davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09

channel wide and deep enough for the passage
OF vessels drawing from ~ 10 20 feet oil
water. The bill referred to proposes to give
the engineer in charge OF this work, complete control
of the Of the passes during the time the work Is
going on. Major Howell. who is now the United
States Engineer in charge in Louisiana in his report
ust printed calls particular attention to Interference
with his work by the Tow-boat Association Of New
Orleans. He says;
been overcome, and the people of New-Orleaus. most
interested to-day acknowledge the good done. So far
SO well but there Is a powerful monopoly known as the
"Tow-boat Association" domiced In New orleans. con
trolling it, commerce. opposed TO the Improvement OF
the channels the bars at the mouth of the Msss
sippi and having in it, power ut time TO render
valueless any Improvement attempted. This Association
has, time and again, williuly and maeiously
retarded my work. and damaged aud destroyed
its fruits In 1871 and 1884, I checked 1t
by an assumption OF authority I had not the
legal power to enforce 1878 this did not serve MY
report month OF March, 1879 gives the details OF
blockade effected by the Association, at South
West Pass aud maintained with such persistence as to
force the removal OF dredges TO Pass POutre The
fact that this monopoly holds the commerce Of New
Orleans its feet well known to necessitate more
than the simple statement.
These artificial distractions have turned aside the
commerce of great port of the West into more
expensive channels and the object of Mr. Vests
bill il to give the engineer in charge while the
dredging il going on, the power to decide when and
how vessels shall pass over the bar.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
AFFAIRS IN CUBA.

CAPTAIS-GTNERAL JOVEIIAR WILL NOT RESlGN-liE
SAYS THE ISLAND Is ENTIRELY TRANQUIL
STRANGE CONDUCT or THE COMMANDING GEN
ERAL AT SANTIAGO.
HAVANA. Dec. 7.-Captan-G General JOvellar au-
thorzes the statement that the entire island Is tran
Ouil He has no doubt that all will be arranged
peaceably and satisfactorily. without the slightest
difficulty. He now declares that he does not intend
10 leave Havana OF transfer his power into the
hands of Gen. Merelo the SeguRdO Cabo, who arrived
by the last steamer from Spain. The feeling of the
people in Havana is quieter, and no disturbance is
apprehendcS The disposition to comply with the
mandates of the Home Government and the obliga-
lions OF the treaty with the United States without
further discussion is becoming general
The General commanding at Santiago de Cuba, IN
the absence Of Gen. Burriel acting without orders
but believing he was doing right, placed 92 OF the
Vireinius prisoners aboard the Spanish nian-of-war
Bazan and sent them to CieDfuetos The few re-
naming prisoners were either too i'll to be removed
or being youths OF tender had been set at lib
orty One of those thus liberated has been engaged
as q waiter on one of the Government steamers. The
prisoners while al Santiago, were well treated by
the authorities and in no way molested by the pop
ulace When the Bazan reached Cienfuegos her
commander announced by telegraph to Havana his
arrival with the prisoners. The CaDtain-General
Answered by ordering the immediate return of the
pBazan aud the prisoners to Santiago, where they
must have arrived by this time
HAVANA. Dec. S.-Gen Buruel sailed from Havana
yesterday for Santiago de Cuba TO resume command
of the Eastern Department.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
VIEWS OF GEN. SHERMAN.
his REPLY TO AN OFFER OF GEN. n. Il. roERra

