davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

TREES IN PAsTUREs.-It has been frequent
ly urged that trees in pastures encourages
laziness in animals, for when such comtorta-
BILE retreats from the hot sun in summer are
at hand, they are likely to tarry too long at
these resting places While it is true that
animal instinct may not be any surer proven.
tative against indiScrctons in the dumb brute
than in man, still, we believe that in all rum
lnants digestion proceeds more regularly
when the animal Is comfortably at rest, than
when Subjected to opposite conditions. Ami
mails appear to be disposed to seek the cool
shade OF tree when the heat is oppressive,
and il is cruel, to say the least, To deprive
them of this comfort We have ALWAYS no.
ticed that ANIMALS having a comfortable rest,
ing place during the hottest part of the day
would feed later at night is well Is com
mence earlier in the morning; Consequently
we fail to see wherein shade trees in a mas.
ture are detrimental to good health orthe fat.
tening of animals, rs IL sometimes asserted
There are certainly two sides to this question.
but the more humane practice would be 10
provide shade, TO say nothing cf appearance
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

What looks better than pretty hanging
baskets tastefully filled with plants? And
vet how seldom are they to be met with
Baskets OF living plants may easily be had in
perfection; select such kinds as Will stand IN
rooms. AS regards the baskets themselves, l
like to see the wire work painted dark green.
Some paint it with bright colors, which
quite spois the effect of the flowers, which
should be gay enough, as regards color with
out any addition IN the way of paint Inside
the wire work put thick layer OF green
moss SO as to prevent the soil from dropping
and then fill up with whatever com
post is best suited to the requirements OF the
plants with which the baskets are to be hlled.
For summer decoration there are number
less plants that can be grown in baskets but,
for winter blooming, nothing is better or
looks more snowy, than Rollisson's Unique,
Geranium or Scarlet TropRolum, both OF
which will continue in flower all through the
winter, and droop down gracefully all round
the basket. A basket, indeed, never looks
we'll unless it is furnished with some droop-
ing plant rounu the edge as, for instance,
with the varIegated Ivy-leaved Pelargouium
called L'Elegante; while, in the centre
should be a nicely.grown plant of Fuchsia
Mrs Marshall. Pretty baskets may also be
made of silver variegated Geraninm Lady
Plymouth and bright blue Lobelia, or OF
blue Convolvulus, with Christine Geranium
in the centre; III fact, any flower that suits
and is put in with good taste, will look well
For large baskets, suited for Hobbies, mixed
foliage plants such as variegated Sedums,
Echeverias, Iresnes, and Contaureas, have
and effective appearance.
A window box made of wood, and lined
with zinc, suspended by four cords or wires
up which can be trained creepers, also makes
pretty room ornament. Tie great point as
regards creeping plants in baskets or boxes
fresh and in good health, is to give them
plenty of water during the growing season
but more sparingly in winter, and to keep the
leaves clean. If baskets are hung high there
should be some means of lowering them, as
it is troublesome getting up to them every
morning with step If the baskets are small
the best way to carry them away and water
them outside; but in the case Of large bask
cts this cannot be done, 80 a tea tray or some
thing of the kind should be place under
them to catch the drip.-Ihe London Garden
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03
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The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

To raise onions the ground should be thor
oughly plowcd, made very mellow, and roll
ed 1t should be made rich and well rotted,
fine barnyard manure, and wood ashes make
good additional fertilizer Thlrty-two
horse loads per acre would not be too much
manure for good crop. Five pounds OF
seed per acre may be drilled in rows nine
inches apart with II light hand seed drill The
ground must be kept very clean from weeds,
and mellow with the hoe. A hoe with "A
prongcd blade is made specially for this
work. Tie onions may be grown as close IN
row as they will stand. They may be grown
year after year upon the same ground, il
plenty of manure Is given them, with increas
ing profit We would rather sell at fail
price at a home market than risk the chance
of distant one.-UisS0uIJ UemOcrdt
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

