davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29
A Business Education for Farmer.

When musing upon the educational needs
of the agricultural class it is sometimes diff
fcult to decide which they need most,
scientific or a business education. As Mr..
4. T.. Jameson once remarked upon the sub
ject, at an agricultural meeting When
asked what we want in this connection, we
might answer as did the ragged boy who,
on being asked by the rich man what he
wanted, looked at his torn clothes and an
swered, why, pears to me, governor,
wants most everything"
Sometime since, one of our most wide
awake farmers told US he had just sent his
son away to business college, not because
he was going to put him into store, but be-
cause he thought just such instruction as he
would get there would be Of the greatest adj
vantage to him as a farmer.
The fact is, that no amount and hardly
any kind Of practical education comes amiss
upon the farm. A farmer has so many
kinds Of work to do and overseas obliged
to buy and to sell, to judge Of the quality
and value of so many kinds of goods, and
so many varieties Of animals; has to settle so
many questions in feeding, doctoring aud
breeding his livestock in buying machinery;
in deciding upon the qualities of soil and Of
seed, and their adaptation to each other
has TO know so much about the varieties Of
the seasons and their effects upon plants
and animals, the changes of markets and the
right time to buy and sell-that aside from
all his social, religious and political duties,
that also require so much knowledge for
their right performance, he is either obliged
to trust nearly everything TO chance, or he
must be hard student all of his life in
about every branch of human knowledge.
Thousands and tens of thousands of dollars
are lost by the farmers of this state, every
year, for want of knowing how to transact
business upon business principles, and in
accordance with recognized business meth
dds. They are at the mercy of others in
most important matters, because they have
never learned these things. Here and there
we find a business farmer, and when we do,
we find universally thrifty and successful
one. We know of one instance, recently,
where such man made $3.50, cash, in
single transaction, the opportunity for which
had laid open for year to a dozen other
men, who failed to see chance that was OBJ
yious to him the moment his eye lighted
upon it. And the men who now regret the
lost opportunity actually called him fool
for putting his money into what they now
see was a sure thing.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

We believe that the Department of Agri-
culture did a good thing when it imported
from Russia a number Of the popular yarie-
ties of the apples OF that country. In the
distributions of scions from those trees, some
fifteen varieties fell to our share, and the
gratis made from them all grew, and are
now fine thrifty trees. These have been
again grated from, until we now have more
than a hundred young trees from this stock.
The success of the TetolslSy and Duchess of
Oldenburgh apples, which were among the
earlier importations from Russia, probably
stimulated the agricultural department in
too soon to do more than begin the record Of
results, we cannot but be pleased with the
thrifty growth OF these new sorts, and their
apparent entire indifference to the severity
OF our winter cold. But twoof the varieties
received from the department have yet
fruited one. the yellow Transparent, -
last season, auds another, the " Grand Sui
tan" this season. They are both early fall
anet!es, the former ilpenlng about with
the Duchess Of Odenburgh, and the latter
being just in eating at this time (september
jth). Both are handsome aud excellent ap-
pies the " Grand Sultan" particularly so,
being Of the largest size, bright green in
color becoming a rich waxy yellow inripen-
ing. The flavor is mild and refreshing, the
Al 4. l.. 4 ] Al.
like the "Maiden's Blush in quality. We
shall watch with interest the coming into
bearing Of all these new sorts, hoping that
among them may be found not only fall, but
winter varieties, that will prove good and
profitable in the colder sections of the state,
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

