The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1874-06-18

it shall have, on the ground Of citizenship, removed
a suit against it from a State to a Federal court
laws to correct abuses, and prevent, by adequate
and fOrfeitures, unjust discrimination
and excessive charges by railroad companies in
freight and passengers.
s. Corporations are prohibited increasing their
in money, property, or labor.
10. Railroad companies are prohibited charg-
ing, except Tor excursion or commutanon ucAes,
to any station, more in gross than Is charged for
the same class and amount Of transportation In the
same direction to a more distant station.
ARTICLE XuL.-REvENUE AND TAXATION.
No change has been made in the general princi-
pie that all property shall be taxed uniformly, &C
cOrding TO its value in money; the mode OF ascer-
tanning such value to be determined by rules OF
ap~praisement prescribed by the General Assembly
The exempted class, with the addition Of public
libraries, remains as under the existing Consutu-
ton, dependent exclusively on the pleasure OF the
Legislature.
eral Assembly to adopt other plans Of taxation,
the mode and time for the Inauguration Of the
same being left to their discretion. The prn-
cipal features Of the proposed new systems are
embodied in section five. By virtue OF this clause,
the General Assembly may impose taxes BY n
and incomes derived from investments. where The
principal from which the income is derived eannot
be taxed. In anticipation OF the future needs OF
the State, and with the intent, If practicable, to
prevent a too great increase in the weight Of tax
alton on the property OF our people, II Is thought
to be good policy to open up other sources OF
revenue, based on business employment, and pro-
fessional callings, and from investments Of capi-
tai outside OF the State or in securities which es-
cape their share OF the general burden. This
many Of the older commercial States, and has
contributed a large item in their annual revenues.
Banks and bankers are to be taxed on capital
employed and on business done, under such equi-
table rules as may be prescribed by the General
Assembly, so that they may share equally with
others in the burdens of taxation.
A provision is inserted in this Article (Sec. y for
the protection of the wool interest OF the State
from the ravages Of dogs, and for securing, BY
special taxes or assessments on those animals, a
fund out of which TO compensate for annual losses
from destruction OF sheep.
ARTICLE XIV.-LEGIsLATIvE APPoRTIOHAENT AND
REPRESENTATION
The general principle of o decennial and self
adjusting apportiOnmentf for the election Of Sen
atOrs and Representatives, after each Federal cen
sus, is preserved; but the divisor for the ratio OF
representaion is increased in the Senate 10 thirty
seven, and in the House Of Representatives to one
hundred and five, which, subject TO variations
occasioned by fractional ratios, viii therefore
constitute the number Of members Of the re-
spectiye houses. A new appOrtiOnment OF the
State into Senatorial and Representative districts
for the current decade is also submtted IN this
Article, which we believe to be fair to each pohu-
cal party in the State, and as nearly so to each
About half Of the Convention favored the
division of all the large counties into single SEN
atorial and Representative districts, conforming TO
the single districts of the rest OF the State. After
much discussion, a substitute for that proposition
e @T y b16th pooiiifiicSS parties, giving the minor
tiles Of those localities representation by applying
the cumulative method Of suffrage in the election
Of Senators and Representatives in all counties
where more than two are to be chosen. This pro
vision is general and permanent in Its intention
and scope. At present II only AFFECTS HamlI5on
and Cuyahoga counties, but from 1876 to 1880 II
will apply to Franklin and Montgomery, which
will each choose three Representatives. and after
the next apportionment it will apply to Hamilton,
Cuyahoga, Franklin, Montgomery, Lucas, Bel
mont, Butler, Columbiana, Stark, and probably
other Of the large and rapidly-groWing counties.
