davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1874-12-02
GENERAL NATURE-No. 84.1

AN ACT for the relief of settlers on railroad lands
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre-
sentdtiUes of the United States of america in Con-
gress assembled, That in the adjustment of all rail-
road land grants, whether made directly to any rail-
road company to any state for railroad purposes
any Of the lands granted be found in the possession
Of an actual settler whose entry or filing has beer
allowed under the presumption or homestead laws Of
the United States subsequent to the time at which
by the decision of the land-oce, the right of said
road was declared to have attached to such lands
tine grantees, upon proper REIMBURSEMENT Of the
lands so entered or filed for, shall be entitled to &C.
ect an equal quantity of other lands in lieu thereof
from any Of the public lands not mineral and within
tne limits OF the grant not otherwise appropriated
a. the date OF selection, to which they shall receive
title bthe same as though originally granted: And
any such entries or flinfs thus relieved from
conflict may be perfected into complete title
as II such lands had not been granted: Pro
Uided, That nothing herein contained shall in an,
manner be construed as to ,enlarge or extend ann
grant to any such railroad to extend to lands re-
served in any land grant made for railroad purposes
and Provided further THAT this act shall not be con
strued in any manner to confirm or legaze an,
decision or ruling of the Interior Department unde
which lands have beenlcertied to any railroad com
pany when such lands have been entered by a pre-
emption or homestead settler after the location O
the line of the road and prior to the notice to the 10
cal land office of the withdrawal of such lands from
market. .--- .s no e.. -
Approved, June %, 1874.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1874-12-02

lGENERAL NATURE-No. 3d.
AN ACT to admit free Of duty merchandise sunk for
two years and afteward recovered.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre-
sentGtiUes of the United States of america IL, Con
gress assembled, That wherever any ship or vessel
laden with merchandise in whole or in part subject
to duty, shall have been sunk in any river harbor
bay, or waters subject to the jurisdiction of the
United States and within its limits, and shall have
remained so sunk for the period Of not less than two
years. and shall be abandoned by the thereof
any person persons, who may raise any portion OF
the cargo of such ship vessel shall be permitted
to bring the merchandise recovered into the port
nearestto the place where such ship vessel was
sunk free from the payment of any duty thereupon,
and without being obliged to enter the same at the
custom house, under such rules and regulations as
the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe.
Approved, June %, 1874.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1874-12-02

AN ACT act to amend the act entitled IAN act to
establish western judicial district of North Car
olina.'
Be it enacted BY the Senate and House of Repre-
sentatiUes of the United States of america in Con.
gress assembled, That section eight of the act Of
entitled "An act to establish western judicial dis
trict Of North Carolina be amended by adding there
to the following: "There shall also be appointed
trict of North Carolina who shall be entitled to
salary OF two hundred dollars per annum; payment
to be made quarterly out of the Treasury Of the
United States, and in addition thereto the fees of
office affixed by law"
Approved, June 20, 1874.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1874-12-02
GENERAL NAruRE-No. 81,

IdENEKAL NATURE-NO. 81
AN ACT for the relief of savings institutions having
no capital stock and doing business solely for the
benefit Of depositors.
Be 1t enacted By the Senate and House of Repte-
sentGtiUes Of the United States of america in Con-
gress assembled That farther collection of inter-
nal revenue taxes shall be made ON the earnings of
savings banks OF institutions for savings having no
cevug deposits to be loaned invested for the sole
benefit Of the parties making such deposits, without
pany, whether the earnings of the same have been
or may hereafter be divided annually, semi annually
or at other periods.
ADDrOyed ,June % 177A
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1874-12-02

