davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
Summer Care of Apple Trees.

WE frequently notice apple orchards in
which nearly every tree is surrounded by
dense mass of suckers springing from
the base of the stems or larger roots To
remove these is one of the things needing
attention in summer. The longer the
suckers are allowed to remain the more
difficult to remove, and the more abundant
they are likely to become. If the sap of
the tree is diverted from the branches to
producing suckers at the base of
the stem the more abundant will
buds become at this point, hence the
continual increase of such useless and in
furious appendages. BE
In removing suckers the soil should be
removed to their very base, and then cut
them away with a sharp instrument. A
strong chisel is an excellent implement
for this purpose. After removal fill IN the
earth again. While the base of the stem
is laid bare it is a good time to look for
apple-tree borers, especially the larva of
the Saperda candida, which usually de-
posts her eggs close to or just under the
surface of the ground. If one has ashes,
lime, charcoal or even old plaster from
walls, it may be applied around the stems
of apple trees with beneficial results.
The removal of what are called sap
sprouts" from the main branches of all
trees should be attended to while they are
small, unless one cares nothing for the
future welfare of his orchard, Every
seasons neglect only tends to increase the
quantity as well as injurious effects. Tent
and canker worms need looking after at
this season, and the first appearance of
those pests should be needed, else multi
plication of numbers will bring CORE
spending disastrous results.
Washing the stems and larger branches
with sott-soap will not only remove the
mass and old dead bark but prevent in
sects from depositing their eggs thereon.
The flat-headed apple-tree berer (Ch1uso-
bottrts femorata) is very partial to neglect.
ed apple trees with very rough bark
as the cracks are convenient and safe
places for laying her eggs, but when
scraped smooth and well coated with some
soapy substance they are usually avoided
by this mischievous insect The various
species of bark lice so destructive in
some portions of the country may also be
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
To Obtain Fruit From Barren Trees.

\ CORRESPONDENT of the american
1griculturist says Il wish to describe to
you a method of making fruit trees bear
that | blundered on Some fifteen years
ago | had a small apple tree that leaned
considerably. | drove a stake by it, tied a
string to limb and fastened it to the stake
The next year that limb blossOmed full,
and not another blossom appeared on the
tree, and, as Tim Bunker said, 1t sOt me
thinking and | came to the conclusion
that the string was so tight that it prevented
the sap returning to the roots: consequent
ly it formed fruit buds. Having couple
Of pear trees that were large enough to
bear but had never blossomed, | took a
coarse Irvine and and wound it several
times around the tree above the lower
limbs and tied it as tight as | could. The
next spring all the top above the cord bios
sOmed as white as a sheet, and there was
not one blossom below where the cord was
tied. have since tried the experiment on
several trees almost with the same result.
| think it much better way than cutting
off the roots. In early summer, say June
or July, wind a strong Irvine around the
tree, or single limb, and tie it. the light
er the better, and you will be pleased with
the result; the next winter or spring the
cord may be taken off"
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
Dangerous Hay-Making.

"WnD hay" is the name given by the
Swiss to hay made from the grass grow
ing or strips of soil to be found on the
Alps at height of from 5000 to 5000
feet, in places so difficult of access that
even the goat-herd and his venturesome
flock fOrbear to visit them. This hay is
so valuable from its excellent quality and
delicious aroma that a regular hay-har-
vest is yearly undertaken on these al
most inaccessible places in spite of the
danger to life and limb involved in the
attempt. The hay-makers are shod with
iron, and secure themselves with ropes to
some sure hold when in especially danger
Gus places, but fatal accidents occur every
year. Its reckoned that one man can make
a hundredweight of hay daily. This he
either carries home at night in net slung
over his shoulder or stacks it on the mount
ain, whence it is removed in a sledge
when the snow comes. This wild hay is
essential to the maintenance of the Alpine
cattle, the produce of the valleys being
insufficient for their winter keep, besides
being Of inferior quality TO this hard-won
spoil from those hooks in the everlasting
hills upon which the suns rays still linger
when they have long since left the valleys.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
Married at Short Notice.

THE Norwich Comm Bulletin presents
the following as a commendablc example
of enterprise in the matrimonial way:
" 4 short time ago two men rode into the
village of Ny site from the neighboring
town, in rustic wagon, and one of
them, seeming to be the business man Of
the two, inquired if there were any wild
ows or spinsters in town that would like
to indulge in matrimony; for, said he,
my friend here has lost his companion
and must have wife. A negative answer
was given, but upon moments reflection
the name OF a certain bereaved one was
given as possibility. The widower and
his friend repaired to the house of the
sorrowing widow; the story was told, de-
scribing the lonely situation Of the
afflicted father, with two children well
married and others independent, but
motherless, and the inevitable question
was, VIII you marry this gentleman :?
Yes, verify, was the substance of the quick
response, but it would require five
weeks to fill the previous engagements
and prepare. Done. And at the end of
five weeks the matrimonial knot was Joy
fully tied, proving the enterprise to be a
tide in their affairs taken at its flood and
leading, we hope, to happiness"
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
DiSinfectantS.

