davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27

next season /; the stand looks well now for
good crop then. The half-soiing system
here practiced makes large piles of manure,
and that in turn makes good crops Of wheat,
oats, corn, clover, and roots these, with the
exception Of the wheat, are all fed to the
COWS, SO that the produce Of the farm may
be said to be wheat, which is mostly sold
for seed at an extra prics, and cheese, which
also brings a good price this year.
The farm is small one, carrying 20
COWS as now managed. When the present
owner FIRST took il in hand few years since
only II could be kept on the same in the
common way Of pasturing the cows, night
and day during the summer in the fields
without any other green feed as now grown
and fed thereon. The root crop is consider
cd the best crop grown on the farm for the
use of tho cows how lew farmers raise any
II farmers would raise more roots, especially
those engaged in dairying, aud have cellars
to their barns convenient for storing and
feeding, there is no doubt that a much great
er income might be realized on most farms
by Chat branch Of farming. There are n
few such farmers that have begun in small
way, and your correspondent is one Of them.
Last year the crop was near 500 bushels (;
this year il will be near 1000 aud with but.
ter at 40c. or over, it will pay the dairy
men to feed their cows pretty literally, and
to house them from the cold storms in the
fall earlier than many now do.-JOnathan
Talcou an Boston CultiUator.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
SCURFY LEGS IN FOWLS.

A correspondent of the Field writes !:
"One Of my hens, an old golden-spangled
Hamburg, is much dis6gured by pxcresoen-
cos on the legs and feet; she looks as if she
had been treading in dough, and as if the
dough had hardened examined her mi
nutely to-day, and rubbed off some of the
scurfy matter. 1t was removed without
much difficulty, but the part beneath was
quite raw. Curiously enough, what look
like small toes are growing on her feet, and
quite a long spur has been developed at the
back of one leg. Another hen, young sill,
vcr-spangled, shows symptoms of the same
disease, and her spurs have grown consider
ably. The hens show no signs Of uneasi-
ness. Several Of my pigeons have died late
ly. They nope, gradually grow weaker and
weaker, and at last are quite unable to fly.
They liuger, some for three days, some lon
ger; but none have yet recovered. | can
not account for the mortality among them.
Perhaps you will enlighten me with respect
to both fowls aud pigeons, and suggest some
remedy" To which the editor replies
"The scurfy matter on the legs of the hen is
very common in Cochins and Brahmas. 1t
has been examined microscopically with
great care by DR.. Moxcn and Mr.. Teget-
meier, and it has been ascertalned that it
depends on the presence of a minute acarus
allied to the itch insect in the human sub.
ject. The remedy is to soak the legs in
warm water, so as to remove the scurf with
out injury, and then to apply sulphur oint-
ment, or the ointment of green iodde of mer-
curry may be used, as it is very destructive
to acari, aud is specific in mango in dogs.
With regard to the pigeons, they are prob
ably bred from weakly parents, or arc too
closely interbred."
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
LIME FOR APPLE TREES.

A successful pomologist of New Jersey
writes the New York Herald that he once
noticed that tree standing in the immedi-
ate vicinity of his dwelling had all at once
put forth with renewed energy, and he was
at loss for some time to define the cause.
On examination he found that a quantity of
lime, which had accidentally been spilled
and rendered worthless by becoming mixed
with the refuse, on the stable floor, had been
thrown at the foot of and around the tree,
and to this, as the principal cause, he imme-
diately accredited the revival and re-
newed fructi6cation of the tree. Taking the
hint from the incident, he purchased twelve
casks of lime and applied half a bushel to
each of the trees in his orchard, and found
that it produced immediate beneficial effects
Not the health of the tree only but the quail
ity Of the fruit also was greatly improved
The Herald adds that it has known some
farmers to make it a regular practice for
succession of years to throw caustic lime
around their apple trees in the spring and
summer.
In our own, on the farm, we found that
leaohed ashes worked about the same result
as given twice above. A pear tree close by
leach grew twice as rapidly as one a few
rods awuy.-Ohi0 Farmer.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27

