davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

Do not work colt too hard during his
third year. From some cause a young
horse is not as able for hard work from
three to three and one-half years old, as
he was at two and one-half, and we are
satisfied that many horses are perma-
nenly injured by too hard work and i'm
proper treatment at this time of life. 1t
is an old saying that each year saved be-
fore the animal is five years old, is equal
to three in its old age.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
SWAYNE,a M A MNGOTH sPRTN6,s
Waite and Red Sulphur and Iron Sp'ss.

A PLEASANT and economical summer
II home, in Henry county, Tennessee, IL
miles east of Paris, and 3 ~ north of Spring
Vile depot ON the Memphis and Louisville
Railroad, and in hearing of the passenger
trains. Only six hours from Memphis-a
morning ride-aHd IL hours from Louisville
with no change OF cars or baggage.
Special rates Of fare by railroad to all visi-
tors from Memphis and Bowling Green and in
termediate towns
Purest and cOpious White Sulphur baths.
Cool nights and no musquito bars required.
Fishing, hunting and boating near. Hacks
meet the morning trains, at Springville, by q
shady ridge road, fifty minutes drive.
No cholera at Sulphur Springs.
Board as good IS the country affords-no
style" to pay for-per day 81. per week $40,
per month so. Servants and children under
ten years of age. half price.
Daily mail and express Offices at Spring
vile, for the Springs. Address there,
SWATNE Co
Proprietors Swaynes Mammoth Springs,
jyZ7-lm to their care.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Bellvue High School,
Bradford County. Va

JAMES r. HOLCOMBE, LII. D., Principal
WILLIAM K. ABBoTT, Associate Principal
The Ninth Annual Session of this SchooI e.
Boys will begin Sept. 18TH Beautiful and
healthy location. Full corps of Instructors.
Pupils are members Of the family. For in
formation address either Principal at Belle
Fue = W jy24-2m
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
TIEFF Plan OS.
IPw ARDS GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS
were awarded b Pianos in competition
with all the leading Of the country
WAREROOMs,
No N. Liberty St, Baltimore, Md,
OFFICE AND NvAREEOOMs,

PanFo S
iwihot
Rceeded inmakin
swibe foud
of dhandPi
to fully equal
NORTH
ohavebou
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

The fourth annual course of instruction in
this department will commence on MONDAY
the ldh of NOVEMBER, 1878, and terminate on
the third Saturday of March, 1874. Prelimi-
nary lectures on Clinical Medicine and Sur
gerry will be delivered in the ampitheatre OF
the great Charity Hospital, beginning on the
NJth OF October without any charge to stu
dents The Anatomical rooms viii be opened
at the same time. The members Of the faculty
are visiting physicians and surgeons to the
Charity Hospital, and give instruction daily
at the bedside of the sick
FEES:
AS the practical advantages for obtaining
thorough knowledge of Medicine and Surgery
are quite as great as, if not superior to- those
afforded by the schools of New York and
Philadelphia, the fees required are the same,
viz:
For all the Lectures, $40; Matrieulation,
3d. Practical Anatomy, SO; Graduation, $50
Payment required in advance
For circular and catalogue address
T. q. RICHARDSON, ND
jun 19-4m* Dem
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
University Of Nashville.
POUNDED IN IsSJ.

TNHE next session of the College and Pre-
i paratory department opens September !,
1873. Studies in the College elective. Disci-
pline military. EE2EE .sae
Tuition, per term of twenty weeks, $50 to
$50. r#
Board washing, fuel, furnished rooms and
Surgeons fee for same period, $lOj.
Apply to .a...
E. KIRBY SMITH,
jy10-lm Chancellor.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Norwood High School,
Session Opens Sept. 80. '7:F.

Session T@73-'7I Opens Sept 81. '7S.
WIN. D. cABELL CUniv. Va, Prinol
RoBeRr /. Harrison, NJ. A., University Vir-
ginla) Instructor in Modern Languages,
English, etc
TuoMAs A. seldom. Mathematical Mcdalist
University Virginia. Instructor in Aathe-
MATES.
r. II. WILLIS, Jr., Instructor in Ancient Lam
guages.
ROBERT L. BRowN, University virginia. In
structor in Bookkeeping,
WALTER HoLLADAY, B. Sc, G. and NJ. r..
University Of Firginia) Instructor ia up
piled Mathematics, and in Analytical aud
Applied Chemistry.
D. $. G. CABELL, University virginia) In
structor in Law.
The session will commence on the 10Th Of
September, 1873, and close on the 10th Of
June, 1874.
TERMs-$3JO per session, for Board, Tuition,
Washing, Fuel and attendance.
A deduction of twenty per cent will be
made in favor of the sons of clergymen.
For catalogues and other information ad-
dress VIM. ID. CABELL,
Principal,
au6-lm Norwood, Va.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Mrs. CUTHBERT
zgOardiDE and HAY school for
Young Ladies'.

