davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
CLOSE OF BUsI-
y O'CLOCK p. VI. TO CLOSE
NESS. 3 O'CLOCK p "
FRIDAY, July 1O-P. y

IS usual after sudden decline in stocks, there
was to-day a reaction, but not equal TO the ground
lost yesterday The market opened somewhat be-
low the quotations prevailing at the close Last
night, and dropped OF from TO per cent IN the
early dealings; but further along took sharp up
ward turn. in which there an advance Of to 3
per cent. and still later there was slight down
ward reaction, the market closing barely steady.
Why IL these hot and slty days fancy stocks should
decline from ] 10 per cent one day and
advance nearly as much the next, is one of those
secrets which mo fellow can find out for a GER
tainty; 50 we can do more than repeat some Of
tbs causes alleged by those who think they know al
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

WOOL MARKET

PHrrApytPHrA Iny lOWoo sedy ed In flf eHand surpf
goo Ohio Peuusy aud I virginia Double Extra .nl ''s
I5.,c.: MeiGn 5-1J.c ,pars
York Mehgan Indiana Fine IS TjOcs Medium %
5lc Coarse VARIED 6c tOmbng urFasne fOci
Canals. Coubng GOr; Fine unwa-he 3jc c'sse all Neium
unwashet 80 43sc Tab Nashei 5OQ55c too-o ~aslc -
1ge Colorado unwashed 22d24c. Extra AMI Msrn0 pu.e1
4Oq+jc No and super pnei iO04jcs Texas Flne 49, Nc
iun IS 13Oc Cosse lS02c California Fine az he-sm'
3Od35c. Csiiornia. Coarse. % U3-c
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
RANKlNG AND FINANCIAL.

PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST ~ GOLD.
First Mortgage Bonds of the Vermont Division of
the Portland and Ogdensburgh Railroad Trunk
Limo with Traffic Guarantee OF Eastern Railroad
Company of Mass, for sale by
F,BRAvKs 4 Co.. FAmBANK=. Blows Il Co..
81 Broadway, y. Y. Nhlk-st., Boston.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
RuuRN-Bark kena.

Corn ~o'o'-
sr ASDEzTs n. D--Soboon-r Juhs Church -
n JoHs. n B-schoouer Hummng Bird
Co hes.bbs 900 Pork bb,. 100 Corn. bush 1000
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
COTTON MARKETS.

rwuEtNGrov July nnchAngi Miting lGe.
eep 81 bales stocs Si2 bales -erAJ 30 bales
exports. eoA.sw.. 500 bsea
HIcos Jgr IOos.oa os.ripg, usAs Lev llIns, Iiss,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

THE RATE OF INTEREST FOR MONEY IS always an
important subject to both borrower and lender An
able and suggestive ESSAY on TINS topic by Prol h.
b. Elliott Of the Treasury Department READ az the
Portland scientific Meeting is reported fully IN
TRIBUNE LECTURE EXTRA No 10. Price 10 cents.
Address The TRIBUNE. New Iork.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
The following shows the imports OF foreign uIJ
goods If the port of New-YOrk for the week ending

July 10. and since the beginning of the year:
For ne WfSs. l~7S a.. 80, go t.ae
Tlfowr on MARKET. IOj9l Gi lt2IO1S 1399.-VS
p Sfs yI bs s769tsos2 s653l47l9 s5-so2 29a
Thrown on market. 726JO553 6-Ot2,l64 6Sd3l1if
Messrs. II. c. Williams & Co.. bankers, No. AZ
Walst advertise to-day list of specialties, which
they buy and sell at market prices They deal also
in miscellaneous stocks and bonds. Giving partlcu-
lar attention as they do to bonds which are not on
the stock Exchange list. our readers Interested III
that class Of securities viii do well TO give them
call.
The earnings of the st. Paul Railroad Company
for the first week in July are reported at SlS'O0o'
for corresponding week OF last year. Sl9j 100 sho"
ing n decrease of Sl1.1OO
The following is the official return of the Union
IL. -.iIrnnd Cnu,nnnr. -rrnlic Drnlrtment:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

