davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27
Tile FRENCH REPN1HIC.

When Louis Philippe was warned, twenty
seven years ago this week, that there was
imminent danger of an insurrectiOn around
the Tuileries, he smiled in that superior way
40 natural to the great, and said: IL know
"my Parisians They do not make revolutions
Gin February Before the month ended, how
ever, he was on his way to England with his
carpet-bag, and an improvlsed Republic was in
possession of France. Once more the month
of February has been fatal to the monarchy
in that country and auspiciOus to republican
government. The Republic has been formally
and definitely constituted by an almost two
thirds vote of the Assembly, which included
every section of the Republican party and the
most valuable and substantial portion of the
Conservatives. The Legtimists and the I'm
perialists, the representatives of feudalism and
the lobbyists of the BOnaDarte family, stOutly
opposed this desirable consummation, and it
is certainly good omen that it was accom-
plshed without their aid. There is mildew
in the contact of the first, and the taint
of corruption in every measure of the latter
faction Those of us who have hoped for
some such result through four years of good
and evil report have right to some feeling
public opinion has rarely won more remark
able triumph. 1t has made itself felt even
upon this Assembly, which seemed utterly
incorrigible. The first manifestation of this
action was on the 30th of January, when the
clause formally recognizing the Republic was
approved by majority of one, in the midst
of great agitation and against the real hOstil-
ity of the President and his Cabinet. This
slight advantage seemed a few days later to
have been lost, and nothing but dissolution
appeared practicable to break the deadlock
between the Assembly and the country. But
this reaction was only mOmentary. The
course of events was all in favor of the Re-
public, and on Wednesday this same clause
was finally adopted by vote of 433 to 262.
The wittcism of the Bonapartists on the last
day of January, "There is but one voice for
"the Republic" is likely to become sober
truth on the last of February.
The completeness and the regularity of the
proceedings by which this result was reached are
enough to compensate for all the disappoint-
ment and impatience with which the Repub-
licans have regarded the preliminary stages of
the Constitutional work. In four years of
struggle they have learned many things which
cannot fail to be of use to them in the future.
The good effect of this teaching has been re-
markably shown during the last week. They
have exhibited a spirit of discipline and COM
promise superior, We venture to say, to that
existing in any other parliamentary organiza-
ton on the continent of Europe, and fully
equal to that upon which the party leaders
are able to count here and in England. Once
they were beguiled for moment from the
straight path by the proposition of the Bona
partists to elect the Senate by universal suf-
frage but they made even that lapse means
Of grace BY their prompt recovery from 1t.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27
LILLE CHURCH CALAMIIY.

The arrest of the proprietor OF the Duane
st. building which feh upon st. Andrews
Church is a fair illustration of the spasmodic
and irrational way in which we now and
then attempt to protect the lives OF the pub
lie. A house topples down. and after ciamor-
ing during a few days for some new and
preposterous building law, we forget all
about the accident and do nothing. A steam
boat explodes or a railway train punSes into
the river, and we fuss and fume until an
engineer is arrested and bailed or hagman
runs away, when we straightway dismiss the
whole subject from our minds. We shall not
prejudge the action of the cOrOner's inquest
which is to investigate this newest calamity
but it will be contrary to all precedent ID 1t
do not neglect the greater wrong and vent It's
energy upon some lesser abuse of ignorance
or want of care. 1t may not be out OF place
considering how little coroners jurles have
accomplished hitherto, if we suggest few
points that deserve particular attention.
The fire in Shaws crockery warehouse oc-
Cured on the 12th of January, forty-fOur days
ago. We have officials whose duty it ia to
know when wall is unsafe, and to cause II
to be Immediately strengthened or taken
down. Yet the shell of this burned
out building was allowed to TOT
ter above the heads of the crowds
Of worshipers in the church for more than
six weeks. 1t seems that orders were given
to repair it. The duty of the civil function
aries however was not merely to give com
mands but to enforce them They have
abundant power to carry ont their own orders.
The coroner's jury will do well to inquire,
therefore, not merely whether MIR. Shaw was
at fault, but what public officers were respon-
sible for this objectionable six weeks delay.
But after all, the immediate cause of most
of the injuries to persons was not the falling
bricks, but the panic. And the church was so
constructed that in case of panic among the
CONGREGATION q calamity of this sort was una
voidable. Narrow doors, stiff bolts, steep and
winding stairways, contracted vestibules, -
these were the contrivances by which the arch
itect had managed to obstruct the egress OF a
crowd. And st. Andrews Church is no worse
than scores of others. The law makes elabO-
rate provision for the safety OF audiences In
tbeaters: but churches are left pretty much
to the caprice of their builders, as if panlcs
could never occur in house OF prayer. II
does not need falling wall to bring on such
catastrophe. The cracking oil bench
has been known to produce scene OF
terror and confusion hardly less awful than
that of Thursday night. During this season
many Of the denominations have special SER
vices, and the Catholic churches are packed to
their utmost capacity several times every week
for they all have evening sermons in Lent be-
sides the regular offices of Sunday. May it
not be well to inquire how many of these edi-
fees are traps from which in case of confusion
there would be great difficulty in escaplngf
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

