davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

placed, the spoons, the drinking horns. and {
the trenchers
The salt cellar was the most important l
article of all; very large, and made with
a cover. 1t is this latter popularity which
Shakespeare aludcs to, where he makes
Launcc say: The cover Of the salt hides
the salt, and therefore it is more than the
salt" i
! Where the host could afford it, it was of
/ solid silver, elaborately chased; often Il
very substantial piece of plate. as costly .
as his means would allow. And this ac-
counts for the greed with which Queen
| Elizabeth once seized upon one, on occa-
sion of fviSitinga a certain great official She
had already received valuable gifts from
him, but before her departure she g took
salt, Il spoon, and a fork of fair agate"
The cellar occupied the place of honor
on the table, and the most distinguished
person sat above it. TO sit "below the
salt means to be in the position OF an
inferior.
The meats were brought in on spits just
rs they were cooked, and IN that way
passed round bv the servants to the guests.
who in the more barbarous times, tore otf
\ portion as best they could. Afterwards,
when they had advanced Il little in their
ideas, there was carver, who held the
meat with one hand while he cut 1t with
, the other: and the guests helped them
| selves using their hands, and after they
? had dcvourcd what they wished, threw the
| bones to the dogs and cats that waited
| under the table, and scrambled for their
4 share among the rushes. Naturally
enough, every one was expected to wash
e his hands before coming to the board,
. and certainly in WAS needful afterwards
= A few knives. shaped like a razor. but
t forks were unknown. Even the great
O Elizabeth ate with her fingers. In her
. reign however, commerce was eXtenueu'
I and luxuries began to appear porcelain
Il and glasses instead of pewter mugs 10
d drink from. and in her bath room she had
mirrors. and this was considered Il great
IS cxtrayarance Her immense and lofty
= rooms were meager and cheerlesS enough
1t with their scant furnishings; and hertable
Is in spite of many pieces of plate. was not
le altorether removed from the rudenesS OF
le manners Of the early Sa1ons. AT ilrst,
= two persons ate from one " trencher, rs II
,d was called. There were no plates, and
| these trencherS were made to answer 'he
| nnrnosc They were, in fact. large slices
n of bread, placed before each one cor two)
:t to lccomodatr the meat. There were
" two qualities of bread; one line TO be
n eaten: the other, of course. inferior Hour
n was made into large loaves, then the outer
IN crust was removed and laid aside tor the
at Door. and the rest cut into very thlch ah'
1c Substantial slices. and thus used lnsteat
IA of plates. In the course OF time some IN
1c creniou~ person conceived the happy lde;
an Of having real plates The wealthy iur
II ni,hcd themselves with valuable ones "
lie silver. and eventually the common peopl
m We're nroyj,l,d with such rs their crcum
,i> lt,u.,s admitted made of wood or pew
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09
E<cIlSu IyY.-The use of Eng

ENGLISH IvY.-Thc use of English
ivies for the purpose of decorating living
rooms is more extensive every year and
cannot be too highly commented. Beng
very strong. they will live through any
treatment; but study their peculiarities, and
manifest Willingness to crafty them, and
they will crow without stint. Most houses
are too hot for them, rs indeed they are
for their owners Neither plants nor
ucoule should have the temperature over
65 der. Fahrenheit lake care not to en-
feeble your ivies by excessive watering or
undue heat. and you will see they VIII MOI
seem to mind whether the sun shines on
them or not. or in what position or dlrec-
ton YOU train them. Indeed, so much VII
they do themselves to make 4 room charm
inc. that we would rather have an un
limited number of them to draw upon than
ANYTHING else in nature or art.
DO YOU wish the ugly plain doors tina
shut Oft YOUR tiny entry from your parlor
to be arched OF curved, like those IN tn
drawing rooms of your richer nelShbors
Buy a couple of brackets, such as lamps
for the burning Of kerosene are sometime
placed in, and screw them IN the sides G
the door. Put in each plant OF EnSllsI
ivy, the longer the better; theh ti;'ih III
plants over the top, against the sides, IN
deed. any way your fancy dictates. 10
need not buy the beautiful but costly pot
the flower dealer will advise; commo
Glazed ones will answer every purpose
for, by placing in each two or three spray
of Coliseum ivy, in 4 months time n
vestise of the pot itself can be dlscerne
through their thick screen
The English ivy growing over the wall
of a building, instead of promoting damn
ness, as most persons would suppose,
said to be a remedy for it. and it is mel
r toned as fact that in a room wheI
: damp had prevailed for a length OF TIM
L when iyv had grown up to cover the o
posite exterior side. The close overhan
. ing pendent leaves prevent the rain
: moisture from penetrating the wall Bea
: ty and utility in this case 60 hand In han
e Journal Of Horticulture.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

