davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

Year than usual, as is also the Corn
Crop.
F.om the Milwaukee Wisconsin.
1t is noticed as matter of consid-
cradle importance to Wisconsin aud
Minnesota, in view of the fact that
the wheat product is something of q
failure, that the hog product is one of
the largest ever known in the coun-
try.
Last year the number of hogs pack
cd did not exceed Isl, 1872. The num-
Der during the previous year was
MS,l97. From the statements made
by the largest packing establishments
In Milwaukee,, it is estimated that
there will be not less than $4,000
hogs of the finest quality packed dur
ing tho ensuing season in this city.
Messrs. Plankinton & Armour in
formed a reporter this morning that
the product is the largest and of the
best quality ever raised in the North
west, and that the facilities for fatten-
Ing were never so good.
The abundance of the corn crop
will be found to be a great aid in fit
ting the pork for market, and be-
tween this and the extra production
Of hogs the agriculturalist is likely to
be fully compensated for all loss on
his wheat crop. AS Milwaukee con-
taina some of the largest packing
houses in the country, this intelli-
gcnce is of particular Importance to
us. Ofcoursc, the effect of this will
be to cheaper the price of pork.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Pitcher S
CastOria,

Motnefs may have rest and their babies may
nave health, II they will use Castoria for Wind
onc' worms, Feyerishness, Sore Mon h. Group,
or stomach Complaints. Itis entirely vegeta.
oie preparation. and contains neither pinersi,
morphine nor alcohol. II is as pleasant to take
as honey, and neither gage nor gripes,
d.. =. Dimoch, of Dupont, o.. sal s:
~ sm using Ca toria in my practice with the
most signal benefits and happy result -
This is what every one says Most nurses in
new YORK city use the Casioria 1t Is prepared
~ Messrs. J. b. ROSE a Co., 40 Dey st, New
York, SUCCESSORS to Samuel Pitcher, MD.
6-2s-w-chq
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Debt statement.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 2.-Thc deb,
statement issued to-day, shows re.
duction during last month, of $2,9l5..
2G5. Currency in treasury $l2,524..
9i5. Special deposits of legal tenders
for redemption Of certificates of dc.
post, $34,52O,O00. Coin in treasury.
$64, SOL ,lM, including coin certiii..
Gates, $29,777, 800 Outstanding lega,
tenders $36S, 494,740.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
A Blind Man slaughters his wife
and Child, and then Kills MIN.

NEW YORK, Oct. 2.-Julius Blank,
blind professor of music, residing on
the top floor at No. Dol West SD st,
shot his wife last night, inflicting a
mortal wound, also shot his child
Amelia, aged 80 years; she died soon
after. He then shot himselfa and died
instantly.
Burglars entered the store of Frank.
lin Horton, on Fulton St., Saturday
night or Sunday, broke open the safe
and secured $4,000 worth of jcwelry.
No arrests.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
safe Burglary caaa.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 3O.-The safe
burglary conspiracy case, in which
General Babcock and Thomas p
Scmnierville, were defendants, was
concluded Tuesday by the jury re,
turning verdict of not guilty in each
case. The jury was out two hours
returning about six O'Clock. Persons
present expressed their qualification
at the result by cheers and other dem,
onstrations. Fs.1.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Tho Hurricane ~ san .,,,a,,

WASHINGTON, Sept. 30.-The Amer.
lean consul at Porto Rico, reports
that in the late terrible hurricane
San Juan and the surrounding dis.
tricts as far as heard from, suffered
terribly. There is hardly a house
standing and what with the rise OF
the rivers and the sweeping away OF
bridges, the cane, rice and coffee es-
tates are all ruined, for the coming
crop. Several coasting vessels were
cast ashore and number of lives
lost,
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
FoollsuNEss.

