davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

A. i~-,. 49, ..~Ak~~:e-.i. c->-A ~..Ss
Wilson meeting was held ut Dubuque
last Friday evening and steps taken
for the formation of . Grant Club.
The call was signe'l by over six hun
dred leading Republicans.
Twice did the Waterman at Fairfield
save the lifeof q stranger recently, the
latter being determined to commit
temporary insanity by laying down on
the track in front Of an approaching
train. At last the exasperated rescuer
soundly kicked the would-be suicide,
and the latter desis:ed from his pur-
pose.
"Vcry well, sir" said a Democrat,
last week, ''as my party has finally
confessed that Republican ideas are
right, and Republican amendments Of
the Constitution and Republican leg
islation are to be maintained, / will
go for Grant, who carried these ideas,
amendments and laws to success
Hon. Jesse Black, ex-Attorney Gen.
eral, and one Of the most prominent
Democrats in the country, says: "Oi
all the prominent men in the country
Horace Greeley is the only one who
lacks every single qualification for the
Presidency"
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

which he intends to make hrst and
foremost subservient to the local inter.
ests Of the town and vicinity, but
which will be Republican In its poll.
tics. We know something Of the local
pride and general "get up" Of the
Clarence people and feel confident Mr..
G. will meet In his new undertaking
the sympathy and support which are
equivalent to success.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

THAT HAcK.-It appears "a slight
mistake" has yet been made In regard
to Hibbard's new Stanwood and Tip.
ton hack. Before, however, all the
information which We now have on
the subject came to light, we began To
be seriously oppressed with the vast
ness Of the subject in general, and the
importance Of handling it correctly In
particular. First, We were informed
by our Stanwood correspondent that
the hack was built by Messrs. Jackson
Bros. of that place then comes Dave
Evans to say he remoddled the seats
and put up the top frame; then Mr..
Mahany is alleged to have done the
iron work on seats and top; then Mr..
Neiman and Mr.. Zeitler rise to say
that they had nothing to do with 1t ;
and a. for 10 Swineheart, as he had
nothing to say, we may safely con-
clude that the statement that he did
the trimming and painting was . cor
rect one.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

NEW PAPER AT CLARENcE.-The
enterprising citizens and business men
Of Clarence do not propose Deing with
out local paper, and therefore saw to
II that the printing Office sold there
Tuesday passed into such hands as
would insure its continued stay at that
place. The Office was purchased by
Mr.. d. w. Carothers, an old and high
~ esteemed citizen Of Clarence, who
will at once commence the publication
then of The Clarence Weekly NcsCs,
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25
FROM WILTON.

Rain seems to be coming down
pretty lively now days. The farm
ers round about here thought that
they were going to have q dry har-
vest, but ! think they have changed
their opinion by the way the rain
keeps pouring down. Many fields Of
grain are ready for the sickle. Many
Of the farmers have got through
stacking their barley. Times are very
dull in our town nowadays.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

BUSINESS CHANGE.-On Thursday
of last week bargain was consumma.
ted by which Mr.. w. Lewis dis
posed of all his interest in the gro.
Gerry firm OF Alden & Lewis to bis
partner, Mr.. w. II. Alden, by whom
the flourishing business will continue
to be conducted.
Mr.. Lewis, we are very sorry to
learn, will no longer make Upton his
home, going to Lake City, Calhoun
Co. Immediately. Mr.. l.. has only
resided here short time, but has
made many friends as genial gentle
man and an enterprising business
man, who, while regretting his depar-
lure, will send with him homes. wishes
for his future success.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

