davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
The Montenegrin Senate.

THE Senate holds its formal meet
ings in a wing of the old palace-a
long low building of anything but
cheerful aspect. erected by the Vladi-
ka, Peter H., at the foot of the rocky
crag ON which the monastery of Get
TIME stands, and popularity known as
1.-THE Bigliardo" from the circum-
stance of Peter II. providing it with
billiard-table which he had sent from
Italy. This mysterious object, the like
of which had never been seen in Mon
tenegro before, and which required
some fifty men to convey it along the
goat-paths leading to Cettinje, pro-
duced profound impression upon the
crude mountaineers, who nicknamed
the palace, which they thought had
been specially built to receive it, after
it. The hall in which the Senate meets
is Il plain whiteWashed apartment,
with one end cut off by the wooden
barrier, which forms the bar of the
judicial tribunal. The Senators group
themselves around worm-eaten ia
bic, the President being accommodated
with an old oak armchair. This is
step in advance of what prevailed in
Prince Danilo'S time, when the Senate
met in a long, low, matched building
scarcely better than barn, divided
into two compartments, in one of
which the mules and donkeys of Sen
ators coming from distance were
stabbed, while the other was reserved
for the deliberations of the august
body. The apartment was bare, with
the exception of a strip of carpeting. a
long stone h nch against the walls,
and some chairs grouped around
the hearth, on which, in winter, a huge
fire was kept blazing. Here the Sena-
tors, after divesting themselves of
their heavier arms. but invariably
with their long pistols and poignards
stuck in their belts, would take their
seats, all of them smoking during their
discussions and while the official docu-
ments We're being read by the Secre-
tary of the Prince. Whenever the
latter was present he mingled freely
with the Senators, sitting among them
on the same stone bench, but raised up
a tritle on a small cushion. When the
business on hand threatened to extend
beyond the usual dinner hour, it was
the common practice to roast sheep
whole in the Senate hall. and for the
Senators to help themselves from time
to time, without any interruption to
the proceedings. The Montenegrin
Senate, including the President and
Vice-President, is composed of sixteen
members. The President receives
GAO per annum, and the Vice Presi-
dent e120, five of the Senators who re-
side regularly at Cettinje being allowed
sixty pounds each, while nine others.
who do Senatorial duty for only three
months i'll the year, are remmerated
at the rate of thirty pounds apiece.
The Government of Montenegro is es-
sentially despotic one, spite of the
titles with which certain functionaries
are invested. The Prince is master of
everything, the Senate having merely
to register his DEGREES. Still whole
some restraint is imposed on him
through fear of his uncle Danilo's fate.
If he became thoroughly obnoxious to
his subjects, a knife or pistol would
speedily show how an Objectionable
ruler might be got rid of.-PaU Mall
Hnzette
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
Sabhath-SchOOl Teachers cara.

1. Be punctual in your attendance.
3. Prepare yourself for it.
g. Let there be order and quiet IN
the school.
a. Avoid everything trifing.
). Be serious and earnest both IN
manner and in teaching.
G. Understand the lesson thorough
:. Let no time be wasted OF unoccu-
pied. :,
8. Teach Jesus and the way OF sal
walton.
o. Seek to impress every lesson upon
the heart and conscience.
10. Let the Scriptures be the burden
of your teaching.
II. Remember it may be your last
opportunity.
II. Consider the value of the soul.
10. Expect success in your labors.
IA. Pray daily for each member OF
your class.
Is. Invoke the aid of the Holy Spirit
in all your efforts.
49, Do not be discouraged.
II. When the school is closed avoid
trihing conversation.
IS. Let your life illustrate and con-
firm YOUR aching.-Christt0n Intetlt'
UG1lceT,
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
PanIcS IN SchOOl-H0uSeS.

