davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Scales on the Farm.

We have had hay scale of the Howe
pattern capable of weighing anything from
a pound of butter to three tons of hay, and
sufficiently accurate for weighing wool
whether it be 40 cents or dollar pound,
on our farm for three years and can indOrse
the following from the pen Of DIR. HOskins
in the VT. Watchmau
1t is rather astonishing that the value
and profit Of platform scale in the barn, il
so little appreciated by farmers in general.
A good many new barns will probably be
erected by readers of this paper in the course
of the year how many of them will be like.
" to include the scales In their plan, or in
their estimate Of cost ? Yet those few WhC
possess them, would hardly know how 70 do
without them. When oue has such . scale
everything for market or for sale is weighed
Grain or roots are not measured, but sim
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Preserving Manures.

The Boston Journal of Chemistry states
that the sources of loss in the storage is two :;
first, the escape volatile ammonia and other
gases and secondly, the loss Of valuable
salts by teaching. The first difficulty may
be obviated by covering the excremont with
eight or ten inches of good soil Or loan,
which will absorb all escaping gasses. A
bushel or so of plaster may be advantage
ously scattered over the heap before the soil
is thrown on. The whole mass should be
perfectly covered, leaving no "chimney" for
gaseous exudation. The danger of teaching
may be avoided by covering the heap with
hay or straw sufficiently thick to shed most
Of the rain, If kept in this way sufficient
time, the manure will undergo spontaneous
decomposition, the products Of which will be
ready for immediate assimilation by plaats.
The usual process is carting manure to the
fields in the autumn to waste, by both of the
above processes, some of their most valuable
constituents.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

ply weighed, saving time and securing great
er accuracy. Animals bought or put up for
fattening are weighed; when fat or ready
for market, they are weighed again. Guess
work is abolished, and certainty, with its
attendant satisfaction and profit, takes its
place. The feed for stock of all kinds can
be weighed out, and accuracy, uniformity
and consequent economy, secured. The yield
Of every crop is easily got at, when scales
like these are at hand; and many times the
information thus obtained will surprise us.
and perhaps influence the whole course Of
succeeding years work. Experiments in
feeding stock are easily carried out with
their help, and knowledge gained that viii
lead to a saving Of many times the cost Of
the scales. There is no better investment
about farm, depend upon it, than plat
form scale 10 the barD.hoor.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Keeping Apples out of Doors.

The Rural Home gives an account of
an experiment near Rochester in keep
ing apples on the ground under leaves.
Two bushels of leaves were placed on one
bushel of apples, the whole being partly sur
rounded by evergreen trees, which kept the
wind from blowing the leaves. They were
found this spring less decayed than apples in
the cellar, and fresh and fine in condition.
There were obviously two or three causes
which made them keep we'll. Contact with
the earth gave them moderate and uniform
heat from below; the leaves, being stratided,
turned of the water and kept out the cold,
the frost of very few winters ever reaching
through foot Of leaves aud the evergreen
trees gave additional protection. II we
were covering apples in this way in an ex.
posed situation, we should want q foot OF
leaves, held down by evergreen branches
but, surrounded closely by evergreen trees,
half that depth of leaves might answer.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Brahmas as Non-Sitters.

The change in the natural predisposition
of the Brahmas l attribute to the system Of
feeding which have adopted which is all
in the direction of keeping the egg machine
running and giving no opportunity for the
fowls to get lazy and lay on fat. Indian
corn which is the great staple in common
use, l have almost entirely discarded as to
heating, and rely principally upon stale
wheaton bread which can be purchased very
cheap, and able scraps, mixed with little
proVender, and fed hot in the morning, with
whole grain Of some kind-wheat, buck
wheat or barley-at night nothing at mid
day in summer or winter. In the summer
| cut grass very fine, and mix with the
morning meal, alternating whith mashed
boiled potatoes, and in the winter add lit
tie stimulant, like ginger or cayenne, occa-
sionally. This system of feeding, with plen-
ty Of fresh water warm in winter), has given
me all the fresh eggs have needed for q
family Of eight persons, without the nuisance
of lot of broody fowls.
TFancier's Journal
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Farming.

