davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1872-07-17

deep POnghlhg, which, in addition TO The other advanta~
ges, "brlngs up new earth 10 the surface, thus forms IA
deeper soil, and more or less alters its physical quail
Ties and chemical composition. must leave il 10 those
who think IT worth while TO pursue the subject (aud
may they he many, to consult his Lectures on Agricul-
tural Chemistry, or his smaller work, The Elements
OF Practical Chemistry, which will amply repay Tie
outlay and trouble. cannot, however, deny myself
the satisfaction OF quoting some remarks of Il practical
man on tins subject, not only because Oftheir intrinsic
value, but because they show what progress practical
men are making IN the science Ofagriculture, and place
the stamp of experience of The suggestions and rea-
culture of land for wheat, by Mr.. Morton (author of an
excellent work on soils). in a late number of the AgrG-
cultural Gazette, 1t is said "When land is plOughed only
10 the depth of three or four inches, the active soil is
so very limited, that the least change in the weather is
injurious TO the plants growing In it. The manure, un-
der this system of shallow ploughing, forms a layer
near The snrfAce; the roots of the plants ramify only
through the throw slice in which the dung is placed,
and consequently the plant has but little hold Of the
ground. Being thus spread out horizontally near the
surface, the roots are easily exposed TO the weather,
and whether 1t be mild or frosty, dry or damp, are en-
tirely under lis influence in a dry season the shallow
i've IN wet weather, the roots having but little hold Of
the ground, a soaking rain and a little wind loosen the
plant, and 1t is blown out. In a deeply cultivated soil
the plant eXherts the whole of its energy at first, in
the production of roots, which strike deeply into the
soil, filling the whole of ii with their minute fbres.
Upon the arrival Of genial weather, the organs of the
leaves being excited are prepared for vigorous and lux
uriant growth and a wide field having been laid under
contribution for that purpose, the roots easily provide
the nourishmcnt required to support them under il.
L. under such a system a plant be pulled up, it will be
, 1872-07-17

found that the roots have ramliied SO extensively that
no carnations of temperature can effect them they draw
their nOurlshment from sources beyond the Influence of
the variablencss of external agents. Thus, deep cult
walton, by encouraging depth ofroOting, effects indirect
ly for the plant IA comparative independence of the
weather bat ii has a direct influence in the same d-
rection, for if the weather be wet the water more rca-
Oily passes down to the drains, and IT ii be dry, 1t retains
for a longer time a Sufciency Of moisture. Of two crops
equally luXurIant in their growth, that is not so Liable 10
lodge which is grown on the deeper soil, for its growth
has been more gradual and natural, and less the result
Of artificial excitement. OF course, it must he Under.
stood that deep cultivation can safely be entered upon.
only in soils that are naturally or artificially dry.''
This last is a p%recaution more necessary TO be given in
England than with US but altogether, though | might
multiply authorities Oh this head TO an almost indefi-
mite extent, yet | should hardly fluid anything more APP
plicable to our case, or more clearly expressed. /
would strongly recommend the careful perusal Of the
send section of MIR. Morton's valuable work on soil,
where the subject is clearly treated and It's advantages
strongly put. 1t will not be amiSs to quote one short
sentence from Liebig on the subjec :-"1n hot sum
mers," says he, accompanied by light and partial show
es Of rain, porous soils of no great fertility yield often
better crops than richer stiff soils. The rain falling ON
The porous soil is Immediately absorbed and reaches
the roots, whilst that falling on the heavy soils is eva
porated before its able TO penetrate them.' | may add,
that though horticulture has made wonderful advances
III many respects in England, yet that 10 no instance has
the result Of scientific practice been more remarkable
than where, in accordance with the principles above de-
tailed, plants, either Towering or truit-bearing {espe-
cially pines grown under. great head, have been devel-
Oped in soils so prepared as to admit the free access of
air TO the roots. Should any of your readers have ac-
cess TO a very valuable publication entitled the Garden
ers' Chronicle, they will there fud the subject most ex-
, 1872-07-17
TH1.El 'SAVTS."
Stri5iiaast1d, 81, grois.
WEDNESDAY 18th JULY 1872.

