, 1873-12-15


It should h, borno ia mini that these o'c-
mcnts aro chemically uritotl t, form indifferent
Substances in tho above list We may min
ntarcll With tho required quantity Of water but
tho mechanical mixture will nat fo:m MY o;,o OF
tho abovc ki'aj.s OF sugar, until tho atoms lavo
boon induced To unlto chemically. Ti.e cou-
vcrHioa Of tic Htarcl, Of barloY into /
the sugar OF Elalt, IL orectctl by frat wcttny tho
grain and Nieu heating 1t; tho p,,poriluous
moisture bong removed by drying, when tho
process OF chemical union Inns advanced to tho
required staMu. Tho cllnngscan also bo effected
by trcatmout with suiphurio acd. 4 small uuan-
tity OF tho a.cd IL ,nixod with wa.or, In which
the starch 10 boiled for Bomo time. Under This
treatmcnt tho Barcli fist changes into loxt,it,e,
and nfterw wirds into grapc.sagar hut sc cu,not
obtain cant-augnr by this artificial procasc, rs tho
atoms will mot arrange tAon,Holf IL, tho required
order. G'alle-as,sor c,ystalli:os :roadily, wllo
grspo-sug,r doss not, though two Of the uo:c.
cutcB Of wator may bs removed from tho latter
without altering its general character. milking
what is kfaown rs "dty grapc-sugar" carbon u.
oxygen ~, hydrogen 2i, atons). Hence tho
crystallzed sugar We bay Is natural; tho artificial
product being sold as s.rup.
II ca"b1nato Of limo DO added to the grapo-sugar
[airup) it takos up tho sulphuro acil; aud tho
rosuitiHy combination may thon 10 removed from
tho 1nass by the mechanical process Of Aterlng.
10 nl,ske sugar airup dleot from Lgnno re-
qnires the exercise Of much moro chemical energy
than in making 1t from starch though less costly.
owing to tho relative choapncss Of the material
used. It requires tue uso OF fur greater pro-
portion Of snlpluric acil In the water for which
1t LAS an affinity 80 intonBe TINT II Lignino DO
placosi in The undiluted acid 1t parts with ta
wator aud becomoB moro mass Of (b1ack) car
bon. Tho Lignino is stepped in strong solution
Of the acil, which is kept cool till tho 1cxtrne
is formed, mud then tho process Of boiling do
veloros tho srup tom the doxtrino.
Arid horein lios the great danger Of eatng tho
airup made from Lignino; especially to tho tou-
dor constitutions of childron, who uso much
moro Hsrup than robust mon. THO quantity Of
tho acid used in tho procoHs ia 30 groas that 1t ia
worry difficult to separate all Of it from the slup;
wo may almost say it Ia impossible to do it by
any ptesent mothod. III manufacturing tho Birup
on largo scale. The consequence IL, that
portion OF tho acid generally remains
to imporil the stomachs and intestnes
OF those WHO cat the yillainous mix
turo, which ia generally Of 30 vile Al origin
tint tue gorge Of the enter would risc ut it it lie
only knew the material from which 1t is ma]e
There Gun really be no moro serious objection
to the use Of sirup made from starch than to
tho eatihg Of crystallIzed sugar, which hos been
purified by passing through animal albnmen
because the dangerous acd is all removed. The
other stufr is 80 porilous to human hoa]tl, that
those who manufacture 1t, aud those who know
ingly vend 1t, ought to 10 sent to the peniten-
tiary for ifo, as conspisators against tho
bodily welfare Of society. And the evil Ia so
gSeat that no one should daro to take tho risk
Of selling tlis Birup. Fortunately 1t ia easy to
bring 1t to tho teBt. A amall quantity OF the
muriato, or nitrate, Of baryla, mixed With water,
makes clear solution. II to this be added 4
small quantity Of Bulphurio acid, d whito procp-
itate is formed, Which iB insolublo III water,
Tannin also gives Black precipitato; unloss,
porhaps, II tho acl hayo bcon noultallzod by
albumen. II tho Birup will stand these tests, 1t
may DO sold aud eaten With safety. II not, It
should be thrown away, md itB vendors prose-
cu.ed as modern Dorgias