davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

One who is experienced in lnterpre-
ting the ways of God to man consoles
us for the loss of the fruit crop by the
unprecedented cold snap, with the
assurance that "a partial evil is a
universal good" and that what the
people think to be a calamity is a
blessing in disguise. 1t will be found,
we are told, that this cold weather so
late in the spring was sent to kill off
the grasshoppers in Kansas and the
Colorado bugs throughoutthe country,
and to rid US of other vermin. This
cheerful view of the matter should
put an end to grumbling, and enable
us to forego the luxuries of the season
without murmur-Cincinnati Com.
mercial.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28
The Fifty Cent Store,

Have just received and are now Offering 80
doZ. Is pin Extension Hat Racks for Soc;
100 doz Picture Frames from SC. to $1-the
cheapest in the city; 10 Handkerchiefs for
Soc; set Glass "A pieces) for 50ci Box az
cakes) Soap for Soc, cheap for 81; Vases from
DC. to 81 each; Glass Pitchers for Soc; Toll
let Sets for 81, worth 81 SO; large Lamp,
complete, for 81, sold for 81; Dolls from &c. to
81; 100 doz Lamp Chimneys &C. each.
Brackets, Towel Racks, etc. In the city. A
choice variety of Jewelrv, Notions, etc. Call
and see us. 52-3m JAS. MULFORD.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

THE REPUBLICAN PL ATFORM.
The following is the platform adopt
ed by the convention. It contains
all that the real needs Of our city de-
mand:
Resolved. That no new engage
ments should be entered into by the
City Council which will require an
increase of the debt of the city, or a
large expenditure of money, until the
present indebtedness is more largely
reduced.
That we favor the application of all
the funds at present in the Treasury,
which can be spared from necessary
expenditures, to q further reduction
of the city debt
That we favor a reduction of taxes
the present year, the reduction to
cOntine. from year to year, until the
taxes shall not exceed one per cent,
beyond which they should not be per-
mitted to rise.
That this Convention is in favor of
rigid economy in the administration
of the city government.
That we endorse the action of the
present School Board in accounting
to the city for the interest received on
school fund money.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28
r H. NORTON.
BOOTS AND SHOES

You can save 20 per cent. by buying your
Boots and Shoes of j. NJ. Williams & Co.,
29S Main street, Big Boot Upside Down,
Richmond, Indiana.
Rubber Boots and Shoes repaired on
short notice. % 3m.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28


One of the meanest acts ever perpc.
trated Was the change of the postal
laws, made by the last Congress at the
instance and for the benefit of the
express companies, for the purpose OF
excluding merchandise from the
mails, which has the incidental effect
of doubling the charges upon tran
sient newspapers, magazines, pam
phlets, and miscellaneous literature.
The postage upon this sort of matter
is made so oppressive that its circula-
ton will be much reduced, and there
will probably be loss OF revenue.
A paper in southern Illinois regrets
that it went to press lone day too
early to record the death Of John
Bates" This is not quite as cool as
the paper which said: Just as We
are going to press, John Smith is be-
ing run over by the cars"
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

Mrs. Frank Moulton is native OF
Goshen, Indiana.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28
ROSS BROS,
Newspaper Advertising Agency,
No. 3 North Fifth Street.
RICHMOND, IND.

We are special agents for the following
newspapers:
"Heraid,' - Liberty, Indiana
"EisitOr," Hagerstown, Indiana.
palladium" Richmond, Indiana.
Tribune, Cambridge City, Indiana.
Journal, Winchester, Indiana.
journal" Greenvilie, Ohio.
"Register," Eaton, Ohio.
Our advertising friends will remember
that q large proportion of the readers Of
these papers can be reached in no other
way than through this list SIT
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

