, 1873-01-23

ES<E{Y1 kesSt8 ~ a. e ss:
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Tho first nhipmont of wheat from that city, u
bushels, was made In 1888, and In 18ld, only
twonty-nino yoars ago. tho elipmcnts woro losl'
than million Of b!,sho1s. Up to that limo no
ether cereal had Iocn ahipped Eaasgard. In
boing expreshoi in bushels -woroS 81, ,51s, ,2o2,
and tho shipments 1850, ,71o. Last
ac. hH reGSp5 as sn f%tHss saoro.apS rS
q Tho ida noard Of rrse 9' Wers es aosins
nbout tho enmo f1Curoa for city consumption,
lilo shipments for 1a72 would an,onnt to 76,000.--
600 h,1ahols. lilo iigurea for oach year in most
brcadstufrs, koeping pace with tho settlement
Of tho country WoBt Of Ln!to Michigan. A rofor-
once to the tabes showing tho commerce IN Tho
animal products Of our vast fortio .plairtos
would ylola tho sarno rosults' and mood not DO
WITH all tho incrcaao Of production weat of
Lako Michigan wo 1laye nd1ed but ono railway
to our channels OF transit for 1t to tho scaboard
sa'%ay safs 1850 iho III lass @ NY aai ' tS%i sa
After ai1 '''"les having 'a atudied carefully ito
rosourceB, and tho probable Development Of the
Tho flrBt Convontion, hold at Toronto to conBldor
how our transit limos could DO increased, Oil tho
18th Of September Of that year: "ns vol Mt
tompt to load the boiling clrront Of Niagara to
tho aea il hoac-pipo as 70 ship tho products Of
thcso 100000 square milos to the ocean by tho
Eric and tho Wellanl Canals, and nil THO rail-
! why's nov, Or hereafter to DO constructed" Tho
War OF the Rebellion havo somewhat delayed tho
| fulfllmont Of what then seemed to many tho
vagarics Of m oyer-heatol imagination; but
that It is litorally oven painfully trio, to-day,
thia Convention cannot doubt Tor moment,
! Tho question before tho Farmers Convention,
Of Illinois, roccntly hold at Bloomington, mootcd
aH learn almost with desparing oarnoutnoss,
4 was, Can any f,rosout relief bc found for tho
our produce? I can 500 but two aourcoa--one
in ali active demand at high figures, cauaol by
war in Europe. This would only bo temporary,
at beHt. Tho only permanent roief is to DO
bought for by opening channs herenfter to be
noticed for vessels Of 1000 tons, down tho ST.
Lawrence to tho ocean.
And now We come to tho prico OF
rRE1aHrs,
md what Is needed to lower them to such q fig
uro that tho farmers west of LnIe Michigan can
ocean, mud not have tho proceeds of their toll
consumed in getting them to market. On this
branch Of tho subject, the cost Of froighta cast
Of Chicago is tho only tllng to DO considered,
|
roitucod gradually, by competition among tho
railways aud by tho greater amount Of products
tto 30 handled. The freight on corn from ;Q. Pcs
to- na piss seD Te9 to th9 ron % 10
to II cents por hundred, about 12h conts par
b,,shcl,-ana, in process Of time. o further re..
duction may possibly ho made, Tic average Of
York, for tic year ISL, waa 33.l cents per
,fenti ,,ns. ' lavo l'1 the opinion 'S's Of tic %
Presidents Of two of our larsost railways,
devoted entirely to freight woro built betwoon
| Now York and Chicago, tho ratio could not DO
reduced hollow - conts rer bushol. That would
mako the freight charges OH n bushol Of corn
from DesaEoincs to tide wa:cr D2]S oonts ut tho
| lowest rate TINT can bo hoped for by all rail,
autl, atldng the commissions Of the middle mon,
35 to 30 corts would bo lovioa, 60 that you may
Hafely coleulatc 1t will cost you nt least throo
New York. Using pronellors botwoon Chicago
uud Buffalo OF Erlo, aud rail TO- Now York, tho
aycrago tariff Of freight for 1871 was 23.4 ccnts
por bns1el for corn,. aud 25.2 FOR wheat,
being about centa loss tha1, by all rail.
Tho average freight OIL corn by sail vcssol
from Chicago 10 Dutfaio, for tho paet summer,
was small fraction above Q contn per buBllol.
aid canal froighta to Now York, 1a oouts on
corn, aud i21S cents OH wheat, md tho charges
on thoao grains to New York will be about al to
rs cents per banhol Owing to tho largo
. |
ranged from to s conts hisAor during tho prcs-
ont yenr aboyo tho ratcu ruling in 1o7t. Tho
rates by propeller and rnil to bnn'a!o end Now
York, and BY mil md cana}, Layo approached
taxed to tleir utmost capacity. and moro. lho
Jirio Canal cannot bo enlarged, for tho wa:or-
ghod Of uto country through which
It runs willnot afford nrGcr supply Of water
tofeed tho canal, and tho question returns what
cal bo dono to nccilro for our products Il moro
capnciouH ohn1,nol, md therefore cheaper transit
to the ocean i? I easwer III tho language Of tho
lato Captain Hlgunin, oi,o Of onr bast mud oarl-
ho made tia mighty woBt, n,alo alno tlie lnSi:s
and the mighty st. Lawrence 10 float their conf
1nerco to tic ocean" Yruo wo hnvo tho napids
OF tho st. Lawronce aud tho Falls Of Niagara |;
lahos, and without them motoorology hay long
since proved tint our, v"ut ., tconl-
ing prarloa would be uria ns
tho regions OF Central Aaia, Around
built aericn Of oanals p"ssng ycsuola Of sono
thrco and part Of tho way nix huntlroi tons bo-
tween tho lakea and tide wator Esory tyro in
commercial knowledge knows thnt rs You i'll
rolativo cost Of froightp. Enlargo tho Wcllaai
and tho st. Lnwronco Ca,aals. 10 aa to paaa vaa-
nols Of 1000 tons bnrthon, antl have tho o,i,,-
ion Of tho omiront railway Presidents ahoyo ro.
forrod to that bu6hol Of corn can bo transport.
cd from Chicago to Montreal for Il conta; n1il
by tic Caugl.newaga Canal, ,'oe ailnilar bizo, a.
tho Ohalnplain Canai, duly c,llaryoi, to
Now York, at IS cents. THIS Wow II more
i. Mason, who, III lid report on this Georgian
Bay Canal, as Consulting Engncor, with Kiyas
Tuioy, Esq., Of Toronto, estimating the cost oil
froiSllB iu veases Of 1000 tons butthen, by luke
at mills por ton por mile, by canal aud rlyor I'll
9, md oce!n at III foots ZIP thu cost of tyauu.
porting d buslelof WHEAT betwoon Chicago ant
Liverpool ut 20 cantB and to Aio,troal fraction.
above conts, Tako tho first ostiMatu, viz, l!
gHf mat nF Ill rF
, bolwoon Chicago a,la Montreal, and we l.ayo /
contn addod to the price Of ovory b'lnllcl pro
tlucod by our farmers. Tho effect Of Tint @,
thoir wealth md prosperity would be wonderful
ots Of your faslnora, md 1t woule
add 20 Fer cent to tho value Of every nero o
land lso posHossoH. Take tho tguros for yonl
AurpltB ~ put down IN tho Goyern.nont consu:
ga.,i