davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
FROM CALIFORNIA.
san Francisco. Jan. I4th. 1873

SAN FRANCISCo. Jan. 14th, 1873.
To the Editor OF the woEESssAS's ADVOCATE
From Washington paper | see that the
commissioner Of patents has been relieving
himself Of his pentup opposition to the
eight-hour system Of labor. Mr.. Legett
has charge Of a large number Of clerks in
the Patent Office, all Of whom work but
SIX hours IN the day. 1t is a wonder that
he does not commence cleaning out at home
before he begins to sweep the rooms of
other people. He says when he was boy
tbs rule was to work from sun to sun, bat
the use Of labor-saving machinery has re-
duced the day to ten hours, and to the
reduction Of hours we must attribute the
increase Of places Of dissipation and demon
alization, while no preceptible increase
has appeared in the demand for adult edu-
cation, and that the Iaborers themselves
cannot, in the nature Of things, afford such
reduction, which he calls the bread and
butter aspect Of the question"
There is neither truth or reason in his
statement that drinking place are increas-
ed by mechanics dissipation. 1t is the
idle and immoral who sustain drinking
houses the men who by speculation, or
inheritance make money easy. As a class
there are no people in the United States
more free froms. dissipation than the me-
chanics the more time they have to spare
the less they drink. When a man has
worked hard all day, and his limbs ache
with WEAKNESS, then it is that stimulant
is demanded to make up for failing
strength.
THE PATENT OFFICE.
il a fine field for the Commissioner to study
this subject there he will find that since
the ten-hour system Of labor was instituted,
there has been more inventions and patents
issued than during all the time before.
The position that he assumes il, that men
will be better, physically and morally, by q
long days work. If 80, why don't he try
it on his own men 1t may be he has
learned from the conduct Of his clerks that
dissipation il the rule where men make
short days. II so, there ia where reforma-
ton ought to begin but his whole argu-
ment in that part Of the lecture ia fallacy,
an unwarrantable assertion, unworthy of
rebuting reason OF analysis.
The following remarks of his will, how
ever command attention. He says
ON THE HOURS OF LABOR
"Will q further reduction Of thu hours of
labor be profitable in this respect to It's labor
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
CAELINviLLE, Macoupin Co. H.. :

Jan. =, 1919.
To the Editor q the woEENssAs's AByocsn
Being With the Surveyor 81 Macpupin
County, who is Inspector ~ Mines for
said county, W. have been through All tho
mines ia said county, aud have come NV
the conclusion that there il something
overlooked Ia the ventilation law, IA II Nov
Isl that il W say, the law does not specify
how large the return air-way ought w IVY
II ought ~ be A least four feet square.
and well propped, provided the top is not
good, and kept clear ~ All that may fan
into il. And when the coal vein Is less
than four ice; thick il ought a. be- six feet
wide by the full thickness Of the seam la
depth. Such an amendment to the present
law in regard to mines would be great
benefit H. the Inspector Of Mines. and
would furnish him a rule Co 20 by We
visited Mr. MAYORS mine at Bunker Hill.
and We found everything IN very bad
condition We hrst went into the engine
house, and found no break On the drum
and only one chain On the cage ~ hoist
with, no fiat gate un The shaft Or signal
apparatus between the tup ana bottom
We went slowly down thu shaft ana found
IL all right then tnuk the air course anu
Went around ~ all thr working places
then got the pit boss t1 El with w ntJ
the Air course. the Inspector ANN owner.
who had accompanied a. thus far, being
unable, fir thu want uf Space. tr enter thr
same. We were compelled III lay down
and crawl along uu our bellies. a. th-
course Vas 50 small We could nut proceed
through 1T utherN lsr. ANA such Is the
character Of the aperture which they called
an air course, aud vas the only means Nv
which some of the miner, Ncrr supph1sr
with air. Came back and took another
course and crept along it The best We could.
until We could @ no further for smoke and
heat, this part Of the mime being ou uu,.
Mas called back to this mine January SER
1875, and found things no better. and a. Ne
to force the owner by aw to put things
right. ours, Nc., JDHN CRAM.
p. S.-At stanton, Nirden. and Guar'
we found no furnaces, hut they aIl prom
Used t. have them by spring. Win G,y
yon AZ account ut thr depth W. aIl shafts
and thickness w all coal yem. wv ths
county ia q frw weeks y. IN.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
WISCONSIN.

