Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1875-12-08


/ government, Administered by the Usus
I nsthuus, c0mpstent 10 mete out justic
10 cat z=Ls ana strRT g-rs? to afford RENE
dies Tor public aud phvste wrongs, ant
sble 20 assume the reiztive int ugtioDa
! obligations, sIl capable Of perform
/ lug the corresponding iuternationsl du
{ ties resulting from is ACQUISITION Of Ia,
3 righ s. Eovert ignty and power shcuC
I exist complete Ga lie trsanizstion, reads
I IN t2Re aud aDlU 10 maintain is 4cf
smoig he nstlOrs OF the earth. Wolf,
CONSCIOUS thSg tbs instruction in Gu q
has shown strength aud endurance
which make il at least doubtful wheth.
er II lie in the pOWe' Of s. an - subdUe,
% seems uuqu I0Dsbls that no such
civil organ ton exists which may bs
recognized as an independent govern
meut, capable Of reforming Its obliga
tons aud entitled l. be Treated rs one OF
the powers OF the earth. A recognition
under such circumstance would be in
consistent ~itI facts, aud would com
pei the power that gave / TO support
by free the government 10 which ID
had really given only claim If exist.
ence. Ia nay Judgment the United
SLstas should sdi ere T. tie policy snd
principles which have heretofore been
its sure safe guard in nRe cOntes 4
between revOl ed colonies and their
mother country, and acting ONLY upon
the c'e8Test evidence should avoid any
possibility of suspicion or imputaiiyn.
A recognition Of the independence Of
Cubs being, in my opinion, impractica
lie and IuCe'sn ibie, the gu astion
which next Presents itsel! ia that Of q
FEnnuTTg6nn nj haliE NJ l., 81
parties u the contest. In a former mes
u &c 20 congress | had occasion TO con-
sidsr this question, aud reached the coll
clusioO that the conflict in Cuba, dread
fol and devss a'iDg as were it's evidents,
sid rot rise 10 the fearful d'g1ity OF war.
Regarding il now, after Inis lapse Of
tune, am uusble to see that any no.
table sue ces5 Of any marked or real ad-
vaucg on the part Of the insurgents has
eSe1ti liy changed the character Of the
c0nte.t. Il hiss acquired greater sge,
but not gre alter or more formidable lTa-
p1ItiOnf. 1t is possible that the acts of
fJr,Ign powers, and even acts OF spain
herself If this very nature, might
he pointed to in defense OF such recogoi-
ton. But, IS in its past history, the
United States shou d carefully avoid the
false Ugh "a which might lead it into the
mazes Of doubtful law and Of question:
able prOpriety, and adhere rigidly and
s,ernly t. tie rule which has cen its
guide, COirg only that which Is right
and honest and Of good report. The
question Of according or OF with.
holding the rights Of belligerency must
be Judged In every case, in view OF the
particular attending facts, unless jus.i-
1ed by necessity. 1t is always, aud
Justly, regarded as an unfriendly act and
4 grstu'tO us demonstration of moral
support ID the rebellion. 1t is necessary
AID 1t is required, when the Interests
and rights Of another government or
)f Its people are so far affected by
pc nding civil conflict So to require a
iehGiuOn of its relations to the parties |
thereto. But this conflict must be- one
which vii be recognized in the sense Of |
uternatloDal law "a belIigerency, too. |
Lt - g isct that the mere expense Of con- |
ending armed bodies, and their occs- |
'ional conflicts, do not constitute war Ia |
he seIs2 referred TO. Applying the ex- !
sung condition OF affairs in Cuba the |
esjs Tecognizs 30 by public's:s ard writers |
u lnterDa1On&I law, ana which have |
)een observed by nations If dignity. |
honesty and power, when. free from SEN |
iuve, SCI hsh or unworthy motives, / fail |
o ma In the insuTrectiOn the exist
nee OF such substantial politi-
IA organization, rel, paIpsble and
manifest TO tbS world, having
ne ioIms and capable of the oTdinsry
unctions Of government toward its own
'eopie I'D 20 other States. With the
oui - for the administration Of Justice,
ID with a local habitstion possessing
Uch an organization OF force, such ma
erisl, AMI sucn occupation OF territory
IS 10 Jake the control out OF the cstegD-
y Of mere rebElllCus instruction or
occasional skirmishes, and place 1t on
he terrible footing OF war, to which re-
.Oglition Of belligerency would aim to
Elevate II. The COL test, moreover, is
Oleiy on land. .Tae il surrection has
rot possessed itself Of g single seaport
whence it may send forth its fiAg, nor
rae it any means OF Communication
with foreign powers except through the
military lines Of its .sdver3aries. No
of any Of those sudden
md diid1ul. complications which war
lpOn the oc au is apt to pTecipitate
son the Vel sels, both commercial and
.atiOnsl, and upon the consular officers
4 other powers, Gala for the Getioi;ion
# t1eir relations TO the parties to the
ontest. Considered 90 a question Of
~ edieDcy, l regard the accord
nee of bsiligerent rights still
o be as unWise and prema-
ure as regard it to be at
resent indef5I slble as 8 measure of
ight. Such recognition entails upon
ne country, according TO the rights
which flow from it, difficult and COM
licsted duties, and requires the scion
rom the contendiDg parties Of the strict
bservaDce OF their rights and ohligs-
ions Il cOnieIs the right Of search
pom the high seas by the vessels of
Jtb parties. 1t would subject the car.
yiug of srms and munitions of war,
'hicn may now b9 Transported freely
nd without interruption in the vessels
the United States, 10 detention and
,ssjble seizure. 1t would give rise to
JuBtless VeXstiOus questions, would re-
ease the parent government from re-
for acts 6spe by the insur-
-uts, and would invest Spain with the
Eht to exercise the supervision recog-
lied b. our treaty Of 1895 over our COM
lerce on the high seas, very large !
art OF which, in it's traffic between the
.tiantic and Gulf States and the States
pom the Pacific, passes through the
'aters which wash the shores OF
ubs. The exercise of this superstition !
Juid scarce fail to lead, il not TO abuses,
sr ainiy TO collisions perilOus TO the
eSceful relations Of the two States.
here can be little doubt to what result
Jch supervision wOnld before long
raw this nation. 1t would be unworthy
the United States u insugurate the
disabilities OF such q revolt 10y measures
Questionable right or expedieDcy, or
: any iudisoTetion. Apart f:Om any
usstiOn OF theoretical right, am satis-
Cd that, while the accordance Of bel-
gaIeut rights 10 the iusuHgents In Cuba
lign- give them q hope aud induce
leut u pfotrsct the Struggle, it would
2 bu. delu=ige hope, anu would not
IN I'VE the evils which this government
I'd it, people are experiencing. but |
'ou'd draw toe United States into COM
iicsiioDs which it has waited long and
iready suffered much 20 avoid. The
s"oguitiOn of inde pendencs or OF bel
gerency being thus, in my Judgment,
iually InadmlssblP, il remains To con-
der what course shall be adopted,
could tae conflict not soon be brought
} an END by the acts of the parties
and should the evils which
ssult lhsreirUm, affecting all nations
nd particularly the United States, con-
nue.. In such sn event am OF opinion
at the other nations will be compelled |
, ag -uFaa tho raapanufhfIitrr II 81, 10 !