davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22

Las recompensas especiales que
mereci6 el ingeniero frances Mr.. Ba-
xin al terminar la exposition interna-
eional fuvial y martina celebrada
el af1o pasado en- ell palacio de la in
dustria de Paris las lisonjeras dis
tinciones de que ha sido objeto dlti-
mamente por parte de S. NJ. el rey de
los Belgas, en- la exposition de Bru-
selas; y mas que todo, la gran i'm
portancia que pueden tener algunos
de los descubrimientos de este sabio
ingeniero para ell perfeccionamiento
de las Was de trasporte, sea por mar,
por canales 6 por rios, nos imponen
Ia obligation de hacer un examen es-
pecial de tan dtiles inventos. Por
hoy nos limitaremos 4 describir ell
nuevo aparato 8 draga que ha descu-
bierto, la cual obtiene actualmente en-
1odas parties una aceptacion tan justa
como merecida.
Ell mundo y, con especialidad,
Francia, ven de vez en- cuando apare-
Ger alguno de esos hombres estudio
sos, inventories que, devorados por la
sed de la novedad, consagran dias y
noches al descubrimiento de los mas
difIciles problemas, cuya solucion les
permite tranquear de un golpe la dis
tancia que separa a estos grandes &C.
MOS de la muititud de los ciudadanos.
Forzoso es consignar que en- nuestra
Gpoca de escepticismo y de Materials
mo brutal, estos infatigables obreros
de la civilization son generalmente
desconocidos NAL apreciados.
En- todos tiempos los autores de
inventos han sido objeto de mofa 8 de
burlas: el pdblico, avaro de sus ad
rniraciones, 8 no prodigandolas sino en-
determinados hechos, parece compla-
cerse Ell no yer en- ellos mas que alu
cinados, vanidosos 6 charlatanes. Otras
veces, bastante a menudo por des-
gracia los que ejercen Influenza y au-
toridad, no solo no les prestan protec-
cion nj apoyo, sino que, consideraa-
. dolos como el enemigo del saber, CO.
mo atrevidos innovadores 8 como es-
pfritus rebeldes y peligrosos, suelen
perseguirlos sin tregua nj descanso
A pesar de todo, q estos incansables
trabajadores Sc debe dnicamente ell
progreso del mundo y la organization
de Ia sociedad. A ellos es debido
tambien todo el saber que constituye
81 dominic moral y la existencia ma
terial del hombre. Sin recurrir a histo-
rias bastante modernas, que pudieran
despertar querellas politicas y religio-
sas, 81 Sc quisieran bosquejar las crue-
les persecuciones de que han sido VIC
imas, no habrfa mas que traaladar ell
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22

zaba impasible h$cia el pequeno fuer.
tie, hasta que ei bravo captain ID. Jose
Galceran del Vale, que 10 mandaba,
vlendo que va no podla hacerse uso
de los calones, por haberse metido el
enemigo. en- 81 foso, tornado el reduc-
to, doce de sus hombres muertos Y la
casa que era de paja y barro, acribi-
ilada a balazos, reparti6 dos cajones
de granadas de mano, para que las
tiraran al foso 6 hizo defender las tro j..
neras y boquetes con bayonetas Y
ehuzos. El fondo del foso en- Que es-
taban agrupados los asaltantes, Sc
convirti6 en- un volcan, pues, reven-
tando, las granadas sembraron la
muerte y el espantO entire los merce
narlos extranjer0s que sc pronuncia-
ron en- vergozosa fuga, dejando ell
foso y la colina LENA de cadaveres,
entire ellos el del teniente coronei
que mandaba la vanguardia. Viendo
nuestro gobernador que hufan en- dos
orden On todas direeciones, me mand6
CUE acto continue hioiese una salida
con La gente que pudiera reunir, d
fin dc aprovechar aquellos momentos
do panico. Tome a la puerta del casti-
Ito nnos ounce 6 veinte hombres y al
pasas por La Inca otros cuarenta de
Barbastro, con su captain d. Manuel
Old, y desplegados en guerrilla, corrl-
mos SCORE los dispersos: otros ounce
soldados me envi6 el valiento Galce
ran, del fuerte atacaao, m@nlados por
el teniente ID. Fabian PrietO. Con
eSIa Iuerzl oALIls.asuiss,lss pot vi Ltlua-
TO, alcanzanOs Ia retagnardia tilibus.
terra, Ia Q4a dssni14iiAvs c0iupleGa-
mente & la bayoneta, pasando 4 GU.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22

