davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
sYsTNM N THE DAIRY.

There is no department IN sgrlcul'
ture where more precision shonld be
used than in the management -ofttie
dairy. Dairy products are the results
of~dirsetasoheuioal.a tr.nstorEstions-Q or
rather chemical action, from the time
the COW takes the foa until tie 66ish,
"a products ot'milk result: Innnone Of
the processes relating to the dairy,
should more care be used than 10 the
care and n.enipnlstions of the COWS
themselves, The Scottish Farmer, in
relation, 70 thu subject, says = z-r7-r.
Tho manager Of i large dairy in
Scotland gives the following as general
orders for all hands employed about his
stock
l. Every COW must be in, her stall at
the appointed time Of milking. -.
2. Mixers are expected 10 be on
hand 1t 6:45 p. m Sundays excepted,
when milking will commence At 6:l5
An, and 6:!5 p. m.
8. Each mixer will have charge Of q
.ds6aite number Of sails, .and~~,Rill- be
held responsible foa the thorough milk
ios ofstssJ oaT esoSIJins them. !
a. GlatsMor&. ana Gsd treatnsnt
ore spjoined. Striking COWS with stools,
clubs, or heavy sticks, will under no
circumstances be allowed.
8. ln'driying the coRs,to and from,
PASTURE great pairs must BE- taken not
to hurry them. ~ ri 4 % s
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
Sambo, ls your master a 90,

-"Well, Sambo, Is your master good
farmer 7" 80 yes, he be very good
farmer he make two crops in one
year." "How is that, sambo Pr
"Why, he sell al bis hay in de Fall,
and makes money once !; den in the
Spring he sell oil de bids oh the cat
tie dat die for the lack oh hay, and
makes money twice"
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
OHERIFF SALE-By yirtue of m .vacu+;o, :.

SHER1FF sALF.-By virtue of an execution is
- sued ont Of and under the seal of the District
Court 9TH judicial District, in and for the county Of
Morrison and State Of Minnesota, in action where
IN Huldah Brown is plaintiff and Joseph Tiff. de-
1endant IN favor of said defendant and against said
cents (s3s.50), and by virtue of said execution, I
have this Sd day of May A. B. 1872 levied upon as
the property of Huldah Brown, tho following de-
scnbed real property, to wit: Lot No. l, Section 20
county, containing twenty-four and $500 acres
ca $1,000 according to government survey. Now
notice is hereby given that will sell tho above de-
scrbed property at public auction the highest bid
der, for cash, at the front door Of the Court House,
in the town Of Little Falls, in said county, on MON
DAY THE 9Th DAY or JULY, A. D. 1872. at 10
o'clock In the forenoon of that day. to satisfy said
execution and costs. E. BRIGGS, Sheriff,
Morrison county, MINI.
Dated a: Little Falls, this Sd day Of Nay, 1879.
mav16-5w
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

The Michigan Farmer { thinks abe
winter wheat crop Of that State will be
lezs by 20 psr' cent. than that Of last
year. Il reports oats aud barley look
ing we'll; corn will be late planted gen.
0rslly.s T>Et@ -.
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
Donald g. Mitchell (..Ik. Marvel

: Donald G. Mitchell (''Ikv Msrvel'')
says: / do: believe that q business
man, by aud by, will come to find there
is some merit in breathing q good wind
for 4 mile or more before entering his
business. l do believe the Women
God bless them will come, by and
by, to think more highly Of the roses
that are planted in the cheeks and
less Of the roses that are planted 10 the
hats. I believe that when that time
come our younger people will appreciate
love the rhyt hm that lies in 4 good
breeze, and in the futter Of leaves, and
50, after time, may 1t litt their voices
up to the higher system Thomson sings
OF: ~ ~ ~. ~ .-:.s i'd. 20, a. 2 :.
Icare not, fortune, what you give to me-;
-. Yot cannot rob me of free natrs~,s arace,
You cannot shut tho windows Of thosky, -.
You cannot bar my constant .oat to trace Z.
The roads and lawns BY living streams At eve.
Let health my nerves and finer nbers brace,
And their greater joys to children leave
Aud ksncisd reason, virtue. nanght can DO b.
T. - .Av.<3 f
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
3Ii13S

