Northern Ohio journal. [volume] (Painesville, Ohio) 1872-1896, 1874-03-14

so tnat the now or pressure OF Tile Htllu
in the pipes may be lessened or increas-
ed at will. The invention, it is thoughG,
will be very useful in its application to
Holly water-works and variety of
purposes. 1t has been patented in sew
eral countries of Europe as well as the
United States.
Mr.. Easement has also recently pat
ented an improved steam boiler and To-
comotive.
HINTS ON GARDENING.
The past week has not been altogether
favorable Tor garden work, though We
saw one lady fixing up her flower beds,
and heard robins whistling to keep
themselves warm.
Now, when warm weather comes, we
may hope it will continue without any
severe backsets, and those who have
gardens and want early vegetables
should loose no time in planting the
hardy kinds. Peas, potatoes and par
snips are the first and most important to
be put in the ground. Lettuce, also, if
not sown last fall should be sown now,
and onion sets planted, as mentioned
in last weeks paper. Onion seed anb
that of beets, carrots and satisfy, may be
delayed while longer. Asparagus and
rhubarb beds should have the rubbish
cleared off and dressing of old manure
forked into the surface, unless cover
Sf fall Il,
which case rake off the litter or coarse
manure and fork up the surface.
FOR THE FLOWER GARDEN.
That excellent magazine, The Garden
er's Monthly, gives the following hints
for March:
Only the hardy ANIMALS must be sown
i'm March; those which are tender must
be reserved until the soil and weather
is settled warm. We need not give
list of these, as every scotsman has now
these particulars on every package he
sends out.
If flowers have been growing in the
ground for many years, new soil does
wonders. Rich manure makes plants
grow, but they do not always flower
well with vigorous growth. If new soil
cannot be had, a wheelbarrOw of ma
nure to about every fifty square feet will
be enough. If the garden earth looks
grey or yellow, rotten leaves-quite rot
ten leaves-will improve it. Ii heavy.
add sand. If very sandy, add salt
very black or rich from previous years
manurings, use little lime. about pint
Stacked to fifty square feet.
Prune shrubs, roses and vines. Those
which flower from young wood, cut in
severely to make new growth vigorous.
Tea, China, Bourbon and Noisette roses
are of this class. What are called an
nual Towering roses, as Prairie Queen
and so on, requires lots of last years
wood to make good show of flowers.
Hence, with these, thin out weak wood,
and leave all the stronger.
1t is sufficient to dig garden soil only
when the garden is warm and dry. Do
not be in hurry, or you may get behind.
When clot of earth will crush to pow
der when you tread on it, it is time to
dig--not before.
If perennial plants have stood three
years in one place, seperate the stools,
replacing one-third, and give the bal
ance to your neighbor who has none.
CULTIvATING AND MANURING ORCHARDS.
Many of the older class OF orchards in
this Lake Shore region are becoming
unfruitful, or produce but little good
fruit, in consequence of the want of
culture, or of fertility in the soil. Ma
nuring with ashes or lime or barn-yard
manure and ploughing, not too deeply,
and keeping the surface stirred with the
harrow so as to kill the grass and weeds
would give such trees a new and healthy
growth and restore fruitfulness, espe-
cially if good number of hogs are KEPT
in the orchard to devour fallen fruit and
worms during the summer.
Many persons make great mistake il
supposing they can renovate the growth
of trees by digging and manuring the
ground for a distance of few feet OF
yards around the base of the trees. On
this subject Mr.. J. j. Thomas, the notet
fruit culturist and horticultural editor
of the Country Gentleman, illustrate
the subject with diagram representa-!
the roots of tree and circle of cult
vated ground ten feet in diamete
around its base, the remainder being il
!. grass, and says:
] ''If the tree is eight or ten years old
and ten or fifteen feet high, its root
will extend at least fifteen feet each way
and make circle thirty feet in diane
ter, with an area eight times as great a
, that of the cultivated circle. As nearl
all the small or feeding roots are outsid
, of the circle, the small part cultivate
will not be worth one-tenth as the Who'll
surface in cultivation. But it common
ly happens that when owners of OF
, chards in grass dig circles for the bene
. fit of the trees, they are not larger tina
five feet in diameter, and often less, an
consequently they do not benefit fol
= tieth part of the available roots.
: On the other hand, suppose the circl
, next the tree to be ten feet of grass, an
= all the rest or darker surface is cultivaI
4 ed. The tree then receives the sam
e benefit nearly (or nine-tenths as much
: as when the whole surface is under Gu
!, tivation.
- A similar result would take place
3 manure were spread, first to an extel
e equal to the inner circle, and then owe
e all the remainder, or over the entil
Il surface. The uselessness, therefore, of
- small heap piled against the foot OF tt
IL tree, is obvious.
10 In all experiments of this kind whiC
If we have performed in past years, W
have found the difference in the effect
- titled or grass surface, to grow less
a the trees advance in age; and app
1T trees indicate mnch less difference tina
G peach trees, the latter sometimes shoy
9 ing growth when young more tha
. forty times as great in bulk when tho
" oughly cultivated, as when standing
L rank grass or sowed grain. In 9th
n words, the annual shoots on trees
, grass land did not often measure mo
y than six inches long, with an avera: