davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14
THK TRUE INVENTOR OF THE LoCoMoTIv

TIE TRUE INVENTOR OF THE LOCOMOTIVE.
On Redclay Creek-a tributary to the
Christine, running into it parallel with the
Brand y-wine, near the city Of Wilmington
"a number of mills have seated them
selves, attracted by its swift torrent, amid
scenery of sleeps and rapids comparable
to that on the Lehigh about Mauch Chunk
OF these the most interesting traditions
attach to the Falkland Mills. Their
name may remind the reader of the first
novel of the late Lord Lytton-Faulkl LAND,
written in lS28-but it was given to the
spot long before in designation of prim
tive settlement, Faulk's Land. The associa-
ton with this site is tina: of Oliver Evans,
the true inventor of the locomotive, who
here worked and dreamed 10 mill en-
rched with his contrivances.
Evans, like Fitch, is one of the world 5
lost renowns. Had the legislators of his
time possessed sagacity enough to eadow
his inventions. the advantages of steam
transport would have been nticipated by
several years, and the glory would have
radiated from the Delaware Rivers in
stead of from the Hudson. His design for
locomotive Was sent to England in 1877,
disputing priority with the "steam wag-
ons . of James Watt. He built steam boats
at Philadelphia in 1902 and 1903, and ran
them successfully, antedating by five years
the Clermout of Robert Futon-Fulton
whom people are beginning to regard
with Mr.. Stone, author of the recent His
tory Of New York, as the man who has re-
ceived the greatest quantity of undersigned
praise of all who ever lived. Oliver Evans
born in 1855 of a respectable family, was
at Falkland, where his smaller inventions
were first put in use. The plank just un
der the apex of the roof, which he used to
retire to as his private study, was shown
until 1867, when the old mill was burned.
Up among the swallows, as he lay on the
board-to which, as Beecher expresses it,
be L" brought the softness the children
of his genius were conceived and deliv-
cred.
The mill was full of his labor saving
machines. which clattered to the babbling
Redclay One of his notions was the mill
cieFdloI an ihPAo'0niohe VI oOHetuluS
he had seen in Marshall's mill at Stanton),
by which grain was raised to the top of
the building in buckets set along a revolv-
ing belt which passed from the roof to the
bottom, distributing the wheat with spouts
to the bolt. This was set up, by contribu-
tions among millers, at Shipley's great
mill in Wilmington, and also introduced
into his own, where his other inventions of
the conveyer and the "hopper.boy Z"
attracted the stares of the rival millwrights
Poor Oliver was known to the fat millers
of this neighborhood as the inconvenient
person who was always wanting the loan
of thousand dollars to carry out new
invention. The thinking men among
them sagely argued that his improvements
would benefit the consumer, by increasing
the supply of -four and making it cheap
"a clear detriment to the interest of capital.
Then Oliver plunged desperately into his
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14
MISCELLANEOUS.
Vermont Central 4. Rhine
WINTER ARRANG EMENTS.
Commencing Monday, Dec. 9, 1872.
TRAINS GOING SOUTH AND EAST.