AN ACT re'ating to circuit courts OF the United
States for the districts of Alabama.
Be it enacted By the Senate and House Of Rep
resentatives of the United States Of AmeriCG
in Congress assembled, That there shall be, and is
hereby, established circuit court of the United
States for the middle district of Alabama as said
district Is now constituted by law, to be held in the
ern district Of Alabama as said district is now
sttuted by law, to be held in the city of Huntsville
SEC 2. That said circuit courts shall have and ex-
ercse within their respective districts, the same
original powers and Jurisdiction as are or may be
conferred by law upon the circuit court of the
unIed states for the southern district of Alabama
at Mobile, and shall have and exercise appellate and
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1874-12-02

IGENERAL NATURE-NO. e0.1
AN ACT comforting Jurisdiction upon the criminal
court of the District of Columbia, and for other
purposes.
Be 1t enacted By the Senate and House of Repre-
gress assembled, That the criminal court of the
District of Columbia shall have Jurisdiction Of all
crimes and misdemeanors committed in said Dis
trict not lawfully triabe in any other court, and
which are required by law to be prosecuted by in
dictment or information.
SEC That the provisions of the thirty-third Sec
ton Of the judiciary act of seventeen hundred and
eighty-nine shall apply to courts created by act Of
Congress in the District of Columbia,
Approved, June %, 1874.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
Cooling Milk.

In relation to the cooling of milk,
the following are the views given before
the American Dairymen's Convention by
Mr.. Arnold, who aid that the circum-
stances in cooling milk for butter and
cheese are different. The odor in milk
is condensible in a liquid form. BY
driving off the vapor with heat, it can
be considered again into volatile oil,
with a slight color. At go degrees it
becomes solid. If we take milk from
the COW and cool it to 55 degrees, we
leave the oil in the milk to do its mis-
chief. It is necessary, therefore, to
allow the milk to be above sixty for
some time to allow tie odor to escape.
He had known cases where milk was
cooled in twelve hours time so that it
would keep sixty hours. Again, cream
will rise more rapidly when the milk is
kept warm. If you cool the milk down
to So degrees there are some portions
of the cream that do not rise. Another
advantage is that fats expand more by
heat than does water. Hence they will
be kept down when cool by the friction
of the thick portions of the milk. If a
system could be invented to raise the
temperature of the milk to 40 degrees,
and then cool, the Cdor would nearly all
escape and the cream nearly all rise.
The following experiment that he
made to test this point was given ::
Three pans of milk were used. One
was placed upon the snow, the other
kept in the milk-room, and the third
heated. The last pan showed a com
plete rise of the cream and escape of
the animal odor. The other two showed
the presence of animal odor and re-
tarding in the rise of the cream. The
pan placed upon the snow showed very
little cream and strong animal odor.
Other odors in the milk, it was claimed,
may be driven off by heating. - Western
P9yY.OT
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
Grapes for Hogs.

The Ohio Farmer mentions r. A.
Hunt, of Euclid, Ohio, as having fed
hogs on culled and rotten grapes from
his vineyard, and that they did as well
as if fed Oh corn, and that they eat the
grapes with a relish truly wonderful -
indeed, so passionately fond of fruit did
they become, that corn would be left
when grapes could be reached. The
swine grew fat very rapidly, and made
most excellent pork. Cows will also eat
grapes, he says, either rotten or sound,
and appear to do well upon them.
We might have concluded without a
test that grapes would be an excellent
food for fattenipg animals. The fatten-
ing properties of corn arise from the
large per centage of starch or carbon
aceous food it contains. The sugar of
the grape is carbonaceous food in q more
soluble form, and more easily diges-
ted and assimilated. Thus if grapes
we're not too expensive, they might be
used with great effect in fatteRing swine
or cattle. It was Liebig's opinion that
starch is turned into sugar In the pro-
cess of digestion, and here we find
starch advanced to the sugar stage, and
ready for assimilation. The sugar of all
fruits has rapid effect in laying on fat.
Sweet apples, pears and pumkins are
well known as rapid fatteners. We think
an acre of fruit will lay on more pounds
of fat than an acre of corn, and that
farmers could afford to raise fruit SIM
ply as food for animals.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
Sticklers for EtiGuette.

