davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
limestone Land,

With Comfortable improvements, and is conve-
nient to Market Churches, Mills and Schools
The neghborhood is one of the most agreeable in
the Valley of Virginia.
All Growing Crops to be reserved, with the right
TO secure aud remove the same.
At the same time and place, will be offered some
II or - ACRES OF LAND, 20 be laid of in
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
Executors Notice.

HAVING qualified as Executor OF the late
Mrs. Mary Wright, hereby notify parties
indebted 10 her estate to make payment and credi-
tors of the estate to present their claims duly au-
thenticated
June q, lsT4-3t. WIN. L. WILSON,
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04

MARINERS In want Of Mccormick Reaper and
Mower Castings, Repairs. &c, sh ould leave
their orders early with us-otherwise they may
be disappointed.
June 6, 1874. DUKE GALLAHER.
TENHr best Reapers, Mowers and lIorse-Rakes 10
be found in the market for sale BY
June 6. 1874. DUKE 4 GALLAHER.
MARINERS will find everything in the way of
Harvest supplies in our line-such as Scythes
and Stones Tinware, &c.
June 6. 1874. DUKE & GALLAHFR.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
eco ACRES
Comfortable Dwelling

and the necessary OUT-BUILDINGS,
..Sf5A and fine ORCHARD of Apple, Pear
ssss Peach and Cherry Trees. There are a
,,s,bsa number of FiNE SPRINGs upon said farm
~-A-fSS one OF which is near the house, and also
Running Water.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
NOTICE.

+ TAKE this method to inform my friends and
customers in general that have not moved
on Main street. but am still at my residence, one
square from Mr. Jacob Starrys store on the Lee
t6wn road, doing all kinds Of
WATCH.
CLOCK, AND
JEWELRX
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
Public Sale
OF Two Valuable Houses and
Lots in Charlesto1n.

IN pursuance Of Decree Of the Circuit Court
| Ct Jefferson County. pronounced on the 10Th
day of April. 1874. in the case Of Joseph C.. Raw
Tins &C., Plaintiffs. rs F. W Drew and others
Defendants, in chaneery, the undersigned ap-
pointed by said Decree for she purpose, will on
Saturday, July 18th, 1874,
In front of The Court HoGsc, in Charostown. make
SALE at Public Auction, to the highest bidder Of
the two Houses and Lots in the bill and proceed
ings mentioned, being the same of which Catha-
rinc NJ. Rawlins died seized, and living on Law
renee street in said town. The Houses are comfort
able DWELLING HOUSES in a desirable part
o. the town. They will be sold separately as d.
rec.cd by che Decree.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04

REPAIRING,
At prices that defy competition. will work
cheaper than any man in the State OF West Fir-
ginia. Tor the same amount oi work. Parasols,
Umbrellas, Vioins, &C., repaired. $500.
June II, lS74--ly. W. W. BUhTONs
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
C0ND TRACT contains
225 ACRES

OF LAND, (more or less, with Running Water
across the farm, and adjoins the property OF Geo.
". Tate, William II. Moore, George w. Eichel-
berger and Francis Gardner, Esqs. Said Farm is
OF the FIRST QUALITY of
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04

IUST received lot Of fine Pocket Knives at
81 low prices. Call and examine
June 49, 1874. W. :. MASON.
MALT Ext. Bottled Ale and London Porter for
vi medicinal purposes. Cigars aud Tobacco
Specially ,
Jure ~. 1874. W. 8. MASON.
DARIS Green sure shot for Potato Bugs for
sale BY W. ). MASON.
A FULL line Of Patent Medicine ALWAYS on
y hand. Nothing but the purest medicines
dispensed
June 10, 1874. W. ;. MASON.
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
5000 #. Seasoned Pine Lumber,

And very many other articles Of Household and
Kitchen Furniture, making altogether srch a col
lection as i. rarely offered at Public Auction
At the same time and place we shall
Virginia free press. (Charlestown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1832-1916, 1874-07-04
Boot and shoe Making.

rINHE undersigned who stood at his post in The
rsnks Of the LIST Virginia Cavalry during tn
struggle for Southern independence, and being
incapacitated for out door labor bf yankee bull
let. respectfully informs The citizens Of Charles-
town and vicinity tia, be il prepared 20 do BOOT
AND ShOE-MRKING IN the best and most duTa-
bic manner, and solicits share OF public patron
age Shop in basement of the residence of Mrs.
Mary Brown. opposite the Methodist Parsonage.
Charges moderate. =. [. SPINkS.
lime n lS74-4t
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

