, 1874-06-15

TINT tho Fetlcral Oonas[tution forbndo the on-
alavomons Of auY porhon In Tho Union. To Or,
gln1ons wan bnacd nololy on Amendment ""
continuing, among, othor things, provision that
No porH0u s!,allbe deprived ot life, lllrss or
PROCESS which ombraeos NIL Indictment and
trie by Jury for sonlo alleged crimo, and verdict
md sentence in os,ch ooi1rt." The wit ot ha1oaH
American slnvc was ovor " deprived Of liberty "by
thfs .'ptocosa." THIS prohibition, bang an
nmonlnlont, coming IN afterwards controls md
annula (ANtd Mr.. Stowart) wilatovor ~ tho orig
icii TO y will.
Public nttontion WAS now roltBotl. Previous
uttorancos Of others. not "molern Abolition
tata," came to light III tho Legislature Of Now
statesman Of tcseryodly high reputation. aaid:
Thu adoption OF lilo Declaration Of 1ndopend-
enco in ta State rondorod savory unconstitu-
tional." To THIS, john 9. Spencer ono Of the
promptly responded: II so further thnn the
gontleman from Delaware. ! contona that tue
t!lBt ACT Of our nation, boing SOLEMN rccogni-
t1on Of tho liberty amd equality OF nll men.
and That tho rights OF lborty aud happiness aro
inalienable, was tho cornerstone Of our Coli-
federacy, and is
ABOVE ALL CONSTITUTIONS AND ALL LAVE"
1t is said that this uttolnlco and others
John q. sponccir to to lbs oico of GEiof-Juutce Of
thu United Statcs.
It will be geon THAI tho preceding riowe cut m
tho idea of tho conntitution4litY Of Sayory by
tho roots Scarcely lous decided blow WAS
struck at 1t by others, who knooGod ont tic I'LL
torrinning Of tho pretended "compronHrs oE
tho Constitution" without which, 1t was al.
lcgod, the Slave States would never havo come
into tho Untou.-just a. though 1t wns by tho
adoptlon Of the Constitution that tho Union wus
formed, III 17S7-1, and tint boforo TINT time tho
several statos were separate independent soyer-
sgnties, without my binding union With each
M ts1 TN
tnst as they, peaacd. 0nst M the robelllng
StateB claimcl tho right of going out Of it,
John Quincy AdailD. IL Fourth Of July orH-
tion. at Nowblryport, prckod the bubble Of this
authenticated aud documentary facts Of tho
case. Tho Union Of Tho Colouies wus formed
by tho old Continental Congroes, Oct. 20. It'll,
presided ovor by roytou l.nndoph, aud signed
Que Of ticm) from, twelve colonies. tnelu!ing
Delaware, Maryland. Virginia, North Carolna,
South Cayona-oyory Slave State but Gcorgia.
Lii. Adams sald That "1'ls Declaration 81 1ntIo-
psaGnis pDa spsp. asSsfo sss tss 9qed M m oooii ss
aajrn,oa sod declared not eef e tic separate, ba!
OF tho United statoa (p: 10). "Iho idea or
separate sato sovereignty had evidently 20 part
in tho composition Of this papcr" lp.33). Again:
upon the ilrst Principles Of Christianity" u. g.;
''upon tho ntnlterablo and otogsIai PRINCIPLES of
human rights (,. 1v). 1.-THE Constitution was
q couauualnatiou of tlo Declaration al Iutenend-
sneo" g. ~ Evidently thGn3 foa according ,ra +, TO-
1774 hnd been continued down to tho forming OF
tho Federal Constitution. which itself
3tusF HAVE BEEN AaA1SBr SLAVERY.
instead of a conlpromse" ia itB fayor. Nothing
can he moro absurd thau tho auppositlon that,
either an Colonies or States, they could havo
yenlurod upon the war With Great Britain sep
aratoly, OF otherwise than Us united people, or
otherwise haye become n nation "Among the
IL fltn,y yS11nth
solves to 10.
