, 1874-05-03
ETERNAL PUNISHMENT.
Another Letter from Charles IL.
Reed. Esq, on the Word
AiOnios.


and pressing official duties have prevented n
from making 40 earhar reply. Mr. Il. sesms t
| think that am the
CHAMPION OF ETERNAL PCEls INTENT.
He is mistaken. I have net advocated, o
assumed to advocate, this doctrine, but hav
endearorcd Every briefly to chow the mean
ing Of these words as used in th
New Testament with reference to the futur
state Of mankind. Mr. Hanson says the Phari
secs used the Greek words aidios. eirgnaos
timoria, adiale.ptos, and attranatos to denot
endless punishment. The adjective aidios sig
nides everlasting, ete77,al.-just the same q
aionios. It does not denote endlessness, an.
more than aion1os. See Liddo1l 4 Scott
sophocles, Donnegan, ct nl. It is used bu
twice in the New Testament, viz: Romans, j..
20, where Paul speaks Of the eternal power ant
Divinity; and Jude, verse 6, where it is used tt
represent the everlasting chains or bonds witt
which the fallen angels are held.
The adjective adioleiptos denotes constant, un.
ceasing, incessant, and is also used but twice il
the New Testament, viz /: Romans, IL, g. where
Paul speaks OF the great grief and unceasins
anguish, OF continual sorrow, in his heart; and
H. Timothy, l., 8. where Paul informs Timothy
how INCREASINGLY he remembers him in 1ia
prayers night and day. These words
/ ARB NOT USED
| in the New Testamen. to denote the dura-
tion OF the Life OF mankind after death.
| Tho noun tinlorid is used only In He-
It is derived from d1noreo. aud originally signi-
fed hslp. asd, succor, nod afterwards came to
| signify rerenge, vengeance. and then punishment,
torture. See Liddell & Scott ct al.
| The Greek noun kolasis signifies punishment.
and is the word used in Matthew, XIV, 46. It is
from kotdzo. sophoc1es says koEasis signifies
"damnation in hell," and that it "eQuals geten-
ma, tho place where
THE .w1cKED ARE DAMNED"
| He defines kokazo TO damn in hell" See his
! Greek lexicon OF the Roman and Byzau-
tine periods, from B. G. 146 to L. D..
| 1100. He is u native Greek, and cer-
| tainly ought to know the correct mean
! ing OF these words. Probably Alr. Hanson
| will ssy ho don't! Gozoi-o originally aigniaed
| to ct.rtait. prnne, check, etc.
Mr. Hanson says that am " oyerborne By
| the photographers" Let us see:
He cites four, aud ouly four. One Of these,
| Parkhurst gives eternity one OF the meanings
Of aion, as Mr.. q. quotes him. Donnegan,
fcations. But he failed to give this meaning
from Donuegan. T suppose he had q good
reason for emitting this definition.
This leaves but t:ro, and one Of them (Pharo-
niua) admits that dion according to theoloRlans,
Bignifea life eternal and endless. The following
photographers {au Of whom are Of
USQCEsT1oSED SCHOLARSHIP
and authority give eternity as ona OF the mean
ings Of oion, VIZ: Liddell l. Scott. Crener.
Donneean, Pickering Robinson; and Sophocles
(abova cited) gives }orerer. joreuer and eeer,
phrases equivalent to eternity. Yonge, in his
English~Greek Lexicon, gives aion as the Greek
word for eternity. He also gives dtdtotes, but
places 1i0n first.
These photographers are experts, and are con-
sidered authority bs all genuine scholars.
Blr. e. says be is sorry to convict me 'either
Of want Of canGor OF dense ignorance in saying
that aion signided eternity in the times Of tbs
writer's OF the New Testament"
Kepress your Horrow, Ar. H., for l need it not!
My answer to this is tho following, which ap-
peared in 1ng article OF the 22d rlt- viz:
translation Of the Old Testament from the He
brew into the Greek Was made at Alexandria in tho
centuries Just preceding tue Christian era by seventy
learned JoTs and is known
THE sEPrUAGET
{seyenty1 yef1on, In the 18th Of the eth chap
ter OF Isaah the version roads thus: '' For
thus saith the high and lofty One that tnhabitcth
tter.tu Hhoss nsms I. Holy" Ihs septuastnt rendess
aion. This conciunivey shows that Jews who under
stood Greek just before hs Christian era considered
express eternity. II not tais unanswerablo argu-
Rent that came to Rigny eternity Just before the
advent Of Christi
desire to call another most important wit
ness, viz: the celebrated philosopher
ARISTOTLE, |
who WAS born in tho year 3s4 B. c., in Greek
colony Of Macedonia, and who became, in the |
year 343 B, c., the i1ustrious teacher Of the
was pupil OF Plato He certainly understood
the Greek language as we'll IS Mr. Hanson, and |
knew the meaning OF dion.
In an essay entitled De CEto, Concerning |
Rearen," ns defines aion> His Greek is very |
difficult to translate in Bome places. In order |
that might not make any mistake in quoting |
from this celebrated essay, IreGueg:edD DR.. James |
R. Boise, Professor Of Greek in the University |
OF Chicago to furnish me q translation which |
should bo close to the original. The celebrity |
cal Greek scholar is sufficient proof that his
translation is correct. His translation with an
note) is as follows, viz: 4
From. Aristotle, D. ce1o Book II, Oh. 8, See. 10.
physical body is impossible. But, beyond the heaven.
it has been shown that there re:ther Is body
there b. It Il plain therefore, that here is neither
.hInga there not by nature in Space does time
make them grow old, is there any change in any
weep {or carrent) but, Interchangeable and without
passion, having tho best aud most sufficient HE. they
continue through ~ eternity {aio"?; for this name
@heh sastdls embrace. ths tins q sss life Of eseS
an be nothing beyond, has been called
ZACH ones eternity taon). And by parity of
ns the dehnis period also Of the entire hoaTen even
iirne, having received tns appelasion ternity, ao)
rom the fact thAt it exists kwaya {ato tou ael <a
Whence the other things also both existence and 1fe
,a1s received the spreat!on eteFnaD. with moro or
erntng the divine, It il often xnada plain in the ds
:usaions, that the divine, It ia wholly first and
highest must necessarily be unchangeabe $50 IN this
ase with respect to the word Gon}: and this being
o, hea1s testimony 10 what hare said. For neither
another thing stronger and better because It will have
notion tor in that that Siher thing would be |
more diyine}, has 1t anything base ION account
t motton}, nor fs It deficient In any Of |
hess things which azp honorable to It. And It is
ooyed with ceasaess motion for good rcasons be-
ause all things to 10 moved when they arrtvo
I their own place; but to the body that moves in
trcie, the place whence 1t started and whers it
ainates Is the saEuc.
hs Hon. Charles II. Ektd:
Nj DEAR s1a: The aty!e OF Aristotle Is proyerbsa1y
lfcu1t and subject-ma:ter ia often metaphysical
havo endeavored to give you, not smooth and free,
ut an e1set rendering Of the above patssge, Several
on.s In It need commentary for ciucidation. | ,
7hether 1t will be any integtble In the English
ian In the Greek Am unable 70 say. Very truly
ouIp, 1AAEs h Bo1sE.
Tbs Greek words, apo tou asi ei1ui above {
uoted from Aristotle, signify
ESDLEssSESs ,
) to duration, and nothing else. They cannot I
a 1irntad tn or tnrturnd irto any o,Ier mean |