, 1874-06-06

read with avidlty throughout Italy, by Cotholca
Us we'll as Protostants. Tho WaldonHianR hays
three or four largcly-attended churches III Flor
onoo, and they havo stlccocaod tn establishing
Homo itsslf, aud tn many towna. They claim 10
haYe botvoon 200 aud 800 self-sustalning
congregations In 1tnly, exclusive OF tho
original churches in the Alp Valleys, and
Ct sa soehias so g 1ss1 so IT ao
nearly half belong to tho parent Church
among tho Alps. They have received large
peouniaEy aid from tho British missionary So
ciotiea to help thom n1ant now churches and
print and distribute their religious publications..
Still, they are moro "drop In tho bucket" no
to spenk of tho Italian population; aufl increase
by conversions Of Catholics to their faith pro-
ccetls worry slowly. but the great point gained,
attcr al, ia exemption from intolerant porseou-
t'on,
LIBERTY OF nEL1a1oug CONSCIENCE r
protected BY law amt supported by public senti-
1nent. A person maY now profess 1ny Religious
helief he pleasos in Florence and Italy, and wor-
ship God according to tue dictates Of his own
heart,-none daring to make him afraid. For
fifteen centuries this could not be dono In ITALY,
Tho world movos, and human rights finally
triumph oyor bigotry.
Whlto It is true that Italy has BECOME . land Of
religious federation and political liberty it is also
true that there arc slight symptoms Of hor peo-
pie becoming Protestants In tho aeneo Of with
drawing from tho Papai Church, and attaching
themselves to Protestant scots. They anpear to
entertain deep aversion to tho very namo Of
Professionalism, aud abuut tho last thing they arc
likely to do Ia to join any Of its sects. Tho
tendency of tho educated otassos Of Italians IL
to Mnterialism,-
PHILOSOPHY, AS THEY CALL II.
Florence, Nolne, Naples, Milan, Genoa. Venice,
and Other Gtlos. arc tul of "phtlosopherA, but
''drops out" Of the Catholic Church, heo
stops not ut the halfway houae OF faith aud
renson, but awinga oloar over to tue sido Of un-
loliaf. From Dogma la goos TO- RstonRlsm.
Tho number Of this Clasa Of mon Ia very great.
and rapidly increasing in spite of ali tbs efforts
Of tho Church to arrcat and provent It.
They avoid social ostrocism or persecution by
not making organized demonstrations or public-
" combining to propagate their opinions. It is
only in thoir political action that their strength
ami influence arc discovered and oponIy exhibited.
They constitute tho "back-boneh OF tho oppo-
gition 10 ultromoutancsm in Italy. They de-
nounco aud roBiat tho temporal powers claimed
BY tho Church, aud combat the doctrine that po-
clerical dictation. But tho party OF ''philoso-
phera' IL not confined to Italy, nor did thoy
originate in it. All over Europe thoy may 10
found, and I'll no country arc they 10 numerous
They embrace a very iarge proportion OF tho
professional mer, OF the writors, scientists, stu
doutB, aud artisaus. ALI tue Christian gccts are
beginning to fool that their dilforencas NTH each
other are OF secondary consequence, and tAat
thoir real aud
Mosr DANGEROUS ANTAGONIST
is Matcriaisu1; aud that, u the future, the con-
t1ict must bo between tue. Church and tic philoe-
ophelB, and not bekween tho scots.
The Ftorentines tako much pride In pointing
out TO visitors tho houHe in which tbs immortal
Daute WAS born; aud the house of Amerigo
VoApucci, who, il lo did not discover Americs,
gave 1t his name and tho house Of hachlarei:
aud the house Of dalileo, who stuck to 1t that
H.. ax,a
prince Of artists. Miciael Angelo; and many
other houses whoro whero born, lived, or died,
tho great men produced by Florence. Yhe tower
IL still sho"n which was used by
0ALILEo
as m observatory to carry on Ills astronomical
observations, and near the tower IL Wills in
which tho tiiustrioua philosopher resided, and
wAero Milton viHited him in his old age, 4. D,
1858. Miltous remark in renting this Incident
is that lo viaited tho famoae Calico, grown
astronomy otherwise than tho franciscan and
Dominican licensore thought" Ho !. was not
actuaiiy incarcovated by tho Inqusition,
but only confined to his own house
and grounds Probably thiH was all Milton
intended to convoy. It was ut imprisonment in
one Sense, hut not au incarceration in public
dungeon. a report Of the interview botweon
the old philosopher and tho youthful poet would
be IN Interesting ohapsor. Milton spent whole
year travelling III Italy: Flo spoke tic language
greeting; but tt III singular that ho nevor ro-'
corded any Of the imprasAfonu which auch
country as Italy made on hiH mind and, in ail
his suhsequens Hritlnge, he seenh nsvor to have
drawn on tue images Or materials WHICH ho must
have gathered up during his tour. It was very
diffeEons NTH b!ron, who visited Italy two
centuries later. His pen workod induatriously
in reproducing tho impreaHsous mado on his
mind, ana in describing tho scenes he Witnessed
in this classic land. Tha materials for Aomo OF
tho bcst things ho evor wrote we're found iu
Italy.
Tho order Of arrangement Of tho works Of art
in tho Florence galleries III very admirable. The
pictures arc placed according to tho school Of
logical order. Ta2o, for example, the galleries
Of the
uFr1z1 PALACE.
There arc two vido corridors, each 600 foot long,
furnishes light. The coing OF the one il coy
ered with freBco pictures, exhibiting the riao
and progress Of tho painting art siuce 4. D. 1900.
Tho wallis are hung with pictures in tho order OF
their age, running through q period Of nearly
corridors lead. zach orv Is filled will piotures Of
q particular BcLool Of art. rhuB tho frat OF the
auto Of halls may be loyoted to picturos
Of tbs TUSCAN school before tho
Msen.,aissanco, ls .,ah mud the next TO- pictures
thon tho next hall may DO TINT Of ancient
masters, no picture less than GOO yoars old
tue nsxt hull may 10 filled with tho works Of tho
Veuetian school; the noxt Of tho Lombard
school tho next Of tho Dutch school; theu tAo
Flemish; thou tho English; then the Trench; thou
the German; thon tho dsnoeAo; aud thoil tho
Spanish; aud aoon to tho eud Of tic collections.
Thus you will tiud in ono hall Romo OF tho Colo
bratod works Of Raphael In another those Of
Michael Augolo, or Van Dyok, or Corroggio, or
Titan, or Alfoni, or Rembrandt, Or IuboNs, and
palace will generally bo found Qua large
ball containing specimen picture from tho
pencil of oach Of all the groat naatols, tho
prIbuna hall, for example, In tho ulilzl Palace.
ohoico specimens Of anciont atatuary, while tho
walla arc covered With tho beat specimens OF
modern painting.
IN rux ACADEMY or THE FINE Anrs,--
tho third iu Fluronco in point Of va.uo,-oVery-
thing IL arranged in chronological nuuucsHlor,
It begins with tho byzantine period, and ends
with liza lsta Italiap lattlc=RcQuea md llaraatas