davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28
Zone ofJPeriodic Winds without Rain.

Outside the zone of periodic winds
and rains comes a double belt, one grid
ling the world In the northern, and the
other in the southern hemisphere, the
breadth and area of which are greatly
modified by local circumstances, within
which no rain ever falls. These belts are
estimated to include altogether an area Of
5, ,000, 900 miles but it is impossible to make
any calculation that is at all precise,
because round the tracts that are en-
tirely rainless are regions in which
rain falls but rarely, which again pass
gradually into the two rainy zones,
through countries like Southern Pales-
tine and the 6angetic plain, which,
though usually rainy, are liable at in
tervals to years OF drought. These belts
of raiDless land near the tropics con-
tain some Of The most hopelessly dreary
country which the world can show. Be-
ginning with the west of the old conti-
inent, we have along the tropic Of Can
Ger in Africa the Sahara or great DESERT
on the southern border Of which the
rains cease at i16 degrees north latitude,
and begin again on the north at % de-
grees. Passing farther east, the south
ern rains cease in the countries on the
banks of the Nile between 18 degrees and
10 degrees, and the northern begin be-
tween2 II degrees and % degrees. Pass
ing into Asia, there is great rainless
tract in Arabia of which we do not
know the exact bounds, and IT reaches
through Beloochistan over into the
delta of the Indus, where it does not.
cover more than A degrees of latitude.
From this point the ralnless zone turns
to the northeast and extends to 80 de-
grees north Latitude. Crossing the great
Himalayan chain it includes the high ta-
ble-land Of Thibet, but does not appear
to reach into the Chinese Empire. In
South Africa there IL a sandy, desert,
rainless tract on the north of the Orange
river, between "a degrees and rs degrees
south latitude, and a great part in the
interior Of Australia seems to be nearly
or quite frainless. In North America
the rainless belt includes the Califor-
nian peninsula, and extends .reund the
northern end Of thesSierra Madre chain
past CHIHUAHUA and Monterey to the
shores of the Gulf OF Mexico between
laitudes, "a degrees and s26 degrees. In
South America 1t includes between lati-
tudes S28 degrees and 81 degrees the
northern province of Chilli, and, through
an extensive low tract In the interior OF
the continent belonging to the territory
of the Argentine Confederation, rain is
very sunfrequen and small in quantity.
From s"Distribution of Atmospheric
MOISTURE" in Popular Science Monthly
Tor August.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

the experimental gallery will be about
50, ,0o0,0o0, and that of the tunnel If COM
pleted, is estimated at 500OO,0O0. The
length of the tunnel proper is to be about
sixteen miles, and the approaches
seven miles each. The pro-
posed route is the same as that
followed by the cable from the east Of
Dover, south Foreland, to the west OF
Calais. The bottom OF the channel
which slopes like the sides of noun
tain, is composed OF calcareous matter
some 400 feet In thickness on the English
side, and 100 feet on the French side.;
Below this is a layer of .freest0ne which
the water permeates, SO that'the tunnel,
|.if out, will be literally between the sea
above and sheet of water beneath.
The cut will, however, be some 200 feet
below the bottom Of the channel SO that
with the arched walls no danger will be
unprecedented. From the water below,
which will beat much greater distance,
there will of course be no trouble. The
proposed experiments, If entered upon,
are to begin with the construction Of the
gallery ofapproach on one'side, carrying
it to the requisite depth at a point under
the sea, and if after q sufficient test is
made, no insurmountable objections ap-
pear, the work, will probably be .immedi-
ately begun. The cutting will be done
with powerful wiinble, which from
recent experiments can, it is said, CON-
plete the whole work in,two years time.
10 guard against accidents q movable
partition will separate the cutting space
from the place occupied by the work.
men, and should O fssufe be found, ali
will be forced into the cutting space at
such pressure as to prevent the en-
trance of the water. No fears are, how.
ever, entertained as to a fssure as, it is
believed, the whole bottom OF the chan
mel is thoroughly covered by an imper
yious ,gelatinous varnish formed o.
vegetable debris and shell fish mat
ter. The results of this great work
If successful, are at present difficult o.
lrealization. The work ofmaklng q grea1
country like England part of the main
land, with all of it's advantages in times
ofpeace, and retaining all the benefits
of seclusion in times of war, is ont
fraught with great Importance, and liza
BILE to the production OF great results
Its effects upon other countries, both il
a financial and a political point ofyiew
will not be inconsIderable, while, as {
triumph in engineering, it will. if sue
eessful, be without parallel. OF course
the present actions are not considered
final in their nature, but, in ,polut o
fact, when taken in connection with
the known condition Of affairs, may be
considered sure harbinger Of the tina
success of the enterprise.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28
Great Destruction Of Rattlesnakes in the Woods
Of Pennsylyania.

