davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13

expected to find a howl and outcry
Treasury. l do not wish to be under
stood as Implying that all who are op-
posed to MIR. Cardozo are consciously
striking down a faithful public officer !;
but every man here in Columbia knows
that the real force which urges OH this
attack upon Mr.. Cardozo is not q desire
to guard the Treasury. speak now
what every man confesses TO me when /
ask him the question.
Reporter-But, Governor, what do you
say of the attitude Of the CONSERVATIVES
toward MI. Cardozo?
Governor-Wcll, sir, Il think they IN
tend to do Justice to Mr. Cardozo in the
end; and so think of very many Rcpub
licans. do not wonder at their voting
for raising committee Go prepare an adj
dress. That is probably nov the only
way to bring the whole ease to a point
where justice can be done. | am bound
to shy that the Conservatives have acted
with great political generosity and pa
triotism toward me and my administra-
tion. l believe ti.ey will do what they
think just by Mr.. Cardolo, aud their
votes il this matter, so far, Indicate no
more, in my judgment, than 20 have the
case fully tried. | cannot believe their
vote OF appointing the committee repre-
sents their UrobaaleSvote on the address
Of removal, unless new facts are dcvel-
Opcd.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13
Remedy for Hard Times.


The remedy recommended by cor
respondent Of the FITNESS is: /. To
increase production by putting every
acre possible under good cultivation.
2. To turn much attention to fruit
growing, packing, shipping, ETC., in
the best style. 3. Farmers should,
as far as practicable,' raise what they
need for family use on their own
farms, and give up depending on
spcciallies. 4. Strict but not Mig
gafdly economy should be practiced,
and all super nuities cut off, especially
Intoxicating drinks and tobacco. s..
The laboring classes should have
nothing to do with unions, clubs, So
cietics or strikes to keep up wages,
which do not and will not succeed.
The above prescription followed for
a year would assuredly rchabilitate
all the wholesome interests of the
country, and give US an almost un-
paralleled prosperity. We would
only add, let our sister States in the
South become happy families, and
their present desolations will blossom
as the rose.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13
What Governor Chamberlain Thinks
of the Treasurer.

The reporter Of the NclrS and Courier
has had All interview with Governor
Chamberlain, il, which lie expresses his
5ntiseJcnniiluacoAn.th tao Innocence ap.l ia I,
tegrity Of Treasurer Cardo2o, as llie fol-
lowing extracts will show:
Governor The matter is one that in
tcrcsLs re beyond anything else which
has occurred during my administration.
land have not failed to read every word
lthat has appeared i'll the various docu-
ments connected with it. OF course every
fair-mindcd man holds himself open to
the consideration of any new facts or ev-
idence which may be added to the case.
or any new arguments based OH the facts
already developed. Promising this, do
not hesitate to say that have entire con-
iidcnco in Mr.. CardoZo. Men, many
men, friends of mine. have come to me
and said,'" "DOn't mix yourself up in this
fight. 1t is no affair of yours, and you
ought TO geep clear of it."
If knew to-day there was not another
man in the world who would speak for
Mr.. Cardozo, would all the more stand
by him. l haven't come into this office
expecting bed of roses. am not half
so anxious to make friends or to avoid
enemies rs I ara to do right. and until
evidence, facts, compel me to lose faith
in NIr. Cardozo, he shall have my conf
dence and my personal and moral sup
port in every form. Well, sir, have ex-
amined alEthe evidence yet adduccd. and
find nothing to shake my faith in Mr.
Cardozo's honesty. I have known Mr..
Cardozo intimately since last summer.
lie was an early supporter of mine for
my present position. + think I have
known his aims and plans, and say.
without qualification, that have never
heard one word or seen one act of Mr..
Cardozo's Which did not confirm my con-
fidence IN his personal integrity, and his
political honor, and zeal for the honest
administration Of the State Government,
On every occasion, and nMdcr all circum-
stances, he has been against fraud and
jobbery, and in favor of good measures
and good men. The public do not know
the pressure which has been brought to
bear upon me in this Office to make me
yield my views of public duty. If had
known it myself beforehand, l would
never have dared to take the Office. But
in the midst of it all, when I could count
all the Republicans who seemed to SYM
pathize with me on the fingers of one
hand, there was one man who never
failed to come unaskcd and stand ut my
side, and that man was Francis T.. Car
doZo. Now, sir, saw
this storm gathering long ago. knew
that any man who did his duty rs Treas
ureY, who lent himself to no jobbery, and
had no private ends to serve, would
make himself the most unpopular man In
South Carolina. Cardozo, knew 1t too.
l confess did not expect to see the ele-
ment which views the public service as q
mere chance to make money, able to
make sliclr Roadway as they are now ap-
parently making against Mr.. Cardozo.
! did hope for better things, but also
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13
The South.

