davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1875-04-22

Fpft1dI UIpitfh 70 5ht CAIfHya TffGNnt.
DUBUQUE, Ia. April :1-A long. pa,ctinoniua MEL
ancloly-looEing Gimp presented himself bsfoEe Il.
Ircnctor Of our Wholesale merchants, yesterday,
anu, Pretending that ho wus ca.hol:u pruet, pur-
chased bill Of c'othInE amounting to :ou. LIZ
foru SHIPPING tho goods inquiry made Ut Bishop
iIennes*y, when It was Eouuh 1t tho fellow wsa nn
tnrostor. Upon being arrested aud hsouBht tgfore
lnstca he 9lvo his ,nte Hcilaler. aud bain1 ased
ks wt3Aed 10 etnploy c,HEse replied tlot ilod AL
mtRhts wa8 Ills Attorney. Tie fcow ~ evidently LII
E1nc,
, 1875-04-22

Srsriaf Pi'iafrh 10 The fHttaso Tribune.
1nLIET, H., April LA fro nscurled th1h afternoon
IN tr tloEtrHo oecupted by Jatnra u. patlc.tou -
Grasrty #tarr oil lhe corner Of 1luH and Exr!,a,Xs
strces# RAISED by ths explosion Ut kerosene barec ii,
t n! tbs store. 1t HerImA thut Tho fa,,ces was
lft open, ca'tlIng h'igh leakage, Which ran near tho
rovs. knitting Tho aatno. The ,ss, "a c4.!uu,ed t,y
at. Patterson, Il from $1,000 to $1,000 Oh tho s,,1
tH Ia represented BY insurance Iutn ~ n,t1rh lety
Insured IN ta0 Fcu,syyania log $soy Ia lhs ;atous
fur 800, uul Traders for Sso,.
, 1875-04-22

Sn.eiaI Hi.,.utA II I'll. tLiraso 7rtanns,
EART EA6lsAw, Mich. Al1Tla .t.-At $50 today
young matt ha,ntl ". T.. Gi.asc, employed 10 @. u.
Uensons mill 1t utas Lake, had lila right hand taken
OH by hsnl-kaw.
, 1875-04-22

FffF74E D7sI1lfeA 70 1HN Efie:IVa tribune.
1Nn1ASApoL.s. 1na., April I'LL. III. Npswc uaan.
tfacursr Of lnwa resldng 1t scu.tl!e, found III
dyihg condition In tho den OF William 1te1tnbacl,
OH South Illinois cttcct, tonight. lie L. known to
have hail considerable sts Of moncy, hut uono wAs
found ul ha lorsor Tho proprietor Ut tho Haloon "
under suspicion. lie lad oy,deny becn dsugscl anl
rubAclS
, 1875-04-22

DETROIT. at!ch., april 9!.-Thu steam bAreo East
Saginaw. with cas2u ct lumber, Was cut by tho ics
and sunk near Htu.srm f.tnt, Lake ffurou. Tho
eaaterIy winds have hron1As LEse iells Of hcayy Ivs
to tls American 9iore.
, 1875-04-22

NEW onLxA.s. La.. April 1l.-Thr ship uuge:stown,
loading for Isvze. With t4 ba:es Of cotton On lo,r,
WEE struck by lightning during thunderstorm tl!s
khp w4k filled with wafer by tAe Firo Department
aud tho fire eAtn9uishrd fae caigu, partly lA,agud
S Wates II beiug uEah:ppca Tho cargo IL tusurst In
uayr1.
, 1875-04-22
POLITICAL NOTES.

