davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
Mushrooms in. Eastures.

A correspondent of Land and Wa6er
writes: Believing it possible to grow
mushrooms in pastures. 81 last Tear
made some experimental, Which + tS;ni
were successful. The course Of lea
sonlng which led to them is too long to
detail now, but the 'lodus 042eraesds was
Is follows: Wishing to plaaA6i 1 pasture
Held near my house, I p1qrseded thas:
1 broke up mushroom spawn into
pieces from the size of, q albert to that
OF small walnut, and set d small bow
to spawn the droppings~ of the cows
and horses by making a hole with
potato dipper or small crowbar (called
here fold-pitcher) through the drop
pings, and about one.and. a half inches
into the mould beneath. 49,
"A piece OF spawn was dropped into
TINS, and a vigorous stamp with the
heel OF. the heavy boot completed the
process. fused less than halfa bushel
OF spawn, and was, as I believe, LARGELY
repaid for my trouble and expense in
mushrooms during the natural season.
began the same process again vester
day, and hope to have more convincing
proofs of the success of nv plans this
year, think q crop may even be se.
cured after May, but / should not
expect that spawning could be carried
on With much expectation of results
after the middle of July. If my exper-
lment be made public I am in honea
that more exact operators than mvself
Will work out the idea till q CROP of
tine mushrooms may become as certain
as turnips.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
The Portraits on Stamps.

The portrait of Benjamin Franklin
on the one-cent stamp, in imperial
ultramarine blue, il after profile bust
BY Rubricht. The head of Andrew
Jackson on the two-cent stamp. in
velvet brown. is from bust by Hiram
Powers. The Washington head on the
green three+oent stamp is after Hou+
don's celebrated bust. The Lincoln
profile, in red, on the six-oent stamp,
is after; q bust by Volk. The seven.
cent stamp in ver,nilion, gives the
head Of Stanton, after photograph.
The head of Jefferson, on the ten
cent stamp in chocolate, is drawn from
. lfe-size statue by Hiram Powers,
The portrait of Henry Clay, in neutral
purple, on the twelve-cent stamp, is
after a bust by Hart. The head of
Webster on the fifteen.cent stamp, in
orange, is after the Clevirger bust.
The portrait Of General Scott on tho
twenty -four cent stamp, in purple, il
after 9 bust by Coffee. The head of
Hamilton on the thirty cent stamp, in
black, is after the Cerrachi bust, and
portrait of Commodore Oliver Hazard
Perry, in carmine, ii after Wolcott's
D6tStUe. -, s,r.,s t.. ....r
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
Mango in HOrses.
The following is safe and most

The following is q safe and most
fective remedy:
Whale (sperm) oil, six ounces oil of
tor, three ounces; slac sulphur. two
ounces-mix thoroughly and applv nv
means of hair brush. The skin sh0uld
be thoroughly washed before the
remedy is applied. At the end of the
second or third day the animal is
again to be washed and the remedy re-
applied, as it is very possible that all
the ora (of the mango i1sect) are not
killed by the first dressing. Mango
being contagious disease, It il cssen.
tlal that all animals suffering from It
should be isolated, and all objects with
which they may have come in contact
purified. The clothingis to be boiled in
q solution of soap and carbolic acid, and
the harness, saddle, grooming utensils
washed with warm water and SOAP. and
dressed with solution of arsenic or
corrosive sublimote, in the proportion
OF ten grains to the ounce of water.
After being so washed and dressed
they are to be kept for several DAYS
exposed to dry air, washed again with
soap and water before they. are used,
and before they are again put on the
horse they should be sprinklcd on the
side next to the horses skin with sui
phnr. These may seem useless pre-
cautions, but in many cases the harness
and clothing are lined with thick scabs
containing the ova of the parasites, the
vitality Of which is SO great as to al
most defy all efforts to destroy it.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
Female Slavery in India.

