National Republican., 1875-07-30
RACES SF THE PACIFIC.
(CoHtf Aud from Firsf Pa0s.l


What is called the Dolores country-slso rich
mineral region; snd west, IN Arizona, sre the de-
Posts Of saInsta agatss tuSies ana n other 8 = pre-.
Santa San Fe, Justly % and Widely cslsbratsd d for the
Of MeIicsn jeTelry. AT At m the time Col. BcnipSsn
visited ne NavslS M d county, On n 9a1ns gfE 70 'Gn
dams cu.tivsttng the soil, making
THK1s WONDERFUL BLANKETS.
and terror to the New Mexican people. He
penetrated their country and gathered them at
Bear Springs, New Mexico, (noH Fort WingateO
troops LEFT the Indians again began their raids,
and know OF one person who; In Q few months,
sseSsd Of rg snoSs1 ~ snsa
sent amer the Navajos under command Of MAJOR
Walker, which penetrated the Navajo country as
For twenty miles the walls are hundreds OF feet
above the bed Of the river. In the inches Of rock
there are abandoned villages, which show that in
former years thousands Of Indians Of higher
race than those now in that country lived in the
deserted town. The valley beyond this canon,
Navsjo agency, at Fort Defisnce, is . most 70
mantle valley, and is now asked for by these In-
dans in exchange for the northern portion Of their
change vnl - = =
OPEN RICH MINERAL REGION
for development on the San Juan and the Dolores,
change therefor rich agricultural region, which
some years ago they cultivated, and when Kit
Carson conquered these Indians ne did II by de-
stroying their growing crops, which it required
two companies Of soldiers several weeks TO de-
stroy.
THIRD CAMPAIGN
was opened in the spring Of ls4s under command
OF Col. Newly, with greatly increased force
This expedition failed, like the two preceding,
and ended with another treaty Of psacsto which
the Navajoes paid no attention, but pursued
In the spring of 1S49 Col. Washington sent
another expedition, which also penetrated to
Canon de Chelley without accomplishing any.
thing In the winter of 1851 and 1852, Coz. Z. Y.
Sumner and Gov. Calhoun made another treaty
only to be broken. In 1858, the trst agent Capt.
II. L. Dodge, was appointed agent for the
Navsjoes, and was Afterwards killed by the In
Sians. There, There are % three agents s; VINO were KILLED
tiop, viz: CIpt. Dodge, Col. Dodd, and Agent
Miller. In 1854
CoLc,!ED COOK scALDED ANINDIAN,
who was killed by the indians, which caused
war thai eost the Government millions Of dol.
lars and many valuable lives. In 1855 Gov.
Merriweather made treaty with the Navajoes
which was not ratified by the Senate. In 1885
been committed by the Nsvajoes than for many
years previous, and the military operated sgaisst
them with but little success. During the winter
of 1859 and 1850 the Navsloes surrounded Fort
Defiance and kept the garrison prisoners within
Its walls for more than Q month. Supplies being
the aiege By sOrtie and effected retreat. In
Carlton to proceed against the Navajoes. He
subsistence, and thus compsiisa them to % Beg for for
something to eat: and after all former failures
Carson showed that bread was Of more power
thEn bullets. Gen. Carlton removed them from
the mountains on the Pecos river, where they 70.
NAMED until 1858, when Gen. Sherman and Col.
Ssae sS ssS S thu, ss aS
sent back to their mountain home. At the time the
Navajo war began 1t is supposed that these In
dians had o
MILLION HEAD OF SHEET AND GOATS.
na halr 49, ttnl-n IA ha,.. ~.
eight thousand head, and now Il Is estlmated that
they have about one hundred and fifty thousand
head. These Indians work IN metals; the Navajo
women make woolen blankets, and silk neckties,
The loom Is OF the rudsst possible cOnstructicn,
nSRs Ss fse fss S 1n s .
