davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29
Farm, Garden, and Household.
Use of Muck

Farmers on small wheat farms often find
it difficult to keep up the fertility of the
soil, not being able to keep enough stock to
make manure. These same farmers buy
costly and sometimes useless artificial ma
uure>. little thinking that the much of their
SwampS and river beds, if iudiciously an
q.ed. would greatly add to the fertility of
me soil. tried three experiments with it
aSt season, on three different crOpS-clover
wheat, and potatoeS-on three different
kinds OF soil. The clover grew on light
sandy ioam- The field was Summer fallowed
tor wheat TWO seasons before, and received
heavy coat Of barn-yard manure. Last
spring picked ont the poorest strip in the
field. and top-dre>sed it with muck at the
rate Of forty loads to the acre. The result
was wonderful. That strip, in comparison
to the rest of the held, yielded one ton more
to the acre. The wheat grew on gravelly
loan The field was prepared in a Summer
ialow the year before, and received heavy
dressing of barn-yard manure-all except
half an acre, on which twenty loads of
muck were spread. The straw on this
spot grew stronger and healthier than on
any other part Of the field. Ihad no chance
Of comparing The grain. The potatoes were
planted on 4 dry, limestone shale Those
that received muck were large and drv
with very few small ones, while the pota-
toes Oh the rest of the field were OF poor
quality and too small for market purposes.
TO prepare muck properly. it should be
hauled out of the swamp In the spring,
piled on a dry knoll, and mixed with a
liberal supply OF lime, ashes, and common
salt. During the summer it should be turned
over three or four times, until thoroughly
pulverized and the compost completely
mixed. Leave il IA the action of the frost
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

rejolned their Companions.



rejoined their Companions.
THE RESULT.
Oh the 18th of April two steamers hove
in sight Signals were made. but were
probably not observed. This disappoint-
ment was however atoncd lor on the MOI
row, when the sealing steamship Tigrrss.
OF St. Johns, Newfoundland, accidentally,
in dense tog. steamed against the very
tioe OF ice which was lheil> habitatiou.
Three cheers We're given by the rescued
company and sent back by the 130 men
who composed the Tigress's crew. The
adyenturers We're cared for with the
utmost kindness, the sailors giving them
their own suits and underclothing, boots,
all necessary apparel, and their private
stores Of tea, sugar, coffee and many other
things The Tigre>s, having called Ill
Bay Roberts, arrived at St. Johns on the
18th ot May, in the afternoon.
A PREDICTION OF CAPTAIN HALLS FATE.
WAsHINGToN, ID. c., May u. The
Evening Star says with reference to the
account OF the Arctic adventure, as it ap-
pears in rs telegraphic columns to-day -
The suspected poisoning Of Captain
Hall recalls Il prediction made before the
sailing of the expedition by a person III
this city, well acquainted with It's person
mel, that Captain Hall would never return
alive, but would fall victim to the envy
OF some Of the party"
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

In the course of sermon delivered by
Mr.. Beecher the other day he referred 10
the subject of humbling ones self before
God. 81 beseech you" he said, "to avoid
that kind OF crawling, that piostration that
takes the manhood out of a mann. don t
think that God wants to have any man
crawl before Him like a worm. don't
think He is any more pleased TO see that
than you would be to see your children act
50. | have u little dog III the farm that
when come is so exceedingly glad that he
lies down and Squirms and rolls over on
his back, so that want to kick HIM That
same dog, although he is so afiectonatr,
will steal chickens. Now, u dog don't
know any better, but Il man does, and it
seems to me as if men think that if they
humble themselves before God and say al
manner Of scrouchng things, that will fit
them for the work There is no maninc>s
in this
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

A Pittsburg firm = Messrs. Rogers q
Burchlield-claim to have discovered a
process by which they can make the
famous Russian sheet-iron. The latter is
made i'll Siberia by secret process, which
no other nation has hitherto been able to
obtain. The British Government has Of
fered $4,000 for its discovery, but even
the stimulus of that large sum has failed
to achieve the result American enter
prise and ingenuity have accomplished it,
and Pittsburg, it is said, can furnish all
common markets with Russian sheel-irUu
at even lower prices than the Russians
themselves. The process has beent patent
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29
He Fell Asleep.

