davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
FAN PIoughing.

It is, we think, generally admitted
that all level lands, except high loans
and sandy soils, are benefited rather
than injured by fall ploughing. Lands
ploughed in the fall are prepared to
receive all the benefits which frost,
rain and snow can give them, both in
the way of fertilization and the rem
dering the hard clayey soils loose and
friable. They are also put in the best
possible position to be susceptible to
atmospheric influences, which have
more to do with the fertility of the soil
than most people imagine. The fall is
the most convenient time for the far
mer to plough. His team is in good
condition and he is not driven by work
that must be done. Many soils which
are SO wet and heavy in the spring that
they cannot be ploughed without seri-
Gus damage, are in good condition in
the fall, and if the ploughing be then
done, 1t is so much done on the next
springs work, which always drives.
VI course, steep hillsides, which are
liable to wash badly should not be
ploughed in the fall, but with this ex-
ceptlon, it seems safe to advise the
farmer to ''put his hand to the
plough" and not look back until he
has turned bottom up all the soil he
expects to cultivate next year.-EG.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
Lord HoughtOn On Mill.

The following is the conclusion of
the address of Lord Houghton, Pres
ident of the Social Science Congress
lately held at Norwich
1t seems almost disrespectfuI to
speak now and here Of Mr. John Mill
III the summary manner the occasion
requires. By the side of the sover-
eigns and Legislators who govern the
apparent destinies and mould the ex-
ternal constitutions of states, it is in
teresting to place the names of those
to whom 1t is given to mark the pochs
III the intellectual life and moral histo
ry of nations. Such men must not on
ly be coplous writer's, but by style and
method must r1vet the attention. and
win the conviction of masses of man
kind. Such was the influence of Sam
uel Coleridge on the generation Of
my youth, coloring with his
metaphysical imagination not only
the philosophy but the theology and
even the politics of his time. Such in
my mature age has been the power of
Thomas Carlyle, stamping his moral
earnestnes and rigid convictions of
good and evil on our views of history,
On our estimates Of greatness in men,
on our measure of the worth of
thoughts and things, on our sense of
the functions of language and the du-
ties, of expression. Such in these lat
ter days, has been the place of John
Stuart Mill, IN relation to the logical
faculty, to the higher reason, and to
the bold, critical application of princi-
pies, however distasteiu1 to prejudice,
to fashion, even to the uneducated con-
science. The questions submitted to
the consideration of this society were
IN great part those he desired to see
proved and tested, and though unwill-
ing to attend it's meetings. and confer
ences, he expressed through it's officers
his continual interest in it's work and
his ardent sympathy with it's success.
OF this he could hardly have given a
more signal proof than his expression
of the political value he attached to the
services of our distinguished colleague,
Mr.. Edwin Chadwick, which in the
n ost public manner he estimated as not
only equal, but superior to his own. It
is agreeable to speak of such men to an
audience, the majority of which belongs
to the town of Norwich. [ know no
provincial city adorned with so
many names illustrious in litera-
ture, the professions and public life.
Those of Taylor, Martineau, Austin
Anderson, Opie come first to my recol-
lection, and there are many more be-
hind. And there is this additional
peculiarly of distinction, that these
are, for the most part, not the designa-
tion Of individuals, but of families num-
bering men and women conspicuous in
various walks of life. For one of them
I will ask you to permit me to pass
from the expression of public esteem
to that of private friendship, for one,
who, from sick bed of twenty years,
| still looks out at the world Of action
with a mind interested in all that
affects the well-being of humanity
Harriet Mortiaeou.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
ShceD-kIlI7nU Dogs.

