davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
Curious Numerical Relations.

The length of solar year is 365.242
days. Singularly enough, the length
of degree of longitude at the equator
as taken from tine printed geodetical
tables of the British ordnance survey
is 365.234 feet; so that, if the length of
a degree at the equator be divided by
the number of days i'm the year, it will
give one thousand feet, or, more ex-
actly, 999.977, which would give the
foot within one thousandth part of an
inch, quantity which cannot be seen
or distinguished by the ordinary means.
Again. the length of a degree of lati-
tude at the central point of the British
Islands, is-singularly enough-found
to be 3G5.242 feet, and the length of a
degree of latitude, measured on that
parallel, divided by the number of days
in the year, gives exactly one thousand
feet.
There is, of course, no possible con-
nection between the number of days in
a year and the number of feet i'm a de-
gree of latitude or longitude. Never
theless, after lapse of a few thousand
years, the scientific traveller from New
may pay the British the same
i'm turn, which some Eng
lish scientific travellers have paid the
Egyptians, and attribute TO scientific
that which is simply curl
Gus accidental agreement in numbers.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
How Thunder showers Come Up.

In order To convey more dehnite
idea of our theory, we will choose a GER
tain locality which may serve the pur-
pose of a diagram to our demonstration :
and this locality shall be the region of
Westfield River. This river takes its
rise among the forests near the summit
of the Green Mountains, at a height of
some 1000 feet above the level of the
sea, and flowing southeasterly forty or
fifty miles, empties into the Connecticut
River about ten miles from the southern
boundary of the State.
During hot summer day the sides OF
the deep valley of this river I'LL with
intense heat, and cause How of moist
air upward towards the summit of the
mountain ridge, from the valley of the
Connecticut, and also from the sea. This
moist air, meeting with the general cur
rent from the southwest, piles up an
immense mass of cumulous cloud, of
many square miles in extent. So long
as this great heat lasts the cloud increases
i'm size; grows black and blaeker with
its dense vapor, and casts a gloomy,
lurid glare over the face of nature,
darker than that of any eclipse. The
yapOr, pushed up by the ascending cur
rents of heated air, attains TO great
height above the sea, where the temper
ature is very low. But finally, ut that
hour of the afternoon when the heat be-
gins to decline, the accumulated vapors,
no longer augmented or sustained by
heated air from the valleys below, fall in
rain.-P0pulttr Science Monthly.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
Italian Mobiles.

Except in the maritime republics the
army, idle and unwarlike as it was in
most cases, continued to be one of the
three careers open to the younger sons
of good family; the civil service and
the church were the other two. In
Genoa, mobiles had engaged in commerce
with equal honor and profit; nearly
every argosy that sailed to or from the
port of Venice belonged to some lordly
speculator; but in Milan a noble who
descendedRo trade lost his nobility by
a law not abrogated till the time of
Charles ". The mobiles had, therefore
nothing to do. They could not go into
business; if they entered the army it
was not to fight; the civil service, was
of course, actually performed by subor-
dinates, there were not cures for half
the priests, and there grew up that old,
petite rabble of abbati, priests without
cures, sometimes attached to noble fam
lilies as chaplains, sometimes devoting
TO literature or science,
sometimes leading lives of mere leisure
and fashion; they were mostly of pie
beian origin when they did anything at
all besides paying court to the ladies.
Ir Milan the mobiles were exempt
from many taxes paid by the plebeians;
they had separate courts Of law, with
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
syrian SalutatfOns.

The Arabic idioms and customs must
always appear very peculiar to stran-
gers. When Syrian gentleman meets
a friend they strike the tops of their
fingers together, then with a waive to-
wards the ground touch them TO breast
and forehead; one asks the other, 'How
is your honor's case?" His honor re-
spends, MAY your life be preserved :"
or MAY God preserve your Then
follow questions as to the health of the
family, ''HOw is your house?" If the
question is to an inferior the answer is,
They kiss your honor's hands" If to
an equal the same as to the inquiry after
ones health. If one person wishes to
inquire after the health of another's
wife, he must speak of her as ''the
daughter of your uncle" it being a
shame to make use of the word wife.
To welcome a stranger to their house
the people say ''they count you as one
of their kindred and hope your path
may be smooth" At leaving a house
the host says. ''You have honored u.s."
and the guest replies, "We have been
honored" When the house is Jewish
the host remarks at intervals during the
call, 1.-The blessing has come down ~
The expression of thanks is always,
May your riches increaset'
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

