davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Counterfeit Currency.

An old Washington engraver told a
correspondent the following story: 81
am one of the Oldest engravers in this
country. There is an investigation one
day to be made into the currency of the
country, which will startle you, and your
newspapers, and all their readers. There
is a $40 bill. Take it-look at it! Do
you see anything notable about t?" I
looked the bill all over, and then the
man all over, and saw nothing to excite
remark in either. "There is nothing
particular about that bill" he said, eek
cept that it is a counterfeit. There are
eighteen distinct counterfeits on the $40
bill, and, as an engraver, [ know that
they represent eighteen different coun-
terfeiting gangs. [ got this bill from a
street-car conductor in New York. I
got into his car, and, as he came along,
[ said my friend, I am sorry to ask you
for so much change, but really, I have
nothing less than 800 co. said he,
I'll oblige you, and, in a smiling way,
he gave me this bill and quantity of
fifty-cent fractional currency. Iput the
whole away in my pocket, and, being
an engraver, [ got to looking at the
number 81 on the lantern window of the
car. Thought to myself, That's re-
markedly handsome 7 for a common
painter to make You know that an
engraver notices such things. Well,
that evening [ went into my hotel, and
going up to the man who sells cigars
there, and is known to everybody in New
York, rendered him one of the fifty
cent papers. Old Jimmy looked at it
and said to me, Il am sorry, Mr.. Robin
son, but that stamp is counterfeit. It's
very well-executed one, but 1 have
nothing better to do in my leisure time
than to look over such things At this
Jimmy handed me the stamp, and I
looked at it, and then at the others, and,
sure enough, they were all counterfeit.
quietly stepped out side the Astor
House and looked for No. 81 among the
cars. I found that the conductors ran
eight hours off and on, and that my man
would not come on till next morning.
There found, at the appointed time,
my conductor, and stepped up to him
and said in low tone, Young man,
you changed bill for me yesterday,
and gave me quantity of counterfeit
money. Now I want you to take it back
without any noise He affected to grow
indignant, but I said, 'Stopl stop! Dc
you see that policeman? If you dou't
return me, in good money, the amount
which you changed for me, [ will have
you under arrest in two minutesP Well
it was interesting to see the promptnes'
with which that shower of the queer
gave me all of my money, and forgot t.
ask for his own"
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
The Formation Of Eggs.

viii now state, says Prof. Agassiz,
as far as it is known, what an egg is,
and how il is formed. As the egg grows
steadily until it has completed its trans
formation, it is difficult to give a de-
scription of it which will answer for all
these stages, since at every successive
stage, while growing, the egg differs
from what it was before and from what
it is to be. All eggs, however, arise in
what are called ovaries. These are
clusters of cells, forming punches of
a somewhat glandular character in APP
pearance. Between these cells the eggs
are formed and in such way as at first
to be hardly distinguished from the
cells themselves. The same is true of
sperm cells, which arise in organs of
the same character as the ovary, and
are formed in manner perfectly SINH
lar to that of the formation of the egg.
So we have these two spheres of growth
which characterize sex in the animal
kingdom, arising in conditions so very
similar that the essence of the two is
hardly to be determined by observation.
1t is only by the process of growth, by
the influences produced by the one
upon the other, and by the consequences
of these influences, that we recognize
the essential difference which distin-
cuisines them.
In order fully to appreciate what eggs
are, we must remember-what has been
known for about half century only
that all organized bodies are composed
of little bags which are called cells, and
which are formed and multiplied in va
rious ways. Most of these cells are so
small that they can only be perceived
by the aid of high magnifying powers.
There are, it is true, few cell struc-
lures large enough to be seen with the
naked eye, as for instance the cells of
common elder pith, or the coarse cells
of the orange. It is one of the great
problems of modern research to ascer-
tain how these cells are formed and
what is their mode of reproduction.
For it does not seem that cells are form
ed in the same way under all circum-
stances. Some naturalists assume that
in the animal substance secreted by a
living body, such as milk which is Sc
GREETED by the mammary glands or SINH
lar substances secreted by other organs,
certain particles become centers of &C.
ton, around which other particles
crowd ; and when little connection OF
this kind, microscopically small, has
been formed, an envelope arises around
it, and we have the utricle or cell
Others believe that minute, impercepti
BILE particles of animal substance swell
and enlarge, and become hollow, so thai
little bag is formed, a cell envelope il
short, which fills as it enlarges into {
fluid substance.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Credits and Business.

