The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1874-05-27
[From the Atlanta Constitution. I
Practical Hints for Farmers.
THE Error OF THE SoUTu.

Ire cotton States have bcon cs.
Peciaily persia;ent iu disreg riding
the teucainl Of statistics and def, in.
the laws OF political oo,nomy. Eve
ry intellieent publiri.t Knows that y
certoin aDouht Of money, say o. pres.
cut average oi $500, O00.UUO may be
derived irom cottun. II tho averap.
quunuty is Increased the price ui-
mInlshca, aud Vice cersa.
IL fluctuations uro freqncnt the
sPrculator or maunfucturer, and NOT
tie producer, derives an ADVANTAGE.
IT you choose TO produce fiv. nil.
on bales, you obta in ~ ,ents per
pVuud and loSe mouey if You grow
tut tLree YOU get 20 ceut>, and ob
tain Il profit. Now, it is better fur
the void, und in series Of years.
better for the grower, to produce
regularly enough to supply the cur.
rent wants Of tho trade ut u med,um
aud rcmunerutive rric.. or az near
II regular supp'y as possible, for tn.
'lcls>i,udea vi the season will iuevit-
ably canss i"jurioas fl ,ctuatious
despite tho highest cG.r,s Of human
"isdom und fo' cslsht. AS the uses
OF cuton incr easa, aud markets urv
extended throughout tho word, its
III '"uf"c'u'e vail be eula.gcd. aud
its cu'u,e should ob,aiu corr, spond-
ing en atgemvnt. 10 overstep the
tou"u"Iy Ut current demand aud
glut tie market may be pleasing tu
tie si,culator aud u the muuufno..
tui rer, so far as lie combines sp.cu.
Ia'l"n with weaving, but il is death
10 the grower.
There 10 much false reasoning on
tlIr matter. a planter may truly
"iilru that he obtains $50 per ACRE
tor bis cotton, and but S23 for his
coin, AID he thereupvu aud therefore
declares that he VIII plant II, m,rc
curn. let u II act upon this sugxc:-
ton, and Instead Of $50 for the acre
ot cotton aud that Vi cora, the totn
rcturh oi the two acres vf cotton will
be but $50. y surplus Of cvrn may
be lu, into meat, and wool, aud
"hiskey, or used tu exc out sc.rc :
'yut sou.o kind Of lurage for nimaIs
hut surl lue Of rut,"n must wait lor
the slow grinding Ut the mills If the
Ia0r'cot'ng good, u,u.lIy un;il dis
euSt"t low p"icrs prouuccs Ieduc.
tlon torlc:p"n .iugly.
1hUs, "hlle cuttun is and long will
Ge tie leading product and the most
prohtab Z field crop ADJUST prices, its
rr~m ence III the Iist has kept, und
l. how keeping these States IN co,..
larAthe p,vcIty which is rs unuccessa.
ry 10 1t IS iuconvcnieLt and Injurious.
1t does hot produce money enough
to give wealth toa population VI
uiue millions. The other COPS, in.
$ cad Of barely equullng iu the az
gregato the i,ceIrtsf ON this, should
lepr.s Sent at least 81 for every one ..
Cotton. The census rccold of pro-
ductlon III these States is hut S559
GOO,0U0 !; he record should be mad,
to read 81 500, ,O00,UU0. With three
tou'ths of ,hc people Of ten State,
employed in agriculture, tho val ue
"l agricultural pi oducls exceeds but
little that Of the States Of New York
aha Pcnnsylvaniu, whore only QUE
fourth are 50 en.ployed. The aver
ages Tor each person employed in
ug lculinre i'll those States are rr.
spcctively, as deduccd from tho ceu.
sLs, $977 ami S7U7, while those ol
GeorgIa and Mississippi arc S230
AID 1882. For tho ten States ,he
average is $2G7 the four popu
Ioua Middle htatts S0S9. Even the
States producing chc"p corn she"
'argcr return, the average for one
ma"'s labor in the five STATE, bctsc cen
the Onto liver aud the lakes be ling
S49S: While the s;x sterile T. .>tcru
> ales produce 500 for each farmer.
1t m,J 10 the cansus is less complete
|" the cotton States. but 1t is uhden.
Liable that agricultural indu try
makes IL smali.r agEregato return
: 'bo than in any other section.
Nor Is tho rcuson "anting it is due
10 the Prominence Ut cotton, tho re.
turn tor whicI iS substantially fixed
qna"tlty. anu ncglcct Of o,her rY,
souicrs.
Lot us gluico at the topography
and cApahl.,t,cs Of this section. Tho
area occupied by cotton, allowing 10
per cent. addition 10 u>u Il eStiuatus
ia less than orc f"rtieth of the surface
Vi these States it is but Que.
thirteenth If the proportion actually
occupied as farms. Forty SIX per
cert. Ut tho ceusns c'on w"s grown
j.. al counties, which are all that
produce ~ much as ten thousand
b,cs each; and II per cent. grew in
2l5 counties, making not lees than
five bales och. The to:al acreage
ii .otton is scarcely moro than one.
eixtrolth OF the su.fa:e Of Texas.
Whist is TO be done with the othar
fifteen sixteen,hs 7 a very large
proportion of the area OF these States
Is unadapted to co ton either by
| reason Of elevation or Of soil.
There is no other section Of the
| Iah .