, 1873-09-04
to build. up ther famo; ono Of the o,sa' Toakess


roints Of materiallats Is to ind new Bpoolcs! A
rrroat number ot specles IL WRONG. No arc In
11obted to tho Darwiniats for many new
tiiingss Wo think uem on tho wrong
track, atld no arc sorry for thotn, but sro
tbaukful for tho rosulta thoy. bring. Ho
cailod attontiou to tho law that, however
many ditlorout urociea NO may discover wo slnil
% die ont, nu,i wo shall have re.naining only few
Of tho original forms loft. Ho then roforrod to
tho pke|otons found in the cnvos Of Montonc. IN
Trence, which arc most remarkable. md show no
siunH Of rotrogreBsion, but Of nen Of most mng-
rt niiicont proportfons They nro supposcdt to hnYe
iiyoI boforo tho 1na1nn1otha dlod out. These
tvnoa Of mon apponr to llnvo boon tho moHt mag
ni!cent, and arc vaatly superior TO many T o. tnS
That tho ancient form Of man was not approx,
euisn snnorior m 10 the proaont typo. !, -,
Prof Wheldon read paper On I1o nretlo
anl Othor Plouonona, Considered. with f!otor-
chco to tho Atmospheric Theory OF ~ Amono-
! ratod Climate, and nm Open pola1 hea." Mr.
Ocean, in both hotnlaphorcs extending ,geno-
rally al far north as TO dogroos. and including
nyo or six Of tho largest riycrs u tho world
draining region Of 9ooo 800 OF go oSo squHse
Who{ldon controversial tho statements mado BY
tno lato Prof. Rogors, OF Edinburgh, IN hla
physical Atlaa, Of. d convorglng aud. rotating
ocean, .at,d discussed tho nomo"hnt coplnBeu'
question oi ontloss, as leanc4 by thet goutIl1o,
nan md also Ills viows in regard to tho
| movements Of tho wntorB OF tho tl1lf strcam'
Capt. Barrow eonBidera tho Polar seh ns ~de"
fiuod BY ofrclo on the latltudo q ~ uogfeos,
| of 2401 geographical mitaa In diameter and
S,2o6 mil miloSs ID circumference It Hooma to havo
bseM supposed that, because it asirtonildh ano
position Of the thooEeo . POLE It must h,co, nGcos
% rSyoyo that hgga T.
post, ,-ono Of them spoaking OF it % "a piyot
or point Of tue axis on which tho giobo OF tho
oarth swiugs" An American not long since do-
tho Polo itself" The subject ot Arctic cutrenta
current from The sibo,ian rivera toward ,' spitz.
bergen ead dreenland described: This great 9tss
co and dfiftwood neatly or quito in tue na1, trsGk
enet prolongetion OF tho dlf stream
80 that, on tho dn'f-Stroam tinofy. m .ucee ~
telgonce Furnished By pr psterman iocstee tho tho
Tolar curront far to tho cast and nearly IN tno
middle Of tho epitzborgon sea. Iho surveys
and OF Aaml yofn ~ togdtS IT. nf
aublect Of out1ots aud inlets as detnod BY Prof.
Rogers apoaks OF nehr,ngs stfe,ta as ono qos
Of tho renlls @ nIf Two nsssS nssant 0us ~ 1 ir
: shAlowneaa and subsequently, IN me aamo pa.
per makes it the special Inlet OF tho yapanoa,a9
0 cllrront, which he uAce to rolniofco TUG tul1
: Stream neither OF which, aa tho Bpoako5 pe-
liovea, rcachoa the Arctic Ocean ~ aM. yap:.
! Straits woro quoted as vol ~ thoao Of Adnta ntt9
0 Rogers. The several temperatures OF inc hfotit
a Ocean, and tho poles Of cold. wore conslaeren
and tho remarkable fact stated, that tho poaitio1
! Of tic poles Of cold is nearly in tho cen
trail latitude ot tue great M icehplt ao,"a WING, e.
surrouda tie Polar Yet nna tna Iort
IA ,yni ~ south OF it.-a fact confirmed by Ill OF
!, plorcrg north, and rocontly. by Capt. Hall an
u Capt, Tyaon, OF the polaris expedition: III
u ico-blink-ono Of tho most constant Arctic pho
= nomena--it Is believed can only bo explained Q
- the atmospheric theory. Capt. - sald no wa
u satisfied no man could explain tho phenomena
T. aB lie had seen Iii there is no difficulty III dom
II so in tho present light on the 6onleesi ~
N Dr.. Kauo, aud othcts, wore note
as The ice-barior was nc1t considered. It has boo
u examined at all points, and no gataway gs clain
y cd, has over hoau found through it. II tho dl
II II Stream keopB opon sea, ~ alleged, no doul
~ ~ it would koep an open gateway into IT, and,
~ ~ far ns that may CO. Capt silaH DontB theory
~ ~ reasonable. Tho general climate OF tne Atot
70 1cgions was considered, and large amount
~ evIdonco as to its character furnished. Cap
1s' porry found frosh-water ponds on the i
Y; north Of tho !atitudo OF tho pol'
ou Of cold, Capt. Hull and Capt Iyse
a. describe tho climate as mild beyond the
~, expectations, aa shown by tue absence OF slo y
g and Ice and rin,ng Thermometer. Animal Il
Gu is abundant III tho Arctic regions. on the NOV
no tain rangoa Of Spitzbergen aud Greenland. il
r. Mayen, Kennedy Chnnnol, and probably OIL mo
'no 20 northerly shores. al Winter Ihoro orc ma
10 facts which appear Ar 70 ausnof,
.ro climate mild as i not much moro 30 t. tha