davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
LOTTERIES.
$722,249. and ase No sEHsks. sElzss


$722,243. and asc No eSASRs. Blaze
Greatest single Number Prize Drawing that
ever took place in the United States.
Nv authority of an act of the Legislature
the next All Prize Drawing will take place
public at Cheyenne, Wyoming positive
ly becem ber Is, 1875. and to be conducted by
sworn commissioners.
0722, 2l8 to be distributed.
All prizes and no blanks.
Within the reach OF any one to obtain
fortune fsr only small outlay.
To be drawn the 18th and 30th ofeach month.
Prizes payable in full, with out ednction.
on presentation at this office, Immediately
"tI1; Grand cash Prize, $4,000
do do do $4,000
do do do 2O,OOO
1Grand Cash Prizes, 10000
do do do 6,OO0
1N0 Cash Prizes. each 1000
Tickets, 50 each, or packages Of 10 tickets
SO. and the baIance to be>deducted only
from the prizes drawn. Information fur
nished. Orders filled. Also agents for the
Royal Havana Lottery, and all legalized
lotteries IL roughout the world. orders
solicited. Apply 10 or address EMORY 4
CO., Brokers, 81 PARK ROW, New York
CITY, dS.lm
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
sENTnNCKD.

The proposed motion for new trial in
the case of Bella McClain, convicted ysster.
day morning of murder in the second de-
gree, was made, and her counsel asked that
the Court be merciful in sentencing her,
Judge Briggs said 1t was only case Of
murder in the second degree, and In view
of the fact that the jury had recommended
her to the mercy Of tho Court, would let
her off with an imprisonment Of six years
in the Eastern Psnitsntiary. Twelve years
is the maximum punishment.
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
PROFESSIONAL.

nTNnDHEC legally and quiet.
YAJhCEC ly obtained in any
State for orincOlnpatabi!ity, &c. Residence not
|eIHs,y Ash u nj B,l.k, ,AlcssS; III. &
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
Royal Havana Lottery.
EXTRAORDINARY DRAWING.

EXTRAORDINARY DRAWING.
In the EXTRAORDINARY DRAWING
which will take place on Dec. 18th, 1876,
there will be only lS, ,Ov0 tickets, numbered
the amount drawn will be 1,35O,0O0 dollars.
One prize 10 every 7 tickets,
1of s5oo,OOO
2 of 100000 dollars each 100000
iof 5O,OOO
of 25.0OO
Q of 10 600 dollars each 10000
5 OF 500 dollars each 4O,OW
lH of 900 dollars each. !8,0OO
81! of 800 dollars each $4,000
I7y9 Prizes Of slOO for the 1889 num-
bers terminating with the figure
similar to that of the termina-
ting figure of the first capital ,-o ooo
APPROXIMATIONS 'of $1,000 each to ~.
approximations pre- i Of 81. 900 each to the ~.
2approxim sMo ai tiops ps,5ess Of $3.50 each to the
$4,000 prize l,loo
2Si6 Prizes amtg 10 Spanish dolls. G.35Oc c0
The approximations of 1000 to the
$4,000 prize will correspond 10 the re-
naming units Of the same ten OF the num-
bers drawing said capital prize:
The approximations OF s., 900 to the two
100000 prizes will correspond to the num-
ber preceding, and the one following the
numbers drawing said prizes
The Approximations OF 1850 the YOU, ,0OO
prize will correspond to the one number
preceding, and to the one following the
number draw ing said prize.
PRICE IN CURRENCY.
Whole Tickets. Halves. Quarters.
Fifths. Tenths. Twentieths.
SO. $40 IS.
PRIZES CASHED BY US. We pey the
high,sJ rates for DOubloons and all kin ls
o! gold and silver. spanish bank-notes, and
all government securities, ETC.
IO PREVENT LOSS BY MAIL, remit
REGlSTEkED LETTER, ''Post-ptfice Mo-
ney Order" drafts ON New York City Banks
or by Express.
We are prepared to fill orders.
y. B.-Address all orders TO TAYLOR &
w., Bankers. IL Wallst. NJ Y. decStl4
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
A Fortune For Only 81.

