, 1876-10-07

son no longer >owcd the same ground
wear after year 10 the same kind of
lrain, nor waited until the full or wanc
OF the moon to do his phnting,--as did
his father; but overcoming the old pref.
udcc against book farming, as it was
contcmp,uou,ly styled hc brings to his
aid chemistry, 50 mighty in its beneficial
results was It, that the husbandman is
now able to say he is master OF the
situation,
Wise and able journalists have done
much to lift the burden from the farmer
and mechanic, by enlightcning the field
Of their operations.
The Centennial exhibition has fur.
nishcd evidence that the United States
tar excel other nations in farm machin.
cry, whereby the tiller OF the soil is not
only able to greatly multiply his pro-
ducts, but it lifts from hlm the drudg.
cry and irksome part of his toiling life
and gives him opportunity for the cul-
tivatien and improvement OF his mental
powers.
These Agricultural Societies have not
only succeeded in changing the entire
manner OF producing by the use Of I'M
proved machinery, and by the introduc-
tion and employment Of steam and an
imal power, thereby greatly multiplying
the variety and quantity of products I;
but what is by far more important they
have successfully established agricultural
schools throughout the land, and now
there are in almost every state in the
Union, Agricultural Colleges, where Ag-
riculture, its purpose, scope and history,
the form and its arrangements; soils,
their composition and adaptations; field
crops, tillage, fertilizers, pastures and
meadows; draining, irrigation, roads,
buildings, fences, hedges and forests,
fruit growing, the dairy and its pro.
ducts, wool and sheep husbandry, do
mestic animals, their onatomy physiol-
ogy and general arrangement, disease of
animals medical and surgical treatment
of same; pests of the farm, markets and
transportation, and the financial results
of Agriculture. These and many other
useful branches are taught in such
schools, while practical operations upon
the farms connected with the schools,
furnish useful instruction and remuner-
ative employment for their students.
So popular are these schools, IN the
states where they were first established
that the regular classical course and tho
three old standard professions are no
longer regarded as possessing the only
key to learning in scientific study; but
the pursuits Of the farmer are now
sought because its fields Of toll are rem
dered light by scientific light, and be-
cause hele can bc found useful employ
mcnt for the mind and the hands. BY
the aid of chemistry he may analyze the
soils and determine what, if any, OF their
productive properties are wanting and
supply the same; thus even the most
sterile soils can be made as productive
as the rich alluvial, and at small ex-
pense, because the processes are we'll un-
derstood
But it may be said that the expenses
of obtaining such an education, as will
enable our Washington Territory farm.
ers to thoroughly understand the scien.
tific laws governing their operations are
far beyond their reach, and that even
the practical knowledge obtained in the
States east of the Rocky Mountains can
not be made available here.
In reply | would say that if we will
come into the Union as State, we can
obtain thirty thousand acres of Agricul-
tural College Scrip, from the Gen. Gov.
ernment, for every member we would be
entitled to in each house of Congress.
Thus for two Senators and one Repre-.
sentative we could obtain ninety thou
sand acres of this Scrip, which under a
few restrictions could be located on the
Public Lands in any State or Territory,
or could be placed upon the market and
sold. The State of California located
her scrip and realized in the sale of the
land an average of five dollars per acre.
Many of the Eastern States placed theirs
upon the market and sold at 80 cents
per acre, even this disposition of the
Scrip, would give us cignty-one thou.
sand dollars; add to this sum what we
could obtain by way of appropriation
from our State swamp and overflow
lands N rr tbnr from, ,hn cola of thoeo