davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20

drought or heat. Medium-sized n,on,a
are best; tall, spindling plants are not -
good as low, stocky ones. The root ia oS
more consequence than the top. and looL
at this especially in selecting plants
good root will insure good top. Thor
oughly saturate the plant bed with water
before taking up, and remove the largest
plants first Improve cloudy, rajny days
TO transplant in. Six thousand nlants
per acre are sufficient.
The cut-worms frequently appear and
begin work few hours after the plants
are set and are very destructive. Care,
full hand picking is the only remedy. Go
over the field every morning thoroughly
and destroy every worm Their presence
can be detected by the fresh earth at
the root of the plant Some growers
claim that ashes or plaster are good 10
prevent their ravages. Their use can
do no harm, and will benefit the plant if
they do not injure or keep off the worms.
Cutworms are said to be more numerous
in land that has been plowed for several
years than in turf-land just turned under.
but we have known them to be bad in
all kinds of land. Occasionally they are
SO bad that the field must be abandoned
though this is seldom the case. When
the "chit" is all eaten out put a new
plant in place of it.; if plant is partial.
ly eaten transplant another by the side
of it, so that If the injured one dies the
new one will be coming on to take its
place.--Ohio Farmer
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
To Europe Through the Air.

THE Pal Mall Gazette says: An Amer
lean balloonist, by name Mr.. Donaldson,
has informed the Societe d'Aerostation,
of Paris, that within three or four months
he intends crossing the Atlantic, from
the United States to Europe, in a bal
loon measuring 10000 cubic meters
Mr.. Donaldson Is convinced that there
exists constant current of air i'm the
upper strata of the terrestrial atmos-
phere setting at that season from west to
east. He is undeterred by previous fail
ures, and has provided himself with cans
of Liebig's meat extract, life belts, blue
lights and rockets, carrier pigeons, bot
ties to contain floating messages, astro-
nomical instruments and flags, by means
of which he can signal to vessels near
which he may pass. He will probably
and the ballast in the balloon car will
Donaldson's own invention, which are
said to be in tin cylinders containing a
chemical substance which becomes in
flammable instantaneously upon contact
with water, and emits brilliant and long
lasting flame. As Mr.. Donaldson is
borne rapidly along eastward he will
drop these fire-pots into the sea every ten
minutes, so at night the whole horizon,
he expects, will be illuminated, and he
will leave fiery track behind him on
the Atlantic. The scheme sounds all
the more "big" one, as the recent voy-
age of the Zenith balloon, from Paris to
the neighborhood of Bordeaux, is the
longest on record, and only occupied
some sixteen hours. The balloonist
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
The Road to Divorce.

Are you about to marry man whom
you do not love, for his money, or his pc
sition, or for the sake Of home?
Beware: you are entering the road
which leads to divorce.
Are you going to marry a man whom
you do not love, because you are urged
to 1t by your parents and your friends
Beware: you are entering the road
which leads to divorce.
Are you going to marry one man while
you fondly love another?
Beware: you are on the road to divorce
Are you going to marry for spite-just
because you have quarreled with your
former beau, and, to "come up with
him." are willing to unite yourself to an
other?
Beware: you are entering the road
which leads to divorce.
Are you going to marry a man with
whom you have no sentiments in COM
mon, and whose tastes and wishes you
intend to disregard after marriage?
Beware: you are entering the road
which leads to divorce
In short, when marriage is anything
but the mingling of two hearts in one, it
had better not take place. If this princi-
pie were universally recognized we
should hear no more Of divorce, because
people would keep out Of the road which
leads to it.-Ercta,sge.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
The Pie.Plant.