These unappeasably exact folk who
must have their pound of social flesh,
and will not be put off with less than
their precise due, are, for the most part,
difficult people to keep in good humOr.
They know nothing of that easy-going,
slip-shod geod-nature which gives and
takes, and never keeps any debtor and
creditor account at all; which sends out
two invitations to their neighbor's one,
or forgets to return his call within the
prescribed limits, and then meets him
with beaming smile and iocund man
ner, as If he were not sinner and
breaker of the law. That kind of thing
is abhorrent to them-as bad as cob
webs on the ceiling or material slippers
down at heel. What the sticklers for
etiquette like is everything to be done
with the incest Observation-Disclosures for
invitation, and the complimentary card
left on the exact date on which it should
be left call returned for call within
the term prescribed according to the
degree of intimacy and the whole of
the social life mapped out as you would
map out the plan of an estate, with so
many acres, rods and perches assigned
to A., and SO many rods of forest-growth
told of to B. Sometimes, however,
these sticklers for etiquette are kind
people in their way-people who will
lend but not borrow, give but not ask.
They are generous in bestowing. but
not generous enough to accept. They
will load their neighbors with benefits,
but they will not carry away SO much as
flower in free gift. Their house is
open to you, and you might, if you
would, use it in their absence, and make
yourself at home with cup of after
noon tea and a lounge on the comforta-
BILE sofa but they would die of fatigue
and hamilton before they would do the
same by you; and you may talk forever,
but you cannot beat it into their heads
that there is no difference between you,
and what they allow from you they may
also commit for their own parts, Not
bit of it. To the end they remain gen
erous, hospitable, free-handed in what
they grant and to the end, also, pre-
else, stiff sticklers for etiquette, and
tiresomeIy punctillious in what they &C
cept. Sometimes they are just the con-
trary to this, and, while they accept I'M
conventional kindness frankly enough,
will not allow the smallest infIaction of
rhadamanthine rule of strictest Ell
quette to themselves. They would hold
it as an objectionable liberty if their
dearest friend should enter their house
in their absence, though he or she had
come twenty miles and more to see
them. A servant who should offer cup
of tea of her own accord, even to their
sister, would receive her dismissal be-
fore the night had come; and a lifelong
intimacy has been broken for all time
for no greater offense than that of pick
ing unbidden bit of mignonnette out
of bed which was choBed with it's own
luxuriance And some again are at least
just and logical, and neither give nor
take, but demand the pound of flesh
with the most scrupulous exactness,
and pay it just as methodically.-
Mil G01pfFo
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
Making Them Kick Gently.

A correspondent of the Germantown
(Pa.) Telegraph believes in making
COWS mind their p's and q's, and that
without undue severity. He says:
do not wonder that many persons
boot at the idea of trying to prevent a
COW from kicking by simply buckling a
strap around her body; but when they
are once induced to try it they are
forced to knock under and confess that
person is "ncver too old to learn"
Have the patient tied up: then buckle
a strap round her body just forward of
hips and udder; then go to milking and
let her "blaze away" if she can.
Some heifers, especially large three
year olds, are bard to break on account
of their strength. When they do kick,
they kick with such force that it is USE
less to try to ward off the blow. I have
sometimes convinced such heifers that
it is best for them to kick softly, if they
must kick at all, by buckling strap
with ring on it around the left hand
leg, Just above the gambrel or hook
joint. Then from the right side pass
a small pole or fork handle in front of
the right leg and into the ring. Let an
assistant hold the end of the pole. 1t
is impossible for the COW to kick, and
two or three milkipgs this way will cure
the kicking, or as said, get her to
kicking softly, so that the blow can be
warded off by the left arm of the milk
er instead of the pole, and then the bat
tie is about over.
Allow no one to scold at, or strike, or
in any way brighten or excite heifer,
but rather be quiet and gentle with her,
and If any force must be used let it be
something like the above, to prevent
her from kicking, not to punish her for
kicking.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
Coffee in Vienna.

