New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1873-07-19
APPLIED SCIENCE.

a
sents no special advantages for freeing wool from
grease. II has no injurious effect on the wool at
from so to 59 aud if it removed after extraction
of the grease by a current of cold air the wool VIII
be soft and not distingshable from that secured
by benzoIe Bat the separation of the blsuiphlde OF
carbon by current Of cold air is too slow ana 700
wasteful of that substance to be practicable on a
large scale: and if steam or warm dry air be en-
Moved for the purpose the increased temperature
renders the wool containing bsulphde less soft ana
pliabe rs clearly manifest inits feel Furthermore
although IL preserves Its color during Jbe operation
IL becomes yellow SHORTLY aitcTWaTd IN comparison
with sample treated by benzole, change tnat can,
moi be explained except rs indicating n chemical
accommodation i'm the wool tibers, since the color
cannot be removed by any solvent OF sulphur, nor
by boiling water.
CURACAO GUAN0.-In external characteristics the
Curacao is very similar to the Baker Island guano'
which indicates a similar mode Of formation IL
makes an easily divided pulverulent mass contain,
ing coarser pulvezable particles with fine scattered
fragments of more or less decomposed coral OnueI
the microscope the powder exhibits "hi'e an"
browush rounded grams often Transparent anu
dom single crystal of phosphate otmaRles'd wv, "i
moua Its chief ugrcdent is basic phosphate u i'o'
with a small amount of carbonate OF hihe' i'S 10Y
ton is slightly alkaline. trc acld c""no'
,octed tbo small quantity Of nitrogen present being
N
aors;,ipg Of a very small amount of nitllc ACID IN
a. s,nnlp fakcs from the top layers numerous ~
mains OF roots of grasses were dlscelhluie ~.
ical ANALYSIS of an ar-d1ied sample gave lhG 4ol5
ing proportional composition InospholC n.y.
gS az. lime 81 7C4: maucsia, 1.125f sesqul-oNlue
of iron 800: potash trace chlOIlde Oh souiIin
$50; sulphuric acid, 1870; caroOhlc aelu, 20
silica, 2lO Insoluulo matter ;'tu' UIsl',lo t f
co. water on diving ut 2l21, 3D. The amount OF
nitrogen was .2jl per cent. Inc amount oi pIoSe
Dhorc acid corresponds TO n per cent phosphate OF
1. a. trpr,o :
Ouauo for the manufacture of supeTpbOsphates'
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES or CONDENSED
MuK.-A frst-class notice is given by Mr. L. J.
Mertain. in paper lately read before the society
Of Arts in Paris. in reference to the comparative
advantages of natural and condensed mix. Inc IN
conveniences of the former according to tins Wrler
are-frst that the quality is very uncertain, oeihg
frequcntly adulterated 10 a great degree; second
that its MATERIAL altered in the transfer from the
producer to the consumer; third, If 1t Is delivered
fresh and sweet il remains so only limited uhe'
since it is well known that milk alters from hour 10
hour for children and sick persons II has not
regular and uniform nOurishing quality; fourth the
milkmen troubethcmselveS very little as TO whether
their milk has been taken from healthy COWS or not,
and whether il is of good quality; large portion
indeed. of that which is furnished in towns and
certainty aud the late period OF the aIrlNaI 9I IIe
milkm n often iuterferes seriously with the break
fast of the family. ,,
milk furnished by established companies are-hlst
that il is pure and OF uniform quality; second tiat
IL is condensed in the country near the place WheIe
il is taken and is in way changed by transporta-
ton: third it does not become altered but remains
sweet for any length Of time, even when the boxes
are left opens fourth for children as well as the IN
finn il constitutes a uniform and regular nutIheht;
he dpnpUdpl
months: fifth, trustworthy company Will always
exercise the greatest care IN taking no MIX except
that which is of good quality and IN gOod cOhqlt0n
ut should be transported IN packages hermeUGaliy
sealed and IN 40 way disturbed: sixth, the mix Is
always az hand at any hour Of day or night, ready
for any domestic use.
FAILURE oFTIIE SYSTEM or SEWAGE IRRIGATION
NJ Lefeldt was commissioned. by the Minister OF
Agriculture Of Prussia, 10 visit England for the pr-
pose Of determining the value of the different sys
tens of utilizing sewage; and he has lately pub
lished report on the subject which IS not encour-
aging in regard to the employment of these sub
stances as manure His principal inquiries were
with reference to the method of sewage irrigation.
He shows that this. instead Of being matter Of
profit is actually the cause Of considerable loss ana
he quotes the statements of experts TO the effect that
not a single sewage farm in England is worked to
advantage. notwithstanding all calculations as to
tonal 10 expect anything but loss, even though the
sewage itself may possess considerable manurial
value
In examining into the Edinburg irrigation mead
ovs. Mr.. Lefeldt ascertained that, if the sewage
water is allowed to flow upon the land until two
days before moving the growth is found to be most
luxuriaut with the single drawback that cattle re-
tse 10 eat the grass. The capillary tubes for some
inches above the roots are found to be filled with
upassrilo+ed focal matter, It was also ascertamed
that AT a considerable distance from sewage farms
when the wind IN the proper Girectl0n, the en-
anatiOns were extremely onehslSe Ie9ulluh y 4ous
exnarience to become accustomed TO them. In ceI-.
tain localities where the sewage s qlsintected with
carbcc acid previous TO irrigation, there was less
'oomplaint of offensive efuYla, ana tnls Is CoHse
onentlv suggested rs a suitable preliminary tred-
mi According 10 the calculations of NJ Lefeldt
an acre of land should not receive the secfetons OF
more than from 20 to % persons On TINS scale Lon
don would require farm OF l5VOOO acres 10 utilize
Inc difficulty of irrigation with sewage lies in the
fact that the qualification and economical Application
GENERALLY 90 together PUrlhcatlon alone Is quite
6~actcable although at great expense; and ecOnor-
zeal utilization alone occasionally De secureu Du
The attempt to combine both IN general way and
az tbe same time effect result free from sanitary
Objections and one that shall pay expenses as0 IS,
ip his opinion, entirely impossible
ACETATE OF SODA AS A PREsERvATIvE. - DR..
Sacc. whose new process Of preserving anlma! and
vegetable substances has attracted considerable
attention has lately published more detailed ac-
count. which may be of interest and Importance 10
so,ne of our readers. The method consists in the
use of povdered acetate of soda instead of common
salt or other article and is equally applicable to the
preservation Of both meat and vegetables. For
keeping meat fresh, this is placed in cask with
LAYERS of the powdered acetate of soda interposed
in the proportion of fourth of the weight OF the
meat In Summer, the action is immediate; IN wan
ter il is necessary to place the casks or barrels IN
room heated to $50 Fahrenheit Asthe salt abstracts
the water from the meat at the end of "a hours the
cask is turned upside down, or the meat is over
hanled; that which was above being now placed