The Times of India notices system
still gong on in some parts OF the
East, and to which attention has before
been directed, but not very prominent
y. It appears that in the neiehbor-
hood, especially of Sylhet, where
Polygamy prevails, it is no uncommon
thing for man to give up one of his
wives to a rich man to work for life as
his slave. AZ another time O debtor
to satisfy q decree obtained against
him, surrenders his daughter (who NAV
be young woman or little girl) or
his sister to the creditor for a short
time, which arrangement, however.
continues in force like the permanent
settlement act. Sometimes it happens
that q vicious woman, to preserve her
standing ia society, makes present of
her natural daughter to the powerful
headman of the community; at other
times men of property send messengers
to poor men greedy of money, and
bring their daughters under their iu-
huence by Offering them small sum
and promising to marry them. The
purchase and sale of slaves in the ordi-
nary way has no. altogether disap-
Deared
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04

STEALING Heavens L1vERY.-The
great Atcohotless Remedy, VINEGAR
B1rrERs, is everywhere driving pestif
erous rum potions out of the market.
That famous combination of the finest
medicinal herbs on the continent of
America, is accomplishing such cures
of diseases which. affect the stomachy
the liver, the bowels, the kidneys, and
the nervous system, that the grateful
masses have adopted it as their:
;Sta"eaard Specific. The various rum
bltters have gone down before this
pure vegetable antilote like tenpins
before q we'll aimed ball. Tho people
have ut length discovered that all the
apirituous excitants are worse than
shams-that both morally and medi-
cinally they are sinimical to the we'll
being and safety Of the community. Il
'oonv DO The handwriting is on The
wall They are weighed and found
wanting. Rum remedies are defunct,
and VINEGAR B1rTRBs, THE UNIVERSAL
ANTIDoTE. reigns In their stead, Com.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
Do Net Sing that Song Again.
Written ON hearing . pathetic ballad sung, !
BY HUGH r, N'DERMOTT.

Do not sing that song again,
For it fills my heart with pain;
1 am bending to the blast.
And 1t tells me OF tho past
Or the long, long ago,
when my days were young and fair,
And my heart AZ light as air;
When ono feeling filed tho breast,
And ono image gave It rest,
In tho long, long ago,
Do not sing that song again:
have lived my years in vain.
And my hair is thin and gray,
And M passing fast away:
IN the dark and downward streams
I'm = wreck of idle dreams
And 1t outs mo on tho rack
At tho weary looking back
At the cob and Mt the flow,
In the long, long ago.
Do not sing that song again;
There's tear III its refrain
1t brings sadly back tho timo
When my manhood felt its prime;
, Warmer, closer, fondcr grew
In tho hour OF friendships proof,
When the false ones stood alOof,
And their friendship was but show,
In the long, long ago,
Do not sing that song again;
It distracts my weary brain.
All, too well, alasi know
It is time for INC. to 20,
And to leave to younger eyes 49,
Tho mild mystery OF the skies,
And this mighty world wo tread,
And tho grantler age ahead.
There's mist upon; The river.
And there's bleahness on tho shore
And in dreams pans forever,
While sad music watts me Der.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
PEERLESS CLOTHES WR1NarR.
FRANK M1LLEk's Harness Oil is the beet.
Naturc's Appeals for Helm.

&APPc1AB 1OE t1Cups
Every indication of debility aud exhaustion IL
mute appeal Of Nature for medicinal aid to .rre.,
the progress Of decay. How are these Silent appeals
OF physical weakness to the resources of tho healing
art usually metz Too often, unfortunately, the
drugs prescribed aggravate the symptoms. Who
ever recommends drastic purgatives, or mineral
sslivants, or poisonous alkaloids, under such cir
oumatances ID IN ally Of tho ailnent aud IN enemy
Of the patient. Whoever, on the contrary, advises
tho broken down and responding sufferer TO resort
to that peerless vegetable invigorant, Hostutteri
Stomach Bitters, for aid and comfort, 10 = true
phi'sath!opiet: 1t y safe to ny that there never
wa IN instance In which such advice was Riyen and
sccepted without the happtest results. From the
very depths Of weakness and despondency. tho,,.
sands have been restored to vg0r health and cheer
fulness by the renova&ing operation Of this whole
some sttmulant and alternative. All ito medicinal
ingredients are remarkable for their sana,ive prop
critics, and in combination form IN absolute SPECIFIC
for indigestion, liver complaint, nervous affections,
rheumatism, Intermittent and remittent fevers,
genesaa and Local wsaknsss, and every species Of
disorder incident TO change Of season or climate.
Tho stimuhdve seuentof this invaluable protective
and restorative IL not IN impure excitant, but the
thoroughly rectided essence Of sound rye, admitted
by all good chemists to be the most healthful Of
exhilarants.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.
B0ts in Horses.

