davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Moscow.

Moscow, the ancient capital of Russia,
is situated in the midst of one of the
most productive agricultural districts of
the empire, and, when viewed from the
summit of TIL Sparrow Hills, an amphi-
theater of low, wooded hills, it presents
to the eyes of the spectator a truly en-
chanting panorama, which Alexander
Won Humboldt said had Made an over
towering impression upon him. At your
feet the Moskva river, which divides the
city into two unequal parts, winds
through beautiful meadows; rising be-
yond, you see a mingled mass OF towers,
gilded and painted domes, churches,
monasteries and palaces. The whole,
when seen on a sunny day, and under a
clear sky, possesses an almost unearthly
splerdor, from the dazzling whiteness of
the buildings, and the glancing brilliance
of the gilded church-domes. Ys ~
The city overs a larger extent Of
ground than any other European capital
except London, and, perhaps, CONSTANT
nople and, when the traveller sees the
sea of houses on the broken and hilly
surface before him extending to the
horizon, he feels inclined to estimate the
population at millions upon millions.
And yet it is only about four hundred
thousand, and its increase is by no
| means rapid.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Only Seven.

In early times, the number of known
metals were seven-iron, copper, silver
gold, lead, tin and mercury. They were
designated by the names of the seven
planets then known, and a certain union
was supposed to exist between each
planet and its co~rrelative metal. Thus,
gold was the sun silver, the moon /;
mercury, It's namesake; copper, Venus ;
iron, Mars; tin, Jupiter; lead, Saturn.
There is no doubt that besides these
seven minerals the ancients were familiar
with many others, such as sulphur, cal
cium, and other simple bodies which
modern science has classified as min
erals, but they recognized as such only
those which bore the outward appear
ance OF metallic bodies, being found in
nature in a native and pure state,
scarcely waiting any other manipulation
than fusion-a very simple process,
easily accomplished by the most mex
perienced workmen. As to the chemical
action of minerals and the part they act
IN vegetation, they had not the slightest
notion. In the Middle Ages, when
science had scarcely advanced beyond
the stage where the Romans had left it,
metals were the object of a strange and
mysterious manipulation, which Dor
rowed from its secrecy a degree of awe
which exercised a remarkable influence
on society. The art of the alchemist,
like the kindred one of the astrologer,
generated an amount of superstition
scarcely credible but at the same time
it must be acknowledged that these
~follies, ridiculous and contemplate
though they may appear to us now, were
attended by wholesome discoveries, both
in metallurgy and astronomy, which
greatly added to the stock Of real
science.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Paste This in Your Hat.

Here are a few items of information
known to some, but to a great many yet
to be learned
How to lay off a square acre of
ground: Measure off 2OS1 feet on each
side, and you will have an acre within
an inch.
Contents of distances-An acre con-
tains 4, $40 square yards.
Measure of distances-A mile is
$3.50 feet or ], 760 yards in length.
A fathom is 6 feet.
A league is 3 miles.
A days journey is 333 miles.
A cubit is 2 feet.
A hand (horse measure) is s inches.
A palm is 3 inches.
A span is 10! inches.
A space is 3 feet.
Barrel measure-A barrel of flour
weighs 1876 pounds.
A barrel of pork is 200 pounds.
A barrel of rice is 200 pounds.
A barrel of powder is 25 pounds.
A frkin of butter is Sc pounds.
Bushel measure-The following are
sold by weight per bushel:
Wheat, beans, and clover seed, 60
pounds to the bushel.
Corn, rye and faxseeds, Sc pounds.
Buckwheat, so pounds. bs.
Barley, 48pounds. IL
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
How Much Will Keen n Horse.

