davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
sENATE-sEvENTIETHD DAY.
wEnNrsnAY. March %. Is

WEDNESDAY, March %, 1875.
Mr.. President Stone in the chair ABB
sent 6.
Mr.. Reynolds, chairman, reported that
Messrs. Power & Barksdale would publish
500 copies of the trial Journals at the price
allowed for legislative journals, with res
olution. as follows: That 500 copies OF the
impeachment journals be printed, and that
only one hundred be printed in slips as
heretofore ordered; adoPted--yeas 10, nays
ed. e val 0"e s'a"N"s 'Onni''eeS report
H. B. to repeal the Homochitto and Old
river y Avigation Company act was taken
up, Mr.. Thorn psen moved to strike out the
preamble; carried, and the bill passed.
ID. q. 70 authorize Yazoo county to offer
5000 for stolen money, bonds, etc, passed.
ID. G. r. to correct clerical errors In bills
passed at the present session, was indefinite
~ postponed.
case sat and adjourned to 8 30 O'Clock.
LAWS BY LIMITATION
The Secretary of State informed the SEN
ate that Senate bills: TO create Sharkey
county. and TO confer on Mayors of towns
ex-oDtct0 jurisdiction as Justices of the
pseece, have become laws by operation of
article 4, section "A of the Constitution.
d. B. to prevent the sale of liquors within
nve miles of Zion Hill Church, Smith county,
2: T. 20 provide for the payment only of
atste witnesses in impeachment trials was
lndennitely pOstponed-the law being now
to that effect.
BY Mr.. Pratt; That witnesses sum moned
10 lne Ames case for the defence should be
paid out Of the Treasury; tabled.
BY Mr. Eurlong: Prescribing certain du-
tles 70 be performed by County Treasures
referred.
BY Mr.. Terry; That hereafter the Senate
meet at O'Clock, A. NJ; lies over.
Ar. Terry was added TO the Committee on
Revenue Bill.
Recess until 8 o'clock,
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
Observation-Disclosures DAY.

FRIDAY, March 81, 1870.
Mr.. Speaker Street in the chair. Present
80, absen 26 Leaves of absence were
granted to Messrs. Jagers, Erwin, johnson
of Winston, and Watkins.
By Mr.. McNair: That the use of the Hall
be rendered to the cOlored mems conven-
ton after II o'clock; adopted.
MIR. Harper, chairman, reported II. j. Il.
in relation to printing laws in the public
journal, with substitute, and recommend
ed its passage. 1t was taken up, the sub
stitute adopted and recOmmitted.
The Chair appointed the following com
mittee under Mr.. Leigh's resolution 70 fix
the time for holding courts Messrs. TisOn
Spight, Barksdale. Percy, Bridges, Nelson,
Mccormick. Huddleston, Miller and Johns
By Mr.. YellOwley To adjourn sine die at
2 o'cock Saturday, April Sth. Mr.. Drake
moved To strike out 9Th and insert 18th, and
Mr.. SpiGht moved to insert 18Th. Mr.. Per-
oy moved to table the resolution and
amendments; lost; and the amendment and
resolution were adopted.
BY Mr. Featherston : To have two ses-
sions daily, one beginning at 80 O'Clock
A. NJ, aud one beginning at Z 30 O'Clock P.
NJ; adopted.
The judiciary Committee reported a
Joint resolution TO amend the Constitution
Ia relation to biennial sessions, which passed
its first reading-yeas 7s nays none.
SENATE BILLS.
To amend sections 1862 and 1858, Code OF
1871, In relation to petit larceny; passed.
To amend an act in relation to the publ
cation of notices to nOn-Tesidents In attach
ment suits before Justices of the Peace, APP
proved February 18th, 1873, amendatory Of
section 1873, Code of 1871; passed.
To amend the laws in relation to proceed
ings by mandamus passed.
To create lien upon domestic steamboats,
passed.
The House concurred in Senate amend
ments to incorporate the Holly Springs &
Memphis Railroad.
The Penitentiary leasing bill was made
the special order for tom orrow at 10 80
O'Clock.
S. r. to facilitate the construction Of tel
egraph lines ia Mississippi was amended
and passed.
LAWS RY APPROVAL.
A message from Gov. Stone, through the
Private Secretary, Travis Rhodes, Esq,
reported the approval of the following
House bills, viz: To amend the char
ter of YazoO City; to require Clerks
of the several counties OF this State
to keep s. larate books in the records OF
chattel deeCS; to incorporate the town of
Charlottesville, Lowndes county; to au-
thorize Lauderdale to register outstanding
| warrants; to amend the charter of Sardis (;
TO amend section 1887, Code of 1871, la re-
lation to the maintenance Of paupers /
/ TO amend the charter Of Mississippi
College; to authorize the Chancery Clerk
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
AFTERNOON SESSION.


