davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

ACCIDENTALLY SHoT-THE PARTY
IN A CRITICAL CoNDITIoN.-S Saturday
evening general rumpus occurred in
Rockets, near Fulton, and during the
melee John Hudson, an old man, about
eighty-seven years of age, shot himself in
the stomach with a shotgun. 1t seems
that Felitus Fredo went to the house of q
Mr.. George Hudson and meeting his wife
in the yard cursed and abused her.. Mr..
Hudson resented the insult; but Fredo, it
seems, was getting the best of him, when
Mr.. John Hudson, the father Of George,
approached with loaded shotgun, and
in attempting to strike, Fredo, with it he
struck the hammer Of the gun against
fence; the gun went off, lodging its con-
tents in the stomach OF Mr.. Hudson. The
wounded man is considered to be in q
critical condition by his physician,
DR.. Brooke. Felitus Fredo was ar
rested last Saturday and lodged in
the First station-house. This morning
he was brought before Justice White on
three different charges, that of the shooting
John Hudson, threatening and abusing
Josephine Hudson. The Justice after
hearing the facts as above narrated, dis
charged the accused on the first charge, but
fined him ten dollars and sent him to Jail
for ninety days on the latter charges.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08
RICHMOND. VA. MONDAY EVENING.

Q - a
HUsTINGss GoURT-WRITs OF HA
BEAs CoRPUs--IMPoRTANT DECISION
OF JUDdE GUIaoN. The only cases that
were disposed Of by Judge Guigon In the
hustings court were on writs Of habeas
corpus. @'' .- e
Lucien Ford, charged with an attempt
to defraud the Tredegar works Of fifty dol
lars, and who was committed to Jail by
Justice White for six months, was re-
committed to Jail by Judge Guigon
to await the action Of Ythe grand
jury in the matter, the judge
deciding that the police justices
have no right to try, cases of such magni-
tude. their powers alone being confined to
petit larcenies and assaults. &aAoli9
Edward Wood, sentenced this morning
by Justice White to the grand jury, JAN
uary term of the hustings court, for indicl-
ment for burglary, being refused bail by
the justice, and committed to Jail, was re-
leased therefrom on writ of habeas corpus,
sued out by bis counsel before Judge
Guigon, who granted the accused bail in
the sum of $500.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

RESIGNATION OF A UNITED STATES
OFFICER. .--On Saturday last; as is learned
from Washington. Henry ii. Wells. jr.,
esq.,, United States District Attorney fol
the Eastern District of Virginia, rendered
to the President his resignation Of the
office which he has held for year or
more past. and whose duties he has dis
charged with vigor and efficiency. In the
belief that his resignation was uncon-
ditional and the Office would thereby be
vacant, many gentlemen have been named
as his successor, prominent among whom
are Hon, James Foote johnson of Bedford,
Colonel Johns. Mosby Of Fauquier, John
Hammer Gilmer, esq, Of Richmond, Major
William r. Worthington, present assistant
district attorney, Colonel j. Randolph Pop
ham, Judge Alfred Morton, DR.. Isaac H.
Shields and Hon. James Lyons, each one
of whom is equal to the discharge Of the
important duties that would devolve on
him.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

Go TO ALIENS HAT STORE, 1916
Main street, for bargains.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08
TWENTY PER CENT.

upon the amount Of tax SO remaining due"
The collector respectfully calls the attention
Of those parties who have SO repeatedly promised
to settle their bills (other than the hnlfpaid
bills), and on which he has been so lenient,
that should he now fail to cali on them by the
18TH OF DECEMBER, and they fail to pay
during the month Of December, that he will be
compelled under the duties Of his office to collect
tn JANUARY BY LEVY. with the additional
TWENTY PER GENT
40 JOHN F. REaNAULT,
de el-lm Collector
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08
TEN PER GENT.

win be a ided to the amount Of said remaining
halfof the tax charged In every case where the
party assessed shall fail to pay said remaining
half within the time SO limited"
"But In case any person having failed to pay
IN the MONTH OF JUNE one-half Of the city
taxes due from such person, shall fail to pay the
whole thereof ON or before the slST DAY OF
DECEMBER, there shall be added
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

WASHINGTON, December S.-General
Sickles' resignation will not in the least
affect the relations Of our government
with that of Spain. No late communica-
tons with the Spanish government have
passed through his hands, and none would,
should he remain in Madrid. 5H4hs
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