A horse weighing from ten to twelve
hundred pounds VIII eat about six tons
of hay, or its equivalent, in a year. And
we suppose the real point to get at is,
whether n can keep his horses cheaper
on some other product than hay. This
is an exceedingly difficult question to
answer-it depends so much on circum-
stances. We shall not attempt to an
swer it fully at this time, but will
merely say that, in our opinion, three
and a half tons of corn stalks and two
and a half tons corn would keep a horse
a year in FULLY as good condition as six
tons of good hay.
We may estimate, also, that it will
take three and a half tons of oat straw
and two and a half tons of oats to keep
a horse a year, A bushel of oats weighs
thirty-two pounds, so that it will take
over 155 bushels and three and a hall
tons of straw to keep a horse a year. IT
would take about two acres of good land
to produce this amount.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
LINCOLN,S FIRST NOMINATION..
How the Seward Party Were Outwitted
by the RaiI-Splitters.

by the RaiI-Splitters.
The st. Louis Democrat (Republcan)
adds the following to the literature of
the discussion recently revived. between
the friends of Seward and Lincoln, con-
corning the defeat of the former by the
latter
Ii we are not misinformed there are
prominent gentlemen who can tell all
about it If they choose to do So, viz. !:
Hon. E. d. Morgan, who was then
Chairman of the Republican National
Committee /; Hon. David Davis, Judge
of the Supreme Court, and Hon. jesse
K. Dubois, of Illinois. Mr.. Morgan
was a Seward man, and MI. Lincoln's
interests were intrusted to the manage
ment of Judge Davis and Mr.. Dubois.
"The Wigwam, in which the conven-
ton was held, was an immense struc-
ture, capable of accommodating thou
sands of persons besides the delegates,
but the crowds assembled at Chicago
were SO great that only a small portion
of those who desired to be present could
gain admittance to the hall. Seeing
this, the Seward men contrived a shrewd
trickfor the purpose of giving the friends
of Mr.. Seward the possession of the
hall, so that all manifestations of popu-
lar enthusiasm should be on the side of
their favorite, and it was decided that
no spectators should be allowed to enter
without tickets issued from Mr.. Nor
gan's headquarters, and distributed by
the delegates. In giving out these
tickets, the Seward delegates were
favored to the prejudice of Western
men, and the Lincoln men saw that, if
something wal not done to counteract
the movement, the Wigwam would be
packed with Mr.. Stewards friends. A
council of wal was held, at which it was
resolved that counterfeit tickets of adj
mission should be prepared the evening
before the nomination, and when the
Wigwam doors were opened the next
morning the holders of these tickets
swarmed into the hall and crowded all
the available space, to the exclusion OF
most of the Seward men, who had taken
a leisurely breakfast, in the perfect con
fdence that their genuine tickets Sc
cured them reserved seats. The result
of this was soon manifest. When Lin
coin was put in nomination, and Caleb
B. Smith, of Indiana, rose to second it,
a storm of applause arose from all sides
OF the hall, while he nomination OF
Seward failed to evoke the enthusiasm
anticipated and arranged for by his
friends. The Seward claqueurs were
enjoying the benefit of their reserved
seats upc.4 the sidewalks, while the Lin
coin men filed the Wigwam with then
shouts. Doubtful and wavering dele.
gates could not withstand the tidal wave
of the ~rail-sphtter's popularity, and
were carried away, while the Seward
managers gazed in stupid amazement
upon the unexpected denouenent. Such
is the story as it is told by those who
made no secret of having been in the
plot by which Mr.. Morgan's shrewd
| designs were circumyented."
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
The Coliseum at Rome.

