davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
~, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER "a. 1872.

that the manufacturers reap only slight
advantage from their combin ltion is also
equally certain and in view Of this, We can
not refrain from an expression Of our sur
prise that they maintain il year after year
They make an uncertain market, aud cstab-
lish low range Of prices, without the capi-
tai to absorb all the offerings. They buy a
portion Of their wool at less than it is worth,
and at the same range Of prices the bulk of
the clip finds its way into the hands of wool
peculators, who, later in the season, combine
with each other, advance prices, and compel
the manufacturers to pay for the remainder
Of their supplies more than they are really
worth. So that, what they gain in the early
part of the season BY robbing the wool grow
er Of portion Of the fair price of his prod
uct, they lose in the latter part of the seuson,
when they themselves fall into the hands Of
wool speculators.
If they were content to pursue iairer
course, aud willing to pay at all times the
fair and legitimate price which wool should
bear in the markets, as determined by
the relation, as far as can be.known, Of the
supplies TO the demand, they would find il
much more to their interest. The wool grow
er then, always having market controlled
alone by legitimate influences open to him,
would be relieved Of much of the uncertainty
which now attends his operations, his busi-
ness would be put upon a more healthy aud
legitimate basis, and the production of wool
would receive such a stimulus and encour.
agement as would always secure to the home
on abundance of supplies, and
relieve them forever from the domination of
the spectators in this great staple. But as
long as manufacturers combine their energies
to cut the throats and deplete the pockets of
wool growers, it is idle for them to ring per-
petual changes upon the deficiency of the home
supply, with the idea that they can enoour-
age and stimulate the domestic production.
The manufacturers have it in their power to
control this matter, to put an end to the wide
iuctuatiOn in prices which marks the wool
market, and makes the production of wool
'ne Of the most certain and valuable branches
'f industry in which our people can engage.
And when they do this, they will see such an
Increase 10 supplies as will place their busi-
hess upon satisfactory basis, also. Fair
play is Jewell" and we commend it, in all
sincerity, to the voolen manufacturers of the
,ountry.-NatiOnal Stock Journal.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27

only this difference, that the COW returns with
the milk she yields considerable quantity Of
the fat she finds in her food. There conse-
quently exists an Obvious relation between
the formation Of milk, aud fattening."
Allowing these deductions to be true, this
accounts for the results claimed by l.. W..
Miller and others tJune number LrvE-SrooK
Journal, page 247), as to the value Of SOW.
ed corn as compared with corn meal. Near.
ly all the dairymen at that meeting agreed
with Miller, that corn-meal is the best Access
sible food to increase the quantity of butter
One dairyman said that the meal he fed his
cows in the summer brought him $500 per
bushol, when ho sold butter at 30 cents.
The practice and experience Of our butter
makers singularly comedies with the state
ments Of Boussingault as TO the comparative
butter-producing value Of different kinds Of
food for milch cows The experiments Of
Boussingault show but little butter produc-
ing value in roots of any kind, and farther,
that In no case does the fatty matters in the
milk and other excretions equal that in the
food eaten, but that certain portion is used
in keeping up the animal heat. He also
shows that there is the most complete analo-
gy between the production of milk and the
fattening of animals; and, lastly, that "fat
food"--fOod which will afford fat in the di-
gestive canal--"appoars to be the indispen.
sable condition Of iattening" Tor ofproducing
butter).
We find then that the peculiar fatteniDg
grain crop of America--corn-.is the almost
necessary adjunct to hay or grass in the pro-
duction of butter, and as, as in the case Of
the Chautauqga dairymeu, it will pay dou-
bic its cost in its transformation into butter,
our butter-makers, east and west, should not
hesitate to feed literally Of corn-meal, being
certain of liberal return for the money ex-
pressed by successful dairyman: "Your
COW is mill, and the richer the grain put in
to the hopper, the richer will be the grist
ready FOR market. Cor. MAJ. Stock Jour.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
FERNS FOR BASKETS.

