The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1874-01-10

IOut pure and fit for the paper maker; til
wool is reduced to q dark brown powder
known as the Ultimate of ammonia, and is en-
ploycd to enrich manurcs which are poor ii
. nitrogen.
: 4 very important constituent OF the dus
, heap is the old iron, battered sauCcpans ole
pals rusty hoops, horseshoes, and nails from
the road All soldered articles have the sol
der extracted from them, as it is more valu
; able than the iron, and the cheaper metal Il
then melted. The horseshoe nails are no
mixed with the common cast iron, as they
are much sought after by gunmakcr5 for The
purpose Of making stub twist barrels. Scraps
of iron, it is found, may be made very usetu
in securing the copper in the streams wash
ing veins ofcopper pyritcs. Pieces OF batter
ed iron are placed in tanks into which these
are collected; the copper quickly incrusts the
iron, and in process OF time entirely dissolves
i the IRON. The rcSiduum, IN the shape OF a col
ored deposit, is at times taken out, dried and
,meitci.
The savings Of science, however, are not
all made in the dust heaps of London, though
! in the brict outline we have given OF Inc mode
of utilizing some of the constituents OF the
waste of the great city a vast economy is in
dicated.
A singular and recent French discovery is
that sheep draw considerable quantity OF
potash from the land on which they Craze,
much OF which i ultimately GXcfctct! r. ~
the skin with the sweat 1t was pointed out
by Chcyreul that this peculiar potash com
pound (suinU forms no less than Onc.third of
the weight of raw mCrino wool, while Of or
binary woods it constitutes about ID per cent
Of the weight Of fresh fleece, As the STUNT
may be extracted by mere immersion in cold
water, It is easy for the manufacturers to pro
duCc more or less concentrated solutions from
which the potash may be recovered by APP
propriatc treatment The Development of this
new industry Is principally due to MN. Mau-
meme and ROgclct, and their process consists
in CvapOrating the solutions, which are sent
10 them, until perfectly dry and somewhat
Charrcd residue has been obtained. This is
placed in rctOrts, and distilled very much in
the same manner "A coal at gas works, and
the result is that, while much gas is evolved
which can be used for illuminating the fac
tory. and much ammonia is expelled which
can be collected and utilized in many ways,
there remains Il residue which chiefly con
sists Of carbonate, sulphatc, and chloride of
potassium. These three salts are separated
by the usual method, and then pass into com
mCtcc. CurIously enough, they are rcmarka.
bly, free from soda.
the wool manufacture, a. Rheims, Eibwl,
and Fourmiss annually wash the fleece of
G,1jO0OO sheep, aud the amount Of potash,
rcckoucd "a, carbonate, which these tlccCes
would yield If all were subjected TO the new
process, represent, a value of 100000. The
bvpruduCl~ of "a, works are 50 valuable now
that factories are actually let up beside such
establishments for their utilization. The
most important IS alum, which, like ,al am.
muniaC, once came, "a. q great cost, from
Egypt, but il is no" mainly procured from an
aluminuu, ,hOlc which forms the roofs Ci
coal mines, and which has to be brought roI
the surface before the coal can be gained.
Thi- was for It long time 4 perfectly refuse
material, covering acres of ground like the
Scoric and Cindcr heaps, but chemistry has
found it out, and now obtains the prodIct by
setting fire 10 The ,halC, the carbon and sui
phur which it contains being sufficient for
The purpose The !riablc porous rcsidua are
afterwards heated in iron pans with sulphuric
acid. to which is added the ammonia from the
gas liquor and the three bod!c, combine with
water 10 make the common or ammoniuCal
alum.
Nearly every article Of the toilet bottle or
the saChct is made from waste, sometimes
from fUully OdOrous matters y peculiar tc-
It'd oil, termed fuscl oil, is formed IN makingI
brandy and whisky. This iuscl oil, distilled
WIN SulIllUIIt dtlll anu tttlilt u lDldsI
give, the oil Of pears. The oil OF apples is
made from the same !uscl oil by dIstillatiOn /
with ,ulphuric acid and bchrOmatc of pot. |
ash The oil Of pineapplcs is obtained from
the product of the action Of putrd cheese |
on sugar, or by making a soap with butter
and di,tlliug it with alcohol and sulphuric |
acid oil of grapes and oil of cognac, used |
10 inpart the flavor Of French Cognac to |
common brandy, are little else than fuscl oil. !
The artificial oil of bitter almonds is prcpar /.
I'd by the action Of nitric acid on the ictid |,
oil, Of gas tar. The Wintcrgrccn oil Of New
Jersey Is ariihcially made from willows and |
Il body procured num the diSllllation of
wood
DYES like perfumes are often derived from
the most rcpulsivc sources. The waste heaps |
pt ,pCnt maddcr were formerly great NUS
lnCc II il now found that this hitherto |
waste can be used, and al least oncthird can
be- saved By treating it with hot acid PruS |
SIAN blue j. made from piece, Of horse hoots
Dr refuse wooden material by fusion with iron
and aIkali
Perhaps the most important refuse product
HAT can be- mentioned, a. proceeding from a
SYSTEMATIC manufacturing process. Is that
known a, soda waste. Large quantitic, of
,hi, substance arc rejected a. u,ccs~~ 10y
most all,Ili works, and it has been, Tor many
years, prohlcia and rcproach 10 chemistry. /
II !, great loss and if We can bat recover
H., no mall victory will hc achieved