The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1872-10-22
ENGLAND AND IRELAND.
The Second Lecture OF Mr.. Froude.
Ffom Saturdays N. Y, PoStl

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The Second Lecture OF Mr.. Froude.
(From Saturdays N. Y. PoSt)
MIR. Froude began his lecture last even.
ing at Association Hall by O reference 10
tather Burke, and then said am about
to speak Of q man whom have been &C.
VIII.
Henry, who found Ireland suffering
from universal anarchy after the Norman
Conquest, was mild and temperate In his
hEst measures.
The next step he took was harsher.
You have probably heard of Irish absen.
tees, who have never gone near their ca.
tates, but lived away from them, and sim.
ply occupied themselves IN consuming the
rents from them. For the modern Eng
lish statesman there 10 nothing 80 sacred
as property. 1t was proposed ut the be.
ginning Of the century to attach the rents
Of the absentees, and there was imme-
diately great outcry all over the coun.
try; but King Henry VIII. took an entire.
y different view, He simply In one sweep
took away the estates Of those gentlemen
and gave them to others. Il was confis-
cation, but contiscation Of kind hearth.
" wish there was more oil. TApplause, 1
The Irish still refused to be pacIfied, an
Earl Of Kildare headed an insurrection,
but was finally arrested and sent to Lon.
Lord Thomas Fitzgerald, son of XII.
dare, as soon as he heard OF bis fathers
arrest, broke out In insurrection and call.
ed upon all to help him. He began with
the murder Of an archbishop. There was
agreat deal Of satisfaction at that, and
everybody was in arms, and there was
shouting and hurrahing, and burning of
vllleges and massacreing Of people, and
all tho usual accompaniment Of an insur.
rectiOn OF this kind. It lasted until the
English Government landed with few
hundred soldiers, and then the patriot
army inst melted away like q snOwdriit,
Lord Thomas, with five OF his uucles,
was executed for this business.
But the time came when a new ele-
ment was about TO be introduced into the
quarrel between England and Ireland.
This was the revolt Of Henry VIII, from
the Pope Of Rome.
Henry did not alter religion, strictly
speaking. He left the mass standing, and
as far as the body Of the people were CON.
cerned either in England or Ireland, the
only true difference they expressed was
that their affairs, whatever they were,
could be settled at home without their
having the trouble and expense Of send.
ing counsel or other people TO represent
them at Rome.
The immediate successor Of King Hen.
ry, Edward vi, declared war against
the mass. A ritual which had been OF
universal use for many centuries was
abolished by stfoke Of the pen. The
Protector, Somerset, and his companions
considered they had q mission To extirpate
idolstry. Churches were plundered and
sacred desks were desecrated and turned
down. Every object of superstitution
was insulted with ostentatious profanity.
They went too fast even for England, and
drove Ireland wild. They taught her the
fatal lesson that unless she supported the
Pope she would have to part with religion
as well.
At this critical moment the mind of
Ireland thus received an irrevocable
twist. She was threatened with revo.
lutionp social as well as spiritual, and
Irish ideas and traditions, which Henry
Will had begun to assail, linked them.
selves inseparably with the laws Of God
and piety. Queen Mary-"Bloody Mary"
followed her brother, and the pendu.
lum swung violently back, and the Papal
was restored. The creed, It
was perceived, could not stand without
the Pope. Ministers and bishops who
had countenanced the separation Of Rome
confessed their errors and did penance.
England was restored to the bosom OF
her mother, and ii was all settled by the
funeral fires OF three hundred men and
women, who were burned upat the stake.
Sostood the matter at the opening of
the reign-in some respects, / may call 1t
the great and glorious reign-oi Queen
Elizabeth.
Elizabeth came to the throne and found
she had to keepin order two furious frac.
tions who, II she let them loose, desired
nothing so much as to tear each other 10
pieces. She returned, as lar as the alter
ed circumstances would allow, to her
fathers policy. She sent the Pope about
his business again, and established the
English Episcopal Church with the Apos.
tolic succession, as 1t is called, and litur-
gy so like the mass that the clergy at
home now use 1t, who differ from the
Catholics in nothing except the papal su-
premacy; while 1t was elastic enough for
Protestants 10 use 1t In a sense OF their
own.
It was sometimes asked, why could not
Elizabeth have lett her subjects to choose
their own religion; left religion free, as we
say now. Simply because 1t was impos.
sible. The Roman Catholic religion 1t
was impossible for her to tolerate, because
the Roman Catholic religion declared her
q public enemy, and never ceased from
the moment she came TO the throne 10
use every possible means to drive her
iromit.
What, then, did Elizabeth do? These
bishops had taken the oath Of supremacy
to her father. She required them TO take
It again. 1t would have been well II she
had gone no further. It Is idle to pass
laws which cannot be executed; but it
was the will and custom that every i'm
portant act Of Parliament passed in En-.
gland should be passed in the Irish Par.
lament also.
So tho English liturgy and prayerbook
were formally extended to ireland, the
mass was prohibited, and tho service Of
the Established Church was set up In its
place. That was the law, but what was
the execution Of ltY At the beginning Of
Elizabeth's reign it was not executed at
mil, and there was not the slightest at-
tempt to do 1t. Nine.tenths Of the bishops
refused to talSe the oath. She removed
two ol them and left all the rest to govern
their dloceses in their own way.
But disorder still continued, and Eliza.
a. hn