Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1873-12-19
transportation between the East and the West. :.
The following letter from the Hon. John
Young, NJ L., appears in the N. Y. Tines

Il
Young, NJ t., appears in the N. Y. Tines
of Friday:
propose, with your permission, to place
| before yoGr readers. in few letters, as
| briefly as possible, the necessity of cheaper
| transportation than now exists between the
| West and the East, and the means by
which this desirable result can best be ac-
complished. The immense annual increase
| of Western trade renders It apparent that
| the existing outlets from the lakes To the
| Atlantic are utterly insufficient, even for
| the present commerce, and will year after
| ye. still further show their incapacity to
NEE. the growing wants OF the interior
| trade. not only in the United States. bat in
| Canada.
The problem to he solved, therefore, is
| how can transportation be cheapened. TAX
| ing Fond du Lac, on Lake Superior. a. the
| head. and tido-watcr on the St. Lawrence
and the Hudson rs the foot oi inland nay
| igation. the question arises what is the size
| or class Of vessel that, shipping her cargo
some SEQ or 1000 miles inland, may,
without breaking bulk, transfer her cargo
into the ocean ship at Montreal or New
York for export or for consumption in the
Eastern States?
Much has been done Tor the accommoda
ton Of this trade, by the construction of the
Erie Canal, the Canadian canals. and by
the various railways, but, as already stated,
it i evident that its annual and ever-in-
crcasing volume calls for The most com
prchensiye measures for II accommodation,
and the appointment during the last session
Of Congress of 4 committee of nine Senators
to inquire into and report upon this i'm
p0rtant subject. IS evidence of its necessity.
The Eric Canal and the Canadian Canals,
although at first boldly conceived, were,
within period of twenty-five years from
their completion, required to be more than
doubled in their capacity, and now that
increase is found insufficient. Ii l. well
known axiom, that the cost OF carrying
merchandise by a vessel is in reverse ratio
to the size OF the vessel employed, and the
larger the vessel the cheaper the transport.
This fact has been proved by the enlarge-
mcnt of the Erie Canal nni the st. Law
renee Canals. The Erie Canal, connecting
Buffalo with Troy, on the Hudson, was
opened for traffic in lSoj. The locks were
% feet in length, hy width Of lG feet,
and passed through boats OF = tons. This
canal was enlarged in 1917 50 as to pass
boats of PIC tons, its present capacity; and
this enlargement cheapened cost of freight
over 80 per cent The Weland and La
chine Canals. in. Canail. were first opened
tO trade in lo2l. with locks Of 100 leet IN
length by - and - feet in width, with
a feet of water on the sil.s In t-i9 the
lachine aud 81. Lawrence canals werc en-
larged. with lock Of 200 lcet q icHgth hy
- feet wide. and one OF the >t. Lawrence
canals (the Cornwall had locks 200 hy
- feet The Nelland Canal. connecting
Lakes Erie and Ontario. was leit with
some locks oi only 2n feet wide. and lt Is
evi.t md ,ebi.L rie Cana d;an t.,,.er,.u.a,,t
a-e ,,,- ,ntiari7.l bv Parliament 3, ra,,.,
IA, ana n,tc pnif,rt1 in IL, ~ Canal
G,m,,;s.i'nere a. Nex yort arJ the CAV
ernr,snt ,r C,p,l, have n,;f,rl,Iy fu,.s
thar freiaht ia. hsen che,non.l hy canal
cnlarre,a.ot ani he rrnr,,t-,,sat Of l,rfcr
,srscis SIN tle~s +. no arf,sau- m hs-
,,,ec, ro il,,o,s .,1 con,l rr lqt, novio,.
,i,n Facl, f,s H. MIN IN f,lei. b.t
v,tbont tbc lalcs tte riysr and canals thf
Wcst would lave leon verv l1us in arrir-
;r, AZ Le,. ,rsse,t ,,o;nt - l.,..l ,,,r,ert
al I. = ~ ,..t.r ,..,,,n,r,,;..,.,., ,vbicL
-. i,r,,.l,- on,.-.l,r+ai :, ,L. ;,,,,s,.,
.1,..r,,Iti,7,r oc lcr rail,ro,.s T., srnoort
~ I'll. y;.,, r. may, h., stats1 tt,f rlii.. II
sorer ce,.t. r.. .,o,r, t,,.i,el If wia.r
f..., Cl...,',, e.. n, d, .t...,a.,.. of 80
-. f,. ,,; - l,i.o ',,, 'r'..r..qJ rr.r,
,si....-- Ff..U.f l.. ,,......- s.I-.... I'D
05n IL
Tie American G,yernmeut. az .r awa.., to
its commercial Interests. can.tra,tcI
canal 10 give access 70 Ilks Snpcrisrat
Sault Ste. Marie The canal is l-I0.h %!
