davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
For the VERMONT FARNER.
Dairying.

1t has become a grave question to-day
whether the making of butter and cheese
shall be done on the farm or be entirely re-
moved to the cheese factory and creamery.
The action of nearly all of our dairymen's
associations tends to the one idea Of central
ization. 1t is not claimed that factory
cheese or butter is superior in quality to
that made by our best single dairies. But
the argument is that 1t can be done cheaper,
yielding greater profit, and above all that
the farmers wife must be relieved from the
drudgery of butter and cheese making. We
have before us a paper read at meeting OF
the state board of agriculture at Springfield,
by G. w. Mudgett, in which he talks long
and loud of the heavy drudgery OF butter
and cheese making, and the consequent doom
of the farmers wife aud daughters.
That the farmers wives are an overworked
class we fully concede; that by an eternal,
incessant round of cares and hardships health
too often fails aud they finally sink, wan and
weary, into premature grave. But that
it is chargeable wholly to dairying we deny,
and maintain that the making of butter and
cheese is the most healthy, as well as the
most delightful employment of farm life.
Remove the dairy house or dairy room from
the farm and you take the brightest jewel
from the casket. A drudgery for even a
ruffle-shirt farmer to put on his white frock
and assist his wife an hour or two every
morning in making delicious article Of but
ter or cheese! A drudgery to go into the
curing room and turn the golden cheese
while his wife dresses them over Call that
drudgery in comparison with cooking, wash
ing, ironing sweeping, or even chamber.
work True it requires skill to excel in
butter and cheese making, and it won't dc
to trust it to hired help that is ever chang
ing
Both the farmer and his wife should un
derstand the art of dairying so as to take
charge and give direction to the whole Oper
alton, yet very much Of the heavy work car
be done by hired help. The idea that thu
farmers wives and daughters must do all the
work connected with the dairy has long sinO'
exploded, and the introduction Of the larg,
pans 10 butter making and the vast improve
ment in cheese making has taken the rOugl
edge all off from the business Away, then
with the contemplate nonsense OF oVer-taxe'
muscle, premature decay, being the PatrimO
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
For the VERMONT FARMER.
Grating.
West Burke, April 20.

Something has been published lately in the
FARMER upon the subject of grating. As
the topic is an important one to the farmers
of Vermont yOu will perhaps allow me space
in which to continue the discussion.
Our friend from Weathers6eld Bow, in
an article which sounded very much like an
advertisement, seemed to condemn all root
grated trees as humbugsi in this he is
wrong, for there are doubtless very many
trees that are valuable though root grated !;
this of itself is not sufficient to condemn the
tree. Your correspondent would do well to
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30

cutting, until Of desired height at which it
is annually headed back. At seven years
from planting, it will turn any animal"
E. p. Powell. in the Horticulturist for
March, says The buckthorn is the plant
Of ell others, where neatness and ornament
are the main objects combined with ordinary
protection, unless we prefer evergreens. The
buckthorn needs less care, and is more easily
put into shape than any other deciduous
plant. IL is rich in color and grows with
great rapidity.
The Country Gentleman says: Buckthorn
plants are very easily raised from fresh
seeds, or from seeds which have not been in
jured by being too much dried. They are
10 be planted in drills about an inch deep,
and they will come up as freely as apple
seeds In one or two years they will be
large enough to set in the hedge rows. The
roots are numerously 6brous, and they may
be easily transplauted without failure if the
soil is in fine mellow condition, and the
work properly done, as with other plants.
The buckthorn forms a natural hedge row
With leas cutting or training than most other
hedge plants, but having no real thorns, and
not growing TO very stiff tree, the hedge
does not become a really formidable barrier,
although making fue compact screen. To
make it strong for hedge, the soil should
be rich, and strip of land several feet wide
kept we'll cultivated and entirely free from
grass and weeds. Dry knolls would not
probably be rich enough to give it a strong
growth, and wet land would be undesirable
or late years, the buckthOrn has been mostly
superseded at the North by the honey locust,
and in favorable localities and on we'll
drained land, by the Usage Orange. The
honey locust is perfectly hardy, aud some
plants are very thorny, and when faithfully
cut back to keep it thick and hedgy, ii
makes good barrier The Usage Orange
does better on dry, poor land, and if the sub
soil is thoroughly drained, it will endure our
winters generally.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
WHOLE NO. 23O.

gentle fire add to il an ounce Of beef tall
low and stir il we'll. Take IL from the fire,
let il cool down a little, and then mix with
il tablespoonful Of spirits Of turPentiue,
and after that about seven ounces Of very
strong alcohol (95 per cent?, to be had at
any druggists store. The alcohol cools 1t
down 50 rapidly that II will be necessary to
put il again on the FIRE, stirring it constant
". Still the utmost care must be exercis-
ed to prevent the alcohol from getting in-
famed. To avoid il, the best way is to re-
move the vessel from the FIRE, when the lump
that may have been formed commences
melting again. This must be continued till
The whole is homogeneous mass similar to
honey.-Ne,c York Tribune.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30

third compound, or one-lime phosphate, call
cd also superphosphate, and soluble phos.
phate. To effect this it is necessary TO de-
prive the three-lime phosphate Of two parts
Of its lime, which is done by the use Of
sulphuric acid. When sulphuric acid is
added TO ground bones or pulverized mineral
phosphate of lime,-three-lime phosphate
1t takes away from it two-parts Of the lime
which it contains and unites with that lime
to form plaster, or gypsum. When the
mixture is complete, the proper proportions
having been used, the mass consists of one
lime or solubls phosphate, sulphate Of lime,
and the other substances which were con-
tanned in the bones or the mineral. About
one-half the material Of bone consists Of
three.lime phosphate, the rest being mostly
animal matter containing nitrogen, which is
also valuable as fertilizer.
The superphosphate which results from
the above described process consists simply
of one part Of phosphoric acid and one part
of lime. 1t does not contain any bone, for
that has been decomposed. 1t does not con-
tain any sulphuric acid, for that is COM
bined with the lime to make plaster
Neither does it contain any water. 1t is
just simply lime aud phosphoric acid, united
to gether, in equal parts, by weight.
But the whole mass which is what is
sold as fertilizer under the commercial
name of superphosphate of lime, contains the
true or pure superphosphate mixed with
the plaster, and with the animal matter and
other ingredients of the bones that were
used to make it. 1t is an unusually good
commercial superphosphate that contains
over twenty-five per cent, by weight, of pure
superphosphate of lime. The rest (suppos-
ing no adulterating or other fertilizing sub
stances have been mixed with it) consists Of
plaster, etc., as mentioned above. No
properly made commercial superphosphate
contains a particle of carbonate Of lime,
which is simply common limestone or air
slaked lime. - Wdtchman,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
Keeping Milk Sound During Thunder
Storms.

Experiments in Sweden have shown that
the we'll known effect of thunder storms in
souring milk may, in a great degree be
avoided or counteracted by artificial heat
in the dairy. The plan is to start fire in
the room where milk is kept, whenever
thunder storm is seen approaching. This
is done even in hot weather, the purpose
being to drive out the excess Of moisture.
The explanation given is that during the
approach of such storms the atmosphere
becomes loaded with moisture and the
damp, moist, heavy air resting upon the
milk produces acidity and spoils it. Dry
air, then, is important in the dairy, aud
whenever there are atmospheric changes
which bring excessive moisture in the air Of
the dairy, FIRE should be at once started
to counteract the bad influence it would
have upon the milk.
If this explanation be correct, and if arti-
fetal heat has the effect Of preventing milk
from being affected by thunder storms, the
knowledge is important to butter dairymen.
In the best dairy-rooms the heating is pro-
duced by steam pipes, which give more
uniform temperature to all parts Of the
room than can he done by the heat from
stove-Boston CHltiUatOr.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30

A white garment appears worse with
slight soiling than do colored garments
much soiled. So n little fault in n good
man attracts more attention than great
offense in bad man.-ChtcGgo AdUdnce.
FAULTS OF GOOD MEN.
garment that is purely white,
Though soiled little only slight,
Calls forth greater share ffrown
Than thrice the filth on one that's brown,
Therefore let all arrsyed In white
Avoid foul contacts and keep bright
Likewise trivial fault 1t seems,
In good man, who never means
To wrong or inure friend or foe,
While he's pilgrim here below,
Is looked upon as really worse
Than men who rave and swear and curse.
Let every good man, therefore, be
From minor faults forever free,
Lest he be counted far more vile
Than men who cultivate a style
Ofeonauct which is far from right,
And are disposed to OF i" get tight"
The best Of men are lost abusedi
For triAing faults are on accused
or grosser sins and treated worse
Than men who steal their neighbor's purse.
For instance-think Of Mr.. Beecher,
The worst abused Of any preacher
Whose may be our future teacher.
hiddisbury, 1prti, 1875. S. b. ROCKWELL.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
For the VERMONT FARMER.
THE ROADS.

