Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1872-12-11
The Great Water Meter and how tt
can Check the Growth of
Manufactures.
The Workshops 90 be Removed to
Chattanooga.

The readers of the UNION AND AMERI-
CAN remember a car5ory glance at locomo-
tive building in the Nashville and Chatta-
noogs Railroad Compauy's mschine shops
at this city, publ saed by us Sunday last.
Auotherdpp triment to Je considered in
this connection IL
THE IRON AND BRASS FOUNDRY,
where very psr5 in the construction OF a
Railroad iac0mo We is made This shop is
nuder charge OF MIR. ". W. johnson, a gem
tleman whose experience and careful man
agemgnt Of such work render him most
valuable in the position. BE employs sew
euteeD men, Of whom ten are mOulcers.
Not only is perfected science required in
the exact adjustment Of thu almost count
less pieces Of locomotive, but also In the
yerS casting Of each section must certainty
ofmeasuremert be observed. 1t is known
to the machius. That the dead centre is
well nigh overcome, or 1T least couDterbsl-
anced. IN a locomotive by the exact right
angular position Of the cranks 10 the
drivers. one tenth of an inch variance
may allow 100 much stroke or render that
of the lwo shafts uneven. While this
defect may not work a direct injury in
steamboat machinery. the slightest differ
enca may produce fearful results 10 the run
ming Of a locomotive, Only two inches,
the width Of a rail, is that on which the
safety If millions rest. Yet with this mar
row way they are hauled thousands Of miles
tbroual DE ary forest s, and dismal swamps,
along pleasant valleys and tiowery fields,
over fearful chasms and high trestles,
through oak tunnels aud along the brow
of toHeIi1e mountains. 1t is then with a
due seprt citation of mechanical Skill, as a
condition of human safety irrespective Of
eSse and improvement in travel, that We
slute 10 the nice perfection demanded in
the gearing of 81 engine. Not only the
gearirc, but the, perfect measurement OF
the castings should be considered in this
respect; and il is then we may esteem
of more worth, however humble
other, the needless and the careless, may
imaci. f. or believe the mechanics vocation
IL tBis shop or foundry are cast all the iron
and ali he brass work used in a locomO-
tive. The feed pumps aud pipes, cylinders
steam box, WHISTLES, valves, rollers, knobs
Ornamental Cappings, wheels, etc, are made
bete and constitute an attractive study tC
one ia.cres.ed in such work. Ten thous
apa rCuuds are cast daily, two thousand
beil 2 Of brass work, which requires from
its cF.rarter more skill than iron work
The ba.vi. st castings for railroad purposes
cory.s3 the engine driving wheels and
cyiud,Ts.
THE BREAKING APPARATUS
wtizhs 400 pounds, is worked by steam
ard VAS forty feet drop. 1t goes up in les
than Two minut5s and readily demolishes
car or engine wheel or any piece of castin!
to tie requisite size. 1t is used as its mann
indicates 10 break cid iron, brass, etc.
WHEN sach is to be moulded. A twelve
bCIse rover engine of nine inch cylinde
aud fourteen inch stroke is used in running
tha fgu ldiy, tie work from which, as men
tiof.ai IA our previous article, being carTiet
10 The finishing shops and there dresse
for lis setting.
THE CAR BUILDING
is ura,r charge of J. Greene S2wyers,
gentleman Of practical knowledge, energ
aud 1eiisrce. Mr. J. G.. Stephens hs
charge f the books, and bis attentive tidellt
keeps ,vsIy thiug square and sure.
Sircs July, 1872, from which date GU
rarUsri,s are made. one bundred aud eight
me- hsve been employed 10 building car
for lie y ashvil.e aud Uhattanooga accompany
wIje4 in ID 'i'iOa to its vast
CAR SHOPS IN THIS CITY,
he. q naaLine shop at Chattanooga, an
wrrk shoes at Hickman, KY, Union Cit
sn5 Decberd. The present force wOrke
is on, hundred and twelve men. NTH
car shops proper, in this city, the force h1
beer Greatly reduced within the last weel
OWN 10 a suspension of active car buildin
for t. present -Four iron Iathas are WORK
ed, aaa At this time nine men are letalne
for sue purpose. Tie capacity OF tn ca
shops en- turn no aud nj ten aXles an
wh.eis lily. These are pressed on Oy
powerful
HYDRAULIC RAM
OF nice inch diameter, and Of 800 pouno
pre- sure 10 tho square inch. Alchohol
USED in Eigter, as slcA aujd is not subJat
to cludelsaLiJn by cod. In warm weatt
er o. is usually used, though water could
mace - answer such purposes. II
requisite charge for the ram IS eight gallons
and While three men easily manage the nj
chine, It's power is most wonderful. TIL
hui}diuy is FORTY bV forty feet, and its WoI