The Agricultural Lien bill was taken up.
Mr.. Dabney's substitute was adOpted-yeas
"a, nays %. apd the bill lies over.
PASSAGE OF BILLS
The following bills were passed II. B. to
amend the laws in reference TO tile sale OF
lands, etc, OF decedents tor debit s B. in
relation to limi Ell partnerships; To amend
the act in relation to the Limitation of pros
ecutiOns.
The following were Indefinitely post
poned In relation to adultery; To amend
the laws in relation 10 registration of coun-
ty warrants.
BY Mr.. Baker: To amend the Code of
1871, in relation To the support of convict
lunatics in the asYlumi passed.
BY Mr.. Tuckeri Resolved by the House
(the Senate concurring) that the two
Houses meet in joint session, in the House
of Representative, this day, at 3 30 O'Clock,
TO inaugurate Hon. j. NJ. Stone, President
pro tempore Of The Senate, Governor of Mis-
sissippi; adopted.
LAWS BY LIMITATION.
The Secretary of State informed the Hou Sc
that the following House bills have become
laws by operation OF Art. L Sec. "a, of the
Constitution, viz: For the protection OF
parental authority over minor children; to
amend the act creating the Board of Pilot
Comm ssioners of Pasca gOula Bay: to re-
peal the anti-liquor' law of Liberty; to re-
peal the anti-liquor law of McNutt; and to
| incorporate the town of Monticello,
By Mr.. Dabney; That a committee oil
three be- appointed to walt upon Gen
Roger A. Pryor, and request him to address
the Legislature this evening: adopted
Committee Messrs. Dabney, Tison and Ba-
ker.
The committee waited upon Gen. Pryor
and received the following reply:
JACKSON, Miss, March %. 1876.
GENTLEMEN: | sm profoundly grateful
for the compliment iEnplied in the invita-
| ton of the Legislature To address them. and
| if the condition of my health allowed, il
would give me great pleasure to comply
with their courteous request. You perceive
/ | suffer with an affection OF the throat
which makes il impossible for me 10 at
/ tempt public speech.
| Pray convey to the honorable members
of the Legislature my thanks, and tor your
| selves accept the assurance of my distin-
guished consideration.
/ Very respectfully,
ROGER A. PRYOR.
Col. Tison, and others OF the Committee.
JOINT SESSION.
! At 5 30 o'clock the Senate entered the
Hall of the House OF Representatives. Mr.
| President Sims said
| MEMBERS OF THE LEGISLATURE: We have
j. nj. Stone, Lieutenant-Governor, as Gov.
ernOr of the State of Mississippi. What /,
your pleasure in the matteEs
Senator Reynolds moved that COMMITTEE.
] DO appointed to wait upon Hon. J. NJ. Stone
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
The Radical Clans i'm Council.

On Thursday (30th) the noble army
of Radical office-holders and ofhce-seekers
were in convention. They were without
constituencies and represented only
themselves. A noteworthy feature of
the convention was the absence of the col
ored race, which has heretofore constitu-
ted nine hundred and ninety-nine out of
every thousand voters in the Radical par
ty. The whites in attendance constituted
one-half of the white men who be ong to
the party. There was noticeable fall
ing off of the carpet-bag clan, and the
s'home" element displayed more than or
binary determination to come to the
front and assert itself. In the gath
ering, quite a number of camp fol-
lowers were observed, who have here
tofore played fast and loose with
both parties. They have been viii
ling to take Office from either, and have
crept into the convention in the hope of
being assigned to places which haye been
vacated by fallen leaders.
What there is of this miserable wreck
of the wreckers, however, has shown a
disposition to restore Radicalism to its
former ascendancy in this State, and Is
suggestive of the necessity of firm re
solve on the part of the Democracy to
again defeat them at the polls. Let u
up and at them.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
sENATE-sEvENTY- Second DAY.

