davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

THE TABLES TURNED.-Some time since,
on one of the North river boats, lady, who
had attracted much attention for the mascu-
line turn of her manners and conversation,
was seated at the table opposite gentleman,
who, in taking some butter, in the absence OF
the usual knife, used his own, which the lady
observing, called aloud to the waiter
"Wait-ta! bring another plate of butter
that man (pointing to the gentleman) had his
knife in this %
The unfortunate wight almost sank under
the curious gaze of all the company, but said
nothing, determined to watch his opportunity
to return, for the cruel modification, change
in her own coin. He waited but moment,
ere plate of dried beef was handed to the
lady, who Observation-Disclosures some in her
fingers and placed it upon her plate.
"Wait-ta!" exclaimed the gentleman in
turn, "bring another plate of beef that wo'
man has had her fingers in this.
A most ungallant roar from all the COM
pany fairly turned the tables against the lady,
and she had the good sense to acknowledge its
desert, and join heartily in the mirth it Gre
ated.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

INTENSIVE CULTURE.-When we consider
that less than one.third Of the area Of the
United States and less than fifth Of the en-
tire domain of the United States, is mapped
into farms, and remember of this farm area
only one.fourth is titled or moved and when
we further reflect that the average yield per
acre could be doubled if the many could be
brought up to the plane of the few in the
practice of intensive cuture-then we begin
to realize what numbers our country is capa-
Bile of feeding, and what waste of toll and eff.
fort comes from neglect of the economic les
sons taught by the statistics Of scientific agri'
culture.
We now know that our wheat occupies an
area less than the surface Of South Carolina,
and if the yield should equal that of England,
half of that acreage should suffice. We know
of our national crop, maize, which grows from
Oregon to Florida, and yearly waves over a
broader field than all the cereals beside-that
it covers territory larger than the Old Do
minion, and might produce its amplest stores
within narrower limits than the present boun-
daries of Virginia. The potato crop could
grow in the area of Delaware, though yield
ing less than hundred bushels per acre the
barley for our brewing requires less than the
area ofa half dozen counties; and the weed of
solace, sufficient to gut our own and Euro
pean markets, is grown on the area of ccun-
ty twenty miles square.-J. Il. Dodge, at At,
lanta.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
Music HATH CHARMS. sc.

MUSlC HATH Cf1AttuSs W.
WITH pleasureI inform all who desire to give
w their children chance for musical edu-
cation, but whose means are very limited, that
have made arrangements with the celebrated
"Mason & Hamlin Organ Co., to supply persons
with their unrivaled Instrument, either at lowest
prices for cash. on tba or q@a5
ciple. Thus any one by paying only moderate
sum for the use of the instrument, can, at any
time give it up or become purchaser; the amount
already paid being applied to the purchase. Or a
person having paid the rent for four years, be-
comes the owner of the Organ without further
payment. Call and enquire for particulars and
see the new styles, at my Photo gallery, in the
Adickes' building where may be found during
all business hours, either to show you sample or
to wait upon you if you want anything in the
Photographic line as heretofore; .ouo,p
P. S.-Notwithstanding all the misrepresenta.
tions and "gab" of smart agents of the "Ring''
companies, still insist that have the best and
cheapest Sewing Machine (the American to oner,
and I am ready to prove my words to all who
seek for the truth in the matter. j. II. ..
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
agricultural department.
[Original.]
PUSII.

Spring, to the farmer, is spring in earnest.
If in spring he lies in bed in the morning till
the sun is shining, drags himself along like a
fifty pound weight was attached to each of his
feet, stops work every Saturday at noon, goes
to the store twice week, and stops to talk to
every one that passes along the road, he might
as we'll quit farming and 60 to something else.
When the grass begins to grow, the man who
expects to make good living, by tillng the
soil, must push. Every moment of spring
spent in idleness will, in the fall, amount to
hours; every day will have heightened into
weeks. A few weeks hard work in the spring
puts farmer in favorable position, while
only few days of idleness throws him hope
lessly behind for the whole year. Those
farmers who are celebrated for raising large
crops, are those who push, with all their might,
in the spring; and those who are noted for
making poor crops, year after year, are those
who drag along, like snails, in the spring.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

aay~ Many people offer their prayers just as
ashipwrecked voyagers send off their mes
sages. They never look for an answer. They
are in great doubt whether they will ever be
received. And it would seem wonderful
thing, indeed, if such prayers were answered.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

py- A gentleman owned farm in New Jer-
sey. 1t had been long in the family. Embar,
rassments compelled him to sell, and the farm
was put up at auction. He felt so bad about
the sale that he could not attend it, but sent
over his head servant. On his return the
master said "Well, John, was the farm
sold /" "Yes, sir" "Did it sell we'll % ut
went very low" "Who bought it ?" 81 did,"
"You, John Where did you get the money? p
II laid up my wages since worked for you"
"WelI, John, I'll tell you what | will do.
AS soon as you get the title to yourlproperty
I'll come and work for you, and buy the farm
back"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

