National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1874-04-23

Land, which prove that the hundred-fashom line
follows the coast ct . distance Of about fifteen
miles In smiths sound. Ono Of these soundings
NINETY fathoms, proved highly Interesting, con
tanning an organism Of lower type than the
Bafhybius discovered By the English dredging
expedition. II was named Profobsfhsoius robe
soati.
A number Of desp-sea temperatures were taken
with corresponding observations on the density Of
the water Following the coast OF West Green
land the limits Of the Gulf stream were ascer-
tanned. Specimens OF water from different depths
were preserved In bottles, but were unfortunately
lost.
As soon as the vessel was fairly frozen In tide
gauge was erected square hole cut In the Ice
foe, and kept open continually; the pulley And
rope were supported BY tripod OF oars A rope,
10 which . wooden scale, divided into feet and
inches, was fastened, was carried through block
attached to the tripod. One end Of the rope was
anchored at the bottom BY means Of two thirty
tUo-pound shot, and Q eounterpoise was attached
to the other end to keep the rope properly
stretched. This apparatus was tested by series
Of scalereadlngs, with corresponding soundings,
and proved to work very satisfactorily. The OBJ
servations comprise eight lunstions, the readings
being taken hourly halEhourly, aad in some in-
stances every ten minutes in order to determine
the precise moment Of the turn Of the tide.
Meteorology.--After having entered winter
quarters meteorological observations, which, upto
this time had been made three-hourly, were made
every hour, Washington time. Tho register con-
tanned observations on the temperature Of tho air.
atmospheric pressure, psychrometrical oossrva-
ton, direction and force Of wind, appearances OF
the sky state Of weather, and both solar and ter
restral radiation. Besides, all extraordinary me-
neurological phenomena were carefully noted.
For the registration OF the Temperature OF the
air mereurlaI Thermometers were used for tenn
peratures down TO $50 F.; for lower ranges spirit
instruments being compared ct intervals OF 1872
As circumstances would permit mercurial or ane-
rold barometers were used. As 1t was not sup
posed that psychrometrical observations could be
fayorably conducted OF very low temperatures,
the expedition was not supplied with the suitable
instruments. For that reason two uncolored
spirit thermometers were selected and used, the
| readings Of which agreed. As check observations,
| the dew-point was determined by means of Reg
nault's apparatus. To measure the velocity Of
the wind, Robfnson's thermometer usually served.
The distance travelled By the wind was noted
hourly ct the same Intervals Of time. The We
locity Of the wind was determined either By tho
same instrument or by means of Casella'seurreut-
meter. These observations on the winds, COM
bined with those on moisture Of the atmosphere,
will form 9 valuable contribution to physical
geography.
It was not thought essential to procure proto-
graphs Of the clouds, they do not differ in their
general character from those in more southerly
laatudes. Tie only remarkable tact 70 DC no
ticeo Is that sometimes clrri coulu DC observer ~
very low attitudes among stratus eiouuS, WHICH,
however, is not surprising II thoir moue Vi 'ofna-
uon Is taken INTO account.
oPeoial s.eentiou Has ue'o'eu ~ tno Ho 49,
oOreans' Hnron ooeItreu nequsasy, ~. 49, ~
showed brilliant coiofs, never prish. enough "
pIoouce spectlum' nenefef He.eee1H ous
observer was s.utioneu ~ tne a-u
.ne o.neI 0ut-uo0rs, 'n1 ~ Wei 's .ae NJ
uon OF the magnets, "hiie tne otnet was natoh-
ing tne changes IN tne phenomenon anu uHns
meter were set up anu tne eieotlcai oonui'.on VI
the s'noSpne,e nequen.iy .es.eu, ~ Nv .ns saus0
couIo the least amount OF eiectriciy DC ue'octea.
Inc amount VI precipitation was neasureu US
cafeiuiiy ss 'ne 'ioiens saieo n0uiu Petm't, W
means Oh q rein-sauge suppnea Win iunnei'
In Eeoruary, Is soon as the sun re-spPesteo' o.
servaeions On solar raoia1ion were coulmenoeo'
anu continued throughout inc enlre summer
Tue Instruments empioyeo were common DiacA-
oulo Thermometer, anu one >" Veeuoj ootn e4-
posed on Wnite ootten.
1ooiogy ana boeans'-the coHeolions OF nasu-
RAJ history are almost -en'ireiy LOST Win tne
eAcepuoh Of TWO smah cases containing animals,
minerals ana one package OF plants, notning
Noltn american, as inaicaiea oy the occurrence
OIL the iemming anu the musk or. Nine species
OF mammals were touno, iour Oh Wnicn sfe seais,