davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
Coal Beds.

1t is wrongly supposed by many people
that in the coal fields we have the remains
of ancient tUreStS-in other words, that
wherever there was Il forest in prlmeval
times. there now exists a coal field OF
greater or less extent. Although the coal
fields are undoubtedly due To the vegcta-
ton of former eraS. it j. far from being
the case that the priiueval forests became
converted in Il general way into coal.
Conditions of Il peculiar. and to some cX-
tent exceptional character. Were requisite
for the formation of coal fields. Under
each of the coal seams, or beds, which
form but Il small portion of the great geo
logical group of strata 10 which they for
the most part appertain, Il stratum of an
cicnt soil exists. in which there are COM
monty found the roots of ancient trees
while above the coal there iS commonly Il
laver of Shale or sandstone. i'll which not
unfrequently the trunk of those trees are
found either fallen or in their original po-
sition. and only partly converted into
coal the hollow of the trunk decayinG
long before the trunk gave way. is repre-
Sentcd by "A cast in sandstone. Originally
the trees must have stood erect above
layer of vegetable matter. their roots be-
ing embedded in the soil which forms the
deposit next the coal. The vegetable lay
erS may probably have been two or three
times as thick as the resulting coal seam,
and were reduced by pressure TO their
present thickness but such LAYERS can
not at any time have reached to the bran
ches Of the forest trees. Then the proc 'ss
of gradual decomposition began. This
only could happen when some subsidence
of the soil had caused it 70 be submerged
tOa greater or less depth. As soon as sub
rnprOppea was pompletp the fall frees
perished and began to decay. The stout
trunks above the vegetable layer were
broken off and swept away by the sea.
The forest itself, properly so-called, was
for the most part destroyed. II was the
decaying refuse of the forest, intermxed
with the lower growths, which formed
the coal seam as it now exists. Among
these were the lower parts Of the trunks
Of ancient forest trees. These became
converted. like the rest of the vegetable
matter. into cOal.-Er.
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
The Wedding Finger.

Much has been said and written about
the wedding ring, but the more lovely
part engaged in the mystic matter, the
taper residence of this ornament, has been
neglected. Now this is rather curious, as
there are facts which belong to the ring
finger which render it in peculiar man.
ner an appropriate emblem of matrimo-
nial union. 1t is the only finger where
two principal nerves belong to two dis
tinct trunks; the thumb is supplied with
its principal nerves from the radial nerve,
as is also the fore finger, the middle fin
ger, and the thumb side of the ring finger,
while the ulnar nerve furnishes the little
finger and the other side of the ring fin
ger, at the point or extremity of which a
real union takes place. 1t seems as if it
were intended by nature to be the matri-
mOnial finger. That the side of the ring
finger next the little finger is supplied by
the ulnar nerve, is frequently proved by a
common accident, that of striking the ell
(boW Against the edge Of chair, door,
or any narrow, hard substance; the ulnar
nerve is then frequently struck, and a
thrilling sensation is felt in the little fin
-. and on,t 1ame side of the ring fin
snn the other side of it-Er.
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
How TO Carry an Umbrella.

PERHAPS you don't know? If so, I'll
tell you.
If you are in the<sOuntry, where there
is plenty of room. the knowledge will be
of no use to you, and you had better not
waste your time in reading this article.
But if you are i'm the city you will find
it practically to your advantage to study
the rules laid down.
To begin at the beginning:
Be sure and pull your hat well down
over your eyes before you start out with
your umbrella. Button up your coat. If
it is cold weather tie on muller. IfyOu
chew tobacco take fresh quid. Slam the
door when you go out of your house. 1t
will give people inside clear understand
ing of the fact that you are proprietor and
have right to slam your own door as
much as you please.
After you step out on the crowded side
walk, thrust your umbrella under your
stick out equally, before and behind, at
right angles with your body. It's always
well when you sre purchasing, to buy as
long an umbrella as you can get. 1t will
be likely to last longer, as well as to stick
out further when you are carrying it.
Then walk as fast as you can. The
faster the better. People in cities al
ways go fast for fear time will Overtake
them.
Everybody who has the impudence to
push up behind you will get punished for
it by poke from the umbrella you carry
behind and everybody you meet will get
poke from the umbrella you carry in
front; for arranged in this way an UNI
brella acts on the principle of double
ender, and like old Gradpa Lyman's gun,
kills equally well at both ends.
II small boy or two should be knocked
over, no matter. 1t will learn small boys
to stay at home and pick up chips for
their mothers. No business out in the
street, getting in the way of peoples UNI.
brellas.
If it rains, spread your umbrella and
hold it well down in front Of you. People
who are coming the other way must keep
their own lookout. Of course you will be
going with your face to the storm. On
always is. If you put anybody's eyes 6ekt
it won't be your fault-they should have
got out of the way when they saw you
coming!
Ifyour umbrella becomes entangled In Z
lady's laces, or fringes, don't stop to dis.
entangle it. Tear along. Serves her night
for wearing such fOOleries! g :
Make your way, nc matter who a2G1
or swims, and most likely y0u VIA e.
rich, and all your relatives VIII - kQ1
ing over with joy at your dealt
find employment for yeoe,
fighting over the lucre YQQ
hind.-Kate 'sor7s,
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
A Monster Anvil.

