davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

Very few dairymen have any idea OF now
greatly the yield Of COWS may be increased
by better feed and care. We think 1t great
foliy for men, who are making only one hun
irea to one hundred and twenty-five pounds
of butter per COW, to try to increase product
by the introduction of Ayrshire or Jersey
blood. There is no common herd, selected
with the ordinary skill that every dairyman
should possess. that will Rot give one hundred
and fifty pounds of butter and upwards TO a
COW, if they are properly taken care OF. The
improved breeds and their grades are no bet
ter, if as good, than common stock, under
neglect and poor feeding. A correspondent
in an exchange, says: II have made one
thousand pounds Of good butter in season
from four COWS, and not one OF them was
registered or had a fashionable pedigree, or
was bought for price to exceed $50" and
adds: in my own experience, when | have
bought cows of stIngy feeders, they have
nearly doubled their product, and that, too,
without the aid Of warm or steamed food
Such has been the experience of not few.
A man once Dragged that he had sold us the
poorest COW in his herd. She was a small
and timid heifer, and was mastered by nearly
every other IN an ill-kept hero tnat averged
little If any over one hundred pounds to a
COW That heifer Eow makes over three hun
bred pounds year. A test Of her milk, a
Jew days ago, gave twenty five and half
ounces of butter from a days product. How
could such man tell whether he cheats an
other when he sell him q COW, or noty His
"strong holt is IN cheating himselE- Yer
1,,n,t EuryDpy
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06
Keen the Lambs Growing.

The National Lire STOCK J0uTAai give some
advice which is especially timely Ia view OF
the approach of winter, short feed and cold
weather Too many farmers, even in these
northern attitudes, allow sheep t@ run al large
roaming over the fields wherever the ground
is not too deeply covered by snoT. This is
bad for the sheep and still worse for the pas.
tures, which hungry sheep will gnaw close
to the roots, and in some cases eating the
roots which frost has thrown 0at OF the
ground. The effect Of such treatment on
lambs is much worse than on older sheep.
Every breeder of experience knows that the
ANIMALS reaching the highest types of per,
lection are those which got no back set"
during their first season. To secare their
theft during the spring months, when the
lambs are young thus not acquiring large
amount of nourshmcnt-and when the fresh
pasturage insures constant and libegal flow
of milk from the ewes, is comparatively easy
but to keep up the nutrition ia the Increased
quantities demanded by the rapidly growing
animal, when meadows and hillsides begin
to grow brown beneath the summer Solstice,
Is often found to be difficult problem Tn,
less the pasture is ample, even IN the dryest
season, il should be divided so that the flock
is n0t;allowed to range over The whole of it
at will.
AS winter approaches, get the sheep up
early, separate the lambS-not to "wean y
for tLat should have been done while Pastures
were good and feed abundant, but for the par
pose OF giving the lambs Il little extra feed
ing of grain, which should be continued or
alternate with roots during the winter.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

COMFOeEs AND LUXURIEs OF THE FARM
Where is class of farmers who live only to
grasp more acres Their farms can never be
large enough, nor can their workmen or them
selves ever doqulte enough work They can
not be satisfied with the income OF a farm
nor could they be with that of any other bus
mess But those who understand that the
highest obiec, of labor is not simply to make
money, but to provide the largest amount of
the means OF Improvement and innocent en-
joyment that tue world affords, can make the
pursuit of agriculture furnish more iuxuries
that really contribCte TO our well-being than
any other employment requiring an equal
AMOUNT of capital. Their farms are not
large enough to make slaves OF themselves
and their sons, ana their wives and their
daughters are not worn out with incessant
drudgery. Their dooryard blossoms with
flowers, their tables are supplied with many
varieties of well-grown delicious fruit, the
houses are made Cheerful! 10y the influence of
books and music and the taste for the pure
and innocent enjoyments Of life is developed
in their children. Here aBd there a farmers
house exemplifies all the contentment and
happiness To race doomei 60 labor and dis.
appointment Practical Farmer.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

The Poultry World tells of very success
full poultry-keeper whose hens lay the year
round, and attributes "a good share of his sue
cess to the free use Of milk as food. Not one
particle of meat or scraps is given: and bu,
the least tribe Of vegetable food is fed, in the
shape of Boiled potatoes, about dice week
Abundance of grain is allowed, of various
sorts, ground and unground, but never cook
ed; and plenty of unburned oyster shells,
pounded, are at all times accessible. They
have pailtul Of skinned milk every day,
so that they can help themselves to all they
want, no other drink being provided. The
value of the milk is SAID to be equal to three
cents per quart tor freding poultry.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06
FARM AND GARDEN.
Salt and Butter.

