davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1873-11-30
Terrific. Prairie Fire--A Struggle to
Snvo the Town or Vcrm ilton, Dnk.

snvo the Town or Vcranilton, Dak.
1cF.
r<rniIion, D. T. <xov ao D'.paseh TO thu ssous city
A prairie fire vas discovered west OF this town
tion before q aerco gale. The Town-Marahal
broke fre-guards. Al p. NJ. the fire Ind roach.
cd the wcat bank Of tho Vernilion River, and
waa kept from lenping the stream by the o1or-
tions Of our citizens, many Of whom bad tcams
nafoty. The down freight train On tho Dakota
Southern Railroad coupled all tho cars on tho
Hide-track together roady to convoy the cars
aud onr people out Of the reach Of the aamos
ualtios are reported: About e1o,ooo worth Of
property ln the Immediate vicinity OF Mecklng
Station, house, stables, and eiTeoiH OF John
Thompson aud D. Tucker; stables and grim of
Of q. Il. Truo. rio bridge across tho Vornaiiion
aud tic fine residence and burn Of n. 1sussel,
near by, were saved with difficulty. Other casu-
altios will DO reported in tho morning. AZ this
northwest Of the town, whole trees being enyol-
oped with flame, but no tmmeaiate danger is ap-
pretended OF It's crossing tho river. 4 report is
circulated that throe lives wore lost in tho fire
tAi6 afternoon. ", 4. Il. OWENS.
Froas the sfou1 CITY journal, Nov. as.
Superintendent blcohllng. who returned from
Vormilion at o'clock last night, says the fire
WAS An appalling sight. The wind blew with
oma ~ nra IT,, oeang WILL "at Tha o1
conrt'e of Tia fire. . was from tho Wsst: runninp
ppnnsf " s 'r fro t nR dsneer ua ,Vn s
tfpat ,ha er" .snn,i ,oan ~" n,rrnw straan, "nJ
rnn tn ,uo ths wv, ona n oe ~ to
II did cross, but nearly tho entire male popnla-
ua ~ ha,,l .ua foM"ht II ort hafnra i con,A
eain ean aaan nav e" ths hnttnm s1ora tho
San Sso nmod ~. cnne;dnro,,o t,nhar sd t1,o
danas ewo,,d lam ~ ia tree"tn'na A srheu
t an1s mnu.n % nap & ~ e o "4Sa ~
.au ""uu 10 s". eat ~ ~ s4o
aaa'noa ~ s rasch;n a. theT nav - tb d..
onoa f,,r w. ~ - +na A. v"a +o@e;ao
M lonr n ~ ", ~ - "sa Ine 80 ~.
u'er a ng Pa, ; IA e1 u %'uao H.. ss ~
tnro" .o l Mnu oa o. ,' eo Saa sn,a
nao s,, H. ta. r,,et -, el.u
@ sssucu W su a4us' ~, @la .1aao5
.Atonsea .uo ssseetn, lunutue tusnIt aue tn''he1
, 1873-11-30

Frauds nt the Lnte E1ection--ElcctIon-
Day Subscriptions tor tho Memphis
6nfRerorn. ~
Nav YonR, Nov. 2o-0ounael for Tammany
HILL, collecting evidence Of frauds praoticod at
the late election, have submitted papors to tho
District Attorney covering sixty election dis
triots aud involving 100 persons.
The amount COLLECTED ct tho various polling
places on election day for the reliat Of Memphis
was $5,400.
r, LIBEL SUIT. .
Judge AicCue, OF brooklyn, has begun libel
snit against the New York Tribune, placing his
damages at 100000.
, 1873-11-30

SUICIDE.

Tr11sv1nrH. pn., Nov. 2o.- j. ". Simpson,
resident Of st. Petersburg. in this State, oosa-
mittol suicide by shooting himself with re-
volver. yesterday afternoon. Tho ball onterel
over tho right eye. No reason eau be assigned,
except temporary insanity.
q lawyer in ths city, committed suicide this a..
ternoon at his naother's residence Oh Spruce
streot, By p,Btoi nhot through HIS bead. killing
Him almost INSTANTLY. No reasone aro yet known
foF thq ot %sxp hf 1ts qayy. sy oator Of
tho Corinno Reporter, who committed suicide On
Tucslay last, It ls stated, vas impolled to thu
rash ncs BY halluclnation surorlndncod by an
intogyiow with a spiritual medium hero named
Toatot, from New York.
, 1873-11-30
PHILADELPHIA.

