davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

THE latter day champions of the free
school system in Tennessee are very nu-
n. erous. When the CHRONICLE, in 1870,
beginning with its very first issue, prose
cuted increasingly the fight for public
schools, it was almost alone among the
newspapers of the State urging the ne
cessity for the great work. But after the
people took up the subject and forced it
upon the attention Of the Democratic poll
ticians the early soldiers in the ranks have
been entirely forgotten. Newspapers and
politicians, who at first openly and after
wards covertly, did all the could to stop the
agitation, are now Boosting of their leader
ship and efforts ia the great cause. Even
Governor Brown now appears a. the one
man faithful and necessary to the great
work. In an interview with a New York
Tribune reporter while East, he is reported
as follows
Governor Brown said that he would not
have been candidate for reelection but
for the fact that he desired the State to re-
sumo payments, and also wished to see an
educational system in practical operation.
Both wishes were now ia a fair Way to be
realized. President Sears, of the Peabody
Educational Fund, visited Tennessee re-
Gently, and expressed himself much graft
fled at the educational progress which bad
been made.
We do not know that the Governor was
correctly reported, but If 80, the impress
sion conveyed is that the success of the
two measures referred to was conditional
upon h.s reelection. Which by our read>
ers will be read with a smile.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

The Ways and Means Committee have
agreed upon bill fixing the limit of the
currency at four hundred millions and le-
CALLING the issue of the legal tender re-
figure. The committee also has bill un-
der discussion authorizing small tempo
rary loan, but as yet no conclusion has
been reached regarding it.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

TIE Louisville COHrjer-JOunal wants
the President to interfere in Mississippi,
aud deposee ov. Ames. This comes with a
poor grace from. "a paper constantly de-
nouncing the centralizing tendencies of
the times, and as tyranical and despotic
every attempt of the President to inter-
ere in State aatairs.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

The Union and american, with UNI
blushing audacity, says: 1t is not often
that Republicans in the South prosecute
and convict members of their own party
for crime against the people" When
darkness comes at midday and snow in
midsummer, then may we expect Demo
Gratis TO prosecute and convict members
of their own party for crimes against the
people,
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

WE invite attention to the commruica-
ton of Mr.. Williams, on our currency.
The subject is ably and skilfully handled
and is worthy of the attention of our read-
ers. We shall have occasion to notice again
his presentation the question.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28
THE CURRENCY QUESTION.

| -Asxggestion has been made by write
fwell-informed on the subject of the curreu
e., that the circulating medium of TIA,
country be a legal tender note receivabl,
for all taxes, duties. and debts due, the
Cove, nment The volume of this curren
.cy he would regulate by q liked ratio Il
the population. Such currency he aver,
would not be a promise to pay or a syn.bo
OF value, but value itself. as much as gold
The theory is PLAUSIBLE enough on its face
but VIII it bear examination? Such cur.
rency would be valuable in the country
where Issued, but why should it be value
in foreign country where its legal tender
feature would be of no intrinsic
merit? Gold is valuable because it
is the measure of all values the
world over. BY consent of all civilized
nations it is made the basis Of interna-
tional transactions. Any currency we
adopt in this country which is not based
upon gold would not, therefore, be recog-
nized as Il value in itself by ana other
country. Il could not, therefore, become
currency with which commercial trans
actions with foreign nations could be car
ried on. 1t follows, therefore, that its
value would be measured by gold at last
and not by any intrinsic quality Of its
own. 1t would not, rs a necessary conse-
quence, prove basis for commercial
transactions, and hence would lack
the chief virtue claimed for it. So
long as the business of the world
is carried on in gold or its equivalent in
value, we must have either coin circula-
ton or a currency redeemable in coin, and
any patent substitute serves only to disar.
range values and is justifable only when
absolute necessity compels its issue,
Population is not always the safe stand
ard for measuring the volume of currency.
The amount of business transacted, and the
basis upon which it is done, must be con-
sidered in determining that volume. The
population of a country does not by any
means indicate the extent of its
trade, As is easily demonstrated.
When our business is transacted on
an extended credit system, less currency
is needed than when it is carried on upon a
cash basis, or a short credit. The expe-
rience of commercial communities proves
that at certain seasons Of the year much
larger volume of currency is needed than
at Others. Any system, therefore, which
does not respond to this demand is defec-
tive because at times it makes money tight
and again makes it drug in the market
A currency system which has for its foun-
dation a coiu basis, backed by the faith of
the Government to make it national in
character, with free banking feature to
govern the supply and demand, would, it
seems to us, give our people just such
circulating medium as they need. ..
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

