The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-04-23


or anything, and would rather see Spain In the
power OF Don Carlos in its unity than divided under
emancipation gradual Is enacted the Cortes viii
approve system OF political government for .
race entirely unprepared to receive it,
THE OTHER SIDE OF THE QUESTION.
The views OF Senior Ruiz, here expressed, are the
views OF class that is not without its influence IN
Spain. Senior Ruiz himself Is political curiosity
in the Cortes. He Is what is called unitarian re-
publican, and, strange to say, Is the only member
Of the party. His idea is that there should be
one strong central government, like France all
power centring in Madrid and no departmental
or State governments On this point he Is alone
and does not seem to win any following. But on
the question OF slavery he represents large class
The spanish mind has brO0ded over what 1t once
owned In America and what 1t lost until 1t sees IN
the actual possession OF these lands by Americans
crime against Spain and Castan homer. The
republicans who control power-I mean the federal
republicans-do not entertain this sentiment, and
Mr. Castelar,, in closing the debate upon the eman-
cipation measure, took pains to show that the
present government viewed the United states with
friendship and respect; perhaps might say enthu-
siasm. This remarkable speech has made such an
impression here and went 80 far towards carrying
the measure, that am sure you will be glad to
have its best points translated from the Gazette
SPEECH OF CASTELAR,.
Mr.. CASTELAR, said that from the heights OF the OPP
position benches he had formerly surveyed the
bench, he saw nothing but hard realities that
could not yield to the temptations OF 0ratory AS
Deputy and citizen he had always supported
emancipation-in the press, the club and IN the
Tribune. Nor would he, as Minister, break these
pledges. When little more than achild he began
public life, and his first speech, at twenty0ne, was
In favor OF emancipation. When he moved from
the press to professors chair he gave his time TO
the study OF the first FIVE centuries OF Christianity
n Ma hQ rl q ri ia
lures he had attributed these invas0ns to the in
tiuence OF slavery. The ancient world fell because,
degradation OF servitude. The Christian religion,
so comforting TO the soul when shorn OF its d0gmas
ana was s me t 81 ne sa we
way Tor freedom by their grand gospels; the
epcs OF slavery, inspired by the river that
ten with hands manacled In bondage. Christ
Is OF the royal lineage OF the old Kings
OF the enslaved race that has fallen. He con-
quered oppression If his cradle be the cradle Of
toll his cross is the cross OF the slavethe scaOld
already red with the blood OF Spartacus and his
thirty thousand comrades. Ii Christianity Is the
spiritual religion that by its dogmas links man with
God, in it's social aspect it is the religion Of the
vast hordes of barbarians advancing upon the
Babylon OF the West, fallen beneath the destroying
flashes OF the eioquence OF Paui-fallen before
human conscience; when beheld the barbarianS
invade Rome In her ieasting and scatter her
ashes to the winds-I said, surely they come as
angels OF destruction, They are e bondmen de-
scended from the victims OF the arena-descendan
OF gladiators-come to prove by their vengeance
that Gods justice shines forever in the pages Of
EMANCIPATION DEMANDED BY THE SPIRIT OF THE
AGE.
"Since then" continued Mr.. CASTELAR,, 81 have
found all social and political problems connected
with the slavery question. saw it as question
OF caste with us all. The middle classes, not only
of Spain but OF EurOpe-whO make laws and gov
erl-wnO to-day guide our social structure, are the
descendants OF the helots, the parahs, the slaves
ana the bondsmen. II we seek the ashes OF our
the toll OF the slave. The whole task OF modern
civilization has been the moulding OF the ancient
bondsman into free and independent citizen"
No one could forget how Mr.. CASTELAR, had opposed
M. MOret's law OF 1870, because 1t was an INSULT
Gent law. When the vote OF confidence In the ZOr-
rilla Ministry had been carried by acclammation,
he had defended the measure as an evident neces-
sity OF the stuation-a measure demanded OF them
done as deputy he would do as Minister-he
would advocate the measure and demand Its
approval, and would appeal to the patriotism
OF the conservatives not to delay the inevitable re-
suit lest they should draw down disaster on Spain,
Democracy and the Republic were impossible
without the consent OF the liberal parties OF Spain.
They would all meet on the law OF emancipation.
He had sustained the radical party when IN power
at the risk of alienation and separation from his
friends. Having taken this risk he ielt he could
appeal to the radicals now with more than ordi-
nary earnestness
THE GREAT SYMPATHETIC MOVEMENTS OF HISTORY.
Calumny, said the orator, had within and with
out the Cortes revied and blackened all who
obeyed only the promptings OF humanity until one
could hardly see through the thick cloud OF In
famous accusations heaped upon those upright
men, as though to suffocate them-those SANDERS
that came from foul air. as it were from the tester.
ing sores deep In the heart of their beloved cOun-
try the plague spots OF slavery. There had been
no influence brought to bear upon the slavery
question. He had studied all the archives In the
state Department for many years back in order
that he might reach free and fair Judgment. He
saw in slavery not national but an international
question, and 1t could net be otherwise. When the
railway and telegraph were unknown all the great
movements and TRANSFORMATIONS of history came
In harmony 1t had been said that in Europe and
Asia these movements concided and these again
with those OF America, even before America was
known to the modern world. There had been his
torical movements in all ages, as II one human spirit
pervaded the whse earth. All ieudal Europe was
stirred at once, and in the tenth century we had
the rise Of guilds and communities. Louis XI.,
Ferdinand v. and Macmillan OF Austria were
men received the mariners compass, the
printing press and the telescope. And when
the epic was completed with the discovery
of America the relormers came. Henry WILL,
Philip l., Charles " and Philip ii. were the types OF
absolutsm. The liberal movement came at once
with the advance OF the middle classes, the fall OF
kings and the suppression OF the Jesuits. All this
tended to show that great issues are not in all
respects national-that the grand problems OF
humanity have an international relation. when
l dwelt,n said Mr.. Castelar,, upon the probable
influence OF the revolution OF September, was
criticized a poet who dwet in the realm OF the
ideal-as a man who saw in the modest combat at
Alcolea an event that would transform Europe and
the world. See now what has come from that
eventl The temporal power OF the Pope over
thrown; the Empire OF France fallen, with its
Emperor; repablics in France and Spain; Germany
a unit and all Europe in state OF TRANSFORMATION
since our cannon Numbered at Alcolea.''
HOW THE FRENCH PROCLAIMED FREEDOM.
This unity in historical movement seemed to
DEFY materialism and show the triumph of ideal
ism, in showing the unity, the identity ana almost
the divinity OF the human mind. The true evan
gelical spirit that divides the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries, Is the spirit OF liberty and
equality. In one day the French Convention pro-
claimed equality, and poor negro, who had been
a bondsman and was then deputy, said, ''You
have declared the unity and equality OF human
rights and the equality OF the human mind. have
mind, thought and speech ike yourselves feel
a soul within mel l have conscience and rea-
son and yet am not irec-your boosted principles
are but lie!' And then, in that great Conven-
ton, which, however II may have snned, rose
more than one to the summit OF ideal right: that
great Convention rose and said, 1--WE will not
dishonor ourselves by debating this,r and they
abolished slavery The speaker rad often Thought
OF that scene. The doors fiung open as II py I'M
seen hands; the negroes entering and embracing
the men OF the Convention, and falling at their
feet they Mepl. IL seemel thai these sacred tears