davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Prince Nicholas the FRS,


The Prince Hospodar, OF Montenegro, Prince
Nicholas the First, whose life has been 80 dan
gerously threatened by assassins, was born in
the year 1910. His sudden death at this
particular moment would tend to complicate
the politics and diplomacy OF the East, as
well as the relatens OF the great outside nations
thereto in the most serious manner. Montenegro
Is little country situated at the West OF Turkey
and enclosed between Albania and the Austrian
province Of Cattaro. The surface Is 81 miles from
north to south, and 90 miles from east to west
Its population does not exceed 1900 souls. The
heroic struggles sustained by the Montenegrins
against the Turks are matters OF history, and
Prince Nicholas had hardly assembled the throne in
1850 when he had to fight in person, at the head
OF MS people, against his neighbours de
was In no way prepared for such q life
oeing at that time pupil in the College Louis-le.
GRAND, at Paris Moreover, his cousin Prince Danilo
L., recently married and still quite young was then
on the throne, and did not seem at all disposed to
leave the place vacant. One day, however. news
arrived that the latter had been assassin ated and
the colegian, Petrovich, became all at once Prince
Methodist. He left the French college and went TO
give his people new constitution and code OF
laws which he certainly had not prepared at
school. At the same time he defended himself
herOcally, with the aid OF his 90 900 men against
the Turks, and forced them to respect him. The
Prince was at Rome just lately with his wife, the
Princess MGene. and his two daughters, the Prin.
Cesses LJubcha and Stana.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
REVOLUTION.
CUBA AND PORTO RICO.
Havana Alarmed for the Loyalty Of the Sister
colony-The War in the Once
Faithful Isle.
TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

HAVANA, August 8, 1878.
Fears are entertained that the news from Spain
will cause reaction In Porto Rico. feeling OF dis
content is manifest Throughout the island
THE WAR IN THE ANTILLEs-A CHASTITY MEMENTo.
Spanish telegram from Puerto Principe an
nounces the destruction Of a large abandoned en-
campment OF the enemy near Scranton, in Hol-
gum.
Ten persons presented themselves from the
enemy's camp, bringing the head OF the late insur-
gent Colonel Jose Arrias.
PRESS PROGRESS.
Ell Zorro Fy1gto, a new republican paper has
made its appearance.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
THE WEEKLY HERALD.
The Cheapest and Best Newspaper In the
Country.

ready, contains a Select Story, entitled "Chieny
for This End" together with the very Latest News
by Telegraph from All Parts Of the World up to the
hour Of publication; Execution OF the Murderers
OF Mrs. Lampley at Baltimore; Burning OF the
Standard OH Works at Hunters Point; Another
Railroad Smash Up; A Wonderful story Of Clan
destine Love and How Wife and Her
Paramour shot Themselves in Presence of the
Husband; Extraordinary swindhng Transactions
In Philadelphia; the Mysterious Death OF sarah
Maria Bancker, the Vile OF Harlem Physician;
Specimens Of Pententiary Lore; the Monster Ma
sonic Temple at Philadelphia tho Havana CONNER
cial Bank Robbery White slaves In New York, spd
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
AN INDIAN BATTLE.

Sioux Indians Attack and Kill a Hum
dred Pswnees-A Chase OF Thirty Miles
After Defeated Reds.
OMAHA, Neb., August 8, 1878.
despatch from Elm Greek, Neb, states that
On Tuesday morning, while q party OF Pswnee
Indians were hunting, near the Republican
River, on Blackwoed Greek, they were sur
prised and attacked by large body OF
Sioux, and bloody light ensued, resulting In the
defeat OF the Pawnees who lost about one hun.
dred, comprising some OF the best men OF the
tribe, and most of their horses. arms aud game.
The Pawnees were pursued TWENTY-FIVE or thirty
miles. aud only escaped when night came on.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

che PNbiic Debt II also contains the Latest
News by Telegraph from Washington; Political,
Religious Literary and Sporting Intelligence
Editorial Articles on the prominent topics OF tue
day; Our A. yricultural Budget; Reviews OF the
Cattle. Horse and Dry Goods Markets; Financial
and Commerce. Intelligence, aud Accounts OF All
the Important and Interesting Events OF the
Week.
TERMS Single Subscription. 90; three copies.
SIS; Ave COPIES So; ten copies Sl5 single copies.
Ave cents each. limited number OF Adyertse
ments inserted In the WEEKLY HERALD
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
GENERAL THOMAS, MONUMENT.

