davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1875-11-21

fashion steps in and dictates the number,
character, and complexion Of the flowers
that shall be used, the nature Of the devices
into which they shall be woven, the form Of
letter for monogram on the pail, and SO
on ad 'sauseam? There is probably not a SEN
sible person in the United States who does
not believe it q mockery that fashion should
presume to dictate how he shall express his
grief at the loss of friend, and an outrage
that be shall be suspected Of inhumanity if
he does not follow her dictates. To all such
people the recommendations Of b1r. BRIGHT
and of the English clergymen, to which al
fusion has beon made, will appeal with great
force, and will influence them to make u de-
cided stand agaiast the display, the bad
taste, and the expensiveness incurred there
by. It is reform, however, which in this
country can hardly be instituted by Church
Congresses or general meetings. It must be
accomplished by individual action.
, 1875-11-21

The cable dispatches announced q few
days ago that the demands of the German
Minister Of War for the coming year are in
excess Of those of previous years by 1o,ooo,-
600 marks, or So, 100000, and in this esti-
mate are not included other credits for the
creation of batteries Of reserve, the increase
of the artillery Of the fleet, and the formation
of another railway battalion, which, added to
those now in existence, will make complete
regiment, whose occupation it is to construct
railways ip time of peace and keep them in
repair in time of war. What the Germans
have to show for their immense military ex-
penses is thus stated by the Geneva Times:
sjnce tho war Of 1s7o-T the efficiency Of the army
Of Germany may be fairly said to have been doubled,
II We take into account not alone the increase In is
numbera but the improvements in arms and oxgani-
zsttoa The active army has increased through the
natural increment Of the population and the anue1a-
ton Of Alaace and Lorraine the laudwehr has been
almost reorgsnized .the 1andsturm has begun to be
organized. Tho old Zundnadetoeacchr has been re-
placed by the almost perfect Aauser rifle every fe}d
b.ttery has been furnished with guns Of heavier
cab1e and improved construction. The railway sys-
TEN Of the country has been considerably extended,
nnd extended in such Why to subserye strstegca
Objects Military tactics hare been changed and de-
yc]oped to mee. the exgeucies OF modern warfare.
The feet has been increased until has become amoet
and the Generals Of the army and the
Chiefs OF the navy have been ucessant In their efforts
to utilize the e1perience derived from past for
the benefit Of the future leaders Of the land and
forces OF ths Empire.
, 1875-11-21

It will be strange indeed if there is not
another St. Louis duel in the near future.
If couple Of the st. Louis chivalry could
take shot at one another on account Of some
mildly expressed differences about the late
War in their respective journals, we do not
see how Messrs. McCu11AaH and GRosvESoR
and Messrs. HYDE and HuTcH1Ns are to en-
dure the ordinations and epithets they are
putting upon one another without some
blood-letting. MoCu11AaH, for instance, de-
hes 'shell to produce or Omnipotence to
duplicate" a character like GBosvEsoR, and
it is safe to say that, if GRosvENoa has not
yet expressed himself in similar terms about
McCu1LAGH, he will take the first opportu-
nifty to do SO. Then Mr.. HuToH1Ns tried to
drag Mr. HYDE into the Whisky Ring, be-
cause the latter happened to know MEanuE,
and Mr. HYDE promptly brands Mr..
HUTcH1ss as ian arrant demagogue,
man utterly devoid Of principle, a
proved blackmailer, known perjurer,
and notorious scoundrel, and also produces
letter from MEaRuE in which the latter says
HUrcH1Ss agreed to use his paper in favor Of
paving contract in consideration Of one
fourth the profits. At this rnte We shall not
be surprised to hear that the streets Of st.
Louis are running with gore, and We advise
ambitious young men who desire to edit
newspaper in St. Louis to put in their arpli-
cations early at the Offices Of the Globe,Deno-
crat, Tines, and Republican:
, 1875-11-21

