davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16
NOVEMBER
A reputation of Fiffy Years in the past is
"A gutranrees of fie future. See the special
features with
greatest Show on Earth.

Has been recognized and 'remodeled and
rejuvepafed throughout the campaign OF
ISIS. at the extraordinary outlay OF over
200,U00 po.lsrsf Rendering IL the most
completes, attractive and remarkable ex-
hibifion the management has ever pre-
scented to the public. The Mammoth Show
comprises, among its most prominent
features, a
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16

Uen- Ewlng. OF Ohio. puts the mat
Ter very forclDly in a few words, as FOL
lows
The enemies Of the greenbaek are
thusc who deny its character us money
and talk Of it as though it was dis
honored bond for payment; who ig-
more the fact that no human beinge ever
took it as promise to pay, but that
everyb body takes it solely because it is
equally with gold. the money Of our
constitution and laws; because it pays
all debts, exchanges for all values, does
everything which gold can do in all
the varied business of life except only
paying duties on imports. To wrest
this acceptable constitutional currency
from the people, as the Republican
leaders now promise TO do by their re-
sumption law-pile up four hundred
millIons more OF bonded debt; toshrink
the present volume OF currency to the
little measure of bank currency which
can under present conditions be Kept
redeemablc in gold, and t. us immediate
the business of the countryen the altar
ofspecle payment-werea crime against
civilization. for which the party at
tempting ii will 60 down amid the ex-
ecratlons of an impoverished people.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16
LOUISVILLE ANDNAsHvrLLEA ND
GREAT SOUTHERN RAILROAD.

GOING NORTH.
Train No. arrives and leaves at li:s5 P. N.
Train No. leaves at 2:27 =. NJ
GOING SOUTH.
Train No. arrives al 500 ?. NJ.
Train No. arrives and leaves at 6:i5 A. N.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16
FASHIONS and GOLD COIN PRESENTS!

NC. Up Ihls CostuEe Wis !ne H.nIIa.'ot -
of all It is Of those styles that Is sure TO Xxx
please, especially as 10 appropriate for any <J%A
material, and requires less goods 10 make than "A
any other suit af equal beauty. II Is one OF the 81
leading costumes OF city. The stout lady ~ S ~
will find it possesses Just the secret charm thar v<
improves her figure, while the slight or perfect ~ 80
form may feel they vsntaseousiy tf@i
attircd The waist is the regular tablicr shape; s
the oyerskirt Is drzped to lorna wide ruile each
side OF the sash, which may be OF the S<L;tS IN
same or Ribbon Requires ID yards OF ~ sf><(f sA
inch goods for ntire suit. No. Of waist, MI sA
3723; pattern with cloth model. Is cts z< &AsSyE53
No. of oyerskirt, 312i; pstern with go W.
cloth model. Is cts. No. ofunderskrt R9543l1S<
3725 pattern with cloth model 80 cts z%4&s ~
Mailed On receipt az price. AE47 >zEes~s5
9th Models Of fhe ENTIRE [E1z/<$ AI&z5Hf7-r><5f ~
as PREMIUM % any prr-sn Es=z=<<f45E
pue years ubscri ption the
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16

Each complete in itself. and, taken to-
z ther the immense concern il 50 vast in
its proporiin ions that il does not move ~ the
common means adopted by smaller con-
Germs, but requires. instead. several special
trains to transport IT rom one city 10 an
on her.
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16
THE IMMENSE MENAGERIE,

Among its myriads of wonderful Animals
and monsters, contains generous contribu-
lions from Land. Sea and Air, and from eV-
cry cline in Europe, ASIA, Africa and
America, showing the marvellous and awe
Inspiring handiwork OF the Onnipoteht
Creator. Among the special novelties will
be exhibited
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16
Smiths Illustrated Pattern
Bazaar.
Sample Copy. 25 Cents.
One Dollars worth of Patterns given TO
each subscriber free as premium.
COIN TO GIVE AWAY F.!