WLLIN EODA1 18th JULY 1872.
The new Steamer, Thyra, belonging to
Major W. f. Moore, Frederiksted, arrived
there on Monday last from New York,
where she was built. She is described by an
obliging correspondent as very fine vessel,
and IN every respect a boat just suited to
our requirements as a packet vessel be-
tween this island and St. Thomas. Her
Tonnage 1876 tons, engine 40 horse power,
length 10 # breadth % it,, depth 9 #.
draught of water S #. She is fitted out
with all the modern improvements. Asfar
as we understand, the steamer has been
procured especially for the trade between
the two islands, and, ifso, her cnterprising
owner has given proof of that public spirit,
the absence of which we have had occasion
to deplore in many of our well-to-do citi-
zens. Let us show our appreciation Of this
Development Of the true spirit and hope
that the Colonial Council will see the ne
ceSsity OF so subsidizing the new Steamer
as to secure to us a steady and regular
communication between the islands. We
could not reasonably expect that any mar
should be willing, at his loss, to supply the
long felt want of steam-communication,
although he may be willing to do so with
out any great gain.
, 1872-07-17

1t is impossible to determine, with pre-
cision, the exact relative value of these
two compounds, natural and artificial mix
ture, only by the most careful experiment.
It is undoubtedly true, that both will do
a great amount of good upon the soil
which is deficient in the particular consti-
tuents of which either of them is compos-
ed. There would be considerable differ
ence in the nature of the two compounds,
and yet on most soils, the artificial would
be quite as efficacious as the natural.
The nature and uses of manures are so
imperfectly understood that it is very diff
cult to present them in a concise form,
before the public mind. If the soil con
tains all the constituents of plant growth,
then manure is not demanded. If the soil
is deficient in some particular constituents,
and abounds in others, then those that are
deficient should be supplied, and so Oh
throughout the whole range OF soil.
At the present time there is a very
strong effort making to supply the country
with manures such as guano, superphos-
pilates, neutrality-suspicious., and
a host Of other mixtures all well enough
in themselves but at a cost five times
greater than it would be for the farmer to
Sare and prepare his own manure on his
farm, where it is to be used.
The waste of manure is a subject which
demands the most serious attention. Every
farmer has within his reach all that is ne
cessary to make a very large supply of the
very best manure if he will or@ preserve
, 1872-07-17

The Steam plough was tried at the
estate Lower Love on Monday last, and
did its work admirably.
, 1872-07-17
PERUVIAN & ARTIFICIAL GUANO.

"Nitrate of Soda 20 lbs. Sal ammoniac
10 lbs. Carbonate of ammonia 5 lbs.
Pearl ash S lbs. Sulphate of Soda s lbs.
Sulphate Of magnesia 5 lbs. Fine bone
60 lbs. Salt 10 lbs. Sulphate of Lime
two bushels. Meadow mud or street ma
nure, one cart load. Carbonate of iron 2
drachms. Manganese 2 drachms.
OF this composition or compost, it is
said, it would not cost more than one-ftth
of the imported guano, and also that it is
equally etfectual.
Johnston gives the following analysis
of Peruvian Guano PER CENT.
Ammonia 10
Uric acid, O.8
Water and carbonic and oxa-
lie acids, &c, expelled by a
red heat ----- --...-. SIS
Common salt with a little sui
phate and phosphate ofsoda ia
Phosphate of lime with a lit
tie phosphate of magnesia,
and carbonate of lime -. 1913
100
Waring, in his elements, gives the fol-
lowing: PER CENT.
Water GAO
Ammonia 2.71
Uric acid 81. 10
Oxalic acid, &c .-........ 26 70
Sulphate of soda .-....... (. "a
Phosphate of soda ....... AS
Chloride of sodium (saID.. SO
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13
POETRY.
The lClyl of IBaattlc Hollow.
WAR OF THE REBELLION, 1884