4 LETTER FROM GAIaBALpI--I Ie Gh-
7cttc III Torin9 publishes the following
letter of Garibaldi. which confirms his
previous declaration published in the Cor
rI,rC:
"CArEEEA. "a November. 1874.
Nv dear Riboli - Accommodate your
self to your circumstances This is the
maxim put in practice 10y me from tie
time when mv riches consisted in Il shnt
unJer the saddle of my horse in America,
until that in which found myself Dlcta-
! for of the two SicilIe> Al Cascrta- | shall
hencrforth need nothing-lnd c-p"cl'llv
no subscription in my favor w IN the
commercial difficulties of my sons gave
I occasion to the newspapers To remeinber
that | was not rich. 4 similar recollection
suroc,tcd 10 Nj Ross. of Toronto, the
| de, of of, rin~ me Il sum OF money
which | concluded to accept No Such
sum came: but Mr.. Anderson. OF New
York. without any previous advice, sent
me :, bill of exchange on NJ Rothchlld
for 1000 ire in gold
therefore accept no subscription, and
am ever yours, " 'Ai'inA LII
G,ribaldi has accepted pension oi
2. 600 lires 10000 from the municipality
of Naples.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

John Brown attempt to tree the slaves
of Virginia, made at uarper's Ferry IN
the autumn OF 1859, was speedily sup
pressed. and he was put on trial Tor his
life on the charge of treason. conspiracy
to produce an insurrection, and murder
He was hung December %, 1879.
He appeared in the court room for the last
time on the 2d of November, and Just be-
fore being sentenced, on being asked II
he had anything to say, made the follow
ing characteristic speech:
Il have, may it please the court few
words to say In the first place | deny
everything but what | have all along adj
mitted, of Il design on my part to free
slaves | intended. certainly. to have
made clean thing Of this matter. as
did last winter when | went into Missouri
and there took slaves without the snap
ping of gun on either side. moving
! them through the country, and tnally
! leaving them in Canada. | designed tC
have done the same thing again on ;
larger scale. That was all | intended.
never did intend murder or treason, O.
the destruction of property, OF to eXcit'
or incite slaves to rebellion, or to max
insurrection. l have another objection
and that is that it is unjust that | shoul'
suffer such a penalty. Had | interfere'
in the manner in which | admit, AM
which | admit has been fairly proved
for | admire the truthfulness and candO
Of the greater portion of the witnesse
who have testified in this case-had l 8
interfered in behalf of the rich, the power
f full, the intelligent, the so-called great. O
in behalf of any of their friends, eithe
, father, mother, brother, sister, wife c
children, or any of that class, and sutfere
and sacrificed what l have in this intertel
, ence, it would have been all right; ever
. man in this court would have deemed
g an act worthy of reward rather than pul
, ishment. This court acknowledge, to
! as l suppose, the validity of the law
God. l see a book kissed, which l su
O pose TO be the Bible, OF at least the Ne
e Testament, which teaches me that
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09
A. AnD,r,o< To THf MARRIAGE Con

An ADDITION TO THE MARRIAGE CON-
TRACT IN THE SHAPE OF PROTEST.
Ever since the existence Of the common
law. parties about to be married have not
nnfreouentlv made private arrangements
to nrotect the wife from the wholesale
wrong and loss which the law int1icts.
occasionally the sense of the injustice Of
the legal position of the wife has been toe ,.
great to be borne in silence, and public
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

A cellar, or any other storage place of
apples or pears. should he daily ventilated
with pure outside air: but II the tempera-
ture of the cellar be kept too high. the ap-
pies will decay under and circumstances;
and without regard to certain conditions
The truth in regard to this matter Is, that
to preserve apples and pears, for instance;
while the place of keeping should be well
ventilated at all times, the temperature
should be as equal as possible and as low
as possible without fear of freezing
naantoun Telegraph
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

