davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1874-10-16

The Western States do not look with
much favar on the project for securing a
National appropriation for the Centennial
Exhibition at Philadelphia. Several
members of the Centennial Committee WIS.,
tied indianapolis recently for the purpose
of awakening an interest in the matter and
were received very coldly. On the
morning of their departure, the Indianap
oils Journalthus commented on their visit;
"The w est is not to be bamboozled into
the support of any gouge which may bt
proposed in the next Congress for the
purpose of helping the thing along. II
Philadelphia gets up a creditabe display
many Western people will go to see it, anC
Philadelphia will get back all the money
she invests in the enterprise. But thu
National treasury is not now in a condition
| to Justify a raid upon it in behalf OF such
demonstration. Every state, every city
county and town in the country will hav
Centennial in 1875, and the expenses Q
these local demonstrations will be as mucf
as the people should be asked to bear.
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1874-10-16
CLIMAX! CLIMAX I!
Pages Climax Salve, a Family
k1o.es,r, Ror CS onnfc

Pages Climax Salve, a Family
blessing for % cents.
1t heals without q scar. No
family should be without 1t.
Wewarrant it to cure ScrOfula
Sores, Salt Rheum, Chilblains,
Sore Breasts or Nipples, Burns,
Scalds, Cuts, and Sprains.
1t has been used over twenty
years, without enc failure.
Ithas no parallel-having per-
fectly eradicated disease, and
healed after all other remedies
had failed. 1t is a compound Of
Arnica with many other Extracts
and Balsams, and putupin larger
bOxesfor thesame price than any
other Ointment.
The daily Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1873-1877, 1874-10-16
MOFFAT's LIFE PILLS
and
PHENIX BITTERS.

PHENIX BITTERS.
The Most Successful Medicines
in the World.
Established in 1886, by one of
our Most Eminent Physicians.
and now used throughout North
and South America, with more
pleasing results than any other
Medicine in cases Of diseased
Liver, Blood or Skin, Indiges-
ton, COstiveness, Bilious Corr
plants, Rheumatism, and Fever
and Ague.
Thousands of certificates are
incur possession, givingdetailed
accouts Of perfect CURES effect
eddy these invaluable Medicines.
They regulate the System and
put all the functions Of the body
in a healthy condition.
H Sold by Druggists everywhere
]. P. MILLS, Sole Proprietor,
So Liberty Street, New York.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
TARIFF DECISIONS.

IMPORTANT DECISIONS UNDER TIE REVISED STAT.
ryRoM A REGULAR CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNE
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.-THE following i'm.
nortant tariff decisions under the United States revised
statutes have Just been promulgated;
Pig lead imported from and after the 22f OF June 1910
IL entitled 10 the reduction OF 10 cent OF the dn
under the provision In section 1888 the Revised Stat
utes OF 1874 which makes such reduction on all metals
NOT herein otherwise provided for, the Department
holding that the word herein" in such provision refers
to said section only.
Schedule of the Title a. Revised Statutes OF June a.
rates other woo the quantity and value 10 be
tanned under such rulings the Secretary OF the Treas
ury may prescribe sheep SKINS ana Angor. goat SKINS,
washed or unwashed. 80 per crntum ad yaorem." Tho
holds that the effect OF the above prOy0a
is TO make sheep skins ana An2ora goa SKINS dntable
az the rate OF 80 cent ad yaorem on the skins Alone
thereby overrung the Departments decision OF Nov
49, 1871 synopsis 955, which held that sheep skins In
ported with the wool on were liable 10 DUTY at the rate
cent ad valore under section s. OF the act OF
Certain labels which were manufactured Of India rub
Der and cotton cloth held 10 be liable ~ duty
the rate of IS centum ad val, less 10 per cent,
provision for braces, suspendcrs, webbing
other fabrics composed wholly or IN part OF India
rubber not otherwise provided for" contained 10
lions % OF the act OF March p 1901 ana 10 Oh the act OF
July IA. 1862.
yised Statutes OF 1874 SOAP fancy perfumed honey
TRANSPARENT and all descriptions OF toilet and shaving
soaps" at a duty OF 10 cents per pound and Is per
centum ad VAL, and soap not otherwise provided ior
at a duty Of per pound and 80 per centum adj
VAL, have the effect OF Iepeang aud superseding tho
Departments decision Of Feb II, 1873. syBop.i> No.
l,4O which held that CASTLE soap was iipe 70 y az
the rate OF IS per centum ad va under the acts " 1851
and 1862 and OF making such soap liable 10 duty AZ the
rates per pound, aud 80 per cenum al val,
under the last clause above recied. CASTLE soap in
ported from and the 22d Of June 1884, Will there
fore be classified accordingly.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
Pool selling was remarkably brisk on this race t
horses selling at the following rates:

