, 1875-08-17

other flovornmnnta f,nsscaa the dtepntr'l power,
nnl lint 1t would bo aingninr that our ohi
nilDtIDtI bo vitbuut it. Such q rnfHr"nc" with
due tIofcrrnrn to tho sl'idge. IL Wholly lnaplh'e-
nb,u L, our unyrrntntnt. oil that 1laH no powers
exeot Yi,clt NJ are extTea+y delegated nr cinatly
Ia bo implied. Tho natnrN af other HoverIi.llanta,
therefore, eanuot affect Tho s'aturo y our own
m Cici1ns.ico Mnrrl.ali in is orinion in t.o caao
Of "Mct,uiloneil md :anryiari, Nsherth TINT onr
Ho.ortlnnnt tn ono Of enuncrlted pnwcrd. 1t IL.
thoteforo, .nko ptl,ors, ami ia th l'e construed
ly i.sois. It IL by na nlcans cartaM that ths
Judgment In tin caAo in II Wallace will not 'o
Eovtrnctt. Tho Judgment In tIl. first caso
pronounced by four Ut the Aayeu Judgos. Tim
Judgment IN Tho laat caro hY .lsc to four. boinE
but iunjority of que. II tllosc Judges Ind tllo
right nj tlcy cartanly lad. legally speaking. tn
uyernlo tho IIrs: dccAio'. thuHo wl,p may f"llow
ti!o,n will tlase tltn Aane right to overthrow tho
last and rcnltirh tho first. It IN to ho !ol'oh
huweyer, that tho actn themselves will soah
cpaas IL mar tho H.ntuto.b'n1s MI to bn rcl'es.
tio,, upon thu wisdom, good fatth. md honcHtv
Of the nation. In, differing. from the majority
pf tho Coust in that caao mn t'lad hot ~ ~
eou,poIlrd to rely .norely upon my own opnois.
havo tic Authority ct ono whuho worttA ilc'eF
failed to charm l!io and rarely cscr failed to
AaiHy tho mind mud thtn waa especially tho case
mean Daniu' Wobstcr. lie always maintained
tint with ua go'd and alsor hre tlo only
constitutional standard OF valno. l1a mover
held, however, that sllh ua therg in nos & ?
currency GtNef ltkA EtIA AHA Stlf0!s AAo
tint .scurrr,,cy In lnrse nnd perhaps III j'lat
soEne includes nut only gold n.il silver mud bank
notes. but bills Of exchange also" but TINT III
We understand by currency tho legal money ot
tender for debts md In tho statute tnaas7'ro Of
value, t1on unstoHbftMly nothing il Included but
gold aud ullYer;" and ho added Tint "'noss IN.
4ttcstionntty there is ~ legal Tender. aud hure
Mority Of His Gopernmcnt or any other hut gold
aud silntr." anoie from speech delivered by
lin in thu Souata on 2lat December, 1880, Oh
tho Spocio Circular.
CONSTITUTIONAL nAr.NIEHs.
Ucsdes tue constitutional. provisions ia which
llaYo lIoforo nlycrkcd to provo tint tho GUY-
| er1ncnt has 10 .ownr to make anything hut
gold and silver !egal to!,dor. 1thns Il is clearly
to 10 Inferred frun the frat cnlaao In tho eighth
section Of Article I. Of tia Constitution, whlcl,
gives to Congress- tho poMor TO lay anil collect
taxes, duties, inpoata and cscisss, to pay TIC
@ n etc., .ro Gu arod t. 10 ,s auaSt9sea s hn; teao
to paid only. III TINT Which tho world
Ind recognized money? To obtain such
money. therefore, waa tie object of tho powor.
TIE tnxon. consequently, weFo to be- pa,d tn coin
own irroaeu,uabe notes, aud matlo tlludo notea II
legal te1,lor. II tlH is constitutional, .l,oy
might lanvo made them rnyablo III raccoon skins,
| and msdo Bnch skins legal tellder.
