The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1873-06-14


passing hoping that the main rurpoTt Of this CON-
mUnication may be more fayorAbIy accepted
Annexation 70 he United States Of Amerisa 70
ny views appears rather a misfortune than s beue-
it. The opinion Is entertained perhaps on sccosnt
Of an antiqua;ed mind adhering TO antiquated
saws, such as " let every tub stand upon its own
bottom perhaps on account Of the experience Of
having once undergone the process Of annexation,
which bore the bloody fruit of two dire wars, the
Mexican and Secession. or perhaps might adduce
some reasoning. which however might be too
lengthy and, a IA Toots, Is Of no consequence. The
often tried scheme Of reciprocity undoubtedly
would be Of benefit 20 this country, a. long a. our
staple products are the Offset 70 -" Manufactured
goods. but a. IN former years | must still adhere
to my opinions. that a protective taris upon such
articles OF agriculture as we are able to produce
for our home consumption is one OF the principal
corner-stones upon which to foand an increased
population of small farmers, one Of the most neces-
sary ingredients Of a people that aspires TO pros
perity and progress in Intellectual, social and po-
litical directions.
In regard to labor, while l would assist the
planters to import needed laborerS, l should hest
tate 10 food the country with coolies and other
A~siatics, being of opinion that none of those peo-
pie are a desirable class for the purpose Of aug
meQLluR our pbplugttOJl. Inc INTRODUCTION OF tOclT
vices has and is exercising not only . most baRe-
full influence upon our native population dew
would believe. how far-spread the use of opium Isl
but they are incapable to disfranchise themselves
from tneir Asiatic homes or become sufficiently at
taehed to the country 20 leave even their defunct
bodies at rest in the ground. The population that
is needed is one that Is superior in intelligence.
one that is willing to make this country their per
MANN f,nna .rl tE,+ Ia.,r,a -.,h. ., .K.
soil and is capable to develop its resources. The
climate of this country is so mild that whites can
perform and do perform every kind of agricultural
labor. and these islands unlike the West Indies are
destined to be 4 ,ebite mems country. and will be
so whenever the right steps are taken from neceS-
Sity or ,cisdom to make it such, by the Introduction
OF white immigration.
From the late census it is apparent that only a
small portion. between four and five thousand. of
the available labor OF the country is actually en-
ployed, which means rather, ut work on sugar
estates. What becomes of all the rest of the pop
ulation, that Is able TO work and what amount is
by products Tor export OF home consumption
brought by this large portion OF the population to
the domestic hive. That question every one can
soon answer. As 1t is. sugar is King. | am sorry
TO acknowledge the fact. Aud sugar is a hard
king. To set his kingship up requires a large, al
most kingly capital that has broken many a back
then again To keep him in his seat requires con-
slant labor, and in fact harder, severer and more
exhaustive labor than any other agricultural pro-
duct, and as soon as his kingship falls a few cents
in value, the ship of state itself is threatened to
be s~wamped, and "our tub is drowning" Out
with all such kingships, be it king sugar, king cot
ton or king potato. No man is of much account
that has but one idea in his head, and no country
that sticks closely and absolutely to one agricul-
tural idea cau prosper in u full development of a
peoples social progress.
My faith is in 4 republic of agriculture, and
there are few countries that offer to an Industrious
and enterprising population such I field for estab-
fishing a very republic of agriculture as these ISL
ands, where every climate from north to south is
represented.
As l remarked above, sugar planting requires
more constant. severer and more exhaustive labor
than any other product, and in this | end some
cause that so much of the available labor of the
country is non-productive, as only the younger
and stronger part OF the population are able or
willing to engage in the labor of sugar planting.
We should therefore, in my humble opinion, en-
deavor to develop as much as possible the rich re-
sources of our land not only to augment the value
of our exports, but with Il view to give lighter en-
~ployment to that part of our available labor,
which shrinks from the more laborious cultivation
of sugar. With this view | advocated years ago
the introduction of rice culture. The fever, known
nj that time under the name of rice fever, which
spread for a while rapidly over the islands and at
one time threatened to eXtlrpate the indigenous
kalo plant, has happily subsidized, and to-day we
raise annually sufficient rice for our home con-
sumption with q million or more pounds for eX-
portation. now come before the public again as
a claimant for their kind consideration, and with
out expecting to start another fever. l nevertheless
hope that many may place sufficient confidence in
my statements to follow my suggestions for their
own advantage and the benefit OF our common
country and our children. and when in a few years
hence the export of our sea island cotton amounts
to a million pounds or more, We may congratulate
ourselves on having added an annual augmentation
of half a million of dollars 10 the sweets of our
domestic hive. Furthermore it at some future day
fortune, the State, or the Chamber of Commerce
would put up a cotton mandatory near some of
our ~first-Tate water powers, the finest region for
upland cotton. the kula lands on Maui Freeminently.
would in a few years augment the income of this
country to such an extent. that the smiles or froWns
of king sugar would be of little consequence.
To Mr.. II. VI. Whitney Is due the honor of hav-
ing lahored during the last six or eight years as
siduOuSly TO Introduce the cultivation of sea island
cotton. but its progress has so far been slow and
unsatisfactory. The cause of this lies in my opinion
in the fact. that the culture and advantages OF cot
ton are but little understood and principally be
cause the culture OF sea island cotton was expected
to be undertaken mainly by those (natives) who
are the best fit tor it.
l have had some twelve years or more expert
ence in the culture OF upland as well as sea island
cotton. and | venture to say. that while the cult
walton aud manipulation of upland is very simple
and might be readily managed by native cultiva-
tors. the successful and remunerative cultivation
of sea island requires an amount OF intelligence
and care. which as a rule Is but seldom found
among our native labOreTS, but at the same time |
may say. that where sea island cotton is cultivated
with the necessary intelligence and the great care
that is required. there are few if any crops that
can compare with il in remunerativeness rice and
sugar not excepted. and the capital needed to en-
ter upon the cultivation of sea island cotton is so
small. that any one possessing a fair amount of
energy and industry may venture upon it success
fully.
The area of land adapted to sea island cotton
culture is comparatively limited. The islands of