RICHMOND, IND, April "a, 1875.
DIR. JAMES F. HIBBERD:
DEAR SIR-On behalf Of the Re-
publican City Executive Committee,
who for the time being have the inter
est of the Republican party in keep
ing and having The general interest
and prosperity of our growing city in
view, desire to know your views up
on the question herein named.
Since your nomination tor the May
crafty of this city, some parties have
been circulating reports intended to
oil this city. Permit me to state the
ask you to furnish me with such an
swers thereto. that no one may be lett
in doubt as to your real sentiments in
regard to them 1t has been report
cd:
LIST. That you accepted the nomi-
nation for Mayor, only on condition
that Police Court should be organ
lied and the city put to the additional
expense of paying the new Judges
SALARY.
End. That you are in league with
the railroad authorities to give up to
them certain bonds before they have
fulfilled their obligations to the city,
or have any just claim to them.
3rd. That if elected you are pledged
to use your influence to release the
railroad parties from their obligation
to build shops in this city.
4th. That you are in favor of an
extravagant administration OF city af-
fairs, and would not be disposed to
insist on rigid economy in spending
the city funds, but would favor ex-
renditurcs Of money for unnecessary
improvements and enterprise, rather
than to use available means in the
treasury to reduce the city debt.
I shall be glad to have your reply
at your earliest convenience.
Very respectfully, &c,
A A. CURME,
Chm'n Republican Elk. Com.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

In reponse to a request from Mr..
Smart. the Superintendent of Public
Instruction, Attorney-G General Bus
kirk gives it as his opinion that the
money obtained in each county for
licenses to sell intoxicating liquors
should be added by the respective
county auditors to the amount of rev.
enue for tuition apportioned by the
department of public instruction to
each county and distributed to the
various school corporations within
the county. This will require county
auditors to dispose of the revenue re-
ceived from liquor licenses in precise
ly the same manner as they dispose OF
the Congressional school revenue.
except where the Congressional school
revenue of any township is very large.
Indianapolis Journal.
We don't like this. 1t is hard
enough that town should bear the
annoyance and crime which comes
directly from a large number of sa-
looms when it gets the entire benefit
of the revenue from licenses. But
the application Of such funds to town
ships that do not furnish any part of
the revenues is unjust The revenue
from licenses should be given to the
schools OF the townships producing 1t.
Cambridge Tribune.
At New Orleans, on the 23d, the
steamers, Exporter" Kyle and
"Bodman," were burnt. their entire
contents destroyed, and from twenty
to fifty persons lost their lives. The
fire first took place in the Kyle and
the Bodman and Exporter, caught
from contact with it.
The Exporter was owned by James
Reese ST., of Pittsburg, and valued at
S45, 600. The John Kyle was owned
by Capt. John Kyle and p. S. and
W. f. Davidson, and valued at $780,
600 The Charles Bodman was owned
by Capt. o. +. Shinkle and others of
Cincinnati. and valued at 5000.
All are supposed to have been insur-
ed in Western Offices.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

Mayor.
DR.. JAMES f. HIBBERD.
City Clerk.
CYRUS o. CLARK.
Treasurer.
WILLIAM P. WILSON.
Assessor,
JAMES M. HAYS.
Marshal,
LOUIS o. SHOWER.
COUDcllmen.
LIST Ward, (No nomination.
I'd " George Bishop.
Sd !" Ezra Nye.
4th !" (No nomination.)
5th !" w. l. Dulin.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28

WE warrent every pair of boots and shoes
cold to give entire satisfaction. We
sell good goods oh>aner than the cheapest.
Boots and Sooes made to OIue.-
Gents fancy sewed Boots and SnOess to
measure. Frank Taylor,
No. 200 Main streSt,
Richmond Ind.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28
NEEDLES.

J. H. Stinson No. q North Fifth street,
Richmond, Ind dealer in all kinds OF Sew
ing Machine Needles and Attachments.
Best Spring Steel Needles, IL for % cents,
for 50 cents, for 25 cents. Needles sent by
mail to any address upon receipt of price.
52-3m.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28
RICHMOND, April %, 1875.
LEWIS d. STUBS, }
n. w. BRIGGS, Officers, &c
BENZ. STARR,

GENTLEMEN To-day 1 have re-
celved your communication announc-
ing that the Republican city conven-
ton nominated me to their fellow
citizens, az a candidate for Mayor of
the city at the ensuing election.
| accept the nomination.
/ beg to assure you of my sense of
the honor conferred on me by the
convention, of which yoa were the
officers, In rendering me the nemiRa-
ton, and L beg further to say to you,
and through you to the public, that if
the voters of the city of Richmond
approve the choice made BY the con-
vention, that they-have my promise
that shall exert the best energies of
my mind and body to promote the
general welfare of the city, and the
highest interest of it's citizens, Ia ev-
cry way compatible with honor, truth
and justice.
Your letter Of announcement con-
tains certain resolutions that were
unanimously passed by the conven-
ton which nominated me. These
resolutions suggest rules of action for
the city authorities, that meet my ap-
probation; they are such as should
guide any set of men who may admin
lister the city government. Certainly
they shall be my guide if it please the
people of the city of Richmond to
ratify the nomination made on the
10Th of April, by electing me Mayor
on the 4th Of May.
With highest consideration 1 re-
main truly, &C.,
JAS. F. HIBBERD.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1875-04-28
MICHIGAN LUMBER YARD.

