, 1873-10-26
PSYCHOLOGY OF THE SEXES.
The Mental Differences Be-
tween Men and
Women.
Those Which Exist Naturally, and Thoso
Which Have Grown Out Of Their:
Mutual Rotations. ;,


Tie Distinctive Montnl Traits OF W0Mol
Important Factors In Social
p,o,,o,,,,
o1''N'''
,,, .--
Htrbsrt Spencer in tn. Iop,ar seituts afontkiv 70
Eortmbtr. ',
Women, as vol az men arc unite In sooIoty
and tend by their naturcs to give TINT eooiot,
cartain traits Of structure and action. uonoi
the question, Arc the mental nntures OF men m,
womon tho same7 ia an important ono to til,
eoolologist. If they arc, an increase OF fomi
nine inhuonco Is not likely to Affect the eocis
Typo In q marked manner. If tioy arc not, til,
aocih typo will inevitably DO changed by iucrouH
OF feminine Influence. :
That men aud women arc montally alike,
is Aa UNTRUE .
% that they are allie bodily. Just as certnin]1
rs they hayo physical differences which arc 70.
lated to the respective parts they play In The
maintenance Of tho raco, 30 cartainly hayo they
psychical differences, similarly rolatod to thei,
respective shares In tho rearing and protection
Of offspring. To suppose TINT along with the
unikenesHes Of their parental activities tlorc dc
not go unlikenossoa Of mental faculties, is to
suppose that hero alone in all nature thoro is nc
adjustment Of special powors to spocial fupo.
tons.+
Two classes Of differences exist between tho
psychical, IS botween tho physical, structures oil
mon and women which aro both determined by
this sane fundamental neod-alaptation to the
paternal and rnatornal duties. Tho first eos OF
differences is that which xesulta from a aomo-
whnt
EARLIER ARREST or INDIVIDUAL EVOLUTION .
in womon than in men, necosaitatctl by tho roser-
vatlon Of vital power to meet tho cost of repro
duction. Whoroas, in mnn, individual evolution
continues until tho physiological cost Of solf-
maintenance worry noarly balances what nutrition
supplies. In WOMAN an arrogt Of frdfvjdun1 ia.
yolopment takes p]aco vh;1o there Ia vot a co,-
siderable margin ct nutrition othorviao thora
could bo no o1Yspriug. Hence thu fact Tint cirla
como oarlior to mnturitv than bova. Henco ~
tho chief contrasts in bodily form tho n.acr,.
limo figure being listno,iRhod from the fono;n;,,o
by the croator rolat;ve s,zoa of tha narto .r,,o,
carry on externn1 actiona md onru,l nhvao,oa;on1
rost-thc lirbs and thnsn thnracie v;ucoro ,vI;,L
their activity inmediatolv taroa And havoc
too, the physiolocical truth. TINT. thronchout
their lives, hrt aanoo;o,1. d,s;.,s' 49,
ch;ld.baarn1 ,oo r,o,.n! a~r.; us",,.u4, b ~
t;os ~ oor,,e,>, ~. a4o oua.of quaIa-
VI earpon'o aoio foiatavely to their Weights,
snan men 10 showing that tho evolution OF Oh
9rgy ; is h, relatively less as Ho AZ absolutely loss
lion thue nocosa,totad aho1v,o ;tso,t l., sa.,.a.
s.on ,uae noeueal.A.eu showing itaoli IN rather
eaaa.sel sto"sn u tno norVo'museuiar system,
,t 20 that both tho llmba which act and tho brain
two results on the mind. The rnonta, ,n,n;fos1
t,t;oro H. -, o,,,a,.1'.. ~. sat ~ 4aauiios-
naso aou4osAet leH7 VI general power or
.ant1o t.s1 aa a,a.. "eyona y snls thero s por
to!loctual and emotional, Which arc tho 1atoat
Droducts of ,umnn ovol,,t;on tia 7,o,.or -, ~,
-. .s....ts.. y ."o POW, y. III
osAao. Ae"'una'6 VI" tli'at uobt aostFact OF tho
emotions, tho sentiment Of justico,-tho Ronti-
ment which regulates conduct irrespective of
personal attachments and the likes or dislihes
felt for individuals.t
ntse' 'n'S 4u"ntl'atiYe mental oistinchon,
which bocomea incidentally qualitative by telling
most upon the most recent aud moat complex
faculties, there come the qualitative montal
VIZ .ousoaaeu. " sao ,e1A'onS OF mon
Ta, 1ra "a'n 10 'ne'F 'nno'0n anu TO ono anothor'
1hough
which, considered in itg osanntinl naturo ia ,
,ovo -, ~ 1,a1,,an, :, ~ n. oeoIA nAtuto' ,' ~
y. ~ 1o4P1oe'. ~ .ou.nton W 'no EMO, YET
y ls Obviously not identical IN the two: That
sne partlonlar 1of1n OF 1t which responds to in
than in men, cannot be questioned. In man, tho
instinct is not 30 habitualy excited By
nrnl;zoJ rontion ~ III 4"0 ~ luosr gon-
Wenk VIM nro Janendart n,o-, Ill.,, 1otn.lse!y Mapy
esn, n!ouE & WIN tnas more spoelahzed instinct in
women, there 20 special aptitudes for dealing |
with infantilo Hfe,--nn adapted power OF intni.
lion aud fit Adjustment ct behavior. That thero
10 ,orc a ,,,,tnf ,..a:ni;,.l:s 1aeg s4uIo !
ho, .naa;n;ao. ;spsoa,'1a.on Jonod with tho
na",t5, oooGnou. aa;aiinat. ~ uuaonaoloi aud this
~ euItai al'ee4AliAaton, !houGn primarily related
10 tho rearing Of offspring, aifootH In somo de-
gree the conduct at large.
Tho remaining qualitative dBtinntfona no.
tweeu the minds Of mnn ami tron,o1 49, +ha
which hayo grown ont If t1n;r m,,toi
' 9 @ 'Umn ~ Uus ~ ..teil tautua1 Ioioslon
r. we +roca tho ,o,oa;n AZ ~ , wEAkEG.
- Wy trace tno Gohesih OF human character, by
ronsideflhg the conditions OF existence through |
which tho human race passed In early ba1bnrio
times and during civilization wo ehall aoa that
nanto1 tro;+. L. H. I1as;ui.nn5 acquired certain
r. tha comrao ~ tha hueAags Tlth Tue stronger.
~ o liz w'u t,I - @n9 sttuHR!oe Tor existence
a:on6 m!1u tt4oeh, tnoHo trlbe6 survived In
WHICH TUG men TGT0 not OplV nowarf,r1 md