New-York tribune., 1874-12-01
countries which can still feed them better That
foo n sta IN

point of the industrial life OF man What you doing
ali the day ionri How is their industrial life passedi
There is the great secret Here Is the whole matter
thing of very different kind from what people learn In
Wast. The life OF man Is composed OF two thlngs-Ol
making and consuming. The consumption. II you Keep
alive, does 60 and must go on, and
the great question Is. How about the makingi Al
its population and its great stores, conceal the great
fact that your life, your uxures your comforts every
thing that have that your enjoyment ana bosses
living consists In, that fast as you destroy
things all be made. This Is not paper work loaI
OF bread paper horse u not paper Clothes 20
Keep you warm are not paper. faots Stern real
Nles! My whole object tonight II 10 MAKE YOU SoG
understand TINS The secret consists III , anT NJ NJ
capital. 1t is hard word / wish one c.9u % nave Ave
the secret we are IN search OF. 49,,
What is capitall That man makes. For the things
clothed had to De lodged, had have materials,
and had 10 be supplied with tools he-e are Tue h'e
thi- ..aaoois -.c you would not have the eotn-s
which you are wearing this evening NOW what Is IL
that makes nations riOh and what Is IL that makes n
tons poorf IL al depends upon what 90 ~ ncb
capital nation L. stationary wnen IL Dahes as a nuT @
it destroys the clOh hes that are worn OUT are
supplied by another suit OF clothes and when the 1000
that has sustained llfe Is replaced 10y anonner iot @
what does that meant That the things We want 10 cur
ivate the wheat with have been destroyed and are
goue; bur wisely the people who made them are max
ing another lot for the next year Inc people VINO "
lot OF heat is not made, there mus be poverty ana
there may be starvation. Therefore II nation makes
as much as It destroys 1t Is stationary van ,,,,o oro
II, most modern nations practice, you make noIe
than you destroy 1t becomes an extremely Interesting
stock You turn IL into savings But wnatls the mean
ing the word savngsf man does not save Dy lay
upon IT, have holes in his roof and all the workmen
away because the man has tnrNeo az n!s no.e ~
INTO .l. OF all the useless tAingS IN the worlu II ~
gold, unless you ID or employ It. nation grows
by and the word TO turn that
err slock Of DIngs nIo capatal which means 70 turn
il tke pJyer W MAILING larger snppy Ol tue tuSs
next year Tnat is tho way nations grow rich nation
IKE the Amercsn nation will grow rich, IT, having
made certain quantity OF things 4nl the !hnaDl'aA@
theIp they DOM use them AZ! Don't put theh mo
carl cts
If they need large number Of new heds 10 grow more
Vhesi; they get ships; II Iney make more roads
where ae.ds Terr cultivated beause the carts could
NOT gvi at ids; II they make docks so that more
ships gel TO them; there are the sAynEs, ana tnea
al tnese s,sed produce & laTr qHntg an %
II the population has not kept corresponding pace
there is more diyds. The people ar, richer some
men. Everybody better ot because tnere are more
| GAtlgs made
HOW NATIONS BECOME POOR.
Vow let us come the otler part How do nations
gel poOr4 Just the counter proceedngs-rom con-
snming devournS. eating UP more than they make and
| then somebody must 90 70 the bad. Somebody must
luse don't mean lose in counters. gold or paper
Somebody must lose IN his table IN his wants. some
body perhaps must starye ina Is the only eAphaton
OF call panic; thaL thtfe rs oeen py s0nlr
nrpress exceptional undne fOmentnG an unnatural SO
10 say obstruction " t- % T , Ali n IL comes
made. Then Hhat iohO"si Iaho ntN' - ~ =, oo ,',
10 TINS point, man says: can't teed you JoAh thln
it1e farm. Il Won't sell because other people
| have nothing TO give me in the pace OF IL
the farmer can't afford TO keep john But way Be-
canse there demand for wheat sufficiently great 10
and he has lost the capital which John Is to be
kept alive while growing the wheat 90 u Is ID Store
other things made owner Of all these things cannot
Conduct making Of goods as before Don't forget
that IN Yon are distribuors All YOU do TO put the
capital the proper places where 1t wants to be used
A great does not make the goods II sells
ILr factories here. the fields are not here 4ou
~ nd
You nave many rawaYs-Ddt that Il not the NE OF the
'ion What Is there tnat IA madcl What i3 there to
give to every what is the same thing the whole
WI PWnat I nave neen saving will explain very i'm
portant word" income" You near man say he has
20 many dollars OF property do you suppose any OF as
handle our income in paper or goidi The poor man.
