davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
For the Union Times.
Idle Moments in an Old Library.

DIR. LEMUEL b. AsKEw lived on the lot now
occupied by Maj. McLure, in 1914, 1915, 1918,
1919, 1920 and 1924, he seems to have an appli-
cant at the old Library for books. From his
Record he was certainly not much of reader.
DR.. Askew was an eccentric man, honest in
his convictions, stubborn in his prejudices, rcti
cent in his disposition without much social feel
ings about him. He was one of those wise
looking men like uncle Billy in the Georgia
Scenes, who never hazarded an opinion which
compromised his judgment. He was a kind
neighbor, devoted in his friendships and eau
tious in the expression of his opinions. He
never had much reputation as a physician. His
record speaks for itself:
Medical Extracts, Encyclopedia, Sherlock on
Death, American Revolution, Buffon's Natural
History, sc.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
H, SOUTH CAROLINA, OCTOBER
For the Times.
FOREIGN CATTLE HAVE LONG HORNS.

For the Times.
FOREIGN CATTLE HAVE LONG HORNS.
Mr.. EDITOR "A good deal of space has
been devoted in our Agricultural journals of
late to maximum crops. People are always
very much taken by statements of crops at
distance, while in their own county per-
haps they could find cases quite worthy of
study.
In tumbling over some old papers few
days ago came across the enclosed Report
of DR.. Ray, of Richland, one of the best
planters OF his day, and one Of the clever
est fellows aud staunchest patriots that
buckled on his sword in the Confederate
service. You will doubtless recognize the
typographical features:
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

JupGE LYNCH AT WoRK.--New Orleans Octo-
Der 15.--The following telegram was received
by the Governor last night:
BATON RouaE, October ID.
Gournor Antonie, New Orleans:
John Gair was arrested here yesterday by
Deputy Sheriff Woodward, charged rs an acces-
sorry in the poisoning of DR.. J. W. Sanders
He was taken by deputy Sheriff and posse to-
wards Clinton. Reports received here say John
Gair was shot to death on the road, and his SIS
ter-in-law hung in the court house square there.
Mrs. Gair IL here, and is not disturbed
HENRY SCHORTER, Mayor.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOIL.

The surface soil embraces three Kinds
No. l, light sandy. No. 2, middliug sandy.
No. 3. clay-not stiff, however, but consid-
erably sitter than No. 2. The subsoil of
No. /, yellow clay, with about 80 per cent.
of sand of No. 2, clay, with GO per cent of
sand, and of No. 3. about 40 per cent, of
sand. The average yield per acre, before
using the manure, were about 400 lbs.
cotton in the seed, and from to IL bushels
corn.
PREPARATION AND CULTIVATION.
The land is broken up with narrow, half
shovel plows, as deep as one mule can
conveniently do it. Then the rows are
laid off with shovel pow, making a deep
furrow-sometime two burrows are run to
insure its being deep. In this furrow the
manure is put-compost, guano, and gypsum,
&C., all together. Upon this furrow lap
furrow, and re-lap furrow, until the bed is
completed. The seed is then planted in
chops made by narrow hoe, and covered
with drag.
PROPORTIONAL MIXTURE OF MANURE FOR
THE GENERAL CROPS.
100 TBS Peruvian Guano, per acre.
so lbs. Gypsum, per acre.
so lbs. salt, per acre.
A full proportion of salt was not used in
the crop of this year, because it was not re-
ceved in time to apply it.
| MODE OF CULTURE OF THE PRIZE ACRES. :.
The one acre plat was planted on the 9th
of April, in rows 81 feet apart, and in chops
19 inches apart. Marnres applied-9O
bushels compost 80 bushels cotton seed, 12O
lbs. Peruvian guano, and 60 lbs. gypsum,
| H. Ill ,,I Of
stated. 1st working. shaved down; I'd,
scraped down; Sd, scraped down again; 4th
middes powed out with scraper plow, and
drawn up wthihoe; 9Th shaved down again;
9th, and last, middles plowed out and drawn
up again.
The two acre plat was planted 25th OF
April in rows 81 feet apart, chops Is inches
apart stalk to the chop. Manurcs applied
-120 bushels compost, l45 bushels cotton
seed, 240 lbs. Peruvian guano, 12O lbs gyp
sum. Cultivation just the same as the one
acre plat.
) The five acre plat was planted in rows J
feet inches apart, and in chops IL inches
, apart, one stalk to the chop. Manures ap
plied-150 bushels compost, (per acre) 12'
, lbs Peruvian guano, 60 Tbs. gypsum, ant
E 20 lbs. sail. First shaved down, then plowe'
., out, and drawn up three times.
. The ten acre plat was manured in tn
: same way, planted in the same way, an
cultivated in the same way, in every partit
8 ular.
DR.. RAY attaches the greatest importanc
= to good stand. 1t is in vain to expect
maximum crop without having the requisit
! number Of plants upon the ground and h
d has been able to secure this by no proce:
so uniformly as by planting in the chops.
AREA IN CULTIVATION.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
An lnauranoa Bombahell.

