New-York tribune., 1874-09-10


country plagued with them. and Is preparing to dis
simaitan anoousiy. however with their departure the
Democratic party its pretensops to the favor OF
the people brief examination @ OF them w TO, nS os
the initial stage OF the Democratic party were the same
Both recognized the indefeasibty OF human rights,
slavery. With jefferson. Democracy came in, ana MIN
Lincoln, Repubcanism went out. since Llnoon 1 .no
and saSe me the Democrats party done
better. With many yicssitudes OF various even. ns
IL for three quarters OF century contrved 70 po re-
earded by the masses as the champion of their rights
while its have confcted with the very % its
revepges and at the last IN 1861 setting itself agan
its birth principle OF human equality ene Pary aa
versary was preferred for supporting since tnen
had only uncertain dependence upon tne PoPuar
rupt M could not be, for the want OF opportunity se
sn it not for the want OF power fTncIPSs 1sv v
events and by experience
moving under the momentum ofits memories anu traur
Great has been the msdrection OF It's legislative ener-
ges 10 ts recent probationary experience with the ex
cepon of four the entire party vote OF 1878 was cast III
the House of Representatives bodily against the Trans
poraton blIa bill whose principal provision pronlpt
rates between the different States but the coroary OF
the constitutional proposition that railroads engaged IN
nerS traffic employed In Interstate commerce..
IN any one of the party tests be supposed TO have
been more pronounced than another IL was 1hat OF
specefounded currency As lately as at the BaItmore
Convention in 1877 1t solemuly pronounced that =
speedy return to specie payments Is demanded alike o
the highest COnSb1eraIlOn5 VI
ser neary onehaf OF Its leaders In the United States
senate were voting scheme Of paper currency In
stion compounded of corruption, fraud and National
repudiation:, ,,.,. o ,uox oxtroct TIM nos.,b,s
consolation that on the question Of naneea question
OF first magnitude the national So9ncils-party lines
have been thoroughly effaced. Thls ancient party,
whose boast has been that foundations lay broad and
deep In the political formation Oh hard money
period sacrificed In the last Congress one ha OF ls
presentatyes in the cause OF its principles and devoted
the remaining onehalf to the mammon OF legal tenders
and greenbacks Not only 10 Soysa
organizations snrmounted the barriers when dviueu
them, and formed an array OF two new d pn
publicans. In the Senate at one time, 10 RspuO-
cans fused with eight Democrats TO make up the sum
of InHatonists; aud in the House. ll3 Republicans
with 50 Democrats. At the same le 10 NIL the tae OF
hard money contractionlsts, Is RepuOicans amagam am
pubicans with 20 Democrats in the House. AS II 10
stamp into irretrievabe wreck the iragmentary re-
mains of both the old parties the Senate supplemented
their unparalleled efforts with vote involving specie
resumption in which 27 Republicans united with eight
Democrats In its favor; while "a combined vote Of los
Republicans s5 Democrats against, and of So Rpu0-
cans and Democrats IN favor OF IL, terminated the
financial efforts of the House.
