, 1874-06-27

bAnto.
hare dws1t thus long on Bologna becAt1se IL
Is generally oyerlookod by travellers, aud ro-
hurry to arc Rome, or Eotonco, or 'vonlco
which Ia usually the caHo. Wero not prcsHed
for time, would devote the rani8tnter Of this
lnttcr 10 descriptions Of interesting things there
soeIs, which mist be omitted.
Tho uoxt peint OF my interose on my routs
was
tho former Capital Of the Duchy Of the eano
llams. II 10 only HI hours run OF tho cars from
nolognA Moaona CONTAINS 1t, 900 inhabitants,
and snlalsts On The surrounding fort,le .platns.
The Duoai palace contains upwards Of 6Uo pic
tures, some Of them bY the old maste's. aud
many Oh SECULAR subjects by modori, painters,
which ia quite raet to tue eye, a. 1t becomes
utterly weary Of Sa,nts md hahonnas, cfuoi-
ixsons and Asamptlons aud AaGen
after L ling contemplated thousands Of each
kind. Thore ia sucl, thing ~ surfcit Of
painted piety and soa!ptarea sanctsty. Tho
Catbadra! 10 noted building, erected. or rather
easo with nearly Al! tho great churches IN Italy.
This - Dnomo " contains the usual sort OF paint
tngs, ssa.uasy, and curious old Fellcs with the
utnal quantity Of miraculous traditions and
G other drafts On t tatth x}a which American ,eahaa
Tho Campau,lo, Or beli.tow1, asconds into the
heavens 325 fcet perpendicular, and does not
leau !ke the ono ovor the way In Do!ogna; but
It ~ quite as ancient, and waH srected to watch
the uonss. and eseoctasy tue outgoinEa od tao Hdo
volumes, many OF them anc.ent.
Ths reader need mol bs detained longer In
Modena, but proceed at oneo to
Palma.
85 miles farther up the p!a,t, IN the direction Of
Turn. purma contains 47.0U0 inhabitants. pos
besses we'l.phtronszod University. many
sEacons, negirctod-oaking buildings, and we'll
rayed, clean, broad streets, A 1loman colony
was planted here D. @. 1877, aftor tho expulsion
OF tho Cisaip.ne aanls, and it became quito a'l
important city under Roman rule. It WAS de-
stroyeu by Attila, and had "hard timea" for
many centuries Afterwards. It contaiAs Qua
great Cathedral, 700 years old, sarmonuted by an
immense dome. Within the church Is bust Of
Tile dune Is adorned with an Assumption by+
the cELEnAhTED ooNREA1o,
to whom Parma is chiefly indebted for Its i'm.
portnnce In the history OF AT. 1t ia here, and
At Dresdent that the fascinating works Of this
remarkable artist can be best eeen and apprccl-
atod. No painter las caught tho frol.cson.o
grace Of childhood 90 perfectly as hs. Ills caa1-
lreu ars not che1ubB with celestial air and a.
poet, but natays! boys aud girls, such Us QUO
noss lore below, with dimpled cheeks mud roguiAh
charm about most OF his plctnres but the critics
aao find many faults NTH hia Works. They .ay
he laelH dignity Of sentiment anu severity OF
taeta aud rl1na uto yo!uptuons oxcess In de!itio-
.heir iovellueaa, as we'll aa tho graceful 1novo-
ments Of children, to perfection. 1u painting
the Madonna aud Guild, thoy think ho falls to
mako her sufficiently divine, or it sufficiently
grave. perhaps 30 and, a. there ts nothiag
elae worth talking about IN Parma, lot us pro-
ceed to Tul!n.
BY one route tho railway passes through Lo-
di, celebrated AZ the acane OF Napoleon's btornl-
Ing the brides over the AIDA, May 1o. 1797
after most doaporato conflict with Tho
AuHlrians A little farther oil, tho tram passes
the Village of Melegnxno, memorable III tho st'-
nuls OF medieval warfare ~ tho place "ldt .
