davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31

Phoebe Items.
From the Record Of Nay ISL

CFrom the Record Of May ISL =
The report again reaches us that a
rich gold ledge has been found In the
northwestern part of the county, tile
ore, as our informant expresses II,
"showing free gold all through IT.
II 1t Is that rich. and Is not a razor
blade" vein, we should think pur-
chaSers could be easily found.
We understand that the required
three.ifths Of the property interests OF
Phoebe are represented In the demand
for q municipal government under the
"Act for the better government Of the
cities and towns Of this State" We
will probably give the new system 4
trial. aEyFgT TH7E
News comes from Highland that a
large body OF very rich ore has just
been developed In the Arizona, the
most promising Of the Mendha Com.
pany's lodges. We hope the report
may prove true.
The Silver Peak Company have de.
termined, we understand, to erect
steam hosting works at an early day.
II We are not greatly mistaken that is
all that Is needed to make the mine a
heavy bullion PRODUCER @ g 81
Good crops of vegetables are prom.
ised in Rose Valley. New potatoes
are now as large as quail eggs In tina,
section. They should soon be brought
Into market.
Considerable La Paz stock changed
hands on the streets yesterday. The
figures ranged from thirty-flve to forty
cents, wo understood.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
GOOD APPOINTMENT.

We see by this mornings dispatches
that the President has appointed Mr..
Frank D.. Hetrich as Superintendent
Of the U. s. Branch Mint at Carson
City. 1t affords US much pleasure to
chronicle this appointment, than which
no better could be made. Superiu-
tsndent Hetrich has been connected
with tho Mint since the Winter Of
1859, and has largely aided In the at
tainment Of Its present success. He Is
thoroughly acquainted with every de-
tall Of tho business. and from the be-
ginning Of Its operations to the pres
emit time has been first applied to for
advice concerning Its internal work
ings. There Is another item Of fitness
In this appointment which should not
be overlooked. We remarked some
few days since that we were unaware
OF the appointment or promotion Of a
single gentleman to a Government po-
sition on this coast under tho Civil Ser.
vice rule. 1t Is pleasing to note an
exception In this instance. The pro-
motion Of Mr.. Hetrich from the mex,
highest to the highest position In that
institution Is eminently wise and
proper. Let the rule be carried out in
It's Completeness and effective men
will be obtained and retained by the
Government. We predict for the new
administration Of the Mint. good man
agement and a regard in the appoint
ment Of subordinates, rather to COM
potency than political favor.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
Phoebe Mines.

The Phoebe Record has resumed the
publication ola weekly mining review,
aud prefaces Its report for the week
ending May oath, with the following
general summary aa
Never were the general prospects Of
the Ely mining district brighter than
at this time. notwithstanding the un-
deniable fact that there Is a marked
depression In general business. This
depression Is altogether attributable to
extraneous causes, and Is In no way,
related to the condition Of the mines.
The Raymond & Ely, the Meadow
Valley, tie Washington and Creole
and Pacific Tunnel Companies have
all struck strong bodies of fine
ore lately-the strikes Of the two
first named Companies undoubtedly
being OH the same vein and Of the same
character. Among the mines Of later
development very encouraging deyel-
opments have been made In the Silver
Peak. Portland, Brooklyn, Montana,
Alps, aud Others. Why the working
forces are not increased In the leading
mines Of the district we are unable to,
say-that explanation must come from
the foreign stockholders who control
the management /; but Of the improved
condition Of the mines there can be no
kind Of doubt. When Phoebe stocks.
q year and more ago, were fifty and
seventy.five per cent. higher than at
the present time, there was not twen-
ty-five per cent. Of ore exposed that
there Is to-day.
The news from the contiguous out
side camp, Is very encouraging. High
landdlstrict, especially. promises much
for the future. The lodges In that d.
rectiou arc developing unexpectedly
we'll. and, as tho Mendha mill will
soon be running regularly, we will.
soon have the proof of their rlchE ess
In practical results. Then we have
most encouraging reports from Long
Valley District, down below Panaca,
In which there is a prospect of ma
chinery being introduced at an early
day. we are told. There Is great ex-
element ove the new discoveries 10
Cherry Creek, beyond Egan Canyon,
but We have not had information from
there, as yet, that would justify US In
writing with positivsness.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
TRAIN