IT seems to us that remedial meas
ures are needed to prevent the occur
renee of the panics which, on the
breaking out of a fire, real or magma
ry, always occur in crowded schools,
or at least to obviate the dangers Incl
dent to the headlong rush which takes
place when the tumult overpowers the
means of prevention. Several such
scenes of confusion have lately been
witnessed in this vicinity, and they
are becoming sufficiently frequent to
render parents unwilling to permit
young and feeble children to attend
the crowded public schools. A panic
occurred the other day in a large
schOol-room because a steam pipe,
leaking, discharged into the apartment
cloud of steam, which the children
supposed was smoke from fire. An
other was just avoided through the
scholars being at recess, when a genu-
inc fire broke out near the recitation
rooms, and on one of the stairways
which formed means of egresS.
The prevention of disastrous confu-
sion demands the greatest care, espe-
cially from those who construct school
buildings and those who are respon-
sible for their management. That
such care is not exercised, we are per-
suaded from the frequency with which
panics occur. Had the steam pipes
been in proper order, or inhammable
materials not existed in the school
houses, neither of the above examples
would have happened; and SO,
in every instance, some provoking
cause can generally be found,
which is attributable to a lack
of proper vigilance or the absence Of
proper precautions. School houses
should be tire-proof and contain no
material likely to feed flames. Even
the probability of spontaneous com
bustion should be considered and no
vi VI Pu1h ultHb ICIluI SlIouIu NC
allowed to accumulate upon or around
the steam heating apparatus. So care
fully should risks be avoided that,
while considering plans for new struct-
ures, or the Introduction of new APP
planes into old buildings. the ques-
ton whether there IS anything in the
schemes or projects proposed, which
by any possibility might determine
conditions sufficient to cause a panic,
should be fully weighed. The case is
one in which the ounce of prevention
is worth great many pounds of cure,
although in the latter respect much
can be done in providing ample modes
of exit. If some rigid system of in
spection of all school buildings, to be
made by men thoroughly conversant
with all the causes of schoOl-houSe
panicS-the principal of which, of
course is fire-were enforced, we
probably should hear much less of
children killed and injured through
the efforts of a frightened crowd to
escape.-Scientif american.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
a Narrow Escape,

On Saturday last. four men, whose
names it is not necessary for us to
give, were coming from Hog Island, a
little out of the Chippewa River, in
the mighty Niagara, but very short
distance above the rapids. when, ow-
ing, report has it, to having on board
too much of Gilchrist's California bug
juice, they capsized their little bark,
and were at once hurried on by the
rushing tide to the verge of that far
famed cataract. Three of the men
succeeded in grasping with dead-like
grip the hull of the boat, Selling the
fourth man, and vainly endeavoring to
get him to hold on to some of the ropes
attached to the sails, but he was top
heavy by too potent doses of the Cali
fornia nicotine, and failed to compre-
bend his danger. His companions,
every time he broke loose from their
grasp, managed to get fresh hold.
Time was getting very short, and the
mad waters, running at perhaps twelve
miles an hour, waited not for their
prey, but rather seemed anxious to get
them into the fatal rapids, which they
were fast approaching. AT this criti-
cal moment one of the steam tugs en-
ployed in towing mud scows in the
Chippewa River was headed by it's
Captain, who had just observed the
position of affairs, toward the drown
ing men, with all the head of steam on
it could carry. Heading off the wreck
the tug hove to in the hope of catching
them in their mad fight, and ropes,
buoys, ETC., were hastily got ready to
throw to the poor fellows. Here comes
the most wonderful part of it. just
as the yawl struck the tug and was Sc
cured, the four men vigorously struck
out for the shore, swimming in good
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
TRANSMISSION of Blood,