1t is an undoubted fact that credits
are now more extended than they were
at the close of the war. The mercantile
classes are more deeply in debt than at
any former period of the history of our
country. Competition, or the obliga-
ton to sell, is the principal inducing
cause toward credits, especially long
ones. During seasons of financial
stringency, the disposition to give
credits for any considerable length of
time is supplautedby desire torealize,
and reduction of the money values of
goods takes place. At average condi-
tions of the market, however, those ar
ticles most subject to fuctuation and
risk are those for which credit is short
est. The Globe tells about credits in
Boston: Cotton is mostly sold for cash
at ten days wool, for cash, in thirty
days; dry goods (domestics) run from
thirty to sixty days; general trade, thir-
ty days to four or even six months.
The rule in the tea trade is three per
cent. off for cash in ten days, or four
months net coffee, sixty days sugars,
thirty days net; spices, six months,
discount for cash tobacco, cash in ten
days. The hide, skin, and leathermar-
kets show great variations. Coal cash
in ten days. Freights are always cash,
or sixty-day bill.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
The Indians.

1t is curious, says an exchange, to
note that, at the very hour when the ex-
termination of the Modocs is proposed,
Brigham Young is making his home
among the Apaches, the bravest, blood
lest, and most treacherous of the war
riors of Arizona. He has no fear for
his scalp. In the twenty-six years the
Mormons have lived in Utah, they have
had no trouble with the Indians. We
may deride Mormon civilization, but
their treatment of the red men was hui
name and enlightened. 1t may not be
amiss to pluck leaf from their man
agement for our own guidance in border
troubles. Other societies claim that
they cannot live in peace with the In
dams. The Mormons have shown that
they know how to do it,
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Fighting the MOdOcs.
Result of Two Days Fighting.

A report from the lava beds gives the
details of two days fighting by the
United States troops against the Modoc
Indians. From the report we CLEAN the
following:
While marching along the lake shore,
just at the head of Long Cave, about
mile and half from Jacks camp, the
troops encountered the first opposition
struggling shots were fired from the
bluff at long range. The men were de-
ployed in open skirmish order and adj
vanced slowly under such cover as the
rocks afforded.
Our right opened a gorgein the bluff,
from the right bank of which came
struggling shots, while few fell around
us from the left bank. Our skirmishers
crept up, supported by the reserves,
until we arrived at a short range, when
a severe volley was fired from the bluff,
there evidently being twenty-five or
thirty Indians posted there. The fire
was heavy.
After standing about fifteen minutes
the order to charge was given, and the
men sprang forward amid most deafen-
ing yells from the Modocs. Such was
the rapidity of the onslaught and so I'M
expected that the troops were on them
before they knew it, and in few min
utes we were masters of the situation
and our brave boys were behind the
rocks resting at their leisure.
General Gillem had sent an order to
Colonel Mason to stir the Indians up on
his side, and he let into them with a
vengeance, distracting their attention
and materially assisting our troops. The
charge was a gallant one and four of
the troops were wounded, none being
killed. At this time n few Coehorn
mortars were brought to the front and
they opened fire in the Indian strong
holds, and the troops rested for the
night.
At7o'clock the next morning, word was
was brougot from Col. Mason's command
that some of the Indians had passed out
on his left and were then on his flank
and rear. How many escaped it was
not known.
About twelve o'clock Colonies Greene
and Mason's commands effected a juno
ture, which entirely cut off the Modocs
from the water. After this movement
was effected occasional firing was heard
at different parts of the line. 1t was
decided not to push the troops on the
Indian stronghold, as we might lose
many men without killing an Indian
whereas if we could keep them from the
water they would have to leave theil
position. We could not find them in {
stronger one. Our losses in the two
days fight have been five killed and tel
wounded. The only officer yet wound
ed is Lieutenant Egan, flesh wound il
the left leg, and he is doing well. The
junction has been formed between
Greene's right and Mason's left. Five
Indians are reported killed. Of thes'
we have some scalps. None of ou
killed or wounded have yet fallen int
the hands of the Indians. 1t is eviden
if our men can hold their position OF
the lake shore the Modocs will have tt
surrender. There is at present heav,
fire of musketry near the lake shore
and the Indians are evidently fghtin,
for the water. Every one who has seel
.. our troops in action spoke of them il
the highest terms.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Satanta and Big Tree.

