, 1874-12-08

cteaao i';a,e .ne hun'',oE OK ARTICLES upon
which enter INTO MIR .lnnnfacturoy, and nro moi
rrotMcad at homo, 1t aoomH to mo should DO en-
tered froo. Thoae articen of manufacture whicl,
we produoo constituent part Of, bit do not pro-
| duco should enter FREQ also. will instance INA
| wool. dyoa, atc. ,H1oao atttoes must be inport-
Cd to form part Of tho manufacture Of tie
higher gradcb Of woolen Bootla. Chonicats 1lsoa
~ dyos, ootnnouutlod IN naascinos, u..d used in
sarioun ways IN manufactures, como untlor tbia
oIaas. Tho introduction, FREQ OF luoa, Of sucl1
woola az no do not produce, should
neipu1ato f .t,, tho manufacture Of gooaa roau!r.
produce, a,ld therefore would 10 beneit ia
homo-prolllotton. Tlloro aro unny articles On.
tering Into homo-manufacturca which wo do mol
psoauce ourselves, tho tariff upon which IN.
article. All coyzcet,ons In ths reenrl ayo In tht
direction of arinElng labor and capital in llar-
m1ony with enoh other. and Of supplying ono Of
tho oo1ncntu property no much noodo1.
THE ARMY.
Tho report Of tho Secretary Of War, herewith
attnche1, and forming pnYt Of this message,
! giyca I'll tie information concerning tho opor-
atione, wants. and necessities Of tho army, and
contains many suggestions aud recommends
tiohe which commend to yollr special attention.
Thara is no clasa Of Government employees wl,o
arc harder-workoa than tho army ot!icore mud
| m1n,-nono who perform their tsgka more cheer.
gsontes pssatsons ard hastlships. Legislation ia
ttoa'rapio t'rendcr more oIic'cnt this brauch Of
CIT s:.:s;.;; ct s4 &
mend men to tsen your ntEo," 'sessay com: com:
eoliastion OF uorernne,.. "f1f.. s4to1a.
s' s1snpsB s ssss e Pssss @sssS Ss tsssvee ss;
OF bubsisteuro stores, from being core.Gd into
tha Treasury; tie uao Of appropriations 70.
the, purehnao. Of subsistence Btorcs, with:
Wang for g ol the the OF iao \ a5 as
1of eoultional appropriations for tho collection
ct torrodo-lnatcrial; for increased appropria.
tiona for tue manufacture Of arms; for relieving
| charged to thon during tho Rebellion; for drop.
plug officers from tho rolls OF tho army, without
trial, for tho oGonao OF drawing pay mora tllau
once for tho aarno period; for tho discourage.
| for tho establishment Of profeasorahip of
Rhetoric md English Literature at West Point.
| Tho reasons for tho recommendations are Oh.
rious aud are sot forth sufficiently in the report
| attached.
THE sYArF coNfs.
nlao recommend That tho atatug Of tile Stafl
Corps Of the army be fixed, where t!,aa has NOT
! airoauy heon doue, 50 that promotions may ba
made, nnd yacancioa tile1 as thoy occur in eacla
grade, Wien reduced below the number to ba
fixed by law. Tic necessity for snch legislation
| is speciay felt nov in tho Pay Dopartmeut,-
tho number Of sacancies It, that Department
| being below tho number adequate to tina per-
for,nanco Of tho duties required Of them by law.
I THE NAVY.