HIS REPLY TO AN OFFER or GEN. n. II. FORREST.
MEMPHIS, Tenn, Dec. 6.-1he Appeal will
publish tomorrow the following correspondence:
MEspHIs Tenn, Nov. 20, 1873.
10 Gen. ". 7. NIRBAAS. Commdnderin Ohfef Unifed
States Army, Washington, u. q.
DEAR GENERAL: BY kilograms from Washington and
other sources, appears likely 10 become IN
voved In with Spain II so, presume the seat OF
war will be in Cuba. In should become in
hereby tender you my services a voluntee think
could enlist from 1000 10 5000 who served the
Army during the late war; aud short notice.
and who could rendezvous at New Orleans Mobile Pen
sacOla and Key West, either cavalry infantry
Yours respectfully. N. Is. FORREST.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY UNITED sTATEs.)
WAsnfSGTos, Nov. -, 1871.
~ b. FORREST, Memphis
SiR Yours Of the 34th Is received and have sent II
10 the War department with this Endorsement: ke
spectfully referred To the Secretary OF War
for file among the hundreds OF offers that
the archives TO wait coming events. l regard
NJ r. Forrest OF the most extraordinary men de-
yelOped by civil war and were 10 left In the
event of requiring cavalry would unhesitatingy
accept his services and give him prominent place
belisy he would light against national enemies
vebemently he did against and that Is saying
don't believe there will be war for neither Govern
ment wants war. Again, In the event Of "a with
Spain account Of Cuba the bulk OF the fighting would
be anost for whoever commands the sea can have
Cuba. We may not have sufficient
heavy iron-clad ships, but then some could
be had and have abundance OF good naval officers
aud seaeD leaving for land forces the smaller task Of
Occupation No part OF this will likely be connded to
me therefore have cent your letter " the War De
wa and provides tie meade Tor IL prosecution.
w. T. bBEkbAk
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
SINGULAR FRUsTRATION OF AN ATTEMPTED
BANK ROBBERY.

ELMTRA Dec. San ingenious attempt to
rob the Second National Bank OF this place was acct
dentay thwarted last Saturday night ID T. Pratt,
President Of the Bank having occasion TO enter the bank
vault during the evening, discovered some brck-d
that had fallen in from above through crack between
the iron plates Thinking the circumstance suspicious
Mr. Pratt up stairs to the rooms Of the Young Men
Christian Association. which IN the bank building
Dr. Hart President OF the Association, was there. ana
the two the carpet the southeast corner or
the room and discovered that portion OF the floor had
been taken 10 and strewed together. Removing the
hoard tney were astouned TO that the sotd mason
nv of the arch OF the bank vault made OF brick stone,
and cement had been almost entirely removed, at east
TWO cart loads having been carried away The iron
pates OF the vault laid bare, and in the hole thus
made we're found "a full OF burglars tools. number
OF iron wedges eight Of powder two rubber sacks
and curiolsiy contrved iackscrew which was 10 po-
son to the plates OF the vault DR. Hart sa that
there had been strange men IN attendance the
aiding room of the Association for week or two who
were ALWAYS the ast To leave. Que OF these found
al the foot of the when Mr. Pratt went down. aud
WAS al once taken into custody He SAID he was from
Roson and In his found 500 nne gold
watch and two heavy chains He denied any kho"E
edge of the attempted burglary No other arrests nave
been made The broken masonry sfterward found
deposited in the rear OF the oper, House. How the
burglars managed to carry on then WORK without oehg
defeated Ia a nv stery Several suspicious persons VINO
were stopping nj the Elmra House have disappeared
leaving their bills unpaid
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
THE AGREEMENT WITH SPAIN
FAVORABLE PROSPECT OF A PEACEFUL
SETTL EMENT.

SETTLEMENT
CAPTAIN-GENERAL JovELI.AR Will. NOT RElGN-HE
SAYS THE ENTIRE ISLAND is TRANQUn-TIIE
RESIGNATION OF GEN. sICKLEs-A SPECIAL AP-
PRoPRIATIoN FOR TIE NAVY REQUESTED.
All our kilograms TO-DAY agree in representing the
prospect of a peaceful execution of the agreement
with Spain as encouraging Captain-General Jovel-
lar authorizes the statement that he does not now
intend TO leave Havana turn over his authority 10
his subordinate He asserts that the entire island
Is TRANQUIL. and he has no doubt that
all win be arranged satisfactorily without
the slightest difficulty. Secretary Fish has re-
iterated his belief in peaceful settlement In re-
gard to the resignation of Gen. Sickles, of which
there is now no doubt Secretary Fish observes com
plete reticence. The apprchensOns iii regard to the
safety of the Kansas are relieved by the intell-
gence of her safe arrival at Santiago de Cuba after
"A stormy voyage. The naval preparations are likely
10 be carried on with undiminished energy. The
Secretary of the Navy has asked Congress for a
special appropriation of S5OOOOOO and the commit
tee to which the request has been referred is likely
10 recommend immediate compliance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
np1N1nNs Ar WASHINGTON.
SECRETARY FISH HAS no DOUBT OF PEACEFU
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. VIEWS IN REGAR

