davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

The money market has been firm all day with
per cent as the bottom rate call, and from that
I'D to 1-s bonus The market is likely to rule firm
for the next few days pending the changes Incl
dent to the first of January. Discounts are quoted
same as heretofore the very rst-cass going at to
per cent The loan certificates are now reduced to
s1.s9O,OOO The outstanding legal-tender circulation
amounts to S37 Co., an increase to-day of $5O1 0o
Government bonds have been strong and higher
under the persistent buying of investors to avoid
taxation. We annex closing quotations:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

cantr,, Delaware, Lsckaw anna and Western. New
Jsrrev Csntra Rock Island and tho strong position
maintained by them to-day Tho more active shares
,odav onened barely steady then advanced, and az
ter ~ o'clock became intensely dull and steady
again the general market closing steady after day
devoid of feature. One-hundred-and-twen'y snares
Of the stock of the Ohio and Mississippi ha'iroad
were sold at auction to-day at N.. The following
were the opening highest lowest, ana closing prices
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

months He was committed for examination. Justice
Bxby then committed oil the remaining prisoners In
default OF $500 bail for good behavior Justice Bxby
said that such Of the prisoners could prove that they
had regular employment no should at once release.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

GENERAL ssMosH,cKErr RM,gge Jourdsn aiding prisoner
Anirev robbery; Pedk Fumsn burglary Patrick
Wsb.r burel.r; j. becker burgarr Peter Callahan Two e.se
larceny receiving stolen goods Louisa Cnners and Self GeJer
three and receiving stolen GOODS Chas Dseh larceny
receiving stolen Isaac Lee 0n larceny and receiving stolen
goods OConnor and Frank CaneauH larceny and receiving
stolen goois John grand larceny; James MGrh and Mat
thew larceny from the person. Thomas Mcdonnell larceny from
the person. Patrick Collins Chs Collins John oar and jeremiah
larceny James eneon rcuJ John Feeny larceny; John
Guilty ceoy James Coum lsrcenJi John Cnon assault and bst
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

- n. TOrAB:
Loass and Dis t25so9 800 Legal Tenders
Specie ...... 235lt30ol Deposits .l95H62loo
Clr cuAtlou
The transactions at the Clearing house for this
past week compare AZ follows with thoss Of the pre-
viOus week:
Clearings for the week ending Dsc so7 40 s7s o.
Clearipgs Tor The week ending Dec 2..... 3il)0sy9 81
balances ior tho week ending Dec. 20 $4,000 "a
Baiances Tor tho week ending Dec 2...-... H5H@3 Is
In railroad bonds the dealings animated. and
firm feeling prevailed. higher prices beng re-
corded in many instances, notably in the cases Of
the Pacific mortgages and Chicago and Northwest
consolidated gold bonds. The sales are given in
the printed Stock Exchange lists elsewhere. The
following were the hida.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

"a, 7:2i AL Moon se... 4i2
pAv-AH
ssnd, oot 43l Cows Island. 5l2 Hell Gate Perry. 7;0l
500 Cows Island bal Hell Gate FEM. 1880
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30
Glendinning, Davis g. Amory's closing prices

The London adyices were not OF material I'M
portance to-day, being ticket day" on the London
Stock Exchange, and tomorrow the fortnightly
settling day. Consols were steady, Eric weak and
United States bonds strong and higher, with money
unchanged. This state Of things had no influence
upon the gold speculation, which was tame except
for brief space of time near the opening tho basis
of the limited sales being 11O.@llOs, and the ex-
IRENE range 11O01lOi. There was no new consldera-
ton affecting the price, which followed the course
of sterling The rates paid to have balances carried
were TAI, gold, g. and 1-S2 bonus. The Assistant
Treasurer redeemed $4,000 in called Five-Iwenties
and discussed in coin interest $3.H4,Voo, mostly
January coupons. The days business OF the doid
Exchange Bank was: Gold cleared. S46,Slooo gold
balances. ST. 1856 currency balances, 81 4OlO SO
IN fol
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30

Foreign Exchange opened firm, but on strong de-
mand for bills and in the dearth of cotton bills rates
were advanced o quarter, with business close on to
official asking figures. We annex quotations:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-30
THE MONEY MARKET.
OFFICIAL REPORT ~ y STOCK E1CHASoE sALh'
DEC. 20. 1873
GOVERNMENT STOCK DEPARTMENTAL. ocloCA
ASD III O'CLOCK, A. VI.

md III D CLOCh' A NJ
ooo =, a a, n, "a, 10 iIei. IN 600 lis s, 1910 Reg.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

