davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1872-02-28


OFFICE CLYDEs STEAM LINES,
" II South Delaware Avenue,
Philadelphia, Nov. !, 1871.
For the purpose of Offering additional iacli-
ties, and to meet the urgent re- a.
quirrmentS of shippers, we have ~ hi 4
decided to increase the number -x Sssss
ourstcamers on the line to ALEXAN DRl A and
ASll1NGTON and Oh and after November
9th will run Il semi-werkly line of steamers be-
tween this and the above named points, leaving
Philadelphia, from pier 2, North Wharves, on
Wednesdays and Saturdays, at noon; and George
town from Company's docks, OH Mondays and
Thursdays, and Alexandria on Tuesdays and
Thursdays with the Orange, Alex
andria and Manassas, and Washington IL Ohio
Railroads, and Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
Freight forwarded to all points on these routes
and their CONNECTIONS.
Shippers by this route may depend upon care
ful handling OF freight and prompt dispatch No
extra charges made for forwarding.
w. p. CLYDE Il CO., Agents.
&. +. HYDE, Georgetown, ID. &.
NJ. ELDRlDGE y CO., Alexandra, Va.
nov TIT
oRFOLK AND BOSTON,.
The steamer LADY OF THE LAKE, con-
meeting ut Norfolk With the steamers rH-a
portation Company for Boston, will leave her
wharf, No 4 south wharves, EVERY MON
DAY, WEDN ESEAY and FRIDAY at 4.30 p
M, for Norfolk. Returning, leave Norfolk on
TUESDAYS, TIL u RSDAYS and SATUR-
DAYS ut 5 p m, stopping at Fort Washing
ton, Glymont, Piney Point, Point Lookout und
Fortress Monroe.
This line, connecting at Alexandria with the
o., A. s. NJ. and w. IL 0. K. Rs, and at Nor
folk with the Boston steamers, offers superior III
ducements for the rapid and careful shipment OF
Ill kinds of freight to Boston. The rates being
low, the attention Of shippers is particularly dl,
rcctrd to this feature All freight forwarded
free of commission, and through bills Of hiding
given.
For freight or passage apply on board, or to
Y. ID. GRUNEk, Norfolk, }. q. WATERS,
Georgetown, or NJ. ELDRlDGk Il CO.,
Agents Alexandria.
S.P. BROWN & son, Gen. Agts.,
Cor 18th st. and New York ave,
Washington D. G.
First class fare to Norfolk, Sd round trip, $6
Second class fare to Norfolk SD round trip S5
tnh l4-tf
ese MERCHANTS LINE NEW YORK
$500 STEAMSHIPS.
The line consists of the following hrst-class
outside steamers
+. G. KNIGHT Capt w. S. Johnson
JOHN GIBSON. .......".. Capt w. ii Winters
AND
VALLEY CITY ............... .......Cnpt. Bcdell
VIII leave New York EVERY SATU RDAY
for this port and, returning, will leuve Alexan
,lra EVERY FRIDAY, at y o clock.
All freight must be on the dock by IA. m.
For freight or passage apply to
HOOE, WEDDERBURN & CO.
Agents. No. 2 Prince street.
Agents in New York,
GEO. B. MERRICK,
ap20 226 South ST., Pier No. 80 East river
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1872-02-28

TNHOMAS PERRY,
GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANT
AND AGENT FOR
MAGNUM BONUM AND BAUGH;S
RAW BONE PHOSPHATE,
No II King street. Alexandria, Va. :,
Particular attention given to the sale Of all
kinds Of Country Produce, and filling orders for
Guano, Plaster, Farming Implements, Seeds,
Groceries,. Fish, Salt, Lime, SC, at lowest
market rates. aug 81 If
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1872-02-28

d D. GOULD W. e. wILKENIEG
TOULD s. WILkENING,
" (Successor to w. +. Henderson,
GROCERY, LIQUOR Sc GENERAL COM
MISSION MERCHANTS,
No 80 North Royal st.
Dealers in GROCERIES, TEAS, COFFEES,
SUGARS, WHISKY, BRANDl, WINES,
SCOTCH ALE, PORTER, sc.
Also, Eastern and Potomac SHAD, ER-
RING and MACkEREL.
Choice brands of SEGARS and TOBAt co
always on hand.
Strict attention paid to the sale of CoU NTKl
PRODUCE. Je lS-l
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1872-02-28