81 would like to keep sheep on my
billy farm" writes correspondent,
"but am afraid of the dogs. Is there
any remedy?" There are three rene
dies: l. If there is a tax on dogs in
your state, see that it is enforced in
your neighborhood. 2. If there is no
dog law in the state, vote for no man
who will not pledge himself to do all
he can to have one enacted. 3. Let all
the sheep men in the neighborhood
form themselves into an association.
Let nothing be done to crafty per-
sonal spite; but if suspicious dog is
found prowling about the farm, shoot
him. Then, if the owner can prove
damages, let the association pay them,
and repeat the process. City and vii
lage dogs must be taught to stay at
home. They are often abused and
half starved, and it would be mercy
to them to give them one good meal of
mutton with liberal allowance of
strychnine in it. The neighbors might
be told that this feast was provided
solely for visitors, SO that they can
keep their dogs at home.
A good plan to adopt is, when a
sheep dies, dress and wash 1T with
water containing few tablespoonful
of crude carbolic acid. It will pre-.
serve the meat for months. Cut it UP
into joints and hang it mp, and you
will always have piece of mutton OF
hand for hungry dog that may visit
you from che city or village or swamp
If 5his work is done Systematically AND
constantly, it will have wholesome
effect. 1t is rarely that a we'll bred
and well-ted dog attacks sheep, and il
is not often that such dogs wander fal
from home at night. Ii there are any
good dogs in the neighborhood, in
form the owners of the fact that you
have set trap for the half-starved
providers from the city, and that they
had better fasten theirs up at night.
In this way no harm is likely to be
done
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
How TO Keep Your Winter AppIes,

The following excellent suggestions
are offered by the Vermont Farmer:
The way that most farmers save their
winter apples is to hole them up, like po-
tatoes orpile them up in cave or cellar.
By this method you lose much valua-
bic time, and lose very many apples
and what you keep over winter are in
bad condition. Apples may be kept in
barrels that are quite open, but The
best and cheapest way is to keep them
III crates or boxes made in the follow
ing manner: The ends or head-p1eces
should be ten Or twelve inches wide by
fifteen or eighteen long. They can be
sawed or split. Nail your boards on
the bottom and sides, leaving places
tor ventilation. Have your boards all
the same th-about three feet.
When you gather your apples from
the trees, put them in these boxes (do
not bruise them) and lay the boxes on
each other in your apple houses. Two
men will handle these boxes with ease.
You can look your apples over in these
boxes at any time with but little labor.
When you are ready to ship, nail a
board over the top and you are ready
In this way you get your apples to
market in good condition and handle
them but once. Keep your house as
cold as possible at all times, without
freezing.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
Death of a Pioneer Mother.
BY W. Ell. C. HOSMER.


One of the stately NATIONS that gave to home
delight,
And with her genial company the darkest day
made bright,
Has vanished from the scenes she cheered, the
friends she loved SO well,
And never fora kinder heart was knolled sad
der knel.
The Church will miss her where in prayer she
had so often knet,
The poor that she relieved whose souls the
keeneSt sorrow felt,
When teavfully, from door to door, were borne
the tidings dread,
" The staff on which We leaned is gone, our
friend in need is deadl'
Endowed with rarest mental gifts, her counsel
oft was sought,
And lessons she impaired well by years of
trial taught
Pride, envy, hate, no dwelling place found in
her noble breast
And children that she gently reared rise up
and call her blest.'
Strength, virtue, fortitude, she hcired from
honest, sturdy sires,
And for the stranger, on her hearth burned
hospitatle fires
With dear husband, gone before, the forests
gloom she dared
And, while the country round was new, his
dark priyations shared.
Why should we weep2 Our fearful loss il her
eternal gain,
And footprints left behind give proof that sh9
lived not in vain;
The wintry mould IS heaped above her cold,
iasensate clay,
But quaf5 her spirit at the fount Of everlast-
ing day.
Community has lost friend, the Church it's
choicest gem,
But mortals should moi Gods decree, in their
blind grief, condemn;
Her mission to this s' shoal OF time is over,
and her deeds
Have ripened into precious grain unchoked
by weeds.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
Piasltin Fruit IRE aS.

