davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
Tn. Deadlock 1t washington.

The appropriation deadlock is blunder,
a serious blunder. 1t is not question of
reform, but of party tactics. This is not the
way to carry on great government. We
must keep the machine running somehow,
and thus far we have seen no approach to
real reform. The way to cut down expenses
is to go into the root Of the whole matter.
1t is a small business to pare down sala-
ries. Instead Of paying too much, in some
branches of the administration we do not
pay enough. Thus, wherever money is col
lected or disbursed, wherever justice Is to be
dispensed, wherever large hospitalities are
imposed, we should not be niggard in our
payments. Instead of cutting down the
army we should keep large staff. a well
supplied artillery, engineer and ordnance
corps On war footing We need the skele-
ton of an army in the event Of new war.
The staff would be useful in drilling new
soldiers. AS to the navy, we do not need
many ships, but, on the other hand. we
should have large torpedo service. We
have no colonies to protect in Africa
and Australia, and nayal service
will be little more than a service
of ceremony. 1t will be many years before
we shall have commerce to defend, if, in
fact, any commerce can be defended from
maritime enemy. Tho timidity of the COM
mercial mind will drive any marine to a
neutral flag s protection the moment a gun
is fired.
AS to the Indian, now one of the most ex-
pensive branches of the administration, it
will be wise for us to arrest the Indians and
board them at our first class hotels as q
matter of economy. We spend more money
now in the support of the Indians than would
pay this board. The true plan is to make
the Indian the ward of the army There is
no reason why these savages should be al
lowed to wander over the vast and fertile
territories of the West, killing buffalo and
scalping each other. 1t is travesty upon
government to permit this. At the same
time no one wants to kill the Indian or to
carry out the cruel and merciless policy
which has disgraced our civilization In this
let us have broad and generous policy.
We can economic i'll cutting down our
diplomatic service We should do away with
it altogether. We have no need for it on its
present scale. We should reduce the num-
Der of our offices and enforce the collection
Of our revenues. Herein lies true reform.
What is now proposed in Washington is only
political man1uvring for effect upon the
elections. In this sense it is unworthy Of the
Senate and the House. We should never
permit the eMgencies of campaign TO
interfere with the public welfare. This is
what both democrats and republicans are
doing.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

WHEN THE REroRTrIs called on Governor
Hendricks and asked hinf for copies of the
dispatches addressed to him about tho
Vice Presidency the Governor, as became n
high-toned gentleman. said he could not
print them without the consent of the
senders We commend this example to
Governor Tilden, whose secretaries are rush
ing into print with private dispatches in the
most indiscriminate manner As the Gov
ernor is on reform" platform here is q
fine chance for reform.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

adical application of socialistic theories
which hitherto has been the cause of much
suffering and disaster to the wage-earning
class in France. BY all means let the dele
gates aInuse themselves among their country
men, but when they begin their work Of in
quiry into the political and social status of
the working classes in this country let them
seek their information from the real Ameri-
can workingmen.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
The French Workingmeu.

The delegation of French workingmen
which has arrived in this city on their way
to Philadelphia has been captured by o
committee OF workingmen mostly of foreign
origin and strongly suspected of intense
Communistic tendencies. If the visitors
desire 20 gain an accurate knowledge of the
views of the mass of workingmen in the
that element of our population which is
linked by sympathy, if not by affiliation.
with the socialistic republicans of Europe.
No American desires that our visitors should
refuse to renew their old time connection
with the socialists or Communists who NAV
have found home in our midst. or that they
should shut their ears to whatever criticisms
these advocates of social revolution may
offer on our institutions. But in the interest
of the French working classes, who will form
their opinions of moderate republican insti-
tutions 1.-the reports given by their chosen
delegates, Americans wish that the visiting
delegation should come in contact with the
working American population: not neces-
sarily with native born workmen, but, at
least with the masses who have accepted
in good faith the rights and responsible
ties of citizenship and adopted American
ideas on the relations which should exist
between the workingman and his employer.
BY carrying back to the oteliers OF Paris cor
rect ideas on these important roirts thc
saleCa.cs can DO 90 ihtiF fsr aiiA
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

