, 1875-01-30
SPARKS OF SCIENCE.

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ea.1x, - ..,-
oFHhho Or oCtENCE.
r.,, ,,.ne,r.r o,,
~. 1.,a r.r.vcs of III. ,;,t,s i,.s.st n, ,,uo
era riNfo,;v IWc5> in vr,no.yrorr,v e,,,,,.
trims thTsatcn,r,r mir. ,.st r,c,;nn ~ ~. w..
have ,,,rec,rd anr{nua atlantic, =, .t,a no,ia..
pess and NO veo its nam, roorc md ,oo,, frs.
nurnttv ,ncnttaned II, ior,;cu,tnr., M .,i.run.
ra,o,. rta ,,..o, m. a.. ~. -
rSs' 49, so" .Ae 'e' p'~"-oes'''' -
o1 Anallcan os.R'"' ~nu was lnlpofset TO Europe,
probably, on tho rootH ol vines which II lad In
tested, Tho first Tefctc,,co rnad% TO tl,e rhyf-
loxcra waa by Dr.. Fitch. Of Now York !, .ho ~, +,
tpre rr,,,, ..,,s l,,or ,,. D,,s. w. ''u
1o'o t'1 ,ssso .A.',' o.' n"ss' STATE Ehto-
nfooeist ol A'ssoaf's ofehg alluded to it in the
Prairie Farmer, Au3. ), 1860; and. tho bamo
year, Dr. Simmer and Mr. Walsh. lsto Rtato En-
tomolorist of Illinois. nuh,;abea Vii, .;,.s.u.
t,,,n. ses~.xd;,x :. n. ut.,...- .,.t'' ous'4
'''lio toha'.As ,s' 'H's'het eta,hea tha' II
Hhs tfuo pleht-iouse o1 Tie Aphis fa!niy w.
which tt really ia,--wlatte Ar. Walsh wrongly
called 1t 4. bark. .louso Of the Cocc7,a ,smiIy.
..,..;,s ~ H.. 49,, .,'-', 'ee.1"''4'"
o'seass ~t'"ehou .ue sne ~ Tue eo'sll of France.
anu lncraheea MID s'ch fal'id4tJ tlat finally tho
Minister OF Agriculture and Commerce offered +
reward of 2o,ooo franc" for t'lo aacorery OF al
.....:.,.ss - -.'s 49, ~" A.n..'a'ou WAS
appointed 70 e3aH'he llia e'a'ma of tho"o who
might bid for tho reward. Tle disease wsa
known as pourrtdie, or rotAn9, and ~AB noticed
1t, the form Of ema)l caukero1,s 8tnt. m tto
root. If t,,s ,;n. .he,, e.n.n, 49, e ~ e,' INC
.,, W o' -" s1en ~ oeost
&lo SnuA uehtfo5eu INC Plenl' IL was at last dia-
covered oy MN. Planchron snd 1ichtcnsteia, Of
Montpelier, that tho disease WIS produced by d
,or,. fI,h,g,orero r1sfo,rir pIo,csa,,. s,,5 -
.,.s...s. .,.a-.....I .t,.:... I,...', w., ~
q onnelssio p'o,ioeeu u: tnsec1 H1entles! with
tuu nmI.. r. nHa,tt.a eHyGhr
A. sist. ~ & sn1ns sa IN europe.
insoct in Ills country n-osectes @ t.r ns
.assai,.. .nsssi ~ ,,itn ii ost .h1t re-
- In5o at, 1siisr ..' - anh i, ~ neco1l-
os'' 'oIo, ~. t.,t a' av'u ~ pun!An al A.
