davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
Antarctic IcebergS.

In the diary of the Challenger's voyage
to tho Antarctic regions, very accurate
descriptions of icebergs are given. At
the beginning of an icebcrg's independent
existence, it does not possess those fam
tastic forms whichare so often described.
Near the Pole they were nearly all huge,
tiat-topped cubes of ice, from n quarter
to half n mile across, and $50 to $50 feet
above water. This corresponds to sub
mersion amounting to nine times this
height. This is the iceberg as it appears
just after breaking away from the glacier,
where it was formed, and before the sun
began to affect it. AS it floats into
warmer regions it slowly melts, and as
sumes the almost unimaginable forms so
often seen. But an iceberg is by no
means short-lived. In the Southern
ocean south of Ga deg. latitude, the tenn
perature of the water, except for few
feet mt the surface, where it is warmed
by the sun, is 90 deg. Fahr. This is
B deg. below the freezing point. Even
the surface water close to the ice is of
this temperature, SO that the iceberg
moves in a bath of this low temperatures
Only in summer is the water warm enough
to melt u notch around it at the sea level.
This notch is, never more than thirty feet
deep, and the waves striking in break
down the overhanging cliff, and the ice
iceberg rises somewhat, the notch deep
ening. This action is most vigorous on
the weather side, which accordingly be-
comes the ightest causing the iceberg
to turn slowly round. 1t is TO the cavi-
ties thus formed, surrounded by ice of
various thickness, and containing more
or less water, that the rich colors of ice
bergs are due. "Where the crevasses,"
says the diary, "or other weak parts in
the upper surface of the parent glacier
extend down to the water-line of the
floating iceberg, the sea, having less
solid part to withstand it, soon excavates
a most beautifully nedand picturesque
cave, the sides of which, rejecting light,
color the interior with an exquisite cobalt
blue, the tint of which increases in
warmth and richness as the depth ex-
tends, When these occur on the side
that is afterward raised, no description
can do justice to the picturesque ap-
pearance of this line of fairy grottoes.
The glaciers from which icebergs are
broken off reach far out to sea. A glacier
of 1000 feet thickness will have to push
its way out to depth of 1,SO0 and more
feet before its front can be broken by
the foative force of the water Such a
glacier, pushing its way over an ocean
bed having the same slope as the Atlantic
basin off the coast of New Jersey, would
touch bottom for more than 240 miles
beyond the land, and for the whole of
this distance glacier markings would be
found. The observations on tempera-
ture above spoken of show that the gla-
cier does not break off by overweight
due to undermining, but is broken by
the buoyant pressure of the water.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
Advice to Girl who s'Finished. ;"

Gertrude, yu tell me that yu hav been
two years in boarding school, and hav
just finished yure edukashun, and want
to kno what yu shall do next.
Listen, mi gushing Gertrude, and I
will tell yu.
Get up in the morning in good season,
go down into the kitchen, seize potato
by the throat with one hand and a knife
with the other, skin the potato, and a
dozen more just like it, stir up the buck
wheat batter, look in the oven and see
how the biscuit are doing, hustle
around generally, step on the cats tail,
and help your good old mother git break
fast
After breakfast put up the yung chill
drcn's luncheon for slool, help wash up
the dishes, sweep, put things in order,
and srmtimes during the day, nit at least
two inches and half on sum one ov
yure brothers little blue woolen stock
ings for next winter.
In other words, go to work and make
yureself useful, now that you hav bekum
ornamental, and if yu have emmy time
left, after the beds arc all made, and the
duks hav been fed, pitch into the pian-
M, and make the old rattle box skream
with musk.
Do this for one year, and. sum likely
yung fellow in the naberhood will hear
ov it, and will begin to hang around yu,
and say sweeter things than yu ever
heard before, and finally will Civ yu a
chance to keep house on yure own hook.
Yu follow mi advice, Gerty, and see if
he don 't.-JOsh Billings.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
Mad EmperOrs.
yours.

