davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
Deep and Shallow Setting.

Prof l.. b, Arnold gives an acco unit Of
the experiment of L. ID. Hardin and Bailey
Martin at the farm of the latter in Stockton,
N. ", 10 which the milk Of fifteen COWS
was mixed and equally divided, one half
being set two to three inches deep in fat,
rectangular raus and cooled by the atmos-
phere, skinned in forty-eight hours, and
gave pound of butter to 2l.53 pounds of
milk, being slightly sour when skinned.
The other half was set in pals twenty inches
deep, which were placed in box or cup.
board with double walls filled with sawdust,
and the air cooled by ice to forty degrees.
The pals were set in pan four inches deep
which received the droppings from the ice
above, stood forty-eight hours, skinned
sweet, and gave pound of butter from
2l.51 pounds Of milk. There was little
flavor Of animal odor in the butter from
deep setting, the result Of rapid cooling, but
the aroma deriysd from the light Aav oring
oils of the heritage was all saved by the
same means Ir
Prof Arnold makes the following infer.
ences from these facts: First, that it is
not necessary for the milk to become sour to
have all the cream rise. Second, that all
the cream can be raisad by either deep or
shallow setting, if proper conditions are OBJ
served. Third, that HArdins method, though
better than cooling with water, has no pref.
erence over shallow setting for dairies in the
latitude OF New York, since it is more ex-
pensve and labOrious, while the results are
equal. In warmer climates it would, very
likely, be valuable. The fact that all the
butter can be got and the skim-milk kept
perfectly sweet and fit for making heese or
condepsiug, or for. using in any other way,
may be Of great advantage in particular
localities" .t'..
The editor Of the Live Stock Journal,
from which we copy Mr. ArnOlds statement
Of his inferences, makes the following com.
ments: "The important question is not
whether, under possible circumstances, deep
setting will yield as much butter as shallow
setting, but whether deep setting, if equal
in yield and producing superior quality, is
adapted 70 the circumstances Of dairymer
generally, 50 that they may adopt it and
comply with all its requirements. If we
grant all that is claimed for it, it is mol
practicable for dairymen generally"
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
BREVlTIES.

A firm in Hanover, NJ H., is preparing
to ship $4,000 bushels of potatoes direct to
Cuba from Boston. ..e.....
Mr. Henry McAllister of Enosburgh is
building commodlous barn, 50xl25 feet,
for his fine dairy Of Devon COWS.
The losses in England in the last two
months from the foot and mouth disease are
estimated at ten million dollars.
The average weight ofthree- year-old steers,
which are sold 10 the Chicago market is
l 100 pounds gross. .fI r.
z. Il. Jameson writes to the Country
Gentleman that when the crop is good and
well developed, it is better to use it for seed
rather than seek TO. improving the crop by
changing seed. ....'.-...
The New York times says that the injec-
tion to the teat of half pint of strong solu-
tion Of carbonate Of soda, and milking il
away in fifteen minutes, neutralizes the acid
condition OF the secretions, dissolves the
curdled milk, in cases of gargOt,
The Live Stock Journal says the prepar-
tory school for the agricultural college is
yet to be established, The common school
is the proper place for teaching the rudi-
mcnts Of those sciehces relating to agricul.
tire. "Hh i.-i
A farmer at 0rriugtOn, Me-, has for
some time been feeding mammoth squash,
by cutting of the vine six feet from the
squash and inserting the end 10 pan which
is filled with sweet milk daily. 1t absorbs
two quarts per day and gains one pound.
The 'larmor at OTrington" will probably
keep it growing the sams way 10 tho cellar
all winter, aud have centennial squash
Professor Stewart makes this statement,
which dairymen will do well to ponder upon.
We are quite aware that the dairymen, gen.
erally have not contributed at all of their
means even to support tho American or state
dGrymens associations, and that these asso-
Citations could not exist for year without the
aid of owners OF factories.
A man named Goodwin of Stanley, Eng.
land, lost valuable mare, which appeared
to suffer great agony A post mortem ex-
animation showed the presence in the stom-
ach of stone weighing ten or twelve pounds
which was supposed to be an accumulation
of stone dust introduced TO the stomach with
the food.
The surgical examination Of the body of
Lexington, the great Kentucky race-hOrse,
revealed most singular cause for his death.
That part Of the skull under the left eye,
where the trouble Of the horse seemed to be
located, was filled with at least quart of
mAsticated food, which had been forced into
the cavity through an opening into the up
per jaw, caused by the loss Of tooth.
The Boston Journal, in speaking of the
Improvements in labor saving machinery.
states, as an illustration Of progress 10 this
line, that the pork packing establishments
of Cincinnati have perfected very econom-
ical system Of labor saving machinery for
dressing hogs A hog is killed, dressed, cut
up aud ready for marketing in two and one.
half minutesOn the average, A man will cut
up thousand hogs in day and not hurry
Would it not be we'll for farmers TO learI
by these examplesI
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
WHOLE NO. 259.
Something New in Butter Making.

