, 1874-03-21
The Holy Father--Tho caqitoIlno Hill
st. Paul--The Forum--The
Arch Of Titus.
The Co1fscunl-.- .-Tllo Mnmentfno Prtsons''.
Clcoro-.-Julius Cmsar md tho
Statue Of PonpeJ.
Tic Tombs Of Cecilia Metella and scipio
Airicanns.--The Tarpeian
Rock.
The Attack Of tho GauIs...Tho Exploit OF Marcus
Curtlus--Iho Rape Of The SabInes. :

spto{at Correspondence Of Tbs Chicago Tribune.
RoME, Fob. q, 1874.
Tho railway-train from Genoa carriod nie into
Rome iu tho night-time, 30 TINT formed no In
pressiona OF Tho exterior appearance OF tho
.sEterua! City" until awakening In it's midst
next morning. Tho first impression was ono Of
bowildornent. could not comprehend tho
points Of tho compass. Tho Bmall public square,
called tho "spanisl plaEa," was tho initial
point Of, observation, mud it was difficult to
understand where oil the litt1o, narrow, crooked
Rtreots which terminated there lod to-. But d
broad flight Of stono steps, loading up stoop
hill, at tho top Of which stood church., and In
front Of tho church tall Egyptian obolisk Of red
granite, gavo promise of u
n1nD s-EYE LOOK At THE CITY.
Tho labor Of tho ascent was richly repaid by
tho sight brought to viow. After reaching tho
head Of tho great flight OF stairs, 100 feet broad
and 100 foot above. tho p1aza below, the major
part Of tho City Of nomo is In full view. milo Or
moro beyond roso tho enormous domo OF et.
Peter; and, closer by, tho smaller oupolas aud
bell-towors OF hundred other churches stood
before tho vision; and all around, for q milo
square, was aolid mass Of high houaeB, ap-
parently without streetB between them. Nothing
iu the shnpe Of street could be seen, oxoopt
horo aud there scarcely -percoivable crack be-
tu,xt tho wallis" Mark Twain does not exag-
Corate when ho calls tho stroots OF Rome mere
cracla betwixt high walls, to tho bottom OF
which tho sunlight mover ponetratos. But the
Romans offer in Justification that "ouly dogs
and Americans prefer sunshine to shado."
But am not yet at tho top Of this high ground
only on the slope. A beautiful wood, studded
on either side with somi-tropical trees, Skirts
nlong tho terraces of the hill, adorned with ros-
tral columns, statues, and marble bas-roiofB, in-
tcrspersca with oypresses aud pines, until it
reaches the plateau. I am now on the top Of
MONT pISC1o,
1856 feet above tho level Of the Tibor. The view
ia magnificent. Tho "Eternal City" is spread
out as map before tho speotator. Beyond and
all round Ia tho wido-spreading Oampagna,
through which the Tibor winds from north to
south lilto silver thread; and with towering
mountains In tho background, tloir snowy
rresta glistcning in tho sim, ind tho
low plain to tho south melting, In tho
distance, into tho sea, 20 miles awny. Two
objects, however, stand out moro conspicuously
than all othors,-one, tho mighty pile, sur
mounted by its vast dome, St. Potora and tho
f1adrian, converted into the Fortress OF st.
Angelo, and standing close by st. Peters and
tho Vatican. From tho top Of this hiu
ST. PETERS
is bettor Been than from auy other point OF OBJ
servation. At any nearer or lower view, 1t is
obacurcd, in part by tho surrounding high
buildings, aud hidden behind the inlmensity Of
its separate parts. When close to it, ons oau
only see the front, with it's enormous pillarad
portico but tho mighty dome ia wholly out
Of sight. Tho long and lofty siaes OF
the Cathedral can only DO seen from
narrow streets by looking up perpendicularly
150 foot. But here. from tho altitude Of tho
Pincan Hill, ut the distance Of mile or more,
with the mid Of glass, the entire outline Of the
Catholic Worlds Cathedral Is talion in and COM
prohonded III all its giant parts and details. And
there at its side is the Vatioan.-a mass Of
pnlaccs, which, with the gardens, arc mile In
circumference; and in their midst resides tho
CAiof-Priest OF more thau = quarter Of tho
human race.
Tho pincian Hill is laid OF into q beautiful
park, planted in palm, myrtle, cypress, aud other
ornamental and shade trees, lovely fountains
and running rills, elegant walks and driveways,
smooth lawnB and scattered lower-bedB. Tower
ing up in tho midst is m obelisa from Egypt,
thirty centuries old. Along the borders Of tho
avenues arc pcdestale surmountod With bio
busts Of a multitude Of statesmen, poets, heroes,
artists, WHOM Italy, in modern, middle, and
ancient times, las produced. This hiil il
THE r4yon1TE PROMENADE
OF tho Roman aristooracy, OF strangers, and
everybody who can afford fashionable clothes Or
q carrlagc. 1Iero the military band plays on
Thursday and Sunday afternoons, and is listened
day. Tho spaco covored BY tho PIncio is por-
laps 81 or 60 acres. The north aud cast frouts
are bounded by the old city wall, 80 feet high,
built by the Emperor Marcus Aurolius, 1,7U0
years ago. still in al excellent state OF proserya-
tiou, and looking rs il it might stand / 200 years
longer, 80 solid aud pcrfcct is it. This wall was
tho first Of the remains Of a1ieiont Rome which
6aw. and you may we'll imsgino Inspected 1t
with curious interest. Ills II miles In length,
and circumsorihes nnoent Rome. However, on
tho opposite side Of tho river (wcst aide}, tho
Popes in the sixteenth century extouted The
old Roman wall along tho crest Of tho Jancul,g
aud VatioanuB Fills 40 "a to include and protect
tho Vatican aid st. peters from tho rayaageB Of
their enemies. It was on that side Of the river
the French broke into tho city in 1913, when it
was defended by the Garibaltlian Republicans.
Tho construction Of tho old Aurolian wall WAS
pnoDI1louB 'TAER.
There hud boon no wall around Rome from tho
time Of the overthrow OF Carthage and tho OK
pulsiou Of Hannibal. four or live centuries pre-
viouay and the necessity for 1t IN Aurelian's
reign marks tho fact tint tho doclino Of llomo
bud already commenced, had made serious hoad-
way, and that tho Mistress Of Mainland had
raAHed llor zenith, aud was descending towards
tho horizon. ..
In tho days Of the CmsarB, the elto OF tho
Pnoio Was Chiefly occupied by tho famous villa
q Lucnllus, who gained enormous wealth % a
Goueral Of the Roman armiea, operating in ABia,
L was hero Ao gave his celebrated feast to
Cicero and Pompoy, which for lnagnliccnco aud
oxtrayaganoa nevor Was Rurpassad eYen III Home.
After tue t!omIso Of LucuiluH, the villa passed.
Into the poBaeHsion of ono Aeiaticas, and, ln tho
reign ct tho Emperor claudtus, was coveted by
big fM aud haud4omest es we'll rs gayeat Md
"fastost' wife. Bhe suboruel her son's tutor
to aocuse him Of lcentiouH lfe and Of corrupt
Ing tho army. by hor iptluaueo ho waa con-
aennod to perpetual imprisonment. lsat ho
;osrned , to Aye on such tern,s, aud, aflor tho
!ofty haGt OF the patriclans' bathed, porfnlaed,
oponed biz veins and blod to doatla. As aoou aa
she hoard OF ILLS etornal departure, Madame
Cnudius (hor giyou na1ns waH
MIBH MEHaALINA}