davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24
REFLECTION OF SOUND FROM FLAMES AND
HEATED GASES
by PROF. A. NJ. MAYER

ID
This was a series of experiments showing
that flames heated gases and cold gases OF denslies
differing from that of the atmosphere reflect sonor-
Gus aerial vibrations, and the experiments have also
given measure of the rejecting power OF fat gas flame
prof MAYER was melted to this investigation by read
ing the exceedingly interesting experiments of Prof
rynda on the stoppage OF sound in non-homogeneous
tmosphere and the description Of apparatus devised
by Mr. Cotre 20 illustrate this. aud also paper by
that gentleman on ''The Division OF Sound Wave by a
layer Flame or heated gas into reflected ana anS-
Intted Wave" 80 49,. , ,, -,
ea,y OF performance He takes two similar resonat0rs
and places the planes OF their mouths a rRt anRes 10
each other Then IN this angle he nrmy nxes tue uhnB
fork the resouaors so tnat the broad
face OF one OF prOngs faces the mouth 0 one rsou
aor while the space between ,so prUnS t onnd
issuing from their mouths Is ODtaneu ah9 tue only
sound reaches the ear Is the aint eouhd gwen p
mo forks action on the air outside the angie Included
~ tho nonrhs OF the resOnatOrs II III these crcum-
stances we close the mouth OF either one or the fesoas
with a niece OF cardboard, the open resonttOr VIII
trnncy reenforce the sound OF the forks III we now
cover the mouth of this reSOnatOt Wlh ceIuUodIu, "o
shall again have silence -, ,., oo,,,.,r.
are Omen the fame OF q bats wing gis-burner WIN one
resOnator. and something more poimeaoie u sonu
than the cardboard with the Other by Jug soIlo5
~ mora and more permeabe diaphragms, IL was round
fiat tracing paper Just equalcd the elect OF the Ea
d,me i'm Guarding the mouth OF the resOnatOr from te
trapre of sound sheet OF heated air above the gas
burner was found TO be exactly eqliVaent 10 lle sa
flame. The passage OF sneet OF cOu goaa gs c nd o
also did carbonic acid gas though IN less degree; Out
cold dry hydrogen closed the mouth OF the resohatOr
than either OF the above gases, thOuRh
not canal IN tbs respect to the heated air above the
L,t's wing flame. Among other curious results, Proi
Nver mas ascertained that there IS an absorption OF
sI in the h,s wing flame; that the flame Is heated
ly tho sOnOrOus vibrations whlch enter II ~ suou, a
issue as heat vibrations He has iendesv0red 10 OBTAIN
quantiativo mathematician and! SIS VI tS ao'"'P'i0
anu hopes for exact results.
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24
THE SECOND DAYS PROCEEDINGS.


