davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

A DISCOVERY has recently been made
in England which If half that is claimed
for it be true, will not only put an end
to the lively trade of working over old
boot legs into new shoes, but will revo-
lutionize the whole leather trade. 1t
is claimed that process has been dis
covered by which different kinds of
leather can be made without using
tanned hides at all, and in such perfect
imitation of the natural article as to
defy detection. The sheets of fibrous
pulp from which the material is made
are pressed into real skins of leather,
the grain of the skin to be initiated
being thus accurately produced. The
article is called leatherette, costs one
eighth as much as real leather, and is
alleged to be stronger and of more uni
form quality. A patent has of course
been issued to the discoverer and
preparations are making for counter
feiting boots and shoes on an extensive
scale, SO that We shall soon know
whether it is a new humbug or only an
old one revived.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

HEAT OF THE MooS.-Some of the
astronomers are again discussing the
question, "What becomes of all the heat
which it seems almost certain the
moonlight brings with it ?" Every
twenty-nine and half days is divided
into two periods, one of which has many
times as much moonlight as the other
That the moonlight must have a great
deal of heat when it leaves the moon is
considered highly probable that it has
little or none when it reaches the sur
face of the earth, is certain. BY some
this original heat is thought to be alb
sorbed IN the upper regions of our
atmosphere, and some probability is
given to this supposition by the ten
dency to disappearance of clouds under
the full moon-a fact which, il is well
known, was declared by Herschel with
out knowledge of its having been no.
ticed by any one else, but which Hum
boldt, he afterward found, speaks of as
well understood by the pilots and sea-
men of Spanish America. If this theory
be correct, there is a cause of weather
cycles which must produce some effect;
an enormous quantity of heat poured
into the atmosphere during one-half of
the lunar month, and a very small
quantity during the other half. In
truth, 1t has been ascertained that the
quantities of rain which fall in the four
quarters of the moon are not quite the
same in the long run.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
DOMESTIC.

OATMEAL MUsH MADE INTO BREAD
Oatmeal mush is good and wholesome,
but it is generally relished better in its
secondary forms, as balls, griddle cakes,
or gems. / have already told how the
balls, (or mush- balls of any kind, are
made-simply by kneading the cold
mush into q rather stiff dough with fine
-four, with or without the addition (and
improvement) of little cream or milk.
These are shaped in balls or small bis
cults, and baked in the oven.
To make griddle cakes, soak cold
oatmeal mush in sweet milk. and
thicken to the proper consistency for
griddl) baking with fine fiour-a rather
stiff pancake batter. If you can not
guess at this, try little on the griddle.
No baking powder is needed, but we'll.
beaten eggs are an improvement, one
or more, as you can afford. put some
mush soaking in milk and water, with
some pieces of stale yeast bread, one
night, thinking to make pancakes III
the morning, but when morning came,
L dreaded the smudge, and so stumbled
upon our much liked oatmeal gems
The mush and bread are mashed and
stirred fine with spoon, and then fine
| flour is stirred in until there is batter
about as stiff as you can well dip intC
the gem pans with spoon. This is oul
favorite way of eating oatmeal at present
and the bread added is an Improvement
Remember that the batter must b,
quite thick, as the oatmeal is already
cooked and will not rise any more.
Oatmeal has the name, among thos,
who study into such matters, of being
excellent food for both muscular ant
mental activity-very useful alike fol
student and laborer, and excellent, i
thoroughly cooked, to promote the
growth of little folks.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
A Romance OF Minnesota.

