davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
Machine Honesty.

Time was, when almost every stage
driver in Now York was know TO alb
stract a greater or less share of all the
fares received, and his employer had
no remedy and no sure means of de.
tecting tho rogue But thanks to the
ingenuity Of the inventor, our Broad
way Jehus have been transformed into
honest men. They can't steal If they
would. Tho patent money box, in
which tho passenger drops his fare,
relieves the driver from the duty of
handling the money, and consequently
none sticks to his fingers.
On the street railway cars, the pil-
iering conductor, although not rem
dered wholly honest, is considerably
intcriered with and his stealing re-
duced by means of the patent bell
punch. lie is required by the rules
TO punch strip OF paper for every
fare received. The punch contains q
bell, dial numbering register. and
receptacle in which the punched bits
OF paper are received The punch.
paper, and money, are returned to the
Office by the conductor at the end of
every trip. The dial pointer shows
how many times the punch has been
operated, and the count of holes In
tho paper the punched hts within the
punch, and also the money, should be
all ioand to agree, Any discrepancy
IS at once shown. But this device
does not fully answer tho purpose of
detection, because the conductor may
lake fares and not work the punch,
in a crowd, without being
observed.
The money box plan is apparently
tho surest. There is chance for
some ingenious person to invent n
box for conductors, which
will DO promotivc of their integrity in
'rowded cars.
One of tho latest lodges in this limo
comes to us from Constantinoplo.- -
The driver or conductor of the car
yves TO every passenger prize ticket
'earing number which is recorded
N the company's books. A drawing
axes place moathly, the company
,,rrovidin,g q certain number of prizes.
We read Of one passenger who lately
row a prize of 500 In this way.
,he hope of drawing prize makes
nc passenger careful to send in his
Ickets; aud if the money returns of
he driver or conductor arc not equal
? The number of tickets returned
here is showing of dishonesty, and
no particular culprits may bc detected
y comparing tho return tickets with
10 records OF the tickets issued to the
'veral conductors. Scientific Amcri-
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
How They Make Leather in Russia

The Shoe and Leather Reporter pub
fishes some extracts from private let.
ters of Hon. Marshall Jewell, United
States Minister at ST. Petersburg.
which afforded not little interesting
information concerning the Russia
shoe and leather tanneries and their
mode OF operation. Minister Jewell
appears to be taking an interest in this
important branch Of industry, and has
occupied much Of his leisure time in
inspecting the more prominent cstab.
llshmcnts for the purpose OF comparing
the methods of the Muscovites with
those pursued in the United States
Tanning is one of the most extensive
industries in st. Petersburg, where
there are hundreds of large establish.
ments, each tanning from 10000 to
10000 hides annually. They each en-.
ploy about hundred operatives, at a
cost Of from $40 20 S12 month each,
and while little oftheir labor is thrown
away, these men accomplish on an
average only about half as much as an
American beamsman. They use will.
low bark altogether and make only
about forty per cent Of leather out of
green hides. The cost of tanning is
about eight cents per pound, and the
product is far inferior to that of our
own tannerics. Minister Jewell thinks
there is an abundance of room for
American enterprise there, and that
Its introduction would bc mutuallv |
beneficial. In regard to one other
point not connected with the leather
business, the Minister SAYS hc gets
letters from Now England munuiactur.
ers stating that bogus goods with
counterfeit stamps are sold in Russia.
These goods arc made in Germany.
and this cuts off our Collins axes. Fair.
banks scales, the sewing machines and
others. lie finds that our treaty
'orolds tro practice, but says nothing
about vending or using the goods sold
lndcr the counterfeit marks. So the
1ealors there buy axes in Belgium
England and Germany and put al, OK,
'ct duplicate of the Collins stamp on
hem in transit, and hc Is powerless to
prevent it. He is going TO try to get
his thing Strengthened out when he
'ets fairly at work and we'll acquaint.
"a. Touching the government to
which he is accredited, tho Minister
Inds that of It's kind, it is perfection
nd clock work itsolf Tho Emperor
man of brains, force aud progress J
nd has a real love for his people.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
The American Volcano and the Eng.
gi,t lish Tidal Wave, aFs}0-

