davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1873-02-10

Tho chief of,cors Of tho United States Lnke-
snryoy have recently forwarded to the Secretary
of War al, interesting report OF their operations
nm to the present timo. Tie American ahoro
lino OF tho great lakes, their connecting rivers,
md islands, gives total length Of little moro
thnu 600 milea, and It a deemed advisable to
tako III about 600 miles OF tho Canadian shore
limo nearest to tho American shore. OF this
total Of G, 900 miles, about 1890 have been al
ronly surveyed and mapped, tho work including
cloae sounlugs to depths Of 24 fcot, loss frequent
eonndinga to distance Of Beven milop from
shoro, tho typographical survey Of shore lines,
apl tho determination Of tho gcouotic position OF
important points.
Tho survey Of Lako ST. Clair, the st. Clair
River, aud Lakes Huron and Superior aro conf
rlctcd. That Of Lake Michigan Is neatly
/ finished, aud tho survey Of tho st. Lawrence
River haB ueen carried from tho northern boun-
dayy of Now York nearly to Lako Ontario.
I4akes C1aulplaln, Ontario, nnd Erie aud the
Niagara River, 1.-Two yot to be osurvoyad.
| In addition to the requirements OF commerce,
tho labors OF the Lakc-Snryoy will furnish valu-
! nt}o Information to tho astronomer. Tho
| French Academy determined, in tho lant cen-
tury. TINT tho metre, or unit Of measure
(ncarIy forty inchcs), ahould be the ten-mliont!a
part of q quadrant OF tho meridian /; but it has
1 long since boon found that their assumed
measure was too small, and tue exact
amount OF it's error Ia scarcely yat
determined. Indeed, wo have good
reason to believe that tho figure Of tho Garth Ia
far from being tho true oblato sphoroid which 1t
has been represented for 200 years past, the sur
face of tho sea Lowell being an Irregular fgura.
Tho truo Dimensions of tho earth, in each diroc-
lion, can only bc obtained by carefully conducted
measurements of tho lengths Of degrees at many
different PORTIONS Of tho surface.
Several OF these nrcs hayo been measured In
tho old world France and England llavo found
lie longth of line 1,50o miles long, extending
from the Shetland Islos to the Mediterranean
and that line IL now being extended into
Africa, whence 1t will DO undoubtedl,
connected with one at the Capo o
Good Hope, and With ono alrcad.
measured in Rs,esia aud Norway, giving ua nj
accurately known liua OF son,e 1000 milcs II
length, or nearly throo-tentns Of the whole cir
cumforoEco Of the globe.
In order to obtnin conclusive results, tics
mcasuren must DO compared with similar one
made on tue American Continent. and, II poaai
bic, III Eastern Asia. Tho work OF tho Coast
Guryoy will furnish tile matorlal for oncEuoh arc
from tho north Hhoro Of Ialo Superior to til
nouth end OF LaEe Michigan, which could oaRl
be extended 10 the mouth Of tho Ohio, givin
m arc Of 900 miloa in length. This will, or
long, DO supplemented by other arcs In Sons
Amorica, giving ua tho moana of knowing muc
moro accurately than now Tho exact form IN
Dimensions Of tho earth.
, 1873-02-10

public moeting is TALKED Of to meet the I'M
ponding crisis OF doloro,s and disastrous stencil.
nhen tho arrival Of spring shnil thaw into
pcstilcnco the ncros OF of7al accumulated in the
southern part Of tho city, the direction of our
sDrine and summer windg. It forcoB upon lis
the gravost aspect of tile question how no aro to
dispose Of tho refuse of our packing-houHea
without in.pairing that important branch Of in-
, 1873-02-10

