New-York tribune., 1874-12-02

stuff Is washed and immersed for four 10 SIX hours
in warm cold bath Of s. TO ~ pounds OF chloride
| water and then washed. Another process CONSISTS
in employing a chlorine BATH containing excess OF
slkali prepared by the incomplete saturaion OF lyo
with chlorine or by tho decomposition Of chloride
of lime by excess OF alkaline carbonato foI lihen
hemp and cotton tho excess OF alkal should be per
cent for ue and other substances that are dlicult
| to bleach 25 per cent. varying with tho temperature
which should not exceed l23o, tho lower tcmpera-
| turoS requiring more aika
Tnr CoroR OF DIAMoNDs.-Flight and Maskelyno
| have latcly made some curious observations upon
colored diamonds IL has for some time been known
that the tnts Of these stones either destroyed or
modified by heating. tho change being sometimes
| temporary, sometimes permanent In the present
| case two yolowish diamonds from the Cape of Good
Hope were strongly heated in atmosphere OF hydro
gen in porcelain tube. for about two hours. Upon
cooling, the color Of the stones was found TO have
vanished. but returned after exposure for only ie"
| minutes to difused light In ono instance dia.
mond which had been decOlorized by heat was kept
in the dark for three DAYS aud remained coloress;
| light again brought back its yeOwish hue. These
| facts appear to stand in some relation ~ pheDom-
| ena Of phosphorescence.
| WIND PREssUREs IN THE HUMAN CHEsr-lhe
new Phys Society of London seems to have ex-
tended its attention to the dYnamics of physiolog
! ical phenomena, Dr. Stone having recently READ
| paper before it wind pressures In tne hu"a"
| chest during performance on wind Instruments
The authors object was to ascertain, hrst rhat "as
| tho extreme hight Of q column OF water "ii0h
could be supported by the muscular act Oh e.Pi,@
ton tansusssd by the lips This was ana dona pres
| about siY feet. Second, what was tao ao'u 10
sure corresponding TO the fan PfouucIion, II ,yas
on each of tho principal wlnd nisIhmonu9 o,t. tbe
| {npnd that with the majority OF lnstruhe',t' IL H.
nrcssnre required for the high notes Is conniio nI
sreater than that required for the 10y hosD TLa
| cIaIionet is an exception to the rule.
prv,s,oy OF TIE SUB-ORDEA TUEPCE.-A re-
vision of the sub-order IWiipcg, by D. G BAKER has
recently appeared in The journal Of the h"Hem So
c;ety of interest TO American b,tansSs THIS group
of six genera and 10 species il confined 20 the norln
temperate zone, having It's largest dcycloPmen: IN
Eastern Asia. but ranging largely on tho one sdo to
Europo and on tho other to California and the
Rocky Mountains. Tho tulip is the only genus not
rcrrcspntcd in America the lily extending across
tho Continent and the fntlllafV Bnpplng SNORT ~
the Rocky Mountains. On the other hdhd' tne cai''
| chmtns numbering twestY specIes or more, ID
limited to our more Western lerritOues. VI ENC
baf-dozeu orythroniums one is restricted 10 te old
| world the rest 10 the new II ~ slnRnlar thit q
sprcirs In tho smallest genus LOydiI ser0bHd Should
be the ono most widely distributed OF all VIC my
tbe and the only that IS really arctic Vi alpine
PrprrTcAT1oy or UYDRO-CARBoNs EMPLOYED IN
Dry OR CHEMICAL CLEANING.-Dr. Vohl OF Cologne
contends that the publication Of benzole &c., that
| has been employed for cleaning garments with SUI
phuric acid is not to be recommen ended since sui
phurous acid is formed By the action OF the organic
matter and this is taken up by the hydrO-carbOn,
and may inure the color and the fiber OF linen
and cotton, its subsequent use, unless 1t Is re-
moved by an alkalI. B,slcs, an akali. or alkaline
carbonate is the propar reag2nt for the renoyal OF
OF the fatty acids thai form portion OF the mputI-
| ties removed from the garments. lie suggests
therefore treatment Of the impure liquid first win
| dilute soda solution, and then GiStlllauon Win
| steam in peculiarly constructed apparatus when
, | he describes which acts continuously, and WIN
Which from 2OOO t. $3.50 quarts can be purified n
| II hours, dependent the boiling point OF the
hy(ro-carbon. The distillatc Is de5iccated.
A STRIKING SUS-DTN---A sun-dal that strikes
tbe bours has lately been invented and constructed
by the Abb6 Allegret II is simply modification OF
what is known as the solar counter for registering
the times at which the sun shines or is obscured
To effect this there are two balls black and the
other yellow fixed at opposite ends of lever, sus-
tanned by a central pivot When the sun shines the
black ball absorbs more heat than the yellow one
and the vapor of liquid contained in the former ls
elevated to a higher temperature than in the latter
As the result the vapor leaves the one ball. aud being
condensed in the other this becomes the heavier dis
turbs the equilibrium of the system. and IN 80 doing
liberatcs n weight giving motion 70 clock-WOr<
attachment. In the sun-dI here referred 10 par
of these balls is fixed at every hour mark. When
the shadow Of the gnomon reaches any particular
honr mark one of fhe balls is shaded, a pTep0hder-
ance of liquid enters the ball, the lever tits, the
mechanism is set going, and gong sounded as many
| times rs the number of tue hour TO be Indicated
II is necessary, however, that the sun sho1ld SHINE
at the time Of the hour mark being passed by the
shadow, the time will not be struck
; | GREER BRONZE FOR IRON.-A most beautiful and
permanent green bronze coating may be impaired
to cast and wrought iron, sheet ron wire, &C., ac-
cording to Paul Weiskopf by solution of ono part
of synate Of silver in 20 parts of oil of Lavender
The surface to be bronzed must be well cleaned mot
necessarily polishedl and dried and then lightly
coated with the liquid by means of a hair pencil
and warmed rapidly up to 1922 tho proper tcmpera-
ture being readily recognized BY the uniform. brill
liant intense green color of all porpns. Designs.
in bronze may be produced by substituting Venetian
turpentinc, or solution of colophony in oil of lay
ender for portion of the oil of lavender, by rub
bng the dry sylinatc of silver with the resin and
adding oil of lavender to the consistency OF ordinary
, paint Iron articles thus bronZed may be subse-
! quently electrically coated with copper and the
latter will not be deposited on the bronzed places.
Articles of copper, brass. &C., coated with the above
solution and heated to about iS2', become covered
with gray, dull film of silver, of a reddish cast,
which is not permanent but after being varnished,
presents appearance similar to tue so-cailed oxi-
a died metals.
UTILIZATION OF LEATHER WAsrE.-While numer-
processes utlllZlnB tno III inc
ture of leather in successful operation,
there has been a comparatively open field re-
specting leather waste. At the Vienna Exhibi-
, ton leather was shown, suitable for heels,
toe-caps. and inner solcs, prepared from leather
clippings, according to O French method by
simply mixing them witt! some adhesive substance,
forming the into rectangular plates top of
, each other. subecting them to hydraulic pressure
and then drying and rolling them. This article was