WE invite attention to the speech of
Senator Brownlow which appears in this
issue. II is an able presentation of his
views on the eKarcncy question. and is
worthy OF the serious consideration of the
country, Like everything the Senator
writes, it is pungent, unequivocal and cas-
ilv understood.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

An hCi -chqsable Congressman
mt Washiugt,n a the present time must
feel as lonesome as . strange dog.
The experience of the honorable, high
toned and unpurchasatle editors of the
BaHncrat Nashville ought to enable thea
to speak intelligently on such subject.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

ACCORDING to the Grdphic's Washing
ton correspondent, those two nice young
gentlemen, Jefferson Davis and Henry S.
Foote, are in danger of colliding. Davis
has written letter to a friend character
izing Footc as a constitutional liar, and
Foote threatens to gouge Davis "good
eYe,D
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

been sounded by the press in anticipation
] Of appointment 70 this jhieH of'ieeJlt0Id
! We repeat our EXPRESSION, that this ap
pointment of President Grants will stand
the test of severe scrutiny as 70 the char.
.acter, capacity and antecedents of the
nominee aud We confidently await time to
\ proveit .EsI HI
THERE Is no part of the United States
more deeply interested in the question OF
cheap transportation than Eastern Tennes-
see and that part of Kentucky, Virginia
and North Carolina adjoining us. 1t is a
fact beyond contradiction that iron may
be manufactured cheaper here than any
other place in the country, and in this lies
our hopes of future wealth and prosperity.
1t is true that we have great deal of fine
agricultural lands, which may be made to
produce large quantities of grain, but other
portions OF the country sUrpass us in this
respect. But in cost of making iron, we
stand unsurpassed on this continent or in
the great iron regions of England Scot
land and Wales. In a late essay 10y Mr..
George II. Lewis, of McMinnville, Ten
nessee, that gentleman gives some in
tercsting statistics from which we make
the following extract, showing the cost of
making iron in different parts of the
globe:
l. England, Scotland and Wales average,
American currency, $25 20.
=. Eastern Pennsylvania, $40; Central
Pennsylvania, $50; Western Pennsylvania,
including Pittsburg, $50.
3. st. Louis, Missouri, S3S So.
1. Youngstown, Ohio, S37 Il Steuben-
Vile, Ohio. $50 Ironton, S34.
D. Green river country, Kentucky (esti-
mated, SlG 20; Alabama SIG; Georgia,
SIG; Tennessee, Sl4 IS.
BY this it will be seen that the cost of
making iron in Tennessee is nearly eleven
dollars per ton less than in Great Britain,
and more than one hundred per cent. less
than in Pennsylvania.
The demand for iron is constantly in
creasing aud will continue to increase. 1t
is being used much more extensively than
ever before. Houses are built of iron,
bridges are constructed of iron, and the
railroads demand thousands upon thou
sands of tons every years, so that the
iron market j. not likely to become dull.
Why is it, then, with this immense de
mand for iron and this great difference in
the cost of its manufacture, that we
do not make more oft in East Tennessee ?
Why is it that we do not see scores of
blast furnaces going up where we have
now so few? 1t all grows out of this mat |
ter of transportation. Instead of having |
only one line of railway from east to |
west, we ought to have them running out
in every direction, creating healthful |
competitor and giving us choice among the |
markets of the world. We ought to have
the Tennessee river improved SO as to be
navigable at-all times in the year from
Knoxville to its mouth. When this is |
done, we can compete with Pennsyl- !
vania in the matter of reaching markets, |
then will our iron beds, coal mines, mar |
BILE quaries and forests of timber avail us |
what they should and not before.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

