davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26
Straihgt to 6raziEThe Latest Dreamof st.
Louis Shaking OFF the East.


A leading st. Louis exchange has these
editorial views: The shortest distance
between two points is a straight line.
This mathe NAUTICAL axiom admits of
neither argument nor denial, vet our
merchants seem to prefer any regular
course to reach the goal of prosperity
and fortune, or the whirlpool of circles
and rings, which more frequently lead to
disaster, than as traight line. The nearest
and cheapest possible route bv which
the Valley States can ship their produce
or obtain their imports, is by the Missis-
sippi river.
Still, strange as it may seem, we shin
our flour and wheat, first 1900 miles by
rail east to Baltimore or New York.
thence across the Atlantic to Liverpool :
again, recrossing the Atlantic to the
South America coast, and south to Bra
iii, thus making a triangular voyage to
Rio of fifty days, not including delays,
when we could, by direct voyage from
the mouth of the Mississippi accomplish
the same voyage in twenty-one days.
The idea that wheat should be shipped
first to New York, thence to Liverpool
to be ground into flour. and then to Rio,
should strike our millers as an absurdity ;
and yet it is done! Mans nature is gen.
orally adverse to the accomplishment OF
any object by a straight course, upon the
principle that an uncertainty is more al
Turing than fixed fact. Men rush wild
ly into sllver-mine speculation, and all
kinds Of impracticabilities, instead OF
pursuing q straight line tor the attain
ment Of fortune.
The road to prosperity for the Valley
States, whose commence is valued at
two billions of dollars per annum, is to
open trade with Brazil by direct line
OF steamers from the mouth of the Mis-
sissippi river, which would in short
time build up for us a numerical in
tercourse unsurpassed for its dazzling
wealth, by mutual exchange of pro-
ducts. Yet it would appear, although
we have millions of capital lying idle,
we have neither the enterprise nor the
energy to put the Mississippi Valley and
Brazil steamship line into operation.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26
THE PHILOSOPHY OF HoErSG 1t NJ

THE PHILOSOPHY OF HOEISG 1t NAV
be overdone. There is reason in every-
thing. .seven in roasting eggs.r rs the
saving is. So in hoeing crops. If we
hoe up the soil in large Jumps, as we
are apt to do with the very serviceable
modern prong-hoes. we let the keen. dry
air into contact with the starting but en-
feebled roots, and by their parching, an
irreparable injury is done. Such Jumps
should be crushed down so as to be
permeable to air throughout and yet
serve to protect roots from its free sweep.
But as in avoiding Scylla we may run to
wreck on Charybdis, so in crushing the
soil we maylmake it too fine, in which
case the first heavy rain will run the sur
face together in crust impervious to
the air, and for want of enough OF air.
so essential to active roo. action, growth
will be checked until the hoe or its
equivalent Is used again to break up and
open the surface crust. Some soils have
such texture as TO prevent this packing
effect of rains, in which case they are
apt to produce more than tar richer soils
which ssrun.n A surface dressing or
mulch of vegetable matter, or the shall
low working in of manure, greatly IA
vors the productiveness of such fine,
competing soils, which with vigilant
summer hoeing will yield more than any
coarser soils can.-IW.. Tyrone, Penn.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26

POTATO EXPERIMENTs.-On the Mich.
igan Agricultural College farm, potatoes
were planted May 7, 1874. on groand
equally we'll prepared, yet we do no,
know by two years of previous expert
menting, that some Of the ground was
naturally better than the rest. Soil was
sandy loan, not very rich. The variety
experimental on and here mentioned
was Campbell's Late Rose. Six hills
were used for each experiment.
Blossoms removed as formed-pota.
toes weighed II lib s or.
Planted in top Of ridge nine inches
high-weighed Is ID 4 OF.
Planted one foot deep-15 Id.
Planted six inches deep-13 10 8 OF.
Planted on surface and covered with
straw-13 ID.
Planted one-third of seed end of tubel
IL Id or.
Planted two-thirds of stem end of tn.
ber-24 Id.
Planted tubers with sprouts eight inch.
es long-l5 10.
Planted tubers with sprouts removed
6 lb.
Removing about one-third Of the tops
at three different times after the tops
were quite large-weighed % Id.
Tops layered and rooted-l0 Id s OF
Tops trained to q stake-11 Id.
About so varieties Of potatoes were
planted in small quantity about May 20.
in soil apparently of the same quality.
The soil was quite sandy with fair
dressing of manure. The potatoes were
planted in rows 81 feet apart, and in
hills about IA inches apart, using gener-
ally one-half of q medium sized tuber in
q place. The hills had each a good
shovelful OF well.rotted manure and q
handful OF unleached ashes stirred in
with the soil. The potatoes were all
ripe when dug. Three hills Of each va
riety were weighed, with the following
results: -
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26
Chloroform for Milk.