things whatsoever l would that men /
! should do to me should do even so to
them. 1t teaches me, further, to remcm-
Der them tha. are in bonds rs bound with
them. endeavored to act up to that 10
struction. | say am yet too young to
understand that God is any respecter OF
persons.
IL believe that to have intcrfered as l
have done, as have always freely admit
ted have done, in behalf OF HIS despisei
poor, is no wrong but right. Now, II 1t l.
deemed necessary that should forfeit my
life for the furtherance Of the ends of justice,
and mincle nv blood further with the
blood of my children and with the blood
of millions in the slave country. whose
rights are disregarded by wicked. cruel
and unjust enactments, | say let 1t be
done.
"Lct me say one word further. feel
entirely satisfied with the treatment l
have received on my trial. Considering
all the circumstances. it has been more
generous than l expected, but l feel no
consciousness of guilt. l have stated from
the first what was my intention, and what
was not. | never had any design against
the liberty of any person. nor any
DISPOSITION to commit treason or inclte
slaves to rebel or make any general IN
surrccton | never encouraged any man
to do So but ALWAYS discouraged any luea
of that kind.
LET me say, also, in regard to the
statements made by some OF those VINO
were connected with me, | fear 1t mas
been stated by some of them that l nave
induced them to ion me, but the contrary
is true. do not say this to injure them,
but rs rcgretting their weakness. Not one
e
greater part at their own expense. a
't number of them | never saw and never
: had Il word of conversation with TIL the
/ dav they came to me, and that was 1or tlle
II purpo,e have stated Now have done.
e "FoE HIS SOUL IS MARCHING ON.
: They call thee hot Drained crazed and mad;
= But every word that falls
u Goes straight md true, and hits the maiA-
l. More than cannon-b balls
to Through sccpterorms OF bogus law
- 1t cuts lis way complete,
ld And judge aud jury too are hled
j. AtGoIs great judgment seat
It. OH man, fuewell. they n take thy life
For dangerous enough,
IL In these swcetly piping times,
II Are men of hero stun.
VI We should tread soft above the Ares
lu That underneath Us lie;
III You'll crack the crust of compromise
nj ANA set thcm spouuns high!
Where Ienry's cry f,r "Llberty'
oncc -cmt Its ehlvcrInS thrill
- There, only room SIX feet by TWO
- F1r hcruc, NOW 10 I'LL
~ Ard Ger the spot the years Will roll
-liN y -pIIn. III Ulurc W. ave-,
lr And autumn o'cI the lelOn'e grave
4 ,1,L, ,l,,yn lt> Vr low leaves.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

Blessings, blessings on the beds
Whoseswhite pillows sof(ly bear
Rows of little shining heads
That have never known Il care.
Pity for the heart that bleeds
In the Homestead desolatc,
Where no little trouble needs
Make the weary wait.
Safely, safely to the fold
Bring them wheresoe'er they be,
Thou who saIdst To them of Old,
suffer them to come TO me-
-fiice cary
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09
at(istellanu.
4 Trial for Perjury.

trial for perjury cNcIlcd unusual interest.
-rlr accused was an accomplished young
.,-,I who for some wears had been Il
07..y,rne-- in :, wealthy family, and whose
-.r,!n,t had been above relroach-
She had been called IL Il witness in an
.~f fjnarv civil suit. and had answered in
.,.. urgativr the usual question as to
whether ~hr had ever been punished for
.,., criminal ol1cnsc. BY accident it was
.,..crwArd discovered that She. some TIM
previously. had been sentenced to prison
tr thirty days for theft and consequently
,lu. ,har,c of perjury WAS brought against
her. Les on account OF the faI9e oath
...,n of the theft committed by a beautiful
.,,.J hirhlv cultured young lad Y, the court
r.nm wa filled to rcplction. was
-,u,voiLablv hindcrrd from being present
,,,Itil the proceedings We're nearly ended.
The counsel for the prisoner had risen
t,-pcIh for his client. He was a di"nticd
,,J Gentleman. and was usually somewhat
..itr cold. and measured in his manner of
-,,,,k mo. but to-day his Voice trcmblcd,
and II Na~ evident that he was deeply
moved.
"tirntlcmcn of the Jury. he began. Il
have stood here many times TO defend the
accused. but never with so heavy Il heart
a-,n-dav. While | have never been more
fully convinced of the innocence of my
client. | have. on the other hand. never
zen iiiI' ''1''I ,, nf
:: favorable verdict.
"Thr accused is an orphan. BY th"
death of her parents before She had scarcely
reached womauhood, She WIS early com
1c-Ied to seek her bread among strangers.
! liberal education enabled her To obtain a
situation =: @"E ITS 'l '"' I. VD'i
>Hr "a> III 'lle o''iIi'
indH-trLou~ shlllIt III ii'' ili';.iii' ,''i'
modest III htr pfti'h@i''li1- l',!o''' I'iei,
ever fEVIhG "'th 'I', 9I''''" ~ - W.,
with regard 10 H'r IloH'H'E. Nii'i an 1t u
once ~hr Wi'~ acc 81 'l',l' 'i''' ''i
she haN assured me 'il'' >ll' was "Ii iI"> iN
ronvlrtcd. nave lf''ll~'u my lio'r>>oi
Tor ihiN Nt;uH. l-"h@ 'N 'l l'ilr, ma maui
me lh>th>lpi' |" 'c'l : anu l''''" 9'o' i,7
Here. 2thtItll'i. 'I,tIr "'i' nv vi
Her words We're >!il pc "''l \l' ll' N"li
yIncng. he accused W1> hoI @ulIiI .
the thctt, and consequently me 'o'I"' W III
clear con~rlrncr- answer tAe I''9'l"i
with regard I" ht\ Ii- "rch 'iIl>il'i 10
any crime, a. >hr dla' IN l,i' H'9;''E !"
She had not been pull>ll'd' pU' lF'' Deer
the victim of 4 Great injustice:
| am, OF course, not HnnlmdiuI "l III
fact that my opinion can h!fdiN ht AK
into account ne drltH~t i C'lhlrli'"
admit that, II Judged solely ny il' ~ II'ht'
the charge has been -n>t!ntE'trd; huI
beg, gentlemen. that You VIII l"r M"ln'l
imagine yourself III the place "l 'he accused
Again She had found Il situation; h"'liii
was known ct her ever nav ~ '''h ~ T..
prlSon"I; l"r -"ih' E''IN ~, iN'' Ui .i
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

