davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03

NTOw IN COURSE OF PUBLICA TI0N, A
IN volume issued every two months till the
work is complete.
TINS CYCLOPRDIA is strictly an AMERICAN
PRODUCTION, and is THE BEST EVER PUBLISHED,
and ms the latest and most thorough, will nat
urally find its way as an indispensable neces-
sity to the library Of every one who aims to
have the most reliable and authelt tic records
at hand to refer to. 1t is no rehash of preyi-
Gus Cyclop@dias nor dictionaries, but is the
result of original compilation and exposition
by the ablest and largest corps OF editors that
ever was engaged on such a work. Our citi
zens will do well to make no contracts for
other Cyelopedias till they have examined
this.
j. II. Freligh will call in person on all as
fast as he can. In the meantime. and at any
time. he will give prompt attention TO letters
on the subject. through the postotice.or left
at his office, No. Al Madison street. Room No.
7, Planters Insurance Building.
REFER TO-IIOn. John League, Mayor; Hon.
John johnson, ex-Mayor; c. w. Goyer. Esq,
President Union and Planters Bank; j. NJ.
Pettigrew, President Chamber Of Commerce.
24-4Q
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03
Eight Dollars per Annun
PUBLIC LEDGER.

VNHE PUBLIC LEDGER is PUBLISHED
i every afternoon Except Sunday at No. 13
Madison street.
The PUBLIC LEDGER is served TO city subscr-
bers by faithful carriers at FIFTEEN CENTS
PER WEEK, payable weekly to the carriers.
By mail lin advanced: One year, IS; six
months. 81 three months. 50; one month.
Newsdealers supplied at "a cents per copy.
Weekly Public Ledger,
Published every Tuesday at so per annum lin
advanced; clubs of FIVE or molc, 81 50.
Communications upon subjects OF general
interest to the public are at all times accept
able.
Rejected manuscripts WILL NOT be returned.
RATES OF ADVERTISING IN DAILY;
First sertion.................SlO W per square
subsequent insertions........,. 5O a, a,
For one week ek.....................'. " " .. ..
ror Two weeks..........'"'.''...''' ~ ~ 80 .,
FOr FOr t1ree onS m~GsS WeeSSs''.'..'''''..'.. S 30
RATES OF ADVERTISING IN WEEKLY:
First insertion. 90 per square
Eight lines Of nonpareil, Solid, constitute
square.
Displayed advertisements will be charged
according to the SPACE occupied, at above
rates-there being twelve lines ofsolid type to
the inch.
To regular advertisers we offer superior in;
ducements, both as to rate Of charges and
manner of displaying their favors.
Notices IN local column inserted for twenty
cents per line for each insertion.
special notices inserted for ten cents per line
for each insertion.
Notices of deaths and marriages, twenty
cents per line.
All bids tor advertising are due when con-
tracted and payable on demand.
All letters, whether upon business or ether
wise, must be addressed to
Il. WHITMORE,
Publisher and Proprietor.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03
Safety Bureau.

THE SUBSCRIBER WILL RECEIVE
j deposits in small or largs sums, and
allow
Interest at the Rate of SIX per cent,
per Anuum.
In order to assure depositors Of their per-
feet safety he would respectfully remind them
that his large interest in city property IS en-
.irely unencumbered, aud becomes security
for all funds which may be placed in his hands.
JOSEPH |. ANDREWS,
No. 252 Front st.
N. B.-The residence and punctuality of
this house for about half a century is another
guarantee Of the promptness by which all its
Obligations will be met on the usual three
days notice. 12-I
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03
CYcLoPEDIA.
/. n. FRELIGH 81 CO.,
Publishers Agents,

Are now Canvassing the City for Subscribers to
AppIetOn's Americas CyelOpRdia,
Revised.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03
Policies issue5 upon Fire, Marine and Inlano
risks at equitable ratee.
j. W. JEFFERSON, President.
IT, DILJARD, Vice Pres't.
6. W.L.GR0OK, Secretary
nIREnTORHi

4 w. JEFFERSON, Of J. W. Jefferson Co.
n. b. DILLARD, Cotton Factor.
4 Il. OLIVER, Of Oliver, finnie X Go.
JoNATHaN RICE, Of Rice, Stix x Co.
WI SIMPSON, Of Petit x Simpson.
R GOODWIN, Cotton Factor.
q. v. RAMBAUT, Of L. M. Appersons&tOo'
1ls-tEz
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03

MANHOOD REsTORRD-A VICTIM OF
M youthful imprudence, causing prema-
ture decay, nervous debility, ETC., having
tried il. vain every known remedy, has found
a sim lesell-cure, which be will send free 70
his le ow sufferers. Address J II. REEVES,
is Ma an street, New York. e0d-lll-xix-S2
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-10-03
RAILROAD G1xE TABLES.

