, 1875-02-13

tic t,s viz ootos' ironing aaa ther sro thoH ate-
proof
TSV0 ltUNnREn YEARS AGO.
A Memorable Year IN tho Anuais 81
New k1nalAHd.
From fhe Retton AHctrtfssT. ..
In the aunalh OF Now England tbs year 1G75 Ia
scarcely lens memorable ttan tho year 17T5. In
the summer Of tint earior yahs began that ito-
nnd-leath strngEln known iii our history Al Phil.
ip's nnr. At that timo tho united CulonioB Ut
Massachusetts,, Plymouth. and Cuuuccstont d'1l
not number more than 10000 inAabtAnls. It
tLofo wctn 40 many F; and tlEeso weto scattcrosi
through about a hundred ae!tEtmcftst fcpatatod
frutn one another by thick foraata, hut uouO at
tllon remote from tlie-nAter. 1t wah mot quito
furtY-iiYo years ainc0 Winthrop and hts asHoui.
ates hn,. fot,ndod Duston; and no rcacofn( 'lsd
Indians that lnegeasp Mather kays tho Ayst hood
ever shcd on the soil Of MAnsaell,ihottn.
lin = way Of hostility" wss III July, ln76,
about thruo woeka after tho beginning
hoverAl uf tho l',l'ab,tants u. sleudon. Almost
from tho FIRST atto'npta hna been ma1e TO civil.
'zo and Ciriatiai.izo the 1tdianB; tile Dlbln had
bccu translated fnto tho IId,an language, In
linn acltulafd had boou nlnitto to Harvard Col
lege and wiAo and Just lava laad boon onactod
for rugulatinR taa intercourse with tho l,ntiycs,
mud fur preventing tho acquisition Of thsir lauis
by Iasse aasentasess and .npcou1atote II thiuk
l. Edl ElAHrlR HAS% WCulG ktQFs HllahltH{ 1l l4Es
mou,l in May iG7G, g that before tilcas prcsont
troubles broke ont tho English did moi posscsB
nne foot Of iaMa III this eoitDy bit wbas was
fairly obtained by 1,onoat pnrclase Of tle lndian
propriet1iB." similar remark wDull probably
apply with nearly equal furco 10 tue ethor
! colonies
1t was under thesc circumstances that the war
van aoynn OH she 2UtA Of 5M,ie, 1875, Old Style,
| aud was waXed by tho hasuKes with roleu.less
! cruelty for moro than yoat, until 1t WIS virtu-
ally terminated by tho death Of Philip, on tho
12tn Of August, 1910, At Mount lfope, IN Rhode
IblRt,d. DufinG THIS period about G9 of tho colo
niAs wore Killed in batl!o or barIarollsly snnr-
| dorel wlilo others. like Airs. Row1andson, wifo
! Of tic minister OF LancaBsor, we're carried away
| to 8 captivity moro horrible than doatl. and
about ~ many buildings, mostly dwellinR-
llousos were burned. or tho Bott1omuutB In
| plymouth sud Massachusetts, about two
thirts woro moro or less darnaEed by tire, mud
] Of this nuinbor ton or twelYe wero totally de-
| atroyod and Hogo doaersod by thoir inhnbitnlIts.
| Even after tito loa.h Of Philip, tho war laatod
| for many mouths In tho Eastern bnLtlemonsB, in
what is now tho State OF Mime, saa there Il WIS
only terminated after many moro lives lad boon
BasrtcaA. 1t to these las4oa VIC add the expchs-
ca incurred in carryiuR on. tho war. we shall 10
ablo to form some fatnt idoa Of the dllticu}tioB
under Which tho mon of tint day laborcd In lay
| ing tho foundations OF t4eir Commonwealth. Iu
an oltiual letter, written III 1872 it IL stated that
tho disbursements for tho war amounted to moro
| than El00, ,00o and it has been estimated that
| tho debt Of plymouth Colony aaouo exceeded III
amount the whole value OF tile personal property
| Of its Inhabitants, The colo1stH shw rory oloAr
I iy t!,As iu that wnr thcro WAS no truce: they
| must either conquer or ba extcrminatatl.
It waB the fashion IN tho last generation to
[ sponk OF Philip Al reooHnlzod aorero'gu, as n
Mise and patriotic statesmant WHO, With prudent
forecast, aaw tho impending destruction Of his
| psop!o, or thcis swift expulsion from tie lomes
| OF their aacostors by the advancing tida Of En-
gsh colonization. Not thus did he soom to the
to those who atudy tha original aouruos
Of information. Or who endoavor to make
themselves acquainted viii, tue uuchaag-
iug elements Of tho Indian character.
snys l,o WAS naked pavo bis stockings and pair
Of short brooches and adds. i'll very intolliglbla
language, IN dolefu great, naked. dirty boast
he look'd like And tho most candid and best-
says: "The title Of King, which i haa beor
customary to attach To Lis namo, disguiaes and
transtiguros to tho view tho form Of = squalid
Havage, wloao palaoo was a sty; whose royal
robo was bear-skin or ooaree blanket, alive
with vermin WHO hardly knew, tho luxury of an
ablution; who Was often glad 10 appoaHe
appet,ts with food such as mon WHO arc
not starving loatho; and whoso n. t
which might be expected to be doVoloped from
tie ruau.al constitution Of hls rhce by such q
condition aud Buch habits al iife." There 10 No
evidence whatever TINT in ahrewdneas executive
capacity, or personal bravery, he was superior to
any Of the othor saohenas who took part LII the
war; and 1t is even a matter OF soms doubt
whether ho WAS himaolf present It any Of the
conflicts with the Engliah The war "ss in fact
general uprising OF the neighboring tribes, oi
Which phiIip's tribe, tho Wanpanosga, was mol
tho most powerful or the most Influential, aud
WAS inspired aud guided quito - much by othel
sachems Is it was by him.
It is understood to DO tho intention of the
| Tthode Ipanf TIiatnricat Aocfhty 1urinp tba 1urn