davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23
Basket.WiIlOw Culture,

WE received, some time since. a cues
ton as TO the best method of cultivating
basket-willow. This was referred to a
gentleman who had at one time been en-
thusiastic in this direction, but no answer
was received. We find the ground COW
cred in an article in the Rural Ne1o Yorker,
and present the main points:
The culture of osiers or basket willows is
exceedingly simple. Low, moist soil is,
OF course, preferable to that which is
high and dry. The land should be as
thoroughly prepared as for any other crop,
that is, plowed and narrowed until all
weeds and grass are killed out. Then set
the cuttings foot apart, and the rows
from four to six feet, in order that the cul
uVation may be continued among the
plants for the first two or three years, as
well as to give room for passing between
the rows in gathering the crop. The cut
tings should be about foot long, and set
in the spring as soon as the ground is
sufficiently dry for the purpose.
The heading back, or pruning should
commence the second season after plant
ing, in order to secures number OF shoots
from each root, even if the first seasons
canes are not long enough to be of any
value. The second season light crop
may be expected, and should be taken off
at time when the bark will peel off
readily. The peeling may be done with
a machine or by hand, according to cir
cumstances. There have been hundreds
of willow plantations started in various
parts of the country, though few now
remain in a productive condition. Willow
culture is not profitable, except where one
has good home market.-Chtcago
Tribune.
To MAKE copyingink which requires
no press, take one ounce of coarsely-
broken extract of logwood, and one
drachm of crystalized carbonate of soda;
heat in a porcelain vessel, with eight
ounces of distilled water, until the solu-
ton is of a deep red color. Then remove
from the fire and stir in one ounce of
glycerine, fifteen grains of neutral chro-
mate of potash dissolved in little water,
and mucilaginous solution of two drachms
of finely pulverized gum-arabic. This
ink keeps well and does not attack steel
pens. The impression is taken on thin,
moistened copying paper, at the back of
which is placed a sheet of writing paper.
>s -
=" Science" says DR.. Holmes, is a
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23

PRUSsNG's White Wine Vinegar, warranted
pure and to preserve pickles. A superb article
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23
Pastures of the British Islands.

AMONG all the nations of the earth
none, that l am aware of, has given so
much and SO careful attention to pastures
and meadows as our friends of the Brit
ish Isles. Rent is there very high. To
be a successful farmer everything must be
done to the best advantage. Slip-shod
farming there will not afford a living, as
it often does in our newer country. Al
though they follow out certain rotation
Of crops, and are able to give good rea-
sons for such rotations, yet they are near
ly, if not quite, unanimous in keeping q
part of the farm in permanent pasture or
meadow. The longer piece has been
seeded the better it suits them. According
to their belief and practice, a pasture
never becomes very good until it has been
seeded six or more years. In their opin-
ion, it is certainly undesirable to break
up tolerably good pastures for the pur-
pose of converting them into arabic land'
So carefully have they studied the ma
ture of the different grasses and the soils
they are adapted to that the seedsmen, &C
cording to demand, sell certain mixtures
of grass seeds suitable for each geological
formation.
In laying down land to permanent pas
ture, NJ. II. Sutton, of Reading, England,
in 1861, gives the following list of grasses
and clovers, and the quantity of each
which he considers the best possible
mixture for good medium soil, neither
too heavy nor too light. These are all, ~
he says, "of excellent properties; and,
coming to maturity at different seasons of
the year, are found to produce a perma-
ncnt and evergreen sward:"
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23

=" Science" says DR.. Holmes, is a
good piece OF furniture tor man to have
in an upper chamber, provided he has
common sense on the ground floor"
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23

"A school-boy who does not know
what a coat sleeve is for, nose very little.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23

rounds.
Alopccurus pratensis meadow fox-taiI ....l
AnthoXanthum odOratum (sweet vcrnal grass 0y
Cynosurus cristatus Crested dogs taiD. ......
DaCtylis glomerata Orchard GRASSY ........... 2
Festuca durinscula (hard fescue). ...........
FestuCa pratcusis meadow fcsCue). ........ 4
Fastnca Ovina (sheep's fcscue) ................
Festuca rubra Oed fescue) .... 2
FestCca tenuifolia Slender fescue). ....2
Festnca loiacea (darnel-lille fescue). .........2
Lollum perennc sempervirens evergreen pc
rennlal darneD ........... ................6
Loligm perenne tenue SLENDER perennial dar-
bS'j''--. ---...,..--,.... 4
Phleum pratense timothy. ................1
Poa pratensis (Kcntucky bluegrass, June
Poa trvIalis rough-stalkcd meadow. ........1
Poa memorials (wood meadow grass .... -.
Medcago lupulIna (none such. medisk ...
Trltolium repcns (white clover).. ....... 4
lrtollum repens perenne perennial white
Irlfollum pratense pcrenne perennial red
Trfolium hybridam (Alsike clover. .......2
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23