Experiments made by J. P. Barnes,
of London, seems to have established
the fact that few drops of chloroform
will preserve milk entirely pure and
sweet for several days, by preventing
the Tactic fermentation. Eight fluid
ounces of milk placed in each of two
vessels; to one ten minims, and to
the other twenty minims OF chloro-
form were added. They were kept in a
warm place and several times aggitated.
At the expiration OF five days, that con-
tanning ten minims had developed Tactic
acid in quantity sufficient to separate the
casino while that containing twenty, re-
NAMED perfectly fresh. Some of our
readers may find it convenient to pre-
serve milk in this manner. Before u.s.
ing, the milk should be boiled to drive
off the chlorotorm.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26

Brownelfs Beauty, seed one eye to q
hill; yield and quality fine.
Compton's Surprise, one eve to hill.
Early Vermont, enc eye to hill, appeared
to excel every other variety in yield. In
these last three cases and two others
previously given there was an error IN
not saving the hills bv themselves when
dug. We have planted most Of the
above sorts for several years. Some Of
them give unmistakable evidence of run
ming out. The yield diminishes and the
quality of many is very poor-searcely
nit to eat Judging from previous obser-
vations, but very little value can be put
upon the weights as given above. The
next season may change the relative
yield of manv kinds, and the next after
may differ from both the others. In 1875
we shall try some $50 varieties.-lNichi-
gan agricultural Report
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26

MORE GRAss.-How shall the original
fertility of the soil be restoredp is the
great problem which it is our duty to
solve. 1t can be solved by introducing
proper system Of rotation of crops,
and by growing more grass and less
grain. Our salvation consists in the
practical recognition Of the old Belgian
proverb: .sNograss, no cattle; no cat
tie, no manure; no manure, no crops.
A district of country, which is exclusive
or mainly a natural grass growing sec.
ton, has within itself all the elements OF
successful agriculture, provided its oper-
ations are conducted with system and
economy. A country having soil nat
urally adapted to grass, is, in a great
measure, able to live within itself, and
not be dependent upon an exchange oil
commodities with other districts. Upon
such soil as this, the farmer has al
hand the means to secure whatever he
desires; or, to apply the proverb already
quoted, he has corn, cattle and manure.
In fact. grass an ! stock husbandrv, is
almost the only branch of farming which
seems to render man more Independent.
The preservation of the fertility Of
our soils, and the profitable and increased
production of cereals, can best be Sc
cured by growing grass extensively
The question has been asked, why is il
that France, which has three acres to one
under cultivation when compared with
England. produces in the aggregate nc
more than the latter? It is accounted
for in this way. Every acre of English
grain land receives the manure from
three acres Of grass, while in France
the manure from each half acre Of grass
must be diffused over two and a hall
acres of grain. Such system as is ad-
opted in England is in accordance with
natures laws, and it is the one which
must eventually be adopted by intelli-
gent American farmers. Such system
constitutes good tillage, and there is no
more limit to the capability of the rich
prairie lands that stretch away in almost
endless perspective, than there is to the
atoms which exist in the atmosphere, in
in the ocean, and in the solid earth. 1t
does require, however, both study and
applied science to change pound oil
air into a pound of wheat, corn, cotton,
meat or wool to the best advantage
Rural World.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26
COMING.