Mr. l.. s. Hardin Of Louisville, Ky, whose
name has been before the public for several
months in connection with tests Of deep and
shallow setting, and who has been very sue
cessful in public trials, writes to the Rural
New Yorker q description Of his method Of
deep setting, from which we copy He says:
My boxes are made after the manner of
refrigerators, holding six lour.gallon cans,
each twenty inches long and eight inches
wide, with ten inches space for ice at the
top Of the box, while four inches of ice
water stands in the bottom. The milk is
strained directly from the milking buckets
into the deep cans, and tight lids are put ON
the cans, which are then placed in the box
and the temperature reduced to about 40
degrees fahrenheit, and held at that tenn
perature for 48 hours, The cream is 70.
moved with dipper, allowed to get sharply
sour, and cooled down to So degrees fahren-
heit, and then churned Nv
theory against removing the animal heat from
milk is, that milk taken directly from the COW
is the purest Of al foods, not iniurine the
stomach Of the tendsrest young animal but
w VOhbhO1 WIN Jne air. cneullCd cnanged
are set up that make it injurious.
When the milk is taken from the COW L
strain it into my cans, put the lid on tight
and reduce the temperature to 40 degrees
fahrenheit, which arrests all change or decom-
position. My butter made this way sells at
top prices in Louisville.
Again he remarks:
The point claim above all others for my
system is Its simplicity. For instance, my
butter is furnished to private families at
from ten to twenty cents above the market
rates Of best butter. A negro boy makes it,
who never made pound Of butter 10 bis
life until put him at it. am constantly
away from home for weeks, and find no
change in the quality of my butter. The
only point to watch is to keep ice in the box.
This boy can not make butter that would
eat if made the old-fashioned way. So far
have only met the best butter makers, and
defeated them. OF course / have no trouble
in beating people who require over twenty
three pounds of milk TO make a pound of
butter, aud fear the world is full of them.
The improvement on the Swedish system
is, it requires about three times as much ice
to cool down certain cube of water as it
does to cool down the same cube of air,
water being so much more dense than air
so that my system is great economizer Of
ice over the Swedish system,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
Best Breeds.


The Fsnciers Journal takes up the ques-
tiOn of choosing breed of poultry. for gen.
eral purposes, aud treats it with good sense.
Here is its verdict .. .... ..
When We talk about "the best breed" We
must inquire "the best for what? For the
pit, for the spit, for the laying house for
the lawn or walk, for the exhibition room,
for mothers, for the table, for marketing Or
for what purpose taking all things into
consideration" is very well to propose! But
all things can hardly be taken thus into ac-
count with any breed as yet known to poul-
try fanciers.
We are acquainted with an enthusiastic
breeder who raises the little black-headed
"Silkes" year after year land good ones too,
of their kind), who thinks thOre is nothing
like them under the sun We have in mind
auother fancier who can prove to you, so he
believes, incontestably, that the little hook
shanked Nankin Bantams are the choicest
feathered pets in the world. There are scores
of men who love pigs and chickens, who
never will have anything 10 the poultry line
upon their places save the White-faced Black
Spanish, and hundreds of others who favor
only the Hamburgs the LeghOrns, the
Games, or the Polands.
Now we like size, good weights for age
good layers, good mothers, good breeders,
good forms, handsOma aplnmsge, and The
Asiallea are our preference, the Brahmas Al
the head, and the Light Brahnas at the
head Of all. We have no objections t
offer to the choice Of any other breeder, but
We have been asked "What Is the bestfp il
our opinion, aud all things considered, ",
must say if these do not fill the bill, we know
Of none better.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

