davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
Curious FlOgging Custom.

THERE is portion of Avenue B, in
this city, inhabited almost solely by
those clannish people, the Czechs.
Their quarter is not so savory as the
Fifth avenue, nor are the inhabitants
so clean and orderly. On the contrary,
they are dirty and careless of their APP
pearance, and consume an inordinate
quantity of beer and tobacco. Re
Gently Il city missionary discovered
curious custom among the New York
Czechs. They are blessed with innu-
merable children, who are huddled to-
gether in tenement houses as thick as
burs in a haystack. These children
sense Of mischief which makes their
foreign parents an extraordinary
amount of trouble. Workingmen and
workingwomen as they are, there is no
time to spare to govern refractory
children, and accordingly Il tlogging-
master is employed, to whom the I'M
ruly youths of both sexes are regular
ly sent to be flogged. The logging
master lives in the sixth story of Il
tenement-house, and administers the
rod with unsparing hand. The chill
dren are afraid of him, and live in
constant fear of being sent to his room.
The fellow who filed this office for
three years received about ten cents Il
week from an hundred families for
his services us child-whipper, and the
discovery of his occupation would
probably have been long deferred but
for the fact that he tried to swindle
one of his patrons out of the magnili-
cent sum of $3.l5. The Society for
the Prevention of Cruelty to Children
have taken the matter in hand.-
". Y. Cor. ChicagO Tribune.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
Leap Year Fun.

A CORRESPONDENT describes curl
Gus and amusing feature in fashiona-
bic life among the mountains of
Switzerland. \ party was devised by
some American girls, which was to
combine the attractions of leap-vear
with the sport of April fool day. The
ladies dubbed together, and bought
species of coarse muslin through which
nothing would show. and each lady
took dress to make. trimming it with
her own lace and ribbons and flowers.
The dresses were returned to the
market at the end of the evening The
object was a leap-year yarty. The
gentlemen were to be dressed us ladies.
and to behave as ladies: and the ladies
were to affect a masculine semblance
and appearance, and We're to behave
like men-not difficult feat to many
Americans Of whom have heard. The
ladies wore black dresses and wigs.
false boards and mustacheS. etc, and
shirt fronts; while the gentlemen wore
the dresses made by the ladies, to
which | have just alluded. All this
took place at one of the fashionable
hotels in a sheltered spot among the
mountains, and on the first of April.
My informant, who is over six feet in
height, and looks even taller by reason
of his slenderness, Wore a mauve mus
lin dress, he told me, trimmed with
white lace, and a Louis XIV. white
wig, with red nose in it, white
gloves and a fan. He added eve
sat round the room just like ladies,
smirking and chatting, and waiting to
be asked to Dance which would indi-
cate low opinion of women's graces.
These fictitious ladies were presented
with bouquets, and my friend received
= card-case from one of his partners,
and an eye-glass-which she had worn
during the masquerade-from another
Coffee with salt, and cake full of wool.
were handed round to the guests, fol-
lowed later by stern realities. The
dancing was wild, it appears, for the
nobler sex could not manage the trains
which women twist about with infinite
deXterity, and the ladies' chain was
chaos! After two hours masque-
rade, the gentlemen could bear the in
cubus of their disguise no longer, and
retired to assume their ordinary ap-
pearance with infinite relief. That F..
was how April fools day was kept in
one Swiss retreat by a cosmopolitan /.
composed of Russians,
Americans, Poles. Germans, Italians /
and Britishers. ~. Y. Home Jour- |
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
The Value of Il Trade.

