, 1876-04-22
science and Industry.

hard under the hammer when heateu
10 the proper cherry red, it may be
covered with sal: aud hammered TO
about the shape required. More soft
mes, can then be obtained, if desired
Ia Oiye further finish to the shape, by
sprinkliur it with a mixture OF salt,
blue vitriol, sal ammonlac, saitpeter'
and alum, made cherry red again,
sprinkled with this mixture aud ham
mered in:o shape. This process Is or
NAV be repeated until entirely hni'i-
ed. When ready, the steel Is harden
ed IN a solution of the same mixture
the result being highly satisfactory.
A novel and efficient machine for
cutting veneers has been Invented,
which is said to possess some vaiua-
bic advantages over the apparatus IN
use for cutting veneeTIng from round
blocks In the latter contrlVance the
knife is uarellel with the log, and IN
some kinds of wood however, the
beautiful appearance of the wood, on
being cut, is all preserved-and this
is the merit Of the new device, there
being, in It's arrangement, a conica'
shaped cutter ike pencil sharpener
the cutting commencing at the end CT
the log, the log feeding into the knife
or the knife to the log on lathe, the
veneering coming of; in the shaP OF a
scroll. According TO the representa-
tiops, this improved machine cuts the
veneering one twenty fourth of an
inch thick, the work being also oi
superior quality.
The interesting fact Is mentioned
that the temperature of the Arctic
seas, near Spilzbergen, som etimes in
creases considerably at the depths. 1t
appears, from a communication by
Captain Wells, TO the Royal Society,
London, that in the middle Of July,
when in latitude 80dg. 28miu. north,
the vessel being fixed in the ice, the
temperature actually Increased 10
plus 64dg. of a depth of 900 fa;homS,
proving, in his opinion, the southwark
flow OF a vast body of warm water.
This, it argued, could not have been
derived from the Gulf Stream, be-
cause nowhere as high as latitude
fifty or sixty degrees does 1t have SO
high temperature a. the surface
Even if the whole of the waite: OF the
Gulf Stream were spread over the
water Of the north, It's depth would
not exceed ten tath0ms whereas
warm water of forty-two degrre, Fab
renheit, occurs to the depth Of foul
hundred fa:hums, and north Of Spitz
bergen it is found as higa as sixty
four degrees at six hundred fa.homS
The true explanation Of this is Difficult
to arrive al.
The science of adulteration has beel
strikingly illustrated in the singular
| CpbtiONtlSl " bitu alO"1C EOAiO 'iui'
since between the wool manufacturer
and the secretary of the treasury
The wool manufacturers compliance
that certain class of goods were i'm
ported at low rate of duty which
should pay much higher rate-th
allegation being that these goods con
tained wool, whereas they were i'm
ported as containing only hair an'
vegetable fiber. The treasury de
paItment was at loss what to do il
the matter, and the experts employed
by it to examu the goods failed t,
decide the questlou-the fact being
that sheep produce both hair and wool
and that it is impossible to distinguish
between ;he hair of . sheep and Ia,
hair of certain other animals; further
the fine hair found next 10 the skin 0
many animals closely resembles wool
50 that The microscope fails to distin
guiSh whether the fabric is made 0
hair or wool, and chemistry is equal,
at loss, the ultimate composition be
ing the same.