Behold the western evening light
1t melts in evening gloom;
So calmly Christians sink away,
Descending to the tomb.
The winds breath low, the whitening lea
Scarce whispers from the tree;
So gently flows the parting breath
When good men cease to be.
How beautiful on all the hills
The crimson light is shed!
'Tis like the peace the Christian gives
To mourners round his bed.
How mildly on the wandering cloud
The sunset beam Is casti
'Tis like the memory left behind
When loved ones breathe their last.
And now, above the dews of night.
The rising star appears;
So faith springs in the heart of those
Whose eyes are bathed in tears.
But soon the mornings happier light
Its glory shall restore,
And eyelids that are sealed in death
Shah wake TO close no more.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

| know not which is the greater won
der-that prayer which is a duty so easy
and facile, so ready and adapted to the
opportunities of every man should have
50 great effects and be productive Of such
mighty blessings; or, that we should be
SO unwilling to use so easy an instrument
of procuring so much good Jeremy
TAYLOR.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

The Duke of Argyll once asked Ed
mund Stone how he. a poor gardeners
boy, had contrived to read Newton s
Principles in Latin, to which he replied:
"One needs only to know the twenty-four
letters of the alphabet in order to learn
everything else that one wishesn'
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29
Oatmeal, Bone and Muscle.

Liebig has shown that oatmeal is almost
as nutritious rs the very best English beef.
and that II is richer than wheaton bread in
the elements that 90 to form bone and mus
Gle. Professor Forbes, OF Edinburgh, dur
ing some twenty years, measured the
breadth and height, and also tested The
strength of both the arms and lonS of the
students in the Uniyersity-a verv numtr-
Gus class. and of various nationa!ities
drawn TO Edinburgh by the fame of his teach
ing. He found that, in height, breadth of
chest and shoulders, and strength of arms
and lOinS, the Belgians were at the bottom
of the list; a little above them, the French !;
and highest of all, the Scotch and Scotch
Irish, from Ulster, who, like the natives of
Scotland, are fed in early years with at
least one meal day of good milk and good
oatmeal porrldge.
Speaking of oatmeal, an exchange re-
marks that very good drink is made by
putting about two spOOnfuls OF the meal
into tumbler of water. The Western
hunters and trappers consider it the best Of
drinks, as it is at once nourishing, un> timu-
lating, and satisfying. 1t is popular in the
Brooklyn Navy Yard, two and a half pounds
Of oatmeal being put into pail of moder
ately cool water. 1t is much better than
any of the ordinary mixtures OF vinegar
and molaSses with water which farmers use
in the haying or harvest field.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

THE MODEL Hog. In a recent discussion
before the Farmers Club of st. Louis, Pro-
fessor, G. w. Murtteldt said: Since the
attention of farmers has been given to de
veloping the hog, animals eleven months
old that weigh 800 or 325 pounds are often
seen 1t used to be considered a good hog
that reached 300 pounds in his eighteenth
month. This is the most desirable hog for
packers, and the 'Berkshre" fills the bill
nearer than any other breed. The ''Poland
China is considered Improbable, except
for the matter of lard. In this latitude, and
south of it, a black hog is preferable to IL
white one, because it can stand the heat
better. If wanted pig to eat, drink and
sleep, | should choose the "Sulolk," but
the model hog is the "Berkshre.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

81 never could believe" said Richard
Humbold, about to die on the scaffold for
completely in the Rye House Plot"
''that Providence had sent few men into
the world ready booted and spurred tc
ride, and millions ready saddled and
bridled to be ridden"
A little schoolgirl in Danbury has lately
had her dinner stolen. No clew could be
obtained of the thief although it was
sought with tears. Finally a mild plan
was hit upon. A tempting doughnut will
filling of cayenne pepper was placed il
her pail, and the result watched. Before
noon little boy was seen at the pump
working it in a lively manner. 1t seemed
if he had had two hundred pairs OF arm
he could have used them. The fire wa
put out, however. and enough OF thu
structure saved to take across the knee fo
a few minutes.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29
Foo the Republican journal.
Beecher on RevivaIs.

