davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-08-29
ADVANCE AND DECLINE
The following shows the changes as compared with


The following shows the changes compared with
dosing prices Of Saturday -
ADvANcE.--Atantlc and Pacific Telegraph x; Lake
Shore, "a Northwest preferred, al Producers and
Petroleum, Il Western Union, u.
DEcLisE-D, laware aud lackawanna, a; Delaware
and HUDSON Canal, u, Erie, y Michigan Central ri
ss Northwestern, a; Central and Hudson, q Ohio and
Mississippi, ~ Pacific Mall -; Rock Island, u;
gold, a.
INVESTMENT SHARES
Investment. shares brought tho following prccs:-
Morris and Essex, 94A: Delaware and Hudson Canal
S55s Sc; Central aud Hudson. 10jls United States
Express, CO; American, 20; Harlem, 1867 Rock Island
1881 lc3 The latter stock would seem to be pres
subject to the peculiar attention of the bears but
It is noticeable in this connection as
evidence of the confidence OF investors that
no large lots offered Notwithstanding.
MONEY MARKET
Abou. noon money call was quoted at and later
at "a per cent, but later 1t abundant supply
IL per cent Foreign exchange was dull, ac,cai bust
being at4s7 S7,i for bankers sixty days
sterling and SO 4s91z for demand Rates OF
shangc on New York at the aforementioned cities:-
Savannah, q premium. Charcstown scarce selling,
u premium. Cincinnati nrm and 10 good demand, par
TO Soc premium Nov Orleans commcrcia, 3l6;
bank. Il. Chicago, SOC. discount St, LOUIS &c pro-
mum.
TIKI GOLD MARKET
Gold opened at III and dropped to ll0s. a. which
ngurc II closed On gold loans to-day the rates Tor
borrowing were fat to per cent The decline was IN.
directly attributed to some supposed influence OF the
operations OF the syndicate.
EXCHANGE BASK.
uoiu o"i1nCcs.- SHso,tOO
o"iah-es l,Uos,-Jo
WV"
CLEARING uocsk sTATExsSr.
Sufrctty exchanges SOS, 391, 1873
10y o'I"ees. -...........-... .szoao
"'N """'es''...-.. --...........-.... i,Oio,Joo
GOVERNMENT BONDS
Government bonds were rather weaker and dull In
The forenoon, and on active business con
unued lower IN the afternoon. The follow
Ing were the closing quotations United
States currency Skies 1863. 1897; do do, 1851.
registered, 1ly ll9k; do. do. do. COUPON. lIgL
ilsA; DO do, 1866, registered ll3s1 ia; DO d.
do, coupon, 1874 ia; do. do new. registered.
ll41s n4,s DO 40. do. do coupon ll4I, ll4s do
do 1867, registered, ll7s. 49, do. d. do. coupon
l1'x l1'e4, do do, 1865 registered. 100 a l20x;
do, DO, coupon 100 1904; ten fortics rcc,s-
tered, ZIG l10k; do do, coupon, 110 a lI9ys; do.
Avcs, 1851, registered lle4 lles; do. do, do,
coupon, 1l654 llGss.
RAILROAD
Railroad bonds were moderately good request At
-sAsrally Improved pricsa New jersey Central con-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-08-29
THE PRINTING CLOTHS MARKET.

PROVIDENCE. r. l.. August %. 1875
In view of the improved demand Tor prints sprague
mills this state Maine and Connecticut and tho print
works which been idle for several weeks viii up
The printing cloths market is quiet and firm
vious quotations.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-08-29
LOVE DEARER THAN LIFE.
CONTINUED FROM EIGHTH PAGE. !

Just the fond lovers stepped on the boat their
turn 10 this city they met by the stern gaze Of
the enraged parent The scene that ensued can be
better imagined than described The result OF the In
teryew was that Mr.. Hans perempiorily forbidden
ever again TO speak 10 the object Of his affections
while she taken away by her mother who loaded
her with abuse. This unhappy termination to a long
cherished dream drove the fair young girl to despera
on and caused her TO put end 10 existence that
now seemed worthless 10 her.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1876-08-29

$1,000, Us r-2or e5 ll4T $1,000 Us 52oc ct DO il7
iona $40 c. t3n BIO Ma loDuu u So s... ll6h
$4,000 do........bc lilH 1000 do........... IL =
$500 > $40, C, o7.. llTd4
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
The Next President.

