, 1874-09-05

considerable City OF Frankfort. OH Tho ntvor
0dor,-a large. nasigable 1troan,, extending
Prussia. Why . locatton OFT tho itelgniflcant
Bproo, in tie midnt Of tho grcnt Ir,sAinn dcrort,
WIS proforrcd to The obviously superior o1la Of
Frankfort on tho Oder. where tho country Is
fnr moro fertile and better ttnherol md watcrca,
Ii s,nconceivabin. But moro Uncomfortable stfll Ia
1t that tho Capital
WAg NOT REMOVED - roranAM,
which was founded by Frederic Wilhelm, IT tho
Great E(cotor," about tho year 1GI0, when Derlin
waa Htllt but small place. o.---lttlo more ttan
lived, aud It was tho place Of roHideuce Of tho
Frederic the Groat Altoa Il With natacea aud
public buildings, aud established Tho Court thoro
for mAny yeara. potadan Ia but 20 ruiioa FROM
11crlin. to tho Routhwcst md IL situated Oil tho
bank Of thu nitor navol, which thoro oxpandp
Into n lako, with nnoly-woo1od. picturesque,
atopng bnnlt8,-coniocttng with chnln Of prot
y lnhos both above and below u. Tho hlugglH',.
or tifteon nilca nboyo Potsdarn. Now, ths
wonld 1avo boon bonutifui site for tho Capital,
Ti,oro tho drinking water is p1irer. tho country
bettor wooded md fnr moro fortilo, and tho oil.
mate moro equable,-belag loss bleak ond cold
summer. Tho 11ayol ia good, nayigab!o
atroan,, and ruas iuto tho Elbo, the largest aud
moat Important rivor In PruBBa~
tons aud I'd nj natural advantages of Potstlarn over
l'orllo, tho Capital ro1naincd III tl!e mldst
Of the aand-waBteB Oh the banks Of tho 1ttto
Bproo, on u spot whore IT nevor could DO forti-
1scdt and IN region whero itnoyor @ could 30 fod
to capture and plllnaer by ovory tnVatlor, and
Ind to send to long DISTANCES hbroad for 1nehts,
vegotnbes. and bread. All other European Cap
inls arc surrounded by fruitful garlcnb and for
ing it may seem that such spot was selected
and persisted in artcr tho Murdcr must l,svo
boen demonstrated to tho dullost aprrc-
lcnnion, it is still more wonderful, that
shG4a hxS 19nn Ro on4 o Of ot a
II proves that tlio Capital Of nation will grow
IN p1:t7AScE OF AL NATURAL onsTAcLEH.
anil TINT commercial or manufacturing adyan-
tngas OF position arc not oBaontial to tho pros
pority OF tho national headquarters. Berlin Inns
increased c1actiy in proportion to tho growth
of pruRfn in population wen!tll, md onterpriso.
t Wllot, the railrond-system began to bn ostab-
lshrd, say in 1880. the Capital already numbered
nenrly gunrtor of 4 million of inhabitants, nntl
This growth was 1nnlnlv Accumulated by con-
Meeting tho city with large canals leading to tho
Oder and thn llbo and ntiliz(ng tho lfltlc River
Spree as n nayiGabla outtct into tho Hayc1 nnu
abled tho businessmen Of Dorlin to renct ont
beyond tho Hnn1-tlasort which surrounded
them into moro fertiie portions OF tho Kingdom,
| and to gain nccosa to the sea through Hamburg
ut tho mouth Of tho Elbo, anl Stcttiu at tho
ontfet Of the 0t1oy But tho official population
Of bureaucratic Government liso Prussia iB
| very t,1norous.-enolgh to constitute con-
! siderable city Of taolf; aud tlscn tho continual
! preBenco Of IN ontiro army corps noccssitatcB
| tho expenditure Of enough money to give cl-
| p1oymcnt to many pcraous. Berlin llaH 0lso be-
| como the chief 0tr1nan manufactory for ar1uv-
| clothing and munitions Of war. oxccpt cnn''on.
1t l,aH also becomo tho chiof placn for t!fo nau
facturc Of lnco1notiv 8 and raiiraY-carR.
