The New York herald., 1875-12-06
From the EIeuSinian Mysteries to the
Mysteries of Tammany Hall.
A GLANCE AT THE JESUITS.
Secret Political Clubs During the
French Revolution.
TIE CARBONARI AND YOUyG ITALY.
Our Know NothingS and
Our Changers.

IN speaking Of the mysteries which surround secret
soceties De Quincey who was generally sentimental
when he sought to be philosophical said TO be hid
den amidst crowds is sublime-to down hidden
amidst crowds from distant generations is sublimely
sublime" Small fraternities Of men forming them
selves into secret associations for moral or pot
cal purpose and working silently 70 gain their ends
been from the Of the Eleusnian mysteries
10 the days which mark the power OF Tammany Hall,
the wonderment, Of tear and Of danger Men
stand in awe secret forces when II is certain
there rs no real power behind them De Quincy
was unquestionaby right in pronouncing the
mysteries Of Eleusis only great hoax
and his Of Freemasonry as being to
modern times what the Eeusinian secrets were to
ancient Greeks in the main true also These societies
the ony ones in history not formed with avowed
or Interior political purpose and yet both we're some
brought into political collision either by the de-
signs Of ambitious the and fear Of the mni
ttuda Acibades, the handsomest and most accom-
pIished well the most dssolue man OF his time,
and the iavorite Of the Ahenan populace was practi
caly into exile upon the accusation of mutt
lating the statue Of Hermes during nocturnal de-
banch AS a consequence his remarkable military
career in which he fought day with tho spartans
and Chians against Athens the next seduced Tssa
phernes :he Persian satrap, INTO fighting
against the Lacedamonians, and finally over
came all his former friends, Tssaphernes
included only 20 celebrate his victories in be-
half Of the Athenans by the observance with excep
tonal pomp and grandeur Of those very Eleusiniau
mysteries which he had started by proaning. In the
way episode in American history SO bitter
a. the political movement which grew out of at
tempt OF Morgan expose the secrets Of the Masonic
order Here was a society without any political pur-
VIII cudd maj he Of
htical movement of the time. For number of years
Masonry was IN everybody's thoughts People feared
because its mummeries shrouded by veil Of
secrecy and to the fierce opposition TO IT we owe some
OF the gifted and brilliant public men OF the last
generation-wiIliam H. Seward Thaddeus stevens
Horace Greeley and Thurlow Weed
EARLY socIErIEs-rHE ELEusISIANs AND THE
EssRSEs.
The history OF secret orders has never been well
impartiay told The Abbe Barnel wrote a book which
aiterward followed by a similar work by Pro-
fessor Robinson the purposes Of both being to demon
trate that the societies OF Europe dark
and damnable conspiracy for the extirpaton Of Chris
tanity But, after all, there is no real history Of
either the ancient or the modern orders. 1t is the
fashion, however, to regard the old time mysteries as
good in intention and the modern secret societies
only evil IN purpose or the Eleusinian mysteries we
are told they intended propagate belief in
The Immortality Of the soul, and yet purpose or phi
'osOphy we secret there virtually none
and not help agreeing with De Quincy that all
lhe visitors or Eleuss have abomnated the hoax
Nut upon them
That did saeky walk away II dissatisfied.
The Essenes, who come next in order, probably
Christians dsguiseat they held to the received
doctrines OF the Christian region-but they must have
been as ridiculous al the followers OF Ann Lee the
believers teachings OF Father Noyes De Qnncey's
proposition that they in fact the early Christian
Church preposerous the traces OF the sect
soud utterly have disappeared after the fall OF
Jerusalem. In those carly times and down past the
uiddle Ages secret societies mostly religious,
cut aerward they became political in character
rhe religious element still largely predomnated, how
sver and the Reformation brought into existence
pf the remarkable secret societies formed
he Society Of Jesus. ThisOrder intended by its
;ounder Ignatius Loyoa, IS a OF religious militia
its purpose was the propagation Of Christianity
among the heather.
A GLANCE AT JESUIT HISTORY.
Very different the work IN which the society
really engaged. II the purpose Of Loyoa to take
his little company Palestine but the order found
congenal field resisting the spread OF Protesantism
Europe and counteractng the measures Of Protes-
tant sovereigns The society formed in 1888 and
within two years Of the members Of the order
were different parts ofsthe world. The first impor-
tant political undertaking committed TO the Jesuts
well directed opposition to the measures Of Henry
VIII in Ireland. The society spread with unparalleled
rapdty, but from the beginning with fierce op-
position every country Of Europe The Spanish
bishops opposed 70 it. In France IL
resisted not only BY many Of the bishops
hut by the Parliament Queen Elizabeth expelled
tbe Jesuit nuncios from Ireland who had been sent
there during the reign Of her father In Transylyania
they expelled early 1855 Prince sigismund,
notwithstanding he was friendly 70 the m beng com
PEELED by the Assembly ~ the sign the decree
of banishment They were banished from Venice in
l6Og and we're not allowed to return until more than
nity years afterward During the latter half Of the
eighteenth century the Order met with nerce opposition
every part of Europe especially IN Catholic coun-
tres In Portugal l759 royal edict declared them
traitors and the Order was suppressed In France
they were very unpopular among the people, and IN
J104 they expelled BY Louis AV AZ the instance
Of Nine de Pompadour In 1861 all the Jesuits in spain
the Spanish cooneswere arrested a. the same hour
aud shipped 10 The Papal territory The same plan
oi suppression was followed in Naples, Parma and
Maa, such the opposition 70 the order ~ every
part q ChTistendOm that IN lf15 rope element AlN.
was compelled TO suppress the society altogether, and
u not restored until the initial year Of the present
century. Since their reorganization the Jesuits have
not exerted tithe "a the influence they once pos
Eessed. but opposition 70 them has not disappeared
They been repeatedly suppressed In France dur
ing the ast three quarters OF century, ana every
reader will recall the fact that they were expelled
from Germany In 1873 Tue fierce opposition 70 the
Order was only eoualcd bv the determined propagand-
u Tie society. In name only, especially during
the hrst century OF It's existence, the
society Of Jesus religious Order Every species Of
crime and cunning laid TO their DOORS and the
Thugs and Of Ind boodthirsty
and unreentng than the Jesnts represented They
charged With participating In the atrocities Of The
Duke Of Alva In the Low Countries The massacre Of
- Bartholomew j. attributed TO them as much AZ 70
Catherine de Medicis Queen Elizabeth repeatedly
charged them with fomenting plots against her person
nnd seeking TO overthrow her throne The murder OF
William, Prince OF Orange Ia 1884 the assassination Of
Henry Ill OF France IN 1852 attempt upon the life
Of LOUIS XIV for imposing silence the poemcs OF
order, repeated attempts upon the life Of James
J.. and even conspiracy against George l. among
ale crimes imputed to the Jesults Zeal IN re-.
flsting the progress Of Professionalism il not
in itself SUFFICIENT explanation of these phenomena
The Incubation of attachment 70 the order, blind
obedience TO the commands OF superior authority and