The New York herald., 1876-12-02

20 min, or within just 400 geographical miles
OF the Pole. Tho party making this jour-
ney were exposed upon the ice fields for tho long
and almost unprecedented period OF seventytwo days.
without fire, and at exceptionally low tempera-
lures, often making only mile day, enduring the
while untold su1crings Scurvy broSo out among
them on the journey, and several deaths among them
and other travelling parties resulted. The cause Of
this IL is impossible to explain with our limited ntorma
ton Some expeditions have suffered from 1t severely.
but most Of them have escaped altogether. Dr. Kane's
party we're attacked by it, though no deaths resulted
from that cause. Ny own party in 1S6o-6l were not
thus troubled. This attributed to an abundant sup
ply OF fresh animal food which We had no difficulty in
obtaining will checrfulness OF disposition, aud
full hygcnic regulations DR.. Kane had only
salt provisions. The Poiars wintered In nearly tho
same latitude the Discovery, and whilc more ex-
posed, and while the crew had not the advan-
tage Of naval discipline, their health was yet
generally good Tho British expedition had, as 1t
would secm everything necdul for health. Natre
says-sNo similar expedition ever lett any country
well provided with everything that could BIO thought
OF to sustenancc and protection. There
an ample supply OF provisions OF all kinds, sufficient
medical sla and all precautions evidently taken
throughout the long winter to Keep every one en-
ployed and cheerful and duly exercised" We have
only now to await the iull reports the expedition
before we judge ol the aggregate results Mean
while we sympathizc with those who suffered, admire
the persistent struggle they made upon the rough ice
fields in the torturing cold, and join with Nature in
congratulations at their sale return and their escape
as 1t would seem, ''out OF the jaws OF death"
ACHIEVEMENTS.
This much however, we know, and in more than a
mere geographical point OF view it Is important. They
have reached the extreme north point oil two
nenls-- America and Greenland. America terminates
in latitude SO deg. min. This high point Captain
Mares has gracefully called Cape Columbia. Beyond
this the land trends southwest, in which direction
Lieutenant Aldrich II latitude Sc deg. 10
min. longitude SO deg. 80 min., seeing land still
beyond in the same direction. Greenland was
traced point IN latitude So deg. so min longi-
,udc 4S deg. 80 min. beyond which the land trended
rapidly southeast in the direction OF Spitzbergen
| thus proving Grecnands insular character. What
| Captain Hall mistook for land further north, and
called President Land, was possibly ice the British
| observers, with 1t may DO better opportunities,
| did not sec it. The land above Lady Franklin
] Bay, which Hall named Grant Land. appears,
| after tho British exploration OF that bay, 10 DO
| only a continuation OF Grinnc Land, which dis
| covered and explored in 1854 and revisited in 1861.
Thus it will be that ihis expedition has on y
reached the porthernmost land ever attained by cy
izcd man. but, in all human probability Captain Mares
and his people have foot upon tho northernmost
! land on the GLOBE TINS is their triumph. Besides
this they have gone further north by shin than any
previous navigalor have wnicred nearer TO the Pole
| have encountered a lower temperature and longer
night than any OF their predecessors.
| A LONG, COLD NIGHT
The sun was absent from their winter quarters l49
DAYS nine days longer than from my winter quarters
at PORT Foulko and eight longer than from Dr. Kane's
at Rensselaer, Harbor. Their lowest temperature was
lol degrees below freezing, which two degrees and
| a nai lower than my lowest (which encountered