Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1873-11-14
FARM AND FIRESIDE.
ADVERTISING RATES

day sage l met an old friend living in an adj
joining county, and learned in the natural
exchange of news that he was engaged in
| Fruit Culture. L Immediately started in
quiries to learn all profitable facts that
would be of interest OF value. was as
| tonished to learn that he was selling his
apples (pippins by the way,) at five dollars
per barrel delivered at his depot, and that
he was contracting for the immediate de-
! livery, this season, of one thousand bar
| rels. Apples OF other varieties he ships to
| some near market-Lynchbrrg on Rich
mOnd-and sells them, even in seasons of
| plenty, at $3.50 per barrel. Now, what
| farmer having an orchard can afford to let
| this crop go to waste and what farmer
without an orchard can longer delay set
ting out at least few hundred trees
The. trouble of preserving and handling
the crop, was informed by my friend, is
not as great as one might imagine. Expe-
rience of northern fruitmen has demon-
strated one thing quite clearly, and that is
that apples should not go into the house
too early in the season. 1t is now time to
gather all sorts of apples. Handle care
fully, never shaking down, and never drop
ping them into the basket until the hand
is within three or four inches of the apples
already there. lll5sh H14 .-tsi
From the baskets pour them into pens
made in the open air OH the shady side of
a tree. To construct the pens, place suff-
cient rails for a bottom on a hillside, and
then make three sided pen by cutting
some rails half in two to lay up and down
hill, with others of full length crossing at
LAWYER end. After filling the pens, cover
with brush to keep off the sun perfectly,
but allowing free access of air. The APP
plies not resting on the ground, will not at 8
all be injured by rain. Leave out until
the sharp frosts are to be feared. Then
barrel in perfectly new barrels, and put
away in fruit cellar if yon wish to keep
longer, or ship to market. ,l
Remember the point of obtaining per-
fectly new barrels. The old barrels are 25
cents cheaper than the new ones, but the
apples, ON reaching market, will sell over
one dollar per barrel LAWYER in old barrels.
OF cannot be sold at all. Apples this year
will be high, hence farmers should at once
take care Of this important crop. 1t is
more profitable than corn, wheat OF tobac-
co, if properly managed, and gives only
one-tenth of the troubles. Plant out your
orchards; go on cultivating the fields in
which the trees stand, as the blowing will
only benefit them in melloWing the soil,
and the roots of the trees will never miss
what the crops take away. 3n
To those who live too far away from the
railroad to make the hauling Of apples to
the depot profitable, Iadvise cider and vim
egar making.
To make fancy brand of cider. Gather
only perfectly ripe apples, without speck
on them. Crush, grind, and press in a
clean mill, and put in barrel, having the
juice perfectly free Of all pomace. To one
barrel of cider add one pound of chemically
pure Sulphate of Lime. This cider will
keep one year without change, and, when
the brand becomes known as reliable one,
will bring at once, in Baltimore, thirty
cents a gallon.-Amherst Enterprise
WHY CLOVER IMPROVES THE SOIL.-
Professor Voelcker thus explains the &C.
ton of clover in increasing the fertility of
soils "All who are practically acquainted
with the subject must have seen that the
best crops of wheat are produced by being
preceded by crops of clover grown for seed.
[ have come to the conclusion thatthe very
best preparation the best manure is good
crop of clover. A vast amount of mineral
manure is brought within reach Of the corn
CROP which otherwise would remain in the
lock up condition in the SOIL The clover
plants draw the nitrogen from the atmos-
phere land manufacture substances, which.
on decomposition of the clover roots leave
produced abundant ammonia. In reality,
the growing clover is equivalent, to great
extent, to manuring with Peruvian guano.
and in this paper OF mine | show that YOU
obtain a larger quantity of manure than
does the amount OF Peruvian guano which
farmer would think of applying. 1t is on
ly by carefully investigating subjects like
the one under consideration that positive
proofs are given, showing the correctness
OF intelligent observers in the field.
How TO Boil CoRNED BREr.-Corned
beef should always be soaked over night,
unless it has been recently sailed, and if
so, it should be well washed. Put the
beef into boiling water, and as soon
as it boils up skim it well; remove the pot
from the hottest part of the fire, and let it
simmer constantly from four to six hours
according to the size of the piece half an
hour per pound is a good rule, and it will
apply to hams, corned beef or tongues
The chief reason of so mnch of our corned
beef being tough, and not deliciously ten
der, is too rapid boiling and for too short a
time. Ii meat is to be served cold, it is bet
ter to let it stand in the pot after cooking
until nearly cold then take it out and press
it under heavy weights, first pulling out
the bones. This will give you solid piece
meat, from which very thin slices can be
cut, which prove decided relish to the
most fastidous. 4u 1T
CLEANING CoAT-CoLLARs.-A corres-
pendent, III. T. B." in the far-off land Of
Tasmania sends what she considers the
best method of cleaning coat-collars =
''Take a piece of ammonia stone (carho-
nate of ammonial the size Of a walnut and
put it in cup of warm water. When dis
solved, take piece of clean flannel and din
It IN the solution and rub the collar two or
three, times With it. 1t will also remove
the glossy appearance along the seams and
upon the elbows"
USES FOR OLD NEwsPAPRRs,-Wsste
paper can be made to perform a variety of
service to household economy, ANY sur-
face like stove OF a CRATE requiring black
ing can be kept bright for long time bv
being rubbed daily with waste paper
Windows or any glass surface that has
been thoroughly washed can be wiped or
polished with pieces of soft newspaper =
I'm that has been secured, OF silver that
mas beer rubbed can be frightened in the
same way. House-plants covered with
newspapers viii resist the frost on cold
nights and outdoor plants can be protect.
ed III the same way. Newspapers placed
between blankets have the effect of aieii-
tlonal bedding. These are only few of
the uses OF waste paper that could easily
be enumerated.