New-York tribune., 1873-04-17
APPLIED SCIENCE.

NEw METHOD FOR TESTING TIE QUALITY ol
fRoN.-van Ruth. the Inspector of Mines of Hol
lnnd. examines the structure of iron by smoothing
the surface at the desired point and then treating
from to "a hours according to temperature, sc.
with hvirochloric acid until the shaggy portions
which are more readily affected than the iron, an
dissolved ont and the tibeTE left IN relief, tha
IN impression may be taken from the surface witt
printers ink. India ink, &c, which viii exhibit tn
ftucture clearly. aud for distinguishing ant
comparing the IRON.
PROCESS FOR BLEACHING RAFE. PoPFY. AND LIN
SIZED Ous.-Puscher states that by mixing %
pounds of these oils intimately with Il pounds Of
nixture containing equal parts by weight of 96 pei
cent alcohol and oil of vrtriol they do not become
partially resinous, as when OIL of viIiol alone Is
used. but the sulphethyc acid mixes perfectly uni
Tounly with them. The green turbidity that soon
appears after a while becnmcs black, and, after
standing "A to 4S hours, forms slight black sedl-
ment. Poppy and rape oils become perfectly cieal
lnseed oil IN thick layers retains trace OF YelIoN'
The oils after being drawn of nom the sedlIneht;
must be thoroughly shaken with several quarts OF
hot water, 10 free them from traces OF sulpnulcoi"
Rnd then be allowed 10 settle.
INKRAs1BLE WRITING INK AND BLACK ANII1NE
VARNIsH.-An ink that is not affected by strong
mineral acids nor akales and at the same time WIZ
not cOrrOde steel pens, may be made by VIltuIaihs
30 grains Of aniline black with mixture OF % drops
of concentrated hydrochlOric acid and 800 grams
of alcohol and diluting the deep blue solution OBJ
tanned with hot solution of - grains OF glm-aTaDic
TerE deep black varnish for wood stained black,
brass or leather. can be prepared by using a so
Iton Of SIS grains Of sheac in 40 grains OF alco-
bol instead of the solution of gumarabic to dilute
Tho aforementioned aniline-blsck solution
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MA,SUREs on THE PRODUC-
ZION OF FOPIUM.-Experiments by DR.. Dietrich, gave
the following results. The blue German poppy not
TTe +b1 ac+ mi NJ
HAT richest IN morphine. Opium from unmanured
land contains less than One-haf per cent of NOR
mime; that from land manured with saltpeter had
three 70 four times this amount while that from
land manured with sulphare of ammonia contained
rs times as much. The application of potash and
pbosphorc acld, alone mixed, did not essentially
increase the amount Of morphine. He concludes
therefore that the ammonia VI the atmosphere does
not afford sufficient nitrogen for the formation OF
vegetable products rlCh in that element that NJ
trOgenOus fertilizers are OF the highest Importance
tOT tins purpose ana Ulat the presence OF nitrogen
in the manure. a. an ammonia compound, Is more
favorable 10 TIE formation OF morphine than as a
nitrate.
DETECTION OF ADULTERATIONs OF MADDER-A
Ennple method. quoted from PernOd, is given in
Iron for dstecting the more probable adultera- =
ions Of madder. These he divides into two classes
those which give colored compounds with oxide OF
hn. &c. such as logwOod, peachwOOd, baFwood,
e.. and those which contain tannin with little or
90 colOrlng matter, such as oak bark, extract Of
chestnut. Sc. These latter substances produce a
black brown color with solutions OF iron. To de-
tect aduteratons Of the rst class. take piece Of
white paper Of tour inches square dip IL into a sou-
ton Of TN crystals las 10 a white eartheuware
plaJe and sprinkle irule Of the tinely-pOwdered
sample upon t. If lOgwOOd be present, purple spots
VII appear ~ about half an hour. Peach and bar
wood VII be betrayed 0y red spots, and tustc by
yellow while pure madder gives merely faint /
yellow color. piece o. paper similarly stepped IN
BDiphate OF IRON VIII serve Tor the detection OF the
second class OF impurities, every particle of which
will De indicated by fine black spot. An adultera-
ton amounting only 70 one part IN q thousand parts
o1 madder may thus be detected.
PRESERVATION oF FoOD By CODA hint at /
pbat may possibly become an important method of /
preserving animal and vegetable substances for an
indefinite length of tlme without subiecting them,
q present 10 the action Of heat and thereby
terally affecting their texture and taste, is fur
nished by B5ussingauIt to the Academy Of Sciences
Of Paris. In . recent communication to that body /
be states that, long as 1866, he exposed beef
bouilon in Theoretically sealed vessels TO the action
Of a freezing mixture at q temperature of A F.,
Keeping the same immersediin the mixture for sew
sral hours On opening these vessels, quite lately,
b. found thar the contents had undergone no
change, ana We're precisely rs before being sub
UHted To tine cold.
. similar degree Of cold. was also preserved from
any alteration. BOussngault refers m ms article TO
the fact well known 70 geOlOgsts, that a low tenn
peatuFe. continued Tor ages prevents the decOmpO-
ION of muscular fiber mstanclng the tact OF the
discovery 1874, the mouth Of the Lena Rlver IN
Siberia of elephant buried IN the ice which was so
vel preserved 70 as food tor the dogs OF the
1-tIve tribes
SUBsT,TUrE FOR MIX FOR CALvEs-An article Of
food for calves suggested by LiebiG, analogous to
hi substitute for milk for children. has been thor
ppghy tested by Won ROtheuhan, with the most
favorable results. It's cost Is about half that OF
milk it Is easier TO prepare than other substitutes
To- milk Of inferior character and which are not as
eagerly taken by the calf, and il never produces
uiarThea or other injurious consequences. For the
latter reason t is also especially adapted TO young
pgs. II may be prepared follows l quart Of wa
teI quart Of skinned milk 1lSO grains Of bruised
malt IO grains Of wheat -four. and 30 TO 100 drops OF
solution Of bicarbonae of potash in Il parts Of wa
er are stirred together allowed 70 stand for half
bOur, then well boiled with sJrI1ng' ana tnally III
tered through gauze TO remove undlssolVeq nOuI.
&c which might cause natulence, &c. II VIII Keep
"a hours, and must be prepared 0ally, ana given
warm. For the trst six weeks al the milk IS gwen
L. calf. then the mixture Is gradually substituted
10 portion Of the milk, until elght quarts Oh Ihe
mixture and no milk are given per day. AS much
Glover and white viii eat are suppled at the
same time. After three months only haIf as much
o. the mixture is fed with the addition; however
of about half pound Of Oilcake, anc 10 the al OF
boiled potatoes also. Ii may likewise be gwen 10
calves at inst when milk does not agree Win tAe'
FYFYCT OF TINE OF SEEDING OK GRATN.-Prot
Ibiel of the Agricultural School OF Darmstadt,
while attributing the failure Of development Of much
OF the seed sown in great part to defective seeds
L. the variable depths at which they deposited
when a drin is not used, and 10 the numerous
E,-s iusects suggests that the effect OF unfaVOr-