The concurrence Of the volcanic dis.
turbance In North Carolina and the
great tidal inundation OF the cast coast
Of England have raised tho question
whether the two phenomena have any
connection. Sir Charles Lyell, the
great geologist, has asserted that the
American coast in Georgia and the
Carolinas is subject to subsdence and
this fact, taken in connection with the
rumblings of Bald Mountain, suggests
an agitation extending far into the
waters OF tho Atlantic. The undulation
Oh tne ocean IRON tho great Lisbon
cartnquake produced q marine wave
wn'ch crossed :tno lwhoie Atlantic,
'nree 'oousanu seven hundred and
swsh'y,c'gnt 'niies, IN straight line,
~ asu orohc upon inc west indiau shores
" 1os paroaqos ana martinique; ana in
ioof .no japanese earthqaake sent It's
sGn s;,. Ias' aotoss .he Norlh racine ana
@ plca up its waters on the California
.oAs'. ~ uoes hot appear alarming
@ .naO Da'u mountain should be IN
crcnior ana yet we can inier nothing
iroii .ne apparent larulness Q, the
niouulain 70 roheVe itselii from internal
pressure. me suDterranean sounds
mn.a prcccued inc merry uprising OF
.oe Mex'cah volcano oi Jorullo, which
rose 10 . single night sixteen hundred
anu eignly-thfee iect, had lasted from
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
The Marvels of Mechanics.

During the last sicgo of Paris, the
inhabitants from timc to time effected
communication with their friends be
yond the German investing lines by
means of carrier pigeons. In fact, q
regular pigeon post was organized
having one of its receiving stations in
London. Hero tho written messages
for Paris were received, and by pho
Biography, reduced to miscrosopic size
each letter being reduced so small as
10 be invisible TO the oye except as a
speck. Some two thousand of these
specks were then printed on bits OF
tissue paper about an inch and a hall
square, which was rolled and carefully
attached TO one Of the tail feathers OF
tho pigeon. On the arrival of the
bird in Paris, tho postal officials placed
the paper under tho microscope, which
enlarged the several specks into read
able communications, which were duly
copied in writing and delivered to the
persons 10 whom they were addressed
Tho total postage received for the
transmission of one of those tiny bits
o paper frequently amounted TO two
thousand dollars.
Small as this photo writing seems,
it has been surpassed by mechanism.
In a recent number of the Lens, Dir.
J, J, Woodward, U. s. A. gives an en-.
largcd photograph Of microscopic writ
ing done by machinery on glass, by
means of diamond, executed by Mr..
William Webb, Of London. The writ
ing consists of the Lords Prayer,
which is written upon glass, within
space equal to one two hundred and
mir ety-fourtb part of, an inch in length
by one four hundred and fortieth part
OF an inch in width or space perhaps
equal to the dot in this letter i. The
photograph given by DR.. Woodward
shows this dot of writing enlarged so
as to occupy space OF about two
inches long by one and half inches
broad All the words are brought
legibly out on tho photograph, the
total number oflettcrs being 227 and
such is the exceeding fineness of tho
original writing that 29, ,431 ,45S letters
written in the same way would only
cover one square inch of glass surface.
The combined Bible and New Testa
nent contain in all 1866, ,4S0 lctters
hence it would be possible for Mr..
Webb to write the entire contents OF
moro than eight bibles within the
space OF one square inch. Two speci-
men plates containing the microscopic
writing above alluded TO have beea
'npplied by Mr.. Webb for the United
States Museum at Washington. Their
lost was fifty dollars each.
The Webb machine, however, does
lot equal, in the fnoness OF its writing
y perfection, the prior instrument OF
nr. N. Peters, a wealthy banker of
london, who, as long as 1855, was
Ible to write nearly three times finer
han Webb. SO perfect was the Pc
ers machine that it was competent TO |
ngravc the entire contents of the
}ible and New Testament twenty
wo times over within the space of a
ingle square inch.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
Muik-Rat Masonry,

