The New York herald., 1873-12-12

sll 40-and 100 miles OF the Western road were
Duilt by government subsidy and land grants. The
down on the printed tables OF the tariff or prices.
Judging from those already quoted TO san Fran-
cisco 1t Is not unfair to suppose that IL amounts 10
The charge for first class freight to Chicago per
100 pounds is 4Oc., 70 Cincinnatl s1c., and Adaas
Express rates but little above the price charged
TO emigrants Tor extra baggage.
THE EMGRANf AT CHICAGO
Chicago is the great point to which the attention
OF emigrants naturally turns. All the land grant
COMPANIES here have their agencies established ~
is the great distributing point, where they stop 10
gather information and direction for future settle
ment. There Is the same danger here from sharp
ers and selfish spectators TO be guarded against
that Castle Garden in large degree protects THEM
from in New York. IL ls also the point nom Wmcn
labor is furnished 10 the Northwest ana west.
Contractors public works OF all descriptions,
farmers, lumbermen, &c, send to agencies estab-
hshed in Chicago for labor. This demand, together
with the facility OF obtaining information as 10 SET
tement on government and other lands, combines
TO make this city wide field Tor the active super
vision and direction or an authorized and practlcal
agency national or otherwise
SUGGESTIONS TO THE LEGISLATURE
From my observations ana Investigations upon
this subject OF emigration through which the
wealth OF the country is annually so largely aug,
mented. would recommend national leglslatlon
upon the following points,
Nra-To prevent the overerowdng Of steamships and
sailing vessels and to prevent Shipping egran On nm
on these points be had through the governments
ns dhs s ens the
the @ cam h Se ~ am sr na
sengers; ~ .,o ,..,o.
care Of sick women and children such az have indi-
Third-ro provide for the punishment OF assault
outrage committed by officers or crew on the high seas
ios,a-To compel steamships carving this human sn
state within which the port OF debarkation located
FVU-That through international treaties unity OF
non should be secured between the governments oi
gard to the treatment Of emigrans Ii is only through
snch action that many OF the evils now existing can be
SiahRailroad fare should be fixed by law, and also
provided by law the more humane cattle in
Ss 20 o H
subject to the same rapacity Of railroad monopoiy With
ofhe emsrani Of railroad rates Of are and freight
practical suggestion has been made 70 me from many
seryaon and study OF this question have enabled to
o its Sody or
ical sxpsrts 10 thoroughly examine and report upon
still more tor the future, the great bulk OF
he he yng s s ESsl ss snS msn "
within the Territories oi the United States directly sub.
homes they VII be transferred chiefly BY the railroads
people, @ e, through congress in aid The deSeiopmen Of
that vast region must be long before competition can
alluded 70 IN this report, our smiEraHt @ pOpuiaton
sear nsS in
backs source OF wealth and power II X there, Ss
progress of each emigrant is made as easy
4on apa his pas his % e
be no doubt Of the power OF the legislative branch OF
quite certain that results embodied approp rate
% 81 tho mould be sn to % she sGe p
sevsaA-That National Bureau Of Emigration be
mined upon after careful ana
temporary home or rest and labor bureau whereby
home OF his selection
SUGGESTION TO TUE BUREAU OF STATISTICS.
do not know whether practical or not, but, In
addition TO the legislation suggested, ! cannot
leave the subject without referring to remedy for
the evil that grows out Of the constant influx and
stopping OF so large class OF ignorant persons in
gathering and publication, by state or national
through the Bureau OF Statis-
tics-of accurate and regular information as to
rates OF wages, cost or living, means OF reaching
different points, scarcity and abundance Of labor,
facility ol obtaining lands, either by homestead
settlement or purchase: school advantages, or
otherwise; demand for skilled as well as unskled
labor, and the Distribution OF tins Information
in simple and comprehensive form, and
furnished through our consular and other agen-
cles, especially at the ports OF embarkation and
debarkation and on ships, so that the very large
nae'e place o, settlement already determined upon
might be induced or directed in finding appro-
grafton on large scale has become an essentially
marked feature In modern civilization. This con-
tinent is at the present time the special goal Of
this remarkable movement That evils have arisen
under the rapid influx OF such populations cannot
be d0ubted-evils which, however, no one can iail
10 see would be much less and more easy to over
come by the wide distribution OF the emigrants and
the consequent assimilation with our own people
than by letting them. as heretofore has been done,
take their chances without direction other than
that which they gam from friends who have pre-
ceded them. This necessary process OF distriDu-
ton could certainly be largely aided by the sys-
tematic gathering publication and subsequent dis
trbction OF the general lacts have indicated.
cannot close this report, Mr.. Secretary, without
expressing my appreciation OF the courtesy and
consideration with which was received in my Ofii-
cial capacity by the agents OF steamship companies
and railroad officials. Every facility was given me
tion-that OF the agent OF the Hamburg line OF
steamers at southampton, England. This was
especially gratifying to me, as q woman my ap-
pointment being an innovation upon established
customs. 1t proved my mission to be well founded
in good sense and humanity. have the honor to
be, very respectfully, your obedlent servant.
HELEN NJ. BARNARD.