The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-19
CarliStS In the North, Communists in the
South and DriyellerS Between.
THE RESURRECTION At cAS1AaENA.
Graphic History of It's Progress
Day by Day.
GERMAN CAPTURE OF TEE vIGuANTE

the world, menaced Britain and conquered half Of
Europe, may be known as soon as editors and re-
viewers at homo may please, under three political
divisions. The ancient Kingdom OF Spain is divided
beyond doubt at present, but not, IL the Cortes Is
wise, beyond all remedy.
We have first geographically speaking, the most
important DIVISION the Two CASTLES, Leon, Galica
Asturias and Arragon; second, Navarro, Catalonia
and the Basque provinces; third, Valencia Carta-
gena Murcia, Andalusia, Estramadura and other
Southern provinces. Politically, the nrst division
may be known under the name OF the government
OF Madrid, which Is formed by the union
Of the ancient unionists, progresistas
liberals, radicals, Afonsists, Montpensier-
lists, Sagastinas and conservative republicans,
but existing now under the name OF the Right or
conservative republicans, with CASTELAR, for chief;
the Centre or reformistas, or moderate intransi
gentes, under Pf Margall; tie Left, or viole mt
lntransgentes, he'd by Jose Maria Orense, Marquis
OF Albada. the second division. politically speak.
Ing, bears the title Of Carsts, roYalists or abso-
lutlsts, who recognize Don Carlos VII. already as
King. The third division must be admitted to be
the united independent cantons OF the South OF
Spain. each canton ruled locally and municipality
BY their own elected Chiefs with central govern
ment, which will probably Sit at Seville to manage
the affairs of the cantons automatically with for
eign countries.
Perhaps you win imagine that am rather pre-
mature In disclosing the fact that Spain is divided
Into three governments. Indeed, 1t has only
uawned on my mind the last day or two, but from
my knowledge OF how the political wires are being
manipulated feel that my convictions are inds-
putably correct, and believe that, after you hear
my reasons, you viii share and appreciate my
views.
So long as Senior Pi Margal was at the head of
the government al Madrid there were only two
clearly defined and well understood political
divisions these were the Spanish federal republic
and the Carlsts. Though cantons were formed
during his Presidency, at ostensible variance with
his government, yet Spain was satisfied that there
existed no great depth OF hostility between Pi y
Margai and the impatient, irreconcilable republi-
cans OF the South. In fact, 1t was said boldly by
the press OF Madrid that Pi Margall was the
prime originator and tnstigator of the movement,
and however hostile the cantons might apparently
be, we all knew and felt convinced each day that
ri Margall allowed to pass by without adopt
Ing measures to c0erce tho cantonists to
obedience that each province OF Spain
would be declared an independent canton by
almost unanimous vote OF the Cortes.
But when ri y Margall sent in his resignation, and
, new election OF President OF the government
was decided upon, and Salmeron liberal, was
liberals such as Becerra and Others, came in, and
Old unionist generals were offered employment by
the President, and even Topete, the Montpensier.
st, coadjutor Of Prim and Serrano In the over
throw OF Queen Isabella, was placed In command
Of squadron, to capture and take possession OF
the rebel iron-clads, and severe and summary
DEGREES were fulminssed by the Gaceta day alter
DAY, then people began to suspect something, and
to ask themselves and everybody who was willing
to impart information, whittier 1t was all tending
and what might these radical changes, so sudden
and summary, portend
THE TWO REPUBLICS.
II the government OF Madrid intend to make a
federal republic and, consequently to declare the
Independence OF the cantons, or 10 make each
canton sovereign, and free to govern itself in all
That concerns Its own territory, why should 1t be
severe on an act OF the cantons as to declare the
beat ircE-clads that spain possesses pirates and
subject to be taken by any foreign Powers Would
II call the rising OF the cantons rebellion and make
Immense preparations to crush such rebellion oy
battering down cities and forts and arsenalsY
Would 1t night against people OF whose independ-
ence, after brief period OF discussion upon the
constitution, 1t proposed to decree, by act of
Cortes. full recognitionf In short, is It possible
that the governments OF Madrid would declare war
TO the knife against the federal republican OF the
southern provinces, II the Cortes at Madrid In.
tended 10 establish and declare Spain to be
federal republic2 Why should the government en-.
aeavor 10 crush what 1t must shorty-if It Is to be
eredIted-rebuld9
Ana II 1t does not intend to establish the federal
Icpuoac, Is 1t not betraying the trust 1t has 70
ceiVeoY suspicion has pointed Its sinister finger at
.uo government; IL mas been repeatedly urged by
nign spirited and sincere republicans that the
war
Heachery and unworthy motives have constantly
been imputed to them, but until this hour proofs tn
establish such "wild and unworthy conjecture
- some called II, were wanting. When Pi y Mar
gall fell from power the federal Republic OF Spain Of
February 1879, fell, and with the accession OF Sal.
meron to power
NEW MONARCHY STRUGGLED At ITS BRITT.
In this statement you have the key TO the nrcs.
ent disturbances in Spain, excluding Alcoy. OF
course. have been unchartabe enough to say IN
my former letters that the people OF Spain know
not how to govern themselves As consistently We.
rac'ous and conscientious correspondent am com.
relied TO make the ane'sde honorable, and to ssy.
not that the people OF Spain know not how to gov.
ern, but that they have never had chance to gov.
ern themselves. This party now in power Is only
the old, old antiquated, bigoted, oppressive,
unionist and progrcsstst parties united with radi
calls and liberals and few giddy headed or per-
verse minded republicans, who will not DO taught
that danger lies before them.
THE FIGURE OF CASTELAR,
stands vividy before my minds eye as write
grand, heroic and sublime hear his soul stirring
oratory, and the strains OF his sweet silver voice.
see multltudes moved with one accord, who rend
The air with their sounding applause, and men
rushing up to him, and hailing him % "a glorious
son OF Spain, and true republican" IT. when l
ga. TINS man standing up in this party as
.ue euioe and counsellor, refused to believe the
nsm , OIL enemies that no was conspiring
against the Republic which be aided "a found. I
think may be forgiven; but alter this aeclaraton
war against the federal republicans OF the
sou'nern provinces-though re. think Castelar, ia
honest ana sincers-I think his party, consisting