yes The Door man, DOUBT, receives "A weekly wage
| and that he touches IN money DuI al IAe
S6oit sr99it tnnch 1ei money The rich man who bas
thousand pounds OF money year does not Ouch 45OJ
OF 1t. mucn less thousand. Your proportion ot iAe
things made collectively by ihe hauoL-tAtt Is & me
meaning of the word " income" You count II IN DOL
lars appears III dollars out there Is no uuh IN tha
Your income SNARE your proportion OF tHe bread
clothes and all the rest OF the Things tdt are made
That your income, and repeat, that Is important
OF of'"usa; each of you that is important
THE MOST IMPORTANT TEST OF CAPITAL.
Now gentlemen, IN ordinarT state OF things when
a nation is sound more Is made than consumed There
I really almost left out the most important test Of
capita What is Distinction the test for finding out
wi
ia DESTROYED every thing else, but IS reproduced IN
goods made. A beautiful picture Is not capital You
have pad It, You have given your goods away for
if bui il does nothing for you in the way OF making
further goods You have lost your goods ana have
got painting The test Of capital is thdt 1t is always
reproduced destroyed The workman eats the corn,
wears his out consumes the eOa ln every case
1t is reproduced IN goods made Inat IL human NE
Well say then the ordinary state or things, When
men are sane and sober and not wild, nations VIII a0t
prud ntly and Will increase their capital Wncn means
tnat they will increase the machines LOT making conse
quently increase Of capital Is only another word ex
ng the OF those things which make goods
make Things That are and Is Indispensable Tor hu
man llfe and It's enJoyments
But God mas not wllIed that man shonld be exempt
from temptation, and He has not wiied that his exist
ence should 20 smoothly without care, and without
a of responsibility, and without rejecting upon
the nature Oh aud consequently there Ofteu Is
az times a serious misfortune which befals nations.
They get a temporary PROSPERITY tempolary-%hat
shall call i-sort OF universal good fortune, which
good consists in eating up their capital in di-
| universal ruin, and possl0Iy universal stArya,
ton Jyb and and eat the up Rmeean yeaE faPa ptope
must die absolutely die. one instance may mention:
Ii is war This had great effect upon the fortunes Of
America War consume rapidly Il is also very often
time OF great business, 4ine orders for iron, clothing
ali sorts OF things, great numOer of generals officers
well paid great movements. and great destruction.
That fact. All goes on swlmmingy but the pro-
cess though is destruction. Therefore, war
brings on great sense OF prosperity because
you eating your capital II Is just the same
nothing much for the people the railway but
you may make too many rallways. And II you make
too many. what happensf Always again tne od story
a diminution OF capital You nave fed the labOrers
given them tools, ana very magnlncent
railway which perhaps ends hahuished is the result
When that opened astouished that the people
are so poor. II pOu had given the p.OpeT KIND OF
thought TO the subject you would have sal We have
made many railways we have destroyed the power
of making goods, and our people are poorer"
But you ask me. now are We 10 learn how many rail
wavs We can afford Always the same eternal
Yo can afford make railways The extent you
make more goods than you consume, ~ you have
Things 10 spare instead Of buying pictures OF the
Italians statues or the Greeks books from England and
Ialy you turn your surplus into railways, have
done great thing Tor the American people, it is
great power OF increasing their wealth. but H. the