: N1E-tSVGlS
Special Nspatch 10 tbs Chicago Tribune.
PHILADELPHIA, Pa, Nov. 26.-Thors WAS no
special change to notice In to!day's transactions
In tho money market. BusinoBs waa tolorably
lively In tho demand both for bnsnoss and speo-
ulativo purposes. However, thero VAS no prcs-
suro, tho supply being ample for all current re-
quiromente. Gail loans aro quoted ut 0 to per
cont, and primo mercantile acoepsanooa to 12
por cent. Quito number Of railroad aud otl1or
diyidouds are payable on aud aftor the lat
proximo.
COAE.
THO PcnnBylvapfs Conl Company have issued
thoir Dooomher circular. wlltoh Announces ro-
ducod rate Of DO cents por ton on all aizes from.
tho November rates.
, 1873-11-30
No Remarkable Developments
in Wall Street Yesterday.
Tho Pittsburgh National Trust Com
pany Frautls---FurtlIer
Developments.
Comptroller Knox on the Causes Of
the Recent Panic.
A New Eric Loan on the English
Market.


NEW 1oHNs
, REGULAR atAnKET REPORT.
New YonK, Nov. 29.-Tho settlement Of tho
Spanish question, Dismissal Of tho Credit-hfo-
billor suit, and favorable bank Btatomont caused
buoyant tono for titno today. and there was
general rally in prices. but as the final oloHe
tho market WAS lower md unsettled, In conae-
auonco Of somo doubts about tho settlement Of
tho Spanish question, In connection With rumUra
OF riot in HaYann, tho sinking Of the Vrgtnius,
and concentration Of rations and equipments for
largo army ut Key West.
in active demand at currency to gold.
FonEIoN EXCHANGE
closed up firm; pine bankorH sf1ty days ator-
ling selling ut 107sat@107s1; sight, 10S26@10s24-
GOLD
closed steady at 109@1O016 nates paid for car
rying, 8-84, 1-le, 7, @, and per cont gold. The
iinnl ratio was per cont. Cloarancos, $40. .000,-
600. Treasury operntlonB for the week horo In
oluded disbursements of $1,000, 600, md tho ro-
ceipt Of 81, 400, 900 for customs. Imports eame
time, 90. 1885, 900, a8,031, 900 being merchandise,
and s858, ,000 dry goods.
GOVERNMENTS
strong, with considerable buslnoBB.
State noNp8
quiet, except Union Pacific incomes, which Wero
active st hIghor figures.
STOCKS.
advance OF u to ~ por cont up to midday, from
decline ranged from II to per cent, and thoro
tho final close tho market waa barely stondy.
Atar1fnu 1b77<
, 1873-11-30
Poisoned.

Rcvon Deaths in NOntronl from Drink
in: Vino OF ColchIcum By Mistake
for Sherry.
MONTREAL, Cau., Nov. 29.-Four additional
victims havo been added to tho accidental poi
soning case, making the total number Of deaths
soyon. Flvo persons aro etill In q prccarioua
condition. It appears ono OF the men dead took
from 4 sleigh standing In tho atreet h bottle
containing wine Of colchionm, which he suppos-
cd to be sherry. This he shared with the in.
matos OF Tho tonemont in which ho livod and
, 1873-11-30

MRS. Ann Eliza Young Starts on Her
Crusade AEatnat PolyEanay.
gALr LAKE, Utah, Nov. 29.--Ann Eliza, Brig
ham Young's nineteenth wlfo* left yesterday for
the Enat OH her mission sgainat Polygamy. Hor
departure several days before tho timo t11ed Ia
stated by hor friends to have been caused by tho
fact that she Ind thought efforts would bo mado
to prevent the fulftllment Of her intontion. She
viii speak in Now York aud Washington.
, 1873-11-30
PHILADELPHIA TAVERN LICENSES,

Special utspatoh to The Chicago Tribune.
puILApELpm1A, Nov. 20.-At the Court OF
Quarter beysions, Judge Fenletsa prosidtng, the
Grand Jury for tho November torn made their
final ptoaentmont to-day, In which they reoom-
mend that tho tee Tor tavern Ncnnaps ha iuoreaa-
ed to 81 coo.
, 1873-11-30

