, 1873-10-28
The Value Of tho Property Of Great Brit
aiu and ireland Estimated at
$50,000,000,o0ol
Coal and Iron the Secret Of This Aston
ishing Prosperity.
Fcarrul1y Unequal Distribution Of These
Rtches...A Million Of Absolute
Paupers in England.
Everything Reduced 10 Systcm--No Loators Or
Dead.Beats- --Everybody Must Work, or
Go TO lai! Or tho Poor.House.

Go TO Jail Or tho P00r-d0lse.
specia, Correspondence Of The Chicago Tribune.
LONDON, Oct. 10, 1873.
Tho enormous realized wealth OF Great Britain
Korces itaolf on tho observation Of the traveller
byery step Of his Journey through the island.
The country iB aa beautiful as park. 1t is o
palace aud garden. 1t is thiclly studded With
great citicH. London, with tB $500, 600 souls, Is
the sun Of aolar system of cities revolving like
plauets and satellites around it. solidity and
stability charactorize everything. Take, for
example, :..
THE RAILWAYS.
They are built with care and perfection nevor
seen in America. They arc constructed regard
less Of expense. Tho grade or direction con-
forms worry little to tho faco Of tho country.
Tie lines arc straight, turning neither
to tho right nor left hand to avoid
natural distractions. If low hills aro
met, they arc cut through !; il valleys, they
|are filled up II high hills, they nro tunnoled
III rivers interpose they are archod over with
stono bridges; or, If the spring is too long for 4
stone arch, they arc spannod with iron. En-
bankmenta or deep cuts aro either lined up with
'stono walls or smoothly sodded, 30 the nakoa
earth il rarely soen. All public highways aro
either carried over tho tracks on stone or brick
.;adrcta onnroochcd bv easv rrat7eR or aro
asoss H.. H. ~a;1.r,. ~, ~, ;ron -, ,toro
cFosseo W y 'no .n4""' W ~ .sou ~ s.,s ess
bridge. Iho railway neqor ciohsea puouo
road on the samo grade or level.
In passing into Or through cities, tho railway
track nearly always runs on
'tuIdu LEVEL
The roadway usually consists Of sories Of brick
OF stone arches, olevated about 20 feet above tho
eurfoco of tim rronnd. and nn1er t,,e arol,es the
~ ~. sno s;,,,o',t ~ In,
naaiment -a M ~ Tho % trann % eSo thereby opabIed to
@ eomnanes poaao run tSom On ~ tho m
traIna % havo f1ast,oa tIronch citjon and towns
or rather over them, 1t tho speed Of 10 to g
miles per hour, looking down On tho 4ouse-tops
Of tho long rows Of tilo-covorod brick cottages,
and tnling in tho whole place at glance from q
.ort m Of % bird's.oyo view. The railvey-liueg have
sv!s W " ~" ''e"' N""' @'10" ~'o
Al doublo
OR QuApnupLE TRACKS
fexcept tho moreIy local roada Or short -feedor8)
Steal raia aro Ind on tho principal lines, and al
900 .".As 49, ... W est . ~ ~
the lncs afe ge1thg 'hem as ,aas as S'eel Gun 10
manufactured. I was told that experience
proves steel to bo more than ton times as dura-
ble as iron, Some rai1road-men dccIa,ed that a
goo1 steol rail would outlast tweuty relays OF
from IRON. ''oN' N'|'' ~N" 4' ''~'
The traveller il impressed with tho enormous
4narnitnde of t],o ra|lway-trafio Of Great Britan
by maetine twenty trnina an hour ayinr pngt
tgrVene bofween trains. And eyory half.honror
,to Ge crossns anna railway lima and seea trains
sweeping through tic country in almost every
directioli. The tracks Of different railways, 50
FIR al T ohsnrvod navar crosp each nthor
on THE sAME LEVEL;
one ALWAYS Hyiaducts' over tlao other, .ap-
n,naching i nm n hirh em1,ankmont or seriog of
h+8 arches. o - no ~'>''' - ~ -
The length Of tho lines in the United King
dom at tia time il about II 900 miles, Of which
.thero ere ID 00U in England, Thogc lines have
cost 50. .8O0. .OO0. 900 cold. or 81G5. 600 nor
mile. But bear in mind that nearly all
the British railroads have double and
uuailruplo tracks. II measured by single tracks,
Is in America, they must considerably exceed
10000 milos in 1opgtl, If the cost Of tle Brit
Isl railways is estimated by tho actual amount
of lnbor oxneutlel in their CONSTRUCTION. and Ia
Tho nanufacturo OF the rolling stock. do not
think / would In fnr wrong in Stntinv that thov
''> ~ COST RI pounI1; AZ MUCH e '' WY
nas all tho rai1roads in tic United States, This
may strike tho readers of TUE TRIBUNE az 3
,Thoro are G7,00D 1nilcB Of railway lines in tLo
iJnited states: noariy nl, snro iIacln e' nomine
ally costing $4,000 10000. Hut ss0o, ,Oo0, 900 to
stock a,.l discount @ on on bonds. % Most s' Of tic
fouils we're Md for lnsa than sS ner ~ cant uIto
many Of thom for less than al per % cent
and anna as low A 70. Thene MI liz
railway constructed since 1861 las been
1m;tt 1,t,' Ianrncoto1 orrrnrnv ,rnt, w ~, a
oraao nhant * to sG centa ~ +o dh1,nI ~ ~.
7urf Al mn nm Tor e ,rafar,' J., 4ho etna1. ~
scont ~, tho pa1o of tona su and sov sa NJ
0o @ Far 5scomnt ~, crro,,cv s s;uce 1Sci ~
tSoo rcnona nnIv Al M, nm M, 7,.'0o on A'o1 aa
''0'' 4o'A'A'" oy r;,r ?. .,rr,.y cnsw "'
~ NJ, fila ox,s+,nn rairo"i. ,ai,,, Hiatt,
1ncnts n ta 11n3tad Ht"tnn viz raro oAo, o,,i a
1"nc}o1 from Tia a,,rs sox, An nm nm n,id i
,for rjrht If wnv and frnn ts cost ~ tho Rr;Et;a
roads 40 G)il. .6jl Tor rirht Of So wav " Nnw baar
;n Mind thot = 1o1ior Lac i, ,osI - no"91+r,,n-
,ion ram oacnta ot ionst AZ ,,a cat ,no'e thnn n
,tho Statos i,y whola mcan nm that i 10 conts in
nhis couutry. ;l;l nnrohaan m mncb iron. ma