davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
ANTIQUITY OF NAN.
Five Hundred Thousand Years az
Least-SpecuIatiOms of var. Alfred
RusHel wallace.

Five Hundred Thousand Years al
LeHst-SpecuIation of VAR. Alfred
Russell wallace.
Prom the New York Nation.
In the issue OF Nature for October 2
Mr. Alfred Russell Wallace INDUCES in
some speculations on the probable an
tiquity of the human species, which may
well starlle even those who have long
since come to the conclusion that G00O
years carry ms but a small way back to
the original homo. In fact, in Mr.. Wal
laces reckoning, 5000 years are as a
day. He begins by complaining of the
timidity Of scientific men when treating
of this subject, and points out the iallacy
of always preferring the lowest estimate,
in order to be ION the safe side He
declares that all the evidence tends to
show that all the safe side is probably
with the large figures. He reviews the
various attempts to determine the an
tiquity of human remains or works Of
art, and finds the bronze age in Europe
TO have been pretty accurately fixed at
5000 to 1000 years ago, the stone age Of
the Swiss lake dwellings at 5000 TO 1000
years "and an indefinite anterior pc
Rod. The burnt brick found sixty feet
deep in the Nile alluvium indicates an
antiquity of 10000 years; another frag
ment at seventy-two feet gives 10000
years. " A human skeleton found at a
depth OF sixteen feet below four buried
forests, superposed upon each other, has
been calculated by Dr. Bowler to have
an antiquity of $4,000 years. But all
these estimates pale before those which
Kent's Cavern at Torquay legitimates.
Here the drip OF the stalagmite is the
chief factor of our computations, giving
US an upper floor which divides the
relics of the last two or three thousand
years from a deposit full of the bones of
extinct mamalia, many of which, like
the reindeer, mammoth and glutton,
indicate an arctic climate. Names
cut into this stalagmite more than
200 years ago are still leglble; in
other words, where the stalagmite is
twelve feet thick, and the drip still very
copious, aot.more than a hundredth OF
foot has been deposited in two centu-
ries-a rate OF FIVE feet in 100, 900 years.
Below this, however, we have a thick,
much older, and more crystalline Il, e.,
more slowly formed stalagmite, beneath
which again, in solid breocia, very
different from the cave of earth, un-
doubted works of art have been found"
Mr.. Wallace assumes only 100000 years
for the upper floor, and about 100000 for
the lover, and adds 10000 for the liter
mediate cave earth, by which he arrives
at the sum Of half million as repre-
senting the years that have probably
elapsed since fints of human workman
ship were buried in the lowest deposits
of Kents Cavern
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
probabilities.


WASHINGTON, November 10, am
For the Northwest and upper lakes,
winds backing to southerly, rising tenn
perature, cloudy weather and occasional
light rain and snow.
For the lower lakes, winds backing To
southeasterly, with rising temperature
and cloudy weather.
For Kentucky and Tennessee, rising
barometer, southeasterly winds and
partly cloudy weather.
For the Middle aud Eastern States,
diminishing pressure, noriherly to north
easterly winds, partly cloudy weather
and rising temperature in the evening.
For the South Atlantic States, north
easierly winds and generally clear
weather.
For the Gulf States. southerly winds,
rising temperature and partly cloudy
weather.
Reports are partly missing from the
Southwest and Northwest.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
wAJoR BUsBY's RETIREMENT.

Major j. j. Busby resigned yesterday
the position of President and Treasurer
of the Citizens Relief Committee. which
he has held since about the middle Of
September. With the exception Of a
day or two, when sick, he has been at
his post with unvaryiug regularity, Civ
ing tie most careful attention to the
manifold duties that devolved upon him.
In accepting his resignation, the CON-
mittee passed brief but highly compli-
mentary resolutions in regard to the
faithful, firm aud courteous manner in
which be has discharged his duty. He
has well earned commeESation, and will
doubtless feel that a heavy load has
rolled off his shoulders, and enjoy some
rest as a real luxury. The puAie can
not say less than well done, good and
faithful servant.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
T4E MATTE STEPHENSON MoNU
MEET.

If the Matte Stephenson monument
is ever to be built it must be done soon
1t would have been easier to raise thou
sands the week after she died, and while
her praises were on every tongue
than to raise hundreds few weeks
hence. The propriety OF paying her
such tribute Of respect, and Of thus
showing our gratitude to the world, has
never been questioned, but unless some
thing practical is done soon, public III
terest will become absorbed with busi-
ness and pleasure, and the active senti-
ment of admiration for the young mar
tyr will be succeeded by indifference,
The money required will never be
missed, though times be never so hard.
A committee was appointed to canvass
the city. Let us hear from these excel
lent gentlemen, and make complete
work OF what was so we'll begun.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
survey Of che Forksa peer.

