, 1873-03-13

\. pink'a plumnot. THO experience OF tloso who
| borod tho woll ut tho Northwestern. Dlatil-
lory was similar. A Aropo was drawn Violently in
raid out indefinitely II It itad not boon With
eonneetcd With thia department of tho anbJoot.
That they aro not nors M, ntr,or9no ard sgel
bo1od. IN a merely, mechanical manner, for.
SspSsts d. n,ssss o benefit s,s,o ssens Il
stap sSnS nsesssso penoons enc a. oy
occurred. Thoro Ia no doubt that tlio various
strata Of tho rocks thnt'lio IT, geologic ordor be:
meath the city nro honoFcomb by tho action Of
these, whero there aro openings, mud along >
their surface, where .tlloy aro smooth md I'M
pormoablo, flow the nubtorraucan ytroans which '
pupnly our wolla with wator, aometimes falling
| in cnncadcH, HunosiInoB standing in pools mud
| inIctu, 'Ho1notines dvergtng into sccrot roser-
yoirs; md at otllors sweeping, onward with Q
l broatl, deep, md steady current. Tho levol OF
the stratum wllio1, forms tho bod Of tho main
| supply Is evorywl,oro at nearly tho Haula depth
! below tho surface. Wc1lB Runl here ind =
tlcru str'1so tho wator at ono point, or at n1nuy
pointe in their doaccnt, undor tho various con-
ditonu specified Aonco tho diversity Of the pl,o-
| noiaena. -
! WHERE DOES THE WATER COME FROM 2.
"Wlero DO our wella derive tlloir eupply?' ta
satisfactory manner. It cortatuly cannot bo def
nftoly responded to In popular article Of this
description. State geological reporta and othez .
eosso see e
It is generally agreed that tho principal supply
comes comes from 1 below etrntum Of porous aand@
respond1 with Gthe scientific nomenclature
Of tho rock, or with what outcrqp il
T. CONNECTED at distant gointa, seems not yotto
a wt M9rths1 nnaea
tho PotBdam sandstone, tho Oldest sandstone :
known to acionco. md which lies directly over
the primitive formations; ;Tlle ontiro bed Of
stone, 30 that tho wator might. como from that
vicinity, IT thero woro any dip In this direction,
or oven from beyond Il. Il iu also said to corre-
: crops e8tenaiyoly In tho rogion Of st. Paul and
along tho Mnnoaota nivor. Tho water might
come from that direction If tho inclna-
ton Of tho strata favored ,,ita .aow..
There jB, however, an axis OF disturbances.
which crosaos tho stato limo IN Stephenson
County, tho Rock Rver:at Grand La Tour, and
tho Illinois River ut Split Rock, but exactly how
that would interfere with tho tlow Of water from
st.. Paul to this point Prof. Worthon, from
whom we obtain tho information, does not cara
to inform ,1s. It Is probably true that axes Of
disturbance arc not bucb Borious impediments to
tile aow Of water underground as they would bo
; ut the Burfnce. But oven at the Hurfaco rlvera
i follow mountain 'ol1alns for hundreds Of miles,
na pa hfo e %sogg gag of or o2 penng d
T comes from 800 fcot below tho Niagara series Of
linaestoues, so TINT the la1o, which seen,s Buok
) an important consideration at tho aurfaco mood
not be taken into tho account. Many intolligenl
gontlomen Of tho city think that al tho watoI
] brought to the surface horo comes from nd
Q point beyond the edge Of tho basin which has
whilo still others, whose opinions entitled I'd
!, respect, believe that :Bome Of The Wisconsin,
lakcs are the aonrce OF supply. II is snid that
some Of the >akes are gradually Disappearing
t ouH outlet, or because tho rainfall by which they
!, are roplenialed has beea, light during receue
We eanHot not say t T. not necessary o
any QUO Of thoso SOURCES a1ono whore there ara
I 80 many axes Of disturbances as are known to-
i e1ist throughoat the Northwest, such. q
i precision. Tho water from tho basin in which
= Chicago, Is Immediately placed may trckle
down through the intervening gtrata, lnito with
hon the waa @ ts and
: itmay approach tho region Of tho city in the
J. higher strata, and be- sooner ronchod and loosod
t. from its priaon-house In boring. :
:. WILL TIE SUPPLY CONTINUED
a This Is tho most important question Of all,
and its solation hinges H entirely o. the points
our own eleunM,eoEibcd T. bnsin, our aqueous re-
d Of Brtinl1 America and Minnesota, ne can 60
2 on boring wells until tho ond Of timo without
: danger OF exlausting tho supply The head -ot
ls ished as tho number has inoroased. The alarm
e in Chicago has been caused >ty. failure of the
70 rater to rise TO tho game height above the leyal
Is Of tho ground az at llrst and dminuion Of the
70 discharge in special cases:. Tho larger stoch
o' Yards well has been about three years IN opera.
10 tion and has falon or in quantity from 600 O0(
gallons tdsyto 53s o 5Ssa
N arc not flowing more than half the original yol
q unne. J. Y Farweu 4 Co. swell lH said fo have
10 lost considerable earl; hGSa although ts:is
g. been applied 1t one Of tue hyarants, and not 81
oe the mouth Of tho bore. Our >lata in regard tc
Of thus point age limited hut & -Me hare. collected !.
seh or
50 the contrary, it mny be atated that VIM. g. Hnls
ts G;oo's, weil haa been flowing many months
Y md not the slightest dtinaten il Pe5eeptible
It. not been long flowing. Mr. ,scananon's vol
r. flows a full and; steady stream through !,
q GX-inch bore, which would ;seen1 to- contra
ss faus III aoo thhe he ss saes's el
N tey iU dc do not aeet aolls 1t tfe i ars
5 II xe ef e S bafs a i; hot aoE
#: tas only Psrocoeds fapidlY Thofe an
Or largo amount ot mineral matter is held in aolti
%. caugcs hayo been. mentioned in tho! course Q
M this article, such the filling up Of theborol u
no. tho Gazing in Of tho sidep, aud tho collection
Or. I foreign material ut tho bottom. It would up
Il. pear that tho questlono Of tho=1ecreaso Of ii,
lor wnter III particular instances eau never be eu
to tirely deoilel Until the wells affected are tebte
ia from tho top to tho bottom. ETou if one No
!a., SHOULD entirely cease, to toC, it would nS q;
at rncCssari1y follow TINT tho owucra Of other vel!
,pt: should bo alarmed Thoro Is still good doal o
I'M uncertainty about what Is going on down in th
sro earth third Of mic beneath hs, and ono we
Ills might possibly be affected by caanes, not tcLlct
IND In any manner tho supply Of water TINT find
its way to tho ~s,1rfaco through Others 1t
IT, pleasant to porceiyo TINT comparatively few pei
'l9 illo share n the alarm in. regard to artoBia
Of waiin aud that vlghtn t4s uoxt eighteen month
in the humber III and about tho city il likely to
ca, doubled.
~ SUMMARY.
70 Tho following is D List Of all the wells In oPt
~ ~ rniou and In iulI1oliato prospect, with tapl
IGN latcd statement Of t4oir various points OF II
ABB tc'tet: > e,,s u,
Qm. - lvs+a born3 De,,th III
| n | 9i1 u