davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1873-07-01
T RIPPLE III E E T.
New York, Tuesday, July 1, 1873.
THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY.
TO-Day's Contents of the
Herald.

sHOw TO IMPRESS THE SHAH THE
HERALD'S PROCESS COMPARED WITH
THAT OF RUSSIA, PRUSSIA AND ENG
LAND D"-LEADER-SIxTH PAGE.
TIE TOUR OF NAsSRED-DINl MARK TWAIN
AND OSHAHl A DREADFUL JOURNEY
FROM LONDON TO OSTENDl NARROWING
SCENES AND NCIDENTSl SUCCESS OF
THE "MAN OF MARK" THE KING OF
KINGS" in "HOLD HENGLANDw LAND
AND SEA WELCOMESl DELIGHT OF THE
FIRE wORsHIPPER-THIRD PAGE.
EHE LAST ITALIAN EARTHQUAKEi ITS TER
RIBLE OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES PAGE
saR SAMUEL BAKER AND HIS MISSION TO EAST
AFRICAi HIS REPORT TO THE BRITISH
GOVERNMENTS INTERESTING DETAILS
SEVENTH PAGE
THE SEARCH FOR THE PoLARIsl THE JUNI.
ATA AT ST. JOHNS NEWFOUNDLAND
SUPPOSED SAFETY OF THE MISSING YES
SEL-SEvENTH PAGE.
FREEMASONRY IN THE EASTi ORGANIZATION
OF A LODGE IN THE ANCIENT CITY OF
JERUSALEM THE CHARITIES OF THE
MYSTIC TIE-FouRTH PAGE.
fHE FRENCH COMMUNISTS PRESIDENT MAC
MAHON TO ASK FOR LENIENCY-TENTH
PAGE.
AND YET ANOTHER MYSTERIOUS MURDER
~~>~rOJND DEAD ON THE BEACH AT STATEN
ISLANDf a RELATIVE OF AN ENGLISH
EARL-SEvENTH PAGE.
cHE GALLOws IN NORTH CAROLINAi DREAD
Full ExPIATIoN OF a HORRIBLE CRIME
FIFTH PAGE.
eIxTH DAYS PROCEEDINGS IN THE WAL
WORTH TRIAL. A FURTHER EXHIBITION
OF THE SKELETON IN THE CLOSET
FIFTH PAGE.
INTERESTING COURT PROCEEDINGS CARL
vOGT EXTRADITEDl A NEW INDICTMENT
AGAINST Woodruff AND CLAFLIN |
TANTORS TRIAL POSTPONED FOURTH
PAGE
YACHTING ON THE HUDSON SIXTH ANNUAL
REGATTA OF THE COLUMBIA YACHT
CLUB! THE wINNERS-SEvENTH PAGE.
WIND-Ur OF THE BILLIARD TOURNAMENTS
ALBERT GARNER DECLARED CHAMPIoNi
CYRILLE DION TAKES THE SECOND
PRIZE-TENTH PAGE
HOME AND FOREIGN MONEY MARKETSl OUR
BOURSE SOMEWHAT MORE ACTIVE, BUT
WEAKNESS PREVAILING OVER THE
WATER-EIGHTh PAGE.
THE DECLINE OF METHODIsM IN THIS CITY,
MPoRTAMT,, MT,,ag'ArIsTICs-FoURrH PAGE.
NO oPPokTUNEY FOR COFFEE AND PISTOLS
IN THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
THREATS OF A COwHIDE AND AN APOL-
OGY-NINTH PAGE.
MEETINGS OF BOARDS OF CITY COMMISSIONS
PARKS, EMIGRATION, &C.-NINrH PAGE
THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC woRKs-wHAT
THE COMMISSIONER SAYs-wHOLEsAIE E
DECAPITATION OF EMPLOYEES - FIFTH
r NO MORE FRANKING
TIRE ABOLITION OF
vFHIIu hEAD"> SYSTEM-FoURTH
y PAGE.
The New York herald., 1873-07-01

Our AMERICAN SYSTEM of State and federal
law-making seems simple enough, yet news
paper 80 generally intelligent as the Pail Mall
Gazette blunders in reference to proceedings
at our State capital. Appearing to quote
New York city journal, it says "the members
of both houses of the American Legislature
'have been working as hard as beavers"
Either a more careful reading of its American
files, or the examination of gazetteer would
prevent an inaccuracy nearly equivalent to
confounding the doings of an English Poor
Law Board with the deliberations of the I'm
perial Parliament
The New York herald., 1873-07-01

