davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rock Island daily Argus. [volume] (Rock Island, Ill.) 1872-1873, 1873-06-19
Ths SaiIg Arsns.
The Tx on Corn.


The farmers and other producers Of the
country are very Justly investigating what
comes OF the proceeds Of their labor. They
want to know why it is that the surplus
corn raised in illinois for which the people
OF New Aork pay 67 cents, and the people
OF New England 20 cents per bushel, only
brings the producer 20 cents per busbei
What becomes Of the so cents per bushel I?
Who gets it and what is done with il ?
Perhaps few figures, taken from official
tables will furnish some information. Mr.
Dung. the accomplished Statistician Of
the Treasury Department, states that from
1871 10 1861, the total receipts Of the gov
crnment from tariff and the sales OF public
land were 81, 73O,530,l lao This was for
period of 20 years, and included the cost
OF the Revolutionary War, the War of
lSl2.l5, and Of the Mexican War, all of
which were paid in full with interest, out
Of that revenue. 1t included, also, the
cost Of the purchase Of Louisiana, Florida,
California, and the debt of Texas. From
lS6l % 1865 the country was at war, and
the expenditures necessarily very great
But from June, 1865, 10 July, 1872, a pc
Rod OF seven years Of profound peace the
taxes collected Of the people were as fol
lows
FROM Customs ..................... .$t3i7,1sG5 so
From iu'l rual revenue ......... f6TG ms igt
sales by War Department ............ IR5.4i4 NJ
sales BY Navy Dept and transfer .. III ,sgO.si2
Iust Ohcr collections ......... Doe. 12S Qp5 pi4
Patent once collections ............. 4 E.R Ttl
one per cent on loans, etc ........... 30 TtS57T
Total Observation-Disclosures. co.. e. ioa $50. tsa
This, for seven years, is Just double the
taxes collsted from 1891 10 1861. From
June 1865, 10 July, 1872, there was paid
Of the principal of the public debt Si27.-
a'h all, leaving a net revenue expended
10y the government for matters indepen-
dent Of the debt Of $2.g75, 1891 The
taxes collected in these seven wears of
peace, over and above what WIS expended
in payment OF the debt was over 81 ,2nn..
uuu,up IN excess Of the whole cost of the
Government, including principal Of public
debt three wars, and the purchase money
Tor two-thirds the present territorial area
OF the United States, in the seventy years
from 1891 to lsbl During these seven
years the larger part Of the missing 50
cents per bushol on corn has been taken
a. make up this SUN Of 81 200. OOO. 900 of
extraordinary taxation But that does
not account for the whole Of il. We pub.
hshed the other day the statement compil-
cd from official sources by the Hon. Mr.
Burchard member of Congress from the /.
frceport District Of this State. showing /
the annual tax paid by the people ia the |
way ct increased cust OF five classes Of do .
nestle manufactures. none Of which taxes
goes into the Treasury His statement was
t,,st ln addition 10 the taxes paid directly by .
the Government we pas under the tariff /
90 the way Of increased cost, the sums fol
lowing upon che classcs0 Of domestic manu-
fqHfura. named
The Rock Island daily Argus. [volume] (Rock Island, Ill.) 1872-1873, 1873-06-19
AGENTS
WANTED

THE BECkWITH $40 PORTABLE FAMILY
SEWING MACHINE, on THIRTY DAYS TRIAL:
many advantages over all. Satisfaction guaranteed
or Ssb refunded Sent complete with fun directions
BeCkwith Sewing Machine Co, S62 Broadway y .
The Rock Island daily Argus. [volume] (Rock Island, Ill.) 1872-1873, 1873-06-19

G everywhere 10 sell our new and nov
y el Embroidcring Machine, send for
illustrated Circular, TO the Mckee
IN Manufacturing Company, 800 Broad
Z " wav. New York
The Rock Island daily Argus. [volume] (Rock Island, Ill.) 1872-1873, 1873-06-19