The old story of the uncertainty of
riches and the Importance of learning
a trade is brought to mind by the fol-
lowing, which appeared in recent
number Of the New York Ledger:
Karl Frostern, the old nailmaker of
Luben, in Silccia, was a jolly, story
telling man. who sang at his work,
and whose busy hammer made merry
music.
Not far away lived Herr Won
kobcn, Il wealthy land owner, whose
only son, when not at school. was wont
to come to the nailer's, where he would
sit by the hour and watch the bright
sparks as they flew i'll showers from
the ringing anvil.
"COme, Master Conrad" said the
mailer, one day, in jolly mood "why
not set the world an example? Show
them that the son of Il rich man can
learn a trade. Who knows but that it
may profit you one of these days.
The youth fell in with the humOr of
the thing: and, pulling off his fine
jacket, he dOnned a leathern apron,
bright, quick lad, and, when he had
once attempted to make a nail, he had
pride to make it well: and 50 it came
to pass that ere long he could make
shoe nails as deity and as we'll as could
old Karl.
Time passed on, and Herr Won KOhen
died, leaving his great wealth to his
son Conrad. A few years thereafter
the armies of Frederick came sweep
ing through Silecia, and Conrad's in
heritance was lost. In poverty lie
wandered away toward the mountains
of Bohemia, until he came to Il town
where Il host of ShOemalIers were at a
stand for want of nails. Shoes were
In great demand for the soldiers, and
a great price was offered for nails.
Here thought Conrad, "is my OPP
portunity. Let us see how my trade
will serve me-"
And he told the shoemakers if they
would help him to shop and forge,
he would make nails for them. They
furnished him what was required, and
he went at the work in earnest. He
made better nails than had ever before
been seen in that section. He took ap-
prentices, and enlarged his shop, and
in time Won Koben's nails were de-
manded on both sides of the mountains.
By slow but sure degrees he arose to
opulence as a manufacturer, honored
and respected as the founder of his
own fortune. And it all came. as he
was proud to tell his children in the
after years, from his having learned
trade in his youth-Scientifc Amer-
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
Food for the Mind.

GOOD bread is the staff of life, and
if we lean on that we grow strong
and healthy. If we bring up our chill
dren on plain, wholesome diet, they
grow tall, erect. strong and healthy.
But if we feed them on rich cake and
fancy pastry, and fill their stomach
with all sorts of trash, spiced up to
tempt the appetites beyond what ma
ture requires, their appetites become
depraved, and they loathe the food
best calculated to make them grow
healthy and strong, and, in conse-
quence, they grow pale, poor, puny
and weak. Just so with the mind.
Our minds ought to become clear and
strong, enlightened and elevated.
There is food that is healthy and nu-
tritious for the mind. But the litera-
ry cooks have served the public with
so much highly-seasoned food that the
tastes of their readers, especially that
of the young, have become Initiated,
and they turn with disgust from good,
solid, instructive reading, which would
improve their mental powers, and
make them intellectually strong, and
help them to become useful members
of society. But they eagerly devour
literary pastry, if highly spiced. They
crave sensational reading; romance
and fiction pathetic, comic and trSgic.
And this exciting reading, so stirlE
lating to the brain, is tempting, and
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
INDUSTRIAL, STATISTICAL
AND TECHNICAL.

THE ratio of illiteracy to the total
population of Massachusetts, is larger
than in any other New England State,
being rather over one in every twenty.
LIKE the Illinois Penitentiary, the
State Prison at Auburn, N. y, con-
tains more prisoners now than ever be-
fore, the number at the latter place be-
ing ,433.
A METHOD recommended for remov-
ing moths from carpets is to pour
strong alum water on the floor to a dis
lance of half a yard around the edges
before lacking down. Then OCCASION
ally spread dry salt over the carpet be-
fore sweeping.
CARE should be exercised in hand
ling carbolic acid, as in certain cases it
is IN active poison. A saturated solu-
ton of carbOlc acid in alcohol, with
an equal quantity of water, rubbed
into a scratch on cats nose, has
killed the animal almost as promptly
as prussic acid would have done.
\ NEW cement for uniting metallic
to nop-metallic substances is composed
of thin-made glue mixed to the con-
sistence of thick varnish with wood
ashes. The ashes should be added
gradually to the glue during ebullition,
with constant stirring, and the cement
should be used hot.
IT is rather remarkable that Roman
iron slags are always fond on the tops
of hills, and never in Il valley, where
water power could have been utilized
to effect Il draft. Hence it is inferred
that the Romans never used bellows,
but that they employed the natural
indications are that hollows or shafts
were dug out in the hill top, to which
Il long tunnel was driven from the side
of the hill, against which the prevail
ing wind blew. Through this open
passage way to the bottom of the
furnace there would be a strong draft,
which could have been utilized for
blower puTpoSeS-a very inefficient
process, and attended with great loss
of iron, which must have been left in
the slag.-N. Y. Sun.
ONE of the easy things of this world
which are not often found in these
times, is the lampblack manufacturing
establishment near New Cumberland
in this State, where the carbon is
formed by burning numerous Jets of
natural gas against slabs Of SOapStOne,
suspended over the flame. The firm
have five lines of pipe containing two
thousand gas burners, all supplied from
Il gas well that presents no indication
at present of failing. The collected
carbon is Scrapcd off every twenty
minutes by a sliding knife under which
hangs car to receive the substance,
the whole operated by a small engine
requiring the attendance of but one
man. AS about two hundred pounds
of product are secured daily which
sells for seventy or eighty cents a
pound, the concern may be looked upon
us small bonanza. IVheeling (W.
I0.) standard.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
Schenckss Sea Weed Tonic.