Every farmer who has cultivated peas, and
attempted to keep some through winter tol
seed knows what are called pea bugs which
by the way, is not bug, but small gray
beetle, known to entomOlogists as Bructm
pisl, Linn or in some late listStaS Wyiajri,
pisi When gathering the peas in fall, The
presence Of an insect in the pea Is not noticed
although it is there, nevertheless, but in tho
larvae or grub state, which undergOeS its
transformation during the winter, and comes
forth a beetle at the approach OF warm wealth
or in spring, There are very few localities
where pea, are not attacked by this pest
and although II does littc harm to the crop
if gathered green for market, when kept for
seed its depredatiOns become quite apparent
Another species (BtWchUS ObSOle'HS) (SOy
attacks beans in the same manner, but instead
of one beetle in each seed, as Is generally tho
case with the pea, there are several; some
times twenty, or more, will be found in one
bead. This insect attacks all the varieties
bat Is not quite as abundant IN the Northern
as IN the Middle and southern states. But
they are becoming more numerous every
year and unless soon checked il will be diff
cult to obtain sound beans for seed.
Now, it must be evident ihat, Il these in
sects are ever to become less il numbers
efficient and persistent efforts must be re-
sorted by all who cultivate peas and beans
Perhaps the most certain method of destroy
ing is to thoroughly dry the seed soon after
gathering, and then put away in alright YES
sells, putting quantity OF gum camPhor, say
Il half pound To barrel--SOme old cloths
soaked in spirits of turpentine, placed in the
bottom of the barrel will usually answer the
same purp9sc-Ruyul NGr Iorker.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

\ correspondent of the Indiana Farmer
SAYS: Last fall knew man who had two
lois of hogs bought, that he had 10 feed four
teen DAYS before they went off. The first lo'
ate dirt considerably; the second did not
The result one gained nothing, while the sec
o&d gained thirty-onc pounds. Now the
remedy is to supply them with plenty OF
finely heated stone coal. This they will ca
as if il were hickory nuts or walnuts.
know n an that goes TO the coal mine ant
gets a load of fine coal and throws it in his
nog lot OF hogs for market.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

\ correspondent of the Gc'ma"to,r" 1sie
graph says: A friend of mine has kept his
celery through the winter now for several
years by setting it in spring water about an
inch in depth and, kept thus, it continues to
grow and serd up fresh leaves, so that he has
cut nicely bleached tender tops two or three
times in winter My trouble with the
trench system has been meadow mice, which
appear to be quite as fond of the plant AS
am, and makes sad hovoc with il. Other,
wise, it was the best way to keep it which
had an opportunity of trying
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03
BUILDING A.

EIfE OTTAWA BUILDING A.
i SOCfA1ION has Money 10 Loan on The
frs; tuesday rrirtipa and interest," paw
abe In moIth in.iaIlmen. For faris Particnlir al
on = g.. HAi.l.is. secF-iayy.
Nov
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

Dummet's orange grove, South Florida,
produced 100000 oranges last season. and he
expects to have 100000 this year. Three or
four years ago the trees were nearly destroy
ed by insects, but they have fully recovered
and look finer than ever
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03

The Cincinnati Commercial proposes to pay
the natsonal debt in corn stalks. Let every
farmer make immediate preparations to shell
out.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1875-04-03
Note, Letter and Bill Heads

Printed IN rscNss s;yle. ne FREE Trader oeee west
Of Court House square p-NAN HAPkhAN
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

the mouth Of one of his characters by dra-
matio poet: eve shall have wars, and will
sutler be-" In the next place, there are
thousands of men who would expect to get
rich as dealers in army supplies Then,
again, reckless band of spectators would
see harvest in a general unsetthng OF the
currency and great rise in the premium on
gold More dangerous than all, there is
powerful band Of rich men in this country
who are deeply interested in Mexican mines
and would expect annexations Of territory at
the close of the war-territory in which they
would purchase large amounts Of valuable
property for a song during the contest and
profit by its immense rise after annexation
There are SO many political interests and pc
cuniary interests that would reap advantages
and reach coveted objects by war with
Mexico that we look with alarm on occur
rences which craft and selfishness may easily
nurse into hostilities. The cloud on the Rio
Grande may, before the year ends, overspread
and darken the whole political sky. Public vigi-
lance should be alert until this danger is past.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02
The Canal Controversy a Albany

The Assembly concurred yesterday in the
Senates supplementary bin relating to the
commission to investigate the canal frauds
1t is understood that the Governor will
nominate two democrats and two republicans,
and to spare himself the modification Of
having any Of his appointees rejected he will
probably hold private consultations with
republican Senators aud allow them to
make suggestions This commission is al
lowed so much time for their Investigations
that they are not expected to report in season
for any action by this Legislature. But it Is
too evident that the gigantic canal frauds
should be rendered impossible by immediate
Legislation. Unless preventive laws are to
await the action Of future Legislature the
commission can be Of no practical service ex-
cept as furnishing information on which the
Governor may direct prosecutions against the
canal robbers.
AS we have repeatedly said, the Legisla-
ture has already facts enough TO enable il u
apply proper remedies, and the fact that the
most notorious members Of the Canal Ring are
among the loudest to clamor for investigation
proves that they value elaborate Investigations
as a means Of postponcment and that their
desire for postponement ought not to be graf
fled. The Governors Message is . sufficient
basis for legislation, since it cannot be dis
puted that the facts rccited in il ere substan-
tally true. For executing justice on guilty
individuals investigation may be necessary,
but surely not for curing a disease whose
symptoms have been 50 long understood.
The people have right to demand that tins
Legislature apply efiectual remedies without
awaiting the result Of investigation, which
will merely pile up additional instances Of
the same kind as those exposed in Governor
Tllden's vigorous and spplauded Message
Meanwhile the Governor is warmly sup
ported by the best intelligence Of the State and
By the honest masses Of both political parties.
The great meeting Of New York merchants at
the Produce Exchange yesterday should give
him peculiar satisfaction-fr because they
are fellow townsmen who know him well
and have perfect confidence in his intentions;
and, secondly, because they are competent
judges Of most questions relating to the man
agement Of the canals Our merchants and prod
uce dealers desire to see the investigation g
on until all the frauds are exposed and tn
! thieves brought TO grief; but they also wlsl
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02
All Fools, Dav.