THE VIRGINIA SENAToRsHIP.-- The
Marion, Smithe county, Herald advocates
the claims of Governor G C. Walker fol
United States senatorship from Virginia.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

WASHINGTON, December 8-.Senate.--
Mr.. Merrimon, of North Carolina, pre-
sented the resolution Of the Legislature Of
that state, asking for a modification of the
internal revenue laws. tse (, as fs1gsesa
Mr.. Spencer, of Alabama, introduced o
bill in relation to United States courts in
that Statc.pi s;l % t1E
Mr.. Stevenson, of Kentucky, introduced
q bill providing that the busts of the late
Chief Justices fancy and Chase be placed
in the United States supreme courtroom.
House. The forenoon was occupied in
the call of states for bills. A large num-
her uvara ;nfrnd,,nod Us $500 sf- - li'i ~.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

CHRISTMAS TOYS, wholesale and retail,
PHILIp wRBER, 1919 Main street, has the largest
stock of Toys in the CITY,. Gall early and get
your Christmas supplies. Also, manufacturer
of Willow Ware, Willow Baskets, Oane Chairs,
and Settees.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

| Masonic MEETINGS. s.-To.night at 6
o'clock Grand Lodge A. Y. M. at st.
Albans Hall.
Knights Templar-Thursday 12 M,
same place. A4
Grand r. A. Chapter-Thursday night
at O'Clock, same place. eia,
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08
ANOTHER VERSION OF THE sroR
|. uI.u.sI aldl ~ \
CUBAN AFFAIRS.

No Change In the PrOtoc0l--Tle Deliv.
cry of the vfrgfntus and Survivors
to be Made at Cuban POrts-Etc.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

Where he respectfully invites his friends and
customers. Thankful for the liberal patronage
of the citizens of Richmond and of Virginia in
the past, he hopes to merit the same in the
future at his new place Of business. no2s-im
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

FuRs, HATS AND Cars in great yarie.
ty at Aliens, 1916 Main street,
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1873-12-08

WINTER STYLE SILK HATS at "a, So,
&c and $7 at Aliens i3l
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

On Friday evening of last week, q
series of tableaux vivants were Civ.
en- at the Congregational vestry in
West Randolph, under the auspices
of the post of the "Grand Army Of
the Republic" the costumes and
scenery being furnished by the
American Art Association OF New
York, superintendent by Ii. r.
Brown of New York. The enter,
tainment was truly mcritorious, and
the object for which it was given
worthy, but twas doomed to failure
for want of support and patronage
OH the part of our citizens. The old
war veterans OF the "Grand Army"
cannot but fully appreciate this eff
fort on the part of the citizens for
whom they have endured so much,
to encourage and support them in
an endeavor to keep alive and per-
petuate the remembrance of the
bloody scenes of the past.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

WELLS RlVER.-Some four weeks
ago Willis Palmer, the insurance
agent, had slight shock of palsy
in the face, and for three weeks
was unable to wink his right eye or
move the right side of his mouth.
But lie is now recovering and will
soon be able to attend to business.
Judge Levi Tabor, has bought
and sold since last September, I
tons of butter and ton of poultry.
The Judge is 70 years old but to all
appearances but about so. he is
full of action, fnn, and is good for
the butter trade Of the next 20
years.
w. G. Marshall has bought the
Smiley building, back of his gro
Gerry, paying $500. lie is now fit
ing IN the two lower rooms for a
barber shop and billiard room, and
the upper room will be re fitted for a
photograph gallery. In the spring
he also intends to raise up his gro
Gerry building and remodel it
throughout, making the grocery
room 10 feet high with cellar below.
On Thursday the 14th inst. the
Stockholders of the bank held a
meeting and elected the following
board of directors, consisting OF
five, instead of seven. as heretofore
A. b. w. Tenney, Abel Underwood,
VIM. Cummings, |. n. Hall, w. Il.
Shedd. The ont going directors
were Judge Harvey deceased, and
Geo. Leslie, cashier. At a subse-
quent meeting of the directors A.
Il. w. Tenney was elected president.
JIG. French, one of the directors
of the NJ. & w. r. r., has his house,
on the Underwood lot north OF the
village, raised, and well under way.
Its size is 2Sx32 with an l. 24x2S.
The main part is two stories, and IA
going to he we'll finished. James
Dalton is the builder and intends
to have it completed by the LIST OF
May.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

