davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20

A LEX A NDR A MUSICAL DEPOT.
V. BECKER, 1d9 King street.
PIANOS and PARLOR ORGANS, new and
second hand at all prices and to suit the times.
Agent for WIN. kNABE s. cos. UNRI-
VAILED PIANOS, at factory prices. Sold
on reasonable terms.
SHEET MUSIC
ANY piece of Music published in the United
States will be furnished.
A general assortment Of Musical Gooda, viz !:
Over 80 Accordeons, of all kinds and prices.
Over rs Violins, from $l.75 to $40.
Fine Guitars, from So. IS to $50, including TIL
tom 8 Patent.
One dozen Banjos, from 50. SO to SIG.
Violincellos, Bows, Flies, Flutes, Harmonicas,
Jewsharps &c.
Instruction Books for every instrument.
SPECIALTY.-Ii import direct from France
the best and cheapest VIOLIN and GUITAR
STRINGS heretofore offered here, at Wholesale
and retail, including Genuine Italian, French
and German.
{ Pianos, Organs and all kinds of Musical
Instruments tuned, repaired or packed, in which
business have had an experience of over ~
years. Pisnos in the country attended to. [mh27
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20

For sale by JAS. F. CARLIN s. SONS,
ap19 G3 King ST., Aiexs., Va
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
Late O., A. IL nj. L. r.


OcU DlLE D-tllII j hAlNS.
On and after SUNDAY, May 25 ls7&. :.
| daily passenger trails will run between WASH
lNGTON and L YNCHB = RG. c0ectin; du.b
and NEW ORLEANS. 1T Gordonsvill,, ., ~.
neotion is made with the Chcsaruakc
Ohio Railroad twice daily, Sunday cxrry.
cd, to- Richmond, jStAunton and the WEST. 5
Lyuchburg, with Atlantic, Mississippi an1 a
| Railroad, for the Wesl and Southwe.i, AZ ,
Washington, for the NORTH and Nortl wcs
| Leave Washington daily at 7.Ws. Il. Az =.
y. ~, and Alexandria at 7.a0a. II. ard 80 p:..
striving ut Lynchburg Mt d. Goa. NJ. and - T..
Leave Lynchburg at S. 40 AN. ard lG45 rn
arrive al Alexandria at 4. 10 a. III ana so .u
and at Washington at 10 u. III. ard ga, +! >,
For MANASSAS DIVISION leave nsnln:: .
daily Excepting Sunday with mAiA line ,:.,.
ut TOO 3. m, and AlexandriA al $50 r. I.
Leave Manassas junction vt go a. r..
connect at Strasburg for Winchester SUI
all points on Baltimore and Ohio r. H. HI. -.
rive At Harrisonburg at 1856 p. H.; theme, y
Hartman u Cos stage lines to Slauntrh, LA..
ley Springs, &C., Sc.
re-" Eastward, leave Harrisonburg nj 4ijs
m; connect ut Strasburg with train, 10 aHd S"A
Winchester arrive at Manassas st I II =. H..
connecting with northb0und Mail train /" A.A.
au,lris, making the $50 p. III. train from Vast.
ington or Baltimore Phladel pha and New
York.
No train Southwark Sunday night and non.
Northward Saturday night.
Elegant sleeping cars arc run daily betwcct
New York and Lynchburg, and 10y Way e:
Knoxville, Atlanta and M"bilY to New Or"nI>
Through tickets and baggage checked toA.
prominent points.
j. NJ BROADUS,
my 25-tf General Ticket Agt
A LEXANDkIA Il FREDEkICkSEtE RI
IA RAILWAY,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
DIX y g DDDS.

NJ E w g o o d $. -
We call tho attention of our lady patrons to
the goods just received:
A fine line of DRESS GOODS, consisting in
part Of 90,
Alpacss; Japanese Fabrics; Japanese silks;
French Striped Silks; Black Silk bisck Sllk
for lining purposes Linen for Ladies' Suitings,
new shades; Persian Stripes Victoria Lawn,
very now superior French Black Grenadines;
Medium do; Lower do.
Some of these goods are offered for less than
cost to import. .:.l
Linen Drills.
Linen Sheetings, 104 and Id goods.
Linen for Boys.
An unusually pretty assortment Of Calicoes,
Lawns, Cambria and Percalos.
A full line Of Cottons, A, ga, Cd, ga, IVA
and la.
Lace Shawls, real Llama. i.-.#
Lace Sacques, real LLAMA
Silk Parasols, shades.
Silk Umbrellas, do.
respectfully submit our large stockto avery
close inspection.
my3 j. Nd. STEW Ali.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
"a merciful man is merciful to his beast"
THE HUMANE INVENTION OF THE
AGE

