New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-11-18


Dylamine, to which this popularity is supposed to
X Sne 10 yolatilize. II is remarked by Meinere,
who has written memoir on the suplec'; tns. the
pickle obtained from American nog nr ,bar tho ,
exhibit any poisonous cnAia0Vei ""S NV" w '''
Shich comes from butter.
IvpRoyrp GUN ARABIC MUCILAGE.-A serious OBJ
lection TO the use OF gum arabic, as an adhesive, is
tound in its showing through unsized paper. and
Aims producing semi-transparent blot. This
also attended with tho still greater inconvenience
that the two layers do not stick together satisfac
torily. On this account gum arabic muciage can
NOT he used for attaching paper TO pasteboard, nor
wood to wood metallic substance TO another,
since the gum peels off. All this inconvenience
may be romedied, IL Us said by adding to the gum
solution of Suphate of alumina parts OF crystal.
lied sulphate of aumina answering for 25 parts OF
the concentrated solution OF gum arabic, In the pro
portion OF two parts OF gum to five OF water Inc
water and the solution mixed direct with that of
the gum solution when ~ TINS sS sov wi of
alum replaces the sulphate OF alumlna, but TO
much less satisfactory degree.
How TO VARNIsH-Iti is essential to the brillancy
and adhesivenessof varnsh that the temperature of
The atmosphere IN which it is put on should be as
bigh as can conveniently be borne, since, at lower
degree of heat deposit of the invisible moisture in
the atmosphere takes place before the solvent in the
yarnish has sufficiently evaporated. This may occur
even on fine Summer days, giving milky, turbid
appearance to the varnish which can only be avoided
ly bringing the temperature artfciany up TO about
~. The article should acquire this temperature by
several hours previous exposure to it in the shop
aud should then be smoothed, washed and rubbed
dry with chamois leather or silk. All dust dirt,
and moisture are to be removed by means of brush
of suitable size with pure soft, hrm DrstIes, Inc
uso of any kind of OIL or grease being avoided Inc
Vgrnsh must be laid on with exceeding care, dipping
The brush lightly into il, and beginning short dis
lance from the edge, and working by direct, long,
rapd uniform sweeps of the brush of even pressure
40 the dyes and corners at each side alternately.
until the film has the thickness of paper The ar,
tcle shOnld then be exposed to the SUM- OF arneial
heat protected from draft and dust; since cold or
draft would darken the varnlsh In tins latter case
she brilancy and cearneSs can only be restored by
fhinly recOatnV the surface with the Varnish ana
rxpon directly TO the fire. so that the spolledpart
NAV be redssolved, taking care not to put 1t so near
that il will scale on.
SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION OF HAY.-A scientific
hasis has generally been conceded to the opinion
that hav stored when not perfectly dry Is liable to
spontaneous ignition. The following communlca-
lion by Ranke fully substsntiateS the opinion, and
Throws light on some of the conditions involved.
Two stacks of second-crOp hay, containing respects
lively about ~ and Is tons in apparently perfectly
try condition, were formed in a barn, between the
5th and 10th of August, during excellent weather
ihe usual strong hay aroma was perceptible, ln-
creasng in intensity until the 18th of October when
il was replaced by an empyreumatic odor from the
larger stack. which had length and hight of %
feet and width of 16 feet. Although externally, the
color and temperature were perfectly normal, the
removal of the hay was commenced on the 10th.
The upper portions sweated that drops OF
moisture accumulated on the hay. At the depth of
three feet in one and in another place at only one
and half feet, the hay became dry and hot,
and a distinct empyreumatie OdOr was
recognizable. At five feet, sparks appeared
in the stack and at the same time also, suddenly,
among the hay that had been thrown on the
wagon; and afterward it occasionally burst into
flame on the wagon although water had been APP
piled in the stack. In cutting out space to sepa-
rate it from the smaller stack which was unaffected,
such quantities of an irrespirable gas were given
out probably carbOnc oxide that the workmen were
driven back in from one to two minutes The burn
sing norton seemed to form q central nucleus TO
within II feet of the bottom. 1t was III the cQpdl-
zion OF true carbon with complete retention OF the
structure of the grass and the property OF leaving
mark on paper 1t seems, therefore; that hay, as
previously suggested by Buchner, III decOmposlng IN
this way is converted into highly porous carbon,
cantaminoted with matter suitable for rapid oxida
tOn and like many other forms OF carbon, possessing
prrophOric properties, not, however, when cold Inc
presence of considerable amount OF empyfeunlatlc
matter and some water, wasdemOnstrated by heating
5t in flask After expulsion OF these by continued
heating it cooled RAPIDLY IN the open ar WHOM HS
IN an oil bath ITO avoid possibility OF direct
ignition as well to secure complete expulsion OF
3he elIpyreumatic NATTER and then pouring II on
table little pile it rapidly fell to temperature
which could be borne by the fingers, but III Few
minutes increase of temperature became perceptlbie
until suddenly portions began to glow showing that
The presence of empyreumaticmater and an elevated
Temperature are conditions OF its pyrophonc prop,
erty BY heating portion in small peaker IN an on
hath and throwing it in a little pile upon table
when it ignited in several minutes, the tenpera-
ture at which the normal hay passed INTO tins car
aonized condition was found TO be between the
dusng point of tin and lead 446o TO 6l7 al expert
ment adapted TO lecture illustration. ,
The fact of spontaneous combustion thus estab-
ashed il remains to investigate the progress OF the
change in stack of hay, which produces the neces
Eary elevation of temperature for carbonlzatlon
The normal temperature and external appearance
sndieate that owing to the poor conducting powerof
bay all the heat evolved by chemical changes IN the
5nterior is accumulated there MAY not mineral coal
have been formed by process somewhat slmllarf
Apractical precautions against contiagratIons from
7his cause careful drying is recommended and also
abat stacks be not too large nor too much contned
and finally that intermediate layers OF straw or OF
soards or poles be introduced in such a way as to
facilitate ventilation.