TRAINS GOING SOUTH AND EAST.
Leave Montpelier s.55 am, IL nd 8 IS pm.
bans at $50 a. NJ connecting at White River Junction
and Bellows FA with trains tor Boston, Worcester
&C., and at White River junction with trains on ras
sumpsc Railroad South Vernon Tor sprineneId anu
New YORK at New London, with Steamer tor New
York.
Day Express leaves Montreal $40 ST. Johns,
at 1000 am, Ogde usburg al $50 a.m Pattsbargh al
500 a.n st. Adams at 1900 M, arriving In Boston
Night Express leaves Ogde nsburg at 90 M, Plats
burg 30 pm, Montreal at 80 pm, ST. Johns at 4.oo
pm. ST. Adams a72o pm. connecting at Whte RIVER
Junction and Bellows Falls with trains tor Boston ahd
Worcester &C. arriving inBoston al $50 am, al south
Vernon with trains tor Springfield and New York
arriving in New York al 1870 P.m, and IN ne" Lon
TRAINS GOING NORTH AND WEST.
Leave Montpelier $50 and 7.45 am, and 42O and
6.l5 pm.
bay Express leaves Boston via Lowell at 800 am.
for Burlington, St. Adams, Montreal, sc, arriving in
Montreal at 9.45 pm, and Ogdensourg al ID a.h'
making connection for the West.
Mail Train for Bnrng ton and ST. Albans leaves BIOS
ton via Lowell II at 700 am. via Lawrence and FIch
burgh at 100 am Springfield 500 am, New
don 800 am, South Vernon at 1000 am, Bel
lows Fails 1900 m, WhiIeRiver junction s-"'p III
arriving in ST. Adams at 9.25 pm.
Trains leaving Boston via FItchburgh Al i.ou dun
and Springfield at 500 AM, cOnnec at WHITE RIVER
junction with Day Express train.
Accommodation Tram leaves Northield at 1.30 am
RUTLAND at SOD a.m Burlington at 9 90 am, 81. Al
bans at 1900 M, 81. John at $50 pm, arriving In
Night Express leaves New London at 244 pm.
South Vernon at 9jo p m, receiving passengers ifo
Connecticut River Railroad, leaving New YORK a.
300 p m., Springfield $40 pm, Bellows Falls il2C
D. . connecting with trains Cheshire Railroad
leaving Boston $50 M, correcting at White River
junction with train leaving Boston at 600 PM, foi
Burlington, St Adams Montreal &C, arriving in Mon
| treal at 9.45 am, Plattsbureh 1890 am, and IN
Ogdensburgh, l245 pm, connecting with Granc
| Trunk Railway for the West.
Sleeping Cars attached the night Express Tra1r
| running between Montreal and Boston, and Montrea
and Springfield, and ST. Adams and Troy.
| Drawing Room Cars day Express Trains between
| Montreal and Boston.
Through tickets for Chicago and the West tor safe
the principal stations.
| q. MERRILL, GenI Superintendent
| st. AbaDs. Dec 9. 1872.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

GARDENING FOR LADIES.-How many en-
thusiasts there are now to be found among
the gentle sex, in behalf of gardening or out
door exercise for ladies. 1t is quite refresh
ing to read such a dainty little story as this,
told by Julia Coleman:
q know one lady whose sensible doctor
told her twenty years ago that she was half
gone with consumption, and that her only
chance of lie was to be in the open air as
much as possible. And a perfect bower of
Paradise was her little yard. Was the soil
poor? She enriched it Were her varieties
Indifferent She procured better. Nearly
all her flowers were fragrant. Fifteen dit
ferent kinds roses bloomed under her hands,
and succession of fIwers filled out the sum
mer. One side of the yard was covered with
grapes Peaches, pIums, and raspberries were
trained es palier, and choice squashes ripened
on the out-ho uses. Tomatoes were trained
to single poles and yielded luxurlantly; and
ruby strawberries peeped out even from the
bleaching grass. She, herself, was as fresh
and vigorous as you could expect one to be
whose halt decayed lung had left her with
insufficient vitality. But her life was saved
and it had been happiness to herself and a
blessing to others.
She Is right, too, when she says that more
than half the credit for the ornamentation OF
our door yards and homes, is due to the Ia
dies who push the men up to their duty.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

CAULIFLowER AND ITS CULTURE.-Cauli-
flower plant should be transplanted at such
distances as are suitable for common cabbages.
Ii is rough feeder-consequentl the soil
can hardly be too rich for its growth. De-
cayed vegetable matter is lavorite food for it +,
though compost Of muck, ashes and lime or
plaster, proves an excellent substitute Soap
suds is an agreeable condiment. Frequent
hoelngs, especially in dry seasons, hasten is
growth. 1t is the natural tendency of the
plant to protect and shelter the head while
forming, with the large leaves with which it
is provided. The effect of this is to blanch
them almost to Transparency, and of course
removes all disposition to toughness, which
an exposure to the atmosphere would be
likely to promote. Whenever the leaves
show an inclination away from the head
they may be easily brought to cover it by
placing them upward in the morning, and
and thus habituatlng them to grow up and
cover the head, instead of downward,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

