davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press., 1873-02-14
MARINE NEWS.
Port OF PORTLAND.
Thursday, Feb. Is.

A Thursday, Feb. 13.
ARRIVED.
Steamer Carlotta, Mulligan, Halifax, NS,-passen-
gers and mdse to John Porte0us.
Brig Frontier, Morgan, Savannah-hard pine 10
Curtis & Davis
IS Sch Howard, Br) Howard, Providence, to load
Sch Convoy, Balcolm, Boston.
:. Sch Geo CALHOUN. (Br) Price, St John, NB-57,oo
Sch Ranger. OBJ Clark, PennAeld, NB-0O, 900 her.
Sch Benz Reed, Adams, Boothbay, to lood for Cuba.
d sen deborah Jones, Durham, from Wnterport for
Sch Emma Hotchkiss Alley, winterport for Boston
sen Chris Loaser, Durham, Winterport for Boston.
sen Martha Weeks. White, Belfast for Salem.
CLEARED.
Steamship Hibenian, (Br) Watts, Baltimors-H
:, Steamer Chesapeake Mangum, New York-Henry
r, Brig Minnie Miller, Leland, Matanzas-George
Sch II W Foster. Rich, Baltimore Emery g. Fox.
man.
s \; Mary Chase; schs F Lowell,
H w Foster, and others.
IRON OUR CORRESPONDENT
CRANBERRY ISLES. Feb Oar, schs fremont.
Squirting, Bath; Sunbeam, Bunker, from Boston for
Sch fremont dragged her anchors and went ashore
at .bis place morning of the 10th and is somewhat
strained and chafed. Amount Of damage could not
be ascertained, as she was covered with ice.
MEMORANDA.
Sch Chas Kelley. Haskell master, which drove
ashore at Aspinwa in the recent hurricane had her
bottom badly stove on the rocks and has become q
total wreck. Materials saved. The vessel registered
2i5 TONS built at Calais in 1867 and hailed from
Boston. ts5tt
Sch Maria Frye, Bunker, from Baltimore for
Charleston, which beached at Smiths Island NJ,
10th inst for the purpose of stopping bad leak took
fire end was burned to the waters edge the 18th.
Nhn frn hxyf ho linz fIaef
The vessel registered 1914 tons, built in 1870 at
Perry, where she was owned.
The Portland daily press., 1873-02-14

solemn declarations of his colleagues. Of
course the House instantly relents in such
cases. and gives all that the Northern gods
aemand. There is more ''push' in the little
nnger OF the least Of the Aroostook Titans
tnan IN the whole body of scion of the
ehete, over civilized houses of York and Cum
berland The "Penobscot fellows" approxi-
mate to the rugged vigor of the sons of
Aroostook, but they can never quite reach
the perfection of their model
The Portland daily press., 1873-02-14

Casco Brewery,
No. = Fore Street, Opposite Port
land Co.'S Works.
PATRICK McGLINCHY Prop,
da1Q fin
The Portland daily press., 1873-02-14

A NY person wishing employment can soo,,u. -.
IA pleasant and profitable Business. by sncIoss,,
three cent postage stamp and ADDRESSING e'o'i's
feolSdlms A.SWETTSlR & CO., Portland No
The Portland daily press., 1873-02-14

SPOKEN.
Feb lat 80, Ion Go, ship Gilchrst, from Savar:
nah for Liverpool.
Feb 9, off Chincoteague, sch Edw Rich (or waite)
from Cuba for New York.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
SEASONADLE ADVICE
TO SUFFER Err 9 F!
DIR. TIL o M AS,
DOCTOR OF MEDICINE, PHYSICIAN SURGEON,
COL Kearney Street, cor. Of Sacramento,
up stairs,
rAA+HH So ~ uHp a LrnWc1n,
SAN FRANCISCO!