VULCAN himself, with all the swart giants
who worked at the gods smithies under
Etna, never owned such an anvil as will
soon be in use in new rolling mills at
WOolwich, England. For a long time
past the engineers have been busy at the
Royal Gun Factories of the Arsenal in
constructing this Titanic piece of IRON
mongery, and they are depOsiting in its
place the enormous plate which is to form
the bed of the anvil block. This plate
weighs l07 tons, and had to be cast of ne
cessity in an open mould. The surface
which is to receive the anvil block lay,
therefore, downward, and when after
many weeks the colossal casting grew
cool, it was needful to turn the huge mass
completely over. At the appointed time
an army of sturdy smiths undertook the
task with hydraulic jacks and cOmbina-
ton of the strongest tackle; before night
they had lifted the mOnstrOVs lump of
solid metal, twenty-five feet square, and
since then they have laid it on its bed
upon the rOck-like structure of concrete
and piles made to receive it. The anvil
block to be mounted on the huge plate
will weigh only trifie short Of 200
tons, and the steam hammer which will
strike upon is made of thirty-five tons of
solid metal, the blow, at full force being,
of course, tremendous. In fact. it is rath-
er doubtful what will happen to WOOlwich
and its vicinity when the mighty piece OF
mechanism gets to work. That the earth
around will shake and the air roll
with measured thunder seems probable;
for nothing like this stupendOus forge has
ever been set to work since the bolts OF
JOve were hammered. ThOr's famous
weapon was a mere driver of tin tacks
cOntrasted with it; and indeed, the old
NOrske god, for all his huge strength,
would be puzzled to throw this WOolwicf
tOol-which, taking all its metal work to.
gether, weighs hard upon 500 tons.
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
RAYNIILE La. SATURDAY, JUNE H. 1873. WI

such bad fellow. after all, Mr.. Monteith." :"
The farmer did as he said. And though
up to the present day Mr.. Monteith can
get nobody else to see the merits OF his
grtnt improved lifting lock. he has a
l49 fR-law who believes in it, who be-
Ii = he could make tie sun stand still in
the heavens. if he tIied, and he is the pos
ses'or-in his wife'S name, to be sure-of
goodly fortane already realized from his
royalties upon the little patent churn
which was her wedding portion.-Ha,'-
uey's P0-or
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
ROSY,S WEDDING PORTION.

SHE stood at the gate. with her hat on
the back Of her neck and the morning sun
streaming over her bare bright head, while
she spoke with the young man who leaned
across the rail and gaZed at her out of
pair of earnest brown eyes. In one hand
she held the broken rose and spout of an
old watering-pOt that she had just care
lessly picked up, and neither she nor the
father and mother who gaZed at her from
the little sweet-brier-draped veranda knew
that she held i'm her hand the greater part
of her wedding portion.
"Let him have my little clover BIOS
som ?' cried the father, angrily. "NOt
by long shot! Have | been rearing her
this twenty years to throw her over the
fence at last ?''
"But, father"
"No, mother, that will do. Mr.. Mon
lteith may be part of the solid earth, for
all | knOw--you women seem to think so.
But I'll send him flying higher than
Silderoy's kite If he asks me for Rosy
sayner'
\ f'But, father-'' the timid voice began
! gain.
y '"There. that will do, mother, say.
4See her down at the gate nOw." And the
~ tifnl wife turned her head to look at the
fetty maiden, tall and slender and we'll
3apeO, anu Will u ldCc IIdu WHOSc WOii-
ful colOrs, so pellucid, so rich, so
- pging, Aurora herself could have none
faner or brighter-a face whose brilliant
hazel eyes accented all their colors with
their clear luster, and the fine and flying
hair about which was of that marvellous
tint which is neither chestnut nor red,
but has something of the shadow of the
Airst, something of the splendor of the
last. "Look at her," said the father. 81
can't believe thing so fine as that Is any
of mine. She's you all over again when
i courted you. And. I'm sure she shall
be none Of his! Am going to give that
girl to a ragamuffin of an inventor to GO
md starve in a city lodging, do you think:
nNHhy, SIZE has taken the prize for bread at
= fair the country round her cheese
est; her butter is the best; her
darnin Hthe-"
"TheI nR sure, father, she's all the
ftserE $to marry poor man."
"a >et going 70 ositW 81
sSadSy. Ihe man
AZ glow straight
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14


