davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1876-01-17
The Republican call for the National Con.

The Republican call for the National Con.
yention IL nddrosscd to-
All Republican eo,tors and all other voters, without
regard 10 past political irespnccs PREVIOUS rnrty
Affiliations. who are o?1o,ol to rowling set slou.l
Issues, and dcare 10 promote ftsentllY feeling End
permanent hatunuy throughout tho country by main
tanning and enforcing all tho constitutional riRhs Ct
trery aeu, Including the full and free e1 reiao Of
the right al haEaga without intimidation. and With
out frlud who In faVos Of tbs cun.nuod rceccu-
ton aud punishment Of nil o!cial dishonesty, md Of
an economical Naturalization Of Tho Government, by
honest. faithful, rhl capable officers; who nra in
favor ot mailing puth .oforsna Ia Government
rar.onco may, from tiIno TO time. au9gcas; WHO
opposed 10 imrairing TIM credit Of tho nation by do.
precetiu8 any Of s obligations and In favor OF
taining tn srery way the national faith and fnantih
honor; who hold that the common school .ya'cn IL
The nss<ry Of American liberty. and should 10 main.
tatned absolutely fro. from aoettrlan CONTROL WIG be
eyeshat for the promotion Of t.oss ems tie dite.ton
Of the dorornnent should continuo to 10 conlod to
shoso who adhare 10 the principles Of 177 support
them ~ incorporated in tho Oauttituton and iuwa,
anl who aso In favor OF recognizing and strengthen
ing thu fundamental principle Of national unity in
this canteunal anniversary Of the btrth Of tho s-
public.
This, It will be observed sums up Ill tho
great moods OF tho day. II indorses recon.
ciliation, honest and economical adminstra-
ton, Civil-servico reform, spseic-pay
non.sectarian public schools, and the princi-
plo Of national unity as opposed to that Of
State sovereignty. Wo should prefer 10 have
seen speedy resumption moro explicitly in
dorsol, and wo trust that tho Convention will
improve upon tho Committee in this respect
Otherwise, it will be hard to find in tho call
anything that invites unfavorhble criticism.
II candidates who fairly represent these
principles ure nominated, they will probably
DO elected. Their defeat would show TINT q
majority of the people is opposed to the
schedule Of principles which NO have
sketched; and this 10 scarcely tonab1o hy-
pothesa.
, 1876-01-17

Whilo tho number Of failures in 1855 IL
greater than in any preceding years the nyer-
nge nmourt Of liabilities is much less tAan in
auy year since 1870. The yearly average Of
liabilities 10 each 1ailure in these years aro
thus giren
Eighteen hundrrl md seventy, fa All 1872 1886;
1873, St,o3: 1874. .0.a:;: 1915, s2',yo
The whole numberoe persons on tic books
Of the AGENCY doing business in the United
Stntes III G30,0o0; Ard the number of fail-
uscs, 1910, is equnl TO ono iu every eighty.two
houses doing business Tho increase in the
aggregate Of liabilities Is not gencruly dis
lributed, In round numbers, tile increase in
tito amount OF liabilities OF the failing houses.
~ compared with 1874, may be thus stated:
California, threo millions; Colorado, one
million; Georgia, four.anl-a-half millions;
fntliana, t7To-aad-a-haf millions; Kentucky,
two millions; Maryland. oight-anl-a.half
millions; Massachusetts, seventeen millions
Nevada, ono million; New York (stato) ono
million; New York City, seventeen millions;
Rhode Island, 1--WE miliionB; South Cnro-
lfna, one million; Virginia md West
virginia, ono-and-ahalf millions. In other
States the Increase Of liabilities was
less than million oach, while in
Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Kansas,
Louisana, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska,
New jersey, Ohio. Pennsylvania, Tennessee,
md Wisconsin, thora was positive tlecreasc
This increase in Massachusetts is largely duo
10 the continued strIkcs, that in Maryland to
losses in tho sueur rellne~ies, in California to
tho failure Of NA1sroA's bank. Neyala and
Colorado havo not been heretofore reported.
An explanation in given TINT in The case Of
panic, as in 1851 and 1879, tho first effects
arc fels by tho largest establishments, those
having the largest liabilities, and the ayerngo
amount Of liability to tho failuro is large;
us in 1857 the average linbility WINS $50, 200,
md in 1858 S29 9,0D0, aud in l85a Sl1,ouo;
80 in 1878 the ayoraya liability was 3il, 900,
in 1871 ?2G. 900, and in 1876 S.25, 100 The
largcr debtors aru carried down frat, md the
others, The moro numerous class, who escape
tho first fury OF tho storm, mud owe less, fail
after season Of hard atrugglc. Tho increase
in The number OF failures. therefore, is not
by itself an indication tint failure. aro be-
coming moro general. Thus, In Pennsylvania
the liabilities Of the failings in 1877, xas
:3l, 5,OuU. aud in 1874 VIVA $3i,7li,0
md III 1919 was only $,s.247, 900, whilo tho
number Of failures was about the Aamo in
cnch ycar. Tho comparative figures for hi.
nois nro somewhat curio,ls:
, 1876-01-17