t"'A"s'
POLITICAL NOTES.
W1LriAN ALLEN fosorhoF y. o,'"' -;
Ncpl,ow THURMAN nuss no tausHs W Ae0E o'0
place-and po s"''shc" "'''' ~ 'oo'
rarson BnowS1uw' having Ylpea the 1to'l
from Its mouth, informs tho pahslo thst nt
friend at a. ]. will E'o enabled to o hfn1sot 1h'e
benator coopehA aeat'
1T III certainly a romarkahe 1aet' sasn ~.
Ke".iotk 0raphtc," TINT wherever tno 1ossl',
laws arc fel'ealcd thofc ia an 1Eh'eu."'o
Ut tho democratic vote" "tnoss oo"no'''e"'
Gen. Uvr1cn was not invited to tho Centennial
celebrations at Concord sul Lexington. 1!iz
friends try to console him by suggesting that ho
mnY have boen forgotten. Their o1orts had not
1t last reports boon altogether auccesstnl.
Spcakor BLAINE know what lIo was talking
about whom he included tho vote Of Colorado In
4 cauyasa Of Presidential probabilities. An or
animation Of tho enabling act Ahows that Color
ado ylll hayo Tho right to vato for rrosldout If
State Constitution iH adopted iu limo.
Mr.. JOSEPH l}HooKs' personal organ, tho Littio
NocIt Nrpatlic0,1, has suspended publication u1,-
III Nuyolnbor. Such IL tho official announce
mcnt. Tho pnpsr ia not expected, however, to
show any aig1,s OF life 80 long ~ Mr. DnooxR re-
tnaus in undistuEbed possession of tho Post
OAicc.
The 1,ronostion for a CHAR and oosltiyo dec
laratlo, against u third term Ii calninc strength
among Ohio llopt.bllrana. Tho Cincinnati Com
n,erciat says It Ia merely question whether tito
Republicans shail speak out p1ainly on The "a Of
Juno, or wait for tho pcoplo OF Ohio to speak on
tho second Tucalay of October.
A succtnt corrcspondant nf Tur Tnrnnyr at
, 1875-04-22

kTstiaf 1tsaafeh Ia 7h< f'hfea7u Itdauls.
Iowa o1ss, H., April 31-IIaEgsgy. l!ingfsna. and
Casllu. who wora engaged In tAo etatlduu aGs1y Of
nRhes, Soma four lve weeks ag", had shetr o1atn
auswss at tho District Court Hughes u iu fir way
to recover.
, 1875-04-22

ct9f or MEs1co April l2.-Ira natives Of I1tscateo
ara On trial hesa for o llorrth!e outrage. They
charged with turn,ug three iue,l alive, leaving only
fheF lealls above Erauul, unl theu darasehng them
"1eh hateheA aud ktarea after prolonged torture.
, 1875-04-22

GlIlEna 10 nR ELEorEb TO THE aESATE.
fAntg. April el.-Ihe Aoattsur says there IL no
doubt thst psscut Th!era w bo elected to The seu-
Ato by many departments and may possibly bs cluken
TO preside oyer that hny In Which syeps 10 Il aura to
hold the position for life,
, 1875-04-22

Spfeas Nt1patFA q Ths t1tea3o 3fi1Ans,
arRrSafIELp, Ill.,, Al'ril ?l.-A festive young gsn-
enaM named Allen, who las b@en hire tor soa,s Tina
lnths employ of thu 1Iowa Co,u1auy.
VIA to!Ay delivered uyor 10 tile authorities Of Iu1lns
an regulation Ut Gov. IIeuIricks. Ill /. to ls
ombezzellent. w
, 1875-04-22

EPseIai DisiAstsh 70 1hs cAieaso fttba.<.
cAiko, ILL.,, April .l.-~A house owncd By Airs.
Martin was consumed ty 1ro In ths city thts after
noon. I.oas. t5aa; no iasurpncs,
, 1875-04-22

6TATE TREASURER ARRESTED,
cotVAnoa, O., AlFsl l31.-E1-TreAaHrcr PARKER Wea
sFFessea todty on Charge OF stpbezEug $as, ,03 Of
tas money Of tho Slate. e has not Jet
pSocnrua ball.
, 1875-04-22

