davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
with which extinguisher he gently dis
engaged himself from the clutches of
his adversarv
The Transit Of Venus.

1t is we'll known that not only the col
ored lines but also the shapes of bodies
are given in the spsctroseope. Thus
the red protuberances on the sun, being
vast masses of red-hot hydrogen, can
always be distinctly seen in the red
when the suns limb is brought exactly
over the slit of the spectroscope. So
also there are occasional vast volcanic
eruptions, of magnesium, in the sun,
and the shapes aud forms of these also
can be seen in the green Of the spectrum,
when the slit is similarly arranged. It
is proposed to utilize this popularity in
observing transits of Venus. If we can
manage to place the slit on the precise
spot occupied by Venus the lines viii
be broken, as the chromospheFe viii be
eclipsed in this part by the planet, and
We can follow the planets motion until
the break in the line travels down TO
the spectrum of the sun; this wall mark
the instant of exterior contact at in
gress. At egress the problem is sim
pier, as the actual place occupied by
the planet prior to external contact can
be seen by an observer set to watch the
suns image on the slit of the spectre
scope. An obvious objection to this
method, if better one can be found,
lies in the fact that Venus has, as it
we're, to be &c fished for" prior to exter--
nal contact at egress, and that the
slightest error in following the planets
motion would render the mode of obseT-
vation useless.
A letter from Honolulu gives some
interesting particulars in regard to the
observations of the transit of Venus at
that station. The writer says: "The
atmo spheric conditions were favorable
for the observations 150 measures of
casps and limbs and sixty photographs
were obtained. A totally unexpected
appearance was presented at the in
ternal contact. The disk of the planet
became visible as an entire circle some
minutes before contact, and from then
to the complete establishment no defin-
ite or sudden phase was observed.
There was no black drop after the in
ternal contact. Twenty out of sixty
photographs came out blurred. Valu
able results, however, were obtained.
The first external contact occurred at
seven minutes past three and the first
internal contact at two minutes later
than the " "British Nautical Almanac"
stated. The revelation of the complete
circle of the planet occurred before the
actual internal contact, owing to the
effalgence of the corona, the sun illu-
minating the whole surface of Venus
before the complete immersion"
The unexpected appearance" here
referred to was, however, observed and
recorded in the former transits of 176l
and 1869. In the observations oI
Chappe d'Auteroche in the latter year,
recorded by Cassini, drawing is actu-
ally given of the horns of Venus visible
beyond the edge of the sun, and il
seems probable from the text that the
planet was actually seen on the SUMS
chromosphere at the moment of egress.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25

period of mature female life, and then
goes down, down, until it reaches the
level from which it started.
There are, therefore, two eliminating
points, and while the line on the male
chart is undulating and sustained, that
on the female chart is vertical and alb
rupt. The lower of the male culmi-
mating points is the higher of the fe-
male, and contrariwise, the lower of the
female is the higher of the male.
These charts do not show the relative
frequency of suicides among the two
sexes. The ratio of suicides to popu-
lation in the United States is (for the
period covered by the last decennial
census) % to 1OO, 900 among males, and
8 to 100, 900 among females. The only
periods at which suicides are nearly
equal for both sexes is from 15 to 20
years, during which the number of boy
suicides was 81, of girl suicides 80.
After this the number of suicides
among males is much greater than
among females.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
REGULAR Eating.

