davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1875-12-30
DEEP AND SHALLOW CULTIVATION FOR
WHEAT

I hope we are all agreed that very deep
disturbance of the soil, so that it may derive
the advantage of communication with the
air, is, after drainage, an essential agricultu-
raj basis. But there is a very general belief
that for wheat the surface, at all events,
should be solid and the plowing shallow
[ remember that the late Rev. Samuel Smith,
of Lois Weldon, could only get Rivett
(bearded) wheat to stand erect on deeply
cultivated soil. My practice has been to
subsoil very deeply, and manure heavily for
mangel, kohl rabi, cabbage, and turnips but
to take wheat or barley after these on sin
gle blowing with q pair Of horses. The
effect Of deep cultivation Immediately before
wheat sowing, causes the plant to be very
vigorous and foliaceous, and pleasant and
profitable in appearance, but at harvest,
especially in such a season rs this, we find
the straw ''plus" and the grain '.minus."
We are apt to condemn q non-leaty and
rather open looking wheat crop, but it often
comes well out of the threshing machine,
and it is a common saying that the wheat
after mangel rises well in proportion to the
straw.
In 1868 my nine acres of wheat followed
three different crops :-tares moved, and
the land manured with shed manure, one
and half acres of cabbage, the rest peas,
half picked green for London, the other half
seeded. Well the wheat after tares was
rich, thick growth of leaf and straw, and
every visitor, as we'll rs ourselves, pro-
nounced it to be or. per acre. The piece
after cabbage looked thin and comparatively
unyielding, and being on hillside was yisi-
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1875-12-30

animal and vegetable life and growth brought
to light and proclaimed throughout the
earth. And the agricultural college ought
certainly to lead in this work, and will if
you will make them also agricultural eXper-
iment station
AS men differed in regard to what the ag-
ricultural college was to do, SO they differed
in respect to what it ought to be. Some
would have made it a mere school of prac-
tice. Others would have resembled it to the
law school and medical school, making it
merely professional and purely theoretical.
Others wished to see a college for farmers
sons where they might continue to labor
while they studied. And others still wished
a college where the sciences relating to agri-
culture and the mechanical arts might be
taught thoroughly, with their practical ap-
plication to agriculture, ETC., clearly exhib-
tied and enforced.
[ need not further enumerate the different
notions which prevailed and have been urged
upon the boards of trust of these colleges,
and through the press upon the country at
large. Their number is legion, and their
aims so various, that the combined wisdom
of the world could not reconcile or satisfy
them all. They are only mentioned now,
because of the difficulties they haveinterposed
in the path Of agricultural education on this
continent. Every disappointed hope, and
every defeated plan has become an obstacle
in the way of success by alternating friends
and discouraging supporters of agricultural
colleges. Most men will much more readily
conclude that the management has been bad
than that their expectations were unreason-
able, and the failure to carry out their par
ticular plans is failure to do anything wise
or worthy of praise.
But there remain q valiant and far-seeing.
few (may their numbers increase) who clear
ly discern that the fundamental ideas Of ag-
licultulral education are as sound as their
aim is far-reaching and benefcent, and whose
faith is as firIaa as the solid scientific truths
on which it rests. And while others are
searching for supposed causes of hypotheti-
cal failures, these are seeking to understand
and measure, and if possible, to remove the
obstacles to more complete and widespread
success.
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1875-12-30
A GRIC i L 7 i RAL,
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.

