davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01
Rules for Spelling.

The following rules should be CAREFUL,
committed to memory as the knowledge
Of them viii prevent that hesitation abou
the spelling of common words which Il
frequently experienced even by the wei
educated.
Rule I.--Al monosyllables ending 10
with single vowel before il have double
] only at the close as mill, sell.
Rule II.-All monosyllables ending in J.
with vowel before It, have one only at
the close as wall, sail.
Rule III.-Monosyllables ending in J.
when compounded, retain but one each
as fulfil, skillful.
Rule Iv.-All words of more than one
syllable, ending in ], have one only in
the close, as faithful, delightful except
recall, befall, unwell, &c.
Rule v.--All derivatives from words
ending in have one only as equality
from equal except they end in or ly; as
mill, miller; full, fuller.
Rule vI.-All participates in ing from
verbs ending in e, lose the e, final; as have
having, amuse. amusing, except they come
from verbs ending in double e, and they
retain both, as see, seeing; agree, agreeing.
Rule vI.--All verbs in ly, and nouns
in ment retain the final of their print.
tives as brave, bravely, refine, refinement
except judgment, acknowledgment.
Rule vuI.-All derivatives from words
ending in er retain the before the r, as
refer, reference; except hindrance from
hinder; remembrance from remember
disastrous from disaster; monstrous from
monster wondrous from wonder; cum.
brous from cumber, &c.
Rule Ix.-All compound words, If both
end not in ], retain their primitive parts
entire as millstones, chargeable, graceless;
except always, also, deplorable, although,
almost, admirable, &c.
Rule x.-All monosyllables ending in a
consonant, with single vowel before it,
double that consonant in derivatives; as
sin, sinner, ship, shipping, big, bigger,
glad, gladder, &c.
Rule xI.-Monosyllables ending In a
consonant with double vowel before ii,
do not double the consonant in derivatives;
as sleep, sleeping, troop, trooper
Rule xII.-All words of more than one
syllable ending in single consouant, pre-
ceded by single vowel, and accented on
the last syllable, double that consonant in
derivatives; as commit, committee; COM
pei, compelled; appal, appalling, distil,
dist iller.
Rule xIII.-Nouns Of one syllable end
ing n y, change y into les in the plural /;
and verbs ending in y, preceded by con-
sonant, change y into les in the third per-
son singular of the pres ent tense, and les
in tho past tense and past participle as
fly, flies; apply, he applies; | replied, or
have replied, or he replied. If the y be
preceded by a vowel this rule is not appli-
cable, as key, keys; I play, he plays; we
have enjoyed ourselves.
Rule xIv.-Compound words whose
primitives end in y, change y into i; as
beauty, beautiful lovliness.-Journal Of
Education.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01
Niagara After q Gale.

The incessant gale from the north aud
northeast for the past week caused won
derfnl change in the Niagara river. Du.
ring Sunday and Monday the falls pre-.
sented an appearance such as has not been
witnessed since the year 184s. Many Of
our citizens, and more especially the visi-
tors who happened to be in town, rushed
from point to point viewing the wonderful
sight. The huge rocks below the Ameri-
can Falls that are usually covered with
water from ffteen to twenty feet, were
bare, and stuck out like mountains, VIM.
Glassbrook, the old ferryman, said he could
have walked from the entrance to the
"Shadow Of the Rock" up to the "Cave Of
the Winds in front Of the American Falls
without danger. The river between Goat
Island and Prospect Park, where the water
usually runs more than twenty miles an
hour, was checked to such an extent as to be
wadable anywhere without the slightest as
sistance. But the grandest view Of all to
behold was the great Horseshoe Fall.
This had lost fully two.thirds Of its i'm.
mense body Of water, and was compared
by many with IN ordinary min pond.
The stream Immediately above Table Rock
and far beyond Streets Island, distance
of more than 400 feet, presented one solid
bed Of rock, but hardlya drop of water.
The place just opposite, where the old
Terrapiu Tower formerly stood, correspon-
ded very much with that already described,
aud the handful Of water that remained,
comparatively speaking, was forced through
the deep channel in the centre, which
forms the Horseshoe. -Sapsnsion Bridge
Joasnal, March g.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01