We will give $500 90 in GOLD COIN Ia
I:iS persons who send Us the largest mum
Der OF subscribers TO our sfSazaar, at STU
each, before March /. 1874
A. faisOws: To the Gefter-up or the
Clarksville weekly chronicle. (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1873-1890, 1875-10-16
Fereible Language.

Gen. Ewing. Of Ohio. puts the mat
ter very forciDiy in few words, as fol-
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
coMPULsORY EDUCArJoN

England approves the compulsory
education she has recently attained. al
though many among the parents and
employers of the children endeavor to
evade it. France is contemplating a
similar step Italy has moved toward it
Spain debated it and Germany sought
to perfect a system that was very COM
plete before. In this country Pennsyl-
vania insists more strenuously on the
education of all New York has made
education compulsory, and found the
need for new school 1-houses, and some of
the Southern States are introducing the
precedent. The Legislatures of Illinois
and Indiana are debating the same ques-
ton, and those formerly unaware of the
arguments in its behalf are shaken by
finding how strong they are. It cannot
be said that there has ever been any
want of interest in the subject in the
older States. They have realized the
necessity of general education for politi-
cal, industrial, moral and every use The
interest has not extended as it should
have done In some new States, and has
been baked in not a few Of the older.
Facts show that the remedy is being ap-
piled on no mean scale, and we may well
hope that our records of iHiteracy will
be reduced everywhere, and that the
benefits of this reduction will be as wide
ly felt,
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
IMPORTANT LEGAL DEcrs1oN

An important decision, concerning the
Liability of railroad companies for valua-
bles intrusted to their care as personal
baggage. has been rendered by the Su-
preme Court of Illinois In the case of
w. ]. Carrow vs. the Michigan Central
Railroad Company. In this case q trunk
containing jewelry and vallables to the
amount Of about $50, 600 was DESTROYED
by the burning of the baggage car. Suit
to recover the value of the property was
brought in the lower court, and iudr-
ment given against the company. An
appeal was taken to the Supreme Court.
and the Judgment reversed. The court
held that the company's contract was for
the carrying of the passenger and the
ordinary amount of personal baggage.
and that. as no notice had been given by
the passenger of the valuable nature Of
the contents of the trunk, the company's
was not bound to exercise any extra dill
gence in the care of the property. If the
notification had been given, It would
have been the duty of the company
agent to refuse to accept the trunk a
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
NAMES.

The ancient Hebrews, Egyptians, As
syVrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks,
all used one name for each individual
Nor did the rich recesses OF the name
mine Weld its treasures till broken into
by the numerous hosts of increasing
population, all clamoring for name.
The Romans made some advancement
in names, and gave to their common
wealth division into clans or gentes.
The gems were then divided into families.
and the families into individuals, each
of whom had three names the preno-
men, or first name, which marked the
individual the nomen, or middle name.
which marked the gems, and the cogno-
men, the family. Military successes
added an agnomen, in honor of con-
quest. The ninth day after a child's
birth was celebrated by name and a
feast which the Romans called Nomin-
ALA. The Greeks used the tenth dav.
and offered sacrifices to their gods.
Pythag6ras noted the success of men ac-
cording to fate, genius, and name.
Plato and Tacitus also believed in q
prosperous name.
Our surnames are modern. The ma
gan converts to Christianity dropned
their Pagan for Bible names, and whole
companies of Marys, Marthas. Johns
and Peters were baptized at once. From
this we can readily see the confusion of
generality when one particular John felt
very particular preference for his par
ticular lady Mary love, and called to see
her at the house of many other Marys.
The distinction necessary was found in
nickname suggested by the occupation
of the individual.
For several centuries little is known
about srrnames. Some date their ORIGIN
from the Norman conquest, a plausibil-
lty to American aristocrats, who seem
satisfied if their stock and family -
goes as far back as William the Con
queror, or even taint and disoolor of
'tblood " be traced in that Enplisb
channel which William crossed. Cam
den dates surnames in France A. D.
1000; in England, 1906, a little before
Edward the Confessor. In Wales sur-
names were used some time after that.
Surname is from the French sur nom,
and Latin super, because at first the
surname was written over the given
name.
The Saxons made their surnames bv
adding ing :" to the fathers name, as
Whiting, Browning also from place of
residence, occupation = hence, Lee,
Moore, Hill, Weaver, Cooper, etc. In
the eleventh century the Normans began
to tzans1ai..I u.asscendants,
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
EATING STRANGE P0oD.

