New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-05-04
THE ADDHfSS.

CYNTILmnN: Again have 10 thank You for
comforting upon the honorable Office Of President. IN
the brief review of the progress Of Sue Society," ncb a.
the going President, my duty IT. make, have
touched upVn hUse points IL afaiIs Which appeared
specaIly worthy Of attention and 10 OulY remains
t. ese deliver Inaugural a'ress assuming for
Nm. second tim. she Office Ia which y your aifIanl
have rlscied. In choosing the subject, The Bran
Nos the sole Organ Of the Mind" appears 10 ~ reets
sary shoud. in The first place. clearly as p'S'hc
express ny relative The connections bel wen the
mind and the system. and o the nature Of THAI
power which, In liz fan development places ut The
head animals. We have dence 10 show
that tic mind independently Of The nervous
sysien the contrary. every fact in our possession
bearing upon Tho question Of nToir relation goee
10 prove that wheTr tbern Is no nervous sye-
tenn thure Is no mind, aud that whcTr there
is injury or dcrangefnent Of the nervous syS-
there IL corresponding injury or derSns"intni Oh
the mind The nerrons systeIu consists OF two tsSfn
TALLY different TISSUES shieh dsiibuird In vary
Ing proportions throughout the organism The
use Of these the gauEli1Dic. Ut gray It's
sue Is collected ih IN the brain. tho
spinal cord and In the Of the raniheacns OF the
xraat sympifhetir Tue OtLu. the white tissne
exs much larger proportion and IA also oand III thu
brain and spinal cord watch 1t eonstitues the larger
quantity. Examined miorcscOpieaily thu gray matter is
found 10 10 composed cells while the bite matter
siss VI hbcys AS regards function tho difference Sill
greater fT the gray matter Is the generator Vi nerve
fore lille the white simply scrYfs the medium by
which the fUree IL transmitted.
The brain by ff the Largest OF nerve substance
contained in the body Of any animal possessing brain
indeed exceeds In bulk and wei eht ali the rest OF
the system together. The RESEARCHES al
Europoan observers give lDI2 the weight of
the average brain Of the white inabtAnt Of Europe,
the xinum that Of Cuved being G4S and the
msxmun consistent with fair degree CT intelligence
81 onnres wriastsr's bran-aiiowsnrs being made for
disease which existed-Weigbed 62& OUNCES DR..
Ahc,e0mbies. % ounces. and hIaTzlien's, 55liB
ounces Tho average Of "a American brains aratey
weighed by Dr. Ira Eusso 52OG ennoos; the SAINT
observer found the average full negro brain as
determined AZ spceimnns IN be only 4696
The capacity OF Heasters Uranium was tho largest on
record. being 1872 cubic inches that OF tho TcutOnc
family including English. GermnDs and Americana. is 92
cubic inclGs La the native African negro Ii 81 cubic
inches aud in tbs Australian AMI HOlteniot only 10
The train Of the idiot seldom weighs 81 and
u 0nB much .ess than ths In one instance coming
under my own observation the weight OF tho mature
brain only 13's Mr. Core has relnted III fhe
AathropoioSc Resiew the particulars Of Of i,i
cr,njlaiy, which the brain weighed only 10 ounces
and grains The su1cet female though az years Of
age had intellect hieh described as iDianic Bhe
could ray = few words, such I" good child"
" morning" with tOicrablo dsiincLifess. but
without convection clear meaning. aud wns
quite incapable Of anything like conversation. Her
habits were decent and cieaDy bat she could not feod
herself, loaot WIN "a
Bbe was fond Of carrying and Nursing doll In care
desrrilod In Subsequent number OF tho journal
Prof Marshall the weight OF tire entire bruin only
sie ounces The sub oct hoy IL years of ages
Nothing said relative to the Intelligence manifested
THK BgAISa or ASIMALs.
senret found the mean proportional weight Of The |
brain 10 rest VI the body 70 be in fishes Ia 5bs
The range In thrso animals H. however very great In
e bas. found the result OF IL obsery atoms ~ be
NJ 70 523; In the eel. after % observation to
1929. and In the goldfish. sfor observations. as
tn 1913 In reptiles OF different orders Scurci deter
nned the average to he a. to ,32. found the pro
portion In frogs be SO; In lizards AS to $780,
and Ia the ratilosnake NJ TO is25. The brain Of
alligator over six fcct in length which 1 examined |
weighed only little half
Next in order tbs birds. aud hero find yery
cc,ded inrrease In the proportion. Frum many deter
limitations made by Halter Cnrirr Carus and himself |
Seur6t gives the average 10 d. In tho toiht he
found 10 IL, IN ie canary bird as Ia IA. IN the
pigeon to Oh. In tho duck " 24l In tho Chicken
a. 70 377, and IN the goose 70 5000. These are
very ereat NJ and SfuIet remarks huye
constant rotation to tle intelligence. it Is worthy Of
notice the brain pr0portiOnatey smaller In toec
birds which dOmesiicaihd ana WHICH consequently
do not have struggle for existence,
aH in the Wild birds. and their bodies therefore,
more incumborod by fat Prom determinations which !
ia The United STATES in weight, compared 10 that of the
body was as 70 1854 and IN the Arctic sparrow rs To
H.. No observations on record SHOW propOrtonauy
laTg ger brains than these 4
Among uau aals find a stifl greater Increase In the
geiyht brain. compared with that OF the body
Bonict found IL ~ range H tao monkey as 10 ~ "a
and Is In the dOlphn II " 80: n the cat 49,
~ 81 ia the rat 100 In the fox as 10 300 In
the dog 10 3O3 in the sheep IA u 32l IN tue
the class OF mammals exclusive Of uIan, a. u
ls6 NY own observations accord very closely win