X. IL. Huutley, of Coldstream, England,
in the report Of this year OS75) says he
:" laid down three fields to permanent
grass by the process known as inocula-
tion.'" All succeeded finely. With a
plow he turned from an old pasture field
strips of turf four inches wide. These
were cut up with spades into pieces four
inches long. They were put all over the new
field in little holes one foot apart. Then
the field was rolled. have quite often
seeded small pieces of lawn in this wav.
1t is surer and more rapid way than by
using seed for ns.-Prof. W. j. Beal
IN Report of the Michigan Board of Agri-
culfure
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23
AGENTS! $50 NEW BOOKS

ahE mNS - = ~ h9s, . y =, 80
by sample pages bindings, Illustrations, etc al are
picked popular works on emery subject. Why risk all
on one doubtful book, when you can make success
sure BY offering customers choice of 1903: Our
Agents have the inside track, and delighted with
their quick sales Fail not to send for particulars at
once to VALLEY PUBLISHING Co., CHICAGO, ILL
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23
81 C00UILI,ARD WAGON

ET;s. "a 81 5TzEsSH FARM
tsI ::s:l2 z e FREIGEL
ssgs 8 Ez= If. :;'5 Y,
Gags4t ". s.s5.5- <. IA, $50 aGQrE
ESS-.1zis -, ! : ~ tarri.s h
81 Price.Lsr, scntl A. COtti Ill lRr
uuap cotton. south Bend Ind
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-03-23

gland, in 1875, Robert Jefferson uses forty
pounds per acre of the following:
lbs. Italian rye-grass. z lbs. rough stalkcd
q lbs. perennial do. meadow grass
3 lbs. cocksfoOt( orchard2 lbs. meadow foy-tail
grassl | II. crested dogs-tail
fbs timothy do. II ID. rib-grass
3 ibs. meadow fescue. ) his. Asike clover.
l D.. various-leaved do. ) lbs. white do
3 lbs. cow-grass.
John Shuker, Of Shropshire, on most
tenacious soil, used forty pounds per acre
of the following:
bs. crested dogs-tail q lbs meadow fo5tail.
i ID sweet vernai. ms. timothy
8 IDS cocksiost TBS. Alsike clover.
ibs. tall fescuc. lbs white clover.
lbs. meadow fescue Is lbs, perennial rye
) IDS. rough-stalkedI grass.
meadow grass 5 MS Italian rye-grass
For shady soils he used thirty-two
pounds per acre of the following:
lbs sweet Yernal. 2 Ms tall fescue
3 fbs. crossed dogs-tail. a ibs white clover
= ms meadow fescue. 2 bs Alsike clover.
rs. CoCksfoot. lbs rib-pTass
tbs. sleeps tcscue. s Tbs perennial rve
IDS; rough-stalkedi grass.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
Troops in South Carolina.