Half of all ordinary diseases would
be banished from civilized life and dys-
pepsia become almost unknown if every
body would eat but thrice day at reg
uiar times and not an atom between
meals, the interval not being less than
five hours, that being the time required
| to digest a full meal and pass it out of
the stomach.
If a person eats between meals the
process of digestion is arrested until
the last which has been eaten is brought
into the condition of the former meal,
just as if water is boiling and ice put in
the whole ceases to boil until the ice is
melted and brought to the boiling point
and then the whole boils together.
But it is the law of nature that all
food begins TO decay, to rot, after ex-
posUre to heat and moisture for a GER
tain time. If a meal is eaten and in
two hours another, the whole remains
undigested for several hours, before
which time the rottening process com
mences and the man has his stomach
full of carrion-the very idea of which
is horribly disgusting but that such is
the case the uncomfortable odor of the
belching demonstrates.
AS, then, all the food in the stomach
is in rotten condition, in a state of
fermentive decay, it becomes unfit for
the purposes of nutrition and making
pure blood in the whole body; hence
the,nerves, which feed on this impure
and imperfect blood, are not properly
nourished, and, as a consequence, be-
come diseased. "They complain " they
are hungry-and like a hungry man
they are peevish, fretful, restless. We
call it nervousness, and no one ever
knew a dyspeptic who was not restless,
fdgety, fretful, and essentially dis
agreeable and uncertain.
The stomach is made up of a number
of muscles, all of which are brought
into requisition in the process of diges-
tion. But no muscle can work always.
The busy heart is in a state of perfect
repose one-third Of its time. The eye
can wink twice in q second, but This
could not be continued five minutes.
The hands and feet must have rest, and
SO with the muscles of the stomach !;
they can only rest when there is no
work for them to do-no food in the
stomach to digest. Even at five hours
interval, and eating thrice day, they
are kept constantly at work from break
fast until the last meal is disposed of,
usually ten o'clock,,at night. But null
titudes eat heartily till within an hour
of bed time thus, while the other por-
tions of the body are at rest, the
stomach is kept laboring until almost
daylight, and made to begin again at
breakfast-time. No wonder is it that
the stomach is worn Out-has lost its
power of action. Many girls become
dyspeptic before they are out of their
teens in consequence of their being
about the house and nibbling at every
thing they lay their eyes on that is good
to eat.-HalE'S Journal.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
when People Think OF suicide.

The influence of age upon suicide is
q study of more than speculative inter
est on account of its practical bearings,
and of the ease and precision with
which it can be demonstrated. By age
is meant the critical periods of life.
These periods having many cOmponents
besides the mere fact of years, 1t is ap-
parent that what we have to examine is
a many-sided phenomenon, including
together with it the advance in life, the
workings of physiological, mental, and
sociological causes. It has been lately
examined by DR.. O'Dea, and it appears
that the maximum of suicides of both
sexes occurs between the ages of % and
55. Previously to the 25th year there
is a sudden increase from 2 suicides be-
tween the ages of 5 and 10 to 1876 be-
tween 20 and 25. After 55 the ten
dency to suicides declines, but more
gradually than it rose, except to So,
where the number increases from 81 to
93-a rise so slight, however, as to be
little worth considering.
There are, therefore, three suicidal
periods IN life those of organic and
mental growth, of organic and mental
completion, and of organic and mental
decline. In the first the chart shows so;
in the second, 942, and in the third, 81.
Comparing the periods in round num-
bers, it may be said that they are as 1
for childhood and adole scence to II for
adult life, and to for the years of
bodily and mental decay.
The influence of sex and its attendant
circumstances upon suicides at the diff
ferent periods of life is shown upon the
charts. With females, as among males.
there is a sudden and abrupt rise until
the 25th year Is reached. This rise is
continued to the 35th year, at which
the maximum of suicides occur among
women. The period from the 25th to
the 35th year corresponds to that of the
greatest pressure from domestic
troubles and responsibilities, and also
with the greatest activity of the mater
nal functions. The line thence de-
scends abruptly to the 45th year,
whence it rises to the 5Oth, the critical
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
The Cruelty of Monkeys.

An amateur naturalist, writing of the
fondness of cruelty for its own sake OBJ
servable in the human species, says i:
4" To refer to the striking similarity OF
this passion in man to that which is man
ifested by monkeys, is not, of course, to
explain its origin but am quite sure
that it is in the monkeys that this ex-
PLANTATION is to be sought. Every one
knows that these animals show the keen
est delight in wantonly torturing others,
but every one does not know how
much trouble an average monkey will
put himself to in order that he may
crafty this taste. One example will
suffice. A friend who has lived long
time in India tells me that he has not
unfrequently seen monkeys feigning
death, for an hour or two at a time, for
the express purpose of inducing crows
and other carniveTous birds to approach
within graspiDg distance and when
one of the latter was caught, the de-
lighted monkey would put 1t to all kinds
of agonies, of which plucking alive
seemed to be the favOrite. AS am not
aware that any other animal exhibits
this instinct of inhicting pain for its
own sake (the case of a cat with a
mouse, belonging, I think, to another
category, ! believe, if its origin is ever
to receive scientific explanation, it viii
be found in some way connected with
monkey life"
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
Elaborate Entertainment.

