davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ottawa free trader., 1873-07-12

Nol'ICE..-tsrATE OF John ALLEN. DECEASED. .-
Notice is hereby given, that the undersigned admins
traitor Of the estate of John Allen late OF the Couty OF La
sale and state OF Illinois deceased will appear before the
County Court Of said county the third Monday Ceng
the 18th day Of August A. H. 1915 the Court House lin OF
swa. In said county, when aud where all persons having
claims demands against said estate notfci 10 attend
and present the same iH writing Tor adjustment
Dated hi; 'th day OF June \. II. lSI3.
JACOB BARR,
iuuli-6v Adnipls',atnr
The Ottawa free trader., 1873-07-12

OATS As A M,SURE.-A Kentucky farmer
writes: | have seen frequent inquiries how
to reclaim old and worn lands. A quick and
cheap plan is to SOW the land in oats as early
as you can IN the spring; as soon as ripe, plow
under, keep off the stock, and you will have
IA tremendous fall growth of oats Plow them
under in October, or if South the first of No
vembcr, then sow rye, Craze in the spring and
feed down; when ripe plow under, and you
will see one of the finest rye fields you ever
saw; or, if you wish, SOW clover on the rye
the first spring; it is very ctlectual and cheap.
saw the above tried in Tennessee when |
was boy: the land was so worn that the oats
did not exceed kncehigh; they were ploNed
under when ripe, and again in November.
The land was planted in corn the next year
and made q large yield; it was before the
days of clover. | have tried it repeatedly
since with good success.
The Ottawa free trader., 1873-07-12
Afgal.

NoTICE.-EsrArEoF or GEoRGE WILSON, DECEASED
~ Notice is hereby given, that the undersigned admins
traitor OF the estate of George Wilson, late OF the counv
OF La Sale ana State Of Illinois, deceased viii appear
the County Court OF said county the Sd Monday (e
the 18th tay) of August 1873 at the Court House 10 ottawa
in said county when and where all personU having claim.
or demands against said estate notified to attend and
present the same In writing tor adjustment.
Dated this 18th day OF June A.. D. 1873,
ROBERT WADE
llh=i-oW administrator.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

SToEAcI OF THE HoRsB.-A writer fur
nishes the American Stock Journal with the
following:
The stomach of horse, compared with
his size, is les. capacious than in most her
biv0rOus animals The OK, for example, has
complex organ, containing four distinct
cavities, through all of which the food must
pass before it is properly digested. Sheep,
also, have similar form of stomach; admit
ting the food as fast it can be cropped,
from whence it is returned to the mouth, to
be masticated.
The capacity of the stomach OF SIN Ill
horse is about eight quarts, and in large
horse it exceeds thirty. Sometimes, it be-
comes distended enormously | witnessed
lately, post-mortem examination of horse
which had died from Inflammation of the
bowels. The animals owner supposed he
had been poisoned, and, to make the matter
clear, thorough investigation was made.
The stomach was distended to frightful size
more than twice its natural capacity. On
cutting into it, there tumbled out more than
half bushel of what resembled blackwell
nut saw dust. 1t proved to be brown bread
rhe horse had been freely fed with it for
several months. and tt e gas arising from it
had street he'd the coats of its stom sch, al
IN st to bursting. Only imagine the intense
pain. the poignant anguish which the poor
beast had endured. One could almost wish
that his ignorant master could be subjected
| TO the same treatment.
A work on g The Anatomy and Viscera OF
the Horse by Mr.. Gamgee, says that the
st mach of very small horse holds nine
quarts, and that of very large horse con-
| tains thirty-three quarts.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