FRIDAY, March 81, 1876.
Mr. President Sims in the chair; bsent, 3.
By Mr.. Chalmers: That sos be allowed
the reporters in the impeachment trials.
ad pted-yeas IL, nays 4.
By Mr. Johnston: To adjourn sine die
April 18th, Mr.. Chalmers moved 10 table,
subject to call carried
INTRODUCTION or BILLS.
BY Mr.. Hooker: For the protection of the
taxpayers of Holmes county, against the
payment OF certain warrants; passed.
BY Mr.. Thompson: To confer certain
powers on the Boards of Supervisors; re-
TERED
BY Mr.. Hooker: To authorize Holmes
county To compromise with the late Sheriff
a ID late Treasurer passed.
ii. b. for the relief of George BarrOws, a
school teacher of Copiah county, assed.
LAW BY APPROVAL.
Governor Stone, by message through
the Private Secretary, informed the Senate
that he has approved the following Senate
bills, via To incorporate the Stansbury
Manufacturing Company; TO incorporate
the Adams County Manufacturing Com
pany; TO create and regulate the disburse-
ment of the Executive Contingent Fund /;
to incorporate the Columbus Light Artil-
lery; to amend the charter Of Lexington,
and TO IT gulate sales OF land by trustees un-
der deeds of trust.
LAWS BY LIMITATION.
The Secretary of State Informed the SEN
ate that the following Senate bills have be-
come laws by operation of article A, section
"a, of the constitution, viz to compel Often
ders against city ordinances to work on
streets; to change the name of the seat of
justice of Bolivar county, relating to the
costs of records on appeal to the Supreme
Court, and supplemental to the public
printing act.
SPECIAL ORDER.
The bill to provide for the redemption OF
l,rR IL. Hold f,V In, Il ri,f NJ.
was taken up and considered at great
length; number of amendments were
adopted. and the bill was recommitted.
5. b. limiting the power of taxation by
Brookhaven authorities passed.
III. b. to amend the charter of Bogue
Chitto passed.
Ii. Il, to regulate the control of the school
fund of Choctaw county passed.
IL. G.. Il. in relation to adjournment was
tabled, subject to call.
A number of House bills were referred.
By Mr.. Graham: To amend the act TO re-
duce the expenses OF the Judiciary passed.
By Mr.. Graham: To authorize Scott
county to make certain allowances; passed
By Mr.. Thorn pson: For a joint commit
tee to report bill fixing the time for hold
ing courts.
II. Il. to amend an act to Incorporate Tu-
pelo and shannon, Lee county; passed
S, Il. to reduce the compensation of the
State Reporter was indefinitely postponed.
S. b. to repeal sections three and four Of
tile charter Of the V. & s. l. Railroad was
made the special order for Tomorrow at IL
O'Clock.
Leaves of absence were granted to Messrs.
Pratt, Jewell and the Door-keeper.
BY Mr., FOote: To allow witnesses for
both sides in impeachment trials ten cents
mileage; adopted,
5. b. to confer certain powers on the
Chancery Court-of Suuflower county passed.
Mr.. Oldham was placed upon the Com
mittee OH Public Lands, in place of Mr..
Sims.
The Senate then went into executive ses-
sion, after which it adjourned.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
THE RESIGNATION OF GOV.
AMES.
what the Press snys.

Meridian Mercury
There we're a few faint hearts who OBJ
posed impeachment, but they, of course,
are as happy as any Of us at the result of
it, and, to-day, without an exception, the
real citizens who ought to control are
rejoicing, and in their hearts are giving
praise to the brave men who dared
to throttle carpet-bag tyranny and in
science and bring it to the block Of
public Justice. Three official heads In
the basket by impeachment, and justice
pauses TO await the effect upon official
morality
rystal Springs Monitor.l
Yesterday afternoon the glad tidings
reached US by dispatch from our Rep
resentative, Hon. Geo. w. Miller, that
Governor Ames had resigned, and that
his resignation had been accepted by the
Legislature.
Let the people rejoice, one and all, at
this grand delivery
Memphis Appeal
The Appeal, full Of deepest sympathy
for Mississippi, sends greeting from Ien-
nessee, and hearty congratulations that
the triumph Of her people over Radical
ism is complete, and that she stands to-
day a peer among her sisters of the
Union, free, regenerated and disenthrall-
ed.
N. o. Picayune.l
Our dispatches this morning announce
the resignation of Governor Awes, Of
MiasissiPpi-the only commendable oct
of ais administration Now, then, your
Excelleney Of Louisiana, your resigua-
ton would be gratefully received,
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

Hon. GEORGE WooD, well-known
member of the South Mississippi bar, ia
vored US with call yesterday. He con-
firms the report of great dissatisfaction
with the arrangement of the Judicial
Districts in that section, and we trust it
is not yet too late to apply remedy.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

