davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
AGED. INCLUSIVE.
YEAR To AGED, INCLUSIVE.
For the VERMONT FARMER,
Changing Seed.

have always advocated that change Of
seed from one location to another, and per-
haps a change of soil where the seed was
raised, was beneficial TO farmers in securing
good crops, or in other words, the seed was
not SO likely to run out or deteriorate. But
moving on to farm that my father has
lived on this last forty years and over, find
my former convictions at variance with prac.
tice, as he has sowcd the same oats and
planted the same corn since his occupancy
of the farm, and moreover the potato which
we are all SO ready to condemn as running
out so readily, and becoming worthless. He
has planted sort Of early potatos for over
forty years. And this is all on the same
farm, with very much the same quality Of
soil. lie generally raises ten or fifteen acres
of corn yearly, likewise about the same guam
tity of oats, and instead Of their runping out
they are sought after, especially for seed as
being equal or better in quality than the
average grain farmers raise. ..
WILbrAM S. TnoRp.
fy,s.rlftt "
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

labor thrown away but this extra labor is
Just what often determines the difference be-
tween success aud failure in farming.
Thorough culture of growing crops is the
sine qua non Of their profitable development
The necessity Of cultivatng corn, potatoes
aud similar crops in order to procure profit
able returns is conceded by ALL but this ne.
cessity is understood by many to 90 no fur.
ther than the subduing of weeds that would,
by their presence, damage the growing crop.
But this necessity would exist if no weeds
we're present. Nor is this benefit confined
to what are generally called hocd crops
Our winter grains would be very largely
benefited by this process. Ii some man
would invent some means by which we might
readily and successfully cultivate our winter
wheat, rye, etc., he would open up the way
for larger increase of our crops than was
,lone by the invention of the drill.-L. j.
Templin iR Ohio Farmer.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
For the vERMoNT FARMER.
Farm Chats.


Potato bugs are here and hand picking is
now in order. A neighbor said he picked
two quarts yesterday. Less acreageis plant
ed with potatoes than for the past few years.
Low prices and the beetle have caused many
Of our farmers to turn their attention to corn
this season. Good change to make too. Less
potato and more corn will GIL the pocket
better. Too much potato has run the land
hard in this section.
In corn cultivation poor seed caused one
and two replantings, consequently corn stands
very uneven. Cutworms are doing more
than their usual amount of damage | hear
Of some pieces that will be replauted to fod-
der corn, or sown to buckwheat. Corn that
came up from FIRST planting is large, stOcky
and growing finely. OF the seventeen acres
put in with a Billings planter, but very
little failed to come. dared not risk seed
of my last years crop, but sent to New
Hampshire aud Canada for my seed corn.
In that made hit in the right place.
Buckwheat is quite largely grown here
and it is crop that | am pleased with ;
sown at any time between this and July 4th,
it proves paying crop with me. The prac-
tice here is to save the poorest land for this
crop. l find it better to put it on good land
and to manure for the crop. A fair dressing
of yard manure, or liberal quantity Of
good fertilizer will improve the crop. To-
day have had calls from three farmers in-
quiring, "What kind of fertilizer is best for
buckwheatf" Best ground bone, sown at the
rate of 300 pounds per acre gives me good
returns, aud in trials side by side proved
best Of any kind tried.
Haying is near. Undoubtedly the best
time to cut clover and grass for hay making
is when it is irst blossomed. 1t then con
tains the most nutritious matter. BY neglect
ing to cut grass when in full bloom, the
growth of aftermath is greatly diminished
aud all practical farmers are aware that a
heavy "fog" or aftermath, is of great valu'
to the future crops of grass. Too late cut
ting is injurious to the quality of the hay
also the weight, and if late cutting is followed
the quantity will decrease. June grass will
make the most and best milk, butter an'
beef Will not june hay Tor hay made frOu
grass in blossom) make the best feed in win
ter? With such hay and liberal quantit.
of roots daily, nearly as much milk, butte
and beef or growth can be made as in Jun
feed. Why Nor.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
ManureS.
Uaderhh, ",

