davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
Hay DEALERS AND Hay SHIPPERS.

In the hay trade the effects OF the panic have
been generally lelt. Mr. W. b. Browne, No. 2s6
Washington street, said there was great difficulty
in making collections, ana the price of nay was
much lower than IL was before the panic. On Sep
temper ton OF tie best nay cost sSi now II cost
only $50. This reduction was owing to the panic
and also TO tue very high prices which had pre-
viousy prevailed. In Albany, Greene Dutchess and
other counties the crop had been very late indeed
ana the strlngency OF the money market Kept Gus
toners from buying to any considerable extent.
The hay dealers are all short or money, but there
had not, thus far. been single suspension or
failure. There were about 700 or $50 men employed
IN this branch, and but lew OF them were out OF
work Their average earnings are from SO TO sl5
week; drivers earned from IL TO S14 and hay
'.rollersh about 81 week Trade was very dull,
ana stable proprletors bought only what they re-
quired Tor immediate use while they generally
lald IN supply ior the winter at this time. There
had been falling on OF twenty per cent in the
consumption. Before the panic the prospect was
very good but farmers we're short OF money, and
had to send their hay early into the market.
Mr.. Rlckerson, OF Williams 4 Rickerson, hay
shippers, at zO2 Washington street, said there was
great depression in the trade. 1t was very ditii-
cult to sell lor cash. Southern customers wanted
sixty days credit, and were obliged 10 wait for the
proceeds OF their cotton saies before they could
pay. The demand from cuba was very good; but
freights were hlgl, because very few vessels were
gong out, and the present freight rates
asked by the owners OF sailing vessels were
from 81 50 10 s3. gold, per bale. In regard
10 the city trade IL was proper TO state that car
men were not feeding their horses as literally as
formerly IL horse was earning but 81 or 81
day lor q carman he must feel like 'splnching''
him. Before the panic the price OF hay DOR ship
ping) was nom $21 to $22 and now 1t is but from
slgto s2l The prices OF the better grades OF hay
were not so much affected. In the South their
customers generally laid in supply Tor three or
four months at this time, but now they were only
buying what they required for immediate use.
Their sales for the South were twenty-five per cent
lighter than they generally were. and IN the city
the trade had fallen OF ten or fifteen per cent.
Within the last three or four weeks hay dealers
had reduced wages So week, yet on the barges
month or two an Improvement in the trade might
be expected.
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
THE CANDLE MANUFACTURERS.

representative OF the firm A. Gross Co.,
candle manufacturers, SAID they were working
their full force, usual. Trade was very good
indeed; they had not been so busy for twenty
years as they we're now ''Candles,n he said, 'are
not articles OF luxury, but OF necessity. In the
West, where new territories are constantly OPEN
ing, there is demand for candies which Is
continually on the increase. II would be the
height OF cruelty TO discharge our men just
when winter sets In, and we are glad that we
have no occasion TO do sou Collections he added,
were little slow IL was true but there were
always some men in times like these who were
glad to have pretext for not paying their debts,
and some men never paid at all. The panic had
not materially affected the price OF candles. On
September they were twenty cents pound (or-
binary candles), and now they were about nine
teen cents a pound, only one cent cheaper. He
thought there would be no further reduction Of the
price, and that trade was In very healthy condi-
tion.
Another candle manufacturer was called upon.
and he gave also encouraging account OF the
present prospects OF the candle trade. Candles he
said, were now In greater demand In this city than
they had ever been before, and no failures IN this
line need be anticipated
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
WOOD AND WILLOW WARE.