Win,uNsiN ftSEl.t, ~kL. .ab. N. t X u
JanuNl IA, lst-.
rn Che Eiitrr ~ thr NuRMNuvAN's AD,urAtr
The men wv this section IL tile country
have organized themselves into labor
union, under thr auspices u the NArIuNAL
LABOR NIuN. and under the title uf La
bor Union NJ. 4, Of Wisconsin We have
resolved 90 cut loose from all present po-
hrcal PARTIES, ami hold finn To- the princi-
pies of the National Labor Union. as
enumerated in the platform. and We are
determined to do all in our power to build
up "a labor reform larty ui this State, and
ln the : nitrd States.
We have also determined tp break w
tho n1i.l system hich prevails here We
Aget no money fJr our labor have III take
store orders for our pay ana then have u
pay double ami triple pay fur what W.
Lrt. Wa have suffered under tins ~ stem
llng enough, and through INV niun s,,-
tenn have determined tl break It up.
What ve cali our lodging bosses, wv
feeling hal about thv action WV NAVY
taken. hut We mean tu WV as Lu4,d as thrv
lrr.
We ieIt MY had nu safety outside thr
union, ana therefore. after MY organized.
Ne determined tn seek information from
whatever source we cam -ct it Ne desire
a. open correspondence with the secrvt.i-
urs ut other lahur unions, la order that We
may work m unison with each ut her.
ours ma the cause ut labor,
y. W. bLNNEN, President.
ANrElw BREED, Vice President
W. H. WI,NEE, Secretary
+. u. BAWtN. Marshal
EvANs j. EuBEkls Trustee.
u W. TtENFR. Nidet
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01

..rre.pnndng secretaries please state the naipy y
t,rlugr -,rrettrv
Thr tilu,yIng Icrs.n. hr,r ms.le apicsltion- wv.
membership tn thv .e,riAi ulru- AN uniuu hatIu4
yhar-- t.r.0.l. 0'N I'rNAII tn-ul 1thn thlr, ta,a
inin inr 'irty I tIriiarInu.
OTTAWA. IlL. Iau l3th ls-2 AtaTyu
lad meeting VI lnun nv. ND thr fullonuL
officers were elected tor INV ensuing tyrm.
John ~uyrIyy. Pres. Ei. linIond Ir-
Pres. William BrooA. Treas Henry stem
meyer. Hu ~er., James Harvey Err lud
tur Nrr.. Henry Ncu-,, NerEl. -at- Arms
JAMES HAKvEy.
Cor Sec. 3 40 o. Drawer 100
ENrr, Jan. 3Gth. 1873 Dame, Sha, ~.
p"sltrd travelling card u tins I ulon that
was out of datr. DANIEL tAHALEN.
Cor Sec. Union No lO
Cutruurs OHIO. Jan 18th 1873 At
regular meeting of L mon No = the follswiu.
officers were elected for the eusuu. term
VIM. Miller, Pres, thrist. Srhweuzer, \ cr
Pres, has. II. Iheiger, Fin. SEE: John an
Nagrr Ect. sec, thristian Nchwritlrr Dtu
succeed > IN Van Wagner, Cor Sec Nm
Bemmcrt, - Treas Eugene Weiumau. 4l
Treas. JONI VAS MADNtl.
CAR See, VI M. ~, Lock BuN p-l
ri>u~>,rr. DAN. birth. Is7a regular
meeting WY mon M 4 INV following office.
Ir,,.y,,,.,,, Wi !. ..r,.,. $3.50. I, "
v,'T I,... I..,. (" 49, r 'o' II. "u'--
p...LI..,. WYNN. \, .. '''.'
I,r,a. p.+.r plnu S.r.+ ,t Will
knruI, ,,r ~,. I... l.5g W. '...
tIr membership tu tni- Juirn aty F.lug
u" 7 ..t '..'.. 4 ,.''' " '..
49, N"tN.'
'"' 'e'., hoA -o-.
MilN 'lALE' VS.. AZ regular meeting
" \ hiuA Az. - ihe i1h""iug officers Hric
elected i"r the ensuing .ermt WIN. q H",h
stem, lrrs-' h'iS. r." 'Id, ace Fres Henry
ioePier, Rec. sec John lAndner. Fin. SEQ.
Jos huS"Nshy' IF'S- LOUIS hoss, 'or. So,
lSS 'th street' '"hn hehrrin. Sergt at
Arms. l'' Is III - 'oi- See, lS9 9TH 81
81 LOIS, Jan. -, 1873. john Dralbr
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
LABOR TIC MS.

