davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
One Way to Carve a Turkey.


There is nothing aycung unmarried
man likes better than to go to a din
ner at the house Of a friend and be
asked to carve the turkey. lie never
carved a turkey in his life, and with
an old maid on one side of him,
watching him closely, and on the
other side a fair girl for whom he
has tenderness, he feels embarrass-
ed when he begins. First, he pushes
the knife down toward one of the
thigh joints. He can't find the joint
and he plunges the knife around in
search of it until he makes mince-
meat out of the whole quarter of the
fowl. Then he sharpens his knife
and tackles it again. AT last, while
making a terrific dig, he hits the joint
suddenly and the leg files into the
maiden lady's lap, while her dress
front is covered with a shower of
stuffing. Then he goes for the other
leg, and when the young lady tells
him he looks warm, the weather
seems to him suddenly to become
400 degrees warmer. This leg he
finally pulls loose with his fingers,
He lays it on the edge Of the plate,
and while he is hacking at the wing
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
The First Bank Robbery Ever Commit
ted by the James and Younger Boys.

Living in Kansas City, a respected
and wealthy merchant, is Greenup
Bird, an old resident of Missouri,
and one of the best men in the State.
In 1866 he was banker at Liberty,
Clay county, town not ten miles
from the home of the James broth
ers.
One day while he and his son Will
liam were alone in the bank, three
men entered and asked him to change
a $40 note. He took the bill and
stepped to side table to procure the
change, and, on returning, was met
with revolver presented to his face.
He realized that he was in the power
of men who would not hesitate mo-
ment to take his life if necessary
What followed can be told in almost
word. The robbers leaped over
the counter, and, while Mr.. Bird and
his son were guarded by one, the
others secured $1,000 from the vault,
the door of which, unfortunately,
was standing open. The banker and
his son were then hastily thrust into
the vault, and the door closed. The
robbers then fed, mounting their
horses, which were in charge of asso-
ciates in the street. They both dash
ed down, the principal street Of the
town, the people looking on i'll won
der, not knowing what had happen
ed. The younger Bird succeeded in
opening the door of the vault, and
rushing to the window he gave the
alarm in time for citizen to draw a
revolver and fire at the retreating
robbers. Unlucky shot for him; the
robber, turning IN his saddle and Ia
king deadly aim, sent ball through
the brain of the man who had miss
ed his mark. Out of the town they
went without further molestation.
But the James boys and the
Younger brothers were unknown as
dashing highwaymen in those days,
and a party Immediately started in
pursuit. They chased them to the
Missouri river, and there overlook
them. A running fight followed,
but the robbers escaped, and from
that time forward until they murder
ed the cashier of the Mortified bank,
followed their daring calling with
success. This was their first bank
robbery, and commencing right at
home, it shows that the life of no
man, friend or foe, was allowed to
thwart them in their nefarious un.
dertakings.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
A Solemn Night-Watch.

The stories of guides and trappers
of the Adirondack region have prov
ed rich mines to Mr.. Murray. One
of the most powerful of these nara
tives is that of an old trapper depict
ing his experience in protecting a
dead body from the beasts of prey
by night:
"Well, Henry, took my stand at
the foot of the bier, and kept my
death-watch rifle III hand, steady as
sentry on duty, save when stirred
the fire or lighted pine knot. For
the animals was oneasy, as they al
ways is when corpse is round, AND
l needed the pine knots more than
once, and some of the varmints got
the tech of lead and the smell of pow
der that night, l tell ye, for they was
full of their devilments, and made
me and the hound as wakcful as if
we was surrounded by inimies."
"Did you really have to kill any
thing?" l asked, speaking for the
first time IN an hour; for the old trap
per had told his story with such nat
uralness of intonation and gesture
that he had held me spell bound by
his narrative for no one could hear
him tell the strange tale he was tell
ing and not be carried along by the
movement of it-and now that he
was evidently reaching the climax, I
feared l should mss some detail OF
his experience which being omitted
would mar the narration, so, hoping
to hold his utterance to the line of
actual occurrence, l said, "Did you
have to kill anything that night?"
"Well, yis, l did," he replied. 81
bored hole through a dog-wolf over
thar on the beach, arter l had borne
his onnateral howlin' as long as
mortal could; and l dropped a cat
from that dead cedar thar arter me
an the hound had stood the stare of
her eyes ten minutes or more, and
about two o'clock in the morn
ing litter of panthers crawled
in on US ontil the bush seemed
alive with 'em, and l lifted the scalp of
the biggest of the drove, arter he
had got within forty feet of the
corpse, and paid no more attention
to brands pitched at him than if
they were TUFTS of sod; so, with a
pine knot all afire in one hand, to
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10