HOME CoURTEsIEs.-A writer IN Harper
Bazar makes some excellent remarks con-
cerning courtesy at home:
The placing the arm chair IN warm
place for mamma, running for tootstoo
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09

Gen. Frank p Blair, who has been dan
gerouslv sick at Clifton Springs, n Y.
during the fall, is much better. and has re.
turned to his home in St. Louis.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1874-12-09
TERMS FOR ADVERTISING.

For one SQUARE Of I2 lines or less of Agate type
seriion 90. for each subsequent inserfion2s
cents Unless the number of insertions are marked
ON the advertisement it Will be continued until
ordered out Liberal discount made to merchants
and others advertising by the year
PrObateand CommiS -ioncrs'N Offices - 90 each
Fornotices of I.iberatiGns, Estrays theF ormation
and Dissolution of CopartnerehIps &c SLID each
for three Insertions II sent by Mail the money must
accompany the letter.
Notices in news columns, 10 cents per line each
crtIon but no charge made of less than 80 CENTS
Notices of Deaths and Marriages inserted gratis.
bat extended Obituary Notices Poetry Will be
charged AT the rate OF five cents per line
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-06-27

A new invention has lust been tried in
Paris which is said 20 render drowning
thing of the past. II consists in the
employment OF pneumatic lniia rubber
tube rolled round the body with a suiii-
cient number of folds to contain the ne
cessary amount of air. This tube IS
placed concealed in q double envelope
forming shirt. 1t terminate by a
mouthpiece, which shuts with the aid OF
a simple copper button. The operation
is simple in the extreme, and the swim
mer or immersed person hes enough air
for whole day. When the apparatus
comes to diminish in volume, il is easy
10 expand il again by the principal tube
IN deep water without any effort or diff
Guilty The trial was witnessed at the
Henry the Fourth Baths, when the in
ventor, NJ. Gosseln, showed its proper
ties. lie stood upright, the hands raised
above the head, wren the water did not
come above the shoulders; he then float
ed on his back, with arms crossed. The
apparatus can be worn under the clothes
like flannel wais,co.t. 1t extends from
the neck to the knees, fastened in front
by a row of buttons. 1t is composed of
a double 1annel, in the midst of which
an India rubber tube circulaies, starting
from the top Of the chest, ascending the
the left side of the neck, and following
the central line of the back there it di-
vides in two branches, eneircling the
thighs as far as the knees From the
central part of the principal tube twelve
10 fifteen lesser tubes diverge to make
the round of the body, and meet in front
where the row of buttons is. This i'm
provement on the life-belt is said to be
certain to supersede all existing appli-
ances in teaching swimming or saving
life from shipwreck.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-06-27
CUBAN NEWS.
outrag

New YORK, June 27.-Havana letters
of recent date say that the Cubans
report that convoy Of four hundred
men, together with forty carloads of
provisions, have been captured by the
Cubans, in the jurisdiction of Santiago
de Cuba, and that four hundred Span
iards had been shot in retaliation for
the shooting Of Cubans. The Diario
states that the Spanish forces are in the
field operating against the Cubans, to
the number of sixty thousand men. Of
this number forty thousand are supposed
to be guarding the cultivation districts, ten
thousand on the sick list and elsewhere,
and ten thousand engaged in active pur-
suit of the enemy. These ten thousand
men, it says, are not sufficient to pur-
sue six or eight thousand men we'll ac-
quainted with the country.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-06-27
West Point Cadets.

