davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
Cellar-Drainage.

If the ground is at all inclined, even in
the wettest seasons, to be wet or springy,
whatever other precautions are taken a
drain should be laid all round the cellar
inside of the wall, and at least foot lower
than its lowest bed-stone, and carried
away to free and sufficient outlet. This
drain may be made of gravel or broken
stones, but ordinary land-drainage tile
with open joints is usually cheaper and al
ways better, especially as preventing the
ingress of vermin. For the largest private
house the smallest-sized land-drain tile
will be sufficient. If the soil is unduly
wet at any season similar drains should
cross the cellar at intervals of not more
than fifteen feet. All of these drains should
have a slight but continuous fall toward
the outlet, and should be securely COW
cred by having earth well rammed over
them, the whole cellar bottom being then
coated with concrete. For small houses,
where cobble-stOnes or gravel are plenty,
if the foundation rests on layer of this
porous material foot or more deep, and
if good outlet be provided at the lowest
point, the tile is not needful.-Col. Geo. f..
Warning, in atlantic lfOnthly for October.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
The Golden Rule and the Rule Of Gold.

A few days ago a gentleman of this
city received by mail check for $780,
He deposited it in his bank, and went
down into the street, there to be met by a
rumor that sent him back in haste. Just
twenty-five minutes had elapsed. The
teller's little door was shut. The money
was gone. Had it been stolens Was the
banker a swindler? No, he had failed.
About the same time a merchant re-
ceived large quantity of goods one day
near the close of business hours. He
made some commonplace excuse for not
making immediate payment, and prom
ised To send clerk the next morning.
The first announcement of the morning
was that he had failed. He had his
goods, but the real owner was without his
check. Was the merchant thiefy
Ought he to have gone TO jail? Not at
all. He had merely suspended. He was
unable to meet his obligations.
Two young men were recently brought
into one of our police courts on a charge
of stealing shoes from a Third avenue
store. They were decent in appearance,
and it was believed by some thatthey had
been driven TO crime by want Had they
failed, or had they suspended! Or was it
because they were unable to meet their
obligations7 Not at all. They were
thieves-common thieves-very common
thieves. They were sent to the peniten-
tiary for two months.-N. Y. Tribune.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
That Baltimore Air.Ship.

Frederick F. Schroeder, who is con-
structing Siderable air-ship, as previous
ly announced in which he designs cross
ing the Atlantic, is making rapid progress
with the work The balloon part will
have a capacity for 135, 900 cubic feet OF
gas and a lifting power of $4,000 pounds,
inclusive of Its own weight. 1t will have
one pulling and one pushing propeller,
front and rear, making, according to the
current that the ship is in, 900 to 1,2OO
revolutions a minute. The higher the
current the greater the revolutions, and
rice rerSd.
The propellers work independently, so
that the aeronaut can turn tine boat around
upon its own pivot, and setting the ship
against the current of the air by Just CIV
ing the propeller so much of revolution
as TO overcome the power of the current,
which it is expected will cause the ship
to remain still in air over any given point.
Mr.. Schroeder stated yesterday that with
Photographic instruments he can take
views of any portion of the country or the
coast.
He believed that from a certain height
he can see the bottom of every river, lake
and ocean through his instruments, and be
able to take Photographic views OF them.
David Bachrach, photographer, OF this
CITY. will assist Schroeder in these scien-
tific observations and will travel with
him.
Mr.. Schroeder, continuing, said: "The
way [ intend to prepare my balloon 1t
will be perfectly air-tight, and will, there
fore, remain in the air any length OF time.
l can make the longest of trips assisted by
my motive power, and the gas apparatus
will add supply of gas to the balloon as
required Moving in the higher currents
toward the north, the upper atmosphere
becomes warmer and the lower atmos-
phere colder, so that there is nothing to
prevent me from crossing the north pole
in a higher atmosphere, where il IS quite
warm, to find out or solve scientific prob
lem for which millions have been ex-
pended.'
Mr.. Schroeder showed by the large
drawing of different sections of the bal
loon a mast, which would be placed in it
from the boat to the center, braced with
steel shafts, which will be attached to the
center of the balloon by wire cams. The
outside of the central portion of the bal
loon will also be secured by hempen
belt three inches thick and 24S feet in cir
conference.
By this arrangement, should the bal
loon collapse, the aeronaut would still be
protected from below, and by the aid OF
his steering apparatus slowly descend in
safety. In three weeks from yesterday
(Sept. 23) the contract for work upon the
several sections of the balloon expires,
and when completed the first exhibition
will be given upon the Hippodrome lot,
corner of Boundary and Madison avenues.
The first trip of the air-ship will be
from Baltimore to New York, and not to
Washington, as previously intended. The
balloon will be exhibited in New York
and other cities of the Union, and the
trip across the Atlantic will not be under
taken until the spring of 1876. Much in
tercst is manifested in Europe at the result
of the Observation-Disclosures Gazette.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
Cheap Fuel.

