The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1875-05-06
,,orcc bctuce ;he Stafcs-scund
'u'" a,r,,c from the United states SH.

49,. ..,... q" .hr state OF M9rl land rs.
}" =, ..:,,.o-. .trb Ohio Railroad Company,
-. %,a,4,v the court laid down the
't'''l" ",,,rc a. follows:
49,. w ~. -,,d j. one ot The principal thor
~n- j., .hf country for Interstate ira
-. conceded. and. indeed, may De judi
'-'r, o..aresl. A.. however. nearfy all the
.'.,. ir ,i.,, country are, or may be, used
..,,,,.. ui les tNicrt AZ Inks III through
..-r,,ru:, Ms road cannot IN prlncipie
'' '..s.l - yn,XrCiiioual one ~ that re-
r,pr.ryc,, on land between the diff
',, ,,,,,- : - >'r'kiugly dS>imilar in
-.,-r ~+.r..a.> ON commerce on water that
,t,.i ,i.ili .,.ft ~ regard them in the same
.,.s. IN r,',r.rc.. 10 the respective conStl-
.....' ,.rg,r> and duties OF the State and
,'..s.~., Governments.
I, gnri,i. commerce hc water was priGci-
q. ,r, ~, m,..i> ot hose who framed and
.ro.ai the Constitution, although o9tn It's
-,. 'g,,,.apA spirit embraced commerce by
.,3 q. utr. Maritime transportation re-
,... ,1rya4wav. Nature has prepared to
~ ,l., portion Of ihe inS'rumentallty
'...,rd. In. nAviglhIc waters Of tbe
','g are r,r..n}z 4 public highways Of
...,. and rt,rvour>r. No franchise Is
,....r.3 .afu.. h The navigator 10 Use them.
sir ',;r yp.tlCirs 0t commerce hy water
....r. sy..rutarn'S Of in:crcommunication
.,i4.,l,.rl,'ui> the regulation OF them Is
...,.,.g.! ! X ,a,. nltjoDa! legislature. so that
,.... .a,t.h:u-@ Tj'h transportation by
,..t... tui ,,,.cu.il bN >ca. is at once clearly
,......r.~,! distinctly li>cerniblc.
~, i. =, drr'.,rrt with TRANSFORMATION by
...,., ,,... .,.ir.ly norformed on common
..,'.i,',..r,r,.I.. ,jr.wn i,y animal power.
=. .,..,,f...J,y im,oiurd that the roads
4 ,,-i..,.f ~. ,nur,ry frycept when the
'...- ..E,....l r,y,.s ,hra strcams) were not
'..,...,,. .,,fi,,, BON a, iu,hcir construction
.....r ,rd ,r,ra,,.n,n,, to State regulation
,a ..r,rol. They were All ned. either by
.. ,..... NJ NADER their authority. The
..,.-.. ia. ~,.,,r m irt,rpo,r or authorize
'H ..n. a.. !, s,ur Il, S1> uuoues,ionrd.
>..,.. ,,.r,icu Sunposrd tha, the warops
.,..,. c,nrrry whlcn wcrc the vehicles Of
.';, ;,.,r,,a1.,r, or ,hr horses bv which they
,..... ,tr,,wr. waT. subject TO national regn.
.,.,, rn..rno,,u.ui nt prr>,u, and ,ner.
....r,I., .o lnu"a.i, !, v.,. ;S free 10 one orr-
..o ,. tn ,no,h.r-ro ,h, ci,iz.ns of other
=. .. Ia i,,s ~ 1f IA.
49,. ,..rf,ru,.d--yy.. mo-, rcr,rrrd AZ
,..r,r.riiurionally restricted and ,rammnlIed
&, ..H, ey,crcd on bridge, or turnuikes.
g.t,,lrr hc,Onrinr 10 the Stale or 70
rr.y.,c pcr.on>. And when. i'm process OF
.u.- n4nYIs WIRE constructed. no amount Of
,.f., vta,h WAS eynrtcd thereon by the Stale
r...-.. camn.ni.> which owned them yas
..y.rr,.,,r,;rd ,. Al, infripncmcnt of th. Cor.
>,I.4.ur. Whru constructed by the State
..>,... ;leg might &c The source Of revenues
4t-.,y ,Xcc-dIng The outlay without cXcit-
.a. wen thv question Of conStitutionally.
:, "Arn, hy The improvements and d>cove-
~, Il m'cAanir,l science. railroads came 10
.- ag1.! and furnished with all the apparatus
pl .ap.a and all-ab.orbing transportation no
10. imagined thal the State, II Itself owner
q: Il" ""rk. might not exact any amount
".4''tcr of toll. or fare or freight, or au.
'.,-2s - cI'IZcu> or corporations, If own
,... IL d. IL" ,ama. Had the State built the
.a-I II q.,,>..on il might t. this dav, unchal.
~e.., aud unchaIrngeuble, have charged
$50 dollars and Ijity cents tor carrying 4 pas
.ra.rr 1y.@,,u Baltimore and Washington.
:, m.-A, the railroad company under au
,.a.I,y t..u the Sta;c. if it saw fit to do so.
I-e>r NE positions which must be con.
adri, ~ one hu> EVER doubted them.
IA.> unlimited righ; OF the State to charge,
.! l. authorize Other, 10 charge, toll, freight,
d; ia:r, Tor Transportation on its roads. canals,
4"d railroads, arises from Tie simple fact that
,@sE are H. own works, or constructed under
:..i; to exact compensation for their use. 1t
49, : discretion as 10 the amount OF that
~ien>'tloa. Ina; discretion Is leglsla'
.'.-a >o'tftl=h-dl>cTetlop, ana ID lis very
~-."'e i H"!cHlric,cd ana uncontrolled. ihe
S'iS! o1 'he Fhhi'c against any abuse OF
,a'> discretion resides IN the responsibility
% lie pubic OF those who for the time being
az N'cl'iy invested Withf. In this respect
) In, AL other legislative power when not
1dodrd - specific constitutional pro-
'&'c'i' and The courts cannot presume that
. mn T." exercised dctrimentally.