Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1873-02-07

" permit me 10 alude to two of them Ev-
cry farmer, no matter how small his means,
owes II 10 himself, his family, and the COM
munity, 10 make his home surroundings
of money, and with only small amount Of
time, and u little care and attention, we may
make our homes IN few years, no matter
how plain they may be, u constant enjoyment
to our families, and pleasure TO every pass
er-by. IL ought to be n sufficient cause for
Punishment to some unsettled wilderness for
every owner of farm who neglects to do this
The other matter to which wish to allude
Is the planting of trees on our bleak and bar
rem Hill sides. There are thousands of acres
of land in Vermont that are fenced and used
for pastures, and do not produce feed enough
to pay for fencing, every acre of which may
DC made valuable by u small outlay In plant
ing trees. This is no mere theory of mine :
the work has been begun within my own
knowledge with eminent success
These are the things we have to do to
improve our stock; to increase the quantity
and quality of our products; to make all our
productive land vastly more productive; to
cover all our barren and unproductive land
with growing timber, and to make of every
farmers residence n pleasant and agreeable
home; enough to engage tile attention and
labOrs OF State Boards, of Agricultural Soci-
cites and Farmers Clubs, and first of all.
and more than all, enough to enlist and en-
gage the best energies, the ambition and the
pride of every individual farmer.
Mr.. Douglass, of Whiting, then read his
valuable practical paper on Butter Max
ing" The reading was interrupted by the
arrival OF the dinner hour, and was complet-
cd in the
Afternoon Session.
Mr.. Jameson, Of Irasburgh, thought there
was to be as great revolution in butter
making in this State as there has occurred in
the manufacture of maple sugar, in the intro.
duction Of improved apparatus and better
methods of doing the work. He then refer.
red to and briefly explained the latest i'm.
provements in setting milk, alluding to the
peculiarities of "Jcwett pans, "Smith u
pans, the Orange County system, advocated
by Mr.. Douglass, &c. Believed the latter
plan was best adapted to general use, and
likely to be most universally adopted in this
state. There is royalty or patent on all
the others, costing considerable and offering
no corresponding benefit. No other system
is so well adapted to the varying yields o.
milk at different seasons. 1t works as vel
with one pail of milk in the vat as with Q
vat full, which is not the case with the Other
systems. Thought it remarkable, notwith
standing the fact that these inventions are {
great saving of labor to women, yet our dai
rywomen have not been the inventors, moi
suggested any valuable improvements.
Mr.. Wood, of Pomfret, asked why mill
sours quicker in shallow pans at the SAINT
temperature. Mr.. Douglass said it was ow
ing to greater exposure to the air. In an
swer to another question Mr.. ID. said deeI
setting would never succeed without water
If water caunot be used, the old pans Civ
the best results. A quick removal of thu
animal heat and a uniform temperature o
about 90 . are essential to secure the com
pete separation of the cream from the milk
when deeply set.
Mr.. Douglass stated his objections Il
churning all the milk, the chief OF which ar
the great amount Of power required to ruI
the churn and less uniform and poore
quality of butter, on account of an imperfec
separation of the buttermilk. Mr.. ID. though
that with dairy of about % cows he ha
received an advantage by this system owe
the old way of not less than $500 year 70
the past three years. Not only is labo
saved, but the butter is much more uniform
keeps better and brings much better price
Mr.. Phelps, of Sharon, asked whether Mr.
Douglass kept brine in his tubs of butter
Mr.. Douglass said he did not, but did no
object to brine on any other ground than tina
it had a tendency to cause the tubs to burs
their hoops and leak. Mr.. Phelps inquiries
if particular soils, climate, localities, water
&C.. affected the marketable characteristic
OF butter to a great degree. MIR. Douglas
thought they made very material differ
ence, and particularly the water. Pure wa
ter for the cows is absolutely essential t
good butter. Feed is only secondary to wa
ter sweet grass of suitable species and va
rieties both for hay and pasturage.
Mr.. Newcome, Of Fairlee, recognized MI
Douglass as practical man, and wanted ad
vice about the best kind Of grass, and tn
quantity of salt that should be allowed t
COWS. Believed Mr.. Douglass objections
ash tubs well taken, and wanted to knov
about hemlock as a material for tubs.
Mr.. Douglass thought June grass, or Ker
lucky blue grass, the best pasture grass; bu
thought a variety OF species very desirable
white clover not least. In regard to salt,
kept always before cows or sheep they wi
not take too much, but when OCCASIONAL
given, care should be used. Had no exper
ence with hemlock tubs, but has heard theI
highly spoken of. Ash tubs mould badly
and impart bad taste to the butter. Bu
Western ash seems to make better tubs
perhaps a difference may be found in Vel
mont ash. Oak keeps butter WELL but il
lures the color of the butter next the tub
does not affect the flavor.
Mr.. Tinkham, of Pomfret, thought rive
ash made better tubs than sawn the latte
are cut across the grain, and consequent
more porous. All tubs must be thorough
saturated with brine before being use'
White hemlock makes the sweetest kind {
tubs. Cattle on the sea-shore will not touC
salt, but in the interior must have it. H
prefers the large blocks of rock salt, as Il
cattle get enough by licking, but cann'
waste it.