davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
Insubordina,ion on an American ship.

LIVERPOOL, Jan. l5.-The American ship Cara
van Capt. Waefeliaer, left the Waterloo Dock this
place, all r. NJ yesterday for New YORK. She had pro-
ceeded but few miles down the river far as New
Brighton, whom a scene Of great violence occurred
The cap AIN says that the crew who shipped Just before
the departure Of the snip were all drunk A.
the Caravan got out into the river they became nuhOr
dnate aud threatened 10 Kill the Captain and the
officers He. therefore, signalled the rNcr police
who promptly boarded the Caravan ana took two OF
the ring, aGers into custody The remainder Of the
crew were left lying drunk about the deck. one
very severely injured during the not The Caravan ID
detained In ship q fresh
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

Charles Urch, a German, who had been ar
rested for assault and battery ia Wilamshur ycstcr.
dag attempted 10 commit suciGe bY hanging hlnsof to
his cell door lie cut down by Drounan Richard.
son whp altempte 10 put hlm ~ irons. llrch was
TOO htr Tor aim, ana thr SER ices nf four officers
we're required To nauucle him. Cuucn then attempted
to huuoA out DraIns ~ buttils las Arad against tie
AZ IA
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
Mr. Brreh'- BrookIyn Word.

Mr.. Bcrgh's society has opened handsomely
furnished rooms at 100 Joralemon street. Brooklyn.
where officers OF the organization may he found who
Nl receive aud attend 10 complaints OF cruelty 70 an.
nals. The society has large force OF special officers
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
John Kelly stlllthe "Boss."

The Executive Committee OF the Tammany
General Committee have chosen the Hon. John Kelly
Rs their Chairman, Joseph j. ODonohue and Jacob A.
bross NiceI Lairlutn, ana George W Norton Henry
u. Purroy VIII am II. Rooney, and Edmund NJ. Plum
as Secretaries.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
The Islnnd of It. Tbomn- No, For snie.

LONDON, Jan. l5.-rhc Pan NdU G1zcttcs spe-
cia elesram from Copenhagen saws; 81 am authoriL
ed TO contradict the report Il the proposed sale ~
Island oi ~. Thomas IN the West ludi,s to Germany
Inc lea WAS nouc m 1873 OF cNcaan sing ~ Iuumus
for NOrth schcsNlcS, lut vas dismissed tcA
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
MniIing for Tue inII,oGnrr.

Although the ice on the Central Park ponds
Is strong enough to bear liueG number Of eaters
the rarS Commissioners nave not yet deemed It pru
dent to open th' ahe 10 the public. All the ual pr pa
rat NLr lave htta competed, ami turty eIgt hours
iuoit ~ cold weather VIII srno the bal up There 10 to
oc SEATING this season except ON tie large axe.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
Turkey and the Powers.

CoNsrANTINOPLE, Jan. l5.-Ihe Powers have
relinqlshcd thcf intention Of masking collective or
Identical comm unication TO the Porte the ha-i Of
Count Andrassys scheme orreforms the dsaf, cted
provinces. The Ambassadors are now cluhn ~ fhCm.
selves tu Neri al and friendly Communication Of counsel
ald propositions, which the Porte disposed to listen
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
1000 MiIe wnlking Mn,ch.

Last evening John Dewitt Of Amsterdam, N
Y, ami John Gouldmg Of Brooklyn, began match TO
wax 1000 niles I'm 1000 consecutive hours for $500.
The walking ls being done In George Girh's Mammoth
G-rl.n. ~ LormeI nld scAoles sreels MllansDurgh.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

Thomas Goodwin, who was convicted last
week Of manshughter. in killing his aged father.
Michael Goodwin. IN drunken row. was scntcncd by
Judge KNAPP in he Iluds County Oy'r an Iermn.r.
10 two years In state prison. The prisoner seemed IN
different evidently feeling that hi escaped with light
III puuishuleut
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

The Brooklyn Health Board has determined
to divide the city into smallpox districts, placing over
each physician who shall every cndeayor to pre-.
the spread Ufhe disease audO Keep II IN the best
possible sanitary condition.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

rARIS Jan. l5.-The elections for Senatorial
A., Wil nc Aeld Throughout france .oA.o'''"
f,islArcyi .'blo howtyif ;hai l.c hca'y shows Ia
some ace, VIII cau,s pO.p 1ucmrnl
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
Rnd MoneyinhIs Pocket.