Prom Meals State Gazette. s,h.l
Mr.. Oscar Liebrecht, the efficient and
alable government engineer detailed to
make the survey Of our river, arrived
here last Tuesday. Having here organ
ICED a party, with that old riverman,
iank Tower, at its head, be left the
wharf at Dyersburg quite early yester-
day morning in boat constructed espe-
cially for the expedition. The party,
floating down the Forked Deer. making
sounsings and surveys from this place
10 Hale's Point, will return in about a
week. Secretary Harrison, Of our Cham
Der Of Commerce, has furnished Mr.. L.
with a correct statement Of the exports
and imports By way Of the river. The
counties Of Dyer, Lauderdale and Obion.
AID the city Of Memphis. are an largely
interested IN this survey. The import
auce Of the improvement Of the naviga-
ton Of the Forked Deer. and its fessi-
biliiy, cause ne 70 believe that the report
Of hr. Liebrechi will be a very favorable
one.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
Desperate right with an Italian
outlaw.

Outlaw.
From tho Journal dc Rome.l
On the I'd of October two men we're
killed bv A brigand Ia she . ierd named
Guisenpe Monni), who was hiding at
Nerasci di perda troya, between Atzoro
aud Villa Grande. The marshal OF car
abineers, being informed OF the brig
and's nresence IN this locality, immedi.
atelv went out with four carabineers and
eioht rural guards. The brigand saw
them coming, and when they arrived at
abont ninety yards from Nerascl di
merida troya he commenced TO fire upon
them. so as to keep them at distance
and have time 10 escape. The marshal
~ carabineers ordered his men to form
as large A chain as their number would
permit, and to surround the brigand, but
The latter pro6ted his time to escape
into dense copse, where It was impos'
sihle 10 see anything beyond the dis
tance of A few PAGES. The carabineers
and notice surrounded his hiding place
as well as possible, but they could not
discover his whereabouts At this mo-
ment man passed with large dog
The marshal OF carabneers had the idea
of using the dog TO find the brigand' 5
hiding Mace After having excited
the the d iSs vo ,ody The dog dog had
hardly entered the wood when his mas
ter was wounded by bullet, but not
MORALLY. A messenger was sent to
Lauusei aud Villa Grande to demand
aid. Two carabineers, francesca Piras
and Traversi, arrived frst from the
latter station. Piras insisted on imme-
diatoly entering the wood, and did 80 in
spite of the warnings of his marshal; he
was followed by viee.brigadier and a
rural guard. After having penetrated
some distance TO the copse Piras found
himself face to face with the brigand,
whom he summoned three times to sur
render in the name of the law; at the
third summons the brigand shot him
through the heart. On hearing the re-
port the marshal, followed by all his
men, dashed into the wood Foremost
among them was one Ferrai, who
pressed into the thicket where Monni
was hidden. At the same time the
whistling of a bullet was heard, and
Ferrai, struck in the neck fell dead by
the side of his oomrade. The cara
bineers and rural guards fired a volley
into the depths Of the wood, and all
searches after him were fruitless. A
little later the carabineers we're joined
by the troops of the line from Launsei.
Their help was now useless, and they
we're obliged to return without capturing
the brigand.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
women ont of Employment.

One of the effects of the existing
money stringency is the discharge OF
large numbers of women from various
employments in New York. The World,
of that city, after referring to the iu-
crease in the number of applications at
various institutions for the relief of des-
titute women, adds:
Already the number of women who
walk the streets by night is perceptibly
larger, and police officers declare that
while on their beats they continually see
new faces which they can tell belong to
no hardened women Of the town.
One of this description appealed to a
gentleman recently, who recognized in
her former maid of his wife's, and she
told him that she had been for more than
twenty.four hours without food, and only
was induced to take such step by the
hope of getting food for her starving
brother and sister at home Similar in
stances are occurring nightly, and their
number will increase in fearful ratio as
the winter comes on. The results of re-
trenchment do not reach seamstresses
and the other class referred to merely,
but women in all phases Of employment.
Families that had two chambermaids are
getting on with one, and those that had
only one send away the nurse and give
the chambermaid the care of the chill
drsn.
Shop girls are being dismissed from
the stores in large numbers. The &C.
tivity and quickness of woman is to her
disadvantage in these cases. While it
is difficult to make eight men do the
work Of ten, half dozen shop girls,
when pressed, do the work of almost
twice that number, and the shopkeepers
are we'll posted enough to be aware OF
that feminine faculty. They dismiss
the supernumerary half dozen.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