The Legislature OF Virginia has rejected
the bill making an appropriation for the
representation Of that State at tho Centon-
nil Exposition, md the State Centennial
Com,nitteo las resigned Tho rcuson for
this is tho refusal to grant nn unnskol and
unsought pardon to JET DAVIS. In tho Rem
tucky Legislature, Mr.. JouN PnEsToN has
rropoand resolutions rcciting tho refuaal 10
pardon JEFF DAVIS, and that, as long as any
ono nun in tho country il denicd the right Of
complete citizenship, American liberty did not
exist, and, therefore, tho Commonwealth Of
kentucky could not with dignity join in tho
celebration Of the centennial OF American
freedom. The Carlisle [Ky.) Mercury in
doracs tho resolutions, aud tho Frankfort
Yeozaun denouuceH D1A1HE'H motion bocause
Of tho obloquy which it proposes "to heap
upon the Chief" Of tho x.Oonfetluracy.
, 1876-01-17

Tho elections for delegates who aro to
chooso tho members of tic Froncl, Senate oc-
cured throughout France yesterday. Tho
Paris Municipal Council elected v1cTos
Hroo delegate, who5o name, together with
hoso Of LOUIS BLANC, and pEYaaT, will ccr-
sainly ba placed upon tho SENATORIAL list Of
tho Department Of The Seine. In Paris the
majority Of the delegates aro moderate Re-
pubiicans. while in Ealen:o They nre Ra<l;-
Gals. Full returns from NIL the Departments
will not be received for several days,
, 1876-01-17

