The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-06-18

the products Of the Soudan TO the Algerian markets
During the thirteenth. fourteenth and fifteenth ccntu-
res. up 10 the time Of Ottoman Intervention the
Mediterranean territory and the French conquest Of
Algeria commerce here in a most fourishing con-
dition The Arabian caravans which then included
many merchants from Southern Europe, went far
Timbuctoo. and to the Tchad Now they only go
to Ghadames. The oasis which the Turks took pos
of thirty years ago, part Of the TrpoIitan
province. Under the pretext OF community OF ideas,
but reality take IRON Tuns the Ghadamese
vans which had for long period traded there, the
Pacha OF rrpol took possession OF Ghadames in tho
OF the sultan. his master. and caused all the
Caravans from the interior to go rripoli Could
dare suspect good English cousins who always
practical in business, Of having facilitated this
combination which permitted them TO receive, via
Malta, in most direct way, all the products OF the
Soudans 1t is fact that the English the only
consgnees OF ostrich feathers tusks OF ivory and other
products that have dcae INTO Ghadames,hati is
say taking them from the very gates OF the French
Sahara possessions!
GOVERNMENT.
The political and administrative authority OF the
Turks is represented by acknowledgements
whom The people give the title OF hey. Tho direction
OF local and communal affairs Ia conhdcd to body
called DJcmaa, while business matters disputes among
the merchants &c, attended to and arbtrated by
another body called the MedJe.cs The Djcmaa Is SIM
ply modelled amer municipal councils, while the
Mediees represent chamber OF commerce and board
of arbitration. cadi, Judge, administers justice.
Religious instruction given by the IoIba Swans
in eight mosques, in which prayers read aud tho
Koran explained. Secular Instruction is gwen ut the
homes OF the pupils, and consists simply in teaching
them to read, write This applies the boys
only. The girls content themselves with learning tho
pray according TO the law and the Prophet
rHK .GAHRisox."
Internal order is maintained by two shcks, and tho
guarding of the city is conhdcd ordinarily 100 intan
try, commanded by bachaga Tor hashaw) and hfy
cayalrymen. During our stay here this little garrison
reduced to ten cavarymcn, Ave Of whom only
mounted. These the only cavalry 10 accompany
the Governor pursuit OF the robbers, OF which I
duly sent You full report There are also a few zaf-
It's a kind of special police who charged with
the arrest and summary punishment Of evil docrs tho
punishment usually consisting sound beating with
the 'ocust For thre months the Governor awaited
the body guard OF afty horsemen promised him from
Tripo. on the evening OF our departure nineteen only
OF these had arrived in the oasis; the others
pccted next year. So much for Tlrksh official prom
promptncss. don't know how the military
affairs generally the Sultans PROVINCES but the
samples OF his army Ghadaines augur very sadly
the great bulk OF the Turkish forces in TripolL The
costume Of these poor fellows consists OF striped
calico shirt and buggy .pants, reaching to tho
knees fastened the shirt at tho waist by means of
a leather strap; the traditional caiotte-rouge,
peaked cap, which rests apparently the three top
hairs of the OF the head, decorated with dark
tassel, and cksa, woolcn wrapper, which
the back Of the head and hangs down loosely the
shoulders. These both duty and during
leisure. In Turkish countries they seldom undress.
II they do II Is with a good deal OF grumbling
TO tho terrific hardship to which humanity
is subjected AS TO Their armament, they simply
carry tho long barrcllcd, lntlock guns which
so familiar to iorefathers. BY the hundred
years the known to civilization may be
served out to Ottoman troops from their Asatc head
quarters, not from Constantinoplc. The day left
the OASIS tho Governor and all the garrison"
panied lar zouaia situated about an hours
journey the city, Before coming tho traditional
forms of bidding an adicu--the bics ,seiama-he
ordered
MILITARY REVIEW
in honor farce whose comic aspects will long be
remembered by US. II farce and "A sham fight
very much of a sham, and confoundcdly little OF
light Tho Governor gave the command and the tor
midabe army OF twenty-five fastened TO the battle.
Whcwl The horses started OH with terrific rush,
but the word 10 fire nearly every gun snapped
literal CLASHES in the pan''-and when they to
charge their cudgels short that they could
reach each other all One fellow made achargc by got
ting round behind his agonst- safe position While
these wonderful cvolutions were going a group OF
Touareg, calm, stern supporting themselves their
long lanccs, girdcd about with their broadswors the
lett hand holding the guard of this terrible weapon,
with ponards up their sleeves, where they always
hid stood and looked this chd's play with the
Indifference. With these rough lighters for real
comba,ants the play would have been agreeable
for ''les soiats de Sd Majessen
Ii would be difficult give tho exact population of
Ghadames. We think however, that there not
than q, 900 inhabitants In the oasis Tho number of
palm trees according the last enumeration given
ut 24,ooo, but We think it reaches 80, 900.
The aspec. Of the city, viewed from the Hamada. IS
similar TO all the OF the desert line OF palms
the south side then tho houses commence and cx-
tend from the wall; then palms and houses tho
white ex,criors OF which contrast pleasantly with
the foliage Of the palms No minarets TO be seen.
but few small mosque domcs peer above the vast ex
panse OF sombrc green and give interest to the tabeau
by their svcry Wilderness. The palms, mostly in small
gardens fenced abort with dried clay walls
superficial area o, some 800 square yards In the
and the side of these the city, whcrc
most OF the houses enclose other gardens Of palms. dug
out below tho level OF the streets.
SPRING
period springs from about the of the city, from
the middle OF square basin seventy feet square. dug
quite steep at the sides, beyond which Atlc
low walls backed with scaly trunks of the robust
palm. whose ever lcx bic plumcs reflected in this
lmpd and transparent source which Is clear enough
permit you depth very nearly with the
eye alone At OF the angles there little pavilion
constructed after the European fashion, One story
high, pierced with little green windows At the sum
init, from stan about high again the cdillce,
depends the red flag AMI the States tho
sutae This pavilion Is The property Of the Governor,
aud scrve~as meeting place for the members Of the
Dicna. The water Of the spring thermal, and has
warmth OF eighty six degrees Fahrcnhei, aud Is tastcc
We seized with astonshmcnt at the sight OF ths
sprne-at the sight OF such had not seen
Tor so many long days. We admired the commanding
grandeur of these old palms reflected th,s wa,cry
Frequently, during bright, starry nights
Inv ho lirht ~ he me tb.fu