The sun., 1873-06-20

look at the star.lh sky without noticing them o
one direction or another.
THE RIsE AND FALL OF THE TIDES
were carefully observed. the average being
about i've and One-half feet. Tie greatest
| depth OF water noted was about 100 fathoms.
The existence OF a constant current outward
wh the 'y Se psd i
temperature was found to be much milder than
was expected, the minimum being IS. below
the culdest month"; The prevailing winds
were from the northeast, although there
were occasionally tempests from the southwest.
High winds were noticed, however, from all
points ~ the compass. Rain was occasionally
observed. only on the land. however. the precip-
tation presenting itself the ice in the forn
uf snow. During the summer the extent "
ana ice. excepting patches here and there IN the
shade ~ the rocks. The soil dur u! this period
Wa covered with moro or less dense vc.:ett-
were intcrsrcr~ed, some ~ them - l,ier,e
p'o ncAiliiF, out ehtifrly without scent. aud
Shrubs.
The rocks noticed were of a schistose or -la'c
rl1nts' specimens 81 which we're collected. Dis
iinct evidences ~ former glacicrs wc,c seen in
localities now bare OF ice, these Indications CON
SIM ih ne occurrence VI terminal a"d lateral
AnuNpANcE or ANIMAL LIFE.
Animal life WAS found to abound, musk
oxen hclng shot at Intervals throughout tie
winter, their food consisting OF the moss and
other vegetation obtained during the season 10y
scraping on the snow with their hoofs Wolves.
alSo bears and foxes and other animals " ere re-.
water fowls includns povcr " ard other u wsdng %ie
hirds aboundcd during the summer. Although
the species Of land birds were comparatively
tew' including. however, a. might have been cx-
perted, large Numbers Of ptarmigan or snow
partridge.
the occurrence ~ hawks and owls. No ish were
seen, although the net and lines were frequently
The waters. III however. Wsro fonSd @ % asd 'hs To- sn
extraordinary degree with marine inyertebrata.
including Jelly hsh and shrimps. 1t was be-
lievcd bv the party that tue seals depend upon
the latter Tor their principal subsistence, the
seals Themselves being very abundant. Nuner-
ous tiiaccts were observed also. especially scvc-
raj SPECIES Of butterflies. specimens Of which
,.cre cohcc'c cd also, flies bees, and insects OF
like character.
run GEOGRAPHICAL RESULTS
81 the Polaiis expedition so far a. they. can now
3e r sscertained from the testimony of Messrs.
stunned .up briefly IA follows: The open Polar
sea laid down by Kane and Hayes is found to he
formed by the somewhat abrupt expansion ~
kennedy Channel to the northwsrd. and broken
east by large inlef twenty miles wide al
the opening aud certainly extending far inland.
lt. lenrth was not ascertaincd. and Mr.. Meyer
think- II Way he. in fact, strait extending til
II communicates with the Francis Joseph
Sound of the Germania and Hansa expedition,
ana with 1t defining the northern limits Of
l,reeniaud. Ili. inlet was called the southern
Ford. North q 1t on the ,.arne side is the IN
d"utatipu of tie shure called Polaris Hay bv
Cart. Hal whore the Pollris wintered In latitude
So aN north. The northern point " this hay Was
uaiIed CaIe Lupton. IT. southern point H. ,rt
without a name. From Cape Luutou the land
shore Of
from twenty-hvc 10 thirty hnics " le opening
ont ot tie soihd above mentioned. to whtrh
name of Rob"-nn'- straits. The we.tern shore
"f these straits north " Grnncu Land. t. also
ntncless. Northeast of Cape Iupton. IN la',-
tude 81, Is a deep inlrt. which Capt iinll
called Ncwmans BAY. naming it, northern point
,ape brcyoort and it, southern blum sumner
iieadland The trend of the land continues TO
Repglse llarbor in latitude 81 o. nortn. the
highest northern position reached by land dur
ihg this expedition. from an elevation of Leo
feet at Repulse Harhor on the east cnast IL
hotssons Strats. the land continues northeast
To the end ~ these straits, aud thence east and
southeast til lost In tho d's.lnce, its vanishing
roint bearing south Of east from u g place %
northeast, but land was seen on the west coast
extending north "a far n the eye could reach.
aud apparently terminating In a hcadland SO
north.
