, 1874-01-18

n end. they thought. The workingmen thought
% too. They shut their teeth firmly, worked
lard, aud ,lndcrsold their masters in the mar"
;ets They lost. as they knew they musI. .'la nn1
iyed for months on or cents . day. 1t was
| long wear before the masters began, one Dy
me. to give way; and it was fTe or six long
;ears before tho Workiugmens WoiVerhamptoh
psy. ut, when once it began, it did not stop;
It is now Aourishing, profitable Company; ana
it realizes, Us the world does, that 1t ls per-
severance and corporation that made II So
This is not by any means tue only c1amp1e "
be given of what worklng1nen M pave re+iua aone ius
There are many small co-opera!lSo
shops iu England, owned By the men !, to Wnom
thcy give employment. and few establishments
as large as the one already described. .;,
The third class Of producing co7opetaIhse % aehso
under the contlo! y. o]"oA
co-operatiye societies-fnds fit type IN the
ousEBunS ENGINE WORKS., ~oo nm
at Newcastle-on-Tyne. It's capital is S5ouooo, |
divided into 10000 shares. After provlaing los
q reserve fund, aud payment OF IL per cent oa
the paid-up capital au pfonts 1'0 - worker
in the company receives dividend on tne
amount paid him in wages or salary. Eacn enl-
ploye must allow portion OF hls wage Ut v e1ia.s
10 remain Oh deposit with tue company 1t mnen
the deposit amounts to 80, he Eeceifes 0A'A1~
The greater part Of the cnpital-stock was sup
ac,;hed nv the cooperative stores in the nozth
of England. This. in fact, is true OF Tue g1ea'
majority Of productive cooperative entetpatsen
The stores are far easier to manage, ana a1e
naturally started first. When they grow strons
and find surplus cash on their hands, they are
apt to use it in promoting oo-operause p'oaaS pa~t
tIon. It WAS in this way 1hat most OF Tue Eltas
corn and cotton mills wh.:, "mkpgmei a nsn;c IN tna
English iron trade last year cost the ouseouru
Eugino Works $4,000, but the Company weht
serancly on. It is power in the IRON ousnlo''
to-day. ,x;.,e,
There is q good deal that is not encouraging
about
COOPERATION IN FRANCE, !.
but abundant and adequate reasors are gwen "
account for TINT fact. Political feSolutlons uA.o
made whatever Government happened % oe -
power dread gatherings OF ~ork1ngmen' ~ auo; -
late "a 1873, 3 letter from u. Buoyon 10 tue
English Cooperative Congress states that no lec-
sure can be gwen OIL cooperation without nlss ~
taiping the permission OF the secretary u olaso
for the Home Department, and OF Inc eomuile-
s,oner OF Police. This same gentleman iaIs
great deal Of blame upon the press. "hlen n1
Thinks fails to give information OF p1actcal
kind suited to the masses. In the thnd pace,
these are the mistakes made By the co-operatofs
themselves. Want Of experience, disputes, aliu
the deephatred oil the workinsmen forcapltausts, s
hinder the formation Of mauy societies. " tne
societies that have been formed the froouct1se
| Associatious have been most succes6ial,
| and the history OF tho establishment
and growth of some of these societies as Us re- e
markable as any Of the Engish case5 a ha
it was thought that great sarvlce "ou!u ~ 5sn-
| dered to cooperative societies N uemanuAus
| from the Assembly a loan of S600,0 ,0oo Tor thelr
| use. AS this WAS done in the few shoft oays VI VI
thepeople's power, the loan "ss oota1neo. tals
| of this sum was distributed, but the soclet!es
| which attained to the greatest success received
| no part of it.. Among the, a''soclas1ons neApeo
| III this wuy By the Government WAS
/ An opoAS1zAT1oS OF cAB1SET-AAKERs:
This WIS formed in 1913 by nine men. n "1tn a;at 81
prospered apace. In 1857, tho receipts we're
Sc. UtO It was the most important business OF
| lie sort in Paris, and it is 80 srllf. The Com
nany had loan OF ST, 900 from the government
This WIS long since repaid o,,
There arc employ yess in France. az Teil tea
as in England, who have formed ene
idna of admitting their employees to q
si,ara in tie profits. Foremost among
societies formed in this way as the ASSOCIATION 10 o.
