The New York herald., 1876-02-01

'no turks, sorvia aidec Turkey 10 subJugate tnem,
under the plea Of their being ancient renegades trait
ors 10 their country in the terrible day OF Kassoro
PRACTICAL PATRIOTS
Thus there lie no people who have better known how
TO profit by everything favorable to themselves and to
Zee from everything adverse to them They OWNED
the policy OF the Russian Empire in the East when
Peter the Great established With the same admirable
instinct with which certain birds presage and
the tempest in the mountains and the hurricane the
sea None better than serva has comprehended
the weaknesses and the strength of Turkey None has
pronted than Servia by the mild policy OF
Joseph H. OF Austria None has combated
the Sultan as this singular nation has dono
the person of It's hero George Kara, when the con.
di.on of Europe at the beginning OF the century
made victory easy. None would have made, as
Servia did OF Miosch apostle and redeemer out
of an instrument OF oppression. The history Of its
independence makes II eptome OF the heroic times
by the sublime vaor with which each one OF It's pages
gistens and study in politics by the ability and pru-
dence which mixed with heroism. Only by such
means could she her existence when in the year
1872 abandoned by Russia delivered over to Turkey she
could while dragging along and raising herself TO the
measure of fortune, combating negotiating accord
ing TO necessity penitent warlike, martyr or
courtier, possessing fabulous vaor certain occa-
sions, and on others prudence incredible than
her valor with the audacy OF the savage and the fore
sight of the sage constitute herself nation at In
dependent oTurkey and tributary it, and certain that
in time Europe would her existence and be
compice in the aspirations and aggrandzements for
which she yearnod after much humiliation and
servitude.
sERvIAS MsGovERNMESr.
In the difficult task OF governing themselves this
servian people has not shown the high capacity and
the singular sefrostrant which il did in the combas
for independence After having obtained many vic
tories over their blood stained enemies. they OBJ
tanned few victories their own passions
Oriental despotsm-whch kept at
distance by the removal of tho Turksrases itself on
the top OF that society and its conspiraces
tended in all directions. Tho Ministers conspire
against the sovereign, the sovereign against liberty
The constitution OF 1888 shows the primitive
perlence Of these peoples They close TO autoc
racy and demagogism TO arstocratc ogarchy and bar
barous Communism; 10 Asatic patriarchalism and
Western democracy Tho institutions were altered at
the will OF the Prince, and customs corrupted The
| assemblies were periodical reunions Of numerous
| deputies which lasted four Ave days They only
| knew how TO follow In blind obedience write
useless protests Tho councils OF State were
converted little by little, into permanent
eonspiracies. The councillors aspired TO an
absolute omnipotence Prince Milosch was de.
|
son, Prince Milan who, on his death bed in the hour
OF his agony did not know Of his fathers dethronement
nor of his own fortune. Prince Milan, eldest
son Of Milosch, succeeded by Prince Michael Sec
ond son. not with the title of heir but in that OF an
elected prince, who did not reign by Of his blood
but in virtue OF popular suffrage This monarch, who
contrasted with Mloseh by his genteness only found
conspiracy and mutiny among the people; sub
terranean ntrgues in the court plots presided over by
his own Minister'S, intrigues engenderod by his own
mother until the catastrophe in 1912, and his
dethronement By this hero OF Kara, the
first hero Of independence returned to the throne and
was the victim of new conspiracies and new
crmes His family held all tho eminent posts
and dishonored all the national tribunals. His foreign
policy was less mournful than his interior policy.
serf OF the Hapsbgs courter of fortune spy and tool
Of their hnatons sergeant OF their army, he
the Servian bands to fight against heroic Hungary aud
| contributed powerfully TO her defeat. He insured
| the slavery OF his people and subjected
them to the despotism of Metternich. in the
end as terrible she auocracy Of the Sultan
Tho popular assemblies held their tongues to avoid the
discussion OF many faults, and public indignation
arose until the dynasty consumed. An assembly
deposed It. and
| PRINCE MLoscH RETURNED rRIuNPHASrLY
in lSs9 weighed down by years to represent the old
Servan autocracy, after having promised 10 represent
liberty.- And his dethroped son, Michael also re-
turned, after long travel In Europe s~hfch
he sngulary polished), TO establish system
much more Parliamentary and to found comparative
liberty But this good Prince fell under the dagger OF
an assassin and was unable TO finish his work. son
of his educated In the austere college OF Paris by
eminent philosopher IN. Huet, reigns to-day in Serva
The patriots say that he negectng public interests and
taking Of only his own affairs; that he curbs the
tendencies of his country to lend decided support to
| the independence Of their brothers In Bosnia And
this unpopularty Of the Prince OF Servia contrasts
with the popularity OF the Prince Of Montenegro who
the front OF 300 900 mountaineers appears by his
resolution and his patriotism 10 be the chief OF great
army Each and all praise his sngleness or character
the OF his intellect the intensity Of his valor
the energy his convictions the purity OF his patriot
ISM the vory mixture Of eminent qualities and the
gives OF serving his heroic Tho peoples
who oppressed by Turkey hope that Montenegro
pregnabe fortress for defence, will keep back the
Turks toward the south; while Servia 10 the rorth
more populated richer, stronger could represent tho
part which the mountaneers have always represented
in the redemption and establishment OF great
nationalities
In a subsequent letter hope TO say something more
on this subject. EMILIO CASTELAR,.
DTrAFn rnAfHEnN NnrrArCrr