davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National Republican., 1873-02-10
S3OO, 900, 900 United Statcs
n'SnfI&AI


5'SOf1SS1,
Issued under the acts Of Congress above mentioned
Aspirations may he made payable either in cash
lin gold or iu FiVe'twenty Bonds uf any issue in
The latter case interest being adjusted TO February
The Bonds now offered are all that rsp,aiA aJ ne
t50OOOO ice per cents aHihpTss BY Congress and Il
s hardly necessary 10 say that the combination en.
trusted with the management OF this negotiation
embraces connections In Europe and America
which practically insure the placing Of the entire
amount and the redemption n SCOlOOOOO If Hgs,
tEsHiy Bonds aftT TLhh only Tour aHd one LGlJ and
Four per osH'. BoHds uW Tshain for AoldTs u EIEs
iWsHfiss dscliHiHg hi isi nIE0TEhy 10 sTshaHys for
Firs per eHt'
The Coupon Bonda are in denominations Of $50,
800, S5OO VI CO., 5000 and $1,000 Tho Registered
Bonds IN like amounts with the addition Of de.
nominations Of SaO.CO0 aud $1,000 Interest payable
iHd'i'Tiy, will commence from February l. the frat
interest payment being May l, lS5S
ThN Bonds may, at the Option OF the holder, be
registered, aud United States rasury Check, for
interest thereon, will be sent from Washington 70
the Pot Once address Of the holder in any Part Of
America or Europe.
Applications viii be received at the ONCE Of either
OF tn" undersigned aud must be accompanied by
the required deposit
Payment In Gold will be made as follows:
3 per cent on application.
B FER cent on allotment
" per cent Ou May
j0 peF cent ou June l.
'h'h INV A'lHlAllt upon AllllChlun, may
he made IN currency or any United States bonds
Interest At PER cont USnld) per annum will be
added from February 70 the date OF the several
paymcnS Payments in Fy0-twentirs will be made
Dy exchanging bond for bond, interest being al
lustcd tn February |. Tbs preliminary deposit OF
Five per ccnt In such cases will he returned on re-
ceipt VI tue FiYetwcntos, the class OF which must
be specified Ia the application
The Books Tor Applications will be opened stimuli,
taneOlIsy Ia Europe aud America on the Ith instant,
and remain open until the evening OF the 9Th in
stant, aud the allOtments will he made As soon as
possible thereafter
Provisional Receipts tscrlp) will be given for the
Deposits. The Bonds will be furnished at as early
late practicable against oOrresl onding amounts
Of Fiyetwunty Bonds or payment In full,
ShDlll tho allotment u I0gls not equal the sub.
scriptlun the preliminary deposit IN oaGb oasO will
be returned forthwith to the extent Of the OHcsss
When desired We will furnish the coin without
cOmmissiou) aud make settlement In currency, aud
will also receive at current market price auy Bonds
VI United States other than Five.twenties.
JAY COOKE 4 co.
MORTON, BLISS 4 CO
DREXEL, MORGAN 4 co.
Applications will also be received BY JAY COOKE
4 CO., aud First National Bank, Warrington, from
whom the forms may be procured,
National Republican., 1873-02-10

sg- All communications, whether on I1illu
tor publication, should be addressed to wM J. MUR.
rAoH, Proprietor NATIONAL REFuBLIcAS, Washing.
ton ID. O.
National Republican., 1873-02-10

published every Saturday morning, and is fur.
nlshed 10 subscribers at the following rates one
cory one year o.; three copies one year, Is; ten
copies one year, tl5; single copies, In Wrappers,
cents.
National Republican., 1873-02-10
TIE SEWING MACHINE LOBBY.

