New-York tribune., 1874-10-24
TRADE CRANNELS AND CIVILIZATION.

LECTURE BY PRESIDENT ANDERsoN-THE PROBLEMS
PRESENTED BY MODERN MEANS OF TRANsPOR-
TATlON.
The first lecture of the Members Course of
the Young Mems CnrstiOn Association was delivered In
Association Hall last evening by the Rev Dr. NJ. b.
Anderson President OF Rochester University. The
audience was considerable in numbers and earnest IN
attention and applause The lecturer was introduced
nv the Hon. W E. Dodge. His subject was Transporta
,on mr. Channels of Trade" He considered the growth
of civilization as dependent upon facilities for trans
narration and traced the establishment OF ceners OF
trade from the time OF the Phencians considering the
commercial development OF the peoples ABOUT the
Mediterranean he reviewed the history OF Phe-
nirian commerce, and the rise OF Carthage whose
neope he thought had been treated unlusty III that
thew were always looked at only through Roman eyes.
1ba Carthasenians we're probably better people in
many res esnects than the Romans. Rome was center
NJ robbery rather than center OF trade she regarded
mercantile pursuits serve, ana ala the commerce ol
the world under contribution Inc commefcaI POSITION
of Athens Corintb the PhOceon Islands ana Marsees
were referred TO- and the lecturer then TOOK up 'e
Growth OF the trade the Italian cities Ia the time OF
the Crusades The spirit OF the Crusaders, be said had
- A. a MANIA but there vital thought
,ar,, II united broken and disorganized Europe
o,nst Islarp and determined that European civinza
ron should be Christian and not Mohsmmedan' venice
and Genoa got largest share oil the great tue "ncn
the Crusades caused, Venice eontro!hg tnal Vi 'he
south Ieyant and the overland trade OF india "nIe
snoa secured that the North Levant ana the BLACK
Goa The Portuguese trade with India. by way OF the
Cane Of Good Hope, broke the commerciai -upremacy
~ Venice in the East. and when fortusaI
..od into the hands OF Spain, the Dutch suppianted
,n Portuguese in the East and Amsterdam became the
banking and money center OF Europe Inc Iusii'n anu
F-ench tried 10 Oust the Dutch and oy the genius VI
Lord Give and other English statesmen hns'anu op
a,ned such position in India a. 10 san Eastern co
nerce and London succeeded TO the place OF Amster
dam The lecturer afterward considered 'ne
0 the Baltic the growth OF the Hanseatc League ana
h efforts OF the Hanse towns against pirates
- IN. .sa and the feudal barOns on the land' whose
- ..s,le vas a sort Of custom house where duties
.ra Isved on all passing goods Ihe Deglnnlns vi 'uo
modern State system IN Europe ana 'ne fe'u''' W ~
nsrce OF the discovery OF America were Sunneu up
m the lecturer then took up the subject OF anu
rairoads China had large anu very 4"Po''a"' Sy'
- a, canals az An early day. but there were no LOCKS
-. .sa hoats were drawn up inclined planes 10
a n,,ar leveIs Locks we're first used ID
-, I,oir IN the fifteenth century ana were
- ,mnroved by Leonardo da 'inci' Aiter
re,e,r,nr 70 the origin OF the Er'e O"na'' ~
.on smoke emphatically OF its Inpo,'an'o ~ -
vo,s II has created the City OF new iorA anu Siy
raised the value OF every ia anv cann in Christen
- & srrying as great weight ana vaue OF sooas a.
tne ,ss ,nan the Mediteranean Tne progress made
~ naygation by improvements IN snip ., 10 snS
revoiMuoin M inorsnce OF railroads. was Illustrated Their
agency in the rapid tranportauou "a iv,aIion With
o M eq rs IN goods and men, put the tei-
egraph had distanced raiirOaus ~ - - sransnorta
railways had distaneed previous "''"
The lecturer then spoke OF the importance 70 Msw
ionA " ..as, rs.anrces OF West are developed
IL n oaShl " have sucR water ooIamunieauon ~uh