In 1925 was established the cele-
brated stage-coach, the Shrewsbury
Wonder, which maintained its char
acter for punctuality, safety and
speed for thirteen years. 1t was the
first that attempted to perform so
long q journey as l54 miles in one
day. The Quicksilver Mail ran from
London to Exeter, IT'S miles, in eigh-
teen hours. The Telegraph used to
leave London every morning at half
past five and reach Exeter at half
past ten the same night. In 1886
the fastest coaches, known as the
crack coaches, were running between
London and Brighton, fifty-one and
one-half miles in five and three-quar-
ter hours; Shrewsbury, l54 miles, IN
fifteen hours; Exeter, III miles, in
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10

makes It's music heard everywhere

makes It's music heard everywhere.
The busy man of the horse car
found time to miss her, the school
mates evidently missed their queen,
for when I met them they walked
quietly, talked low, and several wore
black bows upon the sleeve; while I,
although | never knew her name, or
learned a single fact about her, felt
the sweetness of her happy nature,
and have not yet forgotten my little
schoolgirl.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10

seventeen hours; Manchester, 157
miles, in sixteen hours; lIolyhead,
2G1 miles, in twenty-six hours, fifty
five minutes; London and Liverpool,
2O3 miles. in twenty hours, fifty nm
utes. On May-Day, 1880, the 1nde-
pendent Tallyho, which ran between
London and Birmingham, performed
a feat altogether unparalleled in the
annals of coaching, having travelled
the distance Of 100 miles in seven
hours and ten minutes. On May
day, 1888, the Shrewsbury Grey
hound, with no passengers except a
friend or two of the proprietor ac-
complished the distance from Lon
don at the rate of twelve miles an
hour, including stoppagcs.-Won-
treai Herald.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10

The "pianista" is new invention,
an automatic arrangement by means
of which you grind tunes out of pi-
and with q crank, all the same as the
hand-organ. The chief excellence
of this arrangement is that it does
away with the intolerable two years
chant of "one-nan, twc-wan, three
yam, four-ran, one-nan, two-wan" ETC.,
ad H6., which, in the regular course
of affairs, precedes real playing and
makes life outside of a deaf and
dumb asylum a very weary burden
- Ercb1D1e.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10

The seed of sunfowers is the most
healthy feed that can be given to
horses in Winter and Spring; half a
pint day keeps them in health and
spirited, with sleek coats, and more
animated than any other feed. It
prevents "heaves" and some other
diseases.-Maayland Farmer.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
D.D.HOLDRIDGE.
LAKE & HARMON,
BRUCKART & NEY,

A TTORNEYS AT LAW, Independence Iowa.
"A Office over Morse & Barnett's Store Con-
sultations in English and German. 10y
W. BRUCKART. J.. J. NEY.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10

A TTORNEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW.
"A Special attention given to Collections. Office
over Fisher Bros. Grocery Store. 16w3
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
". B. D0NNAN,
RAILY & JACKSON

T AW CONVEYANCING WAR CLAIM, AND
IL Land Agency Office. Office in First National
Bank building. Independence. Iowa.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
HOUSE & WILSON

physicians AND SURGEONS, Independence
i Iowa. Office in DIR. House residence, corner
Chatham and Mott SITS VIII attend to all calls in
:ity and country. Consultations in English and
German. 46-tf
J. G. HOUSE. s. G. WILSON.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
Business Cards.
Attnrneus.

