New-York tribune., 1874-05-21

Of adopting some which will bring speedy r,,,.,
The Senate Committee believe that tho problem Of
cheap transportation must be solved through oompal
ton rather than by direct Congressional OF IN.
present lines. ana that competition TO main
tam cheap transportation must embrace two essential
conditions 1t must controlled by power with which
combination Is impossible: 1t must operate through
oneaprr anu more ample channels Of commerce than
Tne only means of securing and maintaining trust
worthy ana elective competition between railways IL
more lines which, being unable to into conDina-
tons VIII serve as regulators Of other lInes" 1.-Two
parallel lines between 400 and 500 miles apart with the
Mississippi River IN tho center, extended from lh,
CUR u the Canadian boundary, they viii embrace thu
tho world short canal will connect ,hs ,hs
Mississippi with the lakes A comparatively small sum
will open these routes for threequarters OF the year
The Senate Committee believe the most advan tageous
channels OF commerce to D. created and improved
lines by the lakes central line by tho Ohio. and
through Virginia To Rchmo mond, the southeastern rous
by the Tennessee, through Alabama ana Georgia tho
Anthony to the Gulf OF Mexico The northern line will
open navIgape way through the lakes, the 81. Law.
renee, the Weland, Erie and Caughnawaga ana Cham
plain Canals. and the Hudson River TO New York Tho
other lines Will open the Ohio and Tennessee Rivers
their head waters, and thence connect by canals
freight railways with the ocean at Richmond
or Sayannah. There Is no doubt that freight can Do
seasons of the year than any other way. but the
rivers OF this country do nos Ia the natural chan
closed by Ice four i've mouths OF each year.
Such ntermittent channels do not meet the require
sissppi and northern route. especially II they
made nayiga0le for the sum estimated by tso Senate
Committee, 100000, must be apparent to oil.
The committee further propose 10 supplement thess
main routes by the improvement OF the Ohio and Fen.
Rivers and the construction OF canals reight
railways to the at or near Richmond or savannah
cost OF s9o,cCoOoo for canals, or sSoo0ocO Tor ra
ESTIMATED FREIGHT CHARGES.
It's estimated that freight and charges from Cairo
to Richmond or Savannah will be 20 40 cents pes
busheI, and from tho Mississippi To NewYork, by the
Northern route, % cents per bushcl; and from tho
Valley OF the Mississippi 10 NewO Orleans, Ia cents Q
bushel. The House Committee agrees with tho
Senate that large appropriations are necessary but do
believe that canals adopted 70 the present ants
Canals or railways to Richmond or Savannah viii run
the lines OF travel for cotton and are south OF tue
followed By grain. These places have neither tha
transport 1t to lrope New-YOrk 10 tlo great center
OF all foreign commerce. Nowhere else eau
the lowest freignts be relied upon a ready mar
ket for all produce offered for sale Inc House Commit
recommend d0ubletrack freight railway irom tue
Mississippi RIVER to New-forH' WIN ortncheS 70
CncagO and st. LOUIS and Ghat government ala sna 10
gwen by ndorslns n2 pohds od S CTnpa"5 i1r y. Ins
70 be liked and incorporated INTO the cn"fIos. s.
The Senate Committee report iayoraoy on tnls
paD ana 10 Is difficult TO understand why they gave
the preference to the Richmond route The cost OF he
canal ana slack water navigation they estimate az
railway, and the freight charges will be nearly 10 per
cent less by the latter WIN saVlng Oh IRON Two 70
neTs, 4ST,s Tsek' be closed Wse the cana will be
frozen at least one month In each year:
The benefits that Will result from the opening or
such roa al whole country can scarcely DO over
estimated. Tho cost of transporting gram frou tho
West will be reduced onehaf, winch wl 10 eqIal 70
SAVING OF si7OOO.oo0 on tno product Of loi2 TINS
reduction WA enable US TO c9Dpyso witl
y1,' nya ior market c" Tor all our surplus Is twl1i
reduce the price OF breadstus TO every consumer In the
East and IN equal railo the iregnt on neTghahdse
aud manufactures consumers IN tine West We admit
the mcxpediency Of Government undertaking that
which can be performed by private enterp1e, 0as we
believe tei is tho only way IN when Tue ueeded
relief can DO obtained