National Republican. (Washington City (D.C.)) 1872-1888, 1873-09-03

Notes on the Origin Of species-Rsview Of
the Development Theory.
Prof. Swallow delivered lecture recently,
in Portland nm Tho origin Of the specie.
-, ,.n,a, w. az. ~, toI,o,rino ~ ~
ron when we 'sso ',r ,o''"'"s' "' 'o-
ported IN tue Now ,tofk IWes
Prof. swsliow began with tile statement
that large number Of scientific men have
believed In the integrity Of species, that GER
tain organic beings are alike In their essen
hned beginning, produces lis own kind, and
that each series viii maintain It's identity In
dehnitely. Az the same time II Is freely adj
mitted that individuals may be somewhat
changed by various causes, such as climate
III Hat m,r i"s vs sasaEss may Be
produced; yet, when the causes producing
them cease to operate, the variations disap-
pear, and there follows relapse OF the orig
inal condition. At the beginning OF the
present century, Lamarck. st. Hilaire, ana
few other naturalists promulgated q theory
OF development, holding that inorganic mat
ter is developed ant into organisms OF the
lower forms, and these subsequently, and sue,
cessively Into higher and higher forms, until
man Is produced! Hence all species arc de-
veloped BY natural laws, without the inter.
Vention of maj causes, Cuver, linn9us and
others defended the iinmutaoiiity OF species
win distinguished ability ana success. some
years ago new interest was gwen 70 this
question oy tue pupiicatlon OF tue Nestges
ol ,reauon, IN wmcn tne tneory was pushed
Mr ueyonu tnc hinits hnuicateu oy Lamarck.
Next came ue modlneauon OF me theory
prcsenteu py Mr; Darwin and Mr. wallace,
VINO accounted ior tne origin o. species by
variations produced IN various ways, but
more bartlcnlarly by natural selection.
Mr. DaIwin mas Wisely limited the effects
oi natura selecuon. lie admits the creation
o. srI If,m9 ora being thus svolding very
a ,nn inc weakest ., points q Lamarek, and
tne author OF the 'Nestiges, W leaving tho
mnexplorcd region along the boundaries OF
.no organic ana the inorganic kingdoms
wnouy out Of t"c discussion. others ven
. . out mo ms region more oolaiy assert
,nc progucuon o. Organic bcinBs " naturM
laws; ". Dosuun, Dr. Cniid, rroi naeckei
ana ueroert spencer declare mat inc evi-
aence OF evolution covers the whole space
.,oni lnorgsnic matter up 70 man. hence
mc GU tooioRich maxim, VWhe otouDt ca
w, ueco,ncs untrue, anu NC aio nkey 70 pe
eonpcneu !" acecpt IN ns piuce ~ hu'u
U .N.'.". suu. ueso views are cor,ect we
ph,,os "voep' ~" . 'neosy y, .Vn,.s rSsiyo
unosopny. nc iunushcnhi NY VI me ue-
,nclopmseht oi .nc human . mhnu. Mr. Darwin
n,hseli mas wen eaiu Una, tnore Is scarcely
suoJect upon Wnicn ne renes 70 sustain MS
.neoIy, Wmen ooes not iurnish arguments
.or uo,n sues o. inc question. Inc innu-
neInoe ,aeT aaoucea ieaa 70 no aenn'.e con-
bilities' The changes Involved In the nro-
g.ess OF moIccule Toward manhood nave n9t
ueon caIc,uny anaiyheui a enunge WnIcn
s AL oe prouucen oy chin,B,nS unse,v sNe.y
unei , .Iom 'n"' "h'en ""u7 ne" oonc W
'"y snoe'on' A., ..,,,
uiycs no presumptiye evidence of mower 10
Create them. A. Inc animal il bigber Than
Inc miami. u,ants -must be trans,nnted into
animals Ant facts ~ wanting 10 provo the
change possibla. n wa are feIerred 10 Inc
lower ortirrs wbcrc thc di6ercnce bctveen
animals and plants Ia least. ain Inc sffirr,a.
tive IL left wItbout proof' Existiny nron-
critics NAV he altered. but wa cannot deyelop
new ones. How 10 give a plant a nervous
system does NOT appear. Could one animal
be changed into another, IL still would not
prove mai a miami eouid become nm animal.
The insuperablc barrier il The change Of
tho lower animals Into man IA 10 the
merely nhysical nature Il miyht he possibie.
but not nj ali prnbable, The facts alleged ~
prove tho chapge of one animal into another
do not prove me change Of n brute into man
POSSIBLE. Nv What poWes Of .be monkey will
give The moral powers Of MANI III tbis
theory il to apply TO tho human race, the
moral power must be added .omewbere' The
same reasoning applios to mans religions or
snp.rstitIons nat,,rc While Inc nassihJlitv
so far as rnlatrs 10 ,he phvslcai system, NAV
be admitted il nrababliliy ia denied upon
Llstoricai grounds.
We have n tnlcrah,e bistorv NJ man aimee
bis apnearsn,e In tha world and VIZ NAV
date bis introiuc,,on from near he beyipnin,,
oG Inn Drtfs ner,oJ-ps ,,eriod snfsf9 icnt faS1
anv nossibic acnartnrc from originsi tynes,
Tbe advocatcs ~ tho deyelonmsnt tbsory
themselves make the pcriod OF human exist