MEMPHIS AND LoUIRvILLE RAILROAD.
Arrives. Leaves.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

vTNHE COOKING STOVES manufactured at our
works in Greensboro, N. c., give universal
satisfaction wherever introduced. They are made
of the BEST SCOTCH PIG METAL, with heav-
ier and thicker plate than any other Stove in tho
market and consequently will the longer with
stand heat and hard usage. They are Of hand
some pattern and neat finish, and warranted equal
in every other respect to any Cooking Stove sold
in the United States, while lis confidently claimed
that they are the CHEAPEST. All the usual
pieces of ware and cooking utensils are furnished
with each Stove. An important consideration
with purchasers is the fact that our patterns and
sizes are never changed. Should piece get acci-
dentaIly broken at any time, we can replace it at
the mere cost of casting. Not simply because 1t
is home production, button account Of its intrin-
sic merits as an article Of house hold economy, do
we ask the patronage Of home purchasers. More
than ONE THOUSAND Of these Stoves are now
in use, and among many others having them we
respectfully refer to the follcwing II. E. Guthrie,
D. NJ. Campbell, M. H. Currence, York county;
Mrs. Elizabeth J. Wylie, Chester; D. A. Gordon,
Guthriesville; John A. Brown, Rock Hill; B: P.
Boyd, Joseph Horndon, L.. M. Grist, Yorkville.
You can save the freight from the northern cities
and the dealers profit which is no small item,
by buying of us, and at the same time get
STOVE THAT IS MORE DURABLE than those
of northern make. The following are our prices,
delivered at depot in Greensboro:
No. g. with 10 pieces ware and feet pipe' sSe 90
Address, SERGEANT & McCAULEY,
Greensboro. N. c.
T. G. DUNLAP, Agent, Yorkville, s. G.
JOHN r. LONDON, Agent, Rock Hill, 8. c.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27
SPECIFIC MEDICINES.
,ssly for and adapted to the

PREPARED expressly for and adapted to the
i Southern Climate,
COMPOUND EXTRACT CORYDALIS'
Is the most powerful and efficient Alternative and
blood-puriiier known. Prepared expressly Tor
Scrofula, EiuptO',s of the Skin and all diseases
which are produced by bad or unhealthy blood
CDR. GREENES FIT CURE"
Cures all kinds of Fits, Spasms and Conclusions
which arise from irritation of the nerve centres.
In Epilepsy, it often stops the fits from the first
days use even when they have existed for years.
"MEDICATED HONEY"
The great remedy for Asthmd Bronchitis, Coughs,
C0iolS Group, Sore Throat and all diseases of the
air passages and lungs. 1t does not sicken the
patient, is pleasant to take, prompt in its action
and does not injure the appetite or impair diges-
ton, as most Expectorants do.
OUR "NEURALGIA SPECIFIC''
Is perfect specific for Neuralgia, Sciatica,
Rheumatism and all muscular or nervous pains,
wherever situated.
These medicines are prepared with great care
from perfectly reliable drugs and for the especial
classes of diseases named on each bottle. No one
of them is claimed as 'cure ALL" They are
identicaly the same that we have used in our
private practice for years, and in thus presenting
them to the public we know whereof we affirm.
They are safe, reliable and efficient, acting quick
ly and thoroughly. Try them, and you will want
no Others Ask your Drug Druggist tor them; o-,.,,,o
DRs. GREENE, LINDLEY & BENTLEY,
Charlotte, n. G.
n. B.-Cancers, Tumors and Ulcers treated as
heretofore by "Kiine's Great Cancer Antidotes,"
at Charlotte, Godsboro and Asheyille, n. c..
December IS 33 1y
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27
THE BROWN COTTON GIN.

vIlHE attention of planters and others is again
called to the above old and reliable make OF
Cotton Gins. They are furnished this year great
y improved and nothing Whch experience of
has been left undone to max them the most reia-
BILE and perfect Cotton Gin in market. AS the re-
suit of our efforts we need only refer to their es-
tablished reputation and widespread popularity.
For Perfection of Workmanship, Strength, Dura-
bility, Light Running, and quantity and quality
of lint produced, we e'challenge competition. We
are prepared to warrant to any reasonable extent
perfect satisfaction to every planter or operator.
The Gins arc sold at the lowest possible prices for
good machines, and on reasonable terms We in
vite examination of the samples in the hands OF
our local agents who will give all desired infor-
nation and furnish applicants with circulars and
copies of commendatory letters from parties using
the Gins in all sections of the cotton planting
country. Circulars Price Lists, and other infor-
nation, may be obtained of our agents or by ad-
VI '' THE BROWN COTTON GIN CO.,
New London, Conn.
ALLEN Il BARBER, Agents,
Rock Hill, S. c.
Nav IA 20 27t
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

