davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1874-03-31
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The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1874-03-31
lOUsE AND LOT FOR SALE

SOLnN CLARK, ~
AFRO y. MAltr.N.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23

corn meal, eight bushels wheat bran, fifty
gallons Of water. The dairy house stands
at the foot Of small hill, aud in the middle
of the floor is a large, cool spring, with a
basin ten feet in diameter. The temperature
Of the dairy in winter is regulated with
steam. The milk, as soon as drawn, is
brought to the dairy, double strained into
deep pals of tho Herkimer county pattern,
twenty inches deep and eight in diameter.
These pals are lowered by cords into the
basin of the spring. The pals remain in the
water about half an hour, and are then
drawn up and left hanging just above the
water. The milk is allowed to stand in tho
pals thirty.six or forty-eight hours. The
cream rises we'll, and stands three or four
inches thick in the pals. The cream is ro-
moved with funnel-shapped dipper, previ-
ously dipped in water, which is pushed care
fully down until the cream flows over the
rim aud fills it. A white oak churn in used,
with tho old-fashioned cross-shaped dasher.
The churning is done by steam. The rule
is, to give the dasher iorty-eight strokes a
minute, the milk being at 60 o and the but
ter is brought in one hour. As soon as the
granules OF butter appear, cold water is
poured into the churn aud the churniag con.
tinued until the butter gathers. The butter
is taken, with wooden ladle, to an oak
working table, and buttermik and water
are rolled out with an octagon lever. The
bare hand is not permitted to come in con-
tact with the butter After sailing, the but
ter is put in a cool place until the following
day, when it is re.worked; at the last work.
ing, large sponge wrapped in a linen nap
kin is used to absorb the moisture. The
working is continued just to that point where
the white liquid ceases, and transparent liq-
uid begins. In DR.. Grants practice, nine
quarts Of milk have been used to make a
pound of butter. A quart Of cream, weigh
ing two aud one-iourth pounds, makes one
pound and three ounces Of butter.-Utiea
Herald.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
Correspondence,
For the VERMONT FARMER.
THE LABoRER WORTHY OF
HIS HIRE.

Much is said Of late In agricultural and
other literature of the independence Of the
farmers, of farmers boys and girls, of farm
laborers, and of the dignity Of labor, l
would borrow the use Of the FARMER to add
little to the subject
II would not seem that in the farmers
wide independence he need be dependent on
meanness TO carry on his business by insult
ing and defrauding his help. The laborer is
worthy Of his hire, or else should be dis
charged, and when abused and cheated of
his pay he is not encouraged to comply with
the call of the purse holder and freeholdcr
to 90 work to-day in my vineyard" Ver-
monters, at least, whose pride is in their
farms aud their men, should be careful how
they make vagrauts Of men willing to work
by Withholding pay, and bestowing insults
and curses on those who may be their equals
in ability aud honor, If not in acres. Even
the observance of such course must dispose
their own sons and daughters to avoid the
degradation of such employment, and also
the ambition to be an agricultural manager.
Though as Pope says
"Honor and shame from no condition RISE"
1t is dishonorable not to fulfill the require
meuts of any position according to ability,
and it places one in a suspicious attitude to
be without the legal tender vouchers which
worthiness earns the toier. Let me then
admonish the employer in the words of the
martyr, john Rogers, " Remember him who
hired is" for he has head and heart and
body and tongue to think and feel and suffer
aud tell of all his wrongs.
PULsoMETER.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
For the VERMONT FARMER
FARMING AND PROFITS.
PULsoMETEB

The subject of farming aud its profits is
continually discussed as though not govern
ed by the rules applicable to other business.
Farmers and farm laborers are called for by
some as though business itself had not
sufficient inducements to win its operative
force without bugle call. They are ridicul-
ed, and their occupation despised by others,
as though the supporters of the worlds ex-
istence and energy were worthless and vul-
gar.
The occupation is entered into and aban-
doned by various parties as though capital,
skill, application, demand and supply had
nothing to do with it.
There is no limit to the demand for arti-
cles of comfort and luxury other than food,
save the taste of the people and their ability
to live and pay for it. There is no limit to
the production of such articles save ability
of the people to live and fin time to make
them. I'ut in provisions, when there is as
sumo, all overstock is labor for nought.
Because the world lives by farming, it does
not follow that it lives better by too many
farmers and superhuous markets. Whilst the
adjustment of this, as of all other matters,
is sought, the balancing agent must be found
not in legislation nor combinations, but by
the general common sense in applying the
laws of trade and awaiting and fulfilling
natures universal providence.
JoHN Ii. p. GUILD.
Washington, W.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
ALASKA AGRICULTURE.