Ihe 1lu1so judiciary Committee Aa1 Dton
considering tho expetioncy Of repcalng tho
test ohth. Ono OF tho Democratic members
Of t1lo Committee proposes now form Of tho
modified pledge now eakcn by ex.Rebels It
seems this Is too much for tile delicate con.
science of tho average Confederate. lie takes
1t rs be sometimes does castor-oil, ,-bcoause
ho must; but he likes 1t not at all IL is
gravely suggested that horcnftar he should be
called upon only to say, II swear't to suprors
the Constitution Of tho United States," with
out any reference to the Union or to mental
reservations This il one Of whole bundle
Of straws that show which way tho wind
ia blowing at Washington. Ez-Gov.
VANCE introduces n bill to indemnify
Robel fosers "ip the late war between Tho
stntes." Senntor GORDON presents roBolu-
tions brimming over with state-lights doc.
trine, though tho particular right Of secession
is prudontty disavowod- Caucuscs Of Con-
fcderato soldiers Gro held to lictato tho
adoption of measures in honor Of JgrT DAVIS
to the Congress OF tho Union. BES HrII,
ex.Confcdernto Senator, graeiously rardouel
few short months ngo. comes from the
stump IN Goorgia, where IL has been threat-
oning war in case Of Republican SUCCESS in
1876, precisely as ho threatsned it in case OF
such M oyent in 1850, an1 proc!aims that tl,o
South fought in obedience to The Constitn-
tion and TINT 1t now proposes to carry cut
poaeeably Mt Washington the identical prin-
ciples for which it struggled on Vlreinian bat
tle-nclds. And now this amendment to the
oath is proposed What does it mean?
1t means that thu United StateB is to rocog-
nize tho very right Of secession which it
triumphautly combatted between 1861 and
1865, al thu cost Of millions Of money md
hundreds Of thousands Of lives. It mems
TINT men who are unwilling to support tho
Union are to bo allowed to take high Office
under the Union. 1t mcann that tho prepara-
tiona made BY FIoTD and other traitors be-
foro tho outbreak Of tho Rebaliion, by means
OF their positions In tho Government Of tho
United States, are to DO safely re-
pcated Whenever host Of imperi-
ous Confcdoratca think tint second
revolt is Gkely to bo mora successful than tho
first. It mems TINT tho declaration ,nado
two or three days ago by tho Confederate
organ at Washington, to the effect that geces-
sion was and is one Of tho "roscrved rights
Of the states, is to be rolemn1y indorsea by
dropping from tho oati any obligation to do
nnything moro than 10 obey any ono Of
myrial ways Of interpreting tho Constitu.
ton. Vos Ho1sr says. in his Constitutional
History Of tho United ststes," TINT necessity
is "the mother, not only Of invention, but Of
tho Interpretation Of constitutions" II the
Rail- - i'm I'll ~, kh-
, 1876-01-17

As Presidential nominations nre in order,
we beg leays to offer ticket to tho coming
Confederate Convention. It seems to iap-
ply combine the swallow.tail and short-hair
clc'nenta. 1t embraces representatives Of
thu mon who hrod ut the front Of tho Union
army md those who hopt up a fro In the
rear. It would DO greeted with thu old Con.
folerntc yell and with ths hoarno cheers Of
"the byes." BEN Hill would favor It, and
10 would PETEn d. SWEENEY. And tho two
candidates would havo this link bctween
lhcu,, that both hayo worn fottors aud both
aro now under indictment. It Ia possible
TINT tho suggested Vics-president may DO
disqualified by hasiug bceu born out OF thu
country, but Nlr. CAuLr1E1p can rush through.
IN amendment to meet this little difficulty.
Tho ticket, then, is-JksR DAVIS md Boss
TWEED.
, 1876-01-17

Tho Chicago produce ularkets were irreRu.
ar Oh Saturday. Mesa pork WIS actiyo unl
loo per brl higher, closing at Sl9.4 10 cash aud
tlo.473@l9.do for February. Larl was in
better demand, but closed 4!o por 100 Ebs
oweri at $19.27} cash aud S19375 for Feb.
uary. Meats We're quiet aud tir,acr. at 7tc
Tor shoulders, Lo.ed, lo1o for To short ribs,
sud lolc for do short clears. lIigEwines were
lull and unchanged, at gl.Os Per gallon.
Flour wns quiet aud hrm. Wheat was active
tnl slc higher, closing at sl,Oo1 cash and
ea.ool Tor February. Corn WIS dull md
ta'ler, closing lame at 49!c cash md 494c for
February. Oats were quiet aud easier, clos
Ing At BOY fer January aud 303c for February.
Bye was quiet, at G7c, Barley was dull and
i9lo lower, closing al 83o for January antl
7s39soe fos February. Hogs wsrs III gool
aeuand and arnss, Al $u.Ooaa7.ls Tor pasL.
, 1876-01-17

Tho widow Of ANDREW JonNaoN, tho dead
President, who, as tho common story used to
&c, taught her husband tn write after ,nnr-
lingo, followed him to tho undiscovered coun-
r. yesterday, her deatt, taking place Mt the
iouse Of llor daughter, Airs. PATTERSON. near
he village OF Grcanyjlle, Tenn.
, 1876-01-17