May be privately and confdentally consulted,
either personally or by letter, for the cure Of
diseases of the Generative Organs, Nervous
Debility sIefmatorrhGa or Seminal Weak
nesB, Syphilis Gonorrhma. Structure OF the
Ufethfa and Gleet, or resulting from yontbful
indiscretion, or other predsposing causog. J.,
DIR. THOMAS advertlses with the view OF
informing sufferers where they may consult a
syillful medical mNn who can give them proof
OF having passed through such course OF pro-
fesslonal staldes and examinations as to enti-
tie him to the fullest confidence.
Spermatorrhma or SeDinal Debility. AS OF
all diseases of the htifhah system, this is the
most to be guarded against so, II Onco con-
tracted; should It's treatment be most judicious.
The relationship, or relatile dependency exist,
nerves and the provocative organs Is such as to
require on the part OF the physician an init.
mate knowledge OF their anatomlcei and
physical structure, for when once the laws Of
nature have been violated, the beautiful bal
ance which naturally exists between the ner-
vous and muscular system is overthrown, and
vitiated condition Of the mind and body dis
both nervous and physical, from which tho pa
tlent can only hope TO be permanently cured
by the scientific research OF the true physiolo-
glst.
DIR. THOMAS strongly advises those suffer
ing from the above diseases to place themselves
under his professional care at once, and assures
| them that his treatment Is uniformly success
full and patients who have lost every hope may
resort to him with the full assurance OF rapid
and permanent recovery.
| DIR THOMAS European and Colonial expe-
rlence has extended over twenty-five years.
He studied at the Westminster Hospital and
ST. George Medical school londoni pnd was
formerly surgeon TO the South West London
Hospital.
Examinations passed by DR.. Thomas. Mem
ber OF the Royal CQlleg9 of Surgeons, England,
1859; Licentiate OF Che Royal College of Physi-
clans England, 1854 Licentiate in Midwifery
Royal College Of Surgeons, England, 1854 =
Doctor Of Medicine University OF Glessen,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
Jefferson, Aug. 18th, 1878,
..rHE FoRKs.n

ScIo, Aug, II, 1873.
Editor Democrat
Another decade has past. Time hath
rolled her ample rounds and the period
has arrived for your readers to hear
from the "Gem of the Valley" again.
Our streets present lively appearance
this morning, Harvesting is in full
blast. Threshing Machines are NOV
ing through the streets; men are hur-
rying to and fro, bringing all their en-
ergies to bear to push the work for
ward. The heaviest crop of grain that
has been raised for years is now being
harvested. Business is improving in
Scio, and we predict that this fall bust
ness will be good. Notwithstanding
the prospects are flattering, there is a
gloom hanging over our city, caused
by the unexpected announcement that
our Attorney at Law is soon to leave
us for the sunny and more genial CLINE
of California, where wider and more
ample field will be open for the en-
ployment of his fine talent, Sadness
is more plainly depicted on the coun-
tenance of the "justice' than any one
else, because of mutual admiration
existing between him and the Attor-
ney. 1t is hard to give him up; one SO
gifted, yet we yield with christian
meekness and exclaim in the language
of the Poet: "Amen, SO mote it be-
Most prominent among the improve
ments going on in our City is the cree
tion, by Irvine & Norris, Of a large
and cOmmodious Hog College, neal
their Grist Mill, where the young
swine are to be cared for and prepared
for further usefulness. The question
now agitating the public minds in this
community is, "who shall be our next
Representatives? AS to who the
"coming man" will be, we dare moi
predict, but meanwhile will watch and
pray, and keep sharp lookout for Q
chance to do service for some one, OF
do dirt fer some one else.
Yours in hope of prosperous fu-
ture. BLACKBURN.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
SPECIAL NOTICES.
Tho Career ~ n Great RSnedt,


Twenty summers have elapsed since 1t was
briefly announced that new vegetable tonic
and Alternative, bearing the name OF Hostetter's
Stomach Bitters, had been added to the list Of
preventive and restorative medicines. The
modest advertisement which invited attention
to the preparation stated that IL had been used
with great success in private practice as a cure
for dyspepsia, bilious complaints, constipation
and intermittent fever. It was soon discovered
that the article possessed extraordinary prop
eries, The people, of every class, tested It's
mefits as tonic, stimulant, corrective and re-
storative, and found that its effects more than
fulfilled their hopes and expectations. From
that time to the present its course has been
upward and onward, and II stands to-day at
the bead Of all medicines OF its class, AmeEl
can or imported, in the magnitude OF It's sales
and lis reputation as a safe, agreeable and po.
tent invlgOrant and restorative. For languor
and debility, lack of appetite and gastric dis
turbances so common during the summer
months It is so absolutely infallible. Indiges-
ton bilious disorders, constipation, nervous
ness periodical fevers, and all the ordinary
complaints generated by Vltlated and humid
atmosphere, vanish under Its renoyating and
regulating influence. This fs its record,
avOuched by volumes OF intelligent testimony,
extending over a, period of a fifth Of centdfy,
and com pretending the names of thousands
of we'll known citizens belonging TO every
class and calling In Europe II is thought a
great thing to obtain the patronage OF royalty
| for "patent medicine" but Hostetter's Bitters
has been spontaneously approved by millions
of independent soyereigns, and Its patent CON
| sists In their endorsement n
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

