The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1873-03-25

WooL.-Wool, according TO general
ACceptation, Is the fleece OF sheep; but
there are certain, breeds Of sheep, whose
outside covering Is not characterized by
the properties denominsIed woody. Be-
sides tho Thibet goat, the alpaca, the
llama, and other animals grow coats that
are in every respect analogous to the
fleece OF the modern sheep. It Is only on
sheep in domesticatcd state that the
crisp, soft, and wavy material known as
wool attains It's highest perfection.
The quality Of domestic wool differs
according to circumstances Of condition
and temperature. 1t varies in length,
anencss and soitness. Hard, stiff hairs
arc occasionally found mixed with the
dnwny fleece Of the worry highest breeds
.; wOol-hearing sheep, and consequently
the product is very much detoriatcd::
These wiry hairs Nre known 10 wool
staplcrs 0s kCmpS,
All varieties of wool are obtained
either by being shorn from the living ami
nal In Summer, or pulled from the skins
of dead animals. This latter process Is
performed by fGtmOngers-lhe profession.
al name for dealers in hldes-and the
wool is called wool felt staple, or pulled
WOOL but is always inferior to shorn
tlCeces.
Combing woods are those especially
suited to hand or machinery COmbing,
and the process consists Of drawing out
the flbCrs in straight and parallel lines;
the shorter fibers, called "noils," being
thus separated from tho longer fleece.
The full length fiber is subsequently,
twisted and spun, and the yarn Is called
wors,cd. When combed for sufficient
length Of time with hot iron combs. wool
loses It's telling properties by reducing the
rough edges, and causing the tilamens TO
correspond in u great degree to those Of
silk, cotton or flax. Hat bodies, and Ger
tain kinds Of cloth, are made Of felted ma
iarial, which Is rendered dense, hard and
close grained, by twiniDg together and
beating tue flbers until they Coalcsce in a
tight aud perfect interlacement. Spread
out On q flat surface, moistenod with
warm water, and then beaten, It ieltS
more or less thin, according 70 the quant'
" and quality oEflament used, producing
asort OF unwoven cloth. OEsuch tissue
the inhabitants Of the East man
NacIurC their tent coverings, their
saddle cloths, and their material
lOr beds, Couches and druggets
The process known as fulling Is simply
letting the wooden fabric after it 10 woven
and tho operation makes the tissue
dersCr and closer than when It came fresh
from the loom. Tho ends OF worstCds
being covered by tho act Of spinning the
yarns, are smooth and lustrouS In conse'
QnenCe OF tho vast improvements in comb
Ing machinery, and an improved demant
Tor woGsteds, the price Of this article haI
greatly increased, being double what Il
Was twenty years ago. 1t Is largely uset
asa substitute for alpaca, and Is mixet
with cotton warps in fabrics OF llghte
and popular description. The whittier III
fleece the more readily It aSsimilates will
dyes consequently, every faint Of black
ness Is greatly to be avoided. The sam
A2ecc contains several grades Of excel
Hrce, and the wool stapler's function |!
,@pEopcTly sort the fiber into various Sc
FcIOns, which in England ore seven o
eegAI in number. The classification Z
spanish wool is into three varieties, viz
l"''nos fnos, aud terCeros; which beinI
Translated into English, are known rs re-
Uaes, fines, and thirds.