THE Bolivar Bulletin, in a long article
devoted to the Memphis sewerage ques.
ton, remarks that of all the cities in the
Mississippi Valley, the commercial me
tropolis Of Tennessee is the most eligibly
situated aud yet is the most poorly
drained. The Bulletins plan, reduced
to the fewest possible words. is to build a
dam across Wolf river, just below the
mouth Of the bayou, CONVEX, the bayou
into canal as far as South street; cut a
ditch thence across 10 the gulch which
runs east and west just south Of the Fort
Pickering mounds. and by the use Of
dams and water gates, force a strong
current Of water through the bayou all
the year round, and into this let the sew
ersge system empty.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
Dividing the Cityin Districts
THE SUPPLIES.
OFFICE HOWARD ASSOCIATION.
MEMPHIS. October II. 1873.

| WE BEG TO ADVISE OUR CITIZENS
| w that we have divided the city into the
! following districts, and have appointed the
| Committees, as stated below:
! District 1-Bounded by Greenlaw, Main.
| 0verton and the river. Committee, B An
District 2-Bounded by Bryan. Overton and
Main. Committee, j Murphy and W
| Gordon.
District s-Bounded by oyerton. Main, Mar
ket and the river. Committee, A e Frank
land and S W Rhode.
District 4--Bounded by Overton, Bayou,
| Market and Main. Committee, 7 X Warning.
Districts and 6-Bounded by Market,
Main. Adams and the river. Committee, j
p Robertson and W p Wilson.
District BOUNDED by Market, Bryan;
Adams and Main. Committee, Major +
District s. Bounded by Adams. Bryan.
Union and the river. Committee, K I Hal
stead.
Vance and the river. Committee, w A Holt.
District l0-BOunded by Vance, Wellington,
Calhoun and the river. COMMITTEE b
Foster.
Committee, J g simpson and J II Smith.
District 12-Comprises the Seventh Ward.
Committee, J + Porter.
District l3-Compriscs the Eighth Ward.
Committee. w b Lonsdale and W Smith.
District IA Comp ises the Ninth Ward.
Committee. A NJ Stoddard.
The above committees will visit their pa
tients morning and evening, 10 ascertain their
wants.
We supply champagne, port wine. sherry.
brandies, WHISTLES. ale. orange leaves. ex-
tract Of beef. mustard, lemons, bed pans and
medicines.
Applications for supplies will be filed for
parties residing north Of Adams street at l39
Main, and for those residing south Of Adams
az IS Madison street. entrance in the alley.
Nurses will be furnished on application at
headquarters. ~ Madison street.
Applications for either nurses or supplies. 70
insure attention. must be Endorsed by the ply
Physicians for applicants north Of Adams
street will be supplied AZ l39 Main street;
south Of Adams street az q Madison.
The following physicians are employed BY
the Association: Doctors s J o. grriEon. Sol
p Green, c Happoldt, W Armstrong and Z
w Morgan.
Physicians will secure blanks at either Office.
and their use L. recommended. a. pat cuts re-
ceive prompt attention thereby.
The following are the active member. and
the officers Of the Howard Association:
Presidential ID LanFEtad.
Vice Prosidcnn-A q hegnaud and W J B
Lonsdale.
socretsry-y P Robertson.
Treasursr-E Mansford.
faie. Fr w ] Smith. III Smith. ii Porter.
p B FOSTER W Holt 4 n Warrinr. j
Murphy. U u Anderson. A = FARMLAND. W
u Wilson. II u Bowen. " ; Rogers, n II Hal
rfcad. John johnson lAttorneyl, q W Cor
don, a stodiard. " Rhode. J Q simpson.
H5pqTsry Msmbsrs-Mayor John johnson
as ADLANesTAFF. President.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
NERVOUS DEBILITY.

a depressed, irritable state Of mind. a veal
nervous, exhausted feeling; no energy or an
nation; confused head. weak memory. offa'
With debintaunE, Involuntary DISCHARGE.
The cQnseq lencc q cNcesses. mental overuor|
or indiscretions. This Nervous Debility fnd
a sovereign cure in Humphreys HomcopathI
Specific, No. .. 10 tones un the ryrfom. -
rests discharges. diEncls the mental gloom an
dependency. and rciurCnsfeE the entire ~
ten. y j. perfectly harmless and always GO
cient. Price .. Tor package q Eve horo
tant In old, FERROUS cases. OF 81 per single bar
cold b. an Drurrisi1. OF sent tT nail on ~
cgirt Of price. Address HrnpHrrra' srFrrr|
HoHEQFtTHlc MEu1CEE CO.. No. fl Dr1n.
way, N. 4. IFi.4-tuli-rFiii-a.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