IRE Is A SINGULAR and startling phi
~ in the murder of the newsboy Dolan
day. He was murdered by two other
mply because he undertook to follow
Hing in the downtown wards. which
hers regarded as their exclusive do
This spirit is becoming an absolute
in great cities like New York, and it
ly be eradicated by the stern punish
# the crimes which grow out Of it.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

PAINFUL STORY which is told in the
D this morning of the nine destitute
who were yesterday seeking food and
in this city, but who failed to find
The Turkish Consulate in New York
ssarily only a commercial adornment
metropolis but it seems that the Com
iers of Charities and Correction ought
I'D the same aid to these people that
puld to destitute Germans, French or
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

sDRED THOUSAND CHu.DBKS were
,om the public schools yesterday.
,xt two months ought TO be made
months of recreation and recupera-
ht then term may begin with
erica strengthened for its duties.
magnificent Central Park so
icessible . is not necessary for
take their children to the coun-
those who would extend their ,x-
beyond that splendid reserve will
interesting hooks in the vicinity
ropolis which are not only un-
the tourist but to most New
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

NATIONAL BOARD OF Trade closed its
) yesterday after somewhat ineffec-
eting. Out of congress Of this kind,
ly in crisis like the present, ought
come suggestions which would have
,ed the attention of the Congress of
led States and compelled the respect
political parties. Instead we have
solutions in favor of fast mail trains,
established, and suggestions for
ees to ascertain the very things the
lould be the 6rst to suggest and ad-
The Board was not even prepared
in encouragement of skilled labor
nical education, and its eighth an
ion will have no lasting effects.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

IL STREET YESTERDAY. The activity
strength of the market were chiefly
Western Union and Lake Shore.
was steady at 112 3-S Money on call
at per cent. Government and good
y bonds continue to be in request by
org
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
UNION SQUARE THEATRE.
KES FAMILY. at x L. VI.

UNION SQUARE THEATRE.
KES FAMILY at x T. VI.
PARTISAN VARIETIES.
II. Matinee at = p. VI.
FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE.
NsP. NJ. Fanny Davenport Matinee al 80 r. y.
wALLACK's THEATRE.
GHTY DOLLAR. at 7. NJ. ". Js S'cssHc~
AZ 80 T. N.
GILMoRE's GARDEN.
. CONCERT. at Z. W.
KELLY a LgoN's MINSTRELs
OLYMPIC THEATRE.
DUhPTY. at $ 7. NJ
PARK THEATRE.
RRY Cow. at y p NJ
BowERy THEATRE.
MAEKSMAN, ats +. NJ
CHATEAU MABlLLE VARIETIES.
Il.
THIRD AVENUE THEATRE.
Y at s :lS y. NJ Matinee at y. NJ
WOODS MUSEUM.
WAY AMONG TBB BkIGANDS. at T. ~ Mat
r. NJ.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

A POLICY OF CANCELLATION is in order. Un-
Gle Sammy should come down to New York
and send for all the boys to come to Gram.
ercy Park and conciliate. There was some
hard and heavy hitting at st. Louis. But
now let us have peace.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

ICE TO COUNTRY NEwsDKALHBs. For
and regular deliuery of the HERALD
It mail trains oroers must be sent d,rect TO
ice. Postage free.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

ing the summer months the HERALD ,riU
10 subscribers in the country at the rate
nty-riue cents per ,oeeh, free Of postage.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

POLITICIANS seem TO possess the
,f impracticability wherever they
N Kelly, the New York home
,yed losing game at ST. Louis the
y simply because he was impracti-
/ in the English Parliament yester-
Butt, the Irish home ruler, re-
imilar experiment by asking for a
mmittee to inquire why Ireland
IT have the desired Irish Parlia-
here was no special occasion for
lmand at this time, and any one
a impracticable politician knows
uest too often preferred can only
effect Of preventing its being
!, until long after the time when it
erwise be granted.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

our reports this morning the probabilities
I the ueother to-day ,oiu be partly cloudy.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

We ARE INFORMED that the Honorable John
Morrissey offers to bet all that he is worth
that Tilden will be elected. Wetrust the
Honorable John will be prudent. If Tilden
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
w YORK HERALD
pADWN AND ANN STREET.

