davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1875-08-25
WAsHINGToN y LEE UNIVERSITY,

W Lexington, Va.
The next session of this Institution viii com
mence on the THIRD THURSDAY G6th) Of
SEPTEMBER, 1875, and continue wthou: IN
PERMISSION, until the fourth Thursday in June,
1876. The instruction embraces thorough CLAS-
SlCAL, LIT h 4 A RY and SCIENTIFIC
COU RISES, together with the professional de-
partments of LAW and ENGIN hERING
The entire expenses for the session of nine
months need not exceed $500 or $40, according
to the price of bosrd. Arrangements are alsc
m'de for messing, by which students may re-
duee their expenses to $500 per session.
For further particulars address
9. W. G. LEE, President, or
WILLIAM DOLD, Crk of Faculty.
Lexington, Va jy 21-eoln
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1875-08-25

pRESERVING SUGARS for sale low by
L aug Is j. q. u E. MILBURN.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1875-08-25
EUEGATIO.E1L.
MISS POWELLS SELECT SCHOD
VA FOR YOUNG LADIES.
Corner Washington and Duke strccts

AIeXandra, Va.
The next session of this School will Commence
on WEDN ESDAY, the 22i of September
Pupils carefully and thoroughly instructed in
the English branches, French and Latin
Terms Board and tuition in English and
FRENCH Sl55 per half session tuition in English
and French S32 per half session-in advance.
Circulars can be obtained at Frenchs Book
Store, or on application to Miss Powell at her
residence, corner Washington and Duke streets.
AUG 23-eotO1
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1875-08-25
COMM ERCIAL.

Viewed from commercial standpoint per
maps the most cheering feature of the past week
has been the setback which the recent speculs
ton IN our chief articles of production and ex-
port has apparently received, as evidenced BY
very general decline in prices, since, az we have
frequently maintained, it is of the first import
ance to the general welfare Of the country that
Inc large surplus from past seasons, as we'll rs
from the incoming crops (Which now seem to be
not much, if any, short of an sverage) should
md ready market abroad and not be held
here al prices which proven. its export. 1t may
os remembe red that at the very commencement
OF the recent rapid and large sdvayc e in the
price OF wheat We deprecated the movement as
one likely to be fraught with evil for, if the
movement as we believed it to De, was simply
the result OF com bination to bull the grain
nlaiiSeI, favored oy fortunate circumstances or
accidents, the inevitable result must be COL
lapse IN prices, TO be followed by subsequent
slow movement of produce from the farmers to
the market We have seen that the high prices
STIMULATED Tor time the receipts of wheat at
the lake ports, SO that during the excitement of
the wild speculation at Chicago and New York
the receipts of wheat ran up at these ports to
over twice those of the corresponding weeks OF
1874; but with the decline in price there is 8
falling Oft, which results in smaller receipts for
me past week than even in 1874, and fully justi-
hes our expressed fears The following table,
taken in connection with the rise and fall in
prices will be found interesting The number
OF bushes of wheat and corn received ut CHICAGO
and Milwaukee have been as follows
Week ending July g. 49,. $500 sos eS Goo
w Meek ending July 10, TO-. l,O39,OOO $4,000
Week ending July II, '75.l, $4,000 79l,OOO
Week ending July "a, 'T5.. ,8J6,O4O l,266, 600
Week ending July 81, '75...l |, 94aOOO 1,55O,COO
Week ending Aug. I, TO-. $4,000 773, 600
Week ending Aug. IA, '75... 582 OO0 $50 0
week ending Aug q, 49,. $4,000 75O,COy
Week ending Aug. "a. TAI, 429,UO0 1,l8U,OGJ
The latest sdvices from England are to the
effect that there is no prospect of anything like
scarcity OF breaGstutfs in thst country, and that
wheat is likely to rule at only moderate ad
vance upon last years prices If this view of
the situation be correct as we have no doubt it
is, it is difficult to see what the whest grower
has to gain by Withholding his product from
sale at a time when it can be most chesply
transported to the consumer, since, other things
being equal, cheap freights increase and dear
fre'ghts decrease the price of grain at the point
OF production. 1t is. therefore, to be hoped chat
the producers of grain, taught by the experience
OF last year, will after having completed the
harvest, hasten to take the present market price
open to them by the world, and not by holding
back their crops, aid tn spectators in making
our country the dearest market to buy in until
all foreign purchasers are supplied from other
countries having surplus to sell.-N. Y. IriJ
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22
English Direct Trade Movement.

