davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1873-05-08
General Actlces,

NOTICE; .,,,,,,. ". Va, a., !. 1871.
Having sold my entire interest 10 tic Wheel
Ing Furniture Company TO Philip MCizner, bs-
speak for him the eRnc liberal share oil pattO'
mage shown tome
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1873-05-08
'myseOdAw
GAVE YOUR RYRs

NNNH IOUIN u Ed
The many testimonials sent ~, the Thousands
OF weak eyes relieved, and tho fact that our
sptcneles cannot be excelled. warrant Us in re-
eonmeudlng them for impaired vision. Having
lot year, made speetAeles Q speciality, the eye q
atady, and keeping only our Perfected GlAisCs,
Mcclure House, Tor SpectGcleS- WHicbsS, CiockG.
JeWelty, 6old Pens, Silver WGFe. &c.
my7 OXToBY n DffFFTRTn
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1873-05-08

This superb Hair Dye is the BEST IN THE
Harmless, Reliable, and In
stantGneous. NO disappointment. No Ridlcu.
lous Fints, no unpleasant odor. Tho genuine
W. !. BatchGl0r's HRtr Dye produces IMMEDI-
ATELY u splendid Black or Natural Brown.
Does rot stain the skin, bnt leaves tho Hair
clean. soit aud Beautiful. Tho only safe and
Bond street. New York. Jan21codIw
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1873-05-08

Who have injured themselves by certain prlc
tice INDUCED IN when alone, habit frequently
learned from evil companions or 1t school, The
effects ofwhich are nightly felt, even when Asierp
and II not cured renders marriage lmmpOssibie,
and destroys both mind and body, should ApplJ
Immediately.
Wllata pity that u young MAI, the hOps Of Al,
country, the darling or his parents, sEOld be
snAtched from all prospects and enlOynGhls Of
life by the consequences OF deYlatiug from he
path Of nature and indulging 10 certain scent
habit. Such persons must, before contemplating
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02

If you valae your Fyesighi use these Per-
feet Lenses. Ground from Minute Crystal
Pebbles. Melted together and derive their
name Diamond" on account Of their Hard
ness and Brilliancy. They viii last many
years without change, and are warranted
superior to all others in use
Manufactured by the Spencer Optiea
Manufacturing Co., New York.
CAuTlOS.-Nonc Gcnuing unless stamp
ed with our trade mark.
For Sale by Responsible Agents through
out the Union
E.J. OLIvEROs,
Jan 2o-,y Orangeburg, S. c..
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02
- z

& = . j . .
How would you express, in two letters,
that You were twice the size ofyour con.
panions l w I,double you)
A cloth saturated with chloroform and
applied to the wound, is said to be sure
cure for rattlesnakc bite.
a schoolmaster, on being asked what
was meant by the word fertilization, !"
answered. 1.-TWO tweutyfcatons makes
fortiication."
Beast Buffers favorite exercises are
said 70 be walking for his health and
running for rzofice. 1t is said he is gone
to Fire lsland,to set acclimated, as his
chances appear good Tor warm latitude
eventually.
Mrs. Thompson, who died near Glas
Cow, Scotland, recently in the eighty
fifth year of her age, was the daughter
Of the poet Burns.
The Australians never sue for di
S0rse. Whsua husband gets dscour
aged, be takes his wife to the brow of
cliff 10 sisw the gorgeous sunset, and
over she goes
A Georgia wonraD is credited with
naising large family although not cut
of her teens, 1t was her mother in laws
family and she did it with, keg Of gun
powder planted in the cellar,
A young man who was asked by his
swsstheart what photography was, t,ok
out his pencil aud wrote the following,
and said It was photography: gu II A
j U T, l. N"
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02
Htll APP on George w. Williams
y OF CIarIeston.

