davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

DisnOncSt tOnpclluOhs -
4 recent investigation in New York shows
a general system ,f frauds in canned Goods.
1t extends to every description Of fruits.
meats. vegetables and fish. At this examin-
alton it was found that in the case of
CLANS. the solid contents of a one.pound can
weighed eight and one-half ounces; two.
pound cans contained sixteen and three.
fourths ounces Two-round cans Of lobster
showed twenty.four ounces of solid contents
Cans Of condensed milk turned out thirteen
ounces to the pound. The contents Of cans
Of mushrooms, after having been drained of
water and squeezed dry, did not exceed six
and one-half ounces to the pound Corned
beef ia cans made the following exhibit:
six-pouni can. five and onc-fourth pounds
Of beef; four-pound can, three pounds and
seven ounces Of beef All this is the result
of dishonest competition. Canned goods
are sold by the can, The price graded upon
the honest weight being put into the cans.
Another packer put. biz goods on the mar
ket at twenty-five per cent per can less. and
puts that much less fruit or fish ia the can.
lie, in turn, is uudcrold 10y some other per
'on, who puts still less in the cans. In this
way, the man who puts a pound Of lobster
ia pouud-can, is readily mdorsold by those
who, putting only half "a pound OF lobster
To- the can, can sell with increased profit ut
tUo-thirls the standard price.
Any housokoeper can tell how much lac or
she is swiudlcd in canned goods by weigh
ing the can before it is opened and then
weighing IL and the water after the solid
contents have been taken out Nothing is
more common i'm the canned goods trade
than TO have several brands of the same ar
ticlc selling at different prices. This differ
encc, in majority of eases, represents the
shortage Of fruit or fish, and the water in
the lowpriccd cans.
This trick prevails in other trades. a
year or more ago there was convention of
manufacturers of wrapping papers held in
Vermont to try and correct abuses Of this
samekind, and at thatconyention there was a
general reprobation Of the frauds. Il was
stated that the paper was sold by the ream;
that in order to underscll rival paper would
be put up with twenty sheets to a quire
others would put up less and there were
even instances where there were but eleven
sheets in quire. This paper was Of course
soldatmuch less than an honest ream could be
sold for In view of the extent to which
this kind of fraud has been carried, the pack
ers of canned goods in the Eastern states
have called a convention to meet in Phil
adelphia, to adopt some measure to put
an end to IT, The trade-that is, the great
body of the retailers in the country-fully
understand the business They know the
standard prices at which honestly packed
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04
staIIstIcs Of the unIyer.It, o. yermont.

The Burlington Free Press gives some facts
worth noting, gathered from the new general cat
logue Of the University Of Vermont and State Az.
ricultural College
The whole number Of graduates in the academ-
zeal department is eight hundred and ffty-nine,
oil whom two hundred and eighty-four are known
to be dead. OF the whole number, three hundred
ana thiIty-two are set down as lawyers. one hun
dred and cishty-iiye as cleIgymen, ffty-one AZ
physicians, thirty as editors, thirteen a. members
Of congress, forty as college professors, and six as
college presidents. The listof professors docs
not include principals Of normal schools, acade-
mics, etc. OF the cergymen, forty-seyen are
starred Of the lawyers, one hundred and twenty
nine The whole number still living, so far "A
known, Is five hundred and seventy-fve. of whom
two hundred and three are in the practice of law.
aud one hundred and thiry-eight are in the Chris.
tian ministry,
OF the classes from 1904 to 1908 there are no
living representatives; the same is true of the
classes Of 1911, 1914, 1919, 1923 and 1884
In the medical department, between the years
1873 aud 1896, one hundred and sixteen NJ. D's
were graduated 0fthese twenty-four are starred.
Since the reorganization OF this department or
between 1854 and 1878, four hundred aud sixty
have been graduated NJ D. OF this last number
but fifteen are known to have died
BY the way, the statement in the papers that the
medical class sent ont this year was the largest
which ever left the Institution, may be corrected
by glance at the catalogue, which shows a class
OF thirty-one in 1862; one Of thirty-two in 1865,
aud one Of thirty-six in 1866.
The roll Of honorary graduates carries three
hundred and forty-one names Of which one hum
dred and twenty-seyen have the qsterislS affixed
The total Of graduates, academic and medical
Is one thousand four hundred and thirty or,
counting those not alumni, who received hon
oiary degrees previously 10 1875, one thousand
seven hundred and slxty-six II one insists on
grammatical accuracy, however, two of these are
alumnm-a double first"
An appendix gives the names and positions Of
such alumni and undergraduates as were en-
rolled in the army during the rebellion. In tho
aeademical roll there are one hundred and twenty
one names; in the medical twenty-six more. TO
each OF these should DO added two Others since
ascertained, making total OF one hundred and
hlty-one who served in the army or navy. This
number will probably be considerably increased
when the lists are revised and made complete.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