The rumor about the impending in
sanity of the Gear of Russia is not ex-
actly new one. Frequent fits of mel
ancholy have led people before now to
predict that his life would terminate with
softening of the brain. His well-known
friendship for Home, the spiritualist,
and the suddenness with which he was
accustomed to summon the celebrated
medium to commune with him at Ems,
used to make the wiseacres shake their
heads and hint that the Czar was
queer" The Romanoffs have pro-
duced mad emperors before now, though
up to the time of Alexander I. their de-
rangement invariably took rather savage
forms. Paul L., the grandfather of the
present Emperor, was assassinated
through conspiracy of mobiles whom his
violent caprices had goaded to frenzy.
His son Alexander, surnamed the Blessed
the same who did so much to infuse
gentleness into the triumphs of the allies
over Napoleon-died, it is said, from
poison taken under the influence of a
lingering melancholy to which he was
first subject after his return from the
armed occupation of Paris.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
A Famous Rhode Island ChOwder.

Some of our readers, says the Provi
dence Journal, will recall the late James
Brown, q gentleman of genial and accom-.
pllshed manners, some of whose social
sayings have come down to the present
generation, and shall not be gainsaid.
The following is his recipe for chow
der, very famous in his day, and not nj.
together forgotten in ours
ST. JAMES cHowDER FOR SIX.
Take six slices of good picked pork
(pig preferred, and fry them in the bot.
tom of n good-sized dinner-pot, turning
sides. Take out the slices of pork, leav-
ing the drippings in the pot. Take seven
pounds of tautaug, dressed Qeaving the
taug to be preferred), and cut each in
them in two. Place in the pot, on the
drippings, as many pieces of fish as will
fairly cover the bottom of the pot.
Throw into the pot, on the fish, three
handfuls of onions, peeled and sliced in
thin slices. Do not be afraid of the
onions Put in over this salt and pepper
to taste, as in other soups. Then lay on
the six slices of pork, on the top of the
pork the rest of the fish !; cover this with
three handfuls more of onions peeled and
sliced. (Nine or ten onions in both lay
ers will suffice, though more will not in
jnre it, More pepper and salt, to taste
Then pour into the pot water enough
just to come fairly even with the whole,
or partly cover the same. Put the cover
on the pot, place it on the fire. Let it
boil gently and slowly for thirty min
utes. 1t is to boil thirty minutes, not
merely to be on the fire thirty minutes,
and at all events let it boil until the onion
is done soft. Pour in at this point about
n quart ca common bottle) of best cider
or champagne, and n tumbler full of port
wine, and at the same time add about two
pounds of sea biscuits.
NOte.-If, when the onion is done, you
find there is not liquor enough in the
pot, soak the sea-biscuit in water for a
few moments before putting them in. I
would recommend the practice gener-
ally.
After the cider, wine and crackers are
put in, there is no harm in stirring the
whole with long spoon, though it is
not necessary. Then let the whole boil
again (not merely be over the fire) for
about five minutes, and the chowder is
ready for the table. Before dishing up
let the cook taste it and see whether It
lacks pepper or salt, when, if it does, it is
n good time to add either.
Note.-Also, never boil n potato in
chowder. If you want potatoes, boil
them in n separate pot, and serve in q
separate dish on table.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
United States Lighthouses.

The annual report of the Lighthouse
Board of the United States, after review
ing the organization, character and his
tory of that branch of the service, says
The magnitude of the lighthouse sys-
TEN of the United States, and conse-
quently that OF the duties of the Board
and the responsibilities connected with
them, may be inferred from the follow
ing facts:
First-The coast from the St. Croix
river, on the boundary of Maine, to the
Rio Grande, on the Gulf of Mexico, in
cludes distance of 5000 miles.
Second-The Pacific coast has a length
of about 800 miles.
Third-The great northern lakes about
5000 miles.
Fourth-The inland rivers of 700
miles making total of more than 10,
600 miles.
The following table exhibits synopsis
of what has been accomplished in aid OF
navigation along these extended lines, by
far the longest of those of any nation in
the world
Lighthouses and lighted beacons Cos
Lighthouses and lighted beacons finished
and lighted during the year ending July
i, 1874. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. q
LlghtshipS IN position. Observation-Disclosures. 81
Fog signals operated by steam or hot air
Day or unlighted beacons. ns....... 34t
Buoys in position. Sc.
An appropriation of $4,000 is asked
for the proper preservation of the re
cords and means of rendering them
raoIilxy anoaooiIla
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
The Brown Thrush.

