The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1874-07-09
Farm, Garden and Household,
Effect of temperature on tho Creamin,
of Milk.


The results of q series of experiments.
carried on through several months, by
exposing different portions of milk in
pans to temperatures of 40 degrees, 81
degrees, and "a degrees, and determin.
ing the amount of fatty matter still
present after various times of exposure,
are embodied in report by Shubert,
from which it appears that the separa-
tion of fatty matter from the milk was
most rapid at 40 degrees, but that it
was more rapid at "a degrees than at
81 degrees, the separation being more
complete ut 40 degrees in IS hours than
1t was at 81 degrees after 80 hours
After "a hours at 40 degrees, only @. 296
per cent, of the fatty matter remained
in the milk, and while diminution of it
continued up to 80 to 36 hours, it was
so slight as to have no practical I'M
portance. Tests made on large scale
OF Schwartz's method of immersing the
milk in deep vessels in ice- e-water, show
ed that it produced the largest yield of
butter for equal measures of milk, and
also that sweet cream afforded more
butter than sour cream. The method
possesses the additional advantage that
the milk never sours, and can be pre-
served several days in the ice-water
without the least injury, and will bear
transportation to considerable dis
tance before becoming warm enough to
change. Cheese made from it is also
much better and less liable to spoil in
Keeping, and since butter made from
sweet cream contains less milk-sugar
and casein, according to the analyses
made, it is consequently less liable to
become rancid,
Canning Vegetables.
The chemical bath in which the cans
of vegetables are immersed before their
final sealing is used only for the pur-
pose of getting a temperature higher
than the boiling point of water. The
necessity for this high temperature is
due to the fact that the air contained
i'll the can and its contents is more
thoroughly expelled, and if the can is
entirely void of air there can be no
change in the condition of it's contents.
A boiling heat will expel all the air,
but longer time is needed than with a
higher temperature. For domestic pur-
poses the bath of boiling water is suffi-
cient. 1t is only necessary to cook the
IL,
solder the cover on perfectly air-tight,
TO make pin-hole in the cover, and
then immerse the can in a boiling wa
ter bath without covering the upper
parts, and when it has been exposed to
the boiling heat for fifteen minutes, to
seal with q drop of solder upon the pin
hole.
Dead Animals for Manure.
To make manure of dead horses costs
either good deal of labor or much
waste of fertilizing matter, and usually
both. Could the horse be promptly
steamed and pulverized, after the man.
ner now employed in many slaughter.
houses, that would be the best way
but with ordinary resources cut up the
animals as a butcher would do, or in
smaller pieces, and stratify with muck.
Ashes or salt and quicklime upon the
joints would hasten decomposition and
tend to soften the bones. If carnivor
ous ANIMALS should trouble the compost
few bits of tenderloin seasoned witt
strychnine might be SO disposed about
the edges as to protect the heap and
also increase the supply of carcasses
were there no "higher law to be re-
garded. The salt aud lime would per
haps sufficiently circumvent the dogs il
case reprisals were not looked for.
To Destroy MoIes.
Bryan Tyson, Washington City, give.
the following method for making pills
to destroy moles: Make Il stiff dougl
OF corn meal, mixing with it small
quantity of arsenic. Make hole witt
finger in the runways, drop in lumI
of dough about the size of q marble
and then cover over with a lump 0.
earth to exclude the light. After tn,
first rain, go over the field again ant
deposit in all freshly made roads.
once concluded to plant piece of san
dy bottom land in sweet potatoes bu
as it was much infested by moles, my
success depended ON first exterminatinl
them. A. few doses of arsenic given il
the way described brought about. thu
desired result, and it was very rare
circumstance to see the track of mole
in this piece of ground during the en-
tire summer.
Liquid Manure.
To apply liquid manure direct to tn,
field is too costly for general practic,
in this country. 1t is better to Absorb
with muck. A bed of this materia
dried and laid in store under the stables
with some pigs to work it over from
time to time answers the purpose ex
cellently. No watts or tanks are need
ful. AS to which is best, liquids o.
solids, that depends upon the kind o
food, the amount given, and what tn,
animals yields. On low rations til,
liquids are best, but highly-fed animals
yield more fertliizing matters in thei
dung than in their urine. The urine
is secretion and cannot be enriched
SO easily as the dung which is mainly
an excretion.
Waste of Wool.
Any farmer who has weighed hi
fleeces at shearing time and again wher
they are sold-as every one should do
knows that fleece will gain in weigh
from 10 to 90 per cent. by absorbed
moisture, and if stored in cellar will
gain even more weight. Wool does moi
dry ont nor season in the least, but
quite the reverse. Thig is no gain but
loss to the manufacturer, and few
sheep men need to be told that there is
point in thus adding to the weight Of
wool beyond which it is not safe to 60
as it is refused by the buyer except a
large reduction. Those who dispose
of wool and get their cash when it il
ready for sale do better than those who
hold for higher prices and thus become
SPECTATORS.
Getting Satisfaction.