Bill Arp has been to New York, met
Mr., Williams and writes to the Augusta
Chronicle and .S,mtb,el, Bill tries hard
to be funny. 8 u -
'"Greatly to my delite I met with NV
old friend, George Williams, on his way
down William street. He was just
from hecity of Charleston, where he
rains as king, and was in very hap.
py frame of mind, mean fnan ncially.
kn"wd George in Nacoochy sum thirty
years afsso. g g. when he used to work like a
Niger in little corn. patch on the side
OF the hill and carried water in big
soap goardto Keep his truck from burn.
in up will, the dxowth. He was always
hard workin, aud mighty liberal mau
akkording to his means. He is liberal
yet, but, in spite cf all he can do, his
money VIII akkumuIate faster than he
can give itaway. I'm afeord this wor
.rles him, and it does look like a pity to
man so discumftted with money in
his declinin years. Considering that he
is Georgy Methodist I hav thought he
might buildrem college in Nacoochee
jest to spite old s..derbilt in Tennessee
I've no doubt he will do it if he ever
thinks oft l notised that he was quite
thin in the flesh aud remarked that il
was favorable sircumetanco for he could
cum higher goin through that needle,
eye the scriptcrs tell about when the
time cometh. The thing has bothered
me so all my life I've been afcered to lay
up any money. The truth is however.
1 have never had chance as vet and
Prospekt for the future is mortal dim
George says that money is all vanity and
vexation Of the spirit, and the way h.,
talked about the trubble and the carr
that it brings / know he would have
cleerfuliy given me n few thousan dol
lars if he hadent had such hig regard
for my family. He was arecred it would
prove burden instead Of blcssin. He
sed that when he was up on visit To
his Nacoochy farm last summer, he pu,
on some old clothes aud an old hat. nj;
started on tramp around the plantation
Get'in tired after awhile, he set down
on log by the side of the road and =
man cum along with au OK wasin, and
ses he: Aornin, sur Good H,ornin.
ses George. DO you work for Geo. w
Williams?' Yes, SIR says George
How much does he Civ you year.
'My yittel&s and cleshes and atSSakker
and I'iss my doktoF''s bill, says Geor e.
slow long have you been workin for
him that wayr About 80 years, says
George. 'Well, you are an old fool, and
that's jest the way the stingy old ouss
has made all his isrnoney. Good mornin
sur,' and he popped his bark whip aud
drove on.
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02
NOTICE.
oFFIcE or COUNTY AUDITOR,
OnANoEBURG CoUYrr,

OpAHGEBURG County,
% ORAEaEpURg. s. G., July lst 1873.
Notice is hereby given that will be at
the following places ON the days mentioned
to take Returns of Real and Personal Pro-
peyty. In the meantime, my Office at
orangGburgt win be open for the same pur-
psss, Till the Goth day Of August 1873.
After waioh date aponalty of so per cent
will BE- added to the property of all delin-
qGents,
AT BranohTille Monday and Tuesday lith
and 18th Of July. j. Hamp Felder's on
Monday Tuesday and Wednesday 2Tst 22d
and 2ad Of July. Rows's Pump Saturday
26th of July. fsgS9 IS
Lewisville, Monday, Tuesday, and We'd
nesdDy 4ta 9th and 9th of August.
Fort Motto Thursday 9TH of August.
Col, Daniel Livingstep's Mill, Monday
and Tuesday II tisand I2th Of August.
JAMES VAN TASSEL,
sh Sc County Auditor
july IL 1873 If
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02
Fever and Ague,