Republicans who have a penchani
for the soft money theory, should re-
member that they are dividing re-
publican strength when they run of
after this one idea, and so will help
the solid south, who say give us any
body that can carry enough Northern
states to help us out. Again, these
republicans should be careful not to
let democrats who talk grecnbacks,
and claim they are going to vote the
greenback ticket, cheat them. If there
are republicans who hunt in couples
with democrats for Peter Cooper, just
please vote i'll couples, and be sure
they vote for Cooper. tits a game of
democracy to get republicans whom
they know are honest to vote for
Cooper, while they, themselves, slip
in straight democratic ticket. In
this district they are now trying to
crowd off the grecnback candidate
for Congress, and cuddlc grcenback-
ers into endorsing Hendershott, the
democratic nominee.
OF this Cooper business, the Chica-
go Journal says:
"Is Peter Cooper, who thinks he is
running for President, the cat's-paw
of Tilden's New York ring? 1t GER
tainly looks SO. His son, Edward, is
one Of the Sachems of Tammany and
one of the most active of Tildenss
agents; and his son-in-law, A. s..
Hewitt, of New York, is the Chair
man Of Tilden's National Committee.
LIZ il possible that these two members
of his family are putting up job" on
the supplemented, childish old gen.
tleman, in order to draw the votes of
Republican Greenbackers away from
Hayes 1t is more than likely. Peter
Cooper is a good old man, and has
always been a Republican; but any
man with spark of sense must see
that thele is no more chance of his
his election to the Presidency than
there is of turning winter into sum-
mer. The only effect of his candida
cy will be to divert few Republican
votes, and thus help Tilden's chances
and it looks as if Tilden and his
fellow tricksters were at the bottom
Of the Cooper business, with this OBJ
ject in view. We suggest to Rcpnb-
licnn greenback men whether this is
not the game, and whether it would
argue well for their good sense to be
made dupes of by it."
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
OWIGINAL NOTICE.

To Prnda Rose, George Rose, Emma Crowley
Napoleon Rose, zuba Rose, sunsn Rose, Flor.
cnce NJ skillman ;--
You are hereby notified that on or beio,e the
S1th day O. september, 1876. the petition OF Enos
Kose, plalntf, VIII BIO filed in the Clefks once
OF the circuit Court OF Wapello c0un y, Iowa,
claiMing OF yon Partition, or II that cannot tc
made, that the following described property be
SOLO ana ths proee dis divided pray ed for in said
petition. tq-wit Lot number l03 Ia the city OF IT.
tumWa. iowa; also beginning at ths ctn er Of
the south west quarter Of ssction IS. Township ~
range ID, running thence south OK chains, thence
east chains, thence north 81 chains thence west
that you be required 70 paw an equitable pr opor-
ton Of tn cost thereof, And that unless You n,
pear ana make defense thereto on or before noon
Of the second day OF the next term OF said court.
TO be begun aud held at the Court House Ia Ctium
va IN said county, on the Esd day OF October. 1876
deIsult WIN be entered and a judgment and decree
rendered thereon aganstyou.
~ W. H.. C. JAQURs !.
sept. ~ 1870 Plaintiff Atty.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

Henry Watterson's paper, who, 70,
less than ten days service at the last
session of Congress, drew pay at the
rate of over one hundred dollars 6
day, and who is yet a bowling Tilder
reformer, got vexed because some
English writer spoke highly of the
Uaion soldiers, and publishes thil
fling at the native born soldiers OF
the Union:
"Nobody will deny that the Amer.
lean soldier at his best ia just as good
as any other soldier, especially whcr
it happens-as it unquestionably hap.
pened with seven-tenths of the BRAY
est and best fighters of the late war
that the American soldier was borr
and reared in Ireland or Germany.
The soldiers of foreign birth who
helped whip treason out of Mr.. Wat.
terson and his democratic constitu.
ency, were faithful and good soldiers
All honor to them, but they, in com.
mon with all other decent men,
spurn the poltroon who would BELT.
tie their native-born comrades in
arms. More than seventy-flve pei
cent. of the Union armies were ma.
tives, and to say that seven-tenths OF
the bravest and best fighters were
reared in Germany or Ireland, is only
such base falsehood and rebel slur
as naturally comes from southern
democratic source. No soldiers in the
Union army bore away more honors
for all that cnnobles soldiers name
than those Of Iowa, and from the fact
that she has no large cities, the pro.
portion of native born soldiers IN
Iowa regiments was much greater
than among those of tho Eastern
States. 1t takes q ,rilden reformer to
thus SANDER the brave men who
saveal the nation.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