The test lmony in the case OF Primes Lso' 'ns
"baby rop e-walker," taken bafors oos o. tnt
New York courts by Mr.. BERaR, gives - inkans
OF the vast field there Is in the great csoea 1oE
societies I, IT the prevention OF cruelty 70 eal''
dreo. Tht case Is still contested bg TIA saos
people, vi 10 seek TO rstain possession of ~
child to Mi ;htly expose him to tho pst Of lnata''
death, and to show that thsrs Viz no paraeul1
cruelty in SO doing, Hus8Asp, LEo's n'&.'t
and exhi}i tor, testified that it wss fesuot
branch Of the profession to train 'nfanss III
trapeze ~ ID other pe:ilous feate, tho asttaea4
Of which, is tho terrific danger in which '0e5
place tht, ,,aby performers. He tod OF : Tou.1
who ma de specially Of it, and who NOW aae
trainint; f'7e children, Of whom ons VIZ Wv
years Ct ae g, while another was. - hs pns II
mere traby-' Mora significant was his 6sas@dea' =
that he oh tanned the boy BY IN adFe1e1as0ea@
in r.sp onse to which he was offered no les 'asa
seventeen ch ildren, from among whom 10 @a4'
his selection. With unnatural parents 10 sooap-
Jig that the market is, Is 1t seems. ntesa4g o''
stocked with those who will sell theaf eo1@'su'
to be kill ed or not. IS may hAFpeu' tn TUG as.
ropa and trapeze profession, tho number o. as 49,.
who no, Id abandon their offspring % w. s':
equally tuuet usage must be simply spp.
and non too vigorous action eau % '.-s4 ~
any Of he larga cities for tho ptos'es''o ~
little Oh es agains such parents.
, 1875-11-21

Every Democratic member Of Congress has
received from ex-CongEessman BENJAMIN G.
HARR1s, Of Maryland, q circular asking for
the position Of sargeant-at-Arm:- He bases
his request on the fact that, when in Con-
gress, he voted against every bill for men or
money to carry On the War, and once said in
public speech: "God Almighty grant you
may never subjugate the South" He adds !:
!" My greatest regret is that God did not
grant my prayer" It is charitable to sup
pose that the man is 1unatic. Even the
next House will not dare to bestow place Of
trust upon person who boasts Of his dis
loyalty to the Government in whose service
he xaR
, 1875-11-21

and unchanged Wheat was active and
easier, closing at $1.oe4 cash and $1.0eS
for December: Corn was in better request
and firm, closing a@ 514c cash and 475c seller
the year. Oats wero quiet and easier, clos
ing ut sosc cash and 305c for December
Rye was firm, at Gs@Cs4c. Barley was dull
and weak, closing nominal at SEC cash and
size for December. Hogs were firm, under
good local and Eastern. demand, at Sc. 500
7.5o. Cattle were dull a~d easy. Sheep
were quiet and steady, at 3.00@4.50. One
hundred dollars in gold would buy $114.76 in
greenbacks at the close.
, 1875-11-21

