, 1874-10-03

country, Highly suttIstsd , ysry Rr9dueAve' tlne.
orostod scores OF besntltu'. ;rnpil-dow!ng
ys4 %.rs =: or m so 6% ~ ~ ssssa r y s o
through multitude OF Villages anti towns. Tho
country, as whoto, WINS Mother 1ovol nor noun
tafnot,s, bnt presented every imaginable sarioty
Of s1rfaoe from broad, svel n.y., ra',,oys to RANGES
continually cl.nn9tns but was Mwaya charming.
Aray OF to tho westward as far as ono could ace,
syas the long range of Jurn Mountains, woso
sides mud tops were donsoly coyorod ritl,
es&S ts rass Sa 1'D of tho A' sn '" 6n o o,er
sids, to sl1e oast and aoutl.oast, the nuow-reaks
OF tho high Alps, 90 70 90 miles diatant could bc
Boon looming ovor tho intervening 1owor n,out,-
tnln-rangcs. Towards tina middle Of The aftor-
,loon the train left tho Valley OF the Aare, aud.
plugging through long tunnot under high
hill which crossod its track, suddenly emerged
tllo ilolgnt Of 1880 feet aboye its bnrfaco. It
followed nloug tic Bde hill of the lako, mont of
tue wn7 through vineyards, tor 80 milos, down to
tho City Of doneya, which lleA In the Vallo, Of
tho nhone. on both BfdeB Of tho river, whore II
Into tho Mediterranean.
THIS BEAUTIFUL AND FERTILE ronTioN
OF Switzerland oomtnoncoH at Lake Constance,
at tho northeast end Or anglo Of the country. aud
aists1Se 1arss vi ~ath g 5S' os %s' 1t ~t ae
proatlcBt to 25 at tho narrowost, mud
embraces mors than onc-tAirfl tho entire aroa Of
miles, aud supports u population just abott tho
sRn1o Is that Vi Illinois. II all Of Switzerland
wero M iine and favlo as.tho portion drained by
tho Aaro, 1t won!d never 20 thought Of ns ,nosin
tanous or STERILE but only Id exceedingly beau-
tirul md productive. It would bo visited by
mutitudes for tho yake Of ila Ba1uprioua air,
puro wator, chafming lakes. and lovely land
acapes. Tho genelNl altitude aboxe tllo aua OF
Tho Aaro Falloy and tho lakes Of Switzerland is
1,2oo to 1,GoD fect. which necessarily tinparts
breezy te1npernte hcalthful climate.
But it ~ tho other half Of Switzerland. lying to
tho southeast Of tho parE above described, which
has given Switzerland
IT'S woRLp~w1DE REPUTATION
m mountains, wioro SAlps oyor Alps arise;S
whore ffozen rivola. called glaciers, abound
whero ayf'anc,cs Of snow bury villages and
inhabitants; where tho rays Of the sun mover
penetrate to the bottom OF tho c1iasn,s aild
gorgos; where naked rorlss and fields Of anow
rcign Hupronlo In aa eternty Of desolati0n;
where the foot Of man or beast laH never trol
wiors cascados are 30 lofty that they Hoom to
fall from the clouds wlloro only narrow mttlp-
paths eau penetrate it's valloys; anl shore tho
miserable Inhabitants until atlsonturous Tourists
gavo them employment MS gusdea, oked out 4
haf-asarYod exiBloncn. In this part Of Sssltzer-
land few travololh have ever been ablo to
exaggcrate tho strange sights, tloy hayo seen.
preacnta to 1nan tho most Ful'llHo aa we'll ma
terrific manifestations of hor power, Us ii to
mock hiH pnny eflorts, crush llis pride and
ogasan1, and mako him toel ha litllonens and
With wonder and admiration; anothor with fear
and trautbling; nnotAor with awe alsu reverence.
It IL not upon tho pursuit OF agriculture alouo,
Supplemented by tho monoy uf tourists, OFT
which tho Sr7iAs depend for living. Fully ouo-
third Of the entire population nc engaged III
MANUFACTURES AND MECHANISM OF ALL Kinds.