A convention of Insurance Commissioners and
was held in New York last week.
We learn from the New York papers that the
harmony of the body was unpleasantly disturbed
by Commissioner JOHN A. FINCH, of Indiana,
who quietly dropped the biggest kind of a bomb
shell plump into the midst of the body The
order of the day was the delivery of addresses
When Mr.. FINCH's turn came he made COM
pact, logical argument, intended to show his COL
leagues the errors under which the whole system
of Life Insurance has been laboring for many
years past. He contended that the contract for
life insurance is the most one-sided known in
business; that it binds the policy holders rs with
q chain of rivetted steel, and the company as
with a rope of sand that the companies have
every advantage of the policy holder in regard
to payments Of dividends, the satisfaction OF
claims, the elections of agents and solicitors
that the responsibility for contracts is shifted
from solicitor to general agents, from general
agents to the companies, and from the companies
back again that the companies ''sit in mystic.
ry and speak in technical phrases" and that
when policy is forfeited or lapses from any
cause, "the holder receives what the company
graciously will give"
This, remarks the Brooklyn Argus, is a stern
indictment, striking at the root of the present
system of conducting the life insurance business.
BY way of remedy Mr.. FINCH proposes the
passage of new general law, which shall make
all life policies nonforfeiable after the first pay
ment, COMPEL the companies to be responsible
for the acts of accredited agents and solicitors
permit no defense at law for fraud in applica-
,tions after the lapse Of five years, and make a
contract between company and holder as binding
as any other contract. This proposition is suffi-
.ciently sweeping to stir the whole life insurance
interest to its foundations II will please the
great mass Of people who are policy holders
and it will displease good many Of the compa'
mics who have figured conspicuously in the law
Courts in contests over claims. But, consider
ing the fact that there are in the State of New
York alone more than 100000 holders Of life
policies in the different grades, and the addi
tional facts that this vast army of the pruden
are insured to the amount of 81, 600 600, 900, th
new departure suggested by the Indiana Com
missioner becomes at once o subject of popular
interest. The bold defense Of the policy holder
will naturally make Mr.. FINCH the leader in
new agitation. The companies will be hear'
in due time-Chronicie and Sentinel.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
NUMBER 43.

MELTON AND SMALLS.--It did seem
queer that so eminent Reformer as Mr..
Attorney General Melton should have al
lowed live mulatto Congressman, charged
with fraud, to slip through his fingers; but
it could be urged. that his powerful mind
was occupied in reviewing the Parker trial,
and that he really thought the case was in
good hands aud needed no particular atten-
ton. A remorseless correspondent of the
Columbia Register, Mr.. Edwin +. Garys
cuts this ground from under our feet, and
places the Attorney General in very ugly
light-for a Rcformer. Mr.. Gary was the prin-
cipal witness, Cor the State, ag inst Con-
gressman Smals. On the morning of the
trial, Reformer Melton Gas Attorney .deusr-
aD announced his Withdrawal from the case.
This left the case in the hands Of Solicitor
Runkle, who asked for continuance, and
said that the Witnesses were not present.
Although the case came over from previ-
Gus term, noue of the witnesses had been
summoned to appear. Judge Carpenter in
sisted that the trial should 90 on. Mr..
Gary was examined, but no questions were
put that would bring out the important facts
that he knew, and what he wanted to tell
he was prevented from telling. Result
the acquittal Of Smalls. Cause.-The with
drawal of Reformer Melton from the case.
Had he remained in Court, he must, for his
own sake, have conducted the prosecution
vigorously. 1t was easier to withdraw and
think of Judge Mackey and ex-Troasurer
Parker. So Smalls escaped; Smalls, who
is not "dead duck" like Parker, but a
popular Radical, member Of Congress,
who carries a big slice of the vote of Beau
fort County in his capacious pocket.-Ners
and Courier.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
HENRY BERNHARD.