DIR BRowN-sEoUARD's THEORY OF TIE OPERATION
OF THE NERVES AND BRAIN-PRoF. NEwCoMB
TELLS OF WHAT AMERICA Is DOING FOR THE
COMING TRANSIT OF vENUs-MAJoR PowELLS
EXPLORATION OF THE CANoNs OF COLORADO.
fFRoM SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNE.l
WASHINGTON, April 22.-To-day's session far ex
ceeded its predecessor in interest 1t Is rather un-
fortunate that the Academy makes no announce
ment in advance of the programme for the day, but
this ia of piece with its general indifference to
public attention. Not only is programme pub
lished but scarcely any is arranged in advance.
Only few Of its members knew that DR..
Brown-S6quard was to deliver an address;
still fewer knew that Prof. Newcomb was to speak,
and there was an element of uncertainty even as to
Major Powell. Had it been generally known that
DR.. Brown-Sequard would tell us something about
our brains, there would have been no difficulty in
packing the long hall of the Smithsonian with an
eager audience. master of the subject with which
few are acquainted, he brings to every utterance
upon it the rare results of his own inquiries
coupled with freedom from prejudice in favor
of antquated views that is rare in bis profession
In his address to-day he has given a clearer ex-
preston than ever before TO his own views Of the
structure and functions of tho brain and nervous
system Hitherto his lectures to have been too
much confined to tearing down the edices Of theory
which his predecessors have laboriously reared
The present address is not open to that objection
though it does good service in exposing the faacy
of views recently advanced by DR.. Ferrier Of En-
gland, formed on a I:rrow circle Of experiments,
which have threatened to lead Us back into the
mists of error from which we were gradually emerg-
| ing.
The address Of Prof. Simon Eewcomb. the emil
nent astronomer Of the Washington Observatory
has an Immediate interest Very recently Tho Lon
don Times in very long article describing the
preparations making for observations on the transit
of Venus, dismissed those Of America in sentence
Of almost contemptuous brevity. to the effect that
little OF nothing was known about them. 1t is a
fact that preparations Of the most thorough
character. that they embrace novel and ingenious
modes of procedure, that they are worthy both in
their scale and character of the nation and Of Amer
lean science and that they bid fair TO accomplish
excellent results 1t was to tell of this that Prof
Newcomb emerged from the seclusOn Of his watch
tower in the skies-a man Of bashful and retiring
manner, plain and thoughtful in his words and Civ
ing his facts with simple drectness OF expression.
Major Powells description of the CanOns of Colo
rado brings freshly before us the wild features of
that strange Western country which he has done so
penetrated regions hitherto deemed almost mae
cossible and he has brought back large amount of
Information of value from "A scenti fc point of view
az well as an exceedingly entertaining narrative of
adventure.
Notwithstanding tho fact that SO fow know what
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24

the mucous membrane of tho throat With these fat.
under consideration may the vast field Of rcscsrr
that yet lies before the questions arising f,.
the ACTIVITY OF cells afOrding almost
subject for nqmry But 10 IL evident that we canned
locate the ceners Of either sensation or motion spco.
nc parts OF the nervous system.
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24

U. 5. District Judge Treat has granted an
application the OF WinslOw act. The Cairo and
Vncennes Railroad for the appointment OF "a receiver
for road The designation OF the receiver is with
held for the present pending the settlement OF the Com
paEys proposition to bond for The pay ment Of
Winsiow's claim VI t7Gi.OO0.
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24

was in store for them, there was a considerable
popular audience present at the session to-day. in
Guiding number of ladies'
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24
FUNCTIONS AND MECHANISM OF ADDITION
BY PROF. A. NJ. MAYER.

This paper was entitled Suggestions as TO
the Functions Of the Spiral Scala OF the Cocbea lead
ing to an Hypothesis OF the Mechanism OF Auaition
Ii opened by reference the paucty OF
on the form and functions OF the cOchea and mentioned
as the principal If not the only contribution TO the sub
ject the statements and suggestions OF Dr. j. W. Draper
in his work on physiology In 1853. Prof Mayer disseu
however from the view taken by Dr. Draper respecting
the action OF the auditory apparatus basing his obee
tious on measurement OF the wavelengths OF the as
sumed vibrations and comparison OF those len0tbs
with the lengths of the spiral scala which were beIyes
by Dr. Draper 10 be the subjects OF these ybrafjon
Prof Mayer shows that the scale short 10 un
the requirement
Prof Mayors paper then gives careful detailed
technical review OF the anatomy the ear Ue Iha,,
undertakes show ttit the significance OF these ana
tOnica relations is to bring the sound vibrations 10 act
with the greatest advantage on the covibratiug nar
OF ear aud TO these parts TO make onohaf as
many vibrations IN a given Time as the tympanic or
bas Olar membranes This Is demonstrated by an ex.
tended Of the functions aud possibilities of ar.
fercnt portions OF the auditory apparatus In the course
OF tins train OF Prof Mayer advances the view
that what are known as the bair-cel cords, having
swollngs IN the middle OF their lengths which cause
them 10 act like loaded strings are probably cOns
nd that oaoh hairosll ic0rd 10 adapted " ooibrsa
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24
THE COLORADO CANONS.

