The New York herald., 1874-07-23
The RreadstaRs Question-American
Exports OF Wheat and Maize and
European Reuufrements.

Great Britain has been, among all the coun-
tries Of the world, the largest importer Of cereal
products. Her supplies have been usually
drawn very largely from Russia, France, Ger
many, Hungary, Turkey and other minor Eu-
ropean exporting countries. In 1873 there
were deficient cereal crops in Europe, while in
America they were abundant. In the crop
year 1928 Great Britain imported about
100, 600, 600 bushels of wheat, and her esti-
mated requirements for the crop year from
September l. 1878, to August 81, 1874, from
foreign imports have been placed at 90, 600, 900
tc 100, 600, 600 bushels of wheat. France,
usually large exporter of wheat, has been in
the present crop year an importer to the
extent OF about 10000, 600 bushels of wheat,
and Russia, that has had in some previous
years as high as 60,000000 bushels annual
surplus wheat for export, had scarcely
half tha. amount from her crop of 1873.
/ The United States in 1878 had a wheat crop
estimated by the Agricultural Department at
| 277, 372, 900 bushels which probably, in fact,
exceeded $40, 000 900 bushels. as about
SS, 600, 900 bushels have already been exported
and 221 ,2500 600 bushels approximately re-
qurei for seeding 10000, 600 acres OF wheat
and the food requirements of about 43, 500 900,
the present population in the United States.
The harvest prospects in Europe for the cereal
crops in 1874 are all that could be desired,
and in the United States and the New Do
minion the cereal crops have more acreage
and are quite as promising as in 1873 France,
Germany, Hungary, Russia, the Austrian and
the Turkish provinces will in 1874 probably
have their usual surplus, or more, for export.
In the transition period from a season of
scarcity to one of plenty there must Of neces-
sity, in the last two months Of the former and
the first two months OF the latter, be very con-
siderable changes in the values of cereal prod
ucts, more especially in wheat and its prod
net, -four. The United Kingdom is the
central point from which these changes take
their start. Her supplies are drawn from all
the exporting countries of the world, nearly
fifty per cent of which have usually been OBJ
tained from the ports of the Black and Azof
seas and the Danube. In these ports the
countries bordering on the Mediterranean
Sea have been strong competitors in the pur
chase of breadstuffs, and of 322 wheat-Iaden
vessels which passed the Dardanelles from the
7th Of April to the 9th of June, 1874, 276
were destined for Mediterranean ports and
only 46 for the north Of Europe; the
latter divided between Great Britain, Bel
gium, Holland and Norway. The continental
countries Of Northern Europe have also been
competitors with Great Britain in the bread
stuffs markets Of the world, and this is indi-
Gated in the fact that, from May to July 4,
there have been exported to continental
countries of Northern Europe, direct from
the United States, 5,2e1,526 bushels of
wheat against II, 594. 74s bushels of wheat
to the United Kingdom The CONT
mental countries of Northern Europe
have also been buyers of breadstuffs of
Great Britain, and the exports from thence
to the Continent direct from April % to June
20, inclusive, have been 81, $50 bushels
These countries have also been large pur-
chasers of wheat cargoes originally destined
to ports of call in Great Britain, and during
the week ended June 27 the Continent took
twelve cargoes arrived at ports of call, or
about 1872, 900 bushels, while Great Britain
had the remaining thirteen cargoes, or about
456, 900 bushels, for ports of discharge in the
United Kingdom.
The continental demand has been usually
precarious and uncertain, but this year
France, Germany Belgium Holland and all
the countries bordering on the Mediterranean
are nearly bare Of stocks, and there is a
strong probability Of the continuance Of the
continental demand till near the close of
August, when the new crop will begin to be
available to limited extent for consumption.
The stocks of wheat in the ten principal
importing ports of the United Kingdom are,
in the aggregate. under the usual average.
There were in transit for that country, from
all countries, exclusive of steamer shipments
from American Atlantic ports, June
81, 1888, 52s bushels of wheat and 227, $40
barrels of -four equal to 9, 521, ,423 bushels of
wheat. The weekly consumption Of wheat in
the United Kingdom approximately averages
1884, 900 bushels. The supply from home
grown wheat and imports Of foreign for the
eight weeks ended June 13 had been 5, 755, 400
bushels less than the consumption (at the
rate OF 1884. 900 bushels per week. During
the eight weeks from July 5 to August 80 the
consumption will approximately aggregate
27, O72, 900 bushels. The deliveries Of home
grown wheat in the Kingdom are now about
$50, 600 bushels per week, and in eight weeks, at
the same rate, will be 1850 900 bushels, which,
added to the 1921, ,423 bushels in transit,
would give an aggregate supply Of II, POI, 423
bushels, leaving $50 SIT bushels to be pro-
vided from further exports from foreign coun-
tries. This latter amount WILL however, be
increased by IN unknown quantity, or what
the continental demand upon cargoes at
ports Of call may be in the mean time.
l -Ihe nYn1rts t-..-, aalaaarl Atlantic 1ac.rts