, 1875-04-24
AMERICAN AGRrCULTURE,
Its Progrc*s IN One Iaundrch Tears.

l
AMERICAN AGRICULTURE
Its Progress IN One IHnndrct Yca...
| Nost1n journal,
| Secretary Flint, of our Btato Hoard Of AM.
culture, l,AH ta!on tho rrcsel.t opportunity tot..
pnbsh in pamphlet form m cxcoatllns; tiati,
md brggoh.iyo essay on "A HUNDRED Ye,'
Progress Of American Agriculture" which ro,. ,
ssttutest part Of hia tN ontytlrBt annual resr
During tho 1luvolutIon and fur Bon,o s.,I,
| after, lnrm production wnR III state Of e1tfans
deproaHion. Tie first o1ganiiz7cd e!rort toxai
Casol'na Agricultural Socipty In 1881, fpra7..
ell by thp Phllatephfa Socicty, orsaulzet !,
1885; tho .Nuw York Society, IN liai.
and tho Mnssaclnasotts Soctety. IN i'll
Theso societies wme regarded With d,.tnII
aasl met with considerable opposition, mtLss
farmers were strongly itnhirtl With tho npi,it NJ
conservatism and exceedingly reluctant to e..
brace new ltlcas, It wns MT Until 1910 sha. A.,
agricultural exhibition mas held. In May III:
year tho Columbian Agricultural Society lad !,
exhibition ut Georgetown, u. G.. Will hbeut
premiums for tho encouragement Ut sl,eer.as
Ing, etc. ln October Of tho same year Elaa5n
Walton oxliibitou thrco tMesluo shocp in iii.
field, afasH-tllo exhibition being tho occa.,,,
Of much rlsltcuo ni'l contempt of tho tarmes. i
III az County, ' As}'eua sGi soesty y sss s o;.S
mud Its exhibitions hase been lted rega,atl.
pittnl!oll oyor Hinoc--bh,ng tic ilrrt coupti II,
htblstous ever instituted Il, sllis county.
Improvements iu sle pillow BEGAN tusaEd Il,
cfoBo Of tho laHt centtlry. patent tOr GU
Iron piow was granted IL 1851, but farmers VET sss,
rory slow to accept. tho innovation, msnY Il
sl.onl cingltlE to their wputcn povs On Tia
g1n,,nd tat caBt iron rnfsoned Tie ground al
spoiled tllo crops. During tho ast hat.ccnIu1
great improvements hnyo been maao il 4,
rlCs whicl, n1alo frnp ton to twelva haudreI dst.
fere1t patterns, nuanted to oycry yafetr OF sol
and clrcG1nHthNce, anl thoro il ono laree laaso-
~ ut ptt burg wAich, 81 oarly,a 1896 ii,
manufacturing % 1nnny ha lQo ploSs
dAy. Tho recent application Of steam 10
thu operation Of p'owthg, nnd TIM Haeccss Ut h.
steam puw where 1t has beoh tired, rointt tol
development OF tho agricultural RESOURCES Of IL
West buddy dreamed OF u yet. ln tito hatfas,
and in tho sma lec fartn tools, thoro hayo lea
very great improvements, Iut tic most imTs.
TINT Of modern agricultural laycnto,,s aso tn
Intn-larvostera. tile reapers tho mowers, Il.
. t,reshcts, mi! tho horAo-rakca. Tho nllmbt:sf
two-horeo roapcra III operation III 1871 pcfftruA
al amount ok work oluul iU about milLesi
mon and tho result OF Tie extouded use Of l1a
machinery was Li,ut ots capacity for farm ra
| tiuctiuu wns not iulteraly dlssnrhod by sasfld
| that nl,o OF tNo uiil!iou able.podtod men I'm
| Withdrawn frnm industrial! push'iIsH.
Tho tirBt trial Of reapcrs aud mowers washA
rcct, md tho results OF tho trial wole no! O.
, eidol cd ,mpottant among fatmors. EvefF 5sr,
however, atldod to tl.o l,st of improvements Al
tho parlB ExptBiilon III 1865 t'ree arhlnesHts
! | entercd-une American, QUO EneIlslI, and Gnt
! Algerian, Tho first dill it's wuth III tseny...,
J III eoyeuty-two. Dy Tue yea: 1864 the!o Hera II
, ostabl 4hnleuta tn THIS country devoted IL til
l manufacture " roapcrs aud mowers !he yalt.
D Of tbu.r ann,ial pro ltict exceeding slsojoG1
0 hundred tLousansl. Tho horso hay-raso wtaI
u c1rl.or tn.ontiun tlan tho moning.tn@h2a
! aud ia only second to, thas III value. 4
! pelfnrn,s tho labor uf eight or ton men, I'D
: from twenty to thirty arrcs day cln Il
gathered by angle h9tau aht! drl'eF. ''ihsa' 1
l cuttor, aud multitude Of lesset farm in!+
, 1nonts might 10 mentioned in which tnar1el lC'
: proyometils havo boen n,ade. At tho paris Es
|, position, aIrondy referred TO, Ill Anehrsa
q threshhgn.aohino carried oil tia pEzc, IL aai
8 being found by acttial experiment TO bs elua
Q that Of 1.u mou. lAt tutal yal.io uf farm !npt
nontB aud rnncninory, Us reported By tle eea:7, M
i OF 1870. WAS s3J6, ,B78, 429. gam OF sis5.h!!i
o In taenty years. as proof that tl!o n1echsalt.
d genius or the country ID still acti'els at xqrA
j. rroyomeuts IN agricultural 'nplclneuta "aa Wy
d granted iii slngla year. ls72j aud ha .n sunss y
q to ovor H53, GOO. QUO.