1DUt0 x&OG9C8e
Mr.. A. Keplinger, Indiana, sends us
the following cure for bots in borses:
"Bots in horses may be known by
the animals occasionally snipfping 81
their sides, and also by red pimples
rising on the inner surface of the upper
lip, which may be plainly seen, BY
turning the lip mp. The cure is effect
ed BY taking two quarts new milk, one
quart molasses, and giving the horse
the whole amount. In fifteen minutes
afterwards give two quarts warm sage
tea thirty minutes after give one pint
of curriers' oil. or enough to operate az
physic. The cure will be completes, %
the milk and molasses causes Ike bots
to let 60, the tea Fuckers them up, and
the oil carries them entirely away. One
trial will satisfy anyone perfectly of it's
efficacy. Westeg1l Rural.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
why Glover Improve, the so,,.

why Glover Improves the Soil.
Professor Tockler thus explains the
action of clover increasing the fertility
of soil:
All who are Perfectly acquainted with
the subject must have seen that the
best crops of wheat are preceded bv
crops OF clover grown for seed. I have
come 10 the conclusion that the verv
best preparation, the best manure. in =
good crop of clover. A vast amount Of
mineral manure is brought within
reach Of the corn crop which Otherwise
would remain in locked up condition
in all the soil. The clover plants take
nitrogen from the atmosphere anil
manufacture it into their own sub
stance, which, on decomposition of the
clover, roots and leaves, produces an
abundance of ammonia. In realitv.
the growing of clover is equivalent. to
great extent, to manuriog with Peru
Wan guano.
Take, for instance, red clover. the
best OF all green manures..- The great
English chemist, Prof Way, of the
Royal Agricultural College, sat Ciren-
cester, made a perfect analysis of red
clover, and found every one hundred
parts, to contain, as follows: Silica
$50 y lime, g. g.; ..naaagnesia, 4IO8 :Iox,
ide Of iron, DIG; pdtdsh. '36 a.: sod5I
": CO.; chloride OF potassium, 2.30.:
chloride of sodium, q, ~ oarh@n;c
ACID, 1347: phosphuric acid, 6.71:
sulphurlc acid, 1.35. i. Total, 80. 49,,
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
EWigrQtiOn to America.

The London Examiner announces in a
recent issue that the present year will see
an immense increase in tho tide of emiera.
ton TO- Amerisa and our colonies. Emf.
grafton has 1eosiveda great impetus from
the movement among tho agricultural
llaboReFs. The Queensland Government il
Showing IN appreciation for field culture
which our English land. owners and
farmers XVIII perhaps regret whom
it is to hte. Ten thousand 1aborers are
offered free passage and other advan.
eagea and We rteel snre that that number
will soon leave our shores, in addition to
those Canada, aud America have ~
superiority Of ,attraotions.- Mesnwhile in
Dorset and elsewhere, tie most casual
observer, can already see tho effect Of in.
sufficient manual labor. There vas not
ono isbofeR too 'naauysin Dorsst teE0r1: the
movement co1bmeneed; and vt fully ], 900
fits adults hav6 nov. removed elsaxhera
Whom is this exodus t. stop {? Not until
the English land question assumes its
proper degrees. Of Importance. Anxious
~ We ARD 70 - that Question come to .ths
front, we can scarcely regret this emix,a-
tion, for surer way of forcing attention
% 1t was never devvrsed. Still tho con.
dltion Of Ireland, notwithstanding il.
and diminishing population
prevents 10 from being TO- ssnguine about
The e6eot that emigration viii have on
hose lett behind. Joseph Arch, accom-.
panied by Mr.. J. g. Cox, proposed to
visit Ireland at tue end of next week, and
their report Of tho condition and pros.
poets Of the peasantry will be looked
forward to with considerable interest. It
: idle to pretend to hide tho fac. that Mr..
Irish Church and Irish Land
acte have Jailed to remove that disaffsotion
which is tho natural sequel Of English
policy, or the misery which cries aloud
against our centuries of misrule. The
only policy which can in any wav
check over.smigration, or cut at the root
IT rural misery in both countries is land
act, but one of q much moro advanced
nature than that with which the Wings ex-
9ected to stop tho mouths OF tho lri.h
enantry.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04

