Arizona citizen., 1875-11-06
San Carlos Indian Affairs.

We are indebted to GoVernor Saf
 ford, who recently visited the SaI
 Carlos Indian reservation, for state
 ment of some obSerzstions he msd'
 while there. The Indians this yea planted between two and three hun
 dred acres, and are now engsgeC digging several new ditches. Int
 Indians appear to go to work witt
 as good cheer as our most industriou:
 classes. Tho largest of the ditche'
 they arc digging, is on the south osnA
 of the Gila river. It will undoubtedly
 carry water sufficient to irrigate lOOC
 to 1900 acres. The main farming
 the present year, was done on the
 north side af the Gils. This land
 will be cultivated the coming year
 and considerable in addition. Eskim- inzin planted about forty acres this year, some ten miles up the San
 Carlos river, and his band are now
 preparing to plant at least 200 acres the coming year. Eskiminzin, when asked what he had done with his grain, replied that he had given large portion to other bands of Indians who
 had not as good opportunity as he had; that he had taken some to the Agency, for which Agent Cum had paid him the money, and be had some left.
 The Governor says he never saw an apparently happier people than the Indians on this reserve. All seem desirous to work, and the applications for labor always exceed the demand. And in all they do, they seem to be faithful and anxious to do it we'll.
 Several of the Chiefs expressed great satisfaction at the fact that the time had come when each Indian was treated ss he deserved to be. They said the time was when If bad Indian committed a crime, all had to suffer for it, but now when a crime was com mitted the guilty party was hunted up and punished, and there IS some reward for trying to do right. This condition of affairs has been brought about by Agent Cum adopting 6 system of investigating every case of wrong doing, similar to that of a civil ized court. The accused is given fair opportunity tU countersct testimony showing his guilt, and so careful does Agent Cum manage these investigs- tions that no one complains that het has done injustice. The punishment of Offenses consists generally in put ting the offender in the guard house. Several calls have been securely built which make a very good jail. The Indians are now behaving themselves so we'll that the guard house Is not much used.
 The most remarkable success Agent Cum has achieved, has been that of the manufacture of tiz-l win. an intoxicating Grink that has been made and drank among them SO far back that the memory of man runneth not to the contrary. They ,sn make this intoxicating dr1nk out of mescal, corn, or wheat. No Amer can freeman was ever more jealous of his right to get drunk than these Indians were of their right to make snd drink tiz-win; end while in c ,tate of intoxioation, like their white the worst phase of their was developed, and as is .lso the case among the more civil zed, the women were tho chief sui 'erers. While the ''lords of crea- ion" were in tais frenzied state many , poor squaw had her nose cut off for 10 otfense. or was stoned to death by ! drunken husband, and nothing .ould be done about it, because by indian law and custom the wife is ho property of the husband and he lss right to do as he pleases with Ter. Agent Clum after seeing this ondition of affairs, determined to-, ,reak it up. He kept @ vigilant watch over all the camps, and the moment the attempt was made to- 1t, the vessels containing t were upset or broken, and those who attempted to make it, were! punished, and he has succeeded in so' fFectively stopping 1t that for several months he has had no trouble with , he Indians on this score, and drunk mess has disappeared from among hem. Of the many good reforms he Ias accomplished, no other more orcibly shows his wisdom, pluck and { ,ower to carry into effect what heI eems to be right.
 CAPTAIN THOMAS CARD, of New