The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-10-29

which are carried forward 70 the grain helds and
there deposited. In New mexioo the fertility
Of the most sloveniy formers. In all The little
farm and garden nitones dark deposit OF rich
season, and the onief use Of manure Is to give
TO the mineral manures washed out OF the
rocks what Ia an equivalent TO vegetable
mould.
grain field Is irrigated three times; the nrst
time after the ground Is fairly covered with the
growing oropt the at time Just before fipen-
ing. and each time the ground IL submerged,
every inch being reached by the water. Except
IN porous SOILS, water will not soak more than
twelve inches. rue farmer who invented the
dividing Hume has so arranged the burrows run
n,ng through n,s neios thai ns s'.pnea on h one
In the morning. hnding atty acres oompletsiv
Piows OF q particular structure have been In
vented for making two burrows at time fof
irriss ting corn, and vast amount Of work 10
exact; water Is let into corn by every other
now, so that each row gets moisture. but this
grain Is never yatered while young, les, Il
should be turned yellow nd be dwarfed but
late In the season II 10 wet abunduutly. Pota-
toes are easily ruined by water. and many large
I hree irriRatiops re sufficient, lively stream
being turned between the rows, but the greatest
soon as It reaches the furthsr end oi the row.
for the ground needs TO be mostensd. not
soaked. Potatoes never can be grown except In
mellow ground. II Is an established rule t. run
the pillow or cultivator when the ground dries
little. Weeds are kept down with great ease.
and so treated, clover and all the grasses grow
most luxuriantly giving two and three heavy
vines need water often~tho arst may be drench-
cd every evening. In short most voge sbles
take water well every low days; but unlen the
ground has chance TO gstdry,so tn At cultivation
may pe done, It bakes aim ost solid, and growth
Is suspended. Flowers are especially benefited
that brilliant sun. shining unclouded three
hundred days 10 year, they take on colors
a. UrA n aatR Iii und ma -
once raised III an acre Of obage, the aver
age weight Of the heads being twenty pounds,
and II was impossible to place tho full sized
he I'd Inverted into the largest size wash TUT. IL
10 not uncommon to raise specimens OF cab
b go weighing from nity to eighty pounds eacn.
or ooursr the soii Is higniy fertile, the suitvs-
ton ts thorough, end water and brilliant sun.
shine do the rcst; IL Is ,mpossioie TO conceive
which an acre or so VI garden lawn and flowers
presents IN the summer morning alter water has
been allowed TO run all night, and then turned
on. for all the leaves are covered with dew |;
moisture and fragrance I'LL the air, and BIRDS
having come from afar. sing In the trees. Per
baps much of that whicn charms arises from
contrast, for IL will have been weeks or months
since Drop OF rain has fallen; the way sides
are brown and sere. and the sky Is the same as
that over 1.-THE weary Ind" where the shadow
of Q rock Is sought wit eagerness.
Over the western half OF our country nc ques-
ton has anything Of equ importance with that
Of water supply: For several years the Union
miles ,hroosS the Bitter Creek country. at an
annual cost of $4,000. Tor supplying their loco
motives. Al last they sank Eve or six artesinn
wells each about 900 feet deep, and at cost
for each OF something Ike $1,000. Most OF
them flowed from the top In the rest. water
came within ten OF fifteen feet Of the surface.
After a year or 80. some OF tue flowing ones
stopped perhaps two still run. II all the water
OF flowing well were saved, IL would irrisate
about two square miles Of land. equal 10 LAO
ucres. The United states Government spent
$4,000 on wei at Fort ID. A. Russell. yoinin
when 10 was found that the boring was In an old
gulch filled with drift, ana work was abandoned
at about l.lOO feet. At Denver, we'll was sunk eOO
feet the water rose WITHIN 80 feet Of the surface,
the tackling broke, and work has never been
sumed. Inc Kansas Pacific Railroad mas spent
in the same way good deal OF money and lost 1t.