We aro permitted to make tho following ex-
tracts from private letter to Captain Bon5a1nin
Richardson, OF Now York, in relation to tho
rarAel progress making in Southern Ruasia.
CAPTAIN Richardson visited that Hection aeyeral
yeara ago. The letter il dated Odessa, Doe. 4,
1879. After speaking OF large and prosperous
fonlalo school, the writer says:
odessa, since your visit ,ere. haa grown r. to to
population numbers not loss than 2oo,ooo. Many
nov aud ano housco have 1ee" put H., up an an
S.s gs ,s ay eyer q to and nd
are asss and .asa 1nY a S5 ss
tAambcr lint are paved. Tho atreeta and
% many houses aro lighted WITH gas. great work is
''SM ~sier :" 4o ta ser Dniester supply he town.
Ths viii 10 vastly better tan to depend on cisterns
1.-Two 81 It. u but is faet that large portions
s wss sn 'ppsi2 yn ys.rs "ss E2"
sasssnn! 1assss s;ssat 'ss
nss Roae " ind osr public nss aro to 10
put up srcctrattways arc IN hnt are not
nssy xa to ysn,,a sn aa a s ~
s nos ye sonnestta X t}y,, r1yaX Y S t
- ~ .s oaessa a'ste Nicols s ii oIsr
INYBt Tbs Ia true AHo or tue farming lauuS III
tho country Property IL worth, a about hero, moro
than doub!o what It was ten years ago. Theie aat
praires, or ueppcs, in the .euth Of lussa. were
| kuullred years ugo, considered unproauctve
icsurts al, moi Syan long $50 that, they wero
made Of as pea. colonies Ato Australia Algeria
here, aud the soil Is very fort!lo a,ld pro
luotiyo n favorable ycara. Poolao arf
!gga.ing to this country on account of tsiat on
tho climate, from the colder regiona Of tho north
Tho freedmen sorfa formerly 9rc getnB hotter or
an moro Intelligent alao For hess reasons at % niat
dearer III tho Uuucasus lilo aana Is true. Tho 1fast
ia growing up hero lilo power at Will n.a::s ~
Influence folt East aud South, M thu course OF tne
Turkey porsta Central Asa aid nl Tho Eaat ~ a2"y
but aaroly, changing to modern civilization.
, 1873-02-10

Our Madison correspondent gyea a very COM
plcto statement Of tho contest now sharply wag-
ing in the Wisconsin Legislature, helped by
powerful lobby, for tho possession Of cersaih
lanl-grants, the contestants both being two
great rival railway corporations whose lines
eentro In Chicago.
, 1873-02-10

Tho bill introduced into Congress- providing
that tho salary OF Congrossmen shall DO $4,000 d
year substitutes au allowance OF actual expenses
In going to aud from Washington, in place Of
mileage. Mileage and expenses should both bo
abolished for tho same reason that the franking
privilege was abolished, and tho Aum of $4,000
per ennum iB large enough salary 10 warrant tho
nn
, 1873-02-10

In this issue wo givo an exhaustive present.
meut OF Affairs In the Sandwich Islands, tho new
Kingdom Of His Majesty Lunalilo. 1t Will he
road with interest.
, 1873-02-10

In tho event of Mr.. Doutwoll's being chosen
to I'LL tho vacancy ii tho United States sonnto
caused by Senator Wilaona election to the Vice
Presidency, tho signs now point 10 Assistant
Secretary Richardson as the person to whom tho
Treasury portfolio will be entrusted.
, 1873-02-10

It must be All interesting Inquiry which is
about to 10 lnaitutcd lu Washington, whether or
not aIosars Wilson, Brooks, Boyer, Hooper, Col
fax, Patterson, and the other Congressional hold
ers Of Crodit 1Eobilicr atock paid tue income tax
on thcir dividends. The fact that Mr. Oakes Amos
actol aa trustee for most OF theso gentlemen
would enable him to give information On the
when ho appears before tho Poland Committee
noxt Tuesday. The payment Of this tax, II it
remains unpaid, would DO very protty addition
to the receipts Of tho coming month; and, aa
the Government has been swiudled out OF every
dollar which 1t contributed to the Union pac!Ho,
it certainly should lose opportunity Of requlr-
ing such small percentage ns tho Inv proyidos.
, 1873-02-10