A visitor to this far off region writes !:
There is a general impression that nothing
will grow in Alaska, and that it is a region
of hostile winter and savage icebergs, all of
which is extravagant nonsense. On open
land and along the streams, succulent grasses
grow luxuriantly and sometimes to height
Of three feet and half. Red-top aud wild
timothy abound on the islands, and in tho
mainlands something very like Kentucky
bluegrass grows very extensively. Consid-
cradle hay has been made this year, the hay
ing season being nearly the same as in
Oregon. Heretofore the government has
been paying $40 ton for imported hay, in
gold, but this year the natives are cutting
and storing native hay for about $50 ton
in currency. Barley was raised last year
and it yields as we'll as elsewhere. Potatoes,
turnips, onions, and the like have all been
produced on the islands, aud generally turn
out as in other places.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
General 99ritulture.
FIGHTING THE DEVIL WITH
FIRE.

The above heading, when interpreted,
means dosing the potato beetle with Paris
green. We have never boen in favor Of
this, and have never practiced it. During the
panic, for such it has been, created by the
appearance Of this insect pest, heralded by
the terrible accounts of its devastating
march over the Western prairies, it was use
less TO argue against the use Of this viru-
lent poison but now that we have had the
visitation three successive years, aud have
managed to survive, and also grow some
potatoes, perhaps a few words of remon-
STRANGE may stand chance Of being pa
tiently read.
One strong argument in opposition TO the
use OF this poisonous application, is that it
can be done without. We have dispensed
with it, and have had as good potatoes as
our neighbors. SO have many others. Ol
coarse, our expedient has been manipulating,
Very tedious and costly, it is objected. Not
so very, after all. An intelligent farmer, iu
the state of New York, who has carefully
experimental on it these three seasons past
says hand-picking can be done for three
dollars an acre. Take the cost of Paris
green, and the value of tho time it requires
to put it on, aud how much do you save by
the use Of il?
The fact that the substance is a virulenI
poison should deter from its use unless alb.
solutely necessary. 1t requires the greatest
care in handling 80 as not to get into the
throat and nostrils Of the operator. 1t il
by no means certain that it does not aifec
the plant and tuber. Entomelogsts have
denied that it does them harm, but we arr
not convinced, and refuse to be until somC
satisfactory experience proves that thosC
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23

STOCKING Brooks WITH Trout. - The
Western Farmer has the following state
ment from farmer in Wisconsin in regard
to the ease with which brooks may bo stock
ed with trout:
A year ago, having more young trout
than my pond would accommodate, | put a
few thousand into brook near by. They
were then about one inch long. A few
days since l thought would see what they
had done. took my rod and couple Of
my little boys, and went to the branch, and
in less than an hour caught thirty, all we
wanted, and might have caught hundreds,
as we could see them in schools of fifty or a
hundred in place for mile up and down
the brook. They were about seven inches
long, or what would be called a nice catch.
As this same thing can be done in every
brook OF pure water (either hard or soft) in
the state, submit if it would not pay the
owners ol BROOKS to stock them, if in nothing
else, in furnishing one more attraction
for the farm. If not for themselves, for
the boys, for recreation is as necessary to
them as meat and bread, and if they can't
find it on the farm they will hunt it in the
village. Many Of US can recolleet how at
tractive the brook on our fathers or neigh
bors farm was, and how its willy denizens
taxed and developed our young skill and
ingenuity in their capture.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
ST. JoHNsBURY, FRIDAY OCTOBER 3D. 1874