BRIEF TA1lEoR A LONG JOURNEY
We intended telling our readers some-
thing about our recent trip to the Cas-
cade Mountains and Fish Lake, but
after overhauling Sdf log-book Of The
Journey we find the taeratlve would
be too nlonotonous for this age Of nOv-
city and variety. Our party met with
no accident, had no hSir-bfeadth scapes
and knevsno narrowing sorrows. suf-
flee to say the road was eXcelleht, game
and fish plentiful, and tAe soda water
as execrable as the SouTest old maid
could desire. Other attractions were
fully up to our expectations. It is q
good trip for pleasure, heaIkh and dirt,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

Patients residing In any part of the country,
however distant, who may desire the opinion
and advice of DIR. Doherty in their respective
cases, and who think proper to submit viii
ten statement Of such, in preference to holding
personal interview, are respectfully assured
that their communications will be held most
sacred. The Doctor is regular graduate and
may be consulted with every confidence.
II the case be fully and candidly described,
personal communication will be Unnecessary,
as instructions for diet regimen, and the gem
eral treatment Of the case Including the reme-
desl, will be forwarded without delay, and in
such manner as to convey no idea Of tho
purport Of the letter or parcel so transmitted.- -
Should your condition require immediate at
tention, send ten dollars in coin Tor that vnlue
In currencyl by mail, or Wells Fargo y 60, 8
Express, and package of medicine will be
sent to your address with the necessary instruc-
tlons for use. Consultation byletter or other
wise, FREE. Permanent cure guaranteed OF no
pay.
Address, w. X. DOHERTY, M. D.,
San Francisco, Cal.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
weekly PRIoEs CURRENT

bl " hhhFbR ~. w
Wrs A
Following arc the prices paid for produce. and
the prices at which other articles arc selling in
this market
WHEAT--W p bushel 65.
0ATS-T9 bushel, 37l cts,
P0TAT0ES-79 bushel, 5 30.
ONI0NS--S9 bushel, 81 al 90,
FL0UR-19 Dbl, SO so.
BEANS-White, ID ib, 4@5 cts.
DRIED FRUIT-Apples, % h, 6 cents
Peaches, p 10, 16s cts; Plums, 59 b, l6o.
Cnuants, ~ b, 1Oc,
BUTTER--R b, fresh roll l2@ l6c,1f III
EGGS-51 dozen, 20 cts.
q CHICKENS--79 dozen, SO 40. U e u
SUGAR cFssbed, " ID, 40 ctss 8daad, ~
Yb,$il@l3 cts.j San Francisco Refined
10 h, 1S4 cts.
TEA-Ayoung Tyson, n n, 81 5Oj japan
p n, 75c@$1 09j Black, 70 10, 75c@A 90
COFFEB-9 fb, 2S(925 cents.
sALT-R ID, I4@3 cts.
SYRUP-Heavy Golden, ID keg, 81 so.
Ex. Heavy Golden, f3 gall, 81 20.
BAcON--Hpms, % ID, l2ctsj sideq, Sets
Shoulders, Tets.
LARD--In tins ID b, II cts; in kegs, 1Octs
0IIi-Devoe's Kerosene, II gallon, IS eta
- can, 5 gall, 50 90 Linseed Oil, raw, q
gall, 81 25j Linseed OH boiled, Y gall
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
QUE LETTER Rnx.
A JnrrnnsoNrAN LuonnnArIn nN.

Editor Democrat:
l'erhaps q few brief items from Jeff
erson would not be unintelesling to
manyof your readers. Having lately
returned to Oregon, after a sSjourn Of
several years in California, where 1t
never rains to speak Of, awake 70 the
consciousness that
MY WEBS,
which In early youth were extremely
promising, have become utterly unfit
for service, and I find 1t impossible to
navigate with the same ease as other
semi-aquatlc bipeds. However hope
soon to become climated.
Not having such transcendant
power Of description as the lubricous
Alpha, we, perforce, must fail in the
description Of scenery hereabouts.-
Jefferson, nevertheless, is as beautiful
and thriving little village as any 1
have visited in Oregon, and consider
ing the extraordinary
HARD TIMES,
farmers harvesting, ETC., our business
men are doing very brisk business.
Crops never promised better Fruit
Of all kinds will soon be abundant.
Wm. Smith showed me a limb cut
from an apple tree few days ago
which beat anything of the kind I
ever saw, It being about four feet long
and literally covered with the fruit,
reminding me forclbly Of the grape
vines of Southern California
"Where the grapes are most luscious,
Where laden long branches bend double with
gold"
/ notice the apple orchards are gener-
ally neglected.
Speaking Of hard times, have been
at loss to account for the dormant
state of affairs at present. 1t seems to
me that Oregon is E
RICH IN RESOURCES;
that her people have every facility for
acquiring Wealth' merely ny using d
little industry and foresight. AS it is,
all the available cash that is realized
by the farmer for his produce is given
to the merchants, and sent out OF the
country to procure articles that could
be manufactured mere.
Just now we nave nothing partllcu-
larly interesting IN the way OF
AMoSIMENie'
occasionally some uilapl.'aeeu ioouiuni 'lp Il
proposes 10 nave a "Sociaole," Whlcn
1S rgrolV IL ever CO1Suml0ateu, on -aC-
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