b. f. Carver was the first 10 show In front, with Gal
way next. London third, and Molly Darling last On
the lower Galway passed Caryerand made the run
ming for nearly mile and quarter when Carver mid
way lower turn again assumed the lead and was
apparently winning in canter, when London came
with a nne rush. but after brilliant and exciting strug
gle he was beaten by length. Galway and Jack Frost
four lengths behind making dead heat for third place.
The rider of JACK Frost, having dismounted without
permission of judges placed fourth. Time, 2:i0
THE PROGRAMME FOR THE EXTRA DAY.
Tomorrow Is extra or match day, and the pro-
cramme embraces four races. Two matches, free
handicap OF mile and eighth, and the 81 900
sweepstakes for woy earOlds, mile. The first match
is for 700; tbreequarters of mile, carrying III
pounds each, between Ophelia and Emily Fuller, and
in this Ophea is the avorite at s65 to $50. The second
match is for $3.50 a side, mile between Donohues
Botany Bay and Dcsmond's Moe Darling the pool
betting being $50 to s9p the former In the free
handicap mile andan eighth, Is horses entered
but no pools sOld ii Is uncertain how many will
run The fourth aud most important race Il the sweep
only Rnadaman his and Vassa Ill start.
Pools sell as follows:
Chesapeake. s400 yassal
Rhsdamsuthus l3O
Two extra days racing Thursday and Saturday
will be given for the benefit OF the Saratoga Rowing As
ISOLATION and the public schools OF Saratoga.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
BASE BALL.

LONDON, Aug. 1S.-Several baseball clubs
have been formed in the North Of England. and man
uas for the instruction Of players published here
Bats balls and Other articles used in playing the game
have been imported for sale.
About 300 persons visited the Union Grounds
yesterday to witness the first game for the amateur
championship between the Keystone Club OF this city
and the Nameess Club Of Brooklyn. The game was u
poor fielding display throughout, both sides making
large number Of errors and doing considerable
muning Play was called at about 3:45, with
Mr.. Burdock Of the Mutuals as umpire
and the Nameless Club at the bat. In their first
inning they scored five before the side retired
while the Keystones made three. The game then pro-
ceeded slowly until the latter part of the seventh
inning when the Keystones at the bat Grerson,
the Nameess catcher. then IN aud all the men put
away their bats owing to the way in which the Key
stones were batting both sides retired from the Held
The umpire decided the game draw.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
CHANGES IN THE POLICE.

