davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
barrel or a law suit. The money was paid
without word.

The Middlebury Register says that for
ten days past the sheep market in Addison
County has been uncommonly active in con-
sequence of the successful efforts of Messrs.
Severance & Peet to make up a flock pur-
chased from the very best breeders in the
state. 1t is generally conceded that their
selections constitute flock Of thoroughbred
sheep unsurpassed by any ever shipped from
Vermont. The prices of some of the sheep
ran well up into the hundreds. Such flock
in skillful hands will do credit to the breed
ers of our state, and we believe both flock
and masters will be hailed as most valuable
acquisition by all the wool growers Of the
Golden State, whittier they are bound. We
are informed that the rancho purchased by
Severance 4 Peet upon which these sheep
will be placed is located near the Central
Pacific Railroad, and only two hours ride
from San Francisco.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
ST. JOHNSBURY, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER %, 1872.

from time TO time to have the Ameri ca
Dairymen's Association take measures to get
the shipments of butter and cheese in the
other counties of New York, but no system.
attic plan for obtaining this information has
been adopted.
The dairymen of America, as well as the
dealers who handle dairy products, are great
ly in need Of accurate statistics upon which
to base their operations of selling and buy
ing. Prices are largely regulated by the re-
ceipts and shipments at New York city but
these do not always indicate what is being
done in the whole country. 1t is very impor.
tant to the dairymen of the East to know
how dairying is progressing in the Northwest
and in Canada and it certainly is Of equal
important TO our Western and Northwestern
friends to have u knowledge Of their own
progress, together with the condition Of the
business at the East.
We feel greatly the need Of accurate sta.
tistics from year to year, and we are sure Mr..
Morrow is not insensiblc to their Importance
for the dairy interest of the Northwest. In
our suggestions respecting the collection Of
statistics we do not pretend to give the best
plan, but only that which has occurred to us
as feasible. We hope the excellent Secreta-
ry of the Northwestern Association will ma
ture better plan than we have named, and
whatever he may do in the way of making
the statistics Of the dairy more complete,
will be very fully appreciated by us and by
many others at the East who have the best
interests Of the dairy at heart. The West.
ern Farmer is doing good service to dairy
men in calling attention to this subject and
we hope that every factoryman who may
read this article will send statistics Of his
factory operations to the Secretary of his
State Dairymen's AssociatiOn.-X. A. WILL
LARD. in Rural Ne,o Yorker
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
LEARNING UNNECESSARY.

A man may have all that pertains to the
two great arts, " to get, to keep" without
going much into any sciences. He may, by
careful observation, by conversing with sue
cessful money makers, and by reading the
experience of those who have accumulated
handsome fortunes by cultivating land, learn
the art of gathering and boarding. 1t is not
even absolutely necessary that he read agri-
cultural papers. We know farmer, now
seventy years old, who has the best farm in
his neighborhood and who raises the best
crops, who never took an agricultural paper.
1t has, however, required an experience of
forty years to make him first rate farmer
He has observed closely, worked hard, and
learned all he could from his neighbors. He
has made two or three good farms and many
thousand dollars in stocks, by his long life Of
management and industry. But he could
have done much better if he had read little
more, and not depended so much on his own
hard-earned experience. For another farmer
in another place, with less than half his ex-
perience, who constantly reads and applies
what he learns cautiously in practice, is a
better farmer already, and makes more mon
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Notes and Queries.
Corn Growing like Wheat.

I'll find great many ears Of corn in
my field this year growing on the end of the
stalks, generally without any husks. l
gathered over bushel Of such ears on half
an acre. | don't know that ever noticed
it before. q. j. X.
Stanstead, p. O., NOr. g."
Chambers CyClOpedia, large work, pub
lished in Scotland and republished in this
country, contains, as an illustration, under
the head of "MAIzE," cut protesting to
represent the plant, in which the ear is seen
growing upon the end of the stalk in the
manner Of wheat, rye and barley, though
without the glumes or chaff that cover the
individual kernels in those grains. We sup
posed, when we first saw this, some ten years
ago, that it was entirely fancy sketch
which the Scotch craftsman, not having a
stalk of corn to draw from, had evolved
from the depths Of his own Imagination.
but we may have done him injustice. In a
wet season like the present many such ears
are produced usually upon suckers, though
not unfrequently upon the main stalks, and
perhaps the plant when grown in the damp
atmosphere of Britain, where it rarely
comes to perfection, may sport in this way
even more readily. 1t is certainly fact
that the male flowers of the spindle may be
replaced by female flowers, and bear corn.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
LIVE AND DEAD WEIGHT OF
ANIMALS.