Few things not absolutely essential to
happiness add more to the enjoyment of
life than social interchange of evening
visits among friends and neighbors.
Indeed, we are not quite sure that it is
not essential to happiness as it is, for
we can liveto good purpose and pleasure
without many of our luxuries, without
fine clothes, costly pictures, splendid
jewels, but we cannot live to any use at
all without friends and the upbubbling
of friendly emotions and the fruitiOn of
ideas that they arouse. Our natures
would grow dry as husks If our feelings
were kindled only for our own immedi-
ate home circle, and the very apotheo-
sis of seIfishness would take place with
us isolated from outside interests and
love of our kind. Nor would our intel
Iects fsre much better than our emo
tional natures; for if genius itself is an
intermittent fountain, as Goethe said,
the source of ordinary thought and
fancy must be quite as capricious, and
our buckets must need all the replen-
ishing from the wells of our neighbors
that can be had. If it were not for the
perpetual weaving among us of the
warp and wool of each others ideas,
The varying views of things when seen
from each others standpoint, we might
as well be living solitary in the caves of
the desert or on the tops of pillars in
the town for all the good we should do
to ourselves or the world either. For
really no enc helps himself without
helping the world, too, in its great, on
ward march toward a civilization that,
we may hope, shall be as much higher
than this as this is higher than the bar
barous old days, before those giant
monsters, steam and electricity, were,
in the language of the orators, har-
messed to the car of progress.
Still we do not mean to be under
stood as advising or encouraging frivo-
lous gadding to the neglect of some
duties, but, first assuming that home
duties are already discharged, as the
greater part of them may we'll be, leav-
ing the hours of eye-trying lamplight
for lesser matters, we urge the cultiva-
ton of a social spirit to eniven the
evenings and to afford nucleus of harm
less enjoyment. We all know how
keen that enjoyment can be--the bright
discussion that on ightens even the
listener who will not take the trouble to
think the latest news, with its gay
gossiping the eager game, the song. the
reading, pretty toilets, pleasant man.
ners, cordial wordsof hosts and friends;
the CHEEKY separation the lying down
to sleep at the end of it all, well pleased
with the well-rounded day; the sense
that such evenings ought to come twice
as often as they do and that we mean
20 have them.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25

lance. Perhaps he was bored, but too
civil to interrupt her. She would
change the subject by question to
which he must make G direct and
lengthy reply. She began
"By the way, Mr.. Quill, are you
ready to give me that critical and ex-
haustive analysis of my poetic powers
which your letter promised me when
we met
"Poor Mr.. Quill. just then he was
neither critical nor analytical. His
chair was on the hearth-rug; between
him and the white draped window sat
Milly, a seeming embodiment of the
pure, cool room, intentIy regarding
him. His mouth was full, yet speak he
must. The screen caught his eye.
Here was way out of his dilemma.
The next moment tobacco Juice went
splashing over moss and fern, and Rural
Quill was himself again, brimming
over with facts, fancies, and compli-
ments. With them we have naught to
do. Milly listened with decent grace,
but &C the gloss had departed, the magic
had flown" Indeed, it were not too
much to say that 50 the trail of the ser
pent was over them ALL"
Rural Quill, Esq, never came back
to Brier Wood. Milly did ask him to
"cal again" but so indiferently that
he wisely concluded to make himself
henceforth conspicuous by his ab-
sence in that region. As they watched
him on his winding, moon-lit way, Will
said:
' His coming and going have con-
vinced me of two things"
"What are they?"
''First, I must stop chewing tobacco.
"Good A needed reform. And the
other ?''
THAT 1 must marry you"
"Milly's answer to this, with the
moral of my story, I shall leave to the
individual discernmenb of each reader.
Louisville Courier Journal.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
The Senators.