CLARENCE INDEPENDENT The Ce-
dar county paper known thusly Is no
more. Started at Stanwood as a Re-
publican sheet, after not particularly
glorious career Of something less than
year, it removed to Clarence and be-
came independent" with strong
Greeley tendencies, the latter continu.
ing to increase at the expense of its
independence to the day OF its death,
which look place Tuesday, Sheriff
shearer officiating. 1t would not be
fair, however, to charge its untimely
demise wholly to its political proclivi.
ties. There were other disabilities and
chronic disease which it will not be
necessary to enumerate or mention
LET the dead and the beautiful rest. "
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The Democrats Of Terre Haute
Ind) Congressional District met at
Spencer yesterday to select success
or to Dan Voorhees,. A few weeks
ago the eloquent Daniel swore by all
the Olympus gang he would never
support Greeley; but the tall sycamore
Of the Wabash has fallen. The lion
tanner is now in the roaring business
himself. He not only took the nomi-
nation gladly, but made q long speech
in direct opposition to what he said
in Congress and little later at Terre
Haute upon the Greeley madness.
His speech is capital reading for Lib
erals. He pronounces the Fifteenth
Amendment fraud, and makes nc
concealment of his extreme Bourbon
ism. His excuse for accepting Gree
ley is the belief that if elected he
would be under Democratic control
The argument which reconciles the
copperheads must stagger and drive
back such of the Liberals as have any
principles Of honor.-CM. Journal.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The following extract from q letter
from . gentleman in Western Iowa
to friend in Upton is handed us with
q request that it be given publicity:
sThe greatest change in the short
est space of time that ! can now call
to mind is that of Horace Greeley's
change from a Republican to Demo-
crat. In one week of seven days he
renounced that lifelong cherished
principle of protection, and accepted
. platform Of principles which were
the last will and testament of Glenn
ent L. Vallandigham, known in polit-
ical parlance as the New Departure
Oh! Horace, like Esau of old, thou
hast sold thy birthright.'
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25
An Item for Reformers.

From an official letter sent by the
Secretary Of the Treasury to banking
house in Europe we learn that the per
cent. Of losses to the Government In
the collection OF internal revenue since
March 8, 1869, has been less than one
fiftieth Of one per cent. of the amount
collected, or less than two dollars in
ten thousand dollars.
In the collection Of the customs for
the same time the loss has been $685.
600 out OF $3.50, 900, 900 or one two-hund-
redth part of one per cent, or some.
thing less than five dollars in every
one hundred thousand.
The loss to depositors through our
national banking system has been the
one hundredth and eighty-sixth part
Of one per cent, equivalent 20 five
dollars and three-eighths Of dollar in
every one hundred thousand.
The money entries an the books Of
the United States Treasurer, covering
time from June 80. 1861, to January
8, 1872, show the handsome sum of
fifty-five thousand millions dollars,
but of this vast amount the loss has
been about fifty-five thousand dollars,
or less than one ten-thousandth part
Of one per cent, or less than one dollar
in one million of money transactions.
How Is this for reform? Could hon.
est Horace improve the service or
make 1t more honest? Could his
friend and right-hand supporter in
Tammany, Bill Tweed, show better
financial exhibit II he had the finger
ing Of public funds? Who will give
US an official statement ofthe per cent.
Of losses in New York under the con-
troll Of Tweed & Co.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25
FROM HONEY GROVE.

VIM. Yetter while out hunting
cows late one evening came upon q
large crevice in the ground. The
young lad was bold enough to enter,
and at the distance Of ten feet from
the surface he captured four young
wolves.
The bear which caused great ex-
citement in this place has not been
heard Of since his first appearance.
July IL, ~. G. G. w.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

ANNALS OF Iowa for the current
quarter contains fully the usual guam
tity and quality Of reading. The
frontispiece is finely executed engra-
wing of 7. s. Parvin, Grand Secretary
of the Grand Lodge A. F. A. NJ, of
Iowa. Charles Negus continues Ear
ly Times in Iowa." Suel Foster con-
tributes history Of Muscatine, the
early settlements of northwestern
Iowa is chronicled, and histories Of
Van Buren and Pottawattomie coun-
ties given.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