Gen. Asents, San Erauelsco ca. saA * Copuss az
MILLIONS E:enr Tcstinseny - ahelf
Wonderful Curative Elects.
Vinegar Hitters are not . vile Fancy
DRINK, Made Of Poor Rum, Whiskey,
Proof Spirits and Refuse Liquors, doe
tored. epieed and sweesened 10 please the taste.
called Tonics." Appetizer" Restorels, &c.
bat lead the tippler on to drunkenness and ruin,
but are true Medicfse. made from the Native
Roots and Herbs of California, free from all
Alcoholic StlmnInBts. They are the
GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER and A
LIFE GIVING PRINCIPLE, : perfect
Kenovator and Invisorator Of the System. carry
ing of all poisonous matter and restoring the blood
to healthy condition. No person en- take these
Btters according to objections and remain long
unweIl. provided their bones are not DESTROYED
by mineral poison other means, and the vital
organs wasted beyond the point Of repair.
They are a Gentle PurGatfve as we'll
M n Tonic, possessing, also. the peculiar merit
OF acting a. powerful agent in relieving Conses-
ton or Inflammation Of the Liver, and Of all the
Yisceral Organs.
FOR FEMALE COMPLAINTS, whether
in young or old. married or single, At the dawn OF
womanbood or at the turn Of Life, these Tonic BIZ
ters have no equal.
For Indnmmntory and Chronic Rheu.
mntism and Gout, Dyspepsia or Iu-
dtrestiou, Bilious, Kemitfcnt and
Intermittent Fevcrs, Diseases OF the
Blood, Liver, Kidneys and Bladder,
these Isitters have been most successful Sack
Diseases are caused by Initiated Bleed,
which is generally produced by deraDsement Of
the DIRestive Organs.
DYSPEPSIA OR INDIGESTION,
Headache, Pain in the Shoulders, Conghs, Tight
ness of the Chest, Dizziness, Sour Eructations OF
the Stomach. Bad Taste in the Mouth. Bilious
Attacks, Palpitation OF the Heart, Inflammation Of
the Lungs, Pain in the regions of the Kidneys, and
hundred other painful symptoms are the or
springs of Dyspepsia
They invigo.ete the Stomach and stimulate the
torpid Liver and Bowels, which render them Of
unequalled efficacy in cleansing the blood Of all i'm
purities, and imparting new life and vigor TO the
whole system.
FOR SKIN DISEASES, Euptions. letter.
Salt Rhcum Blotches, Spots, Pimples, Pustulea.
Boils, Carbuncles, Ring Worms, Sca.d Head, Sore
Eyes Erysipeaa ITCH Scurfs, DiscoiorationS Of the
Skin Humors ana Diseases o. tie Skn, o. Te st.
RED out of the system in short time By the use OF
these Bitters. One bottle in such cases wiu con-
vince the most ncredulous of their curative eject.
Cleanse the Initiated Blood whenever you ind its
impurities bursting through the skin in PimpleA
Erupions or Sores cleanse it when You ind Il
obstructed and sluggish in the veins: cleanse it
when it is foul and your feelings will tel you when.
Keep the blood pure, and the health eft the system
will follow.
PIN, TAPE, and othsr WORMS, urking
in the system of 50 many thousands ne e6ectually
destroyed and removed.
BOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS AND DEALERS.
j. WALKER, Proprietor. r. H. MCDONALD 4
CO., Druggists and Gen. Agents, San Francisco,
Cal. and s. and 81 Commerce Street. New York.
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
CAILDREN's PARTY CAKES.

Three heaping teaspoons Of butter,
tho same quantity Of sugar, one egg,
one tablespoon corn starch added to
three small cups Of sifted -four; a small
cup sweet milk, 4 teaspoonful Of salera-
tue, one cup; Of carrants. sCutin strips
and roll out in powdered sugar. Twist
them round The size of a. thimble,
sprinkle candied caraway seeds all over
them, and ske in q brisk oven on fat
tins. ]
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

The Rsral Prss,, San Francisco,
ca, Of recent date, says there we're
$1,000 bales Of wool stored In that city
.v.hips s-le and shipnenat east and
that the wool was offered at from eight
'totsas cents perpound less than il had
been held two weeks previous: 2
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

"A correspondent Of the Westeru
Rural thinks the plan Of covering po-
49, With stray to protect them from
the Colorado potato beetle is a humbug.
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

Burlington, Iowa, buried baby,
and this is it's epitaph:
Beneath this stone our baby lays,
He neither cries nor hollers ]:
he lived just one and twenty days, .
And cost us fsrty dellarr.
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

