The New York herald., 1874-08-30


families making together crowd OF nearly $4,000
persons. They were remarkably orderly, clean,
sober and well dressed. All OF them wore badges
and dark blue rosettes. Two lodges appeared,
headed by German bands" 'requisitoned'
from The street, because all the available English
talent had already been exhausted. These ialr-
haired boys, fresh nom the Fatherland and clad
in rusty velveteen with faded tinsei bands on their
greasy caps marched as merrily along as II
they had been leading q Turnvereln in
the streets OF New York. Tney were
suddenly called on to halt at drapers
store, while an enthusiastic miner distributed
blue rosettes among them, which were soon
pinned to their Jackets Perhaps 1t was as a
tribute to the genius OF international amity"
that these German boys SO persistently kept play
ing airs all day long from the opera OF French
composer-the madame Angotr OF Nj. Lecocq
SPEECH BY MACDONALD.
The rendezvous of this vast concourse OF people
was the trace track, large area of beautiful green
sward by the banks OF the River Wear, and almost
underneath the shadow OF the great rock whose
summit Is crowned by the massive buildings OF the
gray old citadel and the venerable Cathedral OF
Durham. At noon the crowds were addressed
from Two platforms by the more prominent Of
the leaders, Macdonald whose Parliamentary
career has been subjected to much angry
he had pursued since hts return for North Staf-
ford Afterwards he earnestly directed the miners
80 the advantages to be derived from cO-opera-
tion. He said that the highest point they had to
attain was that or cooperation. Union was
good; arbitration and conclllation flowed from
union; but cooperation was the Sunlnlunt bOnunt
to be gained by working men. tCheers And
why? Because they were then the capitalist. They
could not quarrel with themselves. They would
be their own employers; they would have their
own colieries, ana, that being so, there could be
no more cause Tor contention. The cause Of lower
wages would disappear, and why? (He knew he
was travelling on debatable ground, but he had
ever held this opiniOn.) The Lancashire manulac-
turer, when he could no longer spin and weave
cotton with profit, did go on spinning and
weaving, throwing away money on that which
would yield no benefit but he stopped his work
Until ne could get price he thought sufficient Or
his capital; but II the miners were owners OF their
own collieries they could stop One two or three
days II necessity required 1t, always maintaining
fair return Tor their money and taking care that
their interests would not injure the interests Of
the entire community. Thus, he conrenaed, was
cooperation the highest phase OF life Tor working
men. and he trusted that he would see by next
year the Durham men. not putting fl5,OOO, but
100000, aye, 100000 If they could, into cooper.
ative colieries. tCheers)
must not omit to mention right here that al
ready one colliery has been purchased IN York
shire.
BRApLAUGH on LABOR
The speech OF the day was made by Bradaugh,
whose political opinions seem precisely those of
the miners He said that they had been told of
the advantages or union and the advantages
ol cooperation. 1t was his duty to submit to
them another view OF unonism and another view
OF cooperation. He was speaking to men the bulk
OF whom nad to obey the laws and had no voice In
expressing any opinion as to what those laws
should be-either directly or ind rectly. The men
who submitted 10 legislation which they could not
effectively discuss were dead men to The State to
which they belonged. (Applause,) They might
be profit winners Tor Others they never could ef
ciently snare that profit for themselves. Poti-
cally they dead men. There another
view OF the wage question. The amount of wage
was measured by what that wage would bring.
II the taxation were heavy, If the taxation were
unfairly distributed, then their wage was much
reduced as though forty or fifty per cent were
boldly taken away from them During the last
thirty years while wealth had been growng-the
result OF their labOr-the result Of their energy
the taxTlakeys had levied taxes upon the very
labor which ought instead to have fallen upon
their lands. (Applause) During the last sixty
years the landowners OF England had in
creased their rents seventy millions per
nun. Why should not rents reduce well
as wages, (Applause) If there was a fall in com
merce, If there was need Tor giving and taking,
why should all the giving be one side ana all
the taking on the othery Appause.) II 1t were
iair that labor should exact less time OF need it
was fair the land should make some concession.
(Cheers) Men without political life were like
sticks noatng on the stream. driven by the cur
a,ly ltxrtv,
their part in the struggles OF their country.
(Cheers.) They had been told tnat trade needed
some reduction. II trade required some reduc-
tion, why did the royal amiy grow richer and
richer every year in their accumulations Was
not even Queen Victoria the servant OF the people?
Why did they never hear OF a reduction OF her
nual wage In times when the country was yaboring
under severe depressionS There were i. 600 900
OF acres Of iand in England, Ireland, scotland and
Wales, which ought TO grow food and did not.
why should those people who were viii
ing and wanted to till the soil require
to go to New Zealand, Queensland and
to climates which they did not understand Last
year he was In a land that he hoped IN a few weeks
TO visit again. There no barriers existed as was
the case here; and why, he would ask should not
a man from their own body climb INTO Ministries
Why should the Granvllles, and Hartngtons, and
and Clintons have a monopoly OF the
OF the country (Cheers.) But the
struggle OF this country was to he land struggle.
to the rights oil property, lie argued that
the man holding land had no right in 1t the
ment mis- right connicted with the rights and hap
piness of those around him. They had no right
when 1t drove people away to Canada TO be frozen
TO death, or New Zealand and other places. He
was not against aristocracy, but ne would have
an arlstocracy OF BRAIN OF endeavor, OF courage,
and not tinselled gingerbread arisiocracy-
(cneers)--ke the Duke OF Newcastle. who lived in
deDt in Cumber Castle, or Earl Marlborough, Tor
whom a G2O reward offered when he ran away
alter the races. Great laughter.l
Mr.. Brddiaugh further complained that while all
the subjects OF the realm could, by payment oi one
shilling, Inspect the Will OF a deceased citizen, a
most nquitous law had exempted the sovereign
from IL proVisDns WHY snOud the SOVEREIGN be