NEW Yong, Nov. 20.--Frauk L. Taintor tho
defaulting Gashier OF the Atlantic Bank, WIS
aontencod to sayen yeara' confinement in tho
Albany ponitentiary.
Robert Porter, the juror In tho Stokes murder
aentoncod to-day, by Judge Davis. to two months
imprisonment aud to pay a hne OF s10Q.
L. 8. Jones' WON held IN 80, 900 ball to-day on
charge OF selling forged Buffalo, N, X, railroad
boula,
, 1873-11-30

NEW ERIE LOAN.
LONDON, Nov. 29.-1'he. Rail.oay Ne,os, the
English organ Of tho Erie Railway Company,
publishes proposal for the issue Of $22, 600 900
moro Of ordinary Eric shaross, at 95 currency:
instead Of issuing bonds This, tho proposal
aays. will DO measure Of greater financial
aoundnoBs, and will make tho total sharoe Of tho
capital stock 800 900 coo, which ia NOT too largo
when tho vaBt amount Of lines now leased By tho
Eric Company ID taken into consideration.
, 1873-11-30

NEw Yo1K, Nov. 20.-1fombora Of tho Ro7.
Dra. Storrs and Buddington's Congregational
Churches, Brooklyn, have adopted resolutions
providing for calling . national council to tako
action upon tue rocent declaration OF tho Ply
mouth Church {tho Row Mr. Doccher'a) denying
the right OF one Congregational Church to mako
inquiry into the government, political belief, or
department OF another.
, 1873-11-30

Special Dispatcl. to The Chicago Tribune
Os1lkosl1, Wis; Nov. 29.-N. Il. Mar
nIln1l, Of Hamilton, to-day took poasoasion Of
the Btore OF Samuel 81. Bonus, clothing dealer,
who has been thrown into bankruptcy by hta
Chicago creditors.
, 1873-11-30
CASUALTIES.


Three QhtldEan Drowned.
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 20.-Three children were
drowned by tho sinking Of canal-hoat In the
Delaware River, noar Dordentown,, n. j., On
Thursday morning. The Captain and hia wife
saved themselves,
, 1873-11-30

BEL1EYnIE,' Ont. Nov. 20.--Tho burning Of
a building here laBt night, in which number Of
Industries were carried on, throws about forty
mon out OF employment, and causes loss on
property OF s25 5000.~ -
, 1873-11-30

BANK BTATFMENTs TT
Tho roollly banlz statement ehows: Ioans,
decrease, ssl45.0o0 specie, decrease, 92,40o,-
900; 1egal-tenderB, inoroaBo, s4,50D,n 200; do
pusita, increaso 4G,600,0o0; circulation, do
oreaso, sG1 900.
THE CURRENCY VOLUME,
Some prominent capitalists representing
Western intorosts, and WHO arc now in thia city.
llud audiences with various bankers yesterday,
for the purpose OF ootainlng an understanding
of monetary affairs ut this centre, aud to doter-
mino what course Hau,.fd bo pursuol III the fu-
turo by Western banking ipatitl1tiolls. They
tho President. tho Secretary OF the Treasury,
anu eomo maznbcra of Oongross during visit to
Washington, wllouce they have just returned
aud cxprossad their convictions TINT in some
form or other IN enlargement Of tho currency
volume would be made.
, 1873-11-30
KANSAS CITY LIVESTOCK MARKET.

Special Dispatch 10 This Chicago Tribune.
KANsAH crIz, No., Nov: 9o.-CATTLE-Iittlo doing.
No receipts or inquiry from fccdcrs and packors:
sales Of Colorado and Tetaa steera, s26o; Though
Texans do, $l.50 do cowst s1.G0.
Hoas-Receipts, 1855. Market unchanged. Urgont
fa3.76
, 1873-11-30

DuDuQuE, Iowa, Nov. 28.-Indepondenee' WAS
visited with disastrous fire last night, dostroy
Ing Loytz's Block saloon Bono l. bTcCarthors
cigar atore. and 8oonor's harness shop, tngether
with several other businoss houses. The sat-
mated loss ID Bic, 600 partly injured. :.
, 1873-11-30

NEW YoaK, Nov. 29.-At 2;.l0 this afternoon
William n: Tweed VA taken IN private sarrlago
n|achwcla Island, IL Charge Of Daputy Bheriffa
Shields aud dalo. Flo WAS accompanied by hiH
sou, Gen. William M. Twaed and Lis sotl-lu-law,
Mr. MoGinnis, Of Now OrloanR, a largo crowd
wltuoBset his departure,
, 1873-11-30
OCEAN STEAMSHIP NEWS.

