davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

can be achieved in this way. II favorable.
wood has the advantage over iron in light
ness, absence of rust and consequent
durablllty, cheapness, less expense IL
preservation and elasticity, az wooden
ships arc not subject to leakage after shocks
as IS the case with iron vessels at the FONTS
Of the plates
A TkST or WOOD. A test u the relative
strength OF hickory, Eastern oak and vel
low hr, or what Is more commonly known
as Oredon pine, was made at Sau Francesca
short time ago. The pieces Of each ma
terlal used were one Inch square and three
feet long, and the test made by the cus-
tomary way OF supporting the two ends.
and hanging weight to the middle of the
STICK. The experiment showed that the
hr mad a strength equal to the Eastern oak
both breaking at 26O pounds. This
pretty conclusIvely settles the adaptabillty
VI the Oregon wood for ship bulldIng. 70
Tar as strength Is concerned. By putting
IL through a particular conserving process,
u can aiso be made equally durable with
Eastern oak 50 that when thus prepared
II Is equal to that wood In the two essen
tlals OI durability and strength The ex-
pense Of this preserving process IL S6 a
Thousand, adding which O. the cost OF the
mr., 1t is much cheaper wood than oak.
Test or STEAM BOILERS. a special
trlal OF the strength and other qualities ot
boilers and engines Is to be made at the
exhibition Of the Franklin Institute. In
Philadelphia, IN order to test the compare
tive merits Of those on exhibition. Steam
boilers are % be tested by board Of ex-
perts by what now Is known as the
evaporative test, that is, by determIn-
ing the amount Of water that each evapo-
rates per pound for coal consumed A de-
cIsion based on a trial of this KIND. and BY
parties who have their own regulations AS
experts at stake, will crease sensation
among makers of boilers, especially those
who have patented articles We under
stand that all the leading makers are rep
resented, and that each of them is conn
dent Of coming out ahead Success under
these circumstances means a fortune, for
economy ia fuel, combined with safety, is
the thing sought after in steam boilers
MdnatdctVrer and Builder
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

the goat, on the other hand, are supplied
with fresh air The district return air
courses, c d, is cut in the roof from to d
at short distance above the main intake 50
that the main return air course is com
pletely isolated. In this sketch, each main
air course is shown u consist Of four pas
sages, their fractional resistance, there
fore, to the passages Of given quantity Of
air Is only one-sixteenth Of what it would
be If each of them consisted Of one pass
age, and the power required to overcome
the friction is only one sixty fourth. These
remarks are sufficient TO show how much
more important it is to multiply tine mum
Der OF the airways, increase their area and
shorten the distance to be traversed by
each ventilating current, than to increase
the ventilating power, when greater guam
tlty of air is required for the ventilation Of
any mine.
We have now seen how that in fiery
mines 1t Is not safe to conduct the ventila-
tlon either according to the primitive
method. or Mr.. Speddings method of
coursing the air Mr.. Buddle's system of
double ventilation has also been briefly dis
cussed II still remains, however, to be
when, and in what manner, any
ventIlatlng current may become explosive
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