TRULY science has, as was said re-
Gently by one of its eminent votaries,
cts romantic side" Its history pre-
sents not few deeds of heroism and
self-sacrilice; its results have not sell
dom been attained by suffering volun-
tarily inflicted, and have now and then
cost the lives of willing victims. The
young Berlin doctor who, when dead
ly contagious distemper was ravaging
the poorer households of that city,
thought he had discovered method
for its cure, and, knowing that its test
might be fatal, nevertheless boldly
tried it upon himself, and who, as he
lay dying from its effects, iotted down
his observations of its action on his
system until within nine minutes of
his departure from earth, was hero
to whom Sir Philip Sidney would have
DOTTED his hat. A deed scarcely less
noble, as it involved serious self-sacri-
fee, has just been done at Manchester
by young English medical student.
1t appears that a weakly young man
had a leg amputated at the hospital,
which made him so feeble that lie was
not likely TO recover. He was fast
sinking when the hospital doctor de-
clared that there was but one possible
way of saving him. Into the patients
languid veins must be transfused
quantity of warm blood from a vigOr-
Gus, living man. A young student,
who heard this, at once stepped for
ward and offered his own blood for the
purpose. a pint of the vital fluid
was thereupon taken from him, and
sent circulating through the arm and
body of the moribund youth Within
two hours he revived, recognized peo-
pie, and was pronounced on the way to
recovery.
The young medical student to whose
unselfish heroiSm this good result was
due may possibly have worked even
better than he knew. 1t was long
matter of discussion and doubt
whether This operation of TRANSMISSION
could really he performed SO as to
transfer the vital vigor of one person
to another. 1t is not at all a new
idea, indeed, for we read of its hav-
ing been tried on certain Pope four
centuries ago, three young men being
compelled to sacrifice their lives in
order that the decrepit pontiff might
thus renew his youth; but the expert
ment failed. The experiment has
been tried many times and in different
countries; and for the past half cen-
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30

fury the practicability of TRANSMISSION
has been generally admitted by the
profession. The difficulty is to sue
cessfully effect it; but it is well known
that the blood of animals has been
again and again transfused to the veins
of human beings with the best phys
ical results.
Of course the idea of TRANSMISSION
gives rise to many amusing fancies.
Can you make an old man young, a
cross man amiable, coward brave, a
nervous man, phlegmatic, by exchang-
ing the vital fluid in the veins? Is
there a modicum of sober truth
i'll Edmond About's funny con-
ceit about the "nose of a no.
tary?' The blood of lambs is some
times used in the operation of
TRANSMISSION; do the doctors frd the
patients thereafter more lamb-like?
How gratifying it would be if, by
merely vivisecting the gentle denizen
of the pasture, and transferring its
blood to mortal veins, we could trans
form the uncomfortable tempers
around us into perennial docility!
We fear, however, that psychological
results are not to be attained by this
very material process. Very much
will be gained, however, if we can re-
store ruddiness to pallid cheeks, and
strength to tottering body; if we can
see the consumptive revive under the
circulation of healthy blood yielded
to him by the self-sacrifice of another,
as the fainting vampire revived under
the moons rays; and if the effects of
those horrible sudden hemorrhages
which end in abrupt death from mere
loss of blood can be obviated by a
prompt TRANSMISSION. 1t may not be
that the fountain of perpetual youth
is to be found yelling up from the
heart of ones neighbor; but the gift
of health from one mortal body to
another has a certain poetry about it
scarcely less pleasing to the fancy than
the ancient fable, being significant of
human self-sacritice, a noble emotion
in which the ancient fable was want
ing.-AppIetons' Journal for Decena-
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30

II has been said by philosopher
that every cross word uttered, or angry
feeling experienced, leaves its unerring
mark on the face. This can be verified
by a close observation of the cOunte-
nances of those around US whose tenn
pers and habits are familiar to us, and
its truth thus established. And if the
lineaments of the face show traces of
such things, how much more must the
general, moral and mental system be
affected by them? Nothing is more
susceptible of proof than the state
ment that one angry word brings on
another, except the good old Biblical
saying that "a soft word turneth away
wrath Many people, really possessed
of a sincere desire to do right in all
things, allow themselves to fall into
the habit of using ungentle and even
unkind words to those around them,
when, if their attention were called to
the fact in the right way, they would
be astonished at themselves. They
mean no harm, but they do harm, both
to themselves and to their associates.
More especially is this harm percepti-
BILE i'll the family circle, where the de-
veloping child is the proud imitator Of
all the acts of its elders, and particu-
larry those which are pronounced and
noticeable. Here is where the care
lessly-sown seeds of ungentleness are
eventually ripened into a harvest of
harshness, and too often gathered in a
crop of vice and crime. Too frequent
ly are these sins of the parents visited
upon the children, even of the third
and fourth generation.
This all results from lack of full
appreciation of the meaning of Happi-
ness at Home. Happiness is made,
not born. 1t may with reason be
argued that it is All impOssibility to be
happy at home when one is crushed
by the cares of life by difficulties
crowding on every side. But that
brings us to the very point we are
seeking, and leads us to repeat, that
happiness is made. not born. If a man
| firmly resolves to throw aside the yex-
ing cares Of business, or woman the
aggravatiOnS of domestic life, when
the family is united, as most families
are once in twenty-four hours, the
thing is done. After the excitements
of the day the nerves are naturally
pretty "high strung" and an effort
is required to prevent their disturb
ance upon the slightest provOcation
but each effort renders its successor
easier of accomplishment. Thus, a
habit of gentleness, cheerfulness and
kindness can be acquired, which no
body sees but to appreciate, admire
and desire. The children acquire il
in youth and are saved the subsequent
efforts at self-control, while the neigh.
bors are softened by contact with it,
and the result is what we all should
seek-Happiness at Home. Rural
Ne1U Yorker.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
The Hebrew Brothers.