The Sherif's jury have declared that
George Francis Train Is sane, and he
will be released from custody today.
Thus ends n act Of an expensive
farce. or rather serio-comic tragedy. in
which the law dispensers Of New York
have occupied a most unenyiable posi-
ton. As we said some time ago they
had an elephant on their hands, In the
person Of George Francis, and they
had to got rid Of him. Let US see the
facts. Arrested for circulating OBJ
scene literature; imprisoned for several
months, and then examined tor nearly
three weeks before a jury on the ques-
tlon Of insanity; verdict, sane; re-
manded to jail again brought up OH
original charge Judge Davis orders
jury to find verdict Of not guilty OIL
ground Of Insanity; four jurors object;
say Train is not insane protests of
jurors u~navaiIing; verdict entered
aud Train ordered to State Insane
Asylum at Utica, N. Y, habeas cor
pus sued out, jury empanneled, Train
again declared sane and discharged.
These are the facts epitomlzed. Geo.
Francis will now make 1t very warm
for the prosecution, and they will find
him tenacious. II the facts above stated
do not show = spirit of persecution We
" %grievously at fault. Why did
Judge Davis override the opinion Of
four jurors and order Train to the In.
sand Asylum II not for the reason that
he foresaw aoqulttal on the original
charges was certain, and desired to get
the prosecution out Of a d~isgraceful
scrape? Train will not be slow with
suits for false Imprisonment, and we
hope he will beat the game.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
ITEMS

john CARTIER, u brakemen on train
No. s, Union Pacific Railroad, was
killed by being knocked from the train
by tho timbers Of a saow-shed near
Aspen. on Sunday morning last. He
fell on the track and the train
passed over him, nearly separat-
Ing the head from the body and cut
ting of both his arms.
The New York and New Orleans
Circus must bs an ancient organiza-
ton. The Truckee Republican OF
Thursday says: at is an immense ag-
gregation Of human talent and animal
novelty, organized and equipped espe-
cially for the season Of l573." A relic
Of the dark ages, evidently. 1t ought
to draw In Truckee.
LAST Tuesday evening, at the Neva-
da quartz mine, on Deer Creek, CAL,
two miners, Capt. Moore and Antoine
Stevens were caved upon.and remained
covered up from 5:45 in the evening
until two o'clock the next morning,
when they were rescued alive. Ste
vens, 1t is feared. Is fatally injured.
The Constitutional amendment fix
ing the Capital Of Connecticut at Hart
ford-lnstead Of Hartford and New
Haven as at present-passed the As
sembly yesterday BY vote OF over
three to me-. 1t now goes before the
people for adoption.
IT Is said that the French Govern
ment is about to build a magnificent
palace for its Legation in Washington.
The splendor OF the French Is proverb-
ial In our national metropolis.
PIERCE, the murderer Of Uncle
George Wilson, in Carson, last Fall,
has been granted a new trial on &C
count OF an error in the charge OF
Judge Harris to the jury.
The st. Louis Democrat says that
ex-senator Pomsroy passed through
that city lately on his way west 10
gro,c up mith the country!
GEORGE FRANCIS TRAIN Is about to
sue the city of New York for $l0o,Ooo
on a charge Of false imprisonment
THE French Assembly yesterday az
ternoon voted to rebuild the column
yendome. Straws.
TwEsrY-rouR millions postai caros
have thus far been ordered OF the fost
Office Department.
The horse disease Is AID 70 DC
spreading In the Brooklyn New hofK'
stables.
Hos.c W. KENDALL and his wife
are at the Walker House, In Salt Lake
City.
The State debt Of Connecticut has
been reduced so per cent. In SIX years.
PHrLApE1rH1A manufactures o"VVo
feet of lightning rods daily.
The ~epizootic has appeared at Cam
den, Delaware.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31