But Whatever their name, and wherever
made, We determined to have one Of them,
and after using it for a season, we find 1t to
be so entirely satisfactory that We have or
dered a second Gone horse), and friends in
the vicinity who have seen and tried the one
We are now using, are quite satisfied that
Mr.. Sanbolns claims in regard to the merits
Of his plows are fully borne out by their per
Torrance
The following are the distinctive merits
Of the Sanborn plows, as demonstrated in
practice l. They will turn level land, as
we'll and pulyerize it much better than the
best Landslide plows. p It works equally
well in stubblc or sod 3. It is Of easy draft,
so easy that we have run the two-horse size,
which we now have, with a single horse, in
stubbe ground, for half day at time with
ont difficulty T. The mould board does not
clog, aud pulverizes the whole furrow slice
perfectly, in this respect far exceeding any
plow we ever had DE- The cutter though
stationary, is always ia line with share aud
Nll'i7FfAff tlfNN if"tia NlhAN iWh
which lands the pillow perfectly, thus dispens-
ing with the necessity for any special rig for
these plows. G. The cevs and wheel frame
are combined, and regulated with a single
bolt T. The one-horse pillow has q swinging
draft rod and grayitating latch, that allows
the horse to walk in the furrow. And,
finally, these plows are steadier working,
easier to hold, less liable to get ont Of order,
do not load in sticky soils, and are better
made than any plows We ever knew and
they are sold at reasonable prices. Such be-
ing the case, (and We Ito not hesitate TO risk
our personal guarantee that such is the
case,) we doRot see how any farmer can af-
ford to do without them
We have written this notice unknown to
Mr. Sanbon, and simply in consequence of
our perfect satisfaction with the pillow re-
ceiyed by us last spring in return for pos
tai order for It's price forwarded by rs. As
we have said, we are going To have another,
aud many of our friends are going to order
them. As we count all cur readers in that
list, we share our experience with them, and
advise them to send to the lligganum (what
a name } Manufacturing Company at Zig
gmum, Connecticut for price list They
don't pay MS for this notice, either directly or
indirectly, and our only object in giving it is,
that cur readers may know that perfect
swivel pillow has at last been invented, and
invented by Vernonter of course.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29
Swivel PlOws.

The numerous manifest advantages at
tached to a plow that makes no dead burrows
and with which you can begin upon one side
of field, large or small, and pillow back and
forth until the field is finished, have led 10
the expenditure of vast amount of inven
tive talent upon this class of plows. Several
important problems in mechanics are in
volyed in the perfection of the swivel pillow
and many have doubted whether they could
ever be made 10 do as good work as the old
Landslide implements.
The principal trouble with the swivel pillow
is, that its landing and its dip are neces
sarily the same, and as the latter cannot be
made to exceed certain amount Qor other
wise the pillow would bury itself in a short
distance) the landing cannot be entirely re
gulated by the set OF the pillow, but must, in
part, depend upon the length Of the yoke OF
the eyener.
Now good many farmers do not know
this, and a good many who do know it, will
not take the pains, or so to the expense, to
fit up separate rig for swivel blowing, and
consequently cannot get good work out OF
such pillow.
Another difficulty to be overcome in the
swivel plow, as heretofore made, is that the
cutter, if fixed in the beam, will not be in
line with the share, since the landing changes
from side to side with each reversal. The
result OF this want of coincidence between
cutter and share is to increase the draft and
make the pillow more difficult TO hold
The work upon our farm i. of such a
character as TO make Landslide pillow per-
feet nuisance and we have at every fair, for
number Of years, examined the new styles
of swivel plows, to find one that would obyi-
ate the above named and other difficulties
attached TO the earlier inventions; and os-
pecialy have we looked for one-horsc
swivel that would allow the horse TO 60 in
the furow
a few years ago, when the state fair was
at st. Johnsbury, a plow caught our eye
that seemed likely to I'll the bill On in
quiry, we learned that it was the invention
Of Mr.. Augustus Sanborn, for many years
employed by the Fairbanks, when plow-
making was an extensive department of
their business, and an inventor of great in.
genuity in this line. Since that time, Mr..
sanhorn has been studiously deyoting his
time to improving every detail about these
plows until he thinks he has got perfect
pillow, in which are combined all the merits
of landslide and swivel, without the faults of
either, During the past year, Mr.. sanborn's
plows have been manufactured at an agri-
cultural implement factory in Connecticut,
and have been quite extensively introduced,
under the name of the Charter Oak plow,
though we thiuk the state where they were
invented entitled them rather 10 be named
the Green Mountain"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

