The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-04-19

this country but 10 the ngtY years that nave hn@
elapsed, that immigration neE peen MoEs ~
1900, 900 on persons. The aggregate population 10
the last nfty years has advanced somewhat more
than threshold. the foreign immigration mo ors
children OF immigrants are a quarter OF the Whole
population. This enormous innux OF foreigners
ias added immense ignorance and entire IN
familiarity with republican ideas and habits 70
the voting class. II has brought other political
traditions, other languages and other religious
iaitns, IL has introduced powerful ana organized
influences not friendly 10 the republican principle
OF freedom OF thought and action. IL IS TO the
change produced BY immigration that we owe the
first serious questioning OF the public school sys
TEN. wncn was the nursery OF the early republic
and which Is to-day the palladium OF Tree popular
DO not misunders aud me. am not lamentina
even In thought the ooundess hospitality OF
America 40 not iorges tna1 tne wnYe european
mesucated here not yet three hundred years. l
am not lnsenslCle OF the proud claim Oh Amerlca
nor do doubt In her maturity ner power, II duly
directed to asslmilate wnoie na n Il need De-
ana III her prime maintained her unity. But II
she has been the nope OF me word, and IS so sun,
IL Is because ishe has understood 0otn tue c0ndi-
lions aud the perils OF freedom, and waicnes care
fully the changing conditions nadef woicn Iepu pup
welcome to her ample bosom all VINO choose 10
be called her children. Bat II she Is to remain
those craven counsels whose type is the ostrich
bury ing his head IN the slnd put OF mat wise ana
heaven soaring eagle gazing uncazzled even &C
Again, within the century steam has enormously
expanded tue national domain and every added
mile is an added strain 70 our system the mar.
velous ease Of communication both by rail and
telegraph tends TO oolterate conservative local
lines ana TO make a fatal Capitalization more
possible. The telegraph, which instantly ecnoes
the central command at the remotest pI int, be-
comes ootn iacnty and temptation TO exer.
else command, while below upon the rail- inc
armed blow swiftly follows the word that dies
along the wire. Steam concentrates popula-
ment was formed the people were strictly
rural, and there were Dut six cities with
Q unn no NH MS Dr mn
tletn Of ne population was In cites; IN 1870 more
than oue-fiitA. steam destroys the natural dill
cultes OF communication; but those very dif1cul-
ties barriers against INVASION and protect the
independence OF eacn little community, the true
foundation OF our free republican system. In New
England the characteristic village and local lie OF
the last century persnes IN the age OF steam.
Meanwhile tine enormous accumulation of capital
engaged In great enterprises, with unscrupuloua
greed OF power, constantly ends 10 make Itself lelt
Ia the corruption OF the press which mouids pubic
opinion, and Of the Legislature when makes tne
laws. Ihus steam ana the telegraph tend 10 me
concentration oil capital ana tue consolidation OF
political power 4 tendency which threatens
liberty, and wnlch was wholly unknown
nr'y years ago sweet Liberty is a mountain
nympn, because mountains battle the pnrsuer.
ninilate space alarm that gracious spirit, who
sees her greater insecurity. But stay, heaven:
j wills snail be tiny lnvnciole Alps, loyal hearts
thy secret bower TIE spirit Of our iataers cin
\ pierce no. any Toe can scale
4 But the most formidable problem for popular
III
4 century presents springs from source winch
was uGsuapecteu a hundred years ago. ana WHICH
the orators OF 1lty years siuce loroors 10 name.
This was The system OF Save labor when vanished
In civil war. But slavery had not been The latal
eV ass naa % Il hods rs
still IN mortmain Its DEAD hand Is strong az
It's living power was terrible. Emancipation has
lett the Republic exposed TO new and extra0r.
binary trial OF tue principles ana practices OF
Tree government. CIVILIZATION resting upon
slavery as formerly IN part OF The country. how.
ever polished ana ornate, IL necessarily arlsto
cratic and hostile TO republican equality, whlle the
exgences OF such society forbid that universal
education which IL Indispensable TO wise popular
government. When war emanclpates the savei
and makes mem equal CITIZENS, the ignorance anO
venalty which are cue fatal legacles oil slavery 10
tho subject class whether wnite or black, aud
the natural alienation or the master class,
winch alone has political knowledge ana ex.
perlence, with all the secret conspracles.
the reckless corruption, the political knaveTy,
sprIngng naturally from such situation
I aud euding often IN menacing disorder that
i seems 10 invite the military interference and
4 supervision Of the goyernment-aH this accumu-
i Iation OF difficulty aud danger lays strain along
the very fibre Tree INSTITUTIONS. For It suggesti
\ the twoioid question whether the vast addition
oil the ignorance OF the em 4nclpated vote
TO that OF the immigrant vote may not
overwnelm the Inleiigent vote vi The country,
anu whether the constant appeal TO the central
mana OF power however necessary 1t may seem,
aud Tor Whatever reason OF humanity and justice
II NAV tie urged, must not necessarily destroy
that local seI-rellance waIch was the very seed oil
the American Republic and fatally iamlilarlze me
country with that employment 81 military power
wnieh is inconsistent with Tree nstitutions, and
bold resistance 10 wnicn has forever consecrated
sIT sp1 gu nme ~ no mara onvtoua chanoas IN
- a. a. nc panrnltc "a 70 10
maintained. mention them merely; out every
wise patript gees ana pondeTs hem. Does no
therefore uespondf Heaven forbid When was
there ever on auspiciOus day Tor humanity tnaI
was not one OF dOuos aud oil cOndlctY Inc ROBUST
moral mannCod OF America conironts the luture
VITA steaafast iaIth ana indomitaole Will. raising
the ola battle cry Oi the race Tor surer law anu
larger liberty. 10 sees clouds, indeed, as sam
Adams saw fhem when ta!s day dawued. But
with MN it sees through and through them, and
with him thanks God the glorious morning.
Thefe Is, indeed, fashion OF sceptlcIsm oil Anerl.
can principles even among some Americans,
out It is one OF the Oldest aud worst fashions
our history. There 10 cyntcism whlon
IUndly ancles that IN its beginning the American
Republic moved proudly toward the future with
all the splendid assurance VI the Persian Aerxes
descending on the shores OF Greece, but tnht nc
sits to-day among shattered hopes, IKE Aerxea
ABOVE Ms shifs at Sdlanis. And when was lnia
GOLDEN age Was II when Jonn Adams Appealed
from the Daseness Of his own time TO tne greater