davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1872-07-26

9'he highest average salaries Of
.clcrgymen in New York are paidill
the prqtesiant Epi~l,4al, Church.
two m'o''tes 'scs-S3 Ya e
tasL.
The Albany register. [volume] (Albany, Or.) 1868-18??, 1872-07-26

Martha SnItil laMlAdatlieason tws,
Telegraph; gl'tTs;ors il New .Tcrp.
have h'f't 4 'es'y is'ss3,-Sfi Il me ata
>. . e. srvelE sra &itAIsA
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
Obitnarp.

LABATUr.-Dled at Stateburg, 8. O., May 28th,
1872 OF brain fever, PRESTON T. LABATUT, young.
est son or the late CASTOR A. LaBstur, OF this city,
Our young and much loved friend iS no longer
with us: mis- pleasant and winning countenance
we see no more. Deaths unavoidable hand has
conveyed him to an unseen w,7ld where sorrows
will not confront him. He was patient In his
afliictlons and bore Them with Christian fortttude.
Called from home to perform good WORK, he
governed both Sabbath and day school, with q
large number OF pupils who esteemed and loved
hlm much. surrounded BY them ne was happy
10 his vocation, but God, iu His Infinite wisdom,
ha. 8 on fG to remove him from these earthly
scenes.
HIS studlousness and quickness OF apprehension
afforded him mind which he rendered useful to
himself aud others.
Kind and afsble In his disposition, PRESTON
won the affections Of many, and has Left behind
him q host OF friends and dear and devoted
mother with whom We deeply sympalhize. u
. But why should we MOURN o n young friend
gained not only earthly friends but the compan.
iODship OF that Dear Friend above 10 whose arms
heIn0w reposes. T.S.
PIECKNEY.-Died, near Stateburg, on Wednes-
day, the 29:h OF May. WILLIAM REUBEN, infant
son Of Henry L. and Harrlott L. Pinckney, aged
months and 20 days.
"He died to sin, he died to cares, .F.-,.
Butf0r q moment lelt the rod;
Omourner, such, the Lord declares.
such are the children Of our God"
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
MOONLIGHT EXCURSION OF THE
PIONEERS.
A Observation-Disclosures.

At the regular meeting OF the Pioneer Steam
Fire Engine Company, held on "Wednesday
evening, it was determined to give moon
light excursion around the harbor on the eve
ming OF the 2lst instant. The Mount Pleasant
Company's ferry-boat has been chartered; q
fine band of music ia engaged. The lady
friends of the company have been Invited, and
will lend their attractive presence to enhance
the pleasures of the occasion. After the meet
ing had adjourned, the company were sur
prIsed by receiving several bowls of punch,
one of which was present from Alderman
Kenny, In honor OF the victory achieved by
the company in the tournament on the 9th of
Nay last. The contents of the bowls were
subjected to critical, lssgthy and exhaustive
examination, which kept the members and
their guests pleasantly employed during the
rest of the evening. Among the guests pres
ent were Alderman Kenny, President H. Fer
guson, of the Palmetto Steam Fire Engine
Company; Foreman Davidson, of Truck No. q;
President Levin, of the Young America Steam
Fire Engine Company, and others, who, with
song and sentiment, joined In the relaxation
of their whole-souled hosts.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

THE CHARLESTON LIGHT DRAGON SABRE
CLUB-A meeting OF this promising organlza-
tlon was held last evening at the Mills House,
at which the uniform, very handsome and
tasteful one, was adopted. 1t cons'sts of O
black felt hat, ornamented with black os.
trich plume, and looped up on the right side
with gill crossed sabres; jacket of The we'll
known gray cloth, cut In zouave style, with
rolling collar and trimmed with buff cord, and
confined OF tho neck with one large Palmetto
button; vest OF buff opera flannel, straight col.
lar buttoned TO the throat with small Palmetto
buttons; pants white, with yellow top boots
The usual equipments of s mounted club will
be added, and the club will make a splendid
show on parades. The uniforms have been or
dered and are now being made up. Several
applicants were elected members, and COM
nittees we're appointed to procure suitable
place for holding the regular meetings, drills,
&c. Messrs. Roach and O'Hear were appoint
ed stewards, with directions to see that ,he
social enjoyment of the club be not unproVided
for at the regular meetings.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