There is merry brown thrush sitting mp in
the tree.
I" He's singing to me He's singing to mo ~
And what docs he ray, little girl, little boy
go, tho worlds running over with joy!
Don't you hcar2 Don't you see2
Hush Look! In my tree
I'm as happy as happy. can be ~
And tho brown thrush keeps singing, ga
nest do you sec,
And five eggs, hid by mo in the juniper
troe?
Don't meddle don't touch little girl, little
boy
Or the world will lose some Of it's joy.
Now I'm glad! now I'm free
And always shall be,
Ii you never bring sorrow to me-"
SO the merry brown thrush sings away in the
tree,
To you and to me, to you and to me;
And he sings all the day, little girl, little boy,
40, the worlds running over with joy
But long it won't be,
Don't you know? don't you see?
Unless VIC are as good as can be?"
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
Luster Sheep, a New Breed.

At recent exhibition in Bremen
fleece was exhibited from South Australia
of yearling ram, which was remarkable
for its fine silky luster and softness, and
the unusual length (over five inchesl of
the smooth, fine wool, as well as for its
beautiful, almost dazzling whiteness. All
were satisfied that fine, firm yarn, and
very superior cloth could be made from
it. 1t was stated that it was q result Of
in and in breeding of Negresi sheep
with Leicester Qincoln) rams the num-
ber of generations required was not
stated, however.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
A Hundred Extinct Volcanoes.

The San Francisco Chronicle gives the
following in an account of recent
meeting of the Academy Of Science of
that city: DIR. Hardness spoke of dis
covcries made by himself in parts of
Plumas and Lassen counties little known
hitherto, A tract of country containing
about 5000 square miles, he described
not only as volcanic, but showing
traces of recent volcanic action, and hav-
ing within its limits 100 extinct volca-
noes. A large crater on the dividing
line of the two counties had damned up
the lake, giving it new outlet, and
spreading its waters over an area of three
square miles. The volcanic cone is higher
than Vesuvirls. Ashes and scorie are
scattered all down its sides. In differ
ent parts of the lake are strlmps of trees,
some of them forty-fve feet in height,
and showing above the surface. Some
of them, standing OH the lava, are only
partially burned through, indicating
that the matter elected from the volcano
was not all in a melted state. In other
places occur round cavities, which were
sounded by DIR. Hardness and his party,
and stumps found at the bottom. Higher
up, the trees, though untouched by the
lava, were burned by the heat The
growth of portion of tho trees since
the eruption shows about twenty five
annular rings. The lava from the vol
cano covers about 100 square miles. An
old resident of Red Bluff, who was in
the neighborhood in 1853, told the doc
tor that he saw a bright sheet of flame
rising from the mountain, which con-
tinued during his entire stay. Shaved
Head, an old Indian of the Mill Creek
tribe, says that in his youth the region
was alive with volcanoes in active oper-
alton.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23
No Necessity for Change.

Moore's Rural NeaO Yorker. advises
every farmer who is doing well and MAX
ing fair income from bis special kind of
farming to be cautious in changing itfor
other branches concerning which he is
not familiar, for the chances are that the
new business will not yield any more
profit, and perhaps not so much as the
one with which he is acquainted. We
believe the profits from dairying are
often overestimated and while its ad-
vantages are often the topic of discus
sion and laudation, it is proper that some
of the disadvantages be made to appear,
and then the balance of account may be
struck and no one need be led astray.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23

soon after killed by an engine on level
crossing. always made out that it was
an accident my being fastened in the
points, and that Dick was trying to save
me but now that he is dead, there is no
harm in telling the whole truth.
The tribune. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1874-1876, 1874-12-23

-Four thousand persons waited in the
streets all night at Paris to see the execu-
ton of Moreau, who poisoned his two
wives--and the execution was postponed.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-30
ENGLAND.
Cheap Labor rendered from America COMPETE
ton for the Emigrant Transit Trade
Municipal Festivities.

