davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

WE learn of a strange occurrence at
or near Waldo, this county. A dwell.
ing house belonging 10 a Mr.. Justice,
it is said, has taken fire a number of
times day, from no visible cause
other than spontaneous combustion.
The paper on the wall would at once
ignite and blaze up as freely as if a
burning match had been touched to ii.
The strange phenomena las caused
considerable cOmmotion in the neigh
borhood, and quite q number wit
messed the unaccountable freak. =.
Marion Mirror, ''I
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

The Democratic papers of Colorado
call upon the United States Senate to
investigate the case of Jerome 3.
Chaffee, elected to the Senate from
Colorado, alleging that he ia "unprin-
cipled, ilIiterate and without brains"
whose only qualification for the posi-
tion is his money, with the lavish and
corrupt use of which he bought his
position. If that is all, the call of the
Colorado press and people will be in
vain.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
The Erie and Chicago Line.

On Sunday, December Sd, the
Trough Express Trains of the Erie &
Chicago Line, formerly running be-
tween New York and Chicago by way
of Cleveland and Shelby Junction,
were transferred to the Pittsburg, Ft.
Wayne 81 Chicago Railway, to be run
viaMansfield over the following route
The p. Ft. w. e. q. R'y from Chicago
to Mansfield; the Atlantic s. Great
Western Railroad from Mansfield to
Salamanca ; land the Erie Railway from
Salamanca to New York. -
The great feature OF this line is the
Pullman Hotel Coach, running daily
without change, between Chicago and
New York, Hat"
Leaving Chicago at 5 :l5 p. m., daily
and arriving at New York 6 40 a. M,
second morning. a." sa 7d -a
Leaving New York daily at 700
p. M, and arriving at Chicago 8 90 a..
IN, second morning. n-o a
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

THERE are three claimants of the
Presidency i'm Mexico. We have but
two, but We are fast catching up with
our sister Republic When the clear
ly expressed will Of the people is
borne down and set at defiance by
usurpaiion, force and fraud, we are a
republic only in name, and can hardly
claim pre-eminence over anarchy
cursed Mexico.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
BOatOn Election.

AT the municipal election in Boston
on the 18th inst, f. o. Prince, Secre-
tary of the Democratic National Com
mittee, was elected Mayor by 2,14l
majority over Bradlee (Citizens) and
Butterick ProhibitionisD. Eleven of
the twelve Aldermen are Democratic,
and the Democrats have majority in
the Council. e.- u.. .t. =.
In Worcester the Democrats elected
their Mayor by 2S0 msjority. !.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

The Constitutional Convention, in
session at Concord, New Hampshire,
has voted to abolish the religious test.
Heretofore, Catholics and infidels.
while paying their full share OF taxes
have been excluded from holding Of
fee. The world moves. gt.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
A TYrant an Hundred Years AGO

b. g. :. ~
The Declaration of Indepenence
has been considered for the past hun
dred years the wisest expression ol
grlevous wrongs ever uttered by man.
A recapitulation of some of the charg-
es against the King of Great Britain,
might suggest parallel. ''IIe has
dissolved Representative Houses. lie
has obstructed the Administration OF
justice. lie has made judges depend
ent upon his will alone. lie has erect
Ell multitude of new offices. ,Hehas
kept among us in times of peace,
| standing armies, without the consent
Of our legislatures. lie has affected
to render the military independent of
and superior to, the civil power. He
has combined. with others, to subject
us TO. Jurisdiction foreign to our
Constitution, and unacknowledged by
our laws; giving his assent to their
acts of pretended legislation. For
suspending our own legislatures and
declaring themselves invested with
power to legislate for us in all cases
whatsoever. For all these things
George the Third was defined tyrant
and unfit TO be the ruler OF free
people. ............. ......., r.... ID. 81.
The same acts perpetrated by His
Inebria,ed IIlghness, Ulysses the
First, are applauded by his followers
as patriotic in this afternoon of the
nineteenth century. The office-hold-
ers and those who prated about "loy-
atty" then supported King George,
just as the same class now do King
Grant.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