"A blind man named Henry ,0rfendoff,
a native of Wisconsin, and a man named
John Depuy, from the Western part OF
the State of Ohio, got of an Erie train at
this place, and crossing over into York
State stopped, over night at Barryville.
On the following morning they recrossed
the river into Pennsylvania, and started
for Shohola Falls, elk miles northwest,
at or near which place they had relatives
residing. Depuy is a great troutIfsher-
man, and purchasing a fishing rod and
basket, the two started on their way,
Depuy having concluded to find the Sho-
hOla creek on their way up. Leaving
Shohola they walked about mile when
they reached the creek, and Depuy COM
mencsd fishing. +
ing with good success, when the two,
coming to an open spot on the right bank
of the stream, sat down forest and lunch.
While luncAing, Depuy had his attention
directed to small ridge Of rocks on the
opposite side OF the creek, by a peculiar
rattling noise. He was satisfied that a
rattlesnake den was not far distant, and
calling his blind companions attention
to the fact, Depuy forded the stream.
Reaching the opposite.shore, he walked
a few rods sup the hill, when suddenly
his attention was drawn 70 an old dried
limb, upon which lay coiled "a huge rat
tlesnake. Halloed 10 his blind comrade
to ascertain whether he was in hearing
distance, and receiving an answer he re-
turned and assisted him ACROSS the
stream. Together the two walked to
where Depuy had seen the snake, when
Oriendoff sat down. Selling q stout
stick Depuy approached to within reach
ing distance, when he dealt the reptile
a. sudden blow, killing il instantly.
No sooner had he Killed the snake than
Orfendoff called to him, saying he felt
something strange crawl over his feet.
Depuy started to return to his comrade,
when he observed a huge rattlesnake not
not more than ten feet distant from
where the blind man sat, and another
not three feet away coiled and was ready
to spring. fDepuy struck at the fiirthest
snake, but nlissed At, the snake escaping
into the rocks. He requested Orfendof'
Ito remain perfectly quiet, while he
slowly approached to within reaching
distance and attacked the reptile. The
snake drew back its head in time to es-
cape the blow. Depuy again raised his
stick, but before he could bring IL down
the snake struck the blind man, burying
its fangs deep into the .feshy part OF his
right leg, Just below the knee. AS the
snake was about to strike the second
time. Depuy struck it a blow which
killed it. He then examined his COM
| panion.
The blood was oozing from the wound,
and the limb began to swell rapidly.
| Having heard that.fresh dirt immediately
lapplied to snake bite was an almost
| certain cure, he secured some and after
| repeated applications OF this antidote
the swelling began to disappear, and in
about two hours the leg was reduced al
most to it's natural size, and the untor.
ltunate man was able to slowly resume
his journey. They took a adiffere MT course,
and met with no further mishsp until
taeY rare about 70 ASCEND ANAL Ledge
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

PEOPLE are willing to- admit that one
President has not written a letter to
Secretary Delano, requesting himto re-
sign, and that there is no probability 'ot
his. going out. Now let him alone. The
Secretary has asserted that he will not
step down whilethe newspapersare dis
cussing him. His private business Is
suffering, and he pants for the shade OF
his own vine and fig tree. Can't the pa
pers do him and the country the service
OF keeping quiet just long enough foi
him to oretIreiu good order?
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