The New York Tribune says:" One
good result of tho discussion Of oyerwork
ia schools, started in Boston, is the reduc-
ton of the daily school sessions in Albany
! to five hours and half. The case Of deten-
: ton after school hours in Boston was in.
stigated by committee which gave nom
committal report, rather defending the
teacher than otherwise, and intimating thai
lit was the pupils fault in attempting to
compete with children older than herself.
This report brought out o letter from the
pupils father; who vehemently declared
that study after school hours is an evil
which the Boston schools too much in
dulge in, and which must be remedied ir
spite of committees, and reports"
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

EVIDENCE taken on Saturday in the
Goodrich case shows that the mysterious
Kate Stoddard was very violent, and per-
haps crazy woman. Goodrich made her
acquaintance through newspaper per-
sonal." She found him rich, and she
chung to and, of course, loved him. In
due time he proposed to |" shake {" her
but there was too much money involved to
permit this to be easily done. He escaped
her only by death, and tits more than like
ly that she killed him. We believe it quite
unnecessary to give the moral Of this brie
statement. Bat can the woman never b.
found ? Rather, how is it possible 70
even the detectives to avoid finding 81
marked character .Bs ;g.,e dssd
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

, .rN 4 - i.
TIMES of great peril bring out the best
as well as the worst traits Of human nature.
In the details Of the wreck of the Atlantic
we find the following: William w. Hay
man, breaking q way for himself through
port-hole, somebody said: .Let the boy
go first, and Hayman, stepping away from
safety, the boy, John Hendley, was hand nd
ed out to the strong arms and stout heart
of Richard Reynolds, who passed him on
to safety. These examples of devotion tc
the cause of humanity are eclipsed by Will.
liam Hoey, another passenger, who upon
the rock pulled drowning men from the
water. untilhis hands weremade useless by
cold, and then rescued several by dragging
them out with his teeth. TSG1E
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
BANKRUPT NOTICES.


H4 1856 Involuntary.
rIaHIS uSTO GIVE NOTICE-That on the
il 10Th day OF March, A. d., 1873, a warrant
In bankruptcy was issued out of the District
Court Of the United States for the Eastern Dis
trict of Virginia, against the estate of William
Thalhmer & Sons, of Henrico county. and
State Of Virginia, who have been adjudged
bankrupts on the petition OF their creditors !;
that the payment of any debts, and the
delivery of any properly belonging to said
banlkrupts, to them or for their use. and the
transfer of any property by them, are forbidden
by law; that meeting of the cred tors of said
bankrupts, to prove their debts and choose one or
court of bankruptcy, to be holden at Richmond.
before w. W. Forbes, Esq register on the 9th
day of May, A. d., 1873. at 10 clock A. nj.
DAVID b. PARKER,
aplO-Th2w -1filil Fl u. S. Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

~ WHEN the proprietor Of the New York
Ledger dies, newspaper publishers ought
to erect a monument over his grave to the
memory of the Apostle Of Advertising, as
he certainly has been. He is probably
worth more than $1,000, 900, and he has
expended more than half that sum in adj
vertising. He has paid 90, 900 for "a single
advertisement, and $4,000 for a. week g
advertising. He set the fashion of using
printers ink munifcently, and verify has
he had his reward. .isasa5a
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

y,,,,s - = RI GIyr 4 NSr,cE That . ON The
i 4th day of April A. d., 1873, "a war
rant in bankruptcy was issued ont of the Dis
trict Court of the United States for the Eas-
tern District of Virginia, against the estate OF
Everett s, Cousins, of Amelia county and
state Of Virginia, who has been adjudged a
bankrupt on his own petition; That the pay
ment of any debts, and the delivery Of any
property belonging TO aid bankrupt, to him or
for his use, and the transfer of any property by
him, are forbidden by law; That meeting of
the creditors of said bankrupt, to prove their
debts and choose one or more assignees OF his
estate will be held at a court of bankruptcy,
to be holden at Richmond, before w. w. Forbes.
Esq, Register on the 30th day of April, A. d.,
DAVID b. PARKER, n
T, an lD-lTh2w zn0H ai eI9Hi u. S Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
1, ms is TO GIVE nc NSr,cE4rha. on d

1yFlIs IS TO GIVE N0TICELThas ON the
i goth day Of March, A. d., 1873, awarrant in
bankruptcy was issued out of the Dis rict court
of the United States for the Eastern District OF
Of Dinwiddie county, and State of Virginia, who
has been adjudged a bankrupt on his own petit
ton That the payment Of any debts, and the
delivery Of any property belonging 10 sad panK.
any property by him, are forbidden by law =
That meeting of the'creditors of said bankrupt
to prove their debts and choose one or more as
signees Of his estate, will be held at a Court Of
bankruptcy, to be holden at the Registers Office
at Richmond, virenia, before w. W. Forbes
ESQ, Register, on the 30lh day of April, A. ID.
'' !" ~ "''' 49, ~ H. DAVID B. PARKER,
an 2-W2w u. S. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

