Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-01-16

Vah BiVW' luz iouuer VIII PaJ OAPOnso VI
cultivation. But good culture must be
practiced. Objects to pumpkins with corn
as reducing the corn and sapping the land
more than the pumpkins are worth.
Mr. T. G. KcltOn, of East Montpelier,
had raised annually from four to ten acres
of corn, and yet bought much Western corn
to feed. Plowed in stable manure and used
compost Of hen manure, plaster, etc., in
the hill. Planted on green sward. Usually
had good crops but could not give figures.
Thought an acre Of corn fodder equal to the
same breadth of grass to feed. Corn gives
him more feed according to cost than oats.
Professor Collier cautioned farmers against
mixing ashes or lime with compost con-
tanning hen manure, unless there is liberal
admixture Of earth, muck, or some other alb
sorbent, to catch the ammonia set free by
the alkali.
THURSDAY EVENING.
The meeting was opened by an address
from
j. 5. spnuIdIng, L. l.. d.,
of Barre, on "The Educated Laborer" This
was careful and thoughtful essay, full of
suggestive ideas. 1t was followed by an
interesting and lively discussion Of the sub
ject of popular education, which we heartily
wish our space would allow us to report.
FRIDAY MORNING,
The first paper this morning was brief
one by
DIR. Asa George,
of Calais, upon "Orcharding and Fruit
Growing" which we shall publish.
In reply to questions, DR.. George spoke Of
the Duchess of Oldenburg as the hardest
variets and one of the best. Thinks highly
of Northern Spy with good culture, but
bears late. Gets good trees from New York,
but the right varieties must be selected, and
they must be from reliable nursery. The
Baldwin is worthless in this climate and
Rhode Island Greening uncertain. Pre-
ters apple to crab roots for stocks. Thinks
stocks have decided influence upon the
scions, but cannot say as to the effect Of
crab stocks, because he has not had sufficient
experience. In planting an orchard prefers
good corn land in good order. Would set
five PAGES apart in row, and rows a rod and
half asunder Will not do well in grass
when young. Would not apply manure in
setting, but wants the land in good condition.
Prefers western cant for an orchard site
Favors branching at medium height, OBJ
jects to high branching. Thinks May prun-
ing kills trees. Unless for large branches
June is the best month for pruning. Pre-
fers to take of large limbs in November
Young trees are killed by washing with
strong lye. Soft.soap suds, quart of soar
to gallon of water, thickened with ashes
and little fine lime, makes the best wash.
The lime is added to prevent the rain wash
ing it off, and also prevents the sun hurting
the bark. Applies this wash in June
Lime, ashes and salt are good manures fol
apple trees. Salt must be used carefully, a
handful to a tree, scattered around. Does Mt
buy of tree agents, because he don't get the
variety he buys.
An address was then made by
Hon. T.. ID. Douglas,
of Whiting, upon "Dairying." As Mr..
Douglas will himself give our readers the
substance of this address in an article upon
the subject, We refrain from giving an alb
stract Of it, and will only state that the gist
of the argument was that the average yield
of Vermont butter dairies can be advanced
to 800 pounds per year to the COW, and the
quality so improved as to nearly double the
average price. Mr.. Douglas explained his
views as to how this end is to be reached.
FRIDAY AFTERNOON.
In reply to questions, Mr.. Douglas said he
had kept grade Durham stock and had been
prejudiced against Jerseys, but he found he
could not proftably continue that prejudice,
and for butter dairy he felt that it would be
an advantage to him to introduce Jersey blood
into his herd. He does not want to reduce
the temperature of milk below COS and
thought it might be allowed occasionally to
rise as high as 100. He thought it best not
to cool too rapidly, but allow time for the
animal odor to escape. White specks are
simply dried cream, and can be produced at
any time, or stopped, by allowing or prevent.
ing the cream to be exposed to any drying
influences, such as currents of air, especially
dry air. In setting in pals and watts it is
essential not to let the temperature of the
milk fall below 60e. If it does, the cream
will not all rise, and there will be loss
This is the cause Of some failures reported
in trying this system. He skins as soon as
acidity commences, usually about 4S hours
Has no covers on his pals. After careful
experiments he does not believe there is any
loss of butter by deep setting at any season,
and great gain in warm weather. BE
careful about thermometers, some are very
incorrect, and perhaps some experimenters
have failed of good results from this reason
Prefers carrots for cOlOring, when necessary
Has very simple machine for grating them
1t is for sale at dairy implement shops. He
now produces an average of 200 pounds pei
COW. Individual COWS will give $50 pounds
Believes by Jersey cross hO can bring the
product up to 800 pounds, and get better
price than at present, Is now averaging
about 3S to 80 cents. Has received a