The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1872-06-29
Chr gasmcy,
Transplanting Trees and Vines.

Iransplanting Trees and Vines.
Transplanting may be done at any time
when the ground is in working order, be.
tween the cessation Of growth in Autumn
until it commences again in spring. Al.
most any soil tina, will produce good crops
ofeorn or vegetables, viii grow fruit trees.
Let it be well prepared BY deep and thor.
ough plowing-if sub-soil pillow can be
used, so much the better If the whole
surface cannot be prepared at once. plow
six or eight burrows where the row Is 10
stand then dig the holes sufficiently large
to admit the roots, giving them their nat.
urnl position, as near as practicable. Pare
oh all bruised and broken parts, then din
the roots in mud, so as to coat every part.
Fill up the holes with iiuely paiyerised
soil, Earring the tree frequently as the work
goes on, so as to settle the earth well about
II; then tramp slightly with the feet. Set
the trees just as deep as they stood in the
Nursery. AVOID deep planting, for that is
decidedly injurious. Bank up the earth
say II inches high--immediaiel around
the tree this will hold It steady. and OBJ
waite the necessity OF stalking. 1.-THE trees
should comcIo hand in a dry state. and
the bark be much shrivellel, inmerse the
whole tree in water for As hours or If re-
ceiyed IN frozen condition, put the bun.
die unopened in cellar, or some dark
place free from frost, when the thawing
will be gradual, and little or no injury will
be sustained. In the spring, the ground
shouldbe well mulehed for space Of four 10
six feet in diameter around each tree. This
consists in covering the surflee with straw.
leaves, shavings, spenttan bark, &c. Ii
should be plaeed--say four inches thick i;
this will prevent weeds from growing, and
protect The trees against the damaging eli.
iects Of midsummer drought.
CuLTuKE. Every farmer knows how 10
grow corn the same culture will make
fruit trees grow. Frequent stirring Of the
soil Is absolutely necessary, but do not 20
SO deep as to disturb the roots. Corn, %.
iutoes, peas or any crop that requires sum.
mer culture, may be grown. bat the fertil.
ily Of the soil should be maintained BY the
use Of well deconposed manure--an oeca.
sionai application Of lime will be found
beneficial
PRUNING. This is the most inporlant
part Of our subject, and is so often imnres
sed upon US by the sight Of a air3eyed
orchard, that we cannot refrain from
dwelling at some length upon It. Thous
ands, yes hundreds Of thosands. OF trees
are annually crippled while vet in the Nqr.
sery, by pruning up long steins--say 4 10 3
feet We would not plaat such trees If
they could be had without cost. We want
youag trees, branched low, or so youuo
that We can cut them back, and cause them
10 force out branches near the ground. The
Apple, Pear and Cherry, We would moi
want hranehed over two feet from The
gronnd-one foot would be better. Peach.
rs We would allow to branch even lower.
and must advise Getting them back at dc
time Of planting, TO eighteen inches or two
feet from the ground, and also shortening
NJ the side branches QUE half or two thirds
Trees OF all kinds brauched low, will aroW
twice as fast as when trimmed us to a long
naked stem, be stronger ard more healthy.
less liable to diseases OF the stem and at.
tacks oil insects, that are now DESTROYING
80 many orchards. They will also bear
inuch more iruit in "a short time. aud 4
WIN De more easily gathered besides, in a
lew years, less cultivation OF the ground
VIII he necessary, as lutte grass will grow
under trees trained in this way. Annie
and Pear trees should be trimmed with omen
heads, SO as to admit the sun and air.
Come varieties will require little or no
thinning cut Of the branches, while others.
win ciose, compact heads, will need
good deal 81 thinning Peaches and Me-.
'arines will only require shorfening in If
the branches.
We earnestly advise the planting Of
small, yosny, thrifty trees, and IL they
are not branched they can be cut back so
as to force ontbranehes at the proper place
With old trees that have been pruned high,
this cannot be done. All trees require
some pruning or shortening in Of the
branches at the time Of transplanting, but
TO what extent this shonld be carried de.
ponds upon the loss Of roots il q great
portion have been broken off, a severe
shortening in Of the branches will be No.
eessary; if they are little broken. more
moderate pruning will suffice; but in all
eases let il be done so as 10 form a Iow
and proper shaped head. We must again
say, that saadit, young trees are much the
best. They can be removed with their sys
tenn Of roots almost entire. They possess
more vitality, moro recuperative power
than older ones, and will grow OF much
more readily and vigorously, and arc within
~ rNNtttt " AAC oiNudtnSl 10 lOflH Inc
head as he may want it.
DUrAScE TO PLANT.-Apples should be
sS feet apart each way Peaches, Pears
and large growing Cherries 20 feet; Dukes
and Morellos is feet; Plums, Apricots and
Nectarines, 10 feet Ounces. u feet;
Dwarf Pears, Apple and Cherry, to 10
feet; Grapes, strong growing kinds, 6 by 10
feet, weak growers, by 6.
Strawberries. Where the horse cult
vat0r is used, should be in rows Q feet apart,
and stand y inches apart in the row =
When the cultivation is all done by hand,
put the rows IS inches apart, with the
plants " inches from each other in tho
row. Keep The ground free from weeds,
and cut off all runners as they appear. 10
keep the fruit clean, the ground around
The plants should be covered with straw,
leaves, shayings, or something Of the sort
early in the Spring. No blowing or boo.
Jug should be done after they commence
blooming. Pull all weeds by hand until
after the crop Is gathered, then the eaiti-