BY BRET HARrE.
No, wou.-thar now, 20! And it amt nothiu'-
no!
And thars nary to tell that you folks yer don't know:
And it's Belle tell ", do" and ts Belle. is il
true!"
And wot's this yer yarn Of the Major and your
Till I'm sick Of It all.--rO am, but s'pOee
Thet it's nothiu' to You. Well, then listen:
yer goes:
II was after the fight. and around AZ all night
Thar was popin' and shootn' powerful sight;
And the nigyers had fed, and Aunt Chi" WAS abed.
And Pnky and MIly had hid In the shed;
Aud ran out ut daybrcak and nothin' was nigh
But the growing Of cannon low down In the sky.
And saw not thing ~ ran to the spslnR
Bat sIlin.cred fence nail and brokers <0wn ewing,
And bird said :" Kcrchec!- ~ Il sat On tree,
A. II II was lonesome and glad u see me;
Aud filed up my pail and was risin' to 80.
When up cUmes the majus csstestn' Glow.
When he saw me nc drew in his reius and then threw
On the gute port his bride. and-what docs he do
Bu, come down where eat and be lifted hts hat,
And he says-wel thar amt any need to tell that
Twas come fO0lishness sure, but It mounted to this
That he asked for drink, and be wantad-a kiss.
Then sNtd II WAS mad). For the water. my lao.
You're hiy and must stoop: for kiss. it's had
Yuu Amt near big enough And turaed In huff,
When that Major he laid his white hand On my cut,
And lie says, "You're trump! Take my ,istol don't
fear!
But shoot the next msn that insults you my DEAR"
Then he stopped to the pool very quiet and cool.
Leavn' me with that pisto stuck there like fool
When there flashed On my sH:ht quick gltmmes Of
light
From the top of the little stone fence OH the right;
Aud knew twas riac, aud hack IT It oil
Rose the face Of that bushwhsckcr, Cherokee Hall!
Then felt In my dread that the moment the head
Of the Major wa. lifted. the Major was dead:
Aud stood still and white, but Lord gals, In spite
OF my that derned prtol went of in my fright
Went 0!t-true ~ Goepil! and, strsngest Of all
1t actooaly injured that Cherokee Hal.
Thats all-now, 80 long Yes, Some folks thinks its
wrong,
And tha,s come wants to know what side belong
But rays, Served hin, risht:" aud 20, all my
might,
In love or In wAr, for . fair etand-np 6ght:
And - for the Major--sho! gals. don't you know
Thct-L0rd i-thsrs his step In the garden 6slOw,
-Atlantic for April.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13
Date Of the (,rucillxiOn.

Herr K0lb, . German s0raHt, in a work
recently published, shows that there was
total eclipse Of the moon concomitantly
with the earthquake that occurred when
Of WsrcGf," cGf"r: u: Z: Cse a. "SSassi1a1sd> on the 10Th
the Jewish calendar to A. d. Al, and tho
result Of his researches fully confirms the
facts recorded by the Evangelis's. of ths
wonderful physical events that accompanied
the cruciiixiOn. Astronomical calculations
prove. without shadow Of doubt, that on
the l4,h day Of the Jewish month Nissan
(April 81 there was atotal eclipse OF the sum-
which, was accompanied, il all probability.
by the earthquake. "whcn the veil OF the
temple was rent from the top to the ooltom,'
and the earth did quake, and tue rocks rent
(Ms,thew xxxii.. 5l.) While st. LLAe de-
scribes the eclipse in these words: " And 1t
was the sixth hour (noon), an! there was
darkness over ali the land till the ninth
hour g O'Clock, p. n.y. and the sun was
darkcned." duke xxi, 49,
This mode Of reckoning corresponds pr
fec,ly with the result Of another calculation
our author made by reckoning backward
from The great total eclipse Of 1918, allowing
f,r the difference between the old and new
STYLES. which also gives April us the date
Of the new moon in the year A. d. 81. AS
the vernal equinox Of that year fell on
March q. the Jews ate their Easter lamb
and celebrated their Frib Passock, or Feast
of the Passover, on the following new moon.
i, is clear April 6 was identical with N's"n
IA. OF the Jewish calendar. which, more"
over was on Friday, the Paraskevce or day
Of preparation for the Sabbath and this
agrees with the Hebrew Ts'mud' Thus'oy
the united testimony Of astronomy. arcl'ae'
ology. traditional and Biblical history there
can be hut little doubt that the date OF tho
Crucifixion WAS April 9, A. d. 81.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13
The Tin Mines VI Missouri.