In the atmosphere experienced here during the
summer months the lethargy produced by the heat
takes away the desire for wholesome food and fire.
quent Preparations reduce bodily energy. partiCu-
ary those suffering from the effects OF facilitating
diseases. In order to keep natural heahful activ
ity of the system we must resort to artificial
means. For this purpose Schencks Sea Weed
Tonic is very etfectual A few doses will create
an appetite and give fresh vigor to the enervated
body. For dyspepsia it is invaluable. Many emf
nent physicians have doubted whether dyspepsia
can be permanently cured by the drugs which are
generally employed for that purpose. The Sea
Weed Tonic, in its nature, is totally different from
such drugs. 1t contains no corrosive minerals or
acids in fact, it assists the regular operations OF
nature and supplies her deficiencies. The Tonic in
its nature so much resembles the gastric juice that
it is almost identical with that fud The gastric
juice is the natural solvent which, in healthy
condition of the body, causes the food to be di-
gested and, when this Julce is not excreted in suf
cient quantities, indigestion, with all its distress
ing symptoms, follows. The Sea Weed Tonic per
forms the duty of the gastric juice when the latter
is deficient. Scbenck's Sea Weed Tonic sold by
sill Druggists.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13

settled, with habits formed, the Ma
ton passes as it were from prepara-
tory growth to responsible develop
ment of character and the steady per-
Torrance of duty. What labors await
it, what trials shall attend it, what
triumphs for human nature, what
glory for itself, are prepared for this
people in the coming century, we may
not assume to foretell. Zone genera
ton passeth away, and another genera
ton cometh, but the earth abideth for
ever" and we reverently hope that
these, our constituted liberties, shall
be maintained to the amending line of
our posterity, and so long as the earth
itself shall endure.
In the great procession of nations,
in the great march of humanity, we
hold our place. Peace is our duty,
peace is our policy. In its arts, its la
bors and its victories, then, we find
scope for all our energies, rewards for
all our ambitions, renown enough for
presence of 50 many nations. which,
by their representatives, have done us
the honor to be witnesses of our COM
memorative joy and graduation, and
in sight of the collected evidences of
the greatness of their own civilization
with which they grace our celebration,
we may well confess how much we
fall short, how much we have to make
up, in the cumulative competitions of
the times. Yet, even in this presence,
and with a just Difference to the age,
the power, the greatness of the other
nations of the earth, we do not fear to
appeal to the opinion of mankind,
whether, as we point to our land, our
people and our laws, the contemplation
should not inspire us with lovers
enthusiasm for our country.
Time makes no pauses in his march.
Even while speak the last hour of
the receding is replaced by the first
hour of the coming century, and rev.
erence for the past gives way to the
| joys and hopes, the activities and the
| responsibilities of the future. 4
hundred years hence the piety of that
generation will recall the ancestral
glory which we celebrate to-day, and
crown it with the plauditS of vast
population which no man can number.
BY the mere circumstance of this peri
Odicity our generation viii be in the
minds, in the hearts, on the lips of our
countrymen at the next centennial
commemoration i'll comparison with
their own character and condition and
with the great founders of the Ma
ton. What shall they say of us?
How shall they estimate the part we
bear in the mbroken line of the
Nations progress? And SO on, in the
long reach of time. forever and for
ever, our place is the secular roll of
criticism. Under this double trust,
then, from the past and for the future,
let us take heed to our ways, and,
while it is called to-day, resolve that
the great heritage we have received
shall be handed down through the long
line of the advancing generations, the
home of liberty, the abode of justice,
the stronghold of faith among men,
(which holds the moral elements of
the world together" and of faith in
God, which binds that world to His
throne.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13

they read too much. The consequence
is, their minds become dwarfed and
sickly. They gain no real knowledge,
but the brain is weakened, the memo
ny ruined, and intellectual vigor de-
stroyed; and these mental dyspeptics
are about as unfit to grapple with the
stern realities of life as worn-out,
haggard, physical dyspeptic is to en-
dure the hardships of a soldiers life in
campaign against the Modocs.-C
Maine Farmer.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
Planting Trees in the Fall.