A fastidious man. from abroad
and a local mine owner sat opposite
each other at dinner in Virginia
City, and the Enterprise gives this
version of their conversations: Dun
dreary. "Deah me, this is disgust
ing Tholding up his knife and gazing
fixedly at the point]! This is eithaw
the second or the third hair-I think
it's the third-that I've found in the
buttah!" Comstocker. "You've not
been here long, l judge; otherwise
you would not have complained OF
hair in the butter.'' Dundreary
"Not complain of hair in the buttah !
You surprise me, sir. How could
do otherwise?" Comstocker. "Those
hairs, sir, are just as natural to Was
hoe butter as butter is the natural
product of milk. They are just as
good and just as clean as the butter
All our butter comes from the great
valleys of our State, where fourishes
that most nutritious and truly won
derful plant, the white sage. Or
this our cattle feed and fatten. This
white sage has many virtues
Strange as it may appear to you, sir
from the white sage is manufactured
a most wonderful and popular hal
restorative. Well, sir, in countr.
where all the cows feed on whit
sage, do you think it likely that tn
butter will be baldheaded?"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

H. L. Sullivant, the great farmer of
Illinois, and of the West, too, for
that matter, was in Ell Paso Saturday.
He called ON Seery & Rouse, who
have been supplying him with agri-
cultural machinery for some years,
and ordered of them half-a-dozen
Buckeye mowers. Sullivant is one
of those cheerful souls who never do
anything by halves. A correspon-
dent says Of his farm: 81 was at
Sullivant's farm to-day. It is about
s miles square and contains about
1000 acres. Met Mr.. Sullivant in
his Office, and found him a most
pleasant and agreeable man, ready to
entertain any one who calls. I am
indebted to Mr.. w. r. Dix, chief
clerk, for the following condensed re-
port of the workings of the farm:
Number of hands employed, about
600; mules and horses, 1000; cattle
(oxen) so; number acres in corn, 20,
900; acres in small grain, 5000;
acres in tame grass, 5000; miles OF
hedge, 800; head of hogs, LOO;
head of cattle, 600. Everything is
run in regular military style. He
can tell just what it costs to raise a
bushel of grain on any section of his
farm, also the cost each month to feed
the hands. The hands are all hired
by the month and boarded. There
is resident doctor-Dr. Blair
who attends to the sick. According
to actual figures it is demonstrated
that l / cents per bushel in ordinary
seasons will put corn in the crib, and
26 cents per day will board hands
The bill Of fare is better than that
found in most boarding-houses. The
following is the bill of fare for June
1874; Smoked shoulder, mess beef
fresh beef, flour bread, rice, beans
peas, tea, coffee, sugar, dried apples
vinegar, molasscs, lard spices, eggs
fresh vegetables, &c, cost per capita
264 cents. Found Mr.. Fay, the cash
Ter, Mr.. Miner, the general manager
and others, very pleasant gentlemen
A general stock of goods are kept
from which the men are supplied al
net cost. An elevator Of $4,000
bushels capacity, is about ready to
receive grain. 1t is said to be, by
competent judges, the best and most
complete elevator in the State, out
side of Chicago. There is now il
crib on the farm, 100000 bushels OF
corn, waiting the completion of the
elevator to be shelled and shipped
Crops look splendid; the recent rair
has removed all apprehensions Of
injury ham drought" -HP aso (AI)
Journal.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31
Stay on the Farm.

The Rural Neac Yorker talks to
the farmers and farmers boys as
follows:
If discontinued farmers, farmers
wives sons and daughters, who think
the delights Of city life something
worth realizing, could walk through
our streets to-day and read one-thou
sandth part of the misery and appre
hension that haunt the hearts OF all
classes and are making lines on theil
faces, they would thank God for the
peace and seclusion and abundance
gathered in the gardens Of theil
homes. Thousands of men and wo
men are at the beginning of winter
suddenly thrown out Of employment
Few, comparatively, Of these have
aught laid up in store. Young wo
men flock through the streets with
restless, eager, anxious eyes, with
lips quivering with fear lest they fail
to obtain employment that shall give
them food and shelter. Boys and
girls of the country, be grateful fol-
plenty and shelter!-You will, per
haps, never know how to value it un
til you want and cannot get either
How many of these in the city arc
country-born; and how many woulo
gladly go back to the homesteads
for refuge, and yet may not have tho
means to get there! Farmers, thank
God for the harvests, and that yor
have unsold food for your families
You have reason!
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31
A Good Bed.