"a merciful man is merciful to his beast"
THE HUMANE INVENTION OF THE
l. AGE
McCLuREs sELF.ADJUsT1NG, ANTI
FRICTION BACk-CHAIN AND
TRAVELLER.
Read tho following testimonials to its merits:
Office Society for Prev. Cru to Animals, !
New York, April IL, 1878. !
have seen, and do most unqualifedly APP
provo of Mr. w. b. McClure's Anti-friction
Chain and 1ravellor, for the use of cart horses,
whereby the severe conclusions and continual
calling Incident to the present mode of harness
ing draft animals arc etiectually overcome. This
invention should be speedily in general USE
HENRY BERGII, President.
Alexandria, April 9, 1873.
have boon using for more than four months
the Self adjusting, Anti-frction Back Chain and
Traveller" and take pleasure in testifying that
they are perfect success. The saving in wear
of tho saddle alone is worth more than the cost
Of tho chain, and the saving in labor and suffer-
ing to the horse is lncalculabe.
JOHN LEATHERLAND, Coal Merch't.
For sale by JAS. F. CARLIN s. SONS,
apl9 G3 King ST. Aiexs Va
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
n~OOU .4.TD COdL.

HAVING disposed Of my interest in tho
IL Wood and Coal Yard on King street to
John Losthcrland, l shall continue the Wood
and Coal business at yards on the north and
south corners of Union and Queen sts.. where
will always be on hand full supply cf the best
quality RED and WHITE ASH GOALS Of tho
different sizes; CUMBERLAND COAL by the
cargo, car load or retail
Also HICKORY, OAK and PINE WOOD.
The patronage Of the citisons is respectfully So
licited. All orders left at the office of the Alex
sndria Insurance Co., No. "a KING street, with
COL Marye or at Clarridge s. Grigg's Drug
Store corner King and Royal streets, will be
promptly attended to. Weight guaranteed.
iv 3-tf THOS. }. MEHAFFEY.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
500 Dozen

o.
Fine aud Fashionable STRAW and Fur
Hats,
Bought in New York at bankrupt sale
Will be disposed Of without delay at half reg
ular prices ut
I. SCHWARTZ s. CO.'S.
.... Saropta Clothing Hall,
ie1O 50 King street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
RNILK INNS.
WASHINGTON g. OHIO RAu,Po,n

KNH@E9ES1Z aStaf55EEs9srT
4 - SUMMER ARRANGEMENT
Begin ming April 18th, 1873. TWO TPArv,
DAILY, except Sunday, between Allow. ~
andria and Hamilton.
Leave Alexandria at S.45 a. m. and 415,
pass Leesburg (going Westward at II = NJ p IL.
rs p. M; arrive at Hamilton at II 40 IN Nj,
& 40 p. m. 49, "''I
Leave Hamilton at S DO a. m. and 19N
pass Leesburg (going Esstward), tt ~ = ~ 49,;
1856 p. M, and arrive at Aleam ct 3 At Sr ~
NJ. and 3. Is p. m. '''A
Passengers by the 5.40a, air rom H..
n ,lson ab 60 through Gone csr W, ngton w.t..
the w. u y. car at BatimoresnI pnt1,n ,. '"h.
pot at 4n p H.. going thro 81 Ham; ", q,
without change of cars %
The 8. As q. In. train from Aleyandri, .,5,.
p. no. train from Hamilton conncc, vt Hs,n; !; ~ y
with Kemp's Daily Line IF Coaches for Pm.".f
Vile Snickersville, Berryyillc and Wincbn.,...
also with Rearner's Line of Coaches. Which rsy,
Leesburg daily for Aldie and Middrburp
communication tickets, 3 cts. uer mill
Animal tickets, $50.
r. IL. UAVENER,
my Z4-tf General Ticket a "a.
q" ASH. CITY, VA. MIDLAND GREAr
w SOUTHERN L. Z.
isW So 10 W EE ssgs=z.1 sse5asszE Hss:agss
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-06-20
ET# HM 49, sa