A PROCESS has been discovered in En-
gland whereby an excellent fuel is made
from coal-dust, small coal otherwise unfit
for use, and screenings from coal depots
and railway stations. The coal-dust is
mixed with certain proportions of pitch
and tar, which are melted together with
an addition of farinal potato starch and
plaster of Paris. The mass is heated I'M
til it assumes liquid form, when it is
poured into mOlds nine inches long and
four and half deep and wide. When
cold the coal is hard and will bear con-
siderable knocking about without break
ing. To this fuel the name of consolidated
coal has been given. 1t is said to possess
numerous advantages over other fuels,
yielding more and longer heat and re-
quiring less in quantity. One London
company, who have engaged in its manu-
facture, have met with encouraging pecun-
larry success and others are entering upon
the same business. Wherever the consol-
idated coal has been used, either in pri-
vate dwellings or manufacturing industries,
it has given perfect satisfaction. Its cheap
ness renders it very desirable for the
poorer classes, and so far as experience
has gone it is evident that practical dis
covery has been made, which will tend
greatly to cheaper fuel and prolong our
coal supply by utilizing the waste of its
PRODUCTIONS TOLedO Blade.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
Astronomical Facilities.

A writer in Good Words says: When
we consider the enormous distance which
the astronomer has to penetrate ere he
can bring himself within the range of OBJ
servation of the nearest even of the celes-
tial bodies, and when we think of the in
finite depths beyond, filled with untold
wonders, it is manifest that instruments of
far greater light-grasping and space-pene-
trating power than we now possess must
be employed. Everything has already
been done by small instruments that can be
done. They are, many of them, of exquis-
lite workmanship and admirable in their
details; but they are no more fit to give
therevelations and penetrate to the distance
required than drinking-cup is 10 meas
ure the Atlantic. What is now needed is
instruments of gigantic size and greater
perfection Of workmanship, which will
give us some specific and reliable inform
alton in regard to the solar system, and
which will open up the interstellar spaces
around it. 1t can hardly be regarded as
creditable to astronomical enterprise that
such planet as the moon, only some 24O,-
600 miles away from us and most admira-
bly, planned for observation, should be so
little known, or that an object the size of
st. Paul's Cathedral should be seen only
as a discernable point on her surface;
while of the conditions of life on such
planets as Mars and Venus we should be
profoundly ignorant itremaining debata-
BILE point whether vegetable or animal life
exists on their surface at all. The reason
simply is that the toys las they must soon
come 10 be regardedD hitherto employed in
their observations are altogether unable
to cope with the distances they are re-
moved from us. However fine their quail
ity they cannot bring those celestial bod
les so near us as to enable us to see them
distinctly, and our knowledge of them
will never be increased until we have in
struments which can. Telescopes are not
limited in size
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
Madness of George Ill.

