, 1874-09-20

ton. The Russians proceed upon about the
sau.e plan al the Germans. Their engines arc
mostly Of the English type-ln some cases.
cross. as it uere, between the English and the
American.
In contras. to most Of tho above, American
locomotives run Ut fair speed. with their parts
very accessible They have M special arEange- a &C.
burning wood in their furnaces. Their leading
ends arc also supported on four-wheeled trucks
or boSies. which, while giving 3 long wheei-base.
and consequently ssead1ncss, allow the engine
to travel "a very bad roads, and to traverse sha-p
curyes r1Au ease and security.
sCLrACR.
Sulphur occurs very widely distributed in the
mineral kingdom, either free OF combined With
other elements. Urbino in Italy, Grgenh in
Sicily, a1,d Radoboy in C1oatia. aro the chief
sourcos Of crystalline sulphur, while the earthly
sulphur is derived mainly from Italy, Moravia,
and Poland, Iceland is rich in both varieties,
and California supplies large quantities for her
oil-of-yitliol works. Volcanic districts generally
abound in tho ore. bluca tho eruption OF alt.
Etna, in 1853. Europe has drawn tho bulk Of its
supply from tho yeins which were filled with
sulphur while tho volcano was in nctivity- ALI
tho vacant spaces in tho lava wero ut that time
injected with it. This. when quarrled or mined.
forms tho limestone Of commerce. When melted
and cast into sticks, it produces the roli-sul-
yapor allowed to escape into an air-tight
chamber, the variety called " flowers OF sulphur
il the result. paroli has declared that the
sulphur Of Sicily will be exhausted in fifty or
sixty years but Shclford, who hns inspected
many Of the mines on the island and been for years
cusaged III working some Of them, thinks other
wiso In mining, the orc is brought to the sur
face by boys, who bear i. on their backa- Two to
four boys attend each miner. It is curious but
well-kuovn fact that upou tho supply OF boys de-
Ia {},av rf n1Tn [a,%h r.
rics small load only, and makes several journeysa
davup and down the tli(fereut headings and shafts.
When tho mines have reached depth OF about
400 feet they can no longer be profitably worked.
Below this point winding machinery Is needed
for hauling the ore to the surface, and THIS has
hitherto not been brought into use. Hence, be-
low 400 feet the suIphur-doposits remain u1i-
touched. That these are considerable IN ex-
tent, NAV be inferred from tho fact that many
OF them nse nearly vertical. and improve as they
descend. Not until they have been thoroughly
worked can the supply of sulphur in slcil; be
eaiu to be exhausted
THE scAEocu.
An ingenious proiectiIe, invented by q Russian
officer, il HOW claiming tho attention OF military
u,cn The scaroch. us it il called, is an eloa-
gated shell upon the end of al iron cylinder.
The two parts arc united py q comparatively
slight thickness OF metal. When fired, tho eca-
rcch lcnyes tue gun like al ordinury Shells but
when i. bursts, the cylindrical part alone tiles in
pieces, while tho spherical head continues its
light iutacs. and may ricochet for hundreds Of
yards further. The advantage of such T. shell
against artillery, for example, IS very great.
After bursting, aud scattering It's fragments
among the !yuns OF the enemy. the head goes On
to plun.e i:l.o the infantry stl farther back. !.
is to be used in l,assia for Carbon Of moderate
size.
PINK wATKR-11LIEs.
4 note in the scieuce-column Of 50 exchange
stHtcs that pink pond-lllics grow in but one To-
cality in the country, viz: in pond On Cape
Col. The statement is crroueous. The sweet
scented water-lily (NympAGa odoruta), which,
o. d rule, has petals Of stainless white, in va
rious waters OF New England turns them to .
deep-rose color. We have seen beautiful speci-
mems Of pink vater-lil:es from pocd in New
Hampshire.