The New York herald., 1874-11-30

says ne, at p. 1866 "that this instrumenr-tne con-
/ stitunon-creates o governments OF limited
powers, but or unlimited authority within Its
province For instance, the President cannot
appoint any State o1icer or Issue command to
him, NOT even justice OF the peace or constable
OF township: but he may draft or compel half
million o citlzens into the army In case OF war;"
On this we pause. and without discussing the
power OF Congress 30 order o corscrip-
ton, sure are we there 10 error mere,
II MI. Nordhon Is TO be understood
In the widest sense OF the language
be has used. He means, we presume. TO state the
power OF the President as Commander-n-Chief
when the States have put the militia under MS
contro. That. however, ls derlvative power, and
ought to be so stated Again, at page 90, we
read 1.-THE States cannot, however. give the
franchise OF citizenship Unfortunately. Tor the
federal government has the exclusive authority TO
declare who shall be citizens. Thus no State could
allow Chinese to vote. because these people are
not capable under the laws OF the federal govern
ment OF becoming citizens." Why not, we ask. II
they become naturaliZei and there be no tncapa-
city from race or colorf Mr.. Nordhon Is not as
clear as usual III stating page 1861 that tne Pres
ident does not act against States as he may
against citizens" unless he means, as he may. to
adopt Judge Blacks view In 1851. We must incline
to take issue as TO the single Presidential term
and compulsory education, mot In school, but
In the public school;n but these are dOctrlnal
questions we have no time or incllna.
tion to discuss. Far more agreeable would
It be, did our limits permit, to point
the readers attention to certain bright spots on
these very modest pages-as. for instance. the
chapters on the Usury law, where the soundest
doctrine IS asserted In language perfectly trans
parent that any one can see to the bottom OF IT.
and on the legal tenders, summing the last up in
these two sentences:-"The government issues
promises to paw on the plea that IL has no money!
and unaaEes them legal tender because they are not
good For II they were good IL would not need to
force US to accept them, which Is the only object
OF the legal tender clause, and II the government
had money It could have no excuse or occa-
sion for issuing them" IL may be with reference
to this very law trter-a1i1 that Mr.. Nordhor says
tp. 10, :-''It was noticed once by an eminent
English writer that almost all modern reforms IN
Europe have been made, not by enac;ipg new
laws. but oy repeating great mass of old ones"
Weventure. in conclusion, on but one other CITATION
which the present sad state OF things In the pro-
sected iron regions makes verified prophecy
2S7. For the rorfnaeH do not benefit 0p the tartT,
but only the capitalists. 1t Is not pretended that
the high duty ob1ges or causes the IRON masters to
pay their laborers wages above the average stan
dard OF wages in the country: the protectfonists
only clam that the high duty enaoes the payment
orao1ges In the protected industries equal TO those
pad in the unprotected. But those now engaged
in the furnaces and factories, where they are
crowded together, and rendered less intelligent,
less ingenious. less independent than the average
OF their countrymen, would. II there had been no
IRON furnaces at all have been engaged in other
and more healthiul occupatlons, and they are thus
injured by the protective duty by being iured into
the furnaces and In the end are left without EN-.
ployment by q commercial crisis IN their trade,
caused py over-producton. brought about entirely
Dy the stimulant OF bounty or "protecrion." The
high duty on iron tempted capitalists by the pros
pect u extraordinary pronts, ana tnus caused an
unnaturally rapid expansion OF this business, with
the result, sure from the frst OF general paraly-
sis. involving loss OF capital, which is an indirect
but certain loss TO the OF laDorers but also,
and directly. bringing suffering to the aborers
engaged In the production OF iron and to their
families