, 1875-06-05
Timber In Eoroign Counsrlcs.,

fHbHd HHu HHttF.
During tho spring of 1874 tho british Goycrr.
mo1!t n:t4reBAcd circular 10 tlo repro sentatjyos
Of 1Eoat britain In tho principal lumber nro.
tturnS countries OF Europe. in tin Un.tcu States
aud Drazlln Cuba and Honduras. asking for intor.
NATION AZ to tilo production and consumption of
tlmber} Information desired HlDro particularly
bv tho Commissioners OF our Wood. anI Forests,
t!ttoon Questions woro sakel.- Fhsso related
To tho sorts Of trocs Eruwn IN each COUNTRY tho
uHas male or each klnl tho ownersI1lp ct forost
lands the ca'lsos u increase decrease In the
Gcraago of forcat', tbs quantity Of wood cut MI
nually, and tho amounts exported ami consumed
at homo. Inquiries also Wore nado ~ to lilo
ascertAinod iliuonce Of fnrosts on local climate,
rainfall. floods, Ac., aud. Particularly IN Ssitzor.
lahdt wltthar my stopB hayo been taken to ro-
!llaut ths HlleH Of tho nlountains, 30 ~ to stay
tho aotson Of iain III lenulins tho solt Various
Ionorts on all tho foregoing topics have NOW
bocn rooalved, and mUv be procured In the form
of q Parliamentary Blue nook from nh,ch wo
may here Gull q few brief extracts. commendiug
The work itself to tho carorul Intention Of ali
who talo All interest in forest preservation,
subject full Of importance, not only bcca,,so
tEmf'er ls Indispensable To huu,nn ex,stenoe, but
becauao we may point to Palestine, to Spain, sud
probably 70 mAny rogions III North Africa, to
alow how tho gradual destruction Of forosta
vii change tho chasactor Of q country aud its
nhabitsnts foroyor. 10 Bohemia, during Tho
past tot, yoass, specos Of worm. which seoms
to not itko M opidea,lu, Las loen causing great
doyaalatlon In tho fo1osts. Tho onti. O s,do Of
range Of hills may 10 scou sometimes laid bars
OF t!'nhor bg the inroais Of thia worm liscaso.
Tho aninutfon of fufcstn In parts OF Austria,
md more especially iu Hungary, has boan fol.
lowed by bauoful Consequences, such ~ long
d'ougAts aud tro1aoudoua wiuls wis,oh oil tllo
air with uncenhtux clouds OF dust aud cousitlora-
bly ncronBo pulmonary dsoaees IN towns which
hAvo become sotalIy unshB'teretl. Post. Pros
burg, and Vienna arc now perfectly .ntolorablo
during thrao parts Of tho yolr from this cause.
At ltlu dn JAnolro, thundcr-stot,na. formerly ol
da!sY occurrence arn now rarc an tito ca,lao il
supposed to 10 tho destruction of tho forcsts
which susfoumdsd ths town, ~ ,tsw soadA have
been .natlo !1enco, III 1852, yellow fevor risILol
tlo place, and las noyer LEFT it aiHca. though
tEcos arc being busily ptantot 10 oyery struot.
IL Iicsso and baden grnater prudence tas been
diHptaJcdt foiiE-hfths OF tho former Duchy md
ono'tu1Fd OF tue lattor aso wooded. aud tuo law
requires that ogey thirty yoars ta!Il which has
once betonEod to tho cultivation Of treoa m!sat
return to its original employment. In Sweden
tIIe timber rosource arc Immense: Lsp'nnl haB
Mofor boon Hutvoyod, tut fs rockonsd, With tho
Nolthoru Pruyinons, 10 cnntsin auu,o 3n, ,001, on
acres OF fosest, UuEortunatolY.' Ito ulscoasiDg
a.,a enormous demands for wood, especially t1r
charcoal, hunso building, aud ucifor matches,
tho forusss; this fast il of worldwide ioapor:-
anco, for there is hardly maritime country,
except chlua md Japnu. TO which Swedish wood
~ @ nome form does not find !ts WAY. At last !n
trees tess than ! inches In d4amstor At Il; foct
from tue ground. Ih!a statute uppltes oaiJ to
tno Bsthn'an Forests. X exteuded TO al
Swodon, Hs It probably will bo. 1t may greatly
aircct tile mining intnsosts Of Great Britain, fos
It will cut oil tho snpply OF small ttn,bcr known
"a "plt-props." III bwitzcrland thore Is now y
bylyan SoeiosY. aud great paus aro being sakon
to inIuco people to roplaut cleared aud douutod
mountain slopes. 10 .s 10 psovont tho dau,ago
Which tloodu, lands1tph, and aya!anohcs havo Of
lass yeaFs 10 frequently inflicted. Switzerland
also l,aa IN tnIuHtry-tLat of wood.oarylnR-
whnl, .SLs bad Mais peculiarly her own,
although 1t waa not introduced iuso tho Dasueas
Obcrlauu bofofo 1876. This wood.carylug IN.
n,lally usoa up an enormous quantity Of wood Of
nlt sorts. In Cuba thnrs aro abundant forests,
which u,uat have inoraasod since 1868, when tho
tnanrroasIcn broke out, for there has boau yosy
little cutting Of lato yoars, but, as vo might
expect wllofe tho Spanish arc coucornod, no
more caro- !s tako.. no loss recxeaHnass Ii Shown
by tho far1noH who cut wood for their uso IN
C'1ba than IN sny Other timbsr-cl2d part Of tbs
plDba. '