The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1873-09-23

iuS sesscls' Oauut COWS are small milk
ers. A good constitution is important.
This may be Judged of by the luster of
the has and the briIliancy Of the eyes and
horns. Constitution depends mostly up.
on the heart aud lungs, the size Of which
may be determined by the depth and
breadth Of the tbcrax. They should have
good development, enough to tecnre
health and vigor. but the lungs, in par.
ticular, should bol BE- excessively large.
When very large the, burn III, b, iucreas.
ed respiration, the fai-ioiuing material.
BY the extraordinary enc, ~ they create,
they induce unusual exercise aud motion,
which make rapid waste OF tissue and
assimilation to repair it, and thus divert
nutriment from producing milk. If too
small, the animal may be an excellent
mixer while she lives, but will be feeble
and short lived.
The capacity of the lungs corresponds
with the size of the aperturcs through
which they are filled. Large, open nos
trils indicate large lungs, and rice rersa
In the same way the indications Of the
mouth correspond with the size Of the
stomach.
THE UDDER AND EsCuTCHEoN.
The Udder should be large and capac.
ious. 1t need not be heshy. 1t should
be broad and reach well forward. A
large development Of the fore part.of the
bag is more certain indication Of quaint.
ity than the back part The teats should
be set wide apart and be of good size for
handling. Teats which are small next to
the uddcr, denote small tubes inside the
bag, which, of course, is unfavorably to
quantity.
The flow of blood to and from the nd.
der helps to determine the inclination to
secrcte milk The arteries which supply
the milk vessels with blood reach the bag
inside, and are not seen externally, but
having supplied those organs with blood,
they pass through the udder and ramify
on the surface above and outside Of the
bag, turning the hair in the direction 10
which they run, upwards and outwards,
forming the escutcheons of Guenon.
The size Of the escutcheon is regarded
as the measure of the quantity Of blood
supplied to the producing vessels,
and are evidence of the carability of ella.
boroting milk. In the same way the veins
take up the blood and carry it back in
the milk veins, which pass through the
bng and along the belly, and enter the
bod through one or more holes on their
way to the heart The size Of these milk
veins and the holes where they enter the
body vary with the cscutcheon, and like
it, give evidence of the quantity Of venous
blood passing away from and through the
udder, and they have the same signif.
canoe, with reference to quantity. as the
supply Of arterial blood and the size of
the escutcheon.
But none Of these indications taken
singly is an infalliblc evidence of large
yield. They must be considered togeth.
err. a large escutcheon and milk veins,
coupled with small stomach, should be
marked down at least one-half of what
they might otherwise signify. And a
large digestive apparatus, coupled with
small milk veins and escutcheon, should
be marked down in the same way. Keep
ing the leading indications in view, obser.
alton vii! soon enable one to make close
estimates
RICHNESS.
Soft fine hair is by many regarded as
an evidence of richness, and oftener than
otherwise it proves true. But some COWS
that give the very richest have hair that
is quite coarse and harsh. The appear.
ance Of the skin is another guide. A
clear white, or pale skin is an evidence,
either that yellow fat is not formed, or ii
formed, the peculiarities Of the animal are
such that is used up in supporting respir-
alton. When it is SO abundant as to
lodge in the pores Of the skin and gives
it yellow color, it may be expected to
appear also in the milk and give it the
same color High color and richness sci.
dom fail to go together, hence yellow
skin becomes an evidence OF rich milk
But it sometimes happens that the skin is
Of such hue that the yellow fat does not
Affect Its color The appearance OF the
skin then has no significance.
The fat of animals is stored in a net
work Of cells, called cellular tissue, and
an abundance Of these cells is coupled
with tendency to form fat wherewith to
fill them. When COW is in milk, the
fat formed is carried away in the milk,
making it rich. Hence when this tissue
abounds, rich milk may be expected.
When dry, the COW having it fattens rap
idly. The supply of cellular tissue may
be known by feeling the skin. When it
is plentiful, it forms a sort Of cushion un.
der the skin, giving it soft and mellow
feeling. When it is wanting, the skin
feels hard, and the hands when resting
on the animal, feels very much as if rest
ing on the bare bones.-Canada Farm .
er.