Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1875-07-03
MONKEYS ana where Pound.

Mr.. Sclater, +. R, s., recently lectured
at the Geological Gardens, London, on
Monkeys and their Geographical Distri-
button" After referring to the consid-
cradle series of monkeys in the society
collection, from which a specimen OF the
Chimpabzse ~(Troglodytes niger,) Of an
Albipo Macaque Monkey (Macacus
synomolgus,) and others we're exhibited,
Mr.. Sclater drew attention to the six
geological provinces into which the sur
face of the earth was generally acknowl-
edged to be divided. These be had
named and defined as follows:
l. Polaarctic Region-Europe, Arr.
ca north of the Atlas, and North Asia.
2 Ethiopian Region-Afriea south Of
the Atlas, and Madagascar.
3 Indian Region South Asia, Philip
pines, and Islands Of Indian Archipela-
90 to Wallace's line.
4. Neartic Region-North America
down to Isthmus Of Tehauntepec.
8, N%eotropical Region-Central Amer
lea south of the lstbmus oil %Tehauuteptc
and South America.
6. Australian Region-Austraha, New
Guinea, aud Austro.M Malay Archipelago.
No monkeys being found in the Austria
liam or Nearctic regions and zone in the
Pa'@lrctic, except the Macaque Of Norih
Africa and Gibraltar.
Commencing with the AuthroHoid
Apes, the Gorilla (Troglodytes gorilla)
was shown to inhabit the tropical regions
of West Africa only, not extending south
beyond the River Gaboon. The same
region is the home of the Ch~impaDzee,
which, however, spreads to the east for a
considerable distance, having been cap
tHred in Abyssinia. 1t is also found as
far south as the north bank of the river
Congo. OF the two other genera Of An
lhrohoid Apes, the Orapg Utan and the
Gibbon, the former is confined TO Borneo
and Sumatra, the latter to the Malay
Peninsula, Assam, and the Islands OF the
Indo-Malay Archipelago.
OF the Catarrhine, or Old World Mon
keys, there is a peculiar long-tailed ge-
nus (Semnopithecus) found in India and
the Malay region. This is represented
in Africa by a similarly peculiar genus,
Colobus, which wants the thumb; it is
found mostly in West Africa, extending
east as far as Abyssinia. OF this group
the Indian EntellUs monkey is best
known. The genus Macacus is mostly
confined to the Indian region; a species
IN. speciosus) is, however, found In ia
pan; and the Barbary ape On. inDus)
from Apes Hill has crossed to Gibraltar.
The genera Cercopithecus and Cyno-
cephaclus are confined to the Ethiopian
region.
The Platyrrhine monkeys, with an ex-
ira premolar on each side Of each jaw,
are inhabitants Of the tropical portions
OF the Neotropical region only. Amongst
them are included the genera Cebus,
Ateles, Mycetes, Brachyurus, and others,
some with and others without prehensile
tails, many Of which have, al one time or
other, lived in the society's gardens.
The Marmosets have one less molar in
each half OF each jaw, which makes the
number OF their teeth the same as in
man, although this is the consequence of
there being four more %premolars and
four fewer true molars.
The Lemurida. whether they ought to
be included with the monkeys or whether
they form an independent group, may be
considered with the qusdrumans, as has
been usually the case. They are distrib
uted throughout the Ethiopian and In
dian regions, nearly all the species, in
GLIDING Chiromys, being confined to
Madagascar, which must be considered
their true headquarters.