Satanic, the chief Of four or five Indi-
an tribes, and Big Tree, a sort of lieu
tenant to him, have been confined in a
Texas penitentiary since November IL,
1871. The facts of their capture, their
trial, sentence to be hanged, and the
action of Governor Davis in committing
their sentences to life in this prison, our
readers are doubtless fully conversant
with already. Governor Davis treated
these noted chiefs as any other class of
criminals, and chose to give them a
lease of life. Satanic came back to
the prison, says a correspondent, feel
ing very confident that the "Great
Father" at Washington would use his
ant pardoned. He was so certain of it
that he fixed the "moon" at which he
and Big Tree would rejoin their people,
and his "moon" is now waning, though
the President has requested his pardon
and that of his sullen brother, Big Tree.
Since coming to the prison these
chiefs have shown nothing in demeanor
or speech which could be accepted as
remorse, penitence OF shame, their only
thought being an escape from this
bondage.
Satanic is about fifty years Of age, of
light copper color, and quite cheerful
when compared with his second, Big
Tree, who is younger and possesses a
sullen disposition. Big Tree talks but
little. and when he does the burden of
his speech is his freedom and his inten-
tions when free. The people of Texas
are not in the best of humor at the idea
Of giving up these chiefs, and insist
that the Governor and Legislature shall
decline to do it.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Inhuman Treatment.

A case of revolving cruelty to child
has just been made public in Clarke
county, Ia. Daniel Sans, q United
Brethren preacher living near Smyrna,
is the fend, and little girl named
Oglesby the victim. At the preliminary
trial witnesses testified to numerous
beatings and knocks-down ; to the child
being put out of doors in the coolest
weather kept out until its feet were
frozen, and thatthe fend held the child's
bare arms to the fire until they were
burned to blister, and that his last act
of cruelty was to knock it down, and,
while it was in an insensible state, he
took heated poker and scared the flesh
on its legs and body. When the child
WINGED under the hot iron, he remarked
to Mrs. Radcliffe, the woman who filed
the information against him, "Oh she
amt dead yet" At the close of the ex-
animation the Justice held him for trial.
Sans not being able to give bonds, the
Justice allowed him to go at large on his
promise to appear for trial. Sans i'm
mediately left the country, and parties
at Smyrna are preparing to prosecute
the Justice of the Peace for neglect of
duty The child's mental faculties have
been ruined by it's barbarous treatment,
and it has been semitic sister in Wayne
County.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
The GallOws.
Execution of Henry FraIich at Syracuse,
New York.

Execution of Henry FraIich at Syracuse,
New York.
Henry Fralich was hanged in the pen
itentiary at Syracuse, New York, for
the murder of Peter Schaffer. Eight
minutes and a half afterwards he was
pronounced dead, and twenty-one min
utes afterwards the body was lowered
and was subsequently given into the
possession of the friends of the de-
ceased. Fralich marched firmly to the
gallows, where he made a speech de-
nouncing the Judge and Dissatisfaction
ney in bitter language. He closed his
remarks by saying: "In the name of
God Almighty, I am ready; let me 60"
The murder of Peter Schaffer by Fra
Itch took place at Syracuse on the 31st
of August last. He was tried, found
guilty and sentenced to be hanged on
March 2Sth. Governor Dix, on the 28th
of March, after every preparation had
been made for the execution that day,
sent dispatch to Sheriff Evans from
Albany respiting the prisoner for one
month, and at the expiration of thai
time the execution took place. u
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Slaughter bY Rail.
The Terrible Accident ON the shore Line
Railroad.