IF the Organization of legislative
bodies under the control of United
states bayonets is specimen of Re-
publican liberty, pray tell US what
despotism is.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

AT COLUMBUS, OHIO,
On Monday, Jan. 9th, 1877.
STATE DFNoCRATIC COMMITTEE !
- Rooms. COLUMBUS, OHIO
December IS. 1876. ,


TO he DessaocYacy of Ohio:
In view OF what is believed to be an organized
cons piracy to defeat the will of the people as
EXPRESSED at the ballot box on the 9Th OF Novem-
bor in the election Of Samuel J. Tilden, Of New
York. as President and Thomas A. Hendricks,
Of Imlizna, as Vice President. by majority OF
the electoral vote and three hundred thousand
major ty OF the popular vote, the Democracy OF
Ohio and ali others without regard to past par
ty differences, who believe that Ti!den and
Hendricks have been legally elected, are re-
que,te, To meet in mass convention at Colum-
baso,i Monday, the 9Th OF january, 1871. to take
surch action rs may be deemed necessary to
preserve the purity OF the ballot and maintain
the ishts and liberties OF the People.
1t is recommended that mass conventions be
held in the various cbunties in the state on Sat
ufday! December 35th. 1s76. for dolberation in
thenpymises. and TO select delegates to attend
the state convention on the Sth OF January.
~ order or the Democratic State Central
Co,naIit,ee.C 20 q JoHsG. TuoxrsoS. s
I51zidW lsi 8eTea Chairman.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

THE Radicals believe in the capacity
of the people for self-government.-
Yes, under the direction aud dictation
Of the bayonet. ....-.-. -atF
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

e THE people of the States of Louisi-
ana. Florida and South Carolina have
no rights which The Radical tyrants
and their corrupt miniOns regard
themselves bound to respect.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

REED-NORTON,-At Christ =. L. Church.
Cleveland. o., Tuesday, Dec. ;9th, 1876, by
Rev. Tho mas Stubbs assisted by Key. T.. w.
Cushing, MIR. Seymour 8. Reed, of Rnvenna.
o, to Miss Ann Eliza Norton, of Cleveland, o.
HERRICk-SMITH.- Maptna, on the 13th
Inst, by Horace Ladd Esq. MIR. Alfred Her.
rick, OF Troy. Geauga County. ohio. TO Miss
Cora Smith of the former place.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

MORE than fifty thousand persons
are said 10 be out of employment in
New York City. 1t is sad spectacle
TO contemplate.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21

Refoses to be Party to the Rascality,
The New York Herald publishes
the following special dated Shreve-
port, La. Dec. Is, 1876:
The folio wing letter was forwarded
to-day to j. Madison Wells. president
of the Louisiana Returning Board, by
Mr.. John j. Long, who was counted
in as representative from the parish OF
De Soto:
DE SoTo PARISH, La, Dec. II, 1876
Hon. j. Madison Wells, President
Louisiana Returning Board:
l have learned that your honorable
body has returned me as elected to the
lower House Of the Legislature from
the parish o. De Soto. Permit me to
return my thanks for the honor con-
fcrred, but at the Same time permit
me to say that am unwilling to ac.
cept the position. am a Republican
from the firm conviction that the prin-
/ ciplcs of that party are best for the
whole country.
NO INTIMIDATION IN DE SOTO.
1t is also true that l was the regular
nominee Of the party in the parish OF
DeSoto for the Legislature, and did
more than any member OF the party in
that parish to organize it and advance
| its interests but, sir, knowing as do
that was fairly defeated at the polls,
no intimidation or fraud having been
practised by the opposite party at any
precinct in the parish, so far as l have
been able to ascertain, after a thor
ough investigation, my self-respect
will not permit me to accept the posi-
tiOn.
hope you will pardon me for talk
ing q step that, at first glance, may be
thought calculated to cast some dis
credit upon the party with which I
have allied myself, but am a planter,
not politician; all my interests are
here but, sir, l cannot believe the
good of the state or of the National
Republican party can be promoted by
returning, as elected, candidate so
! clearly defeated as myself.
THETREPUBLdCANs REsPONslBLE.H
In fact, L am convinced that very
much of the disturbance that has pre-
vailed throughout the State for sever
al years past is attribute BILE to the fact
that, in many parishes, men not elect
ed by the people have bsen returned
elected, aud maintained by the power
of thsSgovernment. / must believe
that yon and your associates have been
grossly deceiyed as to the manner in
which the late canvass and election in
DeSoto was conducted, and as to the
result. Very respectfully.
,lJ1si 4.t3l 4uir JOHN j. LONG. 4
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
Selling OFF at Cost.