10-Sdw1y
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12

Here is something from the Book
OF Beauty that is strictly local here.
or anywhere else. Women should
read it: "a handsome leg is il rarity,
we had said almost an impoSsihlity,
among American women. The rea-
ron OF this is the place where they
ear the carriers. No French woman,
o English woman OF cultivation
wears her garters below the knees
1t is rlinous to the share of the leg,
vena saphcna brevis runs just beneath
the skin until it nearly reaches the
l.nee, when it sinks boilts,th the mus
cles. Now, il this is 0hstruc.esl at its
largest point by a tight garter, the
blood is checked i'm its return to the
heart, the feet are easily chilled, and
more liable to disease; the other veins
of The legs are swollen into hard blue
Knots become saricosc, as it is call
ed, and often break. forming obstinate
ulcers. This is a picture which is a
physician sees nearly every day. With
the garter fastened above the knee all
this pain and deforality is avoided,
hut it is still better to wear no garter
at all, ans, to suspend the stockings by
by tapes around the waist. In this
case, however, a well-titting stocking
is needed
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12

THE N,w Tmi; Commercial .ttsYar-
tispr says OF til. farmers movement:
Railway corporations, manufacturers
and ali those who had dealings with
the farmer have taken advantage OF
his isolation to drive a hard bargain
With him. Ills mode of life has left
hun helpless III their hands. Tfs.y had
organization, and Ike HAL nothing but
his owii brain and hands to oppose it.
i Inns things went on. from, bad to
verse, until the idea strl,s:k tie west
I'm farmers thar they might ais well
organize also. at Oice they Went to
v-ors, and now thousands ct oranges
Or!he Patrons Of Hnsbanslry :,i@saa;-
tered through the Nest, bringing gri-
culinrists together in O body and III
stricting them in their needs. Their
discussions have not been of n politi-
cal nature alone. but thny have com
parcel notes on their productions and
tho best means Of securing wealth
from their fields. This has resulted in
a very marked increase Of interest in
State anil county fairs. Having once
discovered rho l.aneiiss Of organization
and frequent gatherings for discussion
and investigation. the farmers have
determined To lose no 0l,lWltainity to
bring themselves forward and claim
the attention due to their number and
strength.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
Krom,s Dry concentration.


So tar the ordinary processes Of re-
l'ducing and separating ores III Use III
Montana have not been ;ls successful
as desirable. The actual milling does
not yield nestily as much bullion as lire
ASSAYS show the rock tocOntain. This,
in some cases, and the absences Of MA
clinery In others, has directed art-n
ton to the shipm~ae Of ores to tall
forl,ia, Omaha, Jersey City, and e.ei.
foreign reduction works, and large
quantities Of crude ores are now 81,
shipped. However rich they may bc im
metals it is evident in all shipments
there is paid Very heavy prices for
transporting gsugile and rock sub
stance that cOAtail no metallic ore iii
itself, and were just as we'll left at the
mine were it possible to separate them.
In fact nirAs-tentlls OF the substance
shipped III ores is waste aud goes to
the tailing heaps at the reduction
works. Now, where the Transports
ton amounts from $40 to $50 per ton,
as from here, it is quite evident il this
useless matter, constituting nine -tcnths
Of the weight, could be separated from
the metallic ere at small expense and
left at the mine, 50 that If on an aver
age the precious metals contained in
ten tons Of crude ores could be shin
ped in one ton of concentrated ore,
there would be an enormous Increase
IN net profit to mine owners or ship
pers. 1t il believed there is machinery
that will do this. The patcAtee states,
tile cost Ut crushing and concentration
does not exceed 81 90 per ton, where.
water power is used, and from 50 cents
to I'll per ton more where steam power
is used. The method is known az
krom's Dry Concentration Process.
The average concentration is ten tons
into one. Tile machinery used il 4
Blake Cruslei, and the Krom DRY Orr.
Concentrating machinery. 1t has been
III use for several years and is highl,
recommended by those who have it i'm
practical l;se. Mr.. W. A. Clark, Presi-
dent Of the First National hank of
Deer Lodge, who is heavily interested!
in quartz mining and has been giving
the subject personal attention, is in
with Mr.. Krom, has
tlssin estimates of the cost, description
pf the methods. diagrams Of the ma
etc, relating to the method,
md is impressed with the belief it is
What is needed iii Montana. The Blake
.rusher costs abort ST, 600; the krnm
costs $1,000 in New York
md weighs twenty-fonr tons, the prin- |
.lpai weight being III the heavy gear !
ng and enol1n. n steel rollers betwe. n |
which the ore passes after leaving the
'lushcr. The inachiner, W ,uld there
orc cost i'll the ntigilbclhood Of $50
xO laid down here. The ore is crush. Il
by and the rollers are preferred to
tamps for the sharp, granular pulyeri-
alton it secures. 7 he different specific
,rayities Of the several component
arts, anu the application of current
+ ;ir produces the subsequent separ,-
on. The capacity Of the machinery
Two tons per hour. 1t seems that
ne introduction Ut this machinery i'm.
, Montana might be followed by ben
ficial results, and Mr.C. il disposed
, take an interest In bringing about
aat result. Persons Interested will
well tosee him. New MOI til West.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
NOTICE TO MINERS.