SELECT FRUlTs-I wish to stock with fruit
a small village lot; will you advise me what
to select? | want about three grape vines
i thought Concord and Delaware, and one
other choice variety; two plum trees, ex-
cellent Tor hand or preserves; one cherry,
for eating or preserves; white and red cur
rants; of the latter, would Red Dutch or
Versailles and Dana's Transparent be best !?
Also. two varieties of pears OF pears, l
thought would select B4rtletts and Seckles.
If a better choice can be made, please let me
know In the columns of the paper what
you would prefer.-w. B. W. ADDITIoNs:
Grapes-li you wish very early grape,
without regard to the finest favor, take Hart
ford Prolific. If later and better, you may
select Diana or Creveling. Wilder or Rog-
ers's No is a large, snowy grape, of good
quality, of which a good report is made from
most parts Of the country. Plums-Impe-
rial Gage or Princes Yellow Gage, and Refine
Claude de Bavay. Oherry-Early Rich
mond, all qualities considered. Ourrants-
White Dutch and White Grape; Red Dutch
and Versailles or Cherry. Pears-Here you
have large selection the Bartlett, for
eign variety, is the most popular of all; the
Secksl the highest favored But it you
want dwarfs. you may take Duchesse d. An
gouleme OF Louise Bonnie of Jersey; and if
you desire later pears, you will get excellent
sorts by taking Anjou, Winter Neills, OF
Lawrence. &c untry Gentleman
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

BEES INJURINs PASTURES, has been
considerable discussion respecting the idea
advanced that bees lnJure pastures as we'll as
iruit by taking pollen and saccarine matter
away, but those who have attempted 10 eject
the little models OF industry from the fields
and gardens, haze not made very rapid pro-
sress IN the work. Is has, we believe, been
proven that bees never trouble the rlnd of
truit, and only draw from it when the skin
is broken.
AS to pastures being damaged. we agree
with Quinby in asking what would become
OF the pollen and honey of the blossom, if
the bees should let it alone? The pollen
would probably be blown away or fall to the
ground; the honey would evaporate. 1t
would be lost and profit no one. When
honey producing flowers are crowded to-
gether in large numbers, the odor of the
.vaporatiug honey may be easily perceived.
That from field OF buckwheat is very
sJrong, and cannot be mistaken And it Is
what we should expect, for 1t is minute
irop OF pure honey that Is secreted by the
q ,wer, and left wholly exposed to the open
air.
Now, if this be the true view, nothing
could be more unjust than TO accuse the bee
keeper of taking the dairyman's property
unJustly. One only takes what is beyond
mothers grasp. 1t does not rob you OF
your handsome garden and groun Is, that
another should see them and e. Joy their
beauty. lie only takes what is beyond your
grasp. and if your heart ls right you will be
glad to have hIn do it. 1t is surely the es-
senee of selfshness to refuse to another what
You cannot appropriate to yourself Ohio
Farmer.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

AUSTRALIAN BEEF FOR ENaLAND.-The beef
eaters in England are not so fortunate as
they thought they were going to be. The
attempt to introduce into that country fresh
Australian meats in a frozon state has failed
However, it is hoped that this failure is tenn
porary and accidental The ship Norfolk,
which undertook to carry twenty tons of
frozen meat, was only sesenty-nine days in
making the voyage from Australia to Eng
land, and before her departure meat which
had been for eighty-fve days subjected to
the same process as that she carried had been
eaten by a large company, at public lunch
con. and declared to be exactly like newly
killed meat. The experiment seemed to
promise thorough success. But there was
some defect in the apparatus the freezing
brine from the ice and salt upon the top of
the meat-tanks wasted too rapidly, and conse-
quentiy the ice provided could not last out
the voyage. Most of the meat was thrown
overheard on the ty-fourth day; only one
ton was taken safely as far as the Azores,
when it was thrown away, the ice failing
entirely. Probably more care in the arrange
ment of cargo and a more accurate calcu-
lation of leakage OF the brine will yet carry
Australian beef and mutton safely to London
dinner tables.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

PEA SrRAw.-Pea straw is more nitrogen
Gus than wheat, oat, barley, or rye straw,
and should be fed. to get out its full value,
in connection with small quantity of corn.
Sheep that have pound of corn each per
day will fatten more rapidly on pea straw
than on wheat or oat straw The better
plan is to let them have all they will eat,
pea straw morning and noon, aud wheat or
oat straw a night. If the peas were allow.
ed to grow till dead ripe, aud after cutting
were allowed to remain in heaps in the field
day after day without turning. and were e1-
posed to rains and dews until nearly all the
soluble matter was washed out OF the straw,
aud halt OF the leaves were knocked off them
before they left the field, and they were
stacked in a damp condition, it is not diff
cult to understand why I" the sheep and the
chemist do not tell the same story" in re-
gard to the value of the straw. On our own
tarm we have found pea straw from luxu-
RANT crop of peas, cured without rain, nearly
as valuable as clover hay.-Amsrican Horti-
cukur,st.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