from which mankind suffer over q large part Of
the globe, is the consequence of diseased action
in the system, induced by the poisonous miasm Of
vegetable decay. This exhalation is evolved by
the action of solar heat wet SOIL and rises with
the watery vapor from it. While the sun is below
the horizon this vapor fingers tho earth's
face, and the virus is taken with it through 40
lungs into the blood. There il acts as an irrit .ig
poison the Internal yiscera and excreting organs
of the body. The liver becomes torpid and fails TO
secreto not only this virus but also the bile from
the blood. Both the virus and the bile accumulate
in the circulation, and produce violent constitu-
tional disorder. The spleen, the kidneys, and the
stomach sympathze with the liver, and become
disordered also Finally, the instinct OF our orr.
ganism, as If in an attempt to expcl the noxious
infusion, concentrates the whole blood of the bcdy
in the internal oxcreores to force them to cast Il
out. The blood leaves the surface, and rushes to
the central organs with congestive violence. This
is the CHILL. But in this effort it fails. Then tho
FEVER follows, in which the blood leaves the GEN.
tral organs and rushos to the surface, as If in
another effort to expel the irritating poison through
that other great excretory skin. In this
also it fails and the system abandons the attempt
exhausted, and waits for the recovery of strength
to repeat the hopeless effort another day. These
are the fits or paroxysms of FEVER AND AGUR.
Such constitutional disorder will Of course under
mine the health If it is not removed.
We have labored to find, and have found, On
nT1tidnte.
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02
Ayers .Ague Cure.

which neutraiizes this maarious poison in the
blood, and stimulates the liver to expcl IL from tho
body AS 1t should, so it does cure this anlictino
disorder with perfect certainty. And it does moro.
or rather does what of more service to those sub
(ect to this infection. II taken in season il exreIs
1t from the system it is absorbed and thus keeps
those who use it free from its attacks; keeps the
system in health although exposed to the disense
Consequently 1t rot only cures but protects from.
the great variety of affections which are induced
by this malignant influence, such as Rcmittent
Fever. Chill Fever, Dumb, or Masked Acne.
Periodical Headache, or Bilious Headache Billions
Eevers, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Gout, Blindness,
Toothache, Earache, Catarrh, Asthma. Poln;tn,
tons, Painful Affections of the Spleen, Mysteries,
Cohc, Paralysis, and Painful Affections of the
stomach and Bowels, all of which, when arising
from this cause, viii be found to assume more or
less the intermittent type. This "AauB CunE"
removes the cause Of those arrangements and cures
This 1t accomplishes by stimulating the cxcrc.
torres TO expel the virus from the system; and
these organs by degrees become habited to do this
their Office of their own accord. Hence arises what
we term dcclimatution. Time may accomplish the
same end, but often life is not long enough, or is
sacrificed in the attempt, while this AGUR CURE"
does it at once, and with safety. We have great
reason to believe this is surer as we'll as safer
remedy for the whole class of diseases which are
caused by the miasmatic infection, than any other
which has been discovered and it has still another
important advantage to the public, which Is, that
1t is cheap as well as good.
PRBPAnED ny
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02

@S. ID $40 PER DAYi Apan,s
pc WANTEBl All classes of work;ng
people, OF either ser, Young or old. make
more money &c work for us in, their soarc
moments, or all the time, than at sny,bins
else. Particulars free. Address
"a STINsoN & CO., r..
sePs - 10 Portlsnd, Maine.
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02
At Private Sale.

THE PLANTATION forming part Of
Il the Estate of the late Col. Keitt, and
known as the DARBY PLACE. The tract
consists of about 600 acres, one half well
Tipbcred, the remainder Rich, Bed, Loan
Soil, adapted to GiSrs of all kinds. These
are the Finest Lands in the District. and
were valued at $50 per acre in 1866. WoulS
be sold for one-half thai ,ricc now. Ons
fourth cash, the remair or in three install.
ments bearing interest from date and Sc .
cured by mortgage of tho same.
inns Is splendid chance for aneryAe do
string to secure Rich Lands, fine Wator pow.
err, excellent Cattle Range and a Re6nsd
Neighborhood. Apply to
Mrs. l.. NJ. KElTT,
Ut os j g KEITT, Esq.
The Orangeburg news. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1867-1875, 1873-08-02