a-
The Hon. w. F. Coolbaugh of Chi
cago, in effect admitting Tilden's ras-
calities, (because he could not help it),
in the matter of his income returns,
made speech in which he advised
democrats when Mcdill and Bross, of
the Tribune, or "Long John" Went
worth talked about Tilden's defraud-
ing the revenues, to ask them about
their returns, and he ventured they
would shut up on the subject. The
Tribune replies to this insinuation Of
Coolbaugh's, and gives that gentle
: man such castigation as few men
ever get in life time. The Tribune,
speaking for Medill and Bross, says
that each year their returns were
made 10 itcmizcd form, arc matters of
ecord, and they challenge an invcs-
:tigati0n. They never refused to give
their returns, not saying to the officers
AZ Tildcn did, that they asked no ia
>yors Of them, and let the Assessors
{ grOpe In the dark, and by that means
escape paying thousands Of dollars
oach year, which r'ghtfully belonged
to the national Treasury. And Til
! den had two reasons for this. First,
he would cheat the government to
save his pocket; and, secondly, no was
most bitterly opposed to helping the
& nation crush the rebellion. The 1yi-
bNne fays Coolbaugh alive. We
quote paragraph from its reply, as
follows:
But the line of defense Mr.. Cool
bangh has adopted is not crcditable
either to himself or Tilden. If the
remark we have quoted from his
speech has any significance, it means
that It was the practice of the time
to falsify income returns and
swindle the government, and that
Tilden didn't do worse than other
Z people. We are aycrse to the belief
fllat Mr.. Coolbaugh comprehended
/ fully the meaning of such an admis-
sion. Without any reference to what
others did, it is confession that he
supposes Tilden falsified his income,
{ and inferentially justified him in do
z ing 50. We presume that if Mr.. Cool
! gbangh thinks Tilden might do this
!. without wrong, then he (Coolbaugh)
would bic acquitted on the same
ground If he had followed what he
fntimates was the practice of the day.
We hope that Mr.. Coolbaugh was an
exception to what he thinks was the
/. rule, but the testimony produced
shows that Tildcn was not.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
THE GREAT sSTJls or THURS.
The seFvtans RepuIsed In Every
Attack

Attack.
LONDON, Oct. "a Times cores
pendent at the Turkish Headquarters
says Tllursdhy's battle, both as re-
CARDS loss and numbers engaged, was
decidedly the greatest of the whole
war. In front towards Morayia the
Servian attack was mainly directed
against the Turkish bridge. The
main attack was against the Turkish
left wing, under Hafiz and Ali
Pasha, in order to cut offthe Turkish
retreat to Nisch. Sixteen Seryian
batalions also crossed the Moravia
at Drachevat and advanced against
the Turkish right, This double
Ranking movement completely failed
and the Servians by noon were driv-
en- back at all points with great loss.
They subsequently renewed the at
tack against tho Turkish left three
times, but were on every occasion re-
pulsed with great loss. The Turks
having kept on the defense, their loss
was only $50; the wounded having
been brought in. On the Seryian
side are many Russian officers. Off
GERS had to drive the Seryian soldiers
to the attack at the point of the
sword.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Chicago Lave stock Market.
CuloAso, Oct. 3.

BY Telegraph a8 IA
Hogs--Receipts 1900 head. Mar
ket rules active and prices firm, and
common TO choice light grades bring
from $6 05@2O, while similar grade
arc readily disposed of at price
ranging from IS 75@6 50.
Cattle Quiet and weak. Receipts
$500 head. Common to medium
natives are quotable ut So 50@i 50.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Chicago Democracy HAS : Row

CHICAGO, Sept. 30.-The democrats
of the Third Congressional District,
this afternoon, re-nominated j. v.
Lemoyne by acclamation. ~
In the First District, two sets of Of
flcers were nominated and after con-
siderable trouble, which came near
ending in personal encounter, the
two factions adjourned to different
halls, when one unanimously nomi-
mated John r. Hoxie, and the other
re-nominated Barney G. Caulfield by
acclamation. agE
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

lBy Telegrsph.l
Sr. LOUIS. Oc, q

[ BY Telegraph ~
Wheat--highcr and in good de.
mand. No. 2 Fall VI 1920 cash do
8 Fall, VI lOls q u, and No. 4, ! Oh.
Corn-higher. No. 2 mixed ak "a
42l4c cash, AN Oct, and 4lAc Nov.
oats-lower; 33kc bid cash, while
sales were effected at 34,ac Oct.
Rye-frmer at 5Skc.p qaE
Whlsky-$l 10. s8iee asii BAL.
Pork-better $17 80. ~
Lard-easier at $40 40.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Destructive FIre-one Man Burned
Tn noath

TOLEDO, o., Sept. 3O.-The Milburn
Wagon Company, of this city, whose
works were destroyed last night by
fire, were insured in 40 companies
for $4,000 The report has gained
credence that Z men had persisted in
the ruins, but there was but one. Col
Edwin NJ. Hurlburt, lumber clerk Of
the company, who was smothered to
death in the fifth story and when the
floors gave way and he was carried
down to the second floor where his
remains were found this morning.
The officers Of the company estimate
the loss at one hundred and fifty
thousand dollars, with insurance al
ready given. The company will
commence rebuilding at once.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

