davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
DIR. RAILWAYS
Sarsapari!lian ResoIvent
The Great Blood Purifier.

For the Cure Of all Chronic Diseases.
sCRoFULA OR sYPHILITIC, HEREDITARY OR
CONTAGIOUS.
BE 1T SEATED IN THE
Lungs or Stomach, Skin or Bones, Flesh
or Nerves.
Corrupting the Solids and Vitiating the Fluids.
Chronic Rheumatism, Scrofula, Glandalur Swell
ling, Hacking Dry Cough, Cancerous Affections,
Syphitic Complaints. Bleeding Of the Lungs, Dys
pepsia. Water Brash Tic Doloreux, White Swell
lings, Tumors, Ulcers, Skin and Hip Diseases, Mer-
Ricketts,, salt Rheum, Bronchitis, Consumption,
Kidney, Bladder, Liver Complaints &C.
Price 81 per bottle Sold by Druggists.
DIX. RADWAI j. CO., 81 Warren St, New York
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
USE RENEE'S
PAIN-KILLING
MAGIC OIL
"It Works like a Charm"

"It Works like q Charm"
II you have got Rheumatism,
USE RENNE'S MAGIC OIL
II you have got Neuralgia,
USE RENNE'S MAGIC OIL
II you have got Collie or Gran ps,
USE RENNE'S MAGIC OIL.
II You have got any kind uf Ache or Pain,
USE RLNNE'S PAIN-kILLING MAGIC OIL
Try it, and you will be surprised at the beneficial
effect derived from Il thorough and faithful use of
this popular remedy. 1t Is parely vegetable; safe
and clean to internally ar externally.
SYRACUSE, n, Y. July 25th, 1875.
VIM. RENNR & Sons, Pittsfeld, > ass.
SIRs-As duty, as well as a privilege, wish to
commend IT, those unacquainted with its healing
qualities You 'Pain-kiling Magic on TO BE
KEPT IN READINESS FOR EMERGENCIES, as severe at
tacks OF bowel difficulties, TO be applied ExTER-
NALLY Us u counter irrItant, and INTERNALLY rs an
anodyne and healer. Also for fresh wounds, having
tested it. especially the cuts, bruises and strains
received in the terrible ca amity at the Central
BAPTIST church, june 23, 1874. In behalf OF al
Things which good, and truly useful. subscribe
myself, Fraturnally yours, Rev. II. A. SIzER
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
Orleans Street Livery.

A HENRY. LIVERY FEED. SALE AND
~ Boarding : able. Parties and Funerals Spe-
ciajty. Orleans Street. between Buffalo and la
gle. Charges reasonable. II 15d1z
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
ASTHM A.

THE SUBSCRIBERS ARE MANUFA ACTURERS
I and Proprietors OF Dr.. r W. Read Celebrated
Asthma Relief, which is undoubtedly the best
asthma remedy yet discovered. IN SLANT RE
LIEF is GUARANTEED OR PURCHASE PRICE
REFUNDED. We pat up the medicine in boxes Of
three sizes, which retail for p cents, 81 cents and
Il. Persons rcmitting retail price will have tha
medicine promptly forwarded by mail post paid
Also samples sent free 10 any who desire. Prices
per doz S1.75 $3.50 and S1.00; gross price, $1S
S36; $72. ETHRIDGE, FULLER & CO.,
Rome, y. Y.
For sale in Rock Island bs John Bengston, Eui
KRhler. and Z RrCuncTt
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
THOMAS YATES

IS PREPARED TO DO PLUMBING IN ALL ITs
! branches. also, Gas and Steam Fitting
Gail and have estimates ade before ordering your
work done by ether parties.
THOMAS IATrS (Levoe. Rock Island
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13

