The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-02-06


tanned that IN framing them the Commissioners had
disreparded the Instructions which had required
them 10 consult the French Court. The secret art-
cle-tne existence OF which had been concealed
rom yergennes-caused Congress considerable EN-
barrassment; but a motion to censure the Commits
sioners JAILED TO pass. The treaty on the whole,
however. was quite satisfactory
The provisional articles were ratified by the re-
specuve governments within the specified time,
and 10 April 1888, the British Ministry appointed
David Hartley TO conclude with the American CON-
missioners definite Treaty OF Peace. But after
several months were spent In discussing the various
preliminary articles they were unable TO agree ON
any alterations; and SO on september 3, l7s3, the
provisional ARTICLES were adopted and signed at Paris
as definite Treaty of Peace by David Hartley on be-
hail of Great Britain. ana by Benjamin Franklin,
John Adams and John jay for the United States.
JAYS TREATY OF COMMERCE, NAVIGATION BoUN-
DAIRY, ErC-lI94.
After the termination OF the Revolutionary
struggle II was soon discovered that mere were
many points of difference between the United states
and Great Britain that were either not proViueu
for by the Treaty Peace OF l7S3 or were SO imper
Sectly treated in that agreement as 10 seriously
aeOpardze the harmony existing between the two
countries The most important omission was that
of some arrangement for the regulation OF inter
national commerce. In 1888 MI. Pitt introduced
bill into Parliament for the temporary regulation or
commercial intercourse between the TWO countries,
which, among other stipuaions, proposed to admit
american vessels into West Indian ports with goods
or merchandise Of American growth production,
and TO permit the people OF the West Indies to ex-
port goods to the United states. But this OIL was
Violently opposed by the Bri,isn shipping interest," e
alter this orders IN Counci were issued enunreiy
excluding American vessels rom the britisn a Mest
Indies, and prohibiting some OF the staple pr0duc-
mons OF America from entering those colonies even
In British vessels ..
london, proposed In 1855 to place the Navigation
an0 trade between the British possessions and the
united States on basis of perfect and liberal re-
EiprOcty but the proposition was rejected and Mr..
adams was given TO understand that none OF
ike nature could be entertained. lie thereupon re-
commended Congress to pass navigation laws LOT
the benefit oil American commerce. but under the
possessed suiicient power. When, however, the
federal constitution was adopted and the revenue
laws came INTO operation Great Britain consldered
1t unwlse to refuse united country the re-
c1procal policy which II mad declined to extend 10
appointed q committee TO consider and report what
were the proposals OF commercial nature that
would be proper to make to The United states, and
the report winch was drawn up ana presented by
Lord Liverpool in 1891 proposed to ask the consent
D the United States to an arrangement similar to
mat proposed by MIR. Adams six years before.
the relations between the two countries from
sequence of Britain declining TO surrender the
Western FORTS which the United States maintained
treaty OF l7Ss. and IN the melting by Brush
emissaries of hostile Indians against the Amerl-
becoming involved with France aud Holland, the
issuing OF orders IN Council which were extremely
Injurious TO American commerce. DIS they led TO the
capture and condemnation OF numerous vessels
upon alse and frivolous preiensons 20 the impress
ana to the exclusion OF American shipping from
trading to the British West ludies.. These acts
created much bitter feeling In the United states
against Great Britain, ana in the spring or 1894
war between the two countries seemed inevitable.
10 avert such calamity John JAY on the nominal
zion OF Washington, was sent as a special envoy to
England to settle ali matters IN dispute, he was
some points and objectionable in others, but which
was the best that couldthen oe obtained.
Jay, on the 10Th OF November, 1914, consisted OF
twenty-eight articles Tue drst ten which were de-
nee Boards is Of or to
the Eastern boundary or the United States by liking
ST. CroiX; another ascertain tue amount OF losses
experienced by British subjects in consequence OF
legal mpeanents 10 Ine recovery OF Bsn anti
was 10 be paid by The government OF the United
by American citizens In consequence of irregu lar
md illegal captures by British cruisers, Tor which
there existed no adequate remedy IN SUITS at Jaw
In consideration OF the arrangement OF the question
of British debts the western posts were to be sur
rendered the lst OF June, 1886 the then residents
In the neighborhood TO have the option OF removing
lions an equal Chance OF the Indian raic there was
To be reciprocity OF inland trade and Intercourse
TWO MISUNDERSTANDING tue navigation OF the
Mlssissppl-the BRUSH also 10 be admitted
all American narDOrS, with the rlEnt 10 ascend
ali rivers 10 The highest port OF entry. But this
reciprocity did not extend 10 the territory OF the
Hudson Bay Company nor +" the admission tS OF
British North American colonies nor to the
navigation OF the rivers OF these colonies below tue
highest port OF entry No objection OF llenage was
TO interfere with the possession OF land within the
dominions OF either power by subjects or citizens OF
The other existing at the date OF the treaty, nor
with It's regular descent, nor 10 the event OF any
war or rupture was there TO be any coniiscatlon py
due 10 or held by the citizens or SUBJECTS OF the
other.
The other eighteen articles were In the nature OF
treaty OF commerce aud navigation, and were
limited to Two years after the organization OF the
then existing European war. They provided for the
admission OF American vessels into British ports In
Europe and the East indies on terms OF equality
with British vessels, but there were no stipuatons
with regard to IA participation In the East indlan
eoastg trade or IN the rade between sa
Tor the reservation 10 the British o the right TO meet
by couutervaiimg enactmeDts, the discrimination
IN American tonnage ana import duties; Tor the
privilege oil American vessels NOT exceeding seventy
ions III burden 10 trade 10 the British West Indies,
but they were not 10 transport IRON America to
Europe any OF the principal coonia products; and
lor British vessels win cargoes 10 be admitted into
duties ana the terms Of tue most favored nations.
IL was also stipulated thal prlvaleers were 10 be
placed under bonds as security for any damages
they might commit against neutras, and TO be SUB
JecJ 10 certain defined regulations with regard 10
equipment, &c; and that provisions aud otner
articles not usually conraoaIll, but becoming 80
under peculiar circumstances, II seized not TO
be connscated but paid for at their full value; and
that no vessel attempting 10 enter bockaded
port TO be captured unless she had first been
notified and turned away Neither nation to
permit enlistments within its territory 10y any third
nation al war with the other; nor were the citizens
subjects Of either 10 accept commissions from or
enlist The service OF such thlfd nation, disregard
ing winch they would be treated as pirates. SHIPS
of war and prvateers OF the two are 10 oe
mutually admitted and hospitality received 10
each others ports, and, win their prizes,
10 he free rom search, seizure or jurisdiction
PrIvatecrs OF nations ut war win either
were neither TO be armed nor allowed TO sell theii
10 purchase more PROVISIONS tnan were necessary
IN carry them Ia tho nearest mort NJ incl,