CHICAGO. Oct.

fte CHICAGO, Oct. 3. \.
Whcat--unsettled; prices opened
strong and higher, but subsequently
yielded to decline, closing easier al
y OSa cash, ] OSss Oct, and II OBS
November. s5's..fY
Corn-firmer at45'sc cash. and a., Ii
Oats--armat 1890 cash Or Nov.
Rye-62@4c.
Barley-83c. 90
Pork-strong and higher at ZIG 70
cash, SIC 60 Oct.
Lard-firm and higher at $lO.35
cash, and 10 50@55 a year.
Whisky-$l O91a.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
- - - -i-.----------.-
PHOOE OF villa.

h Notice Ia hereby given that on tie 10Th day OF
september, 1876, there was orened and publicly
read ia the Office OF the Clerk of the tircui,
Court To and Tor wapells county, Iowa an in-
stramunt ofwiiitng pnrportiug to be The last will
county, deceased and that Tile second dav nj fhe
next term of said ourt, lo-uit: ctot er "a 1876 II
sc a. the day Of inal hearing and proof II said
VIII. ut winch time Nil persons Interested may
be admitted 70 probate. l.. M GOD,E y
by geo Gniswotp, Deputy. Clerk
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
FOREIGN.
The pona sIck Ao.,n

-ft4z sU0 pVpO 0tSN AHdtus
LONDON, Sept. 30.-A despatch from
Rome to-day, reports. the very seri-
GUS and even alarming illness of the
Pope and Cardinal Antonelli. The
Pope has been able to take his
daily walk in the gardens Of the Vat.
lean until lately. His present illness
causes the profoundest shock among
all circles in this city. I. G -
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
For the sufarare

New YORK, Oct. 3.-Physicians of
this city will ship to Savannah, to.
day, a large quantity of quinine and
blankets, the Mayor of Savannah
having telegraphed that these were
needed, but that medical aid was not
required. $50 &
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

Only one hundred and seven new
newspapers were established in the
United States last month, and as long
as the number doesn't 60 over 5000
per year, each paper can be certain of
fifteen or twenty subscribers.-De-
tyOH Free Press.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
PROOF of WILL.

Notice Is hereby given that on the 18Th fiay
OF September a. ID. 1915, there was opened and
publicly read in the ,ffice Of the clerk of the
Circult Court Ia and Tor said County, an In
suunent of writing purp ring TO he The yernsl
WIZ and Testament VI John Mnlligan, late of said
county, deceased; and that the second day of the
next Term ~ said court, commencing on Monday
the day OF 1nalhearing and proof of said will at
which time all rersons interested may appear
anu snow cause why the sam should not lie adj
mitted to probate,
L. NJ. COOLEY, Clerk.
sept. ~ isIu-Sw By ueo G5fiswold, DE- nv
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
: -
LEGAL.
PROOF OF ,slg,s

STATE OF IOWA, rs.s4 49,
Wapeo County. s.
Notice Is hereby given that on the 9th asy III
SEPTEMBER, Isl Q, there was opened and publ. "
read IN the office OF the Cieik OF tie Circuit Court
ing to be the last viii and testament of Wm. Fes-
senee1 late OF Aa'd county, deceased. and the
second day of the next term of said court com
nenclbg on The Esd day OF October. 1873. has
been &c. as the day Of I'm j hearing and proof of
said VIII, al which time IF persons interested
may appear and show cause why the same should
not be admitted 20 probate
Sept lS, iSI6-iw l.. M COOLEY Clerk O. &.
by GEO: GRlswoLp, reny.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

WILLIAM FURNFss,
Notary Public in and for the City and
County of New York, No. "a.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

lem worth knowing and worth all the cheap books com.
~ iarse double column pages and 200 pstes aud
"A Private Medical Treatise ons sexual and Chronic
Diseases, senai Weak Impotence Catarrh, Cans
the Opium Habit SOL sent under zeal for l0cts.
Lied oai Treatment and edyiee personally OF by
lter q this old aud reliable Inssituse which has been
9pcIasa many years under . Charter from the Stat
!, Tho Mcdicai and Surgical Institute,
trademark s-st,5.e, Milwaukee, Wis.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