THE only certain, speedy and pcrma-
ncnt disinfectant known to man is clean
illness.
Antseptics are substances which arrest
and prevent decay, such as Creosote. De
odorizers take away the i'll smell attached
to localities arising from decomposition
either by absorption as pulverized char
coal, or by forming new chemical combi-
nations, as copperas. But many deodori-
GERS have an odor Of their own which
Ovcrpowers that sought to be got rid of;
among these are burning tar and brown
sugar sprinkled on burning Goals.
Disintectants are substances which take
away the power Of conveying disease. The
emanations from what passes out of the
body of persons having cholera cause the
disease in others; hut if carbolc acid is
instantly thrown upon these objections
they are rendered harmless Common
copperas, called sulphate of iron, in its
crude state can be purchased for five cents
a pound; this dissolved in two gallons of
water and thrown over ill-smelling places
is the cheapest, simplest and most con-
venient deOdorizer, and is applicable to
privies, sinks, cellars, cutters and heaps
of otfal. Common fresh dug earth is eff
Gent, plentifully sprinkled over offensive
places.
y cheap and easily available disinfect-
ant and deodOrizer is made of bushel of
salt in a barrel of water, then add enough
unslacked. that is, fresh, lime which has
never been exposed to dampness to make
the whole into thin paste, to be applied
as often as necessary to all places yielding
offensive smells, such as cutters, sinks,
cesspools and the like; this is homemade
chloride Of lime.
But all disinfectants, deodorizers and
antiseptics must be applied from time to
time; it is less trouble and a greater wis
dom to sedulOusly cultivate habits of the
suictest cleanliness in person, clothing
and habitation, indoor and out, as well in
the hall; not neglecting a corner or GREY
ice in the whole building, keeping an eye
to one point always, that wherever there
is dampness there is disease, and that
moral purity and filth in any form are alb
solutely Incompatible Jouraal o.
! Hedlh. .-
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
HOUSEHOLD HINTS.

A MIXTURE of ten parts lime and one
part saltpeter is said TO destroy currant
worms without injuring the truit.-scioi-
tire AmericdR.
VEGETABLES should never be washed
until Immediately before prepared for the
table. Lettuce is made almost worthless
in flavor by dipping it in water some hours
before it is served Potatoes suffer even
more than other vegetables through the
washing process. They should not be put
in water till just ready for boiling.
..yupIeSome and dis
o,rurlng. The following is a perfect cure,
even of the largest without leaving any
scar. 1t is Frenchman's prescription
and has been tested by the writer: Take
small piece of raw beef, steeplt all night
in vinegar, cut as much from it as Will
cover the wart and tie it on 1t; or, II the
excrescence is on the forehead, tasten IL
on with strips of sticking-plaster. ltmay
be removed in the day and put on every
night. In one fortnight the wart will die
and peel off. The same prescription Will
cure corns-H0uSeh0ld.
SUET butter has not commended Itself
to the public taste or the public press.
People have an old-time notion that butter
should come from cows instead OF oxen
and they set their faces and stomachs
against the patent compound. Still, there
is abundant evidence that large quantities
are manufactured and sold, and of course
eaten. There is a large factory in Hamil-
ton. Canada, from which some 2oOo
mounds per week of imitation butter are
shipped to all parts of the world. An
other and still larger establishment in BoS-
ton turns out very great product. In
many cases. it is said, this butter finds its
way directly to the butter producing dis
triCts of New York and New Jersey, and
then it is sent to market as genuine spring
butter II is certain that immense guam
titles of the oleomargarin are sold by deal
ers as true butter, and that the profits Of
the trade are very large. 1t is also said
that very many of the hotels and restau-
rants in the large cities deal out their suet
frauds to their customers, and that the
latter rarely discover the cheat.-IFoon-
socbet r. ~ Patriot.
SPATTER-wORK pictures, usually deli
cate designs in white appearing upon
softlv-shaded ground, are now very popu-
lar. and are. with a little practice, easily
=
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

