Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1873-10-23

J. Harry Clawson, Assignee-In Bankruptcy
Notice to Lien Creditors-In the Matter of
n. Black, Bankrupt.
IT. NJ. Dobson & Co.-Cigars-Boots and Shoes
Balmorals- Skirts-Baskets-
Shawls-Ready Made Clothing-Old Hats
and Bonnets-Lades-Mil -Millinery-Umbrel-
las-Coffee MillsaGunsaB aBlankets.Look,
Nuts
AGRICULTURAL-.THE ORANGES.
On Saturday last, goodly number of the
citizens of the town and county, including
several ladies, assembled in the Court House
for the purpose of hearing addresses on the
subject Of agriculture and the oranges, which
had been previously appointed for Col. w.
B. Wilson, of Yorkville, and Major Julius
Mills Deputy Master of Chester county. The
occasion was enlivened with strains of music
by the colored brass band. The speakers
were introduced by Col. A. Coward, Master
of York Grange.
Col. Wilson said the duty of delivering an
address had been assigned him by York
Grange and he regretted that other engage
ments had prevented him from giving the SUBJ
ject that attention which its Importance de-
manded. After alluding to the condition of
agriculture in the South, and the importance
of that interest to our own section, as we'll as
the country at large, he next adverted to the
farmers organization, known as oranges.
The organization has no political features, but
is established for the protection of the agri.
cultural interest. The cooperative system has
been adopted by nearly all classes of trades
men and mechanics, to their benefit, and
strange to say, until recently, the farmers of
the country had neglected to avail themselves
of the advantages of such union. Already,
however, the organization numbers thousands,
banded together: for their mutual protection
against the operation of rings and monopolists.
The movement is not confined to section, and
under the system of free labor now pervading
the entire land, there is no danger to be ap-
pretended from sectional conflict or jealousy,
but to the contrary, the association will be
harmonious in its operations North, South,
East and West.
The Importance of the laws of chemistry, as
applied to farming; the advantages Of deep
plowing the rotation of crops; hillside ditch
ing; subsoiling; surface culture, at the prop
er stage of the crop, and similar subjects of
practical Importance to the farmer, were ably
and fully discussed. The speaker urged the
Importance of cultivating small farms or, in
other words, that the planter should not un-
dertake to cultivate more land than he can
work thoroughly and we'll. If, by thorough
culture and systematic farming, the same re-
suits can be attained on twenty acres, with
one mule and two hands, that by an indifer-
ent and negligent process would be accom-
plished on forty acres, with two mules and
four hands, he argued that it is manifestly to
the farmers advantage to avoid the extra ex-@
pense of one mule and two hands. The true
policy of our farmers is to do less work and
do it we'll. The test of the successful farmer
is not alone in the quantity of his crops for a
given year, but how, in addition to his pro.
ductions, be improves his land. Bya proper
and judcious system of culture, besides the
value Of his crops, his profits will also increase
in the enhanced value of his land, which is a
matter of no less Importance than good prices
for his products.
Besides the growth of cotton, our soil and
climate are admirably adapted to the cultiva-
ton of all the cereals and other crops enter
ing into mans wants or necessities and all
that's needed to make York county blooming
garden, is liberal and systematic mode of
farming. This, in addition to the advantages
we now possess, in timber and water, and pres
ent and prospective facilities for transporta-
ton, would make York county the most desi.
rable section in the State.
COL Wilson closed by again alluding to the
advantages the farmers would derive from the
grange or cooperative movement, paying
glowing and eloquent tribute to the noble pro-
fession of ofagriculture, mere synopsis of which
would but do the speaker injustice.
Major Mills was next introduced. His re-
marks were confined exclusively to defense
of the oranges and argument showing the
necessity of such an organization. Agricul-
ture, manufactures and commerce compose
the three great classes of society, which should
be maintained without confiction of inter-
ests. Without the one neither of the others
could exist The Patrons of Husbandry are
not in conflict with either class. They claim
that, as an organization, it is necessity,
brought about by influences antagonistic to
the farmer. It is estimated that the average
earning of each person engaged in farming
at the South is thirty dollars, while at the
North and West the average is forty dollars.
In the production of cotton, rice and sugar,
the South takes the lead; while it may be safe
ly asserted that the grass crop Of the South
is equal to that of the North. But the hand.
ling of southern products while reaching a
market-requiring large sums as commissions
and profits to middle men-consumes the pro-
ductions of our labor, and is the cause of the
farmer saving so little. 1t is matter of self
preservation that the farmers should organ
ize societies for their mutual protection. In
doing so, the Patrons of Husbandry do not
make war on any other class. They are met
on every hand by rings and other troubles
which cooperation only can overcome. But
in thus protecting themselves they make no
war upon the merchant. When the mer-
chant buys bale of cotton he deducts from
two to five pounds of the weight, for no ap-