, 1875-01-30
FAMILIAR TALK,

lin earliest trsSs Of yeseola eounne', w. 1s;,,,
sail. ~ will ~ o,rs. II founf1 arnono the r,r,,-
tisna, who advanced from the mo OF bo,ta L.
that Of hhips OF rude and clumsy construction.
| Open sal!cys ,mnelled nv On ra alona. ve,a hosr-
ever tbe crafta renern'ly in use on tia Ma,jtcr.
rAnean, hr tho most ancient maritime nations.
These we're untitled for wresslinn with wind,
and waves m tho opcn sea hence na.ip,t;op
waa, for many csnturics confined IN yoyaeas
along tho cotst. The skill ar t,,r .at1ors WI. In
tt,cse c.r,r ,u,. ~ .,.h. ,m.e.,"sl ~ -
a., rn.tv,Io st.. ~, h.s a'ia s"'4E seSae'' "ef7
80 - Nv, n"' sa'y oAf'a not venture on tho
| "A"3 ~ tAo Wln4or-fens2n, and tley regularly
hoaeaed their e'ipr every eutu.nn. Their rate
| at progress, Zoo Was e3cnofnt1v .,o~ snd a
trim from the Iav.nt Ia I,,lv s.s tba ,~',.,. ~
| $500. ,,,, -. 49,. re- ~" VIZ" III
n.ny 'ook "o'' tea'ons weeks. 'ho largest yea
ses III .t'c.ens havlos ma hFe banksof cars, ami
| were csl'ed quinquemoses According to Po}yb-
| in., tley uers cauutlo of carving no,
,aam.n ami 1ao .o,,,;a-s ,rtn I,s wv
h,d I'M A. ,,,o.. .h,,,. h,,. Aae l'9iHA's
nno io' o. taes7 eniI,s ollls on the coast Of
iFute1. IN Tie year 266 u. T., after Chrtha-
| Henian-model, and thereafter nlaiutsined large
t}ec.a Of Them. Thess ra}Ieva like Tho triretoc,
which h,d ttren tanks ~ n,rs rsra ,,ra.,;d.I
| - ~. .i ~ "@A'' "o'0 PioSAae''
| "''n onoi -" to' o"o IL iA'o'"uie "lhas' lor
tbs relief OF tho fowers. TAe crew o{ a ttremo
numbered about 200 msn, and, In smooth sea.
| tho boat could la propellcd ind nnnouvcred win
.o,,.,,,;,u, it,, ~ ,,..d - a.. -
| ...a.,""h ~" ''e .p'o@ ~'N ~NS~' ~ n'oo'AH
steamboat .... -....
! During the life Of tho Roman Empire, tlls on
~ notabla Improvement in navigation xas ex-
h;bjtetl in tho ;ncre.,ad ,iyo of VI. p,l,.r, md
l 80. 49,. .,t., HA'47
[ we" WV" w 'ne s"e'tn e4otnfy. 'nefe "t6 phs
nitle cnanGe N tho form xnd rigging Of the diff
! ferhut classics. A. tho fatl OF tha Romau En-
| pire, tbs barbarian conauesors assumed tls t,a
r,l novor nj tha Mel;ter,,,o,,, fr,,.o1a,t.
,.aI nm ,..a,ssa ~ ~. ..',,a .e AA,""o'"
caused l !,Mm *ehse's 70 Dc bu'ls tor tbs defenFo
81 Wy coa". 1aa Iol tuo t1ahspoft q 'nor-
usnoh, ~ ~ eAsss.ve nasses. nna
".n '.n us.l es snreu'aes On nc
fs,.l. ,.'t 10y ngt nu..nans saMtsatne
,a,theH1 @ III M ama!, ~, +n nsahHu 81. AenFy raao
eieyea century; ;da sne seGetaas n ase saa to lave
| Ehiit e''ps y. 4'4oo ~ ~ tens' 1n lzt4 TIC
usnos1o sun. ;. St nees VI ~ eaAeth ~ t'adern
a1 .,, nfHn au!ps; ~ III naFaa contest
~ ses ~ ~ 70 s..aea Ion.tannopls, a.
ene s - oot ~ nsie .aa taey usa
nsfs =. t'oh; W.; ~, - ~" scssel9 !n re early
"si " tno tnr ~ ai , .on.s - s ao
.aiHsu , 'oF W tne ivy a.A"o Htln neet ol l'aoo
vessels Of VARIOUS ~ size. some OF them vera no
80 ~ - IN ,n. no o'ners nAo TOO"
10, .ne . H*pS!ult " ioo n9tsss.
-.s.'ae ~ sAS: "to nAtut No!neu'eu haa
elaAtot uatno u!not4n6 Eto"t. ~ conblfnE-
oan % ION sno VARIOUS s1y,es OF INC sailt:
ena,,,. ths.a Na.+ha-, o,,;a. 20
III .sas uess % Noa.ncnn 'nsneIs 70 suen'oant
lautic and 10 pursue succcssfl1l}y tIer long rny
ages OF dtscovery snd adycuture. thoy hett Lnl;,t
| SLIPS OF small size but of rrost atronrth ani
| rjgged them with sails rnthcr than OARS. ria
moot that We know Of the form Of their yeeselr
relates to their high prows u te1nH whie,, wars
! calculated to 1estHt the forco Of the waves In
order to keep in check tAs nircb]e sbias of ti,a
Danes, Alfred smployed gnlleys plIieu h7 fort1
and si1ty oars; but these yesecis veFa adau:sd
merely to coasLaery1ce. Latcs, iardjcaurto
| mad galley pulEod by eirhtT oars Wiuu Nil.
ian OF Normandy invaded England, his co,,l,a
conBisted Of vessels OF VERY inferior s:zc. Etsn.
ard /. soou,s to have couusuded uees a. cor,
siderable efficiency an, according 10 Mathew
Paris he was ablo to engage tim isrges. rslIpy
| ja the Mediterranean aud den,ol,sh 4.
| This huge re:esl. which il described b,
| t!1e old chrouic|er. was GteruiIy f1osf,
| ins forsreps. with tnrce mssts, sfford.
inc = great spread Of canvas. several bank.
| OF oats, y castolatod tower au,mountntr tha
.tor,, nd v,,} Luff na;,tn,t I-oo,, -, r., ~