The Tiffin tribune. (Tiffin, Ohio) 1868-1887, 1874-06-25

nee IN the state where legal process
may be served nor after it shall
have, on the ground Of citizenship,
removed suit against it from State
to Federal court.
8. The General Assembly is re-
quired to pass laws to correct abuses,
and prevent, by adequate penalties
and tOrfeitures, unjust discrimination
and excessive charges by railroad
companies IN transporting freight and
| passengers.
8. Corporations are prohibited in
creasing their stock or bonded in
| debtedness except for full value in
money, property, or labor.
| 10. Railroad companies are pro-
/ hibited charging, except for excursion
or Communication tickets, 20 any sta
tion, more in gross than is charged
for the same class and amount of
transportation in the same direction
to more distant station.
ARTICLE XIII-REVENUE AND TAXA
TON.
No change has been made in the
general principle that all property
shall be taxed uniformly, according
to its value in money the mode Of
ascertaining such value to be deter
mined by rules of appraisement pre-
scribed by the General Assembly.
The exempted class, with the addi-
ton of public libraries, remains as
under the existing Constitution, de-
pendent exclusively on the pleasure of
the Legislature.
1t was deemed advisable TO author
iZe the General Assembly to adopt
other plans of taxation, the mode and
| time for the Inauguration of the same
being lett to their discretion.
The principal features of the pro-
posed new systems are embodied in
section five. By virtue of this clause,
the General Assembly may impose
taxes by license, excise, or otherwise,
and may tax franchises and incomes
| derived from investments, where the
| principal from which the income is
derived cannot be taxed. In antiei-
patton OF the future needs of the State
and with the intent, il practicable, to
prevent too great increase of the
weight of taxation on the property of
our people, it is thought to be good
policy to open up other sources of rev.
enue, based on business employment,
and professional calIings. and from
investments of capital outside of the
State or in securities which escape
their share of the general burden.
| This system of taxation hss, in part,
been adopted in many OF the older
commercial States. and has contribu-
ted large item in their annual reve-
nues.
Banks and bankers are to be taxed
on capital employed and on business
done, under such equitable rules as
may be prescribed by the General AS
sembly, so that they may share equal.
ly with others i'm the burdens of taxa
ton.
A provision Is inserted in this Arti-
Gle (Sec. y for Tie protection OF the
wool interests of the State from the
ravages of dogs, aud for securing, by
special taxes or assessments on those
animals, fund out of which to COM
pensate for annual losses from de-
struction of sheep.
ARTICLE XIV.-LEGISLATIVE APPOR-
TIONMENT AND REPRESENTATION.
The general principle of decenni-
al and self-adjusting apportion ment
for the election of Senators and Rep
resentatives, after each Federal CEN
sus, is preserved; but the divisor for
the ratio OF representation is inereas-
ed in the Senate to thirty-seven, and
in the House of Representatives to
one hundred and five, which, subject
to variations oecasioned by fractional
ratios, will therefore constitute the
number Of members of the respective
houses. A new appOrtionment of the
State into Senatorial and Representa-
tive districts for the current decade is
also submitted in this Article, which
we believe to be fair to each political
party in the State, and as nearly so to
each section as practicable.
About half of the Convention IA
VOred the division Of all the large
counties into single Senatorial and
Representative districts, conforming
to the single districts of the rest of
| the State. After much discussion, q
substitute for that proposition was f.
nally agreed to, by a vote made up
about equally OF both political parties,
giving the minOrities of those locali-
ties representation by applying the
cumulative method of suffrage in the
election of Senators and Representa-
tives in all counties where more than
two are to be chosen. This provision
| is general and permanent ia its inten-
tion and scope. At present it only af-
feets Hamilton and Cuyshoga coun-
| ties, but from 1876 to 1880 it will ap-
ply to Franklin and Montgomery,
which will each choose three Repre-
sentatives; and after the next appor-
tiOnment it will apply to Hamilton,
CuyahOga, Franklin, Montgom-
cry, Lucas, Belmont, Butler, Colum-
biana, Stark, and probably other Of
the large and rapidly growing eoun-
ties.
By this method of suffrage, each
elector casts as many votes for Sena-
| tors or Representatives as there are Of
| ficers of that class to be chosen in his
county or district, and may give them
all to one candidate or distribute them
among several, as he may see fit. For
| instance, CuyahOga county elects five
representatives; and a voter there may
east five votes for one candidate, or
two votes for one and three for anOth-
er; or may otherwise distribute his
votes, or equal parts thereof, among
any number of candidates from one to
| FIVE. Thus, one-fifth OF the voters
having the name of only one candi-
date on their ticket can elect him;two-
| fifths having the names of but two
candidates on their ticket can elect
them; and thTee-fifths, uniting on
three candidates, can elect them. In
short, by this method of suffrage, each
of the political parties in CuyahOga
county which comprises in its ranks
as much as one fifth of the electors,
can secure representation in the House
of Representatives in due proportion
| to its numbers. So also with the cleo
tion of the four Senators and ten Rep
resehtatives in Hamilton county; the
three Representatives in franklin and
Montgomery; and the Representatives
and Senators in the several other
counties which from time to time will
come within the operation of this sec
/ tiOn.
The friends of minority representa-
tion in the Convention generally pre-
ferred this cumulative method of suff-
rage in electing Senators and Repre-
sentatives, and the restricted method
in electiDg Judges. The reason for
the distinction was, that by the cumu-
lative method each political party,
however small, which comprises in
/ its ranks ratio for one Senator or
Representative, can elect one; and it
is proper and expedient that il should
nave luAb VOICE III Tue REPRESENTATIVE
assembly of the State. But iG was not
thought expedient to put it in the
power of I small party or faction,
combining on some special interest or
theory, to choose one of the Judges of
the highest courts. Therefore the re-
stricted vote was adopted as to the
election of Judges, by which over for
| ty per cent Of the votes are required
10 elect one out of three, and thirty
seven per cent. TO elect one out Of
| five.
| ARTICLE XV.-JUDICIAL APPORTION-
| MENT.
The judicial apportionment is tenn
porary in its character, being subject
| to alteration at the will Of the Gener-
al Assembly; and is designed to make
such grouping Of counties and distri-
button Of the judicial force as will be
fair to TIE political parties, disturb SIS
little as practicable existing business
relations, and insure dispatch in the
transaction of the public business.