AN INTERESTING DESCRIPTION OF THE FORMATION
OF THE CoUNTRY-A REGION OF CANoNs AND
GORGEs.
New-York tribune., 1874-04-24

From IN. Ntp. York Eveniag PosI (hep)
rrla Canotorshin continues tn he the most

Ihe Senat0rSmp continues 10 Db Tue InOSt III
terestng topic OF political discussion III Connecticut
MT Eaton the favorite candidate but MI r. ID. Hub
bard aud Mr. Barnum also named. Ii is evident
that Mr.. BarDum's money has been too prominent an
element in politics. and that his name Is not received
with much favor the better class OF Democrats
The true thing for Connecticut 30 do Is TO honor itself
and benefit the country by putting MI David A, Wells
into tine Senate.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
Tho Acts Of the legislature.

There Is universal complaint that
the Acts Of the Legislature have not
yet been distributed. This delay is
partly accounted for by the fact that
ihsrs we're two ssssiops-iho frat com
msnciug in November. 1s79-the
other in October, lS7S-and as the
latter was only a continuation Of tho
former, the Acts Of the FIRST session
could not be distributed, owing to the
fact that the Acts Of the adjourned
session had TO be bound with and made
a part Of the volume, IlsWsvsr, the
Acts have been printed, and are ready
fer distribution /; and Il the officer
whose sworn duty it Is to "see that the
laws DO faithfully executed" the Acts
would have been in the hands Of the
p,Oplc lsng ago. The Legislature re-
aiired this duty Of the Governor, and
IlAesd al his disposal ample means for
The purpne. But Mr.. Jacob, in this
attempt to cast sdium upon The Legs
llturs, and thereby huild up his fac.
ton, Is willing to sacrifice the interests
Of the people, by Withholding from the
Courts and the people the laws Of the
State.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09

yet st brief interTlls IN the chOtic
confusion, The stsptorian voice Of that
herculean Methodist, Samuel ClIWsou,
can can Be heard. He enjoys such
manifestations Of Gods grace as the
fish does its native element, and whs
works With an energy aud zeal that
would put 10 shame the efforts Of many
young men The other ministers,
however, who are engaged, deserve
much credit for their untiring efforts.
| Moreover, tie members Of the different
churches labor as ono man for the
general good; and when or where it
will stop is beyond the ken Of human
observation, as the most fam. ipdica
lions Of such q contingency arc moi
new visible. t.
Since tue above was in type, ",
have received another letter from III,
writer Of tho above, stating that tn
meeting had closed, Tho result wa
between 80 and 60 conversions, nearl,
all residents Of Sutton. The meeting
vas the grr,test eyer known in iha
country.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09

had recorded such destination, Of in
teutiou, shall hare the benefit Of such
homestead as to debts contracted be-
fore the recording Of such declaration,
IL. And such husband or parent,
except married woman, at the time
Of contracting debt, may. in writing
waive the rig BIT TO claim tho benefit Of
such homestead aI 10 such debt. Pro.
vidOd, that in the case Of q husband,
his wife shall join him in such waiver,
and their acknowledgement and her
priVy examination be taken and record.
ed as provided for 10 deeds Of convey
lpcs.
- In case such husband, parent,
or infant children should remove from
the State, the benefit Of such home
stead shall thereby DO lost.
10. In case Of the death Of hus'
band or parent, iii be tho husband,
leaving a widow, The benefit Of suSh
homestead shall descend to tho widow
and infant children Of such deceased
husband; and il there be no sucE
widow, then to the said infant chill
drOn, and to DO held FREQ from III,
debts Of such husband or parent. until
all such children arrive at the ago 0
81 years.
their minority. shall not, by them
selves or by their guardian, waive The
right TO such homestead /; provided
however, that nothing in this act Ebal
be construed TO prevent the widow 0
such husband or parent who may di
from her right Of doWOr 10 the home
stead 10 which such husband or paren
was entitled.
10. Any person having the right Il
charge tho homestead Of such bus
band, parent or infant children viii
the payment Of a debt or demand ,shal
have the right 10 institute bis suit in I
court Of equity, aud Il he shall max,
II appear that such homestead is o
greater value than enc thousand dol
lars at tie timO Of the commencement
otthe suit, the court shall provide b,
decree or otherwise for the creditor, /
have the benefit Of the value Of spuI
homestead, in ercen Of one thOussn,
dollars.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
qraalng p.II. Of we.t YIrgInl.:

Davis was voted scat in Congress
before Hpgans; and when resolution
va. introduced declaring that Hagaus
was NOT elected, Mr.. Davis voted to
strike out the wsrd "Sor," which had
the eject, a. the reader will perceive,
Of changing entirely the meaning Of
the resolution. This was encouraging
10 the Radicals, and Encouraging 70
the Democrats. But when tue final
vote was called as to the admission Of
Hagans, Mr.. Davis lodged out Of the
HOus,, and when lis name was called
he failed TO respond, This was sour
ing on his Radical friends, aud en-
dsaroripg to make fair weather viii
the Democrats. The result is thai
this liitls game Of thimbls,riggiug has
gained for Mr. Davis the contempt OIL
both parties IL the House; and he
now bears in Washington the happy
speculation Of Trading Davis, Of Yves
Virginia"
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
An Inp0.tOr.
TllzxAs's CREEK LEVI, oouSrr,
Jan. 80, 1874.

Editor Dsmot,ai:
A few days ago / saw an eld.look.
ing man, Of whom tho following ii q
description grey hair. walked quite
lame, about s fee. 4 inches in height,
light frame, rather red face, and about
85 years old. HS said he lived on the
divide between Fink and Cove Greeks,
aad that bis house was recently burasa
down, with oil It contained, inaieting
a loss Of about $1,000. he was beg
gipg for himself and bis family, snd re-
eeiving money fer their support, and
said that Rev. George Deem was help
ing him. l have since learned that
no such misfortune Al he represented
had bOfallsn him, aud that for years
he has been travelling through Lewis,
Gilmer and Harrison counties, getting
money and means from the people
under various false prs.snIs,. This
netiCe to the people is TO guard them
aglins! further inpoEtion.
j. A. WILLIAMS,
PaItor Fretman'i Cresk Circuit.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
Gr.at Revival at sutton.
surrO1, Jan. 81.

sUrTOy, Jan. 81.
Editor Democrat
Through the SSmbinsd efforts d
The venerable Samuel Clawson, r. II.
Sibbst and Levi j, Hoffman, a meet.
ing Of remarkable interest and effect
has bssn going on here for the last
tive weeks, with unabatiug zeal. AT
the present writing some % or 80
have profssSsd conversion, while IeOrtI
VI others are nightly found at the al.
tar, intent upon a blessing, Each
night, after short sermon, The invi.
tasion is scarcely given when Almighty
rush is made for the "mourner'l
bench by both men and women -
Then, amid the cries aud groani Of
those seeking mercy, tho prayers Of
their friends, aud the singing and
Of others, Il it almost impos.
'ibls to iCsogiIs ID, Yoics Of any one
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
Sal. ~ WA Uroiaia.

State Of RR Tyiaia.
A 7 RuLEs held In The clerks sties Of
IA the eifeait court for The county Of
Gllmer, on the let Monday Ia February 1874
JohhF. w Holt plaintiff
Va.
William P. Norris, ks., defendants.
N cHAHclHf rPoN Az ATTACHMENT.
The object Of this suit u to recover ofths
defendant William P. Nsrfii the amount Of
iVe several notes aud bonds, 10 the bill
mentioned, four ofwhish were EXECUTED BY
said defendant to The plaintiff, and one *.
Seutad 10 the defendant John 5. BfAnneni
ahd Atiigned 10 the plaintiff, Amounting to-
geth.t, including Interest At The institnllon
OF this tuit, 10 The tum Of salt 90 Coats
aud TO sell the slia,t oflhe aald defendant,
real and persOnal, Ia The county Of 0ilmerI
which has been attached II this cause fet
'h. payment thereof and the eeib OIL ihis
suit. And u appearing BY alidAyii hled
that The said delSsdant William p. Neffis
it not rSsideht Of The State u west VT.
gihla, and he not appearing, Il u oIdste.sa
that DO Do appear here within csc menu
afttf Tho da,e VI The 6fst pablieauen Of lhl
order aud DO what may he ntcstilfy V
protest hil Interest ID thls suit
A eopy-Atitslei
70. D. CONRAD, oltfk.
Pltnlpg 1 Beans.i ~ lse ~
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09