Here has fallen splendid tear
From the passion flower at the gate,
She is coming; my dove, my dear,
She is coming, my lif ), my fate
The red rose cries, "She is near, she is
near"
And the white rose weeps, "sEe is late;"
The larkspur listens, 81 hear, | hear,''
And the lily whispers, Il watt
She is coming, my dear, my sweet;
Were it ever SO airy tread,
My heart would hear her and beat;
Were it ca: tn in an earthly bed,
My dust would hear her and beat
Had lain for century dead,
Would start and tremble under her feet,
And blossom IN purple and red
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26

GRAPE GRATING IN THE FALL.-Last
fall, early in December, we did consider
able grape grating, covering up the
work 50 as to keep out frost. At this
time-June 2d-we can see the result.
and it is quite satisfactory. There is al
ways more time in the fall and early
winter, when there are mild spells OF
weather; and If done then, it need not
be attended to in the spring.
Last spring we mentioned the idea of
using Clinton cuttings with the lower
eyes cut out, 80 as to do away with the
suckers which that variety throws ND so
numerously. This spring we grated
those in rows where the cuttings were
planted. One went along with hoe,
taking away the earth down about three
inches, then clipping them off with q
pair of grape shears; another followed
with long thin-bladed knife in one
hand and tack hammer in the other.
setting the knife at the right place and
giving one stroke with the hammer.
when they were ready for the gratis
The gratis, if long.joinSed, were Of but
one eye, with about four inches of wood
below the eye; if short-jointed, two ewes
were left. They were wedge-shaped in
the ordinary way, and stuck in at q
slight angle 50 as to be sure of crossing
the sap. No tying was done, but the
earth was pressed firmly around the
gratis, taking care not to displace them.
The whole row was then covered over
the bud which was in all cases brought
on level with the surface Of the ground
shout one inch with chip earth that
had been run througha sieve, the finish
ing touch being to strew dry grass and
weeds on the row. The work was done
so speedily that think would under
take to put in five hundred q day with
the help Of . boy.
Now these gratis look as if they in
tended doing their very best. They may
not all grow, yet most of them will.
Very few suckers to bother with.
On the whole, we consider the thing
well worth repeating, and now we have
thousand Clinton cuttings prepared IN
the same way. If in this way we can
make plant for almost every eye Of
those so hard to propagate Otherwise,
we can make good use Of the Clinton,
a. It strikes very readily from cuttings.
This grating was done all through
April, from the beginning to the end,
and we see no apparent difference in the
success. While grating the last, the
vines bled freely, TINS showing that that
Is no serious matter. Ny impression 4.
that much Of the ill-success In orsne
grafting is owing to the gratis MOI s.
ing sound or well kept, and not properly
covering the gratis when see-ksrnl
HOrld.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26
POETRY.
COUNTRY LIFE.

Hcrd easy quiet, secure retreat,
a hamlet life that knows not how to cheat,
With home bred plenty the rich owner bless,
And rural pleasures crown his happiness,
Unvex'd with quarrels, undisturbed with
noise,
The couctry king his peaceful real enjoys:
Cool srots and living lakes, the flowry pride,
Of meads and streams that through the valley
glides;
And shady groves, that easy sleep invite,
And, after toilsome days, sweet repose at
night.
Dryden.
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26

Every household knows the value Of .
good cement 70 mend broken glass
ware, china, &c. We find In the Scies-
fitc Anerieon that the Diamond Cement
80 highly spoken Of i simply isinglass
boiled IN wafer to the cOnsistence Of
cream, with : small portion of receiied
spirit added. + mus b warned when
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26
GRANGE ITEMS.

