davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28

NoxIoU3 GASES IN WELLs.-Lives are fire.
ouently lest by noxious gases in wells: This
may be prevented by the adoption of the fol-
lowing very simple means: Take some pieces
of CARPET or common sacks, and make them
upinto loose bundle, nearly as large as the
area of the well. Inclose in it brick to give
Weight. and attach to the bundle rope of suf-
ficient length to reach to the bottom of the
we'll Throw this bundle down the we'll, and
haul it up again as quickly as possible. Repeat
this operation rapidly for ten minutes, and the
atmosphere of the well will become quite in
noxious, as will be proved by letting down
lighted candle. The bundle, as is easily under
stood, carries before it quantity of fresh air
from the surface, and this, Of course, displaces
the foul ard dangerous air from the bottom.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28

compulsicn were attempted, it would be in
many cases to enter the private affairs of fam
ilies,. which is not the domain of lawmakers.
The few who will not send under good offers
and advantages, would not be benefited by
compulsion, nor their absence affect the great
work Of society, And compulsion in this case
reaily.goes. against liberty, which in republic
gives to the citizen the largest liberty, only Its
behests are not to infringe on the rights. of
neighbors or good citizenship. ~: -
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28


MIXED HUsBANDRY FOE THE SoUTA,-The
New York World descants as follows upon the
condition of affairs in the South:
1t is one of the most hopeful signs of the
times relative to the agricultural regeneration
of the South, that planters are beginning in
earnest to- see the necessity and the economy of
utilizing more of their fertile lands for food
production The tax they pay the Northwest
for food tcorn and bacon especially that they
can produce themselves is fenormous. 1t, is
increased BY the fact that too many of them
run in debt for their food. They anticipate
and hypothecate the returns from their own
products. They live faster than they produce.
They do not buy for CASH. They nte paying
enormously for the food they eat and the
clothes they wear and the fertilizers they use
because they do not have the cash to buy with.
Practically, resulting from the peculiar condo
tion in which the war left them financially, this
may have been necessary, or seemed so. But.
after six OF. seven years there ought to have
been accumulations enough, had careful econo.'
nv obtained, to have enabled the planter 70.
live within his means and. pay for what he
finds necessary to purchase when he purchases,
Otherwise the bad is steadily becoming worse
in almost geometrical ratio. If less cotton is
grown and more corn, wheat, and live stock,
the cotton will be appreciated in valnein pro.
portion to its scarcity, and the other crops will
place the planter Independent Of cotton brokers.
and provision dealers. If a few planters, when
"every, body is going into cotton heavy would
ignore it and turn their plantations to the pro.
duction of provision crops to which their soil
and climate may be adapted, giving them the
same careful culture they do cotton, they will
find they will make more in q series of years.
Mixed husbandry is, or may be made, just as
profitable in the South as anywhere else. The
Northwest is groaning under its surplus Of corn
TO-DAY: suppose q less area of corn and more
of wheat, barley, &C., with live stock in pro-
portion, had been sown there would nave been
far less suffering on account of low prices and
exurbitant transportation rates.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28
Most of the leading pastors of the New

- Most of the leading pastors Of the New
York churches abandon their congregations
during the summer term. These "leading pas
tors" are considered noblest among the faithful
soldiers of Christ. But they run away from
the burning rays of the sun. We always
thought that it is good soldier who sticks to
his most in the hottest fire. And besides the
devil takes no vacation in the heated term"
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28
An old farmer at Harrisburg, Pa, has

An old farmer at Harrisburg, Pa, has q
wapon piled with lumber standing in his shed
which has stood in the same position for sixty
one years. He was engaged to be married and
was building home for his bride, but, on his
return from an expedition to buy lumber,
found rival had married his lady love. He
thereon made VOW that his wagon, laden asi
was with lumber, should stand just as it was
for all time.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28

= The editor of an Illinois paper thinks fish
ing, as rlile, don't pay. "We stood it all day
in the river last week." he says, "but caught
nothipg-until we got home"
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28

- The blossom cannot tell what becomes of
its odor, and no man can tell what becomes of
his influence and example, that roll AWAY from
him and go beyond his ken on their perilous
mission.
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28
HoYT & CO., Proprietors
For the anderson n lntelHigeheer. Z
The Common Schools OF South CarotIna.

