, 1874-05-15
AGRICULTURE.
Proceedings In the National
Congress at Atlanta.
Valuable Statistics Presented BY the
Lion. J. 4. Dodge.
Reading Of Several Other Appro'
pirate Papers.

1ufA UonRr9Bn mot At O'CLOCK kAlb tnoiAluH
with quite al accession to its membership, dole
gates having arrived during the night. After
tho transaction Of misco1laneols business, the
eoptlng IN Invitation teulerod thom yostorday,
NAB formally secsiYed, az waa also doy. smlsh,
Of Georgia.
VALUABLE srAr1sr1cs.
Prof. j. 4. dodge, Of tho Department OF Agri-
culture at Washington, gaye aome practical
hints from agricultural atatistics. Among othsr
things, lie "a d.
Wien we couaidor that icso than third Of the
main Of the United States II mapped into faru4 and
ESnember tut 81 w. tarn"a!es ony Se.i9uts rs
oe
could orolRne up to the plane Of the few in The
practice Of sscnsvc culture then We begin TO rcatze
what raste It toll and effort comca from ne8iuct Of
ths eeonom lessons taught by tho ssatsca VI acian~
Va now tsow that our whoa. occupes an .ro. loes
than tho surtaco Of South oslolna, ana 4 tho yield
should eassl that that of Engl9. hut ;o Of tns
nzs Which grows from Oregon to Flortda, aud yca,J
wa7es Oroader hold hnu nil ths cereals Lesi,e
io,, and might produce its simplest stores ritLin ,la1-
roTer nits than tho present boundaries Of Vrgnla.
Tho po'ato;Fop could grow M b. ts area of Del.wa1o
barley for Drawing requires css thxu tue area Of
aha!flozen counties; and tao wced u soace, s,,.-
the area Of county twenty 1nslcs square.
Thu average farmer Of tlo Eastern Blaes disregsrds
the logic of aca which rsve"s saccssa only in ngh
ypsy tstsie, caslly worko, without obtsucons iter
faring with tho most Varied employment Of agricul-
because poor Ia planting; biz sons hnys gous into
trade mud manufactures. aud TO ri gin soils toward the
sunsct IBIS surplus eurnigs Lays gono to the savings
bank to Illinois or KAnsAs, as loan at ~ per cent,
until rheumstlc md declining With age, he hnts pro-
ductlon alao decling hia herls and ,cks decross-
Ing, md 4e concln!ou inevitable tlat "fArnug uoea
DhY.H Labor Is EcarCD md huh bcIHfH1 Ill d.
mald by other industries, which a turn Offer high
prices for farm products; fertilization is needed
thu In nu1ns othets. But tncso thiugs cost money,
and hs h.s ueisher the s.nbou thoconddeucs for
money i asaina Thsso nay b posat rsasons or
encouragement, but they do not prove TINT farming
thtrs w money 5autn H. ana ss my
higa CULTURE aisproTca The 's Current as.unp-
ton Of unrrohtablelsass. Ihcre numerous cases
in which he gross return per has hecu hundreds
Of dollars instead Of tens know m Instance there In
which common yegesahls, usualy known In acd-
$l2 for every day's labor expended it. Tue ls,soA
Of hatisca Of 0rest Britain, Of Holland. Of all coun-
possible BY nrichpg tAo soil and increasing the yo
Though Massachusetts farn.srs constftuts but one.
eighth Of the aggregate Of ali occupations there ts no
rcaAon why tusY Should not be nolo to feed all If
Great Dritun with one.n1tcenth Of her population
furnish more than ono-nalf her REQUIRED food su}-
agriculture liz valae ot hsr annal product b Jill 70
each farmer, Wills Tho cuItiyator of tho rlch prre
State Illinois, earns hut $500 snd IN punt Of fact, It
State would swell tho total TO tho latter 1gures) then
tic seaultn o. Intensive culture throughout tho Conn
Is s yaunbo % saon ~ which New England vii ultimate.