The "points" of some of the United
States senators are pithily summarized
by Washington correspondent. Conk-
ling is the senatorial Adonis. When he
was in the house the young ladies used
to SIT in the galleries and wish they had
lock of the dear little curl that adorns
his brow, and, as it is thinner now than
it used to be, it is probably even dearer
It is rather singular that the three
bachelors of the senate should be the
favorite presiding officers-Wilson, er-
o6icio Anthony, pro tenn, and Ferry,
of Michigan, in default Of either. An
thony is the handsomest still, it is not
always beauty that wins. Gordon, the
confederate general, is a fne-I0okiDg,
soldierly fellow. Bayard, of Delaware,
is the third generation of senators in his
family. FreiiDghuysen is something of
a swell. Edmunds. his neighbor, is the
most quarrelsome of senator's Thurman
looks and moves like Beecher. Dorsey
is only thirty three years old, the ''baby'
of the senate. Cameron is the Oldest
senator. Dorsey, Allison and Oslesby
have young and pretty wives. Stewart
and Jones are two poor, impecunious
miners, with only few millions apiece
Jones especially, whose income per
month is S25O,OO0. Upton is a funny
little fellow, Schurz an admirable spe TX
er, but Fenton has the most courtly
manners IN the senate. Hamlin, Ct
Maine, always wears dress coat, never
an overcoat. Flanagan, of Flanagan's
Mills, Texas, is a jolly old fellow, who
says "whar" and 'thar," and rouses
the echoes generally when he speaks.
Robertson wears ieWelry of fabulous
value-emerald sleeve-buttons worth &
fortune. and diamond studs that would
make the idols Of India jealous.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
AVIS.

have watched you long, Avis
Watched you 80,
have found your secret out;
And know
That the restless ribboned things
Where your slope Of shoulder springs,
Are but undeveloped wings
That will grow.
When you enter in 4 room
II is stirred
with the wayward, flashing light
or bird;
And you speak and bring NTH you
Leaf and sun-ray, bud and blue,
And the wind-breath and the dew,
At word.
When you left me only now,
In that furred,
Puhed and feathered Polish dress,
was spurred
Just TO catch you, oh, my sweet,
BY the bodice trim and neat,
just TO feel your heart a-beat,
Like bird.
Yet, alas, loves light you deign
Bat to wear
As the dew upon the plumes,
And you care
Not a wit for rest or hush;
Bat the leaves, the lyric gusb,
And the wing power and the rush
OF the air.
SO dare not WOO you, sweet,
For day,
Lest love you In a fash,
As / may,
Did tell you tender things
You would shake your sudden wings
You would start from him who sings,
And away.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25
LOOK

The pencil marks you see around this
paragraph tthus) mean that youi cub
scriptior il out OF unpaid. and .h-
you are requested TO pay np at ole.
We would take great pleasure in eztinu
ing credit to our friends and patrons
but cash alone viii pay expenses. au
We are forced to adhere to strict cas-.
rule. We hope you viii comprehend
and appreciate the necessity of such q
course, and renew your subscription
without delay. We solicit your favor.
O. We enter NJ new names on our
books without the money IN adv-1' GO
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25

NoTKs.-The commission sent cut by
the navy department to examine into
and report upon the character, cost,
etc, of the work done upon vessels ct
Rio Janeiro as compared with the
same in the United states has returned
to this country. Enormously excessive
charges are made at Rio Jansrio for
work and materials, end il viii appear
that the United States government has
been outrageousiy imposed upon and
robbed Of many Thousands OF dollars
by having its ships repaired at thai
place.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25

THE deputy constable, appointed to
look after the children employed IN the
factories of Massachusetts,, reports that
fully 6O,OO0 children are growing up in
ignorance on account of their being set
70 work at too early an age.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25

IRON rails at rest oxidizs more rap
idly than those upon which travelling
is going forward. The molecular Vi
bration prevents rust.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1875-02-25

GnADsroEE's retirement from public
life viii be sweetened, it is said, by the
admiration of Queen Victoria, who his
offered a peerage in her own right to his
wife, and will confer a baronetcy upon
the young Gladstone. This is London
gossip.
The New York herald., 1875-12-17

