The weekly Arizona miner., 1872-01-27


 range, and that, occasionally, its banks AT lined with Pinal and Ariyaipa APaches' this region, it is believed, both placer an quartz mines of considerable richness eXls Indeed some lodes of great richness and siz have already been found and located. Thes lodcs are not far from Florence, which tow is one of the most beautiful in Arizona, as the extensive agricultural and grazing rcgio surrounding it.
 CASA GRANDE.
 Not far from Florence, on the south side ( the Gila, are the ruins oa Casa Grunde, building which, when standing and complete must have been one of the largest upon ou continent. At present there are standin portions of walls five stories in night an three feet thick these preserved pieces wall $ are in the centre of what was once tn main building, the outer walls having crum bIed away until, at present, they are aimos down to the level of the ground. Surround ing this decayed edifice, on eTery side, are t' be seen immense corrals, water-tanks oi con crete: the beds of ancient water-dtches, ant thousands of acres. now covered with pot tery, which were at one time, cultivated Dy the semi civilized children of Montezuma who, tradition says, lived at Casa Blaned, and shed the light of his benign countenance over Arizona This was, of course, long be fore the Spanish Invasion, when Aztec Toltec and other industrious Indians flour ished all over this southern land, too strong and too powerful to fear the savage Apaches who, shortly after the flower of the youth of the Toltccs had moved towards the City oi Mexico, to help their brethren make war upon the invading SpanardS, swooped down, Tn vast hordes, from their mountain fastnesses, and, forever, put an end to Toltec supremacy in Arizona The bloody work of the savages must have been quickly and thoroughly done, for, in excavating many ruins throughout the Territory, naught save human bones, tools, cooking utensils, &c., have been found, show ing, conclusiuely, that the work of destruc- ton was carried on in the very homes of the Toitccs, while most of their defenders were absent in Mexico. What frightful slaughter of old men, women and children this must have been, and how bitterly the descendants of those unlucky people hate the Apache butchers of the present day, for the crimes committed by their forefathers, can alone be learned by conversing with Pima, Papag'
 IoI b,, hatred of the Apaches far surpasses any tha we c"nra possibly entertain f0r tho a crug.. t~.scHrruu- dogs This almoS; tu tr,turtau of g. patient, t5umg, ingcnlo lace occurred at a time when the Apac sad Nt,yr., of tAe present day were unl. as brothers .f one tribe, bond which soon agtc. severed in ,waiu by a grand sion mo .uHumt, out o. winch sprang the Nav ajoes, who, even at this day, are said to mum Der over 5000 ''souls.'
 From Casa Ggdnde to the mouth of tn Gila, the country upon both sides of tn river assumes a desert, savage looking appear ance. Vast plains, covered with mesquite chernisal, sage, grease, and other brush, ex tend in every direction, and are only inter rupted in their spread by low, barren range of mountains, in which barro deer, mountai sheep, rabbits, snakes, lizards, etc, manag to increase and multiply. Bui for ti,e rive and its immediate surroundings, this sect II of our Territory would, indeed, be hidecns Yet, scattered here and there through it ar, tanks containing water; numerous oases ant not little mineral wealth. But, what secu -ity have people to go there and develop this region None, whatever. The few peo pie who have clung to it have done so at the peril of their lives, and those of them whose lives happen to be spared, will have to con. tinuc, as heretofore, in mortal terror of tie half-breed assassins and robbers of Sonora who, during the past year, have murdered nearly score of American men, women and children, stolen and destroyed stock ana other property to the value of about s4o, GOO. We of Northern Arizona have had ou sore troubles with savage Indians, but ou brethren or the Lower Gila have had to con tend with both savage anl scmi-civillzed de mons. and will, eventually, have to abandon i their homes unless Government steps Tn ana 1 in urmistakable language, informs the MeNl can authorities that desperadocs oi Una country must suffer for crmes perpetrate unor American soil and American citizen and that, in future, all Mexican cut-throa' found preying upon its citizens will be pun lishetl with death.
 AT CHA CITY,
 Eichtcen miles cast of Arizona City, we m' Mir. Hackett, and several other men, vt ,bored us about ten ounces of coarse sol which had recently been taken from aurife ous gravel in the neighborhood. We al' s saw a, distance, the min, out-houses. &c ' which mining company engaged in workn e quartz, had recently erected. The gray z alluded to is plenty in the vicinity, and son . pans of it have paid over an ounce to Il par. Years ago, the "cream" of those d , gings was taken away. but the Aed-roc
 strata were left untouched, and people Ina, 'S ,ust ft,und out ina. thav or, f.t