davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
The Great English Circus.

HoWes' Great London circus. with
its magnificent paraphernafia, and
Sanger's English Menagerie of trained
animals, and the grand triumphal pro-
cession, are to appear in this town on
Thursday, July 18th.
..This is the English troupe Of eques-
trians Of whose stupendous outfit SO
much has been said in the New Y ork
papers. The great attractions of the
company are the costliness and mag
nificence of their equipage, the beauty
of their horses, performing hyenas,
tigers, Ieopards and zebras their rare
animals, such as a horned horse, brin-
bled gnu, polar bear, &c, being the
most splendid of their kind ever i'm
ported. Besides these their eques-
trian. troupe, comprises most ofIthe
conspicuous talent of thei old world,
introducing variety of novelties in
the ring. The, clowns are all very
dro1l-entireIy different in their style
of dress and humor from what we
have been accustomed to see. The
riders, among the most prominent of
whom are Mile DOclfill, the lady
who rides, without saddle or bride at
a fearful gait, and William Morgan,
the champion hurdle ride. The new
French clown, Kenhebal, is said to be
funniest that ever entered the ring,
and yet never says anything. They
call him the wittiest and most original
of langhihg philosophers. This is his
FIRST season in America. They bring
with also number of experts in the
seIenceaf wild beast training among
them an African who exhibits his
mastery over a den of twelve striped
hyenas; another, named rMoloch,
tussels some half dozen royal Bengal
TIC ers all let loose upon him at once.
Also five Performing Elephants. The
York Globe gives the following des-
cription of the grand pageant of the
eompany's entrance into the city
"We must not omit to mention the
great procession of the English troupe
as it enters the city on the paorning OF
ekhibi tion. Anon g ol her Fehicles it
contains Eve chaliots ofiihlmsnse di-
mensions, superbly adorned in golden
carvings, and decorated with banners,
classical ailegories, rich paintings, &c,
These chariots are, drawn, by teams oi
the finest stock Of horses ever hitched
together, besides team eot four wild
zebras, the first ever broke to harness,
In the procession is likewise intro
duced a cavalcade composed of fifty
performing or ring lhoFses in rich
trappings, mounted by members ol
the company, representing knights ip
steel armor, ladies superbly costumed
attended by men-at-arms, heralds,
pages, squires, &c. The grand pageant
occupies nearly one mile In length
presenting, while in motion, blaze OF
Furnished gold, and polished steel
extending as far as the eye can reach.
There can be no doubt that this is tht
grandest 9shoW" that wall be out thii
season, and that their huge tent, Gov
ering an acre of groknd will be tillet
both day and night. .-j ...s,.l 44o I
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

ATTEMPTED SUICIDE.-On Saturday
afternoon last case of attempt at
suicide occurred short distance west
of this village which, came near prov
ing fatal. Mrs. Sada Russell who is
now living at the house Aofs hel. step
father Mr.. John Udali, while laboring
under intense mental excitement
caused by domestic troubles. took a
heavy dose of Morphine which moth
ing but the most prompt measures
prevented from causing fatal results
From what we can learn we infer that
Mr.and Mrs. Russell had not sustained
the most pleasant relations for some
time past and being unable to longer
bear with his ungoYernable temper
Mrs. Russell had left him and taken
up her abode with her mother, Mrs.
Udall. In the separation, Russell re-
tanned possession of the Oldest child.
On the day referred to, her maternal
solicitnde for the child, together with
the remembrance of threats made by
the husband saused her in a moment
of frenzy and regardless of consequen-
ces to seek relief in an overdose of
morphine, of which there was guam
tity on hand.-GdYTettsUiHe Journal
LOOK for bargains generally, at
BEATTY's.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
T ApoIlo Ciub Concert.