Tens OF thouHunds are employed in making
wa.el,cs In Gaooya, Borne. Neufcbatel, uud oleo~
where; other thousands in tho fabrication Of
fewclry for the Iars and other markets. Tie
Gity of Zurich, which coutaina J0,010 iui,aIIt-
snss, III the headquarters OF tho extensive Swisa
silk manufactures, and it Possesses thu groat
Polytechnic InBtitutc, ono Of tho most celebrated
in Europe, aud whoaa laboratories nroduco ul
inns Of dollars worth OF chemicals for sNlo in
all markets. 1t il Owned ant opciuted by the
Government, 1nterlalieu IL tue coutra Of tia
wood-cayvtng Industry, whica gives enlpioymaat
to 5U00 families. II iB surprising to what per-
nrt Of sculpture in wool There il scarcely
an article. animal, or bird fguro, or group Of
stntuary, III marale, terra-cotta, OF bronze, but
ttey reproduce in Underwood being tho
fAyorlto material, on account Of its fms grain
and noftness. All this great branch OF industry
ilaa been built mp, and The art itself bsous'!: 10
perfection, within the last forty ycars. The
Government nov ,nainsaits school Of design
for toachinE hoYs and girls in modelling aul cary
ing. The taie and export o! wood-carsings Ecal-
izo more tln. 81, ,00U,000 par alR.slnl.
Schaff,ausen. At the tallB Of tho Khino 10 tho
chief seat Of tho iron-fuunttres and locomotive
aul car-building III Switzerland, and alao for tho
usaslufacturo OF caDnnn aud firearms. The
water Of tho falls furnishes the naotiye~nower,
Yllero May lie aecn trbine-wheein Of 7i10 to 1,U00
horsepower not iu motion by tic pressure OF
tho cntnraos, which, If one hnd naver aeon Mag
ara Falls would be considered aolaethiuS great
mud remarkable, as we'll ~ boautlfnl aud aub-
lino.
Every Swiss city ard Largo town Inns
ITS srEuIAL INpusrnY.
Some excel In ono branch of Inannfscturss and
| snsno III aluthcr; hut, taIteu iu thclr entirety,
thoy aggregate very respectable production for
tllnu cnough NEST, but.or, and cheese for theIr
own consumption. thoy aro Obliged to import
about l.5Q0 010 bnrsela Of -four per a,n1lnl from
| Franco and Germany. Nor do they grow nearly
! enough wool to clothe themselves but. from
the proceeds Of the4r tales OF si!k aud cotton
fabrics, uf embroidery, watches. iewelry. chcMi-
! calls, and wopd-caryinss, they abnnaantsy on
abod to supply all tlloir wants in the shape Of i
ported goodh ami food. Tic Swiss are cartatnly
the most industrious people in tho world, as we'll
| as the maoBt frugal. Everybody works. ,--ma,,,
women, and children. Thero is no lcisurc, lille.
or ioafcr class, and faw troncs, in this busy So.
! Switzerland iB
| MOST UNIQUE COUNTRY
| In evory respect. Surrounded by mDosrchtcs it
In 4 pure Ropuhlic. While overy other European
nation has al Emperor or King for ruler, Or
! is waEing civil war to roatora . depoHed Roy
| alty, Switzerland haY no Prince or Eotentate,
| not eYon President. Her Executive authority
consists Of q Council or Ststo, appointed by the
| Legislature Tor = limited period Of tlmo. and
With tho power Of removal. Ono Of thu Cout.
| Gil Board IT, appointed Chairman OF tho Board
! tor ona ycat with tho title Of frosidont- But
llo llaa no patronage. no power Of removal Or
psrdon,-nothing except tho priyiloEo Of psos'd::
| ing at tho FITTINGS Of the Council Of Stnts and
col,ntefsigning its revolutions aud ORDERS. It Is
| tho Ba.ne xH il tho A,norlcnn Congress elected
tbs Cal,net officers, autl also tho Presiding or.
icer OF the Hoard, and, at tho same time abol'
sl1ed tue Office Ut preHIlont or Chief Alagstrate
and absorbed tho powers OF the office III
to thogo of tho Legislative DaIy. How this
system of legislative aggrn,ttlizcmont would op:
erato II adopted in tho American Republic. ID NOT
llard to predict; nevertheless, it works well IN
this Bmal1 coslutry OF sin.ple.nilldoa and honoB1
nountaincers, WHARF ''ringa," lobbies, ant
| Cradit-Mobi!ior sol1o,nos arc unknown.
Tho SwiaB Government IL unique In another
respect: Its Legislative proceedings arc oon'
duGtod and recorded