L. s. LAED OFFICE. J
HELENA. II. T., November II. 1873. /
GlLAs EAEsiOS. whose post Office address 10
this Office lis application TO agricu ,tnral
land an er the presumption laws, the southeast
quarter OF southea quarter of section IL in town.
ship south, OF range east, AID the west half of
southwest quarter ard south.Tesj quarter OF north
west quarter Of section In township No. tn II
range Mo- east, which land. ~ suspended from
entry as agricultural land. Notice Is hereby given
that hearing Will be at this Office at 10 O'Clock a.
n, on the "a day of january, 1874, to determine
ss 10 tile mineral or -nnera character OF said
land. and testimony ta be isrI up,p said h.ari hg
wall b$ taken before Arch tsrahtIn, TO. Clerk at
his Office ill Bozenian, tsitiatin County NJ Il
commencing al 10 osciocE y. the sYth day of
Ducriaber, 1873.
IL L. ..fir. Ell there are known min RS nor min
ins Improvements claim. iii,.. ,s-,;l hind.
(signed,J W. {. CIltLi,, A.siss,r.
nov2l-5W
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
u DISPATCH nom Madrid sars fbo

a DISPATCH from Madrid SAYS that
the North Herman squadron were on
Tuesday last formed III line Of battle
before Cartagcna to enforce tiie de-
hands upon the insurgents for the.
restoration of $1,000 pesesles, which
had been extolled from German sub
.iects IN that city. Upon notice that 4
refusal would be followed by lombard
ment, the insllrgeI.fs paid the money.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
1lONy The Wife Felt.

A man at whose llou g was q guest
told me he had been a hard drinE.4
and crue! husband; had beaten his
poor wife until she had almost become
used to it. "But,n sai,lhe, s:tl,e very
moment signed the PLEDGE thought
Of my wife-wllat would my wife say
Strange that | should think of nv
wife the first thing, but / did and ~
| was going home | said to myself:
Now il | go home and tell her all of q
sudden that have signed the pledge,
she'll faint away, or she'll up and do
something; anil / must do it By de
srres. Only think of it! why only the
other night before I'd have knocked
her down inst as like as not, il She
hadn't looked SO pleased. and now
Am planning to break the good news
to her for fear it would upset her.
AS near as | could gather from
what he told me, he found his wife sit
ting over the cmbers waiting for him.
rs. lie came into the house lie said:
"Narey, | think that-r
1" We'll, Ned, what is it,'
ny, L tfilhk S1tafi-thaf is
mean to-to-Nancy I mcalrE
"What is the matter Ned?r,
Yes said he, "tlle matter is lust
his: ! have signed the temperance
pie ige, and so help he God, I'll keen
it,
"She started IL her feet, and Ii dix:
faint away. | was just in time to catch
her, and she lay in my arms her eyes
shut, htr face SO pale, thinks she's
dead and have done it now. But
wasn't dead; she opened her eyes, and
then she put her arms around my neck
and [ didn't know she was SO strong.
and pulled and pulled till she got me
down where had not been for thirty
years-on my knees. Then she said,
20, God! help him! and said tAmen!.
and she said, %, God, help my poor
Ned and strengthen him to keep his
pledge and i hoiiere,l .Amenv Just as
loud us | could heller. That was the
first time we ever nti together, but it
was not the last
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
NOTICE 10 ssxNESS.N

