davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1876-02-03
ADVERTISING RATES.

Locals, Is cents per line, each Insertion.
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cash insertion.
Bills for advertising PAYABLE quarterly in
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Parties having business in this department
will please address A. H. TAISEY,
Business Manager.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1876-02-03

The ANTI MoxopoMsr is published every
Monday for circulation by newsmen and mail
Single Subscription, one year, $500
Single Subscription, six months, LOO
Single Subscription, three months, 81
In clubs OF five or more to one address 1t will
be furnished at ) 50 per year; or sl.OOfor SIX
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THE ANTI MONOPOLIST,
No. II Wabasha ST., st. Paul.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1876-02-03

G. A. DeCRAFF.
sRxKDzR or

ERzEDaE or
Short Horns, Ayrshire and Aldernev cattle;
Poland China, Chester White and Imported
Berkshire hogs: Coesvold and Soufh5cvu
sheep. l now have for sale fine specimens Of
the aforementioned kinds and vxrieties Of stock
ak"LAKE ELFSLANSUC FARM In
formation given md oea4s prumptly AIled b.
app1icnkioa - LO1W WALLACR.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1876-02-03
V ERITAs.

Manufacturers Of Mill Picks, Stone Cutters
Tools. Blacksmiths' Tools, Stamps and Dies,
Moulding Tools. Springs Made and Repaired
Particular Attention given to all Glasses Of Steel
Work Printers Chases Made and Repaired.
Boiler Tubes Welded, and All Kinds of Boiler
Makers Tools Made to Order.
Agricultural Tools, Bridge and Building
Work, and all General Smithing Promptly
Executed and Warranted.
Works, Cor. 9th and Robert streets, ST. Paul =,
MINI.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1876-02-03
THE HICkFORD AUTOMATIC
FAMILY KNITTING MACHINE.

THE BIChFORD AUTOMATIC
FAMILY KNITTING MACHINE!
A mcct Useful ana Wonderful Invention!
Nov attracting universal attention by it's as.
tonishishing performances, and its great prac.
PIE, DURABLE, and CHEAP, is easily kept
III repair, and
WILL LAST A LIFETIME!
It will knit every possible variety Of plain and
fancy work
WITH ALMOST MAGICAL SPEED.
on any Their machine. All kinds Of garments
arr perfectly formed and shaped by the
machine itself, requiring no cutting and max
ing up. a good operator will knit mana
sock, with heel and toe complete, in from foe
t. 'ea minutes and from twenty to forty pain
% seeks "a dol
Every family especially every farmers fam
will b. found equally as useful AZ the Sewing
Machine, and even NOR" profitable.
Every Machine WARRANTED perfect, asd
to dn it.,t whot II represented.
The Bchtori Machine il the ONLY LEGTTi-
AArs cylindrical Knitting Machine in exis-
eshe'- All Wh"ts, not ilceHsed Dy us, are Clear
ant lalpahle ir.fringments on our patents,
and we siinl! hold all parties who manual ture,
sell, tuy or use such infringing machines, to
strict legal accountability.
IN f,-.fuetion Book, containing complees
and minute directions TO the operator, accom-
Is.Die- each machine.
No Family Machine, ! cylinder, ~ needles go
Mo- 9. " Q :" 72d 100 $50
A ea1nyic machine will be sent to any part q
the U.itd States or Canada, exprcss charges
prepDm, Oh receipt Of the prios.
AGKsgs wanted in every State, County, City
AID Town, 10 whom very liberal discounts
viii II made. Por further PARTICULARS, address
BicKYoyD KsIT1Iso MACHINE MIRO. Co.
Sole Manufacturers, BRATTLxRoRo, VI.
orr. X. DAVIES, Manager,
20 West Third Street st. Paul, MINI.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
For the VERMONT FARMER
Feeding Value Of Meal.