NEARLY all diseases originate from Indges-
~ ton and Torpdity of the Liver, and relief is
always anxiOusly sought after. If the Liver is
Regulated in its action, health is almost invaria-
bly, secured. Want of action in the Liver causes
Headache, Constipation, Jaundce, Pain in the
Shoulders, Cough, Chills, Dizziness, Sour Stom-
ach, bad taste in the mouth, bilious attacks, p
taton Of the heart, depression of spirits, or the
blues, anda hundred other symptoms, for which
SIMMONS LIVER REGULATOR is the best
remedy that has ever been discovered. 1t acts
mildly, eifectually, and being simple vegetable
compound, Gun do no injury in any quantities
that it may be etaken. tits harmless in every way.
1t has been used for 40 years. and hundreds OF the
good and great from all parts Of the country will
vouch for its being the purest and best
Simmons Liver Regulator, or Medicine,
Is harmless,
Is no drastic violent medicine,
Is sure to cure if taken regularly,
Is no Intoxicating beverage,
Is a faultless family medicine,
Is the cheapest medicine in the world,
Is given with safety and the happest results to
the most delicate infant,
Does not interfere with business,
Does not d;sarrange the system,
Takes the place ofQuinine and Bitters OF every
kind,
Contains tho simplest and best remedies.
For sale by all Druggists.
March 26 l3 Iva
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

pay 1t is we'll for us often to ask ourselves
in the midst of trials, will this thing much af-
feet me month or a year hence? What
will I think of it in dying day?
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

ay- Why was Adams first day the longest ?
Because there was no Eve. When did Absa-
Iom sleep five in bed When he slept with
his forefathers. Why did Job always sleep
cold ? Because he had miserable comforters.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

pa% Never can we take possession of the
eternal Inheritance which Christ has pur-
chased for US with his own blood, unless we
be restored to that likeness of Jehovah in
which our first parents were created. With.
out holiness mo man shall see the Lord"
"There shall in no wise enter into it anything
that de6leth, neither whatsoever worketh
abomnation, or maketh lie, but they which
are written in the Lambs Book of Life"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

brtdklaSC. T OllIHeI' SUPPe1'
South bound Trains connect at Augusta for all
points South and West. Through tickets sold
and baggage checked to all principal points.
nas- Sleeping cars on all Night Trains.
JAMES ANDERSON, General Sup't.
A. POPE, Gen. Passenger and Ticket Agent.
August 81 tt
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

ssy- You are an immortal creature; a being
born for eternity; creature that will never
20 out of existence. Millions of ages, as nu-
merous as the sands upon the shore, and the
drops of the ocean, and the leaves Of all the
forests on the globe, will not shorten the du'
ration of your being; eternity, vast eternity,
is before you. Every day brings you nearer
to everlasting torments or felicity. You may
die any moment, and you are as near to hea-
ven or hell as you are to death.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

OFFICE CHARLOTTE, COL. q AUG. R. R..
COLUMBIA, S. c., July 81, 1874.
DY recent changes in the schedules of Charlotte,
I'd Columbia and Augusta, and Atlanta and
Richmond Air Line Railroads, arranged for the
especial accommodation of the travelling public,
close connections are now made via Charlotte to
Spartanburg, Greenville and all points along the
line of the A. & r. A. L. Railway and Uia A., T..
& O. and Carolina Central Railroads, for Cherry
Vile, Linconton, Statesville, Hickory Tavern,
Ashevlle, ttc See schedule below:
GOING NORTH.
Leave Columbia, Observation-Disclosures. % A. NJ.
Arrive at Charlotte, ,............... 20 T. M.
Leave Charlotte, viG A. & K. A. l.. r.
Road, 10 I. NJ.
Arrive at Spartanburg, ................ "a +. NJ.
Arrive at Grcenville ................ 10 AZ P. M.
Leave Charlotte, via Carolina Central
for Cherryvlle, &c.,"...."..""".... 90 p. M.
Leave Charlotte, Cia A., T. u 0. r. X.
for Statesville, Hickory Tavern,
etcetera, 20 L. M.
GOING SOUTH.
Leave Greenville, ville,,.........-"......". O6 A. M.
Leaye Spartanburg, 100000. ."........ O3 A. NJ.
Arrive at Charlotte, W A. NJ.
Leave Charlotte, 100000. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. ~ A. NJ
Arrive at Columbia, 2 42 P. M.
Arrive at Augusta, .................... O5 P. M.
Sleeping cars on all Night Trains.
A. POPE, Genl Pas. 81 Ticket Agent.
August 6 81 TT
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