AT the recent meeting of the National A o.
ricultural Congress at Cincinnati, one of the
most interesting addresses was on agricul-
tural education, by J. M. Gregory, Ill. d.,
Regent Of the Illinois Industrial University.
We give the first part Of the address
The question of agricultural education is
yet in an unstable condition. In spite of all
the experiments made, and all the successes
and failures achieved, the public mind is vet
. unsatisfied as to both the feasibility and the
value of special agricultural education in
/ agricultural colleges. Among professional
educators even, there are differences of opin-
ion some distrusting and even denouncing
agricultural colleges as an expensive hum
bug, a piece of educational charletanry,
while others defend and praise them as just
In conception, needful in fact, in keeping
with the spirit of the age, necessitated by
the progress Of science and arts, a measure
of justice to the largest class of the people,
and the most important branch of human
Industries, and as having attained reason
able, if not a large measure of success in the
presence of great disadvantages and opposi-
ton.
Is agricultural education mistake? Was
that great and widespread agitation of
thought which pervaded both Europe and
America in favor of a new form of education
for agriculture, and the other Industries,
without any just cause? And was the ur-
gent and irresistible demand for colleges of
agriculture, which assailed our National
Congress, and compelled the effort for the
establishment Of these colleges, blunder?
Who dare say yes to these questions? Phil
bined in the plea for agriculture. Philan-
thropy pleads for that mightiest section Of
the grand army of workers, the tillers of the
soil. More than one-half Of the entire in
dustrial population of the country belong to
this section. If education is boon /; if its
then that broad democratic maxim Of g the
greatest good to the greatest NUMBER" de-
mands that agriculture shall have its col
leges among the nOblest and richest Of all
In their appointments and power.
Patriotism pleads for it as increasing pub
IN "oilcil, edlI yIHS ShC1 lHUollISCHCc luIo
the very bone and sinew of the country, and
making broader and tirmer the great foun-
dations of the government.
Science demands access to the classes who
have most of all to do with the great facts
and gigantic forces Of nature. 1t asks the
cooperation OF these classes to increase its
stores of facts to extend its observations,
and to test its theories; and it proffers to
them in return it's richest results to promote
their work.
But the demand for agricultural education
is not a mistake. 1t was based on the well
considered fact that agriculture itself involv-
ed forces and operations which can only be
understood through scientific study, and can
Rocky Mountain husbandman. [volume] (Diamond City, Mont.) 1875-1943, 1875-12-30
WEEKLY BY
\ r. N SUTHERLIM.
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR

EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR
The ROCKY MOUNTAIN HUsBANDMAN is designed
to be, as the name indicates, husbandman in every
sense of the term, embracing in its columns every
department OF Agriculture, Stock-raising, Horti-
culture. Social and Domestic Economy
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13
OVER THE STATE.

Postmaster Casey, Of Vicksburg,
died very suddenly last Monday.
Trowbridgc, a noted horse-thief,
was caught in Augusta, Perry coun-
ty, a few days ago. He showed
fight, and was shot twice before sur
rendering.
Kosciusko has received nearly
10000 bales of cotton this season.
The Yazoo City Herald records
the marriage of its former editor,
Mr.. Geo. +. Wilkinson, and Miss
Maggie J. Moss.
Tho store of Messrs Purnell &
Hawkins, at Winona, was entered
by burglars one night last week.
They were discovered and fred up
on, when they made a hasty retreat,
dropping the money-drawer on the
sidewalk rs they fed.
At special election held last
week in the sixteenth district, to
elect o state senator to fill out the
unexpired term OF Hon. s. w.
Smy,h, deceased, Capt. A. NJ. Mett>,
Democrat, was elected by q majori-
ity Of 600.
Two negroes, Stephen Bland and
Commodore Williams, got into q
difficulty near Bovinia, on Thursday
of last week, whom the former shot
the latter, killing him almost in
stantly. Bland fed, and at last ac-
counts had not been apprehended.
Holly Springs Reporter. 4th inst:
On last Thursday morning William
Stinson, who lived four miles west
of this place, was found dead in the
road. He had ridden from home
early that morning, when his horse
I returned riderless. His wife mount
ed the animal and rodc but short
distance when she found him lying
in the road, dead. From q limb
that had freshly fallen, it is suppos-
cd he was struck by it and killed.
His skull was tract ured.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The real, hearty good humor and
wit Of the Hon. III. n. Street will
crop out ever and anon, during his
labors in the House of Represents
tivcs. His many friends will relish
and appreciate the following, which
we take from the proceedings OF
the House on the 18th inst. 1t is
we'll known that T. w. Cardoxu,
State Superintendent of Instruction,
has several indictments pending
against him, and if he gets
his deserts on any one OF them he
will surely find rooms in the peni-
Tertiary.
The Senate bill to provide rooms
for the State Superintendent of Ed
ucaiion came up. Mr.. Street moved
to refer TO the committee on Penitcn-
tiary carried.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The general opinion prevalent
among Northern Conservatives and
moderate Republicans is in oPpssi-
ton to Grant and his third term as
pirations. Grant has knocked so
often of late at tho doors of Congress,
asking FIR increase of Executive
powers, that thosoawho were will
ing to accord them on the score OF
party unanimity have arrived at
tho conclusion that the party may
20 to thunder rather than that they
should commit themselves or lend
their aid and influence towards the
building up and fostering OF party
and principles At opposites with a
high standard of truc republican
sentiment.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

