davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1875-01-30

A Lancaster man has nieknamed his
daughter Misery, because she loves COM
pany.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

of collection of old volcanic craters found in that
neighborhood but is elevated only few feet above
the level of the 1t is about mile in crcumfer-
ence, and nearly oval in form In some years, Salt
forms here in great abundance at others but little Is
created, owing to rains. But the most Of our Salt
for expectation comes from the Works at Puuoa, at
present principally owned by the Hon. j. l. Dowsett
Our expectation of Salt reached as high as 2,51S
tons in 1870, when number Of vessels engaged in
the cod-shery in the Arctic Ocean here for sup
plies 1t is believed that of the them dealers
in the article salted " the price to such extent
that the fishermen came no At all events, in
1872 the export had fallen to $50 tons, of which S36
tons were sent to Australia. In lS73Iwe exported
AS TONS all to the United States, andLin 1874, 73O9
tons, of which 100 tons went TO British CelGmoia5
and the balance mostly to the United States. large
ouantity-how much we have no means of ascer-
taining-is used for sailing hides and for domestic
purposes Yet we import Salt During 1874, 80
barrels TO bags and packages dairy Salt, and 60
bags and 134 dozen bottles of ine table Salt were
imported at Honolulu. One would think that the
Puuloa Works should be able to furnish all the first
class Salt for home consumption. But as We are in
formed the attempt to make dairy Salt here good
as the imported article, has failed, after involving
considerable loss in experiments. The trouble ap-
pears to be in the expense of drying
Cotton.
During the civil war in America, here as we'll as
elsewhere attention directed to the cultivation
of cotton and the natives were induced, under the
stimulus of good prices, to go into the business.
Two crops were raised in year. and l,2O0 pounds
(in the seed) to the acre were reported. From
1868, when 1922 pounds of cotton were exported,
there was gradual increase to 1856, in which year
the exports reached 22,2s9 pounds. Since then,
however, the falling off has been rapid In 1872,
exports were 10, 800 pounds in 1874 1855 pounds.
and the total for eight years from 1866 only amounts
to 5S, ,l65 pounds.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Onium.

The value of imports of this drug were. in 1865,
S5OO3; in 1867, 492O; in 1862 SIS ,656; in 1870,
sl3,eO3i in 1872 it footed up the large Of s32-
32s; (of this about $5 ,Ooo in value reexported
In 1873, $ls,Oo6; and in 1874, s4.3I6. Many in
genious methods are adopted to smuggle this Grti-
cle.--not 30 much to avoid the duty, which is 10
per cent. Gd Udtorenl, to get the better Of the
licensed dealer. There were tive licenses sold at
auction in May last. and both were bought by one
firm of Chinese merchants, Messrs. Along d Achuck.
for $40, ,l00-a handsome annual revenue to the
government But the Act of August 1874, which
is to go into effect in August, 1876, prohibits the
importation or sale of opium, except by the Board
of Health who to furnish it at cost sicians
for medicinal purposes only The total value of
imports of opium for ten years from 1865, was
SIl9O32 .-t.sses..s.r 3. ..y -as71.ls .. Is
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
VOL. XIX--NO. 36.

half, including paddy Ten years ago, Kauai was
the principal producing Island but lately through
the enterprise Of Our Chinese merchants tprinci-
pally the house Of Chulan & Co.. the culture on
Oahu has far exceeded that Kauai There are
now eleven rice plantations, large and small) on
this Island. and six on Kauai, none Mani, and
but one on Hawaii. The estimated product OF
these plantations for the coming year is set down
by the Messrs. CbuIan. at 2.5O5 tons Of paddy,
unhulled rice The home consumption is estimated
at about two millions pounds Of rice, which will
leave US over two millions pounds TO export in
1875. Hawaiian table rice stands A No. l in Cali
fornia, selling a. Wholesale from "a 70 cents per
pound, and s coming into favor in Australia. to
which country there is marked increase Ia the
exports. Our planters have during the past two
years provided improved facilities for cleaning
and polishing. Formerly most Of this produce
was exported "a paddy, bot the Introduction Of
rice mills has, since 1870 caused the expectation
Of paddy TO give place 10 that Of rice. With the
Increase Of the Chinese element in the Islands the
culture OF rice for which many tracts Of land now
lying idle are well fitted, will eontnue TO be en-
larged Our product could be more than quad
rupled without infringing upon any lands now
under cultivation with other crops.
Rice stands second in value and importance in
the list Of our products. The following is list Of
the plantations and the estimated crop (uncieaned)
for the year 1875:
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Exports Of Fruits, sc.