The Police Commissioners dismissed yester-
day Patroman James DevD of the Second Precinct for
attempting to blackmail W. j. Rea OF the st. Cloud
Hotel Patrick COnkn Of the Thrtythird Precinct for
intoxicaon and Thomas c. Donnell OF the Eighteenth
Precinct for absence from roll call The Committee on
Repairs and Supplies reported that ]. H. Goodwin bad
made the necessary repairs to building owned by him
and occupied by the police Of the Thirty fifth Precinct
President Mase authorized to take lease Of the
building for ten years at the rate OF f,7OO
per year. The following roundsmen and
paromen transferred TO other precincts,
a majority OF the men at their own request Roundsman
William Ward of the Seventh Precinct to the Twenty
seventh Precinct and Hugh Watts of the Twenty-sev
enth Precinct to the Seventh Precinct; Patrolmen
David Sealey from the Twenty-frst to the Thirty
fourth j. j. Cullen. from the Thirteenth to the Twenty
first John Farrell from the Eighteenth to the Thirty
fifth George H. Hess. from the thirteenth TO the Egh
teenth John Macarthur, from the Fifth TO the Nine
teenth Patrick O'Ricly, from the Thirteenth to the
Fifth; Philip Meany, from the Fifteenth TO the Twenty
third Matthew McSherry, from the Thirteenth TO the
Fifteenth Leonard s. Walter, from the Fourteenth TO
the TnIrty-h James Manu. from the Thirteenth to
the Fourteenth Michael Bolster, from the Fourteenth
to the Eighteenth; John Ryan, from the Nineteenth TO
the Twentv-seyeuth William W. Jacobus. from tue
Twenty-sixth to the Ninth; John Mulldne, from the
Third Ninth John s. Creighton, from the Eighth
to the Ninth; Martin Maloney, from the TwentvOurtl
the Fifth and Gerard T. Beekman, from the Sixth to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
TICKET AGENTS PLEAS.

THEY INTEND TO ASK THAT THE RAILROAD TICKET
AGENCIES BE RESTORED TO THE HOTELS on THE
GROUND OF PRESENT INCONVENIENCE TO THE
PUBLIC.
The Association of General Railway and
Steamship Ticket Agents of the City OF NewYork met
IN Earles Hotel. at Canal and Centress last evening
10 perfect their plans for presenting their case to the
managers Of the railroads that have taken their
tickets from their agencies G. X. Lansing, the Pres
OF the Association, called the meeting to ORDER and
then the question taken up and thoroughly dis
eussed The Association formed last February, and
comprises beside the President, whose agency is in
Eare's Hotel. Gustavus savaD, Aston House; ]. W.
Burubam, Fifth Avenue Hotel; Seaman Bur
bank, st. Nicholas, Rogers Mead, Metropolitan;
T. j. French, Frenchs; George j. BascoD, Gilsey; r.
Marsh, New-York and Grand Central; r. W. Ball.
Merchants; E. s. sprnasteen. Cosmopolitan Charles
p. Llnesack No. 29l Broadway. and T. F. Richardson
sweeneys Hotel. The Association represents that
formed 10 make the business mutual and explains
its position and prospects as follows:
The agents o the railroad lines had been accustomed
60 30 to agent and say. "For all the tickets that
you shall sell over my road you shall have an extra
commission" The ticket agent would then strive to
earn as much OF this extra commission possible, and
70 do SO he would represent TO his purchaser
that this or that railroad was not only the best
and safest, but for every reason he could name
the only railroad that ought to be patronzed by the
travelling public. The shrewd men who were connected
with the business that the ticket agents were hurt
ing Themselves For the advantages offered TO one road
over another caused bitter feeling OF opposition 10 be
epgendered between them. That the ticket agents
might be united for their protection aud
mutual advantage this association formed.
The fight among the railroad companies eliminated
on July IL last Then the great trunk lines out OF this
city combined and agreed 70 withdraw their tickets
from the agents. saying that they would not stand the
"uDdercuttinR" any longer. Tue Erie, Pennsylvania,
and Newly Central and Hudson River Railroads
mol all the branches emsnssinR from their ternini.
These branches 90 not issue tickets and have voice
n their sale Tlrvs. IL person should wish 70 60 TO
O~shs hey might buS through Ticket U long ssrD
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
THE SHARPEST EDGE OF MALICE.