SECRETARY FISH HAS no DOUBT OF PEACEFUL
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. VIEWS IN REGARD
10 CEN ICgI.ES'S POSITION.
10y TELEGRAPH TO THE TRrBUNE.l
WASHINGTON Dec. S.-Secretary Fish, at the hour
of closing the Department to-day, said that he bad
received no information leading him to doubt that
there would be a peaceful and satisfactory settle
Inent of the Vireinius matter. He said that the
Government of Spain and of the United States are
on the most arncahle terms. aud that he does not
donbt that the former has sufficient strength 10 en-
force the return of the Vrginius and the release OF
the prisoners He said that ne had received DO nOti
tcatiop of the resignation of Cen Sickles and that
he knew that he had not resigned Notwithstanding
the Secretarys pOsityeDess, 1t is well known here
and in New York that he has forwarded his resigna-
ton. and has telegraphed the fact. This is from
source so high that there is nothing beyond.
TIIY UNsATIsFA CTORY CONDUCT OF GEN. sICKLFs-
WHEN THE SURVIVING PASSENGERS OF THE
vIEGNIUs ARB 10 BE SURRENDERED.
IGENRRAL PRESS DIsPATCHI
WAsHrNGTON. Dec. s.-There is reluctance in Off
cal quarters TO talk abOut the anticipated or actual
resignation of Minister Sckles, pending the eXecu
ton of the terms of the protocol There is no doubt
il was owing to the unsatisfactory conduct of
Mr.. Sicklcs that the negotiations were con
sunmated at Washington between Secretary
Fish and Admiral Polo EGen. Sickles being
a retired officer with ian annual salary
of 5G25 was at liberty to where he pleased and
in accepting the Office of Minister 10 Spain IN May.
1859 he has drawn the annual salary OF $1,000 for
this service but nothing on army account, as the
law prohibits the drawing of more than one salary.
On his retirement as Minister he will draw his army
pay.
The Secretary Of the Navy saws that he has re-
ceived nothing whatever confirming the report that
the surviving passengers and crew of the Nirgnius
have been delivered on board the JuDiata. Apart
from what the Secretary says it was only yesterday
or to-day that the arrangement was formally com
pleted here for the contamination of the provisions
of the protocol The delivery is to he made within
the next ten days.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
THE CAPTURE OF THE yIRGINlus.

THE CAPTURE Of IHE NlRGINIIS.
OPTICAL REPORT or REAR-tDMIRAL SCOTIA GUARD
PLACED BEFORE THE AMERICAN CONSULATE
WHEN THE PRISONERS WERE LED TO EXECUTION
THE PRISONERS not ALLOWED 10 DEFEND
THEMSELVES.
lBr TELEGRAPH TO THE rRBUSEl
WASHINGTON Dec. s.--Lieut. Chip. the meSsen-
ger sent by Commodore Braine with dispatches TO
the Government as stated last night has arrived at
Key West aud reported to Admiral Scott, TO whom
the dispatches were delivered. The Admiral was
directed TO give the points of the report by tele-
graph, which was done to-day The following dls-
patch war received by Secretary Robeson
H. & FLAGSHIP WoRCRsTgR.i
KEY wRsT Fla. Dee. ., 1873.
m, Bo, gro NJ RoBEsoS, secretary ofht NdoE
The yirginus was captured Oct 81 ut .. MS miles on
sorsDt Po,ut jamaica che sighted by the TORNADO
n mes south Of Cubs. she war chased e'gh' "onrs'
apo Eve sbots bred " brDg her TO- hDt wa '"p
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
AT MADRIn.