extranjeros formados, l6jos de retro
ceder, los nueStrOs avanzaron con to-
merario arrojo. VaCios pe,dieron la
vida en- la punta de las lanzas DE-
Montes, entire ellos eli capitau O;felar
de Cachir, que los couducia, pero es-
caparon iesos los mas, gracias a La
acertada direction d1l teniente Roder,
que no Sc amilan6 por la muerte de
su intr6pido superior u.
Pasamos La noche sin dormir. pero
Cambien sin que 81 enamigo nos alta
case.
Amaneci6 el dia IL y con placer su-
pimos por varias mujeres procedentes
del campo, que los ingleses hablan
levantado el campo, atravesando la
sabana de OalitssrO a la vuelCa do Gu
manacoa y cue, por Maturin, Sc diri-
gian Guayana d reunirse con Bolt
var, qaedandO la misma gente que
haDia anGos al frente dol slCio de Gu.
mana. a las dez del dia la escuadra
ley0 anclas y tom6 el rumbo do La
Margarlta.
Hlciinos aquella tarde I'm reoono.
cim'onto y encootramos qnenados los
ranohones recien construidos, mu,
chos regnesos do sangre, sepulturas
frescas, y Godas las senales de ser
verdaderas la retirada y darrota de
aquellos exJranjeros, que Sc habian
con una resis5eacia uue
no esperaban. -
Il ~'ies,a. .sy cada cuatro ! oino, a;as,
-----------s ~ L
8 I" % 1 no stos qua los del faarte indcado
ssfon ~; " plmefp con distiutivo que les
i!o 81 orgad,er q asspugs CON s gsao lnnis.
taso a;s 100 onelses classs CON pension vita.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22

de aquella incertidumbre matando 6
muriendo. A Las 3 y media volv1
con ell gobernador al castillo, donde
nos sentamOs sObre unos bancOs que
estaban on la esplanada. A las 4 to
caron los enemigos una ruidosa diana
en- diferentes dlrecciones, exceptO en-
ell sitio en- donde hablamos dido el
rumOr.
Mi brigadier, los que nos deben
atacar primerO estan ahl escOndidos y
esOs no tocan diana.
Me parece que ga es hora de que
tomemOs otro trago, me contest6
aquel jefe, echando mano a su botella
de campaila. Ouando me TOGO a mi
beber senti mas clarO el rumor que
nunca.
Mi brigadier, los tenemos encima.
eamoslO, djo est6icamente; y
asomandonOs por una tronera, percl-
bimos entire la luz confusa del crep1s-
culo y a m6nos de tiro de fusil, dos
columnas de tropa como DO 1900
hombres. Los entilabamos con los
calones, cuandO nos dlrigleron una
descarga general, dando el grito de
guerra ihurra! Llov1an las balas
sobre el castillo q la vez que los insur-
gentes trepaban acknowledgements por
los cerros; pero la metralla de nues-
tras pleas y la fus'lerla del fuerte
DO la izquiertia, les hicieron pronto
variar de dreccion h&oia la derecha,
para atacar el fuerte de Agua-santa,
quo, aunque no tenia mas que dos
canones, lanzaDa so5re Los encmigos
multitud de balas de fusil y algun"s
tiros dc meGraiia muy bien dirigidos.
Sin embargo. la maaa tilpustera avan-
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22

por el enemigo, pasamos los meses de
agosto y setiembro. Regresado Me-
dina de Caracas, le entregu6 el bata.
lion, volviendo q concretarme mi
companla.
El l3 de octubre nombr6me el brl-
gadier Oires, comandante polftico y
militar del pueblo y puerto de Oard-
pano, cuya Jurisdiction abarca dlez y
Ocho leguas de costa. @ss@
Embarqu6me ol dia 15 al amanecer
en- una lancha, llegando .por Ia tarde,
despues de haber atravesado el golfo
dc Oariaco, la rancherla de. las Ga
viotas, sta ocho leguas de sOumana,
donde hicimos una oomida de escabe-
che: de ALI pasamos a fuerza de reno
a Oniguana. MIS- dos asistentes y 20
cenamos I'm patio que 70 cazara, al
mismo UiempO que avisaOa al pueblo
que me trajesen ua par de caballos
para llevar los equipajes. Mecldo por
la m1sica Internal de millares de mos
quiCos Y Zancudos que me devoraban,
pas6 La noche gu IN rancho abandOr
nado, tendido en- mi hamaca.
81 is legue a Oardpano no sin gran
des peiigros habi6ndome reclbido muy
bien mi antecesor el captain .Argiie-
lies La casa en- que estaba la Otclna
peruenecla unos intidentes pr6fugos.
Lo primero que md llam6 Ia ateh-
cion fu6 una gran mancha negra Coz
mo de sangre, on Ell suelo de bianeos
Iadrilios,
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22