EARTHoUAKE, Loss OF LIFE AND SurTER-
ING IN IrALr.-By cable telegram from Rome
we have q continuance of our report Of the
suffering and losses of life and in property
which have just been inflicted on large por-
ton of the. Italian people by earthquake. The
melancholy tale was opened in the columns of
the HERALD yesterday. The sequel which we
present to-day, goes to confirm the first i'm
pressions produced by the sad preface. Pro-
vincial towns have been laid almost in ruins.
Churches and other large buildings have been
thrown down, very many persons have been
killed and large number wounded. The people
have become panic stricken in the afflicted
districts and fled from the shelter of their
homes to the fields. Hundreds of them are
now camped out The Italians have had re-
peated registrations of this sort during the past
dozen of years, and-a remarkable sequence
of the terrestrial vibration-the earthquake
has, in several instances, heralded an eruption
of the volcano of Vesuvius.
The New York herald., 1873-07-01

HE Sss RcH FOR THE PoLARIs, we are now
red, will be conducted with energy. In
special despatch from St Johns, New
,,er riland, publisheo.i in another column, the
no, q1ncement is made that the Juniata arrived
'dgI. yesterday after good run from New
(llobI. she Will take In more coal ahu Pioh-
bnS ,an ,,nor the Tigress now preparing for sea
Y foniy,rooklyn Navy Yard, and to sail in a
: ~, q; 81, 'sr.s,S wise getting ready for the
ions Of Disco ana Upsr-
our despatch that
airing from Captain
at the latter place.
re well founded.
The New York herald., 1873-07-01

'INsULT" TO THE GENEVA COMMISSIONERS. -
A farmers club in town in Illinois recently
passed q resolution declaring the presenta-
fion of such bacchanalian symbols as can
delabrum, punch bowl and pair of wine
coolers to the foreign arbitrators at the Geneva
Conference to be IAN outrage against the tenn
perance sentiments of the nation and an insult
TO the distinguished gentlemen themselves"
Perhaps they think differently on the other
side of the water. We should not be much
surprised if there are few diplomats ON this
side who would not object to being 'insulted''
The New York herald., 1873-07-01
NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY JULY l. s7a-rRIPLE SHEET

by rebel bands, with her army in mutiny, and
with no properly organized government it is
difficult to conceive into what deeper depths
of misery unhappy Spain can be plunged. 1t
is not impossible. however. that darker days
are in store tor her before she sees the light
The New York herald., 1873-07-01
THE DEATH OF THE PRESIDENTS FATHER

CINCINNATI, Ohio, June 80, 1873.
President Grant arrived here early this morning,
accompanied by his private secretary General
Babcock, and proceeded at once to Covington
The funeral OF the Presidents father viii take
place at two O'Clock tomorrow afternoon. The
body will be inferred in Spring Grove Cemetery.
The New York herald., 1873-07-01
THE FISHERY INVESTIGATION.

PORTLAND, Me-, June go 1879
Professor Baird and party arrived here to-day "a
commence their investigation Of the dsherios.
Their headouartars will be at Peaks Island.
The New York herald., 1873-07-01

"WHo WILL BE THE NEXT GOVERNOR OF
VIRGINIA." is a question, according to the
Richmond Enquirer, about as difficult to an
swer now as it was two months AGO. The 9th of
Augustine time Of holding the Conservative
The New York herald., 1873-07-01
SEToED two important
TX and Brooklyn Bridge
hat private subscribers

ie y municipalities are COM
oe faithful to their contracts /; and
other the Washington Market measure,
nich he regards as indefensible, because it
disposes of most valuable tract of ground in
the busiest part of the city for the modest
Aerm of fifty years, to the exclusion of any
further improvements that may be necessary.
brooklyn pedestrians and New York con-
sumers must therefore have patience.
The New York herald., 1873-07-01

State Convention-ths same paper iarof
opinion, will settle the question. Perhaps tb<
republicans may have something to say about
that matter
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
Gbe Qairp,
TEMPERATURES IN BUTTER
MAKING.