Robert B. Roosevelt, In brief speech. gave
bis reasons why he as Democrat, and why
other Democrats can sustain Greeley, and can
nominate him at Baltimore, and help elect MIN
afterwards.
Ex-Governor Bradford, of Maryland, follow
ed In apowerlul and effective speech. It was
q great oratorical effort, and called forth round
after round of vocilerous applause. Though
advanced In years, the governor has lost none
of his vim, and fairly entranced the audience
by his frequent bursts Of eloquence. He was
followed by the Hon. Joseph j. Stewart, OF
Maryland, who, In alluding to Colonel Nc
Cure's speech, said that to Pennsylvania
forty thousand Maryland would add an addl-
tlonal majority of twenty-five thousand. And,
OF South Carolina, the champion OF honesty
will carry every electoral vote south Of Mason
and Dixon's line.
A letter was read from Senator Fenton, ap-
proving the progressive doctrine OF the Libe-
raj Republicans.
"A letter from the Hon. Montgomery Blair
was read. It declares that not until attacked
by Sumner, SchurZ and Trumbull was the ad
ministralion brought to bay. There Is now
alism must be broken up. To allay the North.
ern jealousy of the South the Democracy
should support the Reform Republicans. To
refuse to accept the latter's candidate Ia to
stick In the dark. 1t Is hopeless to beat Grant
with straight Democratic ticket.
A letter from Senator Trumbull coDgratu-
lates the Liberals for deliverance from party
trammels and for giving the people an oppor-
tunity 10 elect Horace Greeley President to
paclfy the government and oblterate old ami
mosilles.
A letter from Cassus N. Clay was also read,
speaking In the warmest terms Of honest
Horace Greeley and Gratz Brown, and pralsing
the grand principles upon which they have
been nominated.
Letters were also read from George W.
Julian, JAMES Brooks, General Imboden, John
Danforlh, of New London; G. B. Sedgwick, OF
Syracuse; W. W. Niles and DR.. Adolph Kess-
Ter. General Imboden says he hastens to as
sure the meeting that the Southern men
heartily unite In support Of the policy and
nominees of the Cincinnati Convention. The
unanimity In the South Is without parallel; the
opposition In Virginia too feeble 10 provoke
campaign.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

SOLD FOR TAYEs.-The following pieces OF
properly were sold on Wednesday and yester-
day under the statute for taxes due:
3. H. Clarkson, No. 4S Smith street, taxes
$63 60; purchaser, E. P. Wall.
John Cleary, No. IL Friend street, taxes
$50 rs; purchaser, E. P. Wall.
Rachel Cohen, Fudd's court, taxes SAB O5;
purchaser, A. Cohen.
W. d. Combs, Nos. 20 and 81 Rutedge street,
taxes SAG 80; purchaser, E. P. Wall.
Louis Dacosta, No. IL Woolfe street, taxes
STA 05; purchaser, E. P. Wall.
Miss A. 8. Duffy, No. &C Spring street, taxes
$26 II, s9l00 Interest; sold to R. G. Crumb.
The sales were attended but by few persons,
and the bidding, which never rose to more
than the taxes, was confined to one or two.
The last mentioned piece OF property was the
only one sold yesterday, all of the rest put up
having been bought in by the Slate for want
OF bid. This completes the sale down to the
end of the letter 6. 1t will be resumed to-day
at noon, beginning with the letter F.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

