davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10

SMALL MEANS. The power of
money is on the whole over estimated.
The greatest things which have been
done for the world have not been by
rich men, or by subscription lists,
but by mem generally Of email means.
The thinkers, discoverers, inventors
and artists, have been men of moder-
ate wealth, many of them little raised
above the condition of manual labor
ers in point of worldly circumstances.
And it will always be so. Riches
are oftencr an impediment than
stimulus TO action, and in many cas-
es they are as much misfortune as
blessing. The youth who inherits
wealth is apt to have life made too
easy for him, and he soon grows sated
with it, because he has nothing 10 de-
sire. Having no special object to
struggle for he finds time heavy on
his hands; remains morally and men,
tally asleep; and his position in So
ciety is often no higher than that of a
polypus over which the. tide floats.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10

treasury, is information which the
editor Of THE Ne,os has promised to
give the public, He at least knows
somethingocour affairs in this county,
and the people will know more than
now when he produces those ssafIida
Wits" showing why "neat little
pile" of the money from our county
did notget into the State treasury.
County'oficials, in.too many instan-
ces' have been too eager to use the
peoples money instead Of paying it
over with strict integrity and prompt
ness to the State Treasurer. This is
one reason why the Agricultural Col
lege is left without funds, md the
trustees have not only been obliged
TO pay their own expenses, but to
advance their own property to pre-
vent the entire loss and ruin of the
institution, and this, too, when the
State is holding funds due the insti-
tuition. In this condition of affairs,
a State Senator and editor of oul
county, seeks to mislead the public
with the assumption that $25 900 OF
the peoples mony has been paid in
here for the benefit of the institution.
More than this should have been PAID,
as some forty thousand is due. No
doubt more would have been paid if
we only had been favored with honest
officials TO take charge Of the peoples
money. The Agricultural College
cannot be held responsible for the
money that others have lost. 1t is
q very easy matter to show what has
become of the scanty amount that has
been placed at our. control but there
seems to he many leaks for the waste
of the peoples money before it
reaches the objects for which it is in.
tended.
A. WEBSTER,
Scc'y Of Agricultural College.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
II H E Nj q

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subscriptions to IIarper's Magazine, Weekly,
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pense Of purchaser.
Newspapers are not to copy this advertisement.
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The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
f" Complete Pictorial History Of the
Times" The best, cheapest,
and most successful Family Pa
per it the Union
FL a rper's w e e k ly
ILLUSTRATED.
Notices OF the Press.


The Weekly i the ablcst and most pow
erfnl Illustrated periodical published in
this country. Its editorials are scholarly
and convincing, and carry much weight.
Its Illustrations of current events are full
and fresh, and are prepared by our best
designers. With a circulation of lao. 900,
the WEEKLY is read by at least half Il
million persons. and its influence rs an
organ of opinion is simply tremendous
The WEEKLY maintains n positive posi-
ton, expresses decided views on political
and social problems s.-Louisville Churitr-
Journal.
Its articles are models of hiqh-toncd
discussion. and its pictorial illustrations
are often cOrrOtorative arguments of no
small force ~. ]. Examiner and Chron-
icle.
Its papers upon existent questions and
its inimitnble cartnons help to mould the
sentiments of the country.-Pi Pittsburgh
Commercial.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
A. WEBSTER,
Scc'y Of Agricultural College.
The Southern States.