II -
quedara absolutamente ifnpotente,
pues sabido es que Ia preston atmos-
f9rica tiene su Unite determinado.
La expresada bomba, que en- la prac-
tica no podria elevar el aqua misma
4 nneve metros y medic, serfa con
mayor razon inefcaz, para arrastrar
la arena, cuya densidad es doble que
la del aqua, q alturas varias, entire
diez y treinta metros.
Ahora bien, descendiendo esta
bomba en- su calado tres metros y
medic por debaio de la Inca de fota-
cion, en- ell interior del casco del bar
co, la energia de la corriente ascen~
sional de los escombros, Sc aunenta-
ra en- tan grandes preparedness que
sobre 4 metros de velocidad por Sc
gundo que Sc obtendran como maxi
nun con la ayuda de una excelente
bomba, podra anadirse la fuerza de
la corriente p-oducida por ell peso hi
dra1!ico de tres metros y medic, fuer-
"a que equ;vale, menos los roces, en-
tieniase bien, 4 s m. 28 de velocidad
por segundo. Con la suma de estas
dos fuerzas Sc habra establecido una
corriente, cuya velocidad primordial,
sera de IL m. %; y no solo Sc pro-
duce asl una corriente sencilla, sino
un arrastre torrencial que disgrega
los escombros, los recoge en- su movi-
miento y los eleva por ell tubo hasta
la bomba centrffuga que los expulsa
rapidamente, por otro tubo de ataque,
en- una barcaza unida q la draga. La
expulsion de la mezcla de arenas y
los escombros, desde la centrifugal al
tubo, es operacion laboriosa, psro com
pletamente mecanica, mientras que el
principal trabajo, 8 sea la ascension
de las materias por ell tubo desde Ell
fondo al cuerpo de bomba, es produ
cido por Ia adicion de una fuerza ma
tural & otra fusrza que en diferentes
circunstancias, resultarla completa =
mente perdida.
La practica veriicada en- grande
escala ha demostrado que treinta ca
baljos de vapor de Is kil6gramos,
bastan para elevar, de las mayoras pro
fundidades, cuatro mil toneladas de
arenas en- doce horas de trabajo efec-
two.
Ell precio del establecimiento de un
Extractor, es mucho mas inferior que
eI de una draga ordinaria y su entire
tenimiento puede considerarse POGO
m6nos que nulo. En- cuanto 4 sus rem
dimientos, es como ocho s diez veces
superior al de una draga de area
duces.
Creemos indtil insistir mas sobre la
grande importancia de este admirable
iescubrimiento. Toda utilization de
las fuerzas de la naturaleza, es un
bene6cio tanto mayor, cuantos mas ira
bajo produzca con meuos dispendios
Seanos permitido repetir, para ter
minar, que 81 extractor del ingeniero
M. Bazin, no es invento de demostra-
cion te6riea. En- todas parties Sc le
utiliza va con ell mas ventajoso resul
tado. Veinte y tres de sus aparatos
funcionan en- Russia, sobre el Volga,
en- Cronstand y San Petersburgo.
Cuatro Sc utilizan en- la Amer ca del
Norte: en- New York, en- Ell Nevada,
en- el Colorado y en- Gold Bluffs.
Tambien Sc lie puede yer tuncionar en-
la Guayana francesa y en- Francla.
Por ditimo, sabemos que Sc han Pc
dido al inventor hasta ell ndmero de
cuarenta de sus aparatos para diver
sos paises extranjeros, 6gurando siete
de ellos con destlno a lnglaterra.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22
BOLETIN NERC!l|NFH DE PEEERYl-RICo.
yukves Al de- Dieiembre de 1875.

Siendo cada dta una necesidad mas
apremiante Ia limpieza de puestro
puerto de la capital, y habiendose
descubierto en- Francia una nueva
draga que parece tener grandes ven
tajas en- todos conceptos sobre las
antiguas, NADIA mas oportuno que in
sertar en- este sitio preferente la des-
cripcion que de este aparato hace un
peri6dico cient16co de Paris, el EG
Dzorateur, y que ha traducido para el
BoLETIN nuestro apreciable y euten-
dido colaborador ell Sr. D. Ricardo
Barber.
ET, EXTRACTOR
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22
.nFOLLETIN.
MEMORIALS De UN MlLlTAR

AAnAOAs Ds UN NDRo NADrTe T ARREaIADAs
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22
NUESTROS JOVENES ARTISTAS
EN- ROMA.