The Emperor Vespasian, after his re-
turn from the Jewish war in the year ~
OF the Christian era, caused this won
derful amphitheater to be built in that
part of ancient Rome where were the
ponds and gardens of Nero. It was
completed in four years, and his son
Titus dedicated it by the slaughter of
five thousand wild beasts in the arena
Adrian caused the colossal statue of
Nero to be removed from the vestibule
of his own palace, and placed it in his
amphitheater, where it was worshipped
as Apollo.
The Coliseum derives its name from
its colossal dimensions, being about
17C0 English feet in circumference. The
form is oval. It was built of immense
blocks of I~raventine stone, and consists
OF four stories. The first story is adorn-
ed with Doric columns, the second with
Ionic, the third and fourth with CORN
THAN. The entrances were eighty in
number, seventy-six being for the people,
Two for the gladiators, and two for the
Emperor and his suit. Within the walls
were twenty s%taircases leading to seats
appropriated to the different classes of
people. The seats are said to have held
eighty-seven thousand spectators, and
the portico or gallery above them twen-
ty thousand. There was an awning
which covered the entire edifce in case
Of rain or intense heat. In the wall of
the uppermost story are open holes,
supposed to have contained the rings
for fastening the cords of this awning.
Chateaubriand in his Martyrs says:
"There were rails of gold before the
seats of Roman senators to guard them
from the attacks of the wild beasts.
The air was refreshed by means of ma
chimes ~ingeniously contrived to throw
up wine and saffron water, which again
descended in an odoriferous dew. Three
thousand bronzed statues, fine pictures,
columns of jasper and p0rpyhry, crystal
balustrades, vases of precious workman
ship, decorated this scene of savage
cruelty"
A hippopotamus and some crocodiles
swan in an artificial canal which sur
rounded the arena. Five hundred lions,
forty elephants, tigers, panthers, bulls
and bears, kept for the inhuman pur.
pose of tearing human beings in pieces
to afford amusement to their savage
species, were heard roaring in the cav.
erns of the amphitheater.
Such were the sports of the Romans
when their empire was in the plenitudt
OF its power.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Getty sburg and COrinth.

Two extremely interesting statements
have recently been made, relative to the
battles of Corinth and Gettysburg,
which throw some new light upon those
sanguinary contests. The first is con-
tanned in a letter written by Gen. Earl
Van Dorm, on the 18th of October, 1862,
eleven days after his repulse by Rose
Grams, in the attack on Corinth, which
was recently published for the first time
in a Southern newspaper. In this letter
written to Col. E. M. Yerger), Gen. Van
Dorm acknowledges his ignorance of the
inner line Of Notifications around Cor
NTH, which were constructed but a few
days before the attack, and which he
had reached after the first days fight,
and failed to carry the next morning.
The second statement, which is a very
extraordinary one, attributes treachery
to Gen. Longstreet, at Gettysburg. The
statement is made by Brig. Gen. Pen
dleton, late Chief Of Artillery of the Con-
federate Army of Northern Virginia,
upon the authority of Gen. Lee himself.
Gen. Pendleton is now pastor of the
Episcopal Church at Lexington, and is
lecturing through the South for the pur-
pose of raising funds to build a tomb to
the memory of Gen. Lee. Inthe course
of one of these lectures, he stated that,
to his personal knowledge, derived from
Lees own lips, "Longstreet had, the
night before the battle, received from
Gen. Lee in person orders to advance at
the dawn of the next morning that he
Gen. Pendleton) had made a reconnois-
anc in person, and declared to Gen.
Lee the perfect practicabllity of imme-
date assault upon the then u%nprepared
enemy how he had waited impatiently
till II o'clock /; how Longstreet at that
hour rode up to his side and sat upon
his horse, useless and inactive, until 4
o'clock p. M; then, when the head of
his column did go in, his soldiers were
futile against the now massed and con
centrated enemy; and still Robert E.
Lee Gen. Pendleton said) refused to
lay the blame upon the shoulders of the
mar who had fought so often and so
well for him." AS might be expected,
the statement is creating a Juror of ex-
element in the South. Chicago Ira6-
une.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15

even if the lambs should not come on a
stormy night. Sheep have again be-
come valuable, both for the wool and
meat they furnish, and they should be
incentives to watchfulness, if humanity
does not lead to it. Where lambs be-
come chilled, take them at once to the
house, and after being in a warm room
for half a n hour, put them under the
stove where it is hot, and give them
milk from the mother until they become
able to walk, and then take them back
to the sheep. IF the mother is not in
clined to take her own offspring, shut
the two up in a small pen or box to-
gether for a day or two, and hold the
eve for a few times for the lamb to draw
his rations.-Ohio Farmer.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Bank DefalcatiOns.