low as arc consistent with hondrabls
dealing and fair profit. Sacks in any
required number will be furnished on
fair and equitable conditions. For
particulars inquire at the warehouse or
at the store of A. Wheeler n Co.
For seven long years have we showed
the quill for the DEMOCRAT, and yet
the world is still wicked and people
still persist in taking back pay. In
this melancholy view of the situation
it is barely possible that we will be
pardoned for expressing o Willingness
to take hack pay also-from those
owing us on subscription.
J. r.. Mcclure has shown us some
specimen heads of Chilli Club Fall
wheat, raised from spring sowing,
which is remarkable for the fullness of
head and plumpness of grain. Mr.. L.
Maxwell, also of this county, has plac-
ed upon our table some rare specimens
Of Australian wheat Of which his
son-In-law, Mr.. Smith, has this year
raised about 80 acres.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

When a female Is enervated. or afflicted With
disease, as weakness of the back and limbss
pain In the head, dimness OF sight, loss Uf
muscular power, palpitation OF the heart irrl-
liability, Nervousness, extreme urinary difficult
tieS, arrangement Of digestive functions, gem
erai debility, vaginitis, all diseases Of the
womb hysteria, sterilty, and all other disea-
ses peculiar to females she should 90 or write
al once t5 the celebrated female doctor w, X.
Doherty, at his Medical Institute and consult
him about her troQbles and disease. THE Doc
tor is effectlng more cures than any other n,lys-
iclan in the State of California. Let no fAlSe
delcacy prevent you, but apply immediately
and save yourself IRON, painful sutferings ant
premature death. All Married Ladies whose
delicate health or other circumstances Itt.rsA1t
an Increase In their families, should write or
cali at DIR. w. X Doherty's Medical Institute.
and they will receive every possible relief and
help.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

How SHORT HORN BEEF PAYs-The "Mich-
igan Farmer" notices a lot Of thoroughbred
and grade Short-Horns purchased by the pro-
prietor, VIM. Smith, for the Marine Market,
Detroit, from the farm OF Messrs. Curtis &
Sons, Hillsdale county. Four two'year old
thoroughbred Short Horns, Weighing respect
lively 1880 lbs. 1850 ibs 1890 lbs, and Iolo fbs
the first two being heifers. A grade heifer
weighed l,475 lbs. The total weight of these
five anlmals-was OILS lbs. They were worth 7c
per h., or $63S. Scrub steers at the same age
would have averaged not over 900 lbs, and
could not have been sold for more than &c pei
h., and five of them would have brought 1925
This is where the profit comes in on raising thu
best cattle for beef ll
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
THE FLEMING MONUMENT FUND.
OREGON Cry, Aug, II, 1879

OREGON CITY, Aug, II, 1878.
Gen. N. " Brown,
DEAR SIR:-Allow me to thank you
and the printers of your city for their
generous contribution to the "Fleming
Monument Fund" The sum contrib
uted was $3.50. To your city is due
the honor Of being the first to respond
to the call for this deserving object
and l feel truly thankful to You fol
having acted so promptly and gener
Susly in the matter. o-
,s14 Yours truly, y a'1
A NOITNER
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

DIR. Doherty has Just published an important
pamphlet embodylng his own views and eNpe-
riences in relation To Impotence or Viriity. be-
ing a short treatise on Spermatorrhma or Som
innl Weakness, Nervous and Physical Debility
consequentO on this affection, and other disea-
ses Of tho Sexual Organs.
This little work contains Information 81 tlI8
utmost value toall, whether married or single,
and will be sent FREE by mail on receipt OF
slx cents in postage stnnps for return pustage
Address. W. X. IOHERTl, ". %
y8n8Btf, San Francesca, Cal.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
TO THE AFFLTCTED.