CAMP BROWN. Wyoming. Dec. 26, Ie14.
RHEU MATISM --Lr = f Fenton: The six bot
ties Sarsa paria sent me in July last, cured of
Rheumatism, ana only used FIVE, tone get broken J
had it for our years. and spent neatly CBe thous
and dollars, wsth the best doctors in Montapa Ter
ritory previous | have got two more customers.
Please express me eighteen more bottles TO South
Pass. Enclosed find the greenbacks. Write me to
Camp Brown, as before. Yours truly,
ID. WOODRUFF.
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
To-DAYS ADVERTISEMENTS,
Notice..

r HEREBY f RBID ALL PERSONS FROM
l. selling or giving my wife, Alice Wright, any
intoxicat ny liquors from and after this date, al
persons doing so will be prosecuted to the full
tent of the law
CHARLES WRIGHT.
Rock Island, May 18th, 1876. 13d3t
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
WATCH BUYERS ATTENTION

| The undersigned respectfully directs the attcr
! tion OF parties contemplating the purchase II
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13

SCROFULOUS NECK, a number Of ulcers. open
for nine months; had the Dast medical advice
Cleveland. =. 4 friend sent Fent0n's Saisapa-
rilla, Twelve bottles made peri CT and perma-
uent care ". II. MEsRs.
North L nnnfi.ll @
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13


SCROFULA, five large absCesses on body. could
not turn in bed for weeks, cured by Fenton's Sar-
Sarsiparlia; had expended over one hundred dol
lars previous to using tie Acme Of Medicine Fen
tons Matchlese. G. FIELD.
SnGus Point VI
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13

CONSUMPTiON.-Dr Z + Fenton, Dear Sir
My wife sick two ycar- with sumption. We
paid out over thousand dol ars and received no
benefits: sent for six bottles OF your Matchess
syrup: she took it up and supposed herself cured.
one wear from this the sht Ielt il coming on. /
sent t. Capt hu Warner. of Cie' eind. TO SEND ME
six more bottles, which completed the cure, for
which We thank you and wish th say 10 all. We be-
1ieve il the b, ~ Renovator and Blood Purifier in
the world. Truly, your friend
CAPT. HENRY BROCK, Port Buiwell, Ont
FEMALE WEAKNESS, of seven years s. standing
cured by the of and half DO, ties Fenton's 4
Matchless Sarsaparilla. MEs. WM SIMS,
Port Hope, Mich.
SALT RHEUM eighteen years used all the no
ted humor cures without effect; six bottles Fentons
Matchess Sarsaparilla cured ME; it Is dead sure
cure &c Coon, Buffalo, Y.
Every person should read this carefully
DR. Fenton. cleveland, o. Dear sr:-five years
ted 8 disea-e that nearly cost me my life. was
seven months ia hospitals-Spahish Brazilian and
Buenos Ayres-but to no purpose. then went to
Clcnfuegos, Cuba, aud spent sixy-four days in the
military hospital. The doctors told me If had any
friends Lad better make my way TO hem. The
spring II came on me again. rest ia the night was
out of the question. friend in the St Iharles
Hotel here (Detroit) advised Fenton's MatChless
Syrup; sent for six bottles / haze only [, ken
four and perfectly well. must lay it surprised
me, and all that knew the condition l was in foT
five yesrs. / freely recommend tenton-s Matchless
Syrup above any blood purifier in the catalogue ot
medicines Yours respectfully
Detroit, Mich. b. Mckitterick
We intend to publ sh more wonderful evidences
Sold in Rock Island by John Bengston, e Breu
merit. I II Thomas and kPhler.
Western Agents, Van Setback, Stevenson 81 Reid
Chicago.
Fenton Mfg Co Proprietors, Cleveland, o.
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13

RHEUM ATT 5M- DR.. Fcnton: Having been laid
up Ave weeks with Rheumatism, and spent dollar
after dollar, my physician told ii must wear
off: got mp and on crutches as many more weeks :;
advised to get six bottles OF Fenton's Sarsapa-
rilla. Five bottles cured me completely. freely
recommend tie MGtchless Syrup as sure cure for
rheumatism Yours truly.
W. II BATES, cleveland Q.
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13

SCROFULOUS SORE LEG twelve years cured
by Fehtos Sarsaparilla after trying various noted
blood remedies.
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1876-05-13
SOMETHING NEW !

