The New York herald., 1874-09-19
SANITARY SHADE TREES.


and Poison Air-Beauty and Rapidity
OF Growth.
To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD
Having observed through your columns OF
Wednesday, August 10. me alton made OF the
necessity oil tree planting In our malarial districts,
ana especially that OF the Australian blue gum
tree bol olanically known az the Eucalyptus
Globosus some remarks on 1t at present might
be read with interest-as regards its prop
critics, rapidity OF growth and its hardness, re.
garding climate, &C. This genus consists OF the
loitiest timber trees OF New Holland. Eucalyptus
Globosus u often met with IN It's native sol l
at from 200 10 $50 feet In height perfectly
straight and forming from the base at the surface
Of the ground to the branches o coue-shsped
trunk As this Is plant which Is rapidly rising In
popular estimation, Its remarkable properti es,
which the labors OF botansts and others connected
with horticulture and arboriculture have been
bringing to light, both in England and France,
interesting. 1t 10 TO be hoped that this coun.
try may follow, through the influences OF its 1rst
advocate-tne HRRALD-the wooding OF lands IN
the Southern states and elsewhere and for many
industrial uses besides, with this tree.
The eucalyptus was was frst observed In May,
1902, In Van Diemans Land, by Labillardiere.
That country and Australia are covered with varie-
ties OF It. IL forms immense evergreen forests
When established It casts Its bark yearly instead
Of its leaves. The latter resemble those OF cnerry
tree. but are Of different color, and It's fruit is
shaped like globe from whenc. 1t is named Euca.
lyptus GlObosus. or globe fruited The tree IS met
wish on various soils, from the most ier.lle to the
most arid. IL often appears on rocky hills, ex.
posed to the fury OF tempests. In the south OF Eu
rope, where II has been accnmated, It has the ap.
pearance when young OF pyrllorm mass.
Soon, however, Its form alters; In some cases
robust branches, shooting out obliqueiy upwards
from near the bottom OF the stem, and IN others
the stem rising straight upwards. without
branches, and tc. minatng in TUT OF eaves. The
leaves oi the gum tree give very little shade from
the sunlight, & even where the ioiage IS very a6un-
tacep In tho south OF France, the tree Is green
NJ al seasons AS in Australia. II emits an agree
contained abundantly in Its leaves; II the leaves
are brlskly apitated In the evening this becomes
very perceptibie The leaves and the roots have y
wonderful aosorptive power Tor moisture, which
accounts for Its very rapid growth,
posns wesnug 500 500 srammes IN yssse u Of
water at SIX In the morning. by SIX O'Clock p N.
other hand N. Caiotti macerated Is kllogrammes
found that the liquid Increased TX litres, the
leaves having given up their ater
# a. 81 sown eu M the snrr sprout seyerS eeE n
length VIII appear In summer. The growth OF the
second and third year Is very rapid. thereafter
there Is less increase OF height. but the trunk
tnlckens Eucalypti Of eight to ten years. growth
have mean height OF so TO 90 feet and crcum.
ference OF to Ieet, to 2A ieet above the
ground.
Mr. Rame has the credit OF having nrst i'm.
ported the Eucalyptus into Europe. since 1856 he
mas been endeavorlng to accllmatize and develop
the rasmanlan blue gum IN France. the experl.
ments made 10 Paris show that the winters there
are too severe l0r the plant, but the south OF
France. IN Algeria. In Corsica, IN Spain, In Italy
and In all the climates intermediate between the
& hot ana the temperate, the cultivation has been
For the wooding Of country the Eucalyptus IL
IN GiteoI or twenty years, what il viii take loo
to $50 years to obtain rom ordinary forests.
Allowing them on an average to be entirely cut
down III one hundred years, the Eucaly plus might
during the same period oe cut five umes-that is,
every twenty years. Inc product OF the forests
the Eucalyptus mas most s,lubrlous influence,
absorbing the moisture and emitting antsepuc
grows largely tie climate is healthy ore. This
Is the case IN Australia, and more recently, since
5e DSau mas Sssn pee INTO Algeria the
lever vanishes before It; Planted on the banks O!
river, ,SaEs canal or. or lake II gives sondty
to lnundation. ln marshy district it
prevents the growth OF aquatic vegetation, which
matte emanatiOns from the leaves counteract
masma. Planted on hills. 1t strengthens the soil
which can thus dow to the valley in their natural
channes. In Italy, where mlasma is SO prevalent
one great dlrtculty In Gearing the land Is the
danger to workmen from night influences Every
evening, even before sunset, they are obliged, III
order to escape these to 90 away to
the neighborlng hills. or to hermetica!ly
shut themselves up In tents from when
they must not venture TIL the morning IL
well advanced. Thus fatigue is induced, the
proprietor suffers loss and the work Is slow. II Is
suggested that me proprict0is, before cleaning
away any part. should plant here aud there com.
pact GASES OF Eucalyptus. These would neutralize
the mlasmatic etiiuvia and the workmen could re.
main Oh the spot without danger
Tne rev Oiution, Dr.. GlmbeIt says, which the
Eucalyptus will cause In the southern parts Of
Europe and III all hot countries Will be necessarily
followed by resurrection or certain races. After
q lew generations one Will no longer meet with
those men and those children OF pale. cadaverous
hue ana dull eye, who may now be seen IN 50 many
unhealthy and thinly populated districts. Their
vulgar instincts, thelr intellectual Incapacity,
80 largely due to insullciency OF nOurshment, OF
good air and or society, will undergJ O marked
change lor the better. Their physical constitution
Will De renewed, and we shall dnd returning to
lie and civilization races that are now being eX-
tingulshed
In conclusion the tree Is worthy OF fair trial In
the various states where 1t will stand whit ters
ior the culture Is easy and the timber servlceable
to man for various purposes. and as for Its med-
cal properties invaluable IN unhealthy cllmes.
Yours truly, RODERICk CAMPBELL