For many years it has been reported In
certain quarters that tin was very abun.
dant In Missouri. A company with large
capital was formed. excursions were made
from time to time to the mines, champagne
Was drank and speeches delivere !. assays OF
the ore were made. and "buttOns Of TIM"
Indicating richness Of from two to twelve
per cent. If metal. were obtained and car.
ried off by visitors. Men Of wealth and
good business habits in 81. Louis were 10.
ducel to take stock in the enterprise, which
promised such rich returns.
About year ago the State Geo0g,st, in
his report to the Legislature, expressed
doubts whether there was any tin in tho
greensboro claimed by the "opers'ors" to
Ike tin ore. For this lie came near being
dismissed from the survey by the Legisla'
ture then in session, into which resolu~
ton wasintroduced to suppress the report.
which it was said, 90 greatly beli.sled the
mineral wealth of the State. In the excite.
ment the Senate suspended its rules. and
the House would doubtless have done the
same had it not been discovered that the
report was already printed and many cop.
les circulated. The tin men were greatly
.exasperatetl. and declared they would have
the '.imported" geolosist ousted. A law
was passed, giving the Governor, MI. Is.
Gratz Brown, power to appoint " B"srd'
to manage the geological survey. which was
done, and that Board, consisting ut the
Governor and two whom he had appointed
turned out the gcologiss, Prof. A. ID. Hs.
gen. About 100000 had been expended
prior to the time the geol"gist reported sd>
versely on the tin. Since then at least
$4,000 more has been expended in the
erection of buildings, furnace, stamps,
washing apparatus, etc.
In August Inst the people were promised
tin "in about week." In September and
October the same promise was repeated, in
November and December the same. But
the new year has come, aad with It there
come no more promises of tin. The princi'
pal "operators" have sold out and the
works are shut up.
The people now begin to see that stu.
penlous fraud has been practiccd, and thou
sands of dollars squandered, merely. to
make show. in order to nix the market.
50 that they could "place" worthless stock.
The so called tin ore is nothing more
than greens,one. in which there is occa'
sionally found magnetic, which, upon be-
ing fused. produces shining globales "f
MA; netic iron. Cor. Engineering and M"'
'"g Jouraak
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13