Let tig . represent the plan OF part of a
long wall working; and G are the
main intake, and 4 and = a district re-
turn air course. 1t may be assumed that
the air leaving the points b and b is always
pure, and that the whole of the working
race, y " emIts the fire damp at uni
form rate. Then is it evident that any
given quantity Of air which passes from B.
to G will always contain exactly the same
percentage Of fire damp when it reaches
the point q, so long as the quantity of air
IS not increased or lessened, and the guam
tIty nfgas emitted from the coal remains un-
changed
|. Let the quantity Of air coming from
to : be twice as great as that from D To =,
and take the distance bc-b' e. Then. if
there be per cent of gas in the current
when it reaches the point =, there will
Oe z per cent. in the current b at the
same place. Now, suppose the quantity Of
arr arriving at to be halved (the relative
quantities remaining as beforeI or the
quantity Of gas emitted at the face to he
doubled. Then, in either of these c ses the
current b will be explosive shortly be-
fore it arrives at q, the current g will not
be explosive, and the air IN the passage c
viii contain . l-3 per cent Of gas, and
viii not be explosive. If, under these cir
cumstances, ignition takes place at the
point there will only be a slight explos-
ION Of the mixture extending towards u.
z. II the air arriving at from one side
IS explosive, or if that coming from one
side or the other contains sufficient fire
damp to make both explosive when mixed,
then the whole passage 4, will be filled
with explosive mixture. But the air in the
air coarse, u, may be sufficiently pure to
dilute that coming from 4 below the ex-
ploslve point or il not, the main current
itself may be 50 diluted by the air from {
M. In this case the, the explosion would
extend only to 4 or 4, and not to the whole
district.
If the main return current in q is not
diluted below the explosive point until 1t
meets with another main current, the ex-
plosion will extend To the whole district
T. When all the main currents are ex-
plosive. the explosion will extend to the
whole N the districts.
1t j. thus manifest that the purity Of the
main return c current depends on the purity
Of its tributaries, and tie purity Of these
at any particular time depends on the rela-
tive quantities Of gas emitted at the face,
and ar supplied to the workings.
In district Of bratticed bords, like that
in tig. 4. if the whole Of the air current is
sent to the face of each bord in succession,
the last bord will become explosive before
any Of the others; but if only portion Of
the air is sent to the working face, while
the remainder escapes towards the next
bord under the door or screen at the en-
trance, then the air in anyone Of the bords
may become explosive, while the others
are tree from explosive mixture. .-Salpdrd' !
Coal Trade journal
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24
c. +. JONES,
NOTARY PUBLIC AND LAWYER.

He knocked at the door, his two friends
pressing closely upon fis heels. The dool
vas finally opened by man bearing Z
candle, and but partially dressed.
" Rather early for business" he grum
| bled What do you want r.
I" Business" replied Mayhem. You
are a notary public"
| Yes, and a lawyer.
/ II ! wish to secure your services for a
short time
= For money r.
Certainly, man does not expect to get
anything without the cash in this city
Come in.
He led the way into the room, closed the
door, snuffed the candle and donning his
coat, he beckoned his visitors to seats
Then he seated himself, took up pen and
drew sheet of paper towards him.
q" Well"
Mayhem turned to his companions.
Ben and Tom," he said, Il have
money to give you-only few dollars to
leave this city aud seek an honest hveli-
hood when you leave here. Will you do
nr
Yes, responded Ben.
But first want YOU to do something
for me. An act Of justice to fellow
man.
What is it T.
. In Paterson man is under the charge
Of the firing of the works of Tremayne Il
Adams. He did not do it. You did, ac-
cidently, infer. | want you to make an
affidavit before this notary public that you
fired the works Will you do it p
Ben and Tom looked at one another,
hesitated and then remembering what they
owed the ex-tramp for rescuing them from
Jail, and their promise, simultaneously
answered.
d" Yes, we will do it, y
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

cautiously and noiselessly, and soon there
after the three forms were quietly stealing
away through the darkness and gloom.
They went on quickly, and two hours later
we're on the track of railroad near little
by-staticn. A freight train soon passed by
and they were not long in being on their
way toward New York
It was inst daylight when they entered
the town, and the tramp alighted at the
depot, his two friends following him close
ly.
"lou will 60 with me, wherever | ask
you to ?" he queried of the two men.
% i'm Mayhew," responded Ben in an
impressive tone of voice. We are hard
customers, and We have treated you mean.
But we passed you our word in jail that we
would do whatever you asked OF us. You
did us good turn and we won't forget it.
We viii do whatever you ask, and go
wherever yon want us to.
The ex-tramp led them on until they
reached an old and dilapidated building in
a by-street occupied as Offices. by second
class professional men. He led the way
up the stairs and stopped before a door
bearing sign as follows
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24
FIG. /.

