The New York herald., 1872-12-21

L IL C0taCOmh0.
Ambrosius, in Milan It is on Celtic
funeral urn . In the. the b British n,., Museum. which
IN the Ramayana this symbol is the the front OF
oil the ships with which King Rama transported
India and Ceylon. Sanscrit scholars give to the
Ramayana date of about eight hundred years
hundred Years sna earlier ihs Sr IN the ThrS BOOK q
Kings we find Sanscrit names for the produce.
ivory. apes, peacocks, spices, &c, which were were
from 0phr identified with the present Abhira).
aud the names Of the conquerOrs can scarcely thus
Country n in less less than two Of three Centuries Rev
William Brown Kerr assures me he saw this
syNbol frequently recurring In the ancient Hind0O
temples, particularly In those OF the Gaina
ANTIQUITY OF THE CROSS.
II is subject for future investigation whether
the cross which has become later religious SYM
Dol Is simply derived from this ancient symbol or 10
another Representation OF the same two pieces Of
wood with which the Arians kinded their sacred
IRE MY esteemed friend, Z. Burnouf, the Sanscrit
scholar, ID OF the latter opinion and he writes me
that he knows for certain from the ancient scho-
hass of the vedas, from the comparative philology
and rom the nguratiye monuments. that fire ma.
used by our Hrian foreathers in the most remots
antiquity. He adds that the Greeks continued for
long time M TO produce dre by friction IN tnis way:
"stauros." This word is either derived from tho
root 'stri." which signaes .lay on the ground"
Sanscrit word s'stavara." which means lrm, solid,
lmmovable. Later, when the Greeks found other
came restricted to mean simply 'cross"
On some ancient Greek vases In the collection OF
rrosssoT s Koasopoulos' a. Athens also find find the
which IT seems to me certain that both the simple
cross and the other were symbols OF the highest
religious Importance with the Arian race at time
when the peoples now know as Celts, Germans,
Persians, Pelasgians, Hindoos, Hellenes. Siavoni-
ans were still one nation and spoke one commoa
language; and both these symbols have foundin
their most definite form on large numbers OF the
small terra cottas taken by me from the Lowest
HISTORY CONTINUED.
the. nation which immediately succeeded the
ancient Trojans In the occupation OF this site also
remained here for centuries, inasmuch as all tho
rubbish, at depth OF from ten to seven metres, II
the two symbols described above-iniubitable evi-
dence that they also were Arians. Here nnd no
drinking cups with handle below in the shape OF
a crown, and those fantastic red g0blets iH tho
large handle on each side, SO that they also only
stand on their mouths. find here, toe, drinking
mem mented with with a female face IN high relief and with
no handle, and great deal OF splendidly burned
but ancoored pottery suon as water Or wine
metre In diameter; also small urns with human
bones. plates and bowls vessels with ace
probably representing a cycope; vessels twenty
to twenty-five centimetres high, OF most fan.
tastic form, with female face, breast and abdo.
men, and in addition to the two natural ears two
enormous upright standing ears that evidently
served served as I handles many vessels with b Deah.ke
masses OF small and large vessels in
THE FORM BALL OR AN EGG,
with a short tube on each side and hole In the
same direction in the mouth through which
string was drawn to suspend them-many Of these
ornaments In the form of leaves and branches.
Here are many curious vessels in the form OF an
animal ami with tan three M feet and long project
handle on the back. ma also very small terra
cottas representing -swlne-representatiOns OF the
priapus-and beautiful terracortas in the form OF
vrcanOes and carousels with the most ingenious
symbOlica Ornamentatton.
THE SUN INVARIABLY APPEARS
on all 0rnamented terracOttas Of this kind In the
remains OF all nations that lived here, and find Il
with Bu the sacred aa veS
the holy 'agni' burning upon 1t; the mystic rose,
the holy Soma tree, which gave to the gods the
In the little carousels just mentioned, as found at
depth OF from ten to seven metres. The symbol
clan letter "Noun," i found represented sixteen
times on a small yulcano taken rom depth Of
groups OF four, placed as to form ACROSS around
central SUM- However, the symbol Of lightning
aso aSs man times Io ase p
and carrousels at depth Of metres. In aA
the the LAYERS from depth Of 1 10 metres nesriyto
exactly as represented on the sculptured Apollo
found In the temple; but still more frequently I
rising suns, which form q cross around It; and
similarly surrounded, by stars in the centre OF
fve roses are represented, of which four form
cross aud the fifth "pramantha'' around the
ters each OF three sunbeams extending ike crooked
windmill wings In all directions from central
on others are three holy affairs covered with
flames, and clusters OF stars form cross around
the sun; or four tails OF sunbeams, or two altars.
CROSS around the sun, or with cross each side
the sun, and the remaining spaces filled with stars.
very fine and hard as stone. Sometimes the samo
forms are cut in black, blue or green stone. This
HAND MILLsrONEs MADE OF LAVA,
hammers, wedges and pestles, OF dlorttee
ioadstone and . great many small saws Of sie1
and volcanic glass but all these are Of much bet
s o than % IN ns Fiat
OF which Is unknown to me; balls OF serpentlne or
Porpesy cen IN with
bone punches are found here.
BARBARoUs SUCCESSORS.
At depth OF from to metres all tho
remains indicate the presence OF an uncivilized
people Of fAran which again destroyed Troy and
extirpated her inhabitants for as stated In MY re-
port OF November last published in the Augsburger
Augeaet,e zeftung), there is no trace OF metal in
diferent, for here the walls are all OF small stones
joined with clay Many OF these house walls may
be seen in the osn sides Of my excavations stone
ofinferior quality, though their forms are graceful
form noar 70 glasses 10 hS ana
with two handles; others in the form OF teacups
Win Que n0nule, larger ones WIN TWO nanuleS.
There are gobiets with female faces alike
in size with those previously described, but
the faces are SO coarsely made that thought
they were Intended for owls when first saw them
and wrote OF them as such. There is much less
terracotta here than below, and some pieces
balls covered with symbOfs-nOt found there.
These are to centlmetres In diameter. The
surface OF one is divided into eight equal COM
partments In one OF which is q sun with ten rays,
OF which four are straight while the others appear
to represent religious symbols. One, believe -
for lightning; another has the form OF serpent;
third resembles the number 3; fourth Is iike tho
Arabic number 2, and the remainder resemble fish
hooks Close to the sun is star; in the next
compartment Is holy soma tree with eight
branches, quadrangle with two stars and trian-
gle with four stars. In the third space is q soma
tree with twelve branches circle with star
and q line with twelve stars above and below It.
In the fourth field is soma tree with SIX
branches, q triangle with three compartments and
two squares; the nfth field has sun with six
crooked beams and straight one; the sixth has