, 1875-02-01
The Original Reayis---The Investigation
and Report Of Cangress~MadiSon
on Tic Removal Of the
Capital.
The washington Klng in tho Old
DAys-.-l'atriOtixm AMI
Corner Lots.
The National Capital as "a Beggar
on the Banks Of the Potomac"


WARRINGTON, d. e., Jan. 27.-1'he snggeBton
wss recently renewed, that il adequate aafe-
guards cannot be provided IN the expenditure OF
money in tho District of Co!umbiu the Capital
removal agitation tnas bo revived. Tile history
Of the Capltal-1emoyal agitation is very old
story.
TIE FfAAT oArITAL-nE,toyAL eESsAT1oN.
In September, 1914, Washington City nas
desolatad placo. The Patent Office WAS the only
public building left by the British vandals who
showed their prowoes aud their civilization by
burning tho Library Of Congress- and destroying
newspapers. The great Cockburp. meanwhile,
was engaged in his bawdy orgiea, sup
ping by tho light 1T tho blazing build
ings. The Patent Onico had bccn hastily
and Rcantily fitted mp for the reception Of Con-
gfess. The adjacent houses afforded crude AMI
inconvenient accommodations for the Executive
olices. Tho blackened ruins Of the Capitol wcro
still smoking. At ths tmo, Mr.. nhea, Mem
her Of Congress from Pennsylvania, pending
the diHcuation Of tho bill! approprlasing money
for the rebuilding Of the public offices burnt by
thc British, proposed to surround the ruins Of
tho Capitol with an iron bRfustrado to permit
the moHs, the ivy, and the licheu, 10 grow upon
it, aud 10 place Oh their tront ia letters of brass
this inscription
AIiNAttNhn. &Ao ~ elECl III 1iIltlFIl uAf.
tarIsml Let us s.ear c,crnnl Hatred to Eu-
GLAND !"
Mr.. Nhea's proposition did not carry 1t WIS
discovered ihat he was Pcnnpylvanian. anxious
to havo tho Seal Of government removed to
pbiladclphia or Lancaster. so1no owners Of
OF Washington lands, soon after, fearing that
tho agitation Of tho removal Of the Capital
might prnye disastrous. caused to be erected OH
Canlto1 Hill temporary building. OF which 4
leqsa Was taken ami in which tho uew Congress-
met.
THE BErnsD CHAPTER
in tho CapitaLre1nosa al asit4t,on began after the
close VI tue War uf The iebellipll, in led!.-lsI0
There wore 1nauy 1easons wig tie agitation
sEau.d be tlic,l renewed. More tlaA half cen-
by tho British, yet Washington City seemed
tca7cely begun. Tho Capitol waB incomplete
tho Whito Iouao was going to decay; the
htrecIs, In winter wero morass. III summer
OF Canitol Hill, through which tor clgtt years
tile noisoma B!t,nh Of the city had 6eeu pcr-
m1ttll to tako their ioatlHomn coulso. A stag
l,ant cesapool, mistanol "tIe canal" e1-
tended from Georgetown 10 tho "eastefn
btaneh' beneath tic wim',w Of the preHi-
dents house. Tho ca1luel Vi tho Potomac Tas
choked aud shallow. and tile partialy-sub-
merged maralacH bred iilalaria, typhuy, aud
peRtirnoe. Tho old rnb,doHts vera unwilling to
accept tho iHHues Of tao War; the new. comcrs
were dissatisfied with the ditty, struggling, RAM
slncilu hnlnyu.