A new industry has recently been started
in Belleville, ILL.,. by an association styled
Western Piano Forte Carving Company,
incorporated and they have secured the
building once occupied by Nilinger as a
brewery, for their workshop. The follow
ing officers have been chosen President,
John n. Rerrnann Secretary and Treas
urer, DIR. j. h McConaughy ; Superin-
tendent, A. knobeloch.
MONTREAL TYPoGRAPHIcAL UNION.
At the regular monthly meeting Of Mon
treal Typographical Union No. 81, held on
the 4th INST, the following officers we're
elected for the ensuing year President,
Thomas Atty Vice President, John
Wardley; Corresponding Secretary, W
j. Egan Recording Secretary, John K.
Walsh; Financial Secretary, Thos. Petit
grew Treasurer, James Connolly; Board
Of Directors, John Walsh. Charles Curran.
Robert Campbell, j. 5. Smith, and John
Newton. Toronto ITorkmen.
IRON MoULDERS' UNION, TORONTO.
At the regular meeting of Iron Moulders
Union No. %, on Thursday evening, 10th
inst. the election of officers for the ensuing
term took place. We are pleased to know
that the Union is in strong and vigorous
condition. and in first-rate working order
The following are the names Of the officers
elected President. John Nolan; Vice
President, r. Dolan; Recording Secretary
William Willard Corresponding Secre
tarv FL Brown Financial SECRETARY
William Gibson Treasurer, John Doherty
lst Warden, Joseph Dean; I'd do, Robert
Colby - Toronto " orkmen
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01

DESTROYS of doing justice to all whether
agreeing with us or not, We insert, in an
other column, a communication from Mr.
HI. j. Walls, Of Cincinnati. in reply to our
article Of last week, on the National
Labor Union" to which We propose to
reply at length in our next issue. At
present We will simply say MIR Walls mis-
CONSTITUTES our views.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01

He signally failed in all his attempts "
convince the workingInen Of Baltimore that
either himself or his scheme, vas intended
for their benefit The same fate met him
in New York There was, though, a little
property in Atlanta, Ga, which, had ~
scheme of Mr. Green succeeded might
have redounded 70 the beueht Of a certain
family. Yours truly.
4 BALrIMORIAN
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
TINE MIMe n.
THE oREAr STRIKES IN WALES.


About 20, 600 HANDS are out, ons-third
golfers, but not all these are unionists
The strike levy was made in their lodges
last Saturday. The ironworkers have NJ
union, and are without resources The col
Tiers are focking by hundreds to the steam
and house coal collieries, where a grea
many are certain to find work. The trades
men met ON Monday, and DIR. James wa
requested to send the resolution of Fri
day meeting, requesting another interview
between the masters and workmen, to MIR
Fothergill. chairman of the Ironmasters
Association. At the same meeting it wa
stated that Mr. D. D. Joseph, Of Bristol
formerly manager Of the Plymouth Iron
works, has written t. Merthyr to say that
being thoroughly conversant with ironmas
tiers accounts, he would, il his services
were acceptable TO both parties, examine
the books Of the various firms gratuitous
ly. A letter from Messrs. Barnard, Thoma
4 Co. public accountants. Bristol, was 70
ceived, and it contained aD offer Of tn
same kind AS far As can be learned, how
ever what the ironmasters intended wa
not an audit Of accounts, but to subml
books and vouchers in proof Of their state
ment.
SENSIBLE VERDICT.
The New York san contains what it yer,
rightly calls sensible jury's verdict.
1t was jury Of inquest that gave the yer
dict, and the occasion was one of thos
deaths from the explosion Of coal OF
lamp, that have been 80 frequent Of late
The Coroner obtained sample Of the OF
from which the lamp that exploded wa
filled. He had it at once placed in tn
hands Of competent chemist for analysis
The chemist testified that the oil threw Of
an intlamable vapor at 7G degrees Fahren
heit, ignited at 80 degrees, and was ia
below the proper standard, and very dan
gerous. The Jury rendered verdict i'm
plicating the grocer who sold the impur
and deadly compound, and a warrant wa
issued for his arrest MuchabuSed New
York has herein set an example that i
would be well for other cities to profit by
NEW COAL MINES.
II is rumored. ON good authority, tina
two new coal mining companies will com
mence sinking shafts early IN the spring
1t is expected the location will be near tn,
round house Since 1t has become a set
tied opinion. what is the cost of sinking
shaft to the second VEN, these enter
prlses will thicken around us. Financially
speaking, the construction and equipment
of a coal mine Is not such q big thing
after all We learn that the " Union Goa
Company" (this being the name of thu
shaft under Mr. Christopher management
AS We learn, have under construction ;
double engine Of large size, and first clas
and suitable boiler, gearing and rigging
This shaft cannot near supply the demand
By the AID ii his small construction engin,
he Is enabled to hoist up 40 tons per day
Teams are waiting for the coal the lve-lon.
day We are heartily glad Of Mr. Chris
topher's success, and we are we'll assureC
the same success will attend all such opera
uons here Peru M. Herald.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
CORRESPONDENTS.