LONDON, April 30, 1874
A meeting OF farmers was held ut Newmarket
yesterday to consider the present difficulties with
che agricultural iaborers. Among the speeches
delivered was one by a Mr.. Wood, q native of Eng
LAND, but now a resident Of OHIO, " no 0rfered to
bring from that State any number of persons VINO
were willing to work for fourteen shiliings week
in Place OF the iaborers now locked out.
STEAMSHIP COMPANIES RIVALRY FOR THR AMERI-
CAN TRANSIT TRADE.
A conference OF owners and agents OF the steam.
ships which ply between Liverpool ana New York
is in session In the former city, and will end FRI
day next 1t is reported that the close OF the con-
ference will be the signal for system OF vigorous
competition between the various lines, and that
freight ana passenger rates will be reduced.
MANSION HOUSE FErEs.
A magnificent banquet and ball were given to-
night by the LORD MAY or at the Mansion House.
Among the distinguished persons present were
the Prince and Primo. So Of Wales and the Duke
and Duchess OF Edinburgh.
The city was brilliantly illuminated In honor Of
the event.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-30
The APRIL SNOW STORM.

By the almanac yesterday was next before the
last day In the second month OF spring. Already
the geniai season" is two thirds gone, yet nature
appears to have overlooked the progress Of Sol
in his return towards the northern tropic
line. During the present week we have had
In New York three distinct and certainly sut
fciently decided snow storms, two OF them occur
ring yesterday-one early in the day and the
second in the middle OF the afternoon, when
the air was thick with the falling flakes,
though the ground was 80 wet, not to
say warm, as to melt it as it fell While these IN
wOnted win.ry visitants have fallen upon us we
have also suffered from such chill winds as belong
only 10 February or early March, Under their
frosty influence neither the trees nor the ladies'
have shown many symptoms OF donning their
summer suits. Still, with the thermometer
ranging in the low thirties. the bellies carry
NUTS and the buds refuse to open their
treasures OF freshly imported and new
" designed styles In green, pink, orange
Central Park visitors In all this region the vege-
tatiOn of the season Is unusually backward. More
over. the late driving storms have beaten large
portion OF the swelling buds from the branches.
covering the ground with the fragments and
largely contracting the prospect, not alone or the
wOnted foliage Of early summer, but OF the fruit
blossoms as well
The following record will show the changes in
the temperature for the past twenty-iOur hours,
In comparison with the corresponding day OF last
year, as indicated by the thermometer at Hudnuts
pharmacy, HERALD Bnildlng:-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-30

An Extra Tax Levied on Inoome-Customs Du-
ties Paymsnt-Kunicipal Taxation.

HAVANA, April %, 1874
decree by Captain General Concha establishes
an extraordinary contribution or ten per cent on
ell incomes exceeding $1,000 annually. ONLY the
army and navy are excepted. The contribution is
payable in bank notes. The proceeds OF the in
come tax Is destined to the payment OF the public
debt and the redemption Of The paper currency
CUSTOMS DUTIES.
Another decree establishes the payment OF
duties and taxes, onecuarter in gold after the LIST
OF May and one-half In gold on the lst OF july
reservng the further increase OF the gold share to
some future time.
The stamped paper, lottery tickets and income
tax continues payable in paper.
IMPORTS.
Merchandise imported previous to May Is not
subject to the Aforesaid schedule Of duties. At
pleasure the government will admit paper pay
ment at rate to be fxed as the equivalent OF the
gold share due in iutnro.
RESERVED RIGHTS.
The government reserves the right to make
special laws regarding the above for such parts OF
the island where paper does not circulate.
City taxes are subject to the same law.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-30
JAPAN.
0alcial American Report Of Provincial Insur-
rsction-F Foreign Naval Movement for the
Protection Of Nagasah-War
Feeling Aga INST Corsa.