stall working. The solid coal is shaded
from right to left here, and in the other
figures, d is the downcast, and is the up
cast shaft. A door is inteposed between
the two shafts, and the air is made to cir
cuate round the edge of the solid coal, as
shown by the arrows. The lines : :, are
stopplRgs, arranged so as to prevent the
air from taking short course. fhe shad-
ing parallel to the level L L shows an un-
ventilated space round which the air cur
rent travels. BY this system it was pos
slble to obtain plenty of fresh air at the
working faces indeed, it is the only
method adopted at the present day in
many colEeries, in which the emission Of
hre-damp is insignificant, and in these
cases it is quite sufficient But in fiery
mines it was found that dangerous accumu-
latiOns Of air and fire damp were formed
in the unventilated space when large dis
trlcts of pillars were barred off from the
ventilating current in this manner Aper-
lures were left in the stoppings, through
which it was intended that air should be
driven by the movements of the men and
horses, and in this way a partial ventila-
tIon was effected Under this system sud
den and unexpected explosions took place.
In l16O the method known as ''coursing
the air, was introduced. By means Of
suitable arranged stoppings, the ventilat-
ing current was made to travel up and
down among the pillars, so that it reached
every part of the workings. The lines IN hg.
show how the stoppings were arranged,
and the arrows indicate the course of the
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

Fig. shows the application Of the sys-
TEN to a district Of pillar and stall work
ings and e u are the main and intake
and return air courses a and Il the dis
trict intake and return air courses; the
stoppings are indicated by double lines I;
R R are regulators the part from which
pillars have been removed is shaded ire
gularly. The air leaving the advance drifts
a and {, and that form the working faces in
the solid coal goes directly into the return
the sir courses; the pillar workings and
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24
The Largest ventilator in the World

The Monetary and M,"ii,g GUsette says
the largest mne ventilater IN the world Is
a Gmbal fan A. feet in diameter, aud IL
feet face. &C the Usworth Colhery, near
Newcastie-op-Tyne That journal says
FMS fan runs about forty-hve revolutions
per minuGe, and IS said to circulate 200,
600 u go, 900 cubic feet ~ air per min
uts. II rs driven by two first motion en-
4ines, 81 inch diameter cylinders feet
stroke. The upcast shaft Is 10 egtdlarn
eter, and 900 feet deep. The Iorhhgs IN
three seams are ventilated shfohgh It,
The output Of the UswoTtn COlhery i
about 1900 tons per day, The nines are
very extensive. All the underground
nausage Is performed By machinery two
81 the three seams are v --ksd on me board
and pillar system the1ntaert1 yorked on
the longwalipian.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24
Mine Ventilation
PRIZE ssAY BY Mr.. wM. GALLOWAY

Before the year 1860, only one system
of ventilating the workings was known or
employed. 1t has been called the "Primi-
tive Method" The air from the downcast
shaft is led in a single current round the
edge of solid coal and working faces, un-
til it returns to the upcast. Let fig. re-
present the general features Of post and
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24
CHICAGO DETROIT SATURDAY "a 1874

used to the subtler influences of life.
That there was some mystery concerning
him and Edwin Amory, he readily sur
missed, and he at last retired to rest, and
thought over all his singular companion
ship with this true man.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

!
Ne'er dreaming with danger 'twa, frapght
Altar whaling wear Oh. tell ii with shame,
ON the pn- nook ~ love I was caught.
Long year, IN my heart this misfortune will ranke
Aud the reason yolIl notice. be-
While otners from taste fell IN love with ar ankle
Toe fondly love whole Legg.
This is a strange story, not 10 be used ia
Sunday school
An Albany man, out Of work and nearly
starving, turned f1r comfort ia His extrem-
ity to his sainted Mothers Bible. for the
first time since her death in 1867. To his
surprise and delight he found ten-dollar
bill between the leaves, and Immediately
fell on his knees for the first time since
lS40. With a light heart aud ghttering
cye he prayerfully started FOR the bakers
tO obtain 4 loaf NJ broad. There he found
that the bill Was counterfeit, when he
swore bitterly for the first time il ;hrer
hours
The scandalous Washington Groi1ici,
says
when Mary Walker reaches Turkey
we hope the Sultan, that absolute monarch
of all ne surveys, viii make her take her
breeches otI Mary won't listen to any
such inSultan proposition. She isn't that
kind.
Said a man to the Mayor Of New Lon
don, whom he met at the State Fair, (" II
have seen beets in California as big as
am" q" teg your pardon" said the
Mayor, but | think you deceive your
sAlf
A priest who was examining a con6rma-
ton class il the South Of Ireland asked
What il the sacrament Of matrimony N
A bright little girl at the head Of the class
anawered, Z" A state of torment into which
sowls enter to prepare for betther wor-
ruld. That's the answer for pdrgabo-
ry, said the priest " Put her down fut
Of the class, said the subdeacon. Lave
her alone, retorted the priest, for any
thing you Or | know to the contrary she
may be perfectly right.
f. Men scoru 20 kiss among themsalxes
Aud scarce would kiss brother;
But women want 10 kiss 50 bad
They apH kia4 earh uthar
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

western railroads are reducing the num-
Der and pay OF their semployss, but not
their rate Of fare.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