La bella Espana, en- cuyo CLEO
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22
Ell EXTRACTOR

DEL NGENIERo NJ. BAzIN.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1876-12-22
NUEVO APARATO

para Ia Impiesa de los pxertos, conales rios.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03
The street Cars.

1t is to be hoped that the street car COM
panics arc pleased with the results of the
interview of their agents at Albany with the
Railroad Committee, for the people certainly
will be. In the pithy conversations between
the members of the committee and the
agents of the companies, as reported by our
correspondent, the public can see the whole
case at glance. Mr.. Sullivan, of the Brook
lyn City Railroad Company, argued for the
interests of that company at some length to
prove that proper administration would
ruin it. and then was forced to admit that
its shares are now worth zone hundred and
eighty" which seems to indicate a pros
perity not to be easily damaged This gen.
tleman pleaded the dreadful hardship of his
company that il only made seven -tenths of a
cent on each dollar but this sum-
profit on each five cent fare, is four
teen per cent-a fact which should have
been considered before complaining at such
gain. There arc several facts that some of
these railroad men should explain at Albany,
and one CT them is in regard to the incapa-
city of the streets to accommodate their cars
If they run more than are now on They
say that cars will then be run so close to-
gether that people cannot cross the streets.
If that be true how is it that anybody can
now cross West Broadway, in which street
are run all the cars of three companies !?
Sixth avenue, Eighth avenue and Broadway
cars now run down that street, and the cars
of two lines run up it, yet other traffic is not
greatly troubled. The Killian bill is rather
strengthened than hurt by the assault made
thus far, and, with the improvements that
Mr.. Killian proposes will be an effective
measure. In the notifications contemplated
he should keep in view the bill drafted by
Mr.. Bergh, and should incorporate in his
own measure oil its essential features.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03
Health in tho Public schools.

There cannot be n subject of gravcr i'm
portance than ;he ventilation Of orr public
schoolhouses. Badly constructed class
rooms, especially when more children arc
put into them than they can accommodate.
will work greater injury than plague. Ill
health is q common thing among the chill
dren in the public schools in this city, and
the cause of it in nine cases out of ten is
in .he crowding of 50 many persons into tho
schoolrooms Attention was called TO iLis
state of affairs in superintendent Kidiie's
annual report, but il is peculiarity OF our
municipal boards never to act in any matter
until forced TO it by public opinioh Neither
the Board of Education nor the Board Of
Health has taken any notice Of The superin-
tendcRt's spgcr ep api unless our citizens
The New York herald., 1876-03-03
Tho Evidence Against Belknap.

The evidence of Mr.. Caleb p. Marsh. of
New York city,, against Secretary Belknap
states that he paid the Secretary in all
twenty thousand dollars out of the forty
thousand dollars he received from the ap-
pointment to the post leadership at Fort
Sill, 1. t., given him by the latter. This
forty thousand dollars was clear profit, as Mr..
Marsh testifes that by an arrangement with
Mr.. Evans, the post trader before him, the
latter carried on the business, giving Marsh
bonus Of twelve thousand dollars year for
two years and six thousand dollars year
since. AS Mr.. Marsh received the pay
ments he regularly halved them with the
Secretary of War. The money was sent in
various ways or handed over in person. The
appointment was procured in 1871, Mr..
Marsh testiies, through the Offices of the de-
ceased Mrs. Belknap and his present wife,
then Mrs. Bowers, the deceased wife's sister.
On being served with the subpoena to
give evidence before the House Committee
on Expenditures in the War Department
Mr.. Marsh went to Washington and con.
suited with Secretary Belknap and his wife
as TO what he should do. Belknap was ex-
cited and begged Marsh to extricate him
from the impending ruin. Mrs. Belknar
suggested a plan of evading the truth
in the matter. but Marsh told her it ''would
not hold water before the committee
Marsh offered to leave the country, but his
counsel pointed out that he would have
to remain away until the present
Congress expired the Secretary said
Marsh's going away would ruin him
equally with Marsh's telling the truth.
Mr.. Tomlinson, Mrs Belknap's brother,
only part of the truth would be told.
Marsh at last threw all the plans overheard,
went before the committee and gave the above
account of the transaction.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03

learn that their children are being poisoned
day by day in the public schools. both on
account of the want of ventilation Of the
schoolrooms and the way in which the chill
dren are huddled into space fit for only half
tho number, even under the most favor
able conditions, there will be no
remedy. We trust, however, that official
indifference will not be allowed to continue
much longer, but that sufficient accommo-
dations will be provided for all the children
in our public schools, and that all of
these buildings will be rendered health
full in every respect.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03