What a vague term THIS is! In the
mouths Of Shareholders it meant the
few hundred thousand white men who
owned slaves. The interests Of the
South meant their interests, and not
those of either the negroes or the
poor white trash. We ap,1rals, n the
latter are now, to some extent, ino..l.
ed in the term South, though it still
stands for just about the same class as
before the war. This sSouth," with its
class-legislation and repression of edu-
cation, has been sad drawback to tie
real South. If the vast uncultivatcd
estates which it possessed had at the
close OF the war been given away as
homesteads in small lots to the Union
soldiers and the freedmen, upon con
diton Of actual settlement, what diff
ferent region the South would have
been by this time! Each plantation
of ten thousand acres would have
been settled by some two hundred
thrifty families, who would have af-
forded society and protection to each
other, and the produce Of the land
would have been increased many-fold.
Free institutions, education, and other
means Of progress would also have
been secured. This was not, how
ever, deemed practicable-although
in accordance with the usual laws and
and customs Of nations concerning
suppressed rebellions-andt the same
result must now be sought by the
slow operation of peaceful means. If
all the old slave States would pro.
claim pefect equality OF rights and
liberty Of speech and of suffrage to
all citizens, with welcome and safety
for immigrants, the South would soon
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13

who has an advertisement ofany kind
to publish can publish it where he
pleascs. This applies to all notices
by State and county officers, and to
every notice whatsoever required by
law to be made public. This gives
ati.papers an equal chance as fat as
advertising legal notices are con-
cerncd..
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13
Dangerous Monopo!ies.

1t is important tlsft cur Legisln
fuse should be in the interests&of the
people rather than to augment the
power of growing and arbitrary cor
porations that are seeking, with too
much success to govern the country.
1t is becoming a serious question,
Who owns this nation? We are still
fhcifnedto think the fee simple is in
the people, and that they have u
yessed'right in their President, Con
gfess,e Governors and Legislatures,
but every now and then something
turns up to render this theory doubt
full.
We find, for instance, that Uncle
Samuel must not run telegraph wires
over his estate, because the Western
Union will not hear of such thing.
He must also give up carrying small
parcels for his nephews and nieces in
the mail bags, because Adams Ex-
gFess prefers to do that business and
charge f0hythose express charges y
FOR It. ff our venerable relative were
aatto propose to receive for safe-keeping
the savings of the people at his post
offices, as is done in those slew-going
regions called Britain and Canada,
we presume all the savings banks,
and especially the broken ones, would
loudly prohibit him from doing any
thing 80 sensible and beneficial.
One Dromio lamented that he no
longer belonged to himself, after mar
rying fat cook, and it is to be feared
that this great Republic, after foster
ing these great companies, no long er
belongs to- itself.
These corporations can pay largely
for speciaa leSislation,- and by their
monied influence they are corrupting
legislation, and depriving the people
of their dearest rights.
AS soon as the people elect their
own representatives--scleeting men
who cannot be bought --they will have
very desirable reforms and improve
inents, but the longer the struggle
with wealthy corporations is deferred
the more more doubtful will the result be-
come.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13
NOTICE.,