Day and Night Trains connect ut Augusta,
with Macon and Augusta Rail Road Central
Rail Road and Georgia Rail Road. This is
the quickest and most direct route, and as
comfortable and cheap rs any other route to
Louisville, Cincinnati, Chicago, st. Louis,
and all other points West and Northwest.
Columbia Night Train connects with
Greenvillc and Columbia Railroad, and Day
and Night Trains connect with Charlotte
Road.
Through Tickets on sale, via this route To
all points North.
Camden Train connects at Kingvillc daily
(oxcept Saraays) with uny Passenger Train.
and runs through to- Columbia.
A. l.. TYLER, yicc-President.
8. B. PicKENs, General Ticket Agent.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
Probate Court Proceedings


Theresa Crabtree appointed guardian
of Josephine Crabtree, ct. al, minors.
Bond $780,
William Ragland, guardian of James
NJ Ragland, ct. al, minors Isaac j.
White, surety, released, additional bond
filed, and approved.
T. L.. Hughes, Jr., appointed School
Examiner, vice j. M. Yarnell resigned
May criminal term, 1873. The follow
ing names were drawn to serve as Jurors,
to-wit: John Blake, Job Buckley,
Ephraim AIeshire, Joseph 2. Ray. Abra-
ham johnson, David D. DUNCAN William
D. Dunbar, James Vandivort, j. L.
Tribbyf Jacob Tucker, Vinton Powers
and David Goddard, and Venire issued.
Joseph Aten, guardian of Mary Ann
Farrar ct. al, VS.. Sarah Ann Farrar, et
al Petition to sell land. Order of ap
praisement made and issued.
MARRIAGE LICENSES.
William Evans and Sarah Richards.
J. Fl. Brohard and Tilley Sinclair.
Abraham Edwards and Ann Rowlands
William Kelly and Isabel Ashmore.
Kinneth Swaney and Mary A. Niclels
Edward Owens and Nancy Grier.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
Marriages in jackson County-1s57.


John Wills and Elizabeth Sullivan,
Jan. Sth, by John Goodrich, j. P.
Tnlman II. Gulp and Elizabeth Hawk
ins. Jan 5th, by James Trip, J. P.
Frederick. Heller and Elizabeth Muir
ply, Jan. LIST, by c.. II, Warren, Minister.
Andrew Whit and Ellen Yeager, Jan.
1st. by Geo. NJ Adams, J. P
Absalom F. Nelson and Mary Ann
Schellenger, JAN 8th, by c. H Warren,
Minister.
Bartlett Clark and Rachel Phillips,
Feb. .1st, by W. D. Higgins. j. P.
Joseph Canter and Mary Ann Price,
Jan. 18th. by John j. Jones, J. P.
Van Buren johnson and Elizabeth
Mcclure, Jan. 18th. by W D. Higgins,
.JaPs
: Alexander Johnson and Martha
Thompson, Jan. 2Sd. by Robert Williams,
Minister
John, Davis and Menerva f. Dugless,
Jan. 22d, by David Savage. j. p
Eli Aten and Sarah Helphenstine, JAN
25th, by Wesley Prettyman, Minister
On the oath ofJanuary, license was
issued to Yinton Mccoy and. Susan J.
Foster, but no return is made of mar
riage. - fs~rs,
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
RAILROAD NOTICE.
d AILROAD LETTING.