Referring to the graduating class at
West Point this year, a correspondent OF
the New York Herald INDUCES in the
following language:
1t would surprise man of the world
to hear some OF these new fledglings talk
withal-these officers that are to be- Of
this same future and OF the ways of
mankind in general, of the civil as we'll
as of the military order. They have,
every mothers son of them, been pent
up here four years, which have been I'M
interrupted except by few weeks vaca-
ton two years ago. and yet they have an
idea because they know how to shoulder
musket and 60 through a battalion
drill and dance with the ladies and talk
sweet nonsense to them somewhat inele-
gantly, that when they emerge into
the outside world they will find about
them men and women who will at
every step be ready to bow down
before them and declare them to be
the wonders of the age. While this
confidence in their own immensely is
not the absolute result of West Point
education, and can be found in a more
or less marked degree in the graduates
of all our colleges, yet it is found more
marked in the West Point graduate than
in the graduate of any other institution
in the country. This is simply because
he is more hedged in from contact with
the outside world than the student of
other colleges, and is consequently, nine
cases out of ten, as familiar with the
ways Of the world and city society gen.
orally as the youngster who emerges
from Jesuit college with the idea that
everybody who is not in orders is pre-
pairing for them, or is the other thing,
the devil himself. 1t would. be we'll,
indeed, if the graduate of West Point
would always take the advice | once
heard given by General Scott-of sainted
memory hereto graduate. Said he,
"You have been here, my son, four
years, and you 90 away tomorrow with
the idea that you know more than the
average run of men" The cadet frankly
answered, II do" "Well, sir" said
the General, II have seen a generation
Of classes graduate at West Point, every
member Of it holding the same idea of
things as you do; but | never met one
of them in after years who did not con-
TESS that when ne went out into the
world be found he had mistaken his own
strength and knowledge" And thus
the princely old gentleman, with that
courtly grace and good heartedness
which made him the beloved man he
was TO all who knew him, softly added
You will find when you go into the
world that you know nothing; that you
are child in the wilderness; so don't
put on any airs, for the world will take
you to be countryman if you do"
This advice stands good to-day for |
any graduate, and he who keeps it best |
in mind will not fare the worst. The |
boys of the present graduating class are
smart, clever fellows. They may pos
sibly think now that they know every
thing worth knowing, but as they intend |
to 20 TO New York city, the majority of |
them to remain few weeks there, it will |
be well for them to remember that "a
child in the wilderness is child that
wants looking after.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-06-27
NEW YORK.
Revenue Penalties eslEnation of
the Chief of the secret Service.


New YoRK, June 27.-Phelps, Dodge
& Co., publish an answer to the recent
speech in Congress of General Butler,
reiterating many of their former state
ments, and asserting: We believe
General Butler knows, but will fnlly con
ceal the fact, that the same error and
misunderstanding of intricate law which
compelled US, under severe penalty, to
invoice our goods, both at the cost price
and the market price, led us in case of a
great number of importations to invoice
their value above cost, and so resulted
in gain to the revenue and loss to our
selves immensely greater than the Gov
eminent claims to have lost.
A Washington dispatch states that the
Chief of the Secret Service Division, d.
c. Whitley, has resigned, and that the
impression prevails that Whitley acted
under instructions from some one author
lied to direct him. This Secretary
Bristow will endeavor to ascertain with
out regard to whom it may implicate.
A dispatch from Salisbury, N. c.,
states that John Allen Ketchey was
hanged there yesterday for the crime of
outrage.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1874-06-27
WasI,;nxtssE News.

WASHINGTON, June 27.-The President
is expected to return to Washington
Tuesday or Wednesday next at the
latest, and may reach Long Branch by
the Fourth of July.
Catell and Dennison have not informed
the President whether they will accept
or decline the appointment of Commits
sioners for the District of Columbia,
and Blow desires, before he gives an
answer, to be furnished with copy of
the act providing for temporary gov
ernmeHt, and to be informed whether
the duties of the Commissioners will re-
quire FIVE or six months residence in
Washington.