, 1873-08-03

tolldtl to commemorate Ruee!a'A tri,rnnh nvo1
Napoleon, is also locatod in Moscow, on the
riYor.banlt abovo tho Kromlin. It was founded
lilo yoar Of tho invasion, but IL not vet com.
plotted. It hns n mosaic pavement Of porp!yry
mud labrodorito, which arc also uHed In ttnshi,,a
Tho walls and columns. Tho Cathedral of Knyan,
In Moscow, ia remarkable chie1y as specimen Of
old Russian architecture. It waH built In 1864.
md, though now presenting most grotesq,io
was regarded nB 30 groat Il work ut
that timo that Ivan tho Torriblo, wlo built 1t to
commemorate ono Of Ills Victories, caused tho
eyes Of tho architect to 10 put out, for foar ho
should onrloh another land With similar nrcln-
tectural wonder.
IhoBo ovidoncos Of Rusaia'a wealth and great-
moss haso boon hastily grouped together for tho
purPose OF impresaing tho render with the fact
.hat muhliiconco and culture 60 hand in hand
IN Aahsla. Americans, with au exalted
iaoa OF tho "bignoaa" OF all things in
tnolf own country, can scarcely fail TO
wonder at tho "bgnoss" Of all thinua in
Noba'a. nation which celebrated tho 1.000th
annlsoraary ann OF Its Government ut Novgorod, In
i5oa' must havo peculiar interost for people
that arc making preparations to celebrate their
first Centennial at Philadelphia In 1876.
THE ANNUAL FA1l Or EUROPE ANN Asr.
foaturos Of Russian lifo il to bo found in tls
annual fairs hold during two montha Of thu
yoar at Nijny-Novgorod, or Lower Novporod
This is a city which ordinarily has about IN INC
inhabitants, but ita population ts incroaaoti ta
1000 souls during fair time, number tl,at nan
always DO accurately computed By tho amount nj
bread which tho bakors sell. This tempo1ary and
transient population il gathorol from all parte Of
thu world Thn {nfr Ia nt,r Il H..
plain whore the Volga antl tho Okla nivors moot.
which arc tho Mississippi and Missouri of Rus
eia. It has endless rows Of shops, and couutlees
masta and Observation-Disclosures line the rivera.
Tho craft present motley sight, -barges from
Siberia aud tho Ural, steamers from ABtrakl,au
and tho Caspian Sea, boats from Moscow aud st,
Petersburg, and picturesque Asiatio vossola,-
which annually ind their way to Noygorod
through tho network Of Russian rivcrs. Side hy
sido arc exposed tho goods OF London, Paris,
and Berlin, and tho products Of all the
Asiatio countries. All nations, costumes.
and languages aro represented, and tho
tradc from July to August 81 ovory year
amounts to moro than d hundred millions Of ru-
bles, tho articles boing in every case delivered On
tlle ground. The bazaar, wlero portion of this
vaRt trade is done, contains over 1900 stalls, and
is surrounded by canal as protection against
fro. There iB perfect system Of drainage, tho
aowors Quilt Of cut stono) boing flooded with
wator Bovoral times q lay. The necessities Of
tho fair haye long aince exceeded the accommo-
dations Of the bazaar, and tho traffic now extends
ton miles alorg the banks Of tho two rivera.
Tho sheds In which the Siberian iron, in all
forms, ia piled up, arc themselves d mile in
length on tho Oka. Along tho Volga aro waro-
housca Of cotton, tea, hidos dried fish, rags, mill
stones, and other merchandise. Tho Volga ia
nayigable for 1000 miles and tho Oka for 1000
miles, and thoBo lavo their tributaries Local
fairs are held along tho borders Of Siberia and
China, which arc moroly' accessory to this great
gathering.
THE GREER CHURCH,
Tho religion Of Russia is that Of tho Grooh
Church. It was introduced by vladimor the
droat, who studied all the religions Of tho day
before ho ordered tho destruction of the idols.
Ho rejected tho voluptuousnoss of Mohamme-
daniB1n on account Of Ills repugnanco to crcum-
ciHion and tho Introduction OF vino JudaiBnl, be-
CAUSE he thought it irrational to initiate wonders
In the dosort of Sinai; and Roman Catholicism,
becnuHo the Pope appeared to him to DO IN earth-
~ deity. But ho accepted tho rites of tho Greek
Church, with which ho was much impressed, md
introduced tint filth In tho yonr $50. Tho Gov
ornment of the Church is vested In tho Holy
Synod, which is dependeut on tho Superior,
who is really tho hoad Of tho Church. T1loro are
two classes of ecclesipstica,- DlNcl1 Clergy,
WHO tako monastio VOWS, md tho Whito Clergy,
who aro SECULAR. Tho Black Clergy aro coibatos,
but tho Whito Clergy aro allowed to marry. The
various ceremonies OF tho Church aro beautiful
and imposing.
RUSSIAN DANQUETs.
aTo havo already intimatel that the Mar.
rative, prepared from tho diary Of AIr.
Ioubat, who acted aa Secretary to Mr..
For, 1s unnecessarily proll1, ofton tod.
ore, and always fulsome. Tho visit OF the
mission WAS q constant suocoBsion of banquots,
which did not di1ror materially one from tho
other, whether they wore at Cronstadt, st. Po-
tersburg, Moscow, or Novgorod, or whether they
wore official or private. All Of them wcro lavish
in character, but full description Of ono would
have answered every purpose as wol1 as full de-
Hcriptons Of all Of thom. At loaBt twenty bills
of-faro aro given in detail, and tho speeches are
reported 80 fully that they would SOON to have
boon taken down in shorthand, il they did not
road as though Mr.. Loubat had written them
out at his elegant leisure. Some Of tliem abound
in the most startling flights OF oratory.
At every banquet woro exhibited portraits
Of Washington, Lincoln, and johnson with such
uniformity MI to induce tho boliot that, when
they had dono sorvico at one banquet, they ore
duly Bont of to tho noxt. Bands Of muac wcro
present at NIL the banquots. Tho musical pro-
grammos showed a poverty Of nativo compost
ton, but they made up by an unusual supply of
American national Mira. It ia Hafo to Ray that
4" Hail, Columbia " WAS nover played as often
in America, in tho eamo leugth Of time, aB it
was in Russia during Mr.. Fox's visit. Thcro
arc two remarkable features about n Russian
banquet. Quo is the za!uaka," or sort Of pro-
paratory appetizer, which couaists Of yari-
o,1s relisles, a.lch as caviar, herring, olives,
pickles. etc., and AZ many kinds of strong
drinks, brandy, lunamol, anfsetto, and othors,
served before dinner. Tho other feature ia that
of taking up the post-prandial orators bodily
and tossing tholn In tho mir whom thoy mako a
particular happy hit III response to toast. As
Mr. C,rtn tho Hecrotary of tho American LeCo-