The wood and willow ware business in his city
.s confined within comparatively narrow limits.
There is not mandatory in the city. All the
goods sold here are manufactured either in Massa
chusetts New Hampshire or in Baltimore. From
Massachusetts especially the largest quantities are
supplied. The prominent wholesale houses here
have customers all over the country, and do q
business covering several millions OF dollars an
nually. The smaller houses do principally local
trade, and, consequently, their business is OF
more nuctuatng character The principal
houses are not endeavoIing now TO push q
trade. September ana October are the best
months in the year tor wood ana willow ware
men, and these months being passed merchants
are not anxious 60 risk anything preierring To sell
safely and let things take their course Both coun-
try and city business is now done as q rule on
small scale only. or reasons common to every
business at present Southern merchants went
home without investing in these goods believing
that the panic was Wall street bubble and would
blow over. Very lew orders have since been re-
ceived from them. In general the trade is duh all
over the country, though lew OF the city mer-
small decrease from the November receipts or
last year. The smaller houses invariably report
business as very dull and collections as very
difficult. The hands employed In the large whole
sale houses average about twelve Tor each, but the
general average lor the twenty-seven houses in
the trade IN this city Is about six. 1t may be SAID
that no house yet has discharged any or the en-
pl0yes In the retail houses reduction OF perhaps
iorty per cent on goods has occurred, though it
as best they can ana sell TO customers high as
they can. Taken altogether TINS business has lost
Its best month--Uctober-andi is now much de-
pressed.
firm OF Washington street say that collections
are difficult and tnat they are not trying to make
sales Their sales now are not more than half the
average oil ordinary business. Trade, however, is
Improving.
Another dealer III Washington street reports bis
sales as lair, but the collections much diminished.
Manufacturers, ne says, cannot much longer, mold
out, because business s so generally dull He
rl.ly a
class OF goods at thirty per cent less than the usual
cost the manufacturer admitting that he was
pressed ior money. City business is very duh.
A firm OF Chambers ST. eet states that III october
their trade up TO the usual standard, but this
month 1t has been declining. They are not
forcing trade, but continue TO receive orders,
though Tor small quantities. In the city trade Is
bad. Their instructions 10 their agents are to sell
only to the best men,
A firm OF Fulton street say that their trade is
dull but that so Tar tDey have found their coec-
tlons fair. II Is only about hall up TO Its standard.
They are not trying to extend business, being con-
tent TO sell to their Old customers Fully fifty per
cent was lost by the dulnesS in October.
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
THE STARCH MANUFACTURERS.

The starch manufacturers are not much affected
by the stringency in the money market. One OF
the most prominent OF them in Park place said
The starch business was less affected by the mon-
etary crisis than any other branch OF business.
The collections were very good, indeed, particu-
larry when compared with other lines. Starch was
cniehy purchased by class OF customers that were
not speculative In answer to the query, whether
prices lower tnan they were before the panic
he said tney had mot deprecated paftIclen lor
two years. There were no worAmen employed In
tnis city, as all the factories were
outside OF New York. The two largest
firms had worked their fun force as
usual and he thought this years Production would
be in excess OF tnat OF any previous year. The
sales were not quite so brisk as before; customers
were not buying 20 large quantities, but tney were
purchasing smaller quantities oitener. The price
o starch was at present from nine to twelve cents
pound, and THIS was the same price that pre-
vailed before the "crash.''
Another manufacturer said that there was a
slight lalling Oh in the amount OF sales, which
owing 10 the panic and also TO the late season.
The trade was IN very healthy condition and
there had been no lailures thus far. Starch, he
said. was as necessary as meat aud people could
without
The New York herald., 1873-11-09