BEGUN & HASNER,
A TTORNEYS AT LAW AND GENERAL COL
~ lection agents Office over Peoples Nation
al Bank, Independence, Iowa. viii practice in
the State and United States Courts.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
n ~ Hu.r.rTTE
O, H. P.ROSZELI

o. M. GILLETTE.
A TTORNEY AT LAW AND NOTARY PUBIC.
~ Ofice in Osgood's building, up stairs. next to
the river. 11-42tf
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1876-11-10
2aysifians.
Dr.. III HI HUNT,
i. MELLEN. M. d.

OFFICE and Residence corner of Court and
~ Blank Sts., north Of Catholic Church. 42-tf
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15
What Worse Crime 2

Taking all the accounts OF the outrages
in the Southern States TO be correct, what
instance of crime DO they afford more
atrocious than the tarring and feathering,
the mutation and subsequent murder OF
CHARLES q. KELSEY, by mob of respect
able, church going gentlemen aided
aud assisted by roughs, in n county next
but one to the city and county OF New
York;
Wewere glad 10 sec that almost the entire
press OF the city united, yesterday, in call
ing the attention OF the Governor of the
state to his manifest duty in the premises,
To vouchsafe clemency to the first of the
persons implicated who viii turn States
evidence.
Gov TILDES has acquired great reputa-
ton Iy the zeal with which he has followed
those who hni dcspoiled the city or the
State Of property. Let him not forget
that there are many who esteem human
life rs sacred rs property, aud as well
worth protection.
II Gov. TILDES would turn his attention
to the sui j-ct. and enter upon the work
heartily determined that the mystery. At
every cost, should bc uuruvclcd, We pre-
diet that IT would not be six months before
the murdcrers of CHARLES G.. KELSEY
would be lying, convicted, in the suffolk
county jail. The Governor needs no sug-
gestiul how 10 do this his will in the
matter is all that Is wanting.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15
4 BIG FIGHr orER rev sPOILs.
Brooklyn Politicians Quarrriling over SIS, 900
Worth III Patronage.

Mayor Schroeder yesterday persuaded
the Republican Aldermen VINO have been at
logge.heads over the choice Of an architect for
the new S2O0O0J municipal building, to be
erected In TIA rear II the Bro. Iyn Court House
to agree on some plan to break the existing
deadlock which had covered the Republicans
with suspicious Of Jpboery and was hurting
fall prospects. One faction led by John French
Of the MOODY and Sankey Committee was FIRST,
last aud I'll the time for Mr. Mumford another
who II on his good behavior with ms eve on the
Mayuralty. was for ID tmirs. few others were
for Mundcll. When mayor Sch oeder ascertuined
that the 1rst-nrmed f'ctions were willing %
join and divide the profits, lie NJ once ordered
Gull for special meeting OF the
Aldermen, without tting Tor requisition
from nve members IA usual. So anxious was
he mat the business should us rushed through
while the II spublicans were In the humor, that
he signed warrllt Tor 81 for a messenger 10
get n horse ana carr age to so after the Alder
uermen.
Ats o'clock there was a special meeting. The
Democrats-the minority-weTs angry over the
Likelihood of the defeat Of their candida e,
Crooks Alder ran Fisher offered resolution
recon mending that Mcssrs. Mumford and Dit
ma-s be CHOSEN IA the arcnif ects OF the new
building, to receive Jointly 5000 as salary. AL
dcrman Nurtha I'd that the gentleman mad op-
posed such a prDposition In the committee, and
ne WAS sutpfi-ed To mud that II mad rpened out
side. \ motion TO ballot for an architect was
lost by tie vote, and Fisncr's resolution was
carried BY - to IL. ne arrangement Is that
certain feat uros II Dtmars's plan shall be graft
ed on to Mr.. Muuflrd'- pan.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15
pierrepont-An End.