Mr. Bailey. of Bridport, makes In anothe
co lumn an ingenious answer to Mr. ThOrpe's
article on the Jersey COW. Mr. Bailey "sup-
poses" that thirty Jersey COWS can be kept
on the quantity Of feed necessary for
twenty Ave native COWS. We should be inclined
to call for "facts" to sustain the premises on
which the argument is based before admit
ting its souudness. II is entirely safe to as
sumo that the COW that makes o large
quantity Of butter in season is hearty
feeder, whatever her breed. The COW that
gives a large yield Of butter is pretty sure to
feel the cold aud the pail is apt to tell the
tale if she is habitually exposed to cold and
storms. We have no prejudice in favor of
any breed that is touched by free discussion,
and wiIlbe glad to have the readers of the
FARMER settle the question what breed (if
there is any such) is best to keep. When
people argue about the relative value Of
breeds, and lnever agree, we think Of the
reply of Harris Lewis to the question lat the
St Albans meeting Of the Vermont Dairy.
mems Association what is the best breed Of
cows for the dairymen. He replied, with
twinkle of the eye, II go for the COW that
gives the most milk r..-.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
New York State Dairymens' AssOoi alton
and Board Of Trade.


lne ni!n annual convention OF TINS assoc'a'
uOn ~u' % nsia I" NOr"'on, ~. l - On Tue
o'n anu '1n VI Dece'noer' A. ~ io'o' Ahe
'0',O"'"s 70 'nc programme
tn' '0"'en''On "n' w 0a'0u W oruer tut
'"%'y Ou''o's'' ~ - H., "eu"e'
'' D ", UPo1'"s "uu'e'' "
n' P'" a. ""'"'U' ~ r. "'
no i0''0","s seu'e'o" WI, re"u papers Ut
'PenN' ~ 'ne ,'p'O' 'l'''"o
o. - lSOo''U' Hs'''u''u'A' uoPSr''
mem oO,"o" o"''''9' ouol0O'-'0Su
I - .D
~ 4" 80 Ae"''' VI 1'o" o'A' 0uOJe0'-
oO"u,e'oe ~.H..I
H. W. o'e"At" 0' i.,'e os00H 'Ourua''
DunA'O' anu 'e''u'er ~' Vorneu on'er"'y'
'OT,0O ~ "" a,N nSi Dsemea''
lloi L. d. A'no'u' seere'Ary Amer'oAn
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

aud 9Th, 1875: ua,,.a ..-.,,l ....
Tuesday afternoon.
l. Training Animals--C. Horace Hub
bard, member Vermont board.
2. Neat Stock.--Deacon Buffum, mem
Der New Hampshire board.
3. Cattle Raising.-C. p. Judd, Canaan.
Tuesday EUeaing.
4. Work and Wages.--Silas Hopkins,
East Berkshire. .i..
5. Relation of Science to Agriculture
Prof Henry NJ. Seely, secretary Vermont
board.
9. Review Of New Hampshire Farming
j. o. Adams, secretary New Hampshire
board.
Wednesday Morning.
I. Better MakiDg.-G. s. Fassett. 81"
8. Grasses.-J. W. Sanborn, member
New Hampshire board
8. Tilling the Soil.--G. w. Hartshorn,
Canaan. '-st ta..a
II. Wednesday Afternoon.
10. Sheep Husbaudry DR. Kingsbury,
member New Hampshire board.
IL. Potato Culture. %. g. Priogle,
member Vermont board.
IL, Opportunities for Young Farmers. =
Col Mead, member Vermont board. r
Discussions are expected TO follow each
paper, and it is hoped that every one will
feel free to take part in them. Similar
meetings of the Vermont board will be
held, at which different programmes will be
presented, at the following places:
Rochester, Tuesday and Wednesday. De
cember IA and Is.
Ohelse q, Thursday aud Friday, Decem.
Der 16 aud IL.
Hinesburg, Wednesday and Thursday
December % and %.
Barre, Tuesday and Wednesday Decem.
Der, 28 aud 90.
Cabot, Thursday and Friday, December 80
and 81. .-rsr
Irasburgh, Tuesday and Wednesday, Jan
uary IL and l2. AHtaa.
Franklin, Thursday and Friday, January
l3 aud H.
Fayetteville, Tuesday and Wednesday,
January Is and 10.
POmfrst, Thursday aud Friday, January
20 and 81.
Orwell, Tuesday and Wednesday, Janu.
ary % and 26.
Brandon, Wednesday and Thursday, Jan.
uary q and 28.
Henry NJ. SEELY, Sec'y.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

MASSACHUSETTS STATE BOARD OF AaRIcuI-
TuRE.-The next country meeting of the
Massachusetts State Board Of Agriculture is
to be held at the city hall, ia Haverhill on
November 30 and December and 2, when
addresses and lectures will be delivered by
prominent agdculturists, specialists and SCI
entists, to be followed by discussions. Among
the speakers are the Hon George B. Loring,
who is to make the opening address, Hon
Levi Stockbridge, President Chadbourne of
Williams College, Rev VIM H. H. Murray,
and Chas l.. Flint, secretary Of the board.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
Danger to the Hog Crop.