The annual encampment Of the
Department Of Vermont, q. A. r..
was held ut the headquarters of
Post Badly Smith Jan. 3Oth, nearly
all the Posts in the State being re.
presented. Reports were Submitted
by Col. w. q. Weary, the Depart.
ment Commander. and by j. II.
Goulding and l.. Il. Kingsley the
Assistant Adjutant General and
Quartcrlnastcr General, which show
that the Order is in a ilOurishing
condition.
The following officers were elected
for the year ensuing:
Commander, Whcclock &. Veazey
of Rutland =. V. G, Theodore s.
Peek of Burlington. -, =
j. V. C., NJ. +. Carpenter Of st,
Adams.
Medical Director, DR.. II. II,
Langdon of Burlington.
Chaplain Rev. Harvey Webster
of West Berkshire.
Council of Administration: II. Il.
Ilartshorn Of Ludlow, Il. j.. McWain
IF West Randolph, VIII. Gilmore
u Bradford, II. s. Hard of Airing
ton.tAlhcrt Clarke of st Adams.
Representatives to National En-.
campment.: w. w. Henry of Bur
lington, ii. Z. Taylor of Brattle-
horo alternatcs, J. Ii. Goulding OF
Rutland, II. NJ. Currier of Brattlc.
b0rO.
1t was voted to hold the next en-.
campmcnt at B!attlebOrO.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

UNION VILLAGE.-A. Il. Cam
bridge has sold his residence 10 An
son West, of Straflorl.
Daniel Turner fell from the roof
OF his house last week, hurting one
ankle very badly.
While j. Il. Cloud was drawing
wood recently, he drove into q hole
in the road, which threw him from
the load, and the sled passed over
one leg, injuring him quite seriously.
The New England Chemical com.
pany Of Copporas Hill, j. w. Cleve'
land agent, has suspended opera
tons.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14


At The late Temperance meeting
the County Commissioner reports
that 533G gallons "medicine" were
sold in Caledonia county, between
Oct. 1871 and Oct. 1872, at cost of
sGOO5 90, and by agents in ten towns,
as follows: Barnet, 10 gals. s5O4.-
"a. q of a year.) Burke, 2244 gals.
S7SS.1S. Danville, 2l94 gals. sSl6..
20. Hardwick, POI gals. $4,000.
Groton, 145 gals, $4,000. .(21 qrs.)
Lyndon, 259 gals. 1127.O0. Peach
am, lO6 gals. $4,000. st. Johns.
bury, $40 gals. s3273.00. Water.
ford, 81 gals. 92l2.0o. (part Of yr.)
Wheelock, III gals. $4,000. (part
of Year,.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

NEWBURY.-Deacon L. Kinney
|and wife celebrated the fortieth an
of their wedding, Jan.
.tlh. Although very stormy day,
mere were a gOodly number present,
|orinIslng with them much good cheer
r'nd some very nice presents. After
b'aitaking of refreshments and being
ped IN some choice selections of songs
I'ad music by Rev. S. l.. Bates, the
.Eompany dispersed, leaving behind
mem many good wishes for the fu'
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

l. L. Pierce, who went from Ign
don, now resides in Window. MINI.
We have received a letter from
him, since the great storm, in which
he wonders how anybody exposed
t" the storm could help frcezing.-
In a little village Is miles from him
he reports that IL dead bodies had
been brought in, and new cases of
suffering and death were daily com.
ing to light. SO says the Union.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

A Brattleboro' lover of the ardent
pvocures his beverage by obtaining
two bottles just alike and filling one
with water. Going to the vender
he has the empty one filled, aud
says he will pay Oh the morrow.
The seller, already having enough
Of this credit, demands the bottle
and contents, but is surprised next
day when he finds tn" bottle only
containing Il pint Of water.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

The present population of Nor
wich is $50; in 1920, $500. There
are in town three saw mills, one
grist mill, two post.ofiices, two rail
road stations, one store, five church
es and two clergymen. 1t, has no
town house, but. good .tnwn farm,
and six paupcrs, one physician, a
few loafers. no attorneys, and only
one acting sclectman. -.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

Susan Heath, an old lady % years
old, lives with u. ID. Morrill, of SO.
Danvillc, and surprises him daily
with her youth. She threads her
needle and reads without glasses.
She stands straight, and docs house.
work as lively as a woman a half
century younger. In one day last
year she spun three skeins1of yarn,
and wove 8 yards of webbing. For
light work she occupies her time
piecing bedquilts. -
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