this State has so lar IeSuit0u IL
snce to ail the people, much money wasted,
causing its operations to. be very inefficient and
sbortiye. "A iudicionssS Intelligent and effective
system is desirable; ]; it would benefit the entire
state. The failure 70 make the ppropriations
Of money applied OF voted BY the Legislature,
from whatever cause, has been the man reason
for the past ine6 6iciency of, the common schools
of the.State. There. are other causes found IN
the regulations, and in carrying out the details
of the. system. Some suggestions will pc Of
.fered. .t{
Common schools afford ito the masses the
means OF rudimentary and ordinary education,
il matters not whether sustained by. the State
or bysthe communities where located. An Or
dinary or common education is of vast impor-
tanee to the people, Its viewed. when such
educational facilities are furnished by the
State, asta questioned State policy for the good
Of lis citizens. Generally, an agricultural or
rural population does not require schools of q
high grade ne;g borhoods wanting them en-
ploy teachers above a common, school grade,
Then, requiring the FIRST grade teachers to be
10 shto IrrathematicS and other
s.s : SSsaar,oes dos r,ct meet the re-
sss0ts - :. ssst .;e-;tv II scbools in
qalenasnss - -. s.ss 3 'ss.. ..ho,,s a,s =
have teachers capable to instruct in the Eng
lish Language, arithmetic, geography, and
;lS.s:ss ,ss, -. ,rs.ss :, : common. school
so ~ 49, sssssr,ss ss. and where higher
@ j. ~ Il bs Sts,,sbt. employ teachers ac-
;nstfo the .empioyers and to
Z, IL snch qualifications frst
ars;,ss rrh;s was the plan last year, TO require
{, sor first Grade The
~ went on to
e :. so,,i .nd third Grade
s - : ~ ,;sh afersnca, 10: snneriior
s.;s 20 go, sy,oe,ested if Il
80 iaaa doas T. have M sneb thing as ,, a
$500 a..sss yss :, ! tb;yd. Grade school Well
ss,, : third ,5frads school. but third
5, g,ests te necessity of a third
o,ynd tbe,;e s a,, IN almost all white
ss,sss,s sssaIsrs conn retent 10 teach a third
,s-ssss sacSsrs Tberefors. It is money misap-
shs sscon, syaa;f,, ~ nossess ACQUIRE
.;aSe. ,;ttIe lower than the frst grade and
bsgs @ but ths Two grades. Scholars only learn.
;assa smell and read can be- tanght by q second
.,s5s teacher .sbut if the teacher gets to third
s,.5s ye sa,rnI,prehend that he may not teach
orsborranby. which should Be well and thor
o,,gb1y dome The common school system was
rsss ys,yy obstacles were and are to be over
.sog,.a s-ner;snce and further knowledge Of it's
,a,,,s ~ trial byonobt to hear. and it can be
a.'ls .s ,,.sf,,, = ,,'e 20 ~ 80.
A'sas $50. IS a., s,,,,,, ,,ators tb.t fbe
= = ssssssseu : 49, @ Schoo, District
paasol .hs law 1sy y.,ns s :. 80 ,s.e;ve tbe
totaS Msel. ~ olues s:,,'S -, 10y - soSools e
Denenls q sne s.sss s,e - not - he aided
The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1873-08-28
Chicago and Augusta.

Editors Chronicle. and 4Sentinel-DEAR SIRs :
/ beg the use of your columns to answer num-
her of correspondents, respecting the progress
made in the formation of company to build
the Chicago, Augusta and South Atlantic Rail-
road. and as the best means both OF attaining
this end and of giving to our people desirable
information with regard to this matter, request
the publication of the following letter from
Robert Rae, of Chicago, in reply to one written
by me ut the request of some OF our leading
citizens, asking information. First, as to the
character Of the company. Second, as TO the
nature of the charter which will be sought at
the next session of Congress; and third as to
routes.
mond there existed some conflict of opinion
among onr: citizens as to the choice of routes
from Augusta. as between the Georgia line of
the- Auqusta and Hartwell and the route by
Greenwood unite in determining the direction
of whatever aid should be given. This conflict,
Il am lead 10 believe, will terminate 80 soon as
the late action of the Augusta and Hartwell
Railroad Company becomes officially known
and ratified by both of their companies. This
action understand to be based upon an over
sture from, she friends of the Greenwood Conn
tuany. in the city of Augusta, and contemplates
n trunk lire. common to both roads, for fifteen
OF twenty miles up the valley of the Savannah
river. to scme point near Little River Shoals.
7 believe Tat in the future that not only an
.taponism will cease as between the advocates OF
the respective lines, but that there will be
firm combination and concert in action by the
advocates Of both lines.
/ am. with great respect, your obedient SER
want -, HENRY MOORE,
Chm'n. G. and "A. S. A. Association.
augusta. august Il, 1873.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10
ANOTHER GOVERNMENT
SWINDLE,
A Jefferson County Claim Agent
Arrested for Frauds and
Forgery