THE Goncart given by the Appollo
Club Of Akron, at Reeds Opera House
on Monday es ening for the benefit OF
our new Grace Church, called out q
very large and fashionable audience,
but no larger than the occasion and
the character OF the entertainment
really merited. The programme was
we'll selected and the several parts
were executed with the most exquisite
taste and skill. Altogether it was one
of the most refined musical treats
ever given in our town. The flute
playing of Mr.. Baker is simply unap-
preachable, and the familiar airs so
elegantly delineateG brought down
the house. We do not believe the
title given him, ''the best American
fiutist" is overstated. The piano
playing is bordering on the marvel
Gus. and is too deep for general ap-
probation, having had three years
Instruction of the best tsmasters ING err
many, including the king of pianists,
Liszt. The choruses with the elegant
sopranos of Mrs. Perkins, Miss Alice
Wright, Mrs. Baker, and Miss Grace
Perkins, the contraltos of Miss Barber
Mrs. Taylor and Mrs. Colson, the
glorious. bassIof Messrs. Clark, Inger-
soil and McNaughton, under direction
of Prof, Sigel, are sublime,
In making the engagement to sing
in RaYenna the Club were to receive
$50 aRdltheir expenses. But sympa--
thizing with the people of Grace
Church in their endeavors to build a
place of worship, generously donated
the $50 for that purpose. Should they
ever visit us aguin they can be assured
of warm reception.
It may be interesting to the ladies
and gentlemen who attended the Con-
cert, to learn the difficulties which
Mrs. Perkins was obliged to overcome
in order to be here upon that occasion.
Being in Cleveland Monday, she went
to the Euclid Avenue ldepo to meet
the afternoon Express train south,
and being the only passenger at the
statlon the train did not stop. There
upon Mrs. P. chartered a carriage,
drovelthree miles to the sofffee OF the
Supetintenaent and obtainea 3 per-
nit to ride on frieghttrain to Hud-
son, was obliged to take another
freight train to Akron, arriving there
just in time to step upon the train for
Ravenha, which the othermenBers of
the Club were already aboard of. IN
der the circumstances her singing was
Wonderful and she fully met the ex-
pectations of our citizens, who were
already aware, of her reputation as an
accomplished soprano.
Look at the best stock Of Trunks at
BEATTY's.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

AN ELEGANT MoNUMENF.-On Sat-
urday last Messrs. Jones Sc Osborn,
marble and granite dealers of this vii
lage, erected upon the lot of Isaac
Phelps, Esq, in the Ravenna ceme-
terry, an elegant monument of grey
Scotch granite, of splendid pattern,
and artistically executed. The base is
three feet three inches square, with a
round column, sixteen inches in di-
ameter, surmounted by an urn. The
inscriptions are of Gothic letters fine
ly carved and gilded. 1t cost about
seven hundred dollars, and is pro-
nounced by the best judges 10 be one
of the finest monuments in the county.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

3 Cow KILLED. By L1eHrNiSd5-On n
Wednesday morning of last week a
valuable cow belonging to Mr.. Homer
Mills of Nelson was killed by light
ming. The fluid struck an ash tree
and divided into ssRen different cur
rents, one of which passed to a maple
tree obout two rods distant, running
down its trunk, and striking the cow,
killed II, Fortnnatelg MI, Mills
had recently insured his stock, and
will consequently recover S45 for the
loss of the animal GAIA.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

AMONG the most interesting per-
formances on the Fourth were the
exercises of the firemen, who squirted
a large amount of water upon the
streets to CRAFTY the curiosity of the
crowd. Wouldn't if have been as
well to have s'placed it where it will
do the most good"-in the Etna House
or Water-Cure cisterps? +? About
year ago it was regarded as a gross
outrage to supply these institutions
with little water; while now it is
perfectly proper at the close of rainy
season to empty the reservoir upon
the streets.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

GAS LIGHTs.-The Gas Company
being desirous of having grand illu-
mination ON the completion of their
works, request us to state that all per-
sons making application for gas-fit-
ting, pipes, and meters, (conl-
plete within ten days will be allowed
a reduction of five per cent. on pub
lished rates, We would earnestly
urge our citizens to come forward and
lend their aid to an enterprise which
will make US like unto a city whose
light is not hid. 81
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

Our community was startled on
Tuesday morning blythe report that
Homer Lee had commiftedsuicide by
shooting himself while passing along
the street at about seven O'Clock. The
particulars as near as we can learn are
as follows:
The deceased who has been engaged
in nsmanufacturing brick at this place,
had taken a contract to furnish the
quantity required in the construction
of the new M. E. Church. These he
lad conmenced delivering. but for
some reason the brick were not suf-
ticiently, burned and the contractor
would not accept them. He offered
to use a pert of them however at a
reduced price. ~
The loss which he thus sustained,
and perhaps weakness and detection
caused by recent affair of which we
have previously made mention, were
more than he could endure and. caused
him to resort to self destruction.
After being informed on Tuesday
mofnfng thattheIb brick would not be
accepted he gave directions respecting
the wagons which had not been un-
loaded and remarking that hewas not
well, left the vicinity of the new
building and started in the direction
of town. When opposite the east
side of S. S. Beecher's Residence, two
small boys who were near. saw him
draw pistol and after first placing
it to his forehead he put the muzzle
against his head back of the right ear
and fired. As he fell he exclaimed.
Boys, have shot myself accidentally |
He was taken to the house of FL. f.
Daniels near by, and after a partial
examinatiOh OF his wound, he was re-
moved TO his home uear the Baptist
church. He appeared to retain con-
seriousness of what was going on
around him until about ten o'clock
VIXEN he became insensible and died.
at one o'clock p. M, six hours after
firing the fatal shot. He leaves an
only daughter, who was dependent
upon him foresupport.
Mr.. Lee had always sustained q
good reputation and his self destruc-
tion was looked upon with surprise
by those who were acquainted with
him, who can only attribute the act to
disordered' brain,s partially caused,
at least, by the recent attack upon him
by one of his empIoyees.-JOttrn0i.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