i On March le. Mr.. Ciagett introduced the
following bill in relation to the entry OF
public lands In the Territories:
Be Il enacted by the Senate and House OF
Representatives of the United States vt
America in Congress assembled. That every
bona iide settler settled upon the public
lauds Of the United states at ihe time Ut the
passage of this oct. II either 1T the Tcrsi'
tories Of the United States, shall have the
right nf prc e,npiiOn to one hundred and
sixty acres If non mineral land in said Ter.
rilnry. and that the fact It such settler hsv.
;rs :S;n;;cc Il; q Bss,s:s%be9 :sb h Rss:
hundred and forty .one, on lands outside tho
limits of said Territory, shall interp',se no
l.ar to bis OF her obtaining the benefits Ut
this act. ''
Sec. 3. That eaci, homestead or pre- emp
tiOn claimant In said Territory shall. upon
presentation at the proper district land ONCE
of satisfactory proof that there 10 not, and
was not, 1t the time Of entry. any valuable
timber upnn the tract heated by such claim
ant. shall have the right to enter not exceed
inv forty acres Of vacant NON mineral nnd,
over which Government surveys have oeen
extended and not more than twenty'nve
miles distant frDm the tract located Oy s0cn
homestead or pre- emp;ion claimant: fT9'
c;ied, That none but bona tde settlers. NC
tually resident upon their respective 'fsc's:
shall have the right to make sucl, entries Ut
i,mbcr land and that such entries shall l'c
invade subject Id sucn needful rules md rex
uis,ion rs may be prescribed by the Secre.
retnry oT the Interior and the Commissioners
Of tie General Land Office for the enforce
ment Of this act: aud proeided, f.rtaer,
That said forty acres Of timber land shall bt
included in and form part OF said pre'emp
tiOu Of one hundred aud sixty acres.
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13

duced from his pocket the midwinter letter.
and read 1t deliberately word by word. to
the hollow echoes Of tho gloomy canyon,
the smile disappeared to look Of deaths
DESPAIR. lie confessed Al. and asked I" be
sbot. but the brother had another fate IN
store for his victim. -.Coolly encanping BY
the rock, he 81 down 70 see bis partner
s,arve to death. On the third day the III.
fated man signed the deed bequsathi"g oil
his property to the injured girl, and the
brother attached 1 fictitious name as Wit.
ness of the instrument, BY the terms OF
which be Was made the executor OF his
mariners estate. He then wrote letters
stating he had fallen very III Of fever o"
the plains, and II he did not recover these
letters would - delivered BY his beloved
partner. All tAis ths infusiated bro'her
compelled the man - do, and then quietly
awaited the end. ...,- ...,.r......,..-
,a Day by day the partner grew weaker.
and the brotber gI"e,ed over his misery.
often reading - him: the letter." so,
chained to the rock. suffering untold tor
tures Of hunger and thirst. and with the
mocking cries Of his executioner and the
words ot that letter ringing alternately IN
bio ears, this modern Prometllsus, who
had profsned the divine fire OF friend.
ship, d~indled to . skslstoa in bic fetters,
on the ninth day a e., .. .. ....o~
j. = DIED IN DELrRIuM ToRNENTs.
"Tbe svenges," concludes this striking
story. latter burying bis victims em"c'a'
ted corpse in the sand. directed his jour
ney to St. Louis. There he gave oat that
his partner had died while on HE way
through the Rocky Mountains. and In proof
of the assertion delivered the. letters. The
will wxs sleo proved, and the girl became
the dead mans hesr. Two years sfterw*rd
the brother WAS shot by Indians, and BE-
fore lie died confessed what hs had done.
Some hunters visited the place aud dug up
the skeleton. ar'nnd the neck Of which
still was found the chain by which the
man when living had been fastened to the
fsta! rock The spot Is still painted out To
travellers. aud the tale told Of how the
brother day after day ate his meals in the
presence Of HE wrctched prisoner, but
would not give him % much ~ . crumb, or
cup of water to quench his thirst"
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13
Tho 4Nerthern Paclnc Railway In 6reas
.y .. ' Britain.