CURING RENNET " consists of the
caseine of milk, separated and condensed
10 effect this separation, coagulatiOn or
- curdling" must take place, and nothing
has hitherto been found to accomplish this
50 perfectly as the prepared stomach OF
the calf. The several steps are as follows:
The stOmachs, fresh from the hands of the
butcher, are cleaned and salted, and then
closely packed in deep earthen vessel. In
this state they should lie for several months.
\ few weeks previous to use they are taken
out and drained OF all brine, then spread out !,
sprinked with salt. and dried. A couple CT
pieces, say four or five square inches, oil
these are STEPPED in pint OF warm water, in
which has been dissolved halt tablespoon
ul OF salt. Let this stand over night, and
the result will be quantity of rennet suti-
cient for one hundred gallons of milk.
Another method, on larger scale, is to
procure large jar, the larger the better, in
the bottom of which carefully drill three
quarter or talf-inch hole. Ia this hole fit a
stout wooden tap, to be used in draining off
the liquid Next make brine strong enough
ID bear an egg. Boil half an hour and when
quite cold pJur into the jar, adding for every
two gallons of the water SIX wells or prepared
,tlmachs, a sliced lemon, and an ounce OF
satpetre other well-f4vered spices may be
added at pleasure, as they tend to keep the
rennet in good condition. Tits should be
prepared three or four months before using
Great care should be taken in all cases thai
the wells are sound and sweet an that the
salt used is of the first quality. Rennet thus
made will coaguate one thousand eight hun
dred times its weight in milk Western Ru
raj.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

How TO PUT IN BoLrs.-If there is thing
which is utterly detestable and hateful to
look upon by strict observer, and one who
has general knowledge Of what is right. it
is too see the heads of bolts driven down be-
low the surface of the wood. The bolt has
certain duty to perform, and where that duty
is the securing of piece of iron to wood, or
WOOD to iron, If the head of the bolt sets
firmly upon the iron, it is all that is required {;
but when we commence to draw upon the
bolt until the head sets below the surface of
the wood, that moment We commence de-
stroying the fibre of the wood and aid the
premature rotting at that one point, for no
matter how nicely painted or how neatly
puttied up, there will soon be a cavity for
The retention of a few drops of water. This
alone would be enough to condemn the prac-
tice, to say nothing of the other results it
produces Journal.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

CULTURE AND FAITH-There is no more
lorlorn sight than that of a nam highly
gifted. deliberately cultivated. with all the
other capacities of his nature strong aud
active, but those of faith and reverence dor
mant. And this, be it said, is the pattern oil
mau in which culture, made the chief good
wOnId most likely issue. On the other hand,
when it assumes its prober place, i'll
umined by latin, and animated by devout
aspiration, it acquires dignity and depth
which of itself it ctnnot Attn From faith
1t receives its highest and most worthy OBJ
lects. 1t is chasteued AM purified from
self-reference and concent. Ii is pr4zed no
longer, merely for It's own sake, or because
1t exalts the possessor of ii, but because 1t
enables him to be of use to others who
have been less fortunate. In a word,
ceases to be self-isolated and seeks to COM
municate itself as widely as it may. So
culture is transmitted from an intellectual
attainment into a spiritual grace. This
seems the light IN which all who are admit
ted to higher cultivation should learn to
regard their endOwments, whatever they be
Principal Sharp.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14
gortru.
Spring in New England.
BY JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL.

- "A'lEo hUNSELL LOW ELL.
There seems to come hitch-things lag be-
hid,
Till some fine morning, Spring makes up bel
mind
An ez when snow-swelled rivers crash their
dams,
Heaped up with ice that dovetails in an Jams
leak comes spritin' thru some pine-hole
cleft.
Grows stronger, fereer, tears out right and
left;
Then all the waters bow themselves and
come,
Suddin, in one great slope O. shedderin
foam;
Jes' so our Spring gifts ever ythin' in tune
An gives one leap from April into June;
Then all comes crowdin' in afore you think.
The Oak-buds mist the sde-hill wood with
pink,
The cat-bird in the laylock bush is loud,
The orchards turns to heaps o rosy cloud,
In ullum shrouds the Fl shin hang,ird clings.
An for the summer vygo his hammock
sings.
All down the loose walled lanes in archin'
bowers
The bobby drOops its string o golden flow
ers,
Whose shrinkin hearts the schoolgirls love
to try
With pins they'll worry yourn 50, boys.
bimeby!
But 1 don't like your atIogue stye-do
your
Ez if to sell all nature by vendoo;
One word with blood in't'S twice as good ez
two
huff sed, June's bridesman, poet o the year
G!aduess on wings, the bOboink is here;
Half hid in tlp-t p apple blooms he swings,
Or climbs against the breeze with qulverIn
wings,
Or, givn' wy to t in rock despair,
Runs down, brook o laughter, thru the
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