either liquid or solid, of the animals fed il
lost by draining away, teaching, or Torment
alton.
The only question To be- considered In re
gard to the waste Of manunal value ia rear
ing young animals (whether upon milk OF
other food produced upon the farm is
whether We are going to get enough for them-
when sold, to replace the phophoric and
potash and nitrogen they have carried away
and leave profit, or not II wecan do that.
and hen DO NET neg'eci 10 bay hack those ar
dcies, cjih,r in fsrai,cu or t,ediHg material
we are not exhausting our land Certainly,
wise dairy farmer viii spend every cent
be receives for.pork aud veal in grain for his
cows. 1t win pay both ways-in an in
creased product Of butter and in compensa-
ting the loss Of fertilizing matter carried off
ia the meat
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29
.for Mf Uonna.


whence docs the wind come, and where does Dc goY
IIe rides DER the waters and over the snow;
Through wood and valley and oei rocky height,
lie means ln iie morning and bellows at night
DER ne he's bending ilie leaves u the tree,
nut how be- can bend them no mortal can secs
fie heaps up the water in hiliows so high.
The, near reach the clouds which he rolls through the sy
suddenly stopping la some cunning nook, NJ =. reS
lie ring. a sharp afum. but Il you should look, 49,. 4,
Nothlng remains when he quits hi. resort.
Bui heap Of dry Leaves he has gathered iu sport.
let him howl DER M, he'll do Ms no harm,
f0r around good nre We are social and wann
Cheerful wen read I'm the evening past
Al guarded aud safe from the wind. chilling blast
Then ven 90 to bed. and when We there,
lie will do A. hc pcas,s and what shall We care?
lie may knock 1T the door but wen not let him I'M
II he drives At the window. wen laugh at his lin.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

The Scientific Farmcr gives some valuable
notes from the lectures Of Professor Goess-
mann, Of the Massachusetts Agricultural
College, the substance Of which we make use
of in this article.
There are two ways Of improving soil.
One is to improve its physical condition, by
drainage tillage, subsoiling, or following.
This develops the plant-food the land all
ready contains, making it soluble 10y the ac-
ton Of the air. moisture and frost but it
does not add anything to this plant-food.
II rather tends to exhaust it, because it ena-
bles the plants 10 take what they need more
rapidly than they would otherwise get 1t.
The other way to improve the soil is chemi-
cally, 10y the addition Of mauwes this, in
connection with the rotation Of crops, can
alone realyenrich our lands with plant-food.
The most costly Of all manurial substances
is nitrogen, and in a rotation the crops ought
10 be selected with view to accumulating
the atmospheric nitrogen. Lcgumnous
plants-clover, peas, beans. aud other deep
rooted and broadeayed plants are known
TO accomplish this object. Such vegetation
is specially adapted to absorb the nitrogen
'ouil,"'u' " '"' aus ANU III ''''S'l "e''''
VI ''s 'uNu'''n. ''"' s'o"'", prevent " waste
'u' '',''',' l,,'''''' W u,s'''o matter III ''''
soil, by shading it, Their deep roots also
A'ia'' ','o n'''os'" ""'','' as "'','o ".'''
lao found H. g.. La attl.l..1 ttl 10 tieste
,'"s 'ou'o us way 10 '''p su"so''' anu y mus
oeSo"" '''e ie'o" VI ''''''o"-',,o.'" l't'''9'
'u',' as '"e e'''a' grams i"''' "''p-
'oo'eu p'an'' ''i''on '"' S"''"'' ~ '''e oN,
pense VI "lo suoSoi' III very 'coNo'i'c"l
manuel i"el "iso III 'n' 80" ny "'o'''S VI
'uei' 'oo's' "nicn arc l'''' III mar es'i''s'
"i'n N'u'" ''7e''''e matter "''''n Is "iie
VI ''' "e9' ways " S'o''l's n'uos'u "uu
o'"o' l'''lV ioou III 'l' '''u' y! '"e ueo"l
al" SUI inning vi '"eae 'oo''' Vl'y 'iso I'M
','' ''''''''''''''' 'o'''''"" VI '''e So'i'
." ie'''ns oPeh' lo'"u'' vi "''''o"'
II mas p'en o"''u'''eu '"'' " crop VI TWO
IONS oi olo'e' nay leaves TWO ana nan IONS
VI i"''' III 'll' Soi' anu c"Ieiu' ~ eiliie''
mas S"'"n ''l't III the Sluooie anu Ioo's Oh
sucn crop 'neIe are contained hov 'esS 'la''
one huhured ana e'snly p"uliua OIL nitrogen
|" Tue ACRE we Aho" "5 ah'llS's 'i'aV an
average crop o' wheat, rye oai'ey OF oats
contains put 'n'r'y-eisnt 70 lor'y'n'e POUNDS
VI "''.oSon per acre 50 'l"' 1t Is easily seen
uo" aoulu'h'iy Clover icy WIN Pro'iue Tue
'e'l'' LOT asucceeu'llS crop OIL 'hese grains
ihe'eloIe' u Is most important tuat Clover
sllouiu form part OIL every rotation ana
u Is also evident no" rapidly clover VIII ana
IN restoring inc prouuo'l'eheSs OF an eN-
hausteu held
~ IN connection WIN thiS use oil "po"er-
lu' acoumuiator oil ier'llizlhS matter III the
iorIn Oh an other"lSe most uSeiui pant we
aud sedulous economy Oh al inalurlal SUD
stances ABOUT the i"r'''' ana especially OF 'ne
nquiu eNcremeht oil our domestic animals
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

