, 1874-02-08
ROME AND GERMANY.

| 49, ~ oAo1nuto ua1ued ABOVE, Dr. Biuntsch};
probably tho greatest international 1,xro-
| hslng, and Professor for many yearz in the hi.
verslty OF Heidelberg traces the couAict no,,
raging between Rcne and Germany to its orie;r
IN history. Although not AZ radical AZ Rien,s,1.
Bluntschi indorses Bismarck,s policy to,ar5,
the Church and, indeed, it would not ba non1'
lar or safe for any public man in Germany At r1aa
ent to do otherwise. The Professors no|;tioa,
views are best Indicated by word which ha w..
the first to introduce into German po]itica -
Liberal Conservative; but then he is n]so mn
OF q school OF statesmen to be found. we th;,t
nowhere but in Germany, and Of which Bism,,c,
il perhaps the greatest living Representative -
men Who draw their political inspiration
FnoM HISTORY;
who obtain from historical data their nr;nc;n,.,
and proceed forthwith to carry them ont
whether there be any present means for enforc.
ing them or not Us, on the whole. tho best thj,n
to DO. We may call them scientific politicians.
their actions being dictated not 80 much by tha
desire 10 meet present emergencies as By what
they consider undoubted sociological psiucip}as
10 illustrate: One principle Of the school il tn.
so-called "Nationalitata princip," OF the maxim
TINT every people speaking conmoa Language
having the same customs, literature. or
should constitute one political organization
TINT such language, customs, e1c. constitute
the natural basis OF the State, provided ~
course, that the people using them iuhabit ora
continuous territory. Educated in this schoo,
Bismarck adopted thA principle, aud his vhole
lie has been devoted to realizing it, 1t was
gigantic task, but be has accomplished it. Thu
German Empire
1s THE RESULT.
Once established, the next thing Was to insn,c
the perpetulty Of the Empire. To effect this
every effort must be made The foundation Of
national unity is unity Of ideas; unity Of Ian
guage, OF literature, Of customs homoseneity
Of political principle This homogeaeity must
bo effected. Bismarck asked himself, Is thera
any element in the Empire out Of harmony with
lt,-a possible source Of disun1on? Yes.-tha
Roman Catholic Church. It alone is not Ger
man. 1t must be Germanized, d,-nationalized
Till this is done, German thought is not. and
cannot be, homogeneous Hence the education
Of the Catholic clergy must be supetinteuded
by the State; Catholic schools must be under
the control OF the State; Catholic Bishops ap-
pointed, OF At least confirmed, BY the State ,-the
State must, in word, impress its character On
the Church,
nECnEATE IT II IT'S OWN IMAGE,
Bismarck'a scientific politics it was which dit
first; and no one will deny that, in following it.
he is, to Say the least, logical
Bluntschli's brochure ia defense Of Bis
marck'B course on the principles OF scientific
politics. He sees thtes great moral forces in
the world, fashioning the doctrines OF humanity:
the Roman, the Teutonic, and tho Christian.
Rome and Germany have been fighting for tro
thousand years. The present struggle is only
one phase Of an old and fundamental difference,
The Roman spirit has at one time compIenented
the German, and at another opposed it. Both
spirita allied themselves to christianity; hu!
the one gave Catholic, the other Protest.
mt, Christianity to the world Rome's
was always the centraliz1ng spirit Germany'sthe
1ecentralizing. Ancient Romo was bent On coz
quest; to reduce the world to subjection to ITSELF
20 subordinate individuality to the will Of Pow
ar. The political capacity Of Rome WAS alvayp
remarkable. Its will WAS always indomitable.
The Roman father was absolute master Of hin
wife and child.
Still, Roman conquest had
LIN uESEFICEST SIDE.
The Romans carried their civilization with them.
Culture, architecture, law, followed in tho track
of their armies; and had they been lesa absolute,
less ambitious, less wArlike, culture and refine
nent had not been spread over the world. nor
the way prepared for the refining and ciyillzing
influences OF Christianity. The homan Empire,
however, meant ona universal monarchy, The
downfall Of nations, and the slavery of peoples.
Had the Empire lasted, Europe would have been
only province OF Rome destitute of all variety,
another China and the further development
Of humanity would have been arrested. It Was
for the interest Of humanity that Roman atnbi-
lion should be checked There Was but ono
power that could do little Toutouic 1ace,-
md
IT DID IT.
In the middle ages, the same phenomena re-
appear. Gregory VII, Innocent III, and Boui-
ace VIII, represent the al-conquering Roman
pirit, which, in the contests Of Pope. and En-
,eror, received shock from which it has not re-
covered. But the Roman Church still claimed
allegiance OF mind and conscience. Germany
again rose up, and in the Reformation
hook OH the yoke. The antagonism Of Rome
md Germany has given us the differentiation
II the Christian nations into Protestant and
Catholic. The present conflict il, therefore,
,othing new. Germany and Rome have never
'een on amicable terms. Bismarck thinks that
IL history points to the conclusion that they c2n-
lot be. The antagonism between them must b
lone away with by
THE ASS1HnAT1oH
II Germanization Of Rome.
Against the order Of JeRuits, especially, does
Germany direct it's forces for the Jcsuits ire
he most Roman Of the Romans, s,-therefore the
greatest enemies OF the German spirit. Bluat
chli's pamphlet gives Us an insight into tho
'lan OF Bismarck's present campaign. 1he1eb
much that is plausible in the manner in which
he antagonism of the Roman to the German
pirlt is presented; but it does not contain tho
ghole truth. II Germany has, in the past, been
[ecentralizing in its influence, it is now In con-
lict with its history. A more st1ongly~cent1al-
zed power does not exist in the world. LII
,as asserted the right OF liberty Of consclsree,
. it not now
INFRINGING THAT VERY RIGHT?
I it GLAZING that it has been always heretofore
ouud on the sido Of Liberty, it can hardly e'sin
hat it il now. II it would look across the Az
antic, it would ind free churches among ffeo
,eople, and Government which uude'stanos
Liberty in seuse that will not allow it TO H.
erfere with tho organization OF church
Yhen, under the pretense Of religious 1zeeoou'