W. he following Mr. Ennei wss Weekly Hop Circular
,ts There moderate demand This ron hreFers
Of stock the ttt.enrg prospects Of te
thr
Newiork varying
-rou 0ccasouay oi VIII bring Doe CafOrans are
ra adrl.re them tte
prce someHha above other Hops an tis doioiss
with ready sale crop 4lyes
continue favorable Engani being he only exception
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

GOVERNMENT STOCK DEPARTMENT-lOl O'CLOCK
AND IL OCLOCKA. NJ,
T. 60 5Sl Registered $500 Z 5s ISL coupon 8, -
.lI5.S AOJo .....'.... e'IA'
-.5I R.g..rei I-G+ c Is. lO-40 Registered
1l ltG >.......hcI l47- 10000 be- liza
T. 5.ll tou1oU lS6- Z S Us. Currency 5000,
5000 .... ......l2 llG7 lOVoO'..'''''''' I-'--o4
10000 .............Oc. l4p'f
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
. are l0iA-AaIy gLcaan gel quote follows
Ners TrraA

The qnotaoni RAINING 10 q44nV 30
Eusp asii 4 rade below IuOe4
PRE,RSr DELIVERY.
Tonav Last t~Nusg. Total
ctrsrmru,r................... .D3 gg7 l4O5
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

ENgLAsD.
L5SD1v Juue p Our very sensitive state 5rve'
beng uucerla "he'hs 90 i1s',e le stocks or 9o, rp IT, rom
blight ahi 4. 'h4 ee 'SoNns up le y|a.s 'Ho, .' @
o oag T w '''' ''-1' '-'''-' ." -''' -
FMgrALS-Tl. m,rie, r Iugot still 'ery lue bu; firm
Iron si u tll r e absence % 's-s prices aye
@ =" aud aes8r y = 3 soa steadily he'd
@ bIe & or no ilSu.ry quoted At So 67s goa q
Domestic about % tons wee o at s euFre9ey r IN E very
& ~ ~ d5I Ls and eSneI At - Plates que,
changed hfgre, Other dull.
AlLLFRED-rhs market steady With moderate nQufy ne
40 sI7i 80 70 At sI.GslS ~ % at s-J@s-f Ivo at
MOLAssEs-RefaHg gacs are 10 limited 'up71 ,nd ne Ge.n
ior raot qae. there CONTINUED good sf AM ne m9f.e
steady -. laOie Clsl Ssa.T.sa 4Hs H. e ~ % N
Grocer ~ aee Porto deo iO9 ne bnE'n lsAiHe' az
NAVAL sTOREs-sgr,s Tup.nr steady With fair demand
sales Of 20 oD' 81 50 2 spot -oo Dds :, .ife a. 80 s'f
se $50 bbA IL 300 bbl' Common at - % 800 h1s
jul 81 70 Couniv - 80 Ptea quiet add
sonual on 'thsnEe quoted Al - 15Gs5 , 1919. gc.e-
rom aaa, Grade h vey grief At former aares
M-lhiaen irn1 'eL but ace. ~ 'sd''e lri I'm A.. a
500 private terms Other o are
PETRoLEuy-Cue ia bulk 3aIl .sl nomFal on ch,n.e;
quoted a. 100 Rnaea lower A4 ssf7 ias VI 80, ~ 70
PRIMARY marse, quel follow Oh cV qa;e At - 10
dull aoute iul -oc bid PafAeFs Oa''sa "Aefel a.
PaOvsIOSs-Tre pars rsr,st nui weak s as'
are 800 Lbs Il S9 i0aslg % fr utare delivery hear
- $50 hhls 18Th, at 80 5Oo bois DO -,er
J.ir Sl9. 30 bt. 80 10 Beet nHy cvr and ,rm
.s. - Sl3 Plain Ness %l5 for bIirA Mess
sl6dSl6 50 FOR Packet, Tercs Beet fus and Aei' bsei
HANS steady " % t5i AZ riSdf-- iof Soulhtr tal
better ssles u SOOO ,ce1 AZ 10 20
te Picked HAMS D. Il6 Tor Smoked lo l9 DC Tor
y-,sh d. 7lG7a fr Pesd Shoulders -g o smoked 1o &c
Brr, % toIes Gear bsihrs % ID
.veriee lU Bacon far demand sat Of l4O DoI
Lonx Gear. IU1lOs- Dressed Hogs higher and IN drihaI1
We quote At g-is for city Lli b. qqs' an tame aes Of
40 c civ. lua--. 80 No Il lOLrc 20 isa Nt"eh
llai % Choice White GTrAe IOl9i % ts western ~
Grade lie 'of failure hear ~ JOV ES st 'aY
"a: 1jutes Agglaf II a4c. 1000 icA, Sepsnlrr II ~
RiC EIlere Continued g1ol demand TOT EAngpoA Al previous
nr.e Other Ris quiet usrhiLget nes OF - eAs IMola
~ "a bl. loon 6Asac and Also Al A1rt0n
Utsi bags 10 bona - % avcFlgr prce Of &c 400
SOAP-tasle remains tt~al wh AMtd biIll sAes Z" -uV
boics dAr.fiI.-s % arrive - : s. gold. no., . .
sTEAElA steady. sth nsieae IsIAn1 sass OF -'u o' A.
- -. 'of Frme. Iu1 IJs Tor ssfi. o.. q,
-tGAES-lssr- ueae business transacted IN fA"
sugar tos tie steady a. previous hgnrs the sales
-flrar- LOO l GJoi Relnig cuba ~ 'sl- fc
t-nfuga bids AMI boxes Nos 10 10 Is S9e
.r sul No T. tre ~ kcnrri IS shade ,tronsef anu
good request q sLi1J.c for Son Yellow lUHlO3 tor DO
white iuasG 0 CrshtIi lie FOR P0sderel aud lo'tc ef
dflau quoted 'OioWs; Gguce-Fair 20 Cool ga
g3- Prme 20 tal-r s7A. huases-iihtA and botss .
7c Mei.aD ia1 jLr rouo iAeo Lshnhs 70 t'Ae
7a5sl GfvsT F..I CaJiee, otIos bfaiI u D. hos 70
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
And 49, fnllnwinr for 10 bank share:
the Treasury to-day $685. 900

