, 1874-04-25
History Of the Invention and
It's Progress in En-
gland.
improvements Made by Chicago In
genuity and Enterprise.
Aspeedier, Cheaper, and More Sue
cessful System.
Description Of the Machinery and Mode
ct Operation.
What Col. Wilson and Mr. Somers Have
Accomplished.


The histoyr of civilization fnHa ;ta trraat in
torpreter in t,,a history of jnvantiona ft7,c
influences have hclned in tho crontion NJ tb
enlirhtened condition NJ mankind in tbia ran
tary. but what they have accon,n1ishod has hee1
purely auxiliary to the work of tho rreat civ;1izcr
inventive cenina. perh,ns III, most interest:
inr featura ,,raeo,+od h,1 h;stor ~ +,o 1ro,1a,e
;nrcnt;ona 10 Tho or,5no11r ,,ro-r;,. o,x,no;+
of the human mind to aeiza nnon and ntil;7a +ho
more gubt,e forcaa of tha nn;raraa 47y,s aer,;o,
invnntons ut;1;zo3 What roioht ha c,,1ad
,n,. ~. 80.
oo o Mu1o 4o,eeS " tne inos1
f11ap'e ano tnos1 easuy manssea materials,
ana 1t was only IN comparatively modern days
that it WAS discovered that there existed in tho
-.1. oio iotses hn1en nnsn' DC u1.1zeo 10
almost unlimited extent This gradual develop
ment is most clearly shown in tbs matter Of
1no1Ec1nE WEAPONS.
th-o1x;, t;s ,,r,;aot;1a hs,,11o- a:oa ~.
snAo"4os uA7 p1oJeeeno' . poalaet OF piece OF
broken focS' over the Walls OF besleGed fortress
than tho clumsy balists. Later on in the mid
die ares TIN rnntive fnrca ~ +ba h.1;sts 4,,o
elasticity ~ wnod ,n7 rn-a end - ~ aas.r..
..N 49, " A'o eoa'@A AZ
1on' "as more ael1lg applea IN the cross~now
or 1ons-bo" OF the ma1riors OF that day and so
on gradually improving unt;. to-day
when, with tho MD n chem;strv aar'
eon., e,d ,o+,,.1 o,,,o,s-s-s -. ~
49,. m s"eoo''10 aao eet-
S'eo WILL eoe oeaolY OelF7neof "h'ch deci-
mated the bsasos and baritoues OF the Gilgal
singing school. or the cisnt co1um1ad fhat
ran. II ca11od NM, aana nm a',sa IA,'
,..s,.;x 1k.s u'4io uau
e'aen'pe 'f1ousn tne ron-Plased sides OF
prosunnptuous invader
is another notah,a ex,,.,,,o - x.,,ux
tist.;nvon+o- ~ ,ro,3o~, 49,. @4e o,.0t
~ 'onsoh - n'ooefa uaes can accomplish.
-u.a po"e. "as Ano"n 70 the nnclents as q
rtppetey Pecunat 70 amber and ono ortwo
otaer gums, which enabled them, under certain |
Goho111ons TO attract certain other materials !
IT aa hardly necessary to mention what man /
makes 1t 90 to-day. It is hardly correct
W say that these subtle powers we're
euAio"a, tnty "eTe KNOWN; but, un-
11otsunateiy. 1ty. they wore unappreciated.
tts 80 1sa.nsc ~ uolo tne less tfue fnat Eince
IuG cleatlou oI the world power as universal
1n9 t4aneseaole as eectr1cltv, ,-hardly lesspotent
hoo probably quite IS versatile, for as utilized |
force It u Us yet in its nfnncy-has day after day
sPoAga 10 man IN an mnistaEable voice, limited
u thousand ways as its utility, and yet has
leen, "a untu within the past few years, disregard
1:h7 tnat power, 20 oescrlbe 1t as briefly as pos
e4p'e, Ii Tie conpresslb1lty and exponsibiiity of
THE AIR.
~ u noe Hght TO say that 1t has been disregard
ca. ~ tne knoWiedGe of tlls property OF tho
aad leo 20 ne invention Of the barometer
-" ~A-eA"4o440,A LII tA4 sAI16 ]
sentence; the ar-gun. But it is within year
% t"o thht the idea WAS seized upon that this
eVcf-nfesent torce, II properly applied,
s9ua u:a 10 use1nlly employed as a means Of sup
IYlne Tue motive power OF q new system Of I
Without entering inlo history s
u tne oe7eiopment Of the idea into a practical q
>eahty undermining cities with air-tight tubes 9
nfoush which rushed the air-impeed, message
:tannea n carriers 1t WILL be interesting to give,
ifse OF ~, some idea Of the work which this p
orce OF the air, properly controlled and applied. Il
ecomphshes IN London, England where it WIS L
= once nc seized upon as valuable adjunct to tho
% 'os1ai ana M teegsaphio departments Of tho Gov 81
1sef that to describe the systems as introduced Il
1to sa'a city. 1t
Uesc11hed generally, IN brief, the meana OF W
psEUa1AT1c Transportation la
system OF pneumatic tubes through yhich a. pl
ody is either propelled BY compressed at1noa- | "
hcre or drawn by a vacuum. Small ppeunont;c pt
1bea used in communicating with the different |
torlcs Of tho same building are not uncommon rs
ut the first experiment OF auy size was n,a5a i; OF
ngland in December of the wear 1868 When tha II
overn1ucut took over the telegraph lines iron, Gu
1e companies and tho brothers sicrnana uu OF
Berlin got orders to lay an ex7,e1imonto1 In' OF
his Gas doue, aud after half q ynar,s nco ~ | fe
1vantages Of the system vere a. 1,,,;-asam be
that enlargements we're anterni | ba
'on. 4 circuit systeui was at first emnlore3 isl
follows: Two contiguous lines Of three.inch CO.
on tubing were laid frcm one point fo nnothar OF
the city, where they toiuod fha nnan anda 81 col
10 limo being ct the Original startnrnnont eo5 - va
ne Of these ends Was conuecteu With roaar' fu
'sr Of compressed air. tha othar r;t1 IIo COZ
serroi1 OF yacuum In sendn- n moaso,o sn
e compycssed air was nsnd .t M a,,a es M
be TO pIopel thu carT;ar ~ ~ o eo VI ING En
the other end Of tia ~. ~ i!a useo wi
ubio force thus beno @ 'uoe neta;na 90 afaw IT, th'
rcait system WE afterwards ohond,naI by
weyer tho ,tnhc h.;-,~ -neta matua uoanuonea, al
rthogt fro tta rfg paa.eo 81 Inc point rec
,ployed aoclr n u '.hhnpoInt .hn and one tube tee
Q direction by means OF tha connrossaG - I is
other in carrying them in tho otnos;tn droc We
III by means Of the vacuum 71.he t,nls 1,so9 | sm
containing the compreased air md ~ | tlr
1ha sarea po.n supplied by worked ~
IA ,rars aa1a1o dTa AT points along tho ~
ich were Notified bv elcctr;c s;rre1 ~, ~. ~ in
- ,tr ot messages to their station, and put not
VI teeeiVang epparatus IN circuit, all others 1
opine Of steam enrine an3 ao+va ar 17,,,, Inc A@p
,soared = J. IN England to be the great draw VIII
- N TIE system Of pneumatic tube trans air,
ssnon ,anl. they being at onee cumbersome and ord
paratup which 7naas + aoon snpphed an
chluezy necessnry This coasis,ad ~ lots
AN rvg.rer7x. xnn.r.n tho