The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1876-09-14
FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
Hints About Work.

pOCtlOu VI Jue gram WAS III Jll6 DeB6 con- |
dition for thrashing as it came from the
field. Many of the best farmers now
haul their grain direct from the field to |
the machine. A second handling is
thus avoided, and the straw may go into
the barn direct. With our usually dry
harvest season there seems to be no
reason for this double handling, and
none to prevent the thrashing OF wheat,
rye, or oats directly from the field. Our
own experience is decidedly in favor of
this practice.
WHEAT OR RYE -Rye is little more
than half the price of wheat. The chief
reason why this crop is grown is that the
soil is too poor to bring crop of wheat.
To grow bushel of rye costs Just rs
much as to produce bushel of wheat.
Either the rye is grown at loss or the
wheat ut large profit. The former is
the fact. Why then should rye be grown,
excepting in those rare cases in which
the straw is in demand for various pur-
poses, and in which the profit of the
crop thus lies Only becausethe method
of farming is poor, and therefore I'M
profitable. AS help to change the sys-
tenn, we might suggest that the manure
used to grow few acres of rye be used
on half the number of acres of wheat and
the rest of the land be fallowed or sown
to clover in the spring, as means of
renovation. But in some way wheat
ought to take the place of rye in many
districts where that is generally grown.
SEED WHEAT.-To procure the largest
ripest grains for seed, some sheaves
may be thrown upon the barn floor in
deep bed, and partly thrashed with the
tiail, or by driving a pair of horses over
them, without untying them. They may
then be returned to the NOV. This may
seem like going back on machinery, and
returning to bygone fashions, but there
some things which can, and perhaps al
ways will, be done best by hand, and
this is one of them. Machine thrashed
grain is SO much cracked or broken, that
large proportion is unfit for seed, and
especially when we have to buy seed at
double prices, or even more, much is
saved by procuring hand tbrashed seed.
In the way pointed out ws get the ripest
and largest grain, which makes the
best seed.
SowING THE SEED.-How much seed
per acre should be sJwn is question
about which there are various opinions
~ utDtlluS uDOu tIlt hllu Ol SEED anu
the richness of the soil, 1t is pretty
certain that great deal OF seed is wasted
by over thick sowing. We have found
one bushel per acre to produce more
than five or six pecks upon similar
ground, when sOwn early in August.
But the soil was rich enough to yield
thirty bushels per acre. Upon poorer
ground this sowing would be too thin.
If later sown more seed il needed.
There is no question ahout the advan-
tage of drill sowing over broadcast. To
cover the seed by a common cultivator
is good substitute for drill sowing
Where the ground is at all cloddy, roll
ing after sowing will he OF advantage,
otherwise we leave the surface rough.
SMUT.-As preventive against smut,
it will pay to "pickle " the seed. Steep.
ing in strong brine, lime water, or stale
urine, for three hours, are found effac-
tive in many cases. Perhaps the best
method OF picking seed is to dissolve
four ounces OF blue stone (sulphate Of
copper in one gallon of water, for every
two bushels Of seed. Heap the seed
upon the barn floor, and sprinkle the
solution over it; then mix thoroughly
with the shovel until the moisture is
spread evenly through the heap. Let il
remain twelve hours, when the pickle
will be absorbed, and the seed may bt
sown at once.-AgricuLturiSt.
How to Tell n Horses Age.
The colt is born with twelve grinders
when four front teeth have made thei
appearance the colt is twelve days old
and when the next four comes forth it i!
four weeks old. When the corner teetl
appear the colt is eight months old; whel
the latter have attained to the height o
the front teeth it is one year old. Tn
twu-year- colt has the kernel 9th
substance in the middle of the tooth
GRO Tn) grown out in all the front teeth
In the third year the middle front teetl
are being shifted, and when three year
old these are substituted by the hors
teeth. The next four teeth are shifte
in the fourth year, and the corner toet
i'll the fifth. At six years the kernel
worn out of the lower middle iron
teeth, and the bride teeth have now al
tanned to their full growth. At seve
years a hook has been formed in th
corner teeth of the upper jaw, the kel
mel of the next at the middle isworn Out
and the bride teeth begin to wear of
At eight years the kerneris worn out c
the lower front teeth and begins to dt
crease in the middle upper front. In th
ninth year the kernel has wholly disal
peared from the upper middle fror
teeth, the hook on the corner has il
creased in size, and the bride teeth los
their points. In the tenth year the ke
mel is worn out of the teeth next to th
middle front of the upper jaw, and
the eleventh year the kernel has entirel
vanished from the corner teeth of I'll
same jaw. At twelve years old the crow
of all the front teeth in the lower ia
has become triangular and the bridl
teeth are much worn down. As ii
horse advances in age the gums shrin
away from the teeth, which consequen
ly receive a long, narrow appearance
and the kernels become darkish point
Gray increases in the forehead and ovt
the eyes, and the chin assumes the for
of an angle.
Tomato CHtsup.
Cut the tomatoes in two, and boil fl
half an hour then press through ha
seive, and add spices in proportion give
below after which, boil for about thrt
hours over a slow fire. Remove fro
the fire, turn it out, and let it stand ii
next day, when you must add half pin
of vinegar for each peck of tomatoe
For every like amount of the vegetabl
add, while boiling, ,one-eighth of an oun,
of red and one-quarter of an ounce
black pepper, half an ounce each of mac
allspice and cloves, and two ounces
ri Ill C,lt