HEAVY FALL on THE BoURsE-wHEN THE SPANISH
GovERNMENT Is OBLIGED TO SURRENDER TIE
PARIS Monday, Dec. S, 1873.
cipher dispatch from Madrid. dated 9TH an
nounces a heavy fail the Bourse. consequent
upon the dispiriting news in regard to Cuba, and
President Grants declining TO accept Cen Sickless
resignation. and approving his action in
the case of the Virginius. The resignation was
based on the fact Of the Washington Government
negotiating directly with Spain, overlooking Cen.
Sckles. who claimed that the Government failed to
protect him.
The Spanish Government asserts that 1T IS not
bound to surrender the Virginius until the 18th of
December.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
In, TELEGRAPH TO THE rRpusE.l

WASHINGTON, Dec. s.-The early consideration OF
Senator Vests BILL introduced to-day in relation 70
improvements at the mouth Of the mississippi
River, Of great importance, not only to New
Orleans but 10 the whole Mississippi Valley. Con
gress annually makes large appropriation to pay
for dredging and other work ut the parses OF the
Mississippi ID order w bcep that TiveI open with
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09

THE NEWCASTLE BANK BURGLARS SENTENCED.
NEWCASTLE Del, Dec. s.--The bank bur
glars were to-day sentenced to pay fine of $500 andhe
costs of, the prosecution, and on "Wednesday next to
stand In the plory hour and receive 20 ashes each
aud then suffer imprisonment for 10 years.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE MISSISSIPPI
RIVER.

SENATOR VESTS BILL TO GIVE rHE EN6iNEfH IN
CHARGE COMPLETE CONTROL or TIE PASSES Al
TIN MOUTH or THE NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. WITH
1IiE WORK BY THR NEw-oRLEANs TOw-B"Ai Az
SOCIATIoN.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09

The heller in saw mill belonging to Alexan-
DE-, M.ssr, one of ,swbndge Ohio exploded
,nog III. engineer Joseph
~. wa, =, s ahsr pscs Of ba-is 800
is.1 ~. n,Ii 70 .esr,st<p ossDsi'.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-09
SERIOUS ILLNESS OF PROF. AGAssiz.

SEKIOts ILLNtsS OF PkOf' A"N'''@'
BosToN, Dec. S.-PrOf. Agassiz is lying teri-
ously ~ at HE residence IN Cambridge HIS phNsiesn
~. wvmsn. spent si i.st Dight W the sekts&
Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1873-04-12

THE Republican State Convention for the
nomination of State ticket is TO be held at
Columbus on Wednesday, May 2lst, at which
candidates Tor the following offices are 10 be
nominated Governor Lieutenant Governor,
Judge OF Supreme Court full term), Judge OF
Supreme Court to fill vacancy, Treasurer OF
State, Attorney General, Comptroller of the
Treasury, and Members of the Board of Public
Works. Ashtibula county will b. entitled to
eleven dtleuaipg
Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1873-04-12

DECLINES THE BACK PAY.-We learn with
pleasure. through Washington special TO the
Cincinnati Gazette, that General Garfield has
notified the proper officers in the Treasury
that he will no, accept the $4,000 back pay
secured to him by the increased salary bill.
The worst feature of General Garhcld's case,
the oue which has had most weight in shaping
pubic opinion on the Reserve, was the suppos-
ed fact that lie had accepted his allowance OF
the BACK pay 1t is in evidence that General
Garfield in committee of pruned the salary
bil OF some of its worst fealures,and the pecu'
liar circumstances surrounding him as Chair
man. Of the Appropriation Committee, may
excuse bis mistaken policy in voting for tie
bill as amended, but nothing could Justify his
accepting the back pay thus secured. This
refusal will place him on much more favor
sBie position with the prople II makes him
riSht on the record, and leavrs the whole mat
ter in their hands. who whatever may be said
by his personal frisnds or enemies, will think
Rnd act for themselves. Gen. Garfield has
enjoyed reputation for integrity that lie
might weIlsbc proud Of His constituency
was certainly proud of II, and but for This
unfortunate vote he might still enjoy. None
have been panied more than many Of those
who denounee this act. His position now, It
IL 10 he hoped, will r, deem him In the favor
of his fiiends. We are Glad OF the opportun'
ny given US to pledge him anew or righihaEd
OF f.lloyship
Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1873-04-12