the partial susrenson o, work, IN order TO reduce
expenditures, hy the Pennsylvania Railroad COM
pany was Tor the purpose cneny o.
MAKING DIVIDEND,
and thus to bolster up the stock II 80, this Is
another instance OF tnhing VITA ana cheating the
Tom scott | may say that generally sympathy IL
oppressed ior him in his emDarrassments. ~ Is
Just seen him, remarked TO me that "the Colonel
looked greatly depressed" Jay Cooke, on the
Ss 0a asa ss mead
he bears himself haughtily and obtains
been told upon pretty good authority
tnat Cooke and Scott are contemplating making
their Pacific Railroads. North ana South.
CURIOUS PHASE or THE DIFFICULTIES.
IN some parts Of rennsylvanla, On and near the
Ohio border, new kind OF currency Is being used.
Jonn Smith. the manufacturer, promises to pay
sam Jones tiis workmanl or order three months
alter date. S5. $40 or mora dollars, an drawn In
form aud on good paper. The grocer or dry goods
men takes these notes readily without discount
but puts the discount on ihe enhanced as price of
But money lenders, ana there are such even W
these interior counties, VIII discount the notes
viii 20 no one can say. 1t is at least, a curious
phase OF the financial dillcultics OF the country.
Recurring to the Manufacturing ndustry OF snis
State may mention that on my Journey met .
Philadelphia halter who used TO enpioy nlty 70
sixty hands. He was compelled TO discourage
all. He had expected large fall trade and pia
pared i0r 1t, but the panic following the Jaw COOKE
failure swept away his expectations aid bus ness.
He told me that the felt hat manufacturers Of
mad all suspended work. In these times people
wear their Old hats, and. In iact are bringing
themselves down to such things only as are abso
lutely necessary. Even the b0otDlacks complain
oil the hard times In passing through Phiadel-
phia bright little fellow at the depot wanted to
give me a shine at reouced rates. He said he
used to make often So day. but now never over
81. People are retire, clng in the luxury oil black
Ing. Many specuatlons are made, find, as to tho
future. the currency and otner matters o. inan-
cal nature ana one grave gentleman on the cara
was endeavoring to figure out When we should
reach specie payments through Mr. Secretary
Richardson's important scheme OF issuing Two
hundred silver dollars week.
The New York herald., 1873-11-09

than ever before. lie says the ready made
ci0tniere, the straw goods nanuacf ureIS. the hat,
shirt aud glove makers are iae, and, as they con-
sumo vast quantities o. thread, this state oi aiars
The principal part oil tue operatives IN the
thread factory are females, and those OF them who
are expert can make about - q week at an aver
age. They tGrn out lU.000 dozen oil thread per
day. there are two savings banks in the iown--
the WiilimaDtc Savings Institution and the Dime
Savings Bank. They hold q little over $500,000 OF
the savings ot operatives. Oi the other manutac-
turing establishments are the Windham Clotn
Mills and the Smith Manufacturing COMPANY. The
tao together employ 500 looms and TOO hands.
They are working iuli time; but II the supply con-
tinues to augment without corresponding de-
mand they VIII be Obliged TO reduce the worklng
hours dy ty per cen,; Ihere Is %. NO dsposi,oS n0n
as tie other method OF diminishing
the expenses answers its purpose. There are
three SILK sewing thread mil.s-the Holland. the
Paisey and the Conant. Tney are working fun
time with force OF $50 hands. The Atwood Ma
chine COMPANY employing fifty hands, is working
hall time. These constitute the
INDUSTRIES OF wILLIMANTIC.
The operatives appear better provided In the
matter OF house accommodation than sewheie.
There Is one street OF the town where the elng
people live which is lined with superior class OF
frame houses. painted snowy white. and WI h
generous space OF ground around each.
ana considering that none Of them has less tnan
seven rooms, this seem reasonable enough. Mr.
Burleson, the superintendent of the tire id mis,
thinks that even with ha-Cime earnings the work
ing people would stu be able to live com iortably
through the winter. They would have little to
spare It is true; but 1t is only small minority chat
lives from hand to mouth aud, as rule, they are
thrifty III their habits Wall street, az usual Is
blamed for whatever depression prevails, and jay
Cooke Is held responsible Tor being the original
source OF all the anxiety and emb srrassment from
which the manufacturing centres suffer.
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
THE TROUBLE IW TRADE.
Manufacturers Must Have
Money.
DIFFICULTY or COLLECTING BILLS.
The Cause of the Labor
Distress.