~---~N
The Wholesale slaughter at Rich
mond switch brought sudden bereave-
ment into scores of families and adds
another to the sad memories which will
rise unbidden in the mind of the travel
er as he seats himself in a railway car.
Fourteen miles east of StoningtOn, on
the route TO Providence, the Shore Line
Railroad crosses Pawcatuck river, the
boundary between Connecticut and
Rhode Island. The bridge was short
one without draw 1t must also have
been without a Waterman.
At eleven o'clock the previous night
train crossed it coming west. After
this time milldam on the stream above
the crossing was swept away by the UNI
usual torrent of the spring freshet. The
rush of water escaping from the pond
undermined the railway bridge and car
ried it away, leaving yawning chasm,
soon to be the common grave of an I'M
counted multitude. At half-past two
in the morning the steamboat train left
Stonington, taking the passengers from
New York by the evening steamer.
One hundred and enpersons con-
pANtACl Nl1ClDoC1NNb boblO III bh4O hAtbAll
rushing towards disaster, death and
manning at the speed of thirty-fve miles
an hour. Twenty minutes brought them
to a halt-many of them to the end of
life's journey. Without word or sign
Of warning the engine, under full pres
sure of steam, and with the momentum
of the train sweight, jumped clear across
the stream, wrecking itself on the east
ern bank, while the cars crashed the
one into and upon the other, and at
once took fire.
Only the smoking car escaped, re-
naming ON the western bank. In the
mass of wreck men were drowned
crushed and burned. Mangled and
hardly recognizable as human beings,
the bodies of the dead were recovered.
The injured were forty in number
Only the addition of freezing to the
deadly horrors is lacking to complete
the parallel with the CHASTITY scene Of
two years ago at New Hamburg. Ii
the twinklingo of an eye death closed the
account of these men, till then full o
life, courage and hopeful anticipation
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

AFFECTING RHYMES. -The obituarian
who writes sweet poetry for the Phila-
delphia Ledger, had rough time in
making a rhyme for the too prevalent
disease of the season, but finally pro-
duced the following:
Our little Sallie did to heaven go,
Baby life 80 sweet is;
She was afflicted with the cerebro-
Spinal meningitis.
Ills hard to lose our little Sallie so,
But the reflection sweet is,
That she has gone where there's no cerebro-
Spinal meningitis.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Lace Girls of Nottingham.

Every lace machine employing two
men requires twenty to thirty women
to wind the silk or cotton first, and to
dress, finish, clip, and scallop, and card
or fold, and pack up the goods at last.
The above is moderate estimate of the
proportion of girls over sixteen years
old required. Pattern girls" who
make up pattern books, and post up and
prepare, ticket and number, little pack
cts of patterns to go abroad, and who,
therefore, must have some education,
or at least write fairly, get about G1
week. From three or four to thirty or
forty of these smart girls are employed
in each warehouse. They must be
dressed well, and sometimes rather
smartly, because they are constantly in
and out of the sale-rooms, and seen by
the buyers. "Jenniers," who wind the
lace on the cards, get about G1 week,
and fnishers generally 12s. to G1 IS.
These are warehouse hands" and they
consider themselves superior to fac
tory hands," though they do not, I
should think, get on an average higher
wages, if so much, for clever frame
clipper or winder in factory can earn
from 18S. to 25s. week. Dressing"
is dirty work, done in intensely hot
rooms, in enormously large buildings,
but the girls wages are very high. The
immense demand for female labor the
town, of course, cannot supply. The
work is SO lucrative, and SO light and
agreeable, especially the warehouse
work, that young girls are attracted
from all the towns and villages round,
and even from considerable distance.
These girls live, remote from their
friends, in lodgings. Sometimes sever
al join and rent house, and live to-
gether.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
Western Cattle Trade.