ALEXANDRIA AND FREDERICKSBURG" RAlL"N
After 1000 D. m. SUNDAY, April Is Is
trains will run rs follows:
Leave South ward from Alexandria Fr"dr'
icksburg depot nj S.O7 n. ~, Mcr"nln'""t'"'
daily, except Sundays ll.T p; N. s"uthrr: r. +
press daily, except Sunday. The S"ulhrrh r.
press ri IL 2G y. m. runs through t" R'chmtD.
without change, connecting wIth trains '"' 1"
points South.
Lcayo Nurthward fron, Alexandria& Er''f
icksburg depot al 3. Is u. III. Northern fAFr'
daily, except Monday; 600 y. N. ~rc"mmo'.
ton daily, except Sunday, CONNECTS !hro.t-
North and West The Northern EAIt~
leaving 1T 3.15 a. III. runs through to ID"
timure, without change, connecting with irt,i'
on the Northern Central hallway for the Ahu
and West.
ALEXANDRIA AID WASHINGTON RAME"h'
After SUNDAY, April 18th, trains ".d rus
rs follows, daily, except Sunday:
Leave Alcxnndril for Washington, r. " :
Asnph street depot, al 5.'iS GtH 80, ~ ~.
1858 and II .5e ~. M, and 1908, lbs, 2t' -
453, 65S and 1853 p. M.
Leave Washington for Alexandr" from -
senger depot, cor. 9th and b streets, Al -
7.O3, 7.5S, S53, 959, 1853 aud 1l.5l u. ID, >"
1888 l.53, 2 IS. 3.43, l.5S, 6.3a and rs !. o"
Es- Alexandria and Fredericksburg bar!
trains leave passenger depot, cor. Ctr and So
ut 7. 33 a. nj. Qusntico accom- n. and lo55 T. y.
Southern Express for Richmond and 81 r"'af
South EDM UND l.. DUBARRl,
Superintrad"E-
ED. S. YOUNG,
General Passenger Agent. ~ wv
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
Blow Your Own TrUm-


IF you don't, who will? Though
wind is plenty and labor cheap, no man
need expect to have his trumpet blown
for nothing.
1t is an old adage, that no man
should blow his own trumpet, because
10 is not modest But we long since
learned that a very large share Of these
old adages (daddy.ges) should be re-
vcrsed, aud the morality they were in
tended to inculcate, be set running in a
counter direction.
While we would advise no one to be
boisterous, obstreperous, or immodest,
we would certainly advise all to culti-
vate self-respect, self.reliance, courage
and perseverance. We have no respect
for that modesty, whether genuine or
assumed, that would hide from observa-
ton, criticism or praise, the labor and
ingenuity of ones hands, or the produc-
tious of his brain. This is not the part
of the courageous, or even the bold, and
it would scarcely be creditable to the
timd.
We believe IL advertising, not only
business. but talent Set your wares
in public places; advertise your busi'
ness before the world-tell the people
what you are doing, and, in short, blow
your own trumpet. But, use some dis
erection; do not blow it loud and long at
funeral-no, not by any means, but
blow it at proper time, at a proper
place, aud in a proper manner.
Yes, w believe in practicing the
doctrine we preach. Hence we will
send the JOURNAL twelve weeks free,
to auy person who will take the trouble
to send his or her name to this office,
requesting us so TO do. And, more
than this, to any person who viii send
US the names of twenty persons who
would like TO take the JOURNAL twelve
weeks on trial, we will send receipt
for one copy of the semi weekly edition,
one year.
Send IN the names, aud we will send
the JOURNAL.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
The Lovers.
the JouRSAr

This is the way Barry Gray chats
about Frank aud Jennie, who are sup
posed to be in love:
but let us look at our lovers. Moth.
ing can be pleasanter, unless you can
he an old bachelor, then taking note Of
couple Of lovers. Observe how atten-
tive each is to the other. How they
anticipated each others wants, and the
care they evince for each others health
and welfare. They are very confidential
together; aud have long talks, where
in their yocies sound like the distant
humming Of bees, 50 low and coutinu.
Gus are their utterance.
/ have discovered that those confabs
arc not always Of importance though
conducted with such an air of secrecy,
for Frank may only be telling Jennie
the best way Of lacing boot, and she
may be advising him OF the mysterious
combination of plum porridge. They
talk to the point often times, | imag-
ihe, when surrounded by others they
cast glances at each other across the
room. Neither utters a word, but |
know their looks convey a great deal
They express almost an affinity of afiec-
ton, when they shake hands at part
ing in the evening. IL takes them
long time to accomplish this little duJy,
and when Frank manages to get Jennie
into the hall to help him on with his
oyercoat, the time they consume in bid
ding good night should not be sur
prised if he kissed her on these occa-
sions-is something almost marve Gus.
What they can possibly have to. say
after talking together all the evening,
passes my comprehension. | think
they must repeat over again all that they
have been saying during the entire
evening, and all too, that everybody
else has said. II sometimes makes me
quite nervous, seated in the library, To
hear the confused murmur of their
voices, ceasing now and then, however,
for a moment--and those are the times.
| take it that Frank kisses her and
then going on with renewed yigor.
Not until | make a move as i'll we've
going to open the door, aud upset a
chair or two, does Frank take his de-
parture aud then Jennie glides quietly
up to her room TO listen to the sound
Of tho footlails Of Franks horse as be
gallops down the road
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21

