davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
b@. A cable dispatch of Yesterday j

n6' A cable dispatch Of yesterday informs
US that the Spanish army in Cuba is to be
heavily reinforced, and the war against the
patr ITS is to be renewed with vigor that will
put an end to all armed opposition to Spanish
authority over the "Qneen Of the Antilles"
This promise Of "quickly stamping out the
rebellion in the island of Cuba" has been
made by Spain so often before this, that we
have come to understand just what the re-
suit of this renewed effort to put down the
patriots will be. More inhuman butcheries
and another Spanish army blotted out by the
sword and disease, and the patriots left in
possession of the same strongholds, will be
added to the history of this unfortunate
island. We have come to hope for no peace
in Cuba until Its independence is acknowl-
edged, or until it shall come under the folds
of the stars and stripes.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

against their best interests. Yet such is the
spectacle presented by the White Leagues Of
theSouth do not seem to comprehend the
extent of the injury that will be done to that
section should the policy forsshadowed by
the White Leagues be fully inaugurated. A
mere novice in political economy could not
fail in making an estimate Of the value Of any
section depleted Of its laborers. We hope
to see an awakening, not only to the dictates
of Justice, but to a selfshness that will ena-
BILE the people Of the South to see an feel
what is true-ie. that their interests demand
that the negro laborer shall be treated and
considered as an ally in the accum ulation Of
wealth and the promotion of prosperity.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
The Starry FIrmament.

One of our exchanges, in some specula-
ton on the mysteries Of the heavens, sug-
gested by the appearance Of COggia's comet,
or the inconceivable distance it must travel
when it has only become visible from the
earth once since the creation, presents some
facts that well may excite the wonder o.
those who have not made the mechanism of
the heavens a study. lie states the fact
that less than a century ago Saturn was
supposed to be the outlying or most distant
planet of our system, and its orbit the limit
Of the SUMS material influence. This limit
ed us to boundary line about $50, 900
Of miles from the sun and only a little be-
yond this were supposed to be the stars,
stationary and specifically distributed. Such
a map of the heavens was short-lived, how
ever. The discovery of Uranus and Nep-
tune extended to the outside fence, so to
speak, of our system, to 1862, 100000 of
miles from its centre and further discoveries
showed the influence of the sun to keep COM
cts, such as that Of 1871 for instance, per-
manently within our system, while permitting
them to travel to distance of &c, 600 ,00O, 600
of miles.
Such vast, such incomprehensible distances
as that, led to a more eager investigation
into the distances Of the fixed stars, and
that into the grand perfection of the theory
of parallaXes--a theory which permits us,
by using the diameter of the earth's orbit "a
line lS4, 000, 900 of miles long, as the base OF
triangle, and the fixed star as its apex, to
observe the stars change of position when
we are at different ends of our base line, and
thus, by triangulatiOn, determine its distance.
But 10 when we came to examine the stars
there were none so near as to show, even
with our enormous base line, parallax
greater than one second-a change of position
no greater than the apparent breadth Of a
single hair at distance Of seventy-fve feet
from the eye. And from this trifing paral.
lax we have discovered, very accurately, the
distances Of about twenty stars. Alpha, in
the Centaur, is the nearest to us, only 81 >.
900 900 ,OOO, 900 of miles off. The star 81
Cvgni' is the next, a neighborly fellow, dis.
tant 81 1000, 900 100000 of miles. Sirius is
80 trillions of miles away I; the Pole Star
292 trilions, and Capella, the farthest we
can measure, is 425 trillions. We are now
looking at Capella as she appeared seventy.
two years ago-it takes that time for hel
| light TO come to us.
From these immense, inconceivable dis.
tances, the mind recoils it can not form
even an idea Of an idea of them. What
shall we say then of the story of the paral'
lax which reveals to US that some Of the
Milky Way, of which we are member, are
so far off that their light travelling at lS5, 0OC
of miles per second, takes $4,000 years 10
reach us? And what of the distance Of
nebule that must have been in existence
100000 Of years before their light could
get here? 1t occurs to us that this last is
about far enough for one days journey.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

