davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

ga If you want Boots, Shoes, Gait
ers, &c, for gentlemen, ladies, misses
and children, go to Isaac w. ChapIine s
Store, at Moulder's Corner, Shepherds
town. He has the best assortment in
the County. Also Notions Of every
description. He also has Trunks, Hats,
Tobacco, &c. &c. Call and see his
suleudid Stock.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

re- In Gents Underwear YOU will
find a complete stock, very cheap, at
Rickard & Welshans.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

Ey- A full line of Ladies Merino
Vests and Drawers, very cheap, at
Rickard 81 Welshans'.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26
NEWSP PAPERS !

THE Baltimore Daily and Weekly sun
l the Baltimore Daily and Weekly Ga
zc;tc. the Baltimore Daily and Weekly
American, and any other Baltimore, New
York or Philadelphia papers, at BARN
H.NRT'S, ut Publishers prices. Subscribe
with him and encourage Il home institu-
ton. Fcb6-tf
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

DARIS Green viii Kill the Potato Bugs
i at III. VI. BILLINGS,
Drug Store.
JuneI2 II
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

~ For Bugle, Fringe, Crimps,
Buttons and Ornaments, 60 to flckard
& WelshanS'.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

There are number of Indian
mounds in Preston county. The lar
gest one is near Pringles run, about
five miles south of Kingwood From
this moundmany human bones have been
taken, some of which indicated that they
were bones of men of very large size.
"Indian darts, as they are called, made
of flint, are found in great abundance in
every part Of the country, and particu-
larry in the neighborhood Of the large
mound, Cheat river is the largest stream
ia the county. 1t took its name from
the deceptive character of its name.
Many of the early travellers and settlers
were drowned, or had horses drowned
in crossing it and therefore named it
Cheat.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26
FOR SALE.

A LOT OF PURE EARLY ROSE 70
IL TAToES, for secd, from New York
State, by Us. MELVIN.
Duffields, March q n
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1875-06-26

Ia" If you want cheap Dry Goods,
Carpets, Oilcloths, Blankets, &c, call
at Rickard IL WelShans.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
For tho VERMONT FAR HER.
Euchre.

In a late issue of the FARMER, notice an
article from 30. Cumber," treating the sub
ject of card playing in very credita BILE
manner.
The question, "Shall we who are Patrons
spend the hours Of each society meeting at
the card table, or shall we follow the teach
ings of our order 2" was new idea to me
aud | shall not wonder if it was new to many
other readers. The idea that a band of
farmers, who are called the honest workers
Of our noble land, should lower themselves
enough to spend their time thus instead Of
trying to improve the mind aud gaining
many new ideas from their brother and sis.
ter, Patrons, to help them to improve their
farms aud make home more attractive, must
surely be step backward instead of for.
ward in the art of farming and the culture
of the brain. Better follow the good advice
Of Mr. Geo. Z. Bryant before the Blooming
Grove (Wis.) grange; Lift up, elevate
yourselves, your brothers and sisters instead
Of pulling them to lower level. Harbor no
malice or spite one toward another, but in
unity aud peace with kindness and love, live
as good men and women should. If you
live up to the obligation you have taken, you
will have accomplished much towards max
ing society better and purer."
Would it not be glorious uprising if
every lady, both old and young, in our beau
tiful state would rise and with one accord
declare that hencefOrth they would not play
euchre; and would do all in their power to
Danish the game from the list of social pleas
ures. How many young men would soon be
ashamed to be found with the cards in their
possession 1t is surely a waste Of time
which we Vermonters cannot afford.
There are many young men who have
formed the habit of card playing at home
and with select friends, who have not integ-
rity and principle enough to say mo" when
asked to play for treat, in some less sacred
place than around the freside of their own
homes
Once started in the downward road their
descent is often as rapid as the descent of
the coasters sled as it gides on and on, over
the "beautiiul snow"
If sister, mother or lady friend remon-
strates with them and pleads with them, to
give up cards, drinks, aud bad associates,
ten chances to one they will tell them, "Mary
D. and Hattie so-and.sO play euchre with
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
For the VERMONT FARMER.
Supply and Demand.