The amount of meat obtained from do
nestle animal sold by its live weight is very
variable, and experiments have recently been
made in Liverpool to ascertain the proper
allowances TO be made. From the statistics
to be derived from the public slaughter
houses, or abattoirs, of Paris and Brussels, it
appears that the race and the condition of
the animal, besides many other Circumstance
es, affect the result, aud that certain animals
yield as much as 70 per cent. of meat, while
others only give 90 per cent, The mean
weight of meat produced, however, is calcu.
lated at 5S per cent. Of the live weight in
beef cattle. In the case of sheep, the pro-
portion is from 40 to so per cent From
experiments made, it appears that the diff.
ferent products obtained from oxen and sheep
are as follows: An OK of the live weight of
1922 pounds yields, meat, 77l.4 pounds ;
skin, ll0,2; grease, SS; blood, $751; feet
and hoofs, %; bead, III tongue, 6.6O :
lungs and heart, 1888; liver and spleen,
20.05 intestines, 66.l5 loss and evapora.
ton, l54.322-making the total of 1922
pounds The products from sheep weigh.
ing llO.2 pounds are as follows Meat, 55. i
pounds skin, liza; grease, 5,5li blood,
4.4OS; feet and hOOis, 2,204 head, 4.40s ;
tongue, lungs, heart, liver and spleen,
4.4OS intestines, 6.6l2i loss and evapora-
tion, l9.Sa6-making the total of llO.2
pounds.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Rates of Advertising.
For the VERMONT FARMER.
HANDY THE STEERS.

q, 49,. 49,. -, A., .,.-.
i'''r.' r,t s,ie 80, w, .Os,.,ia 49,
To yoke them up and drive thom about,
And learn them what to do.
IT'S sport to sec their awkward gait
First this and then that way they 60,
And then, with a spring, steers, boys and all
Plunge headlong into the snow.
~. A.. 49,. ho,,. ho,d,, ,ho .,oors,
,,,,,, ,,,., IN, 80, ,,il ioarn
- "l'u N'li-nS aIa,t .,,S 'S' ,rorI ori,s volI
40 mu'e "'ouT " " 49, "'
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Plum Jelly.

Take as many pums as you have and
pour sufficient boiling water over them to
cover them. Pour off the water Immediately,
draining them. Put your plums in pre-
serving kettle with boiling water enough to
cover them again, and then boil till tho
plums begin to open, and some juice is ex-
tracted. Then pour off the liquid and strain
it, and add to each pound fjuice one pound of
white sugar return to the kettle and boil it
from twenty minutes to half an hour as it
may require, and you will have most deli
oious jelly. The plums may be used for pies
or sauce.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
General Agritulture.

"Agricoa" writes in the New York
Times, showing how New England commits.
sion merchants take advantage of farmers,
A farmer asked him to recommend a COM
mission house to which to send some choice
apples. Ono was named, the apples were
forwarded, and Agricola was directed to call
and receive the pay. When he called, the
" deacon " gave him bill of sale at S4 per
barrel, less the freight and D per cent. COM
mission. At this he expressed surprise as
he wished to buy some of the apples for his
own u.s.. To this the deacon replied, A" Call
tomorrow, and we will let you have all you
want"
"Why, how is this2 Here is the bill of
sale !"
In answer, it was admitted that the apples
had not been received, but the bill was made
out at the wholesale price at the cars.
"Now, do tell" said AgricOla, e if this is
the way fruit is sold in New York 2"
With hearty laugh, the deacon replied,
"Oh, those fellows away off in the country
don't know anything about the expenses of
living in New York, and it really wouldn't
do to let them look into all our operations,
If they get q fair price Cor their products,
they ought to be satisfied with it,"
On calling the next day, the clerk charged
$3.50 per barrel for the same apples, but the
deacon said he could have them for SO, as
he brought them the customer. So the
merchant made So per barrel on fruit, which
was sold only once, and brought the produ.
Ger only $3.50; while the merchant had re-
ceived his regular commission, charged in the
first bill, besides.
Another instance was gardener who con-
signed squashes, receiving only $3.50 per
barrel. Being dissatisfied, he employed an
agent to sec how he could buy the same
sauashes Of the commission merchant, and
they were inAexibly held at SO per barrel
While this agent was present, the lot was
actually sold and paid for at SO per barrel
The next day the original owner of the
squashes presented his bill Of sale, told what
his agent had seen, and gave the merchant
the choice of paying the other $3.50 per
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
-e-$N
RECIPES.