The Cotton Congress at White Sui
,phur Springs, Va, among the other
sensible suggestions, urged upon the
people Of the South the propriety of rails
ingsmore of the crops needed for home
consumption, rather than a concentra-
tion of attention upon cotton. This ad-
vice, while if followed is liable to cause
a less production of cotton in the South,
is OF great practical value to the South
'ern tarmer,, and is we'll worthy the atten-
tion of cotton raisers. Heretofore the
custom has been to raise but the one
product, aud depend on the North for all
others. The result has been that the
planter Of the South Is not, like the
. farmer of the North, comparatively in
dependent and with sufficient food OF
home raising for home but
I. is obliged to purchase from abroad at
time when the income from the cotton
crop has been disposed of. The effect
lis constant tendency to establish a
credit system by which the forthcoming
cotton cropis mortgaged to the provi
sion dealer and he is allowed to scoop it
in when ready at nearly his own figures,
having already paid tor it at @credit
prices" for what he furnishes, which are
of course enormously high. The plan
has become almost universal and is
q serious drawback to the cotton
raisers. The proposition to abolish
it by raising the principal products
needed for consumption is an excellent
one, and is beginning to be well under
stood in the South. The reports to the
Agricultural Bureau show that should
the weather be encouraging the South
will, for the first time in twenty-five
years, this season produce sufficient
breadstuffs for her consumption. 1t is
believed by some that smaller amount
of cotton grown would proauce a greater
demand and higher prices, and would
thus prove equally as remunerative with
less labor. Be this as it may, the result
of the production of the needed supply
of food by the South will be a great bene-
fit to the country and will prove a death
blow to the credit system which has been
the most serious check to her prosperity
In past years.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28
WEEP NOT.

Who'd weep that a blasted rosebud
Refused its leaves to unfoldP
Who'd weep that shining sunbeam
Would not linger fore'er with itsgoldf
Who'd sigh that a glittering dewdrop
Exhaleu before the noon,
Or weep that frail harp-string broke
Before it breathed tuner
When God calls an angel home,
Who'd weep for the little one,.
Since she's freed fore'er from toll and care,
Since the task of life is idonep
Our Father knows what's best for us,
Though our human hearts can not see;
He takes them home to draw us nigh,
For our hearts with our treasures must be
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

THE proposed tunnel under the British
Channel seems from the attention now
being given it by the French and Brit
ash Governments to be likely to become
q reality. At least there now remains
little doubt that thorough and prac-
. tical investigation of the feasibility Of
the scheme will be soon instituted, and
with the science and means oftwo great
countries TO back 1t, the probabilities
are strong in it's favor. The British
1Parliament has already adopted meas
ures favoring thorough preliminary ex-
animation and large subscriptions have
already been made to carry on the work
ldf found practicable. The French As
sembly has in turn promised action on
the proposition in a5short time and with
30 much of a recognition from these too
,simportant bodies, the ,scheme has at
'ieastsa much stronger. probability OF sue
T, cess than heretofore. The large majority Of
I scientific authorities expressing an opin-
lion ON the subject favor the scheme, as
highly practicable and only dependent
upon proper engineering and sufficient
financial support. OF the latter there
need beno lack when the great impor.
tance Of the movement is rightly consid.
erred; and of the former, with not only
the two great COMMITTEES themselves, bu
the whole world to draw from, there will
certainly be competent supply. o
those supporting the plan by liberal sub
secriptions there are railroad companies
teapitalists and bankers on both sides tn
GnanneI, and with the co4operationofth'
awo governments the preliminary worl
en- probably ap0a bsgin The e"ss Q
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

THERE is again serious trouble for the
English operatives. Besides the lock-
out in Oldham, fifty mills were yester-
day closed in Ashton, and eight thou
sand persons thrown out OF employ
ment at that place alone.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

Pliny wrote: "There Is nothing certain
but uncertainty;" and | repeat alter
them--what lowe knowT Ed
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

Mr.. .sBeecher has engaged to take va
cation In August. He Will visit the
Twin Mountains.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

THE STAR FOR THE SUMNER. =.
THE DAILY STAR will be mailed to
persons who may be absent from the
city during the summer at the rate Oh
.hfty cents per month.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

BALTIMORE AND OHIO, VIA AFAKKEKsBUKG.
Depot, Pearl and Plum. Time, minutes fast.
Baltimore lex SUM. 8;35AM. 5:35A.M. s:40A.M.
Baltimore, daily .... 6:30P.M. 230P. M. 6:00P. M.
Baltimore Ex daily. .ll:iOP.M. 6;ooP.M. 10:a6P.M.
BALTIMORE AND OHIO, WA COLUMBUS.
Depot, Klgour and Front. Time, 7minutes fast.
Baltimore Elk daily. :i5A.M. 5:l5A,SI. 8:i0A,M.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28
THE LANDSCAPE STUDY
RAILROAD TIMETABLE.
ATLANTIC AND GREAT wEsrERN.

