Delaware state journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1870-1883, 1873-05-24

Last year the 54s, 769 tons ofsugar ship
ped to the United States come In hogs
heads weighing 1000 pounds, boxes
weighing 450 and bags weighing $50
pounds. A large part of IL came In q
black, dirty, "raw" state. Raw sugar Is
worth about cents and centrifugal Q
cents per pound Cuba sugar Is the best,
but II all has to be cleaned before II Is fit
to use, aud then the raw sugar whole
sales for about 3 cents per pound more.
From dirty Scent sugar they make white
lump sugar worth 11I1, light yellow
worth 1o1l, dark yellow worth 91s, and
syrup worth A..
Refining gar is not the neatest busi-
ness to be found. Fret, the sugar In
filthy black bags, hogeheads covered With
mud, and boxes smeared over with bilge
water and 9th, is landed at the docks,
where you see thoseimmense sugar houses
Then stevedorescarry Il back TO big cop
per vat hlled with hot water, break open
the boxes, cut'open the bags, ,and knock in
the heads of the hogsheads, and let II all
dirt, mud, sticks, shoes, old hats, pipes,
bones, undissolved newspapers and
sleeveless shirts-yesg let all slide into
the vat together. ..
They place the filthy old hogsheads,
soiled bags and dirty boxes into a steam
vat, steam and wash of the.dirt and sugar,
and then put that in too. Then a greasy
old man stirs 1t up, occasionally, expecto-
rating tobacco-juice here and there, and
scraping his filthy mud into the future
frosting Of our wedding cake.
In i've hours they draw, from the
witches chowder, syrup as pure and as
colorless and odorless as ice-water, and as
clean, too. All dirt, salts, smells, and
every materiel obstacle or gaseous odor is
separated, and transparent liquid sugar
runs out as water tricEes from crystal
First, the dirty liquid is pumped into
one ethousand-gallon cauldrons, with a
steam pipe In the bottom. Then blue
htmus (paper soaked in blue cabbage
luice) is dipped into Il 10 see If 1t is sour.
If is sour, the blue paper is changed to
red. Then, they throw In pail of lime.
This kills the acid, or the acid leaves the
sugar to attack the lime, when, like the
Kilkenny cats, they are both eaten up
II you pour acid into soft seap, the
alkal (anothsr form Of lime) will leave
the grease TO feed upon the acid;
Then the half-nake1 men who work
over the hot cauldrons pour five gallons
Of warm bullock's blood, fresh from the
slaughter-houses, into each 1000 gallons
of meltsd sugar. The. white of eggs
would be better, but eggs cost
too much, while blood, which is al
most as full Of albumen, only costs eleven
cents per gallon This blood settles
the sugar as an egg s'settles" your coffee
that is, the albumen seiEes hold Of every
particle Of dirt, and holds Is. Then when
| they ralse the temperature TO 1s0 degrees,
the blood, lime, dirt, sticks, &c, float to
the surface, while the syrup, yellow and
quite transparent, Is drawn of through
strainers from the bottom, leaving the
scum on top. This scum aud dirt are
rinsed with clean water, the sweet part
saved 70 wet up fresh lot Of sugar, and
the dirt carted of as fertilizer. They
take ton. of rich manure out Of the
sugar every day. The syrup is strained
through bags-long cloth bags, having
four or five thlcknesses Of cloth In them.
Thdy catch all the heavy dirt, lttle
stones, sand, dc, aud the syrup leaves
them transparent, only slightly tinged
with yellow These bags take out about
four per cent. of dlrt-real black .nueky
dirt-the same as you zee 10 the streets.
The syrup Is now nlnety-three per cent.
pure sugar, whereas II was but eighty pei
cent. Ave hours ago. There remains
seven per cent. of coloring, foreign salti
and gases vet to be removed.