lcus Sllera,ltTlsA Orders Conc esntnE tho
Deposition ox 'lx0Up4.
0ALyGs1oxt Tex, Aisil Il Tho Snss' spsciai from
s1u Autolie. :ist, ssya; "Ths following explains
itxef:
"HxApquAuTkKs DkpaErukSr Or Tkx&f, HAN
ASTuN!a. Yt1.. April :U- 10 ths Npptratr " Txus:
Thc ioavty u jus: received fro lla Gcuaral of iii
u3rpus Christ, .rttiny forth fls cculiAou Of u.
lAits In thar portion Of Te1as. 'Your dtspaicu
Ct ths 1slh II 10coitea, aud viii IL seut TO It's Hosre
VI Of Var kof ths tAot1nata q ths Rts4da9k ILs
, 1875-04-22

eAH FaAHcl4co. April 18.-A dlsratcil from s.u
Diego rrors tin death fn that city OF Thomas Fos
by meana Of morphine administered bya COMPANION.
john Alclnsyse. Ford WAS discharged soldier en-
routg from Arizona to Nrw York. wlcrn ho has
family ue had S7t0 or $40 with lin. Mellyre was
, 1875-04-22

---~----------.-------~--"-
II two OF tllroo weeks, aftor which thcy will 20
10 california. Inc fah lilo p'ece 'las iaa III no"
iofH II ena"'hs'
Will tho flt1rs f,intoriar Of tf,a Enisat1 State
motto tho period ct exporting EvangafetH as I'M
nsettato'y following that OF wooden nntfnogH aud
o"tn"oo'a ""l'hf
Mehsra. MAYNARD anti oErn. Atnbassat1ofa
from tho United htates To Turkey mud Austrla
respectively, 'ailetl ycaterda7 from Now York In
tic steamship AttHsfa.
IL people 'lEcd that crcnmarectton demanded
ny Hatfield III tilo cilolco of their instructors
pcrAaps that Eroht aenn',ncer would have mixed
mortar Tor rebuilding Chicago.
Perjury In perjury, and 1tEsnY remembers tho
mss raised over TwEEn'H cellular lux'ries. Now,
then: Will You swear lint you did not go Into
m oyster talool1 with ass. TiLroa?
Nile. NAME FIGHTER, daughter OF tho dis
tingutahcd actor, is II pupil OF FAunE. and las
Just 1ln'ated her ntAleal education. sho is on
gagcd W tho Director OF tho Paris orora.
HENRY ". DuTroS, Of tho boston Transcript,
predicted TINT lie wouI noyor 500 his aoyeuty-
Mflth birthday, and fulfilled hts prophecy by dy-
ing Ills Jay oefofe It "ould hnVo occurred.
because Tenuoasoo negro named ErnnA1M
MERRITT happened to forget himself mud slt
down Oh q baby md break it iuto soyornl pieces,
ho Lad to tnovo 10 Arkansas -afilHaukee Netes.
ADAH 1HAAca MESKEH's remains will be turned
out OF their lodgings III 4 Fatss!an cemetery II
hor board IL mol paid Soon. Tho 1.-Two years.
icaso Ut tho apartment aAo occupies Is almost
up.
DouclcAuLT. II no arc not tnlattkon, coined
tito word Octoroon," Such word has no pos
siblo right to oxlst. Why does not II. Il. Wn1TE
, 1875-04-22

| ATTEMPTED ESCAFE0f FHJGONERS,
New YuHk, Al'rii al.-FIvo conyicta tu Sing Cling
prll~u, yestertsay, attempted to &scaro by sriz,ng
soop lytng q. tho dock. Tho guards discovered tho
rrlaouera bofurc hy got tho vessel from tie Shore
2l discharged pistols ut them, dangerously wounluu
Alexander corlUtt and JuAn McAlpin, Two Of tlS
prisoners Tits otheEs sasscnaorca aud III were takan
bssk 10 r{&spn,
, 1875-04-22

FseAH Htspath 10 7hs tAir1Ja Tribune.
East sAn1aAw. hlch., April :!.-A awtll:ny.AotE
owned by lstor Rosswsg In ts city, was burned at
o'clock tats afternoon. Eortjen Of tho furniture WAS
floo On building, ia t,o watcrtown Insurance Uom.
poNy.
, 1875-04-22

