The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1874-04-24
Uur Common Schools.
Editor True Northerner:
TUSrITIA.

Editor True Northerner
Only as many certificates are granted as we
have schools in the comfy, so that we are
obliged to pay the price to get teacher at all.
j. Kelley.
- nder the present system ring is formed
controlling the wages to be pad, the number Of
days for month, and the number Of cert ficates
qrdnted."-J. j. Woodman.
In the Michigan School Report for 1870 Mr..
Cleveland in his report to the state cupt. says /:
g The whole number OF schools and depart
ments in the county is 166, requiring about 10
teachers to conduct them. have issued certid-
Gates s of the first grade, 80 of the second, and
325 OF the third" First grade certificates are
good for two years, second grade, one year,
and third grade, six months. OF the first and
second grade then there were enough to supply
107 departments leaving 63 to be supplied from
the third grade. It takes two OF these to sup
ply each department for year, or 126 for 60.
This leaves 1919 certificates good for SIX months
more than were necessary, or an average of
100 teachers UNEMPLOYED throughout the year
and this is without considering the first grade
certificates issued the year before and In force
this year. or the Normal School and State GER
tificates, of which there are probably dozen
department has school through the whole year,
which is not the case with many OF the newly
formed districts in the more recently settled
portions Of the county. OF course it Will not
do to say that those 100 teachers did not teach
at all during the year That would be the
Kelley and Woodman method which s applica-
bic only in Grange Discussions" and will not
do here. The real number OF different teach
ers employed. as shown in the same report. was
much greater than the 233 that have shown
to be necessary. The most Of the male teach
ers do not teach during the summer months,
since they can make more at farming and the
trades, and their places are filed by females
But these figures do show that the 432 certif.
Gates actually granted IN 1870 were enough to
have furnished 100 more departments than
there were in the county with teachers for the
year. II 1t should be said that some teachers
may have received third grade certificate
early in the year and a second grade later anc
so have been counted twice. answer that the
first grade, Normal, and State certificates be
fore mentioned. together with all the second
grade certificates granted during the last hal
Of 1869 and good during the first half OF 1870
will be amply sufficient to belance any deduc
ton that should be made for that reason.
In the School Report for 1871 we have Mr.
Kel logg's report forlthe first SIX months onl,
of his term. He came into office on the tirs
OF May, and consequently after the spring ex
aminations we're over. let during the summe
we find him granting 1873 certificates. We hav
no report Of the number OF certificates issue
from the time that Mr.. Cleveland made his re
port in the fall Of 1870 to the first Of May. II
That the number was unusually large all know
who know anything about it. remember YER
distinctly Mr. Kellogg's stating in convention
that summer that on examination OF the file h
found that there were over 900 living certificate
in the hands Of the teachers when he came in
TO Office.
In the Report for 1872. Mr.. Kellogg state
that heha during the year licensed 400 person.
to teach in this county. The number OF de