The New York herald., 1873-03-31
THE SPANISH REPUBLIC.
The Political Earthquake Nat
ural Result of a Grad
ual Process.
ORENSE, TIE REPUBLICAN, APOSTLE.
Spain's Sunny. HOurs-A Hemespun Franklin
for the Frugal Cabinet Of Washington.
BLACK CLOUDS COME AGAIN.
Slavery and the Shareholders League
The Radicals Resolve to De-
stroy the Cabinet.
THE PEOPLE AIMING
Another Crisis in the CorteS and
an Angry Capital.
REVOLUTION THREATENED.
Senior MartOs Changes Front and
AbandOns His Party.
CASTELAR'S MIDNIGHT SPEECH.
MOnarchy's Gloomy FOrebOdings-.-COnflic Of
CASTELAR'S MIDNIGHT SPEECH.
MOnarchy'S Gloomy FOrebOdings-.-COnfliet Of
Communists and Federals.
EARLY DECLINE OF The REPUBLIC.
The Army to Restore Royalty-WM It
Be Don Carlos, Alfonso or
Military Dictator?

TnOse VINO 1ancy THIS Republic grew in night,
spontaneous mounting up OF new form OF gov
ernment, an earthquake republic, evertErowing
the monarchy and the old institutions in a vol
canic way, do not understand Spain. The dazcd
manner in which Europe now stares at the phe-
nomenon shows how deeply superstition OF this
kind is rooted in European minds. Spain for
generations has been marching step by step To-
wards the Republic Somehow since that French
Revolution the trade OF kings has not been pros
porous calling, and even in slow, conservative
Spain loyalty has had the canker worm eating,
eating away. l have heard it said that up in
Oregon and British Columbia countries there are
cedar trees that may be called monarchs of the
forest. There is an insect so small that it can
scarcely be seen without q microscope which
bores It's unseen way into the bark of these stately
trees, and there lives and feeds making no visible
Impression upon the comeliness and grandeur Of
the tree until its work is done and the tree falls
with a crash, and you learn that all life had been
silently eaten away. So it has been with monarchy
IL ain. There were the absolute monarchs-King
Ferdinand the Last Wen, King Ferdinand is the
Prince who ran away from his palace and made
the unholy compact with Napoleon. In spite of her
monarch Spain saved herself. This disappoint-
ment was the first step. When the King died there
came Isabella and limited monarchy. All divine
right pretensions were abated and Isabella ruled
In imitation of Victoria. But her reign was one Of
disappointments, intrgues, court scandals and
impotence. One favorite destroyed another until
some Of them in turn combined and destroyed the
dynasty. The Republic then alive; but a
strenuous effort postponed its birth, and from
limited monarchy Spain passed to a democratic
monarchy, with Amadeus at the head, q prince O
many noble qualities. But Amadeus could not
plant his throne in soil where loyalty to kings
SO you mark the four steps which Spain has taken
In this century. Absolute monarchy under Ferdi-
nand, limited monarchy under Isabella democratic
monarchy under Amadeus and the Republic.
THE PIONEER OF THE END CAME.
One is reminded Of the growth OF emancipation
In America and OF free trade in England when he
observes the Republic phenomena in Spain. You
remember how Bright and Golden fought the bat
tie of free trade against the combined efforts OF the
landed agricultural and aristocratic interests Of
Engand-how they fought 1t through evil report
and defamation and contumely-tO win in the end
amid applause OF nations. You remember how In
our own early anttslavery times Benjamin Lundy,
william Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips were
ostracised, denounced, mobbed because of their
devotion TO the cause of freedom. But they won
and the world honors them as valiant men, who
fought the good fight and finished their work.
The same battle has been continued in Spain, and
i have been deeply interested in comparing the
progress OF republicanism In Spain with that of
free trade in England and emancipation In the
United States. Have you heard or Orense >Well
1T Is a name now in many mouths as one loved and
honored by Spanish men. Orense is a member of
an old and noble family, and bears the title of
Marquis Of Albasa. He was born q grandee, and
was in the first rank OF the Spanish arstocracy
He inherited wealth. In his early days, even when
intense republican and gave himself to the adyo.
cacy OF It's doctrines with an energy an enthusiasm
and sefdenial that recalls Ignatus Loyola and the
early Spanish fathers. His life has been struggle
for this prinsiple. He spent his fortune in
Its advocacy. He has been imprisoned. perse.
cuted, sent to the galeys. Again and again he
has returned TO his work. He is now an old man.
and new men sprung up az his discpes-Figueras,
Geredo, Pi Margal, CASTELAR, and others. When
the Republic came Orense was in exile, living in
Bayonne. 1t was not given to him to
crown the work, but he lived to see
1t crowned, and by the hands OF men
who were his disciples and children. Nor was
this obligation forgotten. When Figueras-that
memorable night when the Republic born
to accept the Presidency his first words were
in graceful compliment to Orense, whose absence
they all deplored, and who alone was worthy to be
first message written by CASTELAR, was q despatch
to 0rense announcing that the dream Of the old
mans life had been realized and bidding him to
return to SPAN to see what Q blessed thing had
been done. And In a few days he came, and
yesterday saw him on the Gale San Geronimo
slowly pacing his way to the Cortes his face dark
and heavy with years and care but his eyes clear
and beaming. When he visited the Cortes the
scene was even more emotional than is usual
70 Spaniards. The enthusiastic disciples OF the
new faith insisted upon making him Pres-
dent OF the new Republic. why mott Would
any Spanish republican gentleman deny to
the marquis Of Albaisa this rghts Would any
republican, no matter how famed or powerful,
wear DIS nat or sit down in this pressnceS Neveri
And so Is was resolved that Orense, as nrst Of the
iepunncans' should be nrst OF the Republic. But
w ssaHanaee gently ppt aside the honor. HlsJ