American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1873-05-17
USEFUL AND SUGGESTIVE.

| AT discussion by the jamestown Far
mers' Club, in Western New York, several
! members stated that twenty pounds of hay
| per day would keep an average-siZed COW
in fair condition. Two members insisted
that five pounds of cornmeal and eight
pounds of hay per day were equal to TWEEN
ty pounds of hay, or five pounds of the
meal equal to twelve pounds of hay.
Prices stated to be $40 a ton for hay, and
$22 Il ton for cornmeal.
SPACE FOR FowLs.-The proper space
for fowls in confinement is set down by
| Mr.. Lewis Wright as half an acre to a
| flock of fifty, which should be in grass.
| Those desiring to breed poultry on large
scale can calculate from this basis why so
| many failures have attended experiments
| in this direction. One hundred fowls
need an acre range; one thousand, ten
acres and no doubt as the flock increases
over thousand, an average of more than
| one acre per hundred would be the safer
| plan.
The LAST MILK FROM THE UDDER-
| DIR. Anderson, of Scotland says he found
by practical analysis, in one instance, that
| the last cup of milk drawn from the cows
| udder contained sixteen times as much
cream the first one. This separation of
cream from milk takes place in part in
the udder of the COW, particularly if the
cow is suffered to stand at rest for some
time previous to milking. If there are
people who doubt that there is difference
in the richness of milk first drawn from
cows and that last drawn, their doubts
will be speedily removed by milking Il
half dozen COWS and setting the first half
drawn from each cow separate from the
last half
EGGS FOR BREEDING.-In selecting
eggs for Matching, all monstrosities should
be avoided as they will not hatch. The
same hen Will sometimes lay a very large
egg, and another time very small one.
They will serve well to eat, but not for
Matching. What is wanted are eggs of the
average size and appearance peculiar to
the variety from which you breed-nothing
else. Very long, very short, or very rough
eggs should always be avoided. Time
will be saved, too, by not trying to select
eggs which will bring either cocks or
hens, as the art of telling the sex of an egg
by its shape or color has not yet been dis
covered. This advice of course is for
the acreage breeder-the fanciers and anna
tours may experiment as much as they
please, us they can better afford it.-Coun-
try GeHtleMdn.
WM. TANNER, of Leavenworth, Kansas,
who has had fifteen years experience in
fruit culture in that State, having had 5000
trees at one time including over 200 vari-
cites gives the Western Planter his conclu-
SlOnS. He recommends late fall planting,
except for young trees; general pruning in
the fall; trunks of trees three to four feet
high-trees fifteen feet apart, to be thinned
as needed. For market he recommends
only three varieties-Cooper's Early,
Early Harvest, New York Pippin. For
family use he recommends: Early Har-
vest Red Astrachan, Benoni, Cooper's
Early White, American Summer Pearmain,
Iorter, Dyer, Smoke House, Bailey Sweet,
Autumn Swaar, Wine Sap, White Winter
Pearmain, Jenneting, Jonathan New
York Pippin, Ladies' Sweeting, Timber
Twig.
BEST TINE TO CAsTRATE ANNALS
Young pigs, lambs, and calves may be
castrated almost any time with perfect
safety. Many persons hold to the opinion
that cold weather is the most suitable time
to castrate colts and aged animals My
experience and observation is, that the
months of May and September are the
most suitable times. In May there are no
flies or other insects to torment the ami
NAL; and also, the weather not being hot,
the animal does not resort to the shade,
consequently keeping out in the open
field. If it is natural it will pick grass
and keep in moderate exercise; an animal
will swell less than if it remains too much
of the time stationary under the shade.
The same reason applies to September.
If done in the cold weather the animal
will be apt to be kept housed, which should
never be done