Eaton weekly Democrat. [volume] (Eaton, Ohio) 1866-1875, 1873-12-11

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| in connection Herewith as in your judgment
will most contribute to the best interests of
| the country.
Affairs in Utah require your early and spe-
cial attention The Supreme Court of the
| United States, in the case of Clinton Us.
Englebrecht, decided that the United States
| Marshal of the Territory could not lawfully
summon jurors for the District Courts, and
| those courts held that the Territorial Marshal
| should faithfully perform that duty because
| he is elected by the Legislative Assembly, and
| not appointed, as provided for in the act or
ganizIng the Territory. All proceedings of
sions, and there have been but few or no jury
| trials in the District Courts of that Territory
since the last session of Congress. Property
| Is left without protection by the courts, and
crimes go unpunished. To prevent anarchy
! there it is absolutely necessary that Congress
| should provide the courts with some mode of
| obtaining jurors and recommend legislation
| to that end; and also that the Probate Courts
| of the Territory now assume to issue writs of
| injunction and habeas corpus and to try
criminal cases, and IN questions as to land
| titles be denied all jurisdiction not possessed
| ordinarily by courts of that description.
| have become impressed with the belief
| that the actsapproved March 2, 1857 entitled
| g An Act to Establish a Uniform system of
Bankruptcy Throughout the United States -
| is productive of more evil than good. At
| this time many considerations might be
| urged for its total repeal but if this is not
considered advisable I think it will not be
| seriously questioned that those portions of
| said act providing for what is called g invol-
| untary bankruptcy" operate to increase the
| financial embarrassment of careful and pru-
| dent men, who very often become involved in
| debt in the transaction of their business, and
| though they may possess ample property, if
| it could be made available for that purpose,
to meet all their liabilities, yet on account of
the extraordinary scarcity of money they may
| be unable to meet all their pecuniary obliga-
| tions as they become due, in consequence of
which they liable to be prostrated in
their busine by proceedings in bank
| ruptcy at the instance of unrelenting
| creditors. People so easily
alarmed as to monetary matters that the mere
filing of petition in bankruptcy by an un-
friendly creditor will necessarily embarrass
and oftentimes accomplish the financial ruin
of responsible business man. Those who
otherwise would make lawful and Just arrange
ments to relieve themselves from difficulties
produced by the present stringency in money
are prevented by their constant exposure to
attack and disappointment by proceedings
against them in bankruptcy; and besides, the
law is made, in many cases, by obdurate credit
ors, to frighten or force debtors into a COM
pliance with their wishes and into acts of in
justice to other creditors and to themselves.
recommend that SO much of said act as pro-
-vides for involuntary bankruptcy on account
of the SUSPENSION be repealed.
The policy inaugurated toward the Indians
at the beginning of the last Administration
has been steadily pushed, and, believe, with
beneficial results. It will be continued with
only such modification as time and experience
may demonstrate as necessary with the en-
croachments of civilization upon the Indian
reservations and hunting grounds. Disturb
ances have taken place between the Indians
and whites during the past year, and probably
Will continue to do until each race appre-
cates that the other has rights which must be
respected. The policy has been to collect the
Indians rapidly possible reservations,
and. as far as practicable, within what
Is known as the Indian Territory, and
to teach them the arts of civilization
and self-support. Whenever found off
hair
and safety of the whites, they have been
punished, and will continue to be for like
offenses. The Indian Territory, south of
Kansas and west of Arkansas, is sufficient in
area and agricultural resources to support all
the Indians of the Rocky mountains. In time,
doubt, all of them except a few who may
elect to make their homes among white peo-
pie, viii be collected there. As preparatory
step for this contamination, 1 am now salts
fed that a territorial form of government
should be. given them, which will secure the
treaty rights of the original settlers and pro-
tect their homesteads from alienation fer a
period of twenty years.
The operations of the Patent Office are
growing to such magnitude, and the sccumu-
lation of material is becoming SO great, that
the necessity for more room is becoming OBJ
vious day by day. 1 respectfully invite your
attention to the reports of the Secretary of the
Interior and Commissioner of Patents on this
subject
The business of the General Land Office ex-
hibits material increase in all it's branches
during the last fiscal year. During that time
there were disposed of out of the public lands
| 13, 039, COG acres, being an amount greater by
| 1855 acres than was disposed of during
| the preceding year. OF the amount disposed
of, ,626 266 acres were sold for cash; 214, $40
| acres were located with military land warrants;
I 3793, ,612 acres were taken for homesteads
| $50, ,446 acres were located with Agricultural
College scrip; G, 1903, $50 acres were certified by
railroads; 765, 756 acres were granted to wagon
roads, 238, ,54S acres were approved to States
| as swamp lands; 1873, 681 acres were certified
for agricultural colleges, common schools,
universities and seminaries; 19O,775 acres
| improvements, and 14222 acres were 10
Gated with Indian scrip. The cash receipts
during the time were So, 4OS, Bib. 80
| being $3.50, 415.50 in excess of the receipts
for the previous year. During the veal
80, ,4SS, 132 acres of public land were surveyed
an increase of the amount surveyed the pre-
| vious year of 1,037, 1913 acres, and, added tC
the area previously surveyed, aggregates 6l6,
554, ,S95 acres which have been surveyed The
| increased and steadily increasing facilities fol
reaching our unoccupied public domain anC
for the transportation of surplus products
enlarging the available field for desirable
homestead locations, thus stimulating settle
ment and extending year by year, in gradu
ally increasing ratio, the area of Occupation
and cultivation.
There was paid during the last fiscal yea
for pensions, including the expenses of dis
bursement, $29, 1876, ,289 62, being amour
less by 1884, ,050.9S than was expended for tn
this statement of expenditures would lndlcat
material reduction in the amount, compare'
with the preceding year, it is believed that tn
changes in the pension laws made at the las
session of Congress will absorb that amoun
the current year. At the close of the las
| fiscal year there were on the pension roll
so, S04 invalid military pensioners and liz 0o
: Widows orphans and dependent widows OF dc
ceased soldiers making total of that clas
of 211 1872; Is, ,266 survivors of the war of 1ol.
and s. 053 widows of soldiers of that war per
stoned under the act of Congress of Februar
IA, 1871, making total of that class of 23, BIS
) 1430 invalid navy pensioners, and LII
widows and orphans and dependent relative
of deceased officers sailors and marines of til
: navy pensioners, of 5000; total of pensione1
S of all classes, 23S, Ali, showing net lncreas
= during the fiscal year of 6.218. The names {
o 1,645 pensioners were added to the rolls, an
b 10 223 names were dropped therefrom for var
! GUS causes. The system adopted for the d!
= lection of frauds against the Government
8 the matter of pensions has been productlN
n of satisfactory results but legislation is nee
g ed to provide, if possible, against the perp
e trating of such frauds in future.
d The ninth census has been completed, Il
II report thereof published and distributed, al
g. the working force of the Bureau disbande
l. The Secretary of the Interior renews his re
e ommendation for census to be TAKE
IS in 1875, to which subject the attenti'
If of Congress is invited. The origin
J. suggestion in that behalf has met with t
10 general approval of the country, and, even