Considerable excitement and comment has
been caused by proclamation Of President
Grant that part of the available troops in
the south shall report for duty in South
Carolina for the special purpose Of preserving
the peace at the coming election in that state.
Opinions as to the legality of this action are
numerous and diversified. One party claims
that aside from the necessity of some pro.
lection for the negroes from the rifle clubs"
"white leagues" and other organizations, the
president could not well ignore the request
Of Gov. Chambcrin for aid from the gov.
eminent. The other party maintains that
the act was gross violation Of the consttu-
ton that there are no organizations for the
purpose for intimidatIng the negroes and that
the troops were imported to aid the admins.
tration at the election.
Now we at the north cannot strike right
conclusion from the reports received by tele-
graph and from the lips of campaign orators
They are sure to be garbled with the preju-
dice Of party or spirit. Therefore we should
should pause before hastily coming to a
conclusion on the matter. But let us look
at the probable effects of the introduction Of
troops throughout the state and thereIrom
make up our conclusions. While there is no
doubt that many Of the stories of the whole
sale murder and robbery of tho negroes at
the SOUTH without the shadow of foundation
of truth, yet it is just as sure that means are
taken in many places to intimidate the ne.
groes without resorting to arms. And
this seems to be what the "riHe clubs" were
organized for in South Carolina. Aud such
organizations were very likely to produce
contention between the two races. Some.
times the blacks are to blame, sometimes the
whites, but the results are the same every.
where. Well, then, if the disbanding oil
these organizations are dispersed and order
is maintained we do not see why the use oil
troops in this way is not justified by the re,
suits. As for the assertion that the soldiers
will aid in carrying the election one way OIL
the other by force, the idea is this: the
American soldier is not a merciuary thai
will do whatever is required of him, no mat
ter how dishonest or wrong the work may be
nor are their officers likely to help forwarC
such by their virtue of rank and power ove
those under them, and We think from what il
said by Gen. Rogers, the officer commanding
that he will do no more than fulfill the Law
of order and peace. 1t is only those VIII,
wish to do wrong that are crying out agains
the resolve Of President Grant aud his cabi
net
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
Honor to the Brave.


In this world of ours, Of the many different
phases which life assumes, but few are ever
brought to the notice of the public in general.
Acts ridiculous, deeds heroical, are mixed in
with the even current of life and are lost to
the gaze Of all but those in the vicinity Of
the scene. 1t is only when the world is
shocked or gladdened by the report of some
occurrence that thrills all with horror, or
makes country full of joy that these things
are brought out of their obscurity. And
when deeds of goodness or bravery are thus
brought out of oblivion, it is right that
they should be praised and heralded to the
world. They are far more glorious and ele-
waiting in the eyes of the present generation,
and do far more to arouse emulation than all
the deeds of armored knights and fair hero
ines of the feudal and pagan ages.
Among the latest of the brave deeds thus
brought before the people is the act of a
brave assistant engineer who had charge OF
one Of the engines in the great explosion
spoken Of last week. The report says that
though trembling and livid with fear, he
stuck to his post and shut off steam, thinking
that thereby he could avoid the explosion
and save the lives of the unfortunate opera
tives. 1t is said that two men were required
to remove the rigid clasp Of the dead hand
from the throttle Of the engine. Bravery it
was indeed for a man, though terrified at
the thought that the next minute he would
be hurled into eternity, to stand at his post and
try to avert the calamity from his fellow
men
Another incident was one that happened
at Savannah during the ravages of the vel
low fever. \ druggists clerk, named Char
ley 1.-THE other name is not KNOWN, when the
fever broke out, though the proprietor and
other clerks left the city, remained at hi
post dealing out prescriptions. lie was
urged to leave but refused saying, "Some
one must give medicine to these people; II
not leave my work" At last a particular
friend of Charley, Symons by name, fell sicI
and Charley nursod him till he was conva
lescent; then the brave boy himself took the
fever and Symons, in turn, became the nurse
A dozen times a day he sent kilograms to hi
friends in Augusta, the last saying, "Charlcy
is worse. will not sleep tonight" Blu
he did sleep, for the two brave lads wer,
fouHd together next morning, dead. OF sncl
incidents as these is the obscure ways Of life
in part, filled up.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
CENTENNIAL NOTES.

1t is estimated that an average of 81, 900
cash admissions per day for the balance Of
the exhibition will be required, in order to
increase the daily average cash attendance
for the whole l95 days of the exhibition to
$4,000.
With the exception of Pennsylvania day.
the attendance the 18th, outrivals that oil
any day in the history of the exhibition, the
full fee admissions up to one O'Clock being
l44,l7l. Special attractions were official
celebrations of the states on the southern
border of Pennsylvania, with Informal dem.
onstratoDs by West Virginia and Old Vir.
ginia in commemoration of the closing scene
of the revolution at Yorktown, Of which the
day is the nnety.6fth anniversary.
The Centennial post-office has delivered
six hundred and seventy.one thousand letters
and four hundred aud three thousand papers,
and has collected eight hundred and two
thousand letters aud two hundred aud forty
five thousand papers.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
The Black Hills Open.

