, 1873-04-21
THE FARM AND GARDEN.

kh% fftbb AMI NRnULWs
OF the sprlnr-.rho
Proper Condition OF tho Soil for
Ployvtng--1Yhy A1ondow-Lnnd MAY
BE Flowed When Wot-.plpnty Of
HAY md Pastuxc--yvhntW We NIny Do
should tho Weather Prove Nniny-.
Trcnch-PloxvlnK tho Meadow yVo
Must Isc Prepared for Untovnxd
Weather for Planting.
From Our Agricultural Correspondent
OHAArA1aH, H., April 10, 1878.
We hnvc now advanced 30 far among tho daya
Of spring that we are enabled to form somo
definite opinion In regard to tho orop-prospoot,
or at leaat the relative area Tint may DO planted.
Thoimmenso qunntitioa Of snow and leo to the
north OF us, and such storms as that in Nebraska
have q modifying effect On tho otherwise mild
spring-dnys TINT ought to rule with us. Thoao
have
RETARDED TIE SPRING,
to which hoavy rains havo been added, and, at
this date, hut small por cont of tho annual
seeding has boen accomplished. We havo had
cloudy, falling weather, that has prevented evap-
Grafton, and thus tho soil remains soddou. and
Ia not in condition for the p1ow. Every farmer
knows that to plow clay-land, which is tho gencr-
al character Of our prairio-soils, when uet and
sodden, as at present,
rs NOT PERMISSIBLE,
as 1t simply looAB up tho plnnt-food, and tho
crop must prove failure. In saying this, ",
must except swartl-land, whethor raw, unbroken
pralrio, or meadow nnd pasturo-land. This e1-
coptton is ono Of vast Importance to tho farn6r,
for 1t mnkes crop Of corn Or Of potntoeB,
tho acason IL wet or dry. somo
So kont - 31,o4
have boon planted on swarsl-1and, when tho son
lind.
have called attention to this fact on previous
occasions, but itB Importance at this timo will
warrant repetition. have not soon tho doc
trino laid down In any Of the books or other pub
licatlons, but simply learned tho truth from per-
sonal observation. Tho
FLOWING OF SWAZILAND
may DO pursued without regard to tho wetnesH Of
the soil. II so wet that tho watcr will follow tho
nowly-openod frrrow, no harm will bo done,
gothor, on account Of tho immense
maBa Of roots that keep It porous. Now
TINT the Indications aro for rainy spring, at
aroa, ne may have recourse to the fact, that wo
the meadow or pasture to oorn, potatoes, da1, or
beans.
Tho condition of things Ia about thus:
THE spn1Na-wuEAT, RYE, AND BARLEY
hayo boon sown, as that work was done before
these rain-ator1ne set in, the land
having boon prepared Last fall, and only
required narrowing to cover the seed, and tho
work WAS done Just aH the frost WAS coming out
Of tho ground. It required some yoars Of OK
porience to provo to tho farmers Of tho prairie
TINT spring. wheat must be sown ut tho timo that
tho frost leayos tho ground, and on land pro-
pared for the seeding tho previous fall got
such waB tho fact. And now We
take another 10 eson in the mnnagomento Of sssara-
land, TINT cannot fail OF proving Of interest to
those who have tdlo teams and idlo mon waiting
for tho cultivated folds to become sufficiently
dry to proceed with tho plowing.
The wheat, tho rye, and tho barley haVo beon
BOWL;
are yet tn the binB and when no shall be ablo to
get the Heed In the ground il rathor uncertain :;
but ono thing is cortain !: that the seed-time for
oats Ia slowly. passing away, and, from present
appearance, tho urea sown can at best bo amal.
THEN THE CORN
ie noxt In order, and acontinunnco Of the pluyial
conditions may also limit this crop. And TO
thon come to addraas ourselves to this now con-
dition tho possibility Of broadening the
eoorop BY occupying part q q tl the
may be asked. OF course wo can. In case tho
Roaaon is wet one, even during tho remainder
Of this month and In May, thore will be assured
at least ono.third moro hay than las been tho
average yiold per aero Tor tho past two aoRHons.
In TINT case, VIC may put
oNE-Tu1RD OF THE MEADOW INTO CORN.
II We como to wet hayng, and part Of tho
1ay-oror ia lost ITO may fall back OH tho corn-
stalks OF that part OF tho meadow, and thus &c.
euro ourselves against loss OF forage for
wintor.
We will suppose the farmer OF 1o0 acrea has
10 In meadow 10 Ia pasture, 40 for corn, and tho
remainder In tho small grains, orchard, highways,
oto. We will suppose that 10 acroB OF tho latter
ing for tho sunny days to como to enablc tho team
to do tho plowing, and thoy do not come in tino
for The sowing sna must 30 passed tor tue
IL tho rain continue to fall and the days to re-
the planting OF corn will also pass and little or
no planting will be done. Wo hayc soon this
state OF things reach beyond tho middle Of MaY
before a hill Of corn could DO planted on tho old
land, OF that Which had boon cropped tor two Or
endured as best ne may, and, IN case tho stub
blo-land on tho corn-hold cannot bo planted, w0
may coed 1t to graaB, for, under April skios OF
the kind stated, We may bo assured Of
4 Q1DQ UAEuu OF 0Rhdbt
oven among the woedB aud docnying oorn-Btallss.
Wo may be ahlo to pass tho roller over it. md
| thus press the rrhbiah to the earth, that the
weeds and the grass may struggle up, together.
When tho woods arc a foot or 10 III height, tho
mower should check their rapid growth, mid
! glyo tho grass chance to al,ow itsof abovo tho
stubblo. This is about oil 70 oan 10 in d ralny
season with tho old land, and there Is no lI,nlp
for 1t, and tho teams aud tho men must DO idle,
unleaa other work can 10 provided for thon.
And It Is to the aWard-laad that VIC now turn our
attention In this emergency, As Haid, wo Gun
plow this land at any time when tho rain Ia
not actually falling; but, to do this
We must know Just HON to do this work. W.
will suppose the farmer to llayo two teams, Or tc
change work with his noighbor with a single
team, for tno furrowa aro to be made ut The
single round, or what VIC term
TnENCH-rLoWtHa.
Tho forward plow should be T. long, ellin Ia
Inch breaking -plow that will turn turf lilso ar
unbroken ribbon. aud go gagged that lhe furrow
slice may not bo over inches thick, aud thinner
uposslble. Tho plow that folowp should bo I