Ing himself however, he freely admitted that he al
done very wrong He explained that he had hoped to
tide himself over
THE PRESENT DEPRESSION IN BUSINESS
as he had done before in 1861 Their he would have
pald every demand ~ full He had done nothing from
the nope OF gain or the desire defraud body He
wanted merely 70 keep up his credit believing that he
could DO this II he could gain a little time He had
been led TO commit q wrong act.
This hrst step led 70 second SO on until AT last
he found himself hopeessly involved ana did not know
where 10 turn Mr. Pond said that only one SIDE az
story had been told. II had seemed 10 him that ina
only effort had been to collect everything known 10 hrs
dtscredl and pile Il up against him, without putting
anything TO balance IN the other scale Mr. pondlg Az
that the community should recognize that he was not
wholly bad that there weue extenuating circumi
Stances and that bis past life ought not to be entirely
forgotten.
TOO GENEROUS NATURE
Mr. Pond admitted that II would have been thou
sand times better to have stad at home and faced the
consequences, and said In that way he might have
cured his creditors considerably more than they art
now likely TO get He was frequently overcome BY
emotion and often broke of upon other subjects Ia
order to regain his composure said that the money
he had taken all lett In Worcester; only smaG
fr action had gone out II was his nature to help
ev cry unfortunate and that was one cause to-day oil hn
pro sent position.
ooMaIsERATIOS or FORMER FRIENDS.
The train arrived promptly in this city at halfpasi
eight this morning At the depot about one hundred
persons were present who had by means obtained
news OF the expected arrival They were. however,
quiet and orderly, and a general feeling Of sadness
seemed to prevail Several acquaintances said kindly
show do you do, Mr.. Pond ~ and a number of hands
were extended to welcome him. The prisoner how.
ever took no notice OF them but stepped directly into
the carriage, which, surrounded by tho Sheriff and
several patrolmen, drove straight TO the Jail
Now that the excitement OF Mr. Ponds flight and
rest has died out the general feeling throughout the
community to be Of sadness, and many have
been heard to say, 'Py that he did not get to Aus
tralla after all F."
The New York herald., 1875-12-17
THIRD TERM NOTES.

There is not republican newspaper editor who
harbors fancied slight against somebody near unto
General Grant that is not against " Grant and third
term. '-New Fork Commercial rep
Every democratic newspaper and every "lnde-
pendentn journalist who has been denied favors at
the White House howls and against "Grant
aud a third term. "-New York Commercial trepl
The people have confidence in President Grant and
viii not pay much attention TO precedent
law. We had enough ofFthat during the reign Of the
crack of the slave drivers whip, but have passed
that rubicon. .-Neso York Commercial rep
Nine enths Of the people OF the United states would
applaud war with either Spain Mexico. Nor Is II
,wo that II wouldn't make Grant President
for q third time.-Helena Montana Ter Independent
The republican party has supported Grant while he
has been engaged in striking down setting aside
after another the leading republicans who might other
wise have been candidates for the nomination. II
Gnds that the supply Of available candidates In the
party Is very and that Grant has got the whole
thing ''set to music "-CotslaH IN ~ Recorder dem
Why should Grant be called upon 70 declare his IN.
equivocal withdrawal from the contcsts Unless It be
acknowledged formally, as II certainly Is BY mplca
ton that Grant command the nomination there
Il no reason why he should make such declaration
Springfield Iul Register (denl
How would this do for a third term President,
Ulysses s. Grant, Vice President, orv T. Babcock =
Willdmsport pa Gazette deHl
Its simply sop to Cerberus-a tub thrown 70 the
whale Of gious intolerance. Ledgv tdem
The zeal with which he launches his hrebrand and
tries TO enkinde theological anmostes for party effect
Is not only dsgracefu himself and the position he
occupies but monstrous violation Of the 1tness and
proprety the decorum and decency, which have char
acterized his predecessors Louisviis Ledger dem
General Grants course since the campaign
against the whiskey Ring opened has furnished tho
conclusive evidence that he was not in any man
ncr concerned IN privy to their nefarous opera
tioDs.-Nsu Lonfon Tetcgram trepl
Limiting the Presidential Office 10 one term ought 10
be done At once by constitutional amendment before
the hidcous Of Cnsarism becomes familiar
that the people Will hasten to embrace g. General
Grant may be such patriot that he would not want
moro than just term; but history, In tnou.
sands Of instances teaches that even the best men
should not be tempted too firGrass gaitey (NsVada)
u Uafgn