Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-10-13

Experiments in Dairying.
Mr. Dougla, has done an important work
in his lectures aud addresses upon dairying,
in insisting upon the importance OF obsery-
ing carefully M the conditions Of successful
butter manufacture He has very properly
given us line upon line and precept upon
prcccpt. all bearing directly upon the neces-
sity Of adhcrng TO correct principles in the
selection OF cows, the care Of calves, the
management and feeding Of dairy stock the
care of milk and cream, the chuning, salt
ing, packing, keeping aud marketing Of but
ter There is a correct way Of managing
every one Of these details, and he has sedu-
lousy insisted that not one of them should
be neglected, OF, indeed, can be- without ma
terially impairing the quality and value Of
the product, or its amount IN no particu-
ular has Mr. Douglas been more specific
and earnest than in the matter Of tempera-
deepsetting, hc has declared, over and over
again, that unless the temperature is right
the result win not be satisfactory lie has
hundreds of times, in various parts Of the
state and in other states where he has been
invited, called the attention of his hearers to
this matter OF temperature, and has said,
truly, that IN deep setting the quantity of
cream was entirely dependent upon main
tanning the milk in the pals at tempera-
ture not less Man ariy degees, ranging from
that TO siXty.fve degrees. Below sixty, the
full yield of cream cannot be raised, as he
has determined 10y numerous trials. Not
withstandiug the continued emphasis laid
upon this matter by Mr.. Douglas, we con-
stantly see records OF what are called ex-
periments in deepsetting" in which the tenn
peature is entirely unconsidered; unless,
indeed, as we have sometimes been led to
fear, the experiment was predestiued to
result in the interest Of the large pan
patents, never very favorable to deep-setting.
We are led 10 these remarks by finding
the following in recent issue of the Ter
mont Farmer.
The Bucks county, Pa Farmers CluD made
thc following experiment in deep and shallow set
ting: -Four hundred scyenty-siv pounds Of milk
halt the mess from eight cows for week., was
set in deep cans, sixteen inches deep, in VAT Of
water at dny-oght degrees, and the same guam
ity, being the other half after it had been thor
ouehly mixed was set three inches deep. in old
fa.hioncd pans and set on the stone door of a
milk cellar at sixty degrees. After setting forty
eight hours it was Skinned That set deep gave
forty-siX pounds OF cream and made fifteen
pounds ten ounces OF butter. That set shallow
gave hity-seycn pounds of cream aud, made
twcuty-one pounds six ounces Of butter, gain
of over twenty-five per cent in quantity in favor
Of the shallow pans The butter from the deep
set milk was pronounced by some a tritle the best,
though botl, would rank as strictly iir,t class.
1t will be seen that the milk in deep cans
was set in water at the temperature Of mr.
eight degrees while the milk in pans was set
at sixty, on a cellar floor where the air must
have varied more or less with the outside
temperature, and was probably above that
of the cellar bottom. The water in a tank
sixteen inches deep, if at temperature of
fifty-eight degrees at the surface, will, in all
probability, 1--WE speak from eNperience) be
at least four degrees lower at the bottom.
Now what foolish experiment this is
and yet it is the type OF every so-called
" test of deep setting that we have seen,
where the result was favorable to shallow
pans. 1t was a race between deep milk at
about an average temperature of ifty-six,
with shallow milk at a temperature Of
sixty or over, TO see which would throw up
the most cream in iorty-eight hours. There
was no need Of trying this Mr.. Douglas
has repeatedly stated that all the cream can
not be got from milk twelve inches deep to
say nothing Of sixteen inchss) in forty-eight
hours, at a temperature below sixty degrees
His system, therefore, cannot be overthrow
by such experiments as this. But the
patent milk pan men are filling the papers
and the public mind with the idea that
shallow setting is the only way to get all the
cream, and such trials as the above find very
general circulation. On the other hand,
deep settiug has no interested advocates, but
resting upon its merits, in the hand, of care
ful and skilliul men alone, is not likely to
make much progress, except with that class
Of dairymen. With such, we think, it will
grow more and more in favor as they come
to understand its economy of space, time
and labor, and its perfectly comfortable and
uniform results