To CLEAN LooKING-GLAss.-First wash
the glass all over with luke-warm soapsuds
and sponge; when dry rub it with buck
skin or chamois and little prepared chalk
finely powdered.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
&eadinq fur the Sabbath.
CONDUCTED BY
REV. ROBERT LATHAM.
(OriginaI.l
GRACE.

(Originall
GRACE.
"By the grace of God am what | am" is
the deliberate declaration of Paul. The word
grace, in its exact and proper Specification,
means gift, free and unmerited. This is the
idea which the Apostle attaches to it when ne
says that all that he is, is of grace. Too often
we are prone to limit the application of the
word to the provisions which God makes for
the soul. This is not correct. The life which
we live in the flesh is as much dependant
upon the gifts of God, as is the life and hap
piness of the soul. The food we eat, and the
water which we drink, are the gifts of God.
All the circumstances by which we are SUR
rounded, are given to US by God. Every
thing in the universe, sin excepted, is of grace.
Each of us may say, and say truthfully, that
what we are, we are by the grace of God.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

How CHICKENS GET Our OF SHELLS
Take an egg out of nest on which the hen
has set her full time, carefully holding it to
the ear turning it around, you will find the
exact spot on which the little fellow is pick
ing on the inside of the she'll this he will do
until the inside skin is perforated, and then
the shell is forced outward as a small scale,
leaving hole. Now, ifyou will take one Of
the eggs in this condition from under the
hen, remove it to the house or other suitable
place, put it in box or nest keeping it warm
and moist, as near the temperature Of the hen
as possible (Which may be done by laying it
between two bottles of warm water upon some
cotton or wool) and lay a glass over the box
or nest, then you can sit or stand as is most
convenient, and witness the true modus ope.
randi. Now watch the little fellow work its
way into the world, and you will be amused
and instructed, as 1 have often been. After
it has got its opening, it commences nib
bling motion with the point of the upper bill
on the outside of the shell, always working to
the right Gf you have the large end Of the
egg from you and the hole upward,) until it
has worked its way almost round, say within
one-half an inch in perfect circle; it then
forces the cap or butt end of the shell of, and
then has a chance to straighten its neck,
thereby loosening its legs little, and so, by
their help, forcing the body from the SHE'LL
american Farm Journal.
BEEs.-There are two million bee hives in
the United States. Every hive yields, on an
average, a little over twenty-five pounds of
honey. The average price at which honey is
sold is twenty-five cents pound. So that,
after paying their own board, our bees pre-
sent US with a revenue of over s8,SO0,000.
10 reckon it another way-they make clear
gift of over pound of pure honey to every
man, woman and child, in the vast domain of
the United States. Over twenty-three and
third million pounds of wax are made and
given to us by these industrious workers.
The keeping of bees is one of the most profit.
able investments that our people can make OF
their money. The profits arising from the
sale of surplus honey averages from fifty to
two hundred per cent. Of the capital invested.
HoRsEs.-When the legs of horses swell
from standing in the stable, it is evidence of
debility, general or local. 1t would be we'll
to increase the food in quantity or quality.
The following might also be of use : Powder
ed sulphate Of iron, one and oue-half ounces !;
gentian root, two ounces; chorate Of potas-
sa, one ounce mix and divide into twelve
powders. One of these given in cut feed as
little moistened as possible, night and morn:
ing. Ground oats would be better for food
than corn. Friction by rubbing with coarse
woolen cloth upon the parts affected would
also be found beneficial.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

A SMART BoY.-A little fellow, who is an
attendant at Sabbath school, recently lost by
death his older brother. His teacher was
expressing her sympathy for the lad in
his loss, and spoke in praise OF the departed
boy as smart youth. "Yes'm, said the it,
tie scholar, she was the smartest boy l ever
knew. He could stand OH his head longer
than any chap in our neighborhood."
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