Mn EDIToR IL noticed in your paper an
inquiry from rs" in regard to feeding meal
to COWS Whether it would save the value
in hay, il fed two quarts per day to each
COW. Not having seen any answer to this
question, will give my opinion and expert
ence in the matter of feeding meal or grain
to cows.
do not think there would be much If any
saving Of hay by feeding the meal ifthe cows
should have what hay they will eat, but they
would be in much better condition and
would give more and richer milk. If l am
short Of hay aud haves traw l cut it and
put little meal or fine feed upon it and
thoroughly wet with boiling water and give
one full feed per day of straw thus prepared.
My experience in this manner Of feeding il,
that cows will do better, aud give more
milk than they will fed upon dry hay with
two quarts OF meal per day. have feed
box on wheels that is water tight, 10 which
put my cut straw and meal or fine feed and
thoroughly wet with boiling water, and cover
and let it stand two or three hours before
feeding. Straw thus prepared will be
eaten with as good relish as
the best of hay. If l had moi
straw | should purchase some in prefer
ence TO hay at the usual difference in price
If other farmers have better way Of feeding
straw please give us your experience through
the FARMER. d. b. WHEELocK.
Barre, December 90, 1875.
THE above communication was directed
to Springfield, Mass, and after being adver
tised there, was forwarded.
If our correspondent would use linSeed
bean or pea meal in connection with straw
instead Of corn meal, or part OF one Of thes,
with part corn meal, the results would b.
| even better than stated
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
Winter Rye as a Forage Crop.

Stephen Shepley says that sowing winter
rye and grass seed in autumn on pasture
lands designed to be fed constantly the fol-
lowing summer works just right. He writes
TO the New England Farmer:
have tried it aud am satisfied with the
result. If possible | would ploW the last Of
August or the first Of September, and turn
the sod over fiat aud then harrow lengthways
Of the furrow Sow one and one.half bushels
Of rye to the acre and harrow again the same
way as before then SOW on grass seed,
say four quarts Of herdsgrass, eight quarts
Of redtop, eight quarts of June grass and four
pounds white clover, and roll or brush it in.
If sown as early as have indicated, the rye
affords very good feed in October. The cat
tie at that season seem to prefer it TO every
thing else And then, in the coming spring,
| | doubt whether the cattle or their owner
can look upon any field with more pleasure
than on that part Of the pasture which is
covered with green, luxuriaut growth Of
rye, afiording as it will, great amount OF
nutritious feed at a season Of the year when
it is so much needed. should SOW at any
time before the first OF November rather than
not SOW at all, or if "Constant Reader" wants
to change the condition OF his moving lands
let him 20 through the same operation as
with the pasture, only SOW more grass seed
say eight quarts of herdsgrass, sixteen quarts
redtop and six pounds red clover
BY the tenth day of the following june
he can cut a very fair crop Of rye straw
which he can dry aud put in his barn, anC
he will 6nd it excellent feed the following
winter II he has little top-drssSing t
spare--the more the better, as none OF i
will be wasted-let him put it on where tn,
rye straw has been taken of; aud if th
season is favorable one he can, by the l5tl
of August, cut, on the same piece, more tha
an average crop of hay aud leave a good
promising bottom for next year. This pla
| think far better than to let the worms, Q
which hO complains, have the old fields +
themselves.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28

our correspondent eau, after u rap on tho
knuckles, write letter which does not need
to have its trough edges trimmed off,
The confidence and respect Of our cor.
respondent as we'll as the people Of Vermont,
in the board of agriculture aud its work is
very gratifying, aud an encouragement to
renewed effort in the good work.
According to our recollection, the editor
of the FARMER stated at Canaan in substance
that It appeared to be the fact that the fer
mcntation Of wilted hay 10 the NOV when kept
from the air, which resulted in rotting and
musting, was oOcasioned by external moisture
and not by sap. We have never seen the
endorsement published in tho Montpelier
papers," aud have no comments to make
upon it.
By the time L. w. b. has "experimeutod,"
and watched the practice Of "model farmers
another "forty years" he will probably learn
just how much to cure hay so as to reduce
his loss from heating to less than seventy
five tons in one season. The Canaan dis
cussion is happily not responsible for that
smoky dusty lot of hay last season.
The curing of hay just enough and no
more is really one Of the most difficult ques-
tions which meets the farmer. A good deal
OF hay is injured every year by excessive
curing.
If this discussion shall result in a clearer
appreciation Of what is best, little inofFen-
sive sparring will not have been in vain.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
For tho VERMONT FARMER.
Keeping Milk.