The day of All Fools came and has passed
1t was thoroughly enjoyed by at least por-
ton of the citizens of New York. The young
folks especially took the license of the day az
an excuse for annoying all the irascible old
gentlemen who were thrown into their hands by
any evil fate. For the most part people took
the fooling good humoredly, though perhaps
they do not deserve as much credit for this as
might be thought at first sight. The fact is
New York is accustomed to being fooled, and
pretty badly. At one time it is boys, but we
easily get over them; at others by politicians,
and these are much more practical in their
jokes than is quite comfortable. Indeed, unless
history has been very unjust, some of the lat
ter class of jokers we're under the impression
that every day in the year was by special
grace an "All Fools Day." on which it was
not very wrongful to put ones hands into tho
general fools pocket and take out whatever
might be found there. Young New York
contents itself with the appearance
of stealing; but the more mature
genius of this great country seeks
tangible material results, for even fooling
would cease to be interesting if there were
nothing to be made by it. Some saturnine
philosophers may quarrel with the usages and
customs of the LIST of April, but we would not
see them destroyed, because we feel it would
be wrong to wipe out a festival which is APP
propriately dedicated to the mass of humanity.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

THE LsTHMus CANAL In another column
will be found a letter from our special CORE
spondent with the party now on the Isthmus
OF Darien engaged IN the prosecution Of the
surveys Tor determining the best route for .
ship canal from the Gulf of Mexico 70 the
Pacific Ocean. The special duty Of this party
is to examine the route in the neighborhood
Of the railway from Aspinwall to Panama; to
report on its feasibility and TO give such precise
indications OF the engineering difficulties as viii
cerye for data in the calculation Of the cost
With this definite commission they are re-
ported as making admirable progress, and
though the survey is not completed and the
final result therefore cannot be known, u y
at least certain that feasible route has been
found and that all the difficulties hitherto
noted 90 snch as may be readily overcome
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02
Dom Pedro.

1t is rumored that the Brazilian Emperor,
weary OF the cares of his kingdom, wants TO
lay down his crown and come to this coun-
try to devote himself to literary and scientific
pursuits. His well known love of letters gives
to the strange rumor on air Of possibility.
It would not be the first time that
members of his house found the crown bur-
den and voluntarily resigned it, and it must
be cheering TO the philosophic sect to see one
man in this degenerate age scorning the at
fractions Of honor and power for sake OF
the pursuit Of knowledge. In the vulgar
scramble for wealth and place constantly
going on in the great world the
example Of an emperor leaving be-
hind all that the common herd-the
ignobae ulgss-are striving and plotting and
sweating to rub their skirts to, will arrest at
tention. 1t would be useless to hope that the
lesson would be needed, tor humanity in its
limited intelligence has always cried for bau-
bles, and no amount Of good example from
saint or king or emperor viii be likely ever to
feet much change in human nature.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

cleaning the thoroughfares intrusted to
them. That was an innovation reserved
for the enlightened wisdom of the patres con-
scripi who legislate for our benefit up the
Hudson. We would suggest in all humble
ness that the opinions of the citizens Of this
metropolis should be consulted on this i'm
portant point, and that the cleaning of the
streets be handed over to separate commits
sion, who may be held responsible for the
proper execution of their duty. No change
that will take this important branch out Of
the hands of the Mulberry street magnates can
be for the worse
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02
III. street Cleaning question.

