New-York tribune., 1875-08-20
SCIENCE AT DETROIT.

MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION.
CAUSES OF LARGE SUPPLY OF CERTAIN CLASSES
OF PAPERs-M0RE STUDIES on EXTINCT RACES
PECULIAR sKUILs-FL,TTENED LEG BoNEs-
YFFgCT ON EACH OTHER OF SILVER AND GOLD
COIN.
LYMAN sTIrr CORRESPONDENT OF THE rRIBUNE1
DETROIT, Aug. 16.-Al day the Association
hsa been hard at work hut the supply Of good papers IN
section n ,eoosy and Biology is yet appalling The
other section Mathematics and Physics Is able to see "a
not afsr oil an end 60 it's abors few words on the
cause OF this win throw light on te course OF
science In this country. Geology h always largey
represented in proportion to the other scieos at the
west because the deep interest taken by the ot]ehs
n western States in the development OF their mineral
wealth. Hence session of tho Association In western
city renders certain large supply OF seoioglc"i pap
Within the past year there has beer an eAt"oruihay
prinher of frstcass discoveries IN unealtDms ihli
mounds and graves the Vest and there II great gen
eral interest In the hence the ethnologsts are
A>re In strong force and have than usually enter
tanning particulars 10 relate The school when AessH
opeued ut Penkese, Notwithstanding its present 1aure
has had the effect OF quckening interest IN natural DIS
tory among large class of young men AL over the oou
try; their direct investigations already begin to bear
uit and they come here with something new 70 relate
sctloa has had large accession in the chemists VINO
have ioned since the Chemical Centennial was cee-
brase at Presteys grave. Chiefly by the Efforts oi Proi
FW Clarke Of Cincinnati they have been persuadedto 10
xeenss separately from the rest of Section III SUD
see,ion The withdrawal of all papers rernct, con-
uected with chemistry from the rest OF those IN section
has enabled 1t to clear It's decks more rapidly Dy lar ~
becton B. and it is proposed to expedite the latter
work by separating the rest OF 1t section OF
.,bnolocv Tbis device might have better served the
purpOse If it had been carried out earlier in the meeting
hut Ii will probably be adopted tomorrow
HOW TIE SAVAGE BECAME CIVILIZED
The Hon L. IL. Morgan OF Rochester has censed
rppe in scientific circles by recent work on ethnooSy
ia which he has assumed novel views at variance Win
those OF recent English writer's. An active and sharp
earespondence on disputed points has been for some
xiDe Garfield on in Noire and has attracted attention
not less from the deXterty of the cobatants Than nom
their evident earnestness There Is not room mere 10
snr into the merits of this controversy except to say
that il may result in ing new foundations Tor etbno-
soeeal Mr. Morgan read papers 10 day on Ehnl-
cal Periods and the Arts of Substance They form por
aon of a work which lie expects soon to publish he
began by saying that the clinical perods-a definition OF
hieh he wished to submit for confderation-Test on the
bypoth that mankind began their career at the bot
ton of the scale and worked their from saYagcly
10 civilization hrcug the slow accumulate OF expel-
mental owedge The discussion OF ettnoiOsy Wouiu
De much facilitated by the use OF certain number OF
stsujcal periods Representing conditions in the advance
of man from his earliest 10 his higher conditions MI
Morgan proposes the following
III A period Of savageTy. ,,-,,
tij. TIE closing or upper period OF oarbaf1sin
(5D. The period OF CIVILIZATION.
