davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

PosTMAsTER-GENERAL JEWELL is cutting
down expenses and stopping leaks in his de-
partment with an energy that is admirable
II is arraying against him the burrowing
opposition Of the ofice-brokers and place
seekers But that is far better testimonial
to official fqithfulness than the present of a
house and lot from party-leaders and admir-
ing contractors would be. The people will
appreciate his work If the spoilsmen do not.
Retrenchment is the word for the hour.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

An OH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS years
ago the Astor House, was the hotel of the coun-
try, and its location was in the heart Of the
business Of the metropolis. 1t was, too, the
center ofpolitical intrigue, and the headluar-
ters of the most distinguished men of the old
democratic and wing parties Webster,
Clay and Calhoun, each had special apart
ments in the hotel, which they always occu-
pied when in the city. Mr.. Webster's
rooms, Mr.. Clay's rooms, Mr.. Calhoun's
rooms" were almost as well known as Trim
ity church. A great point in the sale of the
furniture is now being made by the DISPOSE
ton Of the articles which these great men
used. Mr.. Webster's arm chair was sold on
Monday to Hugh lIastings, Of the Commercial
for $3.50, and other articles associated with
the names of these departed statesmen
brought equally eXtrayagant prices.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

CtTnoLIc S. rIsrIcs.-The Catholic d.
rect for ls7- that there are in this
country ps, ffty-three bish-
ops, '7r thousand eight hu.drcd and seven
~ ,fic,ts, six thou-a nine hundred
and twenty churches, chape and stations
Of which four thousand eight hundred are
churches, eighteen theological seminaries
and one thousand three hundred and seven
ty-fve studying for the priesthood; sixty
eight colleges, five thousand one hundred
and fourteen academies, one hundred and
forty-four parish schools, two hundred and
fifteen asylums, homes, refugees, eightyseven
hospitals, and a Catholic population (exelu-
sive of Baltimore, Charlestown, Erie and
Brooklyn, for which no estimates are giyen)
of five million seven hundred and sNty-one
thousand two hundred and twenty-four
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

TuE NEW SENATe-Twenty-fye senators
come to the end of their terms on March
ith. Twenty-Five Of these places have been
filed already, and Of these all but four
are new men. The four spared arr
lIamlin, OF Maine; Bayard OF Delaware;
Edmunds Of Vermont, and Thurman, Of
Ohio. The Springfield Republican says "Of
course, nothing can make good the loss of
such men as Charles Sumner and Carl
Schurz. Setting these irreparable losses
aside, we think there is warrant for behey-
ing that the new Senate will be an improve
ment on the present one, both as respects
brains and as respects character That it
will be a more conservative, safer body, is
conceded on all hands"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

TnE telegraph tells US that the Beecher
trial is attended by many ladies', aud that
clergymen are especially pressing for tickets
OF admission. These reports are creditable
neither to the women nor the clergy
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

THt New FLoiuDA SENAroR.-'rhe new
United STATES Senator from Florida, Jones,
is an Irshman. lie came to this country
when boy, and has always lived in the
South, making his home at Pensacola. He
is self-made man, and has attained high
position as oneoi the abest lawyers in the
state lie is'described as a moderate demo
crat, and Is said to be distasteful, on account
Of his political views, to the extreme wings
OF both parties, a fact decidedly in his favor
He ran for Congress once before for the
House in 1872, when he was defeated by
William j. Purnan, present member. Like
the other Jones, from Nevada he is declared
to be " safe ndhoncst.' Only two senators
now remain to be CLOSER from West Yir-
ginia and Minnesota.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

The EMMA MlNE.-Prof. Benjamin Sill
man. Of Yale College, whose name has been
used in the suit brought by the subse-
quent English purchasers Of the stock in
the Emma mine, publishes the following
card addressed to the editor Of the New
York Tribune -" Sir The publication Of
the complaint Of the Emma Mining Com
pany against Trenor w. Park and others, in
your issue of February 4th, affords me an
opportunity of which | avail myself to say
that every charge contained in that com
plaipti or emanating from any other source,
imputing to me fraud, completely, or other
improper act, either in connection with the
examination Of the Linma mine, with its
sale, or with the owners thereof, or any Of
them, is false and untrue in every particular.
| earnestly hope that the action now begun
will be pressed to q speedy trial, and that a
thorough and exhaustive judicial inyestiga-
ton may be had of all these charges. So
far as am concerned ! am prepared, when
ever and wherever such an investigation is
had; to meet and answer these charges fully
fearlessly, and, am confident, satisfactorily
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

