davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
NEH PUBLICATIONS.

''The White Rose of Langley" by Emily
Sarah Holt, published by Robert Carter x
Bros, New York city. For sale by VIM. Bal.
lantyne, Seventh street, near the corner of E
street northwest.
Norwood, or Village Life in England, =" by
Henry Ward Beecher, published by J. B. Ford
y Co., New York city. For sale by r. B.
Mohn x Co., northeast corner of Eleventh
street and Pennsylvania avenue northwest.
''Field, Cover and Trap Shooting, y by Adam
II. Bogardus, published by J. B. Ford & Co.,
New York city. For sale by R. B. Mohun *
Co., northeast corner Of Eleventh street and
Pennsylvania avenue northwest.
"Tomette," by Henry Churton, published
by j. B. Ford * Co., New York city. For sale
by r. B. Mohun x Co., northeast corner OF
Eleventh street and Pennsylvania avenue
northwest.
american Wild Shooting" by Joseph W.
Long, published by J. B. Ford " Co., New
York city. For sale by R. B. Mohun X Co.,
northeast corner of Eleventh street and Penn
sylvania avenue northwest.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
[oPFICIAL.l
NAVY DEF ARrMExr,
Uniform circular.l
~ -

Uniform circular.l NAVY DEP ARTMENT,
WASHINGTON. ID. c.. Nov. Z, 1874. Z
On and alter the LIST Of January, 1875 ali ON
GERS Of the navy to whom this regulation can
apply will wear on their blue cloth trOWsers for
full dress a stripe OF navy gold lace down the
outer seam, Of the width Of that on their full
dress-eoats.
After the above date lieutenant commanders,
and officers ranking with that grade, will wear
on their sleeves two strips Of gold lace. half an
inch in width, with one strip quarter OF an inch
in width between them, each quarter OF an inch
apart.
Lieutenants, and officers ranking with that
grade will wear two strips Of hall-ineh gold lace
one quarter Of an inch apart.
GEO. NJ. ROBSON.
Secretarv of the NAVY
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

THE New York World is thorough con.
vert to the doctrine of intimidation so sue.
ceSsfully practiced by its Southern allies.
1t is already menacing the President with
the Democratic Congress by saying that
cit would not be safe for President Grant
''to do in Arkansas what he did in Lou.
'isiana in 1872. = = Ifhe (Garland)
els not let alone, let Grant and the Grant.
cites beware when the Democratic Con.
''gress meets next year" This is a good
way TO swerve the President from his con.
victions of duty. He don't scare worth a
cent.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

IN ANOTHER PORTION of this paper will
lie found the proceedings of the School
Board last evening, including statements
of expenditures last year and estimates OF
expenses for the current and next ensuing
school years. Also suggestions regarding
an entire reorganization of school manage
ment by q board of education with I'M
limited powers. These proceedings chal-
Ienge the most careful scrutiny of every
citizen
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
MARRIED..

cLANTON-MALONEY.- Rev. }. A. Bokel,
q. p, al 81. DOminick's church, November Is,
RICHARD W. CLANT0N and Miss MARY A. MALO.
NEY, both of Washington.
OUNTAIN.-NOvember IS, by the
Rev. j. G. Butler. GEORGE W. SNITHsoN and Mis-,
JOSEPHINE FOUNTAIN.
WEIs-NICHoLs.-N II, by Rev. G. A.
NiNdorh, HUGH WILLIAM WEIs, Of Richmond.
Va, and ADA L. NICHOLS, Of Georgetown, d. c.
GODDARD = DRAINE.-NOyember 10. at ST.
Patrick church, by Rev. Fatter Keane, MAT.
THEW GODDARD ana MAGGIE DRAINE, all OF this
city. No cards.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

We PRINT this morning a full abstract of
the annual report of the Commissioner Of
Internal Revenue. 1t gives a gratifying
picture of future prospects of revenue from
spirits and tobacco, and also of the success
full operation of the new system of collec-
4iOD
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
DIED.