FENCEs.-I give you my experience IN
making line or 70 I'd fences, where the ground
is suitable: Strike a furrow through ON the
line, and 90, say some four or five bouts, as
it is called, according to width OF pillow, throw
ing the burrows together. When this be-
comes settled. in a few days 90 over it again
until you have raised it all you can in that
way. Take plank SIX or eight feet long,
with something fastened on Tor handles to
hold it by, with strip of band iron on the
edge, and commence at the outside furrow
and raise the earth as much as you like la
this way you can make bank equal to one
half or more of fence that is permanent when
1t beco mes turled over alter seeding. The
posts will last longer set in this way.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

waited in Italy, as now, but in what form it
Was gH wn in ancient Egypt is not determin-
ed. 1t is thought probable at the narrow
leaved variety was irst introduced, and after
that the Roman, and then the common vari-
cites followed. The common plant has doubt
less arisen from the cultivation of the mar
row leaved, while the Roman winter fax and
the Linum anabiguum constitute the inter-
mediate stages. The original home of the
cultivated fax was, therefore, along the
shores of the Mediterranean. The Egyptians
had probably cultivated it, and from them
its use was doubtless disseminated. 1t is
possible that the wild variety and the winter
fax were grown elsewhere at the same time
when the cultivated variety had long since
driven them out of use in Egypt.-London
Nature.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14
che family Circle.

The CHARM OF RESERVE. DO not be
too anxious to give away yourself, to
wear your heart upon your sleeve. 1t
is not only unwise. it is wrong to make
your secret soul common property. For
you bring the delicate things of the
heart into contempt by exposing them to
those who can not understand them. If
you throw pearls before swine, they will
turn again and rend you. Nor, again,
should you claim too mnch openness, as
duty due to you, from your child, your
friend. your wife, or your husband. Much
of the charm Of life is ruined by exacting
demands of confidence. Respect the
natural modesty of the soul its more deli
cate flowers Of feeling close their petals
when they are touched too rudely. Wait
with curious love-with eager interest,"
for the time when, all being harmonious
the revelation will come of its own accord
undemanded. The expectation has its
charm, for as long as life has something to
learn, life is interesting; as long as a
friend has something to give, friendship is
delightful. Those who wish to destroy all
mystery 10 those they love. to have every
thing revealed, are unconsci ousIy killing
their own happiness. 1t is much to be
with those who have many things to say
to us which we cannot bear now. 1t is
much to live with those who sometimes
speak to US in parables-if we love them.
Love needs some Indebtedness in order to
keep it's charm. Respect, which saves
love from the familiarity which degrades
it, is kept vivid when We fell that there is
mystery in those We love which comes OF
depth of character. Remember that in
violating your own reserve, or that of
another, you destroy that sensitiveness of
character which makes so much of the
beauty of character and beauty of char
acter is not so common as not to make it a
cruel thing to spoil it.-Rec. Stopford A.
Brooks.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

To CLEAN CLOTu.-Grease may be removed
from cloth with a mixture of curd soap DIS
solved in water and oxgaIl. This should be
we'll rubbed in till spots of grease, etc., dis
appear. Then sponge over with warm wa
ter, to which little soap aud more oxgall
have been added. Rinse in clean water, and
when nearly dry press with hot iron on the
wrong side. Fuller's earth may be added to
the soap mixture for black cloth, and light
clothes my be cleaned by merely covering
tuem with paste of pipe-clay and water g.,
letting it dry, and tnen brushing it off with
a clean brush.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14
$uttry.
Two Pictures.