TlHIS Is TO GIVE, NOTICE-That on the
IL goth day of Marsh, A. d., 1873, a warrant
in bankruptcy was issued out of the District
Court of the United States for the Eastern
Durham, of Essex county and State of Vir-
iginia, who has been adjudged bankrupt on
his, own, petition: that the payment OF any
to said bankrupt, to him OF for his use, and the
transfer of any property by him, are forbidden
by law; that q meeting of the creditors OF
said bankrupt, to prove their debts and choose
held at at a court of bankruptcy, to be holden
at Richmond before w. w. Forbes, Esq, regis.
ter on the s0th day Of April, A. d., 1873, al
10 o'clock A. NJ.
DAVID B. PARKER,
al lO-Th2w u S. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
II THIS, Is TO GIVE rs Nssor1cE-rha, q. d

THIS Is TO GIVE NOTICE-That OH the
j 22d day of March, A. d. 1873, a warrant in
bankruptcy has been issued out of the District
Court the United States for the Eastern District
of Dinwiddie county, and State OF Virginia,
who has been adjudged q bankrupt on the
petition of his creditors THAT the payment of
any debts, and the delivery of any property
belonging to said bankrupt, to him or for
his use, and the transfer Of any property by him,
are forbidden by law THAT a meeting of the
and choose one or more assignees of his estate
will be held Mt a court of bankruptcy, to be
holden at at Richmond, before w. w. Forbes,
ESQ, Register. on the 30th day of April, A. D.,
1873, at 10 o'clock A. M. 80 ID ssj
ri on IEGi 7 sa3a DAVID B.PARKER.
APP 2--W2w fzatfqr iri ". S. Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
ap lO-Th2w
.iI,Hrs rs no GIVE NSioTIoE.-That On the

,iI1,HIs rs no GIVE 4SSioTIcE.-That On the
Sd day, of April, A. d.. 1873, a warrant
in Bankruptcy was issued oHt of the District
Court OF the United States for the Eastern Dis
trict Of virginia, against the estate of w. 7.
Grasswitt Of rince Edward county, and State
of Virginia, who has been adjudged a bankrupt
on his own petition: That the payment Of
any debts, and the delivery of any property
belonging to said bankrupt, to him or. for his
use, and the transfer of any property by him,
are forbidden by law That a meeting of the
creditors of said bankrupt to prove their debts
will be held at a court of bankruptcy, to be
holden at Richmond before w. w. Forbes, Esq
Register, on the 30th day April, A. d., 1873, at
| ,'9cTW 10 7g9h ia DAVID d. PARKER.
m 1a-Theyy IT, s. Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

THOUGH the accuracy of the voluminous
statistics which the complete report Of the
Ninth Census contains may be questioned
in some respects, they have a high value in
presenting the relative condition of things
in various states and sections. The claim
is made by Mr.. Walker that the effort has
uniformly been made TO make the returns
Of each state equivalent for those Of the
other states. 4 ,,...,, Il, IA,
Comparing the criminal statistics OF
Massachusetts and Virginia, it is found
that there is one criminal for every five
hundred and seventy-seven inhabitants in
the former state, and one in over thou
sand inhabitants in the latter state. Of
nearly double as many criminals II
Massachusetts in proportion to population
as in Virginia. The relative number Of
criminals of different classes in the United
States is as follows: One to every LIZ
of the whole population; one to ever
1,744 Of the native whites; one to ever
637 of foreign born poi ulation and on
to every COS of the negro population "a
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
This IS TO eIyE a7 SSaoTrcE-rha. on til

THIS rs TO GIVE NOTICE-That OH the
i 4th day of April A. D., 1878, a warrant
in bankruptcy was issued out of the District
Court of the United States for the Eastern Dis
trict of Virginia. against the estate of Elizabeth
w. Meredith, of Louisa co, and State of Nir-
ginia, who has been adjudged bankrupt on
her own petition that the payment OF any
Ing to said bankrupt, to her or for her use, and
the transfer of any property by her., are for
pidden by law that a meeting of the creditors
Of said bankrupt, to prove their debts and
choose one or more assignees OF her estate, will
be held at court of bankruptcy, TO be
holden at Richmond, before w. w. Forbes ESQ.
| Register, on the 3othiday of April, A. d., 1873
- - - - DAyIDB PARKER, .
| an 16-Th2w s'iS U.S. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
THIS rs TO GIVE nv NSrIcE-r iii Il on I,

