Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-17
Industrial Progress.


coal in 1871.
The British Mining Record Office di-
vides the United Kingdom into IA coal
fields.
1t is reported that extensive borax
deposits have been found in Kern
County, California.
The condition of mining in the vicin-
ity of Helena, Montana, is reported to
be very satisfactory.
A company has been incorporated in
Portland, Oregon, for the purpose OF
manufacturing railroad and bar iron.
1t is claimed that the colored marble
of Salano County, California, is su-
perior in point of beauty to any Euro
pean stone of like nature.
The quantity of ores exported from
California has decreased, for the salts
factory reason that more is now smelt-
ed at home than was dore formerly.
One inch of rainfall distributes 100
tons of water over an acre of land-a
suggestive fact in a mechanical as well
as agricultural point of view.
There are 851, 900 sewing-machine
made annually in the United States.
Three companies make more than l50,-
900 each. A very large profit is reallz-
ed on them.
Recently 1886 tons of rails were made
in fortnight at British iron COM
pany's works-the largest quantity ever
made in England under one roof within
the same space of time.
Much anxiety is felt in Russia regard
ing the destruction of forests, which
proceeds very rapidly, and threatens to
deprive the country of one OF the most
valuable of its export products, WOOD
for building purposes.
London has q " Salvage Corps" sup
ported by fire insurance companies,
which aids the fire brigade in extingulsh-
ing fires, guards propertyin burnt build
ings, and looks after the interests OF the
insurers generally.
"Indurated tar, substance which,
it Is claimed, does not crack, shrink,
nor blister, and on that account would
be well adapted for coating iron vessels,
is now being tested for that purpose IN
British government dockyards.
Experiments are making on British
railroad to test the rival merits OF the
two patent railway carriage lamps.
Both lamps burn petroleum oil the flash
ing points of which is 200 degrees, and
the cost of burning is less than half that
of the oil hitherto used.
The finished iron-makers of England,
representing 5000 to 5000 pudding
furnaces, recently offered their work
people to continue paying 4. II (l2s. 6d.)
per ton for pudding, and other wages
in like proportion. Some of the work
men have the offer under advisement.
Silicate soda has been discovered to
exert very decided chemical action in
checking alcoholic fermentation, in this
respect being somewhat similar to borax,
although much more energetic. A small
quantity of the silicate will entirely ar
rest the fermentation of wine, as also OF
milk.
During the year ended June 30, 1872,
the United States imported 49O, ,631 tons
of coal, whereof 257, ,447 tons came from
the New Canadian Dominion, and 233,-
1874 tons from other countries. We ex-
ported during the same time 4OO,o7S
tons. of which 291, ,047 went to the Do
minion, $4,000 tons to Cuba, 1000 to
the States of Colombia, and Is, TOO to
China.
1t appears from the official report of
the British Challenger exploring ex-
pedition, that in the Atlantic the sum
mer heat penetrates to depth of about
600 feet below which the temperature
is uniform all the year round. The ex-
periments made also demonstrate that
at depth of from one to two miles the
temperature of the water is everywhere
2S deg. to deg. below the freezing
point.
If there are a good many arts and in
ventions lost, there is no lack OF new
ones, to Judge from the advertisement
of patent broker in the interior, who
offers ''the cheapest and best farm fence
ever built, "a new gas lamp that costs
only half cent an hour, ga horse rake
that has no equal, "a new glass-cutter
that beats the diamond, ," CRATE bar
that doesn't burn out" and finally,
'toy engine that every boy should have
for instruction"
Regarding Bessemer steel, which is
now SO largely manufactured in the
United States, Sheffield (Eng.) cor
respondent observes: "Bessemer steel
continues in great request, its applica-
ton to new purposes being almost week
ly extended. It can be produced so
much cheaper than cast steel made in
the old way, and yet is so tough and
endowed with many of the virtues OF
best cast steel that there is no wonder
that it's use is becoming pretty nearly
universal"