, 1875-11-27
SPARKS Of SCIENCE.

FAUNA OF HINDOSTAN.
| Tho tr1mouse variety and value OF tho natural
productions OF 1ndia aro no loss exhibited IN tho
animal life that teens In her tunsos aad for
oats, thai tn tho vegetation that covers her soil
! xiti tropical luxurancs. and In tho mineral
treasures that make the sasth iu many districts,
| mlne OF nuto1d wealth. The wild beAssH That
roam her plaius and prsvldo royal sport Tor tho
| huatcr. include tho lion. the tiger, leopard.
orntiaer. boar. botr, wolf, tackaf. lyoua, lynx.
fox, bison. elephant, rhinoceros, deer, eazsllo,
a,,:elope aud ne,lgye. OF tileso, tho nubiest ia
the tiger, which - targer, 6escor, and stronger
Than the liou. who has. from pleasant flcslon,
bcon regarded Al tho monarch Of the animal
kingdom.
Or. Fay7er says. in hts recent little book on
tho "1.ossl Tiger OF D.agal, In troa.iug OF tho
comparative qualities Of the lion and tiger tint
the lattog ''is genorally described ~ infotlor.
though nearly equal, to ths so-caited kius OF
boasts; but, In elze, strength. activity. and
beauty. he really Hurpaeses him, anu therefore,
though lie may mother be 80 courageous TIDE 10
dGni1ei, he 10 entitled TO tho frat p!aca-at nil
events, In India; for thero no is in his home
whilst the lion, comparatively iare, nnd coudned
! to certain limited portions Of 1n1ta, such rs
| Guzorat G~atlor, and fow other localislos, il,
| sentative Of branch Of d fauna that attatu1 ltA
highest development IN Atsica. withal, tho
largest tiger e1caoas the largest lion in aizo,
| much sa in strength and acs.vits.'
DR.. Favor frequently measured specimens
| that werp mora than 10 feet from the nose to
| tho end Of tho t1t1. No lion has a2or attained
| this size. The putnber OF tigers sesns to hare
increased In Inda In lsto yo1rs, aud tho account
OF shotr destruction Of human fo ia truly appsii-
| sng. In Lower Bengal aloac it Is statod that,
| IN tha stx years ending In 1866, 1890 possona
| wcro B!aiu BY wild animals. OF this number,
| i2ls fill victims 10 tiSers, nua 4,287 weso
killed bv wo!7as. In Raugporo from t5 to GO
reopto arc annually tos, III pieces by Will boasts.
/ 4 single tiger has killed. in thseo years tinle
| luS reFsous. Ou ono OCCASION, tho btute killed
| q tnthnr, nukher aud thtes children; ani, III
sous. Anosher tiger was known to kill, dDtiut,
tbgco sNccSs1i7e yoast, nn ayefhgo Of - poIaons
Annually. 4 thifd individual hl'oJ l27 people
iu 1869, and actually broke up travel on a hgh-
way Tor BerGral wecke before it wa3 Guafty 1nade
/ away with. Sometimes whols viiasycs ara do
| serted on accouut If tho dapredat.ons Of emo OF
| these masl-slayers. According 10 Government
report, 10 the Centta. troyinoes 80 single
tcrosH caused :le Iase:tion Of thirteen villa ,aA,
and 90 slASse miles OF country Mete thrown
| out OF cultivation"
Many Of tho most dangerous OF The wild bsasts
| pronl around the Immediate ne,KAuorluol OF
tho cltes. and sacrifice both men and d,nesllo
I 1utnlais 10 their t'eroe grad. Tha bungalows
provided for Travellers nna tho tontK ~h:ol shol.
sst them In their journeys aid luntng oxci:-
s,ons. use fselueM.!y s!sssnd by thesa styage
marauaota. Whlle IT. Eoussolet was oncamped
| In q bunkato" Oh the plans near Dela'. tAero
was inlenHo agitatlon excited among his nou.
one evening. by tho presence OF hvena In tue
! apartment he oecupibl. No ono dAfed ente.
tho room, az tho Intruder was supposed to be .
