, 1876-02-23

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THE UNITED STATES JUDICIARY.
The passage in tho House Of Mr.. AlcCHARY's
JudicinrY bill by Tho close vote of 14:t to 132
In n snbtoct for general congratulation to all
litigants In the United States Courts. It will
undoubtedly pass tho Senate aud become n
inv, for tho Senate is a1roady on tho record
| rs favorable to tho relief md improvements
which tho bill IN intended 10 provide. Tho
bill Is really Republican measure, aud was
passed in tho House by solid Republican
voto with tho assistance OF the better Gle.
mcnts on the Democratic side. Tho principal
purpose Of tho bill il to rcliovo tho docket OF
the Supreme Court, which Ia now 60 1onded
down with business as to DO fully four years
behind; bnt, incidentally, tho bill furthor
! provides n,lch-nccdcd facilities in the lower
United States Courts.
Under this bill thero will be United
States Circuit Court wherever thero ia Dis.
trict Court, aitting at tho same times md
| places. This will create a number Of nd
ditionn1 Circuit Courts md materially dimin-
ish tho trouble, cost, md delay Of litigation
that aro unavoidable under tho present gys~
tom. A Court Of Appeals Is also established
in each Of tho nino judicial circuits, which is
composed Of tho Justice Of the Supreme
Court, to whom the circuit Is assigned, tho
Circuit Judge mud tho several District Judges
within tho circuit. This Court of Appeala
will have finM jurisdiction over nll writs Of
error and appeals in cascs where tho auu.
involved does not exceed $40, 900, so TINT tho
Supreme Court will not be numbered up with
/ .nH u1.$1n 1to$
the Supreme Court is tho chief end in view,
it is probable that this Court of Ap-
pcnlH will lead to somo reforms in
tho practice Of tho United 6tates Courts,
and relieve it Of some OF tho summary fen
tuscs Which now chasacterizo It, and which
have been retained probably because Of tho
impossibility Of getting decisions from tho
Supreme Court on technical points. II this
shall prove to be the ofloct Of tho bill, it will
receive tho approval Of the people evory-
where.
Not tho 1east bcnc1cia1 chango which tho
bill will produce is to 1oavo the United States
the more important Issues, involving inter-
protationa of the United States 1aws in their
constitutional bearings, constructions ot
troaties, and suits where large amounts Of
money arc to bo disposed Of, Tho now law
will probably add something to tho cost Of
tho judiciary department Of the Government,
~ 49, 1,aao.o;1 anat ~ ,;.;a..;.,s sna % 49, ~,
ro.;or - , a.on,,sa o,a.o5 ,,H H. 49, r.o,,,-. .n,
s sf,a;ant o1n,;n; str..inn af ;,at;na ~
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Tie proposition to erect 8 new building
for tho use Of tho Chicago Board of Trado ia
being very warmly discussed by both parties
to tho CONTROVERSY. It can scarcely be
otherwise. The matter involves very large
pecuniary considerations, which arc naturally
weighed and canyasscd by the parties inter-
cstcd. Tho roasons advanced in support Of
our columns. They are, in brief, that tho
present rooms aro too small, too high, and not
sufficiently well ventilated. Against these it
is urged TINT tho hoight Of tho floor above
tho street Is positive advantage, that tho
area Of tho floor can bo extended southwar3
rs for rs necessary. that proper ventilation
can be secured, and, further, that tho pro-
posed movement ia designed to unsottlo the
values OF property in that ueighborhood, OF
to disihtegrato the Board of Trado itself.
Tho lastnamcd arguments are Of public In.
terest. Tho others may be safely loft to the
organization referred to, which ought ia be
able to manage It's own business in its OWE
way. Tho parties who are organizing the
now movement would not probably proceed
to the erection OF now building unless aatis.
fed TINT it wns wanted by tho trade. It il
understood to bo their intention to obtain, Il
possible, pledges for sufficient amount oi
capital, md then to mako formal offor tt
tho Board Of Trade. Il tho offer DO accepted
tho bailding would be erccted,-not other.
wise. It is not at all probable ti1at tl1a sub
scribcrs would bo willing to permit tho OK,
nror,;xod M rotrrn Na;,hor ,yo,,sa tnaa
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