We do not think an abundance Of running
water absolutely essential to the best results
in butter.making, if you can keep the tenn
perature of the milk room at the right point
1t is only necessary to reduce the tempera-
ture of the milk to about 70 degrees soon af-
ter it is drawn from the COW, if you eau set
it in room with a temperature of 5S or 60
degrees. Indeed, it is our impression that
surrounding milk and keeping its tempera-
ture down with cold water, while exposing
the surface to temperature varying with
the weather, is injurious to the favor and
the keeping qualities Of the butter,
The best temperature for raising cream, it
is admitted by our best butter makers, is
about sixty degrees. The variation should
not be much above or below this. At this
point We should prefer, if possible, to keep
the temperature Of the milk-room the year
round. In it we would keep the milk and
the cream until it was ready to churn. If
you 90 below this it retards the rising ofthe
cream and we think Injuries the butter. 1t is
a pretty well established fact that the best
cheese can not be made out of milk that has
gone much below 65 degrees. Below that
the sweet nutty flavor disappears. We think
that when We begin to 60 below 60 degrees,
we begin to loose the rosy smell and aro-
matte flavor of our butter. 1t may remain
sweet, but it has forever lost that delicious,
creamy taste which ia popularity of fancy
butter, and when afterward exposed to high.
er temperature, decay is more rapid because
of the chilling it had received, We would
not, therefore, If we could as well as not, let
milk 60 below GO degrees-certainly not be.
low 5S degrees.
The best temperature for churningis some-
where between go and 65 degrees about 81
or SO in summer, and 65 in winter. II you
begin churning at 60 even in room Of that
temperature, you will raise the temperature
of the cream two or three degrees in very
short time, aud increase the bulk. 1t is moi
the season alone which demands variation
in the temperature orthe cream between SUM-
mer aud winter-that you should churn it
warmer in winter and colder in summer. Ii
is true that in warm weather the tendency Of
the temperature is to rise, and in cold wealth
er to sink. But there is another reason why
higher temperature IS required in winter
than in summer. 1t is found in the compo
sitiou Of the butter. In summer, there i,
more oil and less hard fat in the butter. la
winter, the proportion of hard fat to oil is abOu
GO parts fat to 40 parts oil. In summer
this proportion is reversed, and we hAv,
about 40 parts of hard fat to 60 parts of oil
Hence, bLttcrat the same temperature is hard
er in winter than it is in summer This is o
tsef sufficient reason for ohurning at high
er temperature in winter than in summer
1t is well known that the favor Of butte
made in the summer is better than that o
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
General 99ritulture.
For the VERMONT FARMER.
A PLEA FOR THE FORESTS.
ny !. c. KENNEDY, OF TROY.
(coHfinusd.)

(C0HffHU6d.)
One Of the most important uses of forests
as regards climate is their influence in modi-
flying the hygrometric condition of the soil
and atmosphere, and in increasing the sources
aud supply of water in region. A wooded
tract preserves greater humidity in the
soil beneath and the atmosphere about than
a naked one, for many reasons. This is ow.
ing in measure to the presence in wooded
section Of the ever present concomitant,
humus or decayed vegetable matter, which
has a great affinity for water and capacity
for the absorption and retention of it. Care.
ful experiment has shown that humus and
siliceous sand possess the power of imbibaton
Of water when well dcssicated, in the ratio
of 1870 to %, and the same two substances when
well saturated with water, possess the power
Of evaporation in the proportion of about
20 to ss. Water when it falls upon naked
or a sodded soil has great tendency to flow
off to lower situations, although the tendency
is not so great on the latter as on the former.
But on wooded soils this pronenoss to flow
away is scarcely noticeable, for the water is
absorbed rapidly by the surface covering of
leaves and humus and inilterod quickly
downward through their strata, aided in
great measure by the roots OF trees which of.
ten penetrate to a great depth in the soil aud
sub-soil
Now when the sun shines clear and the
cir is somewhat devoid of moisture, naked
soils rapidly yield up their embosomed water
and soon become parched, unless another fall
Of rain soon ensues. This same effect is pro-
duced to greater or less extent in sodded
soils, according to the luxuriance of the veg
citation with which they are covered. Iu
forests, however, this action progresses very
slowly, for the covering of leaves and humus
above the soil permits the water to evapo.
rate but slowly, and it is further prevented
by the branches Of the trees, supporting a
vast expanse Of leaves which shade the soil
below in great degree, Thus it will be
seen that wooded soils, from their compost
tion and the nature of the vegetation which
they support, are inclined to absorb and re-
tain more moisture than naked one.
Still further, the roots of trees draw in Il
large quantity of water charged with the di-
verse elements which go to constitute the
sap. The surplus of this water Is afterwards
exuded from the leaves, and maintains in the
ambient medium humid atmosphere, which
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
A FEW THOUGHTS UPON FRUIT
GROWING IN VERMONT.