ANDRETH' WARRANTED FRESH
IL AND
GENUINE GARDEN SEEDS.
Just received large and varied assortment,
purchased exclusively from the above old and
reliable house, to which we invite the attention
of cur friends and customers.
JANNEY s. CO.,
feb II No. Ids King street
NOTICE Is HEREBY GIVEN, That ap phi
~ cation will be made to the Orange Alex
andria and Manassas Railroad Company for the
renewal of<CERTIFICATE No 3S4, for ten
shares of the capital stock Of said company,
dated 18th January, 1853, in the name of Charles
P. Howard-sad certificate having been lost or
mislaid. LEWIS B. WILLIAMS,
ia l2w2m Surv G. Elk. of Chas. P Howard.
OHEESE-l0 boxes prime Cheese just re-
~ ceived by
feb q j. c. MILBURN.
Dbl u pI1rnER IN a4o.a ana e.. ella hrr
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1872-02-28
H ~ M i -

ORANGE, ALEXANDRIA AND MAN
W ASSAS RAILROAD.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1872-02-28
Esg az z $780, 60 49, :.

Y3IASHINGTON u OHIO RAILROAD
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

Asrrperrs roR PorsoS Commercial
oil OF turpcntinc 10 good antidotc to
poisoning by phosphorus. The two sub
s'anaes form compound in the stomach
resembling spcrmaccti, and this can read
lily be removed from the system.
Landanum or other snodync is some
times taken by mistake or othsrwisc in
excess. Swallow strong coffee or the
whites of several eggs instantly All
these things are 70 be done while the doe
tor is coming. Let every family rcmem-
Der that sweet oil. the whites OF eggs and
strong coffee ntagonize larger number
of poisons than perhaps all other things
together.
If laudanum. or any other poison no,
burning the throat, is taken and is pr ompt.
ly discovered, the best plan is to get |,
out Of the stomach instantly. which is
done by stirring q tablespoonful of ground
mustard in a tumblcr of water, and drink
ing il down at once; almost before ii Is
down the whole contents Of the ston,ach
begin to be ejesied.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

GaArg VisEs.-The Ohio Farmey
speaks Of gentleman residing near Cin-
cinua,. who srys that for twenty Ave
years ii has been his practice to let grape
vines run on trees. and climb higher and
higher il they please. lie invariably hi1
large yield of grares. He declares thai
he feels considerably elated when ho con.
trasts his vines with those in his neigh
bors' vineyards While on enc Of his
vines there will be thousands Of bunche6
Of grapes without Eve minutes labor in .
year. those li,tlo pipe-stem vines tied .
stakes end requiring cdEs,ant caro- 6p}1
prodlce few bunches. WV
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
About Quioksilvsr.

One Of the most curious properties Of
quisksilvsr is ID sspabilisy u disselsisg,
or Of forming smalgams with other metals.
A sheet Of gold foil dropped into gpiek-
silver disappears almost % quisklt = .
spov-6sks Vhsp u falls iato water. Il
has The power Of sspsrasisg Of rssdily dis
solving those refractory metals which sro
not acted upon by our most powerful acids.
The gold and silver minsrs pour il into
their machines holding the powdered gotl-
bearing quartz, and although no human
eye can detect . trace Of precious sub-
stances, NJ 6ne arc the parsielea, get the
liquid metal will hunt il ont, end incor-
pors,e II into ito mass. By subssqusss
distillstion it yields Il into tho hands Of
the miners. in a state Of virgin purity
Several years ago, while lecturing before
a class Of ladies upon chemistry. We bad
occasion to purify scmo auiSksilver By
forcing II through chanois leather. The
scrap remaincd upon tho table after the
lecture. and an old lady. thinking Il would
bc very nice to wrap her gold speesacles
in. accordingly appropriated il to this pur-
pcse The next morning shc came to ~
IN great alarm. stating that the gold had
mysteriously disappeared. and nothing
was left but the glasses. Sure enough,
the metal remaining in the pores Of the
leather had amalgamatcd with the gold,
aud entirely destroyed tho spcctaclcs. II
was mystery. however. which we could
never explain to her satisfaction. .-Nich-
ols' Firesidc Science
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
Az EXCELLENT VAnSIsn ron HARygs:

AN EXCELLENT NAGSlsn FOR HARNESS
--Proccre half pound or G pornd of gum
sbellac, according TO the quantity desired !;
break the scales fine, and put them in n
jug or bottle add good alcohol sufficient
to cover the gum; cork tightly, and place
where it will be kept warm In abou,
two days, il shaken frequently. the gum
will be dissolved and ready for use. II
the liquid appears as thick as thin molas-
scs. add more alcohol. To one quart Of
sarnish add one ounce Of good lamp. black
and m ounce Of gum camphor. Such
yarnish will not render leather hard but
will keep the harness from becoming soak
ed with water, and tho surface clean and
neat for long time. A coat of il will
eifectually preveu. the oil in the leather
from soiliug ones hands. Nothing is bet
ter to render farmers boots water proof
than an occasional coat OF tits leather
varnish. Home Journal.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
Peas ere Of Egyptian origin. c

Peas ere of Egyptian origin. Celery
originated in Germany. The chestnut
came from Italy The onion originated
in Egypt. The nettle comes from Eu-
rope Tobacco is a native OF Virginia
The Citrou is n native OF Greece. The
pine is native Of America. Oats origi-
mated IN north Africa. Rye originally
came from Siberia. The poppy original.
ed in the East. The mulberry originated
in Persia. Parsley was first known in
Sardinia. Tho pear aud apple arc from
Europe. Spinach vas drst cultivated in
Arabia. The sunAowcr was brought from
Peru. The walnut and peach came from
Persia. The horse chestnut 10 a native Of
Thibet. The cucumber came from the
East Indies. The radish originated 10
China aud Japan. Potatoes and Indian
corn originated in America.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

HEALrH HIxrs. -Mirs Journal OF
Health gives this item. Both the brain
and the body of the young are feeble and
watcry, and capable of but little endu-
rance. Witness how soon little children
get tired Of one thing, even Of rest. The
mother is always complaining that she
can't keep Ler children quiet minute
put them at anything that they really de.
sire to do. aud before you know il they
will be of at something else it is because
no organ of the brain, no muscle Of the
body, is strong enough Tor exertion, ex-
cept for very short time. Hence both
brain and muscle should be alternated
frequently the overwork Of one is as un-
philosophical aud as criminal as the over
work Of the other.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
Popular Wlistfllanp.
About Carrier Pigeons.

In Holland and Belgium great deal Of
attention IL paid TO pigeons. and yearly
exhibition at Antwerp does much 10 foster
and encourage the breeding and training Of
them. There is, in fact. or was, in tha,
city. society Of pigeon fancicrs; aud at
their annual competition ip 1919 an in-
tcresting trial came of, which has been
handed down to US. A pigeon belonging
there, was conveyed TO London and thrown
up when |. immediately few away back to
its home, returning in six hours distance
Of hundred and eighty milea. measured
in straight line.
The pigeons used officially in France
during the late war ore said to have ex-
cecded this rate considerably. travelling at
the rate of nearly forty miles nm hour.
by what intuitive principle the bird is
guided shen it is thrown up aud immeli-
ately, after soaring to an immense height,
makes for its home, il is Of course impos-
siblc to say. The pigeon is not the only
animal whish possesses this peculiar pow
er Of finding its way back from a long dis
tancc to the spot il has previously left
Dogs, eats, cows. horses. foxes aud many
kinds of birds have done this ayen by
route never before ,rayersed, and indeed
the migration oe birds Of passage to for
eign clmes is u no les3 remarkable exer.
else Of this faculty than any Of the others.
The subject has for ages deeply interested
naturalists, who have endeavored to ex-
plain in various ways how these feats are
performed. But the problem still remains
anl, I'D ala -. l..
been started upop ii; and the only con.
clusiou ut which we can arrive, is this !:
that Providence has bestowed upon certain
birds anu animals an instinct, which, as
We do not possess it, We can never under
stand.
1t seems clear that the desire for food
and its attachment to the place of its
birth-or, more particularly, to the spot
where it is bringing up its young ARE the
means by which the capacities Of the pi-
geon are made useful to man for il is al
ways to carry the bird away from one or
the other Of these places before it is sen,
on an errand. aud to no other will it re-
| turn when left to itself But BY what
landmarks its course is directed, ii, as is
generally supposed. the sight is the sense
Of frst Importance in these journeys. is to
Us utterly unknown. la short distances
We can very well understand that the keen
eye-sight OF the bird might be sufficient
to enable il to dcscry its destination but
il can scarcely be believed that. however
powerful their vision may be. however far
| seeing their eyes, these birds can sec for
hundreds Of miles, over mountains and
hills, forests and seas, to the end Of the
journey on which they are bound 1t is
well.known that = pigeon cannot UNDER
take journey by night. and also that
fog greatly endnngers the success Of its
mission; apd from this il seems evident
that keen sight is an essential element in
its aight.-Cdsseirs afayasipe.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
Sheep as Weed EyterminstUrs.

