The New York herald., 1876-02-27
HERALD 1g76QUADRUPLE sHEET
AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY.
CHIEF JUSTICE DAIr's ANNUAL HEv1nw OF TX

and Geographical WORK OF the World in 1872 Unfor-
tunately the speaker was SC hmteo IN time that he
unable all he had prepared upon this inter
esting subject; nevertheless, he did nearly every
branch OF his discourse quite much jus
tice as could have been expected under the
I circumstance He was listened 70 with the
utmost attention by the entire audience, which, in
point intelligence culture and social position, has
seldom been surpassed IN this city. Colonel Y. A.
Conklin presided.
Among the more prominent personages present we're
noticed the Rev. Dr. william ADAMS, Theodore N.
Dwight LII d Alexander Mel. Agnew Professor r.
ID. Hitchcock General J. G. Wilson, Professor Parker
and others Thirty-hvo gentlemen elected mem
bers of the society just before the President began his
address
When Judge DAILY had concluded his remarks series
! OF stereopticon views were shown all Of which were
highly interesting disclosing the most prominent
features OF that peculiar country In Colorado
once occupied by the Puebas Among the first
Of these views showing canon the
Colorado River, where the crystal waters Of that his
flow pacidly between solid walls OF perpen-
diculnr 600 feet high Portraits OF great
Der OF natives the country exhibited and is safe
tO say that Of them very well calculated 10
inspire the behodcr with very great respec. for their
Lovely valleys enclosed by great walls OF rock
the shelving lodges and peaks OF which the Pueblas
! were wont 70 build their houses and vii
lagos the ruins OF which are still extant,
were shown to the number OF a dozen more. The
peculiar style Of architecture employed by that peculiar
people was well illustrated and explained by Professor
Gardner who, " will be remembered, headed
pedition through that country last summer.
JUDGE CHARLES r. DALYs ADDRESS.
Judge Charles p. DAILY at the opening OF address,
that the year 1875 completed the first quarter OF
the latter half Of the ninet66nth century period dis
nguished by the activity which has prevailed every
branch OF inquiry but particularly in geographical ex-
nn atinn anAd nnuu flnv
previous efforts in this direction he called attention
the evidence OF a newly awakened interest in geo
with the founding OF the geographical societies in
Paris in 1872 Berlin 1928, and the establishment
Of the Royal Geographical Society Of London in $780,
Then illustrating the growth of the spirit OF enter
prise in tins direction, Judge Daily said-
When 1t commenced the map OF Africa was, with the
exception OF the northwestern projection above the
Gulf of Guinea and the Nile region, almost a blank
from the Mediterranean TO the country in the vicinity
the Cape OF Good Hope orthe IL 600 900 OF square
miles In Asia about u 600 900 either entirely
known or wholly cut OF from all intercourse with
mankind The condition OF Australia, with area OF
sooo,ooo square miles, IS best expressed by quoting
the language Of geographer OF that day. "a corner
known" Twenty-Five years ago the European popula-
tion OF Australia estimated at about 90 900; tt is
over /, 500, 600, or thirty times as great
The second island in point of size and OF the
most fruitful III the world, Papau, or New Guinea, is
referred to by the same geographer Murray as almost
. terra sRcoenttd, having generally, he then said,
''been viewed only by navigators from distance;"
and in respect to the next great island Borneo, he
Dutch at about 5000 In 1870 the population OF the
Dutch colonies IN Borneo was so25a. The settled
portion OF the United States then embraced SOC, 900
square miles, beyond which was area Of 2,500, 900
square miles Inhabited by savagcs, and almost un-.
known: for wo knew little OF il then beyond what
known in the time OF Jefferson, with the exception OF
Major Longs Journey and Professor Nlcollet's
This the state OF things at the beginning of the
period referred to. viii now enumerate what has
been done SINCE and especially within the last twenty
In ASIA the opening OF the whole OF China and Japan
within the past twenty years the acquisition by the
Russians Of nearly the whole OF Tukestan and the
auguration OF policy their part which either by
treaty military conquest will throw open the whole
Of Northern Asia 70 the free intercourse OF the world
the extensive explorations by them in Northern Sibe
ria and of the that now into the Arctic the
many journeys, explorations, geographical and archeo
logical made through Southern Arabia Persia Afghan
san Belooohstan and the northern regions of India
and explorations of the like character IN Burmah siam
and Camboda; the settlement Of the French in Cochin.
