The New York herald., 1873-12-03

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POSTAL ArpAns
A complete exhibit ID presented In the accom-
panying report oil the Postmaster General OF the
| operations OF the Post ONCE Department during
fiscal year ended ns 30 1878 to
| $2299074l, aud the expenditures or all kinds 10
SD oss aa6 The increase OF revenues over 1877
was 81 ,0Sl,315, and the increase OF expenditures
| $2.428, 753. Independent OF the payments made
from special appropriations for mail steamship
TO meet Deficiencies was So. 265475.
The constant and rapid extension OF our
and the improved facilities for the collection,
transmission. distribution and delivery OF the
mails which are constantly being provided account
| for the increased expenditures OF this popular
branch OF the public service. The total number of
was w, "a net increase OF 1881 the number
reported the preceding year the number OF Presi-
dental offices i.3os, an increase OF 1853 dur
ing the year. The total length OF railroad mail
| route az the cose of the year was 63.f5T miles, an
% OF sS nas. es oss Syer na the year
in operation ON the 3oth of June, 1878, extending
over 1866 miles OF railroad routes and performing
an aggregate service or "a. .s25 miles daily. The
number OF letters exchanged with foreign coun-
tries was 27,459.1s6 an increase of 3,o06,os5 over
amounted to S2O2l3io. .The total weight OF
correspondence EXCHANGED IN the mails With
European countries exceeded 0l2 IONS, an increase
OF 92 tons the previous year. he total cost
OF the United States mail steamship service,
20 subsidlze lines Of mail steamers, was $loi7,27l.
| New and additional postal conventions have been
concluded with Sweden, Norway, Belgium. Ger
| many, Canada, Newfoundland and Japan, reduce
| ing postage rates on correspondence exchanged
with those countries and further efforts have been
made 10 conclude satisfactory postal convention
| with France but without success. l invite the
favorable consideration OF Congress to The sugges.
| tions and recommendations OF the Postmaster
General for an extension of the free delivery system
IN all cities @ having population OF not less
age age i''' on newspapers sISs'' and other " printed
| matter OF the second class: for q uni
form postage and limit OF weight on miscellaneous
masters not appointed by the President by the old
| method OF commissions on the actual receipts OF
| the othce, instead OF the present mode OF liking
| the salary in advance upon special returns; and
| especially do urge favorable action by Congress
| on the important recommendations or the Post
| master General for the establishment OF United
States postal savings repositories. Your atten-
| ton Is also again called 60 consideration
OF the question o postal telegraphs and the argu-
| mcnts advanced in support thereof, 10 the nope
that you may take such action IN connection there
tue best interests OF the country.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.
Affairs in Utah renure your early aud special at.
tenGion. The supreme Court of the United States in
the case ofClinton vs. EngeDrccht decided that the
United States Marshal OF that Territory could not
lawfully summon jurors for the District Courts. and
these Courts hold that the Territorial Marshal can
not lawfully perform that duty because he Is elected
by the Legislative Assembly, ana not appointed as
provided for IN the act organizing the Territory.
| these decisions, and there have been few or
I jury trials In the District Courts OF that Ter
| ritory since the last session OF Congress-. Prop
erfy is lett without protection by the courts and
crimes 20 unpunished. TO prevent anarchy there
| II is absolutely necessary that Congress provide
1 the courts with some mode OF obtaining jurors,
and recommend legislation TO that end, and
| also that the Probate Courts OF the Territory
now assuming to issue wrlts OF Injunction and
| habeas corpus ana TO try criminal cases and IN
questions as TO land titles, be denied all iurisdc.
| ton not possessed ordinarily by courts Of that de-
| scnpt1on
THE BANKRUPTCY LAW.
! ! have become impressed with the belief that
the act approved March 2 1867 entitled, IAN
act TO establish uniform system OF bank-
tive OF more evil than good. AT this time
many considerations might be urged for It's total
repeal; but, If this is not considered advisable,
think IL Will not be seriously questioned that
| those portions OF said act providing for what Is
called involuntary bankruptcy operate TO increase
| the financial embarrassments or the country.
Careful and prudent men very often become in
volved in debt In the transaction OF their busi-
ness aud, though they may possess ample prop
| erty, II 1t could be made available dor that pur-
| pose TO meet all their liabilities, yet on account OF
I the extraordinary scarcity OF money they may be
unable TO meet all their pecuDiary obligations
as they become due, In consequence OF which
they are liable to be Frustrated in their business
| By proceedings in Bankruptcy at the instance OF
| unrelenting creditors. People are now so easily
alarmed as TO monetary matters thar the mere
hlng oil petition in bankruptcy by an untricndiy
| creditor will necessarily embarrass, and often
times accompisn the financial ruin OF . responsible
business man. Those who otherwise might make
| awful and inst arrangements TO relieve themselves
from difficulties produced BY the present strn-
Constant @ " exposure : 10 attack attack and and '@nit dia
appointment by prooesdinss against them
use OF in many cases by obdurate creditors to
freighyen or force debtors into compliance with
creditors and to themselves. ] recommend that
| so much OF said act as provides for Involuntary
| bankruptcy on account OF the suspension OF pay
ment be repealed.
DEFENDING CLAIMS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT.
Your careful attention is invited 70 the subject
OF claims against the government and the facilities
afforded by existing laws for their prosecution.
Each OF the Departments-state, Treasury and
| War--have demands for many millions OF dollars
!
hiy accumulating.. 10 these may be
Court OF Claims and the southern Claims comms.
| slon making In the aggregate an immense SUM.
Most OF these grow out o. the rebellion,
both sides for their losses during the war,
and not few OF them are fabricated ana supported
ieved. to induce Congress to provide for class
es Of claims and to to revive old ones through the
by which they are now barred. presume these
schemes ,,d 4 VIII be received
recommend that persons having claims against the
| United States cognizabc by any tribunal
partment thereof be required 20 present them at an
early day, and that LEGISLATION be directed far
| practicable 10 the defeat of unfounded and unjust
demands upon the government ] would suggest
as means OF preventing fraud thot witnesses be
called upon TO appear in person to testify before
those tribunals having said claims before them Tor
| adjudication. Probably the largest saving TO tho
national treasury can be secured by timely
Legislation on these subjects Of any OF
You viii be advised OF the operations OF tho De.
partment OF Justice by the report or the Attorney
General. and invite your attention TO the amend
ments OF existing laws suggested by him win the
| view 0i reducing the expenses OF that department.
| DEPARTMENT or THE INTERIOR.
The policy inausurated towards the Indians ut
the beginning OF the last administration has been
steadily pushed, and believe with beneficial re-
suits. IL VIII he continued with only
! such notifications as time and expert.
| ence may demonstrate as necessary. With the en-
croachment 0 civilization upon the Indian rcscryG-
lions and hunting grounds disturbances have taken
\ place between che Indians and whites during the
past year, and probably win continue to do 40 until
each race appreciates that the other has rights
which must be respected. The policy has been TO
collect the indians as rapidly NJ possible on geser-
yaJion5 and rs inr as practicable within what Ia
known as the In dian Territory, and to teach them
| the arts Of civilization and seifsupp0rt
| Where 1nnDd on their reservations and en-
i dauUerlnn mud a-ntr AZ Ia