New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-01-07
APPLIED SCIENCE.

WIypuAUsEY RErRIGRRATING MACHINES. 1t is
stated that in New-Orleans several retr1geratIng
machines Of the Windhausen pattern, winch operate
by expanding compressed air. have been con-
structed, that arc competent TO eXpahu anu
deliver continuously 10000 cubic feet oil AIR per
hour at temperature Of from 80 TO 3D. below
zero Fahrenheit. II the actual work accords win
these concentrations it seems probable that ma
chimes upon this principle, being free from tne
drawbacks and difficulties attendant upon the use
of chemical substances in refrigeration, ihus' iii
time suppant them.
RAT PoIsoN-The following method of preparing
poison for rats Is said to be more eifectuai IMAM
moistenng grain with solution OF strychnne:
Make clear solution of arsenite OF potash, by boil
ing in large iron kettle part of white arsenic,
one of carbonate of potash and Is If water stirring
the whole well together add 25 parts of water, aud
introduce. while warm 50 parts of barley, wheat, OF
oats stirring frequently during "a to 81 hours then
heat the grain and stir 1t with paddle until II APP
pears dry externally For use IN the house II may
be advisable TO color the gram by adding 1850 part
of liquid fuchsin. Clean the Kettle AFTER use Dy
securing with lime. In most Cities however, inc
arsenite Of potash can be obtained ready made anu
thus the trouble and danger OF preparation is saved
BIst'LPuITE OF SODA FOR CONTRACTING THE
EFFECTS OF CHLORINE IN Observation-Disclosures
to Dr. Schuchardt of G0rlitz the most decidedly In
Jurous effect of hyposulphite OF soda as an anti
| chlorine, and one not fully recognized by many
| manufacturers namely. the deposition OF ninety
divided sulphur in the fabric liable to be gradually
oxidZed to suphurous suphuric acid In the arr,
may be entirely avoided by the use of bisulphite OF
soda This is also preferable to sulphite of soda,
EMPLOYED with good effect by some, because an equal
weight brings into play much larger amount OF
suphurous acid and larger amounts of material can
therefore be dechlorinated in given time; Schu-
containing 80 per cent snlphurous acid, at m'ich
| cheaper and more economical rate than the hyPo-
sulphte or suphite The excellent effect OF ths o,
bleaching and washing wool, is known, ana also the
beauty and lveliness of the cOors afterward taken
| IN dyeing.
| DECREASE OF THE SIIK-woBM DIsEAsE.-M. Guerin
Menevile in referring TO the various forms OF SILK
worm disease. congratulates the people of France
that while the intensity of the epidemic has become
enfeebled in certain sections il is about disappear
| ing entirely in many localities in the War; and the
high and low Alps of France; also in the Pyrenees
| OF Spain, Tuscany, &c. In these localities, for
several years past il has not been necessary To make
use of the green of the Japanese worms the
| gatherings being of the beautiful native yellow
| cocoons of much superior value. Nearly all the
methods of rearing in vogue, as in times anterior
10 the attack of the epidemic, and the failures are
j
from tine canses. such ~ want OF lnteIIlSeit
care badly located establishments, dc. Nearly all
careful and well instructed managers who use the
| improved methods of selection succeed III their
| work. For these reasons, NJ Meneyille is SATISFIED
! that the silk-wOrm epidemic Will decrease more ana
| more each year. and that very soon we may hope TO
see the silk producing interest III ITS normal cono
ton; and even though eggs may not be exported 10
China and Japan il will, at least be unnecessary 10
! import any more from those countries.
| notwithstanding to DR.. Gautier, a
| suitable drinking water should be destitute of any
particular taste. and must be positively rejected
should contain any odor whatever lis temperature
should be comprised between ~ andGO0 Fahrenheit
As the water introduces not only oxygen and hydro
gen into the system in the PROPORTIONS necessary to
! form water, but also such mineral substances in
| solution. as are indispensable to life, 1t viii be
readily understood that absolutely pare water is not
suited for the srIsenance of life. There must, how
ever be limit 10 the quantity al such foreign in
gradients. under the penalty OF injury to health
OF these Ingredients carbonate of lime is the most
| common and of this there may be- without incOn-
yenience 1O-iO0 10 20-l0O of gramme to the ntre
An appreciabc percentage Of phosphate OF lime
renders the water UNFIT for domestic ana indus,lai
uses: and for general purposes there should not De
greater percentage than 2l0O 10 3-iOO OF giaiHme
g. the ltIe. Small percentages OF the chiorldeS gen
~ ateC: water disadyantage0usly for drinking
! purposes. The maximum, however, shond he S-lOO
TO 0-lrOof p grainme 10 the litre The presence OF
organic matter in waters has been considered one OF
the principal causes Ci any Injurious qualities tbey
NAV possess 10 their presence beng attributed the
development OF such diseases as diarfhe, dysenerN
| intermittent fever typhoid fever, etc. me organic
residue should aInount To more tndn z-lUV 10
| 5-l0O oi a gTaInme 10 the litre.
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