Mr.. PIERRFPONT-withw whatever prefix
and however spelled-isat present occupv-
lng large space VA the columns OF the
daily press. And what is II all abouty
Simply because ne has consulted fraudu-
lent spirit medium in tho hope that the
spirits might shed spark Of Light on lis
din dd.stant aud perhaps -uppo-ittious
ancestry; aud because he Is suspected of
having once changed part or the whole
OF his name.
III what GRACE GREENWOOD writes from
London to our esteemed contemporary,
the TimCs is true, we apprehend tnat small
thought VIII be given to any Of these mat
tciN by the auau-; Mr.. PiERREPoNT him
50 If. She says that he "has been remark
ably well rec lived bv the Court and, Of
course, by the coui-ers." And what,
under such circumstances, will so illus
trous q parsonage are Tor The criticisms
Of vulgar rcpuhhcan,f
As 10 the matter OF names. we have Il
solution of that mystery, which, we trust,
may end the Discussion, and obvldte the
necessity OF further speculation on tie
subject Our conclusion is that Mr..
PIERREPoNT, instead of placing light
estimate on his original name of MUNsoN,
valued it So highly that he laid 1t aside,
only to be used in great emergency.
The time might come when he would feel
like discarding the name OF EDWARDS,
when he would feel sick and ashamed OF
it, and DESTROYS to say II did not belong TO
him. but to another man. Then he could
resume the original. honest name of Nun
son; and that time may now be near ut
uaub
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15
DO the Republicans of Maine Endorse
MI BJatnc,s Jobhery.

Al the recon; Republican Convention Mt
Augusta, held for nominatrg n member
of Congress 10 succeed Mr.. BLAINE, Il reso-
luton was adopted presenting him us the
caudiGat for the short term and the long
term in the senate. Mr.. BLAINE was pres
ont and made a speech; and therefore he
must be regarded ms the regular Republic
can candidate for United states senator.
In three weeks from TINS time the Logisla-
ture will bp chosen which Is to decide this
question; and 10 is well that the issue on
the Scuatorship is clearly and openly made.
1t is tw,uty-onc years since the Demo-
crafts have carried Maine; and il. seems
hardly possible for them to do it in sep
TENDER. Nevertheless, We hope they viii
meet this issue squarely in regard TO
BLAINE aud see to 1t that the Republicans
are not allowed 10 dodge.
BLAINE is strong HAYES man, and
HAYES is n strong BLAINE man, and of
course the friends OF the former will make
the most strenuous efforts TO secure the
Senatorship FOR ,ir latter.
Well. the election in Maine takes place
before the middle Of september; and, look
us w 'hV thtNA hl''ii NV tNA'''i WV
tons in Ohio and Indiana, II the Republic
cans nro "ngor to embrace the occasion TO
vindicatc BLtISE's gun Jouuerv. AMI his
Fort smith Railway transactions aud liz
claim for compensation for his rulings rs
Speaker IN respect To the latter. We are
sure the Democrats can afford to have
them try il.
Bat for the sake OF the elections III Ohio
and Indiana, lct the Democrats Of Maine
compel the supporters Of HAYES to make u
straight tight on BLAINE.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15

He Thinks h. Find m iInuson picrpoui hia
Ions-il1st ~chcoimrtc.