The telegraph announces that the
Democratic National Convention last
evening nominated Governor SAM
UEL j. TILDEN of New York as the
Democracy's candidate for President.
In our opinion the Convention has Sc
lected the ablest and best man of the
array of able and good men who Were
candidates for the position. TILDEN
is statesman, and his public record
is without spot or blemish. As Gov
ernor of New York he has Inaugural
ted and successfully carried out re-
forms that have saved the people mill
lions of dollars. If he is elected Presi-
dent, as he undoubtedly will be, re-
trenchment and reform will be some-
thing more than campaign battle
cry. Principles will be acted upon,
not merely talked about. The st.
Louis Convention has performed its
work nobly and in spirit that prom
ises the reform the people so much
desire
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
THURSDAY, JUNE 20, 1876.
NEWS OF THE MORNING.

In the House yesterday Durham, from the
Committee on Mines and Mining, reported a
bill to amend the statutes concerning min
eral lands. 1t provides that when miner
has located claim and the Government has
delayed to issue patent for such land, the
miner shall not In the interim be required TO
do 500 worth Of work per year, as he is now
required to do. The bill was passed.
The President has referred to Congress the
whole question of the Extradition Treaty
with England. 1t is now decided that the
abrogation of the Webster-Ashburton treaty
shall be recommended, and that the position
of our Government in the Winslow case shall
be fully maintained in any future negotia-
tions for new treaty.
Miss Harriet Martin, the we'll known Eng
lish authoress, is dead.
The HeTald's Washington correspondent
thinks the Senate will yield on appropriation
bills.
The President has nominated Albert NJ.
Wyman, Treasurer OF the United States, vice
New, resigned, and William P. Titcomb, OF
Massachusetts, Assistant Register of the
Treasury.
Journals report that Blaine's friends are
alarmed about him, fearing softening of the
brain.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

THE energetic men who have so
long labored in developing the oil
mines of San Fernando are about to
reap the reward of their patience and
industry. A flowing well has been
struck within the last few days which
pours forth an average of fifty barrels
of oil per day. This oil is reported as
much lighter and of great deal finer
quality than that previously procured.
This is encouraging and gives promise
of q yield which will secure the for
tunes of those who have spent so much
time and money in prospecting these
mines. AS depth is attained conf
dence increases that the San Fernan-
do mountains will prove an Oil region
equalling in richness and quality
the best petroleum localities of Penn
sylvania. We congratulate our oil
men on the success which has reward
ed their efforts, and we hope they
may secure, not one, but fifty flowing
wells
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
A HypOcritical Platform.

Leading Republican journals are
deploring the weakness of number
of planks in the Cincinnati platform,
and mildly deprecating the vacillating
character of the whole structure.
The civil service plank is so palpably
weak that the intelligent members of
the party do not hesitate to express
the opinion that it is a mere subter-
fuge, promising but little and indicat-
ing that even that little will not be
performed. The truth is that the
party is only held together by the de-
sire for plunder, and an honest adher-
ence to strong civil service plank
would at once destroy the incentive
to be a member of the Republican
party. The convention understood
what was expected of it, and made a
pretense to do thing it we'll knew it
must not do. Civil service reform
will do for Republican leaders to talk
about, but it will never do for them
to practice it. The financial problem
is another of the issues the convention
was compelled to handle in hypo-
critical and sub rosa manner. The
Republican party is responsible for
the financial chaos in which the coun-
try is involved. 1t cannot therefore
condemn the system without admit
ting its own acts to be weak, If not
corrupt. 1t does not intend to remove
the difficulty, and consequently il
avoids positive promises and plans in
its platform, plank that means any.
thing or nothing at all. The Chinese
plank is the most rotten of all that &c
to make mp the rotten structure. II
is fragrant attempt to avoid the
issue, and asserts nothing save the
desire of the party to toady to capital
Taken as a whole, the Cincinnati
platform is string of glittering gen.
eralities, promising nothing yet de-
signed to deceive the people into tn,
belief that great reforms are proposed
where in fact none are intended,
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