A most soft, comfortable, and
wholesome filling for beds or for
mattresses, can be procured in most
country places, by getting a farmer
to allow oat chaff to be saved. 1t is
soft, light and elastic, and very
sweet. The cost is very little, only
the cost paid to the farmer for the
men saving and sitting it. As oat
chatf is rarely used for cattle-food, il
is easily attainable. 1t is so very
light that a slighter kind of bed-tick
than is necessary for other kinds OF
filing is quite sufficient for oat chaff
Another advantage is that it can be
changed every year with SO little
cost that it is within the reach Of
every one. For children's beds it is
perfectly satisfactory. 1t is only
necessary to keep a sack or two
stuffed full of chaff in a dry place
and then new and fresh filing is Al
hand to make sweet bed, whatever
accident may have befallen the CO.
mattress.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31
Hiving Bees.

When a swarm of bees issues, the
object is to get them into the hive,
and the hive upon the stand, as soon
as it can be done. To secure safe
hiving, it is only necessary to get the
swarm into direct access to the hive,
and, portion of them entering, to
assure the swarm of the situation.
If they alight upon small limb of
tree, or a bush easily severed, place
the hive upon its permanent stand,
sever the limb or bush from its
stock, remove the bees carefully, and
lay them upon table or board even
with the entrance to the hive, and
disturb them sufficiently to apprise
them of the situation. When some
have entered, their note will inclte
others to follow, and soon all will
have entered, and company of
workers have left for stores from the
field, for their new home.
If they alight upon an object that
cannot be removed to the hive upon
the stand, place the hive upon a
cloth, board or table, in the most
convenient location for bringing the
bees in contact with the entrance to
the hive, and as soon as they have
entered remove the hive to its stand
When upon large limb, at it's outer
extremity, l have placed the hive
upon a cloth on the ground IN a pc
sition to have the entrance directly
under the cluster; then with a heavy
jar with my foot on the limb, sent
the whole cluster fifteen feet upon
the ground. A few found the en-
trance, and soon all followed.
In another case a large swarm
alighted upon the body of an apple
tree. / placed the hive within reach
on one hand, with the cluster of bees
on the other hand, the hive standing
upon an elevated table, and with 6
tin nippcr took the bees from the
cluster and emptied them at the en-
trance of the hive, and soon they al
entered. Another swarm ali ghted
high in the top Of a pear tree, or OIL
the body Of the tree centrally in the
| top. The hive was placed in posi-
ton, supported by sticks laid across
the limbs, with the entrance directly
against the cluster. A little disturb
ance and little tobacco smoke in
duced them to enter the hive; ther
they were removed to the stand. A
swarm that alighted upon a small
limb in the top Of a large elm tree
was secured by severing the twis
and lowering the cluster by a lons
line.
Sometimes box may be used, o.
a basket, to secure the bees and con
vey them to the hive upon the stand
A cool, calculating head and {
steady hand, and sometimes LITTLE
assistance from a second hand, will
the circumstances as they presen
themselves, find but little difficulty
in securing success.-Jasper HAGEN
in Country Gentleman.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

M1NGLING THE Milk OF DIFFER
EMIT Cows.-At a recent meeting of
the dairymen one of the members
gave some interesting details in re-
gard to experiments in mingling the
milk and cream of different breeds.
He found that the mixed milk from
two breeds will not produce as much
butter as will the same milk churned
separately. The explanation is in
the variation in the size of the glo-
bules. When large globuled milk
and small globuled milk are churn-
ed together the larger globules sepa-
rate first into butter, and the break
ing of the smaller globules appears
to be retarded. When, therefore, a
Jersey COW is kept in an Ayrshire Or
Dutch herd for the purpose of influ-
encing the color Of the butter, the
larger globules of the Jersey milk
are broken first in the churn, and
while the smaller globules are being
broken, the butter which came first
is being overchurned, and-theoreti-
cally, at least-the quality Of the re-
suit is impaired, if not the quantity
lessened. When a few Ayrshire or
Dutch cows are kept in herd of
Jerseys and the milk churned togeth-
er, both theoretically and practically,
large portion Of the butter of the
small globuled milk is left in the
buttermilk in state Of globules. A
like application may be made to herds
Of native or grade COWS. Unless
there is uniformity within certain
limits in the milk globule there is a
loss of product. When uniformity
is so seldom found in the external
shapes of a grade or native herd, it is
not probable that any greater unifor-
nifty exists between their functions.
~ Y. Herald
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