familiar with them as not to be frightened
at them.
So long as our government takes its own
notes in payment of all dues it is clear they
never can become worthless, and as long as
they are so scarce as to command eight per
cent interest in New England, and twelve Or
fifteen per cent at the West, it Is equally
clear that few more Of them might be is.
sued without injuring the farmers. s. f.
Lyme, N. II.
["When the farmers come to see that
whatever is most convenient az a medium Of
exchange is the best money we shall hear no
more Of the specie payment policy" We
should like to ask IS. f." why paper mon.
ey is moro convenient as a medium OF ex-
change than specie, and then we would know
if every advantage in favor Of paper would
not apply equally to as many pieces Of old
newspaper cut in the same size and shape,
ercept that the bank bills or greenbacks are
secured by promise to pay gold for them.
He recommends paper as better than specie
for money because lsss labor is required to
prepare it. BY the same rule the pieces of
newspaper would be better than bills, for it
costs less labor to produce them. If our
irredeemable paper is just as good as a med
ium of exchange as it would be it exchange
BILE at will for gold, what benefactors of the
farmers and laboring men are the counterfeit
ers who put forth millions of dollars of pa
per money which, until detected, is just AS
good as greenbacks, answering the purposes
Of money By-and-by, when the common
people get those sound Financial ideas" held
by as. F." instead Of sending men to state
pr ison for initiating the currency by manu-
featuring few greenbacks, they will reward
these gentlemen as public beuefactors, for
having saved the national government the
expense of so much printing. "S f." says
the Continental money became worthless be-
cause there was no government to redeem
them. Our currency is not worthless, be-
cause government is going to redeem it, and
it is only deprecated now because govern
ment is not yet prepared to do so. The bet
ter the prospect of speedy return to specie
payments, the more our paper is worth
among the nations of the earth, and when it
looks as though the return to specie basis
was farther in the distance, green
backs deprecate accordingly. Let it be
known that our government never intended
to redeem its greenbacks and they would
stand just about 100 per cent below par
Ed. FARMER.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
RAISING GRADES FOR BEEF.

aim to raise and sell for beef about 20
calves per year, and until lately the most
Of them have been grades. | usually cas-
trate all my grade bulls, and sell my thor.
oughbreds, while young, at from 500 to
$50. Aud if l fail to make a sale of a
thoroughbred bull before he is two years
old, make steer of him. And l can
make more out of my steers, than in raising
bulls for sale at two years old at these pri-
ces, as | shall proceed to show
One spring | sold lot of yearlings at
S52 head, they averaged about Ii months.
l feed my calves nearly all they will eat un-
til six months old /; through the winter,
about half as much grain, and sometimes
much less, with plenty Of hay.
Last fall | sold my steers at 30 months
old, for 5Ic pound. They weighed over
1900 pounds each They had not been fed
any grain the summer after they were a year
old, and scarcely any during the winter un.
til April 10, when l fed all they would eat
OF 25 to 28c corn.
Last spring | sold my steers at an aver
age age of two years and six days. They
were fed nearly all they would eat, except
the first winter, and brought me over $S5
per head.
Now it costs twice as much to keep bull
two years as it does to keep a steer and un-
less | can sell my bulls young, find l had
better make steers of them.
am as ready as any man TO benefit my
neighbors but when they accuse me of av-
arice for asking 500 to $3.50 for bull,
confess my philanthropy evaporates, and |
60 tor beef to feed the world, even if do
have to compete with 20 Texans. l can
compete with them successfully with Short
hOrns.-HliaOis Cor. Caltirator.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
For the VERMONT FARMER.
LOST NATION WHEAT.