which it is surrounded and pervaded. II this
evil can be removed by the measures now
proposed the whole world will have reason to
be grateful. 1t is, indeed. intimated that the
Government is more anxious to have the hero
of Sicily engaged upon something which will
keep him out of politics than to improve the
Tiber or reclaim the Campagna. But it Is not
likely that the engineers and capitalists in
terested in the matter are all accomplices in
this derisory plan. They have no such fear
of this magnanimous spirit that they should
join in the work of setting him to twisting
ropes of sand, as the wizard Michael Scott
employed potent familiar whom he had in
cautiously raised 1t is, in all probability
serious enterprise, and deserves practical con-
sideratiOn.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

The plumber is still ravagng the finest streets Of
New-York, and avenues are obstructed BY his blaz-
ing fires and the chaotic piles Of earth and paving
stones which he has thrown up on sidewalk and
roadway. Meanwhile every householder who is
fortunate enough to have any Croton water.
has been trying for weeks past, to keep his
supply by letting it run all night, and the
consequence is such a sinking in the reservoir
that the whole city is reduced to half an allowance
On Murray Hill, water can hardly be obtained
above the basement first foor and very few
houses anywhere can get drop on the third
floor. All this is the result of cheap build
ing. The supply pipes laid too near the surface.
and it is q significant fact that wherever, owing
either to the position of the mains the nature of
the SOIL it has been usual for builders and plumbers
to go rather DEEPER there has been very little an
noyance On Thrd-ave.. for instance-at least the
lower mile and half Of it-few supply pipes have
been frozen, although on all the streets near
that avenue the trouble has been severe and lnces-
sant Tenants about renewing their leases viii do
we'll to require their landlords to sink tho water
pipes beyond the reach Of any possible frost We
have never had such Winter as this, to be suce:
but how do we know that we shall not have another
next year
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

that there Is not more delicate work in the
world than the examination. either direct or
cross, of witness. A single thoughtess in.
terrOgatOry may bring ruinous answer. In
moment careless question may do for the
other side what the judge and the law would
not do for it, and may get fact to the jury
which the jury should know nothing about.
After this exceptions are useless No judge
can rule out completely what is al
ready in. Again, it may be curi-
Ous to notice how crOss-examinatiOa
may be pushed too far and We once heard an
old and eminent lawyer admit that in tho
course of his long practice he had probably
lost more than he bad gained by cross-ques-
tioniDg. In reading the report Of q trial 1t Is
a capital study to watch the ways of counsel.
to mark the slips, to observe the efforts made
to retrieve mistakes, and to see with what
alacrity and presence of mind the other side
may take advantage of them. Often this is
more interesting than a battle of chess played
by two masters of that noble game.
The careless reader Of judicial report soes
often that questions are objected to, and are
sometimes admitted and sometimes ruled out.
Without any knowledge of the law, he will
", III
dorstand the nature of the objection and Of
the decision. If he continues to read thought
fully, he will soon comprehend the general
drift of the law governing evidence. and viii
see why this is allowed and that rejected. He
will see what facts are germanc to the case.
either so originally or made so by the act OF
either party, and what is the best evidence Of
such facts, and what is really no evidence at
all. He will mark the Court determining
whether this fact is Of itself OF Importance,
and whether, if so, it is of such Importance,
or of such nature, or so susceptible OF thor
ough proof that it may be admitted without
wrong to the other party. But we do not
propose to 90 particularly into the subject OF
evidence 1t is sufficient for us here to
suggest the ease with which our minds
may be misled; the facility with whlob
we may consider that proven which
is not proven at all, or only half 80;
the obliquity of prejudiced witnesses, the
untrustworthiness of the swift, the blum
dering, though not necessarily wicked testi-
mony of the stupid. and the aggravating heal
fancy of the overcatious. All this is repeated
in the ordinary, everyday course of our lives.
| All about us men are lying, prevaricating,
garbling, misrepresenting, putting us OF with
half the truth, or trying the most impudent
| experiments upon our credulity. Weary OF
this, some men grow preternaturally sharp
and believe nothing. Others become so diff
cult to convince that no wise one attempts to
convince them. Then there are the good, easy
going creatures who accept every story Hntll
another is told them; and finally there are the
hopelessly muddled who beg you to help them
| to a conclusion, which they keep until some
body else is good enough to reverse it for
them. We should be very sorry to think that
many of our readers have read considerable
| portion of our recent columns to so little pur-
pose.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