Shingles Lath, sash, Doors, Blinds,
Mouldings, Flooring and Siding. Noble st.
foot of Eighth street, Richmond, Indiana.
Lock box 1889. All kinds of shop Work
promptly furnished. Having a Saw Mill
in Michigan, we are prepared to I'LL orders
for Long Stuff on short notice. 52-Sm.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

sistance Of cane, but was unable to
utter a sound. Improvement has
been gradual ever since, till now he
walks with scarcely perces,ible
limp in his right leg. He can pick
up a pin from the palm Of his at
tendant's hand with the thumb and
forefngcr Of his right hand, when
looking at the object, but if he turns
away his head he cannot distinguish
the pin from a fold of skin. He can
not whistle, but has no trouble in
ejecting saliva from his mouth in q
straight line; has perfect control of
the muscles of the eye-balls and eye-
lids; the tongue is detected to the
paralyz zed side; all the senses are
normal. The speech of this man is
limited TO the one word "Yes,"
which he ar,iculates distinctly, but
in whisper. His intelligence ap-
pears to be perfect; be exhibits good
humor and vivacity, enjoys = joke.
and laughs heartily but insudibly.
A quick nod of the head is an affirms-
tive answer; shake, negative.
He writes his name "William Up
degr-, but shakes his head and
cannot finish it. He writes the ini-
tial letter of his residence, 5. (Sycs-
more) but no more, and can distin.
gulsh letters in an alphabetical order
from those which are not. He sleeps
well. has good appetite and digests
his food well, but the physicians at
the Rush Medical College. where he
has been under treatment for some
months, haven't quite made up their
minds whether he is ever going to
get well
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

to dissipate the dullness OF the dead
days between court time aud court
time. He says: 81 practiccd law in
the State for considerable period,
attending the courts of several coun.
ties, and strong as the statement may
seem to dwellers in less lawless com.
munities, l never knew single
court day to pass which was not
marked in my memory by the occur
ence OF at least one shooting afirav.
Sometimes there were more than half
= dozen of these affairs. Upon the
smallest provocation pistols were
drawn, even in the crowd at the
court house door, snd straightway
the firing begun. Usually a shoot
ing affray resulted only in the giving
of bond to keep the peace. If
matters went further, and the cul-
prits were lodged in Jail, one of two
things were pretty sure to happen; !;
either his friends would surround the
Jail at night aud forcibly release him,
or else the friends of the victim
would take him out and hang him
somewhere in the woods Mr..
Eggleston thinks the great mass of
people in tina, region ''need civiliza-
tion," to be taught respect for law,
the value of order-in a word TO be
lifted out of their present state Of
semi barbarism.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
The Nose.

William Updegraf is a farmer,
aged 40, and lived at Sycamore, Ill.
Two years ago q reaping machine
got out Of order, and he took it to a
blacksmith for repairs. While di-
recting the work and STOPPING to a
horizontal position, watching the pro-
gress Of bolt which the smith was
driving into hole, he was suddenly
struck upon the bridge Of the nose
by the end Of the bolt, which was un-
expectedly driven through by an
unusually powerful blow of the sledge.
OF course he was knocked down, but
he soon recovered himself, his nose
meanwhile bleeding copiously. Soon
af,erward he became drowsy and
slept for half an hour. Upon being
awakened he rode home, three miles,
attended to his ordinary duties, tha,
afternoon and evening, smoked his
pipe as usual, ate heartily at supper
and went TO bed. Just before day.
light his wife was awakened by his
sterterous breathing, and found him
unconscious. A physician came
His condition was then one Of com
plete unconsciousness, of which hi
subsequently, recollected nothing
On the right side mobility and sensi
bility were completely lost. H,
face was drawn to the left, and de
glut'tion was accomplished onl,
when food was placed upon the roo
of the tongue. Two weeks after
ward, consciousness returned, an'
after six weeks he was able to walk
dragging his right leg, with the as
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