THE question as to whether spring
or fall is the better season for planting
has been much discussed, and the con-
clusion reached has generally been that
in Western New York and similar eli
mates one is about as good as the 9TH
er. My experience with hardy fruit
and deciduous ornamental trees is in
favor of fall. 1t is true that we have
an occasional severe winter when fall
planted trees suffer, but these are of
rare occurrence.
Last fall, quite late, after the hurry
of the season was all over, l planted
several hundred dwarf pear trees. Aft
er planting the earth was drawn up
around the base, say six or more inch
es above the level of the ground to
give protection to the roots and stiffen
the tree against the force of the wind.
To-day, May %, | had the earth around
the trees removed to the ground level,
and find vigorous new roots, three to
five inches in length, spreading in all
directions from the ounce stock. The
tops are also pushing rapidly, and in
the whole planting of 800 trees there
is not failure.
1t is easy to see what an advantage
these trees have over those planted
this spring, even under the most favor
able circumstances the latter. In
spring planting it often happens that
a long period of cold weather and dry
ings winds follows the planting, and
the trees get seriously dried before the
growing season opens, or a dry and
warm period comes before the roots
have acquired vigor enough to sustain
the tree; under such adverse influence
they either die or linger along feebly
all summer.
We must take some risk in planting
at any season, but, on the whole, l
think the chances are in favor of the
fall for hardy deciduous trees.-P.
Barry, in american Rural Home.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
Killed and Wounded in Ancient
and Modern Warfare.

AT the battle of Talavera, 1900, the
loss in killed and wounded was one
eighth of those engaged. At Auster-
litz, 1905, it was one-seyenth. At
Malplaquet, 1909, at Prague, 1859, and
at Jena, 1906, it was one-SiXth. At
Friedland, 1907, and at Waterloo, 1878,
one-fifth. AT Marengo, 1900, it amount
ed to one-fourth. At Salamanca, 1872,
out of 10000 combatants 10000 were
killed and wounded. AT Borodino,
1872, out of 100000, sc, 200 fell on the
two sides. At Leipsic, 1913, the
French sustained loss of one-third Of
their total effective. At Preusslch
Eylau, 1907, $4,000 were killed and
wounded out of combined total of
100000 combatantS, giving a loss Of
more than One-third; while at Iorn-
dorf, 1853, the most murderous battle
which history records in modern times,
out of $4,000 Russian and Prussian
troops engaged, $4,000 were stretched
upon the field at the close of the day.
Let us now come to more recent times.
The first great battle in which ritled
firearms were used was SOlferinO,
1859, and when the war broke out it
was confidently predicted that the eff
fects of the new weapon would be
frightful; but the loss actually fell to
one-eleventh of those engaged. At
KoniggratZ, where, in addition to
ritled weapons, one side was armed
with breeCh-lOadcrs, the actual loss was
further diminished to one-fifteenth.
Finally we come to the last war, in
which the proportions were: Worth,
one-eleventh; Gravelotte, one-twelfth,
and Sedan, one-tenth. These figures
may surprise many who, not unnatur-
ally, imagined that improved weapons
entailed increased slaughter. 1t is not
intended to imply that battles are still
not sanguinary, but it is incOntestible
that they are much less so than they
were HdcmHIQH MNqnziHe.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
"GOD rs EVERYWHERE"

ALL within and all without us,
Never-ccasing whispers tell
That spirit hangs about us
Working with an unseen spell.
In the solemn hour OF ycSpers,
In the busy hour Of care,
Steal the soul-reviving whispers
God is everywhere"
Walk within the pleasant wildwood
in the Spring refreshing hours,
When the merry song OF childhood
Float'th ON the breath OF flowers
There's whisper ever stealing
Ihro' the young leaves on the Air,
This delightful truth revealing
God is every" here"
Go beside the restless ocean
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
TIE CATS WHO WENT TO LAW.