Mr. II. Z. Root says in the American
Rural that the idea prevails with farmers
that lands can be wholly restored TO their
original fertility by the plowing in Of clover
or other green crops, but it is an error in
theory and also in practice That lands can
be greatly benefited by this operation there
is no doubt; but the benefit is more in
the mechanical condition than in quality
Of the soil. There are lands in some
localities that are SO strong in the mineral
element that to supply the organic to keep
it loose and mellow will produce good crops
for many years with no other manures
But they will ultimately fail to produce good
grain. The grain grown on soils deficient
in mineral matter will be of poor quality
and will make poor quality OF -four. The
wheat now grown in western New York, viii
make no such quality Of -four as that grown
thirty or forty years ago, nor will it MAKE
any such quantity per bushe. Then, bar
rel OF extra flour was male from four and I
quarter bushels Of wheat. Now, it take
nearly FIVE bushels to make barrel o
poorer quality. Our wheat is deficient il
the phosphates, because those elements ar
deficient in soil on which il is grown. GraiI
Of all kinds when grown on soils rich in th
mineral elements, is much more valuAbl
than that on lands deficient, for the reaso
that the soil cannot produce that which
does not contain. 1t is not in this seCtiOl
Of the country alone that the quality o
grain is decining, but wherever lands hav
grown grain, exclusively for term Of year
the same results are seen.
The grain lands of the West are becom
ing exhausted Of the mineral matter, SO tina
their grain is Of poorer quality than fol
merly, 1t is believed by intelligent farmer
Of the West that the hog cholera, so preva
lent and fatal, is caused by the want Of thi
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
For tho VERMONT FARMER
Bone SPAWN Again.

Some time since | noticed two articles in
the FARMER, copied from the Massachusetts,
Ploughman, iu relation to "bone spawn"
which strongly denounced as a humbug all
remedies brought forward as cure for this
disease, considering it when once fairly
seated, as incurable. In this opinion, if |
remember rightly, you coucurred at the
same time expressing willingness on your
part to be convinced to the contrary upon
sufficient testimony. Now these articles had
been investigated in effect by what | had
previously written upon the subject, and as
you have left the door open in such a man
ner, cannot fairly do otherwise than to
walk in and make the best of an obstinate
subject, although l very much dislike to do
so, as it may appear too much in the nature
Of an advertisement, but | shall only en-
doavor to explain and confirm what has been
otherwise advertised in its proper place in
the FARMER,
1t is getting to be pretty generally known
in this part Of the state, as well as else
where, that DR.. b. j. Kendall Of Enos-
burgh Falls has compounded remedy under
the name of "Spavin Cure" and that it is
really useful for the treatment Of a disease
hitherto considered obstinate and uuyield-
ing in its character, to any of the means u.s.
ually employed. That it has cured many
cases of spawn, removing the lameness and
enlargement upon the leg there appears to
be good evidence. have examined one
horse that had been treated for spavins
and could not tell upon which leg tho diff.
Guilty had been located, The cure was COM
plete, no soreness or blistering produced and
no scar left. have seen the owners oI
horses which have been treated 10 like man.
ner, some Of them which were bad, and
they considered them cured, and have seer
letters from others to the same effect.
have no reason at all for dsputing this cvi
dence, nor object in placing il in an undu,
light. l should much rather you could SCI
at least some of these parties themselves
and perhaps at some future time you may
Meantime | would refer you to +. b. Fay
secretary, or Charles A. Currier, specia
agent of the Massachusetts society for th'
prevention Of cruelty to animals, at lS
a Washington st.. Boston, who have ordere
!. several times quite largely of the spavi
!. cure, for the purpose Of testing it CAREFUL
!. and thoroughly, and thus far with good re
suits; also to COL Jacob ReddingtOn, New
a port, NJ H., who has cured horse Of ring
= bone, and thus, as he expressed it, adde
n fifty dollars to the value Of the ANNA
This remedy has also been successfully use
in the treatment Of splints The prOprietC
informs me that he has not as yet heard of
case Of failure, which is certainly oncoural
or ing, and see no reason why it should NJ
70 continue in the future to produce as goC
IS, results as in the past and prove of grol
il. value to the owners Of horses 10 this Oountr
70 here wish to be understood that l am
s. no respect connected with the manuiactu
or sale of the "spavin cure"
he Il. II, TOwLE.
Ia Jgssf f,srk,hirs
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
Utilizing Bones.

