National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1873-07-12

repudiate the law as Justified neither by
precopts Of morality nor by the dictates of
reason"
The shah Of Persia.
The visit of the Shah Of Persia to Europe
has given new interest to the history OF his
family and country. The storysof the Per
sian monarchy has been long the study OF the
most eminent writers. The researches oil tile
present century have led to IN almost new
history Of the great Asiatic states oil an
tiquity, and In this rehabilitation there Is
much that relates to Persia. When q royal
edict IL issued, 1t Ia generally prefaced with
recital Of the Shahs dignities, sueh US ,le
| "Keblih allen, the sovereign whose elevation
yics with that Of the pilnet Saturn, to whom |
| the sun serves for banner, whose splendor
EQUALS that Of the heavens, whose armies are
more numerous than the stars, whose great
meas Is like that Of Jemschid, and whose mu-
nificence Is like that Of Darius; the sovereign
who is the inheritor of the throne of the
Kaianians, Nasr-ed-din Shah, King Of Kings,
the son Of Kings, the great and mighty and
absolute Emperor Of Persia"
The individual who Is thus particularly de-
scribed Is the fourth monarch Of his imme-
date family, though claiming an inheritance
through his predecessors back to the re-
hottest time. The Chaldean empire, 1t Is
claimed was founded by Nimrod, son OF
| Cush, the grandson Of Noah. The family OF
the present Shah claim descent from Noah,
through Japheth. The Median and Persian
States existed before the Assyrian monarchy,
and were, perhaps, contemporaneous with
Chaldea. Tho supposed founder Of the
Persian monarchy was Ach1meues, some
where about b. G. $50. Persia was
then tributary to Media. Cambysses, OF
Persia, who died B: G. S5s, was married
to a daughter of Astyagcs, the King OF
Media; aud his son, Cyrus the Great, born
about b. c. SOC, overthrow the Mcdian En-
plre, which then included Assyria. Cyrus
conquered Babylon and founded the Persian
empire. He died B. c. 522. His family ruled
,, the Persian empire until Its conquest In b. Z.
3s1 by Alexander the Great In the division
! Of the empire of Alexander among his gene
rails, Seleucus Nicator obtained BabyloDia,
. Media, Persia and Parthia, and founded the
Syrian kingdom. In d. Z. 246 Parthia be-
/, came an independent kingdom, and cen en-
: the Perslans revolted, and the Persian mon
! archy was re-cstsblished under the Sarsanida
family. This dynasty continued to rule In
, Persia until A. ID. GAL, when the Saracens OF
Turkestan, one of the numerous families
, passing under the general name OF Turks,
. conquered the country. Persia during Its
e independent state had produced several mon
archs of distinction. Among these was
, Chosroes II. the Great, who reigned from bSl
to $780, In 1853 Genghls Kahn, of the Mongol
, Tartars, included Persia In his conquest, and
. his descendants ruled In Persia for several
= generations. They were succeeded by the
. family Of Tamerlane, and by Turcoman
y rulers, and finally, in 1900, Ishmael, de-
q scendant of the Sheik Suffice. induced re-
Il volt and established the Saffaveik dynasty,
Is The first Of these. lsmael, was the son oil 9
Kajar mother. The Kajar tribes preserved
!, their tribal organization, under their own
y khans or chiefs or princes, and liz l122 Faith
Ali Khan became chief of all the kajar tribes
In Persia, and In the came year he rescued
y Ispahan from O siege by the Afghans. The
N jealousy of the mobiles drove the kaJar chief
K into retirement, and soon after the reigning
=, shah was taken prisoner by the Afghans,
y and abdicated in favor Of his son-in-law
J. Mahmud. The Kajar chief soon organized an
In army, and expelled the Afghans, and was
l. himself assassinated by an aspirant to the
sc throne. Faith Ali Khan left a son, Muham
:, mad Hassan Khan, who conducted for long
oI time struggle with Nadir Kuli, On usurper
SC The latter was killed In 1747, and during thu
es intervening period three soyereigns Of thu
W old line had nominally reigned. One KERN
20 Khan then usurpcd the throne. Muhammat
!, Hassan Khan, the Kajar Chiet, opposed th'
u usurper. In 1T5l the Khan Of afghan sem
ar an army into Persia, In which emergency til,
" Kajar Chief drew around him ali the Kajai
IN tribes and all the Persians. From these chiei
m he received many presents, Including TIVE
IL diamonds, now worn By the present shah
es ounce, and the other Grown Of the Moon,
er weighing nearly an ounce. Muhammad Has
~ san Khan prosecuted the wer vigorously, ex
. pelling the Afghans and defeating the usur
ny per, but In 1857 he suffered great losses, an
&C. finally he was killed. lie left two sons, Agh
In Muhammad Khan and Hussen kuli Khan
or The latter was killed few years later
|, Kerim, the usurper, continued to rule unit
ITO, and, while holding Agha Huhamma
=, Khan q prisoner, rendered him unable :
D. have children. Kcrim died In IT'D, and Agh
re Muhammad, as the head Of the Kajars, bega
re u war for the throne of Persia. He was
n. hater Of all mankind, and his reign, while
-, lasted until 1Ty7, was q succession OF tn
," most horrible murders, mutilations, torture
1t, and cruelty. He murdered oil Of the Twin
mt descendants Of the preceding dynasty. II,
nv in 1877, was murdered by two of his attend
40 ants whom he had marked for strangulatio
IA the next day. Thus was the Kajar dynast
ou enthroned In Persia 20 years ago.