In han1ng over the care Of cleaning the
streets Of New York to the Board Of Police
Commissioners the Albany legislators made
q serious blunder and they cannot do better
now than undo the evil as promptly as posi-
bic. A bill is now before the Assem-
bly, introduced by Mr. Campbell, which
proposes to relieve the police from
the duty Of removing the mud from
our streets and vest that important function
in body specially appointed for the purpose
The police have quite enough TO occupy them
in REFRESHING crime and maintaining public
order, without being burdened with the clean
ing Of streets. Under the present arrange
ment they neither perform the scavenger nor
The police work to the satisfaction Of the
taxpayers. In their efforts to perform
the double duty that Albany wisdom
imposed on them they Of necessity are some
times obliged to sacrifice one or other Of their
functions. As q result we have q system Of
street cleaning SO inefficient that il il o dis
grace to orr city. In Europe, where they
manage these things very much better, It j.
the duty Of the police 70 report upon the con-
dition Of The streets and TO see that the sani-
tary regulations Of the cities are properly car
RED ont But IN 20 case ia the work Of
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02


Mr.. Beecher was on the witness stand dur
ing great part Of yesterdays session of the
court, but his testimony had no very close
bearing on the case. 1t was merely introduc-
tory, Mr. Evarts directing his questions with
view to bring out sketch OF his clients per-
sonal history, his various labors and the man
ner of his acquaintance and nature Of his
intercourse with Tlton, Moulton and
Mrs Tilton, previous to the commence
ment of the troubles which have
eliminated in this trial. So deep is the in
terest felt in this remarkable man that even
the Introductory matter coming from his lips,
and conveyed with occasional flashes of his
peculiar aptness of expression, will rivet pub
lie attention. His bearing on the witness
stand was excellent, as everybody expected it
would be, because, whether innocent or
guilty, he possesses, among the abundance Of
his talents, that Of great actor, and nobody
ever doubted that his manner of testifying
would make q favorable impression on the
jury and the public. 1t is not, however, the
manner but the substance Of his testimony
that will help or hurt his case.
To-day he will come to the pith of the
with which he is charged, and this days testi-
mony is likely to be the most important of
any he viii deliver on his direct examination.
lie has been carefully prepared, or, as college
people say, coached" by Mr.. Evarts, for his
appearance on the stand, which will tally in
81 - ohao~ L.
thing has been arranged between him and his
examiner to bring out his testimony with
the most impressive effect and if the
case were to close when Mr.. Evarts gets
through with him there is little reason 10
doubt that even his indiscreet letters would
wear an innocent face. The combined tact,
ingenuity and resources of two such able men
as Mr.. Beecher and Mr.. Evarts could hardly
fail to give plausible view to more desper-
ate case than the present, in which there is no
direct proof Of the acts charged, no specifca-
ton Of times and places supported by par
ticle Of evidence, and everything depends
on alleged indefinite confessions and infer
ences from his own extraordinary letters. All
that is required to clear him in public estima-
ton is to explain away mass Of merely cir
curnstantial evidence. There is ne reason to
doubt that be will succeed smoothly enough
in this if his explanations are not broken
by the searching cross-examination to
which he will be subjected. All good
men must hope that he viii 50
pass through tits trying ordeal as to
remove the painful doubts which have
been created principally by the documents
which exist in his own handwriting. The
public will not care how fully be may convict
himself Of egregious folly and moral cow
ariice (and he cannot be very tender Of him
self on these points, if he succeeds IN showing
that these have been his greatest faults
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

for immediate legislation The season Of ca
nal navigation is about to open and our COM
mercial classes will not be satisfied if legisla-
ton has to stand still and await the result of
the Albany Investigations. They demand
wholesome laws and low tolls, with view to
the canal business of the present year.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

The MEuEG TROUBLES are assuming serious
proportions, as the workmen seem determined
TO establish a reign Of terror. A large body
of militia have received orders to hold them
selves in readiness to act against the rioters
but we hope means Of averting conflict may
be found By the interposiion q the friends Of
peace.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

Owing to the pressure Of advertisements on
obliged to request advertisers to send in ad-
Tertisements intended for the Sunday HzRALD
during the week and early on Saturdays,
thereby insuring proper classification
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

WALL STREET YESTERDAY. stock mar
ket was moderately active, with some higher
prices at the close Gold sold At l14l 114s,
and closed at 1141. Money on cal loans wa
abundant at and per cent.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

Az HoSEsT MERCHANT with money he de-
sires to invest would have about as much
chance Of a good purchase among the Big
Bonanzas Of Wall street as a diamond dealer
laden with wares would have among the ban
dits in the Spanish mountains.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

THE IcE GoRGEs are melting away under
tbe genial heat OF the April sun. The Della
ware and Susquehanna are well nigh free
of ice, and all serious danger seems 70 have
xagged
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-02

From our reports this morning he probabilities
are hat tie loeGther today ,Osl " oIosOdy and
cooler