The little girls are keeping house
now and inviting other little girls to
take tea with them. The tea consists
mostly OF warm water served in minia-
ture woodsn dishes, and a slice of
green apple with a worm in II. The
little girls drink the tea and chew tho
apple with proper solemnitv, Then
they say, I" I shan't!" "Yon're inst "a
mean as You can be !" &c 1 shall 90 r;oht
nome, nosO!" and kick each Other '.n
the legs, and dlspersc. vi
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
One Of the ereatest m;st.tes which

One Of the greatest mistakes which
farmers make is cultivating too much
land. It is truth which needs no argu-
ment to prove, that it is cheaper, 3by
thorough manuring and cultivation.
to raise fifty bushels of corn on one
acre than it is by slovenly to raise that
amount on two. If q farmer hos plenty
of manure and time to give to the two,
then let him plant them by all means.
Now the average yield per acre of any
crop throughout the country, is not
half what it is on the best Cultivated
farms. Surprising that farmers give the
same attention to One-half of the acres
that they now do, they would be gain
crs in saving one-half of the land for
wood and pasture, while they would
still have as much to sell. But
it is not entirely necessary to give the.
same attention ; so per cent. more ma
nure and labor would double the crop,
for it requires the same ploughipg and
planting in either case. It is the thor
0ughness with which this is done, aud
the after cultivation, that tells so that
by planting one.half as many acres
farming would also save one-fourth of
SAo oAPoueos unu tuoSo TWO savings
would make 4 change from profit to
loss. The great trouble with farmers
is that they do not make sufficient
calculation: for drawbacks, as bad
weather, sickness, breakage, and unsta-
bile help. It would be for better to
allow too much the other way, and then
after their crops were thoroughly
tended, devote their spare time to inn
provements, such ~ fencing and ditch-s
ing, than to b. forever worried by the.
friction caused by being behind,
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
IT appears that Al; i mean,s NJ .nraod

/ IT appears that az i means of spread
ing infectious diseases there 10 nothing
sequa1 to IN 1rish wake. An old woman
died suddenly of,what:vas supposed 20
be paralysis. A wake of course fol-
lowed, and within the ensuing three
weeks fifteen persons who mad either
been in contact VIII OF attended the
wake Of this old woman, were stricken
down by enteric fever. It appears Chat
the old woman had given lodging to
and washed the linen of tramp who
bad but lately left q ueighborlng fever
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04

:: EDWARD BAYER, ESQ, Horton, Kings
Co. s e. x5 e eston;e,ns cure h..
Johnson's Ano1yne Lintment. The whole
spine became diseased, she lost the use Of her
limbs, and her back was rounded up like
bow, in consequence of taking cold after hay-
ing beet, innoculsted for the kline pock. She is
now we'll. ~ ;,,4%. .; i: >, -, ~,
VIZ pledge our reputation on the assertion
that any .; EDUCATED physiei.n. .tter careful
sons Ps,gatire PiQs possess more merit than
any other pill now offered for sale.-Cop. -.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
CAILDERN'S CORNER.
MY Arab 0teed.
BY e. G. DAVIS,