The ace of stone bronze and iron have served use
ful yurose in archaeology but the progress OF know-
g has reud r,d more definite subdivisions necessary
rhe use Of stone implements began far back IN svaeeIy
(which extended to the introduction OF tools Oi IRON
e saeeessive arts of subsistence Offer distnctohs OF
Innan ce The invention practice of the art of pot
fery pgav enable Us TO draw the line oetNecn savSgay
and b,raTism- Flint and stone implements are OritI
than pottery. Tho beginning ol VII 'se &c i Aoi
enyai win pottery wooden vessels and utensils weav
jng nan nts of bark basket making. ana tne pow snu
aT1ow uTecede H. The noIhofcut tulal Indians such as
q, - ~ savaecrv made no pottery; the partially
%is ce N ians snch the IroquO the ChOc aN ana
the Cherokees made 1t IN a,nAI qnahtes ; aI hin t
num- 90 The village indians su Ii as the Turieans
ste and the Choulan-, iii the middle state OF BAR
baTisl pottery in varied forms ana ~ ailnahce
abe s Of pottery came The practice of coating
wooden vessels with clay To enable theW 20 Issst .he
%lsona were nodded IN cane or osier baskets and
evidence Of this has been tonha m Ine @ o art f
Mound Buiilers. Mr. Tflor remarhs th % sne r's & oi
sesvins and pottery were hltie Known IL oo1sa ooa
60 Iii ~ eave had no woven fabrics. Stone npe-
nens preceding pottery. during long ages resulted IN
1 'ti,at Nv the use Of iiber in architectnre; and
Ineauwhe cooking was effected IN ea,H % & VS'iS M mus ms
ri hrue si3ues. Ihe distinction ot the Use ol pottery
o. s ne b,tween .avagely and baibarsIn, leaves OF
ex,stnc rbes the Australians under ne former mead
1nc from tie lower 10 the middle stage OF
tarhar-hI i marked in the Eastern hemss.ro by tle
noresfiatiorl OF auinas in the western } INC cuuta-
ron of aize and suceulent plants iy lriSaUoii To-
pctber with the use OF ad1.ie aAd SION IA hc7e &
s,re The American abOf.-lns east V ih' -AiSsgh arc
thus assigned TIE lower stage q iarhasin 10 mari
the change rom The nidle con llilh of pl 80 70
the hieig the invention OF "a. process o. & VI 30,
iaceIndans of New and Old Mealoo Central Anefict
snd Peru. The upper status 0i Datbaifshl Is cHt
of froR CIV :'lza'lon anc lnh.i IrJnii' ua tbe sr
of Tnc. and leaves behind anu sdI III Darodfi,in'
fiouer i hs 'hignest level, the Grecia u.Des OF the
fioneic age and the q rlnaIhc tllees durng CtsaIs
ccno1eSfs he condition is in each c0sf the mdleilh
yon o. aqurY; the record III ny & - @ ' r ,5,s M ~ j.,
sayagerv While both that status ana DdIpalslD arg
found III ,iFisa lHeLt u onul,ion M IN IN u ie mn
Sroy nent Tie Ihe principal institutions 9 man
ti,d ne nccu developed fOm few x h- OF Thought
ano are .eetrieed anu guided by surrounding eHcuH-
eIanCes a. ~. % , - c,,,.; ma il, ,,ol,.v
an me- Improvement ofnsnlund. rir Morgan taxes very
6rad views lie Is opinion that success in mutt
plyiug tn sources and amount Ol iood d. coeu te qls
fon o mans supremacy earth. His advance has been
f.eutihed with Improvement IN TINS particular. Oiy py
s,y,nr Iuuaiiors The following dsunet ios showing
fbe ma ca OF proy enlont, Dy be di"D ~ N&tuia
Iab,txt Perhaps the OF animal food a,so
began howcser' IN .,o,, mantipa to tTel and
iu Ict compelled moving from place to pace along the
sves eoasts 1Se buit oI game must IA 81 oes
sndeoeneft OF climate and locality. Cooking ana the
,se f te bow and came IN ts stage 81 improve
.nept o.tsdD OF te 1isGproducng areas cdhIiDatlsh
long survived. 80 FaIinaceeus subsistence obtained by
tutva ing the soil HrcinJ nc american ips nius more
sanid nd duoe uWeers the Eastern ifcmis
paare rather they sklo1 lho heNt great a.' 9uec
snade by Aryan races, aad llacticed hoc,tu @ i9n
lll The d0IncsuclOn % ANIMALS proved the lBoSt IN
por ant IL gaze Ge nntas heedei ioi
Div of wholesome animal food, and Of milk Tor the yolng
Sf the Aryan and semitic Ianl!l whlcn "iouSut te
heSI. and muscle The pastoral form 0f life was
eyentus succeeded among many haliViiS u az
Trmsere by the cultivation Oi cereals, at nst irinci
LII, tr the s,or OF domestic animals. These, well
kept supplied animal power N turn Tor cu,ika,ns he
earth Ine plow, drawn by animals brought aOOW "
as4y.u n