The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-27

gray DUCKS, IL WOOD snipes, besides fish offers,
badger, foxes, II marders, 40 weasels, 8 eagles
Is herons, ss hawks, % vultures and nearly four
thousand Of other classes.
THE GENERAL ASPECT OF THE Farm.
do not know that anything can be added to
these figures that viii make the results OF the jour-
ney more clear to you The farming was on large
scale. but not as finished or as scientific as much
that we had seen In Germany, England and France.
Many tracts were lying waste, and there were
fields OF grain which did not seem to do their best
At the Berghof farm, which first visited, there
were some splendid cattle-a Bohemian breed,
large-ned and in good condition. But the accom-
modatons were not OF the best, the roof being low
and the drainage imperfect, The cattle might GER
tainly have had more comfort, more air and room.
The buildings were very DID, the projecting, concal
roof going back, perhaps, to the seven
teenth century; and as they were built
to last presume the Prince does not
care to disturb them. But no science has grown
more in its requirements than agriculture. and it
seems as impossible to attain the best results In
farming without keeping pace with Its science, as
1t would be to obtain the best results in any other
calling. After leaving the BerghOf farmhouse we
visited three Others looking also at some meadow
land which had been reclaimed. One experiment
In ditching attracted your attention
as genuine effort to put fine sweeping meadow
under tribute to the plough But this was excep-
tiOnal. The vast estate had many advantages Of
soil and water We only noticed one tract
that was sandy and poor In soil, and
there not very attractive mock of sheep
were feeding, under the control OF dog, who
showed more intelligence and honest appreciation
OF his worth than many OF our prominent citizens
who are mentioned in connection with the Pres
dency. We spent some time in examining an ex-
pertinent in peat fires and turf-dgging, but it
added nothing to the general knowledge of our
company on the subject.
THE FEUDAL SYSTEM.
While we saw vastness and energy In the estates
thrift and an ordinary comfort among the people
SO far as the eye Gould judge-the Same difficulty
seemed to exist with the farming OF Prince
Schuargenberg that used to be seen in our
Southern States under the old plantation
system. You saw great domain and
many Of the attractive, poetic features
of the feudal system, but nothing more. The peo-
pie did not make as comfortable an appearance as
the same number Of villages would have made In
the United States Two or three peggars came out
of the woods when the Prince and his retinue had
passed to mock with their entreaties his High
ness splendor and hospitality. We visited the
large bakery. The bread was fine and cheap. We
visited the vast henery and were told it produced
10000 hectolitres annually We can testify that
the beer was as delicate wine and in color like
pale golden sherry, creamy and smooth and CHEEKY
to the taste. But we did not see anywhere on the
estates the activity and growth, the outcoming Of
mental life and energy, which would have marked
the possessors and workers OF these thousands
OF acres had the land been under the
ownership of one thousand rather than one pro-
prietor, under the American rather than the Aus
TRAN system. Neither the agriculture nor the
social life had reached its highest development,
and while we saw the feudal system at Its best, an
enlightened Prince over all and an intelligent
people wiling and content. we could not resist
the belief that there were better conditions in
society for both Prince and people.
THE HEREDITARY FISHERMAN.
Returning to our narrative, or rather the more
picturesque part Of the journey, we note that
about Wittingan there are many waters, lakes
and widely branching streams, and that in them
fish Of all choice varieties have been encouraged
TO grow and multiply. There are four distinct
lakes within an hours ride-the lakes called
Opatowitzer and Sweet-a large one called
Rosenberger and small one known as
Kaniow. 1t was the custom long before the
Princes ancestry reigned here-far back in the
time Of the Rsenbergs, who no longer reign, sink
ing into debt and bad repute long. long ago-to
give the management OF these fisheries to one
duty was devolved upon the head Of the house, and
his descendants still perform the junction. We
remember this as we are slowly driven back to
Wittingan to see the chateau and the brewery and
to dine, let us pray, for how hungry these Bo-
hemian airs have made usi We are driven slowly
back and the village scatters tokens Of its lite In
groups of men and women gayly dressed. We
descend and,march along shaded lane, the Prince
hereditary. with his rudy face, leading, and
in merry, shouting humor, as, indeed, he has
been all the day. We turn from the lane and
down into an open common, the town at last
before us, rather leaning over US from the HILL and
all who dwell there out to welcome us. We have
as much honor IN this small Bohemian way as any
Persian Shah or Kaiser could need, and we make
our progress, dusty, tired, afraid that we may
have to see more cattle, and not above anticipa-
irons of the dinner. But we are greatly honored,
for the old men take of their hats and the women
coyly stare-especially at those of US who are
Turks and believe in the Prophet-and the dogs
come scampering down upon an invasion, with
loudly expressed but Intellectual remonstrances
Reaching the common we note hut, covered with
fishing tuglines, and young man in peasant dress
holding basket Of flowers. At signal from
the Prince the peasant advances and presents
each OF our lady friends with q small nosegay Of
lilles tied with blue ribbons. Then we pass on and
see an open tent, made OF fishing nets. Before 1t
stand, in sentinel attitude, still and silent as
statues, dozen peasants in dark costumes, an
open, mapping hat and long, leathern celts. These
are the hereditary fishermen, descendants OF the
one who was honored with this trust in the Middle
Ages; and here for generations they have lived,
fish in the water and men upon the land, in due
respect and friendship, each doing their respective
duties hidden in these Bohemian valleys, from age
to age, duly serving each other well this man,
their Prince, who pats the sentinel fisher
men on the shoulder as they take or their
hats with deep reverence and bow IN
allegiance to their lord, unmoved, updisturbed,
uninterrupted in this calling by the tumults
OF the world beyond, VINO have reigned
over them all this time. And the master of the
fisheries, tall, graybearded person. very tall and
fine to see stands over q half dozen deep tubs OF
water, and with hand-net ladies out the living
fish for our wondering eyes, couple Of noble,