The following is perhaps the most note
worthy instance on record ofthe beneficial
effects of an enlightened treatment of the
insane: The highest rank did not exempt
the unhappy victims of mental disease
from treatment at which humanity recoils.
Mr.. Massey, in his History of King
George Ill.," has drawn from the Har-
court Papers an affecting picture of the
atrocious treatment to which the King was
subjected in 1888, when DIR. Warren re-
garded him as q confirmed lunatic. The
Kings disorder manifested itself princi-
pally in unceasing talk Che talked once
for nineteen hours without intermission),
but no disposition to violence was ex-
hibited. Yet he was subjected constantly
to the severe restraint of the straitwaist-
coat; he was secluded fronfthe Queen and
his family, and denied the use of knife and
fork. He was abandoned to the care of low
mercenaries, one of whom-a German page
named Enthusiastically struck him. The
King, after his recovery, retained a lively
recollection of these outrages, No sooner
was DIR. Willis called in than all this
changed. That estimable person imme-
diateIy soothed his patient, released him
from coercive restraint, presented him
with razor to shave himself, and when
the King demanded knife and fork he
courteously assented, saying that he hoped
to be allowed the honor of dining with His
Majesty. The Queen and Princesses were
again brought into bis presence. These
measures were viewed with the greatest
jealousy and alarm by the court physicians,
but the consequence was that the King in
a few weeks entirely recovered. That was
one of the first and most striking instances
of victory gained by non-restraint over
madness. The effect of Parliamentary in
quiry in 1915 was exceedingly great 1t
struck the first great blow at the bad ex-
perience which is the bane of lunatic es-
ablishments.-Dr. Wynter.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
Connoisseurs Of Character.

Nowhere perhaps does popular belief
exhibit its hastiness and inadequacy more
conspicuously than in the readiness OF
most persons to pronounce an opinion re-
speeding the characters and motives OF
others. The confidence with which many
a man and woman will talk about the de-
sires and habits of q comp arativeiy new
acquaintance must strike a reflective mind
as signal illustration of the eagerness OF
mankind to seem wise. There are many
whose modesty and good sense would pre-
vent their giving an opinion on any point
of scientific knowledge or aesthetic appre-
citation, who nevertheless feel no hesita-
ton in passing judgment respecting mat
tiers of conduct of which their knowledge
is infinitesimal. Numbers of people who
do not in the least seem to be ashamed OF
Ignorance respecting most matters of dis
cussion are quite sensitive as to their rep
utation for knowledge with respect to the
intricacies of human character. When,
for example, there is an addition to the
society OF a small town through the ar
rival of a new family. there is the great
est impotence to have a definite and
fixed opinion respecting the idiosyncra-
sizes of the new corners. There will
certainly be more than one knowing per-
son whose supposed quictness of percep-
ton will at once enabi hem, satisfac-
toriiy to themselves, to de Me and charac-
teriZe the man or woman about whom
curiosity is naturally aroused. 1t is CO.
rious, too, to notice the readiness of 9TH
ers to accord to these. persons the special
faculty for intuition which they claim for
themselves 1t has sflen been remarked
that the first condition of winning the con-
hdence ot-others is to display fair
anae4m of self-confidence, and this truth
is fully illustrated in the case of the peo-
pie whom we are now considering. When
a lady gives out among her acquaintance
that she is an expert in matters of char
acter and disposition, she speedily gains
an enviable reputation for this kind OF
prescience. If there is any new character
to be deciphered about which there hangs
a certain mystery she is the authority to
whom all repair in order to acquire def
mite Information. If scandal is just germ
mating, and everybody is on tiptoe respect
ing its real nature and results, it is this
connoisseur who is resorted to for final
solution of the problem. In this way
people are sustained in the pleasing belief
that they possess some easy avenue to the
minds and hearts of their fellows, thanks
to which they are enabled to dispense
with the tardy methods of observation,
comparison and analysis, and to read
new character as confidently as an un-
folded letter.-LondOn Saturday Recfeao
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16