DrsAeREEABLE as the duty is we are
obliged, on the authority OF the Des-
moines tIowa) Republican, to still
further diminish our honest list by
striking therefrom the name of George
G. Wright, OF Iowa. The calm COM
~placeney with which these grabbers
sit down and read for weeks their
name, among those who have refused
the steal = something wonderful. 1t
Is true, however, that eventually
"murder will out" Wright voted
against the steal, which make his con-
duct In accepting 1t still more repre-
hensible." s.r sg.aT
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31

AFTER six months careful study Of
the census tables, the Cincinnati Com.
n,ercial evolves from them "thc re-
markable fact that sixteen and \ half
millions Of our population, out Of
shirty.eight and a halt millions, are
either of foreign birth themselves or In
some degree removed from foreigners"
Aud q contemporary asks: And the
twenty-five millions who are neither
Of foreign birth themselves nor In any
degree removed from foreigners
where did they come from?
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
NOTICE.

A Ii PERSONS INDEBTED TO DIR. HALL
"A will please call at his ONCE and settle their
accounts. His health has 30 far improved that
he can receive coin and receipt bills without
injury to It.
my3f.tf j. 10, HhLL. II, ID,
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
TnEnE is reason to believe chat Gen,

THERE n reason 20 believe that Gen.
Jeff. c.. Davis Is doing good work in
the Modoc country. AT any rate,
Captain Jack Is not having things all
his own way as formerly, and in a few
days we hope to hear that he Is as bad
IL used up as a back-pay Congressman
at the next election-if we may borrow
4 smile from the future.-St. Louis
Democrat.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31

HERE |. a bit of subtitle humor worth
noting. The Pail Mall Ga=ette says
..few persons probably as a rule sleep
50 souudly or enjoy such undisturbed
reposs rs night watchmen."
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1873-05-31
Deaths,

GoDFREY-In Virginia, May 81, the wife OF I.
A. Godfrey.
THE funeral will take place to morrow, June
LIST. from her late residence, B street, in rear Of
Delmonico's Restaurant, At aP. ~
HATCH-In Virginia City. May 10th, infant
daughter OF George and Kate Hatch, aged 8
months.
THE Funsnl win take place from the resi-.
dence Of the parents, D street. opposite Piper's
Opera House, tomorrow Sunday afternoon, at
two o'clock.l
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28
SCIEnIIE

That 20 Inconvenience may arise from the changs
IN the constitution Of he Commonwc calth. and in
oruer 10 carry tlc same into complete opcratiou.
II IL hereby declared that:
,i 9EcTtoS !. This constitution shall take effect
sahu elSht hundred and seventy-four, for all pur-
poses not otherwise provided for therein
'sTc- = All laws in force in this Commonwealth
al the time of the adoption of this constitution not
inconsistent therewith, ana all rights actions
prosecutions and contracts. shall continue as If
ms constitution had not been adopted =
=, SEc. 8 AT the general election In the wears one
thousand eight hun tred and seyent ~ So @ Vtre
Shaii DO elected in ali districts W lt- there sha
be vacancies. Those elected in the wear one tbon
sand eight hundred and s-venty-four shall saryc
LOT Two years, and those elected in the wear ono
InousdIi eight hundred and seventy-fiYe shall
serve ior one year Senators now elected and those
whose terms uncXpired, shall represent the riots
IN when they reside until the end Of the terms for
SEC. :. At the general election in tine year one
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six. Senators
Shall DC elected from the even numbered disirIci
10 serve foF two years and from old numbered dis
triels to serve Tor four years
SEC: .. The first election OF Governor under this
constitution shall be at the general election in the
E,.r cue thousand eight hundred and seventy FIVE
anu the term of the Governor elected in the wear
@ tiioUS2n1 eight hundred and scVenty eight al 1
o nos hereafter elected shall he for four years.
"ccofimS 10 the provisions of this cons itutj6n
,b1So 90 o. AT the general election in the year one
lOo>.iil.i eight hundred and seyerlt y-fn,,- 81 LIEN
tenant Governor shall be elected .,.coriiny tn tho
PrSsisions vas @ Of this constitution.
'oIc. .. The Secretary CT Internal Affairs shall
be elected At the irst general lection n n az ~
etOIi TINS constitution and when the g, IA officcr
S'', p % Gu5 elected and qualified the office of
OF General shall be abolished and the Sur
Nsy4f Ineral IN office at the time OF the adoniinn
of ths Etituton shall continue in r mn 10
expiration Of the for which he w. UNI u the
Skc; 8. " h@n the Superintendent of Pubic In
perintendent of Common Schools shall ne,.c gu
SEC g. Nothing contained in this constitution
kia!I he eGils'rac @ 10 render any person now hold
gible for re-election the end of such term
SIC 10 1s@ Judges Of the Supreme Cpur; IN Of
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28
Az ORnINANCE

