The New York herald., 1874-11-16
HERALD MONDAY, 49, ls74-TRPLE SHEET

NEW YOR
uonal measures were borrowed rom tne extra
ordinary apprehension entertained BY Great
Britain relative to the spread OF the revolutionary
parsy Of that day. the country feared rupture
70 be ready for the war. wnich was thought Inn
minent- 1t is true shat there were several thou
irisS % English ~ ana He DuscnM~no 0pa were imDnsd
with the advanced political ideas OF the ttme and
.aOn wers considered @ sy the federal party TO Dc dan %
/ writer's Of great acttvlty q mlnd: handled
iW. | During @ his his Presidency party animosities
reached their height, and the Chief Magistrate
sionats, dogmaticai and obstinate sort or q man.
Allen laws Ssaimon laws S ana annoying prd saTes @
10 g. ss0n
FOR EXPRESSIONS OF OPINION
on public measures ana public men, to subject
heavy and burthensome expenses IN their fence,
tor exercising latitude OF speech In the heat OF
closely A' upon % an aoridgment Of the liberty OF Of
speech and OF the press TO be consistent
Thomaa ra ne our ana ds
n0unce 1t as s'detestable." The same great
statesman, in letter written soon after the pas
own part consider these laws as merely an ex-
pertinent on the American mind to see how far 1t
Will DodI I'LL dVOWcu VtOi8tlOH Oh bu6 COuStktutlOus
this goes on we shall Immediately see attempted
another act Of Congress- declaring the President
snall continue IN @ once during iie reserypg & to
and the establishment OF the Senate for life.n The
Afen and Sediti0n laws were fought against with
siienced by the turmoil OF the threatened French
war. Nothing was left for that party but to make
possible in Congress. Finding themselves OF no
use there they determined TO resort TO the State
Utnia reaOutiOna JQfYnPanu drQftQd the Ken.
lucky declaration, den0uncing the obnoxious laws
ana intimating determination on the part OF the
10 PROCEED TO ARxED REsIsrANcE.
They were followed In Virginia by similar resoiu-
State to maintain their liberties inviolate. The
spring OF 1888 brought revulsl0n In favor OF the
o se
energy. The election IN New York was vigorously
contested, but terminated In republican triumph
which extended throughout the Union. The laws
did not long remain unrepeaed. Their vindicuve
introduced. While presiding In the senate HaInil-
ton wrote. II hope sincerely the thing may not be
Sssy as on
we make no false step we shall be essentially
united; but II we push tnlngs 70 e; an extreme we
dency. stated he believed the sedition laws were
They have ever been, Notwithstanding by-words
Of popular reproach
THH SALARY QUESTION IN 1917.
striking instance OF the people of the country
rebuklng the aithlessness OF their represent
in Congress occurred at the elections OF 1916. In
the early part OF that year bill was passed In
creasing the salaries OF members to $500 per
annum. the war with Great Britain was just
over and there was much distress In the Northern
ana Eastern States; the taxes were heavy and
business much depressed. 1t was the general
opinion that the action OF Congress In augment
most needed, exhibited very little regard for the
welfare OF the people. Protests came from every
from public meetings. it was made the leading
issue IN the campaign, and those who voted for
were met with nnquaI1ed popular opposition. the
result was that about seventy candidates who mad
served IN the preceding Congress were badly de.
leated and on the first day OF the meeting OF Con-
gress the following bills were introduced In both
houseG providing for the repeal OF the obnoxious
law. 1t was removed at once from the statutes In
force.
THE FINANCIAL PANIC IN 1857.
It has been claimed as remarked before. by the
organs oil the present administration, that invart-
ably following financial crisis the party in cnarge
OF the national administration suffer by loss OF
some console themselves by attrlDutlng the recent
republican defeat in every portion OF the country
monetary collapse or 1857 winch extended ali over
Europe, occurred during the early part Of the fall,
when MI. Buchanan had been well on to q year In
unemployed were held IN this and other cities and
severe and widespread destitution prevailed
election took place IN November. 1857, and the
democrats swept the field. No Governor was
elected, but all the other State officers were chosen
by majorities averaging 10000 The demo-
Gratis gained forty-tnree members OF Assem-
met in december there was q democratic majority
Of So over the republicans In the House OF Repre-
sentatives and 10 in the Senate. AZ this time tne
controversy, the Nlcaraguan difficulties and the
Mormon war. Party leellng ran exceedingly high
that there were some indications OF general bolt
from the democratic party, which developed itself
the financial smash up had nothing to do with
thus matter.
THE RREPREsSIBLE CONFLICT
manifested It's 1orce from 1867 to 1859. The Know
Nothing party had gained strength in the South
with the democratic party. The Kansas question
in very troubled condition. war ragged In Kan
sas ana John Brown had actually accom-
thirty sixth Congress met December /, two days
after Brown was hanged. The democratic men,
bers OF the House OF representatives numbered
81; republicans, lis; native Americans {SoutAern
OpposluOn), %; anti-Lecompron, 8. The repuDli-
cans lacked six votes to effect an organization,
would unite with the democrats. prolonged
contest. extending over two months, tor the
sSoS a an
one time within two votes OF being chosen.
Finally William Pennington lrepublicanl, OF New
retained working democra tic majority Of twelve,
but 1t was the first time in great many years
position control Two days after the meeting Of
Congress In 1867 there was municipal election In
New YORK. The candidates were Fernando Wood,
Havemeyer 1.-THE present tncumbent) ana George
Opdyke. Wood, who was the representative Of
OF conservative sentiment was elected. Have
meyer. was the impersonatlon Of the
-Opdyke was at that early day the avowed
champion OF tho same idea In its more modern
form OF republicanism. The latter stood lowest
on the polling lists. The result in this city was
regarded as an expression OF OPINION In favor OF
IA nd nrn arfr of IN Cnn n fru
aud defence OF the rights OF the South.
The SECESSION MOVEMENT.
The second session OF the Thirty-sixth Congress
met year later. The Wild schemes OF the South
ern leaders mad reached . climax In consequence
Of the election OF Mncoln. They we're determined
upon breaking up the Union. No secret was made
OF their intentions. The representatives or the
rebelious CommOnwealths resigned their seats
one after the other until both houses remained
under the control Of the republicans and the war
was vigorously prosecuted by the North. The late
Mr.. Seward introduced resolution into the Sen.