, 1873-11-16
The Headquarters Of Tho Exchanges Of
the World.
The Ancient Corporation --. Its Lord
Mayor and Aldermen.
Tho metropolitan District-'-Its Boards Of
Public Works, Police, Firo,
Health, and Educa-
Lion.
Parliament tho Real Common Council Of
~: the Great City. -.:,

Fafulmcnt lilo Hea& G0mmou Councl1 OF
the Great City. -.,.,
.! r--... .. ..,~.
Special Correspondence ef 1ae Chicago Tribune.
LONDON, Oct. ~, 1879.
Americans aro charged with tendency to OK
sggeration Of expression in describing anything,
or In giving vent to their feelitgs aud opinions.
But there,is 1 d. il.
NO DANGER OF COMMITTING TuIB ERROR
In describing London. Ono mny uac tho strong
eat ad1eotiyoB and intenBest yerba with safety
and strictly within bounds Of naked truth. It is
aafo to affirm that 1t ia'the' largest city In the
world, or. for that matter, that ever was in tho
world. It confirms moro Inhabitants, and
moro houses, and moro miles Of street,
than any other city Of anoiont or mod
esn tirlos. And 1t ia far tho wcalthIcst
city TINT ever existed. London ia to the mud
ern Nhat no,no was to tho ancient world, In ro-
gpect to population aud wealth. But Rome, In
hor palmicst days; vsaa poor city In comparison
with London. Tho $500, 900 Of souls which COM
pose the population of London need never do
another days work for wages. They have cnpi-
tai enough invested in bonds and stocks, In do
mcstio aud foreign securities, and money at in
torcat, and inconao from real estate and railroad
oarninEs, and utAor SOURCES from which they de-
rive dividends,
COMFORTABLY 70 euDarsT TIE ENTIRE roruLA-
r1oN,
to purchase thom food, clothing, fuel, drinks,
furniture, Htorature, mako al repairs of thoir
habitatons, pay all their taxes and assessments,
and, in short, detray Nil their household OK
ponses and personal outlays, TO the aggregate
total of what they now expend in cost Of living.
ALI tho productive labor performed by the
people OF London :
ADDS ITSELF TO THEIR CAPITAL
zach year, because they do not consume tho
income of thor invested capital. Lon
don ia In the condition Of family whose income,
In the shape Of dividends on stocks and bonds
exceeds tho cost of their stylo Of living, and
who may, therefore, GO out Of businoaB and live
On that income without trenching on dollar Of
The capital Of the family. OF what other great
cty can this be said 2
But tho property OF London is not ownod and
held in common, OF in equal portions. One man
has hundred times more than be ueela, and D
hundred men have less than they need. Lon
don has some thousanda Of citizens worth tens
Of millions each, and also has 100 600 ciezonB In
tho poor.houBo. But the grons mass Of tho
people nre prosperous and
IN COMFORTABLE o1HcuMsTAToEs,- =
tens of thousands Of them worth tens OF
Thousands each.
Tho leisure o1ass--those living On fixed In
comes and regular dividends on Investments
are very numerous numbering tens Of
thousands. Their only business ls to anuae
themselves aud fight onnui. Their lives aro
continual picnic. Thoy arc habituos Of ths
clubs, patranizo the turf, koep faat horses, sup
port establishments, ramblo about the island,
II.
Mic and to tho Holy Land md th7 " fartl,or
nrtstocracy Of the Three Kingdoms, Who ara In
receipt Of renta aggrogating nearly
THOUSAND MILLIONS OF DoLLARa
per annum. Tho absentee Irish landlords may
here be found during tho "season," flourishing
like "groen bay trcos." Hero ia concentrated
tho banking wealth OF tho Empire. Hero
ia held tho bulk Of tho bonds representing the
National debt, and large part Of the National,
State, and Municipal debts Of the world, Hero
are owned majority Of tho railway stocks and
bonds Of Great britain and thoColonios, inciud-
ing .E1o0, 0,060, 900 invested In tho India railway
system, besides yast sums in railway stocks and
bonds Of othor countries,
ruR UNITED sTATEB INCLUDED.
Here Is the grand depot OF tho tea, cofoe, Bngar,
tpice, aud drug commerce Of Great Britain.
Here arc hold tho largest stocks Of WOODEN,
silk, leather, md oven cotton goods, In
tho Empire. Great aa is the shipping Of Liver
pool, It is not nearly equal to that OF London,
for here is tho focus Of tho shipping trade be-
tween Great Britain md tho East and West In
dies, China and Japan. the Mediterranean, and
most OF Africa. The greater part of tho wheat
exports Of California and Russia, mad tho beef, ,
wool, and gold Of Australia; come up the Thames
commerce carried on with Franco, Spain, italy,
Germany, Scandinavia, Russia, and, indeed, all
Europe, ls transacted IN London. It's tile
AEADQuAnrEas OF THE EXCHANGES OF THE
and Its quotations fix the valuo, In great nneaa-
ure, Of Ill tho raw and manufactured products
OF all nationb, and 60 far to determine tho cur
rent value OF the stocks and bonds, Of every
kind, Of othor lands. London Is tho worlds
clearinghouse, its largeat warehouse Its biggest
Looking ct London geographically, It Is dif1-
gult to convoy nu accurate conception Of tho
space It coyorH; indoco 1t Ia hard to describe in
sny respect, for II ia
THE ELEPHANT AMONG c1r1Es.
On the clearest day, from the highest point Of
observation, tho whole city cannot 10 seon,
but beyond tho range OF vision arc long atroets
andthousahda upon thot1sanda Of houses. Taking
Claring Gross ns contro, the suburbs cannot
be reaohod In any direction In loss than to
10 miles, and in Homo not in twice that dis
tanoo. the Thames runs 26 miles through tho
city. II London were put down in Cook Coun-
ty,' It would reach along the shore Of tho lake
from Evanston to tho Calumet. and spread far
out beyond the DeBplaines River. On this npaca
ts concentrated population equnling that OF
the .......-
BTArEs OF ILLINOIS AND w1aooNs1N,
or, according to tho conBuB of 1879, that OF tho
Cities Of New York, Brook]yn, lBoston, Phila.
1elphia, Baltimore, Cincinnati, ST. Lonia,, Now
Orleans, and Chlcago, all combined. But, i'm
lnenae is ta the population Of London, 1t Inns not
ceased to grow. On the contrary, 1t neyer aided
go many people to ita numbcrB as during tho
last daoadc. Tho Board Of Public Worka report
tllat la9 $40 buildings wore oreotod between 1851
paa 487l. The addition waa but little less than
the
WHOLE POPULATION OF NEW YORK.
Prodtgous ali III tho population Of London, 1t
!a not disproportiolato to tho baae Of
e .a happort p ln tho tirst place. It is one
Importance Bn1eE tho 1su.ngns, md wass fa1noa
for itB want eoninx Ct traders, ind ita abundant
commerce, eyou in tho tirat century ct tho Ohris-
slsn era. From tho 4son,ana Il reee!yed It's NIL
ple|pal institutions, which have eulural, in their