, 1875-02-16
Charles IsrntIlauElI on tho French
Revolution.
The Causes Which Led to That Great
Uphcaval.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.
-.-.,-.,+,1. 1,p -Tft M t,S mn aJ,f 4 y-fstI

,o.,uro ~ ..rho rranct, Hoyolntion', heforo+ :.
~ =, aCa,n,,o,,,s III, ,,vt o,a,,,,,a
Tho lecturer, at tho ousset, Aad that II would be
impossible for him to deal with Eublact 80 I'M
menae In the limit Of d single liucoulHc He
would ,bcroforc confue bi,nsc,f to thu period
eating from ,ne aea'n u ''onis ~ IN 1',4' 10
tho death Of his grandson and stccehscr. Louis
XVI, in 1913. The former ,nonarch.lied leaving
10 lin descendant legacy Of debt, deg.
..,.tin,, ,rt1 oo,ar,1 novnrtv nm tla
s~aa'o1' 'as ,a ~. ,o.ian .r,o nn.i., saa H.
part OK TIC nation. 4no uoo1ea a''a the
Church wcre everything and tia people nothing.
Tho Parliament Of Franco WAS sinply q matter
" '9'n, no. =. n,fa. ~, IN o,,r,n'a', IT,.
III "o'ch o'1'S tu' nop'cs NJ" 1uo ,. .au
anything approaching lh'f tep1cach'a.'th' In"
mobiles elected their own representatives the
sI tnra II nIco,ea Or w nelscted tvo.thrds Ct tue
rna,n1srs ~ ta third rsta.o. For I70 Years tie
memoers OF tue 'ni." ss1a.o. os ~ ses,s 'ae
States General had not regniaftY assembled II
Franco until the reign Of Lonls AIl, md then.
frosI, - = ou ,,non tho neonic
i'aSh ~. 1aAea uPo" s"e p'oFs
lho latter were ~ stato o' utses beFluou''
NO less than .ttlu .uoo e!own nen Oh france Hefo
boly-serfs Of the King aud the nohles at tic Pc
uod a, The Revolution Tho mobiles cIai,ue3
aS..,S,.;o ru,,,, ~ .otou -, .ccorot ~ lin nrv.
sAout'o" .io"' t,'o r,,,,r,., s,a,sj
ileEes ol tne'r osoe4f tue Iu"'." e'1!ueu "a
cmption on tue ground that they we're tho
tt ceB Of tie poor; and tho two privileged
c,a,sea conbiucd to p!uoder tho third estate. who
H., ~ m., t,aa ,,t,,jno 1oft ~ ho INV.
| 1oo" os '"7 "1'' "~@
dered Of
Tho tpenker then proceeded to deecribe the
asscmhly OF tle French Parliament and snya a
viv1 r;ctura or tha frat 1arslsture In wtel,
the T nsoe dared tn to mt on tber hata pefors tbs
King. Lou.s XVi. nsde bis speech in which lo
| promise to do ali Ia could fer France, and put
nm III. nntnrd hat Then the mobiles nut Oh tne,r
no.a ~, ~ thirl c,tato vcp,p,ed to coYar their
ho's aao Lac sh'ta cs.a'e 'eu'uiea " eo'e1 t4e.'
ic,ur. Immediately thete "eto criee Oh = hats
Of, :Cen.!c'nen! but 10 Int ~as put on. and;
iihal!y' 80 ti1ei rue ta1uut, Ino nlus teIHosea
ns eAap1ni, "h'Gn se'1leu u"s+.to i'i .t;si tGa,
tlue. The last time tho thliu
cntate met with tho poplcs a'4d THO clergy taef
were upon thelr knees, but now hpifit 1ad been
brened int Fraresifom aa ,h0 a.. dny1 o aeoa,s
TO- "n o. m ~ t. ae 3o
Of such doctrines aH theso writer's sent 1olt'i
broadcast to the nation. Inc brlEhteat iute!ects
ol Franco we're Imprisoned IN iho battlio' nut
kings aud ja,ers nld conrive, could quell tho
epnis of Liberty when onco 1t was thoroughly
aroused. .......,,
Tie French nosernmont saw tue people sssEy,
ing aud heard their walls, but ao heed was paid
10 Them. The people hnd been educated to be-
1iese that they werc ln tie world SIMPLY for tho
purpose OF performing certain dutloa Tor the
benefit OF their superiotB. They were taught
TINT it IVES their duty to pay taxes, to TIL tue
lands whoAo produce It waa uot theirs to enjoy
to tight~-to do everything but to lave part III
','o government Of III" Country whose bone and
sinow they wcro. In fact taey had begun to oc-
leyo traL .l,s,r noln:al condition waa to be hum
er., half-naxed. and ignorant. Tho mock'ug
genius Of yoltairo aud the blunt
.eachiuga Of Rousseau let in little
light unop Tho generation Of ;17s9.
Tie people Of tho third eslnte began to beliovo
tan, ther, too, had somo rights III F, ance The
mobiles and tho churchtnen Insisted In voting by
orders, which gave tsacm two to one mai jurity
oter tho people. oren though the latter were
moro uu,nerously represented in tho Parliament.
| But Ia 1850 tile knees Of Frenchmen Lad be-
rouo too etiff for kuceline, and tlcy boldly pro
tested against tho exemption Of tho uubles and
the Chi1Ic.1 iron, taxation, 4 little struggle cn-
sued. in Which tho Lords and DukeH