, 1873-12-06
THE FOUNDER or THE ORANGES.

N1satfHton correspondence G fhe aelc oFE 1TtGhfe
| havo recently njoyot several pleasant cnn-
versatonB will, William salllaars. tho man who
dreamed, and thought out, nni ilauguratod the
! Order OF tl,e Patrons Of 1usba'dry, commonly,
referred to ns ths ordor q tlle drangcra.
uonstble scotclnan. lie il upward Of Cd
years Of age, ,,lau Of largo frafno, something
above medium height, with .erny lair, . board
almost white; and, although l'is complexion ia
eaw-oyes Which would delight tho tra1.scsn-
| dontal Alcott, who believes TINT ile bluc.eycd
will inho1it The earth. llo has high aud Bolno-
what 1otreating forehead, noso WHICH evinces
strength Of clsaraotor, aud ralor sober oxp'ca-
sion ot countcnanco, aa Of a man. of thought
rathor Than of n man who il controlled BY hiA
feelings. Ills bearing is Buch that ho osicls
good will fion others those who arc associatoa
with him holding him in profound aud oyon ten-
der regard.
Mr.. Saunders came to this country in 1917.
Prior to that time he had been engaged n l.o rti-
| cultural aud agricultural pnrsuitd IN and about
| London, where he also organized aovosal Booie-
tics Of po,aons engaged III occupations ri1nil"r
to llts own. For sovernl years past hc has boen.
as lle iB at present, tho Superintendent Of tlle
| garlens Of the Departments of Agriculture, and
period tssy h have we , Eeen II exstones esr,ainy
| docs credit to hih skill and taste.
| Tho Orler Of the ratlons OF HuHbantlry was
| frat conceived in lia mind somo sevon yoars
| ago The grand Objects he had IN view were
lion Of lowefare and happiness Of those cngascd
Ia agriculture and Kindred pursuits, and tho it,~
| crease, consequent npou t!cso. OF tho general
wealth , aud prospe'ity ct tho country. lie had
| interest ln htsbandry, and of acquiring d.tTu-
| sion Of knowledge with view to Its application
for tho incrcass at tho products Of the soil, woro
imperfect and wholly inadequate. Ilo saw that,
for tho welfare Of tho great producing MASSES Of
the country. and for efficiency in tLoir labors,
| two things were oHuential: education, especially
| instruction fn relation to tho boBt methods Of
| production, aud unity Of action, mud these two
cssentlas he kept, and still keeps, steadily in
| viow.
| The tirst remark ho made to mo, upon my
referring to tho .great Inherent the public was
| taking III the oraor Ut tho Gr&ngorn, waH, tllat
popular mind as to tho nain purposes OF tue
Order. He said it WAS generally supposed that it
| was all organization to fight nsonupolies a!ld to
| control political action, but that, 40 fur from
| Patrons Of llusbandry for purposes OF simple
| education alld business, for instruction in
| horticulture and agriculture and for economy
and c[icioncy in their private business trans-
| actions.t
Having Bcttlcd upon tho ends to be accom-
p1isllcd, lie spent Two years-lBG5 and 13GG-ill
corresponding with The principal g1icnturists Of
This country aud Great Britain, with the view Of
iilsorestiug tho1n in his rrojcct. Referring 10
| his correspondence then mud enco, which has
hcon very extousiyo, lio assured me that iu it MI
| lo had never made ire Of 4 tlankcd envelope,
although the f1anked envelopes Of tho Aguuut-
tural 3uscau Nere always at Lis disposal. At
length, after much labor and preparation in
nccombor, 1867, tlo first Grange was organized
III thia city, Consisting of agricuitursts from
various Statea Of tho Union. Soon aftorwarl
tho Secretary, Of this first Grange, while, Oh o
visit to his friends u Minnesota, organized Llle
second Grange, and during tho Avo y-als follow
ing societies woro formed to q considerable num-
bcr in various States. but tho progress Of tho
| movement WAS BLOW. and tho founder met with
numerous liscouragcments. Many Grangcs dis
banded, failing to roalizo tho great advantages
thai had been hold out to them, aud he wns
obliged to urge tho othors, by letter, to hold on.
