New-York tribune., 1874-07-18
APPLIED SCIENCE.


or u,nrs Avn Rosrs.--Immersng hides "a hours in
a two nor cent solution of carbolic acid and then
simnlv driving Them has been recently substituted
Cor tho tedious and expensive process of sailing
them for transportation from South America ana
Australia and with most satisfactory results bones
have been similarly treated for transpor'ation
VIOLET OIL-PIGMENT FOR PRINTING ON FABRICS
Pour alcoholic solution of violet an,line B d. upon
finely powdered chalk in saucer stir well with
rod. and allow it to dry on a hot plato or in the
stove, then stir to powder, and again smpiy
moisten il with the anine solution dry again. pull
yerize and preserve in dry place. For use, rno
some with ginc-white. according to the Shauc u?
sired The pigment is rich, and prints well, Dut is
not permanent in the with ordinary, usdSc' e"u
the best K b. must therefore ne enIVl"yeu ; ~ Tho
oreenish east like diamond fuchsne. win this lhe
oil color wears well aS much more expensive o"o''
S,pv AND CHEAP RED-FRE.-The mixture for
sed-fre generally composed OF nitrate OF stron'a7
cborate of potash and sulphur, frequently ignites
spontaneously especially when flowers of sulphur OF
,mperfectly dried nitrate are employed The fol-
lowing mixture, which can be prepared compara-
tiyelv cheapy as well as safely. is free from such
tendency, and burns with excellent effect, quietly
aud comparatively slowly, and even when strewn
upon the damp gronId One part, by weight, OF
shelIac. and four of thoroughly dried nitrate of
strontia well mixed, In an unrulverlzed cohdl-
tiOn, in tin dish, and heated TO the neitihe poln5
after cooling
WATFRPROOFINe IINEN-The following process
is recommended by Kuhr for this purpose: Pass the
linen first through bath of one part OF suiphate of
alumna in ten parts of water then through soap
bath, of which the soap is prenared by boiling one
part of light colored rosin and one of crystalzed
carbonate of soda with parts of water until the
rosin is dissolved. The rOSn soap thus formed is to
be separated by the addition OF one-tiTd oi common
salt. In the soap bath the Tosn soap Is dissolved
together with part of soda soap, by boiilng II III
80 parts Of water. From this bath pass the articles
finally through water. then dry, and calender
Made-up articles may De brushed with the snIutl3hS
IN succession and be rnsed III the rain Wooden
vessels may be employed.
LITHI, IN TIE SOIL OF AUvERGNE.-Ihe rarity
of hthia in rocks and in mineral waters is well
known as also the supposed part which it PLAYS as
remedial agent in the medicinal qualities of the
latter The recent announcement that Truchot has
found this in large quantity in the sOll of Limagne
and in the mineral waters of Auvergne has elected
considerable interest. Indeed 50 large is the per
centage in the first mentioned district that an
amount varying from 81 to 1Sl milhgrammes of the
carbonate of lithia have been found in 100 grammes
Of earth. A small quantity of this earth mostened
with hydrochloric acid gives distinctly, and without
any preparation the characteristic red ray when ex-
amined spectroscopically. The same soil, which is
lol itS tiiitA II iio' ii'ii "
containing in 100 grammes five or SIX tenths of one
per cent of potash.
In the course Of some experiments upon certain
ashes Of three different plants found in the vicinity
of Lille. GTandeau II was found that the ashes OF
COLA exhibited indications of sodium and rotassu nm.
but not of thium nor OF rubdlnm that the beet as
simulated the potassium, the sodium aud rubldluln;
while tobacco accepts potassium and ruDldlum,
with little or no sodium. In Lmogne. however,
both the cola and the beet take M a small quantity
Ot htmum. 100 grammes of the ashes Of each CON
tanning about 10 milligTamncs of its chloride, while
100 grammes of tobacco ash gave 40 milligrammes.
In reference to the mineral waters OF AuVergne.
TruchOt finds that those Ot ROyat contain - mlli-
Frammes of chloride Of lithlum in each liter OF
water But he has not vet positively determined the
presence Ot ceSum and TubIdlum which are usually
associated with those substances.
IMPRovED FoRI OF RUBBER.-A recent improve
meut has been made in the manufacture of articles
of ndia-ubber which liable to be exposed to
considerable heat such as the valves and packing
for steam-enGines. washers for pipeoints etc. This
consists in mixing the rubber its compounds with
carbon, in the form of lamp-black, SCOT, ground
charcoal in the proportion OF four parts of carbon TO
one of rubber the proportions varying with the ma
ture of the article he manufactured, and with the
quality Of the rubber the better this is the greater
being the quantity of carbon that may he mixed
with 1t. For waterproOhng fabrics such as tarpau-
ns for covering wagons, three TO four parts of car
bon to one OF rubber will be found most suitable;
Mill!e 1Ol packing lOI Stttll-CISlNcS ana pipes
where great heat is 10 be resisted from five to six
parts OF carbon to one of rubber will yield COM
pound best adapted 10 the purpose. The mixture Of
the two is accomplished By the employment of
rollers provided with spiral cutters into and be-
tween which the rubber Is fed by hopper, which
also supplies the carbon during the process, the roll
being very powerful and fixed in strong bear
ings. The process requires that the rollers be heated
Inv steam and the ature should be maintained
ol. Ilt44 llpvN will mo Z nus spr1ff
and maStiCatcd in combination with the dry carbon,
aud DISCHARGED from the delivering end of the ma
chine IN a hot, plastic, homogeneous mass. whence
il may be recOnveyed TO the feeding end for sec
ond aud more complete treatment If necessary. IL
may then be applied directly 10 the surface OF tex
Tile fabric without the use of any additional adhe-
sve material by the agency of heated rollers which
cause the mixture 10 bc Incorporated III the inter
stices of the fabric. H. however, the object be to
secure a coating only, a compound Of rubber is first
applied and upon this the carbon mixture is rolled.
The great advantage OF using cloth treated with
this rubber for washers and steam machinery is its
complete resistance 10 heat Ordinary rubber tlanges
thus exposed become hardened into vulcauite aud
rapidly lose all their value. TaTpaulins and water
proof sheets remain durable and plant neither
cracking nor hardening IN cold. nor being iniuri-
ousiy affected by heat. The inventor Is the same
Mr.. Macintosh whose name * familiar in cOnnec-
tiOn with water-prOohlnc compounds.
ELECTPO-STANNUs.-Sev years ago a patent
was taken out in London in regard to a process
called electro-stanuus which is in reality method
Of coating with tin objects intended for subsequent
plating with silver, 20 as to give body aud reduce
the amount of silver necessary TO the original
material. This is applicable to all kinds of iron sub
stances and has lately received an extended appli-
cation. The principal difficulty has been to keep in
solution the tin of the electric floating bath, as it
has tendency to fall to the bottom in the form of
precipitate TO prevent this grain tin is dissolved
III nitrO-muTiatic acid, in nitric acid, and thus a
solution Of niro-murae, Of nitrate Of tin is OBJ