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The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

WHY CLOVER IMPROVES THE SOIL. Pro
fessor Voelcker thus explains the action oi
clover in increasing the fertility of soils
All who are practically acquainted with the
subject must have seen that the best crops
of wheat are produced by being preceded
by crops Of clover growing for seed.
l have come to the conclusion that the
very best preparation, the best manure,
is good crop Of clover. A vast amount
of mineral manure is brought within
reach of the corn crop, which other
wise would remain in Il lockedup con-
dltion in the soil. The clover plants
take nitrogen from the atmosphere, and
manufacture it into their own substance,
which, on decomposition Of the clover roots
and leaves, produces abundance of am
monia. In reality, the growing Of clover
Is equivalent, to great extent, 10 manurn@
with Peruvian guano, and in this paper of
mine | show that you obtain a larger quanti-
ty of manure than in the largest dose of
Peruvian guano which a farmer would ever
think of applying. 1t is only by carefully
investigating subjects like the one under
consideration that positive proofs are given,
showing the correctness OF intelligent OBJ
servers in the field.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29

SMALL HORSES. The Southern Farmer
says: The arguments may all be in favor
of great size, but the facts are all the other
way. Large horses are more liable to STUN
BILE and be lame than those of the middle
size. They are clumsy and cannot fill them
selves so quick. There is nothing more
surprising to western men than to visit
Montreal and see the small but stout Ca
madam horses hauling large, two-seated car
riages, full of people, with apparent ease.
A horse weighing 900 in Maine takes chaise
or Concord wagon, with two men in it, and
make fifty or sixty miles day over hills
that might have terrified Hannibal. But
their weight is where it ought to be. 1t is
compact, and not lying around loose. 1t is
muscle, not pulp, that we want in a horse
correspondent of the Germantown Tele-
graph believes that he saved his plums from
the curculio, by hanging in the tree corn
cobs thoroughly saturated with sweetened
water; which cobs, according to his theory,
are used as place of deposit for her eggs
by the curculio, in preference to the young
plum. The project does not look reasona
BILE to US, but Mr. A. S. Smith, Of Indiana
has tried it, saved his fruit, and never knew
it to fail.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1873-05-29
Piantinu Corn.

Land for corn should be rich, if possible; !;
II not naturally so, it should receive a good
dressing OF manure of some kind. The
Kind OF manure Is not so important as that
it should be rich and in abundance. Corn
IS gross feeder, and Will, IN the four or
i've months 1t occupies the soil, assimilate
vast quantity of plant food. even when it
is undecomposed in the beginning. Having
manured the land as far as the available
fertilizing material will 90, stop and give
the remainder of your labor to the mechan-
ical preparation of the soil. Plough deep
and closely. Subsoi if possible; (and it is
our private opinion that, except in rare
cases, no land should he planted in corn
without being subs0iIed) harrow, cross
plough and harrow again. Prepare the
land as for garden. When the time to
plant arrives, open the rows perfectly
straight, four feet apart, following the
plough with subsoiler or scooter running
as deep as possible. The corn should be
planted thick or thin, according to the
quality of the land. If treated as above
suggested, it will bear pretty thick plant
ing
The thin layer of loose earth cannot sup
ply sufficient moisture to sustain so large
and thick growth; hut if the land is loose
to the depth of fifteen or eighteen inches,
TINS VIII not be the case. The deep soil will
retain the moisture and give it out to meet
the demands of the plant. The subsequent
cultivation of corn, if the land is thoroughly
prepared TO start with, is an easy matter
The cnltivator or light plough passing often
enough to keep the earth loose and mellow.
and prevent the weeds from growing and
appropriating the moisture and manure to
their own use, is all that Is necessary. In
one thing, however, we think many good
farmers err-they lay by their corn plough
too soon. Ploughing should be continued
until the corn Is about ready to bloom or
tassel If discontinued before that time,
the weeds and grass will make such a
growth as to rob the corn before it natures
THE SECRET OF COOP BUTTER. Many
have been the attempts TO account for the
superior reputation of Philadelphia butter.
Perhaps the most popular notion was that
it was due to the prevalence in our pastures
and hay-heldS of the E'sWeet vernal grass,
which often @ives so peculiar a fragrance
to meadow hay. But it needed very little
reasoning to demolish such theory as this
This grass is one of the poorest for hay OF
pasture purposes, and scarcely exists excep
on cold clay lands, in partially shady places
near groves or low woods We owe much
more of the sweetness of our butter to the
aounuance ol springs anu spring houses IL
our State, than to anything peculiar which
grows in our pastures. Milk has particu
lar affinity for any odors in the atmosphere
and water has some; hence, whatever i'm
purities may get into the atmosphere Of the
sprlng- house are drawn out by running
water, and the very best security is provid
ed against their being absorbed by the
cream Germantown Telegraph.
SMALL HORSES. The Southern Farme
says; The arguments may all be in favo
of great size, but the facts are all the othe
liai 70 ct,,.,,
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1873-06-05