In the proceedings of the Citizens
Relief Committee, yesterday, as publish
ed in the morning papers, the following
report occurs;
CITIZENS RELIEF COMMITTEE. !
MEMPHIS. November Z, lsl3.j
The undersigned committee, TO whom
was referred the claims OF the city
naners for publications made by them
on behalf Of the sick and destitute, beg
leave respectfully to report that they
have carefully examined the bills pre-.
sented and recommend the payment OF
the following amounts, viz: Daily APP
neal $500; Daily Avalanche, 800; Daily
Register. $3.50; EVENING LEDGER, 500
Totai. 1880. We believe this to be an
equitable proportion Of the extra ex-
pense incurred by the above papers on
behalf of this committee.
S B. ROBBINS,
n. FoNTAIHE,
Committee.
The LEDGER has not made out any
bill such as alluded to above. A few
notices in the shape of regular advertise
ments may have appeared, and If so
were paid for or charged up in the usual
manner This was the rule toward all
the benevolent organizations. The press
of Memphis, we can safely say, did a
great deal to encourage and sustain the
oct;vs and noble workers who we're In
the field. and TO enlist sympathy aud
aid from abroad This was done in the
cause of suffering humanity, and IN a
verv effective manner. The losses in
Cured by the press we're very heavy,
lint in the midst of such trying scenes
we have had some kind words of en-
couraeement and thanks from the peo-
ple for even an imperfect discharge
of dutv. With the return of the people
and the revival OF business we hope by
legitimate enterprise aud industry to
merit share of the common prosperity.
The LEDGER occupies a distinct Held
somewhat to itself as an afternoon
PAPER and the only one which has ever
succeeded permanently in Memphis.
This is the result Of strict business man
agement, which tells in the newspaper
profession as well as elsewhere. Our
circulation is large for a city of $4,000
or 80 900 people, and advertisers are lib
eraI with their patronage. Times are
hard, it is true, with every line of bust
ness, but papers have to take their
chances along with the rest.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

THE Chattanooga Commercial says
Colonel J. II. Savage is spoken Of as q
ca,dio ate fer Congressman from the
Third District, and " as Colonel Stokes
intends 70 make the race on an indie
pendent platoon, the prospec, is that
We shall have vs.-y interesting three
cornered race
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

Mrs. Anna Wray, an American lady
sixty years of age, and resident of
London, has given notice to the city of
Geneva that she is the lawful widow of
the dead Duke of Brunswick, and will
sue for the immense estate which he left
to that city.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

An Eastern clergyman recently de-
clared that the Hhistling Of the railroad
engine on sunday tu0ried defau &c in
the face q heaEsn'
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11
PosTPoHEMENTs.
DISAPPOINTMENT OF TIE FAIR

WITH REGRET THE DIRECTORS OF
w the Memphis Agricultural and Mechan,,
ical Society announce that the fifth Annual
Pair has been postponed until further notice;
The extraordinary sanitary ana nnanclal
PEELED them reluctantly 70 this postponement;
az il Il evident that signal failure must
result from an effort 70 hold the Fair on the
j. q. BALLENTINE. President.
IFnV TrnrqntLE. Secretary. ~
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

In the proceedings of the Citizens
Relief Committee, yesterday, as publish
ed in the morning papers, the following
,.o,,art occurs.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1873-11-11

we consider "a unnecessary 90 dis
mute the Appeals assertion OF cir
culatiOn, a. not n man. woman or
child I'm memphis believes a.. I
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1873-10-31