The Republican party can afford 10 rrpudiate
i's dishonest followers. The official tha wears
It's garments must toe the mark of honesty or
take a back seat. The great body of the Ameri-
can people were never more in earnest on this
point thar now. The grade of statesman that
comc into power hereafter, will be a trifle hig h
or than in the past The Forty second Con
gross has had its full share of honest and no
ble men but IL has also had n class that failed
to live up to the true standard of Republican
morality These men have been weighed and
found wanting, and better ones will take their
places. The lessons which have lately been
taught by the press of the country, will not be
lost on the men who come up fir, sh from the
people Recent Investigations have done
good in more ways than one. They have
brought our true men TO the surface and open.
ed the eyes of the pc ople 20 the necessity, 0
sending rs their rcpr esntaIivcs the very best
men that can be p reduced. The Republican
party is not immaccul ate. Ii has in lis ranks
men who disgrace their manhood hy act:
which no Republican can justify. But W.
have enough sterling honesty left, to ill al
the offices in the land and TO keep them filled
tor some years to come, without risking
a choice from among the army of Democrat
who nrc nj present rendering their honest ser
| vices" to Uncle SUN.
Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1873-04-12

TIE Democratic leaders are in sad condition
They affect high.toned morality in political
affairs, but fail to convince the public that they
are really converted from the error of their
ways They have preached honesty so often,
and practcied It SO little, that no one has con-
fidcnce IN their sincerity. The SHORTCOMINGS
Of few Republicans have been eagerly seiz-
cd upon by these disconsolate politicians, and
they have tried their best to convince the pco-
pie that an exceptional piece of rascaliiy was
the rule OF the party. But they have made
slow progress in the work SO many Demo
Gratis have been mixed up in the corrupt
schemes that nave been exposed through the
vigilance of the Republican party, that blow
aimed at tho head of an opponent is sure to
kill one of their own friends.
It's very perplexing to have their eloquent
sermons on the necessity OF political purity
marred by the indiscreet action Of their
friends. Ii they could only enforce honesty
among Democrats for few months, they
could then point to their followers as models
of political excellence; but TO enforce an I'M
forced to accept one of two allernaliyes-thc
reputation OF their own rascaliy, or their de-
fense for the sake of the power which they
WELD in the very element of strength which
makes Democracy possible. To repudiate, is
decentralization TO justify or defend, is to
disarm them of the only weapon which they
can WELD against Republicans.
Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1873-04-12
WEEKLY TELEGRAPH
ASHTABULA. OHIO.