CAUGHT IN TRAP.-Robert Al!ston, col
ored boy, was employed yesterday afternoon
mindiug COWS upon the green at the northeast
corner of Queen and Meeting streets, and,
in company with several other boys, amused
himself by playing at chimney.sweep in the
little square brick building In the middle Of
the green. While going through the chimney,
In bis turn, Robert stuck, with one knee near
his chin, and Instead OF the usual sweep hal
loo from the top. series of terrified yells and
shrleks issued from the depths OF the flue.
The boys took to their heels as II they had seen
ghost, but fortunately the screams attracted
the attention OF Mr. Davis, from saloon near
by. aud he ran over to see what was the mat
ter. By dint of knocking away large amount
of brick, he succeeded in reaching Robert,
and, forcing the latter's knee into It's proper
position, he extracted the frightened boy by
the nape OF the neck. Robert had his shlns
a little bruised aad his back considerably
scraped, but beyond this received ns injuries.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

THE NAVAL STORES TRADE.-We are ln-
formed by Mr.. T. W. Stanland, naval stores
broker, that the receipts of spirits of turpen-
tine at this port during The month of May were
1854 casks, estimated value sl05 300. The re.
ceipts of rosin for the same period were TO-
$50 pounds, estimated value sl25,O0O. These
figures show an increase of at least fifty per
cent. over the month of May, 1871, and are Lhe
largest receipts since 1860, which gives very
practical and satisfactory assurance that the
admirable advantages of Charleston, both as a
market and shipping port, are rapidly bringing
the city back to lis old-tlme prestige among
mercantile communities.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
NEWS FROM WASHINGTON.

WASHINGTON, June G.
It is asserted that Secretary Fish has re-
signed.
The Spanish Government will release Dr.
Howard as favor 10 the United Slatea, but u
the demand is made on Lhe grouad OF Amerl-
cau citizenship 1t will be refused.
In The Senate to-day there were many fac-
Lious amendments to The clause Of the appro.
priation bill giving a quarter million to
over TO Friday. The bill 10 punish obstruction
to the administration of Justice In the United
States Courts was passed and goes to the Pres
ideut. Chandler made aG elaborate attack
on Sumner Tor his statements regarding Stan.
ton aud Grant. Mr.. Sumner said he would
read one single letter to show the truth OIL
what he had said In his reference to Mr. Sian
toms opinion Of Gla ant. Before reading II,
however, he would declare that Mr.. Stanton
did say 10 him what he had reported he as
serted on this floor. Mr.. Sumner here read
this morning from Horace White, Of Chicago
.Dear Mr. Summer late Secretary
Stanton, not once merely but several times
expressed to me substantially the same opln.
lon OF General Grant that he old to you, With
The addition that the merit OF Grant had beer
greatly overraLed as military commander
As to The latter point, recall u long corlVersa
lion with him OF the tghtlng at Spotts!lVanla
Courthouse, In which he expressed more tnal
had ever knowI him 10 feel concerning any
campalgn. He felt that he could not continue
to ill up the awful gapa made by Lee III oui
ranks, Without further call on The loya
Slales for lruops; but suppose yon know al
ABOUT that. During portion OF this conVer'
taliou he kept Chandler cooling his heels IN
the ante.room, In order TO finish what ne hao
to saw to me, mere Bohemian; although
twcs suggested that it would he indecorous
for me 10 remain while senator desired an
audience"
The river and hatbor bill was passed, and
goes back 10 the House Tor concurrence. Most
Of the Southern appropriations were Increased
The Red River RAFT appropriation OF Sic, ,0OC
occasioned considerable discussion, but was
finally adopted. Louisville gets nearly half Q
million duars. Galveston $1,000 for improv
Ing The harbor; 900 tor Improving Red Fish
River, $4,000 ior Cypress Bayou, $l7, 500 ior
Cedar Keys and st. Johns River, Florida
5000, 900 for improving the Arkansas, White,
Red, Black aud Ouachlta rivers; 100000 fol
improving Mobile harbor; $780, 900 for improv.
Ing Savannah lIarbor and river. Georgia; $4,000
for AccolInk Creek, $4,000 for Acquia and
Sic, 600 for Rappa,lanUck River Creek, Vir
gina; $40, 900 for Roanoke River, $l00. 900 for
Cape Fear River, North Carolina; $40. 900 fol
Charleston harbor. South Carolina. The bill
goes to the House for concurrence. The elec
tlon or enforcement bill will probably become
law. This Information is furnished from 6
very knowing source. The tax and tariff bills
have been signed.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
The Great Greeley Meeting on Monday
Night-An Immense Gatherlng-Fhe
Speeches, Letters and Resolutions, &e.

