The Hawaiian gazette., 1874-10-14
HAWAHANGAZETTE
s'altivatioa OF Coaee Ina VarIoa-
Countries.

II Is q Curious ttct tlAt ttrcc flattS CohuSNt W
ge,her ihrcc darscpl quarters q the globe, which
nlSet otherwise have known comparatively lUtle OF
cash other; Arabia Is linked to America and,Eu'
roPe ~ her eofec; China by her tea, ard tobacco
has eecn ios sscs q the connecting commercial
/ eopas between the tNo eemisPAercs
Beotc rcicrring 70 the various methods o. eultlvs
ton & may poS &c Inappropriate briefly to describe
7 the plant ITSELF Cofce, eineNonaeeops genus,
consisting q mapy species Of tropical NeTp,bearng
shrubs, QUO q which, CCg9sa Araasas-ghe Only one
which Is eultivsted-isa native Of Uppcr Ethiopia
aud Arabia Felix This Is the parent Of the pani
frm whose crushed berries We derive that delight.
ful aromatic drink called coffee. The slonminous
subsSanee-,he e0re5 OF eommere-,s to that plant
Whag The -four 10 corr, the white meat 10 eOeoa.
rut ana the aromatic ramipStra Substance 70 the
nutmeg Il Is secretion formed 10 the interior Of
the seed, aud enyel0piug the embryo plaut, for
whose support It Is avstnea when Il arst begins to
gvrnlnate; u constitutes the principal part Of the
seSd The embryo being nselts minute body lying 10
cavity at QUO ead Of tbs sl6umen.
LuuSus plsees The plant among the Hstiistiyii
N,eey.is. It's flower consists OF cue funnel shared
Pc,al with slender tubs, nearly eyliudrieal much
lo5Ser than the nower-eup, Il Is described as an
cyvrsveea sbreo, 10 its native state, having oval
shiui0g, sharpPoiuted leaves, white, fragrant Eve
eS0 clustered e0roas, With projecting suthers, sud
obloug Pulpy berries, which arr al first Of bright
nd color, but Afterwards become purple The
dark green leaves, s0ieipg brilliantly IN the sun.
Sdord bcautia Contrast to the perc white, jessa.
mipe-like blossoms that cluster ard nestle among
TIE foliage, which ever snd anon turus ttfuily up
with the brevEe is white undertaking. and gtters
like the fosm ercst 90 the ocean wave. Its leaves
resemble those q the common lanrvi although not
50 dry ard thick From the angle OF the leatstslSs
smS1 groups Of The white flowers issue, which, Is
already stated, resemble those OF the jeSsaInine
These roWers fade very soon, ard are replaced hy
Kind Of truit not uulike cherry, which contains
yellow hutd euysloPiuS TWO small seeds Or berries,
convex upon one side, Fat ard furrowed upon the
other. Toese SEEDS are OF a horny or cartihgiuous
asJurc; they arr glued together, each being sur.
rouuded With peculiar eorisee5uS membrane.
he period Of towering does not last more than two
days, 10 siugle night the blossoms expand 50 pro
iusely that the trees sppear If covered With snow
ne seSts known to be ripe when the berries
have DARK red color.
Travellers sud planters tell Us that nothing eau be
Conceived more GcliSb;ful than the Appearance and
perfume Q, a coGce plantation ia fun bloom. The
air IS allied with fragrance, and the trees appear As
sshoNer o. STOW had just flleu 90 their dark green
glossy lSaves, which almost entirely biSden by
The profession OF delicate white blossoms This rare
Beauty i however bgt short-liyed tor the splendid
array OF the morning may, perehauce, fade away
With The heats Of noon, or the nelloNins uuts OF
even.
