davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
4 Remarkable Book.

In 1868 p T. Barnum wrote his Autobiogra-
ply for Burr & Co., the celebrated publishers
in Hartford, Conn.,, for which they paid him
$4,000 1t made a book Of 800 pages, was
profusely illustrated, gave a particular ac-
count of Barnum's eventful life in all parts of
the world, and included his celebrated lecture
on "The Art of Money Getting" Horace
Greeley pronounced the book worth hun
dred- dollar greenback to many a beginner in
life" The publishers sold 10000 copies Of
the book by subscription, at three dollars and
a half a copy. In ISL, when Mr.. Barnum
started his great travelling shows, he bought
back the copyright and stereotype plates Of
his book for $4,000, added an Appendix
bringing the account of his life up to that
date, printed an edition of 100000 copies,
sent them with his travelling shows, and sold
the whole of them at cost, one dollar each.
He has added an Appendix each year. which
has now increased the volume to a thousand
pages. 1t averages a sale of 1OO, 1000 copies
each year. They are neatly bound in muslin,
gilt, and sold in all his travelling shows. As
his patrons emerge from his great show tents
with his books under their arms, they look as
if coming from q circulating library! No
book in this country ever had such an enor-
nous sale, or SO abOunds in curious incidents
of real life and valuable experiences.-Buf
frZo Courier
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
Sun-Drawing.

With that prOneness to go wrong which
we notice in most things human and
which crops out in science as well as else
where, the art of making pictures by the
chemical action of radiant forces has got a
false name. This is all the worse, as it
was at first correctly designated, and that
too by him who had the clearest right to
give the process title. Davy and Wedge
wood early in the century had labored to
produce sun-pictures by means of the
camera obscura, but had met with little
success. In 1914 NJ. Neipce, of Chalons,
in France, took up the subject, and, in
the course of ten years assiduous work,
he succeeded in method of forming sun
pictures on chemically prepared copper,
pewter and glass plates, by which the
lights, semi-tints and shadows were repre-
sented as in nature, and he also succeeded
in making the impressions lasting. In
1927 he sent paper to the Royal Society
accompanied with specimens; but, as he
kept the process a secret. the cOmmunica-
ton could not be received. The process,
however, he named Heliography, or
sun-drawing, term by which it
was truthfully characterized. NJ. Da-
guerre, another Frenchman, had been
working at the same problem, and in 1929
these two men, with common purpose,
formed partnership to carry on their re-
searches Jointly. Nelpce died before the
work was matured, and Daguerre, very
naturally, reaped the honor of it. The
French Government bought his secret,
paying with a life pension and promulgat-
ing it to the world without restriction of
patent in August, 1899. The new pict-
ures were at once known as daguerreotypes,
and the mode of making them the
daguerreotype process These uncouth
terms endured for while, but were at
length supplanted by the word photog-
raphy, or tght-draning, which has become
established. Yet the appellation is incor-
rect and the error is as broad as the differ
cnce between light and darkness. 1t is
not light that makes the picture, but dark
radiations that are associated with it and
that have the peculiar effect of producing
changes in certain chemical compounds.
"Chemicat Radiattons," IN Popular Science
Wonthly.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
USEFUL AND SUGGESTIVE.