/. New YonK, Nov. 2o.-Arrived $50 Steamship
Etna, from Liverpool.
LoNpbA, Nov. 10.-8teamshlps Java, from
Now York, and frankfort, from Now Orleans.
have arrived out.
NEW YonH, Nov. 2o.--Asrivod- -stoamship Do
pau, from Memaa,
, 1873-11-30
VESSELS PASSED DETROIT,

DETROIT. Mich., Nov. 29-pAasEp Dowx-propx
Oneida, China, padger Stats, Passaic, Colorado. No
braska; scars Frank 1arker, Mary Collins, Cambria
Thistle, William Homo, Lille P8rsonB.
PASSED Ur-propa Ouba, Arizonu, Dallantiue; aehr
Havana, %
WfsD-SoutAwcst-gsryc cold.
, 1873-11-30

PouonxzEpa1s, N, T., Nov. .2o.-Navigatlon
north Of Nhinobeok IL effoctually closed, aud all
tho Uppor nudaon boAta have gone into ~lntos
Quartora, :. r,
, 1873-11-30
Careless Contractors Arrested for III nn-
90 slaughter.

New YolK, Nov. 2o.--John ". Crawford and
Mctsol pfortner, builders having In charge tho !.
structure In Weat Eleventh street whiol tsll
two montha ago.. killing segen peraons, hayo
boon ar1ostod and hold In el0, 1000 ball each on =
charge Of mansi&ugltes In tho 0rst degree,
, 1873-11-30

MONTREAL, Nov. 2o.-smith & Cos. tobacco
factory, on Quoen streat, burned this q. m.
Losa on stock aud machinery, CSC, 900. hsur-
suce $40, 600.
, 1873-11-30
PACKING nj CINCINNATI.

C1HoHNAr1, Nov. 2o.-Tho number Of hogs
slaughtered the past weok ts n, coo. The whole
number since Nov. !, I'll ,Vooi Same ttEuo last
year, t40QQ0.
, 1873-11-30

T1rugv11LE, Pa, Nov. ao.-A fire occurred At
parkor's Landing Last night, burning twelve
buildings. The loss is $4,000, and tho ineur-
ance $4,000. .,.-
, 1873-11-30

DLooM1NoroN, ILL.,, Nov. 2o.-Tho body Of n
man named Keenan, was found 1aBt night In .
cora-God two miles weHt OF town. Hla family Is
aaid to reside In Ohloago+
, 1873-11-30

INTEHEHIlN1 BTATIHI1CH.
WARRINGTON, D. T., Nov. 20-The following
statement haa been prepared, showing what
amount OF National Uank currency, loRal-tanler
notes. aud fractional currouoy have hoen iBsuedup
, 1873-11-30
MURDERER EXECUTED.

FAN Francisco, CAL, Nay. 2a.--D. II, Hall, tor
tue murder Of John Copeland, WIS., executed Ut
Austin. Nevada. to-day.
, 1873-11-30

MADRID. Nov. 90.-Firng wAs removed Aercolv
at Cartagena, Oh both sliloH, after tho ternlns.
tton Of tho four hours arntstiao obtained By tha
officers Of foreign Hqundrons.
, 1873-11-30

GOVERNMENT FINANCES.
WAsn1EoToN D. G., Nov. 29.-Intornal royo-
nuo receipts for tho mouth, 80, 784, ,050 for the
fiscal year, $80, 018 ,48o.
, 1873-11-30
FOREIGN.


LONDON, Nov. 20.--Dy an acoldant, tllia morn.
ing, un tile Midland Railway, iloar LolooBtor. M.
toon porsons wero injurod-ouo fatally.
, 1873-11-30

T1VeedsA COnmECl LoctNfed aud FInods
New YonK. Nov. 20.-Judge payis to-day fined
MessrH. Graham, Fullerton, and ". O. Bartlett,
tho senior moulbers Of the counsel Of Tweed In
tho lato trial, $3.50, after subjooting them to q
sharp lecture for broaoh Of goul morals In
handiug him a paper giving their rcasona why
ho should not preside at iho tSrlal. Tho junior
mcmbora Of tile counsel wcro let of with rop~
rimand. The courtroom was densely, packod
with the moet distinguished lawyers, aud Judge
Davis, in tho course Of Aia ronlarka, waa fre~
qucutly Applaudpl.
, 1873-11-30

