davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25
Columbia Correspondence Charleston News.
THE RING FRAUDS.
COLUMBIA, July Is.

oOhSHN>3 ONAJ ~0'
The chief event of the last week here ha:
been the argument of the Blue Ridge bono
scrip before Judge Willard, all the important
features ofwhich the Menus has had by telegraph
The result is, that the scrip is now consid
cred utterly worthless, and probably but little
of the bogus currency will ever see light.
The State is thus relieved Of fraudulent
debt of upward of two millions of dollars
which sure y is encouraging for the first effort
which has been made to test the benefits Of
judicial investigation in checking the rascali
ties of the ring.
The destruction of the scrip, however, is
not looked upon as an unmitigated good, for
if il had been left unmolested the terrific
taxes, between four and five millions of dol.
lars, which are to be collected in the fall
could have been paid in scrip probably at the
rate of fifty cents or less on the dollar.
It was the fear of this, doubtless, and nc
honest purpose to benefit the people or expose
fraud, which actuated the proceedings against
the scrip.
Still it is not to be gainsaid that the relief
from two million dollars of Indebtedness is q
thing to be desired, and had better be secured
now when the opportunity offers than post,
poned to some doubtful period for the sake Of
temporary and perhaps questionable advan'
tage
The people will have to pay their taxes in
greenbacks, but they will have between five
and six hundred thousand dollars less to be
collected for, now that the scrip is declared
unconstitutional, of course the tax of three
mills on the dollar levied for its redemption
must fall to the ground.
The case which is now pending against
Parker, that of T. J. & H. M. Gibson and
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

get no money from the treasury. The peni-
Tertiary and lunatic asylum have to resort to
all sorts of shifts to feed their inmates. The
public schools are shut up and the teachers
discharged unpaid. 1t is threatened that the
quarantine along our coast will have to be
abandoned for want of funds. I have not re-
ceived a cent ofpay for nine months, and most
of the State officers whose pay is due quarter
" arein the same condition Meanwhile the
State debt has been increased at least twelve
million of dollars, and between four and five
million dollars have been collected in taxes
during the past four years. That is to say,
the Columbia thieves have had an income
during four years of at least sixteen million
dollars, and now they say they haven't got a
dollar in the treasury. And what have they
to show for it2 Not single public improve
ment. Not one mile of railroad or canal,
not one dollars worth of legitimate expendi-
ture on the misunderstanding at all except
few acres of swamp lands and sand hills
bought by the land commissioner at from two
to ten times its value, and which are now Co.
ing begging for purchase at eight years time
and six per cent. interest. Bah! 1t makes
me sick to think of it.
So it did me, and left. PICKET.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

A New PLAN FOR THE GROCERY TRADE.
A new plan of dealing is being introduced
into the retail grocery trade in England to
induce cash payments for groceries and also
to make new customers, and is said to be
decided success. 1t is styled the "bonus sys-
tenn, for cash payments for groceries," and
consists in allowing bonus of % per cent,
payable at the end of each six months, on all
purchases made during that time. At the
time of each cash purchase metal check is
given showing the amount of the purchase
These are preserved by the buyer, and when
the time of redemption arrives twice year,
the checks show the amount on which the
holder is entitled to % per cent, and is paid
in goods. The firm originating this innova-
tion made their first semi-annual redemption
on the 18th of last month, and state that it
has proved q great success. Many Of their
customers who hitherto had been taking cred
it for periods of one to three months now will
lingly pay cash, and their trade has been
greatly increased at the same time The
success of this firm has induced many others
to ADOPT the same plan,
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