THIS rs TO GIVE NOTICE-That ON the
i 4th day of April, A. d., 1873, a warrant in
bankruptcy was issued out of the District
Court Of the United States for the Eastern
District of Virginia, against the estate
of Edward ID. Young, of Charles City county
and state of Virginia, who has been
adjudged q bankrupt son his own petition;
That the payment of any debts, and the deiiv-
cry of any property belonging to said bankrupt,
to him OF for his use, and the transfer of any
property by him, are forbidden by law; That
a meeting of the creditors of said bankrupt,
to prove their debts and choose one or more
assignees of his estate, Will be held at a court
of bankruptcy be holden at the Registers
Office Richmond, Virginia. before w. w.
Forbes, ESQ., Register on the s0th day
of April, A. ID. 1878, at 10 O'Clock A NJ
fEggE5 DAVID b. PARKER,
ap l0-Th2w II. 3. Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
rJ,HIs is TO GIVE NoTICE-That on I

THIS IS TO GIVE NOTICE-That on the
q IL Sd day of April, AID. 1878, a warrant
In bankruptcy was issued out Of the District
Court of the United States for the Eastern Dis
trict of Virginia, against the estate of
p. s. Traphagen, of Chesterfield county, and
State of Virginia, who has been adjudged a
bankrupt on his own petition THAT the pay
ment Of any debts, and the delivery of any
property belonging to said bankrupt, TO him or
forihis nse, and the transfer of any properly by
the creditors OF said bankrupt, to prove their
debts, and choose one or more Assignees of
his estate will be held at a Court of
Bankruptcy, to be holden at the Registers office
at Richmond, Va, before w. w. Forbes, Esq,
Register, on the 530th day of April, A. ID.
1878, at 10 o'clock A. M. u Y iala'!il y II.
Hli03 S3ola'a Z IA DAVID b. PARKER,
an 1O-Th2w st, II s. Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
, rims 10 elys s5ss on the At,

l9l3iLLl IuElIln.gL l476y
ETlHlS Is To GIVE NO1lCE-That on the 4th
u dayof April, 1873. warrant in bankruptcy
was issued out Of the District Court of the Uni
ted States for the Eastern District of Virginia
against the estate of John d.. James, OF
Goochland county, and State Of virginia. who
has been adiudged bankrupt on his own peti.
tion that the payment ofany debts, and the deliv-
cry of any property belonging to said bankrupt to
him or for his use, and the transfer of any
properly by him, are forbidden by law; that
a meeting of the creditors of said bankrupt, to
prove their debts and choose one or more assign.
ees of his estate will be held at court of bank
ruptcy, to he holden at the Registers office,
Richmond, Va before w. w. Forbes, Esq,
Register, on the 3oth day Of April, A. ID.
1'''' ~ Y'i'G DAVID B. PARKER.
an lO-Th2w ,IllG1L. III us. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

lFTyHTS IS TOfGIVE NOTICE--That on the
IL srd day of April, 1878, n warrant in bank
ruptcy was issued out of the District Court OF the
United States for the Eastern District of Vir-
ginia, against the estate of Egbert Wormaci, OF
Prince Edward county and State of Virginia.
who has been adjudged a bankrupt on his
own petition that the payment OF any debts,
and the delivery of any property belonging to
said bankrupt, to him or for his and the trans
fer of any property by him, are forbidden by
law u that q meeting OF the creditors OF said
bankrupt, to prove their debts and choose one
or more assignees of his estate, will be held at
court of bankruptcy, to be holden at Rich
mond, s Virginia, before W.. w. Forbes,
Esq, Register, on the S0th day of April
A. u 1878, at 10 O'Clock A. M
|air LSq % @DtiGH DAVID b. PARKER, %
Ian lO-Th2Wa -tn---- 60 U S. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
RICHMOND AND DANVMLF &. r.
.3i ps - GOING WEST,)