We congratulate the President on the good
sense shown in his decision not to summon an
extra session of Congress. From his point of
view the reasons for his course are plain
enough. This Congress has given him very
little comfort, in the way of Force bills, Re-
construction acts. or anything else, and the
next is sure to give him less. From the point
of view of the public the reasons for APPROX
ing his course are equally plain. The next Con-
gress is made up of an Administration Senate
and an Opposition House The country needs an
enormous reduction of expenditures, stop
page of untimely public improvements, and
some practical measures for return to specie
payments. A Congress of discordant bOuses
if called in the midst of the excitement
aroused by the recklessness of the majority IN
the present one, is reasonably certain to
agree upon nothing practical in the direction
of either of these ends. Anything else it would
do, the country is probably better off without.
Additions to its plethorie Statute Book are
not what we mostly need. There will
be Investigations enough when the House
comes together at the regular time
the only serious danger in delay lying proba-
bly, in the possibility of further performances
like the recent incendiary fires in the Navy
Department. But great deal of the evidence
of the monstrous cOrruptions which have dis
graced us during the past six years is luckily
not in a form to be burned up by anybody
On the whole, then, whether we consider the
Presidents reasons or the publics reasons, we
see only occasion for cOngratulating Gen.
Grant upon his excellent decision. When we
are fairly rid of this Congress, we can afford
to wait till the regular time for the next.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27
GARJB1LDI AT YORK AGAIN.

The letter from Gen. Garibald to The
TRIBUNE which we publish this morning makes
an appeal somewhat different from any to
which the world has yet listened from that
great soldier and patriot. Believing with
Milton that "peace hath her victories not less
renowned than war; the liberatOr of Italy
calls for financial aid for colossal engineer
ing enterprise into which he has thrown all
the energy and enthusiasm of his nature. He
proposes no less an object than to change the
course and improve the navigation of the
Tiber, and to redeem the Roman Campagna,
which has been for centuries the terror and
the delight of tourists, the favorite haunt of
painters and fevers. A letter from cOrre-
spondent in Rome gives full details of this
enormous undertaking, from which our read
crs may form some idea OF its feasibility, and
of the desrability of the bonds which are to
be issued to defray the expenses of the work.
If, as is now anticipated, the Italian Govern
ment guarantees the payment of the interest
upon them, those who subscribe for them may
have the double qualification Of getting their
money back and of assisting in work Of
worldwide interest and utility.
forever be one OF the most cherished homes
Of Die human intelligence. Its population
will always be cosmopolitan as long as learn
ing and art have any power over the minds of
men. The one chief drawback to the pleasure
and profit Of pilgrimage to this shrine of
hiatnvv haa hifl,orfo baar Tho ,,aIo 20 ..:tl.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27
TRIPLE SH f E 7