Our shipments of fruit mainly for the San
Francisco market or for sea-stores, With the ex-.
ception Of bananas-of which we do not send
fourth part OF what we ought--there is a lamenta-
bic falling of in these shipments. OF cocoanuts
we exported 1900 in three years. Of oranges,
boxes and 400; of lines. 20 0OO Pine-apples, tam
arinds, and other tropical fruits which we should
be able to export in abundance, are now not worth
noting as production. Betel pepper leaves CHE
plant was introduced here from the East Indies
few years since, and grows luxurianty) steadily
increase as an article of export. These leaves
sent to California, where they are eagerly sought
after by the Chinese, who use them (with mix
ture Of Gilman, or lime) to enwrap the bete-nut
or GTecd- The compound is called betel. and is to
a great extent used as a masctory in all Central
and Tropical Asia. 1t is said to dispel nausea,
cite appetite and strengthen the stomach. Besides
being used as an article of luxury, it is kind Of
ceremonial which regulates The intercourse of the
more polished classes in many parts of China. In
the article of peanuts, it viii be observed that
there is large falling off, caused by the increased
cultivation in Southern California. "a
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Exports Of Pulu.

Pulu, the silky substance which envelopes the
fronds Of the tree-fern, growing on the mountain
slopes Of Hawaii, is brought almost entirely from
the volcanic district Of Kan. Fifteen years ago,
the quantity shipped to California was double that
sent out of the country at the present time. This
has been mainly owing to the substitution OF other
substances for upholstering purposes, and in part
no doubt to carelessness in packing by some deal
ers, as we note the San Francisco Journal Of Com
ulerce remarks that " much of that to hand is wet
and otherwise damaged, and is therefore low
priced" fGood parcels sold high as lo4 cents
per pound IN December last. Pulu is coming into
notice in Australia, where it brings higher price
than in California. ---------
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

Agriculture and Commerce
Hawaiian Kingdom
FOR THE YEAR 1874.


We preseat herewith a series Of carefully pre-
pared tables Of statistics, based on the annual
report Of the Collector General Of Customs where
in il shown in detail the particulars Of exports
and imports. and primarily. Of greatest impor-
tanee in our commercial relations, We give place
% ghe former.
satisties are usually deemed dry matter. and
eschewed by the general reader. II IL not an
amnsing task u wade through columns of closely
packed dgures, and good many Of these II Is true
may be studisd without much result Bot now
and then point l. encountered that sets TIE
reader thinking something that tells a story Of
either mistakes Advancement In the past,
which furnishes q hint for Improvement in the
future. And thus after a careful investigation Of
these statistics We trust Il will be found that we
have gathered something that will prove usefa for
the public.
Il would seem scarcely necessary, for the bene6t
even Of foreign readers, that the situation Of
these Islands should be particularly described, be-
yond saying that they lie between the parallels Of
ls and % degrees north latitude. and west longi-
tude I55 and leo degrees nor that We should elab
crate n fact universally known, that our
climate Is unsurpassed tor salubrity, the mean Of
temperature in Honolulu being 75o for the year,
the highest ever known in a long series Of years
being gOo, and $50 the lowest.
Pxnarfs NJ Smear F.. tf
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

