The interior journal. [volume] (Stanford, Ky.) 1872-1881, 1875-08-13

That 'uugresq could exercise power unlcss ID could
w found Delegated IN II IN the Constitution and
this vas the do,rine oi all parties aud shades ol
PARTIES In the country from the formation Of tho
Constitution down to 1851 But In practice, the very
opposite u this true doctrine has come 10 prevail
aud the I,fcal majority in Congress has L,r years
acted upon The theory that Congress exercise
sny jurisdiction, pas any Law that the Constitution
Under this new Interpretation II has enacted Law az
ter law Tor which no delegated power can he found in
the Constitution aud has thus assumed 10 e the all
solute sovereign In all things the state and the
people And here let me earnestly warn YOU my
friends not TO suppose thst because the frame work
oi the state Governments may remain, the rights NJ
the states and the people will also No. preserved The
| Republican forms VI the Roman Commonwealth
lasted Tor centuries after every spark Of liberty had
becn eNinguishc,l and the sole depyzitary VI power
l was single man. Aud - the forms Of state Gov
| eminent might remain with ne after every thing oi
| Substance and reality had passed away, and every
| important power Of Government hal been usurpe'l
by the Executive aud Congress Of the United States
The greatest question then that ought IA engage the
attention oi the American people, the question that
I lar transcen1s In Importance and overshadOws all
others T. How can we preserve our free republic
can system and Constitution how perpetuate that
complex yet wonderfully wise scheme Of rule by
which the puwersO Of government divided between
National Government on the one hand, exercising
certain delegated powers that concern the whole Re
public, and state Government-, ou the other hand,
controlling all purely local and domestic concerns
| Upon the maintenance Of this system depend the
perTetuity of the Union, the character and benef-
oriy of the people To repeat what have said on
former occasion, Without our system Of States, the
| Federal Government would never have existed (;
without them II could never have extended from
ocean to ocean without them q happy, contented
free and prosperous pople would never have heen
boast. And whenever they shall cease to exist, or
shall bccpmo but name the foundations OF the Re
public will have crumhled away and the structure
they support will hasten TO fall"
Intimately Connected with the subject have teen
considering Is the question "Iow shall We hest pro-
mote fraterna feeling among the various sections Of
! suph n 90 i highly m
ant to the material prosperity uf every section Is
quite apparent, and that u IL still more important to
the maintenance of the Constitution and the preser
/ vation of the Union Is equally true. The most OBJ
vous and efficient course To pursue Is that Of perfect
Justice and imrartiaty as far As they are attain
able II the laws favor section at the expense OF
/ the other II they degrade one section below the
standard Of right and dignity that belongs to all
discomfort among those who are thus injured in
their prp-p riy wounded in their feelings must
necessarily exist and respect and affection for the
Government aud love of the Union must necessarily
le weakened. This important truth has. in my
/ opinion, been too much disr,garded by our Radical
rulers since the close Of the civil and the
their errors recthel the better will II be Ion the
welfare Of the aoTle and the perpetuiiy Of the Re
public. Our laws II Federal taxation bath custom
and internal revenue laws, hcar nnequaly upon dif-
iereut sections Of the c0untry and also upon diisr-
/ cut classes Of the community The cour-e pur-
/ sued toward the south has certainly, In many re-
spects, heen wanting in a broad, liberal aud wise
siate-manship aud been oalcula rather to fecp
! oIsn and Irritating th. wounds of civil war than
n a,.,i,,,,i,,, IL, ,i.aiina ,i,h southern states
when not hostile arm was raised against The Gov
aa 49,. ,n,is n ib,, ,restmeni and tbat of their
sister aud co-elua states. II is time, my fellow
citizcns for these unjust and unwisc discrmna-
ionS 10 cease We are one peopls from he Atlantic
| TO the Pacihc from Canada to the Gulf, and COM
mon and patriotism alike dictate that the con'-
msn welfare Of all should he the firm and unvary-
ing purp,se of ALL Our inter sis are 20 closely in
| tsTwo,en that one section OF one class eau not
lie long oppressed without reaction that IN
| the end alsp INJURIES the opIre-sor. The inju-
rious eI,rts of a policy tending impoycrish the
West OF Snith would soon he felt In every city aud
hamlet Of the Fast and on the other hand policy
tending tn unste business in the last Affects more
or less every calling and Industry moi only there but
elsewhere IL is, therefore. manilcsty oar interest
aud duty 10 give no lust cause for cOmp plaiut 10 any
-ction OF class aud At the same time Il i- inter
est and duty 10 giy. no sanction 10 imaginary com.
plants that have no real foundation. We hear by
lar too much incorporate defamation and ignorant
aud uutruthfu assertlon calculated to pr. udce the
peprle of one section against those Of another, and
men of Que calling against their lcio~-mcn OF other
,anrs a. II the union of the states were an evil
instead III a blessing aud the organization of society
| a curse 10 mankind and rcpruach To our Maker.