ancc among that group of boys, and on that
historic ground, was a sign that West Point
was to be put to the test in the matter of fair
play and good manners, two eminently char
acteristc traits Of the true soldier. Nearly
every other association had been on trial,
and had shamefully failed. Would West
Point abide the test? That was the question.
We are sorry to say that West Point has
failed. No sooner had Cadet Smith shown
his dusky face on the hill than the callow
youths of the institution, aping older but
wiser men, began systematic course OF
sights and insults towards him. lie was left
alone. There were no greetings, no sympa-
thy, no assistance such as fellow students are
in the habit OF extending towards others.
Even in artillery exercises, where it was Gus
tomary for each cadet to hel p his neghbor to
mount his horse, Smith was permitted to shift
for himself This treatment was at first re-
sented. The outraged cadet showed spirit
that would have excited the admiration OF
real soldiers, if there had been any of that
class about him. He was the subject of an
investigation of some kind, and, principally
through the operation of public sentiment as
manifested in the press, he was let off with
a mild rebuke. Again he returned not to
his associates, for he had none ; but to his
duties and studies. The discipline of years
udu gwen HUI tic idStcIf VI
He had learned to receive insults, sneers and
ostentatious neglect without an outbreak OF
passion. And now, after all this effort, he
is dismissed for failure in his studies. 1t is
no disgrace to him. How many white boys
would have succeeded under such circums tan.
ces 4: We do not impeach the honor of the
Professors, though we believe if their infu.
ence had been what it should have been, the
unutterable meanness of the cadets might
have been modified. But there is digrace
and failure at West Point. SOldierly honor
courtesy, and justice, so far as the cadets
have pursued the obnoxious course we have
pointed out are concerned, are myths. They
are low, coarse. brutal fellows, undeservina
the name of gentlemen. He who dare moi
treat a member of despised class consider
ately and kindly, who lacks the courage tC
defend the weak and oppressed in the face o.
sneers and sarcasm, is coward, upon whom
no dependence can be placed in the great
crisis of life.
We trust for the honor of the army that
there have been some honorable and worthy
exceptions among the young men we have
spoken of, though it is not yet apparent who
they are.
AS for the dismissed cadet, it may be that
he was incompetent and sometimes cOntuma
cions. We do not undertake to say that he
should have been passed. With that we have
nothing to do. 1t is the conduct of those
who should have been his associates anC
helpers that we censure. Nothing can eX'
cuse that.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
Period ic0lS.

There is much in an artistic way in the
August Aldine which will delight all lovers
of the beautiful. Nothing more graceful and
charming has ever been seen in an American
magazine than the full-page picture called
"The Village Beauty" drawn and engraved
by the eminent French Artist, c. Metals.
The flowers and shrubbery by which she is
surrounded, the naturalness of the drapery
in which she is clothed, the rustic path she
treads, the innocent expression of her face,
all combine to make rare and lovely pic
ture. This work has been engraved in a
delicate and exquisite style representing
bank-note engravings.
Mr.. ]. D. Woodward contributes series
of grand and bold pictures of the Palisades
of the Hudson, some of the most striking
scenery in America. The fqll-page picture
of 'The Pinnacles of the Palisades" is mas
sive and solid in appearance, and will give
the reader a new idea Of these towers of
stone.
Two large pictures, contributed by Peter
Moran, called 1.-THE Shady Lane" and "The
Sunny Slope" are sure to arrest the atten-
ton and please the eye, since they represent
pastoral scenes with which all Americans are
familiar. The cattle and sheep in the woods
or seeking the brookside for water, are true
to life and full Of the spirit of summer time.
A picture, full-page, remarkable for its
light and shade, its rich foliage and deep,
clear waters, is from the pencil Of Kruseman
van Elten, and is view of the Esopus creek,
near Kingston, NY
The other illustrations in this number con.
sist Of three fine views of Westminster Alb
hey, a portrait of Augustin DAILY, and "The
Breakfast" by Epp, German artist.
The literary contents of the August mum.
Der consists of seventeen articles, all origin
al, and all replete with interest. Joseph
Watson writes Of "William Hogarth "
Fanny Roper Feudge has an article on
"White Elephants;" Eugene Foa relates an
interesting incident In the life Of Ludwig
Won Beethoven - Mrs. NJ. E. w. Sherwood
has story called my Only Ghost;" J. C.
Stockbridge has an essay called Memories
of Fiesole," and Mrs. E. W. winthrop, sis
ter of the lamented Theodore Winthrop, has
an article on american English and English
English" DR.. Fuller-Walker has second
article on Westminster Abbey. The poems
are numerous and the many editorial articles
are of the usual merit and interest.
Subscription price IS, including chromos,
'The East" and 1.-THE West" James Sut-
ton & Co., Publishers, SO Maiden Lane, New
York City.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
THE REPUBLICAN ENEMIES OF
CIVIL RIGHTS.