You can see, any day, in the streets
of anv CITY. men who look damaged'
Men. too. of good original maferiai,
Who started out i'm life with generous
aspirations. Once it was said they were
bright promising lads; once they looked
happily into the faces ofmothers, whose
daily breath was prayer Ior 'heiI
purity and peace. All! what II some oil
them have vowed their souls away 10 con-
fiding wives, who silently wonder what
can be the meaning of this change-tne
cold, slow-creeping shadow that Is
coming over the house and heart. =.
Going to the bad. The spell OF evii
companionship; the willingness to hoid
and use money not honestly gained; !;
the stealthy, seductive, plausible ad-
vance of the appetite for strong drink;
the treacherous fascination of the gam
ing table: the gradual loss of interest
i'm business and doings which build a
man up: the rapid weakening Of all
noble purposes; the decay of maniiness;
the recklessness and blasphemy against
fate; the sullen despair of ever break
ing the chains of evil habit. What vic
tories of shame and contempt, what
harvests of hell, have grown from such
seed as thisl Sheer, if you will like
fool, at the suggestion OF reform,
morals, religion. Every man knows,
in his better moods, that all there Is OF
true life is personal virtue and recti.
tude of character. Going to the bad.
But there is hope. Earth and heaven
are full of hands ever reaching to help
the lost man back to the better way.
All the good there is in the universe is
i'm sympathy with that little goodness
which inwardly reproves and protests.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
Advertising by the Aneients.

The Romans largely advertised pri-
vate as well as public matters, and by
writing As well as by word of mouth.
They had their preeoReS or criers, who
not only had their public duties, but
announced the time, place and condi-
tions OF sales, and cried things lost.
Hawkers cried their own goods. Thus,
Cicero speaks of one who cried figs !:
Cdmeas eldmtdbdt (he cried out figs y
But the Romans also advertised, in n
stricter sense of the term, by writing.
The bills were called JJeli, and were
used for advertising sales of estates of
abseonding debtors, and for things lost
or found. The advertisements We're
often written on tablets, which were
affixed to pillars. On the walls of Pom
peii have been discovered various adj
vertisements. There will be a dedica-
tiOn, or formal opening of certain baths.
The company attending are promised
slaughter of wild beasts, athletic games,
perfumed sprinkling, and awnings to
keep off the sun. One other mode of
public announcement employed by the
Romans should be mentioned, and that
was by signs suspended OF painted on
the wall. Thus, suspended shield
served as the sign of tavern; and
nuisances were prohibited by paint
ing OF two serpents-
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

Colonel Long, i'm the service of the
Khedive of Egypt, an American raised
TO the rank of Pacha, has been travelling
officially in the savage country south of
Upper Egypt. He gives an amusing
description of the Wadia Kingdom, of
whose inhabitants he has brought sew
eral specimens to Paris, with the pur-
pose of taking them to the United
States as curiosities. Although they
are not "Anthropophagi and men whose
heads do grow beneath their shoulders, :"
they are men that "do each other eat. :"
Their King is hedged in with pecu-
liar African divinity. His mother must
be of the blood royal. He must himself
be immaculate, and free from all defect
of body or mind. lie must eat and
drink in solitary grandeur, and never
touch beer, of which his subjects are
very fond. lie must abide by his word
at all cost. If, in his wrath, he says he
will butcher and eat one of his 800
wives, he must fulfil his oath. His
drinking water is brought by women
under guard, from wells covered with
cloth, to prevent the effects of malig-
nant magic.
lie carries the Koran in his hand,
wears a crown and has an umbrella of
ostrich feathers spread over him. His
courtiers crawl on all fours when they
approach him. When he dies his eldest
son succeeds, but the eyes of all the
other sons are put out. His army of
10000 Infantry and {, zoo cavalry neces-
states heavy taxes.
The King gets eight out of ten of all
fish caught. He gets every three wears
10000 pounds of ivory, 10000 cattle,
5000 camels, 1000 slaves, all the horses
not needed for breeding, and any guam
tity of skins, honey, rice, feathers, but
ter, salt, mats, etc.
Murder is punishable with death.
unless the murderer is able to pay a fine
of a hundred horses, and a hundred
camels.
Theft is punishable with fine, but the
third offence with death, when the
culprit is executed in the favorite Mus
sulman manner by strangling, or is
impaled on a sharp pole. The nobility
have the privilege of being shot for
crime.
Only 200 of the Kings troops know
how TO use muskets, of which he has
4 900. The King goes to battle with
the two wings of his army on either
side, and when defeated, instead of re-
firing he sits down upon the ground
and waits to be killed by his enemy.
In pursuit of commerce, and with the
help of a railroad now in process of
it is to be hoped that the
Egyptians may conquer and tame the
King of Wadai and his savage people.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