Leclaire Co., Paris. A good many years ago A1'
Leclaire was greatly troubled WITH
STRIKES AND INEFFICIENT WORK.
and decided to excite his mems goodwill oy glFlne
them share in the business. he pfomlseo !nea' a,
| half of the net profits above certain SUM- Each
man then received dividend in proportion &c
The wages earned during the yea-. The results
OF this action are most happy,-no strkes' care. n
full work, good habits, and greater profits. Ihe
business Is go large, indeed, that, oesloe the
I annual dividend OF from Is to u per cent inert
ia also pension Of 3i60 Tor each member oTel
IS years of age.
In 1913. several hundred journeymen ,piaoo
1nak.,o G!ed q request for S:60, 900 Of the Assem-
hlyn loan. This oxo1 1bitant demand was refused
aud their plan broke down. About fourteen
70, 1s49, with sl0o worth Of tools and S46 Il
cash. On the 9Th Of the following May the mem
bers received their first wages, amounting =
$1.37 each. EACH took the dollar, but the .
cents were invested in
sFRATEnSAL REpAsT,
) | which the fourteen mcmbers with their wivel
and children, enjoyed in all good fellowship
. | For a month their wages we're dollar week
| Then they sold baker piaao for S96 worth Q
bread, By August their weekly wages rose +
, - e s3. to & More than half their profit
! we're devoted to capital account. In December
| 1850. thei, carital was @6.596. Since then, the
have been as successful, but, apparently. not
: fraterna!. The company has split into Two, on
| of which nov has capital OF ~, ,o0U.
Of all the societies formed bY French worh
ipgmen, perhaps the most interesting Is that Q
the tailors. A dozen or 30 Partisan journeymer
; thrown out Of work By tile Franco-uerman VA
t cLuBBED THEIR NEEDLES AND sc1ssons,
| and opened shop in . dihGy little roomo n
= diuev little street. Their excellent work gaV
j them the means OF supporting life, but that W.
q ! ali. When, however, tho Government Of n:
i t1onA Defense advertised for contractors
make sothng ths IT %ose assents it, fbey 11o hire
nearly $4,000 people, chiefly the wives
men in the army. They gave some OF the'
q gubordinates ehares in the Profits, and paid
= OF them far higher wages than any other on
K ,oyers III the city dreamed OF giving. Neverth -
r. less. the profits OF the contract we're Sa2.oo
;, Tins sum IVES divided among all the memRers,
# proportion to the time each had worked. II
Society now occupies handsome quarters, al
!. ! does & handsome amount OF work.
ia A"FRArERSA1 BUILDING CLUE,
d formed Of iourneymeu carpenters and mason
b built one OF the largest depots in Paris. fe
s.; years ago, and got s75oo0o for its work.
eomewhat similar organization, on nut
larger scale, is the .---
l. Aa1ALaAMATED CARPENTERS AND 1ofSEEs.
n This has not been hitherto described, becaus
d unlike all the others, 1t is all AnRlo-Am
ir Society. Although begun in England, it is nj
fe thoroughly established in America, with centr
"a Office in New York, and branch Offices in most
~ tue principal American cities, including,
,e course, Chicago. This Society was instituted
Ia June, 1860. The increase Of branches. member
n ana funds from the December OF that year
ID the corresponding month in 1872 will give Sol
ID idea Of the growth and power Of the Associate
I'd Dates. Branches. AemoeFs. W
~ ~ December, 1s7o...: o55 11,oo0 15+,