a subscriber has a compost heap of old
bones, the carcasses of sheep and cattle that
have died Of disease, ashes, muck, etc., and
wants to know how to pulverize it so as
to prepare the whole for the soil.
The question with our correspondent
would appear to be whether to try to dis
solve the bones with ashes or to buy sulphu-
ric acid and make superphosphate Of them.
We have seen statement purporting To
come from chemist, that the phospboric
acid in bones dissolved in ashes is mainly
iusoluble, and so Of no value as plant food
The results attained by those who have used
this process would seem to indicate that the
chemist is at least not wholly correct.
If the bones be broken as ine as may be
with an axe and then packed in barrels OIL
hogsheads with alternate layers Of hard
wood ashes, say one part Of bones to three
of ashes, being wet down with hot water
and allowed to stand out doors where thu
falling rains will keep the whole mass in I
state of moisture, or if it is kept wet will
slops from the house, in a year the bone
will be dissolved and ready for use. Th
whole may then be composted with muck
using three or four parts of muck to one o
the mixture, and being shoveled over severa
times it is ready for application to the soil
Farmers who have treated bones by this pre-
cess speak in the highest terms of the gOo'
results.
The making Of superphosphate, on tn
other hand, is said to require the bones +
be reduced finer than in the other process
otherwise the action of the acid hardens th
surface of small pieces of bone so as to pr
vent its own action to dissolve them. Pral
tical skill is believed to be necessary to maj
ufacture superphosphates.
Will readers who have manufactured Il
/ refuse bones Of the farm into a fertilizer 4
crops favor the readers Of the FARMER wi
an account Of their experience.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30


We have had the pleasure of testing in
the field the "IIaymaker" mower, made by
Messrs. Otis Brothers X Co., New York
This mower was formerly called the New
Clipper. The device for communicating
motion to the knives is entirely novel. Its
operation is extremely good, draft very
light, and is almost noiseless. 1t is handled
very easily, is comfortable to ride upon and
appears to be very thoroughly aud strongly
built. Either end or the whole length Of
the bar can be raised to clear obstructions
and it can be brought to a perpendicular
position and fixed there while the driver
retains his seat. No fault could be found
with it in any respect. We predict for thC
IIaymaker career of success.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30


Professor Goessman of the Massachusetts,
agricultural college is making some very in-
tercstiDg experiments in feeding to growing
fruits fertilizers for producing specific re-
suits. And Prof Stookbridge is making
experiments to ascertain the best and most
profitable proportion of nitrogen to feed to
growing crops. Prof. Crsssy is making a
careful survey of the region about Conway,
Mass, to ascertain the cause of the "cripple
ALL" from which several hundred cattle
sometimes die in year there, and which the
superstitious ascribe to curse pronounced
upon the cattle by Indian Chief Choeorua
the last Of his race, before he leaped over
the precipice near Conway.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
For the VERMONT FARMER.
Barns.

1t is becoming more and more common for
farmers, who are able, to build one large
barn in place Of the three or four small ones,
which with their lean.tos and little addi-
tons have been built as the increasing size
and fertility Of the farm made them neces.
sary.
OF course the aim Of all in making the
change from small barns to one large one il
the same, namely economy, convenience
comfort and appearance. Unless these point
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

1t is apprebended that the late recent law
of Massachusetts,, imposing fue Of from $50
to 500 for every Texas animal brought into
the state from June to Nov. l, unless it is
proved that the cattle were wintered north
Of the Ohio or Missouri rivers, will be SUBJ
stantially imperative, there are so many ways
to eYade it
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

