The Cincinnati daily star. [volume] ([Cincinnati, Ohio]) 1875-1880, 1875-07-15

quality OF the beer, producing tne DeSt
standard Bavarian, Pilsener, or any
other kind that. may be desired. Hence
it would seem that the brewers, Like
Othello, occupation is gone, since Ger
man beer powder is to take the place OF
King Gambrinus' beverage. %
On Pruning.
vines of all kinds, the mode, and the
time, and the amount Of pruning to be
done, is receiving much attention from
pom6logists. AS might be expected from
the various experience or theories OF
observers, and the standpoint from
which they draw their conclusions, there
is much diversity of opinion, some con-
demning it altogether, and others adyo-
eating the free use OF the knife. These
discrepancies are more apparent than
real, ii we keep in mind the true and ul-
innate object OF pruning, and the effect
we wish to produce.
1t may safely be asserted as general
principle in vegetable physiology, that
all pruning is more or less injurious TO
the we'll being of the living plant.
In state OF nature, or when tree or
vine is left to itself, there is gradual
adjustment and equilibrium established
between the roots and branches. There
are roots enough to absorb
anu Gully tuc
and there are branches, with
their leaves, enough to work it up and
assimilate the nutrition. When this
equilibrium is disturbed, injury, disease
or death follows. The degree of injury
will depend upon circumstances, such
as the amount Of pruning, the time
when it is done, and the constitution
and habits Of the peculiar plant. Some
bear pruning better than others, and in
winter better than In summer.
We may take lesson from the man.
ner in which nature does her pruning.
1t Is always a safe and sure process.
Take young tree, pine, for example.
There are number of small laterals.
AS the tree grows upwards and the
trunk enlarges, the sap has tendency
to pass on TO the upper portion; these
laterals begin to lose their vitality, and
at length die out and fall to the ground.
In the old tree there is not even a trace
left Of these primary branches, and
their very scars are obliterated.
| Very different is the effect when, By
artificial means, a vigorous, healthy
limb is Topped of. The equilibrium be-
tween roots and branches is suddenly
destroyed, and the plant receives q
shock TO its system, which impairs Vi
| tality to some extent.
But in all kinds of cultivation, whether
| for ornament or Tor fruit, we find 1t bet
| ter to sacrifice somewhat the health or
longevity Of the plant for some other ad-
vantage to be gained, of greater value.
We prupe our fruit trees and grape
vines to keep them within bounds and
give them shape better to resist the ef-
feet OF a too hot sun, OF high winds, and
also by reducing the amount OF woody
growth, to obtain better fruit. So also
of hedges, or other artificial shapes we
may desire to produce. A hedge is q
collection of stunted, half starved, ill
conditioned individuals, but when
taken as a whole, it's general effect
(Which is the thing sought after) is use-
| iul or pleasing. Whatever may be the
chief object in cultivation, whether it be
the perfection of fruit or flowers, or USE
| fulness as hedge, or ornamental shape,
we seek that, aud not the longevity Of
the plant. Ifthe plant could not furnish
/ these requisites, it would not be worth
! the cultivation at all The true eud and
aim OF all pruning, therefore, is to just
go much Of it and no more, as will give
the best results, with the least injury.
| And this must be ascertained by practi-
| cal observation and experience.
The above remarks are, uf course, In
blended to apply to such things as are
growing and fixed permanently for life.
! In transplanting it is necessary to prune.
No matter how carefully tree may be
taken up, the roots are injured more or
LESS. according to the care used.>
4 In proportion as the roots are lesseued,
so must we lessen the branches. ExeI
n In transplanting small things from the
nursery bed when all the roots can be
tsecured, il requires time for the absorb
ing function to commence their supply
4 of fluid, and so il is best always to pinch
of portion of the leaves, and thus re-
store the equilibrium.-Rural CaroliniRn
for July.