, 1873-05-30


aatd stock by forcing 1t upon tho market aud doprcas
Ing s value to to extent ~ to enable iow epee.
those WHO aded In liz construction Of Ill yo!co IL id
management, increasing ts cost four Or avo ttnlea
sns bs It wSa ys coat a Ss0 Fsra
Fl tle start % build md equip tho road hon rea,ir,
Ps:seoss1 t,,: ops1ste; in,s,easly f IL 5ss
form ind rcstraint W by adequate lessiaiioh. u,
Reaolrcd That we roconmoud all farmers to with-
tune unoss It TO fully conceded TINT corporations 80
aided auecct to regulation by tho powor tncor-
ssss fga p%s ssea ass ssss ss s s
Issclved, THAT wo iiadorso and viii support, Tho
t eissg r'y n eht r0svns If ssnsat aa e.
pasise aathories. Ina u the1aby sA aescptsd g an s-
mtsa set 70 Se corporation xt public t,neton
chartor III Tho Limitation Of lta ratea; and
Iesolped. That railway being practically morop
ccansy through wiioh PASSES, % and that % %conponn
except at few points cannot bo relied uron to 4.
s.nu IL fix reasonuDlea aud medium rates, arordng
far remuneration to tho transportera, and without be-
Resolved, % That inas1nucl, ID belgium Ia, succeeded
n regulating tho raea upon railwnys BY goyern1nont
lines ask M investigation of tho PROPAGATION to eo-
aud controlled by tho stato authorities, md at
uniform and cheap rntos.
Resosutd, That tho consolidation OF parallel limos Of
railways j. contrary to public policy, and should bo
Resolved, i1nt Whenever railway corporation ownn
Or controls 'Ino lines IN more States, 1t ia
tho right ad duty Of the General Government TO reg
uato tho ratos Of freight md faro upon such lines m
der tho constitutional power to regulate commerce DO
tween the Htatea.
Rcsolred, That VIC recommend thorough organ,za-
purpose OF reforming toso great abuscn md dealing
equal and exact Justice to all men.
Pref tho S2gos Ag5'5Sns Ssra
sesq see in DO tho EEissssp Edssfss aSSsy Sasy Much
Of the crude products should bo
consumed at home, aud only the final products
hdns e9F o so0a @ b. mp iepRs n M1f d s ooS %p
the Wcst had to be shipped East to the con,
sumora, whoso products lad to bo transportcd'
bnok to tho food-producors, tho transportation-
limos would bo masters Of tho situation. II tho
West lad spent half as much money In eBtab-
lishing manufactures as has boen givon to rail-
roads. tho transportation problem would have
been solved. because their products would be
consumed at homo.
Mr.. Stephenson, Of 1ndiane, did not think tho
report even suggested romody:,
Mr. Stevens, OF Minnesota, said the committee
1al recommended water communication to COM
poto with railways. Flo believed canal COM
panies would bo undor tho sano influence aud
bo managed in the Bamo way as railroads.
Mr*nilliken, Of Ohio, believed there was total
Misrepresentation as to tho product Of cattle,
swine, sheop, wheat, corns and buckwhoat,, or to
combine thom in tho production Of provisions
and broadstuns. He adduced statistics to prove
that tho increase Of population far exceeded the
increaao In provisions and breadHtu1s. 1l1i-
nois, for instance, inroased hor pro-
duc'ion of provisions "a Per-. Per cent and Ind
cont con from issS to 1s7o Sh1o IL tho sana
period hcr population Increased 48 POI, cent.
Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Missouri, and Illinois
produced In 1850 sos, 100000 bushels Of corn,
country, while in 1870 they produced only 49,
100000 bushels. In 1860 thoy produced 8,000,-
600 cattle and swine, and only t. Cgo o00 IN 1s7o.
o IT, qnea ne ssSi sna hd sheon in 1850 $685. @ sst
SIo SIo p produoea dnu % oooooS bushels Of
breadstlfrA; 1860, i,oO6, ,ooo,o 900; in 1870,
CO., an 1eroaze OF ely 5sSH
population Of tho country Increased % per
cont; from 1860 to 1870, So per cont: It would
be seen, therefore, that tho production OF pro-
visions and broa<lstutfs did not keep Paco with
Of persons in tho United States, over 10 years Of
age, engaged In occupations was 2,505, ,923. OF
these, 6,022, ,471 wero engaged i'll agriculture,
1884, 793 in professional pursuits, md 2,707,4 AL
in manufacturog,, mechanics and mining From
this tho political power Of tho farmers was ap-
parent. Indiana Ind 605, ,00U head OF stock more
than Pennsylvania, mud 10000 900 moro bushels
Of grain, yet tho estimated value Of tho Same
only 1922, ,o14, ,302 III Indiana. At tho Pennsyl.
vania values, tho products of Indiana would
be- worth over 820o,0oo, 900. Why this differ
ence We're these, products Of Indiana "a,
croased ss60,oooU6o in value. Tho yaiuo
OF tho products Of Illinois, il all shipped to New
York; would bo increased ovor 300 QUO 600: He
| gavo these figures to show tho tribute paid by
the products Of tho country for transportation.
| ia
| tho drawbacks under which agriculture suffered,
! it did not keep pace with tho population Of tho
country. Secondly, that 1t was abandoned for
other pursuitH anu third, that though there Was
the products Of tho land paid tho producer loss,
because thoprofits wero consumed by tho carriers.
| 11r. Harris, OF Ohio, believed diversity Of in
dustry in tho West would do away with much
! transportation.
hIr. Martin, Of Indiana. did not believe in CIV
| ing any moro public lands to now routes. Tho
| Committee scemed to indorao tho grant of lands
to tho Pacific Railroads, and to encourage other
| III tho report, that the Government should man.
| ago and regulate railroads.
Mr. Duke, Of Virginia, did not bolioye what
MI; Quincy aed as to the eheapnSMSa M with whch ,cl
competing wator-oommunication. They should
open canal around Niagara, and tho Georgia
go,ltioinan from Ohio (h1illiken), for Boyen
Western Etatos produced 178, ,ooo, ,06b of bughela
moro than thoy could consume. Tho East
wanted TINT corn, and tho rcasons they could
not get it was that the railroads had not tho Gu
| pacity to carry it. Tho present systen
Of taxation was oppressive on tho farm
ers OF tho West. Tho single State Of
Illinois, though not nearly aa wealthy, paid one,
| tllird more taxes than tho ontiro Now England
| States. The agricultural Btatoa nooded q moro
just system Of taxation, and cheaper transporta-
tion. They would get the latter By, establishing
diate completion Of tho Virginia Canal,,
i Mr. Dalton, OF Illinois, thought tho fault lay
| in tho judiciary OF tho country which con-
sIstontly hold that railroad ohartera were
contracts which tho peoplo had no
right to nbrogate, and til ut tho Leg
islaturos had no right to negotiate