The workingman's advocate., 1873-12-13
Workin9iaru's Sarutate.
DETROIT AND CINCINNATI
SATURDAY. DECEMBER rs. 1873

helng shorter IN the grain, and largely ln-
pregnated with sulphur, which forblds it,
Use III the furnace iu raw stare. N how
.vtr makes a good mill coal and is well
Jdaptcd to the generation ot steam. for
.,hyh purpose 30 Is extensively used.
Those two Goals are sometimes found IN
tho same mine, both varieties being mined
at the Neathersheld Shaft At Mineral
Ridge the coal ~ every where overlald by
70 sandstone roof aud where this Is found
he t4al deteroratvs III value. The mining
ldveuturer Is alive tn this fact, and eNplor-
luuus ~ drilling are carefully and auN-
Iously watched.
va the operation &c sinking, u IS a mat
rcr III paramount Importance ID hnd the
lowest place IN the coal. This Is very
jthcult matter Going down WI q mll-
-ide leads ;o great expense. fer then the
f,W place must ~ had. or the waters ~ the
.aiue will hinder the success IA the under
taking. Even when the swamp is reached
-uc,ess Is upt vut assured. for the coal
bitches lu the directions 81 the basins
..t thc rate ut about twenty feet per mlle
Great expense Is frequently incurred an
.uttiug drairs whore the swamp dips away
rom the bottom M the excavations, but
lDgJ 1n.G Wy rl,. ,r ,,L' La ..'., % r,.rhn{ '9'
49, A. ii, .r..b -.,In,. Ii, ,a,rl,t tLst
..a money 4. soon returned furt.ld To
wv. Hwy prs,e,-ur W. \ eoaI mine. w TINY
-heuau-u ur Manuu,r1 yallev.Is tu be con-
.dcr.d a man w wealth SuU there are
.lns, ,,bn .uu,EIiu- Yr,n a small nr inf.-
iar d,p.sit hav, LIST money but f,rtu-
.s,t-r, ,,i,b .,-a. ar,. rtr- ,nd w NAV
-h-, ever be
n Is matter w much couicctur, wv
-rt..I.3I f,..u. whether rhis roal exist. to-
yards wv. ,nnrs central norton ~ tba coal
..Il Am I'M. .5,.....,...,,..s .,,j ,,,a,I,. aIi
L..,,.f.r.,,..,.. 80 L,,., 80, ,',..,I,
'' wa. Nivl'.
, .l,' III '',ii,' N '''-. u '''i', 5
.,..,...f..+..,. .+ t.'l.t.-t .'-1 ..
.L'r....,,, ,. .l,,.......,+ Il, s,,.I ,,..
..r.- ,t ,r..r.,...5 ..,,,.,,... ,.bs-. tI,..,,..
T.I. Il. VI ~
..J,.. I'LL. ....I -.,,.,.. i..-,
-
v.. .4,. .'''e 'o,T, ,'.;I''-
\....,.,.,...,,. T.,+ .I.l......l .l...r.
.bar tli, /, rreuIaturs TI,, ,,r-rrrl......,
rurr M r.Is rDal seam. tl.u,b vaI1 KNOW.
md ,atIrcaIly accounted t,r l.r..
.IiLs -he .LtI.t WV. r.-s.tir,I ..ipc, ,u5
f.is .,,,.r,,,,. hr.tL.r tl.. ...l..r.t .. t..
WY rxis-.5,.,. wy ,r.,. ..iy.i, I.raI,ty \. r,,,
.yi.t ,t. .r.iuabIa tblrLprs. ra,baf.. ,,..u
w.. ,-.-...,,i.r ,,,,,......f IT., ..., -..I..
L.T
..,...,, ..,-...,.ll ..I.,.. 80, .I- ,...,......i
.r-I..,.. III ,t... .i,...r I..;,. t.,+,+ ...-
.. lI..I. +Isr r.. 5......t v,.. ..,-.r ...,3..
.b.r. .,.4 1..t...I Y. a...,.l.. f...,,.i
..-t,,...,, ,T. ,,,,.,.,.r,. NM, ...,,. -,
r-,,+r-i .1 ,..... .. \
ertn tI,.. ...T ,,5 tflI, ..,..l,... ,,.+.. in.
-..II .t ,..,,-r.. Nv. ,...,..I ~. -. ,.''
.aue. ....r w. r.Iar.d WI, s.i.r+lt.. r....,,..t.
.r practical .l1.rI.uce
An tne c9aI W this REGION " .at by,I3tr
mining. and is raised through perrtndirY-
..rshafts. Wy inclined planes which rang,,
u duftb trpp 100 NJ ppO rarranli,,tlar
-.st rh.u.h the coal bt, bcep discovered
I,y boring at deptLs .f 2lu Il, o-l ta.t
'The most af the coal Is iisad fr the MANN
.lrtur. W iron. tbougb part .f " " not
.-tt,I fDr thI, nurttsse a. tba Mineral
Ridge coal Few. if indeed any. of III.
.tnd Owners npsrate the mines themselves
They lease ro partles who are vilIino IN
VIII I1ou,,. KY homes NJ str,Eius, coal rba
cents mira. ap,r,rousI,' bi,,b and tho f,r,,e,
~ Isnd owner bas ~ risLs ~ ,uu Tbir.
... t..+,...r ef+,. o,J .,,,. .;,.+,....,,., +.
,3n are mia for rents Tbe ,,.ne,. - ths
...aI N iba Cburcb I'm .,n,n,.,,,,..s ha,,I
..ets M, Iass tba, s}G 900 ,ar snpur, as
.,,ul rsnt 4 sur, fnr ,bi.b u. ra,-a, N.
,.st,.5 sir.,I. .I1,r b,,+ Nv. ,ra. for+,,,,a+.
,,..,.J, ", PHI, ....l ,,,,llrI,.;,,,, f,n'',
which ~ bad neither tba vili nm TIA abJ-
itv To discover and which miobt b.,. l,id
HI tbe b1som of nature for centuries y,
come had not men of means and energy
stepped forward and risked time and mn-
uev to discover the secret. The coal leases
are. in the majority Of cases. very tigbt
leases. the owner usually STIMULATING that
rent shall be uniform for ali coal Of a mi
uable thickness. The operator prosccutes
The work of extraction So LONG as he finds
he coal " sufficient height 70 pay himself
INIT the moment it becomes too thin for
his purpose he suspends work forthwith.
while hundreds and thousands of tons are
left standing. which he could afford 10 re
move Az lower rates of ROYALTY Ana this
coal * lost forever for n will navpr atanv
l,rira f,av tba cost ~ opauino ,i,. aoain
In the british coal mines. viewers ar. de-
uuted bv tie coal owners to LOOK after the
,ents 4 class IL men which ~ have not
.et aot in this country. Most men have a
horror ,f burviuo, tbe,nseIvas underground
and il oftentimes happens that neither the
and owner non even tbe c,lljerv owner
ever go through the underground excaya
tions The vast dividends made from the
hard ANA thankIess toil III the black faced
miner annear 10 satisfy both Hence in
many cases the works are carried w With
amt art witout science and with mere
rute instinct. Yet ali are willing and
raady III exclaim that mining /. nat A dan
.-arous occupatiou
Tnwards IL one and 4 third million tons
If coal we're raised from the miners Of the