Philosopher, and the charity of the
Christian.
AS man, LULE TAYLOR was loved
most by those who knew him best, He
was kind, charitable, generous to a
fault" He had no unworthy ambi.
tons or shallow friendships. His no.
bility of nature won love- as his genius
did respect. No man within the range
of our acquaintance had more devoted
personal friends. All who have ever
known him well, will mourn his death
as that of a near friend, and pay to his
memory that dearest Of all tributes, a
heartfelt blessing.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
From the Eau claire Free Press |

''''N' N1N'1EN = " = w ]
Perhaps no newspaper man 10 the
western country had acquired a great
er celebrity as a writer Of decided lit.
erary taste and ability than he
As IA companion he had few equals,
and no matter where he was, on rail.
way car, boat, or at hotel, by bis
flashes of wit, his humorous stories, Of
which he seemed to have an unfailing
stock, there would he gather the crowd
about him.
lie was a kind, genial gentleman,
and thousands of people who have met
him will send up sigh of regret at the
death of Lutte A. Tay or.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
Tributes to the Memory
of Lutte A. ,EayloI..

Below we give extracts from some of
the obituary notices of Lutte A. Taylor,
that have been published by the papers
in this State and Minnesota.
From the Milwaukee News
THE DEATH OF Lutte A. TAYLOR.
Those who saw him every day did
not appreciate the finer and more ethere.
al attributes Of his nature. His com.
mon garb was composed of the usual
clay which surrounds us all. But his
soul, his intellect, the immaterial and
better part Of him, was the stuff of
which immortals are made. He had
an insight into men, aud circumstances,
and their surroundings that was clair.
voyant He saw through and through
everybody whom he met. He knew,
also, as well, the minds of those whose
only being is felt in books. lie had a
sympathetic soul-a magnetism Of his
own, which endowed him to know men
and women through their writings as
we'll as through their lives. He pos.
sessed most precious gifts-those that
are given to but few who walk the
earth.
With his great gifts there was some.
thing lacking in the executive of his
mind, or in the imperial will, which led
him to life OF comparative Obscurity,
and to the hard walks of poverty, in
stead Ct the open and upward path to
fortune and eminence, which many far
weaker and meaner men have nobIy
trod. Had his successes been equal to
his deservings. few prouder names
would have graced the literature and
the public life of the country.
These words of eulogy will not be
deemed extrayagant by those who knew
Lutte A. Taylor we'll.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
Taken Up.

Came into the enclosure Of the subserib
err, living on Section %, Township 2s,
Range 20, being in the town Of Glenmoni,
about November 9Th, one white hull with
some red about the head, and one red heif-
err with some marks OF white. Both are
supposed TO be one year old. The owner is
requested to prove property, pay charges
aud take them q way.
J. PICARD.
River Falls, Nov 18th, 1873. 23-4n
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
[From lhe MiIwaukee WISCONSIN,

Though vigorous political writer.
his abilities appeared to best aivan-
tage when treating subjects Of hu-
morous or sen mental characterize
use the latter term in its best sense.
In conversation he was entertaining,
often exhibiting rare humor and wit in
repartee. lie had fine literary taste,
and with more industry would have
gained great distinction as contributor
to, or editor Of a literary paper or mo G.
aZlne.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
TFrom the winona Herald ]

II was our honor to know him; il
was our pleasure to love him. lie has
been stricken down by the hand Of
Death-which levels all mankind to
the Dustin the hey day and prime Of
life Anything we may attempt to
say in eulogy Of the departed, would be
only slight token Of respect TO the
memory Of the klndliest hearted man
with whom it has ever been our pleas
ure TO meet.
As a friend he was generous, noble,
sympathetic, self-sacriiiciDg, constant
and true lie was poet aud philos
opher. As an editor ola newspaper,
literary, local, or political he had no
superior in western journalism, If any
equal. Although opposed to the prin-
cipes as epunciated by the Democratic
party he was ever an honorable foe.
Aud, htterly, he had become more con
servAtive ia his political predictions,
ignoring the idea that political party
is always right because it may be in the
majority or in the minority.
Lutte Taylor was thinker. lie
though for himself lie acted for him
self lie accepted no mans opinion
upon any political question as an ire.
vocable fact, without reflection or inves
tigation.
A a genial companion, as an able
editor, as spublic lecturer
and popular humorist, Lutte a. Taylor,
was known in almost every town in Wis
consin and Minnesota. lie is dead now
We are only TO know him by the words
he has spoken aud the deeds he has
done. Faults he had lie was human.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
From The Milwaukee Sentinel