who take this ground are right Florists
know quite we'll how readily coloring mat
ter is taken up by plants, and some of the
most brilliant and charming effects have
been produced in this way. Some cases Of
severe diarrhea, we have known attributed
to eating early potatoes, may very likely
have been at least partially caused by the
application in question. In one neighbor-
hood that we could mention, about score
of cows have died the present summer. A
post mortem examination of some Of them
showed the presence in their stomachs Of
Paris green in sufficient quantity to cause
death. They were cows that ran on the
commons, and they obtained the Paris green
either by eating grass in the vicinity OF po-
tato patches that had been dosed with it,
the wind having spread il outside, or by
eating potato tops thrown over the fences
out of plots where the poison had been
used.
A third consideration against this prac-
tice is, that it thwarts the very means TO
which VIC are warranted in looking for ulti-
mate deliverance from this pest. Prof. Ri
ley, and other eminent entomologists, tell US
that already twelve or thirteen insect ene-
mics Of the potato beetle have been discover
ed preying upon it, and it is to the multi
plication of these, and the vigorous prosecu-
tion Of their mission, that we must look for
the determination Of the nuisance. But
Paris green is as fatal to our friends as to
our enemies. 1t is like a double-back-ac-
tion gun on the battle feld-:t kills our
allies as we'll as our invaders.
The advice is usually given to plant very
early to avoid the worst ravages Of the bee
tie. But a correspondent of the COnntry y
Gentleman, who advocates manipulating,
says he shall plant none but early varieties
hereafter, such as the Early Rose and
Peerless, and plant them late. He thinks
the early potato crop only provides rich
pasturage for the beetle, facilitating their
increase, aud helping their depredations.
Whether potatoes are planted early or late,
cultivators cannot be too prompt in watch
ing for the appearance of the beetle, so as to
destroy them, and with them their progeny
for the season.-Canada Farmer.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
DON'T FARM TOO MUCH LAND.

The most unwise and discouraging thing
a farmer ever does, is to try to cultivate too
much land. If no more than ten acres can
be improved at time, by all means con6ne
yourselves to ten acres. Don't farm an
acre in such a manner that it deterorates in
value for the next years crop. What opin.
ion would we have of grocer who so abused.
his patronage as to make it sure he would
have no returns from it the following year
1t is extreme folly to cultivate land that
will not pay for the tillage, and all land
will sooner or later reach this state unless it
is iarmed well, by we'll, we mean Intelligent
ly and improvingly, if we may be allowed
the expression. All available fertilizers
should be used on the best of land, and not
allowed to 90 to waste until the land begins
to grow poor. We feel that many western
farmers are making great mistake in
burning their straw and fodder, allowing
manures to waste aud lands to be drained Of
every thing that grows upon them, for sue
cessive years, merely because they are new
| They are not consequently inexhaustible
aud the evil effects of this system, or rather
want Of system, will be seen much sooner
than now anticipated. The old rule that
"an ounce of prevention is worth a pound Of
cure" holds good in agriculture as well as in
hygiene, and we would impress it on the
minds Of western farmers, that it is far cas-
ier to keep our land rich and in good cOndi-
tion, than it will be TO reclaim it when it
once becomes Improbable.
1t is source Of delight as well as profit to
gather fine crops, but it is dishoartening to
gather but little more than the seed and feel
that through ones negligence and ignorance,
the time and cost of tillago has been thrown
away. Limit yourselves to whatever. mum
Der of acres can be made to grow maximum
crops, it is cheaper, easier aud more pro6ta.
bic, and vastly more neutrality-suspicious..
Farmer.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
A BEAN FARM in MINNESOTA.