Two FELISEs had managed to seize
So tempting piece of old cheese
That they quarreled about the division.
Twas so solid and awkward in shape
That they called in learned old ape
And agreed to accept his decision.
After coughing and scratching his pate,
Said he: 'We'll divide it by weight"
The balances swayed like a see-saw,
As he bit from the left and the right,
TIL, alarmed at the size of each bite.
His clients remembered old Esau
"There'll be nothing for us, sr!n they cried,
If that is the way you divide
He grinned like mask at a revel.
IF justice be done to each cat,
This side must be equal to that
And the scales here hang perfectly level
1--WE care less for justice than cheese
And they tried the remainder to seize.
Cried the Ape: That's my fee, dears.n
The moral:
You'll be sure to lose more than you gain,
In delay and vexation and pain,
AT the law, though You win in the quarrel.
Helen AageIt Goodwin, In " T. Indepeadem
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13

of sound into electricity and its recon-
version into sound. Its inventor claims
for it the possibility of telegraphlng
the sounds of the human voice or any
other sounds, and demonstrated his
claim by sending audible messages, pro-
nounced by himself or one of the judges
through the wire, which were received
with all the distinctness Of the original
utterance
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-07-13
CENTENNIAL JOTTINGS.

Nr,prv all +bo ooods in +bo Row,
tior do,,,,.t,,,o,,+ bo,.o Ioo,, .o1J
o,.;o r1,1 J., 81.
.,;,;4.. ,I,:... e .:~...
itors
TIE snaci,oens Of hntto,.1ios in +bo
RraziIian cxbiIit avcitn tha wonder If
viSit,rS
Tur A,norioon di,nlov If iou-o1r,- !,
fuIIv eouaI in dasio, and vo,,l,monsbin
+, any foraigr evbih;t
a.. ro,-nu g a., . -
hovo finished +boir ,rorI- and oro ro.d,.
ia ronort when called for Inv tho Con,-
mission
~,-urrp of F1or;d, no,,bo,. for
toisps have been received at the Aori-
cultural Department for the actuarial
DISPLAY.
CANADA has erecteda beautiful arch
at the entrance of its exhibit. which
forms quite an object Of interest in the
British section.
TIE dispIav of Canadian insects is
said TO be one of thp finest at the Cen
tennial. affording an excellent oppor-
tunity for study.
IN Memorial hall is \ beautifuI
mosaic rppresentinp the "Ruins of
PRstum:" if is COMPOSED of 700 600
small cubes of enamel
An object of immense interest in the
Italian department is a table inlaid
with mother-of-pparI rcpresenting
Milan Cathedral bv MOONLIGHT
JT is said that one-haIf the axhihitors
in Machinery hall and ona-tbird of
those in the Main building will he
awarded bronze medals.
TUE exbihit of tbe portroroso
colonies of Africa has inst hoen onanod
in the A oricuIturaI buildino and offers
an INTERESTING and Instructive disnlar
In the Tunisian exhihit can he soon
= mosaic taken from, tho Temn1a of
Diana at Cartbaoa II ORIGINALLY FORM
ed part of the floor of the temnle and
is at least 600 wears old
Dur, ,,,, -,,o ioo+,oa
+nrho,od ,Inss,,1n,an a;s+,.;hrt;, 49,.
cuIars on Chestnut street = few davs
400 was mortified at fine exclamation
g. R1ast ver sowl' do viz take me- for q
raIe Turrukr'
x+ba 11,,aorio, don,r+,or+ T.
oborda,io, oon,noood ontiro1, of oIo.r
ond c1nrdod or,hor AVID ,,,rod ~
SIS, 900. 1t is said to be the most ex-
pensive piece of work of this descrip-
ton in the world.
vrxrz1-r1 evbihits at tho conten-
NAL FORTY varieties of fruit nreservad
in their natural state in alcobol. also
free san nossessinp tbe color taste
and if is said all the nutritive nroner-
ties of cows milk
r,,r od;oo1 doror+on+ -, +ho
o,.,,,,,1. l,,c roao;,,od o,dor, f,.o,,, H.
Cor+o,nioI o,tbor;tios 70 ,ri+bbo1d oil
inforn,at;a,, fron, ronortors +hosi1Ir
Moo +h,t tho nrblioat;on Of tbis sort
Of info,n,,+ion would fond toLoon MOO
pie AWAY from the Exhibition.
4 c1rpro,-s raapar from Soutb An
strain is shown in Agricultural Hall |
~ a., ron4o;.l Thoro aro l;,os
ah,ut II tho beads of or,in boinn
knockad off after PASSING between long