There has been not little dulness
and depression in the Western cattle
market, and even more anxiety as to
what the near future would bring forth.
The Eastern markets have been over
stocked, causing a decline in prices
of &c. q &c. In the fear that o still
further break would result from the
liberal shipments which have been
steadily made, dealers have been par
ticularly cautious and captious, and
drovers have had to take what was Of
fered them, and be thankful that it was
no less. From Sc upwards only was
realized on herds that had been held
for nearly 81, and sometimes the dealer
gave less than the drover had paid in
the first instance. Some fears are en-
tertained that this dulness will last all
through the season, especially as some
5000 head of still-fed cattle will be
thrown on the market within the next
month. On the other hand the great
Texas drive for 1873 promises to be
somewhat below the average both in
the number and condition of it's CATTLE
The opening of lake navigation, with
the corresponding decrease in freight
rates, will further advantage the West
ern dealers, so that o recovery from the
present depression may soon be expect
ed. At the same time it is not likely
that prices will advance so as to materi-
ally affect the consumer in the East.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

COAST OF Nova SCOTIA. The coast of
Nova Scotia has long been known as q
dangerous one in rough weather, and
some notable wrecks have occurred in
past years On the morning of Novem-
Der 16, 1897, the French frigate La
Tribune went down, with 300 persons
on board. The British gun-boat Drake
was wrecked there june 20, 1922, and
sixty persons drowned and July 10,
1843, the British troop-ship Albert went
ashore, though most on board were
saved. The last great wreck on the
Nova Scotia coast before that of the
atlantic was the United States mail
steamship hungarian, February 20,
1860, when all ON board, numbering 205
persons, were lost.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

A Maine paper tells this: Fred. Town
send, of East Wilton, lad of eight,
rushed into a swift stream five feet deep
to rescue his sister four years old.
Clinging to the ice and holding his sis
ter above the water, he refused to be
helped out himself till his sister was
safe. Fred Butterfeld, lad of ten,
saved them both.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

THE GREAT PARISH MAssAoRE.-Re-
ports from Great Parish, Louisiana, say
that over one hundred of the blacks
were killed, and that many of them
were burned in the Court House. Sixty
four bodies were buried by the troops
near the Court House.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

Fifty-eight years ago the battle of
Waterloo was described in one-third of
column in the London Morning
Chronicle. Volumes could not convey
a more forcible illustration of the ex-
pansion of journalism than does that
single fact
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

CHAPPED HANDS, face, rough skin,
pimples, ring-worms, salt-rheum, and other
cutaneous affections cured, and the skin made
soft and smooth, by using the JUMPER TAR
SOAP, made by CAswELL, HAZARD & Co., New
York. Be certain to get the Juniper Tar Soap.
made by us, as there are many limitations made
with common tar which are worthless Conn.,
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03
AZURE FOR
CONTINUATION.

For the cure Of this distressing disease there has
been no medicine yet discovered that can show
more evidence of real merit than ALIENS LUNG
BALsAM. This unequaled expectorant tor curing
affections of the throat lungs, and all diseases of
the pulmonary organs is introduced to the suffer
ing public after its merits for the of such dis
eases have been fully tested by the medical faculty
The Balsam is consequently, recommended by ply
sicians who have become acquainted with its great
success.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

Texas wheat fields, it is said, one
hundred miles north of the Gulf, yield
thirty bushels to the acre, each bushel
weighing several pounds more than the
standard.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

A Maryland colored couple, recently
married in Cumberland, went on bri-
dial trip that they might be in the fash
ion, she going to Piedmont to visit her
mother and he going into the country
to see his brother.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

Decidedly the best remedy that has
ever been discovered for rheumatism. swoolen
or stiff joints, flesh wounds, spraius, bruises,
cuts, and burns, is JohnSon's Anodyne Lini-
n'ent. We use it, and always recommend it to
our friends Com.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

Faces INSTANT RELIEF. Warranted
to relieve all Rheumatic Affections, Sprains.
Neuralgia, etc. The best, the surest, and the
quickest remedy for all Bowel Complaints. Re-
lief Guaranteed OF the money refunded-C Com.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

TESTED BY TIME.-For Throat Dis
eases, Colds, and Coughs, " Bro,on's Bronchial
Troches," have proven their efficacy by test
of many years. Com
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1873-05-03

We should not hesitate to recon-
mend to any friends of ours, Parsons P,TgatiUe
Pills; they are scientifically prepared, and are
adapted to all the purposes of good purgatiye
medicine Com