First dollar quarterly drawing. at New
orleans, TUESDAY. JANUARY2, 1877.
LOUISIANA STATE LOTTERY CON-
PANY,
rated by the Legislature OF tn 9 State for Ed
ucation Il Purposes In 1868, with capital
1900 900, to which It has since tdued q re-
serve 1und OF S5O,OU0. Its GRAN u SINGLE
NUMBER ORA WINGS will take place
monthly. The season OF 1877 "Opens with
The following scheme:
CApTTaI,PRIZE. SIS Ooo
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
w TON.
-.... d
Congressional Proceedings
FROM SOUTH CAROLINA,
INVESTIGATING OREGON,
ThoSituation, in Florida
The Philadelphia Post.
mastership.
SATURDAYS GALE
OVER THE CABLE.
THE CRISIS IN FRANCE.
GENERAL PRESS DISPATCHES
SATURDAYS GALE
OVER THE CABLE.
THE CRISIS IN FRANCE.

GENERAL PRESS DISPATCHES
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
WANTS..

InCNTC | -Four large life-llks Steel En-.
AUEN lN cravings Of the Presidential
WAKE Candidates sell rapidly. Send
auS DAY for circular. n. Y. Engraving
~ Is Wall Street, Box 1925. N. Y. aug3ltf
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
10000 TICKETS AT ONE DOLLAR EACH.

1923 Prizes. amounting to $6e,6&
Write tor Circulars or send orders to
CHARLES r. H WARD,
New Orleans, La.
REGULAR QUARTERLY DRAWING
On February 1, 1877. Tickets $40 each. Cap
ltal prize $4,000
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12

The ice men arc happy, and are cutting
~ from four TO aix inChse thick.
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
EDUCATIONAL.

v1IJLANOVA COLLEGE, DELAW ARE
Y COUNTY. PENNsYLVANlA.
This institution, chartered with Univer.
sity privileges, Is under the charge OF IL: the ae
sIy q AEyonstinian Fathers, and offers superior
advantages to students, who desire to make M X!
thorough Classical scentlnit tSs or Pannsy.
van JANA Central railroad, eleven miles from
Philadeip pbia. Railroad Station and Posi-
once on the college 8rounGs.
Terms: Per session effive months, IN ad'
vance,) $3.50. , o,o,oo,a
For tnil particulars, send f0r q catalogue
REV. r. A. MIDDLETON, D. w.,
dec. l-lyr. rio''ND''
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12

CyT. JOSEPH'S ACADEMY.
CHESTNUT HILL, PHILADELPHIA,
Under the care Of the Sisters OF St, Jose2n
Mhe course Of tnstructton includes all the
branches of q useful and Christian educa'
ton. rr,+,n,
snJ For further particulars, address,
sepl.ly MUIHEH NAV 'OHN.
The Morning herald., 1876-12-12
1nDEEMING THE GREENBAcK,

11DEEM1NG THE GREENBACk.
Mr.. Cameron, of Wisconsin, introduced
bill to provide for the redemption Of the
greenbacks, (it provides that from and
afterits snactmsnt ths United Statss shall
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10

Mr.. Watterson is on the stump in Ken
lucky talking like one inspired. This is
the way he closed his opening speech as
Congressional candidate; In closing, l
cannot deny myself the indulgence Of a
certain glad expectancy in the coming
restitution of an honest flag to the mast
head Of our much-battered but still sea-
worthy Old Ironsides Like the Old Ship
of Zion, She has breasted many pillows
And can breast as many more Her deck,
stained by the blood of heroes, has of late
years known only the footprint Of Parti-
sans, who have desecrated the free ensign
of the Republic to their own uses 1t
will no longer be alternately drop-cur
tain concealing political iniquitles, and a
shroud wrapped about the murdered forms
of popular rights, Rising, like the sun
in heaven after q night Of tempest, it will.
spread q divine effulgence over tie Vast
sweep and rangeof the horizon! \ warming
every nember'ofi the body polite; invig-
Grating. the weak, cheering the despond-
enit; genializing the whole free qfabric;:a
symbol at once of lational. life and glory.
an emblem and token. Of peace among all
the people Of our Union" -. ''''' i'---
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
Rend t,zyous of Our Accused Citizens
In Aiken.