DNHE Seventh Session of this Institute will
L commence on Monday, Sept. 3, 1873 with
the same corps of teachers as last year. Num-
Der of pupils matriculated for schola- tic year
Y and 73, $50.
For further information and catalogues,
apply in person or by letter to - E.E
MRS. EUGENIA CUTHBERT
1909 and I4Il Chestnut street,
jy24-lm st. Louis, Mo.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Memphis Conference Female
Institute.

NALL session begins first Monday in Sep
l. TENDER, and the Spring session the fourth
Monday in January.
Charges and terms remain the same. Send
for a catalogue. 4. w. JONES
jy2-3m President.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
THE HANNAH MORE ACADEMY,

The Diocesan School for Girls, Fifteen miles
from Baltimore.
OFFERS special inducements 10 those de-
" string tor their daughters careful train
ing, thorough instruction, high culture, and
the influence of a Christian home.
The next term will begin on Wednesday,
Sept. 10 1873 Address
REV. ARTHUR J. RICH, NJ D.,
jy Slim Reistertown, Md.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
TO PREVENT GRAY HAIR,
THE

OTANDS unequaled-having proved its vir-
y tues at Sixteen different Expositions and
Fairs. lis clear crystal; leaves no sui
phur or other bad smell on the hair, but fine
perfume. Never changes the hair 10 ridiculous
red or pink, only natural light brown or
black is the result in few applications =
Stains neither hands, scalp CIR clothing Cures
dandruf stops The hair from falling out and
cures any headache within ten minutes.
j. +. Fugazi, Manufacturer and Proprietor
New York City and Sacramento, Cal. Ask
your druggist, and give ii fair trial. G.. G.
phis.
BUCK & BAILEY,
mar 72-fy jackson. Miss.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
COLLEGE,.
SALEM, VA.
'rweDty-Iir~t% e~sIOW, IS73-'7 &. be-
gins sept. 8, and Closes
June H.

TOURs & Of study as high that Of any
~ College in Virginia. =
Literary Societies of first rank. Extensive
Libraries, Reading Room, Cabinet and Labor
atory. ~
Location unsurpassed in America.
The abundance of the Roanoke Valley rem
ders the expenses very moderate. For ses-
sion OF ten months Including Board, Tuition,
Fuel, Lights, Washing, etc, about 500.
Students from 10 States and Territories.
&sa- For Catalogues and further intorma-
tion address REV. ID. F. BITTLE, d. d.,
jyl03m .... President
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
KEN
MILITARY INSTITUTE
Six Miles frovu ErauLcovt

ENHlS College presents superior advantages,
Il among which may be enumerated n full
Faculty with superior men in every depart
ment, an unusually full course of study a
strict military discipline, and exemption from
temptations that ordinarily attend college life
In town or city.
The discipline of the camp combined with
the comforts of home life, can hardly be found
elsewhere. Parents solicitous for the moral
as well as the mental culture of their sons can
not do better than to send them to this School
Ihe Iwenty-eighth Academic year will be-
gin on Monday, Sept. LIST, 1873. Send for Cat
alogue TO COL. r.. T. p. ALLEN,
Superintendent,
~ ol-Im Farmdale, Franklin Co., Ky.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
NIIeC 1 - y
FEMALE In STIEOTE
STANTON, VA.
Rev. R. Il. Phillips. NJ A., : President.

A SISTED by corps of twenty-five expe-
N rienced officers, will open ils Twenty
eighth Annual Session, Sept. ~, 1873.
Location accessible from all points by rail,
and is undoubtedly one of the most salubrlous
region in the Union.
The Buildings with over eighty apartments,
are elegant and well furnished.
The Grounds embrace four acres, with walks
and shade trees.
The course of studies is comprised in ten
schools, conducted by graduates Of our best
institutions.
The school of music is conducted by seven
Professors and Teachers OF Vocal Music, with
unsurpuss cd advantages.
Modern languages taught by natives with
pre-cmincnt success.
During the recent session there were pupils
from fifteen States. 1t has long possessed the
patronage of the best people Of the Southern
States.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
ESTIMATE OF EXPENSES
Under date Of july la,h. Gen Inn -

