The Marietta journal. [volume] (Marietta, Ga.) 1866-1909, 1872-12-13
Jlle aAarletta gunrllal.
Marietta, Georgia, December 10, 1872
For the Marietta Journal.
IKE SOUTH.
Considered Historically.


The South properly includes only
the eleven States which seeded
from the Union in lS60-61, namely
the States of Virginia, North Caro-
lima, Tennessee, South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Missis-
sippi, Louisiana, Arkansas and Tex
as. We shall first briefly notice the
colonization Of the States.
Florida, that delightful Peninsula,
the "garden of the South" was the
first settled of the eleven. The
Spanish and the French jointly
claimed the right to settle on its
shores. the latter were defeated in
the struggle and the Spanish built a
fort on the eastern coast. near the
mouth of the St. Johns hiver, and
soon after a settlement was begun
near the fort-this settlement still
exists and is known as the town of
St. Augustine. This was done in
1864.
Virginia, the Ancient Dominion,
was next settled. IT'S true, Sir
Walter Raleigh had in 1855 landed
on Roanoke Island, North Carolina,
and founded settlement, but it was
abandoned soon afterwards by the
settlers. In 1907, the English sail
ed up the broad bosom Of the James
River, and landing at place some
thirty miles from the mouth of the
river, they founded town and call
ed it jamestown. Captain John
Smith was the hero of this colony
and once or twice saved it from de-
struction by the Indians and famine.
Pochahontas plays an active part in
the early history of Virginia.
North Carolina was first perma-
nently settled at Albermarlc in 1868
by English.
South Carolina was next settled
The settlers we're English and first
formed colony at Beaufort. Soon
after settlement was formed at
Charleston. The settlement at
Beaufort took place in 1870 at
Charleston about year later. The
colony received a valuable accession
in the shape of French IIuguenots
who emigrated to Charleston about
1856.
Arkansas was next settled by the
French, who built fort at Arkan>
sas Post on the Arkansas River in
1885.
Texas, like Florida, was contest
ed for by the French and Spanish,
and, as in Florida, the Spanish were
successful and founded permanent
settlement at Matagorda in 1890.
Louisiana was next settled at
Ibberville by the French in 1699.-
Soon after settlement was begun
at New Orleans by the same nation.
Mississippi was next settled at
Biloxi on the Gulf, but the French,
by whom it was there settled, soon
after about l719 made a more sue
cessful settlement at Natchez on the
Mississippi, but the settlement at
Biloxi still existed. In I'LL ac-
cording to some, in 1888 according
to others, the French founded
town where Mobile now stands. -
This was the first settlement begun
in Alabama. In 1888, James Ogle>
thorpe, an English gentleman of
good birth, settled on the Savannah
River where Savannah now stands.
Soon after he made settlement at
Fredrica, aud still later in 1885 one
at Augusta. These were the first
settlements in Georgia.
In 1854 settlement was begun
at place near Nashville, but the
first permanent settlement was be-
gun at Fort Loudon in 1857 by set
tiers from North Carolina. Thus
was Tennessee settled.
OF these colonies only FIVE, viz !:
Virginia, Nerth Carolina, Tennessee,
South Carolina and Georgia, were
English colonies and fought in the
Old Revolution of 1875. After the
Revolution ended in 1888 all Of these
five rose rapidly in population and
Importance, Virginia being at the
head of the Southern States, as her
noblest son George Washington was
at the head Of the Government at
this time. In 1889 all of these i've
had signed the Constitution. except
Tennessee, who was then a terri
tory, and were States in the Union
as it once was, but may never be
again. In 1897 Tennessee was ad
mitted also into the Union. In 1903
Louisiana and Arkansas were pur
chased from the French, and in
1912 Louisiana became State, and
in 1917 Mississippi was also admit
ted. In 1919 Alabama was admit
ted. The United States having pur
chased Florida from the Spanish in
1921, in 1881 Florida was made a
Territory and the Atlantic and the
Gulf now formed our Southern
boundary.
In 1886 Arkansas became State,
and in 1898 Texas became indie
pendent of Mexico forming separ-
ate Republic. About 1886 most OF
the Creek, Chickasaw, ChOctaw and
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