JOHN CIRCULAR BURCH, the literary
cuss who aets as Comptroller ST the
Treasury in this State, is out in his week
~ circular. 1t is said he contemp!ates
daily edition soon.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

ELSEWHERE we publish communities
ton from Elizabethton, on the subject OF
the Congressional race in the First Con-
gressional District. The contest is waxing
warm up there. We have confidence in
the ability of our Republican friends there
to settle this matter. Whoever they agree
upon in convention will command the
support of all and be elected, presuming,
as matter Of course, that they will select
no one who is unworthy of support Pre-
vious to the holding of such convention,
unwurranted personalities should be es-
chewed, and all should labor to harmonic
the several elements of our own party
against the common enemy.
y CORRESPONDENT OF the Union and
american advises the Democrats Of Ten
nessee, if they "would win back their
great majorities" to put Hon. John
Netherland on the track for Governor. >"
The same correspondent mentions some of
the gentlemen who ought to he made Sem
ators as follows:
Geo. w. Jones, j. G. Brown, of Giles,
Il. w. Brown, of Shelby, Brown, of Mad
ison, Andrew johnson, Harris, Senter,
Stephens, Etheridge, Jordaa Stokes. Bates,
Quarles, Marks, Turney, Caruthers, Ed
mund Cooper, Williams, of Knox, or any
other one of the eminent citizens who have
been named in that connection.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28


perpetrated in Kentucky, within sight of
the State capitol and with the full knowl-
edge, and, we fear, encouragement CT the
Governor, is notorious. The COurier-JOUr-
nal and Commercial, of Louisville, and
several fearless interior journals denounced
the perpetrators and appealed TO the au-
thoritics of the State to suppress them.
Quite an excitement was created through
out the State by the extent and boldness of
this lawlessness. The Legislature of the
State is now in session and bill is Sefore
it TO better protect the peacable citizens of
the State in their person and property.
How it fares in that body we leave DEM
ocratic paper to state. The COurier-Jodr-
nal says:
The bill for the suppression of lawless-
ness was squclched yesterday in the Ken
lucky Senate by large majority, and no
better measure will likely be introduced
during the present session. The marau-
ders will be glad to know that they are so
faithfully protected by their ever vigilant
and economical representatives in the Leg
islature. ........ ...
IL our opinion, there are few persons in
the country who will endorse what the
Union and 1Ulcricdn says in favor OF State
banks. In an editorial on that subject that
journal says:
There is too much of disposition to
follow the ruts made by the artillery Of
war Thecountry fourished under the old
State system of banking, as no people ever
prO-pered before or since. II had its de-
fects, but if experience has taught u any
thing, these defects need not he c-ivcd
with the system.
The country never ilouS.,heI 20 gTaldly
before the war a. it has since. With all the
strife and confusion growing out Of the -
bellion. tue country has prcsP red and in
creased I'm wealth, and to-day we arr richer
than ever before. Ne 10 not believe tie
people want to return 70 the old state bank
ing system. Iftherc wrr. 40 other reason,
the one given by Senator ByUwnlov 10 his
speech, which wc published yesterday
would b. sufficient. viz: The unepual
value Of such curr ucy ga different parts Of
the country.
But there are other and very serious 90.
jectioTs. lf W" bad had such currency
during the recent pGuic the loss would
have been great and tho Inconvenience al
most iucOnceiyablc. The present system
Is susceptible Of improvement, and should
he improved. Int az it Is, It is far pr fecs-
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28
WEDNESDAYS, JANUARY Is, 1874.