Shearman, the farm king of Martin COun-
ty, who has from 1900 to 2000 acres Of
beans under culture, has by untiring energy
and perseverance succeeded in his little
scheme Of raising beans from the sod, much
to the astonishment of Minnesota farmers.
A little history of his proceedings would per-
haps be of interest
Mr.. Shearman is q resident of Liverpool,
England. His first visit to Minnesota was
in the year 1872, at which time he con-
tracted for the land he now occupies, with
the intention Of forming an English colony.
In the spring of 1873 he brought with him
few families, and after putting up some
temporary houses on the plantation, they
commenced operations, and early in June
they had broken up and planted between
1000 and 1900 acres Of beans, planting
them on the sod with corn planters. They
promised well until the grasshopper raid,
when they were totally destroyed.
AT great expense he replanted them,
and hattering prospects again crowned his
efforts but foreign influences were against
him, and the early frosts cleaned them out
entirely, and for about ten thousand dollars
invested he had but little to show. Still
with light heart and firm resolve did he ad-
here to the old adage and try, try again.
He returned to Liverpool, making ar
rangements to pay an early visit to the old
plantation, aud if possible recover what he
had lost. 1t was rumored and generally
believed that these intentions on his part
would never be carried into execution but
promptly, as is characteristic of the man
he set foot on Minnesota soil in the spring
of 1874, and taking up the bean plantation
where he had left off, proceeded, and at last
he is meeting his reward.
The perseverance Of Mr., Shearman would
be good motto for many who emigrate to
our Western States to adopt, and Martin
County may well feel proud of the farmer
king who has done so much toward the al
vancement of the settlement of the county
Cor. 81. Pam Press.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
Stutk 8aisins.
REVERSION OF THOROUGH
BREEDS.

The notion is quite prevalent that thor
oughbred stock is apt to revert to its origi-
nal inferority. 1t is claimed that acquir-
ed characters are heeting, aud that the orig
inal alone are permanent. If the care of
men be withdrawn, the improved breeds will
retrace the steps Of their ancestries and re-
vert to their original characteristics. The
permanence of original types is one Of the
dogmas of science. The theory of natural
selection about which so much is said IN
learned societies, has a certain weight with
that class of farmers who do not care to in-
vest their money in thoroughbreds.
But Prof. Brewer has been investigating
that subject and seeking for proof of the
alleged tendency to reversion. He has sent
inquiries in reference to every report oi
such reversions, and received numerous re-
plies to them, and all in the negative. The
inquiries were published in the localities
where the deteriorations were said to have
occurred. The question has been put to
stockbreeders, and circulars have been sent
far and wide. but the result has been always
the same. And notwithstanding the asser-
tion so often and confidently made, no in-
stances Of this alleged reversion have been
authenticated in Prof. Brewers experience.
1t has been often said that Shorthorns were
prone to this tendency, but whenever there
is large sale of these improved animals
stock breeders come from all parts Of the
country to buy them. At one meeting not
long ago in thirty minutes the sale Of Short
horns amounted to $3.50 900, aud withms a
short time l09 head Of cattle were sold for
S382,000. Five cows brought sl50,000
This shows that men of experience in the
business have faith in the permanence Of
improved stock. This is a subject Of special
interest to Vermont farmers. II the fact
was clearly settled in their minds that the
prize animals which they see at fairs were
not likely to run down in their hands, the
prejudice now existing against thoroughbred
would pass away. There will always be a
large demand for this class of animals fol
breeding purposes among the large herds il
the West. And with their barns and shed'
and other facilities for this purpose, farmers
in the East can, if they will, for a long time
to come, furnish the West with breeding an
imals. In addition to this source of incom,
the animals here at home are much NOR,
profitable. The time ought not to be dstan
when all the sheep and cattle in this stat
shall be thorOughbred.-RutLand Herald.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23

Beginning to leave-the leaves.
If W-o-r-c-e-s-t-e-r spells Wooster, why
doesn't R-o-c-h-e-s-t-e-r spell Rooster.
A doctor is wanted in Genoa, Missouri.
The last one is now hanging TO cotton
wood tree and wants to get down.
Let your motto be Liberty or death !"
and if it comes to the pinch, take the most
Oft in liberty.
Grasshoppor jam is tho latest delicacy in
Kansas. The natives invariably pronounce
it with I'D" instead of a 'J".
"Reform means trowsers!" exclaimed n
feminine speaker at the Ohio dress reform
er's convention the other day.
1t has been discovered that the jointed
fishingrod was invented because one can't
hide IA long cane pole under his coat Sun
days.
At forty years OF age n man looks back
over his life and wonders what he did il for,
and then turns wistfully to the future, and
keeps on doing it.
Mrs. Nye, of Iowa, can get supper, split
kIndlIngs, wash the dishes, milk two cows
and feed the hogs while her five boys anC
two girls are playing game of croquet.
The sensitive boy lives in Delaware. Ill
arose at midnight, footed it half mile ant
awoke store clerk and bought fine comb
lie didn't want to have any ono hear hin
ask for IT..
Milton, the blind author, was one da.
asked by friend OF female education, If h
did not intend to instruct his daughter in the
different languages mo, sir, replied Mil
ton, zone tongue is sufficient for woman.
Eli Perkins, Bonnets are worn high
none less than S35. They are made high II
the instep and cut decoiiete in front, trimme,
with thedevilknowswhat, Low neck bon
nets with paniers are no longer worn. Tn
front OF the bonnet is now invariably worn
behind.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
THE TRAMP.

