, 1874-12-28
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"THE DESpQT QF T0-pAY,n

Under tho startling caption "Tho Despoe OF To-
Day." Old and Ne1u for January dovotoa several
paEeB to review Of the marrols OF te!egraphy,
and tho rapid improvement made in tho past 10"
years In tha art Of transmitting messages ovoa
tho wire; and al tho science hus now becomo ond
of tho eshontial elements Of our modern ciyiliza-
tion, It ia subject which must interoat evorY
man, woman, and Child 10 tho United Statos.
1t is we'll known tint many years ago Cor.
man savan discovered that two messages could
bo transmitted simultaneously over the sams
wire. It was 4 long tme before this wonderful
discovery WAS turned to practical account, buf
to an American, Mr. STEAnas, belongs tho croat
Of having overcome tho natural difficulties In
tho WY, and. both in this country and in Great
Britain, SrEAnSs' duplex instrument is In usc.
by which two messages may be sent In op'
poaito directions moro rapidly than ona
could bo transmitted aiugly. This was
grand discovery, and ono to Which tho public
not unnaturally looked as tile commencement OF
new ern. not in the scionce Of tolography alono.
but in that still moro complex science OF econ'
omy. In other words, tho long suffering public,
reasoning upon tho reduced cost Of trantmttine
messages, looked to q reduction in tho charges
Of tho telegraph companies. How they we're dis
appointed is matter Of history.
Still further experiments mado within the past
six months havo developed tho astounding fact
iu natural magic TINT four messages eau be sont
over single wiro a8 readily rs two, and TINT
through messages aud local oues can be sent
without interfering with one auother over the
sntae wire. White, for Instance, messages aro
being simultaneously exchanged betwoen Boston
aud New York, two moro can boaent on tho Same
wire between Boston and Worcester; two be-
tweon Worcester aud Springfield, and two be-
rEn11 mud Nav In ,r Nnu FnrR
mallug 10 all oiSht separate aud distinct ncs-
eages crossing and recrosBlnB on ono WlIo At tho
sanle moment Of time!
Tho roador la moro or lesa fnmilinr With tho
story Of teoayaphing music. This IL no mere
flight Of fauoY, but an actual faot. II tho waves
of sound proceeding from tho human voice, or
some wind or Rsrlnged iuAtrumont, Is maae to
gtsilo upon reBouGnt sursacs like the head OF q
! drum, the vibrations may DO nude to open aud
coao IN electric circuit. tho strings OF Ill tt1-
| atlurncut may DO nlado to perform tho
aamo seryieo. II tho impulscs are ro-
| ceirod upon tho strings OF another tnatru-
| mont IN harmony with tho first, tho notes
may bo transmitted. Tho noteA nny represent
tho lottcrs Of Tho alphabet, @nd each operator
| can ecnl throo tmos az many messages NJ hour
| as by tho ordinary MousE trauamtttor. Tho
working capacity Of the limo can thus DO euor"
,nousy 1noroasod without interruption. by
WuEarsToSE's automatic instrument, l0.0o0
| words IN hour have heon transmitted, or over
nix solid sniniou columns OF Ike CHICAGO T1lE-
uHE. Quo column Of THE TRIBUNE, or !, 600
words, has frequently boon sont batweon WASH
| ingtou and Nov York tn ono minute. TAia
soams almost 5abulouB but 1t Is fact Tor Ill
that.
In addition to this. messages from boston snd
/ at nt{nQ fn 4nn ne}H n ra