Oranges are spreading all over Cana
da. This is a sign the institution is dy-
ing out, and the middlemen and monop-
olists are consequently taking heart.
The Patrons Mutual Fire Insurance
Company, of Southern Pennsylvania, is
| now issuing policies. having secured
| risks to the amount Of 100000.
We now number over six hundred
Oranges, with membership probably
exceeding eighteen thousand, and by
fair week Of the State Agricultural So
ciety we have great hopes that at least
ten thousand more substantial Virginia
farmers will be added to the grand army
of yoemanry.-[Vi Virginia Patron.
The editor of tho Virginia Patron re-
Gently received the following letter:
Holly Creek
Wise County Pa
to the editor of Virginia patron
| Dear Sir you mead not to send your papers
here for the grangers has left hear and don't
want to be pestered with your papers
| resp city yours Eli vxnover, M
the CHANGERS has all left Wise they ar all dead
in tres pas & in sin.
The editor now advises the middle
men to run Mr.. Hanover for Superintend-
ent of Public Instruction.
To represent that the grange or grang-
ers are opposed to railroad corporations
| is false. They are friends of an hon.
estly conducted railroad, and the enc
mics OF all others. The man who would
oppose railroad simply because it was
such is tool. No intelligent man or
body of men would ever think of doing
such thing, but the rancorous hatred Of
! ignorant men towards the grange is sim
ply astonishing Pontiac (IN.) Free
Trader.
That the Grange movement ia having
its effect listen to the following account'
printed n . neiohhor;no naner.
90 ,,;aa,.,..n H.,..a !, ~ -.
His cost w saedx h;s re feat vsre hsre
He drove with whiD. and club md curse.
A yoke Of oxen ten times worse-
Slim and hungry, gsunt and lean
he yas = man IF letter too
Plain but simple, direct but few,
For spelling not exact or nice,
bis wagon wore this strange device:
~ Fur SAIL
ws sous We" sIo" w Win
'o oou"s'y -n"O''o' "e'o"'
1.-The farmers war on railroads, spite
OF the contempt n which the swell
heads OF the road erected to treat It, has
set the honest managers OF all OF the
roads to studying the fare and freight
problem with view to meet the de-
mands Of the public. The Illinois Gen.
trai road Is trying the experiment Of
cnarserfng passenger cars TO parties Of
~ 70 'n G car 2. " per mile OF % miles or
over. Ih's would De at the rate OF 2
cents . mile Tor each passenger. For
distances Of ~ miles or less they charge
xi.oo per mile per car. Let the agifa-
!ion, inc war, as taey call It, 90 On.
II VII res1'. IN permanent good 70 the
- 1919 s,a an. H.. ~ , ~ Ia'lluaas, O1. we
nave only pity Tor the coots who deplore
TINS railroad agitation. Such are only
= LOT a. aD|sc1 . slaves e ne iirsI r1flan
The anti-monopolist. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1874-1878, 1875-07-26

A GrangcrJ Mercantile Company ha,
been organized in Wasco county, Ore
gon- CaPisal $780,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-12-06
did good days work yesterday, and will be stronge
with the people for il.
CAREER OF THE CANDIDATE.

The Hon. Michael G.. Kerr the candidate OF
the Democratic caucus for the speakershp of the House
OF Representatives, born near Tusville Crawford
County, Penn, March 49, 1897, Of parents In mod
crate circumstances He was chiefly sefeducated hut
studied at the Erie Academy where he graduated at
the age of 10. During his attendance at the Academy
Mr.. Kerr became attached to Miss COover a school
teacher in Erie, and Immediately after his graduation
married her. At his request the marriage was
kept o secret until his return from the
West, where he remained about two years.
BY teaching school Mr. Kerr earned the means 10 de-
fray his expenses at the Louisville University, where he
received the degree of Bachelor of Laws in 1851 In
1852 he began the practice OF law In the office OF Judge
Smith, at New-Albany, Ind, nearly opposite Louisville
the Ohio River. His ability, industry and integrity
brought him TO the notice Of the public and in 1884
he elected City Attorney at NewAlbany One year
later he chosen Prosecuting Attorney OF the county
Floyd. In 1856 and 1857 he wac mem
Der of the Indiana Legislature. Five
years later, In 1862 ne elected Re
porter OF the Supreme Court OF indiana and edited five
volumes Of reports In 1864 Mr. Kerr was elected rs
Democrat to the XXXIXh Congress- in which he served
the Committees Private Land Claims and on Ac-
counts. In the XLth Congress ne member Of the
Committees Elections and Roads and Canals. In the
XLIst Congress Mr.. Kerr was member of the Civil
Service Committee and in the XIIId wac member of
the Committee Ways and Means. In 1872
lac was defeated for Congressman-atIarge IN
tue Ablliu touSIcsS, ~ 'oHofo o. ci'"' '"V '""'"
istratOn candidate, who received a majority
of 1876 Mr. Kerr elected to the XLVth Congress in
1874 by majority OF 200 out of total of 2G573 votes
While yet young man Mr.. Kerr's career was fore
Swallowed by the late Judge John Gabfath OF the Eric
District, who said: "That young man will make
his mark IN the world should he live and not
meet with serious pull-backs. His native ability
of which he has goodly share, heightened by
application, and his quick perceptions, added TO
his sterling integrity, will soon bring him for
word would not be surprised 10 see him 20 up step
by step, until he reaches eminence" Mr. Kerr il
compromising Free Trader 9nd before the war was an
extreme States Rights man. He is in favor of hard
money but has not committed himself To any time OF
manner OF resumption. It is stated that II on his
fathers Ttusyile that the first oil was found
year 1854 before the discovery his father sold
the place $4,000 Four years later the same place
sold for quarter of a million.
[For Routine Report Of ne caucus. SO Seooad Pare
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-12-06
TIE CIHNEsE EMPIRE.