There is IN our family Of readers large
number Of physicians, druggists, clergymen,
merchants, chemists, 60, and we have never
heard word of complaint from any of them
that we bestowed too much attention upon
agriculture, or that they were not interested
in tie subject. Agriculture is SO fascinat-
ing, so noble, so grand in all its relations
and bearings, that all classes Of readers, if
they do not own a rod of land, are fond of
agricultural literature. There are but very
few in any Of the professions, or in any Of
the industrial pursuits, who do not cherish a
secret hope or expectation that some day
they will own farm, and till it, and die
upon it. As people grow older, they love
to think Of mother earth they love to look
upon broad acres covered with the bounte-
Gus gifts of kind Providence they love TO
hear the birds sing; they love to look up
into the heavens, broad and expansive they
love to bathe in sunlight, and feel the mild
breezes Of summer laden with sweet odors
from woods and flowers. Young men often
say they hate farming aud all that is con-
nected with the pursuit. They would, like
John Randolph, 90 out Of their way a mile
to kick sheep; aud as to cows, oxen, and
all animals but horse, they never wish to
look upon them. If they live to middle life,
they "meet change" and il their success
has been Indifferent, in whatever pursuit
they may have fallen into, then the wish is
heard expressed, that they had remained
upon the farm. The tilling of the soil is a
glorious calling, and depend upon it, young
men, the time is coming when it will be
more remunerative than most trades and pro-
fessions.
The fact that agricultural journals and
other works on the subject are SO widely
read is hopeful sign for the future, and
shows that the interest of all classes is inti-
mately connected with the tillsge Of the soil.
Boston journal of Chemistry.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Profit of Feeding Good and Poor Cows.

If common COWS are to be kept, it would
certainly be better to give full than scanty
ratious. Sometimes common COW will re-
spond readily to full feeding upon milk pro-
ducing food aud develop the milk secretion
with great rapidity but as u general rule,
those cows pay best for extra food that have
already developed the habit of turning all
extra food into milk. The COW that has al
ways been kept scantily, will usually apply
most Of the extra food given to laying on
flesh instead of secreting milk. Such COW
should be iattened aud sent to the butcher.
We would not advise dairymen to feed poor
COWS for the purpose of developing them, for
this generally costs too much but if such
COWS are to be kept, for several years, then
it viii pay better to feed full rations, aud
some of them will greatly improve as mixers,
while the others may be sold to the butcher
and their places supplied with better ones.
The dalrymen should seek, if possible, for
cows already accustomed 10 respond to gen.
erous ieeding,-Live Stock Journal.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

Hon. F. ID. Douglass, Of Whiting, writes
to the New England Farmer that the aver
age yield of cows in Vermont docs not ex-
ceed $50 lbs, and that It may be raised To
$50 lbs, and in some favorable cases 800
lbs. By culliug the stock; improved hy-
gienic condition; supplying succulent food
in dry seasons avoiding irritating causes to
cows; providing pure and convenient water !;
adopting system which saves labor and in
creases the product improving the color,
texture and general appearance, and max
ing the packages more attractive, and the
quality uniform, we build up reputation
among consumers, increase the consumption
and demand land price), and receive an
ample pecuniary reward, aud elevate the
calling from one Of tiresome, filthy, pro6tless
drudgery to pleasant, healthiul and profit e.
able occupation.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

There has been a constant cackling over
large eggs among our exchanges, this spring.
1t is difficult to see why the size or weight
is OF any great consequence, when little
Bantam eggs will sell for as much dozen
as Brahmas' of three times the weight. But
when the staid and dignifcd pullet of the
Bellows Falls Times raises her quills aud
discloses, "on the editors table," q little
"seven by nine" hen fruit, and struts of
clucking, it is time to say this is boys play.
We did not intend to mention the circum.
stance, but just to show brother Swain what
a mature fowl can do, an egg was laid on
our table which measured six by twelve
inches, and weighed eleven ounces.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

