davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06

NEW YORK, September -Cotton-QuiC
at l41Ea16c, Flour Unchanged. Rye Flou
Quiet and steady Corn AeRl-Quiet a
81 70a5 rs, Wheat-Dull, heavy and lower
No. . Chicago spring 81 26al 70; prime Dc
81 81; Northwest 81 81; No. 2 milwaukee,
nominally 81 SSai 81; No, l spring 81 40G
/ IS; mol Duluth q ~; winter red west
srn 81 4Oal45; new do q IS; amber western
81 46al AZ white Do 81 SO al 90. Rye-Dul
and unchanged, Barley-Quiet and un
cbaged. Mslt-Qulet.and unchanged. Corr
Dull and heavy, and 10 lower western
mixed 7Sa77o steamer; 77a7Sc sail; 66a7OC
damaged high mixed, and yellow western
79A79kC, Oats-lEeavy and la2c lower
new mixed and white 40a63c; old western
mixed 57a85cj Hay-UnohangOd. Coffee
Unchanged and very quiet sugar-Quiet
and heavy fair to good refining 6IGasISc
prime $40; refined quiet OF 10NallO fol
granulatedi lilo for powdered; ike crush
ed, MOlaIseS-Dull and heavy, Rice
Unchanged. Whlsky-Lower at 81 %.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06

never felt ready or willing 70 die until he
called his own name at the foot Of Bunker
Hill monument and himself answer that
he was a free man. This incident should
touch the heart Of Mr.. Toomhs in his old
age and cause him TO weepover his many
deeds Of cruelty to his former slaves,
Robert Toombs never called the roll OF
his slaves on Bunker's Hill, nor did he
ever lash them through the cornfelds Of
Ohio, nor will the same b done by any
man who shall live after him in America
-"the land Of the free"
THE PRoPRIEToRs,
Messrs. George L. Peyton & Co., are Vir-
ginians, who have spent many years in
charge Of this and other mineral springs
in Virginia, and know their business per.
IeCtly. They are clever, kind and cour.
teous, and are universally respected,
cannot close this article without thanking
Col. ]. Bernard Peyton, the courteous
room clerk, Mr.. "Ned" Stalmaker, office
clerk, and Major Noyes Rand, cashier,
for personal favors.
BY the way Col, ], B, Peyton is spok-
en- Of here BY prominent men for the
clerkship Of the next House Of Represen.
tatiyRa Of the United States, He has been
clerk OF the West Virginia House Of Del
egates for the past three years and has es.
tablished himself as superior officer. In
my opinion, better man for the place
cannot be found. He is not only n good
clerk, but he is a superior Landlord, and has
tho elements Of solid popularity about
him that is rarely found in any man. He
is Democrat, but he is a gentleman, and
as Democrat is to have the place. |
would rejoice to know that Col. Peyton
would be the man that is to receive Il,
PFpORTRu
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06
TRANSPORTATION.

except sunday
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06
New YorL DRY Goods.

New YORK, September 4.-The trade
movement continued fairly active with
commission houses and jobber% Cotton
goods in steady demand at unchanged
prices. Cotton 'aannels and Cheviots 40
tive. Prints in good demand and ging
hams in brisk fequest Worstod dres,
goods closely sold up to receipts by agents
Wool aannels and blankets In fair request
The Daily BWlietia says 1000 pieces Of oar
pet will be sold al auction on Wednesday,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06

closed at 6aKa69K. Pacific Nail reacted
to sex, and Western Union TO 7sJs. St
Paul declined to S5JS, preferred to s., and
Northwestern to SOA. The other changes
were slight. Included In the sales were 2l,'
900 Pacific Mail, 1900 Westen Union,
600 Northwestern, 5000 St. Paul, 200
Erie, and IS, 600 Lake Shore.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06

ings.
sroCKs-Were weak aud generally low.
er in the carly dealingS, bat afterwards be.
came firm, and a recovery took place ia
some cases. At the second call the market
was 6rm. Later there was falling OF in
prices, and the market closed dull and
weak. Lake Shore declined to SEX, and
Harlem to 1SS, but the latter closed at 1SS)f
alsl, Michigan Central fell Of to %, and
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1875-09-06
FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL
By TELEGRAPH.
New York Money and Stocks.

