The New York herald., 1873-08-23
Modern Anabaptists Swelling the Tide
Of immigration.
THE CzARlNA'S CRAFTSMANSHIP
Canada as a Contestant for Settlers
on Her Lands.
time As A DESTROYER OF TREATIES.

intended transmtgratt0n OF numerous colonies OF
Mennonites from that portion Of Russia watered
By the Black Sea and the Sea Of Azo1 the following
statement concerning 1t has been drawn up with
some care. The Mennonites are species of Mus
-Teutonic Quaker, protesting form OF Prot
estant christianity older than Lutheranism, but
widely distinct from that OF the orthodox Greek
Church, and whose adherents entertain con-
scienttous scruples OF the most thorough nature
against bearing arms in time Of war or peace-in
other Words against serving In the army-re-
semblng In this one and important respect our
own most worthy Society Of Friends. The Men
nontees are scattered in Holland, Germany,
Switzerland and Russia and there are some few
already settled In Pennsylvania but, as general
thing, when not in sufncient numbers to constitute
congregation, they worship or af1liate with the
Baptist denomination.
SETTLEMENT IN SOUTHERN RUSSIA.
In the course OF their history the Mennonites have
suffered many tribulations and have not been free
from internal dssensions. They first came to
Russia in 1889, in answer to an invitation OF the
Empress Catherine H., who at that time contem-
plated founding great commercial port In the
Black Sea. She gave them lands and means with
which to establish themselves and temporary
relief from taxes and con tributions, and promised
them exemption forever from military service. They
settled in the south OF Russia, in accordance with
GATHERINGS design, In what is now the governme mt
Of fTaurtd, on tract OF land between the rivers
Dnieper, Malotchna and Tokmak, and have since
spread themselves from the province OF Cherson to
the Crimea, adjoining, which is as is known, the
extreme end OF the empire. They aided by their
industry in building
THE IMPORTANT CITY OF ODESSA,
close to which the bulk of their people have con-
tinued to reside Odessa is one OF the great grain
markets Of the world and is q commercial port OF
the hrst consequence. The Mennonites are good
agricuturists but are particularly noted for their
plantations Of fruit, forest and mulberry trees.
This culture they have followed with great sue
cess on steppes that were formerly perfectly
bare The intended emigrants are, accord
Ing to the best accounts, intelligent, indus
trtous and persevering. In addition, they are
A CARDINAL MAXIM
Of the Comptroller's that no man shall draw two
salaries from the city; and only the other day. he
objected to the payment of one salary to Mr..
Sparks, as clerk OF the Court Of Oyer and
rerminer, and another, as clerk OF the General
Sessions Mr.. Green, at that meeting OF the Board
Of App0rttonment, cited the new charter on this
subject and its provisions are very explicit on
this matter uide the fOlowng,cause OF section ia
OF the document
IS provided in this eet Nor shall any officer
sS-onEo by virtue Of an act Of the Legislature and In
such case he shall draw no saary for such erio Office
Mr.. vAUx's DUTIES
Is architect Of the new City Prison are not merely
the OEs Of aa but It. w last for Ss
the city government" as an architect attached to
the Department Of Parks: Building jails s no part
outside that domain he virtually accepts
another otiice under the ~ municipality. as.
Of s CITY RsVS over ans rs
erection. He cannot, therefore, legally receive
salary for such services, and the presumption is
vaux that ne Is governed by motives OF economy
IN 50 appointing him: and that Mr. vaux is there;
er-QnciO architect OF the new City Prison.
JUSTICE FOwLER's CLAIMS
very clean, orderly moral, temperate and economi-
his travels in 1885, says that 1t is his rm conviction
that Russia cannot show any more diligent or more
attendance at which is made compulsory. Educa.
ton Is universal among them
THE FOUNDER OF THE SECT
IND Economics are later school OF Anabaptists.
Il was fou rded by Simonis Memo, who was born
A. Wiisn arsr,r Holland, In 1895. he was ordained
the asuSs stSds G ns
mind botn in regard to the truth and doctrine Of
the Church, ana In 1855 he Withdrew altogether
nom its fold. He now attached asem 20 sne PatW
preacher and bishop at Gromingen. hfnceIortn
his great end was TO organize and unite tne scat,
Germany. with this view Menno spent much
time in travelling; but FriesIand was his chief
residence, until persecution compelled him TO ny
to Wtsmar. Finally he settled at OldeshOe, H0l-
stein, where he found not only protection, but en-
couragement' and was allowed to establish print.
opinions. Cpl MS Memo is described to have
been man gentle, earnest, moderate, and
0,m O e va wsn Of the esres
Ansbaptists. The conscientious scruples. enter
tanned by the sect against bearing arms under any
doctrines, for little was said on that question
during Mennon's lifetime. The Mennonites only
intermarry among themselves. they oaptze by
washing. They avoid the use OF Jewels and dress
in subdued colors so far resembling the Quake rs
RUSSIA LOOKING TO HER DEFENCEs.
The character and antecedents the followers OF
the Hollsnder Memo, can be understood by read.
ing what precedes. They served the purposes OF
Catherine H., but were always considered privi-
leged class OF foreigners, though three generations
OF the coonists have been born on the shores OF
the Black Sea and under the Russian nag. The
causes that have led to their intended transmit
grafton to the American continent grows out OF the
new military policy or necessities OF Russia; Russia
ganizng her military system during the past
three years. The cardinal principle in the edct or
native Rnssian, without exception OF any nature
whatsoeyer must actually 90 Into the ranks OF the
nr%y The law wa e compulsory On noble TSs mn ana
nonites were solemnly guaranteed by Catherine ii.
exemption forever from military servicen and as
they could not be forced to comply
respected during the war In the Crimea, where
many thousands Of the sect lived and thrived, and
where IL might oe thought It would be insisted that
they should resist the invaders OF their alive land
and aid the government that Afforded them protec-
tion. At all events, the Mennonites resolved to
stick to their guaranteed rights.
APPLICATION TO THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT.
Il Ia Q crime for Russian subjects to emiQrate
and crime to induce them to emigrate without
permission. The law ie clear and pointea on this
subject. The governments had no desire, more
over, 70 part with the Mennonites and to see de-
South OF the Empire, but there wss more impor.
tsnt matter that Of carrying out the universal con-
scrtpttOn law. In the meantime March,
1S72 petition IN the German language, signed
by thirty-two prominent members Of the Mennonite
sect, was presented to the American Consul az
Odessa, requesting answers 10 certain questions
respecting an Intention they entertained Of
emtgrating to America. They stated they were
heads OF families connected by family and fellow
ship WITH about one hundred colonies, numbering
nv ,,,vvrr.v .,,r - ,r,o,-s v,, sorro