davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-07-20
RICHMOND. ERED'G 6 POTOMAC r. r. Col
OFFICE GENERAL TICKET AGENT,
RICHMOND. June 8, 1S74.1
SCHEDULE OF, TRAINS.

klChHoND. june ., 1S7A.y
SCHEDULE OF TRAINS.
7:3O A. NJ, BALTIMORE EXPRESS leaves
Broad. Street station (Suudtys ex--
cepted).
2s5 P. NJ, DAY MAIL leaves Byrd-strees sta
lI:o5 P. NJ, NIGHT MAIL leaves Byrd-street
s.i, station Sundays excepted. ,sp.
fSleeptng car attached through t. Baltimore
BertiIs 81. j is-HE sy.i ~ p g8q
500 r. NJ, ACCOMMODATION. TRAIN for
HanoverJunct0n. leaves Broad Street
station Sundays exccptedj.
1850 A. NJ, NIGHT MAIL arrives r8yrd-Street
station iMondays excepied)
1880 P. NJ, DAY NJ ALL arrives al Is! ristreet Sta
1880 P. 81, Ba BAL EXPRESS arrives at
broad-street station (sundays except
s:s7A.M., ACcoMMoDATIoN TRAIN arrives
\. ut Broad-street station tSundays exc
Cepted).
M0ND AND BALrlMORE. fF4s3
FREIGHT TRAINS leave Dr0ad-Street station
DAILY Sundays excepted) ut $3.50 A. III. connect
Ing at Quantico with the Alexandrla snd Fre!e-
rickspurg railway for Baltimore; Returning, viii
arrive at Broad-Street station ut 815 r. 81.
Through bills Of ladng and rates given to all
principal points North and West.
BY order Of General Superintendent.
les General Freight and Ticket gent
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-07-20

uTEDDING AND VISITING CARDS.
besat.sul OF the DIS patch Printing! agsS
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-07-20
flLD DOMINION STEAMSHIP S{KTN
~ COMPANY. seS
FOR NEW YORK.

This company win dispatch one Of their splsnds u
HE'LL. RICHMOND, ALBEMARLE. HATTIE
RAS. and GEORGE w. ELDER tbuiidiBg-eyery
TUESDAY, FRIDAY, and SUNDAY at high
These ships are entirely new, and were built ez.
They have splendid saloons, stateroems. and bah.
The fare, accommodations, and attention are I'M
surpassed. ..s.,,,
AT New York on the Company's covered pasr, 81
Freights for points beyond New York forHarded
With dispetch, and no charge maae excepa actaA'
Freight received until 9 P. n. daily.
For further iniormall0n, apply 70 Il
GEORGE W. ALLEN q CO.. Agents,
ma office Gonpapv's wharvrs. Rnrketts. I
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-07-20

Correspondence Of the Richmond DispatchJ
Several More Things about the Educa-
tfonaI AssociatiOn-Thc Teachers OF
Virginia a Rich Treasure-A Visit to
the Navy Yartf-On the United States
ship New Hampshire, tkc.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1874-07-20
NAMES RIVER STEAMBOATesI1sg
u COMPANY.
TRI-WEEKLY LINE.
SUMMER SCHEDULE.

TRI-WEEhL1 LINE.
SUMMER SCHEDULE.
FOR OLD POINT, vUE DE L'EAU, NORFOLK,
PORTSMOUTH, BALTIMnhh, pHiLA-
DELPHIA, AND NEW YORK,
ALSO FOR
REGULAR LANDINGS ON JAMES RIVER.
On and after WEDN EsDAY, July LIST, 1874,
this Company's fast anO elegant steamer JOHN
SYLVESTER, Captain j. A. POST, carrying
United States Mail and Adams Express, viii leave
wharf, Rockets, for aboye-named points MON
DAYS, WEDNESDAYS, and FRIDAYS ut 8 A..
81.
at Norfolk for Baltimore, Philadelphia, and NcS
York s,oo
Fare to Vue de FEau...... Ky
Fare to Old Point. .................'... S0
Round trip tickets. ...........::...' oV
FAKE To NORFOLK ONLY. w
FARE TO NORFOLK AND RE-
Fare TO Baltimore. w
Fare to Philadelphia. oV
Fare to New York.. Il pU
Tickets for sale on steamers, at CARRIER q 70
Ticket Agency, Main street, and Exchange Aotei
and baggage checked through. Frelght rsceiYea
aud arm n
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Normandy Picturesqueness.