To MAKE STARCH PoLIsH.-Take O
white wax one ounce, spermaceti tw,
ounces and good pinch of salt. Mi,
and melt these together, and when colo
it will be hard, white cake that will moi
mold or sour in warm weather. Put a
piece the size Of pea in the hot starch
this is intended for, say, three or foul
shirts; when ironing go over ii quickly the
second time, which increases the polish
To PREPARE AN Eco FOR AN INvA.
LID,-Beat the egg until very light, add
seasoning to taste, then steam until thor.
oughly warmed through, but not hardened
this will take about two minutes. An egg
prepared in this way will not distress sen.
sitive stomachs.
Pop-CoRN PuDDISG.-0ne quart Of
milk, one quart of parched corn, one cup
sugar, four eggs and little salt. Cook
in a tin pail set into kettle of boiling
water, and remove as soon as il becomes
Of the thickness Of steamed custard.
A very simple and easy plan Of destroy.
ing wasps is to saturatc piece Of wooleu
rag with spirits Of turpentine, and put Il
into the entrance of the nest; leave Il there
for night, aud the next morning evory
wasp will be dead.
HAN ToAsr.-Mix with one table
spoonful of fncly-chopped or grated ham
the beasen-up yelk Of an egg and little
cream and pepper; heat over the Ere, and
then spread the mixture on hot butterei
toast
To ERADICATE PINpLEs--Apply
mixture of one teaspoonfal Of gum guai
cum and sugar.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01
The South Sea Paradise.

For mere beauty of scenery, the Navi-
gator Islands are probably equal, if not
superior, to any in the Pacific. The scene
ry of the Sandwich Islands, although grand,
is somewhat cheerless; the Friendly Is
lands are superlatively fertile, but too tame
and low-lying to be thoroughly picturesque;
the Feegees are in many places sterile and
forbidding; while Ceylon, perhaps the
most fertile island in the world, is so only
in the interior. Alone of all the ocean
groups the Navigators do not disappoint
Seen from the deck of vessel few miles
off the land, there are not many tropical
islands that present a more beautiful or
picturesque appearance than Upolu.
Though not SO high as Savaii by one
thousand feet, il nevertheless shows bold
and majestic front. Perhaps, indeed, the
wheather-beaten rocks that form the noun
tain submits are If anything too stern and
gloomy for purely tropical landscape.
iney are however not often visible, but
are generally shrouded by feecy masses of
vapor, or wrapped in mist and storm.
clouds.
Imm.d;.,.,v h.,.w .,;. .,,-,.,
~ '''O" ''' .'o 'ss'0n'
vegetation commences At first the trees
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01
Who Invsn.sd the Barrsl ,


Few inventions have had wider o.
more varied usefulness than tie barrel
few give such promise 0f perpetuity
Unique 10 principle, simple yet singalarIy
perfect in plan and structure, the barrel 4
little less than stroke ofgenius- .WhoseI
up the first one? Who first conceived
the happy thought of makiuga vessel tight
and strong out of strips of wood bound
together with hoops2 And when did he
live?
No history Of inventions, none Of the
encyclopedias in our great libraries, no
historian Of human progress, SO far as we
know, gives any information on the sub
ject, unless we except the Roman author
Pliny, who mistakenly attributes the in
vention to the Gauls who inhabited the
banks Of the Po. We say mistakenly,
since there is the best Of good reason for
believing that the barrel was in use long
before the Gauls took possession of their
Italian home, perhaps long before the Gauls
existed as people.
The monuments Of Egypt furnish proof
Of the early use of hooped. vessels, though
no date is given of their invention. In
one Of the inscriptions copied by Wikin-
son may be seen two slaves emptying grain
from wooden vessel made with hoops,
while scribe keeps tally, and sweeper
stands BY with broom to sweep up the
scattered kernels. Close by an unfortu-
nate is undergoing punishment by basti-
nado, for short measure perhaps, or, as
Mr.. wilkinson suggests, for petty theft
The measure is barrel-shaped, and precise.
ly like the kgyi of modern Egypt It
would hold, apparently, about a peck.
Unfortunately the age Of this inscription
is not indicated. Measures of the sort
seem to have been in common use very
early in Egypt, though not for the storing
Of liquids, for which purpose skins and
earthen vessels were employed.
Az nrst thought, Egypt would be the
ias' pace 70 look Tor the Invention Of hoop
ed vessels, its arid climate making it spe-
clally unsuited for their employment. Pos
sloly' however, that may have been the
compelling cause of their invention.
Throughout the East, the bamboo is
largely used TOR making hollow vessels, a
section OF the stem through node secur-
ing solid bottom, and one between the
NODES an open mouth for natural tub or
bucket. In well wooded regions, nothing
would oe more natural than the employ
ment Oh hollow tree trunks for the same
purpose, or sections of tree stems, followed
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01