FOR SUBMITTING THE ENDED CONSTITUTION OF
PENNSYLVANIA TO a YOTU or TIE QCAILFiED
ELECTORS THEREOF, AS PASSED ECoSD READ
ING.
BE u nTtlained BB the Constitutional Convention
I..S.
J. rhatthc amended Constitution prepared by
TINS Convention be submitted to the qualified elect
ors OF the Commonwealth for their adoption of re-
lectt0n at n election to be held The Chird Tues
gay OF December next; except as hereinafter or
Gered and directed. The said election shall be held
ana conducted by the regular election officers in
the several election districts throughout the Com
monwcalth. under all the regulations and provis-
ions OF existing laws relating general elections;
ana the shcrs of the several counties shall give at
nation,
. The Secretary Of the Commonwealth shall, at
least TeHtY days before the said election, furnish
10 the Commissioners 81 III county, 6UfcicNc
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28
ARTICLE XVI
rEIvArE CORPORATIONS.

SECTION l. All existing charters. or grants ~
special or exclusive privileges, under which bona
iite "rstii u z:l'lon sha not have taken place and
business been commenced in good faith at the time
OF the adoption OF this constitution. shall thcreaf
ter haTe no validity.
S.C. .. The General Assembly shall not remit
the forfeiture of the charter any corpora ion now
existing. or alter amend the same, or pass any
other gencrIf or special law for the benefit Of sch
corporation except upon the condition that such
corporation shall thereafter hold its charter
10 IN" provisions Of this constitution
SEC .. 4 ne exercise of the right of eminent do
main shall never be abridged or So construed os 70
prevent the General 4 Assernaly from tnI,inr tho
pfopSf. anu franchises OF Incorporated companies
tcin TO public use, the same ls the
properly of individuals: AMI the Nercisr az ta No
1lce power OF the State shall he abridged or
- construed as 10 permit corporations to cSn.Uat
their business in such manner rs to ipfrirs-e tLe
cqnai rights OF individuals or the general well he
SEC :. In all elections for director or n,aroocrs
o corporation each member or sharebol der NM,
cas- the whole number OF hiS votes for one can III
dates, he may prefer.
SEC. .. No foreign corporation shall do any lu
ness in this State without having one or more
known places Of business, and an authorized agent
or agents in the same, upon whom process may be
served.
SEC. 6. No corporation shall engage in any bust
other than that expressly authorized in il s
charter. nor shall it take hold any real estate
except such may be necessary and proper for its
legitimate business.
SIC. = No corporation shall issue stocks or bonds
except for money. labor done. money or property
actually received: and all fictitious increase Of
stock or Indebtedness shall be void the stock and
in iebteness Of corporations shall not be increased
the consent of the persons holding the larger
amount In value of the stock first obtained al n
meeting 10 be held after sixty days notice given in
pursuance OF law.
SEC. S Municipal and other corporations and In
ividuals invested Eith the privilege OF Ia KING pri-
-vatc property fer public use shall make just
pensatiUn for property taken injured or destroyed
iy the ion enlaFgc Of their works,
Highways. Or Improvements, which compensation
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28

