The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-04-05

ner says the same thing, and. what Webster does
not do gives us the best reasons believing him.
Christian lie, when was love to God and love to
| man All the world knows that he loved his fellow
Strength were devoted to the interests OF human
1 ity, ana the more downrrodden and oppressed any
nature hat ire went out for their deIiverance Now. the
/ test OF our love to God is love to man. Is
| power and grace OF dod in his heart9n
But Sumner, like Washington, did not talk re-
/ ligion on his deathbed There, in his dying hours,
"sumner lett no testimony no record Of the power
| OF God in his hearth What were his dying wordss
record. no testimony OF the grace OF God IN the
hearth To plead for the oppressed, to entrest that
be 10 he bower e d
in tine heart "Without works faith is dead. says
the Apostle James, and Charles Sumner showed, by
Catholicism and tho Divine Right Of
| Kings.
! To THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD:-
| It has been often asked Of late OF your CORE.
spOndent to reply In your columns to several most
| important questions, which are still before the
American mind, waiting for satisfactory answer
He Will attempt the answer, without promising
| that it shall prove satisfactory
First-What Is the divine irht claimed by the
B0urbons to reign In France all elsewhere? And
| to what extent Is the Catholic Church pledged to
| the support Of such claim9
| Americans, generally, labor under the mistake
OF supposing thai the Church has formally sane.
toned the pretenslons Of Henri cling In France and
Don Carlos in Spain to reign over those countries
by right directly given by God. and In itself in
alienable indefeasible and Immortal Nothing can
be further from the truth. The Church declares
that where form Of government has been estab-
lished by people conformably to the natural law,
that 49, to the eternal fitness OF things that gov
eminent legitimate one having the sane
ton OF the Divine Author OF nature and
society. Those who administer such govern
fnent, so long as they rule In conformity with
justice, having for their aim the good of the
governed add the fuflment Of the Divine VIII In
securing to society all that is necessary it's well
fare, are then said to govern lawfully righrfully,
and the right by which their acts claim the
obedience OF every member Of the community is,
ultimately. the Divine Will. For, in the natural or
supernatural order, wherever
MAN BOWS TO A JUST LAW,
or to the voice OF the lawful magistrate enIoining
rghtul acts, 1t is to Gods own majesty that he
bows
The President OF the United States, governing in
accordance with the constitution, IS not merely,
in SO lar, officer fulfilling the just win or the
American people, but. he is, moreover the repre-
sentative Of God VINO IL the author Df my being,
and who, as my Creator and Master has the
mandng the submission OF my will. In everything
IN which the first magistrate lawfully challenges
my obedience look up to God as to Him in whom
resides the primary right or binding the acquies-
cence oimy Judgment and the submission OF my Will.
Thus. in Church and State, in domestic and public
society, whoever is-as parent magistrate or supe-
rior-the person lawfully appointed to govern me,
is, by divine right, my ruler nation may CON-
nit to family the hereditary right to govern, ana
ftv anfo Inn,
the popular sanction, the Church's conservation;
but in neither case Is there conferred any divine
right essentially distinct rom the above.
THE RIGHT OF THE BOURBoNs
to govern France did not differ from the
theirs Nor did the yalols possess s''S any
the Capetlans and oil Charlemagne or Clovis. The
election of CLOVIS by his warrior chiefs and his
crowd conferred no right beyond that o1 here
ditary right which 10 not bestowed on our own
magne as Emperor OF the West did not make any
essential change IL the relations OF the new mon
arch to his people, II did not make them his prop
erty or hls chattels, MIN the master OF MS
Franks or Germans, endowed with new right to
transmit his ownership like an heirloom 10 his sons
and their SUCCESSORS. The natural law was not
changed when Charlemagne was crowned at
Rome; IL Still remained, what 1t ever must be,
Gods own reason ana Will regulating tue moral
relations OF human beings in society, founded on
their very natures. To be sure, there was q COM
pact with the Church that he snOuld protect her in
the exercise OF her functions and tue enjoyment Of
her liberty. HIS fuinment OF 1t was to guarantee
him certain privileges out his right to govern re-
NAMED substantially the same, anu the rights and
unaitered Emperors. again and again. n, VERY
subjected to forfeiture; their peoples con-
snned to possess ana 10 use, on occasion the
did the declarations OF the ecclesiastical authoii-
ties con er IN either case any power not inherent
stances In one word, there is no such thing
acknowledged by the Christian Church as this
INDUSTRIOUS pretentlon attributed to Henri or
Don Carlos to rule France and Spain respectively
In virtue OIL O right directly conferred Dy God and
aance Of the new order OF things growing out Of
revolutions, cOnquestS and the Will oil the people.
In the political order God coniers directly on every
human society the right to organize itself ana
frame It's government so as to secure It's own we'll
beng. The lawfully appointed rulers only hold
this right indirectly from God-that is through the
people. The circumstances or
THE HEBREW PEOPLE WERE EXCEPTIONAL,
on the showing OF their own historians. They
acknowledged a theocracy. When they asked lor
kings 1t Is said nowhere that their monarchy was
plainly limited that their kings would use ana mis-
use their power just as did their class elsewhere.
The Church undoubtedly has q respect ior vested
rights; so has God HIMSELF, IN whom Is the source
OF all right. But. as a body neither through her
councils nor through her pontifs, mas she Identl-
fed herself with the pretenders to the Spanish or
the French throne.
1ercely hostile to religion as to the monarchy;
hence in the eyes OF the multitude the OF the
BOURBON kings was conlounued with tnat OF the
Church, The clergy and the nobility suffered
exile, imprisonment and death side 10y side. aud
their successors to this day, great measure,
have q common sympathy for the old royal line,
and Il common hatred lor the Republic or It's rep
resentative the Commune. But the majority Of
the clergy In France do not belong to the legiti-
mist party, and even those who do do not
acknowledge such divine right as our American
preiudices or Ignorance attribute to them.
In Spain, in like manner the party OF Queen
Isabella and her mother, the Queen Regent, are
identified with spoliatlon OF churches and monas-
other measures which went lar towards lmper-
ling the very existence OF Catholicism IN tne PEN
insua. The Re juDlic which now drags on its
precarious existence, has manifested q still more
hostile disposition. No wonder, then, that all who
remain attached to the Old faith should manifest q
preference tor the Old dynasty and the legitimate
heirs to the Spanish throne set aside by the arbi-