The epizootic seems to be about
AS prevalent among men, women,
and children of TOwnshend, as it
was a few weeks ago among the
horses.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

some of our exchanges have pub.
|,Sned all item stating that "the
iown System of Schools work well
n Vollnth,' and that they will not
oe Ilkely to vote to 60 back to the
district System" If that IS so
tGere must have been quite a change
cl sentiment in regard to the mat
|'er within a short time.
How is this, we Corinthians!
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

There are now living in Randolph,
in one family, two couples, i'll one
of which the man was so years old
last June, and his wife 80, last May.
In the other the man was Sc years
old last October and his wife 80 last
Nav.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

thursday morning, Jan. 80. was
ne coolest of the season in Brat.
t,noie, the mercury in different To-
nis.s Indicating from SO to 50 de.
sScs below zero.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

There is not school in the Black
River Valley, from Irasburgh thrO'
Albany towards South Crattsbury.
a distance of II miles that is in run.
ming order; most, if not ali are
stopped on account of sickness eli.
Their of teacher or schOla RS, or both.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

The work of clearing the Con.
necticut River from ice at White
River Junction by the use of dualin
has bc"ni abandoned as involving
too much expense.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

NJ. S. Davis, of West Randolph,
threw some kerosene in the stove
on Sunday. A few moments after.
wards he was seen with his face Gov.
cred with cloths, likewise his wrist
was considerably burned, but he is
recovering.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14
Buckingham's Dye.
FOR TIE WHISPERS.

As our Remover in many cases
requires too long = time, and too
much care, to restore gray or faded
Whiskers, VIC have prepared this
dye, in one preparation; which viii
quickly and effectually accomplish
this result. 1t is easily applied,
and produces q color which will
neither rub nor wash of: Sold by
all Druggists. Price Fifty Gents.
Manufactured by R. P. HALL 4 CO.,
NASHUA, Nj
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

MAREIED.-At the Hotel in East
Thctfor,l, Jan. 30th, by the Rev. T..
+. Searle. Mr.. Frank Z. West, of
West Fairlce, to Miss lmosena ID.
Slack, daughter OF the Hon. +. S.
Slack. Some eighty relatives and
friends assembled to witness the
ceremony after which they all par
took of the bountys of well spread
table. The remaining Part OF the
evening was spent IN Il social dance.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

A disease is prevailing among the
sheep in Chelsea, called the itch.
1t loosens the wool, and Injuries the
fleece very much.
\ good shoe maker is wanted in
Chelsea. No doubt he would find
employment.
Mrs. Geo. a. Leayitt, Of Chelsea,
recently fell down stairs, cutting an
ugly cash in her forehead, and get
ting various bad bruises on other
parts of her body.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

Snow has fallen in the vicinity OF
WiIliamstown, the present winter
NINETY inches by measurement.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

phineas Sargent, Of Thetford,
finding that his chickens disappear.
ed mystcriously, set trap near them
one evening and soon caught All owl.
The bird measured four feet from
I'm to tiD of the wings.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

There was a grand wedding at the
uGilchrlst Homestead" in Mclndoes
Falls on the 3Oth ult. Over an hun
dred guests were there to witness
the nuptial ceremony which united
Lizzie, the daughter of W. Il. Mon
teitk, with Mr.. Flint of n. Y.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

lhe factories at Vergennes are
INNING only three quarters time,
BUSINESS being slack.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

BAINET.-The heavy snow storm,
which occurred about the middle ct
Dee. last, buried II pair of ducks
belonging TO Il. j. I!untoon of Nun.
roe, n. II. In Just four weeks, the
snow having melted, they made Their
appearance well and hearty.
On the I'D ult. Stephen Manches.
ter came very near being run over
by the up express train. lie was
walking on the track in the same
direction with the cars and being
very deaf, did not hear the approach
ing train, although the engineer
sounded the whistle repeatedly.
Manchester walked on unconscious
of any danger until he felt the jar,
looked behind Just az the engine
reached him. He made il leap that
he may well brag about hereafter.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

Over seven feet Of snow have fall
len i'm Woodstock this season.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

