The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1875-06-28

the agreements upon Which III EHb bltnhNs pC-
tween Japan ana other nations have been based.
Az ne is known TO have been always ac tuated by
mis- example IN making the tarin part OF the
treaty at the outset, has been frequently held up
In Justification OF the claim that Il must always
remain so. II has been urged over and over
again, that the Japanese are bound not 10 protest
against the perpetuaton OF system lnaugurated
ny the only foreign Minister whom they believe TO
have ever been truly their friend. We now see
what the motives tnat Influenced Mr.
Harris really were, ana "nat were m, ms
winch Japan should be bound by hts con-
ventioD. And IL may be added that although he
suggested the expiration OF ten years as suitable
time for general revision, he provided for an
earlier reconsideration OF this particular subject
Regulations of 1s5S-the purpoSt OF winch Is also
repeated Ia the treaties with otner Western ma
ing OF Kanagasa QB59l, the import ana export
duties shall be subject 10 revision II the japanese
government desires it.n
MR., HARRISl OPINION or RX-rERRIToRIAL JURISDIC-
In regard to the clause securing ex-territorial
jurisdiction Mr.. harris Is even more emphatic. lie
says
The provision OF the treaty giving the right OF exerr
toriay TO all Americans in Japan was against CON
Secretary Of State in 1856 be strongly condemned
try which no western nation would toIerste for mo-
ment; bat he said that would be impossible have
treaty with Oriental naion unless IL contained that
provision Tue examples OF treaties with Turkey
S he ss a & a mott
s but ond Nope hat oRers sy s Ss' II f
gated.
the circumstances under which these two
stipuatlOns which now irrltate so grievOusiy the
sentiment OF national pride and Independence IN
this country were originally nominated In the
bond are now sufficiently apparent Few persons
who nave watched with any degree OF sympathy
the course Gf japanese affairs for the last ten
years can fail TO regret that the represen taton OF
the United states was not continued in the hands
TO which IL was first intrusted, or that IL was not
confded to others that should insure the lulnI-
ment OF the treaty IN the spirit IN which IL WAS
conceived. The tartn and the ex-territorial rule
were never meant TO be sources OF lasting oppres-
sion ana humiliation TO Japan. Minister Ike
MIR. Harris would not have made them so, and II
his design had been faithfully carried out neither
would DE IN operation at this day. Ana II needs
only glance at tue recently published letters
and journals OF Loru Elgn who negotiated the
FIRST English treaty, TO show what would have
been MS estimate OF the manner IN which
these arbitrary provisions have been held against
the nation whlcp subscribed TO them in help
less ignorance, and which now wrlfhes under
them with a sense OF bitter injury that years OF
tardy redress VIII hardly appease. u has been In
the inevitable order OF affairs thab America ana
England nave continued 70 hold, by one agency or
another, and chiefly that OF terrorism, para
mount influence over the government OF Japan,
but nothing ~ more certain than tnat their later
representatives have been neither Harr1ses nor
Egins. u should not be supposed tnat the aver
sion o. the Japanese to the interference III their
tari and judiciary rights arises solely from leel-
ing OF wounded national PRIDE. u IS serious.
practical question as Well In both cases they
consider that their most vital interests
assailed. Japan Is not wealthy country. It's
productions are few ana its industries are limited.
1ney were abunuant Tor the requirements OF the
people under the OLD system OF ISOLATION, and they
are still sufficient to meet all abso ute needs; but
with the advent OF foreigners and the adoption or
foreign ideas, new demands have sprung up
when cannot be satisfied at present, excepting
at cost which the resources oil the land are not
capable Of meeting. The government, therefore.
recognize double necessity for an Increase OF
the tariff upon various articles OF import. They
need larger revenue from duties upon what Is
legitlmatelJ brought into the ports, and they
need go have IN their own hands the means or
checking any inordlnale outiows OF capital
TnE IMPORTS ARE ALREADY IN EXCESS or THR Ex-
PORTS
to an extent which Is unquesti0naby dangerous.
Few OF these imports-it might be said scarcely
nny-are articles or necessity for the Japanese.