WHEN our great Teacher told his
hearers, in the Sermon on the Mount,
that they ought to make up their quar-
rels and forget their mutual hatreds
before performing an act of worship,
probably many of them felt their
hearts respond to his words. Any
Jew who brought his gift to the
altar" could know from his own
Scripture, that the form of prayer is
nothing without the right frame of
mind.
There is true story from the
Netherlands, that two Hebrew broth
ers, Joseph and Isaac, atfectionate,
but naturally high-tempered, one day
had a difference, and parted in hot an
ger.
1t was the day before the Sabbath,
and as evening drew near, Joseph's
wife observed him walking to and fro,
looking uneasy and unhappy. She fin
ished and laid aside her weekly work,
and waited for him to come in and
make the usual preparation. The sun
went down, but he still moved about,
and seemed to grow more nervous and
gloomy every minute.
She spoke to him. Husband, it is
almost dark. VIII you not light the
Sabbath lamp"
But Joseph paid no heed.
Presently she called him again.
Dear husband, why do you not come
in? The Sabbath has already begun.
Behold. overhead the Lord has lit His
stars. But our lamp is dark
Then Joseph, looking more troubled
than ever, suddenly seized his staff
and walked away, leaving his wife in
anxiety and wonder. He was gone,
however, bat very short time, and
when he returned his face and manner
were entirely changed.
Calmly he offered the Sabbath prayer,
and then, with a smile, he lit the Sab
bath lamp. His wife, still wondering,
questioned him.
"Rebecca, my beloved" he said,
81 could not worship till l was recon-
ciled with Isaac. 1t is DONE and now
am at peace
But" said she, chow could you
go to Isaac's house and come back so
sOon?"
"Ah, Rebecca, my brother could not
rest any more than /, and he met me on
the acay, and there we embraced and
wept togther."
"Be angry and sin not Let not the
sun go down upon your WRATH" is a
Christian precept. But more primi-
tive worshippers of God, who never
owned that the New Testament is the
perfect blossom of the Old, are found
to obey this as pious obligation. PROV
ing that the law of love is as ancient as
the Creation.
A grandson of Joseph and Rebecca
became Christian minister, the emil
nent Dr.. Capadose, of Holland, who,
while living, often related the above
story with delight and gratitude.
Youths Companion.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
Winter Care OF Cattle,