Henry Armstrong was arrested In Hoboken
yesterday, on charge Of passing counterfeit money.
Thirty counterfeit nfty.cent notes were found In his
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
what wn. Found in Cnp,. Thomas. Trunk.

a gentleman IN TINS CITY received on FRIDAY
letter from the wife OF Capt. William X. Thomas, the
dynamite suicide. The letter was mailed In Dresden.
and contained check for Thonss's trunk. Yesterday
the trunk was taken from the Fifth Avenue Hotel 10
the Police Central once, and ta contents were
amined. II contained clio hing and fuse ten fe I long
made that IL can be used under water. The trunk
and It's contents were turned over tO the property
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
LOSSES 10y EIRE.

NJ :. Roberts nurn, IN kor,right, n. Y, was
burned Friday ns ht. Loss, 5000 isutaucr, SOD
The Adams school house, In Winchester
Ma~s, burn, yesterday morning. The loss Is aOJut
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

PORTLAND, Me- Jan. l5.-The police here had
received orders to arrest A. Foster Dewey, VIM. NJ
Tweeds private secrctary who expected 10 sail
the steamer Peruvian, but he was not found
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16
The Weather Once Prediction
moon wv.

Generally cloudy and slightly warmer weather,
with ught rain, souherlY 20 westerly Winds, and fanf
follow ed by rising barometer
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

The Government has Just s1ld the Old ste.'ue~
the Macedonian Tor $4,000 iii. vet rom n.ItI y med
from the Brit.l ~ lSli r. is D. 'nI F..-
teu4F 10 t1nlDi h.T AZ tud LtU. NUdu.f
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

- Inc Committee on The Preservation Of the
Geiman Language received tlOO.S2 last evening the
American Seminar. N'N N''"--
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

Pure CRYSTALS, with a diamond surface, are "a
beauiu ana lasting "a the most costly ones lnrse
~ Idrslah diamonds Sole agent, Rchard Humph.
teys, az Broadway ay-ddr.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

ctNU'I tho denl,e of Isa, Tom Warner be.
II. favored fueud Of Uncle Daniel Dr ".
b.. r'""..i largely by this intimacy. lie ha,
MAJ away from "l'lcle Daniel" now, and
tn."l ,o ZONES of telling him he invited tnat
ts'o. ,tl'r Methodlst to look through a new
"ly,t' tAat Trend had purchased.
askcd De Sou an usLrOnomyV Uncle Daniel
son 'ner ne, replied that he had given the subject
out ~ a, .tu u; ana ne would he glad to point
two staru ~ ,p'neiaotor the moon ana a dozen or
No. id.,a- ,he room Mr. Drew id "wali. / had
Ihe a. J. pnm wis such an astronomy"
iho n w. " NrI, ~ " "h'l siieet dee ly regret that
fnd' '-uo'n, ,la- dion. IN 'Cn ,',,s or
H. ~ y. '4 p, tIlIr.rI f.rrriyat, bnxs
"N| Lltn 81. n.,..-8 t.e .h.o.L. ''Ao'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-01-16

Dicks Ta,teless Medicines can now be had In
al urus sl0EeA AsA tor Clrcul.r-AdO
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17
Another Life Insurance bankruptcy

Another life insurance company has coll
lapsed. 1t Is the Security, and IT goes into
bankruptcy with beggariy array Of
assets. The concern was fraud. With
hablhtics of about two millions Of dollars,
II IS able to foot up assets OF only about
five hundred thousand dollars, yet II went
on dong business rs II 1t had the whole
two millions, and deceiving the public by
false pretences TO that effect.
There are no corporations which need in
the interest o; the public closer hedging
about by legislative restrictions and more
careful Government scrutiny than the life
insurance companies. Though their prin-
ciple OF business is simple yet II is not I'M
derstood by the public generally, even by
those who have policies III them, and the
opportunities for deceit are numerous
They pay large commissions to get new
bu-iness, give their inside managers great
salaries, support an army of agents, and
experience shows that by some means the
men who control them get rich without
doing any other WORK The vast majority
of the policies taken out lapse, aud the
money pad on them goes into the treas
urles of the companies. The sum dlsbursed
for policies terminated by death is com
parauvely very small, ana IL ouly "A frnc-
ton Of the expense oI running the con-
Germs.
The life insurance business costs too
much 10 run. 1t Is pushed with IA zeal aud
bitterness OF competition which suggests
that il is II purely money making enter
prise. The agents scour the country like
commercial travellers, drumming up new
policies on the premiums of winch they
get their commissions. and their tempta-
ton is TO Inisrepresent and befog in order
TO secure livelihood. They are, indeed II
nuisance, WITT their pertlnacty. as great
as that of the sewing machine or lightning
rod man; and the worst feature OF their
trade IS that they pursue II under the color
OF "A sort of humanitariani,m. when their
sole object IS to get their twenty or thirty
or forty per cent. commission on the pre-
MUM.
This is all wrong, and life insurance can
never get aud deserve the confidence of
the public until 1t dispenses with these
pushing soliciting agents, so costly to the
companies, and so annoying and mIslcad-
ing to the public. As IL Is now, III most OF
the companies the agents are pampered
necessities. They are the arms OF tho in
stitutioD, which depends on them for its
growth and for its ability 10 keep up
alongside OF its rivals. The insured Is
obliged TO pay the agents commission
whether he uses the agent or not, II he
goes to the oompapys ofaoe on his own mo-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17
End of the Railroad War.

