The New York herald., 1875-09-17

peasant brought TO judgment for refusing 10 pay
The Pacha nodded to his guards, and the peas
ant was thrown down and beaten, though he cried
pteously that he poor who had not plaster
and could not find to his life ''This man."
observed the Pacha 'has to be beaten thus every
year" "God bless my soul |" replied the Mortified
Consul General, 'et me inercede for him" By all
means" replied the Pacha, politely. The Pacha
waved his hand and his guards, who thwackng
the man though he were a carpet stopped in their
work the PEASANTS screams ceased and he got up But
on rising to his feet he made false STEP knocked his
head against the ground, and the precise amount of
taxes due from him rolled suddenly out Of hls mouth.
He had resolved to bear much beating he could
rather than pay but if brought to the last extremity
he had his money in readiness.
ANOTHER VIEW OF THE NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
LETTER FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT
AT TRIESTE.
| TRIESTE, August 80 1875.
1t is not difficult give the for any outbreak
| of the Christian subjects of Turkey. The name given
them by the Turks-rayah signifyng beasts a sufI
indication of the position they hold in the admin
istration affairs but parts of the Empire
they seemed to have preserved spirit enough not to
submit TO be always treated beasts, now and then
there a revolution When the tax gatherer is reason
ably voracious the Mussuman conhabtans are pugna-
cous, and rice persa that between the two there is
always reason for revolt Then, for justice, the
Christian has none which he cannot pay for, and pro-
lection none at ALL The Herzegovina and Crete are
perhaps the abused Zone really can't use the word
governed a Of all the provinces both are poor the
soil mainly owned by Mussuman landlords and the
taxes are paid in kind-one-tenth to the government
and one-thrd to the landlord, but the tenth
is oftener the seventh, fifth, and the
third the half because the proprietors have a
convenient way of saying to the peasant, You have
many acres they ought to produce so much, there
fore you will pay the third of that" The tax col
ectors adopt the hint and the taxes farmed out
at estimated all above the estimate goes into
the pocket of the farmer of taxes and he has every
interest to exaggerae the yield it is never below the
actuality Then the peasant has to justice
for his oath is not accepted against Mussulman and
already robbed of the greater part of his years
ngs, he cannot pay the cad for favorable decision,
and if he enough to keep body and soul to-
gether, he submits Sometimes he cannot, and then
come troubles. The Bey quets them by the simplest
MEANS and the poor peasant leaves his children to the
care of God and goes whore hey gatherer
| reach him.
Here is the history OF the present troubles in the
| Herzegovina Last year some of these starved peas
ants being ready of complaint the presence of
their Mussulman compatriots, of their number
killed The Christians retaliated and afray took
| place. in which, the Mussulmans turning out the
strongest the Christians fed into Montenegro the
frontiers of which the fight took place There they
passed the winter to meet the spring Il e.,
Juno ultimo). On the persuasion of the authori-
| ties of Montenegro and the guarantee of the
Turkish Mudr that harm should be done them they
returned to their homes Soon after of the prnci
pal of them found killed. then another and another
until the remainder took alarm and steps protect
themselves A fight took place. Some Montenegrins
| tIo Tt,rlr driuo
out of the village AS the whole country a state
of explosion from the tax expressions the flame spread
rapidly, and to-day there in the Herzegovina about
5000 to 1900 insurgents and the Turkish garrison at
Mostar the capital OF the district, cannot so out and
that of the city of Trebgne is closely bockaded and
must, if not relieved, surrender in few days.
The district is particularly well situated for Defence
being mountainous and cut up with deep de1les high
ridges, and along the west separated from the by
strip Damata, that there only points where
to the httoral is possible and to these
from the ships pass through waters under the
jurisdiction Of Austria AT of these points, Kick,
the troops havo already tried penetrate the into
ror but with little prospect of success that the last
from there says that they have already embarked
again for Antvari, port south of Montenegro The
passes strongly held by the insurgents at Kick,
well at the other point Castenuovo, that they
regarded impassable and all that remains Is to
|
as hopeless the other reference the relief either
of Trebigne Mosar. The only other way is through
Serva Montenegro the latter strategcally diff
cult the others mentioned) the choice of which
would be declaring those semi-independent
States
The collector worse put to it here than with the
'fntellgen contraband kilograms contradicting each
other in the hour repeating themselves two
or three days later What we know pretty confidently
that the insurgents have obtained many Slight advan-
| tages, magnihed by telegraph into battles, taken
several bockhouses aud small posts and hold the whole
country, from Mosar to the Montenegrn frontiers
pretty much their disposal; and there seems
no way for the Turkish troops approach them they
likely to have all the time they need to organize;
and they receive arms, &C. freely the Monte
negrn frontier things go swimmingy. The spirits
Of the insurgents friends here seem to be high and
! everything goes mu:h they hope far. The
general expectation is that Turkey will be obliged TO
declare Servia TO stop the continual passing of
armed volunteers the frontiers into Bosnia, and
the same time to be able send her troops by
that road INTO the disturbed country. This of course
would be general connagraon would result in in
| tervention by the Powers.
Both Serva and Montenegro quite ready to be
| carcd war upon, and hold their own unless the
Turkish army has undergone a radical revolution rank
| and file, within the past four years; and the end of
! such would certainly be the dsmemberment of
the Empire. And on the other hand If Servia allows
her people 60 the aid of the insurgents and they
keep the country raised in revolt the troubles
will spread tho other districts the result of
which would be equally disastrous
1t certainly seems very difficult position for the
| Porte And what is MORE it deserves the embarrass-
ment and the worst consequences which beall it,
for II has had warning after warning, and while every
instruction brings repentance and promises
! government, is it over than everything is
forgotten and nothing further from the thought Of
! the Turk than to his malady.
There is no need to look political intrigues for
cause for Instruction; the whole Empire covered
with gunpowder and hardly matters where the spark
falls or who strikes IT, Tho miserable state of every