, 1873-01-27
THE DAIRY.
Northwestern Dairymen's Associa-
ton.
Closing Procccdings--Tlio Dairy
Co,v--Isuttcr and Cheese
nIal{ing md Mar
lIctinE.
From Our Oton Correspondent.

ToloRr&phto dcapatchoB kept your roadoTH in
formed Of tho proceedings Of the Northwestern
Dairymen's Annual Mcotng, at Whitewater,
WIS. Delayed trains so interrupted mail conneo-
tons that details OF tho 1attor part Of Tho mces-
Ing could not promptly reach you.
1.-THE DAIRY cow-nnEEDs, BREEDING, AND MAN.
AaE31ENT,"
.yaa tho subject OF an exceedingly valuable nd
dross by Professor Miles, who has had charge OF |
small lords Of Short Horns, Dovons, Ayroehiros,
and Gnlloways for several yoars past. Com
rnencing with strong Illustration OF tho i'm
po1tance Of improving our 100000 cows
IN tho United States, by calling atom
tion to tho fact that, whilo the avor-
ago annual yield of milk por cow
in the Northwest was said to be not moro than
$3.50 pounds per COW, ono dalryman in New
York had socurod yiold Of nearly 5000 pounds
mar cow ho called attention to tho fact TINT two
opposto characteristics cannot be developed at
tho samo tilno. II milking qua1itios are
largely developed, Homo other quality will
fail. Different broeds OF cattlo illus
t.ato this, as wc find ono breed
we'll adaptoG for ono purpose, another suited to
q different purposo. Tho dairymon will find that
COW best which givoB tho largest amount Of pro-.
duct for food consumed. It is no recommenda-
tion that COW cats little; a COW that eats
largo amount md gives a 1argo return Is what is
wantod, as tho COW is but d machine for convert
Ing tho rnw mntorial into milk. It is also dcsir-
nblo to have COW that will fat readily whon 1t
is desired to diaposo Of her. 4 brood Of animals
ig a. family which has bcon bred with roferenco
to ono or moro characteristics until they aro
fixed and will DO reproduced with certainty. a
so-called " nativo" COW may bo q fine COW, but is
not 10 certain to reproduce her good qualitieu.
In breeding, wo must Bet up our ideal, aud
brood aB noar 1t as possible. The value OF q
pedigree is simply that it furnishes evidonco
what tho ancestry OF the animal was. We must
be suro tho pedigreo is truo one, and that 1t Ia
complete. Not only should good chnr-
soteristios DO bred in, but undo-
sirab1o ones must bo bred out.
In.and-in breeding tonds to firmly fix the char
acteriatics Of the animals. 4 dangerous practice,
vhero followed blindly, it is also, in skilful
hands, very good plan. A bull should DO Sc
leoted from tho best milking family obtanablo,
and no may bo bred to his own calves. If ho bo
sound and have no defects to bo perpetuatod.
These are but few Of many points In tho nd
dress, which closed with brief references to
several Breeds ana description et . Of the 81 Aylo
dairymon Of the West. This is . modern brood,
and Soma arc much better than others. Tho
more recent importations arc betto1 than those
made many years ago, and now it is believed
that there nre botter AyroBhlreB In America
than in Scotland.
Mr. John f. Cornwall, m experienced dairy-
man, gave tho following description Of
4 GOOD DAIRY COW:
Long from the eye to the nose; With little
hesh; mouth broad; face with mild expression /;
smooth, waxy horn; neck thin aud little
dropping from tho shoulders: withora springnB
above tho shoulder large heart-place ! the ribs
from hip.ioiat to drop Of toll, then dropping
straight hollow thighs, to give room for tho
full udder; udder lying we'll forward on the ab-
lomen belly atraight.
There was lttlo that was nor developed 90 to
BUTTER MAKING.
Tho comparative merits Of deep and shallow
pans for setting milk arc not yet sottled. An
Interesting paper from Mr: Boios, Of Marengo;
for. all his factory could make for next throo
months, suggests whether the establishment Of
more butter factories ia not advisable.
As TO CARE OF NILE AND uEAoruRE OF oHEEsE,
good advice was reported. Mr. Hazen, Of La
doga, Wis, proprietor Of tho 1argeBt cheeBo fac
tory in the West, while believing that the New
York cheese generally is better than that Of the
West, also believes that in tho Northwest 8ome
choese is made that equals my In the East, Mr.
difficulty in making sales In New York markesa
ON this account.
Mr. Wilder, Of Evansville, Wis, called atten-
hon to SERIOUS evil in many cases,-that Of
email number OF cows could bo lad for each,
Ho also strongly recommended having the milk
carried to tho factory by, few persons, the
patrons paying them for this work. He thinks
ence showing him 1t 10 worth worry littlo.
A young lady present o]aimed that sho had dis
covered b which ae5 aao - sm
monty done. The process was not made public
and It's value cannot bo determined.
Tho question of
BEST METHODS OF MARKETING DAIRY PRODUCT
In New York, Boston, and Chicago were read
Tho Eastern dealers spoke Of the rapid improve
ment in the charactor OF Northwestern dnir,
the building % up Of Of SiH liz
tatlon Il tho products q each rogiol
and OF each factory, 80 fur as possible, and
thought buttor ought to share tho advantages
ohcese has received from the factory system
regular saleB-days at convenient points, as thu
beat modo Of making saleB, md, no1t to this
consguments to responsible commission NOR
chants.
The paper Of ". D. Hoard, Luke Mills, Wis.
was m elaborate argument iii favor Of boinl
prepared to send chncae into foreign markett
when this should 0oem advisable, and spolt<
net55Gngy OF The faaadgantaEe Of chipping
that Ut least 20 car-loads Of oheeae Wero shipped
from Wisconsin to New York or England. at o
critical timo In the marriott last summer, had
done much to prevent a bad break IN tho mar.
ket. Ho also thought all choose made before
September should be promptly sold. Figures
we're given showing tho low rates at Which
sheese had been shipped from Eugland,-abo
81 per hundred pounds from Watertown, WIS.
Dr.. Stone, Of Elgtn, ILL.,, read paper strongly
advocating tho cncourage einent Of homo ma1kots
--thoaa in tho Northwest, Wcst and Southwest !;
md declaring that tho practice OF sending tho
best cheese to foreign markets tended to keen
down the reputation and consumption Of cheese
1t home.
concerning tho absolute
DEcnEAsE or CNEEBE-EAFINa
in aome places in tho Northwest, while other ar
toles, holding about the Same general rank, were
rapidly coming into general favor, aud alHC
pointing out tho fact that cheese ia high in price
compared with many articles OF food, wore per-
tinent and worth thinking about by dalrynieu,
showing, az they do, that thora Is no over.
supply Of the cheese markets Of tho Northwest
Tho sams points were illustrated in the Beore.