We drove for an hour along the
southern bank of Salt Lake, famed by
the breath of its sea air, and looking
over its waste of waters dotted with
mountain islands. 1t required but little
Imagination to transport ourselves to the
shores of the Atlantic, for extending as
it does ninety miles to the north, no
land could be seen beyond the line of
the clearly defined horizon. Some years
ago steamboat of three hundred tons
was built for freight and passenger
traffic, in connection with the Union and
Central Pacific roads; but her fair pros
poets were ruined by the construction of
the Utah Central, and she now lies at
the wharf, her only value being her aid
in making our imaginary ocean seem
more real. How this great basin Of salt
water came to be deposited in the inte-
rior of the continent has been a study
for geographers and naturalists. The
water is so densely saline that it is i'm
possible for a body TO find the bottom.
IL is a capital place to acquire the art
of swimming with perfect safety. In
former times three barrels of water left
to evaporate would produce one barrel
of salt; but the freshening within the
last twenty years has so weakened it
that now four barrels of it are required
to obtain that quantity. 1t has become
fresh, therefore, in proportion of some
what more than one per cent. yearly.
Hence it follows that in less than one
hundred years the name of Great salt
Lake should be changed; for by this
time it Will, like MormoDism, be cleared
of all its impurities. 1 have previously
noticed the regular water lines, called
benches, which are so distinctly defined
on all the mountain ranges surrounding
these various valleys, and which afford
such unmistakable evidence that in
former days they enclosed vast inland
seas. The deep alkaline soil of the
bottoms has led TO the supposition that
these seas were of salt water, and that
all of them excepting this have been
completely evapOrated, Salt Lake being
the sole survivor, and that being des-
tined to dwindle to a puddle and then
to dry up for ever. But the last part of
this theory is negatived by the evident
intention of the lake to assume some |
what of its original proportions; while |
1t is becoming fresher, il is growing |
larger. Within the twenty-seven years |
that the country around it has been |
settled, it has enroached all along its |
low banks nearly mile upon the land |
and deepened five feet. Several fine |
farms are now permanently under water,
and the road on which we travelled has |
been moved far inward to accommodate |
its aggressiveness. AT the same time |
that this change is going on, atmosphe-
ric causes for part of it are apparent. |
The climate is becoming more mild, al
though it is still excessively dry. But |
each succeeding season brings greater
This has doubled within |
twelve years.-Gdld6g.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

