The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1873-03-27
sCrENrrTTU NOTES.


non il volatile at a tempera-
tares, the same rs gold and platinum.
DR.. Eisner, Director OF the lin por-
eeiain factory. Snciose1 a small piece of
wrought iron in an ungiazed efuci5ie
and exposed It for several hours to
temperature Of at least 1. 600 degrees C.
On removing the cover OF the crueible,s
small needles Of metallic ironwere easily
discerned, olearly showing that iron can
be yiolatized at high temperatures.
THE SUN.-From an Interesting Ice
ture on the sun, delivered by Professor
Young before the American Institute,
We. extract as follows s
IsLUsrRATJoSso OF zHR sun spsTAScE-
At present we consider the distance OF
the sun from the earth to be g., ,0oo. 600
of miles. with margin OF error of
sboat 50o. 900 miles. It would tak6a
railroad train 26s years to move frona
the sun to the earth: so thatif the Phi.
grim Fathers had started from the snn
at the time they started from England
by a tram whose only stopping places
would be Mercury and Venus. they
would not haye arrived yet It vould
take cannon bah. going at fun speed,
about nine years TO mike the journey.
Light takes eight minutes. sound, Il
it could be carried over the celestial
spaces, would be fourteen years on the.
way. You know, continued the leehir.
er, that if you touch part of the body,
one does not feel It instantly, Il yea
touch the hand of any one With pin,
it viii be an appreoiab'e part Of a sec
ond before he viii feel i and drags his
hand back. Now il had sn arm. long
enough to reach to the sun, and. should
put my, fingers into the solar flame and
burn them there, It weuld be one hna--.
dred years before I shonld find il ont.
and another hundred years before
could remove my hand. h - l a4-
DINENsIoEs AND DESsIrxoFrfrE SUM-.
Once having fonnd ont the distance OF
the sun, it is very easy. TO find out IFS
diameter, which is about &C, 600 miles.
II the earth we're represented By q ball
y inches in diameter, the sun would
require a ball OF 1a feet in diameter.
which would just about lie between
this stage and the ceiling. If the earth
were placed at the center of the shn.-5s
the neon would be 80 far inside the
SUMS snrface that there would bealmost 81
room for another moon beyond, the
distance sf the moon from the earth b
being 90, 600 miles, and of the surfaee
Of the sun from its center, sc, 600 miles.
In bulk, the sun is a miliich and
quarter times larger than the earth go
that is, it would take that number of
earths rolled into one to make up tie
bulk OF the sun. It would not take that
number to make up the weight Of the
sun, for she sun is lighter. bushel for
bushe than The earth. t weighs about
325, 600 times as much as the earth.
With that enormous mass, the force Of
gravity must be twenty-eight times as
great as on the surface ol the earth; so
that the weight Of an ordinarily heavy
man on its surfsce would be about two
tons rf ~ ~
The heat OF the sun is estimated by
French physicians 70 rot greatly exceed
thst of the electric arc, being, perhaps,
once and half or twice ns great. Sec
chi, on the other hand, estimates IL as
2, ,000, 900 degrees Fahrenheit aud Err
lesson as from 6,00O. 600 degrees 70
2, ,000 00G degrees. Sir john Herschel
illustrates the quaf tity Of hrat given
out by the sun. as determined bY his
as follows Suppose ice
should be formed into q rod fortS-GHe
miles in diameter, and that rod * ice
should be darted at the sun with the
velocity of light; IL All the heat Of The
sun coGld be concentrated upon the
point Of that advancing javelin Of ice,
i would never approach the sun. for
the point would melt Off a. fast as It
same. Or we may pat it in another ii
way: Suppose we should build n rail-
road from here 70 the sun, and sh0aid
AXE it two and one quarter miles sqnare
If solid ice, carrying Il clear By the
noon- Msrcary, and Venus. aud II We
should concentrate upon that the heat
IF the san, it would take just one SEQ
md 70 melt Il. and in seven seconds IL
Fould be yclatized. changed INTO steam,
md invisible
The origin Of solar heat has been at
ribuied BY some to chemical combina
ions, bat Il the sun we're Of solid coal
Z would have been comPlatels burned
,at in 5, 900 years. giving ont heat At
he present rate. The proper view is
hat its heat is maIniasned BY the infax
II matter As metoora fall upon the
larth, several millions IN a tny, So they
all into the sun, millions Of millions
Der day. and esntrjbute to tbs solar
ieat But that does net account foI it
n. Another cause, I doubt not, Is the
,ontracsion Of it's volume. II the sun
we're TO cor. .raet one hundred and twen-
y feet in radius, or two hunafed and
'orty feet in diameter. IN year. that
you'd account for all the heas il gives
IR Bodies may give OF heat wit GU
growing colder. II We freeze 3 pail Of
water, It gives of heat while Is IS irGfz-
nc. but the THERMOMETERS viii indirate
10 fan OF temperature until it Is sil
irozen. So il Is suite likely sbat the
gases IN the outer surface Of the sun
will enter into eonbinations with each
1ther, dissociatiHg and uniting n other
lorms, and emitting heat ia the conbi-
nation.
The physiesi appearance 81 the snn
IN the telescope is like mass Of clopes,
or rather curaled snilk OF cotton Nool.
Z is much darker an the edges. which
IS very Important point IN explaining
ita conssitation, and tberc sfe alsonHm-
arous bright atrehlss. called facala. be-
sides the solar apots. hr NHsnyth
thinks that shess irfaelflaF FORMS rsstln-
BE wiiiow lsafea IaaVe not seen that,
bus 7 have sesn ia. ths ssa what seemed
irregular masses. dark spaces. and here
snsi there apparently little tale=. The
bright spots. called faeHla. are eleva-
tioas On the solar sarface Bnt the
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