Cider is the only real article to use for
vinegar, and there is but one sure way of
making cider into good vinegar quick. That
is by starting with good vinegar.
Get ten gallons of good vinegar, and put
one gallon of good cider into it every week
until the cask is full, then draw off a gallon
of the vinegar each time before putting in
the cider. In this way vinegar is made rap
idly and surely, and with no possibility of
loss; for the strong vinegar acts on the fresh
cider at once. Besides, one knows that there
is nothing unwholesome used in the process,
and good pure vinegar will be on hand ready
for use all the time.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Apples In Imitation of Ginger.

10 three pounds of very hard apples, take
two pounds of loaf sugar, and quarter of a
pound of best white ginger. Put these in
layers (having first sliced the apples in eight
pieces and cored them) alternately in wide
mouthed jar. Next day infuse an ounce Of
white ginger, well bruised, in about pint of
boiling water; let it stand till next day.
Then put the apples, that have been two
days in the ginger into preserving kettle,
and turn over them the water from the
bruised ginger, Simmer slowly until the
apples look clear, Take great care not 70
break the pieces, If closely covered, over a
slow fire, half an hour will cook them enough
without needing to stir them. Put into jars,
and cover tightly while boiling hot. Let the
bits Of ginger remain in the syrup until it is
served,
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Correspondence.
THE CREAM OF AYRSHIRE MILK.
. DOES 1T RISE SLOWLY

l have just noticed the query Of Nv.
A. c." in the FARMER for Nov. l, in relation
to the time it takes for the cream to rise on
the milk of Ayrshire COWS. | do not remem-
bor of before hearing that it took longer for
this with Ayrshires, than with any other
breed Of cows, and am inclined to think that
the breeder referred to took this method to
advertise the superior richness Of the milk
produced by his cows, or that there was some
defect in his arrangements for setting the
same, preventing the cream rising in proper
length OF time. But allowing this to be the
case, which think, however, is very doubt
ful, do not see how it will help the mat
ter to mix this milk with that Of any other
cows, from which the cream will rise more
quickly;-should prefer keeping it entirely
separate, and let It take its own time for
coming to the surface, assisted by proper
temperature of the room. will investigate
the matter more fully when opportunity oc-
ours, and if anything worthy Of mention is
elected, will communicate the same for the
benefit Of" w. A. c." and others.
Il. r. TowLE.
West Berkshire, NOr. II.
[Mr. Towle's remarks on the note of w.
A. c." call our attention to a typographical
error in it, which las is usual in such cases.
exactly reverses the sense. "W. A. O."
really said that Ayrshire milk ought not
to be mixed with other and quicker rising
milk."-ED. VT. FARMER.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
FlavOring with Lem on,

One of the best housekeepers We know,
says the Hearth and Home, has told us of her
method of producing lemon favoring. She
never throws lemon skins away after making
lemonade, lemon pie, etc., but always, while
the skins are yet fresh, shaves off the yellow
surface with sharp penknife, taking as little
of the white part as possible. These small
yellow shavings are then sprinkled upon a
warm plate, and as soon as they are dry they
are put into a muslin bag. When required
for use, whatever quantity may be needed at
the time is ground into fine powder, and this
powder makes the best lemon havoring, our
friend says, that she has met with. Orange
peel may be successfully treated precisely in
the same way. This same lady preserves
lemon juice for favOring by mixing it with
sugar without cooking it, until it becomes
thick syrup. 1t is then ready to be put in
bottles and sealed. Orange juice may be
kept for weeks in like manner.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22

Iwonder l what makes papa tell such nice
stories to visitors about his hiding his mas.
ter's rattan when he went to school, and
about his running away from the school
mistress when she was going to whip him,
and then shut me up all day in a dark room
because tried, just once, to be Os smart as
he had been2
Wonder what made papa say that wicked
word when Botsey upset the ink all over his
paper, and then slapped my ears when 1
said the same thing when my kite string
broke2
Wonder why mamma told Bridget, the
other day, to say she was not at home when
Tommy Days mother called, and then puts
me to bed without my supper every time 1
tell lie2
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
MOlasses Candy.