Under date Of July 18th, Gen. Jno D. Free
man writes
Our daughters are sincerely attached IN
Capt smith, his family, and teachers at the
ATHEN KRd, and unite with me in our expres
SION OF gratitude for your unceasing care and
kindness to them, alike in sickness and in
health we have been made to feel that our
children are at home at the ATHExEUM. Their
advancement in education has also been very
gratifying, and their anxiety to return gives
simple evidence OF their own satisfaction with
sn0 soH"oL- jyl0-3m
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
EDUCATIONAL.
PRINCETON COLLEGE.
THE PREPARATORY SCHOOL

MR.. V. DABNEY, late Principal of the
department tor harding scholars en- Wednes-
day. September 10. Terms, 800 per aHnum,
wiiu extras
For circulars ldress the Treasurer OF the
The John &. Grccu school of
Science,
With a fu't staff of eminent professors, Will
be opened at the same time with the Depart
ment of Arts, Sept. 10. For pro ;rammes, adj
dress the Treasurer as above. ssss.
JAMES McC(DSAK. President Of 1ha
College of New Jersey.
iy16-Im
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

&0A Agents wanted All classes OF pso
" " either CID make more money AZ
spare all tie time than at nyhlnS
tlEnd. Mama
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
University of Louisiana.
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.
NEW RLEAN Ms.

FACULTY:
A. II. CENAS, NJ. d., Emeritus Professor of
Obstetrics.
JAMES JONES, NJ. D., Prof of Obstetrics.
T. G. RICHARDSON, NJ. d., Prof of Surgery
SAM Ell NJ. BEMISS, NJ. D., Prof. of Mcdi-
cine.
FRANK HAWTHORN, M. d., Prof of Mate
ria Medica.
JOSEPH JONES, NJ. D.. Prof of Chemistry.
SAMUEL LOGAN, NJ. d., Prof of Anatomy.
EDMU ND SOUCHON, NJ. D., Dcmonst rator of
Anatomy.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Central Female Tngtituto
-,IinIon. EGimds 20. VIi..

Rev. Walter Hilman, IL. D., Presia'l"
A SISTED by a large aud able FacH.
"A will begin its Twenty-hrst Acii'.
Year on Tuesday, September Z5d.
The last session was emiuently pro-I.
Over twenty per cent. more pupils
tered than were in attendance the prey
year, and a greater number than hnI '''.
catalogned since lSGO-Gl h..
The President, having resigned ihe DIT ~.
dency Of Mississippi College, which 11 '..
held jointly for the last six years, wilt FOO.
after give his undivided attention TO ~,
stitute. By concentrating thus hls emu,
perience and eners les, he will douul,. ...
able TO elevate the character Of the lh-'I.
even above what 10 has hitherto posses-,I t..
For catalogues or other information ''
the President Of the Faculty. ,-,,,r1
ROBERT KELL7,
President Board Of Trustee
Clinton, Miss, July %, 1873. Jy''--
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
MEDICAL COLLEGE
OF ALA b A NJ A.
THE NEXT ANNUAL. SESSION
HH OF THIS COLLEGE
Will COAsGae m &c ON the I1Ill OF Mo-
VeBMbeT and Close about the
2OGh Of the ensuing
March.

In addition to the Departments already ex-
the teaching of
PUBLIC HYGIENE and
MEDICAL JURISPRU DENCE.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Nazareth Academy,
NEAR ARDSTOW WIN, "a

GLASSES will be resumed on Wednesday
~ Sept. lst-
1t is greatly to the advantage of pupils to
enter at the beginning of the session.
For Catalogues or any information desired,
apply TO the Mother Superior, Nazareth, near
Bardstown, Ky. jyl6-2n
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Fair Lawn Institute.
JACKSON, MISS.
Jackson High School.

TINHE Second Annual Term of the jackson
/ High school will commence on Monday
Drtober 9Th 1873 Rev. John Hunter wall con-
tinue as Superintendent OF the School; irut.
a W McLaurine ms Principal, and Mr.. sci
den Watkins a. Assistant. Other teachers
will be employed should the patronags OF the
school justify.
TERMS:
Junior Department, per month ..........-....sl ~
lntermedlate Department, per month";. q W
Senior Department, per month .-.....-....''' w
Payable monthly IN advance.
No scholar will be registered for less thun
one session OF twenty weeks. Deductions
will not be allowed unless in cases OF prOtracl-
ed Sickness. scholars entering the school at
any lime during the month OF october VIII DE
charged for the IuIl Month
The following text books have been adopted
by the Board OF Directors McGutey Spell
mo Book Watson = Independent Readers,
tirreue's English Grammar, Maury ) Manual
of Geography, Neuable intermediate and
Practical ArIthmetics, Nenable's Elementary
and Higher Algebras, Binghams Latin Gram
mar, Hart Composition ana Rhetoric.
Seventy boys were IN attendance last ten
Bows from Il distance can be provided Wlth
board in private families, at reasonable rates,
II application is made to any OF the Directory.
ISl DOKE STRAUSS,
Secretary of the Board.
JACKSON, Aug. q, 1873. aui-2m
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