~ learn from stat1Eca, fur more thoroughly than s
now known and practlcea by fow Of her best cult
Thu West has also much to gain from the teachings
! Of stalstics. Iowa, vigorous nnd ambitious. too
young for dependency, Is in spAsnl OF indignation
IT mr. NnnHlT
yst, In trade aud transportation she haa but per
tent, Or lsls mora than hR the proportion Of tho
! Middle Etats. She my hayo too many md too
fFansp of IL pre,uets 6ut tGeas Sv.s rem
Tie gteat difficulty Is, ler corps Of industry laA 81
per cent Of farmers inateod OF Is. Doubot1ack ra-
roas eans sesea win stoann,5soretsrs ,s a1anss, @
md positive dtscontens while stu continues to have
featuring ard ncchanl al industry. Hiytory docs not
point 10 permanently Eeople hn7ng aieh
prsEo,aeEanee Of ponution ln sgrcnltutal pursuits
britain are supposed 10 pe In danger Of starvation
That danger IL greatly oyerestmated. Statistics viii
export, ind but triling proportion in any season,
can be aod to my except subjects Of areat Britain
o. s hs Of @ " T. IN
ycasou, W QUO 0o0 md IN fifteen years. from 1858 10
1879 inclusive, the deficiency msde good by nporta.
ton was fraction lcsu than &C. ooo0oo per a1lnurn
Gould home-elture be e1ended 10 uluet this domand,
| tho tot4l breadth required would be equal to
2ns,nnh h2 ,a sa1ass Of An
els to eighteen, by slnan advance In CULTURE would
folly sqaal lie British .deheeney. ss was recently
atItsd BY tho wei-known satiscan, Mr. James G4ird.
Ruasia With her broad and cheap acres, also stau1s
near to compete for this dshccucy. Afnnsaota
h., II o5.v nsyss
wather ths home price will ba 60 cents OF ST. or the
ultimate result dcbs or coupetenee And yet 10 rer
cent Of the cultivated area Of Minnesota III put IN
wheat and 81 per cent Of her eopo ara engaged IN ita
cultivation per cent in 6andipy It to market; Large
Of s a PER EN- G o. mvSsntss sna m' ~,
ita Al per cent Of professional non expect much OF
| their Income from whe4t. There hre reasons why
dence npcn foreign markets., evidently felt BY many,
for permanent and Increasing demand, il shown ~
.taatles to be foolish and futile Tho hono market
IL tho only reliable aud permanently valuable 0iio for
this certa and the ncarer to tho place Of growth ts
Hu1or and Larger tho bomoat derived.
The cottun 8sa!es have been especially persistent In
dsregardIng the teachings Of staEt!es and defyint
thn lawa Of political economy Every Intelligent put
clks knowa that & Certain M ~ amount of MONEY say
COTTON II Tho average quantity Is increased Tho prrs
dsn1iniHhes, aud vsei rers1.
facturef. and not the producer derives an advantage
II you choote to ptodlco 5000 D0 baeB you obtain
rer p9und md Lose u you gFow ~
better for ila world and in aerles Of years. belts
for tho grower, TO p1ouca regularly enough to suppl,
the curren. wants Of thu trao ut q medium and re-
4le Tor the yoisutnIes Of tla viii ineyttabl
injurious fluctuations despite the highest enor
Of human wisdo1n and foreAK!s, An tho ,ses oi.cot
ton increase. and markets ar1 extended thtoug9on i;
Tie world. lta manufacture will be enlarged, sud IL
culture should obtain corresponding enlargement. II
osersep hs boundary Of oitrrent as.,,and and glt u
mnrkot, mAJ ba pltasing to tho sPetnator. and to tn
manufacturer. far 40 he combines speculation Utt
weaving, but 1t il tteath to tho grower.
There Ii much fla0 reasoning on this mntter.
planter may truly atrn that llo obtains so per act
for hts cotton and hut $93 for hts cor md he there
unQu 3uJ therefore lecluras that lo will rlAut
uorn. Lot al act upon thtg suggestion, and i1lsca
Of SIS for tia acre Of ootton aud TINT Of corn, til
total return ct tho two acses Of cotton will 'be bu
$40. nurplus Of corn may BE- put Into meat, an
wool, and whisky, or used to eka out scarcity q
soma kind Of forage for animals; hut surplus g
cotton must walt for the slow grinding ar tue mills
the fsrieatng gods usually until dissat ut low price
red.ceb pruulettou corgtp0ndIngly.
Thu2, while cct:on Il and long will bo the leadtn
product and the most profitable Ae!d.crop Ut fai
prices 1ta prouueuce III the liat han kept, and iH
koop!ng, theas Btsscs III comparative poverty, which
unnecessary ~ It "a inoonysnisnt md in!.riosH
population Of nine millions. TLo other. crols, II