The railroad magnates have settled their
differences. treaty of peace has been
signed, based on equal rates from Western
centres to Atlantic seaboard cities on all
through competitive freight Intended for
foreign or coastwise exports.
This arrangement comedies to the shorter
routes the right of making certain differ
entail rates on local freight intended solely
for consumption at Baltimore and Phila-
delphia. Ii was claimed on the part OF
the Baltimore and Ohio road that under
no circumstances, could the products of
the West necessary for the daily wants OF
the people OF Baltimore be subjected to
the same code of rules which are i'm future
TO govern all competitive through bust
ness. In other words, while they were
Wiling to cOncede whatever advan taCes
attached TO their shorter route rs far as
competitive through business and the ex-
port trade were concerned, they did not
deem IL just or proper that the citizens
Of Baltimore should be deprived OF the
advantages Of lower rates on the products
OF the West actually consumed by them.
The argument J. very strong, and the de-
maud not unreasonable. lnasmuch as Mr..
VANDERBILT las no intention OF entering
into competition with the Baltimore aud
OHIO road for supplying Baltimore with
the products Of the West, ii is, or ought to
BE-, no affair Of his what reasonable rates
MI GARRETT makes on this local freight.
A meeting OF the representatives. of the
trunk lines was neld yesterday at the
windsor Hotel II was entirely harmO-
NOUS. MI GARRETT representative, Wee
President KlNG, met all propositions Incl
dental TO carrying out the necessary de-
tails OF the new arrangement in brond
liberal, concllatory spirit. II il believed
that the present peace will be "a lasting
one. II is the result Of mature delibera-
ton and much discussion. Based on
equitable principles II gives sincere salts
faction to all parties Mr.. VANDERBILT
carries his point OF "equal rates on all
through competitive business" while
Messrs GARRETT and SCOTT protect the in
terests OF their respective cities in all mat
tiers OF local freight intended for home
consumption. After the railroad mag
mates came to a cordial understanding at
yesterdays meeting, the freight agents OF
the different roads remained long in ooun-
oil, engaged in the laborious work OF per-
tectiDg the details BY which the new sys'
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

ton and takes out his own policy, an agent
will be at hand to render him nominal aid
and TO be allowed his percentage. This
percentage is not only on the first pre-
MUM paid, but every subsequent premium
the Insured pays must have II smaller per-
centage deducted from 1t for the benefit OF
the all-importaut agent. The agents will
not stand any interference with their BUSH
ness. The companies cannot make any
concessions to people who wish to do with
out the intervention of these go-betweons.
This makes of life insurance n money
making business for those who transact IT,
instead OF an institution, like the savings
bank, for the solo benefit of the frugal and
providcnt; and II encourages fraud, ex-
travagnncc, and deceit in the management
of the companies.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

A conspiracy like that which has now
CAPT al, requires the use OF those vile insiru-
ments who have ALWAYS heretofore been en-
p'oyed In this sort OF criminal service. 1t Ia
well known that an organized band OF detec-
tvcs, iuformers, and spies Of both sexes are
now plSing their Infamous vocation among Sem
ators, REPRESENTATIVE, committees, and the
families u public men. who have been In any
way conspicuous Ia the recent Presidential
camp ign.
This force IA maintained at the public ex-
pense, Just as the army OF deputy marshals was
paid from the fund Appropriated to the judtci.
AIRY, and negro testimony was FABRICATED IN New
Orleans by the summons Of witnesses issued
through The United States c )nmls-ioner. Some
device Is ALWAYS found for LAYING violent hands
on the peoples money. and tho opinions OF
Attorney-Gent ri TAFT AMI his pr lcticc. too,
with the fund voted Tor his department. have
made LAudaulet WILLIAMS respectable 10y CON
trsst.
These informers and spies make regular re-
ports, which hereafter are t. furnish the basis
for the worst usurp,tions Of power. They hire
the servants Of pthllc men To reveal the family
conhience- to report the bic Tx. the visitors.
and everything that can Toe turned to sccoLnt by
Misrepresentation, fdlsehood or invention. And
they viii doubtless procure an ayits With cross
marks by the busnel, as kELLO0G's crew did IN
Louisiana for another purpose, but Ia the same
llne Of yillany.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