TIr orrN POLAR sr,
Mr.. Meyer also states that dire 'tly to the north
mentioned. a line oi light apparently circular IN
form which wa Thought by other observers 10
be land, but which he supposed To indicate open
Bcsides ascer;Aining accurately the condition
and extent uf what was before supposed to he
an open polar sea. dlscoyerinf tho southern
nord to the southeast aud ltlheson's Straits To
the north. with another wide eNpSu-r at water
beyond u, and eNt"nciug hv examination aud
survey the coa4t line un the east M 10 lati-
tudc s,e north. aud 10y observation somewhat
further prpluu-in- the west coast TO the north
ward, and p ,s.iu. with the polaris under -tC IN
the high latitude Of So lG north. point far bee
yrnd the limits Of all previous uayi.ati ION toward
the Pole. errors ia the shore line OF the west
Gn9,t; a; laid down 10y Dr. ilaLrs aud alsn crr.rs
br. Kane, were observed and corrected.
bf course the fun scientific results uf tie
folarls expedition cannot he known until that
vessel shall have hccn found and brought back
Ntth the Treasures she Ia, gathered. and the
re- ords and detail- Ol her Arctic cAploratiun.
have examined 10 excite expectation aud su-
courage the hope Of large aud valuable addi-
u'ns to The domain Of human knowled-e.
Secretary Of the Navy.
,,e SrENHE" i. BAlNp.
NH, RtYAoLpS.
Cumuodurc l.. :. Navy.
". W. n NNC NrE
To the President Iune 10, iSi3.
Cnpt. HHl'. nc-pntch.
SIXTH SSowHoUsE ESC AWPlisNr, carr DRr-)
VuuWr. NuUTH SIM ENTRANtE To NEW
MASS BAY, lat. s,- North, lon. ol'
~ West, Oct. 20, ISL
T. r' H9Ho,gt, Ners'Iry ef ms t4.teJ StHa N0rV.
Myself and party, consisting Of Mr.. Chester
nrsl mate. mate, my E.g9imaN. J9e' snd Greeniand
THANK God Hnrhor, lat. sl' .S north, Ion. ei' ~
west, a! meridian Of OCT. 10, on Journey, hy
two sledgcs, drawn hy fourteen dogs. 10 III cover
II possible a feasible route inland for nv
slcslge 70 journey next sprinH t. reach the
found better than route over M, old tocs and
hummurks Of the strait winch have denomi-
mated Rohc .ou Strait after tho honorable Score
tary Of the United States Navy. We arrived hcr9
tho afternoon Of Oct. IL. having dis
covered lake aud river our
way. Along the latter our route, "A
mort scrpcntine one, which he'd MS on 10 this
bay. hittcu minutes distant from here, suuth-
ward and eastward, from the top Of ~ iceberg
near the mouthut said river We could sec that
this bay (which have named after the Rev. br.
Newman extended to tine ilgh land eastward
and suuthward Of that pn~tiun about
fifteen miles, making the extent Of New
mans BAY, from Its headiaud or cape
full thirty miles. The aouth cape is "A hign,
bold, aud noble hcJdland. | have named IL
summer Hcadland, after the Hon. Charles SUM
ncr the orator and United states Senator; and
the north cape Brcynort Cal,c, after j. Carson
BrcNOuTt. "a strong friend t. arctic discoveries.
man iiny open, the water having numerous seals
in II buDuiug up their heads. This open wat"r
making close to both sumner llcadlaud and
Brcvuort Cape, ana the lee Of kohcson strait
being un the move, dchurcd all chance Of eN-
tending our journey on the ice NJ the strait.
I he muuntaiuou, land none other about herrl
viii not admit II our journcying further nuIth,
and ~ the time Of our expected absence was
understood to he for two weeks we commence
our ruturn Tomorrow morning. To-day We are
STORM BllSD
in this our sixth encampmCnt. From Cape lrc-
WORT We can sec land, extending ON the west
side of the strait 20 north g2o west, and distant