The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1873-02-14

zens of Augusta, to the railroad companies
and to the press, and adjourned sine die al
two,P NJ SPRrTE.
TRE SECOND DAYS PROCEEDINGS.
Valuable and Instructive Address by
Colonel d. Wyatt Aiken Tho Rise
and Progress OF tho Patrons OF Aus-
bnndry--DIrect Trade--Remarks OF
the Hon. G.. A. Trenholm--A Pencil
Sketch Of A. H. Stephens.
rFRoM DUB SPECIAL RRPoRTER.]
The Convention was called to order at ten
A. N. by President Colquitt, and the proceed
ings were opened with prayer by the Rev. Mr.
Evans.
In accordance with the resolution passed
on the previous afternoon, Colonel ID. wyatt
Aiken was Invited to address the Convention
on the Patrons of Husbandry. he began By
saving that he had come to the Convention
with the Impression that the agricultural
prosperity OF Georgia was much greater than
that Of South Carolina; but the discussions
which had occurred before that body had
susterialy changed that Impression. He had
discovered that the operations oi the Georgia
agrIculturists had been unsuccessful, and
t1at their credit had deprecated; and he had
also discovered that thousands of white peo-
ple were annually leaving the State. This
should not be. The people should stay al
home. Not one man In ten thousand could
better his condition by leaving his native
State. He had travelled short Time ago
through th4STest and Southwest, and fonnd
many Georgians and South Csrolinians there,
and they were all anxious to return nome,
but were ashamed to do 30. He alluded 10
the lamsntable ignorance of the South
ern farmers as class. BY Tar tne
the greater number of them never see news
paper. The farmers must be educated. Agrl'
culture has grown TO be science, Wnlcn ls
advancing as rapidly as any other science,
and If the farmer does not study up he cannot
possibly Keep pace with it. Another cause of
the poverty of the South is that the Southern
farmer believes that he can make money by
the cultivation OF only two commodities COT
ton and corn. They should, however, raise
their own -four, meat, wool, oats, DC. Slill
another cause Of their poverty Is that lney
are divided among themselves. The establish
ment of the order OF patrons OF husoandry
would bring about concert OF action. He then
went on to explain that the order originally
existed In Wales, where 1t was observer by q
gentleman who afterwards became CLERK IN
the department OF agriculture, at washington.
Another clerk Of the department was sent 10
the seacoast Of South Carolina, during tne
notIced The Impoverished state OF the country
and the want OF united action among the
people he talked with the other clerk on the
subiect, and between them they estaollsned
theeorder In this country, with view OF ap-
plying It to the Southern States. The order
has established Itself In seventeen Southern
States. He next explained the nature ana
workings of the order, It's oranges, member
ship. degrees, &c. Ils objects are to Develop
Agriculture, and TO bring the producer and tne
consumer nearer Into direct intercourse Win
ZACH other. The grange takes the place oi
an agent, and purcnases supplies lor its me,n-
bers. All buying aud selling through the
grange Ia for cash. A member needing ton
or fertilizer goes TO the secretary oil tne grange
with the money and an order. The secretary
receives both, stamps the order with the seal
OF the grange, and forwards them to the ierll-
lizine company. The farmer thereby buys hls
fertilizer aG from ten to twelve per cent below
the cash price. The order does not SANCTION
the credit system, but It never pronlo!ts man
from making any transactions he may mink NJ
outside the order. All manufacturers are glao
20 sell goods to oranges alta discount because
cash is paid for every article, and the manu-
facturer Is hopeful Of selling 10 other mem,
hers of the order. Merchants had claimed
that the establishment Of the patrons would
ruin them. He answered that the patrons
wanted TO iDjure no one; but they were sn4-
ious to do the best they can for themselves.
One merchant had told him that all clerks
Would lose employment. He replied tnat he
could give employment 10 every clerk that the
merchant discharged. Women are admitted
into the order to give 1t purify, and because
many helpless women can De aided oy II.
Secrecy is the band of union. The secrecy OF
the order has the precise OBJECT OF tne secrecy
of a merchanL's private mark. II prevents
unworthy mercenary individuals from reap
those to whom they righttully belong. The
benefits OF the order accrue not only to The
farmer bnt also to the manufacturer. he tolo
OF a manufacturer of wagons In Columbia, 3.
C., who was patronized by patrons OF Soutn
Carolina, who had said but lew
days ago that If the patrons conlln.
forced TO double the capacity Of hs works.
The patrons are developing the resources OF
the country. and thereby contributing 10 the
profits Of railroads. He expected 10 see the
day when the railroads would lay down
patrons fertilizers at his door, Tree OF charge,
Tor the sake of carrying his produce back 10
market, and find it TO their advantage. The
order was moneyed Institution. There were
thoueands OF dollars then In the treasury OF
Hse National Grange ready 10 be used for the
benefit OF the subordinate oranges. Already
the patrons of South Carolina we're discussing
the propriety of establishing a patrons bank
for supplying the money needed IN agricultu-
| raj operalione. The bank is Of course 10 be
managed by competent bank officers, but the
funds necessary TO establish IL would be con-
tributed by patrons. The work accomplished
by each individual grange would depend on
the intelligence OF its members, but Its field OF
operation was boundless.
The effect Of Colonel Alken's remarks upon
the convention were very marked and deci-
slye. and awakened q manifest Interest In the
order. he was piled with questions and
cross questions by the audience, but he an
swered each and all to the satisfaction Of the
propounders. He announced himself ready
to give further Information and organize
oranges, during the next recess of the con-
vention. By elk o'clock p. III. he had organ
lied six full oranges.
At the conclusion Of Colonel Alken's re-
marks, the convention proceeded with The
regular business.
Mr.. William N. Lawton, of Charleston, and
Mr.. JChn Neebit, OF Savannah, were added to
the committee on direct trade and immlgra-
tion, by request Of the committee.
A letter was read from the Georgia State
College of Agriculture Offering to receive
city beneficiary students.
It being announced that the --'Hn. Alexan.
der q. stephens was 10 the city, he 1as invi-
ted TO a seat upon the hoor.
A very able and interesting lecture on agri-
cultural chemistry was deliveredby Professor
White. of the Georgia State University. BE
showed how much chemistry had accomplish
- =. n establishing knowledge