HAYES, the Republican candidate
for President, is Governor of Ohio. He
was elected on popular theory
against very unpopular platform,
yet he barely escaped defeat-receiv-
ing but 5000 majority in a State
which gave in 1860 Republican ma
jority of 2l,O0O; in 1861 of $4,000; in
1868 of 100000; in 1864 of 10000; in
1868 of $4,000, and in 1872 of $4,000.
Yet this man, who we are assured is
such popular candidate, could only
carry the State when he had but a
rag-baby for an opponent by 5000 ma
jority. Such popularity will hardly
carry Mr.. HAYES to the White House.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
About Hotel Charges.

EDITOR HERALD:-My attention is
called to communication in this
mornings issue of the HERALD signed
by a man named II. w. Rose, who
complains of high charges. The facts
are simply these: Rose, wife and
child mot baby registered at this
hotel on Saturday, 6 P. NJ, and re-
mained until Sunday evening, making
a full day, at $3.50 each and $l.OO for
the child; total, $500, AS this man
pleaded poverty accepted $500.
SAMUEL G. HoUGH,
Proprietor Santa Monica Hotel.
Santa Monica, June q, 1875.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
s TO G K S !
Profits Guaranteed! I!
NO LOSSES.


Those who have made more losses
than profits heretofore may have an oppor-
tunity OF dealing In stocks with q certain ty
of profits never before offered.
We claim the system as
ORIGINAL.
From this date we propose to those who
Will invest sums ranging from 500 and up
wards in stock Privileges that we will re-
ceive their orders and guarantee them
profits and against any loss whatever,
no matter how high or low the market
will 90, from 500 TO 100000.
The higher the market goes, and the
larger the fluctuations, the greater the
profit To the customer and OurselE
We make our Interest identical with
Our customers. which is the opposite of
the old method.
To those who invest small sums ranging
under 500 we will sign contracts as close as
possible TO the market price, having reduced
eur distances from 20 TO SO per cent
These distances will be signed Tor 10, % or 30
DAYS, at the option of purchaser, and as laid
down in our circular. Circular sent to any
address free OF charge.
We charge 81 per share for 10 days
So for 20 days and S3 for 30 days.
We refer to our numerous customers, who
will be pleased to testify as TO our fair deal
ing.
ARCH'D b. MCCAW,
Stock Broker,Cor Temple and Spring Sts
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

SOME of the negroes of Louisiana be-
lieve that their liberty is not secure
until they kill all the white people
and appropriate their lands and other
effects to themselves. They have
commenced carrying out their idea of
freedom, and before they get through
with it, many of them will be free
from all earthly care.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