Depot, Fifth and Hoadly. Time, 2 minutes fast.
Depart Arrive, Arrive,
Chit. Cin't.. Dest'oI.
New York Ex daily. 9:40A.M. 5k30A.M. q 2op.M.
New York Exdaily.. 9;50P.M. 5iOop-M. s6;5oA.M.
LOUISVILLE AND CINCINNATI sHoRr-DINE.
Depot, Front, and Kilgour. Time, minutes slow.
Louisville Eek daily .55A.M. 6.40P.M. 10 :20AsM.
Louisville {ex Sun) :. ;OOP!M l2:l5P ,M 7:iSP.M.
Louisville daily. =. 7:00P.M ;l5A.M. IL ;S0P m.
The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-28

DAYTON sHoRT-LINE AND COLUMBUS.
Depot. Pearl and Plum. Time, Z minutes fast.
Columbus e ....,,, 5.e0A:M. s:DP.M. ll:HAlM.
Columbus Ac....... '3:45P.NI. 9:30P.M. l0:l0n.M.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1875-03-18
OLD-FISHIONED WINTERS.

The New Haven Palladium has been
searching history for colder winter than
the present, and selects 1741 as a speci-
men. In That year the snow, which COW
cred the whole country as early as the
18th of November, was still found the
the next April covering the fences. In
January, tent was maintained on
Charles river, Boston, for the entertain
merit of travellers. From Feb. %,
George Washington's ninth birthday,
until March 6, the people crossed the
sound on the ice every day from STRAIT
ford, Conn, to Long Island, distance
of three leagues. Even as far east as
New London tie ice extended into the
town, and Fishers Island was united
to the main land By solid bed. On
March %, the Boston Nctus Letter re-
ports that the people living on Thomp-
sons Island had crossed over to Dor
teen preceding Sundays. As late as the
9th of July, letter from New London,
Conn, reports ON the east side of the
Connecticut river body of ice, as large
as two carts can draw, clear and solid,
and adds very artlessly that it might
lie there a month longer, were it not that
so many resort out of curiosity to drink
punch made out of it." On the 18th OF
July snow was still lying in mass in the
town of Ipswich, Mass, nearly four feet
thick. But the most marvellous record
of that season is the statement made by
Alonzo Lewis, author of the annals OF
Lynn, Mass, that Francis Lewis, the
s;gner of the Declaration of Independ
ence, drove his horse from New York to
Barnstable, the whole length of Long
Island sound, on the ice."
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1875-03-18
WORK 4 BLESSING.

Constant labor is wearying and spirit
crushing, to be sure yet better that
than idleness-begotten vice. If proof
were needed of the beneficial results of
labor, we should find it in the life of
different nations. In the tropical coun-
tries, where nature scatters her bounties
with unsparing hand, where clothing and
shelter are almost unnecessary, and
where fruits hang, as in the Garden Of
Eden, from every tree-here, in these
favored lands, we find the people igno-
rant, uncivilized, degraded. Indeed, the
date palm has been called the curse Of
the countries in which it thrives, mas
much as it supplies food without money
aud without price. Take away from a
rice the necessity of supplying their own
food and of providing for their future
needs, and you take away all progress,
all desire for knowledge. all aspiration
for higher and better things.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1875-03-18
THE AIR IN OUR GARMENTS.

Is there much air in the clothing we
wear! DIR. Max Won Pettenkofer states
that of equal surfaces of the following
materials he finds them permeated by
various quantities of air (the most porous,
flannel, such as is used ordinarily for
clothing, being taken at 100, thus:
" Flannel, 100; linen of medium fine
ness, So; silk, 40; buckskin, So tanned
leather, /; chamois leather, 81" Hence,
if the warmth of cloth depends upon the
degree in which it keeps out the air
from our bodies, glove kid must be 100
times warmer than flannel, which is well
known not to be the fact. The great
question is that of ventilation. If several
layers of the same material be placed to-
gether, and the air be allowed to perme-
ate through them, the ventilation through
the second layer is not much less than
through the first, since the meshes of
two form continuous system of tubes
of uniform diameter, and the rapidity of
the movement of the air through these
is affected merely by the resulting fric-
ton. Through our clothing, then, passes
stream of air, the amount which, as in
ventilation, depends upon the size of the
meshes, upon the difference of tempera-
ture between the external and internal
atmosphere, and upon the velocity of
the surrounding air-clothing, then, be-
ing required not to prevent the admis-
sion of air, but to regulate it so that the
nervous system shall be sensible of no
movement in the air.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1875-03-18
TIE POLITE BORE.