The South needs schools-schools
schools for whites rs we'll as blacks,
and blacks as we'll as whites. We do
not say separate schools, nor mixed
schools. That is not the matter which
We wish now to present, and is one
which az we believe, will soon regu-
late itself. But good schools Of the
one class Or Of tie other, as the people
shall agree upon, ought to be provid-
=eel for all the utIitdruu. It-ia easy TO
see that there never can be general
prosperity and peaceful condition
of society in the South unless the ele-
waiting and restraining influences of a
Christian education shall be ditfused
among all classes Of its population.
A homogeneous white population will
never exist there, except upon that
condition Equal opportunities for
educating their children must also be
provided for the cololed people
There is no choice in this matter if
the conditions of peace and national
prosperity are to be created in the
South. One-half of tie population
can not with safety 10 the other half,
or the county, be abandoned to gross
ignorance and to the degrading vices
to which an ignorant free population
would become the inevitable prey.
Mo-: for the sake OF both classes Of
the p0palationJ for the South, for the
sake Of tile whole country, which
must prosper or. suffer together, the
influence Of. education-of etiacation
with religion-must be universally
diffused.
The system Of free com mon-schools
must be everywhere established, and
attendance upon school, if need be,
must be required and enforced. It is
due to the colorcd man, on the prin-
ciple Of Christianity, that his oppor-
tunities for culture and mental devel-
opment should be equal to the white
mans. II is also for The peace, the
elevation, the virtue, and the prosper
ity. in all respects, of the white popu-
lation and Of the country, that he
should have such opportunities and
be urged to improve them. There
fore, rs appears evident to us, the
white people Of the South could pur-
sue no public policy more saicidai for
themselves and for their children, or
in respect to the peacefulness society
and the material development of tho
Southitself, than to obstruct the pro-
gress of education among the blacks.
If they were to continue to do this,
and succeed in it they would make
their whole land the abode and the
nursery of ignorance, RIGHTEOUSNESS,
brutality and crime; land not sur
PASSED in>these evils by any portion
of iieathendom, or by Sodom itself.
We say these words that our South
crn friends and co-religionists who
read Them and have some rcsponsibil,
ity in moiding public sentiment and
E d. ( ~ "a :. a +. !
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
SATURDAY, APItIL 10, 1875.
Newspaper Law.

We invite attention to the law con-
cerning newspapers:
/: Subscribers who do not give ex-
press notice to the contrary are con-
sidcred as wishing to- continue their
subscription.
9. If subscribers wish their paper
discontinued publishers may continue
to send them until all charges arc
paid.
3. If subscribers neglect or re fuse
to take their papers from the offices
or places to which they are sent, they
are held responsible until they settle
their bill and give notice to discon-
tinuc them:
4. If subscribers move to other
places without informing til, publish
er, and the paper is sent to the for
mer direction, they are held respon-
sible. Notice should always be
given of removal.
5. The Courts have decided that
refusing to take a paper or periodical
from the office, or, removing and
lenving,it unealled for, is prima facie
evidence as Intentional fraud. =
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
M. V. o. B. S.

W. - " LIZ -.
There are are great many secret
societies which, have strange names,
and some whose names are unknown
to outsiders, but whose members use
certain letters as symbols or initials
to express their character.
1t is very true that many good men
belong to such societies, and people
say if the societies were bad, such
good men would not join them but
it is just as true that many bad men
also belong to them, and if the socie-
ties were very good these bad men
might not like them SO we'll. But
really neither of these arguments
prove much, because none of the men
knew anything about the societies be-
fore they joined them, and all of them
are sworn not to tell what they have
found out since. So if the men are
SO good, or ever 80 bad, they are
bound not to expose the good or evil
they see, or in any way reveal the Sc
crets Of the order to which they be-
long.
/ never like to open my mouth and
shut my eyes at the time. When my
mouth is open ! keep my eyes open
too when my eyes are shut I think
it is time to shut my eyes also. Rats
and mice sometimes get into places
they do not know much about, and
sometimes never get out again alive
prefer not TO go into a place till I
know what go in for, and how and
when get out again. And / do not
make promises to people till l know
what they are. So 1 do not join such
secret societies, and I do not advise
other people to join them.
There is one society, however, to
which should be glad to have all my
friends belong. All can join it, old
and young, male and female, white
and black. 1t costs nothing for in
itiation, rcgalia, or show. There arc
no oaths taken, no pass. word, or
grips, and no secrets, constitutions,
nor bylaws to be learned. This soci.
ETY. has among its members most oil
the good men and great of all ages.
You can join it at any time, no nat
ter where you are. ! t makes people
more happy, their families more
peaccablc, and their homes more
| quiet, when all belong 10 this society.
1t is more ancient than any other
ITS members are, many aa,then,,, Ayell
known and greatly respected.
They are very peaceable, quiet and
thrifty. heard Of one man who
made thousand dollars in year by
belonging to this society ;-some have
made still more, some less. BY be.
longing to this society men keep out
of many troubles difficulties, and
avoid great deal of vice and sim
No good man ever made any objee
to belonging to this society, and the
best of men have always been mem.
bers Of the NJ. Y. 0. 3. 8.
Wouid you like to join it? Yor
can "WAere:" Anywhere-here.-
"When?" Now. Shall tell you th,
full name of the Nj. Y 90. B. S.? Soft
ly then-iet me whisper it in your
ear it is the s'AIind Your Own Busi
ness Society" Better join It at once
Tie Christian.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
notice,