AFTER many years of the experience
of farmers in steaming hay, corn
stalks, etc, for cows and horses, there
is no evidence that any especial benefit
is derived from it, either in the condi-
ton of the stock or in the expense of
feeding. The natural food for cattle
is grass in summer and hay in its dry
state in winter, with roots and meal to
produce a large flow of milk; and al
though cows will eat steamed fodder,
yet there has not been any evidence ad-
duced that ordinary farmers can keep
them any cheaper on steamed than on
dry fodder. Then there is the expense
of the steamer, feed, and the cost of
attendance; all add to the expense of
feeding stock.
Last winter farmer in Chautauqua
County, N. Y, thought he had made a
discovery that would revolutionize the
winter feeding of cattle. He kept his
COWS for two or three months entirely
on Indian meal-seven pounds day
and he found that they apparently lost
no flesh, but discontinued chewing their
cuds.
What centuries have proved to be
good in the line of feed for cows
should not be discarded for any new
systems of feeding or new kinds of
feed, till they are fully proved to be
superior to what has preceded them.
Steaming hay for cows reduces it to an
unnatural condition, and feeding corn
meal alone is so preposterously absurd
that farmers will not, / think, adopt
that system, and thus endauger the
lives of their animals. If there is any
better way for wintering cattle and
horses than to feed them on good, dry
hay. with such grain, meal and roots
as farmers can afford. half century
of experience and close investigation
have failed to reveal it.
Much may be done economically fer
cattle and sheep by providing for them
comfortable winter quarters. A great
savingin animal heat and in flesh may
thus be effected. Probably no greater
mistake can be made by farmers than
not to give their sheep and cattle am
pie protection in the winter season.
Sheep particularly need protection
from both snow and rain, as it requires
day at least to dry them when thor
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
Reiqinus.
THE LAST HYMN.

THE sabbath-day was ending in a village by the
The uttered benediction touched the people ten
DERBY,
And they rose to face the sunset in the glowing
lighted west,
And then hastened to their dwellings Tor God
blessed boon of rest.
But they looked across the waters, and storm
was raging there;
A fierce spirit moved above them-the wild spirit
OF the air
And it lashed and shook, and tore them, TILL they
numbered groaned and doomed,
And. alas, for any vessel in their yawning CULTS
entombed.
Very anxious we're the people on that rocky coast
OF Wales,
Lest the dawns Of coming morrows should be
telling awful tales.
When the sea had spent its passion, and should
cast upon the shore
Bits of wreck, and swollen victims, as it oft had
done before.
With the rough winds blowing round her, brave
woman strained her eyes,
And she saw along the pillows large vessel iaii
and rise.
Oh, it did not need prophet to tell what the end
must be-
For no ship could ride in safely near that shore
on such a sea.
Then the plying people hurried from their homes
and thronged the beach.
OH for power to cross the waters and the PERISH
ing TO reachl
Helpless hands were wrung for sorrow, tender
hearts grew cold with dread,
And the ship, urged by the tempest, to the fatal
rock shore sped
She has parted in the middle, Oh, the half OF
her goes down.
God have mercy is His heaven far to see lor
those who drown!'
Lol when next the white, shocked faces looked
with terror on the sea,
Only one last clipging figure on a spar was seen
to be.
Nearer the trembling watchers came the wreck
tossed by the wave,
And the man still clung and foated though no
power on earth could gave.
Could we send him short message? Here's
trumpet! Shout away!
Twas the preacher hand that took it, and he
wondered what to say
Any memory of his sermons Firstly? Secondly:
All no.
There was but one thing to utter in the awful
hour of woe;
So he shouted through the trumpet, Look to
Jesus! Can you heart"
And Aye aye, SIR rang the answer DER the
waters loud and clear.
Then they listened, & HI is singing! Jesus, lover
of my soul"
And the winds brought back the echo, While
the nearer waters roll"
Strange indeed it was to hear him, till the storm
of life past,
Singing brave'y from the waters, " o receive my
soul at last"
He could have no other refuge! " Hangs my help
less soul on Thee
Leave, oh leave me not The singer dropped
al last into the
And the watchers, looking homeward through
their eyes by tears made dim,
Said " He passed to be with Jesus in the singing
of that hymn
Marianne birmingham, in Christian WOrid.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1876-11-30
STYLE for dear life, their cold bath evil

style for dear life, their cold bath evil
IDENTIFY just commencing to awaken
them to a sense of their peril. The
one of the four who had been the most
troublesome reached land first, and
straightway repaired to the nearest ho-
tel to complete the ducking inside that
he had got outside. In this he was
quickly followed by his chums, and
when safely ensconsed by the cheerful
stove, jokes passed freely round on
their narrow escape. The Captain of
the tug succeeded in saving the boat,
sails, etc., from certain destruction,
and he deserves great credit for his
prompt action on the scene of such APP
parent peril. WeIland CAM Iele-
0r1Dh