or pri, ilcges in said section enumer-
atcd or by aiding or exciting such Of
Tense, shall forfeit and pay the sum Of
five hundred dollars to the person
asgrieved thereby, to be roc overcd
in an action::of debt, with full costs,
and shall also for every such Of
Tense be deemed guilty of misde-
meanor, and upon conviction there
of be fined not les, than $500 nor
moro than $1,000, or shall be i'm
rri.oncd not less than thirty days
nor more than one year; Provided
that all persons may elect to sue tor
the penalty aforesaid, or to proceed
Under their rights At common law
and by state statutes" And that
" the District and Circuit Courts OF
the United States shall have. exclu-
sively of the several states, cogni-
zance of all crimes and offenses
against any violations of the provi-
sions of this act. And actions for
the penalty given by the preceding
section may be presented in the Ter
ritorial, District, or Circuit Courts
of the United States, wherever the
defendant may be sound, without
regard to the other party"
Should any district attorney will
fully fail to institute and prosecute
suit in favor of anyone who deems
himself agrieved, the said agricved
party can recover $500 by an &C
ton Of debt. and the attorney will
DO deemed guilty of n misdemeanor
and fined not less than 81 900 nor
more than 5000. The Bill also
provides that any officer who shall
exclude or fail TO summons any cit
izcn on account Of his color, shall
or conviction, be deemed guilty of
q misde meanor and fined not moro
than $1,000. Also that all cases
arising under tho provisions of this
act in the courts of the United States
shall DO renewable by the Supreme
Court OF the United States, without
regard to the sum in controversy,
under the same provisions and reg
ulations rs are now provided by
law tor the rcvicw of other causes
in said court"
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

We are reliably informed that
Edward Grant, tho jailor, is in the
habit Of renewing the prisoners
from the Jail to work in various
parts Of our city in the interest of,
and for the pecuniary benefit Of tho
said Grant. Here is case for Dis
trict-Attorncy Pratt to look after.
Here is . palpable violation of the
law. These prisoners are kept at
public expense, an d thoir services
should not be controlled by Off
Gals. 1t is a hardship that homes.
Iaboring men of both colors should
be brought in competition with con-
vict laborers. Let this violation Of
Law and justice stop. Lot Edward
Grant be arrested tried and pun
ishoJ
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13
FEMALE EDUCATION.

