, 1872-10-26

~ $50 wv 1885,
a quarter) II gallons of Rum pr. Ton of
canes manufactured. The Usine "Cluny"
is, we were informed, in general respects a
similar Factory to that of BEAUFORT and
canes are brought by water in Punts from
q distance of 20 miles and afterwards con-
veyed some miles further by Tramway to
the Usine. The Island of Guadeloupe Is
divided into 2 parts by a narrow channel
called the Riviere salee running N. & S.
The Western portion (Guadeloupe proper
IS OF Volcanic origin, it is mountainous,
we'll wooded, and abundantly supplied with
water, its soil, resulting from the disinte-
grafton of trap and c~onglomerate, is gene
rally OF a stiff argilaceous nature.
The Eastern portion is entirely %calcare-
GUS It's surface is undulating the hills no.
where attaining any considerable elevation,
they are generally cleared of wood. 1t suf-
ters much more now from drought than the
Western part, the inhabitants deriving
their supply of Water chiefly from Wells
and Ponds as in Antigua, in fact in its gen.
eraI features and climataI conditions it
bears a considerable resemblance to that
part of our Island lying N. L. of u line
drawn from Dickenson's Bay on the N.
W. to Willoughhy Bay on the S. f.
1t Is on this portion of the Island,
called "Grande Terre," that the Cuisines
Centrals" are situated. Leaving Point-a-
Pitro the Commissioners traversed the Is
land of Grande Terre in a N. E. direction
to the small port Of Lie Moule at short dis
tances from which are several Usines con-
structed ON a smaller scale than that of
D'Arboussier. The Country in this part
of the Island bears much anology in its soil,
climate and general aspect to the cores
ponding part of Antigua. The soil is gen.
orally a dark c~oloured loan on a marty
sub-soil everything rocks composed ofindu-
rated mari and a limestone made up of
comminuted Shells and coral. The water
is derived from ponds, Wells, and Cisterns
there beng no running water of any con
sequence. The canes appeared to be suf-
fering from drought in the same degree as
those Of Antigua. We were unable 10 as
certain positively the amount of rainfall
as it does not appear to be the custom to
have PIuvlometers on Estates as with US.
"Usine Zeyalloz" The method of man.
u%tacture here was generally the same as at
DArboussier. Charcoal filters, Triple Eff
t6t, vacuum Pan and Turbiens. There was
however, Il feature which we did not OBJ
serve at the latter place, viz, the employ
ment OF retigeratOrs for %economising the
water supply. These consist of high sheds
open on all siies in which are placed stra-
ia of fascines. Over these is conducted the
waste water which has served for condensa-
ton in the Vacuum Pans &c. &c and per-
c%Olating them it falls intoa Cistern under
meath, its temperature reduced to that of
the atmosphere. 1t is thus reduced again
available for condensing purposes. "Ze-
vaIIoz' makes 5000 tons of Sugar. 1t
works night and day. It employs 40 hands
by day and the same number by night.
The greatest distance from which It brings
its canes by rail is 81 miles, they a:e cart
ed by the Planter to his nearest point on
the railway, from that at the expense of the
Usine. This railway with materiel cost
between 916OO and 932OO pr. mile. The
breadth between the rails is i yards, and
the speed attained 6 to 10 miles an hour.
The Usine "Duchassaing'' is on the same
principle and scale as that of"Zevalloz."
They both pay 6p. ct. of the weight Of
the canes.
The %labouring population in this Dis
tflct has not increased since the establish
ment of Central Factories. abont sn n