THERE was a, large party in attend
ance at the Sh4ersVifIe dance the night
of the 4th. a. prize dance came of
during the evening for purse of So,
to be awarded t. the couple who
should dance the hAgest in a round
waltz. Something Ike dozen couples
entered for the purse but an but two
Withdrew early in TIE contest, These
two couples stuck tO il for over fifty
minutes, when theg consented at the
request of the musicians to call 1t q
draw game and divide the prize.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

FIRE IN PALMYRA.-The tow mill
of Mr.. David G.SDAyis, just eaatot the
center Of Palmy Eas caught fire bet Veen
twelve and one O'Clock on Wednesday
the I'd inst, land was totally destroyed.
The fire caught in the upper story
and had gained such ,headway as. to
render all efforts to extinguish it un-
availing. The origin of the fire is
unknown. The loss is estimated at
fully $1,000, with no insurance.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

A DANGEROUS FALL.-About eight
o'clock on Wednesday morning a
young man named Bsker, carpenter
and joiner, employed on the new
building of Mr.. Andrew Poe, while
walking on the top of the wall, STEP
ped on loose board that had been
placed there. toguard the wall from
the rain, which tipped, letting him fall
distance of about thirty feet to the
ground. The cords about his right
wrist were considerably bruised, his
face scratched and some of other inju-
ries, but fortunately no bones were
broken. .er=s.ls
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
LOOK for Travelling Bags at BEAT


SIDEwALKs.-At. a meeting of the
Council on Tuesday evening, resolu;
ton was adopted instruoting tn e
Street Commissioners that where side
walks hereafter orderedsby The Coun-
Gil, and such as have been ordered and
not put down shall not be constructed
of the material and inAthe manner
prebclibed by the Council, the same
shall be rebuilt by faid Gummission-
fer according to order, at the expense
of the property owners abntting upon
said walk 1uaa4af
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

MAYORS CoURr.-George Bell and
Frederick Cox were brought before
Mayor Robinson ON the evening OF
the Sd inst, and the former was fined
So and costs and the latter 50 and
costs, for being drunk and disorderly.
Thomas Sweet was arrested some
time during the night of the Fourth
and brought before the Mayor the
next morning, who discharged, him
upon payment of cost.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

meeting tO1 the ROFtaEe county medical
Society.
July 81, 1873.
Members convened at THE office OF
DIR. Alcorn, and order was called at
O'Clock p. m, by the. President, DR.
Warrington >t-l>fFi
Minutes of last meeting were read
and approved. rferer.tsf
E DR.. Waggoner presented a case Of
chronic Ulcer of the leg, resulting
from Yaricose. veins. The subject re-
Fceived a general discussion by the
physicians present.
DR.. Alcorn then opened the discus
sion on fractures, showing the special
Importance attached to this class ei
injuries, also the duties of surgeon
and patient, the necessity of cooper
alton of patient with surgeon. He
spoke of the unreasonableness OF
many persons, who demand that the
surgeon shall secure to them limb
as perfect in shape and motion as be-
fore the limb was broken. All the
members present took a deep interest
in the subject and gave it an interest
ing discussion, and suggested that the
subject be continued at the next meet
ing. elg
Essayists- for next meetings, Drs,
EAprlegate and Waggoner. Z
r. astts A. w. ALCoRN, Secretary.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

On Wednesday morning we saw
an exhibition at the Rayenna Book
Store ola pair of prairie dogs in a
neat wire cage, which were received
per U. S.SFxpress from New York, as
a present to Miss Belle, daughter OF
Harvey Baldwin, Esq, of-Streetsboro.
They are lively little dorgs. .
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

