New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-08-28

"A imDOssbl0 from nKurc. d. HI ompiVJinS nvt
human but canine brains, upon the grounds ~ their
simpler 6ssuraI pattern their smaller size, and
qent easier anansapce With ths mental
characteristics Of the dogs. Az present we are
Nv oar friends. and OF public men their brains
are rarely disposal for scentllc lhVesgaon 80
SUI oe cborarers are known TO us either not at all
or very imperfecty. with dogs the hralh ana e mind
epocha individual and sexual variations, together with
those apperaining to families and breeds may be more
easily observed and separated. But WINE convinced
that from this last method Investigation, aided,
doubt by the two preceding, will he obtained the most
satisfactory results am by no means convinced mat
AWNING like a localizatiOn Of mental facul-
ties exists At present am more and more inclined
either augiy or with its fellow that, other thing being
equal greater number and depth OF assures Indicates
"a greater mental bodily power, and tlat the sexual
number Of the assures mas only general functional
nncance analogous TO coils OF intestine or c9rrngatons
of mucous membranes but that like these or IKE the
cnlar Of horns, and the O utDhaed
bones their arrangement IN what - called the nsslira
patten may be fairly accepted indications OF zoOlOg
zeal relationship, and less remote The extent OF
their value IN this regard must be ascertaned by much
more extensive comparison tnan has been made.
This paper as also that upon dogs has had ts origin
first in desire long felt to ascertain how lar the great
external variations in canine varieties are indicative OF
structural diferencesi Second, by the proposition of
Prof Agassz that there should be formed az tue Cam
bridge Museum a special collection-the embryo aud
brains-of d0mesticated animals IN order 10 Illustrate
their structure their development. ana the e&teut OF
their yaration and is but justice TO say that the
illusions here expressed could not have been reached
without that collection. At present the nyesgaon Is
pbIsy h hsss FOR oTSSress IN that iirecon-rst The
geological or toxononc SINCE ab s fb S
ssursI pattern fact second; the pnysolos,
CAL since will furnish TO on nar5
and enable an to follow the 81, investigation ;
II nothing else have at least shown that no nssural
known from the examination OF single brain. much
less one side OF such BRAIN The az cambridge
bnt far too small for any final conclusions merely
to the hope nat %dh WI o are aoe 70
he reasonably what its cerebra CHARACTERISTICS
and probably 800 or Loo o WI me dog ~
pattern as oontradistngushed from al other eahlde
The immense cost OF sucn c9iecoh raises te quesoh
az the yaue of the result and this Is only part or gen
era 0nestiOn sufficiently considered When SCIENTIFIC
inquiries begun Ii thing Is to be done at all IL can
by one person institution than by several working
separately OF at deH a,6onnced bs de sar
Inination have this special inquiry eOmpeted SO lar
n and mental attanments OF several dogs, while
the material is vastly greater than tnat upon when
phrenoogy ia founded it far too slight for anything
fjla scientic deduction / hesitate to associate
the great width of the supersyYlan fOd OF tine Duld0g
W M his lighting qualities for his disposition was gentle
nnongh would therefore ask members OF the AssOca-
zion 70 bear In mind when they nave or knew OF
dog of pure blood and well known character which mas
by chlOroorn VIII oDVIte suffering On the part OF
both the animal and It's master.
VARIATION IN CONDITION OF THE SENSE ORGANS IN
Petal PIGS OF THE SAME LuTER-BY PROF. BURT
O. WILDER.
In comparing total pigs Of different ltters, 1t is nat
ura to estimate relative age by the condition OF the
lids ana plnual but that this cannot be always relied
upon Is evident from the decided variation in the posi-
ton OF the primal and the degree Of closure Of the lids
in PIGS OF the litter shown in the specimens.