Two silent, dusty pilgrims,
Beyond the slumbering town,
Are clasped in close and long embrace,
Each hand to hand, and face to face,
Mngling their robes Of brown.
The shadows Of the naples
Have crept along the grass.
Cooling the scorched and withered blades
Within the roadside's hollow glades,
As slowly o'er they pass.
They fall upon the prilgrims
With man tie soft and deep;
The dusty roadways in the gloom,
Just necked with sunsets golden bloom,
Are clasped in drowsy sleep.
A faded guide-board, leaning
Above the pilgrimslow,
Catching the beams the branches toss,
Pictures the shadow Of cross,
Framed In the evening glow.
PAUL PAsrNoR.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
Notes and Queries.

Would some skilled fruit hybridizer give
me some Information, through the FARMER
at what time to perform the fertilizing oper-
alton on the blossomP Is It before the bios
som Is fully unfolded, or afterP And what
part OF the blossom must be removed
central stem or the next surrounding ones ?
The latter, suppose, is the male.
OUERsT.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30

A correspondent recently asked about
thorn hedges. Samuel Edwards, Sr., writes
the Prairie Farmer that the buckthorn is
f" the best hedge plant known to me for
hardy, efficient one in too high latitude for
Usage Orange Plants had better be two
years old when set iu hedge at eight inches
aparti after planted two years, cut them of
in spring, to the ground; then each year cut
back to one foot from point of last years
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
What, and what quantities, is required h
make good wax for graitingP
IL

j. T.. CHASE.
Jay, ".
Barry recommends equal parts of rOsin,
beeswax aud tallow; but suggests, as BETTER
two parts rosin, one and one.fourth beeswax,
and three.fourths tallow. Thomas recon-
mends three parts rOsin, three beeswAx, and
two of tallow, aud as a cheaper one, but
more liable to stick to the hands, four parts
rosin, two Of tallOw and one of beeswaI.
Rosin meltS at 276 degrees, aud tallow and
beeswax at lao degrees, or a little more.
The more talOw the more easily the mixture
melts, aud Uice versa.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-04-30
MttmnHt Ratmtr
ROYAL CUMMINGS, PROPRIETOR
TERMS, Always i'm Advance.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
SIT. .yOHJrSBURF, VT.

TERMS, Always In Advance
One copy one year single wrappers or bundles, $500
BIZ months, luy
Three months on trial, al,................'.....' 90
Free of Postage 20 amy Psint I'm the United
States or Canada.
All papers stopped when the subscription paid for
has expired.
Money should by sent by postal meney order pay
able to ROYAL CUMMINGS, or by registered letter,
and when sent in either Of these the safe trans
mission will be at our risk. money order for $40
or less costs but Ave cents. Registration fees have
been reduced 10 eight cents Money sent by ordinary
letter will seldom fall 10 reach US bat We do not as
sune the risk.
Asubscriber wishing his paper sent to different post
Oco must give the Of the oce II is cent TO
well a. the one IL is TO be sont 10.
The date on your address label is the time 10 which
your subscription is paid. AAy subscriber noticing
mistake In the date Of his label Is requested TO notify
the publisher At oRce.
Advertising Rates.
For one week, rs cents per inch For each addition
al week, 25 cents per inch.
Advertisements for four weeks or longer, sl.OO an
inch for each four weeks Rule-Multiply The num-
Der Of inches by the number Of weeks and divide by
10 find the cost In dollars.
The Andrew County Republican. [volume] (Savannah, Mo.) 1871-1876, 1875-08-13