use: and every family should have them on hand
for their protection and relief, when required.
Long experience has proved them to be the SAT-
est, surest, and best OF ali the FtttS WIN Whcn
the market abounds. By their occasional al use
tenn expelled, distractions removed, and the
whole machinery of life restored to It's healthy
activity. Internal organs which become clogged
and sluggish are cleansed by Ayer's Pills, and
stimulated into action. Thus incipient disease
is changed into health, the value OF which change,
when reckoned on the vast multitudes who enjoy
it, can hardly be computed. Their sugar coating
makes them pleasant to take, and preserves their
virtues unimpared for any length of time, SO
that they are ever fresh, and perfectly reliable.
Although searching, they are mild, and operate
without disturbance to the consttutonl or dlet or
Full directions are given on the wrapper to
each box, how to use them as Family Physlc,
and for the following complaints, winch these
Pulls rapidly cure:-
For Dyspepsia or indigestion, LfstleSSs
ness. Lang uOr and Loss Of Appetite, they
should be taken moderately to stimulate the stom'
ach and restore its healthy tone and action.
For Liver Complaint and its various symp.
toms, Bilious Headache, Sick AeaaAs
ache, Jaundics or Green sick 1,' I'LL Ill;
be judiciously taken for each case to correct the
diseased action or remove the distractions winch
For Dysentery or Diarrheas- but one
mild dose is generally required.
pitatiOn of the Heart, Pain i'm the
Side, Back and LOins, they should be contin-
uously taken, required, to change the diseased
action of the system. With such change those
complaints disappear.
For DrOpSy ana DFOpeHcOl SWe1hm&SS
thew should be taken in large and frequent doses
TO produce the effect of drastic purge.
For Suppression, large dose should be
taken, as it produces the desired effect by sym
pathy.
AS Dinner Pill, take one or two Pills to
promote digestion and relieve the stomach.
An occasional dose stimulates the stomach and
bowels restores the appetite, and lnvlgorates the
system. Hence it is often advantageous where
no serious arrangement exists. One who feels
tolerably well, often finds that dose OF these
Pulls makes him feel decidedly better, from their
cleansing and renevating effect on the digestive
apparatus.
PREPARED BY
DIR. u. C. AVER & CO., Practical CHe4ntSts1
LOWELL, MASS, U. s. Il.
FOR SALE By ALL DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE
RUCEG & HALEY. Agents.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
D R. L. 7. G u N N
DEN list

HAVING been for many years engaged in
IL the Dental profession at Nashville, Ten
nessee, now tenders his professional services
to the citizens of Jackson and vicinity.
OFFICE, Capitol Street, opposite Episcopal
Church. octIS-tf
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Terms for Full Annual Session

Board, including furnished ROOM fuel and
servants attendance, and Tuition, with full
collegiate course embracing five schools
$40. Music, Languages, Drawing Printing,
Elocution, Calisthcnics, including Skating
and Archery, at usual charges.
For Catalogue with fun information, ad-
dress REV. X. II. PHILLIPS,
jy3l-lm Stanton, Va.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

No one remedy is louder
called for by the necessities of
the American people than a
sure and safe cure for Fever
and Ague. Such we are now
enabled to offer, with perfect
certainty that it will eradicate
the disease. and with asaur-
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Testimonials.

