Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1873-08-30

| offal. These collections are also removed svs
tematieally, emptied into open carts, as 1T is no
| in a state of fermentation or qualification, ant
are taken to the same sanitary depot. To seeur,
! a perfect discharge of this duty and to prevent
neglect in the s weekly exchange of these tubs
bearing letter of the alphabet. The privies O
each district are enumerated SUCCESSFULLY anf
both the letter Of the district and the number O
| A .; b I, b 2, 3, &c. A book is kept in thu
office of the sanitary department. divided IN a.
as for Under the
| the successive number Of the priyies Contained
IN the same. Opposite each number are 81,
ti lot the working days OF the week Every
gives the clerk the list Of prfvy numbers at
tended to; this Is Immediately entered into the
book Of record: This excellent book shows at q
glance by the filled or untitled rubrics whether
al the privies have been attended to or not
during the week.
THE SANITARY MANURE DEPOT
need not be in very remote position from the
city, as It creates no nuisance in its operations
shed 100 feet by 90 is sufficient; a little roon,
for Ia office is divided of; set of scales are
plaAg90 front of the Office. Every load of ex-
creta or ashes that arrives is weighed and its
weight entered into book kept for that pur-
pose. The ashes and garbage are tipped from
the cart on dry floor, and when dry are passed
through Kidding machine worked by steam
power. The sieve is a long one, and divided in
three sections. The first section riddles out the
nne ashes; the second the cinders or unburnt
coal; the third the refuse; such as paper, shells
vegetable and animal garbage. The fine ash is
carried forward to spacious room, where it is
deposited ready for use; the cinders and unburnt
coal are kept apart and used to feed the fur
naccs for generating heat and steam power. The
quantity of Cnders resulting from the Kidding
Is greater than can be used on the premises for
al the neat and steam power required, and is
soid 10 brickmakers for burning bricks, and to
other manufacturers using furnaces. Not
ION OF coal, not cord of wood is there
fore needed for the engines on the premises
All salable refuse, such as iron and glass, OBJ
tanned by the Kidding, is sold and the vegetable
ana animal refuse is burnt in an oven, and the
ashes from them are added to the manure. The
focal matter, upon its arrival is emptied into
q french formed by q banking of ash, covered
and Ii, txed with it. The ash acts as a catalytic
restraining decomposition and retaining the
gases. Whiie in the trench the contents are
treated with sulpi uric acid, the chemical COM
bination of which With the salts contained in
the mass it is said will ccuse sufficient heat to
dry the matter in few days SSithoat tine assist
allowed to stand three weeks, Sf thonaht
ing it once each week, or 0ftene. euou aHna
necessary to prevent charring. At the Gnu
of that period the mass has become dry
for the market. The strength of the ma
nure can be doubly increased by exposing
it again to another treatment Of focal
matter and sulphuric acid as before.
ter, it contains all the elements Of local mat
ter, of the urine, of the ashes of the vegetable
and animal matter of the house Offal The
tubs, Immediately after being emptied, are first
powerful stream from hose at hand, then
supplied with the disinfectant. replaced in the
van with their covers, and sent out to exchange
with the full ones. The gross material sifted
from the ashes-such as bones, oyster shells,
corDstalks, rinds of fruit, vegetable or animal
matter contained in house offal-is burnt in an
oven built on the premises. This oven serves
also for the publication OF the atmosphere OF
the manure room. The oven Is external to that
room, and is not allowed TO draw air except
through an air-conduit leading from the upper
part of a wall of the manure room to the under
part of the CRATE of the oven. The heat of the
fire in the oven causing vacuum, the air
Tushes in from the foul room, which must go
through fiery furnace before getting access to
the atmosphere outside.
TIE EXPENSES OF The SYSTEM.
After speaking of the cost of the service at
Rochdale, DIR. Verdi, under the head of garb-
age and ashes, SAYS: "The garbage, by making
cities, to have water-slops poured into it, would
he reduced, according TO the estimate of Mr..
One-third. To the garbage should be added the
ashes, which would prevent early fermentation
and decomposition. 1t is estimated that the
ashes of household do not, on an average,
amount to more than 0ne-fourth of the water
that is now put into the garbage, and should be
prevented. We would, therefore, reduce the
amount of garbage to one half, though 1T con-
tains the ashes. If the corporation did the work
of removing 1t in conjunction with the night
soil tubs, what would be the expense? The city
now employs twenty-one regular garbage col
Gent that the Board of Health felt compelled
to add five extra ones. Twenty-six gar
bage collectors, at 80 per day, as now paid,
give the amount of SIS for each day, or go, 400
Tor three hundred working days, or one year.
The private citizens pay for the removal OF
their ashes ard sweeping. In Washington and
Georgetown there. are about p ,oo9 houses in
lowing the moderate estimate OF three tons a
year of these collections for each house, we
have total of GO 200 tons, for the removal. load
ing and carting away of which we pay 81 a ton,
or s63 900 for the whole. Add to this amount
So, 500, the expense of moving garbage, and we
have a total of $4,000 annually paid out by
citizens for the removal of ashes and garbage.
The amount having been reduced to one half,
the expense of collecting will be one-half, and
as follows;-For thirteen garbage and ashes col
or one year, 50, $50; for thirteen horses, at 81 q
week for ffty-twO weeks, 50 705; interest of
capital, wear and tear, $1,000; making total
of S10,5 per annum, instead of S95, 800.
Summary:-The citizens pay now 200 for
removal OF night-soil, S95, 800 for removal of
garbage and ashes; total, S143, 800 By this
system propose $1,000 will be paid for the re-
moyal of night-soil, and s10, 555 for the reno
val of garbage and ashes; totai, slS, 555-a diff
ference Of SPA ,443.
ADVANTAGES OF THE TUB SYSTEM.
The night soil Is removed once a week, and is
kept disinfected Instead of allowing it to ex-
hale fetid gases in boxes for two or three months
before its removal. 1t would save the city
s124 AS per annum, without making a fertilf-
ger. 1t would pay revenue to the city to make
a fertilizer. Not one cent need be charged to
the citizens for the removal Of night soil, gar
bage and ashes, and IL the corporation prefers
not to make the fertilizer, 1t needs only tax
sufficient to pay-tor the removal of those three
nuisances, SlS,555, which had better be COL
lected by general taxes, as the amount for gar
bage masters Is now collected. 1t is neat, ef-
fective mode of removing those three nuisances
without creating new one. 1t is easily done
and easily controlled. 1t Is comprehensive and
effective. 1t Is done in day time, instead of at
night, without offense to delicacy or to the sa-
lubrity of the air.
The manure is an excellent article, and by
selling 1t at the low figure of SO per ton it would
more than cover all expenses for the removal of
garbage, ashes, and night-soil, and manufac-
turing Of the fertilizer. Fertilizers sell from
$40 to SEQ per ton, The city Of Baltimore. ac-
cOrding to the report of Charles A. Leas. NJ. D.,
assistant commissioner of health, has sold last
year 900 worth of the raw material with a
very imperfect system. SO the market for the
material exists 1t only requires good system,
an intelligent manipulation to make a revenue
for the city, and relieve the people of the whole
expense. The estimate of cost for converting
the old box privy to a tub privy, according TO
the calculation of j. westfeld & Co., carpen-
tiers, is-for tub, 50; for cutting and placing
door TO privy, 81; total, 81. Old box cost IS.
New privies, according to the tub system, would