ES GORDON BENNETT,
RoPRIEToR
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

The CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION at Phila"
delphia will begin to-day. On Sunday it
will be just one hundred years since the
Declaration Of Independence was adopted,
the Fourth Of July being the day on which
that magma charta was proclaimed to the
people of the American colonies. AS the
hundredth anniversary of its adoption comes
on Sunday the commemorative ceremonies
will take place in Independence Hall to- lay.
In another column will be found the pro-
gramme of the contemplated celebration.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
.TH SUPPL E M E n T

Nv YORK, SATURDAY. JULY |. 1875.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

DAILY HERALD, published erery
a tie year. Foyf cents per copy.
II dollars per yef, or one dollar per
| free of postage
business, new letters or telegraphic
Iehes must by addressed New YORK
ers and packages should be properly
ted Communications will not be re-
The New York herald., 1876-07-01

DELPHIA AOFFICE-NO. 112 SOUTH
H STREET.
On OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK
.ALD-NO. 46 FLEET STREET.
4 OPFICE-AVENUE DE L'OPERA
icriptions and advertisements will be
ID and forwarded on the same terms
ew York.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
Rumor. nom tho East.

The news from Turkey and Servia this
morning is little better than a series of un-
confirmed rumors, most Of them probably
without any foundation in fact. First of al
we have fresh story of the new Sultans
difficulties and report Of his intention to
abdicate Then come tales of Turkish
preparations for war, and terrible lit is re-
ported" about arming eighty thousand
Bashi- Bazouks to menace if not massacre
the Christians The Russian Ambassador al
Constantinople has not been recalled, was
previously reported, but he daily receives
insulting letters and is exposed to im1lis
nent danger Austria is said to be troubled
over some mythical Herzegovinan refugees
in Dalmatia, neither daring to keep them
manfuly nor 70 return them openly. We
have it besides-and this must be veracious
history that the Russian Representatives.
Belgrade has been doing everything in bis
power, under the Cars orders, to persuade
Prince Milan from making war on Turkey,
but that the Prince will not be persuaded.
To complete this long series of absurdities,
Mr. Bourke, the Under Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs, said in Parliament yes
terday that. so far as the English gov
eminent could ascertain the Russian
Grand Duke Vladimir is not in Servia. All
this is very entertaining reading; but 1t IL
not the kind of news to base purchases OF
stocks upon or to give any hint as to whether
the great Powers are really going to war
about nothing. 1t will be seen, however,
that Turkey and Seryia Mourad Efendi and
Prince Milan, Russia and Austria and the
Emperors Of both, all receive the attentions
of the news gatherers, and that the situation
being unchanged the interest is maintained
by spicy paragraphs from every important
point and concerning every important per-
sonage involved in the coming struggle.
The New York herald., 1876-07-01
IENTS THIS AFTERNOON And EVENING.

XLl-..-...-........... -..-.-.Nu. 80
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1853-1911, 1876-11-23
HOME LIFE 100 YEARS AGO.

One hundred years ago not a pound Of
coal or cubic foot of Illuminating Gas had
been burned in the country. No iron
stoves were used and contrivances for econ
Omizing heat were employed until DIR.
Franklin invented the iron framed fire place
which still bears his name All the cook
ing and warming in town and country were
done by the aid of fire kindled upon the
brick hearth or oven Pine knots or tallow
candles furnished the light for the long
winter nights, and sanded floors supplied
the places of rugs and carpets. The water
used for household purposes was drawn
from the deep wells by the crank and
"sweep. No form Of a pump was used in
this country, so far as we can learn, until
after the commencement of the present cen
tury. There were no friction matches in
those days, by the aid of which fire could
be speedily kindled; and if the fire 'wente
out, upon the hearth over night, and the
timber was damp so that the spark would
not catch, the alternative remained of wad-
ing through the snow mile or so, to bor-
row brand of neighbor. Only one room
in any house was warm, unless some of the
family was i'll in all the rest the tempera-
ture was at zero during the nights in win
ter. The men and women Of hundred
years ago undressed and went to their beds
in temperature colder than that of our
modern barns and wooden sheds, and thew
never complained.
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1853-1911, 1876-11-23
USURI0US INTEREST.
AN IMPORTANT OPINION BY THE SUPREME
COURT.

