The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-06-04

useful Information at the Centennial Exhibition
will not fail TO VISIT that part Of the Main Build
ing 10 which the products Of Australia are TO be
seen. Australia IL shout 1000 miles from east to
west, equally so from north to south, and the
chief colonies, via: Queensland, New South
Wales, South Australia, Victoria and Tsma nia
are exhibitors. For some reason West Australia
is not represented. The expense 70 the colonies
OF makiag the display Is about $4,000, and the
value OF their products will reach t15oO,o0o
1t ia important to note that they do not ex-
pect to make anything by their outlay. They 10
not seek new markets, nor to enlarge the boun-
daries Of their commercial operations. The
fact Is. they support no British soldiers, and
they do not pay pennys tax to the British
. crown. That they thus exempt they feel Is
due to the resistance we made to England In
the Revolutionary war; thus they acknowledge
Va to be their benefactors, and they come to
unite with us in this CenteDnlal celebration full
OF sympathy and of the kindest feelings, CRATE
ful for the opportunity OF celebrating together
an Independence witch both enjoy. II seems
an oyerssht that aponz all tho Judges Of
awards none were selected from the Australians
nav here, though they say II was their fault that
they did lot press their claims; but they have
full confidence that Justice will be done them.
Queensland Il on the eastern coast, and tho
small portion Is coast land being com aratively
low and having asemi-tropicai climate, the latl-
tude VARYING from ~ to b' south. Westward
the country Rises to an elevated plateau from
1900 to 1900, aud even 1000 feet above the sea,
and thus they have great variety OF climate,
aud their productions range from thosa OF tropi-
cal to those OF temperate climates. The rainfall
Of the elevated country Is about 90 inches per
annum Of the low country. 80 Inches. In our
Atlantic States the rainfall IL about 50 inches,
IN Colorado u inches. In California IL, In Eng
The northern part Of New South Wales resem-
population Of 10000. 01 L srows wheat. sppIes,
and potatoes; In the southern part oranges are
abundant, and some Of the sorts are exceedingly
hne. In victoria they have decided winter,
being In higher latitude south VI the egua-
tor The capital Ia Melbourne. with 40
lou. Of ali the colonies. though oassns-
land exports more per capita. Tasmania.
being an island. has climate almost like that 4
population Of s0.0oC. New Zealand lies nearly 800
miles east OF Queenslsnd IL Is rich both In
mining aud astiouitursl products and there are
In the exhibition there are hundreds OF heeces
New so"tb %"e. %ash c tnat aad
the American merino, though the staple is aner.
The averaae weight Of their fleeoes Is about
washing. Such wool Is now worth In England
20 cents. The range. OF rum where sheen are
keDt, IL IL ased by the mile, aud embraces from
10 70 40 square miles, at cost OF mere
tribe au acre. In some cases the land is
owned IN fee, and II sells for fl.2s to $50 al
acre. Good farming Idnd IL held at $3.50 an
acre. No such thing u known as tho A merican
Homestead law. which exempts from execution
for debtH. Sheep are worth from 81 to % a
head, according to tho state OF tue wool they
carry. Good Ducks for breeding purposes are
worth abo1t 50 esch. and the care and treat
tnent are the same as adopted by good flock
masters In tubs country. There are few owners
who have less than 10000 sheep; some havs
Tenn n
into small aocks of about 700 escb, put 10
charge OF one man with his dogs. He gets from
hut, which makes his WAGES about SIS a month,
Agricultural laborers receive the sane. or lit-
tie more. The increase OF sheep 10 FROM ~ to
100 per cent per annum, which IL the same as q
Colorado aud New Mexico. Photographs Of
tbeso sneep show strong resemblance to ours,
especially In the wrinkles along the sides and
neck but the wool does not grow down as low
on the uose and feet.