WHAT CAUSES HARD TIMEs.-We are fast
becoming nation of schemers to live without
genuine work. Our boys are not learning
trades; our farmers sons are crowding into
cities, looking for clerkships and post Offices.
Hardly one American girl in each hundred
will do housework for wages, however urgent
her needs. So we are sending to Europe for
workmen and buying millions worth Of pro-
ducts that we ought to be making for our
selves Though our crop of racals is heavy,
we do not grow our own hemp; though we
are overrun with lads who desire fagellation,
we import our own Willows. Our women,
unless deceived, shine in foreign fabrics; our
men wear foreign clothes; the toys which
amuse our younger children have generally
reached us from over the sea. We are like
the farmer who hires his neighbours sons to
cut his wood, feed his stock, run his errands,
etc., while his own boys lounge at the grog-
shop, playing billiards, and then wonders why,
in spite of his best efforts, he sinks deeper and
deeper into debt, till the sheriff cleans him
out, and he starts West to begin again in life.
We must turn over new leaf. Our boys
and girls must be taught to love labor by
qualifying themselves to do it efficiently. We
must grow and fabricate two hundred mill
lions worth per annum, that we now import,
and so reduce the foreign debt that We have
so successfully augmented year by year. We
must qualify our clever boys to erect and run
factories, furnaces, rolling mills, tanneries,
machine shops, etc.; to open and work mines,
improve and fashion implements, and double
the nresent nroduct of their fathers farm. So
we shall stem the tide of the debt that sets
steadily against our shores, and cease to be
visited and annoyed by hard times.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25
LEAD PENCILS.

A lead pencil is in itself a small affair, but
considered as a manufactured product, it rises
into much Importance. To start a frst-class
factory, with improved machinery and stock
of well-seasoned wood, requires a capital of
about 100000; ground covered is about half
an acre, chiefly occupied by drying houses for
the storage Of red cedar. The Florida red
cedar is mostly used in this country and in
Europe-some "iben" wood, as the Germans
call it, or English yew, is used in Germany
white pine is occasionally used for a common
grade of carpenters pencil.
The "lead" of the pencils is the well-known
graphite or plumbago; the best Of this is the
natural, found in pure state in masses large
enough to cut into strips. Of this, there is
but one mine up to the standard, which is in
Asiatic Siberia, and pencils made from this
graphite are all one grade, and pay here fifty
cents per gross special, and thirty per cent.
ad valorem duty. The Cumberland mines in
England, were the first discovered, but are
now almost exhausted. What was formerly
refuse in cutting the graphite is now ground,
cleaned and refined, and then mixed with q
fine clay.
In mixing the clay and graphite, great care
must be taken in selecting and cleaning the
clay and getting the proper proportions; the
mixture, with water, after being well kneaded,
is placed in large receiver and strongly
com oppressed and forced out through small
groove at the bottom, in the shape of thread
of the thickness and style required either
square, octagon or round. This thread or
lead wire is cut in bars of proper length,
(done by little girls,) and then Strengthened,
dried at a moderate heat, and packed in air.
tight crucbles and placed in the furnaces.
The grade of the pencil depends upon the
amount of heat it is exposed to, the amount of
clay used in mixing, and the quality Of the
plumbago. The coloring of the lead is by
various pigments.
The wood, after being thoroughly seasoned,
is cut in thin strips and dried again, then cut
into strips pencil length. These strips are
grooved by machinery, then carried on belt
to the glueing room, where the lead is glued
in the groove, and then the other half Of the
pencil glued on. After being dried under
pressure, they are sent to the turning room
and rounded, squared, or made octagon, by a
very ingenious little machine, which passes
them ready for polishing or coloring. The
former is done on lathes by boys, and the
latter by a machine which holds the brush
and turns the pencils fed to it through hop
per. After the pencil is polished, it is cut
the exact length by circular saw, and the
end is cut smooth by drop-knfe, the pencil
resting on an iron bed:
The stamping is done by a hollow die,
which is heated; the gold or silver foil is then
laid on the pencil, which rests in an iron bed
and the die is then pressed on it by screw
lever. The pencils are then ready to 60 to
the packing room, whence they find their way
to all parts of the civilized world at prices
ranging from two to twenty dollars per gross.
american Exchange and Review.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

SUPPLEMENTARY men are said to be
selftaught. No man was ever taught in any
other way. Do you suppose man to be
bucket to be hung on the wall of knowledge
and pumped full? Man is creature that
learns by the exertion of his own faculties.
There are aids to learning of various kinds;
but no matter how many of these man may
be'surrounded by, after all, the learning is
that which he acquires himself and whether
he is in college or out of college, in school or
out of school, every man must educate him
SELF And in our times and in our communi-
ty, every man has the means of doing it,
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

nT Every man, rich or poor, ought to have
some great absorbing purpose-some active
engagements-in which his energies are de-
voted. Duty, daily duty-not enjoyment
must be the aim of each life. No man has a
right to live upon the fair earth, to breathe
its pure air, to consume its food, to enjoy its
beauties, if he produces nothing in return.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

