New-York tribune., 1876-09-07


by not by legislation On the part of
m the douIie standard however desirable 1t may be,
Is ua tainable Dy of tn changng relations OF
the two metals in the market The practical question TO
be considered is, whether the united etas sna auoP'
III Objections TO the plan lsupposng specie payments
restor d. are a. That 1t would cause the united
States to purchase large amount of silver at moro than
1t ia worth for the bneht OF SPECTATORS ceny
ers (2 That it would diminish tie vane or purchasing
power OF wages and fixed inc 81 That It would
make all deposits banks, trust companies ana IRE IN
valuable than that in which such deposits were made
a. That it would give MS less stable currency han we
now have judged by the experience OF the past Few
years and therefore make the business OF the country
more a game of chance than 1t is at present.
Nv. The advantages claimed for IT are visionary ana
dusve and do not in any case offset the foregoing oD
jections. 81. .,ou .,,
not restore specie payments 1t would merely cause
reeubacks aud national bank notes to decline III value,
sdde sdd tS te IN other greSnbaeks the
batous Of sver- e. Of the metal In which they are re-
deenable.
VI RECOMMENDATION without specie resumption will not
bring any additional silver into USE and hence VII not
sustain the price OF that metal or cheek Its decline
WITH specie resumption, it will bring into use only so
much the habits of people Will enable US toAeTy
in circulation. This would probably be enough 10
canse temporary advance in the price OF silver anu e
able Otner nation TO change To the gOld SandarI
to accumulate on the market and then the decline oil
price would recommends, and would be permanent ul-
VII. The OF silver currency will not cause bus-
to revive since presupposes the purchase OF
large amount of silver Duon which, in lts cuCct upon
business, Of the nature as an additional tax
Such tax might be prohtaby paid for the
of superior tool Tor the transaction OF business Dut not
viii The adoption of the silver standard without the
use of silver currency will not bring better umes Dut
rather reverse, 1t will introduce new element
of uncertainty into businesstnat is 1t VIII stu iurtuer
TX Allowing that all is true which is said concerning
the evils of the universal demonstration OF silver (Which
is yet long way on they such asthe United states
alone cannot possibly prevent ana can scarcely fe5tu
We at least keep ourselves clear OF any large share
of the loss 10y having any great stock of silver on
hand when the predicted crash comes.
X 1t behOOvcs who have no such stock on hand 10
suffer loss by to await OF events TO what
other nations likely TO do and especially to take time
TO study question in is economic aspects instead OF
arguing 1t exclusively in its legal aspects Ii may lie
very fascinating this idea of paying the interest on the
public debt in silver; but IL it foot up loss TO the
aver well as the payee few persons VIII be In favor
OF it,
QUESTIONS OF CRIME AND LABOR.