TURKISH JUGGLERY, applied to the interest
on bonds in the possession of Englishmen,
does not seem TO be appreciated by the un-
sentimental old lady of Threadneedle street.
The Sultan, finding himself short Of the in
terest on one loan, wished TO transfer tho
Egyptian tribute which is held by
the Bank Of England TO pay the interest on
another loan to the credit of that on which
the deficit exists. This "robbing Peter to
pay Paul" is highly popular in Eastern
finance, where aprovince is plundered to pay
of a brigade of cooks and the cooks are in
turn levied on to restore order in the prov
ince; but John Bull does not believe in such
high art. Let the Sultan beware Such con-
duct is slowly sapping the sympathy of the
English nation With his interesting Empire.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03

ANOTHER BATTLE, with defeat of the
Turks, is the insurgent answer to the re-
forms proffered by the Porte. Russia is
bullying Montenegro into neutrality by word
of mouth and keeping up the war feeling by
suggestive winks. Austria is having her
trouble for her pains in preaching peace
when thero is no peace. The Sultan cannot
pay his bills. Tho outlook is not pleasant
for the latter.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03

WHES THE PRESIDENT adopted the policy
of appointing staff officers and not statesmen
in his Cabinet he said that 10 was respon-
sible for the administration and meant to
have men that ho could trust. He appointed
Belknap, when no one had ever heard of
him he continued him in Office after his
completely with frauds had been made clear
in the columns of the HERALD, and now he
rescuos him from the Just anger Of the House.
''Let no guilty man escape
The New York herald., 1876-03-03

new appointment ana new connrmatlon
by the Senate. His connection with the
Office is not sundered so long as he is not
put in such a position that q new appoint
ment by the President and Senate is neces-
sary to enable him to resume its duties.
Whether the acceptance of Beiknaps resigna-
tion really protects him from impeachment is
a aquestion on which opinions will differ; but
there is no room for question that the pur-
pose of the President was to bar an impeach-
ment and assist q confessed criminal to fee
from justice. This bold attempt to
shield guilty officer from the legal
the President moral accomplice in the
guilt of Belknap. When q member of his
Cabinet who had abused his confidence and
disgraced his administration is on the point
OF being arraigned for high crimes and mis-
demeanors the President ought to aid the
regular course Of justice instead of attempt
ing to thwart and obstruct it. He should sur
render the culprit to the full legal conse-
quences of his crimes.
On the legal point relating to the i'm
peachability of an officer whose res
ignaton has been accepted there was
n difference of opinion in the House
in the brief discussion yesterday, but we
think it improbable that an impeachment
can be sustained. Since the acceptance of
his resignation Secretary Belknap is COM
pletely out of office, and the federal consti-
tuition authorizes the impeachment of nobody
but civil officers of the government. General
Belknap is no longer civil officer, and it
seems very clear that he cannot be impeached.
The point was made in the brief debate
impeach him and leave this legal point
for the decision of the Senate. But
this would be very idle proceeding if there
is good ground for the opinion that the
Senate would be compelled to decide that it
has no jurisdiction in such q case. We have
no doubt that this will be the decision if the
case is sent to the Senate, and we can there
fore see no wisdom in spending time and
effort in n vain attempt. The moral and
political effect of Secretary Babcock's crime
will be terribly damaging to the administra-
ton, and the democratic majority of tho
House will weaken their advantage if they
make an abortive attempt to strain the law
beyond its fair Interpretation.
This startling case makes every former ac-
cusation against an American administration
seem pale and tame. Hard things were said
against the administration of President Bu-
chanan because he had men in his Cabinet
who proved to be secessionists, but the DEM
ocratic disgrace of that period was not SO
foul as the sordid meanness Of abusing high
positions for mere private gain In France
Napoleon Ill entered the road to ruin by his
blind tolerance of corruption in the leading
officers of his government, and the final re-
suit was that when he supposed he had an
army strong enough to cope with Germany
he found on trial that the money which |
should have been spent in equipping it had
been embezzled by his faithless subordi- |
mates. The American government has made
fearful advances in similar course, and it
is high time for the people to come to the
rescue.
The New York herald., 1876-03-03

The SILENCE OF BLAINE.-Mr. Blaine had
nothing to say yesterday in the House on
the question of Belknap impeachment. He
had nc word of criticism upon the resigna-
ton of the Secretary and its acceptance by
the President in defiance of the House. Mr..
Blaine had fine opportunity in the House
to show that he is interested in other matters
than the legends o I Andersonyille.