The Rutland weekly globe. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1873-1877, 1874-02-06

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We meet to be benefited and learn how
to preserve the fertility of the soil, increase
our crops and dairy products and betiertGo
all theduties of the farmers life add to
our comforts, increase our happiness and
make us all. better citizens.
FRUIT GROWING.
Cyrus r. Keith, Sheldon, read a paper
upon " Fruit Growing in Northern Yer
mont"
He spoke of the severity of the winter
that demands the hardy varieties that will
ripen their wood. Drainage is essential,
even Il better drainage than is necessary
for corn or potatoes as the trees grow
earlier in the spring and later in the fail.
Plow moist land into beds, and set trees
IS feet apart. Cultivate with n hocd crop
until the trees are well established and
cultivated afterward as it injuics the roots.
Mulch trees. Never manure in spring
Apply manure in the fall then the growth
will begin SO early as to ripen properly
Prune early in the season as late pruning
causes the branches left to give a late
growth that will winter kill. The value OF
u belt of forest trees TO protect the orchard
is often very evident. A hillside Is besl
for the orchard aud better if protected by
forest on the north and west. Pears have
not Dcen grown successfully. Cherries of
some good varieties do well. Grapes do
well on hill sides sloping TO the south, in
warm, dry soil. Concord and Delaware
are sufficiently hardy to be worthy of a
trial. Train vines upon n trellis n few feet
from a building on the sunny side. Ma.
nurc with well rotted manure, wood
ashes and leaf mold. The climate and soil
in Northern Vermont is such MS to encour-
age all farmers to attempt fruit raising.
ME. STARTS PAPER.
OG Start Of Bakersfield then read a pa
per N 'Fruit Growing in Northern Yer.
mont"
The facts of frauds in the sales of trees
by agents were alluded to trees brought
from a distance, of tender varieties, 'anf i'm.
perfect trees cause disappointment. Drain
age, protection from winds and good care.
was urged as important. Roots and hood
crops are better in an orchard than grass OF
grain. Pruning should be done annually
and on young trees no large branches need
be removed. The enemies of fruit were
referred to, as catterpillars, bark lice, cod.
ling month and borers. Cattle must be
kept from orchards rs their pruning is toe
unSkillful.
Crab apples may very properly bc raised
where standard trees fail To grow.
DISCUSSION.
Mr. Cummings Of berkshire wished to
know what could be done to cause somc
large trees in his orchard, 30 years old, to
to bear fruit they are thrifty but have
not bore more than two or three bushels.
Judge Adams asked in regard to sun
blight in killing off the bark.
Advice was given to Mr.. Cummings to
cut his trees down or graft them 10 good
varieties or wait Il little longer.
DR. lIoskins spoke of the sun blight a.
affecting some varieties of trees more thar
Others and that some crab apples were net
exempt but did not give directions to
prevent the blight. He enforced the idea
OF drainage, either by underdrains or by
ridging up the surface. Mulching is on
the whole Objectionable because it keeps
the roots near the surface. IF you mulcl,
once you should continue it. | prefer to
have my trees root deep they will stand
drOuth better. | nice saw roots of an
apple tree, dug out at depth of 30 feet,
as big as my wrist. | think the roots OF
old apple trees reach down to live water.
| object to the grain and potato crop among
trees. Potatoes exhaust the potash so ne.
ccesary to trees. | prefer beans, having
raised this year 40 bushels. | do not usC
stable manure, but bone meal and ashe,
mixed together and mOistened and allowed
to stand a few days, makes a good fcrtil,
izer. find the ashes take the oil from the
tone dust so it can become soluble. Grape
vines should not have stimulating manures
and should lie covered in winter. The dis,
lance recommended | like but | plant closer
than IS feet. | branch low, having somC
trees branched only a foot high. 1t i,
easier TO gather the fruit and winds do moi
affect low trees rs it does high ones.
Pruning is done by orchardists-- at all sea
sons, yet at present favor early summer
pruning. Among varieties the Brunswickei
was highly recommended for an early fall
apple for cooking and is also n fair eating
apple, a great bearer, and a popular apple
but fully believes the apple should bC
called Duchess of ~Oldenburgh. The shell
ter of wood lands is more likely to suffer
from insects, especially borers, and in close
proximity of forest ~favors, codling moth
1t is u%nfayorable to the codling moth
where the orchard bears every other year
as the non-bearlng year starYes the moths
Judge Adams spoke of changing fruit OF
a tree by budding or incubation, AS desira
BILE and again appealed for light in regarC
to the killing of bark near the base OF
trees.
DIR. Hoskins said that severe cold early
in the fall while the young tree is full OI
sap will cause the bark to split, it SHOULD
then he tied up and it will recover ant
never split again.
Mrs j. b. Croft Of West Enosbuagl
read a paper upon the organization of the
farmers, setting forth the advantage o
farmers clubs, agricultural societies ant
kindred societies formed for mutual assist
ance and encouragement, preventing i'm
position and evil effects of the sinister
%plannngs of men who live upon the farm
er.
The paper was well written and received
with applause.
Adjourned till 7 y. n.
THURSDAY EVENING.
TIE RELATION OF FARMERS To SOCIETY.
S ii Stevens, of Enosburgh. Vt, com
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