money. He did not want the resump-
tion act repealed.
At 4:30 P. NJ. the Tilden hard money
men carried the platform by vote OF
$50 to 259, upon which there was loud
cheering.
Mr.. Cox of New York took the floor
and insisted that under the rules the
delegates occupying the platform
should go TO the seats assigned them
on the floor. The Chair decided the
point we'll taken, and several dele
gates took the floor. One protested
against what he called application
law. Another asked for order.
Mr.. Wallace of Pennsylvania asked
leave for the Pennsylvania delegates
to retire for consultation. Granted.
Doolittle then moved to adjourn
and was heartily seconded by Eaton
of Kansas. Further discussion fol-
lowed and another motion to adjourn
made and lost. In the great excite
ment the vote on the striking out re-
suited in 220 majority against. The
question came upon the adoption of
the majority report with the following
result: Yeas, 651; noes, 53.
Abbott of New Jersey presented the
name of Gov. Joel Parker, and moved
him above all others. He could GER
tainly carry New Jersey and the
Union.
Senator Herman, amid great ap-
plause, presented Gov. Tilden. He
trusted to the judgment of the dele
gates. Swayed by nothing but love Of
their country, it was their duty TO look
f,, loe ,,f l., g
reform record. He was, in his judg-
ment, the man to insure victory, the
man who would inaugurate in the
federal government such reform as
had characterized the administrator
of the State government of New York.
Whiteley of Delaware nominated
Bayard of Delaware.
Col. Williams of Indiana nominated
Hendricks of Indiana, which was re-
ceived with prolonged cheers. He
made vigorous speech in favor of
Hendricks.
Clymer of Pennsylvania nominated
Hancock.
Ewing of Ohio nominated Allen.
Thurman of Ohio was placed in
nomination by delegate.
The first ballot by States was as fol-
lows: Alabama, Tilden 1S, Hendricks
5; Arkansas, Tilden u; California,
Tilden Il; Colorado, Hendricks 6;
Conn, Tilden u; Della, Bayard 6;
Fla, Tilden S; Ga., Tilden 5, Bayard
16, and Hancock l; Ills., Hendricks 90,
Tilden 10; Ind, Hendricks 30; Iowa,
Hendricks 6, Tilden IA, Hancock 20;
Kansas, Hendricks 10; KY, Tilden "a;
La, Tilden 5, Hancock 5, Bayard 20;
Maine, Tilden IA; Md. ,Tilden 10, Hen
bricks 3, Bayard 4; Miss, ,Tiden 6; Mo-,
Tilden 7, Hendricks 6; Nebraska,
Tilden 6; Michigan, lilden IA,
Hendricks s; Minnesota, Tilden 10;
Nevada, Tilden 8, Hendricks 3; New
Hampshire, Tilden 10; New Jersey,
Parker Is; New York, Tilden 20; N.
Carolina, Bayard 2, Hendricks IA,
Hancock 4, Tilden 8; Ohio, Alien A;
Oregon, Tilden 6; Penna., Hancock So;
S. Carolina, Tilden 14 Tenn, Hen
bricks "a; r. Island, Tilden s; Texas,
Tildon 10s. Hendricks q, Hancock 2,
Bayard l; w. Va, Tilden 10, Allen 10;
Virginia, Tild IN II, Hendricks |, Bay
ard 4; Wis, Tilden 10, Hendricks /
total Tilden 403.
AT the second ballot the whole vote
was 73S; necessary for choice, 1872
Tilden 534, Hancock SO, Hendricks 60,
Bayard II, Parker II, Allen 81, Thur
man 3.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

REPUBLICANS claim that HAYES is
in full sympathy with the spirit of re-
form. That's what they all say before
election, but once elected they are in
full sympathy with the thieves and
rascals who are robbing the people.
HAYES endorses GRANTS administra-
tion, and this shows how sincere is his
profession of sympathy with the spir-
it of reform.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
SAN Francisco News.

SAN FRANCISCO, June 2Sth.-A Chi
naman, member of the highbinders
gang, attempted to murder Mrs. f.
Milliman in this city yesterday for
having by her testimony helped to
convict another member of the gang
of burglary, for which he was sent to
the State Prison for five years. The
instrument used was a hatchet The
woman was chopped in the head and
arms, but will recover.
The steamer Australia, from Sgd
ney, arrived this afternoon, with dates
to June Cd.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS
CENTENNIAL ORDER NO. |.
GRAND MARsHALS OFFICE,
Los Angeles, June 9th, 1876


All societies Military and Civic,
Trades, Trades unions and private per-
SOUS intending TO take part in the
procession and ceremonies on the 4th
ofJuly 1876, are hereby invited to Per-
ticipate in the celebration at Los An
geles of the Centennial anniversary of
American Independence and are re-
quested to report to the Grand Mar
shal at their earliest convenience in
order that they may be assigned po-
sitions in the procession and at the
ceremonies.
1t is hoped and expected that the
people of Los Angeles city and county
will feel such interest and take such
action in the celebration of the Gen.
tenniaJ Fourth as will make the occa-
sion memorable in the annals of our
county, as well for the manner of the
celebration as the great event thereby
commemorated.
H. NJ. MITCHELL,
Grand Marshal.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