To-Day AND To.MoRRow.-Today we
gather bright and beautiful flowers to-mor-
row they are faded and dead.
To-day wealth of leaves shades us; to-
morrow, scar and fallen, they crumble under
our tread.
To-day the earth is covered with carpet
of green tomorrow it is brown with the with
cred grass.
To-day the vigorous stalks only bend before
the gale; tomorrow leafless, sapless, Il child
may break the brittle stone.
To-day we see the ripening fruit and waving
grain; tomorrow the land is taking its rest
after the toll.
To-day we hear sweet songsters of meadows
and forest, the buzz and hum of myriad in
sects tomorrow breathes softly-all nature
is hushed and silent.
To-day stately edi6ce complete in finish
and surroundings, attracts the passer-by; to-
morrow heap Of ruins mark the site.
To-day there are cattle on on thousand
hills; tomorrow they fall in slaughter.
The fashion of the world passeth away.
But let Christ dwell within in us, and though
we may pass away like the faded leaf and sap
less stalk, weshall "arise to newness of life"
"Where everlasting spring abides
And never whitening flowers"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

A YouNG SPoRTsMAS.-"Dad,i if were
to see duck on the wing, and were to shoot
it, would you lick me?" 80, no, my SON; it
would show that you were good marksman,
and 1 would be proud of you" "Well, dad,
l peppered our old Muscovy duck as she was
hyin' over the fence to-day, and it would have
done you good to have seen her drop"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

ba~ 1t is said that one of the most powerful
remedies for bots in horses is strong decoc-
ton of sage tea, made very sweet. 1t dis
lodges the bots instantly.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27
NOTICE..

ss~"-@-l-~ .,
VkAsggSsr ~ ssgS r1.'-1TJTEl sE..iI!4II.s!!l E5...izI!45II.s!!l
~WWa aI TR " N w ~
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27
CHERAW AND DARLINGTON r. RoAI

The Freight Train will continue for the present
toIrun as heretofore, except to adapt it's running
and stoppages to the changed schedule of the pas
senger trains.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

APPLE WISE-Take sixty pounds of good
brown sugar, one pound of sulphate Of lime,
put into pure sweet cider just from the press,
enough to fill forty gallon barrel. Leave
the bung out forty.eight hours, then bung it
up and leave small vent until fermentation
wholly ceases 1t should be kept in cool
place. When it has ceased to ferment it is
ready for use. The longer it stands the bet
for n ic
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

'Too THIS."- A few days since Il Wash
ington Street tailor hung out sign, "Thin
Coat Makers Wanted" In short time all
exceedingly narrow-chested and cadaverous-
looking female applied for the place. Our
tailor carefully scanned the applicant, and
took in her entire dimensions at a single
glance. "Yes," says the knight of the shears,
II want thin coat maker, but l don't want
one so thin as your are. You are too thin"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

LOT of Ribbons at reduced prices can be
"A seen q. NJ. STRAUSS 4 SONS.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

"Where everlasting spring abidcs
And never whitening flowers"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1874-08-27

A PIECE OF IMrUDENcE-Thisa anecdote
is as good as it is old: A college professor ell
couraged his geology class to collect speci-
mems and one day they deposited a piece of
brick, streaked and stained, with their collec-
tons, thinking to impose on the doctor. TAX
ing up the specimens, the professor remarked,
This is piece of baryta from the Cheshire
mines" Holding up another: "This is a
piece of feldspar from the Portland quarries.
And this" coming to the brick, sis piece Of
impudence from some member Of the class" D."
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1874-01-14
NEW ORLEANS REPUBLICAN. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY IA, 1874

dozen or more planters in Terrebonne
parish to send armed assistance to them,
as they are in danger OF an uproar. Sub
sequert advices represent things IS being
quiet at the scene Of the scare.
We believe there are equities on both
sides of this dispute. which can not be
ignored and dismissed by the respective
disputants. The planters unqrestionably
need relief. They may wor.. the year
round, produce g decen: crop, and then
come cut poor. BIZ: the iaborers do not
cun away with the profits. The ezorbi-
tant prices charged 20 &c: 4 hogshead OF
sugar from Terrebonne or st. Mary parish
to market and sold have more influence
owe. the planters profits than the men 20
whose labor the entire crop is due. .Ad.
v%anc:ng az two and a half per cent. com.
missions on sales the same. from three to
five dollars per hogshead for freight. then
warehouse and drayage charges, etc.
make. all together. g greater tax :han is
paid for raising the sugar. Let the plant.
ers include some Of these items in their
grange movement. and they will 500 he
il q condition 20 come 20 terms with their
hard working and faithful. L.: il: paid
!abc-ers.
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1874-01-14
cAVESDROPFING.