WASHINGTON, April %, 1874
Captain Calhoun, in his despatch to the Navy
Department, dated March q, says That he had re-
ceived Information that an iDsurrection was
raging At saga, On the island OF Kioo-Sioo and
that 1t was reported that number Of insurgents
we're marching ON Nagssaki; mat measures were
being taken TO protect all foreigners, and that the
British gunboas RingG0ve and the Russian cor
vette Bogatyn were at that place.
AMERICAN AID IN THE RESTORATION OF PEACE.
He Captain Calhoun) says:--'I az once ordered
the Lacxawanra to proceed TO Nagasakl without
delay. She arrived on the 26th uls., ann Captain
McCauley reported the excitement abating. He
again reported TO me, under date or March 8 that
on the 27th uit the imperial troops gained
o victory over the insurgents and on
tho 2sth entered Saga, Capturing the
castle, and that the Instruction was auelled
saga, where the insurrcclion took place "a abpur
forty miles ron NaEasaki IL was Thought that
the whole province Of Flzen In when SaQa n
situated, together with the provinces on uu, and
Satsums, the three most powerful provinces in
Kinsin, were IN revolt against the governInen a.
they were said to De seriously disanected but the
revolt was quickly suppressed by the government
forces. The insurgents we're composed chiefly Of
the Samura class, formerly retainers OF the
DaImios aud were said to be trying to restore
Tie valr,ios to their ioruer authority ana 70
make war upo2 Ccrea."
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-30
MEXICO.
The Stephens Murdsr-Indian Troub!es-A Rev
oluhonst Leader Observation-Disclosures
can Diplomacy for National Rec
onciliation with France.
CITY OF MEXICO, April 70, /
Via HAVANA ADril 20. IATA.

CITY OF MEXICO, April %,
Via HAVANA, April 20, 1874.
Quirino Rubi0, another OF the murderers OF the
Rev. Mr.. stephens, has been condemned to death.
1t IS reported that two Guadaiajara journalists
who attacked the Catholics on account OF the muir
der OF Mr.. Stephens have been foully dealt with.
One has been poisoned and the other has disap-
peared
FRIENDLY DIPLOMACY FOR RECONCILIATION TO
FRANCE.
Secretary Fish has informed Minister Mariscal
that nc believed o favorable opportunity has ap-
pea-ed to re-establish friendly relations with
France, and that the United States would lend Its
good oltlces for that purpose. Senior Mariscal In
formed President LerdO OF Secretary FIsh's pro-
posal, and was answered that Mexico has already
manifested desire and was still disposed to
renew the relations with those nations which had
Interrupted them oy Intervention, whenever such
nations directly manifested this desire and euui-
table bases could be adopted.
The Diario tOficiaD says since this reply no
steps have been taken in this business.
INDIAN Raid.
The Apaches are raiding In Chihuahua.
ASSASSINATION.
Sotero Lozano, famous revoluti0nist. has been
assassinated at Tezontepec
RESIGNED.
Escobedo has resigned the Governorship of San
Luis Potosl.
The cold weather has killed the wheat crop In
Michoacan.
RAILWAY CAPITALISTS CALLED ON TINE.
The concession granted to q company proposing
to build Mexican railroads and requiring II to
make deposit expires on the 3oth inst. The gov
eminent has notified the parties to come to time.
1t is generally supposed that they cannot comply.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-30
THE ENGLISH TURF.
Close Of the EPSON Spring Meeting Raoe for
the Great Metropolitan Stakes-Royal
George the Winner

LONDON, April 20. 1874.
TINS was the second and last day OF the EPSON
Spring Meeting.
Nace for tho Great Metropolitan Stakes.
The race for the Great Metropolitan Stakes was
won BY Royal George. Inquietnde came In second
and Aldrich the winner OF the City and Suburban
Handicap yesterday third.
THE BETTING.
The betting just previous to the start was to l
against Royal George, to against InQuietude,
and to against Aldrich. Six horses ran.
THE RACE
The summary 10 as f0llows:-
The Great Metropolitan Stakes (handicap), Of Is
eovereignS EACH 10 Iorlelt and only ) II declared
BY noon. February 3. with 200 sovereigns added,
the owner OF the second horse to receive 90 SOW
eretgnS out of the stakes: about two miles and q
quarter 20 subscribers, II Of whom pay 8 sover-
elgns eachl.
Mr.. W.. s. Crawfurd's ch G. Royal George. by
TOxophilite, dam Qualed In 1861 by Young
Melbourne out OF The Rescued, four years old. l
Mr.. Lefevre's b. I. Inquietude, by King Tom out
OF Torment. three years old Observation-Disclosures. 2
lord kosebery's b. c. Aldrich qate The Teacher),
by Lecturer out oil Lady Lofty. three years
. VvA y