in Aiken.
The sixty citizens of Edgefiield Ano
Aiken Counties, marked for arrest upon
the evidence developed by the Inq'les
of Prince Rivers, are to rendezvous in
Aiken on to-morrow-Thursday the 10th
for the purpose Of formal surrender
and application for bail. We do not
speak of our fellow citizens, thus accus-
ed, as being prisoners or under arrest,
inasmuch as no warrants have been for
mally served upon them. The names OF
citizens for whom warrants have been
issued weregiven in our paper last week.
Gen. NJ. c. Butler heads the list.
This morning-Wednesday, 9th-Gen.
Gary, Gen. Butler and Mr.. J. C. Shep-
pard left our town for Graniteville,
where they are to meet certain Of the OIL
der and more prominent Of the accused
gentlemen, for general consultation, and
for preparation as regards application for
bail. Tomorrow morning the whole
OoGy Will proceed en- mdSSe TO Aiken.
The application for bail will be made to
Judge Maher, whose home is in Barn.
well, and who-with kindness and con-
sideration which our people should duly
understand and appreciate-has offered
to meet our accused citizens in Aiken
instead of obliging them to seek him in
Barnwell, another days journey.
We have but little doubt that in our
next issue we shall be able to state that
these sixty citizens are free upon bail.
Attorney-Gen. Stoneis to represent the
State.
The formal hearing of this great case
will probably take place in September
unless Chamberlain shall find it more
to his interest to let it never come off.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
Admirable Spirit of Rhinehart Town
shin.
For the Advertiser.


MEssRs. EDITORS: at meeting of the
two Democratic Clubs of Rhinehart Town.
ship, OF Saturday Goth July, the County
ticket put in nominationeon the 10Th, was
ratified by unanimous vote. Rhine
hart lifts her hat to Brier Patch, Edge
field c. H., Dark Corner, Savannah, and
the County, and challenges the competi.
ton of all in grand endeavor to roll up
the greatest Democratic majority in No.
vember.
White Supremacy is our motto! Down
with carpet-baggers, scalawags, rene
gades-'names Synonymous with all that
is low, vile and corrupt on earth, or in
hell. Let us swear each other as Hamil-
car did Hannibal, to wage war against
them until they are driven from place
and from power. Let the tocsin be sound
ed from the mountains to the seaboard ;
it will strike terror into the hearts OF
Chamberlain and other lying, thieving,
perjured vampires, who have ruled us
Yith the purpose to degrade and ruin,
and who hope to continue to do so,
through or by the suffrages of the ne
groes. DAMON.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
Negro Speakers Raid to Come South
to Speak for Hayes.