tenn is TO he carried out. The session was
protracted, the discussions animated, the
proceedings harmonious, and the result
satisfactory.
This peace will satisfy and crafty all
parties in intcrcst-railway managers,
stockholders, and the public Mt large. We
have OF late had the singular spectacle of
railway shippers clamoring for higher
freight rates. They have actually begged
and implored tho trunk lines to increase
rates Their prayer is about TO be answer
ed. We understand there will he u general
advance in trunk line frclghts tomorrow.
The public may rest assured that Eastern
aud Western rates will no longer DO I'M
rennnerntiYer
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str: Senator
Morton end other lesser lights in the Republican
party, bent ON counting IN Mr.. Hayes ut ali M
ards, insist that, by "A provision In the Coustltu-
tlon, plenary power Il given to tue Pr sident
~ the Senate to count aud Gnally determine the
electoral vote beyond appeal. IL matters not
what stain Of fraud or other lllegltimacy rests
upon the credentials of an eiector from any
Sta.e; II hes with that functionary to withhold
permission for any attempted iuuIirY into sucn
fraud. His prerogItvo silences aud oyerr0es
all objections.
TINS power, IA Is said, il given him by the Con.
stitutton. II TINS he So allow me to ask now II
hapuens that Congress, as u has alien done. can
lcgi-ldte away this rctog ave or his, either nY
INT rules or otherwise. Does not the fact tnat
Congress ms always freely legislatcd on Lne sub
lect. dehy the assumption that the Pfeeiden' OF
the Senat" has tho HEht cOntended for under
the CONSTITUTION b. PAYsON.
PORTLAND, Dec. IL. 1919.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

The House Yesterday unanimously re-
ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary the
subject OF the refusal OF Mr.. ORroS, the Presl-
dent Of the Western Union telegraph Company,
to give up the dispatches which passed between
ZACH CHANDLER and his agents at New Orleans
aud Tallahassee. Mr.. MORRISON, TIE Chairman
Of the Louisiana Investigating Committee, had
telegraphed Mr. HASDALL that the Republicans
we're making every effort to defeat the inquiry.
His correspondence with Mr.. ORION was pre-
sented to tue House. Mr.. ORToS will probably
be summoned TO testify before the Judiciary
Committee regarding the matter Of his refusal
to deliver up the messages
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17
Who is On TrinIs

To THE EDITOR OF TIE SUN-Sh: Is
the Republican party on triaf According to u
report published in to-days Htrdh, Messrs, Ray,
Dibbls, Gorham, aud others addressed, under
daie Of yesterday at New Orleans, La, commu-
nication to the Chairman Of the Congressional
Committee on duty at That place, In which they
call themselves "couDsel for the Republican
party In the Investigation respecting Louisiana
affairs" and they request the committee that
" suitable accOmm cd atoms he Afforded 10 the
counsel representing tho Republican party in
TINS tnvestigation." Such language puzzles me,
and ask an explanation. was under the lm-
preston that Congress mad appointed commit
mittees TO Investigate the frauds perpetrated at
the late elections in Louisiana, Florida and
South Carolina, but not u investigate the action
Of the Republican party In the premises.
QUERY.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

On Thursday the House OF Representa-
tives OF South Carolina which Is recognized by
the Supreme Court az the legal one, IN joint ses-
sion with tho Democratic Sen tors, formally de-
cared the result Of the election for Governor AMI
Lieutentnt-GOvernOr, publishing the vote as
given IN the original returns OF the county Elec-
tion Commissioners. Then Sp akcr WALLACE
read an Official statement he ring the seal of tho
State, and signed by MIR. IiAyNE. the colored Re-
publican Secretary OF state, certifying that
WADE lIAMPrONs majority over CnAMBKRtAIN
was Lib votes, and that SHtPMAN, the Demo-
cratic candidate for Lleuten int- Governor. was
elected by amajofity Of l59, whch agreed pre-
cisely with the figures gwen In tho original
county returns. After these prelinintries
WADE II HAMPTON was inaugurated IA Governor,
and nothing but lawless int, rposition by Federal
Il ops can now prevent him from exercising the
functions OF that Office. IL IL possible, however,
that GRANT ~ take II into his muddlej brain
to interfere again, though hs has no more right
to NEEDLE with this question than he has to
eend a corporal's guard Of soldiers to Albany on
the meeting OF the New York legislature. leav-
n1 1t with the corporal in commInd to decide
upon the validity OF Gov ROBiNsoN's election,
and to his discretion whether or no the
Governor elect snail be permitted to enter
the Capitol
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17

