Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1875-09-02
TENNESSEE.
Memoir of the Delegates of the state of
Tennessee 20 the Geographical
Congress and Sydnicate
of Trades.
Generous but Fair and Truthful
Statement of the Unsurpassed Re-
sources of Tennessee and
Trade Of Memphis.


BY the kindness OF Mr.. Bronson Bayless "
are enabled 10 lay the following excellent an
4 very full epitOme Of our resources before ou
readers: -
The State of Tennessee lies betweel
! latitude - and 80 3H north, and I0ngltud
| N x, and % 2S' west lrom Greenwich, and
situated so miles from the Gulf OF Mexico
and is one OF the southern states.
| The principal cities oi the state are: Mem
! ph,s with GOiOO Inhabitants; Nashville, wit
| 5000: Knoxville, with 10000; Chattanooga
with SJOO. Nashville is tie capital of tn
state. these cities are in fiouIishing con
dition; their commerce, especially that O
Memphis Nashville and RnoXvt ie, - IN
creasfng every year; Chattanooga is in
mining district particularly remarkable b,
iiS iils.a IA a-s-4stit1le teds OF coal and iron.
It's length Is 432 miles and width lUS miles
the entire area is about 500 square miles, o
| 2G,SODOOO acres On It's borders It torche
eight states, and is little south OF the cente
Of the Union. II is unsurpassed by any o
the United States in the number and excel
lence of its navigable rivers, the beautiful
Cum Derland and Tennessee passing almOS
through its entire length and breadth.
On lIs eastern borders rise the Appalachian
mountains, the loitiest peaks of which affair
an elevation of 5000 feet above the sea.
These mountains form one of the natura
divisions are, East Tennessee, MIDDLE, anC
West Tennessee. The former mountainous
soil fertile, specially adapted to the prod nc
ton of corn, hay, wheat, oats, and stock
raising, and the grape; aOound1ng in miner
ais, such as non, coal, marble, Limestone
sandstone, granite, copper, slate, dyestone
etc, etc. the three first apparently inexhaust
ible: and unsurpassed water power for al
manu- featuring purposes.
The fertile valleys of this portion o: the
State are sgricultuIally the most important
in it.
The middle division OF the State is exceed
ingly fertile, in high state OF cultivation
containing almost the same minerals founC
IN the eastern portion, marble beng the maiI
exception. we will remark that IN re art
seven varieties of marble in the State).
Its products are corn, wheat, oats, hay, 10
bacc0, cotton, besides all the garden vegeta
bles known in any country. The middle dl
vision is termed the Garden of Tennessee"
The raising OF fine stock, such as horses, cat
tie, sheep, swine, mules, is made a specially
in this division, which, like the eastern por
ton, possesses fine water power.
The western division differs materially
from lhe other sections IN soil and scenery, a.
well as the topography of the country. BuI
few rocks found IN this division. II is plain
eloping gradually toward the Mississippi
river, and gently undulating. The sol il
light, sandy and silicious, containing the ele
men of abounding fertility capable of Sus
tanning n dense population.
The aluvial land found in the MISSISSIPPI
bottom produces enormous crops OF cotton
and com, one bale OF cotton per acre and fifty
to seventy-fve bushels of corn, year aftel
J ear, without apparent exhaustion.
Cotton, tobacco, wheat, corn, oats, Irish anC
sweet potatoes, are the main products, beside!
garden vegetables of almost every description
II is in this division of the State that Mem
phis the commercial metropolis is situated
on the eastern bank of the Mississippi river.
The annual product of iron in The State 1.
about 50 900 tons, and OF coal 10 O0O,O bush els
The iron ore, coal and limestone beds lie to
gether. The annual production of copper is
about 100000 pounds. Marble works are in
extensive operation.
The cotton crop amounts to 100000 bales and
tobacco about 20,0o00OO pounds annually. The
value of the cotton crop is about Sl3,OsOD:
The grain crop amounts to 70rOGOOOO bushels
annually. In all portions OF the state are
numerous mineral springs, principally sui
phur and chalybeate, which are much resort.
ed to on account of their health-givlng proper
ties
The dairy products are S3OOO,OOO annually
The grape crop averages $500 pounds per acre
a little over so per cent. on cost of production
and is yet in its infancy. Honey averages 23(
pounds for ca hive, and, owing to the great
variety of flowers and leaves fIOm which the
bees extract the honey dew, this is considered
one OF the best states in the Union for the
cultivation of honey.
Capital invested in manufactures, $4,000, 900
value of products, S3l,O,OOOO; net, SlOOOO,OOO
or about go per cent. exclusive OF salarle;
paid.
There are llS,OG0 farms in the State; 270,O0C
people are engaged In agriculture, 5i,O0O in
professional services, 1900 IN trade and trans
pOrtation, 10000 in mechanical, manufactur-
Ing and mining industries. Population
white, $50 0CU; cOiOred, $4,000; average value
of assessed lands s. per acre. The largest
number of farms in any county In the State
are in shelby county, West Tennessee, say
400, and is the county in which Memphis is
situated.
lands, the timber of which is valuable for
farming and manufacturing purposes. Water
abundant and of the most healthy character
OF course there are some untillable lands IN
the State, especially in the bald mountains
III East Tennessee; only One-fourth of the
ground in the state s in cultivation, for the
want Of labor.
