, 1873-09-04

almost afrRiu that tno bthto haH loSt tho cOntso!
OF tho rallronds in Massachusetts. It ought
NOT to }avc lost 1t, because thoy aro worry I'm.
pUrtatle.
To n,sin, 1t Is emincntly \ farmors question.
But Hly1 Decausc l'is prodltcts must 10 trans.
porte3a great t1istanco, md thoy aro heavy pro-
ductH 80 that freight muHt naturally bo hfgh. It
takos largo part of wllat ho Gnu ralso to ray ta
freight Aud get his goods to market. You havo
porhnpa'heard Of tho matl who wont out TO Iowa
and M y bought lot Of corn for 1s ess s and aol
{uHt c5nt bnsllo. Now tint is worry atart4
ling illustration, but no moro atartllng tlan true
Of tho manner In which the whole thing ap-
tic ilrat to move beca,1so they are mado 40 muoh
moro interested than others by ita taking 30
much larger a portion OF what thoy can raiae
For Instance, manufacturer, will sond on lila
fwontioth or thlrtioth part Of wInt tic farmor
pays On his products. The difference ia q very
wido one.
Dnt II ia not only tho farmora' question. It
IN tho manufacturers question:. Now, why 2 Do-
tho cost Of auatonanco to great oxtont Wagea
must ,.be paid sufficient to. sup.
port tho laboror, and ,aB no inoreaaa
the wagca we raiaa tho price Of our pro-
Of competition with foreigners. With That Wow
OF the subject, yon eau Beo TINT our 1nanutao-
t'1rors aro interestod to worry enormous e1tont
IN this aaos,tion e hsh fstea Of freht aud
you will SEQ from tho fact that they hare to pay
all thia increased cost for everything that iH
brought over the roads, and that 10 q very great
lave b to pay tho cost Of ills transportation, but
profit upon It, because tho profit is paid upon
the cost Of transportation a. much as upon tho
original cost of tho article. Thus they are in.
transportation; and then It is a national quea,
tton In this point Of view. Suppose, for exam.
plo, that it cost IL per, cont poi. huahol
moro to rot corn from tho Wost to Dos.
ton or New York than 1T ought, 1t is Ii per cont
protection to Tho whcat-growera in the othcx
countries 1t encourages thorn to increase thcis
production By giving tho hopo OF IN inereaaod
poes bdasu o T saos The y0y
tho reform, 1t is for their interest that thia
thing should be made right, because tho little
extra incroaBo which they got In tho diyidonla
II ali this II so. the simple question ts, what aSo
you to do about it7 What plan do those gento-
mon who arc leading in this thing represent 2
What iB thoir platform? They must have ono;
object stated and kept in viow. Thoro must bo
q well~deaned courae Of action. 10 whom do
you look for rodross? To State LegiBla-
tures7 Their power Ia limited, mud no two
VOL, then, There is something to bo dono. You
must elect men to congroso whom you can trust.
lCros Of Hear, hcar.9l That is tho first thing
to DO done;, md whom thoy got tloro you nusi
/
measures that they are to attend to-. You must
have Wol1.dcnnod policy, and thie Ia india.
penBble.
Now, suppose there are thrce ways in which
tho great objocts may. be secured in tho tirAi
place. by gonoral laws fixing tho rntes Of freight
and passenger fare on oil tho roads in tho coun-
try. But thero is an objection to this. In tho
difficulty Of fixing upon ratos just for all. Tho
long roads; the short roads, cheap roads, coatly
y settled country,-.lt seoms to mo almost im-
possible to mcet these widely differing cases
by general law. Secondly, by orenting
new ne 81, and esomreting lines, 1t tho expsn's.
marts; as hatwoon Chicago, Now York, Boston,
ETC. This s q feasible plan as far aa it goes, but,
unleHs extending very far and to all the princi-
pal lines Of freight and travel, would only par-
tom: The third p!an is by purchasing oil tho
roads by tho General Government and leasing
them out to parties under auch restrictions as
manner tho rate oi faro may be put SO low %
merely to yiold tho interest upon tho National
bopaa. admit that this plan would bo attonl-
ed with difficulty, but 1t is feasible. There ia
5eot, and it can DO attained. There is no noed
Of leasing the whole eyBtem at ouca. beginning
with one or two roads at first you may oxpori-
mont, and In tliat way I Zoe no difficulty at
all. After the Government gets possession
Of theso roads, ono by, one, thoy could be
leased. That there would bs competitors for
this lease there IL no doubt. Now, ii this III to
be done by Congress-. it makes the question OF
deplorahle, but it caunot DO helped. II wo werc,
as thoy arc in some parts OF tho world, takon
care OF by our rn!ors, We might not need to act i;
but We arc not. We must take care Of ourRolvos !;
therefore everything We want wa must take into
, politics. But come to say, gantlomen, that re
; must not conceal from ourselves the fact that
this question Of transportation or international
commerce, as we ought to call it, la greatly COM
7,1fn ka,3 14rt+ 1o%o IT,
have falhe standard OF value, and i'll this casa
it is particularly bad, because, it you 20 to tho
. men who control these ronds and Say anything
ahput u reducing as farss 81; thoy will i ans answer
enormous price for material mud labor compared
with what We did ton or twelve years ago2 Arc
, you aware that wo pay a55, 20, and 75
sao os %e did Sss fhas E IS o1g ssssssi1 az sss1
/ venture to say, to our currency. Perhaps !
should apologize for introducing this question.
, | Some may my, "Amasa always talks about tho
ths sf tho e1estes
from which this country suffers, then at least he
.. should alludo to it if ho uses moderation. But
thore is tho question OF tar1, to which the West
is opposed. Thoy arc in favor Of free trade. and
at tho same ti1no in favor Of expansion Of tho
currency. THUS tho three grclt questions ara
! currency. transportation, and tradc They arc all
together, You caunot separate thom If you would.
, Now how can you disposo Of thom You hare got
to reconcile those with each other, because, aa
: layo said, you hayo got to have a PLATFORM "a
| policy, We'll now, whit is The work to 10 por-
! formed? I anBwer, You must circulate knowl-
) edge Of the faots in the caao; What yon Iropoaa
and how you propose to 10 it; secondly, for this
o purpose yon must have meetings md public adj
! dresHos; thirdly, you must support those nowa'
! papora which favor your cause, and tho preaa ia
worry ready to liston to such propositions. 1t i'd
n always loyal to it's interestB, and you must mako
: it understand what its ntorosts arc. [Applanso.
= You cannot trust tho present political partjoa
t with tho solution Of tha question. so1no Of sou
: will try hard hayo no Doubt but It is not eafo
/ soyor your old political atiliations7 II
:, you arc not, you are Of no uao here OF
4 all because without this decided move.
: mont you will accomplish nothing There ie
: great encouragement to 90 Oh in this work. It is
I good work, 1t Ia tho cause Of tho pooplo. It IL
d the Cause Of humanity. Il begins outyi1e tha