The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-05-10

ton, ana MEMBER OF FORMER enterprise sent out
under the auspices OF the Prussian government TO
discover the North Pole. DR.. Bissels was young
man OF very high reputation as scientist. He
was a graduate OF the famous University OF Hedel-
berg, and was highly endorsed by such men as the
celebrated DR.. Petermann, Of Gotha, the greatest
| living geographer In the world, and Professor
Agassiz He was q nephew OF the renowned as
tronomer, DR.. Bissels, who FIRST determined the
exact distance from the earth OF the star Alpha,
IN the constellation OF the Swan, and several others
OF the Fixed stars. In person he was slightly and
gracefully built; large and intellectual head, with
heavy dark beard; profusi0n OF dark hair,
handsome dark eyes and regularly moulded feat
ures. He was most enthusiastic naturalist, and
July caught the electric enthusiasm OF his Chief
Mr.. WILLIAM MORTON,
| the famous disc0verer OF Kanes open sea- acted
| as second mate. He was with the first Grinne
| expedition, twenty-three years ago, and was thor
oughly conversant with all the mysteries OF Arctic
navigation. Mr.. Morton was the firm friend and
| right hand man Of DR.. Kane, and was eminently
qualified for the duties OF his position. He about
| five feet ten inches high, with a firm, bold, hand
some face, light brown hair, auburn beard, promi-
| nent nose, and q very quiet and modest, but firm
and determined bearing. He hailed from Jersey
City. He discovered the open Polar Sea in 1854,
near the eighty-third parallel. moving northward
the ice barriers in Smiths Sound, Morton and
his party reached an iceess sea, having tempera-
ture OF about forty degrees above zero-eight de-
grees above the freezing point OF fresh and twelve
! degrees above that OF SAT- water. Large waves
dashed on the beach with the swell OF the ocean;
seals were sporting and innumerable water fowls
| feeding in its waters, and II was marked by the
phenomena OF regular tides The discovery OF this
| sea made Morton at once famous all over the world.
THE REST OF THE EXPEDITION.
| The second In command Of the Polars was
Captain Sidney o. Buddington, whose title was
sailing and Ice master, and who had been q whaler
for thirty-one years OF his life; II. q. Tyson as
sistant navigator; hubbard c. Chester, chief mate;
| Emil Schuman, chief engineer, native OF SaxOny;
| A. A. Odell assistant engineer; w. +. Campbell
fireman; John W. Booth, fireman; John Heron,
steward; william Jackson, cook; Nathan J. CONN,
carpenter; Hermon Siem0ns, seaman; Frederick
Anting seaman; J. w. G. Kruger, seaman; Henry
Hobby seaman; Joseph b. Manch sea-
man; G. W. Linguist, seaman; Peter Johnson,
| seaman; william Nedemann, seaman; Frederick
Jamka, seaman; Noah Hayes, seaman; r. w. ID.
| Bryan, astronomer and chaplain; Frederick
Meyer, meteorological, &C.; Joe, Esquimaux, IN
terpreter and general assistant; Hannah, Esqui-
] maux interpreter anu general assistant; Puny,
daughter OF Joe and Hannah; Hans Christian, dog
driver, hunter, &c. wife Of Hans Christian, three
children OF Hans Christian-in all thirtynne souls
PLAN OF THE VOYAGE.
1t was Captain Halls design, after leaving New
York; to go to St. Johns, Newfoundland, staying
there to get few dogs and certain stores for
Arctic navigation, which are more easily obtained
at that port than elsewhere. From thence he to
steer for Disco In Greenland and perhaps touch at
Holstembourg At Disco he was to establish a rem
devious whittier he could resort for supplies II
needed. instead OF coming nearer home. Vessels
could be more heavily ladened up in Baffin's Bay
| and the contiguous waters (they being smooth and
lake like in character) than they could with safety
to meet the heavy swells, the fierce gusts or the
storms Of the Atlantic. Hence, as o storeship, the
United States steamship Congress- followed the
Poars with provisions and all materials necessary,
to be debarked at Disco, the soutnerly rendezvous
OF the expedition. He was to obtain his dogs from
Upernavik, Disco or Tissonack, the most northern
settlement In Greenland, and thereafter at such
points as he might need them. After leaving Dis
co he was to strike boldly across Baiin's Bay into
jones' Sound, in latitude seventy-six, and after
sailing about two hundred miles to strike OF
suddenly to the nOrthward. He was Indifferent
he said about wintering in jones' Sound. having
hopes of getting his vessel int winter quarters II
latitude eighty degrees. 1t was in the month o
April Of last year he calculated to commence
sledging It towards the Pole, which he was SO CON
ndent OF reaching. He also reckoned that II Files
III
continued upward to the Pole, he would have nc
difficulty in reaching 1t within one hundred days
Had ne found the land and ice terminate In an
open Polar sea, he was prepared by means of boats
to complete the trip. He INDUCED the hope OF an.
chorng the P0laris right over the North Pole ITSELF
Captain Hall was an adept In sedge travelling.
He travelled In his time over ten thousand miles
in sledges and considered himself acquainted with
all the minutia Of such o manner OF locomo-
ton. He intended to essay the irksome
task OF training his men to adopt the
customs Of the native EsQuimaux In their
food and dress. He hoped to bring his fol-
lowers to an appreciation OF the uncooked flesh OF
the whale, the walrus and the seal. BY using this
food they were supposed to be able to stand with
IMMUNITY the dreadful cold OF the Arctic Circle.
The dress Captain Hall approved was deerskin
sack jumper, with fur hood deerskin breeches, deer
and elder skin stockings, one over the other and
Covered with stout m0ccasns OF deerskin and high
lcggtngs. With these precautions 1t was supposed
the men could defy any degree OF cold.
DEPARTURE OF THE poLARIs FROM NEW YORK
HARBOR.
Thursday evening" June %, 1871, the Polaris
steamed out from the Brooklyn Navy Yard amid
the cheers Of crowd Of assembled spectators AS
she disappeared round the curve In the river a
wreath OF blue smoke arose from the bulwarks and
the report OF o small cannon answered back the
last goodby. Three OF the crew, named Charles
Brandt, John Wilson and william Jessops, had de-
serted the vessel the day before; but these men
were replaced by Mr.. J. Morrison, of 1o9 South
street. who acted as special agent for Captain
Halps Polar Expedition.
ARRIVAL AT ST. JOHNS, NEWFOUNDLAND.
On the arrival OF the Poaris at St. Johns New
foundland on the 18th OF July, Captain Hail and
the entire star connected with the expedition
were received by the Governor, Secretary and
several prominent members Of the Legislature.
Every courtesy was extended to the distinguished
visitors. They were banqueted at the Governors
mansion, and, in company with several citizens,
enjoyed days trout fishing. On the departure OF
the Polarts her gallant company received hearty
| frnr no Nawf