The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-10-06
NVHANOHVISy WV ~
SOME PHILOSOPHY.

Correspondence Of the Star.
WASHINGTON, Oct. A.
SOME PHILOSOPHY.
No two thinkers upon any subject. Of
interest to humanity ever think ex-
actly alike. There are no more fac
SMILES intellectually than there are
physically; and, In the one case, as in
the other, there are as many variances
as there are individuals. Precisely,
therefore, in proportion to the number of
thinkers will be the number of opinions.
Released from exterior influences and
left TO the indepe ndent direction Of his
own faculties, and every NAM way Of
thinking-tbs medium through which he
Econtemplates the factors of his problem
lis, in a supreme measure, determined
by his temperament: his natural balance
Of character. An intellectually perfect
human being would be one whose men,
tai equ illbrium is absolute. or such,
there is no evidence that any have ex-
listed; though this proposition is one
that the admirers of Deacon Richard
Smith and Prof. e. d. Mansfield might
feel themselves disposed to dispute.
TWO HUMAN CATEGoRIEs.
The fact, however, that humanity in
clines upon almost all matters of inter-
est to divide itself into two classes or
sections indicates that there are two
natural categories, temperaments, states
Of imperfect equilibrium, within the one
or the other of which all mankind are
included. II this were not the case, such
anarchy of opinion would prevail as
would render an agreement upon any
subject impossible. These two tempera-
ments may. for convenience, be charac-
terized as the realistic and the idealistic /;
the distinctions between the two, in
their purest. manifestations, being that
while the former knows things only as
they come within the cognizance of the
senses, the latter fails to discriminate
between its own subjective conceptions
and objective realities, To one OF these
classes oil observers, the world is very
different thing from that which it is to
the other; and hence, while each has its
own system of phil0s Jphy, The aXioms OF
each are fallaciesi in tue light of the
other; and the systems, respectively,
starting from the same point, travel in
opposite directions, SO that, il the par
ticies of humanity were not bound to-
gether by common material nature,
common interests and appetites and
mutual necessities, their antagonisms
would be SO intense and SO inefadicable
as to render society and even existence
impracticable. ..t
EVERY MAN A PHILOSOPHER.
Now, every man has in him, ether
or not he be aware of the fact, in u
greater or less degree Of purity, the
predicates of one OF the other of these
stems OF ideas. In short, every man
lis by instinct a philosopher; and, con-
sciuus or unconscious, his instinct i'm.
|lpeis him in the direction Of his afiec-
l,iions. 1t is because like-it may not
know how 1t does it-srayitates to like,
that secls and orders anu sodalities and
lIparties come into existence. There is
llevery where, intuitiye1y or intellectually,
Ia reference TO some basal principle or
liked ingredient OF the character, which
creates the tendency toward and sup
|iplies the bond of association. There are
livery few who speculate. voluntarily,
|iupon the origin of being, the compliments
|iof the universe, the source Of life, the
validity ol the testimony OF the senses
For the reality or unreality OF material
EeXislences; nevertheless, either as an
innate property or as an inherited ten
dency,, tirese problems, IT'S old as human-
lily, are present in their sequences and
supply the clements force which botn
tlirarfs and i'm nntS
TWO THEORIES OF GOVERNMENT.
From these two opposite systems OF
| phiIosc phy naturally spring two oppo-
| site theories of government. To a
PHILOSOPHY which begins by denying
The existence, oil a ma.erlal world, or
which ignores the difference between
things and ideas, one Thing is appropri-
ate; to aaphiiesophy whicn afiirms the
existence OF a material world, ana con-
ceiyes It's phenomena as under the oper-
alton OF laws that are inherent In its
constitution, another. The reaiist con-
siders phenomena with view to discus
sion and applies the laws by which they
are directed to the circumstances. The
idealist considers the circumstances,
with a view, by means of positive regula-
| tions TO bring them into conformity with
bis n0tions of right or utility. Inc one
seeks only to assist nature and to em-
ploy it's forces for a beneficial purpose
the other aspireS to Operrule nature and
| to reconstruct the universe upon a plan
| ol his own contrivance.
PUBLIC ECONOMY THEORIES.
| In that province of human affairs
wherein the economy of the State is in
contact with that of the people. the diff.
ference between the sequences OF these
al. \ N..x~ l.. n.