Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1873-05-08

the roots and the tops lying Oh ius
ground. then cover the roots Win earth
and let the snow cover the tops.
The reason for taking them up III the
fall is. that the roots will start 10 grow
before you can take them up in the
spring, and many of the little fibrous
roots will be broken off, so that the tree
will make but very little growth the first
year, while if they are lifted in the fall,
their growth will be but very little re-
tarded.
Do not set out your trees too near to-
gether. Sixty trees for the first acre,
and so for each succeeding one IS all
that should grow upon the land
There are kinds of apples it will not
do to graft into these little nursery trees,
such as Baldwins, Rambo, Eearly-SWeet
Bough, and others; for they are so
tender that if the bodies are of these
kinds of wood, the thawing and freezing
in the spring will throw off the bark,
and in a short time kill the tree. To
raise these kinds successfully, they
should be grated into the tops OF larger
trees. A good way to raise them, is to
graft the little trees with the Northern
Spy-which is the most hardy variety
we have, and beautiful upright grower
and when they have grown five or six
years, graft the tenderer varieties into
these.
As an instance of the difference in the
hardness of the Northern Spy and
Baldwin, saw few years ago a place,
where ten years before, fifty nursery
trees of each kind were set out, where
they had the same soil, and the same
care, and at the time, not Baldwin
tree was alive, while forty-six OF the
Northern Spies were bearing apples.
The scions must all be cut, tied up and
labeled the November before they are to
be set, and kept in cool cellar packed
in moss through the winter, and kept
moist by Sprinkling on little water oc-
casionally. If they are not cut till
spring, a great many scions of the ten
der varieties will not live, and more OF
the others will fail than if cut in the
fall Larger trees, instead of being
grated like the nursery trees, should be
''clift grafted;" j.e.. the limb should be
sawed off with fine toothed back-saw,
filed so it will cut smooth, then pare Oft
two opposite edges of the stub little
with the grating knife, and split the
stub through the middle and across the
two sides that have been pared off, by
placing the knife ON it and striking 1t
with a small mallet. Never split the
! stub up and down, but always horizon
tally. The scion should be prepared by
whiting it the shape OF wedge, com
mencing the slant at the lower edge OF
bud, and having it so that if comes to a
/ point it would be an inch or more long,
| but cutting short off, third OF the
/ slant. This is so that there may be no
difficulty in forcing the scion deep
enough into the cleft. Each scion
! should have two buds upon it, and only
two.
Scions thus prepared should then be
inserted, one in each side of the cleft,
forcing them down till the bottom of
the bud comes just on line with the
TOP of the stub, and having the inside
bark of the scion and the stalk touch
each other, not all of the way, but at
%some point, by slanting the scion out
ward little from the perpendicular.
Be sure and have the lower bud, on the
outside of the scion as it stands in the
cleft.
Now make a little pellet of wax, and
placing it between the scions, press upon
with the two thumbs and work it out
ward till it covers the stub and closes
i JlDDJly dIOuuO tlt SClOilS. HCI NiidN
| out corner of the wax long, and plac-
ing the end upon the lower bud of the
/ scion, close it around the scion and place
the thumb upon the wax, draw wax and
! thumb downward until the crevice is en-
! tirely covered Do the same with the
| other side and cover the ends of the
scions with thin layer of wax and the
| limb is grated. Serve each limb you
want grated in the same way and never
leave limb to be grated another year.
Better graft too many limbs than not
enough, for the SECOND grating will
amount to but little, because the other
| scions will take all of the sap, while if
YOU have too many, the smaller ones
/ NAV be removed.
! Never leave large limb growing from
the stalk that you graft, and within a
/ foot or more of the scions, for such a
/ branch will take the strength which
| should 90 to the CRAFTS. Either graft it
or cut it away, for it will be as large
again another year, while the scions will
be small weak things.
Graft no branch that is more than an
inch in diameter, and graft just such
limbs as You think it will require to
make a beautifully shaped tree-top, and
/ if the scions grow, the next spriEg cut
away everything that remains. Some
NAV ask, ''Will it not injure the trees to
cut off so many branches at one time ?"
To all such | would answer, "No,
/ but it will iniLre them to let them re-
main on" | have tried it and seen it
! tried in thousands of cases, and always
with success.
If these directions are followed, in a
very few years-ten at most from the
seed-vou can have all of the fruit you
| desire. But if you prefer to buy your
/ trees. purchase them of the nearest re-
liable nurseryman, and don't, | beg of
you, throw your money into the hands
| of the York State apple tree agents, for
not one tree in a hundred of all they
! bring here will ever bear an apple, and
/ those only because they are placed in
/ the richest land we have. | know of
one man on the banks of the Connecticut
river in Sullivan Co., n. H., who took
| twenty-four hundred of these New York
| trees and set them out in one lot, part
as an orchard and part as nursery to
| sell from, while to shield it from the
wind, he set out two rows of cedar trees
across the northwest side. In ten years
| the cedarS had grown to be nice pro-
| lection to the field, but alas, not one APP
pie tree was to be found therein. They
had gone the way of the York State APP
| pie tree, and not even a stump was left
| TO tell the sad tale.
i have seen many thousands Of these
! trees, and have yet to see one single lot
that came from the Rochester nurseries,
| that at the end of ten years any man
could call success. There is no. one
branch of humbuggery that has taken
so many hard-earned dollars from the
farmers of New Hampshire and Yer
mont, as this same New York apple tree
business. QUERcUs