The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-06
The Condition OF Government
Finances.
REDUCED TAXATION.
Mr.. Garfleh's Speech on the An
nual Appropriations.
Judge Dureu To Be Saved from
Degradation.


WASHINGTON, March 6, 1874
Tho Debate ON Governments Resources
and Expendituros-Mr. Garfield's Re-
ply to Mr.. Dawes Arraignment OF the
Treasury Management-A Favorable
Financial Outlook.
The struggle over the Franking Privilege bill,
which resulted in its final defeat to-day, occupied
the attention OF the House IN halfpast three
O'Clock, when Mr.. Garfield obtained the floor, and
as he spoke for upwards Of two hours the session
was prolonged somewhat beyond the usual dinner
hour His speech received the undivided atten-
tion OF the house until its close, 1t was designed
to be q complete exposition Of the receipts and
expenditures OF the government Ior the past eight
years. The speech was not 80 much q defence OF
the administration as or Congress and OF the eco
nomic policy Of the republican party. Mr.. Beck,
Ol Kentucky, Of the leading democrats
In the House, Immediately joined ISSUE The
very decided opinion which Mr.. Garfield ex-
pressed, that the appropriations could be SO
managed that there would De no deficit during the
present or coming fiscal year. and that no increase
Of taxation would be necessary, was received with
general sense OF relief, clearly visible on the
countenances Of his colleagues While he was
very courteous to his distinguished friend from
Massachusetts (Mr. Dawes, he criticised his
methods Of presentation, because, he argued, in
geniously, by their peculiar arrangement they
nave conveyed Q wrong impression to the country.
He proposes to reduce the appropriations below
the estimates some $3.50 900, but inasmucn as in
many cases the departments make allowances for
twenty-five per cent reduction, it will not
seriously cripple their operations. The pro-
posed reductions ofa clerkships as well
as the retrenchment in the Navy Yard
expenditures. Will be most severely felt, and
contest wtli undoubtedly be made in the Senate to
restore, as far as possible these items Judging,
hnxU nv Z ho Nv Of Nor An
preparation bill, without amendment, the Senate
seems disposed to throw the responsibility where
the constitution places it-upon the House. Sec
Rotary Richardson was on the floor portion OF
the time and listened quite attenuvely. Mr..
Garfield divided the expenditures into three dvi-
siOns, with several subdivisions. The expendi-
lures resulting directly from the war, notwith-
standing its close eight years ago, sti amount to
1852 100000, or fty.four per cent of the total
penditures for all purposes. The expenditures for
the army and navy proper, exclusive Of
t0rtlncatlons, navy yards, &C., he places
at $4e,oOo,Ooo, or eighteen per cent of the
whole; and the expenditures in the nature Of
investments, such as river and harbor improve
ments the erection of public buildings and the
construction Of lighthouses and fortifcations,
amount to $50, 100000 more; SO that less than
$40, 900 600 remain for ordinary expenditures. He
ascribed the deficit II there should be any, not to
an increase Of expenses, but to the reduction OF
taxation, and announced the fact that the reduc-
ttons which have been made since 1865 amount to
$751;, 900, 900 annually. In reply to Mr.. Cox, he
stated that he one Of the twenty five who
voted against placing tea and coffee the free
list and that his vote justified by the subse-
quent fact that the consumers have derived
no benefit therefrom. He claimed that
the $4,000, 900 which the government would
have derived annually from this source
have been divided between the foreign
producers and the importers. He confined him
self exclusively to the general exhibit, leaving all
questions Of detail to be discussed during the prog
ress of the bill in the House.
Mr.. Beck, Of Kentucky, the leading democratic
member OF the Committee OF Ways and Means,
obtained the floor and seemed to labor under much
personal excitement. He promised to prove that
Mr.. Garfield was incorrect in many OF his state
ments and denounced the administration ex-
travagant and corrupt. He claimed that more
money was expended than was appropriated, that
the expense OF collecting the customs and internal
revenue had greatly increased and that Mr.. Gar
fields speech was only in the nature OF white
washing report He also asserted that the CON-
mittee on Appropriations was not in earnest; that
1t simply scolded the thieves and knaves, without
ever applying the knife to their throats. II Mr.
Beck had withheld his severe denunciation until
the close Of the debate the republicans might have
felt at greater liberty to indulge in criticisms them
selves, but in the face Of his severe attack they
may be afraid to join in the assault.
As whole the debate has shown at least this
that the expenses Of the present and coming year
will be no larger than those Of the past. The
tinuation Of the debate promises to be both spicy
and interesting.
The Senate on the Centennial Project.
In the Senate the whole OF this days session was
"a In, III
Senator Stockton offered an amendment that the
exposition partake Of o national and international
character. Senator Bayard followed in long
speech. Nothing was done IN the way of vote on
the question: which went over under motion.
Tho Durell Invessiga tion-Caleb Cush-
ing Contradicting tho Testimony of
MRS. Gaines-Matority Opinion or the
Comm ttee that the Charges OF I'm.
peachment Are Unsustained.
Caleb Cushing promptly responded to the sum-
mons Of the subcommittee in the case Of Judge
Durell and appeared at the Capitol this morning,
In the House Judiciary Committee room, not In the
most amiable hum0r as, had 1t not been for Mrs.
Gaines, he would have escaped the fatigue OF the
tourney, and he says the woman has caused him |
trouble enough already In the absence of Mr.. |
Jeremiah Wilson, who is a member OF the District |
investigating Committee Mr. Cessna conducted |
the examination, assisted by Mr.. Edridge. Mr..
Gushing contradcted Mrs. Gaines in every es-
sential point where his name was connected
with that OF Durel, and gave the lveliest state
ment respecting the weakness OF Mrs. Gaines for
abusing her counsel. But one more witness Is to
be examned-Mr. Sanger, Of New York. His evil
aerce VIII be in regard to bankrupt case In
DureiPs court, In which E. E. Norton, as universal
assignee, gave the most extraordinary evidence
~ his ability to exact enormous fees and have his
conduct sustained by Judge Dure Though the
Judiciary Committee have not yet formally acted
Pon the evidence presented, yet enough is known
pfthe individual opinion Of the eleven members TO
say that articles OF impeachment will not