, 1874-03-14
ton. Tint u absolutoly necessary to certain
olReaoa OF beings llero on this Garth.
rtfn rr, iNrr %etru

that whom tho summer waa In progreHa tho
polar regions soou,ed smaller than ID wintor,
Tint wAs tho first thing tosllow tlsnt tho planet
WINS liho our earth. Our snowy rogions do not
covor more than tho arctic regions, and they
oGc,py about the aamo proportions aa those Of
Mars hurfaec. sinco tlie polar SHOWS do not
oxtond furthor therefore tue Bano sort Of cli-
mate It seemed probable prevailed there. Otllor
features corresponding. to tho ldaa Of o4nhabi-
tantd OF Mars were noticed. Some PORTIONS have
a greonlHh luo, aH though there wero oceats.
Tic planets conelucntst or what wo cali conti-
ncnts, woro ruddy and whtto surfaces son1o-
times uoornet to form over these continents or
oooana' ai1d TO mott away during tho day, ns II
| clouds woro boing dlaBpated by tho action Of tho
| sun.
plyEns1TY nETwEEN MARS AND TIE EARTH.
Tho theory iu relation to Mars was that 1t was
disc or .globo covered with ],oar frost, and
having other roauliarlties differont from ours.
THAT theory seemed to mo 10 inconsistent that
put forward nlysolf, Or ut lonss Indoptel. tho
theory tint Mars is globe like our earth whoro
al similar processes tako p1aco-rain, wind,
storm. clouds, rivors, being produced, denrda-
tion taking place-overything seemed 10 much
like the earth. But then ean1o thIs annoyinF %
theory tut " would ppt hIn1s altogethar out of
only covered ct night bx hoar frost, aud tat
instoad Of iIio It. aotormincd to destroy u Il That
nos'oms theory, and began IN essay to destroy
Il; toorl 1at H. found aa wont along th4t tho o
in its stead, and finished tint essay by adyo-
oating tue theory that intended to destroy, I
found there Has worry good reason indeed to be-
loye that Mars is in condition quite unlike our
earth; that 1t 1as very rare atmosphere, that
1T has an atmosphere bearing tho aalno relation
to TINT Of this globe thnt Tho ocouns Of Mars
s!'l ita continents boar to ot,rs. The oceans III
hlars are sery much smaller proportionatoly tlnn
no, Pacific tLero. 1n fact there Ia NO
Atlantic. You have only ooeanB coulnpratiYely
small /; tho lands md Eeaa are intcrmixed,
You tako tho oaae Of cur own earth. Tho two
Ameteaa an, G1;so fern, ss single leland Europe Asia,
hayo tho oceans around those ielanls. Therc Ia
| nothing Of that in Mars. You ean travel from
any one part Of Mars to another. You need not
leave tl'o sea Or land, according to your taste, it
you are an inllabitant Of Mars. And then there
IN tho small gravity Of the rlanot. II the grayf-
ity Of our own earth wero suddenly changed to
to tho gravity in Mars, pound weight would bo
reduced from sixteen to Six ounces, and tue air
would be reduced In the Rame proportion.
THE pEA1oD OF ROTATION or MARI.
It Ind boon shown by certain German astrono-
mer that the period Of rotation of Mars was al
hours, o7 N minutes mud 23z4 seconds, or there
koiser. improved on that, aud ho made tho Pc
Rod Of rotation 81 hours, 81 minutou, and % Clio
seconds. We'll, thou, MI English student of u.s.
trnnomy, ono who does not venture to cali him.
Proctor, thought he would try his hand landau at ills Ills
probloul. [App1ause.1 And, to his great dis
tross, he found that hlB result WAS greater than
tho Qorman's by q whole tenth Of q aecoud-
that i should be "a hours, 81 minutes,
md ~ 7-10 Of q second: KoBor thought it necea-
Rnry to 60 over Ills work ind publish paper on
the aubjeot-ho died only year ago. From his
paper found lle Beetned to 1nRko out Ills caAe
yory accurately indeed. Thcro was wonderful
but found, strangely enough, two MISTAKES
Ue called tho yeara I7O0 aud 1900 leap wears.
whereas no know that In the Gregorian oniondar
they arc not leap years, and TINT made all tho
found my theory Of tho planet was correct, and
tho actual time II turnod dAround in was q hours,
81 minutes, and ~ 7-1Q ancntnla. Il may soom
" you unnecessary to be 90 oxact. But thorv ie
aush information ~ that.
1t Inns beon found that our oarth iB rotating
moro 9nd more slowly as centuries go ly. Tho
moon hits tho tidai wave tho tidal wavo acts Us
z brake, as It travels in direction contrary to
TINT on which the Garth travels, and slowly in
decd our earth il loslnng itB speed. We cannot
measure TINT change ny an ordinary clock, boz
oauae our clocks aro aot by tho rotation Of the
carth. Mo timo our clocks to tho transit Of tho
TINT except by having some true clock ? Here
III hlafst tA's small planet, pocket-chronomcter,
and We can nave that chronomoters time, and
80 soon aa VIC haTe nor tlme wo can compare
With tnn of Gwn eassa e2oh Thcre ss
there u this also, TINT the planet has nothing to
disturb its rotation Ihe sun il SO far away that
tle solar tlaos 10 NOT aneot It It Aas no moon.
ana the oceans are not suited to the formation Of
tldal waYo; therefore tne change Of tho planets
rotation would he nslgui1lcant. THO planet is
suitable clock ior getting Ut oT oasshs rotation.
THE ASTEROIDS AND TIE GIANT PLANETS
MI now pass IRON these p'anots to the asteroids.
There are now known l3i OF these minor planets.
Ihero u o theory IN tue books TINT tho astcrots
are produced by tho ouratng Of planets. That
il not correct Observations on tue orbit which
would result rem sloh catastrophe completely
de!nolisla that theory.
Considering tho giant planets, 70 which noxt
nass, We shall feel that tpoy may be quite unlike
this Garth on Which VIC 1--we. Consider tho cnor-
mouH size OF Jupiter. We aro accustomed to
aonsldor him larger than cur earth, but it isn't
merely that he is ], 230 Hmea iArHor. Hero is
difference altogether too great to be regarded as
9 !dfforenco Of degree; it Is dinoronco Of kiud.
Our concept!ons of them arc necessarily differ
ent. We should oxnaot it would be different
kind Of body from that OIL which wo 1.-Two, and VIC
1lnd coar evidence OF that a. wo consider him.
II the atmosphere Of Jupiter woro only 100
miles deep, tho pressure at tue bottom would bo