The free citizen. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1875-10-16
FALL. SEEDING.

iect of fall seeding. flc said that i'll
bringing t@torc he club the results Of
his practice and observation on the sui |
icyt of fall seeding. he would cunlinr
himself merely To th"-c species ni' Nvyri:s- |
ton mos, allied to the Interests ui the |
farmer namely:
CEREAL, A>p GRASSES. There are
two species OF wheat in cultivation.
iutum liyhornum. or winter and 'iui; |
cum .l,,ivum. or spring wheat. 10 the
former Of these wc shall cun.inc our al
trltion. The preparation ni' he soil for
the reception of the seed Will Very much |
depend upon the preceding crop. In the
British Isles where til" crops follow each
other in systematic order, il usually |
follows a green crop. Very often, how
ever, there ~ here. il succeeds Il clover |
crop. In this ease. the lanI should he |
neatly plowCd 10 the depth Of six or /
eight inches tl,. >rrl >uwn broadcast !
and narrowed III. Il :: GoaG ~yci he'd /
can ru, IL, obtained iiiv hy~; rl:iu j. To
harrow down and SOW With Il dr;li across
'inr Zinc Of riowin"
USE OF LIME use rr limc ,o the
SOL ;lS y finale, 10 the preparatory culti-
v;,tion will hr found usu>i beneficial.
Lime enters into the constitution OF both
plants and animals, i; turm> :. large per
ccniage of the bones of man and beast,
and is found in no incrnSidcrabic proper
tion in the ashes of our cultivated
plants. The soil best suited TO wheat *
Il calcarcouls ioanl, and hence the import
ancc Of lime being present in the soil.
Lime acts chemically and mechanically
upon the soil. 1t tears asundcr the con-
s,i,ution of the soil and libcratcs plant
food. All plants rXcrctc matter dclrtcr-
ious in their system, which is continual
ly accumulating in the soil. In this
country, where the crop i consecutive
for Il number of wears, there is no mate
rial which can he more jutlicinusiv ap-'
piled to the soil than lime. \ short
time ago il WAS my good fortune to spend
an evening with Il friend, Il farmer in the
illinois bottom. In walking over the
farm my attention WAS arrested by Il crop
of winter cahk,gcS (in reality it was only
half crop.) On inquiry, found the
same crop to have been grown on the
same field for the past six or eight wears
On pulling up Il head of the cabbage
found the base of the stem cncircled with
a number of little nodes full of little in
sects, and the soil around the roots
mass of tungoid matter; maitormation
was the peculiar disease resulting from
the soil being sllrchargcd with this viru-
lellI nlIlltT, anu lime Is
the great preservative.
All soils are benefited by the applica-
tion Of time, even those formed from the
crumbing down of limestone rock, bu,
particularly aluninous and alluvial, and
tlose black praty looking soils So COM
mon among Us. Those soils naturally
contain large amount OF hunic ulmic,
'iic and fannie acids, which have the
operty Of preserving animal and vcge-
able matter irim decay. Lime neutral
yzes the acids and accclcratcs dccomposi-
"ton. Lime has Il great tendency tt.Sink
through the cracks and tisSurcs of the
earth, and hence il is generally scattered
broadcast and narrowed in.
BROADCAST SOWINti VERSUS DRILL
ING ETC.-Therc are four methods usu-
ally rcsortcd to in sowing wheat. viz:
Drilling, broadcast, ribbing and dibbling.
Drilling, us Il general rule, is most pre-
tcrablc hut | contend that when Il uni
tofm tilth and surface can be had. and
the seed scattered regularly. which is
always the case when the hands and feet
so i'll concert with each other, there is
no system So commcndablc as broadcast
sowing. First, because c;icIi seed has iii
allotted space to sustain itself, and see
ond, because the suns heat and air are
ing earlier maturity
The great .Jcthro Tull in nslituting
drill husbandry never contemplated uni
fornity depth so much is facility Of
operation between the drills in foul
land.
Wheat is an cxogcnous plant, and has
a great tendency to tillcr, arising from
the fact that the plumrle, as it .nearS the
embryo, becomes uilatcd and has lhc
property of pushing forth three or more
stems. As soon as the crown Of the
plant becomes firmly established il sends
forth number of surface roots. lcuviu.
the plant two distinct series of roots con-
nncct"d hya small pipc or tube. The
tormcr are known as corona and the lat
ter as seminal roofs, and these are direct
evidence thu; The Importance and ncccs-
sltN "t deep cultivation. IN the sc!c..-
tlon OF seed VIC are 10 be guided entirely
by soil and climate, but be- that n. il
may, one thing is certain, tha, The seed
should bc round and plump, with IL per.
fecty smooth skin and translucent color. !
PREPARATION Of SEED - Prior 10
sowing, the seed should he picked as an
nntldotc to smut, or red rust etc: some /
farmers who are too ignorant to believe
it or too Indifferent to try it, look upon
il rs a lIldicrous specific, but practical
demonstration has repeatedly subsian- !,
tiatcd the proof it. OF course there
have occurred and will occur exceptions.
incubation, for example, will not insure
immunity from plcura- pneumonia in
cattle, yet it has been found to arrest lis
ravages, and it is the very same in pick
ling wheat.