, 1875-01-31
Review Of the Operations Of the
Market for The Week.
Comparative Statement Of Loans
for the Month Of January.


Tho people, who are everybody, and for vho1
= everything in this Eepub1ic, &re certainly nc
aware Of the honorable and useful place ttli
work, il successfully carried out is destined
TO GIVE oCn CITY,
not only in the estimation OF tho people Of thi
couctry, but OF all civilized countries through
ont the world, where science is honorcd and re
eearches into the domain Of Nature appreciate
at their true value. It will not only bo hap2
addition to public pleasure and culture, but ui
furnish q faithful means OF methodic cducatio
to the rising generations OF our people, III man
WAYS without par in this country Farther,
will give an additional st!maus to scientific study
snd place 10 work in this department, for th
modern scientist, whose industry and success
IL the measure Of progress OF modern ciyiliza
ton For it is getting no:sed abroad in the las
two tr three decades, even among the commo
folk. that tho intellectual atflnence baeed upo
III accurate knowledge Of natural phcnonena an
their laws hns been found to be the pathway to
physical opulence and power that is fast placin
the domain Of Nature ut tie disposal of th
1cgnant human Intelligence.
Perhaps could not choose better, in rracti
cal Paper such a. this is designed to be, than Il
trace briefly the history of some
KINDRED INSTITUTION IN EUROPE,
and for this purpose Will select that Of th'
Jardin des Ilantes, the national botanical gar
zen Of France, ut Paris.
This garden, like nearly all things en2inentl,
useful to the world, had very modest begin
ming, and the history Of it's successive meta,nor
p!io+cs are exceedingly interesting. It wn.
oriSina1l: piece Of ground about q acres ii
extent entirely barren, end surrounded b,
r,a7Fl,es, Since that day, the fora ind fauna oi
nIi parts of the world, the living and inanimate
1l.hcs Of the entire globe have been accu1nu-
ie.cu there all 1hlpgs in short have contrib
rteI sa,nn]es Of eycry pa1t Of croatiou, from The
rnci:a extracted from the primiti7e s1rnta
Of the cagth,s crust, serving as foundar
t;uns to the ancient Cybele, to tho humble
lic,en c1incins amid glacial atlnosphcres TO the
topmost plllaaclc Of highest moanrains; from,
the lowest forms OF animal infusor1a discover
able :,y the 1ncst powerful rnicroscope, through
Ill Lie grada;ions Of animal forms to uan.
TIE FIRST 70 CONCEIVE
the idea Of this useful work was a phyeician in
ordinary TO Louis NIL, Guy de Ia Brosso. an
e.iict Of TINT rnouarcl, dated May 16, 1855, per-
mitted the realization OF this fertile idea. and
GUY do la Brosse took possession OF the q acscs
.ncpced the arrangements necessary to fit it for
ita ncw destination.
Tho original purpose was purely and simply
the COLLECTION of ali known drugs, slmple or
compound. SO that they should serve as practical
illustrations to students in medicine. the bo-
their composition into medicine By simple pro-
cess or chemical combinations.
Guy dc Ia Erosse lad taken his work to heart,
and engaged IN it With enthusiasm aud industry.
Ho prepared piece Of ground ~ yards long By
70 yards wide, broke The soil, drained and other
Wise prepared it, 'Etile with his own money. by
travel, and correspondence. be procured all the
kinds and yarleties Of plants then obtalnable.
He WAS SO successful IN thus, that he had 10 en-
as his rzt small Plat Of soa IL a sho time to
tablishtaeat
OCCURRED IN 1G41.
In 1G41, De 10 Bsosse. published catalogue OF
ti1c p.ants cultivated IN tho garden The yar1e-
n F2gon, nephew OF Guy do la Drosse, succeed
cd him. and MAS bjmsef succeeded by Joseph
pitton de Tournefort, one OF the moss en'ightcn-
ed Iuen OF lis age, and oce OF the creasors OF the
science of botGZy. After Tour7tefort who gave
the fruit of his study, researches, aud travels to
tne garden, VIZ. his method, comprising 1916
species belonging to G93 orders. camo Sebastian
Valiant, whose herb.rium forms the basis Of
the present hcrbariSm of the Museum After
Valiant came Antoine and Bernard do Juss1eo,
names historic in botany, then Cnirac and
C!licoisueau, plveicians to tho King, then the
distinguished naturalist Da FAY, then Button,
the most cciebratcd of them all.
Under this distinguished administrator tho
Garden OF IlAntA took uoW lease OF life. It ia
from, the date OF DuGon's administration THAT
tue little q acres Of Guy de le Brosse began to
attract tho attention not only of France,
BUT OF ALL EunorE.
1'nis was tho period Of state Of the Jardin-des-
plen.es, tho epoch OF its glory The discoveries
made in all parts OF tho world wern bore cons1e-
gated Il large basin was prepared, sunk to the
lovel Of the Seine, but, tho aquatic plants hav-
ing failed to flourish in its wa1ers, the project
vas abandoned, and tue nssin was changed into
8 sunken square, to-day 1ued With oEnenentai
plants Then 1bcra was added D garden OF
seed-seds, which has become school for the
teaching OF planting and xa'aing all kinds OF
plants On the mcst scientific principles furnish
ing practical illustrations to students OF the Dec
essaEy procedures for raising all vegetable
Gro"tna up 70 the time Of thetr tansplantatloo.
buaon oleo the len OF april. 1tos. not quite
loo yea1a aso, ana France Was IN one Of those
morbid pohtcaa stases preceding her revolutions;
her credit was io". more economical adinials-
fraf,on Aaa become necessary. Mise reductions
rendered ~ saili possp!e as tnis moment OF
pennfy OF inc oea1e t1or france WAS IN 1uH xevo-
4atlon} 10 aad
sr1ESo1p CONSERVATORY '
oT hot-houee iof uopleal plants: ...
W 70 ta1s oase 'ue Sa1un uo Aol was simply