In recent letter, Mr.. l.. b. Arnold, Sccre
Larry ofthe American Dairymen's Association
discusses the influence of salt upon butter as
follows:
Modern investigation has shown that the
changes which occur IN fermentation and pu
trefaction are caused by the growth and mul
tiplication Of organic germs-cither vegeta
bic or animal, or both--lhe germs, to support
their own growth, using part OF Inc sun
stances affected. Salt preserves by counter
acting, in both cases, the incipient develop
ment of the germs which occasion 'he
changes. The whole power of salt as an an
tiseptic lies IN this fact 1t is only in the in
cipient stage that it has power to preserve
If by any means the germs in either case gel
ahttle start, salt is powerless to check them
If piece of rancid butter, ever so small, Is
placed i'm contact with postage OF sound
butter, il will soon spoil the sound butter, nc
matter how well sailed. Upon the preserva
ton of butter, salt eXerts but very little in
fluence. The keeping quality of that luxury
depends much more upon other conditions
than upon the action Of any fancied variety
of salt. Butter is subjected to change chiefly
tyy the action of germs which lodge upon its
surface from the air, which develop and null
tiply, and. filling the mass with their pres.
erce work its ruin. Exclusion from the air,
therefore, proves a more perfect preservation
Than salt. When it must be exposed to the
air, the grain of the butter, as affected by
churning and making, exert5 the most con
trolling influence upon its keeping. Butter
Is made up of minute granules OF different
kinds of fat in a state of emulsion, or, II you
please, in state of combination, with very
small amount of heterogeneous matter. Though
containing many distinct ingredients, they
are so small as to vary from l-5Oolh OF an
inch to 1.20O0th of an inch in diameter
While whole, they take care of themselves
The germs from the outside air which lodge
upon them seldom disturb them, and, failing
to gain anything to foster their growth, re,
main harmless. But when these title grains
are broken, and their perfect combination de-
stroyed, and the heterogeneous matter separated
and opened to the air, their disorganized con,
tents, like eggs with broken shells, become a
ready prey to every communicating influence
the atmosphere may watt along. The primer,
pal use of salt in butter is for seasoning, and
for this purpose it is only necessary that 1t
should be chemically purc.-B0Sto" Jo"rh"i
If TIe,Uist9r
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

1t sometimes happens from some unfore-
seen circumstances that large quantities Of
cooked meats, prepared for party which did
not come of, perhaps, remain on hand, which
are measurably lost. Such should be potted.
Cut the meat from the bone and chop fine,
and season high with salt and pepper, cloves
and cinnamon. Moisten with vinegar and
Worcestershire sauce or melted butter, &C
cordlng to the kind of meat, or to suit your
own taste. Then pack it tight in stone jar,
and cover with about a quarter of an inch OF
melted butter. 1t will keep for months, ard
always afford ready and excellent dish for
the table.-W Western Rural
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

There is an objection to the common way
way of boiling eggs which people do not un
derstand. 1t is this The white under three
minutes rapid cooking becomes tough and
indigestibIe while the yolk is left soft. When
properly cooked eggs aredone evenly through
like any other food. This result may be at
tanned by putting the eggs into dish with a
cover, as a TN pail, and then pouring upon
them boiling water, two quarts or more to a
dozen eggs, and cover and set them away
from the stove for fifteen minHtes. The heat
of the water cooks the eggs slowly and evenly
and sufficiently and to a jelly-like conssten
cy, leaving the center or yolk harder than the
white, and the egg tastes rs much richer and
nicer as fresh egg is nicer than stale egg
and no person will want to eat them boiled
after having tried this method. -RurM Neu
YORKER
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

FIRES AND WARM CLOTHING.-The gloriou:
autumn weather has come again-how de
lightful how invigorating! And yet the coo
beautiful days will carry to many door &
hearse which might be kept away Anc
why? Merely for the want of n little fire
mornings and evenings, and an increased
warmth of clothing. Do not postpone un
dergarments for yourselves, and especially
do not postpone putting them on the chill
dren. Otherwise dysentery, or typhoid tevel
that terrible disease-or illness in some
other form, may enter your dwellings and
bear off some loved inmate. Warm clothing
timely fires warm hearts; cheerfuness
health and happiness; these all belong TO-
gether in our autumn.-Er.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