We called attention few days ago to the
fact that the sewing machine interest Is at
the present time represented by powerful
lobby, which Is endeavoring to obtain from
Congress renewal Of their patents, which
are on the eve Of expiration. The Cincinnati
Gdsette, In an article or the subject, says
"a thing more potent for Congressional corrup-
ton than the credit mObilier, and whose success
means vastly greater robbery Of the public Is
now laying Its plans to capture Congress- Ii Is
now time when the stable eau he locked before
the horse Ia stolen. We mean the combination
OF sewing machine manufacturers, whose prin-
cipal patents are about to expire, aud which Is
now laying Its plans TO lobby their renewal
through Congress. Vast fortunes have been re-
allied In these patents, and they have been used
70 make the American people pay twice a. much
Tor machines as the same companies sell their
machines for In England. But not satisfied with
this, the enormous prOnt they have made Ia now
combined to work through Congress their extern
sion. The extension Of these patents, or Of any
one OF the numerous patents Of auxiliary parts,
with which they are all combined, would be so
unJustinable an extension OF a rich monopoly
that II should be taken as evidence OF the cOrrup-
ton OF any member that votes for II, or becomes
an attorney for II, and Of any Oficer OF the Gov
efnment who cOuntenances IT,
National Republican., 1873-02-10
BOARDING.

ID ROOMS, in q good locality, convenient to the
Executive DcpartiIlcnts ApIly Ut fl6 Twelfth
street. tctwerr aud streets northwest gelE5n
National Republican., 1873-02-10
nm wEEKLY REpunLIcAN

Twenty Ave cents per line Advertisements under
the head OF For Sale or Rent Wanted . Lost and
Found" and Personal" twelve aud half cents yer
National Republican., 1873-02-10
NrM Ynnr E.hrnarrI

WV fVhh' FEBRUARY !, lhIs
The Secretary Of the Treasury having concluded
with Mcssrs. JAY COOKE 4 co, representing
Messrs. n. NJ. Rothschild 4 Sous, Jay Cooke
McOulloch Co. and themselves; and Messrs. Nor
ton Bliss Co, and DreNel. Morgan 4 Co, rrpre.
Senting Mcssrs. Barring Broa 4 Co, j. 4. Morgan 4
Co, Morton. Ross Co, and themselves, 4 contract
for the negotiation Of tho remaining Five PER cent
Bonds Of the Funded Loan Of the United States;
the undersigned prepared TO receive applications
at par and accrued inlereHt for any part OF
National Republican., 1873-02-10
EA.

MAN DARN TEA,
tl Pure, hpalthful and fragrant mime. Deinorest
prest ". 4, Co, KS broadway, New York; sold by
Mrs Wheriock, slJ street hOrthMcst, and George
kUydsn, ~ fcurand .ahali street northwest; at
Wholesale and retail by MnH. Weaver, islJ Tenth
street nUrthwcst lr!cC, il.hJ pound, or . pounds
by niAt. Ur altf
National Republican., 1873-02-10
$3OO,O0O,O
United States Five Per Cent.
FUNDED LOAN.

PhINcIrAL rcdecmablc AZ Tar after May |, issI, in
United States Gold Coin Of the present. standard;
interest payable quarterly in United States Gold
Coin, aud both PTinciIa and Interest exempt from
taxation. whether under Federal, State, Municipal
or Local authority
As authorized by acts Of Congress, approved July
II, 1870, and January -, ISL.
The Proceeds Of these bonds are 20 be Ap-
piled to the Redemption and CancelIa-
iion Of United States Five-iwenty
Bonds, ~ Provided In said Acts.
National Republican., 1873-02-10
VALUABLE LOT AND ELEGANT RESIDENCE
MERCHANT TAILORING.
H. kOPPEL.,

having been burned out at the recent FIRE at the
National theatre has taken parlors at No bOa Four
tecnth street. opposite wiArd's hotel where he will
be Pleased tn all his former friends and custom.
eTa fehI.tf
National Republican., 1873-02-10
LOST AND FOUND.

LOST AND FOUND.
I OST-BANK BOOK-No. SS,s2i, EUTAw
- SAYINGS BANK, Baltimore. Finder please
leave at ~. James Hotel. fes,aawlW
I UsS OF LAND WARRANT.-MILITAR
- BOUNTY LAND WARRANT, No ba,7l9, for
lto acres act of 1885, issued to Abraham W BGttin.
honne, private In the lllinnin militia, Black Hawk
war aud by him assigned To Calvin \, pcnnell aud
fuTwar,led TO J. H. Heron, q Washington, b. O.,
for the purpose Of substituting the for Cancelled
wafrAnl No. 6aO57, located By said Prnuell said
warrant was igrwardrdb by said II Heron TO Com.
said commissinner saws In his letter Msrsh Il isiS
"that the kAid warrant was not received" The said
Calvin s. Pennell intends making Application to the
UImpIiesiOner Of tensions for the issue Of dupIi.
=, II. HEBRON,
ja2sTu6w Attorney foftaiyin 4. Pcnnpn
National Republican., 1873-02-10