judges of their own order, before whom
a plaintiff appeared with what hope of
justice can be imagined. Yet they
were not oppressive; they were at
worst only insolent to their Interiors,
and they commonly used them with the
gentleness which an Italian can hardly
fail in. There were many ties of kind
ness between the classes, the memory
of favors and services between master
and servant, and landlord and tenant,
In relations which then lasted lifetime
and even for generations. In Venice,
where it was one of the high privileges
Of the patrician to spit from his box in
the theatre upon the heads of the peo-
pie in the pit, the familiar bond of
patron and client so endeared the old
republican mobiles to the populace that
the Venetian poor of this day, who
know them only by tradition, still la
ment them. But, on the whole, men
have found it at Venice, as elsewhere,
better not to be spit upon, even by an
affectionate nobility.
The patricians were luxurious every
where. In Rome they built splendid
palaces; in Milan they gave gorgeous
dinners. Goldoni, I'm his charming me-
moirs, tells us that the Milanese Of his
time never met anywhere without talk
ing of eating, and they did eat upon all
possible occasions-public, domestic
and religious. Throughout Italy they
have vet the nickname of lupi lombardi
Lombard wolves) which their good ap-
petites won them. The mobiles of that
gay old Milan were very hospitable,
easy of access and full of invitations for
the stranger. A French writer found
their cooking delicate and estimable as
that of his own nation, but he adds that
many of these friendly, well-dining
aristocrats had not good ton. One can
think of them at our distance of time
and place with kindness which ltal-
ian critics, especially those Of the bitter
period of struggle about the middle OF
this century, do not affect. Emiliani-
Giudici, for example, does not, when
he calls them and their order, through
out Italy an aristocratic leprosy. He
assures us that the time of that long
peace, ''the moral degradation of what
the French call the great world was the
inveterate habit of centuries; the mobiles
wallowed i'm their filth untouched by
remorse; the eye of decent man, be-
holding the ridiculous and immoral
scenes of their daily life, must turn
away in horror;" and he presently
speaks of them as "gilded swine. vain
of the glOries of their blazons which
they dragged through the mire of their
vices. From the Atlantic.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
Two Sunsets I'm One Day.

One of the finest sights Professor
Stiner, the aronaut, says that the best
he ever saw, was the view he had of two
sunsets, while on his balloon trip from
Milwaukee. He was at a certain alti-
tude the first time when he saw the
sun go down on Lake Michigan, and
then descended TO the waters of the
lake. Afterward he commenced rising
very rapidly, and soon reached such an
altitude that the fiery orb again began
to rise, apparently upon the Western
waters, and ere long he was once more
in sunlight. Then, as he descended
again, the sun sunk beneath the waters
a second time, thus affording two sun
set views in a single day. The profess
sor says, as the sun appeared to rise
second time, it was one of the finest
visions he ever witnessed, and the spec
taele was one of the most magnificent
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
WHAT NIGHT BIZ DONE
BY CHARLES MAcKAY.


What might be done il men were wise
What glorious deeds, my suffering brother
Would they unite
In love and right
And cease their scorn Of one another
Oppression's heart might be imbued
With kindling drops Of loving kindness;
And knowledge pour
From shore to shore,
Light on the eyes Of mental blindness
All slavery, warfare, lies and wrongs
All vice and crime might die together;
And wine and corn,
To each man born.
Be free az warmth in summer weather.
The meanest wretch thst ever trod,
The deepest sunk in guilt and sorrow,
Might stand erect
In self-respect
And share the teeming world tomorrow.
What might be done? This might be done.
And more than this, my suffering brother
More than the tongue
Fer said or sung
II men were wise and loved each other.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15
Recipe for . Bonnet ala Mode.

First procure a large-sized shape
then butter it well, so as to adhere
firmly to the extreme back of the head.
Cover it with silk or some light mate
rial, and kick it for mile, taking care
to keep it clean during this process.
Then take of flowers, feathers, and
ribbon each quarter of a pound, and
mix all well together. Add birds, in
sects, fern-leaves, or grass, according to
taste. (If the butter be not sufficiently
adhesive, try tulle strings and cobbler's
waX.)
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