GENERAL EATON, United States Commits
sioner Of Education, estimates that there are
ten millions two hundred and eighty eight
thousand children between the ages Of In
and sixteen In our thirty-seyen states and
eleven territories.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

The Missouri Legislature is now consider
ing bill to abolish the free school system
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

In the Senate, Mr.. Anthony OF Rhode Island,
was elected president pro TEN. MIR Edmunds'
from the judiciary committee, reported, without
amendments, the civil rights bill which recently
passed the House, and gave notice that he would
call Il up 1T the earliest possible moment which
would be in day or two. pinchback's case was
then discussed
In the House, the death Of Mr. Hooper Of Mas
saehusetts, was announced, after which II adj
iourned.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-02-17

In the Senate, the House bin guaranteeing the
District 3Gj bonds was passed The steamboat
bin was rccommiued a bin granting site Tor
the Peabody school at S. Augustine, Florida was
passed The bil pro'iding for the government Of
the District Of Columbia was considered at length
In the lIouse the new tann bin was reported
The post-oihce appropriation bin WAS considered
At length The bin appropriatcs 81 IA, a6i An
amendment repeating the Law of 1872 for extra
subsidy to the Pacific Mail Company, and annu-
ling the contract made under il, was agreed To
without discussion
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
NEW GOODS.

= uhD and Silver Watches, (thc very
- -, best time kcepcrs) Solid Cold CbainsS
~" noli Ilated Chains, Rings and Sivcr Ruh
Gna'ns, which | guarantee. Also. Rrooa, o
rms Collar and Shirt Buttons Of MI G"s I"a'
ca'p'ions; caI p y set Of beautiful Clocks. y bo
u"n oeat ihcm Repairing done in y
%orH'n'n-llke ,"nG manner, Satisfaction guaran "
dec 10 AN hIIE1l,
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
HAVE YOU TRIED
j u @ " D Eaa Ks "A,
ARE YOU
Weak. Nervous or NcbiIitotol2

Are You so anguid that any cxcr,;on
= cures morc Of an effort than you ferI
capable O. making ~" ''e'
Then Ay JUHUHEBA, the wo,d.r,,,
tonic and invigora'or, which ao,s So hon"
hc'ally on Inc sccrct,vc organs rs TO i'm
part vlHor to all the vital forces ''"
1t IL no alcoholic spncIizor ,rL;o,
stimulates for short timc. onjv 70 H., ,In
s"hcrcr i"ll toa lower depth of m,sor,,
o"t II - vegetable tonic acting dirrc,in
on the liver and spleen.
II regulates the Bowels, o,;.,, u,o
nerves, and gives such u hcalthv ,omo
to the whole system as to soon mako 'I,'o Ino
Invalid ieel likoa new person. Wv
us opel atoms Is not violent. bpt &c
characterized by great gcnllencss "' ,ho 10
Pa'ieht experiences nc sudden changc M
""fkca ,, results, but gradually his troubles
"Fold their tents, like tho A1abs ''''
,, AND silently steal AWAY"
This is no new and untricd disooro
ou' mas been long used with wonderful
t:niealai results, ahi is pronounced by the
highest medical authorities, .tLo mns, tst
p0werlu' onic and Alternative k..own,o
ASK yoIr druggist for it.
\, or sale by WM, +, KIDDER & CO.
New York. w"
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
Official Directory OF Fairfield
County. 30 ~

sEaAToR-Moscs Martini -.
nHrREssaTArlvEs- Thopmpson
John Gibson, Joel Copes. -. u. .|'"
l.. W. gDavall9-Sheriff.g. g.25 ~, = d,
5aml. B. Clownoy-Clcrk of the Court:
J.. J. Ncil--Judge of Probate. :.
w. Is. Peako-Coanty Auditor.
w. NJ. Nelson-County Treasurer.
W. J. Crawford-School Commissioners,
II. +. Martin-Jury Commi ssi oncr.
COUNTY coMNIssIoNERs-Jas r. Harvey,
Aenry Jacob, Carter Bcaty.
H:,N Obcar--U. S. Commissioner.
NorARIEs ruDLlo-M. G. Robertson, j..
Q, Davis, II. N. Obear. ''. MAX :"
TRIAL JusTtCEs--A. NJ. Maokey, W. Il
Marshall, IL. II. Flanagan, Silas ". Ruff.
-: B. kirkland, James Carter, Thomas
Walker, DR.. Ira s. Scott.
Il. II. Robertson.
"INasBoRo NATIONAL BANK or SOUTH
CAROLINA. AUTHORIZED CAPITAL 5000, 900
PA1o'up $4,000. ''s."..'s.--,
w. r. Robertson, President. d.. -
Geo: j.. McMaster, Vice. President
Saml. u. Clowney, Cashier.
NJ. Z. Robertson. Toller. s.
DlnECrons.
W. II. Robertson, II. L. Elliott, James
Dcaty, George II. McAlaster, d. II. Flou.
niken. jus. Is. McCanta. jas. II. Rion, Jas.
A. Brioe, A. s. Douglass, Col. william
ohnston, Of Chsrlottc, N. G.
TOWN orrIcEns.
Piorro Bacot-Intendant.
wARDENs-F. Gcrig, J. A. Fraser, w.
NJ. Nelson, j. D. McCarley.
CHIEF OF roLIoE-T. J. II. Murphy.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
Tnking Down q Peg.

