The New York herald., 1873-11-26

the Fallen City-The Local Police
Powers and Privileges of the Khan
BARRIERS and Boards.
Vambery introduces his chapter on the city OF
Kht7a by quoting from the essay OF voltaire
"Les principatlI tirent dsseoir le Khan sur une
piece de reatre ct tut dirent: Ronore les grdnds,
sots Jste ct 6eTfdtSant tous; simon tn
81 miserable que ~ n'alas pas meme le Jetttre
le1uel tn eS GsStS.u
The sentiment therein uttered certainly indicates
that there is authority other than the absolute
despotsm OF the Khan. Mr.. MacGahan, in his re.
cent letters, observed that the Khan was not a
cruel, despotc ruler by nature, as most unor-
tunate monarchs always have been but that he
was under the influence OF a designing courtier
Khva, the capital city, an excellent map OF which
we print this morning and for which we are in
debted to the courtesy OF the American Geograph-
ical Society, from whose archives it was taken, is
like an inferior Persian city, con tanning 5000 or
1000 mud houses standing in different directions,
IN the most irregular manner, with uneven and
unwashed walls. The city is surrounded by mud
wall. 10 feet high, and has nine gates and 10 quar-
ters. 1t is
DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS,
Khiva proper and Itch X ale, the citadel which can
be shut OF from the outer city by four gates
Khiva is not famous for her baZaars The "Tomn
about l2o shops and a carayansary and we ind
exposed there the products OF Persia and Bokhara,
besides the grocer shops, the soap and candle
kets and IL barber shops, where the heads alone
are shaved. 81 say the heads,n observes YAM
berry, "for the man would be regarded out OF his
senses or would be punished with death who
should have his beard shaved Among the
bazaars is
TIE SLAVE MART,
where the tekkl and tomuts are exposed for sale.
Khiva, like city in many respects similarly situ-
ated IN Airiea-we mean Khartoon-has derived
all OF It's prosperity from the tralc in human flesh.
THE MOSQUES.
The mosques OF the city, the resorts OF Mosem
id!ers, are not grand, yet Harzreti Pehliran s an
edi1ce four centuries old, but not very ornamental
Instead OF spending their time in wholesome in.
dustry the idlers derive their greatest happiness
by monotonous repetitlons OF the Koran.
NJ. vamoery finds that in Central Asia
LEARNING
has long been known both In Bokhara and Khiva.
As Will be found by reference to.the map, Khiva is
richly endowed in this respect The chief college.
Mahommed Enuu-Khan Madresa was built In
1872 by Persian architect, after the model OF a
Persian caravansary OF the first rank. on the
right is massive tower ewhat loitier than the
two-stored colleges, and not yet completed This
college has l30 cells and accommodations for 260
students, and 1t has a revenue OF 10000 batman or
wheat and sl2 500 in corn. The colleges are credit
able to the Khivese, showing as they do that
knowledge Is one OF the purposes OF existence In
the neglected regions OF Central Asia. They are
the only edinces which can be called buildings or
decent appearance, and form marked contrast
with the mud houses, among which they are set as
dadems. Their courtyards are clean and arc
planted with trees and
LECTURES or THE PROFESSORS
are delivered to the scholars In the cells. The
groups OF listeners are arranged according to the
relative degrees OF intellectual capacity
The police is well organized and efIlcient In
each quarter Of the town there IL a "satrab.,
who is responsible for the good order or his
district; while by night there are SO watch.
men, who arrest every man caught out or doors
half an hour after midnight "And,n cxclaims the
Hungarian traveller, "woe be to those caught IN
11orante detictO.n
Such Is the city whose conquest has long been
sought by Russia. IL is not 90 be supposed that
the mere prize Of the Khiyan capital were worthy
OF an expedition OF 900 men, equipped at great
expense. Now that the Russians have the capital
and that the Khan has ned, IL remains to be seen
what Kind OF government will be substituted for
the ancient laws and customs or the Khanate The
Khan was absolute with his subjects, and was re-
garded as the father OF a family. He was only re.
strained by the superior wisdom OF learning OF
other men, which always produces q powerful
enect In Asiatic countries. Yet IL may seem
strange that NJ Vamoery gives at length the KIT
van constitution. whicn - 81 nooooi ario,n