Much has been said through your columns
in regard to fruit growing in our Green
Mountain State And while there are many
discouragng features presented for the con-
sideration of our Vermont farmers, yet l
think our cry should be tive US more faith"
1 noticed an article in the FARMER Of
Dee. 20 by G. g. p, aud while he to GER
tain extent encourages fruit raising in our
state yet he is of the opinion that Vermont
on the whole offers but scanty inducements
to the fruit grower, | fully agree with my
friend of Charlotte until reformation takes
place among our farmers, and when that is
done my views will be very materially
changed. If it has been proved to a dem
onstration by farmers located in nearly all
parts of our state, (only now and then one,
to be sure,) that fruit can be successfully
raised, will some kind philosopher tell me
why other men, with equal care and thor
ough cultivation, may not succeed as well on
similar soil and under the same climate
For instance, if by careful attention to
business, and by a careful and choice selec-
ton of fruit adapted to the climate and the
SOIL have been successful in raising choice
fruit, and my neighbors on either side of me
have made trial in this direction and have
utterly failed of success, at once come to
khiu oopolu.in, ThaN tbnra ia a vyrono nv
listing somewhere, aud | do not think it
would require the most profound scholar
ship to solve the mystery, or to learn the se-
eret of success But if any Of my brother
farmers are anxious to learn the secret Of
utter failure, | can crafty their anxiety in
few words. In the first place, have no fore
thought in the matter, but consider a pre-
requisite unnecessary. Take just such fruit
as your nurserymen bring to your door and
urge upon you, asking no questions for con.
science sake, and if you are busy at the
time Of receiving your trees, just lay them
aside for a week or so, until you sec leis-
ure moment then dig small bole in the
earth, (no matter where, for small hole is
quicker dug than u large one.) Set your
trees, and be sure you set them with the
roots down, OF you will be III the predica'
ment of the old lady who found her beans
coming wrong end up and was obliged to re-
verse the process by pulling aud trans
planting them, which very much retarded
their progress. Let as much grass grow
around them as the nature of the soil will
support, using no hoe Or spade for fear you
will gall the bark of your trees Waste no
feed that naturally grows in your nursery,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
PACKING BUTTER FOR TRANS
P0RTATlON.

j. r. Ellsworth, Of Barre, at a meeting Of
the Massachusetts, Board of Agriculture last
year, being asked to state his mode of pack
ing and transporting the butter which be
makes to market, said-"My whole aim is to
keep it from the air. do not want any
kind of fair to reach it. If it is pure air, it
will abstract the sweet flavor it it is bad
air, il will do harm of course. cover it
from the air from the time il is salted until
it is worked. Then it is boxed as soon as it
can be- and covered. have three different
sizes of boxes. My shipping box is some.
thing like an old-fashioned tool chest, and
holds four boxes of thirty pounds each. The
shipping box is two boxes high and two box
es wide. They are the common round but
ter boxes, but the shipping box is a square
box, with handles at each end \ rod comes
up at each end, and there is thumb-screw
outside on the cover. Listing, such as comes
on the sides of cloth, is tacked around the
edge Of the box. When the cover is screwed
down the box is pretty tight. You will see
that there is vacant space between the two
boxes, something like three.squarc. had
two galvanized iron boxes three-square, or
nearly so, that Just fit into that cavity, and
these were filed with broken ice, about the
size of hens egg, The butter put in, and the
cover screwed down tight, in time to meet the
express train, and my butter gets to the
stall at halEpast eleven, AN. Two. thirds
of the ice is in the boxes, aud the butter,
have been told, is apparently as hard as
when il started"
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
PHOSPHATE.

At present South Carolina enjoys a prac.
tical commercial monopoly of the natural
phosphate deposits of the world, and the
business of phosphate digging there is rapid
ly increasing. No other species of mining
seems to afford more certain returns on the
Investments. One company mined $4,000
tons during the last year, and the produce
tOn from river deposits alone amounted to
10000 tons during the last twelve months.
II is expected that the entire product of the
State will be increased not less than 80 per
cent, during the next year. During the last
year strata of phosphate have been discov-
cred in Siberia, Austria and France, but they
are all beyond the reach ofimmediate devel-
Opement, and are not favorably situated for
the transportation of the products to a mar
ket. In all these respects the South Caroi-
ma rock deposits enjoy immense advantages.
They can be searched, decomposed and ma.
nipulated with economy and facility, and the
products can be easily and cheaply distribut-
ed, either by railroad or water trans portation.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
eUANo DEPOSIT OF PERU.