LITTLE RocE. Arl., A.1ii a,,-Tha s.orehouse Of r,
II, uernafI blown up anu destroyed by Tie exro-
a!on Of leg Of ,Awsr At noon yestsslay. Mr. uer-
nard Nks sayBre1y iu] ]urta.
, 1875-04-22

ELIZABETH, n. j.. April 3l.-Ths Ea1teEu Aauu.
featuring oolulunya oi.tloh factory burned tnEa
uosAing Tho losa II ilt9t tho insurance, 2J,C0o
, 1875-04-22

NEW yonx, APRIL .l.-TALs evening the pa1klag.to.
fac.ury Of D, A. Young Co., u an 70 Worth stree.
w4s destroyed Ly r. Ths wslia fell outward crush.
lug three ttnemt,s-hofta aud The storage warehouse
of q. Garner i to. L4'ss, ti0Un; iuauss4.
, 1875-04-22

3TEe1A1 U1fa!eA q TA0 Chicago 1fisa1s.
MILWAUKEE, April ai.--Iohu walah, fund guilty Of
killing Dennia Drtacau tn SALOON light, WA to-
doy sentenced to thu House IT Correction for four
yta1ss Ito Tint day in solitary confinement.
, 1875-04-22

AkuoN. O., april 9l.-Ths sssl.!snce Of Warrington
Aarn OIL Jass street, was totally 1tstroyei by tire
last ulght. Lots, .a0o partially !usurs1.
, 1875-04-22
|l0t9l and Restaurant K98DGl'S,

4 HE.ts..s S;:ss Yhe h. bad many ,a.s. naeeal
aL3ro capacity aA Arstelass elsy (4tspcos "a to si
"! sohtie Ana seonnnJ 10 IAs o5 kftsi;.
IsIhun9 pa4es, ~ -' -
, 1875-04-22

GILL wns 30 Eratilied al this mark Of estcou.
TINT le made sIleocl to tho Court In the fol-
lowing souolinK language, t1l tho future,
your Honor. II ut my tino you should hayo
brought before you any ladIoa or gontemeh Oh
charge OF intoxlcatlon 1Dc tlleu wElat you d-n
plcaso, and Toa PURCELL Will pay tAoir incs."
Tho decettfulnesa OF astronomical arguments
las often boon iuaistod on BY thoolo6ians, aud
no" serious blow III given to tho lnatosialst!o
dogmat!sm OF phsssclsts BY y. ". RunNaix, Of
tthlca6o, WHO announces In the american Jour-
MIL 9f HciP'scs aud Arts the "tllecoyory Of tho
dupllclty Of tho principal Btar of Sigma, 1901"
It III nuaye matter Of rejoicing to HOO .luplic!sy
unnasked, and, al tho doublc-doa.iu,: Of this
particular star mtslod oven 40 conscientious m
observer AZ Sir JoHH HHnscnEL, ovory good man
uet DO glad to learn TINT 1t llas at last beon sx-
posed and held up to public execratiop.-Ne,o
FORK Eor!d.
At tho services 1t plymouth Church. nrook-
lyu, Sunday evening, tu announcing loctuto by
Prot. DAVID swlsa. OF Chicago, Atr. DrEcuxn
anid that the name must be familiar to all who
aro !ntcrestsd In the progress Of manly mud In
dependent thought o. opposed to tyranny and
persecution. Prot. Hw1Sa was pethaps tho lust
ono who would DO expected TO doyolop into @
great zofor,nor, OIL account Of his Modest, retr.
INK t0RHAoEHt 1us A0 Na1 eunTu manly Qualities
OF tho highest osuer during his rcaeut persoc,t-
ton iu Chicago. 'Tha 1pc4u:o is on FRIDAY"
added Alr. BREoItEn. t1omureiy, " md II any Of
you talo It into your heads to 60, there will 10
tnoEo saatd for stTanKeEa ti.an lhero haye icon
lately At our Friday evenipg prayeE-mootnEs."
HOTEL AnHlvAis.
8hfrnnn Iouse-1. III. KouthwoEsh, Joliet q, ".
Dayta, 1tosleetcr 1nln i. brown, 3i!Hnssota; 81,
aic!aeert., Now York; ". G. u4isr, EIsa; ", ii.
HnSoiway. Neasasl4; l. y. araFlGs lnnalo; Il. II.
hHaef%ooa H,s,s AcusssnE. la.i !; II: nanfo.th. Du-
tsna: tan w. cGt o. J. t. E1i,ss Ts1as & r. re1, PR
h,lFE; A.. u. Morrison. st. Joscph, sslch,
~ r. usrtlstt. Massachusetts, T. q. Dawss, Clucii.
mn. ;Uran4 !heus-E. p. Moore. Utuc!nuatl;
!: =. PERKINS. Ann Arbor; ". H. Wellington, Now
1ofN William Mskwou, luwa Lailrs Wtliteslao, New
YORK oharles H. TLVln1s, DttrcIt; .. Lcngfeliow,
uanu1Me u: .. IA1mz, Hntfa!o Il. Il. Nelson, VI.
Paul n. Dnrttes, ltochcatcr u y, t'ruwfut, Han
sas 7. p, W!nns, Nav York; ". II. Waeat!sy,
!aisnaEeHs chaslas L. I4nroln, New yurk lair!,Ard
9. lssfint, Eng!saa III v. Kolman, Wtnnua;
S EdSaF sxannSf. New York: .{ltmtt Iio.sa-P. q.
GFn&an, W44hington H. nlsct, Philadelphia, HcoreD
T,sioc T. Moehio. H. 1axsea Y Ascoa,1 Sex York; q
ton itnrs it.e<tlI nes"" G,aat. o. 1el. snas
sots; G4,rlss T. Tholnas Dttrolt i 4, Cispr, Eos-
ton J: \: Iuter Providence; Emil lAhn, B.4opy:
u. T. atthtilan Cincnuatit 4. a. Iiamlitup. Dostoa
u. u forbts, noston, =. Knahs, Baltimore Jasnos
Patterson, Oolnubust George a. Qonuor rhitadci-
l.ootiyn: L u ~aitaasahs Rasto4 Il. poitashsia,
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04
The Woes of Herzegovina.