PLowING WITH \ SINGLE LINE.-Noth-
ing is surer to spoil horses mouth than
to pillow or cultivate with the reins over the
drivers shoulders. And nothing is easier to
a man with gumption, than to train horse
to go with a single line, as is the universal
custom South and West. 1t can be done
without losing an hours time Suppose
You are cultivating corn or potatoes, driving
with two lines. Tie knot in them so that
the left line is about three inches shorter
than the other; then, when you want your
horse TO 90 10 the left, give a steady pull
and he will "come." When you want to
turn to the right, few quick jerks, and the
word "gee," will do it. If it does not at
first, you still have two lines to work with
But always give the steady pull for "haw,
and the light jerk for "gee," and after three
days teaching you can take off the double
lines and drive with single one wherever
you want to CO. The convenience Of a
single line, tied loosely to the plow-handle,
and used in this way is incalculable, aud it
never will make a horse hard-mouthed.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

TnE EAGIE.-1heyery name, eagle, sounds
grand; and he is q grand bird. Wonderful
for strength, and also for sight--for no can
see at a great distance, and he always seeks
the widest and grandest places for his nest
For food, he helps himself TO whatever he
likes, If lac is strong enough to seize and
carry it away. lie is said to be a good fisher
and can see the fish in the water when at a
great distance There is q story told of A
party who were picnicing and fishing on the
shore Of Cayuga Lake, who, after trying fish.
ing, aud not succeeding in catching any, con.
cluded to go to nice, shady nook, and pic.
mic while on the rocks, when suddenly they
saw an eagle sailing toward them, with a
large fish in his talons. When he was nearly
over their heads, they all gave a Wild yeli
which so frightened the eagle that he dropped
the fish at their feet It was still alive and
weighed three pounds OF course they had
a merry dinner on fresh fish.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29


And SO it was. for little whilei but by
and-by the girls began to run races from the
rocks to the trees They were tired OF bend
| ing down ON thcsand
Look here, kittens ~ called ont Uncle
Henry III agree to do the rest OF the clam
/ digging j youth go and get the dinner ready
up there IN the shade
That was a splendid plan. The girls ran
| in great gleo TO tho boat and lifted out the
| lunch-hasket.
Why don't you leave your hat here in
| the boat y said llntty to Susie " You won't
need i under the trees and You might catch
/ it in the bushes.
That's a real good PLAN said Susy " ]
/ believe viii leave IL here. II IL was my
/ own ! wouldn't care but must hc CAREFUL
/ for It Is Jenny l'mne's hat
/ Then away they went with tine basket
and found % beautiful place under tine trees
| quite q way of IN ,he grove, To spread the
/ feast. II took them quite good while, be-
cause they stopped TO decorate the pies and
biscuits with wreaths of maple leaves.
But at last dinner was all ready, aud they
/ called Uncle Henry who presently appeared
under the trees with pitcher of cool spring
water What fun they had Everything
tasted so good and the birds sang So loud
and they were all 500 merry. Susy thought
it was really the very best time That She had
ever had in her whole life.
"Now,' said Uncle Horny as he rose mp
from the grass, "you can put the dishes
back. aud then come right down Go the boat
| The tide isrising too high for MS to dig very
many more clans and SO we may as well Doe
uo .iroJs ,,,ay t,on"b n,o t.o. ANIL
I.HN j AsaU.a D..
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