It's The second Kajar Shah was Faith Ali Shal
IDS who died In 1884; the third was Muhamma
to Shah, who died In 1S4S, and the fourth Is ii
in present Shah, who was born In 1888.
T.. The Kajar shahs seem 70 be a prolific rae
IN Every male person connected with thom Ia
ful prince or chief wearing the title of khai
MY Persia Is overrun with them. The first Shal
4 il for the reason stated, had no children. u
,w had two sisters. One of these left one sol
~, who Is Kan Ter Khan. The second Shah Fat
len wives, Including permanent as well as temp
nee rary residents 0f the harem. He had q
m children; OF these $50 died In infancy and ,
No sons and 40 daughters lived to mature AZ
o'o All the sons had children, though not all ,
ION many each as their father. The sons, gram
Nd sons and great-grandsons Of the secor
My Shah, now very numerous, are all princes
,se the blood. The 90 sons alone had 80 chi
drcn. The number Of the children by Il
'ss daughters Is not enumerated, the male LII
alone being princes. Muhammad Shah, Il
third monarch of the line, died IN lS4S age
the sons and four daughters only two OF who
~, were by the same mother. His Oldest son
UNI thcpresent Shah, who was born April 81, 1873
the The present Shah has lost nine sons and mar
lied daughters, who died young; and has thr'
'ys sons and .ix 9aughssras Lying; Thes s,i 20
,ol. born In 1850, Governor of Ears. who has o.
''i- son and four daughters. 2, Musafer ud-d
ore Mira, heir to the throne, born In Octobe
nd, 1851, who has six children. 8. Kamra
Of Mira, naib u.s. Sultaneh, seventeen years
he'd l,age. OF the six daughters five are marie
~, and several OF them have children. The Shi
ys has four regular wives, that IA, those to who
INK he Is allied by marriage ceremony, but Il
,m- number Of others has not been stated. 1t
n stated that In one instance, at least, he h
Mr.. recruited bis regular matrimonial charge
'n Europe. He Is accompanied In England by
suite OF Princes OF tne oloou anu otheTn, nui
In bering about Atty persons,
ley, The territorial area Of Persia Ia 835, 0
Of square miles. The population is betwe
or. four and five millions, or about that Of q
~, u State Of New York. The annual revenue
ses. about s13, $50, 900, leaving a surplus
uch q, 600 900 annually. The Shah owes
Zen, debt, and the treasury Is filled with gold a
YAH jewels to the value Of $50, 0OO, 600. He Il
an army of ISL 600 men OF all arms. The II
tne jority OF the people are Mohammedans,
!, II OF different sects. The Catholics have 81
ave eral bishoprics, and the Protestant missile
lint have several stations. II Is needless 10 s
q. that the Government Is an absolute d
III potism, but the present Shah evinces q disl
NIX sition 10 rise above the Incidence Will
nal marks tho luxury Of Oriental nations.
the
cry 4 Husba ud's Triumph.
Dor The BrantfOrd Courier is responsible
' to the following; A gentleman on Bessci
the street last week tried an experiment Will
II. kl ...tG