The Supreme Court Judge Sharswood
delivering the opinion) has just decided
that national banks cannot charge usurious
interest. Following is an abstract of the
opinion -
1t is very clear, we think, that Congress
intended that the national banks should be
effectively prevented, as far as legislation
could prevent it, from either charging or
receiving more than the legal rate of inter
est in the State in which they might be To-
Gated and carry on their business. Ex-
perience had abundantly shown that to do
this it would not be sufficient to provide
that the excess over the lawful rate only
should be illegal
These institutions of large capital would
naturally exercise great power over those who
should stand in need of their assistance
for 1t is as true now as it was in the days
of Solomon 1.-The rich ruleth over the
poor, and the borrower is servant to the
lender. 1t was considered no doubt, that
it would be too hard a measure to provide
that the debt itself should be forfeited, or
the security given for it declared void That,
too, had been tried in England, and some
Of the United States, but was found not to
arrest the practice, but only to increase the
unjust gain of the usurer, who required to
be indemnifed by the needy borrower fer
the risk he ran by much increased rate.
1t was deemed a sufficiently effective pre-
yentive to enact that whenever the bank
violated the law, by knowingly receiving,
reserving or charging" more than the lawful
interest, they should recover none, and that
when the unlawful interest had been volun-
tarily paid the debtor should be entitled to
recover, as penalty, double the whole in
terest paid, provided suit were brought
within two years. Whenever the bank
must resort to a suit, then the forfeiture Of
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1853-1911, 1876-11-23
NO. G5.

the entire interest, when an illcgal rate has
been stipulated or taken, follows as neces-
sary result.
1t was abundantly shown, in Campbell
vs.. Sloan, by numerous American and
English authorities cited in the opinion Of
the court, that where there has been series
OF renewal notes, given for the continuation
OF the same original loan or advance, the
talnt OF usury in the first transaction fol
lows down the descent through the entire
line. y renewal note is not paymcnt.of
the original debt, aud is not a new debt or
novation, in view Of the Usury laws. how
ever, 1t may be, if the parties so intend.
AS to the other questions IF it were held
otherwise, nothing would be 50 very easy
as to avoid the statute. What the credi-
tor Is entitled TO recover is the original loan
with lawful interest, and the borrower is
entitled to credit for all that he has paid
beyond what by law, he was bound to pay.
1t Is clear, then, as to the national banks,
that whenever they charge or stip,:latc for
an Illegal rate, all payment of interest, and
not mereI J the excess, is illegal. The
Illegal act, as IS well remarked bv Justice
Gordon, III Locas vs.. Government Bank.
2S p. Z. Smith. 131, destroys the inter
est-bearing power Of the obligation" The
receiving Of such excessive Interest," is treated
by the supreme power Of the State as
public evil, and as such, prohibited con
scquently, when taken against the statutory
prohibition, it is acquired without right
and no title thereto vests in the taker. Ifg
such case he is to be held as one wrong
fully in possession of his neighbor's pro
perty. 1t follows that when the bank re-
sorts to legal proceedings to recover it, its
debts on the last Of the series Of renewal
notes, the borrower is entitled to credit for
all the interest he has paid from the begin
ing on the loan, and not merely to the cx-
cess above the lawful rate.
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1853-1911, 1876-11-23
Curious Things.