VTNHE COOKING STOVES manufactured at our
works in Greensboro, n. c., give universal
satisfaction wherever introduced They are made
of the BEST SCOTCH PIG METAL, with heav-
ier and thicker plate than any other Stove in tho
market, and consequently will the longer with
stand heat and hard usage. They are Of hand
some pattern and neat finish, and warranted equal
in every other respect to any Cooking Stove sold
in the United States, while is contdentlyclaimed
that they are the CHEAPEST. All the usual
pieces of ware and cooking utensils are furnished
with each Stove. An important consideration
with purchasers is the fact that our patterns and
sizes are never changed. Should piece get acci-
dentally broken at any time, we can replace it at
the mere cost of casting. Not simply because it
is a home production, button account ofits intrin-
sic merits as an article of household economy, do
we ask the patronage of home purchasers. More
than ONE THOUSAND OF these Stoves are now
in use, and among many others having them we
respectfully refer to the following: r. =. Guthrie,
D. M. Campbell, NJ. H. Cnrrence, York county !;
Mrs. Elizabeth J. Wylie, Chester; D. A: Gordon,
Guthriesvile; John A. Brown, Rock Hill; ; B. P.
Rovd. Joseph Herndon, L. NJ. Grist, Yorkville.
You can save the freight from the northern cities
and the dealers profit, which is no small item,
by buying of us, and at the same time get a
STOVE THAT IS MORE DURABLE than those
of northern make. The following are our prices
delivered at depot in Greensboro:
No. g. with 10 pieces ware and feet pipe, $50 90
Address,, SERGEANT & McCAULEY,
Greensboro. N. C.
T. NJ. DoBsON & CO., Agents, Yorkvile, S. C..
JOHN r. LONDON, Agent, Rock Hill, S. G..
A. +. LINDSAY, Agent, Lowrysville, Ches-
ter county, S. c.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

n1y" They have good joke on "Professor
of Ventilation" down east, who being put in
a room at hotel with another guest, asked
the latter to raise a window at night, as the
air was so close IL can't raise it, said the
guest, after working at the window while.
'Then knock pane of glass OUT said the
Professor, which was done. After a while
the Professor got up and knocked out an
other pane, then he was able to sleep; but in
the morning he discovered that they had
only broken into bookcase.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
WHITE GOODS.
GOODS FOR GENTS WEAR,

Hats. Caps, Boots, Shoes, Jeans, Tweeds, Cassi-
meres, Cloths, &C., Shirts, Undertaking, and
full assortment of Gents Furnishing Goods.
My stock will be kept full during the season,
and will embrace every article usually keptin
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
G. WEST & SONS
ALADDIN SECURITY OIL.
WARRANTED $50 DEGREES FIRE TEST.
Observation-Disclosures OIL THE WORLD.
Endorsed by the Fire Insurance Companies.

Read the following Certificate selected from many
others:
HOWARD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY
OF BALTIMORE. BALTIMORE, Dec. 23, 1874
Wess,s. C. West & Sons-Gentlemen: Having
used the various Oils, sold in this city for illumi-
mating purposes, take pleasure in recommend,
ing your aladdin Security" as the safest and
best ever used in our household. Yours truly,
(Signed) ANDREW REESE, PRESIDENT
IT WILL NOT EXPLODE!
ASK YOUR STOREKEEPER FOR 1T.
Wholesale depot,
C. WEST & SONS,
Nos lib and lis w. Lombard St.
Eobrnorud 80 6ma
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
CULTIVATION OF WATER-MELONS.

Ihe great Danger IN the CULTIVATION OF tnlS
vine is the use Of too much animal fertilizers.
On the one hand, a poverty stricken soil will
yield neither early nor handsome fruit, and on
the other hand, much stimulating manure is
almost sure to burn them up. A compost Of
muck and lime will do this if there is not a
particle of animal manure in it. 1t will not
answer to mix large mass-say three or four
the hill, however nicely you
may reduce it and incorporate it with the SOIL
1t should be applied the year before it is
wanted, or at least six months beforehand.
Broadcasting or cowpenning is much safer
than manuring in the hill 1t will seem to
many that to broadcast for such crop as
water melons, that may be planted in hills ten
or twelve feet apart each way, is great
waste. But if it is, the waste is not so great
as when applied in the hill, and the whole
crop is lost thereby. Besides, the waste is not
so great as it seems when we broadcast; the
feeding roots run far and wide, and it is for
the health of the plant that it finds its susie
nance abroad and by degrees.
Animal manures and lime must be used
very sparingly any way, but leaf:mould and
finely decomposed muck may be abundantly
employed. Decayed vegetation, especially
old crab grass turned under, will greatly pro-
mote that mechanical condition Of the soil
which watermelons require. A heavy rain
is very liable to ruin the crop, especially in its
later stages. We hear good deal of scald-
ing, but the thing which certainly happens
with a great rain is the compacting Of the soil.
The melon vine is very sensitive to this. 1t
is because new land is so porous that water
melons succeed so admirably on them. Straw
or grass, mixed with the soil, puts it in some
thing of the same state as when it is new and
the sod is full of little roots To throw the
land into beds or ridges is ordinarily desira-
BILE and often quite necessary, but even this
will not avail, in our fine sand, against the
compacting of one of our heavy showers, if
the earth is not lightened up with an abun-
dance of strawy or peaty matter.-BowEN
BROTHERS, Mandarin, Florida, in Florida
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
JOHN I'll. ADAMS.
FALL AND WINTER GOODS