By an act Of the New York legislature at
the recent session the hitching of horses or
other animals to, or leaving them near
enough to njure, any fruit or forest tree
which has been transplanted or used as a
shade or ornamental tree around any school
house, church, or other public building, is
punishable by fine of one to ten dollars,
with costs, one.half of the penalty to 60 to
the overseers of the poor, the other half to
the complainant. This is a good law, and
we hope it will be enforced.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

At this writing, July 7th the grass crop
is most promising. This is true so far as
our observation extends, aud recent reports
of the same condition of the mowings reach
us from all quarters, The drouth through
the fall and winter was severe on the sod,
but the cool, moist weather through the
spring aud early summer have made amends
The grass is late, but where there was q
good sod last fall, and good soil under it.
the growth is heavy. The "od mowings''
are light. We have one, we regret to say,
aud there is not much there. But where we
have plowed up and manured since owning
the farm there is hoavy crop.
Farmers who have waited for it to grow
this year have been wise. The probability
is that the crop will mature rapidly, and the
danger is that the haying will all come in {
heap, and so much Of the grass will get over
ripe. All we can say is "push things"
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

The well written communication from Mrs.
Rice, " concerning weeds" will remind the
readers of the FARMER that it will never do
to forget the weeds in the hurry of haying
The cultivator should be run through
occasionally, if nothing more. 1t costs more
than people suppose to raise crop of weeds
Though it is impossible to exterminate the
seeds of weeds from the soil as it is wicked
ness from the heart of man, they may be
kept down, to certain extent. We hope
Mrs. Rice will remember the FARMER occa-
sionally.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

The editor of the New England Farmer
says he fed many bushels Of apples to his
cows and young cattle the past season. In
case OF choking, the animal is turned loose
in the yard aud if relief is not obtained at
once by moving around, he uses a spoonful
of soft soap to a quart of warm water, aud
pours little down her throat, followed by
gentle hand rubbing on the outside Of the
neck near the seat of the trouble. Some
times two or three doses were required, usu.
ally one was sufficient.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

imal is 81, live ancestors twenty-five cents.
Females will be reentered with produce for
fifty cents. Autographs, wOod-cuts or cleo
trOtypes of stock entered will be bound or
printed at s. each. Those who have enter.
ed stock will receive the volume at the actual
cost Of printing aud binding. No money
need be sent with pedigrees.
The four volumes already published will
be sent postpaid on receipt of $3.50.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

Prof. Atwater concludes as the result OF
experiments by DR.. Wagner and DR.. Wolff,
that, taking into consideration the amount
of the yield, the percentage of albuminoids,
fat oils aud other carbohydrates contained,
aud the comparative digestibility at different
stages of growth, clover is most valua-
BILE just before it is fully in bloom.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Blue Grass in Illinois.

b. f. johnson writes to the Country Gen.
tleman from Champaign Co, ILL.,:
The magnificent color and growth of blue
grass pastures is just now on every tongue.
While the timothy and clover meadows and
pastures which we're cut down and eat down
bare last summer and fall, are carrying but q
light burden and snort bite, blue grass pas
lures seem all the better and more vigorous
for the depasturing they have gone through
with. The more one sees of blue grass the
more it grows in ones estimation, but it takes
half a life time to get fully impressed with
the fact that it is the grass paramount of the
prairie state,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

The commissioners Of the centennial "as.
sumo" that 700 head of cattle will cover all
desirable entries, and apportion the stalls
upon that basis-270 to Short Horns, lao
to Channel Islands, 70 to Devons, 70
Holstens, 20 to Ayrshires, and 70
to other pure breeds. Draft and
fat cattle to be admitted irrespec-
tive of breed.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

Geo. Il. Waring, says in ScriJner's Maga-
zine, that the farmers of Holland frequently
cover their cows in summer with linen blan-
kets tied in place to guard them from the
attacks Of insects, and to shelter them from
the frequent raw sea winds. 1t is usual, too,
to set up in the pasture fields convenient
scratching.poes against which the cattle may
rub their sides and necks with evident ad-
vantage.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
Forests and Rain.