China and journeys 20 partial extent in Corea and
greater extent in Manchura; the Euphrates expedi-
hon the continuation OF the great survey OF India
survey Of Palestine and the cutting Of the Suez Canal
In Africa the discovery OF the great lakes, we'll
those which the reservoirs Of the Nile those
lying south OF the Equator; the exploration OF the
country south of Abyssinia between these lakes and
the eastern coast and the discovery Of the great
OF mountains in that region with their snow capped
peaks the highest elevated land Africa; the mill
tary occupation OF Abyssinia and OF Ashantee by tho
English; tho extensive journeys and researches in
Northern and Northeastern Africa by Barth, Overweg
Richardson, Rhofs Schweinfurth, Man, Nachtigai
and others; the various expeditions and individual
journeys along the western coast and The explorations
OF its immediate interior by Du Chaiu, Bur-
ton, Baines, Blyden Candy, Gussiedt, &C /;
the two journeys Central AfrIca from
east west and to by Dr. Living
stone his journey from the Cape upwaro his explor-
alton OF the Zambes and OF the countries by which IL
waered bis discovery OF the great network OF rivers
and lakes in Central Africa below the Equator which
he pursuing the time OF his death and the fol-
lowing up Of that exploration by Lieutenant Cameron
west; the numerous explorations In South and
Southeastern Africa from the Orange River the
Limpopo, and from that point along the eastern
and mt far fha al ~ U.R
which, with the exploration OF the imperlecty known
parts OF the Island Of Madagascar by Granddier and
been done in Africa
may next refer 10 the numerous explorations
around and the great continent Of Australia
from sturs early journey the last ones OF warbur.
ton and Forser the surveys Of large portions the
Coast OF Papna or New Guinea and explorations in the
berg and MacLeay; the explorations in Formosa by
steere, DeGeBdre and others and the settlement OF
colonies and the establishment OF governments tie
English in New Zealand and the FIJI Islands; the ex-
porarons OF the Arctic TO within sight OF the eighty
third degree parallel Of north latitude including the
discovery OF the long sought passage and
Of ts nutilIty the exploration Of the Antarctic circle
far the seventy third degree OF south latitude and
the remarkable discovery that the ce-bound regions
both ofthe Arctic and Antarctic were, former period
Of the worlds history, covered with luxurant vege-
IN great abundance which are found now only in the
tropics or the more southern part OF the temperate
zone. And finally, 70 our explorations OF the great
Western region between the Mississippi and the Pacific
by Fremont, Emory, Simpson, Marcy, stansbury Sit
! Parke, Warren, Ives Reynolds Eacomb, Mullen
Wheeler and other gallant enicent and distinguished
military officers conducting or expe-
ditions its plains, deserts and mountains ac
companIed in these expeditions by scientific civilians
10 whose labors Indebted for our knowledge Of
It's geology agricultural natural history
Among strictly scientific works by civilians should
also enumerste whItney's survey OF California, FOL.
lowed by King and Gardners belt OF geological and
Typographical survey across the North American
I Corderas; Hayden and Ga dener's survey
in Ihe Rocky Mountains and Powell and
Thcmpson's Of the great canyons OF the Colorado
through whose united labors much OF the geography
OF this region has become known-its great moun a.
tain ranges, extraordinary canyons wonderful geysers
deeply interesting ruins OF a prehistoric and semi.
civilized people OF whom know but little It's lakes
rivers, majestic cftaTactA broad areas Of cultvabIe
land already largely and 70 be stil more extensively
settled and, nnaly, the millions has YIELDED In gold
and sllvera region beyond the one hundredsh