ID AILROAD LETTING
The County Commissioners of Jackson coun-s
ty, Ohio, hereby give notice that Sealed Propos-
county Auditor of said county, in the town of of
jackson, until the 25th day of April A. d. 1873
of Jackson, S between the fooWing termin sG anS
on the following route, viz; ;,,, Commencing at
counties, at or near where the old Hillsborough
grade, In Scioto iS township, Jackson county,
Jackson; thence by the most practicable route to
an eligible point on the line between the coun-
ties of Jackson and Gallta, at or near the plece
VIE Where s the Survey g Sf fhs SontheEn 0hie Rail-
county, into said Gallia county. -
Bidders viii furnish their own specifications
same, and they are required to be specifie and
definite as to the character of the work to be
missIoners will, however. require confornaity to
the specifications following viz: "
suitable R and %orSmsne aHmer ne SSS wbsS IN
completed to be in all respects firSt-class road
2nd, That no gradient to be used exceeding
| az feeg forty-two feet 20 the mile. :
81. That no curve to be used of less than one
thousand feet radius.
4th. That good quality of iron-T-rails-b
lineal yard, and laid on not less than twenty
six hundred and forty good and substantial
The railroad is to be located ana built on
County Commissioners, and the work is 10 be
done under their direction and supervision.
The Commissioners, under the provisions of
the statute in such case made and provided,
have at their disposal for the purpose of build.
ing said railroad, the sum of one hundred thou
sand dollars, 500 ,00Q0 for which amonnt bonds
| are 70 pc issued, I'VE thousand dollars of which
are TO be paid every year till the whole amount
shalhe paidi the bonds to draw eight per cent in
! terest with lcoupons attached therefor, PAYABLE
semi-ann uaily, with principal and interest TO be
made payable at the office of the County Treas
urer OF said county, and redeemable at the
pleasure OF the Commissioners of said county
after ten years. Interest to run on said bonds
/ from the date OF the contract for building the
road, Said bonds and accumulated interest
will not be delivered until the road Is eomplet-
ed within said county OF Jaekson.a
Bids should be made for the whole of said
railroad, or what number of miles viii be built
for the sum appropriated, to-wit; 100000.
Bids should be made embracing for both the
work and the right OF way 10 be furnished by
| comfy furnishing the right OF way.
| Commissioners of jackson county, and indorsed
| proposals for Railroad Building"
The contractors will be lequired to give bond
| time as may be designated by the Commission
\ efs upon the acceptance of any bid, and enter
| ing into contract under the same.
The Commissioners reserve the right at any
| time before nnnl contract lany good reason ex-
letting, and again advertise for letting the
work. BY order Of the
j COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.
4. - booT1J, County Auditor.
JNcksoni Ohio Fenruery 70, 1873. ia.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
DARTIrIoN NOTICE.

. Mary A A! Downey, Lucinda BarnhilI and Rob.
ort Barnhill, of the State Of Missouri, Samuel
Downey, Elilabeth Hall elias Hall, Susan
Downey, Sarah Downey and Mary Dow
ney, Minors, or Jackson county, Ohio, will take
the l4th day OF 4 pril A. D. ls7S in the Court OF
Ohio, by Harvey Downey, and Is now pendina,
wherein said Harvey sDowney demands parti-
ton OF the following real estate, situate in the
county of Jackson and State Of Ohio, to-wit:
The north-west quarter of the northeast
quarter, the northeast quarter of the north
west quarter, and the southeast quarter of the
northwest quarter, of section number ten of
township number seven, of range number
eighteen. Hlta l9E
And that at the next term of said court the said
Harvey Downey Will apply for an order that
partition may be made of said premises, and
dover assigned to said Mary "A, Downey.
HARVEY DOWNEY.
James Tripp, Atty. for Petitioner.
! April II, l573-0W
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
ON MARRIAGE.

Happy Relief for Young Men from the eff
fects of Errors and Abuses in early life. Man
hood restored. Impediments to Marriage re-
moved. New method of treatment. New and
remarkable remedies. Books and Circulars
sent free, in sealed envelopes. Address, HOW
ARD ASSOCIATION, No. 2 South Ninth St.,
Philadelphia, Pa,-an Institution having
high reputation for honorable conduct and pro-
feaslonal skill. Aug. rs, Is72.--ly
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17

A. j. Dever win at once have Eve new
dwelling houses, built on the street be-
tween Longs Tannery and the Chilli
eothe Bridge. One hundred new houses
are needed in Jackson at the present
time. We hope other capitalists will at
once go to building houses.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
THE BEST OFFER YET,