The people Of Great Britain find !" tho
Northern Pacific Railway not only aproht'
able and desirable field for investment, but
a powerful agency for the consolidation
and development Of their colonial posses
.ions extending from Halifax to the Pacific
Ocean, aud for the maintenance OF the traoe
with the far East Below We give an e1'
tract from the London Post on this subject: !:
"The whole area Of England and Scot.
land is about fifty seven million acres, ana
that Of England, Scotland aud Ireland 70
seventy five millions; ~ that the terrl'oty
given 6y the American Government To tne
Northern Pacific Railway Company exceeds
that vf Great Britain hy three millions OF
acres, and II only fifteen millions u acres
less than the whole area ut the Cnl'ea
Kingdom. Our interest IN this par
iicular American enterprise arises from tho
circumstances that II appears tO open up 10
ms a portion Of our dOMini0ns which hsve
hitherto been .lmNst inaccessible. '
In short, fr,m the. + stern I" the Mesteln
terminus of the line the route ot TINS roao
trayerses region most desirable TOR se;lle'
,,ent and rich III FesOurces. whase develop
nasni will ~ al,M'st - profitable to bs't'sa
% IL, American interests. ~ Ina u.'.r
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13

Prom the souoma Democrat, March 9th.
Mr.. Joeeph S,sldcr, a native "f Switzer
land, now residing N Santa Rosa, Is the
owner Of an edition of the Bible printed i"
Coin, Germany. in the year 1867. about one
hundred wears after John Gut'e"burg IN
vented cut metal type and used them |" print
the irst edition of the sacred volume ever
Published. and tut twen,y-ycars after the
death of the great reformer. Luther. Fol-
lowing IL . translation Of the title page:
"The Old and New Testament. translated
from the ancient records of the Christian
Churches, truly, in the German language,
with many Wholesome snnotations, i''nm'>
mated hy DR.. John Dietenberger. now pub
lishe.l for the seventh time, more carefully
than ever before. Pointed in Coin. by Ger
roinum Calenium. and the heir OF John
Ouentels, A. D.. 1867, with the tpermiss'on
Of his Roman Majesty, the Emperor" This
Roman Majesty was Msximilian H., 4 "cph'
ew If Charles ". Of Spain, VIII" he'd few
wears before succeeded to the German Em'
pirc. This Bible il probably the oldest in
this country. It 10 in . good state OF pres
erya,ion. The illustrations are well cxecut'
cd and curious The binding ts Of wood.
nm eighth of IN inch thick, covered With
leather. The names Of its various owners
written on the fly leaf. begin with the "nto'
graph Of one Henricu- Poycus, 1879. who
sppears to have been military character,
and ends with that Of our felIow.tow q" "sman.
Mt. st.,tlcr, many curious records Of owner
ship filing the intervening space. It con-
taius forty>cight books ID, the Old Testa'
meut. instead Of thirty mine, NJ In our Bible
and 70 books in the New Testament. instead
Of ~, rs in modern translsitons.E MI:
S,a,dcr has also several rsre coins. among
them IN old Rpmsu coppsc tseesot tn
reign Of Ar,onius Plus. one hu"ered year
after the commencement of the Christian
Era The letters around the medallion a''
quite distinct. ynd tho workmanship good
lie bss also copper coin Of The Co1ny,. p
waa)tl, of Massachusetts. of the yess l1es
On one side. the word ''Asssachasstts" aur
rounds the figure of - ladian With DO bon
aot, arrows. On The reverse. " Common
wealth." around ~ eagle grssptnE - o'iv'
branch ana cluster Of arroSS. tsiN"r rfT+t.'A
The new North-west. [volume] (Deer Lodge, Mont.) 1869-1897, 1872-04-13
sNcorl,s. dc Lord"
tExtssct from Co,ored rolk's hymn Boot. uasd In
south Carolina.

We's he nearer to de Lard
Dan dc white folks, and dc knows II;
See de- glory gate unbarrcd-
Walk in darkeys. pact dc guard!
Bet ycs collar !lc won: close It:
Walk In dsrkcys. troo de gate.
Harls. dc kullcrd angelo boiler:
40 away. white folks. you're too late.
Wc's de- winnin kullnr! Wait
Tt! d. trumpet blow to follcrl
Ha,lelo0jah! tanks to praise:
Long ennuG we've horne our crOssce;
Now we's de s0a'pcriOr race,
And, with Gosramighty's grace.
We's rwine To hebbcu sfore de bOsscs. 3