-Soft-soap should be kept in dry
place in cellar, and should not be used
for three months after it is made.
A string of amber beads about a
child's throat will prevent Group, because
it generates electricity; and for the same
reason pieces of sealing wax carried near
the person prevent the milder forms of
rheumatism Clereldnd Commercial Id
rertiSer.
In washing windows narrow bladed
wooden knife, sharply pointed, will take
out the dust that hardens in the corners OF
the sash. Dry whiting will polish the
glass, which should first be washed with
weak black tea mixed with little alcohol.
Save the tea-lcavcs for the purpose
Science Of Health.
Keep bottle Of spirits of ammonia
always on The toilet, but not where your
friends can mistake it for perfume. lit
tie in the water you use for bathing will
remove all odor of perspiration and leave
the skin soft and clean. 1t will cleanse
your brushes beautifully and remove all
oil and dust in the hair. For the hair use
carefully, rinsing well, and rubbing and
brushing till dry.-Erchanye-
An excellent liquid glue can be made
by dissolving glue in nitric ether. This
ether only takes up certain quantity Of
luton being too concentrated. The glue
obtained in this way can be made TO have
the consistency of molasses, and its tenacity
is twice that dissolved in hot water. A
few pieces of india-rubber of the size of
bullet, put into the glue and well shaken,
will dissolve in few days, and add to the
adhesiveness of the preparation, as well
as protect it from the action of the moist
ure.-Druggist's Circular.
On the instant of a scald or burn
plunge the part under cold water. This
relieves the pain in second and
allows all hands to become composed.
If the part cannot be kept under water,
cover it with dry flour, an inch deep or
more. In many instances nothing more
will be needed after the flour; simply let
il remain until it falls off, when a new
skin will be found under. In severer cases,
while the part injured is under water,
simmer leek or two in an earthen vessel
with half their bulk of hogs lard, until
the leeks are soft, then strain through Il
muslin rag. This makes greenish oint-
ment, which, when cool, spread thickly
on linen cloth and apply to the injured
part. If there are blisters let out the water.
When the part becomes feverish and I'M
comfortable, renew the ointment, and a
rapid, painless cure will be the result, if
the patient in the meanwhile lives exclu-
sively on fruits, coarse bread and other
light, loosening fruit.-Dr. Hall.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
Weapons OF Actinia.

We must now notice remarkable ap-
paratus known as the lassO-cells 1t
has been repeatedly observed that an
actinia has singing, or, as it is called,
an urticating power over the tissue of
other animals. Now, there are in differ
ent parts of the body of an actinia innu-
merable cells, from which, especially the
cells on the tentacles, it can dart an in
visible thread. The microscope can see
it, and has made known its structure. In
some species this delicate thread thus shot
out is a marvelously- complex affair. tits
coiled up, and when necessity urges, at the
will of the animal, it is darted like a cord
from spring-trap. Now, this is just the
simplest part of it; for, strange to say,
when this thread is shot forth, just at the
striking instant, out of the sides of this
invisible thread other threads or snares
spring, and these last are barbed. What
a wonderful mechanism is this!
Let me invite you to a sight / have
many times beheld. have in captivity a
hungry sea-fower. Knowing well what
suits its palate, I take delicate morsel
like pilule and let it fall into the water
1t descends upon the waving petals,
or tentacula, on the point of one
of which the pretty creature has caught
adjustment upon its more than fairy
fingers. For few moments it is balanced
with the incest poise on that dactylic
petal. All. voracious and unmanncrly
little hummer ola minnow sees the delicious
morsel, and makes a rapid dash to snatch
it from my pet. "Goodl good! Well
done, my bonniew l did not see the
slightest motion of that indignant flower
creature; yet assuredly there was move
ment and an effective one, too; for the
Zoophyte had shot one of its invisible
shafts; and the ichthyic thief dashes off
like one frantic with pain. Is he hurt?
Likely His is an urticated experience
He is stung in the snout! See how he
seems to shake his nose! He fairly seems
to sneeze again, and actually conducts
himself much like a puppy that, unin-
vited, has put his nose into a bowl of hot
soup All, ha! He is rubbing his fishy
proboscis against frond of sea-lettuce
Perhaps the salad may cool his burning
pain.
Mr.. Fish soon RECEIVERS his equanimity
of mind; and it is observable that his
difference to Mrs. Actinia since that affair
has been of a decidedly distant character
PREF. LOcktoood, tn Popular Science
Month{v
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