By this method of suffrage, each electOr casts IS
many votes for Senators or Representatives as
there are officers Of that class to be chose. in his
county or district, and may give them all 70 one
1 NAV aaa Ar For instance CuyahOQa county, elects
five representatives and a voter there may cast
i've votes for one candidate, or two votes for one
and three for another; or may otherwise dlstr1Dute
his votes, or equal parts thereof, among any num-
Der of candidates from one to i've. Thus, one
fifth OF the voters having the name OF only one
candidate on their ticket can elect him; two-hfths
having the name of but two candidates on ther
ticket can elect them; and three-hfths, uniting on
three candidates, can elect them. In short, by
this method OF suffrage, each OF the ponucal. par
ranks as much as one-hfih OF the electors can Sc
cure representation in the House OF represents
with the election of the four Senators and ten Rep
resentatiVes in Hamilton county; the three Repro
sentatves in Franklin and Montgomery and me
Representatives and Senators IN the several 9tner
counties which from time TO time viii come within
the operation Of this section.
The friends Of minority representation N me
Convention generally preferred this cumulative
method Of suffrage in electing Senators and Repre-
sentatiyes, and the restricted method In eleclng
| Judges. The reason for the distinction was, that
by the cumulative method each politics party,
however small, which comprises in its ranks q
ratio for one Senator or Representative, can elect
one; and il is proper and expedlent that ii should
have that voice in the representative assembly Of
the State. But it was not thought expedlent to
put it in the power OF a small party or facten,
combining on some special interest or theory, 20
choose one of the Judges Of the highest courts
Therefore the restricted vote was adopted as TO the
election Of Judges, by which over forty per cent
of the votes are required to elect one out OF three,
and thirty-seven per cent. TO elect one out OF nVe-
ARTICLE xv.-JUDIcIAL APPoRTIoNAENT.
The Judicial apportionmenti is temporary In Us
character, being subject TO alteration at the VIII
Of the General Assembly; and Is designed 70
make such grouping Of counties and dlstr11nIon
Of judicial force as will be fair 10 the PontlcAl
parties, disturb as little as pracncaole e1lsung
business relations, and insure dispatch In the
transaction OF the public business.
ARTICLE
The fourth section provides in effect that women
may be appointed to any, except an elective once.
officers therein specified; and section ten TO secure
the lives, health and safety OF persons engaged
in mining, as being peculiarly exposed 70 dangers
which the State should guard against
ARTICLE xvu-AMENDMENTs.
This Article proposes to abolish that provision
the Assembling of a Constitutional Convention
every twenty years. The expedtency OF noldine
/ such Convention in future is thus left TO the dis
erection Of the General Assembly. It is further
provided that the Legislature may either propose
amendment or call a Convention, by a vote OF
| three-hfths Of its members instead OF tWothlfos
as now required
l The Schedule provides that the Constitution, Il
adopted, shall take effect on the hrst day OF Octo,
D Der next. The entire system Of courts OF genera
jurisdiction having Deen rSmOuelous II was GOSM.
proper TO inaugurate the Few system by elecume
all The Judges Of these several courts at the same
time. Hence il is provided that the hrst elecuoL
for Judges Of the Supreme, Circuit and Common
: Pleas Courts shall be held on the second Tuesday
! of October next, that being the day fixed by exist
! ing law for the election OF members OF the mex
Congress.
The Constitution is framed with a view to bien
, NAL elections. AS the elections for mepoers o.
Congress, as fixed by Federal authority, W., aItel
: this year, be held ON the Tuesday succeeding th'
first Monday in November in every year OF eNe4
. number, il became necessary, In order 70 ayolt
! annual general elections, or two general elecuoni
q county elections on the same day and year. Thh
is done, and will be carried into effect at and ate
= the election in the year 1870. As the elecnon II
ed merely to I'LL the Offices that viii become Yacan
I till the general election in 1876, 1t Is properly oes
! ignated q " special election" (Sec. 81
. The Jurisdiction of the Probate Court remAihi
unchanged; and as il has no necessary connecuoI
q with the other courts, the term OF the Judges nov
I in Office Is extended to January, 1877. Ther sue
= cessOrs will be elected in November, 1876 -,