There was received at the Treasury to-day So'oV"
in National bank notes for redemption. The Inter
nal Revenue receipts to-day were S357.O6O. and
5oo ooo yesterday The balances IN the United States
Treasury at the close of business to-day were:
pnn
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
We annex tie closing rates for foreign exchange:

Money has been in ample supply all dav, and the
borrowers on call loan paying ?. and per cent
for abundant accommodations. The demand for
mercantile paper was met at a.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

GOVERNMENT STOCK DEPARTMENT. O'clock p. NJ.
L S Is ISL. Coupon 5-2o Coupon 1857 ,
s.L
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

The Trustees of the Seamen's Bank Tor savings
have ordered that interest be paid depositors for the
six months ending Both Ult at the rate OF per cent
per annum on sums of $500 and under, and per
cent on sums exceeding 500, payable on and after
Monday, July 20.
The Great Western Marine Insurance company
has declared a cash dividend OF per cent payable
on aud after the 18th.
The Lorillard Fire Insurance Company has de
clared a semi-anuual dividend OF per cent pdyaDie
on demand
The Firrmens Fund Insurance Company which
seems 10 be doing a good business announces
semi-annual dividend of five per cent
The Philadelphia stock market is steady; Penn
sylvania Gs lO7.; Philadelphia and Erie Rail
road. 49,: Reading Railroad, So Pennsylvania
Railroad 49,. Gold. 1901.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
The bids for stocks at the close of the Board are
ronnr.uL Lr Massrs Mlliace X 90. as fnlloWs:

The London markets We're reported duh. and for
consols and American securities steady. Money Is
ID the same condition of heretofore reported
but the Bank of England lost GlJlO)D sterling with
drawn to-day on balance. The foreign exchange
market has been week and lower for actual sales
and for a lot Of flOOOJO, drawn on Messrs. Roths-
childs indorscd by the Bank of California, the
price noted was a little under 4.S6l. The nominal
rates are vet unchanged but bills are salable far
below. The gold market was not affected by new or
special considerations and all the sales were alter
uatelv at 1895 and 109, Loans cost for carrying l.
and ]! per cent. The Assistant Treasurer paid ont
S43OOO in coin interest, redeming $4,000 called
bonds The days business at the Gold Exchange
Bank covered Gold cleared, S28 4GSOOO; gold bal
ances. S94.oOO; currency balances, S1C94,6:7. The
following were the quotations for gold:
i0:30.i037s i3:Oj~.iOa7s l3o....los.- jOO..l 1899
lI:OD...IO3's I-:5O..lOJ's 2Ou....4v5's d4IO
The DAYS business at the L. 5. Treasury COM
prised:
- ca,,,, - ~, 3s- = Carrencv paints. sS3G4l3 10
io-5 ,.vr.nts SO -~t Ol j63796Of 80
4oa ia 562 u Customs -JJOOO W
Currency receipts. %,u5l.J5J %
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
ST LOris Jlf : l-1i
ITO HOLDERS of the Bonds Of the KANSAS
Il p lLLL NIXON LELl AALL