According to Rapin, tho Saxons
werc addicted to drink, aud used
such immense cups. that King Edgar,
to check this evil habit, ordered Ger
tain marks to be made in their cups,
Mt q given height, above which they
wero forbidden to fill, under q severe
ponalty. These were called peg tan
kards, and n peg tankard is nowadays
n great treasure. ~ peg tankard
had on tho inside row of eight pogs,
one above another from top to bot
tom. 1t was a noble piece of plate
and ordinarily held two quarts, 81
that there was gill of alo between
each peg. The law was that every
person who drank was to open tho
space between pin and pin, so that
the pins were SO many measures to
to make tho company all drink alike.
"This," says an authority, "was
contrivunco for mcrriment, and
pretty suro method of making all
drunk, especially if it be considered
that tho rule was that whoever drank
short of his pin or Leyond it was
obliged to drink again or oven 80
doep rs the next pin" Consequent
~, in Archbishop Anselm's canons,
laid down at the Council of London,
a. ID. llO2. priests are forbidden "to
drink to pegs" The expression "to
tako down peg" has its origin in
this custom, meaning 70 abato man
just as tho liquor is abatod. At
Braintrco, in Essor, England, from
which ono Of tho earliest New Eng.
land towns takes its namo customs
which sprans from pog taukards lin
gered even in tho present century.
Topers partakiEg of ale divided it
into three draughts-"nockum, sink
um, squankum"-thc word swank
being defined i'll Bailey's Dictionary
MS that "remaindcr ofl:quor at tho
bottom Of tankard which is lust
sufficient for ono draught, which is
not accounted good manners to
divide, and, according to tho quaint.
ty, is callcd a largo or o little
swank."--Ncw Yorh Times.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17

At pray er meeting in Raleighh,
at tho Presbyterian church, week be
fore last, Rev. Mr.. Burwell, of the
Peace Institute, spoke of the Jewish
race in tho kindest and most oompli.
mentary terms. He mentioned that,
in his many years experience of school
lifo he had taught the daughters of
Jews, and ho always found them ex-
emplars of the most careful and polite
homo raising he had never seen
Jewish girl at his school but that
she was perfect little lady. He
said he had often heard that n jew
could not be found in pcnltentiary
ho knew there were five hundred
persons in our own penitontiary and
there wasn't jew among them. 1t
was singular fact that there we're
now as many Jews upon earth as
lived in tho days Of David. Mr..
Mangum said lie felt very warmly to-
wards tho Jews, that onco when
stationed in Greensboro he walked
to his church in company with jow
and they conversed upon their differ
ent religions, and before they got to
the gate ho felt thore was blending
of hearts between then, and they
both felt they were children of the
same Father. Wo add to these
reverned gentlemen that wo not only
never heard of a Jew in n prison
house, but wo never heard Of ono
being hung, never saw ono q beggar
nor heard of their daughters disgrac.
ing them, and that statisticians de-
Glare a marked difference between
Jews and Christians to Longevity,
fifty of ono hundred Christians die
before the age of 81, and with the
Jews the same rrnn"r,i"n reaches be-
yond 67. 7.--Rcfe gh Sentinel.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17

Running away from injunctions is
nota novcl trick in Now York, but
Fox, tho we'll known "IIumpty
Dumpty" pantomimist, has led tho
court officers an unusually long
chase. Ten months ago a theatre
lessee procured an Injunction re.
straining Fox from appearing in
public III his professional character
the ground of tho action being that
Fox had violated contract. Since
then Fox has played all over tho
country, coming occasionally within
the Jurisdiction of tho New York
courts. Whenever he did so tho
officers would got after him, but ho
eluded them with the cloarness Of
OF his four-sooted nam csake, ut one
time turning somersault out Of n
back window while they were guard.
Ing all tho doors of q New York
theatre to catch him after he loft
the stage. At laf t, however, he was
trapped in Brooklyn on Mond ay
night. a deputy sheriff, disguised
as common laborcr, applied at
tho theatre for work just hofoore Fox
came upon the stage. He was taken
on, and, once inside, made short
cut for tho dressing room and showed
tho writ into llumpty Dumpty's
hand, who was fairly cornered at
1"'V' ~ , ,..
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17