HINTs TO HoRsExEN.-A saddle put on
loosely. with slack girth, is very irritating
to horse, and soon produces a sore back.
A harness, kept soft and pliable with good
meats foot oil, will last almost lifetime.
1t is stronger, because more elastic, and will
not chaie off the hair.
A horse left uncovered when not in use,
will soon grow heavier coat OF coarser hair.
This is hindrance to rapid motion, and
should be prevented by judicious blanketing:
Your horses shoes will hold on longer it
the clinches are not weakened by the file in
finishing. Insist that the file does not touch
the end of the nail where turned over.
Some horses have habit OF stepping on
one side of their feet, perhaps to avoid pres
sure on hidden corn. That part of the
shoe exposed to severe wear should be pro-
tected with steel.
An over-reaching horse-one whose hind
feet are frequently hitting the forward shoes
should wear heavy shoes forward and light
ones behind. The theory is, that the heav-
Ter foot will be thrown little further ahead,
at each step, than the lighter one.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

BEDDING IN BARNs-The following cogent
reasons tor bedding stock in winter are from
the ~ irror drd Farmer /:
We believe large ajority OF the farmers
of New Hampshire are culpably negligent
in the matter of providing bedding for their
stock. Cattle especially are compelled to
stand all winter on cold, hard floors made
uneven by knots, wear and frozen manure,
and if bedded at all, it is only by a sprink-
ling Of orts which they push behind them
in short time, leaving nothing to relieve
the discomfort and absolute cruelty to which
custom subjects them. This is totally wrong.
To make our cattle comfortable and enable
them to keep clean and thereby keep them
in good health and condition, If tor nothing
else, they should be generously bedded down
all winter. But, beyond this consideration,
there is one which calls for a radical change
in this matter.
The manufacturing corporation thas al
lowed it's " waste - to be thrown into the
river would itself be thrown in bankruptcy;
the butcher who did not save his I" scraps
and trimmings would find his cart driven
by the sheriff; and the merchant who took
no note of /" odds and ends " would be COM
PEELED to shut up shop. In these days OF
close competition, the profits of any business
depend much upon what is saved out of the
Titles which at first glance seem of little &C.
count. But our farmers, knowing that their
success depends largely upon the amount OF
manure they make and save, allow nearly all
the liquid portion of it to leak through their
stable floors and thus be wasted. In this
way large amounts of manure are annually
thrown away, entailing upon the farmer dis
appointment, loss and a conclusion that farm
ing don't pay To save the thousands OF
dollars thus wasted each winter it is only
necessary to bed our stock.
Every barn should be supplied before
snow falls with bedding enough to keep a
depth Of six inches under all animals all
winter, and it isn't a great job to supply it
Near every farmers barn is a forest which
will supply leaves, place from which he
can get dry muck or loan. or mill which
Will furnish sawdust. Any of these will do,
though leaves are best. 1t is not too much
to say that many farmers, by bedding their
stock, might double the value of their ma
nure heaps.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

How YANKEES Cook BEANs.-A writer of
the New York World says this is the way
the down-east lumbermen cook them, who
eat them twice day for four or five months
each year: Take one quart of beans first
soak, if pea bean, until they are swelled
full 4; it will take over night certain if
yellow eyes, parboil until the skins crack
open when blown on with the breath; drain
off the water, put about two-thirds of the
beans ia the pot; put in about one and a
half pounds of salt fat pork, then the rest
of the beans; bake not less than twelve
hours, first covering the beans with hot wa
ter. These are genuine Yankee pork and
beans. The way they are cooked in the
woods is this : A hole is dug at the foot of
the fire, filled around with hot Goals and COW
cred with hot ashes, where it remains from
three o'clock NJ until breakfast the follow
ing morning-about fourteen or fifteen hours.
There are probably more beans eaten IN
Maine than in the whole State of New York.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17
GUANo NOT THE EXCITEMENT OF SEA BIRDS

