Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-12-24

sss ID the pasture. When they we're two
Isysifs vldrtissy weighed 1860 poaads. hast
fall when three past 3l200) ppuBds ;lthsy
are estimated DOW % weigh S.600 pounds
| / have received good returns for the food
given them. Cattle 70 pay us must have
good feed both SKINNER and winter. d y iaoq
Mr. Juda spoks Of the impostancs Of kind
and gentle treatment. so thst when We 70
into the yard they Will gather around u.
Ip selecting breeding animals, Il is Of the
Hrst Importance that they have good COnsti-
| tntions, 1iH { .rIf.. .'1 - ,.fI Hfi i.itf
|tia s1om Tuesday EUsning. 'as
The meeting was called 70 order and the
chairman announced the next topic Cor con-
Alteration 10 be,sWork and Wagss."i Which
was presented by SlAs Hopkins Of East
Berkshire, who said in substance. Work /
aud wages are mutually dependent, and out
of aheir relation Of dspsdenos thsr6 comes a
mutual obligation. Is1 .e1am0N ed % isdi
=, The hired msA must be prompt honest,
| faithful, obedieut and il is desirable that he
should be Intelligent and skillfal. The em-
plOyer ought to treat his, help respectfully,
kindly aud considerably, and must pay his
help honestly and immediately when his
work is DONE ,, en- d.. .as,a,J ..f. --t !
After the reading of Mr. Hopkins paper
Col Mead Of the Vermont board made an
address on "The Opportunities for Young
Fanners.p IL was too long to report in full
and too good to Jose, and of such q charac.
ter that an abstract of it would spoil it, and
we only say oft further that we hope il
will be repeated as often us the board may
meet. o l..sf' a7 M }I'
A RsvIsvv OF Nsw Hampshirs Fsrsning
was presented 10 paper Of some length by
J. y. Adams secretary of the New Hamp.
shire board. v s,is,lneU vsErls s.asI |
Mr. Adams said ltisappropriate to review
not only the past year bat the past one hun
dred years. The nomadic life of the hun
ter was gradually abandoned, the oxhaus-
tive labOrs Of the lumbermen became irk-
some, and our people devoted their energies,
unwillingly at first but faithfully, to subdu-
ing the hard but productive soil. He spoke
Of the introduction Of machinery for manu-
featuring purposes, the building Of cities and
the new revelations which science has made.
New Hampshire has an area of about o 900,
900 acres 5000, 900 acres are included in
, farm limits. The value OF our farm lands
was stated, twenty-five years ago, to be S55,
900 600, ten years later S69,000,OO0 and
in 1870, SS0,0O0,00O.
The average size of farms 10 New Hamp-
shire has diminished from 1S4 acres in 1850
! to l49 acres in 1850 and to l3g in 1870,
another Indication OF better culture. The
. number engaged iD agricultural pursuits lis
I | II H.. E-Q nd .vhan va.
!, slider that "A 900 and more of these agri-
cultnrists are native born, their value as
. citizens is greatly increased. .-,
Tho early importatiops Of neat cattle into
! New Hampshire were evidently Devons and
! Danish. The latter were large yellow stock
] brought by Mason and bis associates for the
, purpose Of drawing large masts and heavy
| timber. The former by various parties from
the south Of Ebgland where the Devons, two
centuries ago, had become a fixed breed.
: This stock was not very valuable at 6rst, and
was never improved by careful breeding or
-, by proper feeding and housing. 1t was not
? ? until near 1850 that many pure blooded ami
!, mails were found in the state. To-day New
; Hampshire has many herds not only of Dur-
) hams, Ayrshires and Devons. but Herefords
4 and Alderneys aud a few Hosteins, while
: the common stock known as natives has been
greatly improved by grading up through the
agency Of these pure breeds. The total num-
Der of neat animals in the state in 1870, as
. reported, is 100000. ll.. ~ sa. I
Year by year the product of our moving
fields has increased until We are credited
= with over 600, 900 tons annually at a low
' estimate, worth $4,000. If we add an
equal value for the support Of our stock in
sumner, wo place to the credit Of the state
. the sum Of Sl2,000,00O, produced at less
: cost than any other crop Of equal import
= ance. Of Indian corn, we produce about
: 100000 bushels annually; Of oats, 1900,
. 600 bushels of barley. $4,000, and as
. much Of buckWhOat aud of peas and beans,
' twice as much. v sr...rt
. The first potatoes were raised in 1922 the
culture has Increased until in some seasons
u our state has produced 5000 900 bushels.
" Our milk and butter trade which was not
u recognized sin the beginning" has increased
gradually until our butter product reaches
~ $500 900, aud our milk sold 100000 gal
: Ions annually. Soapstone aud granite quar-
~ ~ ryiug. making brick, aud gathering ice have
! come to be an immese business in our state.
n | WI fAudulS AlSO bpOhC VI eho ehioNu'
:, of money brought into the state by pleasure
: seekers, in the summer months.
= The 6rst cattle fair ever held in the
!" United States took place in New Hampshire
:, Our agricultural college is now an estab'
~ lished fact Mr. Adams has tho rare abil
- ity of giving to statistics rare interest
n The reading of the two papers with Go
u u Mead's address occupied all the time of thu
~ ~ evening session so that no disc ussion fol
20 lowed them.
Wednesday Morning.
er Mr. Fasset read his paper on
~ Butter Making.
Oy The main points 10 the paper we're a
follows:
OF Success in butter making depends upoI
IL the careful observance Of certain natura
Ou laws. Pure milk free from taiut or uupleas
ne ant odor is the basis orstarting point TO Sc
I'LL cure this the COW mustbe in healthy condi
'er ton, must have pure air, pure water, and bes
Ct care aud gentle treatment. Not only mus
To- the milk be pure but must be of a peculia
FeS quality to be the most profitable for tn
. butter dairy.
no Some milk is rich in cheese but not !
ey butter. Some milk yields butter Of ric
." color and fine texture. Some cream come
AN to the surface readily and is quickly au
easily churnod, and at a higher tempcratur
. without injury than some other cream.
per All the way from the milking yard to III
,nR market neatness, yes, dainty neatness, is n
lc6 quired. The milk-room need not be expeI
est sive, but should be so arranged that the ten
wv perature may be easily controlled. n
nee dairymau with ten COWS can afford TO Vi
led the small pans, The quality of butter
esh some dairios is greatly Improved by subst
his tuting large pans for small ones. The Ia