IS Tho general dlTusion Of intelligence, thss7
n p.oyements Introduced In implements and n's q,
II
ronds to a.lofd marriott to tho inland faFG.:
l,Ayu had their natural effect IN Drinking aboals
wonderful Development Of agrlentAss' ~ u.
larul increase In tile volume OF crops aaa III
a acreage under cultivation. In f1fu the so!a
!" amount Of corn exported from Ill the eaosta,
waY 57B, $40 blshe1a. III 1860 tho crop smou3 ~ ~
to 833, ,7Y1, 74a buslln1s The protluo;lun o. xlf u
T. haa iucrcaeed from .8282a bu Lsis in ls1
70 137,7I5, GIG bushels III 137U. Of tue tt14S
grans tue ryo crop in l8lo amon1tsa m i n, tt.
f,Jxt tntJ f,ntt
es wheat. 1U000dUo oats 253 o0o Mn. ~ n
N dlictlon Of POTATOES In 1s7O was Luz oll
= elu. IN 1861 tao aggregAto yield Of soD''s' w
VI 4jl,209,dbl pounds. .-.,. u,.,;,
Tho cotton crop has grown ZIP enuss'5 I'D I'D
the lasti0o ycars Very little cotton w. r.. i.
ae in tho Southern states preyiuus to W!n'psis,. 1T
.d vcntion at tho cnttou-gn in tf43. W 10 ~, !,
sd ti,no IL bad IeqMira4 MI ou,tra day Iol n",i m
clear pound Ut cotton ftom tho coed Mpt1u ~.
invention, with otllcr .mproTr'nou's anu u.r,ttl
a. QUO man to 10 The wolk Ut 0 lne =! !1 ~ ~
lg methods. Tho 1uaasity produced " * I'll lis il
~ 2,u7D, 13U, 8UO pounds, 0f, WHICH .tNs;t,,su
III pounds wero exported Tho liaS erop ~ ~ st.l
grown up almost entircly IL tho Az ~ ~ oo,
and tho yield ha4 lncseassl from 10 s U,ost,
On 1910 to 27.8lG0aB tons in 1871 Ihs r., aS', s
up value oil tie crop ~ NOT less tha'l tor ii
he Which III to DO added all equal AAoaus tire ~
nt ya!uo oE grnss for sntntnaf pABtna aso' w. ,nahs
u aggregate OF tgo0. .00o Q0o for tho gfass III
|o cgNn u &ub couHst3s 4ltn lbua'~s ,ur r,NA
he cifcct On tho number aud quality OF pas p",s.,,
e Du,ing lha last quarter Of century .s's G,l
Ill tho lmportatous u cl,oice bteeda o. ca'su
~ boon numerous. III thIa stato, lot an,..ijs
~ there we're loss than eeronty-afo .Itsr HS ~
]. Jerseys Ia 1858 J.. now they ua"T, +.
TO eral thousands, and tho same ,.fy,
t1 Of the Ayrshlres. In 1910 '1s g7lsG
t." gate number OF ncatesttlc waa ~ 1ayd,. y.nd i.
lot while In 1870 tho ua,nbor ras 23 s;o,eos Il III
be total value of livestock serorto4 VIZ 5, d ID
hc 270467. Az to dairy productH' s4syt MI
bug lAat CENSUS 235 d0O, ,bD gallons o. n1lh tit 81
al Wills tho annual butter prodnct - t4a Mil o
he 0OV 600 pounds, aud tue chroee e1coeun III
1as QUO pounds. Ihe value of tho 1s aapu ssIas
product ID over f400.0U0. 900. ~ ,hoa. h
N, animals sold for Hlaug4ter Amounts ~ arr i;
same sum, or t"lca Whit It "as ,a ten }RsTs BIT
In Bwlno, sheep, aud horBca. tue.gI tsIes i
ulany improvements H. y. 20. ~ ~ ~ !6l thst
crease liz numbers. III 1871. ~ .,.co, nj,
were reported, and tha guanttyo4 "hontt I
lou, 0O0, GOO pa,ilus. tbs number f nia o. ri shs
y rurted vt tue san,e limo wsa b,t",sA'
7.li9B wcre un failus. ,,.. ,3vso tnf
further Interesting facts m'gIias p1 1dh;fu.uu
gard 10 tla usB Of fertilizers. the aInu,lous
avr,euklirRl lteratuie, aud tno ToEn..tiou, Of
out science tU agriculture, but tue ~ 'amblaes
single article ate TOO contFacsea W u..i,Is saDul
ian tho statistics Of Ru naltstry Wlsn WlI.M Ws u
ru. " The yast income Of F344s ptW1,oi prosss
Ak.E .1If