More complaints reach us every year of
the failure of carrot and parsnip seed than
of any other two kinds of vegetables
Doubtless there are large quantities of old
seed sold which has lost its vitality, but,
this is generally mixed with good, fresh
seed, total failure will seldom occur if
the proper precautions are taken in pre-
pairing the soil for its reception. Plants
of either the above-named roots are quite
delicate when they first appear above
ground and quite liable to be injured by
drought, heavy rains, or smothercd by
weeds. If the soil is of very compact
nature, the surface becoming hard and
baked after showers, the young plants fire.
quently perish in their attempts to break
through the crust. To avoid failure, all
these conditions should be taken into ac-
count in preparing secd-bed, and the
surface made of as light and friablc nature
as possible, all Jumps being broken down
with harrow and roller. To avoid all hard
feelings against sccdsmen, it is well to test
dozen or two of the seed in advance of
sowing in the garden. 4 flower-pot
or small box filled with fine soil and then
placed in warm room, where il
can be watched and watered when ncccs-
sary, will usually enable "A man TO lay the
blame for garden failures Just where il he
longs. We think that any man who will
sow half-acre or more of ground with
any kind of vegetable seeds without know
ing positively in advance whether the
seed is good or not is very likely to be-
come II victim of misplaced confidence in
other matters rs we'll.
OF course it is IN uncomfortable state of
mind to be always thinkin" that every
body is dishonest but your own dear self;
still it is quite safe to practice something
of the sort in business matters, especially
when it is easy to know you are right
before going ahead ms in this instance of
testing seeds. Soaking the seed for few
hours, then mixing with dry ashes or plas-
frequently sufficiently To enable us To
hoe or cultivate before the weeds have
made much show in the same same ground.
Another point worthy of attention is to
avoid covering the seeds too deep, espe-
cially on heavy soils. A half-inch of soil is
abundant covering Ne,c Yorker
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
Teaching q Dog to Perform Tricks.

We have taught our dog to go into the
corner when commanded in the following
way: BY attracting her attention To a
piece of meat held rather out of reach, and
gradually enticing her toward the corner,
then talking to her all the time and in
structing her how to STAND, frequently re-
peating the word we wish her To particu
larry notice, viz. corner" After stand
ing second or two, we give her the meat,
lenThening the time of standing between
each lesson. Now, when we point to the
place and say corner" we find she walks
in of her own accord, and of course is re-
warded after. Another of her tricks is
WALKING This is done by holding a piece
of meat high and moving it in IA circle,
saying waltz" and gently scolding when
She jumps. She stands up and walks, or
rather runs, upon her hind legs, exactly as
we move the meat Now she will do it
without meat when we say waltz An
other trick is jumping over, through and
under the back of cane-bottomed
chair This we taught her by holding
a piece of meat and standing some way
behind the chair with her upon the seat;
then showing her by pointing what we re-
quired her 10 do, we said cover" and she,
of course, jumped over for The meat; the
same " through" the bar and under"
OF course she tried at first to do everything
III 'ne hl1nirr easiest 10 herself, Dut ny
practice she soon found it was no use. An
other trick: We arrange the chairs in a
scmi-cirClc round the room and make her
run over them upon the seats; this was
done by eniicing her from one chair to an
other. Now, we allow some distance be-
tween each chair, and she runs round as
quickly as possible and stands up upon
the last one, waiting for her tithit A dog
of ordinary sagacity can be taught almost
anything by kindness and perseverance;
but if you lose your temper or are impa
tient they are ruined, becoming either
stubborn or nervous. The great thing is
To talk to dogs and encourage them and
make companions of DEMONSTRATING.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
Deep Sea SOundings.

In lecturing recently before the Royal
Society on the Challenger expedition to
the n forth Pole, Prof Huxley adverted 10
the work which it was expected would be
done in reference to the distribution of life
at the bottom of the deep sea. The first
instrument which successfully brought up
portions of this bottom was used by Sir
John Ross in 1918, seconded by Captain,
afterward Sir Edward, Sabine. The result
of their observations-mic ex-
aminations being then unknown-had not
been exactly preserved, but subsequent
soundings little further north showed
that the bottom was entirely made up Of
the skeletons or cases of diatomaccOus
plants and radiolaria, the silicious matter
being otaincd from the water by the action
of those plants, which cover the surface in
places like thick scum. We have thus
a silicious polecap, extending to about
fifty-tive degrees, and it was not without
reason that when in 1889 the Admiralty
fitted out an Antarctic expedition Hum
bodt suggested that attempts should be
made to ascertain the existence of an Ant
arctic cap of the same nautre-a conject-
urc which was perfectly verified. Be
tween these two zones Ehrenberg, so long
ago that his merits were apt to be ignored,
had demonstrated that the greater portion
of the sea bottom was composed of globi-
gerina mari, formed by the deposit of
organisms similar to those now living
Whether at the bottom or not was Il
point which he would not decide, for
Prof. Wyville Thompson and some of his
colleagues were at issue on this point; but
if so, certainly at the surface also. One
remarkable fact was due to the Challenger
investigations only, namely: that below
depth of about IA 900 feet, instead of the
well-known globgerina clay, there was
red mud, which on chemical examination
was found to be the same substance, OF
which only about or per cent. was dis
covcrable in the globigerina mud-a strik-
Ing instance of the power of the infinitely
little. Another striking fact was the iden
tity of the green sand now forming in
certain parts of the deep sea with the green
sand long known to biologists. In con
clusion the professor, without entering
into any controversy with physicists, who
said the forces formerly at work on tho
earth must have been greater than now,
was content to affirm that within the time
of which they had any record there was
no proof that they were ever any greater
than now. This grand truth had been
first clearly maintained by Sir Charles
Lyell, in whom, though he was unable to
be with them, yet age had not lessened
the force of his intelligence or the vivacity
with which up to the age of eighty he fol-
lowed the progress of knowledge, and
who lived to see the heresy of his you'll
become the truism of his old age.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
Balzac's Slim ulant.

