The Wheeling daily register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1864-1878, 1875-11-03
Farming InteIIigeutly.

Farming InteIligeutly.
A Correspondent of the american
Farmer (Baltimore) writes about farm
er,' knowing what they are doing, as iol-
lows:
In our section the cost Of producing
crop is something like the following;
We consider the rent OF land horse ana
hand labor equal in producing corn,
truck crops cotton, peanuts, melons, Pc
tstoes etc,-land one-fourth, team one
fourth and labor one-haf. When the
market crops are all sold, expenses PAID
an inventory taken Of subsistence, sup
plies consumed and on hand, increase OF
value in farm stock, improved value IN
lands, farm buildings, etc, the farm ac-
count book should show on which SIDE
of the profit and loss account the Dali
ance stands from the previous year.
It will generally appear that the pro-
ductive WELD cannot be increased U!
labor al one without adding strength oy
fertilizers to the natural power oil the
soil. Here comes IN prominently
the necessity OF manures, either com,
morcisl home made; or in general, ana
most certain of good results, is comb
! nation of both, to increase the strength
of the land to point OF production ex-
. c.adinr its value in rent, labor, expen-
diture and cost Of fertilizers; and thsS e<-
cess. and THIS only, is profit.
There is no reason why the farmer
/ should not calculate these matters per-
tanning to the cost and proft Of growing
Ia
stock in trade, AT least approximately
80 AS to learn annually in positive
manner the relative profits of his lands
in crops. We are inclined to believe
that the age of reason in regard to the
iudicious use rather than the abuse Of
commercial fertilizers, Is returning
to our people in the Middle and
Southern States. The writer has found
from experience much economy in Use
ing certain bought manures. Those
which he believes have paid him the
best profits on the investment IN past
wears, and will pay best the present sea
ION. are cotton seed, urlesched ashes,
guano, Dissolved bones, plaster and oyter-
she'll lime.
That commercial fertilizers are labor
saving thence one item of profit anc
of the proper kind and quantity per acre
iudiciouslv adapted to soil and crop, n
very great aid to farming with profit,
there is no question in my mind after
ten wears experience in sometimes losing
money and sometimes making profit by
their use.
In estimating the profits derived from
the use of bought fertilizers it may not be
improper to say that they may be divided
I inta two classes-those whose powers are
expended entirely on one crop or nearly
so and those which influence decidedly
sundrv crops TO the first belong cot
ton seed. the GuanOs-which contain
ammonia, nitrate OF soda, and the more
soluble and easily appropriated man
ures generally, perhaps to this class l
| might add lcell dissolved bones. The
second glass comprises raw bones,
whether rs crushed, meal or flour, ashes,
Ime-both as carbonate shell or rock
lime and plaster, the suIphate-the pot
ash sands. AS the greer, and the Lme
marls and what we term "lndian bank,
/ shells or marls of Tidewater Virginia.
/ Your readers will readily comprehend
/ from the above. that while the expense
! of the first class should be charged to
the annual crop; that of the latter should
be charged to the land, or divided between
succeeding crops. -,
Perhaps practical illustration otthe
above may not be unacceptable to some
of YOUR readers, who grow crops with
tenants on shares. The farm book shows
that ruano, which cost $2S, was used the
present season on melons we use gener-
bag, 100 pounds, per 1000 hills and
/ Will the labor and other expenses are
( charged TO their respective accounts, TINS
/ il deducted from 3,400 melons sold IN
/ the market for 1874 net. Of which the
/ tenant having been furnished
with land and teams, gets
one.half tor his labor. The same
is applied to all other crops where the
{ first class of manure is used. The writer
find, i. convenient to take certain sec
.iurs of fields; say here are four acres OF
land sown in winter oats of the past Sep
t.nlber. il stands charged with six bushels
,f winter oats at 80 cents and one bushel
of.imothy seed ut 81. When the stacks Of
9TH are threshed the section will
,,,., lis credit: it was charged the past
/ .prirr with 50 bushels Of ashes and
/ 500 pounds OF plaster, applied with Sey-
mour's lime spreader. Il should have
/ 9 little credit for the grazing Of tour
colv.s the past winter and some slight
damage done by the grazing OF twenty
geese and goslings in early spring'
. Newt .prIng, when the hay crop Is cut,
il will receive due credit; so that by re-
ference TO the farm book, the profits OF
acres annually, by charging labor and
crcditing the produce, can be readily
known and the profits, i a'g seen NJ 4
glance.
Making due lowance for cartain sec
tions Of our State, and special facilities
fer near home markets, 1t will be found,
we think, on close inquiry, that supplies
for annual and human subsistence are
the st,ytSt crops for profit We can grow.
. Articles of human TODD are unquestion-
ABLY those of the most indispensable USE
m. demand for them recurs daily, and
no occupations are so regular as those
which minister to human subsistence.
" therefore, it's they yield the most certain
profit. Notwithstanding the effects of brisk
connection. The English farmer Mechi
estimates the value of land and profits
Of cul,ivating it by the meat that can be
produced omit. In conclusion, therefore,
Of the subject so briefly and imperfectly
examined, the writer can see no hope
OF making the farm pay better than by
Increasing its cGpGcitvto grow bread and
meat, seeking profits by conversion OF
products often, rather than direct sale.
The Pittsburgh Commercial processes
to be very confident of Republican sue
cess in Pennsylvania to-day, but the fol-
lowing paragraph shows signs of nerv-
nnsness: "Let no Rcnnhhcan snffnr