We learn. says the Cincinnati Enquirer,
in roundabout way. that the managers
of the Hayes campaign in Washington
have furnished money to certain oolcred
men who have been hangers on about the
capitol for several years past, and In
structed them to go South and make
speeches for Hayes and Wheeler, assure
their sable brethren of the affection Of the
Radical leaders for them, and the inten-
ton of the General Government to send a
host OF troops where they can do the most
Of good Just about election time. One Of
these colored orators is q tall, slim, greasy
looking. sQal- -llqqk dayEy BY the name nan, Of
Berry Carson. Re ranks as General Of
the negro militia in the District Of Golum-
bia. Ee was few days ago on the
streets of Washington exhibiting pile of
money which be said had been given him
by his white radical brethren to pay hia
expenses on lecture tour through South
Carolina. His objective point is Ham
burg Hefavors blood for blood, and will
tell the negroes that if they want help he
will quarter his militia and muskets among
them. This fellow Carson is one Of the
most il!i.;;rra gentlemen gentlemen in the country.
He organized the negro voters in Wash
lngton city eight or nine wears ago when
sayles !. B1Wen ran fpF mayor, and the
httsE &h&l elscisq, Madsiblm a 'spAcal
messenger and confidential adYiscr. His
word was law among the negroes, and to
this day he exercises more' control over
them than does any member of his race.
The Shepherd ring was afraid of him, and
gave him every opportunity to make
,o,;i,, -"d wa believe he succeed
ed.in securing snug little sum.
He attended the Cincinnati Conven-
tiolI, ana Dy--i iis d-bvu5rlng-
disgusted the more Intelligent and re-
sprieTctsBie co?6red men who ;came here as
delegates Carson is a fit tool to send
South in the interest of Grant, Chandler,
Morton d Co., and is Just the man to fire
the hearts Of the negroes and inhame the
race to acts of violence 1t will be the
policy of the Administration to send sew
eral such individuals-some of them white
men with black hearts-down South to
cqnysss fafE' fths p@EtE. A. effort ##illl be
made to keap the appointments secret,
however, until after the election. Mum:
bers of clerks will also be granted Ions
furloughs with salaries to visit their re-.
spective States and speak in behalf of
Hayes, Wheeler, and continuance of
Grantism.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10

action Your crops are made. So go
10 work, to redeem you1 County from the
Radicals, who now ill its chief offices.
I,esfe every feeling but honor and prin-
c,ple at rest, and at all and every hazard
redeem your County. And then you
can rest assured that all your rights will
be maintained by honest men, and that
the laws will be duly and impartially adj
ministered by men of your own choice.
JUNIUS.
August 7, 1876.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
August I, 1876.
For the Advertiser.

MEssRs. EDITORS: The following from
an article published by Mr.. Paris Sim
kins, in the Ufion-Hcrald of the 2Sth
ult., viz: "Iappeal to Governor Bonham,
whom 1 know has given this whole mat
ter his serious and earnest consideration,
to do me the justice to state if Ihave not,
in his opinion, clearly established this
fact, that I am totally disconnected with
Johnson and Harling in their frauds
against the county, and that I have been
made the victim by these men, and prob
ably others in connection with them,"
demands an answer from me.
When I began, in the Reference, to de-
tect the character of the checks, and jury
and witness certificates presented by
Simkins, did not doubt that he was
party to the forgeries as well as to the
uttering and publishing the forged in
struments. I had been utterly unable
through any process of law at my COM
mand to procure the attendance of j. H..
Johnson, from whom Simkins said, in
his examination, he had purchased the
bulk of his claims, nor of Jas. F. Har-
ling, former Chairman Of the Board OF
County Commissioners, and who, itpret:
ty clearly appeared, had committed some
of. those particular forgeries. Near the
close of the examination of Simkins's
numerous Claims, he himself, as un'
derstood, at his own expense, brought
Johnson before the Court as witness,
! who confirmed Simkins's testimony as
to his selling Simkins the claims, alleg'
ing that he purchased them from Mr.
VIM. Walker, of Cherokee Ponds, and
Mr.. Archy Kemp, of Hamburg, both OF
whom had died some eighteen months
or two years before, and never dealt III
County Claims. Simkins, I had every
reason to believe, had also endeavorec
to secure the arrest of Harling.
These facts, together with the startling
boldness of the man, if he were partt
ceps criminis, in presenting for pay
ment SO many forged claims, lead me tt
doubt his completely, and to suspect tina
Harling and Johnson, probably in con
junction with some more adroit person
had imposed the claims on Simkin
without his knowledge of their charac
ter. But cannot say that sin his (my
opinion" he has "elearly established
this fact, that (he is) totally disconnected
with Johnson and Harling, in their ffald
against the County"
These are the facts, from which other
can form their own opinions.
NJ. T.. BONHAM.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
For the Advertiser.
Tribute of Respect to the Memory Of
Rev.. John Trapp.