THRER ocean steamers named afer oceans
have bees lostwim great Obstruction OF life.
The Artic was run down Oft New Foundlsnd
and $50 Iiscs lost; the Pacific foundered in
nid-ceean, II is supposed, with heavy loss
efHfe and now the Atlantic Is " rocked, and
from 500 10 COO lives lost. -"~
ew~A man was arrested for murder. tried
faupd guilty, sud hanged, all in one hour, at,
strealor, in this State, last week. The excuse
Of the mob fsf this hasty aud Irregular justice
wss, that the guilty man had committed two
murders, aud, as the tour,s bad let him escape
punishment for the frst, they wsn,ed 10 make
sHre he expiated the second.
C9- Brigham Young is believed to have
made an enormous fortune out nf his vari-
Gus 6uancial trusts he held In the Mormon
Church. At the semi-annu nual conference on
the 9Th, he resigned two of the most import
ant Of these positions, and is believed to be
about to withdraw altogether from the bust
mess ;sIf,drs OF the Church. The attendance at
the conference was smaller than usual
cxr The last matrimonial freak at Spring
Geld, Mass. A leader in the ton of that ton.
R,ak city took fancy 10 he married In the
same building IN which her mothers bridal
occurred-the old Unitarian Church. But the
church had been converted into furniture
manufactory, snd so II became necessary Ia
arrange the sofas and chairs and the wedding
was held in She furniture wareroom.
~ On the afternoon Of the 5h, the most
terrible hail, wind, and rain storm in all the
history OF that town burst upon the city ot
Darlington. 1t came with fearful velocity
from the southwest, and swept the business
psrt ef The vicinity, working great damage
70 houses and feeding itself on human life
1t lffted roois of houses, and carried th' m
hundreds of feet and dashed them into splint
ers. Substantial brick building were removed
fsesS their foundaiiOee, and others crushed II
upon their imateA IL one building, seven
were killed.
SE THE gallows at San Diego, California
was cheated of its victim lately In very In
eeniOus way. A murderer named Fenwict
died from the effec. ri morphine, and inves,i
CATION showed that the condemned procure'
il by means OF paper on which letters from out
side friends wore written. The paper had bcct
impregnated by some chemical process aud s.
when the prisoner WIS careIessly chewing
little bits of paper his keeper thought moth
ing of II. But the fact turned out that th
prisoner was thus cheating the gnllows. .
tNOcEAN ielegraphs serve as well as rail
roads TO illustrate the rule that when cOmbin
alton Is possible competition is impossible
Owing to the rivalry OF the three companie
engaged in International telegraphy, there ha
been considerable TALL in rates OF late year
and the laying of new cable gave promise {
a stiTl greater reduction. Now all these hope
must be abandoned. 1t is announced that "A
rangcments have been made for The immeda
consolidation of all the oceanic telegraph con
panies, which wants only the ratification ofl
Directors 10 place all cable messages und'
oue tariff ''-
Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1873-04-12

List Of Patents issued from the United States
Patent OIicu TO ONO Inventors, for the week end
ing March, 25 1873 and each bearing that date Fur
nishcd this paper by Cox Cox, Solicitors OF Patents,
Washington, u. G.
Roll Tor Rolling Railway Rails. J. w.
Cooper, Hubbard.
Means for Buoying and Stopping Holes in
Vessels J. W. Cooper. Hubbard.
Brace Drill. G.. Gibbs. Canton,
Animal Trap. A. VI. LoYett Znnesville
Cider and Wine Mill. A. McCreight. ct al.
Tranquility.
Proc ss for Treating Tobacco. j. A Sta:-
ford. ct III. Cleveland.
Hasp Lock. Il. p. Stimence. ct al. Perry
vile.
Single Tree l.. Williams. ct al Clermont
Co.
Shank Laster for Shocmakers. ]. II. Bear.
| Cincinnati.
| Hat and Coat Hook. l. Danner Canton.
Moudcr's Pot or Ladle. j. McLeary. Mar
! tins Ferry.
Door Spring. S. Cutler. Cincinnati.
! Machine for Wiring Shcet'Metal Pans. w.
FoglesOng. Dayton.
Combined Fire Plug and Cistern. +. Latta
ct al. Cincinnati.
Rack Drilling Machine. G. Lohnes Spring
field.
Cattle Guard for Railroads G. W. New
ton Hubbard.
Clltivatpr w. II. Plat. Dayton.
Earth Auger. Ii. g. Sloufer. Canheld.
Bed Bottom. Il. q. Van Duzen. Cincin'
NATL
Clothes Wringer Thomas Pool. Bruins
wick.
Lathe Rest. c. A. Bauer. Hamilton.
Combination Lock. w. g. McGll. Clncin-
natl
Machine for Tapping Pipe Fittings. E. Rog
crs Cleveland.
.. Rotary Balanced Cutoff Valve. P. Shelen
t,,,.l al