The New York herald., 1873-03-31

arcny. III anarchy would come the Republic would
be damned. Working for one end, and with what
Is rarely seen in Spain-abundance Of money
stimulated by the fear OF losing valuable revenues
In the West Indies, the members OF the league
have shown an amazing activity. And when every
hope faded away OF making war directly upon the
Republic the efforts OF the league were directed
TO the fomenting OF trouble between the new Cabi-
net ana the m0narchists who had supported
Amadeus
THE MUCH ASPIRING MARrOs.
Nor was there much difficulty in encouraging
this feeling. At the head OF the radical party was
the famous CrsJino Martos. Martos Is full round
faced man, with an ambitious, vain and not q sin
oere c0untenance. He is q professor in the Uni
versity, and as an orator Is excelea only by Gas.
telar While CASTELAR, is inspiration and fire Martos
Is cold, clear, convincing statement q marvellous
power of expression. simple and forcible. He was
Minister under ZOrrilla, IN charge OF Foreign
Affairs and never did anything but promise. When
abdicatOn came and Zorrilla would not take sffice
under the new Republic, nor even sit on its
holding his party in hand he would have made
terms with 1t. Mart0s In q critical moment
arose, separated from his chief, took the
party with him and made the Republic In
return for this he was made President OF the
Cortes-a disappointment to him, as he expected
to be President OF the Republic. But he took
it all in good part. and was embraced and kissed
by many deputies, and was the first to stand upon
bench and cry, olive the RepuDlicr "Live the
Cuba OF Spainl' So he became President OF the
Spanish COrtes, but oil men knew he was not satis-
fed. He had an Office OF dignity and he wanted
the Office OF power. And waited his time.
"MAKING THE ELECTIONs."
1t was known also there would be a dissolution
baca onH
make constitution. In Spain, as in France, who
ever is in power can do great deal towards 'mak.
ing the elections" In the first place, there is in
every country Especially in those where affairs
are as uncertain as In SPAIN large body of the
people who do not care very much who is in power,
so there be power and peace, and crops and
market for the Oil and wine. This class Is
always sure to vote for the government. Then the
local authoritles-prefects in France, alcaldes
here-have influence. They hold their power from
the central authority, and they serve their masters
by working for the success of their party Thus in
France whoever has control OF the Home Depart
ment, and in Spain of the "Gubernacion," can
have vast and sometimes an absolute influence
on the elections. This is what men call ''making
the elections"
THE RADICALS RESOLVE TO UNsEAT THE MINISTRY.
AS sooH, therefore, as dissolution was breathed
the Cortes saw that, with ri y Margal in the Home
ONCE and with power to ''make the elections,n q
large part OF its radical majority would not return
The general DRIFT Of the country was with
the republicans anyhow. 1t would be hard,
II not, perhaps, impossible, for any Home
Secretary-Seior Sagasta himself-to defeat
them, could he "make the eectiOns.n But many
OF them might come back with the aid OF the gov
ernment. without its aid, and with resolute re-
publican statesman In the Home Offlce-such
man as Margall with whom the Republic was
conviction, there would be little chance for most
Of them Where constituency was strong enough
to beat the government candidate 1t would be
strong enough to elect Carlist or an AllOnsist,
and most assuredly would. This thought became
manifest to the radical majority. They saw that
In surrendering all to the republicans, in pro-
claiming the Republic and then under pressure
abandoning the Ministry, that they had virtually
abnegated power. They became restive. Zorrilla
had retired from public life-from Spain. Martos
was their leader. Martos had his own
griefs and disappointed ambitions. The panic
under which the radicals had been driven out
of the Cabinet had passed away. The dread OF
defeat was present. The radicals had the power;
why should they not use IL? Above all things, why
commit suicideP Why, among other things should
the Cortes give up pOwer9 There was the Assem-
bly, IN France. Did it commit suicide merely be-
cause hidden so to do by NJ, Gambettap No. 1t
remained together and saved the country. Here
were men like Gambetta, anxious for power. They
meant to dissolve the Cortes as the first step to.
wards power. Was that wise; and was it not time
to pause and think coolly over matters and see if
the party which ruled the Cortes could not rule
Spain2
ARMING THE CITIZENS.
Then came, as an interlOcutory Incident, what
known the QrmtuO nj tha cit Tha
people, do not mean the lower classes, but what
the French would call the 6Ouryeoisie-made up
their minds that for the safety OF the city they
would arm and organize. The government held
that no bodies OF men should take up unless by
It's orders. As most Of the men who were armlng
were conservatives who could be counted On as
"frlends OF order" the radicals approved of their
course, and leading member of the party, the
young and gifted Marquis Of SardOval. brought the
'incdent" into the COrtes. 1t Is almost impossible
to write seriously about the debate that ensued.
The Marquis maintained that the residents of any
and all OF the streets Of Madrid had the right to
arm themselves and protect themselves on ths
highway; and If any bodies Of men we're seen
where their presence was not Agreeable to the in
habtants OF the streets they could compel them to
leave or fire upon them. This proposition could
easily be supported by precedents drawn from the
OF Amersca. CASTELAR,, who answered for the Minis
try, could only oppose to the arguments OF the
Marquis the absolute practices Of all civilized ma.
tions which restricted the use Of armed forces
within limits sanctioned by law, and subject to
constituted authorities the only guardians au-
thorized by law. Mr.. Suna de Capdevilla found
these improvised companies OF Home Guards very
convenient because he found himself in the same
file with the Marquis de Sardoval. "That," said
friend 'is legitimate compromise. 1t reminds
me of Marat and Philip Egalite uniting to behead
Louis XVI. Now, I suppose, we shall
have opposition guflOtnes in the Banios,
Salamanca and Antonio Martin, both to
be worked by steam power until the
reds believed the monarchists, and the monarch
lists the reds. Meanwhile oil OF Castelars phrases
about fraternal good-feeng and mutual trust in
the community and respect for the law will be
anronting to all decent and honorable menu