/ CORRESPONDENT Of the y. !, Trib-
| -t.tes that the Pennsylvania dele
/ the Democratic National Con-
- are understood to be mainly in
Gov Hendricks. Gov. Tilden
oOIv one supporter on the delega-
], and Mr.. Thurman ana 0oV' nan
4 ,,Iv few each.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

THE husband of Mrs. g Grace Green
wood" Lippincott, is taken down with
the prevailing epidemic Of rascality
among Radical officials. 1t is thought
he is beyond the saving power of grace !;
at any rate, he is disgraced.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

The Washington dispatches literally
overflow with developments of bribery in
high places. Gen. Custar's testimony is
terrific. A late dispatch s'ys that " $685.
900 of the Black Friday spoils will be
traced directly to lady of the White
House"
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

ALEXANDER SMITH, thanks to the
energy of Mr.. Charles Dudley, has been
brought back from Cincinnati, whittier
he had gone after his pardon out of the
PenitentiarY; and doubtless he will tell.
when pu. on examination, all he knows
about the pecQniary transactions connect
ed with his release.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
HoUsE-sEvENTIETH DAY.
THuRspAY. March 30, Isl


By Mr.. Spight: To appoint a committee
of one from each judicial district to report
a bill to TX the time for holding courts /;
adopted.
The House then adjourned so that MEM
bers could attend the funeral of Mr.. Hill
Zheim, and To allow the use OF the Hall to
the State Republican Convention.
At 10 o'clock the Senate met and adj
journed to allow the Republican members
to attend the Convention,
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

8G5v. STONE has taken possession of
room assigned to the Executive in
4 Capitol, and has entered upon the
charge of the duties Of his office. He
t5e first Democratic Governor the
n has had since 1868, when Gov.
|smpheys was dismissed by military
b.. Gov. Stone is backed by pop
II majority of 81, 600.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

H. closing up the impeachment pro-
l;oos in the case of Governor Ames,
cannot too strongly express the graf
L. which the commonwealth owes to
L. ". S. Featherston, (chairman),
4 his able colleagues. Their hbors
been constant and earnest in the
rs,rmance of the grave duties assigned
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

How ART THE MIGHTY FALLEN l.
The Pennsylvania Republican ConYen-
ton entirely ignored the very existence
of the Grant administration.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
- 90 PER YEAR. IN ADVANCE.

Confederate element in Congress
-l.rad good sense in asking to be ex
from serving on the Board Of
nacers in the BeIKhaP case.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

CHRIsTIANcT's substitute to appoint a
committee of FIVE to investigate the Mis-
sissippi election was adopted by q to 10.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

SALARIES have been cut down. So
far, so good. Now let US have a reduc-
ton of taxes. The people expect it.
The taxpayers demand it.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

IT does not follow, by any means,
that to carry New York for the Demo-
cratic ticket in the approaching Presi-
dental election, it viii be necessary to
place one of her own statesmen at the
head of the ticket. The probabilities
are that either Hendricks or Thurman,
whose records are clear on the chief topics
of the day, and are opponents of the re-
form movement which was inaugHrated
In 1872, would carry the State if nomI-
pated on q hard-money platform.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. DAY.
THURSDAY. March 80. 1876.

The Senate met and, upon motion of Sem
aLor FurlOng, took recess until II o'clock,
to allow Senators that desired to do so to
attend the funeral Of Mr.. III. HilZheim.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
,ument of the New Governor.

,.ument Of the New Governor.
h. Wednesday evening, the interesting
reuony was performed, in the House
representatives, in the presence of
! Two Houses, of installing Hon, j.
Stone as Governor of Mississippi.
|. address was brief, to the point, and
...badowed the wise and discreet course
Iicb it is universally believed, will sig
lie his administration.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
..iden1 OF. the Sennfe, Pro Fem.

b. unanimous vote, the Senate
kcted Hon. W. H. Sims, the able
lpalor from Lowndes, President pro
in place Of his distinguished prede
ssor who has been promoted to the
h. of Governor, Col. Sims remarks
taking the chair were exceedingly
BOTTOMS
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES DAY

SATURDAY, April /, 1876.
Mr.. President Sims In the chair: absent b.
Leave OF absence was granted to Mr.. Tay-
lor.
The various Standing Committees re-
ported.
SENATE BILLS.
To cancel certain State warrants passed.
To provide for the redemption OF lands
held for Levee taxes Ia District No. / was
considered at great length and lies over for
engrOssment.
The Lien Law bill was taken up and con-
sidered at length, and pending several
amendments. the Senate adjourned.
LAW BY APPROVAL.
The Governor informed the senate that
he has approved ). b. 20 provide for the
collection of the license tax for school pur-
poses.
Adjourned,
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

