, 1876-08-12

SGrvlanS prove victorious we NAV soon see
it extend to the Balkan Mountains, and
thence into the watershed of the Grecian
Archipelago. This southern portion Of
the Danube basin is divided politically
into three portions-Bosnia, Sorvia and
Bulgaria the lip of the basin is represent
ed by the Balkan Mountains and the Dina
rio Alps. The latter range almost bisect
Bosnia, which extends over the lip of wa
ter parting aud down the Adriatic slope in
apart known as Herzegovina, touching the
sea at two points, the Kick and Sutorina.
Herzegovina is a part of Bosnia, and occu.
pies the Adriatic slope Of the Dinaric Alps.
The slope from the Danube river to the
top Of the Balkan Mountains 10 gem
tie, but the descent towards the south is
rugged and steep. The slope from the
Danube to the top of the Dinaric Alps lie
easier than the descent to the Adriatic, but
it is broken up by secondary ridges into
inlumetable glens and valleys, very pic
tlresque, but also very difficult to traverse.
The whole Of this watershed is covered
by magnificent forests, which clot6e the
mountains to their SUBMITS, and form in
many places an inpenetrable wilderness.
Bosnia Is somewhat Of a bottle-shape ; the
outlet Of the neck, lying between Monte
negro on the one side and Servia on the
other, is held by two small towns, SienitEa
aud Now Bazaar, A large portion of Bos-
MIA lies at an elevation Of more than 5000
feet above the saa. Its chief town is Bos-
MIA Serial or Serajevo, built on the slopes
of the hills il is not fortified, but is de-
Tended by u citadel, is built almost entirely
Of wood, and is commanded by the neigh
bouring wooded heights. Servia is bound
ed on the west, the side next to Bosnia, by
the river Drina. It has five forts, viz,
Belgrade, Shabatz, Ushitza, S~emendria,
and Sokol. Belgrade is the only one OF
any Importance. There are six. fortresses,
or fortified camps, held by tine .Tarks.on
the borders Of Servia. They are Bjelina,
Svornik, Sienitzl, Novi Bazaar, Nissa, and
WidIin. Bjeiina Is an open town the
houses are almost all built Of wood. IL
lies in a small plain, with wooded hills
Immediately west of it an entrenched
camp appears to be the only defence.
Syornik is built on high ground is but
a small town, but is defended by o wall
and by o fortress which dominates the
town. Sienitza is a very small place, but
its position renders it of some Importance.
1t is at the head of the Uvaz, a feeder Of
the Drina, and, with Novi Bazaar commands
the road which connect Servia and Monte
negro. 1t is in the neck of the Bosnian bot
tie, and on the only road leading out of
Bosnia in the possession of the Turks, ex-
cept the difficult routes by Kick, or Suto-
rina. Novi Bazaar is the chief town of o
Sanjak is situated in a plain on q tribu-
tary of the Thar, which, in its turn, Is q
feeder of the Morava. It is defended by
q castle but is commanded by the hills on
the north that form the southern boundary
of Servia. Nissa (Nish) is built in a beau
tifully fertile open plain, on q feeder of the
Morava. The Mohammedan quarter is
surrounded by a wall and ditch. 1t is the
gate of Servia in this direction. Wlddin
is a strongly fortified town on the right
bank of the Danube. The MohammedaD
quarter is inside, aud the Christian quart.
err outside the Notifications, The places
where the fighting has taken place are
small and totally insignificant 10 them
selves. %Suppovitza and Topolnitza lie be-
tween Alexinita and Nissa, the former on
the Servian and the latter on the Turkish
side of the frontier Montenegro is wholly
mountainous. A good notion of this may
be cleaned from the fact that wheeled
vAhiclea are unknown tn The counkru-