The attempt of the Union-IIerald,
(and another paper) to make tho
peoplo believe that to attack the
sanity Cardoza is covert stab at
!no Governor, and his administration,
Is tho greatest fraud contemplated.
Ii to convict a thief, would be the
cause OF the displacement of tho
Governor, we would voto for convic.
tion. And, if Chamberlain's ad.
ministration won't hold water be.
cause of Cardoza's conviotion-if he
IS guilty we say let loose tho floods,
and lot Chamberlain slide. Wo do
not believe, however, that it will
affect MIR. Chamberlain's administra.
tiop. 1t depends entirely upon his
honesty OF purpose and BEHAVIOR
GreenviWe News.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
Fallen From Grace.

Tho Washington Chronicle says :
last Winter, it will be rect, lleoted
ono Van Pelt, who had been famous
as the keeper. Of low whisky salo on,
was converted by the crusaders, quit
his business, and became a prominent
lecturer for the woman, and was
quoted as shining example of the
beneficial results of the labor of these
worthy people; but it' seems he did
not remain true. A few days since
he was fined twenty dollars and
sentenced to thirty days in the work.
house = for disturbing religious
meeting"
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
DC K0yen and jaeger.

"A 3. s.ogoalnltemPorarse ~ expresses tho com.
paratiye attitude Of Messrs. De Ko
ven aadEJ aggst thus Tho: ono 7dis.
belivesa good DEAF of what his chu ro.
requires him 20 believe 10 bout the !
sacrament of baptism, and the othcrh
believes q good deal more than his
church requires him to believe about
the other sacrament of the eom.
munion.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17

The Chattanooga Times of tho 9th
lnst'' says the Tennessee has fallen
ttWonty'one feet, but is still over
thlrty teet, aboyo low water Its
condition yesterday may bo dsscrib,
Cd as ordinary high water.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
n. P. R 4 " IL.
---O----

PCOTS and SHOES, GcntIcmcn's rn;
- Boys Ready made Clothing, Bank
cts, Slawls, Corscts md Ribbons, Beach,
cd, 81 own and Plaid lIomcspu. s, Cali.
Goes, Spool Cotton, Linen Damasks and
Flann els, Silk Bows for Ladies, new STYLE
Jet ccklnccs, Pearl Sleeve Buttons.
Plated Shirt Studs, Initial llundker.
chiefs lsomething new), Gentlemen
LINEN and Silk iIandkerchiefs, new styr
Nubias, Beaded Dress Buttons, Black
SILK felts. Fine assortment Of Towels
Full assortment Of CrocHcry and Glass
ware. Fancy China Cups and Sauccrs
and China Mugs.
Black Alpaccas and WA tc Alraccas Of
choice mako.
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17

$50" Wv" S'''N, 'iho"h''h9 10 > ,OO0 900
j l5i r or TIC KErS, 100000
PRICE OF TICKETS.
', " ""'' '""'',' $1,000
10. 20
-. 800
Eighihs or each coupon , ~
- Tickets lor lnn M,
The Mcntrr!icr Female Humane ASA.
G!a'io", ,!, charlrrcd ny the Legislature Of
Virginia and and The circuit Cour, or
or' ne Co., proposes by Grand Cir,
'"nccrt T." establish and cudow n .IJom.
Tor tn" O!d lmtirIr and Destitute Ladies or
l'rE'hla. nj Montpclicr, :hc former resi-
h"ncc of President Madison,
Gov Mrs OFFICE, RI"hM0ND, July 3 1874
II affords me pleasure TO say that nm
w"'l acquainted with II large majority or
the "''IccrS of the Montpelier Fem |, lin.
name ASSOCIATION, who reside in tho vi
rinlty OF my h""c, NJ Il | attest their in
irii'grn'c ana their worth aul hirh rcnu.
ta'i"n nS gentlemen, rs well as the puhli,.
cHhideicc, influence and substantial
means literally represented among Them
JAMES l.. REAPER. Gov. virainiu,
ALENANnEA w.. July s. ISL x
col mend them MS gents of bo,or
amt integrity. and fully entitled ,n III.
confidence Of The luh.i".
r. W.IIUGnES,
|. s. Judge East'n. Dist. Va.
Further references by permission His
hScslieEcy tilbeii G. Walker. Ex.Govcrn
or OF Va. Hon, Robert l.. Wilhcrs. LicuI
Gov. OF Va , and u. 5. Senator clcc,
Senators aud Members CT Congress from
Va. '''"
femlttanccS for tickets may be made Nv
NprSsS prepaid, post Office money order
ON Washington, D. G., or by register
letter.
f"'i particulars, testimonials, &C., send
Tor circular. Address, HON. JAMES
hA hoUR, Pres't. NJ. L. II. a., Aicxau.
dria, Va.
Reliable agents wanted everywhere,
The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1875-03-17
:T-AIST
LIVER CURE,