GUANo NOT THE EXCITEMENT OF SEA BIRDs.-
The g-received opinion that guano is the
deposits of myriads of sea-birds, accumulat-
ing through long ages, is rendered untenable
by the recent Investigations of DR.. Habel.
After treating the guano with an acid, mi
eros ,opical and chemical examination re-
vealed that the insoluble residue was COM
posed of fossil sponges and other marine
animals and plants precisely similar in con-
stitution to such as still exist in those seas.
The fact that the anchors of ships in the
neighborhood of the guano islands often
bring up guano from the bottom of the ocean,
is quite in opposition to the prevalent belief.
Habel therefore considers that the deposits
of guano must he the result of the accumu-
latiou of fossil plants and animals whose or
ganic matter has been transformed into nj
trogenous substance, the mineral portion
remaining intact.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

For PAINFUL WoUNDs.-Take pan or
shovel with burning Goals and sprinkle upon
them common brown sugar, and hold the
wounded part in the smoke. In few min
utes the pain will be allayed and recovery
proceed rapidly. In my own case rusty
nail bad made bad wound in the bottom Of
my foot. The pain and nervous irritation
Was severe This was all removed by hold
ing it in the smoke for fifteen minutes, and
was able to resume my reading in comfort.
We have often recommended it to others with
like results. Last week one Of my men had
a fnger-nail torn out by pair OF ice-tongs.
1t became very painful, as Was to have been
expected. Held in sugar smoke tor twenty
minutes the pain ceased, and it promises
speedy recovery.-Country Gentleman.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

CorToN-SKRD OIL, CAKE, AND MEAL-A
new value has been given to q part of the
product of the cotton plant which before
was only used as fertilizer, but which with
in the last i've years has become an article
of export as we'll as of domestic 10 inufactuIe
The cotton seed, the removal of which from
the cotton Wac long an expensive and puz-
cling problem, has been discovered to be as
valuable as almos. any 9th r part of that
wonderful plant, and demand Tor it abroad
is now greater and more constant than the
supply, which is limited. owing partly to
the Indifference and partly to tue prejudices
of the cotton planters. Several manutacto-
ries of eotton-seed oil, cake, and meal have
been established at New Orleans-an elabo-
rate report on the nutritive and agricultural
value of which products has been made by
Professor Joseph Jones, OF the Medical UNI
versIIy OF Louisiana, after careful chemical
examination. The learned doctor sho IS the
great use and value OF these products from
the hitherto almost worthless cotton seed
and sta ties the fact that the intelligent Euro
pesn farmers regard the cake as 50 valuable
for cattle feed that it readily commands from
them from 20 to tS per ton, equivalent at
present to about $40 in our currency. The
works of the louisiana Oil Company alone
consume 15 900 tons OF cotton seed annually
yielding 3 ,6J5, 900 gallons of Oil of a supe-
rior quality, and 6599 tons of decorticated
cotton-seed cakes, used as cattle iced. The
works furnish steady employment to more
than one hundred men. There are several
other similar establishments in Louisiana,
and one in the city et Mobile. which receive
more orders than they Can fill.
The value OF the cotton seed as an efficient
fertilizer has long been known to the Sou b.
ern planters, but these new uses to which
the seed has been put greatly enhance its
value. On submitting to strong pressure
the oily seeds OF the cotton plant valuable
and sgreeabIe-r melting and pleasant-tastins
oil 10 0pta ned, which in pur fed state j.
now employ ed for the usual pun poses in Com
merce, she arts, and pharmacy Tor whlet
other kin Is of oils and fats are employed
Large expectations of this oil and cake, a,
we'll as OF the cotton seed, are now annually
made to France, England, and other Euro
pean countries, whence comes constantly
increasing demand. About $4,000 tons O
seed are annually worked up in the FIVE Lou
isiana mills, producing more than a million
and half gallons of oil, and about 10 ,00t
tons of oil-cake and meal. The experts O
this oil last year have been 34,544 barrels
of which 6459 barrels went to Europe, an,
8,085 to Northern ports. Of the oil-cak
the exports have been 1878 sacks, o
which 10 1856 went to Northern States an,
1857 70 Europe. Iris is { one OF man,
illustrations which 60 TO prove that tn
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

AFTER THE INsEcTs.-A writer in French
hortic aleuraI Journal relates this suggestive
experience:
After sunset place in the centre of my
orchard an old barrel, the inside of which
have previously we'll tarred. At the bottom
OF the barrel | place lighted lamp. In
scots OF many kinds, attracted by the light,
make for the lamp, aud while crcling round
it strike against the sides of the barrel,
where, meeting with the tar. their wings and
legs become so clogged that they fall help
less to the bottom. In the morning / exam
inc the barrel, and frequently take out of it
ten or twelve gallons OF cockchafers, which
at once destroy. A few pence worth of tar
employed in this way will, without any fur
Their trouble, be the means of destroying in-
Vulnerable numbers of those insects, whose
larvs are among the most destructive pest.
tle gardener or farmer has to contend against
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17
goetru.
Beyond Ih' Atlantic.