whether spring or autumn IS the
best time for planting fruit trees, is a
vexing question. How it may best be
done is of most Importance. Many
think the question of expense settled
by the cost of the trees, yet every man
who does not spend double, triple or
quadruple the cost of the trees in
planting them, is making a great mis-
take.
Nothing that is worth doing at all IS
worth dong SO well as planting fruit
trees. Wherever tree IS to be plant
ed the soil should be enriched to the
depth of at least two feet, and not less
than six feet across. This preparation
should precede planting at least a
month. No raw manure, or other sub
stance liable to ferment, while decom-
posing, should come in contact with
the roots. Don't hesitate to postpone
planting one or two years, in order to
make thorough preparation. This is
the way to get fruit quickly. Apple
trees properly planted often bear in
four years, and pear trees in six; and
they never die prematurely, as do thou
sands planted in the slovenly fashion
that prevails.
The scarcity of trees, for few years
past, has stimulated propagation to an
extent that we fear will lead to low
prices, and this in it's turn to excessive
and careless planting in the future, as
in the past. Let us respect the feel
ings Of our children's children, and in
their interest as well as our own, 'Eturn
over new leaf in the matter of plant
ing fruit trees.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
To Renew Mushroom Beds.

When the mushrooms stop growing,
or rather when the bed is exhausted,
the manure is taken away in as large
Jumps as possible, and very carefully
placed under shed, and every lump
or part of a lump which is full of white,
cottony threads, is placed on board
in dry garnet or other we'll sheltered
place, and is turned over occasionally
till perfectly dry, after which it is
good to use as spawn. The spawn may
be kept for years, if not allowed to get
wet. It is as good after three or four
years as after three or four
weeks. It is very necessary to take the
manure away IN dry weather on &C
count of the spawn, the least Gampness
spelling it; but when it has been ex-
posed to dry atmosphere for day or
two, damp atmosphere does not injure
it.
By making spawn every time a bed
is exhausted and taken away, a good
supply of it can always be had, and of
better quality than what is generally
sold The rest Of the manure, although
not as good as before being used, is
still an excellent fertilizer for garden
crops.
AS soon as bed is removed, another
one may be made in the same place
with new manure, and the longer a
cellar or other place has been used for
such purposes the better mushrooms
will grow, and the more the beds will
yield. The place will be full of myce-
lium, and mushrooms will spring up
everywhere.
1t is easy to have mushrooms all the
year round by making a new bed every
month or oftener, so that when one is
exhausted, another begins to yield, etc.
For the first and second beds made, it
is necessary to buy spawn from seed
dealers, but let it not be mouldy, else
no crop can be grown. 1t should have
strong mushroom smell instead of
mouldy one, as is too often the case.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19

A butcher in German town had an
apprentice living with him, to whom
he gave one day thousand guldens to
pay to a man living In another town
for some cattle that he had bought the
month before. On the afternoon when
the young man started off to pay the
money, he took with him a big and
trusty dog, and in his hand he had a
stick, with heavy brass knob on the
end of it for handle. As he left town,
he felt III his pocket for his purse. and
taking it out, counted it over again tc
see that it was all right. Then he said
to his dog:
"Now, Caasr, if any persons try to
rob us on the way, you must take care
of three of them, and I, with my
big stick, will be able to take care OF
three more"
Caesar, of course, did not say any
thing, but wagged his tail and trotted
along.
Jock-for that was the young mans
name-put his money back into his
pocket, and whistling tune, went off
gayly, too. After going several miles,
they reached a beershop, on the edge
of dark, thick forest, which they had
to go through before reaching the
place where the money was to be paid
for the cattle. Jock thought it best to
spend the night there, and take an
early start in the morning through the
forest, for people had been known to
be robbed in passing through it. Dur
ing the evening, Jock drank a good
deal of beer, and the more beer he
drank the more freely did he begin to
talk. AS the evening grew late, he
said to the beer drinkers around him ::
Gentlemen, I have got in my pos
session a thousand guldens, to be paid
in the town Of l., which lies
through the forest and though it has
been said that robbers are in the forest,
[ would like some of them to try their
hand at getting my money from me-
My big dog, Caesar, can take care of at
least three men, and l am sure, with
this brass-headed stick, I myself can
take care of three more"
All the beer drinkers around him
were struck with Jocks telling his
business so freely; but there was one
man of in the corner who was more at
tentive than anybody else, though he
did not say a word.
The next morning Jock started of
early with Caesar, though he had a
headache, from the beer which he had
drank the night before.
When he reached the middle of the
forest he saw person sitting by the
roadside, who seemed to be beggar,
and who asked Jock for some money.
Jock pulled out few kreutzers, put
them into his hand and marched on as
gsyly as ever. After going a few hun
bred yards, he saw another person by
the roadside, who also asked him for
money +; and so on till he had given to
five or six men, who, to all appearances,
were beggars. He at last met a man
who was we'll dressed, who approached
in pleasant manner.
"Shall we sit down on that bank and
rest, and have little talk together ,
said the strangea to Jock.
.'Oh, no!'' replied Jock, =" have
no time for that [ have thousand
gul6ens in nay pocket, and must hurry
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
Literal ANSWERS.