In st. Paul they tell the story of
Maggie Flynn. She loved and was
loved by worthy young man, who
hoped soon to make her his bride, but
SANDERS envenomed tongue poisoned
her reputation and caused her lover to
cancel their engagement. She, suffer
ing unjustly from the cruel blow, lost
her reason, and would have been car
ried an incurable patient to the insane
asylum had not the employers of her
quondam lover investigated the stories
affecting her character and ascertained
their utter groundlessness. He was
travelling, but they ordered him home,
told him the good news, and sent him
to claim Maggie before she should be
sent to the mad-house. She was with
the Sheriff, who was about to convey
her to her destination, when the young
man came into her presence. At sight
of him, the clouds that lowered on her
intellect br se away, and-bridal-v
not stIaighi Jackets are in order.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

FEED EoR CHICKENS. The mother
hen, if cooped, cannot scratch for in
sects, minute larva, etc., that form the
appropriate food for young chickens.
Therefore. for the first two or three
days they should be fed with the yolks
of hard-boiled eggs. chopped fine and
mixed with an equal quantity of good,
sweet bread crumbs. This will pay, as
it is well to give the chickens good
start in life at the commencement.
Then for about fortnight, feed with
two-thirds of the best corn meal, add
to this boiled potato or a handful of
tender grass chop the whole together.
Calves lights, hearts will do, or any
thing else cheap. If the spot where
the chickens run affords inFects. then
gradually leave off the meat, feeding
with meal, cracked corn and wheat.
But if in a city yard or other places
where the forage is scarce, then con-
tinue the meat all through. The old
fashioned way of feeding nothing but
corn dough answers very well in places
where there are great quantities of in
sects. At first, feed six or eight times
day, and less often as they grow older.
Feed enough at time to have a little
left, and when this is gone feed again
very soon. Give whole corn as soon
as they are old enough to swallow it,
and as great variety OF other things
as possible-bran, wheat screenings,
oatmeal etc., all they can eat. There
should not be the slightest parsimony
in feeding chickens. You can make
them grow too fast, or make them too
fat while gaining their growth. With
adult fowls the case is different in re-
spect TO fattening. Growing chickens
must be supplied with pounded shells,
bone-dust, or lime in some form, if
strong frames are required.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

To CLEAR RooF OF SSow.-In a
heavy fall of snow, sufficient quantity
will collect upon weak roof to break
it down or force the rafters to spread
and distort the shape of the building.
Much damage occurs every winter by
neglecting to clear roofs of snow i'm
mediately after storm. A barn roof
is not often accessible, nor is it safe or
agreeable to stand upon the roof of a
shed and shovel snow while a north
easter is blowing. We suggest the fol-
lowing plan of doing this work in a
more comfortable fashion. A board II
inches wide and 6 feet or less in length
is fastened to long rope. One end Of
the rope is thrown over the barn roof
and held by person on the rear side,
who draws the board mp on the roof
until it reaches the peak. The person
in front then draws the board down and
scrapes the snow down with it. The
board is then drawn up again, the per-
son in the front guiding it to the proper
place with this end of the rope. The
one In the rear steps along each time
the board is drawn up distance equal
to its length, so as to bring the scraper
in the proper position each time. To
facilitate the drawing of the board up
the roof. short rope is temporarily
fastened to its upper edge and to the
long rope. by which it is made to lie
fiat as it is drawn up. The roofs shonld
be cleared as soon as possible after each
fall of snow.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

KEEPING POTATOES FROM SMOKING
During the period of storing through
the winter season, it is recommended
to expose potatoes to the vapor of sui
phurous acid by any of the various well
known modes. If not entirely effect
ual in accomplishing the object, it will
retard or modify the sprouting of the
potatoes to such an extent as to render
the injury caused thereby very slight.
The flavor of the potato is not affected
in the least by this treatment, nor is its
vitality diminished, the action being
simply to retard or prevent the forma-
ton and growth of the eyes. So says
an English scientific journal. We
print for what it is worth.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
SCIENTIFIC.