1t is said that birds are skinned while still
living and in full possession of the sense of
feeling-because the plumage sticks better
to secure pretty ornaments for ladies bon
nets; and that every pretty bird we sec
poised on the jauuty head-gear of lady fair,
has submitted to this cruel torture.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

Charles OCOnner gives the opinion,
in which it is said other eminent law
yers concur, that the centennial commits
sioners are only honorary, and that neither
they nor their officers judge etc. are entitled
to compensation,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

The Vermont Farm Machine Company
have still farther improved their Cleaner
Rake which we did not hesitate last season
to pronounce the best, They are selling
lots of them.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

Competitive field trials of agricultural
machines at the centennial have been, for
some reason, abandoned by the commission,
and parties who had made all preparations
are wroth.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
Fine Samples of Merino Wool.

Mr.. John S. Goc, Brownsville, Fayette
Co., Pa, sends us samples of wool, from his
flock of pure bred American Merinos, which
are very choice. Also the following record
Of the weights of Aeeces
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

In the hurry Of haying farmers should
not forget that the cultivator should be kept
going as often as once n week, aud as long
as possible. 1t will add many bushels to
the crop.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

FARM GARDENs.-A correspondent of the
Scientific Farmer says, "Whether or no the
garden gives us pleasure, depends upon the
place it occupies in the farm economy, as
likewise whether or no it gives profit. So
long as held the garden at arms length,
as something apart from the farm, and the
manure and labor put into it as so much
stolen from the farm itself aud to be almost
apologized for, the garden and l were not
friends and found friendliness with our
labor here, as elsewhere is essential to the
highest success But when come round to
the household point of view, and took coun.
sci of the family, and adopted the garden
Into my care as something worthy Of it, the
kitchen farm and the big farm go on well
together. Charity, they say, should begin at
home Methinks our farming should begin
in the garden, and get out of it only when
the household has ample provision made for
its own table. The garden, too is the best
of schools, and l 6nd it rare that the farmer
steps from the good garden to the poor farm
II cannot get out of the garden, had bet.
ter not try the farm; but in practice one
should not bar the other, but assist. The
order should be, not from the farm to the
garden, but rather from the garden to The
| farm"
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
Smut in Wheat.

CIV. Riley writes to the New York Trib-
une that great deal of nonsense is written
in reference to the cause of smut in wheat
and it is well to bear in mind that there is
in reality no question at all about it. The
fact that it is parasitic fungus (Ustilago
SegetuRa) is as well established in botany as
that mistletoe is parasite on apple, oak
etc., and not an outgrowth of the trees.
That it propagates by dust-like spores,
when the conditions are favorable, Is also
well established. Every particle of the
brown.black dust is spore or germ, each SO
minute that 100000 could be placed side
by side on a square inch of surface. These
float through the air, attach themselves to
the ripening grain, aud are sown with the
seed, when they germinate and after going
through the various stages of development
in the tissue of the growing plant-imbuing
them with its poisonous qualities-repro
duce fungus like the parent, i. e., cause the
ear to "smut" Hence the philosophy oi
the various washes with which the seed is
treated to prevent smut, the object being to
destroy the vitality Of the spores. The fact
of finding insects in such smut is no more
evidence of its being caused by them than
the finding of them in black knot is; or, to
put it more strongly, than the finding Of
mistletOe on tree is proof that the tree was
produced from mistetoe. A little light.
brown beetle, not quite one-tenth of an inch
long, with four quadrangularly arranged
blaCkish spots on the back (BrachytarSu,
oariegatus, Say), is fond of breeding in diff
erent smuts, aud can almost always be found
in them, either in the larva or beetle state
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

DIR. Edmunds, state fish commissioner, is
still going about the state seeking where he
may plant fish. At last accounts he was
stocking Memphremagog with black bass.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

The dairymen Of California have organized
a state dairymen's association. Prof Il. j.
Wichson, well.known TO the dairYmen Of
Vermont, is its secretary.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