BEAUTIFUL THOUGHTS. same Maker
who moulded out the sun and stars, watches
the flight of insects. He who balanced the
clouds, and hung the earth upon nothing, no.
tices the fall Of sparrow. He who gave
Saturn his two rings, and placed the moon,
like ball Of silver, in the broad arch of hea-
ven, gives the rose.leaf its delicate tint, And
the same Being notices equally the praise Of
the cherubim and the prayer of fthe little child.
UNFAMILIAR QUoTAT1oN-A nose by any
other name wonld smell az we'll
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25
gu 0riginal grizt Story.
Written for the Yorkville Enquirer.
AN ]HE|RESS|N HEROWN RIGHT.
BY EMILY J.ROMEO.
CHAPTER Xxx.

CHAPTER Xxx. ...
TWO oyIcTORIEs-ONEIN DEAD LANGUAGE !;
THE OTHER IN THAT UNIVERSAL TONGUE
WHICH NEVER DIES.
A li..lal loarn is a dangernns thing;
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1872-07-25

.sMy soul hath found her nearest kin in thee,
And chooseth nov; thy sweet society,"
Come clasp thy gentle hand In mine,
And let us walk through gloom and glad sunshine.
Wyandot County Republican. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1869-1903, 1872-07-18
A Rats Rash Revenge for the Slaugh.
ter of his Tribe.

SOME time ago, a member of Mrs. Conk-
Inns family, residing at Greenpoint, set
poison for rats that had become trouble
some about the house. 1t had the effect
of causing their disappearance, with the
single exception of a champion rat, that
seemed to linger around for sinister pur
poses. On Thursday last, Mrs. Conklin
was in the act of taking some dishes from
the pantry shelf, when this skulking rodent
darted from hole in the wall. and, seizing
her finger, closed its teeth clear through
the fleshy part. 1t held on with such de-
termination that Mrs. Conklin had some
difficulty in shaking it off. Very soon
afterward, the wound began to inflame;
the hand swelled and grew numb, and
sharp pains extended almost to the shoul-
der. She went to a physician, who eau
terized the wound and treated her other
wise so that she has experienced relief
Poison was set out in the hope of kill
ing the animal, but it Stunned the tempt
ing bait, and on the day following made
another attempt to bite Mrs Conklin at
the pantry shelf Failing. however, this
time, it took up position at the entrance
of its hole and stood there defiantly, with
its head half out, and when Mrs. Conklin's
son, young man, came and struck at ii
with stick, it made several attempts to
fly at him, but at last sulkily retired. On
Friday evening the same rat flew from
the pantry and made third desperate at
tack ON Mrs. Conklin. 1t jumped upon
the table, near which she was standing,
and was about to spring ON her, when
her shrek brought her son out of the ad
joining room, and the rat was killed, show,
| ing fight to the last.-N Y. Times
Wyandot County Republican. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1869-1903, 1872-07-18

