New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1872-07-11

Although il il nearly years since de Czoernigs pro
gramme of Industrial statistics received the sanction OF
Vienna Congress there is not single great hauon
which has as yet attempted Its application on large
scale Great Britain, Say the Committee, although she
ia the chief industrial country Of the world does not
nossess industrial statistics, properly soeaed She
contents herself with very detailed statistics OF occupa-
tions and with few accidental figures upon certain
branches Of industry brought out 10y the numerous Par
namentary inquiries. The manufacture of textile
fabrics alone, being subjected to certain sur
VIGILANCE on the part Of the inspectors Of factories
furnish annually, through these officials, to the
Board Of Trade precise information relative TO the mo-
tive powers in use and the number OF operatives csssed
by age and The Committee remark that the deco
NAL censuses Of the United States since 1851 have secuoo
sufficient number Of details upon the condition Oh aS
culture, commerce. and ndustry but they ada tna even
in the United states great confidence placed III inc
accuracy Of the information thus collected Inc POINTS
upon which the Committee think 1t desirable that tne
Congress Of St. Petersburg should take action are tne lo
lowing: l. The tracing Of very clear dein"Io"on We
tween the great industry Of factories ana o1ner eso
lshmens In which machinery is used on large scare,
the industry Of domestic manufactures dependent ana
independent, and the industry OF artisans ana
mechanics. O. A classification OF products ana
q nomenclature therefor. s. The drawing up
for each class Of industry Of list OF questions adapted
TO its technical elements but so arranged that inc cs
collected can be compared and totalzed Inc uNsion
of industrial statistics into two groups, VIZ: distinguish
ing such as should be collected annually from those 10
he taken at longer OF shorter intervals The prepare
ton Of detailed category upon the economic phys
and moral condition Of the workmen.
On the subject of mines and quarr,es the following
formuares were adopted by the Congress Of Brussels III
1853: !. Number OF mines and quarnes; thickness,
depth and character OF veins strata &c. Mechanical
processes OF extraction pumping and drainage ana ven
tilation g. Number OF workmen elassed by age =
Wages. 5. Quantities produced.
The following formulary adopted In relation to
metallurgy l. Number of establishments O. Methods
of treatment OF ores &c g. Motive powers. l. Number
OF workmen g. Wages G. Quantities produced. Suisse
quent sessions at Paris Vienna, London and the Hague
had the same subjects under consideration and adopted
various resolutions in regard to Them These however,
have not all in harmony with each other, and none
them have yet been generally put in practice Inc
Committee the opinion that the question of mining
statistics should up by the next Congress-
and such resolutions adopted as would be susceptible OF
application each State Many of the mines being under
the direct control Of the Government 1t would be com
paratively easy TO obtain fuller details in regard to them
than 10 other industries This is especially true IN re-
gard to the precious metals most Of the ores coal salt
&C. The rapid development of these industries appear
10 the Committee to require annual returns except upon
such points do vary much from year to year. AS
the dates Of opening and closing the seasons OF labor IN
mines, metallurgc establishments, &c, In dnerent
States do not coincide the Committee recommend to the
Congress comparison of these dates for the purpose OF
flying upon uniform term for statistical observations
STATISTICS OF COMMERCE AND OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE.
To the third section assigned the important SUD-
iects Of commercial statistics and postal relations
Among the most dent matters TO be dealt with under
this head is that Of fixing uniform nomenclature Tor
the leading articles OF commerce. without which 1t is
practically impossible arrive at results capable OF
comparison and totazaon respect either to internal
or external trade. Another matter Of equal difficulty
and Of equal importance is that OF obtaining the true
values Of merchandise, the value being the only thng
which can serve common demonstrators for Inherent
classes OF products, and so be used as basis OF
comparison between aggregates. The Committee refer
in this connection to the plan which some have proposed
OF adoptinz an official value which may be used as
basis OF computation through the period for which Is
fixed such value representing as nearly as possible the
mean value of each commodity. prominent place Is
given TO the statistics OF merchandise transported by
railways canals &C. The Congress Of Paris indicated
the following points as those upon which information
should be taken: /. Designation Of road. O. Length in
operation at a given date length worked during
the year. s. Total receipts. Merchandise transported
in tuns cereals and fours; wines vnegars and spirits
spices and colonial provisions; castings, irons ana
metals generally; coal and coke; building materials
manures. miscellaneous, total 5. Merchandise ex-
pressed by the head by the piece; horses, CATTLE
pigs, sheep, &c; miscellaneous total. G. other
not classed T. Total receipts from freight
Receipts for each kometer run by freight trains from
each of the classes of merchandise Percentage
of total receipts from freight for each of the same TO- Cd
servations The Congress Of Berlin issued eab-
crate classification, embracing the following commodi-
ties Wood for construction dye-woods coffee cereals,
coal and coke raw cotton undressed leather and hides
manufactured stus of all kinds iron castings and man
features of threads oils raw WOOL machines, ana parts
Of ores earths of all kinds, including cements. lead
rosins, sugars, tobacco, wines zinc sti more de-
tailed classification, embracing SO special denominations
of merchandise has since been adopted by AZ rail-
roads Of Germany with an aggregate length
of LASS geographical miles, % in the AusroHungarian
Empire with length OF 1l69 geographical miles, TWO IN
Russia with length OF c. and four in Switzerland with
length of Go geographical miles, making total OF 257
geographical miles, But neither the nomenclature
adopted by these roads that proposed by the Con-
ress Of Berlin considered by the Committee to be ex-
empt from serious defects. The latter Omits many ar
tlcs OF the first importance, such as SALT spirits OF
wne fax beer tea petroleum. paper. FISH, ana CATTLE
while IL includes articles which are OF only secondary
importance Another defect is that it includes all the
speces of grain under the single denomination Of cereals
whereas it is of great Importance from statistical
point of view, to distinguish them from each other.
An important step toward the adoption OF rational
nomenclature merchandise transported by railroads
was taken by the Conference for the establishment OF
statistical system for the Zolverein In 1870 this Con-
ference invited the railroads OF Germany to establish
central administration for the collection OF statistical
data relative 10 the movements OF merchandise In 1871
il adopted nomenclature for merchandise transported
on canals and navigable rivers, containing ll special
denominations AS is detailed than that adopted
Nv the aroads heretofore mentioned, it avoids many OF
its faults. Many articles Of merchandise which, in
the other nomenclature, are included under a
single DESTINATION IN this elassed sep
arately while a considerable number of very
important denominations have been added.
Thus instead Of the general denomination OF cereals We
find the different kinds specially named. It's the