WAY COMPANY. Eastern Division.
The Drouoton. made funding e. have
beer accepted b bonihor Those aho lave received
detail xenents eine! mHluicae VISA ia M
iersi.ned proper information may De- furnished
nv 'orisr of The b and q. $ GREELEY So-rsttry.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11
10 the Eight Per Cent CONSTRUCTION

S4O, UUO CAGE ctotP5S boSD,. j. 500 $40 q;
600 June December ull0lOtsd
security. Tor sALE AZ % AMI interest lY
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-07-11

HOPS-Ih-re moderate inquiry cheiy ION brewers a.
bou. previous Prices. We quote ls .ol'vss:
The Caucasian. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1874-1875, 1874-12-19

A ND at as low prices as the work can
q be done for in the City Of
The Caucasian. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1874-1875, 1874-12-19
THE SUN .
WEEKLY AND DAILY FOR 1875.

THE APPROACH Of the Presidential
Election q YES unusual Importance to the
events and developments of 1875 We
shall endeavor to describe them fully,
faithfully, and fearlessly.
THE WEEKLY SUN has now attained
a circulation Of over seventy Thousand
copies. Its readers are found in every
State and Territory, and its Quality is well
known to the public. We shall not only
cndeavor to keep it fully up to the old
standard. but to improve and add to it's
variety and power.
THE WEEKLY SUN will ,continne to
be a thorough newspaper. All the news
of the day will be found in it, condensed
when uninportant, ut fwl! length when Of
moment, and always, We trust, treated In
= u clear, interesting and instructive manner
1t is our aim to make the WEEKLY
SUN the best family newspaper in the
world. 1t will be full Of entertaining and
appropriate reading Of every sort. but will
print nothing to offend the most sc, upr-
lous and delicate taste. 1t will always
contain the most interesting stories and
romances Of the day, carefully selected
and legibly printed.
The Agricultural Department is a prom
inent feature in the WEEKLY SUN, and
its articles will always be found fresh aud
useful to the farmer.
The number of men Independent in pol
itics is increasing, and the WEEKLY sun
is their paper especially. It belongs to
no party, and obeys no dictation, contend
ing for principle, and for the election Of
the best men. 1t exposes the corruption
that disgraces the country and threatens
the overthrow of republican institutions.
1t has no fear of knayes, and seeks no IA
vors from their supporters.
The markets Of every kind and the fash
ions are regularly reported in its columns.
The price Of the WEEKLY SUN is one
dollar Il year for Il sheet Of eight pages, and
tifty-six columns AS this barely pays the
expenses Of naper aud printing, We are
not able to nake any discount or allow
any presu.';an to friends who may make
Specia. .i.oljs to extend its circulation.
Under - new law, which requires pay
ment OF postage in advance, one dollar a
year. with twenty cents the cost Of pre-
paid postage added, is the rate Of subscrip-
ton 1t is not necessary to get up a club
in order to have the WEEKLY SUN at
this rate. Any one who sends one dollar
and twenty cents will Get the paper, post
paid, for year.
We have no travelling agents.
THE WEEKLY sUN.-Eight pages, ff-
ty-six columns Only $l.20 a year. postage
prepaid. No discounts from this rate.
THE DAILY SUN.--A large four-page
newspaper of twenty eight columns Dali
~ circulation over 100000. All the news
for 2 cents. Subscription, postage pre-
paid IS cents a month, or $3.50 a year To
clubs of 10 or over, a discount of 20 per
cent. Address,
n. Y. SUN.
New York City.
Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1873-1877, 1874-09-16