A few weeks ago the terms utility and
value were efned. A further application
of these terms might be given. Air is one
OF the most useful things in the world, but it
is valuelesS Water is likewise, but in some
places it requires labor to be of utility and
then it becomes of value. Ia fact, such
things as exist in nature and are free to all
are valueless. But when, besides being use
ful, they are not attainabIe by each person
except by exertion, for which exertion they
are willing to pay, then such articles become
of value. But they must be transferable.
A landscape is an object of utility, because
satisfying a desire, but is seldom an object of
value because few men are able to obtain it
by purchase-probably no man has such
power.
The condition of tribe of savages is a
case in point. Whenever they adopt agri-
culture as means of subsistence, the land
which they occupy may acquire value. If
there are many other tribes in the vicinity
similarly situated, their land has value in
respect to the neighbOring tribes. If, in
stead Of cultivatiDg their tribal ground in
common, the individuals Of the tribe have it
allotted to them man by man, the land thus
held becomes in the fullest sense of the word
valuable, although it may not be 50 useful
as when the entire tribe cultivated it in COM
mon.
Such, 10 measure, has been the history
Of the metals, Gold was one of the first to
attract the attention Of man. Its purity,
ease Of extraction, apparent indestructibility
and beauty all gave il the character of util-
satisfying mans desires. Ornaments
Of this shining, unchauging metal we're great
ly desired by barbaric people, this desire, as
above stated, meeting such qualities gave
gold the character of utility. Adding to
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
WHOLE NO. 217.


me, and are they not the richest and pret-
tiest girls in the village l guess if il does
not ruin them it will not me aud as for the
drinking part Of the story, the other boys
do, and do not wish 10 be ridiculed be-
cause will not take a glass with them.
Do not have any fears for me can con-
troll my appetite and drink or not, just as |
choose"
Now tell me, lady readers, do you not
think the cards would lose some of their
fascination IL the ladies did not favor their
use? 1t is said, and truly too, that "wom-
an has a mighty power;" then let it be used
Alright, and all labor together to bauish the
prevailing SINS Of our nation from its borders.
Then would women exert mightier power
than if they could control the baIlot-box.
And msthinks we should be better fitted to
govern the elections of country and state for
the noble effort.
Let the noble bands Of Patrons scattered
in pleasant homes nestled beneath the green
hills Of Vermont and all through the land,
rise in one united effort to suppress other
wrongs than mercantile and railroad monop-
oles, and different state of things would ex-
ist in many Of their own homes if nowhere
else. LILY GRANGER.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
Spurious Honey.

The New York Tribune says: The Amer
lean bcekeepers, as previously reported, have
passed pOrtentious resolution against seer
tain honey dealers in New York and Chica-
60" who are bitterly humbuggng the pub
lie by the adulteration of this sweet. The
process is to mix small quantity of honey
with large quantity of sugar syrup or gu-
cose. In this way 1000 pounds of honey
is extended to from 5000 to 5000 pounds.
The beekeepers justly complain of this as
"tending to ruin the honey producing inter-
est of this country" 1t reduces prices, over
stocks the market, and ultimately lessons con-
sumption. 1t certainly does, Immediately
as we'll as ultimately, lessen the consumption
of honey-there can be no two minds about
that.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
For the VERMONT FARMER.
Woman's Place.