The Indians, short time ago, signed a
treaty relinquishing their claims to the Black
Hills country, on consideration that they would
be allowed to remain among them. That is,
miners will be allowed to proceed free from
Interruption, in case the Indians themselves
will be let alone.
Though this has, perhaps, kept many from
striking out for the hills, attracted by the
fabulous stories of riches to be found therein,
the difficulties and dangers are yet many aud
hard to overcome. The winter season is
long and severe, the miners are far from hui
man assistance, and in case the Indians
should break this treaty, which they are very
liable to do, they would have things pretty
much their own way. Again, tho Black Hills
region is not a land "overfowing with milk
and honey" where those who are unior.
tuuate in their attempts in mining can find
a fortune by tilling the soil.
1t is for the most part of the very opposite
N""N'Ni, ouu houg u starving uiuoI WOulu
be likely to regard his heaps of shining gold
(if he gets any as would shipwreck the
the treasures OF the Indies, where only food
will supply his wants. Though u few in.
stances have been chronicled and these not
very well authenticated, when fortunes have
been found in the Black Hills, yet they do
not appear to have found gold in apportion.
ment with their danger and labors. Ii
would seem the most sensible to keep on
in the old way, at least until more is known
about the new gold regions than there is
now. We would advise all who are attacked
with the gold fever to Gnd it at home as did
the man who was told to find it by digging
all over his land after hidden treasure
The treasure was not found then, but the
great crop at harvest time told the secret to
the believer in hidden gold Do you see
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
GENERAL NEWS.

Mr.. Hemming is the appropriate name OF
the great English needlemaker.
A woman has just got her fifth divorce in
Chicago, and still she isn't happy.
A Connecticut druggist received a pre-
scriptiOn calling for eight inches of blood
root.
Ifa tenth part of the eggs deposited hatch
out, there will be grasshoppers enough to de-
YOUR every green thing in the state OF Min
ucsota next year.
The grain imports into Great Britain for
the year ending August 81 1876, were 49,
94,llS cwt., an increase OF Dcarly 22,OOO,.
600 cwt. over the preceding years.
The negroes Of South Carolina are led by
fanatic named Palmer, who claims to be
"the son Of Christ" sent by the Father to
raise the blacks out Of poverty and lead
them to riches.
Judge Lindeman, Of Cincinnati, sentenced
a little boy to two years Imprisonment for
stealing a newspaper from doorstep. The
lads mother was thereby made insane, and
the magistrate is the subject of public indig-
nation.
The first time Jerrold saw a celebrated
song writer the latter said to him: Young.
ster, have you sufficient confidence in me 70
lend me guinea 2" "Oh, yes, said Jerrold
"lve all the conf hence, but | haven't the
guinea"
1t is reported that Beecher is head over
ears in debt, and that the brethren are con,
sulting whether they must not give him q
long leave of absence from preaching, this
fall and winter, to enable him to strengthen
his exchequer by lecturing.
Burglars were caught in Fanteurs dry.
goods store at st. Jean Baptist village, near
Montreal the 18th, and, after a desperate
fight with the village police, escaped with
large quantity of valuable goods.
An unknown man robbed chamber o.
Mr.. Morgans residence on Fiftieth street
New York, the other day, while the family
was dining, Of some 5000 worth Of jewelry
and then stepped out on to the pediment ovel
the front door Of the next house, intending
to enter the window of that house. Thu
pedment was but lightly fastened and fell
the burglar falling under it on the stoop oil
the house. His head was crushed to atoms
His plumber was found in his pockets.
1t is reported at Ottawa, Canada, that
schoolmistress was recently murdered in tn
township Of Ramsey by two young men, VIII
first ravished her aud then cut her tongu
out. The woman is said TO have recoveret
consciousness, aud crawling to the blackboard
to have written the names of her murderers
with brief account of the affair. Her bod
was discovered next morning by the scholar
in pool of blood. This is almost precisely
the same story that was recently told of
Pennsylvania school teacher, but the cou
frmatOry details Of names, etc., were neve
furnished.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
The Indian War.