This is the season of the evening socials,
and " candy pulling is often the element of
the happy entertainment An exchange
suggests the following mode of making the
taft" which is decided Improvement on
the old process, that requires from one to
three hours to complete it, For a small
number, say four persons, the following
quantities will answer; for a larger, increase
proportionally; One teacupful of mOlasses,
half a teacuPful of any kind of sugar. a tea
spoonful of vinegar, a piece of butter the
size of half nutmeg Put the whole in a
skillet, on hot fire, and boil exactly ten
minutes, stirring it all of the time, then set
it off to cool. Pull it as soon as 1t is hard
enough. If you want some nice candy to eat,
add teacupful of hickory nut kernels to the
above compound and stir while hot Let it
cool and it is then ready for use.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
PROGRESS OF AGRICULTURE DUR
ING THE LAST DECADE.

Our increase in all the chief articles of
agricultural produce, as shown by the census
report is something enormous.
Wine has increased fourteen.fold since
1850, and nearly doubled in the last decade,
California being its chief producer.
Hops have Increased seven-fold In the same
time, and more than doubled in the last ten
years, New York growing two.thirds of the
whole crop.
Barley has increased six-fod.
Flax six-fold, and faxseed trebled.
Wheat trebled, and oats doubled.
Irish potatoes have only increased one
third, and sweet decreased one.half
Live stock have trebled in value and now
amount to the handsome total of one thou
sand five hundred and twenty,6v millions of
dollars, or an average Of nearly two hundred
dollars for every family in the nation.
Animals slaughtered have nearly quadru-
Piled in value, now amounting to four hum
dred millions of dollars annually.
Wool has increased from sixty to one hun
dred millions of pounds.
Cotton is half a million of bales above
what it was in 1850, and three-6fths of its
amount in 1860.
In only one instance is there decrease of
an important product, and that is in Indian
corn, which falls short of the amount reported
in 1860 by seventy-eight millions of bushels,
or ten per cent of the whole.
In some of the lesser products, however,
the downcome is considerable, Silk 90.
coons are only third of their former amount,
hemp sixth, peas and beans and rice about
third each. Buckwheat has decreased from
seventeen millions of bushels to nine, and
rye from twenty-one millions of bushels to
sixteen.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Keeping Eggs for Winter u.e.

To four gallons of boiling water add halfa
peck of new lime, stirring some little time.
When cold remove any hard Jumps by coarse
sieve; add ten ounces of salt and three ounc-
es Of cream tartar and mix the whole thor
oughly. The mixture is then to stand for
fortnight before using. The eggs are to be
packed as closely as possible, and TO be kept
closely covered up. Thus treated, if put in
when new laid, at nine months they will eat
quite as good as though laid only six days,
though of course not quite like ne,o.laid,-
Illustrated Book of Poultrg.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
THE CHAMPLAlN APPLE--lS 1T
THE PEACH APPLE2

