The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1874-04-30
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OH @ 4OSSS1hi 49, - -
bluoyS0T5TEbcGAR0L ~
s.yv hiss 4e.S. ,r;1 -.,2adas1i3 mia 5ooa2
Theggaegsd Misrals and ~ Care. are
..fnEsInTestigstio yLle,
eiro1n Colonel Richard iAatiaerss tif'9'a' i's,'
4aqse .asia5s1o ssss Chronicle o.
fsRsssTine WIFI mach gfaSifcatiea to our re-
,raatiltergiew SheSubjeeta aof the ackuowi-
edged frands aad misrnleI daqw existing IN the
Stategeyernn,ent ofSau.h aroana, ana which,
in common With every distinguished puplic
man have met with in Washington, you oe-
precatec ayearnestly desire to reform, yet l
ind from your, thoughtful remarks as as, to. 70 tne
dificulties of providing practlcat redreSs 9I loF
shese evils sthatyou are doubtful OF Congres-
n,;atararaedies! autip therefore, are likely
xoqlosel lmachsof1thsi PRACTICAL value OF your
sympathy.9whieh youn experience as q states
man and influence as, an editor would other
wise afford u.s. L am, therefore, desirous ofl
saresting Won In q, more careful estigatlon OF
xhis subject. because many Of the friends OF
GOOD goyernment Here have supposed that the
1eople of our State propose no welfdehned
.smsstss3 under Congressional measures or Exc
eutiV6 Administration save only that sympathy
vhich. in the interest of good government and
aeainst fraudsaudacorruption, snlnst necessarily
follow so plain case for their cooperation! !
..But while such. sympathy{is material, and if
heartily and iudiciously extended through all
the Sramif;cations Of Federal influences in the
State By the enforcement of proper election
laws and the maintenance of proper othclals IN
the administras would 'measurably afford
relief still would also ask your consideration
of thetmoreq complete reEef which the 9foureh
section of fifth article Of the Federal Con
stitution affords us ntesing as 1t does TO
each State g. rspubkeag form OF gece'7snsent,
which form in substance cannot a pc sald % exs
ist in State where the rights of property are
ignored. and Where Where the whole system Of goy-
ernment is one OF fraud aud corruption, be.
yopd the reach Of reform by any means within
thesroweE SfIthese soai whom the burdens OF
nisrGle are made tooIest.s Permit hme, therel
fore e;atosaskyoura attentionatosG few quotations.
from distinguished blieistsv and statesmen as
partial illustration of my OWN views more to
interest you in the use Of yourr oMni fertile re-
sources In the pursuit of so Important an in
yestigation than to assume for my superficial
remarks that degree Of impo ortance which SO
grave constitutional question merits, and on
f1e dissemination Of which hangs perhaps,
the peace and happiness of thousands of our
fellow citizens, whose power to resist factlon
may depend on the conclsision.aM 9SA
We. have constitutional right TO a repuoil-
can. form of government, and now it is admit
ted bv every Glass and every party Throughout
onrc6m MOI, land that attl,e rights ST property
ara entirely1ieaorsd, and that there is 30 ina
chinerydsithinethe State powerful enough to
resist the frands and cor-uptions.w which impoH-
erishr and hnsniiate usEs Itefwould, therefore,
be absurd to- say that we enjoy that-that torm
of o republican government contemplated Dy
the Federal Constitution. julius Cesar over
threw the liberties, of the. people of Rome IN
ancient times, eaaTn ana Louis Napoleon suppressed
those of France in modern times, while con-
forming in the Inosta explicit manner to the
forms Of the republic; but no pubhcists, econo:
mists, iurisssy ssyoshistorans have ever classified
these nations as republics, after the overthrow
of the rights of these people, because the forms
were. maintained. lanr1ot 8 ID. 10y,
= We are guaranteed By the fourth article Of
our National Constitution, q republican form OF
government. = This means the substance, not
the form only. 'Fhe form must be the emana-
sionssfrotai the substance, as the shadow
follows the, body The earnest and astute
body.eof statesmen who created 8 repnb-
lican rferm.ofo ogosernment, and who designed
that glorious, instrument for the security OF
themselves and stheir1g pesterlty, disregardea
forms. when they scounseled, o separation. from
the rnoshes Scohntry,.soh the ground thatotn
freemenasaxatioh without Representations was q
form without Substance, however much doc.
trsaa;yss oftttfat age might show the beauty of
the British Constitution, And when. we con-
template the tzation ao;tlsout representation was
thessole cause-os transportation from the crown
of fGreat Britain, are we not irresishbty Drought
to the conclusion that that right OF representa-
tion as condition precedent to taxation was
the very cornerstone of that republican edince
guaranteed to each State of the new confed-
crate, nation which Washington, jefferson,
Adams. and Rutledge intended tosecure. to us!
Suppose every State in the Union had such
form and practice of government as now ex-
lists in South Carolina, and the same principle
of action should extend itself las it surely
would to Che Federal Government: how long
would the Constitution continue to guarantee
q republican form to itself aBut we have the
testimony of the wise trainers and tcommenta-
tors on the Constitution itself on this subject.
Mr. Hamilton, in his No. 81 of the Fsderatist,
while defending thas Constitution, to insure its
adoption by the States, writes as. follows:
"It is of great imp ortance,in q republic not
only to guard society against the oppression OF
rulers, but to- guard one part OF the society
against the injustice oftheI Iother part suseses
Ss tie end OF Government; 1t IS the end OF civil
sued until it be obtained, or until liberty be
lost in the pursuity CIn q society 6uuder the
forms of which the stronger factions can read-
ly unite and oppress the weaker anarchy may
as truly be said to reign as in state OF nature
when the weaker. individual is not secured
against the violence of the strong. IA. /
Is not this the acknowledged condition of
South Carolina by the evidence adduced from
leading and official men who direct its affairs
.Ieasrson, in a. o letter to Madison, says 'The
executive power in our Government is not the
only perhaps not even the principal, object Of
my soficitude. The tyranny Of the legislature
isreally the danger most to be feared"
And, of course, tyrannical legislature ;, Is
one of the elements which the power OF the