The New York herald., 1875-08-31

$4,000 900 children 1t will subsequently be that
1t is important to bear this fact in mind The inhab
tants OF Serva distinguished for bodily strength
and beauty; ardent, poetical minds peculiar manners
and customs, to which time will not allow reference
and great love for music and freedom They one
of the most gifted and promising branches of the Slave
race IL is, consequently no wonder that the Porte
fears the community OF ideas existing between them
and the Herzegovinans. The trade of the country
would be very great were It not for the lack of rail-
ways II is nominally under the suzeranty of the
Porte, and pays yearly tribute of $500 900 piasres
The autonomy Of the country settled at the Treaty
or Paris in 1856 It's capital is Belgrade of which II is
necessary to say nothing here inasnuch its history
is generally well known in connection with the earlier
nvasons Of the Turks. 1t is much moro important to
know that by the treaty of Belgrade Q7S9 Turkey be-
came possessed of the whole of servla The Porte
cording to its in conquest left the servans the
enjoyment of their own constitution, probably because
too lazy to make for them but utterly out
their patience by the arbitrary tyranny Of the pachas
and the ghtu atrocities OF the anssaries The latter
simply plundered the land though had been city
taken by storm. An insurrecton was the result
George Czerny, surnamed the ''Black" defeated the
Turks in several battles, stormed Belgrade and
gained the independence OF the country The inter-
vening portion of Servias history unimportant for
present purposes.
RUssIAs RELATIONS TO THE SITUATION.
In 1912 Russia appeared the scene and from
that time to the present has never turned her
eyes away from this principally And here, be 1t
stated, have probably the main reason Of these
periodically recurring revolts Although during the
troubles of 1850, in which the Austrian monarchy
nearly foundercd, servia internally undisturbcd,
still the presence OF Russian army in Austria called
into existence patriotic Slave party, whose aim
to drive Islam out of Europe and with this view strove
with might and main after alliance with Russia.
The Montenegrn revolt of 1923 only intensified
this feeling. servia prevented from trying
cusons with the Crescent simply by government
that did not represent the popular feeling and
the threatened hostility Of surrounding Powers
Previous TO this however In 1885, the presence OF
Turkish troops the foresses of Serva and OF Turks
in the quarter of Belgrade similar to the Jewish Ghetto
in Rome gave rise to bloody conflicts
Again, in 1862 the feeling between the Turks and
Christians, consequent upon the revolt in Bosnia,
Herzegovina aud Montenegro, became so bitter
that the Christian population OF Belgrade stormed
the Turkish quarter and drove the osmanlis
into the fortress itself During truce agreed
upon for purposes Of treating the Turkish commander
bombarded the city, and only dcssted upon the indg
nant remonstrances of the foreign consuls The state
of things considered serious that occupied the
attention Of Austria France, Great Britain, Italy Prus
sa and Russia, at Constantinoplc These Powers
that any extension Of the theatre Of hosttics would
lead to general European war, and as war is an ex
pensve and hazardous thing they thought It better to
solve the difficulty Professionally in peaceful fashion
France was recovering from the Of 1850, Austria
was exhausted; England was apathetc; Russia
expectant but tmid; Italy nowhere II not
engaged in pulling down Italian thrones and
Prussia was preparing for her short
and bloody conflict with Austria in 1860
The mutual disrust Of the great Powers induced them
to postpone the division ofthe sck Man's inheritance
The Crimean but phase of the question of
which the revolt in Herzegovina another The pro.
cctorae Of Russia the Christians of the East was
disputed by England and France and led to that bloody
war The French occupation Of Syria OF the Morea
were led up to by the II would be an un.
grateful task TO give detailed account OF the per.
pcualy recurring revots in the European domnons OF
the Porte Hardly year passes that does not witness
struggle between the Padscha and his Christian sub.
jects 1t may be generally assumed that well governed
people do rebel But the causes of these revos lie
much deeper than in mere temporary misgoveriment
These causes will now be briefly discussed.
CHRISTIANS BLIGHrISa HATRED.
The first Is the inveterae hatred existing between the
Turk and the Christian in the East The anmosity ola
vanquished toward conquered pce is that will
perpetuae itself for centuries where the races do
become fused II disparity Of creed be added
we have all that Is necessary to perpetuatc
such hatred 1t would be difficult matter to give the
real measure of the ancor mutually entertained to-
ward each other by the Christian and Moslem 1t can
be best done by comparison Tho feeling of the South
toward the North al the conclusion of our war
not Of any very overpowerinG tenderness A