worked In with the fingers, and beat solid with
stick about half On inch In thickness, care being
taken to strike between the threads Of the warp
slow and tedious process, and requiring about
month to make blanket, which, when finished,
Is 50 tight ts that Y Will hold water They are
$3.50. One blanket now at the Smithsonian insti.
tuition,
INTENDED FOR THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION,
is q magnificent white, red and blue, and has in
Another represents the flag Of our country, with
the Stars and Stripes. 1t Is not necessary for me
TO dilate upon this subject, for when the present
recognized BY It, and another method OF dealing
with the Indian question to great extent was
nS ali se sS Sa. she Of
indian affairs before It, In assuming the policy It
has done, intended to inaugurate q system Of
treating the Indians which seemed best oalcu-
lated 10 promote the interests OF these savage
people, as well as to protect the rights Of the oiti
zens Of the country. THIS policy Is undoubtedly
THE PEACE POLICY.
REPUBLICAN,. What is the strength Of the
tribe?
Gov. ARMY. At theIast annuity, issued In May,
there was present at the agency, Fort Defiance,
nine thousand seven hundred and forty.six In
dians and about two thousand who do not live on
the reservation. making in all over eleven thou
rand Indians. The policy Of the Governments Of
Spain, Mexico and the United States In regard to
cost millions OF dollars in military arrangements
and other war expenses; millions more in the loss
Of property by the depredations of these Indians,
and thousands OF lives and till lately protection
has not been secured to the settler and miner, so
that this vast and rich country can have its great
and made self-sustaining from their own labor,
and is In accordance with the noble words OF
Gen: Grant, when he was informed ofths nom
lnation to the Presidency They were, "Lst Us
have peace" Not peace alone among ourselves
as citizens of the United States but peace every
well as the white and black man. Taking up the
matter as to Indians in this light as understand
the Indian policy OF the Administration, It Is
to Christianity .: the spirit Of the age in which
We live. To perform Its engagements with the
Indians as far as possible, in strict compliance
been made, to be Just towards the Indians In all
respects, to treat them with kindness, and
FEED THEM RATHER THAN FIGHT THEM,
and place them in position on reservations
where they can have schools, and be taught In
looms, spinning wheels, wool cards and other
machinery, and am beginning to have the Nav
manufacture their own clothing with more ce-
lerity than in their ancient way,) and thus make
them selEsustaining, and see in the end whether
future good Of both the country and the Indians.
THE LAW OF LAST CONGRESS
and the instructions Of the Commissioner of In
dian Affairs predicated thereon to the effect that
annuity goods and subsistence must only be given
to Indians as an equivalent for their labor, and
that no issues must be made except to "heads Of
families for their families, and not heretofore,
to ths EGss or hSaS OF tSs snS move IN 9s
bands were receiving lions share under the old
policy they could be induced to do almost any
regulation, they will only receive ratiOns each
for the members Of their own family, and each
head Of family will be on q equal footing with
them. This will prevent frauds on the part Of
an an equal opportunity to labor and obtain the
S
colaborer, Kit Carson, has convinced me Of the
advantage Of
A FIRM YET JUST GOVERNMENT
OF the Indians, which should be consistent, and,
Judging only BY the effect of that which appeals
to his senses, as brought directly before his OBJ
seryation, regards with contempt weak and In.
decisive policy, as the result of hesitation and
cowsrdice, while capricious one his apprehen.
sion and distrust. Hence, If 1t were decided to
put the Indians under the control OF the War
Department, and compel them to submission by
military power, the force should be adequate to
such an end, and would require an. army and in
volve an expense Of millions Of dollars to conquer
the Indians. / urge as the correct plan to feed
them largely and generously in compensation for
far better than to have them raiding upon set
tiers, destroying property, running of stock,
robbing mails, scalpng our miners and prevent
ing the development of the resources Of the
country. We must furnish the facilities to feed
and clothe them before we can properly civiliEe
Indians must be put on reservations, under con-
troll Of agents who are sustained and encouraged
by all good men, and who have the ability and
experience to direct the labor and instruction of