man Is unfortunate enough to be an
omnlverous animal, and has at various
periods and in various countries con-
somed almost everything that grows,
sWlms, files, runs, or crawis. More than
tins, he has eaten, under certain condi-
IONS mineral matter-the clay eaters of
south America having found great COM
Tort IN the consumption of an unctuous
earth. He has ransacked the sea for ali
ment. The whale has yielded up his
nlghiy carbonized carcass to the Esqui-
maux, as the dugong and manatee have
furnished forth baconfor him who dwefis
under the equator. The Gaucho of the
pampas finds that life in the saddle can
best be sustained by the consumption of
vast quantities of beef, without bread or
green vegetables, and only occasionally
supplemented by few beans while in
slmllar attitudes the South Sea Islander
has maintained a healthy and happy ex-
istence on fish, roots and vegetables.
varied only by an occasional treat of that
famous Wand known to the Maori as
long pig ga dish requiring especial
steaming and most careful cookery on
account of its extraordinary toughness.
The inhabitants of the Maldive Islands.
making cocoanuts and fish the base of
most of their dishes, live well upon that
simple diet while the primevai Sand
wlch Islander = tncontaminated by the
civilizing influence of runaway sailors
ate his bread fruit, drank his Z" ava," and
was happy. The North American Indian
OF the prairies rejoices in buffalo hump.
the trapper enjoys his beaver tail, the
Mexican revels in tortillas and frijoles,
and the humble &c Digger" makes his
meal on acorns, roots, and the grubs of
various insects. On the opposite side of
the Pacific the Celestial race, abundantly
provided with wholesome and excellent
food, consume rats and hairless dogs
carefully fed and fattened like turkeys
sea slugs and sharks fins. Birds'-nest
soup is good enough in its way, but the
merit of stewed rat is less easy to com
prehend. A prejudice has prevailed in
favor of plain, wholesome food = fish,
fowl, or the flesh of oxen, sheep, deer
and pigs but sieges have developed a
curious elasticity in the European palate.
AS at the famous siege of Vienna the
. harmless, necessary cat was consigned
to the kitchen as .roof hare" SO did
the jaded omnibus horse and patient
donkey during the siege of Paris find
lsheir way to the table of the epicure.
this latter movement in favor of un-
viands was not due entirely to the
ties of the Franco-German war.
ltiment had long been nourished
lands of advanced philosophie
tnuch flesh WHICH had been
to the catsmeat barrow might
Wlsly have been eaten by man
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
soMNAMBU11s1r ExTRAoRDrxAB1

| SOMNAMB ULISM ExTRAORDTNARF
Somnambulists have performed MANY
curious feats and have accomplished
dangerous acts at times without fatal re-
suits but it remained for small boy
travelling from Milwaukee to Minneapo-
us to do, sleeping, what no one ever did
before. The boy was a son of Mrs.
Wright, and, in company with his
mother, was on train going at the usual
rate of twenty miles an hour. After the
train had left place known as Weaver
Station, the boy fell asleep and walked
out on the platform, stepped carelessly
off. No sooner had he accomplished
this feat than his mother, noticing his
absence from the train and remembering
also his peculiarly, surmised the cause
of his departure, and through her en-
treaties the train was backed up. The
missing boy was not discovered, how
ever, and the mother Was left at the sta
ton. She had not long to wait in sor-
row. A figure was seen coming up the
track, and its nearer approach showed
the missing boy. The search for him
had proved unavailing simply because,
at the time it was made, he was not
visible. As he stepped of the train in
his sleep he had been hurled into snow
bank and had actually only awakened
when the cold had called him to his
senses. He could remember nothing of
the affair save that he fell asleep in the
car and awoke buried four or five feet
in drift, and being young, he did not
analyze his sensations when awakening.
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16