"The best cup of coffee to be had in
Europe" says q writer in the Chicago
Tribune, " is in Vienna. On the prin-
cipal business streets there is a coffee
house in almost every block; they are
not located down in dark and dingy
basement, but on the street floor. Beer
is rarely sold in them; wine may be
had. But coffee and cigars, with
newspaper and little bread-roll, con
stitute the commodities of the place.
Sitting around scores of little metallic
er marble tables within the room or on
the sidewalk may be seen groups of per-
sons of both sexes slipping coffee, with
bread and newspaper; and if the slipper
be of the male persuasion, cigar is
added to the entertainments. The next
establishment may be a beer saloon,
equally filed with both sexes within
and without. The Vienna people have
a great penchant for taking their beer
or coffee out of doors under the shade
of tree or an awning. In the public
parks there are whole acres of metallic
tables placed under the trees, and
thousands of all classes arrange them
selves around every fair evening, Sun
day inclusive, to drink coffee or beer,
and few wines. The use of coffee in
Vienna was first introduced in 1858 by
one Kulcziski, Pole, who, being the
interpreter of a COnstantinople trading
company, and perfectly familiar with
the Turkish language, was employed by
John Sobieski, king OF Poland. during
the siege of Vienna by the Turks in
1858, as a spy. in which capacity he
went freely through their lines, pene-
tTated into the city, and conveyed mes
sagts to the besieged, and from them to
the relieving army of Poles. After the
Turks were routed they left behind
them in their camp vast quantities of
coffee. Kulcziski asked for the coffee,
and the privilege of opening a coffee
house in Vienna, as the reward for his
haza' dous and most valuable service.
The request was granted, and he imme-
diately opened a coffee,house and pre-
pared the beverage in a Turkish way.
The venture proved a success. The
citizens soon acquired taste for it, and
from that day to this they have been
the greatest coffee-drinkers in christen-
dom"
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
French Manners.

One of the highest merits of the
French system of manners is, that its
tenacity lays down the principle that ali
persons meeting in the same house
know each other without the formality
of introduction. Any man may ask
any girl to dance, or speak TO any body
at a private party. This In no way ex-
tends to public gatherings, where the
guarantee of supposed equality which
results from the fact of knowing the
same host does not exist. But in draw
ing-rooms the rule is absolute; everv-
body may talk to everybody. This is
an intelligent and most practical Gus
tom it facilitates conversation it dis
pels awkwardness toward your neigh
bors; it makes it possible to pass pleas.
ant hour in a house where you do
not know a soul it gives look of
warmth and unity to a room. No one
is obliged to sit glOomily and in silence
between two repelling strangers. Ii
you want TO speak, you are sure of a
listener. OF course, people are often
regularly introduced to each other by
the master or mistress, especially at
dinner parties but in those cases the
object is TO put name upon them, not
TO authorize them to converse for that
act no permission is required.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
A Parlor Catacomb,