The following are the names OF
the Republican members of the
House of Representatives who
voted against the Civil Rights Bill,
Oh June 90, 1874: RoDERICK r.
BUTLER, Tennessee; II. II. HARRISON,
Tennessee; IRA B. HYDE, Missouri
LLOYD LowNDEs, Maryland; j. B,
SENER, Virginia; j. AMBLER SMITH,
Virginia: ". w. PHELPS, New Jer-
sey; W. H. RAY, Illinois; E. O.
STANARD, Missouri CHARLES ST.
JOHN, New York; c. Y. THOMAS,
Virginia j. NJ. THoRNDURG, Ten
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
Hon. II. n. whitley.

The Republicans Of Mr.. Whlteley's Dis
trict in Georgia cannot afford to defeat that
gentleman AZ candidate for Congress be-
cause he took the back pay. As our cores
pondent from Columbus, Georgia, views the
matter SO do we. We opposed what is called
the back pay swindle, and we are as much
opposed to it as any, but when the interests
of suffering millions are in the scale they
outweigh all other considerations with US.
AS Mr.. Whitley is sound on all measures
calculated to bring about peace, harmony,
and justice where they are most needed, we
trust our Republican friends in his District
will give him full and strong support.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

D@- In the model Democratic State of
Georgia, where no white man dare avow
himself Republican, and no colored man is
acknowledged to have any rights which
rebels ought to respect, it is said there are
forty-eight companies Of militia bearing
United States arms which refuse to carry the
Stars and Stripes. OF course reconstruction
is a miserable farce. Free schools are almost
unknown, negroes are inundated and out
ragged, and reign of terror exists amongst
all who do not bow the neck meekly to
the tyrannical rebel sentiment that exists
there.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
From the Rochester Express.
West Point Weighed and Found
Wanting.

Mr.. j. w. Smith, late cadet at West Point
was dismissed from that institution foriailing
to pass in his studies. This young gentle
man has been considerably talked of in the
newspapers for several years. The reason
Of this publicity is to be found in the fact
that he was the first black lamb that ever
appeared among the flock of white ones at
West Point. There have been many there
almost as dark as he-young gentlemen with
the tawny flush of Southern blood in their
cheeks, who at the same time had darker
hued half brothers and sisters working in tho
cotton feds Of their common father's planta-
ton in the SOuth-but a genuine son Of Afri-
ca had never before appeared on the aristo-
cratic battle-ground Of West Point. People
with weakness for chivalry and gewgaws
have always chung fondly to the impression
that by some occult process the blood of
common American youths was changed into
something OF finer quality when they be-
came cadets at our Military Academy on the
Hudson. These well-meanng but sentiment
al folk have looked for chivalrous generosity
toward the weak, gentle consideration toward
the unfortunate, and high-bred courtesy to
all. 1t is true, while many lads have been
the sciOns Of wealthy families, others have
come from the homes of the lowly-the sons
of ready-witted and coarse, vulgar politicians
who had influence with their mem bers-but
even these were expected to feel the refining
influence of the Academy, with its stately
professors, ITS Cabinet visitors and its tradi-
tons and associations of beauty and culture.
So when this stranger Of another race ap-
peared at West Point some curiosity was felt
concerning the treatment he would receive.
A. member Of despised race, a subject else
where OF caste prejudices and social Ostra-
clam. and vat a nuckv and hiph. Suiritpl If
not a Observation-Disclosures lad, his appear
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
INDUCEMENTS.