At a joint meeting of the Bethany,
Bold Spring and Mountain Creek Church
es, held at Bethany, Saturday, July End,
1876, the following Preamble and Reso-
lutions were unanimously adopted:
WHEREAS, it having pleased an ALL
wise Providence to visit this Church
with the death Of Pastor who waG not
loss beloved than valued as personal
friend, we feel it 3 duty incumbent upon
us to pay tribute OF respect to the many
virtues upon which the grave has closed
forever. The Rev. JOHN TRAPP. our
former Pastor, was possessed of those
noble qualities of head and heart which
endeared him to all, and which rendered
him marked christian man. He was
held in much honor among his brethren,
being selected as Moderator of the Edge
field Baptist Association, one of the larg-
est apd most ssafllepted bodies in tho State.
He was active and # fearless ~ ritegsas in the dis
charge Of the duties .conln .conlne9tef !T%lth his
exalted position, without regard to. .ctTn-
sequences, and secured the CONFIDENCE of
all who knew him. There is 20 Man
who has done more for the Baptist cause
in Edgefield than he. He is identified
with its interest, and gave largely OF his
means for it's support. His mind was
| far ,Sbove mediocrity, and all his talent
| was deye4eff lto the glory of God and to
the honor Of H7iis H7is sSef sgSesft Ipam name. His earn
| est appeals, bis pious !exh1ortaa4iodaq, ortaa4 odaq, bis
-,saaent discourses and his eptire man
vain the pulpit, will long be re-
nef whA- ~ay who are now living.
memoered by M. --'sanents of the
de ilVed up 10 the reqL- II and
blessed Gospel which he preache.,
his reward is far higher, and pobler, and
purer than we can bestow; belt therefore,
Resolued, That in the death of our for.
mer Pastor, Rev. JOHN TRAPP, society
has lost useful citizen, the poor a true
and constant friend, and the Christian
Ministry one Of its brightest ornaments.
Resotued, That while we submit to the
will of our Divine Lord in removing
from his earthly to his heavenly home
our brother and pastor, we deeply feel
the severe loss which our denomination
has sustained.
Res0lUcd, That we extend to his family,
in this their sad and irreparable bereave-
ment, our heartfelt sympathy.
Resolued, That blank page in our
Minute Book be dedicated to his memo
ry, and that q copy of the above pream-
BILE and resolutions be sent to his family,
and copy to the Edgefield Advertiser
for publication.
Done by order of the Church.
r. w. SEYMOUR, Jr., Mod'r.
w. 81. YELDELL, Clerk.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
The Negro Mass Meeting OH saturda.
Nayt

The negro Mass Meeting, which has
been spoken of for two or three weeks
past, is to take place in our town on Sat-
urday next, and, according to the asser-
tions of some of the Radical leaders,
Gov. Chamberlain is to be present and
address his party. The csrlpaign is now
fairly opening, and political excitement
already runs high. Under the circum-
,stances we deem it our duty to exhort
all men of our own race who may be
present among US on Saturday, or who
may attend this meeting, or be within
hearing of it, to be quiet, cautious and
guarded. AS Gen. Ferguson told us on
Monday, tbs work-hard, conscientious
pork, both imdividuaL and en- masse-
and acork alone-that viii carry the COM
ing election for the Democrats.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
The First Bale.

: sAvAss.H; August 2.-Tw9: bales Of
cotton received To-Day, one of Georgia
and the other of Florida growth, consign-
cd to J. W. Lathop & Co.. sold for Is
tSa'f tSe fsfidH III H bAs sBath siipped te 3 +
Baldwin, New York. The first bales last
yeer were received on the 2lst of July.
Savannah is tls arsb poFtto receive new
cotton This year.
FIRST BALE IN MAeos,
The Telegraph Of the 9rd inst, says
"The first bale Of this years crop was re-
ceived on Yesterday by Messrs
Bros, from P. w !, mo. of nonah : .ahcsrs GERS
.,unty. 1t weighed 545 pounds, classed
middGng, and was bought by Messrs.
Cargill & Holmes at l6 cents per pound
who shipped it at once to New York as
the first bale of Georgia raised cotton Of
this crop, The first bale received here
last season was also from the plantation
Of Mr., Jones, and asreceived by Messrs
Hardeman u Sparks ON the 2Sth of July,
and sold for % cents per pound.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
Conspiracy to Assassinate Gen. Butler