Some more definite and perhaps repeated
statements regarding this new variety of
wheat which is attracting so much attention
seem to be called for. am not engaged in
its cultivation, have none to SELL nor any
trade to advertise, and if what have to
say reaches the farmers the printer must
work as cheaply as do With the printers
help l will make the most careful state
ments. All that l shall do as "middleman"
will be merely to send the seed it people
want it, SO entirely without profit to me or
my friends that don't care straw wheth-
er they send for it or not.
The wheat can now be had at its value
for family use in Hour-$2 per bushel, so l
am told, and it were near Houlton depot
and acquainted with the farmers l could
perhaps get it delivered at the depot for
that If send it from here go miles it
will cost 80 cents per bushel, then 80 more
to Boston, besides the new bags. My ad-
vice is that persons had better send for sam.
pies by mail for inspection. sent last
spring packages to Mr.. Pringle, of Char
lotte, Mr.. Foster, of Cabot, and DR.. Hos
kins.
have not yet fallen upon reliable reports
Of its largest yield, but farmers say l am
safe in calling it 80 bushels to the acre, and
also that there are as frequent cases Of 40
bushels to the acre as there ever were Of 30
bushels of any other kind. AT the same
time it needs to be said that on poor land it
might not equal another kind, and il also
shows strange dislike to new burnt land.
On new cleared burnt land where all our
other kinds do the best this grows straw aud
does not gil we'll. Then on rich plowed
land where other varieties rust and lodge
down this does its best. There are other
pecularities. 1t will not stool out much,
and it is loss to spread scanty seed over
too much space.
1t will not bear late sowing as well as
other kinds, and l will also add my suspi-
cion that it is apt to be thrashed and even
sold in damp, swollen state when the
rounding "machine measure" will not make
up for the shrinkage.
l can get no clear account of its origin.
Its similarity to winter wheat leads some
to suspect that it is winter wheat changed.
All candid farmers agree to my statements
Of facts, yet all do not prefer it, though
more is raised and will continue to be
raised of this than all other varieties.
As to its quality for -four | find opposing
opinions, yet all agree to its full weight and
according to all facts yet coming to our no.
tice in many locations it is far better than
oats to raise for feed.
One thing more; An early frost in Au-
gust is said to have injured some for bread
and of course would injure it for seed and
may possibly enhance the price of reliable
seed to send away.
NJ. II. KEEP.
| Ii a
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27

covers the bitches, the semi liquid manure Of
these animals is boated along the sluggish
streams aud spread over the surface of these
heaps and the whole is Immediately turned
over and mixed with the fork and made up
in the form of triangular prism. This
brings tue bulk Of the COW manure into the
center Of the heap. After time these
heaps are again turned until the whole mass
becomes light and mealy, a splendid COM
post, which in January or February is even
ly spread over the surface of the pastures,
or if the weather does not admit of it then,
it lies over till spring This takes place on
the small bitches running through every
farm.
But the mud dug out Of tho larger canals
and The numerous branches Of the Rhine, is
piled in heaps and left exposed to the air
much longer, often two or three years, when
1t is mixed with the semi liquid manure.
OF course the manurial value Of the mud Of
the bitches, canals and rivers, differs consid-
erably according to the location. That TAX
en- out near large towns and villages which
receives large accessions from the waste Of
houses is much richer than that further
away. When the compost is complete it
consists Of about two parts of manure with
out straw to three or four parts of mud
Massachusetts Ptougbman.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
BONE AS A MANURE.

The bones of all animal creation are COM
posed Of three substances-phosphoric acid,
lime and gelatine or glue, three Of the best
tertiizing substances to produce good seed.
But where do the bones OF animals come
from I Certainly from the soil, through the
grass, hay, grain, ETC., consumed as food.
Therefore, every horse, bullock, COW, sheep
and hog sent off the farm without returning
a like quantity of bone to tho earth, causes
our land to yield less and less every year,
till the land becomes what is termed worn
out. Besides, every load of hay aud every
bushel of grain sold off the farm carries
away the same material, as 1t is the hay and
grain that makes the bones of our cattle,
horses, etc. Five per cent of all plants are
composed Of ten mineral substances of which
bone forms large part, and which comes
directly from the earth, while the fat of the
animals is composed Of carbon, oxygen, and
hydrogen, three of the gases that plants take
exclusively from the air, in the forms Of
carbonic acid and water, and which consti-
tute about ninety-four per cent of all plants.
-LOuisvale COurier-JOurnal.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
RECIPES.

To Roast GOOse.--A young goose Of
the first year is to be preferred Make the
stuffing Of stale bread crumbs, with green
sage chopped fine, mashed potatoes, onions,
if liked, pepper, salt, bit of butter, the
yolk of one Or two eggs, very little cay
enne mix these well together aud stuff the
goose leaving room to swell. The fire must
be sufficiently strong. Baste it with salt
and water at first, then with its own drip
pings. 1t will take three hours to roast it
thoroughly
To Roast Duck.-Ducks are not usual
ly stuffed for roasting but every one will
follow their own taste. Ducks may be
roasted as soon as killed, or before they have
been hung up any considerable length Of
time. Keep up strong fire. Let them be
done to light brown but if wild they
should not be roasted long, or their favor
will be spoiled. They take about an hour
to roast and should be well basted. The
livers and gizards are parboiled, chopped
fine, aud thrown into the gravy. Serve ap.
pie sauce with them.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
Pem-SpGIterS.

