New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-04-10
APPLIED SCIENCE.

RELATION OF BACTERIA TO PUTREFACTINE us
rAsE.-Dr Klein of the Brown Institution, III Lon
dom has published paper in reference to the rch-
ton of bacteria to putrefactve diseases ana HIS
found, in the course of certain investigations upon
the smallpox of the sheep that the Emphatic YES
ses of the loose tissue beneath the skin and else
where are occupied by the branching fiaments of a
funeus-like organism. In the pustulcs which form
on the surface these flaments give rise to minute
rounded spores which have also been seen by other
observers and recognized as special corpuscles OF
the diseases smallpox ana Naccllla. III illFestiea-
fling the phenomena of typhoid fever he has asccr-
tanned that in the liberated nestnes there are inn
meme numbers of minute round, ycllowls.-gecn
orgauisns both in the tissues of the Intestinal wall
and i'll the Will of the surface.
METHOD OF DISTINGUISHING IMrREGNATED EGGS.
A method of distinguishing imprcgnaed eggs from
those that unfertie consists, according to Mr..
Sauyadon, in the use of tube of pastebOard or OF
rubber eight to twelve inches long and of the diam
eter of the eggs through which the eggs are to be
examined on the third or fourth day of incubation.
They are 10 be taken, one by one between the fin
ger and thumb, and held in one end of the tube,
which is directed toward the sun, while the eye is
applied to the other end. In this way any bad cggs
can he easily detected. The good eggs are to be re-
stored to the nest and at the end of hive days. II de-
ycopment is taking place, the hbcTs of the chicken
can easily be perceived through the Illuminated
she'll and indeed the process of development readily
followed This method OF course, extremely
fcult if not impossible, with eggs that have col
ored shell like those of the pheasant, etc.
IMPROVEMENTS N MINERS SAFETY LAMPs.-In
speaking of sounding and sensitive flames, Mr. A. ;.
Herschel states that in the application of them to
the construction of miners safety lamps, which
shall make an audible noise on the approach of
dangerous gases, must avoid any vibrations
except the extremely small oscillations of high
nit cd NOT ntl ~ danger
apprehended from the sounding action of the flame.
According to DR.. Irvine the state of musical sensi-
tiveness in Barrys wire gauze sensitive flame is due
TO the increased infammability of the burning gas
mixture. The gas current, before reaching the wire
gauze, will naturally entanglc and mix with IT
larger quantity of air when IT is disturbed than
when il issues smoothly. Such disturbance is pro-
duced by the action OF external sounds, under
whose influence the appearance OF the iianf Is more
contracted and bOisterOus than when the gas jet
burns in q surrounding atmosphere OF quescent ar
GASES IN THE CANCELLATION or TIE BLoOD.-As
the result of some recent Investigations by Messrs.
Matthew and Urban upon the part which the gases
play in the coaguatOn of blood, these gentlemen
announce that carbonc acid is the agent of spOnta-
neous coagaton, and that, during life, the Obsta-
Gle to this coagulation resides in the blood cor
puscles, which have as their special function the
xaton not only of the oxygen, but also of the car
bonic acid in the blood. AS a result the coagllating
action of this gastannot be exerted in physiological
conditions. The blood which returns from glandu-
lar organs. especially from the kidneys, is inco-
amable, and contains very little caTbonic acid. If
the removal of carbOnic acid from the blood be
favored by simple. eX3sm9se, consultation VIII nor
carbOnc acid, cOagulaiOn rapidly sets in. The cl0s,
however, are softer than those which form III ar,
rendering il probable that oxygen influences their
consisence. Lastly, certain neutral salts impede or
prevent coaguaton, but such salts Fix "A notable
volume of carbonic acid and thus withdraw 1t from
the blood
PREVENTING THE CURDLING OF MILK BY OIL OF
MUsTARD.-Thc observation of Schalbe, that the
addition of a single drop of oil of mustard to 30S
grains of milk will prevent its curding for weeks,
has been fully confirmed by Vogel by exhaustive
comparative experiments with fresh milk with and
without oil of mustard, including the dctermina-
ton from time to time, of the amount of Tactic acid
present, from which it also appears that this effect
of oil of mustard is due to a retarding action upon
the formation of Tactic acid, its formation being
also almost entirely prevented during the first IL
days, and the amount present II days later being
only One-seventh Of that in milk not so treated Oil
% bitter almonds and oil Of cinnamon were found
a. have similar effect but far less in degree while
oil Of turpentnc, o OF cloves. benzne. carboc acid,
bsulphate Of carbon, and sulphurettcd hydrogen
almost without effect, ut least when used in
the proportion given for oil Of mustard. The add-
vcrted into abumen by the addition Of oil Of mus
tard, and the suggestion that cheap method for
the manufacture of albumen might be based upon
this fact not fully sustained by the experiments
of Yogel since the milk thus treated did not always
cOagulate On boiling.
METHOD OF RETARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF
SmK-WoRMs.--In view of the many diseases by
which the native silk-worms of France and Italy
have been afflicted during the past ten or fifteen
years IL has become necessary to import a fresh
stock from foreign ports, especially from China
japan, California, Chill, etc, but these eggs have
arrived in Europe at period when, if Matched out
the necessary food and attendance couh not be
secured. Quite recently method has been adopted
for rctarding the development by means of ice
chests specially constructed for the purpose and
this has been improved TO such extent that at
present it's within the power Of the silk cutnrists
10 Tetard almost indefinitely the Matching of fhe
NyOTs at least 90 the most convenient season of
the year. The eggs have been kept for many months
in this yay, and apparently without producing the
least rIry. In some cases central establishments
have been erected, at which many ~ 40, 900
of eggs have been kept at time. these en-
bTacing not only the imported eggs but those of
dDinrstic production. Natural ice is used wherever
il can be had otherwise machinery for its artificial
pfo'hlc0n in made part of the preserving estaI-
lShmants. II is CALCULATED that magazine of 100