, 1873-04-18
OUR INDIANS,
Tribes Within the Department
Of the Platte,
The Peaoeablo Misunderstanding They
Are, and Where They Are.
Pawnees, 0mahas, 'ginnebagoes, Saes, Fozes,
lowas, Santees, 0toes, Utes,
Snakes, and Dannocks.
Progress Of Indian Civilizations,

Progress of Indian Civilizations,
Special Correspondents qf tho Chicago Tribune.
OMAHA, April II, 1879.
Having, in my last lottcr, glvon you IN account
Of tho location md ptrongth Of poHts ii tho
! Military Department Of tho plalte, 1t will DO
proper, In this communication, to give you some
account Of tho whereabouts and strength Of the
Indians these posts guard. It will be ro1non-
borod that tho Department Of tho rlatte is tho
largest md most important III the United statos,
| atrotchng Us 1t does, from Iowa to Noyhdn,-a
distance Of over 1000 milon.
| TIE rAwNEEs.
Tho pawneo IndianH have thoir reservation
noar Columbus, Mob, Which is on tho limo Of the
Union pac1o 1.ailroal, % milos wcBt OF Oma.la.
Thoso Indiana aro thorough peucenblo, ind pnr-
TALLY civilized. Tho Government has sot aside
for thoir uao 2S8,000 ncroa Of land, OF which
| amount tlloy cultivate 1.250 noroB. Inst yoAr
| thoy raisod aome 4, 600 buBho1s OF corn and 100
| bushels Of potatoes. Thoso Indians number
1923 malos md 1910 females. They lavo two
schools. There ia ono lnbor school, in which
n1isses sallIo Lloyd, Elm Walton, Geraldine
| Dickson, Mary L. Barnes, ANN Cover, Emma
Isodfcli, Nattio Wasllbur1,, aud 1fr. Tracy Mat
lock aro toaclors. Alr. Tracy has charge Of tho
larger boya. 1Iigs Platt ia tho principal of Tho
labor school, aud tho nboyc-nanod latloa nro
hor assistants. Tho Attendance Of scholars is
about eighty per tlny, and tho Children are Had
to learn rapidly. Tho girls especially aoon be-
camo Bkillful cookn, laandrossos, lousokocpors,
md aoan1ntrcRaos. The pawl,oes aro under
charge Of tho Friends, Mr.. Samuel Jannoy hong
the Superintendent, anh ). II, Troth tho Agent
Every year these Indians nro raido1 by thoir
nncent onomics, tho Northorn Sioux, and tho
Government has gonorally to ioop company OF
cavalry on their reservation to protect tlo,n.
Tho warlilo enterprises Of tile Sioux prevent the
pawnoos from spreading ont and farming; and,
with Wow to l,ottor protection, they have latc-
ly shrowlly oforcd to soil tho northern portion
OF their reservation to wllitcs who would como
In nntl sottlo betwcon then, enta tho Sioux. Since
tho pawnccs have gono 10 Turning, IT ID noa-
bio fact tint they aro increasing III population.
THE BANTEEs.
Tho Santcos liRyo their rsgeryatfon in No.
braskn. They number 087 6ouls, d2i Of whom
aro n1a1oe, md 5G3 femu!os. Their reserve con-
ssts Of 115.0}0 acroH, 200 only Of which are cul-
tivatcd by Indians, and 100 by tho Government.
There five franc llouEcu and 1e0 log houses
on tho land, in which Indians live. Lust year
1000 husho1s Of wheat wcro raiscd, valued ut
$4,000; G,000 busl1ols of corn, valued Il. 81, COO .
nnd 2,000 b,1ahels OF potatoos yaluod nt .GG0.
There ia ono school at tho mission, with lis
sclolars,-tho average attendance daily during
the winior boiug GO, aud IN summer 81. Thore aro
tlrco malo and ono female teaclsor Tho SAN
too Agency Is also undor Mr.. Samuel NJ, Jannoy,
md Joseph Webster ia tho Agent.
| TllE ostAHAa.
ThcBo Iudianp, from whom tho city takes its
| r11nn hcva ibnfr rcEcrrnIfnn M, Tim h1iurorti
about 100 miloa northwest Of Omaha. They
nunhor 994 snrls Of which number A79 aro
mnlcB md COS females. Their reservation con-
tans 200. 900 acreB Of land, GEO acrou being cul-
tivatod by Indians mud 81 ac1os by tho Govern
mont. Thcrc arc 81 frsino md 2i log houses on
tho lands Last yoar 1000 bushels Of wheat,
worth 81, ,050 rs, 900 buRhols Of corn, worth Sc,
Of potatocs, worth $3.50, woro raiaed Tho Olna-
has havo treo schools, with two male at,d ono TO-
malo tcachor. Tho whole number Of pupils on-
rolled was II, Of whom g. wore 1nalca and 23 f..
pupils. The elli}dron learn rapidly but Mr..
Joel Warner, tllo principal toachor, says that in
summer tho young redsLins are q good doal
fonder Of hunting tlau attending school,-so ho
has found 1t best to Giyo them q vacation from
July to Sept. oach year. Tho Omahaa nre III
the SUPPLEMENTARY Of Mr.. Janney, and Mr. Ed.
ward painter ia thair Agent.
THE WINSEBAGoEs
have thoir reservation on tho Missouri River,
With the Olnallaa. It containa $1,000 noreB, GOO
Of which are cultivated by Iudians and $50 by tue
Government. The Winnobaayoea number J. 400
,, They have throo schools with pix male teachers
About 250 scholars have boen in attendance
aud reading, writing, geography, and arithmetic
, | are taught. The children learn we'll, and thu
tribo is incroauing in numbers. There arc 81
franc anl log houses on the reservation. Tit
principal cropB grown are whoat, oats, corn, ant
potatoeu. Ii 1871, $500 bushels Of wheat wore
raised, on about 400 aoros, in very dry Boason
, Of oats, 500 bushels wero harvested, from 81
acres Of land; tic corn, on 600 acroa, yioldot
$4,000 bushels; and thoro were I, great many
email patches of potatoes raised by the Indians
The Government holds for thcae Indiana a8!i5,
e7G, 11G.99 bonds undor tho treaty Of Oct. 10
1876; and f170, ,098.G3 undor the Ect OF July, Is
| 1870. Tho annual interest OH theso bonds, dus
the Winnobagoos from tho Unitod statoH, il
. s57, 7,535.a3..
. ThoBo IndianR numher only $50 in tho wllola
tribe ind Of those $50 nro males nnd 220 fe
, | malos. They hayo thor rcHerye on tho southern
bordor Of Nebraska, about 100 miles dibtnnt from
Omaha. Tho roseryation contains 1G0, 900 acroH
There arc u franc houHes and l log house or
tho lands. Last yoar there was raiHod 2,00t
Dqsos Of corn woTt g 59o sn 600 bnsho
ono achoo with two teachers. The number o
; pupils ie %, Of whom 80 aro males aud 45 fe
, nlaloa. Until tho treasy Of March ~, 1864, th
!, for eleven years. Tho troaty expired in 1865
:. but, by ronowa1, tho Government ia to pay th
Otoos eleven mora inatallnontB Of 80, ooo encl,
! wealth Of t6cso Indians is said to be $40, 900
i They want to sell pnrt Of tlloir roAoryaon, ant
their Agent, hlr. Albert L. 0roen, strongly rec
:, ommends tito tlisposing Of 10000, acres. T1oa
i try md about ono-tl,irl OF thom have settled o.
O claims. Ohaira, tablos, bo!stoads, and mat
tros4os have nledo appearance ii tho lodges