have always read with good deal Of
interest the many discussions in the columns
of the FARMER in regard to keeping milk
aud the various ways Of doing So | would
like to ask if you or any Of your many read
ers can give me plan Of a milk cooler; one
that will cool the milk Of eight or ten cows
in short time. Ald also the cost Of such
a cooler. l have a good cool milk.room and
think if could get such a cooler that
should get some common tin pans made about
eighteen by forty-two inches in the bottom
and six inches high, sIanting gradually so as
to be somewhat larger at the top. And by
cooling aud struning about two.thirds full |
do not see why we shall not get as much
cream, and think the milk will keep longer
than by not cooling and using the small pans.
And know that it will be great saving
of labor about skimming and washing as a
lady could by dipping out part Of the milk
easily handle the pan as it would not be
heavy. would have the pan set on Stats
SO as to have the air accessible to all parts.
should like to ask your opinion, or any who
huve had experience on the above plan, as l
think that if milk can be kept 10 this way
that there are many who have but eight or
ten COWS that do not feel able to get the
patent pans that would try this way. The
pans spoke Of will cost about three dollars
aud City cents each. J. L. G.
Vergennes, January Is, 1876.
THE coolers are usually made as part Of
the pans, for passing current Of cold water
under or around the milk in the pans
Messrs McEwan & Gibson OF Derby Line
make pan aud cooler, the latter being au
oval pipe of tin which rests iu the milk aud
carries current of water through it. Per
haps they would supply the cooler without
the pan. 1t could be attached to such par
as J. L. G. described. Pans should have a
pipe in Que corner supplied with rubber
stopper Of the inside, for the escape Of the
milk after skimming A movable spout OIL
pipe conveys it out of the room.
Mr. G. s. Fassett of Enosburgh cools hi
milk in pals in vat of cold water afte
which it is strained into dry pans two fee
by six inches which rest upon wooden tables.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
WHOLE NO. 26S.
Quality Of Ancestry Of ghorthOrns-Un.
written Records.

Bailey's ShorthorD Reporter has thefollow-
ing wOll.dsserved thrust at the custom Of re-
cording aud breeding from inferior animals
for the simple reason that they have record
able pedigrees
No doubt there would be much fewer poor
animals 10 our herds IL we had some such
unsquivoca test for cattle as the track is
for the horse. At present pedigrees only
show the purity Of animals, no matter
whether their immediate ancestry were extra
good or notoriously poor. Is il too much to
hope that concise method Of recording the
true quality Of animals can be devised We
might mention pedigrees in which nearly
every male and female ancestor back several
crosses might be cassed as Every poor"
"fair," "common," "coarse," etc. When
animals of this kind are bred together, Of
course defetcs are intensified, and useless
animals prOpagated. This would not be the
case could we append to each name in the
pedigree a concise phrase meaning as much as
"2 IA" does TO the horseman. Pedigrees Of
this kind would soon be in great demand, for
bulls especially, and high prices would be
paid for animals because they possessed the
best pedigrees Of this sort, rather than because
they belong to a certain strain which has pre-
viously commanded high prices. Is the task
too much for the inventive American
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
lsBURY. FRIDAY, JANUARY 2s. 1876.

