, 1872-10-20
Irish, Scandinavian, German,
and American Ser
wants.
Their characteristics and Ei1e-
ments Of Useful
ness.
Wages and Treatment Accorded
"He1p" in Chicago.

repellOn. But 1t Is not only true in regard TO
nations, but holds good in respect Of classes and
individuala. The tendency Of civilization is to
more minute classification. Society, with itB
many occupations, trades, and guilds, wears it.
self into deeper and deeper ruts as time pro-
crosses. The older the country, the palmer are
the lines Of division and the more marked the
distinctive features. People having G common
interest become clannish and separate them
selves in q measure from tho rest Of mankind.
The peculiarities Of any trade become in time
incisive pcculiaritics Of mind. and manner char
acteristic Of the occupation. With separation
into classes come mutual ignorance and forget
fulness, and people who are differently occupied
drift further and farther apart. The lawyer and
the merchant know little about the mode Of life
and thought Of the bricldayer and carpenter, and
care even lcss. When Bridget brings the boardor
at tho morning meal, the tepid coffee, tho
fbrous steak, or the suspected egg, she scarce
awakens passing thought Of her personality.
She fades from his sight, an undelightful vision,
with tangled hair and soiled calico, leaving only
8 sense Of injuries received at the hands of the
landlady, which soon vanishee, because he is 80
accustomed to his wrongs. The young man
with the tnbe-rose in his buttonlole cares ittle
for the unsavory boy who brings him, at his res
taurant, the midday roast beef with its vegeta-
bic ga1nish. If there happens to be an error in
the viands, or slip in the mode Of service, he
merely emits q fashionable anathoma, and stares
the person Of foul linen, greasy napkin, and
generally untidy habit out Of his sight and out Of
thought. But all these people have an iudiyidu-
al existence, and their relations to the rest Of
the world arc real and important. Comparative
1v how +r cF
except in the most casual manner, and when
they turn their attention ia that humble direc-
tion it is often with an execration, thought, if
not uttered It is the housekeeper who las
to to VIII whom ' the quantity u1 'nS and quality psiPl
Of handmaidens is matter of serious concern.
To the mother Of the family, to the Indy Of the
mansion, the laws that regulate the domestic
supply and demand are Of great economic sig
nihcance. According to her light she deals with
the problem, and evolves from it such results as
arc to her possible. Of so great importance has
the question Of household Eervants become, that
social writers have turned their attention to the
matter, and furnished exhaustive papers on the
subject, The topic has been discussed during
the past year in q score of magazine articles Of
unequal ability. These sketches ERE largely
made up of anecdotes showing the vagarles Of
waiting maids, the unparalleled tyranny Of cooks,
the frivolous and untrustworthy character Of
nurses, and they usually end with do}eful ele-
giaca, in which the decay of domestic discipline
is la1nented, and the disappearance Of the typical
seryant~girl from the face Of the earth deplored.
TEE SUPPLY OF sEKvAST-G1RLs
is seldom equal to the demand. In Chicago,
than before. The tendency Of all women who
work for living iB more and more toward day
work. The work Of domestici is never finished.
She has little time that she can call hor own,
The labor Of the female conpositor, bookbinder,
saleswoman, or seamstress, is ended, or can bo
ended, with the day. Furthermore, the wages
are greater in these pursuits. In the occupations
named woman can earn from Sc to 312 week,
while the best female cook never commands
more than IS, and other grades Of domestic labor
are paid much less New fields of labor are
everyyear open to women. They are invitedt odo
everything becoming to their se1 that they can
do az well as men, Never have their been 80
many women employed as sa1ewonen. compost
tors, bookbinders, or seamstreeses than now.
The carpet stores employ q large number, the
binderies are all busy, and tho clothing manu-
facturers furnish work for great number.
Charles P. Kellogg & Co. alone, afford occu
patton to 5000 women. The tailors give en-
p1oyment to thousands more. How the pressure
would be removed from the domestic market
were these avenues closed, can be easily
perceived.
The intelligence agents are the midd1emcn in
the domestic market. Their Offices abound all
over the city, but are found in the greatest num-
ber on State street. But they seldom have to
deal with ANYTHING except ss SECOND girls. !" and
women who perform the coarseat ueuial labor.
They are managed sometimes fairly. but oftener
not. The girl desiring place eoos to the Office.
rerigters. pays her fee of one or two dollars and
geRs a n1aee # there hanpen to be enough for the
Hundreds Who have PRECEDED her, and little
surplus. The better servant cirls never
soek Tho intervention Ct the jnte}l;gence office.
Ifs chief patrons ara the hotels and regtaurants.
and these are seldom in great need Of anv help'
evcept scnllious. Firet-clasa cooks and maids-
of-all-worI. never need look long for gituationa.
There are pleasant nlaces alwayg waitiuc to
IRISH SERVANT o1n1,s
are more numerous than any other. The poor
class Of Irish are born to geryitudo. md accent
the situation without question. with habits Of
submission for centuries have grown up little
faults of dissimulatiou. and kindred vices
peculiar to the onnressed. Rnt irish Girls have
many virtues. Ihey Host. from place to place.
according to the need Of their seryices # helpis
scarce in certain city, the Irish Girls come in and
supply the deficiency as natural as gran aeaks tha
pace Of scarcity, and prices seek to adjust them
selves to general level. The representative of
the class is called Bridget, Bridget is found
doing all grades of domestic labor, in the cham
ber The Kitchen. the scullery, the nursery. She
is quick-tempercd, liable to mistakes, and, If
not we'll taupht n continual trn,,rln tn !. carofu1