, 1874-12-08

II =, lS74--,TWELvE PAC
trlos. but also by original Investigations, to add
70 TUG efficiency OF no nyste In tho latter tho
lnotion Of new natorlnls for illumination, and
Of Rrcntly-tmproved tog~nlgnas.
Wechly niaotIl1go Of thu 1}oarl. inBtond or
quarterly, III Formerly, hRyo bool, hold during
for tho discussion Of now inet!,o1a md lobo.a-
ton upon proposed improvements. d. suggested
l,v rocant SCIENTIFIC discoveries mud tho praotlccs
OF foreun ool,.,triea; and soreB OF special In
TestiHatohs hnyo boon commo..ccd, with Wow
to deternl,no how far tho changer, suggested as
posaiblo by tho lata onginoer secretary ns Tho
silt OF his recont examinations Into tho systems
IN tho abroad alluded to in tho laHl annual
port OF tho Secretary of tho TreaEury-may DO
With advantage introduced Into our own syatom,
CoABr st1lvEy.
The operations Of Tho Coant Survey within tho
present year again illustrate tho special utility of
OH tho Atlau Ito coast and on tho pnoItle, dangers
that sroH! III eMdo ordinary caro- III hydrogrnrhy
tasoarch llayo boon doyoloped mud nlnds known
to navigators Tue detA, scientific aid practical,
vioc,. and on record for future ascH nnd tho OK
perienco ri tho officers employed, a1o now
Honght by tho GoyornMont md utilor con1nlg-
BonH for dotut1lluuR questions committed 10
tHgtlls Hutt!'ef III ECEAiu u 1OllIluAIleb, mcn9-
urca for tho prcfol vasion Of hnrbors, special
structures, subject to the acton Of sitcs md cur
rons, or for icrcastg local facilities In nnviga-
ton. eoYoral routes hnEgcatcd for aa inter-
oceanic ship-canal have bce traversod BY ofEcers
Of tho Hnrvoy, md ono Of them now acss as a
menlbor OF Tho Commission for doSsing means
to Improve tho outlet Of tho A1isaissippi River.
1n tho prompt losuo Of charln with oxact de-
lnoatton Of tho ahoros, and Of tab!cB predicting
The tideB for oach day Of lilo ynnr; tho large and
Ateadi!y increasing number or points precisely
determined iu lntitutlo aud longitude; tho loyc-
op1nent of tho law of mngnetic variation for the
cntiro area Of tho Unitad States, the survey we'll
deserves tho wldo reputo which liz organization
las hitherto maintained for public usof',lness.
That not ono, oven OF tho Oldest Statas In tle
Union, han ut this day map Of {ts s.lrface auf
fcien!ly accurate for any other than purposes Of
travel, is now all Inconvenience aovcrcy felt, but
IL not matter Of roproach on regards tho states
or tho Goneral Govornmout.
kingdona8, restricted IN shnro line, and
| ecarcelv equal to oitlcr OF our StateB in area,
but. v,tll resources comparatively rast, onlsted
| thcir ableat sclcntiho mon years ago In such
work, and now bayo ruaCs adequate for geolog|.
cal s,,rvoya, for any other economical roeuiro.
| ment. Our own Government. in happy fore-
sight Of tho preDont needs provided for an OK
and Pacific coasts OF tho Unitod StateB, aud that
| work, unriynlod in precision by my othor ECO
| oetin survey, Is now far advanced. WAle
III its progress at requirements for commerce
| and navigation haro been met, mich has
! been incidentally done for tho future inter
estn OF tho interior. by connecting tho altrgeys
| Of hRrbors and tidal rivers, and proving
thosr geographical relation Erccis9iP, the hsases
OF the Uiisnn are fnrnisEed, for their ultimate
! sarvoya. with bass OF accuracy not Rttainnhlo
IN any other feasible way. 1t is evident that for
such maps as to othor nations Aavs proved ndla-
pensablo IN their industrial progresJ, onr States
must found their anni garFoys on polntH wel de-
termlned III their Iclntion to tile coaBt All
| nyni3Abio innauH thcrHfura ara f,1n for main.
tuning tho proscnt scale ami Bystem OF work III
the survey OF the coast, both IN regard to ita
mah pnrposes a'td 10 order that tho States may
nave collatcFhI aaVanfaso III commanding their
ultimate sllt'ovAt hlaa1 yaars must etapso bo.
foro the states arc nh!o to complete their final
| inRpg. but tho present need for them bas been
repeatedly brought to tho noiico VI shis Dopars-
[ mont. ...
MAniSE-1zosptTA1 SERVICE.
| Athol,g! tha rate OF so5plta! Aues was doubled
| ny tne MnrAe Hospital act Of 1bfu, the GreihEo
yearly collection vi such d1tos has net yet boom
corfesponulne'y lflcacaued, ~ compared Will the
average OF tho M tiroo years pfsesa.nE tho passage
Of that act. Ana tug. Notwithstanding there has
BOON, since tacp. an incieaso OF nbout M pt1
cent IN American tonnage, e1cluslre Of vcasels
engaged IN tlto fisheries, nud Of 3G per cent in
tho amount OF hospital rellef required.
| According to the most reliable data obtainsbln
Tor tho ascottainment OF tho proportion Of crew
to tonnage. there arc upwards OF 1b7, 5OU senMen
employed OIL American Vessels subject to hos
nltal duos' aB the actual pcf'oa OF service III
tho merchant msrtno aYeragoa about ultle naontb8
| peg annuu1, thoro should have been. inatead of
S34G,d7G, tho amount recoivod last year. an ag-
gresate OF about 95G7.oo 4 sum amply Huit-
clent to mnko tho service sest-suataln'ug..
AZ examination INTO tlie oauaos Of this de-
ncisncy loa 1s 70 tho belief tat 1t 1a largely duo
10 70 dosecis ID tho mode OF collecting the dues:
Tie statute authorizes tho niaster OF owuer or
Every vessol. subject to loep.tal duos, to retnin
cut M OF the wages OF nack Or lls crew she sum or
~ conts por mouth for each mouth Of Aer-
y'ce. Whlen sums no ie required to l,ay TO tile
Collector OF customs at certain eoecined times.
accompanied ny tue statoment or tie number
o. men and tho length OF aervico OF each man
alnce last payment ct hospital dues; aud tho
Secretary OF tho Treasury is authorized TO direct
tho preparation OF " al! noedful regulations for
sh1 mode Of col!ectlng Tho same
uddea II eo9a ~ ,s 1na! S; fIeao FeGtons - t aeoug
tho hosp,ta! dues return. IN onerous amount OF
clerical labor on massoya aud ownora, naa not
accustomed to s1a:l work; that much Of tho ivs-
formation la uHeless as for exac1plo, tho ran h
md namo .! each seamen employed, tl,9 sea
kN}I 4S F-