Largest Circulation ar Any
Morning Paper In the Dis
trlct OF Columbia.
National Republican., 1873-02-10

GEORGE BERGLING,
Merchant Tailor,
No. l8lt { street betwcn Thirtecnth and -Four.
teenih streets, south side,
Has Just received very lange stock of IMPORTED
FALL AND WINTER DRESS GOODS, and is pre-.
pared to warrant a perfect 1T at LOWER PRICES
than any other establiahmont In or Ontside OF the
city.
GOODS mh19lf Z
National Republican., 1873-02-10
RATES OF ADVERTISING

Mail subscribers, $500 rcr year; sLOO for sH
onths, and f2OO Tor three months, invariably In
advance.
National Republican., 1873-02-10

Applications will also be received by JAY COOKE
co. aud First National Bank, Warrington, from
whom the forms may be procured,
National Republican., 1873-02-10
EVERY MORNING
Sundays eHccrtedJ
ny W. MURTAGH

Nuuu.u.I .n1urr Of Tenth aud d streets,
tFrpItinE pcnusy ylyHuia aycnueJ
sud Ia fUtu.shed 10 Subscribers ,hy Cauicrs) al b.
cents per mouth
National Republican., 1873-02-10
PERSONAL

lIO Onn TO LOAN ON GOOD REAL
hNe years, and In sums of sbo1 10 4iO,Up
ros7,o,coa NJ ~ koHRER,
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04
Current Notes.

We do not believe the people generally de-
sire their representatives to live meanly OF
extravagantly. They desire them to pursue
the middle course. They objected to the in.
crease of salaries by the Forty-second Con-
gress, not so much because it took hundred
thousand dollars more or less from the public
Treasury, but because it was vitiated by a
breach of public trust in increasing the pay
for work already done, That disgraceful act,
however, cannot legally be changed.-Euening
Post.
The New York Commercial says that zone
by one the Liberal brethren show signs of re-
pentance and return to the fold. Two of
them yesterday gave in their votes for Mr.
Blaine, in preference to being longer led
hoodwinked by their Democratic allies"
The editor of the New York Mail, writing
from Washington, thus alludes to Speaker
Blaine:
Fortunately, Mr.. Blaine has so discharged
the duties of his Office for four years past,
that both the House and the country have
come to honor him for brilliant qualities of
intellect, for his general adherence to Justice,
and for his love Of fair play. Probably since
the time when imperious Henry Clay ruled
the House with rod of iron or moved it
with his eloquence, no Speaker has shown
greater diversity Of valuable gifts than Mr.,
Blaine. May he live up to the highest esti-
mate of his best friends.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

Mr.. ORToN, President of the Western I'm
Ion Telegraph Company, has recently written
letter to correct Certain reports which have
been published in reference to the business of
that company, and teleeraphing in general
Evidently his purpose is to meet some of
Postmaster General Creswelrs statements
relative to the purchase and operation of the
telegraph lines of the country by the govern
ment. He first states that all the telegraphs
operated in Europe by government are near
ly operated at loss, the aggregate receipts
being million dollars less than the expendi-
lures, which have to be met by taxation.
He further declares that the average cost per
message in Europe is greater than the average
cost in the United States, lie denies the
statement that the lines of the Western I'm
ion could be duplicated for $12 ,0OO,O 900, but
instead of informing the public OF the amount
that it would cost, he says that the British
Government has recently paid over $4,000
OOO in gold for less telegraph property than
the Western Union owns. MI. Orion also
takes occasion to deny the oft published state
ment that the stock of his company has been
watered up to three and half times the
real value Of the plant" and says that the
wafer it once contained has been "squeez-
Gu ou'' by the acquisition of $4,000, 900
worm VI property the last seven years, so
tnat tne present capital does not greatly ex-
ceed' II at ALL the amount expended to pro-
cure the property. He declares that the
proposition Of the Postmaster General to re-
duce the cost of telegraphng is idle. since II
costs more than half the present rates to no
the running expenses, to say nothing Of in.
terest on the capital.
As the subject will attract much public at
tention during the session of Congress, Mr..
Orton's statements are worthy of notice.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04
STATE NEWS.
ANDRoscoGGIN COUNTY.