TnE question of international copyright
has been brought into prominence again by
recent discussions. in which Mr. Charles
Reade has taken a conspicuous part. The
Hon. Reyerdy johnson has written letter on
the subject, in which he sums up very clearly
the grounds ON which "natural principles
and moral justice demand that an author
should be protected in securing the benefit
Of his own work. not only in his own conn
try but in all other countries. lie argues
that mans writings are his property, and
protected rs such by the common law.
Copyright laws do not restrict his rights,
but afford to them within certain limits the
protection which they ought to have at all
times and in all places.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

THE Atkinson, Kansas, champion says
" Throughout Gye-sixths Of the state the
havests were never larger or better The
rains have been timely and abundant The
surplus of grain, for export, will be enor
nous. Even in the counties devastated by
the locusts this spring, nature is exerting
herself to repair The damages The corn is
growing withwonderiul rapidity, and should
the season continue favorable, the crop will
be very large. Chinch bugs are working in
some fields, but their depredations are not at
all general. Individuals will suffer severe
losses in the border counties, but the crop
prospects for the state at large have never
been better, and could hardly be better"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

TRAMrs.-The Scientific american says
Fix the penalty for begging at ten days
labor on highways for each offense; there is
no danger of failing demand for that sort
of labor for the next fifty years. Give to
every citizen the power to make arrests in
cases OF yagraney, and for every ten days
labor by the person so arrested. credit the
person making the arrest with five days to-
ward the working out of his road tax. For
his labor give the tramp decent board and
lodging, and from ten to fifty cents day as
wages, according to his efficiency, Let such
law be vigorously executed, and in little
while we shall have better roads and fewer
tramps. The honest seekers for labor suffer
less under such system than they do now"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

lN letter to the Des AIoiues, Iowa, lee.
ture committee Mrs. Beecher states that it
is quite uncertain whether Mr.. Beeeher will
lecture at all this season, at any great dis
lance from home. After saying that a
unanimous verdict would have been gratify-
ing, and only small justice in view Of the
most vile and wicked ISLANDERS against the
purest, cleanest-hearted man that the sun
shines upon" she shows the hopelulness Of
her loyalty to her husband by saying 81
have no fears but that, even in this life, my
husband will stand acquitted before all men
save such characters as those who have
plotted against him, and even they know
that he is gultless."
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

FLoops WEST AND SoUTn. - The tele-
graph has been laden for the past two or
three days with details of most disastrous
floods which have been sweeping over Mis-
souri,, Kansas Ohio, Indiana aud Illinois, and
which were rapidly extending southerly
through the Mississippi valley. No such de
yastating floods have prevailed for many
years, and the damage to the crops of all
kinds, except upon the highest table lands,
is almost unprecedented In the valley Of
Spring River Missouri, alone, the damage
TO crops is estimated at a million and half
of dollars A large number of railroads, in
GLIDING all of those running East from st.
Louis, are compelled to suspend running.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

CoScERSING the premature discussion of
the senatorial question in Maine, the Bangor
Wig utters words Of wisdom II says the
effort of the opposition " to drag the Repub-
licans of Maine into squabble over the sen
atorial question at this time will not be
permitted "That ISSUE it remarks, be
longs to next year, and to next year the good
sense of the Republicans of Maine will re-
mand it. Neither Mr.. Morril's friends nor
Mr. Baine's friends have any right whatever
to bring up that question at this time, and
whoever permits this to be done, will in the
end suffer by it." The politicians will do
well to heed this advice.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

TuE English is the first Of foreign nations
to break ground at Paramount Park, Phila.
phia, for the erection Of the buildings for the
use OF their commissioners during the cen.
tennial. Japan, Sweden and Morocco are
preparing to follow suit, and the other com.
missions will soon be similarly engaged, the
whole making very lively and picturesque
scene. Austria's requisition for space, which
has just been received, calls for thirty.two
thousand square feet OF the main building.
and over twenty-one thousand in the art gal
lery, an increase of one-third over the orig.
inal reservation for that nation.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

