The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-10-03
THE PHILADELPHIA CENTENNIAL.
What an Enlightened Monarch Has
Done for His Subjects.
A DIAMOND PRODUCING COUNTRY

spend some time IN THIS country and IN Europe Amer-
cans will be glad to welcome him. both for the sake of
old recolections and present friendship. Brazil is
well ordered and progressive State and to this result
the personal conduct the Sovereign has certainly
contributed. Our commercial relations with the EN-
pre not large they ought TO be, yet they
quite extensive We import fully one half the coffee
produced in that country, and Brazians good
| toners for American productions Their political in
sttutions though monarchica considerably tinged
with democratic ideas, the recent abolition of
| slavery in the Empire adds to their claims to
teen. Dom Pedro will be present at the Centennial
celebration in Philadelphia and this fact alone will
make him most welcome guest 1t will not DO
forgotten that Baron de Itajuba the Brazilian MIN
| lister at Berlin, of the arbitrator who at
| Geneva decided the Alabama claims and that he was
appointed to that important post by the Emperor The
United States government took early occasion, after
the abors of the arbitrator we're finished to express
its high of the learning impartiay and dignity
with which the Baron performed his part and made
otherwise a suitable recognition of his services There
can be doubt that the people and government of the
United States will extend to the Emperor who dis
tinguished by the enlightenment and berality of his
views during his stay among us every kindly courtesy
in their power.
| SKETCH PEDRO.
Dom Pedro is now about fifty years old. He
ceeded TO the throne in 1881 the abdcaton oil his
father who returned Europe the expectation
of being accepted King OF Portugal The Emperor is
tall, well formed and is remarkably fine looking man.
He is of dgned presence most aable and without the
least parade which he heartily detests He adds to the
solid things of sound scholarship admirable good sense
and capacity. In the exploration of the Amazon and
other districts by Agassz he took personal interest
and he Is especially devoted to comparative grammar
and phlology He speaks English with ease
He has done much to elevate his people
and develop the resources OF the Empire. 1t
is said he is accomplishing for Brazil
what Peter the Great accomplished for Russia His
is constantly exerted for the benefit his SUBJ
jecs He has given the country system of railroads
which, though not yet worked out, will in time nev-
tably make Brazil commercial land. He has en-
couraged and aided the development steam naviga
ton at suitable points along its coast line.
He has stimulated the culture of coffee the
growth of cotton and sugar cane and has wisely re-
pressed the excessive thirst for gold mining
which has been the of Spanish colonizations He
has cordially invited the immigration of citizens from
countries nursed in the ideas OF liberty. He has
deavored to systematic and inland commerce
through its mighty rivers In word, he has alone
been the friend but the father of Brazilian progress
and reform, and it is not therefore, strange that he
regarded with great affection by his subjects
EMPERoRs FAMILY.
bella the Countess dEu living She styled the Prin
Imperial and expected to succeed the throne
in the of surviving her father She is childess
Her younger sister, Leopodine, who married TO
the Duke of SAKE Coburg, died o few years since,
leaving two children Her early demise caused the
deepest grief to her parents and it relief
by foreign travel the Emperor and Empress visited
Europe in 1871.
The matter Of succession is considered of
Importance in Brazil. The Count d'Eu, a grandson Of
Louis Philippe does not relish living South Ameri-
ca and his wife shares in this feeling Hopes have
been long entertained that Dom Pedro may yet have
male issue, but such expectation has almost been
abandoned In April 1879, the Princess Imperial and
her husband left Rio Tor Europe to be absent two years
II rumorcd at the time that finding dill
Guilty in having permission to go from APP
prehension of any accident to her fathers
| ife she declared that rather than remain
she would abdicate her right of succession in OF
nephews the children Of her late sister, that her
husband unwilling to return and reside in Brazil
and that she would prefer to remain with him in
Europe. Dom Pedro's family closely connected
with the reigning houses Of Great Britain Germany,
Sweden and Russia and also with the Bonapartes and
Bourbons.
| TRADE WITH UNITED STATES
! Brazil is the only monarchy in the New World II
embraces htns Of the great South American CONT
nent Its grand staples coffee, raw cotton and unre
fined sugar. The country is however, rich precious
metals and diamonds The expectation OF the latter is
about 81, 500 600 annually. The commercial relations
| Of the Empire with the United States might be in
creased fouriod with increased means of communica-
i ton between the countries. The United
offers the chief for Brazilian coffee which article
stands for onc-half the entire quantity exported We
send machinery, implements of kinds
and Yankee notions the consumption OF which is
/ greater and greater every year in the Empire. At
present direct mail communication is limited a
! month European vessels leave and arrive almost
daily SO that it is possible letter to New York
via England to its destination within the
taken by the American packets As long as this state
or things continues English French and German pro-
ducts will I'LL the Brazilian markets. though for many
articles there decided preference for imports
the United States
/ THE CENTENNIAL
The visit Of the Emperor TO the United States will
happen at period full OF interest. The Centennial Ex-
hibton in Philadelphia will be honorcd with his pres
ence and the productions Of Brazil WILL doubt be
fully represented At the Vienna Exhibition Brazil
held prominent position. The articles exposed
view comprised specimens sent from the different
provinces. In the machinery department there
observed steam engines sugar and other machinery
and coming apparatus from the mint Hun
dreds OF specimens OF woods for carpen-
try and cabinet wo h astes,eq s Inc endless
ceramic department were displayed vases, pans and
other vessels Of the native Kaon, found in the Rio
provinces, together with q collection of clay wares
painted after the Indian style Samples Of raw cotton,
from the seven cotton producing provinces, held
conspicuous place in the exhibition. Countless spec
of hbrous Materials suited for twine ropes and
fabrics furnished, most remarkable among
which white silky sample from Nina Geraes
derived from climber yielding three cuttings annu-
ally and which has been declared by competent judges
to DO worth three times the price Of fax for textile
purposes In tobacco, Of which there large and
varied display Bahia and Nina Gcraos took the pre-.
emnence Ceara, the great coffee bearing country Of
the north, represented by Mocha and fiat coffee In
the skin and handsome samples likewise shown
from Rio Pcrnambuco and other places The display OF
sugar, especially collection from Bahia comprising
| all the grades OF the plant left no room TO doubt
that Brazil well represented in this branch
Samples Of black aud green India Chinese tea bespoke
credtabe handling The culture ofths article has been
revived in the uplands where il finds genial soil and
climate Favorable specimens of the several cereaila
and arinn roots and plants were also on exhibition.
great pine tree from Parana measuring I'VE Ieet IN
diameter and 100 feet in height was sent IN ~ logs ana
was set up in the Vienna Exhibition building Win lss
branches and cones Altogether there were sent oo'
packages besides sacks and barrels OF sarsapari co
fee sugar cotton and tapioca, for distribution Brazil
will no doubt be well represented ~ rhauepna Us
tho United States have tho eject Of stimulating
his subjects to renewed energy IN TINS respect
TuR ABOLITION SLAVERY.
An event with which the reign Of Dom Pedro H. VIII
he mperishaby connected was the abolition of slavery
m. HrAnl In. nannAn rnA