Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1876-11-01


tors milk and butter, and they did eat" They
were not, possibly, "gilt-edged, but II good
enough to set before angels, must have been su-
perior to much butter made at this day.
Mr. willard sail he had been invited 70 address
theassociation upon American Dairying, which
~ a specially was less than century old In
Europe, dairying has history dating back to the
sixteenth century but previous to 1900, very little
more than crude methods Of butter and cheese
making were practiced in the United States.
Most farmers, in those days, kept stock Of
horned cattle-animals raised for beef, for work.
ing oxen, with cows for breeding and for pro-
ducing milk, butter and cheese to supply home
wants
Under the head Of "Thc oldest dairy districts
in America" Mr. willard gave a short history Of
Elder John Lelands great cheese, for the in
ception Of which we are indebted to the exciting
/ political times Of 1900 Mr. Adams and Mr. jeHer-
son being the candidates. Elder Leland was u
/ great power in the little town Of Cheshire, situ
ated among the middle hills Of Massachusetts,, and
! he preached such stirring Jeffersonan democracy
to the people Of Cheshire, that for generations
they never voted anything but straight demo-
/ cratic ticket" Under these circumstances, II was
no wonder that the big cheese was q success,
when the conditions are considered. " Every man
and woman who owned COW was to bring to q
certain cder-mll, on a given day, every quart Of
milk produced or all the curd 1t would make"
/ No federal COW was allowed 10 contribute The
speakers account Of the gathering Of the people
and manufacture Of the cheese, also parson lie
lands journey with it to Washington and tho pre-
sentation to President jefferson, was very inter
esting The cheese weighed one thonsand six
hundred pounds
/ MIR Willard stated that a few years preyious TO
| this memorable event, New England farmer a
/ young man with eight silver shillines in his
1 pocket an axe on his shoulder, and two Stout
arms to swing IT, as his stock in trade crossed
the Hudson aud settled in the Mohawk Valley,
| the " Gateway Of the Continent" lie was the
| first that began darying in Ilerl,imer. lie then
/ gave account Of the rise and progress Of the
dairy interest, the mighty giant that Is now stalk
| ing over the continent. dottng the land with
/ countless herds. In 1872 the daiics Of William
/ Ferris Samuel Carpenter, Nathan Salisbury and
/ Isaac Smith numbered about forty cows each
and were regarded as extraordinarily large. In
/ lS2G the business began 10 spread into countits
I adjoining Ilerk,mer The implements at this
/ time were crude, consisting simply Of tubs,
wooden curd-knives, presses and packed in rough
casks. The principal buyers previous to 1926
/ were William Ferris and Robert Nesbitt, Of Mas
sachusetts. Their style Of doing business was
/ that Of impressing nferiority and buying cheap
In 1926 Henry Burrill, Of lIerkimer, engaged in
/ the business Of cheese-huying and became the
chief dealer in Central New York This gentle
man was the first to open the cheese trade with
( England and made the first venture about 1890
or 1852 at the suggestion Of the late Erastus
4 Corning, Of Albany Ills first shipment to Phila-
delphia was 10 1898. Mr. Buuill is still in the
trade although nearly eighty years Of age, aud
has shipped cheese abroad every year during the
past fifty years-hs shipments thi. year tls76l
being about one thousand boxes per month. lie
has amused a colossal fortune Formerly Canada
was a large purchaser Of United States dairy pro-
ducts, but now they produce from Thirty million
to forty million pounds annually.
| Under head Of Progress of the export ade,
Mr. Willard saws In 1878 the export trade was
fifteen million pounds that the whole production
in the United States that year was one hundred
/ million pounds The price was six cents to sivand
/ three-ionrth- cents
| In 1862 the butter product of the country was
about FIVE hundred million pounds Of which
/ exported Thirty million pounds To-day our an
uuh product is about one billion pounds aud We
export scarcely any thing.
The speaker alluded To the cheese factories and
and creameres Of the country, and gave an inter
esting account Of their establishment and progress
The Dairymen'- Associations OF the several states
received recognition; also allusion was made To
those Of other countries the speaker claiming that
1 the idea and movement was purely American, yet
he admits that we have no scientists who can
compare with Or Noeecker of London To pfo-
/ fessor Caldwell, OF Cornell University, Is due the
credit Of first eXpounding scientific dairying TO
/ American farmers
Our best cheese j. now made in all its essential
! principles the same as that originated in Somer-
setshre and which has been IN practice for more
than a century at the foot Of the Mendiss Hills
lie refened 10 the various theories and said
The lesson which we, As dairymen, are learning,
| is difference between speculative theories aud
sound practice We have originated improved al'-
pliancer to make and perfected methods Of curing
and pressing cheese-the cooling and aeraton
Of milk for its better flavor and condition is ours
Mr. Foster, Of Oneida, y Y, was the first to dis
cover that decaying vegetable or animal matter
would taiut milk while breathed by the COW in
the pasture The late Gail Borden, Of White
Plains was the first to condense milk, and Jesse
Williams to perfect the invention Mr. Slaughter,
of Orange county, n. Y, was the first to adopt
the association system in butter-making-tH
Swedes and Danes the first nations abroad to
adopt the American idea Of butter factories In
closing the claims of American Investigators the
speaker would mention DIR. Stnrtevant, of Massa-
chusetts and DR. II. A. Mott, of New York city
In conclusion, Mr. Willard said: Commits
siouer Wells, in 1869, estimated the products of
the dairy in the United States at four hundred
million dollars per annum. The annual product
to-day Is not far from six hundred million dollars
He thought the New York batter and cheese ex-
changes estimate of the butter crop at one billion
four hundred million pounds, at thirty cents per
pound--four hundred and twenty million dollars
too high, but that it could not be far from one
billion pounds per annum The address closed
with a sketch OF the markets and market system
of the country, which regret our space does not
permit of publication in full.
The treasurers report showed that the gross
receipts of the society during the past ar had
been three hundred and nine dollars and fifty
cents, from which was to be deducted all ex-
penses, compensation to officers, as well as ex-
penses Of the address this eyening-a sufficiently
meagre exhibit It must be acknowledged.
Mr. Bliss explained after Mr. Wilards address
his connection with the Centennial Dairy Exhi-
bition at Philadelphia, which he denounced, in no
measured terms, as an Infamous swindle, in place
Of, what it should be- a creditable exhibition.
lie laid the blame at the doors OF incompetent
and corrupt officials of the exhibit, and ende'v-
ored to make plain the causes of the failure it
has proved
ENCOURAGING STATISTICS. The author OF one
of the papers in the newly-issued report Of the
State Board of Agriculture, taking the census re-
turns of Vermont Michigan Indiana, Wisconsin,
2 Minnesota, Iowa aud Kansas, makes some inter
esng comparisons. 1t seems that the value of
the real and personal property of each individual