subscriptions osthe fund for monument to
Major General George H. Thomas are acknowledged
as foll0ws;-
Collected by Colonel W. ). Cogswei In Jamaica
aud Flushing, l.. 13l 50
Total amount collected in the State OF New
W
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

LONDON. August 8, 1873.
The whaling bark Annawan, which left New Bed
ford, Mass, June TO- for cruise In the Atlantic
Ocean, capszed, and five OF the crew were drowned.
The remainder-seventeen in number-were
rescued by passing vessel. and landed at Liver
pOOl YESTERDAY,
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
HAVANA MARKET.

HAVANA, August 8, IS7a
Exchange duiet On United states, % days currency,
26Is q n premium short sight 2SH y premium 10
days. gold Gl 46 premium short sight, tSs ~ pre-
MUM. Spanish gold Is premium.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
TELEGRAM TO THE new YORK HERALD.

LONDON, August s, 1873
At meeting yesterday OF the directors OF the
company organized to lay cable direct to the
coast Of New Hampshire it was unanimously
resolved to change the route and land the cable on
the coast OF Newfoundland.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

A.-Hornld IRA nch OHice, Brook Ym
corner OF Fulton avenue aud Boerum ct
Open from A. NJ. to 3 +. M.
On sunday from to . T. NJ
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

The Great DeIug.s Was Not more Fatal
to humanity than KNOWL ES INSECF DESTROY SIX
to household pests and plan lice.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Attic Filthy, Infectious SspOuge
Pad the dangerous Wire Spring and horrible FIN
GER Truss have yielded to the ELASTIC TRUSS, 6sy
Broadway which holds rupture comfortably tiff cured
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

A.-Kcarney's Extra, Il Buchu Has Cured
diseases OF bladder and tidneys gravel diabetes.
female weaknesses dyspepsia I'D nervous debility than
all other remedies combneI ID pOt iOi Duane street
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

IL. n. Il.
ASIATIC CHOLERA,
CHOLERA MoRBUS
BY RAILWAYS READY RELIEF
BOWEL COMPLAINTS,
looseness diarrh@a. cholera morbus or paintsi DIS.
the bowels stopped in deon or twenty
minutes by taking RAILWAYS READY RELIEF No
congestion or Inflammation, no weakness or lassitude
will follow the use OF the II. r. Relief
ACHES AND PAINS
For headache whether sick nervous; rheumatism.
umbago, pains and weakness in the back spine KID
neys pains around the liver, pcurisy, swelngs Of the
pains in the bowels, heartburn and pains all
kinds, RADwAY's READY RELIEF will afford imms;
effect permanent cure. Sold by all druggists
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
FIRE IN PEARL STREET.

fire broke out last night on the second story OF
fhe i've story brick building No ga Pearl street, |
Which caused damage Vi 81 100.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
THREE MEN sTIFLED BY FOUL AIR

BURLINGTON, Wis, August 8, 1873.
Thomas Cormerton and Thomas and Patrick
Feency were killed in q well Yesterday afternoon
by ioul air therein.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

A.-Label Printing. 1O4 Tulton street
VIM EVERDELIs SONS Estabhned 1915 We have
o branch offices"
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.
TRIESTE, August 8, 1873.

TRIESTE, August 8, 1873.
An attempt was made to-day to assassinate the
Prince Nicholas the First Hospodar OF Monte
negro.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Corns, BuniOns, Nails, &C.. Cured
without pain ! Corn by mail 500.
Or. RICE. Dos Broadway, corner Fulton street
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Bachelors Hair Dye IL the Rest i'm tho
world the only true and perfect hair dye nsastan,
GUS. harmless, at all drugglstA
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
MONTENEGRO.

