, 1875-03-31

'eFe'f per
Marin 5 $50 Id a 1900 g Il lbs i n te ggg5 SS s}m3. s@75
81 Biv pierre s.so 3 S0oo " $ g." /" $4,000 0,0S 50 So ~ 953
Petit B9pFs 5 59S " e " q a 4dSoo5 g s.. $50 5sS
which show that the cost of a Central
Factory pr. hid. decreases considerably
in proportion to its being erected on a lar
ger scale {; they show that, while the cost
of a Factory arranged for making 1900
hhds. is about S113 pr. lind. it is only $50
for one which can make 5000 hhds., and
for one arranged for making G6OO hhds.
merely $50. From these figures it is then
evident that the smaller establishment re-
quires, proportionately, a heavier outlay in
the investment of capital than the larger
one, and common sense would therefore
lead capitalists to unite into one enterprise
instead of entering into several, thereby
obeying a law long ~well-known to prac-
teal and experienced men. Let US
now apply this rule to our island
with its average Crop of 10000 hhds.
which, under the factory system would be
increased to at least $4,000 hhds. Sup
pose FIVE separate works were established,
each at a cost of $40 ,OO0-like the Petit
Bourg Factorv-with a capacity of 5000
bids. each. The capital invested in works
would in this case be $l,200,000. But
if We suppose 2 works erected, each with
a capacity of $500 hhdS. and costing $50
pr. hid. Oike the Lareiuty Factory, there
would only be required q capital Of
5000, 900, giving a saving of $50, 900 in
.-..1 .,-,,o.A ,I,C, Tpar1 oon horlIu
be any doubt that a man who was in pos
session of a certain capital would invest
this much more proftably in a large and
universal Factory than in a partial and
smaller concern solely on the ground that
the larger capital will be much more pro-
ductive in proportion than the smaller one.
But there is another and stronger reason for
establishing large, universal factories, in
stead ofsmaIl, partial concerns. Suppose,
as we had it above, that 5 small indepen-
dent factories were erected, each of which
would have its separate staff Of mechanics
aud chemists, its bookkeeper etc. etc., not
to speak of the whole force of specially
trained labourers. Let US, by way of
example, take the man who attends to the
vacuum pan, o man who, on account of
the experience which the proper manage
ment of this apparatus requires, must be
we'll paid presumably not less than $4,000.
Now let it be borne in mind that each of
the small factories must have 2 of these
men at least, in order to have one in re-
serve, and in order to work day and night,
and there would thus be required for this
class of functionaries alone a sum of not
less, probably, han 100000, while the 2
large factories-which we suppose erected
for the whole island-having only 4 or s
such men would use at the outside SOM
$4,000. In the same manner all other
expenses would be proportionately less for
the larger factories. And how would
the small establishments get their
repairs done9 They would not, un-
less they united expressly for the pur-
pose, be able to get up a machine
shop in which such repairs could be made.
If any one, in spite Of what is here
advanced, and much more that might be
detailed in favor of large establishments,
still thinks that he would do better In
applying his capital in a small work of his
own, being under the impression that he