The full text of the pronunciamento
issued to the European Envoys by the
Herzegovian chiefs contains an eloquent
statement of the grievances which led
them to revolt against their Turkish op-
pressors. 1t is brief and concise, but
full of dignity and energy, and forms an
indictment against the cruelty, injustice
and oppression of their Turkish tyrants
which will command for them the SYM
pathy of the whole civilized world, and
the decision that they are right in taking
up arms to free themselves from their
miseries. The catalogue of these mis-
cries is fearful one. Under pain of
being scourged and sent to prison, every
cultivator Of the ground must give half
his produce to the Aga, or official who
allows him to cultivate, and four times a
year he must entertain tho Aga, his
followers and horses. The owner of Il
farm in Herzegovina has an agreement
with the state officials by which he ex-
acts ten times the amount of rent fixed
by the law. The Turkish census emu
mcrators let free their own co-religionists,
but treble the amount Of imposts upon
Christians, thus making them pay not
only their own but also the Turkish
share of taxes. In litigation, us Chris.
tian proceeding against a Turk must
have two Turkish witnesses and if lie
looses his case lie is thrown into prison.
The wives and daughters Of Christians
arc carried off by Turks and compelled
by force to adopt the creed of Islam. If
Christian bears witness against a Turk
he can only live three days. The Chris.
tian churches are publicly defiled by the
Turks. The Christians pay an eduationai
tribute to the Sultan, but arc not allowed
to have any schools. Repairs upon the
roads must be made by the Christians,
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04
Respect for Women.