Correspondents.
Advertisements to he inserted in the CITIZEN
nast be received by Thursday evening.
Advertisements inserted Mt One Dollar per
inch, for the first insertion. Further ems cun
be had on application to the Editor or Publisher.
Communications on matters of State or Local
interest, respectfully solicited.
AL orders for job Printing Left Mt this ONCE
will receive prompt attention.
Agents and Correspondents wanted in all
Towns Of tho County.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13
A D. f. r T s. Z M j, NTS
MISCELLANEOUS.
STATE OF SOUTH CARtpLINA,
OFFICE SECRETARY or STATE,
{,


COLUMBIA, S. c. Feb. All, 1875.
Fhe FREE CITIZEN is hereby
designated as one nf+f,e newspapers
for the publication OF all legal no
lices, and oaitial advertisements for
the County of Orangebufg, under tie
Act approved February 22d, 1870,
entitled "&n Act to regulate the
publication Of al legal and public
notices, and AZ former or,iefs,os this
Board in eo:.hict with this II hereby
rescindcd.
II. L. HATNE,
Sec'y Of State and Sec'y of Board.
I, H. L. HAYNE, Secretary of State,
do hereby certify that the foregoing
is true and correct copy of the orig
inal,' now on file in this office.
II. f. HAYNE,
Secretary of State.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13

RErEAL or rHE "orsicrAr NEws-
rAPEE" Law. The law Of 1870, reg
nlating the publication of legal no.
tiees is repealed ,and there is no such
thing to-day as ON "official newspa-
-per ir South Carolina. Any person
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13

LABOR. Labor-honest labor---is
mighty and beautiful. Activity is
the ruling element of life, and it's
highess relish. Luxuries and con-
quests are the results Of labor; we
can imagine nothing without it. The
nobiest man of earth is he who puts
hands checrfully and proudly to hon
est labor. Labor is business and
ordinance Of God. Suspend labor,
and where arc the glory and pomp Of
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-03-13

be the most progressive portion of
the Union-seeing that nearly all the
fertile lands of the North are already
occupied.-Me,u York Witness.
, 1875-02-14
Sales Of the Week Few and Unim-
portant.
The Loan Market in q Quiet
Condition.
The Botanical Garden...Sugges"
ton for Site.
WorHngmen's Building Association
4 Large Rent Boil.

The usual dullness Of this inte1mediste season
n1s been aided during the past week by the ex-
t4ordiuary weather, which has intertered with
Ill business more OF less- The sales OF the week
co4np1ise tew transactions Of Importance
Landlords and tenants are making preparations
for the annual tilt about rents. There has been
too iiEtle movement ~ yet to make it possible to
give 4ny decisive views a. to the rate Of rents
The present indications point unmistakably to =
redachon. The people are lesssning their ex-
pendltures in every direction, and do not intend,
if they can help it, to pay the rents they have
been subject to. The supply OF houses is large,
and it will be increased by the manifest tendency
Of tenants who have been occupying single houses
to take to apartments and boarding-houses.
There will Likewise probabl, be 3 movement to
the suburbs, where rents are still cheaper.
In the neighborhood Of business centres there
will not be any yielding in store.rents. Else
where landlords will have to meet the views Of
tenants, who have individually the advantage Of
the present situation.
, 1875-02-14
WORKlNCMEN'S BUILDING ASSoclA-
7IONS