In looking over the last issue Of the
Marion Register we find the following
paragraph:
1--WE are informed that the Chicago
Northwestern Railway Company have
contracted to build q branch from
Stanwood to Upton within the next
sixty days, using about five miles OF
the grade of the Muscatine, Upton
and Northwestern r. r."
II this IL the case, Upton will soon
have connection by rail with our city.
The county seat of Cedar is about
eight or nine miles directly south oil
Stanwood. or course, . movement OF
this character will have no agency in
preventing, or In any way antagoniz-
Ing the construction OF the South
western, the route OF which is directly
through Upton to Iowa City and
Oskaloosa. As the distance between
Stan wood and this city Is about two
miles greater than that between Clin-
ton and Upton direct, It will be seen
that the route along the Southwestern
will be about ten miles the shortest
Clinton Herald.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The Bar Room Remedy for weak
ness of the stomach Is dose of Rum
Bitters. They are surcharged with
Ftlsel OIL, deadly element, which is
rendered more active by the pungent
astringents with which IL Is combined.
Ifyour stomach is weak, or your liver
or bowels disordered, tone, strengthen
and regulate them with VINEGAR
BITTERs, q pure VEGETABLE SToM-
ACHIC, CORRECTIVE AND APERIENT,
free from alcohol, and capable Of in
fusing new vitality into your exhaust
ed and disordered system.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

There will be some difficulty ex-
perienced in New York In raising
funds for the Greeley campaign. Fisk
was shot last winter; Stokes will
probably be hung; McCunn the cor
rupt Judge, Is dead, and the rest Of
the Tammany thieves were all cleaned
out betting against Longfellow.
Morrissey lost $50. 900. How can be
contribute?
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

AS viii be seen by reference to an
advertisement in another column,
Messrs. Moore & Kemmerer have
removed their Sewing Machines and
Pianos and Organs to the Bagley
building, south Of Court House. Give
them a call,
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The AUGUST ALDINE IL as good as
. run into the country, and we should
not be surprised to learn that 1t hal
gained thousands of Subscribers emone
those who are tho busy to take sum.
mer jaunt. Perkins illustrations Of
the Raymondskill, for example, are the
finest pieces Of rural scenery that we
have ever seen in The Aldine. Bur-
ling's Blue Birds" is dainty bit oil
nature. Another glimpse of nature
not at all dainty-is Cary's "Old
Squaw Pounding Cherries . power
full realization OF the condition of wo-
man among the Indians.
There is capital Russian story,
+" Married in Snow-Storm, from the
Russian of Pushkin, by VIM. Perci-
val touching Spanish story, La
lalo," from the Spanish Of Fulgioso
by Helen s. Consnt Worse than
Small Pox," . bright and luminous
American story, by Lucy Ellen Gu
ernsey.
The subscription price 10 S. per an
mum, which includes an elegant oil
chrome, and the publishers are james
Sutton 4 Co., % Liberty st., N. Y.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

w. w. SANBoRN, Architect, Of Ly.
ons, Iowa, was in town Monday,
bringing with him the drawings,
plans, &c, for the new City Hall
building. Mr.. s. seems to have sue
ceeded in planning the building as to
elegance, convenience and utility to
the perfect satisfaction of all concern
ed, and when erected under his direc-
ton it cannot fail having all the quail
tiles indicated and being credit to it's
designer and the town in which il
stands.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

THE FAIR Of the Union District Ag-
ricultural Society this fall will be held
at its new grounds at West Liberty,
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday,
Sept. 25th, Goth and 9th. From q
nicely printed Premium List bearing
the imprint of the West Liberty En-
terprise, we learn that very liberal
and fairly arranged list Of premiums
are offered to competitors, pre-emi-
nently upon agricultural productions
and genuine farm stock, no undue
prominence being given to the fast
horse of any description.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The Premium List Of the North
eastern Iowa Agricultural Society If
received. rs second annual exhibi.
ton will be held at Postville, Sept. "a
IS, 26 and 9th, 1872. The premiums
are liberal and the scope of the list il
very great.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

AN important Convention OF school
officers is called by the County Super.
intendent in another column. The
object, as we understand, is to agree
upon a system of text books to be
made uniform throughout the county
in the public schools, with the idea o!
infrequent change thereafter.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

