davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13
PROBATE SALE.
STATE OF LOUISIANA, /

STATE OF LUUlSlANA,
PARISH or CAI,cAsIEU.
Succession Of William NJ. Nicholson.
Parish Court.
DY virtue of an order from the Hon
I'D orable Parish Court in mad for the
parish Of Calcasieu, State Of Louisiana
to me directed, Will SELL at PUB.
Lie AUCTION, to the last and highest
bidder, at the late residence Of the
deceased, on West Fork, on
Saturday, June ~, "A. -. 1874,
The following described Property,
to-wit
ONE LOG CART, one lot Black.
smiths Tools, and one Ii indred, more
or less, Cords Fire Wood,
Terms and conditions All sums pay
able sixty days from day of sale. Pur-
chaser to furnish his note, with good
and solvent security, approved by the
Curator, conditioned to bear eight per
cent. interest per annuln from maturity
till paid. Al. L. REID,
jel3 I'd Sheriff
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Wo notice that the call Tor a
convention, il this weeks paper,
says nothing Of Representatives
and parish officers n Why not 2
Echo says, why
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

For The present warm weather we
recommend III. r. Young & Co. >
vegetable toHio bitters, q tonic that
at once invigorotes the digestive
organs, improves tho appetite,
regulates Che bowels, etc. We
have tried them and found them
good 70 take.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13
a III q 3 gonvenslan.

The improperly Of the address
Of the Chairman Of The Democra-
tic Executive Committee of this
pansa IS 50 evident and plain,
that but q very few words will
convince every one that not
only is it not proper that such q
convention should not be called,
but that the Executive Committee
has, in this circumstance, mistaken
the real duty imposed upon il,
This convention is called, for
what purpose? The address says,
to choose q candidate for Senator.
Is the contest as to who shall be
d Senator to be determined in the
parish Of Calcasieu? We are well
aware that our senatorial district
is composed Of st. Landry, Lafay-
cite, Calcasieu and Cameron.
This being the case, are we, citizens
Of one Of the smallest parishes in
point Of population, to say to the
other parishes, this is our choice ;
we did not deem your advice
necessary, but made the selection,
and now tell you that you must
support this man, for he is the
choice Of tho Democracy Of Cal
casieu," Every man who is willing
to think viii quickly understand
that convention for the purpose
of selecting candidate for Sen
ator is not to be a parish conven-
ton, but district convention.
An illustration will suffice to con-
vince every one that the Executive
Democratic Committee Of this
Parish has mistaken it's duty.
When the President Of the
United States is to be elected, are
candidates for that very important
position selected from every State,
or is there a convention called il
which every State is represented,
and at which convention the choice
as to who is to Be the candidate
for that Office is made? The an
swer certainly does not favor such
q proceeding as the one sought 10
be put in force by the Democratic
Executive Committee Of this par
ish. We have not the right to
believe that because tho parish Of
st. Landry is willing to support
our candidate, that they have not
to be consulted in this very i'm
portant matter; for, certainly il
is, that except the candidate se-
lected is one that meets with their
full approval, they win not consent
to any such ca parte action. The
Democratic Executive Committee
should have called a Parish Con.
vention, which we deem would
have been proper and wise, to send
delegates to q District Democratic
Convention, after suitable arrange.
menis had been mnde between The
Executive Committees Of the Other
parishes, as to the time and place
of holding such convention but
such call as the one made, j,
binding on 10 enc, and will simply
serve to cause The other parishes
70 support candidates Of then
own choice.
ansa----~---~
WAsuTgcroN lima x Con0raea.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Recellect the succession sale Of
Michael Pithon, deceased, which
Is to take place to-day. Among
The many things 70 b disposed 81
win Do one Of the finest orange
orchards in the State. also several
beautiful building sites fronting
the lake See advertisement.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Ia The Grant parish prisoners
case, 81 Tie sth, Beckwith closed,
and il was submitted TO the jury,
after q long charge from Judge
Woods. AS hall-post six o'clock
exactly, Ia the afternoon, the jury
retired, bat at eleven Of that night
had not agreed, and Judge Woods,
who had remained an 70 that time
to receive tho verdict, il tho case
ct AH uHfh&Nhhtl uitectsd tnat
they "a locked np for the night.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Geo, n. Wells, Esq, Democratic
candidate for the State Senate Of
tlR Tenth Senatorial District, j.
expected to return on tho oath
instant.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

8. II. Read, Esq, attorney al
law, Leesburg, Cameron Parish,
Louisiana, adyertises in to-day's
paper. He offers bis services in
tho district and parish courts for
Calcasien and Cameron parishes.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Those Of our subscribers who
are in Arrears for subscription will
confer upon us q great favor by
coming forward and settling the
same. We hope an Immediate an
swer will be given to our earnest
appeal. We need a little cash, to
settle for our hash.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Sao advertisement 81 probate
sale ID another column.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13

Tho grave Mobammedan takes
slowly to The privilege Of newspa-
ers. Fnrty.three newspapers are
now published il Constantinoplo,
sixteen Of them daily, with a
combined circulation Of but only
10000,
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13
For sematoF.

We are authorized to announce Dg.
WILLIAM III. KIRKMAN, as candi
date for the State Senator for the Tenth
Senatorial District, comprising the
parishes Of Calcasieu, Cameron, Ilafay4
cite and st. Landry, at the next election
in November, 1874.
I respectfully announce mysef d
Candidate for the Office Of State Senator
Of the Tenth Senatorial District, com.
prising tile parishes Of Cameron, lafay.
cite Calcasieu md ST Landry
GEORGE FL. WELLS
hereby announce myself as o Cau.
didate for the State Senate az the on.
VA. IA. ROBERTSON.
For Parish Judge.
We are authorized to announce ri.
b. JONES, as candidate for the
Office Of Parish Judge Of Caleasieg
Parish, at the coming November elee.
ten.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13
a. IRanreaemfatiWe.

AT fine solicitation Of many Demo.
Gratis, I here By announce myself as 4
candidate to represent the parish q
Calcasieu in the next General Assems
blv, at the election in November next.
Nv. h. GILL.
The weekly echo. [volume] (Lake Charles, Parish of Calcasieu, La.) 1868-1876, 1874-06-13
oANDTpATRsl ooLUnEN.


we are authorised 10 announce a. Il.
RIED rs 4 candidate for reelection 10
the Office Of Sheriff Of this parish, If
The coming election, in Noyembef
newt
, 1874-05-30
t E L E G. r. A NJ S
ST. THOMAS STATION,

MAY G0RD 1914,
New YoRK 22nd.-It is rumored that the
British Frigates " Narcissus" and En%dymion"
are ashore at Palermo.
The Gar has left.
Monticello is slightly wounded.
Louise, son Duke Montpensier dead. Prus-
sian Diet has been prorogued The French
cabinet has been completed, including Duke
D'Audifret Pasquier; General Cissy, Minister
War Marquis Montague, Marine Boudet,
Finance-accounts somewhat confused.
Meal Al to 5.
ST. THOMAS STATION, goth May.
New York 23rd-MacMahon forms the Min
istry as follows :-Cissy, War; Decazes, Foreign
Affairs Fourton. Interior; Magne, Finance
Eugene Caillaux, Public Works Gowart, Com
merce ; Cumon, Public Instruction Adrien
Telahaud, Justice Montague, Marine.
Rentes 593.
ST. THOMAS STATION, 9th May 1874.
25th-Tbe Pope is unwell.
Princess Alice of England wife of Louis Darn
stadt, has giveu birth to a daughter.
Prince Arthur has been created Duke of Oon-
naught.
ANTIGUA, 27.-British Barquentine Elite"
Brischam, from Montserrat to London, total loss
on Bsrbuda. Crew saved.
, 1874-05-30

wouldn't He have made the distinction 2" Let
me ask B., Does the Saviour command
Infants to be baptized at all? Is it not by
inference alone that they are considered suit
able subjects of this ordinance! And if He
did not command the ordinance to be admins
tered to children, how then could he have made
a Distinctions
I do not find a single commandment in the
New Testament, which is opposed by the
rules laid down by the Brethren's Church,
but [ do find that the whole tenor of
that Book is in favor of their practice.
Thanking you, Mr.. Editor for inserting these
Articles,
I Remain
Yours very Truly,
A MORAVIAN.
May 9th 1874.
, 1874-05-30
leaving a profit Of.

Leaving a profit OF. 91O per Ton.
Two Factories are established in this
district viz. "Lareinty" and "Soudan."
"Lareinty' is one of the oldest Factories
in Martinique having been working for 10
years. It gives only ) p c. for It's canes.
Its contracts with the planters are about
to expire and it is improbable that they
will renew them upon the same conditions,
as they generally complain OF the per
centage being too low. Their properties
however, are in good cultivation and they
are free from debt. An Estate in the
neighbourhood was shown us from which
the proprietor (now RESIDENT in former
times had much difficulty in obtaining q
revenue of 9400 and which is now leased
by the Usine at 81 900, and it is probable
that this sum will be doubled at the expi-
ration of the lease.
"Soudan' situated B miles from
Lareinty is not yet completed it is
entirely built OF iron of great strength
with latest improvements and has q fine
Railway. 1t is established on the 6 D. G..
principle and has numerous adherents.
All around these Factories the evidence of
progress and improvement are palpabIe,
the lower slopes Of the hills being cleared
and planted on every side. CUISINE Ro-
bert" We had not time to visit this Fac
tory situated on the other side of the ISL
and, but in an interview with its Dlrec-
tor we learned the following facts. 1t is
calculated to make 1900 Tons and the
cost Of plant was 100000.
The percentage Of Sugar was 81 to I per cent,
Of Juice So (" u "
In 1871 Quantity Of Canes ground % 300 Tons,
In 1872 1880 &"
The quantity of Sugar made was never
theless the same, so that in 1871 the per-
centage extracted was 6.29 in 1872-7.O9
the total quantity Of Sugar made being
400 Tons, Goals used including steam
tugs l117 Tons. The cinders and residue
of press are given to planters. The ave-
rage Of Rum obtained from Molasses is 70
y. C.
, 1874-05-30

steadily adhered 10 the prlpclpl6 VI WlUuuOluIl5
baptism from children born out of wedlock,
except upon the following conditions, viz ~
when parents we're married, their children
born before marriage were baptized or ~ if the
parents gave evidence of true repentance
by forsaking their evil ways and uniting with
the church, or, ~ if the child was adopted by
some responsible member of the church, so
that the proper spiritual care and training of
the child might be secured. When, therefore,
they ceased b~aptizing unlawful children in
1858, it was simply returning to their original
practice.
Further, the Exposition of Christian Doc
%trine,' from which Verify quotes, was written
about one hundred years ago, and expresses the
views ofour brethren in the home congregations
upon the subject of Infant Baptism. Such an
event as an illegitimate birth so rarely occur
red there, that any remark on that point would
not have been thought necessary. If such an
event did take place it was invariably dealt
with according to the rule stated above.
The quotations, cited by Verify, therefore,
instead Of proving that the principles of the
Morayian Church oblige them to baptize the
children of the g" yilest miscreanL" living in
immoraIity,-on The contrary, prove that they
are compelled to take special care that proyi-
sion be made that the children baptized by
them, be trained for tie Sariour from the
YER, hour OF their baptism "HoW can TINS
be done" asks Verify, when baptism IS re-
fused to someI We ask, ho~ can this be
done when the parents are living II adultery or
concublnagr, IN open Violation and lrl ns8res-
SION OF the oavIour's viii and commandments
what training can there be, tor the Saviour,
under such circumstances
A careful perusal ii the Article from winch
Verify quotes, viii, I am sure, convince him.
and every candid reader, that his application
IS a mistaken one
Let me not be misunderstood repeat
here, what IS stated above, that where there
are guarantees that the children WI! be rightly
trained ana brought mp, the IoF2VIan Cnurch'
as understand It, docs not refuse paPtIsn TO
any ot She does feel GATED upon to bear
uneqqIyocai testimony against aIl lmmoraIIy'
ana heoc'' Wi'14oilS lhs privileges OF iue
Churoh from All VINO are Iea4iag lAmofal ives
Aour Correspondents closing parable, ana
query, IS, as ne says, easily e4s"gFea. In
1aoV3 ne answers II HlLnSe'' ~4a an l1e Tree
goou ana IFS Ifltt VIII oe gooa, ms II JUST
what the bf3thfen'8 churca desires 70 49,
1ney 90 net SUBJECT 'ihc sour ltUI1 ~ AN
oraeai mat VIII destroy H. (onIess II can
be shown that children dying Ha0aPIzeo VIII Dc
lost an assertion thai few would venture 10
make IN these days. iou', they dc sUoJ2ol LAe
Tree Itself to 4 process calculated 20 MAKE me
, 1874-05-30

ordinance of the Government forbids the
telling of this), and as a natural conse-
quence it is abundantly supplied with
running water. The soil resulting from
the disintegration of the Volcanic rocks is
a stiff, red clay. All the old Sugar Mills
are worked by water power. The canes
in this valley are Of a rank, luxuriant
growth, but the juice is of a low specific
gravity averaging about 80 Beaume. In
the private works in this district it is cal
culated that one Ton Of Sugar costs in
expense OF cultivation $40.
l Ton Sugar expense cultivation 9lO.
and for general expenses .--... " A.,
E IA.
The quality Of sugar made, sold in 1872
at 922 per Ton. Each Ton of sugar gives
SO gallons Molasses, which made into
Rum is worth so,
Produce. $500. G24
Deduct Expenses. IA
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08
MUED. MCLEOD, Secretary.


The Conservatives OF Eladen county
met i'll Convention on the 2Sth OF
April, 1874, at Elizabethtown. n. c.
The meeting was called 10 order and
Robt. III. Lyon, Esq, elected Chair
man, who, upon taking his seat, briefly
explained the object Of the meeting.
Taylor w. Johnson, Esq, was request
ed to act as Secretary of the Con
vention.
The following named gentlemen were
appointed delegates to represent the
county in the judicial and Congress
mington and Magnolia on the 9TH and
9Th of May next, viz:
w Purdie, L ID Love, Jr. W o
Robson, W B Hester, Il L Jones,
Gilmore Edwards, Jno II Ballentine,
Nj Blackmon, ID Currie, G W Elkins,
Hugh McCalIum. DIR Neill Graham, J
" Russ, John Elkins, J II Pritchett,
j d Chilean, L Devane, J J d Lu-
cas-, J F Groom, DR. Fred Thompson.
? l. Cromartie, Chas 2 Parker, John
NJ Whitfield, G III Stevens, John L
Melvin, Mel Tatom, Chas T Davis,
John L Council, M n Tatom, G. c
Lyon, j Ct Blue and George Gro
martie.
On motion, the Chairman and Sec
rotary were added to the list of dele
gates.
The following were elected an Elk
ecntive Committee for the county:
Z ID Love, r III Lyon, J H Smith,
John D Currie, John A Edwards, J II
Pritchett, j J D Lucas, Chas P Par
ker, Il NJ Tatom, Chas T Davis and
Robt TAFT.
The Secretary was directed to fur
nlsh copy of the proceedings of the
Convention to the DAILY JOURNAL and
Wo1ming s ar, and request their pub
llcatlGn. TAYLOR w. JOHNSON.
Secretarv
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08
NeiII. Jno Williams, I'll l. Hall, Daniel

NELL, Jno Williams, FL L Hail, Daniel
Mcdonald.
Senatorial-Jas M Mcclellan. Wal
ter J Smith. Mel! McDougs!d, Horton
Mum, Ashford Carney.
BEAVER DAM.
Congressional-Mo Smith. Sion
Horne. D L Billiard, VIM Buliard,
Samuel Vinson. -
Judicial-James NJ Jessup, VIM II
Billiard, P p Hall, Irwin Melvin. W L
Senatorial-H C Taircloth, Haywood
Hall, Alex Hales, G Faircloth, Henry
Jones.
On motion it was resolved that any
Conservative of Cumberland that may
be at the Conventions be conslder' q
delegate from his Township.
On motion the Chairman OF each
Committee was added to the list OF
delegates. 80 -,
On motion the Convention ratified
the appointments that were made.
On motion the second Saturday III
June was appointed as the time Tor
holding the County Convention IN
FAYETTEVILLE to nominate County of1l-
GERS and members of the Legislature,
and that the different Townships be
requested to send delegates.
The Convention then adjourned sine
die.
W. G.. MCDUFFIE, Chairman.
JNo. G. HAIGH, Jr., Secretary.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08
IT OH TIC VHTt :
An Island OF Gold.

Some two mouths since two Calfor-
MIA gentlemen who had been on il fish
ing expedition returned TO San Fran
cisco, bringing few pieces of Sol>t
aud silver ore and some specimens of
gaIcna. While on their voyage they
came upon an island III the i;;:,uLea,
group and went ashore. Exp fenced
miners. th:'r recognized siGus % gold
and prospected rs much, using a
hatoh4t, is t!lcT could without exc; !
ing the attention Of tie rest OF TIE
crew. They found rich gold AID. 81
Yer bearing lodges.
Telling their story i'll San Francisco,
a company Was soon formed for the
purpose of landing an expedition on
this island OF gold. The schooner
Nautilus was purchased and proper y
fitted, the gentleman gold discoverers
placed in command, each agreeing to
go without compensation other than
i certain number OF shares III the
col4pany's stock. The Grew is made
mp OF ten seamen, including two min
ing experts.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08
The Veto.

A Courier-J Journal Washington spe-
cial enumerates as the consequences of
the veto of the Senate currency bill,
the following:
First The certain failure of the Sen
ate bill to become a law.
Second probable failure of any
other measure, such as the two bills
passed by the House of Representa-
tives, one legalizlng the 800, 900
of greenback circulation, and the other
providing for free banking.
Third-The rupture of the Republi-
can party, with the most disastrous
consequences to them IN the Congress
siopal elections.
Fourth-The present state of uncer-
tanty among business men, IA paralysis
of business and the continued sntfer-
ing of the debtor c'ass III the South
and West.
The session Of Congress Will pass
away without any beneficial act OF leg
| islation for the people.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08
from the Msn,pii. At'res'.

hrom the drbtphtt A!t''%'-
DesaInti@.a al the fEississiPpi o's-
Iamd-sGeip Ss.e 90 Negroes.
IT is stated that l. ,k,- Eii!.:a!'' ana
one-fifth of the t.oHriy 0f G,' cot. = X
ansas. are wholly submerged. Cattle,
horses, wild ANIMALS and even barn
ward fowls, arr I'LL ,i,Sir .>.d, ;'!''' '.'+
people suffer for the commonest neces-
saries of life. 1t is estimated that
five million acres Il cotton tHif WllI
not lie cultivated because of this dis
astrous flood, ami that the .'tion crop
Of next year w!!l b. !.s-t'I,d iDrri.npa
million bales Pianlrr> from :ilc
lowlands state that there nrt thirty
thousand farm laborers i'll absolute
waut-all see king exit tIOin stibuIerS' Il
districts and muit:tusies unable tu pay
their passage to this city. A planter
whose estate was worth, not lLng ago,
sixty thousand dollars, came pcnniless
on a steamer to Memphis. He had ex-
pended everything III furnishing food
to negroes, and then, hopeless and
helpless, he left them to starve or e>'-
cape as best they could, in the midst
of a sea of waters. The suspension of
business by banks mad Withdrawn
money from circulation, aud the least
possible was found in the lowlands.
Even before the overflow there was I'M
eXampled want in the midst of these
rich estates, and now the white
people that remain i'll their desolated
homes are pale with anxiety, or be-
| caus so long exposed to the action OF
this humid atmosphere. 1t is needless
now to look abroad for objects of char
| ity. They are at our very doors. 1t
sounds well to make money jingle over
| the wires, and contirent listens when
it is transmitted by telegraph to New
| Orleans, but Boston and Memphis alike
would do well to direct their benefac-
tons to objects in whose behalf no
newspapers speak, and from whom no
press dispatches are sent resonant of
| hunger and wretchedness. There are
no Chambers of Commerce of Howard
Associations to the jungles of sub
merged Arkansas and Mississippi
swamps to enact sonorous resolutions
of thanks for charities dispensed, but
there are ignorant, helpless, half-clad,
weary, emaciated negroes, whom pol
iticians now and then love very tender
ly, looking out hopelessly from wretch
ed little cabins, and dying by inches in
the lowlands, with the rise and fall of
| the tawny waters OF the relentless
river. If men do good for its own
sake, and not that fame may herald
abroad their deeds, ct those wretched
blacks share blessings of generosity
with the starving people Of New Or
| leans.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08
ARKANSAS.
PROGRESS OF THE WAR AT
LITTLE ROCK.
TUE SITUATION BE COMM G
VERY SERIOUS.

LITTLE Rock, May 2-Noon-Fed-
eral troops are still between the con-
testants. Gen. Pagan, formerly Con-
federate Major General, assumed COM
mand of the Brookites throughout
the State. He calls upon his old COM
rades to rally. Both parties are wait
ing for something from Washington.
A cartel for an exchange of prisoners
has been agreed upon and all have
been released.
A special despatch from Little Rock,
says that three of Bakers troops were
killed in the the battle at New Gucony.
Capt. VanDess. and one leader on the
side of the troops. were dangerously
wounded. He had been Colonel in
the Federal army.
The Gazette remarks cditC rally that
the war is opened and will extend
throughout the State unless the Preei-
dent takes speedy action iii the mat,
ter. Sheriff Vaughn was arrested yes
terday by King White and imprison' d
! The city is getting rather unsafe, PEG
pie being shot at every nj & 1T, with
either shot guns or pistols. King
Whites proc 'amatiOn of martial NV III
Jefferson Dunty is published.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1874-05-08

Horace Maynard, the Narragansett
chief, is a candidate for the vacant
place on the Court Of Claims bench
By all means let him have, and thus
rid Tennessee of his presence.
A Minnesota Granger protests that
if dancing is to be allowed in Oranges
after business, it will kill the Order in
one year. He calls dancing the fowery
entrance gate TO hell.
Brooks, one of the Governors of Ar
kansas, was, in 1851 pastor of Metho-
dist church i'll Burlington, Iowa. He
left there i'll August, 1862.
The upper chamber of the Balti-
more City Council appropriated
s25, 900 on Monday, for the Louisiana
sufferers.
The sage Thoreau sagaciously re-
marked that the thing most needed in
these days is "a better style of men
and women"
A number of nervous invalid in Co
lumbus, O., recently published a card
complaining of the excessive tOlling of
church bells on Sundays and during
the week. This had the effect of stop
ping the tolling of bells altogether, ex-
cepting to call Injecting" twice on the
Sabbath.
In the Senate of Virginia, Monday
night, the House bill to require the
Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad
to deposit with the State bonds in the
amount of So, 5000 to ensure the
completion of the Cumberland Gap
Railroad, was defeated by an over
wheln1ing majority.