From time to time, we have heard reports from
Kona, ION the western or leeward side OF Hawaii
from whence comes the bulk of coffee) that the
blight which since 1850 has prevailed in that dis
trict, was disappearing, bat although tbs may to
some extent be true in few Localities there can
BE no doubt that the presence OF theaphis is yet
the great drawback TO the cultivation of coffee in
these islands. At present, the business is almost
entirely in the hands Of the natives, foreigner
having gone into it extensively, IN There are no
large plantations but the Kona district, at GER
tain elevation above the sea, presents continuous
series Of small patches planted with coffee trees.
from the annual product of which with very slight
exertiOn. the native owners gather enough to
clothe themselves and families, pay taxes, and
casiOnally buy luxuTies. want of proper care
in curing aud preparing for market is undoubtedly
the reason why Rona coffee brings a less price
in San Francisco than &" Government Java" for it
is n we'll known and undisputed fact that the favor
Of the former Is superior. Ii will be seen by the
aSove table that we exported only some seventy
Eve thousand pounds Of coffee in 1874. There is
good deal kept 10 store, for II is not perishable
article and the inducement to ship is not great
prices have ruled in our nearest market. The
home consumption, Tin which include supplies
to shipping) is very much in excess Of what is
directly exported. It is difficult agure to arrive
at even approximately, but from data at hand we
put It down at about 25e,OOO pounds per annum.
The annual coffee product of all the islands may
be fairly estimated at 100000 pounds. The dis
trict Of North KOna alone could easily be made to
produce three million pounds.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Exports Of Sugar.

In order to ascertain the total in pounds Of the
sugar crop Of the Islands for 1874, we must add
the amount Of home consumption to that exported.
This can, Of course, be arrived at only approx
mzteIy, but after careful enquiry Of agents Of
plantations and others we have arrived at a figure
which win be acknowledged as reasonably accu-
rate. The amount sold for home consumption in
HonolubI alone. Is $4,000 pounds per annnm,
(Which Of course includes supplies furnished to
shipping, and which does not figure among the
ports.) To this must be added the consumption on
the other Islands supplied directly from the plant
atiOns n rule. and which will reach
million and half pounds. SO that fair and just
estimate viii place our entire sugar crop for the
year under review at 1880 tons, or 26.5O0 900
pounds The table given above for the past three
years shows gradual Increase in the production
of this our staple article. Should the efforts that
have been recently made to a treaty Of reei-
procity with the United States prove successful,
fresh impetus will unquestiOuably be given to this
Industry through the removal Of the duty of from
two to four cents per pound on sugar. imposed by
the tariff Of our principal customer. In the event
Of the treaty being accomplished. capital will be
attracted hither the Of sugar producing lands
win be extended, and works Of irrigation will be
projected for bringing under culture large tracts Of
country now lying idle. The question Of labor,
which has to large extent crippled the operations
Of agrieulturists II Is believed be satisfactorily
solved by the plan which hSs received the sanction
OF government during the past year--that Of i'm
porting free IabOrsrs from China
At present there are thirty-two sugar planta-
tions on the group, the names OF which append,
with the estimated crop for ls75-which, we may
remark. is by no means too high.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Salt.

Hawaiian Salt is produced entirely by evaporation
in the sun. The natives have always made it from
kncjent times on the coasts of Hawaii, the most
noted place for the manufacture being at Puako,
near Rawaihae, where for miles may be the
tiges of ancient salt-pans formed in the cayey soil
which abounds in that locality The famous sat-lake,
called 4Iic-p4akai is about four miles west Of Ho
nolulu, and is within q mile Of the ocean 1t is
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

In the matter of tallow, there appears a very
large shipment for 1873. and very remarkable
diminutiou for 1874. In the former year our gra-
ziers finding their stocks too large, put up boiling
works on their estates, and killed Of numbers Of
cattle for the hides and tallow only. This was
however discontinued as soon as the stocks were
reduced to the desired extent, but there are now
three boiling establishments Kauai on
Molokai. and one Hawaii (tbat Of Messrs Allen
4 ChiIlingworth) which on occasion will keep the
herds within the desired limits A large amount
of tallow was also held over in 1874 for shipment,
Of which some 293 600 rs. was sent to Valparaiso
in January Of the present year, and which rightly
belonging to 1873 would swell the exports for that
year to 41s,6IO rs
In this connection it may pertinently be asked,
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