Conspiracy 10 ASsassliate Oeh' ou'iei
On Thursday night last, our commu'
nity was thrown into considerable ex-
element by the discovery of a plot
among certain prominent negroes, to as
sassinste Gen. NJ. C. Butler. One Dick
Lundy, however, a well-known negro
fellow and an understrapper in the plot,
proved too garrulous and msde disclo-
sures that clearly betrayed the hellish
design. By Friday morning this Lun-
day had fled, since which time our white
citizens have been perfectly quiet but
vigilantly watchful. 1t having become
almost certain, within the last two days,
that Lunday was secreted in his moth
er's house, on the plantation of Mr.. Jes-
sc Cogburn, nthe Mt Tabor neighbor-
hood. six or seven miles to the East Of
us, a Sheriff's deputy, Mr.. Charlie Har.
rison, accompanied by three or four pru'
dent and sagacious citizens went cut last
night, Tuesday night, to arrest him
They found him in his mothers house
and he is now in our Jail. He has made
full confession or statement, which
statement, for prudential reasons, we
withhold from the public print in this
issue. Suffice It to say that this state
meut will probably lead to very impor'
tant results.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
COTTON GINS!

WYE are still MAKINGand REPAIR,
wv ING, GINS ,THRASHERS and
,EANS, on reasonable terms foI cash.
al. work Guaranteed, = t'.f 4 'iS'','i
-, 65 AIM. &aG. .iGHAPM ANSs5 q
~ SALuDA OLp Town, h a
tf4. G. & c. R. R., S, C.
Feb. %, 1876. 6m 10
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1876-08-10
people: That we must all work: !: tba

people: That we must all work; that
must hold the Radical leaders persona
responsible for all violence, houssbpS
icg or bloodshed. And that we sheuEs:
by all means nominate straight-ois
ticket for the State offices. And asse
always the case before an Edgefield atAs
dience, hewas frequently greeted wits
unbounded applase. iss
Gen. M. G. Butler was next called for
indeed had been called for impatienuy
from thew, beginning of the meeting
and with earnestness and pathos he
entreated his bearers to cultivate har-
mony and peace with the ignorant ne
groes. He said he had been villified and
traduced from one end of the country to
the other as she leader Of turbulent
spirits and mobs, but he branded the
assertions as ignominious lies. He aver
red that he had saved many aneSroe's
life. He had heard that conspiracy
had been formed to kill him, but tnat ne
feared no such thing; and he warned
the negroes that if any violence was at
tempted on any man, their leaders would
suffer. He did not want o single white
man in Edgefeld to do anything to
negro on his account. He was able 10
take care of himself, and with Gods
helm he would do so. He wanted
peaceable election and an honest canvass,
and all he asked was for every man to 90
his duty. Throughout the day the SYM
pathy of our whole people for Gen. But
Ter, and their love for him, had been
manifested in the most marked and en-
thusiastic manner. He then introduced
the following Resolutions, which were
unanimously adopted:
Resolued, Thatwe, the people OF Edge
field County, in Mass Meeting assent pled,
cordially endorse the Platform adopted
at the Democratic Convention lately held
at St. Louis, Mo-, and pledge ourselves
to an earnest support of the same.
End. That in the nomination of the
distinguished and upright statesmen,
Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas A. Hen,
bricks, for the positions of President and
vice-P President of the Unitet states, we
recognize the dawn of better day lor
the Republic, and hope forthe restora-
ton of a normal condition OF pubic
affairs.
Srd. That we invite all classes of the
citizens Of our County 10 join us In the
support of these illustrioIs men, ana
invoke the exercise of every peaceablc
means to secure tnumpnant malority
for reform, good viii and fraternal rela-
tons.
At4P. NJ. the Meeting adjourned, and
yery soon thereafter the vast throng de-
parted quietly to their homes in all parts
of our County.
Gen. Hampton. who was to have been
present at this meeting, was prevented
from coming, by very serious illness in
his immediate family.