/
AS soon as Tho fist frosts are lclt,
tho musk-rats select mud-bar, or
spot whero the bushes grow IN tho
winter, often near lilics---as the root
of. this plant Is fsvollic article OF
food with them --and proceed 10 laya
foundation for their house. In tho
first place they gnaw of attbc wa
ter's edge quantity Of coarse grasses,
rusbcs and small bushes. Gathering
this between the chin and lore-paws,
as II carrying the material in their
arms, they puslr il TO the place whero
they intend using it. replace where
they have harvested their grass and
rushcs looks as il somo one bad moved
it with scytho.
After the musk rats have brought
together material enough 10 make Il
solid foundation, and have raised tho
structure TO the waters edge, they
dive below and tunnel underneath il,
coming up through tho middle of tho
mass. The work is then carried on
from the inside, mud, decayed vogota-
tion, moss and other such material,
arc carried through this tunnel and
pushed out from the inside until it is
raised to the right height, and rooted
over; or, as Whittier POLITICALLY de-
scribcs IL:
"Thc musk rat piled tho mason's trade,
And tier by tier his mud. walls laid" rlf
Inside this hilock small chamber
about foot in ciamcteris left, whcro
within solid and compact walls, some
times two feet thick the musk-rats have
their comfortable Winter qnartes.
Their tunnel gives them access to
the water when the brook is frozen
over. In the winter rap on this
nest will bring ono or more Of its in-
mates out, and you will see thcm scat
ter away on the bottom of the brook,
picking their way among the stones
and roots, leaving, wherever they 90,
if the brook is frozen over, line Of
bubbles under the ice. When an open
space is reached, the creature gently
rises to the waters surface, and Just
putting the nose and one eye above
water, takes an observation and .
breath Of fresh air at tho same time,
but instantly dives again.
These nests vary in size, and look
quite rough when FIRST built and until
the snow and rain smooth them Off
If the nest is broken open, they i'm
mediately begin repairs, working from
the inside. When the meadows and
brooks are frozen over, the nests ap-
pear as if built on tho ice, and somo-
times, in the late Winter and Spring
freshets the upper part of the nest is
lifted up and moved, which would nat
urally confirm this impression; but
upon examination it will be found that
The foundation always rests on the
solid ground below.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
jANErrrs HAIR.
By MILES o'Rs,nuy.


Oh, lo4en the snood that you wear Janctte.
Let mstanglo hand in your hair, my net, gQ
For the world to mc had no daintler sight
Than your brown hair yelling your shoulders
white,
As l tangled hand in your hair, my pot.
i was brown, with golden gloss, Janctte,
II waznncr than silk OF tho noss, my pet!'
'TSas d 'AutifuI mist falling down to your wrist
Twas thing 10 bo braided and jewellcd, and
kissed, ~ '''....'.. n ~.
Twas the iovsiicst hair in the world, my pet.
Your eyes had q swimming gloss, Janette,
Revealing the dear old story, my pet;
They were gray with that chastencd tinge Of the
sky, tGeI rt
When the trout leaps quickest to snap the fly
And they matched with your golden hair, my pet.
Your lips--but have no words, Janettc,
They were MS fresh as the twitter Of birds my pet
When the Spring Is young, and the roses are wet
with dew drops in each red bosom set, ll
And they suited your gold-brown hair, my pot.
Oh, you tangled my life in your hair, Janettc,
Twas silken and golden snare, my pet;
But so gentle the bondage, my soul did implore
The right to continue slave evermore
With my fingers enmcsbcd in your hair, my pet.
Thus ever dream what you were, Janette,
With your lips, and your eyes, and your hair, my
peti :.
In the darkness Of desolate years / moan,
And my tears fall bitterly over the stone
That covers your golden hair, my pct
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15

a lady q. Madison, ch;o, thinkinr
pleasantly to surprise ono of her boar.
d,crs, put a gold ring which he had
lost 10 pancake and placed the pro.
ductlon on his plate at brcakfast.-
but tho boarder boltcd the pancake in
such largo bitos that the proseuce of
the ring was not discovered, and now
II is lost again. T Ii'i7''
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
Dead, but Not Buried.


When friend dies and is buried,
there's an end of him. We miss him
for space out of our daily existence,
we mourn for him by degrees that be-
comes mercifully less We cling 10 the
blessed hope that we shall be reunited
m some more perfect sphere; but so
far as this earth is concerned, there's
an end of him. However near and
dear he was, the time arrives when hc
does not form q part of our daily
thought; he ceases TO be even an ab.
straetion. We go no more with flow-
ers aud tears into the quiet cemetery;
only the rain and the snow flakes fall
there we leave it for the fingers of
spring to deck the neglected mound.
But when our friend yan;shcs unae,
countably in the midst Of a crowded
city, or goes off on sea voyage and
is never heard of again, his memory
has single tenacity. lie may be to
all intents and purposes dead to us,
but we have not lost him. Tho ring
of the door bell at midnight may be
his ring; and approaching footsteps
may be his footsteps; the unexpected
letter with foreign postmarks may be
from his hand. He haunts us as tho
dead never can.
The woman whose husband died
last night may marry again within
lustro OF months. Do you suppose q
week passes by when the. woman
whose husband disappeared SO mystic
riously ten years ago does not think
OF himy There are moments when
the opening of door must startle her.
There is no real absence but death.
IT. B. Aldrich in atlantic Monthly.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15