NEw YoRK, September 4.-AioNEY-
Closed easy at lag per cent. Prime mer,
camille pnper 4IIa0 per cent.
GoLD-opened at lax, and advanced
10 HAS, the closing price. The rates paid
for borrowing were S.6iai.37ai o. per cent
per diem, and 6aia9 per cent per annum.
AT the close loans were made 1at and at 2
per cent for carrying. Clearings s23,OOO,.
900. The Assistant Treasurer disbursed
$4,000. Customs receipts $4,000.
California adviceS received by bankers
to-day were generally encouraging, although
no time was mentioned for the opening Of
the Stock Exchange and resumption Of
business by the Bank Of California Kipr.
mans Financial News Agency has dis.
patch from San Francisco stating that the
Bank Of California statement will probably
not be ready for ten or twelve days.
CnyVBvtFtsT It0vNa- lN1nSad Ann
National Republican., 1875-06-09
place of beginning.


Tax fur wear ending June
30, 1873. ..--...--..S2O.7l.
Tax tHr year 1870, a.
sesscd in name Joseph
Csman .-.--.--...sS 20
Tax for erecting pump
levied February ], 1870.
assessed in name Of
Joseph Osman. Sj.2i
Second, third, and fourth
installments of tax for
curbing and paving
fOOtway, on in tere : I
from December ~ s68.
assessed il name Of
Joseph Usman. .s65 02
Beginning at the south
east corner OF said lot
and running north
along Third street east
twTnty-seVen fe g t ,
thence west with a line
parallel With the south
line Of said lot eighty
Eve feet, thence south
twenty-seven feet,
thence. east eishty-iv
feet to said Third street
TO the place of begin
National Republican., 1875-06-09
Tax for year 1865. .sI.27

II " du4s-td. tltE- ------
Tax fOryear ending June
30, Is73 .- S4T. nj
Tax for the year 1910, Is
ScsSed in name Of Fred.
ericlC HOlIer .--.S34 13I
Tax for erecting pump.
levied February j. 1870.
assessed in name OfI
Frederick HOlzer. .s3.2II
Beginning at the north
east corner Of said lot
and running west one
EIHt!rsd and thirty-I
three feet, thence south
thiIty-torr feet, thencei
east fOrtv-cight feet,
thence nUTth seven feet.
tRiPf@y HH1irn6s' north
tWenty-seven feet TO the
place of BEGINNING.
National Republican., 1875-06-09
on interest from Nav %
49, M

on interest from Nav ~.
lSIl Il------.SlI=.Ol
Nav, john NJ .-------
Al iHsiallmcnts Of tax
for paving carriage
way. ON interest from
May ~. SII2.OI
Mitchell. Jam,s.........
Macintosh, Jane. ....
Taxes for ls14. in name
Of JesseC Cost and others
beginning on New Jer-
sey avenue two hundred
and twenty-siN feet from
the northwest corner Of
said square, thence
SOUtheastwardlv along
said avenue twenty-five
feet. thence northeast
vaitily at right angles
with said avenue ont
bundled aud thirtv-twO
feet siN inches. thencr
north To intrTSrct a line
drawn northeast srwardlN
from he !lrsiHa.He. and
nj right angles to said
avenue. thence south.
wes:wa:dly alou" slil
l!mc 10 the place Of be,
ginning.
Murphy. John .....----.
Tan Ton. year Cu',ing june
70. ls13. 3.-..-.-..S2I. O.
BriuC the -nrth sixteen
ir"t front 10y the depth
Of sid lot.
AiurnhV, JOhn-.
National Republican., 1875-06-09
To whom assessed