got paid for closing their eyes are no" on
trial while in Chicago the officers who never
opened their eyes while this whisky fraud
was going on, and got no pny, hive not been
even indicted.
The whisky frauds in Chicago have there
fore been far more profitable than those in
st. Louis. Estimating the grapevine whisky
produced in each city at 5000, 900 gal
Ions, and the average tar avoided at G5 cents
gallon, the profit in each city was within d
fraction of $2,0o0,0o In st. Louis the
regular and the special e1actions by the rev
enue officers were about one-half, leaving a
million Of dollars to the trade and q million
of dollars to the revenue officers.
In Chicago the distllers and rectiaers
pocketed the whole two millions of dollars,
and there was not Collector, or Inspect
or: or Special Agent, or Supervisor, or
Deputy, even Clerk at Washington,-
who ever even asked for q few dollars out Of
this large sum of two millions plundered
from the Government
Can such an instance Of official abstinence
and official integrity be pnralleled? It is so
extraordinary TINT there will be persons all
over the country who will question its truth,
and who will deny that 100000 gallons
Of whisky could have been manufactured and
put on the market in Chicago without the
faintest knowledge or suspicion on the part
Of the Federal officers and who will insist
that such profound ignorance could only have
been the result Of some such corruption as has
been disclosed at st. Louis.
But We have the assurance Of the law Off
GERS Of the Government and Of the Grand
Jury that no evidence has ever been discov-
cred pointing to any division by the whisky
operators Of any part Of their dishonest gains
with any Government officers. Tt is just
possible that, at some time, the t'trade" may
have contributed to what was called poit-
ical fund, but We do not know TINT even this
was shown to the Grand Jury. There is,
however, difference in the character of the
witnesses here and in st. Louis. There, the
frankly confessing their own
guilt, went into court and told the whole
story. Here, up to this time, none Of our
operators have made disclosure, and, having
none to make, they propose to 90 into court,
be tried, convicted, and sentenced, as men
who deliberately and systematically plum
dered the Treasury, and never divided dol
lar Of their gains with an officer or politician.
, 1875-11-21

Superintendent HICKEY, Oh Friday night,
furnished the public with evidence of what
he can do when he tries, and at the same
time conclusive evidence Of how long that
able and competent officer has been drawing
his pay without rendering the service he
could have SO readily performed There is
no officer on the police force who has the
personal knowledge Of the thieves, pick
pockets, confidence men, bunko- steerers,
gamblers, md vagrants, that Superintendent
HICKEY has, and therefore no officer is SO
the law requires them. If SO disposed he
could nd Chicago Of every gambler and con-
fdence man now doing business here. Hecould
break up the bunlo-shops, drive out the
vagrants, close the murderous dives, and
break up the mock-auction business Here
tofore it has been said that to do anything of
this kind required an order from the Police
Board. Then it required an order from
Superintendent REHM Then it was that the
City MarshM was in the way.
Now, however, Capt. HICKEY is Police
Board, Marshal, and Superintendent in his
own person. There is no one to restrain
him in the discharge Of his duties. He
stands supported by the law and the moral
sense of the community, and opposed to him
are the criminal population. Now is his op-
portunity. All know his ability. All know
his personal courage. Does he desire to
make his official record honorable for activity
and efficiency? Does he desire the commen-
dations and respect of the people OF Chicago?
He knows that the most disgraceful and
criminal saloons in this city are the under
ground and overground drinking houses which
are unlicensed. He can close these by force
at any moment. He has the authority to
report to the Mayor every other disorderly
s61oon where men and women, boys aud
girls, thieves and prostitutes associate, and
have them closed up These places are all
dence men and bunIo-steerers off the streets,
and arrest them as vagrants wherever he
finds them. He can gather the Grim
inal classes Of both sexes from the
streets, and place them out Of sight.
He can prevent crime and disorder
by removing the occasions for the one and
the agents Of the other. He can make Chi
cago SO improbable for gamblers that that
will be measurably abandoned. /
In short, he can have strong and healthy
exercise Of police authority, md win for him |
self q credit which the people Of Chicago
have been long waiting to bestow upon the !
officer who will deserve it.
, 1875-11-21
MENTAL FACULTIES IN DISEASE.