FALL AND WlNTER GOUDS
THE undersigned would respectfully announce
to his friends and the public generally that his
stock of FALL AND WINTER GOODS is now
complete having been purchased in the northern
markets, from first dealers, by that experienced
and judicious buyer, COL. McCoRKLE.
In my stock may be found full and complete
line of
DRESS GOODS.
Including black and colored Silks, Velvet, Vel
veteen, Serges sateens, Poplins, Vaours, and a
great variety Of Cotton Prints of all qualities and
at all prices.
WHITE GOODS,
In full variety, Ribbons, Hosiery, Gloves, Hand
kerchiefs, Table Damask, Hats, Flowers and
Feathers, and general stock of Fancy Articles
Besides the above, in my stock may be found
a complete assortment of
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
RARRER SHOP.

BAhbER SIIOIs
yuyHOSE in want of an EASY SHAVE, a fash.
ionable and stylish cut of hair, or pleasant
and luxurious Shampoo, are reminded that
THOS, BALLARD, Professor of the Art Tonso-
rial is still in business, in his old Shop next door
to the ENQUIRER building, where it will ai1ora 1a
him great pleasure to wait upon all who may ae- e
sire his services. Razors honed and snarpsneu' p
and any other work of that kind promptly zone
He NAV be found at the Shop on Sunday morn
ings from 7 to 10 o'clock. 1Apn
June IL 70 y
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15
THE GREENSBORO PATRIOT.

ESTABLISHED 1921.
nIJBIISHED Weekly in Greensboro, N. c.,
by DUFFY & ALBRIGHT, at S2.lO per year
in advance-postage included.
II ia Democratic Conservative in politics and
labors zeaousy for the material prosperity of the
South generally, and North Carolina particularly.
ns- North Carolinians abroad should not Dc
without it, Specimen copies free. .,,,
The PATRIOT and YoRKvILLE ENQUIRER Will
be furnished one year for "a.
Address,
DUFFY & ALBRIGHT, Publishers
Greensboro, N. c.
February D u
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

HopELEss.-A gentleman walking behind
two school children, the other day, heard the
boy inquire, "Will you be at the party to-
night p I shall be there" answered the
Miss "but may as we'll tell you now that
your love is hopeless. Mamma is determined,
father is set, and it isn't right for me to en-
courage you, but nothing more. Therefore
you needn't buy me any valentine or give me
any more gum"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

ass- The closest walk with God is the sweet
est heaven that can be enjoyed on earth.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

HATS OFr.-Of with your hat, my boy,
when you enter the house. Gentlemen never
keen their hats on in the presence of ladies,
and if you always take yours off when mamma
and the girls are by, you will not forget your
self, or be mortified when guest or stranger
happens to be in the parlor. Habit is strong
er than anything else, and you will always
find that the easiest way to make sure of do
ing right on all occasions, is to get in the
habit of doing right. Good manners cannot
be put on at moments warning.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1875-04-15

ONLY Two.-Only two ways. One broad,
the other narrow one leads to destruction,
the other to life many 60 by the one, few by
the other Which is your way? Only two
sorts Of people Many sorts in mans opinion
many societies, classes, sects and denomina-
tions. Only two in Gods sight: the right
eous and the wicked, the wheat and the chaf
the living and the dead. Which are you !?
Only two deaths: the death of the rig hteous
and the death of the wicked Which do you
think you will die? Which j., do you 's~h,t wish to
the right hand and the left. Only these two
Those on the right hand will be blessed Die
"Come, ye blessed of my Father Those on
the left will be cursed-"Depart, ye cursed
All must appear before the judgment-seat of
Christ to receive the things done in the body,
whether good or bad. What word shall be
spoken to you? On which side of the throne
will you stand?
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-08-07


