Wilmington journal., 1875-05-21

stock was subscribed, and the amonnt
was again added up and was yet too
small
The champagne was again resorted
to and this time the required amount
was obtained ard the charter was Sc
cured.
Thus began the great work of inter
nal Improvement in the Old North
State.
Aud here, gentlemen of the Press
Association, said Col Fremont, upon
the sard- hills OF Wilmington, with a
pcp0 alton Of 1900 inhabitants and
with an individual subscription of
2lUG, ,O00-being more than the
assessed value of the whole
real estate at that time-these men
of that day, and may We not say
| OF better day, undertook the great
work of constructing a railway line
16U miles long across the entire State
from the South to the North through
the piney woods to the Roanoke.
Their example has been referred to
| thousands of miles away. Says Gov
| ernor Stevens, of Washington Terri
t"ry, at meeting at Puget's Sound in
1858, after relating the above. added:
Did the world ever see such piece
OF 9Dapu6ence? 4 little town down
upon tae seashore OF North Carolina,
with population of 1000 souls and a
property valuation of S400, ,00G, under
take to build Railroad 160 miles
long through a poor plney woods
country without population. But their
i'npudence became a success, though
| it took them three years to accom-
plish 1t-they never faite,'ed."
The names of the e men, the pro-
| jectors, the first President and the
| Directors deserve to be engraven upon
gold and placed high upon the walls of
| the capitol. The names OF Dudly,
| Dickinson, Lazarus, Meares, CowaD,
| Wright and others will never be for
| COTTON when works of State improve
ment find friends. They not only put
| their money in (many of them at the
rate of $4,000 each and none less
than $1,000 but they worked for its
| success, leut their credit and their
| time, and worked out result SO great
| that it has been as it were a beacon
ig ht to guide all vino come after in
he gre at work of improving the State
This was, as said by Maj. Eugel-
hard, the longest railway at tnat time
that had been constructed under one
charter. Imperial Russia was the first
to build a longer railway. And now,
said Col. Fremont, what was
accomplished for our State in build
ing the grea, line North can be done
| by their successors In building a
/ greater liue to the West. Let the
! State by Der Comm .ssiOners begin the
good work. and let the people every
where come to the rescue and finish
! it, uniting the Seaboard and the
Mountains, and the country far beyond
the mountains?
In conclusion, Col. Fremont gave
The People of the West and the
East-may they become more and
more united in the great work of So
cial interest and material prosperity. !"
After several hours spent Ia an in
spection of the works and social en-
joyment, the party returned to the
city. arriving before night.
For the benefit of the curious in
such things we give some Information
of the process of manufacturing Ma
vassa Guano, as stated by Col.
Gratf1In, Superintendent of the works.
The Navassa Phosphate, which is
the base of Navassa Guano,i is obtained
from Navassa Island, IN the Caribbean
Sea. The deposits were found in
1856 by Capt. L. K, Cooper, of Balti-
more, and they originate, like those Of
the Pacific. from the droppings of the
ser birds, ard also from the accumu-
lat!ou OF the bones of those birds and
CrLer animals, under circumstances
f,.vorable to their slow decom position.
The guano differs from the Peruvian
III the absCDc. of ammUniacal salts,
which are replaced IN the Navassa by
phOsphoric acid, forming phosphstes,
with lime and some alumnia aud salts.
PhU>phOrIc acid Is one of the most I'M
portant agents 80 vegetable life, more
uGi>prnslble even tLan ammonia, which
may be supplied TO a certain extent by
atmo phtr'c agencies, whereas the
Fhosplroric acid once exhausted must
be replaced artificially. These phos-
plates contain, III a dry state, 50 per
cent. OF bone phosphate OF lime, be
ing among the very richest known
phosphates. The mode Of manufac-
ture here Is, In the first place to crush
the phosphate by means of "Blake
Crusher." 1t is then thoroughly dried
in au "Adt Cylinder Drier," after
which it is ground to a -four by French
Burr stones. Ii is now ready for the
mixing room, where it is ammoniated
by mixture with at least ten differ
ent ingredients, viz: ground hoofs and
horns, animal matter, azotin, blood
matter OF two kinds, sulphate OF am
monia, sulphate of soda, nitrate
of soda, genuine Leopold nall
kairit composed Of potash and
magnesia) aud sulphuric acid,
which latter renders the phosphate
soluble. All these ingredients are now
accurately weighed and placed in
machine called mixer, where they
are thoroughly mixed and rendered
homogeneous. The next process is to
stack the guano and let it dry by its
own heat, in other words by chemical
action; after which it is passed through
a machine called the Disintegrator,
which reduces it to very fine powder,
aud it is now bagged and stored for
shipment. This Company manufac-
lures its own sulphuric acid. Tie
Chamber for the purpose is OF the ca
pacity of 100, 900 cubic feet. The acid
is produced from the fumes of sulphur
and nitre, condensed within the leaden
chambers by moist steam, and the
chamber turns out enough acid for
the manufacture OF 1000 tons Of guano |
per month.
The standard of this Navassa Guapo !
is well attested by the fact that during i
the dullest season the demand exceeds |
the manufacturing capacity. The |
facilities controlled by the Company |
for procuring martial of all kinds, are !
equal and perhaps superior to those of |
any Fertilizer Company in the United |