he dsst apothecary in Germany was
A|.had at Augsburg in the year l445
eeond at Frankfort on the Main iu
nd the third at Berlin in 1888; the
4as established by Hans Zehner in
I40er Street, where it exists to thi,
4aa IN the same house, aud is known
lack Bear Apothecary.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01

and courageous people have
9 to say about either their cour-
biz honesty. The sun has no
BOAST of his brightness, nor the
Der effulgence.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01

1airie sections of southern Min.
y fast being covered with a foresI
nee the stoppage Of prairie fires
ild apple, hazel, oak aud aspen
ipg up spontaneously.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1876-04-01

Preachers too often attack the branches,
10 place Of the roots Of the tree Of evil.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31
Concerning National Holidays.

The recent action of Congress in MAX
ing, for the first time, the twenty
of February, being the anniversary of
Washingtons birthday, public holiday
in the government offices, brings into
notice the question of national holidays.
Speaking strictly, it may be asserted that
we have no national holiday in this
country, with the single exception of the
Fourth of July; and even this day, so
universally observed, is not a holiday
throughout the country by act of con-
gress. In fact congress has no power
over the subject Of social and religious
observances generally. These are mat
ters which, under our peculiar form of
government, are reserved to the States
and to the people.
The most that congress can do OF has
ever assumed to do is to legislate with
regard to what days may be treated as
holidays in the departments at Wash
ington and in the offices of pubic busi-
ness throughout the country. Even the
recent joint resolution which led to the
observance of the twenty-second of Feb
ruary in the public offices of the govern
ment was confined by its terms to the
present year, as the centennial year of
American independence. Subsequently
to the twenty-second of February Sena-
tor Edmunds introduced bill to make
the anniversary of Washington's birth
day holiday in theDistrict of Columbia,
and Senator Conkling, on occa-
sion of the joint resolution which
adjourned both houses of congress over
the twenty second of February, took oc-
casion to intimate his belief that the
time would soon come, if it had not al
ready arrived, when it would become
congress to take the same official notice
of the birth of Abraham Lincoln, by
setting it apart as a holiday for congress
and the departments. Cincinnati Cons-
y11e,ci1L
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31
Three Innocent Men.

Three innocent-looking men were wait
ing at the central depot the other even
ing for western train to go out. They
were meek and lowly in general appear
ance, and as they walked around they
became known tc each other, and find
ing that they had whole hour to spare,
one of them proposed to go across the
street and get some lemonade. While
en- route O second moved to make it
lager beer. When they got over the
third intimated that whisky would suit
him, and all took whisky straight. This
broke the ice and they decided to play a
little game of cut-throat euchre. After
playing game or two it was decided to
Increase tho interest by putting up a
little money.
"I can spare that much," said the
first, as he threw down a counterfeit five
dollar bill.
"I'll see that and say nothing about
the premium" said the second, as he
took out bill from broken Canadian
bank.
"I'll put this Jurguson down as secur-
ity," gravely added the third, as he
pulled out the gold-washed cases of a
watch which answered him for a tobacco
box.
A peaceful smile stole over each face
as the strangers scrutinized each other.
They went IN and got some more bever-
age and returned to the depot, wonder
ing how IL was that human nature is so
rehable.-Detroit Free Press.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31
Beds and Bedrooms.