The much.discussed question of the inau-
ence of forests upon rainfall has lately been
made the subject of very interesting observa.
tions by Fautrat and Sartiaux in France.
Instruments for determining the amount of
rainfall, degree Of saturation Of air (by
moisture), evaporation, and temperature,
were placed at an elevation of about six
meters (lsl) above the tops of trees-oak
and beech-in the midst OF forest covering
5000 hectares (l2,350 acres). At the same
elevation, fourteen or fifteen meters above
the surface of an adjoining portion Of cleared
and cultivated land, aud at distance of 800
meters 1884 feet) from the edge of the forest,
similar instruments were placed, and stimuli
taneous daily observations made. The first
report of these, from February to July, 1874,
inclusive, showed, for the period Of six months,
q total rainfall over the forest of 1925 mil
limeters q inches), while that over the open
ground was only III millimeters. The aver.
age for each Of the six months was larger
over the forest than the cleared land. The
same was true Of the degree Of saturation of
the atmosphere, the monthly average in the
one case being sixty-three per cent. aud in
the other GIL per ccht The authors con-
elude that, if the daily observations in the
future accord with those already made, it
may be regarded as demonstrated that forests
form vast apparatus for condensation of
moisture, aud that there is more rain upon
them than upon open land.
[larpers for July.
This is very important question and we
are glad to see efforts made to solve the prob
lem. 1t must be confessed that we are
slightly incredulous as to a greater amount
Of rain falling over the forest than at 9S4
feet from it. 1t is on the face of it improb-
able, as the old farmer said, when informed
that the earth turned over once in twenty
tonr hours
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

We have received from II. Evans, Spring
Station, WOodford county, KY, the circular
of the 9TH volume of A. j. Alexander 3
"American Short-Ilorn Record"
The plan upon which the Record is COM
piled requires every ancestor or cross to be
entered, not only making it complete in itself,
but putting the information in the most COM
pact and convenient form.
No female is allowed to go in except she
has proved breeder. Every animal must
trace on the side of both sire aud dam to
imported animals. The charge for each an
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

1t is reported that the Marquis of LOrne
and his princess will visit this country. The
Chicago Times promises him cordial recep-
tion and entire immunity from the social
vexation of being separated from his wife in
company by court rules, and advises him to
get little money from his wife's relations
if he has not enough Of his own, and "go
west, young man" and buy farm.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
sls5 0l

My lambs were sold at weaving time. L
had the same sixty-fve sheep and three of
my best eve lambs left. My flock consisted
of thirteen eve lambs, fourteen one-year.old
ewes, and thirty-eight breeding and barren
ewes. think my flock was worth more in
the fall than year ago, enough to pay for
shearing, &c. Now, allowing twenty tons
of hay to keep one hundred sheep sixty,fvo
sheep will eat thirteen tons. Allowing fifty
cents per head for pasturiug sixty-6ve sheep,
=S3250, to be taken from S25S.00, =
S225.50 for thirteen tons of hay, Dividing
S225,50 by l3 =sl7.34 per ton for hay fed
to my sheep. also feed some carrots and
grain to my sheep, and think it takes less
hay and is as cheap as hay at Sl7.3i per
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
A Good Exhibit for Flock of Sheep.

Thomas w. Praddex, writes from Hanover
N. H., to the New England Farmer;
In looking over my last years (lS74) ac-
count with my sheep, | find | have received
from my flock Of sixty Ave merino sheep, as
follows -
Cash for wool at i5c lb................. lsj o.
" lambs. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 20 "
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16
NtrhtnMt Ratmtt
PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY ny
ROYAL CUMMINGS,
ST. JoHNsBURY, WI.
c. HORACE HUBBARD, Agricultural Ed'r
p. o. Address, Springfield, We.


