Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1874-10-15
EDUCATIONAL COLUMN.
Edited and Conducted by
j. f. LANG ENBA Ugh.


u
tenn in this Territory. The only school
officers provided for by the Territorial
laws are County Superiniendents and dis
trict school directors The schools are
maintained, first, by proceeds of lease of
school lands; second, hy:' levy of tax of
three mills on all taxable property in the
several counties and thild, fines imposed
for the iDfraction of laws. Congress do
mated two townships of the public lands
for the erection and maintenance Of
Territorial University. The University
lands have been principally sold and the
buildings erected at or near Seattle on
Puget sound, and the institution is in q
prosperous condition. The Federal Gov
ernment sustains schools in the Indian
reservations, of which there are 15 in the
Territory.
ALASEA.
The actually civilized population of
Alaska is about 2.0Ce, the total popula
ton being ABOUT $4,000 The first school
sian naval officer, to teach the natives 10
read. The traders were the teachers In
1Sil an ecclesiastical school was opened
ut Sitka, and in 1916 it was raised to the
rank of seminary In 1859 a colonial
sc.'ool was opened. IN 1862 It contained
81 pIl lis, only one of whom was na-
- H.. Il
5000 4 girls school was established
in 1899, tor children of servants of the
Russian Fur Company and for orphans.
In 1882 it had % pupils. The instruction
was principally in sewing, and other
housework. At the present time no in
formation in regard to any schools in this
lar Off Territory has been. received, and it
is not known that any now exist within
the Russian purchase.
INDIAN TERRITORY.
In this Territory are resident five na-
tions, all Of them formerly resident In the
Southern States These nations are the
/ CherOkees. Creeks, ChOciaws, Cnicka-
Saws, and Seminolcs; in all 4J,ic0 This
number includes several thousand ne
groes. who are citizens. Each nation pro-
videsby law for the establishment of dis
,rct schools. as well as Others of higher
character. Their. is Il Superintendent Of
Schools elected or appointed i'll each na-
ton, whicn is divided into districts, hav
! ing School Boards IN charge of the build.
ings and schools thereof In 1863 there
were among the Cherokees % schools in
operation within nine districts. Thirty
two teachers were employed, ut an aver
age salary OF $40 "a month. The total
monthly payments for teachers at that
time WAS $3.50. Takin, ten months as
the school year, the cost of teachers alone
would be l2.So0. Their teachers are near
ly all Cherokees, the females being
csliefly graduates of their national acade-
my. The Cherokees have large educa-
tional aud orphan trust funds in the
hancs of the General Government, the
annual interest on which is over $4,000
The Nation has one Superintendent he
is elected by the people for four years.
Teachers are examined by board of
three, which gives certificates of two
grades-irsf grade for one year, and the
second for five months. The teachers are
employed by the Superintendent. School
age from 10 Is years. School day six
hours. School month, % days. The an
nual school fund is the interest on $596,
140 A Teachers Institute is held once
a year, at which all the teachers of the
Nation are required to be present.
The Superintendent of the Choctaws
reports the total number of schools in
the three districts at 60.
3 The Seminoles had in 1871 four schools
: in operation; one is under the charge Of
the Presbyterian Board.
Among The Creeks, about one half are
said TO read their own language, and
many write it. There are about twenty
schools in this Nation.
The Chickasaws are less favored, as ne
definite information can be gained. They
. with the Northwestern Indians, in Wis
: consin, Michigan, and the Lake regions
j generally have some provision for educa
: tion, but their progress seems to be les
than that of those above mentioned. Tn,
: Indians, considered as race, take t.
J, book culture very much as they do t
manual labor-without enthusiasm.
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS.
:, "A complete flower is one which ha
u ell the four parts, viz: calyx, corolla, sta
mems, and pistiIs. A complete flower /
of course perfect one; but many flow
ers are perfect and not complete. A per
perfect flower is one which has both sta
mems and pistils. An incomplete fowe
is one which wants at least one of tn
four kinds of organs.
le "A neutral flo ower has neither stamen
9. nor pistils. and is consequently good fc
!. ; nothing except for show.
r The duration of plants of differer
kinds varies greatly. Some live only fc
!. few months, or few weeks; others ft