80 general are the effects OF the money panic and
80 utterly beyond the antcipations or the most
cautious that almost all the large manufacturers
direction. The decrease OF trade and the conse-
quent falling or OF income has operated upon the
small jobDers who puy direct from the manufac-
tories, AMI they ind themselves unable TO meet
their bills when due. The entire community OF
consumers have, in anticipation oil worse days to
come, cut their living expenses down TO
the very closest possible figure. House
furnishing establishments and merchants OF all
kinds find that their daily sales decrease with
each week. Even the grccsrs, butchers and bakers
complain that the community eat less than at any
previous time within their recollection. Money
which has been usually expended Tor winter cloth
ing finds reader use Tor coal and rents. Men who
always rode to their places OF business now find 1t
very convenient to walk.
The reaction or this spasmodic effort al economy
throughout the entire metropolitan community
has been TO bring a very severe strain upon the
establishments vi ich have large amount OF capt.
tai invested ana whose heavy running expenses
have to be met by payment for goods sold
on time. The men who sell strictly for cash know
on closing their doors for the night the exact
status OF their business; but the wholesale trade
is compelled 10 give credit and now finds itself
greatly tried 10y its customers Tie present condl-
tion oil affairs, uncomfortable as II is cannot be
attributed to any thing other tnan sudden fit OF
economy caused solely by the shortness OF the
supply oi ready cash.
Reporters OF the HERALD yesterday visited many
OF the manufacturing firms OF this city ana por-
ton OF the Information OBTAINED Is given below.
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
MANUFACTURERS OF PAPER BOXES.

In this line the depression is very great, ana the
reports oI the manufacturers 81 gloomy Is they
well can be-
manufacturer IN Barclay 81 eet reports that he
has put his hanIs--flty In nutaber-on threequar-
ter time. His business Is only third oI Whal III
generally is at this season OF the year. THIS
branch, he said, was greatly affected by the dry
gools and other trades. and II their customers had
nothing 70 do they certainly wanted no boxes. Inc
trade in boxes was sun somewhat brisk, owing 10
the approach oi the holidays. Ills collections we're
very good, considering the hard times" Candy
boxes sod also with freedom, and probably
woGld uutil The Ist OF January. There would
probably be no general Improvement IN the
trade until February next the season being
already too iar advanced. Perhaps later, II tne
duliuess should con inue, theJ mlght be COM
pelied 10 nut their men on haiI Tune. The girls in
taer employ earned from 81 10 $40 week on an
average, aud the men irom Slo 10 $40 week.
A nrn on Fulton street sad that their trade had
not been 50 nat since 1860 They had put their
ninety hands on three-quarter time TWO weeks
ago. they mad discharged none OF their hands and
THIRTY three per cent IN their business.
collections were fair however, and al
though great many were slow IN paying the
difference was not marked. The men earned
about SO week on an average, and the girls
from SIS to 50 a week. Prces were about tue same
before the paIc in TACT. they could not we'll he
lower. they expected no Improvement until about
February. Their customers IN the tobacco Inc
were apparently taose who were least affected;
luOst IL tue boot auu Suoc auu LHc ooSHcu
10 have suffered the most. There never was
better prospect said one OF the firm, than that
before the panic, and the moment the failure OF
Jay Cooke was announced IL seemed 10 stop the
whole BUSINESS
Another trm said they had employed their full
force OF nlnety-lve han1s thus iar, but there had
been falling OIL Of n4ty per cent IN tleir sales and
they would probably De compelled TO put their
hands on hall time the middle OF next week. They
had always some girls who mad parents or sisters
to support and these they would keep, come wnat
might In 1867, alter the panic, IL was just about
a. a = al
last so long. Iney worked principally for large
factories, and when these were smut down there
was nothing Tor them 10 40. they thought there
would be no improvement before the lst of Janu-
airy. None OF their hands would leave them, he
said, on account OF Jae reduction OF time, rs they
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
BUSINESS IN NEW JERSEY.

Latest Phase OF Affairs i'm Newark, N.
J.-Matters Growing Gloomicr lnste ad
or Brighter-The Situation Amors; the
Bsewcrs, Jewellers, MasOns, Bricllay-
ers, Curriers', Scam sire sscs, tSc.-A Tour
Among the Newark Marketmen-Sat-
urday Turned Into Monday-A Poul-
tcrer "Scared' for the First Time in
His Business Life.
In Newark, which has been often styled the
"Blrmingham Of America" owing to its extensive
industrial interests, there are employed, in
good times, in the various manufacturing and
other Industrial pursuits, from 10000 to 10000
persons-men, women, boys and girls. the
entire population Is nowI about 125, 900; ;
the sUnited states census OF three years ago
sci it down ut 000 but it is notorious that the
census, possibly rom unavoidable causes. greatly
underestimate statistics and, at least 80 lar az
Newark is considered, is not 70 pe entirely relied
on either IN figures OF acts. In its list OF Indus
tries IN Newark IL omlts about a dozen or So in
Guiding several most important trades. Under
the head OF manufacturing" 1T states that there
were, altogether, employed IN Newark III 1S70 in
round figures, $1,000 persons. The following is its
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
TIE MANUFACTURING CENTRES.
Few Factories In Wfllimantic on
Han Time-The Thread Mills Unem-
barrassed and Full Time-So Dis
trcss Apprehended.
WuLiMANrfc. conn. Nov. &.