Women are ut discount where there
is no civilization. Thus it is a notorious
fact that among the natives of Africa the
fair sex is more honored in the respect
which is shown to the COW than in that
which the heaven-sent companion of
man elicits there. Women have NOTHING
to complain of in this on the score of sex
but may fairly insist that the particular
members of their sex chosen for special
honor should be of their own species.
The superior respect accorded to cows,
too, is entirely at variance with the spirit
of modern intelligence; and until the
men of Africa reverse the present dis
tinction against tie wives of their bosoms
in favor of those who hold less intimate
relation with them, there can be no fo-
yoraDle result of missionary enterprise.
Inc difference is merely geological one
the difference between COW and a
horse. 1t is exceedingly difficult for the
missionary to persuade true disciple of
Alohammed that he should degrade his
horse in a position in his family inferior
TO that of wife; far more difficult. in
fact, than to convince native African
that nc has transposed the proper rcla-
tive positions of the mother of his chill.
drenl and her too successful rival. The
mother. of his calves. In Changing his
field Of effort, indeed, from the savage
stupidity OF the negro race to the keen
intelligence OF the Arabic race, the mis-
sionary finds himself further from. rather
than nearer to, the highest civilization.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04
NUMBER II.

but tho Turks arc freed from this duty.
If Turkish troops need loncs, they arc
taken from the Christians without re-
compcnse.. If Turk complains before
u tribunal, he can get Immediate Justice.
IT a Christian makes II complaint, he, cam
not get decision without bribing the
udge ten times the amount of the claim.
There is no integrity or justice and no
security under Turkish rule. Such is II
brief summary of their grounds of COM
piaint.
Hopeless us the case of Herzegovina
may appear, fighting single-iandcd
against her powerful tyrants, and de-
barred from the active sympathy of Eli
ropcan nations by their own prciutliccs
and schemes ornationaf faggrandizemcnt,
it is impossible not to admire the manly
spirit of their statement They may not
win freedom, but they deserve it
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04
One of Horace GrecIcy's Old Letters.
NEW YoRK, July "a, 1857.


My DEAR SIR: Seeing in the Tribune
the death of your sweet child, whom ! SO
well remember, impclls me to write you
word. L offer no consolation, and |
need not assure you of my sympathy.
But you and your wife arc still young
and hopeful, other children will doubt.
less be lent you; and though you vii
never forget this firstling of the flock
nor fail to remember her with pensiv;
and cliastoiied sadness, yet you vii! live
to realize even in this state of being, hoy
wisely president and merciful in the
chastiscment which "smites but to heal"
let irio give y0u ii this connection a
LEAF from my experience.
have had seven children of whom
five arc gone. OF three sons none sur
vivc, and two of them were respectfully
tive and half and six years of age when
they were reclaimed. I need not say
how beautiful and good they werc-the
early called arc always thus. When the
first of them died my youth ended I
thoughtl could never be so sorcly bitten
thenccforth. Yet in due time there
came another, not SO delicate, SO bcauti-
ful, Sc poetic; yet SO loving, SO tender,
SO devoted to me, that l thought /
i''" Ho'eI Dcen UNDERSTOOD before.
cannot remember that during his six
years abode with me he ever Wished to
contravene my WILL
left, January ii, for that hard
western tour in brave spirits and good
general health. At Galcsburg after
leaving yon, | hada letter dictated by
him, leaving him in excellent health. 1
heard no more until reached Scranton,
Pa, on my WY home, when telegram
reached me during my lecture, stating
that nc was dangerously i'll of Group. /
hastencd home next evening at eight
O'Clock only to find him dead al hour
before, after enduring severe operation
and extreme suffering. With him
buried my last earthly aspiration. L have
two little daughters, enc eight years old,
and another but four months, having
been born since his death, but they are
very different from and do not replace
him.
Did you not mean tos me this sea.
son? Kind regards to Mrs. --. Yours
HORACE GREELEY.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04

THE report of the commissioner of cd
ucation furnishes some statistics which
arc II fair test as showing the activity of
the various religious determinations il.
the matter of theological education. The
Catholic church leads with Is scminarics,
Ia professors, 1888 students. The Bap-
tist denomination has 16 schools, SO pro-
fessors, and G3S students; tho Presby-
tcrian has 15 schools, with IA professors
and G17 students; The Lutheran church
13 schools, so professors and 1926 students;
the Protestant Episcopal, II schools, 56
professors and 294 students; the Congre-
gational has 8 schools, so professors and
800 pupils; the Methodist Episcopal has
Z schools, So professors and 321 scholars
and the Reformed church has 3 schools,
- professors and 80 students; the United
Prcsbytcrians, Christians, Free Baptists
and Mcthodists have schools each; and
the Unitarians, African Methodist Epis-
ccpal, Cumberland Presbyterian, German
Reformed, Methodist Episcopal South,
Moravian, Swcdcnborgian, Union Evan
gclical, United Brethren, and Universal
lists have each.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04
Changes III the Earth,

