The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1874-06-04

Every body knows that the waters OF
the ocean are very salt to the taste out
how many of you have thought OF the
immense quantities of salts OF differ
ent kinds that must be in the Atlantic
and Pacific to give flavor to such enor
nous bodies of water? Scientific men
have thought about it and one of them
Captain Maury) has told us that if all
the various salts of these oceans could
be separated from the water and spread
ont equally over the northern half of
this continent, they would form a COW
ering one mile deep. So heavy would
be this mass of salts that all the me-
chanicsl inventions of man, aided by all
the steam and all the water-power in
the world, could not move it 50 much as
one inch In even centuries of time.
NEW RAILWAY SIGNAL. MN. Lar
tique and Laforest have recently in
vented q novel device, intended as a
danger signal, which the Revue Indus
TREBLE states is now in successful use on
some of the French railroads. A whistle
Is arranged on the locomotive so that it
will, when once opened, continue sound
ing until shut by the engineer. The
same device which turns the disk signal,
so as to show the danger side, is ex-
tended to transmit a current of electric
Ity to little projection between the
rails. When the engine passes over this
spot metallic brush hanging between
its wheels strikes on the projection and
sweeps over it, at the same time trans
hitting the current to an electro-mag-
net which pulls the whistle open. The
latter, by continuously sounding, warns
the engineer.
THE HEAT OF THE SUN.-Father Sec
chi, the distinguished Italian astrono-
mer, has recently published the result
OF his Investigations in the solar tenn
perature, made during last summer, and
states that his efforts were directed to-
ward the determination of the relation
of the solar radiation with that of the
electric light. The instrument used
was a thermo heliometer of the investi-
gators own invention, and the concIu-
sion reached was that the radiation of
the sun would be 365 times that of the
carbon points. If, therefore, the tenn
perature at the surface of the latter is
liked at 5,432 degrees Fahrenheit, a
number not exaggerated, and suppos-
ing the radiation proportional to the
temperature, we obtain for the potential
temperature of the sun 24O, 1886 degrees
Fahrenheit.
WHENCE THE NAME OF PENNs1YvA-
MA. The origin of the name of the
state OF Pennsylvania will be found In
letter OF William Penn, its founder,
dated January 6, 1851, fIom which the
following is an extract "This day.
after many watchings, waitinps. solici-
tings aud disputes in council, nv coun-
try has been confirmed to me under the
seal of England, with large powers and
privileges, by the name of Pennsvlya-
MIA name the king would give it in
honor of my father. I choose New
Wales, being billy country; and when
the secretary. a Welshman, refused TO
call it New Wales, proposed Sylvania.
and they added Penn to it. though i
was much opposed to it, and went "a
the king to have it struck out. He said
1t was past, and he would not take il
upon him for l feared it might bt
looked upon as n vanity in me, and moi
as respect in the king to my father
as it really was"
NEW TREATMENT OF OANoER.-Anotb.
er treatment of cancer has been brought
out by DIR. Hasse, of Berlin. An &C
count is given in the Medicinishe Cen.
trail Zeitung, February 18th. DIR. Hasse
meets, with a hypodermic syringe
pure alcohol, to which one per cent. o.
ether Is added, not into the new growth
but around its edges, thus celebrating
ne claims, the vessels, especially lym
phatics, which convey the infection nnf
causing the atrophy of the growth II
SELF The plan is rather severe. but Il
much reduced by ice-bags, and lasts on
ly about two hours. The injections ar,
repeated every eight to fourteen davs
and have no alarming reactions. I'll,
claims striking success in carcinoma o
the mamma. and in caulifower excres
cenoe of the uterus, but has failed il
eplthelioma OF the lip, which he attrib
utes to the impossibility Of obliteratinl
by the large and closely adjacent coro
nary artery.-AedicaI and .Surgica
Reporter.
CURIosIrIEs OF THE BmLE.-A ma
who was condemned to solitary confine
ment Tor life IN prison, relieved tn
tediousness Of the years by ascertainin
the following facts: The Bible contain
1856, 4o9 letters, 773, 692 words, 81 II
verses, 1,l89 chapters, and 66 book,
The word land" occurs AZ OFT tinna,
the word "Lord" occurs / s55 time,
the word " Reverend" occurs but ono,
which is in the 9th verse of the IIIt
Psalm. The middle verse is the 81
verse OF the 1lSth Psalm. The oil
verse OF the 9TH chapter of Ezra contain
all the letters of the alphabet exce1
the letter j. The finest chapter to rea
is the Goth chapter of the Acts of tI
Apostles. The 10th chapter of III. Kinf
and the 37th chapter of Isaiah are alik
The longest verse is the 9th verse of Il
9Th chapter of Esther. The shorte
verse is the 35th verse of the 18th cha
ter OF st. John. The Stb, 18th. 81
and 3lst verses of the 10th Psalm a
alike. All the verses of the I36th Psal
end alike. There are no words or nam
of over six syllables.
HARDNESS OF MINERALS AND NTErAr
In physics one body is said to be hard
than another when il is capable
scratching the specimen with which
is compared. In minerology, in whis
science the hardness is an importa,
characteristic, ten bodies are usual
taken as points of comparison-tl
softest being termed l and the harde
10. These are /, tale 9, gypsum :;
carbonate of lime 4, fuor spar
phosphate of lime; 6, felspar
quartz; &, topaz; Q, corundum: i
diamond. Hence, when scientific worl
speak OF the hardness of a body beir
~ - &C. ItlGEeuCt is made to III
relative hardness expressed by The Iii
above given. Tho tenacity of metals
estimated by the resistance which wir,
of the same diameter experience wbe
passed ut equal temperature throug
che Same hole of n draw tench. III
following gives the relative tenacity ,
various metals and alloys Steel a
ready drawn, 100 iron already draw
IS brass already drawn, II; gold
O,S75, annealed, 20 steel annealed, 6,
conper already drawn, 6S; silver ,
0,750, annealed, 5S silver at 1875, "a
brass annealed, &c iron annealed, 80
platinum annealed, 80; copper anneale,
50; fine gold annealed, 81 fine silv,
annealed, 81; zinc, "a tin, IL lead,
The WALL OF CHNA.-The wall
China is greater wonder than the Ply
amids of Egypt, and must have been
heavy drain on the wealth ard labor
the Empire when it was built. Nj
Seward has some interesting comment
on il: The Chinese have been for tw
or three tbousand wears a vvali.nokin