Fraucis l., King Of France, In great battle.
fought Sept. 15, 1915, routed tho swlsa army
aud OF WHOM 1b,ou0 fell in the action. Tha
Faenoh loss was css thau bali az many. AZ the
train approaches A!essandria city OF 40, 600 ln-
Aah.tant9, IL paaseA through the
FAMous RArTLE.F1Et.D or MAAEN0o,
memorable AZ one Of Napoleons hA,dost-fought
actions, and where he snatcs,cd victory out Ut
the very jaws Of defaat,-Juno II, 1800. Tue
Austrisns under Zach, Geneial SO years old,
with 10000 uso. attacked him. lie had but
20, 600, Ia the absence Of Gen. Dessalx. with The
who was ordered to maloh op the double-quick
to tue roBc,lo. He arrived just at tho nick OF
time, for Nspelson's troops, after q most dea-
porate struggle, had boon crushed under the
NeIE1E 0I Lud AH6kl2tN uf9F AhH0 eA1Ai n1A AhA
kesn turnod BY. tue eno'ns's cavalry. peasa1x,
batte lost." II tu,nk II IL ! pattlo won," an
swsred Napoleon: do YOU push Oh aud check
tho cnomy's ADVANCE and will speedily
we shal, change the fsee Of atfa,rs." nsssaix
did Al orderad. Hs lod hia column 10 a furious
charge Oh the advancing AuAtr,ana; bnt he foil
dead 1t the hrst lire, shot through the hs1d bis
DIVISION however, stopped the cneuly's advance.
toA kt.a Int full
ions, aud furn,cd nav line behind Dessaix =
column, Ho then rode along the trout mud
shoutcl TO his soldiers, "Comvades. We baye se-
tired for enough; let US now advance. You know
that 1t 10 nlY custom to sleep on tho held OF bat
tle." Tie entlualaam and courage OF the irre-
praBaibla Freach wers instantly revived and
thoy rushed forward with loud cheers, pourod il,
wltheriug sotley at short dlstauce, aud daahed
into tha staggered and diamayed enemy With the
bayonet. Ihe batsio waa quickly won. Tho
sion. Hundreds Of them we're drowned In at
Tempting to- cross tue Dormida RIVER In thatr
rear. Whole divisions. beng unable to effect
tbs passage, surrendered. Only 4 small rem
nsnt Of thst magnificent arms asoapsd capture
Or death.
Sixty mileB farther up the Po No arrive 1t The
&args ana important CITY of
TuAlN,
formerly the Capital ot sardinia. For tha last
4t or 20 miles, the great plain ls souswhat uli-
even, and looks mora llks the rolling prairies oi
Iowa thau ths level ones ct Illinois but tbs
country IL very beautiful, fertile, and highly cul-
tlvasad, aud adorned with abundance Of trees.
/ Tue city coutaina ais, ,Q00 Inhabitants. Tbs
abundant supply Of NRtur at I'LL HoRsons dascend'
Ing from the neghboi,ng Alps, has gwen it E. cal
advantages ~ = misunderstanding oentra. Iu ltaly,
30 rich IN reooleotous Of the past. Turin il per.
haps the poorest city in tbs Peninsula, in Ills
! respect. In other worda, it il modoru CITY,
and oontains worry few ruins or remains Of early
| aKaa. ile sayages committed by Frano,s /. "
1856 denudeu 1t OF ali structures Of classical Of
medieval antiquity. It has ploducsd uo Eohool
| Of Art. The atreota Are wide, aud laid out ut
right sngIes.-a rare thug iu Italiar
| towna, Tnoy are exoetlently paved anc
| kept strlolly clean. aud the Whole cts
has An appearancs OF thrift, comfort, aud prog
reas, bos,des having mole,n aspect. None 81
| tto churches are remarkable for architecture
| Mora attention has Of late ysass been pald It
| schools aud public education, aud less to cturchet
and saints, than formerly. Tho Wataenns,
| --rroteHtants-tra qnile numerous In Turin
having survived I'll parsecutloua in tueir I'D djaoea
mountaip-Aomes, although hunted like wilt
peaBtB for many 4 contuly. The Royal Caller,
| Of Paintings, The Museum OF Ant!Yu!ties and o
History. are worth aeeiug, but contain nothlut
very remarkable ~ compared with what may u
| seen in other parts Of Itaiy<
From Turin to Milan Ia about 100 n,ileB o.