Ottumwa weekly courier. (Ottumwa, Wapello County, Iowa) 1872-1899, 1875-01-07
.THE oEsPor OF TODAY.

vels Of telegraph, and the rapid improve
'nent made in tho past few years in the art
of transmitting messages over the wire; and
as the science has now become one Of the
essential elem ents Of our modern civilization,
i is subject which must interest every
man, woman and child in tho United
States. 8 go M E
II is well known that many years ago a
German savan discovered that two messages
,o'ld be transmitted simultaneously over
same wire. II was long tinc before
- xondestu' discovery was turned 10
accosnt, but 70 an American, Mr..
w eioussshe credit OF having over
come the saturalS dln.ult;e. in the vav
and in both us counsss sod (,,,.. R,;,,;n.
Stearns' duplex iustrumeStss !. 80 =,
which two messages may bc seat - n,.;,.
directions more rapidly than ons =
transmitted singly. This was grand
coyery, and one TO which the public not nn-
naturally looked as the commencement Of
= new era, not in tho science Of telegraphy
alone, but In that still more complex sci.
euce Of economy. mother words, tho long
suffering public, reasoning upon the reouceo
cost Of transmitting messages, looked 70 .
reduction In the charges OF the telegraph
How they were disappointed
Is matter OF history.
ot'ii 'ursaet experiments MACS wi'nin tne
iist ~. s'1 months nave oeseiopeo tne as'oono-
can 6t IN naturai magic tnas louf messages
two amp spt over single wire IS readily %
ones can bsS through messages and local
-. .no.h.r os without interfering With
for ;n.,.nce ,ne.s6se 6e same wire. While,
neo,.lv erehanoed hst are being stmulsa-
york ,wo mo,s c.n b.s 90 Boston and New
w;,. h.tw..r pos,o, .na on the sans
,,,,-.., w.-.,.,.- -. g. -cester two
o.-,e,, Neld, and
yaven
~" -' AaA = - es"s ' ,te
au0 u''''"e' ''e'sAse. s'o's'ns NM ie'ios- lss
'ns on ono ~lre - 'ne sane n'0"en' =
"me'
ine readet ID more or less familiar VIII
the story oi telegraphlng music. This
no mere night OF iancy' out an aetual fac'
Il Tue waves o' souno proceeding rom 10
human voice. or some VINO or stringeo 10
| strument, is made to strike upon resonat
surf.co nLo tho hood ,f . ,,r,,, .ho v;hr.
lions nav he made 70 omen and c,ose a
electric circu;, or the strings Of an instru
mept NAV be mare 70 parform the sam
,ervice Iftbo ;mnu,ses are receivad uno
The str;nos of .notber ;ns,rrment IN ba,
,,o,v ,;,h ~. s,.t .ho ro,.. ,o, ho ,.o,,
m;tted. Tbs notes NAV renre.ent The let..,
~ tho a,nbabet and zach orera,or can ..n
three ,;mos "a MANY messa oes an honr a. h
the ordin.rv MORSE tran,mitter. The vork
,ne capacitv Of the line can thu. be sno,
rous,v increased without interrunt,or
~ Whsasstoue,s automatic in.trnmen
| 10. 900 words an hour have been transmit
| ted. or over six solid minion columns OF IN
Chicago Tribune. One column Of th
| Tribune, or l.50O words, have frequentl
been sent between Washington and Ne'
York in one minute. This seems almot
fabulous, but It 10 . fact for all that.
In addition to this, messages from Bosto
s~a = @ =. = ,.,n;.,.5 hv no,;. rs,,s.,sr
;n..a,a &c ona,.,or. .,v,n. a. eno,ro,
ann ma ;,sn,;no .rsater accnrocv Els,
yoor..eo conn.ro,;velv lit,,a u.e WAS mar
# the te,e,rapb Now the business is 4
.adv great and the rush at night h,
caused the establishment of half.rate
With all these vast improvements in Il
apparatus, and the marvellous develops
ments of the latent powers Of the tell
graph, there has come an enormous redu'
ion in tie cost Of transmitting dispatche
This 10 matter of course. In 1867
cost the Western Union Telegraph Con
uany q 600 600 to send s 600 900 mes,
,ges; 10 1874 it cost $e,755,0 900 to ser
| ie 900 900 messages, 900 per cent. il
crease Of business, with less than rs p
,en. increase Of expenses.
| Itworld naturally be supposed that Il
| charges had been lowered in something III
proportion TO these wonderful figures. bu
unfortunately. though there has been
,lisht average reduction. the rates fro
| New York Pittsburg. Cincinnati. Cbicap
New Haven Snringf;.ld and other lar
cities are actually b;ober than thew were
,o,.
1901. between lineage ano New Aor
JARED A as-1ek cents 4 word Cor
..,. ,h;. ,;,h .hs ,.,e. ~ f,.s.. p,;,.,
r-or, Iara,. rna n co,nv.lI 70 Ki,
wall q scotland . a;.,ance of zoo m;l..
..lso,.rh a;.na,ch of twenty vords cos. 4
shilling. From Cork. in Ireland to 10
don Ed;nbnro Norvicb York .pvwhe,
l t S.' - -"