, 1875-03-03

BRs Anu uhFo Aeato hnLHink put "hoh o.
kndneAa and encouragement to this class, eFeh
from our bourbon pfoaB.
Hoping that yonr tnpor may aid us 10 getting
nnmerous small farmers to take our lands, l fo-
,naju yory tttly. II, 4. riEncE,
OF Little Kork, Ark.
RAILROAD THEORIES.
The Political Connection at Itnil-
Tosltfs with tho <:oyernn.c,t-a E.cc-
turr by Cnnrlrs Erasssis Adams, JF.
Eo,fon ddrerttatr, ttt. q.
Tho tweltth and last Lecture of c!lar!es Franels
ered in tho Lowell Instttuto last evening, tho
epectni subject being 'tIho Political Connection
Of Naitrokla With The Government He pre-
fAcod bis lecture With fow words In Which ho
many had hecn. Interested IN tho conrae. and
tnnn began by asking whnt this railroad problem
ia, about Which 10 much has been said. AZ ho
ul'derstool 1t, 1t Was this Within tho present
century tho increnso Of knowledge, the discoyos-
ilization, hnd t'noun the convonieuces
necessary for public lite !nto ct!ie
bands Of .priyats individuals and comtna-
tiolss, and tle question Mns, 10" to bring slo'n
into practical sublugation TO law. Half tlsu
States Of tie Untou had nade thoir statute booka
ridiculous BY ptoyiBtons 10 ueosent tho co'nbinh-
tion Of competing rasisosd liucs. No reliable
agency through which to regulate their opera
AOAA IOuiA nD AVAL4A III VIC ~ %NAAPes@e
tfon. The stronger corporation would III oroty
caHo !nhlly abhorb tho weaker, or both wond
combine. Competition man thcroforo tho form
through which consolidation and combination
ied 10 dHcrim!uatidn, not-coulpeting points
being obligou to pay the cost incurred IN benefit
ing those points wllfcss enjoyed competition; 1t
did not lead to that equality and average, eYeu-
ness Of price, but to inequality bcs"ccn tho To-
calitles which wero seryod. Competition Was
simply phase OF evolution. Tho difference he-
tween competition which waa opon to d! the
world and which vas botween two monopolies
Was wide. How long IT would tako 10 perfect
syssom which would bring ali the railroads Of
tic country Into = combined and vel. organized
ulonopo!y was not foE him 70 say, hut no man
who studied tho history Of the past few yeass
could fail to SEQ tlat such result Was simply .
question Of ts A. no SoHea at tho pTSeS
tnro from study Of tho past. Thn railroad sya-
TEN had boon aud uas now passing through
regular process OF evolution.
Mankint! possessoH but touf hyBtosnh of feHu-
handb Of corporations independent OF Govern
mous CONTROL standing on much tho tnu,e foot
Jug as cotton mills or iron factofiea they might
DO a1b 1cct to the operation Of certain laws
through which thos! chsrFeh and rates may bo
more Or loas limited. While remaining ~ the
control Ct private pastsss they might bo subject
TO- Government nupersislou, and tnaliy they
might wholly Or IN paft 10 owned ana
p tne Maa 0 pn5a o.
II thus matter at transportation wsa hy e1por'-
cnco found to DO ono orcr which 1t was ncces-
sary Or inevitable that tho Government Should
snsess certain deEsSe ot s9na
ornament was obliged TO cstend its control over
railroads to I'll oxtent WHICH disturbed tho po-
lislcal system under which no woEo brought up.
aud in Which, wo bol!oso, 1t was mono tho loha =
portion OF tho inevitable. It wan vory clear that
that f&3lFGhu BTBtEtu Which Ind ChAnnHH Anil
rovo!uttonizcd 1ho whole world would not turn
aniao simply beca,,ao It had come to CONFLICT with
tho political institutions pl tho United States.
u WA absurd to suproso thse force Ike this
thought aud action would leave tho political s7s-
tenn untouched. We had Indications that wc
were orerluadsnE tho frameWork OF our Gov
esnmant by continually forcing now tanettouH
tue already overloaded systsm Of our aim,nlo,r r.
publican government closer relation with this
whero tho political revolution saas NO we're on
no man could asand IN Tho way Of locomotive
aud that It was ampiy FOL na TO atudy these cues
tlona aB boat "o Could and. having studied them,
to procsed 70 adapt our political lnstltutions to
tlsat material sysseu which "as stronger than
they. .....
Tho lecturer spoko OF tho conclusion arrival
at by committee Of tho English Parliament
after Thorough Investigation into tho railroad
questions ef thae conntfy, sayng It WAS Just
m!ncd--shat they, could not moot tho issno.
no thcn proceeded to describe tho System under
which our railroads In h1aasachukctta are
regulated, which, ho said. ho believed
VII s aa essed not L Sas sp1 sssf sb
Oar los1elatots practically said: "Hcre arc those
large lnonopolics: We recognize perfectly that
they arc not subject to natural Laws Of supply
aud demand; re recoRnixe that competition is