The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-08-11
GLlMPSES OF THE EXHIBITION.
FAULTY Observation-Disclosures EXHIBIT OF
IRON ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SHOW OF
GUNs-TRENCH BRIDGES AND LIGHTHOUSES.

PHILADELPHIA, August 10, 1870.
About one-quarIer OF the space in Machinery Hail Is
occupied by exhibits from foreign countries the re-
mainder by exhibits Of inventors and manufacturers
In the United States II this proportion were held bv
US against complete rcpresen aon OF the resources
OF the workshops OF foreign countries as Is shown OF
tho resources OF factories and found-ies VIC
might with good congratulate ourselves on our
hundred years, but the truth is that while in some
lines and specialtes tho show is part full to
repleton the foreign exhibits in every respect
meagre
Britain Nils the largest space of any foreign
country in this hall Austria Is satisfied with very
small space in corner aud that the space half
empty. Germany, Russia, France aud Belgium make
small displays These may all DO cassed as great
countries an industrial sense yet only of them
occupies much space Is given the sewing
machine companies alone In the United States quarter
II these countries wanted space than they have
and failed to obtain through OF familiarity with
The process by which space is obtained, It IL pity.
Doubtless sewing machine companies are managed by
who thoroughly understand that 40 pays well who
pays cash down.
One OF the puzzles Of the Exhibition s the system Of
classification that comes upon here. Cannon I'LL
the larger part Of the German Space cannon and
paraphcrnaa generally all great part OF tho room
given to Russia Cannon may DO machinery. but 1t is
hot usually regarded such by plain people. In
France German officer once said that his
men were not soldiers, but simply 'journcymcn
who worked at artillery" From that standpoint
cannon may pass for machinery. 1t may also be diff
cult to classify the heavy structures of metal
appropriately, but how rs 1t, then, that upon
cannon in the very middle OF tho main building under
the Swedish fass lisa brass field piece machinery
from one country and artistic manufacture from
another? And If a cannon is machinery what Is
Gardner gun or GatIing gun any other Of these
contrvanccs that they should have important
preference for position IN the main building?
On boats and ships the cass hcaton Is also lame.
Canadian canoes and leo yachts no. good examples
OF machinery. The class lcaton by countries sepa
rates widely articles of the nature and cxcep
ton is made to it IN favor OF pictures ana statuary.
This is successful AL the pictures from all the n
tries, nearly so, be found IN one place. This
exception to the common classification By countries
might have been extended with great advantage TO
some other articles hardly important tho world
than pictures
All that is to be seen here of boats and ships and al
that relates to ships and to the life Of marine
animal gathered together and properly classified so as
inspected IN relation with ono another, would have
made the most interesting and practically valuable
part OF the whole Exposition. There are beautiful
nautical exhibits in several departments In different
buildings which are lost as they are.
Another subject that might have been treated as
special exhibition apart IRON the classification by
is that OF railways Locomotives, cars,
tracks, switches, signal systems car Wheels cattle
cars palace and ohcr articles OF the till
large q space in several places, III tact they do in
life, that the desire 10 make comparisons between
countries Is inevitable and II is the purpose of
exhibitors and their main profit facilitate such
parsons Perhaps yet another subject Tor this sepa
rate classification Is artillery and hrearms
In every display like an international exhibition
systems Of classification are naturally aud necessarily
III conflict. and the only talent the name cement has
any occasion tor Is the kind that enables 1t recog-
nize the limit OF these two systems and to upon
The classification by nationaiitics Is the irst and
obvious Ii there had boon IN tona exposition
Ur OF the Chadces, they would have cassine ed
ever in that way only. AL! that tho
Egyptians sent would have been put in one
place and ali that tho Bactrians sent in an.
other, Tor they scarcely understood then that man.
in whatever countries he lived, made about the same
things. and did not TO inquire who made them
best with view TO the genera! improvement. But this
Ia the great inquiry OF modern times aud consequently
classification founded tho idea behind this inquiry
must control and limit the simple, obvious ana print.
classification by nations. Nationality must Sill be
basis OF classification Tor the large number of
Giles; but there certain great activities that I'LL
up the lives OF the strongest nations and of these
the struggle with the seattle problem trunsporta-
ton by sieam--and the means Tor making war arc the
most important and these should be separated from
natural lines IN common exhibit, just
and p are and the further this classification
As to the important features named the prescn, Ex-
position is mere iumble-a mere dumping ground Tor
tho ingenuity oil the world.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
Work IN iron on the most gigantic scale is the dis
feature OF the British division in machinery
in which cousin John Bull figures the Cyclops
OF tho modern world. In many cases the machinery
itself Is presented operation in others It appears by
proxy in beautiful models Steam pumps, steam nam
mers machinery Tor Mines road engines, wreckmg
engines for railways, enormous power looms, and
.cnfh ,a ht.tl.
owar are especially worthy OF notice in this depart
ment Tho specimens OF armor made tor vessels of
tho British navy remarkable for The evcnness with
which they are forged. 0ao section OF an
armor plate twenty-onc inches IN thickness
is polished on the edge and is as tine and perfect
through its whole thickness as tho surface OF MIR
There is no country In the world, certainly, in
winch such work can be done better. In our own
country be done we'll If the worklnen Get fair
play But the exhibition OF our armor plato in the
department OF famous American shipbuilicr natu-
rally suggests the reflection that weak point in
competition OF this sort will ultimately be found in
incapacty to 10 justice the SO many poll
teal rings Will have to be pucated by the
that when the battle comes the ships armor will be
found 10 be made of rotten hall forged.
Perhaps the single exhibit IN the British department
OF most interest to the general public Is that Of Saxby
and Farmer. the railway signal engineers This hand
some working model shows the system by which sig-
mails and switches are worked IRON an elevated station
ali the important centres In England. These men
the constructors OF the machinery at Waterloo
station in LONDON where there are Ito bars which
work twenty switches and ninety signals. There are
accidents there, and there 10 probably other
single station IN the world where halt many trains
received and Despatched day. The most CON-
plete and extensive display single subject in this
department is that oil cotton spinning machinery.
Next TO England, Russia has the largest and most
varied exhibition OF any foreign nation. Belgium
hibts some tremendous mining machinery and some
steam engines These perhaps. better than the
engines VI other countries, but they have that pccu-
liarty OF handsome finish IN virtue OF which tho
chimes OF that country always look like works OF
Russia exhibits artillery, arms splcnd WORK in ropes
casshed samples OF work for the instruction of pupils
in industrial arts and extremely beautiful models
CrunstadL
Germany exhibits an ingenious cuginc which with
the heat derived IRON single burner ordinary gas
gives power enough 10 operate printing press Ii mas
some good displays IN rolled also: but tho Ger
space is practically filed by Krupp and his guns
These would seem 10 be principally what Germany has
TO show. They, however, are great deal. In
armed age, when more thought Is gwen to
than ever before given TO the same subject,
ana when military tendencies are more than over
tha Al of