Bow rHEY ARE OPERATED IN PHILADELPHIA.
Suppose workingman. receiving 1ay $50 per
month, wishes to secure himself home. Select
ing locality in the outskirts favorable to his
business, he purchases loz from the ground
rent landlord By written obligation to pay the
legal rate per cent interest annually on The prin-
cipal. So, on 10. purchased for $500. only s12
5e2r would have to be paid, or for $500, only
$50. As rule. an eligibly situated lot, Is feet
front by 80 deep can be procured for the former
figures. Just As long as this yaarly rental Ia
paid the owner cannot demand the principal.
Having secured his lot, Is the next stop the
workingman joins building association The
stock Of these associations is divided into LOCO
shares at 81 eaoh. aud any number Of Bharos
from one to fifty may bs taken. We will suppose
he purchased fva~ On this he pays an ASSESS
ment Of 81 share every month As will be
seen. the Sum OF 81, 900 is paid in monthly. At
each regular meeting this money Is put up at
auction amoug the members, the ono agreeing to
pay the highest premium in addition to the in
terest being the purchaser. The money is not at
once delivered, however, unless competent Be-
curity is given, but is kept until the house (for
the payment Of which the money is needed) ia
erected, On which . mortgage is taken. II 500
is paid rs premium, it is aided to the face Of
the note. which ie made to for 81. 100 instead
Of $1,000. So, without really paying out any
money, he gets his land and his house, and has
the satisfaction Of knowing that as long as the
interest is promptly paid no power can dispos-
sess him
Let US see what that interest would amount to.
and how it viii compare with average rentals.
We will suppose that he pays S12 ground rent
per annunn7 the interest on his loan and pre-
MUM, $66 taxes $40: making total of S93,
or what would be equivalent to q monthly rent
of few cents over $8- Besides this, ID this
monthly payment to the Association Of the
stock aesesssnents, amounting 70 $50 annually,
which Is applied to the payment Of the princl-
pal.
As all tho profits are divided among the stock
holders, and Is money is sold every month, some-
times at double the premium We have mentioned,
beside the accruing interest, it will be readily
seen that the borrower is entitled to q perpetual
dividend. It would take him nearly nineteen
years. payi1g his interest ana $50 per year to
take up his mortgage; but IN reality. be often
finds himself in absolute possession of his home,
fres from incumbrance, in half that time.
, 1875-02-14

What is called the Reform~School trsct is wholly
uuimproged, and 4 waste piece ct land living
right in the way Of the city's progress, which
has already reached it. This traes Wa7 or7g1-
nsllY incorporated in the south-fark - schene' aa
snd1ots s1d ;eFdnf For Rs soma assson It "a rsa
omitted in the plat finally adopted but it has
Alwavs been one Of the favorl;e p1ans OF the
Park Commissioners to obtain control OF this
Fort,-second street OF the Illinois Central Rail
road and the Stock Yards Railroad running On
Forty~fret street ioterseckinX the Rock Island d
Michigan Southern Railroad. thus admitting OF
q popular dummy line from Van Buren, street de-
pot to the Lake Shore depot at Forty-second
street, by simple switch at the crossing. 1t will
be seen that this is the nearest and most scces-
eible large piece ct ground IN the vicinity OF the
city. As tie times arc anfayorable for the
county to make sale of this tract, which the
Commissioners greatly want apd the county IS
needing larger and cheaper land for hospital
and other building purposes. let the Reform
School tract be exchanged for larger
number Of acres,. of equal value. to be
taken from the lower slde Of Lake PARK.
that can be spared without detr1ment
to the public. This ia the public dealing with
the public-the right hand exchanging with the
left-thus adjusting public wants aud accommo-
dating public interests. The county would eet
what would better suit her. aud the Comua1ssloo-
ers would get, without further expenditure.
consummaton Of their wishes, and ne, tho peo-
den OF joy and delight. The Legislature now in
session can pass the necessary act to anthor'za
the exchange on the part Of the Commissioners.
Now is the time. and now ia the opportanisy' 1nat
should not be suffered to pass unheeded- Ihe
consideration Of the public and 1nose III au.no1 at
the sentence OF ali sensible men be, = few years
hence. ssSome one has blundeted." h. r.
, 1875-02-14

