, 1873-11-09

tnroughone tho island thore ia telegraph
oihoe, Thcao stations aro atookadea, or forts,
supplied with plenty Of arms md ammunition.
Iho railroad syhtom connects most OF them with
tlo Capital, whore largo resorye body Of tho
police arc 1uartorod and kept for special aor-
Vieo, to DO sont by o1lrosB-train, in companies
graphic summons. This force Of %, ODD man arc
forever on the watch for tho frat symptoms OF
disturbance or inaubordination among tho people,
and roady to polinco on 1t. All tho seaport
towns OF any azo Or conHeqnonco hayo gar,
and arnod forts, 80 located as to command Tho
town and harhor; and in tho llarbor itRolf will
always be found ono or moro wAr-voBHeta quietly
riding at anchor. But theHo are not all the pro-
cautions for preserving peace. The inhnbitanta
lowed to have rlfo Or other Gro.arm In bis pos.
session except by taking out n license, and pay-
ing large annual sum thorofor. Tho man and
his gun arc then registered and untohod.
by these means ireland ia kept quiet, and
TIE CoLLEoT1oN OF TIE RENT
1s regularly enforced; for, nftor all, 1t il the
collection Of tho s10o 600 900 rent that requires
and causoB the pro6ouco OF thoBo atrong forcoa
aud tho diBnr1ulng Of the people. II tho farmers
Of ireland owned tlo land thoy cultivate, and
safely DO discharged, tho eoldiory marched or
iron-clals laid up In or,dinary to rot or rust.
But It may bo asked, Why ia 1t that -
ENGLAND
whose farmers arc also teunnta and my enor-
calcu1ably rich? Tho reason ly not tif1cult to
explain. In the first place, England Is blessol
with immense deposits Of coal aud iron, and
those hayo made her q manufacturing aud COM
merclnl uatiou. Her prospority and wealth ronllv
date from the invention and lmprovomout OF tue
atoam-ongine, about century ago. The steam
power now employed in Great Britain
e1ceoda thnt Of the strongth Of all
tho horses and mon in tho world. In
the second place. the ronts paid by the British
1aotuflnR, mlhpB. pullo1nf railroads., ana IN
making improvements on tic oRtatea; and the
ronts derlVea from inc lrish 1arfnora are also e1-
pended and invested IN England, whoRe most is
thn at tue S Se1nonaa 9f el Hsar .
other
10 pLucKEp uLEAN,-
not feather being loft on tile fororn irish bird
to cover it's nakedneBs. In tho next plnco,
al tho wealth derived from tho 1ndies,
ne Colonies, aud tho commerce OF the world, ia
deposited IN England, md there used and GU
}oycd,-lroland not getting smell oil 1t. Last
y, tne 1arhs III EnElana are ton times ns large,
On an oan aVeTnge og aa teoao OF ireland: Ihefo arc
only 2ooog W M aenant-1ariners III Ehgiand; Whlch
with only S2o9n square miles, hna Too oq0 9 ten, ono
a9e-ialnels. s ahe Enengn farmers nfIe looo,ogo
q poverty-Rtricken families to holp thotn work
.net m la1n's, ahoi Mn!o tney pny niGn rents, tnoy
arc enapioa 70 ayo conIortaoly ana maize sono
proft W reason Of the great prices they obtain
LOT al tneir Prouuots rl8nt at tnelr doofH, ana
ny paying their miserable lnborora barely enough
Wages, 20 Keep them IN WORKING condition; Poor
ana lliltefAte, Gronna down ana oppressed aB ara
tho Irish peasantsy, they are not
Ae al1sEnAnLE or AB IGNORANT,
Us impecunioub Or as low-down In tho social
scale, al tho 10000 families Who arc tho hire
ling, dependent Berfs OF the English farmors.
Tho reason OF England'a wealth aud lrolands
poverty iB thus explained, and it iH seen that tho
Hamo
AcouRsEp SYSTEM OF LAND MONOPOLY
which dlstroBsos and inlpoverighoa 5000, 900 Of
aud shameful penury 100000 OF "freo-boru
DritonB:" The crushing weight of 1and-monopoly
ground in tho awcat ct their brows, md who,
therefore, aro tho rightful owners OF the soil.
While thero Is little OF no material improve
ment Eisiblo or possible, there is an
IMPROVEMENT IN EDUCATION
taking placo IN ireland. Some twonty yoars ago,
the Government established asystenl Of nationul
schools, which are attended by 800, 600 youthB.
In Catholic districts tho teaohers arc Catholic
and in Protestant districts they are Protestant;
ana. "hilo there is mucn time apont III lmpaftlng
seetarisn instruction to the children yot tho
sge without being able to road an! write, at
attendance at acadetaies and high-schoola.
hew,spapers and boGks s whiih are very ohesp
the people aro beginning to think and reflect
more for themselves than n. IN former limos. There
is no doubt oi gtaady improvement IN manners,
morals, and intelligence aud. as knowledge ia
poHorr, and ignorance is veakneBs' 80 th1g pro-
viae some means Of ,,a'nolioratinog tho material
and peuunlasy condition Of tue people. But.
until tho ohain-cablo Of land-monopoly. which
brushes them down, ii severed, it is difficult to
conceive how it can 10 done.
Tho poverty Of ireland is frequently as-
cribod to .......-....
lNrEApEnANoE
by people in America. But. while intemperance
ie always an eyil, and intonaitlos and aggravates
trouble IN that country. Iho trntn 10, that
since Father hathom Preaohed MS orhsauo
againBt whisky. there has been comparatively 1T
tlo Of it drank by tho tonantry OF Ireland. IAo
ers and loafors about the purllo.!s Of tho eltioa
a1ld towna drink all they can OF It; but, tho
farmers. aa 9 class, aro very temperate, aud 'aro
seldom sson ihto1lcated.
knf 1nr1r ginra Parliament nnnnfAf law tn