RULES roR MILRING.-Ihe following
rules are issued from New York cheese
factory for the use of its patrons aud are
worthy of wider dissemination
First Mich cows should have free access,
at all times, to good running water,
Second--They should never be heated by
being run, stoned or logged
7HTd-'rhe utmost cleanliness should be
observed in milking, and by no means wet
the hands in the milk while milking
Fourth No can OF milk should stand
whore it will absorb the barnyard or stable
odor or any other scent.
FVA-The milk should be strained aud
well aired, Immediately after having been
drawn from the cows.
Siuh-Some arrangement for eifectually
cooling is at all times very desirable, and
when the milk is kept at home over night, is
Indispensable
SerenM Scaldiug all vessels used about
milk at least once a day with boiling water,
and rinsing with cold water at night, is es-
seutial
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

PRofIr ~ PouLrRY,--The Morning Star
says "A young lady in Concord, Mass, says
there is profit in the poultry business She
commenced with about sixty fowls in the
spring. From these She raised four hundred
and fifty chickens. During the season she
sold eggs TO the amount Of ninety dollars,
and from September Goth to January 9th
she got ready for market one hundred and
fifty pairs of chickens, which she sold for two
hundred aud sixty dollars--making, in all,
three hundred and fifty dollars"
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

Early JoE,-One Of the most delicious
apples Of this season is the Early Joe As a
market apple it, size is against it, being not
larger than some Of the improved Siberians,
but in flavor there is no apple which we
would place above it, aud its productive
ness is all that could be desired. 1t requires
high culture 10 get fruit that will all be fair,
it being apt to spot if neglected The tree
appears to be quite hardy even in the cold.
est part Of the state, aud though rather a
slow grower it bears quite young. There
is a spicy, yinous flavor, in this little apple,
which is very attractive aud every orchard
ought TO have a tree or two, for home use.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

sELr-REvERENcE selfknowledge and self
control-these three lead life to sovereign
power
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

The untold mscfics that result from uIaofatt.i, t
early ie may Doe allevmifd and cured hose Who d.i
this assertion should purchase The Medical Morl t
iished by the PEABODY MEDICAL INSTITUTE h. lt,
euttled The Science NJ LIFE or Self lrscryation' Ir,
slN0. vitality Impaired by the error Of Youth o. h.
close application iu business may Dc restored nui mani
ngantd The Institute also publishes be- Philosophy T
Woman and her Diseases Prise 500 The hest ta.f ~
the Kind cxiant Also another valuable medical woft
treating exclusively un Mental and Nervous DIseas,.
than two hundfed royal ugafu pages, twenty orsan
engavlnRs, bound 200 substantial muslin. Price only slo
Barely enough io pay for printing. LonilH k4nrft
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29

AMERICA is ahead of the world in the
manufacture p axes, and the American
shape is being adopted everywhere.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1875-09-29
still Lives!
BURNED our, nut Nor DEAD
WOULD INFORM
Num} "d customers and he public generally that will
olen on May an,


now occupied by Towue and Mckee and directly ann,
I""hri Mnhnry store, one 81 the largest and
The Donaldsonville chief. [volume] (Donaldsonville, La.) 1871-current, 1875-05-22
WILD OATS. WILD OATS.
Prospectus for 1875.
Champion American COMIC PAPER
WILD OATS.

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