| A writer in the current number Of the Pop
sxzar Science Monthly recalls some curious in-
stances Of the acute development Of certain
mental faculties in disease,-a phenomenon
that must have been remarked in some of its
phases in almost every personal experience.
It IS curious instance Of the connection be-
tween the mind md body, and the mutual
influence Of one over the other. It is protean
in character, and apt at any time to manifest
itself in some novel form. The loss or in
pairment Of one sense or faculty intensifes
the power of another, and physical prostra-
hons Of q similar nature generally produce
the same sort Of mental phenomena The
imagination, perception, and memory seem to
be the most impressionab1e faculties subject
to physical influences. The imagination, IN
deed, has been known to produce death when
the physical ailment was not sufficient to
warrant such result; while courage,
on the other hand, has not un-
frequently enabled men stricken with
disease to overcome the rayogos Of
abused nature. It has been estimated that
large proportion OF the deaths Of cho1ern
VISITATION result from LQe lerrOr1SQ WHICH
the epidemic produces in community. This
danger is distinctly recognized BY physicians,
whose duty it is to combat the mental terror
they encounter as much as the germs Of the
disease, the one being almost as readily CON-
municated Us the other. Among the recent
deaths in Chicago is one that is known to
have been the result Of mingled sentiment
and imagination The death Of lifelong
frienei was followed by depression Of spirits,
which took the formidable shape Of inaagin-
ing the same disease as that which had
afflicted his deceased friend. To add to the
intensity Of this mental prostration the family
physician died, and, few weeks after, this
victim Of diseased imagination WAS carried
off in the very prime Of life, and with
sufficient physical resources for many years
to come, had they not been impaired by men,
tai prostrahon- This was not an isolated |
case. The effect Of the imagination is Illus
trated in the text books OF mental philosophy
by instances where criminals condemned to
death were placed in warm bath, with the !
that they were to he bled to |
death: then 4 sliRht cut from which tha /
, 1875-11-21

The Chicago produce markets were rather
more animated on Saturday. Mess pork was
active and 1o@2oc per brl higher, closing at
$19.S5 seller the year and $3.50 for Feb
ruary. Lard Was active and 5@1oc per 100
lbs higher, closing at So. 1o@12. 12A cash and
12.223 for February. Meats were quiet and
steady, at TIC for shoulders, 103c for short
nos, and 1oz@1lc for short clears, all boxed
alghwanes were in fair demand and steady, at
e@1t per Ra&lon- Flour wss more active
, 1875-11-21
TQ-XoHEQW,


NEW CHICAGO THEATRE-ClArk street, between
Randolph and laka. Engagement Of Kelly Leon a
Ankttela.
HOoLEYB THEATRE-Rando1ph street, between
Clark aud lasa1a. Engagement Of the California
Atustxals-
ADELPHI THEATRE-Dearborn street corner
Monroe. Engagement OF the Kirahy Troupe. ' Around
the World In Eighty Days."
WOODS MUSEUN-Monroe street. between Dear
born and State. After1oou, "a Married Life" Evening,
" Mary Warner"
MoV1CKERS THEATRE-Madison street. between
Dearborn and 8tntc, - The JeWesG."
HA1sTED STREET OPERA HOUSE - Halsted
street. corner Harrison. MacEvoy's Htbernicon.
FARTEIL HAIL-Msdisou street, between Clark
md LASA1e. DuQutncy's Tour Of the holy Land"
PLYMOUTH CHuRCH-Lecture BY Josh Billings-
Subject =" Specimen Brix-"
UNION PARK CHURCH-Lecture BY Prof. G: T.
Randau. Subject: "Iight znd It's TondeHul Pie
x0lnenx."
, 1875-11-21
THE STUDY OF GRAMMAR.