I'VE DO Dot Ao ourselves responsible for any opinions
~ pressed bl Correspondents
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01
THE CIGAR MAKERS.

az Wal unions desiring changes n tha Alafr,-,.
tnrespnndng secretaries please state thr NAME ,
ttTIuUr secretary.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1873-02-01

"Will further reduction Of the hours of
labor be profitable in this respect to It's labor
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-21
DOMESTIC MARKETS.

GALVESTON, July 10. 1873
lasSe Net receipts bales Exports coast%isc SSs
Sales 200 stock, 1898
Cotton irregular and nominal; ordinary Ike lie
fSSi S S5Sana,s rs %aSns ss n Gsiss
gross l59 E1ports eoastwse, lisa Sales. 500 last
sol S ssis. s.s. %'d s.o.E s Net receipts
NOZZLE. July 49, 1871
Exports coastwise SIa sales. 100 stock, II, 56S
CHARLEsroS, Jny 10, 1873
ceiptss 7gs bales Exports cosstwise S&. sales. zoo
Flour steady Wheat lad a E white
: IL Sis 4 s1 T. Jsly
:mS:r IhinSi. 5! Corn quiet high mixed spot 9.o
e s4:sSsi ss.s
SsS: ss SS.
corn and 5000 do oats
Winter SO 90 double extra wnes, Tn sales Of 200
white Canada At q s5 lo DO. choice a. at 81 %; 500
@ sS So ssss ct o SSsn nes Sw
S ss;sS ri av m,s %sss
ss So PR ton Cana; =, ireghts-Wnsat re peas
Soui 70 5sss
York .oc e Albany sS Receipts ~ 700 bush
Isl. 600 feet OF lumber
:nd sSs ss VT
ss9a bushels wheat oSs Sc' corn k.i saporsm.
ssrsy Canal mhsa s s S1 49, G' on
r n%ss gust yss':r1 %h Sssps
s 81 X u y fss,9s sSss
sss5 n 1 @wa1a's NJ vh Ss5G Canada &
white Michigan q 81 s. 81 ~ Corn quiet sales
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-21
NEW YORK HERALD MONDAY r. 1S7s-wrrH SUPPLEMENT-

Rs.sls sss IS 2. &.
sss ;:s' s S a sS:s';
and wSo nominal S In the sassy .Sd rye inactive
FREicurs :. accommodation by vessels on the berth
S ' :ssssS tn &:
T "a fair S, We could learn Of
S Ssls' Of = a ssG1 and ss ss 81 Lsnss By
grain az :. oa s bushels 30 a. SS Ss nd g.
70 BY sd % s.Ss Of ss on gr,. term:
%.sS de ss sg.Ssp s % and
es k sssS q &C. ~ English Islands sals'ssy e New
dull ": .sss s.; :. IF
rather easy a. s'c We have only % note 90 Ob
@ a aSo =. aAas ar"s5 S"s 'sr
sSce sale "a. and made ns s's rsrs 5 ~;
i say at AZ
continued inactive prices were "omss H
Quoted 4 IKE y.c fos spSs aud month snSi Tor
Any held pretty arm In The absence q sale: qaote
qS steady ana the qs;s s SGs
Sr s" sH iO,s SspHsh. remained entirely aomn.
s . 81 Ha,s o n .is s:1ss iss ass:s
phn market remained quiet but steady Refined Quoted
1s dsys ssa
30 essss And sEa
Poct 40 bela beet 80 pact.Ess cut meats, 500 DO;
."a y sSss
howevsr rather veal We heard q alos % o Sb for
a. s.
on naS ssia "'
Beef continued quiet and Without change IN prices
a price: w;h nc range &C. Of y % :3
tisrss: Beef hams were quiet and anShsnssd small
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-21
A MATRIMONIAL MUss.