HoN. j. D. HORTON spent the brief
vacation of the Constitutional Con-
vention last week at home. lie re-
turned to Columbus. on Tuesday
morning. We are under obligation
to him for a copy of the report of the
Judiciary Committee.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

.io.Aa FEW days ago young man, son
of Mr.. Geo. L, King. living in the
northw estern part of this township,
fell from the roof of his fathers barn
aud received severe injuries, The
particulars of the accident and the
nature of the injuries we did not
learn. We are informed that he is
able to be about again.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

A COLD REcEPTIoN.-Gen. Garfield
came to town on the Fourth to.flrnish
the chin music at the great "Old FASH
ioned" celebration. He wandered up
and down the streets; mounted the
rostrum and commenced his oration,
from which he was driven by the
storm, and took his departure without
being greeted by single cheer from
the crowd in attendance during the
livelong day. Wasn't that the un-
kindest cut of all. = Fgn
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

This course regret to take after building p
as profitable a business as 1 have dnOe IN the
few years have been engaged in business III
Ravanna, but my failing health has prompted
me to take the course l have, as value my
health much more than any profitable business
aud am resolved to retire from any combining
business until ana much improved in health.
All in want of Dry Goods at and below cost
for the present month will save money by inn
proving this grand opportunity.
'fwillitake this occasion to tender my thanks
to all who have favored me with their patron
age, and especially the people of Rootstown and
Vicinity who had for years past patronized NE
and still extepded'theIr friendship and patron
age by following me TO this place To all such I
saw YOU have my heartfelt thanks. This high
esteem can never be forgotten by me,
Messrs. T. L. Parsons aud S. n. Leach, who
are my successors in trade, cheerfully, recom-
mend 70 my CUSTOMERS with their long expert
ance in business they know where to buy cheap
and how to sell cheap,
All having unsettled accounts will obllge me
byl Settling asifast as possible All having due
bills on my store will present the same for pay
meat. l- -.~.--,,,r,, :, -
tf's.i st.'s". N. CONVERSE.
| paxtaDn0 q J,tir l. tSTS
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

IT wes not the poorest NJ. C.s ex-
.clusiYely who took the salary swsg.-
Such exalted patriots as Senators
Sprague, Chandler, Conkling and
Ppmeroy. who count their wealth by
the millions pocketed the miserable
plunder. sd 6t4 .e.aa.4 f
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
LOOK at Colored Straw Hats a
BEATrY's, at soc. Hb

WE paid brief visit to the prem
ises of Mr.. A. Hasbrouck few days
ago, and were pleased to see his fine
berry patches. He has the finest va
rieties of strawberries and raspber-
ries to be found anywhere in this re-
gion. We have not only seen but
tasted, and therefore ought to know.
OF course he finds ready sale for
them. n
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
Ths New 7-3O Gold Loan Bonds
OF TIE
Northern Pacific Railroad.
The first Hationa Bank.
nR RAKErNEA.

krp now selling and IInhes tat:ng gly reeeInHe end
1i5ese han1s 10 th5ir customers and all parties
~ have 1loney s0invesL as the most prOhtabie
" ,-ei ss safe Investment that IS now offered TO
the public e, s.5-,- or ,,,od and re-
sronsibie iinanciers who have fully lnSestlga,
IN the securities uFon which the 1-50 Gold
SSoufs are based cannot doubt the reports Doth
S;.ial and unofficial. heretofore publisneu--
9,an f;r-n,ed as they are by the letters o. suca
S.s.,t, t1ned honorable gentlepae1 as Bas arr
,ss--(sog BrOss. OF Illinois, - w BY an
- others who have recently visited the 49,
Sln-tbTrest Letters just published ana can DC
AZ ~ Es1ing fuli confidence in these seeuTitie,s
80 orr3ered large amount OF the ~ 0cia sl
I-es~ Pond. aud will be pleased 70 sAppi! ~ ~
80 %,1sf,,Tlefs and others who are Qesllous U
Vll & Good safe and Profitable lnS L
~ feeD on hand Bonds Of sloy SS00 anu <; q
90 -i,fcb we exchange for Government ,,9 - -
~ 3s On which interest viii soon cease: tHus ~
Dohi;-f Dol;.f- a handsome profit anu increasing inc
~ highest market price Ior coupons On
,-sfI.srrn Pacific and Government Bonus
N9J.4erest allowed on time deposits.
nfts drawn and cashed on all the pLill1i "a
citlss e,t n 'T Drafts on Engtand Ireland and al
cities in Europe NsDscLARK, Prest-
p WrrreR. Cashier. 49,
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
New eAdYertis' is.