Attention called the apparent Inconsistencies OF
English and Continental anatomists that there exists,
chiefly i'm the United States, opinion respecting the
homology OF the anterior and poseror limbs totally at
variance with their own and It is suggested that II
each party will yield part OF its present position
reconciliation may be elected The speaker hopes by
true meketrOpy" antero DosteriOr symmetry within
the vertebrate branch He briefly states the grounds
methods Of comparison and OF deduction which are en-
poyed studying the limbs of different animals are
used in comparing the anterior and pOsteror limbs OF
the same ANIMAL there be escape from the con-
csion that anterior digit (thumb) Is the true pom
oOgue of the posteriOr daryl little l0) ana that he
LITTLE finger u in like the true pOmoogue OF the
great toe To this opinion now inclined the follow
ing anatomists: Wyman, AgassH, Dana, COues, fotl'
have written subject since l7i hold the contrary
opinion The speaker felt that his method was cor
rect and that sooner or Later the opinion Oh "yman
would prevail.
LATERAL POSITION OF THE VENT IN AMPHIoxUs AND IN
THE LARyk OF RAMA PIPIESs-BY PROF. BURT
G. WILDER.
In all OF about fifty specimens of Amphi0ruS. from
Naples the vent lies the left OF the abdominal fin,
which is not interrupted by it, as 1t is by the abdominal
pore This has long been knoGn though not always re-
membered in geological works. II is curiously con-
trasted with the fact that in fifteen Larvae adpoe OF
Rama pipieas 1.-THE burog), the vent Is decidedly "
the right OF the nedian fin.
LATERAL AssYMMETRY IN THE BRAISsiOF DOUBLE HU-
MAN MoSsTER-BY PROF. BURT G. WILDER.
The four cerebral hemispheres OF a dicephalOus hui
present such lateral variation i'll the assures
as are usually noted in single individual with certain
other features peculiar TO monstrous organization in
one respect least the right hemisphere OF the right
brain resembles tho left hemisphere OF left child.
The right brain is the larger, and this may be
connected with the direction OF the medan leg toward
ha lpff add "a IAN ed
the right child
THE PAPILLARY REPRESENTATIVE OF TWO ARMS OF A
DOUBLE HUMAN MONSTER -BY PROF. BURT G.
WILDER.
dIcephalous human monster. mentioned in the pre-
vious paper, has right and one left The
missing seem TO be represented by nipple like
papa, on the line of union OF the two individuals.
Under this is a medan and symmetrical claycle and
scapua, into which are inserted most OF the usual mus
cles Does such rudiment enttle the monster to the
title OF Tt6rGchtGnF Excepting the rudmentary arm.
this specimen nearly resembles that described by Prof
Wyman in The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal for
March 49, 1866 In this, however, the anterior separd
medan and symmetrical arm, like the medan legs OF
this and OF that specimen.
PICTORIAL MUSCLES or MAMMALIA-BY PROF. BURT @.
Drawings were shown of the pectoral muscles OF rs
different genera of mammals, representing all the
orders and most OF the leading families. Prof. Wilder
was not ready to form conclusions upon ell points III
volved, but was inclined to the following:
l. The simple condition Of the great pectora in
ornOtOrhyJohuS in cetacea, and in Others sug-
gests the view that the typical condition Is that OF
ingle mass.
q That in most mammals this presents an outer and an
inner layer the former Is In man called Pecorats major,
and the latter minor the former is chiefly adductor
OF the humerus the latter retractor OF the whole
shoulder.
8. In most mammals excepting men, monkeys bears,
and skunks, and perhaps some others), the deeper
layer much the larger 1t may be well. therefore, TO
Call the two muscles eetopect0rdls and en0pec0ros
4. In determining homologies Of muscles, the origin
and insertion particularly the orgln) arc more i'm
portant than the size function.
8. In many mammals the entopectoral has slight
insertion into the coracod process which has been gem
orally overlooked.
G. Cats and dogs and carnvora generally have a true
entOpectoral; and in denying It's presence Strauss.
Durekheim made an error OF Interpretation not OF fact
rIu aTIIp