A STRONG article in favor of the wet
sheet in scarlatina appears in the London
Lancet from the pen of DIR. John Taylor,
of Liverpool. His plan, which appears to
be at least thorough one, is to immerse a
nightgown, slit up at the front, in half a
pint to pint of hot water, pure or medi-
Gated with dram or two drains of tincture
capsicum, or in the infusion of three or
four pods, or in mustard water, the clear,
supernatant fluid from tablespoonful OF
mustard to pint of water; extending the
gown over the feet by means of towel
immersed in the same fluid-both to be
well wrung out and suddenly applied, and
the patient quickly packed in two blankets
previously placed on the adjoining sofa or
bed, another blanket or two pillows cover
ing all. DIR. Taylor speaks enthusiastlcal-
ly of the amazing relief procurable from
the wet sheet, in its simple form, in py-
rexial and glandular disorders, and, from
the medicated form, in Zymotic and spas
mOdic affections; as potential also in diph-
iberia, Stimulating Group, and, in strong
doses, in inf1ammatory Group.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16

LIKE the thief at night, it steals in upon
us unawares. The patients have pains
about the chest and sides, and sometimes in
the back. They feel dull and sleepy; the
mouth has bad taste, especially in the
morning A sort of sticky slime collects
about the teeth. The appetite is poor.
There is feeling like a heavy load on the
stomach, sometimes faint, all-gone sensa-
ton at the pit of the stomach, which food
does not satisfy. The eyes are sunken, the
hands and feet become cold and feel clam
my. After awhile cough sets in, at first
dry, but after few months it is attended
with greenish- colored expectoration. The
patient feels tired all the while, and sleep
does not appear to afford any rest After
gloomy, and has evil forebodings. There is
a giddiness, a sort of whirling sensation in
the head when rising up suddenly. The
bowels become eostiye, the skin is dry and
stagnant, the whites of the eyes become
tinged with yellow, the urine is scanty and
high colored, depositing q sediment after
standing. There is frequently a splitting up
of the food, sometimes with a sour taste
and sometimes a swedish taste. This is
frequently attended with palpitation of the
heart. The vision becomes impaired with
spots before the eyes. There is a feeling of
these symptoms do not make their appear
ance at one time, but during the various
stages they are in turn present. 1t is
thought that nearly one-third Of our popu-
lation has this disease in some of its varied
forms. 1t has been found that medical men
have mistaken the nature of this disease.
Some have treated it for liver complaint,
some for dyspepsia, others for kidney dis
ease, etc, etc, but none of these various
kinds of treatment have been attended with
success. 1t is found, however, that the
SHAKER EXTRACT OF Roofs (not patent
medicinc), when prepared properly, will re-
move the disease in all its stages. Care
should be taken to procure a good article
Sold by A. J: WHITE, General Agent, s19
Pearl street, N. Y. Agents wanted.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
Romantic Story Of an EarPs Daughter.

A New York correspondent of the Chi
cagO Tunes tells a romantic story of
young lady now residing in the former
city, who may be seen daily passing
through the streets or riding in the street
cars from her home to the suburbs with
roll of manuscript in her hand, on her way
to the offices of the magazines or the
weekly papers, trying to dispose of the
productions upon which she is dependent
for her daily bread. She is the daughter
q the Earl of Gainsborough, whose Lon
don residence is on Cavendish Square, is
the owner of the superb estates and pal
aces of Exton Park, Oakham and Cottes-
more, in Rutlandshire, besides Campden
House, in Worcestershire; but his brill
liant daughter, Lady Blanche, whose bap-
tismal name, as will be seen by reference
to any recent edition of "Burke's Peer
age" was Blanche Elizabeth Mary Anun-
ciata, is lost to his sight If not to his
memory. Her mother, the deceased wife
Of the Earl of Gainsborough, was Lady
Augusta, the eldest daughter of the Earl
of Enroll. Her two brothers are Viscount
Campden and Lord Edward, and her two
younger sisters are Lady Georgiana and
Lady Frances. Wilhelm her twenty-first
year she fell in love with young organ
list named Murphy, and, contrary to the
wish OF her family, she married him. The
naesdltiance of the daughter of so great
house was a surprise and horror to the
Earl, who in his wrath disowned her, for
babe her returning to the ancestral >halls,
and cut her off from all the heritage of the
family. Mr.. and Mrs. Murphy soon ex-
perienced the trials of perjury and adver-
sity in London, and four years ago, or
within the first year after their marriage,
they arrived in New York, where they
again felt the pressure of straitened cir
cumstances. But Lady Blanche was per-
severing, and some of her sparkling man.
uscripts soon found acceptance and
brought her little income. Among other
things she contributed to the Gaiary a
series of brilliant essays on English high
life and the English aristocracy which at
tracted much notice.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
A Friend in Need.