It is probable that tho Board Of Trade Will appoint
COMMITTEES Of experts to look after the Rock Ialand
barley matter and report. OF course that committee
cannot alter tbe inspection, which Is State matter
but If 1t should bo uros ed that there Is ANYTHING v1ope
that wrong would undoubtedly b. remedied by the
stata official, who have the insuectiou in charge.
The leading produce markets mere rather quiet On
Saturday. but with = stcadIer feellug. aud more
.treneth in the leading ceresla There was ye little
demand for shipnent, - the rise in rail-fretehts
makes IL Impossible fo1 sn1pPesa 70 compete vain
those who made contracts before the advance TOOK d.
feet and arc nov sending forward their property at
continn. ~ ~ NV .r,,, =, n..r,- =, 1-n,rtrents
commune 70 % ,esy anan N neafty ~ oep11t%ens,
10 .hss our IN a'5' 'r' not
Tho demand for staple dry goods continues stes div
oood. and tha 1n,rtet n,;ntatn. a buovant tone
ff'ns' ucxa eotonsues' ano oeaeneo ana oto"n cot
tons advancing. Tho demand for groceries shows
soma little improvement, and johbers mauifeat little
t,,,r,+,o ~ .h.a. -rt,.. cunr-, 49,. v,,oh a-r,.r
than On the earlier days Of the week. and the indicn
main easy Teas, rtce, sirups, soaps, and most other
line. ara about steady For good to chofce grader Of
hntt,r tbsra W., . som,vbat freer tnonfrs md tte
-, ssr. 49,. -. 49, .ue
have been Light, and tho supply OF desirable table
grades Is scarcey eou.l to thu current reouiremens Of
LOCAL conAunets' eneese semAans A1m. 1ne ISL
market mas again reported active, and prices were
strong. There werc no quotahle changes except in
rhtteAsb and tront which vera advanced 2saa5c ner
brl Drte fruttu were rovtnc to moderata extsnt At
generally firm prices. prunas wers We lower. Coal
md wood vera in tsirly active request At former
ouot.tons Raoofnt, rematns t4uy, Int the arke, for
..s. -", .-s.ss- 49, ~ -.
cotton Seamless Roods 1esa1os INC nrm tone 4sey de-
veloped. Leather, pig tEon, tobacco, and oils were
without important change.
Tb.rn mn ch,noes in lumbar 1b. demand
from alI sources WI Isht md nrice. wa wiihont
ste,iA chauee. Drugs and cheaicais vera ouiet .nI
recrnt 1ntea 1ron n drrn IN can.eousnce ~ ~
ths laroa rednction in ths nrodnction IN ths
pit.ab1r9 dstricts Ma 1avnncs !. 1;teiv ~
occrr fHmrnodinteiv hut thara !, 1yt,A ~ ~
dsnostion nav to eut ratea. Nil. are .so ae4n IN
srmosthv uith fron m" roo1 hnn hida md t-o,1n- -
cnr1 ~. rrsts wera v;ttont 1nateTfsl ch,n1a ssad
,nicea wtrs ssfad hut thers was lttIe demsnd IL frn
, 1875-02-14

