The daily gazette., 1875-04-14
FIRST EDITION
SOUTH AMERICA.
LECTURE by Mr.. AUcHlNCLOSS,
AN INTERESTING DESCRIPTION
OF BRAZIL.

TINE WEALTH OF ITS PRoDUcTs-THE VA !,
LUE OF IT'S COMMERCIAL RELATIoNs--AN
INVITING FIELD FOR AMERICAN ENTBR- |
PRIZE.
Last evening special meeting of
the Board of Trade was held, to hear
w. G. Auchincloss lecture on "The
importance of extending our CONNER
cial Relations with South America. y
The lecture was delivered by Mr.. An
chincloss in response to request made
by the Board some time since.
The room was hung around with
NUMEROUS PHOTOGRAPHS, OF BRAZIL
IAN SCENERY,
public buildings, cities and prominent
personages. On table, was laid for
inspection, copies OF the principal daily
and weekly papers of Brazil and thirty
one varieties of polished native woods.
The audience was composed of all the |
prominent busines men of the city.
The lecturer was introduced by Mr.. |
Fl. Mendinhall and after making few |
remarks on the close connection be-
tween our country and South America
both by geographical and civil ties,
he said that he would especially direct
the attention of his auditors to Brazil.
From his interesting and exhaustive
description of this country, we take
the following:
BRAZIL HAS AN AREA OF
3,14O, 900 square miles, embracing one
quarter of the entire area of the Wes-
tern Hemisphere. The main portion
of tits a mountainous region. 1t has
vast sea coast. and is well supplied
with harbors, having AZ. The work
4 hac a rbora ia n n qfa Mt
ly going on, and they are now receiv-
ing the attention of an eminent Eng
lish engineer.
There is abundant opportunity for
river navigation. The river Amazon
is navigable for 3640 miles, and with
its tributaries for thirty thousand three
hundred miles. The products Of the
area of country navigated by means,
of these rivers, find depot at Para,
from whence they are exported by the
many steamship lines. In 1857, the
river Amazon was opened free to the
commerce of the world. Branches of
the equatorial current runs along the
N. E. and s. E. coasts, equaliz:ng the
temperature. The climate is very
healthy but yellow fever sometimes
prevails in the sea coast towns, 81 de
grees Fahrenheit is the mean temper
ature prevailing in the valley of the
Amazon.
The flora is varied, there being II,
600 species of trees and plants. Th'
name Brazil comes from Brazed woo(
adye wood of red celor; the wore
meaning flame or fire. Turning iron
the beauties and wonders of the vege
table kingdom, we find the countr,
equally wealthy in
A MINERALoGICAL POINT OF VIEW.
Among tho precious stones found ar
diamonds, emeralds; sapphires, rubie
ehalcedeny and agates.
The precious metals arc gold, silver
palladium and iridium. Lead, me-
curry. tin and copper is found. Iro
is in great abundance or superio
quality. Coal has lately been disco
cred and there is reason to belive thu
oil will be found as abundant as
Pennsylvania, Scotch.pig, and chile
iron
HAVE TO BE IMPORTED.
Coal is almost entirely importt
from England costing at Rio Janei
S12 per ton in gold.
With an area equal to the Unit
States the population is only one four
and great inducements are offered
emigrants.
Slavery is gradually being abolish
children of slaves being free,
THE DIVISION OF BRAZIL
is into 90 grand divisions: not inclu
ing Rio Janeiro which benrs the saI
relation to them as the District
Columbia does to our States.
The religion is Roman catholic tol
ant towards other religions, dissent,
being debarred from no part of
Government.
The government is an heridatC
monarchy, and was explained by
lecturer at length, that all might {
its liberal character, and not be unt
the impression that it was despo
Coast Navigation is protected by
large and 10 small lighthouses. N
line of steamships are encouraged,
$4,000, being yearly given in 81
sides. There is
AN INVITING FIELD FOR AMERICAN
TERPRIZE
here, and is constantly increasing.
are about 500 miles nearer Brazil,
water lines, than England. The r
way era has Just dawned on the co
try, there being US yet but few trl
lines.
Here railways are more numere
and pay WELL Telegraghic comm
cation is maintained between the
coast towns by ocean cables, and t
are connected by cable, with
Thomas which has long been in c
munication with the United State
The Press receives much encour'
ment and nearly every province hi
dozen newspapers.
Education is fully appreciated,
means of making good citizens,
receives liberal appropriations.
AS manufacturers are still in t
infancy, the importations are he'
There are as yet, no paper mills in
country.
AN EXCELLENT MARKET FOR Am
CAN MACHINERY