New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-05-11
APPLIED SCIENCE.

New METHOD FOR PRESERVING MEAT-hc'olu
Ing TO Endemanu, meat cut in slices ana Pi'oN -,
room the air of which is heated 10 i'V " e,ta.S
allowed to enter and escape through he cronnd
becomes dry in three hours fbrin are not coagu
lated II loses none of its nutritlve propcr'les'
Nam Nyruon OF SLAUGHTERINd ANNALS
v,;no animals by the so-called bourole, first used
,n paris and recently introduced into Vienna seems
,,roforable TO the!old method since animal can be
snstantly killed by single blow with an instrument
weighing scarcely five pounds instead of the ten to
fifteen blows with the heavy hammer usually en-
ployed. The instrument Is simply very conNenlehI
form of AK, with hollow cylinder Vike guh i;
punch about six inches long and one men IN ul''u-
eter with its edge ground sharp, ON the end oppo
site the blade. A single blow with tins end GUS q
round hole in the forehead ana PRODUCES instant
death.
ORIGIN OF THE DOMESTIC VINE.-ACCording TO Dr'
Rierel. Director of the Botanical Gardens 81 81
po,orshrrc the cultivated vine of Europe is not a
distinct spccies but hybrid between the y."""Sc"
a,d Y ruIpina of Iinnaus The former OF THESE t"o
.nocies ia met with in wild state in North AiheIc"
Janon Nantchuria. and the Hinnniayas ana Is char-
1911 h having cotton-lke down on the infe-
go 81 the leaves. The second speeies also IS
tDnd wild in the same countries, but has only short
hairs on the inferior face OF the leaves, wnch are
also short and stiff upon the nerves. From the hrst
nf these has been derived two Of the most remark
able of the American cultivated vines, namely the
Catawba and the Isabella.
AcrroN OF OZONE ON BENzoL-The action OF
ozone upon benzol has recently been investigated by
Uouzcau and R6nard, who have obtained some inter
esting results. A variety of acid products, chiefly
formic and acetic acids, are formed ana also pecu
liar body. which the authors name oFooeh@'n his
body dried IN vacuO, is a solid, white, amorphous
substance and extraordinarily explosive Either by
q blow OF by heat il detonates violently the eXplo-
sion of only a few dcCigrammeS OF the substance
uIoduCing such disturbance OF the surrounding ar
rs 10 shake the windows of the room. In fact 1t is
extremely dangerous to handle not more than three
20 five mhgrammes being safe TO keep on hand at
one time. Its chemical constitution Is yet TO De MADE
ont.
ALCOHOL AS A REMEDY FOR BURNs.-Alcohol,
recommended by Sydenham, has lately been en-
ployed 10y Leyiseur, particularly with children, as
The most rapid and effective means of allevatlng
The pain of burns The affected part is either SIM
ply covered loosely with an alcoholic compress OF
isbathed with alcohol, when the pain instantly dis
appears but returns again when the application
ceases II must. therefore be continued for one 70
two hours and then he repeated at longer intervals
until the Redeemed epidemis is bleached and shrly,
red. until any blisers that may have formed
have opened and discharged, which will take place
jn from six TO twelve hours. Care must ne taken,
especially where the surface TO be treated is large
that the yapOr of the alcohol does not ahect the pa
tent.
NEW METHOD OF PRESERVING WoOD-A new
method Of preserving wood from decay has been
recommended by Hatfield. 1t seems that, in $780,
specimens of oak were dug up in Rouen which had
been buried since the yeafl15O THIS wood was quite
sound but had acquired ablack color like ebony and
m astonishing hardness Hatfield ascrbed its preser
walton TO the joint action of the tannin in the wood
and the oxides of iron in the soil Accordingly he
now proposes to preserve wood artfcially by means
at tannia and the pyrolignte of iron, combination
which would IN some measure BRING about the same
changes noticed in the specimens from Rouen. HAITI
field mpreg the wood 10 be preserved first with
tannu and subsequently, with the pyroli gnite sOlu
ZION. The latter substance has long been used by
itself preseryative of the best character, and il
Is doubtful whether the addition of the taunln,
proposed by Hatfield, Will prove of sufficient adj
vantage to WaIEPp! EaG extra expense
DIFFUSION PROCESS IN MAKING SUGAR-The diff
fusion process which of late years has been extern
siyely employed in Europe for the extraction Of
sugar from bect-roOt, has been subjected to very
thorough tests in manufacturing sugar from the
cane The process has for some three years been IN
pperation az the works of the ASka Company, Ma
aras Presidency East India, and has given admira-
Die results II yields without much added difficulty
or much greater expense than the oldesprocesses,
about g per cent Of the sugar present in the cane
thus increasing the yield TO an extent Of over 10 per
cent while the quality of the article produced is
decidedly better.
Mr.. ,Jules Robert the inventor of the process
claims tbat it is now in use in over three hundred
factories IN Germany, Poland, Russia and Holland:
A complete apparatus for working up 100 tons OF
cane per day consists OF one ten-horSe power engine
and boiler. five Cauc-cuttng machines of One-hOrse
mower each - vessels each of 40 cubic feet capa
rity and one overhead reservoir holding 1000 gal
Ions About 1000 to 5000 gallons of water will be
required exclusive Of that needed fOT the boilers to
form the diffusion mice this being produced by the
addition OF one ton of water TO the ton OF cane
slices
MALFORuATIoN OF FISH EMBRYOs.-Fish cultuT-
lists especially those who have to deal with the
rious species of the sqlHOnd, frequently struck
with the numerous cases of malformation in the
embIyos Matched out by them; these sometimes
constituting a marked percentage of the whole num-
her resulting il is supposed, from too great rapdy
Of development, or some other at present unknown
agency. In some instances the percentage is so
large as materially to affect the number Of saable
fish produced as they OF later succumb in the
struggle for existence.
Dr. Knoch Of Moscow has lately been studying
the nature of malformations in the trout, salmon
and whiteish. and finds the most common mon
,trosties 20 consist in the possession: first Of two
heads; second, of double yertebTal column and
cord thiTd. Of aliOrmatlOus regards divergence
at the body from its axis OF length fourth OF defects
of the organs Of lOcOmOtOn fifth. OF anomalies III
the vegetatiye sphere sixth, of defects in the or
II Is possible that similar nalformations occur
in equal proportions in other fishes, hut such of
these as come under the cognlzancc OF the student
are usually 80 small aS not 10 De appreciate. Nal
formations are indeed. quite common in the gold
fish and carp particularly the former; and the Chi
ucse have already developed a number OF special
races hearing distinctive names. and characterized
among other features, by the POSSESSION OF an extra
number Oh talls
EFFECT OF ADDITION OF PHOSPHATE OF LINE TO
E,,r, np 4 ,Ntp. -Nufparnua cnInporatiNa