SAMOAN Where are the Sa-
moan Islands? Our government has now
taken them under il, protection Is any
thing known of their conditions We can
answer in part. This cluster called also
the Navigator Islands, lies in the South
Pacific not far from the steamship track
from san Francisco To Australia 1t inti-
mates the vast space Of the Pacific to say
that they are about twice as far from san
Francisco as London is from New York
the Sandwich Islands, lying nearly midway
between the two points. They belong to the
general system Of which the Friendly Islands
and the Feejee group are also parts This
cluster numbers eight or ten islands, some of
them, mere dots upon the water and 9TH
ers reaching a circumference OF from two
TO three hundred miles. The scenery Is nj
once beautiful and grand. The mountains
are so lofty as to form landmark for mari
ners from five to six hundred miles away.
Col Steinberger. appointed in 1873 special
agent Of the l.. S. government TO visit these
Islands, IN ms report 10 the |. y. senate
speaks in the highest terms of the mission-
aries stationed there, and their work lie
says "They have exeted over the natives
a wonderfully Transforming power, in less
than half a century changing in many inn
portant respects the whole moral aspect of
the islands They are, beyond all doubt,
mora itur,otto,tt M afr.,t;f l., f.,r,. .ft
ties in the civilization Of these people than
all other causes combined" A. the result
Of this visit our government has assumed
the protectorate Of these islands, and now the
flag Of our country waves peacefully over an
industrious and Christian people who only a
few years since were a nation of savage
canuibals.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

\ REAL lIERo.-lt is seldom We have oc-
casion to note more heroic act than that Of
the late Judge L. F. Dyer, of Lake County,
Colorado. 1t became his duty last month
to order the arrest of certain desperadoes
who had oyerawed the country, and filed
some Of the offices from their own number.
When Judge Dyer issued the warrants for
their arrest, the mob, headed by the sheriff
of the county, seized him while he sat in
court. 1t was demanded that the prosecu.
tions should be abandoned, but with sublime
courage the Judge refused their request.
He was then dragged from his bench and
shot in the back and instantly killed Just
before his death, while knowing the conse-
quences of refusing to yield to the mob, and
while facing the muzzles OF the ruffans pis-
tolls, he wrote to his father Rev. Mr.. Dyer,
Of Monument, Colorado, the following letter
GRANuE, July 3, 1875.
Dear Father IL don't know that the sun will
ever rise and set for me again or not. bat trust
in God and His mercy. At eight o'clock sit in
court. The mob have me under guard Mr. Gil
Hand Is missing this morning, but cannot think
harm has befalen him. God bless you, my father.
in your old age, and in sam and his boy--in all
your children--but YOU know John bears the
name Bless himand his forever, o my God, My
love 10 all friends. and say am proud to be your
son. There Is no cowarlice in me, father lam
worthy Of you in this respect God comfort you
and keep you always. am in this one respect
like him who died for all; die, II die must, for
law, order and principle and too stand alone
Your loving and true and hope in some re-
spects, worthy son, ELIAS +. DYER
These words have the true ring and fully
show that the age of true heroes il not en-
tirely extinct.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04
Death Of Andrew johnson.


President Of the United States, died at
Greenyille, Tenn, on Saturday lie was
not quite siNty-seycn years old, having been
born in Raleigh, y. C., in December, 1905.
lie was bred a tailor taught himself to read,
and learned to write after he got married.
A democrat by nature, ne began in politics
when he was only twenty years old. and at
the age of twenty-six was elected to the leg
slature Of Tennessee. lie came INTO Con-
gress in 1913, and served in tho House Of
Representatives for ten years, and was al
ways a democrat. In 1888 he became gov
ernor OF the state.
In 1857 he was elected to the Senate of the
United States. in 1860 Unsupported Breck-
inridge and Lane, the secession candidates
for President and Vice-Presidenti but when
secession really began he vigorously opposed
ii, speaking two days in the Senate in favor
of preserving the Union. During the war
President Lincoln appointed him Military
Governor of Tennessee aud he retained that
office until he became Nice-President in
1861. The assassination Of Mr.. Lincoln
made him President and his history in the
a.. IL 49,
1t is enough to repeat that, owing to his sep
aration from the Republican party which
had elected him, and his quarrel with the
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Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

TnE Boston Transcript says that ga good
many of the rumored points of evidence
against Piper, accused of the belfry murder,
fail to stand the test of careful inquiry, aud
1t is understood that the chain is not as
as was supposed.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-08-04

PRoF. WARD, of Syracuse, has received turtle
weighing nine hundred pounds, which he intends
70 stuff and place in his museum.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1875-11-02
The Swedish Colony in Maine.