An era unknown TO women-the miauie
ages.
Where to go when short OF money-go 10
work.
The earliest participants in the fall trade
Adam and Eve.
Speaking OF the nations Wards, ArtemAs
was one of them.
In Texas they have nominated for Con-
eress a man named Pleasant Yell IL
elected, he will probably be heard irom lhe
House.
Ifa man really wants to find out what's IN
him let him go to sea. The hrst rough
weather will generally enable him to SScer-
tain it.
A traveller in Vermont, stopping at holei
recently, ordered supper. The meal was
very inferior one, and at its conclusion,
which was soon reached, he stepped up to
settle for it. "Well," said Aldrich, with
alacriiy, ~ hope you had good supper, "
Eyes" replied nc, musingly, 1.-THE supper
averaged iirst-ratei the butter was strong
and the tea was weak.-R0,CelPs Reporter.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
For the VERMONT FARMER.
PAPER MONEY.
NJ. II. KEEP
Dalton, Aroostook Co., Ne.

Money is used advantageously to the
working classes only when it is used as
medium Of exchange. 1t would seem, there
fore, that the kind of money most convenient
for this purpose would be most valuable.
But as labor is the foundation of all values,
and as mining the precious metals and REIN
ing them costs more labor than paper mon
ey, they are and always will be more valua-
Bile. But Notwithstanding the greater value
of coin, paper is SO much moro convenient
that it is the common medium of exchange
in most civilized countries. 1t is difficult to
see why we need two kinds of currency. If
paper answers oil the purposes Of exchange,
who do we need silver or gold
If it is important to prevent too great
amount of money, why not make it all gold
to the exclusion of silver? If money, as
some contend, is not real money unless it has
value in itself, why not take the most
valuable metal and thus make sure of the
greatest inherent value
Suppose Congress were to enact that gold
coin only should be received as money, it
would be utter ruin to the farmers who
have, in one way or another, all the public
debts to pay but it would be perfectly con-
sistent with the arguments of "specie pay
ment" demagogues. When the farmers
| 10 tnakx ybaNa 10 nj
as medium Of exchange is the best money,
we shall hear no more Of the "specie pay
ment" policy. The New York Tribune
gave expression to most lamentable truth
when it said, "Nine people out of ten have
no financial ideas whatever" and it hopes
that this utter ignorance on the subject,
among the masses, will enable the cunning
leaders Of the rising democracy to put down
what it terms "the heresies" of the "In-
diana" democracy.
But this is depression. Ii paper is not
practically the best money, why has it OBJ.
tanned such universal use and popularity ?
The merchant uses paper as a medium ofex
change for the same reason that he uses
wood for a yard.stick because they are
cheaper and more convenient than gold.
am aware that 10 making plea for pa
per money run the risk of being met by a
set of old foges who, as the Tribune says,
never had ga financial idea in their heads
with the old bugbears, Sentimental Mon
ey," and "FrOnch Assignats. | want to
ask these timid souls, who issued these bills
The first was created by confederation ot
American colonies OF course when the
confederation was dissolved there was nc
government to redeem them. The assig
mats were issued by revolutionary govern
ment, and when this government was super
seeded by another its paper money went Ou
with it, as was the case with the paper mon
ey of our Southern confederacy. 1t is tim'
that these old scarecrows were taken dOwI
in the political field, or that the simpletoni
who shave no financial ideas" were made SC
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
GOD BLESS THE FARM.