LATEST.
NEW YoEx, Feb. 19.-Mooey closed Ut 292K per
cent call.
The foreign-exchanee market was little steadier At
the close ut for good to prime banters sixty
dsyy' sterling, and 48G@466K for de1nanp. During
the morning line Of good bsnkers bills so1d low
n 482H.
Gold closed st 1l41<, after selling at u4x@114X.
The rates paid for carrying 4 to per cent per
anuum, aud for borrowing fat
Ciea7inss $4s, ,ooc 0o0 Customs receipts $3o7, ,o0o
&nd for the week. 800. The Assistant Treasurer
disbursed during the rsek s1,e15.ooo. Specie ship
ens for the week. $5s1o15. Of whtch so3 28s in
gold coin the remainder In silver and gold bars. I'm
ports Of dry goods 81, ,769 7s2 merchandise 1885,
146.
Governments dali and steady.
In railroad bonds this afternoon Central Psohc ad-
vanced to 95yk, Union Pacfo drst4 to 93N, and the
stnking funds to s6H.
The stock market opened Irregular but in the main
weak Pacific Mail being exceptionally strong stock.
As the day advanced the whole List became weak under
the influence Of WesteTu Union and Union Pacific and
prices declined x to X per cent Western Union de-
c1iued TO TAX, when it was known that the Executys
Committee had decided to reduce the rates on Mnu-
day to correspond with the reduction made by the A.
antdc pncthc Company. Later in the day there was
slight recovery, but towards the close stocks were
very dull and weak, except for Pacific Nail. The
market closed active and weak.
The "hear. profess to b in receipt Of dispatch
from Nashville to the effect that efforts being made
in the Legislature to repudiate portion Of the bonded
debt Of the State.
The mortgage bondhoders Of the Great Western
Railroad, Of 1850, and Illinois Southern Iowa Dail-
road, this afternoon appointed Messrs. G1lswold,
Lord Brown, and Baldwin, committee to confer With
the Directors Of the Road. aud to apply,
By judicial proceedings, Tor the sppointment Of Re-
cever to protect their interests aud that tho earn-
irgs Of the roads applied according to priority Of
neus and not devoted to the payment of ths floating
debt
Tho existing dullneas in the market n generally At
tbuted 10 the advanced Of commissions and tho
dissatisfaction In regard to this rnstter seems to b
growing. To-day csll was Adoas for meeting On Tia
18th tnst., to form = new Bozrd,
Da tzansae+ions te-day agszeZssed 1s7,ooo shares,
, 1875-02-14
NEW YORK PRODUCE MARKETS.

Hr YonK. Feb. 1S-FLou1-DuIl. and sttu rules
II, hrx.7., favor sonthern nour outet and heavy
.a1es 400 r,s 1t a 10 for common to fair extra
<s * yo- oood In cboito do Rre aour du1 and m
changed . tales 30 b11s At s4oota52o
co1r-Mr.1-Dn,l. sa1as $50 br,s at &. .soa4 50 for
pestor, q ena. rs for Brandvvine.
Gn.nx-wbr.t II natter. with moderate export and
,,n,a ,r,e inon;rr ,a,es =, m hn At Il oaa1 "a for
~, o,- :, x,,, oe,< sa. ~, y rh,..1. =, ~
NO. eprang' A.Va13e9A.oo+s 1oF No. cnaeo' s1'oo
@l.07 for No. Northwestern; A.oa91u for NO.
Milwaukee; $11331.I5 for No. spring l,019&1.17
for n,or.de Iowa and Minnesota spring 81 18l q
--..- 7 1u...w. e. na1 * fo~ .rhs~ ao
1or "ntes te1 "eaSeta eA.N3e7E .' ~
H.239l3o for white Western. Rye duA IL s!e@'ec.
Barley dull and II buyers favor; sales $500 bu Of
ror,non fan,d. w.xt IN nri yata texrns Barley malt
-oI M.1.,rW -. ar.. -. 80. t..r,,-.. ~,1..
qu1ee ano ne4's. oefa ILL., WIN 1e4t 4A9otiy o
Il, 900 bu at 8l@s1He 7o1 Western mixed: u 3SSa2o
for high mixed and yellow Western: SIC for white
c,rtHarr 0.+. xb.d. nrner. .a1-z n nm I'm at ST
S-a. w...ss - a.s7,. ~. .ht.s 1vset~~
94oc 1or u11eo "es'e1n' I'VE ~u1eo "e@'o1n"
PHov1s1ons-Pork dull ~ S19-57H Tor new mers,
SIS so for extra prime inspected s18o0&181s.25 for
-. ,n... ne,f ,n,.t At s1n s0 for main 1naa.
-. p.1e ae1,s m' ~ -. In -. ~, ~
&A.oNSi@uu ICE extra oo- oeeA HILLS oun' ~ e@3'eo9
2lco for prime. Tierce beef quiet at so 0C90 % for
primo mess So Ooaa400 for India Dressed hogs
dru ,,a ,,rh.ro.5 .t a,<aoc fer cstv 7z<A4kc for
.r-. ~ =. Ho1s 1e -