The Life Of the Prince Hospodar Attempted by
Assassins.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Better Than GOid-A Remedy Like
DESHLER'S PILLS In fever and agss tines They
uuav
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

LONDON. August 8, 1878.
The London journals Of this morning announce
that Lord Frederick Charles Cavendish and Sir
Arthur wellesley Peel will assist Mr.. Gladstone in
administering the duties Of the once OF Chancellor
OF the Exchequer.
1t is also stated that Hon. AlgernOn Greville has
been offered one OF the junior Lordships OF the
Treasury. 1t Is probable that Sir John Duke Cole
ridge will be appointed Master Of the Rolls, Siy
George Jessel Attorney General, and Mr. Henry
James Solicitor General.
A NEW COMMISSIONERS OF WORKS AND BUILDINGS.
william P. Adam, Member Of Parliament for
Clackmannanshire and Kinrossshire, has been ap-
pointed Commissioner OF Works and Buildings, In
place Of the Right Hon. Mr.. Ayrton, who has re-
signed.
HEAVY LOSS BY FIRE.
The loss by the burning Of the rice mills at Step
ney night before last reaches $5,000.OO0.
MONEY RATE AND THE BULLION SUPPLY.
The rate for money at the stock Exchange on
government securities, Is lower than the Bank OF
England rate by per cent.
The amount OF bullion Withdrawn from the Bank
Of England on balance to-day is f165,0o0.
AGRICULTURAL PROSPECTS.
The weather to-day fair and favorable to the
crops.
LADY TREvELYAN's DEATH.
Lady Trevelyan is dead.
COTTON MILLS CLOSED.
Nearly all the large cotton mills OF ROchdale are
closed in consequence of strike OF the operatives
Mr.. Adam, M. p.
Mr. Adam Is the eldest son of the late Admiral
Sir Charles Adam, K G. b.. at one time Governor
of Greenwich Hospital. He is Hlty years of age
and lawyer by profession He has served as
Secretary to Lord Ephinstone when Governor Of
Bombay, and as q Lord OF the Treasury from APRIL
1885, to July 1886, end again in the same capacity in
December, 1858. He is q liberal IN politics and in
favor OF the ballot. AS an author he has published
Thoughts on the Policy Of Retaliation and Its
Probable Effects on the Consumer Producer and
Shtpowner"
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
OCEAN TELEGRAPHY.

Europo-American Communication To Be Still
More Facilitated.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Obstacles TO Mnrriage.-Happy helief
for young men. Sent free n sealed letter envelopes
Address HOWARD ASSOCIATION, Philadelphia Pa
institution having high reputation tor hOor ab.e
duct and professional skill
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
HAYTI AND ST. DOMINGO.
Executive Power Against Parliamentary Right
Guerilla Revolutionism in the North.
TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

P0RT-AU-PRINCE, July "a, 1873.
The Chambers at Port-au-Prince had not been
opened. No session Is likely to be held this year,
the government apprehending trouble II they
meet
REVOLUTION.
The revolution on the Northern frontiers Of ST.
Domingo is progressing, and fighting Is of daily
occurrence. The roads in all the Northern prov
inces are impossible, owing to guerillas.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
f r. A N o E..
Count de Chamb0rd Again Accepts
the Throne of the Nation.
Prussia Almost Paid 0H-Great Increase in tho
Rsvsnus--H. Henri Rochefort on Board
Convict Ship-1. Theirs Chief
Nourner for Odillon Barrot
TElEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

VIENNA, August 8, 1873.
The Vorstadt-zettung reports that the Count de
Chambord has accepted the throne OF France, a
formal tender Of which was recently made HIM by
deputation OF French egitimists.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
ENGLAND.

Premier Gladstone's Plan Of Cabinet Reconstruc-
tion-The Law Offices and Judiciary
Heavy Loss by Fire-Honey
Rates and the Bullion Supply.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

Wedding Cards, lO4 Fulton Street,
WIN. EyERDELLS SONS. Established 1915 We have
no branch offices
1s49.-Esta blished lS43.-G. Rauchfuss,
practical Wig Maker and Importer OF Human HAN ~
East Twelfth street. Broadway, New YORK.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
SHIPWRECK.

An American Whaler Capized-Five Hen
Drowned.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
AUSTRIA.
TElEsRAm TO THE New YORK HERALD.