CLEANING UP-The rubbish which is left
IN the fields, orchards, gardens, and around
the yards, at the close of the season, furnishes
hiding places for vast number of vermin
Eggs and larva of destructive insects chincl
bugs, and other pests find safe refuge, where
in TO pass the winter in corn husks, stalks
and stubs left upon the fields, and upon OF
beneath pieces Of bark, chips, weeds, loose
boards, and IN corners of uut-buildings. II
the rubbish Is gathered, raked up with horse
or hand rakes, and burned, and buildings
whitewashed, myrads of yermin would be
destroyed and prevented from propagating
AS soon rs the fields are cleared from crops
and work in the gardens and orchards ceases,
a general clearing up should be made, and no
quarter given to vermin of any kind or any
where.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

Why is 1t, when growing wheat or rye l.
being struck with rust. that little plo, here
and there where siumps logs or brush have
been burned to ashes, will be bright and free
from the attack of rust? Because the grow
ing plants employ potash and silica not only
to give stiffness and rigidity to The straw, but
to form, as 1t were, CLASSY coat of mail over
the surface of every leaf, CLONE and straw, to
forily the tender delicate parts against the
attacks ~ spores that are floating in the at
moSphcre. We ali know how readily sub
Stances IN the atmosphere are turned away
when they come IN contact with CLASSY sur,
face. Potash and sand are the essential Gle
ments of glass. The roots of growing plants
have the power to employ the sharpest sand
and potash to form a thin, elastic, glossy GOV.
ering, which is spread over the surface to ex'
clude moisture and to repel an attack of fun
gus.-PrdcticM Farmer.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

Very often a screw.hoe gets so worn that
the screw Will not stay in. Where glue is
handy the regular carpente- makes til hole
larger and CLUES IN a large plug, making a
NJ 81 for an entirely new hole. But this is not
always the case, and people without tools and
in an emergency often have 10 fix the thing
at once General; leather is used, but this
is so hard that it does not hold well The
best ec all things l. to cut harrow strips OF
cork and fill the hole completely; then force
the screw in This will make rs tight a job
rs if driven into an entirely new hole
imertcdA Bailder.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

1t is not so difficult matter 10 keep winter
squashes as many suppose. They should be as
carefully picked us apples, without bruise
or scratch, and handled like eggs. The stems
should never be knocked off, but preserved
with the greatest care. Instead of immedl.
ately going into wiHter quarters, they should
be placed in an opcn shed where they may
kept cool and dry and occasionally opened
to the sun. When freezing be weather ar
rives, the squashes should be placed in cool
cellar, the lighter the better, and the difficult
ties of keeping have vanished.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

CLOSED SHIRT BosoMs-The Norwich
Bulletin gives the following direc,ion:-A
Old, reliable washwoman says that the way
she has retained her customers is by exercis-
ing great care and using the following pre-
parations: Take two ounces of fine white
gum arabic powder put 1t in a pitcher, and
pour on pint or more of water and then,
having covered it, let it stand all night In
the morning pour it carefully from the dregs
into clean bottle, cork and keep it for use.
A teaspoonful of gum water stirred in pint
of starch, made IN the usual way, will give
to lawns, white or printed. look of newncss,
when nothing else can restore them. after
they have been washed.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

When y@l think of buying a harness ex
anime the leather Of the hamestrap and tho
near tuck Of the thrOatlatch and like wise OF
the crouper. if these ends are of slaZy stuff
calculated TO squash and plague you while
trying t. make them enter their loops, don't
buy The man who cut the harness did moi
have fhe interest of the purchaser IN hi:
mind. At three separate and distinct scowl,
tor each buckling the harness would be dear
As gift. And most likely faults and over
sights run through the entire rig.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

A friend sends Us a setting at eggs-fifteen
very securely packed. Each egg is wrap
ped in several distinct pieces Of paper, 7x9
size say, as stiff as the newspaper we get.
Each piece of paper is wrinkled and crumpl-
cd by the hands in wrapping, quite disguis-
ing the form of the egg and surrounding it
with sponge. So projected you NAV drop an
egg on the floor without breaking the shell.
Packed in box lined with old rags. as these
were, eggs ought 10 20 10 Ballyh il safety.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

