The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1874-12-12

could be directed to correct survey of what
exists, and to rebuking wrong, and aiding the
proper authorities in furnishing II, n better
state of feeling would be incucated, and the
sooner we would have that peace which
would leave the States free indeed to regulate
their own domestic affairs. l believe or the
part of our citizens of the Southern States
the better part OF them, there is Il disposition
to be law.abiGing, and TO do no violence
either to individuals or the laws existing, bu
do they do right IN ignoring the existence oil
violence and bloodshed in resistance to con
stituted authority? l sympathize with their
PROSTATE condition, and would do all IN my
power to relieve them, acknowledging that In
some instances they have had most trying
governments to live under, and very oppres
sive ones in the way of taxation for nominal
improvements, not giving benefits equal 10
the hardships imposed; but can they proclaim
themselves entirely irresponsible for this
condition!
THEY CANNOT.
Violence has been rampant IN some local:
tiles and has either been justified or denied
by those who could have prevented it. The
theory is raised that there is to be no further
interference on the part OF the General Gov
eminent to protect citizens within State
where the State authorities fail to give pro-
lection. This is great mistake. While
remain Executive all the laws of Congress
and the provisions of the Constitution, inclu-
ding the amenlmen added thereto, will be
enforced with rigor but with regret that they
should have added one jot or title to the
Executive duties and powers. Let there be
fairness in the discussion Of Southern ques,
tions, the advocates of both or all political
parties giving honest, truthful reports of oc-
currenCes, cOndemning the wrong and uphold
ing the right, and soon all will be well. IN
der the existing conditions, the negro votes
the republican ticket because he knows his
friends are Of that party. Many good
citizen votes the opposite, not because
lie agrees with the great principles OF
state which separate, but because generally
ne Is opposed to negro rule This is most
delusive cry Treat the negro as citizen
aud voter, as he is and must remain, and soon
parties will be divided, not on the color line,
but on principles Then we shall have no
complaint of sectional interferences.
The report Of the Attorney General con
tains valuable recommendations relating to
the administration of justice in the courts OF
the United States TO which invite your at
tention. | respectfully suggest to Congress
the proprety of increasing the number OF
judicial districts in the United States to eleven
the present number being nine, and the crca-
ton of two additional judgeships The Terri
tory to be traversed by the circuit judges Is
so great and the business of the courts so
steadily increasing that it is growing more
and more impossible for them to keep up
with the business requiring their attention.
Whether this would involve the necessity Of
adding two more Justices of the Supreme
Court to the present number, | submit to the
judgment of Congress.
The attention of Congress is invited to The
report of the Secretary of the Interior and to
the legislation asked for by him.
THE DOMESTIC INTERESTS OF THE PEOPLE
are more intimately connected with this de
partment than with either Of the other de
partments of government. lis duties have
been added to from time to time until they
have become 80 OncrOus that without the most
perfect system and order it will be impossi-
bic for any Secretary Of the Interior to keep
trace of all the official transactions having
his sanction and done in his name, and for
which he is held personally resonsiblc. The
policy adopted for the management of Indian
affairs known as the peace policy" has been
adhered to with most beneficial results. 1t
is confidently hoped that Il few years more
will save our frontier from Indian depreda-
tons. commend the recommendation Of
the Secretary for the extension of the home
stead laws to the Indians, and for some sort
of territorial government for the Indian Ter
ptory. A great majority of the Indians Occu-
pying this territory are believed to be incapa.
bic of maintaining their rights against the
more civilized and enlightened white man.
Vny territorial form OF government given
them, therefore, should protect them in their
homes and property tor n period OF at least
twenty years, and before its final adoption
should be ratified by majority OF those at.
lected.
The report of the Secretary of the Interior,
herewith attached, gives much interesting
statistical information, which | abstain from
giving an abstract of, but refer to the report
itself
The act of Congress providing the oath to
which pensioners must subscribe before draw
ing their pensions cuts off from this bounty
a few survivors of the war of 1912 residing
in the Southern States. / recommend the re-
storaton of this bounty to all such. The
number of persons whose names would be re-
stored to the list of pensioners is not large.
They are all old persons who could not have
taken no part in the rebellion, and the sur
vices for which they were awarded pensions
were in defense of the whole country
The report of the Commissioner of Agri-
culture, herewith submitted, contains, sug-
gestions of much interest to the general pub
INC, and refers to the approaching Centennial
and the part his department is ready to take
in it. feel that the nation at large is inter.
csted in having this exposition success, and
commend such action as will secure a greater
general interest in 1t. Already many foreign
aations have signifed their intention to be
represented at it. 1t mag be expected that
every civilized nation will be represented.
The rules adopted TO improve
THE CIVIL SERVICE
of the government have been adhered to as
closely as has been practicable with the op.
position with which they meet. The effect of
it has been beneficial on the whole, and
has tended to the elevation of the service, but
it is impracticable TO maintain them without
the direct and positive support OF Congress,
Generally the support which this reform re
ceives is from those who give 1t their support
only to find fault when the rules are appar'
emily denarted from Removals from Office