Srcc1s. The market yesterday 1lo:n-
ing was strong, aud several Of the lead
ing stocks advanced. Gould & Curry
rose 81 Per share. Con. Virginia ST,
Hale q horcross 81 -, CholLar 81 So,
California s.: IS, Savage s. %, Kentuck
q little. Crown Point, Imperial, Empire
Mill. Belcher aud CyeInnn each declined
loss than dollar.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1874-04-03
The Virginia senate passed a bill an

The Virginia senate passed bill ap-
proPriating S15, 900 for the purpose of eneour-
aging actual land purchasers and settlers to
come to Virginia. The board Of immigration
viii have authority to send three commission
ers to Europe, two or three to be natives Of
Europe now residents in Virginia.
The committee on elections have fin
ished examination of the case of Pinchback
against Sheridan, for a seat from Louisiana.
md it is understood will report next week
| that the record evidence on which both claim
ants rest their respective cases has not ena-
| bled the committee to decide between them
It is reported that the dead body
found in the road near Independence, No, a
few days ago, was that of Albert Pinkerton, q
detective who had been trailing the robbers of
the Iron Mountain train at Gads Hill in Jan
uary last. He is supposed to have been killed
by the Younger or James Brothers, or some of
their friends living in Clay county.
The Farragut prize money is to be
paid without further delay, tie prize list hav-
ing been forwarded to the fourth auditor. The
total amount of prize money proper is $780,,
600, and 5000 900 additional bounty for the
destruction OF confederate vessels. The num-
Der of United States ships taking part in the
engagements is forty-four, and the number of
officers and men sharing in the prize awards
is between twenty-five hundred and three
thousand. The Farragut estate will receive
one-twentieth Of the whole amount, or absut
$35, 600. The three division commanders will
receive one-fifteenth each, and all the other
officers in proportion.
The naval drill at Key West is over.
1,a I
ate dispersion of the fleet. Admiral Case will
transfer his flag from ithe Wabash to the
Franklin. The Wyoming and Wachusett will
exchange crews. The Shenandoah and Ticon-
deroga are ordered to New York, the Wyoming
to Washington, and the Wabash to Boston.
Admiral Case will proceed to the European
station with the Franklin, Junata, Alaska and
Congress. The Lancaster is to return to Bra
I'll as soon as ready, and the crews of all
hOmeward bound vessels except the Ticonder-
oga are to be discharged.
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1874-04-03
Rhymes of the WOman's Crusade.

The woman's movement has brought
out the poets. There is one specimen
which concludes
When this whisky war is over,
Wen all get drunk again.
The Brooklyn Argus mans attempt is
in this way :
OhIo's ransom speeds npaCe-
Is daily growing sUrer.
Since Womans dulCet voice essayed
The praise of Aqua Pura.
Proud state! plying nation prays
For some assuring token;
Thy nose bleached to its native hue
Thy whisky vessels broken.
Rev. Thomas K. Beecher thinks that
religion suffers about as much as the
liquor business by the sidewalk prayer
meetings. The specially bad feat
ure, says Mr.. Beecher, " is the prosti-
tuition of prayer; making of it a side
walk pastime." And then he asks how
the following would do as an additional
stanza to Montgomery hymn:
Prayer is the Buckeye woman's dodge
To stop the Tum-shop-door,
They hear her prayer and run away,
And never drink no more.
The Courier-Journal sings: "-Oh,
woman in our hours of ease, you
know we'll do whate'er you please /;
we'll promise to renounce the sin of
Bourbon, brandy, rum and gin. and go
so far as to refrain Except when temp
ted from champagne but have
some mercy, do, my dear, and leave,
oh leave US lager beer"
What will not q woman do, says a
Brooklyn paper, for the man she loves ?
Her hand was the first to reach and drag
The bottle from the shelf
1T is your curse dear John, " she said,
And drank it up herself.
This from the Commercial Advertiser,
New York
There was a refOImer named Lewis
Christened Dio (ny narrative true is),
Who led a crusade,
Providing folks paid
Fifty dollars to : see }" Dio Lewis.
Another MARBLES
saw the tear drop on her nose,
P,isniatic glories shed;
saw the bow of anguish bend
Ger her curl-tangled head.
saw the conflict of her soul
The pain that wrung her brow;
"Take back the bottle, John, T" che sobbed,
L cannot smash it now"
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1874-04-03
WELCOmE 10 RoYALTY.
BY TENNYSON.

