The Dallas weekly herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1873-1885, 1875-07-17

~ cstablishinga liberal and pro.
grcssive government, throughout
tho entire pcninsnlar, and depend
cnt inands. About sixteen short
years ago, the American traveller
found Italy divided into numerous
petty Kingdoms, dukcdoms and
principaIilics; and with the exccp-
ton of Sardinia, each dominated
by II race OF hereditary rulers,
whose principle of government
was to hold their subjects in
subsection with the bnyonct,
squeeze ms much money out
Of them as possible, Along the
northern boundary, from the Swiss
lakes to the Adriatic, Austria held
Lombardy in the grasp Of her mail
ed hand, and the City'oi the doges,
once the mistress Of the commerce
Of Eastern Europe, groaned under
the rule Of the rapacious carpet bag.
gers of Vienna. Further South,
Tuscany, the native land Of Dante
and Michael Angelo and Gallelio,
was tyranized over by its grand
duke, IN oti-shoot OF the long Tipped
Hapsburgcrs. Still further South
ward, degenerate descendant of
Henry w., of France, played the ty,
rant over magnificent Naples and
fruitful Sicily; and in the Eternal
City itself, the people, no longer the
naughty race, whose eagles, in.
scribed with the proud $. p. q. r.,
Ohc Senate and PEOPLE Of Romc),
and borne in triumph through
out the civilized world, row groan-
ed under II government, whose head,
however pa;ernal and infaIible, as II
spiritual ruler, had, in the course Of
centuries, reduced the country, out
side of tho walls Of Rome, to Il
desert, and the people within them
10 panpor'sm, As for liberty, it no
where existed, except in gallant lit
tie Sardinia.
Who're the Maratine Alps slope
down to the Liguran plains, wa
tered by the turbulent Pc, is
situated the beautiful city Of Tur.
in, which, unit! about sixteen years
ago, was the capital Of the only free
country in Italy. Brave little
Sardinia of all the countries Of that
beautiful land, had kept alive the
spirit Of liberty. With boundaries
contcrmincus with those of Aus.
TRAN LOmbardy, the Government
Of Vienna, then perhaps the most
powerful III Europe, WAS unceasing
in its open attacks and secret in.
trigues, against n State which set so
pcrnlcious an example of liberty to
the down-trodden subjects Of other
Italian governments. But fortu-
nately for Italian liberty and unity,
Sardinia had Il ruler, who was not
only brave in the field, but was wise
in council. Besides, he had for
prime minister, the abIest states.
man Of this century. Although the
anlithcsis Of Bismarck, in his funda-
mental theories Of Government,
Cavour was like the great PrusSian
in his far reaching schemes for ma
tiOnal unity. Ii WAS with him the
great central idea, around which,
revolved all his craftsmanship. In
1888, he visited Paris, and so magi-
cal was the influence of his genius
ever Ionis Napoleon and his minis
tcrs, that TIE alliance between
France and Sardinia, which the
next spring, eliminated in the joint
declaration Of war against Austria,
was concluded. At Magenta and
SOjfcrino the allies, broke the grasp
Of Austria upon Italy, and effected
the annexation OF Lombardy to
Sardinia.
Then followed in rapid succession
the annexation Of Tuscany, by the
popular suffrage Of the Tlscans,
and the removal Of the cay ital to
Florence; the extraordinary exploits
of Garabaldi, which read moro like
the tales of the Arabian Nights
than sober history; the annexation
of Naples and Scicily, and little
later Of sanitia.
The flag o! Italy pow foated over
every foot of the Italian soil, except !
over the misgoverned and impOver-
lshod Campagna and City Of Rome.
Here the perlidy or weakness OF
Louis Napoleon, assisted, perhaps,
by the religious bigoiry of Eugene,
had stayed the triumphant march !
Of the army of free Italy. Bat the /
of Sedan opened the |
gates of the Eternal City to Victor
and now. for the first time,
since the days of the Caesars, the
whole of Italy and the adjacent is
lands are united under one govern
ment. Not, "a OF old, under a gov
arnment of consuls, pr@tors and
empcrors. whose ministers were /
bands, and whose insig-
MIA of Office was bundle Of rods
wit. tae nx, but govern
ment with a coast,tGtional king,
parliament and magistrates, Who
acknowledge their responsibility 10