We print this morning discourse delivered
vestorlay by ono Of our bost-known clergymos,
on tho evil and peril OF Our times, as exhibited
in the Credit NIobilor,
, 1873-02-10

were at IN cnd They did not vlew tho matter III
this light, howovor, but summoned aua''lo'laf
witnossos. and virtually commenced h trial OF tuo
prisoner, with tlio Wow Of influencing paolio
opinion lit hia favor. Tho result OF tlt8 inter-
foronco with tho dutics Of tho loyal jury 'nto
woso hands tho priBonor must como Tor trla'' "as
m expression Of bellof TINT tho murdorons
assault by Simmons " WAS not pre1ncdItatoa' ana
that tho prisoner, from previous throats n'ade
by deceased towards linn, may havo cohslaero't
his lifo throatonod," tho expression OF "plo"
in tho verdict YVES pteco Of arrogant Hoolo1'eo
aud contempt for law. It ig not unnatufa' TINT
men OF tlat stamp ehould sock to oxcupato q
murderer. It IL not unnatural TINT mon ot 'a''
stamp should 10 emplotons enough to belloVo
that thoy Ind right to bring In verd'ot "hlo',
WIS almost tantamount to m acQ"l''a'
of tho prisoner. It could not nave
boon done, however, without tho instrnotlona
aud consout Of tho Coroner, who, III summon
ing tho jury in tho first instance, WAS guitsy OF
flaorant contempt for public opinion in choosing
| such olaBs of mon for Jurors in an impostans
case, and, In inoraing thoir verdict, or an equal
" fragrant contompt for tho courts In uaurping
their Jurisdiction. It was clearly Within hia
province to return tho fact that Duryoa came to
htp death by wo,luds inflicted by Simmons, but
wncn l,o returns tho fact that ho md his juror
pook to Justify the prisoner, by declaring that III
may hayo believed certain things they 80 fol
trnnsRrcsa tloir duties as not only to ho guilt.
Of impcrtinence, but to acriously Interfere viii
tho operations Of justico. What ia truo Of TIL
Now York Jury haa moro than onco boon true
Chicago jurios especially IN tho days when pro
fosstonal deail-boata wcro accustomed to sit upol
bodies and administer 'Crownors quest law.
In tho Now York caso however, 1t was only tn
first Of cunningly- y-doyised scrios OF operation
to secure tho escape Of Simmons from punish
: n.snt. As such, II deserves the severost repro
. / hn}fan.
, 1873-02-10

MYERS. OPERA KOUsJs-MonEoo street, botToo
stata and ponxbo.n. Arlington. Cotton d Konble
Hfns,rpI and pusosauo Troupe Ethiopian Conoatiol
, 1873-02-10

The causo OF won1an's rights appears to 10
making satisfactory progroaa III Scotland. AZ
cordlng to Glasgow paper, two young 'al!es IN
that city recently had q misunderstanding
, 1873-02-10

ACADEMY OF MUSIC 11nlstcd atroet. aouth Of
hfadiron. Engagement Of Miss onrlotta Leo1ere9'
sspyamallon and Galotoa."
, 1873-02-10

HooLEY's OPERA 1lousls-Randorh street. bo
tueon Clnrk and Iasalfo. Now co'uody company
Hp.Vtd fsarrIck.h
, 1873-02-10

GrnBE ETfIEATREs-Do1pla!ncs street, between h'adl
mn ,ni washington. tJod; or tho Lost Win.'
, 1873-02-10
To.pAY's ADJUSTMENTS.

b;,V1OKERS TIfEATRE-bfadiaon street, between
Rtntc and Doarboru Italian Opora. "Mignon."
, 1873-02-10

General Dodge, Of Iowa, who has been ira
n1icntod in tho Credit MobiEier mattor, Ia o1-
pectcl to testify before tho Committee In day
or two. The following is Durant's statement
concerning him
Witness next referred tho fact that General Dodlc
OhIcf Engineer Of the road, under salary Of $loo3o
Der nnnl,n, was Alao member Of Congress- In Wash-
nRton, instead Of being on tho road. When witness
demonstrated aganst hs, he was informed hat Dodge
pfnence he further found that the wifo OF General
Dodge had 100 saFea Of Credit nSbar 9 steak aPa %
uS tho ohisf M Engineer would DO unda,y in a
dut!cs by nny interest which Lis w!fo might have ho
next produced Ills order Rusponding Dodge as Chief
Engineer On account Of ovoreatlnates Of amounts duo
contractors ade by him. and the ropy Of Dodge That
Mcssrs, Reed md Qrane In reerencoto his accounts
willie Vice President Of tho road: Wltness submitted
nlNlavits Of Sidney Dillon, Q; Ham, u, ., Csane'
showing that they wero correct.
, 1873-02-10

