davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

LroR SALEM A CHOICE LOCATION IN HARLEM,
IL the desirable first class three story brown stone
House No "A East l27th street. between Madison and
Fifth avenues: recently oyerhaued, painted and deco
rated all modern improvements; at low figure. APP
ply premises 70 CHARLES HUSTON, No 40 Broad
N
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

CTATE LINE. 49,
y NEW YORK TO GLASGOW, LIVERPOOL
BELFAST AND LONDONDERRY.
These elegant Clyde-built steamers will sail from
pier 50 North River Is follows:-
STATE OF ALABAMA. Saturday, March II
STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. Saturday, April
And alternate Saturday thereafter. taking passen
gers through To all parts OF Great Britain and
Ireland, Norway, sweden, Denmark and Germany
Drafts Tor f and upwards For freight passage apply
to AUSTIN BALDWIN & CO., Agents,
- $50 No " Broadway
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

L,oR sALE-A SMALL, FURNISHED. NEAT THREE
story brown stone House, near Central Park; must
be sold chance and q bargain for somebody. Also
uniurnisbed. Apply at LBS Third avenue Sixty
sixth street, TO IL ana 70
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20
miscellaneous.

A SACRIFICE or FOUR FULL LOTS BEAUTI.
"A fully situated, on l3sth and l6th streets near
southern boulevard Twentythird ward New York city
can DC bought Tor $1,000 STA less than actual value
ID. l.. CRASrO oON, 2,lO6 third avenue.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

CUNARD LINE.
~ NOTICE. .
With the view OF diminishing the chances OF coilson
the steamers OF this line take specned course ior All
seasons OF the year.
On the outward passage from Queenstown for New
York or Boston, crossing the meridian OF Do 1T ~ lauude
OF nothing to the north of 43.
On the honeward passage, crossing the nerldan OF oo
at AZ latitude, or nothing to the north OF A. o,.
THE BRITISH III, AND North AMERCANNo RofA AZ
MAIL STEAMSHIPS BETWEEN NEW fOkk AND
LIVERPOOL CALLING AT CORK HARBOR
FROM BOSTON.
UALABRIA. We'd Mar. 10 HECLA sat, Mar. q
ALGERIA. Wed, Mar. Is MARATHON. Sat, Mar q
JAVA........Wed., ApL | ATLAS. ......Sat., Apl.
CUBA. ......Wed., Apl. s OLYMPUS. 49,. sat- ADJ 4
ABYsSINIA. Wed, Apl Is SAMARIA... Tues, Apl u
and every following Wednesday and Saturday from New
York Cabin passage $50 500 and $780, gold according
10 accommodation. Return tickets favorable terms.
Storage $50 currency: steerage tickets from Liverpool
And Queenstown and all parts of Europe at lowest rates
For freight and cabin passage apply mt the copanys
office. No Bowling Green. For Storage passage at Ill
Broadway, Trinity Building
CHARLES G. FRANCKLYN Agent
or to p ii. DU VERNET,
Clark and RandOlpn streets, Chicago, Ill
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

DAyIs AVENUE PROPERTY, NEW RoCHELLE-
sye) the southery eide of Davis avenue, and
the central part OF the village with about of
land the latter well supplied with fruit and ornamental
trees the has gas throughout portable furnace,
register ranss &C. situation healthy and appearance
81 Wall street
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

ITO LEAsE--A CORNER STORE AND DWELLING AT
fremont suitable Tor bakery, grocer, drug or dry
goods, being near the depot Apply TO q. W. HOGEK,
49, Third avenue, corner OF Seventeenth street
ITO RENT-FURNISHED, A COTTAGE, WITH GOOD
stable and garden in delightful location depot:
rent moderate For further particulars address, for
week, W. w. W. White Plains county, N. Y.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20
REAL ESTATE no ExcuANGE.

A DESIRABLE FARM-lB ACRES, BETWEEN IA
"A nalca ana Flushing, l.. !. one of 8i acres, near
farmingdae, and l35 acres Mamaroneck Westhesier
county 10 exchange Tor New BroOkyn Property.
]. OLIVER CARTER. 80 Nassau street room IL.
A N EQUITY OF $l5)O0O IN DESIRABLE NEW YORK
N ana Brooklyn properly, valued at 500 90 TO ex
change Tor an unencunbcrel Country Property within
one hour OF sew York land rather than expensive
improvements desired. Any party having such prop
erty can make most advantageous exchange.
HOPKINS u CARRInGTON,
Twenty-second St, between Broadway and Fiith av.
A TTENTIONi-IF YOU WISH 70 ENGAGE IN BUsI.
~ ness and have desirable Real Estate you can ex-
change by raing on or sending description to LYING
STON A CO.. % East Fourteenth street.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

