The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1876-10-01

over opposition.
In Part II. OF the book, which trelts Of the
human mind Spinoza follows out the prn 'ipes
laid down In Part L.. and decl ires (CJrollary to
Poo Xl) that " the hIn IN mad Il part OF the
Infinite intellect OF God; so that when we say
III II the human mini perceives this or thu we
say nothing else than that GOI--not 81 far rs lie
Is the Infinite, but so far lie IA manifested by
the mind Of man or so far as II constitutes the
essence OF the human min his this or that
idea" Again, no asserts prop. XLvI1D "In
the mind there absolute or free will, but
the mind Is determined t. Will this or that by
cause which IL determined 10y another cause,
this by vet another, md on to inllnity." II IA
useless to deny that both these propositions
clash with the teachings Of consciousness and
require vigorous effort OF the understanding
to be even comprehended. IL there IS anything
which we eau be certain of, 1t IS our separate
ideutity, and our en- ire freedom to do Or not to
DO things as we choose. This however Spinozi
declares to be a falacy, and labOrs strenuOusly
to show that It Is. Equally diflicdlt OF lmissiOn
Is his doctrine prop. VII. Scholium) tDat
thinking substance ana extended substance
are one aud the same substance watch is COM
pretended now under tho one attribute and
now under the other" from whence he con-
cludes suOseq entity that mind and body
one and the same thing. In his point Of view
this may tie an Inevitable result Of logic, but II
sounds oddly IN contr st with the almost uni
VERBALLY received opinion That the mind and
body are of Inherent natures aud different
organiza ions.
= IT ILL.,. on the origin and nature OF the az
fections, u tho lest interesting OF the whole
book. As Spinlzl says himself, he discusses
human actions ami appetites precisely is II tue
question were concerning lines pl mes, and
solids How dry and re lulsive such method Of
trea ms the subject must be, uceds no elucida-
ton. tits ike describing the feeli igs " lover
10y the aid Of the lculus. or reducing the con-
duct of an angry man to GeOmeirical curve.
Still IL nuat be conceded that Spinoki displays
rare ability IN carrying out his . an, ana Is al
ways .,nsistcnt with his postilaie. that mind
aud body ar, jentic Il, and thit the order AMI
connection II things are the same Ia one as Ia
the other.
The purpose OF Part ". is set forth by Spi-
noz - hiuself thus
Human impotence IN noderatlng and rcstr,lnns az
fecuols can very F1r man slhms.iye p h,
be =. ",1 90 I'M, .ed Il, pnr-ne me Nor.e coni.r
it11usnhcs e tue lett,r Ia tas part prom 20
80 IA AID eva which tle affections possess
And he proceeds to d aue what he means bs
good and evil, and perfection aud impcrGcc-
| ton
.,...-. =.
ti wh.ca w.. ces,in SiSs IT, = int.ini - anicn
49, n., spproacn rai a. latl ., auhit i,r. HI,I
hunters 1' from r,'chins that standard re'ace We
iaorc or .e.. approacn tai. sianj-ri'
In conformity with these principles, and with
those OF tho preceding part. namely. that the
affection, are t. be reg 'rdcd in the Hight of
""'r l'I0''' nc p'o''e's 10 sn'" '"'' Vt"
! tue Is "o''lehce'" 'he u'Vta'eS VI io"s""' AZ"
/ us oppp9Ne ul-reS'ru % '"e'h' TOT III ~ u
a. "e' i've 'r''h tue H''u"''e ~ 'e"''"' J." ="
i'r 'nly Il" the' aiwN' necessarily "ete' win
nature uF'p' NAAN' II ny hh'u'e DC
| UNDERTOOK 'ne dl'ine w u or us'hs' ~ one
VIII o' 'h'lneu !" u'9P"'e 'n'' 'sse'"'n II -
| quite pam mat Ill Inc e'll III the world moral
| a. wen Us p"N-lc h arises IT 'ln men "c''nf
! contrary ID ine origin" "r-e' "' 're "''' anu
| tnh' lle hr-' step toward virtue contests l'
! le'rnlN. "NA- ia IL o'der Is VINO '"e 7r'o"u Is
| cum 'IN'p B." ''' in'a s''"9 , ne "u' y '.'''-
Una" '' 'N'' III VIM "' SUI" u '''' N-N' - ~
ne .Npfe'ne 90 o' 'h' "n''' is '"e ',s IT,
ton oil TOD ana Tue supreme N"'N' oil '"e
"lnd - co-u'@' "ou'
The same subject Is treated further and more
fllv u Part V. On the gov ar OF iie int llcc. or
on hlingn ir edom. In this >piuozl undert kes
"t) show how IN .ch ana wa empire reason
! poss 's-e- over the 10 c.ions in restraining and
Z moder iins them Ills main idei is thtt We
should cnleYor % contemol te orr emotions
as objects oi thought. ami to form distinct con.
/ cepiions Of them. A. soon rs we can do thi-
he SAYS. they cease 70 b' passions ard com un
/ der our control. He recommends also, to lay
down certain prec pts for the conduct Of oar
lives. 10 commit those 90 memory. and to ap ly
,o5 t''', o No ',. r a, ,s' oa, ~. t 1s
of r...,,o,ont cn,..i, tt,v me-. Atom n, rona,,,-