The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1874-03-13
THE POLARIs.
soien'ine Results Of DR.. Hair. last f,

higher latitude than has been attained
by any other ship.
2. The navigability of Kennard chan
mel has been proved beyond doubt.
4. Upward of seven hundred miles
of coast line have been discovered and
surveyed.
4 The insularity of Greenland has
been proved and
o. Numerous observations have |
been made relating to astronomy, mag
netism, force of gravity, ocean physics, |
meteorology,. zoology, etholgy, bot |
any, and geology. the records of which |
were kept in accordance with the in
structions supplied by the national !
academy, and some of the results of
which we propose briefly to enumerate. !
Great care was taken In determining |
a reliable meridian at Thank-God har-
Dor Soon after entering winter quar-
tiers an observatory was erected on the |
shore, 81 feet above mean sea Level, and
the transit instrum nts stationed there.
The longitude of this station was deter
mined by the observation of 800 lunar
distances a number Of moon culmina-
tions a great number of star transits I;
a number of star EQUATIONS; and a
great number of attitudes of the sun on
or near the prime vertical. Its latitude
accommodation attitudes of the sun,
and a number of attitudes of stars. All
of these observations were lost, but
number of the results have been pre-
served which are sufficient to establish
the position of this station. Besides
the aforementioned observations, 20
sets of pendulum experiments were
made, which are saved. but the obser-
vations for time belonging to them are
lost. r ~rF
The magnetic observations obtained
were more complete than any others
ever before made in the Arctic regions.
The instruments supplied were: One
uniflar declinometer one dip circle,
with Lloyd's needles; one theodolite,
and several prismatic compasses. The
observ tions on variation of declina-
tion were registered at Gottingen, and
were continued for. five months. Read
ings were taken hourly. Besides that,
three-term DAYS were observed every
month, according to the Gottingen reg
ulations, one of these term-days cores
ponding with the days accepted by all
the. magnetic stations. Further, num-
Der of observations were taken either
with the theo3olite or prismatic COM
pass. Whenever possible, the dip was
observed, aud several sets of observa-
tions on relative and absolute intensity
and of the moment of inertia were OBJ
tanned
Unfortunately there was not much
opportunity for taking soundings.
About twelve were obtained along the
coast of Grinnell Land, which prove
that the hundred fathom line follows
the east at distance of about fifteen
miles in Smith Sound. One of these
soundings 600 fathoms) proved highly
Of
lower type than the B0tIybiXs discov-
cred by the English dredging expedi-
tion. It was named Pr0tobGtbybj1ts TO-
6eSoaij. A number of deep-sea tenn
peratures were taken with correspond
ing observations on the density of the
water Following the coast of West
Greenland the limits of the Gulf Stream
were ascertained. Specimens of water
from different depths we're preserved in
bottles, but, unfortunately, lost.
After having entered winter quarters
meteorological observations, which up &c
this time had BEEN made three-hourly,
were made every hour, Washington
time. The register contained observa
tions on the temperature of the air
atmospheric pressure, psychrometriea
observations, directions and force o
wind, appearance of the sky, state o
weather, and both solar and terrestrial
radiation. Besides, all extraordiuar.
meteorological phenomena were care
fully noted.
Special attention was devoted to tn
auroraborealis, which occurred FIRE
uuently. but rarely showed brillian
colors, never bright enough to produc
n spectrum. Whenever necessary, on
observer was stationed at the magnet
ometer and the other outdoors, tn
former observing the motions of tn
magnet, while the other was watchin
the changes in the phenomenon an
taking sketches. Although an electro
scope and electrometer were set up an
the electrical condition of the atmo!
phere frequently tested, in no instanC
could the least amount of electricity
detected. The amount of precipitatio
was measured as carefully as the violer
gales would permit, by means of a raj
gauge supplied with funnel. In FL
raary, as soon as the sun reappeareC
observations on solar radiation wei
commenced and continued throughoV
the entire summer.
ne The collections of natural history al
nearly entirely lost. With the excel
ton of two small cases containing an
mails, minerals, and one package
plants, nothing could be rescued. tt
character of the fauna is North Amer
cam AS 1uulCdbGQ DY bn0 occurrences
the lemming aud the musk-ox. Mi
species of mammals were found, four
which are seals. The birds are repr
sented by twenty one species. III
number of species of insects is abo1
fifteen, viz: One beetle, four butte
flies, six diptera, one bumble-bee al
several lchueumons, parasites in cate
pillars Further, two species of ST
ders and several mites were found. II
animals of lower grade are not V
reldy for examination.
The flora is richer than could
expected, as not less than sevente
phaneragamic plants were eollecte
besides three MOSES, three hchens, a
five fresh water alge.
Although the formation of the upI
silurian limestone which seems to &C
stitute the whole west coast north
Humboldt Glacier, is very unifor
some highly interesting and impnrta
observations have been made. 1t "
found that the land is rising, as int
Gated, for instance, by the occurren
of marine animals in fresh water lal
more than thirty feet above the So
level and far out of reach of the spri
tides. Wherever the locality was fave
able the land is covered by drift, SON
times containing very characters
Theological specimens, the identi6t
ton of which with rocks in Son
Greenland was a very easily aceo
plished task, For instance, garnets
usually large size were found IN la
tude 81 and 80 degrees, having mark
meteorological characteristics by viii
the identity with some garnets fro
Fiskenaes was established. DRAWING
conclusion from such observations