We are not responsible for tho views OF our
Correspondents.
Advertisements to he inserted In the CITIZEN
must be received by Thursday evening.
Advertisements inserted at One Dollar per
inch, for the first insertion. Further terms can
be had on application to the Editor or Publs nor.
Communications OH matters Of State or Local
interest, respectfully solicited.
All orders for Job Printing left ut mis- Office
will receive prompt attention.
:, Agents and Correspondents wanted In all
Towns OF tho County.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
False Insinuations in Regard TO the
Agricultural College,.

y
The editor OF the orangeburg Nea0s
and Times says:
"We have been requested to ask
Mr. Webster, Secretary of the S. G.
Agricultural. College to publish an
account Of the expenditures Of the
twenty-five thousand dollars of the
peoples money collected as interest
on State Agricultural Bonds"
The above contains an nntruthful
insinuation. The sum mentioned,
nor half of it, has never been patti by
the people to meet an honest debt
due this institution. On the Agricul-
tural College farm, authorized by the
Legislature Of our State to be pur-
chased for this institution, the secre-
tary has been obliged to advance, of
ms own private funds and that bor-
rowed from friends, over six thousand
dollars, to prevent the foreclosure OF
mortgage held against it Tor the
purchase money. More than this,
many of the trustees of the college
have been to the expense, for over
two years, Of attending the meetings
of the board, and doing much per-
s0nai work for the institution without
receiving one dollar even for their
travelling expenses. Snch men rs
Hon. A. j. Willard, Judge Wright
and II. j. Donaldson, lave faithfully
attended the meetings Of the board,
and have never yet presented bill
for expenses, for the reason that they
have preferred to give to the institu-
ton, rather tiian ded uct anything
from its scanty funds.
Two years ago the Legislature ap-
propriated to be paid one years in
tefest on the money due the college
on the interest of Agricultural bonds
amounting to between eleven and
twelve thousand dollars. Last year
no appropriation was made. The
house passed an appropriation for
another years interest, but the SEN
ate struck it ont, and we were left
with no means Of paying out debts
c6,,trated for the institution. The
Z first years appropriations, as yet, has
only been alittle more than half paid.
The State treasurcrfgiyes as a reason
for not paying it, that the requisite
funds have not, as yet, been paid into
fhe treasury 2 Pbs reason why the
peoples money has not got into the
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10

The law compelling children to at.
tend school is working well in New
Hampshire. The number Of children
not attending school has been dimin.
ished from 4,6O2 in 1872 to 1850 in
1873, and 1858 in 1874, a total of
44 per cent.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10
A u RTIS E Nj EN- T S !.
MISCELLANEOUS.
STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA

D II vi SOUIH CAROt1NA,
OFFICE SECRETARY OF STATE,
COLUMBIA, S. c. Feb. 18th, 1875.
The FREE, CITIZEN is hereby
designated as one Of the newspapers
for the publication of alF kgal no
tees, and official advertisements for
the County of Orangeburg, under the
Act approved February 22d, 1870,
entitled can Act to regulate the
publication of all legal and public
notices and all former orders Of this
Board in conflict with this is hereby
rescinded.
H. E. HAYNE,
Sec'y of State and Sec'y of Board.
I, H. E. HAYNE, Secretary of State,
do hereby certify that the foregoing
is q true and correct copy of the orig
inal, now on file in this office.
H. E. HAYNE,
Secretary of State.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10