TnE USE OF MAcmNERY.-The use of
machinery upon the farm is dOubly benef-
cial 1t not only reduces the labor,
lessons tho cost of products, saves time, and
enables a larger surface to be cultivated,
but it actually necessitatos better and more
careful work To plant corn with a drill
successfully, 1t is necessary that the sod be
we'll turned over and covered, and no trash
left upon the surface to interfere with the
regular dropping of the seed 1; nor must loose
stones be left in the way. 1t is the same
with all other machinery, and this indirect
benefit is not the least by any means of those
that we gain by the use of farm machines.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

The break of day was organized aud regu-
lated long before the fowls of the earth were
created, and it is nothing for a rooster to
crow over.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
Choice Flowor & Garden Seeds,
STRAWBERRIES AND PEACHES,
NeuU Sorts Dy Mail.

Plants Of the newest and finest improved Sorts care
fully packed and prepaid by mail. My collection Of
Strawberries took tho first premium for the best eollee
tion at tho great show Of the Mass. horticultural
Society In Boston, last season. grow noarly 100 va
retIes the most complete collection In tho Country
including all tho now, large American and imported
kinds. Priced descriptive Catalogue, gratis by mail
Also, Bulbs, Fruit Trees Rosos Eyergreens p pack
et Flower or Garden sOeds, 81 90 by mall.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

DOSE FOR MELON BUGs-ThO N. Y.
Times gives the following; Take few
Jumps Of fresh burned lime and break them
up into small pieces. Then dissolve one
ounce of carbolic acid in one pint of water
and sprinkle this upon the lime, Stacking it
into a fine dry powder. This is carboate Of
lime, which, If sprinkled around the stems Of
melons and cucumbers or upon the leaves or
blossoms, will drive off both the squash
beetle, which eats the stalk, and the striped
bug, which destroys the blossoms. 1t will
also save the cabbage from the flea which
eats the young plants, and from the cater
pillar. 1t should be kept in dry place,
closely corked in wide-mouthed bottles, until
wanted for use. The water must be used
cautiously lest the lime be made too wet
and pasty
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

All philosophy lies in two words, "sus-
tain" and "abstain. "-Epictetas.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30
,MAABUnDINGS MOVED,
Haymakers, Attention

SANDERS' IMPROVED HORSE RAKE,
the Best and Cheapest shall furnish the above we'll
known Rake To any responsible party with wheels and
all complete for S22, or without wheels for. $40,
delivered the desired at Windsor Ludlow
VT, free of charge. For further Information, address
NJ A. DAVIS, South Reading, Vt.
Successor to Wetherbeo & Davis
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

- - Tho true Cape Cod Cranberry. best
Ns Ns sort for Upland, LoWland Garden
- by mail, post paid. 400 per 100
NH $500 per 1000. Wholesale Catalogue
10 tho trade Agents Wanted.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1876-06-30

~. Va. WATSON, Old Colony Nurseries and Seed
Warehouse, Plymouth, Mass.
ESTABLISHED 1912.
, 1876-07-21


SCHOONER SUPERIOR. 1t will be re-
membered that several weeks since We
noticed the fact Of the schooner Superior
slipping the sheriff at San Francisco,
while holding her under attachment. It
seems the schooner had cleared at the
Custom House there for Puget Sound,
just before her being seized By the sheriff,
and upon her leaving San Francisco, as
above stated, which was on the 14th of
May last, she sailed to Victoria and Bur-
Iard Inlet, where she laid some fifteen
days, when she ventured to this port.
where, upon her arrival, about the last of
June, suit was brought In the District
Court by the Sheriff of San Francisco,
through Messrs. Dennison & Blanchard,
his attorneys, for her possession ; and the
required bond being given, the schooner
was taken In charge BY our sheriff. On
saturday evening last, parties employed
BY said sheriff sailed with the schooner for
San Francisco, where she win doubtless
await her legitimate orders. We un-
derstand that &, 900 will not pay the ex-
pense OF the trip-$5O0 of which is fine
Imposed by the Custom House here for
The schooner's having entered a foreign
port without authority. -" -