New YonK, Nov 2o.-Ingersoli's bodybuilding
establishments on South street, burned tonight.
Loss, 40,000
, 1873-11-30

CHICAGO EVENING BOARD,
EVENING Dolnp, CHICAGO, Nov. 29-9 p. na.-s,lss
at Evening Board, $50 brs mess pork, ealcr Decom-
ber. At $500.
, 1873-11-30
Murder OF a mnn by. His 1nsane
Brother,

DunuquE, Ia, Nov. pa letter from Potosi,
1es s %'ss sraara ds fa of ts sf s9s hS of
man by bis insane brother this morning. About
Q o'clock, as two brothers named ALBERT and
Luke Turner, were at work at IMMORAL well,
the younger brother, Abort, aged a, while
working at tho windlass, was attacked and in
stantly killed. by third brother, named Rob-
crt, with an AK, aud his lifeloHs body
thrown into the well where tho other was At
work. Altar committing this horrible decd tho
murdoror escaped, but waB capturod between Po.
tosi and Lancaster, Via, about noon, md brought
back. The prisoner is supposed to have boon
Insane for somo time past. Tho murdered man
was horribly mutilated, having rocoiyad two larga
9ashea. one on the shoulder aud ono on tho back
of the nco1--the latter nearly soverng the head
from the body, and cauaing Instant death.
, 1873-11-30

The Gray Arson Case In Bloomington.
special Dispatch to Tho chicaao Tribune.
DLooM1NoroN, ILL.,, Nov. 29.-rho jury in tho
Gray arson case, falling to agree hayo 1oen dis
charged. :.
The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1873-06-19
Earnings of the American People.

In your paper lately, says O CORE
spondent writing to New York journal,
was o paragraph headed, "Average
Earnings in the United States" in
which there was this statement:
1t appears from the last census returns
of the wealth, the population and earn
ings of the United States, "that the
average annual earnings of the whole
American people do not exceed $500 a
year each.
The population of the United States
in June, 1870, was 3S, ,555, 9S3, and an
average of earnings of $500 to each
person would make the sum of $50, S44,-
786,40 The total value of the whole
real and personal property of the coun-
try was estimated in 1910, according to
the true value in the census, at $50, ,O69,-
519,5 less by $776, 267, 1893 than the
annual earnings of the whole Amori-
can people" at 5000 each. The mere
statement of this carries along with it
the evidence of it's error. The average
earnings of the whole American people
at 1925 each, gives to each family of
five persons the sum of 1925. This
estimate is too high. The census report
of 1870 estimates the value of all farm
productions, including betterments and
additions to stock, at $2,447, ,53S, 65S !;
and the value of all our manufactured
product for 1870 ut "a, 232, 1876, 442, maxi
ing n total gross value of our agricul-
tural and manufactured product for
that year of Sc, 679, 1854, 100. Mr. David
A. Wells, in his report as Special Com
missioner, in 1869, estimates the values
created by the leading industries of the
country at $4,323, 100000. The agri-
cultural industry he estimated at 49,
1S2, ,950,000.
In the supplement to the annual re-
port of the Special Commissioner, pre-.
pared by Mr.. Wells, in which the cost
of labor and subsistence is given in the
several States in almost every employ
ment, the average weekly earnings of
operatives in cotton mills in the United
States in 1869 was 1886, gold. This
would make the earnings of each opera
tive for the year, in currency, 1857. 81.
In the Southern States, the average
daily wages paid for farm and other
labor was 81. 90, without board, for ex-
perienced hands in summer.
Mr.. Wells estimates the average earn
ings of 4,705,000 common laborers,
domestic servants, and of all distribu-
tors, at $34O per annum to each person.
He also estimates the average earnings
of all the agriculturists and persons
engaged in the railway service and
fisheries, and in cotton. woolen, and
leather manufacture, and in the pro-
duction of pig and bar iron, at 1856
each per annum. This is a fraction
over $1.5O day for 800 days in the
year.
Here in our goodly land labor is bet
ter paid, better fed, better clothed,
better housed, and better provision
made for education, than in any other
land but you will see that it is great
error to put the average earnings of the
whole population at $500 year, a. this
would give $4,000 to each family.
The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1873-06-19
The Gabrielle POlOnaise Walking Suit.