These Lots are only block from the r. X. Depot
where sixteen trains pass daily. Communication ticket
70 Chicago about IA cents. Streets IN gocd eond
ton trees set out and sidewalks built Park Ridge $
situated the c. n W. r. r., nine miles from THE
eity limits a beautiful ridge. About 1000 inhabi-
tanta with schools churches and stores large Hotel
being erected one block from these lots. The Meth
odlst Camp Ground Il and half miles distant.
CAIl At my Office any day at O'Clock In the marnng,
and and in the afternoon, and 20 and see the lots
Free.
IRA BROWN.
IAa La Sale Street. Room q.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1874-10-24

Interest al Six Per Cent. allowed on
Deposits.
GHOpen DAILY from 10 a. m. 70 8 .. m. and on MlT
days and Saturdays until D. m.
The Charter of this Bank expressly gives 70 MARRIED
WOAEN and CHILDREN the right TO deposit and dr. "
uotmoueV rHEIR NAN1s
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

HORACE GREELEY used to say that
" the man who paid more money for
rent than he did for advertising was a
fool"
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24
THE WATER-HLLL.


O,,,,.-.- u-.-,r.,, .,z- -, -
" -Ls1gn " INT "@te4--lill' 1hLO''7A an '--0
iIllo-ioIg a@yr 77 -
- NJ CllChlhg OF the "neeI wears uouI " AOO-
away -.
nov !ahguIqIy the autumn WING toIh SUI 'H1
NIlneEeu Ietyess =
~ On me Held Ihe heapers sing "Hl-e o411Ali-7
up the shtaVes. l. -
solemn Broyerb strikes my mnd' ana As
spe! Is cast -, - 49, :
past"
-. 49,, -
ooIt summer Wlnds revive no more Iea'eS sire" L
u, y eal " anu h-dLn' =, - ~ ..r7- -
The sickle never more viii reap the yello"-saT-
hefed gram =,
The ripping, stream flows ever on, aye tranquil
deep, and sim,
But never gldeth back again 70 Dusy water
-, -ilIi. t .ro,r-. IN It'll ,,,.,,..
Ihe soemn mn PFoyefo SPEAKS 70 all WIN meaning
II, HI HI III o, Grind With rho ,t rr- i
past.
a. ,r,-- -. ,~,1-.rF ~ +l,,- so,,I do 7.-=,,.,
oi c.5P on 19S rr Pto''Io 10 'y Soo os
r7,r ,rl1dan vagrs are eeetirs, NV and -ou-F, i
-si,,1, +5o -
Al. - 70 ya,l-a H. ,,,,s+ ere, nv loo on.
- -. A. me- - 49, -
- Gl,fS III 80. + ,+ 49,. ,,,.7,.+,5
I9' ~ ia ~ . i''1H sweet JOY =
-, -, III, = 49, NOD i,1 + 7 a7o,,,
viI last J'i9 '''i'-'- v u s''-'' -''s '
Inn MI "il never grind with the water mat Is
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

soil again as thou wouldst answer it with
! thy life"
Niels did as he was commanded and
parted with Morten forever. He had
enlisted for a soldier, had suffered great
hardships, had lost limb, and returned
to his native place mere wreck--4p-
plttQN'N .L0nrnnL
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

A BALTIMORE produce firm received
from Ohio, few days ago, a large con-
sIgnment Of eggs, and in one of the bar
rels, twelve or fourteen inches below the
chine, was found a large chicken, which
mad been Matched since the eggs were
packed for market The little fellow
cchlrped loudly for food when released,
lis appetite having no doubt been
strengthened by its tedious journey.
Several other eggs in the vicinity
OF the one from which his
chlckenshllp emerged showed unmis-
taxable, signs of animation, and on
being deposited in a basket near a
Kitchen each produced living chicken
all OF which We're doing as well as
could be expected at last accounts. This
Is another eXemplifcation of the enter
prise and goaheadativeness of the West.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

