New-York tribune., 1876-07-15
ITALIAN AFFAIRS.
out 7

| ULAR pIsCoyTENr-PRoFEssIo OF TIE NEW
| MINISTRY SERVICES OF EX-MINfsrER MIN
| GuErTI-sIiSOR sELLA TIE NEW wLIBERALLEADER
| LEGISLATION BACKWARD.
| lFROu REGULAR CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNE.l
| ROME June 12-Snce my last letter the Chamber
of Deputies hasonce again opened Its doors on Monte
Citorio and our new Ministers have met the Parlia-
| meat and have had time to give a taste Of their
| quality. 1t is the old stOry-nowa1ays very old
story in most OF the countries of Europe-Of an ultra
liberal ministry succeeding in displacing liberal
| ministry, by higher biddlngs for popular favor
which very short experience shows to be deldsiye
The late Ministry represented the moderate" party
| so called in the political slang of the day; aud In
this case the name accurately enough describes the
| thing. If the present Cabinet and their sup
| porters would call themselves the immOd-
| crate " party, the nomenclature you'd be correct
In reality the only two parties in italy truly divided
by principles aims hopes fears and views oil poii'-
cal and social life, are the black party, with its
headquarters at the Vatican, and the Liberal party
with its headquarters at the Quirnal. Andi would
be a very great mistake to suppose that the former
is dead vanqnished, or otherwise than active, pow
crfuI and ubquitOrl,y influential in Italian life
Bnt it il almost unrepgeSented in official liie-not
| absolutely. but so nearly unrepresentcd in the
Chamber that in speaking of the political struggles
OF the day il may be left entirely ont of the account
In the Chamber Right and Left" Ministerials
and OPPOSITION Minghctti Cabinet and Deprc;is
| Cabinet are all "Libcral.' But all cannot be III
| power at once If differences of principle are small,
differences of persons marked enough. The gull
between "ins' and "outsp is of kind appreciablc
| by the nearest capacity, and the question, "Why
should Won be Minister rather than I--espcciay
having had your turn, and that long one ~ has a
tendency to become what the French call q" burn
ing one"
And this question has n special tendency to be-
come cxacerbatod, and a source of bitter feeling
whcn-as has been again and again IN the story
of political reyolutions-a System OF freedom mas
supplanted, rs recently in Italy, contrary system
| of obscnrautsm and repression. Liberty Is so
lovely and new liberty is so Intoxicating, that mel
i'm the fresh morning time of her dawn are apt to for
get as Cowpcr says, "Of all the ills that mortal men
endure, How small the part that laws can cause or
| cuiep All good things are expected! And some
only come! The brooks do not run wine, nor does
roast beef grow on the hedges And disappointment
eusucs Add to this that in the inevitable nature
of things the mon who are most active aud foremost
IN making revolutions are not the men most fitted
to p.rforu or most likely TO be intrusted with the
task of governing the social system. which has been
evolved from them. And thus, at every settling
down of society after bcnetcent storm OF
tho kind, there remains whole army OF
martyrs, clever. bold. active, energetic men,
who feel that they have been defrauded of their
righteous rcward-that they have borne the toll and
the danger of the fight, while others reap the
choicest fruits of the victory; of men dangerous
when thus disappointed and all the more so, be-
cause a community OF discomfort and disllusion
prevents tho mere self-seekng demagogues among
them from being recognized as such by the pure
minded patriots who have llbored in their company
for n common object. The situation Is an inevi-
table one in the generation which follows a great
revolution because the qualities needed for the up
setting of Il bad old government are essentially diff
ferent from those required for the establishment Oh
a good new But the condition OF the political
world resulting thence Is uncomfortable and un-
satisfactory one, tending 10 party divisions on pro-
fcssed grounds. which arc not the real grounds
10 the raising of false issues and TO general but
carefully disguised consideration OF men under the
senbance of discussion Of measures.
OF course if You were living amid the breeZes of
the "Onorcvoli" perpetuaily flying in and out of
that ugly hive Monte Citorio, you would hear
nothing of all this but would he deafened by clat-
fer about grst tax and railway conventions, and
Capitalization and forced currency. But IN what L
have said you have the true key to the whole history
of Italian party politics for the last 10 years. In
cytably under such circumstances the cry OF the
Left of the men who had most TO do with max
ing the revolution, and have had least to do with the
conduct of the Government based on its, " You
h,ye couliscated the revolution to your own profit
You are defriudng us and the nation of tine due
fruits of the work we have done! You are but half
hearted Liberals 'moderates, i'll fact! Come down
from your high places aud make way for those VINO
are prepared to give the people the real advantages
of liberty"
With this cry in their mouths the present Ministry
Of tho eff have rushed to tho assault and scaled
the Ministerial benches. The immediate occasion OF
their attack which alone has made success IN 1t pos
siblc. was the measure proposed by the Late Minis
try and the Fright" for the purchase oil the rail-
ways and the working of them by and on account OF
the state. A certain number OF the Centre dcpu-
ties who had previously voted with the klght, ana
especially the Tuscan group, under the leadership OF
Pcrazz were opposed to this measure, and deserted
their old friends. thereby placing them III a minor
ity. IL is very doubtful, however, whether this
would have suficed to secure the fall OF the
Mnghetti Ministry had there not been at the same I
time very widespread feeling of discomfort at the
alleged severity with which that most unpopular
tax the grist tax was collected The two cries to-
gether availcd to unseat a Minister, VINO had uil-
qucstonaby done more for Italy than any states
man since Cavour Marco Mughetti assumed the
ungrateful task Of managing the finances of Italy
when they were in condition little less than des-
rerate. as all the world but too well knew.
Through good report and evil report he has labored
through several discouraging years at the Sisy-
pbean task of attaining balance of revenue and
EXPENSES and had attained it, wnen in obedenceto to
the voice of factious and in the main very ignorant
majority he left power NeycrI suppose IN the MS
tory of constitutional government has 1t happened
that Finance Minister received notice that lie must
no longer be steward under such circumstances.