It's reported that NJ Buffet has declined to form
ministry IN France =- No complete settlement OF
the Virginius claims has yet been EFF cIed e The
steamship Hong Kong frcmLondOn for Japan, has foun
dered six lives are known to be lost,
In the Senate, the House Tax and Tariff bill was
placed on the calendar, the Finance Committee
nouncipg that they equally divided upon it. The
Civil Rights bill came up for q debate which was
tended into evening session. 80 Tho Sundry Civh
bill considered In the House during
the day evening session was devoted TO debate on
the Force bill The President stated at Cabinet
meeting that there would be no extra session of Con-
eress whether the appropriation bills pending were
passed or not,
The annual report OF theEPeDnsylvania Railroad Com
psny states The net earnings Of all it's lines at $685.
705 81. The State Treasurer aud Auditor OF West
Virginia are to impeached for mssdmnistratlon and
high Grimes In Office The Legislature adjourned to
meet at Wheeling in November 60 Damage by
food is reported from the Schuyg and JuDiata Rivers
ln Pennsylvania. the Naugatuck River In Con-
Dectlcut, and the HolstOn and Hlawassee Rivers
in East Tennessee. - The Executive Board Of the
Miners and Laborers Benevolent Association have de-
cdcd demand advance IN wages OF 81 cents over
those of 1874 Three coal shafts near Brazil. Ind,
were burned by striking miners. - Judge McKeon
has ordered Brigham Young to pay 5000 attorneys
fees almODy pending the trial OF the divorce
suit brought by his wife Ann Eliza.
In the BeecherTilton trial Mr. Tracy continued his
opening for the defense. Several serious marine
accidents Oh account OF the fog we're reported -.
steps toward investigating the disaster at St. Andrews
Church were taken. Important changes were
made in the Police Department. - murder took
place from quarrel about a small sum OF money. 80
Thermometer 35o 80, $50. Gold, 1l44, 114a. 11ls
Gold value OF The iegaender dollar at the close 81 l5
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27
BUSINESS Ncures.

GENERAL ACCIDENT Policies BY THE MONTH
on YgAR-TRAvELEKS LIFs AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE. Co.
THERE are several SCALES 100 feet long on
the PenufSnia X H. 25 old built at the Phla Scale Works
Public Speakers and Singers will find
Bxowss beneficial cleaning the voice before
speaking Sngpg aud relieving The throat after ereron Of the
organs For Coughs aud Colds the Oches efectus
WILBOR'S COD LIVER OIL AND LIME.-PersOns
taking Liver Oil will be pleased learn that Dr.
from directions professional gentlemen
cobun9 the oil in such that plesssnt
10 complaints tuv wonderful Very
whose pronounced hope and who had taken
without marked effect have been entirely
cured Mann
fsctured WiLBoR Chemist Sold bT all drugg
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

Eighteen thousand dollars worth Of indem-
nifty ought not to go very far toward assuaging
the grief of the relatives of all the Americans
who were murdered by Gen. Burriel. How
ever, this concession is likely to be made, and
it is substantial enough to form basis of
settlement between our Government and that
of Spain. If the money is ever paid-the
Spanish Government has not the reputation of
being very punctilious in this respective may
congratulate ourselves upon our not coming
OF any worse.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

Our Albany correspondence shows that while
the Legislature was slow in getting to work,
it has been by no means so idle as has been
sbszged II appears from this report that
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27
amusemenis ano Aleetinss.

AcApsmY OF Music" Die Fledormaus"
RARxuns ROMAN HIPPoDRoME-At 2So ana AZ D.
Rooru.s THEATgR.-At 1880 and 8: "Henry ""
DAYS FIFTH AvKNUe THEATRR.-At 1850 and u "Ihe
Big BoDsDss."
LycEun rHsATER-At l:so and s. "sweethearts ana
wIves" Tooo.
oLYxrrc THEArKR-Ata and 8: Variety Performance
PARK THEArER.-At 80 and 8: Girofe Girofa-"
SAN FRANCISCO MrNsrREIs.-At aud 8: Birch ana wan
bold.
UNION SQUARE rHEArER.-At 80 and 8: "Tae Two Or
phans." 81,
vIIIAoK,sT 30 and 8: " The shaughraun"
Dion Boucioauit.
ASSOCIATION HAIL-Grand Performance.
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF Observation-Disclosures OF water
Color Society. . =.
RopmsoS HAlI-At and 8: " Begone Dull Care" Mr..
Maccabe.
erpuwIy HAII-Lecture. Mr. De Cordova
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