The recent visit of English capitalists
to this country, for the purpose of OPEN
ing up direct trade between the Mississ-
ippl Valley and the Southeastern States
and England, has led to the establish
ment of q company, with its head
quarters at Louisville, KY, and the
Hon. Thos. D. Worrall a managing
director. no correspondent of the
atlanta Constitution, he SAYS
owe have found the people every
where impressed with its Importance.
All that was necessary in the matter to
determine the English co-operators to
engage in the trade was to secure one
half of the first installment of stock
taken in this country, which was the
trifie of S25O0OO This they desired
subscribed here only as an evidence OF
rood faith, as it was not their aim to
ask money from the American people,
but the guarantee of cooperation. l
now find that 7 can have one-half OF the
capital stock, or 81, 500, 600 tai ken In this
country at once, if desired. Several
cities are ready to subscribe at once and
largely, but we are pursuing the original
design, by placing the stock III the hands
of the people, in small amounts, ana
throughout as large an extent OF country
as possible. This is to be popular
movement for general benefits to the
whole people.
First, they propose to build ships to
Div between England and the Southern
ports, bringing hithcr all the wares ana
manufactures of England that are want
ed in this country, and carrying hence
all the surplus grain, pork, lard, cheese,
cotton, wool and such other products as
they may need there. 1t is proposed to
make these ocean ships of 5000 tons,
and in addition to buy, or have built in
this country ships of lighter draught for
the coast trade of the Southern States.
II is made necessary to build these IN
this country, as all foreign vessels are
forbidden by law of Congress to enter
the coast trade. From the most accessl-
bic ports on the coast, the goods brought
over in these vessels Wilfbe carried by
rail or water to the designated store
house in the interior, thence to be offer
cd to the member Of the association and
to the public generally, the members,
however, sharing in any profits that may
accrue, and it is thought that there will
be profit equal to all the charges Incl.
dent to landing them at New York and
CARRYING them fifteen hundred miles
overland by railroad, besides the profits
of the two or three hands they now pass
through befor reaching the interior. 1t
will be the object, tiguratively speaking,
to bring Liverpool TO the door of the
West and South.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22
IMMIGRATION OF COLORED LABOR
ERS.

a Republican meeting was held in
Columbia last week, OF which Il commit
tee was appointed to confer with SINH
lar committee appointed on the part of
the blacks of Washington and Wayne
counties, Ga, looking to the immigra-
ton of such laborers into the State.
The preamble of the resolutions intro
duced by Judge Wright rccites that
"Whcrcas the material interest andde-
vclopmcnt Of this state greatly depends
upon the cultivation of the soil, and as
not more than one-iilth Of our arabic
lands are cultivated, owing to the
scarcity of laborers, aud as peace anu
GOOD feeling exists between all classes OF
neoplc in this State, and law and order
PREVAILS, and perfect protection secured
to all law-abiding citizens; and whereas
we feel assured that our planters and
farmers will extend hearty welcome
to, and employ at reasonable wages,
many good and substantial laborers
therefore be it resolved" DC.
The speeches made on the occasion
show q good deal Of diversity of Opin-
ion. Judge Mackcy thought that rs
white immigration had failed it was
time to introduce colored laborers, fifty
thousand Of whom could find employ
mcnt in his circuit. Senator Nash said,
that we had more colOred laborers now
than would work, and favored only the
introduction of the industrious. EN-
Governor Moses urged caution in extend
ing the invitation, and seemed to think
the whole scheme inpracticable.
W@think that Senator Nash struck
the right key when he said, that we
had more laborcrs now than are disposed
TO work. and that We need no additions
to this class TO the thrifty and indus
trious, there is alway&a welcome ex-
tended, but what guarantee is there that
the promised laborers will be any better
than the ignorant, and improvidcnt,
and idle class who are too lazy to work,
and make their bread by preying upon
the labor of others. The best of colored
laborers are seeking the rich fields OF
the West, and we very much fear that
not many of this class are turning their
steps Eastward. The whole scheme
smacks of political move, to secure
voters, not laborers. The two classes
are very distinct, and all the qualities
which go to make up the useful voter
disqualify for other employments.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22
Sad Results of the Credit System.