4 SAD AND Fatal ACCIDENT
nesday evening OF last week al ed
en lady named Nancy Carney. a 4
of Munster township, her home b
the spot once occupied by tie /
''mud house. " met with al acc-I
sultiug il instant death, the Pagl.
which, so far aS we could learn u
as follows Miss Carney, Il seer
making preparations TO visit h5E
MIR. john Carney, ot SD1fn.l5l
with whom she Intended % S.'e1a
ter, and. in furtherauce Of TIA.
prevailed on Mr.. john Lynch H
near 1T hand. TO accompany le.,
bCT'S residence f0E the Plrp'S5 o..
some chickens which belonged Z.
which were in the habit OF ''.11'.-
stable or barn on the premises ~
The better 10 accomplish her p.
unfortunate woman mounted Il
from which position she was % U
catching one of the chickens 1i
through An opening III The s'
the board on which she WAS S'a--
denly gave way, precipitaua- Is
pen, her heaG in the descent s.
floor or trough in such a ral-S
locate her neck and cause -
as we have already stated.
went to her assistance lnn5-
when he reached Nv life was sA--
1t not been for his Pgesenca.
fair to presume that the Pi-s
would have shockiuEiy ml..-''..
entirely deyoured, the remain
fortunate woman. Her ass
sixty years.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28

EMINENT IN MEDICAL At -
Those who are afflicted via :
many ills to which tieSh Is hell
that by placing themselves a.'I.. -,
ical attentioI OF the DIS. oil'-'-. 4.
Grant street. they will recen. -.
ment of the highest avaii',1.s i,
of medical skill and eIpeE.sl.--l Il
is always a measure of meEi'' 81 1s.ITei
Oldshue are emiuently suci5,'.--rs -:
treatment of disease, IhuN, r. rs
they completely cDmpreAsal- -.r IN @.
ailments of tie human s.,-r-s
able skillfuiIy u judge OF l.-s is-., 5..
remedies. They are close - -. ans
healing art, 50 that thew a.s a,.-5-,5
cope successfully with every ',.r ,, nee
development of disease, ana ..,opll. l,1 q
fled in the use of remedies lt'F'Ts
the condition of the paIis4.f ,las
worthy tho fullest measure U.,5.,r de.
and patronage of those neea"'
vices.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28

WAFFLEs.-Take one Ines
two teaspoonsfal OF SAT- II -" milk % /.
full melted butter, and N"es. N"., ,-h7r'1-
To make a thick batter ~ -5 1as ~
add one egg. well heaten, -. sir We,
Banner Baking Powder d, ir,1s
bake Immediately, in "'.-T TR,kin. z,
Each can Of the Banner :, be g''s.
contains a small measure, '5ir,oti'.s,
fnu, according 10 Prln'etu, ,r,y gsia'.-
YOU cannot obtain this ie.~5 ia5 rFsesg,
ticIe from your grocer; 81 S' Bsunsr 2.
cents by mail, address. az PTS
Powder. p. .. Lock bon % or-.-,s,3gs
Pa. and You viii receive I9rs.5.s
quarter pound package. -
= 7h1- Rsc'.9
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28
ARTICLE XVIII.
FUTURE AMENDMENTS.