THIS is an advertising age. Every man
who is up to the times takes care that the
world knows it. A trade candle is not hidden
under bushel, butplaced upon a hill. Bust
ness is found to increase in direct ratio with
the amount of money judiciously expended
in letting the public know where you are and
what you have got to sell. The great diff
Guilty is to know when, where and how to do
it. This led to the establishment of adver-
Using agencies, of which the most extensive
and reliable is that of Geo. P. Rowell d Co..
of New York, which has met with a success
unparalleled in the history of similar under
takings. They are the largest customers the
newspapers of the United States have, and
have so managed to simplify and arrange the
advertising system as secures the greatest
amount of publicity for the lowest amount
of money. More than five thousand Ameri-
can periodicals are received regularly, and
kept on file at their Office, which is located in
the New York Times building, Al Park Row.
and we are informed that their corps of as.
sistants outnumber the combined force Of
any four similar establishments now in ex-
istence. Visitors to New York will find their
office capital place to find news from home.
for it must be secluded spot which is not
represented by paper on their extensive
files, which are always open to free inspcc.
tion.-Daoenport (IopG) Democrat.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
Disrespect at Home.


ONE Of the dangers of the house life is
this habit of disrespect-that which is
bred by familiarity. People who are all
beauty and sunshine for a crowd Of stran.
gers, for whom they have not the faintest
affection, are all uglincss and gloom for
their own, by whose love they live. Tho
pleasant little prettiness of dress and per
sonal adornment, which mark the desire
to please, are put on only for the admira-
ton of those whose admiration goes for
nothing, while the house companions are
treated only to the ragged gowns and
thread bare coats, the touzlcd hair and
stubby beard, which, if marking the ease
and comfort of the sans tdc0n of home,
mark also the indifference and disrespect
which do so much damage to the sweet
ness and delicacy of daily life. And what
is true of the dress is truer still of the
manners and tempers of home, in both of
which we find too often that want of re-
spect which seems to run side by side with
affection and the custom of familiarity
1t is a regretable habit under any of It's
conditions, but never more so than when
it invades the home and endangers still
more that which is already too much en-
dangercd by other things. Parents and
up-bringers do not pay enough attention to
this in the young. They allow habits of
disrespect to be formed-rude, rough,
insolent, impatient-and salve over the
sore with the stereotyped excuse: "They
mean nothing by it," which, if we look at
it Alright, is worse than no excuse at all :;
for if they really mean nothing by it, and
their disrespect is not what it seems to be,
the result of strong anger, uncomfortable
temper, but is merely a habit, then it
ought TO be conquered without loss of time,
being merely manner that hurts all par
ties alike.-London Queen.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

WuHoFT's Tonic !-UNFAILING AND 1y
FALLIBLE This great Chill Tonic eprs
Chills without the Intervention of DINO
and their bills. No consulting wills. en-
prescriptions to be tilled-no hug added to
falling pecuniary embarrassment the poor
loss Of health. 1t is the frie9rc arn a living,
man because it enables him. ensrrs him to
a and of the reh eeca Th boon to
Kind is ehea g. sd P,recaerretors, New Orleans
For SALE BY AL DRuGelsrs'
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

kept in check by frequent applications Of
soap or strong I've during the early part
of summer, before the scales of these in
sects become hardened. Good cultiva-
ton or liberal mulching when the trees,
are growing in dry soils will do much
toward keeping them free from bark lice
Stunted trees, like stunted, half-starved
animals, invite the attacks of parasitic
insects and diseases. If every farmer
would keep this in mind there need be
little theorizing in regard to causes of fail.
ure among plants or ami
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

PERSONAL III sIMaSo.r S1sa"'gss'' . EisIr
LATOR myself and in my family for years
and pronounce it one Of the most satls
factory medicines that can be used. Noth,
ing would induce me TO be without IL, anu
I recommend all my friends, if they want to
secure health, to always keep it on hand
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

The Methodists of Canada have now
ten educational institutions employing
ninety instructors for about 500 pupils.
Seven are academies for girls. The en-
dowments and property of these institu-
lions are valued at 100000, and the ex-
penditures for last year amounted to $780,.
600 -a ..7.. {
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

=" What are We dancing around fur?'
inquired bootblack yesterday Of boy
acquaintance whose face was covered with
smiles, and who was executing a double
shuttle. "Glory huff for one dayr re.
piled the lad, jumping still higher; "cow
got into the garden this morning and
tramped every bed as flat as your hat, and
won't have to pull aweed this summer!'
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12
To remove rust from steel immerse

To remove rust from steel immerse
the article to be cleaned for few minutes
until all dirt and rust is taken Off in a
strong solution of cyanide of potassium,
say about one-half ounce in wine-glass-
full of water; take out and clean with a
tooth brush, with paste composed OF
cyanide of potassium, CASTLE soap, whiten-
ing and UNDERESTIMATE american,
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

ADoLPH SToRosKEMoDRACHo was
lodged in New Haven station-house the
other night for drunkenness. When they
had shut him up in his cell the further end
of his name was still trailing out upon the
street
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