EICHELBERGER. November Is CHARLES H
STONEsTI;EET, infant son Of ~ I. and the late Al
ics c. G. Eichelberger, aged six months.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 10, PATRICK SCANLoN,
aged eighty-nine years, native Of Ireland, and !
resident Of this city for the last fifty years.
Relatives and friends of the family are respect.
fully requested to attend the funeral from his late
residence, No 50 street northeast, this afternoon
at 3 O'Clock.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

An INTERESTING paper on fish culture,
in another column, will repay careful pc
rusaI. 1t is a subject of much interest to
all consumers.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
COFFEE

Old Government Java, raw. cents.
Old Government Java, roasted. cent?
Old Govt Java, raw, extra quality......S0 cents.
Old Govt Java, roasted, extra quality. 40 cent?
MaraeaibO, raw, 2S cents, roasted-......3S cents.
Laguyra, raw, 2s cents, rOastsd.........SS cents.
Rio, raw, ~ and 25cts, roasted, "a and so csRts.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

more TO show for what we have expended
for ourselves than any other city in the
Union.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
Old WHEAT FLOUR.

Fresh ground Flour from old wheat,
Bakers, remember this. Stock large; can supply
aGE7 WIN. GAIT.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
TEAS,

Our FIFTY cent eOIong and Imperial Teas are
the best to be had in this city at the price, money
refunded. We also have on hand, and In large sup
ply, FIFTEEN other different grades, IncludInga
very high grade OrsILYER LEAF Japan and eAOIss
Moyune GunpOwder, at moderate prices.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
FRIDAY NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. %, Is

THE attention of patentees and of patent
lawyers is invited to an important decision
of the Attorney General, to be found else
where.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

TIE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN, has 4
LARGER CIRCULA TYOE THAN ANY OTHER
FORMING PAPER IN THE DISTRICTOF CO.
LUMBTA.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
BUTTER

One ton Of Genuine New York Goshen Butter
Just arrived, " hieh we offer wholesale and retail.
Also, Just received, 400 dozen CANSED GOODS,
which we viii sell during the early part Of the
son at extremely low rates.
Pure imported CUBA HONEY, by the galion-A
delicious article.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
FLOUR
Graham flour and Dat Meal.

2. E. Smith & Co.'S Graham Flour and Crushed
Wheat, direct from their mill in Brooklyn every
week.
Fresh Dat Meal in bulk; Genuine Scotch Dat Meal
In pound packages; Genuine Irish Dat Meal, from
the Water Gate Mills, in I6-lb. tin cans.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
JACQUES JoUVENAL's

M - r h i . " q II TX -
94I d =, Near Lewis JOhusOn's Bank.
All MONUMENTS on hand sold at great re-
duction. All new orders made by designs OF the
latest styles. The best workmanship and best
ITALIAN MARBLE guaranteed. ma2o-amM
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
RATES OF ADVERTISING:

Twenty-Five cents per line. Observation-Disclosures
bIhPad Of ''FOr Sale or Rent ~ Wanted - Lost
GndFOUnd, " and persona" twelve and q half
cents per line.
81 All communications, whether on business or
for publication, should be addressed to WN. j.
MURTAGH, Proprietor, NATIONAL REPUBLICAN,,
Washington, D.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

The NATIONAL REPUBLICAN is published every
morning Sundays eNceptedl at the southwest cor
neroTThirteenth street and Pennsylvania avenue,
and is furnished to subscribers Cby carriers) at y
cents per month.
Mail subscribers, $50 per year; 500 for six
months, and 500 for three months. Terms in
VarisUly in advance
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20
aatiunaI grpahlifam

J.MURTAGH...........Editor and Proprietor.
National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-11-20

This FLOUR was never better than It is now
--' Nv ~ D'''O' - '-' ma 49, W. N, GAIT.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

THr Coax,rrsE OF SEsS ckrespond.
emit who is familiar ID Ith tI eye1ts touching
the efforts to bring siraaah -inso she UFton
.un.haekled by the abominabie provisions OF
the new Constitution and the tyrannical de-
decisions Of General CANDY takes issue with
the statement of the Dispatch awarding cre-
dit to Mr.. STUART, of Augusta, as the autnor
Of The anew. movement" OF which .sthe
Committee Of Nine" was the chief feature.
We do not think bis statement diminisbes
much. IL at all, the credit due TO MFR. STUART.
Our correspondents history might be con.
strued as claiming for General SToNEMAs the
iirst suggestion. Major sUrHERLIs forwarded
il, but it was Mr. STUART's clear and impress.
siye article, published simultaneously In the
Wing and the Dispatch, which gave shape
and steady onward motion to the idea.
We were witness to the zeal and efficiency
OF Mr.. sTuAaT's exertions in Washing
ton in behalf of the policy Of striking
off the shackles from Virginia. There
is hardly room for conflict between
the claims of that gentleman and OF thai
illustrious citizen of Augusta whom we
all mourn. Both entitled themselves to the
enduring gratitude of Virginia for their de-
votion.
We would not deprive Major sUTHERLN Of
one single leaf of the chaplet which was due
him for his practical good sense and DIS
natriotism at that most critical period of the
hist tory of our glorious State of Virginia
the most wronged of all the States, as well
as the State of creates. sacrifices for the sake
of the Union.
We shall not be a stickler for the claims OF
Mr.. STUART in a matter in which so many
others entitled themselves to reward for nav
ing done we'll for their country. de has l,
wealth of services from which may be well
spared even the credit we awarded nun
without any serious diminution OF his ricn
estate of public labOrs.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