ANUsEMENTs-FIR PAcE-Fifth and sixth columns
AAssrR0L0SY7 rwnLfTH rAcE-seeond column.
BoARDERs WANTkp4E4SyrS4A PAgEus,Ntb columr
BOARD AND LODGING wANrED-ELKvESTH PACE
BRooKLYS RIAL ESTATE FOR sALE-ELHvns4m
BUSINESS TTioRiUSiTiiEs-Nrsru PAGE
SfY aE EfATE Fo eSuP
cLERKs AND sALgsxEN-TwnLrrH PAer-second
coAcnMEX AND Observation-Disclosures PAGE
coAslWIsE SlhAMsHIPs-TwELFrH PAGE-Third and
COUNTRY 30 RD-ELEvfNr PAcE--sixth column
DEN IihIkf-iwELtTn PAGK-Second column
3@hESG noUEi 70 LE AND UN
FURNISH D-ELkvENTH PAGK-FlIth column.
EUROPEAN sTEAMsHIPs-TwKLSrH PAcE-Third col
ExcURstoNs-rwKLrrn PAGE-Fifth ana sixth COL
FURNISHED ROOMS AND APARTMENTS TO LET
ELEVENTH PAGE-Fittn column.
sES6a p.orseo
HELP Pnd %S0&l1STrRHD-rEMALEs-rwrL PAor-virst
HELP %AHIED-MALEs-TwELr PACE second col
HORSES. CARRIAGES &c.-FIRsr PAcr-Fourth
noTELs-iGLEyFxrn PAGE-sixth column
HOUSES ROOMS. &C, wANrhD-ELEvExrH PACE
!Ns1TRSTGrl0N. = LnvESTm PAeE-sxth column.
LEGAL NoTfcr S-FInsr PAGs-Eoursh column.
LOST AND fOUND-tIRsr PAGE-Second column
E1ksLE MANTELsIE IEvnSr% fYlS column.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS PAGE-Second column.
MISCELLANEOUS Observation-Disclosures AGE
sixth column.
MUSICAl--FIRsr PAGE-Fifth column.
NEW NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. PAGR-Sixth column.
PEkSONAL-FIRsT PAGE-first and second columns
POST OFFICE NOTICE-FIRsT PAGE-Fifth column
PROFESSIONAL SITUATIONS WANiED-PEMALES-
PROPERLY or or TG s0' GT9 FOR SALE OR TO
RbNT-ELEvENTH PAGE-Fourth column.
REAL ESTATE TO EXChANGE-ELEvENTH PAGE
Fourth column.
REAL ESTATE WANTED-ELEvRNTH PAGE-Fourth
column.
RELlGlUUs NoTICEs-FrRsr PAcr--secoud column
RkWARDS-FIRsr PAGE-Second column.
SITUATIONS WANiED-FEMALES-TwRL PAGE
SITUATIONS NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. PAGE
First and second columns.
SPECIAL NOTlCES-FIRsT PAGR-second ana third
sPoRTiNG~ooGs. BIRDS. &C--FIRsr PAGH-second
SUMMER REsoRTs-ELEvENTn PAoE-Sixth column.
THE TkADES-TwHLFTH PAGE-Second column
THE TURF-FIRsT PAGE-Second and third columns.
10 LET FOR BUSINESS PURPOSBs-ELRvENTH
PAGE-Fifth column.
TRAVELLERS GUIDE-TwELrrH PAGE-Fourth and
fifth columns
ELEVENTH PAGE-Fifth column.
WATCHES. JEWELRY. &C.-fIRsT PAGE-Fourth col
wEsTCIiEsTER COUNTY PROPERTY FOR SALE OR
TO LEr-ELBvRNTH PAGE-Fourth column
YACHTS, STEAMBOATS,. &C.-TwELTrH PAGR-Sixth
column.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-08-07
CARAToGA RACES
August 10. u. M. u. 10 and 81

An opportunity OF winning small fortune AZ the out
lay Of an Insignificant amount Is afforded at saratoga on
the iOtn ana following DAYS Certain horses nave been
saved expressly from the at tins meeting, ana
from Win winners at the first meeting several
races certainty; one race on tuesday no Op-
position will be offered OF any moment As two owners
having the best horses VIII In together ana pools
win only be bought up the day Of race 50 that 30
chance IN French pools Will give an immense pront
than probable that the horse Will at all ctv
pools be among the neld Name OF horse and al other
particulars and four certain winners at aratogas Sec
Qnd meeting sent post receipt OF 81 Address
J. H., boz A229 Post Office, New YORK
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-08-07
WATCHES. JEVvMLRY. &c

WATCHES, JENVELEY, sc.
A DVANCEs MADE ON GOOD. LEFT ON COM
~ mission; Diamonds. Watches Jcweiry, S!lverware
Pianos silks Laces &C. bought and sold business con
hGenuaL 49, >. FIRU.KI,
lOs Nassau street OF Anu, lrst door.
NET YOUR PRINTING DONE Az THE METRoPoLf.
VI TAN PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT, 2ls Broadway
You wall and II advantageous