The polite bore is not the person you
can get rid of easily, and yet he or she
Is the one you are most anxious to see
depart. The polite bore comes to you
at your most important moment, inter-
rupts your most important labors. You
tell him that you are busy he smiles
blandly, and says he viii not keep you
long. Minutes lengthen into portions of
hours, and hours are completed and
multiplied F.; your polite bore sits immov-
able, still smiling and saying he is on
the point of going. You take him at his
word, and rise for the leave-taking. He
rises too, and begins another chapter,
of his interminable discourse. He keeps
you standing till you are sick and giddy,
when you are forced to sit down again
on which he sits down with you, and
your deliverance is as far off as ever.
The dinner-bell sounds, and he pricks
up his ears. He has been with you since
before lunch time, and means to stay till
you feed him. You had been inhospitable
because wary, and had let the midday
meal pass unnoticed, without an invita-
ton to your welcome guest or refresh
ment for yourself. Now you are brought
up standing. You cannot ignore your
dinner, and your polite bore does not
mean to let you ignore it. You are
forced by the law of hospitality and gen.
tlehood to say, evil you join us!"
And you might as well do the thing with
good grace; for if you did not ask him
he will ask himself and thus you Will
lose all the value to your soul which
comes from virtue, and have none of the
relief to your body which is sometimes
wrought out by vice. And whenit comes
to dinner, and your bore still not dis
lodged, you may fold your hands in re-
signation, and look only to the small
hours for your release.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1875-03-18

Among the things which make our
flesh creep and our heart fail when they
come too near are octopods- things, too,
which make rs wonder why they were
created at all, or, being there, why they
may not be anihilated. Yet octopods are
not sharks-they will not devour one at a
sitting nor are they bears to strangle all
the life out of one in few moments.
They have no poison like snakes, they
have no beaks or talons like kites and
HAWKS. They do not tear one with lions
claws, nor devour one with tigers fangs !;
nevertheless, though not deadly, they are
odious, and even watching them with a
stout plate-glass sheet between us and
them is sufficiently trying to ones nerves.
There is nothing about them that is not
revolving. See them SPRAYING against
the glass, all their myriad suckers In
view, each sucker an insignificant hold
enough by itself, but all at work together
understandable and sickening see them
with that queer kind of process, like a
hollow drum, opening and shutting and
protruding and retreating, as the best
way in which they can manage such a
simple thing as breathing /; or see them
when they gather themselves into a
feathered ball and spring forward on
their object, which then they inclose in
their horrid arms and stick to with their
countless suckers see them in action,
see them at rest, and they are always
hideous and horrid things to avoid and
things to beware of. But we have other
octopods than these human, two-footed,
two-armed octopods people who make
life terrible to us, and for the sake of whom
we live always with the sense of coming
horror and girded loins ready for fight /;
people who. pounce, people who cling,
with whom the slightest contact is instant
adhesion, and who, when they once stick,
do not loose their hold. Idle are they,
and without central purpose or whole
some occupation. Their time is their
fardel, not their treasure, and they seek
to shift it on to the shoulders of others
who have less of it than themselves. 1t
makes no matter how busy you may be,
how small the space of time granted you
in which to transact large amount of
work (; the octopod makes his spring and
captures you, and, unless you are swift
and can eyade him, he Will have you in
his clutches-when good-by to work and
the fulfllment of duties (; the enemy is
upon you and you are his prisoner and
his captive. TIC busy man the octopod's
acquaintance may rank as so much loss
of income. When he becomes on visit
ing terms with one he may write him in
his day-book as costing him SO much
like illness, fires, or robbery. In fact,
he is robber, stealing that which is life
and fortune to ilis victim, but which does
! him no sort of good.