The pie.plant is luxurious weed that
is cultivated In the garden, and the more
it is cut off the better it grows. 1t looks
not unlike the wild burdock and grows
just about as high, and has leaf on it
like tobacco.
The leaf of the pie.plant is about the
size of an elephants ear, and the stalk on
which the leaf grows Is a delicate wine
color.
Out of the stalk the pie is made, and
it is the first pie out of green sass that
you can get In the spring.
The pie plant is as sour as a country
school-ma'am, and one pound of plant
takes four pounds Of sugar to soothe it,
There is some folks think that this pie
can beat the pumpkin pie, but right here
is where they err.
They dare not bet on 1t.
When any man tells me that such and
such a pie can beat the pumpkin ] con-
slider that man may have sense enough to
sit on a jury or perhaps assist in tending
toll gate, but for all the important
duties Of life he is of no more nse than
an ak without any handle.
But pie-plant pie is better than no pie,
but 1t does take in the sugar the might
lest
If / was going into the pie-plant
pie speculation l should want partner
and should let him furnish the sugar,
and would put up the roots, and we
would divide the profits equal.
| should say that this would be a
smart thing for me to do.-J0sh Billings,
in N. Y. Weekly.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
Small Fruits on the Farm.

To ADVISE farmer to grow small
fruits for market and at the same time
carry on his farming operations is some
thing we will not do. But there are
hundreds and thousands of farmers who
have q natural taste for fruit growing,
and to whom farming has become q
drudgery-especially that class who are
not strong, to whom change is desira-
BILE and necessary. To these we would
say, if you are living within three or four
miles of good home market and cities
not far away by rail or steamboat, a
change to fruit-growing will be both
profitable and pleasant. The first thing
to do is to rent out most of your land or
let it out on shares, reserving your home
and, say, ten to twenty acres OF land for
your fruit-growing operations, and If you
have love for the business and go at it
systematically and theoretically you will
make more money from ten acres Of land
than you have ever made from your
farm, and that, too, with less real hard
work.
Plant only of leading, welltried sorts,
that are hardy and productive, give them
good cultivation and plenty of mulch
and you will reap large reward; and,
too, this kind of work makes less hard
work for the women folks, and, besides,
supplies the table with fruit daily
throughout the year.
There are farmers who have no liking
for growing fruit; but as rule these
have sons or son who have, and who
do not like farming. These are very
anxious to keep their sons on farm,
away from the city. To such we say
let such son have the use OF few acres
to grow small fruits; and the longer he
is engaged in it the more he will like it,
and consequently his attachment for
home strengthened, and, too, by this the
table is supplied with luxuries you would
not dispense with after one seasons ex-
perience. There are SO many inland
towns not supplied with fruit and vege
tables that we advise the readers of this
paper to take advantage of such open
ings.-Frust Recorder.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
OVerdressed Schoolgirls.

An American family, in which were
several girls, came to live in this city
some time last year. The parents had
moved in good social circle, and had
been held in considerable esteem in the
town where they previously resided.
They were respectable but not rich.
When living comfortably, they refused
to spend more than they could afford to
dress. In short tine the eldest girl,
who was aboutsthirteen or fourteen years
of age, and very anxious to go on with
her education, became a pupil at one of
the public schools. She remained there
only few weeks, being fairly driven
away by the taunts and sneers which
were leveled at her on account OF her
homely apparel. After short interval
she tried another school, but with the
same result She was avoided by the
other girls, treated with neglect and
superciliousness, and at last was obliged
to leave. The consequence was that
neither she nor her sisters attended any
school, and thus for the sake of an un-
seemly abuse, which it is the interest of
everybody to put down, the education of
those children ceased.-NeU York Times.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
Stoves.

AS this is a season when many stoves
are unfortunately taken down and put
away for the summer their proper treat
ment becomes a matter Of general inter
est. Unfortunately" we say, stoves
are taken down the present month, but
we might have used stronger word,
and had we said recklessly it would not
have expressed our meaning quite so well
as culpably. There are those house
keepers to whom the necessity for house
cleaning on certain day in May has all
the force of a commandment--and what
housekeeping under these conditions
means many reader too well knows,
and many a grave-stone stands as silent
witness. We will not enumerate the ills
it brings-but among the good 1t sends
away are the sUoves--often from every
room except the kitchen. A clear, cold
day in January with the mercury at 15
to 90 deg. below zero is absolute coni-
fort in comparison with damp day vi
May with the thermometer between 80
and 40 deg. But this is not what we
started upon; let us dispose of this al
most vital point by saying that IN none
of the Northern States should the stoves
be removed from the living rooms, if the
health, let alone the comfort, Of the fam
lily is regarded, before the middle of
June. We have pleasant days, and
warm, in May, but we cannot remember
a year since we have given attention to
the matter in which there has not been
cold spell in the first half of June in
which fire was absolutely necessary to
the comfort of the well and the we'll
being of the ILL., :" Then why take stovse
down at all?" will be asked by some in
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
Small Savings.