MANURE FOR GRAPRs.-Our northern vine
yardists consider bone dust one of the very
best mineral manures" for applying to grape
vines, and it is TO be presumed it would be-
equally valuable to vines in Texas. Ashes
are also excellent, and the same may be said
of superpnosphates. and an occasional ap
nhcatioh Of lime viii usually prove be Ref
c..
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

MOTTO F>.-EsTArE OF SARAH HoPPLE DECEASED.
srator OF the Hoppe late of the county
La Sale and state OF Illinois, Deceased VIII appear before
County Court OF said county the third Monday tDe
ing 18th day OF November 1875 NJ the Court House In
ottawa In said county when and where all persons having
demands against said estate are notified To attend
and present the same In writing Tor adjustment.
Dated this 2lst day Of November 4. D lS,5
RUSSELL X. BROWN,
sep25.6w Administrator
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

Mn Al SET>'rLEMI cNT.--EsTATR OF
PATRICK CONNOLLY, DRoD.-Notice Ia hereby given 10
all persons interested In said estate That William Connolly
Of the estate OF said Patrick Connolly de
will appear before the County Court OF the county
La Sale and state OF Illinois, ut the County Court House
in Ottawa, in said county on Monday the fifteenth day
November 1875 for the purpose OF rendering An ac
vi his pi oceedngs In the administration OF said es'
u tor the nnal settlement.
Dated at Ottawa this 18th day Of October 1873
WILLIAM CONNOLLY.
ATTEST: II. A. McCALEB. Administrator.
Clerk Couaty Court, La Sale Co.. Ill, ocStw
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06

THE INTER OCEAN Gully 81 SAYS:
"J1dge atom has given work possessing ni te nest
qualities of perfect book summer travel lcOhtht
hrither too much little; II Is written III an easy
conndentjaI stye, without strain or aiiecaton AS uhe
writer sails sonU by coasts and lakes and rivers, auu nm
I'm quaint Norwegian towns he gives us mere ana tetc
lust sufficient scraps Of history to AWAKEN lhters, III t
ancient and warke but neacenI ana INDUSTRIOUS pto
He has cold touch OF masculine ntcC anu
united to graceful narrative syic ihe nuok
from beginning end reads like story ou Nv e Juuse
AZ the head of his table Carlyle ss III MS ueh AZ Cne
sea pouring over 'Sagas and ancient manuscripts; our
salwart traveller accompanied by his ladies' inges WIN
the ne ople makes friends with the Laps WATCHES saion
nshfnr Ia the pools sleeps in Norwegian peus anu uusc
In little wholesome rhetoric over their narrowiess anu
His book Is fresh rs the mountain DreeleS
while his observations full OF that kindly ana appeca
tive feeling which only come IRON anbera mhu anu
genuine heart
THE TIMES July - SAYS:
The author Of "A Summer In Norway has accomplished
what able professional writers are cabOe OF uhec
the He has given 10 the pubic vohlr Oh
travels wkich will hold Its with any OF Ike KIND h
yle which IL Is written Is concise terse ana cneefl
The Information solid and interesting ana vein ol geh
humor pervades every page Throughout u Is generously
sprinkled with harmless, amusing Incidents aeHc"ey
told"
THE TRIBUNE Gully 81 SAYS:
.udge Cation 10 veteran traveller. He man oil acute
obsery aon and from long experience as Wen ~ natural
capacity IL apt learn something more, ana To uhuersH
and find ont more than the ordinary traveller. vi
nil this he has made readable and entertaining boOka
book which apt create In the reader strong desire TO
make the same Journey In person.
Sold in Ottawa by Osnan HaP'man'
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06
zega

NIASTER'sS SALE.-Notice is hereby given,
wi That by virtue OF decree made and entered OF record
by the Circuit Court OF La sale county state a. nos NJ
the october erm Of said court D. 1870 In arrTtan cause
then peBding In said court on the chatcer lue thereo
wherein William Collins complainant aId James Col'
Inns Eliza Collins Edward Collins, Ann Barnett John Bar
rctt Michael Collins and David {. Underh, Conseryator
deceased, defendants. shall Monday the twenty.
ninth Gay OF November 1873, AT the hour OF 10 o'clock
IN the Of said day offer Tor sale NJ the south door
of The County Court House 10 Ottawa in said county ~
public auction. and will then sell the highest bidder the
following described property being the ordered by
said decree tn he sold. that Is 10 say:
The half the southeast quarter Of section thirteen In
township thirythree nor,h range ve east OF the thu
principa meridian, the county La Sale aud state oil
Misunderstanding herefrom 40 much said premises
il now owned and occupied by the Chicago Rock Island
and Pacific Railroad Company.
TERAs OF SALk-Cash. GEORGE VI. LELAND.
Dated Oct 18th. lSi5-+w Master In Chancerv
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06
Note, Letter and Bill Heads