There has been a marked improvement
in the appearance Of the colonists since
we last saw them in public meeting,
about three years age, They were very
much better clad many of the young
men and ladies were dressed fashioDa6ly
as well as neatly. They have, this year,
harvested an abundant crop, their barns
arc full to overlooking, and large
amount Of grain is secured in fine order
upon their peculiar ricks, which are un.
like anything ever seen here for saving
grain, and better than any other method
except tight barns, Many Of them came
to the meeting in double and single car
riages, some Of the carriages having dou.
BILE seats, upon which rode four and six.
Many Of the farmers have "hocks" Of
sheep in place of the two or three they
had, two years ago. Some, who had one
COW then, have three or four now. They
cut, this year, large crops Of hay. have
pastures for their stock, and their farms
begin to have the appearance of old and
well.cultivated fields. The Rev. Mr.
Wren cut, this year, twenty eight tons of
hay and had some forty acres of grain.
In looking over New Sweden, as it is now,
and seeing the people, we are confirmed
in the opinion we have often expressed,
that in fifteen years New Sweden will be
the best to.do and most independent rural
town in Aroostook 1t is but little more
than five years since it was an unbroken
wilderness, forest in which no tree had
been cut except by lumbermen. Now,
hundreds of acres are under cultivation.
Next January, they will be entitled to
deeds Of their land from the state, and
then there will be in New Sweden larger
plumber OF men who will own their land
in fee, without n particle Of incumbrance,
mortgage, or anything Of the kind, than
in any other town in Aroos.ook, with the
exception, perhaps, of three or four, and
we doubt whether these exceptions will
exist. They are great lovers Of money,
and it is supposed that many Of them
have grecnbacks boarded, OF which they
say nothing Notwithstanding all the
talk that has been made, Of their being q
colony Of paupers, but two families have
received any aid from the state during
the past year, and the mothers of these
are widows with large families. They
are very kind social people in their
habits, families visiting each other, social
parties are frequent, and they kindly aid
and assist each other in misfortune
PreSque Isle (Me) Surprise.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1875-11-02
Annual Meeting of the Wo-
mans Board.

The Vermont branch OF the Woman
Board Of Missions held its annual meeting
in the chapel Of the Congregational
church in Rutland, Wednesday, Oct. 27.
The afternoon meeting was opened
at $3.50 by reading Of the Scriptures
by the president. and prayer By Mrs,
A. b. Swift, Of Enosburgh The reports
of the secretary and treasurer showed Il
generally prosperous condition for the
past year. The aggregate receipts for
the year have been 1920, an excess
over that of last year Of $3.50. Nine
new auxilaries have been formed max
ing in all sixty. There are also connected
with the branch eleven mission circles.
Forty ladies have been made life men,
bers of the Woman's Board during the
year. The news from the different parts
Of the state is very encouraging. One
auxiliary that was formed OF five mem
bers, in niue months numbered thlrty.fve
and had contributed SSl.
At the evening session, Mrs Horace
Fairbanks, of St. Johnsbury, was elected
president, With the exception OF some
changes among the vlce.rresidenis, the
officers remain as before.
Mrs. Haven then gave an account Of
the meeting of the Womaus Board OIL
the Interior, held in connection with the
recent meeting Of the American Board al
Chicago, urging the call for laborers that
comes from all parts of the heather
world,
Alter singing again report was glyer
by the secretary, Miss Julia Pease, of Q
recent meeting held in Boston, at Tho
house of the president of the Woman's
Board, Mrs. Albert Bowkcr, especial,
urging the larger circulation of life ana
Light, thus difiusing missionary inte'li
gence more widely.
Mrs. Helen q. Knight, secretary o
the New Hampshire branch, extende,
the greetings of that society to the Yer
mont branch, speaking most earnestly o
the formation of mission circles among
the young, that in early years they nigh
be educated in this most important de
partment in Christs work.
After singing two verses Of the Mis-
sionary Hymn the meeting closed.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1875-11-02
The National Thanksgiving

BY the president Of the United States
Of America a proclamation In accord
ance with practice at once wise and
beautiful. We have been accustomed, as
the year is drawing to close, to devote
an occasion to the humble expression of
our thanks to Almighty God for the
ceaseless and distinguished benefits be.
slowed upon us as a nation, aud for His
merces and protection during the closing
year. Amid the rich and free enjoyment
of all our advantages, we should not for.
get the source from whence they are de.
rived and the extent of our obligations TO
the Father Of all mercies. We have full
reason to renew our thanks to Almighty
God for the favors bestowed upon us dur
ing the past year. By His continuing
mercy civil and religious liberty have
been maintained, peace has reigned with.
in our borders, labor and enterprise have
produced their merited rewards, and to
his watchful providence we are indebted
for security from nestilence and other ma.
tional calamity. Apart from national
blessings each individual among US has
occasion to thoughtfully recall and de.
voutly recognize the favors and protection
which he has enjoyed. Now, therefore,
II, Ulysses s. Grant, president Of the
United States, do recommend that, on
Thursday the 25th day of November,
the people Of the United States, abstain
ing from all secular pursuits and from
their accustomed avocations, do assemble
in their respective places of worship, and
in such form as may seem most appropri-
ate in their own hearts, offer to Almighty
God their Acknowledgements and thanks
for all his mercies, and their humble
prayers for continuance of his divine
favor In witness whereof, | have here
unto set my hand and caused the seal OF
the United States to be affixed
Done at the city of Washington, this
9th day Of October. in the year of our
Lord one thousand, eight hundred and
sevcnty.iive and of the independence of
a. ''"''aa S.atos the one hpndredth.
BY the president, Hamilton Fish, sec.
rotary Of state.