ANY one sending us $3.50 will receive
the New NATIONAL ERA and Wood
Monthly Magazine for one year, to-
gether with beautiful chrome of the
Yosemite Valley, OF fine photograph OF
either Frederick Douglass, Esq, or Tous-
saint L'Ouvertnre, as they may choose
This chrome is fine copy of piece Of
natures grandest work, and is not presented
in the usual limited style-its dimensions
14x2O makes a picture of very desirable
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

In Lee county, Iowa, is a dutiiul son
who expounds the Gospel while his father,
aged ninety-four years, is in the County Poor
House.
The World gives sensational preacher
q good hit in saying that Liverpool girl has
died in consequence Of having her ears bored.
Fortunately the ladies of Mr.. Talmage's
congregation are less susceptible"
Chief Of Police Savage, of Boston, ia
reviewing his experience, has fouEan no differ
ence in the number of arrests for drunken
ness between years when there has been no
license and years when rum has been legally
sold. On the other side ex-Attorney General
Frye, OF Maine, asserts that the consumption
OF liquor there is not One-fourth as great rs
IT was twenty years ago, and that the law
has created temperance sentiment to which
opposition Is powerless.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

sar Our earnest friend in Baltimore, it
will be seen by his communication, elsewhere
printed, is anxious for an increased circula-
ton of this paper. He has proven his earn
estness by his work, and we trust that he may
have many followers.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
The sseply of Judge M:ackay.
The PardOninG Power nud Counterfei
NIonr-
CHARLESTON. s. C.. ,Iulv X lS-I

CHARLESTON, 5. c., July Is, 1874.
To tie Editor Of the Union Herald.
In response to my official protest against
his habitual prostitution of the pardoning
power, Governor Moses alleges through his
assistant secretary, in the Phdmir of yester-
day, THAT the forty-one pardons and commu-
tatiOns granted to persons convicted in Judge
Nlackey's Circuit, twenty-eight were granted
on the written application Of Judge Mackey
HIMSELF
Presuming this statement to be true il does
not meet the charge that | have recorded
against Governor Moses in the sessions
docket, at Lancaster, viz: That he has So
prostituted the pardOning power as to make
the administration of the criminal law a
mockeay of justice, and convert the great
seal OF the State into simbOl of approved
crime.'
If he has granted tweuty- eight parlons on
my recommendation as presiding judge, that
only proves that he had good and sufti-
Gent warrant for granting twenty-eight par
dons.
had accused him of habitualy uttering coun-
terfeit notes to large amount, and he should
reply: 81 have uttered but forty-one notes
in your circuit, and twenty-eight of those
| were pronounced genuine before l pui them
in circulation" The want of Logical and
moral force in this answer would be still more
manifest if it should appear that the twenty
eight unquestionably genuine notes were for
81 each, while the remaining thirteen togeth-
er with scores of others that he had uttered
elsewhere, were each of the denomination OF
300, and that he put them in circulation
| knowing them to be counterfeitS. Penurge,
the ras08l, declared that he had forty differ
ways Of making money and the honestest is
| by petty theft. Governor Moses has not yet
announced whether the corrupt granting OF
pardons is regarded by him as the greatest Oh
least of the infamies which he has practiced
amid the vast variety of his crime prove d
| and provable.
L. J, MAcKEY, Circuit Judge.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

nar The season of river steamboat disas-
tiers has set in. The yearly series of these
horrifying accidents was inaugurated on the
Ohio river yesterday. A little carelessness
and oversight on the part of inspectors, COM
nlanders, etc., is the only requisite necessary
to produce we'll displayed headings to the
telegraphic dispatches Of the daily newspa-
pers. now a .days.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
M. Harper,s Weeklu. which gave currenc

baT Harper's Weekly, which gave currency
to the foolish report that Senator Chandler
had attempted to bride Michigan jury to
give verdict of 100000 against the Detroit
Free Press, by proposing to give the money
to the city of Washington, has manfully adj
mitted its mistake, and admitted that the
story was an unmitigated falsehood. 1t
would be to the credi. Of the ''independent"
press to initiate the example Of the Weekly.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