On morn in dreary winter
Camo worn and weary printer,
With his bundle on a splinter
Der his back;
Travel stained he was, and needy,
And his appetite was greedy
For smack"
For the printing Office steering
Till within the door appearing,
Where he bowed, as one reyering,
When he spoke,
Saying In a voice as solemn
As gratis Buohu column,
81 am broke!
In your city I'm stranger,
Dusty, seedy as granger
For pve slumbered in the manger
0fa barn
desire n small donation
And some easy transportation
For my corn.
Boatl tried TO work my passage,
Moving freight and rough expressage-
Living on bologna sausage,
Dry and poor
But they found was printer
And they hustled mo instanter
To the shore.
Then / sadly recollected
Days when printers were respected
For their skill. Now I'm elected
Fore and aft,
Just because some have been drinking
Set the steamboat-men TO sinking
All the craft.
Thus do sober workmen suffer
BY the vices of the loafer,
Till indeed whene'er go for
Work shrink
Lest another's imposition
Throw on me foul suspicion
That drink.
Deeply does 1t wound aud gTieVe mo
When a man will not believe me,
But, dear sir, you will give me
Fifty cent?,
Twill, by Its proper using,
Show you I'm above abusing
Confidence"
BY his doleful conversation
Reused he our commiseration,
And we made the "small donation"
Which he sunk
But while going to our dinner
We observed that hardened sinner
Beastly drunk
Thus do sober wOrkmen suffer
By the vices Of the loafer-
Basest coin will often go for
Purest stamp,
Kindest ones who most have trusted
Are most thoroughly disgusted
With the tramp.
Madison, Ind, CoH
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23

The Vermont Farmer published an arti-
Gle last spring headed "humbug," exposing
the crab-apple tree deception, which some
OF the people of Huntington have found to
be true. II there ever was a humbug it is
the crab-apple business. could give you
the names Of twenty men who have tried
the trees and are thoroughly dissatisfied
with the fruit they bear, it being good for
nothing but cider. Some paid large price
for the trees, set them on their best land,
aud took all possible care of them, but when
they commenced bearing they were speedily
removed to some less important place. One
man has dozen trees for which he paid
eight dollars. Six have borne fruit this
year, and it takes four of the apples to
weigh one ounce. Now if it isn't humbug
to thus obtain the hard-earned money ol
farmers by such deception, what is IT.
Huntington Cor. ArgltS.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-10-23
FARMERS, AWAKE.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
1T ST. JOHJrSBURF, VT.

What mean those sounds that in the air,
Give forth their solemn, earnest warning!
Those tokens Of darkenlng night,
The prelude Of doubtful morning.
Hear yo the sound, the trumpet peal,
That DER the land to-day is swellingl
Know ye the wrongs the millions feel
The sad story that blast is tellingl
A tyrant rides DER this fair land,
And marks for his unjust oppression
Each son Of toll, whose sturdy arm
Creates the home in his possession.
That tyrant, with the mighty power
OF gold and bonds as his dominion,
Rules courts and dictates laws oftradei
Deiies the voice Of just opinion.
Who feeds this pAmpered lord of wealth;
This foul, romorseloss, bloated vulturel
The sons OF toil-rough, laboring hands,
And brAwny arms Of agriculture.
Awake! To arms' Let freemen strike
For justice now, for freedom ever;
Let lawless sharks and railway lords
Know that our will their rights can sever.
Press on the hosts, bear up the flags,
Ensournge each desponding neighbor;
Unswerving battle for the right,
Must end in victory for labor.
Industrial Ag