The following maiden hair ferns are mem
toned as excellent plants for hanging or stan
dard baskets: Adiaatum cdmdat,tm, A. as :
simiie, and A. Farleyense. The best kinds
of Ddrdllias for baskets are bullata, diSsecta,
and pea'apiylla. Nephrotepis edaltdta
and pectinata both look we'll when suspended,
but are not SO good for basket as N. tube
rosa. Piatylo0la feruosum, DOOdia lunula-
ia, Asplenium Ra6eLlifolium, Pteris sca5er-
ula all the species of Drynaria and Ny
phoJolus are excellent basket ferns.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
Correspondence.
For the VERMONT FARMER
ST. LOUIS TO MEMPHIS.
Down the nIissi.sIppI.

Do"h the hiHstHsipPis
A trip on this river is pleasure not oft
en- coming in the way of an eastern man we
are in such hurry that we cannot accom-
modate ourselves to the slow travel of even
the fastest steamboat. But one should never
Lave the West without testing the realities
s,,J The novelties of boating on the Missis-
sippi. OF course the excitement and danger
and thrilling adventures Of "life on the mud
dy wave," do not often come to the ordinary
traveller but with eyes and ears open, he
sees strange sights and hears stranger sounds.
The dim visions of youth are about to as
sumo tangible form--for Fate Tor, better, in
clination), sends US down the river. We 90
down to the levee and secure passage on the
fine steamer Of the Anchor Line-City of
Chester. Here is an instance of comparative
ignorance resulting from comparative teach
ing living in New England we had studied
the most thoroughly. New England maps and
naturally made them standard of measure
ment. BY this rule we thought Memphis
might be 100 miles down river, or about "a
hours by steamer; imagine if you can our
surprise when we were told that the distance
was 447 intestine two days and three
nights. Well the West does take up about
"all Of out doors" 1t is certainly a country
of magnificent distances.
We were to s..at at P. NJ, but tons Of
freight had to b. loaded after that hour; in
deed we began to think that we should never
get off, for these boats take on freight just
as long as it is brought forward. In the
meantime we look about; up and down the
river the levee is lined with steamers; we
counted over thirty pairs ofhuge smokestacks
Our boat is one Of the best Of the line, being
800 feet long, so wide, and about 90 deep
On the upper deck the staterooms are ar
ranged around the long dinng-room aud par
lors opening the door out on deck and the
one to the hall, and we have breeze which
gives such comfort to US, reclining on our
DeTIn, us VIC beluOh hdfo iouhu SlsoWhcTS'
Above the upper deck is the "Texas," where
the quarters of the officers and deck servants
are above the Texas" is the pilot house,
commanding the widest range of vision to be
obtained on the boat From the upper deck
rises the two smokestaeks about 6 feet in di-
ameter, 40 feet high these are stayed by ma
ny cables; between these and high up is sup
ported the emblem Of the line-R gilded
anchor-1hich contrasts finely with the
black polished smokestacks. These steamers
though not furnished as elegantly as the coast
Ing steamers Of the Atlantic, are yet ,nagni6-
cent in adOruments. A ane piano in the par
lor end Of the long hall invites to shorten the
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
DRYING FLOWERS IN SAND.

There are many of our brilliant-colorcd
flowers, such as dahlias, pan1ies, pinks, gera-
NUNS, sweet-Williams, carnations, gladioli,
etc, which may be preserved so as to retain
their colors and look well for years. White
flowers will not answer we'll for this purpose,
nor any very succulent plants, as hyacinths
or caetuses Take half.shallow dishes, of
sufficient depth TO allow of covering the plants
an inch deep with sand. Get the common
white sand, such as is used for securing pur-
poses, cover the bottom of the dish itself with
a layer of sand about half an inch deep, and
then lay in tho flowers with their stems
downward holding them firmly in place while
you sprinkle more sand over them, until the
interstices between the petals are completely
filed and the flower buried out of sight. A
broad dish will accommodate quite number,
allowing sufficient sand between. Set the
dish in dry, warm place where they will
dry gradually, and at the end of a week
pour of the sand and examine them. If
there is any moisture in the sand, it must be
dried before using again, or fresh sand may
be poured over them in the same manner as
before. Some flowers require weeks to dry
perfectly, while others will become sufficient
ly so to put away in week or ten days.
BY this simple process flowers, ferns, ETC.,
are preserved in their proper shape, as we'll
as their natural colors. which is far better
than to press them in books. When arrang-
ed in groups, and mounted on a card or in
little straw baskets, they may be placed in
deep frames under glass.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
PEN-SPATTERs.