Memphis Is again threatened with ter
rible epidemic. ghey call it Msrdi Gras.
The symptoms are acting the fool without
any sort of restraint
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

GEN. b. +. CHEATHAM has been APP.
pointed general agent for the State of
Tennessee for the sale of Gen. Joseph L.
Johnson's narrative of his military opera
tons during the late war.
Knoxville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1875, 1874-01-28

BILE to, a return TO the old system of State
banB5. !, Tie county lbas Badeenough of
the State bank system, and we think il
will be long time before the people will
be willing ieFFu t. Fs'uTrnt.l 7llH9 7HT
II is feared that John Circular Burch
will not spare the time from his arduous
literary pursuits to call his Executive COM
mittec together and determine who he
wants TO be Governor.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1874-02-19

fonra sftemperature above that which is: due
tothe pressnra." MraJs r. Robinson, conf
petent engineer, says; ;ain2 q little book upon
steam boiler explosionsg that all violent e1plo;
sions occurring when the fire is moderate and
the steam low may be ,aseribedatelthis eanse,
I'm these cases the water is thrown much ln the
same way as ia the explosions last desgrlbed !;
snd salmueho of clearwater may be overheated,
and to- such adegree, that the top2of TIE boiler
shall be shattered by the first blow That the
water is raised to- a very high Temperatures il
these explosions, is shown by the fact that it
sometimes flashes Instantly and entirely INTO
steam, leaving no trace sof water. :near the e39
plncted boiler:o Mr. Rendted, of Dublin expe-
rimenting upon this subject, erected ienee OF
boards about the place where, the boiler was
allowed tor burst; but, son going ITO the spot
Immediately, afteuwards ''no, traces nof water
could be seen' o,,i l:,.."7 ssc ~ o!;.l paa =,
This class. 7of explosions may be prevented
by the preper nse Of ,safety-plugs, and by other
means which,,we cannot now describe We
shall 1be content if in this paper we have made
elearthe causes of the four chief kinds of steam
explosions, and so helped the great public
Ekich, reads Applatoala journal to q strength
ened conviction. that all explosions are pre-
yentable.si3 4a;.a1 1y..r, s,ii .a.,1l, "a =, =,
=, Irt :, i;1,,i .yi ,in; WI, NJ. LOAN. -
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1874-02-19

WHIsKEY vs., BREAD.-The Baltimord Sun
saws that if there was as much profit charged
upon bread as there is upon whiskey the result
would be bread riot No doubt of it. Men
can pay a big price for whisky, because they
look upon it as a luxury, while bread is a ne
cessity. and must be had. Still it does seem
curious to the reflective mind that no matter
what the price of whisky may be its consumers
never complain about it, but always find some
means to get the fluid; and yet they will grum-
bic to an amazing extent when -four goes up, a
dollar n barrel and don't know how to get the
solid. We cannot explain the reason for
this. we only know that'it is so but we some
times question whether it would be an y better
for the people generally if it were otherwise.
Legislative prohibition and heavy taxation
have failed 70 accomplish any extensive or last
ing good. Bread stiA goes UP, and whisky goes
down. men still drink and get drunk, still curse
the baker and bless the whisky distiller and
there is no change for the better. 1t is only by
moral suasion;tby the example of the good and
the strict enforcement of such laws as have
been found to be of some good effect that the
evil of intemperance can be mitigated that the
whisky consumers be reduced in number and
the bread consumers increased. Let the whls-
XIV profits continue, we say, and there will not
likely be any bread riots.-CAron'cle d SENT
DeL "a,
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1874-02-19

THE STATES AND RA1LRoADs.-Suit has
been instituted, under the Illinois Railroad law,
against the Chicago and Alton Railroad Com
pany, for charging more than fair and reason,
able compensation for carrying passengers and
freight. This is the first case of the kind, aud
its course will be watched with great interest.
Really the question to be determined is whether
public company, which is not, by its charter,
limited to certain rates of charge, can be COM
PEELED to do business at rates fixed by commits.
sioners under aState law. The money invested
in railroads is as much the property of the
stockholders as money invested in any other
description of business, and we cannot see that
a Legislature has any more right to decide how
much mile or ton shall be charged BY rail.
roads than it has to fix the selling price OF bread
or shoe leather. Discrimination must be
guarded against and oppressive monopolies re-
ouire checking, but stop will be put to- every
new railroad enterprise in the. country if it be
decided that the public, and not the corpora
ton, shall regulate the tariff of transportation
The wonderful increase in the wealth OF the
West is due to- the extension of the railroad
system. Without railroads the country would
be next to nothing. Very few railroads pay
any dividend to their stockholders, and we are
satisfied that any arbitrary restraint placed
upon them, any virtual confscation of their
property. will recoil with terrible force upon
the very communities who are now advocating
such laws as that under which proceedings
against the Chicago and Alton Railroad have
been instituted.-Neps and Courier
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1874-02-19