Education is not tho mere crowd
ing'of the memory with facts or prin-
ciples. 1t consists i'm drawing out
and disciplining the powers for the
perception and appropriation of
truth. Education is something diff.
ferent from information. Informa-
ton is that which one knows. Edu-
cation provides the capacity to know,
to direct, and to employ TO useful
ends. Information is included in
education, just as smaller circle
may be drawn within a larger one.
Educo and Insfruo are two hcmis-
pheres, which when brought togcth-
err, round out into the perfect globe
of symmetrical culture.
An accurate thinker possesses an
educated mind, whether trained to
its Office within college walls or in
a tangled wilderness. One who
can think, who can analyse the COM
pick, and who can gcncralize from
dc; ailn, who can marshal the facul-
ties into serted and armed ba,taIions
force, and march them,
like Macedonian pl:,lanx, on the
OF Ignorance, each
step making an advance, and every
advance making an opening before
it, possesses u cultivated mind.
Many young ladies plume them
selves upon the number of books
they have read, not knowing that
much reading, without correspond
ing thought, cncrvatcs the mind,
u morbid habit, units
for the cork of life, and furnishes
an ap"loSy for the intellect to re-
main rs mort NJ honey-comb,
while the authors reflections arc
poured into the empty cells.
A great divine once said: "There
arc but few young ladies' that have
not read moro books than l have
and, as Tor religious books, l could
count them over on my fingers in
five minutes, but they are mine" 1t
in not what we read. but what We
retain and assimiIntc that profits us.
An unframed mind is - mere sieve,
and gathers nothing from the great
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The Central Republican of the
5th inst. makes Itself ghoul for
the delivery of the bastard offspring
OF some unknown fool and thief
who has stolen the sign-manual Of
one J. B. McCool and employed his
X-mark to point . slur at the editor
of tho MAIL.
We have q supreme contempt for
the cowardly cur who penned the
aforesaid card. McCool, when held
to account, denied the authorship
Of the card and asserted his irrespon-
siLility therefor.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The income Of the state, even At
present exhorbitant rate OF taxa
lion, is falling below expenditures
at the rate of $500, 900 per annum.
Ames' proposed colored standing
army will increase the deficiency
half Il million dollars. Tho money
to support it can only he raised BY
drawing on tho credit of the state.
1t is we'll enough to notify the con-
coctors and abettors of this uncon-
stitutional measure that tho people
of the state will repudiatc any debt
that may be incurred to carry it out,
and with it will tumble the whole
fabric Of illegal Indebtedness which
is being piled upon their shoulders
for purposes not within the lcgiti-
mate functions Of government
Clarion.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The ice harvest on the Hudson
river thus far il estimated ut $780,
600 tons, and the crop is valued nj
s2S, 000, 900. Statistics of the N
Y. consumption Of ice estimate that
the packers and brewers use 33 1-3
per cent; the hotels, restaurants,
saloons and street wonders Of drinks
40 per cent, and the generat popu-
lation the remainder. The present
winter having been an unusually
hard one, the ice crop is greater
than for several winters past which
will have a tendency to cheaper the
cost of this luxury next summer.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13
J: STADEkER & SON
GA NToN, M 49,


WE DESIRE TO INFORM OUR PATRONS AND
the public generally that buyer has just returned
from the Eastern market with the Largest Most Complete
and Stock of Goods that has history of
Canton been offered for sale here months of constant
travel and research have served to gather together
mass beautiful and elegantly assorted variety of Dry
Goods Clothing, Boots Shoes and Hats. Not however,
content with this and looking the interest of
ers as we'll as our of the firm has remained in New
ork where he will continue to buy and forward all
ate: and most recherche novelties Of the In
to give our patrons faint idea of stock offer below
for their list of of the leading articles
cluded in our purchases
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

On tho Sd inst. the Legislature
passed an act providing for the on
largement of the State Lunatic Asy-
lum. This looks ominous, and in
all probability has in contemplation
the awful calamity that may befall
the people of this state, occasioned
by oppressive laws and insufferable
taxation. Our people are now driv-
en- almost to desperation, and if their
expressions and burthens arc not
soon iightened it will be no wonder
If they should 60 mad.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The present session of the Ark
ansas Legislature passed . law ex-
empting mining and manufactures
from taxation for the next seven
years. Arkansas abounds with ores,
and the development of her mining
interests will certainly give . much
needed impetus to her prosperity.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13
THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL.