| Fifteen years ago the pupils in the highest
class of one Of the public schools in Chicago
were drilled in grammar by being obliged to
write on the blackboard sentences from
GRAY's "Elegy in Country Churchyard, ~
and surround each word with a peculiarly
shaped figure, which meant, according to its
particular curlicues, thatth inclosed part of
speech was noun, or verb, or an adjec-
tive, or what-not. When the sentence had
been thus laboriously dissected, the relatives
we're attached by chalk-chains to their ante-
cedents, the adjectives to their substantives,
the adverbia1 clauses to their verbs, the
thingumbobs to their what-d dye-call- ems,
etc. This process was supposed to be the
crown of grammatical instruction. It's VIC
tins had been learning rules of grammar for
some time; they had said them gibly by
rote. Their acquaintance with cut
and-dried grammar was far above that
possessed by their parents. Their power to
talk English correctly was far below TINT Of
their parents. not improbable inference
would have been that cut-and-dried grammar
was not the best possible way Of learning to
make good use of our noble mother-tongue,
but the inference does not seem to have been
drawn. The children laboriously learned to
mouth q mass of names and drnw q multitude
Of eccentric po1ygons, and straightway for
got it all.
The study Of grammar has changed for the
better SINCE that time, but textbooks have
not contributed to that change. The average
' grammar is more crowded with technical
absurdities now than it WAS ten years ago.
Every author considers it his pride and duty
to invent q new nomenclature for cases,
modes, and lenses, SO that two g1ammars Of
the same language seem to treat Of wholly
different tongues.
A few months ago the teachers Of the pub
lie schools Of Cincinnati resolved that gram
mar ought to be taught by the reading of the
best models Of English composition rather
than by the memorizing Of a set Of pedantic
rules Their action was indorsed in many
quarters. We have found, scattered through
QU1cK's s. Essays on Educational Reformers,"
the opinions Of number of eminent edu-
Gators on grammatical study. In the famous
Jesuit schools, which once monopolized the
higher education Of Europe, grammar was
taught, but not by rote. The master e1-
planned to the boys the construction Of Latin
sentences which he had previously translated
10 them. As Latin YVES the language Of the
Order, its study in their schools corresponded !
10 that Of English with us. Wo1sEy, in his |
Instructions to the masters of Ipswich |
School, in 1928, told them to teach the |
1se Of Latin in conversation before tax I
ng up the grammar of the tongue, |
md to never Jet grammar '* occupy the more
'aluab1e part Of the day." The eminent
3o1Er says, in the book he published at Ant |
, 1875-11-21

werp in 1880: s'Reading Of good books. dill
lgent information Of learned masters, etudi-
ous advertence and taking heed Of learners.
hearing eloquent men speak: and, finally, busy
imitation with tongue and pen, more ayaileth
shortly to get the true eloquent speech than
all the traditions, rules, and precepts of
grammar. ROGER AscaAM, the instructor Of
Queen ELIZABETH and the author of the
schoolmaster," wrote: *sThe common
wsy used in common schools to read the
grammar alone by itself is tedious for the
master, hard for the scholar, cold and un-
comfortable for them both. Without
doubt gTanMatic0 itself is sooner and surer
learned by examples of good authors than BY
the naked rules of granm arians." He quotes
" our most noble Queen ELIZABETH" as q proof
OF the possibility Of acquiring great knowledge
OF language without any study Of grammar.
The weighty authority Of LOCKE is egainst
our ordinary method Of studying the rules of
language. We quote from the "Thouphts
on Education {" 81 I grant the grammar Of
Language is sometimes very carefully to be
studied but it is only to be studied By
grown man, when he applies himself to the
understanding Of any language critically,
which is seldom the business of any but pro-
fessed scholars"
We might add to these er-cathedra declara-
tions number of others Of like tone from
moro modern authors The drift of educe-
tional thought nowadays seems to be that
IRVING, and GOLDSMITH, and dHAwTHoRsE-we
should add THAckERAv, in his essays--cre
among the best readers and the best gram
mars.
, 1875-11-21

MOODY and SAxKEy have shaken the sinful
D fust Of Brooklyn from their feet and gone to
Philadelphia There are few heathens left
in Brooklyn, sad to say. On the other hand,
the Brooklyn Ring was smashed during the
stay Of the revivalists. IF they can do as
much IS this at Philadelphia, the $4,000
raised in the City Of Brother1y Love to help
On the good work will be well repaid Then
let the revivalists come here and labor with
the County Board
, 1875-11-21

Italy, which now owns about half her rail-
why's, has completed negotiations, it is said,
for the purchase Of the remainder. The price
IS reported at s32, COZ, 600. Where the money
is to come from is unknown. The Kingdom
has an annual deficit now, and partial repu-
diadon is probably not far of.
, 1875-11-21