692 eushels; her barley fields /, ,960, 779 I;
her potato fields 5,914, $50 bushels, while
her dairy products reached 2y,612, ,179
pounds of butter, and l 1,0S7, ,761 pounds of
cheese, and her meadows cut more than
million and half tons of hay The
value of her live stock was $S2, 1927, 1873,
her swine alone numbering / 1858, ,90S.
Look at Minnesota, more Juvenile still
in years, with 46, 800 farms, and 2,322, 1872
acres of titled land. Her yield of wheat,
winter and spring, 3,65S, 466, will equal
that of any three of the New England
States. Her live stock figured up $780,
1854, and her farm productions So 81
446, 400 in value.
We take these four States only, lest we
weary our readers with too many figures,
and on them are "free to maintain" that
the Western States constitute the great
agricultural center of the Union. In a
few specialties, great and long settled
States, like New York and Pennsylvania,
may exceed any of the States of the West.
But when we take into consideration, the
brief agricultural history of the North
west, the pages of the last census report
leave no conjecture as to what are to be
the revelations of the report of 1880,
especially when we remember the rude
and wasteful methods of farming that
prevail over large portion OF our ter
ritory.
In potatoes, in dairy products, in the
number and value of cattle and sheep,
and in the products of her orchards, New
York may exceed Illinois today; but in
horses, in cattle slaughtered, in swine, in
corn and wheat growing, she is already
far behind the Sucker State. In cattle
Texas takes from her thetpalm, and Ohio
and California leave her far behind in the
production of wool.
Illinois has more cultivated acres by
1,7O2, TAG, than the Empire State, but the
total of other farm productions, including
betterments and additions to stock, fall
short in value $42, 665, 575, yet it costs New
York in wages to raise these productions,
| $12, 2,112, ,595 more than it does Illinois. and
she has $352, 351, 420 more money invested
in farms than Illinois, that is, the esti-
mated cash value of her farms is that
much greater Her implements are esti.
mated at S11, ,421, 1875 more than are those
of this State, so that when we come to
add the interest on these additional in
vestments to the increased amount oi
wages, it is quite easy to see that farming
in Illinois is far more profitable, while al
know it is far easier than it is in New
York, the former Empire State of the
Union.-Frdirie Farmer.
Wyandot County Republican. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1869-1903, 1872-07-18
Western Agricultural Statistics.

One enters into an examination of the
agricultural statistics of the Northwest,
as embodied in the census report of 1870,
with feeling of wonder at the marvellous
growth that is revealed. If the world has
before presented a like development of
productive wealth, we know not where to
find it. Look at Illinois, which, as a Ter
ritory in the year 1900, had a population
of but 3, 900 souls, organized as State in
1918, and making her first shipment of
wheat from this city in 1889, a mere load
for a wagon train, of 1,67S bushels in
1870 a population of 2,539, ,891, with 10,
329,952 acres of improved land, and 202,
S03 farms, valued at $500, ,506, 346, carry
ing $34, $40, ,597 worth of farm machinery,
and paying for labor $22, 33S, 767. On
these broad acres there were in use and
subsisting, $149, 757, 69S worth of live
stock, divided as follows: Horses, in
number, S35, ,73S mules and asses, 81, ,075;
milch cows, GAO, 321 working oxen, 49,.
1855; other cattle, LOSS, ,499 sheep,
1868, ,2S6 swine, 2,703, ,343. On them
grow 10, 133, ,207 bushels of spring wheat
19, 995, 19S of winter wheat rye, 2, ,456, SIS
bushels Indian corn, 129, 921, ,395 bushels;
oats, AZ, ,7S0, ,S51 bushels barley, 2, ,4S0, 40C
bushels; buckwheat, 16S, 1862 bushels to.
bacco, 5,249,274 pounds potatoes, TO-.
944, 79G bushels hay, 2,747,33 tons
10,4S6 bushels of clover seed, and 153, 464
of grass seed. Besides all this, 1O4, ,O3S
pounds of hops 2,204, COG pounds of flax,
and 1860, 473 gallons of sorghum molas
ses were produced The flowers of heI
prairies, forests and orchards gave to the
busy colonies of her apiaries the substance
for producing 1,547, ,17S pounds of honey
Her sheep yielded 5,739, 249 pounds OF
wool, and the products of her orchards
vineyards, dairies, ETC., show the same
grand ratio of production.
Look at Wisconsin, with $500, ,343 acres
of cultivated land, divided into 1O2, 9O4
farms, thirty-two of which contain 1,OOC
acres, and upwards, the whole worth
$500, Ala, ,O64, or nearly as much as those
of New Hampshire, Massachusetts and
Connecticut combined Then she grew
"a, 375, Abs bushels of spring, and 1, ,23O,
9O9 of winter wheat, or more than New
York and all the New England States to-
gether. Her dairymen made q, 437 ,O3f
pounds of butter, and ,591, 7S9 pounds OF
cheese; her sheep, numbering 1, ,069, ,2S2
gave 4, 900, $40 pounds of wool her fields
Yielded 15,O33,9 ,99S bushels of corn, 90
$50, ,O16 of oats, 1,645, ,019 bushels of bar
ley, and 6,646, 129 of potatoes ; her hor
yards gave A, $50, 155 pounds, and are ex
ceeded in extent only by New York. -.
Look at Iowa, far more youthful thar
either of the preceding States and grow
ing with surprising vigor. She already
has 116,292 farms, giving an aggregate OF
1896, 467 acres of improved land. Hel
Indian corn fields gave a product of 81,
005, 142 bushels; her wheat fields 30, ABS,
Wyandot County Republican. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1869-1903, 1872-07-18
ssRobiHson Crusoe's" Home.

