New-York tribune., 1874-12-22
TIE LECTURE.

Science Of AuthropOloRy Ia strangely mixed subject
compounded Of archaeology physio"ry and Psychology
and touching at almost every point on geology ami
sacred history though pursued by its many followers III
spirit both dashing and independents. As may nke
1t for granted that my auditors are wen acquainted with
whnt teaches Of the early history Of man. may
on this subject proceed at once to notice what we learn
OF It from archaeology and geology. We have already
seon that geology presents an ascending progression VI
lifc and in passinC upward In tho scale Of the
geological ages We nre l0r 'olg series Vi
these apes like travellers exploring some desert
ise where new and strange animals meet us ~
oyery step but where We SEQ no trace of man. II Is
only after the ma,aihcent elimination OF ianinaiah
life in the middle tertiary period and its decadencc on tho
approach Of tho cold OF the glacial Or ana
tho renewal of the world u tho ostglaclal or modern
period that we can look for with any hop" OF sue
cess In the later miocene una piorehe aar,' OUT
tlie mild climatic conditions OF these times they were
clothed with q uxuriant tJra. aud the nnmler' ann
wide distribution OF the higher ana Larger iorhlt o
mammalian lie greater and more complete INA
at any previous or SUBSEQUENT per'o. bn, IL ~ VIM" n
seem that man was not destined 10 appear III 'h'
agu OF tho world nobe Ia a other rejpocts. ,,.
Al the end OF the pocenc began the great age OF tc
Arctic cold. The land by gradual sno'henro b'Ga' 10
lose its fair prOportOs tue seLs becLne invaded 10y
northern Ice, SHOWS began to sctte pcrinaheht1 on @ @
nil tops, und glaciers to plOw their way toward ino
sea Ine world, utter all lis changes seemed aboul 10
fall into ram. aud ntudcs oi spcac5 o aili', .r,
pnrions OF the continents wh,cI still remained haciI
able But tins Great change WIS ohiF long W Nin,,
daring which the powslar' o. ,'o, % %s s " and ~
climate was partially irsloinh; grrat [ rnm, n
anu ei.'hs % nn"w ' =, m"r,r continent. or,aur again
more extensive than tncy are now. Laei.Ih a'i. ~,
i' ieaao' "i r, lar ,,1,e,s river lowing through
tue valley, which is No" Tue EIe,isu C";'c' 'vr,
lno streams oi ->o' ny M % urIbor INTO tne
In tn,. the glacial period OF geology the laud
at,ut
vvUrs Of thc piivccie asr, so!o VI tn,' I" an" ,erJ
TO this lnc that man! .r',,' nf man in
tO assign Tue hGst apreardpeG. VI u'" -, ~
Europe ana western Aeid ~ ,' n' ,m,.,' ~, 10
tncn contemporary with many great 'i ~ i.n'.iu, -,
now extinct or whicn nave uc,oi "s ,,,' "a
geographical range AccOrdinE 10 it",' ~ ,,'I anna, &
are Known by their remains i' nNo 'nmh",t @ ", =, @
at this time. O these, u Sl'I survive anu no Wv" Wv.
have been added except man. t" s''cp & m' "e. ann 10 "
few others wnicn may ha," come IA WIN W. man, Az
glacial niaIiphs vi r'S' l.. IL" % s ~ = y, ,, ' -
Gene, Al are new ~ sI.nU ~ , r', ~ , ,,,,x
Britain, II nave mt'ihe WHY ,', " ,rt, % ~, ,n,
extinct or are now known On, IVA ~ p pt'i % ~ ~, w.
world. ~ Monu ,nua n,, ,i Ing nrn, were rrr ,n.
now. ana "heh ~ ~ w., r,m hi, EI.nr. crTtrr
luto Which W. "'''|n, -, III. ,,i,, -. - nr,r..
with HIM thrir. ~ 49, hr "'' no, " ,ii",, " 70
reuain long und-tuIbrd. for dn"hrr gre, sinHi',rf
extinction from Irolc OF nrDy hiii' f ani"is. ami
ciosiug tue time vi wnat my "c cIii'i fddt"''im''
Inyian man, and reducing eyrnnioliy the l. Iropr'n
laid to its present proporlo AMI lntroInci"s ntw
The Ccls and T.uioIls uad o,i.r historic nations. aud
who may he named the Ncoco.nr pcnpIcs 10 I'M,
Nsoco,nic aye nelung the rtnli.- foli III The oM:ss
Iake haOiiatiUns and nc rnr! lcap.oi D.nnara.
Earopean aniiluari;s have ratet IL" n"s a.ent Of
NeoIi,h,c nnder lie IMPRESSION that the clrr lace
used ony ruIcy formed inst, urnt, Of stone. wnle the
later cnmld fashion better .foc I'M tux Annfi-
can ananr,es and many European iacts t,cn H. HAT
these Indications froli imp.cnents may lbs Yer! la,-
toward the Ommrnccncnf of the historic rr'l, '!i-
tnaginian trade EXTENDED TO- the TN deposits OF T..
weapons ana Implements Tine earlier or Pali'nc"-In'c
age has also been termed tiie Man"th a-c heca'.c
still survived anu the later stone age or the Nrocoinc
has IN earlier part AT icG rcceved the name OF the
Reindeer age. becausN OF the Ambulance oi REMAINS OF
This animal found III deposits Of the time.
As an illustration OF inc evidence oi incsH ags NAY
refer TO the caves near Lrc' ia Bc c.siiD eNp".fd ny
Schnerline Dupont, and othcr. Some OF these hav' u
lower stratum Of mud or gravel Containing bonc. on
human iaS a DU"es ts"nSns @ to large and weaoseo%
race Of inen over ms are. III s"o cases. 10 n' l9ih
Ta OF s"nst nse ss s a ire.
with whom are rfmails Indicating that Ino ahiai- OF
Europe were similar l.. tiose now mUng .nrie, rA",
were present, ,,s nil, ,,,,oro. ., .,o.. ,,o. -.
ane h tWO aI ~ nur nrsst snhcct r" r @ VI
lm nd a,r ~ t "odr races m mem
r =" " ,hs Mrs um"t'nn a. ihess ins are nr
Ws nave oniy Sco"sIcal evidence ann this resolves
v iu'0 ~, dcnos',n, ~ sraves md and ~,
formation OF stna0m cru,ts ali Of winch are ~, VAR
bio and uncertain tnSt though II may be Sl that an
ceived history has olt on the minds Of grolsis,
yet absolute antiquity has been proved anu the old
est Of these remains mny after all NOT exceed our
Traditional 6,dOo years. ln regard to A'nerira
!mOrs especially, wo may he said 10 hLyb no
good evdcnce OF any great antiquity Tor man.
With reference to the erosion OF rtrr valleys III
Western Europe It can be shown that t'ls probaby
belongs much earlier period than mat Of man. and
that old valleys filed with debris curing tho glacial
nerod could be secured out great lapse Of time.
Win reference to the growth Of hAagnltn IN
recent observations show that this may be much
rapid than has been supposed Wiin referrre I" tio
elevations and subsidehccs which have occurred,
nave 10 measure of time apply TO them. With regard
to the extinction OF animal! we know tnat the rciudtr
and the xurOchs existed IN Europe up to the time vi the
Romans and tho great Irlsn deer w to tho time OF
modern peat DOgs. Aud We nave no good evidence that
the mammoth and cave bear ana w"oy rhlioccros may
not have lived up to tue time o tue historical degC
One fact adverse to the high antiquity which has
been demanded Ia the small number OF individual skc