TAR. w. X. DOHERTY RETURNS HIS SIN !.
II cere thanks to his numerous patients for
their patronage, and woild take this oppnrtu-
nifty to remind them that he continues TO con-
suit at his Institute for the cure of chronic dis
eases Of the Lungs, Liver, Kidneys, Digestive
and Genito- Urinary Organs, and all private
diseases, viz Syphilis in all its forms and sta
ges Seminal Weakness, and all the horrd con-
sequences Of selflahuse, Gonorrhoa, Gleet,
Structures, Nocturnal and Diurnal emissions.
Sexual Debility, Diseases Of the Back and
Loins, Inflammation Of the Bladder and Kid.
neys, ETC., etc., and he hopes that his long ex-
perlence and successful practice will continue
TO insure him share of public patronage. BY
the practice of many years In Europe and the
United States, he is enabled to apply the most
efficient and successful remedies against dis
eases OF all kinds. He cures without mercury,
charges moderate, treats his patients in q cor
rect and ]r6Dorablesway, and has references OF
unquestionable veraeity from men OF known
respectthility and high standing in society,"
All parties consulting him by letter or other
wise, will receive the best and gentlest treat
ment, and implicit secrecy.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

ATTENTION, FARMERS. --All farmers
in this community having grain to
store or sell will find it to their advan-
tage to call on Westlake & Howell be-
fore completing their arrangements fol
storing.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

FLAX SEED.-The new firm Of West
lake& Howell, advertise in to-day's
paper, that they will pay the highest
cash price for all fax seed delivered al
their new warehouse in this city. Fol-
any further information on the subject
apply at their warehouse.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
ADVERTISE ENTs.
MULES FOR SALE.

TWVHE UNDERSIGNED OFFERSEOR SALE
n one span OF fine large raues, ny hands
high. Also another fine span Of 4,year-old
mules, l5k hands high, Also cne young and
leave the country / will sell these animals
cheap for cash, and Will wait for the money
until the lst OF October
n5ltf. w. l.. YANTlS.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

WANTED. Westlake & Howell
want the farmers of this vicinity to
know that they want to buy, or store
at their warehouse in this city, 100000
bushels Of oats and barley,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

PERsoNAL.-Hon. L. Fleischper, our
worthy State Treasurer, arrived in this
city last Friday and spent one day
among his many friends in this COM
mnnity. While in the city he favored
this office with call.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

To FARMERs.-All persons engaged
in threshing, and wanting to procure
the best kind of metal to fill the box
ing of their machines, can get any
quantity of old type at this office cheap
for cash. \
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

RETURNINa.-We see by the pass
enger list of the steamer "Qrlfiamme,"
which sailed from San Francisco fol-
Portland last Saturday, that our fel-
low-citizens, DIR. Edward r. Geary
and Martin Luper, are on their way to
this CITY,
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

Lung trouble must be treated At once. Neg
lect OF them brings sorrow, pain and regret
Thousands have told Of the almost miraculous
effects Of WIsTARD's BALsAM OF WILD CHER.
RY. For coughs, colds, bronchitis, and all lund
troubles IL is uneQualed.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

At this season Of the year cramps and pains
in the stomach and bowels, dysentry, diarrhoa,
& c., are quite common, and shOnld be checked
best article that car, be used In all such cases,
and should be kept HI every family. Used In
ternally. 4 U,&
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

PRATOR-KENDALL.- the 11th inst, at
the residence of Allen Parker in this city, by
e. N. Tandyg County Judge, MIR. DANIEL PRA:
TOR and Mrs. FRANCIS b. KENDALL-all Of
Linn county. eW lex
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

New AGENT We have made ar
rangements with A. L. Bridgefarmer,
Esq, of Tangent, by which he is to
hereafter act as agent for the DEMO
GRAFT at that place. Those of our pat
rSns who live neaF that place can now
settle for their paper with him, and
thus be sayed tie inconvenience of
coming TO Albany for that purpose.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

TO FARmERs.---C. B. Comstock &
CO. advertise in to-day's paper that
they have thoroughly repaired their
Albany warehouse and are now ready
to receive grain in store, Mr.. w. S,
Nevbury, their obliging agent, will
be 1ronptly on hand to attend to bns-
nesl. " N W -A ~ a.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

BENEF1T. The Albany Dramatic
Association will give an entertainment
to-Eight for the benefit of Harry Vat
soh one Of their stars. 1t is expected
that this will eclipse all the former
entertainments given by this troupe.
The programme will be entirely new.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15

BMALL PoX. Our city authorities
iould take immediate steps in regard
TO keeping this terrible malady from
making its appearance in this commu-
nifty. It's rapidly spreading in Port
land, where the cases now number
about forty. If this matter is attend
ed to in season the disorder will pass
by our city this time, as it always has
before. f'' ~