There is a variety OF timber, and in great
abundance, consisting OF different species OF
oak, hickory, ash, walnut, maple, poplar, red
cedar, cottonwood, gum, linden, sycamore
beech, mulberry, blackberry, cypress, cherry,
dogwCod, chestnut, locust, saSsafras, birch
pecan, etc, besides many varieties not
named.
There are in active operation 1850 miles OF
railways, which aIe added TO annually, be
sides many projected roads, now Cetng built
Hogs fatten in the woods, on the fruit of the
oak, hickory, walnut, beech, pecan and pei.
simmon trees, and cattle grow fat on the
spring, summer aud autuml grasses, and on
cane in The winter, especially IN the MlSSls-
sippi bottoms.
fruits consists of apples, peaches, pears
apricols, cherries, plumS wild and dOInestica-
ted) nectarines, IaSpberries, gooseberriesl
Strawberries, currants, figs, grapes wild and
cultivated), and in addition, the cantaloupe
musk and waUermelons.
Wild animals ABOUND in the State. The
deer, fox, rabbit, raccoOD, OpJSsum, squirrels,
OtleIs, beaVer-IninR, and III the western pO!.
tiOn are occasionally seen the bear, wolf and
wildcat.
The wild fowls consist of the turkey, duck
goose and swan; and in all parts of the State
ia great abundance: birds, the pheasant
partridge, plover, snipe, woodcock, rice-birds
robins, lark, besides other varieties almost in
numerable of beautiful pIumage, including
the soneste1s, thrush, mockIng- bird and whip
pOOTwilI.
The domestic fowls consist of the turkey
goose, ducks of different species, as well as
chickens of many varieties, guinea and pea
fowls.
Fish of many kinds and of the finest flavor
are found in all the lakes and streams in the
State.
The isothermalS OF this State strike the At.
lantlc ocean near Wilmington, North Caro-
Ina, crossing. pass through the northern part
OF Spain, touch the south of France, traverse
the wine-grOwing country OF Italy; thence
Greece, smyrna, crossing the Caspian sea
near its southern extremity, through the tea
districts OF China, the spice island of Japan,
re-entering the United States near San Fran
cisco, on the eastern shore OF the Pacific
o can, in California.
Although fruits such as the orange, lemon
and olive do not mature in our climate, yet
those plants thBt require a high degree OF
heat far surpaSs the climate of the same iso-
tBermals in Europe.
The annual rainfall in Turin, Italy, is 80
inches, and here, a. inches.
Tennessee has a double cltmate-One the re-
suit of latitude, the other from elevation, so
interviewer and modified by position, eX-
posuTe, mountain ranges, etc, that the char
acteristics of every State in the Union may be
found in ii, extending from the State south
TO the Canadas.
The eastern and middle divisions of the
State are free from mlasmatiC or atmospheric
influences, while the western portion, border
ing on the Mississippi river, is more or less
subject to them; but as the country is brought
INTO cultivation they disappear.
The growing seasons are as follows: East
Tennessee, l76 days; Middle Tennessee, lS9
days, and the western division, 2O3 days.
The south and southwest winds that prevail
during the warm months bring sufficient rain
and moisture from the Gulf of Mexico TO
water and inVig Jrate vegetation.
The annual production OF Irish potatoes is
] 100000 bushels, and of sweet potatoes the
same; hay ana grasses, 100000 tons; peanuts,
6S0,0CO bushels.
Value OF live stock, S55,OOO.OOO. The product
of hogs is lOOOOO,000 pounds annually.
Hemp, brOOm-cCrn, flag ana sorghum flour
ish. Vegetables, suc1 as peas, beans, onions,
lettuce, cabbage, tuInips, radishes, satisfy,
beets, OkTa, eggplant, asparagus, and many
others, are fOunI I'm the garden.
The population Of Tennessee is only 30 in
habitants TO the square mile, whilst in Eng
land ii is 800 Will you please observe tue
contrast?
biemphis, the commercial metropolis of the
state, sells annually from 10000 to 10000
bales Of cotton, the value of which in 1874 Was
S3i, 600 800, and The whole trade of the city for
the same year was S7S,OOO,0JO, uneQualed by
any city in the United States OF no larger
population.
The country that trades with Memphis pro-
duces $4,000 bales of cotton annually, the
larger portion of which, II not the entire
amount, we might control had We the capital
but st present our banking capital is
only S2,OOOUO0l This city, owing to its
advantages, receives cotton
from seven different States, and is the largest
inland cotton market in the world, destined
to increase, on account of its natural positio
England, Germany, France, Spain, Switzer.
land and Russia buy cotton in our market;
the two former countries, being large buyers
and they, as well as our own cotton mapuIac
turers, can testify To the superior working Of
the staple.
Memphis is surrounded with as rich land as
there Is on this continent, and is on the great
highway between the Atlantic and Pacific
oceans. our State government is one of peace
aHd harmony, affOrding ample protection to
all Its citizens. Schools, public and private,
abound throughout the state, and much at
tention is given 10 education. Churches of
hamlet and village, where people worship