The Bright Side and Family Circle" is issued
weekly by the Bright Side Co., Chicago, at s1.60
per year, and every subscriber has fine Chro-
NO. called the Gala Lilies, l0x12 inches in size,
which would sell at the stores for from s. to So.
This paper which is pronounced by many the
best weekly in the country for children and
youth, will be prettier and better than ever this
year. 1t is finely illustrated and contains ex-
cellent and interesting stories, articles on Natu-
raj History, Biographical Sketches, &C., &C., by
the best WRITER'S 1t is Just the paper to go into
every family where there are young people.
We will send this charming paper and beauti-
full Chrome with the STANDARD for one year
for only $3.50. Address,
March g. 73-tf THIS OFFICE.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
TT ANDs IN ARKANsAsI

The Little Rock and Fort Smith Railroad of
fers sale 100000 acres, in the rich valley OF
the Arkansas River. These Lands are unSur-
passed in the production of-cotton, corn, fru1ts,
vegetables, and cereals. The inexhaust1bie Ter
ture for the months of Dec, JAM, FEB. ana
March about 40 F) peImlttlng agrlcu1t1iraA IA
questioned health of the valley the various
and abundant timber, good water and water
powers, with the rapid development OF the
State in Railroads, population and general im-
proYement, combine to render these lands the
garden of country. s.sfss
Uplands from $3.50 to 81, and river Bottoms
from $40 to $40 per acre, on credit of six years
and annual interest. Pamphlets and Maps FUR
nished gratuitously on application to
n. s. HOWE, Land Commissioner
Little Rock, Ark.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17

Now if You want your window sash so
hung that you can raise the one below,
or let down the one above, and thus Sc
cure complete ventilation, go to Charles
C. Jones, of this place. He has the right
to use patent which is the most con-
venient thing we have seen. He arranged
the windows in our residence, and one
sash can be raised or lowered without in
terfering with the other. Each sash can
at once be permanently fastened at any
point of elevation.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17
HalfAIive.

1t is a sad thing to pass through life only half
alive. Yet there are thousands whose habitua1
condition is one of Ianguor and debility. They
complain of no specific disease; they suffer no
positive pain; but they have no relish for any
thing which affords mental or sensuous pleas
ure to their more robust and energetic Fellow
beings. ls
In nine cases out of ten this state of lassitude
and torpor arises from morbid stomach. In
digestion destroysthe energy of both mind and
body. When the waste Of nature is not sup
piled by a@due and regular ASSIMILATION of the
food, every organ is starved, every function in
terrupted. ---
these circumstances of depressionP Thesystem
needs rousing and strengthening; not merely
for an hourorA tSEo,sto sink afterwards into a
more pitiable condition than ever (as it assured
Iy would do if an ordinary alcoholic stinuIant-
was resorted toy bat radically and permanently.
How is this desirable object to be accomplish
ed The answer TO- this question, founded ON
the unvarying experience Of quarter of a CEN
tury, is easily given. Infuse new vigor into the
digestive organs by course of Hostetters
Stomach Bitters. Donot waste time in admin
istering temporary remedies, but wake the sys-s
tenn up by reeuperating the fountain head of
physical strength and energy, the great organ
upon which all the other organs depend for
their nurture and support.
BY the Time that a dozen doses of the great
vegetable tonic and invigorant have been ta-
ken, the feeble frame Of the dyspeptic will be,
gin to feel its benign influence. Appetite Will,
be created, and with appetite the capacity to di-
gest what it Graves Persevere until the cure is
complete-until healthful blood, 1lt to be the
material Of flesh and muscle, bone and nerve
and brain, flows through the channels of circu-
lation, instead of the watery pabulum with
which they have heretofore been imperfectly
nourished.
The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1873-04-17

The Howard Association, of Philadelphia,
has for many years enjoyed good reputation
for professional skill and honorable dealing.
We have reason to believe that it is an institu-
tion of useful character, conducted by trust
worthy Managers.