It may not be known to farmers n
general, that it is common practice ID
some parts Of the country to turn sheep
into tho potato field. for the purpose of
eating down the weeds. The shoep win
not tdpch the potato zine. This pastar.
ing with sheep is advantageous, when the
crop is late planted one, so that the hoe
ing cannot be completed until aftcr the
haying or harvesting is flushed. At tho
growing season !, is the farmer's aim %
keep down the grass aud weeds, so that
they may be covered by the cultivator and
hoe. when these are used. Pasturing
with sheep will attain this object. EARLY
planted crops, the cultivation Of which y
completed in the carly par, Of the summer.
frequently become grassy and weedy. be.
fore the time Of digging. when the size q
the tops precludes cultivation. In thi9
stage the sheep are economical wccders.
1t is hardly necessary to mention that the
feed thus given to the sheep. makes :
double profit, inasnuch as it costs sbso-
lutely nothing, while labor is saved. and
weeds prevented from seeding
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
Amesisaa Grapes.

A eerssspendsal u ~ Dsslsa Apscts-
tor, after late trip through The yins
growing couatsies Of 1urops. b eeuvi1ded
that American graps-grovsss tblloy TOO
sesvilely the process oe 1ssspsau eilture.
Il 10 we'll knovu that lhs EuSopsss gsspes
can be grown upon this eontinsnt only On
the Pacific slope. where the climatic con-
diticns resemble those of the western
coast Of the Eastern eootinsnt. Our ma
tive grapes bsing adapted 70 ~ entirely
different class Of conditions. wsald nssar-
ally ks expected to require . di6isrsnt
treatment. Our excessive pruning. for
example. ID thought BY many 70 ssri6usiy
cripple the produesivs power of Anerjsan
grapes. TO test this nsttss fbr hiasslf.
tho writer ip the Spectator commsscsd 10
vary the tre3tmcns Of his own grsves
from the imported methods. He nov
raises bic tFelises 10 the 6sjsht Of twelve
feet, and trains bic vines 30 - % produes
the heaviest itaitsgs q ~ TOP oe ~
trellises. He finds thss thsir slsystion
above the ground. spd sqbssqSsnt greater
exposure q tks spuS riijys, 5Geuiss them
from rot and nilasw. Whils thess dis
eases, with lesf-blight aud tendency si
fruit to bursting. affect 70 . considerable
extent. the vipyards Of bic neighbors he
is entirely without annoyance on that
score. ''''
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
1hs 1It r. !, : e..
Fed 4 lluIIls.