The efficiency of tho nnvy Inns been in.
| creased turing tho last year, under tho im.
pulse Of the foreign complications Which
tAreatcned uk Mt the commencement OF tho iast
session Of Congress. Most Of our efficient
| wooden ships wero nit in condition for imuledi.
alto acrviee and tho ropnirs Of our iron-clad lcet
| ware pushed with tho utmost vigor. Tho roault
in, TINT most Of these aro in m effective copdi-
| tion. and need only to bo manned and set in
t conmieson to go at onco into service. Some ot
tho new eloopa authorized by Congress aro al
ready iu comnlssicn, most Of tho resaaindcr ora
aan'hea , and %st only tho nn.e e0Mpe tsa
effective torce. Two iron torpeao-slAipa l,a7t
boon completed during tho last gear. aud four Of
| undergoing repairs. When these are finished,
| everything that ia necdtul of our navy an nov
authorized will be in condition for service; and,
| with tho advance III The science Of torpodo-Tar-
1t IL, will bo found at any time powerful for the
PURPOSES of a peaceful nation.
/ HClENcE.
| Much has also bceu accomplished, during the
year, in MD OF science, and to increase tho SIM
OF general knowledge, and further tho i1ltGresta
| Of commerce and civilization. Extensive and
mucA-nooied anundlngs hayo boon malo for
photographic purposes, mud to fix tue proper
routes Of oceantelog1aphs. Further suryoys OF
the Darien Iathmua haye hoen undertaken and
| completed; nud two Vessels Of tho navy arc now
| employed. in conjunction With tAoso Of England,
France: GeFmIsny, and Russie in obsorsatona
| interesting TO tho scientific world.
! NAVAL EsrIatA ArEs.
| The osttmatcB for this branch Of tho public
service do not differ maternity from thoso Of
last yoar, tho general support Of the service
being soulewhat less, and those for inproyo-
onte at tho various atasiona ratl.ar larger than
the corresponding estimate mndo year ugo.
| Tho regular mantonanco, nnh stoady incroase
in tho efficiency. Of this most important arm, III
proportion TO tho growth Of o,lr maritime inter-
course and interesta. arc recommended to tho at-
! tion Of Congross.
| NAVAL EXPLORATIONS.
The uso ot tho navy during peace might be
employment Of naval vasscls in surveys Of tic
supposed nayiEapie waters Of ether nationa!isiea
on tlis continent, t,-ospocaly tho tributaries Of
tho two great riYers Of South A.nesiea tie
under existing LAWS. such exploration. except TINT
expenditures must be made i'll such oxpaditonp
beyond those usually provided for in tile hppIo-
prlations. The field designated ia 1lnquestionably
opmsnt of commercial intercets, advantageous
to the people reacied, md to those who may
establish rotations with them. !
THE PoST-oFFIcE.
| Education Of tho people entitled to exercise
the right Of franchise, regard essential to gen-
| eral prosperity everywhere, and especially 30 in
Republics, wllcta both education and PREVIOUS
condition do not enter into account in giving
suffrage, NoSt to tho Public School, tho Post
Office ia tho great agent ct education
over our vast territory. Tho rapidity
with Which NOW sections arc being sottlod-thus
! lnpreasins the carrying oY tho mails i'll q moro
,upid ratio than the increase Of rccspts-is not
alarming, Tha report of tho poatsuastor- Gamer
al, herewith attached. shows that thero was au
increase Of revenuo in this Departments. in 1878.
over the previous year, Of 5l,674.41l, md an
increase OF cost, Ut carrying the naaila and pay
Ing employees, Of ESQ !, ,467.01. Tho report OF
tue Posttnuater- -Geaoral gives interesting atatis~
tics Of his Department. compared with the cor
responding statistics Of year ngo, showing n
| growth III every branch Of Tho Department.,
| pO5VAL CONVENTIONS.
4 Postal Convention has been concluded With
| New south Wales; al exchange OF postal cards
! established with Sutherland; AMI negotiations
| pending for several years past with Franco hayo
| tovtntnated III 4 convention with thas country,
| which 4;ent into o1Iect last August
| INTERNATIONAL POSTAL coSfNEe6.
| An International pohtal Congress- Tas con.
vened III Derne, Switzerland, in September
lust, ct which tho United Statea was represented
| by Ru bfic0r OF tho Fost-Oil!co Dopart~
! mont, at mitch experience aud qualltica-