Never use anything but light blankets
as q covering for the sick. The heavy
impervious cotton counterpane is bad
for the reason that it keeps in the ex-
halations from the pores of the sick per-
son, while the blankets allow them to
pass through. Weak persons are invari-
ably distressed by a great weight of bed
clothes, which often prevents them from
getting any sound sleep whatever. 1t is
better to sleep in q cool room and dress
in one that is well warmed, than the OPP
posite. If it is necessary to heat the
bedroom, let it be by means of an open
CRATE fire, rather than by register or
tlue. In view Of the fact that most
people pass one-third of the twenty-four
hours in bed, the importance of having
only the best bedding needs no argu-
ment. There is no wisdom, therefore,
in buying cheap or second-class articles
for the sleeping room; but true prudence
directs to get the very best bedding that
your means will command first-class
hair mattress will outlast two of inferior
quality. The same difference will also
be found in respect to feathers, and with
the latter, as with hair, the best is always
cheapest. Too many young house
keepers neglect to follow this rule, and
pursue a penDy-wise and pound-foolish
policy, where they might just as well
have adopted the opposite practice.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31
Origin OF the Befknap Investigation.

The following is given as the origin of
the Belknap investigation: While In
search for bouse for his family in
Washington, i'll December, the Hon. b.
B. Lewis, of Alabama, was referred to
G.. o. Armes, real estate agent in that
city. During their search for house
Mr.. Armes, in conversation, stated to
Mr.. Lewis that he had formerly belonged
to the army, but was dismissed through
the enmity of Belknap; but that if he had
the assistance of member Of Congress he
could develop facts that would force Bel
KNAPP to resign. Lewis rendered his as
sistance, and they subsequently had sew
eral interviews. Lewis being impressed
sought the advice of Mr.. Randall, who
advised that the facts be brought before
Clymer, Chairman of the Committee
on Expenditures in the War De-
partment. Lewis and Armes saw
Clymer, and the latter gave a
list of witnesses, including Marsh.
Afterward Clymer thought Armes was
acting in bad faith, as the Secretary said
Armes had proposed if he was re-
stored to the army and certain other
conditions complied with, he would drop
the matter. Lewis said that if Armes
was seeking only to levy blackmail of
course they could have nothing to do
with it, but advised, as Armes had fur
nished the names of witnesses, that they
be called and exam ined, which was done
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31
A Stupendous Centennial Bust.

A recent number of La Staff tia. an
Italian journal, informs us that the Ital-
ian sculptor, Pietro Guarnerio, of Milan,
who won prize at the Viennese Exposi-
ton for two groups of his which were
purchased by the Emperor of Austria,
and repetitions of which were afterward
ordered by the Emperor of Germany,
has now in hand a most wonderful bust
OF Washington. Signor Guarnerio, it
appears, understands it to be the inten-
tion of our Centennial Commissioners to
erect single building covering an area
of 2,578, 900 square metres, and repre-
senting, therefore, length of more than
one statute mile on each side, together
with tower to be of thrice the height of
the so-called "Tower of Babel" of the
Cathedral of Milan, or, in round num-
bers, about 1,075 feet. Naturally enough
Signor Guarnerio has come to the con-
clusion that anybody who expects any
work of his to be so much as visible in so
vast an edifce,t the like of which, he
Justly observes, "has never been seen
before on earth that we know of" must
put himself to unusual pains in the way
of conception and execution. SO Signor
Guarnerio is now engaged In making a
colossal bust of the father of our coun-
try "at the mement when he gave the
United States their Constitution" and,
in order to give this bust dimensions
adequate to the circumstances" he has
purchased four carloads of modelling
clay, and is making figure, the little
finger of the left hand of which is to be
twenty-six centimetres, or about a quar-
ter of yard in length 1t is gratifying
to know, on the authority of La .Stofet-
ta, that in this remarkable work "tne
great citizen of America is represented
in the most simple and natural attitude
possible, and expresses the satisfaction
of stainless conscience which, having
fulfilled sublime act, and being con-
vinced that it has discharged its duty
thoroughly, feels that it has touched the
summit of its wishes.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31