4 certain cotton clnim Of &c., 900 is rccciv-
ng the attention Of the Treasury Depart
ncnt Secret Service, with the result, it Is
'aid, Of developing degree Of " crooked
less " which is likely to bs brought lisngec-
IDLY noar to number Of persons, among
'hesn two OF thrce subordinate Government
tf{icints
, 1876-01-17
tEciatA

The rumor 10 prevalent in Washington That
az-GoT. MORGAN, Of New York, has in his
possession letter from Gen. GRANT in which
:ha President in ambiguous language declares
himself opposed to third Presidentia! term
and determined to refuse nomination for
further incu:nbsncy of iha Office should it bo
, 1876-01-17
pERG0NAla

Map!sson. Droasor OF uos Majosty's Opera,
has arrived in Sew York.
Mrs. Van Colt. tho revival.praaeior, SAYS ahs
ss pinipg for soula. She ia widow. Dowarsl
Tbs recent story In regard 10 shelloy's death
IL, on good authority. ptouonncod fabrication.
John d. Atwatur. Of Minneapolis, has been
awarded Philosophical Orat.on In tito Junior
Exhibition At Yaie College; and Frocos1ok s.
Winston, Of chicago, an Grafton.
James T. Fioids has again hois.ad himself up
by .bo hcot-atrapa IN Tow nrsszy remarks on
:ho lato Dr.. Howe. No u,sn oyor yot became
great msrsly by talking about otlot men.
N.s. Murpiloy has rccuns!dered hIa dososmi-
nation to dayote all lila time III tha future to tue
cd tosial management Of ths all saukee Sentinel.
Tue paper will 10 intruatoa to tho Giro OF hIr.
Dotklu.
Victor Hugo Is soon to publish two NEW
Hosks. a vouulo OF yosso entitled :" Los JusteH
Cocres," which Is continuation Of "L'Annco
Tes,iblo;" and q prose- work calod "L'Art
d'Etro Grand.Peso."
Poor Dick Schell, tho on1T Eastern Democrat
who has besn at all prominent asau advocate OF
'nlat!ou. won't into bankruosoy tho other day.
1ue end ho atn.ed At was personal salvation;
aud salvation Is good thing.
nlEco1d 10 fond OF roHs- Ha had trouble Ia
Several c's'os oofore eom'ug to Chicago They
say no ~ an nhp1eaSaat naa 70 naFe consfo-
sefsY WILL oeios tsaineo athaese. uo useo
4oo'pouna au'"o'pc''s !" as e1e1e'se'
Tim Rev. Dr. John Lori dsnies that hls sym.
pathies Wsre with tho Southern sllo during tho
Iata War. ua wAs uuioa Ia hls sentiments,
though ho derrecated Tue war. Nut he eum1ts
taat he waa aud IL conservative, both III Politics
und rotigion.
u,a,n. IT a.,,.,t ~ p,,t,3.,n,,t. ..,.tn,. .
tho upbouu,ied aucoea4 Of tbe M oody aud Ban.
,i.,,t n.,Ia.lt, o,,, atL,.,
hcf Wsetl"Ea III iuaaoep"@' A.'e 'oaapHaota
OF tho Qnakoe City s''ttn 70 sshl shas i":ning
1I"6s W "Ao"'4 :" ~ - Ns" >''' ""'" es1''"'
nlal yoar.- "uot oven sa'ssAl.
The ,suv. IaIos Et~~mau Clarke has been pas
to. oi t.. t,1nch OF tbs Dlacla!cs In Boston for
tL;1:y.tio ysars. Ga "Wednesday eyoutng the
members ol tls church presented tho T.u,toea
with flue portrait Of tho pastor, 10 10 held BY
them III perpstual tru.s. Tlo coat was about
81. 900.
Ina lelter to tl,s Efutro IN. " Gaxet,e. tin
INV. rt,omas X. Hoccbor n,,1rest, tl,.t tha liant,
or ueasn,. ntrent.Y nccepted Iiy 40 many cl,rip.
uans throuahou, tin wurld a. d ss.s,u Of d.yo-
ttou. b recognized aud observed as such by
ttone ,,ouomInnt,ona which hayo h,,hatto fs,led
to do no.
u.1n r.,at, =, .,,,- ,, t., r,.,on
~ ,a,ta, ~ ,s,.."ts', 11n ~" so. - .uc .so
1s x,',oh Inv. In .,o.. ~ shinh ,",, ~ Nav or lax.
, 1876-01-17