New York. .................l.l72 273 Ill
Pennsylvania ............. G5,95G l,dj5,>10
ohlo. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 5D,JD l,b5O, >2J
In population of 100000 lin lS5O) 40
per cent. lived in towns.
IN 1870.
New York. ................2, .2,21O,ow 2l32, 40
Pennsy wanna. la.............l, III 30 loo, ~"
ONO OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. S'",VOD l,e65, 20
iol;iIS. - ,o'l,- 20 DUES ,UiU
In a population of l0.100. 900 lin 1870 45
per cent. lived in large towns. But when
we look into the details the results are
most extraordinary. Take them in
NEW YORK.
Increase of civic population. 100 per cent.
Increase of rural population ........ l. per cent.
PENNsYLvANIA.
Increase of civic population l20 per cent.
Increase OF rural population - per cent.
ONO.
Increase of civic population .l23 per cent
Increase of rural POI ulation II per cent.
Ohio was. and is yet, great agricultu-
raj State; and yet we see its town pOpula-
ton is increasing eight fold that of the
rural.
The ratios of the civic and rural pOpu-
ation for twenty years are rs follows:
Inc. OF civic population in 81 years III per cent
Inc. of rural population In 20 years. 10 per cent
But even this does not tell the whole
truth. We have taken only cities and
towns over 200. Now, in fact. there are
a large number of villages of 800 to 500
inhabitants which do not produce any,
thing in food.
Thus we have facts, alike singular and
incontrovertible, that three central States
of the American Union have increased in
the cities and towns seven fold what they
have in the rural or the producing popu-
lation. Now. it would be impossible to
continue that relative increase of civic
and rural population without ultimate
starvation. Hence, we can come to but
one conclusion, that the city and town
population of this country must cease TO
increase, or we shall increase the price OF
provisions to an unbearable rate, and
finally to failure. In one word, the
present condition of things which we call
civilization" cannot continue much
longer
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14
Paddle Your Own Canoe.

JUDGES gave his son thousand dollars,
telling him to 60 to college and graduate.
The son returned at the end of the Fresh
man year without dollar and with sew.
eral ugly habits. About the close of the
vacation the Judge said to his SON:
"Well, William, are you going to col.
lege this year p
Have no money, father"
But 1 gave you thonssnd dollars to
graduate 0nv
that's all gone, father
'' Tery well, my son; I was all could
give you; you can't stay here: you mYa(
now pay your own way in the woy1d
A new light broke In upon the N
the astonished young man. BE, g
modated himself to the situation
home, msde his way through e
graduated at the head Of >hIs
ied law. becs me GeysEn6r of
New York, entet
President Of the u
made syecoCd 'tbr hin
soon die, belRe mona
81. Seward. u
Richland beacon., 1873-06-14

WHEN tho :s
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16

desrns by bidding fair price For the timbor Efforts
were made to get him 10 joi0 The combination, which
mt he 0uickIy act That lnsttsr nj rest The result
that no bought some Of the very best timber land In
WISCONSIN aud has since been getting IL OUT ana snip
pugIt direct 10 Boston AGvices nave Dpen received az
Washington of another atioDpt % Swinde the Indians
il said are laying their plans there prevent his inter-
position bat with little OF sucoess we hope Two
years ago AF Beecher furnlcd the agent OF the MO
nominees the means 10 20 into the woods and cut timber
for the benen OF the tribe ani the result was that the
Winters work neted the rlOe 5000 over ~ expenses
uOns and cuttlg timber winch belonged 70 he lhu4hs,
and making account OF II 10 them A sult Is now
pending against parties tor thus trespassng, one OK
whom Is Mr.. McCOrd OF Shtwtno VINO vas eiected 70
the state senate last Fail from the ShawanO Dstrct u
- lucky thing for the Indians that they have sucn
friend IA Mr.. Beeeher protect their nterest-oho
VINO can neither be bought bribeI nor frightened.
ana one whom tue lumber rings OF Wisconsin nave
learned by experience Is hard % run against
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16
LOCAL MISCELLANY.
THE GOODRICH MURDER.

