The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-11-13

Falling heavily over in his velvet chair
his arm hung listlessly, and his fac
| grew black. AT last = he grasped
while purple stream grshed from nos
tril and mouth.
Gone first 7 again yelled the pris
oner, still standing with outstretcheG
hand and demons grin upon his liviC
features. And dead first. Ha ha !
Beside the dead Judge there wa;
another carried from that room insensi
ole. It was the son, the inheritor o.
the judges wealth and of Mangrovt
Hall %
Shadows were creeping down Auem
one Vale as my friend finished the man
uscript.
81 have no doubt R. S. is the uncle
of the weird sisters of the Redwood
mansion" he added. There is a dilap
idated headstone in st. Johns church
yard bearing this inscription erich
ard Stepley, obit October 10, 1871,
while recruiting his health at st. Thorn
as, West Indies, etat thirty y-eight
years"
Wages in Europe and the United
States.
So far, during the present year, the
statistics show that emigration to this
country has fallen off nearly 40 per
cent. as compared with previous years,
and, indeed, a large number of emf
grants have actually returned home, be-
ing unable to find employment. This
being the case, and as a reduction In
the price of labor is now being dis
cussed, the following tables, collected
by the National Bureau of Statistics,
and by the Massachusetts Labor Bureau,
have an important bearing on the ques-
ton:
If we take an ordinary farm laborer
in Massachusetts, we find that his weekly
wages are $5, with board-which is IN
doubtedly equivalent to $40. The
highest wages in England, paid in Lin
colnshire, are $8.17, without board in
Kent, So 81; in Devonshire and Corn
wall, $4.08; in Ireland, 491, without
board in France the highest weekly
wages are 50. SO, with board ; in Prus-
sia, 81. 85; in Denmark, 81. 43; in Italy,
So. .89-all with board.
If we now take the trades, the differ
ence is even more remarkable. We find
that blacksmith in Massachusetts re
ceives $1S. so per week in England,
7.9O; in Scotland, $7.62; in Germany,
S6.75; in Prussia, 1929; in France,
S6.01. In the book-binding business
the wages are eqaully remarkable in
Massachusetts, as compared with Eng
land. A first-class fnisher gets $26 in
Massachusetts,, and $10.S9 cents in Eng
land; forwarder earns $1S here, against
50. so in the old country a female folder
is paid 50 in Massachusetts,, and 50. 81 in
England. Again, in the great trade of
Massachusetts, in boots and shoes, a
frst-class upper cutter will earn $18,
while the European is paid $7.08; the
female machine hand is paid $40, and
s.. 20 in Scotland and a mender of
shoes earns $15 here, against 50 So in
$6.75 in Germany, 81 SO in
Prussia, and SO SO in Italy.
Our most expensive trades here are
the building trades, and in them we see
the enormous difference of wages be-
tween the two continents. 4 frst-class
moulder of bricks earns $50. 75, with
board, in Massachusetts, and So "a, with
board, in England. A mason is worth
S24 here against $10.17 in England,
50. 53 in Scotland, 81. SO in Prussia, and
1921 in Italy. A brick-layer is paid
S24 here against $1017 in England, and
S5.97 in Germany. A plasterer COM
mands $24 in America, while his wages
in Europe vary from $6.0S in Italy to
S17.10 in Prussia. A carpenter earns
S17 in Massachusetts, while in England
he would earn S8.17, in Scotland ST. 90,
in Germany 1925, and in Switzerland
S8. 10. Plumbers earn the comparative
ly low wages in Massachusetts of so;
in England they are paid $9.7S; in Ger
many, S4.86. In the business of stating
houses the wages here are S18, to about
s8 in Europe; in painting they are SIT,
to about SO in England, and about $12
in Germany.
Considering the unexampled good
harvest, both at home and abroad, and
the consequent decrease in the price of
food of all kinds, it would seem from
the above figures that wages in this
country are disproportiOnately high,
md that the tendency will be to lower
igures.
Ruskin on Railway Travelling.
OF modern machinery for Iocomotion,
ny readers, I suppose, thought me writ
ng in ill-temper when I said in one of |
he letters on the childhood of Scott, |
internal means of Iocomotion - In |
Iced, am always compelled to write,
IS always compelled to live, in ill-tem- |
)er. But [ never set down a single |
vord but with the serenest purpose. [ |
meant Internal" in the most perfect |
ense the word will bear. For instance, |
he town of Ulverstone is II miles from
ne, by four miles of mountain road be- !
ide Coniston lake, three through pas
oral valley, five by the seaside. A
or lovelier walk would be diff |
icu1t to find. In old times, IL a Conis-
on peasant had any business at Ulver-
tone, he walked co Ulverstone, spent
lothing but shoe-leather on the road,
rank at the streams, and if he spent a
ouple of batz when he got to UIver-
tone, " it was the end of the world"
}ut now, he would never think of doing
uch a thing He first walks three
niles in a contrary direction, to a rail
DAD station an then travels by rail-
DAD "a miles to Ulverstone, paying two
billings fare. During the twenty-four
niles transit he is idle, dusty, stupid
nd either more hot or cold than is
leasant to him. In either case he
rinks beer at two or three of the sta
ions, passes his time, between them,
nth anybody he can find, in talking
Without having anything to talk of
nd such talk always becomes vicious.
Ie arrives at Ulverstone, jaded, half
runk, and otherwise demoralized, and
hree shillings, at least, poorer than in
be morning. OF that sum, shilling
as gone for beer, threepence to rail-
7ay share holder, three pence in Goals,
nd eighteenpence has been spent in
mploying strong men in the vile me-
hanical work of making and driving a
instead of his own legs, to
AIRY the drunken lout. The results,
bsolute loss and decentralization to the
oor, on all sides, and iniquiteus gain to
he rich. Fancy, if you saw the rail-
ray officials actually employed in car
ying the countrymen bodily on their
acks to Ulverstone, what you would
hink of the business And because
hey waste ever so much iron Bnd fuel
esides to do it, you think it a profita-
le one
The Shepherds Crook.
You have seen pictures of shepherds
nth the proverbial crook in their hands.
didn't think party could be shep-
erd without this crook any more than
man could be leader of an orchestra