Henry Bernhard was portly, fine looking
iGfat'flaa 4 i'saia u H.
,position.-one who enjoyed life and/troubled
himself very little about what might turn up in
.the future. He lived in the house now occu-
pied by Mr.. Moses-the upper part being used
:as the Dwelling House," the lower part as
,store-room.
Mr.. Bernhard was in partnership with the
late Clough s. Sims-Sims finding most of the
capitol and Bernhard the business qualifications.
After q few years of apparently prosperous
business, Mr.. Sims found out that the funds had
been applied to other purposes than the pay
ment Of the Firms Indebtedness and that he
was left to foot the bill.
We don't know what became of Bernhard
He does not seem to have cared much for books
Very light reading constituted his pabulem.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

The Barnwell County Tax Union meets
on sales-day in November. At the meeting
delegates to the State Union, to meet during
the same month, are to be elected.
We should like to see this body revived.
Are other counties moving in the matter 7
The Tax Union can do much if it will take
hold Of things in earnest But unless it
does that, it had better not meet at all.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
average per hand would be fraction over
COST OF FERTILIZERS.
S2,947 90
VALUE OF THE CROPS.
S25,936 As

It is unnecessary % make any comments
the figures speak for themselves. and
prove beyond doubt that DR.. Rays success
in planting has been the result of good
management, and the liberal use of good
fertilizers. and not, as it has been stated,
by the cultivation of large area to the
hand. r. j. GAGE, Sec'y.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

"Vhat's all this talk about the courrency
and the five.twinties and the swim -thrties
that hears about, Mike?' "Why, bliss
your sowl, don't ye know, Pat2 1t names
that the Government wants to makesthe
laborin' min work from fve-twinty in the
mornin' till vin.thirty in the avening."
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

1t is said that Brigham Young has ac-
quired the title of general from having been
called "Briggy dear" so often by his nu-
merous wives.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29
DIR. D. w. RAYS REPORT.

MIR. EDITOR :-Will you do me the kind
ness to publish the result of DR.. Rays
planting operations in 1860, as submitted
to the State Agricultural Society," Dr.
Ray cultivates one ofthe poorest plantations
in the Fork, (Richland,) but he has demon
strated, satisfactorily to himself and his
neighbors, that by the liberal application of
Guano, Gypsum and barn-yard fertilizers, he
can secure maximum crops, and that the
land does not deteriorate under their use
The soil is sandy, with yellowish clay
subsoil. There must be some popularity in
this SOIL which secures uniformity in results,
for in all our experience we have not been
able to attain anything like certainty from
the use of Guano. Its beneficial effects
seem to have been established throughout
that fat, sandy region below Columbia,
resting upon cold clay subsoil; aud the
soils in the back country which have (econ-
omicalIy) responded to its application. have
been, as far as we can learn, of this charac-
ter. We have heard of very few successful
experiments upon the clay lands in the up
country.
TO DIR. d. w. RAY, OF RIcHLAND.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

Why is a doctor better taken care of
than his patients? Because, when he goes
to bed, somebody is sure to rap him up.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

MAKE no vows to perform this or that.-
1t shows no great strength, and makes thee
ride behind isyself
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

A Kansas girl says nothing makes her
so mad as to have grasshopper crawl up
and down her back just as her lover has
COME % the proposing point.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

