Liberal Republican. [volume] (Dallas, Or.) 1872-1???, 1873-03-29

V.
recently puli>hed well written an
instructive volume, entitled. '' Coffee
ITS History and its Use" from III
pages of which we Gull the followin.
Eutercsting facts:
THE COFFEE PLANT
is, in its native state, an everarec:
shurb having oval, shining. sharl
! pointed leaves, white, flgrant fire-clcf
clustered corollas, with projcct;n.
anthcrs and oblong, pulpy berries
which are at first OF bright REQ
color but afterwards become purple The
flowers, which re>cmblcd those Of the
jessamine, fade very soon and arc
replaced by a kind Of fruit not unlike
"A ch rry, which contains yellow fluid
envelopiDg two small seeds aud berries
convex upon upon one side, fiat and
turrowe1 on the other These seeds
are Of a horncy or cartiaeenous nature.
they are glued together, each being
surrounded with p, culiar coriaccous
membrane. The period Of Il n,wcrins :
does not last more than two days. The
seeds are known to he ripe when the
berries have a dark red color.
PREPARATION or TIE BEAN
When the frui; is gathered, it l.,
measured ani thrown iuto loft
Within twenty four hours, it is
submitted to the action of the pulpiug
uaehioery. The rulped berric, remain
for day and a night in process of
fermentation when the mucIIacinnus
matter is washed of la an hour
or SO the coffee j. removed for curing.
! his Is Effected hy spreadin. the beans
IN thin layer exposed to the sun
which, IN short time, absorbs al the
water, leaving the cofTre Fl for housing
Milling : the next process Here the
berries are placed in a wooden trough
aud the parchment and silver skins
d slodgrd hy the friction of large
role; The coffee is then passed
through ftnner or winuowing
machine, whence it emergcs perfectly
clean Sizing and hand picking follow;
and lastly, the produce is packed and
forwarded to the markets.
CONSUMPTION OF THE VARIOUS KINDS
OF COFFEE
In the United States, Brazilian
coffee is consumed in the greatest
quantities, nearly 500, 100000 pounds
beiug used in the year 1871. The
Java berry is next in popularity, find
ing its principle market in this country
and in Holland This variety of coffee
improves by age Ola Government
Java owes its tlne flavor to the evapo-
ration of the coffee acid, which is the
principle that imparts that harsh, bitter,
and astringent taste which cannot be
disguised Coffee Is also exported to
this country from Marcaiho, La
Guayra, Ceylon. San Domingo and
other West India islands, Central
America and Mexico.
METHODS OF MAKING COFFEE.
The roasting of coffee in the best
manner requires great nicely, since
much oil the quality of the beverage
depends upon the operation. 1t is
usually roasted in a hollow cylinder
made of perforated sheet iron, winch is
kept turning over brisk FIRE. When
the coffee has assamed deep cinnamon
color and an oily appearance, and the
peculiar fragrace is perceived to be
be sufficiently strong, 1t should be
taken from the fire, well shaken and
permitted to cool. Not more than
half o pound at once should be roasted
for domestic use. and the cylinder
should never be above one third filled
This operation aud the subsequent
grinding of the beans should be per-
formed just b, fore the coffee is needed
for use. The French. who are calebra-
ted for their coffee making, use various
kinds in combination, such as Jav'
Mochs, Rio and Maracaibo. These
coffees are so delicately and in such
due proportions mixed as to rroduc, a
bouquet of aromantic favors. With
respect to quantity at least one ounce