DOR CARDIFF, BRISTOL, LONDON AND ALL
l. other polnts In England and Wales.
The south Wales Atlantic steamship Company's new
first class steamships will sail from Pennsylvania Rail-
road wharf Jersey City, as tollows:- -
Ei.s cnhir err an cnrrencv second
cabin, $50, currency steerage $50 currency Prepaid
steerage certiic ates from Cardiff S currency Drafts
for IL and upwards For further particulars apply TO
ARCHIBALD BAXTER 4 CO.. Agents,
IL Rrna1Wav New York.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

A DESIRABLE COUNTRY RESIDENCE, FUR
"a nished, and 81 acres, stocked overlooking New
Brunswick, ~ j.. modern improvements; ice house Z;
numerous outbuildngs trut in quantity; within walk
ing distance OF schools churches depot; frequent trains
owner. 70 LAFAYETTE avenue. BrooklS n
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

Do O0n-HALF CASH, WILL BUY FINE
'DO.OOV 65acre Farm, with large stone Dwelling,
containing "a rooms and verandah, large barn and all
necessary outbuldlngs Inc orchards shade &C. nicely
situated on turnpike one mile from station ard three
miles from Pottstown, Pa. RANSOM ROGERS
200 south Fifth street, Philadelphia, Pa
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20
WEsTCEESTEIH COUNTY PROPERTY
FOR SALE AND TO RENT.

TARRYTOWN AND ALL ALONG THE EAST
u bank of the Hudson-H Handsomely furnished and
furnished Houses and Cottages for sale and TO let with
immediate also elegant Residences and large
Buidings suitable Tor institutes hotels and first class
lars with S. EMERSON, 6J9 sixth avenue
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

L>OR sALE-A NEW. MEDIUM SIZED FOUR STORY
Il brown HoIse No rs East Seventeen street
lenox HilD buet IN te test manner by days work;
hard wood rus-1, yepi-te Sui couplec in every par
tcular; price very low; terms easy inqaire OF CHAS
FOX IL cast Fortytfth street, ". BENTLEY, the
premises
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

A T TREMONT-A PLEASANT COTTAGE ON WASH
"a ington ayeQue, with extra ground TO rent to small
family at $25J and taxes, per Apply 10 j.
IRON AS sfEARNs Morris street ne ar Gcpot fremont
or Z. H. LUDLOW & CO. No Pine street
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-03-20

NJ ORTHEAST CORNER slxTY-sECoND STREET
- =, and PARK, now Fourth avenue Price $500;
three soi1es pay windows elegantly finished through
ont; inside Houses, $4,000. Apply premises to
builder.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
THE CHEMISTRY OF SANDY
LAND.

g. NJ. Smith, in the Canada Farmer, fur
nishes the following interesting article (which
entirely comedies with our own experience
in the management Of light soils:
1t has often been noticed that a farm
which has been given up in disgust by
its owner, and sold for a trihe on
account of the light soil composing it, after
passing into tho hands of man who has
learned to use brain work as we'll as manual
labor in his calling, has, in the course of two
or three years, entirely changed in appear
ance, both with respect to tho soil itself and
the crops borne on it.
Now this is not the result of some magic
wand, nor a streak Of luck, but it is what
follows from practical application Of sci
enti6c knowledge of the chemistry of Soils
While the former owner endeavored to
extract the ingredients, which were already
deficient by exhaustive crops, the more in
telligent agriculturist makes it his first OBJ
ject to supply such deficient materials to the
soil, and thus bring it near the condition Of
fertile ground.
Now, what are the Ingredients which are
deficient in sandy soil, and how may they
best be increased or supplied2 In the first
place let US fiud the proportion of materials
required TO compose fertile soil. Accord
ing to Bergman this would be about four
parts of clay, three of sand, two of calcare-
Gus containing salts Of lime) earth, and one
Of magnesia.
Another analysis of 400 grs. Of fertile
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06