PAGANs IN LoNDoN.-JoHN FIsEE, profes
sor at Harvard University, recently deliver
ed two lectures in London on two Sundays
NJ. D. CONWAY writes that one lecture wa
preceded by hymns selected from the poetry
of EMERSON and LoSGFELLow, and by Scrip
ture lessons read from ST.. P AyL and NOLAN
MED, and the other lecture by an anthem, the
words being from SHAKESPEARE, and by read
ing Hebrew psalm and hymn written
in India fifteen hundred years ago.
Why should people who have no respect
for religion observe the forms of those who
believe that they are profited by them? II
seems to us TO be mockery.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

EyoLUTIoN.- FIszG in his London
lectures, as reported by M. d. CONWAY,
illustrated his theory as follows:
FsThe first point was illustrated BY the
analogy of language i'll which words which
in their highest DEVELOPMENT appeared IN
related were found to have been in origin
the same words. Words so unlike as pen
and feather were traced back to a common
origin il the Old Aryan pat Hight) which
in the northern direction became success.
sively pata.tra, fath.tra, feather; In the
southern direction became pdtnu, pes-nd,
pennd, and pen. So the French larn.e and
English tear were shown to be the same.
Such conveyance of linguistic lines to pro-
totypes was not put forward as testimony to
similar derivation of d;ssimilar forms from
common ancestor, but as indicating the
way 10 which classification must be framed
III All cases where We have 70 express e"4'
pick genetic relationships"
It seems to us that tue illustration is al
argument against the theory Of evolution
The words quoted by Mr.. FlsKE did no
"eyolye" themselves, nor change their OWE
forms, but were altered by Intelligent, SEN
tent aggregatious of organic molecules -
that is to say, by mind, by intelligence, BY
man. Now, it Is We who hold that mat
was SO productivity mind superior to his, .!
intelligence above his. In word, by the ma
of the Almighty. Aud as the words II
j question never did and never could hav
changed themselves, so the "organic mole
cules would, in the absence of the plash
hand Of the Creator, have forever Remained
"organic molecules aud nothing else
never would or could have become man.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

THE New CoDE.-A volume is now Delo .
US, and we regret as well as feel snrpasu ~
fud on examining its 1916 pages TWO eIlois
that will necessarily destroy It's tselu oss
and value. For instance, pases rom 1's zoo
to 124s appear trce o mlie l In iU irdeS
r ~ are made to pages 1855, ,256, and
numerous others not to be found in the
book. Petersburg NeeoS.
We are surprised that the NeUs could
suppose that such blunder could escape the
eyes of MUsFoRD, GooDE, and WALKER. We
have examined a copy of the new Code, and
have found no pages omitted and none
duplicated. Even if the whole edition were
in the condition in which the copy belonging
to the Ne,os is, it would be the fault of no.
body but the binder, and could be readily
remedied at his expense.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

The Clv1L-RIGHTs Built is understood
TINT the House Judiciary Committee have
decided to report the civilrights bill without
tho. feature relating to common schools, and
it will probably pass the House in this shape
The bill will give the negro equal rights IL
hotels, churches, cemeteries, and public con
veyauces.- Washington telegram.
Not in churches. They are supported by
the public, but not in the sense in which
public schools are; nor are they licensed
They are in a peculiar sense private pro-
pertY. Congress dare not begin to legislate
in religious or ecclesiastical matters. Be-
sides, churches were not Included in tie ORR
ginal bill.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