ORaANIzE.-A Republican, or Grant
and Wilson club is in order in Upton.
A large and lively one can easily be
formed If the iniatory steps be taken
by some one.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The Reliance Non-Explosiye At
lamp is . simple, cheap device, which
practically keeps the lamp full all the
time, and every one knows that full
lamp never was known to explode.
Call at A. Bagley's, where they are for
sale, and see them.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

THE TRANSATLANTIC for August is
very readable magazine. The con-
tents Of this periodical consist exclu-
sively of selections from the best cur
rent literature Of England. The pres
ent number contains articles from
C0rnhiN, Mdcmildn's and Cdsselps
magazines; Chambers Journal, Bel.
gracid, 81. Pdul's. &c. Yearly sub
scription, only $3.50. Address Ham.
ersly & Co., 7Ol Chestnut ST., Phila.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

REMovAL.-Drs. s. & +. l.. Ensign
have removed their Office to the front
room over Cobb & Wetzel's store,
where they may be found at all ONCE
hours when not professionally en-
gagged.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

THE ANNUAL FAIR of the Rock
Island County (Ill.) Agricultural So
ciety will be held at Rock Island tho
las. week in August. The Premium
List shows that very large and varied
premiums are offered with the inten-
ton Of making first class exhibition
in every respect. An auction sale will
be held on the last day for the benefit
of those wishing to sell stock or articles
after exhibitions.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

THOSE about to purchase furniture
should bear in mind that VIM. II.
Sutton, at .Our Corner" has large
assortment of the choicest kinds,
which he is selling at astonishingly
low prices.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

M.-Visited district No I, Miss
Craighead teacher; enrolled 35. pres.
emit Is house needs some repairing.
G. w. ROLLINS,
Co. Supt.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The recent formidable strikes of the
various labor crafts In New York city
and vicinity have entirely collapsed,
all the strikers having returned to
their work under the old arrangement.
after having lost much time and mon
ey, and subjected their employers to
even heavier loss by the temporary
suspension and reduction Of business.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

DRESS NAKING.-Mrs. Collar has
on hand all the latest styles Of Pat.
terms for Ladies' and Misses Dresses,
and is prepared to cut, fit and make
dresses and cloaks on short notice and
at reasonable prices. First dwelling
northwest of the Steam Mill. l4m3.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

CoMPLETED.-This week completes
the publication in this paper of all the
general laws passed at the last session
of the Legislature. Some less dry II
not more important reading matter
will hereafter fill the three or four COL
umns which have been devoted each
week for three months to Ed. Wright's
serial story.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

The Grand junction Headlight hears
Of man who agreed to give his wife
three dollars q week to maintain COM
parative silence, deducting one cent
for each superfiuous word she uttered.
She now owes him nearly enough to
pay the national debt.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

MERRITT INGMAN, who has been
making printer of himself by three
years. sojourn at Newton, returned
last week to his home In this place.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

Cassius NJ. Clay says: I'VE are
living under despotism." Reason :
Gen. Grant ordered him back from st.
Peterburg, where he was making an
ass OF himself and disgracing the
country.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

II Headache you would soon suppress.
Dyspepsia, Gout, and Biliousness.
Daily imbibe, and you win bless
Grab Orchard Salts that Efervescc.
Can be had ut the City Drug Store.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

NoTICE.-The new Atlas Of Cedar
County is nearly complete and will be
ready for delivery in q few weeks.
Subscribers please take notice.
TIPToN, June l, ~.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

MRS. WHITCoMB's SYRUP.-The
great soothing remedy. Price only 25
cents. Gives rest to the mother and
health to the child. Sold by Drug
gists. See advertisement. 37y1
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

A STRIKING evidence of the high es-
TEEN in which the Charter Oak Stoves
are held, Is the immense number of
them that are annually sold-2O, $50 In
1871!
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

MARRIAGE GUIDE.--Interesting work
numerous engravings, 24 pages.
Price so cents. Address DR.. Butts
Dispensary, IL North Eighth Street,
st. Louis, Mo: See advertisement.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25
BLANKS for teachers' reports can be
had at the City Drug Store.