On and after Sunday, December %; ASIA.
'l8 tfa GOING WEsT,) 5.s sisSt
Train No. . Through Passenger) leaves Rich
mond daily Except Sunday at Ole A. M leaves
Danyille at l2:oo r. M; arrives at Greensboro
. Train No. 8 Nynchburg, ,Passenger) leaves
Richmond daily at 9:25 A. M; arrives at Lynch
0a Tgga Il No. 10 Through NAH and Express,
Danville daily at lG5lP. M; arrives at Greens.
boro daily at 1880 A. M. .5'tS@ -
1ElE' GOING EAST: giah9i9
Trnin No. Through Mail and Express)
leaves Greensboro daily at lao A. M; leaves
Danville daily at 4:32 A. NJ; arrives at Richmond
'. Tain in Ne. Through Passenger) leaves
Greensboro daily Except smdays) atlllslo A.
M; leaves Danville at 1:62 p M; arrives at
Richmond at $50 p. NJ
Tram No: 3 tLychabuTg Passenger, Leaves leaves
at 1905 p. M; arrives at Richmond at $40
Trains Nos. . and 10 connect at Greensboro
with trains on North Carolina railroad for all
Train No. 10 connects at Greensboro with
train for Raleigh; arriving there at 7;06 A. M.
Passengers leaving Raleigh at 7;l5 +. M con
meet at Greensboro with train No. for Rich
mond. 10 Sitil+-i ~
Train No. connects at Burkevills with train
on Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio railroad fer
ali points Southwest and South. I'M -
Lynchburg Accommodation leaves Richmond
1865 p. NJ, daily, except Sunday, arriving at
Lynchburg in time to connect with morning
Passenger Train on A. M. y 0. 4. r. for the
Southwest. Passengers coming East leave
Lynchburg after arrival of A. M. b %. Passen.
ger Train from Bristol, and arrive at Richmond
THROUGH TICKETS to all points south and
Southwest can be procured ut the ticket Office In
Richmond, and of r. F. WALKER, Agent of At.
lantlc, Mississippi and Ohio railroad, No. 1925
Main street. Richmond. t4Afa
Papers that have arrangements to advertise
the schedule of this company will please print
as above o.i JOHN r. MACMURDO,
General Ticket and Freight Agent.
NJ. r. TALoorT. Eng,r and Sup'ta au "a
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

rINHIs Is TO. GIVE NOTIGEE-That on
Sanlaptc s was ssaea out 20 81 ne District
Court OF the United States for the Eastern
District of Virginia., against the estate OF
ana Bpr1 %,a,.,,s Of ,vh Amelia county,
judged a bankrupt ON his q own petition !:
that the payment Of any debts. and the deli
very q any properly belonging 70 said bank.
any property by him, are forbidden by law;
that meeting OF the creditors Of said bank
rupt, to prove their debts and choose one or
court Of bankruptcy, TO be holden Attn Registers
ofbce, at Richmond, Va. before w w.
Forbes. Esq, Register, on the 3Oth day Of
April, A. ID. 1873, at 10 O'Clock A. M
fs'.t~iI 3saHh DAVID b. PARKER, 3
apsI0-Th2w lEnl asll al u. s. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10
III Involuntary.
rUyHVS Is TO GIVE NOTICE-That ON the

: - 5----.- ! III IHFUIuHIHIy. -. y I !,
FTNHlS IS TO GIVE NOrlCE-That ON the
i 4lh day of March, A. ID. 1878, a warrant in
bankruptcy has been issued out of the District
Court of theUnied States for the Eastern District
of Virginia, against the estate OF John
W. Jenkins, of Dinwiddie. county, and State of
va, who has been adjudged bankrupt on the
petition Of his creditors THAT the payment OF
any debts, and the delivery ofany properly belong
ing to said bankrupt, to him or for his use, and
the transfer of any property by him, are forbid.
den by law That a meeting of the creditors OF
said bankrupt, to prove their debts, and choose
one or more assignees of his estate, Will be held
at a court OF bankruptcy, TO be holden at
Richmond, before w. w. Forbes, Esq. Regis
ter, on the 9th day of May, A. ID. 1873, at 10
O'Clock A. M.otnR DAVID y. PARKER,
ap l0--Th2wff,f 49, ~ ". - MarsnaI
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-04-10

and inyiolabiy bound as she; but in those
other and higher duties which are not 10
ciprocals which are fixed and regulated by
the memorable Nemesis, and involve the
happiness of both earth and heaven, far
more sacred and inyiolable obligation rests
upon, her. The sacred casket con-
tanning the crown jewels Of her husbands
house and honor, is intrnsted- by heaven to
her sole keeping. The VOW that she takes
at the altar is faithfully to discharge that
trust. No correspondingly sacred vow
can be taken by him, and no like trust
reposed. The memorable Nemesis has
| settled this, and the sacredness of the do
mestic sanctuary is thousand times more
in her keeping than his. And this is wha
lifts her womanhood into higher mora
plane than man can ever hope to occupy II
this life, and imposes the sacredness Q
obligation to which we refer. Jl M.