This is done by altering the yellow
syrup through bone black or animvl char
coal, (bones burnt black aud ground up,
Lalge iron tanks, lookiug like uprigh
steam boilers, are Hlled with $1,000
, pounds of bone black each. Througl
this the syrup is made to trickle. As
comes out at the bottom 1t Is as pure ant
h looks Ike fer&S6tYstal A goblet o
''Is il perfectly pure nowl" ] asked ~
chemist.
! per cent. pure sugar. You might pou
! live gallons Of kerosene and a small-po
patient cut into sausage meat into tha
( first tank, and tell you that wouldn'
Z have the slightest objection TO drinkln
I the syrup five hours afterwards, II
: perfectly clean and pure" ...
1 How Is this white transparent syru
e made into sugarl
. This is simply done BY taking the watt
: out of It. This is accomplished by boi
I, ing it in a vacuum. 1t would boil III
Il water In the open air and yolatili;
n at 2l2 degrees Farepheit, but remove u
}, air pressure and It will boil at $50. Tn
7. amount of heat never burns
r, and the sugar ls white. After bsilir
y the syrup down 10 q thick paste, II
d drawn of In pots shaped life the old-fas
4, ioned sugar-loaf. These pots hole u
A. aallons, and are opsn at the large en-
le The small end has g hole In II, throul
d. which the water runs out, leaving .
10 sugar to crystalize In hard white ca
10 such as used to be sold In the mark
e, But nowadays the pure white sugi
loaves are sawed up into regular-shap
N pieces of sugar. The soiled sugar-loav'
g. or those with yellow streaks In them, Q
ed crushed into Jumps, and the sawdust
rn leavings are made tosgranulated a
81 pulverized sugar.
Ie Where does the yellow sugar col
lis from 2
n The syrup which runs out when
lis white sugar is crystalizng-the resic
Ills treated in the same manner as tue orl
be nal Cuban sugar, when an Inferior SUI
IS. and an inferior syrup results. The syi
he grows more impure each time, until INA
lal il cannot be crystRlized. II is sour 9
'of salty. This impure or brown sugar
do shoyelled into a centrifugal revoly
op machine. which revolFes. two thousi
at times Der minute. This throws ont
SITS water through straiuer, leaving
sn- sugar quite light and 'mealy.
mt (which is the cheaper 10 use-bro
en- sugar or white 2" / asked Of the chem
use HWhy, white. sir. Brown sugar
all. sImply pure sugar with dirt and waite
Id, il. The cheapest sugar TO buy is VI
the granulated sugar. IL Is simply 99H
ing cent. pure sugar, while brown suga
the only about 20 per cent, 20 per cent. WI
to and ten per cent. dirt and salts, W
pop refined soft sugar is 90 per cent. SUI
eld Some old women brought up on br'
not sugar, still stick TO Il and call Il swe
ing than white sugar, but they simply q
the themselves, II you want brown gu
ing you can take a pound Of white So
It pour ln some water, handful OF Sc
ing, dust, lime or salt, and you'll have
ling pounds of It,"
Of "How many kinds of crude sugar
by there l'
led, "Three-cane sugar, fruit sugar
of milk sugar. Cane sugar Is ioun'
ppy, sugar eane, Indian corn stalks, sorgi
into heets, melons, sweet potatoes, coai
iave ehestnpts, palm, trees, and sugar mi
Q of Cane sugar is three times as swee
Of milk or fruit sugar. syrup contai
cam good deal Of fruit sugar, generate
age. fermentation, &c. Therefore, syru
had not 80 sweet as pure sugar dissolve
, 10 water. Beet sugar smells badly,
hud- sorghum has too mach spidily,
and both contain salt, to remove while is
expensive. They are things Of the
when sugar cane can be had reasol
and In sufficient quantities. In ~
few brown sugar is not used. White Ia
man sldered cheaper and better"
ltlng
mid.
ne 10 Raising LuNurles al HoHl
nat, Wastern inurnal expreeees II