, 1873-12-06
SAXOMY,
Its Decline AMI Ea1i-.IKinr John I'll.
14axt Sovereign la anc E'at1t Senyo ~
Ian

Its Decline nnd EaIi--IKanr Jot,u tt.
i.ast Sovereign la anc Fail Son.o of
thu form,
Fran TIC ral ltaH Ga:ett..
King john Of Bnxony was tho Inst King Of
saxony In tho TUT gonso Of tho word. lie had
relgncd as aucl. fur many yaars; poworlcss OF
himself. but maintained ~ hs poaiion Of inlo-
pontont royalty by tho riynlry Of tho two great
States. Prussia a11d Auatrin between which his
small bnt prosperous domiafon WIN intorposei.
l. ves mid Of h|s prolseooaaorr, FroJor'o Ausna.
mistress. lho lato King dio'd 4 Vicoroy Q. oi
Prussia, and his sou only sakos up tho
inheritance Of that diminished dignity. Iio
had shown l'inlso'f superior, not only
TO int Sfo tp p't{ bs 'aesas nf G sas. rs0 RI va
!lnlf-dopoBou monarch, whom hD cast his own
powor, with his gallant family and lia we'll
ttainol Huldlery, into tho Bealo In 1870 tho
sido OF tho German FasAoriand: Das h. could
earn by sucll n,as,'anlnoua conduos only tlla ap-
plauao OF Ills own dorman onllsoIetca rad lilo
eHtuem Of hia thoroughly German aubjou:s
Prussia could not rot him M 'Ha!l1, II 1t would.
Iho fatqs Of Europo, rs:hor than tlo mere policy
And tile prcsont Saxon family have tho full CON-
ISOLATION Of rci!eotng that, whatever ttlminution
Of l1,stro their drnaaty and crown may hayo sua-
tslneA tll1ough recent o'enis. thoy have no ntla
IN tho main, straight forward aud upright i'll MI tho
conrso u oyonts sinco 1915. Tfcv woro \ Just
am1.y. n5a ko warclr gorecht" was thoyortlictof Of
@ taa Dfazaal, tl ro'laao WHOM Tho lido Of rovolu;;
tloh threatened to aLaio thcir HtatuoH and
n'enor!a!s III tho turmoil uf 1913. Though
"hayallsts By trade" They roaosnlxed Tim rights
q q tloir subjects. Ihoaxh Cathollo IN rolis.on,
noop'o entirely pro!catant. These things nro
not forgotten, md II tl,o memory Of tl.oui ea,l-
not maintain tho royal hotlsa III it's a,cel.t pro-
rogatiyos, It Will, a. all events, sce,,lo 1t much
respect and Sonic royrot.
Tnn House Of Saxony suffer, rs has hocn salt,
from tho prevalence OF ca;,Hos oyer Which they
iau no control, but partly also for tito moral and
political sins Of thor ancossora, worry tli!ro.
ttom themselves. It IL scarcely nov r:m9 H.
bored thnk only 15o years ago Saxony excc.d Cd
rraBsia both isl population hnd wealth. aud y %
IN most rosnoots fat lotter suited ror lcaier-
ship III tho two 6roat caueos Of Professionalism
iuorostz ito fsr:iis barSa Of s;,o Il. isi,,s E!ho
proaented very different aapocs f.o.n
lie eands Of D4adsnlurg. THO mincra aud
manufacturers OF tho Erzgcbirgo md Lus'ta
found no rivals among tbs hardy lut nuNro-
duotiyo laboring. classoa Of p1uastn Elegant
Qsosdos,: loarnol aal trading Lei,zis. presented
yoly different features tu tho eye of tho
spectator from ttoko Of droary DoGlin. ;rhe1o
than those on Which Ca:lylo 60 conp1aeoatly
dtlvtcs, on tito OCCASION Of tllo famous soiouru
of tho two Froilerics will, Augustus tho S:rong
at Dlondan in 1723. Tho narrative reads ko
l,vza.itlno or Italian ru!cr D,th Eleotnrs-
of Uradonburg aNd of Hlxoay-ai lei separate
Kingdoms to their Elo,toratoA; bat tue lormor
cantfiycd to N ,ite his royal dominion (prussia)
ot',or (polnnd) was moro source of
extrasaganco and weakness. Dut tho
great causo Of tho inferior dostiuy OF
baxony w,a not tho ordinary sln Of rnisgoyoya-
soyoreigna. in ali the groat crlsea Of European
politics. Ind !ho Ill.lnck or inprl.aonco to tako
The wrong side. Three tiulos tho fatcful chance
vas offered hcr-throo times deliberately thrawn
caud . undor austavus Alophus, l,or sovereign
must ncedB llavo succeeded to tue swados poti-
| cal inheritance. It proForrod allianco with tim
Empire, aud yes nat 10 heartily aud resolusoly aa
soyou Years. War sho cast hor lot with Austria,
! and this timo with moro crushing result. lIsr
army, nothing 10th as f4r us the feel
ings Of ol!cors and mon were con-
Only numc four roginants OF gallant saxona
were not comprised in tho captulation, mud those,
10 il is said. decided tho fortunes OF Tho field OF
Collin, tho first gssht defoat sustained by Ftod-
Pultowa." At the posco Of lIabortsuurg Sic
was virtually sacrificed by hor Austrian ally.
Dut tho Bacri!lco WAS ropea:od on creator aealo
| md NTH aoyoror consequences when sho com.
loon against Gorlnany. Tic lsstt fatal hunlla-
tion w,as undergone in valn: when her forccH
pasacd over from the ranks Of Franco to thoao
Of tue allies On the. very fold Of
| Leipzig, Inu treaty OF Vienna "trip
| ped lcr not the loss OF ouo-halt OF
| her remaining damtnions, ana tho representative
| Of tho earliest days OF Gorlnnn nationality aud
I ompiro tAo cradle OF German Professionalism,
almost OF German literature, caulo down to rank
on lovol with tho tlro-new Kingdom Of Wuf-
tcmburg, the Eloctoraos Of 1Iesso and Baden.
D1ttor, 10 doubt, slbIiat ai OF, OF tia most
lourtshng provinces of n grsat German Empire
highest. or nearly highest. in wealth md in
dustry, lettors, aud arts, and genoia! cultivation
than Us Monarchy lnorely maintained by tho
artificial support Ut mutual jcaluusioB bolwceu
moro pow elfu1 States