Ione-i1St ~chooimnic.
To THE EDITOR or TIE Sun Sir. In
the We iSS forty four wears ago, youth from
Connecticut, hearing the name II Elward Mum
son Picrnont WIS student NJ the On,ila Itsti.
TUE, " hi;tsaoroueh, Oneida county. lie was
short In stature, rather full IN face, with dark
G es and hair l am glad to bear testimony 10
the fact that be was modest and dil;ent stu
dent, nd even at that clrly 90 showed unrsrll
evidence Of ora oriil abilities. but had no pre-
tensions To aristocratic blood or lineage.
II was understood that nf'cr lecvirG thct ins'l-
tuition he graduated at Yale, and perhaps the
change of namc which 1t a. alleged he there
underwent caused many OF HIS fellow students
to lose sight u him IN after life. The Hon.
Amos X. iiadlv. many ycara ago Speaker Of tho
Assembly, aud now, or lately, n distinguished
l.Wycr IN New York, a'-uded TIE school 40
Whtcshnruuch, ~ the emo iinn. IN VIII recul-
lect MIN mi II tina, Young gentleman u not oar
present distinguisnci > mister III the Court of
st. James, would Ike wen to know where he
since the discovcty ~ the leticr aadrc sscd 10y
our Minister 10 dear I1dy Mary. | am quite in
clued to believe That our eminent Amcric IN
Minister ana the mo1ct youth Of forty-iour
years 20 arc ne and the same person.
About the time Judge Pierrepunt donated
S2JOW to tn" cleo ion Of II. Grant | made
some iLqIiries in Ncw York. with the view Of
lrOvtng his ideniitv with IN. early schO1lm4tC,
tristO CRIT ic family of that name IN BROOKLYN.
Tho great chang, 10 his pcrsOndl appearance,
having but few If ny races Of the boy Of six
teen. ana he information rncs iVcd. led me to
think they were not the sumo per-ou. Can THE
SCS throw ans li-ut On ME, to M, IN cTcstihg
81 jtcty III. ducal blood, II he ha. any. care
not not, a lg about but do wish to ma ny Ing
ROCHESTER,, Aug H. 1915
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15


To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str: The
trouble expended over the Pierrepont question,
with view Of grating sprout II the American
family 10 the genuine oil trunk CT some obso-
lete English peer, has displeased me much
that have been induced 70 overhaul the rec.
ords OF our enrly settlers, hoping to find some
clue 70 the origin OF the word Pierrepont. I
could find no hing In the wy Of print or manu-
script to help me out Of the dilemma. except an
old story heard down East.
Many years ago, when pirates sailed on the
high seas, sea captain. pur based considerable
corded his name in the village III az Capt. Du-
pont. He was looked upon with suspicion by
many Of MA neighbots, and was commonly
known among them az "Old Pirate Dupont.
Inc suspicious of the people had been based
principally upon the report tn u he had lots OF
gold and silver slowed away in his house. Tho
family consisted of Capt. Dupont and his wife.
wi h no child.
boating. One day Capt. Dupont s'rcled down
to his boat dock. He discovered there little
BABY wrapped up la rags. Inc rough old sailor,
not being IN sympathy with III IA OBJECTS, tui n
ed his back TO II. walked home. and told his
wife Of the circumstance. Mrs Dupont. being
more CHART bly, inclined tn her husband,
fastened % the wharf, picked up the poor little
thing and rrieu II to her house. Att"r much
opposition on the part OF her husband. she sue
cseded gaining his consent 10 adopt the
child nd chris en- Il PicrpOnt." This was the
suppose circumstance that first gave birth To
theEnglish word " PtcrpDut" IN thi. country. The
foIndiing grew w 10 IN iuhood, and came into
possession OF all the money ana propert OF
Caut Dupont.
After the young man had pl1ced Capt Dupont
and his wife In the Village cemetery. he TO ok %
himself helpmeet, and raised a large crop OF
Young Perponts, furnishing every State In the
Union with sprout OF tho family. LOT.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15
cro,ou wn,cr-wha, the VI horoscope Roveal.