THE UNDERSIGNED WOULD RESPECT
| fully announce to the citizens of Rock Island |
and vicinity that having introduced their I'm
proved
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
THE Pennsylvania RAILROAD

The Great Trunk Line and Fast Mail Route
OF the United States, IS the most direct. con-
Philadelphia and this great Exhibition from
all sections of the country. Its trains to and
ron Philad 5 whl PAS tI through Strand
erected at the main entrance to the Exhibit
ton Grounds for the accommodation Of pas
sengers who wish TO stop at or start from the
numerous large hotels contiguous to this sta
ton and the Exhibition-aco convenience of the
greatest value to visitors, and afforded excIu-
is the only line running direct to the Centen-
NAL building Excursion trains viii also
stop at the EncampmenS OF the Patrons of
Husbandry. at Elm Station on this road.
The Pennsylvania Railroad is the Grandest
Railway Organization in the world. 1t con.
trolls Seven Thousand Miles of roadway, form
ing continuous lines to Philadelphia, New
York, Baltimore and w ashing toD, over which
Luxurious Day and Night Coaches are run
natl, Indianapolis, Columbus, Toledo, Cleve-
land and Erie, without change
Its main line is laid with double and third
tracks of heavy steel rails upon a deep bed
Of broken stone ballast, and its bridges are
all of iron or stone. Its passenger trains are
comfort and safety, and are run at faster
speed for greater distances than the trains OF
any line on the continent. The Company has
largely increased its equipment for Centen-
NAL travel, and viii be prepared to build In
its own shops locomotives and passenger cars
any extra demand The unequalled resources
at the command Of the Command OF the Com
pany guarantee the most perfect aecommoda-
lions for all its patrons during the Centen-
NAL Exhibition.
The Magnificent Scenery for which the
PENNSYLVANIA Railroad Is 50 justly celebrated
presents to the traveller over its perfect road
way an ever-changing panorama OF river,
mountain. and landscape views unequalled
y The MANIFESTATIONS on this Line are un-
surpassed. Heals viii be furnished at suita-
bic hours and ample time allowed for enjoy
xcursion Tickets, at reduced rates. win
he sold at all principal Railroad Ticket Of
ices in Che West, Northwest and Southwest.
Be sure that your Tickets read via the
Great PENNSYLVANIA Route 70 the Centennial.
FRANK THOMSON, Gen'l Manager
n n BOYD JR- Gen'l Pass'r Agent.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
S9

To the Working Class.-We can furnish you
employment at which you can make very
large pay, in your own localities, without be-
ing away from home over night. Agents
wrnted in query town and county to take
subscribers for the Centennial Record, the
largest publication in the United States-16
pages, 81 Columns; elegantly illustrated;
terms only 81 per year. The Record is devot-
ed to whatever is Of interest connected with
the Centennial year. The great exhibition
at Philadelphia is fully illussrsted in detail
Everybody wants it. The whole people feel
great interest In their eountry's Centennial
birthday, and want to know about it. An ell
egant patriotic crayon drawing premium pic
tnTe is presented free to each subscriber. 1t
IS entitled .-In remembrance of the One Hun
dredth Anniversary OF the Independence of
the United States. !" Size, % by 30 inches
Any one can become q successful agent for
but show the paper and picture and hundreds
of subscribers are easily obtained everywhere.
There Is no business that will pay ike this
at present. We have many agents who are
making as high as so per day and upwards
Now is the time; don't delay. Remember it
costs nothing to give tie business trial. Send
for our circulars, terms, and sample COPY OF
paper, which are sent free to all who apply;
do it to-day. Complete outfit free to those
who decide to engage. Farmers and meehan-
les, and their sons and daughters make the
very best Of agents. Address
THE CENTENNIAL RECORD.
S6-3mN Portland Maine.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13