Though the Indian war has occupied the
background during the past few weeks,
1t has not come to an entire standstill for the
winter, as was expected. Sitting Bull yet
remains in his mountain Businesses and is
waiting for chance to elude the vigilance
of the soldiers. Sitting Bull has many Of
the elements Of civilization in his compost
ton among these is an abundant supply Of
genuine "cheek" This quality was shown
up by a request made by him to the govern
ment week or two ago that, as he was
nearly out of war munitions, his men might
be allowed to come to the outposts and trade
for supplies gunpowder and the like Some
thing like the small boys demand of his an
tagonist in fight to 'let me up aud I'll fix
you" But the government has not yet got
Sitting Bull down, and is making prepare.
tions for winte: campaign. In view OF the
past experience of the troops we can hardly
see how such a project will be successful
but the idea seems to be gaining strength in
military circles that vigorous Winter cam
paign against the hostile Sioux will result il
their complete subjugatiou, and that thc
chances Of the United States troops will b.
better in cold than in warm weather, and
the military know more about it Tor ought to
than the civilians. Gen. Merritt has force
of 400 cavalry on the track Of the Sioux anC
will give them no rest. Gen. Crook viii
for the present support Gen. Merritt. 1t II
to be hoped that they will be successful il
subjugatng this tribe Of Indians for they arr
the most quarrelsome and the least suscepti
Bile to civilization Of all the Indians in tn
United States. In connection with this arti
Gle we will mention an instance in illustra
ton of the way in which the government
cheated by the post traders Suspicion be
ing directed against one of these posts a gov
eminent agent was sent to count the Indian
who received supplies at this point. Tn
agent found the actual number TO DO som
2OOO less than that for which supplies wer
received, all thesurpus supposed to go to thes
fictitious Indians going direct to the post trad
er's pocket. No wonder they are enabled to o.
fer bids of many thousand dollars to those VIII
have the disposition of the Offices in thei
power If the Sioux would "clean out" a
dishonest agents instead Of numbering iun'
cent men and women, they would be a ros
not thorn, in the side Of the country.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27
The European War Cloud.

For the past two weeks a war cloud Of
most porteutous dimensions has been hang
ing over Europe, and it seemed as it the
fate of Turkey was at last to be decided,
The whole of Europe became alarmed at
the prospect and commercial circles felt the
pressure accordingly. Russia had been con-
centrating her troops upon the border,
large numbers of Russian officers crossed into
Servia to fight the Turks, and the gov
eminent seemed to be making active prepar-
atons for war. England, whose policy would
decide the question for the present at least,
seemed undecided She did not wish to in
volve herself in war with so powerful a
country as Russia. Yet she could by no
means, afford to let the key to her immense
Indian possessions pass into the hands of her
old enemy. A six months armistice was
proposed, and rejected by the Turks, who did
not wish to let Servia recupcrate her nearly
exhausted powers by fresh alliance and aid
IEOln INubblbs OlbSNo AhNh W
enter the war against the Turks. At this
stage all eyes were turned to the other great
powers, whose voice might decide the vita
question. France wisely determined to keep
from all armed interference. Germany, thougl
friendly to Russia, used conciiatory policy
At this stage of affairs, things took a new
turn. The car offered to combine with the
other great powers in policy of intervon
ton by which the impending crisis might b.
delayed for short time. The result wa
that six weeks armisticc was proposed, anC
accepted by Turkey. This was only fOu
days ago 80 that the results of this tempo
rary peace cannot be determined. In tn,
meantime ROumania has resolved to declar
her independence, This will give Russi
the key to the approach to the Turkish terri
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-10-27

In another column we give an account
from an eye witness Of the scenes of the late
murder ut Weathers6eld Since his letter
was received still further developments have
been made Henry Carpenter, the next door
neigbbor of Gravelin, has been arrested as
being accessory to the murder Strong evil
dence has been discovered that the MUIR
der was committed in Carpenters house,
blood being found on the floor and the axe
with which the murder was committed being
hidden in the hog pen. Carpenter has borne
q bad character and seems to be fit com.
panion for Gravelin. The chain Of evidence
seems to be fatally drawn about Gravelin as
the author Of the dreadful deed, in the plot.
ting II not in its actual accomplishment.
The murder must have been solely for re.
venge as, while Graveln is comparatively
wealthy man, White, the victim, was very
poor. We may here say that there are
rumors that the most Of the prisoners
wealth was gained by unfair, if not criminal
MEANS