Oh friends it is asimple phrase,
To drive the strongest reasoner frantic
That" X tie has gone" or " alter stays
Just now" beyond tn Atlantic.
A measured space, that time
May spsed the absent safely over
May hurry back to native CLINE
And waiting snes, the rover.
But. ahI so hard to look &C ross,
When night falls dark or winds are bowling,
Without remembering wreck and loss,
And wild storm demons prowlngl
SO prone the fancy is TO form
Dark dreams of loved ones sinking, failing,
Nay, over the bosoms left so warm
Those winds in churchy ards wailing.
So hard to close the mental Dyes
To what must be to pain and danger
Ere on the waiting view can rise
The dear returning stranger
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

The OLD KENTUCKY SCHOOL House AND
School srER-Every boy who has read
Flint's Life Of Daniel Boone remembers
the log schoolhouse in which that famous
hunter of Kentucky, under the instruction
of a whisky-loving Hibernian, pursued his
studies in the three Rs, readin !, 'rltin'
and 'ritbmetlc," for the few weeks which
embraced the entire period of Daniels
literary career. The clapboard roof held
down by weight-poles, the puncheon floor,
the window made by saving out portion
of log in the wall, and covering the open
ing with white paper, which let in " dim -
but not religious light" the huge fire.
place, into which the back log in winter
was gradually "sDaked" as it burned away,
the high benches, made Of slabs perched
on long wooden pins, at wonderful ele-
walton from the floor, the auger holes in
log walls into which the little culprits we're
required to stand for an hour or so with
their fingers inserted, when they were not
doomed to the ignominy of putting on
bonnet and sitting with the girls, were
in those days of bear-hunts and Indian
warfare the principal portion of school
house furniture. The profession of a
i" school-master," as the teacher was styled,
was at rare intervals adorned by men of
strong mind and culture, like Dr., Marshall
and few others, but was generally followed
in the back woods settlements by drinking
tramps Of the Bohemian order, like Boone's
perceptor, whose Saturday-night sprees
were not thought to be inconsistent with
their position, or else by such eccentric
specimens as Washington Irving's Ichabod
Crane. While some of the old.tlme school.
masters were worthy men, and some of the
&c old-feld" school-houses sent ont men
who 10 after life became eminent as schoI-
ars and professional men, the room for
improvement was great, and the most ar
dent admirer OF the good old times will
readily admit that a great change for the
better has taken place 10 public schools.
l-Louisuille Courier-Journal.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

IcE-HoUsE.-Some substance that will not
easily terment and mold and rot is to be Sc
iecsed for packing for the lce-house. Fresh
sawdust, tan-bark or charcoal dust are the
best if they can be procured. The next in
usefulness are chat from the threshing ma.
chine, finely cut straw or sawdust that has
already been used for some purpose. Fine
chips from planning mill is very good pack.
ing. Buckwheat bulls or hemp heads are
too easily rotted and fermented to be ueed
for the purpose.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

A pair of farm horses will consume in a
year 6'l-2 tons of hay and 270 bushels of
oats, their daily ration being IL pounds of
hay, and IL pounds of oats for each. 1t
will take IA to l6 acres of land to raise this
amount of fodder. A COW will consume IL
pounds of hay and six pounds Of corn meal
daily, equal to Ii tons of hay and 40 BUSH
els OF corn, allowing for toll for grinding it.,
per year. One acre of good corn land will
produce enough grain and stalks to keep a
cow during the year.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-12-17

Southerner is awaking under the pinch of
adversely. and learning the lesson OF utlliz-
ing and deve oping the lavish gifts of nature,
which he has hitherto put to 50 little use.
The South has long been famous for her corn-
cake; her cott0n-cake is a more recent pro-
due ION, and bids fair to be equally popular
and profitable From " The New SOUTH
by EDWIN De LEON. in Harper's Magazine
for Ja,audry