Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1873-12-03

The advantages Of such work are too ob.
yious for argument. ! submit the sui iecl
to you, therefore, without further comment.
TRADE WIN SOUTH AMERICA
In attempting to regain our lost commerce
and carrying trade | have heretofore called
YOUR attention to the States south Of the Uni.
ted States, Offering field where much nigh;
be accomplished to further this object.
suggest that small appropriation be made,
accompanied with authority for the Secretary
of the Navy to fit out naval vessel to ascend
the Amazon river to the mouth of the Madeira,
thence to explore that river and its tributaries
into Bolivia, and to report to Congress at It's
next session or as soon as practicable, the &c.
feasibility of the country by water, its re-
sources and the population 40 reached Such
nm exploration will cost but little il can do
no harm, and may result in establishing trade
Of value to both nations.
In further connection with the Treasury
Department would recommend n revision and
codihcatou Of the tariff laws and the opening
Of more minis for coming money with author
ity to coin for such nations as may apply.
NAyy DEPARTMENT
Daring the past year our navy has been de-.
pleted hy the sale ot some vessels no longer fit
Tor naval service, and by the condemnation of
others not yet disposed Of. This, however, has
been more than compensated for by the repair
Of six OF the old wooden ships, and by the
building Of eight new slOops-ot war authorized
by the last Congress.
Since the commencement Of last month.
however, the distressing occurrences which
have taken place in the waters of the Cnrib-
bean sea, almost on our very seahofd while
they illustrate most iorcibly the necessity, all
ways existing, that a nation situated like
81. In,
fciency a Navy adequate TO It's responsibilities,
has at the same time demanded that all the eff
fective force we really have shall be put in i'm
mediate readiness for warikc service. This
has been and is being done promptly and eiiec-
tually, and am assured that all the available
ships and every authorized man of the Amcri-
can Navy will be ready for whatever action is
required for the snioty Of our citizens VI the
maintenance of our honor.
This OF course, will require the expendi-
ture, in a short time, of some Of the appropri-
atoms which were calculated to extend through
the fiscal year, but Congress will, doubt not.
understand and appreciate the emergency. and
will provide adequately not only for the pres
ent PREPARATION, but for the future maintenance
Of our naval force.
The Secretary Of the Navy bias during the
past year been quietly putting some OF our
most effective monitors in condition for service
and thus the exigcncy fnls MS 10 n much bet
ter condition for work than we could possibly
have been without his action
DEPARTMENT Or JusTlcE
Affairs in Utah require your early and special
attention. The Supreme Court Of the United
States IN the case OF Clinton Englebrecht de-
cided that the United States Marshal of the
territory could not lawfully summon urois for
the District Courts aud those Courts hold Tint
the territorial Marshal cannot lawfully perform
that duty. because he is elected by the Lcgisla-
tive Assembly aud not appointed, as provided
for in the act organizing the territory. All
proceedings at law are practically abolished hy
these decisions, and there have been few or ro
jury trials in the District Courts Of that terri.
tory since the last session Of Congress
Property * left without protection by the
Courts and crimes 90 unpublished TO prevent
anarchy there it is absolutely necessary that Con
grc~s provide the courts with some mode Of ob-
tanning jurors and recommend legislation 10
that end and also to the Probate Courts of the
Territories now assuming the issue Of wriis
OF injunction and ha5eas corpus and 10 try Grim.
inal cases and on questions a. 10 the land title.
he denied all jurisdiction not possessed ordin.
arily by courts OF that description
The BANKRUPT LAW.
have become impressed with the belief that
the act approved March ?, 1867, entitled can
act 10 establish uniform system OF hank
ruptcy throughout the United States. 80 is pro-
ductve OF more evil than good ut this time
Many considerations might be urged for its
total repeal but II this is not considered advsa-
BILE, think 1t will not be seriously questioned
that those portions Of said Act providing for
what is called involuntary bankruptcy operate
70 increase the financial embarrassments of the 1
Careful and prudent men very often |
become involved in debt in the transaction orI
their business, and though they may possess
ample property, If it could be made available I
Tor that purpose, to meet all their liabilities. |
yet, on account Of the extraordinary scarcity Of
money, they may be unable 10 meet all their |
pecuniary obligations RS they become due, in /
Of which they are liable to be |
in their business by pro ,eedings in 1
bankruptcy at the instance Of unrelentne |
creditors.
People are now So easily alarmed rs TO mon.
etary matter that the mere filing of a petition /
in bankruptcy By an unlriendly creditor will ]
necessarily embarrass and oitentimes accom- 4
plish the ruin OF responsible business man
Those who otherwise might make lust and /
lawful arrangements 10 relieve themselves frDm
produced by the present stringency
in money are prevented by their constant ex. /
posure 10 attack and disappointment By pro-
leedlngs against them in bankruptcy and be- !
sides, the law is made use Of 10 many cases hy /
nbdurate creditors 10 Brighten OF force debtors .
into compliance with their wishes. and into I
acts Of injustice TO other creditor and TO them
selves recommend that so much Of said /
Act as provides for involuntary bankruptcy IN /
account Of the Suspension Of payment be re- /
pealed.
CLAIMS AGAINST tbs GoyKRNMNr
Your careful attention is invited to the sub /
lect OF claims against the Government and the |
facilities offered by existing laws for their pros
ecution. Each OF the Departments Of State.
Treasury and War have demands Tor many
millions Of dollars upon their files, and they |
are rapidly accumulating.
To these may be added those now pending |
before Congress, the Court OF Claims and the |
Southern Claims Commission, making in the
aggregate an immense sum Most OF these
grow out OF the rebellion and are intended TO
indemnify persons, on both sides. for their
losses during the war and not few of them /
are iabrications and are supported By false tes
timony.
Projects art on foot, tls believed, to in
duce Congress to provide for new classes OF
claims aud to revive old ones through the re.
peal or modification of the statute Of limita-
tons by which they are now barred pre-.
sumo these schemes if proposed will be re- 1
ceiyed with little favor by Congress, and | !
recommend that persons having claims against
the United States cOgnizable by any tribunal |
or department thereof he required 10 present
them at any early day, and that legislation be !
directed as far as practicable to the defeat OF |
uniounded and unjust demands upon the Gov |
eminent, and would suggest as a means OF |
preventing fraud that witnesses be called upon
to appear in person to testify before these tr. |
bunals having said claims before them for adj. |
Indication. Probably the largest saving to |
the National Treasury can be secured by
timely legislation on these subjects of any Of /
the econumic measures that will be proposed.
DEPARTMENT or THE INTERIOR.
The policy inaugurated toward the Indians
at the beginning OF the last Administration
has been steadily pushed, and | believe with |
beneficial results. IL will be continued, with /
only such notifications as time and experience
may demonstrate as necessary with the en-
enactment Of civilization upon the Indian re-
seryations and hunting grounds.
Disturbances have taken place between the
Indians and whites during the past year, and |
probably will continue TO do so until each race |
appreciates that the other has rights which
must be respected.
am now satisfied that a territorial form of
government should be given them, which will |
secure the treaty rights of the original settlers,
and protect their homesteads from alienation |
Tor period of twenty years.
a. COLONIZATION.
The increased and steadily increasing facili- |
ties for reaching our unoccupied public do
in. l..