come up, is an expression we oftOn hear in
this relation. The remark is true one, but
the cause Of complaint is easily remedied,
Thousands are annually disappointed by fall
ing to secure this cheap, wholesome, and
really delicious garden vegetable. Exper-
ience has taught us that we noed have no
more trouble with il than ordinary yellow
corn, for il the seed be thoroughly ripened,
then hung in dry aud airy place, beyond
the reach Of frost, until it becomes thorough
ly dry, there can be no trouble in its germ
mating. Sweet corn is full OF juice, and re-
quires considerable time to become positive
ly dried, both kernel and cob. The common
practice is to gather it, perhaps before IL is
ripe, then throw it upon the floor or hang it
10 some exposed place where the frost reach.
es Il, and thus It's vegetative power is de-
stroyed. Sc il is with some other feshy
seeds, such N cucumber, and sometimes TO-
mato. Sometimes seeds that were excellent
originally are impaired by bringing on ship
board from foreign countries by a slight
dampnsas which is necessarily eDgendered,
together with the warmth Of the place in
which they are kept, which induces the first
stages Of termination, or mould, either of
which is sufficient to destroy their vitality.
The best way Of keeping seeds is to wrap
them in substantial paper in small parcels,
and then enclose them in strong bag and
hang up under the rahers or beams of the
attic or tool.hOuse, or some other similar
place. A good way is to test seeds in the
house. Any old box will answer the pur-
pose. This simple precautiOn will prevent
delay and disappointment; should the seeds
come we'll in the box, SOW some of the same
kind in the garden. Some reserve seeds to
gil vacancies which may possibly occur, but
we would recommend transplanting instead.
A little time aud attention given to this mat
ter would be Of some moment to many farm.
ers aud gardeners. The influences Of climate
upon seeds are unquestiOnably great, but this
even demands less attention than the quality
Of the bulb set for seed. The careful cult.
vatOr selects the fairest, best.proportioned
and above all the best ripened bulbs for his
seed, and there is the most positive evidence
that this course if long continued will result
in the great improvement of the crop in size
quality, and the increased proportion o
plants forming large aud well.ripened bulbs
1t would be well for all farmers to bear il
mind the fact that as among animals Sc
among plants, " like in greater or less de-
gree produces its like. =" SUBSCRIBER.
Waits Rirer, Tan. 10.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
EVI wv NEHHVNI AAN"N 7
GATHERING SEEDS.

Seeds ofvegetables or ofirui,s should never
be gathered until fully ripe. The rule adopt
ed for cutting wheat and other cereals be-
fore they are thoroughly ripensd will not ap-
ply where the grain is to be used for sowing
again. After gathering, the seed should be
thoroughly dried and stored In 4 cool, dry,
and we'll ventilated apartment but no mat
ter how thoroughly dry the seeds may bc, or
however cool and dry the locality where they
are stored, they should be invariably divid.
ed into small packages, for when stored in
masses they are extremely liable to generate
heat, and thereby lose their vitality. One
particular case in point we now think of;
None is perhaps more common than the COnr
plant relative to sweet corn. at will not
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
For the VERMONT Pa RNER.
USE FOR OLD MOVING MA
CHIMES.

In company with w. IL. Mathews, Of
Cornwall, l visited one Of his neighbors to
see horsepower arranged for churning, and
constructed out of an old moving machine.
Several are in use in that town. The cost
seems to be but slight, and utilizes almost
worthless property.
Take on one driving wheel, and ina place
near the place Of churning fix upon firm tim.
bers the moving machine with its remaining
driving wheel uppermOst. Upon this driv-
ing wheel lever about ten feet long is fas-
tened with bolts; to this lever the horse is
attached, and as he walks in circle around
the machine propels its gearing. The pole of
the moving machine, fastened BY bolts to the
same wheel that formerly gave the vibratOry
motion to the cutter bar, now extends hor-
izOntally along the ground and on its end
outside the circle Of the horses walk is
placed wheel upon which the rope belt
runs, connecting it with similar pully on
the end Of the Sanborn churn. Hitch the
horse to the lever, and the machine churns.
Let us review this matter because the subject
is important, and see what changes are to be
made LIST, one drive wheel off; %, tipped
up on edge and braced so as to be firm; Sd,
lever bolted TO the drive wheel 4th, a
horizontal revolving bar having on its end a
pulley wheel 9th, a pulley wheel on the
churn 9Th, rope belt from one pulley to
the other 7th, all will see. that the horizon
tai revolving bar over which the horse steps
must be fastened near its end to keep il in
place; post or bed piece firmly fixed can
be adjusted; 9Th, fastcn your churn; 9th,
watch your churn aud take of the horse as
soon as the butter begins to come.
u. Il. JAMESON.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
Nttma~t Ratmtt
PUBLISHED WEEKLY.
at ST .JOHFSBURr VT,
CUMMINGS a HOSKINS