Among the many curious things we find
everywhere, it may be interesting to notice
a few Of them. Suppose we inquire into
the origin Of certain words, customs, etc.
Take, for instance, the word humbug. 1t is
a corruption of Hamburg. At one time dur
ing the war on the continent Of Europe, so
many false reports were fabricated Ham
burg, that finally, when any one wished to
show his disbelief Of statement, he would
say, THAT came from Hamburg" or, ''That
is Hamburg, or IIumbug, which thus
came to imply unbelief or incredulity.
The word lady is derived from an An
glo-Saxon word, and signifies giver of
bread. 1t originated from the custom
which prevailed among the wealthy Eng
lish people of early times of distributing
money and food to the poor. Certain days
were set apart for this distribution, which
were called lady-days, or gif-days. The
word purse meant a receptacle for arms,
and was not invented to mean simply a
place of safety for money.
Gloves were introduced into England In
the tenth century, but were only used by
the wealthy people, and were considered
very valuable. As New Years gifts they
were quite popular, or sometimes 'gl love
money" in place Of them. ''Pin money
originated in somewhat the same manner.
Pins were so costly that money spent or
laid aside for them was called ''pin-money,'
and it became so important that it grew
into the name Of dover, which was settled
upon the lady at her marriage.
Altar of roses was discovered by ac-
cident The wife of an Eastern mogul had
a small canal of rose-water, and as she was
walking one day upon its banks, she noticed
a thin film upon the water, which proved
to be an oil made by the heat Of the sun.
The Egyptians were vesy famous IN the
manufacture of perfumes, and at the
museum in Alnwick there is some ointment
preserved in an alabaster ware which still
has a very powerful odor, Notwithstanding
it must be between two and three thousand
years old. The word hermit comes from
a Greek word meaning a desert place, be-
cause desert were generally sought in order
to avoid persecution.
Sandwiches were named from Lord
Sandwich. 1t is related of him, that one
day in gambling house, being very much
fascinated by play, for twenty-five hours
he was unconscious of fatigue and hunger,
when suddenly, becoming aware of them,
he ordered some food to be brought, which
proved to be some beef and two slices of
bread Placing them together he ate them
His friends gave them the name of sand
wiches, and in his memeto he declared this
act to be the most important one of his
administration.
The origin of electing members by ballots
came from the Grecians' When member
was to be elected, each member threw /
small erumb of bread into basket, carried
by servant on his head, and whoever diff
fered, fattened the pellet at one side
Fortnight comes from the Angl glo-Saxons
who counted time by night, and means
fourtcen-night.
Merry pin means merry mood, anC
originated in the custom of dividing tank
ards from each other by pegs or pins, ant
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1853-1911, 1876-11-23

seriously interfered with the prompt an
nouncement of the result To cut off such
debate the twenty joint rule of the
two houses was adopted in 1865, and re-
adopted by each succeeding Congress ex-
cept the present. The following is the text
Of the rule =
"lf, upon the reading of any such certi-
ticate by the tellers any question shall arise
IN regard to the counting Of the votes there
in certified, the same having been stated by
the presiding officer, the Senate shall there
upon withdraw, and said question shall be
submitted to that body for It's decision and
the Speaker of the House shall in like man
ner submit the said question to the House
for Its decision, and no question shall be
decided afirmatively, and no votes objected
to shall be counted except by the concur
rent votes Of the two houses, which being
obtained, the two houses shall reassemble,
and the presiding officer shall then an
nounce the decision of the question sub
mltted and upon such question there shall
be no debate in either House, and any
other question to this object for which the
two houses are assembled may be submit
ted and determined in like manner"
In 1873 electoral votes were rejected
from several States under this rule, but its
operation was so unsatisfactory that the
sentiment at the time was almost unani-
nous not only for its repeal, but also for an
entire change in the mode of elccting Presi-
dent. 1t was repealed at the last sessions
Of Congress by failure of the Senate to
adopt it.
From this hasty review it appears q
that the President of the Senate has never
assumed to determine any question as to
the validity Of the vote received from any
State, but that when such questions have
arisen, they have invariably been referred
to the two houses Of Congress for their de-
cision
(2) That neither house of Congress by
itself has ever claimed the right to reject
the vote of any State, or to determine, in
case two sets of returns from a single State
appear, which of them shall be counted ex-
cept by authority of the twenty y-second joint
rule, which no longer exists.
(3.) That while neither the Constitution
nor the laws Of the United States ex pressly
provide the means of determining contro-
versics that may arise in regard to the
counting Of the electoral vote Of any State,
that power has been exercised by the con-
current action Of two houses of Congress.