive t3or share of tbc legislative grant,
and are under the control Of The educational department
The prescribed cour. 81 study ia the puzzle schools lii
fc iqt slightly .o our own the Studies ran gin RON
reI,pr and spelling up to ol,I government, physiology,
anl Che higher matlmatci TIE h "a schools furnish
hj,h,r ENGLISH course with tie classics ana modern
In dish languages. There are Normal schools FOR the
training Of tcachcIt aud, outside Of the jursdicon OF
the Educational Brcou colleges founded uron TIE model
Of the great public schools Of ENGLAND ana universities
Both colleges and uuigcIsitcs have been endowed with
lar g grants public lands, the annual Income amount
ing 10 from $4,000 10 $4,000. Institutions for TIE
hind the deaf ana dumb mechanics aud agricultural
schools are all aided supported hytEc liberal Provincial
Government. There are IA The main building several
models in-cnoutiy built OF tie principal coes aud
schools There is also a more complete display Of tie
apparatus Of teaching than is 10 be- ound elsewhere from
Frocbcs balls and primers for The babies 10 costly sc
tiHc Instruments c0lofcd casts and mau!hns for ad-
yauccd classes IN physiology dI8sact"d steam engines,
and raised maps for the use OF the blind. Dr. Nav OF the