New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-12-06
ward and eastward. which Ia directly toward tina

ward and eastward. which Ia directly toward tina
| northern limit observed.
orders from the Navy Department directed careful
Of the profile Of tn westward a. thu
deep bottom, from Cape Flsttery IT, san Franoiso
On the first line OF soundns run from Cane Pattery "a
the southwark 9DD westward, 1t was observed that u
'he post'o1 lat f' 81 N, long. i25' IS w.. all currents
set 10 the northward and westward and beyond that
station TO the southwark and eastward These do
termned not only by actual observation, but were dis
ncy defined by the temperature OF the surface waters.
and they also conceded with surprising accuracy with
temperatures the air. which changed proportonstey
with those Of the water DuriDgithe entire down tbs
these observations distinctly made each time
when passed from the southwark and eastward cur
rent into counter northward and westward current.
aud cerso BY the consideration OF the proportional
changes Of temperature of this current from ts maxi
mum to the minimum, it, extreme northern limit was
placed in lat 800 az ~. long. 1902 W.
CALIFORNIA COAST CURRENT A CONTINUATION OF rDs
JAPAN STREAM
The California coast current" then in reality but
the continuation OF the Japan stream" and not cold
current, as has been previously supposed originating
In the North Pacific and the northward and westward
current found IL and the shore IL cold counter
one.
Statements az to the socaled California coast
rent being cold stream undoubtedly correct, 80
far as that immediate conoernod but 1t cannot
be correctly called other than warm one north oil th"
latitude OF Cape Banco, TO within forty miles OF
the coast Should doubts still exist as to its being any
other than the Japan current. the question may be
asked II It Is not, where could warm southwark and
eastward current of SUCH III fact OF any magnitude
orr ginate I'm the north
Our work did not take sufficiently far of shore to do
termine its western limit accepting the theory OF
Feurien's Whirlpool which ascribes that to this stream
miDgng with the waters OF the north equatorial cur
rent and knowing its eastern limits, 1t VIII have IA
that latitude width Of about seven hundred miles Is
al Anrtu
of Lower California. Its depth was estimated in lat
40 81 NJ long 1862 10 W. not to be less than 200 feet
The speed Of this current was found from 10
two knots per hour.
When the width of this stream il considered, 70
retn.T with its depth, temperature, rate Of travel
and the direction OF the prevailing winds Of this coast
which are from the northward and westward. it /,
easily perceived why it should have its Acknowledged
controlling influence theiclimate Owing to the sur
vey belngiconned the bank outside OF the one hund
redfathom ne the counter current could not be thor
oughy investigated but II observed not TO extend
beyond to IS miles from the Shore and its speed
varies from half knot 10 knot per hour. In lat
500 IS w. on 400 ~ NJ was found TO extend 10 depth
OF 800 fahOms with rate Of onequarter OF knot per
hour and al the same station, at 200 fahoms depth
its threequarters OF a knot per hour, at
which il remained uniform to the surface.
The accompanying sketch represents currents a.
observed At longitude 1902 the current was strong.
and, as southwark and eastward currents only have
been found far longitude 1902 no doubt need exist
the width OF the stream or as 10 ts being the origin
OF Fleuriens Whirlpool.
The determination Of Inducements has not previous
TO thi, expedition been ascertained although their
existence has been recognized This expedition has
successfully observed all such currents to 100 and In
many cases to 2OO fathoms depth From an inspection
OF the sketch it will be that the Inducements
beneath Japan below % odd fathoms all set
TO the northward and Those observed on tbs
proposed cable which have the set must be
their continuation At the northern limits OF the south
ward aud eastward currents they reach the surface
The completion OF the sounding 20 Japan next spring
will fully determine the hnal disposition OF tue noftn
ward and westward currents.
Particular attention has been paid to the taking or
serial temperatures; or otherwise expressed, tempera
lures at different depths There has been found band
extending to depth of fathoms through which tine
C. then gradually to from 50 TO g. c. at 200 fathoms
depth, and from thence slight and almost impereeptl
temperature invariably found never reaching thus
far temperature below 10 G., but averaging lS' I"
25o c.
SUMMARIZE MOUNTAIN 1000 FEET HIGH
In latitude Ale 3d. ", longitude 1877 H. W., but about
$50 miles from the coast discovered a submarine
mountain of considerable magnitude. II had it,
summit 996 fathoms of water A line OF soundngs
around of about 30 miles diameter at point OF
which less than 1870 athoms of water was obtained.
making this mountain about 1000 feet in hight. ls
NIT was evidently OF rock, was proved by the sound
ing machine falling To bring To the surface any
and in one cast by fresh ndentation being made ia
the machine, which could only he occasloned by its
coming in contact with some hard material About ~
casts were taken from Cape tlattery 70 TINS place.
enabling US TO construct correct chart Oh the contour
Of the coast bank TO the ocean bed.
Generally speaking have found the slope OF the
bank regular along the entire extent OF the coast
averaging about 35 fathcms TO NILE from the 100
fathOm hue for about fifty odd miles, when the
bed proper reached at depth averaging 1900
fathoms Continued has been met in the
Of ThOmsons apparatus also good success was obtained
with the steam sounding apparatus. A few slight al
teratOns have placed the latter the active list and h
has performed half OF tho work with accuracy. Sul
there be question 10 the superiority Of the for
mer, IL in other respect in that OF the OF wire.
which Of course presents in comparison with
ncOnsderable Of surface only to the
OF its down and up bnt to the action OF
rents It's durability. compsctness weight and sim
picity OF manipulation all strongly IN favor