Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-02-04
Industrial.

Ill mas Deen discovered IN fdTlS IQdJ
spirits of turpentine is very effective in
removing the offensive odor and fatty
carnations of bones or ivory, while it
also leaves the latter materials beauti-
fully bleached. The best result is Sc
cured by exposing the articles in the
fluid for three or four days in the sun, or
little longer If in the shade, allowing
them also to rest upon strips of zinc so as
to be fraction of an inch above the bot
tom of the glass vessel employed. The
turpentine acts as an oxidizing agent
and the product of the combustion is an
acid liquor which sinks to the bottom
and strongly attacks the bones if these
be allowed to touch it. 1t is also ascer-
tanned that this peculiar action of the
turpentine is not confined exclusively to
bones and ivory but extends likewise to
wood of various kinds, especially beech,
maple, elm and cork.
The use of naphtha has become quite
general in Scotland in lamp called the
foundry lamp, and which it is claimed
possesses some special advantages for
this purpose over other similar devices
1t consists Of chamber supplied with
the naphtha and having nozzle or jet for
directing blast of air through it. The
chamber is covered with bell withssa
large hole in the top OF it. When the
naphtha is lighted and the bell put upon
it the blast of air forces the vapor of the
burning naphtha through the hole in the
top of the bell and thus produces an
enormously large volume of flame, the
light being equal to that of at least a
dozen gas-jets and the cost of it is said
to be very small indeed. On account of
its powerful flame and comparatively
slight expense it is very generally used
in the foundries, the shipyards and other
large workshops of Scotland.
One of the most curious as well as
useful instruments of its kind, and to
which the name of chronograph has very
appropriately been given, is clock which
carries large cylinder upon which is
wound band of paper, pen being SO ar
ranged that it traces continuous line
upon this paper, in the form of the
thread OF screw, but which every sec
ond is pulled little to one side by an
electro-m magnet connected with the OBJ
servatory clock, and thus keeps perfect
uffAfdo OF the time. This magnet is also
by depressing which near the observer,
the pen to one side. At the insfadyaw
sees a star cross the spider-line of his
telescope he presses the key, the pen is
drawn aside, and thus the observation il
recorded. He has only to note the time
within minute, and then on examining
the paper the exact second Is found, and
from this determinations of longitude or
time can be made
lin the economy of trade and manu-
features there is nothing more interest
ing than the prevention of waste, or the
discovery of way by which the waste
material may be turned to profitable use.
A remarkable instance in point has re-
Gently been given in the chemical jour
nails. In the manufacture of the beauti-
full blue and violet dyes that make silken
textures so attractive there has always
been produced large quantity of dark
colored substance, or gum-in some ami
line dye works the accumulation of this
refuse amounting to hundreds of tons,
and proving grievous burden. Lately,
however, il has been discovered that, by
the process which chemists describe as
destructive distillation, blue and violet
dyes, quite as good as those extracted in
the first instance. can be got out of this
gum; and so, as If by magic, the hideous
heaps so long lying on the outskirts of
many OF the chemical establishments in
England and on the Continent have be-
come very valuable, and enterprising
chemists arc reaping the reward.