In Through Normandy" Miss Mac
quoid thus describes the market-people
at Dieppe: cit is market-day, and
there is q most picturesque array of
country women, who look as if they all
belonged to the sea, they are so coarse
and hard featured. Their dress is won
derfulIy full of low-toned color, with
perhaps bright-colored cotton haudker-
chiefs tied over their heads, and blue
and one or two black and scarlet striped
skirts. One wonders where painters
have seen the gaudy hues in which they
sometimes depict Norman peasant wo-
men. Black, dark, and blue, and sort
of gr; enish gray are almost the univer-
sal colors seen in skirts all over the
province the aprons black, gray, lilac
or blue. In La Haute Normandie, the
short, loose jacket is worn by all, and
this is always of black or dark-gray
stuff. The color lies in the aprons, or
where bright-colored square of cotton
is tied over the cap. In Basse Norman
die, especially in Calvados and La
Manche, whC re the neckerchief is still
worn across the shoulders in place of
the iacket-this is usually bright color
ed scarlet or orange mingled with black.
The 'indiennes' they wear for this pur-
pose cost often five shillinps or six
shillings, and are treasured for years,
and worn only on market days and festi-
vals; but scarlet petticoat is not often
seen. The Normans are much too thrift
ty to wear any but dark-colored gowns,
unless indeed it be a lavender cotton,
and this is always of a pale, subdued
tint. It is the wonderful neatness and
iauntiness which pervade the whole COS
tune of even the poorest, from the
black wooden sabots to the snowy bon
net de cotton, with its tassel a little on
one side, that make the Norman peasant
so admirably suited as contrast and re-
lief to the QUAINT, rickety wooden
houses and mouldering gray stone won
ders of past times, among which she
lives, the colors of her dress always in
harmony with the surroundings and
the men with their blouses and trousers,
often faded to greenish hues, with many
patches of the same color, but of differ
ent tint, are Just as harmonious objects
as the women are. Their skins, too,
warm as if the sun had borne its own
reflection into them, their vicacious, in
telligent eyes and ready smile, and the
intensely Frightening effect of the pure
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
The Costumes and Manners of the
Good Old Times.

The tradesmen before the revolution
were a different race from the present.
They were none of them ashamed of
their leather aprons. Faded buckskin
breeches, once radiant in yellow splen-
dors, checked shirts, and red flannel
Jackets were the common wear of most
working-men. All the hired women
wore short gowns and linsey-woolsey
petticoats. Calf-skin shoes were the
exclusive property of the gentry. The
servants wore cowhide. Toothbrushes
were unknown. The better sort were
content to rub the teeth with chalked
rag or with snuff. 1t was commonly
thought effeminate for men to clean the
teeth at all. Not only the registering
cavalier but the quiet citizens were fond
of certain bravery in dress. Men wore
cooked hats and wigs, coats with large
cuffs and big skirts, lined and stiffened
with buckram. The coat of beau had
three large plaits in the skirts, wadded
profuse1y to keep them smooth, with
low collars 10 show off the fine linen
cambria stoCk and the largest silver
buckle on the back of the neck. The
shirt was rufaed to the wrists. The
breeches hao SILVER, stone, or paste
set with stones, were generally worn.
No cotton fabrics were then known.
Stockings were of thread or silk in sum-
mer and of worsted in winter. Surtouts
were never worn, but they had cloth
great-coats instead, or brown camlet
cloaks, with green baize lining. In the
time of the revolution many OF the
American officers introduced the use OF
Dutch blankets for great coats. In win
ter gentlemen wore little woolen mutfs
to protect their hands. It was not un-
common to see old people, with large
silver buttons on their coats and vests,
with their initials engraved on each but
ton. The ladies all wore large pockets
under their gowns, and white aprons.
No color but black was ever made up
for ST K or satin bonnets. Fancy colors
were unknown and white silk bonnets
had never been seen. The use of lace
wells did not commence until the pres
ent century. Ladies' shoes were made
of silk or russet, stitched with white
waxed thread and having wooden heels.
The sols-leather was worked with the
flesh side out. Subscription balls be-
came very fashionable soon after the
revolution. No gentlemen under twen-
tv-one and no lady under eighteen were
admitted. The supper cor sisted of tea,
chocolate, and rusks. Everything was
conducted by six married managers.
They distributed places by lot and ar
ranged the partners for the evening.
The gentlemen drank tea with the par
ents of their partners the day after the
ball, which gave the chance for more
lasting acquaintance.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
A Dense Farming Population.