In one of the western counties OF
Texas not long since a man was
tried and found guilty of stealing a
pig. In writing out the verdict the
foreman wrote: "Wee fine the pris-
ner not gilty." One of the Jury, who
had seen the inside of schoolheuse,
wanted some slight change made in
the spelling of the verdict, but the
foreman whispered: 81 know that
spellin' is sorter shaky, but you
have TO pander to the sheriff and
judge and the district clerk, for
that's the way they all spell. If /
was to spell a verdict right, and
they we've to find it out, the whole
jury would be indicted next term
of the court, and we would not
even get our jury fee for this days
work. You see they have got the
drop on us. Let US not exasperate
them as long as they are in power"
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
a Pennsylvania boy Monster
From the Great Bend Reporter.

From the Great Bend Reporter.
Last week, Thursday, lad about
twelve years Of age, named Francis
Van Barrigar, whose parents live in
Windsor, N. Y, lured two little
boys into a barn and said he was
going to kill them. He stripped
the clothes from the youngest child
and beat the little fellow with q
heavy strap aud buckle until he
tainted from loss of blood, which
streamed from his head, shoulders,
back and legs. But this was not
enough, and while his victim was
still unconscious be attached q strap
TO his neck, in good hangman's
style, aud proceeded to hang him
to a ladder. He placed the strap
over one of the rounds of the lad
der, and just as he was in the act
of suspendiDg his victim in the air,
Mr.. McCreary's son, who had made
his escape, came upon the scene with
several other, and selling the young
Nero, dragged him to Justice De
Bois' Office, from whence he was
sent to Jail. He shot a baby in
Campville put a few weeks since,
and the coroner's jury pronounced
ii accidental"
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
BEkIT f PaaloF oTS Slasn EEs agss os

IRHG from the HreSSs
Beatty's Golden Tongue Parlor Organs
have won for themselves good reputation
far and wide.--l W ashington IN. j. Star
We Would recommend this excellent instru-
ment to the musical world, for its dneness OF
sone.--l Petersburg Ind Democrat
Woodbine Lodge of Odd Fellows has pur-
chased one Of Beatty's Golden Tongue Or
gans, and It is the best instrument ever
brought to this town. WoOdstOWn IN. u
Register,
The Instrument gives entire satisfaction.
by brother. who purchased the organ, is
Those who wish te purchase frst-eIass In
strument for home, hall or church music
should try 3 Beatty by all means.-l Hersey
Mich Outline.
Its tone equals thu finest We have ever
heard Edna MOI Democrat
It Is pronounced splendid Instrument
James Z. Hali's letter 20 Finlay t0hiol Amer
lea PATRON.
A reputation which places them above sus
psclonl They are endorsed by the highest
musical aushritles throughout the Srorfd 81
the best---lst- Charles gMo.1 Gossip.
Agents wanted everyWhere g eaavass for
z. Beatty, Washington, \. !.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
WANTED.

GEETS-sGale and female, to sell pic
~ lures, everywhere. Fourteen thousand
retailed by one. What agents say al can
n axe more money In this business than can
on $4,000 farm, all stocked" ssYour pic
lures please every BODY 81 received the IS
you sent, and sold 81 the next day. ssPic-
tlres received, and more than half sold the
first day. send 100 more.'' .'Glad to find an
honest picture dealer.n Seven years estab-
lished- WHITNEY & Co.
3o-42t NORWICH, CONN.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13

When a dog banks at night in
japan the owner Is arrested and
sentenced to work a year for the
neighbors that were disturbed
The dog gets off easier, being sim.
ply killed. Onr enlightened coun.
try has still many things 10 learn
from that more favored but less
civilized people.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION
PHILADELPHIA, PA.

