The New York herald., 1874-11-23
The Gear DOctoring Him
self.
WHAT ENGLAND PAYS FOR HER DUKES.
Italian, German, Spanish and Turkish
Movements.

PoIAl duu Tie spiritual power. Every mOutn some
passing phase OF the contest is mistaken Tor sign
that the one or the other will ultimately triumph.
Thus there are persons who consider that the
withdrawal by Great Britain from Rome OF the
Secretary OF Legation, hitherto informally accred
ftec TO the Pope, marks another epoch In the de-
cline oil the temporal power. More probably 1t IS
part or an obscure job perpetrated by The British
Foreign Secretary Mr. Jervolse's salary may
have been wanted for somebody else, or Mr.. Jer-
volse may have wished for change Of air. the
see OF st. Peter will survive the shock of his ab
sence. Lord Derby himself Is little more than
gnat on the wheel OF the political car. whicn Is
moved not by petty intrigues but by
THE FORCE OF PUBLIC OPINION.
Perhaps 1t Is rather on Germany, as the cham.
pion OF the civil authority than on Rome herself.
that mems eyes are lor the present fixed. In no
antecedent period OF history has there been
found the strange combination which the former
presents OF the highest culture and the most per-
lect military organization. 1t comprises the
wiuely diverse elements that contributed to the
greatness or Greece and Rome Other nations
have been at the same time famous in arms and
Ia arts. The France OF Condo and Turenne was
also the France OF Racine and Moliere. The Au-
GUSTAV age OF English literature derived an add.
tional splendor from the victory or Blenhem
and the capture OF Gibraltar. But Germany is
unrlvaed IN tnis-that with ner every citizen IS
educated and every citizen is a soldier. She can
not be SAID to possess great army she is her
self an army; and with her solderly culture Is at
least fashion and sentiment. It Is to them
what religion was to Cromwell's troopers, what q
mass OF crude ideas embodied IN the words
equality and liberty" were 10 the unconquerable
legions Of the HrsI French Republic.
WHAT GERMANY Is DOING,
is therefore, OF paramount Importance to man
kind. The speech IN which the Emperor William
mas just opened Parliament asks Tor incl eased
supplies for the army, announces tnat civil mar
riage will hereafter be compulsory throughout the
EMPIRE and promises a civil code, which, now.
ever. will! take some years to compile. German
law needs reforming; 1t has the unpardonable de-
feet OF being dear. The proceedings Instituted
against Count Arnm will cost the ex.Ampassador
at moderate computation, some $4,000; to say
nothing OF the loss OF interest on the large sum
he has had to deposit as security. Should the de-
cison or the courts go against MIN. 1t will be much
more. The law, too, in spite OF the noble tradi-
tons OF the Prussian tribunals, Is displaying
tendency to side with the strong against the
weak. Frederick the Great occasionally rectined
the decisions OF the courts and
KICKED THE SHINs or HIS JUDGES
to inspire them with little sense OF justice and
equity rs well as law. Doubtless William /. occa-
sIOnaDy signs for the loss OF the old patriarchai
privilege OF Gaming his SUBJECTS once hereditary IN
the house OF Hohenzoilern.
From Upper Siesla comes an item OF intelligence
which may, at first sight, seem oil little import
ance but is really the commencement or long
war OF which no one can foresee the end Sliesa is
sem-Posh--tnat is, Sclavonic-and the names Of
towns IN that provincs are often unpronounceabie
by Teutonic lips. decree has just gone forth that
some OF these names shall be rendered possible OF
nff hv tho
few consonants and otherwise iashloning the IN
IN accordance with German ideas OF symphony.
Thus
.'BRzEzEwKED
win figure hencefortn In the maps as "B rosinke,"
to the ooniort OF civilized beings, but to the deep
modification OF professors, who have written
long treatlses on ''the manlfeat destiny OF Pan.
slavlsm," and who will be as much shocked by
this rude obliteratlon or Q sclavonic name ~ ths
freeman Ia at the sight OF the appenattons
"Charlsmagne" or "Auglo.Saxon." One day
taese professors will infalby do for their country
what Nazzini and Arndt did for theirs. They WILL
set Russia on drs with The lover OF an idea which
nobody Will very clearly comprehend, but ior
which the most ignorant peasants viii be ready TO
lay down their lives. The house OF Romanor
will then have to decide whether IL will head the
popular movement or DO swept away By ".
The choice OF Victor Emmanuel or OF Fran.
cls H., OF Naples will be opan to the
successor OF Alexander II. Nor 10 there much
doubt as to the side on which he Will be found
with the history OF the last fifteen years before
him. Torrents or blood will then be shed and
millions OF treasures thrown away, oil to change
"Broslnke" back to "Brzezewke." For mankind
at large the inevitable struggle between Germany
aud Russia will mean little more than this, this and
panics on the STOCK Exchange. the crash Of old
established COmmercial of
respectable families and general augmentation
OF crime and misery. Perhaps also 1t Ill mean
INCREASED EMIGRATION TO THE STATES
as TO region where ldeOloGlsrs are comparatively
harmless. The cry vi "Nalions and Languages" Is
lkelyto turn Europe into neil on cart before long.
The pride OF race mas long since been condemned
by Chris tiahity and America may claim the merit
of having lmperllled her very eXisteLce to combat
Its pernicous Consequences For this is assuredly
the moral OF our great civil war anu OF the extnc-
ZION OI negro slavery. Never was the eternal les
son OF the equality OF an men by rignt divine
American people from 1851 to 1865.
THE POLITICAL CONDITION OF FRANcE
may still be summed up Ia the word .proyislonal.D
Nothing is settled. ana the chief occupation OF
Frcnchmen from the Count de Paris downward Is
TO make money and not to spend it, Commerce Is
nourlshing; tue imports ana exports during the
nrst nine months OF the present year exceed any
returns made under the Empire. II has more than
Onee been prophesled that England Will eventually
SINK INTO another Holland, lica and peaceluI, but
unieeded In the councils OF the world. 1t Is not
Impossible that such may be the late OF France,
little as her statesmen dream OF such consum-
NATION. The modern Frencnnan IS lat, sceptical
ana iona ol money; he VIII gradually become less
ana less Of solder, more anu more OF u trades.
man. The gain 10 the universe will be incaicu-
laDle; trench Wit and ingenuity, winch are iresh
as ever. being applied to the adorning and I'M
ufovement OF the p oducls of industry, VIII Iufnlsn
many happier trlumphs than those OF war. Of
ENGLAND
herself there is little to be said. Secretary Cross
has received deputatlon, headed by Lord Elcho
ana the Duke OF Westminster. VINO demanded u
bill for the better government or the metropolis.
Mr. Cross ana not Ia his reply point out where the
dinlculty lay; as the truth might have been dis
pleasing 10 Ills Grace. There are too many dukes
III possession OF London Large tracts OF priceless
land belong TO the Dukes OF Bedford, Portland anu
Northumberland. the Duke OF Westminster is
populary reported To draw an income OF $4,000 "A
day from his dominions IN the heart Of London.
These dukes reign over streets which offend eye
and nose alike; but as long as their rents are
punctually paid 1t matters little to the
dukes that they are breeding fever and