The New York herald., 1874-08-17
Political, Social, Religious and Financial
causes Moving Towards a Vast Change.
France, Italy, Germany, Rus
sia and Turkey.
Resting on Bayonets and Trust
ing to Bullets.
Can the Question Of the Orient Remain
Unsettled Let Us See.

LONDON, August l, 1874.
1t is trying TO write about French politics. The
situation IL last becoming unntelgible to for
eigners AZ for the French, they have never tried
to understand t. still, July, 1874, Is begetting an
omlnous resemblance to December, 1851. One
calls tne memorable words which prefaced the coup
Get1I "The Assembly having become mere hot
bed OF factions and intrigues" Louis Napoleon
announced that he knew OF something better.
That something better turned out to DE the beau
tiying OF Paris, the doubling OF the national debt,
the universal corruption Of officials and the ca
pitulation at Sedan. The Marshal President, Mac
Mahon. evidently has some such plan in his head
for the benefit Of his country. All the troops
round Paris are ready to start for the capital ut
two hours notice. Another General IN. de
Chabaua Latou) has been just lately added
to the Cabnet-placed, too, in the most
vital post, that OF Minister OF the Interior.
1t Is well known that MacMahon Is losing patience
with the Assembly. In TACT, he has got from 1t all
he can ever hope for, and so Is reasonably anxious
to kick away the ladder by which ne rose. Then
Mime. la Marechale is constantly telling HIM that
he IS heaven inspired hero sent TO deliver
France and that it Is the young Marquis, then son,
and not the Prince Imperial who Is destined to be
Emperor so 1t seems that MacMahon will soon
do something silly or try to do so, ike good
many Otuer men VINO nave CleVcr WlVeS tor VIC
rest, one man is good another to rule despOt-
icay. 1t ia pity that the Presidents head
should be little smaller than ptn's but per-
naps Madame Will get some clever men round
him. After all, the French have never really had
liberty since the early Middle Ages when they used
1t to each Others throats all around. Since then
they have had every now and then, a few days.
license to indulge In the more harmless but not
less exciting pastime OF gest1culating In hot
room, screaming, Kissing, stamping swearing and
shouting "ln cl6tuYei' Then the clank OF scab-
bards Is heard, few hundred gentlemen In red
trousers make their appearance and all is hushed
for few years. The odd part Of it is that France
manages to thrive as no nasion In continental
Europe has thrlven. Quite unlike her neighbor,
poor
ITALY, FOLLOWING IN THE TRACK OF ENGLAND.
Italy seems to become more hopelessly bank
rupt every year. The people are sincerely loyal
to their King, the Ministers are almost pedan-
tically attached to the English theory OF parlia-
mentary government the State asks nothing bet
ter than to leave the Church alone; but they have
no bread and no specie and they have
foods, malaria, bandits and paper money.
Still, the Italians are anxious to
tread In the footsteps of the great Mother
Of free nations, they must take comfort from her
history England was In a perilOus state for
many years after the glorious" revolution. From
1890 to 1898 the Old Country passed through as
severe crisis as that Of Italy in the present DAY.
With her also 1t was question Of French inya-
sion and the restoration OF the Papal power. Two
great defeats suffered by land IN two success
sve years. Four hundred merchant vessels were
captured by the enemy at one Iel swoop. and the
crOwnng misery and disgrace OF naval defeat or
the coast OF Kent had TO be endured This, with
civil war in Ireland and an unknown Number
Of traitors IN England Add to these ills taxa
tiOn double and treble to that Of the former
reign plus the beginning land no visible end
ing) OF a national debt, and good Italians win
see tnat others have toiled and suffered for
great ends and have not lost heart; and so they
too must be brave and patient Meanwhile one
is sorry to read OF bread riots at Florence and
Pisa, and must hope better remedies will be found
than reading the Riot act. "Bread, bread, gentle
men, and not speeches. said the women OF Paris
In $50, while an inch of cold bayOnet forcibly in
serted into the stomach is even less welcome to
hungry man. The great remedy t0r the existing
distress Is by every possible means to invite Eng.
lish and
AMERICAN CAPITAL
into italy. Unfortunately till France is settled
and new Pope elected who has never enjoyed the
temporal power, spectators cannot feel that there
is permanent security for their investments. 1t is
work OF linking the nations together goes on
apace new postal convention With Belgium
allows OF post ONCE orders to tue value Of
800 and introduces the system OF postal cards be-
tween the two countries There is good news for
persons who tntend to travel in the dog days, the
Alta Italia Railway having entered into contract
to run Colonel Mans American sleeping and par
lor carriages their line. A railway carriage
may be defined at present as an instrument OF tor
ture for inaicting the cramD during an nm limited
hoto n tntRtipcf
observe with what ingenuity the Instrument is
constructed to rack the joints at all times a. well
Also TO starve and cause lever to the unhappy con-
demned one. Alter you have been perhaps twelve
IaaS Dss nssrsss d9rret and to feel that You must
make your choice between breakfast or the sats-
faction Of imperious
1t makes one sigh to think what q time the world
is taking TO get comfortable. Life win oe Just toll
ments loomiDg In the near future. but we shall at
the BEST be slipping the Cruel OF old age, or at the
rroping about Invisible under chairs and tabIes
compelled to answer impertinent questions from
people we never knew and called impostors Tor
THE CONDITION OF GEBNANY.
Turning to Germany, one would almost fancy
shoot duck shot at ni, such new Iorce win he de-
rive from public sympathy to pursue his task to
reproa Itself Tor having thwarted the states
man who had made Germany. I'VE have only one |
PITY sa. noIs sxcs e.
heart in another sense. The Chancellor may talk |
.'olood and ron," but he IL man OF brains |
who viii never use more force than is
necessary to compass hts ends. 1t IS reported |
that be was opposed to the bombardment Of Paris |
and that the measure was only decided on after |
Moltxe had insisted on his exclusion from the |
council of war. II Bismarck we're now removed,
feeble statesman OF the pietst type like Herr Won
Muller would probably be the Emper0r's adviser on
ecclesiastical affairs while mere soldier like Won
Room, without grain oi political insight. would
WELD the forces OF the State in bind persecution
Of any doctrine that might happen displcase the
Uourt. Ii is very doubtful whether Bismarck sees
his way clearly In this matter, but the chances are
that no successor OF his would. The Germans OF
The Patherand are mere children In the art Of
government, their liberalism mean-
ing cheny the iorcible suppression OF the Cathonc
religion and afterwards OF Christianity. They are
constructing 1or themselves q new faith,
Df winch Strauss was the foremost ex-
ponent and which will turn out TO be
cultured materiallsm In the long run. The
owe OF home and the love Of country are in1lu-