The New York Herald, in leading article,
saws that the Greeley and Brown mass meet
Ing held In New York on Monday was ''the
very largest and most imposing and enthu'
sIastIc political ratification meeting drawn 10.
gether since the ratification of Seymour and
Blair In 1863" nor can the Herald resist the
conclusion that the Democratic party sin
adopting the Cincinnati ticket can Insure fol-
it popular majority in New York City, which
will probably decide the vote of the State. ,
The Tribune says the meeting takes rank
among the greatest and most enthusiastic
held since the war. The Journal of Commerce
bears out this statement with the remark thai
s.long before the hour appointed the great hal
was packed to Its full capacity" and ia vast
throng gathered outside" On The whole 1t Ii
evident that 1t was great and earnest meet
Ing.
There was speaking from FIVE different
stands. The meeting within the Cooper lnsll
tule was presided over by General John Coch
rane. On the platform were j. R. Fellows, ex
Marshal Rynders, ex-Rseorder James NJ. Smith
and others. Hon. Reverdy Johnson and ex.
Governor Bradford, of Maryland, Were also
present A list OF rice-presldenls was then
read, among whom were Ben. Wood, Erastns
Brooks. Amos ]. Cummings, Geo. w. Wilkes,
Michael Connolly, F. J. FIrhian, John Mullaiy,
VIM. F. Home. Felix Murphy, Ferdinand
Franck, Julius Llppman, George Ludwig and
others.
General Cochrane, In his address, claimed
that the ticket of the Liberal Republicans ex'
pressed honesty in the government and hon.
esty In the man. Greeley, wherever known,
is regarded as good, honorable and true.
Resolutions were adopted reatli rming the
Cincinnati platform, commencing lt5 accept
ance by the Rochester State Convention, eulo.
pizing Horace Greeley and Graz Brown, hall
Ing the approval OF The ticket in the South as
a return OF Union feeling, and welcoming the
co.operalion or all devoted 10 reunion and re-
form.
Senator Upton, of Nebraska, was the first
speaker. He made forclble argument In
favor OF political reform and ending sectional
animositles. den0uncing the administration,
and pralslng Senator Schurz and Sumner iOr
their course In Congress.
Colonel Alex. Mcclure, of Pennsylvania, fol.
lowed. and was greeted with enthusiastic ap-
plausp. He referred to the coming Presiden-
IIal contest as the last great battle OF our civil
war. He dwelt with particular severity upon
the exasperatlpg policy of the government
since The war, and It's many abuses and cor
ruptions.
pressing the belief that political lines were
dIssolving, aud honest Democrats and honest
Republicans, so long divided by them, were
coming together, intent upen touring down
the false barrier which assumes 10 separate
LOYALTY from treason, aud commit the gov
ernment to new and pure hands.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

THe STATE CoURr.-The Court Of General
Sessions was opcnsd at ten o'clock, Judge
Graham presiding, and was occupied all day
In hearing the case OF Rhina Washington aud
Josiah Williams. Indicted for the murder Of an
infant. Colonel R. W. Seymour appeared for
the defence, and after argument and the
Judges charge, the case was given to the Jury
They remained out about forty minutes and
returned, finding Rhina Washington guilty,
but recommended her to the mercy Of the
court, and Josiah Williams not guilty. vii
lIams was discharged, aud after recess the
court met OF halfpast FIVE o'clock, when
RhIna was sentenced to BIZ taken to the Jai
and kept in close confinement until Friday,
the second day of August, 1872, when she Is
10 be taken to The place or execution and
hanged.
Tho usual general orders were then issued
after which the court adjourned sine die.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
The New YORK VEGETABLE MARKET.-The
Daily Bulletin of Wednesday, June 6, says:

The New YORK VEGETABLE MARKET.-The
Daily Bulletin of Wednesday, June 6, says:
The market for old potatoes still rules In the
same dull and unsatisfactory position as char.
aclerzed iI for some time past, and sales can
hardly BIZ forced at any price. Green yegeta-
bl.s are not materially changed, the demand
Is good and about equal TO Lne supply. Our
quotations for potatoes are In bnlk; In shipping
order SOC per Darrel must be added. Ber-
mudas are held at So from dock.
New Southern s3a4. We quote old as follows:
81 75a2 Is per barrel for Peachblows; 81 Goal rs
per barrel for Early Rose; slal rs for early
Goodrich; $lul 25 per barrel tor Jackson
whites; 81 5Odl rs for Prince Alberls. In vege-
ables We quote green peas $3a4 30 per Dbl.
Carrots s44$4 so PEI barrel. Radshes 50asl
tor Jrrsey aud Long Island, per 100 bunches.
Russian lurnips $3as3 so per barrel. Parsnips
81 504s2. Onions, 50casl for red, and about
the same for white. Spinach 75c per barrel.
Bermuda tomatoes slusl l2per box; do onions
81 75a2 per crate. Rhuoarb s2a3 per 100
punches. Jersey and Loug Island asparagus 81
per dozen: do. Oyster Bay sSa3 90 per dozen.
Lettuce 81 6Oa2 per 100. Sprouts 81 so per
barrel. String beans s2d2 rs per crate.
Cucumbers s2a3 per crate. Summer squash
per crate 81. New tnrnlps S2a6 per 100
punches. New caboages s2a2 so per bbl.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
sPIRKs FROM TIE Wires.

The White Pine region miners struck for
four dollars per day, aud work is stopped.
Jan Rudolf ThorbIck, an eminent states
man and minister of Holland. is dead.
The southern portion OF Arizona Is over
run with Apaches. The settlers are abandon
ing their houses and crops.
The laborers on the Philadelphia Gas
Works struck yesterday, and there was some
fear that The Grant Convention might have to
close its laborS In darkness.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

UNITED STATES CoURT.-W. T. higgins. coR-
going sentence In the Charleston Jail, being
too III to be removed TO Albany, N. Y, as
directed by the order of tho secretary Of the
Interior, the marshal was directed by an order
ol the court, with the consent Of tho district
attorney, TO retain the said prisoner In
Charleston Jail until his physical condition
should warrant such removal.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

CLUBS AND DSTARs.-AHdrew Anderson, lodged
for striking Joseph Wilson In Elliott street,
was fined two dollars, which he paid.
Anthony Cross, arrested for being disorder.
", and assaultlng Michael Mcbride In State
street, was sentenced to pay line of one dol
lar, or spend ten days In the House of Correc-
lion.
James Webb, small colored boy, found
sleeping on door step at the corner of Meet
ing and Market streets, was discharged.
One case of "meutal abstraction was re-
ported from the Upper Wards, and the offender
was fined one dollar. He said it was cheap at
that, and paid mp.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
Hotel ArrIvals-June o.