Little SAMMY SUNSET Cox boaatej, aftor max
ing Ills funny little reply to DLAISE's powerful
xr,a!enment o: JEFF DAy1s for bis atrocities On
Union ,rs1nels that "ho Ind killed jim
DIA1sE.n But tho next day BLA1sE got nfter t.le
iacalDus Little ahoo tly, and b,tchod him until
no cr1od OUT, SWELL, boilow away y.u afe .
hycnAn
, 1876-01-17

Tie Now York Tribune publishes in du.ail,
snorcia, agencies Of TINT city, n statement Of
the business failures and tho amount Of lia-
bilties during tho yoar 1875. The total NUM-
her Of failures in 1877 was 7,7lo, aud the
gross amount Of tho linbilitlos weru s20l,-
OGO, 1853. The number Of futures anuually
from 1887 to 1876, including tho amount Of
liabilities, aro s.atel by tho Tribune as fox
lows:
, 1876-01-17
It seems that tho Spanish Government was

It seems tLat tin Spanish Government was
moro fortunate than tho public iu general III
tscersaning The exact nature aud pnrport Of
HE circular aent by Secretary F1sn to the
European Powers. According to Ut7wll
dispatch from Madrid, spnin hns sent ont n
aote in reply. taking exceptions to tho repre-
tcntations ct the United States in regard 10
he Cuban question, md asserting TINT no
;enable ground exists for the proposed inter.
'ens!on or interference. JoyELLAn, tho npw
:aptain"Goneral OF Cuba, il believed to hare
dctated the note. which IL quite bc!ligercnt
1nd tlsiiant III tone. linking tho ground TINT
everything ia AZ It should be, and that the
Dnitod States Government Inns No causo to
complain
, 1876-01-17


e".n ooa ua9 puen napp'S eA'ea ING ofasof~
o'un' " W. So''S. S.''a' ~ oe"Bs"aS'
Ihe 'f1ttaonsg oazeae announces That 1s
voIco sa for tho Hon. William Strong. OF the su-
lnemo bohen. Tor fresldent Of tho un.tod
ota'eH'
NonId-be'Aeting-GoV. Aaines VIII havs to
consent 10 10 Alderman of his native village.
MunGeSan values nm Why, IN sne namo ot al
tnats holS' oootne "aaKeSan koep lin at
home
"blh1ho IL good nasutod man,-svVorS way
!a'go man" sa5a alt' Aalaseaa. Now II Nj.
aasstead does not ehangs hls nina bctwoe" this
ana Juno. thofo "lu 10 QUO b'alno man at toe
sl"e'nnes' eon'ens'oa WHO VII" Do noas IN
n'msc'f'
Senator Gordon. Of Georgia, ID IN favor Of freq
noo uaiVafsal an'nesty' not oxcHptin3 Je1 LAWS.
~ ol! 'oe u"iSeF1al anahe6tY. .caaaos oo passeo
"l'aoue uItael!uG 20 's tno proposal oatn TO anp-
Post tae const't"tiop' us "ouio soto 1os sho DILL
"1h Recn m anrnon'eht-
Ellis Il. Roberts paper In Ustca, tho Herald,
Ia decidedly nnti-Cotk'lng. 1u s,l.h an emer-
eoncN II ID gsat!'HnB 10 KNOW tnat the Demo"
efatlo p"per OF LUG c.ss, 'ue o'se'peF, mas ee-
como tue holno organ OF tho senatoE, and adso-
catos nls ffesuet1lal cta1nas' I
Mr. uclknap mud bis friends ara not diatnaSoa
BY tho result OF tho Senatorial contesk Ia Iona.
0ne Of tue uowspapors HlRniicansly Iomari:a that
the Secretary -! 10 ELL yonrg man. with bls
hi.ttriug prospects for too fututo not diraiu.
iebed By this c.nteat but !neseased."
Tho Nav Yort Irish WorM prcfe5s Blaine tq
Grant It sa7s Graue ls supposed to bo Me!b-
odipt and a follower OF Wesioy, who was an euc-
my Of Amerioan llbsrty; while Blaine, whoss
uatpo Ia modification OF D)auey.-a norfoctlg
I,is. uams.-,s FREQ from, auy such obfactions.
rbo 1,dl.,,no,;a !qo,,;,c, r.oh,, ,,,d. ~,
.,atono,t ,h.t I'm nano, ,+1so,a,s - r,naa
wortor, rroro =. ,n,1,r ,ra,toa ~ H. 7rs'.
,,,crs A. A,7ersnnvi,,o .its ,oy,r,1 roto,t.
, 1876-01-17