Tho Bishop OF Manchester, England, recently
gave some good advico to policemen whom he
urged them to resist tho temptation Of acquir->
Ing reputation by leading Offenders into trap
aud then arresting thom and to nse their best
ontlcavors to provont crime. This e1cellont nd
yico has wide Significance. Tho prevention OF
crime ia tho fret buainess OF policeman, not
the detection Of It. Whore tho prevention is
impossible, then tho detection Ia hia main objoct
but in thio caao it is raro that any useful result
ia reaohed by urging on culprits to commit fresh
crimou. In nine caaeo out Of ten, 1t Is the quiet
policeman who mover f1gnron In tho newspapers,
and who ia not celebrated for tho largo
number Of arrcata he makes, that ID tho best po-
liceman, and tho most reliable In an emergency.
Il In true, as rule, everywhere, that thoro aro
too many arresta made. It would subserva tho
euds OF public ordor and juBtice much mora oil"
ciently for policemen, in numerous instances, to
firmly advise drunken or quarrelsomo man to
70 homo than to allow or encourage him to por-
sist in lis ways until ho has violated THO Poaoo'
simply for tho purpose OF making an arrest.
The bost officer il the ono who prevents erime
or diaordor, not the ono who allows 1t to hap"
peu SO that he may have tho credit Of tho arresk
aud as rule, tho best officer ia tho one whose
name Ia least familiar to tho public.
, 1873-02-10

At the Klamath Agency for tho Indians IN
Oregon, there arc 1000 Indians, mon, women,
and children. Congress- appropriates annually
largo sum to feed aud clotho these Indians, aud
paya IN addition tho following salaries to tho
wlito mon WHO teach tho Indians how to draw
their rntfoub
, 1873-02-10

which thoy mutually agreed to settle ny resoft
to force Of arms. Accordingly, one Sunday aftor-
noon, attor church sorvteo, In company Win
about 200 Of their respective friends, thcy ae-
lcctod suitable nnd retired spot in q Hold on
tho banks Of tho olytlo, and pitched ring Win
Wow of preventing what Ia called " n rugglng
malcl," onch Of tho young lallo" had her hair
closely croppod lilo Hoconds and reforeo "ero
choBon, md tbon tho fair diapntanta commoncod
to sottlo tlloir lttle dlspute according to tho
ruloa and regulations Of tho prize ring.
They Ind been comfortably at work. for
about half m hour when two policemen
malo tl,or appearance upon the aoone of aetion,
and all the party, young ladies' included, boata
haety retreat back to town. Tho question IN
dispute, therefore, romans unsettled, but may,
possibly, 10 compromised, rs tue young ladies
had worry enjoyable afternoon. II is to DO ro-
| grottod, however, tint tho inglorio1s termlna-
tion Of tho conflict still oavoe 1t unsettled which
Of tho young ladloa had tho moro powerful
bicops. At tho samo tlmo thero Ia ca'1Ro Tor ap-
proheuBion to the n,alo sox Of Glasgow that tho
young ladieB may DO cultlyatinC muscular pro.
flciency in order to assert their rights, and that
others may follow tholr example.
, 1873-02-10

,edfdrV.
1,,,,op N 17;rh socrt rt-..,......,.,..,.,.$1, 1,610
Hnn1"nntg ccomn,saary ry..,.,,,,.,.., 1900
=; T..;d ~ 1srro2 annarntondent farming 1000
w. Sa1 ~ ." FIiis sasyver '.....,.,,,,,. 1000
tfar.,sp = a nsaano wnuon.msker ...,.,..,.,, 1000
Tnt,n ~ e ra}nSnr ht,anksn1ith h....,.,,,.. 1000
r stir. w.-sen fnrnnr ....,... 300
Hmdrov + nrovn Mil 1ahorcr s80 pcr month ogo
3visi;en7 II II rord1rc1] nhyaician ,,,,..... 1000
Chester Df. Bawtelc, carpentar. .........:. 1,ooo
John aoln 3. scranton, !l"tea', ~ p.. ~, 1878
1,Ii;i,o It n;,nr,nnn te,matcr $40 nor mouth 060
1nn Waniav rniii in1nror sa0 per u1outh.,,.. $50
so 3h rtnmo Mi lnhnrnr az nor mouth $40
yoht 1oh 9suaH 9naiy Mi rnit,ar ' ~ .,...,., 1,Uo0
STarion slant tencber Observation-Disclosures. 1000
~. ~. .Sa H.. r isroyn internretcr .....,,,. 600
1annaa ~ r mo Mn inhnrar 1i5 par month,,. $40
Total. .....-...............s'''.*' .*'.' *A'ooo
. At tho Warm Springs Agency, in Oregon,
there ia q totnl Of Clio Indians Of oil agea and
eoxes, In addition to tho cost Of feeding and
clothing thon,, tho Government has tho follow
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1873-02-20
Asrifnltnral.
Ventilate the Living Rooms.