FOR
MILWAUKEE,, CHICAGO, NEW YORK,
NEW ENGLAND AND THE
CANADAS,
points.
Trims leave st. Paul depot foot of Robert street,
For Hastings, Red Wing, Lake City, Reeds Land
ing. Wabash", Minneiska, Winona, La Crosse Mil
waukee, Chicago aud East nd South.
9,15 u. IN. Mail Train, Sundays excepted.
$50 p. m. Through Express, Saturdays excepted
with SLEEPING CAR from St. Paul.
THROUGH
WITHOUT CHANGE OF CARS
TO CHICAGO.
and connecting with the Sis p. m. trains in Chi
cago ca all Eastern Roads.
By this line Passengers can view all the magnih-
cent scenery of the upper Mississippi without the
annoying delays of river navigation or the dust and
o:35 a. m. Mail and Express for McGregor.
Prairie du Chem, Milwaukee, Chicago and
EAST s. SOUTH.
$50 p. m. Ct. Louis Express via. Austin, Cedar
THROUGH CAR TO ST. LOUIS,
And SLEEPING CAR from St. Paul and Minneapo
BAGGAGE Is CHECKED
to Ill parts Of tho
UNITED STATES.
Passengers should purchase their tickets Via. MIL
WAUKE, in order to secure all the advantages Of
his line.
For Minneapolis.
Leave e. 0:Se a. M
Leave St f6ul AV10 T. ~
Leave St. Paul ........ COMMUNICATIONS. 200 pm.
Leave St. Paul..-.."".."..-........... 4:3O p. N.
THROUGH TICKETS t. all points East West L
South. and SLEEPING CAR BERTHS Secured on ap-
plteation to J: a: Chandler, General Agent.
8. 8. MERRILL, General Manager.
10. 0AULT Asst. Gen. Manager. 80
Az. b. CARPENTHR, Gen. Passenger Agent.
C.H. PRIOR Division Superintendent.
J. A.CHANDLER, General Agent. -
depot. -
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

t's7=
.sl,s.s f:'>s$S.. s 49,. d 81: .see
.stf 4 G52;sT.
S'..s......la&7E - y x=aa,@g .ss3 Ma
=sass%< 'a*o 3.se@' Yl I'D ssa- ztss ttsaiee
a9s>4: j. . s@e7s'2 es::s zgess sEE 3iass tt,s3
=. .;4aAasa
asas sss,5ss5EszaSt b. ~ ssess'al
- '.r2 ~sas2j IT g. nj z,zzee lsaa ,.
: ,r~,, Ill.,. a. - .z2;s 80 ~ '5ss:;z,sscs
81 r. ar.~ aa2 -, Esa~ .44ae,u = g: ID.
=. '- g, 81: =, H...,...... :r:yass:srce. s,naa,
II ~+-,:". - - s.a isai1it sns. a@aEsy:;;
DR.. CROOKS WINE or TAR s7@@*e :..-s
Has been tested by the public
'.'' =" for 10 years =
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR, : ~ :.
Renovates and .-e
Invigorates the entire 81 stem.
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR ,.:s,..
-. Is the very remedy for the Weak
and Detilitated. a7..
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR =" .'s
Rapidly restores exhausted
>f -: strength. -"
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR IN.
Restores the appetite and
= strengthens the Stomach,
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR 49,:
j. Causes the food to digest, removing
Dyspepsia and 1pdigestion.
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Gives tone and energy 70
Debilitated Constitutions.
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
All recovering from any illness
find this the
best tonic they can take.
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
.. s, Is On effective
regulator Of the Livor.
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR ,...,..,.
Cures Jaundice,
or any Liver Complaint.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR " .'''
Makes Delicate Females,
who are never feeling well,
Strong and Healthy:
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Has restored many persons
who have been
-, J unable to work for years.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR -
Should be taken if your stomach
is out Of order. .
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Should be taken If you feel
weak or debilitated.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR $50.
Should be taken to strengthen and
build up your system.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Will cure your Dyspepsia or
Indigestion.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Will prevent Malarious Fevers,
ana braces up the System.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Possesses Vegetable Ingredients
which makes it the
best Tonic in tho Market.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
~ Has proved itsel
" in thousands of casei
capable Of curing all diseases Of tn
Throat and Lungs. -.
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR = ~
Cures oil Chronic Coughs
and Coughs and Colds, ~
more etfcctually than On,
other remedy
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR ...~..
Has cured cases of Consumptie,
pronounced incursbl
by physicians
DR.. CROOKS WINE OF TAR e.
Has cured SO many case
Asthma aud Bronchiti
that it has been pronounced speci1
| for these complaints.
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
Removes pain in Breast, Side or Back
DIR. CROOKS WINE OF TAR
! Cures Gravel and Kidney Diseases.
| M NR00K,S WINE m TAR
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
THE SIOUX AND CHIPPEWA IN
DIANs. HOW THE FUED BE
s TWEEN THEM BEGAN.