SIX HORSES STABBED TO DEATH AND THREE MORE
FATALLY WOUNDED IN THEIR STALLS BY AN
UNKNOWN PERSON.
A very cruel deed, the mutilatiOn of nine
horses by some malicious person during Monday night,
was discovered early yesterday morning. PatrOlman
Barron OF the Nineteenth Precinct while passing at 8 a.
Id the stable OF Patrick Dwyer OF No S72 Firsave, at
the foot Forty ninthst the East River noticed
that the door open. Looking into the stable he
saw five horses lying dead in their stalls and four Others
evidently suffering great pain. closer examination OF
,he horses disclosed the fact that they had all
been stabbed i'll the TANKS with a long and
broad knife. The knife had penetrated the intestines
innicting horrible wounds. A man residing IN house
near the stable said that he was awakened about mid
night by hearing singular noise proceeding from that
direction Listening for moment, he heard something
resembling groan and then all silent He thought
that one of the Sick but did not imagine that
such deadly work going on within the stable. The
man who committed the crime evidently worked slowly
there beng false strokes OF the KNIFE, ana all the
wounds beng in the mortal part OF every horse
The owner horses Patrick Dwyer hired them out
70 men engaged various kinds of business and also
used two OF the horses in hauling coal for the
proprieors Of a neighboring coal-yard Two hours
after the malicious act was discovered another OF the
horses died The three remaining horses are an severely
wounded, and probably only one can survive lts IN
juues. DIVER estmate3 that the horses which have
died were worth $1,000 lie sald that ne hau accnnu
lated the money buy the horses by the industry ana
savings of The animals were uninsured
He informed police that lac could not remember that
had injured man. or indeed crossed the pathway
of any person who would have had the malice to kill
the horses The deed without DOUBT committed
through especial malice against Dwyer, tberebeng two
other horses belonging to another man IN the same
stable which were uUharmed. The Nineteenth
Precinct ponce are endcavoIlng 10 ootaln IN
formation in regard TO the probable perperater
Of the CRIME. About three weeks an attempt was
made 10 burn the stable. but John Dunn, Waterman OF
the yard discovered the re III time ana succeeded
In stamping out the flames superintendent Hartheid
of the Society for Prevention OF Cruelty TO Animals
visited stable yesterday and took Dwyer's state
The Society for the Prevention OF Cruelty t. Ami
intend Superintendent fairfield states. 10 0ner
reward OF $50 the discovery and convection OF the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
THE PRODUCE EXCHANGE.

The Board of Managers of the Produce Ex-
change held special meeting yesterday, and the fol-
lowing gentlemen elected to membership: William
A. Towner Ferdinand Hyatt, II. Z. Lethbrdge, Law
renee j. Callahan, A. Schradep. A. DeJonge, Henry
HattermanR I. j. Hartman, W. c. Rose. The Board
considaed theoowing reply Of the Railroad officials to
the amendments 10 the bylaws recently adopted:
EHvYoRK, Aug IL, 1874.
s. H. grant Saptrintenitsf Ntp York Produce Brhanoe
the before discussed with Grain Committee by which
the Of transfer from the delivery
respectfully advise thai
decline TO aecste to
The communication signed by Vice Presidents OF
the Erie Railway Company, the New-York and Hudson
River Railroad Company, and the Pennsylvania Rail
road Company The following resolution offered by
Mr.. Cobb and adopted:
WAeas The members Of this Produce Exchange eneei In the
trade witt that the jointly made
by three the the rejection facilitating
trade mstur In the liberal both made
,h business unes change
peuated which oil customers
customs carriers erscon
unloading destination We do attempt fI
shall their services
producers seeking this MARKET demand no
peesd charges erosd etseen and their merchant
that nate named itsm which shall In the
property the Of pmspi their merchant Ut estna
tcp therefore, 49,
Received Produce Exchange adhere 10 the proposed rules
Of the as 'sde 10 connection With II arsJ
= Assly saopted.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
TILE CAUSE OF TIE AUSTIN RIOT

