New-York tribune., 1874-10-14
APPLIED SCIENCE.

general grief" L. G. H.
APPLIED SCIENCE.
HoT FILTERINa.- method OF hot hltering, wnich
may often be found servicable In the laboratory
thus described: tube of soft sheet lead rs wounu
about the fnunel containing tho filter. in the form
Of n spiral One end of the tube passes through a
cork in the neck of flask, in which water or oneI
.quid is brought to the beifing point. me ne osnor
end terminates in o receiver, into which VIC con-
densed liquid flows.
THE g-ToN STEAM HAxMER.-The great steam
hammer lately built for the Royal Gun factor'eS,
at Wcolwich has been successfully erected ana se'
to work Being much the largest piece OF mechan.
ism Of its kind in the world, considerable interest,"
attaches to its performance. The weight OF the
falling norton is nearly 40 TONS and its force OF
impact is greatly increased by the use OF steam steam,
to drive it down from the top. the augetdi''bS augtd bu
being estimated to equal the force represenseH
allowing the hammer to fall, of its own weignit'
from hight of so feet 1t has been allowed strlk
ing fall of Is feet inches. Inc Dauinel ohont
high and covers with its supports, o oase & U sbove
tb S1ronnd and the iron used in the foundation
| below weighs 665 tons.
PoIsoNING WITH ANIIINE RED-A well estabnshed
case of poisoning from arsenious aniline red' al
tended with loss of life is recorded in late issue Oh
the Neues Jahrbuch fir Pha,macie. whole family
was poisoned by eating potatoes that had peen
cooked in kettle in which the housekeeper nao
been dyeing wooden yarn. The Kettle had not oeen
cleaned and the potatoes, boiled in the skin naa
acquired an intense red color. Abundant evidences
of arsenic were found upon subecting the potatoes
to chemical examination. Another instance. Wnlcn
fortunately did not terminate fatally occurred some
months ago. in Jersey City. On this occasion the
cause of the trouble was pair OF mlttens dyea ol
scarlet color with anillne dye. The cases mere re-
ferred to show the necessity of prudence and the
doa yOff fudi harmless
tute for arsenic in the preparation OF tnese popular
cOlOrs.
NEW PROCESS FOR ESTIMATION OF ALCOHoL.-The
latest novelty of this sort is the process devised by
NJ. Docleaux. which is described folows IT, to
known volume of water larger and larger quantities
of alcohol are added the density and superhclal e
sion of the mixtures obtained are simultaneously
diminished and there is consequently an increase IN
| the number of drops which they form when allowed
to flow slowly from an aperture of given SIZE; II
the size of this aperture is constant, so TOO VIII e
the number of drops corresponding to each alcohoc
mixture which flows through IT In gwen tlne.
The difference between the numbers thus 1ouha 70 ls
said to be large enough to furnish the basis tor
very sensitive acoholOmetric method: pipette OF
given volume is to be employed, the number OF
drops escaping therefrOm counted and tine alconoi
| percentage estimated by tables prepared by the
author for the purpose. The process Is CLAIMED 10
be extremely delicate.
| THE SCZARoCH.-The Russians, it is said, nave
adopted new shell, which from its formidable
| character according to recent experiments, IS at
tracing much attention on the part of military au-
| thorlties The following description of the new
proecte IS going the rounds of the scientific press
| II is well known that the ordinary elongated bolt
will not permit of ricochet fire, and as this species
of firing very effective against masses OF troops
| the loss is matter of considerable moment. Inc
sczaroeh as the new projectile is called is either
percussion or a time shell, combined with shot
The latter rcochets beyond the point OF expiosi1n
of the bursting charge. The shell portion IS simple
iron cylinder to one end of which is secured by
thin sheet of lead, spherical shot On leaving the
| gun the combined prOiectile acts like an ordinary
charge takes place the cylinder flies in pieces, while
| the shot impelled with the additional velocity
ricochets for hundreds of feet ahead In trlng at
batteries it is claimed that the double effect OF TINS
projecte comes into excellent use, as the smell
might be exploded among the guns, while the ball
would strike far in the rear among the reserves OF
advancing column, the ball would continue It's
course through several succeeding columns
PRESERVATION OF WooD.-In recent CON-
munication to the French Academy NJ Hatfield,
| after presenting very concise statement of the
present condition of practice in this branch OF
technology proposes the employment of the tannate
of the protOxide Of iron as cheap and eftcient
preservative of timber. He bases his statement
upon the assurance that the decomposible nitro
genous and albuminous matters contained in the
Juices Of the tree to the presence of which its decay
is to be ascribed will by the injection of tannate
be changed to insouble and very stable compounds,
or. to speak technically, there will be formed
albuminous tannates. analogous in their prop
critics to the geatino1s tannates formed
| in the tanning of animal skins:
In addition to this tanning process, he urges that
the gradual oxidation of the iron Will cause 1T TO
deposit itself in a solid state in the inter-cellular
| spaces and thus effect a species of petrifacton.
| thereby materially adding to the hardness OF the
| timber. and rendering it more valuable for many
industrial uses. In carrying his plan into execution
he proposes TO the method of injection invented
| by BoucherIe vital suction, OF the pressure OF
h0uid cOlumn) and either to employ the talnate at
one operation. TO inject the tannlc ACID ana follow
this with any soluble salt of iron.
SUBMARINE PHoToGRAPHY.-Dr. Neumeyers plan
of Photographic apparatus, designed for the deter
lninatiOn of the temperature and currents at the
bottom of the sea- is described as follows: copper
box, herme tically sealed, is provided with an ex-
! terror appendix made like a rudder. A mercuIial
thermometer and compass are in the interior. each
in glass receptacle into which admitted traces
of nitrogen gas A small electrical battery COM
pletes the contrivance. When the apparatus is
lowered into the sea, attached to a soundiDg-line,
the action of the current the rudder indicates
| the set of the flow, by the relative posi-
| ton of the compass-needle and rudder The
temperature is recorded by the thermometer.
| TO fix these indications, piece OF photo
graphic paper is suitably disposed near the glass
| case containing the instruments. At the proper
| moment a current of electricity is established
through the gas in the receptacle causing an intense
violet light, capable of acting chemically upon the
paper for sufficient length of time 10 allow OF i'm
pressing photOgrapbcally thereon the images OF
| the compass-needle and OF the mercury column.
The time required for this register is said to be three
minutes after which the instrument is hosted, the
mana ram