assuring thcul TINT considerable rosultB could
not be counted on until the movement had bo-
como extensive, but that. whon it did onoo get
Molls undor way, they would, to use his phrase,
do 4 big business"
hir. Saunders stated that during tho six years
whom llo WIS seeking to place E<fore tho farmers
ment aud solf.protection. he sought, With ltttlo
SUCCESS, to enlist tho prose in the service of his
csuso. Tic sud TINT publishers SELDOM cared to
hear further Of Ills project after he had once i'll
formed tllcm that QUO of bia purposes was to got
rid of the vast number Of mid.!lonon-as
and rotaiora-who operated between the manu-
facturer aud tho farmc:. They promptly assured
him that thoso middlcmeu wcro tho bost patrons
of their advertising colusnus. aud that they
not disposod to take up MI enterprise TINT would
mi!ate against themselves.
Eleven months ago thoro we're but 400
Oranges III the whole country. II was thou tint
tho movement took sudden forward start, aud
it has since grown With rapldity astounding TO
to hir. Saunders, and to everybody else. Thoro
arc now a,6u0 Oranges III oil tho Statea, and
thay are Increasing by the hundreds weekly.
There arc oycr ,9Uu in Iowa alone. Il, pennsyl
yania. twenty-cight Oranges were formed not
long ago, tue result Of an agents labors there
for 4 few wcoHe. Speaking ol this rapid growth
Ms. sanadors remarked to ma that tho Thing MAS
now beyond his control, and that lie could do
littlo clio tina sit still and observe is COURSE
Still he receives u large mail onsly from all rarts
Of tho Country, aud Eo has numerous calls from
pooplo interested In the movement. Tho ro-
ported membership. IL nearly G5o,000.
Mr. Saunders declares that ho l,nH no fight to
| maEo with tho railroads nor With ,niddlenon.
His whole nffair is with tho farmers. TAe mo-
mcut they begin to act together tho railroads
will bot >1na their tractabo servants, aud tho
agents I'no havo hitherto taken the lions hl!are
OF tho profits Will disappear, for there will DO
nothing for them to do. I referred to tho ele-
| mont Of secrecy Incorporated In tho orga,iiza~
ton. Nlr. Snundors replied that tho secrecy
did not amount to much that taore were really
~ tllan thcle welo III families or In firms Of
merchants or manufacturers. Undertaking to
manage their asfalrs through tlicir own agents,
u waa ouly proper that they should exercise
duo discretion aud keep their mattorB to tham-
Bciyes. Some Of tho business transactions Of to
Order arc very remarkable, and show what inl-
nonso advantages tho farmers mny roap frYn
co-ororatton III purchasing. hIr. Saunders stated
that in 1llinoH the State Agent OF tho Changers
ascertanca that q fayorite reaper, which The
farmers Ind beon paying @l60 for TO aeensa of
the manufacturers, waa sold to tho agents Of tho
mnnufacturor for 800. The Static Agent asked
tho manufacturer how many rcapo,s he could
mako IN year, nnd, leaning what tho number
was, le told him llo would tako all ho could u,nLo
III q yoar at 500 each. Tlus tho farmers
saved sGo on every ros1er tlloy bought, An,
other agent Of the Order recently bought 600
sowing s-1nachncs outright Of the nulicr ior s35
eacl,, RaVl1lg $25 OH eaut. 1n less tiau month
o00 Of the machines were taken OF hiB hands by
meinlors~ot tho various Granger. Lust HlrlnE
tho monsbera Of . Qlaugo in Vermont wished 10
hny some corn: Their Secretary go informed the
sooralary Of tho National Orange III this city, :.
who directed IN. agent IN 1owa to buy tho corn,
hire cars, load them and SLIP tho corn through
to Vermont. Tho Torniontora upon receiving,
the graIn, found that thoy had saved 1sy{ conts
a. baehcl, comparing It's ooEt with tic price
n1tarts t,y tt,afr 4 fn,v