The Rome correspondent of the Cali
fornia Bulletin writes: "There is a
parlor catacomb in town more interest
ing because more novel than anything
else Roman. Under the C4puchin
Church is long room, with a row of
windows on one side looking out into a
quadrangle of the mOnasetry, divided
into several small chambers that are
fenced off from the aisle that runs IN
der the windows, and these chambers
foored with earth brought from Jeru-
salem. This astonishing cemetery has
been written of much, and yet it is ever
new, and to me never tiresome. It is a
kind of conservatory, SO limited that
when a monk dies dead monk is taken
from the grave that has been longest
occupied, and the new body rests in the
sacred soil. The skeleton of the resur-
rected monk is taken to pieces, and his
bones are wrought into some fanciful
figure on the wall. It is as if the bodies
that are planted in this conservatory
sprapg into wall flowers. There is no
saint here the place is too light and
cheerful for a saint. Nothing but
bearded Capuchins, who have spent
their lives in sight of their tombs, hope
to be thus translated. An altar built
of bones, before which lamp swings in
a chandelier of bones, and around which
are inches of bones with whole skele-
tons tottoring in them, looking as if
they were about to bowl their skulls at
the feshless brotherhood opposite
this is the sort of thing that cheers the
old fellow in the snuff colored robe who
waits for me to read the sonnets pinned
against the wall, and to make my little
inventory before seeing him at the
door. Nothing can be cleaner and
sweeter-nothing iollier. Every skull
seem to be laughing, as if it was all a
huge joke. The sun streams in upon
the voiceless carnival the wind wags
the long beard of one monk with his
head awry-a beard that needs wedding
and a great fly buzzes in at the win
dow and out again. Then I think of
the long sleep under the daises, of the
waving grass that seeks to soften the
outline of the low mound on the hill
side, and turn from the grim humor
of these departed Capuchins with but
one thought. It is this : We're I a
monk and had my choice, rather than
sit in my shroud with my beard in my
lap, I'd spatter myself all over the side
of the house in perpetual fash of os-
sifed fireworks.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
The Best Sewing Machine.

The best sewing machine for all purposes
made is, beyond question: the Remington. 1t
will do a greater variety Of work, with less
noise and physical exertion, than any in the
market. 1t is so simple that child can man
age it, and so durable that we can see no
reason why one, with ordinary care, should not
last a lifetime.
This point we desire to call especial atten-
ton to. The Remington is made by the Rem
ington Arms Co., of lion, n Y, whose arms
are known the world over
They have the entire confidence of the gov
ernments of the world, for the reason that
they never turned out poor weapon nor in
deed, any but the very hest Quality is what
they pride themselves upon, for it was their
capital at the beginning. The same rigid hon
esty that they held to in the manufacture of
arms, they have carried into their sewing ma
chine. They are made of the best material
attainable, and no labor or expense is spared
to finish them in sucn way as to make them
do greal deal more tina is clsimed for them.
The name Remington" is a sufficient guaran
tee to any one who knows the company.
The company desire agents i'll every county
in the United States. We can say that the
machine because of it's excellence, is a good
one to handle, and of the company that their
employees are certain of fair and liberal treat
ment. Write to Remington Arms Company,
lion, New York.
The herald and mail. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1873-188?, 1874-08-14
The Cost of Living.

Valuable statistics in regard to the
comparative cost of living in America
and Europe are given in the last Massa-
chusetts Labor Report:
Zone dollar will buy twenty pounds
of flour in Boston, one or two pounds
mort in several European seapOrts, but
the same are considerably less in a ma
jority of the places compared. In Bos-
ton one dollar will buy Sc pounds fresh
beef, roasting pieces. In no place in
England will it buy so much by pound
or more, and in Europe still less, Co
penhagen being the only place given
where it will buy more. Butter in
Europe averages a pound more to the
dollar than here, cheese less by more
than that, except in a few spots. As
for potatoes they are cheaper here than
In England, and dearer than in ireland
or Germany. Seven or eight pounds of
pork for a dollar are sold here, and not
much over half as much can be obtained
for that sum in England or Europe, and
nowhere as much. In rice, milk and
eggs they have the advantage of u.s.
Tea costs less here than in England,
but more than on the continent. With
coffee it is about the same, though the
difference is little. In sugar the British
are a little better off, the continentals a
good deal worse. Coal is cheaper here
than in Germany, and dearer than in
England. Merrimac or common prints
are cheaper here than any where IN Eng
land or Europe. Boots are about the
same here as there, generally speaking.
There are but two or three places in
England or the continent where brown
sheetings are cheaper than here, while
in brown shirtings the foreigners are
better off. Rent, for four-roomed tene-
ments, Is from two to four times cheaper
than in Great Britain aud on the CONT
nent than in Boston, in Austria fifteen
times cheaper. Board also is from once
and half to twice as cheap in Europe
and Great Britain as in Boston,"