Imperialist Compliment to the German Kaiser.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
ST. THOMAS.
Heavy Rains on tho Island.
1TltCfAm TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

HAVANA, August 8, 1878
Advlces from st. Thomas to the Attn report that
heavy rains had fallen on the island.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

VIENNA, August 8, 1879.
The Emperor Of Austria will visit the Emperor of
Germany, at Gastein. after the ceremony of the
distribution OF the prizes in the exhibition.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09


First Heat.-Out Of ten entries Brother Jona-
than, Manhattan, Red Wing and Plato were with.
neck after leaving the score. St. James was SIN in
front going around the turn and passing the quar-
ter pole he led the Boy three lengths, Star Of Pha-
delphia third. Time to this point thirty -seven
ahead at the hall mile s' which s was 1 %sde
on the backstretch, but st. James held his own to
the three-quarters, when Annie Collins stepped in,
and the mare showed little in 'front.' Coming up
the stretch she went or her feet, and st. James
passed under the string three-quarters OF length
ahead Of Annie Collins, Castle Boy third Star OF
Phladelphia fourth, Cosette filth, Lady Banker
Second Hedt-St. James went away with Annie
Collins BY .1 nus side and they passed the quarter
James was half a length ahead OF Annie, who
was length ahead Of Castle Boy, the latter
at the half mile in IA going to the three
quarter pole St. James was in front, Castle Boy two
81 aSs o. VINO MAS Length in
pole they were in the same position. Coming up
the stretch st. James was neck a head Of Castle
settle, and they crossed the score In that posi-
ton, Lady Banker fourth, Star OF Philadelphia
fifth and Annie Collins sixth. Tlme 2:26X.
Third Heat-Compaint was made against the
manner In which Castle Boy was driven by those
VINO had n backed him IN the pools and the Judges
latter's consent. ST.. James got away first, with
Castle Boy second, and they were neck
quarter pole in thirty seven and quarter
seconds. Castle Boy fell back six lengths
and remained in that position, while Lady Banker
held third place at the half mile in 14K. Going
to the three-quarter pole st. James lead Cosetts
length Lady Banker three lengths behind Cosette
but going rapidly to the front, finally passed St.
James, and crossing the score winner OF the heat
by length, st. James second, COsette third Annie
Collins fourth, Star OF Philadelphia fifth, Castle
Boy SIXTH Time 2:28h.
Fourth Heat.-5t. James had the lead Lady
Banker second, and Castle Boy third. Breaking,
Annie Collins took Castle Boys place, and they
passed the quarter-poe IN thirty-six seconds, st.
James and Lady Banker neck and neck Annie Col
Inns q length behind Going down the stretch
st. James got q length the best OF II, and Annie
Collins fell behind two lengths, but st. James and
Lady Banker were neck and neck when at the
half mile in Ill, yet leaving 1t 81. James went
half length ahead. At the three-quarter pole
st. James and the Lady were again together, but
the Lady went up, letting little vantage go to
truthful James, who came up prettily and break:
ing second, but, being settled soon, trotted
squarely and passed under the string winner Of
the heat and race, Lady Banker second, Castle
Boy third, Collins fourth, Rosette fifth, Star OF
Philadelphia SIXTH Time, 2:23h.
SUMMARY.
SAME DAY.-Purse $4,000, for horses that never
trotted better than 2:30, mile heats, best three In
Ave, in harness. 5000 to the first, $4,000 to the
a. tbo ird and nsO ~, fha foftrf
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
SPAIN.
Valencia Surrendered to the Government Troops
Cartagena Preparing for Contrition.
TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.

MADRID August 8, 1873.
Valencia has Internationally surrendered, and
General Campos now occupies the city.
The submission OF Cartagens is expected to fol-
low Immediately.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
William Knabe & Co.

GRAND, SQUARE AND UPRIGHT PIANOS
New York branch house
Warerooms liz Fifth avenue.
All orders from private purchasers wall deacrs
will recexe tho prompt attention at factory
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
NEW PUBLICATIONS.
A LIST or NEW BOOKS.