ANDRoSCoGGIN COUNTY.
The Journal says Messrs L. B. Knight &
Co., pickle manufacturers in Auburn, are pack.
ing about 300 barrels of pickles this season.
They sell at from $13 to SIS per barrel
The Journal says on Monday, Mr. Parsons OF
East Turner, while dressing a COW, found in
the lower part of the br'sket of the animal, a
large shawl pin, nearly three inches in length,
1t had not injured either the appetite or growth
OF the beast, however, for she dressed off seven
hundred and eighty-nine pounds.
A farmer reports that in his kitchen, in Lew
lston, Monday, the mercury nineteen de-
grees below zero. That's the kitchen that is
colder than all out DOORS"
CUMBERLAND COUNTY
A correspondent of the Journal writes: The
Oriental Powder Co., whose mills are situated
at Gambo, on both sides of the Presumpscot
River, and consequently in the towns of Wind
ham and GOrham, have closed, for repairs, its
mills situated on the GOrham side of the river.
KENNEBEc COUNTY.
Teams now cross the Kennebec River from
Chelsea to Hallewell with safety.
PENoBscoT COUNTY
Last Wednesday,, as Mr.. Leighton of Levant,
was crossing the pond at Kenduskeag, the ice
gave way under his team, letting the horses
and sled loaded with flour, corn, ETC., into the
water. The alarm was given and q crowd
soon collected who resc ued the horses and re-
covered the GOODS.
The Hibernian Dramatic Society in Bangor,
in aid of the Fair for the Sisters Of Mercy, is
drawing large houses.
A sleighwas overturned in Bangor Tuesday
evening, and the occupants, lady and gentle
man. were thrown out and badly bruised, but
the latter chung to the reins and stopped the
horse.
sAGADAHOC COUNTY.
press Correspondence
The house of DR.. Smith of Richmond, was
burned Tuesday night. The fire was supposed
to have taken from an exploded lamp, but no
one was In the house at the time the fire burst
out Insured for $2100. Loss above insurance
$1,000 to $500.
IN GENERAL
The E. & N. A. Railway Co., have built be-
tween four and five miles of snow fences the
past season. two and a half miles of which
have been put up at exposed places on the Pts
cataquis branch.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

KITTERY NAVY YARD.-The United States
steamship Plymouth was taken into the dry
dock Tuesday and repairs on her are to be push
with all possible dispatch. The new boilers
lave been placed in the Speedwell, and she will
be in sailing trim in a short time. Lieutenant
Duran has been ordered to command her. The
new third class steamer Marion was to have
been launched Wednesday but it was postpon-
ed on account of the storm. Work on the yard
is quite brisk in all the departments save that
OF yards and docks. L.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04
News and Other Items.

Colorado's gold and silver crop this year is
estimated at five millions.
1t has been discovered that November, 1873,
was not the coolest November of the century
but the coolest for thirty-rix years.
DR.. Weed, a Schenectady IN. Y y abortion
list. has been sentenced to six years and four
months in Clinton prison.
An Illinois paper speaks of the 'Indepen-
dent-anti-monopoly- democratic reform farm
rs'-movement-party.
Cincinnati calls on Chicago. to beat coro-
ners jury's verdict of Suicide while laboring
under much alteration of mind.''
1t is reported that Gen. Banks eldest daugh-
ter is engaged to be married to Ex-Governor
Warmoth of Louisiana.
Thomas Allen is anxious to fight Mr.. Ho.
gan again, and really appears to believe that
he can whip Mr.. Hogan in thirty minutes.
Frank Walworth, the parricide now in Sing
Sing, is not only i'll but is getting worse, and
one physician says he cannot live year longer
in his present confinement.
George Alfred Townsend succeeds James w
Knowlton, deceased, as Washington correspon-
dent of the Chicago Tribune, Cincinnati Com
mercial and Missouri Republi can combination
and takes Colonel Hilton's place as correspon-
dent of the New York Graphic.
Mr.. William Merritt. for twenty eight years
in the service of the Boston and Maine Rail-
road. IS mentioned to fill the vacancy in the
dictatorship, caused by the death of Mr.. Cyrus
Wakefield.
The Kennebec Journal gives the following
fer the benefit of business men: "Here is an
an answer to the question, does advertising
pay? gentlemen went into business in this
city, and at the time of beginning his sales
amounted to but five dollars day. He adver-
tised, and before the close of year his cash
sales amounted to thr9y dollars day."
Hazing at Vassar partakes of none of the
harsher features of the ceremony as conducted
at the barbarian institutions of learning in the
country. Instead of jumping over precipices,
the SophomOres receive their younger sisters
with flowers, music and dancing. Punch
bowls filed with lemonade are plentifully sup
piled in the ball room, and under the influence
of this enticing beverage the girls hug and
kiss the neophyte until she is quite overcome
with emotion.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