SOME housekeepers reject small saw
ings as toe Insignificant to be useful,
One rejection might perhaps sometimes
do, but where it is repeated half the year
the waste is worth calculating. For in
stance, where pies are made of rhubarb,
green currants, gooseberries or sour ap-
Piles, the acid can be extracted by allow
ing them to stand in boiling water This
set away in jug or other stone vessel
will make good vinegar, and weekly re-
plenished will supply small family, be.
side the saving in sweetening. Then
again many burn their useless rags be-
cause they bring only two cents per
pound. That is very little, to be sure,
less than years ago, when the price of
stationery was as cheap as now, but in
the course of year, in family, this
item alone will amount to three or four
dollars, and requires no more time or
strength than opening stove and allow
ing them to consume. Some people en-
Joy, or otherwise, the reputation of van
ity and extravaganza, because they dress
SO well, when in fact less is ex-
pended in this direction than by
the accuser. They have the disposition
to save and the tact and taste
to make the best of everything, and the
result is they always look stylish and
well dressed. Then care, by brushing,
hanging or folding, keeps them fresh
looking and tidy. Icould not help MOTTO
ing recently another little saving. A
lady was basting strips upon dress ma
terial that would have required spool
of cotton. Instead of getting the whole
ready and then stitching she basted one
strip at a time, using the thread with
which the first was basted, thereby saw
ing little. Soap may be pieced out by
having a leach tub where I've can be
drawn off as needed. 1t answers better
for boiling than soap. Then again how
much time and how many steps about
homework could be saved by little
calculation and forethought? / once
watched model housekeeper clear the
dishes from the table. She first removed
and put in the knife-box. Doing it thus
quickly saved securing. When she came
in with them she took the cups, saucers
and plates, washed them, and, if at the
evening meal, turned one corner of the
cloth aside, let them set till all were
clean, then spread the table for break
fast-and SO on throughout the whole
routine of her homework. She found
time for fancy work, reading, visiting
and writing. People called her very
smart and energetic. the latter she was
not; but method and planning had be-
come fixed habit to her, and her work
was performed with less fatigue and
labor than in most households. In her
house was box with two apartments,
one for tacks, one for nails, and over
both lay the hammer; near by was the
glue cup; next the salve box with cotton
and strings or court-plaster. Then there
stood the shirt button box, pant-button
box, coat button box, alongside the hook
and eyes-all neatly labeled and saving
the time of hunting over quart of but
tons to find one. Every spring all the
undershirts, drawers and skirts were
mended before being packed away, and
in the fall the same was done by the
summer clothing. How much can be
done by such planning and saving!-
Name Farmer
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
Sitting Hens.

