The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-04-13

always ready to do tnat because by doing that they
can gam favor. Here Horace Greeley entered ana
was greeted with loud APPLAUSE After whicn MI.
TrumpuIl said VERY appropriate are those cheers
IN honor OF the first champion. believe, IN the
country 10 proclaim boldly universal amnesty One
great measure winch Is demanded in the name OF
honesty, IN the name OF peace, In the pest
moving poIitical disaDIlitIes. Another cause OF
complaint among the people Is the manner IN when
rhe patronage OF TINS government y used. as II y
interest OF party event. does not even rise TO
that nigh dlgnty-but In the interest OF faction OF
party. III Is nolorlousyou all know II IN the city
or New York, for Il has been recently disclosed by
an investigating committee which sal in this CITY
VINO, instead Of having received their .ap.
poin'ments IN consequence OF their hdellty,
to discharge the duties OF the offices for the best
interests OF the country hut because OF the influence
winch 1t Is supposed they can exert al some pri
mary election or State convention, or IN teaching
you, the people, whom TO vote for AZ the polls ms
very many evils which cannot stop tonight 10
point OUT The officers in many localities (and 1t Is
50 herel are taxed portion of their salaries for
party purposes, and II they do not perform
the political duty required Of them they
s very soon are removed and Others so sub
Passing from this question OF civil service REFORM
which would occupy an hour 10 discuss properly
creating alarm Throughout the country, and allude
TO Ine assumption OF unwarranted power on the
part OF the federal government an0 Its departments
During toe war extraordinary powers were exer-
cised by the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS never before
called into De1fg anu aItnOugn IN my opinion tneTe
was never any occasion at any time during the war
To exercise any unconstitutional authority on the
part OF the federal government all the power neces-
sary TO DC exercised even in war or IN rebellion Is
now exercised by the administration. The federal
government Is encroachng upon the rights OF
ihe states IL Is dong 80 by legislation 10 some ex-
tent. Recently al almost every session OF congress-
laws are passed taking away from your stale lrl-
ounas various forms OF jurisdiction and transfer
rng them TO the federal gOvernmct. some or these
laws have already been declared uncohstiutional
by the Courts. Bills are also Introduced into Con-
gress creating additional circuits throughout the
whole country for the appointment OIL judges ana
country. Ana II this goes on few years Will elapse
before You VIII have TO seek your rights and re-
dress for your grievances not IN courts established
by yourselves IN your own State, but IN courts pre-
sided over By judges appointed by the central power
and over wnom you nave no control Encroachments
are also made. and perhaps, the most alarming OF
all, by the military power. The military power has
come to assume the duties belonging TO civil
officers, ana that In defiance or law. Abiding
again TO the State OF Georgia, which was recon-
structed under the reconstruction acts, and mad
in reg ard 10 the organization OF the Legisla
ture in Georgia, and IN 1869 and 1870 Congress
been returned as elected by General Meade, who at
the time was commanding ohicer IN that military
Qualify as members. A~ and tue law pro. pro-.
vided That It should be felony, pun
not less than two and not more tnan ten years Tor
any person TO interfere with any member thus
session Of tine Icr,saInre AndMwoua yo. believe
ii?-wlth such law as that upon the statute book.
The military officer In command IN Georgia Issued
order prohibiting certain men 10 Sit IN the Legs-
lature ana allowing Others to take their seats-a
direct defiance OF an act OF Congress- which should
have subjected That officer to imprisonment OF not
less tnan TWO years IN the penllentary. Has any
notce been taken of ~ Yes; the matter was re-
terred TO the Committee on the Judiciary In
the Senate, and report was made, drawn
up by Senator Edmunds, an ardent friend OF the ad-
minlstration, expressing IN mild terms that the
committee was constrained to say that the action
OF the military authorities was contrary to law.