from the milwaukee sentinel
lie was best and chiefly known to
the people Of Wisconsin as a fluent aud
agreeable writer, and as a genial aud
compsniouable gentleman, whose ready
wit and pleasant humor made him the
center Of every circle that he entered
and the friend of every man he met
A'poet by nature and sympathy, although
he neycr wrote verses; philosopher
who always looked upon the bright side
of human nature; a humorist whose
sarcasm was never directed against his
friends and man Of real genius with.
out egotism, death has fallen upon
him Ike an untimely frost, but he has
left no enemies behind HIM.
We lay the cypress on his vacant chair,
And torn TO our work with sdent prayer,
That each may be as faithful, true and
good,
As he whose absence mars our brother
hood.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
From the Polk Co. Press. |

Lutte A. Taylor occupied promi.
nent position in the ranks of the edi.
torial fraternity, having been editor of
the River Falls Journal, Prescott
Journal, aud La Crosse Leader. A
bright light has gone out, and one who
will be sadly missed in the literary
world has passed away.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
J. s. Rounce,

At bis mill on the Trimbelle River, Il
prepared to she'll cern, grind the same in
TO meal for family use, or for feed. Also,
manufactures Graham Meal from wheat.
&c. Sc. El7nIs
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
For RnIe.

A tne votswold buck, weighing 200 lbs,
wool nine inches long. Also three year
old mare colt, weighing over 1000 lbs,
dark bay color
q. u, MuLIH.
Prescott, VIE, Nov. 7. Tiff
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21

Again the American Nation is arous.
ed; every heart is kiudled with iudig.
alton at the outrages Of the Cubans.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
TAKEN UP.

Came into the enclosure Of the
subscriber, living on Section 1,
Township 26, Range Is, in the town
of Trimbelle, Pierce Co., Wis, on
or about the LIST day of Nov, one
red helfer with little. white on her
belly, supposed to be two years old.
The owner is requested to prove
property, pay charges and take the
same away.
IL 224 q. w. Bennett.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
From the State Journai.l

He was a man of line literary tastes,
aud best known from his connection
with the La Crosse Lcadcf, which he
helped TO found aud first managed
Though vigorous political writer aud
a humorist, he seemed TO most delight
In selecting gems of sentiment in prose
and poetry IRON different authors, and
in penning reveries and paragraphs as
perfect in their way as pearls. lie look
ed beyond this worldly world to the
far.off lands, where poets reyel, a place
'Of dreams that wave before the half shut
eye,
And Of Coy castles in the clouds that pass,
Forever flushing round a summer sky"
lie was very entertaining In CONVEX.
sationy noted fol his humOt, aud imped-
im9nt in his speech, geaiIlity aud redi
ness Of repartee, reminding one of the
accounts gwen of Charles Lamb.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21
[From the La Crosse Republican s Leader

From the La Crosse Republican s Leader
In his career as an editor he was dis
tinguished by keen wit, bright and
vigorous style, and great range of sub
jects. His fame was justly high, and
his ability was well known and appreei-
ated throughout the Northwest.
Mr.. TayIor's reputation as a man Of
culture stood high, and thousands have
listened with delight to his elegant and
poelical lecture, Margaret Fuller
Ossoll." To it he had devoted the
fruit of years of careful study and &C.
qmrement, aud no praise of ours can
add to the justly high esteem in which
ne was held as an eloquent lecturer.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21

From the La Crosse Liberal Democrat. ]
There is scarcely man in Wiscon-
sin that had class of warmer friends
or more of them than Lutte A, Taylor.
He was a genial warm hearted gentle
man, aud captured all with whom he
came in contact by his sociability, hu.
NOR and genial good nature. The com
munity will sadly miss the jolly, friend.
ly face of one of the best friends any
man ever had.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1873-11-21

No man in Wisconsin will be
mourned by more faithful friends than
Mr.. Taylor. Generous to fault
with a soul filed with noble impulses
a writer of fine ability, he has been
struck down in the prime of manhood.
OF late, to those who knew him best,
and knew how heavily the slavery Of
party bore upon his heart, and how he
longed to throw off its shackles, there
will be mixed with deepest regrets for
his death, feeling of thaukfulness that
a weary prisoner has been released; and
that his soul lightened of its earthly
load, has fled joyfully to meet a jus
God aud a merciful Redeemer.