Z. 8. LAMP OrFIgk
HELENA, NJ. T., svyriuhcr4 ls73 I
THOMAS WATERkIDUSE. whose T,ossofacs adj
dress IL Sallaiii., Eaiiatin comfy. VI T. has
nied has application ta cnssr aYriculiarai land
me northwest qnarie OF the nortsssi tfHarter and
section - in township No. .. north of range No 5
east, which land is saspsaed frtsm entry IA
agricultural land. Notice hereby given that
hearing will be had ut this Office on the 10Th day
day OF neccmber, A. d. ISIS, at 10 O'Clock a. m,
9 determine Us Ia the mineral or char
acter oI the lard, anu testimony to be used on
SAIL hearing will be taken before r. w Hill,
Notary Public, ut his Office in GalIatin in said
county, commencing at 10 O'Clock ~ m ON thc 18th
day oil December, 4. ID. 1873
1t Is alleged there known rn,ners nor
mining improvements or claims upon said land
w. e.. CHILD RI gister-
L. B. LYMAN. Attorney for Applicant nol5-3w
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12

Mr. i. L. Balnum has arrived in
London. l..e will go at once to Paris
10 hoia ~ conference with the most
prominent rronauts Of Europe upon
the subject of a transatlantic balloon
voyage, which he intends to lave &C
complisliesl under his immediate super
vision it any feasible plans should be
presented.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12

TIE luke Of Genoa, distant rela-
tive of Victor Emanuel, King f Italy,
and brother OF the Crown Princess
Marglael-ita, is now oil the way to this
country in the Italian fiigate Garibal
81, which is expected to arrive soen iii
San Francisco from China.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12


ygY VIRTUE OF decree and order Of sale issued
ont 81 The First Judicial District Court OF Nom
iaha Territory, in and for Galiatin Caunfy bear
Ing dale OF November lie III. A. b. 1871, and 10
me directed and delivered. in an action in said
court, wherein Jthn T.. Vawter was the PLAINTIFF
and Henry A. SkeIis the tefrhlant, IN favor OF said
plaihtii and against sail Defendant for the sum Of
eleven hundred and fifty dolris 81. is @ and the
-um vi 81 IS Costs, and TIE Of Ss27 81 inter
est, and all further accr.ag COSTS. have levied
rpon and viii,
On Friday, tie 18th asy.of Desenbsr,A. D. 1879.
ut ii O'Clock q. IN. OF said day. IN front. of the
Court House in the town 81 Brennan, county OF
Gnl}:tin and Territory OF Montana, sell mt public
auction TO the highest and brs, bidder. for cash IN
hand, all defendants right. s.tr and Interest i'm
anil TO the following described real property to-
wit: The north west quarter Of che south east quar-
ter and the south east quarter OF The south west
quarter In section D. Also the north east quarter
of the nth west quarter and the Hsrth west quar-
ter OF the north east quarter of section ~ in town.
ship ono, south Of range -ast aiming Ito acres
Of land, situate IN Gallaln county, M t. or 30
lnnch thereof a. may be sufficient 70 satisfy said
PLAINTIFF dem i.i.
Given untier my band on this the c0:h day of No
scInber, A. ID. 1873. JOHN e. GUY 81
Sheriff Of Galla.in County 81 T.
by e. r. BLAkELEY. Under Sheriff
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12

In the Centennial, an Eastern paper
wants Utah, Nevada, Montana and
Colorado represented BY towers Of
gold and tcEnplrsof silver!
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
TEIE
WRITEWA WATERMELON
TIED

FOR FARM, PLANTATION AND FREIGHT.
ALSO SPRING AND DEMOCRAT WAGONS.
Where we have no AGENTS
we viii sell directto parties
desiring them. Price and
description furnished ON ap-
plication. The Whitewatcr
costs a trif1e more than ordi-
nary wagons, but is the
cheapest in the long run.
SEMPLE, BlRGE&CO.
735OyTH NAN ST.. ST. LOUIS.
Parties writing us, will
Please mention in what pa
per they read our advertise
ment, rs we wish to Give
credit whore it's due.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
shcrif''s Sale.