few years ago Congress passed another law that no
functions OF civil office, and yet who does not
know tnat the White House Is filed with army offi-
GERS acting as the secretaries OF the President
Not day passes during the session OF Con-
gress that we do not receive messages from
taiy for whom the law provides and the pc Jpe
pay, but by major IN the regular army. Suppose
Andrew Johnson had done the same thing. DO you
THINK IL would have been passed by without notice
Aud does IL make any difference Dy whom 1t IS
serve their liberties II they quietly submit to these
encroachmenis Dy those 10 authority Tne safety
the people themselves administer, ana not IN
central government, where all tue powers OF gov
eminent are Indefinite. Ana II TINS system OF en-
tant wnen our republican system, based
upon me n, IDEA Of division OF powers
States, win be transformed into one military des-
potlsn, with all power at the city OF Washington.
Aud care not whether power Is exercised by
single person called monarch or by 500 persons
called Congress. 1t is equally despo'lsm. The
doctrine Is now proclaimed boldly by men nigh III
aurnority thai The States Of the Union have srcn
pcrsrs onlg Gs are conferred upon them by the
stlluton OF the United States, when directly the
reverse Is true, and the States nave all
power, except such as the constitution has con-
ierrel upon the general government. The dit
fereuce Is this, the government oI the United
states Is one o. derlvattve powers. In the
States the government is inherent, ana they have
all power not denied them by the constitution,
wnicn declares IN one OF It's amendments That all
power not conferred by THIS constitution IS reserved
to the States Another Just cause OF complaint with
the people Is the corruption OF the government.
ms seems 10 De an era OF corruption among all OH
Gals. You here Ia the city OF New YORK irst dis
closed Tue robDeres which were beng practised oy
those III authority, ana mat awakened pubnc sen
timent III the country that caused the people all
over the Lard 70 LOOK 10 their officials ascertain
wnat disposition they were making OF the money
that was collected IRON them; and In my own CITY
OF Chicago several OF the city officials have been
convicted Of receiving brides ana other offences,
anu are now suffering the penalty Of their crimes
In prison. IN the government OF the United states
we nave not been able to unearth and disclose all
tine corrupons-in TACT, tnink we nave only lust
seen the surface OF what exists below still, enough
ha, been disclosed 10 show that the greatest ABUSES
exist. VIII illustrate IL by reference TO one that
recently occurred and mas been brought TO light. II
Is that Of the COMPROMISING Of the Currency An
officer, VINO mas charge OF all the NATIONAL
lnIs officer received as present from one oil It's
Ofcers a carriage ana harness In the city OF Wash
ington. lie walked down the avenue, and for the
deiaication ana misuse o money ne was rewarded
by walking out win the head OF the bureau, VINO
gave him carriage ana harness. The clerks IN
mis- department received money while sltllng at
their desks-cerks whose duly 1t was 10 see That
the law was hot violated. Wen, what happened
was friendly To the officer and to the administration
was appointed, and tney made report What did
they say mat 'the good management OF
the Currency Bureau causes us 10 ask that the head
should be changed ana the oflicer at the mead Of
tnat department should be removed TnereupOu,
OH the receipt Of that answer, he was permitted 10
resign, and 10 go oat OF once nonoraby and undis-
graced few years ago, wnen some one asked
Wnal should be done to u man VINO mad torn down
nag that mad been noatng on the Custom House,
the reply vas shoot Nun on tae spotp mat reply
that onicer mad been delinquent IN the discharge
0! some political requirement; suppose he had re-
fused TO pay tile assessment Tor party purposes;
suppose he MAD used his influence IN conducting
some primary, or he had promoted the interests or
some lavorlte or some Congressman who had got
him the place, why, he would have Deen politically
gulliotlned, anu the axe would nave come down
he would have gone forth trunkless, o terrible
monument oi warning TO The officers OF his tlme
1nere Is another oncer whose delnquencies have
been announced recently ami what has he been
dongY Why, simply this A lew years ago, during
the war, the government entered into contracts to
build some war vessels. Alter tue contracts were
made tue government changed tnelr plans some