Some time ago there have been wh;s.
pcrings that everything was not altogeth.
er lovely in the accounts Of Mr.. James
y. ssntcr,a very affablc. energetic and
altogether popular claim agent, doing
business at Panther Sprin Is, Jefferson
county. But though until a few days ago
nothing was made public, yet the officials
were fully advised as to bis actions and
took the necessary steps to prevent fight
if he considered absence healthful and
essential to his physical comfort.
On Saturday the trap was sprung Ivy
us. Deputy Marshal, G.. 7. Larkin, and
the bird caught and brought to Knoxville.
but by profering bail, his Imprisonment
was postponed. Senter in the meantime
paying the officers expenses home. In
this he was disappointed, bis cousin, ex-
Governor D. w. G. Senter, refused to 90
on bis bond, giving as his reason for de-
clining to do so that no did not know the
amount of the frauds perpetrated though
he would haze been willing to do so had
the cases for which hs was arrested been
the only charges against him.
His dcfalcations as far as known are
not large, but it is feared the two cases
which have been brought to light are but
the commencement of a series of frauds
which may reach huge dimensions. His
profits in one claim was 81, 100, being the
the back pay Of a deceased officer Of the
9Th Tennessee Cavalry, made payable 10
Abraham Miller. A @ as2nt
Senter was taken to Jail on yesterda y
and assigned quarters in the cell formerly
occupied BY Thos. G. ~Boyd.-KnoruM
Chronicle, Sh inst, a42 1854
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10
IL the RsadLnw G.. nsti,uu.maI,
EDIroRs HERALD AND TRIBUNE.

EDIT0Rs HERALDAND tribune.
Among the duties Of the Commission.
ers, it is enacted. Sec. 5, ITO assess the
tax in their respective districts" etc.,
providing. further on, for the collection in
scork or communication. &
The Supreme Court held in Mari VS..
aEnloe, LIST Yerg. ASP, that "The power Of
taxation is in its nature, legislative and
incapable Of delegation"
So essentially legislative is this power,
that it can no moro be delegated, than
can The power Of legislation.
The rule in Mari vs. Enloe was laid
down under the Constitution of 1895, and
when, in 1884, the Constitutional Con-.
avsntion, assembled, with this decision in
remembrance, they chose to modify the
taxation clauses and, authorized the del
egation Of the taxing power to counties,
for county purposes, and to Incorporated
towns, Article 2. See. 20. osl m "a
In 1868, the l4th section Of the
Amended School Law authorised the
Civil District Boards Of Education, "to
assess such a tax on property and polls,
a sshall DO necessary" etc., providing for
vote thereon, by the legal voters Of the
district. In Keesee VS.. TIE Civil Dis,
triet Board Of Education, VI. Cold. 1917,
the Supreme Court guided BY the rule
"that t~axstiou i, in its nature Legislative"
proceed to declare The implication is
irresistible, that tn, expression Of the au-
thority to delegate the power to the
counties and towns" ARTICLE 2, Section
2e,) us an absolute exclusion of author>
ity to delegate the po,rcr to any OTHER
agency" And "the purpose of the goth
Section, Article 2, was to authorize the
Legislature to confer the power of taxa
ton on counties aud Incorporated towns,
and no Other. or further"
Taxes are "a task exacted from one
who 10 under control . contribution or
service, the rendering Of which is imposed
upon . subject. or money levied upon
~ IL MHH-.L- =.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10
or Congressional Pay.
WIN. SMITH.