Fifteen wears ago the bulk oil them were totally
unknown here. To this day they are in general
sense luxuries, although the use OF them
another generation would make them almost in
dispensable. But their Introduction on bread
scale mar De deerred dozen years or
any number OF years without affecting
A NATION that has always lived, Tor example. with
out knowing what woolen goods are can easily
90 on q little longer in the same painless igno-
rance. Meanwhile, the government may take
measures 10 secure tor Japan the production O Its
own wo lien goods 81 nome. La TACT very large
enterprise Is about TO be established under Amer
lcan auspices that Is 10 say, with the cooperation
ana assistance Of Americans, by which the present
rulers expect 20 make s1eep growing and the pro-
auction OF WOOL powerful industry IN the land.
Even Mr. Mn woud not pretend tnat an eirofE or
TINS sort does not require protection. IL IL pre-
eisely one Of the things which he declares ought
10 DC projected. IL has every reasonable pros
pect or an enormous success provided tue specula-
lions IL cheap wooen goods OF En- Gland are not SUI
tered 70 strange i before IL has ~ tanned healthy
growth. Tue situation - not one IN which an out
cry can DO raised that the needs OF the people
must be satisfied on the easiest terms TO them
selves. That question does not enter into the
sderatiou at ali, Tor up 10 THIS lime there exists
no popular need. the community at large do not
ask for wOoien goods, not even knowing as yet
what they are. It is the desire or the British Su-
perInten0ent OF Trace IN the East the British
Minister rejolces also In this lunction 10 create
the nesn, or cause y to be created IN order thas
HIS cOuntrymen snail have the opportunity OF sup
plying IL. Tne desire Is thoroughly natural one,
In view OF the fact tnat the condition OF Eng
lands manufactures " now such as 70 make the
rapid extension OF her markets almost matter
OF lie or death But II Is no less natural that Inc
japanese should resist schemes, the ful-
nlment OF which would sun fur
ther exhaust their scanty resources,
ana In course or time make the m comaercialiy
dependent upon the great trading power OF the
West. As IL Is with tais matter OF wooden goods,
so II ia win many others, indeed With very
Their gradual introduction into common use
would Undoubtedly be advantageous; Dut there Is
them tnat Japan is not able uo supply herself
witn under favorable conditions Of productive de-
yeiOpmens
WHAT MUST BE DONE.
II Is, however, obvious that, in order 10 &C.
e0mpli,h any results IN TINS direction, sue must
be untrammelled by restrictions upon ner tarlir
n tue government had Il not IN tnelr power 60
prevent the new Industries from being over
whelmed az any moment oy crushing western
competition, the experiment would die out before
ID could get ialrls INTO operation. Aud II Is 10
prevent them from resumIng thls p0Wer-whch
EelOuHA 10 tucn dS Nht OIL Draw
ing breath belongs 10 any nylng being--that TIE
foreign Ministers now combine. some OF them
are, as individuals opposed 70 this INDUSTRIOUS IN
yasiOn OF an inherent national privilege. Ihe
vOy OF toe United states ~ cOnspiCu0usly against
IL, but his action ~ paralJ zed anu hs voice stted
by the anomalous rule OIL "ulplOm2tiC c0-opera-
TOM which was supposed 70 be essential to West
eru policy IN Japan IN tue early days, and which
Mr. FISH mas recently distinguished himself Dy re-
wing with great DlaTe ana flourish. AZ mat
ter OF truth, the system OF ''co6perationn MAS
always an Illusion. ana Its perpetuatlOn has
come thoroughly mischIey0us IL IL especially
injurious TO the position Of the United States
mere never was a time when tne interests Of
America were akin To those OF England, aud
now thcT arc widely asunder There II no
identity ~ purpose IA the Eastern movements OF
the two countries bat the influence Of America
Is forced into unison with that OF England by the
thoughtless decree Of q Secretary Of State, who
mas Probably never Ryen a moments solid con
alteration 10 the question, and the Minister OF the
Republic 10 compelled 10 J0iu hands with the
superintendent Of British Trade In the lgnObe
WORK Of lettering the independence OF friendly
nation. Nobody disputes the activity and energy
Uf the British representative In Japan, aud MS
courage M asserting and maintaining the preten.
at.4 az ia RI rad