The daily gazette., 1876-02-16
[RST EDITION
CORRELATION OF FORCES.

TBETEACHERs' INSTITUTE.
Isterday afternoon, in school No.
G. Elton Buck delivered an il
|ated lecture on the Correlation
hroes." before largely attended
inr of the Teachers Institute
lecturer was introduced by Prof.
ey and at once commenced his
re- of which the following is a
synopsis
Fhe affections of matter were until
btlv little understood, the princi-
ara light, heat, electricity, mag
m and chemical affinity. Light,
and electricity were called i'm
erablcs, because they possessed
ensible weight; by others they
called 'incoercibles,' radiant
ers' and many other vague ard
tisiacAory names have been en-
Id to designate them. The dis
les of scientific men have been
by slow degrees and after repeat
Fperiments. Science did notcome
Minerva, completely armed from
cad of Jupiter, but was the result
INJURIES of tudy,profound thought
jncessant labor, like one of the
d cathedrals, erected in the Middle
by the successive labors of
ral generations. The sages ofIndia
ago promulgated the idea that
{ was indestructible. Since that
Bacon. Locke, Newton Leib.
Davy and others, have formed
ries approaching to the truth. but
+ manned in American philosophers
+ rove them by experiments.
Correlation of Forces teaches that
heat, electricity, &c. ARE not i'm
berable bodies, but manifestations
' brce, and convertible each into the
- (rs. Chemical affinity, cohesion
gravity are also manifestations OF
e. Energy, the term employed by
3kin is batter word than force. =
FACTION and motion are two forms
potential energy. When a weight
topped from height upon the
its energy has not been lost
ential energy has been converted
actual energy; heat and motion
been developed among the atoms
cient to raise the body to the
DIT from which it fell.
eat is caused by avibratory motion
municatcd to the atoms of matter
the enemy of cohesion, and thus
kn the temperature is sufficiently
f feased, cohesion is destroyed, and
solid is converted into a fluid. Al
~ htional rise of temperature will
hge it into a gas, where cohesion il
oniy destroyer, but a repulsior
n foduccd amongst the atoms. (Con
- lion by heat was illustrated by ar
s srimcnt, which, owing to advers,
<|t tnmstances, was partial failure.
y zen motion is arrested, energy il
>1verted into heat in the case of the
~ bustion of candles, coal and explo
l|I compounds. The explosion O
1upowder is an instance of stored III
QQfntial energy converted into actua
ufgy,"
be lecturer performed some expert
uo1ts to illustrate this fact:
8t A small portion of chlurate O
foRsh and sugar was ignited by
n1tch.
pd. Same mixture ignited by
rprlng sulphurlc acid from a height.
I'd. A coil of magnesium was ig
n r. by electricity, giving an intense
b. Metallic sodium and potassium
p1ng thrown into water, imm ediatel,
W hre and burned with brillian
e-soda and potash result from
oxygen OF the water uniting will
metals.
- ne fundamental law of the Cerre
pn OF Forces is as follows: If A
u, &c, be manifestations O
gy, then A plus b plus g plus u
equal some constant energy
uoes not imply that the result
ys 'he same, but that nothing is a
ia'ed. Heat can be produced b
lon and by percussion. The BLACK
II can heat cold iron by hammer
ufy wood can be kindled, as
10y saVages, by rubbing two stick
machine runs without, lubricatin
Is generated. The flint and ste,
percussion caps illustrate the sam
Count Rumtord, when employe
fnc Ming OF Bavaria in his canno
queries, noticed the great amour
eat generated by boring cannon
leu MN to investigate the caus,
olu theory that heat was subti
evolved by friction or percussion
sG9n saw must be abandoned, as
lu involve the belief that heat W,
'ea. Sir Humphrey Davy in 1S1.
.eI Two pieces of ice in vacuo
lrictlon. Steam engines conve
INTO motion, but are not then
es source, but instruments q,
!. Machines propelled by waite
produce heat,
1t las been ascertained by man
'ellments, that the mean annu
pofatlon from the sea is nine fee
i'aient to a power of several mi
OF horses,
discoveries in science!are frequen
n9 nO,,9lultaneous. Along with Coul
moro Wd' DIR. Jewel, of Edinburgh
meyer, of Germany, are entitle
ieuit Tor discoveries in their d
'loh' n9 The former proved that OF
tuu, cropped from height of q
ss, produced, when its motion W
s,' s,,,ed' heat enough to raise its ter
S.ure S0s one degree, Fahrenheit.
,ois ,o experiments proved that OF
-, -ve OF heat was produced by ia
- 4,lo feet. The thermal effe
n peu py arresting the motion of
n"mi uTn Dali, weighing 1000 pound