Az UNSUCCESSFUL SEARCH FOR RoscoE-HE Is ALI
LEGGED TO BE AN ACcoMPIIcE OF KATE sIOp-
DkRD.
The police are still actively searching TOT
Aha snauiad Roscoe alleged TO have been concerned III
the murder OF Chas. w. Goodrich lhey deohne W Wv.
nv Indignation concerning his the murder II
the alleged confession OF the woman Kate st"uuaru
"a given by the police is the correct version Is
,,aon,, 20 600 how Roscoe could have had any
-, An tho vnnrder II is asserted. however that
,o ro,ended confession is not truthful version OF
wate stodaards confession but has been changed and
,ortions relating TO suppressed. The revolver
fonpd beside the body OF the murdered man was
oscoes and this fact alone leads 70 the belief that be
was engaged In the commission OF the crime II he did
not actually perpetrate 1t. As is well known Kate
stoddard and Roscoe acquainted, having met at
the rooms Of Imoete Myers otherwise Mrs Armstrong
In this CITY, and there also Goodrich and Roscoe met
and on one occasion had alteration. On more thah
one occasion Roscoe threatened the life Of Goodrich
Kate stoddard deemed herself fouy wronged ny
II is thought very probable that they so
jon together TO avenge themselves on the ooeo' u
their dislike. ~. ~
It's believed that Kate soddard admitted Roscoe 70
the house in Degraw ST., and that between inc ou
midnight on Thursday aud a. H. on fIiu"S' "' -
when the body was discovered, the muruor was 0 ~,
mitted by the pair. The police say tney ha'o Oh Wv
proof required 10 convict Roscoe. iniS mas ~ -.
snoa no ,ho confession of Kate stoddard. Roscoe has
seen around any Of his old haunts SINCE the ar
resi- Of his alleged accomphce, and as he always pos
od nlontv q, money it is believed that he has taken
Stsoy 90 % some distant city, Accurate descriptions
"a MIN have been sent 10 the police Of all the cities III
th limited States and Canada and not believed that
Lane
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16
ANONYMOUS CHARGES AGAINST POLICE
OFFICIALS.

A few days ago the Police Commissioners
received an anonymous communication making grave
charges against Mr. Seth c. Hawley, Chief Clerk Of the
Board OF Police, Capt. A. g. Wilson Of the Twenty
second Precinct, Police Commissioner Smith, and ex-
Commissioners Barr aud Brennan. 1t is charged that
horses the private property Of these officials kept
and fed at the public expense in the stables
of the mounted police under the command OF
Capt Wilson. 1t is further alleged that
a painter, member Of the Police Depart
ment, was for three months engaged in painting Mr..
Uawleys house. and that the mechanics engaged the
new stationhouse, at OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES condst.
and Tenthave divided their work between the station
house and the house OF MI Hawley, but paid for
their full time from the police funds TRIBUNE reporter
made inquiries OF Mr.. Hawey yesterday, relative the
matter and was informed that until substantial and
pct charges had been made against him 10 the Board
he did deem 1t necessary or desirable TO make
elaborate defense He denied. however ali the alega-
tons made against him Of pecuatons of dishonesty
toward the Department OF any KIND, and IL the
came to trial the Commissioners he would be able
to prove his entire innocence.
Commissioner Gardner also visited by the report
er. He stated that anonymous communication had
been received by the Board OF Police OF the purport
given above the matter had been referred TO Com
nttee OF the Board for investigation. Thus far the
Committee had been unable TO discover particle eyi-
dence, duplicating the accused officials. The writer
the communication failed 10 come forward and make
good his assertions No charges have preferred by
superintendent Matse against Mr.. Hdwley or capt.
Wilson, has been alleged nor until something definite
has been Obtained Will any DC made.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16
THE PILOT COMMISSIONERS.
Az AMERICAN AERIAL LADDER.

An exhibition of the Skinner hook and lad
der truck and hose elevator combined was given at D.
m yesterday in the City Hall Park before the Board
Fire Commissioners the President and chiefs OF the
Fire Department this city, and representatives OF the
Fire Departments OF Washington, ID. t.. Baltimore Mo.
VcEsburg Miss, Buffalo, n. " aud other large cites OF
the Eastern States. The machine was invented by
George skinner IN 1865 and i has been used In Boston,
Philadelphia montreal, Schenectady and chicago. Inc
machine comDlnes strength aud hghtness, It's weight
beng only zSO pounds or HOO pounds less than te or
binary trucks USED In the city fly" ladder was nrst
raised by wlndlass worked by four men, and three
men mounted 10 the top-a hight OF ~ feet After their
descent the ladders were rolled down aud shortened and
again raised. this time 70 the hght of rs feet with linen
fastened % tho tOpmos and connecting with
al engine Ia the eueeL One hundred and ten pounds
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16

