Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1873-07-03

calculations of the density of the -
mosphere are based. Second a.
registering thermometer, which ind;co.ttt--
at glance the maximum and minir-..eCs
temperature of a day. Third ~
grometer, by which the degree Of ~.
humidity of the atmosphere is obtsi,a1se
Fourth, the thermometer, which sbo1--
the force of the wind and the rate ~
speed It Is blowing. This Consists ~
four cups, each shaped like half os u
hollow sphere. These are attached q
the two ends of two arms. which 60,
each other at the center. These -
upon an axis something after the fo.L
ion of a top, This axis terminate !.
an endless screw, which, by cornror-:
eating with figured cog wheels, rerfsta-
the velocity of the wind up to one IN,
sand miles. Fifth, rain gauge and o.
river gauge, the one a copper tuba IN
which each fall of rain is measured az
the other graduated plank, used g.
note the rise and fall of Western rfrs-r
Sixth, the anemoscope, or old fashiore5
vane which is fixed TO a rod which ra-
wolves in a hollow tube and runs int
the room beneath, where a gilt arrow +.
attached to the end and which corr.
ponding to the motions Of the van.
above, notes the point of the commas IN
which the wind is blowing.
HOW THE PROBABILITIES ARE CAST
At the seventy odd stations the obss-
vations are made six times daily wiz.
each of the instruments named, in ra~
ular succession and at the same moma5t
The first is made at seven o'clock In t7,a
I l..
night. three of which are FORWARDED s..
the central Office at Washington. from
which the probabilities" are cast AT fen
A. m, and one a. IN, constituting fine
morning and evening weather re10rfs
The headquarters here are c0nBrrt.5
with all the telegraph companies. and
work at stated times in long circuits. IN
receiving Cypher messages. Thecvpbr-
system insures accuracy and breIif-
one word gives the degree and fraction
of a degree of temperature instead M
being fully written Out-and is used IN
make up the meteorological condition o+
all the stations. These cvpher nessar-.
commence TO come from five 10 eleven
y. m, and when finished are taken fnfo
a translating room and read aloud. WHEN
three clerks write them out from Morn
ory. so familiar have they become viii
the cypher, one on a rough maUarl tsgr
on manifold bulletins. When tbss.
are all noted on the map-the condition
of the thermometer, the state of the bs-
rometer, the direction of the wind. fba
conditions Of the heavens, "a care
full study of the entire country is made
by Lieutenant Craig, or Professors Alb
bee and MauTy. and the SYNOPSIS Of the
weather made for the New England. Al
lantic, and Middle, and the Western
and Gulf States for the past twentv-f0Ur
hours. and the probabilities indicated for
the next eight hours. These are In turn
placed on bulletin maps and are tele-
graphed broadcast 10 the daily papers
by the Associated press.
ADMINISTRATION At HEADQUARTERS.
The general administration of the va
rious branches .of the weather sigma.
service at headquarters in this city is
under the direction of the following Of
ficers:
Gen. a. J. Myers, chief signal officer
Of the army; Col @. Mallory, captain
First L. s. Infantry, acting signal Off
Ger and assistant in charge Of cOrrespon-
dence and orders: First Lieut.. Robert
Craig, Fourth L. 5. ARTILLERY. acting
signal officer and assistant in charge of
scientific department. This includes the
compilation of reports and preparation
of the official deductions now common
" termed probabilities :" First Lieut.
Henry Jackson, Seventh L. S. Cavalry
acting signal officer and assistant DO
charge of property and disbursing OFF.
Ger; Capt. H. ". Howgate, second lieu.
tenant Twentieth L. 5. Infantry, actin.
signal officer and assistant in charge al
signal stations First Lieut., II. H &
Bunwoodie Fourth [. S. ARTILLERY. IL
charge of instrument room First Lieut.
c. 5. Smith, Fourth L. S. Artillery, an.
Second Lieut.. A. W. Greeley, Fifth L
$ Cavalry, inspectors Of signal sts
tions.
In addition to these there are two
civil assistants in the scientific depart
ment. viz: Professors Cleveland Abb
and T. B. Maury. In two adjoining
three story brick buildings on G street
between Seventeenth and Eighteenth
| and just west of the War department
these officers and headquarters are Iocat
ed. The first floor is occupied by Gen
Myer and Col. Mallery, and a well Sc
lected library Of several thousand vol
/ umes. On the next floor are the ''prob
ability and telegraph rooms, the latte,
with six instruments connecting witt
| the various lines. The third floor IS de-
voted to the clerks, records, maps, etc
while on the roof are stationed the in
strumcnts already noted as used al th,
/ signal stations throughout the country
/ But at headquarters there are seTera
| valuable and intricate instruments that
are not furnished at local stations
These are Hough's electric printing ba.
/ rometer. which self registers on a papel
/ cylinder; Houghs electric meteOro
/ graph, which records the barometer anl
wet and dry thermometer at the SANE
/ time, and three times each hour; PeelOr'
/ siphon barometer; Wilds electric mag
! netic barometer, and Beck's anerold ba
/ rOmeter. Besides there are photograph
/ ic barOmeters and thermometers, bl
which prepared paper is revolYed befor
! a Photographic lens in a dark chamber
! For measuring the wind Gibbons sell
/ registering thermometer is used, and ais,
! his anemOscOpe Beck's and Wild's sne
/ mometers, Diapers and Beckley's rain
/ gauge. Wild's hygrometer, and 0the
/ delicate and scientific instruments arr
employed for every branch Of the me
THEOLOGICAL science.
COST OF TIE SERVICE.
The salaries Of the officers and Uer
are charged TO the expenses of the army
but an appropriation of 1886, S25 is made
for the fiscal year ending June 80. 1874
for telegraphing reports, expense Of
storm signals, stationery, books, etc
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