Third and four, install
mentoftax fuTyyBs;rUyt
ing sewer, OF r":rr'.>
from November Il. Isl"
S:T.4.
Havinga a front oftw, nty
one feet On West IwCu
ty-secOnd street hv me
depth of the lot. and
neXtadjoining the nor:'
tWenty-Onc feet thereof.
Morgan. John
Fourth iI.Stai.mcEtC Of t@a
for constructing sewer
on interest from Janu,
arv 9, lS7I-..----.sIe.JI
Being the north thirteen
feet u.Ge iuci.es front Ui
said lot nv the depth
thereof. also having q
fTgCt q thirteen feet
six inches front of said
let on Tweutv-siNtl
street west. adjoining
fltF rrrTh rlF.t4yIt feet
National Republican., 1875-06-09

S'r.....E. ! "ajCt.@ -..--.'
Bc-.ru.Hl Jf q }u:ut On.
N,w IU.H .,vrnuc Tud.
tie line ri aid $gUaIr
disi. i.u!u TIC u"rtf-
wei voTurrut ,aid.
su:.al-. o'r" hundred and
ten e.. !ug:. inches. and.
TuL"i:'- theme, srEthrr-
" .: Ti-i., angles from
saIu GvrHnr niTefy-flvr
feet NtiucEcstoa point
wirl.r-l :iIc feet west of.
the ,ast line 81 10, eix.
thence due sulth eight.
e.. To- II street I"lth
ih'Ugt due east with Il
stlrtt five feet 10 the
suGt!ilH~l corner Of said.
let *. thence due moth.
GfIy uiue feet eight.
inches with the line Of
sad lot. thence Wrst-.
war,llv parallel with the.
lIUrCt NewNurk avenue
thr.r feet two inches.
thsrrC tftv frFtatlight.
angles with New York
avruUe I" said avenue.
tlCace with saitlnvt.nlr
twenty-five feet TO the
! Place Of beginning.
Murray, Isabella --..--..
( Being the east six inches
front by the depth Of
sid l1f
National Republican., 1875-06-09

7 7 IIIIE II0IIIT
274-- sub. 80 and McPhcTsun j. D., trust
imp. J.. p Fitch.
ga sub. % and McPhcrsou. J. D.. trust
imp. = 7. Fitch.
ga sub. 6J ant No IErFssun. J. D.. trust
imp. z. +. Fitch.
ga sub. Is and NJ E.hersnn. J. D., trust.
imp. Z. =. Fitch
Tax Tor wear ending Iunr
50. 1873 -.-.---...S Sill Si
163-- 81 of : and Murphy. James II .-,
National Republican., 1875-06-09

May, Peter -.--....---..-
MOsely, Peter .-----.-----I
Beginning at a point on
Virginia avenue one
hundred and fOUrteenl
feet west of the north
east corner of said lot
one, thence sOutherlyl
twenty-five feet, thencel
westerly sixteen feet,
thence northerly TWEEN
ty-fiye feet, thence east
erly sixteen feet to the
place Of beginning.
!, Nc Hugh, PatIick--....-.I
Tax for year lS69, As
ssssetl in name of Clara
V. Brown .-.--.s14. o.
MalOney Patrick..-.-...|
Tax for year 1861, as
sessedin nameOf Thomas
MalOney -.-.------t0. 70
Tax for year 1865, as
sessedin name of Patrick
Maloney..--.--.-.SO.5 90. S.
2 Mcqueen, Patrick.
Beginning Oh Virginia
avenue twenty-six feet
from the southwest cor
ner of said square,
thence eastwardly on
said avenue sixteen feet.
thence north at right
angles to said avenueI
one hundred feet. thence
westerly parallel with
said avenue sixteen
feet, thence to the place.
of beginning.
lMadisan, Pstrfck.--.:...
Tax for the year endinRl
June 30, 1913. 50. %
Fourth installment Of tax
for curbing and psviRgl
.fOOtway, on interest
from Septe Der 6.
1SG9.---..--.--..1 - 81
All installments Of tax
for cUl-bing an d paving
alley, On interest from
August :, lS7l.-..A %
Tax for erecting pump
levied November 81,
ls6O.-----.----.-.$ 80. l9l
Being the west three feet
front by the depth of
said lot. 90. l9l
q Madigan, PatTiek...---.-l
Tax for the year endingl
June 30, 1s73.-...-e6 60
Fourth insfallment of tax
for curbing and payingl
footway, on interest
from s eptem b er 8,
1863. 9...-..---.-.-SlL. "a
All installments Of tax
for curbing and payingl
alley, on Interest from
August Z, 1911 SIG. 6sl
e.. ,,,-.,,ts,,0, ,,,,,,,,,
National Republican., 1875-06-09
ls3-- 81 of : and Murphy, James

