, 1873-01-04
TWO IMPORTANT EXPEDITIONS.
Tho North L'O1c uuH HOl1tYA Isolc to 1sO
Searched out simultaneously.

Tho North L'O1c N1lt1 SO17tYA IsAlc to 1so
Searched out simultaneously.
FTont tho London 1sic0ruJ,h, Dec. II.
III n foW days, If not fuw h0urn, tho Cllnl-
longer Will start on ller long throo yoars voyage
Of discovery anl rosoarch. Sing,ilarly oncugh,
it il now ns noarly III may bo n hundred years
binco Cook Bot out OIL llia memorable expedition.
l,,!ntlrcd yonrs 1lave dono groat things for ls;
and in tl,oHo days Of scrow n!camorh and ocean
toioEraphH n voyage round tho world ID q c0t,s-
paratively little matter. Tho Cllallougo, low
over, Starts upon no ordinary cru,so. After n
l,I lrief III x1t to Lsbon, oibralar and Madslra
lho Atlantic. Ihonco sic viii flg1lt hor way
southwark to tho ,nystorloua regions OF thick
riblod leo tint lo in tile Southern Pole. Tlonco
Now Zealand, md 10 OIL through tllo coral occan
to Japan, returning liomoward by way Of tho la-
citic. Nor will tho galaut vessel bo alono III tho
task; It now Becnss moro than probable TINT yet
another expedition will 10 sent out to explore
Sailing through Dnyls' Strata all Da,1in'a nay
into Blntt, 8 Hound, kalo In 1864, sighted north
Of Capo Comstftutlo lon n boundlesa open polar Bea
tooining with animal life. 1t IL now proposed
TINT, as q compliment to tho doep-soa voyage of
DO despatched to visit tho north coast Of Groon-
land md to mako itn way to Kano's open
ocean; and 1t Is understood that Mr.. dladstono
has consented to roceiyo u doputatlon which will
NATIONAL purso.ytri1lgs for Ills alyonturoup Of
fort, Should tho n,on1orialBlg cnrry tlloir point
wo ahhll l1ave coniointly at work au Arctic and
as Antarctic expedition. Tho Challenger, with
hor vast store Of scientific apparatus, will 10
llor sister Hlip will be making tic best of hor
way against tho cruel tloos up Dafllns Bay. Thus
viii Nortl, Pole and South Tolo DO si,nlltano-
ouHly searched out; and, although 1t Is difficult
to answer by tho card those who, in Il spirit Of
pounds, Bl.iings, and ponce, tlo,,1aul torulous-
Iy. "Cui bono 7" il IL yet eaay to 500 tint tlo
discoveries which tloso couioiut expeditions aro
likely to make will bo Of tho greatest scientific
value. FROM them wo shall gain what .yo Horely
depths, with 4 chart Of tho great doep-soa o,r-
roIlts, moro accurate than any ut present In our
possession. We shall solve several difficult
problolns in magnetism tllat romain aB yet I'LL
Hottlnd, ai NO may possibly add considerably to
our now scanty knowledge Of tho geography OF
the two poles. Tho yaluo Of discoveries bucl M
those it ia hard to estimate precisely in coinage
Of tho realiu. It 1nny, however, cousolo huBi-
ness men to know that tho Challenger, fitted
cut as au explorer, will cost o loss
SUN annually than Bho would cost If in
full commission; and Tint tho expenses Of
the Daflln'B Buy expedition are likely to moro
than roray themselves, should oulY IN inlet DO
discovered into that boundloHs ocean which,
just oight years ago, Bprcad itsolf out before
Thick aB gudgoons roll upon tho Tedlngton
sandba,ik. AZ the earth, liko gigantic orange,
BplnB round and round Un hor own axis, flo
hugo maas Of tho sca'a water, heated at tho
equator by tho direct rays Of vertically y-poiael
Hun, flows OF northwarl and aouthward toward
the two poles. 4 steady unlorwash, like somo
monstrous river runs duo north and south from
tho equator, and, as tho strcam approaches the
polo It riscH to the surface.
At tho worry contro OF tho North Polo There is
no land, md tho warm currents, ascending like
q great goysor or lot spring from tho lower
deptEs, sproad themselves out and form n witQ
opsn Arctic Ocear-tl,o homo Of seal mud walrl1n,
Of wllnlo atul bonr. SO intense, however. in tic
cold that tic warm unilor-curro,lt rs soon as it
reaches the surface and retnrns bacl, upon itsoll
towards tho equator, frcozcH into hugo Noos md
hum,nocks, ind thus it is that Kano's pola,
sea is girt In by n giunt circle Of leo which il
forever and over travelling towards tho south
Over thusu dreary waatcs Parry did his boBt tc
tourney duo north, hut found to lis disnay that
tho Ice oyor which ho was slodging iloatod down.
wards toward tho equator far more rapidly than
be with lis plodges co,,M make way in tho diroc
tion OF the Pole He was attempting, in short
to climb giant treadmill, and 80 gavo up the