Having grown the Chanplain apple for
the last Is years, will try to give de-
scriptiou of it in accordance with the editors
request, though it may not be very accurate
for the reason that, their season being past,
l have no specimens.
The fruit is large, oblong, Ovate, cOnical
skin very thin-hence the old name, paper
apple" its thin skin resembling tissue paper;
color lghtish green becoming yellow when
fully ripe) with q dull blush on the exposed
cheek. cannot give the length Of stalk !;
cavity rather deep and acute basin small
and shallow, with frequently an irregular
ridge or rim projecting around it. 1t ripens
in the valley about the middle Of Septem-
Der, when il is an excellent cooking apple
When fully mature it is rarely equaled for
the table, being sub.acid, aromatic, with an
excellent vinous flavor, and very mellow.
The tree is an upright grower, usually regu'
lar and conical, and very constant bearer !;
leaves thick and velvety. This apple is al
most, if not exactly, identical with the sam
Piles exhibited by the Derby nursery at the
St. Johnsbury State and our (Franklin)
County Fair, in 1871 under the name of the
Peach APPLE" in regard to which we had
quite controversy at the time; and the
subject was by no means satisfactorily set
tied. With due respect for the enterprising
nurseryman, would like to enquire if those
specimens grew on the same variety that are
sold for Peach apple trees lat 81 each when
two feet high and if so whether we are not
paying 81 while better trees of the same
common variety, (ChamplaiuJ are plenty at
30 to 80 cents each. If so there is an er-
ror that has been extensive, and justice re-
quires an explanation which should be salts
factory. q g. WAIT.
West Georgia, Nor. I.
rive have never heard where Mr.. Bryant
claims TO have got his original Scions Of the
so-called "Peach apple" 1t is an old va
riety, long known in this country under thr
name of early CroftOn," (synOnym, "lrish
Peach.'0 1t is remarkable for its wonder.
full hardness, equal to that Of the S.o,rian
apples. As to the name, MIR Bryant has,
We suppose, the right to offer it under its
synonym, as he also offers tie Duchess Of
OldeDburg, a popular, plentiful and well
known Russian variety, under the local syn
onym of" New Brunswicker." He did not
coin either of those names, and SO far is not
chargable with fraud, but the practical re.
suit (he reader must judge whether it was
an intended result) Of selling them by these
little known names is to enable him to claim
them Os spOcialties and charge extra prices
for them. 1t would really be interesting to
ascertain definitely whether Champlain
Apple and " Paper Apple" are only other
synonyms Of the Early Crofton," alias
"Irish Peach," alias " Bryant's Peach APP
ple."-ED. vi. FARMER.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
CONTENTNIENT.

"If could own that meadow fair,
That spreads so tempting by my door,
I'd crave no other boon than this,
And be content, nor wish for more"
So Farmer Gray laid down his pipe,
And viewed again, with smothered sigh,
The strip Of land that lay beyond
So green, so lovely to his eye.
As time rolled on, he gained the prize,
And then, when years were nearly spent,
He found, as many have before,
Possession does not give content.
And thus through life we always wish
For something Just beyond our grasp,
And then, when we would fain enjoy,
IT'S but q phantom that we clasp.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Fairtar, Nou. A.
Bearded Oats.

-"Last fall, when thrashing my oats,
| found that the grain from one field had
boards growing out Of the backs of the
kernels. The beard was serrate, resembling
that Of barley and wheat, though there was
but one to kernel About two-thirds of
the kernels had this beard. The grain grew
on sandy fat where it was partly covered
with sand aud beaten down by a heavy
storm, when in blossom, aud thought per-
haps this had something to do with 1t. no.
ticed nothing peculiar about the seed, which
was obtained from thrifty farmer in Stan
stead. Can you, or your correspondents, as
sign a cause w. II. w.
BarnSton, p. O., Nor. g."
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
Apple Cream,

Boil twelve apples in water till soft, take
of the peel, and press the pulp through
hair sieve, upon half a pound of pounded su-
gar; whip two eggs, add them to the apples,
and beat all together till it becomes very stiff
and looks quite white. Serve it heaped up
on q dish.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22

When the branching spindle of the main
stalk is thus transformed, we see imperfect
or deformed ears, mostly but on the suck.
ers, where the spindle often does not branch,
very well shaped ears may be found. 1t
is likely that by saving and planting seed
from these ears variety Of corn might in
time be formed like that figured in the Cy-
clopedia, but it is questionable whether such
a variety would be desirable one.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-11-22
MA he kno,y th. D,r,r,ncc

A Vermont farmer carried tub Of but.
ter to market. A buyer tried it and pro-
nounced it to be an inferior article, aud of
fered lie pound for it. Tho farmer, not
willing to take that, carried it home, kept it
a week and took it to market the second
time, and offered it to another buyer. He
offered him l6c. Refusing thus offer he car
ried it to the next town and was offered 22c,
but being determined to get a higher
price he took it home and kept it another
week. BY this time he had another tub
ready for market. He took the two and
carried them to the first buyer and received
22c round for each tub
A READER.
Fairfar. Nor. A."