GOLD LEAF MANUrAcTURK.-The pro-
cess of gold-beating is exceedingly in
teresting in its various details, and is
one which requires the exercise of
judgment, physical force. and mechani-
cal skill. The coin is first reduced in
thickness by being rolled through what
is known as q "mill," machine con-
sisting of iron rollers operated by steam
power. 1t is then annealed by being
subjected to intense heat, which softens
the metal. and next cut up and placed
in jars containing nitro muriatic acid,
which dissolves the gold, and reduces
it to a mass resembling Indian pudding
both in color and form. This solution
is then placed in a jar with copperas.
which separates the gold from the other
components of the mass.
The next process is to properly alloy
the now pure gold, after which it is
placed in crucibles and melted, from
which it is poured into iron moulds
called ingots, which measure ten inches
in length by one inch in breadth and
thickness. When cooled it is taken out
in the shape of bars, and then rolled
into what are called ribbons" usually
measuring about eight yards in length,
of the thickness of ordinary paper, and
retaining their original width. These
''ribbons" are then cut into pieces /;
inches square, and placed in what is
called ''cutch," which consists of q
pack of French paper leaves resembling
parchment, each leaf inches square,
and the pack measuring from of an
inch to l inch in thickness. They are
then beaten for half sn hour upon q
granite block, with hammers weighing
from twelve to fifteen pounds, after
which they are taken out and placed in
another pack of leaves called 'shoder.
These leaves are four and a half inches
square, and the gold in the "shoder" is
beaten for four hours with hammers
weighing about nine pounds; after
which the gold leaves are taken out oi
the "shoders" and placed in what are
called "molds." These "molds" con,
sist of packs of leaves similar to the
other packs, and made of the stomach
of an OK. After being made ready il
the "molds" the gold is beaten for foul
hours more with hammers weighing sil
or seven pounds each.
The thinner the leaf becomes, the
lighter are the hammers used, and it If
also necessary in beating the gold, es
pecially in striking the "mold," that
the blow should be given with the full
fiat of the hammer and directly in the
center of the "moId." The leaf, aftel
being taken ont of the 'mold," is cut
into squares of three and three-eighths
inches, and placed in ''books" of com
mon paper. Each "book" consists Of
twenty-five leaves, twenty "books" con,
stituting what Is known as a .'pack. -
Iron Age.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

BARLEY AND ONION STEw.-Wash half
pint of pearl barley, and soak it over
night or for two hours in warm water,
boil it from two to three hours in a
good deal of water, filling up with boil
ing water as often as it thickens much,
so that it will always preserve its soupy
character. An hour before serving it,
add four or five sliced onions, and soon
after salt to taste. At the last add half a
pint of cream or milk, and boil up to-
gether. More milk and salt may be
added, and the whole poured over
ices of bread. if preferred. The
''croutons," over which most of our
soups are poured, are simply small
slices of sweet light yeast bread, and
these are always welcomed by the little
folks. Gems are more crusty and not
so spongy.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
The Way to Begin.

When two young people start out in
life together with nothing but deter
mination to succeed, avoiding the inva-
sion of each others idiOsyncraeies, not
carrying the candle near the gunpowder
sympathetic with each others employ
ment, willing TO live on small means
till they get large facilities, paving as
they go, taking life here as discipline,
with four eyes watching its perils, and
four hands fighting its battles-what
ever others may say or do, this is a
royal marriage. 1t is so set down in
the heavenly archives, and the orange
blossoms shall wither on neither side
the grave.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
Folly.

Men show particular folly on five
different occssions-when they estab-
ish their fortune on the ruin of an
other when they expect to excite love
by coldness, and by showing more
marks of dislike than affection when
they expect to become learned in the
midst of repose and pleasure when
they seek friends without making any
advances in friendship and when they
are unwilling to succor their friends
in distress.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

To PREPARE BACoN.-1o prepare side
bacon, divide the carcass down the
backbone, remove the head, hams, and
shoulders. Cut out all the ribs with as
little meat upon them as possible
Then rub the flesh side of the meat
with salt, or whatever mixture is
chosen for the picking. One pound of
salt, ounces of coarse brown sugar,
and half an ounce of saltpetre, is a IA
vorite pickle. As each side is well
rubbed, it is placed upon a stone or
oak slab, in cool cellar, with the skin
downwards and one side is laid upon
the other In compact pile. A board
is laid upon the top, with heavy weights.
In a week the sides are rubbed afresh
with salt or the above mixture, and the
top one becomes the bottom of the
pile. This is repeated for six weeks,
when the meat will be sufficiently
salted, and may be hung up to dry, or
taken to the smoke house. Ten DAYS
smoking is sufficient.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
JOhnny's Essay on "The TOde.''