A recent report of the Georgia Depart
ment Of Agriculture, presents some
startling figures as to the extent of the
credit system in that State and the inn
mense sums paid by way OF interest,
which our farmers generally would do
we'll to ponder. The report deduces
from the facts stated the following re-
hcctiOns:
We learn from the above that only 90
per cent. of the farmers buy entirely
for cash, while those who buy on a cred
it pay at the enormous rate OF II per
cent. per annum interest on what they
consume, amounting in the aggregate,
in the State of Georgia, to the -astonish-
ing sum Of 81 $50, ,O0O-.t0or dnd q quar-
ter miYion doliors paid by the farmers
in interest OH what they consume. Is
it remarkable that farming is not prof.
table under such a suicidal policy? No
legitimate business can pay A per cent.
per anEum on the capital necessary to
conduct it al live.
Another instructive lesson taught ny
the above answers is the fact that 50 pei
cent. of those who raise their supplies
make profit, while IS per cent OF
those who buy lose money. Let us put
these facts together, and study the les
SONS taught by them:
1st. Only 20 per cent. Of the farmers
pay cash for what they buy.
"a. Those who buy on Il credit pay a'
average Of At per cent. per aHnum in'
tercst on the cash prices.
sd. The farmers of Georgia pay, III
interest on supplies-ncarly all of which
can be raised on their tarms-the sum
of Sl25O. 900, which is more Mln haT o
Tie bondcd dcbt Of Georgia, and is Il
per cent. of the value of the entire cot
ton crop of the State.
The remedy suggested to the farmer
is to raise his own supplies, plant moro
grain, make his own manurcs, raise
sheep, and economist in every particu'
lar, so that We may avoid debt and its
ruinous consequences.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22

TIE Charlotte Observer has a good
word for our neighbor Of the Green
pilie Duly News, when he says: We
are glad TO sec the announceme ent
that tho Greenville Daily News, is to
be enlarged in very short time.
1t is one of the brightest and ablest
of our Southern exchanges, and we
feel real interest in its welfare. 1t
is one Of the the very few papers in
South Carolina thai is not afraid to
como out with what it thinks, and as
a bold, independent daily, supplies a
want which the people Of the Palmct:
to State have long felt. We extend
our congratulations to our friend
Speights on tho occasion of this en-.
argcmcnt, and hope that the days OF
his interesting paper will 10 long in
land,
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22
Vice-President Wilson's Advice to His
Petty.

The Weep. r.esident in u recent letter
III reply to IN invitation to attend con-
ference OF Massachusetts Republlcahs'
expresses the opinion that 1t VIII iiot oo
new to rely upon mere party discipline
and urYcs that the only way toslrchSIh-
es the Republican party in Alassaci'u-
tetts and other States is TO put IL llsn'
on the living issues that ulVlac INC co'''-
try, "with the principles and purposes 80 I,
clearly expressed and honestly AFn"cu
that there need be neither miSapprchch-
sion nor mistake; to open VIDE us ooorS,
and make the Invitation and proillisGGi
welcome full and free. Not on y shonId
new rccuits be sought, but those VINO
once belonged to its ranks and helpcu 10
swcll IFS victories, and who for cause or
without cause have left it, should ne
prc.singly invited to return. us lr!ca
and trained leaders should be brought
to the front again, and their Wi:dom
sought for counsel aud guidance Ill the
r;,uyt TO retrieve what has been lost ana
TO restore to the party its former pre5uge
and bower. Republicans should look
prril in the face and meet the present
emergency with prudent, wise anu heal
inc counscls. They should act, too, in
q Spirit OF sclf-abnegation, prepared TO
sacrifice for the cause all personal aspi-
ralions. Candidates for public stations,
high or low, should see to it that their
individual aims and ambitions anu their
nersonal rivalrics should not be allowed
to be burden or hindrance to our now
cause, and that in the pres
eilce ofzthe dangers that menace the
party and the nations something of the
Spirit that prompted the self-dcnying
ordinance of CromwelPs time should
animate them and secure % like self
sacrifice now. With this policy 1 am
still confident the Republicans can re-
gain the complete asccndancy III Massa-
chusctts, recover lost States, continue to
guide the counsels Of the nation, and
conplete, without reaction, their grand
work Of unity and liberty, RECONSTRUCT
ton and reconciliation.
If mere professions for tho present,
and promises for the future, were to be
accepted as substitute for good works,
and were to be allowed to overcome the
record Of past misgovernment, then we
might attach some weight to the Vice
Presidents hopes of success. But, un-
fortunately for the Republican party, it
is too late now, after administering the
for the past fifteen years, to
stuff tie people with empty promises OF
reform. 1t has been weighed in the bal
ances and found wanting, and its doom
is sealed.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22

