, 1874-10-24
SPAIN AND EUROPE.
Saturday Reoje0

introduced a convoy into Pampeluna, the Car
lists can scarcely hope to obtain any decisive
success in Navarro. 1t is remarkable that
they have never, except by the aid of internal
treacbery, captured any considerable town or
fortress. There is much probability in the
rumour that the districts from which they
derive their resources are becoming tired OF
the war but for the present Don CARLOS has
intimated no intention OF abandoning his inter
minable enterprise. 1t is even asserted that
several cadets Of the Spanish family of B JUR.
BON have decided at a formal meeting that Don
CARLOS is not only legitimate King Of Spain,
but heir of the Count of CHANBoRD in France.
It is undoubtedly true that the descendant of
PHILIP Y. and Of LOUIS NV. is nearer in
blood to the House of France than the Princes
of ORLEANS who descend from Louis KILL;
and it might be p~lau3ibly coutended that the
Treaty of Utrecht is inapplicabIe to the cir
cumStances Of modern Europe yet it is scarce
ly credible that two or three dispo8s9ssel
italian princes should presume to dispose of
the accession to the throne Of France nor is
their opinion likely to influence any party in
Spain. There is no common basis Of c0ntr0.
versy between RoyalistS and Republicans and
the title Of the Prince of the AsrURiAs is not
less tenable than the pretensions Of Don CAR.
Los. The male heir claims under the French
INV OI SuCCtSSlOI WHICH WIS introduced llI0
Spain by the BoURB ms, and FERDINA,D VII,
with the assent of the Uortes, protested to re-
vive in favour of his daughter tne more
ancient Spanish rule Of descent. It is strange
that a dynastic dispute as little connected
with national interests as the Wars of the
Roses should be prosecuted by successive gene
ratiOns in modern Europe. Foreigners have
not even yet succeeded in understanding
either the strength or the weakness of the
CarIist cause. 1t is evident that the volun-
teers who sustain the struggle must be in
earnest but it is doubtful whether they are
actuated by an imaginative feeling of loyalty,
or by attachment to their own provincial
independence. Ihe clergy have never adher-
ed as a body to he L%agitjmist Pretender, nor
has he been openly favoured by the POPE.
The encouragement which the Government
of Madrid derived from the recognition accord
cd by the majority of European Powers has
recently abated. The different Ambassadors
and Ministers have been accredited, not to the
Republic, but personally to the Chief of the
Executive Power. The representatives Of
Germany and Austria, evidently acting under
concerted Instructions, addressed Marshal SER
RANO when they were received in formal audi
ence, not as President, but as Duke of La Tor
RE; and consequently they might without IN
consistency Withdraw their recognition from
any successor wh) might be chosen by the ma
tion. 1t has not been stated whether England
follows the lead of Germany in the form as
we'll as in the time Of recognition. If the
Spaniards think fit to describe their State as a
Republic, there is no reason why foreign Gov
ernments shopll question the propriety Of the
designation. According to the ordinary use of
language, a Republic is the alternative of a
Monarchy so that a nation without a king, al
though it may be subject to q Professionally alb
solute' Government, is properly described as a
Republic. On the ablication of King AMADEo
a Republic was proclaimed by the Cortes which
purported to represent the country and when
PAvTA turned the Cortes out of doors, no nomi-
nal change was made in the form of govern
ment. 1t is as President of a Republic that
Marshal SERRANo is, like his predecessors, re-
cognized by the United States of America, and
1t might ne supposed that the same institutions
are maintained for purposes of Intercourse
with Europe. In accepting from Germany and
other POWERS an ambiguous title, SERRANo
probably wishes to leave himself open to the
adoption of any political system which he may
consider expedient for himself or for the ma
ton 1t is not even known whether the omis-
sion of all reference to a Republic was suggest
ed by the PRESIDENT himself. He may per-