rerms.--ous cat..I ,sf. annuro.. AZ. Al
n paid strictly IN
s9o,sll9e,s 49, in yanNAa nnst remit Sc in additon
iVI oH's,e 'et'N PoatAA7'
No ptaof al1tonlnusd uut1 all trrearugoa are paid
except ~ the option Or the bublishefs
We deera t.l al -rsorif,r. .ho,ld ana l,sir pav
msnts dr,s,i " f ~ iss,sh ~ ~ ~ .@.bt {o
call ~ bsri.s ,h1u ~ : ,s u ~ ~ - .hs h M ~
dels s.n5Ir 49,, % W. y ~ iss.e., =,
enrs n Ioori3s ,is. tia,, sset .ssciio n us
so ~ -tif - ~ e.s 10 ~, ,nr. ehs kei3 N = yssr
has slsr-i er 81 1s viii ~ a. f,e -es,- III not
mora fhsr 40 ~ ttn,r has nsss.ds Rat n aiv mon
ev enenrh a s,na VI "a mn srrss ~ ~, n mrs.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
THE scRUB-WoMAN OF BOSTON.

Scrubbing of buildings is usually done by
contract, IN which case an onterprising wom-
an, rs soon MS the foundation IS begun, Sc
cures the job and engages her assistants.
That person is u business woman and never
fails to meet her appointments, as she keeps
a list of applicants from which she can draw
if her staff gives out Her terms arc at the
rate of fifty cents flight OF stairs, and il
there should be four or five flights in build
ing she puts subordinate on each and pays
her from twenty TO thirty cents an hour, she
furnishes brushes, soap and other materials,
One gentleman informed me that it cost $40
week to keep clean the building which he
occupied. A year ago the woman whom hO
employed was killed by an accident, and he
"lay awake all night thinking who he could
get TO take her place. But her death must
have been n gain TO somebody, as. she loil
$500 in the bank which she had earned
with the mop and pail. When you take
into consideration the stores, offices, banks.
halls, churches, school-houses, public build
ings, public stations, theatcrs, including the
state house, city hall, court house. and rail
way stations, on an average Of from $3.50 to
$500 day, it would not bo fur from the fig
ures to say that this city pays from $4,000 to
$4,000 week for scrubbing. ! have
known one woman who received $500 for
taking care OF train of cars, and there are
many others who take their own contracts
and have all the profits. On two occasions
it was necessary to scrub the coliseum, and
the job was assigned to one of the chiefs in
the business. She procured her force, son
sisting of 100 hands, and demonstrated her
capacity for official business by having her
bill audited in person by the committee OF
arrangements. Az near as can be ascertained
now this amounted to $1,000. The artist
may starve in his garet, but the wielder of
the scrubbing-brush is independent of the
changing whims of the ficklo public
| Jennie Collins.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06

pairing the efficiency Of their labor with
that Of other sections. Tho comparative
efficiency Of negro and white labor, howev-
er, is shown with sufficient plainness.
Various local reasons exist to modify the
conclusion (for which the intelligent reader
will make due allowance), but the general
fact is apparent from these tables that the
prosperity of the farmer is inversely to his
numerical proportion to the entire popula.
tion Of the locality which affords him mar
ket, and directly to the proximity of his
customers. Thus the Maryland farmer, hav-
ing two families and fraction of third
for homo customers, makes s439; while the
Virginia farmer, having less than one whole
farmer to supply, makes but s2ll. Mary
land has thirty and Virginia fifty-eight per
cent. Of farmers. A near market and plen-
ty Of paying customers are evidently what
the farmers want to increase the value Of
their farms and produce.--Cor. Country
Gentleman.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
WHOLE NO. 40.

the principal ingredient Ofmaple sap is grape
sugar, and that Of vine sap is mucilage or
gum.
/. These three carbohydrates, cane sugar,
grape sugar and gum, are doubtless chiefly
formed out Of the starch which has descend
ed To the root Of the plant as the result Of
the previous seasons growth. IL seems
probable that these transformations occur in
the sap after the period Of activity begins
and in the following order, viz Insoluble
starch, whether deposited in che cells Of the
root or previously transferred in solution to
those Of the stem, and there stored during
the period Of repose, becomes soluble gum,
gum becomes uncrystallzable grape sugar,
and this under favorable circumstances be-
comes cane sugar. Why then do we find
cane sugar in the maple and not in the
birch, and why only gum as the chief in.
gredient in the sap OF the vine, and Of those
trees which do not acquire the power Of ac-
tive absorption until the development Of their
buds? Probably because these transforma-
tions require time, and the maple alone is
gorged with sap during the six months in
.tsrvening between the fall Of the leaf and
the beginning Of growth in the spring. This
affords smple time for chemical changes, and
seems to have some connection with the fact
that the naples are the only trees from
which crystallizable cane sugar can be profit
ably extracted.
For a similar reason, since we find the
birches filled with sap for several weeks be-
fore bud begins to expand, we may rOa-
sonably expect the formation Of grape sugar
at least in them, aud in the north Of Europe
a sweet sirup is obtained by the evaporation
of their sap. .....
The spring sap of the vine at the begin.
ming of its motion, about the FIRST of May,
contains no sugar of any kind, but three
weeks later it often acquires sweetish
taste, and then we may fnd trace of grape
sugar. At this period the beginning of veg
etable growth is attended by the rapid ex-
halation Of the water Of the crude sap, and
the assimilation of its gum, in the formation
of cellulose, and this is precisely the trans
formation which ordinarily occurs in plants
at the beginning of the vegetable season.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
FLOW OF SAP.

