The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1875-04-23
AGRICULTURAL.

FIXED PRISCIPLEs IN NAGRIcULrURE.-An
lands on which clover or the grasses are
grown, must either have lime and every
other inorganic const 5uent which may be
found in the ashes of the clover if burned,
Or those minerals must be artiicially sup
Piled. All permanent improvement of
lands must look to lime, potash, and other
constituents common to plants, as its
basis. Lands which have been long in cul-
tivation, will be benefited by applications
of phosphate of lime, treated with sulphuric
acid, so as to render it soluable phos-
phate; supplied in the form of bone-dust,
composts Of fish, guano, ashes and oyste-
shell lime.
All highly concentrated animal manures
are increased in value, and their benefits
prolonged By aaInixture with plaster, salt,
or pulverized charcoal Deep plowiug
greatly improves the productive powers of
every variety of soil, that is not wet,
though the depth should be increased
gradually. Su5-soiling sound land, that
is, land that Is not wet, is eninently
conducive TO increased production. All wet
land should be drained, and especially such
land as has heavy clay sub-soil. All
grain crops should be harvested before the
grain is thoroughly ripe. Clover as well
as tle other grasses intended for hay,
should be moved when IN bloom. Sandy
land can be most efsctually imr.oved by
the addition Of clay. When such lands re-
quire lining niarling, the lime or mari
is most beneGciaiiy applied when made in
to compost with clay. Ia Stacking lime,
salt brine Is bet n than water
The grin3ir- of grain 10 be fed 20 stock,
and nli&.n. it win cut nay or straw, ope-
rates as saving Of at least twenty-five
per cent. Draining of wet lands aud
marshes adds TO their value, by causing
them TO produce earlier, and a greater
quantity and better quality, and i'm
proves the heath neigh5orhooIs
To manure or !inc wet land, is TO throw
manure, lime and laI or away. Shallow
blowing operates 70 inpoverish the soil.
By stablin; and housing stock through the
winter, saving Of ore-fourth less food
may b. ofT, cted that is, one-fourth less
food viii answer than when such stock are
exposed to the iuclemen"ies OF the weather.
A good dressing o? (5l,ster or clover, where
the land Is deficient in lime and sulphuric
acid, viii add one hundred per cent TO its
produce. Periodical applications Of ash
tend 70 keep up the integrity of soils, by
supplying most, il not ali, the inorganic
substances. Thorough preparations of land
is ABSOLUTELY nec-sslry to the successful
and luxGriant growth Of crops. Abundant
crops cannot be crown for a succession OF
years, unless care be taken to provide an
equivalent for the substances carried OF
the land in the products grown thereon.
To preserve meadows IN their produc-
tiveness, it is better TO harrow them every
second autumn, apply top-dressing, all
roll them. All stiff clays are benefited by
fall and winter piowings; but Should never
be plowed while they are wet. If at such
plowings, the furrow be materially deep
ened, lime, mari or ashes should be ap-
piled. Young stock should be moderately
fed with grain in winter, and receive gen
erous supplies Of provender, it Icing essen
tial tc keep them in fair condition, in
order that the formation of muscles and
bones may be encouraged and continuously
carried on. Mich COWS in winter, should
be kept in dry, moderately warm. but well
ventilated quarters, fed and watered three
times day, suited twice a week, having
clean beds, and in addition to thair long
provender should receive roots Full COM
plement of tools and implements of hus-
cass.