Coffee Is sin cultivated in * Araby the BEST the
eoave gardens there being on terraces, which reach
10 an elevation OF about 600 feet he soil : kent
moist b. means Of snsu artificial canals which are
made 10 irrigae the whole BY the water falling from
The upper 70 the lower terraces The trees here are
planted closely together that The thick foliage
shelters their roots frOm the tropical heat Of tbesuu
Neiouhr states that the plant was brought from
AoySSiuiS oy the Arsbs to Yemen. Fer sges it Is
Believed TO have been cultivated ia the billy range
q JaoaL Here the plsuts are grown in a soil con
tCsaly irrigated, snd Nhvre tryes Of various kinds
sre iatsFsPersed suOuS the plsutatous whose shade
has beneficial etfect upon the coffee bushes. The
fruit begins TO riPen ia February: sud when the
ses arr prepared they are conveyed 10 the city Of
Bet q EaSih, whence part goes TO Mocha, another
portion 10 Hodeij2 snd Loheibs, whence it huds its
way TO D5edaa aud Suez, for the Turkish and Eu-
-o0ean ua-SeJs.
CoEee, it has been proved, can Be eultivated with
ysat case and 70 any extent in the rypubIc Of Lib
IA, beiug Indigenous to the soil and found there in
loGndsnce. It bears more fruit there, and lasts
ouSsr than elsewhere A single tres At Moravfa,
Z < sid, has yielded the enormous quantity Of l6
7o1uds At Gee gathering. It was estimated some
-ears siuce that there were about 50 900 coffee trees
q OGs Of the Counties that Of 6rsud B4sss and the
1aly Of the prod1cs vas stated 10 be equal to the
'est Java About the villages ard settlements OF
BE S6erbro river anc Sisrra Leous Wild coffee Tres
rs very abundant
II IS bas 6esn computed, there are now CONSUMED
1nualy taousand million pounds Of the precious
eaur e01es eau no logger Dc sid hold az iusfg
l5Sant piaee auOuS the staples Of trade. % toe
1nir2ry, is importance such eau hardly Be over
when II Is remembered TO what szst null
tGtss OF psrsous IT. euystioa transportation and
Ssp4ratioa for Use aford profitable means Of sup
crt :
Llere IS scarcely any other ten Of Commerce that
as made more rapid progress 10 the world, or {
1iuee for fsef uore general acceptatOu With all o
asses, than coffee It's Constantly Increasing cor
i1pito1 IS beverage, as seen b. the statistical
-alss eieariy proves tsat il nay Be regarded not
ay as o1e Of the necessities OF civilized life but
50 a very iuPorta1t oue- Two thiugs connected e
III coffee coudEcs to It's Popalarity-its rsfrezh =
:, restoring snd sxhfdratiug Qualities and rs q
iuaaencs beverage that shan be
und to combine these essential requisites Is in
~ ssas ga Hoa sith ugItiiudss, who. while 2
ey would seek the stinuant would also avoid the
salty Of the intoxicaii1g drsGSht Coffee, there l.
*, l. 20 oe regarded an azxar to ten peruuce: =
Zee is use te0ds largely to sgperSee that OF SIR G
loGz h9zorS. This cousinged fuerease in the de- il
and for the beverage. irrespective Of climate inHu- il
sss VII Of Heeessity sxtsad the present area Of ITS .
tivatiou largely Into those belts OF ud which are IL
Eorasie to the PrOtUcttoa Of TIE plant These io
1ds are fouas lying principally 6etween the $50 &c
sral lines Of - north ard So sosih Of The Esua- Sc
= Il has been asoertaiHed that the plant cannot Il
guSEz to Advantage il places zhsre the thsruo- t-p
ster sescsadz al any tine below So IN
Besides the ezfstfug eogutres Ehere coffee Il eu d
ased, there are many other places vhere Il might
extensively grown, szch, for instance, as The o
stern coast Ct Aria ge1crzuy, the interior CO
les q Natal, the uozntain ranges OF the uorth- 40
coast OF Australia, frou No-efoa Bay to Torres &c
-Iifs, &c- Soil ard climate are the Circumstances
sch ehiesy Hfect RS eouzerctal vaIus. T
he eEitivarioz OF e0Tee Is uov EidsIE diFused p
sr al the tr0Pfeal parts Of the ECid It * fouud re-
most q TIE Eess Ilda Islaass, IL The pro7f.ees ta
Ceztral Aneriea, C4Eeuus, Peru, Bolivia, ard thl
ieciaiiy Bari, the greatest market Of all HE ss