The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-07-24
the same sense as when we speak of
fat hou ubcsa sidea sboka

fat hog whose sides shake.
The perfection of q cattle farm would
be sufficient amount of cane, or swamp
lands on which the natural winter
grasses grow, also a sufficient amount
of upland we'll set in Bermuda grass.
Tho cattle penned every night on
ground designed to provide winter food
for fattening them. Three year old
steers and heifers raised in this way,
taken from the swamp i'll January, we'll
sheltered and fed with t,,rnips, potatoes,
pen vines, straw or hay, would be ready
for the butcher in March, and bring
handsome price. Under this treatment,
the swamp or cane brake becomes
Chincha island TO the farmer who knows
what to do with it. If money cannot
be made by cattle raising upon q farm
SO situated, under judicious manage.
ment, then it cannot be made by this
branch OF farming in any country.
Nothing is said of tho dairy, because
OF the uncertainty Of obtaining good
and reliable nilkcrs. III this desidera-
tum could be steadily supplied, the
dairy would be source of great profit.
In 1860, the butter crop of the state of
New York sold for more money than
the cotton crop of the state of Georgia,
which was the largest ever made in that
state. This is one of the apartments
Of agriculture in which we must rely
for aid on foreign skilled labor-small
farmers owning their own lands, and
managing tie dairy within themselves
and their frmilies.
1t must r ot be forgotten that in sue.
cessful stock raising, the judicious man.
agement and husbandry of she manure
is vital point. Commercial fertilizers
are III certain aspects necessity. If
the large cotton planter, could save one
half of his annual expenditures for fer
tilizers, by devoting n portion of his
time to live stock, it would be great
gain to himself and his land.
A striking instance of the value of
this kind of manuring is found on this
farm. Reference is made to the crop Of
six acres of turnips, fed off by sheep,
which was the subject of a statement
by the commissioner of agriculture of
Georgia, in the Rural Carolinian last
winter. The success of the experiment
was entire. Enough of the tllrnips was
sold to amount to upwards of two hun
dred dollars, and sufficient we're left to
feed flock of NIerino sheep, upwards
of one hundred in number. The ground
is now in cotton, corn, and one and one
quarter acre in onions. 1t is perfectly
rich and clean, and the growing crops
promise beautifully. The enrichment
OF those acres cost the writer nothing,
in fact it was thrown in. They will be
sowed with oats in September, and in
February with clover on the oats. After
wards judicious rotation for term of
years will yield heavy crops without
Improvement or necessity of manure
c. ". .HoWdrtl, n, Rural Caroltnian.
sHoRT-HoRN CATTLE.
In an interview with Mr.. Win. Curtis,
noted short-horn breeder of Michigan,
the inquiry was propoundcd to him,
why is it You prefer the short horn,
Mr.. Curtis, to any other breed of cattle?
Well, sir, he said. can very soon
answer that question. Because there
is more profit in til, there is more Of
them, you can get more ont of them.
The calves and young stock bring moro
money they take on flesh faster. The
COWS give rich milk and the butter is
rich. / know this, for I have tried
short horns for yeare. They have no
superior for beef. They make good
working oxen. They combine more
good qualities than any other breed of
cattle. They cannot be improved by
crossing with any other breed. Cross a
short-horn COW with Devon or Ayrshire
or Jersey bull, and you lose size. But
the short-horn improves everything it
touches. 1t is the best-known breed
for improving native stock, and for
this purpose alone they are invaluable.
They are kind and gentle, easily handled,
good breeders and good mothers, hearty
feeders, and prefer them to any other
breed They all have their good points,
but the short-horns, in my opinion, have
the most best points.
HOW TO 1TALGANIzE YOUR BEES.
10 ltalianize your bees safely and in
the most profitable way, you must send
for good italian queen to introduce in
the strongest colony of your apiary.
AS soon as the new queen has arrived,
take another empty hive of the same
size, without bees. and insert division
board so that you will have on your left
little room in the hive for four frames.
Now take from the colony which shall
have the new queen, two combs with
plenty of sealed brood. On one of these
combs cage the new queen and bring
her with the second brood-comb and ali
adhering bees, but without the old
queen, in that little room. and give still
two other combs containing only honey.
The other brood. combs of the colony
transferred with the old queen and bees
in that room { your right hand, close
the hive anu then set it on the old
stand. After two or three days confine.
ment of the new queen take out the two
combs from the little room at your left
hand, cut out every queen cell. and set
at liberty the new queen. The bees of
this little colony will do her no harm.
From this time you will have two queens
in ono hive, and each queen will ill the