Inn-debtedness-Ah hotel bill.
A sound judge-A musical critic.
The toper's favorite bird-Swallows.
Weight for the wagon" fat lady.
A cowardly assault-To beat a retreat.
One of the "voices of the night"-S'cat.
Murder Gu the high C.'s-some vocal of-
forts in our churches.
"Daugh show" is the atst name
for a fashionable party.
The doctors work fills six feet of the
ground, but the dentists fills an acher. "a
Cattle are dumb beasts, but by gathering
themselves together they can make them.
selves herd~
Barmaid-"We never serve anybody who's
had sufficient; you've taken too much al
ready" Thirsty ustomer-"You'll 'xhscus
me, maram l may've had too mush (hic), bu'
l 'avent 'ad enough ~
Exortion made in weariness, because 9TH
ers are weary also kindness shown in ILL
ness, because others are alike suffering self.
restraints, which hide our grieis in the pres
ence of greater these are the efforts by
which, at length, we may teach ourselves
thorough self-forgetiulness.
Lawyer-"How do you identify this hand
kerchief?" Witness-"By its general ap-
pearance, and the fact that possess others
like it," Lawyer-"That's no proof, for L
have one just like it in my pocket Wit
ness-"l don't doubt that. | had more than
one of the same sort stolen"
God is never IN hurry. 1t comes of our
unbelief in him that we are so apt to be in
hurry. He that believeth should not make
haste. If we look at the history Of the ma
terial world, or the social world nothing is
clearer than that God never was IN hurry,
and that he can afford to wait
How is your wife to day" said friend
to French gentleman. "Ob, moche de
same" said be, "she is no better and l um
'fraid very little wus. If she is going to die
| wish she would do it soon. | feel so un-
happy,--my mind is so moche unsettled
"Ven she die IIshall not be so much dissatis-
fed.
A New Orleans mother was recently
questioning her little girl in geography as
follows oFWho went first through the straits
of Magellan ?" Daisy quickly answered,
q Magellan with his squadron What do
you understand by his squadron, Daisy ?"
The question was not in the book, but Daisy
was ready for the emergency "Oh, l
know it's one of those women that amt
quite white"
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
Gbe 9airg.
FEEDING FOR BUTTER.

Some of our agricultural papers aud dali
rymen's associations have been, and are, dis
cussing the question Of food for milch COWS,
aud in order to add to the facts already ad.
duced, | will transcribe the result OF few
experiments made by BOussingault aud 9TH
ers, which have direct bearing on this sub.
ject.
Messrs Magendie, Sandras aud Bouch-
ardat have shown that the "fatty principles
of our food, infinitely subdivided, or made in
to an emulsion by the act of digestion, pass
without essential change into the blood, where
they are held at the disposal of the animal
economy" Boussingauft claims that "fatty
substances are only produced in vegetables,
and that thOy pass, ready formed, into the
bodies of animals to undergo combustion inn
mediately, 50 as to evolve the necessary ami
NAL heat, or are stored up for future use. y
Dumas, Payen and BOussingault, after a
long series of experiments, gave a table OF
percentage of fatty matters in the different
articles used as food for stock. Oil cake
and corn have about o per cent. bran and
oats to B l.2 per cent. hay IL to A;
wheat -four, peas, lentils, beans, straw, etc. =,
about 2 per cent, and roots to l.2 per
cent BY a long series of experiments made
by BOussingault ('Rural Economy" PIP. 422.
23. o. Judd, 1869, he shows cOplusive.
ly that "the COW extracts from her food al.
most the whole of the fatty matter it con-
tains; and she converts this matter into but
ter" On page 425 he says; "The fatting
OK fixes a certain proportion Of these princi
Piles in the same way as the COW, There il
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
THE TEToFSN APPLE.