Ii should certainly that the most urgent national
need is the resumption Of our interrupted relations
with the commercial wOrld-specie resumption; the
direct way which is clearly through the gradual re-
tirement Of the legal tenders Their employment In the
offices Of gold, relieving gold OF its uses here, neces-
sarily remitted it elsewhere TO the foreign market
Upon their withdrawal from circulation, gold must as
inevitably return from abroad as supply is inevitable
upon demand Thus the gradual reappearance of gold
would necessarily follow the disappearance OF the legal
tenders the natural path to specie resumption with
violence to the monetary interests which would In
sensby adjust themselves to the change with goid
currency the process OF banking may be safely COM
mited TO Its immutabe laws. The statute should not
tramme IT, Gold will not fail TO flow wherever lbs pres
ence is required TO the local currency. Nor
will the most untrammeled system OF free banking ever
be able to maintain paper currency In excess OF the
gold with which the community believes its vaults are
supplied -,
with much force Is that embraced
the Transportation bill introduced into the last Con-
gress with the object of prohibiting railroads from
ryng freight between the several states at unreasonable
charges. Its cOnsttutionaity rests securely on the
nroposition that railroads engaged in interstate traffic
are employed in commerce between the States. The
adoption OF the present Federal Constitution was the
direct OF the inadequacy OF the articles of
confederafon 10 provide uniform system OF CONNER
cia regulations and therefore or their 1nadequacy 10
the of the Union. Experience had shown the
nsufciency of Government without legislative power
TO regulate the commerce between its members WIN
possibly conflicting commercial regulations governing
fbe commercial intercourse By several States rival
interests must have provoked frequent evasons OF the
laws of each other; while the foreign that
struggled feebly shores must as necessarily have
languished under the uncertain, shifting and mufa-
rios rules of envous and dscordant States Hence
article in the present Constitution which confers
Congress the power TO regulate commerce with for
esn ag5 trbes %hont the to regulate eom
among the several States the essential power TO
regulate foreign commerce would obviously have been
incomplete aud Intellectual Says MIR. Madison in the
Federalist: -
very material object Of this the relief OF the States
which aud through other state, from ise Improper
latter these al liberty regulate
be load the articles import and export during the passage
of the crnst We may assured
and both 6I that ard common knowledge Of Affairs that
would DOunsh increasing and not mpObAb terminate in
Ii the states not restrained from interference
with the commerce between themselves, the discrmin
ating duties they would induoitaoy impose on the i'm
ports consumed and the exports produced beyond their
effect on the interests OF the consuming and producing
States. Should the unfriendly levy be exaoed indi
rectly in the FORM OF regn ot urecty IN tne
form OF duties IL Is apparent that the Constitutional
ofiense would be none the less real So that II the
States may not drectly, hetner can tney @ 1
pose duties on imports and exports consumed or made
In other States during the through their bor
under the name OF duty OF OF freight IN either case
the Constitutional oense Is complete LII ono state can
resort 10 such conIryance SO evidently can all tne
States. and the power conhded TO Congress
by the Constitution of regulating commerce with
foreign nations would in this manner be practically de-
feated by scale OF railroad freights extortionate
and exhaustng as to be prohibitory, as well OF the
export of the OF the farmer of the import OF
the foreign fabric Thus would not only Interstate
commerce. but It's DEPENDENT our Foreign commerce, DC
the mercy Of dey0uring railroad Ron9p4nes; ana
the very creatures OF the states DO suffered to perpe
trate the evils which the Constitution forbids to the
themselves the cry Is deserving OF no
which Of the danger OF eentrazng power In the
General Government In this instance IL belongs 10 IT,
not, still would De better connded WIN OongresS
tnan TO be exercised by inhospltaoe ana tyrannlcal
railroads - far better employed In preserving ana
regulating our foreign and internal commerce than per-
United to rapacious hands, consprng TO PROSTATE the
general producing interests OF the country;
needless TO extend inquiry INTO Other measures
equally necessary 10 the general interests More
essential Just now is the guaranty which the people
should exact Of administrative reforn-a guaranty
evidently within neither the power nor the disposition
OF either OF the old parties TO make Hence the per-
ceptibe loss OF confidence in them and the popular
tendency observable to political combinations.
These may not be shaped into definite forms during the
present year. They probably VIII not be- but they are
evertheless certain tho not distant future to
throw the organizations which now divide our political
world and to mtreneh themselves IN popular favor In
rho mean time our disposition should be 10 10
utmost the principles which uphold constitutional gov
ernmeu and patiently 10 await that general movement
~ tne people which years OF successful Intrigue,
chicane and pecuation TO precpitate at last
upon the unscrupulous demag0gue and scurVy politician
Gen. Cochranes words were received with great