yfoe.Bssasge SaEe.--Defauit having been
made in the conditions OF a certain mortgage
whereof, tho power theran contained 10 s7h
has become operative, eKeeuted by Grtgor
Labadie and Mary Labsdss, his wife, OF Van
Buran County, Michigan, 10 Prxncss ". Selhck
of Paw Paw, Comfy and State aioresald, boar
ing date the 22d day OF Decsmber, A. d., 1870,
aud recorded In the Office OF the Register OF
Deeds for the County Of Van Buren,. IN sad
State of Michigan, on the lad day OF December,
1870, 10 Lber 8 OF mortgages on page 2S5, mp
ON which mortgage there is claimed 10 be due.
at the date of this notice. the sum OF two hun
bred snd lightweight dollars and twelve cents
(S2S8. 12) and no suit or proceedings at law
having been instituted to recover any part there
OF. Notice is therefore hereby given that on
Saturday, the sixth day of December, A. D.,
1873, at one o'clock in the afternoon, | shall
sell at public auction. to the highest bidder,
(sale to take place at the front door OF the
Van Buren, County Circuit Court llouse) in the
village of Paw Paw, the premises described in
SAID mortgage, or 30 much thereof as shall be
necessary to satisfy the amount due on such
mortgage with ten per cent interest and legal
costs. together with an attorney fee OF thirty
dollars (s30) covenanted for therein, that ~ TO
say the following pieces and parcels of land =
lots number two (2), three (3), four (4, and
the south half Of fractional lot six (6) in block
number seven CD In the village of Mattaxan,
County and State aforesaid. 963t13
Dated Paw Paw, September II, 1873
FRANCIS w. SELLIcK. Mortgage.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1873-10-31
935-ly.
ErorH EnniiIN


Should keep Pages Arnica Oh Salve in the
house. 1t cures rheumatism, sprains, swell
lngs, salt rheum, fever sores, chilblaIns, scrof-
uia sores, piles, ulcers, sore eyes, burns, caked
breasts, &c. We simply ask that the afflicted
VIII try one box. the use of which will convince
the most skeptical, and do more TO introduce it
INTO favorable notice than volumes written in
its praise. Every day brings some new testl-
monlals from PHYSICIANS and others of the
wonderful cares they have effected with il.
The following convey the sentiments OF all {.
GENEVA. January, 1sG5.-Mr j. NJ PAGE
Dear sir: | commenced using your Arnica OIL
>alve N my practice come three years ago.
During the time, ] have used it in numerous
cases of Dipthera. ! always apply it to the
throat warm, and ia no case where ! have used
It nave ] ever known the disease to 60 TO the
lungs, nor have lost q patient with that com
plant when J was called IN the first instance.
i have also used 1t with the best success IN
cases OF Piles. rheumatism, Salt Rheum Group,
Eryslpelas. scarlet Fever, and IN fact m all
cases where an external remedy is required.
wOnld with greatest confidence recommend II
10 the profession as d remedy that Will do all
that is claimed Cor It, and in no case will it do
harm.
Il. l.. EDDY, NJ d.
It is warranted TO give satisfaction or the
money refunded. Sold by Druggists at % cents
a box, and will be sent by mail on receipt OF 30
cts. All orders should be addressed to
953tl3 j. y. PAGE, Geneva, n. !.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1873-10-31

e'hanccry %nIc.-By virtue of de-
ere made IN the Circuit Court for the County
of Van Buren, In Chancery, in certain cause
therein pending wherein Jason Garfield as
Trustee for George Worthlngton ~ Co, is
complainant, and Allison Flumerfelt aud Alice
Flumerfelt and Morgan b. Danielson are de-
PENDANTS, bearing date the oath day OF Septem-
Der, \, ID. 1873. snail sell az public vendue
to the highest bidder. on Saturday the Goth day
of November, A. ID. 1873, at one o'clock IN the
afternoon Of that day, at the front door Of the
Court House in the village OF Paw Paw, in the
County OF Van Buren,, and State of Michigan,
the following described parcels OF land situat-
ed in said County and state, VIZ: Let's num-
Der one l t. two ? and three 3 Ia kinnie's
addition to the village OF Mattawan, according
10 the recorded plat thereof
Dated October IS. 1873. 9G9t7
JOHN j. SHERMAN.
Circuit Court Com'r for Van Buren, O.
RICHARDS ~ BARNU1T COmpl'ts Solicitors
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1873-10-31

Notice $50 Hear CIaiTns.-Ip Pro
bate Court, Van Buren, County: Estate of
Hannah Passage, deceased. Notice is hereby
given, that said Probate Court will receive ok.
anime and adjust all claims ana demands OF
creditors against the Estate OF said deceased.
and Monday 9th October, and Monday. 18th
November, are hereby assigned for hearing
said claims, and six months from tho date
hereof are allowed creditors in which to pre-
sent their claims. 98GtG
Dated Paw Paw. Oct. 2, 1873.
GEORGE W. LAwToN. Judge OF Probate
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1873-10-31
Set The ssal! I'm Notion.
And as Such Low Prices

AS viii attract attention, excite admiration and
draw the public from every quarter to this
noted eetabshm Mt, the