"And you rushed of to carry the
news all over Myrtleville, said Mrs.
Granger.
"Well, 1 thought it must be true,
from such an authority"
"P'shawl You misunderstood what
was said."
81 tell you / heard her as plain as j
hear you now"
"Telling Mrs. Kitely her son and my
daughter had eloped9" .
eyes. I'd swear it on my oath !" said
Mrs. Sawyer, as If there was several
other ways of swearing, if she chose to
take her choice.
"Suppose you step over to Mrs. Kite
ly's with me9"
Well, will"
But to Mrs. Sawyer's discomfort,
Mrs. Kitely denied the story entirely.
Mrs. Seymour had never given her any
such information, either in confidence
or otherwise. Mrs. Sawyer tearfully
persisted in her story; and firally the
trio went to Mrs: Seymour's. The hero
of the story was by this time at home,
and eating his supper when the visitors
entered.
1t was an awkward story to tell, but
it was told and Mrs. Seymour's face
was picture eff indignant surprise.
"I2" she cried-"I said my Fred had
eloped with Belle Granger! Why,
Mrs. Sawyer, you must surely bo dream
ing !"
"You said 80. heard you," sobbed
the widow.
"Said what2"
"You said distinctly, Belle Granger
ran away with my son, this morning."
At this moment Mrs. Seymour burst
into fit of uncomfortable laughter, to
the great CONSERVATION of her audience.
She laughed till she was obliged to wipe
the tears from her eyes when, catching
sight of Mr.. Grainger's disturbed face,
she said, with sudden gravity:
"Pardon me, Mr.. Granger, see l
have most innocently caused you seri-
out annoyance. The truth of the story
is this: Fred, as you know, has all the
morning papers sent to him on the early
train, and many of the neighbors come
in to borrow them. Mrs. Kitely always
likes to see the Su,a, and I save it for
her; but this morning your daughter
stopped on her way to the depot for
paper to read as she rode to the city, and
took the San. When Mrs. Kitely came
for the papers, 1 said to her, Belle
Granger ran away with my Sun this
mornir & y"
"And all Myrtleville has been busy
with the scandal Mrs. Sawyer manufac-
tured out of your remark" cried Mr..
Granger; "but let us hope that the
originator of the rumor will be as active
in contradicting it as she was in circulat-
ing it,"
Pretty Susy was not left long in doubt,
for Fred, having drawn from Mrs. Saw
yer the confession that she thought it a
duty to tell the Belknaps the first thing,
hastened over to his betrothed wife. to
give vent to her indignation against all
tattlers and mischief makers.
Very soon after Mr.. and Mrs. Fred
erick Seymour's wedding cards put the
final contradiction to the Myrtleville
scandal.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1876-03-31
Fooled.

Can't something be done about it
We are tired enough to cry, and it has
been going on for weeks. We got a
cord of newspapers in last nights mail,
and sat down to the task of skimming
them over. Being in shark from the
tombs" frame of mind we read:
"The world is full of snares and pit
falls, and the feet of the young are
turned into forbidden paths; gray. haired
fathers weep for the untimely taking off
of their sons, who might have been
saved by DIR. Jenkins diamond medical
discovery"
We fling away the paper, and take
another
"Moody and Sankey, the revivalists,
are stirring the Quaker City from turret
to foundation stone. Thousands of peo-
pie daily assemble at the drug stores in
quiring for DR.. Jenkins diamond medi-
cal discovery"
We tear the paper into bits, and hop
around and sweep the room in three
seconds. Then William slides down in
his easy chair, puts his feet against the
mantel vase, and asks to be soothed:
"To raise good onions, select moist,
well drained soil, work it mellow, lay
out your beds, mark the drills foot
apart, and when comes warmish day,
go to your home grocer and get good
solid sets, and DIR. Jenkins diamond
medical discovery"
We choked with wrath, and William
squeaked out, Why don't yeu go on r.
"You miserable man, if you want ad-
yertisements. read. read them yourself
We take Bosting" sheet, and sail in
carefully:
GAS there are two sides to every ques-
ton, there must be two sides to the
school question, and the best intellects
of the age stand arrayed against each
other OBJ this fateful battle ground; but,
while men debate and disagree upon
minor topics, they all assent to the es-
tablished fact that DIR. Jenkins diamond
medical discovery"
We hope this latter day essayist will
fizzle like the buchu man. We hope his
wife will leave him as Mrs. Vinegar Bit
ters has her husband. We hope there
may be special earthquake under his
feet that will open crack big enough
to take in one man. We only read the
deaths and marriages now, and avoid the
comments on them. III some fellow
sufferer will catch the man and hold him,
we'll raise an army and march on to Buf-
falo with his compositions" and shout
them in his ears till he is deaf, and then
cram them in his mouth and sew il up,
and put his eyes out with medical
discovery. Detroit Free Press.