, 1873-09-04

by lnnd, and yet rothtn commercial VaI1o' Ii
tho coat OF moving grain by rail bo put at QUO
aud half contD por ton per ,nEle, and tho samo
prices prevail, corn may lo moved LOCO mies
and wheat $500 milcs without oxhaustlng tho
valuo Of tho grim. It will bo Hoen, therefore,
sayg Poor, in his manual OF railroads, that tho
aroa Of d circle, with radius Of 1876 miles, Ia
49,0s7 Hauaro milea TINT Of cfrolo drawn upon
radius Of 1000 milos snbout leo t,noa creator
or 8,0d2, 400 square mica. Buoh difference,
enormous as 1t ia, only measures the valuo Of
tho now agencies employed In transportation,
and tho results aohlovod, compared with tho
old" In othor words, tho distance which corn
may be moved by ordinary moanu ovor
IN ordinary highway is 125 mlos,
and tho distanco by rail is 1000 miloa.
Tho importance Of tho rnto Of transportation by
coived when 1t ia remembered that every nd
dition to tho ratio Of ono and half oenta por ton
por milo diminiehes tho distance to which tho
corn may DO carried. If tho ratio DO soducad to
ono cent por ton por milo, then tho corn may
DO carried 2.4oo mios il, howover, tho ratio be
put at two conts por milo, thon 1t can only be
taken 1900 milea. In oil these oaacs 1t is u.s.
aumcd tllat tho price ia rs cents per bushol.
THO pricoB of corn and wheat arc regulated
AMI controlled by the priooa In Liverpool. That
is to Hny, tito price in Liverpool ia tho maximum
and tho price at all pointa back to tho place Of
production is tho Hamo, less the cost Of trans-
portntion. Tho low prico Of corn prohibits ita
transportation by rail for any considerable dis
tance, and hence tho great value Of tho cheaper
transportation afforded by 1ako and canal
navigation. But this corn and wheat have to DO
brought to Chicago by rail, and, assuming tho
ayorago distance to DO 25O miles, tho impor-
tance Of tho rato por ton por milo becomes ovi-
| don't. Thus q car contains 10 tons, or 857
bushels OF corn. If corn ia selling in Chicago
at 40 cents per bushel, which was tho average
yesterday. wo have tho following results on
| carload Of corn:
$50 miles At II cents per milo per 80
$50 mica at cents por mile ror ton. ......... 5000
go miles at ~ centa rer milo per ton 6250
$50 miles ut centa per milo per ton........ 7b0o
These rates would mako tho chargo per bushol
at t015, II, 17114, and Il cents por buahel from
tho point Of shipment to Chicago, leaving to
tho producer for bis corn tho difference bo-
tween that ratio md tho aclling price in Chi
cago. This margin, or tho commercial valuo ct
tho corn in tho hauda OF tho producer, is on
larged or reduced rs tho prico rises or falls in
this market.
we hBvo compiled at tho ratos prevailing on
Tuesday last, Mt noon. the following schedule Of
tho cost of moving wheat from Chicago to Liy-
erpool, where. Mt the samo date, wheat was sell
ing to arrive ut II shillingB 10 pence, or s'1.o3
per bushel: Storage, inspection, etc., Chicago,
214o; lake insurance, 10; freight to Buffalo,
14c; charges at Buffalo, 1Ho; canal froights.
12c; New York charges, DC; ocean freights.
G41), In currency. 32c ocean insurance, ahrink-
age, etc., and charges in Liverpool, 1111c; total
cost Of transportation from Chicago to Liver
pool 7skc; selling price in Chicago, $1.14; to-
tai, s1.92}{. This il the cost Of transportation
whore the rail is only used to reach wator navi-
CATION. Assuming the distance from Chicago tc
New York by all rail to bo 1,000mics, tho freight
would cost, Including inspection aud atoruge
hcre, about 47o per buehel, against thu
5000 by 1ako. Tho Lake froights, how.
ever, arc higher than usual. ANY
addition by the railroad companies to the rate Of
ono and half centa ror ton per milo wou1t
proportionatoly Increase the adequate cost oi
York.
The two pressing evils which directly hfroc
tho producers OF corn and wheat arc, ~ til.
inad.quacy Of tho Eric Canal to carry the grait
that could be forwarded, and (2) tho high rato
charged by the railroads for bringing this grail
to Chicago. As 10 hare said, It makes an i'm
monso difference to the producers whether th
i; rate for the average distance of $50 milos bo
tween tho farm and Chicago be one and halt
two, three, or four cents per ton por mile. Corr
at 10 cents b1lshel can only DO moved by rail q
| ~ cents por ton per milo 9s4 miles; at cont
por ton per milo 700 mllos; at 8 cents per to-
por milo ACT miles, taking in ouch caao the Who'll
! corn for it's transportation. Whom cor
: sells in Chicago for loss than 40 cents
tho distances it can be brought fo
t its entire value is proportionately lesE
! In proportion, therefore, that tho railroads In
, creaso their rates above ~ centa por ton pc
0 mile do they roduco tho distance IN which til
: producer OF corn can sell the same aud IN iii;
t proportion deny to him the benonts and adva1
D tages Of railroads as means OF transportation
/. ANY person, upon finding out the rates at
: tunlly charged tor transportation Of wheat all
: corn to Chicago, may estimate tho proportion {
= oach crop that Is taken to pay for trausportiu
Y the roBt to market.
y THE NEW-PARTY MOVEMENT,
= An impartial observer OF current polite.
n oyents can no longor deny that tho moyomo'
r. among the poople for the formation Of q no