+
pY vsRTrE O. AN EXECUTION issued ont of
a Is The FEST Judicial District Court Of Montana
a Is insHd TOR t.slintnn county, and to
airected and delivered, bearing date or November
tne .I,h. a. ID. ISIS, in favor OF George W. Tex
ma asainstF 2. fridiey, have lsved upon and
" Friday, TIE iseh say II Dsesmssr,..k. D. 1879,
zt II o.. lock y. m. of said day. IN front Of the
t c.. no.ss n The sown Or Bozeman county u
auction TO the highest and best bidder for cash in
hand ill defendants right. title and interest In and
" the following real property to-wis Lots Nos T.
IS and IL, and l01S feet on the east side OF lot =
and 10 feet or the west side Of LOT S. al in bloch
" the fown Of Bozeman, county II Gaiatin ana
Territory OF sdontana. Also the south west a. ar
ter OF section s, in township 2, south Of range 8
east. with all the Imrroycin belonging 10 said
property, or Inti hereof may be su icent To
satisfy said plaintiffs demand, to-wlt: Judgment
s6sI 80 costs ssf 20 and interest," and ali further
Given under my hand On .Li5 November Goth, 4.
=. ioto- j. T.. GUY,
sheriff Of t:ai,atis County. ID r
ny e. r. BLAKELEY, Under Siberia
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS.
Shcrif's Sale.

10y VIRTUE or AN EXECUTION issued ont ~
- the First Judicial District Court OF Montana
Territory IN and for Gallatin county and to me dir
ecicd ard delivered. IL favor Of Kil;s Davis and
again.t r.. FTidisy. bearing date of Nsrrmbyr
fl,s 18th. A. ID. 1873. nave levied upon md will
On vriaay, the 1cta day Of Dsesratsr, 4. D. 1873,
II lIeriock n. m. Of said day. in front of the
t'ourt Honsr, IN the Town OF HozcFnan county Of
Gatain and Territory of Montana, sell ut public
auc:5 10 the high st :nd best bidder for cash In
hand, ail drlcnanuis right tisis AM! interest in
and TO the following described real property, to-
viii Lots Nos :, IS and is. ard J, Y fee. of the
east se Of lot No =. and 10 feet on thr west side
IsnzeIaan, comfy Of Gailstin. Montana Territory
and the sou.h west quarter Of section Sir (6) In
township Q, south Of range Q cast Also aIl the
improvements upon .aid property. or 50 mu.h
thereof may be sufficient 10 seiisfy saia plain
ti1's demand, to-wit: JUDGMENT sag3 TO- it'll in
terest and costs *24 95, besides accrn,ng costs.
t.iyen nndtr my hand on this tie 1uti day OF No.
semher, a. b. 1873. j. G. GUY,
sheriff OF GaIlstin County, N. r.
BY c. r. BLAKELEY, Undcr Sheriff.
Bozeman avant courier. [volume] (Bozeman, Mont.) 1872-1882, 1873-12-12

