The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1875-01-16

1 -'e - ibD ~ tnc fcibt ui rldfNatpHs Eft1i-
dent Serrano marched to It's relief in May,
and in series Of battles defeated Don Carlos
and saved the city. The Carlsis retrea,ed to
Estella, where they were attacked June rs.
Here the fortunes Of war changed, for the
republicans we're defeated and their veteran
commander Marshal Concha killed. A des-
ultory warfare has continued, distinguished by
only one important event-the defeat Of the
Carlists At Irun in November. An Of the
leading powers Of Europe except Russia
recognized the Spanish Republic August IL.
This was doubtless brought about BY the
friendly offices Of Germany. A protest by
Spain against France for harboring carIists
on her frontier, October 10, led to sharp
correspondence between thetwo governments.
The close Of the year leaves the military sit.
uation the same as at the beginning. Neither
faction has conquered the other, and each Is
considerably weaker by the exertions and
waste Of the war.
ITALY.
The Pope, according TO his own statement,
remains a prisoner in the Vatican, and no
progress has been made towards better un.
derstanding between him and the Italian Gov
ernment, which now appears to be more
firmly established than ever in Rome. The
November elections for members of the
House Of Deputies resulted in a Ministerial
triumph.
RUSSIA.
The marriage of the Grand Duchess Maria
and Prince Alfred Of England, the visit Of
the Gar to England, the arrest Of the Grand
Duke Nicholas for the stealing Of his mothers
diamonds, aud the further Disturbances in
khisa, the new Russian conquest in Central
Asia, were the only incidents in Russian his.
tory in 1874, made notorious by the newspa-
pers. The empire is pushing its railway sys-
tenn in every direction and making its prepar-
atoms deliberately and carefully for the
coming contest which is to settle the s'Eastern
Question"
WEST INDIES.
The war in Cuba continued throughout the
year with no apparent advantage gained to
either side. A new Captain General, in the
person Of General Concha, brother Of the
Marshal, landed in Havana April Q. He
made bustling preparations, like his predeces-
sors, to crush out the rebellion instantly, and
did nothing. In Santo Domingo, January
%, General Gonzalez was installed as Presi.
dent in place Of Mr.. Grants friend Baez,
who was overthrown in the revolution of the
preceding year.
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA
The scourging Of the British consul, Mr..
Magee. at San Jose de Guatemala, and the
subsequent punishment Of the brutal native
officer who perpetrated the outrage, and an
earthquake which swallowed upssveral towns
September 3, were the events Of note in Cen.
trail America. The year was m unusually
peaceful one in the South American States.
With the exception Of the Argentine rebellion
and an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the
power Of President Pardo in Peru, there have
been no wars on the continent. An attempt
was made TO assassinate the President Of Peru
August q. In June the laying Of the sub
marine cable between Brazil and Europe was
completed, and telegraphic congratulations
passed between the Emperor and President
Grant.
THE PACIFIC.
King Cacoban ceded FIJI to Great Britain
in March, and British naval officer took
formal possession September 80. In March,
David Kalakaua was elected King Of the
Hawaiian Islands.
A war between China aud Japan was aver.
4 ted by the evacuation in December of the
| Island Of Formosa by the Japanese troops
| The war Of the Dutch in Acheen dragged its
weary length along, and at the last dates was
still undecided. In Central Asia, the Russians
and English intrigued, and Yacoob put down
an insurrcctiou raised against him by his own
son.
The disasters by sea and land were the loss
| ofthe French Transatlantic steamers l. Europe
and EAmerique, the overflow Of the planta-
tions on the Mississippin in April, the break in
| the Ashfeld Dam in tho Mill River Valley,
Mass, in May, whereby hundred lives we're
| lost and several villages destroyed /; the food
| ing Of Pittsburg, Pa, in July, with great lost
Of life, the knrning Of the Granite Mills a.
| Fall River, Mass, and the killing Of many Of
| the operatives; the tornado in Charleston, S.
| c., ia September, and the great fire in Chica-
| 20 in July, which led to the withdrawal Of the
companies belonging to the National Board Of
| Fire Underwriters
FATS DIVERS.
1 NJ. Cogga, at Marselles, discovered the
| comet April IL, and It was visible with its
| long tail in this neighborhood in June.
An international congress TO devise means
to mitigate suffering in war, was held in
| Brussels in July.
Iceland's one thousandth anniversary was
celebrated August s, the King Of Denmark
and many foreigners visiting the country at
| the time.
Professor Tyndall delivered an address be-
| fore the British scientists at Belfast, ireland,
August 2l, on ssMatter and Life which was
widely noticed and criticised.
The Austrian Polar expedition returned TO
civilization Septe5aber 4, after having made
important discoveries.
Observations Of the transit OF the planet
Venus across the suas disk were made In
different parts Of the world by Government
expeditions sent out for the purpose, Dscem-
Der 8.
sEcRoIocY.
tatesmen--Guizot, Sumner, Fillmore, Es-
partero, Enos I. Throop, Earl Of Dalhousie,
FORBADE -Laroquette, ex-senator Wigfall, Of
| Texas, and Governors Caldwell, Of North
Carolina, and Hart, Of Florida.
Soidiers--Marshal Concha, Marshal Won
| Gablentz, of the Austrian army ex- President
Cespedes, Of the Cuban republic; Generals
Foster, Hsrtsuif, Dyer, Harvey Brown, and
| Tyler, United States army General S. A.
Meredith; General Won Luders, Russian
army
DEFINES Archbishop Landriot of Rheims
Bishop Lee, of Iowa lEpiscopal;) Bishop
Whitehouse, Of Illinois lEpiseopal;) Bishop
Wheelan, Of Wheeling Roman Catholic;)
Bishop Mcfarland, of Hartford (Roman
Catholic;) DIR. De Witt, Of New York DR..
I. NJ. Eddy, DIR. Joseph Haven, DR.. James
Walker, ex President Harvard College; Bish-
op Morris iMethodist
! Naral Officers Rear Admiral Shubricl, u.
s. N, the senior officer in the navy Rear
Admiral Lanman, o.. s. n; Lienfenani-
i Commander Gushing.
authors -Stranss, Michelet, Jules Jsnin,
the critic; Bryan Waller Proctor, Sidney
Dobell, Charles Swain and Tom Hood, the
poets, Miss Strickland, G. Astor Bristed,
Shirley Brooks, Frances Victor Hugo.
Arf-Kaulbaeh and Hows, the painters;
Rhinehart, Foley and Triqueti, the scuIptors.
The Stage Psreps Rosa, Agatha States
Mark Smith, i. B. Conway, Belleu, the