The Cleveland Leader thinks that
public sentiment on affairs of business
will have to undergo a radical revolution
before the safety of bank depositors can
be fully assured. This is said in view
of the defalcations of Cashier Taintor,
of the Atlantic National Bank, New
York. In the fall of 1869 the Second
National Bank, Cleveland, was the VIC
tim of a still more extensive and mystic
rious defalcation.
that he could not definitely explain, mis-
trusted that there was something wrong
in the affairs of that bank. He reported
to the department at Washington that
he had suspicious which he was unable
to verify by any discoveries within his
power, and he requested that two experts
be sent on to investigate the concern.
The two experts came, and on their re-
turn reported that they could not verify
the suspicious of the Examiner, but at
the same time they were obliged to share
them. The Comptroller of the Cur
rency then wrote to the President of the
bank, Mr.. Worthington, the facts in the
case, coupled with a recommendation
that the officers of the bank should watch
things with especial c~loseness. The
President was very indignant. He wrote
back that if the department could find
no cause of complaint, it should cast no
slurs. His protest was rational and
just. Three officers Of the Treasury De
partment, supposed to be experts, had
overhauled the accounts of the bank,
and been allowed full range to pry into
secrets, without finding anything wrong.
One would say every doubt should then
be dismissed.
A few days afterward the President
mentioned the matter to the Cashier.
without the slightest suspicion that he
was prodding a o r spot. The Cashier,
Mr.. Dodge, replied that the Directors
had better look matters over at their
meeting; that there might be ground
for the suspicion. The morning of
the day before the Directors met. Mr..
Dodge was late at breakfast. Not ever
his wife had noticed anything peculiar
In his conduct, yet when his little daugh-
ter went to call him to breakfast he was
a corpse. He had shot himself through
the temples. He left behind a paper
explaining the cause of his self-murder.
lie had lost no less than S77O, 600 be-
longing to the bank, besides about $780,
900 of his own money, in Wall street
sp~eculatiens, and he had nothing to show
for it. The day of reckoning had come,
and he preferred death to a life of dis
grace.
If defalcation can be carried on to
such an extent without detection, even
with three experts on the track, there
must certainly be something wrong.
Either the Government system of exam
nation needs radical reformation, or the
examinations are not made by real ex-
perts. There have been similar cases to
the Dodge and the Taintor d~efalcations,
and it is about time the evil is remedied.
Let the Comptroller of the Currency,
Mr.. Knox, take hold of the subject In
right good earnest. 1t is high time
these enormous frauds were checked.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
FARM AND
Save the Bones.

We see on almost every farm, ali over
the land, old bones scattered around as
though they were worthless. In many
places, persons are doing a good bust
ness by gathering these bones and sell
ing them. Every farmer or fruit
grower should prepare a place to save
the bones. Instead of giving large
bones to dogs to carry off and hide, put
them in a bone-box and make them use
full. A few pounds of bones are worth
as much as a wagon load of barn yard
manure The farmer may ask, GLOW
shall I get the richness out of these
bones ?" In the first place when you
prepare your leach to get I've, for MAX
ing soap, put the bones in the bottom
of the leach after you get all the I've
out of the ashes, take the bones QUA: all
of the softer bones will now mash up
very easily, but those that remain hard
must be boiled in I've until they become
soft; after which they may be ground in
a corn and cob mill, if you have one; if
not, you can mash them with a hammer;
the finer they are ground the better they
are. You now take this bone dust and
sprinkle a very little of it about any
thing that you want to have grow fast;
be sure and put but little to a
plant, as this is a very powerful fer
tili7er.
The I've that these bones have been
boiled in is also a very powerful fertil-
izer; it may be diluted with water or
soapsuds and applied to the ground,
near vegetables; but do not put it on
vegetables, as it is too powerful for
them. I use 1t altogether on my pear
trees; I dilute it about one-half with
soapsuds, and, with the stub of an old
broom, I apply it to the bodies of the
trees. By this means I keep the body
of the tree cleanand bright, and the sub
stance all goes to the roots, which will
make the tree grow and bear fruit of
extraordinary size, and very superior ex-
cellence.
Bones can also be prepared by burn
ing them until they can easily be mash
ed. this is a very simple and quick pro-
cess, but the burning of the bones de-
stroys more than half of the fertilizing
properties. Cor. Ohio Farmer.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Horses.