A. &. Tuttle, Baraboo, Wis, writes the
Wester" Farmer that this apple proves to
be earlier than the Red Astrachan, as most
of the crop was past season Aug. 8. He
thinks the tree valuable "for its extreme
hardness, early bearing, early ripening,
great beauty aud fair quality of its fruit,
compared with other. early varieties. 1t is
valuable in new country, as it
gives return Of fruit as soon after planting
as the currant and most Of the small fruits"
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
soALDINe INSECTS ON PLANTS.

Some one says that hot water is the best
thing to kill insects on house plants, and that
1909 Of heat will kill dphides and all other
shrub.iniesting insects without injury to the
plants. BY inverting the pot and holding the
earth from falling out with both hands under it
the whole top of the plant may be dipped in
to water heated to 1909 Far, and every
insect will quickly perish. We have not
tried it, but give it for what it may be worth
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
Surtitulture.
THE "oHAMPLAIN APPLE"

They have an early apple in Franklin
County called locally, the "paper apple" on
account Of its thin skin, but named by the
ChamplGin Valley Pathological Society the
Champlain apple. We see 1t spoken high
ly ofby the editor of the st. Albans Messea-
ger, and would be glad if some of our corre-
Spondents would give US detailed descrip.
tion of the variety.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
Rates of Advertising.

short advertisements 70 cents per inch for first nscr
ton Each subsequent Insertion % cents per inch No
charge less than sl.oo.
Fayorable rates for extensive and yearly advertisers
may be had upon application 70 the publishers.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
PUBLIsHED WEEKLY,
.qT ST. JOHvSBURY, VT,
CUMMINGS q H0SKlNS.

Ternns.--One copy per annum, ........... .s2.5O
~ pad sulcty In advance. e,...'................2.Oo
For Special terms to Clubs see second page
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
"ROostnboutn.n y

"ROostaboutn,"
or "Roosters," as they are called. These are
the deck hands, and are about forty in mum. Z.
ber, negroes, so clad that it would be diff.
cult to tell where nudity left of and covering
began. They are called "roostabouts" from
the fact that they have no berths, but sleep
as opportunity offers, curled up on sacks of
corn, or bale Of cotton, or hen-coop, If
that happens to be nearest. They get about
forty dollars per month, but most of it is
gambled away on the eve of payday. The
throwing Of dice is their favorite method of
gambling. When the ''roostabouts" eat, the
scene is equal to the feeding of the animals
in menagerie, only it would puzzle chem
ist to find out the ingredients of some of their
food. A pan into which one group were dip
ping bread with apparent relish, evidently
contained the remnants OF the dinner plates
from the dining saloon; surely nothing of
the edible kind was wasted oa this boat The
food of the state-room passen Lers was excel
lent. The cooking department seemed to be
superintended by colored steward of 275 or
800 lbs. avoirdupois, whose ideas we're decid-
edly epicurean. In no hotel had we ever sat
down to better prepared tables. If one does
not become "naturalzed" TO the whiskey n-
stitutions of the country, he had better drink
at his meals iced tea. BY the way it gives
one some idea how well the bar of the boat
is patronized, when We were told that the
profits Of the bar alone OF our line "since the
war" had built the best boat of the line.
But we are not getting down the river
very fast, unless the reader will consider it
Monday night, and as it is night we pass ST.
Genevieve, where is established one of the
most aourishing communist families in the
world, mot the Paris Commune" y aud when
the morning dawns we are at Grand Tower.
ALLUvIUM.
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27
lingering hours in merry song and dance.