Ra- The cable informs US that Rochefort
has revived the publication Of his paper, La
Lanterne, in Brussels, Belgium. 1t is said
that he attacks fercely the Bonapartists and
gravely charges MacMahon with endeavor-
oring to subvert the Republic, the chosen
government Of the French people. Roche
fort promises to be = thorn 10 the flesh OF
the monarchists Of Europe for many years
In Gonna
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06
R6- Bishop Gilbert Haven writes a goo

D0- Bishop Gilbert Haven writes a good
word for South Carolina in the New York
Independent. We are pleased to be able to
note the fact that the columns Of the Inde-
pendent are open to good words for the negro,
especially as it has taken a stand against
measures calculated to defeat the malignant
hate of ex-rebels-such as the civil rights
bill, and the recognition of the Kellogg gov
eminent in Louisiana.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

gJ- The Taxpayers Association Of this
city, is White Mans Party. Colored tax.
payers are not recognized in any way. Our
colored tax payers should make note Of
this.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

HsS' Hon. ]. J. Smith, Of Boston, ia spend
ing few days among his friends in this city.
New national era. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1870-1874, 1874-08-06

For the information and convenience OF
our readers, we publish the following abstract
Of the postal laws of the United States. We
advise our readers to cut this out and pre-
serve it for reference:
Postal cards, one cent each, 60 without
further charge to all parts of the country.
All letters to all parts of the United States,
three cents per half ounce.
Local, or drop" letters, that is for the
city or town where deposited, two cents il
delivered by carriers, and one cent if there is
TO carrier system.
For newspapers. and magazines, regularly
issued and sent to regular subscribers, the
following rates per quarter of three months
payable in advance at the Office where re-
New-York tribune., 1874-03-07

poeits In savings banks represented the prosperity "
the working classes. An endeavor has been made ts
year ascertain accurately the occupation ana
OF dopositors. Returns given from nb out OF ,o'
sayiper bauks Those show the aggregate OF all de-
pons 10 be t2s G83 aggregate amount OF same s3su
iN average Of each deposit s62 9 number Oh
deposits, OF $500 and under 2C9Vi amount oi sao. ,
t1, ,le6,27i; number OF deposits above 500. 3'oL,
amonnt Of same, s2,s73953. The depositors are
divided into dap wage. salary, prOiessonsi;,
and those who deposit for use or interest,"
OF money The day-wage class nave as pee cen, oi o
amount OF deposits and ST. per cent OF their numDe
the salary class have 81 per cent OF amount OF dets
and II per cent OF their NUMBER tho professional c
AZ per cont OF amount AMI 29 per cent OF number tn
cent Of number OF deposits. The average amount oi
each depOsIt IL for class Sl2l 11 salary chs
sI2Q JO professional class S225 So; use or interest," V
money class $3.50 a. T1e per cent OF amount OF depos
css ss per cent professional class, i8 per cent; use
OF interest OF money, 400 per oent
Cousidering the time in which 10 has been maue NY
and the difficulties incident to new administration Tue
tI6pa and conclusions iJ presents, but from the lige
amount OF workable material 10 anOrds 10 tne sl1ts
clan and the investigator From review OF the uala
the commissioners believe that TO produce Det'oi
atatus OF tne working classes there should Oe :,
~ An effort In his own behalf on tho part OF the WORK
iDgman to remove from himself the evil lnnnohces'
physical and moral that too greatly surround ms nos
i2j An organized effort on the part OF phllantfopy
creation OF chosp. healthful and comfortaoes home
() cooperative effort on tho part OF employer M
employed to secure for the Deneht OF DOtn tue host
favorable hygienic conditions OF employ " CHlJ
that certain requirements of existing law, statute au
physical should receive fun RECOGNITION III tho employ
ment OF labor, Affecting females IN particular. SJ
union OF capital and labor to forward te Na iheto'n
of both In home and factory in the securing OF e sup
plies of lic the care OF the SICK ana kdiSu
not fearful lest we do too much, but lest we 10 hos
ann oh