From The Veks5urg tliss) V1etssnr9er tDeml Aug -
We learn from a prominent lawyer in this
city that neither The Ftcssbrger nor he Herad had
the correct account OF the smith case, when ed 10 the
riot at Austin. He the particulars as brought ou
I'm the habeas corpus investigation, are these d. Smth
lived near negro man who disturbed his fanny Dy
singing The doctor demonstrated with him. Dut nc re-
fused 10 cease Smith threatened to make HIM, and took
his pistol one night and went TO the Negroes house aud
with the pistol which the pistol 10 90 on Inc
ball from the weapon accidentally killed little negro
girl LAYING on the mans gallery. smith was urea
before ma gstrate and bail was refused, but upon on
tanning hearing before Judge Fisher he was
on bail THIS Infatuated the negroes and Doueht on mo
occurrences as related III the papers yesterday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
Balance on hand. 81. III 81

After the expenses OF TO days excursion paid
balance 500 will remain, that full that
amount in addition will be required to enable the
tees TO give the contemplated eleventh picnic for
benefit OF the house children OF the Thirteenth
Ward district densey populated by the very class the
fund is intended help. In order to continue these
cursions until entire city is covered additional sub
scriptions are needed at once and therefore
nestly solicited Contributions to tne fund may be for
warded to the Treasurer Edward King, No. 70 Broad
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
CRICKET MATCH AT HALIFAX.

HALIFAX, N. s., Aug. 18.-The cricket tour
nament opened at 1880 o'clock to day. the first match
being between the Canadian and American teams The
former won the toss, and went to the wicket Mr..
Phillips and Mr.. A. Power Of Ottawa took the bat
against the bowling Of Mead. The inning continued
until o'clock, the Canadians making total Oh d. OF
which Phillips contributed 80. The Americans then
went in and when time was called they had made 1873,
with five wckets down. The highest thus far is
r. s. Halls "a. The match will be resumed tomorrow,
and the impression is the Americans will beat the
Canadians In one inning.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
POLICE NOTES.

Herman WINNER died at the German Hospital
injuries received several days BY being over by
a TElTd-aye
Maggie Thompson, age 20, of No. 157 WoOster-st.,
DUNN quarrel stabbed the night by Peter Bbser
DAY aud severely wounded
Simon Heshler, age IS, fell through q hatchway
from No. 10 Wskeri yesterday and had
both legs broken the ankle.
William Grayner age -, of No. 1l5 Monroe-st.,
building at Me- 33 New Church
yesterday and fractured bis skull
Geroche Giuseppe an Italian aborer, age 40 years,
was killed Yesterday By the falling Of derrick while hosting Croon
pipes at Fourh-aye and fihyseyentls.
.Jacomenia FidanZo an Italian, age 40 was Sc
stabbed the body and legs No. o. Thompson
Dominica Odo OF No A. sulvanst wns they were quar-
cards Orlando escaped aud fdAaso sent 10
Bellevue uosHtAl.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
FIRST DAY OF THE MEETING AT SPRINGFIELD,
MASS.

SPRINGFIELD, Mass, Aug. 1s.-The eighth
annual Fall meeting OF the Hampden Park Association
opened under finest auspices to-day, with beautiful
weather aud unusually large attendance for the
day The races for the 234 and 224 purses passed of
satisfactorily, except that Lulu the favorite had the
misfortune 10 disanced In first heat IN the latter
race ssuggler was the favore In the 1884 class and
the winner. exhibiting the NEST remarkable power OF
recovering the last half mile the ground lost by bad
acting in the arst.
RAcE-Pun 81 900 better
234 first UOU second 5000 lhiri and $500
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
HOME NE US.
THERMOMETER, YESTERDAY, AT HUDSUrs. ~ BROADWAY.
9Au-7lo Noon-s2a d m.-90' Mduignt-7i'
PROMINENT ARRIVALS