Ni.irr. dacOb C.-.--
NliiEStlllmcnts of tax fDT
constructing sewer, Un
interest from Ju.v l..
Ill. assessed in the
name cf Margaret Stew
afJ----------.-- S&l..5
! isC!.Ic i!.t- I'VE iCvt front
Of said Ia: On G. street
Lo":hirv the dePththcre-
Of. lNirg next and ad-
i"iU!IC the east twenty
five fr-ttIuutUf said lot.
Mccarthy. John
Being the nCrth twenty
feet front of said lot by
the depth of seveLty-six
feet six inches.
Mccarthy JOhn.----..-
/ Being the south ten feet
front Of said lot by the
dePth of seventy siA feet
six inches.
McDCuaid. IsabC,la..
National Republican., 1875-06-09
THE DAILY NATIONAL REPUBLICAN, WASHINGTON D. g. 1875.
to the place of begiI

to the place of begin
ming.
Martin, John W .....-...
Tax for the year ending.
Jnne 20, 1873 --.sl4.2lI
Martin, John W-...--.-I
Tax for the year ending
June 30. 1919. ..-..Sl9.36I
Mason, Kitty ..--.-.-----I
Tax for the year ending
June 30, 1873 .S25.69I
Tax for year 1868 ga 81
Tax for year 1867. .Sls.16I
Tax for lighting streets,
lS6a 1865, leGG, 1861.
S4.l3
beginning eighteen feet
nine inches north from
the southwest corner Of.
said lot, running thence.
east fOrty-eight feet
seven inches, thence.
north eighteen feet nine.
inches, thence west for
ty-eight feet seven inch
es, thence south eigh-
teen feet nine inches to
the place of beginning.
Meynburgh, X.
Taxes for 1874. in name
of Leonard s. Chapman
Tax for year 1870, as
scssed in name of i. 5.
Chapman - ..--- S1.2O
Tax for year 1869, as
sessed in name of II. G..
Stewart .....-..-- s GO
Murphy, Kyram A ------
Second. third. and fourth
installments of tax for
Curbing and paving
foOtway, on interest
from November 3, 1870,
in name of H. Kup-
pert. $50. 90
ATnHnr, vr.y.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1875-02-18
THE LEGS LATURE.

In the Senate yesterday the Ju-
dietary Committee reported tavorably
ON Davenport's gambling bill. Mr..
Cassidy gave notice that Ii" wunld flle
a minority report on the same bill. The
Governors veto of the bill granting the
right of way for railroad from the
coal mines in Lyon county to Virginia
CITY was considered, and the Dill
passed over the veto by vote OF Il
to /. A message from the Governor
was received announcing his approval
of Senate bill No. Sc, relative to the
government of the State Prison. "A
resolutions was introduce d recommending
Congress to increase the capacity OF e
Carson Mint.
In the Assembly the Committee on
Education reported back Asst mhiy bill
to abolish the office OF Superintendent
of Public Schools, and recommended
that it do not pass. A majority OF the
Committee on Counties aud County
Boundaries recommended the passage
of the bill to remove the county seai OF
Esmeralda from Aurora TO Columbus.
On motion OF Mr. Buckner, the report
of Joint Special Committee on state
Prison was taken faom the table. On
motion OF Mr.. Hagan the rules we're
amended so that the Assembly shall
hereafter meet at 10 iustead of ii . clock
A.. M. New bills were introduced as
follows: TO collect taxes GU mlh.ng
stocks; to amend the Act incorporating
the town of Hamilton; to lhcOil CRATE
the town of Gold Hill; to amend Acts
granting toll road franchises; to pro-
vide ways and means for the compile
ton of the new State Prison at Reno;
to provide for the pay ment of claims OF
Ormsby county; to amend Acts relative
to the State Library; to provide for
fire wardens in incorporated towns; to
make appropriations for the supper OF
the State Government; to authorize ii Q
| Controller to sell certain reul estate
belonging to the State.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1875-02-18
CHANGE OF FIRM.