d H Cs OAVl0S
Fleot and strong is my Arab stccd,
To servo me In my direst need;
Unurged by SOUR, or whip, or eoad,
He speeds like lightning Ger tho road.
Hunger and thirst he never knows
Unwcaried, never seeks repose;
No. stable built compact and tight
Doth shelter HIM by day or night.
No hostler smooths his glossy side,
Or vicws his arcling neck with pride
NO jockey, with distrustiul eye,
Each impcrfcction keen doth spy:
The summer soIstice hath no power
To move him in its tiercest hour;
Unchilled BY. winter pietcing- blast,
On wings OF wind still flying fast.
Faithsul'an true. whatc'cr betidcs,
Obedient aili, my cottrser glidos
A friend to serve III dircst need
Art thou. my swift Fei0cipetie!
Our Boys and Girls.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
Watering Horses.

Some attention is necessary in this
matter. Horses are often compelled to
suffer much for the lack of water, and
then, as often as not, ara taken from
the pillow and led to water. and allowed
to drink a great quantity Of cold water.
Thus colos are often produced, and the
life OF the animal endangered. Allow
your animals time to cool before leading
them to water. After resting and feed.
ing, allow them to drink as much as
they desire.
Sore shoulders will occur. Give them
early attention. Itis ahs..lu'.l, crr,7
to work animals with CALLED si.o .lur.,.
Anoint them every morning, noon and
night with water. A strong oak bark
solution used twice q day is very GOOD
to allay levers and to tougher them.
Don't fail to use the oak bark solution
for gals.
Cattle will need attention. Ticks and
flies are great annoyance. A mixture
OF sulphur and lard applied to the
bodies of cattle with brush will have
good effect in keeping off these little.
pests.
Hogs should be fed often with Boiled
'. 40 AoA6 no CAVV40 AG0 NllOWeO
to run at large, somebody might as
well contrive to save the manure. This
may be easily done. Fence off a por-
ton OF some unoccupied field with a
strong, substantial enclosure. If YOU
can 1aye,@ve34E shade trees enclosed,
welf-f not, shelters OF boards should
be erected. Under or near these
places troughs containing rock salt.
haul large Quantity 81 wood, mould
litter, trash Of all sorts, to your pen.
Leave down a panel on the ,outside
along may walk in. They will find the
salt aud be apt to tarry a while in tie
shade. They viii be apt to- come often.
All the seok is tie Vicinity Nill Be- at
e hear Of this camp.meeting place.
1ou:yill find; the manure accumulat;ne:.|
RS "a ReH tf Ss, .a sngRe & vi, xth
may secure MANY loads 81 VALUABLE
manure 4Rufnt Mcsscngcr. : '7'
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
Hoop Rolca n n Eron.


The New Orleans Times SAYS hoop
poles are selling in that market at &1o5
per thousand, and it exhorts farmers
to raise them. 1t adds: Eve have
seen young hickory growing in the
hammocks and bottoms on the south.
ern boundary line of Mississippi, near
the Jackson RAILROAD, and the young
trees were apparently as we'll adapted
to binding hogsheads and barrels o.
any poles grown in the country. If
they grew wild in these bottom lands
it should naturally be expected Chat
under the influence of cultivation thev
would thrive we'll.
An acre of land will grow 10000
young hickory trees, planted in rows
two feet apart, at intervals of six inches
in the rows. The seed are planted
after a careful preparation of the land.
and the young trees are cultivated the
first year, after which they receive no
cultivation. In three years from the
planting the trees grow to the required
height for hogshead poles. They are
cut, bundled, seasoned, and are Chem
readyto ship. The land never reouires
replanting, as young trees continue to
RATION from the old stump. This il
on the authority of farmer who il en-
gagged in cultlvating hickory.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04

How NICE your collars have always
looked this hot weather. What do YOU
wear :" said one gentleman to another.
II always wear either the Elmwood or
Warwick. They are the best that can
be fOnnd.r-COm.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04