Noticing an article in No. 5, Jan. l,
"WomanIs Place." would like to offer n
few thoughts that present themselves rela-
tive to this great question upon which so much
is said and written. L am of that class who
are willing to accord to my noble sister ev-
cry right and opportunity that enjoy and
hold dear. Our noble order, the grange, is
surely opening up the way that is certain to
accord those rights despite the old fabulous
theory that man was created first, woman af-
terward, consequently giving him right to
rule over her, debating to her Just what po-
sition she should occupy. What proof posi-
tive have we that woman was not the first to
receive Gods attention and afterward man?
Man wrote the history, for such we term it,
Of creation, and pictured to himself such
course as seemed most likely his God would
take to usher into existence the living forms
Of beauty that adorn our planet, and the
myriad systems Of worlds that people space
doubtless inhabited with an order Of beings
like, or perhaps superior to our own. TAX
ing this view, he has arrogated to himself
many foolish ideas, such as that he first re-
ceived Gods attention, and that woman as
St. Paul says, should keep silence in churches,
and similar language elsewhere used in holy
writ, all tending to keep woman from rising
to position she was designed by her Great
or to occupy. Let us down with their myth
illogical ideas founded in ignorance and SUI
perstltion, and assist our sister, long, long
groveling in bondage, to rise to her true
position, which experience is fast demonstrat-
ing she is capable, when educated, of occupy
ing. All men cannot become pres idents,
statesmen, or governors. All women are not
doomed. life long, to wear out their existence
bearing children, and scrubbiugin the kite h.
en-. If qualified to fill the presidential chair,
let US elevate her to that position. 1 am
satisfied many women would fill it with more
dignity and justice than it is now filled with.
If woman's pure, holy influence is benefi cial
in our religious gatherings l see no reason
why it may not prove just as beneficial in
our political gatherings and legislative halls.
1t seems to me all the arguments brought to
bear against woman are founded in ignorance
and prejudice which are slowly, yet surely
being outgrown. Let US accord to our edu-
Gated and refined sisters, by nature superior
y endowed with moral and spiritual percep-
tions, what we have accorded to the as yet,
uueducated black man. We can but expect
out Of SO great a change some evils will
arise, but do not they now exist ? more
than suspect the beneficial effects resulting
therefrom will far outweigh the evil and will
find us long days journey in advance of
where we are now encamped.
DANIEL d. WAIT.
Londonderry, VI.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
Fertilizers from Fowls.

II would seem as though enough had al.
ready been said about the importance Of saw
ing all fertlizing material about the farm,
aud especially that from the poultry, which
experience has abundantly shown TO be
worth as much as the artificial fertilizers
that cost us three cents pound and upward
Very few farmers would allow their wheat
corn, or oats, to be scattered aud wasted as
their hen-manure is, yet the latter is worth
as much as the former. pound for pound.
Poultry should always have a tight, we'll
lighted, and warm apartment for their wip-
ter quarters, and the roosts should be so ar
ranged that the droppings can be saved, free
from dirt aud rubbish. The best way is to
have large tray under the roosts, made of
boards. This should be cleaned out fire.
quently, and sprinkled with plaster or dry
earth. The manure should be kept In boxes
or barrels, perfectly dry, and will then lose
none Of its valuable properties. Neither
lime nor ashes should ever be mixed with it
while composing lt,.which is best done by
adding about double the quantity Of dry
earth to the manure, mixing it well with
the shovel, moistening it moderately, and
shoveling it over every three or four days
until ready to use it. 1t should be mOisten.
ed sufG ciently to allow Of its being broken
up and well mixed with the earth but
when so moistened it is apt to heat, aud the
shoveling-over is necessary to prevent this,
and the consequent loss Of valuable proper r-
ties. A handful of this campost in hill of
corn will give it powerful start. A barrel
of hen.manure SO composted, will often doub-
lie the yield of an acre of wheat. Watch.
man.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
Reported for the VERMONT FARMER.
New Hampshire Board of Agriculture.