lingering hours in merry song and dance.
Near the bows and lashed upright to tho
upper decks were two long spars these are
used in case Of running aground-here are
also two strong walks or platforms, 40
feet long, which are worked by "tackle.
blocks" used in landing On the lower deck
are placed the engines and furnaces (six Of
them); also coal bins cattle-pens and horse
stalls; large amount Of merchandise is al
SO slowed away here this is the place also
where deck passengers have berths.
1t is almost incredible, TO see how much
"the hold" Of one Of these boats will contain.
There is almost no end to the amount Of
freight steamer will take on, for seldom
one reaches the amount Of its utmost capac-
ity. We found II quite interesting to watch
the loading; first there seemed to be "coals
to Newcastle" for the carrying Of corn, hay,
and pork to Southern market was another
contradiction offirst geography lessons corr
is carried in sacks, each containing few
pounds over two bushels. Most Of the flour
and all the merchandise in casks is put into
the hold. 1t is carried down on ga slide"
"The hands" get quite merry sometimes in
loading; a negro at the hold shouts in a
singing tone as he sends down cask, to the
hand below: "'Way down belOw-Ow," and
the answer is sent up in the same drawling,
sepulchral tone, "Come down below.ow !"
this is drawn out to indefinite length, or till
another barrel is sent down.
just as the sun goes down behind the tow
ers and spires Of "thc future great city, the
bell strikes, the huge engines breathe, the
boat quivers and we are started. We steam
by ferry-boats and tow-boats, fat-boats and
mud-scows; down by brick.yards and lime
kilns, past the French part of the city, by
stone quarries; along by the railroad lead
ing to Pilot Knob, mountain of iron Twi-
light comes, but goes as quickly as it comes,
for on the prairies aud in low-land countries
twilights are unknown, or not worth the
name, SO soon does darkness succeed the day
light.
Seeing a man at leisure on the deck we 60
down in order to have little talk, but when
he informs US that she can always tell
Yankee by the number of questions he asks,
and that they are always asking such id
foolish questions" we are little shy and
guard ourselves lest we verify his opinions.
Leaving our stoical friend, whom we lid
not dare to approach again, We look among
the
Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-27

A. X. Ellsworth, of Fletcher, shows four
animals-one bull fve-years-Old, one COW,
two.year-old heifer, and calf, Herd Book
animals. This stock is from the celebrated
breeder of Ayrshires VIM. s. Birnie, Of
Springfield, Mass. They are good milking
stock, the COW making two pounds OF butter
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1872-07-30

,,,v q comnromise. that suited him, should be
thought disadvantageous to ms chents 4.
In 1850. when the Kansas invasion and the
fatal discussion in the Democratic party gave
the Republicans their great. opportunity, he
wanted to nominate Edward Bates, for the
Presidency and to strike outof the Republican
platform as verbal superiority the plank
pleading hostility to slavery in the territories,
the very rdiSon Getre of the party. Before the
fighting began, he wanted to be quits with the
Gulf States and let them go. And when the
war was half over he got weary, and thinking
the war was between the rebels on one side and
himself on the other, he wanted to buy Jen
Davis off. When peace came with an aDsoiute
surrender of the exhausted rebels, and when IL
would have been such a salutary spectacle Tor
all time to have hung score of leaders instead
of hanging those poor tools that perisned WIFI
Mrs Snratt, Mr.. Greeley ran around the South
half frantic lest some great traitor should DE
punished or should suffer too long or too lg-
nomiEious imprisonment. .
MIR. Greeley, is so easily imposed npon that,
with all the professions of his supporters, it
seems to me the country will prefer to trust the
inexperience and if you please "nepotism' OF
General Grant to fill the offices with reasonably
competent and honest men rather than the
CLIQUE of cunning men who captured the Gin
cinnati convention, and who can do anything
with Mr. Greeley by fattering his vanity and
niinistering to his passion to be great pacifca-
tor and compromised. I'D Dry -'-7 e+ii- =.
If L believed Greeley capable of such a
mastery policy, I might believe that, observing
the call for the Cincinnati convention, and be-
lieving it desired to establish a party, that
would overthrow the protective system, and
raise the national revenue by duties upon arti.
cles not manufactured in this country, he conceiv.
ed the purpose of diverting it from its object by
joining his fortunes to it, and making himself
the master of it. -.r--.. e. -.,4 .1,tl'.t
If the Democrats nominate him, as ere thi:
they may have done, it only shows how con-
WINGED the sagaciods Democrats are, that the
thing they are to do is to commit telo de Sc, to
put their political organization as such to
death. Their blindness in not nominating Chase
in the strength of his inteecth loyalty and his
radicalism, seems to have been punished by
their compulsion to nominate, of all men, Gree.
ley or do worse. -' N'- "