, 1874-02-03

I =,
than tloy export. Tho tnovoh,ont Of tlia quantity
OF fgtain andn corresponding Nnutity ofproylnong
cainos bo limited to tho rorlols Of lala and ca
IN wintor vol rs summon. Ihoao Who liyo In
tho faht, ant think, l,cea,lso iu onry tnyA tho
groat nltoH md caln'H afforded s,itllcent monr,
1or transportation, no tltoy must now nre to bo
roniftfdod tilat tho trao atlsi commerce Of tlis
day require nov nn
toNsrAsrLy-orENEp AVENUES,
ttiat Will afford the shortest mud tytekost eana
o. ,;, communication Only fow yoans ngo tho
daily , moottnga Of 'Cllaugo ,lurng tho wintor
tnontsla. Iiiaro waa Bcnrcc1y any vintcr-inoyo-
mont OF rrotl'lec, mud tho slipping OF grain to
tue sonooard In bulk by rail wun unknown, aud,
II required wcolss to henr from distant narotB.
and mol'tha to know tho osros'1lt Of IN yonturo.'
uoodB woro transported Gy oa,lal-boatB and sail-
y ysssois s' psaped , tray2e hy ana
people, havirg different abitsof thought, tralo.
and ttnsel, aud with new 1oas NJ 10 tra1lspor..
tHtioh. Uur morcllnnta now muat meet daily
ai't! ottonor; thoy aro III constant tolcgraphio
communication with the markets. OF tho world.
u other countries, customs laye also cLangel.
lhe lneat1n Tor communicating neHa and carry
Ing property has Increased In Europe aB rnpidly
ns III Amorica. Lot there bo scarcity Of, md
consequent demand for, ATTY product III any 10
ra!ty, md 1t nt o1lco bocomoY known the world
oyer, and that people who can aoonest aud
cheapest supply tho want aro moat bcnodtcd
thereby.
No COUNTRY DEPENDENT, AZ ~ GUNS,
upon foreign markot. for n lnrgo portion OF itB
production, eau aIlord to restrict tho movement
Of thcao productions to any portion Of tho year.
Acting il accordanco with llIa tlleory, tho mor-
challts Of tlB dny havo nude uao Of railroads for
NOR months Whilst, ouiy eight yeara ago, no
gram VIVA shipped Enat in bulk, tho a,i,Monts
From T. Chicago alone are now from 100000 to
25o ooo bushels daily. During tho Inst weels tho
bushels Of grim, s,35S, S,000 pounds Of cut meats,
1.49a, QUO pounds OF lard, besides cattle, hogs,
aud other property. This from C. sinEle city, III
single wools md Mt ratca OF freight sufficient
TO % pay handsome return upon tllrec lines tho
actual cost oil tho railroads carrying the property.
1t u safe to say TINT, with sufficient facilities,
ar'd at fnir rates for transportation, this moyo-
mont OF property by railroads
WOULD HAVE uEEN nuADnurLED IN EXTENT.
Knliroads havo had forced upon them this
grain-csrrylng trade aud 70 rapidly and 80 ,,r-
gently laa 1t boon done, TINT Tho business of
moving grain BY ruil has BECOME system full
OF fa'1lts, evils, and abuseH, all Of which tend to
Increase tho cost of transportation. Hallway
corporations haye sought to establish customs
a1sd principles for common carriors different
from, and Othor thar, those observed by water
route companies, who issuo bills of lat!ing guar
anteong to deliver at tho ond Of tho route tho
full 1nio,lnt Of grain taken for carriagc. Bills
OF latling isauctt by railroads afford po evidence
of quantity Or value Of the. grain shipped,
Alu, therefore,
PRESENT A TEMPTATION
to to misrepresentation as to quantity snl yaluo.
They ara therefore l1rauited to commercial pur-
posos,. By cost Of transportation il meant !
something more than tho itom Of charges. Rail- |
road companies advertise thoir tariff rltcs, from
which may be calculated tho charges, bnt tic |
delay Of delivery, as we'll az losA in weight and |
injury lii condition, ia ascartaiuod. Whatever iB
lose Of property, by accident or otherwise ulilo |
it il being moved, adds to the expense or cost ]
Of movement.
IT IS uESEt,A1LY CONCEDED
that tue l,roae1lt cost Ut transportation iB not ]
only Oppressive to tho uGreult,rist, hut to tho
manufacturing and business interests of tho
country genatally;. and TINT whatever afrccts
ln1'trlotsl, the producing Interests Of tho coun-
va arc mot with tho question, How are tho
faults of tho proaont system OF railroad-manngc-
mont to l,o removed I do not l,oliovo uarriora
nro moro solhHil tlnn producers aud consumers,
right to demnud high prices for their services,
When tiere IL an 1.nsisrnl domald for tlon,. nj
our nserchants and farmers have to demand high
priceh Tor what they have to soil wlon 1t is much
wanted. why should not tho law Of
SUPPLY AND DEMAND
apply to tre1lsportation-scryco aB we'll nj to tho
rrice O! merchandise md agricultural produce
tlons There ara thoso who look upon LcgiE-
att7e ,o1'actmonta or Congressional aota as
the only source Ut romody for tlle evils tlat re-
alllt from tho present inadequate facilities for
Wllilo I iIeonl tint oyory State
laa certain control over tho corporations TINT
invo acocrted charters from thoul, do nut be-
ieso they llaso the right to dictate what sla he
hargod ior moving property FROM other States
hroMEh their territory on it's way to tlistut npr-
'ets: The ntompta 1nado to regulate tari1r-rasos
y Legislative enactmontH Aayo not thus
ar mot with satisfactory results. Lot mo psk.
Ylat right haxe tho Statos Of Ohio Indiana, and
illinois to Fay What slGl ho charged Tor tho con-
oyanco OF grain through those States on its way
rom milwaukee, to Baltimore? and can Con-
rcas Interfere with tho rights..grantel to coypo-
7tioau BY tho so:eral States
II appears to mo tho most effectual way to re-
love nfd remedy tho present evils and abuses |
railroad companies, md to reduce tho cost OF
:ansporEntion, 1B to increase competition, or, in
thor words, to
INCREASE THE SUPPLY OF TRANSPORTATION
nt!l 1t eqna1R tho tlomas,d. 10 accom-
iish this, tho water-conrBes must
o Improved and ral-li1leH multiplied. I
nd. to o1cburaga tho construction Of railfoo{lY,
apitaiista must he nesurod tt,at they will not bo
ampcrod aud hirderel by tho oractmcnts OF
tatc Legislatures. It Reens to mo TINT tho
ccoasltics Of tho country loinand TINT Congress- |
aoula, BY genora enactment. authorize tho
instruction. under proper restrictions and con- {
itious Of rnilroads botwoeu the cities Of tho
ayerat States; It ia stated that when German {
cumont WILL grant churter Tor tho construction
railroad from the Benboard to tho West, they
III avaii Themselves Of tho privilege. {
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THE TAX ON EAflK, CAPITAL. {