New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1874-01-20
APPLIED SCIENCE.

and one about four inches above and placing in il
o. quarts of boiling water introduce 1900 grains of
rhromate Of potash $40 of soda, go Of chloride of
ralcium, and $50 of common salt. Then add so
unarts of the oil TO be purified. stir well for five TO
ten minutes, allow to remain perfectly quiet Tor
week in warm place and draw off the clear OIL by
the upper splgot
PAPER INDUSTRY OF THE UNITED STATEs.-From
The Paper Trade Journal it appears that, during
1872. there were in operation in the United States
BIZ papermills owned by 705 firms, and representmga
value of SS5 900 600 In addition to tins actual value
Of mill property there is the usual working capital
-22l per cent Of the value of the mills-making the
total capital invested in paper making throughout
the country about S435OOOOO. The mills employ
1890 male and 200 female hands, besides @22
rhildren-or total of 220i2 aborers, whose wages
amount to Sl00Opo00 The production of these
mills during the year was 3l',3o' tons, valued NJ
e@41jSSJ.
BRANDY FROM SAwDUsT-Zetterlund, after boil
Ing 9 cwt of sawdust with cwt of hydrcchloric
acid sp gr. lis and 3O.7 cwt of water, under pres
Of less than pounds TO the inch, found 1888 per
cent of the mass to he grape sugar; and with p
hours of further boiling, 4SS per cent, OF 1897 per
cent of the sawdust to be grape sugar-an amount
lie was unable 10 exceed After neutralizing the
acid with lime until the cooled mash contained but
4 per cent according to LudeIsdOrtfs test at 81
feTment made of 20 pounds of bruised malt was
added. In 90 hours fermentation was complete, and
GistIlstioa afforded 81 quarts of brandy of % per
per cent ut So perfectly free from od0r or taste OF
turpeatinc, and Of very agreeable flavor. he con
% probable that the process might he success
ful large scale if the amount Of water ana time
al boiling two important factors IN the production
Of sugar were accurately Determined by expert
me;s BY conversion OF all the cellulose INTO sugar
each hundred-weiglt of air-drled sawduSi WodId
yied at least PA quarts of 80 per cent brandy.
IvrEovED Gas FURNACE.-An improved gas
larulng apparatus. for heating purposes. was eXhb-
= -.
don IL iN in reality an improved form of Bunsen
burner. and consists. in principle, of brass tube,
Throwing jet Of gas into a hemispherical chamber
into which air, as well as the gas, is driven by the
.Xpcdicrt of having an opening, or break of cont
iaity a. the gas tube. sheathed only by covering
q; pemeable. safety-lamp, wire-ganze just before
ltenters the hemisphercal chamber. The gas leaps
across the open chasln, dragging with IT current OF
ar through the wlTcgauZe sheath. he AIR ana gas
nix Ia the chamber, and then rise through trans
verse internal diaphragm OF wire gauze, TO Issue
-Tom a burner at the top. The flame produced by
rhls arrangement i emerald. amber-tlpped cone,
81 ve.y charitable heating power, readily melting
Grass silver. gold aud copper aud attaining TEN
YcTatuTc of 1850 Farenheit. The burner is made
witt T. 10, TO- or ~ flames, according TO the use 10
which Il ls TO be applied.
I'sr or DEMONSTRATING or SoptIN DYEIEG WITH
ISpeo.-Me,srs Schutzeubelgor and Lalands an
uounce a new method of dyeug and printing fabrics
bv means of indigo in regard Ia which they remark
that IN consequence of It's insolubilty in neutral
dIssolyenjs. whether acid or alkaline the coloring
matter of indigo can only be fixed upon the textile
hboI after being previously reduced-:hat is con-
VeItcd into white indigo soluble in alkaes and
slkahne earths.
They find, however, that tie very strongly reducing
properties Of the hydrosulphite OF soda in its al
most instantaneous action upon indigo changing it
d. the cold state to an alkaline liquid white
f1,a ~ 11t in tbp
~auou- applications of indigo IN dyeing and print
iur. The memoir which is contained IN the HOpueU
.N,1Hgaf gives first the details of the manipulation
ior dycmg, and then Tor printing. and Is accolnpa-
med by spec linens Of the general effect produced.
The colors obtained, according to these Gent lemon
NJ very beautiful and possess very distinctive
UUtliue. Tie new blOe which they get requires no
Treatment, alter printing. Tor hAlng II thoroughly;
and II mav indeed. hc printed at the same time with
most ~ the other coiors. such anuc blacks Nc.
IT. preparation consists IN thckeHng with gum, or
oth,T thick.ncr sufficiently concentrated solution
"f white indigo IN an aikd o. an alkaline body and
thou adding 10 the mixture the proper quantity OF
IydIosulpndc of soda.
INFLUENCE OF TnE Moon Of TIE WEATHER.
Wlcr2h,cd Assistant at the Observatory at era
COW has made use of - years Of continuous obserya
tiou on the climate of that station to investigate
the Influence of the MOON The first person who
male any practical investigation of this subject
appears 10 have been Laplace who studied the in
fueucc Of the noon upon the hight of the baronl-
.teT. Ia the same direction also Bpuvard labored.
ba.inC his Investigation on twelve years Of Obscrva
tious a; Paris and he proved that the influence of
tie moon upon our atmosphere was so inconsder-
able al least for the latitude of Paris that 1t might
lie considered as not existing at all. WieIzbicki
divides his Investigation INTO two sections; study
ing frs the influence of the synOdic revolution Of
tie moon. or the time that the moon occupies in
passing through all its phases. and further subdi
.I,a .l NJ wa
wears each. and showing that for both OF these
periods as wen for the entire period of 45 years
the clear weather Il G. the number of clear days
shows scarcely any trace of connection with the
phase of the moon. During the lunar month, in
fact the number Of clear days increases and dmin-
fishes five times, and without any apparent regu-
Iarity. y,
frst period Of nineteen years the maximum rainfall
occurs between tie first Quarter and the full moon
and the least rainfall between the tull moon ana tue
last quarter On the other hand the last period OF
nineteen years leads 10 different result; so that
from the whole series of observations. there results
only very slight indication of a connection with
tile mOon-whiCh connection, If IT actually exists
would require for its demonstration series of
measurements of the rainfall numbering through a
much longer period OF years. Inc result attained
ty the study of the number of DAYS on which ram
fell substantially agrees with that from the study OF
the quantity of ram fallen IN showing that the moon
las very little IL any, influence upon processes III
our atmosphere The same author, IN studying the
anOmalistc revolution of the moon, gives, by very
careful process of reasoning, two conclusions dlt-
feront from those advocated bv Schiaparell in find
trace of tue influence of the distance OF the
moon from the earth upon meteorological phenomena
TRIAL OF THE AMERICAN CoN-CUTTING MACHINE.
The first practical trial of an American coa-cut-
ting machine was recently made at the Coal Brook
mines of Messrs. Niblack. Zimmerman & Alexander
a few miles from Brazil. Indiana.
The machine question is known Browns