The valley of the Po extends from
east to west across the Italian PENN
suls, from the Apennines to the Adri-
attic distance, on an airline, of nearly
three hundred miles. The width of the
valley between the mountain walls
which bound the plain averages about
ely hty-five miles and it contains some
thing like $4,000 square miles of land,
as level and rich as the prairies of Illi-
nois. The mountain-slopes and valleys
which are cultivated and densely popu-
lated, will add about four thousand
square miles to the Po valley-making
in all thirty thousand square miles of
arabic land. or an area something larger
than ..the state of Indiana. On this
plain, and within these mountain-con-
fines, there live and are subsisted twelve
millions of souls! This aree is scarcely
as large as Ireland, but it supports
twice the population of that thickly in
habited island. It contains as many
people as the ten western states, in
Guiding Ohio and Wisconsin, while its
territory is but the size of the smallest
of them. The. ten western states, if
populated as densely as the valley of
the Po, would contain 900. 900, 900 of
nhabitants-that is to say, 1000 to the
square mile.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Truant Children.

A new law in reference to truant chill
dren is about to go into effect in New
York city. 1t is designed to clear the
streets of the young vagrants who,
growing up without care, furnish many
recruits to the criminal classes. The
law gives the board of education au-
thority over all children between the
ages of 8 and IA who are found wander
ing about the streets and public places
during school hours, having no lawful
occupation or business, amt growing up
in ignorance. These children the
board may order to be taught in the
schools like ordinary pupils, or they
may be instructed in useful trades, or
they may be put in confinement and ed
ucated there. The agency of the police
force is availed for of the enforcement
of this new law.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Fashionable Misery.

A correspondent saws: 4: 1.-THE most
interesting picture Rt Saratoga are the
bellies in their last decline, and yet they
never seem to know when the last sea
son has expired, for, like the gambler
when all is gone, they still haunt the
shrines of former triumphs. Time
blanches their cheeks and wrinkles the
face, and the dignity of womanhood is
lost in the vain attempt 10 not let the
girl escape. Oh | the sad, cad sorrows
of fashionable woman in the days OF
her decline, when she sees younger and
fairer rivals carrying of the prizes
which she has striven so hard to hold
during the long years The gay women
of the world, such as flutter at Sarato-
ga, have as little time for reading and
reflection as the sister who tolls for her
bread. One was heard 10 say, i know
am wasting life. If / had genius /
would work for fame, but what can / do
without it except make myself agreea-
ble?' She must have meant attractive
to the eye, for the time is spent in eat
ing, drinking, riding, and adjoining the
person. The poor mind is left to thitt
for itself"
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Table Customs.

While certain forms of table etiquette
may seem altogether conventional, ever
fantastic, the forms usually observed
are founded on good sense and adapted
to general convenience. Table etiquette
is not, as is often alleged, merely q
matter of fashion, although some things
that were in vogue generation or two
ago are nolonger deemed polite. The rea-
son is that manners AMI table furniture
have undergone so many changes have
really so much improved, as to require
a mutual readiustment. For example,
everybody was accustomed twenty or
thirty years since to use the knife to
carry food to the mouth, because the
fork of the day was not idapted to the
purpose. Since the Introduction of the
| four-tined silver fork it has 80 entirely
the latter, in that way, is not only
superfuous, but is regarded as a vul-
garism.
uance of the custom of turning tea or
coffee from the cup into the saucer.
Although small plates we're frequently
not at all in general use and even
was likely to be spilled upon the cloth.
The habit, likewise, of putting ones
knife into the butter arose from the fact
that the butter-knife proper had not
been thought of. Such customs as
these, once necessitated by circum-
stances, are now obviously inappro-
pirate.
Certain habits, however are regulated
hUr on nd aR
and the failure to adopt them argues a
lack of fine perception or social insight.
One of these is eating or drinking audi
bly,. No sensitive person can hear any
one taking his soup, coffee, or other
liquid without positive annoyance. Yet
those who would be very unwilling to
stantly guilty of such breach of polite
sensitive as those with whom they come |
in contact. They would not be disturb |
ed by the offense; they never imagine, |
therefore, that any one else can be. It |
is for them that rules of etiquette are |
particularly designed. We're their in
stinct correct, they would not need the !
rule, which, from the absence of in
stinct. appears to them irrational, pure
~
To rest ones elbow on the table is
more than transgression of courtesy
it is an absolute inconvenience to ones
neighbors. All awkwardnesses of posi-
ton, such as sitting too far back from
or leaning over the table, are reckoned
rudeness, because they put others i'll at
ease through fear of such accidents as
are liable to happen from any uncouth-
ness.
Biting bread or cake, instead of cut
ing or breaking it into mouthfuls, is
since it offends our sense of
orm or fitness.
These and kindred matters are trifes;
put social life is so largely composed of
rifles that to disregard them wholly is
serious affront. We can hardly realize
O what extent our satisfaction or dis
is made up of things in
themselves insignificant until their OBJ
ervance or non-observance is brought
lirectly to us.-Scribner's Monthly.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Fossil Mammals of Colorado.

