The Toledo chronicle. [volume] (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1873-1924, 1875-08-19

could be covered with boards ana mas,
with Just enough sash for a moderate
light Of course the drainage must DC
such that water will not enter the pit, ana
air should be given on fine days. Holly
hecks will winter in such a pit and SO VIII
pansies and almost any half-hardy plant.
All draining and the making of walks
should be done in the fall, if possible. Ii
lawns are prepared and the seed soWn De-
fore the middle of September, by the hrst
of June the lawn will be perfect. II the
lawn is prepared in the spring the work
should be done very early, for it is OF the
utmost importance to give grass seed the
benefit of autumn and spring rains. Many
persons neglect making lawns until late in
the spring, and then resort to soddlng'
while if they had sown seed in the autumn,
or even early in the spring, they would
have secured better lawn, almost or quite
as early, and at less than quarter the ex-
pense, As lawn will last lifetime II
properly made, let the work be done thor
oughly. The ground must be we'll pull
verified to good depth, and care must be
had in levelng, so that the surface will be
entirely even, and remain so. Sometimes
when the surface is raised by using heavy
material in one place and light in another,
in a wear or two it is much distigured by
unequal settling. Never strew over the
lawn for a dressing. 1t is alike foolish
i
that do much better if sown in the autumn
than with spring sowing. They require
moist, cool soil for termination, and if
sown in the spring the warm, dry weather
sets in before they have acquired much
strength, and they suffer in consequence.
The Nemophilas and Clarkias are exam
pies. They grow naturally in cool, shady
wales, or in mountain regions, and if sown
in autumn start very early in the spring,
and in May or early in June are in per-
/ fiction, and charming. If sown in the
/ spring they are apt to perish or suffer with
/ the drought and heat before they
reach perfection. There are also several
hardy ANIMALS that do very well when
sown in the spring, but will bear autumn
sowing, and reward us with early spring
flowers in consequence of this treatment.
We have now a bed Of phlox Drummondii
that wintered safely. The seed was sown
! late in the autumn, and the bed covered
with manure after sowing, which was al
| lowed to remain until quite late in the
spring. Sweet alyssum and white candy
tuft will give an abundance of white for
early cutting, if sown in the autumn. In
a sandy soil the portulaca may be sown in
the autumn with good success. Seeds OF
bennials and perennials, if soon early
enough to produce strong little plants be
fore frost, will flower the next summer,
and pansies and Chinese pinks, though
they bloom the first summer if sown in the
spring, will make much stronger plants
and flower more freely and earlier if
young plants are grown in the autumn
The pansy sometimes suffers in the win
ter, buff the young plants are put in a
frame and covered with a few loose boards,
or little mating, being always sure to
give air, they will pass the winter safely
All bulbs and plants that die down TO
the ground in the autumn may be pro
tected by covering the surface of the earth
with leaves or manure or straw, but plants
that retain their leaves during winter will
not bear this kind of protection. A few
evergreen boughs thrown over bed, "A lit
tie straw between the plants, or some light
open covering of this kind, is all they
will bear without injury. We have seen
more plants smothered and rotted than
saved by heavy covering Jicks Floral
| Elt8e