water. thorough repair OF these streets ia essonu
to their future cleanliness The Belgian paVe' ~
quite unObectionabe. Tho following stre aist
sentcd the most athy sPpearanee, vic.
for several hundred feet west of First ave.
ST., between ETe-ave. and Avenue A ! 2onue A
between Fmstave. and Avenue a Avenue b,
between Fourteenth and Nineteenth-sts.i Nhtaenh
between Fourteenth and Seventeentnsts' sn,eenth-
st., between Avenues and y. 10 East niS rorhacp
&C. there was huge aecumu lation OF ahes anu nuses
i'm the street before each of the row OF tenement
FROM Nos. $40 5l8 inclusive. ,.ns,s cleaner
Walker Twentieth Ward reports MS ,soos viz
than last week, with the io th ad Sinthsaves Thir
ty-sixth-st between Ninth and Ientn a
st. between Ninth and ibIhlaVes Inspector Roberts
Twenty nrst Wardl reports ms sTeels V'oan In
Broadwayaley which Is yeT TyventSsecond War re-
norfs his streets IN far condition eAOcPtnk 1ner
pSvement is bad. Assistant Inspector s.rons treets
paw s eny-second Ward inds all MS paved streoc
part vi condition excepting Ninth-ave between
ciyfvseoond and Sixty thlTdsts., winch Coutl0
49, OF unpaved streets the following deserve atve
yakc serond-st between Ninth and Ienth-aVes-
-third-st., between Ninth ana lenthh'os'
fourtbst. between Tenth and and sjTtv
attbst 900 feet west OF Tenhave. These all CONTAIN
garoage which should be removed ihspectol 4 Vss
dover part of Nineteenth Ward reports me- sLee'S
ceaner than usual excepting the unpayeu pioChH;
sis slant Inspector Fowler upper part Oi 1n; o.
finds all his streets In good CONDITION eAS pm
hundred-andeleyenth-st, between 0e0onu "
In addition TO the above facts the Inspectors OF psay
paved districts have made special compnts an nc 20
live paving and cutters out OF grade WHICH Thess re-
terred 10 the Department Of Public WORKS lh9s1 Io
ports cover the week up to saturday; since .no
ersnnay inspected large number OF the WORST steete
~ rbe city While the city iscomparauVely Wen Cleaned
The work OF the cleaners Is not wei
m their eapacity limited the most WORK snou 90 uou
where IL Ia most needed. In thcky populated, pssee
robbie streets, where the Inhabitants are ehtISy nun
ferent sanitary considerations anu lhr9w .hoi
and garbage In the cutters right behind the sweeper
there is need of daily cleaning All OF which Is respect
fully submitted n. n s.n,v aunt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16
DIS1ING UIsaED COLLEGE GRADUATES
From tn, Dartmouth AnrR


In short report of Harvard commencement
find the following: The significant fact was stated
that the i've representatives OF the United
eminent at Geneva were all graduates OF Harvard and
Yale" Now what was that significant faot.7 We
can't what else IL signify than the greatest
graduates OF Harvard Yale. No doubt IL was
high honor for those colleges 10 have such graduates
among their alumni but then this significant fact
niheant fact" that little more than a quar-
ter Of century ago the greatest six law
yers In Boston were graduates OF Dartmouth.
Another OF these facts that the North
boundary question. which had continually vexed En-
gland and the United States and which appeared almost
nsolube was safely settled by Dartmouth graduate
IL signlncant fact that the leading pulpit In tho
country Ia filed by Amherst man. Just what extra
ordinary things these facts signify however, cannot
see no more can We see anything astonshingly sig
nihcant In the fact that Ave were selected from
Harvard and Yale graduates who capable of repre-
sentng our Governments at Geneva. One find Just
Honor ~ Harvard and Yale for their men,
but ths patrcian manner OF treating the subject Is
hardly just 10 other colleges deserving equal honor for
tVeDd learning.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-16
THE HAVANA MAIL ROUTE.

1t having been reported that Senator Pater-
son of South Carolina urging upon the Postoice De-
partmeut the desirabty OF sending the Havana malls
via Charleston, rather than directly from New-York
TRIBUNE reporter called upon Postmaster James yeser
day ascertain his views upon the projected change
Mr.. James stated that the new route would secure no
advantage In point OF time, and would be OF almost no
advantage 90 the Southern States They have by the eI
isting arrangement two mails week from Havana BIZ
ships OF the Alexander and Clyde lines The average
time made by these vessels is four days from NewYork
% Havana and three and half days the home trip,
while the shortest time made by the Old Charleston
route 6uays.