Some remarkable and gigantic ami
mails related to the rhinoceros and the
Eobasileus have been recently discov-
cred by Prof. Cope in the Bad Lands of
Colorado. There are seven species, six
of which are referred to the new genus
Symborodon, and one to Miobasileus,
also new. While related to the rhino-
ceros, these creatures were higher on
the legs, and had comparatively short
necks; it is also not unlikely that they
possessed short proboscis. What rem
dered their physiOgnomy most striking
was the presence of horns, in pairs, on
the front of the head. The cores are
preserved in the specimens of all the
species, and are very various in their
forms. In Miobasileus they stand over
the eye; in Symborodon over the side
of the face or the snout. The smallest
species is S. acer, whose horn cores are
foot long, round, and curving outward
on eaah side of the snout. It was about
the size of the Indian rhinoceros. The
largest species was equal to the ele-
phant. It's horns were fattened in one
plane, and its cheek-bones were enor-
mously expanded, so as to form huge
projection on each ride of the face, and
give the muzzle a wedge shape. The
eyes were compelled to look obliquely
upward. The s. altirostris was nearly
ss large its horns were round and
straight, and the muzzle exceedingly
short and high, so that the eye was very
far forward. S. trigonoceras had three
cornered horns, which rolled outward,
and but little upward. 1t was little
smaller than the preceding. S. pelo-
ceras had mere knobs in the position of
horns. The muzzle was longer.
These animals are interesting as con-
firming the conclusions reached by the
discovsrer of Eobasileus, as to the rela-
tionships of This remarkable form and
its affiaes. The whole structure shows
that the peculiarities of Eobasileus, by
which it differs from the other prObos-
cidians, are to be found in the rhino-
ceros and these, its extinct allies, and
not among the cloven-footed types.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Telegraphs in Times of War.

The Paris correspondent of the Lon
don Times says So Russia, it is an
nounced, intends to submit the question
of the naturalization of telegraphs dur
ing the war to the international tele-
graph conference to be held next year
ct St. Petersburg. Before the outbreak
of the war of 1870 the United States
government proposed that submarine
Gables should be placed under the pro-
lection of international law, and on the
conclusion of peace it again urged the
consideration of the matter on the Eu-
ropean governments. The latter showed
little inclination to entertain it, but re-
ferred it to the international congress
held at Rome in December, 1871. At
that conference Mr.. Cyrus W. Field.
the American delegate, proposed that
not only submarine, but land telegraphs
should be declared neutral in time OF
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Increase of insanity in England.

In a very interesting paper on this
subject, t. Harrington luke, the presi-
dent of the Psychological association,
makes the following statements In the
recent report of the commissioners of
lunacy, tending to show that a great
wave of insanity is slowly advancing,
various reasons have been suggested to
explain this increase, among which the
following are worthy of mention:
1t has been assumed that the congre-
cation of large bodies of workmen in
towns and cities, the confinement aris-
ing from the nature of their toll, and
the restrictions of their space have
given us a degenerate population, sub
iect TO mental disease. But this is not
altogether so. Such causes would in
duce idiocy in children and diminish
the average duration of human life, but
would not necessarily induce insanity
in men of mature years. Moreover, it
is by no means certain that the inhabit-
ants of the crowded city are more prone
to mental disorders than the inhabitants
of agricultural districts.
The emigration of the adult popula
ton, which has been steadily increasing
during the last half century, may also
udN6 udu BOUlb bAAtbo AN-
turns, but it cannot be O great one. If
emigration takes to other and kindred
shores some of the finest of our peRsan-
try, the best of our workmen, it also
fortunately tempts the unstable, the
enthusiastic, the adventurous, the dis
appointed who, perhaps, remaining here,
tretful and desrairing, would have swol-
len the number of insane.
l,-,o1KHans1 hoe hann 06uQnna1
that the progress of civilization and the
spread of education among the masses
have, with a greater activity of brain,
produced a corresponding increase OF
nervous exhaustion and disease. This
is a melancholy theory it would un.
settle our belief in the onward progress
of mankind; /; it would shake the very
foundation of our faith. Such theory
receives no support from statistics. If
intellectual training and mental exer-
ton were causes Of insanity, then II
should be more frequent in those ranks
in which, during the last half century,
the mental powers have been so much
more cultivated and exercised. The
statistics of lunacy show, on the con-
trary, that the increase of insanity has
been amongst the poorer classes only.
This increase has been notably great
during the last two years. fear the
explanation is to be found in higher
wages, and the consequent means of un-
due indulgence. But there is another
aspect to this view. 1t may be that the
inexorable laws of supply and demand,
while giving more than due wages to
some of the working class, plunge
others into dire distress, which in time
saps their strength, both physically and
mentally, and ultimately makes them
denizens of the mad-house.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
How He Took His Bath.

