The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-06-02

wants ana where the women from the quarters
often came. But ne could keep chickens and tur-
keys only with the utmost dricully and care. and
as for COWS and hogs IL was entirely out OF the
question.
The iaborers on the sugar plantations receive
from $13 TO SIS per month. cottage, usually OF
two rooms, aud a garden patch ar It; ration
OF pork and corn meal. rather more than enough
for hearty man, and corn patch, which the
laborer cultivates for himself on Saturday after
noon with the planters teams. About their cot
tages they can keep chickens and pigs IL they
ike; and often they have horse, a COW and even
an old carriage OF some kind, In which they drive
out on Sunday with great satisfaction. crowding
In vile and children. The planter usually has on
his place store where necessaries and luxuries
are sold, and among the former whiskey Is reck-
oned, am sorry to say. They tell me the olacks
will have 1t, and that 1t Is better TO sell II In
moderation on the place than to compel them 10
20 TO distance for H. AS the sugar plantations
are ali situated upon navlgable streams thoy are
exposed to serious Nuisance in the shape OF
pcddling boats which sail up and down with
license from the state to sell various matters,
among which wnlskey Is prominent. These Will
anchor opposite plantat ion for day or TWO and
carry away. not only all the spare cash. but chick
ems and other "lrucku which the colored people
RAY have raised.
The negro is iond OF credit and apt to misuse 1t.
Few OF them, find, are sufficiently forenanded to
deal for cash. They have credit at the store, and
1t is the planters object to so manage the laborers
account that he shall have q pretty little sum at
Christmas. which he thereupon mostly spends
during Christmas week. with very great satisrac-
ton. II he has been allowed TO draw out all of his
account beforehand he is dissatisfied, and likes
10 remove, thinking that he has not done wei-no
matter how clearly he is shown shat he was
wasteful during the year. Only very few lay by
money; but occasionally negro was pointed out
to me who had several hundred dollars ahead.
One thing greatly pleased me--the black man pays
his debts. All the petty ghopkeepers. OF whom
the country Is fnll are ready TO give
credit to the negroes. II was q question /
asked very often and always received the same
reply :-"They always pay up" Among the rice
planters where the blacks work by the day they
frequently hire cottages, and the owner OF some
OF these told me he would rather have negroes
than whites Tor tenants, because they paid moro
promptly. country sorekeeper said TO met
"Ninety per cent OF my sales are TO colored peo-
pie and ninety per cent OF my bad debts are owed
by whites"
had read somewhere in the North complaint
that the planters refused to sell land TO the
negroes. The case found stands thus:-In the
sugar country the negro does not aim 10 buy
twenty or forty acres and to plant cano for him.
SELF He would need TO have 1t ground; and the
business is too hurried at The close OF the season
to get this done with certainty ana at the proper
time. Bnt they like 60 own an acre or two on
which they place q cabin; aud this homestead
makes them contented. Unluckily they not
improve their places; Invariably l have found
them In the roughest and most dlsorderly condi-
tion. Now naturally, no man likes TO sell
corner OF his estate to such purchasers; aud
tic planters very justly and very generally refuse
to sen such little patches TO negroes. Some
would divide their estates IN hundred acre tracts
put there were few purchasers for such pare els.
Many others would hold on to their large estates,
even whom they have not capital enough to work
them and have seen some plantations which were
not worked at all. but on which the owners paid
the taxes and waited for better times. For my
part do not much blame them. Nobody, except
q land Spectator, likes to sell land, especially
where 1t has been his home. And these people are
not land spectators. IL Is not uncommon, how
ever. for a SPECTATOR TO buy a hundred acres
near a town and divide IL into two-acre tracts
which arc readily sold TO colored people st O
great advances. have seen several such villages,
and certainly the regular rows OF neatly
whtewashed cabins on the plantation
look and are far more comfortable. In
the cotton country It is not very uncommon 20
ind negro owning twenty or forty acres; and
they can always buy land they want TO. The
great majority, however, prefer TO cultivate the
land on shares, either furnishing their own teams
or only their labor; and In rich Louisiana bottoms
they make handsome returns In this way.
NEW METHODS IN SUGAR CULTURE.
Tho sugar planter lies, In all countries where he
Is found, under practical disadvantage, because
he combines two caIlings very different In their
49, a To-
| found this recognized in the Sandwich ISLANDS,
where ono or two OF The shrswdest planters have
tried the experiment. OF inducing the natives 10
raise cane and bring IL 10 their mills TO be ground.
In this way tae risk or the crop 10 divided, and
this Is so great that q large sugar planter may be
seriously embarrassed BY the loss or single crop
or by tnning tall In tho price OF sugar. There
ere undoubtedly some difficulties in the way OF
dividing the business, hut IN several OF the sugar
counties or Louisiana planters are making the
attempt 10 turn tie mere raising OF care over TO
laborers and small farmers, and with promise Of
success In Piaquemine kr. Dymond, Of New
York, has begun 10 buy cane and grind 10 ct hts
null, and with pront to himself ana 70 those
who raise the cane. one farmer told
mo the experiment. last year, which
he made only because his own sugar
house had burned down, was so far successful
that this year no vas putting part Of his land In
rice and over 700 acres In corn. lie sold last year
IT'S acres OF corn for S. . ton, he cutting It and
loading It on tae barge, which carried 1t 10 the
mill, and he thought the returns satisfactory. IN
Terrs Bonnie found an intelligent young plan ter.
. Louisianian, who MAS trying different plan,
and a, be thought with the promise or success.
he has made contract for i've years with his
Iaborcrs, under which they tcEs OF him on an
average ton acres per hand, he furnishing seed
0raw Ian
corn patch, they supplying teams, tools, labor
and feeding themselves and taking bali thc crop.
Tne men work In squads OF half
dozen; when the cane Is ready TO Gu: the plan
ter takes charge. and uses all the teams and men
for the common purpose OF getting the cane
In and the sugar made. Al this time also he hirea
extra hands and the tenants pay half the coat OF
these. The planter advances all the money
naedad and In fact. makea ADVANCES OF food and