The anti-monopolist., 1876-05-25
RECENT GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS.

Chief Justice Daily, President Of the Geo
graphical Society, remarks that the year
1875 completed The third quarter Of the
nineteenth century, period particularly
distinguished for geographical exploration
sno discovery. For the last twenty.f i've
years we have been living in . period Of ex-
ceptional activity, for al no time has an in
terest SO widespread been manifested for
geographical exploration since the early
part Of the fifteenth century, which saw the
exploration Of the western coast Of Africa by
the Portuguese, and eliminated in the cir
cumnavigation Of the globe by Magellan.
Within the period embraced between l4l6
and 1919 the captains Of Prince Henry had
sailed around the continent Of Africa; Col
umtus had discovered America; his compan-
ion, Nunuz deBalboa, the Pacific; Sebastian
Cabot mad followed the coast Of North Amer
ica 10 the iy-seventh parallel Of north
latitude, and Magellan's vessel, the Victoria
after railing round the world, had returned
10 San Lucar in Spain.
The contury that fowowed this period Of
discovery was occupied with the more par.
iicular exploration and settlement Of the
region. thus brought to the knowledge Of
mankind, and with the lsboIs Of gsograph-
ers and cariographers in arranging the
great mass Of new materials into recon
strucied system Of geography. ln fact, 90
large q portion Of the tartb's surface had
bee ome known within 20 short period that
| il presented enough 10 absorb ell the aciiv.
i,y Of civilized nations for three centuries 10
the work Of co.opizstioD, settlement, or con
quest.
IL was not until The middle Of the nine
teeuth censury that the attention Of man
kind vas again drawn 10 the yet uDdiscov.
cred or ,nperfec-ly known portions Of the
earth. and new interest awakened 10 geo.
graphical exploration and discovery. This
may be sad 10 have begun with The found.
| ing Of geographical society in Paris 10
| 1921: Of another 10 Berlin in 1888, and tbs
establishment of the Royal Geographica
Society of London in 164O Like I'll ne~
things. however, il wss some years before
these societies produced any effect, or tbe
world recognized the value of the purpose
for which they were established. The Roy.
.. Geographical Society Of LonIon mar b
Quoted ae IN illonration Of these societies
| II has now 3,035 fellows, each paying ~ /
year, . large permanent capital, and sn an
nual income Of $4,000. Il has building
fne library, and map room, and has fre
quentls sen. out expeditions for geogrsph
ical exploration and discovery. The turn
ing point ofiis history aad influence ~
the election, in ls43, Of Sir Kodericl ].
Murchi.on 10 the Presidency, then iDthe
fallness Of bis fame - geologist. Dwas
be Who pointed out with remarkable agaci-
y that the parss Of the globe 70 which e.
plontion and research should bsdirected
knd concentrated we're Central Africa, Aus
iraIa, and the regions spfranding The
north and south poles. s1r kodeTick VA
evidently impressed wits The sosvictios that
Sufficient attention ~As MOI then given u
tie advancement ~ the science Of gecgrs-
pay, and to his <ninently practical mind il
xas clear thas 4 vss not 10 Be advanced b
SIMPLY study irg it in The closet, but BY ex-
,loraiions aDi scientific researches, requir.
Iine persistest eForta, and the labors ef 1
nnmerous, Ieslous, sod isteIligent class D,
workers oser > large portiss Of The earth'a
surface Judge DalJ selects Sir Rodssiei
Musshisoa merely = typs. Il was ~
aloee 70 ~ bst u nsay snis0et na h
Fr.aee, 8ssnaay, Russia, ltaly, ~ efhel
seunfriA psD-einent onen9 wham -
- W nsn1el1k tkot ~ eonsie.