JAMES DoUGALL, boatman and lun-
herman in Wisconsin, while saving the
trunk of an oak tree into lengths for
slaves, was attacked by panther, which
sprang upon him. Dougan was alone
his assistant being temporarily absent
but his strength and pluck were equal to
the OCCASION. He seized the panther by
the throat. and, though fearfully torn
by the animals claws, he crushed il
down ii the snow, broke its back. and
choked il TO death. He was 30 badly
hurt that he had to be carried home, but
his wounds were not dangerous.
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16

Ir 1849 Mr.. James F. Stuart, of New
buryport, Mass, went toeSan Francisco.
CAL, and embarked in business, and was.
very successful till the great fire of 1859
when he lost nearly everything. He
came East, called a meeting of his cred
itors, stated his case and proposed b;s
discharge. The creditors were pleased
with his appearance, and not only gave
him full discharge, but furnished him
with new stock of goods. In less than
six months he was able to pay or All ~.
old and his new Indebtedness. In la5a
he entered into q land speculation wb;cI
absorbed all his business capital ana
crippled his resources. He made : EN-
statement 70 his creditors. and prOmiaea
Y ne was ever successful he would nav
up all. That time has arrived, and I.s iast
week ne remitted the principal and ii q
terest OF his indebtedness in gold. suc,,
cases are rare, if this one is not even 49, -,
paralleled. ''A'T
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
lWsPAPER wRrrERS

Reporter says: Every city
rable size contains large num-
tiers who depend mainly upon
lions to the daily press for sub
The inner lives of these per-
re, to the mass of people, mere
srs OF conjecture, as opportunities
social enjoyment with the outside
'Torld, with many of them, are limited,
and they are rarely intimate with any
except their fellows. It may be sup
posed that the life they lead is one of
severe labor, and by no means inviting,
They work perseveringly while others
sleep-their work being by no means
confined within the circumscribed ortho-
dox rule of eight hours. Their minds
are busy from getting up to lying down,
with the details of their profession. On
the other hand, regulated by the laws of
demand and supply, their pay is far from
commensurate with the labor they per
form. AS class, they are no better or
worse than other people. They are not
all stereotyped in the same mold, nor do
they all run in the same groove, there
being among them those whose tempera-
ments run from grave to gay, from lively
to severe. As might be naturally ex-
pected, there being much competition,
there is also much professional pique
and jealousy. Pulpit orators, actors,
singers, and politicians suffer more or
less from these caustic critics, whom
partisan and conflicting interests buy
over to raise .swhoop" of unpopulari-
ty. This, unfortunately, is a too we'll
grounded charge against the fraternity.
1t is the way of the world, no doubt, but
it is weighty matter when such loose
principles govern newspaper writer's.
The columns of the press influence, in
these days, the public mind for good or
for evil more than the pulpit or stage ;
for, be it said, everybody reads newspa-
pers, but everybody does not go to
church or attend the theater. Probably
no class of men ought to be more careful
IN maintaining the equity of their moral
consciousness than newspaper writer's /;
but, unfortunately, extraneous influences
are often too great for them to resist the
temptation to deviate from that equity.
To sum up. the paths of journalism are
tuH OF thorns, and success, with even
the better class, is rare; few ever ac-
q'llre more than decent competency,
and many not even that But SO long as
the chances for success are in any way
probable. fresh recruits will be found to
occupy the place of the deserters and
superannuated.
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
ASTRONOMY.
SOLAR RADIATION.