New MARKET POLYTECHNIC lNsTITUTE.-We
VALLEYS account 0 the commencement exercises
Of the above institute on the 28th. Tae graphic
description of our contemporary was read with
much interest. From it we learns that a. large
and brilliant assemblage was present, and par-
ticipated in the ceremonies. The efforts of the
various orators on the occasion represented as
meeting the expectations of their friends, and
that student from this county isthus spoken OF:
In tender sympathy with the strain OF music
that just died away, Mr. A. A. Hahn, ofAugus-
ia, took up the eloquent refrain of "Fading
Flowers" This beautiful theme occupied him
half an hour, and charmed the numerous assem-
bly, with the spirit of DELICIOUS thought with tones
| Of voice exquisitely in harmony with the tender
| theme. If Ossian be right in luxuriating in he
| Joy of Grief" this delicious tribute Of Mr.
| Hahn's Valedctocy, filled US all with the ''Joy
! of Grief"
| After the presentation of various testimonials
of esteem from the ex students to Prof. Benton
Salyards and Calvert and bouquets from the Ia
dies, and brief addresses from Hon. ]. L. Har
ris, Judge Stewart, Of Page, and Julge calver
of Shenandoah. and other intere54ins; proc eed.
ings, Maj. r. w. Hunter, OF the Winchester
I Times, was introduced as the orator of the day
His address is represented as very superior il
everyespeet, rejecting much credit upon the speak
er.T The degree of A. NJ. was conferred upon j. "
Harrison, A. L. Hensel, C. d. Graves, ana H
II. Henkel. A special diploma of graduation
in chemistry was conferred OH G. W. Burk ano
one on c. K. Urner, on civil engineering.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1873-06-05

VIRGINIA IRoE FURNAcEs.-Th Fin
castle (Val Herald learns that Rebecca Fur
mace, the property of Gen. J. r. Anderson
situated near Dagger's Springs, in Botetourt
county, VI i'll shortly be put in operation, and
that Gleuwood Furnace in Arnold's Valley,
in that county, has been rented by a New
Jersey firm, who will soon set it to blowing
again. The new railroads about reaching in
to the valley revives the mineral region en-
ssrprizes.
The Page Courier says 1.-THE carts, hor-
ses and workmen have actually arrived at Lu-
ray, and ground will be broken on the 5. V.
r. R. to-day at the east end Of Luray, by a
good force, and with the determination of
completing the graduation and masonary of
the entire work between Luray and Front
Royal by the first of October. Then, the
work will be Immediately commenced South
of Luray op to the Chesapeake and Ohio
A "long, lean, lank" lost husband Is ad-
vertised as sprayed nr stclrn" hy Yrs. :.
Susan EIundloy, of Wythe candy, Va.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1873-06-05
BANKRUPTCY. AGAIN.