INITIATION CLEARLY UNCONSTITUTIONAL IN TINE
OF PEACE.
Admitting, for argumontn sake. that thcrt may
DO all uxigenpy which iolniseh for tue preaerya-
tlun Of tho nattnn'h oxiHsencn Ill Issue OF paper
1nOney and tho Maki,ig it q lpEn! tender, docs
| any such esigoncy exist nnw? Tile amount Of
| such currency now outstanding waB issued un-
DER tl1o authority Of laws previously passcd.
They wero passed dMsiNg the perils Of tho lato
Civil War,-DorltH which threRtonol tho deetruc-
ton Of tho 0nvesnnlent It IL mainly becai1so Of
such parlls that tho Mt nority OF Tho Court i1I tho
c1ae III II Wallace, hull that Btlcll laws were
constitutional. In that nnrt Of tho opuion
%,t,sr1
5i0. IL Wallace. lo says that tho inqniEy Ii
| wLotler such lava 'wefo WHOM onactst, appro-
prlato inHtrHtnentalitus for carrying into effect
| or executing any Of the known powers Of Cull-
Ho then asatoa In glowing, hut not In oxaaEer-
atea trrnls. whnt We'o :hs circumstances in
which tho Government tttu stood, mud atlds
that "it is mot to bs denied that nets may ho
eH e2soncy e''yd whiel wond no as1ns iaavnropt. H.
nto Of oser tinos" 1t Is clearly ln-
fosable from those quotations. that L was because
appropriate when pahaed to tho exercao. OF
| puNesa bulunHug to tho auvcss.tneu1 that they
| Aljuugoi them to bo constitutional. Il ill.,
thlnl;. also perfectly plain that iu their jutg-
OF c.,sne:o III tho clrcuustatcos Of tho country
! aud OF Tho abHo!1co by REASON Of such change
I OF any dangor to tho existence Of our Govosn-
incnt. Il am right iM this; az I think am,
~ Lu3 !huBuhEo y! lu0 Auul% ~ 10 DH uU-
daratool tn tts obvious kense. then It follows
that Congress can pass no law now authorizing q
tlEt4or isBue Of eRal-tondor notes. No one cn-
tcrtans 1T this time the iloa TINT tAoro is in
cur pres1nt circumstances tho most remote DAN
Rcr to the nntiona fi{o. peace prevails through
| out our borders aud consequently IT such cur
| rcncy eau ntsw bo authorized It can 10 author
lied forever, irrespective entirely OF any sup
posed or actual overwhelming necessity. IT.,
therefore, Congress- hhall bo solicited to author
ize such MI lsHua, they can and should
nay they havo no suoh authority. and
refor to tho decision in u Wallaco
| ~ conclusive ovidencB on the pDlntt
! 1'ua seoa4s to mo 10 bo the clcar meaning OF
| that pnrt Of tito opinion of lfr Justico Strong
In II Wallace, 10 which bavo particularly
foforred. Upon tho whole. thou, cpncludo,'
| coHCLuHloN.
| First-Tllat Tue only currency known to tho
! Constitution III gold and nllser, or paper col-
Yortbis iuto it on domand.
Secoud-rllat nothing but gold and Ai1Ser eau
te nlalo a legal tender.
Thh.1--Ille Government now being porfectty
ehfe: no danger throatentnG It or bo,nK appte-
honde1 CongroHH has np l,owor to a,ltllorizo. tho
| .ssna OF nh rredoomablo currency and to mako
II loga.-sendor. This III tho cloar ,uoaning OF
TINT part Of judge Stroug's opiuiou quoted
above.
Fourth-rhnt tho credit OF sho natlon, the
true, permanent prosperity OF every class OF our
| clt!zona, nnd tho arrest OF tho decentralization
couseaaost upon tho pzeaont state OF things, de-
! maid "a spcady rcturu aB practicable to q
apecto currency. REvERpY JOHNSON.
A CHURCH ROW.