The title interest Ia nearly as great as that OF
sheep, ana the grade Ii the pure short horn,
though bred with view OF adaptation TO the
grass and climate. IL IL worthy OF espcriai note.
ard our breeders and stock men will ne struck
with the statement that large numbers OF cattl
OF low grade have been slaughtered that they
nizht form no onatruction To preserving cure
blood. Horses have bean tmprnved bs wide y
uisco,Iraging common hacks, ana tnus the Aus.
nillans have undoubtedly tue highest grades OF
stock of any people In the world. The num1er
OF sheep In the Colony OF Queensland Is 7SC,-
tins we may cs. innate that the whole numher OF
sheep In those far on colonies IL about 500OOOOD.
ana mucn greater tnnn the number IN all tho
United States.
Cotton nDds a congenial soil and climate in
Que. nsldnd. and the Commissioner from that
country, Mr.. Angus Mscy. s.fys that he himse II
cultivated four acres which Welded a bale. or
iUO pounds to the acre. The STAPLE T. long, the
color l. good, and II comuares flyorf, " with
our best Southern cotton. But with LABOR at
go a month IL has been found im possible to
grow cotton IN competitlon with tue cheap labor
whore we stand. should the laborers Of tue
south Increase ia SKIN and inteliisence they
would demand higher wages, and cons quently
cotton would advance. During our war many
thousand acres OF cotton were grown Ia Aus
tralia, nut now It's culture las almos. entirely
ceased.
nne show Of cocoons Is presented. and silk
culture might become a great Industry II
CHEAP labor could tie had bat IL Is now oct Of
the question. On reason why all countries IN 4
have few thunder storms are favorable for sti k
| growing hvs Ia tue TACT That the eggs are not
| shattered by thunder claps. Samples uf tobtc
co are SHOWN and the plant does well but a
larger part OF that consumed h imported. Sugar
| IL becoming staple croD, the Weld being from
| one to two tons the acre. The samples enibra, e
far brown up To PLAIN white, but there Is no
grHnulated. Tney have SUGAR mills equal IN all
their appointments 10 those OF Louisiana. stu,
i'm nense quantities OF sugtrare Imported. BAR
ley does well, and the Weld Of corn u Claim ed %
| average forty bushels 10 the acre. The samples
| presented hardly indicate this rney 81 i'm
choice reties OF corn, and a sort much es-
teemed IL now largely cultivated ia the extreme
West or the interior VI the United states
| Wheat Is sowu In March and April as IA Utan,
and the quality 4 excellent. 1hey export much
/
| bic from California, so that OH the whole, they
raise their own bread.
Arrowroot Is giving the Australians a heavy
| trace, AS IL has become u side deveiupment Of
sugar manufacture, since the same drying ap-
paratus ID u-cd n 9th. ArrowroOt culture re-
sembes that of the potato; the yleid OF the raw
tuber II about equal, and It Is the starch Inch
| forms the article % commerce. Samples OF tea
are shown, bat they do not took inviting. The
coffee Is excellent, and the yield is large but one
| Is immediately Informed that the difficulty Of
washing out the grains Is so great that the cul-
| ture is not extending. There are pre,ery pine
| apples, citrons, melons, and q great variety OF
| guns which have decided conn erca value
| Hemp grows wild, Welding three ana four tons
| to tue acre, out nobody utiliz' n. Tins hsnI
would form excellent payer stock, aud there
are several other flores also valuable for this pur-
pose.
Cattle hides are largely exported, also kanga-
| roo peits, which can be bought for twanty-h We
cents each. aud they make nice russ, and
| good leather. In some parts OF the country ls q
| species Of the kangaroo that IA so much of \
nuisance that the animals are driven into yards
| IN large droves, where they are killed and after
ward buried.
Queensland alone shows 300 kinds OF native
| woods, mostly of the hard sort. some Hs inc as
tree Is Of many kinds. aud Is frequently three oi
| South Wales Is remarkably fine. Lumber from
! Tue native blacks are found 10 b. more usefu
| In numbering than In any other occupation, anC
they pave especial Skin In discovering yAluab IL
In n AaA A A. l..