~ REINHARF HAVING PURCHASED
AAs the business of keinhart Brothers, ut
this place, will ner, after onauct the same
under the name Il II INhAkr a co.
rendering at the same time my best and
heartfelt thanks to my friends and patrons
for fay, IN and their very liberal patronage in
the past. | assure them that it shall always
be my greatest aim and endtavor TO merit by
lair and honorable dealing u continuance If
the same in the future 10 III he pasl.
h. kEINHART.
Winnemucea, February 2, l375-tf
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1875-02-18
REGULATING FARES AND
tREIGHrS.

BILLS almost innumerable have been
introduced in the Legislature during
its present session relative to railroads
and regulating fares and frelghts on
same. One, Assembly bill No. 40, was
referred to the Assembly STANDING
Committee on Corporations and hail-
roads. This committee Is composed Oh
J. T. Smith, ]. b. Van Hhgen, >. ~.
Jobnson. Nelson Allen and }. w. Ilaynie,
all of whom, SO far as their Votes on
questions atfectiugr ilroadsindlca'e'a are
disposed to deal justly with the people
aud with the corporations. They have
reported on the bill, and say that after
thorough investigation they haYe
come to an ulifavorable concihs on
thereon. and recommend that II be IN
definitely postponed. They say they
recognize the fact that the people OF
Nevada labor under manifold disadvah-
tares in respect of the trans prta-
ton of freight, aud while situated
nearer Eastern markets are compelled
TO pay higher freight than the people
of San Francisco, and that an unjust
discrimination is constantly beng made
against them. That an evil exists Is
certain, but the question OF renedy Is
involved in doubt and perplexIty. For
unjust charges made by COMPANIES be
yond the limits OF the State, the com
mittee believes the only remedy Is III
an appeal to Congress, and 1t Is unde-
eided as to whether the Legislature Is
empowered to regulate rates upon ralb-
roads passing through the State, bat
forming part OF continuous CONT
mental line. This Issue has been fought
in several courts with varying results,
and has now reached the Supreme
Court of the United States, where II
awaits final determination. The COM
mittee being OF the opinion that the
Supreme Court will decide that 1t is a
matter for Congre ssional action, recon-
mends that nothing should he done 10y
the Legislature at present, further than
the passage of resolutions instrucuug
our Senators and Representative Ill
Congress to SEE that the evils are
remedied. The committee finds no
complaint against any of the companies
ORGANIZED under the laws of thls State
for oyerchargee, or discrimination
against places or individuals. The
general railroad laws OF the State al ow
ten cents per mile for ch passenger
and twenty cents per Ma, each ton
committee has beeu able G., find have
these rates been exceeded. This re-
port determines the question OF regulat-
ing fares and freights on railroads SO far
as tie present Legislature is concerned.
W hetAF the power 10 40 so Is vested
ia the Legislatures of States through
which inter State railroads pass or IN
Congress viii be decided by the SUI
preme Court of the United States.
Until TIA It decision is rendered, aud IN
all probability Tor many years there
after, no reduction III fares and freighta
need be expected in Nevada. Railroad
companies are like stage companies,
teams,ers, and everybody els, they
charge high rates where there IS no
competition or the slightest probability
Of their being any for many years; Yet
in no instance i'll this State as much as
they are allowed by law.
ezzzzxzxzxzzzzszzE1rsazsfzE<FHnw
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1875-02-18
NEW TO DAY.
N o e.

