The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-11-04
SPAIN.


to be burdened by accounts of the civil
and political conyulsions of Spain.
Within that time the Bourbon throne
was unwiliingly abdicated by a queen.
whose personal character was a dis
grace to her sex, and whose rule as q
monarch was ruin to her realm. The
Spanish people, thus suddenly relieved
from the incubus that this etfete royalty
OF the Bourbon name had SO long im-
posed, eagerly grasped the reins Of gov
ernment so suddenly let fall, and erected
a republic ON the ruins Of their Bourbon
throne.
Civil connections ensued. The "Iber-
Ian Republic" had to defend itsell
against tinsurrection within, and against
another pretender to the crown, who
waged war from without. Unsuited by,
their traditions, by their education, and
by the influence of all their domestic in.
stitutions, to the genius OF Republican
government, the Spaniards became Ke-
publican only in name; and even the
throne re-erected, and the crown and
sceptre were once more offered TO
Youthful scion OF the Bourbon race; and
Spain again received king from that
dynastic family which has for over two
centuries asserted divine right to gov
ern among the nations OF continental
Europe. "f
But, in discardIng their nominal Re-
public and in receiving king, the Span
lards failed in securing peace to Spain.
The internecine war that had been raw
aging her fields, demolishing her cities,
and consuming her people and their sub
Btance, continues to be waged with even
intensified bitterness between the two
Bourbon rivals to her ancient throne.
Nor is there any definite prospect Of the
ending of this butchery in Spain. Other
nations of Europe at first looked on with
alarm; now they look on with indiffer-
epce or disgust. Almost a year has
elapsed since the boy-king, Alfonso, en-
tered his Capital as the Sovereign Of that
oldest of the monarchies of Europe. And
yet the bloody strife continues to con-
sume the very yitals OF his kingdom,
and time gives no sign of its cessation.
That Iberian peninsula of the Euro
pean continent has the most remarkable
history of any existing kingdoms. Its
career commences even before civiliza-
lion had yet dawned upon the Teutonic
tribes, before the Romans ever saw
Britain, before the Frank had crossed the
Rhine. Its history is older tnan European
civilization.
Spain has been ruled over, in success.
sion, by nearly all of the human races.
The Canaanites once reigned there: 1t
was Phenician kingdom, colonized
from Carthage, on the African coast oi
the Mediterranean. The present city OF
Cadiz was founded by that Hamitic fam.
ily, descendants of the Canaanites, more
than five hundred years before the birth
of Christ. That city still remains, per.
haps the most ancient city of Western
Europe. From Spain the Phenician
generals, Hamilcar and Hannibal, led
their fierce legions against Rome.
The Pelasgian race, spreading on from
the Greek isles, came next; and the
Greek civilization, then little more thar
barbarism, attended the coming of the
scythians, before whom the Hamitit
race had to give way, and retire AGAR
TO Carthage, on the African coast.
But, again came the Arabs, the Moors
and the sons Of Ham once more reignet
over Spain; and they planted there
civilization more gorgeous and exalted
than any that Europe had before known
Under them, science and the useful art
were advanced far beyond the attain
ments OF any other European people o
that age. There and by them wer
founded, in Spain, the first of Europeal
universities. From those schools Of sci
snce came the most learned and re
nowned physicians of the then know
world. There was first anatomy taugh
by human dissection. There were frs
Instituted degrees in Science, accorde
to scholars by university sanction an
graduation. There were first publishe
our astronomical tables Of calculation
concerning planetary revolutions. eve
at a time when the "Christian" teacher
Dt Central Europe denied the rotation
the earth.
Those Arabs, the African Phenicians
the desendents Of Ham, when rulin
over Spain, were the forerunners
learning and civilization in Europ'
They taught the Christian world con
merce, arts, science, and political ecol
pmy. Europe never saw more brilliar
aud gorgeous type of civilization tina
that of the saracenic Empire Of Spain.
But the great Japhetic race, the Ar
ans, had been coming on from the pl
teaux OF Central Asia, and on from II
Caucasus and Armenia, and on from Il
Ural to the Danube, and still on fro
the Danube to the Guadelquiver; al
The Moors, those Arabian educators
Europe, were once more driven back
The fronting coasts of Africa. 'Tl
Boundaries Of Japheth" were enlarg'