Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1875-09-17

| W ILMINGTONS ADVANTAGE AS A COT
TON MARKET. The Charlotte, Colum-
bia, aud Augusta r. r., the Richmond
and Dunvillc Il. r. and the Carolina
Central Railway, have agreed on the
following schedule. From Charlotte to
Wilmington. 81 80 per bale, from
Charlotte to Richmond, 81; to Nor
folk. 81. 25; to Charleston, S1.75; to
Baltimore, s.. So; to New York and
Philadelphia, $3.50; to Boston and
Providence, $500.
! These will be the standard weights,
and arc in force from and after the 9th
| iLst.-Statesviile Land Mark.
Tho English UhanueI Tunnel.
Interest in the subject of tunnel
under the English Channel is increas-
| ing both in England and Francs. Iu
England the subject came up in the
Geological Section Of the British AS
sociation on the 2Sth ultimo, when
Professor E. Herbert rend paper des-
scribing certain undulations in the chalk
formations in the north OF France, und
arc ued that similar undulations would
CDanQoE.
in which case tunnel would have to
be excavated III circuitous instead of
a rect line.
Sir John Hawkshaw gave a sketch of
what had already been done in conuec-
ton with the Channel tunnel scheme,
and stated his opinion rs to what
might be expected of 1t In the first
plac he wished to say that his expert
m"nta did not accord with the state
ments of Professor Herbert. AS far
as he had ascertain Il, there was a very
UNIFORM thickness of chalk at the depth
at which the tunnel was proposed to
be made, and it would not be Ut cessa-
ry to follow any circuitOus ro.Ite. He
went on to describe, with the assist
ancc of diagrams, what already been
done in the matter. In the first place
| knowledge had been obtained Of the
geological position Of the beds between
Dover and Margar' is bay, on the En-
glish coast. and the opposite territory
on the French coast. Then more
detailed and accurate information was
obtained by making more than 500 Dor
ings all over the line of channel i'll which
the tunnel might. be made. These Dor
| ings agreed very closely with the geo
| logical investigation of the coast, aud,
with regard to the result, h3 felt toll
erably sure that from the one side of
| the Channel to the other there existed
a thick belt Of chalk with nc outcrop
into the sand This belt, if not alto
| gether straight, was ut least tolerably
| so, and there was no need to make the
| tuhnei circuitOus one. Some thought
! thnt the tunnel would be quite close 10
! the water, but in reality 1T wonld be-
| nearly $50 feet below the bottom of
| the channel, and there was a consider
able and uhiform depth of chalk be-
low the boring. Even if there should
be some slight leakage, engineers
would know very we'll how to deal With
it. He himself had had to encounter
many title difficulties of that kind.
Sir John subsequently stated that the
! tunnel would be ventilated by two
pneumatic tubes, which would b
worked from the centre, and would
suck in the air from each end. He
expressed himself quite satisfied that
the scheme could be carried out
Same discussion followed, in the
course of which Sir john Hawkshaw's
opinion found general support, there
being only one dissentient; and it was
III .intianed that the deepost part ofthe
Channel between Dover and Calais
would not submerge more than half
of st. Paul's Cathedral, that was to
say, it was about two hundred feet
deep at the deepest part.