Sophistical attempts to confuse the po-
pular mind in regard TO the Congressional
salary steal are labor lost. The whole
matter Is too plain and simple to bewildcr
any one of average intelligence. There
was no justification whatever for increasing
the salaries Of Congressman. past or pros.
pectlve. In the present financial condi>
ton Of tho country, the people should
resent such an outrageous betrayal of their
interests as even the prospective increase
of salaries voted. The President missed
a great opportunity in not vetoipg even
ths essential appropriation bill into which
it was struggled by the combined engi>
neering Of Butler, Garfield and others,
for the very purpose Of making it more
embarrassing for the President to refuse
bis approval. This, ir substance. we
have all along plainly said. So much az
to tho prospective increase of salaries, for
a succeeding Congress and a succeeding
Presidential term. We emphatically
condemn the whole proceeding, even as a
prospective measure. asa
But we have spoken more sarneatly
and more frequently Of the far greater
and mere unblushing iniquity, BY which
members Of the late Congress voted them-
selves an extra allowance for their past
two years service. just at it's close. This
has all the moral qualities Of stealing. or
embezalsnent, with being technically .
penitentiary Offense. Congress has con-
stitutiouslly the guardianship Of the peo-
pies money, for no money can be paid
out Of the Treasury without the concur
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10
THE NEW ASSESSMENT LAW

The new Assessment law passed by the
last Legislature is in many of its feature,
vast improvement upon any We have
heretofore had. The intention of tho
law is to equalize taxation, so that the
burdens of supporting tho State Govern.
men' may rest upon all alike. How ef>
'cctive tho present law will be in bring.
ing about this much needed reform in
taxation we can only tell when VIC sec
the practical workings of it. The law i.
IN Itself very rigid, and, if properly en-
forced, will not fail to procure assessments
OF property at something near its
actual value. We do not consider
the law by any means perfect, in fact, il
is open to criticism in many respects,
some Of which We shall notice in tho flu,
ture, but taken rs whole we ,hspe the
State will derive much benefit from it.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10
SCHOOL

According to the School Law, We have
the interest on $2,512.5 500, which at six
per cent, amounts annually to $3.50, $50.
The law In the next place assesses a tax
of one dollar on each poll in the State
subject to taxation. In 1870. the census
reported 100000 voters. After making
an allowance for exemptions and non-col-
l%eetlons, it is safe to assume that we will
realize from this source not less than
$4,000. From the State then we will
have 100000 in round numbers to be
distributed annually. If tho counties
will supplement this sum by a liberal tax
VS. shall bave a very respectable school
fund in every county in the State.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10
Asrald and TribnHe.
g: Wheeler, ENRON,
M. S. Mahoney.
THURSDAY APRIL 10, 1878
wELy. DONE.

The County Court ha. 'endeared itssll
to every intelligent and e~nterDr;.ino
citizen IN the county by the straight for,
ward and manly way in which il met two
''npOrtant measures; Common School,
and Public Roads. The county WINS
divided into seven road districts and
shrse commissioners appointed ia each
district The action of the court in this
important matter will meet the approval
Of the people of the county. We need
good roads, and We are persuaded that
this prompt and decided action Of the
court will have a s%alutary effect. The
Public Roads have been too long neglec>
ted The people will willingly pay a
reasonable tax to keep the public hipb.
ways in good condition.
Let the good work go bravely on. We
cannot help rejoicing at the prospect of
having good roads and better schools
"e now s 0 that the Common School in.
s = has become = power in the county.
Inc Magistrates acted nobly in voting
sucn liberal tax. Their example is
worthy OF imitation in other counties
lUl- " h
When questions Of such general interest
as public rcnds and free school, receive
special attention from our Magistrates,
there is hope of better things for The
people of Washington County. If every
county m the State, will do as WASHING.
ION has done through her County Court,
There will be a general uprising 90 the
'''00i question in Tennessee. This IS
!u:' Naa' we want to see. This is lust the
thing for which we a, journalists desire
" .0rk' This is just the question ,c
''n 10 ae'tat0. And We take great
pressure In approaching the mau.like ,c.
ZION Of our Magistrates OF this question
mLL HONOR TO THE County CouRr or
WASHINGTON County.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10

