The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-12-04
TOBACCO.
Description OF the Kinds Grown In this


There are many varieties OF the TO-
bacco plant, of both temperate and
tropical growth. The plant attains a
larger growth in temperate cline, but
loses that fine flavor which belongs to
all the tobacco of the tropics. Some
varieties are best adapted for cutting,
others for snuff, and still others for
cigars. There are nearly fifty varieties
of tobacco cultivated, some of which
are of fine color, texture, and flavor,
while others are coarse, dark, and
strong. The are many kinds cultivated
in this country, including the following:
Connecticut seed-leaf, New York, Penn
sylvania, Ohio, and Wisconsin seed
leaf, Virginia, Maryland, North Caro-
lima, Perique Oa.l, Florida, Missouri
tobacco and some other varieties. Some
of these are very similar in kind. Vir-
giniais fine smoking tobacco, adapted
for the pipe; Connecticut is justly cele
brated as the finest cigar wrapping leaf
known to commerce; while Ohio raises
both cigar and cutting leaf.
Some few years since, the growers of
the plant in the Connecticut valley en-
tertained the belief that the valley was
capable of producing leaf tobacco ex-
ceeding in flavor the variety now Guilt
waited, and still retain that fine texture
that gives it its value. Many leading
varieties were tried, including Orinoco,
Latoka, and most of the varieties grown
in Cuba. By repeated trials they sue
ceeded in raising a variety known as
Spanish tobacco, which promises to be the
coming tobacco plant in New England.
The plant is of strong growth, attaining
about the same height as seed-leaf-
perhaps attaining a little more altitude
has small, hard stalk, with leaves
about two feet inlength and correspond
ing breadth. The plant comes forward
rapidly, and ripens much more rapidly
than seed leaf, thereby insuring against
all danger from autumnal frosts.
The Latoka or Persian tobacco was
first brought to this country by the
well-known traveller, Bayard Taylor,
some years since, and was tested by
many tobacco-growers in all sections of
the country, but, on account of its size,
being one of the smallest varieties,-
could not be cultivated with much pro
fit. 1t is we'll adapted for the pipe, and
is of peculiar flavor, while the color
about like light Virginia-fts it for all
lovers of mild tobacco. Another varie-
ty tested in New England has been
known as Podunk tobacco. This is
doubtless another variety of seed leaf,
the result of bringing seed from vari-
GUS countries. There are quite a num-
Der of varieties of seed-leaf cultivated
in New England, middle, and western
states. There are four varieties in
Ohio, and another has recently been dis
covered in a most singular manner.
A few years since number of plants
growing near some bushes attracted the
attention of the grower on account of
the peculiar color of the leaf. The
leaves were carefully picked, and the
plants allowed to go to seed. The next
season plant beds we're made, and sew
eral acres planted. The result was the
same, the leaf exhibiting the same color
when growing and curing down to
light shade, which gives It's name,
" white tobacco, or, as it is known now,
" congress premium tobacco" AS cut
tobacco it bids fair to rival other tobac-
cos used for this purpose. In California
the plant is being cultivated to a consid-
of curing discovered by Mr.. Culp, will
doubtless make its cultivation success,
and add still another great product to
the number now cultivated in that Won
drous cline. But while new varieties
of the plant are being tried, new meth
DDS of culture are being tried, which has
much to do with the growth and quality
of the plant. In the New England
states especially have tobacco-growers
been more particularly interested in the
new varieties, sId te3ted more than in
any other part of the country. In Vir-
ginia not so much attention has been
paid to new varieties (although there
are many grades and qualities) on &C
count of their tobacco being adapted for
the pipe rather than a cigar wrapper.
While the tobacco plant readily
adapts itself to soil and climate, it
often loses those essential qualities
which render it valuable and a source
of profit to the cultivator of the weed.
Some kinds of tobacco may be grown in
almost any climate and still retain, in a
measure, its essential qualities, such as
texture, color, size, and weight. Others,
however, change altogether On being in
troduced to new sections of country.
When the London and Plymouth com
panies landed in Virginia, they found
tobocco (uppowoc) very small plant,
with leaves not much larger than those
of the walnut tree, and growing about
two feet in height. The English colony
took a deep interest from the first in
the plant, and at once commenced its
cultivation. The care and attention be-
slowed upon the plant soon completely
changed the whole character of it, both
in size, color, and general quality. 1t
has been SO in New England now the
plant is of much better color and tex
Uure than when first cultivated, and, as
new varieties are being tested, will IN
doubtedly produce varieties of the plant
excelling those now being cultivated.
New varieties, as they are introduced
into the country, cause new and i'm
proved methods of culture to be tried
IN order to perfect the leaf. European
and American tobacco are entirely differ
cit, particularly in strength, the former
not possessing the strong qualities pos
sessed by the American plant. On be-
ing cultivated, however, in America, it
in short time becomes as powerful in
flavor as if always grown here. In
order to test new varieties of the plant
they should be tried upon va
rious soil and with the aid of various
fertilizers. In this way the grower can
easily determine just what soil and Gull
tivation is required for the plant. If
the leaf is to be light select light soil
if, on the contrary, a dark leaf is de-
sired, the plants should be "set upon
a dark loan. In this manner the grow
err can readily obtain the color. texture,
and body of leaf required. Not only
will such experiments be valuable, but
the result will be gratifying and inter
estipg.
Miss Kellogg on Foreign Music
Teachers.
A correspondent of the Cincinnati
writing of conversation
with Clara Louise Kellogg, says that
the prin1G donna spoke as follows con-
cernlng foreign music teachers "They
give their pupils no rest. 1t is to the
interest of the teacher to do so, for
when a new comet rushes forth the
questionis, who was her master?' 1t is
the best card in the world for him, and
l~,,o,,-, o,,l &c 1y,h bic Ioao% NUlo,,