should not be performed at one time, but
when necessary the pruning should be ex-
tended over two or three seasons, so as not
10 give the tree too much of check. In
young aud growing orchards less pruning is
required only sufficient to keep up the
proper appearance Of the tree, and to cut
out any interlacng boughs that may inter.
fere with each other, or that keep the sun
out from the inside of the tree. Frequently
novices cut out more than is necessary of
the tops Of some such trees as the Northern
Spy or Rhode Island GreeDing, as when
these come into bearing they are usually SO
loaded down with fruit that the head of the
tree is made sufficiently open without re-.
sorting to the saw.
When the diameter Of the limbs is more
than an inch, then the cut surface should be
we'll covered with shelac varnish or coat.
ing Of paint. This will keep out the rain,
and will prevent injury being done by the
elements, besides causing the wound to heal
up much sooner. The shelac varnish is
made by dissolving gum shellac in alcohol.
1t usually takes a day or two to dissolve, and
should be made Of about the consistence of
paint, and can be applied with small sized
paint brush. IL paint is used, then a dark
color, brown or black. accords better with
the color Of the bark. Before applying the
shellac, or paint, it is necessary to smooth
over the wound carefully with chis0l or
sharp knife, and all cut surfaces are better for
being treated in this way, whether paint is
applied on not. This vanishing or painting
should be done sometime before the sap COM
mences 10 run. 1t is decidedly preferable
to do il as soon after pruning as the weather
will permit it might be overlooked it left
until the hurry Of spring, and in the mean
time the action Of the weather would prob
ably be far from beneficial. Suckers grow
ing up around the base of the trees should
also be cut of if the snow does not prevent
though if cut in July or August they will
probably be less likely to grow out again.
Any month in winter will answer for
pruning; probably January or February
are the best. Iu many places March will
prove good time, aud where other work
will not interfere, it may even be delayed
until April, or until the buds commence tC
start. 1t is not necessary to pick out cold
clustering days for this work, but selec
such days as will make this employment a
recreation aud pleasure. h. II. HANEs.
Malden-on.Hudson, NJ Y.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
How to Feed Cows When Dry

A correspondent of the Live Stock Jour-
nal asks for directions for Feeding cows when
dry. The editor, who has made speciality
of feeding animals, replies as follows:
The prevalent opinion seems to be that
the COW should be fed sparingly while dry,
and even at the last end Of the milking sea.
son. This opinion is based upon amis under
standing of the case The COW, after the
calf reaches the third month in development.
must, Of course. sustain this fetus and give
milk besides. Can she do this OIL spare
diet 2 When she is dried of two months
before coming in, she has still to sustain this
other life and growth and to keep up her
own condition. Besides, cows usually are
thin at the end of milking season--certainly
thinner than they should be when they come
in. Can the COW grow the calf and increase
her own condition on meager diet? There
would seem to be only one answer to these
questions, and that is that the COW should
be fed generously while dry. But it does
not follow that this generous feeding should
be of fattening food. There is the whole
difficulty in the case. Corn is the ever
| TeduJ lOOu lOE StOCAi auu il LueJ are W Ue
fed extra it is very apt to be corn meal
This will do very well in small quantities
but not in large, for corn is heating food
tends more to fat than muscle--and that is
not tho best food to grow the frame of the
calf and to build up the waste of the system
Of the COW. There is no danger in feeding a
COW we'll while dry, but it should be muscle
and bone. e.making food rather than fat. Oats,
bran, oil-meal, pea-neal, clover hay,--these
represent the best foods for the COW while dry
or iu milk. Corn meal may be given in small
quantity, with other food. We have found
pint to a quart of oil.meal, per day very
beneficial to COW while dry, and seldom
winter cows without it. 1t is worth all il
costs in regulating the digestive organs and
promoting health, besides being cheap food
Mr. S. should be cautious about feeding hi:
COW, that has tendency to fatten, on any
heating food. Four quarts Of bran and on'
pound OF oi-meal per day, with good hay,
will ill his bill. Different cows need differ
eut treatment, bat all should be fed gener'
ously while dry.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28

