New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1874-09-18
1HE COMMERCIAL AND PERSONAL CON
SEQUENCES OF INsURRECTION.

tory of the principal instances IN which
local insurrection within the States has
been suppressed by the intervention OF
tt. federal government might he useful to
the people.
It may determine some inconsidera'e
and excitable persons to refec: on 'heis
precise legal as we'll as military situation.
and may proven. consequences when
should only be incurred with open and
deliberate intelligence.
We hear constantly the expression THAI
the President will give military govern
men. to the State. This he can not do.
He may exhibit military force adequate
TO enable the marshal OF the United States
TO execute any duty. but the executive
could no: lawfully invade any State upon
his own allegation Of disorder, and en-
ploy force to substitute military form OF
government for a republican form. Nor
is it necessary. Every State in the
Union has a. republican form Of govern
ment. This the federal government
is bound to guarantee. Every State
is governed by an administration
Of either admitted or disputed legality.
The federal government: has a discretion
to recognize either one Of the contendins
governments. When it has done so that
State government becomes the republican
form of government to be guaranteed.
This State government then has a right
to demand Of the federal government a
force adequate to protect j: against do
nestle violence. subject to the orders OF
the State government, and any martial law
declared and any military government es-
tablished is done through the orders OF
the State executive enforced. if need be,
by the aid Of the federal army. The pub
lie will then see that military govern
ment Of New Orleans or Of Shreveport
would be constit utional under the order
of the Governor Of the State, as COM
mander in chief Of the military forces OF
the State. and not by the President Of the
United States.
We desire to illustrate and demon.
Strate this by example and analogy
drawn from the history OF the Conteder'
ate Congress Of 177G. and Of the present
federal constitution.
The rebellion of Shays in Massachu-
sets occurred under the articles Of Con-
federacy. A large State force was col
lected, and after much agitation and
conference. the insurgents dissolved their
organization, and their leaders escaped.
The difficulties in quelling this disturb.
arce was one principal cause Of the adcp-
ton of "a more perfec: unior.' because
when parties in State might be nearly
balanced in numbers il was impossible in
all cases for the numerical! majority to
compel obedience to the laws. The i'm
partial power Of . powerful Union might.
however. compel the restoration OF order
in any disafected State or district.
It is no doubt for this cause the cons:;-
tuition made it obligatory upon the fed
eral government to place power at the dis
posal Of q State Governor adequate to
maintain order within his jurisdiction CT
in any part Of it. .....
The earliest occasion FOR he exercise o:
this power under the government was in
the Pennsylvania whisky instruction. In
this case certain districts resisted the pro.
cess of the federal marshal. and expelled
that officer from the district. \ demand
was made by the Governor upon the fed
eral government. and tie President
Washington Issued his PROCLAMATION.
warning the insurrsctienary counties to
obey the laws. made acquisition on certain
States for force Of 12,C00 men. and ap-
pointed General Lee. OF Virginia, to COM
mand them. This instruction was thus
suppressed.
The people Of Rhode Island had been
governed by the terms Of a charter
granted to the concessionaries Of the
colony. They desired to adopt an
amended constitution. !. was contended
by the charter party that an enabling act
from the existing government was essen.
tial to the legal call Of a convention. The
people. in their or;gina! and sovereign
capacity. adopted q constitution and
elected a government under it. There
were two State governments. The char.
Ter government proclaimed martial law,
called out State troops and invoked and
received federal aid tc suppress this insar.
yection.
There was some skirmisL:ng. bu: the
charter government aided by the United
States Tyler, we believe. being Presi.
dent-succeeded in defeating the suffrage
government. and peace vas restored.
There was then case Of domestic VIC.
lence in Virginia. occasioned by the at.
tempt Of John Brown to incite an insur.
fection among the slaves. The aid Of the
fedora; government was demanded By the
Governor Of Virginia, and a federal force
under the command, if We mistake not, of
Colonel +. Z. Lee. arrested Brown and
his men. and turned them over to the
State authorities. by whom some ct them
were tried and executed
But the events.of 1855, and the mo-
mentous changes in the relations Of the
State and fedora! government, placed per.
haps more definite construction upon
the powers and d.ties Of the federal gov.