The Gabrielle polonaise suit has the
square smooth sides and the fiat fronts
without wrinkle that form conspicuous
features of many imported garments
this season. This polonaise is close
fitting, yet its construction is so perfect
that it requires but one dart in each
front, as sufficient fullness for the bust
is given by extending the fronts and
facing them. The back is of regular
Gabrielle shape, with side forms, and q
seam down the middle, and abundant
fullness for the tournure added at the
waist the skirt is very long behind, and
is caught up in deep upturned pleats on
the side, and sewed to the plain front.
A row of buttons is usually placed down
this side seam. In the garment the
front is merely fastened by hooks and
loops, as buttons would interfere with
the swinging cords on the breast; SINH
lar cords are sometimes used in the back
of the garment to catch the skirt up in a
panier pouf. These cords are now i'm
ported in ecru linen for batistes, and in
white for pique dresses, as well as in
black silk and Jet passementerie cords
they have not, however, become as pop
ular here as they are abroad, and many
ladies omit them from this polonaise,
and use buttons down the front instead.
The Gabrielle polonaise is especially
becoming to full figures, and will rival
the loose front polonaise as model fol
summer dresses, such MS thin grena.
dimes, piques, batistes, and linens. A
side sash of irregular long loops and
ends is placed on the left of the back,
and belt may be worn, if preferred.
The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1873-06-19
Up in a Balloon.

It is now almost fixed fact that Pro-
fessor John Wise, Secretary of the me-
neurological section of the Franklin
Institute of Philadelphia, will start from
Boston Common on July 4th on his
aerial voyage across the Atlantic. Mr..
Washington H. Donaldson, the daring
aeronaut, and two scientific gentlemen,
not yet elected-although there are
many applicants for the adventure
will accompany him. The Common
Council of Boston have appropriated
the sum of $4,000 for the purchase of
the materials for the balloon and for
other necessary apparatus, provided the
Boston men of science can be satisfied
that the professors theory is q plaus-
ible one. Professor Wise says he can
do this beyond all question. He will
make the journey of 5000 miles in not
more than seventy hours and probably
only sixty. His confidence in the sue
cess of his venture is based on the the
ory, which his frequent experiences as
an aeronaut have proved to be true
one, that the entire upper atmosphere
surrounding the earth moves with the
revolution of the earth Eastwardly.
According to this, as soon as this air.
tide is struck by the balloon the air-ship
will drift Europeward at the rate of 100
miles an hour. But this immense rate
of speed will not be source of peril to
the voyagers, for, as Professor Wise ex-
plains, to the voyagor the balloon, no
matter how fast it may go, seems to
stand still. Professor Wise does not
claim that he can return across the At
lantic through the air, his theory only
involving the practicability of the voy-
age to the East. He will take mail
out with him which he will engage to
deliver at their destination in three
days time or less. The air-ship in
which this extraordinary venture will be
made will consist of three balloons, one
nearly three times as large as the other
two. They will be capable of lifting
II, 900 pounds, exclusive of their OWL
weight, basket, life-boat, &C., of which
latter, one fully equipped for an ocean
accident will be carried along. The
basket and its appurtenances will be
something novel. 1t will resemble {
covered room, with a cellar, where the
water and food for the trip will be kept
1t will have windows on all sides, and {
lime-stove for heat and cooking, whil'
an electric light will be secured at nigh
by means of vacuum tube with plati
nun tube at each end.
The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1873-06-19
A Useful Agent,

The uses to which water is applied
increase with every year. By the quiet
pressure of water the largest of dock
gates are now opened and closed with
the utmost ease; newspapers are print
ed, lifts are worked in hotels and facto-
rles, and the scenes are shifted in the
atres. By the hydraulic machinery ore
is raised from deep mines, ships are
loaded and unloaded in dock. Water
can be used to blow the bellows of an
organ, and in this or any other inter-
mittent purpose there is the advantage
that it is always ready. Pull lever, or
turn tap, and it begins to work. There
is no lighting OF fire, and waiting half
an hour, as in the case of steam. And
now an ingenious mechanism at Paris
has contrived way to close and open
shop-shutters by means of the ordinary
water supply. The winch, and cog
wheels, and connecting apparatus at
present employed, are not required
with twenty gallons of water, at sixty
feet pressure, more than twenty square
yards of iron shutters can be raised OF
lowered merely by turning cap inside
the shop. The water-tubes, and indeed
all the apparatus, are inside the shop,
which renders it easy to guard against
the effects of frost while failure of wa
ter could be prevented bystoring aday s
supply in cistern.