= THE purest and sweetest COP Liver
on is Hazard Il Caswell's, made on the sea
God only, by CAswELI., HAzARD l. Co., New
York. 1t is absolutely pure and snea. Pa
tienrs who have once taken it prefer it to al
others. Physicians have decided it superior
TO oil other oils in matket.-Com. ~.
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04
,.l.,! i, " AAZz1hr
4 aa& d ssseal<:a, as,aa
. =, , Il; Z; s.; !; ::

mi: :.sad.id .,as, y + b. sss,a Il ix ge
IS sassst ..... ~5aea i.at. ~ III
ie4es,sosss1ait or.Aiaf1 ss.z 1k1se 15,syWa Il
6 iSs:.eesey:ssas:at,.s.ss a..a.,;is alstt,ik
q: }ss' !: e: .e;:s'3es Ssss e. e.;
ta9qes 8 taear nSsnel yieos. 9teveefi16leS1s
&c dISssfns hosiiaS s: 5sss I'D 8 53ssstaal
p: 4 H.y... s,.ss A...y.f s1As1;is.,,,ssiias
to intsadea 1uf1oeGSS I!Ht4s.sN4sf. +! - ~
Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915, 1873-09-04

q IVvvV
Hcxp P1Trrps the ,ncst p Ru",s IN n
yieorsat that sv .o .n.ts; : "1 tSol ~
system. 1 ' ~
= N0Pers0n can TAXA fl,eae Rit&Ars
accordino to Iiirect;ons and rema;n iono
unWeil. provideii their Rdsnss are ,', not ~ da
stroved bv mineral no;s"n ~ ~ 30 other
meana. ard vital orrons ,vosta6 hovn.,j
repair. ~, ~
Rilions Ronni&4on4 and In%or.
niffanf E.ve,.s ;vS;.S 80. - 49,
ion+ +, 80 o ,s,,a ~ - 80 oO fuo."-
throua,,c,, t 80. sstxs =, SUE Hu. 49, ass
tho. 81 49, '11 onlu s9' 49, 1SEoany
i1iino, ~ SnS ssT1g lt. UI xs'
sos D. Un1ee' G Eunso t D:H a -. AL
Pearl A;eSomo ~ %cS,;;a 1u S. ,c b.
anol.e, ia.ns. -. s -,s,< - n ., ~ .
Cher vast tr;h,tar;ea tfrqn sgs" " n'.r
entire country dnffn1 IT'S Isl S1{fmsr AM anI
Autumn. and remaTk k6iy: ~ during sca.
SIS 81 unuitial i,sat 3nd! dfvnasf A.
h1vS1comrra1iied nv exfans;ra a..
ra,fnemants NJ tko eton,sch anil .l;.o.
and other abdomisai Tiscefa. 81 their,
treatment. = nuroaff11- e.er1tnur9 .rnv.
Eerfi,i inf3norco ,1,.o,, tSose var;o,,a 20 =.
,e,o,,s IL S.sesj&a3 S1SsSi . etA 11Hy %
az. - Sce9 ez! xy. nscoesaax. AneIo'
Dbl, WA1KBR's V1sxGA3, B1rr1ns.
- they wf1f speedily remove tie dafk,
c9l0neQ Ilfeld matter with which tho
boweis atS loaded, at the came time,
s9solane the secreao0s of the nseF,
sna gonora!iy restoring the healthy
Eo,.fifv +Lo III, .ssf,.s4 it,.
~ n =. S. In ~ a !!;s:.i. !l tco
~ gstny4'k ~ ~ nu!as WIN viA1Gx !! :,
o Ie no ~opldemc can take hold
OF sy@em thus fore-armed:. 49,
DysRepsia of l1dagestion, Head
ache, Pain in tho Shoulders, Coughs,
Ere,ctot;c,,s - 49,, -, 1. =. r2yat
!: In tho Mouth. Bilious Atf6kks. pn1nit1sc