off,.r at ACTUAL. COST. for cash. my entire
stock ut CROCkERY, CANA GLASSwA wARE. LAMPS,
W ALI. PAPER anii BORDERS. WISDow SHA
PICTURE FRAMES. MOULDINt;s. NOTICES, GIRO
NOS and ENGRAVINGS. a.-r7lfs5 atzHs Is
Cali IN for bargains, ,,H sel
-,, 80. I,...t,-4 E.A. STi, IN. g. <
a Opp. Carr. age Repository.
Rayenna, Nov. 10, 1e76. 4ss s-4.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
The Right Kind of Talk.

The following position Of the Gin
cinnati Enqirer will meet the hearty
endorsement of every citizen in favor
of justice and fair play:
There is not an honest man in this
broad land to day who doea not know
that the people of the United States
have chosen Samuel j. Tilden to the
Presidency. States that have cast
their votes for him haye been denied
him by illegal partisan Boards organ
lied to cheat and swindle. Because
certain States of the South were once
in rebellion the leaders of the Repub-
lican party assume that they have no
rights and that indignities can be put
upon them with impunity which
would drive other States into open
revolt. Committees of Congress,
headed by Democrats, have been or
ganized and sent into the three dis
puted Southern States to ascertain
facts. They will investigate and re-
port in a week or two. If their re-
ports shall be conclusive as to the
point in issue-.f they declare that Mr..
Tilden has honestly carried either Of
the States in dispute-we are in favor
of the Inauguration of Mr.. 'Tilden at
any and all hazards. We want the eR.
idence to go to the people. After that
we want our Representatives in Con-
gress and the leaders of the party to
pledge themselves to see justice done.
The people will respond when they
know they are right. The rights of
men are as dear now as they were i'll
tho days of King John, and lrepubli-
can institutions are worth just as much
now as when our fathers battled from
Lexington to Y Yorktown + $50 Sr'iies'
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
A GENUINE LOUISIANA OUTRAGE.