For this region Of country tho regulation
fog, rain, and wind will continue 10 lend
thcir Unreasonable presence, with still thicker
log, and warnler rals, and deeper tnua as The
only probable vnriation.
, 1876-01-17

When Mr. DEN HILL had cloHed bis TRADE
III tle House Of Representatives, justifyiug
the atsocitiea at Andorsonyillo. and charging
that the North had treated tho Rebel prisou-
crs at Camp Douelas with cruelty, 3Is. Can.
TER II. 1iARnssoa, Of Chicago, instead Of
rising In his place ana reseptiug tho caluu.ny,
rushed ACROSS the hall with vigorous hasts to
lilo sent Of Nr. Hill, md. taking hin. by
both hands, congratulated hsm upon his
speech. This exhibition was Witnessed by the
whulo 1iousc, aud elected comments by no
means complimentary to tho member from
Chicago. Tho two "gentlsmen from Ken
lucky who represent Chicago In tho Houae
soen to forget what IL duo to tho honor and
credit ct their direct constituencies.
, 1876-01-17

panic year Of 1871 Tllis perl,apa was aomo.
"iat due to tho great fire which took placo
in 1871; but, whilo tho number Of fixtures
has Increased, tho average liability has de-
creased. The average liability Of tho faitrea
in New York City in 1873 was $ll3,B43, while
iu 1876 it WIS only Sal, ,7G9.
Estimating that tho persons falling had
paid 10 per cent for advance on original cost
of goola sold TO them, an.l tllat tho average
yield OF failed estates is onc.thrtl, the uctual
loss 10 capital by thu failures Ut tho war is
put lowa at $lao, ,boo.0oD. This represents
a large per cent ut tho profit Of tho general
trat!u OF tho country.
Out OF tho somewhat gloomy taL!o OF 70.
suits, thero Is drawn ona result which, in The
estimate for tho future, Is considered hopeful
aud promising; tlia consideration Is, TINT
tho nctivo surplus or capital employed in the
mercantile trate Of tho country has been
shown to 10 in larger proportion to tho tx.
tent Of bu4,ncSs done, and to tho amount Of
existing liabilities. than at my time in the
previous history Of the country, and is, it is
believed, III excess OF That of ,any other coutl-
try III tho world having n proportiouate cx.
tent OF intcsuGl tsado. 1t has been the pres.
ence Of this surplus capital iu business tim.
las preserved the tEata from greater disaster,
aud which has enabled thousands to prevent
iosses, even when there was 10 1,rotit In
The meantime, retrenchmeut in private md
bu4l4axs expenditure, le4xausl iu43btoduess.
, 1876-01-17

Ing grndes. Cattle were aetiyo md frm
Sheep wore III fair demnnd. One hundred
dollars in gold would bug $113oo in groen-
backs at tho close,
, 1876-01-17
Tbt {G()1ea9o 0ribn11e.
Monday Morning. january IT. 1870.