hide nc in bis stable lon until lhe sI-
element was Overt but he said she
was neither there nor lhereabOuts. So
! concluded to take Q double sommer-
sauls through The air ever a four story
manufacturing mill, which l did, and
landed safely on board Of my dug
out canoe, which was anchored TO q
willow bush. Aud, Mr. Editor, !!
would have done you good, and all
the readers Of THE DRNoORAT good, to
have seen the Little KauaWha river
scatter tho white spray as ] sped O'tr
its waters SO blue, in my little dug out
canoe. Tho next timO you hear from
Us, Mr.. Editor, we'll be debating
peace to the Attorney General, on q
saw Jog below Fletcher Hollis mill dam.
Yours inyadingly, JoSEi.
PSI forgot to mentio that il
my evacuation Of tho enemies prinei
palities, l was fred upon from q
masked battery commanded by Captain
Leyiticus johnson, of Glcnyillo. Whei
we encompass and take Judca, Captain
LeyiLicus shan! DO. juItiied, else m!
name is not JONES.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
Cog tl1BB8BgHS!I
The state Of web,ier.
ApDIlos, Jaa. 80.

ADDuOS, jan. 80.
Editor Democrat.
Our election passed of quietly on
the 27th inst. The candidates for
Prosecuting Attorney were David q.
Lilly and Joseph A, Thompson, Of
Randolph, and Joseph A. Anderson, Of
Nicholas. The result Of the election
was tha. Mr.. Anderson was elected BY
5 votes Of a majority over Mr.. Lilly.
Mr.. Thompson only received s volss
10 the eounly,-WGathsr good,-Ths
proposed narrow.gu.gs railroad !,
again exciting the people Of the IndO.
pendent State. B. MoLLoHAx.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
How It was Done.
BEN BUFFERS DEMOCRACY.
II Pays Well to "stand Fair With
tho Republican,

We see III the telOeraphic di,patchs.
to the Wheeling lnielliyeaesr an ac-
count Of how the vote stood on tho ad-
mission Of Mr.. John j. Davis as the
member Of Congress from this State.
Mr.. Davis reesired erey Republican,
pete in he HoaIe except ,trea, (and
these seven were members Of the Com
mittss Oh Elections, and hoard all tho
evidence III the case )-Ar. Ril,oa
rsesired ersry Democratic rote in the
House except ttsO J and these were ire
constructed" aud demOrsliEed. This is
the condition Of tho vote on this ques.
tiou; and tho reader may draw his
own differences. As one Of the hOnsst
Democrats observed to US, it showed
that Mr.. Davis stood sry fair rih Me
RadiealS."
Ben Butler was ably assisted in the
management Of this case by Arthur l.
Foreman. the West Virginia Regis.
tratiou Boss. Dir. Foreman caayasscd
the House, and made the statement
among the Republicans that Mr. Davis
had done good service to tho Rspubli-
cans; that i! was expected he would do
more in the coming campaign; and
that the election Of q Republican Leg
stature, and a Republican Senator,
depended in great measure upon the
admission Of hr. Davis
This settled the whole question /;
and the Republican majority hA,tsned
TO fulfill tho bshs,t, Of their leaders.
And this ii the history Of the admis.
sion Of The Democratic" 0ongrsnnap
from the First District Of IVES. Viz.
giuia.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
noMEsTEAD EXEMPTION Law
An Act Providing for HomeIteads,
and Exemptions from Forced Sales
Of Personal Property In certain
cases.
Be ii enacted BY he L.gitlassrs q
ReH PTrdinip