New KIND OF OATs.-We have
been shown, says correspondent of
the st. Albans Messenger, sample
of ''hulless OATS" by Mr.. Jacob Smith
of Montpelier, who is introducing
them as seed for field culture in this
state. They resemble the common
oat after the hull is removed. In
threshing, the grain comes out Of the
hull like wheat. Forty bushels have
been raised to the acre at the West,
and the grain weighs forty-eight Tbs.
per bushel. The seed was
brought to this country a few years
since by a laborer from Belgium,
who sowed it, but left it before it was
harvested, so that nothing further is
known Of it's history. 1t is claimed
that the grain makes an excellent
meal, superior to that usually obtain
ed from the common varieties, after
hulling, and as this forms quite an
item Of food at present in this coun-
try, if this new acquisition can be
raised successfully, it will be very
useful for this purpose, as every far
mer can easily raise sufficient for his
own use, at least-Er.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

through gravel it is less SO, and if
sand is used the change is still less
perceptible. So that the finer we
make the soils, the better they will
retain those elements of the atmos-
phere necessary for plant food.
Hence, if we would have our soils
absorb and retain the manure and
fertilizers we put upon them, it is inn
portant that we make them fine and
porous. Although pulverizing the
soil is not applying manure, yet it
serves materially to aid the young
rootlets in making their researches
for food, and hastens the crop.
A soil may be ever so good and re-
tentive, what we call strong soil;
but unless it is opened up to the light
and air it does not admit the elements
of fertility which the air always con-
tains. Breaking the stubble and re-
ducing the mass Of the surface soil
to fineness enables the rains, the air
| and the dews to penetrate them in
something the same way as healthy
and sound lung admits the air to pu-
rify and oxygenate the blood. An
open and porous soil is therefore
about as important for the health Of
the plant as a healthy lung is to the
general health of human being.
Another important object in plow-
ing is to mix and deepen soils. 1t
often happens that the surface soil is
sandy and the subsoil clay, or the
surface soil composed mainly OF veg
etable loan and the subsoil wanting.
Now, it is important that these soils
be mixed and made deeper and
changed to proper fineness before
they are fit to give sustenance to the
young plant, and give more exten.
sive range to the young rootlets
The depth to which land should be
plowed should be varied according
to circumstances. We would not
however, favor the principle Of turn
ing up a large amount OF subsoll at
once, but at each successive blowing
guage the pillow so that it may re
move and bring to the surface about
one inch more in depth than at the
previous plowing; this will add al
amount Of subsoil to the surface
equal to 100 loads of thirty bushels
each, to be converted into surface
soil, and this operation should be re
peated till the required depth is OBJ
observation-disclosures Roatghnaa'a
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31
Objects in Flowing.

One leading object is to make a
mellow seed bed. A mellow, open,
porous soil has greater absorptive
power than a soil closely packed. It
can take in the elements of the at.
mosphere that are essential to plant
growth. A ready admission Of the
atmosphere is requisite to absorption,
while the rctcntive power of the soil
will depend largely Oh its composition
and its mechanical condition. The
absorbing power of the soil is in pro-
portion to, its fincness. The finer
and more porous we make the soil
the greater the power of absorption.
1t is well known that if water, adul-
tcrated with barn manure, be filtered
through fine, pulyerized clay it is
rendered nearly pure; when drained
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

