Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1873-10-23
Ancient Tennessee.

we have the following descriptio
D of Tennessee. We are indebte
} to the kindness of friend fo
} these interesting extracts:
Tennessee formerly was tn
western part of North CaroIina
, and was ceded by that State t
the United States in 1889. ]
was admitted into the Union IA
one of the STATES in 1896.
! &" Situation and Erte1at.-Ten
} nessee lies between 80 and So
30l north latitude, and between
60 30/ and l50 30/ west longitude
400 miles long, and l0l broad
containing 81 loco square miles.
3" Boundaries 1t is bounded
north by Kentucky and Virginia
east by North Carolina; south b,
Georgia and the Mississippi terri
tory; west by Mississippi, which
separates it from Louisiana.
!" Divisions and Population -
Tennessee is divided into five dis
tricts. Washington, Hamilton, Me
70, Robertson, and Winchester
and 3S counties.
"In 1900 Tennessee had los,
| 602 inhabitants, OF whom IL, ,5S4
were slaves; in 1910, 26l, ,727, OF
which 44,535 were slaves. The
inhabitants chiefly emigrated from
Pennsylvania. and that part OF
Virginia that lies west of the Blue
Ridge. The ancestors OF these
people were generally Of the
Scotch nation; some of whom en-
| igrated first to Ireland, and from
thence to America. A few Ger.
mans and English are intermixed.
"RiUerS The principal rivers
are the Mississippi, Tennessee,
Cumberland, Holston and ClinGh.
The tract called the Broken
Ground, sends Immediately into
the Mississippi, the Wolf, Hatchee,
Forked Deer, Obrian and ReelfoOt,
which are from 80 to so yards
wide at their mouths. There are
several smaller ones, and iunu-
merable creeks, some of which are
navigabIe. There is hardly a spot
in this country, which is more
than 20 miles from some naviga-
bic stream.
Mountains The chief noun,
tains are Stone, Y-llow. Iron.
Bald, and Unaka, ad djolning to one
another. from the eastern bOunda-
nv of the State, and separate it
from North Carolina; their direc
ton is nearly from northeast to
southwest. The other mountains
are Clinch and Cumberland. 1t
would require voluma to des-
cribe the mountains of this State,
above halt of which Is covered
with those that are uninhabitable.
Some of these mountains, particu
larly the Cumberland or Great
Laurel Ridge, are the most stu
pendous piles in the United States.
" Soil and Productions, The
soil is luxuriant, and will afford
every production, the growth OF
any of the United States. The
usual crop of cotton is 500 pounds
to the acre, and Of corn from 90 to
so, and sometimes 100 bushels.
It is asserted, however, that the
lands on the small rivers that
empty into the Mississippi have a
decided preference to those on
Cumberland river, tor the produc'
ton of cotton, rice, and indigo.
Of trees the general growth is
poplar. hickory, black and white
walnut. all kinds of oaks, buckeye,
sycamore, black and honey
locust, ash, hornbeam, elm, null
berry, cherry, dogwood, sassairas,
cucumber tree, and the sn-
gar tree. The low lands produce
canes, some of which are upwards
of twenty feet high, and so thick
as to prevent any other plant
from growing.
"0f herbs, roots, aud shrubs,
there are Virginia and Seneca
snakeroot, ginseng, angelica, spice
wood, wild plum, crab apple,
sweet annise, red bud, ginger,
spikenard. wild hop and grape
vines. The glades are covered
with wild rye, wild oats, clover
buffalo grass, strawberries and pea
vines.
Mines and Minerals Iron !
ore is abundant in the districts off
Washington and Hamilton. Gold
and silver mines are said to be
known to the Indians, but none
have been discovered by the white
people. Ores and springs strong
iv ;mnreonated with sulphur are