The New York herald., 1875-07-17

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drift southward was at the rate OF about four
miles a day, and frequently, from this clrcum-
stance, at the end OF the days toll they were
further southwark than In the morning. But,
Notwithstanding all tnis-tnelr SIsyphus-like
labor-aiter nve weeks trial they reached lati-
tude SO deg. As min, had traversed 292
miles, and were about 500 miles from the
Pole. Parry thus reached the highest northern
latitude, and this feat has never been surpassed.
ROYAL HONoRs
On April 20. 1890, Franklin-Who had been doing
good work surveying on the American coast
and Parrv were Knighted by George ". month
after both received the honorary degree OF d. q. L.
from the University OF Oxford On that occasion
4. Leigh Claughton, now Bishop OF Rochester, re-
cited the prize poem on 'Voyages OF Discovery
TO the Polar Regions" which thus concudes:-
But fairer England greets the wanderer now,
UDiadng laurels shade her Parry's brow;
And on the proud memorials OF her fame
Lives, liHked with deathless glory, Franklin's
namel
CAPTAIN J. c. ROSS.
Captain J. G. Ross, in 1922 tried to induce the
Admiralty to send out another expedition; but,
his efforts proving unsuccessful, Sheriff Booth
offered TO pay all expenses. The land to which
the grateful commander gave the name OF Boothla
was discovered; but great hardshps
dured by the crew during their four years. alb
sence. They had been obliged to abandon the
Victory; ana were discovered by Captain Hum
phreys in the Isabella. Ross former vessel, on the
south snore OF Lancaster SOUND in August, 1883.
CAPTAIN BACK.
In 1888 Captain Back examined the course OF
the Fish River, and three years after ne made an
expedition in the Terror.
THE EREBUS AND TERROR.
After an interval or niue years we have the i'll
fated expedition OF SIR John Franklin in the
Erebus and Terror, which let England May 10,
l845, the officers and crews numbering 13) men.
FRANKLIN was ordered
To proceed to Banln's Bay. and soon as ice per-
mltted to enter lancaster Sound and proceed
westward through Barrow Strait in the latitude
of about "a deg IS min. until they reached the
Longitude OF Cape Walker or about 98 deg. west.
They were then TO use every enort to penetrate
southwark ana west toward Benring Strait, ana
IL was in this part that their greatest dicultles
were apprenenued. II these were proved TO be
insurmouutable they were next directed to
the broaa channel between North Devon and
CORVALLIS island, commonly called Wellington
Channel. provided 1t appeared open and clear OF
ice.
On July 2e the ships were seen by whaler.
waiting to enter Bafnn's Bay. Sherard Osborn
says
The Northwest Passage would never have peen
discovered but for the devotion OF Franklin, his
officers and men. They each volunteered for that
duty and they fell IN the performance of it. The
IL appears, at the mouth Of the Great Fish River
must have gone down some channel from the
neighbOrhoOd OF Capes Walker or Bunny, In Bar
row Strait, ana there have fallen IN. adding the
great link which connected the known coasts or
the Parry Archipelago With that or the American
ContinentH).
LADY FRANKLIN's EFFORTS.
Early in 1S4s Lady Franklin, by reward OF
f3, 000 tried to induce whalers TO deviate from
their usual course in order to gain tldings OF the
missing vessels. In the spring of that year the
government was induced TO ns up the Enterprise
and Investigator, under the command Of Sir J. C.
Ross, for thai purpose. At the Same time Sir j..
Richardson and DIR. Rae conducted land expe-
dltion. All were unsuccessful.
CoLLINsoN AND MCCLURE.
In 1850 a most Important voyage was made by
Captains Colnson and Mcclure in the Enterprise
and Investigator. The vessels parted July 20, and
Captain Mcclure, in the Investigator, gained the
southern extremity OF Banks Land. Here,
to his great astonisnment, he found a
strait communicating with Barrow Strait.
Ice prevented the progress OF the vessel then,
but by means of sledge party Captain Nc
Clure, IN October, 1850 discovered the Northwest
Passage. This he subsequently made with his
Ship but had to endure great hardships. In TACT
he was rescued, April, 1853, by the Resoute Gap
tain Kellett) and the Intrepid Commander Nc
Clintock) OF Sir Z. Belchers expedition. The
crew OF the Investigator did not arrive in Eng
land until 1855 having spent four winters in the
Arctic regions. Though they could gain no It'd
ings OF Sir John Franklin the gallant COMMANDER
OF the expedition had solved the problem which
had always been one OF the dreams OF Arctic ex-
porers, and he received the 100000 which the
government had offered for the discovery.
AMERICAN RESEARCH.
In the year 1850 four English expeditions and
one American, besides that just described under
ColIinson and Mcclure, went out 10 search for
Franklin.
SIR JOHN ROSS EXPEDITION.
The cost OF that under Sir John ROSS, in the Fe-
ix was betrayed by public subscription. This
started in April, and in the following month gov
ernment sent the Resoute, Captain Austin; the
Assistance, Captain Ommaney and the Intrepid,
Lieutenant Sherard osborn. The latter gentle
man has since been particularly enthusiastic IN
Arctic exploration. We deeply regret to have to
record the death of tais gallant ofllcer, who dia
not live to witness the departure OF that expedi-
lion whose appointment ne so enthusiastically ad-
vocated. Admiral Sherard Osborn passed away
on May last, In his itty-thrd year.
THE FOURTH ENGLISH EXPEDITION
was the Prince Albert, Captain Forsyth, a vessel
OF only ninety tons, toward the expenses OF which
Lady FRANKLIN gave e., 200 and her friends about
sl,50o. This was organized to supplement the
government expedition and thoroughly search the
land of Bootnia by means OF boats carried in che
vessel The Prince Albert came up with Captain
Austn's vessel Davis Strait July 0, having left
| Aberdeen June 10y.
Captain Austin's vessel used blasting cylinders
to get rid OF the ice, and with considerable sue
cess.
The two steamers, the Pioneer and the Intrepid,
were OF great assistance in towing the other ves-
sells through the leads or openings in the ice, aud
also in dashng, with full steam on, at impedlments.
We may remark en- PEASANT ehat the use OF steam
vessels In Arctic navigation mas enabled eXplor-
ers TO take their ships rapidly through dangerous
places, and added enormously to their resources.
/ After the Prince Albert had passed through Bar
row Strait so much ice was met with tnat the Iii. .
tie vessel was obliged 10 return to England.
THE GRINNELL VESSELS SIGHTED.
In Leopold Bay she saw the American exped1-
! tion-the Advance and Rescue-whlcn we have
mentioned as the filth cxpeoition OF the year
1850, under Lieutenant De Haven and Dr. Kane.
n,ni out nv oto IN oarf-