The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1873-06-21
AROUND THE NORTH POLE.
RESULTS OF THE LAST
ARCTIC NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. OF
T!!E SECRETARY OF THIS NAVY
oX TIE roLARIs DISCOVERIES.


OK TIE roLARIs DISCOVERIES.
~, ,hr %,,>-ttary OF tho Nays Scrort OF the
r"}irls fnveatigatton.j
,.rom the testimony il appears that every
,,.,,,,rc opportunity was embraced by the
s,rmhrr> II the scientific corps of the eXpe-
anon fo ,arrv ont The instructions given,
~. nniv direction in which there scenfS to
rty,. been I partal failure being in refer
nee ~ SIC use of tho Photographic appa-
.,f,i> and the drcdgc. This. however. was
,l.> 10 the absence Of suitable opportunities,
OF 10 some inSurmountablc impedlmenS at
ihc timC.
While The records of the astronomical.
archaeological. masnctical. tidal, and other
pGv>lcal departments of the expedition APP
yca. 70 have been extremely full, and the
observations in each appear TO have been
conducted according TO approved methods,
~, collections of natural history are shown
a. have been moi Jess extensive. the store
rooms OF the Polaris i~'in- filled with the
rkin> and Skeletons OF muSk-oXen, bears,
and other animals. different species ri birds
and their eggs. numerous marine invcrte-
NralrS. plants, both recent and fossil, mine
gJiS, etc. Not the ha:t interesting OF these
elections are specimens Of drift wood,
rEcd up on or near The shores of New
mans hay aud Polaris bay, among which
Nr. Meyer thought he recognized distinctly
III walnut, the ash, and the pine.
DIP OF gng NEEDLE.
ANON, the rusncrous facts that appear to
J., >hown by the testimony ELECTED On the
.>auinaiion we may mention as one of much
interest that the dip of the a1ede amounted
go inity-tive degrees and its deviation TO
".nct, six degrees, being less than at Port
Iuu)kc and Rrnsaaer harbor, ;s given by
pr. Kane and Dr. Hayes.
Aurolas were frequent but by no means
brilliant, generally quite light. and consist
3ag SOMETHING'S Of one arch and sometimes of
-"'"faI. ~lrcainer vert quite rare. Only in
"Hr instance. in February, 1872, did
TIE AURORA
sircaT III distinct rosy red. This was
..'"h"ucu III The morning from S TO 10 o'clock
= very decided disturbance of the mag
w''W needle. Shooting Stars were 80 con.
-'ntly seen that, although no special shower
Wt> observed. il was scarcely possible even to
book ut the >tarit sky without noticing them
il one direction or another.
TIDES. TEMPERATURE, &c.
he rise and fall of the tides were care
is.ly observed. the average being u feet. The
--latest depth of water noted was 100 faith
OFF,. The existence of II constant current
>ou;hNard was noticed by the expedition.
49, In4d!ty varying with the season and To-
,..Iil.
li"' Wm'cr temperature WAS found To nc
H!u'h mldcr than was expected, the mini
nam l'lng - degrees in January, although
Mn,h proved tu he the coolest month.
l. L.
49, although there were occasionally yio-
nj t'mpc~t> from the southwest.
ilGht WAS noticed however. from al points
III" compass. Rain was occasionally OBJ
,.'.,j. only on the land. however. the pre-
m'Alon presenting itself over the ice in
be, rrn "i SHOW. During the summer the
N.ut - roth ioWlandS and elevations were
'5, ol >n"w and ice, excepting patches here
mi 'lrI, III the shade OF the rock. The soil
..mu- IIl> period WAS covered with more
; g h.~ ,irn>c vegetation Of moss. with which
,.tn-u
ARCTIC PLANTS
1,I, o1rr~pcis"d. some Uflhem of consider
.'E,. i'.uiv. but entirely without scent, and
f.'nl >mHll willows, scarcely reaching the
r-nN, IT shrubs. III" TmrkS noticed were
,Eo" I>i"rc or slItr nature. and in some in
>'.'"t> r"ntiln"d fossil plants. specimens o;
".HH wet" collected. Distinct evidence of
3s!in'F g'd"l'rs were seen III localities nos
49," ~ -" Thee indications consisting in the
.lt!!r!Vt 81 terminal and lateral muluincS.
,rfNAI. LIFE ~ TnE POLAR REGIONS.
Agruil If. was found 10 abound. musk
'.'n h.ln- shot At intervals throughout the
wut,1. their io"d consisting of the moss
,'.A ";h"r vegetation obtained during the
'.r'n ~ ~rraiing utl the SHOW with their
a,i-. Wolves. also bears. foxes. and other
.uImat~, were repeatedly observed. Geese.
l.. aud other waterfowl, including
loser aud other wading birds. abounded
anu: The simmer, although the species OF
,nd 'ud- were comparatively few. in
.rjIH.. huwrNcr. large numbers of ptarni-
-. ~ snow partridge. No mention is made
~ ttw rescued party of the occurrence OF
.,',t- and owls. No fish were seem al
n'uyh the net and lines were frequently
,tDd into play in an attempt to obtain
.'u. The waters. however, were found
i..d ~ an extraordinary degree with
MAKISE INVERTEBRATES,
a ulu. ielly fish and shrimps. II was be-
.".'d lay the party that the seals depended
.w IN" latter for their principal subsistence,
"... >,:I> Themselves being very abundant.
NUTRITIOUS insects We're observed also, eSpe-
.-Ii> several species of butterflies, specl-
n.u- Of which were collected; also flies,
t'r.>. and insects Of like character.
The geographical results of the PolariS
expedition. ~ far IL they can now be ascer-
irr,.d lrol. the testimony of McssrS. Tyson
Never. and their comrades, may be summed
TIFF hIl'ly Is follows:
Tl!E SUPPOSED OPEN PGLAR SEA.
Tie open Polar sea laid down by Kane
.oai HIVES is found to be in reality sound
81 considerable eXieut, formed by the some
what abrupt expansion Of Kennedy channel
'o The northward. and broken by Lady
fIankiin'S bay on the west, and on the east
y Il large inlet twenty miles wide at the
alr'nlng, and certainly expanding tar inland
- the southeast. Its length was not ascer-
med and Mr.. Meyer thinks it may be, in
i,ct Il strait, extending Till it communicates
nth The Francis Joseph sound Of the Ger.
lama and Hansa expedition, and with it
lining the northern limits of Greenland.
hi, iulct was called the Southern Fiord.
North It il on the same side is the indenta-
ton Of ~" ,hore. called Polaris bay by Cap
tam iia'|, where the Polaris wiutered in lati
lIdr 5i:&s north.
The northern point of the bay was named
~" Luptop. Its southern point is yet
anhnut Il name. From Cape Lupton the
.al tends TO the northeast, and forms the
'.>i"ru shore OF II new channel from twenty
a}r to thirty miles wide, opening out of
~" sound above mentioned, to which Cap
IN Hall. a. las already been stated, gave
nc name Of Rnhcson straits. The western
more ri tb"s" struts. north of Grinncll
!and, is also nanelc$f. Northeast OF Cape
i.Mllon IN latitude Sl:J1 is a deem inlet