Mr.. Cox introduced the question of
Louisiana seat into the House yesterday, thus
interfering with the call of the States, which
prevented Mr.. Hale from presenting the new
salary bill. Mr.. Butler, not B. F., but the
furnished one from Tennessee, objected to
the bill afterwards offered by Mr.. Kasson,
when its acceptance required unanimous con-
sent.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04
A BOOK FOR EVERY mAN.

THE tSCTENCE OF LIFE, OR SELF PRES
ERVATION," Medical Treatise on the Cause and
Cure Of Exhausted Vitality, Premature Decline in
Man, and Nervous and Physical Debility, Hypochon-
dria, Impotency Spermatorrhea Seminal Weak
ness, and other diseases arising from the errors Of
youth the indiscretions CT excuses of mature
years. This is indeed book for every man. Thou
sands have been taught by this work the true way
health and happiness. 1t is the cheapest and besi
medical work ever published, and the only one on
this class OF ills worth reading 19cth edition. revs-
&c, much enlarged, illustrated, bound in beautiful
French CLOTH Price only 81. Sent by mail, post
paid, Oh receipt of price. Address PEABODY MED.
ICAL INSTITUTE, No. Bufnch street, Boston
Mass, OF DIR. W. H. PARKER, Assistant Pbysieisnu'
N. b. The author may be consulted on the above as
well as all diseases requiring skill and experience
W1r3lsneod&W1Y
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04
MARINE NEWS.
PORT OF PORTLAND.

