, 1875-05-30
WORD-STUDIES.,
Primitive Meanings Of Some Tern,z ,n,
Expressions in Common Use.
ihe' Usefulness Of Tracing Word, ID rb.,,
sources--~Exaet Definition.

,o3 sa sources~-~Exaet Definition.
~ ~ Er'tstn tor TIE Chicago 7,.,:x -: z Z
n Fok. What Do you read, my lord
ID n9'"~ Words words, words!
=. =. Aamf'k, DIT H.aa
~ ~ oeio1e Inc spelling mania ceases en.ita'x
ae you'd 30 se1l that: so1ao EXAMPLES niah, b...
u, IN influential quarters which might le,d -
10 more elevated rouno on the literary i.3do- -
IL shls END it ia suggested that Competitive 49,
;, oe hencefor;h encouraged in giving tbe ety,sa,
"a ogy and definitions OF worda aftar ,h~t- .uo'
: or'hog1aphy has been aettted. W. are 1s4.s: ss
= upon no''eas authority than that of Sir I.ss.1
o Aaclntoah that "in language like onra -h.ss
so many words are derived from s.s oss.E
I languages. there are taw ,:modes ~ 49,
= struct1on more useful OF more aninsin5 ~ -.
that Of tracing ont tho etgmolocy and n,,s.. n1
> meaning OF the words We use Tha1a sra -
> IN which knowledge at moro real va.ue n.- 80 =.
conveyed FROM tbs hiesory Of 8ord ,b,o ;...e ~
, the HISTORY Of camaaign.' I'll
= woaD-srun1Es., \.::s
NO" suppose We examine this short fnot,.;1.
Tor whlie, We shall soon dnd tha ey,lsnse y.
the truth. it coutat1s. Let US begin with ~.
WORD derzoe' It means primarily, and N -.
etYmology, TO dow ouf FROM. "a nTanr t,n=1.%
eource; tho last syllable Of the wor1i n ;,ss.s
Identical with the word river. Whon1T 4 ,n.st
Of word being derived, therefore. wa s,,a,~.
tnonsh tn oi.sn uncauao4ooaly, a very posnc,;,
bsu's, bFanebes Ana H. suggest the idea that i
meaning into varlous rauoifc&:1ons an3 ns!..a
tn1oaRn many changes IN 1ts cuplss m ~
"nen "e araak OF tracing ont the de,iya.iors -
wItu, xe nean tlas We viii FOLLOW the conr.s -
OF ibis river mp to it's fount ain head '1' e9e9Pe
/ fEETnrrT1nN y
oext arrests us. Her. We have. 4 fne son-.L
ueeo no less than thak:ot ths,mipa hs1ns NJ
ID order to receive aad abla in This eon itionF ~
coasatn az llllnltaofe amount OF lularmatoa
means a'so to pile up, ~ Ossa on .Pa|iof, H.
mountains to the stars. Aud thur "a r;sse ~
contlnue- Hikos
By Bqt let Us take tbs wori Pagan. The Lin.
' wnrd pagani meant viltase.s; @ and aa on,
word pea+ant seems to havn ~. kssa ~.
formed from. it. But it was ..csa nosa
the r., rural population that CbristlsnitT IS
tae West spread The NOS: SLOWLY, 40 ti.t - !.
tha a1as @aen tne lnhabl ants Of the laege cites
sae ceatres or menta( activity and iuteltpenc6
had for the most part received the tioa ~ 4.
peasante, OF pd90nl, kt1ll- continued n vor.h;n
iAetr old deitles. Hence this word began tn .nr+
sest tue idea OF lido atrv, ani At ieng.h cama q
and oator - vsetIivetf 60 that the words pagan
history OF this single word 1s sufficient to dis.
prove the allegation that tho spread o. chy..;.
aols5 u 'ts early ages Was due to tha iguo1anca
# shoSs hsSs''ts2 tSst ba, 81 It's ze,s sonz,s ,
those t who were the least open 70
thls charge. Perhsus. too tho historv ~ th;s
word Pagan mar help to ACCOUNT for ve,1
curious tact--the shape assigned by the esrlv
1u9 sat9 %suneVai church to the arch-demoo him
sesi" ne Is figured with eleven hoofs, horna.
end tail This was neaefy the figure Of tbs I'd i.