From Gen. r. f. Lee, Gen. F. H. Smith, and
Gen. VIM IT, Pendleton.
The undersigned have had daughters cdu-
Gated AT the Virginia Female Institute, under
the care Of the Rev. r.. II. Phillips. They,
therefore, know it TO be an admirably con-
Quoted and superior institution for young
ladies, and they cordially recommend it to ia
vor even beyond its past extensive patronage
From Hon. VIM. Ballard Preston.
Committing my third daughter to your care,
/ thereby express my increased confidence,
for | confess, as a Virginian, | am proud Of
your institution.
From Hon. d. G. Yancey, of Georgia.
To select a school for my daughter ! per-
sonally inspected the most eminent iustitu-
tons, even as far north as New Y rk, and
finally fixed upon yours. Her success jusu-
fed my choice.
From Hon. r. w. Walker, of Alabama.
Providence placed in my way catalogue
of your institution, and two year residence
of my daughter in your family has given me
unqualified cause for gratitude.
From QIon.) Mrs. y. T. Capcrton, Of w. Va.
have prayed that your life might be spared
to educate my youngest daughter, the hfth we
have had under your care
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
SLATE SPRINGS MALE AND FEMALE COLLEGE

TIME Second Annual Term Will uegiA
Il TENDER Ist 1873.
TERMS:
Literary Department, from $40 to 80 f
session. al
Music Department, S. per month As'
piano, 81 per month .il
All PAYABLE in advance, unless sl''
agreement is made.
Board from $40 to Sl2 per month.
For particulars address
FULLER FOX, Prin5pali
Slate springs
jy24-2m Calhoun O0uAFl '-H
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Ayers Ague Cure,

For Fever and Ague, Intermittent Fever,
Chill Fever, Remittent Fever, Dumb
Ague, Periodical or Bilious Fever, &C.,
and indeed all the affections which ARISE
from malarious, marsh, or miasmatic
pOisOnS,
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
COLUMBIA ATHENlEUM, TENN.
A First Glass Female School

Board per FIVE $50 90
English Tuition from IS to So
Music LESSONS .......... . 30 90
Painting, Dancing, Languages, Fancy
Work, Is "a
Write us what course you wish to take.
and an
ESTIMATE OF EXPENSES
Will be sent by return mail We solicit n
comparison OF our terms and advantages with
those offered by any other institution.
Circulars, ETC., free
Address VIM A. SMITH, AN, Md,
Secretary.
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14
Ayers Cathartic Pills,

For the relief and
cure of all derange-
ments in the stom-
ach, liver, and bow
els. They are a mild
aperient, and an
excellent purgative.
Being purely vege-
table, they contain
no mercury or mine
raj whatever. Much
serious sickness and
suffering is prevent
Cd huv thar finanixy
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

FErs, Hides, ETC., Bought.
mar25tf
The weekly clarion. [volume] (Jackson, Miss.) 1863-1882, 1873-08-14

j. SANDERsoS, Pres't. T. j. Malone. Gen. A.
Nj. West W. NJ. Strickland, T. A. Meadows.
James I. FAINT, ]. w. FAINT, John d FAINT
H. HI. FIELD.
dec19 .72-6m Agent.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-11
ANOTHER ACCOUNT.

High-handed Proceed ngs-Thc Noble
Lord Spending Money Freely.
CHICAGO, July 10. 1873.
The following despatch was received ct st. Paul
to-day dated Fort Garry, July a.
The excitement still continues over the recent
arrest OF Detectives Hay and Keegan, who at
tempted to kidnap the notorious Lord Gordon, OF
Erie Railway fame. Messrs Fletcher and Mer Ram,
OF Minneapolis, with Mr.. Beatty, merchant, were
also arrested on the following day. as accomrces
of the theft, and were rudely thrust into filthy
prison and ironed. Mayor Bracket and Hon. r.
NJ. Wilson, OF Minneapolis. arrived yesterday morn.
Ing by special stage, travelling night and day.
Mr.. Brackett at once sought admission to the
prisoners, which was granted by Judge BetOwany,
but he was Immediately ordered out by the Sheriff
under instructions from Attorney General Clark.
Yesterday
THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
commenced. The court room was densely crowded
and the whole day was occupied in taking Lord
Gordon's testimony, which was known to be q It's
sue OF falsehoods and exaggeratiOns. Mr.. Wilson
was not allowed to act for the defence, but per-
mitted to occupy seat and confer with counsel
fer the defence Great Indignation is felt against the
authorities for the high-handed manner In which
they are conducting the case. United States Consul
Taylor is working theoretically on behalf Of the
prisoners. The examination proceeds very slowly
and will probably last several days yet. Mayor
Brackett, while in Court yesterday, was arrested,
but released shortly afterwards. However, his
movements are closely watched. He seems deter
mined to see the AFFAIR through.
GOOD FOR THE LAWYERS
Lord Gordon Is freely using his money, his
friends having retained nearly all the lawyers.
Every obstacle seems to be thrown in the way to
prevent rebuttng testimony being given. Only
one or two witnesses were examined to-day, moth
ing new being elected by their testimony.