New-York tribune., 1874-05-11

The total OF this work has been little less than
s22fC00: approximately one dollar per square mile OF
one-ei ghth OF a cent per acre.
GEOLOGICAL WORK.
The Geological Corps Of the Survey has been pro-
cressvely enlarged in the successive field seasons Mr.
G. X Gilbert remained member OF 1t during 1928
In 1871 he was assisted portion OF the Summer by Mr.
A. r. Marvnc, who was succeeded in the folIowing
wears by Mr. e. Il. Howell. In 1873 the Survey was 50
fortunate also the services Of Prof j. j.
Stevenson and in the same year Dr. o. Loew, in addi-
tlon 10 his multfarOus libors in other departments,
assisted In the geological work.
In the season of 1871 Mr.. Gilbert followed devious
course In Nevada and California, starting from Cdin
on the Central Pacific Railway AMI touching IN sue
cession the Bun Run Mining d'trict, Bltle Mouhtan
Belmont. Hyko and Phoebe, IN Nevada; Camp ihde-
Mohavc Arizona. From the last place he accompanied
the boat party mp the Colorado River to Diamond Creek,
Ing OF the Colorado near the mouth OF the Grand Canoa
he met by Mr.. Marylnc who had Just c0mmencei
between that point and Camp Apache the routes OF the
two geologsts intersccted number OF times ana they
were enabled effectively combine their observations,
the chief bearing Of which in this region was upon the
definition OF the southern or southwestern boundary OF
Ali that portion OF the United States west OF the Plains
n harIctrtizcd b. cOrrugafion that is the geological
formations horizontal have been bent and broken
and thrown into ridges 50 as TO produce mountainous
country The ridges vary greatly ~ TO hst ana lem H. H.
travelling north and south IL Is generally easy 10 IOIoN
valleys w.le in going east west one is confronted 9y
after that he must climb or go around In
the lower parts OF this great mountain system the SLOW
but interchangeable agencies OF and stream have ac-
cumulated 20 great amount OF detritus that the
valleys are clOggod and the mountains nearly or quite
buried. In this way have been produced the great
desert plains OF Utah. Arizona, and Southern California
vast of sand and saline clay from the surfaces OF
which few haltsunken peaks Jut forth as lslaIu''
These ntermissions OF the mountainous char
aeter are mere eoncealments' not interruptions @ nn
ture IS Interrupted in ono pace-Derhap5 IN
others, but in one notaby-oy tract In which the
strata are almost undsturDed The general surface Oh
this exceptional region lies from GO)0 To 5000 feet above
and it is nterseced by the celebrated cdnOns
OF the Colorado and It's tnoataIles by ines cores
and 10y other qualifications chiefly dependent on erOson
it Is divided lntoa great number OI piaeans Whlch no
surveys now Ia progress are denlls anu nlins. ine
geO.oss of these expeditions have Ound convenient
TO designate the region, considered as ge0ogca p.of
Plateau System IL Is surrounded on All sIues ny areas
Of cOgrugIOn the ranges at the east constituting the
having been designated as the Corlilleras. Az the
uoIth and south these mountain areas eoaescc.
WESTERN IiGNuEs AGE or THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS
The field Oi operations 1872 comprised parts Of both
Cordiera and Plateau regions and included their joint
boundary from the Wahsatch range southwe'tWard TO
the Colorado River. Que OF the most interesting subjects
OF study dupug the season was the record of ancient
lake that covered the SEWER and Great t Lake Des-
erts and which Mr. Gilbert refers 20 the glacial epoch
great deal OF attention also gwen 10 some fauts
aud folds within the Plateau region OF far ies inagn
greatest interest since they the simplest elements Oh
mountain structure and their study promises 10 tnro"
great light on dynameal geology. to,
In 1873 the OF Prof Stevenson, who accompanied
Lieut. Marsh III, confined 10 the Rocky Mou'.aiuIs,
Sists Hs nvestigations led him very definite con,
cusions regard to the Of the Western lSes auu
the Of the Rocky Mountains and ms notes comprise
important additions 10 knowledge OF the distribution
of the strata aud crystalline rocks OF the rexon VI s
ancient glaciers, and Of the relation o s eeon0e MN
erals its geological structure. Inc eafHer part
OF the Summer spent IN % portion OF Tue rhteau
region Immediately east Of that examine III ne previous
wear aud was devoted to the study ot the system
~ faults there we'll displayed. DIR. Boew's geological
examinations were IN this region ana tracts adjacent
"a it Among the results Of the Summer were the further
Ienuition OF the boundary oftbe Plateau.
More districts OF previous metals IN the terri
tory covered by survey nave been visited and
ahmed as far circumstances permitted. The reports
show "a great number OF points AT which precious MN
era, have been discovered Their value VIII be realized
n connection with the geological ami other iuyestga-
Ionr ana the mining localities viii be Indicated In the
maus The want felt OF comprehensive and accurate
man. OF the mountain areas about when so Wtlt ~
EnoWu repeatedly been called 10 the attention OF
Iiest. wheeler by prominent mcu D0t1 ~ puoic hhd
ur,ate nie. aud specially tbs discovery OF pre-
ZION, minerals has awakened ana vast gcld Oi III
iustry Ia those distant regions.
a FAKAER BECOMES A MINER
An extensive collection o: Olcs nom NcwMeAico ana
oofI io maze. These b. subjected q analysis
There VEN OF red oxide OF copper OF 50 feel wiih
~. Nv, 49,. =. NA.sA'A.s>, 49, ~. l's.-'J w WV