God bless the farm-the dear old Farm!
God bless 1t every rod
whore willing heart asd sturdy arm
Can earn an honest livelihood
Can from the coarse and fertile soil
Win back reco mpense for toll!
God bless each meadow, field aud nook
Begemmed with fairest flowers
And every leaf that's gently shook
By evening breeze or morning showers
God bless them all each leafs gem
In natures gorgeous diadem'
The orchards that in early spring
Blush rich with fragrant flowers
And with each autumn surely bring
Their wealth of fruit in golden showers
Like pomegranates on Aaron's rod
A miracle from Natures God.
And NAV lie bless the farmers home
Where peace and plenty reign'
No happier spot meath heavens high d ONE
Doth this broad, beauteous world contaih'
Than where secure from care and strife
The farmer leads peaceful life.
Unvexed by toll and stftSes of gain,
He turns the fertile mold,
Then seatters On the golden grain,
And reaps reward a hundred fold!
Ue dUells where grace and beauty charm,
For God has blessed his home and FARM
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27

Deacon Gaudam ilourishes in Lock Haven,
N. Y. When the minister wishes colec-
tion taken up for the little heather on 'In-
dia's coral strand, and says, deacon Gau-
dam' you pass the hat, he has to be careful
where he puts his commas.
"See that field of waving wheat, nurturod
by the sweat Of the honest farmers brow"
said n prominent Wisconsin man in speech
at Richland lately. "Oh, cork up, old ver-
mifugew sang out granger hearer, "thats
an Usage orange hedgew
"Mamma, where do the COWS get the
milkPn asked Willie, looking up from the
foaming pan of milk which he had been in
tently regarding. "Where do you get your
tears P" was the answer. After thoughtful
silence, he again broke out; Mamma, do
cows have to be spankedsn
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
PREss-ROOM BILL.

ad at the annual dinner of the Boston Press club
the Revere House, Nov. 7, le'i')
Bill was the cuss;
Slept all night on pile Of stock
Hard as a rock.
But What'd he care he'd no frierds
That would make muss
Ifhe slept in the streets.
SO he sends
For pot of beer, and bite to eat
In the press-roon,
Where with ies' room
To stretch out straight,
He'd wait
Till the boys got round in the upper regions :
And by legions
lie fed the sheet to the hungry maw''
And iron jaws
OF the press.
You can guess
How he loved the machine and his work.
lie shirk'
When he gave his word
That settled 1t sure. Whatever 1t was
You could be poz
That he'd do as he said, ifit took leg.
Not n peg
Would he move, whatever he saw or hearu'
10 OItah u ptohi'eN
Was farthest from his
Thoughts of what was the duty OF man,
And where the law of right began.
One night the boss
CMember of Congress now, they say
Came down stairs,
Putting on airs
(IIis usual way).
Pretty soon he came across
Bill, who was putting the forms In places
"Bfl," says he,
.I want a copy brought up to me
At four O'Clock in any easei
For leave at Eve
By an early train,
SO look alive;
Or,,-here his language became profane-
you'll do 1t, Bill
Says Bill, 81 will"
That night at just about halfpast one,
The bells begun
The awful clangor that tells Of ire
Twas our old place
That was being burnt.
When Bill learnt
The fact, by his linen coat tails blaze,
The room was getting about red hot.
There was just one spot
That the fire had managed so far, to spare,
And the press stood there.
Bill wasn't crier,
And when he saw
There was no use trying to save thing
Out of the fiery dragons NAV,
lie gave one spring
For the stock there wasn't an atom let'
Bill says the heit
OF his heart, when he found there wasn't one
Identical sheet that he could use,
Was more'n n ton.
In his two hours snooze,
lie hadn't taken his garments of.
They came of now;
That is he stripped, as If fora row,
Down TO the buff
Let us draw veil,i
And end the tale
With a scene tina morning sharp at iour'
Bill knocked at tho door
OF the boss's house, and out he came,
Not knowing the place was all afamoi
"Got tho paper I" Says Bill you're right
The d-d old office burnt down tonight
There wasn't no ono hurt,
And got you copy" Here he gave
The boss, who was just beginning TO rave
An impression struck Of on his shirt
p. s,-,Twas Bills shirt, not the bosss.
Itellyou Bill was one of the hosses'
Nov. q, 1874.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27
VOL. IV.--NO. 81.
Mttmnmt Garntet
FURNISHED WEEkLl'
ar ST. OH.NSBURT. VT.
ROYAL CUMMINGS, Pub'r and PrOp'r'
WIN. H. WHEELER, Editor.

TERMS, Always in Advance.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-11-27

Ono copy one year, In single Wrappers OF eunee IN
Six months, .ss'''''''''''''''''''' IN
Throc rnonfha trial, W
' Club Rates.
-. o,,o yoor to separnte addresses, 500