Under tlIest. circumstances
sI!t. l.. Z. AfAvlE
first began to bo heard Of 1T 81. Louis. Reavis
IL a man YI2 ia fond Of notoFlety, uu WHO has
some prctensions to literatur<. Pus.tase:i uf
g,eat personal force Of character he succeeded
in occurring = considerable following in some
pottious OF thu Vert. lie set himself IN as o
professional ieonoclnHt, and determined to de-
stroy tho nston'a idols. 1t was Iuattar Of in
difference to him whether tho piles Of marble
mud granie should bo transported to Tho shift
ing banks Of tho AtisB4sipii 1sscr, or be left as
crumblipg hantation fur the sloth. tho but,
Hnd tho owl. The NATIONAL enthusiasm Ut tho
dug favored Ills project. Tbs Pacific rail-
road enterrtises seemed about to fulfill
the early prophecy that tho soat Of En,pire sns
the East, III tho pen Of Iiornco Greeley in the
Now York Tribune. The project received 10
much encouragement that, in 1sdo aud 1870,
Louis. Another Convention l.ap recently been
hold In st. Louis. The first two Conventions
wore we'll attended. Tho delegates from osery
Western city aud village apparently contemplated
a. TIC result Of the movement tile addition Of
tho National Capital to tho suburbs ol their re-
Bpcctive localities. Tho moro moro sagacionB,
covered that neavis Vas ouly the eonu.
hn1 ,sEpt ,,s Of nnsa n e 1S Tho way
was In fay0r Of Lancaster or Philadelphia. Tie |
Weston preBB began 10 riiicule Acayis and hH |
project and to charge tllat the whole ecl,en,e
was devised by slrowd roal-cHtato Spectators in
enthusiasm West to compel Congress to rop-
sIder aud report upon the question.
TnK nEroNT OF CONGRESS-.
That wa done 10 lB71. *hen tho Homo Can-
petitions asking for a removal Of the Capital DO
laid upon tho table, Tho minority OF TINT Com.
ttoo.-consisting OF philetus Sawyer, tho rich
lulnbetman, Of Wisconsin, and john Coburn, OF
cd tho change Of location. Tie minority report
IL very eatnest IN favoro removal of the Capital
Its authors areuo thai tho Constitution docs nut
require permanent location Of tho Capital, and
changed as properly rs the location Of fort,
an arsenal, Of q doch.yard: They found much
for their lega! positions In tho writings
Of Madison III tue Felt1ahst, md quutctt as co,,-
elusive the p4ssnge OIL the location VI tho Ma
tiona! Capta! which ends in these worls
MADISON IN TIE REMOVAL or THE CAPITAL.
'"rlia consideration has tho moro Wright a.
lilo gradual accumulation Of public itnpsoyo-
nents ut the stationary rosiloncu Of tle uoyorn-
mont would be both too great . public palgo
'o te ielt ~ the bands OF tin-
,le state, aud would create go ma,y
obstacles to y. removal OF tho noyorli-
mont as still further 10 abrdEo Its necessary in
lependence." Tie author Of tlia minority report
insisted that every argument used for tho loea-
lou OF the Capital whore 1t now IL may 10 used
against such location II IL not contralt it has
1ot convenient access to the minority Of tho
,eoplo it harmohizos 10 conflict by itn present
ocatlon." They said, 81 Located wluro it il,
he pooplo must forever bo moro ar Ioha sortion-
Il no people eau rise entirey abovo their sur-
oundings. It ia difficult OF access, distant frou,
he inaf fority. With q variable climate without
,reat advantages al to heath, liable to attack by
foreign foe, iutefepsihle except by largo
orco at =, great eIpeuse.. recently sir
II tho midst OF barren region incapable OF s',s-
aninR powerful uud vigorous people. tho !
'ataa Of tle nation s.ts solitary, hellsss, illo
i danger, friendlcss, and
HEu0An ON THE BANKS or THE POTOMAC"
They lad plau somewhat crude. hY which
hoy claimed that the Capital could 10 moved !;
'ithont gtoat expense. They definitely Btated ..
nat plan In those words:
"Wo balieya that tile Government can pro-
tre tract of land elticloht!y largo for i,H usa
j Capital and district. and. frou the proceeds
I lots sold, III connection with tho cafrGss uIl-
that all civil aud municipal expeses
hatayer arc to b. borne by tho purchasers,
erfye = sum sufficient to urect q largo part Ut i
,e buildings a. oonlmodlous and handsome AZ !
1ose now in 1H0. Aud, in Wow Of this nropo- ] ,