A few wears ago Gen. Grant recommended
that Congress should donate large bouy OF
land to Colorado on condition tn 1 can Il
snoula be taken out OF tue South Platte riyer.
to De extended to the Missouri, by wbloh
2OOOO,OO VI acres were 10 be Irrigated. A more
visionary scheme never VS. conceived Ia the
knew the amount Of land the Platte could
water, that 10 $4,000 acres showed the aDsurdity
OF the plan, II VS. quietly dropped. IL Is a
wild estimate to say that OF the sixty-six mil
lions OF acres In Colorado, It's Iivers vii! be able
To irflgate SIX m lilions; probably three millions
would be nearer the truth. New Mexico eau
water no more the streams OF Wyoming will
water about tue same, ana those OF Montana ut
that during any given series Of We irs an acre OF
Irrigated land VIII produce Immensely more
than IN acre where rain Is depended upOn-so
thh pulatiOn Will become dense In ali these
far-oh leys. II should De noted that the sur
Ice VI oil these plains Is covered with nutri-
OF sheep horses. and cattle. while tue feed Is US
good IA winter AS IA sumner
Tbs ritn fall OF Chtni. east OF their noun
tain range, Is probably about the same rs In he
AtlautiC states, aud yet irrigation has been
established there for thousands OF years. 1t
has long been the Practice To iTrigats meadows
Ia England. ana rVo years pgo, during their d is
tressingly drf summer, manJ attempts TO mi
gate were made, and many schemes were pro-
Jected. sumo rich lroprit tors lad iron pipes
aust below the surface OF meadows, 50 G. nj
strueted thn; water burst up aud fell 10 art,icil-
II. a. l. fT a. IA.
because the OF ject sought % better attained by
bringing water ~ bitches 80 the higher parts Of
Leld, ana then letting II low over eve p.rt.
one lnlsht mink such dltc.es would ishgurc
the surface, but sucn Is lar from being the .se,
US the grass quicHly clothes them. Even In
ploughed neldS lrrigatiIg I'll chcs form No kind
Of obstacle, and the grain quickly closes over
theX; plough furfow run through thickly
staining grain, AS Is often done, does no damage.
Tor the roots quickly tiller and new stalks MI
the gap.
Farmers and country gentlemen could often
irrigute their gardens ana meadows to gre It ad-
vantage. "A 81 ring brook might be made 10 nil
reservoir hoiiing a quarter of an acre. which
"Ould ltf-aIt TWO or more acres Of land. But
OF course water will not run az mi. A ftll Of
i've feet TO tue milo wouli be sufficient. oniy a
large canal should have "A slIgnt fail II II Is to
carry heavy volume. on rapid stream the
Lest dam Tor Iuf ming water INTO a d!tcn l. made
~ brush aud IraYel. Inc Mormuns spent over
SlOOG "a damminZ the jordan few miles from
sat Lake city, AMI the dam mas been carried
away. In parts OF OHIO and Illinois artesian
wells are Ha1 by boring from forty 10 Sky feet,
and there irrigation shouii TO easy. Perhaps
water will, some day, be taken out Of Niasarl
river above the Tbs 10 water region along tue
southern shore Of Lake Ontario.
In the Sacramento valley great many wind
NILS, each costing but a small sum, are used Tor
RAISING water IRON depth OF twelve feet TO
irtigate market gardens. one mil Will water
about half all acre In India, tanks fIr storing
water ale common aud they are II vast service.
Tne ancient jews built them, aud lOOls like
wise. on many farms reservoirs could tie IN de
at small expense DN building Il Am cross a
gulch TO mold the wa er between II and the huIs.
ljy such means the hay crop could DE vastly IN
creased, our gardens, fruit orchards, and straw
berry beds could tie made To double tneIr ave-
rye weld, since vegetation need never receive
acheck. Nhtteyrr plan may be adopted one
need not be afraid OF getting more WA, er tn n
he wants. Inc ch nces are lie viii not get
enough. one Will quickly get realizing sense
OF how much water vi ants need IN dry ws.tler
by carrying II IN DIS. should one pump from
a well directly into a fuirow, he will Ind that
constant WORK for two hours viii be req aired to
make the water run n'fv feet along the dusty
channel. A suitably sized stream from foun-
tain head will run down AMI away almost like a
stream Of light.
Another EnOcb Arden.
From me Baltimore sun, OF 81.