Frauds and pc culations have been
discovered in the management of the
Southern Indiana State Prison, by q
Legislative Committee of shat State.
The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-04-10

MENTAL INFLUENCE. The mental
condition has far more influence upon
the bodily health than is generally
supposed. 1t is no doubt true that all
ments Of body cause depressing ans!
morbid conditions Of the mind but
1t is no less trne that sorrowful and
disagreeahle emotions produce disease
in persons who,uninduenccd by them,
would be in sound health /; or if dis
ease is not produced, the functions
are disordered. Not even physicians
always consider the importance of
tliis fact. Agreeable emotions set in
motion nervous currents which stimu-
late blood, brain, and every part Of
the system into heplthfal activity
while grief, disappointment Of feel
ing, and brooding over present, sor-
rows or past mistakes depress all the
vital forces. 70 be physically well
one must, in general, be happy. The
reverse is ccJ always true one may
be happy and cheerful, and yet be q
constant sufferer in body.--4Selected.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23
Notes ana Comments,

The Canadian newspapers are delighted
at the improvement in postal facilities be-
tween Canada and this country, and now
want only that newspapers shall be cx-
empt from postage in order 10 be happy.
The school board of San Francisco have
decided that the Lords prayer is partisan
and sectarian." One member thought that
1t must be very disagreeable to Jewish pa
rents and children. but didn't explain why.
Somebody will be obiecting TO the ten
commandments next.
The Michigan legislature is considering
the substitution tor the prohiLitory law Of
statute grading the taxes On the manu-
facture and the sale of liquors according
to their nature, and then puts the dealer
under $4,000 bonds to close by eleven at
at night, aud not open on Sunday not to
sell to minors or habitual drunkards, and
to pay all damages that accrue from tho
sale.
Ben Butler was caricaturcd in the Mardi
Gras eiligies at Louisville. He was repre-
sented as supporting a colored maiden on
one arm, and with the other holding across
his shoulder an immense silver spoon.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23

A worthy citizen of Milton on q visit to
Burlington, n few days since, being desi-
rous of enjoying all the attractions Of the
season, determined to have a little smelt
fishing, and while in one of our business
houses made known his intention, and al
so made inquiries as to the best method Of
procedure. He was gravely informed that
there was nothing for smelt like grass.hop-
pers. but where do you get grass hep.
pers?' quoth he. Nothing so easy" was
the reply; sin the summer time large guam.
titles are caught in Bolton and other rural
districts, and carefully bottled for future
use. They thus lie dorment till tho sea
son arrives, when smelt can be taken with
them in much larger quantities Than with
any other bait" Upon inquiry he learned
that the choppers" could be procured in
convenient quantities of cur townsman, G..
S, Appleton, at the Central depot. Rus
tcus made haste to the depot and appear
ing at the ticket window called for bottle
of "Appleton's best grasshoppers.' Being
greeted with an expression Of surprise he
explained, and bei,g thereupon mildly
asked if he was a-fool, it began to dawn
upon him that he had been beguiled by
ways that are dark and tricks that are vain.
Free Press.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23
Are More Faxes Necessary q,

The New York 7riJunecannot see why
the government need to provide for forty
millions more revenue By the official
statement, quoted by Mr. Roberts in his
speech on the bill, it appears that seven
months of the fiscal year show decrease
Of S3,379,5s in receipts and of 80 .s7e APO
in expenditures. According TO this the bal.
ance is better BY s6,592, 1897 than it was a
year ago, when Mr.. Dawes opposed and
succeeded in STAYING off any additional
taxation. 1t was before the election. Won
know. Now, according to Secretary Bris.
tow, there was surplus last year of S.
ZOE, 44T.Gj, and the revenue this yeor bids
fair to be as large as last year without add.
tional legislation. For the first six months
OF the year it was larger than for the cor
responding perion last year by 2,64G, 23I
January was very dull month, and the
revenue showed heavy diminution, but
for the first ten days Of this month il was
more than last year by 1919. $50. Who
doubts that the difference will be made IN
between now and July To recapitulate
There was surplus Of six millions last
year the expenses show reduction Of
ten millions in seven months which is at the
rate OF seventeen millions year il the
revenue is no larger than last year, there
will be surplus Of twenty-threc millions,
and only thirty-one millions are required to
provide for the sinking fund. The official
statements show, in short, that the treasury
is in much better condition than it was a
year ago, when Mr. Dawes strenuousy on.
posed additional taxation, and the conclu-
sion is inevitable that more revenue is
wanied now simply to strengthen the hands
OF the administration against democratic
house Of representatives..
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23