"Is the Colonel here ?" shouted man,
sticking his head into Kansas City street
car. "He is," answered thirteen men as
they rose up.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

A MANS HEAD BLOWN OFF.--MEM-
puIs, October 21.-Dr. Ballard, formerly
of texas, residing near Marion, Arkansas,
while riding with lady Yesterday afternoon,
was waylaid and shot by man named An
dreHs, Who fred one barrel of a shot gun at
the doctor, the charge taking effect in his
neck and face and knocked him off his
horse. After falling, Ballard asked An
drews to raise him up, which he did, in
sitting posture, and then placing the gun
near his head discharged the other barrel,
literally blowing Billiards. head off. An
drews then went to Marion and surrendered
himself to the authorities. Andrews had
been employed by Ballard few days before
Ballard had knocked him down twice.
Ballard is represented as having been vio-
| lent man. and had on Sunday last wayaid
and shot his wife's nephew, Andrew Frazer.
FIVE GRADES OF OATs.--NEw York,
October 2O-The Committee on Grain of
the New York Produce Exchange has de-
cided to establish FIVE grades Of oats
white high mixed, No. 2, No. 3 and no
grade White oats shall be bright, sound,
clean, free from other grain, and shall weigh
not less than thirty-two pounds to the mea-
sured bushel; high mixed oats shall be two
thirds white and equal to No. 2 in all other
respects; No. 2 oats shall be sound, reasona-
bly, clean, aud reasonably free from other
grain; No. 3 oats shall be fit for warehous-
ing, otherwise unequal to No. 2; no grade
shall include all oats damp, unsound, dirty
or from any other cause unfit for No. 3.
The committee will proceed at once to es-
tablish grades for corn, wheat and other
grains.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

A VETERAN REUNION ,npru
N. j., October 19.-The Veteran union
here today surpassed anything ever ban in
this city. At Waverly Gems. KilpaSSck.
Prior, Halstead and Seigel, and Capt. b.
wards, Confederate, and Capt. Ropes deliv-
cred addresses, and there were recitations of
music, &C. Returning from Waverly, they
were witnessed by ten thousand citizens.
The whole city was ablaze with lime lights,
torches, fireworks and transparencies. The
line marched through Broad street and
countermarched to the Sheridan House,
where there was a large display Of fireworks,
and addresses were delivered from the bal
cony by Capt. Edwards, Gen. Halstead,
Capt. Townsend and Rev. Mr. KieffeH A
grand supper and entertainment was given
10 the invited guests at Sheridan House to-
night.
The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, 1875-10-29

Ex-Governor Horatio Seymour, of New
York, wrote as follows in letter declining
an invitation to attend the Georgia State
Fair: "In 6vc years from this time the
census will show our numbers to be more
than fifty millions. The day, then, is dawn
ing when the lands Of the South will be
greatly lifted up in value. have given
much time and thought to the agricultural
condition of the United States. 1 have
travelled extensively, and have examined
with care into the Industrial interests of all
sections, and am confident that hereafter
the South will get large and growing
share of those who are seeking new homes
either from Europe or from the older States
of the Union. This food.tide will bear
with it wealth and varied industries. I
pray for the day 1&hen tho SOUTH shall be
nTos ID @assured pervadiog well
farS ", I'D 'o''.-s secttsas of our Union"
Ihese are Ns words of a statesman, and
should DO ponde.sd by the people of the
North leagued with he Radicals for nur.
poses inimical to our wsh,re and well.doinr
The Somerset press. [volume] (Somerset, Ohio) 1873-1977, 1875-03-12
Growth of the West.