PORT OF PORTLAND,
Wednesday, Dec. 3.
ARRIVED.
Steamer Franconia Bragg, New York-passengers
and mdse to Henry Fox.
Sch Caspian Stewart, Salem for Millbridge.
Sch Lucy Wentworth. Robinson, Calais for New
Sch J H Deputy. Mcmahon. Bath for New York.
Sch Medtord, Orne, Winterport for Boston.
CLEARED.
Sch Olive Robinson. Beers. Jamaica-master
Sch Odell, Winslow. New York-Buuker Bros.
Sch Duke of Newcastle, Knox. St John, NB-John
Sch Scotia, (Br) stulwel, St John, NB--John Port
eous.
IRON OUR CORRESPONDENCE
BOOTHBAY Nov 3O-Ar sch Nonpareil, Sim.
mons. Boston for Sedgwick.
Dec lar, schs C6alledony. ingalls,, Machias for
PEe Calais ten and
LUBEC, Nov 20-Ar. sch Clara Jane, Garrison,
SD 18th, sch Addie Ryerson Pike, (from Hillsboro)
Master Sargent, Of Yarmouth, is building ship of
11Oo tons, to be of next June, and the Blanchard
Brothers are getting an oak frame for ship of 22O0
vessels are to be built By Hatchns Stubs. a and
Giles Loring s. Co, for parties in Portland.
lFRoM MERCHANTS EXCHANGED
Ar at Cardenas 24tb nit, sch Paos Shackford, from
portland.
Ar At Matanzas 2sd ult, brig Geo Burnham, Sta
pies, Portland.
MEMORANDA.
Ship s F Hersey, of Bangor, from Cardiff with 1000
tons coal has harrived at Montevideo with about S00
tons burnt. The barque Titan has also arrived with
cargo on fire.
Sch Lizzie Webster, Leet. Gate Grahaml from Ma
tanzas 10Th ult for Bristol RI, with molasses, was
dsmasted in gale the goth and was abandoned at
sea- I he crew have arrived at wilmington.
Sch Croton Parker from Calais tor New Haven,
with lumber before reported ashore at Falkland's
Island has been hauled of and towed to New Haven.
Her masts are out, keel gone, and is full of water
Sch Snow. of Thomaston, from st George for
Boston, with slate and wood struck on York Ledge,
crew pulled to Portsmouth In their boat.
DOMESTIC PORTS.
san FEANClsCo SsM 25th, barque Columbia,
FERNANDINA-Ar oath, sch Emma McAdam,
Murch. New York,
25Lh sch Eta Barter. Barter, do.
PENSACOLA-Sld 22d, brig Morancy Small, tor
sATiLLA NfILLs-Ar 2stb, sch Agnes, Hodgdon.
GE0RGEToWN, sC-cld 25th, barque Clara E
caAsEsToSA asiS Sup Emerson Sears
SID 2sth; brig Abbis Watson, Hooper, New York;
Ar list, sch Nettie. from Rockport.
BALTi IsS p,. 10th, sch e j Simmons, Har
rtDgt0n. James River,
Cd 10Th, sch Crescent Lodge, Allen, Providence.
,PHILADELPHlA-Cld Goth ult, ship Templar,
OBrien, Antwerp.
CID lst, sch Ella Brown. Robinson, Boston; Baga-
Port Spain. ~ p
Ar at Delaware Breakwater I'd. brig Mary Mari
ner, Low, from Matanzas, for orders
NEW YORk-Ar LIST, baraue Neversink on, GIBBS
New Bedford; brig Geo Gichrist, Thompson. Fort
land; schs Sewall, Low. Port Caledonia; VIM
Green, Tracey, and Margie, McFadden Windsor Ms:
Auflana, Bailey. Gardiner, Alaska. Thorndike and
Hannibal, from Portland; Lunet, Kinds, and Com
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

WE do not read anonymous letters and commune
cations. The name and address ofthe writer are I'm
all cssesndspensab e, not necessarily for publication
but as guaranty of good faith.
Wscannot undertake to return or reserve com
municaIlons that are not USED.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

AN ASTOUNDING EXHIBITION good
citizens OF Fryeburg have lately been favored
with one of the most remarkable exhibitions
ever seen Big mortal eyes. Indeed the ent. I.
prise of its protector IS something quite as
founding. Time and space are overcome, the
uuities done away with, and the remote past
and far future pictured in grand series of
doramic tableaux and comic allegory." Among
these are ''the birth of Christ" death on the
pale horse" "the Israelites crossing the Red
Sea" "the last Judgment" "Adam and Eve
driven from the Garden" &c. "These views"
the manager informs us in his printed circular,
being photographed direct from nature on the
spot, are necessarily strictly accurate to the
minutest particular" The tickets of admission
to this truly wonderful collection of paintings
are placed at the low price of % cents
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

COMMENTS ON THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGE
The Boston Journal says: 1t may not be a doc
ument of great literary finish, but it grasps its
way, and makes the Presidents recommended
tons with regard to them thoroughly under
stood, if not approved. by the American people.
The tone is that of patriotc state man, who,
carefully eschewing all display or affectation of
omniscience about public affairs, is anxious on
ly to communicate right views to Congress, or,
at all events to stimulate that body to benefi-
cent legislation, whether his own suggestions
are taken or not.
The Boston Globe closes its notice as follows:
Taken altogether, the Presidents message is a
very able State paper, stating, as it does, ques-
tons of present moment, ia which all parties
are interested. In its outward appearance, it
shows signs of hasty preparation; but in com
ing down to the level of the people with pru-
dent, sensible suggestions, it is paper which
compares advantageously with more preten-
tlous and better worded messages of the past.
The Portland daily press., 1873-12-04

THERE is some excitement in Eastern Prus-
STA, growing out OF the prosecution of the
Archbishop of Posen for violation of the
State laws for the appointment of priests, and
it is reported that the city has been declared
to be in state of siege. Posen is town Of
about fifty thousand inhabitants, and was
once the capital of Poland. The resistance
of the State by so large community, will
naturally attract much interest,