The other day colored resident of
Vicksburg found bottle of whisky
in the suburbs of the city, and halt.
Ing pedestrian he inquired
OATS whisky, amt it,"
"Smells like It, and guess it is"
WAS the reply.
And dere sin't no pizen in it,"
Well, there may bel can't tell;
shou ldn't want 10 drink it,"
"If there was pizen I'd be u dead
nigger, eh::"
!" You would
And if dere wasn't any pizen.Pd
be wastin' pint Of good whisky?'
Yes"
The finder turned the bottle over
and over, smelled the contents, three
or four times, and finally made ready
to drink, saying:
Dere's heaps Of pizen lying
around loose, but dere's heaps oh
niggers in Vicksburg, an ize gwine
to tip up de bottle an run de chan.
ces!"
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

They had quite an exciting time
up in Fowlervilae, Michigan, the
other night. Ole Bull was adver.
tised for grand concert, and the
hall was jammed with oil the best
clothes in the town. When "Ole"
appeared, after considerable delay,
he appeared to be . much younger
looking man than most of the audi.
ence remembered him. He also ap-
pesred to be very much drunken
than he was on the occasion of his
former appearance in Fowlerville.
And when he sat down on . chair
and took an old yellow fiddle out of
. pasteboard box, and keeping noisy
time with one heel, began playing
"Shake her down, SAL the audience
became aware that some base i'm.
poster had given them away, aud
they rose to their feet with loud cries
for "eggs." And they bounced the
vio!inist and wore him out.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
Condition Of the South.

George Cary Eggleston, South
ern man, an ex-Confederate, and .
resident for considerable period in
Mississippi, gives in recent article
an explanation Of the recent Missis-
sippi troubles. He sums all up in a
word and says '',here has been III
Mississippi since the war too much
idleness, too much bad whisky, too
much pistol and too little law"
There are too many men who have
nothing to do, and no way in which
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

The sun Of life has crossed the line,
The summer-shine Of heightened light.
Faded and failed-till where stand.
'Tls equal day and equal night.
One after one, as dwindling hours,
Youths glowing hopes have dropped ava!
And soon may barely leave the CLEAN
That coldly scores = winters day.
am not young, am not cid;
The flush Of morn, the sunset calm,
Paling and deepening, each to each,
Meet midway with a solemn charm.
One side see the summer fields,
Not yet disrobed Of all their green
While westerly, along the hills,
Flame the first tints Of frosty sheen.
All! middle point where cloud and storm
Make battle-ground Of this my life
Where, even-matched, the night and day
Wage round me their September strife.
1 bow me to the threatening gale,
Iknow, when that is everpast.
Among the peaceful harvest days,
An Indian summer comes at last.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

He sat on one side the room in a
big while-oak rocking .chatr. She on
the other side in little white-oa
rocking chair. A long.eared deer
hound swapping at flies was by his
side; basket of sewing by hers.
Both rock incessantly-that is the
young people-not the dog and bask-
ct. He sighs heavily and looks out
the west window at Grape myrtle
tree; she sighs lightly and gazes out
the east window-at turnip patch.
At last be remarks:
This is mighty good weather to
pick cotton"
"'Tis that-if we only had any to
pick"
The rocking continues.
"What's your dogs name p
Cooney."
Another sigh-broken stiffness.
"What is he good for?'
What's who good for?' said he
abs,ractedly.
Your dog, Cooney."
Fur ketchin' 'possum."
Silence Of half an hour
'' He looks like deer dog"
"Who looks like deer dog?'
"Cooney."
He is-but he's kinder bellowsed
an gittin' old an slow now. An he
amt no count on a cold trail"
In the quiet ten minutes that en-
sued she took two stitches in her
quilt; it was gorgeous affair, that
quilt was made by the pattern called
Rose of Sharon" she is very par
ticular about the nomenclature of her
quilts, and frequently walks fifteen
miles 20 get new pattern with a
" real putty name"
Your ma raisin' many chickings?
"Forty-odd."
Then more rocking, and somehow,
after awhile The big rocking chair
and the little ga. Y ,h.'r were
jammed side by side. | don't know
how it happened 1t might have
been caused by some peculiarity in
the floor, or by the natural magnetic
attraction,o ,one chair had for The other,
bu, strange to say, the basket of
work had followed the little chair |!
and the little chair had travelled as
fas, as the big one. Cooney had not
moved; he lay in the same place
sound asleep, and he was talking in
his slec that is given faint, irregu-
lar barks at the possums he beheld
in his dreams. After awhile the con-
versation is resumed.
How many has your ma got:"
How many what"
Chickens
Nigh on to ;,u,ired. "
By this time the chars are SO close
tose her that rocking is impossible.
The minks has eat most all ours"
Then a long silence reigns. At
lasr he observes
Maxim quilts"
"Yes,' she replies, Frightening up
j" I've just fni shed "Roarin Eagul
Of Brazeel,' a. Sitting Sun, and
Nations Pride Have you ever saw
the Yellow Rose %, the Parary:'
No"
More silence, then he says:
"Do YOU like cabbage:
do that
Presently his hand is accijen,ly
placed on hers. She does not know
it; at least. does not seem to be
aware of it. Then, after half hour
spent in signs, coughing, and clear
ing of throats, he suddenly says:
"l'se great a-mind to bite you"
What you great a-mind to bite
me tur!'
"Kase you won't have me-"
"Kase you amt axed me-
Swell, now | ak you"
Then now, ! has you
The Cooney dreams he hears a
sound Of kissing.
The next day the young man goes
to Tigerville after marriage license.
"Wednesday the following week. No
cards.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