Mr. John Michels, the microscopic, took
a eius. OF water + ON an ordinary tap and suo-
mi ted 1t To micro,co3ical inalysis.
what wts the result Of your eximin alton
MIR Michelsi inluir d tue re.ortcr
Mr. Shchc.--l lai mat the water i az pr. sent
highly cGaged with the '-cayei deoris q
aquatic plants generally isin,Jgr ted Into such
Inc PARTICLES int they nolt aud Remain sus-
pended m the wster. on the ! reer pieces the
variety OF iufusorial life was present. l also
found In consderAolc nlmners the remsins Of
a ptrticularly offensive form Of animal life, the
presence OF which, under such circumstances.
was to me novel and incpmpre hensihle. The
veg. taoi" matter present was so far dec yed -
t. ne oi bti@ht golden color. aud has undoubt-
! eddy rendered the water temporarily puiresceut
AMI una, for drinking PURPOSES.
p" What remedy would you suggest to render
! II whole-Omef'
?. NicAes-Untll the Croton water improves
| In quality II should Tor drinking purpn-es be
! boiled and filtered, or both. when convent INT.
bat where neither II these remedies can Ue EN-
ploNea quantity oi vegetable charcoal IN its
] nafDral condition, not powdered, should I've
/ thrown into tine cl-tcrn. rms viii To certain
| extent mitigate the evil by absorbing much u
/ tne noXioDs Eases. ana his simple precautionary
/ measure snodIi not Toe negi'civd IA large estab-
/ lien ueui- ANA hY families visiting the country
! and leaving their houses uuoccupicd. In addi-
| ton, in such case, would oe wise II on tneir
! return tnsy emiticd tnetr cistcrns and obtained
! frc-h 81 ply For cuildren aud even adult, a
] very agree tul" method OF preparing the water
| f,r uriukit- purposes l. the old plan Of Il -
! iliu2 II ad then pouring II NJ on some highly
toasted tread. lns wuen rendered cold forms
v.ry refreshing, wholesome aud pAlatable
| drink.
us this vegetable infusion Of poisonous
| character Z"
Mr. Aicheis--I notice that the growing aquatic
| plants are unusually ioaIcd with animal life.
| much II Wutcn undoubtedly p .ss's TO the Cro-
| tln water. Whtch, III tie .bsehce OF any general
] III Il Of filtration, IS little better than pond
! water. In regard To the living animal uTg lnisn-
/ founi IN " e.. believe tne majority are per
I fecty innocuous when alive. some species ,,re.
| ON the uthcr n,nd, ni.uly dangerous. the evils
arising from whicn. however. tend to future
! complications rather than to present inconVeni-
/ eIcr. A. no mi CATION ~ the condition of tuo
] Crntou water can zoe Licigatt Tor some ttul D.,
ana a. tle weeds rot IL may PROBABLY he even
worse. pr'cHuupnarv measures rnOaid uc
I aiup Ell. The principles and methods OF con
! struc iug ultcr, are well knuNu, ana II res
qures tat little ingenuity To make them on q
] | a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-08-15

Gov. Fentou n0t Candidate for the Nominn-
ton at ~nrut0gu,


To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir. /
notice in your paper of yesterday communcn-
tion from Buffalo, respecting the moyem nts Of
Gov. Fenton IN regard TO the coming state Con
vcntion; that he is doing all he can against Mr.
Cornell, Ne.
Now, | happen to know that the statements in
that article are wholly without foundation. Gov,
Fenton ia not nor has been attempting to in
nuence or determine the action Of the touYcn
unn in any way except - discourage friends
from any effort or tllk I'm his own teh II. HIS
name has frequently boon mentioned ia con-
nection with the nDniu ton for Governor IN
mi, y TT Of tho St!tr. ana particularly IN this
county. luie .d, it H. the general sentiment here
that H. WON'T DO wise NJ judici,u- to nomina p
MN, hut hc his uniformly declined, and asked
tnut ms name ni-Lt not bo mentioned for that
OF nHy other Nl'c,
Beng % nci'nnor OF Mr. Fcnton. "a well as a
friend and supporter Of Ae-srs. Conkling ana
cornell, Q. i@ l'.-urH 10 me- bud just u the
Governor 90 lNak' tins a. tement.
Narv le-prcI lily, o. Il. JONES.
JAaEsrOwN, Au4 IL,