, 1875-02-13

h:rcin Is tho fallaoy OF atter,n.tuo =.
nrEolso: tho only why OF doau., ,r,st ~ tSoasurns
ancs and wa.to is 10 prevent it. cnrhaeae eae mis-
10 Gcueraliy formed eilher by mn irsmfctarrto to1lda
loving carhonc acid gas to rasa t,vor VI By d.
Of hot conl whom it takeH in jnto ro1,1 1;alattty
another potion OF carbon from liz eaat aasion
sheieby converted Into carhDnic ovi9c y. aot i
under.tanl tlits, 1t must hp ro.srn,bI6; 6a?; I'd
cafnonio acid is combination Of nna ~ that
carbon Nth two Of oxygen anll cnri,nn;aa aAtt 81
Ia compounded cf ono part ot carbon uI.h o1tdt
oxygen. Tbis GAS (carbonic ostdeS hnrn. oae d
lower temperature than cashonlc ac,,] nma ~
ha fe1',ently neen burning Al 1t gots .ccs,. na,
The air At the tops OF steauhuat-cbllnners - to
furnaces, olc. - osss.
It Will thus DO aeon that tho wn..n ~ =,
available heat OF any ftel, caused hv ;rons.. 100
combustion, Is much greater than In nena..eaes
supposed by tho public at large. Tie 'IIlI yonalI
Of black smoke which are usually cited u@sa A. ~
dencs Of waalcd heat Aru by no nesns a. n, esl'
wasted hoat that eacapes from tho chm,.aaas In .as
etnck, for, In almost every cnke of smoke .h.a5. NV
III q largo quantity of invisible and comhns,ee,,a e,a
caEnouIc oxide accompanying II. ''ss
tie coal on tho firo-srate, aut. It is .hMs oa se
yerted into tho stato Of coke nothing ren,a. ~.
thorean hut tue fixed carbon snd the urconsn..s
nble earthly impurities which we call by the rsa
oral name OF 'ashos." Morn mir IN tl1ens ~ y
9u'rnd to cot.snEs this err bon or il, other wo,G T.
y required for shren distinct co1nhIps,fosu'. s'en
the lfocoea Of perfect combustion uf btllutnoa@a
coas' l. To "nise with the hylt1ogen, fortn!ssss
steam a. the waste product; y. 10 pnlso 9s u,ss
combination. forming oarbono acid IA tLe rs.,i
product; aud 8: To unite with tho G1s, carhos
OF tile coke, also forming nnrbonio nefd "a ~
waste product. It uuat DO remembered ths. 'as "
tao air required. on " ono-iifth ia hyaiab|a ~
tha PURPOSES Of combination, this being nr,ass w
PAS; the remaining four-flfths il nitrogen Ky
a',tl practically uaoless. Therefore, tor sFs..
portion Of carbon to be consumed ne tuuat 4!
truduce At least ten PORTIONS Of mir to proanss
csrbo1io acid gas md this fact aud tbs folja.s'
air required to produce porfoct commission,
Carbureted hydrogen, or coal-Ras, consist.
OF ono atom Of carbon, Weighing G. and IT,
Atoms Of hydrogen. each weighing l,-tot,gi
Weight g; and this ssqNirsa for tbs chenir,i
consultation hnown A. perfect combustion I'm.
volumes Of common air, each consisting ct ons
atom OF okygan, Weighing 8, and two at pytn.
gen, each weighing IA. total weight, 14a. ihs.
combination results. first In the carbon. wejea,
ing ., taking two atoms Of oxygen. weishlnRls
y, tho two atoms Of hydrogen, weighing Z t,s.
ting tho remaining tho atoms Of oxygen, wcirb.
ing ~, and forming steam, Weighing 10: IA
thirdly, IN the nittogen formerly confirmed ii tbs
al, e. weighing liz passing Away alone.
The total quantity OF mir required for III,
portecs combilstion Of ona ton Of hItutaiposuuss
coal Is no leas than $40 900 cubic foot, apsurIur
that the amount Of gan produced from ono ton
OF coal Ia 10000 cubic feet {aee reports Of ~,
companseH1, which fe1uired ten timeB lis vo!uns
24oo0b cubic feet Of air aro required by tho Coal.
huBtlon OF the coke sitter tho gases havo beea
cvolsod. Tbis Is ths specific answer to g5ms
CORRESPONDENTS first aucstion, to which tho f9;s.
going Remarks have led up. For further !ato,.;
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