Articles of impeachment will be found
by the National House of Representatives
against w. w. Belknap, Secretary of
War, and the interesting question will
then arise, has the Senate the power to
pass sentence upon person who had re-
tired from office before proceedings We're
instituted? The guilt of the accused is
established by his own confession and his
pi.ifu, attempt to throw the blame upon
his wife, and he is liable to prosecution
before the Courts-but whether the
Senate can try him is matter of dispute.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
THE Holly Springs Reporter announces

The Holly Springs Reporter announces
the death, at his home in that city, of
Hon. w. F. Mason, in the seventy-sixth
year of his age. He was born in Balti-
more, Nd, Oath January, 1900, and
emigrated to Fayetteville, Lincoln cOun-
ty, Tennessee, in 1918, where he mar
ried; thence to Pulaski, Giles county.
in 1885 or 1886, thence to Holly Springs,
in 1910, in the month of January having
previously commenced business there in
1887 or 1888. He had filled various of
fees of public trust, among them seat
in the State Senate. He was held in the
highest esteem by his fellow-men.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
KILLED.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES DAY.

TUESDAY, March %. 1876.
Mr.. Speaker Street in the chair. Present
80, absent as.
Leave of absence was granted to Mr.
Dyer.
ed to Messrs. Augustus, of Noxubee; Nor
phis, of POntotoc, and Simmons, of Pamela /;
and Blair and Raymond, of Lee.
REPORT OF COMMITTEE
Mr.. Powell, chairman, reported H. B. to
appointed commissioners to lease the Peni-
Tertiary, with substitute. entitled an act
to provide for leasing the Penitentiary 1t
was made the special order for Friday next,
at 10 80 O'Clock, and 200 copies were err
dered printed.
BY Mr.. Southworth: To amend the ex-
emption laws; referred.
Mr. Drake. chairman, reported favorably
on H. B. to regulate the enrolment OF
chattel deeds. The bill was amended and
passed.
By Mr. Hicks: Supplemental to the act
authorizing 4azOo county to offer a re-
ward; passed,
BY Mr.. B4rksdale A joint resolution pro-
posing an amendment to the constitution
relating to biennial sessions; referred.
Mr.. Muldrow called up ). B. supple
mental to the Court District bill which adj
ded Kemper and Lauderdale to the sixth,
| ard Jones and Lawrence to the 9TH Dis
| trict, and moved to indefinitely postpone
the bill. Mr. Mccormick moved to table
| lost and the bill was indefinitely postponed
yeas 81, nays 16.
| SPECIAL ORDER.
| The House agricultural lien bill was ia
/ ken up and considered at length. Several
| amendments were offered pending which
the House adjourned.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
HoUsE-sIxTY-NINTH DAY.

WEDNESDAY, March 20, 1876.
Mr. Speaker Street ia the chair Present
80, absent %.
THE AGRICULTURAL LIEN BILL.
The bill to provide for and regulate ag-
ricultural liens, etc, which was under con-
sideration yesterday. with Mr.. Yellowley IS
amendment to give the landlord lien for
supplies, ETC., as well as for rents, with Mr..
Rogers melton to table pending, was taken
up. MIR. Rogers motion was lost-yeas A.,
nays "A. and the amendments were adopted
yeas 43 nays 80. MIR. Johns moved to ia
bic the bill lOst-yeas 30, nays 43. Pending
The consideration of this question, Mr..
Featherston arose TO a privilege question,
an d sent up the following
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
JNo w. Jewell,
J. b. MORGAN,
j. f. EVERETT.
THE SENATE LIEN BILL

was taken up. The committees substitute
was considered, section by sectio n.and final
ly referred to a special committee consisting
Of Messrs. Chalmers, FITZGERALD, Taylor
and futile.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

The following bills were passed II. B. to
amend the laws in reference TO tile sale of
lands, etc, OF decedcnts tor debt; 5. B. in
relation to lmi Ell partnerships; to amend
the act in relation to the Limitation of pros
ecutiOns.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05
SPECIAL ORDER.

The House agricultural lien bill was la
ken up and considered at length. Several
amendments were offered pending which
the House adjourned.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

The Agricultural Lien bill was taken up.
Mr.. Dabney's substitute was adopted-yeas
IL nays % apd the bill lies over.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1876-04-05

SATURDAY, April J., ls7G.
Mr.. Speaker Street In the chair. Present
81, absent 35.
Leaves Of absence were granted TO Messrs.
Mccormick aud Amacker.