fDRtIiNfRs STILL NoItSiEb'
Hone KoNG, Dee. 3.-1he Chinese Govern
pout views tle growing relations between Turkey and
Kashgar with some alarm. The Kashgar soldiers are
becoming RAPIDLY proficient under Turkish training.
aud conciliatnry policy toward the Mohan'ne
dams L. said to lee contemplated by The Picking auhori-
ties
RJc the French Bishop of COrea, and Abbe Blame eft
Newohwang intending penetrate Co-ea, disguised as
meI,li'ants
There continued trouble between foreigners and
Chinese. American missionaries and ladies are a-siled
by mob- IN Nankiny. and English lady was ATTACKED
Jaku The telegraph builders have again beca driven
from their work near Flchau aud The Annoy officials
protest their inability g. control Llc pOpulace.
The attempts of China control the FOrhosG aborig
ines are now merely nominal. All but 200 Chinese sol
iii ~ the class have been Withdrawn and the
forts lu by tire Chinese su@ri Ia fall INTO decay.
Although j. admitted all sides that Mr. wade has
secured promises accede all his demands growing out
the Narrarsy ~ general dissatisfaction Is mani
tested hy the British community IN emma on account .!
The spWh,Fs Of Fis movements dId an Increasing aus-
ncinn prevails that the GUvcfn nt VIII ma means 10
evadc s pledges AMI eventually outwit the EnSllsshlu-
lister. Opinions freely eNpr ssej that dargarays
murder viii never Lc properly doncI for.
An Imperial decree, coHccdDe fTee intercourse on
between foreign Ministers ana heads ~
dcisrfiusnts OF Peknl just been published in me
Of7rfa! Gd-c'te and received win great surprise aud
signs of irritation by class If iiiteratc AMI inferior
mandarin.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-12-06
JAPANESE AFFAIE4.
WIN WITH lNREA hNIRrND.

san IRAyCrC), Dee. 1.-The steamer Gaelic
has arrived from Iloug Kong Yokohama. She brings
the follow ng news from Yokohama Nov. IL japanese
frigae commanded nv Capt to- has Just started out
a cruise American waters. she touched first az san
Francisco immediate action VIII he taken by Japan
against Cor,a Tho Government resists the pressure in
favor Of sudden attack. bat holds so bound TO exact
redress in due season and by regular and measured
process. War. therefore il not imminent, but possible
ia the future.
Two important members Oi the Government shimai-
zee saburo and iagoki Jai7kc-haye resigned their Of
fees II currently reported that these resgnations arc
the result ~ dputd- the Cogca queston bai this s
untrue. They were dissatisfied on different grounds
with the OF internal policy adopted by the Adj
uinietrdtcn.
Preparation. are progress for the opening OF the
pnrf 1Sur.d the northwest coast O Japan, IN the
Bouin ISLANDS. Ia be cJinnIIcll by Japanese.
All the japanese nhab auts o the Island Of -aghalicn
which has been coded to Russia, have petpned for con
vcy auce back 10 Japan.
Inc Italian aud Trerch buyers 0f skw0rm eggs have
returned "a Europe, having this year made small Iur-
chaseS although the price, have been Nsry low.
ArinDr NOr Vice Minister of Foreign AUtlrs has been
appointed the head al special embassy to Ciua and
s.is ths month During his absence SdiOeslna Envoy
60 France at home Oh leave, VIII act ~ Eice-Nn-
st"r.
Tie British Minister in YcdJO j. making strenuous
efforts TO prevent the selection O Americans for posi-
tions of trust und' The Japanese Government
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-12-06
MIR. o'coNoR SLOWLY SINKING.

There was little change yesterday in Mr. O'Conors
condition. lie is constantly growing weaker, but
otherwise he is nearly the same during last week.
lie took more food yesterday than on Saturday. He
has no nausea and pain. His physician EXPRESSED
no hopes of his recovery, and it is probable that his
death Will occur within few days. He has seen 10
visitors during his sickness except Cardinal McClQs
key who has called three times since his return 10
this city. His last visit made Oh Friday. Gov.
Tilden called yesterday afternoon and expressed
apprehension of his old friends death and his sym
pathy with the family. The Governor, however,
WAS not allowed 10 see Mr.. OC0nor.