Prof, Ezra Branard of Middebury Col.
lege lectured at Manchester on Wednesday
evening last.
The New York Independent says that
Rev. John Henry Hopkins sis really the
head center of American Ritualism."
Harvey knight, NJ. d., who nearly five
years past has practiced medicine in
Georgia, has removed to Springfield, this
State.
Gordon Cole, the Republican candidate
for Senator in Minnesota, is son of DIR. l..
j. Cole of Cheshire, and a relative of d.
d. and VI. ID. Cole, of Castleton.
Mr.. Thurlow Weed haa offered the Mt.
Lebanon Shakers the use of $4,000 with
out interest, to aid them in repairing the
damages of the recent disastrous fire.
II. +. Woodward, formerly of Richford,
is the leading attorney at Baldwin, Wis
consin. He has a large practice and has
made his mark in the courts of the state
Lieut.. W. r. Dunton, T. S. A. is spend
ing some time in Dorset with his wife and
son who preceded him. His regiment is
stationed at Fort Dodge, Kan, to protect
our frontier from Indian raids.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23
4 Remark able Old Lady.

There is lady in West Dummerston In
her 77th year, who, beside engaging in the
duties commonly attending the care of a
farm house, takes charge of six cows, drives
them one-fourth of a mile to pasture in sum-
mer, milks three of them, takes the whole
care of the milk and cream, makes the
butter and takes it to market. She was
married at the age of 50, never had any
children, was sick good deal in her earlier
lite, had-one attack of phthisis pumonalis,
aud yet at her advanced age she is erj1ying
good health and has been for several years.
She has been for Ave years widow had
teeth until her list year, hair only slightly
silvereJ, sees well with spectacles, and pos
sesses good degree of mental as well as
physical activity.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23
Tho water supply,

A large number of the people of Athens,
Windham county, are destitute of water,
and have to carry ii some distance.
1t is stated that onc-half the farmers Of
Wcatherfield, Windsor county, are desti-
tute of water either at house or barn, or
both.
Ths %aH # Nasr TaSs ssgHHs ne2p
eral families are obliged to melt snow for
all they Use.
George 5. Bradford of West Randolph,
Is bringing water mile and half to a
large reservoir on an elevation above the
village, TO supply all who wish, at reason
able rates.
The scarcity of water in the South Vii.
lage OF Westmoreland, \. H., has occa-
stoned the residents to call meeting to
adopt measures to bring an abundance from
above the village.
The thaw of last week raised the streams
considerably, supplying water for man and
beast, but as i'll fortune would have it, thu
coolest weather Of the season Immediately
followed, freezing everything up again.
The Rutland daily globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1875-02-23
Needles.


A Ludlow correspondent Of the Wind
sor journal communicates the following
about one hundred and three needles.
My mother 10 seamstress, works on full
cloth, and consequently uses good many
coarse needles. She has used two old
cushions of grandmo,her's, which were made
of full cloth and stuffed with tow, ono be-
ing of diamond shape, not over three inches
through the thickest way. Mother would
buy paper of needles, use one, and put 1t
on the cushion, maybe use It again. may
be take another from the paper; in this way
they have worked through cloth INTO the
tow, and lain there for some time. The
otherday my wife undertook to pinch the
old cushion, and the result was "Oh" and
shake of the hand full as expressive. She
has got out of it since one hundred and
three good needles, besides one or two doz-
en- headless pins and innumerable pieces Of
other needles p,