THE campaign subscriptions to the
ADVERTISER continue to come In.
Remember, only SO cts to January
let, 1873.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25
... L. sTRYKER.
&C. SMITH,,
MAYNARD.

Democratic Mass Convention.
The Democrats OF Cedar County are re-
ouested to meet in Mass Convention at Tip
tor. Iowa. July q, 1877, ct O'Clock r. M, for
for the purpose OF selecting delegates TO the
state Convention, and TO transact such other
business 90 may be brought be60re II.
THOS KNOTT,
w. 81. SHARP,
II. c. pfATT.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

A pyANc-Nev and first class, war
ranted fully, may be obtained on very
favorable terms, both - regards prizes
and time of payment, BY inquiring q
his Office. It.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

We call attention to the card Of the
st. / 9uis Medicine Co.. q chartered in.
stitution; they offer Metropolitan
skill to ALL 37y1
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

BLANKs.-Jus tices', Lawyers and
Conveyancers' Blanks, improved
forms, plainly and neatly printed on
the best of paper, may be found at the
City Drug Store. tt.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25
Jhe Tiptou Adrtrtiser.

>.>~,>>>-o,>>>~~>,>.>s>~>>~ >>N>>s>>,>~>'S
Re Aayertisers..An transient And specia 10
col Notices, and transient Advertisements "us' "
paid for In advance to secureinsertion.
Editorial Notices or Advertisements ID 'ne Aecs'
columns will be charged 20 cents per hhe.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

SPEAKING SATURDAY.-In cOnnec-
ton with the Conventions next Sat
urday, public speaking is announced
Hon. D. C. Cloud and A. H. Kagy,
Esq, of Muscatine. orators. We un-
derstand that the gentlemen are good
speakers, aud feel that the selection
made to come out here In the wilder
ness aud superintend our double
barrelled Convention 10 eminently APP
propriate. Mr.. Kagy being an old line
Democrat will Of course look to the
printing of the Democratic barrel and
stand by the lanyard to pull 1t on al
the proper moment; and Mr.. Cloud. a
Liberal Republican who /" don't want
any Office" (oh no, of course not y can
with perfect propriety superintend the
discharge of the Liberal" load,
which it is very much feared by those
best informed will be inclined to hang
fire little. Let every one 60 and
hear these lights Of the new dispense
ton. The more honest men learn
about the greatest attempt at political
swindling which has transpired In
American politics. the less likely they
will be to do anything to assist 10 it,
81 ccess.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1872-07-25

Liberal Republican Mass Meet.
Ing.
The Liberal Republicans OF Cedar County
are requested to meet in Mass Convention at
Upton, on Saturday, July 9th, 1879, 1t one
O'Clock p. M, to select delegates to the state
Convention, and transact such other busi-
''' P.L. sTRYKER.
&c. SMITH,
J. MAYNARD.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1872-07-29
LOCAL MATTERS.

STRUCK WITH AN AKA colored
woman named Fanny Lewis, was struck
in the head with an AK this morning by
DR.. Benjamin f. Cosby, on whose premises
on Seventh street, near City Spring Park
she resides. The report spread all over
town that the woman was killed. The re-
port is premature. She is pretty badly
hurt, but the doctor says she will recover,
and be able to appear in court on Saturday
next. DR.. Cosby and the woman seem to
have become engaged in a general fight
about difficulty between two negro chill
dren, one belonging to Fanny and the other
in the employ of the doctor. The testimony
so far as it was elected upon question OF
bail, was conflicting, and we do not propose
to weigh it. DIR. Cosby received two or
three slight wounds from a knife, which
it is alleged Fanny Lewis had in her hand
during the fight, and was knocked down
with brick-bat thrown by her. In the
struggle about the yard he got hold of a
small ak, with short handle, and struck
her on the head. The woman was knocked
down and bled profusely, aud was thought
to be dead. She finally recovered consci-
BUSINESS, and on examination was found to
be not dangerously injured. The case was
continued until Saturday next for further
examination, when it is thought the injur-
ed party will be able to give in her testi-
mony. DR.. Cosby was allowed bail in the
sum of $500 for his appearance in court on
that day. ~