Among the shipments up to noon
yesterday at the p r r depot were II
dry hides and bales dry hides, from
w Kalischer q Co;S0 bales of meal and
AZ sacks of corn from Also Mills; As
sacks of barley and 4 crates of glue
stock from H Newmark & Co; IA cases
of honey from John Lieser; 26 cases of
honey from w T Clapp.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

1T is curious that the Republican
National platform demands an honest
management of the government, and
vet endorses GRANTS administration.
Is there no inconsistency in politics +?
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

Tie World notes terrific fight and
no foxfire about it, The fox stove his
paw through the cage, and the same
old coon on the other side tackled his
paw and nearly ate it Off All this at
Till Buns den, the Goth of June 1876
Mr.. Fox received surgical aid from
Mr.. Roberts and is now enjoying a
bandage and splints.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
Capital Saloon,
NO. 90 DOwNEY BLOCK.
GEO. r. FURMAN, Manager.
jun29-tf
The Rescued Fenian Prisoners.

- AND SOCIAL CLUB, held on Monday
evening, the 26th inst, il was unanimously
agreed that immediate steps should be taken
Pacific Coast to welcome in a becoming man
ner her EXILED C0UNTRYMEN FROM
BONDAGE.
After ten years Imprisonment and So uffer.
ing those brave men require rest and assist
ance and it is hoped every Irishmen and ev-
cry lover of liberty will generously contrib
ute TO the fund.
Messrs. Henry King, Charles Hagan and
John Kenealy were appointed "a committee
to receive and collect subscriptions.
Signed by the Secretary. jun29-lw
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
PACIFIC COAST.
For Los Angeles.

KEENs, June 2Sth.-The Tele-
graph Stage Oil time with the follow
ing passengers for Los Angeles =
IL w Bartler, Chas Olaena, HERNIA
Jacoby, w c Waller, NJ G Clio, G w
Sanford and wife, A Trayexsell and
Madam.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
Removal.

Messrs. Johannsen & Co. have removed
their large furniture warehouse from Ducom.
NUNS building to the building on Main St.,
near First. formerly occupied by L. Roeder
The public are invited to call at the new es-
tablishment and inspect the elegant LOT OF
goods on display which comprises everything
In the line of furniture and upholstery, from
pine table and bedroom suit TO an elegantly
carved parlor set. With largely increas ed
conveniences, and many new advantages,
Messrs. Johannsen & Co hope to keep pace
with fhe growth OF their business and give
their customers the best establishment of the
kind in the city
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

RICHARD H. DANA says BRIsTow
was the only man who could carry
Massachusetts. Then as BRIsTow is
out of the fight we may conclude that
no one will carry that State.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
San Francisco Rejoicing.

SAN FRANCISCO, June 2sth.-The
Democrats are jubilant and several
impromptu professions are parading
the streets cheering for Tilden, also
firing salutes.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
NEW ADVER EASEMENTS.
Dissolution Of Copartnership.

THE PARTNERSHIP HERETOFORE
] existing between II. s. Stanway and W.
w. Ross, In the practice of medicine and sur
gerry, was dissolved by MUTUAL CONSENT
on the LIST day of June, 1876. All accounts
due the late firm will be collected by Messrs
Kevane. Bettis q Co., who are authorized to
receipt for The same, and all bills against the
firm are to be presented to them.
7. IS. STAN WAY.
jeT I'm w. w. ROSS.
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
NEW TODAY.

1 OST.-sl0 REWARD.-An account book
- with leather back, about 3x6 inches and
containing papers and accounts of no use TO
anybody but the owner. II contained the
name OF S. E. Fancy. The above reward will
be paid for return of property to the Herald
Office. iun24-2ts
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
NOTICE.

r HE Board of Officers for the purchase Of
horses and mules for army use will be at
the Temple street stables June 26th and 9th
Parties having good horses or mules 10 dis
pose OF will pr : nt them for inspection.
The Board viii he at Monticello June 29th,
and at Santa barbara from July LIST TO July
5th. iun25 2t
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
Stockholders Annual Meeting.
OFFICE OF
Main Street and Agricultural Park
Railroad Company.