A CORRESPONDENT asks: "Will you
have the kindness to give some instruc.
tons as to the best method of managing
sitting henss Is it good plan to move
hen from the nest where she has been
laying, and where she naturally prefers
to sit, to nest in another buildIng?"
The most successful managers of poul-
try in these days pay but little attention
to the natural likes or dislikes of their
fowls In such matters as the selection of
nests. The best plan we know of is to
have an apartment devoted especially to
sitting hens. The nests should be NOV
able boxes, so that each may be occa-
sionally burnt out or whitewashed.
When hen wishes to sit remove her
in the evening to nice clean nest in the
sitting-room. Place under her one or
more artificial eggs and over her an
empty shallow box to prevent her COM
ing off the next morning until you can be
on hand to see that after she has had
enough to eat and drink she returns to
the nest. If she does not return in due
time place her on the nest by hand and
cover her again with the empty box. This
operation will seldom have to be repeated
more than two days in succession until
she will return quietly of her own ac-
cord and after that she need not be
covered SO closely, but may then be
trusted with the eggs designed for hatch
ing. Wild and excitable hens should not,
if it can be avoided, be used as sitters,
neither should scabby-legged hens. The
former are apt to break eggs or kill
young chicks by their "fussy" and un-
rulable conduct; while the latter will
give to the young chicks they brood the
troublesome and unsightly affection of
scabby legs.
A feed-box we'll supplied with shelled
corn should be kept in the room, as also
a supply of good water and box of dry
sand and ashes for dust bath The
nests should be placed on the floor and
arranged around the sides of the room
In the bottom of each it would be well
to put couple of inches of loose earth.
A nest thus prepared will be warmer
during the cold weather of early spring,
and may be prevented from becoming
too dry in very warm weather later in
the season. Over the nests there should
be broad shelf to prevent the hens
standing on the edge of each others
nests to stretch, plume or ease them
selves The first ten days or two weeks
70 oiAc hhoS1 citoicai pcIiou VI inCuphtloA.
The germ in the early stages of its
growth is more sensibly affected by
changes in temperature than when nearer
the time of Matching. A nest of eggs
that has been faithfully set on for two
weeks will usually hatch well, although
they may have been allowed to become
almost cold for a short time. and cases
have been known of eggs in this condi-
ton having really become cold and yet
have Matched well.-Prairse Farmer.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
Oranges In Florida.

ONE side of story is good until you
have heard the other side. We denied
the statement of correspondent OF our
morning contemporary who-that is, the
correspondent declared that oranges in
Florida remained on the trees for year
fresh and delicious at the end of the year
as when they first ripen. And now
comes an entirely reliable gentleman
who says:
"You doubt the statement of Florida
correspondent about ripe oranges hang
ing on the tree without decay for a year
AS have spent three winters in Florida
allow me to say that correspondent is
right. /, myself, have eaten sweet
oranges that have hung on the tree the
year round, and have eaten sour
oranges that have hung on tree for two
summers. These oranges that so hung
are good, sound, juicy fruit. This was
on Dunn's Lake. Florida oranges that
hang after the new crop starts lose their
juice, which returns to the tree, and in
the fall fill up with the juice like the
new crop."-Oleoeland (Ohi0) Herald.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
HOME, FARM AND GARDEN.

To prevent horses feet from scaling
or cracking in summer, and enabling the
shoes to be carried longer time without
injury, the French practice is to coat the
hoofs once week with an ointment con-
posed of equal proportions OF soft fat,
yellow wax, linseed oil, Venice turpen-
tine and Norway tar; the wax is melted
separately before mixing.
The dahlias of to-day are far supe-
rior to those of ten years ago, being
more globular in shape, while the colors
are more bright and beautiful. Where
you have large lawn and wish to ex-
hibit flowers for effect do not forget
these. They should be planted out as
soon as all danger from frost is past in
good soil, not too rich and wet, or you
will have nothing but leaves. If you
can shade them from the burning sun
between twelve and two o'clock their
flowers will last much longer. Plant
about six inches deep and four feet
apart; and when planting put neat
stick alongside the tuber SO that when
your plant is foot or two high it can
be tied to it.-Rurdl New Yorker.
Many people suppose baking and
roasting to mean the same thing, and
everywhere you hear people who never
tasted of roast beef in their lives tell OF
having roast beef for dinner. Meats are
never roasted in an oven. Roasting is
done before fire and is more nearly
like broiling. In roasting the meats are
placed before the fire on "spit" which
can be turned, bringing each part of the
meat successfully to the fire. French
he osv, fph hptn h fro. hn M OF
to be roasted is placed very near the fire
at first and gradually Withdrawn and
turned and basted frequently. Roasted
meats have better flavor and are faI
superior in richness and nutritive quail
ties to either baked or boiled. The
superiority of English and French roast
beef is due far more to the method OF
cooking than to the quality Of the meat
The only essential difference between
roasting and broiling is that the former
is done before the fire and the latter
over it.-Western Rural.
Jonathan Talcott gives statement
in the Boston CukioGt0r of an expert
ment performed on Suffolk pig where
sugar-beets were largely employed fol
fattening. The animal was about a year
old, and the feeding on boiled sugar
beets, tops and roots, began on the 10th
of August, and was continued three
times day until the 1st Of October
after which ground feed was given, con.
sisting of two parts of corn and one OF
oats three times day till the animal was
slaughtered, the meal being mixed with
cold water The result was on the 18th
of August, when the sugar-beet feeding
was begun, that the weight was 800 lbs.
Sept. 1, 800 lbs; Oct. 1, 450 lbs; Nov. l,
$50 lbs This is the substance of the
statement given, by which we perceive
that the increase the last of August,
when fed on boiled sugar-beets, was at
the rate of two pounds per day; the rate
of increase on the same food continued
through September. When fed on
ground corn and oats made into cold
slop the gain for the next fifty days was
less than pound and half per day.
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
A Good Example for Business Men.