~ Office IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT At
~ meeting the Il ard 81 Trustees OF
hinnemurea Schooi istriet, No. held in
the -cho lhouse in said District ON the I'd
day Of ebruary, A. ID. 1915, IL wa- moved aud
unabimpurly carried thar the question IF
laisinl by Special ak the sum of IVY ntY-
five ts2,5o) Hundred Dollars 10 BE- appro-
prated t. the building If an addi.l1 nal
school.hou and to the repairing Of the old
one should by said Btard be .ubmitted to the
qualiitd l. eetors Of said District.
Now, tn refore, he it known that a Special
III cti is hereby called for the object set
forth above, said Ileetio to be held at the
sehool-house, III Ninntmucea, unboldt
c. unity, Nevada, cn he 20 Ii day # March, .
D. 1875 between the hours Of 10 A. Mp NJ.
Of said day. The Ballot said Election shall
contain the words " lax. Yes" or lax, 10. -"
A. KLEINHA :,
q. w. WALKER.
JAMES BUCKN Il,
Board Trustees Winnemucca District No. Z.
Minnemncca, February II, 1915 It'd
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1875-02-18

how TO CURE SORE THROAT.
"One who has tried i" communicates
the following reasonable item about
curing sore throat: Let each one of
your half million readers buy ut any
oil and five cents worth Of chloride of
potash. Whenever any soreness APP
pears III the throat, put the potash in
halt II tumbler of water, and with it
gargie the throat thoroughly, then rub
the neck thoroughly with the cam
phorated oil ut night before going to
bed, and also pin around the throat a
small strip of wooden flannel This is
a simple, cheap and sure remedy.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1875-02-18

lease Kim from his liabilities by SIM
ply surrendtring bis interest III the
goods on band, although their va'ne
might equal the amount OF the a' o''
would it be within the province OF the
Legislature to pass such an Act or
grant snch PRAYER. and that too
AGAINST the protest of the other partes
in interest? Willie our Legislature
has undoubtedly the right t" create
new counties. it is grave qnesf'"n
whether it has the right to gr'nt snch
a relief bill as is asked for by the dISnf-
fected portion Of this county, which
amounts to a Reputation OF the debt,
and a loss TO the creditors. If such an
Act would b. valid, ] see no reason
why the people OF Northern ana East
ern Humboldt have not eqnaiiv hS
good right to be let off and establish
comfy government for tb. mstlvts, II
by doing so we can escape the payment
of the county debt. If Lnveaga's hill
masses and il held to he valid, then
propose to take immediate steps for
the organization of n new county 10 ne
known as Eden county, with the fol-
lowing boundaries, to wit: Commence
ing ut the northeasterly corner OF
Bnena Vista county; thence running
north along the liueot Humboldt county
tn the northeast corner Of said county;
thence west along the south me or
boundary of Oregon to a point where
said line crosses the Winnemncca and
Idano road, about ten miles northwest
from Camp McDtrmit; thence IN
southerly direction along said rond to
Flnn's Station; thence III straight
hne to TUE Switch, GU the Central Pa
cIfic Railroad; thence due south to tue
line OF Buena Vista county; th~uce
east to place OF beginning. The county
seat of SAID county is to be located at
Badger Ranch, and the following
named persons to be appointed county
officers until the next general election:
sheriff. A. z. Robinson; Recorder, NJ
Meador; Clerk, G. H. Stevens; Asses
sor, Louis Lay; Treasurer, Peter Fly M;
Surveyor, Marx Havlland; District At
toruey, John Malluix; Public Admin
istiator, j. L. Anderson; Superlhtend-
eut of Pubic schools, james Ritcbie;
County Commissioners. Joe Carl. Ed
Lying and H. H. McColly; SAID officers
to qualify and enter upon the duties 81
their respective offices within thirty
days after the passage Of the Act. lie
county Of Eden will Seltle with Hum
boldt county ON the same terms and
conditions AS provided III the bill Gre
ating the county OF Buena Vista; even
more, the county OF Eden will be viii
ling to pay the balance Of the Judges
salary, which is certainly liberal; aud
c"n SEE no good reason why the pto-
pie of Northern and Easteru Humboldt
have not as good III ht to avail them
selves Of the benefit Of division ~
those OF the southern part Of the
county. provided We have sufficient
coin to carry the measure through the
Legislature; aud | hope and trust the
people Of Winnemucca will not be fool
ish enough to oppose the measure, as
by that time they will probably have
learned that it is no use to do 80.
j. c. i.