In trading horses it is generally sup
posed that the parties to the bargain de-
pend upon their Judgment, and if
one is cheated no enc is to blame; but
the warrantee holds good in this case, if
the party be responsible, just as much
as n any other, The law in the case is
laid down by a New York Judge as fol-
lows If a man warrant a horse, it is
not necessary to say, 81 warrant that
horse, but any distinct affirmation in
regard to the quality or condition of a
horse made to operate, and which does
operate, on the sale, amounts to a war
rantee. If a man don't want to war
rant, he must keep his mouth shut; and
if be open his mouth, he must tell the
truth.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Ironing Shirt Fronts.

In a first class laundry starch is made
in the usual manner; to a pail of starch
a whole sperm candle is used. When
the linen is dry, it is dipped in the cold
starch and ironed in the ordinary way 4;
then it is dampened with a wet cloth
and the polish-iron passed over it. This
is an ordinary smoothing iron, ground
off so that the edges are all rounding.
To this last manipulation the linen is
indebted for the peculiar laundry gloss
we admire so much, but which many
house-keepers have vainly striven to
leave upon the wristbands and bosoms
of their husbands shirts.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
Foreign.

VICTOR EMANUEL is early to bed and
early to rise.
The last time Patti was in st. Peters
burg the Gar gave her $50, 900 worth of
diamonds.
The King of Siam has established two
schools under English masters at Bang
kok, for the sons of the mobiles.
DEAN RAMSAY estimated that four
million sermons are delivered in England
every year. And still the people are not
happy.
A LONDON correspondent of the Wo-
mans Journal says: ga majority of the
Scotch members of Parliament are in
favor of the acknowledgements of women,
and L believe the same might be said of
h Scotch clergy if they were canvassed
upon the subject as the members have
been"
SOME ruffians at Amiens have invented
a new use for petroleum, and a new form
OF torture which would have delighted
Torquemada. They broke into a house,
and, finding a poor woman, poured some
petroleum down her throat and then
tried to set her on fire. Fortunately
she rejected the oil, and, instead of be-
ing burned herself, only her bedclothes
were consumed.
IT is said that the White Nile has be-
come so clogged with distractions that
a year is now occupied in making the
voyage from Khartoum to Gondokoro. q
distance that formerly required but
twenty days; and fears are entertained
that the river may become entirely
damned up, and so change its course as
to fall into the Indian ocean between
Zanzibar and Alden.
MIR. TRoLLoPE has come to the con-
cluslon that no n but an Englishman
can turn out a respectable newspaper.
Continental journals are unsatisfactory,
and an American, though he "can give
a good lecture, make a good speech,
build a good house, cook a good dinner,
bake good bread, tell a good story, write
a good book can, in fact, do any thing
on earth requiring intellect, energy, in
dustry and construction"-cannot make
a good newspaper. This is very sad; we
shall expect to hear next that England
can beat us in wooden nutmegs.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15

LIZ people planting orchards would
give orders to mark the north side of
trees with red chalk before they are
taken up, and when set out to have the
trees put in the ground with their north
side to the north in their natural posi-
ton, a larger proportion would live.
Ignoring this law Of nature is the cause
Of SO many transplanted trees dying.
If the north side is exposed to the south,
the heat of the sun is too great for that
side OF the tree to bear, and therefore it
dries up and decays.
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15
EARLY Lambs.

We do not mention the subject of car
ing for early lambs because farmers are
not aware of their duties, but as a re-
mlnder. 1t is well known that for mar
ket an early lamb is worth more than a
Late one, and it follows that extra care
should be taken of the first. 1t is not
economy to attempt to watch the flock
in the field, and assist the lambs as they
appear, but provision should be made
for their protection before that period.
Ewes that are soon to suckle should be
separated frem the flock, and put where
they will not be subject to exposure,
Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1873-05-15

IT is estimated that there is in the
Kingdom of Great Britain LAG, 480 mil
lions of tons of available coal. Assuming
that the population and consumption
will go on increasing at the rate exhibit
ed by the statistics of the last fifteen
years, or probably for the last fifty
years, the supply of coal would be ex-
hausted in one hundred and ten, or, at
the farthest, in two hundred and seven
ty-six years. These figures are not less
than startling.