The continuation yesterday of Mr.. Tracy's
opening for the defense in the Beecher trial
followed the same line of policy which has
already been indicated. 1t is to be an attack
all along the line, an effort to establish con-
spiracy between Tilton and MOultOn. an utter
defiance of Bowen, and an explanation of
Mr.. Beecher's extraordinary relations to the
case, so ingeniously put that those who de-
pended on this speech only for their knowl'
edge of the case would wonder how anybody
could have ever attached the least Importance
to the charges. Professional men will read
with especial interest Mr.. Tracy's vindication
of himself from the charge of having been
engaged on both sides Of the case, and the
whole speech will provoke even wider atten-
ton than any previous part Of the great
trial.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

The report of the Committee of Ways and
Means in the matter of the Pacific Mail
Subsidy goes about as far as their
investigation of the subject went
The recommendations made are judicious,
but perhaps the one most likely to be
productive of good results is that which
provides that the Clerk of the House
shall certify the facts so far elected to the
next Congress, in order that the investigation
may be further pursued.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

There is little prospect of the caucus Force
bill becoming a law. 1t is likely that it will
be either talked to death or amended beyond
the possibility of recognition.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

several highly important laws have been
enacted, (among them two of the Reform
series Of three recommended by Gov. Tilden
in his message), while others are being nodded
into proper form, and the work of the COM
mittees is we'll advanced. In all, eighty six
bills have been passed in the Assembly and
twenty-five in the Senate. 1t is too soon to
condemn the Legislature; here is a fair record
for industry at least.
New-York tribune., 1875-02-27

If the adoption of the Wheeler compromise
ia followed by the election of Collector Casey,
one of the brothers, -in-law Of the President,
to the United States Senate, as is indicated
in Washington dispatches, the President will
find it hard to give any satisfactory reasons
for his sudden conversion to the support OF
that compromise. But if his conversion Is
followed also by the removal of Marshal Pack
ard we shall have fresh illustration OF the
truth of the familiar saying that there is no
evil unmixed with good. Nothing would ex-
cuse the Presidents share in political trick
to make his brother-in-law Senator; but the
transfer of Casey to new field of the public
service and the retirement of Packard to the
shades of private life would remove two OF
the most mischievous elements from the vexa-
tious Louisiana case.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1875-08-13

The Burlington Hasokeye saws:
Iowa politics favored the citizens of
Burlington with quite an amusing
and perfectly innocent little tableau
yesterday noon. The Hon. Shep:
herd Letter, Decorate candidate for
Governor was standing on Valley
street, near Main, discussing the issu-
es with three interested and cnthu-
siastic citizens. Mr.. LETTER, as he
talked was leaning up against the
great bulletin of Hart & Ryman's
minstrels: right behind him, in a
great panel, was life-size wood-cut
of a grinning darky, and as the head
ofthe Democratic ticket gesturcd and
shook his head in the vehemence of
his earnest but low-toned utterance,
the smiling negro on the post held
over Mr.. Letter large card bear
ing the significant words "Come and
see me-" The novel spectacle at
tracted the attention of group of
citizens on the opposite side of the
street, and as one man after another
came along and wanted to knew
what the fun was, quite crowd col
lected at the United States Express
Office ana enjoyed the fun. Mr.. Left
Ter himself would have smiled, could
he have seen how the African wood
cut was grimly avenging the race it
represented for Shepherd Letters
vote on the fugitive slave law and
his Cascade speech.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1875-08-13

A dispatch from Cheyenne, of Aug,
10th, says that Generals Cook and
Stanton have arrived at that poin,
from the Black Hills and report the
gold mountains full of quartz. Cap
ital and skilled labor will develop
mines equal to Colorado or Nevada
There was about 1900 miners in the
hills; no Indians in that region, bu,
those at the reservation demand the
miners be driven out. Gold was
panned out in the presence of the par
ty which yielded Is cents to a pan
There is plenty of grass and water
also timber for building. A town
called Stonewall has been laid out on
Custar's gulch and rich diggings arc
located in that vicinity. The whole
country is well adapted to grazing
and farming. The troops have es-
tablished post near Custar's gulch
to keep miners out of the hills.
This is roscate picture, but pru-
dent people before sacrificing present
possessions, ease and comfort to start
upon pilgrimage to the new Ophir,
will wait Tor confirmation ofthe re-
ports.