THE following bit of information will
be of interest the world over: At a dis
tance of less than three days voyage from
Valparaiso, in Chilli, nearly in the same
latitude with this important port on the
Western coast of South America, is the
island of Juan Fernandez, where once
upon a time Alexander Selkirk, during 3
solitary Punishment of four years, gather
ed the material for Defoe's Robinson
Crusoe." This island, little thought of
by the inhabitants of the ChIlian coast
land, has lately become of some interest,
from the fact that in December, 1868, it
was ceded to u society of Germans, un-
der the guidance of Robert Wehrhan,
an engineer from Saxony, for the pur-
pose of colonization. The entrepreneur
of this expedition, the aforementioned
pioneer, left Germany eleven years since,
passed several years in England, served
as major throughout the war of the re-
public against secession, and was subse-
quently engaged as an engineer with the
Ceropasco Railroad in South America.
He and his society, about sixty or sew
enty individuals, have taken possession
of the island, which is described as being
most fertile and lovely spot.
They found there countless herds of
goats, some half-wild horses, sixty DON
keys, the latter animals proving to be ex-
ceedingly shy. They brought with them
COWS and other cattle, swine, numerous
fowls, and all the various kinds of agri.
cultural implements, with boats and fish.
ing apparatus, to engage in different pur
suits and occupations. The grotto made
famous as Robinson's abode-situated in
spacious valley, covered with large field:
of wild turnips, desirable food fol
swine-has been assigned to the hopeful
young Chilian gentleman to whom the
care of the porcine part of the society:
proteges are doing very well in theil
new quarters. Juan Fernandez is one
of the stations where whaling vessels
| take in water and wood.
Wyandot County Republican. [volume] (Upper Sandusky, Ohio) 1869-1903, 1872-07-18
What They Expect.

Ex-Governor SWAN, the leader of the
rebel Democracy of Maryland, in re-
cent Greeley speech, declared as follows
even by those politicians adverse to him, on the
ground that half loaf is better than no bread.
He must yield many of his isms and prejudices,
and his Administration will surely be Democratic,
and, if not, the party will be able, through the
lower house OF Congress. to control the Govern
ment.'
Swan is what people would call a
sharp" politician-a fair sample of the
unprincipled demagogues who lead and
shape the policy of the Democratic party
of the country-and, as such, his ex-
pressed views have more than ordinary
significance at the present time.
1t is to be noted that the above declara-
ton contains three propositions that are
worthy of attention:
1. The Democrats "must elect Gree
ley, notwithstanding his past hostility to
them, because, by electing him, they will
secure at least some, if not all, of the
offices under him.
2. Greeley will 'ha0e to- give up all his
former professions and principles, and, if
elected, would "surely'' make his Admin,
istration a Democratic one.
8. If he should not make his Admins.
tration Democratic one, the bargain be-
tween the renegade Liberal Republicans
and the Democrats, by which the former
are to support the Democratic candidates
for Congress throughout the country in
return for the support the Democrats are
giving Greeley, encourages the Democrat
ic leaders to hope that they will at least
secure majority in the House of Repre-
sentatives, and thus get ''the control of
the Government"
Governor Swans declaration, embody-
grave consideration, and should have the
effect of opening the eyes of every voter
in the nation who is not ready and will
ing to surrender the Government and all
the great public interests of the country
into the hands of the party of the Copper.
heads and rebels, who have so notorious.
ly proved themselves the enemies of the
Republic. Chicago Journal.