The trade in mOlasses is rapidly falling Of. That
shipped California for dstillng purposes Is pro-
uounced unit by the manufacturers Planters
assert that it does not pay to send it to market;
returns will not pay expense Of packages, freight,
commissions. &c With the improved machinery,
&C. for extracting The sugar the residue il OF little
value and they frequently run it into the sea, or
anywhere to get rid Of il. Under the " Law to
license distiIIing." Heeia Plantation, holds the
only license As Jet, and are sanguine Of success.
They have made a small lot Of fair rum and Aleo-
hoI. The general opinion is that when fair price
can be had for sugar it will pay better to extract
Il all, than to manufacture spirits
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

Our imports of oil in 1874 duty paid and bonded,
amounted in value to s44396 l3 A decided fall
ing off from the year 1873, when the total import
values amounted to Sl4O,665 Sc. OF the oils
bonded, kerosene is mostly withdrawn for consump-
,ton, the balance is generally re-exported. These
tables do not include the catch trade of Hawai-
ian whalers, which is imported free. The imports
for 1873 and 1874 we're
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

1t was only at comparatively recent date that
any one appeared to have thought of sending
trader from Honolulu to the tropical islands that
lie scattered so thicky in this to the south
and west Of us. Sydney and Auckland merchants
have long known and improved the value of the
South Sea trade, and they and the Germans estab-
Hshed at Samoa, have bad it all to themselves.
There is no question but great profits can be made
in perfectly legitimate trade to those islands in
the articles of cocoanut oil, cobra, &c. There is
one schooner of $50 tons engaged in this
trade which in the future expect to see attract
ing the attention of our merchants.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Exports Of Fungus.

There has been great falling off in the exports
iof fungus since 1864, when the amount sent abroad
was SOS s35 pounds. The steam service between
California and China and consequent falling OF in
China-bound clippers touching here, forces the
shipment of this Celestial delcaey via California,
thus increasing the cost of freight and probably
the profits. But really, the decrease in
export this article is not matter for regret, in
asmuch the business of gathering it led in some
cases the destruction Of our forests. Fungus, it
will . remembered, is a product or outgrowth of
decaying wood, and we have known not few in
stances where the natives have cut down large
numbers of trees in order that fungus might be
produced, in the times when it brought l25 cents
pound.
EXpOrts of Pulu.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

with were repealed. The same Paolished in full
detail in the Civil Code. approved May IL. 1859.
With the exception Of sOme transfers 20 the Fros
List from time time and an increase ln the duty
on Paddy and Rice tsse Tariff. 1871. prspAred aud
published by J. A. HAssingcr. Esq, Deputy ccilec-
tor Of Cnstoms) the proylsiOss Of the Law remain
about the same at present.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

~ rsssaiHs TIE Esssern Unsd stusss
pay by ei0AuE ofseuhueks GATED States
Postage ssAnps F saeh A0ah A. thsy uaA ADd theg
cards VII be inserted above tAhi. h s pad fOr
II aasinesr Cards. whsn rsae.
allowed diyeouns iron thesr wheh for tAnnisui
advertisements Eben paid charged suAsssriy,
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

The law levying q transit duty Of one-haifof one
per went into effect Jan LIST, 1913 a. per Sec
ton ii of the Act of April, lst2, relating 'oGoOds
Bonded for re-exportAiion. which qnaiRly rsAds
as follows: ,.,.. gr.s14-r
"SECTIoS IL. II Goods are brought here from for
eign countries and deposited with the design OF
exporting them again, those Goods shall pay
duty like all others. but q the owner give notice
in writing that they are Tor expectation, he shall
then be entitled, when they are taken hway,sto
receive back. two aRd- a half per crntg lcsying
one half per cent. transitdaty. 8 This shall apply
TO every kind Of property that is landed, but the
Collector OF Customs must direct in relation 80
the Storage OF such Goods. ITGoods are brought
into u harbor for re-shpmeut, thry shall pay The
same transit duty as II lauded.H - 60 aaasa tafU
Transit duties were increased June %, 1850,
from one half of one per cent 10 thefoiloWipg
rates When the valne exceeds 81 900, per cent?
when The value Is less than $1,000, per cont.
Transit duties were repealed by act OF Legisia-
ture, approved July "a. 1850 l sssss 'rstls
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
EXPORT pUTTEs.