Harry Meiggs the great railroad operator
Of South America, has discovered, on the
mainland of the west coast of Peru the most
immense deposit of guano ever seen any
where. This deposit is said to extend for
many miles along the coast, and reach far
inland. The Chincha Islands have hereto.
fore been considered the richest in guano
production, but this last discovery shows con.
clusively that it is Of much better quality
and much easier to handle than the former.
Millions upon millions of tons can be dug
cheaply, and transported to all parts Of the
world at much lower figure than hereto.
fore. This valuable fertilizer will no doubt
be used much more extensively in this
country, as we'll as Europe, as the price at
which it can be furnished will place it with.
in the reach Of all.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24

feet, and this is in keeping with the same
kind of evidence in other parts of the coun-
try; for when the mountains are much below
5000 feet. the ice seems to have passed di-
rectly over them, while the few peaks rising
to that hcight are left untouched. The gla-
cier, he argues, was Gods great plow, and
when tie ice vanished from the face of the
land, it left It prepared for the hand of tho
'husbandman.
The hard surface Of the rocks was ground
to powder, the elements Of the soil were
mingled in fair proportions, granite was car
ried into lime regions, lime was mingled with
the more arid and unproductive granite dis.
tricts, and soil was prepared tit for the
agricultural uses of man. There are eviden-
ces all over the polar regions to show that at
one period the heat Of the tropics extended
all over the globe. The ice period is sup
posed to be long subsequent to this, and next
to the last before the advent of man.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24

Some Of the Southern farmers are getting
the key to the true spirit Of Agricultural
improvement. The better class of these
planters are of the thinking and reasoning
sort. Necessity is forcing them to couclu-
sions which are worthy Of a wide circulation.
For instance, correspondent of the Georgia
Plantation says:
To enable the farmer to buy less and sell
more, let him put three acres of land on the
identical same spot where he now has but
one, with spade, or four.horse pow. A
German or Englishman would do il the first
year. Did not a man (Englishman) near
Athens, sell fourteen hundred dollars worth
from less than three acres? He did II by
piling four acres on one.
The example of one man goes far in the
education Of the people. A man buys three
acres Of land instead of fifty and makes them
produce more than the fifty would by ordi-
nary culture. What does he save? He
saves the money he would have invested in
the iorty-seven acres. Suppose he pays, or
agrees to pay, $40 per acre for fifty acres
it amounts to 1000. Instead he buys say
five acres, for which he pays say $50 per
acre, or $3.50. He has cash capital left of
$780, which he can make available and act.
i've. He may not have the capital to work
the fifty acres as he would the five. Few
men have. But by the use of his reserved
capital he makes his five acres produce as
much as twenty acres OF his fifty and few
farmers with fifty acres cultivate more than
twenty-threc, unless near large cities; even
then they cannot do ii well without large
cash capital. With the five acres and the
SShO capital a man may secure all the tools,
manures and labor that may proftaby be
employed on five acres. Every thing is utl-
lied. There is no dead capital. Every dol.
lar as it is turned over produces another.
Every crop is under coutroI. The ground
can be prepared for the seed as and when it
ought to be- the crops can be cultivated and
harvested when aud 10 they ought to be.
Out Of the investment cone returns which
bring to the farmer the maximum profit.
There are circumstances and conditions
where this policy does not seem to be the
specially in locations where land is
rising in value or where il will rise in value
in proportion to every dollar expended upon
1t for improvements Then the farmer may
reap more profits from his investment in fifty
acres than in five. But on lands which have
reached their maximum value it is folly to
spend the bulk of ones capital in them and
cripple his resources for rendering them pro-
ductive. AS a rule, We think, two-thirds of
farmers cash capital should be reserved
for use on land purchased with the other
third.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-01-24
A CONTINENT COVERED WITH
ICE.

Prof Agassis comes to the conclusion that
the continent of North America was once
covered with ice mile in thickness, thereby
agreeing with Prof. Hitchcock and other
eminent geological writers concerning the
glacial period. In proof of this conclusion,
he says that the slopes of the Allegheny
range Of the mountains are glacier.wOrn to
the very top, except few points which we're
above the level of the icy mass. Mount
Washington, for instance, is over 5000 feet
high, and the rough unpublished surface of its
summit, covered with loose fragments, just
below th1lovel Of which glacier.marks come
to an end, tells that it lifted its head alone
above the desOlate waste of ice aud snow.
In this region, then, the thickness of the
ice cannot have been much less than 5000