Todes is like frogs, but more dignity,
and when you come to think of it, frogs
is wetter. The warts wich tOdes is noted
for can't he cured, for they is cronick,
but if couldent git vel Ide stay in the
house. My grandfather knew q tode
wich some body had tanned til it was
folks. When its master WISHED it come
for flies. They cetches 'em with their
tong, wich is some like long red
worm, but more like litenin only litenin
haint got no gum onto it. The hi will
be standing rubbin its hind legs to
gether and thinkin wat fine fi it is,
and the tode settin some distance
away like it was q sleep. Vile you are
seein the iii as plane as you ever see any
thing, all to once it ait there. Then
the tode he looks up at you sollem, out
Of his eyes, like he said watts become of
that fiji but you kno he ct it.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

The London Garden says that when
the Cheshire market gardeners wish to
keep their onions for an unusual length
OF time, they nail them in bundles on
the outside of the house, and in this
way, slightly protected from wet by the
caves, they keep on an average, five
weeks longer than those of the same
varieties and of the same crop, stored
in the ordinary manner.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

LoosFNEss OF THE Bowels. two
tablespoonful of wheat flour with Just
water enough to moisten the flour /;
drink it. If the first dose does not
check pain or the purging, repeat the
dose in half an hour. Severec cases some
times require third dose.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17
AGRICULTURAL.

CHEAPEST FooD FOR WISrERIN0 Cows.
In estimating the value of concentra-
ted food for domestic animals regard
should be had to the more bulky or
coarse fodder that is to be used with
it. This necessity arises from the fact
that animals utilize the different ele-
ments in their food very nearly in GER
tain definite relations, when they are
fed under the same circumstances. If
the circumstances of the animals vary,
the elements of their food should also
vary with them. One class of elements
is employed to build up and supply the
waste of flesh, and another is used to
supply warmth. The former consist of
albumen, fibrin, gluten, ETC., and are
designated by the general name OF al
buminoids the latter consist of starch
gum, sugar, ETC., and fat, and are
classed under one head as supporters
of respiration. 1t is evident that if
animals are exposed to the cold it will
require a greater proportion of heat
producing feed to keep them warm than
if they are in a warm atmosphere and
if they are young and growing, it will
require a greater proportion of flesh
producing food to support both waste
and growth than it will in adult animals
which have only waste to be supplied.
In adult animals in comfortable sur
roundlngs, it requires for each pound
of albuminoids used five to six pounds
of the supporters of repiration; of which
fat must always form part. The value
of fat as respiratory matter is two and
half times that of sugar and starch,
and in comparing fesh-forming food
with the supporters of respiration, the
fat which an article of food contains is
multiplied by two snd one-half and ad-
ded to the starch and sugar. In sum-
mer the respiratory matter from which
fat as we'll as heat is derived may con-
stitute a much smaller part than in
cooler weather. 1t may go as low as
four or five to one of flesh forming. 1t
exists in this proportion during young
and tender years. When animals are
exposed to the cold air of winter it may
run as high as eight or ten to one, and
when such exposure cannot be avoided
the feeder should adapt his food to the
amount of cold to be endured, and the
comfort or exposure which cattle are to
receive will be an important item in de-
termining which of the foods named he
had better select, and it will, more ef-
fectually than the selection of food,
determine the ccst of wintering.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

