The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-06-30
Farm. Garden and Household.


for some time among butter.makers as
10 whether the most butter can be made
by deep or by shallow setting Of the
milk. We have tho result Of several
experiments, and someoi them so loose.
" made MS to be nearly worthless ns
evidence in favor OF either system, We
suppose that all butter.makers must be
glad to get light on this question, and
We therefore print the following state
ment made by Hon. F. D. Douglass, of
Whiting, in recent address before the
Vermont Board Of Agriculture. From
Mr.. DOuglass's reputation as butter
maker mud careful experimenter, his
statements arc OF more than ordinary
interest.
He says: You will doubtless ask
whether as much butter can be obtained
from deep rs from shallow setting? l
answer emphatically-Yes, where the
right temperature ismaintained, What
ever doubt may arise in the minds OF
any upon this subject, with regard to
results when the weather il cool and
most favorable for the success Of shal.
low setting, there can be no doubt with
regard to this point for the entire sea.
son, aud most ceatainly not during warm
weather. l have experimental upon
this subject, not 10 much to satisfy the
public with regard to it ms myself, and
consequently some Of my experiments
have not been conducted with that nice
accuracy of detail, and the results no
carefully recorded, MS they would have
been had they been designed for the
public eye. / will, however, give you
the details Of one OF these experiments
which was the most carefully conducted,
that you may understand upon what
grounds l base my conclusions in this
matter, and if yon discover defects in
any Of the conditions upon which this
experiment was conducted, l trust you
will freely point them out.
On the 18th day of June, 1871, l di-
yided the days milk of my entire dairy,
then consisting of twenty-five COWS, into
two equal parts. The amount given by
each COW was weighed and accurately
divided by weight Immediately after
being drawn from the COW. One.hali
was strained into common pans, which
were filled about two-thirds full, and
placed upon shelves in the milk room,
The other half was placed in pals to the
depth OF about eleven md one.hnll
inches These were set in watts Of water
in the same room, and the temperature
reduced to 60 degrees, which was the
same as the mir in the room at TINT time.
They were allowed to stand until the
milk i'll each had become thoroughly
lopperCd, and it was evident TINT no
more cream would rise. The milk in
the pans reached that point and was
skinned in forty.eight hours; that in
the pals stood twelve hours longer
The range OF the thermometer in the
room was from 90 degrees to 69 degrees
until the last II hours, when II rose TO
6S degrees. The thermometer indicated
the same range of temperature in the
milk in the pals rs in the mir, except
that it did not rise so high by two or
three degrees during the last l2 hours,
The rise spoken Of could not have NJ.
fected the result, as the pans had already
been skinned, and the cream had
doubtless all risen in the pails.
The weight of cream produced from
the pms was 2si pounds; from the
pals 33t pounds. This was all churned
June ", each at the same temperature.
GO degrees, and in the same churn.
Each was washed in precisely the same
manner, and taken from the churn into
the same butter bowl and carefully
weighed. The scales used were Howe's
platform scales, nearly new mud in good
order, but would not indicate differ.
ence OF less than one.fourthof pound,
and by them there was no difference in.
dicatedin the weightof the two patches,
each weighing twelve pounds before
tue salt was added. The difference in
the weight Of the cream is easily &C.
counted for, there having been m
evaporation from the pans amounting
to five pounds in weight more than from
the pals, caused by the greater extent
OF surface exposed.
It will be seen that this experiment
was conducted under most favorable
circumstances for the success of the
shallow setting. The result will be
different whenever the temperature OF
the room rises much above or falls be.
low GO degrees, aud is relied on to TEN.
per the milk in the pms, while the
milk in the pals is tempered rightly by
artificial means. It will be readily seen
that the amount produced by the pulls
will be greater than that from the pans
Just IN proportion Rs the degree OF heat
or cold in the room rises above or falls
below q right mean. It is upon this
and other like experiments, with the
general fact of the increased production
OF my dairy cows since its adoption
deep setting), TINT l base my con.
illusions in this matter.
The advocates OF deep setting, 40 far
as We are informed, have never claimed
that more butter could be be made
. from deep setting than by shallow set.
ting, when both samples Of milk are
kept at the same range OF temperature
but tie advocates Of shallow setting
claim that that plan will produce more
butter than the other. This expert.
ment OF DR.. Douglass seems to be fairly
made, and il, rs lie says, his other ex.
periments point in the same direction,
he has good and sufficient reasons for
his conclusions, since, by the deep set.
ting. a more even temperature is main.
tanned than in tho open air, while the
labor involved ia less with the deep
than with the shallow settings.
a Varied Diet for Fowls.
There are no animals more omnivo.
rous than fowls; fish, flesh, herbs aud
grains being deyoured by them with
equal relish. We say equal, for though
they commonly pounce upon meat with