OFFICERS and soldiers who served in the
army, physicians, surgeons and eminent
men and women everywhere, join in recon-
mending Jo'tnson's 4fodyne LtnIn'emt to De
the hest internal and external family medi-
cine ever invented. That's. our experience.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

ALL the year round Sheridan's Caodlry
Condition Popders should be given to horses
that are kept up" To horses ana eatIle
that Craze in summer they should only DC
given in winter and spring.
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

THE Supervisors of Pennsbury Town
ship, Chester County, Pa, have been held
TO bail to answer at court the charge OF
performance of duty in not keeping
the roads in good condition,
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

The best recipe for red checks is plenty
of exercise, an equal amount of sleep, lots
of plain food, with pleasant thoughts and
good companions. If that does not bring
the carnation, remember that the white
rose is lovelicr than the red, and be con-
tor
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

No WONDER the world is sour. f. L. Prus.
sing y Co, Chicago, can make $50 barrels
White Wine Vinegar daily,
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

sthma and Catarrh.-see ID. LanseAs au' u
The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-12

Nv,xxr BOOK" Gleantpgs" No1c ready. Agents
n ENS adde's, LOUIS LLOYD co Chicago.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-23
COPYRIGHTS in CANADA.

MEASURE INTRODUCED BY THE DOMINION GOVRR~
MENT-PRIvU.EGE OF OBTAINING COPYRIGHTS TO
BE EXTENDED TO EVERYBODY WHOSE WORK ~
PRODUCED IN CANADA.
OTTAWA, Feb. 22.-The Government has III
troduced into the Senate bill consolidating and
designed TO amend in some important particulars the
Copyright act OF 1868, with amendments The act only
gave copyrights in Canada to British subjects Thenew
act will throw open that privilege to everybody long
as the work ia published produced In Canada Pend
ing the publication republication in Canada OF
literary, scientific arstlcal workithe author or hs
legal representative may obtain interim copyright
by deposne In the Office of the Minister OF Agriculture
a copy OF the title designation Of such worR
intended for publication or rcpuDlcat0n IN Can,
ada the title or designation 10 be registered
secure TO the author aforesaid the exclusive rSnt recog-
nized by this act pre- to publication OF repubca
ton Canada the sad interim registration, however,
MOTTO endure for than three months from s dato
poses penalties any person who imports prints, re-
prints, republiShes works on which copyrighS
or interim copyright has been obtained But the clause
directly bearing upon the question which has gwen rse
oegslaon s as follows: through the neglect or uh-
willingness OF author to obtain in the manner herein
prescribed the copyright OF her works, or through the
want of repubshng and registration Ia Canada within
three months work having been the subject OF an in
term copyright person has undertaken the republ
cation Of such works, has imported foreign reprints
such works after paying the royalty prescribed In
virtue OF any imperial law the subject such person
shall acquired the right Of dspOslDg by sale CT
OF the nufAber or copies thus actually repro
process Of being praduced or thus imported
Tie proof however, in sucn case shall be with suen
psrson TO establish the extent aud regularity OF sneb
New-York tribune., 1875-02-23
THE PACIFIC RAILROADS.

JUDGE swAYNE's DECISION AS TO NET EARNINGS
THE EFFECT ON THE OFFER OF THE PACIFIC RAIL
RoADs-THE GOVERNMENT LOSES UNDER 1T
S20O.OOO YEAR WHICH 1T HAs nEREToFoRE
CLAIMED - GREATER PROBABILITY THAT THE
OFFER OF TIE RAILROADS WILL BE ACCEPTED.
lFRoM REGULAR CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNE
WASHINGTON, Feb. 22.-Since the Union Ia
cifc Railroad submitted the first proposition for
compromise with the Government, and the estab-
lishment Of sinking fund b. the payment OF from
S5OOO00 to S150,000 year into the Treas
ury to meet the obligations of the road,
the Supreme Court has rendered decision
which greatly reduces the Governments CLAIM.
Heretofore the Government has held that
only the operating expenses were to be deducted
from the receipts, and that what remained WAS to
be estimated as the net earnings on which it was
entitled to per cent This decision allows the
deduction of interest as well operating expenses,
and the per cent is to be calculated only on the
residue The saving to the Union Pacific amounts
to upward of 100000 annually.
Since the fact of this decision has come TO the
knowledge of the Secretary Of the Treasury it has
been his decided opinion that the best interests Of
the Government call for settlement with the
Union Pacific on the terms which IT proposed before
the decision was announced, and which are more
favorable il is thought than would be offered again.
The Secretary is expected 10 send n communication
to Congress on the subject, strongly urging the set
tlement.
The Central Pacific offer is not likely to receive
so hearty an ndorsement. This branch Of the
road owes more and offers less than the other.