From tho Otter Tail Record ssfsttsS sES I
Since time when 9Th, memory Of man
runneth not to The contrary, there has
beer u stans'ing fuel between the ,wo great
aad powerful tribes Of Intians Che Sioux
and thA7 C!ti&new;as, 0r> mere properly
speaking, the ujibwas. This fued has
cost the livos of many blood thirsty braves
OF each tribe, and, too Of many innocent
women and helpless children, who have
fallen victims to the feelings OF implaca~
BILE hatred and revenge ranking in the
breasts Of the savag: warriors. More in.
stances Of broken faith, of violated treaties,
Of treacherous surprises and cold blooded
murders have grown out OF this hereditary
aversion of these tribes to each other, than
has probably occurred between any ether
two tribes on the American Continent since
it's occupancy by the whites. At times this
fued has, under the influence of great
councils, whereat solemn treaties were
entered into, the Ratchet buried and tho
pipe Of peace was smoked, died down, only
to DO opened up again by the murder and
scalping of q single individual or q small
party by greater one, when q favorable
opportunity presented itself, and then
oren war, in which no mercy was eve
.'.own or asked, would again be the re
suit.
The last great battle between the Sioux
End the Ojibwas in TIL. part of the coun
try, occurred about sixty or seventy years
ago, at q point on the south shore Of
West Battle Lake, near its eastern extrem.
ity, about eleven miles from this place. A
party Of forty 0jibva Indians were out on
tho war path, and 1t this place encountered
an expedition Of one hundred lodges Of the
Sioux, who were returning to the south
ward from their spring hunt in the moth.
ern portion Of this State. The Ojibwas,
who had been spying tho Sioux, and
knew that they must pass narrow neck Of
land between east and west Battle Lakes.
chose their ground we'll, and entrenched
themselves on the top Of high bank, over
looking the neck Of land which their ad-
versaries must pass. and when the Sioux
had come too far to retreat, eacumbered as
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13
The First Division Of the
st. Paul 4 Pacific Railroad
{6Ea5ss:E5!!siHEiiaHssll

1872. SUMNER TIME TABLE. 1872.
To take effect on and after Monday, April
~. 29th, 1872.
.. MAIN LINE.
The St. Cloud journal. [volume] (St. Cloud, Minn.) 1866-1876, 1872-06-13

I LOUIS LLOYD & CO.. Chicago. .Es3IF.5 Y
| H. H. LLOYD CO.. New York.
| AGENTS WANTED. Send for circulars to p
's|. LOUIS LLOYD CO..
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1872-06-01

there would be no disposition to en-
dure the open nl-will which even the
prospect of this legislation has excited in
every part of the country. The measure is
clearly political one It's object is to use
the army in the canvass in the interest Of
the faction now in power. The present
military administration has determined to
remain in office. The men who are strong
est in it are men who know but one way of
accomplishing their purposes-by direct
and not very punctilious action. They can
easily persuade themselves that the good of
the country requires that they shall be con-
tinued in place. When you make a soldier
dictator and President, and virtually give
him the classic charge, ''tO take care that
the republic shall receive no detriment,"
you give him a very wide range. In his
opinion the republic could receive no
greater detriment than to fail to re-elect
him.
The bill passed the Senate by vote of
twenty eight to fifteen, receiving the votes
Of administration Senators in solid pha-
lanx. We regret to know that the present
administrators of the national govern
mentor a majority of them-are willing
to resort to the most anti-repubhcan meas
ures to maintain authority that belongs to
the people. It certainly would enhance
our good opinion of President Grant if he
should, contrary to our belief at this time,
veto this most odious law, although such
an act on his part might be considered by
some a cruel rebuke to truculent, parti-
san Congress. sThe country has certainly
arrived at a condition when it has become
absolutely necessary that the people
should make a radical change in the legis-
latVe and executive departments Of the
government if they would preserve their
liberties To do this they will have to
continue to rally to the standard of the
Liberal Republican party. This party is
emphatically the party of the people, and
stands pledged to all necessary reforms in
government
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1872-06-01
POLITICAL MANBuVRRs.