1Ae uttal4B OF Tie ufSt regular census OF
India ever taken lin 1871 have just been
printed in the English papers, and contain
| many interesting facts. One of the most
! astounding features Of the census is the i'm
mensity Of the population. Although British
India has an area of but 1,450,74+ square
miles, or about one-third the area Of the
United States, it has population of 23e, $50,
95S, or nearly six times TINT of the United
States The populations of the principal
cities arc as follows: Calcutta, $685. 1000 i;
Bombay, GIL 600; Madras, 5000; and
Lucknow, 2s5,ooo. The religious census is
as follows: Hindoos and sikhs, 1lo, SOC, 900 !;
Mahometans 10, $50, COO Buddhists, Jews,
Parsees, and Christians, 1850, 200. The de-
tails of the occupations Of people are very
curious. There are 1886, ,000 persons
engaged in the Government service,
and C29, 600 are occupied with. religious
duties. There are also 63G authors, SIS
poets, dramatist (happy land y, speech
maker (thrice happy land J, 81 editors, 13o
astronomers, 5000 fortune-tellers, 81, 900 re-
igious mendicants, 10000 astrologers, 5 wiz.
ards, +65 "devildrivers," whatever they are,
218,000 engaged il the fine arts, 1000
musicians, $4,000 actors, 4, testers, 90
minics, 221 wrestlers, 15 bufoons, Is monkey.
dancers, 1000 snake-charmers, 400 bards,
$4,000 lawyers, $4,000 doctors, and 100000
'sguests or poor relations dependent upon
their rich kinsmen. The non-productive
classes number 2,265, 1000, but of these only
% return themselves as gamblers, es
pigeon-fyers, 40 as spies, 361 as pro-
fessional thieves, and 80 as ss bud.
mashes," Or vegabonds. When it is
considered that there are vast tracts Of forest
and jungle uninhabited, the density Of this
population is something very remarkable.
How small figure we cut in the world may
be estimated in considering these tremendous
Asiatic populations. Adding the population
of those provinces not under British control
in India, the entire population Of the country
is 235, ,076.St China has 425, 213, 1852 Japan,
80, 79+ ,so7; Ceylon 2,125, ,Ss4; Java, Il, ,2os,-.
200; Persia, 4,40o,ooo and Siam, II, 500, 600,
or total in these countries Of 778, ,711.979
people, occupying an area Of 6, sos, 7G5 square
quite twice the area Of the United
States. The United States has IN area Of
8, Goa, ,844 square miles, inhabited by about
10, ,ooo, ,o00 people, while these Asiatic coun-
tries have population almost twenty times
rs large upon an area not twice as large.
Japan corresponds most nearly to the United
States in population, having 32,794, ,S97,
agninst our 40, 600, 900 in round numbers; but,
while the area Of the United States is 3,603,- |
3A square miles, that Of Japan is only 156, ,604 |
square miles, averaging 2o9 per square mile,
while our average is but II to the square
nile. This density Of population prevails in
IL the Asiatic countries except Persia, being
u to the square mile in Ceylon, 2Gs in Chi
Ii, 2ol in India, 3a7 in Java, and II in Siam.
n Persia, where the population is steadily
leclining, the average is but to the square
, 1875-11-21

The Southern Pacific Railway Convention
has adjourned, after asking the people to
contribute few hundred millions to build
railroad to the land Of sage-brush and sand.
St Louis was unkindly snubbed. The Con-
vention voted down motion to barely name
that city in its resolutions. The cut was the
more unkind because one Of the persons
prominent in giving it was the Late Chief
Justice Of Arkansas, j. G. MCCLURE.
, 1875-11-21

The Ohio Democrats have abandoned the
attempt to defend the votes cast for their
candidates in Wood County. This Is not sur
pnsing when it is remembered that precinct
which never polled more than 800 votes be-
fore returned 5000 last month. The fraud
was 50 great that it was transparent.