Be il enacted BY he Legislature q
ReH Virginia.;
/. That any husband or parent re-
siding in this State, or the infan. chill
drsn Of deceased parents. may hold a
homestead ofthe value Of one thousand
dollars, and personal property to the
value Of two hundred dollars, exempt
frem forced sales. subject to the follow
ing regulations and provisions:
.. Any psr,on described in the pre-.
cediug section, may set part Of his
personal property not exceeding two
hundred dollars In falue, 10 be exempt
from execution or other process, In oil
cases when the claim or cause Of action
arose out Of contract, s1esp. As here.
matter provided.
8. When a debtor claims personal
estate exempt by this chapter, be shall
deliver 10 tho officer hsldIng the exc.
cution OF other process, a list by sspa.
rate items, Of all tho personal estate
owned or claimed by him, including
money, bonds, bills, notes, claims aud
demands, With the rsiideueS Of the
person against WHOM The said bonds,
bills, notei. claims and demands are.
and .hall verify such let BY affidavit,
which affidavit shall b 10 the following
form, or 10 tue following elect:
|, A. B., do sOlsnnly Iwsat that
the annexed list By me subscribed,
coniains true and perfect lis: Of all
the personal estate OfsvstJ kipd owned
or claimed BY me. A. r.
Which Affidavit shall BE- taken before
md certified BY sny person authorized
o administer oaihi, aud any one
wearing falsely, knowingly, shall bsl
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
Sal, Sulphur Springs.
FLL7Woops, BRLzrcS Co, I
W. Va, Feb, 2.

FLLIWoops, BALxreS Co.,
". Va, Feb. Q.
Editor DettOera..
I sec by a late paper that The re.
noWnsl SAT- Sulphur springsl Of Mon.
roe county have been rented this year
for $3.50. l wish 10 inquire whether
these arc the same Springs that certain
parties (yout correspondent. mentioned
j. ]. ]. and bis hsst,i fuglsmSn)
have been trying to sell to the State
for an Insane Hospital for sos. 000i
Ifso, how does /. happen that they on.
" rent for the interest Of 1880, at
at 10 per cent? l live out here
where such things look strange; but
We are unsophiitirs.sd, and ask you Il
tho sale ofthS Salt Sulphur at S65, 900,
would not smell Of "Ursdit Mobillisri'
lGNoRAsoE.
Yes, these are the same Springs;
and you ask such pointed questions
that some good workers might fail in
their speculation. Blu. 1t appears 10
Us lhat'ths State had better. become The
renter at $3.50, rather than purchase
At $4,000, which, a. 10 per cent,
would cost tho State annually $4,000.
II q Credit MObillisr gives out any
odOr, such a sale might have q per-
Inmn.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
To Whom 1t May Concern.

NoTloEsI hereby given, to all who ara
IN indebted to me for professional Istyi.
ees that must have all such accounts Ell.
lied, BY note or otherwise, At oHcE. Ihope
that all to whom this notice /, addres,ed
will take proper and Immediate action
otherwise / must collect BY due process Of
law. Il b. EDMiSToN.
WIsIos, Feb. s.lw
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
Prepoalon nn0ng Tlade.. "a, I!

Il is rather singular that your pro-
fessiOn (editOr) ID not represented in
the institution. Although you are
often accused Of being "half.cfsckcd, I"
and at times not altogether harmless.
As warning is our bachelor friends,
I quote the following; "That while
the greatest number and largest pro-
portion Of tho insane are among the
single, and tho smallest among the
married population, and the widows
occupy an intermediate proportion.
Thus proving cOnulusirely that mar
riagO is ono Of the most powerful
agsnciST in preventing the increase Of
this dreadful nalady."
Yours, @.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1874-02-09
TFIEBEa0CRRT
MOwAuN, TSN. 9

Ar last We have q defender OF the
Congressional Salary Grab, The
0luk,burg ConIsrpdtire thinks that
John ]. DAVIS did perfectly right in
taking his IS, 900 Of the steal. Just
how many brass bands could be sup
piled with instruments from that edi,
tors check, aud then leave meta
enough to supply ab.tssry with felt
guns, is not at present known,