mile in length. and ha. locks ofa5o feet hy
- feet in width wilh T. feet of water. The
Government OF Canada have decided that in
the whole of tl.ir impr,ye.l canals the locks
-hpll he 3-a feet by II fsct iu willh. with
II feet of water throughout which tAirk
is a mistake. as lie locks -hauid III least he
a4a feet in length. Buffalo has hitherto
b,cn m, ,,riueinsi mort for tr1uetipiarat
from Inc lake 10 the Erie Canal But O--
w,r, la. for several Years been eaiuiu- a-
Eu1,I, Although ths steam prop,l.er of
n0a tons measurement can now sail from
p,rts direct on the uppar lakes % EuH4ln.
and altboprh tt. Wc.llud Canal cannot
ms. Ur5ne.lers of more tLau 400 tons. vet
fbo alyantage oc this smaller prane,ier or
yc-scl heinz, able To pass thrar,h The We
land Canal of twentv-eirlt milo. and
through fake Ontario o. OsWseo. more
than mn l,s nn for the empl1ymenr elthe
ilrgcr vessel Of LOCO tons to Buffalo. De-
cati-e. although there + q irln-hipmout ar
eargo az Oswero into the canal baat of alO
toms as there Is at Buffalo. Vet thedistance
is
AGAINST sb3 from Baifalo.
tvtor .to Well,,J r,,..l i-..,,,,,.,..t.l
IA a5,-,oJ r.. ,,-,....ii,-s,,rt nnn -.
- te.elro ieot ot 49, -, tb.r tLcvsssel,
r,Iis So ryi;.b ~ -. t,.,r, ~, W
-, P,ti,Io cav, ,,,.ors-l -, =, t,.,,e,,, II +.
e,;jcr,t I'M II os,ve,,, ,.,'1, nv CONNECT
tbro,,e,b brr f,vor,hIs ,7o.;tinr, whom cblirel
~ cmnlov ioo ton ,ssssis i, naesip, me
V'iia,,5 r,1,I sha viii b,,'., or.s,i,. IN.
- ,.i,,nta.-s,,",. r,'i..i, ~, lis
- oGo tons ., n ,,,,s,,i -, i,. I'M, 5;rc't
e., ,t.. r,,ror n, ,ss ,i'-,.,.,i. ,ha Wclisoj
,',,'.i NJ tttnt Lreal;r-. I,iI
The water in the Frie C,n.l and in t,s
nal fro7, osvce,o 70 Tro,. is crv ai,,tci
''-'it a. b,ate 5roNinS ~ ,rJ J, boffs,j scysn
a.. TLea,csti,, 80. l,,, ~. ..,,..i. =,
r., rr,,n H,fr,Io ,r5 C',, a 1s,,.e,, ~. ,.,,,.
.-..,,.tc5 ari o5o,toj c,- ,o5.,is - ooo
tone drowine twelvc feet nf water rs i
,o,r bs;n@ d,,e an tho IVcit,rJ ana -
i.v .,r-c,cc Canals ofCsr.ls , TS;s;, vcr,,
i-.,'-.,,+ f,st,,ro :, -. ,..,,-;,,.,, -
,.g,,,.os Irtbc c,roi r-o.,, p,r,,i, g., Tr,,
,I r~,,, oswcgo - ~. bt, J.,
49,, 40 ,,rcIrc foo, 4,sr ,b,a .tb Iii b,vc
~ - L.,r,
vi. Iii ~, he, th lviI.{ ~ ,,i
~ It WI ,r-t;. " ,''.liir ...iii -
sI c-r ~. ri 's,I wi NJ ,n.
III. IT, br cittc- - h, II. ,,,i ,,' 80
iS]l. brt Osre, Iii III m',-'T .t., -
oe wa. 'a 500 o. ,',
- wv - 9cs -. pTs oi,is
eIl.' @ ,b, .'ri nsi 'ig Crom rot Pgi Faa,o 49, NV
~ ~, - ,,ral,.n - I.iiIu er ~
iarsII r, 10 90 t''s ~ VAL Duy tnq
m "a. an - - 10y w y
10 ,osg-ea- g., ~. III, ,oa -.
~ ,o,a nd ,,rcg+,.-e;..h. WI IL
,von. ,voilI n'iD IN ~! M 'lisuus !, s,,7
" eiraau .iii ~ ~ o., -. ,.lily H.i1 10 .Ian
snlpsngI snip Pngl, a. md ,fo ,bo sueIi9F aI, w. a.a
,,sj u'vi fr1m tbc W t can o
poIt,u ,to'i ,l,em ,"' y - 90 iIHS '.'e'tei
I,ias pns,I1 to"'' '''''" - posS'o-e 10 ~ va
pu1AtG n.;.r,.,t,.,;.0
'u' - Ia - ~" * q " ~
rnIii,ni' NJ WI, ~ r. - '.-o
r,s tl,.D ~ ,be II',I - C 'li,,'i;' -
,i ,y NJ, -, -,
Mottl'n.' no Ia, a'o 20 w t'iS i''{ion
Ia inai - Iose..ar,- la c-, 80
ni'Go, - ,.,,;ra!,, toiii',u IN