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One six months. .One DoliArs
One copy three months, on trial, Fify Gents.
Free OF Postage TO any Point I'm the United
states or Canada.
An papers stopped when the subscription has expired
In requesting change Of address, the postoce Il IL to be
changed should be given well rs the address
In Clubs.-four copies paid at time, Six Dollars
This reduces the $3.50 per copy yet let one
suppose that four different persons subscribing at different
and paying Sl5O each would amount to the thing
The object Of the club Is busfRess IL
person. order his paper for $780, must get three Of
his neighbors join with him. then the publisher stands
chance Of getting three Subscribers, thereby
increasing business and enabling him TO afford the low terms
II and for the bit Of trouble saved that
club terms made.
Communications the Agricultural Department should
be addressed 70 the Agricultural EditOr at sprnghed, VI
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1875-07-16

Communications for the Agricultural Department should
be addressed the Agricultural Editor at sprngheld W.
The daily gazette., 1875-04-15
What Fish Culture has Done,

Many eroakers are constantly COM
planning that the science of pisciculture
is failure that the Stocking of
streams has not recuited in any increase
of the supply of fish in such streams.
The reverse Of this, as We have repeated
ly shown, is the case. Hon. r. b.
Roosevelt, one of the fish commits
sioners of New York, lectured ON this
subject in Cooper Institute, New York
on Saturday evening last. He said that
very rapid strides had been made in the
culture and propal alton Of fish in this
country in the last few years. Shad.
which was scarce and sold for S8 a
hundred pounds, before the introduc-
tion of breeding grounds in the Hudson,
have since bsen abundant, selling for g.
50 hundred pounds. A female shad
will produce 10000 eggs at q time, and
these il properly protected will produce
| 10000 young shad in q week. Every
year, for the last few years, 92,000 .00O
young shad had been placed in the Con-
netticut river, and from ten to twelve
millions in the Hudson and had it not
| been for the few who have taken an in
terest in fish culture these rivers to-day
would be bairen.-This is valid testi
mony to the point and ought to silence
the incredulous long enough to give the
millions Of young fish chance to reach
maturity and see what they will amount
The daily gazette., 1875-04-15

On THE RIsE.-Real estate is ON the
rise in New Castle. We have heard of
several lots that were purchased few
years ago that could not be had now for
double the price the owners paid for
them. Other lots of more recent pur-
chase have been sought at considerable
advance. 1t is calculated that the new
city at the head of the bay will contain a
population Of from 1900 to 5000 with
in the next five years. If this should
prove true, all the vacant lots within
the old town limits will double their
present value; while several farms that
are included in the present city limits
may be expected to exhibit ragged
edges" that may bring more money
than the whole would have done one
year ago. The citizens, however. must
be careful how they put their property
up 1t they desire rapid growth. Moth.
ng retards the growth of place more
than the estimates which rich holders
sometimes place upon land. Cheap lots
are great Inducements to builders and
those who propose to introduce indus
trial works. Wilmington suffered long
and severely from this cause if some Of
our prominent men may be credited
High estimates for land that will now
not sell for half that was demanded fol
ltwhen it was needed, is the prime cause
OF 1T not being covered with works that
would have given labor to hundreds ot
men to-day. Just such mistakes will b,
made In the future. Experience in sucl
matters is improved by those who ar,
active and vigilant. but the masses heet
not the lesson.
The daily gazette., 1875-04-15
GENERAL NEV.S

The Prohibition State Convention of
a Mew York will meet at Syracuse on the
ticket. d H'a1e
Inc Methodist Conference at Poueh-
xeepsle adopted resolution yesterday
protesting against any apportionment
OF the monevs of the State for tho bana
ut of Catholic Schools '''o ''ne-
A mass meeting of Irishmen and friends
OF ireland, IN memory of John Mitchell
aud John Martin, was held in Roit;mnna
aast night. Mayor Vanzant presided, and
aaoresSes were made by DR.. J. G. Waters
Hon VIM. p. Preston and others. .
The Industrial Congress of the q. 8 :"
now in session at Indianapolis, has nnon.
imously adopted resolutions exnress;no
sympathy with the striking miners IN
the Pennsylvania coal region, and reoues, 81
ing all organized bodies of working nler
throughout the. country to forward t.
the Treasurer of the Congress contribn
tions for the support OF the strikers.