The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1874-06-04


mate commercial relations existing between can
ada and this country. Congress accordingly, IL
the ' S article Of the treaty declaring aas
was no longer for the interests OF the
asa a'es the presdens 1 es same
with the communication OF such notice TO the
government OF Great Britain. The English Minis
try received this notification with some alarm
An apprehension prevailed that at the close ol the
war OF the rebellion the occasion would be i'm
proved by this government to inaugurate waI
with Great Britain, IN which war Canada would bt
the objective point. Secretary Seward wrote II
March, 1868, 10 Mr.. Adams, at London, to allaJ
these approximations. He said .The restrictive
policy in regard to Canada. which we were com
PEELED to adopt, to counterfeit aggressons from
British Provinces and ports, seem to be regarded
as a fresh proof OF the nmical purpose referred
M, own part Is assumed IN ustiacsaop ~ on
suspicion, Even II there mad been mn
disturbance OF our freudly relations with Canada
or Great Britain the late reciprocity treaty could
not have been continued beyond It's appointed
time without being modified so essentially as to
require esfi44 ,s1 fs-
THOROUGH REVISION OF THE COMPACT,
and that sucn revision would necessarily involve
Senate, but 10 the Congress OF the United States
In my opinion 1t would be utterly unavailable to
at tempt TO negotiate with Great Britain treaty
OF reciprocal trade between the United States and
Canada while this civil war continues, with Great
surcents as belligerents, and thus derogatlng the
United states from their accustomed sovereignty
over all the TERRITORY ana al! inc citizens OF the
in no case does this government contemplate war
against Great Britain, whether for Canada or any
and must continue 10 insist that the United States
cannot consent to endure indefinitely the injuries
resulting, directly ana lnQrecty, from the present
EFFECrs OF ITS TERMINATION.
AS the period drew near for the termination OF
the Reciprocity treaty lMarch, 1861 large mum.
Der OF American dealers IN Iarm stock and produce
vstea tne colonies ana made EXTENSIVE pur
crossed with droves OF cattle, sheep and horses, as
II hostile army had overlun Canada, while che
n warn ro Xahf RI ftpnt ~
most limits to meet the needs OF produce buyers
There was some disturbance OF trade The New
England States, accustomed to, the cheap markets
OF Canada, had to look elsewhere for supplies. The
brewers OF New York and Pennsylvania expe.
renced inconvenience in obtsinlng barley, and
woollen and worsted manufacturers found it diff
cult 10 replace the staple they had hitherto drawn
abundantly from the British possessions. BuG the
Canadians suffered to very great extent. The
treaty mad enriched their country and afforded
the most profitable market Tor their cattle ana
produce, and during the past eight years they have
sought IN every way TO have the compact renewed.
THE PRESENT TREATY.
The former aversion to renewing free trade with
the Provinces, so strongly stated by Mr.. Seward
has lessened TO remarkabl. degree. Three years
ago Mr. Fish would not listen to the proposition
In New England 1t Is understood the feeling Is very
much in favor OF reciprocity, and, as many OF the
dinicultes that at one time existed have been
cleared away it is most likely the negotiations
no IN progress at Washington viii result IN q
iact the terms agreed upon are reported to be as
10llowS:-
United states tor the fisheries under the Washing.
The Canadian canals. from Lake Erie to Mon.
trea to be enlarged within three years at the cost
OF Canada, so as to admit the passage OF vessels
260 feet IN length and As feet In breadth, and with
depth equal to the capacity OF the lake narbors.
That during the continuance OF the treaty all the
Canadian canals and the Erie Whitehall. Saute
ste. Marie ana Lake st. Clair Canals snail be open
to the vessels and boats OF both countries on the
same oDditions and terms
That tile tree navigation OF Lake Michigan be put
the same terms as the free navigation OIL the st.
Lawrence River.
That the navigation of the ST. CLAIR Flats shall be
maintained at the expense OF Dotn countries In
proportion to their commerce thereon.
That the products OF the larm, forest, mines and
waters, ana also ANIMALS, meats and products OF
the dairy, be admitted into both countries free, as
provided In the treaty OF 1854 Agricultural imple-
wood mineral oils salr and some other articles
may be included.
This would constitute comprehensive and Mb-
eral arrangement. amounting almost to absolute
free trade between the United States and the
Dominion. *.
made by the British and Canadian represe natives
we're not acceded to by Mr. Fsn:-A reciprocity Of
patents issued IN one country binding IN the other;
reciprocity OF privileges lot vessels engaged IN rhe
coasting trade and OF register OF vessels-that Is,
same rights and privileges in the ports OF the other
that domestic shipping nave, and that register In
either country should be recognized in the other
as having the same eject as though it occurred
there.
COMMANDING IMPORTANCE OF RECIPROCITY.
The communication OF such a treaty as that Of
1854 mas been urged by boards OF trade and cham.
bers OF commerce IN different parts OF The country.
The New England press are unanimous IN favor OF
1t. The Produce Exchange OF New YORK recently
passed resolutions approving OF the project. and
the Boston Board OF Trade has made q strOnG APP
peal to The government to conclude without de.
lay, an arrangement In which New England as well
as the country aG large has q commanding inter.
est. 1t Is averred that reciprocity treaty would
be blessing to both countries; that the commerce
$50 600 900 annually, would be speedily doubled, il
unrestricted intercourse could De had, considering
the grand connections 0! the great lakes. rivers
n
the Eastern States the strongest Ieeling prevails
for Tree trade with the provinces. In that section
numerous connections by rail have been added TO
those already existing, In anticipation OF areturn
TO reciprocity. These enterprises according to
pected for the reason that tariffs and custom
the current Of trade which are the results or the
abrogati0n Of the treaty u 1854
THE OUTLET FROM MONTREAL
to the ocean closes ana opens ater than the canals
more than half the year American ports are the
shortest routes through winch gram. provisions
aud the products OF the forest that come to Mont
real can be forwarded, and also the shortest routes
through which that city can draw supplies Tor It's
interior trade. Under reciprocity Boston would
PROBABLY bear the same relation to Montreal that
New York now bears to Chicago. AS sea port
Montreal can never be success, but rs growing
distributing point, drawing rom New York and
Boston It's supplies and shipping through Eastern
Fac abrogatlon OF the RECIPROCITY Treaty forced on
Montreal expensive efforts for direct foreign
commerce; the renewal OF reciprocity will give the
outlet by the cheapest route the prosperity IL
ought to have.
EFFECT OF ABROGATION ON TRADE.
The former treaty, as mentioned BEFORE was In
force from 1855 TO 1885, and during that period the
gain OF the United Statcs-the balance OF trade
being continually in our favOr-is estimated at
$4,000, 600. Since its termination the exchanges
between the two countries have greatly diminished,
SO that at the present time alter the lapse OF
nearly eight years. Notwithstanding the increase
III wealth and population OF Doth countries, the
aggregate reciprocal trade Is less per annum Than
above, and TO these may be added the following.
The total value OF exports and imports OF the
United states to and from the British North Amert.
provinces In ls65'G6 the last year OF the
treaty, was $Sa,070000. The next year 1S66-67 II
was Dut S57,927 ,000 In 1s6S-69 It further declined
TO $56,2s7,0o0 In 1S71-72 1t increased tc
s7s,o0oOo0, and Tor ls72-73 1t was ssa.3Sl6 2i
or nearly s2,O0O,0OO less than the last year
OF the treaty OF 1854. In lS64-65 we sold the