Whew, How can a body breathe in |
such room as this: Every window is
dripping with dew. The walls are covered
with drops of condensed steam. The air
of the room is all saturated with moisture,
and clouds of hot vapor are constantly adj
ding to its unhealthy state. 1t is not pure
water either that escapes from the pots
and kettles on the stove. Odorous parti-
cles of beef. or pork, of turnip, or potato,
or cabbage or what-not, are floating about
and lodging here and there. Have you
never smelt fried cakes, or pork, or cab
bage. in the best clothes your neishbors
wore to meeting? | have. Certain chill
dren who went to school with me in my
youth always brought sickening odor of
their breakfast griddle-cakes, and-well of
burnt grease, in their clothing.
The air of kitchens often goes from
one extreme to another. When 1t Is not
unhealthy damp on account of the escape
of steam, it is likely to be too much dried
and even scorched, by the cook-stove when
baking or ironing is going on.
If the air is too moist, a sensitive body.
or skin healthily appreciatiYe of whole
some conditions, becomes uncomfortable.
and cries out for supply OF fresh air.
The body mnst constantly part with some
OF its own moisture, or suffer the conse-
Quenee Of having this = insensible perspir-
alton (Which goes on every moment while
we are in health) shut in by any cause. IL
the air Is already saturated with moist ure
it is in no condition to relisye the skin
pores by taking up the degree of vapor
which the animal economy brings TO the
surface. The fluid matter thrown out from
the lungs and skin is by no means pure
wa;er. Ii contains carbonic acid and ami
nal matter which is deleterious. Then
let in pure air from the supply out of
doors
You don't want 10 warm up all outdoors
eli? Well, if YOU keep your rooms shut
tight, and dry the ar by heating il. you
cheat yourself of warmth in the worst
way. You viii poison your blood, and
not keep comfortably warm either in a
close. hot room. \ scientific writer says
In very dry air the insensible perspira-
ton Will be increased, and as it is a true
evaporation it will generate cold pr opor-
Tomato to the amount. Those parts of
the body which are most insulated in the
air. and fUrthest from the heart, will feel
this refrigerating influence most powerful
ly; hence, that GOODNESS of the hands aud
feet 20 oflen experienced. The brain. be-
ing screened by the skull from this evapor-
aiiug influence. will be relatively hot, and
viii get surcharged besides with the fluids
which are expelled from the extremities
by the contraction OF the blood-ye>sel>
caused by cold" This Is the GOODNESS
particularly of the extremities) which the
jewellers in close, hot rooms condemn them
selves to. This explains their headaches.
Then make a hole somewhere to let out
the steam and foul air and to let in a little
uncontaminated oxygen. All windows
should be made 30 a. to open at the top
Ias rlcrH Agrjcultuast.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1873-02-20