Tho Prairie Farmer has this forcibls
statement Of a matter of vital moment to
Eastern as we'll as Western farmers
We remember no season in which the raw
ages by what is known as hog cholera have
been so extended or SO fatal in the Western
states as in this year of 1875. The fatality
among swine over a large portion of country
is positively discOuraging to the growers Of
pork. No man can consider his herd safe
from entire destruction within few days Of
the first appearance of the malady.
So far there has been no extended or thor
ough investigation into the causes Of the
disease, nor any intelligeutly. conducted nor
thorough method for its cure adopted. Just
why it appears upon one farm aud not upon
another to all appearances precisely the same
as to soil, humidity and culture, and on which
a similarity in feed and care prevails, the
stock being Of the same breed, is a mystery
remaining to be solved.
True, the country has been swarming with
quack nostrums for the certain cure of hog
cholera, and many intelligent farmers have
thought that by proper management Of the
feed, judicious care, and the administering
Of few common alternatives they have
escaped the afilction but yet the fact re-.
mains as above stated. that there has been
no such grouping of facts or experiments
regarding hog cholera as to furnish basis
for rational theory as To its cause, or for
rational course Of treatment for its proven.
tion or cure.
In times past We have frequently called
the attention Of the Illinois State Agricul.
tural Society to the importance of an effort
on its part to institute proper Investigation
into the matter, and the Importance of a
state appropriation for the purpose. But
the society felt little like going out Of its
regular working grooves, and the legislators
were more interested in ring bills aud local
legislation for selfish purposes than in the
general public good, aud nothing has been
done. Is il not about time that some one OF
our states set itself at work to thoroughly
investigate this scourge to one of Its most
important interests aud give to the people
the benefit Of an exhaustive report Nothing
can be expected from the department o.
agriculture at Washington, for it has hard
time enough to get sufficient mouey to mceI
its daily expenses. Congress will be deaf t
the grunts Of our porkers while the moaning
of the lobbyist are heard in the land. Can
not we have Legislature near home thai
can give this domestic animal matter little
consideration
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
Plant for a Name.


A correspondent at St Johnsbury sends
us specimens Of a little clover plant about
six inches high, which sPrang from seed
swept from freight car az that place, twenty
years ago, and asks what ii is, and il it is of
any value. We submitted 1t to Hon @. G.
Pringle of Charlotte. the bOtAnist, who very
kindly sends the following
Mr. EDITOR The little clover which you
have sent me is tryoliam arVsnse, H., and is
sometimes called frOm its silky head, which
suggests the soft foot Of a rabbit, rabbit
clover, and again, from its choice of dry,
gravelly, or stony fields, stone clover. 1t
is not native Of America, but came along
with our ancestors from the old world. 1t
is the most Insignificant and the least useful
of all our clOvers. If it offers little food to
animals, it claims but little from the soil,
but settles upon poor, thin land, from which
few plants can draw strength enough to crowd
upon it. 1t is spread abundantly over the
sandy tract which extends from the vicinity
of Burlington northward to Georgia, where
in the dryer and most worn lands it occupies
the soil, when that is not trying to yield a
scanty crop ofrye or buckwheat. 1t is a
very sure tell-tale upon an exhaustive system
of cropping Of such lands but il readily
yields its place 10 stouter growths, when
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
Remedy for Worms in Horses.

A correspondent of the Maine Farmer
gives this remedy for curing worms in horses:
l have found linseed meal the best thing 1
have ever used. Give from pint to quart
for few days, then less quantity will do.
l usually give this in shorts, meal or oats mixed
with boiling water and little salt put in
every day. In some cases q few doses of sour
apples without anything else, will remove
worms. like remedies that are easily
given. The meal is good feed for horses
in small quantities, if they are not troubled
with worms.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

The Board Of Agriculture has made ap-
pOintments for meetings at the following
places. West Rutland, November 20 and
30 LHdlow, December l and 2; Canaan,
December and 8; Rochester, December
IA and Isl Chelsea, December IL and IL !;
Hinesburg, December % and %; Barre,
December % and %; Cabot, December 30
and 81 /; lrasburgh, January IL and II /;
Franklin, January l3 and IA; Fayetteville,
January Is aud 10; Pomfret, January 20
and 81; Orwell, January 25 and 26;
Brandon, January 27 and 28. .f,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

are quickly fed up aud then left to enjoy
that autumnal repose which they carefully
seek, have no need Of them.
In spring small doses Of food given over
an extended period Of time stimulate owl
position, and hasten hive progress I; but
we deprecate the production Of brood in a
hive after the normal period for it has passed.
Our counsel for autumn feeding is-give
early, rapidly and abundautly.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