A GENUINE LOUISIANA OUTRAGE. 8.
John Petty, colored, voted the DEM
ocratlc ticket, much to the Indignation
of his brethren, who. oyer sIhce he
openly strayed from the fold of Re-
pnblicanism, haye used their best en-
deavors to provoke him to a row.
Petty, however, is a prudent man. and
| kept his temper despite the tsunts,
sneers and insults of his former friends.
| until at about noon on Tuesday, while
| at work at Marey's coal yard, two
miles below Algiers, he concluded it
| was about tine 10 take some action in
the premises. III. .is-,
Ursin Lewis commenced railing at
Petty for being q Democrat, which re-
suited in an animated discussion,
whereupOn Lewis threw hatchet at
Petty, barely missing him. Petty
then drew his pistol and fired. Sim
ultaneously with his shotLewis' friends
produced their pistols, and be'0rePet-
| ty was aware of their intention, basely
| fired at him from behind, lodging a
| side of his head, and the third enter
ing under-the right jaw-bone, finding
an exit through his mouth.
| victim for dead. Petty was taken to
the Charity Hospital. and, strange to
say, his wounds are not dangerous.
After the battle Lewis was fonnd with
his left arm severely cut, which Petty
explains by saying he must have cut
himself with the hatchet, as he (Petty)
did not have knife.
And this is specimen of the out
RACES which the Radical leaders are
endeavOring to use for their partisan
purposes and upon which they are
basing all their hopes for the election
of Hayes through the action of villain
GUS Returning Boards,
HoN.FIsHEn A.BLocKso SOM the oldest
lawyer in the State, died at his resi-.
dence in New Lisbon, OH Thursday
last, in the 95th year of his age. lie
was born in Sussex county, Delaware,
September IL, 1882, moved to Ohio
and settled in New Lisbon in 1906 ;
was a member of the Legislature from
1926 to 1882, and was elected to the
state Senate in 1S47 and lS49. He cast
his first vote III 1908 and voted for
Maderson in 1903, SINCE which time
he has never failed to cast his vote for
the Democratic Presidential candidates
with the exception of voting for
aO'Conner in 1872 His funeral took
place, with Masonic honors, from his
residence, on Saturday afternoon. if
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
AueoRA, Dec. s. fS7G.

<AbihCRHt spSCs ~, Apso'
Ed. Pass Permit little space 10
say i'm reply, 10 your remarks. append
ed to my communication, that it is
conceded that there may have been
some difference in the intentions OF
Republicans and Democrats in en-
gaging in the late civil war. | pre-
suine Democrats more often repeated
that celebrated clause in Crittenden' $
resolution than Republicans did. In
deed, I do not think Republicans
cared much about it. They expected
as a matter of course, that, If the war
was successful, the rights, dignity
and equality of the several States" as
well as negro slavery, would have an
end and Democrats might as well
have expected and foreseen the same
result. The Crittenden resolution was
only spring to catch gudgeons.--
Saying nothing about the Southel n
States, what became of the s'dignitJ',
of Ohio when she tried 10 vote ON
negro suffrage, and did vote it down
by large majority and yet that was
disregarded and scorncd as have been
the votes cast in Louisiana. l suppose
the Republicans in Ohio were 'intim-
idated" and frightened from the polls,
and hence the Democratic majority
was set aside as a fraud.
Your remarks are nevertheless true,
as were mine. In the same breath
that advocates the cause of the Union,
and the dignity" of the States, was
also announced the necessity of get
ting the slavery question out of Con-
gress. l heard it always from Dem
ecrats enlisted i'm the war-never from
Republicans and Abolitionists. They
went for emancipation square from
the start, notwithstanding the Critten-
den resolution. But admitting all the
patriotic purposes claimed for the
Democrats who joined. their ancient
enemies who had held the Constitu-
tion of their country as "Covenant
with Death" and League with
He'll :" and it's flag as a ''polluted rag"
that should, in the words of the Tri-
bune'sl song, be ''torn down and
trampled under foot" permit me to
add question or two to those pro-
pounded in my former article. Were
"the rights, dignity and equality OF
the several States, after the war, s left
unimpaired"3 Ifnot, what is the dif-
ference whether the sacriljgious crime
was committed by those who deliber-.
ately intended it. or by those who all
the time weakly intended something
else? Fs-2rt b. oau 81 ga s.au
1t is time that Democrats not only
intend well, but wisely. 1t is time
they learned TO know their own flag
ta4H '1" 81 toon4a JEFFERSON
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
Bargains.