Our attention has been called to the fact
that there is a misapprehension existing in
the minds of some as to the effect Of the de-
csion Of the U. S. Supreme Court in case
brought before it from Georgia. on the bank
rupt question. The decision was published
in the Richmond Dispatch, and an editorial
comment Herewith claiming that the ruling
OF the court was adverse to the exemption
claim Of two thousand dollars against debts
contracted before the adoption Of the State
Constitution. Several papers in the Valley
have published the same opinion without
comment. The Supreme Court only decided
that State could not pass law impairing
the obligation of a contract, and therefore
the retroactive homestead clause was uncon-
stitutional. The Supreme Court of.the State
of Virginia made similar decision, which
was concurred in by Judge Rives Of the u.
S. District Court. No one pretends to claim
now that homestead exemption can be put
in against debts created before the adop ton
Of the State Constitution. The homestead is
the creature of State law, and where it is
claimed against old debts, cannot be allowed
inasmuch as it comes 10 conflict with the Con-
stitution of the U. S.. which provides that no
State shall pass law impairing the obliga-
ton Of contracts. There is no Limitation,
however, to the power Of Congress in passing
a bankrupt law, except that it be "uniform."
The present law has been decided by the
Federal Courts to be uniform and therefore
its exemptions--th is bankrupt and not
homestead exemption, of two thousand dol
lars, &c, is perfectly valid. The distinction
to be drawn here is. that the bankrupt act
creates an exemption Of its own-it is pecu-
liarly bankrupt exemption and therefore
constitutional, and not the enforcement by
act of Congress Of an unconstitutional State
homestead law. We have heretofore express
ed the opinion that from the obvious mean
ing of the bankrupt amendment of March,
1873, it interposed to arrest s'debt' in what
ever condition it was found, whether created
before or since the war, and to discharge it
on application of the debtor through the pre-
soribed forms of the bankrupt act-that
Fdebt" was "debt" until discharged, it mat
tored not what was its character. We still
maintain that this is the true nterpreta ton
OF the law as it is written, and we believe the
Supreme Court will sustain it, should case
be taken before it.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1873-06-05

DEATH OF A WE'LL KNOWN CoNFEDER-
ATE OFFICER. Major Wells j. Hawks died
at his residence in Charlestown. West Vir
ginia, on Wednesday last. Major Hawks
was native of Massachusetts, but for more
than thirty years he Ihad been citizen
ofVirginia, At the commencement Of the
civil war he entered the service of the Con-
federate States. and upon the promotion OF
General jackson became member of his
staff; commissary respectively of his high
brigade, divisions and corps. It will be re-
membered that just before the death of Gen
eral Jackson he was heard to say quickly,
"A. p Hill, prepare fer action; tell Major
Hawks to send forward provisions for the
troops" Perhaps the most comprehensive
description of Major Hawkes. character is
embraced in the statemen, that General Jack
son had entire confidence in him.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1873-06-05
tease NO. 1928.

THIS Is TO GIVE NOTICE THAT on the 2ndt
day of April, A. D.. 1873, Warrant in Bank
ruptcy was issued against the estate of DanieR
ugher of Rockingham County, and State
of Virginia. who has been adjudged Bankrupt,
on his own petition THAT the payment of any
debts, and the delivery of any property belong
ing to said Bankrupt to him or for his use, and
the transfer of any property by him, forbid
den by lsw;-That meeting of the creditors of
said Bankrupt, to prove their debts and choose
one or more Assignees of his estate. will be held
at Court of Bankruptcy, to be holden at the
Office of the Register in Bankruptcy in Harrison
burg, Virginia. before C. DOUGLAS GRAY, ESQ.,,
Register. on the 25th day of June, A. D.. 1873, at
10 o'clock. a. M JOSEPH S. EFFINGER,
Deputy U. s. Marshal, as Messenger.
may 1926
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1873-06-05

OFFICERS ELEcTED.-Ata meeting of the
Stockholders of the Shenandoah Valley Rail
road at Front Royal On the Goth inst, the
following officers were elected:
President Thomas A. Scott.
Darectors-J NJ. Walker, W. L. Boye
John w Ashby, VIM. Mines, Jr Mann
Splitter, W. H. Travers, A. R Boteler, Thos
B. Kennedy, VIM. Mcclellan, Fl. B. Harm
berger, NJ. 3. Buck.
The President, Vice President, Secretary
and Treasurer of the old Board Of Directors
were selected