and the punishment does more harm than
good. If the child can be made to feel
that its punishment Is just, and is inflicted
for its good, II will seldom rebel.
Teachers who threaten a great deal,
and use the rod for every trivial %ofensc,
seldom keep orderly schools. The reason
is, that the pupils brace themselves up
against such tyranny, and secretly resolve
to trangress whenever they have a chance.
The only motive appealed to is fear, and
the only feeling which stirs their breast
is hate. Children should be made to
feel that their teacher is not a tyrant who
delights to command and punish, but q
friend who is interested in their welfare.
When they understand this, then they
will strive to please aud obey, and en-
deavor to show bytheir acts that they ap>
p%reciate the kindness of their instructor.
School government consists in prevent.
ing, rather than Furnishing crime. The
most efficient way to prevent mischief is
to keep the scholars employed. It is not
enough to tell pupils to study. What do
little children know about studying books?
Children should he furnished with employ
ment which will amuse as we'll as instruct.
They should be early taught the use of
pen and pencil. The hand and the eye
should be cultivated together Very
young children can be taught to draw.
Few teachers, however, have interest
enough to introduce it into their schools.
Teachers of tact and inventive genius can
devise innumerable exercises for the pen
and pencil of their pupils. Would that
teachers took more interest in this matter
Illinois Schoolm1stcr.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10

rent action Of the Senate and House of
Representatives authorizing such payment.
They are thus the trusteesof the amounts
paid to the national tax gathers. and they
are bound by every moral obligation which
binds any person holding money in trust
to use it for the purposes intended by the
rightful owner, and to keep their W
hands of o fit, except to recei, e such com.
pensation as has been agreed upon. The
members Of the late Congress entered
upon their official duties With a distinct
understanding as to vhst they should re.
ceive as compensation therefor. Thew
had actually received nearly or quite all
this pay, aud as they were on the point of
starting home conceived the idea of grab,
bling and dividing among themselves from
100000 to 100000 of The public
money entrusted to their keeping. AT
hrst they tried to make 1t, under the lead
OF Butler, 50, 900 apiecs-about sl,soOo,.
ooo in all. This did not quite succeed.
Them was fixed at IS. 900 apiece, deduct
ing mileage and some little prerequisites
leaving total grab somewhere about ST.,
ooo'ooO. This was successfully engineer
cd through the House Of Representative,
BY Mr.. Garfield. As we have before said.
we thus obtained a pretty definite measure
OF the average virtue of the House-too
great to abstract $4,000 900 of the peo-
pies money, and just great enough to
take sl,5OO,000 and have three or four
votes to spare.
One or two sophistical twaddlers have
shown their estimate of popular ~intelli>
gence by asserting that there is no differ.
ence between members voting a retroac-
tive increase Of salary for themselves,
and a prospective increase for a future
Congress. So puerile a preten,e hardly
deserves patient attention. But let us
see how it is. 1
Between voting to increase the salaries
OF Its W members and voting to increase
the salaries of another body entirely dis
tinct, the difference is obvious. For A to
vote money into his own pocket is one
thlng-to vote it into the pocket Of r
IS quite another thing. This difference is
recognized by tho rule of the House which
forblds any member to give a vote sin the
event OF which he is Immediately and par.
tlcularly interested" To vote an increase
OF salary running backward for two years
over an account scttled, and settled nc.
cording to contract, would moreover be
an outrageous misuse of the peoples mon.
ey, even were it not in violation of the
rules of the House, of the spirit of the
Constitution, and of common deccncy, on
accoun. of immediate and particular iu>
terest. Had there been the best possible
reasons for the increase Of Congressional
salaries, there could be no Justification
whatever for doing more than to make
the increase applicable to future Con,
crosses. = Cincinnati Times.
Herald and tribune. [volume] (Jonesborough, Tenn.) 1869-current, 1873-04-10

THE SCHOOL LAW.

We trust our people will go to work
under the new school law as soon as DOS.
sible. There is a great deal to be done.
Public sentiment is not what il ought to
be respecting free schools. There is a
lingering prejudice in many sections Of
the county against taxation for school
purposes. This prejudice is rapidly Civ.
ing away under the elevatiug and refining
influences of good schools. We desire to
have the number of these schools greatly
increased and their efficiency doubled du.
ring the next two years. but can this
DC done," says n We think it can bs
accomplished. A united effort on the
part Of the friends of general education
will bring this result. Work is the magic
that We need use to bring the school in
tcrest up to that prominent position which
it ought to occupy in the estimation of
eur people. If We want better schools
we must work for them. Our efforts
shall 60 towards making all out of the
present law there is in it. The law is
good enough, Let the people do their
part and all will 60 well.