The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1874-12-03

ful for our navy, = now authorised, vii
b. In condition for sefvice. and with the
advance In the science Of torpedo warfare
the American navy, comparatively small
q IL Il, will Be found = any
time powerful enough tor the purposes
Of peaceful nation. Much has also becu
accomplished during the year in aid Q!
science and to increase the sum Of general
knowledge and further the interests d
commerce and civilization. Extenstve and
much needed soundings have been made
for photographic purposes, and to NJ the
proper routes Of ocean telegraph: Further
surveys Of the great Isthmus have been
undertaken and completed, and two vessels
Of the navy arc now employed, 10 conjunc-
Germany and Russia, In 0bserva-
tons connected with tho Transit Of
Venus, useful and interesting TO the
scientific world. The estimates for this
branch OF the public service do
not differ materially from those Of last year,
the general support Of the service being
somewhat less, and those for the Improve
ments 1t the various stations, rather larger
than the corresponding estimate made .
year ago. The regular maintenance and
steady increase In the efficiency OF this
most Important arm, In proportion TO the
growth Of our maritime intercourse and In
terests, 10 recommended TO the attention Of
Congress. Tho use Of the navy during
peace might be further utilized BY direct
authorization of the employment Of naval
vessels In the surveys Of the supposed nav.
igable waters Of other na1i0nalities on this
continent, especially the tributaries Of the
two great rivers Of South America, the ORR
noco and the Amazon. Nothing prevents,
under the existing laws. such explorations,
except that expenditures must DO made, In
such expeditions, beyond those usually
provided for in the appropriations. The
field designated Is unquestiOnable one OF
interest and one capable of large deyel-
opments Of the commercial interests and
advantageous to the people reached and 70
those who may establish relations with
them. The education of the people, emit.
tied to exercise the right OF franchise, re-
gard q essential TO general prosperity every.
where and especially 30 In republics where
both education or previous condition does
not enter into account In giving suffrage
Next to the public school, tho postoflce, Is
the great agent of education. Over our
vast territory. the rapidity with which new
sections are being settled, thus increasing
the carrying of the mails in more rapid
ratio than the increase of receipts. Is not
alarming.
THE rosT OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The report Of the Postmaster General.
herewith attached, shows that there was an
inrease Of revenue in this department In
1873, over the previous year, of 41,674, All,
and N ;ncpDaa az If tho GOAT If Narpvinu III n
mails and paying the employees Of, t3,O41,-
46791. The report Of the Postmaster Gen.
eral gives interesting statistics Of his de
partment. and comparing them with the
corresponding statistics Of year ago,
showing = growth In every branch Of the
department. Apostal convention has been
concluded with New South Wales; an ex-
change of postal cards established with
Switzerland, and negotiations pending for
several years past with France have termi-
mated in . convention with that country,
which went into effect lkst August. An in
ternational postal congress was convened
in Berne, Switzerland, in September last, at
which the United States was represented
by an officer Of the postal department. Of
much experience and of qualifications for
the position. A convention for the estab-
lishment of an International postal union,
was agreed upon by the delegates Of the
countries represented, subject TO the appeo-
val Of the proper authorities OF these coun-
tries.
respectfully direct your attention to the
report Of the Postmaster General and 70 his
suggestions in regard to An equitable ad-
justment Of the question of compensation
to railroads for carrying the mail.
SOUTHERN AFFAIRS.
Your attention will be drawn 10 the I'M
settled condition of affairs In some OF the
Southern States. On the l4th Of September
me. - provided by the constitution and
laws Of the United States, to aid IN sup
pressing the domestic violence in that State.
This call was made in view of prOclama-
ton issued on that day, by d. B. Penn, stat
ing that he was elected Lieutenant Governor
in 1872, and calling upon the militia Of the
State to arm, assemble, and drive from
power the usurpers, as he designated the
officers of the State government. On the
next day | issued my proclamation,
commanded the insurgents to dispcrse
within five days from the date thereof. and
subsequently learned that on that day they
had taken forcible possession of the State
House. Troops were sent BY me to sup
port the existing and recognized State gov
eminent, but before the expiration Of the
five days the insurrectionary movement was
practically abandoned and the officers Of
the State government, with some minor ex.
captions, resumed their powers and duties
Considering that the present administra-
item Of Louisiana had been the only govern.
ment in that State tor nearly two years,
that it has been tacitly acknowledged and
acquiesced In IS such by Congress, and
than nvnpoaalO YornNniyad hy
me, regard 1t a. my clear duty when le
gaiiy called upon for that purpose, to pre-.
vent its overthrow by an armed mob, under
the pretense Of fraud and irregularity in
the election of 1872. / have heretofore
called the attention Of Congress to thil
subject, stating that on account Of ths
fraud and forgeries committed at the said
election, and because it appears that ths
returns thereof were never legally canvass
ed, 1t was impossible TO tell thereby who
were chosen, but from the best sources oil
| information at my command, ! have always
believed the present State officers received
| majority of the legal votes actually cas-
at that election. Irepeat what said II
my special message of February 18th. 1878
| that In the event of no election by Con
gress, I must continue to recognize thu
| government heretofore recognized BY me
i i IcRIet 10 Bay tuol WIN buC PICpoA oshOh
| for the late election, decided indication
appeared In some localities, in the South
ern States, Of determination, by acts o
violence and intimidation, to deprive tn
citizens Of the freedmen class OF the bell0
because of their political opinions. Band
of men, masked and armed, made their ar
pearance; White Leagues and other socit
ties were formed; large quantities OF arm
and ammunition were imported and dii
tributed to these organizations; militar
drills with menacing demonstrations wer
held, and, with all these. murders enoug
were committed to spread terro
among those whose political actio
was to be suppressed, If possible, b
these intolerant and criminal proceed
ings. In some places the colore
laborers were compelled TO vote accordin
to the wishes ofthe employers, under threat
Of discharge if they acted otherwise, an
there are too many instances in which whe
these threats were disregarded, they wei
remorselessly executed by those by whoI
they were made. understand that the lot
amendment to the constitution was mad
to prevent this like state OF things, and tn
act Of May 31st, 1870, with amendment
was passed to enforce its provision, the Of
|. ject Of this being to guarantee TO all cit
zens the right to vote, and to protect thel
|, In the free endowment of that right el