New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1875-01-12
RECIPROCITY OPPOSED.

DESIRE TO GAIN AN ENTRY INTO TIKI AMERICAN
coAsrING TRADE--,N INDEPENDENT LINK OF RAIL
WAY TO THE PACIFIC.
IN, Edffor or TIE Tribune.
SIR: At meeting of tho Social Science Associa
+on held at Glasgow the 9th of October, 1874 SiI
.caoree Campbell, who was loudly cheered in the
course Of his address, observed:
lam firmly convinced that the British genius 10 not
.ntrazug hut Of an intensely local and
Character. Ionscrve that the moment man born and
I'D in these files settles colony dependency no
Eases 20 put first the feelings OF EnGlishman the
~ his views INTERESTS he IS always ready 10 decry
The Of the mother country as opposed to the
local interests which he has espoused he Is very ouchy
and difficult to deal with. For TINS reason especially
resent the whole empire, and every scheme OF that
hind believe that must come aud is coming to this,
t sssed the interference of the British Paria.
,nent must almost cease, and we must be con-
tent 10 maintain long conveniently may be loose
roIitics connection through the Crown head OF the
State The bead Of the state would then act arber
.i,e disputed questions and maintain concord for
generation or two. But colonies are like children; and
tnry on another continent, has its politics. connec
t;ops and complication there aud is practically out OF
delay aud would relieve this country OF the many embar
Ta@mens to which the connection may give rise. Can
den and a risk Tue Australian Colonies ere DIFF
ferenty situated, aud direct connection with them
present
Sir George Campbell added lie was not one of those
who believed in the possibility of uniting the Colo
MES and the mother country in perpetual bond and
concord. The ignorance Of the English in regard to
The Colonies was natural and insuperable. 1t was
hardly possible that they could bring the people of
that country, who bad many and pressing interests
of their OWL to take q sufficient interest in the ex
tremely varied, difficult, and complicated affairs of
countries at the opposite ends of the globe English
men could never have sufficient knowledge and in
e. Ill ~
identify themselves fully and fairly with the feel
ings of colonsts With regard to the relative posi-
+on of their country and the Colonies. he thought
they had true analogy in father and son, instead
Of mother and daughter. The indirect burdens to
which they were exposed by their connection with
Canada were enormous, and he did not see that they
Gained anything directly or exclusively by that
connection. HI was therefore inclined to think that
in such case as that of Canada the sooner tho con-
nection was severed the better.
ENGLANDs ALLEGED OBJECTS N TIE TIrATY.
The draft Of treaty has been published by the
Bureau Of Statistics, and It's provisions are now open
70 criticism. 1t is protocol or programme submit
Ted by tho British plenipotentiares TO Mr.. Fish,
through him to the President, and by the latter to
The Senate The message Of the President gives no
official sanction TO the treaty, but merely asks the
advice OF the Senate 1t becomes therefore, before
it is sanctioned by the Senate, to discuss it as a
proposition emanating from Great Britain, and to
ask what objects she has view and what does she
seek to accomplish by her diplomacy.
There are certain objects she obviously has in
view. First: To prevent the absorption of Canada
by our Republic. Second: To check the great emf
grafton from Canada to the United States. Third:
To build ships for the United States. and to obtain
share of its great coasting trade. Fourth: To
A. 4
and maintain her supremacy on the sea. Fifth: To
keep hold on the continent, by which she may i'll
case Of war control the lakes and St. Lawrence and
in peace evsde our customs on long frontier.
Sirh: To obtain at the cost of Canada and by loans
on its credit an Independent route to China.
Great Britain, in the Treaty of Washington, did
not look merely TO the adjustment of the Alabama
claims. The clause as to the fisheries not only
opened our markets to the maritime provinces for
their great staple. but the entering wedge of
Free Trade aud blow aimed at orr manufactures
and navigation. 1t magnihed the value of the three
mile line. using it both as lever and wedge. We
have in the United States 1000 sail of fisher
men, ranging from so to 100 tons; three-fOurths of
these fish on the banks of Newfoundland, or
the coasts of the Northern States aud the
other fourth visit the Gulf of st. Lawrence.
By the Treaty OF Paris and the award of the umpire
nnder a subsequent treaty, they have a night to fish
on all the great bays of Canada. and do not earn
$4,000 annually within the three-mile line, and
would not pay $4,000 year for the right to cross
it, proved by the results of the license system
of Canada. For the right to cross this line we have
already paid many times its value by granting TO
Great Britain the free admission of fish, with access
to the bait found only on coast, and to the yau
able fisheries of that coast also with right to pre-
clo FIR iuHa A has
already been gwen to our fisheries, and they
lnguishing but Great Britain does not consider it
sufficient. and now proposes to strike again.
ANNEXATION TO BE NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. TO
BE CHECKED.
The first object is to prevent the union Of the Prov
inces with the States To accomplish this she must
open to them new markets since they have lost the
monopoly of her own. few years since Nova
Scotia and Prince Edward Island were ready to join
US To retain them she has entangled them in
treaty with Canada and then propitiated them by
giving them 100000 customers for their fish,
and by discOuraging our fishermen who pay duties
on their outfits. And now she uses her reserve
claim for compensation to open the markets Of the
Union for most Of the products Of Canada. giving it
a. 900 900 customers in exchange for 3,75OOOO for
very few of the products Of the United States. If
she can accomplish this she may hold Canada with
out 1t Canada is lost.
The second object of Great Britain is to check emf
gation from Canada Since the repeal Of the treaty
the migration from Canada and through Canada
into the States has been close upon O.OOO year.
Most of the emigrants from Europe who land at
ouebeo or Montreal pass Oh to the Western States,
many native Canadians, also, yearly crossing the
border and being recorded in the books OF our Gus
tom-hOusos. Many French Canadians also cross
without record and settle around our factories