in the Quartermaster's Department, and Gilman
is n restaurant keeper in Washington. While
being conveyed from New York to Washington,
Halleck threw away q memorandum book, which
was subsequently recovered by the officers.
Upon examination it was found to contain the
figures AZ, 097. 65-the exact amount contained
in the stolen package. These figures had
been partially erased with q lead pencil
though they had been divided by ,, and the quo
tient, y ,5iS.S2, remained untouched. An
entry on the same page read, $3.50 saved to
show W. H." Halleck gave several conflicting
statements IN regard to these entries, but finally
admitted that he attempted to throw the book
away, as the figures in it would secure his con-
%yictiOn.
Halleck. the Treasury clerk, arrested for
stealing the "a 900 money package, has made a
confession. He says that Ottman proposed and
planned the robbery, and has had entire custody
of the stolen money, with the exception of about
$500 which he returned to Halleck. Ottman is a
man of considerable means and has recently made
heavy deposits in the banks. His property has
been seized, and it was thought the whole amount
would be recovered. Halleck acquits Brown of
all knowledge of the robbery.
A sad accident, resulting in the death of
two youngspeOple, occurred at Siagara1Falls on
the 9Th inst. n party OF SIX from the vicinity o
the Falls visited the aCave of the Winds, unac-
cOmpanied by gui les. After passing through
the cave. two of the party 4 Mr.. Ethelbeck Par
sons, aged twenty nine, and Miss Lottie C.. Phil
pott, aged twenty five, descended to an eddy
which is never visited by the guides. The lady
lost her foOthOId and was caught by the gentle
man, but the current carried both into the river
below. where Ethey were both drowned. They
were soon to be married.
Thomas Carlyle, a white man, but a
citizen of the Cherokee Nation by marriage, and
a well TODD farmer, while sleeping on the porch
Ofhis house near Tahlequah, on the night of the
5th, was taken from his bed by three men anu
murdered in the presence Of his family. Rob
berry appears to have been the motive, as quite a
sum of money was taken from his. person.
BY an eXplOSiOnin the arsenal at Frank.
ford, Penn, on the eth, one young man was
killed and a number of others fatally injured.
T11 hrilIinp was blown down
The Andrew County Republican. [volume] (Savannah, Mo.) 1871-1876, 1875-08-13

a al condition of affairs is reported
from the Pennsylvania oil regions. The
production of oil has so greatly exceeded
the demand. that prices are going down
and down, and there is no telling when
they will touch bottom. The despair of
the operators, it is said. has extended to
the operatives and manitesrs itself in COM
muniStic devices TO save themselves from
the trouble which is threatening them.
One conspiracy has already been discov-
cred to burn up 5000, 900 barrels of Oil
above ground and another to plug
up all the wells. In the face Of
this curious condition Of things, hun
dredS of new wells are being drilled.
There is already said to be enough petro-
leum in store in the oil regions to last the
world six months. At last accounts the
dealers and operators, although they had
had several consultations, ma faileC to
find any way VI OF their dilemma, except
byabSOlute shutting down Of all the pro-
ducing wells, and this they fear to DO on
account of the lack of good faith hitherto
shown by Operatorsi in keeping such agree
mentS.
The Andrew County Republican. [volume] (Savannah, Mo.) 1871-1876, 1875-08-13
THE MARKETS.

