New-York tribune., 1876-06-01
THE PEACE OF EUROPE.
RESULTS OF THE Berlin CONFERENCE.


sITUAIDN-BETTER TERMS SECURED Tnf IN
SURGE STs-THE RrCEST ALARM AT CONSTANT
EoPLE-HUssEIN PACHA MADE WAR MINISTER.
lFRoM \ REGULAR CoEBEsPeNDEST or THE TRIBUSEl
LONDoy, MAY 19.-People who are fond OF
dramatic contrasts in politics may hnd one
of very striking character in the Berlin Con
ference and the massacre at Salonica. When
Count Andrassy took his railway ticket for
Berlin, the peace Of Europe already practically
assured far as diplomatic arrangements and agree
ments in outline could assure it, But you cannot
count on what madmen will do and Salonica for the
moment threatened to supersede Berlin. That it
did not, that on the contrary the outbreak of Mus
sulman fury turned to the benefit of the peace party
is proof, and a very strong one. of the strngency
of the union between at least two of the three Pow
whose representatives have been in conference at
the German capital. The stress they lay on tie
Porte must be very great indeed.
Instead of repeating details which must by this
time be familiar to you let ME state the general
view heard last night given by singularly well
informed and siugulaIly able German He hau lately
come from Berlin where he had talked freely with
the men who know best what is going on. 40 as
serts in the most positive terms that nobodyin the
inner circles Of diplomatic life has has had the
least apprehension of immediate war. There has
been but one fearta some such event as that of Sa-
happen; then nobody could say what turn events
might take. 1t is piece of what is called good luck
that they have turned out so well in the Salonica
business-though il would be easy to show how little
luck there Is in the matter. Putting accidents
aside, the whole situation is, in the Berlin view,
clear and simple. There but difficulty lest
Russia should not know her own mind, and that diff
fculty vanished when the Says got the upper hand
in St. Petersburg councils and the invasion OF Mon
tenegr0 by Turkey was stopped. When Russia knew
what she wanted she got it. Size became aud must
remain the arbiter Of the situation. That
is position which Germany holds nomi
nally but the relations between Germany and
Russia are such that Germany must side with Rus
sia, if Russia and Austria, the two parties most
directly interested in the Eastern question, cannot
come to terms Of themselves That Russia and
Austria should unite against Germany Is asugses-
ton which needs only 10 be mentioned to be dls-
missed The need of Germany, the hard necessities
of her position, make the maintenance and contlnu-
ance of a GOOD understanding between her and Rus
sia indispensable. When therefore a question
arises. il is practically answered by the adherence of
the two Northern POvers. Neither Of them wants
war. That Austria should take up arms against the
two is impossiile. And in those simple but undeni-
able propositions lies the best guarantee of European
peace.
This may sound like an echo from Prince Bis
marck's Cabinet but il II not. hy friends opinion
is an opinion formed out of many the result of a
good deal OF inquiry; and, as | understand IL sub
stntally the opinion held by the great majority Of
diplomatsts in Berlin, from whatever country they
come He is himself disciple nor admrer of tie
great Chancellor.
A. for the direct result Of the conference II seems
slight enough yc enough. truce for eight weeks,
a.. s..t. "a hat nrF fns
IA expected 10 accept account of the agreement
undoubtedly arrived at. There is nothing outwardly
to show that tho insurgents wll agree to this truce
any moro than to tho truce Baron Rodlch tried to
patch MP. But all the circumstances are changed.
The insurgents now understand that they arc 20 bc
supported. not sacrificed, and they Will probably ac-
ccp from the hands OF friend the proposals they III
dIgnant'y rejected whcn enemy sought To enforce
them. They are not asked 10 lay down thcir arms.
The hndrassy note il is indeed saId is to be adhered
to as basis, but il is 10 be supplemented by
those guarantees which were excluded from 1t,
and without which the insurgents have all
along rightly regarded IL as snare.
They are not asked to trust TO Turkish promises. IL
has been found last that there is good in ask
ing that The Turkish troopj are to be concentrated
in camps or garrison towns, aud their movements
are practically TO be under the control of comuis
Turks should have opted this humiIia;Ing condi
ton and put their savage sodery under some sort
Of trant shows that very strong language indeed
has been used at Cons,aBtinope. IL Is concession
10 the insurgents of their main point. The others,
such as compensation for losses and security Tor the
future win be readily managed.
IL was thought 10 he "A most diScouragng fact that
a change of Ministry should have occurred at Con-
stantinopc wlo these negotiations were gong on.
II certainly looked very squay for while. ! take
the telcgrams fsom The lines correspondent at
Constantinoplc, sent 10y way of Odessa and Athens,
10 have been perfectly true. The effort made TO
contradict them broke down, and finally became an
effort 10 soften the force of them. The panic was
sad To have been exaggerated. IL Is very clear
from other sources tina. it was not exaggerated You
will bear in mind that no dispatches can be ior-
warded direct except such the Govern
ment permits, and that the Government
suppresses every telegram not favorable to itself.
Mr. Gallcnga is a man who knows Turkey and the
Turks a Journalist of great experience, and long
trusted member of The Times staff. He would not
have been il he had amused himself by sen ding SEN
sational stories. lie is quite incapable oil wiiliui
exaggeration, and most unlikely to have been I'M
posed upon How could he BET He lives, and for
many months past has lived, among the very popu-
latiom-thc foreigners ut Constantinope-whos
alarm he describes. Nor is any distinct assertion oi
his now denied. Ii is admitted there was demon
stration by the Softas the students OF law ana dl-
vnty whose strange power over affairs OF State mas
been so suddenly brought tolght. Ii ~ adnittedthat
the Mussulman population armed themselves; ihat
the armorers' shops were all sold out that not III
Constan;inope alone but in some OF the other chief
cities of the Turkish Empire, massacre OF Chris
tians was contemplated. The salonca outbreak
,, ~, may nat have formed mart of the scheme but