A writer in the Home Jour7sM saws ::
Balzac, who had the disease of creative
genius in its most outrageous form,
preached TO u.s., says Theophile Gautier,
The strangest hygiene ever propounded
among Iaymen. If we desired to hand
down our names to posterity as authors it
was indispensable that we should immune
ourselves absolutely for two or three years
that we should drink nothing but water
and eat soaked beans like Protogcnes :
that we should go to bed at sunset and rise
at midnight to work hard till morning:
that we should spend the whole day in re-
vising, amending, extending, pruning,
perfecting and polishing our nights work,
in correcting proofs or taking notes, or in
other necessary study If the author hap
pened to be in love he was only to see the
lady OF his heart for one-half hour a year,
tut he might write to her, for the cold
bloOded reason that letter-wrting improves
the style. Leon GoZlan's account of the daily
life of the author of the Comcdie HUI
maine has often been quoted lie began his
day with dinner at six in the afternoon. at
which, while he fed his friends generously,
he himself ate little besides fruit and
drank nothing but water. AT seven o'clock
he wished his friends good night and went
10 bed AT midnight he rose and worked
ill dinner-time the next day; and so the
world went round. George Sand calls
him Drunk on water, Incorporate in
work, and sober i'm all other passions
When he sat down to his desk his servant
used to place coffee within reach, and upon
this he worked till his full brain would
drive his starved and almost sleepless
body into such self forgetfulness that he
often found himself at daybreak, bare
headed and in dressing gown and slippers,
in the Place du Carrousel, not knowing
he came there, and miles away from home
Now, coffee acts upon some Compartments
like laudannm upon others, and many of
the manners and customs of Balzac were
hose of confirmed opium-eater"
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

DISEASED LUNGS ARE GREATLY ON AN IN
CREASE IN THIS COUNTRY.-The sudden
changing of weather has done much to give
rise to Consumption. But thousands bring
it on by their own imprudsncc, such as wear
ing damp clothing and going from the warm
room into the cold air and checking the per-
SEPARATION, which causes irritation of the
Lungs, and then matter or phlegm will col
lcct, which nature will try to relieve by
coughing. If nature does not raise the mat
ter with ease and stop this Inflammation,
tubercles will soon form and Consumption
will soon follow. Aliens Lung Balsam will
cure Consumption if it is only taken in tune.
For sale by all Medicine Dealers.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
What Is Thy Name?

1t is often the case that persons wht
write, on the whole, a legible hand sigi
their name so care!cssly that Il strange
can scarcely make out what it is. Any o
our readers who have fallen into such
habit woald do well To learn lesson from
the anccdotc told of Rev. w. S. Potts
ID. d.:
When clerk in Philadelphia he took
bill to a Quaker, and had sigucd the 10
ccipt with one Of those hieroglyphic car
touches sometimes seen on bank notes now
The Quaker, taking up The paper, sal,
blandly: Friend, what is this at the ho'
tom ~
THAT, sir, is my name"
"What is thy namc2''
william :. Potts
"Well, William, will thee please t,
write it down under here plainly, )
that witness in court would know il ~
Ever after DR.. Potts wrote and lived :,
that no man could mistake word or letter
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

