The New York herald., 1874-08-05

States even have surveys planned on the modern
basis. believe am not exaggerating in saying
that there Is not now an accurate map Of any
state In the Union, except one OF California, and
we all know the reason OF that, extravagant ex-
pectaions requiring liberal policy. They have
been over six hundred years trying to make map
OF England, and yet when the famous "autumnal
manGuvres' come or the contending sham armies
invariably lose their geographical positions a nd this
has been the delight OF those English writer's who
have chronic appetite for governmental laxity.
Even in the United States we have no map makers
If we except this survey, the coast survey and the
labors OF the engineer corps, all OF which have
been of the first importance, and, with the excep-
ton OF Pennsylvania, New York, illinois, New Jer-
sey, Indiana Iowa. Minnesota, North Carolina
Massachusetts and California there are no organi.
cations which undertake to Ak upon the bounda-
res and divisions OF the national domain. may
add that
IN LESS THAN FIFTY OR ONE HUNDRED YEARS
the western country will be more accurately de-
fined than the Eas tern States, and yet the dini-
cules attending the successful operation OF such
an expedition as Hayden's are almost innumera-
BILE. AT the present moment we read in this camp
tina; the Indians are hostile and are on the war
path; our base OF operations must be from 200 to
$50 miles from the outposts OF civillzatlon money
is NV H"tu PO Vuo oupsISlcuCe, W2LeT or Grd0S-
portation may fail; instruments may break death
may destroy the party, yet all the same the expo
dtlon moves forward through a wilderness unin-
habited by human being, unless some enterpris-
ing band OF savages should desire a outlet from
the white man. The gentlemen selected to lead
the expedition are old frontiersmcn OF education.
MR. hARvINE, LEADING THE FIRST DIVISION,
Is q graduate OF the Cambridge Scientific School,
and has been five years in the neld among the
Indians, moving everywhere and accomplishing
valuable scientific work. His executive talents
are OF the first order, his physique good his judg-
ment IN emergencies correct, and his dete<mina-
ton 10 carry out his instructions never giving way
to temporary weakness. lie Is geolcgist; and
that means great deal. II is generally supposed
that geology is mere speculation, settled and de-
termlned upon by pack OF green-gogged fossils,
who, passing stone in their hands OF varicgated
hue, exclaim. ''Mlocene!r "Pleocenew or .Si-
lusian,n finally compromising on a difference OF
million OF years and entering the specimen under
some new specific title. This is not so. Geology
Is a science intimately connected with the
mineral aud agricultural resources OF the CONT
nent-a science growing in Importance from day
to day, as shall show IN subsequent letters
Mr.. Marvine, therefore, as q young geoloCist
who has been nve years in the Rocky Mountains.
must command some respect. His Instructions
which here transcribe are similar In their ma
ture TO those or the other sub.expedtions, and
will suffice for all -
. WASHINGTON, ID. c., July l, 1874
Mr. ARCH r. MARyINE:- y
DEAR SIR-You are hereby given the direction OF
the first division OF the geological and reo0raph-
ical survey oil the territories. You are responsible
for the property IN Jonr charge for the economical
expenditure OF the Iunds Ior maintaining the
party and for the general progress Of all branches
o the WORK.
Your advice Is to De given to the topographer as
TO the methods ana quality Of WORK and he will
be held accountable by me to show good and suf-
hcient reasons ior not following such advice in
cases where ne ieels obliged to differ from you.
Concerning '
THE MOVEMENTS OF THE PARTY,
the ultimate decision rests with YOU after due con
slderatl0n OF the needs OF all. You are to com
municate with me every week when practicable.
giving an account OF the progress Of the work
iuture plans and how you may be reached by my
communication