The New York herald., 1875-09-16
TIE WAR IN TURKEY.
Origin Of the Difficulty with
Herzegovina.
The Rayahs Refuse to
Pay Taxes.
BREAKUP OF THE FEUDAL SYSTEM
Rumors OF a Plot to Reconstruct the
Turkish Empire.
BREAKUP OF THE FEUDAL SYSTEM
THE CONsULS AT MOSTAR.

VIENNA, August 90 1875.
am authorized to state that at the 1rst outbreak of
trouble in the Herzegovina the Court of Austria
lnonically but plainly told by the Turkish Ambas-
Iador who is a very sensible man, that order could
pnly restored by force the disturbed districts be-
sausc the leaders of the revolt would listen to rea
son and simply avowed their
RESOLVE TO PAY NO TAXES
'The insurgents" 4" continued the Ambassador with
rood-humored irony, and in the mild manner of
Turkish gentleman, do not number four hundred
rebels all told. and they mostly idle rogues who
want to go about thievng in company during the
present disturbances"
This representation was made to Austria because, in
the first place. it quito truc in the next because
the Porte anxious any fresh interference
with the internal affairs Of their government For
merly, when Sir Stratford Canning, the great Ecbee
who afterward bloomcd into Lord Sratford de Rcdcne
was pleased Turkish Vizier gave himself further
with foreign AFFAIRS and could 60 soothing his
mind with fresh pipes and coffee till something
Cured to put His Exccllcncy out of temper To do Sir
Btraord Canning only justice must be admitted that
he generally took reasonable view OF rcvolts, and
feeling that sort of interest in Turkey which
generally cherishcs for his private property, he
always ready and willing to assist in putting them
down But of late years the mantle OF Stratford Can
ming has been torn into dozen shreds. Then Russia
and England were the only Powers which took work
ing interest in Turkish affairs Germany and Italy
have sprung up into great Powers Austria,
delivered from her internal dissensons, Is
growing more and more uneasy about her
eastern frontier France is eagerly looking out for
occasions Of reganing her diplomatic influence and the
Porto is consequently harred by Ambassadors that
II tries whenever possible to negotiate their heads
For this reason tho Turkish Ambassador at VI
snna was privately instructed to avoid oil
dispatches, protocols, memoranda and official
rgmarole; frankly tell the Austrians what had
happened in the Herzegovina. and how the
mischief could be ut stopped. II wise
course enough, because the only event which Turkey
had to dread was that the Austrian borderers
who are n very wild set OF men, the
eastern frontier and amazingly fond Of hghtng
would volunteer In considerable numbers to
keep up the riot unless promptly put down. and
that thus II would extend TO proportions which could
not be foreseen. They had little nothing TO dread
from the frontier population of Russia, because the
Russian government has a way of its own OF putting
down nsurrectionary tendencies and never countc-
nanccs them whereas
AUSTRIAN BoRDERERs
have been in chronic state of semrebclion for the
last forty years 1t was therefore, the vigant help of
Austria which the Turks were anxious to gain, and
nsst them il the thing could have been done quietly
put unfortunately the press had got fast hold OF the
business and diplomatic complications began crop up
in every direction The Croats especially hot
upon It, raised subscriptions for tho wounded and voted
through the Agram Parliament large sum Of public
money to fomcnt the rebellion. II had, therefore,
passed out OF the secrct and CONFIDENTIAL stage when
II might have been settled by humorous conversation
between the Ambassador and Minister and IL had be-
rome what is called public question, which never
be settled at all by fair and equitable methods Indeed
The state of affairs in the Herzegovina was in that
hton which may endure for any time IL left alone, but
which falls into remarkable confusion at the slightest
Internal commotion.
survived there in full force, and traveller going
through the Herzegovina might easily fancy himself
transported back TO the time Of the Crusades. The
country was in very barbarous state, and IL is by
clear that the feudal system not the best
form OF government adapted TO its necessities. Life
held very chcapy No private person unprotected by
powerful following could have lived in safety and there
fore it was quite we'll that poor should feel them
selves under the guardianship of local chicfans, who
held in check by each other Justice of q rude,
rule Of thumb sort promptly administered without
cost and If swnehord stole the pigs of another he
had to give them back again and received beating.
New York Washington is not the question As mat
ter of fact it existed and had existed without much
complaint, for several centuries IN the Herzegovina
in Europe told. 1t is situated between Montene-
gro on the SOUTH Dalmata on the southwest Bosnia to
the cast and Turkish Croatia the north II has pop
uation OF 300 900 souls II formerly ruled by the
Counts Of Chulm, rude OF warriors, little known
TO dilgcnt students OF the Middle Ages, and at
still earlier period II formed part Of the ancient King
dom OF Croatia At the beginning OF the fourteenth
century II united to Bosnia The Emperor Frcdc-
rick Ill erected IL into independent duchy which
he conferred 1cf on the family Of Cossac II
conquered by Mahomct ii in 1466 and was dclnitively
eeded to the Turks by the Treaty of Carlowitz 1899
The Turks had one nvarable way of dealing with
such conquests. The conquered either forced to
embrace tho faith of Islam to pay heavy tribute
and suffer other Inconvenience IT. how
ever, they underwent the rite of circum-
cison cheerfuly, and conciliated thcir conquerors
by timely gifts and much submission, they found
their new masters a very easy and good natured set
The Turks found the feudal system existing in tho
Herzegovina and they left 1t there Tho lords OF tho
soil or representative all made Mohammedans
rs speedily as possible, and the Turks did trouble
themselves about the ser who, 10 naturally sup
posed in that age would adopt the faith of the lords
without parley.
Precisely the contrary event happened, because in
Ihc of time 1t Will DO generally found that the
riches part of population will be found protesting tho
faith which is most in accordance with its interests
Now the lords OF the soil in tho Herzegovina found many
advantages in being Mohammcdans but tho poorer sort
Of people had no advantage at all in changing
their religion. Indeed, their lords would not allow
them to do so, lest they should have tried to cmanci-
pate themselves from rcudal Consequently the
lords Of the soil became fanatic Mussulmans and
The scrs remained decided Chrstians that is to say,
hey all kept the terrible asts OF the Greek Church and
worshpped black man who represented in their
churches faithful portrait OF the Rcdecmcr That
was about all they knew Of religion and they titled the