TIME Great International Exhibition, de-
Il signed to commemorate the one hun
dredth Anniversary of American Indepen-
tions of the world and all the states and Ter
ritories of the Union are participating in this
wonderful demonstration, bringing together
the most comprehensive collection of art
treasures, mechanical inventions. scientific
discoveries, manufacturing achievements,
mineral specimens, and agricultural pro-
ducts ever exhibited. The grounds devoted
to the Exhibition are situated on the line OF
the Pennsylvania Railroad and embrace four
hundred and fifty acres of Paramount Park
all highly improved and ornamental, on
which are erected the largest buildings ever
constructed-fiye of these covering an area
of fifty acres and costing S. 100000. The total
number of buildings erected for the purposes
Of the Exhibition is near two hundred. Dur
ing the thirty days Immediately following
the opening of the Exhibition million and
rf<a ref IL --saf tai
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13

.BEATTY'S Celebrated &c S Gold
organs are highly rocommenAed by Prof o.
Il munger Rev. A II. Jellcy, Baltimore.
Md Prof. John u, Rowland, Rev s. Domer.
washington, ID e; q s. Dysart, bloomfield
Iowa; G. w; Robinson, Prof Johnston. Pnfia,
in use. send stamp for extended lisf Of teSfi-
monials be1ore buying prior organ. Agents
wanted everywhere. Address, Daniel y.
AseAtty' washington n. j. 45-1y
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
REPAIRING BUILDINGS.

-sseT--s EEAAhANO blALllNOSs
Nothing shows. the lack of en-
ergy and good management of a
farmer more than to find his
GIi-3-ngs leaky, and out of repair,
specially those in which he win
ters his live stock. For instance,
you stall your cows, oxen and
horses in barn, the boards OF
which are placed vertically, with
40 battens over the cracks, which
are about half an inch wide. You
might almost as well leave them
out of doors, so for as warmth is
concerned; and the result is that
it requires one-third more feed to
winter your stock in good condi-
ton than it would if your barn
was built warm as it should be.
Every animal Will require at
least five dollars worth more feed
during the winter, in consequence
of the open condition of the barn,
while the entire expense of max
ing the whole barn warm and
comfortable would not equal the
loss that one sustains. in a single
winter with his stock not properly
sheltered. Suppose you place a
steam engine in a warm cellar,
and another like it out of doors
on q cold winter day. Is it not
evident that it would require
much more fuel TO get up steam in
3 th0Sboilerso of the, out door engine
than In that Of the lone in the
cellar? So it is with your cattle
horses, swine, DC. When kept
warm they require less food, and
as hay and grain are money,
9 every farmer who neglects to pro-
vide warm quarters for his stock
throws money away.
LEAKY ROOFS.
When 4 man allows any building
to have leaky roof beyond the
summer months, he needs to have
q friend to give him a few words
ofgood advice-to tell him how his
hay in his barn is badly injured;
how his carriage and harness are
damaged by leak In hisE wagon
house; how his hogs lie in the
mIre, in Consequence of leaky
roof; and how his sheep suffer
from the drippings of the water
during cold storms, through the
roof of their sheds. Farmers, now
is the time to attend to these
leaky roofs, and also to other
needed repairs, as leaks in all
buildings cause more or less de-
cay in their frames, till in u few
years new plates, stills, &c, are re-
CURED. costing perhaps ten times
the expense OF stopping the leak.
GOOD wHIrEWAsH.
When OIL paint cannot be afFor-
ded for fences and out houses, a
good whitewash will look wei
and be durable. The following
wash is excellent:
that of the Empire, to which the
Republicans retort that the in
creased expenditure is owing to
the recklessness of the empire,
which increased the public burdens
and lost all the Taxpayers of Al
SAGE and Lorraine. The wealth of
the French people, especially after
the exhaustlng drain produced by
the Eranco-German war, shows a
most remarkable degree of thrift
and absence of extravaganza,
which have not usually been con-
sidered Characteristic of them.
The currency of France is a pa
per one, legal tender for all debts
due to either private parties or
the government, and interconvert-
ible at par with the government
bonds. In fact, it is practically
the interconvertible bond and
greenback urged by the paper
money fanatics" of the United
States.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13

