The New York herald., 1874-11-01

! cause one was always smoking like not water and
one was very cold. There are at Boonarbashi two
fountains, says Nicolardes, which have the pecu-
MarIty OF smoking IN the cold weather and seeming
very cold in the hot Homer says that these were
employed by the Trojan women for washi1g.
They are still 30 used by the women OF Bs.0nar-
bashi.
IL is evident that Schleimann nnds what ne
wants to find and bends his reasonA topography
i ana all to suit his findings. II he had found any
thing by his digging on Boonarbashi he would have
recognized Troy there but as the site, being the
true Homerlc Troy, had probably been excavated
and re-excavated thousands OF years ago, he found
nothing while At Hissarlik being comparatively
new site, never having been suspected OF being
that OF the old Troy, he found ruin and treasures
(Which have really great value arcn9ologically
though not the value he finds in them) and there
fore he adapts oil the other facts to make this
seem to be the Homeric city.
Now, promising that we are talking OF the To-
cality which Homer whoever he was, and with
out prejudicing the question OF the personal
source, whether individual or accumulative, OF the
''Iliad@ recognized a Troy, and which agreed with
the traditions current in his day, the arguments
against Hissarlik are these-nrst, 1t does not
agree with the military movements Of the 'Iliad";
second 1t necessltates the placing OF the Greek
neet on the sh0re at SigRcum which Is lmpossl-
ble as it Is unprotected, and not nat carrageabe
country. as Homer describes 1t, by which chariot
could readily pass from the camp to the city;
third, II has no Pergamus, or MIL on the hill of
the general CITY, as Troy had and as Boonarbashi
has; fourth 1t was known even among the
ancents as the New Troy, term which would
not have been applied to reconstruction OF the
old city, but which by the ancient usage distinctly
recognizes change or site, and, fifth, II we can
attach any archaeological value to DR.. Schlei-
mann's report the fact that below what he con-
scers Priain's Troy he found ruins showing an
earlier and higher civilization, which Is opposed to
all the anaogies derived from other excavations
and discoveries all the East over. Schleimann Ia
1ond OF quoting Homer for the details OF his nnd.
lie ought not to object counter arguments OF
the same kind, and when he assures that he
found no objects OF Hellenic provenance IN the
Pramic deposit am tmpelled to reply that this Is
an argument against HIM, for Homer always
describes his Trojan ornaments, &c, In
Hellenic terms. and tells US specifically that
Pram brought out Of his treasure, as gifts
for Achilles, among other things tripods, which
were brought by him from Thrace, and were OBJ
jects in universal religious all the part OF
the world known to the Greeks ana nothing OF this
kind mas been found by hiI. Moreover, from the
very cause OF the Trojan war, we learn that the
Trojans had been In relation with the Greeks, and
If Troy was what Homer describes it, it was i'm
possible that Greek arts should not have been in
use there
But, unfortunately DR.. Schleimann has so slight
archaeological knowledge that we cannot attach
any value to his Characterization. and we cannot
even be assured Of what he describes as the iacr
and which, ii so, would be the most significant
adduced by him, that the ruins he considers
Homeric have been built over city much more
advanced civilization. One hn
spot and examine the stones and the character OF
the structure before one can accept his assertions
as To the work which he has found; but n this
were true it would point to what conjecture to
be the facts OF the case, that his town was the
construction OF barDaric Medan invasion OF the
Troad, subsequent to the earliest Hellenic innu-
ence and that this was succeeded by late Hellenic
reconquest, which built on the ruins Of the bar
baric city, that known as nium Novum. The
character OF the earthenware objects iound, the
degree of art shown in the gold work accord
entirely with such supposition, which would
also account for the absence Of all Hellenic innu-
ence IN the articles found. Scheimann has not
even the elements OF o scientific education; he Is
credulous, enthusiastic, nnscientifc in his way OF
looking at things, sees what he wants to see and
proves what he wants to prOve-his personal
judgments are not worth the weighing. and it is
only by examination OF the remains dug up that
one say il they have archaeological position or
not, for the photographs are mostly quite worth
less. and none have the value photograph ought
to have.
Mr.. Newton OF the British Museum, who Is,
believe, the highest living authority with reference
to such things is quite at loss whether to refer the
articles dug up by Schlemann to an incipient or
decaying civilization. They have no analogy to any.
thing known except to certain barbara forms
which recur more or less approximately In
many forms OF ancient art They may
be pre-HeeDtc or they may be the CORE.
spending stage OF some temporarily intru-
sive civilization long postertor chronoogically but
anterior in technical point of views probability
which is Immensely increased by the presence OF
the nint implements which in many parts OF the
ancient world survived the stone age and which,
among other places, are found on the surface OF
the mound raised to the Athenian dead OF Mara
thon. 1t must have constantly REQUIRED during
the conflict OF races, OF which the history OF the
East is made, that barbarous nations or civilized
ones with barbarous allies, accustomed only to
their primitive weapons and implements should
obtrude themselves into the growth OF civiliza.
ton and leave signs Of their presence which no
historical record We now possess can explain.
Leaving out any hypothesis or the Identity Of
the ruins OF Hissarik with any given place, the
order of It's history from the remains found would
seem TO be something like thls:-Subsequent to
the Hellenic immigration after that event or series
OF events typifed by the siege OF Troy-possibly,
aso accurately accounted by this story In gen.
eral terms, but OF this one can ever speak den-
nitely-there must have been Hellenic coloniza-
ticn, whose indications are in that stratum OF ruin
which lies undermost. If Schlemann had not
thought ne had found all that was worth finding
he might have found there what is OF much greater
archaeological value than his gold and silver YES.
sells. That epoch was followed BY an Asatic con-
quest. possibly Medlan, which brought In ruder
arts and extermlnated the Hellenic race
and arts together. The use OF unburned
brick in these buildings points very strongly to
q connection with Assyria and confirms the idea I
have expressed while the door sills OF hewn stone
show considerable advance in building. This
race was conquered in turn by barbarous race