,oss , @ eupsiie pie nsie, VI ~ tne dny"oL!Ta IN
nsa,.i. ~. ;vn., thn ro.,,,, ~ ala
1T,rarh aus " ~ ~, u'ee.sAi!ohs
noar.a co,d,,c.3. n!. tao n.onanen1
. M o1 % aeisnSo @ ~ I. s.n.u,nooah sspGsi-
houss ia!!' ~ tania . % A.oy WV noie 20 eAtaphhh
!nu E.,n ras' Wv tha ortns .;n aua nsoH7 i" Tug
F.1v IL "A 11,a ,nr;ne s1,on. III .a;aa,o ~ ,,
T., .I,;.I.tt,,a. H. i,,,... h.a;-. - W kay
~ ~ ..aas ~" ~ ~ ~ ~ aIpe1' upou
IN upp1' ~ ou. q, sn -, Shute. " sae"
.,u1 , ~ " .,a nfar ~ rss.n n s"' ~ paGa
,hn a,ryscn wharo t,,s iaeet rast. ,,;,h M"vm .s n
'.ur i.sio.n. ~ ,..t;.a1, Vt.; "A!tn ~ A'Au
t,s,,s nms aa aui'o ~. ,a,,, o;:. t ,.pn ~ ga
....I ,.ut, .se1.H .n' u'' Ttn ~ rum WY ~
aiia. u ~ 49, 4eV S.e ~ uts. pa.e
sav. In mi tronc,' ,na ns or;f:o j., ~, naseneu
,,,.r. =. t..r
, - w S,:s @nu. lseplnE W LIS se'lfs%
n,I ,s1,;', aeaI eutn shlt
,,a .aaa ,S st. ,o" eaem o!nei
tiea !. ~" @,,i .s - VIses ~ & y. splouuc
nnt ,orth nav asvoa Wha ia G iv"hds Id dn 70
G;.t ~ ~" ts"eo 10 "" tsanM nae uouo
frtEti.d JiSs ~ ~ ~, - Il 10 .:.';s Gs ~
~ ~ @'e' -" "A' ban ~ "se"p'oo s''e'
vi ...
., - tt III ~ tecu!toSY 81
Irs,rna ~ IT, nan7. ,ns .n1 4so ~ VIZ "ou w
,rn ~. ha,;1s 80. aessp, an iS4ses
~ nsutt 49, - .aa 9Io"n ailo o1nP'
;,.ssst s.t,at 49, ~ ' oAse ~ tno
i.se si s.4 nne na.tans aaotaou p5 the
H. aa.'a ~ ~ sos,.'1s, patlolos. Ana
S.Mn, r., .au tnGrs sonsnns As1 uopfe-
tha: ~. ,5,,rI Hs - ~ ~ " tuey nt'u
+,-a tos. 49, - 80 ~ .uJ stae nnne1
+, n,,s 'tey ~ assem usnefea sasN or
i,s m l ~"4' ~ l''or iune'u.ss. csse sven!
s ..si = aa n ne, ""Aso ''ousuahs aeeAs
@uIn ~ uIat.oy wv .uo1h:
-. 1na 1nsesi enAn6es !ta s9'n etteF fenchlng tie
t,n,. ~ ;.'rni ,."io T ~ sais ~. "MaE
Riley had oot discoynrod at tha dsta II Wr,t;nr
his history Of tho PhyAoxera. In cutting open
u, ,,po gals, u Simmer found the winged inject
~ ~, t w. ~ 1au ~: ~ ~ ~, eS secomehae the roofing
tsrtati hy tha i'm =. tho s,,rost MANS o ~ ~.
Terminating Ito pcsk IIo also aiifigea the niuc:
ing and destroying the gall-infansed leaves AZ
1ast u, hs they appoar II tue spring.
p,an. se sEa 70 rismee; "nsso .hs insect has
was tirss observed in t,o neirhhnrhnnd If Ari,.
non. in tho year 1861, aa We have already nlss,-
toned Tho following Jesr it invaded lilo adj
oan;MnG au departments sxnsiuae aud thu Boucles
tba .onti - T,suoa s"e VT @ ai mss IN
in vancusc IL Las ,,ost, ny.; n 1Ina ~, ~ ~
IL ono acres ia that department devoted to tLa
cnlt'irs Of the vine. No Enaana have ret been
sngsessea oy sno Etanca sAsAnts Whach rave guy
insnrt In na,at rod u .fa,n a ta p,,
Socisto dAcelima.asiop. pr. TurraI suggests tj1oi
tue rapid incrcsaa Of tho Phyilor1a MAY bs lus
to tl,s scarcity Q! suaall bs7ia In tho vine ais.
.iie1s. a VA o. 81 asssAana!ioh hAA heGn cafl7eu