An old farmhouse with meadows wide,
And sweet with clover on each side;
A bright-eyed boy who looks from out
The door with woodbine wreathed about,
And Wishes. his one thought all day;
" Oh, if could but fly away
From this dull spot the world to see,
How happy, happy. happy,
How happy should be -
Amid the city's constant din,
A man who round the world has been,
Who,, mid the tumult and the shrong,
Is thinking, thinking all the day long;
"Oh, could only tread once more
The field path to the farmhouse door,
The old green meadow could l see,
How happy, happy, happy,
How happy shonld be !"
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14
NUTR1TIyE MEAT JELLY.-Dr. Ansti,

NUTRITIvE MEAT JELLY.-Dr. Ansti, in
his lectures on diseases of the nervous system,
says that when it is ecessary to give con-
densed nutriment in the smallest possible
bulk, :. nothing equals this jelly" >" Lea n
beef fillet, pounds; lean veal, 3 pounds;
lean mutton, 3 pounds; cut up small and put
into a saucepan with no water; simmer
(never boiling) by the side of the fire for
eight hours strain the liquid (trom small
quantity of tasteless, insoluble fibre that re-
mains,) and let it jellify into solt mass.
This is an immensely concentrated meat,
minus very little but the water which has
been driven off; teaspoonful or two OF 1t Is
a wonderful support. and can be taken every
hour with ease.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

To PRESERVE ROBES AND OTHER fURS -
The following directions may prove OF value
to parties putting away lurs for the su miner !:
For sleigh robes and such articles, select a
common wooden box large enough to contain
what robes a person has, spread IN and
around the sides of the box sheets of manila
paper; then told the robes as near the sha Pc
of the box as possible and lay them in; take
few sheets Of the telt or tarred paper used
for roofing and lay them between The folds
The smell OF the roofing paper is so offensive
to the insects that they will give 1t wide
berth
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

CURRANTs.-A correspondent OF the COun-
try Gentleman says: 81 have given ten
years careful attention to the cultivation OF
small fruits, on Just half an acre of ground
like the list, with a few exceptions. but
think that in regard to those exceptions pos
slbly my experience may benefit beginners.
Il AN surprised to see cherry currante
recommended in preference to the Versailles.
have tested the cherry currant carefully
[ ave had them growing side by side with
the Versailles for years, and finding them so
unproductive that they don't pay for the
room they occupy, shall discard them entire
ly, and replace them with Versailles; which
IN my garden, through all these years of de-
struction by currant worms, have kept Wig
o1ous by good cultivation and the prompt
application of white helIeborc to keep off the
worms, and have been rewarded with such
wonderfully prolific crops of large, fine fruit
as to surprise every one who saw them. L
hink there is no favorable comparison be-
tween them and the cherry currant, except
IN size Of berry The Versailles is richer in
flavor; OF fl Shy conslstence, like fine
cherrs, and the fruit hangs much longer on
the bus shes.
" Instei d Of being unproductive they are
remarkably prolific, and for three years past
mine have sold readily at eighteen cents
pound. Two years ago last summer L sent
tbem to New York when cherry currants
were quoted from eight to twelve cents In
marke +, and they returned me eighte cents
4 pound. When perfectly ripe, picked fresh
and served with nice sugar, 1 think there Is
scarcely any lruit more luscious for the table,
besides being excellent canned, either alone
or to mix with raspberries.
= At first, among others, set out white
Dutch currents, tut found them worthless
compared with white grape, and have dis
carded them also.
- | fad the red Dutch better for jelly than
the Versailles and Guilty lie them for that
purpose only, for which they bring me tea
cents d quart
- Four years ago, l bought young bushes
of a kind called yellow imperial and recon-
uended as stronger growers than the waite
grape; but they seemed TO me identical.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

idea Of steam-motion. losing the faint yes
tiges of his repute for wit, and died poor
and heart-broken in 1919, the hero Of an
unwritten tragedy. The happy hours OF
his life were the hours On the dusty plank
in the mill-gable at Faulkland.-Lippin-
sott's Magazine,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1873-05-14

A STRONG CEMENT FOR GLASS AND PoRCE-
LAIN-Two parts of isinglass are soaked 10
water until we'll swollen; the water is then
poured off, and the isiDglass is dissolved in
alcohol by the aid of heat. One part OF
mastic is then dissolved in three parts OF al
cohol aud auded to the above solution; then
one part of gum ammoniacum. The soiu-
ton is well shaken, and evaporated to the
consistency of strong glue, when it solldifies
on cooling For use, the cement and the
articles themselves must be warmed.