The !nterviewe:s seem played o..
Gentlemen seen. to have discovered tina:
they are under no obligations to open the
doors or Use from: their dinner table
whenever a reporter pulls at their door
bell. Public officers regard rs ;mperti-
nert intruders a fellow who comes to take
notes Of all he sees, and especially OF
what he does not hear. and publish g dis
:or:ed version Q: his visit. Since the &c.
GER: raid o: the PicnyuIs reporter into
ce:.ai n off;cia! circles he seems 20 have
found both the doors and mouths sealed
against :urthe: speech with him. So the
reporter is reduced to the necessity Of
eayesdroprin: the conversation going on
around him. Q: these he manufactures
the most stirring state Of events. A new:
election is inevitable, the Republican
party is divided and detached, the Gus
tomhorse IS % be ripped Up and reorcar-
lied. We fee! authorized to state TIA. 81!
public men prefer eavesdropping to being
interviewed by force. The key hole Is in
Infinitely more agreeable than the button
hole. lie: the eavesdroyline. then. super
sede the interviewing. Il commits no.
body. and may be treated as any other
idle gossip, 20 which no cons;dey.:e per-
son Yields the least attention.
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1874-01-14
LABOR TROUBLES.

We seem 70 be especially afflicted with
troubles Of one sov; o. another in the
country parishes nearly al! The time.
Usually these difficulties spring from
what are called. for the sake Of po!iteness.
political questions such w designate
the miserable little squahDies ove. small!
country offices. The question Q: color
has also had its influence il arous;ns the
gentle Iioosie:s Of 81. Mary. ~Tegrebcnne,
Franklin. Grant. Eapiaes. Catalonia and
VIM TO make war in :he much :.b,.s.a
name Of liberty.
Now. however. We have l.1c: ;io:s.
Some sor: o: an understanding has been
entered into by the planters throughout.
the sugar region for . reduction Of the
pay cs the laborers. As there are tu; lev
white men out there who work 0. p.auta.
tons or anywhere else. !: a!mos: becomes
g question o: color. i few years ago the
gvea: cry Of alarm wen; W. ''Nil! the
negro work. nov tina. lie is !-ae::' To
which tie REPUBLICAN promptly replied.
Certainly. i; he is paid promptly and a:
tlirrates."Th planters have found ou: that
we were right. Is usual. and their fears
idle. And now. ha,in. solved a principal
feature o: this rattle. easy problem. they
want to push the experimen. still further.
They want to sec if the negro vii! work
fox mex. 20 nothing AZ al. They have
therefore lowered his pay from twenty
dollars to thirteen dollars pc. month. and
trouble is the consequence. Governor
Kellogg has been appealed % by half 3
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1874-01-14

tortuous channel. It is now anchored in
the harbor of q confirmed and indisput-
able hope. !: has assembled on a ladder
Of logic. every round OF which !: has
kicked away, to the topmost Of an aerial
imagination. whence it looks on: on an
unbroken ezpanse OF expectation. The
Piccyu'e can neither perceive itsel: nor
persuade others that any solid ground is
perceptible. The joyous cry 0: land ho :
will never greet its ears. and the P.eHggas
and party will gradually awaken TO the
rigid realities of their wandering and
forlorn condition. l.: Z: note OF
the log book tina: on Ii. men,
orable thirteenth, Q: January. .S.4. j:
first recorded the admission tina: there
would be little use now to attemp: 20
thwart the will Of Congress and the execu-
tive This conviction and confession
dissipates the illogical dream q: a new
election and brings the !:cr.a.7. 70 3
Republican anchorage. alongside the
Times and other sagacious Journals which
became convinced o: the anne great truths
at somewha: earlier period. We we.-
come these tardy converts. and as We tau.
leave Of one nautical figure. give them the
assurance that We vii! oppose no impede
men! to their taking renewed registry
under the Republican flag. however
cratic. no: to say %savorin: Of politica!
piracy. may have been their voyage
heretofore.