The New York herald., 1874-08-05

OF sand, btumnous coal dust and noun
tam howtzer snoring with the same equanimity
which distinguished our party while crossing
OHIO, Indiana. Illinois aud Iowa. We were speed
Ing away from the water level of the Atlantic up
an inclined plane to Omaha, 900 feet above the
sea, thence over the plains, gradually rising with
the expansion OF the continent, until at Cheyenne
In Wyoming Territory, we caught the breezes which
always blow over prairie 5000 feet in elevation.
II was during this transit OF the plains that came
to have very good knowledge OF the lie and
character of Professor Hayden. He Is now forty
three years OF age and represents in his own per-
son twenty years Of exploration IN the North
west In the spring OF 1853 he started up the Mis-
Company, penniless, strong in nothing but youth
and hope. little dreaming that years OF determine
tion would give him seven expeditions which in
the aggregate, have cost the United States
S36o,000. He made collections in that territory
during three years. which were sent to the Acad-
envy OF Natural Sciences in Philadelphia and the
Smithsonian Institution. In 1856 he attached HIM
self to the expedition OF Lieutenant War
rem as surgeon and naturalist and after
wards served four years in the army as
volunteer surgeon. Again, In 1866 being
without occupation, he pushed into the
Far West, on his own responsibility, and published
several articles on the character OF the country.
But 1t was not until the following year that Pro.
essor Hayden became the author OF the present
survey. He appeared before Congress anG OBJ
iained the small appropriation Of 1000 for the
geological survey OF Nebraska, which he prose-
cuted with success Many adverse Influences
sustained by the envy OF older scientists now op-
posed him; yet in 1868 the sum OF SIS. 600 more was
appropriated, and in 1869 the sum of $4,000 was
voted for the survey OF the Territories OF the
United States.o Professor Hayden was 6rst as
signed TO Colorado and New Mexico. His work
was received with astonishment and delight by
Europe and America, and many thousand copies
OF his report were printed and eagerly demanded
His reward was another appropriation the follow
ing year Of $2j, 900 for the survey OF wyoming and
his other appropriations have been $40 oOo $751; Ooo
and this year $4,000 During these years OF
Professor Hayden's activity portion OF the
world has been so suddenly and so perfectly made
known TO mankind Many lakes, rivers and noun
tains nave been discovered and fixed In geographi-
cal position; domain OF 1000 square miles called
"Ihe Yellowstone National Park" has been set
aside Tor the future OF the country and In it's
area are the most wonderful phenomena Id the
world. showing ali phases OF the action OF powerful
suDterranean lorces.
The WORK TO BE ACCOMPLISHED IN 1874.
DR.. Hayden's main expedition leaves the camp
tomorrow, but the subeXpeditions have put out
for their territory, as explained In the accompany
ing map during the past lew days. They will cx-
pore territory rs Iollows:-
square Mics.
Mr.. Marvne's expedition, first division. -. 5000
Mr.. Gannett's expedition. second division... 1000
Mr. Wilson'S expedition, third division 10000
Total square miles ...................... 25. 900
The territory to be explored a. directed py DR..
Hayden will embrace some OF the richest sections
OF land in the United states territorial domain
and the surveys that he Will make will Tar exceed
in completeness and accuracy those OF the Eastern
states, where new scientific methods now
In use were not employed. In fact, the
surveys OF the Territories as inaugurated
and prosecuted by DR.. Hayden have
been recognized the world over as the latest ex-
emDnncatons OF modern science. Few OF our