The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-08-03
DOCTOR uVISGSfoNE's DISCOVERIES

stanley's Story from Livinsstone and ITS
. Hard Nut, which Charles Beke Helps
Him To Crack.
number Of letters have lately appeared in the
London Times questioning the accounts fur
nished Mr. Stanley, the HERALD's African cor
respondent, by Doctor Livingstone himself, re-
garding the rivers OF Central Africa and the
true source Of the Nile. The latest We have seen
appeared in the London Times OF the I'D ut., and
was from the pen OF the Earl OF Winchelsea. The
noble Earl is puzzled about the geography, but,
generous enough, Charles Beke comes to His Lord
ships assistance, and, in the next days issue OF
the same paper, helps him to crack the nut he
found so hard
THE EARL OF wINcHELsEA AND NoTTiNGHAM's
LETTER.
Unless rivers run uphill in Africa, what becomes
OF the tale which Mr.. Stanley has put into Dr. Liv
ingstones mouth The level OF Lake Tanganytka
Is S04 feet above the level Of the sea- that OF the
Victoria NyanZa TAO feet and that OF the Albert Ny
ANA 24S8 feet so, unless the Chambesi be prepared
to make an ascent OF 6s4 feet, under its new name
OF the Luaaba, 1t cannot enter the Albert Nyanza
IT. then, these rivers be the head waters OF the Nile
there must be a channel ceaving the Mountains Of
the Albert Nyanza to the right, they fall into the
"Bahr ell Abiad." This, think Will be too hard q
nut for any geosrapher to crack. But is there
to be the case that DR.. Livingstone has
point within $50 miles Of the Albert Nyanza what
is to hinder the river from turning sharp on TO the
westward In which case u will be the head
waters of the Congo not the Nile, which DIR. Living.
stone has discovered II should be remembered
that in very old maps the Congo and Nile are both
the one flowing to the west. the other TO- me
north. Now, should the Lualaba run WITHIN $50
miles of that inland sea- It may Wen account ior Inc
which, after ALL will be found to be very near the
truth. The Luaaha by this course would reach the
sea at One-third OF the proposed distance; and
after all nearly as great body OF water must be
required TO feed the Congo as the Nile, for the
Congo is BY far the greatest river In Africa next to
the Nile, IT. indeed, ii be not the larger OF the two.
WlNCHELSEA AND NOTTINGHAM.
CHARLES BEKE's ANSWER,
With your permission will endeavOr to show
that the Earl OF Wipchelsea's geographical nut Is
not quite so hard TO crack as his Iordship sup
poses. In order to do this must first correctly
state the facts of the case which are as follows
to he the lower course, runs through
IAN elevated region which is from 5000 TO
ingstonc's letter in the Times OF November 10. 1892
The probable elevation OF Lake Tanganylka Is
2s4i instead OF 1874 feet, there having been an er-
ror in Captain Speke's measurement (see Atten0'une
of June II, 1S70) the elevation OF the Albert
Nyanza, as re-cOmputed, Is $500 instead or 2,'20
feet ttbtdD The Mountains OF the Moon do not
run across the Continent OF Africa from east to
west, as shown in the ordinary maps. but are
meridional range, of which the snowy Kilimanlaro
hcuu 10TH pdftS (Sec tHe INIfS VI fztH vi FtU-
ruary last and the reference there. Such being
the facts it is manifest that If the Chambez or Lu
a!aba actually ran into Tanganyika, and thence into
the Albert Nyanza 1t would not have any uphill work
To perform, bnt might take its course uninter-
y to Gyp Gn aye asady
not @ WITH the Ne o the its
north end flow into and not out of 1t. Be-
sides which, there is every reason for re-
Chad and the Caspian Sea. It's waters "cor-
rode metal and leather with exceptional power"
which proves that they are impregnated with an
alkali most probably carbonate Of soda, OF which
salt the plains to the west of Kilimanaro are ''cov
cred with thick layers" as stated by DR.. Kirk in his
on the I'D OF April last. TO Lord Wnchelseas
contention in common with the late Sir Roderick
Murchison, Mr.. Keith Johnston and other geogra-
Pliers, that the Chambezi is the head OF the
Congo, 1t would occupy too much valuable space in
your columns TO reply in detail must, there.
fore. content myself with referring to what
said in No "a OF Nature on May g. 1870, on the
subject of this river which its explorer, Captain
Inckey, described as a comparative brook,
notion of ancient geographers, as represented
on the maps Of the sixteenth and seventeenth cen
turtles, that the Nile, Congo and other large rivers
OF Africa issue from great lake. 1t Is one that can
not he seriously advocated. 1t Is contrary to
nature, and it evidently arose from a misap-
rivers OF Paradise, described in Genesis H.,
l0:-"A river went out OF Eden TO water
the garden and from thence 1t was parted,
and became into four heads;' the true construction
of which text is as has been argued by the AstrOn
omer ROYAL as well as by myself tsee At,,enguDi
OF October % and November s. 1870, that the four
rivers named by the sacred historian all
rose the same watershed and issued
rom one great hvdroDhWact,nn. And in like
Of the 18th inst, when speaking OF the great water
she'd of Southern Africa. where DR.. Livingstone, as
ong ago as February, 1884, found the streams from
The watery plain about Lake Dilo.o running north
ward to the kassar. or Nile. and south
ward to the Zambesi-the great hpiroDhy-
dcium of Africa, that singular spot where
the fountain heads not only OF these
two large rivers. hut likewise those Of the Congo.
the Cuanza, and the Cunone OF the West coast, and
Of the Quito running SOUTH is in the vast untrOdden
forests Of Olo-Vihenda and kbokOe, which clothe
the Mossamba range OF mountains, situate about
couple of hundred miles further west than Lake
Diloo. and within 300 miles OF the eastern shore OF
the Atlantic Ocean. CHARLES BEKE.
REIGATE July -.
Sta nley's Departure from Zanzibar-The
Supplies He Forw q rdcd to Livingstone
DIR. Kirk Charged with Remissness
and ~ Native Zanzibar Firm Accused
Of Peculation and slave Dealing.
The Bombay papers received yesterday morning
contain letters from Zanzibar which mention
several incidents connected with Mr. Stanley's dis
covery of DR.. Livingstone. The correspondent Of the
Times, OF India, writing from Zanzibar the 10th OF
Nav, says:-..Messrs. Stanley, Hem, New aud Nor
caro- sailed for seychelles on the 18th en- route for
Europe in the screw steamer star, Messrs. w.
Oswald Co. Mr. Stanley, with his usual activity,
chartered the steamer. Two days before leaving
Mr.. Stanley despatched men and supplies TO DR..
Livingstone, who awaits them at Unyanyembe. Mr..
Stanley was very anxious TO go to Bagamoyo to
start the party and accompany them for one days
march, when they would be sure to go on : but he
was unable TO do so without being detained for one
month longer in Zanzibar or Seychelles. The head
native employee in the American Consulate went
TO Bagamovo for this purpose, and in the event
OF difiiculty occurring, arrangements were made
for insuring the forwarding OF the relief eXpedi-
tlOn with all despatch. Heavy rains still con-
time, and the country to the west OF Bagamoyo
may be impossible. Mr.. Stanley has sent the sup
plies in charge Of an Arab, along with tfty-seven
men, well armed, and in light, marching order.
These men will be at the disposal OF the Doctor.
being under engagement TO that effect. Since