This sum of vilIanies," As it has
been aptly termed, passed the House
of Representatives Of the United
States on the 5th inst, by a large
majority. The Bill as it now stands
differs materially from the one which
passed the Senate lat spring-sev-
eral OF the most objectional features
having been stricken out, in conse-
quence of which it will have to pass
that body again before it can be-
come law. though there is little
doubt of it's second passage.
As stated above, several of it's
most odious features have been
stricken out, among them the clause
relating to free schools, and also
that giving negroes admission to
churches aud cemeteries. Notwith-
standing the expulsion of these fea-
lures, the very nature of the Bill il
repulsive to the people ofthe South.
1t cannot be defended upon any
ground of constitutional law or jus
tice, and can DO the harbinger of no
good whatever to anyone, white or
black, save political tricksters, car
pet-bagyers and those who live by
plundering tho people and whose
vital air is strife. 1t was conceived
and promulgated in a spirit of ha-
tired and mali Q. It's warmest cham
piOn and chief defender, Spoon
thief Butler, has ever been an enemy
to the South and b cr best interests,
and in recent speech in defense OF
this bill he styled the people of the
South "thicves, murdercrs and
night riders" and when told that
he himself was a murderer he rep!i-
ed that he had only hung one man
in New Orleans and now regretted
that he had not hung r,ore."
The Democrats in the House gave
the Bill . steady and determined
resistance, and would in all proba-
bility, have kept it from being vot-
ed on and thereby prevented it's
passage but for . change in the
rules governing the House, which
was made by the Republicans in
the interest of this Bill.
The Bill recognizes the Equality
Of all mon before the law, and holds
that it is the duty of the Govern
ment in its dealings with the pe"-
pie, to mste out equal and exact
justice to all, of whatever national
ity, race, color or persuasion, rcii-
gious or p 'litical," and provides that
al. .persons within the jurisdiction
OF the United States shall DC emit
tied To the full aud equal cnjoyment
Of the accommodations, advantages,
facilities and privileges OF inns, pub
lie convcyances on land or water,
theatcr> AMI other places of public
amusement, subject only tn the con-
ditiOus and limitations established
by law, and applicable alike to citi-
gems of every race or color, regard
less OF any previous condition of
Tho Bill further provides that
" any person who shall violate the
foregoing section by denying to
any citizen. except fo- reasons by
law applicable to citizens of every
rae and color and regardless of
any previous condition of servitu,I~, '
The full enjoyment of any of the ac-
romrnodatio"~, advantage, facilities
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

As an evidence of the popularity
of the Order of Patrons of Husban-
dry in the South, it is reported that
there arc now GIL oranges, with
$1,000 members, in Alabama; los
oranges, with $500 members, in
Florida; 52l oranges, with $1,000
members, in Arkansas; while in the
other states there are also many
oranges with large membership.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

Tho pnrport of tho Washington
news is that the Arkansas message
of the President, intimating his pur-
pose of revoiationising the govern
ment of that state with the bayonct,
is firebrand in the ranks OF his
party, and that IL hnge number Of
Republican members Of Congress
will sustain the report Of the House
Committee in defiance OF the will Of
his Excolirncy. --LtUton.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

Senators Alcorn, Of Mississippi,
and Morsy, of Louisiana, have offer
ed amendment to the River and
Uarbor Bill now before Congress,
making an appropriation of $780,
600 for the Mississippi. Ievces. II is
thought that the bill will certainly
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

From u Washington telegram on
the 9th we learn that the corrcspon-
dence concerning the claims in the
vlrginius' case has been satisfacto-
rily closed, the Spanish Government
agreeing to pay the required indem-
nifty to the heirs and representatives
of men killed in that execution.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The new postal treaty with Can
ada went into effect on Monday, the
1st inst. A three cent stamp will
now carry . letter to any place in
the Canadian Dominion. The do
nestle regulation fee of eight cents
will be charged on registered letters
sent to Canada. No account will
be kept between the two countries,
each retaining the postage on mail
matter sent to tho other for delive-
~. Patterns and sample, Of mer-
rhandise must not exceed eight
sunccs in weight, and to prevent
s~,sfisus If tie Rcv~nss laws. they
snust never be closed against inspec-
ton.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

The Matt onal Grange at its ses-
sion in Charleston, 8. c., the first Of
this week, adopted . resolution to
the effect that patent laws are OPP
Preesivs and requesting Congress
to grant no more extensions.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13

Hon. Angus Cameron has been
elected by the Wisconsin Lcgisla-
ture to succeed the notorious Matt
Carpenter in The United States
Senate. This was brought about
by the boiling Republicans and the
Democrats uniting.
The Canton mail. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 18??-1882, 1875-02-13
IMMENSE ARRIVAL
NEW And SEAS0NABLE
6 Q Q ! s
|MAYS0N FLANDERS

THEIR STOCK of Fall and Winter Goods is now
complete and having been bought in Eastern Cities less
prices at any time since the late Unpleasantness"
prepared to meet the necessities their
offering them goods at very small advance cost, for
cash. They have also marked down the prices of old goods
to their value Their facilities purchasing
unsurpassed by any house in this city, they
antee satisfaction to all who give them a call.
MAYSON & LANDERS.