The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-05-14
,.er,c. nom Richncnd Man LEI
Arizona.
rCorrrspondence or tho Richmond D'spaachl
C.sr GRANT, ARIZONA TERRITORY

CANT GRANT, ARIZONA TEnRIToEY,
April 10, 1874.
Having been frequently requested to write
.or,c account of the wild tribes Of this Ter
ritory, / hope the following brief ana de-
snltory sketch may prove Of interest to your
readers. =, 80,
as "triendly" and hostile" The former
are the Pimos, Maricopas, Papagos, ana
Yunas. The Pimos and Maricopas occupy
a fertile tract on the Gila river, one hundred
and eighty miles from its junction with ine
Colorado. They live in villages and cultl-
waite the arts of peace. The Pimos and
Anachcs wage hereditary and fierce war, Id
which the former are generally the Ylctors'
The papagos resemble but arc Inferior 10
the Pimos. The Yumas, the remains OF a
once Doyertul tribe, live on the Colorado
river near the CHA. They are quiet, and
sufficiently agricultural to subsist.
The hostile Indians embrace the several
divisions OF the Apaches-the Chracahu1s,
the siojavcs, Pinals, Sierra B!ancos, and the
Toutos-and are tribes Of fatal memory for
all Arizona and Mexico. All Of them have
their homes north of the Gi!a, except the
Chiracahuis, who occupy the southwest pol.
ton of the territory. These Arabs OF tne
American continent have no fixed rcslucn, ,s
no common society, no positive anteceocni1ss
and are best compared to the prairie "o'i
sneak;no cowardly, revengcful, qu'ck u . 40,
sossin,,e the weak and to fly from or yleiu
~ ,be strong, In small parties, ana Dy u,i-
eerent mountain passes, they descent liito
80. s,,rnrise and attack train OIL tra'ei-
lar. or a town, massacre the men, aiu e"iI
ntr the women, with SUCH Dooly as ,het :an
hn.,;Iv seize, TO their haunts on tne ulia.
J.nIrr no good treatment does the Apacue
,isid his barbariSm, his periidy,, or Ills afro
;itr. and respects no authority Dut power
they know DO alternative but 10 steai ol
starye-and must be fed by the Government
or starve.
would be still but for the presence OF troops
strong and ..kilful enough to check them.
For wears the United States Government mas
been waging war against these lrloes pu'
i, has placed incompetent officers 10 coni-
Dand, or failed 10 furnish them WIN SUN
cient troops. In 1853 the gallant Il. ,. Emei''
then captain in the First dragoouS, allel
r,I u handled with distinguished ability the
fnr,e nnd.r his command, which was too
small. however, to make e decisive CALI
paign. co, c.o-ra
rrnnl; with the Tweaty-third infantry and
Eifth cavalry. WAS ordered to this depart
mnnt and bis long experience and intimate
knowledge OF the Indian character, their
habits and mode Of warfare, enabled him to
inauy,lrate a series of successful campaigns
against them. Recognizing the fact that
they must be fought after their own fashion,
1 fi,t ho inc M
man could devise means to reach any points
they could, he has successfully followed
then, TO their mountain recesses, caves, and
them, or followed them so energcticaly as
TO starve them into submission. He formed
allies of the friendly Indians and the disaf-
fectcd in their own tribes, and these have
rendered valuable aid US guides and scouts.
The amount of physical suffering and prl-
yation endured by the troops IN these cam
paignS has been very great; frequently having
to crawl on all.fOurs for long distances
through laya-beds, caves, or along rugged
and preCipitous canyons, exposed 10 Tie chill
ing mountain blasts OF winter, and the torrld,
few er-eDgendering SUBS of the summer. Inc
authorities have designated large tracts OF
country as reserves for these tribes, ana the
aim is 10 keep them thcreon--by kind means
if possible, by force if necessary. At the
close OF last year general peace had been
established, more than thousand OF the
poor creatures having been sent to their
happy hunting-groundS.
The MojayeS, Tontos, and Sierra Blancos
had been whipped into peace, and remained
quietly On their reservations. The Finals
had surrendered and been assigned to tine
section Of country OH the ella and Sun Carlos
rivers, and the ChiracahuiS had formed q
treaty with General Howard--a treaty they
continue to keep, 80 far rs AriZono IS con-
but make frequent raids into Sonora,
which is likely to cause trouble between the
United States and Mexican Governments.
\ full ration for each man, woman, and CHILD
on the reservations is furnished these IN
dams. which is more than sufficient, alter
dedllcring a liberal percentage for stealaSe
BIZ those entrusted with the disbursement,
which. | am disposed to think, has been
greatly exaggerated, so far rs this depart,
ncnt is concerned, due either to the good
character of the agents or the close sur'ell'
lance of the military. or both.
In addition to supplies Of food, clothing,
and blankets, quantities OF agricultural I'M
elements, horses, and cattle have been
issued, and commendabe effort eXerted 10
instruct them in the arts Of peace and clVlll-
cation. But these savages respect no treaty
longer than suits their Whllns; ana on Inc
3lst of January last, without any apparent
cause. the entire Pinal tribe, numbering
over athousand, left their reservation IN the
night and started on the War-path. lheir
first hostile act was to attack wagon Train,
kill two teamsters, rob the wagon, and run
rNrnpppnp6 q
ranch and killed two men, woman and TWO
MISUNDERSTANDING, stealing, and running OIL
Stocly in their path. Troops were immedi-
otelv ordered in pursuit from the different
no,fs. and already third of them have been
killed or captured and the rest demoraliZed.
Quite a conflict exists between the military
and the peace-policy and Indian rings; but
snace will not permit me to discuss the
merits of the question, which my sympathies
for these poor creatures would prevent me
from doing in fair and impartial manner, l
fear. These Indians have vague
BELIEF IN ONE GOD,
but have no religion. They are very super
stitious, and great believers in witchcraft,
and think the spirit leaves the body at death
and escapes through the mouth, and that
when man is hung, the spirit being unable
to escape, perishes with the body. They
rarely attack at night, having childish fear
of the dark, and entertain the opinion that
if killed at night their spirit will not be able
to find the happy hunting. grounds, and con-
linues forever to roam in search of them.
Travellers have avaled themselves Of this
fact in times of hostility to make journeys
through sections which they dare not at
tempt in the day. Last summer two squaws
on the San Carlos reservation were accused