pauthor. A masa Of flaming rags w4s thrown
into tho room. aud by their ll.ht tho an'mh was
discovered aud dispatched. It proved u bs q
fusf-aizcd hyena; md, after pstea VIE restored
by its destruction, the traveller rstirod to rest,
mot without laughing heartily over the emo
t'ons Of tho evening. md the episode OF tha h1e-
| na. l1lnt In bedroom"
Among The charactersstto birds Of India aro pea-
cocla-which arc protected bY \ special odict Of
the 1i,ndoo tiose1n,nant, ,-pheRaanss, p,gaona,
earrots junglc-fow the pagu ls-sh,ush, buIDul,
| uamingo, p:icau, mud Allutaut-
II aosno OF the cstiss, ns 10 Cs.cu.ss. tho .dIu,
taut IL cheEished ~ valuable kchyenEer. The
birds bscone very thtnc, bo1ns prsaeryol from
moestatlon, aud walk abonE IN tho crowded
.ugs, searching with tholr easlo eyes Tor a pros
pect OF booty. When eject, the adjutant /.
abuso faot h!gh.-noar'y TIM hagh: at a naa
and, With It's enormous bsll,-capsblo Of awal
, Its hugo pouch underneath. build head and mock
aud osEliko tuHa. 1t Ia clriou+ csehturs to see
/ In tho heart OF city. Theas services sn clsan
,ns sho Atteeta ef ath are Krost.y pr.zed; s:.d
| zarla whom they rula, they thu l,csusct
, scavengers ot tue cisiss Of Southern India
, | strange to say, thb beautiful ma1about foathsr
grow urdoe the,r wingu
T One Of tho largest birds at rnlia IL tho saras
or Antgoae crane. It IT, oven larget thAu tn
, adjutant. II is clothed with = s,!ky, poatl-gra
Eumnss Ana its ,e..eato hoaa " oEnansnies
,, with o rod cap. Tho bird is hold Hacrod by th
! Hintooa, who have naasso it tho emb!om ct COZ
jugal fidelity. It 10 aiwAys met with IN pairs
and. 1t one ohsnces to 10 Slot, tts mate will T.
l Mohsmmodaus cat tho Aeshpf tho bird, uh!c
. 10 blaoE and tough, yet s5ble"hat resemble
, beof in A1yor.
THE ENGLISH WALNUT.
Tie homo OF tho Enslish walnut (Juglan
:, | rcaHa} Ia pcFsia IND tho uimatsyas. II was In
]. trciucad into Europe, ut very early age by III
a Gleeks, who planted 1t in all theis cotnatas.
Il found i.s SAY into Italy many centuries prior :
- - tho Christian era, and was greatly pr;zsd by th
d Romans, who gave st tho DANA JngsAns, ssid y
h Far.o to bs contraction OF tho worda Jouf
III Na"s.-Jupitors nut. Tho Romans d! !trasol III
10 tree through tLcr provinces. p!ahtiug 1t even
ri Enslsad, where IL was called by the Saxon
" Wealh'knut, os foreign nut, whence oomss th
!" modern usno walnut. ln Ilussls, the trse
u called drseG nus, probably because It was car
i. rlod FROM Greece lutu that country,
!" Tho hnest wh!nu!-trcss In the world grow,
,, u SAIL III Asia Minor and &tong the Elack Sos
IL IN cifokssla ana pera'a, tdo,.sAnda OF tan,lle
nubsist upon The produces Of FEW 1ood4 Q
- groupd d1Yotea to waluut-traes rao Nu,i,lia
Astot giving sts1tst'cs tsgardlhg tho tFes, says
70 "Naar DAlaklava, y .Le crstnsa. there ia q
II families, sud which PRODUCES Aunuaily froI
IL So 900 to 100, 900 nuts. Thls lres is said to
ln nearly aoQo years ota. AZ .hs Village Of p.rsl
eni! tn o!sses S% tne'e w,oustree "hos
tree II worth eat annually. Thote aro ssyer.
very anolent wslnnt-trees ln E1Rlind. tha MOI