The Cape May Wave relates the fol-
lowing incident "Among the excur-
sions That came down from Wilmington
by steamer was an unevenly-weighed
man and wife-she, 300 avOirdupois /;
he, scarcely 100 pounds would poise.
Well, they must bathe, of course /;
what were the trips to Cape May with
out an ocean dip? A bath-house was
secured. By tight squeezing our fat
lady got into a bathing-robe that was
ready to burst at every step. Little
husband girded about his body wooden
garment that fit like shirt on a XII
deer. Down they go, bold as couple
of whales, to the water; but just at
the oceans edge Puny suddenly ha ted,
looked with awe on the furious billows,
and then into the face of his determined
three hundred. On her countenance
were the words Come on ! On his
trembling lips shivered the sounds ::
oh, no 2 The small speciVen of d.
minutive husbandry feared to risk his
diminutive portion of flesh and bones
in the dashing foam, lest some unlucky
billow might swallow him down like
snipe. 'You shall go in, said the fat
woman. Il won't, said skinny, at the
same time making frantic efforts to tear
away; down he goes into the sand,
scratching worse than a Kilkenny cat.
Down drops the 800 upon terrified
bones, slick as hawk upon a spring
chicken. The sand few, legs kicked,
man screamed yet in spite of all the
mammoth wife gathered her 100 pounds
of furious sweetness in her arms,
walked complacently to the biggest
breakers, and kersouse she landed him
headforemost into the sea, and as he
popped up to the surface, balf stran-
eled, she pressed him to her bosom,
saying: Now, honey, that's what you
came all the way from Wilmington to
enjoy"
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Victor Hugoesque.

A writer in Lippincott's gives this bur
lesque Of Hugo's recent style: What
a precipice of the past Descent lugu-
brious Dante would hesitate at IL.
The Ego, the Hugo, does not. The
Niagara flows from a sea and falls into
an abyss. The Rhine flows from an
abyss and falls into a fat. Paroxysmal
paradox. The Lurlei sings at 81. Goar,
and the bugpiper plays the bugpipe at
the First of Fourth. The 14th July de-
Iiyered the 10th August thUndered /;
TIE 21st September established. l7e9,
1898, 1880. In 1890 a child was aban-
doned on the rocks Of Portland, IN loOO
the rocks of Portland we're broken iAio
Portland cement. and in 1S45 the Port
land vase waH cemented, after being
broken by a young man named William
IIoyd. John Brown Montgolfer, dlschy-
Ius, Bug Jargal, Job. The facts appear,
"a connected with the Rhine, to the au'
thor's grave"
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-10-09
Old Letters.

Lord Cockburn writes in his memoirs:
81 have all my life had bad habit of
preserving letters and keeping them all
arranged and docketed, but seeing the
future use that is often made of papers,
especially by friendly biographers, who
rarcly hesitate to sacrifice confidence
and dslicacy to the promotion of sale
and excitement, I have long resolved
to send them up the chimney in the
form of smoke, and yesterday the SEN
tence was executed. have kept Rich
ardson's and Jeffrey's and some CORES
pondence 1 had during important passa-
ges of our Scotch progress; but the
rest, amounting to several thousand, can
now, thank God, enable no venality to
publish sacred secrets, or to stain fair
regulations by plausible mistakes. Yet
old friends cannot be parted with with
ont pang. The sight of even the out
sides of letters of fifty years recalls a
part of the interest with which each
was received in its day, and then ami
hllation makes one start as if one had
suddenly reached the age of final obliv.
ion. Nevertheless, as packet after
packet smothered the fire with its ashes,
and gradually disappeared in dim va
por, / reflected that my correspondents
were safe, and I was pleased"