New-York tribune., 1876-09-30
FEATURES OF THE FAIR.
rnn11erpIAI. EnncATIoN.

ggRoM OCcAstoNAL CORRESPONDENT OF THE ii"DuH'"l
PHILADELPHIA, Sept 21.--The important
body of men may be described by the German WoIu
,ovtachnkarsfor lack of better-hOd that the body
and the miad may, and in many cases ought TO Dc ed
ueated toeether that knowledge ought to be acquired
with reference 20 uses ard WITH accompanying stuuy
Of those uses the forces Of nature and her dden
material resources may be more and more rapdy Een
dered subservent 10 the comfort aud the prosperity OIL
man Art in this view, ought 70 be welded 70 the Ars
and 40 blend beauty and utility. While the sehooiman
extols his gallery Of painting and sculpture, the poly
teehnkeF points 10 his CyprOte pottery MS CeS anu
his Morrses with equal satisfaction aud with no ooFio"
disadvantage In respect Of money value. huttuoes OF
students educated in this way, II at AL NoS al
polytechnic schools however, admit the necessity OF
manual dextcrity element Of training except SO
far az skill In drawing concerned or give any training
al all In art The difference in the organzauon-pahs
lies mainly I'm admitting denying that manual lapor
has any place in a school. Those who deny tare gen
orally clear skill in handierafS should De &c
CURED either before after the school period Ihere 10
no mistaking the general tendency toward conviction
that the mechanical engineer ought ut some time 10
have practical familiarity with tools.
industrial education az forth by its methods and
its results at Philadelphia appears in schools Of engineer
ing-some Furnished with gorAshops and some without
aud schools OF industrial art OF the first shall speak
IN this article They propose Mt boys in the best pos
sibe way by judciOus e0nmingng OF theOretlcal ana
practical instruction for efficient service in that VIDE
range Of productive and constructive arts caeH ehen
eering" They do not any disqualification in their
students IL for the walks Of the schoolman, ex-
cent disnelipston The recent address OF President
Holey OF the American Institute Of Mining Engineers
contains sentiments wh ch accord exactly win the
latest declarations Of leading German educators that
preparation the technical school should be as proad
and as deep the college One Of the most complete
and interesting exhibits is that from Sweden This re-
marx ia true Of the whole educational exhibit from that
country. 1t been believed to be country when
had exhausted itself In giving to the world the chare
ter OF Gustavus Adolphus People were not prepared
to see manufactures arts and art stamped WIN inc
marx Of a high and advanced civilization, from this
fay OF country of the North The secret of her obvious
prosperity is hidden, Of course, with the IRON OF her
hills whatever product commands the market draws
capital and gives power. Sweden was not $40"
to see that IN order keep her people from the evil in
hepce of nhowing wealth. and IN order TO maintain the
suDerioty OF her products people must be educated
IN industrial science and Industrial art Pupils IN the
lower schools even begin learning handicrat lhe Mas
primary school exhibits samples of pupils work, such as
toys small tables and shoes Claesorp does the
same with moro elaborate examples. OF the $500 pri-
mary schools in Sweden 900 teach trade These
nehools are not all public schools but in many cases
under the care of patron who pays the children Tor
their work leads them TO the idea and the pos
sibty OF seltsupport by judlcious methods. vi the
Mas school, August Abrahsmson is the patron Insruc
ton in handicraft is never paid for by the pub
in public schools at some patrons expense. Girls
and boys share equally in these special advantages
From the primary schools pupils who aim at the indus
trial arts pass the higher primaries, whefe the
future workmen receive education GThere Is an
entirely separate after this for classical studens
Thence many go through the polytechnic In addi-
ton to this orderly system, there are private high
schOos supported by tuition where pupils receive spe
eIal technical instruction Such school at Vrana
makes fine exhibit Of drawings, models, g. Some OF
Its pupils are 80 years old The pOlyecnics at Boras
and at Stockholm make particularly fine display OF all
sorts of students work, including machinery
This whole significant and important educational move
ent In sweden dates from the publication Of siiest-
rons travels in America thirty years ago. Since that
time they have been endeavOring to bring their Pubhc
school system up Ours" and II must be pleasing
surprise to them to find to what extent they have sur
PASSED us OF tho results of this technical training the
sWedes show first and most nOticeably body of young
engineers who speak two languages are sharp OBJ
servers clear reasoner and evidently able to deal th
new problems Their exhibit OF iron is accompanied ny
exact analyses OF and products and drawings OF
works In al the production there is evidence of
the directive and controlling power trained minds be-
hind the skful fingers The exhibits in technical edu
cation are shown in the Main Budlng-the rest in the
Swedish SchOolhOuse.
The Artisans school at Rotterdam makes cOntrbu-
ton OF drawings and tFade-w0Tk done by pulls Tho
English visitor can reed three tablets: He who
knows not IL Is to labor, knows not what It is TO
ep,oy-IBair" TO business that love we rise
betime and 20 TO it with deght-tShakespeare." And
An institution where boys from IL TO 10 are practically
and theoretically trained become clever artisans"
There ia abundant evidence that the notices guide TO the
fully accomplished end
Rnssa exilIts TO considerable extent the methods Of
the MOSCOW Polytechnic schoO-tbe which attracted
50 much attention Vienna and which Is not surpassed
by any similar school III the world.
The great and ancient polytechnic schools Of Europe
however appear mainly by their results in European
engineering From Zurich there reports, drawings,
statistics &C. bat the Swiss engineering works are more
prominent than the steps by which they we're accom-
plshed From tine Netherlands there Is splendid dis
MAY OF drawings 1dges and models Of the dikes,
shaving the process OF construction, especially the pro-
posed system for draining the Zuyder Zee. On the plan
of the latter printed the refrain characteristic OF the
sturdy and cheerful LOwlanders;
Harlem Lake Is Drained
a Ano neace Sls1nsf rs maintained, Y SuS
Zuyder Zee gets dry.
French and German engineering Is hardly shown nc al
sDatp does better Italy Brazil has made
promising beginning 80 too have the British colonies
OF the treatment Of iron the Exhibition furnishes In
stEretiye examples Germany IN Machinery Hall, shows
aeomplete furnace with samples Of ore from Hegen,
near Cologne aud by, immense bars Of Bessemer
asteel-one 10 meters long--rOled from one ingot.
Krupp's big gun stands guard all. Sweden, Nor
way and Russia In this and in the Main Building make
marvellous contributions II will be found that the men IN
many Who reguiated and directed their production are
r the parr graduates OF special schools The iron
yaua In tho Main and Government Buildings, Is the
result Of careful study and trial The scholar ana the
Arean have Joined hands every where III the rluphs OF
Bessemer and Semens
Engneerng schools in the United States are not be;
hind the European. Cornell shows steam engine, and
some other good work, Machinery Hall Illinois indus
trial Uniycrsityin the State rooms-las made proin,
sinR beginning The Stevens IDstitute OF Technology at
HObOken exhibits mainly its stores OF apparatus Tue