The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-03-27
YIcTORIA,s NEW TITLE.
mak Muller Ovcrbauis the Ssnskrlt FOR tho
Most Expressive Term.
RON me London TINS


STRi As have mover had the advantage
Of living In India and converting in their various
dialects with tho people OF that vast country,
should not venture to cbtrude on you WIN any
remarks rs TO she most appropriate term ny
which the paramount sovereign OF Iiindnsttn
fhould be designated In the modern vernacul r.
There Ia a feeling for language which can hardly
ever be acquired from hooks, and on the ques-
tion whether Mdik, M1likdh, Sultdn, Rant, Ma
hdrdnf Pddishdh, or any other OF the numerous
ttlee suggested 10y your correspondents would
sound most dienined In the ears OF tho lltndoos,
should bow most respectfully to the opin,Qns
OF such men ~ sir u. Campben, Sit Chales ire
velyan. and others.
In the sclection OF a title, however, consider
att Jns for the ancient language and history OF
country ought not to he entirely ignored. There
IL IN historical atmosphere which surrounds all
titles. aud makes them dear even to those who
history. The TeutOnic nations have strong
feeling for king and Queen, because both arc
", II AIN right, "the father or king Of his own
kin. the head Of clan" (S1nskrlt Jdndkd); the
The Romanco nations value their own deriva-
tivcs OF tho ancient I1tin words rcr and I'm
lsrnior. They speak Of Paris, but they dlmly
think OF Rome; and even " the same dignity Is
intended 10y Emperor, KdiScr, and Car, these
three words cali forth very different recollec-
tons and aspirations In the heart OF French
man, a German, and a Russian. There II a charm
In the mere sound Of words which no logical or
legal definition will replace.
The ancient, classical, and sacred language OF
India Is Sansktit IL Is the Latin Of India nav
more, ~ the modern dialects OF India are either
| draw on II VERY largely, Whenever Ideas con-
nected with the higher spheres Of thousht have
| TO he EXPRESSED. Sanskrt II still spoken, stiil
| written, still used by the learned 10 jcurn1l
! pamphlets, and books. ana the pride which peo-
pie OF oil classes have always felt IN thelr IN
| rokindlod w India more strongly than ever. III
| tho III docs themselves were asked to mud an
appropriate title fur their sovereign, they would
! III once look, not to the Ill ilcct Of their con
qucrors, whether rcr-itr or Ar'oic. hut to heir
/ own ancient language, the Sanshrit; and any
/
| h itise would, with sliZht M diilcatiuns. imme-
| diatoiy take its recognized place In every YER
| nicuT Of the country, whether Arlan or Ora
! lidiau.
" tic uiics hitherto suggested, Mum and
! q iccn. mot ,rd paramount Smtdn a. likewise
| taken from Arabic, and means LORD. Inc SUI
| tan Ut Cousttrtinoil e calls himself Sultdn-cS
Sed'in, sultan Of Suiins. 81 hin slIih would be
| more appropriate title. bee use II means King
Of Kings. But ii IS again OF FOREIGN origin II H.
In fact, the mcoern Persian form u the title as
suued 10y Dariip, and read IN tho cnneifotm In
.cTiption.., KhAdauDI kIdmthiyfnfn.
| Pddishdh T. likewise Persian. the second rat'
OF the word being Nhiln King: the former, vari-
oGsiy cxpi lined 10y native sc 4Oldrs, Is supposed
10 mean bro ,ccior or lord.
The hight name for tho sovereign q India a.
Kirg Of ki -, Is 4 ihifti a, I. g., Suprc ne King
or Sdmrdj III wori Is used In the most an
OF tho lus-N,da, X Ia, 9, we ead " hose who
are our cnemies let them D. far N. Ni'h tn'
help Of the gods We strike them d Wn. Tie codi
have made ne oNtliet. a terrible ayenser'
In TIC A;nar,a-Nela, VI. Qs. Let Ira b'
| suurline kiug tloi tuiJ|J aLohg The king
IL the very formula used az the con ccraiiof
Of supreme krr these words occ r.; De :
supreme king l1di iJGl among kings
Tho sane tltle VS. given 20 their creates
heroes. such ~ Rama; IN even - - a, ~,
wife Of Rama, It l. said she Was anolnted viii
he husband IN the supreme sovereignty Cd
hifdjDD.
OF course Ike every title, however exalted
this, too. Of 4 hfidjd has occasionally be n os
sumed b. smaller prtentates But n sii
giander title w.s wanted, IL - at Land in Ritid
hbdh supreme King Of Kings. This, too. I
found In he u.ust ancielt literature Of India
aad fcit c-rt ~ would he understood, gpprc
clitcd, and loved 10y every trde son Of India
The feminine. -Adhiniui, does not seem &
occur, but Is be cctly correct, and this lndia
name would have the further advantage tn II
English II might very well he rendered by kin
or queen. SO that her haJesN's new title woul'
assume the SIMPLE form. queen OF Groa
Britain, Ireland hnd India
Your ouedicni servant, y. MAX MULLER.
OATDUD. March II.