The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-01-23

ly recommend speedy change in our existing
agricultural lien laws.
We are now working chiefly on the share
system in the raising OF crops This is known
as the Italian plan of "cropping," and it has
kept the agricultural laborers of Italy poor for
in making that country the symbol of a retro
grade civilization.
This mode of working lands breeds discon-
tent among both employers and laborers, tends
to frauds upon both, and multipies litigation,
while under it the laborer receives but little, II
any, surplus from his labor.
We should foster the English or "tenantry"
system, which consists in the owner of the
land renting his land, annually, or for longer
period, at a stipulated yearly rental. At pres
ent, this manifestly good system is not encour-
aged among us, as we have no statute making
the rent for the land lien upon any part of
the tenants crop. The land-holders are af-
forded good reason on which, in most instan-
ces, they refuse to rent their land to those who
have nothing but their labor to depend upon.
The lien law only secures those who advance
supplies to carry on and make the crop, and
these advances may cover the entire product OF
the land. This too should be corrected. The
laborer or tenant and his family should be
guarded against his own improvidence by stat
utory enactment, limiting the proportion of the
crop that the lien for farm supplies shall cover.
/, therefore, trust that, before the close of
your present session, lien law will be passed
providing that the charge for the rental of the
land, pursuant to the terms of the lease, shall
constitute preferred lien upon the crops raised
thereon, during the continuance of such lease:
Provided, That the lien for the yearly rent
shall not cover more than One-fourth OF the an
nual crops.
The lien for supplies advanced to carry on
the farm should be restricted to one-half of the
entire crop on which such advances are made
ASYLUM FOR THE DEAF, DUMB AND BLIND.
I forward herewith the twenty-fourth annual
report of the superintendent of the above
named institution.
The number of deaf, dumb and blind inmates
at the date of the superintendent's report, De-
cember 16, 1872, was forty-two. The number
admitted during the fiscal year ending October
81, 1872, was forty-one.
The report furnishes the welcome intelligence
that the pupils have made commendable prog
ress in their very extended course of studies,
and that no death has occurred among them
during the past year.
! The institution is we'll designed in all its
parts to effect its humane object 1t is located
at Cedar Springs, healthy point, surrounded
by agreeable scenery, in the vicinity of Spar
tanburg Court House.
1t was founded through the philanthropy of
n benevolent citizen of the State in January,
, 1S49. The department for the blind, however,
was not established until April, 1856. In 1857
the institution was transferred to the State, and
additional buildings were erected.
The Hon. J. K Jillson, Superintendent OF
Education and Secretary of the Board of Com
missioners, unites with the Superintendent OF
this Asylum in asking an appropriation of ff-
teen thousand dollars for the present year. l
, cordially concur in this recommendation. That
amount, at least, is required to meet the exist
ing needs of the institution. Its prime object
is to enable its inmates and pupils to become
self-supporting by furnishing them intellectual
training, and thus assist the victims of an awful
natural calamity to acquire skill in the mechan-
ical arts.
10 effect that object requires costly class Of
text books, specially adapted to the instruction
of those who can neither speak nor hear, and
| to those who are totally deprived of sight
This class of text book is very expensive a
Bible for the blind costing from twenty up to
, forty dollars. Musical instruments and
t peculiar school apparatus are also necessary,
/, and workshops are requisite, in which the lead
ing trades may be taught
1t is a noble charity, and should be literally
maintained.
, The subjects of this mysterious and fearful
visitation of Providence will always continue
to bear certain proportion in number to the
, population of the State. That proportion ap-
pears to be regulated by law of nature in all
, civilized countries, and can, by close obser-
! vation, be accurately determined.
f The white race, it has been ascertained, is
far more liable to deafness, dumbness and
blindness than is the black-the average being
one deaf mute to about six thousand in the
colored race, whereas there is one to about
every two thousand in the white. The average
, of the blind among the two races in this State
, is shown by the United States census of 1850
and 1860 to be, in the white, one in one thou
sand seven hundred and sxty-one, while among
the colored inhabitants the proportion of blind
is one in three thousand three hundred and
fifty-three. The number of blind in the State
in 1860 was III.
The first attempt recorded in history to in
struct the deaf and dumb was made in Spain,
about the year 1900, with marked success by
Pedro Ponce, Benedctine Monk, who sue
ceeded in educating several deaf mutcs among
the nobility.
This beautiful and benefcent art was greatly
improved and made more easy and efficient by
the good Abbc de Epee, who established Il
school for deaf mutes in Paris, France, where
he taught them with surprising skill and sue
cess about the year 1855. Teachers trained by
him founded schools throughout Europe.
The system of teaching the deaf and dumb
by manual alphabet, making signs with the
hands expressive of letters, was first introduced
into the United States in 1916, by the justly
celebrated man, Thomas Gallaudet, who found
ed the famous "American Asylum for the Deaf
and Dumb" at Hartford Connecticut in the
year lS17-the first institution Of the kind es-
tablished in America.
All the New England States send their bene-
ficaries of this class to the present Asylum at
Hartford. New Jersey sends hers to New York
and Philadelphia, and Maryland and Delaware
send theirs to Philadelphia or to the National
Asylum at Washington, which has been muni-
ficently endowed By Congress. and is under the