Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-12-10

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tivated as at present.
Mr. Pringle was much discouraged At the
destruction Of our forests, and said that he
was afraid that the same thing would 70 on
until the wind would whistle unobstructed
around our hills made barren by this process.
Mr. A. T. Smith of New Haven, mem.
Der Of the board. thought that there was no
danger Of our losing our timber, he thought
II grew fast enough and was hard enough TO
clear of the land.
Mr. Hubbard related an anecdote At an
early day two mon standing near the Con-
necticut, when crow lit on the top Of one
Of the original pines one Of the men shot
the crow with bis rife, aud dispute arising
about the height Of the tree they cut 1t down
and found, by pacing, that IL measured 6f.
teen rods, or 247i feet. Where the tree
was cut, there il lay and rotted
The chairman thought the subject one Of
great Importance aud il was to be regretted
that there was not time 10 discuss IL further.
Mr. q. Horace Hubbard then gave an adj
dress upon
The Wastes ON the Farm.
Il was generally supposed that literary
farmers could give but little information
upon farming topics, hut he found on his
own farm, that important parts OF the profits
slipped through his fingers and went to
waste. The first waste he would speak OF
was, from the soil, neglect to pulvorlze IL
thoroughly was one Of these wastes, It must
be underdrainod to fit II for the implements
\ used to puverze the soil. Notwithstand-
ing his own farm was so hard 10 drain and
so expensive. he had still found that It paid.
He instanced some examples where. the
great benefit of draining were very marked,
the crops being very valuable after, while
before they produced only sour and innutri-
tious grasses. After the land was drained,
II must be cleared of distractions. Ma
chimes were named that very readily, and
cheaply removed the rocks and stunlps. II
must then be plowed with plows that will
pulverize it rs much rs possible. His father
used n plow that turned the frrow without
breaking it, but the crops produced on the
land were poor. Now we can get plows
that pulverize the land thoroughly.
Another great waste OF the farm was In
growing such great quantities of weeds.
Another great waste was tho great waste of
fertilizers. Manures were put out under the
rains, and the dropping Of our caves. until
thcy are drained Of their best materials.
Another source Of waste was the applica-
ton of manure in I'm impr oper condition.
He had no doubt the most profitable con-
dtion 1t can bc used In is in thoroughly
pulverizad form.
Another waste was to devote our land
and cultivation to Improbable crops. Many
crops on his own farm have proved unprof-
table, aud he had repeated the experiment
the next year with no greater profit. lie
bought worn-out farm and tried to im-
prove II by raising crops, but since he had
raised hay alone, his grass crops had nearly
doubled.
Using too much hand labor was another
wayof wasting on the farm. Many machines
could now be used to save much of this
labor. We must use more horsepower.
more empower. Almost all farmers now
Use moving machines notwithstanding the
great prejudice against them at first, still
farmers hold back from using hay tedders,
and Other labor-snving implements, that will
save us much labor us the mower. Farmers
That have much grain TO cut should use
reapers, and If they raise much corn. should
use huskers that ARE run by horsepower.
After we have raised our crops we must
feed them to such animals, as will give good
returns for tho crops we feed them, or they
will be wasted. II we raise cattle we must
keep such AS will count the feed we give
them to the largest amount of good, high
priced beef, or the largest quantity OF good
milk. If sheep, to those that will produce
the largest amount of good mutton and
wool. lfto horses we should raise such rs
will be best fitted TO our use, and sell for the
largest prices In market. Another waste is
in not cutting our hay carly enough. 1t Of
ten gets past the most nutritious state be-
fore we cut 1t. Another waste was from
the great loss from want of proper caloula-
ton aud proper division of the time upon
the farm.
Mr. Moad asked the speaker how be in-
creased his grass crop. Mr. Hubbard replied
he raised crop of turnips or fodder corn
iirst, then stocked it with grass. He stocked
with grass sloue. He had found it was
not necessary TO SOW early. He sowed red
top aud timothy 10 fall, and clover in spring
on the late sugar SHOWS. He practiced SOW
ing plaster with clover; sows peck Of tim
othy aud some redtop in the fall, and ten
pounds Of clover per acre in spring. He
was trying a piece of orchard grass and
hoped to get good results.
Tuesday Morning.
Col j. b. Mead Of Randolph, a member
of the board read paper upou "Opportuni.
ties for Young Farmers" This will be re-
ported IN another place.
Mr. j. G. Griggs Of Rutland then read q
paper npOn
The Cultivation OF Mind and Soil.
What farmers want more than anything
else ut this time, Is, n more thorough cultiva-
ton OF the mind, rs well rs of the soil. As.
sociated dairying that was conceived IN tho
mind and brain Of Mr. Williams of Oneida
county. N. Y, has done away with all tn,
drudgery in the house, incident upon dairy
Ing. We should educate our young sons
and daughters better than they can be in our
common district schools, we should cultivate
the mind more, that they may cultivate tn,
soil better. II they have greater ambition
than to he farmers they should be supplied
rs
: to act well their part in life. even if we hav,
to sacrifice Mt home to give them such edu-
cation. Examples were given showing the
great contrast in acquiring position, fame
and large pecuniary gains. resulting from
giving 10, and withholding education from
: the children In families living neighbors
I greatly To the advantage OF those who ha,
! received tho education. Farmers shoul,
! cultivate more social qualities. Tho min,
shHuld be cultivated to enjoy social gather
ings and by this contat with one and AN
other become polished as rough IRONS ant
woods nrn polished by abrasion in revolyin
= barrels and boxes.
r The soil in Vermont IL decreasing in for
r tlily and value because our minds have no
i been sufficiently cultivated to properly cult
waite and improve the soil.
, Discussion following the Papers OF Col
Mead and Mr.. briggs.
i Mr. Hubbard was pleased that these tw
i papers were brought forward together
q Having himself been brought up on faru
: until he was twenty years old, and the
n having learned profession in city iroy
/; which he returned to farm life again, b
: was able from personal experience to testif
to the greet opportunities of young farmers
!, if they will ouly cultivate their minds t
Il properly follow their calling. Many farm
!. ers 10 his noighborhOOd were making none
l. every year because their minds were cult
u waited to intellectually follow their calling
g Mr. Marley said our sons aud daugt
tiers should have their minds cultivated Q
- home, and influenced to cultivate their owl
i minds to better it them for their callinI
~ PnrnnIR haun n nrani hntu 10 nrafnrn