The board held meeting at Piermont,
Jan. 10. DR.. Kingsbury presided. He
said agriculture is noble other cAllBgs can
not be separated from it.
Deacon Buffum thought farming could be
made to pay better in New Hampshire than
at the West. We should keep our sons at
home, and not make haste to be rich. Farm
ors generally are comfortably situated, but
they grumble too much. He had been
schoomaster, manufacturer, and farmer, and
liked farming the best. The young men of
the country make wrecks Of themselves by
going to the cities.
Mr.. Sanborn, Of Gilmanton, gave a talk
on his observations on grass. He began on
a farm which was, like most farms in New
Hampshire bound out. The way to make
farming pay is by raising large crops on
small areas. We must have manure, and
the question is, shall we buy fertilizers or
raise stock2 Most Of the artificial fertili.
zers are adulterated. He discarded bad
crops seeded plowed land after an oat crop.
Found 100 pounds of hay better and cheap
er than SO pounds of corn. We should use
more care in preparing land. BY fuely pull
verizing land we get good start Of grass,
and stronger crop. The best theoretical
time to SOW grass seed is in the last of Aug
ust or first part OF September Don't seed
in October, but about the time the ground
freezes or early in the spring. On fertile
ground we can seed in May and get a cut
of grass in September. There are some
5000 varieties Of grass, 40 or 80 Of which
are of value in agriculture. Timothy or
herds grass il not the best adapted to all
kinds Of land. 1t soon runs out is not
good for pasture. Should SOW four or five
varieties, including timothy, red top and red
clover, and SOW it separate from other crops.
Turn sward over and not turn it back, leav-
ing the under soil on the top. Harrow in
manure no great loss but rather gain in
manure in SO doing. The odOr Of manure is
largely sulphate Of hydrogen. Green ma
nure has no free ammonia. Manure under
cover has more ammonia after six months.
Ammonia is only extracted by teaching and
when spread on the surface it teaches into
the ground. Top-dressing is better for grass
land than breaking after few years. On
old sward, when rocky, he would advise har-
rowing in manure and seed without ploWing.
Would not cut later than when in blossom,
nor earlier than that unless two cuts can be
had. We oyerdry our hay. Late cutting
and Overdrying leave only wood. Clover is
not a grass proper, but Of the class with
peas and vetChes. 1t is the most profitable
in New Hampshire. The roots extend deep
aud bring up the salts, while the leaves
spread wide and absorb more from the air,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29

ticed up to the present day wherever req.
uisite in sitting out permanent orchards.
And not only orchards but ornamental trees.
| remember 25 years ago tFarrant is getting
to be an old gardener) being asked in England
why some trees were turning yellow. The
trees were planted four years before l
saw them. They were planted on clay
subsoil (Nottinghamshire). l opened the
ground at the roots, and they we're standing
in basin of water. suspect that that and
too deep planting kills more than half the
trees in this country. l will furnish plants
and plant them and guarantee their success,
when this rule is carried out. OF course
know it is costly way Of planting, but the
old rule holds good here. Anything worth
doing is worth we'll doing, and by far the
cheapest in the end, My trees are planted
3 by . feet, 4 to 6 feet high and have each
6 to 10 shoots of last years growth"
Neteport, Jan. 26. F.H.C.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29

had made larger amount Of butter per
COW than had Mr.. Whipple, but had not put
it up IN such fancy packages, and had not
received so large price, although the quality
was quite equal. Both Mr.. Whippe and
Mr.. Wood fed their cows a small amount Of
meal every day in the year, the former two
quarts per day, Mr.. Wood one. Mr.. Fas-
set thought the cows from either Of these
dairies would produce greater results with
the same careful management in Franklin
county. In answer to a question, Mr.. Fas.
set had no doubt but the white specks in
butter we're dried cream he had separated
them, strained them through fine bag,
breaking them up into smaller fragments,
and churned an inferior quality Of butter
from them.
Mr.. Eels thought the white specks were
caseine, from the bottom Of the cream pots or
pals, and not dried cream.
Mr.. Douglas had no doubt but the white
specks were dried cream. Prof Collier had
anal lyzed them, and found them such.
MIR. Eels gave an account of the yield Of
butter from his cows for three years. In
1871 or the first year the product was less
than two hundred pounds per COW, 10 1873
it was 2l9 pounds per COW, and in 1874 or
last season about $50 pounds per COW. This
increase from year to year resulting from
brain work was very satisfactory. The cost
of keeping was about $50 per COW the last
season which left profit Of little over $50
per COW in 1874.
There was much discussion among the
dairymen present as to the best manner to
cool milk and keep it at an even temper
ature.
Mr.. Fasset cooled his milk (not too sud-
den) to about G2 and kept it in a room as
nearly as possible at the temperature 65 .
without water around it.
Mr. Douglas set his in water in wooden
watts, iu deep paus and controlled the tenn
perature of the water with ice.
A. j. Benedict, OF Cornwall, set in much
the same way, he thought 63 about the
right temperature all had found it best not
to cool the milk too rapidly.
Mr.. Fasset thought it important that the
temperature should be kept as uniform as
possible from the time the milk was set un-
til the butter was packed he also stated that
water around the pans was not considered
as essential, or was not so generally used in
Franklin county at present, as formerly.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29
&aoies' department.