PAVH NHOTEL. tS'e'
john stryker, New York; G, 8. Edwards, st.
Johns; Edwd. F. David, Walterboro'; J. W.
Delano, Mount Pleasant; N. L. Jones, W. Fea-
goD. James Murphy, Graham's Crossroads; s.
A. Torlay, South Carolina.
CHARLESTON HOTEL.
John B. Palmer, G. b. Manson, W. Turnbul,
Columbia; A. B. Wrenn. N. and @. Railroad; A..
Groverman, Jr., Baltimore; T. Lansing, Nlcho-
los Lin, New York; jus. A. Haynes, Baltimore;
Moses Wadhams, E. L. Wadhams, Plymouth,
Pennsylvania. 3
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

THR LATE DR.. BERMINdHAM.-The remains
OF the Very Rev. T. Birmingham, D. D., are
expected TO arrive in the city from New York
this afternoon, and the members OF the various
Catholic vestrles are notified TO meet at the
episcopal residence at haltpast o'clock, to
proceed 10 the Northeastern Railroad depot
and escort the remains to the Cathedral Chap
el, where they will lie In state tonight, sur
rounded by guard of honor. Tomorrow
,morHing, at hall.past eight, the office of the
dead will be recIted by The clergy, after which
solemn requiem mass will be offered up Tor
the reposs OF his soul.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

TIE NEW PANoRAMA.-The exhibition of
the new National Panorama of the United
States was resumed yesterday afternoon at
HipernIan Hall under rather more favorable
auspices than attended 1t on the first night.
The mechanical difficulties OF. the opening ex.
hibition have been overcome, and fluent and
ready.wltted lecturer secured, and, with the
aid of Muller's fine orchestra, pleasant en-
tertainment was afforded 10 the audience,
which consisted principally of the bright
faced inmates OF the Confederate Widows
Home and the Orphan ayslum. In the eve-
ming another exhibition was given. Another
matinee will be given at P. NJ. to-day, which
will be the last exhibition In Charleston, as
the panorama goes tonight TO Columbia.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

RAILROAD SoUABBLE IN AUGUSTA ls
a "hltch" between the Port Royal Railroad
Company and the city authorities of Augusta
in regard to the conditions upon which the
company Is to be allowed to bring Its line into
the streets of the city. The majority of the
aldermen declare they will not give way.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
funeral. i. n Ngtlres.

~THE FRIENDS OF THE LATE
Very Rev. Dr.. BEaMlNGaAM are invited to at
tend hls Funeral Oosequlos at the Cathedral
Chapel, on SATURDAY, at o A. n.
The Vestres OF tho Catholic Congregations OF
the city will meet at the Episcopal Residence To-
DAY, at hsf-past P. H., and thence proceed to
the Northeastern Railroad depot to escort the
remains to the Cathedral Chapel. 49,.
At half past A. II TOMORROW. the ONCE
OF the Dead Vill be reoited by the Clergy, after,
which Solemn Requiem Mass will be offered up
Tor the repose OF his soul jun7
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

CRUABs.-The county treasurer's office ls
daily crowded by citizens coming up to pay
their taxes, impelled thereto by the daily sale
Of the property of delinquents, which will
probably occupy about two weeks longer.
Still they come The Augusta Constitu-
tlona!ist, In Its Issue ofyesterday, displays the
names OF Greeley and Brown at the head of
Its columns as It's candidates.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
LOUISIANA IN TIE RIGHT PATE.

NEW ORLEANS, June 6. =
The committees Of LIBERAL Republicans aud
Democrats have reported. Each maintains q
separate organization, and appoints a COM
mittee to agree on common ticket and Ak
the basis Of cooperation between the two
parties, the ticket and basis OF co-opcrattoa to
be subject to approval by either convention,
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07
THE AUGUSTA EXCHANGE.

AUGUSTA, June g..
The Augusta Exchange was formally opened
to-day tor the transaction Of cotton, stock,
bond and produce business. It embraces
prominent and substantial merchants. W. f.
Herring is president, and G. w. Trotter super
intendent.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1872-06-07

TIE NEW YORK FRUIT MARKET.-The Daily
Bulletin OF Wednesday, June s, says:
There ls little of any change to notice to-
day. We quote as follows: Strawberries 5a15c
per quart Apples-Rnssett's RoXbnry s5a5 so;
Russeits golden s4a4 so. Cherries 15a20c per
pound for red.