Sow THE SMALL GRA1N-Sow
EARLY-Sow LARGELY.-We make
no apology for any reiteration which
the reader may observe in these in
functions and in the brief remarks
which follow. We repeat: Sow
oats, SOW barley, sow rye, and, where
you have good wheat land, SOW
wheat" Increase the area in
tho small grains. 1t will pay.
Sow your fall oats early. The exact
time must depend upon tho state Of
the weather and the soil. and the en-
igencics Of the other plantation work,
as well as upon tho degree of latitude;
but in our own experience, oats sown
in September have generally proved
decidedly better than later servings.
1t is a mootcd question how it is best
to cover oats, the general practice,
however, being to plow them in.
Running the plow Every lightly, this
docs tolcrab!y well, but better way,
We think, is to cover with tho har-
row, and then pass roller over the
field. The red oat is the best kind to
SOW, rs it is not liable to rust. 1t is
known by its brownish red husk, and
has thinner and more flexible but
strong stem, The black Poland oat
is very heavy and very valuable
kind, but not so safe from rust as the
red. The Sand Hill oat, not yet
much known here, should have fair
trial, and may prove great acduisi-
ton. BY tho middle Of this month or
at latest by the end Of the month, rye
for winter grazing should be sown !;
also, harcy for the same purpose.
The ground should be well enriched,
especially for the barley. Both
should be heavily sccdcd-ryc, two
bushels to the acre, and barley from
three to four.-Rural Carolian.
Sow OArs.-Thc chief object with
the farmer now should be prcpara-
ton for q large crop Of oats. Too
much seed cannot be put in, and the
ground should be well prepared.
Success in this, ard success may be
assured if proper cffores arc made,
will help him to bear the disappoint'
mcnt of Il short cotton crop. We
earnestly hope that our farmers will
give this important interest due at.
tcncion.-Newterr" Hera1d.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22

Senator Gordon, of Georgia, has writ
ten letter, i'll which he expresses him,
self in favor of leaving the 1inanclal
question out Of the Democratic national
platform, and making the fight Oh other
issues. lie thinks the first object OF the
Southern Democracy should be to dis
possess the present administration OF Its
mold upon The country. The atlanta
Goa ucraid is Of the opinion that nine
out O. ten OF the public men Of the South
take similar view Of the matter anu
expresses the belief that the influence
of the Southern delegates to the nation
al convention will be thrown against
declaration tor either resumption or III
tlation, whatever their individual views
may be-.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22
Pennsylvania Platform

The following are the currency planKs
in the platform adopted by the late
Pennsylvania Democratic Convention.
They put the party of the State side by
side with the Ohio Democrats OIL the
currency question: /.
eth. That the contraction Of the mon
ley currency and circulating medium
heretofore made by the Republican par
ty, and the further contraction proposed
10y it, with view to the forced rcsump-
ton of specie payments, has already
brought disaster to the business of the
country and threatens general bankrupt
.cy. We demand that this policy be
abandoned, and that the volume of
money be made and kept equal to the
wants ofetraGe, leaving the restoration
of legal tenders to par in gold to be
broughtabout by promoting the indus
tries Of the people and not. by Destroy
ing them.
Sth. That the policy already initiated
by the Republican party of abolishing
legal tenders and giving the national
banks the power to furnish all the cur
rency will increase the power of an al
ready dangerous monopoly, and the
enormous burdens now depressing the
people, without compensatng advan-
tages, and that all the national bank
circulation be promptly and permanent
ly retired, and full legal tenders be is.
sued in their place.
9th. That the public interest demands
that the Government should cease to
discredit its own money, and should
make its legal tenders receivable for all
public dues, except where respect for the
obligation Of contracts requires payment
in coin.
10th. The extinction Of the present
national banks and the establishment in
their stead Of q system of free banks OF
discount and deposit, undersuch regula-
tiOns as the States respectively may
prescribe, and no paper money, except
such as may be issued directly and up
on the faith of the Federal Government
afIording practically currency based
on the gold and silver and other prop
erty of the whole people of the coun-
try"
The Richmond Dispatch, commenting
on the foregoing, says: "This is but. a
slight variation upon the Ohio platform,
and is pretty much our own view, lack,
ing two additions, viz: the payment OF
the duties on i'm ports in Government
currency, and the introduction of the
intcrconvertihility feature into the cur
rcncy laws. Nothing would more sure
ly and quietly bring the currency to par
with gold than the payment OF all dues
to the government in grcenbacks. 1t
would be done without shock to the
country and without any. violent change
Of values, such as would be disastrous
and bring about ruinous sacrifices"
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22