ST. LOUIS, August 10, 1875.
B~EEvEs-Choice, $6.O096. ID; GOOD to Prime.
S4.5095.5O; Cows and Heifers, S2.2594.I5;
COrn-Fed Texans, $3.50g4.25.
HOGs-GOod to Choice, S1.403 80.
SHEEP-GOOdt to Choice, $3.2594.3.
~FLoUR-Choice Country, s~6.25s6.5O' xxx
.WHEAr1Red. No. 2~.sl.5OsI.5l; No.s,
$l.359 LAO.
OATs-Mixed, 500 5lc.
S59S7c.
TIMOTHY sEED-Prime. s2.6582.:5;
Medium Shipping Leaf, sIO.5Os 300.
HAr-Prime New Timothy, SlS.0O9 1890.
BUTTER Choice Packed Dairy. 25g 24c.
EGGs-96 lOc.
PoRk-Standard Mess, So so.
LARD-Retined, 13h 9 lie.
WOOL-Tub-washed, Choice, so; Unwasheds
COmbing, "a q Sc.
COTTON-Middling. 144c.
NEW YORK:
B~EEvEs-Native, $9.5O9 $50; Texan. IS
910.25
HoGs-Dressed, 80. 25e 1915.
~SHEEP-Clipped, S4.50e6.25
FLoUR-GoOd to Choice, 5000 90.
WHEAT-No. 2 Chicago, SI.3S9 l.39.
CORN-Western Mixed, 500 S3hc.
OATs-Western Mixed, 66 9 Sc.
PORK-Mess, S21.GO.
CoTTON-Middling, He.
CHICAGO.
BEEvEs-Common to Choice. $3.50 O 7.50o
Texans, So. 59425.
HOGs-Good to Choice, $7.75gS.I2h-
~SHEEP-ShOrn, B , .O01 D. %.
F~LOUR-ChOice Winter, Extra ~$G1567.25.
Choice Spring Extra, S6.OD96.25.
WHEAT-Spring No. 2, SIPS q LII. SPRING
No. 3, S1.lSgl.1SR.
CORN-NO. ?, FOG I02Gc.
OATs-No. ., 57S5Sc.
RYE-NO. 2, S3c9 Sc.
PORK-New Mess, S2l.3 9 q 80.
LARD-Per cwt. 5 l3.65.
CINCINNATI.
FLOUR-Family, $500 10:
WHEAT-Red, old, $l.60g LES.
C~ORN-New,7 59 &c.
OATs-No. ,, 729 15c.
PORK-New Mess, $21.0D.
LARD-Summer, l3c.
COTToN-Middling, l4bc.
KANSAS CITY.
BEEvEs-Native Steers, $500 40. Texaa,
Steers, IS. cog .. 80.
HOGs-Stockers, $5.50S6.50.
MEMPHIS.
~FLOUR-Family, S6.0J9S.50.
CORN-Mixed. SIG S5c.
OATs-New, Ga 65c.
HAY-ChOice, BIS. V9 g. 90.
consolidating, 144c.
NEW ORLEANS
~FLOUR-Choice, $S.7569.O.
CORN-White, S7c9 S1.OO.
OATs-67d zoe.
$26. COG q. 90.
PoRK-Mess, $23. 509 % .75.
BACON-104 9 l4c.
~SUGAR-FaIr to Prime, "a dS%c
COTTOS-LOw MitdlIng, 1880.
The Andrew County Republican. [volume] (Savannah, Mo.) 1871-1876, 1875-08-13

The celebration of the O'Conneu CEN
tennial took place at Dublin, beginning
on Aug. 5 and continuing three days.
Solemn religious ceremOnials We're held in
the churches, a series of grand concerts,
mostly of Irish music, was given, and va
riOuS meetings were held and addresses
made commemorative of the birth of the
great Irish LiberatOr. There were esti-
mated TO be 10000 strangers present in
Dublin on the first day ofthe celebration,
and large accessionS were made during
the subsequent days.
The Andrew County Republican. [volume] (Savannah, Mo.) 1871-1876, 1875-08-13

EX-CONGRESSMAN SHANKS, OF Indiana.
who was appointed By the President, i'll
accordance win ii recent act Of Congress,
as agent to visit the kiOwas, COmancheS
and Arapahoes, to select OF exceeding
5000 of their number from among the
hostile braves and locate them on Il reserva-
ton in the northeastern part OF the Indian
Territory, has returned from his mission
and filed his report. He spent tour months
in their camps, most of the tim"
alone. hunted with them, attended
their councils and religious cere-
monies, and was convinced that no
good would come of the pr0po sed separa-
ton. The Agencies, he reports, are all
i'm good condition. The Indians are now
contented. and have under cultivation 600
or 700 acres of corn, and. save the delay in
forwarding supplies, there has been no
cause for complaint for many months.
The tribes visited, it was reported last
year, showed hostile intent against each
other, and it was to prevent another saw
age outburst that the Com mission was
authorized. He advises that the tribes be
not divided.
The Andrew County Republican. [volume] (Savannah, Mo.) 1871-1876, 1875-08-13
CURRENT TOPICS.

The Mississippi Democratic st Sc Con-
vention was held at jackson on the 3D..
Hon. w. L. hemingway was unanimous
ly nominated for State Treasurer. The
plat orm adopted is mainly cOnfinet to
State matters. 1t recognizes to the fullest
extent the civil and political equality of
all men, and asks the aid and assistance of
voters of all parties of both races in the es-
Enlistment of good government. The
"cOlOr line" is wholly ignored.