it is now worth ten cents. And then what
will you wish you had doneI Hoarded
the corn? Not necessarily. That might
have been impossible. But you will wish
you had improved your land-that you had
made it cleaner and richer, and got it into
high condition. When prices are high, It
is the good farmers who make money.
Those who have poor crops and little TO
sell are benefited but little, if any. by the
high prices. Thousands of farmers went
through the high-priced war-tmes without
making anything. What they sold brought
| double the money, but they had to pay
double for what they bought. and they
bought as much as they sold. Ii was only
the farmer who had surplus over his
wants that made money. The same thing
will happen again. And he is the wise
man who gets ready for it. Farming l.
slow work. You can not make your land
rich and clean in year. And recoHect
that until this is done there is no possible
chance Tor making much money by farm
ing. II would be a sad thing for the coun-
try should farmer be able TO make mon
ey by raising crops of wheat that were
half weeds, and that did not yield 10 bush
els per acre. should be vecy sorry to
see the time when a crop OF 30 bushels OF
potatoes per acre paid handsome profit
or when half-starved. neglected scrub AMI
mails pay for their keep. No country
proSpers when good farmers are losing
money. and 1t prospers even still less
when poor farmers can eNtort prices high
enough to support their wretched SYSTEM
of agriculture. - Americdn Igr'caitHr-
isl
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1873-02-20
Insects.

Mr.. :. L. Buckingham, the secretary Of
the Lovelaud Ohio Agricultural aud
Horticultural Society. saw in a recent re
port:
Insect. affect the vegetable. grain and
fruit crops of the country TO a greater ex-
tent than many suppose. The -isericdH
Ea',u.loqiSt estimates the loss from the
depredations of insects to the farmers and
iruit-growers ofthe United States a ex-
ceeding the total value Of the cotton crop
Of theIouutry. This may seem an exag-
geraJed estimate of the losses from the
raVages of insects. but not when we con-
slider the Immense losses the farmers sus-
tain annually from the losses by the wheat
midge-ny. chinch-bug. potato-buS. canker-
worm, grasshOpper. that alone frequently
orerrun Washington Territory. Oregon.
California. L tab and New Mexico. Destroy
in" millions Of acres Of grain and yegeta-
ton. If every farmer were practical en-
tomologist, million, of dollars might be
saved annually from the depredati ions of
Insects. We take no notice Of the habits
Of the millions OF noXious insects, because
We DO not realize the injury they are capa-
hle of infl!eting upon the growing crops of
the country.
1t has been claimed by prominent agri-
culturists Of New \ ork that the writings
of DR.. Fitch on the noxious insects of that
state have saved the people Of New York
fifty thousand dollars annually. We can
not estimate the benefits of the writings of
the lamented Walsh, OF Illinois. 10 the
farmers and fruit-growers of that state.
Very few persons are able to discriminate
between the useful and noxious insects.
Ii We had knowledge of the habits and
mode ofpropagauon of the various insects,
destructive and beneficial, We could do
much to destroy the former and propagate
and protect the latter. Without the aid of
insect friends. the farmer and fruit-raiser,
with all the appliances their ingenuity can
devise, cannot arrest the ravages of nox-
ious insects. Many plans have been de-
vised oflate 10 destroy the Colorado pota-
to-bug, but no means have been half so
efficient to destroy them as their natural
enemies. There are ten distinct species OF
insects that are said to be natural enemies
of the potato-bug, and by their united la
Dor are saving the farmers of the country
millions of dollars annually.
1t is said there are six varieties of in
sects to one Of plants in Europe, and four
to each plant in Massachusetts. DIR.
Hitchcock enumerated two thousand three
hundred specimens of insects OF Massachu-
sets. Walsh gives three thousand injuri-
Gus species OF Illinois, or two Injurious
species to each species of plants. Many of
these are wonderfully prolific, and de strnc-
tive OF grains and fruits of all kinds. So
great is the measure of many noxious in
sects that they would defy every effort of
man to check their rayages unaided by
their natural enemies"
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1873-02-20
To Make Farming Pay.

There are good many people who seem
to think that the bottom has tumbled out
of farming. They forget that forty mill
lions of active, industrious, well-to-do
people mus. have and will have plenty to
eat. And as long as people eat there will
be demand for everything the farmer can
raise.
What l have TO consider Individually as
a farmer is. how can 1 best compete with
nv brother farmer? How can / raise
wheat, corn, potatoes, beef, pork, mutton,
cheese, butter, wool, etc., etc., as cheap as
he can? Or how can l raise a better ar
ticle? think we are talking too much
about spectators, and middlemen, and
combinations. We had better devote more
thought to the Improvement of our farms
and stock. Before the papers have got
through discussing the best means of get
ting ten-cent corn to market, we may have
. poor crop, and there will be no more
ten-cent corn for many years. 1t may be
worth &c., 75., or dollar bushel wher .