In notice Of the death of John Har-
per--one of the Harper brothers--it was
said: after Mr. Harper had left his
office for the day and retired to his home
on Fifth avenue he would give up all
thought OF business matters and would
refuse to converse on business affairs. !"
That fact should be painted in white let
tiers on black background, and framed
in gilt and hung over the desk of every
business mar in the land. And over the
portals OF G, cry business mans home
should be the warning to those who
would thrust business into that house:
/" No business transacted here" You
cannot throw q stone into crowded
street that you will not hit man broken
in body, If not in mind, early in life
through the wear and tear of bust
ness, which has been permitted to fol,
low his every step from morning till
night, and even the hours which
should be devoted to sleep. This very
day, stopping at the Postof1ce, one
gentleman could not wait the getting out
Of the Postoffice corridor before he must
begin to open his mail, while another
gentleman was passing from the office
and in the street was breaking the en-
yelopes and reading the Enclosures. Not
even the short walk to their place of
business of pleasant morning was per-
mitted free from business cogitations.
Two thirds of our business men reserve
until evening the most taxing part OF
their days work, and pass their evenings,
even to the small hours, in devising plans
for the next days operation. Of course
they break down before they have reached
the meridian Of their lives, while Harper,
who drives business care from him as he
turns from his office, devoting the time
Knoxville journal. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1874-1986, 1875-05-20
Circular from the Agricultural De-
partment.

The Department of Agriculture has is
sued the following circular:
The Agricultural Department of the
United States desires to communicate to
its correspondents the following infor-
nation:
1. The object and purpose of the de-
partment is to procure the best and most
approved seeds which can be obtained
in this or any other country, and SO dis.
tribute them that they may be intro
duced into all parts of the United States
to which they are respectively adapted.
2. Vegetable garden seed is put up in
packages and varieties, having a refer
ence only to the climate and soil TO which
they are to be sent Any designation of
these seeds by individuals is useless, be-
cause they are already put up, except
the general one of flower or vegetable,
or particular field seed, such as corn,
oats, barley, spring or fall wheat, or par
ticular kind Of grass.
8. The department does not profess to
have every variety Of seed for distribu-
ton To supply the wants of any person,
but only such as are particularly useful,
and which cannot readily be obtained
elsewhere.
A. The department often receives from
five to fifty letters from one place, and
sometimes written by one hand. These
are not responded to.
g. The department has its own agents
for distribution, therefore lists sent here
are not attended to.
6. Money or stamps should not be sent
to the department for any purpose what.
ever. 1t has no authority to receive
them.
Z. No seed is delivered at the depart
ment-but only by mail.
Seed sent, in pursuance of the special
appropriation Of Congress, to the grass
hopper districts has not been subject to
these rules.
Correspondents should save the prod
ucts of seed sent them, for future use.
FREDERICK WATTS,
Commissioner of Agriculture.