A LIST OF NEW BOOKS
LOYAL UNTO DEATH
ds se sSsn G English ne OF e Sa
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Long Look Ahead BY A. S. Roe New edition 81 90
Betsey and Are Out By Mrs Emerson. 80
Woods Illustrated Guide to New York. ........... 90
Purple and Fine Linen Fawcetts new novel. m 1 10
Clifford Troupe. Mrs westnoreands novel;. rs
Kenneth My King Miss Brooks novel ........ rs
Edna Browning Mary J Holmes now novel;. l so
True as Steel Marion HsrIand's novel ,..... t0
Guy Earlscourts Wife May Fleminss novel. rs
All beautifully printed and bound. Sold everywhere
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CHEAPEST BOOKSTORE IN THE WORLD
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vol, limo: Cloth: Price. 81 IS
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author combines high culture with an extensive en.
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SECOND BOOK OF BOTANY.
Of BS 5; eaar o HshsT a Ef
Charts" VOL limo With numerous illustrations
designed e cultivate the observing powers o. the
study r was published three years ago and adopted
sSg and
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ready. -
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL
ana sa Gs s
Physcsn charge Of the New YORK stats Hospital ioi
Cloth a''i with numerous Illustrations Price s..
tend @ ss o SSt 70 s s
dy in certain diseases not as specific Tor every human
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Or az TIFF EFz ~
nmore Cooper. Forming the seventeenth and egh,
Soopers famous noves imo Cloth fr,ce 3
each.
Either Of above, when to be had in bookstores
sent postpaid by mail to any part OF tho United states
J The largest and best assortment of Books in this
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
CHOLERA IN, EUROPE.
The Disease in Berlin-violert Attack in
Prumian Barracks
TELEGRAM TO the NEW YORK HERALD.

IElEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD.
LONDON, August8. 1873
despatch from Berlin says the cholera has
appeared with great violence In the military
barracks In that city.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09

$4,000 BOOKS"
language and in every department Of literature Call
and examine our F9S SS2
HARPER BROTHERS, NEW YORK
IL publish this day
STUDY OF A GIRLS HEART.
BY Katharine ). McQuoi0.
svO, paper, % Cents.
q, OAsTEtAR sn OLD kpw R2NE AND NEW ITALY
Translated ny Mrs Arthur Arnold. i2mo, cloth, 81 Is
80 Critical acumen is BOT however the strik.
ing Of the writer o. this very remarkable
tor human nature his the ultimate
81 @ 81 w A an pr % % &
culties now insepsrabe from human exsteace
We have delightful series of well written chapters
s the %nS Gs & By the s
spectacles Of Italy This account the pressons OF
o ss sGS ss
which grave reflections be found SADIE by side with
lively sallies Of humor -Atheneum.
rIcxwrdk PAPERS.
r1oKwIsm n.1 si il 5ssaa :, VIII Thomas
Mast ' Mas sfPss h6SsHhSIb pISkaSsn ,,o,.v
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rH ssG onS css y ssRsF III fl''S
Thomas Worth. svo' paper; 70 con'S' ''''"' - %
81 INVESTIGATIONS By 7. Barnard svo paper 81 cloth.
p3xsEY hs %SB SON with % Illustrations BY L.
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Life hist SO DSkas sHf' "a f s'Sss !" ''sai
Harper a Brothers will seua any Of their works by
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w ,eeewt OF tue pstee
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
Perfection Z

ctfon
BOXERS BITTERS.
Beware Of cOuntorfeitsl
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-08-09
Danish Quarantine Against Traders
from Hamburg.

COPEhHAGkN, August y, 1873
Rigid quarantine Is enforced on all vessels COM
ing from Hamburg on account OF the cholera pre-
valng there
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-05-26

Marshal McMahon has sent communication
to M. Buffet, President of the French Assem-
bly,, acknowledging the receipt Of his election
to the Presidency, and accepting the Office in
the following terms: II will obey the will of
the Assembly, the depository of the national
sovereignty. 1t is heavy responsibility, but
with Gods aid, and the devotion of the army,
will continue the work of lberating the ter
ritory and restoring order, and will maintain
tranquility and the principles on which society
rests. To this pledge my word as an honest
man and soldier -
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1873-05-26
ALEXANDRIA,, VA.
MONDAY, MAY 8, 1878.

FRANCE. news which We publish III
another column shows new phaze in French
affairs Theirs has resigned the Presidency and
Marshal Mcmahon has been elected in bis
place. 1t has been evident for some time that
Theirs has held his position by an uncertain
tenure-nor is it at all settled that Mcmahon
will long retain his place at the head OF the
government Certain, it is, that appearances
are not, Just now, favorable to the continuance
of Republic as at present constituted. The
frequent changes that take place, and the con
scuuent doubt that exists as to the permanency
of republican institutions-if, indeed, there are
in truth, any really republican institutions IN
France-will contribute to turn tie thoughts OF
the people to some ruler who has the will. and
the power to secure peace and order, and the
establishment of strong government. The
situation in France exctes much interest both
in Europe and this country.