In DR. Sturtevant's experiment last sea-
son 10 raising corn with chemical manures
alone, forty pounds of suphate of ammonia,
one hundred fifty.one pounds of muriate of
potash, ffty-six pounds of sulphate of pot
ash and one hundred ninety pounds of super
phosphate (made from bone black sugar
re6ueriesI, costing S27 per acre, gave eighty
bushels Of corn per acre, at cost of twenty
two cents per bushel, on land that would
not give ten bushels per acre before.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

The Sullivan county Poultry Society will
hold bench show of chickens at Benefits
Hall, Newport, the second week in February.
The executive committee held business
meeting the 1lth inst, and are making every
effort, for fine show, which they are pretty
sure to have. no EEa
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26
Meeting Of the New -Hampshire Board
HiH Of Agriculture.

The New Hampshire Board Of Agriculture
will hold meeting at North Stratford, Dec
ember 9Th and 9th, "wednesday evening and
The following is the programme !;
Wednesday E0ening.
]. The Interests of Coos Couuty.-H. +.
Holton member of the board.
2. Feeding Neat Stock.-B. f, Hutchin-
son, member of the board.
3. Waste on the Farm.-C. Horace Hub
bard, member Of the Vermont board.
Thursddy Morning.
a. Cattle Raising.-J. M. Weare.
5. Potato Culture.-O. G. Pringle
member of the Vermont board.
Thursday afternoon.
6. Manure.--J. w. Sanborn, member OI
the boarl.
Z. Selection aud Care Of Cows for the
DAiry,-C. G.. Fassstt, member Of the Yer
mont board.
Thursday Epe1'ing.
8. Farm Buildings.-Ool j. b. Mead
member of Vermont Board.
9, Agricultural KnOwledgO.-Dr Kings
bury, member Of the board.
10. Leaves Prof Ssely, secretary o
Vermont board.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

HoNoRs TO THE PUMPKN.-"The Crown
log of the Pumpkin" a unique ceremony Of
the Paris autumn markets, aud of antigua
ted origin, is pleasantly described by Mr.
Robinson in his London Garden. All grow
ers who own specimen of extraordinary
size send in their claim. A decision is made
after long comparison aud much study,
The very biggest aud fairest of competing
pumpkins is picked out, adorned with paper
crown, raised upon a beautiful gilt board
hung with ribbons and little Aags, Four
giants, chosen among the porters and suit
ably Attired, carry it round the market.
Every stall-keeper is bound to rise and do
ObeisaAoe. Flowers and vegetables are cast
before the king. Two noteworthy market
women present an address. aud there is an
abundance Of innocent foOlery. It is the
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

President Hoffman Of the Emira farmers
club made an experiment with fertilizers
last season, using ammoniated super.
phosphate. ground bone, barnyard manure
and plaster, in strips of five rows each.
About teaspoonful was dropped in the hill
covered by half an inch of soil. He reports
a slight difference, say ten per cent. 10 ger
minatiOn and growth in favor Of the phos-
phato over ground bone. Bot the plots
when no fertilizer was applied, came up bot
ter, aud made better growth with brighter
color. Near the close of the season the diff
fesenee was more perceptible. The fertilized
strips had a wild look. The stalks were
thicker and cOarser, and ears not so we'll set,
filled out or ripened.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

Hon Alexis T. Smith, member of the
Vermont board of agriculture, will partici-
pate in tho joint meeting at Canaan, and
give an address on "The General Dairy
Interest" His announcement of his purpose
to attend did not reach US 10 time to be
printed 10 the programme.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

Editor Stewart saysin the Livestock Jour
nal that the misfortune is that farmers do
not see the necessity for agricultural educa-
tion, and it is likely to be some years before
they appreciate the advantages offered 1t
is unfortunately too true. 1t is the great
est obstacle that agricultural colleges meet.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-11-26

The Western New York farmers club at
q recent discussion on the subje ct, which we
end in the American Rural Home, were
unanimous in the opinion that dogs are
nuisance that it is impossible to keep
flock of sheep in western New York, on &C.
count Of dogs. Mr. Reed favored the passage
of law requiring owners Of dogs to give
security for the payment Of damages they may