A series of valuable observations on
solar radiation in Great Britain has been
made during the past five years by Mr..
T. w. Stow and number of his friends.
The results show a difference in the
power of the suns rays inland and on
| the sea-shore. Near the ocean their
power seems to be diminished by the ex-
cess of vapor in the atmosphere.
VENUS ATMOSPHERE.
The atmosphere of the planet Venus
was distinctly visible during the recent
transit, and was seen by the astronomi.
cal party stationed near Thebes, in
Egypt, as a pale white circle around a
part of the planets edge, totally differ
ent from the brilliant sunlight. "The
general remark" says one of the OBJ.
servers, 'swas that it reminded us OF
moonlight. " It is the opinion of many
astronomers that the atmosphere sur
rounding Venus is much deeper than
the atmosphere of the earth.
Is TIE EARTH APPROACHING THE SUN.
Mr.. r. A. Proctor, writing to the Lon
don Times respecting a letter addressed
by DR.. Phipson to French journal, ex.
pressing the opinion that the recent trans
1t of observations are useless because
the earth is continually drawing nearer
to the sun, observes that it would be
something beyond joke if DR.. Phipson
were right, and therefore it may be as
well to point out that, while during the
last century there has been uncertainty
about the suns distance, even to the ex-
tent OF millions of miles, astronomers are
absolutely certain that the distance had
not varied by hundred, or even by ten
miles, during that time. IF the earth
had, as has been stated, drawn nearer by
one-thirheth of her former distance, the
length of the year would have changed
by one-twentieth of its former length. or
by eighteen days. A change of only ten
miles in the last 100 years would CORE
spond to q change of more than 300
miles since the length of the year was
hrst determined very exactly. This
would be about a three hundred thor-
sandth of the suns distance. and the
length of the year would have been
changed by about a two hundred thou
sandth part-that is by about two min
utes and a half. Now, it is known that
the Chaldean sidereal year, probably
far more ancient than the above reason
ing assumes, contained 365 days hours
and IL minutes, being not quite two min
utes too great. The suns distance
might, therefore, be diminished by about
eight miles per century. But In reality
we have no evidence in support of such
theory, seeing that the Chaldeans pro-
fessedly selected such a value for the
year as would make their 50 saros'' con-
tain an exact number of hours. Consid-
er1ng that astronomers will be well salts
fed If they can determine the suns dis
tance within 100000 miles, it is clear.
MIR. Proctor says, that the maximum.
change of distance we can admit. by
which 1000, 600 years would be required
to bring the earth 100000 miles nearer
to the sun, is not very important point
in the inquiry.
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1875-04-16
HISTORY AND eEoGRApur.
THE ORIGIN OF INDIAN NAMES.

!
A member of Major Powell's expe.
dition, which has been engaged in the
government survey of the Territories.
furnishes some interesting notes
OF the discoveries made in the
origin of Indian names. It seems that
each tribe or primary organization OF
Indians, rarely including two hundred
souls, is, in obedience to the traditional
laws OF these people, attached to some
weH-defned territory or district, and the
tribe takes the name of such district.
Ihus the U-ln-tats, known to white men
as q branch of the Utes, belonged to the
U1ntah Valley. U-imp is the name for
pine too-meap, for land or country !:
U-im-too-meap, pine land; but this has
been contracted to U-in-tah, and the tribe
inhabiting the valley were called
U-in-tats.
The origin of the term Ute is as fol-
lows: o is the term signifying arrow :
U-too-meap, arrow land. The region of
country bordering ON Utah Lake is called
U-too-meap because of the great number
OF reeds growing there, from which their
arrow-shafta were made. The tribe for
merly inhabiting Utah Valley was called
O-tah-ats, which has been corrupted into
the term Ute by the white people of the
country. The name U-tarats belonged
only to small tribe living in the vicinity
of the Lake, but it has been extended go
as to include the greater part of the In
dians of Utah and Colorado. Another
general name used by white men is
Piutes. A tribe of U-tah-ats being de-
feated and driven away by stronger
tribe, who occupied their country and
took their name, were obliged to take q
new name corresponding to the new home
IN which they settled themselves. But
they also called themselves Pal u tah-ats.
or true U-tah-ats. The corrupted name
Piufes is now applied to the Indians of
large section of country. Several Of
these tribes have numerous names. and
IN this way the number Of individual
tribes has probably been much over
estimated.
THE CONGO NEGROES
A paper recently communicated bv
Mr.. Watson Smith to the Literary and
Philosophical Society Of Manchester gives
some interesting particulars respecting
the negroes Of the neighborhood Of
Congo, obtained from letters sent; home
from the west coast Of Africa by Mr.. r.
q. Phillips. These extracts afford infor-
mation on the trade Of the coast, on the