The Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1868-1895, 1874-06-23

expense IMAM now, ana WOulu De aDle 10 pay
more.
10th. Larger lots can be disposed of TO
dealers to a better advantage than small
ones. They could not he induced to travel
from New York, or Philadelphia, or any
distant market, to buy one dairy of butter,
but would come by the dozens to such a
depot.
The sun should never be allowed to shine
| on butter or package containing butter.
More butter is injured from the farm house
to the village store and in transportation by
careless, unthinking or willful parties. than
from all other causes combined. The farm
or has an easy and effectual remedy, an old
umbrella for shade, green grass or wet
fianness or any other substitute whereby a
rapid evaporation can be effected for the
cooling arrangement, and you can carry
your butter tor miles to market in good con-
markets, it is TO be hoped that no efforts
will be spared by the different lines, nor as
far as science, money and proper attention
to the subject is concerned omitted by them,
for while the farmers prosper they will, aud
they cannot long prosper unless the farmer
your own prosperity and the prosperity OF
the nation is in your keeping. IL you take
the proper view of your position in society,
act TO the full measure of the knowledge
within your reach, success shall attend you.
Upon your success depends that of every
*,
On YOU, as foundation, they will build. With
in you, among you, and of you, they are.
Without you. their glory and power depart.
It is for you to make others serve, that you
in turn may serve. Finally, in the name of
the whole country and each individual
member of this association, and personally
in my own name, as an humble one of that
number, permit me to tender to the ''press''
many thanks for their efficient services, so
freely given.
EVENING SESSION.
ADDRESS OF MIR. y. A. WILLARD.
The convention met at o'clock, and after
a few preliminaries, the principal exercise
was introduced. Mr.. Willard spoke as fol-
lows: During the last ten years there has
been great activity of mind in the direction
of dairy manufacturs. n most remarka-
BILE spirit of investigation and inquiry has
been awakened among the cheese and but
ter makers of America, in handling milk
and in manufacturing dairy goods, spirit
beyond parallel in any former age of the
the world. What mean these large assemblies
of men in various states and Canada? Sim
ply that dairy manufacturers have
emerged from the oldt slough that has for
ages held down the agriculturists as a
class. They have learned better way, and
are not content with following blipdly set
of rules without knowing the reason for
them. Our dairy conventions are doing
more for progressive agriculture than the
whole race OF farmers following other
branches. They have given impetus to
agricultural thought which is beginning to
be felt. Men in all the learned professions
are now atteE tive listeners at our conven-
lions. Another feature of great Importance
is the moulding OF public taste 10 a better
appreciation OF agricultural pursuits.
their energies to these problems
But while the cheese and butter makers
have made great progress, the milk produ-
GERS have not made prOpOrtiOnate advance.
ment, and they have complained, wi. h some
reason, that the discussions have been too
much devoted TO the manufacture rather
than the production of milk. i haN @ thought
IL best on this occasion to devote some time
to the discussion of milk production. The
butter interest of the country has assumed
immense proportions. L estimate the an
nual butter product of the United States at
700, 900 900 pounds. In 1850 it was q little
over 3l3 00O,O00 pounds. Ten years later
it had reached nearly 00,000,Gv0 pounds,
the annual increase being about 20 600 900
pounds. In 1880, if our population increases
at the same ratio as during the las decade
we shall need 900 600, 600 pounds t. supply
the In the l. nlleO STATES alone. Our
people are excessive butter eaters and there
is no product which offers better remunera-
ton for extra care in its production. In
New York and other eastern cities extreme
fancy butter is sometimes sold as high as a
dollar pound, and upward. Suppose we
put the whole product, good and bad. at an
average of fifteen cents a pound, this would
amount to sos. 100000. AT 20 cents it
would be one hundred and forty million dol
lars, or thirty-hye million dollars
gain by an improvement OF five cents on the
pound. At % cents, the product would be
worth 5000. 600; at 30 cents, $40 600. 900,
40 cents, $3.50. 000, coo, and at 80 cents, $780,
100000. Is this point not attsinable? leel.cer-
tain that the assumption is within the bounds
OF probabilities, and if correct, the gain TO
the butter interest alone would be S2i5 000,-
600. Any improvement then in butter manu-
facture must be public benetaction. 1t adds
to the wealth of individuals and of the
nation. The great difficulty in the way of
success is the
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE.
One of the most important questions to be
understood is the production of milk and
its proper condition for manufacture. 1t is
impossible to advance much further in the
production of fine dairy goods without an
improvement in the raw material. And
there are some well established general prin-
ciples in regard to this. The fact is proved
beyond doubt that the milk of
cows affected only in a slight degree
with certain ailments have caused disease
and death to animals and to persons partak-
ing of their milk. Again, fevers have been
transmitted to healthy persons from the
milk of healthy cows when the milking has
been done by nurses of sick people. Diseases
have been traced to the use of impure water
in cleaning the dairy utensils. These facts
have been proved. Is it rot time to bring
them squarely before the dsirymen? Is II
not right that such milk be rigidly excluded
from that which is used for human con-
sumption? Farmers should be careful, as a
duty, to weed out of their herds all weak or
sickly disposed cows, and no mixer
should be tolerated who does not
FIRST wash his hands thoroughly
with soap and water, especially in families
where any kind ofsickness prevails. In the
production of milk think some points may
be consider as settled-first thai good grass
IL tho natural food for milch COWS and