George F. Angel of Boston read paper on the In
crease and Prevention of Crime" Mr. Angel began by
noticing the fact that crime has than doubled in
I'm past years. the confined
in 1875 numbering 10000. The proportion of crime to
population in Massachusetts, is now something like
33 per cent higher than it is In ireland. and life
and property moro insecure in this country to-day
than in italy, where nearly twenty millions OF the
people can neither read nor write In Discussing the
forms in which this increase OF crime lntesed ltso
Mr. Angel pOticed the adulleratOn OF food and drugs
and medicines The remedy for tins and kindred WRONGS
ives, rigid laws. Coming down to the details OF tne
question, How shall VIC stop crneP Mr.. Angel said
aIvising ana projecting B. poor and seeing proper
laws for the protection Of health and the security OF lie
and property enacted and enforced
W. Jiugst's paper on the "Socia Task OF the Second
Centuay the United States" showed wide reading and
extensive study If social themes and social experiments
IL presents rather dlscOnragng view OF the present
condition Of American society. The belief IN authority
In political and social nstil utions ia shaken the old faith
in religion is disappearing the respect for age and family
relations is broken, both the material and the mental
lite OF society put stake. II Is terrible, gigantic
struggle which our time has To overcome u we are not
akaa are n
believe that an increase of wages or
would restore peace and harmony. The wage question
Ia only secondary Tnere aIe other causes OF dssatsc
tion II is the contrast between belief and unble be-
tween ideaism and mateIiasm, liberty ana equality,
nunism which revolutionzug time. One OF these
contrasts would b. sufficient 10 excite and arouse mo
The multitude facts with winch Mr.. Jdngsrs paper is
crowded may state some of the points winch he pro
century OF our republic The establishment OF
harmony between Church and religion, Church
and State, and the revival OF the religious
sntim nt the introduction OF school system which
shall refine morals aud elevate aims In public life; tue
introduction Of specie payments and revenue tar the
reform Of evil service the strict enforcement or
law tie establishment Of boards OF Cancellation aud ar
DitratiOn in each OF the State with the ecia functions
of publishing annual reports OF the statistics OF labor
and commerce.; tue intro luctoh OF factory laMs, re-
sr1rtng the factory work 0i younS caure, Hilis ana
women, andentirey f0rbdding that OF malred women
shortening OF the honrs Of factory Soraa0oGt % IN
tie week-and prohibition OF Work on sundays ana st-
uIday afternoons; increased facilities for The Working
and the utmost limitation OF divorce.
MUNiCIPAL TAXATION AND AN ELECTIVE JUDICIARY.
Daniel L. Harris OF Springfield contributed timely
paper on Municiral Extravaganza" Mr.. Harris has
brought great variety Of facts TO the illustration Of Ills
subject taken from the experience OF the most prom
inent cities in Massachusetts, These facts and figures no
has arranged in tables which valuable contribution
10 the subject OF municipal reform. Some OF the striking
facts disclosed these tables that at the outbreak
of the war in 1861 the actual cost OF MANAGING the n
Boston, and including Je pdy ment OF county and state
averaged only 80 "a per caplia secondly mat IN
1878 they had become less than SIT IL per capita.
In 1861 the combined funded debt OF ai ths Cites was
1875 the debt had risen 10 $S4 ID apiece
contemplating these Obligations in the aggregate they
amounted ST. 100000. ana M 1879 TO S7O,JOOOO the
increase being $50 900 In IA years. second table
shows the aggregate vaiuadOn amount OF taxes, and
amount Of the funded debt Of Is Of the most prominent
cities OF the Union The Developments OF the table,
says Mr.. Harris, simply astonnd ng. Behold New
City submitting 10 annual tax OF more than $3i
amount of averaging $l26 for every man, woman,
aud Guild Of the population. Most OF these cities,
seems taxed fOr current annual expenses far beyond
the entire earnings OF their respective population
Mr. Harris concludes that the average net earnings or
accumulatioDs OF all the individuals OF city do pot
exceed $40 per capita, and that the proper an
naal tax for detTying the cost Of managing
the question how the people have met tie high taxes
Of the & n sa S S y arT SeS ~ eTe wa
steady initiation in the market value of aii property,
aud especially OF Ieal estase an , Ie ~ Crtes, Aii9
this is changing now, and contraction is fairly
under way. HencciOrth the local taxes, when paid
be pad out of the current net earnings OF accum
iations % the people, ana IT viii be found that the
Legitimate tax per capita, Nllch detained before the
war; quite heavy burden as the people are able to
bear.
In the Judiciary Section this morning papers
read by Prof. W. c. Hammond OF Iowa Oh /" Legal Edu
cation by George A. Mate, esq, Of Washington &C,
on "Certain Proposed Changes III American Law
schools :" and by D'rman b. Eaton o. Hew-York on
Elective judiciary" II would be difficult in an ab-
sract to justice to the scope and contents OF these
ualers They were necessarily technical. MI EatUn5
Rpan.r oi,nad ~ show the danger of dcparLure