t-i4 =sI=la.a4 -i7 A Cartl.5,5 =s,lis ~ ~ ;
w. c. Lacey and family hereby tender their
earnest and heartfelt thanks to their neighbors
and friends for their many manifestations of
kindness exhibited during the Illness of their
mother, who has lately been removed from
among us by death. laE ll szs53
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

In ralned-every day last week ex-
cept Saturday. The oldest fnhabit-
ant" does not remember when at this
season of the year, we have had such
constant and copious rains. sk III
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
Lath Pine shingIes For Sale

First class I.ath Pine shingles fer Sale cheap.
Enquire of w. r. AICoRN, a few doors east OF
Merts 4 Riddles Carriage Works, or j. C. LONG
at A. S& G. w. Ry. Depot,
WIS sa Sa6.tr
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

WE have been furnished with no
report of the moving match near
GarrettsVille, on Tuesday of lastweek.
We understand that the Acme, manu-
featured by the Raxenna Manufacture
ing company, was one of the compet-
itors and performed most admirably. :
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
SECOND NATIONlII BANK,
OF RAYENNA, o.
U
Designated DepOsitary of the
US.

Designated Depositary of the
US.
Us. Bonds and Securities bought. sold and and
exchanged, at counter at best .ss 20
sfocISs and Bonds, Of all kinds bought ana
solg.on Commission. in New York, or any de-
Iii Hiehsst Market rate for $40 apd 1910
foupons,- Gold, silver, and premium inndS
Of all kinds ..,oi,,al
Drafts drawn and cashed on an the principaA
cities in the United States. na
sight Drafts on England and Ireland anu !.
Eazsaae Tickets to or from those Cities at
New York rates
Reyenue stamps all sizes for sale.
Accounts and Depotfts of Business men ana
Individuals, received on most fayoranie terls el.
and nroITl,3f and liberal treatment guaranteed
Interest allowed on time deposits as may pe
Asfeeu "iO- W.H. BEEBR. Cashier.
GEO. RoBIssoN, President
Sept. 3. 1855. TT
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
New Arrangements.

We will deliver Flour, Chop Feed. and Corr
Meal to any part of the city free of charge tc
our customers. We are selling better Flour fol
less money than any other house in town.
BRADLEY & BARBER.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

FREQUENT rains still continue.
The weather is quite cool for the
season.
THE farmers have commenced har-
vesling their wheat crop.
THE Colorado bugs still hold pos
session of the field.
Ez. FOWLER has started new Ex-
press line. See advertisement.
OUR town Is remarkably healthy at
the present time.
THIS is the season for mad-dogs.
Look out for them.
The mosquitoes are very persistent
in presenting their little bills.
HowE's Circus and Sanger's Menag-
erie next week.
Go to Connolly, Naylor 6 Co.'S. for
your gas fittings.
BRAINERDs have launched a new
awning at their Drug store. The gay
est in the burgh.
THERE are no longer any fears ex-
pressed of drought. The next COM
plant will be something else.
II is of importance that the Compa-
ny know the number of persons who
intend to use gas, to enable them to
order sufficient number of meters.
Dr.. III. T. CLARK and wife will
leave on Saturday to visit friends in
Canada, TO be absent till about the
10th of August. A.4 GlllG4
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10
Patrons of Husbandry.

RAYENNA. GRANGE, No, 50
Meets at Citizens Hall, on the Saturday preced-
ing the full moon of each month. at 80 p. M
God speed the plOw, the grand old ploW,
Who hath fed ali the nations gone,
And may glory as now encircle the ploW,
When thousand years have flown"
Ravenna, July 1st, 1873. s54-y.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

Unity Lodge, No. 1s, f, and A NJ
Meets the second and fourth Mondays of each
Tyrian Chapter, No: 81, r. AM.
Meets the third wednesday of each month, in
Masonic Hall. Phenix Block.
d. G. GOODMAN. n. p.
Il. o. o. F.-Ravenna Lodge, Ne. 65,
Meets every Wednesday evening at Odd Eel
oWs' Han.
Ravenna Encampment, No. 129.
Meets every end and 4th Fridays of each month.
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

e Look at Boys Pants at BfATTr's, al
$780, u .-8ii~lj s. ,al4sIo ,
The Democratic press. [volume] (Ravenna, O. [Ohio]) 1868-1901, 1873-07-10

; LOOK at Roys' Vests at BEATTF'ss at
81, ,25.. - ~ sA ~ GAi