Los ANGELES, CAL, June 2Sth 1875.
kHoNDAY, JULY Sd. 1875, having by the
tNt Governor of California been declared
legal holiday, the second annual meeting of
the stockholders of the Main Street and Agri
cultural Park Railroad Company, heretofore
called to meet on that day, will, under the
provisions of the bylaws, be held on
Monday, July 24tb, 1875,
At the Office of the Secretary. Polls open
from IL o'clock M..till 3o'clock p. M.
CHAS. K. BEANIE. Sec'y,
jun29-td M. s. & A, p, r. r. Co,
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

A REPRESENTATIVE Republican
says TILDEN ought to be defeated be-
cause she persuaded his wife to ruin
BEECHER.u
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
Notice..

TNHE undersigned assignee of the creditors
l. of NJ. $. Hall, bankrupt, will sell at pub
lie auction on Saturday, July 10th, at 10
O'Clock A. M, at the auction house of Jones
Il Noyes, in the city of Los Angeles, Los An
geles county, California, all the liquors, to-
bacco. cigars groceries, hardware, stoves, tin
ware, and such other goods belonging to he
estate of said bankrupt not otherwise dis
posed Of TO the highest bidder for cash in u.
$. gold coin. Inventory and goods will he
open for inspection from and after July Sth,
at the above mentioned place of sale.
Four mules and about thirty head OF cattle
belonging to said estate. at private sale, at
Jacinto, San Diego county, California.
JACOB HAAS, Assignee,
BY +. A. Hoffman, his agent.
San Jacinto, June Goth, 1876. jun22-3w
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29
Latest kilograms.
Dispatches of American Press AssOcia-
tiOn by A. ~ p. Telegraph 90.

ESPECIAL TO THE HERALD I
Los Angeles daily herald., 1876-06-29

Advertisements Will be inserted in
this Department at Five Cents per
line.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1876-01-14

Or. JsynS's sanaasvs Pills are helpful
also, in Skin Diseases, and for what Is
known as "IHpu'ity Of the Dlood."
They may bo taken at all times with.
out danger, and while nsing them, you
may o&t and drink AZ usual.
Prepared only by tho Proprletors, DR..
u. JAYNE 4 Son, Philadelphia, and sold
by Crane & brigham, Wholesale Agents,
San Francisco, and by Druggists gene
rally.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1876-01-14
In wAsHINGroN.

BY private adviees from Washing
ington City we learn that our young
Congressman, Hon. L. F, Lane, is
working like beaver for orsgon's
interests, with hAttering show Of 90
comphshing considerable. Hon. j.
K. Luttrell, Of California, true to his
pledges made in Oregon last fall. is
standing shoulder to shoulder with
Mr.. Lane in everything that looks to
tho development Of our State. SEN
ator Kelly is pushing his Cascade
Locks Bill with all energy, and hopes
much from the encouraging pledges
Of other Senators.
There ore IN unusuaal number Of
lobbyists in attendance on the pres
ent session Of Congress. and they
are going after their own selfish
Gnhemss, with unusual portinacity.
Harvey Scott is there, trying to save
his official head which 0. n. Denny
is trying as hard to elevate on his
own triumphant pole. The two
Ben's Simpson and UnderwOod)
have learned their danger and are
buzzing around the Departments to
save their Pedros from being caught,
while Geo. L. Cole is making fran
tic efforts to hold on to his fat Port
land post office, but it is almost a
certainty that he will have to 'stsp
down and out" Take it all in all
those Radical Federal officials have
a pretty tough time Of it. II "un-
easy rests the head that wears q
crown" how much more uneasly
must rest the heads that are subject
TO the whims and caprices Of the
crown -wearer.