, 1875-07-04
os,aarvations Of Life and Man
ners in the Ancient
Empire.
The journey from Shanghai to 70
kohama-Results Of Com
petition.
e-,ef Historical Resume---The War
Of The Tycoon and Mikado.
p.fhos and Bathos Poured Out Over the
Famous Inland Sea.
n,.neo Blending Of Religious and See
ul2r lnterests--Buddhist1 and
Shintoos.

nlar 1nterests-~Buddhist4 and.
Shintoos.
s,.esd Correspondence af 7hs Chicago Trbtne.
VA, japan, MAY al take advantage OF
-. fsty at Tpkio's mails, which leave Yokohama
~. this evening for san Francisco, to send you
afes notes On -.....-..
FA6AsAE1 AND YEDo.
r. .stod where in this year Of Cur Lord 1875
. osrsou Of moderate income. but afflicted with
..;.nrn.n tastes and 4 healthy digestion, could
~, tho cheapest OF, to speak more clasaically,
aonn ret the most bread With ono 5sh-ball, I
amid unhesitatingly answer, Z" Take passage
:. cooa 10 Yokohama, and spend the rest Of
-.,.- natural life in sailing back and forth be-
s.r Yokohama and Shanghai" trust that
-. ;cfo,nation contained here will not reach
,,,.,,x. A. il it does, that vast army OF decayed
.,;n.t-rs ruaiden aunts, and retired half-pa3
.mo.rr. who havc for the past half century
6.,o,a m ]easl been hove1ing on the ragged edge
~ ths sooond-class pensions in Switzerland,
-.oat|d rush over here en- maase, and rates be
;,st.nt.y rsieed. The distance from Shanghai
- Yokohama is about 1900 miles The time
t,tsn by steamers to make this distance is about
1;eht days, which includes stoppages to receive
~ discharge freight Of from twenty-four to
foety-sieht hours, 1t the ports OF Nagasah aud
H;oro The old fare, frst-clasu, before the
a.y. Of opposition, was $85. About three
Months sRo company OF Japanese mer-
.b,nts, backed By the Japanese Govern
},nsut, E1o&ning under :he excessive high 1atea
~ freight and passage. between those ports,
urch.sed four OF fve large side-wheel steamers.
md commenced running III opposition Line be-
Yokohama and Shanghai The rates of Passage
iostantlv dropped 10 ESQ. then to 1856, and now
thsy .se reduced to t2o. From present ap-
nesranoes these 1uinous rates will continue until
tho money Of ono or the other Company il ex-
h,usted, contingency which the travelling pub
lie hope may long bs deferred
Ilett Shanghai Oh tie eyen1ng OF the 9Th inst.
in the Pacific Nail stesmship Golden Age, and
arrived 1t Nsgasasi, the FIRST souther1y port in
Japan, after very rough and stormy passage
ACROSS THE YELLOW SEA
Of forty hours This Yellow Sea has the deserved
reputation Of being the stormiest sea known to
pavigasors. In its stlllcst moments it can
double Discount any motion either OF twisting.
rolling. or pitching, that the English Channel or
ths Bay Of Biscay eau get up, eTeu in November
q March, and will back it 1t long odds for pro-
ducing more eea-sckness in the same time than
any other water IN tho world
Is one for tho first time comes in sight Of the
sLups Of Japan, naturally enough there come
thronEng into the mind OF d visitor the many
wonderful changes that this strange land and
people have undergone during the last three
centuries. or, rRther, during the past decade and
/ hAH !; for the changes undergone here in the
pss. fifteen years have been greater than during
be preceding 800 years. do not propose in
tha letter affecting you With An abridged his
tuJ Of Japan, bat it is difficult to touch upon
hs metont condition socially or otherwise OF
this people without brief allusion to the past.
THE ENr1Ef OF JAPAN,
u xe learned from our school biographies, com
P1ses the island OF KiuHiu with NagasaE AZ its
chief town; the email island OF Sikok; the cen~
usa and largest Of the group ia N;phou, from
which our word Japan is corruptly derived, With
Isdo and Kioto as the capitals. Yesso, the
most oorther1y Of the group. is cold and bleak
hland, covered with primitive forests, and in
habted By 1ace Of aborigines who are eemi-
stvages. The aggregate POPULATION OF this En-
piso ia about three quarters large ss the pres
eat population OF The Uuited Statos- The great
mass Of its population reside between the par
alel. Of 80 deg. and 10 deg, aad its climate is
one Of tho heaithiest and most delight
ful in the world, barring it's frequent
sarthquakes and typhoons which arc less de.
sructive to life aud property than foreigners are
I'D to believe. That portion Of the Empire
south OF :he 4oth parallel is Is desirable in q
climatic point Of view ~ can be found in the
world, Below this parallel the sugar-cane is
cultivated with success, And rice yields twe har-
7esta per annum, and constitutes, ~ in China
and 1ndis, the chief article Of food. According
n situation. uheht and barley are grown to
limited e1teut, aud vegetables as we'll Cotton
and tobacco are pretty largely produced, and the
searplsnt Ia very extensively cultivated.
HISTORICAL
Tho Portuguese toward the and Of the six
teenth century had established factories in and
aeaz Nsgaaaki aud they reaped golden harvest
fron their initial attempts At commerce with
japan Tho Portuguese we're driven ont
b the Dutch, who established their
int factories at DetaimA near NagasAki.
IN 1858. This was about the time
Of tho fearful maasacres o: the native Christians
1t ind near Easssaki Of which the phlegmAtic
antil 1854, 1 period Of ovet two centuries, Jauan
as LIKE ecated book to all Foreigners except
ne Dutch who were kept under the htricteet sur
feiauoa IN the littie island Of Detaima. The visit
q Commocore Pe11y's American squadron in
as94. what it ccomplished and the results there
o. ire Ill too familiar to be alluded to here. In
tae sutnmn ef 1853 at the close Of the foreign
sr against China, the English and French Gov
Gnmeuia, under the moral suasion OF powerful
kaanoata &ud tklllful Ambassadors, elected
nneatJ With Japan. or rather wltb the Tycoon.
o!oes Powers effected like treatieB shortly after
sNoa. Bv these treaties three treaty ports we're
Teoed Observation-Disclosures, Yokohama, aad
nsSa9Sad,-to which were afterwards added Hogo
s ~ ansa:2- For seven centuries, ending with
5aas 1853, the Empire Of japan h&s had
TWO RULERS.
~ one ~ called the Mlkado, Son OF the
oooA aud was the spiritual Emperor; the 9th
~ tho 6osun, incorrectly styled the Ty-
~ :. Who WIS the temporal Sovereign. That
sas @s1e existed during this long period rivalry
~ ~ enothered hatred between tnese rulers and
Sse4 5esainern is nov well known It is true it
long time in eliminating. but, neverthe-
IA 1hA UnVeJe nf enlnrsY did hreAk mt 1ntn