THE HUMAN HAIR.-How many persons
abuse this delicate and beautiful ornament
by burning it with alcoholic ,cdshes and plas-
tering it with grease, which has no affinity
for the skin and is not absorbed. Burnett's
Cocoaine, u compound of cocoanut oil, ETC.,
is unrivaled as u dressing for the harris
readily absorbed, and is peculiarly adapted
to its various conditions, preventing its fall
ing off and promoting its healthy growth.
See advertisement.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

Governmental Dispensary says that no medi-
cine-chest is now complete without Johnsons
Anodyne Liniment. We always supposed it
was prescribed by law; if it is not it ought to
be, Tor certainly there is nothing in the whole
nidterid nedica of so much Importance to the
soldier and the sailor as JOhnso,.'s Anodyne
Lifaine,1t.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

VETERINARY SURGEONS all over the country
are recommending &eridan's Capalry Condi-
ton Io,ciers for the following troubles in
hair, stoppage of bowels or water, thick
water, coughs and colds, swelling of the
glands, worms, horse ail, thick wind and
heaYeS
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
Latest Black Hills News.

A fine chrome of zen. Custer, 19x25, and
the Bismarck Tribune six months sent to any
address for 81. 90. The chrome is commended
as an excellent work OF art, and the Tribune is
published seventy-tive miles nearer and gives
more information concerning them than any
other newspaper. Prof. Phelps, Principal
Minnesota State Normal School, accompanies
Sheridsns expedition to the gold fields as it's
special correspondent. Inclose S1.00 and
address Tribune, Bismarck, d. 7.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

THE most eminent organists Of Paris
and London, as well as Warren, Morgan,
Zundel, of Trinity, Grace and other prln-
cipal churches in New York, have given
to the Mason s. Hamlin Organ Company
written testimonials to the superiority of
the ir cabinet organs, which they declare
to have excellencies not found in others.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01
DIR. PrERcE's Golden Medical Discovery will

DR- PIERCE's Golden Medical Discovery will
cure Cough in one-haf the Tine necessary
to cure it with any other medicine, and 1t does
1t, not by drying ii up, but by rtnsoying the
cause, su6duing the irritation and healing the
affected parts. For all cases of Larynsitis,
Hoarseness, Suppression or Loss of Voice,
Bronchitis, Severe Chronic or Lingering
Coughs, it will be found to surpass any medi-
cine that has ever before been offered to the
public. 1t is sold by all dealers in mcdi-
cines.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

No WONDER the world is sour. Z. l.. Prus-
sing Il Co, Chicago, can make $50 barrels
White Wine Vinegar daily.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

The project of putting an organ in q
Scotch Presbyterian Church at Sheffield,
England, recently, excited such pious hor-
ror that it was carried by majority Of
only four, and on Saturday night it was
found that hole had been cut in the bel
lows by some of the faithful.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

The Elastic Truss of Pomeroy & Co, IA
Broadway, N. Y, is by far the best in use.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

MODERN MEDICAL DIsCovERY.-It is
claimed that disease, with a few excep-
tions, has been conquered by the research
and intellect of enlightened men; and
yet a noted professor of New York ad-
mits that, "of all sciences, medicine is the
most uncertain" and that thousands
are annually slaughtered in the sick
room" Certain "schools" of medicine
are in existence, one of which " makes tho
patient ill" in order to claim a cure, and
another administers "sugar- coated bread
pills" relying upon nature to effect her
own cures. DIR. j. WALKER, of California,
an old and respected physician, tried both
modes of treatment and both failed. He
then appealed to natures curative-herbs;
and now enjoys rugged health. He has
given the benefit of mis- discovery to the
world, in the shape of VINEGAR BITTERs,
and since its Introduction has sold a
quantity almost large enough to make a
small harbor, or to float the Great East
ern." Its curative properties are at
tested by grateful thousands. 81
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-05-01

Paris has 1000 laundrcsscs, Whose
receipts equal 100000 francs year
50,0O0,O 900 for rough work and 10, 0O0,0
for getting up muslin and fine linen.