Warts may be removed from the
hands by the application of hartshorn.
The use of it will not cause any pain
unless it comes in contact with cut OF
bruise. A cure is usually effected in
about three weeks.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

A NEW MEDICrNR. Attention has
been called to new tonic medicine
under the name of BOldo. The tree is
said to be found on isolated mountain
regions i'll Chill the bark, leaves, and
blossoms, possessing a strong aromatic
odor, resembling a mixture of turpen-
tine and camphor. The leaves contain
also large quantity of essential oil.
The alksloid obtained from the plant is
called "Boldine." Its properties are
chiefly as stimulant to digestion and
having a marked action on the liver.
Its action was discovered rather acci-
dentally-thus Some sheep which
were liver diseased were confined in an
inclosure which happened to have been
recently hedged with boldo twigs. The
animals ate the leaves and shoots, and
we're observed to recover speedily.
Direct observations prove its action :;
thus, one gramme of the tincture ex-
cites appetite, increases the circulation,
and produces symptoms of circulatory
excitement. The plant from which the
medicine is extracted, is probably the
Boldod fragrdrs.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

NEEDLE E-WoRK.-Needle-wo is thus
gracefully eulogized by Nathaniel Haw-
throne, in the marble Faun -
"There is something exquisitely
pleasant and touching-at least of a
very sweet, soft and winning effect-in
this popularity of needle-work, distin-
gushing men from women. Our own
sex is incapable of any such by play
aside from the main business of life I;
but women, be they of what earthly
rank they may, however gifted with in
tellect or genius, or endowed with art
full beauty-have always some little
handiwork ready to FL up the tiny gap
of every vacant moment. A needle is
familiar to the fingers of them all. A
queen, no doubt, plies it on occasions !;
the woman-poet can use it as adroitly
as her pen the woman's eye that has
discovered a new star, turns from its
glory to send the polished little instru-
ment cleaning along the hem of her
kerchief, or to darn casual flaw in her
dress. And they have the advantage
of US in this respect. The slender
thread of silk or cotton keeps them
united with the small, familiar, gentle
interest of life, the continually operating
influences do much for the health of
the character, and carry off what would
otherwise be a dangerous accumulation
of morbid senslbility. A vast deal of
human sympathy runs along this electric
line, stretching from the throne to the
wicker chair of the humblest seamtress,
and keeping high and low in a species
of common union with their kindred
beings. Methinks it is a token of
healthy and gentle characteristics when
women of accomplishments and high
thoughts love to sew, especially as they
are never more at home with their own
hearts then when so occupied.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

CAULFLowER OMELETTE.-Take the
white part of boiled caulihower after
it is cold and chop it very small, and
mix with it sufficient quantity of
well-beaten eggs to make a very thick
batter, and then fry it in fresh butter,
in small pan, and send to the table
hot
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

A YOUNG man advertises for a place
as salesman, and says he has had good
deal of experience, having been dis
charged from seven different ware
houses during the year.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

"WHY are you so precise in your
statement-are you afraid of telling an
untruth ?" asked an attorney of fe-
male witness in a police court. "No,
sir" was the prompt reply.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

"WHERE's the molasses, Bill ?" said
a red headed woman sharply to her son,
who had returned with an empty Jug.
"None in the city, mother. Every
grocer has big black board outside,
with the letters chalked on tn. o.
Molasses.'"
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

81 SWEAR" said a gentleman to his
mistress, ''you are very handsome
"Pooh - said the lady, $50 you would
say if you did not think SO" "And so
You would think" answered he,
though L should not say so.'
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

\ SELKIRK sexton used to preface the
dram customarily given to him at
funerals with a general nod to all the
company, adding, quite in a serious
way, unconscious of the doleful mean
ing the compliment contained, MY
service TO you all, gentlemen"
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1875-02-17

A SCoTcH divine, recently praying,
said 'Oh Lord, give unto us neither
poverty nor riches," and pausing sol
emnly moment, he added, especially
poverty"