queens can be raised by the bees from any
card or any part Of a card 10 the hive, pro-
viding it contains either worker eggs or
worker larv@ less than grain Of wheat In
size. If an egg that would hatch drone
be treated in Che same manner and allowed
to wallOw iu queen jelly ii will seem
TO thrive in the cell, but is destroyed after
hatching as soon as its imperfsctious are dis
covered by the workers.
8. Correct as rule. Though few years
ago apiarians in this country became wonder
fully excited over the supposed discovery that
queens might be mated with selected drones,
fertilized in confinement, and thus the quality
ofthe progeny bred up to any desired standard
With this view cages of cloth, wire, gauze,
etc, were constructed Of every conceivable
form and from three to twelve feet across !:
these were remodelled and changed to meet
certain wise suggestions and supposed condi-
tions, but as a rule it proved failure aud
was abau1oned, aud the bees allowed their
freedom to follow their natural inclination,
according to Huber. In further proof of
his fifth position, clip the wings of virgin
queen and she will lay, but her eggs will
hatch only drOuss. On the contrary, fer.
tile queen can lay for either drones or work
ers as she pleases. It is Of the utmost in.
portance which, for in the hive as in society
we cannot have too fsw drones or too many
workers, though it would seem rather rough
for our hard worked matrons TO kill of the
drones in our society, as do the workers the
drones that have become intolerable in the
hive
8. Needs no proof only ordinary observa-
tiOn to show that breeding cannot continue
without either natural pollen or the -four o
some kind of grain as a substitute; which
may always be fed prOftably in the spring in
our climate before the willows and poplars
furnish supply. q. 9. WAIT.
West Georgia, January, 1876.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
Improved Stock at Brandon,

Our stay at Brandon, in attendance on
the meeting of the board Of agriculture, was
made very pleasant by Hon s. l.. Goodell, a
member Of the Legislature, and leading man
in the town who, with bis family, proved
that they know how to make one feel at
home, which is the essence Of hospitality.
Mr. Goodell, though very largely engaged
iD the quarrying of marble, is also an ex-
tensive farmer, having "large possessions" of
farming property, He is especially interested
in breeding improved horses, having about
fifty of all ages. HIS stallion, "Derby Ba-
shaw" is horse Of great substance and
physical power as well as speed (having
trotted in 227) and of choice pedigree
"a friend borrowed the printed pedigree aud
forgot to return it, aud We will not attempt
to state it from memOry) His colts, like
himself are large and strong and show hn'
action. A bay two year stallion OF bis get
though in the rough, carries himself with
great style and the pride of a trotter. A
three.year-Old bay mare filled the eye il
every point, as she did Parson Murrays
who tried to transfer her to his own stable
by large offer, A Sorrel yearling out OF I
Patchen mare, is large one, and give
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
Cutting Feed.

A correspondent, who does not give his
name, inquiries, "What is the object Of
steaming food for stock when peck Of roots
a day with plenty of good hay is equal to
summer pasturage2 | have tried the cut.
ting and hot water arrangement, and found
it disadvantage for cows, for the reason
that they would bolt it down in n hurry.
| would not have good hay cut it it were
done Free"
Does our correspondent regard it as a
disadvantage to have the food Of COW in
such condition that she can eat it quickly ?
Is there any gain in having hay and other
course food so long and hard that the COW is
obliged to expend large amount of mechan.
ical force in eating it 2 IfsO, what2 1t is
usually regarded as a saving Of food to save
mechanical forcc 10 chewing it. Justly so,
we believe.
The notion that peck Of roots with plenty
of hay, such as is usually classed as good,
are equal to summer .pasturage, is contrary
to the belief of most farmers.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-01-28
The Farmers Garden.

Donald g Mitchell said at the meeting Of
the Connecticut board:
That old-fasbioned farmers garden should
be abolished it is too small and badly laid
out. 1t costs 50 much to keep it in order
that it is neglected till the crops do not pay
for the work required in its cultivation
Give the garden space, especially length.
Make room by taking room. Have the
strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, cur
rants and rhubarb in long rows, between
which the horse and cultivator may pass
freely and often without greater expense than
for ield culture. Have the rows of these
partially permanent plants eight feet apart
and plant rows ofsweet corn or other ANNALS
between