Furthermore, on looking into those old TAR
t,clos Of Association Of l774. wo tlud QUO Of
the fourteen (vlz. tho aecord) specifically and
ing Of Baves." And in another article (tho
ipurtecntl) it IL said that, II any Colony Or
acecdo to-, oc shall hereafter yloato
Of tho rights of froosncn mud as iniln'ca to tho
| liberties Of this county," A plodEo against
| secession.
This aavorH moro of atroug " Continontal
control ovor tie Colonies, tho futuro ''stases,"
and uYa'nBt human enHlayomont, than it dues Of
| n "guarnnty" Of 'State Sovereignty" in ita
favnr.-a refusal ito como into tic Union f"
ualoss it should bo "acooletl to-"
1t was not stranEe that tho statements Of a1r.
| Adusns. an1 III examination Of our documentary
history, should have quickoned tho inquiries III
AholitrUuistB. alfeaGy BuBpectlnE the RUlndnoss
! OF tho views generally entertained respecting tho
| Constitution.
who, like Alr. Adams, never embraced the doc.
| tsino, finally reached. Of tho absolute uEeous.i-
tutionallty OF Slavery, and the power nf Tho Fet-
eral Government over It, while numittinE Some
oil tho alleged ''compvomlse1 OF tho ConHtitll-
tlou," was, nevertheless, Id to repudla.o the
| ona most commonly reBorted to- md most conf
dontlY insisted upon by thoHe WHO atfirm that
southern States refused to como into the Union,
to service and labor" Which, ho insisted was
not intended to DO applied to slaves, the Con-
yention huyng nctnay refused to udopt Il
clause Of tint cha1actor. [lettor BY tho lion.
samue 4. Eot Jays Worlss, pp. 574, 677.]
III 1914, "Viows Of AnlericAn Constitutional
Law iu Its Bearing on american Slavery" by
| William Qoo0el!. was publlshed-a pamphlet, in
which it WIS maintained that, oitLer by '.etrict
construction" Or bv tue spirit Of the Cousti-
tution," ILL sot forth III its preaAuo, that luasru-
mont, properly construed, according to legal
rules of Interpretation used In tho courts, 20 far
from continuing any guarantee of Slavery, Or
compromises with ic,
| ABSOLUTELY ronn1ps IT,
and guarantees every State against it, [Act w.,
Thia was soon followed By another, Lysaudor
| spoanor's "Unconhtitutionality Of Slavery"
work highly praised by lawyers; alMl enlarged
by = " Fart H.. which et1cctualy eilonccd ot-
] 1octors. lertt Smith and Jool Tiffany wrote
1 aul publiBel pa.Mplots Of similar cllalactnr,
| No counser:pnblication OF uote. it any AZ all,
appeared against al'y Of them. Numerous and
largo CONVENTIONS wore held, ut Which, utter dts
| cussion, aomotlmes in the fuco ct opposition,
large najorities voted il, fayor OF the doctrine.
Converts wers made in abundance. not fsw of
thom. prominent citlzons. lawyers, aud othors,-
tho Rev John p,etpont, formerly lawyer, be-
| lug one OF them. A6oisionsts formerly Of 9TH
er yiows, as 3. s. Fostor md Frederick Douglass,
borauno it's advocates. At length, able lawyers
declined tho solicitations Of their political asuo
clatos combat the aos doctrine in lebate. de-
clnring that tho printed arguments in its favor
| wore imprcgnablo. Otlors. having once entered
| tho lists, admitted aftorwadb TINT thoy
pouHoI tho doctrino, und ,Mts it, atlyocaoy was m
| admitted into nonlo other Anti-SaYery
papers, as tho National Era, Of Dr. Da.loy,
Of Cincinnati. It was adopted by a stato Con-
,yentlon Of the Liberty party in 1faHsachnsetts,