HY1sFr4 trfft I
| hayo already boen conGttucted jsoro-many
| on Russian orders. This branch Of bus-
moss gives constant employment to many
| thousands Of worl,ncn., The 'opnir-s!iops
iocatod in n berlin. Tho railro.a-buslnosH
nloue which centres hero III sufficient to support
| n large CITY. Tlle German National Mint iB IN
! Berlin nlso tho great National Bank. Tho
bulk OF tho railroad .stocka Of Germany orc hold
here, anl Tie railroad Dirontors and officers
| have their reaidences here. Tho National Cap
ital naturally attracts tnwnrda itaclf tho aristo.
| cratic, wealthy, and fashionable claasos Of tho
Empire and tho qualification Of their wants re-
quircB the aervicos Of troops Of servants. aud
| tho 1,rofuHo expenditure Of nl0uoY among tic
| shopkcercrs md puryeyors, am,'hemout-lnau-
| agars and 'cnrrlage-nsahets, and otor c!nBAos.
All tllcao oauBcs combined llaya proven sufficient
to create and Huppolt q city Of million of aonls
/! III tlesort Of sand However, tho surrounding
| country III
| NOT 1ogAL1.y pEsTtruyE or vEaEvAnIG L1rE.
| A oentnry, Of pcraovorinE efforts has finally
| caused 1t to support a acnnty growth OF root
orop8 4 little grass. md bomo fcoblo grain. l
aaw oats foot high, ry,o 2 foet hish., aomao
good POTATOES, bceta, aud turnina. I'ta n1othatl
employed by Frederick the Great 100 years ngo
to reclain, ttlia barron land, VIA ia aow 1t III
tnr7lips nnd bccts. aud lot them rot in tll<
clover would grow; aud to ntow it umlor
to tho same cnf. md to keep repeating
tl,o rrocesa t,ntil potatoes- would grow
md cattlo could DO paaturcd OIL tho clover
In the mcantmo, a!l tho manure ntgllt-gotl, n,st
Earbngo Of the city woro carefully awoptt MP
gatharcd and collected and carried OF to t!,oAt
sntl-nlaiua to aid tho vegetable strugglo for life
Tho quantity OF tlleHo fsrtiiizo,s now is ncces:a
riv immense, Rnd Of coslsae taoy effect conuar
nho results in reclaiming tho surrounding tles
ing place in tile scenty productiyencHa Of t,'
surrounding country. 1}ut, notwithstanding al
those aids, and the efforts Of generations. th
moro n man owns of tiiia miserable land til
1,o0ror ho is, au tho lcBa ho has Of it tno bottle
i.o In OF. ....,
Tho grent municipal prohlsm distractins tn
Thoughts and engrosaing tho attention o; The MI
thoritics at Berlin han boon how to
aEr 11D OF TIFF SEWAGE.
What Emil be 1ono with it7 The Att.o Spro
il polluted, aud in hot weather smclla faarfnlly
reminding ono Of tho condition nf tho Chtca{'
River before tue caunl was doopcncd. or Of I'll,
North Branch At tho present tinle Moro sewage
imp,iritios nro discharged iuto tho Spree Than It
s,lggtah curront during tho dry soason uau carr
away, and thero is no larger stream within man
ntlos OF tito city. n graat canai might DO daE t
tho Odor 1siyor, so or 10 miles dBtant II tier
wcro aay fail, Int tho intervening country In
dnad ]eve.; and 1t In dead leyo!, almost. IN TIL
Opposite direction, to tlo 13tbe, 60 or 10 mile
from Deriin. Boailc5 1t In into thu Elbo. throns
tho Havel, that the filth of tho Spree Is dfn
charged. --
I WIion the citv began to grow rapidly, n aozo
began to awaken to tho obyioun neccE
Hity OF a11 improved system Of sewerage
Committees Of tho City Council wore appolnto'
to investigate the subject, aud report plan q
roliof. They in turn. callod to their ad scien
tl!1c experts WHO COLLECTED q vast amount q
data, visited nil the great oItioa Of thu world OK
ahmed ,hoir ayatouas, and reported tho result {
their inquiries. As ofton aH q plan was sui
mitted 70 this pah!ic for adoption, other rciet
tit,c investigators would orlticiBo 1t 10 tloatl
pointing ont lta dafocta and shortcomings. Th
investigation lsaa hcon todiouHiy pnrsnod for tu
yours, during which timo the city has double
In population, ntd the smells have qnadrurlc
in volume and insonsity. Tho Spree has boo
befouiod until
1r - AJsroST .1HnEs EsrAET,Y