The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-06-28
HINTS ABOUT TRANSFORMING.

shorten Inp TOW
BY the songs you know.
Star In the West.
HINTS ABOUT TRANSATLANTIC.
Most farmers would be well repaid by |
frequent visits to market gardeners near |
large cities. They learn much by visiting |
each other, but market gardening is farming |
refined to Its last degree of profitable soil |
culture. Not that gardeners always use |
more expensive methods than farmers-of- |
ten they are less so-and farmers may fire. |
quently learn economy in doing nice jobs
from men whose keen competition compels
the greatest possible saving of time, labor
and money while they also learn the skill
fulness and care essential to success This
is especially true in setting out plants,
shrubs or trees. Comparatively little which
farmers do in this line costs more than it
should, and after all fiom careessness of
important rules is as likely as not to result
in failure. The farmers tomatoes and
cabbage are more apt to wilt than the market
gardeners, though the time the farmer
gives to the work may be fourfold what
the other employees. The common error in
transplanting herbaceous plants, as cabbage,
tomato and celery, is trying to save to
much top. The farmer gets large plants,
with their thrifty leaves, which make a fine
appearance, and he hates to sacrifice any.
The market gardener looks mainly to the
roots, increasing them if he has the grow
ing of them by once or twice transplanting
from the seed bed. This causes numerous
iibrous 70 jts to form and makes the check
from final transplanting very small. AS
for the IL ives, marke gardener will trim
these remorselssly, leaving only center
from which all growth must spring. The
l., a., rba
looking leaves which the farmer tries to
save invariably die, spite of careful cover
ing with burdocl or rhubarb leaves, while
the trimmed plants of the gardener, if
planted at sundown, have taken root by
morning. and will take little injury there
after. The philosophy of this is very
simple. The large leaves attached to the
plant are exhaling moisture all the time,
and the leaves wither clear to the stem
before the root can supply them with any
moisture. Even at this stageit is better to
clip them off with the shears rather than
leave them to rot on the plant and slough
off slowly, as they will surely do
A common mistake in transplanting is
deluging the soil with too much water. A
little water ON the leaves checks their
evaporation by keeping them cool. But
the ground IS apt to be of lower tempera-
ture than the air. and if deluged with cold
water this makas it colder, retarding the
action of the roots and often causing many
of them to rot outright. Quite frequently
lhe plant pershes from this cause, and the
owner does not suspect what is the matter.
Besides, on heavy soil, excessive water,
warm or cold, causes the earth to bake in
dry weather and hard crust to form on
the surface, entirely excluding light and
air. Under such conditions tender plants
cannot thrive-can scarcely live. The
practice of the best gardeners is to use very
little water about the roots and that rather
warmer than colder than the air. If the
ground be freshly ploughed, it will usually
be moist and favorable for the roots 10
start. In such cases dipping the plant,
roots and top, in water will be sufficiently.
Some water will adhere to the roots and
the earth will cling to it sufficiently. If
further watering is needed, let it he always
before the hole around the plant is filled
up.
The packing of earth around the root s
should be done carefully by hand, pres
sing fine particles around and between the
root tibres. Where a hole is made in the
ground and earth ralxed in around the plant
it is Away the Jumps which naturally fall
in first, and in these the roots make hard
work to live. Put the finest earth in con-
tact with the roots. Even if dry, when
the roots have been wet properly it will
moisten the soil sufficiently. Better have
too little water than too much. Press the
earth moderately around the stem. With
the too common practice of packing the
earth at the top of the ground and little il
any below, II is wonder that so many
plants live as do.
Do not, on any account, drench the
plant heavily with water soon after trans
planting. The only effect of this is tc
wash down among the roots and loosen the
earth from rootlets already perhaps begin
ming to form. If the plant seems to bt
dropping, wetting its leaves or covering
with a wet rhubarb leaf will usually b.
sufficient. ca great many farmers will
burdock for this purpose, and burdocl
leaves will answer, but we sha' mt TAXI
the responsibility of recommending bur
Dock
Do not put any strong manure in contac
with the roots of newly.set plants. Man,
farmers have their cabbage and tomatoe
unaccountable die from this cause. If
is advisable to manure in the hill, put tn
manure little below or one side the plant
and mix it somewhat with the SOIL TIL,
roots of newly-set plants are dormant a
first and easily begin to rot. For thi
reason strong liquid manure should neve
be applied until some time after new
growth has commenced. Ground TO-
celery needs to be very rich, and mistake
are most Frequently made in too hesvil,
manuring this plant in contact with ii
roots. 1t should be remembered that Gel
cry loves moist, cool soil, as well as
rich one, so that violent heating manure
are not advisable for this plant.
INFESTED ioiM sects.-lnsects will pre-,
upon vegetables, and constantly fighting
the depredators is usually the only alter
native even In the most favorable season
Soot ashes and salt are all excellent ap
plicatons to destroy onion grubs, or thos
which cause clubfoot in cabbages and tur
nips. To prevent the latter it is well t
dip the roots of the plants in solution o
SCOT made of the consistency of thin past
before planting. Lime busted over tn
leaves of potatoes, cabbage, turnlps. an
other plants, infested with the yariou
species of flea beetles, is an excellent pre-
ventive. as these insects work on the uppo
side of the leaves, as well as under. an
fresh lime is rather distasteful to then
Ashes may also be used for the same pul
pose, although not quite as effectual.
The green fly or aphis appears it may
destroyed by applying strong solution {
tobacco to the plants.
The Colorado potato beetle is best d,
stroyed with Paris green, mixed wit
flour, and busted over the leaves; one pa
of the former to fifteen of the latter,
the proportion most generally adop,e'
In hot, dry weather the larvae may be d.
stroyed, by sweeping them off upon III
ground, but this plan should be consdere
as only somewhat temporary relief frol
this pest, as many of the grubs will escap
even If the sweeping is quite thorough
Rurdi Nelo J 0rker.
PROFITABLE CROPS.
A large number of letters reach us frol
farmer who Inquire what crop we woul
recommend IN Ina raiaed unon certain ma