The Portland daily press., 1874-07-15
Farm and Garden.
THOROUGHBRED AND FULL-BLooD.

THOROUGHBRED AND FULL-BLOOD.
An animal containing fffleen-sixteenths of
thoroughbred blood is designated as full blood.
10 acquire this, cold booded animal, or
one OF common or indiscriminatey mixed
blood, mast have received four iniusions of
thoroughbred blood. The first cross would
give us half blood; the second a three-quar-
ter blood; The third seven-eights, ana the
fourth a filteen-sixteenths-bred animal.
Many breeders consider q eights-bred
animal as full blood. A thoroughbred is an
animal that may be traced through the herd
book, or the turf register, TO given ancestor
without intermxture with impure blood. In
cattle, the Short-horns are called thorough
bred, the Devons pure-blood, the latter being
ANIMALS that come constant in color and char
acteristics. They are distinct race of cat
tie. The Short-horns in c9ttle, and racing
stock in horses are descended from mixed
breeds. Western Rnrdl.
HAY AND OTHER CROPS.
A question widely discussed involves the
relative value of the wheat, cotton, tea, and
hay tcrops of the world Which of these
products employs the greatest amount of the
worlds capital? 1t is said that hay leads the
rest, and the items that enter into the ae-
count as stated a!e somewhat startling. Cot
ton and tea are local crops, while hay is pro-
duced everywhere the world over, and thus
the hay crop outweighs either OF the two.
The aggregate reported value Of all farm
products tor 1870 was S2, ,447 ,53S, 1858; but rs
this includes additions to stocks, ''better-
ments," &C., it is probably too high. Now,
the hay crop for that year-that is, the grass
dried and cured for Use o. solids reported
at over 27,OO0,000 tons. This, at half the
selling ptee in the large cities, would amount
TO S405, 900, and is far greater than the
aggregate home value of the cotton crop or
IL D,,t al
u portion OF the grass crop. The other por-
ton is used ON the ground, and it requires
considerable calculation to get at the value
so used, even in the toughest way.
In the first place, live stock, including
horned catte, horses, sheep, swine, &C., to
the value of 81. .525, ,000,0 900 were fed from il
that year. Averaging the lives of these ut
five Years, we have one-fifth of that sum as
representing the grass fed 10 them in 1870,
namely, $780,, ZOO, 900; next, We find the val
ue of the anitlals slaughtered for food in that
year to be S3O9,000,000, and as this is an an
nual product, the whole OF it will, tor the
present be credited to the grass crop; next,
we find that the butter crop OF 1870 was 5l4,-
000,000 pounds, which, at tie low average of
twenty-five cents, amounts to S127 900,
and this goes TO the credit of the grass next
we have 235,000,000 gallons of milk, which,
averaged at the low estimate OF ten cents per
gallon, adds S25, 100000 more to the credit
of the grass crop; then we have 100,000,000
pounds OF wool, at twenty-five cents pound,
adling S25,000,000 more; and, finally, 3d.
100000 pounds of cheese, at ten cents, adding
over 5000, 900 to the total of these credits to
the grass crop of 1870, which aggregates
100000.
Now let us add the value of the "hay''
crop, as given above, viz ,S450, 900, 900, and
we have grand total fDr ''hay" and the
products of the grass consumed on the ground
amounting to $1,292 100000! This is, of
course, subject to deduction, as the meat,
butter, cheese, ami wool-producing animals
consume other food besides grass aud hay.
To make ample allowance for this, we deduct
the entire value OF the corn aud oat crops for
1870, estimated at $3.50, 100000, aud this
leaves a remainder of 81 ,0S2, 900. 900, TO be
credited to the hay and grass crop of that
year, when the aggregate OF all farm products
was 81, Al, ,53S, ,65S. If our estimates make
even the toughest approach to accuracy, the
value of that crop was two-filths OF the ag
gregate val.Ie of all farm products, and hence
we may infer that two-fifths of the capital
then invested in agricultural pursuits was
devoted to the grass crop, and this in the
United States equals lin round numbers)
S4,575, 100000. From these figures the de-
duction is palpable that King Cotton is
uncrowned and dethroned, and we may be
forced to admit that all ''hesh' and all else, is
| hay, if not 'grass."-Pacifc Rural Press.