10 view of the closing of tho saloons
IN Philadelphia on Sundays, the sa.
loonlsts now display over their bars.
on saturdays, neat little piacards con.
tanning such maxims as these "Nevor
put on until tomorrow what you can
40 40 to-day" "A wise man pfovidcth
for Tomorrow
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15


WHAT Is MEANT ny A iIoRsr Pow.
En- THE power Of primo movers is
measured by horse power Watt
found that the strongest London draft
horses wero capable of doing work
equivalent TO raising $4,000 pounds
ono loot high per minute, and ho took
this as the unit of power for the steam
engine. The horse is not usually cana.
BILE OF doing 80 great quantity of
wcrk, Rankin gavo 10000 foot
pounds as the figure for mean of
several experiments, and it is proba-
bic that 25,OOO foot pounds is a fair
average work for rood ami,
maj. II would require five or six men
10 C, DO the work of strong horse
watts estimate has become, by gcn.
'ral consent among onginocrs, tho
of power measurement for
Nv purposes. Scientific la;cyiea,.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15

The rcctoro of the Glasgow.university
chapel, IN recent sermon, said: "OH.
Tor light, moro lightlq The ianitor
thought no mcantit, and turned on
Tho gas TO full head.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15

TORPEDO BoATs.- Tho launch of tho
torpedo boat at the Boston Navy Yard
marks new era in the history OF naval
warfare. No government except that
OF the United States has yet success
fully attempted the construction of
boats devoted especially to torpedo
service; and, consequently, the boat
recently launched at Brooklyn and
that just placed in the water at Bos-
ton are the only vessels of the kind in
the world. The Boston boat will ca,..
ry twenty-five or thirty torpedoes of
The most approved plan, each calcu-
lated to be capable of destroying any
man-ofwar. The torpedocs are TO DO
attached, ono at time, TO an iron
SHAFT, running out forward, and can
be exploded at any moment. The diff.
tculty in arranging a torpedo boat so
as to insure tho destruction ofan enc.
my's vessel, without injaring tho boat.
has been overcome it being discoy-
cred that the radius OF the circle of tho
immediate effect Of torpedo with n
one hundred pound charge is about
fourteen feet, il only requires that tho
shaft to which tho torpedo is affixed
shall extend that distance beyond tho
Prov of the boat to insure The desired
result All other difficulties having
been already met, the success of this
new method of naval warfare is re-
garded as assured.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15

Artcmus Ward once observed that
nc approved Of temperance hotels, al.
though hc thought that as a rule thew
sold worse liquor than tho other Kind.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
DORTAGE NAIL WORKS.
DuEcANsvILLE, BLAIR Co., IA,
NAILSl

The aboye works being again operated BY the
undersigned, offer to the trade full supply Of
their Justly celebrated Nails at tho lowest prcos
JOHN MuSSELMAN.
Duncansvillc, March Is, ls7i.-sm.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1874-04-15
Tho largest Circulation ofany Newspaper
neg In North Central Pennsylvania.
Terms n Of substitution, \

II paid In advance, or within 5 months...e2 O0
II paid after 8 and before q nonths...... 2 81
If paid ator tho expiration of months. . on
The New York herald., 1874-08-14

ID Parties wishing to cnlok good days sport will do
well TO come TO the Brandon House, where they will Mud
boats bait ana fishing tace also good Boz rd at
prtces stages will be Monroe meet the AS and
80 trains daily, Address T. r. WATkRaTONR Co.
Monroe feH onfoc, orange county, ~ r.
The New York herald., 1874-08-14
H. E. M'DONNELL 4 CO., AUCTIONEER2
f. Elegant Household Furniture sale,
THIS fEridayl MORNING.