Several communications are deferred for
want Of space. We intend, after this week,
to put this department on the fourth page,
where there will be more room. The ladies
are showing a commendable interest in their
column and We trust that interest and the use
fulness of the "Ladies' Department" of the
FARMER will continue to increase. Ladies,
write US practical as we'll as theoretical rti.
cles; write about cooking, housekeeping,
dress reform &C., and boil your thoughts down
so as to express the greatest amount of ideas
in the least words avoid anything that shal |
tend to mere personal controversy, and our
Ladies Department" will be an honor to
the state and to the talent of woman. The
world will be the better for your b aving
lived
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29

this quality of utility, that of difficulty Of
attainment aud trausferableness and il was
valuable-.had power in exchange.
With such a character how is the precise
value to be determined Watching the
markets and learning how it exchanges with
mems services or the materials in which men
have embodied their services Yes, but is
there any law underlying all this and gov
erning it all? Yes, the law Of supply and
demand. The supply is the amount offered
in market at q certain rate, and the demand
is the amount demanded at certain rate
If the amount supplied and the amount de-
manded are equal aud the rates are equal,
the question is at once solved, but this is sell
dom the case. Take an example in which
the supply is limited and see the history Of
its disposal. Here the seller exacts all that
he can get. Suppose he has for sale the or
igina Of the famous Dresden Madonna.
There is but one and he demands hundred
thousand dollars for it. That is the supply
and that the rate. Nobody comes forward
to buy. He thinks his price is too high and
lowers it to seventy.fve thousand. Two in.
dividuals step forward to buy. There is a
demand for two such pictures at that rate /;
or in other words the demand is greater than
the supply. The method in which the sup
ply and demand will be equaliz ed is perfect
ly obvious. The rate will be raised until
one of the two cease to demand, and then
the supply will be equal to the demand and
at the same rate. If there had been three
such pictures to be sold, the rate might per.
haps have been lowered to 6ity thousand be.
fore three persons would have been found to
constitute the demand. Extend this princi-
pie to other objects in which the working
may not be so obvious, and we see how sup
ply and demand govern market values.
To state the principles illustrated in gener-
al terms the amount Of service or commod-
ity offered in open market at certain rate
is the supply that demanded at a certain
rate is the demand. If the demand is great
er at the same rate, the rate of the supply
will be increased until the demand is dimin.
ished so as to equal the supply. The uIti-
mate effect will be to bring more Of the sup
ply into open market. On the other hand,
if the demand is less than the supply, the
rate will be lowered until the demand is in-
creased to an equality with the supply The
ultimate effect will be that the supply will
be less produced, and hence diminished until
the former rates were obtained.
This statement of the law of supply and
demand presupposes freedom in production
and competition in trade. In such case there
is certain value, called by Mill the "sost
value" which must be obtained by the SELL
er else he will not produce and sell. 1t will
be found that the average of market values
will nearly coincide with this "cost value"
ID.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-01-29

We solicit brief, pointed communications
from practical farmers. 1t is not the editor
that makes the paper what it is. He is only
one among the many whose pens contribute
to the usefulness of the paper. We hope
our friends will make it a point to write
out, from time to time, the results of their
experience In raising crops, breeding stock,
&C., and keep the first page of the FARMER
full of valuable original practical informa-
tion. If you have not some informati on to
impart, but are in want Of light on any sub
ject, ask for it through the "Notes and Que
ries" column, and quite likely you will draw
out some one who has just the information
you want. We fatter ourself that we
have already the best corps of agricultural
contributors in this part Of the country, but,
like the beggar, we "want MORE" Wewant
to keep improving and to this end We ask
the earnest cooperation of the farmers Of
Vermont, without which the success we have
already achieved as first class agricultural
paper would be impossible.