"a z.ff
There u nutrimcnt ~ theo 81 toG \.
rocks. Soil IN Which they 80 = -
ssntially iothisg mors sh6a pGlvefl14
stones, wisA whish dssonpGslol{ su1u1G19'
natasr is mixsa. BY bsise - ss1oo1o1
potash. lime. phosphstes end uaay -so4e y
elements in them are sst ffee. -:
posurs to air, falling rain drope.. ltss3l4k
and thavins sItstnaseiy, btsa6se slGeV
agencies in nasure. thoss ssles ssS ubopuoes
Cd. and being dissolved 10 vatss ssstes6 !
absorbed BY roots, 3pd vegetation Y tb9a !
nourishsd. Tbs kpory q de Gsility q
mahurss d simply supplying aPpeopsians
food to plants IL greater sbuadasec d.
is sttainsblc BY them in places in whigk
their proper alimcut has been sxhaaseb4
By sontinaed cslsurs. Ashes, dss1yl6Ss n
wood. bark, Straw, hssks. sAoss, bGod1sa
lesves. muck, cad. in short, wha1esef -,
pcrishsble " deeon,bosiiicp, yisjds 'eome.
thing on which hungry plants eia' -
luxurioqsly. Therctsrs ssvs svesytkt93
Of the kind fer' that purpose. witSe6s
prastical economy in that WY. thss9 ls"'
neither thrift ON farm Or fsll eassssD ira
Ausunn. That which 10 soal ts-dsy ~ 1
enter into new relations to-morrow. Onsa /.
II was tree. an animal. palaee. Or PR,
haps floating In the atmosphere. Msttee
is never st rest, but psspethahy sssGhAi1t
nov apd dixcIsi6ed fosms. sFNl
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

FooLscAP PApER.-The term foolscap
to designate a certain kind of paper. NC
doubt has puzzled many an enquirer
The origin is not only amusing but his.
torical. Charles I. of England granted
numerous monopolics for the support Of
the government. Among others was the
maupfao,ure of paper. The watermark
Of the finest sort vas the roynl arms ol
England. The consumption Of this ar
sicle vas great, aud large fortunes we're
made by those who had purchased the
exclusive right to vend IT, This, among
other monopol;es, was set aside BY the
Parliament that brought Charles I. 10
the seatFold; aud BY way Of showing their
contempt for tho King. they ordered the
royal arms to be taken from the paper,
and fool With bis cap and bells to be
substituted. II 10 now sver tso hundred
years since the fcolscsp vas taken from
the pnper, but still .he paper Of the size
which the Rump Parliament ordered 70,
their journals bears the name Of tho water.
mark placed there as indiguity to Charles.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
$tlett poetrp.
~ Ms MiAiiaesn Ttusserips.
An Old Satire on Disooutsnt.

Str Ms k'diiao~n Tusseript.
An Old Satire on Discsntsnt.
rRAxaArsp ssox rmx LAr1x % noaAca. ]
We always grumble at our iot,
Yearnine for something that is gof--
We chafs and fret at our estatg,
Asd call our Hsighbors' fortune great.
The merchant suhders at each gale,
Drcading twill strike his distant sail
Envics the worn-out soldiers sase,,
Rssir'd from toll beyond the ssas.
Who visws his steres with many sigh,
Aad cries aloud, "Oh. why not IT,
The lawyer, rous by clients knock
A. carly dawn, starts st the shock
. Give me- says he tho ploughman's slcep
No more these vigils will keep
city seems the debtors woe"
Cries one pursued BY bailif--foc.
No miser thinks his pile so high
Like Tautaius, he's erer drs,
by heirs, his toll Is all despis'd,
And wasted what ho fondly priced
TownsRen grow thin for want Of air;
Esn1i consumes the city "fair,"
Whatever way our footsteps pass,
We thus see man, as In giass. q.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

PnosrnoRrs ~ THE EoDY. OF phos-
phoras every adul; person carries abou.
with him in his body enough llt pounds)
to make at least four thousand Of the
ordinary two-cent packages of friction
matches but be does not have quite sui
phrr enough to complete that quantity Of
the little infendinry combustible. This
phosphorus exists in the bones aud in the
brain, and is ono Of the mos. important
constituents in the body. Every school
boy is acquainted with those strange met.
ais, sodium aud potassium. for be has
seen them flash into brilliant fame when
thrown upon water. The body contains
two and quarter ounces Of tho former
and a bnlf ounce Of the latter metal; O.
nough for all needed experimental pur-
poses in the schools of large city. The
twelve grains Of magnesium would be
ample in quantity to form the +" silver
rain for dozen rockets. or enough to
create light Which, under favorable con-
ditions, could be seen for distance Of
twenty miles .-Firea,ie Scissce.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