Breroort Honse-The Hon. b. II. BrstOw, Secretary
Of the Tssury NJ Defse, Beian Minister at Mashneton Prof
PIERCE of the and Major C of the British
Hstor Sir W. f. Logan Of Montreal Ne,c- YORK
UolI-W T. Kelly Minister from Guatemala to Turkey nm
renue Commodore H. Purviance = n; William o,od
dari Providence Jewell Of Hartford and William Sellers Vice
President Board Finance Grand Central Hotel
Gen John f. milford OF Richmond Aemdrle Ho-Pay Dr.
rector Watmougb, L. s. NJ. Gey House-CVngressman
l. A. sheldon Hotel BrUasWi kAssant AJnaut
GepersIJ Stonehonse Albany Windsor Ho,e!J Tlngha
SUM ndent OF the NeN.lork Central RA lroad.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
Pools sold at the subjoined rates:

As soon as the flag fell, Swim struck spurs into
Arstdes and being quick in getting into his stride he
quickly opened gap bet ween him and his opponents,
of whom Enster and McDanel's colt were second
and third to him. Going around the turn he took a
commanding lead and fully six lengths In front Of
Enster the quarter POLE Amelia being close on the
atters heels Arisdes steadily his lead along
the baeksrech aud past the Belmont stables. until at
the halfme pole, he ten clear lengths in font
Swim took steady pull on his horse, allowing
Amelia who had passed Enster, 10 close up the gap
little on Suferance Holbrook also passed Enlister on
the lower turn and when fairly into the homesretch
he made play for Amelia and both tried hard TO
take Arstides; but the latter, without being pressed
Calloped home an easy winner OF the by dozen
lengths. Amelia beating Holbrook neck for second
place. McDlniel's colt fourth, Eallser fifth, and
Victorious last. Time, 1:iGi
THE FREE HANDICAP.
The last race for purse of 5000 II miles. AID had
five entries, namely:
A. NJ Burton's chestnut horse Jack Frost, years by
Jack Malone, out OF Kitty PuTyear, Jos pounds; T. c.
MOores gray horse London, by Lightning out OF Zngan
years, IO6 pounds; ID. McDdnielss chestnut horse
Galway, 4 years by Concord out OF Manderia, lOl
pounds j. CofTee's brown horse b. G. Carver. years
Desmonds bay flly Moie Darling, years, by Revolver
out OF Skipper, 80 pounds.
Pool selling remarkably brisk on this race the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
Tho following s tho summary OF the rLnning race ior
400 mile heats, best two In three -,
rRorrING IT LEWISTON, Me.

LEWISTON, Me-. Aug. 1S.-The August meet
ing Of the Lewiston Driving Park Association began TO-
day and will CONTINUE four days. 5000 In premiums are
offered and rs entries been made The races To-Day
we're horses OF the threemnute class ana ne
o.ss class I'm which 10 horses competed The three
minute race by John, entered by John Farreii
OF Lawrence; best time, 24i. Second money was won
by Butcher Boy. The 1893 class race was won by Mes
senger Knox, entered by L. ]. Bracket OF Windham
hest time 2:3l The second money was won ny FIeet-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
THE POOR cHILDREN's EXCURSIONS.

The tickets for the tenth excursion for poor
children were distributed yesterday by Col Williams to
the boys and girls of the Seventh Ward. Nearly 5000
tickets disposed Of The excursion will take place
to-day Excelsior Grove the Hudson and it is ex
pected that 1900 children Will he taken out The
Trustees of the fund acknowledge the fol-
lowing subscriptions received since the last report:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19
THE LEE DRIVING PARK MEETING.

WnKEsBARRE, PENN Aug. 1s.-The annual
meeting of the Lee Driving Park Association will BEGIN
tomorrow and last three days. Ftyhree entries nave
been made among them some noted horses. Inc
purses amount to 5000.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19

-. Samuel Payson, age 20, of ROckland, Me.
49, OF Hsrsor n s. un
marie belonging fishing schooner Carrie Pman OF Marble
of the bsk recently the upseng OF dory
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19

IyOS's INSECT POWDER will surely cleaI
your house Of all bedbuss ees moths and cockroaeae
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-08-19

PoMERoY g. Co., 7A Broadway, sell TOR 81
the be,t - ELASTIC TRUss' ever invented