Or. j. Walkers California fIn~
egar Bitters are a purely Vegetable
preparation, made chiefly from the na-:
tive herbs found on the lower ranges OF
the Sierra Nevada mountains Of Califor-
MIA, the medicinal properties Of which
are extracted therefrom without the use
of Alcohol. The question is almoSS
daily asked, "What is the cause Of the
unparalleled success of VINEGAR BIZ
TERs?D Our answer is, that they remove
the cause of disease, and the patient re-
covers his health. They are the great
blood purifier and a life giving principle
a perfect Renovation and Invigorator
of the system. Never before IL the
history of the world has medicine been
compounded possessing the remarkable
qualities of VINEGAR BITTBRs IN healing tbs
sick of every disease man is heir to. They
are s gentle Purgative as well IS TONES
relieving Congestion or Inflammation OF
the Liver and Viseeral Organs, In Bilious
Diseases.
The properties of DR.. WALKER's
!, VINEGAR BTTTERs are Aperient, Diaphoretlcs
C8rmlnative, Nutritious, Laxative, DIEreTlcp
Sedative. Counter Irritant, Sudorific, Altera-
tive, and Anti-Bilio4s'
r. H. MCDONALD 81 CO..
Druggists and Gen. ACTS San Francisco California
and cor of Washington and Charlton SITS N. z
Solo ny ais Druggists and Dealers.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24
-
''8|,H!|,.I!.l|!![,.II|'Il.l!,[l'A|!||

Every intelligent person isaware that largeamount
of money is wasted and thrown away every year in
Clothing, Silk Iaces, Kid Gloves. etc, which become
soiled with Grease, Paint, Tar, etc. and are
laid aside not half worn. There is longer any eX
cuse for this fearful waste. as
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

off about as fast as the grass viii grow
when the season is favorable, and soil
with green food when there is any occa-
sion. In this way food easily digested
may be cheaply supplied through the
season, atfording q guaranty against
drought as well as securing large returns
from keeping up q continuous full flow
OF milk through a long season.-B,gfdJ0
Lire Stock Journal.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

flcturcrs and dealers in Needles. etc for ali Sewing
Machines Will send d0z needles for am sewing mo
ching to any p. o. address onreceiptof50c Try them
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24
FIVE MYSTERIOUS PICTURES

Queerly Concealed Beauties. Strange Devil
stamp. ADAMS & CO, Pearl street, Boston.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24

WHILE Mr.. Lewis Barlow. of Newport,
Mass, was fishing, lately, back of Fort
Walcot, he noticed huge swordfsh
coming in the direction of his boat, and
before he could prepare for the emergen-
cy the fish ran his sword through the
bow of the boat and made hole about a
foot long The boat Immediately filed
with water, and Mr.. Barlow's situation
was anything unpleasant. Fortunately
man was passing who rescued him and
towed his boat to the shore.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24
To Millers and Engine Owners.

To nearly double your steam power and save fuel
also, address j. Z. GALLANT, Burlington, Iowa.
Wood County reporter. [volume] (Grand Rapids [i.e. Wisconsin Rapids], Wis.) 1857-1923, 1874-09-24
LADIES, SAVE YOUR DRESSES

AISJ Skt0
perfect satisfaction is the verdict Of alI
who try them. They save rnRny tiEacs tlReIg
cost in one dress. This Elevator " is the only
one that will les the dress down after being
elevated.
Tk;sTI1EJ Beware of INVITATIONS, as they
GHU Egtes are WORSE than WORTHLESS. See
that each is stamped Smiths Instant Dress Eie-
Vator." Price as cents each, MAILED FREE,
Wholesale. $50 per gross. GREAT OFFER.
Two Elevators" will be given FREE as . Pre-
MUM TO those who subscribe for SMITHS ILLUS
TRATED PATTERN BAZAAR" one year, sending
One Dollar and Ten Cents. Best and cheapest Fash
ion Book in the world. Send stan1D for Illustrated
Catalogue Address P. 0 Box 5GSE
&. BURDETTE SMITH, 9l4 Broadway NY