| Tl.,. Is anotner sut1ecl 10 -bi,h 4 f,,i % my
duty TO call your attention. though can notice IT
hut briefly t-,lay for 10 discuss ID as Il deserved To
l. discussed would occupy time that belongs to the
speakers who are tn follow me- and that | am un-
willing To do alludc 10 the corruption that has
preyailcd in Government during the last fourteen
wears and which is without a parallel In the history
If IN. E,puhlic In the outset however, I wish 10
hat 4 AN VERY Ia ass
that has ever held power in the country was wholly
Tree from corruption or that On the contrary, any
such Is,fty vas wholly aud entirely dishonest
r. = ,t a., ,.,,,,l,,, ,,,,,,ld Ia. In cnn,r,di,t
,b ninin..t f,@t. of history 10 make the latter
,snplJ n,, nniv tract history but would lie an
s.s9,it mon ton,Iar S,ysrnn.ut For il needs no
-, ~, ~, ether bisioyy ar nbilmnnhv 10 con-
i ~, ,hai n tbs ',I.,t mSss az any pe1ple are
,h,,,I,ly ,r,,i tLsv ara. nnt IN is den.,sitsries
og g,Ii,i,i n,,ST Tbr truth H. thai tbs sr.at bo.iy
| - ~ ,a,,.l - ,,h,tr,c, ,,ar,v h,ta Jishnpesty
y, ~ ~ fh ~ - 10 ,s,,i ,o ,r,nontiy
- tb,' ,,s,Iot N In thsir r,tIers M. y VET In
,b,r bna,,. ,,nJ.,,,,, md I.tes, II Vut Il /. moi
,,,h nv irisnds 4, condemn and d,test vice in
eu""Su u, "! iie''s, " ~ , M 90 ,iI ~
p',.,.r Ii.er a. Nv, ,,nst maks our Jstesta-
,ian fslt In or,i.r that The onenJcrs NAV
a., b,ht 10 Ill l.-,ry,si ,nnish usnt and Thai
Z t,sry5 ,,f,,,is ,nsv H., e., In warn others
against the commission q like crimes. Aud here, be
il observed that the criminal laws OF the land are
not sufficient To eradicate the evil though when
vigorously enforced they may do much 10 diminish
it. For there l. much official misconduct, Of which
may he morally convinced, hut OF which the
strict and full proofs required In court Of Justice
Of escape 10 the delays and the administration Of the
law, that something more summary more easy oi
application aud more eihcien i an absolute heoes-
sity. This remedy Is found In the power OF the
psOple To chan their rulers through the agency oi
the haOt-hoN. And whenever party has brought
disgrace upon the country, OF snlall'si upon u
serious losses by the misconduct Of liz officials, II Il
the duty oi the people 10 manifest their ses' OF the
injury, and To set a s,lutary example, by turning
that party out Oi power. uief -uth tlituh,l"httH
II q, - not avail to say that the of the party i
nnoccnt. That 1, undoubtedly true, and no candid
man dispute a. But there Is a great oVershadowing
puhlic necessity, an imIerious demand of public VIZ
iur wise and crcumsect regard Tor The iuiure that
requires the P,ope 10 exercise the only elective
| power IN their hands by making chasge In their
I rulers. Understand me do not say that party
should lose power because in few instances, here
and there, official denquenis have heen found IN H.
Tor thD-o arr accidents that no parry can aNays
guard against The most that it can 20 Is !" punish
the Offenders hni when thr nelihlusnVies ute . ~,
iew ana casual, Nheh they ehlTnu , 0,el u LUZ
poil"d pi lhe' Nheh theg arc l"uhu W si','1s e'
department. oi government ahu, lhstsu o' n',ns ~
pn-~d are seen TO increase 10 mashltuus anu uuin-
htr, then the people are false To theI lhle'es l+c
a thcir virtue ise 70 si so'tt1en,, i, IL =, ~
lne ltIpetul'y ol re st'tu.'"is' ,uI.! ' =" NJ
] ply 'u' Pi"le' ''ih''' v" '"""e' "
Nlw my icliow-citiIsn- | ieel constrained TO
l say that, In my opinion, such nco'ssit! Tor the
/ iu'gment and action Of the people now exists.
make thi, declaration with tull sense OF re-
! .lnusbiily, and, II ! know my own heart, with
] laIu instead pt pleasurei ioI can not take de,
| light iu the contemplation Of vice nor can hnd
/ th!,s n,', ' ,, ~, ' Siti," nav, 4 sny sym-
,.i ~. H. I. ,,,'tt.. ,i,t ta. t,., Alton prsyaflej