DID ATTvsC Celebrated Cold
,D140A \ - en- Tongue Par
as the leading organ now in use. Fer the
Church, Sabbath School, Dodge or Parior they
have no superior throughout the world. We
challenge any manufacturer to equal them
for sweetness and volume of tone. Where we
have no agents we will allow any one wish
ing to buy the agents discount. Agents
wanted everywhere. Send stamp for list of
testimonials and circular OF this wonderful
music producing instrument. Address, DAN
lei F. BEATTY. Washington, n. J. 45-ly
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
For Centennial excursion BUSINESS
So PER DAY.

NNHIS is of course a low estimate for travel
l. ing expenses, yet half or a third of it
is worth saving. Now ii time isn't money
what is it? In saving time you save money
in saving distance you also save money. For
instance, You wish to go to Fort Scott, Kan
sas, or to some town or city in the Neosho val
ley; by taking the M, h. n L. route, through
the city of Sedalia, Mo-, you actually save be-
tween the Mississippi river and Fort Scott,
Kansas. eighty-four miles OF travel. That Is
to say, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas railway
from either Quincy, Hannibal, or St Louis,
and intermediate points, is from seventy to
ninety miles shorter than any other railway
or line of railways. Therefore you save
money by taking the NJ. 4. & T. route. Your
meals and other expenses will run up to 50 90
per day, before you know it. Hence your
wisest and most economical plan, in order to
reach Fort Scott, Parsons, Chanute, Hum
boldt. NeOshO Falls, EmpOria, junction City,
or any other point in Kansas, or the Neosho
valley, is to take advantage Of the short route
via Sedalia. Mo-, and the NJ, X q II. railway.
1t naturally lessons your expenses. and every
person of good sense can readily see the point.
1t is plain as
The Nose On Your Face.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
EAlpORIA NEW S.
81 ~. oCroBER ID, SIC.
Rurnl Topics.

Written for the News by a
farmer and fruit grower of great
practical experience
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
=. B o r r . n,
Real Estate Agent,
EMPoRIA. KANSAS,

Pays Taxes, redeems lands sold for taxes. WIN
notify parties amount OF tax due In
time to save penalty.
Send New York exchange or P. o. order.
Tax receipts sent by return mail a.
receipt of money.
Enclose stamp, description of lands anu
post Office address.
REAL ESTATE BOUGHT AND SOXE
ON COMMISSION.
Call on or address,
E. BORTON.
EmpOria. Lyon county, Kaa.
The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1876-10-13
BEWARE Of IMIrArIoNs.

The genuine DR. c. McLANE's
LIVER PHLs are never sugar coated.
Every box has rcd wax seal on
the lid, with tie impression DIR
McLANE's LIVER Pills.
80 The genuine M"L-ANE's, LIVER
Ef .SPsi.Is. bear the signatures Of c.
,McLANE and FLEMING Bios. on the
wrappers
.nEanAezr Insist on your druggist or
storekeeper giving you the genuine
DE-, Z. MSLANE's LIVER Pits, pre-
pared I,v-iicninS Bros, Pittsburgh,
Pr. So $40 1J&f4giE
szo r. oll b. allrespeetable druggists
80 s'd t'otintrv storekeepers generally.
ls.er, sis,>e .sshir,: TO give CDR. G. seIAsK's
iiXaN I,.ls lrill, NC ALL mail post paid 60 any
pgrs - shs United States, one box OF Pills for
~ itsesay ,nve ctnss.ta 81 rrif
FLEMING BROS. Pittsburgh. Pa.