WILLfhANrfc, Conn.,, Nov. C. 1879.
Inc embarrassment IN the manufacturing inter-
esis Is not yet felt here. The willlmantic Linen
Company, started twenty years ago with capita,
OF million, Is the principal establishment OF the
place. II embraces three mills, with united
power OF 10000 spindles and q force or 700 hands
One OF the mills stopped two weeks ago Tor
the purpose OF cleaning up and connecting the
machinery with set Of new wheels. II win
resume work next Monday, and all three WIN
continue running full time until further notice
These mills are engaged exclusively IN the manu-
facture OF thread. Besides the yarn they make
themselves tney receive an additional supply from
the Dunnam Manufacturing Company, winch h
running it's mill on half time. Mr. A. II. Burleson,
of The Willimantic Linen Company, tes me that.
though .bey have no intention just now OF rcouc-
ing
THE PRODUCTION or THREAD,
the demand has fallen on in q more marked degree
The New York herald., 1873-11-09

nau made n uiuprence OF aoout Ave per cent in tho
pricc oi CANDIES, which would amount 10 reduc-
ton OF about one cent per pound. Colec-
tions were poor, and they were compelled
10 extend credit IN a gre at many cases. The low
price oil gold had also affected the prtccs Of the
OILS which they used IN the manufacture OF candies.
They mad not iet the general depression 50 much
BECAUSE their orders were 40 heavy during tire
fail Their Soath American trade was also good.
Tor. OF course, people IN South America mad
scarcely ielt the pane at all. He expected sl2ht
Improvement curing the holidays, but was unable
10 give decided opinion as to the eventual pros-
poets OF the candy trade,
The New York herald., 1873-11-09
IHE MILLS OF MASSACHUSETTS.
The Manufacturing Interests Only
slightly Affected by the Financial
Crisis--Most OF the mills Running ON
Fail Time and No Reduction In wages.

Ths renowned and thrifty manufacturing cIty,
Ike all others OF s class In The Eastern States has
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1873-10-19
CONTINUED PROM FIRST PAGE.I

ast, not having even d nIorsel OF bread LETT.
AT this point the sitting was adjourned
The courtroom was crowded, and there
were frequent scenes of excitement. The
accused was embarrassed in manner, and
often hesitated in making bis replies to the
searching Investigations of the court
VERSAILLES, October lS.-Upon the re
sumption of BaZaincs trial to day the in
ferrOgation of the Marshal was continued.
In answer to the inquiry why he did not
destroy the forts and war materials before
snrrenderiug to the Germans he replied that
he feared the enemy would take revenge
If he did so, besides the labor was too great
The president Of the court asked hliH what
grea ter rigor could the enemy have shown
that which was imposed Bazaine replied
an an evasiae manner that such destruction
was unexampled and besides he thought
Metz would revert to France. In reply to
other questions in regard TO fags, the
Marshal mentioned that he publicly and
distinctly ordered them to be destroyed.
HIS orders were to have them ALI brought
to the arsenal for immediate obstruction.
This concluded the examination OF the
Marshal by the president. Bazsine after
ward made a statement, complaining of his
book on Metz being treated as q justifi.
catory memoir when the truth was all was
written from memory only. without consult
ing any documents.
The governmental commissary interro-
rated him as to his knowledge of his wife's
whereabouts, and asked him how he knew
her address in September WAS at Tours
Bazaine in answer. said he ascerAined it
from the German newspapers, and subse.
quently from German officers.