An Escaped Jail bird ON Long Island
Seeks to Duck His Eloped wife I'm =
Horse Pond.
One Of the prisoners who escaped from the suf-
folk county Jail at Hverhead, to enjoy 'ife liberty
and the pursuit Of happiness on the Fourth Of
July, 10 Joseph Gerard. formerly Of wading River,
whose wife, 1t may be remembered. some time ago
eloped with his brother Buell. and who was himself
subsequently convicted Of burglary upon her COM
plant and information. She has since been living
at Patchogue, at the house OF MRS. Sally Mott, with
man whom she called her husband-probably Buel
Gerard. Early on the morning OF the 6th Joseph
made his appearance at Mrs.. Motifs house, and in
quired for Mrs. Gerard. she came TO the door,
when he Immediately seized her. and commenced
dragging her toward o pond in the vicinity, with
the evident intention Of drowning her; but her out
cries alarmed the netghb0rs, who rescued her, ana
he disappeared In the adjacent woods 1t appears
that he then returned to Wading River. where ne
was discovered night or two age endeavoring TO
steal boat An alarm was raised, and he was
Immediately pursued, but he succeeded In escap-
ing although several shots were fred at him, one
Of which Is believed 70 have taken effect ne leit
behind him valise containing some ciotnng ioou,
q sheath knife, and Bible. 10 Is thousht 'nat ne
has made his way across the sound
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-21

will come In rom various American localities dur
ing tomorrow and the ensuing day. The contest
will be renewed tomorrow morning. hut the new
heads that are hurt win owe 1t to the blind per-
tinacity with which they engage In fray where
the ammunition II all on one side. One OF
the vice presidents OF Erie Is said 70 have sold
largely yesterday OF the Canadian stock sent here
to be voted upon by proxy. The total amount Of
sales was 2s,soo shares. word or two may be
added with reference to
THE AUTHORS or THIS SPECULATION.
They are alleged to be German banKers-a class
OF gentlemen heretofore believed to be cOnserva.
tive. cautious and safe, rs representing that I'M
portant element OF commerce ana nnance--foreign
exchange. II the statement be true, they have
done as much to destroy confidence In their bush
ness AZ would have resulted to q national banking
institution had 1t become known that the officers
thereof either with their own or the funds OF the
establishment had entered the maestrom OF
Wall street and attempted to stem its
treacherous current II . man IL . banker
let him SO remain for nom the moment he goes
beyond his legitimate domain to dabble In stocks
and create sharp corners, no matter what may be
MIS- temporary success, just then and there the
business world begin to scan his acts with sus-
ptcion, and when deposting their money Tor the
purchase Of foreign bill Of credit Will be prone to
wonder whether or not the amount It represents
may not DO swallowed up In some speculation at
home or abroad
The following table shows the extreme nuctua-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1873-07-21
IHe HcauIHV hHIrUau III PehHSYIvHnla Called
110A and Pennsy1vania for lO8x
COMMERCIAL REPORT.

Cotton Quiet, but . Shade Firmer for
Futures-Flour Firm-Wheat Easier
Corn Easier-Oats stcady-sugar Firm
Coffee Active ind characterization
Quiet and Unchanged - Petroleum
Dull-Naval stores Neg
Closed Steady.
SATURDAY. July 1e-sPM.
There was better demand for merchandise last
week than had previously prevailed since the clos
ing up Of the Spring season. There was . ireer
movement in many Of the leading commodities,
though no general activity. Values we're very gen.
orally irregular and subjected to constant nuctua-
tons, oftentimes Of decidedly radical character.
Dry goods were still slow OF sale, although Winter
woollens were sought after to some extent as were
also heavy plain muslins, some OF which sold at
lower figures. There was also rather
more stir In the hardware business
values OF which remained steady, Cotton was
irregular and OF uncertain value all through the
week. There was :olerably active movement In
breadstufrs which were sold freely on foreign ac-
count for the most part OF about the closing prices
OF last week. though with lower freights there
was an Improvement towards the latter part of
the week. Purchases for forward delivery have
been fair, and in all cases at full prices
continued confidence In the. market being
thereby manifested Flour advanced materially
during the week, particularly the shipping
grades. Corn ruled pretty firm all through the
week. and prime conditioned sold figures Pro-
visions ruled steady with quiet market through most
week Freights eased of little but are sill high
while vessels charter bring nearly much as ever
Gu Saturday the markets were generally quiet the
Produce Exchange Flour was In moderately isir de-
mand AM the market firm. Wheat under liberal sup
plies and only light demand, ruled easier Corn
very quiet Cotton continued irregular Tor spot but ass
shade better for future Groceries very firm with
q continued active demand coffee higher prices
Provisions were generally quiet and about steady in
prices Petroleum was dull and not changed
in value Naval stores neglected and less
nominal Whiskey was irregular, but closed about
steady.
COTTos the spot quiet and Irregular without de
cded change in prices The sales follows
Ttsn ua f<,syE r<nscu 1syuI