DySPCRSh8s
Dyspepsia is the most perplexIng of
all human ailments. Its symptoms are
almost infinite in their variety, and the
fOrlorn and Respondent victims of the
disease often fancy themselves the
prey, in turn, of every known malady.
This is due, in part, to the close SYM
pathy which exists between the stOm
ach and the brain, and in part also to
the fact that any disturbance of the
digestive function necessarily disorders
the liver, the bowels and the nervous
system, and effects. to some extent, the
quality of the blood
f. +. Kunkers Bitter Wine of Iron
a sure cure. This is not a new prepar-
alton, to be tried and found wanting;
it has been prescribed daily for many
years in the practice OF eminent physI-
clans with unparalleled success; it is
not expected or intended to cure all
the diseases to which the human family
is subject. but is warranted to cure
Dyspepsia in its most obstinate form.
kunkers Bitter Wine of Iron never
fails to cure symptoms of Dyspepsia or
loss of appetite, wind and rising of the
food, dryness of the mouth, heartburn,
distensiOn of the stomach and bowels,
constipation, headache, dizziness, sleep
lessness and low spirits. Try the great
remedy and be convinced of its merits.
Get the genuine. Take only Kunkers,
which is put only in 81 bottles. Depot,
259 North Ninth Street. Philadelphia.
For sale by all Druggists and dealers
everywhere.
TAPEwoRM REMOVED ALrvE.-Head
and all complete, in two hours. No fee
till head passes. Seat, Pin and Stom-
ach Worms removed by DIR. KUNKEL,
259 n. NINTH STREET. Advice free.
Come, see over 1000 specimens and be
convinced. He never fails.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

A NeW Cement "A French chemistre-
Gently succeeded in preparinga mineral
compound, which is to be superior to
hydraulic lime for uniting stone and
resisting the action of water. 1t be-
comes as hard as stone, is unchangable
by the air, and is proof against the ac-
ton of acids. 1t is made by mixing to-
gether 10 lbs. sulphur and AZ lbs. pull
verized stOneware and glass I; this mix
ture is exposed to a gentle heat, which
melts the sulphur, Ond then the mass
is stirred until it becomes thoroughly
homogeneous, when it is run into
mods allowed to cool. 1t melts at
about 24S deg. Fah., and may be re-
employed without loss of any its quail
tiles, whenever it is desirable to change
the form of the apparatus, by melting
at gentle heat. and operating as with
asphlate. At 800 deg. Fab, it becomes
as hard as stone, ,and preserves its solid
ity in boiling water.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

Stored Water Crosses. -Water-cresses
are very delicious stewed. They should
be placed in strong salt and water to
free them from insects, after which
they should be carefully picked over.
the water drained off, and then put into
= stewpan with a lump of butter and a
little salt and pepper; few minutes
will suffice to render the cress quite
tender. A little vinegar may be added
just before serving, but this must be
according to taste.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

AdrdRces in Photogrdphy.-In a re-
view of recent discoveries in phOtOgra-
ply, MeldOla states that since the year
1S42,whe Becquerel photographed the
whole solar spectrum, and DIR. Draper
the violet, blue, and ultra red, no sue
cessful attempts have been made to
photograph the red end of the spectrum.
Becquerefs result was obtained by a
film of silver iOdide first exposed to
diffused light, and then to the action of
the spectrum, by which processes he
was able to photograph the entire spec
trum from the ultra violet to the ultra
red. During the past year DIR. NOgel
has demonstrated that, by vanishing
the ordinary bromide of silver plates
with dye of coraline, we get the maxi
mum of photographers action in the indi-
go and the yellow; and by using ami
line green the maximum of activity in
the indigo and red. Becquerel has also
dissolved cOraline in the iOdized COLO
dion film, and obtained similar results.
The most remarkable action was OBJ
served in the case of chlOrophyll. by
the use of which a spectrum image of
great length was obtained from the ul-
ira violet to the green, with a weaker
impression from the green to the red.
these observations in con-
nectiOn with what has more recently
been published by LOckyer, we find
every reason to announce, as prOba-
bic law, that the optical observation of
the bands of any chemical show the ac-
tive rays for that chemical and that,
therefore, by proper selection of dyes
a sensitive plate may be prepared es-
pecially adapted to any or to all opera
tiOns on the spectrum.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-09-15

Your Orn Mason Small holes ia
white walls can be easily repaired with
out sending for the mason. Equal parts
of plaster of Paris and white sand
such as is used in most families fol
securing purpOses-mix with water
to a paste. applied Immediately and
smOOthed with knife or fiat piece OF
wood, will make the broken place as
good as new. As the mixture hardens
very quickly, it is best to prepare but a
small quantity at a time.