To-diy's news Is that yesterday eulogies
on tue late Speaker kerr were delivered In the
House. and the Post Once Appropriation hin
passed. the total being $5j2!l,lls; that TIL
DES's ofica majority IN West Virginia Is
1860; that the Alabama lie. stature has
repealed the law taxing commercial travellers
atty dollars that the Imports for the week
were t4,O4i,Od4; that the brooklyn nre relief
fund now reaches about t30U1; tina. the stock
market 10 active under the stimulus of the high-
er rates for freight arranged for under the set
Element Of the differences between the trunk
railroads: ttat flOOo 500 IN gold coin arrived at
New York from Liverpool Yesterday: that the
weeks bank averages show an increase in specie
Of f4G3s00, due 20 heavy arrivals OF specie
from Europe: that the advance In freight
rates eastward from Chicago will DO to thirty
to thirty Ave cents per hundred and westward
bound nfty cents per hundred that the Italian
Commission for revising the penal code have
voted un nimously to report in favor OF abolish
Ing the death penalty; thai tue Turkish matter
still looks SOU lily.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17
An Eye-Opencr for Hayes.

Mr. JONI j. LONo, a Republican candi-
date for member OF the Louisiana Lcgis-
lnturc from De soto parish, was defeated
tho WELLS process. Although Republic
can, Mr.. LONG does not seem to derive his
notions OF honor from ZACu CHANDLER,
and OF honesty from JAY GOULD. He de-
clines to receive from the hands of the
Returning Board an office to which he was
not elected. Knowing rs do" SAYS Mr..
LoNG, that I was fairly defeated at the
polls, no intimidation or fraud having been
practised by the opposite party at any pre-
cinct in the parish, SO far as have been
able to ascertain after "A thorough investi-
cation, my sclt-respcct will not permit me
TO accept the position" Aud then he goes
on to say 81 am planter. not n politi-
clan; all my interests are here; but, sir,
cannot believe the good OF the State or of
the National Republican party can be
promoted by returning, rs elected, a can
didatc so clearly defeated as myself"
GOV. RuTHERFoRD -. HAYES, the Repub-
licnn candidate for President, was, like
Mr.. LoNG, defeated ut the polls, but after
ward counted In in Louisiana by the ras-
cally Returning Board. One OF the tricks
by which he, like Mr.. Lone, was given "A
fraudulent majority, was tue rejection of
the De soto vote on the false pretence of
intimidation.
Mr.. HAYES has been represented to the
country as man of honorable instincts.
Perhaps up 10 this time, he has not sus-
pected the rascality that has been going on
In his political interests. Perhaps he has
believed the stories that CHANDLER and
MORTON and SHERMAN nave told him about
intimidation in De Soto aud other parishes
in Louisiana. But now, since the publioa-
ton of Mr.. LONGS letter, his ewes must
have been opened. Is his sense Of honor
less acute than that OF his fellow Repub-
lican who ran for the Lcgisaturei VIII
his self-respect allow him to accept a posi-
ton to which he has not been elected
Does he believe that the good of the party
can be promoted by returning. as elected.
a candidate so clearly defeated As himself
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-12-17
One Of GRANTS Creditors in Trouble.

The Premier OF the late Samoan mon
archy asks Congress to protect him from
Great Britain, which has locked him up.
STEINBERGER, II will be remembered. was
removed by the British man-of- war Barisi-
couta, in March last, from Apia, where he
had degenerated from Prime Minister
in'o "A common uisance. Why he is sun
imprisoned does not appear; but that Is the
business Of the English Government, not
of ours.
II Congress has any time 10 devote to the
affairs of samoa, 1t should be spent, not In
getting King MALIErOA's subjects out OF
trouble. but III investigating GRANTS cou-
nection with the job Of two years ago. The
illegal employment Of "A United States man
of-war to convey an adventurert to Apia bay,
the Illegal employment of the executive
seal TO foist that adventurer upon credu-
lous people, the embezllement of property
OF the United States To make gifts IN the
interest of that adveutuIer. are matters
which concern Congress. The fortunes OF
that adventurer. after he has censcd 10 be
citizen OF the United States, do not con-
cei II Congress.
If the samoan lob ia ever to be investi-
gated il must be before the 4th Of Mar h.
for Congressional Inquiry than he cares for
the outlawed note against him which
STEINBEIl0ER holds.