1t is generally known that thorough
bred and other we'll bred horses have their
attachments for stable companions-cats,
goats, dogs, and at times even for domes-
ticated fowls, geese, ducks, etc. To these
they exhibit great partially, and often a
marked affection. The following incident
one among many we could recite-is an
illustration in point: A gentleman living
in Norway, Me-, owned thoroughbred
horse, which. he used for the saddle. He
also owned an English coach dog-a hand
some, faithful animal-between whom and
the horse there existed friendship strong
and hearty. TIE dogs bed at night was
under the horses manager, and they were
seldom apart. In fact, the dog, at length,
would not leave the horse except he was
called away to accompany his master, and
on such occasions the horse would very
freely and touchingly manifest his rest
lessness and unhappiness. One day the
horse was feeding upon grass plot back
of the house, being tethered by sweep of
rope attached to the halter so as to allow
him good scope without permitting him to
encroach upon the adjacent corn-patch.
The coach dog was with him as usual.
At the same time a friend CHANGED to call
on business, accompanied by large and
powerful bull-mastiff. The mastiff-an
ugly, quarrelsome brute-made his way
around into the garden and attacked the
coach dog, very soon getting his savage
jaws set upon the others throat, with
prospect of seriously injuring if not kill
ing him. The horse saw and quickly COM
pretended the situation. With one wild
bound he broke his tether and rushed to
the scene of the conflict, where he set his
teeth upon the neck of the strange dog
with force and power that brought forth
howlings loud and agonizing. But the
horse was not satisfied with making the
mastiff let go his hold. He lifted the bel
ligerent cur bodily into the air and bore
him to the gate, where heshook him until
a piece of his hide gave way. When re-
leased the manglcd brute retreated with
yelps and howls of pain.-I'usf, Field and
Farm
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16
A Wonderful Piece of Work by an Old
Lady.

Among the many works of art and skill
on exhibition at the Washington County
Fair, last week, was one which is worthy
of more than passing notice. 1t con
sisted of a magnificent piece of worsted
work, representing the death of George
Douglas on the battlefield, after aiding
Mary Queen of Scots to escape from Loeb
levin Castle. Its dimensions were six by
four feet, and it was the handiwork of
Mrs. Reach, an old lady of Sandy Hill,
aged seventy, whose husband was killed
in the war of 1872. She was eighteen
months, working ten hours per day, in
performing the labor upon the above
scene. 1t contains twenty figures of men,
women and horses, and 1851 600 stitches.
The whole is mounted in a beautiful frame
which cost $40, and, at a short distance,
can hardly be distinguished from an oil
painting. The value of the picture, con-
sidering the amount of material used and
labor employed upon it, is estimated at
over 5 800, and Mrs. Reach expects to
realize that amount for it.-I'roy IN. "
Press
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1875-10-16

to dress with simplicity, and choose plain
articles of furniture that are not too good
for daily use and comfort-if they know
enough to live on plain, substantial food,
with home raised fruit served plainly but
plentifully, instead of cake and pie; if
among the necessaries of life they reckon
good books and papers, they need not be
so badly overworked as they often seem,
nor lead such lean, poor lives Intellectual
ly As for the social isolation, this is
sometimes to be deplored, but it makes all
the differcnceiin the world whether it is a
loving, happy, improving kind of family
set by itself upon the farm, or a selfish,
growing, ignorant set of people. The
quiet of the farm is one of its chief at
fractions for me. There are few farms so
isolated that our friends cannot find us
there, and they who show themselves
friendly will have friends.-Fdith ROches-
ter an -1nlerican Agricultu1ist.