1t is a chronic disease with the Bee to
imagine the worst possible motives for the
actions of political opponents. It now
conceives that the adjournment of the
Liberal Republican Convention to meet at
Baton Rouge is solely designed to force
the Reformers and Democrats to accept
Governor Warmoth as their candidate.
The Bee does not deem it necessary to
offer any reason for its belief, but an
nounces the arrangement with the assur-
ance that it is all correct.
A great many persons might very natu
rally conclude that the means adopted in
this measure were quite inadequate to the
end. Such an idea even prevails with us.
How the mere adjournment of the conven-
ton to meet at the same time and place
with the Radicals will have the effect of
forcing such coalition, we are unable to
| conceive. Taking the preliminary fea-
ures of the Bees article as true, it would
appear that the arrangement was more
like a surrender to the Packard faction
than anything else. But we happen to
know, as usual, that the Bee is altogether
at fault. No such design is in contempla-
ton. 1t is not the men who constitute
the Customhouse party in this State with
whom the Liberal Republicans refuse to
cooperate, but the principles they are
seeking to carry cut. The occasion of
the split is simply attributable to the
usurpative policy of the President, and
which his ofice-holders are trying to
make Republican. This is done by en-
deavoring to conceal from the people the
true issues developed by the present can
vass
If, when the actual condition of the
party is understood, the Packard fol-
lowers wish to unite with the Liberal
Republican party there can be no objec-
ton to it. Our convention does not wish
to force Governor Warmoth on anybody,
neither would the Governor consent to
such policy. The only arrangement in
view is the reconciliation of the Repub-
llCcA parry Al tL11S OLdt6 O44 Tic DdbAb VI
the principles adopted by the Cincinnati
convention. These contain no doctrines
offensive to any patriotic citizen. It is a
blow at usurpation that has been stricken;
a barrier interposed to prevent the enor-
nous growth of executive prerogative, and.
to stay if possible, the centralizing ten
dency of the federal administration. No
true Republican is opposed to this. Mr..
Packard and no member of his convention
will gainsay either proposition in the alb
stract All indeed that is sought to be
accomplished is pure administration of
the government, no matter who holds the
reins Of power.
The only plausible or possible pretext
for the meeting of the convention at
Baton Rouge is that we have stated-re-
Cancellation on the basis of the Liberal
movement. The Bee should not object to
this, if, as one of its writer's has stated,
Liberal Republican and Democratic prin-
ciples are identical It should rather re-
joice at the prospect Of unity in political
sentiment throughout the State.
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1872-06-01
OUACKERY IN POLITICS.

Advice is plenty; wisdom scarce. A
multitude Of hermits have unearthed
themselves and are telling us what they
know about society, which is just as ridic-
ulous as if man who had lived in a
cloister should bore Jenkins with the
rules of fashionable dinner party. 'Pro
Patria, in the calico organ, and Truth, :"
in the double-barreled layout on Charities
street, are the latest additions to the host
OF essayists who have told us what they
know about politics, and it is sorry lot
OF instruction that they bring into the
common fund. Such men are common
seolds that, under the ancient law of Eng
land, would have been restrained of their
power to bother and perplex the people
by an indictment. What does s'Pro Pa
tria" know of the people? What does he
know of principle? And yet men who
enter the lists to help in saving the State
should know all about the people and all
about principle. And yet '.Pro Patria"
is as ignorant on both Of these subjects as
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1872-06-01
THE DEMOCRATIC CRISIS,

1t is only among weak and unintelli-
gent class of people that simple assertion
passes for argument. With such persons
the loudest and fercest declaimer is the
most convincing speaker. OF the latter
class is a correspondent of the Bee, over
the signature of Truth" This impul5ive
politician has discovered a panacea for all
''the woes, expressions, insults and de-
graduation Of the Democratic party" But
he fails to tell US in what way these woes
have been felt, what are the expressions,
and the character of the insults and the
extent Of the degradation. The inference,
however, is that all are the legitimate
sequence Of the persistent defeats that the
Democrats have incurred since the advent
of the Republican party.
Now, evidently, this correspondent is too
sensitive. His premises are bad, and his
logic inclusive Of surety he is one of
those excitable individuals who, for the
last dozen years or more, were going to
die in the last ditch; but for the remark
able dispensation Of Providence, which has
prevented their ever reaching it, doubtless
they would have done so.
In rehearsing the many triumphs of
the Democratic party, Truth permits
his vanity to swell to undue proportions
and considers the present inactive position
Of the party as a sort of repose. 1t will
arise again, he confidently believes,
phoenix like, . to assert its supremacy.
In fact he asserts the Democrats are the
Liberal Republicans, since their princi-
New Orleans Republican. [volume] (New Orleans, La) 1867-1878, 1872-06-01

Many cases have been recorded of lives
saved by Bibles carried in the pocket,
which have intercepted bullets, bowie
knives and such like instruments of death.
OF course the proper inference from these
cases is that it is good and commendable
thing to carry Bible In the breast pocket,
"a indeed it is. But man in Florida, who
was not base slave enough to pay his bills.
allowed them to accumulate in his pocket
until there was quite a thick bundle of
them. A few days ago rufian tried to
stab him, and this bundle of unpaid billsin-
tercepted the knife and saved his life
What Is the inference in this casei