Section 10 OF the ACT ara pai Iis43, provided
- There shall be no export duty on any Of the pro-
ductiOns OF these lslAuds. But II anyi one earty
silver or gold out OF The country whoever does
this shall pay export duty Of three per cent,
and whoever sbali carry money out of the country
In violation OF the law shall be fined just such m
amount as he carried away"
By the law OF April, isss all duties on the ex!
port OF gold and silver were abolished As injurlods
to commerce S1A' N.i" A''hs ~ ''
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06
Our Imports.

comparative table of our leading Imports for
three years:
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

The FIRST Record Of Tonnage Dues was in 1874.
when the charges 20 cents per ton on Merchant
Vessels, and cents per ton on Msrchautmen and
Whalers entering the Port for refreahmens 9ply sqb
By, the Act Of July 9, 1862, the rate was 6Ied At
Is cents per Ton Register, and Vessels DOT having
cargo or passengers we're exempted, But no Tonpsge
Dues were exacted Of Vessel having HAwAiian
Register, Vessels belonging to resident foresners
who had taken the Oath Of Allegiance.
By the Act Of May 2e, 1853. that part Of the law
relating to Vessels having passengers was stricken
out. aud by the Act Of Aug l6. 1854, fonusge Dues
we're aboIishedthe law to take effect Ia thirty days
from It's passage a '1r'a- l4al i--ai2 'a ''n
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1875-03-06

VsN@@ DNt@~
The table of the transactions Of the California and
Australian Steamships fer the year last past, win be
found interesting and valuable, exhibiting does
at glance the value to the Steamers. ia business
point Of view. Of Honolulu port Of call. The
exemptions allowed by the Hawaiian Government to
these cleaners are-the charges for buoys, Hghfs,
lOharage lUafer eoGl-storags. and other charges
save pilotage. Harbor Masters fee. and necessary
Custom House blanks TO enter and clear,-and in
the latter the usual mail oath charge is omitted.
In the San Francisco Journal Of Commsyes Of
Jan. 1S, 1875, we hnd the following: @ 80 .
One Of the most pressing needs Of the day 10 for
the establish ment Of permanent steam communiea-
ton With Australia. and it is disgrace TO the public
spirit Of community that it has not been salisae
torily effected During the year closed no one seemed
to know when an Australian Srsmer would arrive
depart. and all the efforts made have been by the
Colonies themselves Yet these Colones-incorporated
States rather. with their population u 200U00o Of
progressive. go-ahead people, and with their imports
of $50 900 900 annually, most. not all Of which
the United States might supply them With. we're
WORTH should think at least an effort 70 establish
steam communication with. @ ''
What we of the Islands find to complain about In
regard to the line as at present managed, may be
stated in few words There is great want Of regu-s
larity in the arrival Of mails by the Steamers, they
frequently managing to connect at midDgbt or on
Sunday. Some OF almost wish for the good OLD
times when we were approximately sure Gin the days
of the Frances Palmer, Ydnkss aud Comd,) OF q
mail once in every three weeks And those sailing
vessels did not mix up four and ham. and batter
our tins Of crackers on the passage dcWn nor did
they refuse to take any Of our up freight except
bananas (Which the crew nov generally go6ble before
they arrive in port) Then the officers Of the sal-
ing packets used to be gentlemanly and accom@o.
dating, and were in the habit Of answering civil
Questions In the same The Captain used 10 DO
the head man, and subordinate to the siewardsW
as sometimes appeared to be the case on the Steam
ships. But in taking up with steam. We have run
the sailing vessels Of the route, WITH as some cDns
tend, q questionable gain In making these COM n:
ments il is but fair add that the agents OF the
accommodating.