the country,
where ice is often hard to obtain in
the hot season, articles removed from
the cool cellar or dairy to the eating
room may be made to retain their
GOODNESS by wrapping them about
with wet cloths. Thus, several
thicknesses of wet cloths, wrapped
about the pitcher, will, by evapora-
ton, keep the water tolerable, and a
common tlower-pot, inverted over a
plate of butter, and kept covered in
the same way with wet cloths, will
keep butter in that state Of solidity
which is essential toits attractiveness.
Mustard is considered to be one of
the most wholesome Of condiments.
1t is always best to prepare it in small
quantities, and send it up quite fresh.
1t should be smoothly blended with
milk or cream, to which a small por-
ton of saltmay be added, till reduc-
ed to the proper consistence. If re-
quired piquant, vinegar or horse-rad-
ish vinegar may be substituted for
the milk.
Kerosene applied with cloth to
stoves will keep them from rusting
during the summer. 1t is, also, an
excellent material to apply to all iron
utensils used about farm.
Cement for fastening metals on
glass To an intimate mixture Of
two parts Of finely-powdered silver
litharge, and one part dry white lead,
add as much of mixture Of three
parts boiled linseed oil and one of
copal varnish, as will form doughty
mass. 1t is only necessary to cover
the lower face Of the metal with this
cement, press it upon the glass, and
remove the excess of cement.
The chicken down is said to form
a beautiful cloth when woven. For
about square yard of the material,
a pound and a half of down is re-
quired. The fabric is said to be
almost indestructible, as, in place OF
fraying or wearing out it's folds it
only seems to felt the tighter. 1t
takes dye readily, and is thoroughly
waterproof. There appears to be a
good opportunity here for some in.
genious person to invent machines to
cut and treat the feathers.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

CURE FOR HooF RoT.-A veteran
stock raiser gives in the Rome On
W Sentinel, the following as a Ger
tain cure for hoof rot in cattle, horses
and sheep: zone teacupful of SHARP
cider vinegar, one and a half table
spoonfuls of copperas, one and a hall
tablespoonfuls of salt. Dissolve
gradually on the hot stove, but dc
not let it boil. When cool, apply il
to the affected limb and hoof, and al
so swab out the mouth of the animal
with the mixture. Two or three ap
plications usually effect cure. The
remedy has been used with pertec
success since 1915"
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31

The Saratoga correspondent of the
Springfield Republican says: Sara
toga potatoes, the poetry of COM
mon life and costly charm of Delmo-
nico's and Parker's, can be made in
perfection in any kitchen by the use
of very simple apparatus consisting
of sharp blade set slanting into a
wooden trough with a narrow slit in
the bottom, two wire screens OF sleeves
and common spider. Select
eight large potatoes, pare them and
slice very thin with the cutting ma
chine, soak them in cold water for
two hours, and stir common table
salt into the warcr, one tea-spoonful
to the quart, and allow them to re-
main in the brine half an hour lon
ger. Put them upon the screen to
drain, and put on spider with a
pound of clear lard over brisk fire.
Wipe the sliced potatoes dry on a
towel, wait until the lard is smoking
hot, and pour a large plateful into
JiC SpluCI. AC lCouAO 10 AANO q
small sea in white squall; and now
the cook shows the artistic soul
which every votary of that noblest
of the arts must possess to be worthy
of the name. Patient and calm, with
steady and incessant motion of the
skinner she prevents adhesion OF
any too affectionate slices and watch
es carefully for the tender blush OF
BROWNIES to appear. Slowly il
creeps and deepens until it rivals the
hue of the fragrant havana. Haste
then takes the place of caution, lest
any martyrs burn for the perfection
of others; and they must be quickly
spread upon another seive to drain
until dry and greaseless enough fol
the fairest fingers, then served hot
to melt like kiss on sweet lips
with dying cracklc like the fallen
leaves Of autumn.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31
AariGnltnral GplMluM.

ed mainly, to topics pertaining to FARM and
HOUSEHOLD. The farmer readers Of the BULLETIN
are requested to write for it.
Buchanan County bulletin. [volume] (Independence, Iowa) 1869-1891, 1874-07-31
GRANGE DIRECTORY,

RESCENT GRANGE, No. 1572-Regular meet
ings en- the last Friday before the full moon OF
each month. Place:-Meets at the residence Of
T. s. Stone. three miles south Of Jesup, and
nine miles southwest Of Independence.
8. G. MASON, Secretary.
WINTHROP GRANGE, No. 611.-Meets at VIM
throp ON Friday on or before the full moon OF
each month.
s. g. PIERCE, Master. 8. W. RICH, Sec.
WEST BUFFALO GRANGE, No. 1216.-Meets
Tuesday, on or before full moon.
j. D. RUSSELL Master.
MIDDLEFIELD GRANGE, No. bss,-Meets on
wednesday, ON or before full moon.
b. DU BOiS. Master. Il. j. WIGG, Sec.
SUPERIOR GRANGE, No. s5e.-Meets Saturday
on or before full moon, at NoJ6 School House
HazletOn twp. q. NJ. MILLER
r. MESSENGER, Secretary, Master.
BYRON GRANGE No. 267 Meets at Justus Dur
moon. EDWARD GLEASON, Master
A. KNOWLES, Sec.