New-York tribune., 1873-04-12
APPLIED SCIENCE.

FuTER OF SPUN GIAss.--Aocording to Weiskopi
o 6Iter giving very clean hltrates with great ra-
pidity, may be made 10y feltiug extremely fine hla-
ments of spun glass and employing them IN the same
manner as asbeStus
FAdDKN HERRING FISHERY oF lS7S.-Accordlng
to she report Of the German FSh0e Vocin, the ves-
sels engaged in the herring fisheries sent out from
she town Of Emden into the North Sea, not far from
the coast of Scotland and the Shetland Islands COM
pletcd their work for the early in January,
and the results although inferior to those of prev-
sus years were considered fairly satisfactory These
vessels SIX in number were occupied from the mid
die of june each making about four trips or - IN
all The proceeds OF the whole am3unted 10 ~ ~
pounds of Goldfish with S44 tons of Salted, ana 10
tons of smoked herring, the whole representing
value of so 40 thalerS. The management of the yes7
selS and of the fisheries generally required the SCI
vices Of 80 men.
RaPfp PrcRIING OF MEAT-Roll the meat in
mixture of l6 ounces salt ounce saltpeter ana
sanoe sugar, 80 that all parts may be completely
slted; then wrap closely in piece OF cotton clolh
previously well scalded and dried. and place IN a
porcelain OF other vessel The cloth is essential with
small pieces, to retain the brine formed IN contact
with the meat. After about 10 hours, however, some
brine win drain off into the bottom of the vessel ann
IL will be necessary then TO turn the meat sun
wrapped up daily. piece OF SIX pounus, Ie3tSH i ~
TINS way wa d0I SIX faSs st anS sufficiently picked
For larger quantities the cloth may DE 3lsPeits.u
with sinee the brine formed Will De suIncient 10
cover the mass provided the pieces are CLOSELY
paeked. and ANY unavoidable cavities filled with
stones.
BRIusH ExnrBIIIoN OF FISHING PRODUCrs AT
vnNNA.-The British Commissioners for the Inter
national Exposition at Vienna for 1873, have ar
ranged for special department of fish as food The
following resolutions were proposed at recent
meeting and the labor of carrying them out was IN
trusted to Mr. Frank BuCkland: First it is desirable
10 show in small aquaria, living specimens of the
several varieties Of sahnOnidB and other freshwater
fish, as far as practicable. Second, painted casts
should be procured and exhibited of all kinds of
British and foreign fish used in England for food;
they should be arranged. as far as possible IN genera
and species; illustrations should IT possible, De
gwen by chemical analysis of their value as articles
of food; and where casts cannot be procured pre-;
served specimens. or should
De exhibited. Third, measures should be taken to
obtain representation of nets and fishing lmpIe,
ments of all kinds Fourth, preserved hSh OF an
countries and all kinds as Tar as possible shoulu pe
exhibited. and arrangements for testing them be
m'pde, in concert with Messrs SpierS Pond.
CILTURE or THE SIERLET.-Dr. Knoch in COM
muuicaton upon the artificial culture of the sterlet
t. mnch esteemed small species of sturgeon found in
the river Volga remarks that the best food for the
newly hatched fish consists of the various species of
GASlops and DGphRid, such as developed In
saantity in connection with aquatic plants, like the
water-cress &c These are devoured by this fish as
greedily as they are by the wbtefsh COregoRus and
the other SaImOnidG. which attain wonderful
growth in the course of four months.
Dr. Knoeh refers TO specimens of both the eggs
and of the young fish prepared by him. in bichromate
of potash as exhibiting remarkable state OF preser-
Naton. and rs being III condition suitable 1or IN
Vestigating the various stages of growth. In con-
heotiOn with this he also remarks that the method
Of dry impTeCnatiou which has been so successful
with the salmon and trout is not suited to the
sterlet since the eggs like those of many other fish
1.-THE CsprindG carp especially, so glutinous aS
20 stick Immediately TO any object that they may
touch, 90 that when gathered from the parent and
stirred together, they adhere TO degree which pre-
vents the proper penetration by the spermatozOa.
STANFORD PROCESS OF TREATING ExCRETA.-Some
years ago Mr.. EC. Stanford presented to the British
Association of Science a method of dealing
with excretal matters, fish ofal and other offensive
nitrogenous substancesHs to the whole of
their value as manures in an inOffensive form. The
process simply consists i'll combining the material
with charcoal which at once removes all odor. The
mixture NAV be stored and gradually becomes quite
dry. II is then passed through returning retorts,
when the whole of the nitrogen comes off as
monia This is neutralized with acid, and can
then be evapOrated with the residual charcoal from
the rtolts thus forming general process free from
ofensc.
Dr. Williamson, however dissented from the rea-
soning and insisted that the process must fail, be-
-ause, according to StenhOuse, such nitrogenous
matters III contact with charcoal become o1ldzed 10
nitric or nitrous acids, which, of course, would en-:
trelv yitate the results With view, therefore, OF
testing this point. Mr. Stanford has prosecuted Sc
res of experiments the results of which he sums up
iN stating: first that charcoal mixed In equal
weights with nitTogenOus matter acts simply as
Iicr second it does not act as an oxidizing agent
thu afYah md MT
formation of nitTates; third, 1t is probable that
after the lapse of some itime and If the mixture be
artiAcialy dried. a small proportion OF nitrogen
may be eliminated in the form of ammonia; fourth,
;ilat for All practical manufacturing or manurial
purposes there is but little loss of nitrogen IN such
mixtures.
BRyANr PInZE FOR 1S12.-The Breant Prize has
been adjudged to NJ. Chauveau by the Academy Of
Sciences of Paris for his researches upon virus and
virulent malades. This gentleman has, for many
years, been engaged in experiments upon the sub
ject and has already reached results of very-Rreat
scientific and practical Importance. In his investi-
cations upon vaccine virus he able to strain out
certain granuatOns from the serosity forming the
contents of the vaccine pustue and he ascertained
the liquid itself was inert, and that the action
il due entirely TO the solid granulations.
Again, when water was added, these granUlations
were found TO settle at the bottom, leaving in
actiye layer above; but when the liquid was dis
turbed and these gTanulations stirred about, the
vaccine properties were impaired to the whole
mass. He thus found that the virus diluted with
50 times its weight of water is decided its action
as when concentrated; indeed he has been success
ful with vaccine when diluted with $50 times its
weight of water; but in this case with less GER
tainty.
Prof Chauveau next took up the determination Of
the action Of virIlent and morbid pus, and found
here before that the specific action rests entirely
tn the elementary corpusces held in suspension in
hur He agcprfaned that they cOuld he