Boy, may [ inquire were Robin
Certainly, sir" replied the boy,
very respectfully.
"Well, SIR" said the gentleman,
after waiting awhile, where is it?''
& have not the least idea, yer hon
Or, said the urchin
There was another boy who was &C.
costed by an ascetic middle-aged lady
with:
"Boy, want to go to Dover street,"
"Well, ma'am," said the boy, "why
don't you go, then?"
One day at Lake George, a party of
gentlemen stroll1ng among the beauti-
full islands on the lake, with bad luck,
espied little fellow with red shirt and
straw hat, dangling a line over the side
of boat.
Halloo, boy!" said one of them,
" what are you doing?"
Fishing" came the answer
Well, of course said the gentle
man, " but what do you catch 2 +"
Fish what do you s'pose
Did any of you ever see an ele-
plants skin i" inquired teacher of
an infant class.
Il have" exclaimed one.
I" Where 2" asked the teacher.
Con the elephant" said the boy,
laughing.
Sometimes this kind of wit degener
ates or rises, as the case may be, into
punning, as when Flora pointed pen.
s1vely to the heavy masses of clouds in
the sky, saying:
CT wonder where those clouds are
going?" and her brother replied :.
81 think they are going to thunder"
Also the following dialogue:
Halloo, there ! how do you sell
your wood 2"
"By the cord"
Chow long has it been cut 2"
-Four feet.'
II mean how long has it been since
you cut it?"
''No longer than it is now"
And also when Patrick O'Flynn was
seen with his collar and mis- bosom sad
ly begrimed, and was Indignantly
asked by his officer:
Patrick O'Flynn how long doyou
wear shirt ?''
"Twenty eight inches, sir.''
This reminds one of an instance
which is said to have occurred recently
in Chatham street, New York, when a
countryman was DANGEROUSLY besieged
by a shopkeeper
"Have you any fine shirts 2" said the
countryman.
"A splendid assortment. Step in,
sir. Every price and every style. The
cheapest in the market, sir.
Are they clean r.
ITO be sure, sir
"Then," said the countryman, with
great gravity, ''you had better put one
on, for you need it
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD,



The Culp method OF curing tobacco,
says an exchange, as distinguished from
the old method, is described as follows:
It has been customary to hang the cut
plant up by the butt under shed with
the leaves pressed against the stalk.
Mr.. Culp hangs up the plant horizon
tally, so that each leaf is separated, in a
tight house so arranged that it can be
ventilated and heated. Instead Of al
lowing the plant to hang up until dry
enough to use, he takes them down
several times and let's them ferment in
piles, his process being based on actual
chemical analysis Of the elements need
ed to obtain the highest developments
of the good qualities, and the throwing
off the bad qualities found in the plant
when green, or formed during the pro-
cess when curing.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19