a purely Vegetable Compound, fr.
from any poisonous matter whatever
oan bo given with impunity to an infar
Of only few hours old for Collie or an
Derangcmcnt Of the Bowels. This Com
pound will assist nature 10 resist the i
huenoo Of malaria, ard thereby prcser
health, 1t is guaranteed to cure Dyspe
sia, Constip ahon. Bilious n sitk nea
ache, Bilious or Cramp Collie "a
especially Painters Colic), and oil 9th
arrangements, Of tho Ii ter. Kidneys, SIX
Stomach and Bowel. Give it tria
and DO convinced.
Manufactur cd by +. l.. KING s. SONS.
Columbia, s. c.. and for sale by,
DR.. W. r.. Aiken, Agent. also by Dr.. ,.
X. McMastcr, Winnsboro, 8. c.
jun 23
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1875-01-08
Among The nagsslses Ae.

Arplcton'a Journal instead of being
discontinued ~ some 10 rivals have
published viii bcgin The new year in.
proved IN many respects. With con-
tinuancs Of the best stories published
any whsre. II will also have ssriea
II illustrated papers on shs industrial
srss. Travel. adventure exploration.
natural history, socisl themes. ths arta
Acsion. literature and current topics
will continue 70 aad > place ia IT. col.
umrs. Persons desiring this 6rst clasa
weekly viii consult our terms for club-
hing il With The PLAis DsALss for
1878.
The lows Fine Stock Gazette fos
Dsesmbsv y upon our table, and i On
sxcslleat number, - psblisstios that
deserves the patroaags of every fsrnss
sad stock. raiser IN our State. W.
go furnish this paper o sdvantsgssl
lsras. sod there y 10 batter Journal d
- tisd. Sc our slsbbiag liss fol
rsrtIeulsss.
Ths Jssaasy ns.bss q 6ssibsss I
nos withost ) Cbristmss 1svos-eoa
ssisisg - Il doss. Chrissmss ststel
hy Il. Clarke Davis. entitled. m,
Night IN . Stage. cosch," . Chris.
nss suggestion. and "a chrissms
slsigh-rids, she latter BY r. h. Stock
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1875-01-08
Atrs6nkesss te~s1ls -


4 t+sss A@ti " 49, .*s Aass
sA~~s - F~~*s n msasss st~Wksi
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S~sshs ~ nAms. y ~xA II sas~eas
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,hss NJ vsu sAws swMmsAa N. hwsa ~
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~ ~ fs~ \ atssikss@A v .4siy a~A
hsa sssisins Nvs sss ssaskss IN aia,.
IN ess primary srAeels. a.ems u 4 im.
pessAht. l. teach ehilasss he~ IL stud !
and n. ltepsstien ats eempessns y
1. shis " ,hss ~sxlj The msst II
them think their da,i.s sre eempr~ssd
IN keeping ~ orderly seheol. heating
sres.s,iens, as.i..ias pupils 10 A. hard
mms. and a'le,.ins tasks sspseielly In
the latter 10 ,hr, ssstl Msmvtising
i, With ms. u them. 1 name fsf mum
ery--a thing " be doas BY holding The
head IN ono hand, swinging arst ems
foot AMI then the ether. and forcing
The lil.s % fepea. formula, snsil they
will ,aa y themselves long enough %
~, through . recitation By very force
d momentum. And This lab crious.
meaningless task. they think y study.
In ether words. Ii H. 10 them The teach.
Ing uf,he lips 10 move FROM force u
hahi. while the mind may bs wandering
anywhere and everywhere. Thus, .
vacant, wandering habit Of mind i
secured with tho spelling Lesson. and
ground III with tho rules Of grammar;
and, unless BY raro good chance. The
r.unate. ovsrlaskcd and mentally
disgasssd young intellect meets In its
onward progress. somc ono who can
show II tho mistake. Or has native gcn.
ius 10 discover u without help. Il grows
into habitual slovsnly mindodnsss
After oil. teachers aro no moro TO
blame than parents, Who demand that
progress shall b measured BY pages Of
> book. rather than BY power to think.
Scientific American.