Bargains in Ladies Beaver Cloth
Sacks, to close stock.
3t @ '9s N. CONVERSE & Co.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
Wagon Making..and
Repairing.
TEsruMoNrMsE

TESTIMoNIAI4S.n s
~ X - = ssEayefna, ssirtsh-sp fs7r:
Mr. o. S. RUzZELL: bear sir:-My w .gon that
[ purchased Of You about two Years ago mus:
ack Wedge is much better than expected.
Being of medium size. thought it POO iiShtfor
my bus incss: nut ft Isl lust right. ifif light and
easy. and have often ca fricti OF. it il0 bricks
from my kiln 1t will carry eight thousand
pounds, and has never cost me ono cent for re-
pairs. Yours truly. - H. +. CAHtS.
Shaiersville March t8, 1875.
Mr.. o. s. BUZzELL. Dear sir In the fai Of
1882 purchased OF you ali-ht wagon eight
with box on. 532 pounds. Itis Il tsimhieskein,
which think is therasiest running wagon ill
use. have frequently drawn ), $50 pounds up.
upon 1t iorz the First twelve years WAS for Set
ting tire once Yours, with respect
rE51IJS t<'S-lG-f.isiIH RIDGE.
sRavenna. N sruL III S75E
Ma O. 8 BxzxELxs = ear : = y ck.sse been
using one of your one horse wagons now over
two years in our lumber yai'i of:en ioaiing 1T
" it'll one Thousand feet or green .iemlock ard
oak, and we think it the best and easiest rtins
ningwagon we ever had. 1t will carry 6.G
lbs and has never cost rs one dollar ior repairs
for that time. Yours. truly,
- e. SUTfi iEREANDf. f.S go.
also have for sale
.2~VILLAG.E.aLOTS, .
ws.iieestea on nj k,srelling ground; ;rna p t,.s
viii be sold cheap and on easy terms.
Rayenna. o.. Jan. 6.1S75 z 332s i< lFf8.
%Ats ft=ti '-iiti jazz =
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1876-12-21
COUNTY MEETING!

JOSEPH GrrzwILEs, Secretary.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1876-03-04
6a5ette
SATURDAY EVENING. MARCH a.

\ MIDNIGHT STROLL UPON THE HOUSE
Tops-A LUNATlC- DANCES UPON "A ROOF BY
MooNnanT-Everybody living in the viclu
ity Of Maio street near Sixth was reused from
sleep just after midnight Wednesday night by
the piercing shrieks of a human being. People
jumped from their beds and thrust their ~
covered heads and shivering shoulders from
chamber windows and inquired of persons run
uiog towards the Arlington House, What !:
me matter? ?" What is it?'' 1t was found
that coored lunatic named Alice Brown Was
capering 10 half nude condition upon the
roof of the Arlington House. Policeman Par
alter called to her to STOP and she lnmediate;.ly
jumped from her dizzy height to the root OF
two-story back bui!dlug adjoining, and thence
to the ground, distance OF thirty feet. With
out falling or stopping she ran out OF the yard
but was captured after long chase by the 9th
Ger and locked up 10 the station-house unt
yesterday, when the Police Justice committed
her to Jail to await examioa ion by a commits
sion of lunacy. Enquirer.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1876-03-04
Hon. George Peabody.

White Sulphur Springs, Va, Aug. 2, 1869:
DR.. j. S. Pemberton-Dear Sir: am grail
fed to inform you that the Globe Flower Cough
Syrup has been OF great benefit to me. l have
been suffering with throat and lung disease tor
some time, and used many of the most celebrated
remedies on the contine nt, and can conscientious.
ly say that none proved SO pleasant and beneh
cial in my case as your remedy. With MY good
wishes for your success,
l am yours respectfully,
GEORGE PEABODY.
Globe Flower Cough Syrup cures Gods,
Coughs, Bronchitis, Hoarseness, Asthma,
Wbooping Cough, Group, Pleurisy, Pain and
Soreness il the Breast, and will positively cure
Consumption. We shall publish IN the Gazette
Testimonials of great and good men OF the Ia,
ton, whose words cannot be doubted, in regard
to the merits OF Globe Flower Syrup. We pre-
fer to let them speak
Globe Flower Syrup for sale by
f. S. LEADBEATER s. BRO.
~ None genuine unless signed NJ bkhbLL
s. COUDEN, successors to DR.. j. s. Penbcrton.
Read the "Curious Story'-iree at the Drug
Stores. feb l4-lm
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1876-03-04
1876 GREAT 1876
PEN SSEE MA KykNf'Es:

TO TIE NUkTH. WEST i SOUTHWEST
DOUBLE TkAGk,
STEEL RAILS, SPLENDID SCENERY
MAGNIFICENT EQUlPME:T
Trains leave Was hngton, from depot .: BAL
TIMDkE y Potomac RAILROAD, cor.
ner Of Sixth and IS streets, rs follows:
For Phiadcph ia Ncw Ork nd the East, 81
.. m daily with Palace Cars aLtacnc4. LIN
tied Express Of Pullman Psrlor Cars 92.a
m. daily, except Sunday. Tor PnnHIrpHI.
and New York l.3O p m. daily, except sun
day; for Phiiadelpnls 4.55 ,. m daily, with
Parlor Cars attached.
For PItLsburg and the West, + u. m. dsIiy, w!t4
Psrlor Cars 10 Pttsburs; IA y. m. da!.y
with Palace Car TO Chicago, aaa ll.3j y. II.
daily, except Sunday.
For Usnandai qua and the North, a. H. daily.
Saturday, with Palace Car u Rochester. 70.
Elnira. H. 50 "a IN. daily, exec naay.
For the South viz Richmond, . % n. III. ana
ll.38 y. N. daily. except Sunday. Hnd VIA
Lynchburg 7 d. IN. II 80 D. m. daily, cAccp'
Sunday.
LOCAL TRAINS.
For Alexandria, =, I, S. 9. 10 and II 3. IT,, snt
1,3, 40, 5, t. I and ii 80 D. IN. On Sunday Il.
81. III and and p. III.
Trains leave Alexandria LOT Washington, D. !,
s, g. 10 and II u H., |, 3, 4, 5, = and 7 p, III
On sunday a 6 and u q. H., end pm.
Tickets ano information can be procured At
principal railroad stations and ticket ullrcs
Southeast ID. NJ. BOYD, Jr.,
GEM. Passenger Agent.
FRANK THOMSON
General Manager. jan
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1876-03-04

At Washington, passengers make else CON
nection with all the lines and from the Norm
and West; at Danvile, daily, With Sou,l
and Southwest; ut Lynch5urg, twice 4Aiy, IL
Memphis, Atlanta, Now Orleans All al,sas and
Texas, and at Gordonsville and Ch.r.ottesvI,,,
by Mail Train. with Ches. & Chic l.. e., Es.t
and West Twice daily CONNECTIONS to Rlcn
mond.
MANASSAS DIVISION.
Leave Washington daily, exccp. Su: lay :.
1855 m, Ac&anori. at S.35 4. II. arrive =,
StrasDurg 4.40 y. N. Le.ee otrasbUre A,J35
a. ~, aud get To : lexsndria III $50 T. y.
WARRENTUN BRANCH
Connection between Warrgnton anu Man
Line. with Mail Train only leaving Washing
ton 755 n. m, Alexandria G.. n. III.
PULLMAN SLEEP Els reta. through .Diti
out change 6etaoeen baltimore ami Nesp Uri,n,s
via Iynchburg, has. Trnh"s$ec a.d Alta IN
line, ie-ving Baltimore ut i 70 =. IN. y -
Slecpcrs between Baltimore aud !y.cLbuig
from Baltimore lO.l =. III.
Passenger Tails brtwccn A, Xa!Jra and
Baltimore run only by WY OF W as IN Lon, and
without change.
Through tickets to F:uriIs, nj vi lue South
and West by the u.any differ lines, u. lowest
rates. u. J. FOHEACRE ron. 3t4nagcc.
j. VI. 3RHADUS, &. I. feb l.