OF the extent to which sectional
strength in Congress has been changed
within the last twenty years, the follow
ing returns will bear witness: In 1871
the members of the Senate from New
England and the Middle States com
prised more than one-third of the whole
number; in 1874 they comprised less
than one fourth. In 1854 the House
was made up of T6 members from the
South, SO from the West, and 80 from
the Middle States and New England; to-
tai, 2l4 In 1874 the House was made
up of Sc from the South, 104 from the
West, and 102 from the Middle States
and New England; total, 292. The
Western States have nearly doubled
their membership; the New England
States have lost one member, and the
Middle States have gained four; the
South Counting West Virginia as a
Southern State) has gained ten members.
If Colorado and New Mexico should be
admitted as States, the relative strength
of the West, especially in the Senate
will be still further increased. The
ruling power of the country is thus
passing away from the "old thirteen
and their near neighbors, and is being
absorbed by the more rapidly growing
population of the West. But this
change involves no more danger Of sec.
tional legislation than existed when
New England and the Middle States
held the ruling power. 1t may be ex
pected, however, to somewhat influence
the general drift of legislation.-[Ph Phil
adelphia Ledger.
The Somerset press. [volume] (Somerset, Ohio) 1873-1977, 1875-03-12

In 1872 the official census gave France
only Sc, ,1O2, ,921 inhabitants. In the six
years preceding the population had de-
creased over a half of million, although
no emigration drained from il, and the
tendency is downward every year. In
1871 deaths exceeded births by one
third-wars and bad government pro-
ducing stagnation and perdition.
The house of Daniel Crnmley, at Lam
caster, Ohio, was struck by lightning
Friday night, and Mrs. Crumley was
rendered insensible by the shock.
Sam Howard, Jr., ticket agent Of the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Zanes-
Vile, is alleged to be defaulter TO the
company in the sum of $4,000.
The President will Immediately Issue
stringent orders to prevent new Black
Hills expeditions from entering that
country. There is much dissatisfaction
that previous orders have been disobey-
The Somerset press. [volume] (Somerset, Ohio) 1873-1977, 1875-03-12
The Black Hills.

Extensive preparations are on foot IN
Chicago and other Western cities for
emigration to the Black Hills as soon as
spring opens The fact that gold exists
there ia sufficient to set hundreds of ad-
venturous men on the road. The in
ducement is such that no menaces of ar
rest or punishment will deter them. 1t
is understood that the President will at
tempt to enforce the order issued by
General Sheridan last fall, in spirit and
letter, and that military expeditions
will be sent out to turn back the tide of
migration to the gold region. But this
makes no difference. The preparations
to invade the territory go on without
concealment, and it is questionable
whether the Government has sufficient
force at its command to effectually check
the movement.
Should trouble ensue, as is possible,
and another Indian war follow this dis
regard of treaty stipuIations. the respon-
fibility will rest with the Administra-
ton which permitted Custer to enter the
Black Hills and report upon their min
eral wealth. That expedition had for
its ostensible object the discovery Of
military routes and the designation of
military posts. There was pretense of
scientific acquisition also, and there was
a show of fossil hurting and botanizing
to make the pretense good. But its real
object, as we said AT the time, and as
those best advised of the genuine mo-
tive, was 10 determine whether the re-
ports Of gold having been found in the
Black Hills country were correct.
While Custer was capering over the
country and writing gorgeous accounts
of its fertile and fowery valleys, its
beautifully wooded hills, and its springs
Of ever living water, the prospectors
were busy searching IN every direction
for the precious metals Some gold was
found, sufficient in quantity TO excite
the imaginations Of many, who stood
ready to brave the severity of the win
ter, and the perils of Indian attacks,
| for the fortunes concealed in the aurif-
erous soil. Clusters expedition had
hardly returned before an organized
| company of adventures had started for
| the Hills. Sheridan's order did not de-
ter them, and his troops did not arrest
them. They spent the winter in the
forbidden country, built huts and stock
AIDES, and put themselves in position and
condition to remain. Two of their num-
Der recently made their way back to
civilization, and the intelligence they
brought with them has infamed the am
bition of hundreds who will soon be on
the way TO the Hills.
We suspect the result will be that
which has characterized all Indian trea-
ties. They will be broken by those who
possessing higher civilization, and pro-
Tossing a code of morals unknown tc
savages, should be the last to violate the
obligations assumed for them by then
representatives. The Black Hill coun-
try will be invaded, the Indians subdued
after a struggle, and the lands reserved
to them will be taken from them, and
they be forced to accept reservations sc
poor in the quality of the soil and il
mineral treasures as not to excite the
cupidity of white -[Cincinnati
Commercial.