The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1875-07-02

Dssfdfd-Ihs Nation Really Ruled.
Not BY Chiefs but by Societies OF War
riors.
I Especial Correspondent q the Chicago Tribune ]
OMAHA. June l2.-Now that Red Cloud,
and Spotted Tail, and American Horse.
and Sitting Bull. with his thrce-knived
war-club and his new rife from the Psesi-
dent. have hied them back TO the land
I from which they came, the public i BE-
4 ginning 10 inquire. 'Who are these Sioux,
anyhows And who are these people thar
would defy tje nation and exclude the
American people from portion of it,
own domain Where do they come from
What is their history? And how MANY
do they number:'
The SIOUX NATION
consists OF 2s,300 people divided into
twelve tribes, connected by blood relation
ship, and all OF which speak the same
language. With them are allied. by asso-
citation and intermarrage, 400 Northen
Cheyennes and Arapahoes, relatives Of
the Southern Cheycnnes and Arapahoes
ofSouthern Kansas and Northern Texas.
OF these 81 600 Sioux and affiliatins tribes.
10000 are able-boded warriors. well
mounted on Indian ponies OF great en-
durance, and partially armed with repeat
ing and breech-loading arms, obtained
from white traders. from the Government
as presents, on the war-path, or in trade
with Northern Indians, who in turn pro-
cured them from British traders beyond
our northern boundary. hey occupy the
country bounded on the north by the 10Th
degree Of north latitude, on the south by
the northern boundary line OF the State
OF Nebraska, on the east by the Missouri
River. and on the west by the 10th degree
sflf A
bncing an area of 40. so square miles, or
25,964 500 acres OF land. especially set
aside for them as the Sioux Reservation
by the treaty Of 1865; and. by authority
granted them in the same treaty, they
roam and hunt over the country from the
Plaste River on the south to tie Yellow
stone and Missouri Rivers on the north.
and from the Missouri River on the east
TO the summit OF the Big Horn Noun
tains on the west.
The SIOUX CAME ORIGINALLY
from the country bordering on the Upper
Mississippi River, whence they were
driven by the Ghippcwas into Southern
and Western Mnresota-"the land of the
DakOfasr- from which latter locality they
crossed the Missouri River. driving before
them the Pawnees. Cheyennes. Arapa-
hoes. Crows. anl Snakes or ShOshones
Ia the year 1882, the Sioux and Chey-
ennes. fighting for possession OF the cOun-
try, had great battle on the Chug River,
50 miles south of the present site Of Fort
Laramie, az which large numbers We're
killed or both sides. After the fight. an
understanding between the confending
forces was arrived al. resulting in the ces-
sion TO the Sioux OF the territory lying
north OF the Platte River, and the reten-
ton by the Cheyennes of the country
south thereof. The Cheyennes and Arapa-
hoes then became associated together. and
lived ia comparative harmony iii lSl4,
when, social feud breaking out among
them, 40 lodges Tor wigwams) OF the
Cheyennes and 90 OF the Arapahoes went
north and assimilated with the Sioux. In
ls4l, similar feud had broken out in the
Sioux camps. when lis lodges Of Sioux
went south. and ranged with the Chey-
ennes in the Valley of the Republican
River. in Nebraska and Kansas, and were
called
''cUT-oFFs,"
"a name which they hold to this day. A
lodge il estimated by these Indians az six
persons. two OF them warriors These
seeding northern Cheyennes and Arapa-
hoes and southern Sioux have. from ISL
TO the present time. been. continually
changing as parties have Joined their re-
specuve bands from the parent tribes. or
have left them 10 return 10 their old aifilia-
tons. For while. in 1863. the northern
ArapahOes became estranged from their
Sioux relatives, and made ovcrtnres 10 the
eastern Shoshones, or Snakes. To join
them on their reservation IN the Wind
River Valley. and TO form an alliance with
them, offensive and defensive. against the
Sioux: but Washable. the Chief OF the
Shoshones. fearing treachery upon the
part Of the Arapahoes, refused 10 listen To
their propositions, and they remained with
Sioux. with whom they are now in per-
feet harmony. The Sioux are AT constant
war with the Pawnees, Utes, Crows,
Snakes, and Arickarees.
THE TWELVE TRIBES
of the Siou. are the Brules, the Ogallal-
labs, the mixed Brules and Ogallallahs,
the lanctonnais. the Minneconi0ux. the
Uncpapas. the sans Arcs. the Oyochpas,
the Blackfeet. the Two Kettles, the Cut
Heads. and the Santees. These tribes are
again divided into bands, which embrace
at times many shifting members from the
several grand divisions of the sioux, after
the fashion of the Cut-Ofis, the Cheyennes,
and the Anpahoes.
The Brules consist of Red Clouds band,
which numbers $50 persons Of Iron
Shells band, Of 24O and Spotted Tails
band. OF l ,2OO. The Ogalallahs consist of
Red Clouds band Of 600; of Man-Airaid-
of-his-H orse's band. Of 960; OF the kiocsias
or Cui-Ofs. under Pawnee- Killer, Bull
Bear. and Little Wound, numbering 600;
and the I.oafers. numbering ls0. From
this 1t appear. that R,d Cloud has fol-
lowing partly of Brules aud partly of
Ogalallahs, which form division OF
themselves known as - the Mixed Brules
and Ogallallahs." The Oyochpas, under
Standing Bull and Red Dog. number $50.