The Ladies of the Baptist society
of Nershire have succeeded in Sc
curing funds for the purchase of a
new carpet for the church, and it
will soon be put down. This with
some other contemplated repairs
will be great improvement.
n very successful Levee was re.
Gently held by the Methodist SOcie.
ty at tho mines in VershiIe, the OBJ
.ject being to procure funds for re-
plenishing the Sabbath School Ii.
brary.
Mr.. Carleton of Vershire, husband
of the woman so horribly frozen a
few weeks since, has sold his farm
to Mr.. Montgomery of the mines,
for one thousand dollars.
A young man 10y the name of Nc
Carly whose parents reside in Yer
shire, was recently burned to death
in a boarding house in New York.
He had formerly worked at the
mines in this place, but had been
away during the past three years.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14

There will be u sleigh ride from
Bradford TO Oxford on Wednesday OF
next week, dining at Oxford Hotel
at about 3 o'clock, +. NJ. All are
invited. Bradford Brass Band will
accompany the ride.
In the evening Bradford Dramat'
ic Club will give an entertainment
at Academy Hall, Oxford. For par
ticnlars see pOstersand programmes.
GRoT0N..-Thc ties on the road
are now being scattered along the
line in this town. and track laying
will he commenced in April or rs
soOn AZ the ground settles.
Orange Buchanan who has been
IN Nevada during the past year, is
expected home this month, with
Judge Hall, who has been there to
visit his son.
The Millcritcs Of this town have
fixed upon the 10th Of April next az
the last day Of mundane existence
Some Of them refuse to send for
the doctor in case of sickness, rs the
end of nil things is so near.
Blanchard, and Prof. Quimhy, Of
Hanover, n. II, are building q
steam mill on the line Of the rail
road, a mile and a half above Rick
cr's mill. They intend to have /,
ready for business in May. The
engine is l2O horse power.
Ten new dwellings aud one store
have been erected in GrOton village
since the railroad building com
menccd. Several barns and small
or buildings have been built durin.
the same time.
The lumber of this section vii
not amount to more than half as
much AS last year. Lumbermcn are
waiting for the cars.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1873-02-14
Ayers


Il widely known
~ one of the most
effectual remedies
ever discovered tor
cleansing the sys-
tenn and purifying
the blood. It has
stood the test OF
years, with . con.
stantly growing rep
utation. based on its
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1873-08-15
eRANeEs.


The first Grange was organizl
1868, in Minnesota, the seyo
Iowa and soon after the order e
troduced into Wisconsin and III liftssss !
For four years it made bat little
headway. at the close Of 1871 y
numbered in the whole West only
sixty thousand members, Lnt the
farmers by this time began to bc
educated into the benefits accruing
from the organization both in q
social and cooperative business point
of view They next saw thatthrough
these Oranges the farmers' power
could be greatly augmented while
recent events, especially the EaF
against railroad monopolies, de-
veloped the movement everywhere
so that to-day the order numbers
half a million members.
The order has a grand head styled
the National Grange, which meets
every two years, while the State
Oranges are required to meet every
year, and tho subordinate Gran ,gos
every month, or as often as necessars
ry. In the inferior branches women
as we'll as men are admitted to all the
degrees (which are four) and are also
allowed to hold office. "Fhe fifth
degree is conferred upon men only,
and is peculiar to the State Oranges.
Those. only are eligible who have
served as Masters Of subordinaEa
bodies. The sixth degree is con-I
ferred only on members Of the Coun-
Gil of the National Oranges. This
Council is composed of Masters and
Past Masters of the State Oranges.
The Council meets once in ovc-y year
The seventh is the highest to which
any patron can attain. It is con-
ferred only on members Of the
National Senate, which is composed
of members of the Council who have
served one year in that body The
functions Of the Council and Seuht a
are similar to those Of Representa-
tives and Senators in Legislative
pOuAoos AuO SupISho 6ASCubAfV
authority in the Order is lodged in
the Master of the National Grange;
but each subordinate Grange has its
own Master, Overseer, Lecturer and
other officers. The halls or roomH
used for the meeting of many Of the
subordinate Grange are elegantly
fitted up, and furnished with every
attraction and incentive to atten
dance. Libraries some Of then
number thousands Of volumes
pianos, pictures, chess tables, and III
fact everything that may serve II
amuse and instruct are the almog
invariable concomitants Of thess
places. Private concerts and social
parties are of frequent occurrence
the very intimacy thus engendered
rendering the body more firm and
the action of the organization moro
combined and powerful