The date of mans appearance on our
globe Ito shy nothing of the beginning of
organic lifc) will probably ncvcrbc asccr-
tainablc beyond Il rude approximation
but this much ut any rate is certain, that
it creation" is to be spoken of ut ali
1T must be taken, not Us Il single isolated
act, but rather us IN unbroken series of
productions, extending from the dimmcst
past to our time, and destined doubtless
to extend beyond us. Everybody knows,
says the Westminster Review, what the
nature OF the record is, everybody knows
that the crust of our planet, SO far us we
have sounded it, is composed entirely of
mud, deposited i'll gradual successive
layers under water; that these layers
through the slow but constant l,ndula-
tons OF the crust, have been uphcavcd
again, unlated to the enormous thickness
OF sixty or seventy Thousand feet; and
finally, that each deposited rs it harden
eel, preserved imbeddesi in the mud the
shells and bones of creatures which died
at the time of its formation. Similar
formations are continuing Mt present;
the soundings made in the Atlanticocean
preparatory to the laying of the telc-
graphic cable, prove that over the whole
of the immense area explored (r,OOO
$4,000 AASA'i StAoo W rSoU, stllu <lUOIb fOu
miles from north to south) an exclusively
fine chalky mud is being deposited, con
sisting solely of the hard parts of animals
which have lived and persisted. in these
regions. The chalky mud will gradually
harden into limestone rocks; pdssihly
some day these rocks will be Gradually
upheayed, just as the HimalaS arc, 4,
t.. ts...'a f.s'..-.
tJccted to the wearing influence Of mir and
rain, will furnish the mud which is. to
bury new creations. Let us not smile
incrcdulously, far greater changes have
been wrought than those, and as far as
we can judge, by the same Influenza.
When Scotland stood higher than il
stands at present, it was covered with ice
ldescending from the Grampians later,
it became an archipelago, and marine
sand with shells was spread over the
former glacial drift later still, the land
emerged again, glaciers were reformed,
though probably to less extent, and
Britain was connected with the CONT
ncnt; lastly, minor changes separated
England from the continent, and ireland
from England.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04
FORTY-rOURTm CONGRESS.
Full List of Senators, Representatives, an,
DcleEnfcs.

The regular session Of the National
Legislature will begin on Monday, Dec
6, and the following list of Senator's and
Representatives. will be convenient for
reference.
All tho elections to the Senate have
been made, and the list published and
all seats, except one (Pinchback's) for
Louisiana, disposed of. In the House
there is vacancy in the Fourth Tcnnes-
sec District, caused by the dcatl, of Hon.
John w. Head. Hon. Samuel M. Fite,
who was then elected to the scat, died mt
Little Rock, Ark, q few weeks since, and
there is still vacancy; but as there is
no lack of candidates it is expected the
seat will be occupied early in the session
THE SENATE.
Republicans (markcd R.), Al; Demo-
Gratis O), %; Independents (sNlALL
CAPs), 2.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-12-04

VALMAsEDA has originated Il new
method of Squeezing money out of the
loyal i'll Cuba i'll order to provide one of
the recently arrived regiments with
horses. lie has decrccd that Il "sacrcd
contribution of 16 per cent. OH each
individuals taxes in Havana must forth
with be handed in. AS all the money
necessary to pay the bills for tho subju-
CATION of the Cuban insurgents must
come out of Cuba, Spain contributing
little or nothing, through inability to do
SO, the arrival of 5000 troops must strike
dismay into the hearts of the most loyal
of Alfonso's subjects and create much
dissatisfaction