, 1876-02-14

'JA1A ANy loeO
----------"----"------ -------------~--@-~-----
ia not 70 mich 70 b, dreaded hy Cougress, sven
IL tbs d1t,ks weta not AIod hy treaty.
PaHBing IN to the principles underlying tho
question of tho
EFFECT Up IN 1IroR7.nrry ox TIE ronn1as
rnjtg
Ne mhy htilt usc cul1eo Al ~ Illustration. Taking
only onc-half tho crop. II WI attempt n retlnco
Tho prire ~ Tho by an imp1rt tIt1ty What in the
ntrec.7 That rrcs ccrtaluI;. c.n oily be- reI,scc
by IcAscninH tho demand. THIS in undoubtedly
tic Ilrat effect Of tbs duty. f;1t what follow1?
II wn take half t,o crop at. sny. 10 ccuis gold,
tho rent Of tue world takes the other half Al tAe
eAtna price. fos all buy IN the sarne lntrkes. Now.
n r,te of tho homo ps1co tcsacns tur .lomaIu1,
surely II may 10 ssnth,ed that any fail Of the prco
from jY censs Al lilo Will augment thu d emsnd .!
other eonnitIch. X ae intend, ~ a duty OF 8
centB. to reduce ths nrice at Tho 10 IA crnsa,
other countries step In and bid for. say, two.
thirds Of tho crUp, rupninG ilte price tack l.,
perhaps II cents. Our merchants. then. take
oris.thiEd crop at II plus 5.-I2 cents duty paid;
may bo Hatd that our consumers have vaincl
tccauEc they now Eet tho coffee 1T Rio for
II ces,.e, while tho duty OF centa tLey would
havo had. in any eveut. 10 pay ao taxes In acfno
tnke Ie~s by denying themaoives the difference
betwenn UlIc-thitd and onc-haf crop; which
IiGeIoucc hAA gone 10 benefit tho other foreign
conFrmerA who hny In tho lslo market. In
other words, they pay tbs Whoe tax,-3 cents In
money, aud tho baatro tn coffee. Dut tbs con.
eequonccs Will probably be woreo. Tho price, II
cents pays no better profit, tn tue long run. 10
iho pseduces ihsa In made on othar Prodnfss
When tue producer getA only II cents, lie will
divert Lin capital to tho production OF oIher ar
tlc1ea.-cotton, rtlk. etc.,-tu which tho profits
are unabxted. Shuft crops OF coneo uo rA1aad
until tbs price colieA back To II cepts. At which
nionc the Ordinary profit ia made. Tho homc-
consumer then pays The nauae price as before TO
tho HffH3ucAf 7 0f + rRr IN tfnY-
ernneut, and las tho enjoyment Of
49, ONLY oEE-IIIrt THE CHOP.
instead Of one-half whe tho crop will itself
deeseaso until tho swo-shttos taken by other
cuuussses u no larger iu quantity than The ono
lAif Of the former crop for they will take no
greater quantity At 10 cent? than before. It iB
trua, by taking only ono-thisa crop. apd that
crop smaller ouc, NO shall hare turned tho
pricc Of her commodities in ous markets. !; and
no tAK this may be 4 mitigating circumstance.
Gut y ID Probable that she Nil hnd market
elsewhere fot no much Of her p1olucts ns vii!
countervAi this gAin. In TACT. tho general
tendency Of both import aid export duties IL, in
ono respect, the aamo: They ihclno otfler cou'-
triea to buy aud eel! IN other markets rather
than III those Of tho country levyins tiom. lot
small s1pors-dusies On monopoMtlzedn - Articles @
generally have favorable result 10 tie lcry-
ing country. 1nport-dntioo arc convenient
modo OF tev9ing nocesaary ts1es. Iua. RupposnB
that tho enlanced pEice greatly d'minishAs the
consumption, theY may result IN decreasing The
quantity TO DO taxed IN proportion to the In
crsaao az the amount Of tile tai, and, At the
txule time. place tho article out Of tho reach OF
many Of tho poorer conaumors. But, II this IL
the best mode Of taxation,-and there is much
70 be said for II On ths score OF economy III col
lectioh.-ths question reniainH.
"wuAr AATiCl.Ea AnE HEST Fitted ron TAXA
Tios!"
ThaEe is plausible, but false, argument used
by sono writers. that Import tut1eA are tens
1ot+1h 1hi nv ~ n ~
none, bocasleo duty on foretgp produce. rais-
Ing ths price, gives lorne-proAuccsH af the samc
article higher profit =: tie s4pcnss Of consutn-
erB, and no beuent to the revenue. It LIZ lalsa
because, attef the fse occNrh ay rcasou Of The
| ta1, houe.capitAl. atttstea By tho inctcas-.
ed profit, iucteAsoB tho loEuc-suppfy, anu
issued in fall Of .rrsce until only
curront kAtn OF proht is lnado. 50 fAr from uaf
I boiug advantageous to tue consumer. tile casa
warrants still more plausible, though equally
| fa!ec, argument for tho very hdsantaEe eEFo-
| neouBly supposed TO result from ta1 On tea
| For. When tho Increased homg.euppy has TO.
duce1 the price 20 ordinary rEolt-tas.s, t>ls Tor
etsn producer must soil at tina game rrlcs. duty
pa,d, retire from the market. liz wnuld proba-
bly, takc the latter alternative, aud busy lllnssl
| about something else, or elsewhere.
There III no .ay of ley5tnE an lupors,ta1 on n
particular article 40 that It viii not fall cn cob
Huinery,-i. not altogether ou price per pound,
then partly on their collective couEunpton.-
| uplcas the produeesa tnslAt On keeping np tho
| supply, notwithstanding tue decrease ot prices.
| Whotner Chinese sagactLy Is al equal to the
recognition Of this principle "a to that unterls-
lug export~ta1es. nhy be answered by thoeo more
| convofsnnt with it. But tho coolnera with
which they received ous small aoniatsd in 1874
AyGucs vol for theI Waslon-or what not.
S!uca consumers
| Nusr pEAk TIE TAX IN SOME fuHh,
those articles arc best taxed OF which tho de-
nlapd is not scnsibly decreased, OF, II decreased
| no great hardhhp is etperienccd BY tho Goa
Ny1f4 for r{r1a AYH {rn1x
consumed BY tho wealthy Ia not sonsib!y dimin.
iaiied by moderate rieo of price,, and heacs a
tux laid on such is wholly gAsne4 By tho ravenno
Whesoas, a duty OIL tea and cotIee, ~hieh eates
largely into the consumption OF tue poor. in'ned
ateiy contracts tue imports; and tho moro slit
revenue attempts thus to gain, tho less beconct
its power 70 do 60, nd tho creator tue deprivation
Of tho consumers. It lisa prfne.pio adopted ;,