seee OF stue. E
Mr. Eaitor, b heseispasck of January
1btfryou say Mr.. stufrt WIS the author
the Commute Of Nine movement:
Begging our pardon, this Is INCORRECT; Inc
autbor cffhnt movement vas Maior Nil ttam
T. sutherlin, of DanyiIle. / well remem Der
the time when that gentleman, having come
TO Richmond from Baltimore and mel Gen
eral stoneman on his way hither from " ASH
ington, spoke to three or four gentlemen
Of whom Twas one and the only assenter
Of the party-of the necessity OF sucn
a movement and bis purpose to 1nau. !.
glrate It. This was in consequence OF
bis conference with General stone man, VINO
had satisfied him of the malignant influences
that oppressed Virginia. Very soon after
Major Sutherlin concocted the plan WIN
General Echols, of staunton,, and ne, !
think. enlisted Dir. Stuart. AT ell eVents.
Major Sutherlin's ideas preceded Mr. Stuarts
action by several days, as remember per.
fectIy we'll; so well that l can Fix The date II
1t shall be necessary to take that trouoe.
or MIR. Stuart's subsequent activity AN. !.
we'll aware, and give him great credit LOT II ,
but he did not originate the movement, hol
control it. Its master spirit was the Iate
John 3. Baldwin. "
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

We suspect that the Petersburg NeaoS is
mistaken as to the birthplace Of Governor
ALLEN, of Ohio. The article from which We
made up our half.column one would have
filed page of our paper, and was so full of
facts that it evidently came from Mr.. ALLEN
himself. 1t was THURMAN, not ALLEN, that
was born in Lynchburg. But the fact that
ALLEN there worked at his trade has doubt
less, by evolution" grown into the story
that he was born there.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

THK ELECTION OF WITHERs.-stI 1t has eff.
tfsctually crushed out a small clique of politi-
sical riu,-nasters in Virginia VINO have for
fourteen years In caucas, to our personal
knowledge, ruled aud ruined The leading
party Of the State. With all their dogmatisln
and want Of wisdom in counsel, they will
never play another part on the political
chess.koard Of 49, ties. P..tersyn-.c Ne,cs.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
REAL ESTATE AT PRIVATE SALE.

VERY VALUABLE, LOT ON THE
DOCK AND YORK RIVER RAILROAD,
AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF CARY AND
NINETEENTH STREETS, FOR SALF.-l am
authorized to sell the foregoing valuable LOT, with
an old BRICK BUILDING thereon, now occupied
as a courtyard by Mr.. L. B. Bentley 1t has front
OF "A feet and a depth on the east line Of Nine
teenth street OF upwards OF 100 feet to the line OF
unequaIled advantages for receiving and forward
ing produce by rail, canal, and river.
TERMS: Reasonable.
Apply to VI. GODDIN,
s (, i7-St -s+tEa Aucfioneer.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
DEATHS.

Died at A. N. this morning. Mrs. MARY MAC.
MAHOS, native Of County Glare, Ireland, aged
fifty years
Her funeral will take place TO-MORRoW Is 4.
das1 AFTERNOON from the residence OF her
The friends and acquaintances are respectlullyir.
ylted to attend.
Died. suddenly. of hemorrhage, JOSEPH T.
RAYMOND. in his Iil,-tieth year.
His funeral will take place TO-DAY at O'Clock
from the residence of his mother, Mrs. Il. A. Ray
mond No. 7O6 Cary street. The friends aid ae-
ouaintances of the family are invited to attend.
Fredericksburg and Alexandra papers please
copy. "
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

Our Wig neighbor recently smartly gra'
velled), having reached conditioned de.
lishtfu amiability, proposes that the Dis
patch, for being the latest to tell who was its
foyorite for senator, shall "gin treat" i
we may dispense with "gin agreed.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
mr. PRATTs ASTRAL oIL.

! T PRATT's ASTRAL OH.
Absolutely safe Perfectly odorlsas. Always uni
form. Illuminating qualities superior 70 gas Burns
ia any lamp withous danger OF expfod!ng OF sakins
DIRE. Manufactured expressly 70 displree the use Q
volatile and DANGEROUS oils I,ssstaty undep every
possible test and IL. perfect burning qualities, are
proved by its conthued use IN over 3e0.6so faini-
sifes. Millions Of Sn,lons havebeen sold aaa no se-
cidsnt-d directly or indirec,iynas ever oc- arred
fsesl burning, storing, or hasdlins 1t.
TIE Insurance. companies and fire corr aasaioners
throughout the, country reesnnend taS AsfhAL
as the best safeguard whes lamps are nsed. seao
COX circular.
For sale at retail by TIE Grade gsasfally, and as
wholesale by The pr0prissors, % ARIES PtATE
6 90. los Fnlion s,rsst. New York.
oc l7-ssw6mG M ~ (!
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

Colonel Withers has had twelve children,
of which ten daughters and one son are now
living. Three Of his daughters are married.
Chester. 81 .5sss., r:g
The Washington Chronicle says it was the
fathers Of families" that elected him to the
Senate.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
MARRIAGES..