Tho erecnbaek dollar represented from
8sS 10 eSi cents In gola at tho New York e.
change On Saturday.
, 1876-01-17

In oaa Of hta reconciliation speeches down IN
dsorgla, At : &rsst public msssaog where How
I'LL Copa aua NQ2xA7 Tuo1ns also dellet4a
, 1876-01-17

HooLET's TfIEATEE-Ranlotrh stsees. betvecn
Clark and Lasae. E:l1 tgtme Of the Kellogg Opera
Troupe "TAe Lily OF Killarney"
, 1876-01-17

WOODS AtuSEr1Sf-Montoo street. bcsween pear.
born and State. Afl.ruuou. I" Under tho Gasltght."
Evening, +" 70 .hAlout t,s.'
, 1876-01-17

NEW CHICAGO TlIEATRE-c1ark street, be,ween
Randolph sud 1aac. Engagement Of Ftxnt Ftayhss
QontIn4uou, !" 81 9tocllu.''
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1876-05-23
1iseellameoMs.
PAMPERED ANIMALS.

This subject deserves to be discussed
and acted upon more extensively by our
breeders than has hitherto been done.
Space forbids US, in this department of
our paper, to give more than a few gen.
eral remarks, though it is a subiec: upon
which small sized volume might be writ
ten. and which ought to be taken up by a
pen abler than ours. The enormous and
rapidly increasing demand for meat which
characterizes the food markets OF these
days has reacted in remarkable manner
upon the nature OF the animals that supply
it. Formerly the animals that furnished
pork, mutton, and beef were allowed to
attain the age of three years and upward
before they were considered to be ripe for
the butcher; but now sheep and pigs are
perfectly matured at the early age Of one
year. and two-year-old oxen furnish
large quota of our roast beef. The So
called improvement of stock is simply the
forcing OF them into an unnatural degree
OF fatness at an early age; and this end is
attained by dexterous selection and cross
ing of breeds, by avoidance of cold, di-
minishing as much as possible their mus
cular activity, and, lastly and chiefly. by
overteeding them with grain and concen-
trated ailments.
Every one knows that a man so obese
as to be unable to walk cannot be in
healthy state; yet many feeders of stock
look upon the monstrouslv fat bulls
and cows of prize celebrity as normal
| types OF the bovine tribe. 1t requires but
little argument to refute so fallacious a
notion. No doubt it is desirable to en-
courage the breeding of those varieties of
animals which exhibit the greatest dis
position to fatten, and to arrive early at
maturity; but the forcing of individual
animals into an unusual state of obesity.
except for purely experimental purposes,
IS practice which cannot be too strogly
deprecated. If breeders contented them
selves with handing over to the butcher
their huge living blocks of fat, the mat
ter would not. perhaps. be very serious
but unfortunately it is generally the prac-
tlce to turn them to account as sires and
dams. Were snch one as we a Judge
at cattle show, we certainly should dis
qualify every extremely fat animal entered
tor competition among the breeding stock.
Unless parents are healthy and vigorous,
their progeny are almost certain to be un-
healthy and weakly; and it is inconceiv-
able that an extremely obese bull, and an
unnaturally fat COW. could be the prog
enitors of healthy offspring.
We should by all means improve our
livestock. but we should be careful not to
oyerdo the thing. If we must have pom
derous bulls and cows at our fairs and ex.
hibtions, let us condemn to speedy mn,o-
lation those unhappy victims to most alb
surd fashion; but in the name of common
sense let US leave the perpetuation of the
species to individuals in normal state
whose hearts are not hypertrophied, and
whose lungs are capable of effectively per-
forming the function of respiration
Prarte Farmer.