Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1876-04-07
AGRICULTURAL. \
BREAKINC COLTS

j. d. an v. T. E'sHiHg Post.
AGRICULTURAL.
BREAKING COLTS.
Farmers should commence breaking their
colts when year old BY doing many
things % accus.om them to bride, harness.
ere Put on collar with harness and
trace occasionally. and lead him about a.
ar-t, the traces being thrown over his back.
The next time hitch the traces to a whifile-
tree, and let one person hold it up by tying
slo-t rope 10 1t. long enough TO be out OF
tfe reach OF his heels, while another person
may lead him by halter. Alter week
" Two the colt may be hitched 10 the fore
wheels OF a light wagon and led around
gently; and while be Is before the wheels.
md held by halter. let person touch ms
alnd legs lightly, 10 accustom him By de-
,ratS 20 being knocked considerably. 50 that
when he Is worked, and anything strikes
his .es~ by accident he viii not he lrighten-
3D. lt pays - break colts in this way.
PLANTING GARDENS EARLY.
Many people plant their gardens too ear
IS. In New England but few things should
Hc planted before May. Lettuce, onions.
Heets and peas are the first TO 90 in, to be
tJlJWed in two or three weeks with sweet
com, beans, melons. etc. In the States ex-
-cnding from Delaware 10 Maine. not a hill
& corn. beans or melons should be planted
before May 18th, and in cold Sprsngs il
would be better to plant such things about
May 25ih.
coon COWS CHEAPEST
Farmers make serious mistake IN nat
raising better sock. q it costs no more to
iced COW worth 500 than it doc one
..uf h #.r.|r ,
ler to have good COW, i to buy good bull
1t any breed that j. noted for producing
good mich COWS. and with two OF three
first rate native cows one can soon have
cows that viii milk 20 quarts q day Just as
well as those that give only six OF eight
quarts. AeariIng bulls Of blooded stock
can otten be bought quite cheap. TO be kept
year or longer before used. The Ayre-
>alre is probably the best milk producing
breed We have. The Durhams make the
best beef cattle. ayd sometimes good mIlke1~.
The Deyon~ are very handy, and make
splendid working oxen, but are not noted
as great mixers; the Aderneys and Jer-
seys (both about the same brsei) are too
snail for farm cIS and their milk j. too
rich o 60 90 cheC~s factories, as it produce
pound of butter To SIX or seven quarts
while native cows miik makes only pound
70 thirteen OF fourteen quarts Of milk.
OLD AND SEw STRAWBERRY BEDS.
A great many Old strawberry bed- are
now a complete mass Oi pla nt~ TOO thick 10
produce q good crop of iruit. Take a com
mon farm hoe. and havea blacksmith cut of
enough of each end t. leave hoe about
four inches wide. Grind this sharp, and
commence 10 thin out the plants. as soon
as the leaves have grown enough. 10 enable
you to distinguish between the old and new
plants. You should aim to cut out all
plants thar have grown two or more crops
OF fruit, 50 far As YOU can, and You thus
renew your bed and by following up this
system Of cutting out in the Fan OF Spring
every year, one may grow straw berries for
many years without resettlnE the beds.
New beds may be made either in the Spring.
OF in August and September but never wait
ti.l Fall when the bed can be set in the
Spring. TIE crop will be worth but little
till the second year. Plants set in April or
Nav two feet apart will cover the ground
with plants by Fall. Setting in rows is a
very good wsy-the rows two feet apart.
and the plants one foot apart in the rows.
with a narrow walk kept open between the
rows 90 pick the iruit from. See to 1t that
You don't set pistillate (emale) plants,
with no staminate (male) plants TO fertilize
them
SETTING EyERCREENs
Evergreen trees are the last to be set even
g- late as June. This, in all latitudes north
Of Washington, will do very well In dig
ging them up it Is best to do it Immed
ately after a rain, and let all the earth ad-
here to the roots that remains attached by
raising them carefully. The most of the
varieties req 4 re no pruning. ION; make
the common mistake Of setting them too
near your walks or fences, as they often
ha NJ 2, = faprf in a
meter
DAIEYNEN's ASSOCIATION.
The U:ica Herald gives summary of the
meetingsof five great Dairymen : Associa-
tons, in New YORK and other States 1t
says
Perhaps the most valuable convention OF
the winter was that Of the American Dairy
mems Association, at Rome. On the very
drst day there was evident an unmi stakable |
hostility to the manufacture of skim cheese,
and this opposition seemed to express the |
sense Of the convention during the entire
session. Representatives OF both factories |
were present, ready to champion the the0- /
res of deep and of shallow setting IN the |
manufacture of butter. Eastburn Reeder, |
Ut PENNSYLVANIA, presented a detailed ac- |
count Of experiments which proved c0nclu- /
svely to him that shallow setting produced /
the best results. His experiments led hlm /
% conclude that the best results were at I
tanned by setting the milk at a depth OF |
from three to tour inches, and alta tempera- |
ture Of from 5j to co. ;. \ greater guam |
tiy Of cream was produced by deep setting. |
bur il would not Weld more than 20 10 - /
per cent of butter while cream produced /
by shallow setting would yield from - 10 .
50 per cent of butter. This was, by far, |
tne most conclusive argument Tor shallow |
setting presented at any OF the conventions.
L. : Hardin. presented the other side OF |
the question in his paper on Swedish deep |
setting but il was not fortified by expert |
ment 50 strongly as was that Of his OppO |
uent. The most significant paper Of this I
convention was that Of John 1. Ellsworth, /
Of Barre. Mass He described an expert /
meut by which he had succeeded IN making .
good skIm cheese and if any experlmenter .
can discover method Of making perma-
nently good skim cheese, be VIII 90 that I
which will reyOlutiOnlze the dairy industry /
II f4etorymen knew how to make GOOD |
article OF butter and OF cheese from the /
same milk. they would straigbtway proceed |
TO their manufacture with a view to greater /
profits. Mr.. EllsWorth's method was sim /
pie. He heated his milk TO l30 as soon |
az be could after milking. and proceeded /
then in the usual way
Prot. q. {. Caldwell, Of Cornell, pre- /
sentei two methods Ot keeping nlik sweet. ]
One was the use OF bOrax, which * extreme /
ly destructive to gormInal animal lie, and |
DESTROYS the animal taint. The other pre- /
serya,ive is salieylic acid, new dIsiniect- |
ant, prepared from carbolic acid. A MIN
ute quantity of this acid added u milk VIII !
prevent its securing ior many hours
At Norwich the New York State assoeia-
ton held the first convention OF the winter
Very prominent at this meeting was the as
cusslon called firth By the paper OF Prot j
p. Roberts, who attempted to prove by ae-
tugl figures that it cost much less to heat |
food and water in a kettle by steam Tor cat /
tie, than it does TO provide the necessary /
vital heat TO warm it in the stomach OF the |
cow. Ii will be remembered tnat by his !
computations, as much heat could be pre- |
duced hy steam for 81, as the expenditure
Of S32 p would produce when food Is fed
cold in a cold yard, and Its nutriment Is
largely consumed in the evolution OF vital
heat The professors figures seemed CON
elusive. but they produced much discussion.
There is no doubt, however, that his paper
strengthened the conviction generally thg'
cooking feed in winter pays, ana that cattie
should be provided with comiortaoie neau-
quarters. Those who could not accept ms
exact figures were willing to accept MS
general principles. The question oi soiilng
mich cows is yearly becoming more anu
more pertinent. Prominent farmers nave