Married, January 7th, 1874, at the residence OF
the brides mother. by the Rev J. T.. Ga.iick, Dir
merly OF Portsmouth, Va, to Miss MARY e
CLARKE, OF this city.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

Al leading Democratic senator made a
speech III favor Of confirming Judge HUaHEs.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

m 1 RESPECTFULLY REQUEST
ALL PERSONS having accounts with me to settle
them IN SOME MANNER during the present
month.
On the LAST DAY OF THE MONTH shall
dispose Of all OLD ACCOUNTS In such manner Us
may be considered to my interest, and SUCH names
as have to be disposed OF with trouble or loss WY
not be allowed under any circumstances TO again
appear on my books.
thank my friends for their liberal patronage OF
the past, and hope to extend further Inducements
to them by thus cutting OF constant source Of an
noyance and expense, which Will enable me 70 sell
even closer than before.
49, ANDREW PIZzINI, JR.
RICHMOND, VA, January 0. 1874 ia lo351 .
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
Nn MINlNG ENGINEERS AND 9TH.

THO MINING ENGINEERS AND 9th.
i ERS.--On sale, a PLANTATION ut North
from Charlottesville OF about eos acres. contain
ing larse quantities of magnetic iron ore. Veins
Sre now being WORKED by eminent mining engineers
ON the adjoining lands that distinctly pass through
this tract which extends to The railroad depot, and
Is IN admirable site for store and small houses for
railroad hands, miners, and others. About so
acres cleared aud in cultivation, good house with
SIX rooms all necessary out.houses. &C. Apply to
JOHN BEWLEY towner), nj the abore-named de-
not. 1a lO-6tf
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
,s.4{ ,rYfeD ,RfcHMoNDRA fLwAY.ts0MP
RICHMosD, January IL, 1874 q
NII1TARY NOTICES.

J0NpANY D SIDNEY GRAYs(H
4 tUMrAEnI - 1s74.-Assembe ut YOU'RE
~ JANUAsE.tT f jRRDAY EVENING, 1 9TH in
il a and b "nS 1 Eeed
ana equhtpIG for second lieutenant and such nom
VIII ni,u oe officers IS have neglected duty and
S.n rot been commissioned Every member is
tnral bearing on the future prosperity Of the
nany BY order Of Captain DARLINGTON.
Ia 1927 JOHN EDWARDS, O. 8.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17
1874. NJ" 10 To De 'i"A 1874,
SUBSCRIBE FOR THE YEAR 1874.

ANY MAGAZINE Or PAPER PUBLISHED
SENT TO ANY. ADDRESS 81
j. 7. ELLISOS,
EEWS-DEALER. No. l112 StAIT STREET,
RICHMOND. VA.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER
in Newspapers, Books, NacaZ!ncs. Games. sta.
tionery, School Books, Christmas Books, and all
articles required by the great reading public
GENERAL AGENT FOR THE PUBLISHERS
ANh THE PUBLIC.
The following sent by mail 10 any part nj The
country ut the following rates, which the pub
iishers' lowest prices:
DAILIES.
New York Herald. T12 New York Tribune. .sl2
New York World.... ~ New York Times. II
New York Sun. ...... 8 New York journal
Richmond Dispatch. & Of Commerce. go. 10
Richmond Wing 80. 3 Richmond Enquirer.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-01-17

slsICr.aI|l5jslOTf, 5'Ka.

i a Es2ssaS 80 EAITg81FIHI1Sss.33 3. .
-QUIlEsi ON Tsi @ J1LTsl
H0aEg. eosfB q .2 e wo.. s .a5S: ]
EtHfpeSMEYijOIB 0U7LTS &c ~ worth 49
CROCHET QUILTS at 80 SO worth "
uoLokED o 81 rs 1t H. Is, sI.5oss1s7s' "a
msssHs ;f2hi 1as e 9iuIbTs ron OBJ
For iaif q s9sgsF ae
scription call ss ~. GHaIaE OH i5c. per
Inc pest oEt Dew Afsu -.'.e..g.l9 s ia IA