The Portland daily press., 1874-08-03
THE PRESS.
MONDAY. MORNING. AUG. 3. 1874.
THE FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.
Cheese Factories.

agriculture, that this new and promising
branch Of husbandry should be judiciousy en-
tered upon. Farmers as a class are some-
what inclined to launch out into agricultural
schemes. Notwithstanding their proyerbial
slOwness and steadfastness, and whenever
the venture results in failure or only proves
moderately successful, they too often lapse
INTO indifference or absolute opposition to all
improvements. Simply TO avoid the discour
aging and demoralizing effect produced by
such injudicious and unsuccessful invest
ments, there should be concerted determin-
alton and effort to make this new indus. .sry a
complete success.
/ One of the first dancers to be apprehepded
rs that the sanguine and jealous projectors
and promoters of these enterprises having
overcome the doubt and distrust of their as.
sociates, and enlisted them in the undertake
ing, Will therein rest content and suhside in
to the belief that the matter so well beoun
Will take care of itself. Wherever any such
lack OF watchfulness prevails, some of the in.
evisable results will be an unfortunate remiss
ness IN the selection of a building committee.
choosing sometimes ignorant, unskilfal, in
competent men who enjanger the result from
the outset-bad judgment in locating the
building either too far from the centre of
travel or from the place of the arrival and de-
parture OF freight--'or,i lit may be, ON an unsuit
able lot, either from its own intrinsic defects
or its bad neighborhood. As for the build-
ing itself it may be remembered that it is de-
signed wholly for ''summer-house," and
there need be no expenditure oflahor or mon
ey to guard against the SHOWS and blasts of
winter, or, in fact, but little regard ID the Or
binary considerations involved in the con-
s1ructien OF fdwelling-houses. A plain strl,c-
ture with simple balloon frame, covered bv
unplaned but whitewashed boards and hat
tens, with inner lining of the same Kind af
fording an air-space between the double
walls, with floor of stone or brick or ce-
ment, proof against receiving and retaining
all slop and waste. Such a building with
some additional features of the Swiss or rustic
style OF architecture and surrounded by ashady
lawn, is much to be preferred to pretentious
shingle palace stuck down in the heat and
dust of busy thoroughfare, and in fact, it
amply meets all requirements. So far as out
ward adornment is concerned, strict economy
should be the rule, but In all the lternal ar
rangements, and in procuring modern and
improved equipments the single inquiry
should be, how much can be tjudiciously ex-
pended? A good deal, of course, depends up
on obtaining the right person for superin-
tendent or overseer, although we imagine
that good dairy man or woman from the
immediate locality, who has become familiar
with the routine of the factory from shor.
apprenticeship, will do well enough for the
limited business of the first season, and with
that added experience will be entirely COM
petent for all subsequent management 1t
hardly seems necessary to add that within
the walls, there should be the most scrupu-
lous neatness and thorough ventilation, and
all unnecessary heat and dust should be ex-
cluded, while without, there should he COM
plete drainage and continual removal of all
accumulations. A disregard of the foregoing
considerations will necessarily produce an I'M
favorable effect upon the final result, AMI vet
they are all of minor Importance when COM
pared with the weighty responsibilities which
rest upon the patrons of cheese factory A
neglect of duty on the part of the milk-pro-
ducers will result in inevitable failure.
To obtain good milk land consequently
good cheese) it is essential that it should be
taken from healthy cows kept in good condi-
tion, and free from exposure and abuse, espec-
tally in relation to their food and drink and
lodging. Hurried drivingto and from pasture,
insufficient shelter from the sun and storm
and night, scanty supply of water, Or fur
nishing that unfit for use, compulsory brows-
ing on weeds and bitter herbage from lack of
natural food, all are procuring causes of milk
with bad odor, and milk with bad taste,
and. in the dairy, Of cheese that cannot be
eaten or sold. During the past year. more
than one factory manager was unable to ac-
count for the production of bitter cheese
which some one of his milkmen might have
easily explained had he been sufficiently hon
est. To obtain good milk also, it is absolute
ly necessary that so far as relates to the
condition of the COW, the place of milk
| lug, CLS pcISUu vi tlc IulikeT, anu the
vessels used during the process of
milking the strictest cleanliness should
be practiced. Without constant conformity
to this indispensable requisite no cheese can
be manufactured that is worthy of the name.
Previous errors and failures lave been con.
fined to the narrow limits of private daries
and not necessarily mischevous, but under
the associated or factory system the single
fault of a single man may occasion irrepara-
BILE damage to the market value of the entire
product of factory.
In conclusion it may be safely said that
those individuals and associations who aim
at the highest excellence in this department
will not only escape the errors and mistakes
which we have referred to but, will secure a
positive reward in always finding ready
| market for their productions.