The New York herald., 1872-11-28

an oath to support and defend henceforth
the constitution of the United States. lie ex-
presses the belief that the disorders which have
marked the history OF some OF the States formerly
IN rebellion have virtually disappeared, and that
the quiet enjoyment OF political rights is assured
TO the people everywhere.
The election laws are mentioned "a having been
fully tested and proved ecacious in the late cleo
ti0ns, and allusl0n made to the vindcation OF re-
publican institutions In the peaceful end at the ballot
box, OF an energetic political campaign extending
over several months. The miscellaneous topics OF
the Message embrace reference to the Boston
fire; the Presidents well-kn0wn views OF civil SER
vice reform; recommendations for an increase OF
the salaries OF various government onicers; for
the passage OF the bill creating labor commission
for the protection OF immigrants anOat and while
on the way to their destination by national au-
th0rity; for strcter legislation to the safety
OF passengers and crews in seag0ing steamers and
for government aid to the approaching centennial
exhibition at Philadelphia.
The Rehabilitation OF American Ocean
COmmerce-Pians and Recon- mcnda-
tions OF the sccretarics-Mr. Robcson's
Scheme.
There were three sets Of recommendations made
last session, from the Secretaries Of the Treasury
and Navy and the Postmaster General, relative to
TO the rehabilitation Of American ocean commerce
and carrying trade, all OF which, in perhaps
slightly nodded forms, win be renewed in their
forthcoming reports. The Postmaster General
concerns himself with the mail facilities, and
proposes to give such payments for ocean service
as will stimulate the use or American capital In
that direction. He ia understood to have always
been favorable to the allowing OF lines like the
Williams h GuiOn and White Star (said to be
largely owned by Amerlcans) to obtain American
registers and sail under the nag there
after. The increased subsidy to the Pa
cinc mail was endorsed by Mr.. Creswcll, and
II Is understood he will recommend an increase
for the Brazil line, and suggests that one to
Mexico, to Australia and one at least to Europe
should be subsidized so as to make successful be-
ginning. The Secretary OF the Treasury, to whose
plan in the main the President leans, would es.
tablish Commissioners OF Navigation and Com.
merce, composed OF the Secretary OF the Treasury,
secretaries OF War and Navy and Postmaster Gen.
eral, to make regulations and keep q supervision
over maritime interests. BY the proposition of
Mr.. Boutwell,, now pending before the House in a
somewhat modified form, general system OF
graduated bOunties designed to encourage the con-
structjOn and employment OF American ships, es.
pecially OF iron material, was proposed,
to be divided over q stated period, so that
the bounty for a 3,000-tOn iron steamer,
regularly employed for five years, would be
$40 per ton, the total being the difference
between the cost OF such q ship the
Clyde and on the Delaware. Vessels of other
classes would get less until the lowest amount
would be So per ton. 1t was proposed to
raise this bounty from special fund, which
would cause the same to be no real
loss to the Treasury. Secretary R0besons plan
was largely the result of the views presented by
John Roach; Mr.. Thompson, OF Chester, and
tbaro int tad. in bt,tCv fhap,u jyn
ernment expense, who claim that the admission OF
free ships will not aid our carrying trade, and that
mere mail subsidies would not set or maintain an
ocean steam marine afoat against the great
capital and other interests involved in the
European lines. Mr.. Robson proposes, IN
reality, to make OF his proposed postal steam
marine the basis OF the new navy he wishes to
creatc-swift cruisers Tor the high seas, heavy
guns on noating armored batteries and the tor
pedO system for coast and harbor defence. The
cruisers, Mr.. Robson argues, can be used under
proper regulation as mail steamers, and to that
end private capital can be encouraged TO invest in
this direction, by material aid, which can he with
drawn from the navy estimates proper. In other
words the'' be spent in aiding the con-
structon OF swift iron steamers, to be
used for postal purposes in time or
peace and cruisers in time OF war, q certain
proportion OF the navy appropriations. The
vessels are to be built by private parties, under
such plans as the department may determine to
render them available for its purposes. This is
Mr.. Robeson's method OF obtaining the needlul,
and he also outlined q system Of mail steamship
service, which includes thirteen principal line and
six branch r0utes-6ve between Atlantic and Eu-
ropean ports three to and from Central and south
American ports and the balance on the Paci6c-tO
connect in a network OF communication with San
nnicn 1ina thn Eoof Ipdro Y,ri,,
cipa islands o. the Indian Archipelago and the
Australian ports. In some way these general ideas
and plans are to be revived
UsuriOus Banks 10 be Called 20 Account.
The Comptroller OF the Currency, in his report,
calls upon Congress for an Interpretation Of the
law imposing penalties upon the banks for taking
usurious interest. Since the report has been made,
1t has been asccrtaincd that the First National
Bank of Charlotte, N. Co. Is one OF the banks against
which specific charges have been made. pet-
tion has been filed, accompanied with an aiiidavit
OF the facts in the case. praying the Comptroller
to institute proceedings to forfeit the charter
the bank. The Comptroller called upon the Soci-
tor OF the Treasury for an opinion, and received
one that taking usurious interest was forfeiture
OF the charter. The Comptroller placed the papers
in the hands OF the Committee Banks and
Banking, where they now remain.
Our school System Adopted In Sweden,
Spain, South America and Japan.
Sehor Domingo Toro, ofSantiago, Chile who is Wis
itGg the United States Oh some business connected
with the municipality OF that, the largest city in
the Republic, visited the Bureau of Education to
make inquiries relative to our school and other
educational matters In conversation with Com
missioner Eaton Senior Toro, who is the grandson
OF the first President OF Chile, gave an interesting
account OF school progress In Santiago The Sehor
is himself an active member Of the "Primary
School Society,"" an association whose scope is
somewhat like that OF society which formerly ex-
listed in New York city, and was the FORE
runner OF its present comprehensive school
system. The Santiago society Is largely
composed OF young men who, having been educated
at the .National Institute'-a superior school OF
the German gymnasium type-have become quite
liberalized. The Primary school Society have es-