REASONING IN A HARE.--The following
circumstance was related by a respectable
farmer as happening within his own obserya-
tion, ard in illustration Of its truth it may be
proper to remark that in the country where it
happened-in Cornwall-the hills, which are
steep, rise so abruptly and near to each other,
that whatever passes on the side of one may be
easily discerned on the other. His attention
was first drawn to hare, which ne perceived
running down slope, close to the hedge in
field of turnips, and soon afterwards ne per,
ceeived that in pursuit of her were couple of
dogs. AS these dogs entered the field he saw
that the hare stopped for moment and llfsed
her ears The pursuers pressed on, but: when
they had come within little more than gunshot
Of their hope for prey, the hare stopped and
then ran back for some distance along its
former track, when by sudden spring it threw
itself on one side into the midst of the turnips,
and there remained crouched and still. The
dogs passed onward in their course at a rapid
rate and as soon as they had passed forward
on its track with another bound the hare
sprang back to the place it had quilted, and
ran along the course by which it had come
down. with the evident intention of confound-
inc together it's upward and downward course.
.By this time the dogs had come to the lower
extent to which the hare proceeded, and there
thew stopped, as not knowing what further
course to take. It was thus the prosecuted
creature secured its own safety; and my infor-
nnant was too generous to help them out OF the
difficulty.-Cor. Of Land and Water.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1874-02-19
Social ehangs' and Engs.

After all, the poor twins were no such mon
sters that we need go ciucking and shuddering
for weeks about their ;cof6ns. y 31We'fare all
Chanes and ,Engs7 at heart. Every man, says
the old superstition, hath his double in Africa
or in his own household and every man of us
knows it to be true. What else DO our perpet-
ual schoolboy friendships, our g.opi2g love af-
fairs, our marriages, mean bat the search for
this "fetch," this Chang toward whom ang un-
seen tormenting hand draws us? Is strip OF
skin more inexplicable than the power which
impels Victor to choose plain, ill-tempered,
silly woman out FROM hosts of fair and noble
maideus as his wife; and to exalt her thereafter,
as anointed by some mysterious chrism, q queen
among women? And consider, ibeyo1df, that thai
nine Of ten commonplace women are thus cho-
sen and crowned by their mates; that the bond
between them, irrational, ridicnl nlous asnit may
seem to others, is powerful enough to enable
them to bear all .hardships, pains, incongruity
of temper with smiling unity; to eat thou
sands of meals together without jarring, while
their ideas are diverse as the poles to rear
children, to 60 down unlike, antagonistic1 body
and mind yet one, to common grave. What
can the twins, going, about with their ABNORMAL
cirdle. furnish of wonder like that? Every
BODY shuddered, too, at the horribility that one
Of these poor creatures should die, and 1.-The
other, still living be hampered by 9 corpse. It
was of this horror, some reports state, the sur
-vivor died, But did We ever consider thespec-
tacle of woman carrying through life the
drunken, bloated body Of husband or son
out of whom the soul has died long ago, and
left only the brutalized mass Of matter, i.capa
bic Of feeling for her, Or Of any feeling or life
but the mechanical appetite Of a beast? With
what zeal, what tenderness she drudges for the
body Of this death! Tends it, battles for'it,
totters under it down to the grave What
binds her TO its Here is mystery before
which Chang and Engs band Of union may
vel, pass out of sight and be entirely forgot