Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1875-08-14
AUSTRALIA.
American Commerce with the island
COnIineR1-HOw AeIbOurns hes
Thrown Her Opportunities
Away.
Trade with New ZsaIand-A Prosperous
Empfre-EntsxcOIOnIa Free Trade
-Great Things Promised at
the ether End of the World.


ward here 20 the signing of q contract
between the New South Wales Austria
lia) government and the Pacific Mail
COMPANY, under which the after will
undertake the transport Of the AuatTa-
lian mails from Sydney and the New
Zealand mails from Auckland to San
Francisco, Chicago, New York and
London. The connection established
between the Pacific Mail company and
the Pacific railroad companies renders
it extremely desirable that the Austria
lian contract should fall into such hands,
thus forming an unbrOken line of COM
mUnicatiOn from New York to Homo
lulu, New Z-aland, and Sydney. 1t is'I
to be regretted that Melbourne, the capi-
taI OF the south, should have exhibited so
much apathy i'll regard to the American
mail service, and have allowed sydney
to become the terminus. Sir iCharleS
Gavan Duffy, while premier of our
colony, Victoria, was anxious to make
the city Of Melbourne the terminus Of
the Pacific service, by agreement with
Sydney to allow that city to remain the
terminus of the Suez route; but the COM
mercial men in Melbourne were too
strong the other way, and thought it all
important to have Melbourne the termi-
nus of the Peninsular end Orisntal COM
pany's steamers, taking the English
mail v5n Gale, Bombay and
Suez. Inasmuch as the jealousy
between Melbourne and Sydney would
never admit o! one city being the termi-
nus for both routes, Sydney took away
the real prize, as we are beginning to
see at this time Of day. American goods
and passengers for Melbourne have to
tranship at sydney, which has taken an
undeniable squirt through this advan-
tage, New Zealand, offers d scope for
American enterprise we'll deserving of
more attention. People on tle spot
here, well able to take comprehensive
view Of the relative prospects Of the Aus
tralasian colonies, look 10 New Zealand
as far and away the most hopeful. 1t Is
like q Chip off America in its vast re-
sources, with a handful of population,
but immigrants are continually pouring
in, under the liberal encouragement sf-
torded by the government agents III
England. Its ports are free. The Wig
orOus city of Dunedin, IL the south
island, may be regarded as the infant
New York of this zone, while Auck-
land, in the north island, may be styled
its Boston. The town of Wellington,
like Washington, holds the balance as
the seat Of government. HOkitikaI Oc-
cupying a sand bank on the west coast,
south island, and Christchurch, on the
east coast, are the other considerable
towns, the latter the most promising.
American tourists, on the search for
something new, should do New Zeal
and. Its wonders equal those of the
Pacific slope, with features unique al.
the world over. The Traveller eucOunt-
.ers forests through which path is cut
~ Of 10 d.
so close are the trees and densely IsCed
together with the supplejack. In other
regions he encounters miles of glacier,
with occasional lava p!ateauX of en-
trancing beauty, the lava being entirely
pink under the sunshine, like coral.
Here are the natural not baths, of ali
temperatures, varied with lakes Of bJIl-
ing mud, fumsTOles, miniature vOlca-
noes, kissing with steam, and volcanic
mountains, crowned with pure white
SULPHUR, A submarine telegraph cable
is being laid between New Zealand and
SYDNEY, one thousand two hundred
miles. The soundings were taken by
the Eugliah man-Of-War Challenger, un-
der command of Captain Nevres, now
in charge of the Arctic expedition.
Another submarine cable is linking the
Austrian continent with the French
island Of New Caledonia, The prison
home OF COmmunistic exiles. From the
point Of view OF American manufactur-
ers, it will be interesting to know that
the protective tariff of Victoria is likely
to undergo notifications, if not extiDc-
ton. Negotiations are in prog. esswith the
island colony of Tasmania fOr reciprocal
free trade. This will be followed Dy
free trade with New South Wales, and
gradually with sll the Australian col
Onies. InteTcOlOnial free trade must be
step to federation, and when the col
onies are federated they will finG it nee
essary to adopt a Common fOSeign poll
cy, which can be nothing but Zee trade.
The arguments by which prOtectiCn has
been supported in the United States
cannot be extended to Victoria, a small
country, almost destitute Of resources
within itself. except the gold. Melbourne,
with its two hundred thousand inhaO-
itants, is field Of export which enter
prising Americans have taken up large
", although not with tithe Of the
business practicable even uBter the
present hamperiUg conditions. Busi-
nts3 men in America should make it
point to know more about Melbourne,
Ballarst, Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide,
Hobart Town, and the cities anu towns
of Australia. In Victoria there is
keen appreciation of everything Amer
icau, and the same feeling pervsdes, al
though perhaps less strongly, in other
parts OF Australia. Our population has
an American rather than an English
cast, though running in the American
groove eOfmOdern ideas and freedom from
tradition and prejudice. American
precedent is emulated before any other.
In nothing is this more evident than in
the system Of education adopted, free,
secular, and compulsory at State
schools, on the American model. They
now abound all over the land; fine aud
commodious edifices, the prOudest re-
suits Of our Democracy. AS one in
stance Of what is open for Americans to
effect here the Melbourne omnibus COM
pany may be referred 10. It was start
ed six years ago, entirely by Americans,
and now it is one Of the most profitable
enterprises in Australia, the company
owning about sixty buses and three