New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1872-09-06
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.
o,,p co,rr,1FRN HEMIsPHERE.

ORR SOUTHERN HEMISPHEkE'
p,prupp RESULTS FroM THE HAssLER E .Sir1c
observation-disclosures ONCE COVERED Nv Eni an
DIaiON ,,vcprrs OF LATITUDE - SINGULAR
popNs OF LIFE NOW EXISTING NhAh me
EoUAlVh' Opz GUATEMALA. July 90 ls72
-. ,,..,,,,rs psrRcE. S,spsria.i,atni y. s. Coast
Surrey. ID %
Nv DEAR PFIRCs: Do not be surprised AZ
- ,o r,ossaoes II is about all can do to take Su''u
,ayo Of oyery opportunity that offers Tor stuu! "u
,inc. INIT rarely feel sufficiently collector 70 uo 'u'
,opnected writing. have another ms" oH"P -
earning glacial phenomena gathered ourius o'i -,
Journey from Ticahuano to Santiago O". - -,sor,,,,
,,catca story that do not feel equal now 10 rc0oiue
~ 1o,.t,s IN a connected statement, While tho "hoio
may be put in few words ....-,, ,c,
A GREAT VALLEY THAT HAS BEEN FILLED WIN
There Il a broad valley between the An'Os anu -
eoast range the Valley OF Gillian extending ITo 'O
Gnlf OF Aneud or Port Mont, TO Santiago anu ' .
north This valley IS continuation upon SUM-. ".s
,h Iovel NJ the channels which, from the STRAIT oil
Magellan TO CHLOE separate the ISLANDS from the man
land with the sole Interruption OF Tres Monies "e"
dves the clue TO the whole, as we nave hero IN nina
tnre a valley between the Andes ana the coast ranse
Now this great valley, extending for moro IMAM % uo
erees of latitude continuous glacier Dottolh' o"
DO rl,pl tba, for it, wnoe length the great southern
heet has been moving northwards In IT, Icoud hnu
nowhere any indication that glaciers oesc3hnhK Iio"
the Andes mad crossed this valley ana reaenou Vno
shores Of the pacific In few localities only ola notee
Andesn O. volcanic erratics upon the Dose materials
filling tho old glacier bottom. Between Cnrrlho ana
santiago however facing the gorge OF lemon, saw
two distinct lateral m)raincs parallel to one another
chiefly compose OF volcanic powders, resting upon inc
old drift and indicating Ivy their position the course
large glacier that poured down from tho AuoS VI
Tapop and crossed the main valley without, however
extending beyond the eastern slope OF the eoas range
90
pown throughout the country the Crrios OF Ienoh
lint pobodv suspecs their glacial Origln even thc geOlo
eists OF Santiago assign q volcanic origin to them
h. sTRArIFrFD TERRACES LEFT By GLACIERS. .
What Il diasa 10 describe ia this history arc the sue
essve retrosale steps OF the great southern lce5u'
mat stem y step le to the north of 1t larger or smaller
tracks Of the valley free ice that large glacial lakes
coud be formed anl, in fact seem always 10 nave eA'
is.ed along the 5ang edge of the great southern
glacier. Tho natural consequence is that tAere arc
everywhere Al terraces, without border baerS
cas- these were formerly th3 ice that has Vanshe res
tnsat higher lower levels, "a you move
north or sonth upo unsrlted drift OF older DATE the
nogihernmost enl OF these terraces being the oues
While those further south belong to later Steps IN 'h
waning of the ioeaelds From these data inner tha'
my suggestion Concerning tho trend OF the 'srle upon
the poll shod anl glaciatsd surfaces OF the vcmy
TllcahuanO. alluded to In the pJstscrptOI my last 0'
ter. is probably correct.
was much greved reaching Valparaiso 10 hoar o
the mshaps OF tho dredging apparatus. The subsequent
de2arture Of Pouraes has been great loss to MS ALL fo
notwithstanding his silent nature, he Is powerful
standby.
7vnEsCE COME THE ORGANISMS EXISTING IN TIL
GALAPAGosi
Our visit to the Galapagos has been full OF geological
AMI geological interest 1t Is exceedingly impressive to
SEQ an extensive archipelago. Of most recent origin In
habited by creatures different from any known IN
other parts of the world Here have positive limit
10 the ength Of time that DO granted for the trans
formation OF these animals, II they are In any way
derived from others dwelling In different parts or the
world. The Galapagos recent that some or these
islands are barely covered with the most scanty vegeta
ton itself peculiar these islands parts OF the
uraceare entirely BARE and many OF the craters
and lava streams are so fresh that the atmospheric
agents have not yet made impression upon them Their
age does not therefore 60 back to earlier geological
pcriods they belong to time geologcay speaking
Whence then do their inhabitants come fromannals az
well as plantsl II descended from some other type be-
longing TO neghborngl then does not require
unspeakaby long periods for the transformation OF
specic as the modern advocates OF transmutaon claim
and the mystery change with such marked and char
acteristic differences between existing species, Is on
aud brought 10 level with that OF creation
fbev are from what germs did they start into
existenre2 think that careful observers, IN view OIL
these facts will have 10 acknowledge that our science
yet ripe for lair discussion Oh Tue OIlsh VI le"
our stay in Panama has allowed us 20 make very ex
tensive collections in the Bay and across the lsthmu
fora aud OF the terrestrial fauna between the Two
oceans. Marked peculiartes are only 70 be found
among the marine animals, and even among them the
American character the Atlantic and Pacific marine
fauna is uumisakable; we are not surrounded Dy an
mails recalling by their peonarites the many groups OF
islands OF tine Pacific Iexpect that our visit in Acapulco
viii confirm these impressions. Ever truly your Itlc
l.. AGAsslZ.