W. MAKE THE STUDENT
thorough Boek-keeper
Quick an accurate In Figures. lit
An Elegant atnl Rapid Peamar.
An Fluent Speaker and Writer.
Gonversaht with the Laws OF Business.
Posted in Commerce. Trade ami Finance
and IN general y thorough, wllc-awa.e Lusines.
man.
Esery f.rner and merchant should ft his son for,
,uceess'ni hfe By sending him Ter x.Gew morths to
oiif institution. :. ~
v have uncql,ailei facilities tar is,.s.rt,ns !.
thorisii business eslacaton Our tc:,,.r. ~. vii
eNfrsi,hee accountants We have cu,,rs, of ...c
tufts on business, arts trsl cfsaes ,,, i,
he United States. VIZ have nae.aaits. .,,..ns ~
introducing our stu.lsnts ato actual business Uner
tlolis IN St. Louis sin.ienes can be placed ia the
lamuy OF ono OF the Professors md under h;s
charge NAG
Young Men Seeking EEpieynsnt,
MS. Ws have perfected arrangements by means .,
which We car, Guarantee y S3tu,AaiOx y snre;si
contract to these fnishing The sisiucsosiiy
TeiegrapAfng Full course ami Situation an
new roa,ts guaranteed by special cnfrucs TN.
Sound Cityls the model school Of tise West.
Send for circular and other inform tion so
Illus. A. ME President
The sun., 1873-02-19
The New Senate-Its First Duty.

The present Senate contains seven or
eight members who are proved TO have
been involved in corrupt practices. or
these, three or four deserve expulsion, aud
the rest should be subjected to the severest
censure.
At least FIVE Senators will take their seats
for the first time on the 4th of March next
who ought TO be expelled just so soon as
the proofs OF their corrupt transactions
can be completed.
ALLISON of Iowa has already been shown
| by testimony taken before the POLAND
committee to have been as deeply involved
in the Credit Mobilier bribery as any
| other Congressman. He was then mem
| Der of the House; and the testimony of
| AMEs, and even the admissions of ALLISON
himself, exhibit him in an extremely dis
creditable light
PATTERSON of South Carolina was ar
rested for bribing members of the Legisla-
ture on the very day he was elected to the
Senate. The proceedings in the Justices
court before which PATTERSON was sub
| sequently arraigned showed very clearly
that in the period which intervened be-
tween the arrest and the arraignment PAT
| IEhSpN huh Ildut IL MI TlBul WIN tne
prosecutors; and so the virtuous Senator
was discharged with a eulogium from the
Justice, and amid the cheers of the negro
| legislators who had been his accusers.
JONES of Nevada, who succeeds to the
seat of Brigadier-G JAMES w. NYE
through the joint purchase of NYE and the
| Legislature, Is destined TO be q burning
and shining light in the new era of bribery
and corruption. He not only buys his way
into the Senate but, after all is over,
makes an elaborate speech to the villains
who had taken his cash, justifying the use
of money on such occasions in style that
cannot fail TO elicit the enoomiums Of
every sooundrel in the land
PMCHBAoK is the legitimate spawn OF
the frauds, the forgeries, the perjuries, the
oorruptions of earpetbagism In Louisiana.
Elected to the Senate by bogus Legis-
lature, he has all through the troubles in
that unfortunate State been a small dema-
gogue in his own behalf, and the slippery
and convenient tool of bigger demagogues
| He has not the faintest showing of any
substantial claim to a seat In the Senate.
And now 1t turns out that DooKRAY, the
new Senator from Florida, is charged with
having obtained his election by corrupt
| transactions.
And II all the facts could be known,
does anybody suppose that these names
| would complete the iist ns srnztors whose
The sun., 1873-02-19
The Old Story.

From a comparison OF the most authentic
accounts of the diff culties with the Modoc
indians on the Oregon border il seems i'm
possible to resist the conclusion that the
troubles are the result of bad faith on the
part OF the whites, and a deliberate plot 10
plander the Government, under pretence
Of caring for the indians, by agents Of the
Indian Bureau.
According to report recently made to
Congress by Mr.. CLUM, acting Commis-
sioner Of Indian Affairs, who OF course puts
the best possible face on the matter, the
Aodoos have been harshly used. They were
nrst induced to go on a reservation with
the klamath Indians, who treated them so
badly that they could not remain there.
Then they were removed TO another part
OF the same reservation, but new eomplica-
tions arose which resulted in the departure
of the Modoos, who refused, as they said,
60 go into any traps for the benefit OF their
enemies, the Klanaths. Mr. A. b. MEAoH-
AN, who In Is7l was superintendent of In
dian Affairs in Oregon, recommended in his
report Of that year that q reservation OF
their own lands six tpiles square, lying