August Il, 1874. commencing at 10Y O'Clock,
at private residence 40 West $50 st., ii'aa
between 6th and 7tn magnificent Household fuypI
mante Mirrors, r. &. Lighe Co. 7is octave rosewood
full iron frame patent agrafe Panofortc, Bronzes OIL
Tables. Turkish Chairs and suit Hookcase, CHAMBER
Suit complete Bedsteads Dressing Cases, Mattresses
&c Extension Tables, Buffet, Chairs, sale positive
A UCTION SALE OF FIRST CLASS CITY MADE
"A Household Furniture. velvet Brussels Carpets thu
prvas rs residence ia %s as ns fS
Magnincen Grana Dushesse Prince Arthur " and Ssrs
wood "a, octave PianOfore. " Works of ART Paintn0s
Mirrors Curtains Chamber Suits all styles: MaresseS
Bedding Sitting Room suits IN plush reps and hair:
stand Slair Carpets. J. KRAEMEK, Auctionccr 1ooda
packed and delivered for purchasers. lake Broadw sy
Sixth Seventh avenue cars to Twenty eighth street
UCTIoN SALE OF FURNITURE, CARPErs.
a r!anoioGg!e G China Extension Tapls E,p A., at II
We'll furnished houe Pier and Msntei Glasses, DiscH
pets Ola ssware Armoir-a .Glace Bureaus Cnsrs II.
tension Table, &c. over 2Do lots, by catalogue.
BANKRUPT SALE. -'.f
ID Household Furniture, ,..-....
Bedding Horses Trucks. &c;
nURpErT pEfSts PIE Ausgoneels sloce ra 'sI M q II
ana S99 HUDSON street corner Houston street
10y order oliver fiskc, ESQ., United states MarshaD
tt Household Furniture, &C..
'0A'' elegant Bureaus, yed.te.a. warcroses
Spring Beds, Bedding, Tables Mirrors, Parlor SuiA
Sofas a}c &c. &C.
Horses Trucks. Harness, Tools Material &C.. TO-
q. 4 s. Heyman Mack, bankruph
catalogues stsDGTS |fD aTy'A DENNIS, Auoaon.sr
% BurlinQ aim
The New York herald., 1874-08-14


NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS, ENGINE MAKERS
IN Boiler Makers and Pump Makers.-Sealed proposals
will bc received at tho office OF the Commits
Of hobokcn at the corner OF Newark and Willow streets
o'clock A. NJ. for furnishing pumps with steam boilers
and engines for driving the pumps be by e sad
Commissioners in the drainage OF the HobOken meadows
or addpe cGARIEs pCHHMBERHAN seerstep ea on az
the Office above mentioned: l.. W. POST. Engineer,
opposite the Court House. Jersey City Heights
GALE AND REMOVAL OF PENITENTIARY OF
- VIRGINIA.
The undersigned, appointed commissioners for the
purpose by an act Of the General Assembly approved
April 20 1874 will receive sealed proposals. be opened
AZ IL O'clock ". ON Thursday the LIST day OF October.
The following are the provisions OF the act to which
~ These commissioners shall advertise for proposals
for the purchase OF the land and buildings, ami
removal OF the buildings and the inmates point
not less than Ave miles from the corporate limits the
city OF Richmond; SAID propossl. to stipulate
commooat,on ana employment of the prisoners,
means and appliance that are necessary 10 cure all
the facilities Tor tho operations the Pentenary TO the
came extent as they at present exist in the state pcn
tentnry; and provided further, tnat no proposal shall
be accepted which involves State in any expense
over and above the proceeds land and
naings now used for and connected with the Penten
-. % Proposals tor the removal must be endorsed on
me cnveopes Proposals for Removing the State
fennentiary" and should he accompanied with
and include q map OF tho grounds, and plans, draw
lngs and specifications for the buildings furnished
IN place o those at present occupied proposition
sna,i NC accepted unless approved OF by the commw
siOn" ~~ -
Proposals should be addressed to the under at
nicnmohd' JAMES /. kEMPER,
R. Il. WITHBRs
MARSHALL, HANGER.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-03-25

TN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNI
i TED STATES for the Eastern District OF
Virginia.
In the matter of f. II. Valentine, bankrupt
-in bankruptcy.
At Richmond, Va, on the l2th day of March,
a. d., 1874.
TO WHOM 1T MAY CONCERN;
Please take notice hereby, that a petition has
been to-wit: on the 18th day of March, 1874
filled in said District Court, by E. H. Valentine. OF
Henrico county in said district. who has been
heretofore duly declared bankrupt under the Act
of Congress entitled Gan Act to establish a uni
form system of bankruptcy throughout the
United States," approved March cd, 1867, for a
discharge and certificate thereof from all his
debts and other claims provable under said Act
and that the 9th day of April a. d., 1874, at
10 O'Clock a. M, before w, w. Forbes, one of the
registers of said court in bankruptcy, at his
office in Richmond, in said district, is the time
and place assigned for the hearing of the same,
when and where you may attend and show
cause, if any you have, why the prayer of the
said petition should not be granted.
S You are also hereby notified that the second
and third meetings of the creditors of the said
bankrupt will be held at the same time and
place. w. w. FORBES,
Register in bankruptcy for
NH 19--lTh2W Sd Cong'i district of Va,