The democracy have sent a circular
to tho wire pullcrs in their ranks, in
which they figure up that there is no
safety in Tilden's success. unless the
solid vote of the South is given for
him. Among other things, this cir
ct,lar says:
"Under the circumstances, will it
not be wise to carry erery southern
State AT ALL HAZARDS? There are
not United States troops enough
available to surround all the polls
throughout the South. Indeed, the
entire United States army. if it were
practical to withdraw it from other
duties. is insufficient for the purpose,
II the democrats of the South deter.
mine to act in concert in election day
Ito deposit their own votes at an
early hour, and then to see to ii that
the negroes are not intimidated,
bribed. cajoled, or otherwise tamper-
ed with by the carpet-baggers. The
stGHe to De played for on Tuesday,
NoreNbef Z, is the possession of the
Government, and 1T can be ,con. But
there must be no loose talk beforehand"
This is order No. l from Tildcn.
NO loose talk says he, but strike
and carry sat all hazards" the whole
South. Don't let carpet-baggcrs in
hmidatc the colored voters, he says.
Now, whoever heard Of any carpet
baggers. as the kuklux term them.
killing or intimidating the negroes !?
What brazen impudence this Isl The
intimidation of the colored people is
just what Tilden expects from his
own friends. He knows, as Bob In
gersoll says, that if he (TildenA, Is
elected president of the United States.
il will be done through the aid Of the
kuklux democracy in preventing the
white and black radicals from voting,
by means of fraud and murder. Only
few days since, twenty-five negroes
were butchered at Aiken, South Car
olina, and just preceding this butch
cry, N. W. Gary, confederate, made
a speech at Aiken, in which he said
"And now let me tell you what to do
on election day. Go in masses, armed,
and try and force the negroes to vote
our ticket. II they don't do it, shoot
them down and cut off their ears, and
I warrant you this will teach them a
lesson; and even if we are not elect
ed, we will 20 to Columbia in force,
and IL not allowed to take our seats,
We will surround the State House and
tear It down, and show them we will
rQle. What say you, men, can't we
do il? Loud cries of "Yes, d-n it,
yes."]''
They took Gary's advice, and did
not wait to act on election day. There
is day of retribution for these out
RACES, and if it does not come soon,
at the hands Of rightful law, it will
come in the order of Gods laws at
some time, just as the bosom of de-
strnction swept over the land on &C.
count Of the great sin of slavery. Let
no man and no people hope to escape
nom the scourging hand of the
Almighty when such deeds. are per-
petrated with impunity.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04
Live stock Market.
! 49, mn n -----.- 4.
[By telegraph

10y ICIcgTHpH.J ~ ~ ----. ----I y.
ST. LOUIS, Oct. 3
Hogs-Rcceipts 400 head. Mar
ket active and prices strong. Light
shipping are quotable at from SIS coo
@75; bacon IS 7O@9O; butchers lots
rs 9O@6 Is, aud fancy Sc rs.
Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1876-10-04

HENRY CLAY DEAN, of Robot Cove,
the much beloved democratic orator
of many Wapello county democrats,
in his speech here some two weeks
since, advanced very many wild and
visionary views, as he always does,
and also in some cases oyerstepped
the bounds of a cautious democrat.
We refer. to one case of the latter
sort. In announcing his view that
tho nation could not resume, by rea-
son of its debt aud the obligations 1t
yet had to pay, he enumerated the
debt under four beads, and one of
them he puts in the following Ian
guage:
3D., The debts unsettled for spolia-
Mon upon PROPERTY Of its oacn pirate
citizens.
Now we have q court of claims or
commission, which is continuously
examining claims of southern people
who were loyal, for losses incurred.
But oil the allowances in this direc-
ton have never amounted only to q
few millions, and it cannot be that
the operations of this court is not
what Dean refers to. Plainly when
Dean makes these spoliations one of
four grand divisions representing the
national debt he refers to hundreds
upon hundreds of millions of dollars,
that his democratic members of con-
gress have been introducing bills for
during the last session. There is the
$6S,OO0,OOO claimed for refunding the
cotton tax, also the refunding of the
direct tax, the payment to southern
ers for all their losses, and according
70 the way they have began introduce
ing their bills including payment for
3 the slaves. it will como up well to
doubling the present debt Of the
nation. OF course Dean don't expect
70 resume with such an increase of
the national debt under democratic
rule, and he don't want to resume.
The fact is, the confederate democra-
9 cy don't want to make greenbacks
equal to specie until they get in their
lick at the national treasury. 1t is a
bold move for man to come up here
into Iowa, and boldly announce the
democratic doctrine of making the
loyal men of this nation pay for the
losses of rebels while treason was
being whipped out of them; but
Dean is equal to. such task. Dean
wants reign Of greenhacks for fifty
years hence, that rebels may be paid
their losses and the national debt
nearly doubled.