The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-01-29
FRANKFORT, oN.rHr-MAlN, Dec. Is, 1871.

me Germans, SWedes, husslanA ruSusn anu
Americans have for many years been carrying on
the contest In North Polar exploration, and now
Austria Ia coming In to take snare in the sp0s
honors II any are to be had. Messrs Payer and
weyprecht have aroused the Geographical Society
IN Vienna TO the idea Of lifting out an Austrian
North Polar expedition and DIR. Petermann, Of
Gotha the head OF the previous German expeditions,
has declared his readiness to contribute 5000 thaers
towards the enterprise From this 1t certain thar
the breach between Dr. Petermann and Captain
KOldewey, the leader OF the two national
German expeditions, is still further widened;
and that the learned geographer has chosen
70 support men who believe In and corroborate his
swn proved ideas rather than to continue con-
nectl0n with men OF scientific requirements
hardly fitting them for such expeditions, and who
appear TO have IDEAS Of their own which they want
TO put through, In opposition to all rational geo.
graphical theories. Koldewey who is supported
by Drs Boergen and Copeland, has also submitted
plan to the Bremen Society for North Polar ex-
poration. for enterprise for the year 1872 the
main points Of which have already been made
public.
During the winter or 1928 the Swedes intend
TO make meteorological and other scientific obser-
vations IN Spzbergen; the Russians similar Obscr-
vations IN Nova ZeinDla and Koldewey wishes to
n out an expedition for East Greenland having In
view simultaneous meteorological and scientific Ob-
servations there aud the further exploration OF East
Greenland, where the Germans nave already accom-.
pilshed 80 much. The Germans, indeed, have been
the rst to open up the interior OF Greenland ana,
In the words Of Copeland, 1t would be a pity If the
complete exploration OF this arctic continent were
left to other nations. Says Copeland:-'The ford
voyage Of the Germania has taught us more about
the interior character Of Greenland than all other
previous expeditions, and a steamboat voyage
Of single week In the coast waters can open
mp to us hundreds OF miles OF new coast
lines, and perhaps lead to higher points
than upon the high SEAT Copeland inclines
also TO the idea that Greenland may he found
70 be large system OF islands instead OF CONT
nent. Koldewey estimates the cost OF such an ex-
petition at 25 900 thaers, this providing provisions
for two winters From several sides 1t Is urged that
In the exploration of the Greenland coast the Ger
man marine should give It's aid, and am inclined
TO the view that THIS aid will be more readily af.
forded to Koldewey's plan than to any for the mere
reaching of the POLE 1t Is particularly unfortunate
shat this difference should have arisen between the
German leaders; but a careful study OF the facts
brings us to the conclusion that Petermann Is still
In Inc right, and Ko dewey, too practical sea cap
tain, denOunces Petermann's advanced opinions ~
mere 'tneOry" without good reason.
PAYER AND wEYPRECHTs PRELIMINARY REPORT.
the Two German expeditions sent ont by DR.. Pc
termann, under the command OF Captain Koldewey,
anu al total cost OF 100000 thaers, proved unsuc
cesstul. And yet the small expedition undertaken
by Weyprecht ana Payer IN the past summer, ro.-
lowing the route cut out several years ago by DR..
Petermann. and leading TO the discovery OF the
open Nova Zenlola Sea- proves that the great geog-
rapher's theories are entirely worthy OF notice.
Through the kindness OF DIR. Petermann himself,
who has favored us with advance sheets OF his forth
coming "Geograpnical Communications" we are
s ss TO the results s Of late Expeditions, es
pecially that OF Weyprecht ana Payer, which
the gc0grapner Justly eSlmateS very Mighty. In the
trst NJ upr
port OF the Austrian Expedition Tor the Exploration
Or the Nova lemoia Sea by Weyprecbt and Payer,
presume) says though the attempts made in
recent years to solve the polar problem JAILED, and
taken did not give hopes or ships O the present
construction penetrating farther towards the north,
Dr. Petermann'S thorough survey OF the Observa-
lions on ocean temperature OF the North Atlantic
Ocean anu the bordering territory had lrreutably
S",e s Sretc rom Bear Isana to Nova
Zembla. This immense mass OF warmed water
coming In contact with the Ice, must nata-
such an event would not be without influence upon
the ice even to higher degrees OF latitude. The
coasts Of Nova Zembla could not possibly be the end
result OF the extensive warm water basin between
Bear Island, the continent and Nova ZemDa. Ac.
c0rdlng " our view 1t must make its way between
the aler land aud Hope Island INTO the nearl Of the
DR. PETERMANN's VIEWS.
The result OF this expedition is already well
known, the chief OF wnicn was the discovery OF The
open Nova ZemDa sea, In winch. on east longitude
~ deg. 30 MIN, they reached height Of Is deg as
min northern latitude, and they could have pene.
permitted. ihis sea, says the preiimi.
to our the Key
20 the north OF Siberia. and upon this way going
moth 1t IL probable That results OF great Importance
suits OF this Experimentation and Weyprecht
have discovered an extensive, perfectly open ana
very place where woaid-Do authorizes MAD assumed
q sea filled with the densest Ice. The discovery OF
navgabie sea IN the Polar regions Is The greatest
such territory, since thereby all OF her discoveries
and explorations are essentially-nay.. nearly ex-
discoveries aud explorations hitherto made IN the
North and South Polar regions nave been
made BY ship, and In our own times we have to
thank navigation alone for the exploration OF the
Kaiser Franz Josef FjOrd by the second German
expedition the exploration la East Spitzbergen by
Zeil and HengIn, and the voyage In ana opening MP
OF the Kara sea ny the Norwegian captains. Arctic
Journeys Dy sea ARE IN fn 70 Aec sea
the old messenger women in the country to the
PAYER AND wEYPRECHr PROPOSE,
in their preliminary report the sending out-funds
Of course, IortDc0inng--an expedition, Or, really
three separate expedtl0nS-tne nrst Tor the eXpiOr
atOn OF Gillis Land, ana from there northeast;
second, as Inc true Polar expedition Tor reaching
second degrce Of Longitude; and and finally var an
expedition from Nova Zembla towards the east, In
dtions must Ue provided with steam ana win pro.
VISIONS for The WATER Inc latter necessary since
the most favorable condt0nstn the Nova Zembla sea
appear SO late and must be taken advantage or
with the greatest energy. DR.. Petcrmann remarks
further that the Norwegian captain Tobesen not
only explored the same sea month earlier than
Weyprecht and Payer, and found 1t navigape, but
another Norwegian captain MACK provided with
good instruments, navIgated that open twenty
one degrees further eastward than the sixtetR de-
gree OF east Longitude, reached by the Austrians
After noticing
CARLsENS DISCOVERY
of the remains OF Barents winter quarters, on the
northeaster end Of Nova Zempla, and captain
Nova Zembla Cape Bismarck he refers to the latter
navigator's discovery or an important group OF
islands In the great bay or the northeast part Of
Nova Zembla. These The Norwegian captain named
the Chestnut Islands tkastanien Insea,, after the
there, and .,says DR.. P.j (Which constitute new,
rrelutabe proof for the views have urged so long
that the waters OF the Gulf Stream-the true FlOt-
ida stream-reacnes as far as those nign ATTITUDES
OF the Polar Sea. Taxing tie open and naYlgabe