The Somerset herald. [volume] (Somerset, Pa.) 1870-1936, 1874-09-16

motion. q certain p0Etloh VI enc SUI
stance az these ibers and consequent
lv of the muscle, is wasted, or used
M. or disorganized; for ell these
terms are equivalent ones in this
sense. A portion Of the living tex
ture Of the muscle dies, and is chang
cd into lifeless, dead, efete matter,
inst as though SO much Of it bad been
consuned in a fire or subjected tJthe
destructive action of corrosive acids
or aIkalies. The changed dead mat
ter upderVoes a chemical conversion
hv means Of the blood which con-
SANITY circulates through the minute
ciniIlarv vessels which connect the
arteries with the veins. The blood,
loaded with the products Of this dead
matter, passes through the kidneys,
and there deposits a part Of its load,
which appears as the ammonia or
urea of the urine. Another part IS
Deposited in the lungs and appears as
The carbonic acid and the water
which are given of at every resPirar
ton. These matters deposited by
the blood are thrown of from the
system, and the blood relieved from
them becomes again pure, passes
through the heart, from thence TO
the arteries and takes up another
load, returning again by the veins.
This is the action which goes on in
cessantly in a living animal. AS
life can not exist, without motion
TO some extent, if it is only that mo-
ton needed to breathe and kept the
heart ia action, there is always this
process Of waste and building up
going on. 1t is well known to every
person that the waste of the body
here described is made up by matter
derived from the food Therefore,
life can not exist without food with
out a decrease Of the substance d the
body. and this decrease of the sub
stance is what we know as the vast
ing process Of starvation, and that is
only possible TO exist for a short peri
cd IL is c c that g certain supply
of food is reeded TO maintain the
mere life of an animal. But when an
animal is obliged TO exert its muscles
severely its living processes are
FASTENED. The waste is enormously
increased, in proportion to the enor-
nous increase Of muscular force ex-
erted, to do the work over that ex-
crted in simply breathing. The in
creased waste calls for increased
supply Of blood to carry it of, and
increased supply of air to receive
It from the blood aud expel iti
through the lungs, the increased Sc
erection of urea from the kidneys be-
ing proportionate. Therefore the
circulation and breathing Of a work
ing animal is quiekened. The in
creased supply Of nutriment to main
tain the animal in condition. There
fore it is that we need to feed our
working animals well with nutritious
and readily digested food, and such
a kind Of food also as shall not inter-
fere with the process of breathing or
add excessive weight to the stomach.
We need to preserve the exact bal
snee of nature. The feeder is skillful
in propotiOn to his success in main
tanning this balance, and the whole
art Of feeding stock Of any kind, /.
young and growing, mature and fat
tening, breeding and milking, and :
working stock, simply consists in pro-
viding exactly for this imperative ,
natural necessity-the supply Of this
waste Of the system. As we know Of I;
what elements this consists, we can :
judge exactly Of what elements the !
food that is to restore it must con- )
sist. The waste is mainly carbcnic !
acid, water and nitrogen. The food :
needed to supply the waste, then, is
such as contains starch, sugar aud :
albumen-the FIRST and second sup !
plying the carbon needed, and the )
third the nitrogen. Grains contain ,
these substances 10 the most concen- f,
trated form and in greatest proper
Tomato quantity, roots and leaves of
plants being less rich in them.
Therefore the extra food for working
cattle should consist Of those grains
which are richest in starch and alba
men, and which are in plentiful sup
ply, and therefore cheap. Corn, oats.
beans, peas, linseed, and Some others
meet the necessities of working ami
mails. To make the feed more readily
digestible, and to prevent more mus
cnlar exercise in eating and convert
ing them into nutriment than is nee
essary-for this useless exertion, as
has been explained, is a waste Of
food-the food should be ground as
finely as possible. To prevent over
loading of the stomach, it should be
fed frequently and in small quantities.
The quantity should be proportional
to the muscular exertion required. I
and should be increased OF diminish I
ed accordingly. 1t should also be re- {
membered that the waste is instantly /
Occurrent upon exertion, while repair :
is a more deliberate process. The 1
feeding should therefore be begun a t
few days previous to the beginning s
Of the labor. Eighteen pounds of
hay per day viii keep a horse or an I
OK in steady condition when it is not J
at work; on being put to work we
may suppose the demand upon q
the system TO be at once doubled. {
Bot tbirty-six pounds of hay would I
be 0 bulky 10 be contained in a '
horses stomach and concentrated {
food ofeQual value should be substi- I
Corn and oats possess Il !
times as much flesh producing value b
as the best hay. We should, there S
fore. add 10 pounds of corn or oat a
meal per day to a horse or OK in S
addition TO eighteen pounds Of hav. t
A quart Of meal weighs Il pounds.
and eight quarts would therefore be
a sufficient addition to the standard
food of an animal when it is put to
work. There viii be an exception TO a
this rule, which must be met bv a iu- S
dieio1s discretion, but in general the a
result brought out by the foregoing n
rational process accords exactly with
the practice Of observant and careful 0
feeders. 4
To Can PruIf C