ISrEREsri*s to tARygBs.--A series Of
experiments, Instituted to test the ayerngo
loss in weight by drying. shows that corn
loses one fifth, and wheat one-fourtseuth
by the process. From this the statemsne
is made tha, farmers will male more bi
selling upshelled corn in the fs!l d ieyen-
ty-6ve cents than the following summer
at one dollar bushel. aud that wheat a
Sl.32 in December is equal to $3.50 fcs
the same wheat in the June following
This estimate is made on the basis Of IL.
terest at seven per cent. and takes no ae-
cornt Of loss from depreda,ions Of vermin.
These facts are worthy Of consideration.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

An orator, in appealing to the " bone
and sinew.' said: My friends, | am
proud to see around me tonight the hardy
yeomanry Of the land. for love the agri-
cultural interests Of the country; aud
we'll may love them fellow -csizens, for
was born q farmer the happicst days ol
my youth we're spent in the peaceful avo-
cations Of sou Of The sell II may be
allowed to use fgurative expression, my
friends, may say | vas born between
two rows Of corn" A pumpkin. by
thunder exclsimed an nebriated chap
just in front Of the stage.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
@a aad Iamer.

Csuss Jsxs.-Tve practical jokers in
? Virginia teXp we're len in charge ol
While he namnas snjoyed . dance.
changed the eloshss Of the little darliugs,
and srrsysd each one in strange habili-
ments. The mothers, stter IN hour or 90
Of devotion g Tsrpsichorean delights,
took thsir bsby vssthsnis and the dsa.
% .heir ri.psstivs aad oAes happy homes
On prspasiRg The litsls ones for the crib,
ssxss bad shaagsd--girls we're bays and
boys girls--aad With one universal yell
the oltrsged materials Get ont on . baby
hunt. a lat accounts, almost an had
succeeded 10 recovering the lost heirs
bat the wsss tesp ont o. the way Of shoss
matrous ~ mueh - possible.
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29
soMs ANCIENT D,scoyus,rs,-A ]

SoMs ANCIENT DlscoysRiss. Jew
ish rabbi in Richmond writes to the Dis-
patch that the lightning rod Of our times
was known ip the thirteenth century. and
quotes from york extant ip 1891 the
following: If you want to prevent the
thunders from destroying your castle. theu
put on your roof metal wires. and il will
be saved" But more remarkable 10 this
abort the telegraph. which Jewish exils
from Spain in l402 wrote; I'VE have
good proof (for an invisible coupsetiou) ia
tho magnet stone. II you break this
stone into two parts (positivs ssd nsea-
tivs). and you lay ono piit ou oas s5ds
and the other on the Other side, even that
they are separate BY e virs Of } iron. then
every movement which yen usks % ess
side win be Visible on ths other in ths
same movement"
Middletown transcript., 1872-06-29

A CosrRAsr AND A MoRAL.-A greater
contrast cannot be imagined than hard
faced. close-fsted. sagaciou. man Of mon
ey and what is called fast young man.
When old Money bags, plodding to his
counting room, meets one Of .hese young
swells, perhaps driving fpe horses, q ci-
gar IN his mouth, aad other insignia Of
young bloods sbou. him. he feels q con.
tempt for him tina, language is inadequate
to express. He considers him the great
est fool in the world--not because be is a
prohigate sinner-but because he is throy
ing away money and time in such an an
profitable way. The only consolation he
has in the srcetacle is the suggestion i,
makes Of his own superior wisdom. Yet
he is as great fool in his own fashion as
the other How did the f,st youth obtain
the cash he is scattering about so lavishly
From some old father, who had made gold
his god, like old Money Bags, only to
have his deity chopped into currcn. coin
by bis children. He layeth up riches and
knowe.h not who shall gather them