Some curious facts seem to be brought to
light in the following, which we find report
ed in The Massachusetts Plonghman
In the extensive and admirable series of
experiments and observations at the Massa-
chusetts Agricultural College at Amherst, as
detailed in the lecture of President CLARK be-
fore the State Board Of ofAgriculture at Fitch
burg, and designed to ascertain the laws in
relation to the flow or circulation Of sap in
different species of trees and plants, and it
was discovered that each species Of those
which flowed had its own time Of beginning
when it seemed to awake from its winters
repose that the flow steadily increased in
quantity and force, as indicated by the
weight of sap and the pressure on mercu-
rial gauge, until il reached its maximum,
and then gradually declined; and that the
composition of the sap of the several species
differed remarkably, according to the date Of
the flow and especially the time ofits begin
ming.
This singular periOdicity, peculiar to ev-
cry species, demonstrates that the absorption
OF water by the rootlets is not caused by
osmose or any other mere physical force, but
10 INC ASoulh VI NuS opSOihO liSI NhtOu iih-
parts to every plant its distinctive character
istics
The sugar maple begins to flow in 0cto.
Der, reaches its maximum about the first Of
April, and ceases about the middle of May.
Mr.. Ii. s. Goolale, of Mount Washington
Mass, member Of the Board of Agricul.
ture, states that he has made maple sugar
from sap collected in the months OF October,
November, January, March, April and May
The black birch begins to flow the last ol
March, attains its maximum the last Of April
and stops about the middle Of May, The
wild summer grape vine commences about
the first Of May, arrives at its maximum Of
flow and pressure about the Goth Of May,
and ceases early in june.
The difference in the season OF flowing H'
of course, accompanied by corresponding
variation in the temperature Of the soil and
the atmosphere, aud very naturally also In
! the chemical composition OF the sap Thus
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1874-03-06
gaoies department.
THE FIRST STEP.

Forty years ago, in one of the academies
near Boston, n number of girls went along
with set Of their school-boy friends in the
entire preparation for Harvard university,
The girls knew mathematics and Greek rs
well rs the boys did, and formed plan for
going to the university with them. We can
not say whether the plan grew out of keen
zest for knowledge or out of an unwilling
ness to break of the very pleasant compan-
ionship; probably from both. The girls did
not think there could be much objection to
admitting them TO the university; they
thought the reason there were no girls at the
universities was that none had wanted to go,
or been fitted to go. They proposed to live
Mt home, so there would be no difficulty on
the score Of college residence. However, rs
their request was new, it occurred to them
that n little diplomacy might be required IN
presenting it. so they deputed the most pru-
dent of the party to do the talking, and i'm
posed strict silence upon the youngest and
most impulsive one, from whom VIC have the
story. The girls called upon President
Quincy, fold him what they had done in
their studies, that they had passed the exam
nations with the boys and wished to be adj
mIttcd to the university. President Quincy
listened to their story, and evineed so much
admiration for their work and aims, that
they Mt first felt sure Of success. But he
seemed slow in coming to the point lie
talked of the Lewness and difficulties OF tho
scheme, and proposed other opportunities of
study for them, till at length the youngest
one, forgetting in her impatience her prom
Use TO keep silent, said "Well, President
Quincy, you feel sure the trustees will let
us come. don't you ?" "Oh, by no MEANS"
was tho reply; "this is a place only for men,"
The girl of Is burst into tearss and exclaim
ed with vehemence; II wish could ami
hilate tho women, and let the men have ev-
erythng to themselves" This, so far as we
know, was the first effort made by women
to get into an American university, but the
incident was too triling to make any impress
sion, and we narrate it only rs marking the
beginning of the demand for university ad-
vanlages for women.- WeSLmiaSter ReUie'r