SECTION l. Any amendment or amendments to
his cons tuition may be proposed in the Senate or
Rouse OF Representatives, ana il the same sha II oe
assTSeti 10 ny majority OF the members elected to
each house. such proposed amendment or amend
hents shdu .'c entered on their journals with the
yeas ;tri nays taken thereon and the Secretary OF
the commonwealth shall cause the same to be Tu 10
llSheQ three months before tho next general eIec-
ton in at least two newspapers in every county in
men s'ich newspapers shall be published AMI if,
III the tTenerIi Assembly next afterwards chosen
such proposed amendment or amendments shalI he
agreed 10 hy majority of the members elected TO
shall cause the same again to be puhIished in Inc
manner aforesaid and such proposed amendment
OF amendments shall be submitted to the qualified
electors of the State i'll such manner and at such
tlmc, az least three months after being so agreed
70 ny the two houses, as the General Assembly
snail prescribe; and If such amendment or amend
1hents snail be approved by majority Of those
NotlnS thereon, such amendment or amendments
small become part Of the constitution but no
'-lhendment or amendments shall hc submitted
olteher tlin cnce in five years when two or more
upon separately.
The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1873-11-28


If we didn't carr. q, ~
Key at our Thanksgiyiin,,,"e9 ,"e var IN.
IL was not because ,o I5'.lrarr 5.r "a.
wiieIewiihal to do it we, ,u'l1'c n.
our KIND friend, Nr J.t' I9L. td..
iNt se dhu luscious loo,~( D. q
nave went the way Of an : .o5gs
casioh had not oar ..na,,.- sa ol 4.
ed that there was lucl- ~, Aa'' o.
d turkey IN the coop is '-.,-.5 Oh
stomach. Nevertheless '.-.A ,sg
generous ackuOwl,dgmar. We Ess-
manly donor Of the F. TO lie !.
trust that he may live a E,,-g g-. E
yond the time which * TL.'T'."5l ia,
to his gay gobuljer.' -'' 20 led
"A young man named NJ,
ployee at the Ca&,JIia Ir,r -,,,,..'.s N. q.
past SIX months, has mon. W g.E>
with a bran splinter new c-,. A.lae
obtained, under rprcteuse IS 'a as
at the Gompany's store ON i.-.e.s5
ing last. After putting l''-''lag
stepped into the shoe ders,.' '-s q,
alleged purpose Of 5uyiur = 'r,''-, ,-.-
but eluding the eve of tIs pe.. g
clerk who had been v,;.:. .t:.'.--,
skipped ont with the new c,-. g
old one behind him, aud NAL S-,-
to his boarding house. tlra,
effects out of a second s,o-,, - a
then proceeded to patbs-' a l"--''
leave for parts unknown
The Altoona TrHrLnz S,r-
urday morning last, an iron 49,
eastward bound train car,r. q
some cause unknown, when e. -l
nearing ThompsOntowu stat q,
atciy the other cars We're ,r. q
pulled away from il. aud ~,
crew, from MlffiIn dispatched T.
II arrived the car had fallen r--
north track and about a dgzer .s
preached to push It over the l,-.
river, but just as they a-temm.s.
it exploded, and nine Of them
bly, burned, one of them, Glow
son OF David Cramer, aged l. rs
verely that he died ON Satu-fr.
Another, named George Eele.
much injured that his life Is d
Two others named Ernest, Wen
buined. One man had all The
of his head and vas ravias Ike
when placed On the cars 10 res7-
-Mcssrs- John Garmau and
son, of this place, while ug.
w edneSday last, eucJuuteGedqb. h.
masculine persuasion ON The ess-
Of the mountain, not f.r fr3nt.
Plane No. ), and it Is PERHAPS -..
say that If his bearship had Il
again he would give Cur Himuf
a much wider berth than heidi
casiOn. As iJ Is, he is theirmss,
of course that no one finds -s. !
where they strung it up. hearth 9
the tragedy, before they suc-g
moving it 70 safer quarters. 81 4
estimates the weight Of the anil
$50 pounds. and SAYS that lhey
shot the dam easily. but d.dl'.e-
about doing it. p. :. Tie syuzzi
the above account is somewhat and
the fact, since learned, rha, ,hsg-..|
ed bear was Of the female 1srsnt
that the one they didn't shnG Fss1
I'VE were not only g.ea:.T1-
but greatly Pained. to learn tar8zI
whom We had placed implc. emf
the PosscsSar Of more than aL