The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-10-25
and prejudice Heaven has destroyed. q
loue you, and in the sight Of God, humble
IS you are, we stand as equals
SCIENCE
TROY AND ITS REMAINS.

TROY AND ITS REMAINS.
It is needless to allude to the numberless
volumes written on the Trojan war and the
site Of Troy, or the various theories preached
to reconcile the alleged discrepancies be-
tween the Homeric narrative and the ex-
isting physical geography Of the region.
Strange as it seems. no one OF the numer-
Gus disputants appears to have conceived
the obvious truth that simple use. OF the
spade would determine the facts Of the an
cientoccupation Of given site more salts
factorily than the waste of gallons Of con-
troversial ink. By this method OF excava-
ton DR.. Henry Schliemann has proved ex-
haustively that all the sites for the ancient
civ most favored by modern. scholars were
physically impossible. They offered not a
shadow Of evidence that they had ever been
inhabited by any but, slight or transitory
settlements-presenting no analogy with
the world famed beleaugured city Of Priam
and Hector. One exception only remained,
the site of the Greek colony Of Ilium or
New Troy, supposed by all antiquity to re-
place the ancient city, until the time of
Strabo, when new hypothesis was framed
and gradually obtained acceptance. This
is now represented by the Hill of Hissar-
lik. Standing. at the very point OF junction
between the East and West, in the region
where is found the connecting link be-
tween the primitive Hellenic populations Of
Asia and Europe, the Hill Of Hissarllk,
dominates over the alluvial plain OF the
Troad, forming in its present condition o
vast earthen mound about one hundred feet
high. Its appearance forcibly recalls the
like condition of the old oriental capitals
on the Tigris and the Euphrates, and, like
them. it offers a reward for investigation
never accepted until this late day. The
natural advantages Of the site resembled
those of most Of the early Greek settle
ments. A hill fort, or acropolis, backed at
short distance by the snow-clapped noun
lain chain Of Ida, near but not close upon
the sea. in a situation suited at once for de-
fence against the neighboring barbarians,
and for the development of the infant,
though active, commercial intercourse with
foreign countries, whence were, derived the
objects of distant origin, copper, ivory, ETC.,
now occurring so plcntifully among the de-
bris of antiquity. This mound Of Hissar-
Xix was the scene of DR.. Schliemann's ex-
ertions for the best part Of three years,
lS7l-1873, and the main portion OF his
book is the record Of the daily progress of
his researches detailed with scrupulous
fidelity.
DR.. johnson said that the only great in
stance of the enjoyment of wealth that he
had ever known was that of Mr.. Dawkins,
the discoverer of Palmyra, who, going to
visit the city, and hearing the way was i'm
tested with robbers. hired a troop Of Turk
ish horse to guard him. A similar instance
would have been furnished by the advan-
tages enjoyed by Dr. Schlieman, fortunately
science. The contents of the mound were
so anomalous that, if attacked in the ordi-
| nary way of travellers, it would have
proved a mere chaos-a riddle full of strange
meanings never to be read. But the pos
| session of wealth, combined with zeal and
perseverance,, made all things plain and
clear. All the ground that could be pur-
chased was bought, capable superintendent
familiar with railway cuttings were en-
Gagged to overlook hundred and fifty
workmen with eighty eight wheelbarrows,
one hundred and eight spade, one hundred
and three pickaxes, etc, all of the best
| English manufacture, 50 that more than
sixty thousand dollars have been expended
on the task. Pounds Of quinine aud quarts
| marsh feyers and accidents at the com
mencement Of each season, when DR.. and
Mrs Schliemann settled down in their
| wooden house at the summit OF the mound,
fully determinedto thoroughly explore its
mysteries and long buried contents.
It is difficult to explain briefly the pro-
| gress Of the researches, but the order Of
| the discoveries made was this: The hrst
objects Of attack were the immense SUBJ
| structures Of hewn stone and remains Of the
| Greek colony of Ilium or New Troy, city
| well-known to have fourished Tor thou
sand years previous TO its apparent des-
| sertion, third or fourth century after
Christi, and possibly containing one hun
bred thousand inhabitants. These ruins
had for centuries formed . quarry for the
| neiohborhood. The depth Of soil now
traceablc TO tho existence Of this great city
was not more than six feet. One splendid
piece Of sculpture, Melope from the Fem
ME Of the Sun, and the usual coins, weap.
ons II bronze. etc, Of classic times, were
furnished by these deposits. Seven feet be
low, at a depth Of thirteen feet from the sur
| face. were foun,l the remains Of another
city built by an Aryan tribe las shown By
the symbols on their terra-cotta poetry
| principally of wood, and TO whom the use o
bronze vas unknown, as all the lances
battle-axes, etc.. discovered were Of pure
copper, though curiously enough they ar
accom- panied BY stone implements, splendid
" polished axes and hammers; and il j
one of the most noticeable facts CONNECTED
with DR.. Schlienann's discoveries that thes'
stone implements were found in every
stratum except the highest Or Grecian one
and must have been in use simultaneously,
with those made Of metal Numerous cal
cined layers Of debris proved that tn
wooden Illium was frequently devastated o
destroyed By FIRE, and its Inhabitants wer'
in an inferior stage Of civilization TO tina
enjoyed by their predecessors, the remain
Of whose city were arrived At ten feet lower
or twenty three feet from the surface. Thes
people built with small stones cemented witt
earth. and sun-dried bricks Stone weap
ons and implements predominant, fhougl
metal ones are found - well - pecuIia
type Of black terra-cotta vases Ten Zee
lower down were reached the remains nos
unhesitatingly referred 70 BY Dr. ScaLe
mann and By Ill competent scholars 20 n