The son Of him with whom we strove for power
Whose will is lord thro' all his worId-domain-
Who made the serf man, and burst his chain
Has given our prince his own imperial flower,
AlexandroWna
And welcome, Russian flower, a peopIe's pride
To Britain, when her flowers begin to blow!
From mother to mother, stately bride,
Marie AlexandrOWna.
The golden news along the steppes is blown,
And at thy name the Tarter tents are stirred;
EIburz and all the Caucasus have heard;
And al the sultry palms of India known,
Alexandrowna.
The voices of our universal sea
On capes of Afric as on cliffs of Kent,
The Maoris and that isle of continent,
And loyal pines of Canada murnur thee,
Marie Alexandrowna!
Fair empires branching, both in lusty life =
Yet Harolds England fell to Norman swords;
Yet thine own land has how'd to Tartar hordes
Since English Harold gave its throne wife,
AlexandrOwna!
For thrones and peoples are waits that swing,
And float or fall, in endless ebb and flow;
But who love best have best the grace to know
That love by right divine is deathless king.
Marie AlexandrOwna
And Love has led thee to the stranger land,
Where men are bold and strongly say their say
See, emPiIre. pr .Il upon empire smiles to-day,
Alexandrowna!
So now the fuller life is in the west,
Whose hand at home was gracious to thy poor;
Thy name was blest within the narrow door
Here also, Marie, shall thy name be bIest,
Marie Ale1androWna!
v.
Shall fears and jealous hatreds flame again?
Or at thy coming, princess, everywhere,
The blue heaven break, and some diviner air
Breathe thro' the world and change the hearts of
men,
AIexandrowna?
But hearts that change not love that not cease
And peace be yours, the peace of soul in soul !
And howsoever this wild world may roll,
Between your peoples truth and manfUl peace,
Alfred-Alexandrewna
The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1874-04-03
Murder Of the Innoeents.

Professor Chandler, in a recent lee
ture IN New York on health and health
laws, went into a comprehensive expla-
nation of the duration of human life,
and the causes leading to the premature
cessation of life through the want of a
proper supply of air and water. Even
under the most favorable circumstances
the organism wears out. If it is used
it should last, on an average, three score
and ten years, but it does not. DIR.
Playfair, as shown in the statistics of
Liverpool, found in the case of the gen.
try-the best fed, clothed and housed
that the average duration of life was
fOrty-three years; in the cases of the
tradesmen, nineteen years and labor
ers, sixteen, the average being only
twenty years. That is, the human or
ganism is 50 poorly protected against
causes of death that it averages to sus-
tain itself only twenty years. In study
ing sanitary questions, one Of the first
points is to get at the facts, and for this
reason what are called vital statistics
are carefully collected, calculated and
studied, in order to ascertain the facts
connected with death and disease.
In 1882 the number of deaths in New
York was over 80, 900 In a population OF
1000, 600, or; as it is techically spoken
of, 80 per cent. IN the thousand. 1t is
important TO know how this death rate
IS distributed among the ages, as 1t IS
the first point in determining how TO
prevent death, and we find to our horror
that nearly-one half the deaths are Of
children less than five years old, show
ing that the causes leading to this great
death rate are dependent not so much
on the action of persons themselves as
of those who should care for them.
Between the ages of five and twenty
124 per cent. more die, so that before
reaching manhood 81 per cent. OF our
population dies. For the remaining
period it is distributed more equally
from twenty to twenty-five about per
cent. from twenty-five to thirty, per
cent. from thirty to thirty-hye, ABOUT
per cent. from thirty-fiye 70 ioriy,
a little over 4 per cent. from forty TO
forty-five, a little less than per cent.
forty-five to fifty, 8 per cent. from tif-
ty to fifty-fiye, the percentage is 2
from ffty-five TO sixty, q from sixty
70 seventy, about 2 and srom seventy
TO seventy-five, a little over per ce=t.
Then the number falls Off In fact, aii
but 3 per cent. die before they reach
the age of three score and ten. While
the mortality in New York is 80 In ] 600,
we have reason TO believe that under
favorable circumstances the inevitable
mortality should not be more than II
in 1000; that the mortality is nearly
double what it might be If everything
We could do were done to diminish it.