go away" said Mugsins, you can't
stuff sich nonsense In me. Six feet In
his boots! Bahl No man as liyes
stands more nor two feet In his boots.
and NO use talking bout 1t. Might o.
well tell me the man had six heads U
his hat."
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

II. G. Coz, Chairman.
MoRKAU CARROLL, Auditor.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
a3asfs#E3 TIPTON. IOWA. OCTOBER 49, 1875

file and presented to the Board to be
audited at this session, and recon
mend the same be allowed, discount
ed or rejected AS specified in the
followipy list
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
Boarding House.

MR.. c. e. RIDER has refitted aud fur
Nl ntshed his house. east OF the Court
Square. and Is now prepared to accommo-
date boarders with good rooms and hoard
on reasonable terms.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
COUNTY SUPERVISORY.

Proceedings Of the Board Of Su.
llerVisOrs, october session,
1875.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
=. ENSIGN. M. H..

PHYSICIAN 4 SURGEON, TIrroN, Iowa
Having had thirty years ex peri ence
Or. f. hopes to give satisfaction in all cases
entrusted to his care. Office, al residence
two blocks east OF Court square. Isti
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
Conyevancer.
4. Il, FLEMING.

rDSNFYANGFR,w VIII attend promptly ta
~ all kinds Of fConyeyanctng; Wi ! a.eI4
land sold for taxes, aud give special atfen-
tion To tic examination of land titles ami
furnishing oi Abstracts Office with Clerk
oi district and Circuit coart. s
t.eters 10 Plat Carr. Hon VIM. II Tut
WIN. H. Van SeSs nierx. aud Hon Sviva-
nus Yates. I.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
CT. CHAMBERS. N. II

PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, has prac-
/ ticed twenty -fve years in this vicinity,
and need only ask continuance Of the pub
liccon fidence hitherto shown.
Office in City Drug Store. Residence on
Cedar ST., opposite Reformed church, Upton,
iowa. v20nI
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
Physicians.
GEO. s. FOCHT. NJ. y,

= -
So Residence on the SECOND bloch s.gas
~ tia. Palmer House. Office over City brua
s. Dre.
C1IAS. II. HUNT.
PHYSICIAN A SURGEON, Stanwood
i Iowa
0ffice in the City Drug store. istf
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
ss..t7ss WOLF,
Dentist.

NOTARY PUBLIC and Insurance Agent
~ West Branch. Iowa. 8S
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
IN y. srIaAE. RUSH CLARK low
Upton. WM J. HApDocK, Cit,
JOHN ". NElMAN
AND
CLARK 4 HADDOCk,
e. CIRCUIT.

DEAL ESTATE and BROKERAGE Agent
Ii Durant, Iowa. Attends parS0naffv
and promptly To the b1ving aud setting oi
real estate on eomnis.ion. renting house
and farms. Best references given
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28

4 TTORNEY AT LAW and Notary Public
:. n Wilton. Iowa. viii practice in aii the
Courts OF Cedar county. Particular a'ten-
ton given to Probate basineSs. Y2ln9
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1875-10-28
Justices.
JOHN s. TUTsrELI..

JUSTICE OF THE PEACE, NOTARY Pun.
y Tic ms, rance Agent. and Conveyancer
hf'fce = ith the County Recnrderin In the coasi
otse. rinfan. Iowa. Ian. isf as. nfvISs