Beneath the tall white lighthouse strayed the
In the May-morning sweet;
About the steep and rough gray rocks they
wandered
With hesitating feet:
For scattered far aud wild tbs b irds were ~
ing,
Quiet, and cold, and dead,
That met, while they were swiftly wingng
northward
The fierce light overhead,
And as the ffail moths in the summer even
IngS
rly to the candies blaze,
Rushed wildly at the spIepdor, finding only
Death in those binding rays.
And here were bobolink, and wren, and spar
row,
Yeery, and oriole,
And purple finch, aud rosy grosbeak, swallows,
And kng-birds quaint and drol;
Gay soldier blackbirds, wearing on their
shoulders
Red, gold-edged epaulets,
And many a homely, brown, red-breasted
robin,
Whose voice 10 child forgets
And yellow blrls-what shapes OF perfect
beauty
What silence after song
And mingled with them, unfamiliar warblers
That to Tar woods belong.
Clothing the gray rocks with a mouruful
beauty
BY scores the dead forms lay,
That dashed against the tail towers cruel
windows,
Dropped like the spent sea-spray.
How many an old and sun-steeped barn, far
inland
Should miss about its caves
The twitter and the CLEAN Of these swift swal-
lows
And, swinging mid the leaves,
The orioles nest, now empty In the elm tree,
sud clio ba
And never more these robins make the mead
Ring with their ecstacy.
Would not the gay sWampborder miss the
blackbirds.
Whisting so loud and clear?
Would not the bobolinks' delicious music
Lose something of its cheer?
Yet. thought the wistful children, gazing
landward.
The birds will not be missed;
Others will take their place in field and forest,
Others will keep their tryst;
And we, we only, know how death has met
them.
We wonder and we mourn
That from their innocent and bright existence
Thus roughly they are torn.
And so they laid the sweet, dead shapes to-
gether,
Smoothing each ruf1ed wing,
Perplexed and sorrowful, and bordering
deeply
lie uleaIlUSs VI t1llc llILS.
{Too hard to fathom for the wisest nature
Crowned with the SHOWS OF age)
And all the beauty of the fair May morning
Seemed like blotted page.
They bore them down from the rough cliffs Of
granite
To where the grass grew green,
And laid them meath the soft turf, ali to-
gether
With many flower between;
And, looking up with wet eyes, saw how
brightly
Upon the summed sea
Lay the clear sunlight, how white sails were
shining,
And small waves laughed in glee
And somehow. comfort grew to check their
grieving,
A sense of brooding care.
as if, in spite of death, a loving presence
Filled all the viewless air.
"What should we fear ?" whispered the little
children.
''There is no thing SO small
But God will care for it in earth or heaven -
He sees the sparroWs fall"
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19

SOME of the Paris journals state that
Queen Isabella, at Trouville, on Satur-
day, in attempting to afford help to
her son, Prince Alphonso, when in some
danger of drowning, was herself carried
away, and would have been lost if one
of the bathing men had not saved her.
But the whole story was fabrication.
The eS-Queen was not at Trouville at
the time alleged.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19
Keeping Cabhages Through the Win


"W. R. R." of Michigan writes
"You speak of raising cabbages for
stock. Ell wv do you keep them through
the winter? We have no difficulty in
growing large crops here, but as yet we
have found no good way to keep them. p"
We make deep and wide "dead fur
row" with pillow, in dry, sandy soil :;
and then lay the cabbages it, packed
close together, with the stalks up.
Then throw the earth back on to the
cabbages. The cabbages should be
dry and the weather cold, and care
should be taken that the furrow left on
the side of the row Of cabbages should
be cleaned out, SO as to carry off the
water. If no water gets to the cab
bages, and the heads are sound, large
and hard when put it, we have never
experienced any difficulty in keeping
them perfectly until spring. And there
is nothing that our sheep relish so
much. The only trouble about raising
cabbages for stock is that they usually
command so much more in market than
they are worth to feed OFT, that it is
difficult to resist the temptation to sell
them.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19

IN Golden, COL, an editor wrote
some advice to a newly-married friend,
and was foolish enough to print it.
After his wife had looked over proof
of the advice" the editor felt com
PEELED to add this postscript: 'Have
your hair cut close to the skim"
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1873-11-19

PIUs TX. dresses IL white and scarlet
cloth. His Holiness requires each
year four or five new upper garments.
These cost $500 each. His stockings
cost $3.50 per pair. Each red cloak
costs $3.50. and pair of slippers made
of red cloth with gold border, and
embroidered with a gold cross, costs
s24. the Pope requiring six pairs a
year. In round numbers the Pope's
necessary outfit does not cost him
much ever $4,000 per annum, moder-
ate sum for one IN his position.