New-York tribune., 1873-07-05
THE WOULD BE GOVERNOR.

CEN RITTIER ON RUM AND RAILROADS.
rorrRTH OF JULY GRAFTON BEFORE THE TEMPER
.Ncr A,FN AT SOUTH FRAMINGHAM-RAlLWAf
MoNoPoIIFs DENOUNCED-GEN. BUTIERS kSN-
FDY-THE PEOPLE TO OWN TIE ROLLING STUN
PRoHBITION TO BE ENFORCED IN MASsAOnO'
SETS WHEN BUTLER IS GOVERNOR. ~.
The following is o complete report ot ten. pu0
ler's Grafton Yesterday at South Fnmngnaii' N"-'
In our vouth we commemorate, with testlV''e9 % "io
sclat "A the great event Of life, our olr'hu'y' -
outbf, nation hardly entered upon the hrs' s"ho "
-, fr more than 80 years has celebrated
,ba d,v NJ the declaration Of It's independence iron
Great Britain as the only ono worthy or
The War of 1912 with England the snort out uecs''o
s,ruegle with Mexico, hi3 no event OF slghcaH'o 10
49,, the character OF our national holiday. Bu, an
,nr and il may not be too much TO say greater event
r. arson within this generation. The Rebellion sought
a, yDdo ALI that 20 had dOneto dissolve the nation then
horn and TO set aside the declaration that all men are
created equal with certain inahenahe rights, among
which are Hfe liberty, and the pursuit OF happiness
The war that ensued in supprcssing this treason
able design, demanded so much greater ei-
fort so much more terrible sacrifice, and mas
inpripted itself upon the people with 50 much more
sharpness and freshness that Of the present ana sun
more they Of the coming generation, almost loree'IS
20 will remember 81 aud G5; and the wrongs ncVou
upon our fathers by King George and his ministers VIII
of emancipation. the assassination OF the President tne
restoration of the Union and the reconstruction OF the
country In one united. and as we ondy trust never 10
be discovered nation May it not therefore be preiera
BILE now even on this day, 20 contemplate the changes
wrought m our system of government by the ReDelon
and its consequences and the necessity for the mmed-
ate admiration OF those changes TO present political ana
national wants than TO revive the memories OF the
wrongs done our fathers by England or to consider the
effect of our severance of her colonies from the British
Empire - - ,,
Tho theory upnu which this government was based Is
that there should be the least possible interference by
government with the affairs of tho people consistent
with that protection which government owes TO every
man in state OF society wherein each has surrendered
his natural RIGHTS for the good Of all Does the govern
men under which we hye either STATE or naonaI, cS &
ont this first aud necessary idea OF how much ana now
5or many wears a favOrite saving Of the Democracy,
adopted almost WatChwOrd; "Ihe World Is EoVeIueI
which rs every iust and true theory Of govern
incnt II is That too often u is inc lacJ tdt lne
many are governed and controlled by tho few, for the
benefit of The few and not the many. As dm one OF
those who believe mat as Iue 1 p{r pu{{ p.
than the strength Of any man or any set Of men
~ believe that The intellectual powers ana
any one nau however his intellect may seem 10 tower
Svcr ms fellows II follows then as logical necessity
tbat the greatest strength aud greatest intellectual
power should the benefit of all, govern ms Is the
have adopted true theory OF the uses. requisites ana
ends of government NAV We not spend few minutes,
while eel, bratiu our nations birthday ia examining IN
how this theory carried out IN practice by onr
lawsi Are there in fact, any laws when sustain
the many or legislative euactmcnts made and executed
~ the Of the few to the disregard of the just
man obtains priority or advantage over all other men,
nco1 seut with The true theory Of republican govern
srECIAL LEGISLATION DEyOUNCED.
Special legislation is enactment by which one SHAH get
that by law which he could not get without 1t and
which all others do not have. Is not any legislation
tyranny which takes from and gives 60 another
whether It the decree of despot the enactment Of
a republican legislaturel Does any seek special
legislation unless inc expects 10 get some advantage
ami beyond that which all may hayef IT, then, we
mud that twotMrds OF the sessions OF mo LeRsature
spent In special cgslatOni that large amounts are
R"u flS5T Of one a'O'2 party @ and opposed by
like means by another for reasons pertain
mttees. but before whom no counsel appears for the
good Of the whole Is II not time that tno ieStn oi t
quite all such legislation should stOpi Is not such leg
ilcrrs granted concern the most common Necessities Of
lie vital 10 the mass OF peOplet Take Tor example
the special provisions in favor OF corporations in the
matter Of transportation Of freight and passengers
giving away from the people the control OF the trans
portouou Of the nccoS,arles Of hIe ani the common
highway carriage OF persons.
TAKE WARNING FROM ALBANY.
Weare told That the laws which regulate the carriage
of freight aud passengers in neish5oDg state across
whose territory must almost Of necessity nearly all
turn most that we produce and manufacture must be
sent can be and have been 50 manipulated through
grants special privileges thai single individual mas
within the compass OF less than ne unc-DetWeeh ue
ages Of 30 aud 7O-and by such manipulation alone ac-
quired a fortune of seventynve or hundred millions.
blame to the Individual himself, what shall We say Of
that system of laws which enables such burden TO DO
imposed upon The producer OF one part Oh tc 10
The derimeu Of tie consumer Of another part OF the
fSe"'f fSo fortunate manpulstor of the laws has
dene any moral wrong, 1t becomes us as czens OF the
laws which be used TO individual advantage 70
see in the interest Of The peopelt may not De chahIei
Of the laws governing the carriage Of freight and pas
senrers in that period We shall also tnd that hundreds
assistants, amounting in the aggregate 70 many many
millions have also been accumulacdn in the same mau'
per 10 the still greater enormous increase OF the burden
anon the pcopcths has been done TO degree thdt IN
sct n,ncb of tbe production of the country has been
absorbed b tue few 10 the exclusion Of the many,
state of things always glarnRy unjust, and which Is the
very definition OF government by aristocracJ N It's
worst seusc.
THE STATE cASSoT RUN RAILROADS.
These results Of such legislative wrongs have 80 ex-
hiited themselves to raise storm or indignation
with the producing classes Of both the West and the
East and have given birth 10 some not too well directed
but spasmodic and dangerous Outbursts Of passion
against individuals and the corporations themselves
who are assumed be the instruments by which these
wrongs are wrought out. The great question Of the
Tour therefore s how is this charge for transportation
OF persons and property 10 be brought down to Its sim
not 6e done than the best way it may be done. In
my Judgment 10 clearly will not DO done by
the State undertaking, In its corporate capacity
as government, the business transportation
OF freight and passengers. hold IL 70 be automatic
that governments should undertake no business enter
prise whatever which be done by the people them
selves for themselves that nothing should be done by
the government which requires the receipt and paying
ou Of money by its officers that possibly be aYOided
mat the revenues OF government should be from the
taxgathefer alOne its expenditures only the payment
OF ts necessary agents TO make itself effective. What
sOever is than these cOmetn or evil II the state
or the nation undertakes the business Of rarOadng we
snail have superadded 10 the burdens and wrongs OF
corporate and private exactions the corruptons and