Printed rstclass siye. a. the Fr.e Trader ONCE. west
Of Court House square bsNAN HAftNAN
THE OTTAWA BUILDING: A.
l ISOLATION ha- Money 80 Loan the
Tuesday every Principal and pay
IN monthly alweuts. For fu ther particulars cal
q. HARRIS, Secretary.
Nov. Fly
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06
Sealed Proposals.

Se.' . 1ostls ~. - received ~ the aurrr. snel ua
n, the Sih ~ NoyeUHr, for IN" delivery % tons
Coz nr s.-. ~ LsF county Asylum. said proposals
20 price Dr. tun. weighed the .tl1fy scales
.Hs-s'- frsm dirt, and accepted hy tl- W1-.irn
fh.' N1Jsc. L. " 1ACk>bN.
s.f.. Superintendent OF C1llty Asyluui.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-11-06
IF YOU WANT

To yourself have al the Patent Medicines nat
good tor anything, sad that clqini al
seases. +. ). GlIOns
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1875-10-04
The Markets.

NEW YORK, Oct. 4.-Stocks active and lower
Money 2 Gold l7b Flour firm. Wheat a
shade frmer Corn quiet and unchanged
BALTIMORE. Oct. 4.-Virgina SKIES, peelers,
40 do. consolidated G33 West Vas 8. Cotton
quiet; middling l24al3. Flour firm; Howard
street and Western Super 25aS5; do. Extra
5 25aS6 rs; do Family 6aS7 so; City Mills Su-
per 50aS5; do. Extra 50aS6 Is; do Rio
brands 6 5OsS6 rs do. Family So Is. Wheat
Western amber nOmnal other grades frmer;
No. 2 Western red l38al4O; Pennsylvania rcd
l35al40; Maryland red llO.l45 do. amber 15Os
100; do. white l20al45. Corn qlet; Southern
white 73ae0; do. yellow 72a73; Western mixed
6oi bid spot; sales 81 last half October. Oats
quiet; Southern 4Ga45; Western white 5Oa52 :;
Weatorn mixed 47s49 Rye steady at 1885,
Hay finn; Maryland and Pennsylvania tim
othy 23nS25. Provisions scarce and strong.
Butter firm and active; Western extras 80; do.
trsts 25.26. Coffee strong; buoyant and bis herr
kio cargoes l94a2l2; jobbing l9sa22s Sugs;
steady at ltsal02. Whiskey held firmly at ST. H.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct 4-Tho Cattle m ,rket
WAS dull this week, and prices were unsettled
and lower; 1900 head arrived and sold at 7a7tc
tor extra Pennsylvania and Western Steers; Ga
Gsc for fair to good do, and 4,51c per Id gross
Tor common, as to quality Sheep were rather
dull 1900 head sold at 43a6c per ID gresa as to
condltlon. hogs were without material CHI nnge;
500 head sold at l2aSl3 IS.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1875-10-04
Fires.

PlTrsBURG, Pa, Oct. 4 This morning,
shortly after - clock, fire occurred at Mans.
field, Pa, on the Pan Handle Railroad, which
destroyed O'Sheas block, and four tenement
houses. In the former building the first floor
Was occupied by Duff & Co., grocers O'Shea' 3
grocery and several empty store rooms The
upper floors were occupied as hotel and opera
house. Loss about S2O000 partially Insured.
MUscATINE, Iowa, Oct. "A fire here late
Saturday nighl, destroyed the large foundry
and machine shop of j. Klinetelder & Co.
No insurance, Baker & Co.. boiler works
were badly damaged. Insured.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. l. The glass works of
BuIztn Il Sous on Girard avenue and Palmer
street, with six small dwellings We're burned to-
day The works had been closed since May,
and only started last week. One hundred and
fifty hands are thrown Out OF employment. Loss
not aScertained, but will not be heavy.