CEor REpoRT.-Thc Department of
Agriculture reports that as compared
with September, 1874, the only States
now reporting lower condition are
South Carolina, Georgia and Florida,
and in the Mississippi Valley the i'm
yrovcment is very marked, particularly
in Tennessee and Arkansas, i'll which
the averages were very low in 1874. a
large PROPORTION of the cotton "a, area of
thc'country is represented in the Sep
tcnlbcr returns, which include no less
than 60 cotton counties in Texas and 7G
in Georgia. The State averages of con-
dition are as follows: North Carolina,
80; South Carolina, 50; Georgia. 7tt;
Florida, ~; Alabama, 81; Mississippi,
50; Louisiana, SS; Texas, 81; Arkansas'
90 Tennessee, sc.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22

Sowing FALL OATs.-This is be-
yond exception tho best month to
sow oats. in all regions where the
- . -. . docs not usually descend
thermometer Wv,
below IS degrees, or where it does
not ret as low as 25 degrees. Far ar
1hcr South it may be better to sow
later-farthcr North we do not know know
how they would stand tho freezes;
In exceptionally cold winters sas
those Of '71-S3 and 72-73, fall oats are 9. g
liable to be killed, but that is almgst ss.
the only risk they have to run, stna
every crop has somo risk. Cornssss
ofleucr cut off by drought thanxf1a1n,
oats by cold-of the two we;regaTd'
the oaI crop as decidedly the most 3:
certain. Each additional years expss
ricnce and observation confirms uss:lnlf
our course Of pressing the oat crop agss
on the Southern farmer, as furnishing
the cheapest and best food for mules mules
and horses. Alternate between cot
ton and oats, sowing oats in cotton
in Septcmhcr.-Sow the same num-
ber of acres in oats that you plant IN
cotton. The oat sLubble will furnish
land for cotton we'll supplied with hu-
mus, and the cotton field will furnish
land for oats well supplied with nj
trogcn. The only manuring necessa-
ry, will be cotton seed and acid phos-
phate for this cotton crop-nothlng
will be required for the oats:'-Just
after picking over cotton field, bar
off tho cotton, as ut it's first working,
then SOW tho oats and cover with a
cuItivator, or harrow with coulter
teeth: It is best to seed hcavily-o of
the red rust proof from Il to- 2 bush
els per acre weak plants will be kill
cd by cold.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1875-09-22

rur MISSISSIPPI TRounLE5..G"V.
Ames get but small comfort from WASH
invton in response to his application ioi
noyerument aid. The Attorney Neh'I-
al quotes the following from disrt'ch
of the Presidents: ,,.;u,
"The whole public are tired out WIN ,'n
these annual autumnal outbreaks IN inc
South, and the great maj jorlty. are leaaH
now to condemn any interference on
the part of the government. hear'Il'
wish that peace and good ORDER ma! pe
restored without issuing the pr"claiila-
ton but if it is not, the proclamation
must be issued, and if it is, ] shall m
.struet the commander Of the forces to
have 20 child's play. If there Is Il ne,
eessity for military interference thcre
is Justice in such interference as 10 deter
eril-doers." ,o4 ho hoe
made no suggestion of an insurrectloil
AGAINST the State government, or tha'
he is unable to convene the Legislature,
which is a necessary preliminary under
ne constitution before making the, re-
'sitioM.