fao' the deity chiefly worahiped by the. poo1ui
Of inhabitants Of villages. 1hs early Chlis3snn
oaet' in literal sense the words Of ths
3esils, aud, seeing that this god Of ths conntTT
'eoP1e stood hls ground longer than ap7 othef:
70 that luis worship continued after that Of iii
be olhet dssiea had ceased not unnatursllT
anne TO the couclusi5n that he was thar CHEF
nd adopted his figure as TINT OF q the rular ri
be darkness Of shs world" 90:
SAXON AND NORMAN R0MExCLATuRk. x
another Instructive bit OF history NAV ba
athsred from the names by which va eai. the
ooles OF our domestic animals when the batchar
as released them from the burdens Of lie md
ade them ready for the table. We learn un-
that, whie these ca4tIe were updsr
10 ReId1ng OF the Saxon serf they want by Sal
names, aud when theY made their appearance
tue banquet OF the Norman lords pe s noteu.
ature awaited them. Thus the Aesh Of The cslf
'comes zeal (veau), Of its nore-adyanced raa1-
70 beef toceuf}; the sheep 5ecomes converted
TO mutton {nouton1 ana eysn the yery baru.
I'd fowls becomes poultry (ponIa). -: !;
TIE VOID VILLAIN. - = -
Itch now conveys the idea OF q Deliberate
ounurel, once meant nothing moSe OF tess thin
~ tae person 80 designated WIS tenant af
lowest class on ths lands Of feudh lord:
1s "a o7!la, farm IN the Latio, came to he rGb
the Norman, aud ptllein, ia il vils-tn. Hh6h
., aud nothing else, "as the asryant en1plo13
tue farm. But inasmuch as thsse fatn-eer-
'ts we're not OF the highest order Ct 4rtue Or
r deeds such aa this class Of folk HeRe
ne 4 nao's OF doing became to be denguated
nose OF villain, and finally the parpetasor
such acts assumed the mama exciuai1aiI 1ud
3@'' ",. ~:
farmer (boer), and sometimes knM or
re. This may account for the kn.va 1f
nps being called the right boey- Or bont: b :
american game Of euchEe, which Is ssid to
neen derived from the efforts at Datah
"no' nas}ng returned from \ yiGt ut NaF !
'ans 70 hes friends IN the West, WAS endeAr. 1
re- we're two words originally, bay.msu md
'ht' ~ which the Same meaning mi&hthe
'eased o0t the former OF thaaa contained
subordinate idea Of poverty aud has Il
oecome knave; while the latter VA r
lally applied to the servants of tbs KIM. Is
SO becama knight. These words axeuplifI 81
military pride Of the fsnda1 asissocracf, . sI
sno" The coutemps with which they lookA y
} nose who psefe1red the peaceful purduits ::
osoandry to those OF &rms.: A siu1iIar fset
aay oe traced in the word cordrd--une who q
fs y she presence OF IN enamy; md cea&t s
J. Who allows himself to be taken cspti4s- =, s
GRAMMAR. 3
{ suspicion With which ail clagges fosuaerfY
ded learning is sufficiently indicated br one Il
q terms of magic being applied to- Il; ~ i
SPELL. or sauoethfne y
magical incantation. Oue ia hare n E
"a OF the indians who, in the easfy wara a. q
u1opeans in this country. looked With 6qch Il
On letters and dispatches that they d4fs E3
olate those Of either Of the euutsstinK Il
8 when they fell accidentally into tba1, 4
1.-The Wickhegan (tle speaking papar) Hx1t Il
!: ie1ne : thing too dangerous to bs touchedH y
TIE WORD t]ExACy". ~ ;,s:1 x
70 meanings, AZ when ore says anythins IL II
correct and when We speak OF 10 axtqrs, II
exactlon- The word is derived from k4e' GT
ex -actuua, forced out It has been said II Ii
inns OF the feudal barons upor their senh Z;
10y vera sometimes so axorhita1s khts Il Is
: exncted ths ex1ction bad to bs "foroa3 E3
rom them, --,, f3
the word .ros, a city. re get our A1ies- ]:
oane, suburban, ETC., from ciris We denyt 81
lvallze, etc.. while from the Greek pcH1 Es
a9oh terms a8 polish, polite pol,tics md =
:, VINO would suppose that from cunning s.
me word king But let us see-a cunning 81
originally, one who keus, IS our Scotch ESs
would Say, that is knowing Il
Our Teutonio ancestus rezsrded IS
9 and doing IS cloaely connected. 70 thaa II
k- %EH