The New York herald., 1872-11-06

After an hour en- route the began to sink below
nished clouds vanlted all that was visible within
our vast horizon OF sand, withering shrubs and
desert at sunset It Is more impressive than the
| sea- more than the prairie, more than the deep
gorge or lofty mountainit Is PLAIN Of unduanng @ n,
| Of day Is hushed; the cameis themselves cease to
| groan, and you are In vast unwalled, silent soil
I tude. During the months have spent In the
deserts OF Africa have come TO feel-relecting
| what might be termed moonlight sentimentaity
and youthful r0mance-that the life oil an Arab In
these distant wilds Is, perhaps the happiest on
earth His house has no root his SOIL no bound
wines sauces or salads Rarely ill., his only dish is
tinful Of tti0na, made OF corn pounded INTO
with his only garment sdrY Ave yards sSs Of
fashion OF the ancient Romans; his only weapons
lance and shield, his only bed the sand Thus bare
headed baref00ted, he endures the flaming winds OF
change Of nity degrees Of temperature without In
be an assistant alderman or United states
Senator, but only wishes 'stO be let alone" and
diary, his dozen sheep and his children, he can
select his own oasis for home his own sheik for
chief Such privileges are seldom enjoyed by the
We arrived at the first we'll Moorkbey, two hours
after sunset and there we began to experience
US several head OF cames. The servant, Said, OF NJ
Varsay had been thrown nom his camel and had
during during % the night It. Xnother domestic had also been
laid horizontally. The camel men were very uncOn-
cerned We found, to our SURPRISE that most OF our
water skins were leaky aud that half the water
had been lost IN q march or three hours we were
dlsmayed, and the more so because the deaths
route as high as fifty having perishcd at time.
Twelve hours Is the longest period that an adult
can survive without drinking during the terrible
heat OF this desert. Our water skins were repen-
shed from the bracksh waters OF the Natron wells,
and three O'Clock in the afternoon, during hot
days days The road continued col to lie along q broad
plain, being clearly defined by beaten track with
i ir0 Was sass' for pS' the cut Detwsen these two
elevations that we steered our course. On either
reed grass, found on ali the steppes OF this conti
nenr, and now and then leafless mim0sa,
The Thermometer showed ITO in the shade, and the
heat was insufrerape. After ride of six hours we
o the TO e
night. Again we experienced fresh fears that the
water would not last, because all the giybehs leaked
cOpiOusly. We had many attendants and camel
men, and all our thrOats were dry Despite all that
could be done the next morning found us with half
our water gone. UM IS
NILE AND RED SEA RAILROAD ROUTE.
UP to this point the ground had taken gentle
slope toward the Red Sea, and II was everywhere
perfect camel route. As afterwards iound, there
is nothing to prevent the vicerOy building rail
road from ,a Ber6er to suaku The DISTANCE Is 27o
Obliged to make but two cuts along this the short
est route. But the government seems to vacate
upon this point. The vicerOy wants railroad to
the SOudan but he is not settled upon the route it
must take. Years hence, when that grand future
which awaits the developments OF these mines OF
agricultural wealth shall have arrived, there will be
grand internal system OF rails and wires. Why not
begin with the Keel OF the yessel-wny make
roy pursue the only sensible course and build his
first grand railroad along the Ne-upon the very
banks OF the river. II he tries to span valleys and
deserts OF extreme size he will build line for an
express train, but not for way travel and trans
accommodating populations upon the banks OF the
main Nile, the Blue Nile, the White Nile, the Atb0ra,
de ahs 10 or nn .e % G
rents. The rail, therefore, should not cross from
Assouan to Berber; neither from Wady Hala to
shendy There is much talk OF the former because
several mines OF gold have been discovered near
latitude 20 North,, longitude 80 East. Yet no one
knows their value; and 1t is not probable that the
fortune seeker will wait for train OF to
duct him to the spot Gold has been worked at Sen
Ali BY the blacks but as yet il has made no one rich
The people in Lower Egypt seem to know the amaz-
ing wealth OF the Soudan, but they have no idea
how, In what manner and where to begin its devel-
Opmcnt
THE NEED or THE sOuDAN
Wherever the wire IL down the rail should fol-
low This is a general and In Africa a special
MAXIM
spect and report upon the country and their re-
searches have produced nothing but from what rea
son am unable to say. The truth Is the SOudan is
GROSSLY MIsGOvERNED.
There is not with European exceptions capa-
bic engineer; there Is not . pioneer genius; there
is not practical man in the whole country. This
is broad, but true. The energy, the hardiho6i and
boldness by means Of which vast empire has been
hewn out of the Forests Of America Is utterly un-
known here. There are some good men, honest
men. but when they advance new idea, one in the
interest Of the country they are ridiclled by the
stagnant voice Of the people. what then must the
VicerOy do for his Indiay Can he do anything Ger
tainly In twenty years, with vigorous and honest
administration, the cotton products OF the SOudan
will exceed those OF the United States. have been
very careful to observe the ofcials here who have
l have studied their administration, and know
almost every instance OF individual or Official
rrnption In the Soudan during the last few years.
What should be dOney
Elrst-Consoidate the nine provinces OF the Sou
dan under central government at Khartoum.
SecOnd--lnstead OF cOnfding the power to one
Pacha vest 1t in a council composed OF the fol-
lowing officials, who have been tried and found
faithful capable and zealous:-Hussein Bey, pres
ent Governor OF Berber; Adam Pacha General OF
the black troops OF khartoum; Moomtalzze Pacha,
Governor Of Khartoum; Munzinger Bey. Governor
a sub-bureau in each province; European tele
graph engineer, with q sub.bureau in each prov
ince; an American cotton cultivat0r and sugar
planter OF gsat experience, with several assistants
and a subbureaiI In each province. Let this COM
Of justice. bureau Of military and civil engineer
ing, place under Adam Pacha IA negro) all the
black tribes in the dOminiOns OF the VcerOy; place
tribes tribes from the Red Sea to Dariur; place under
partment OF justice and engineering; place under
Moomtaizze Pacha the administration OF the Nile
7ht,d-fhe viceroy shall formulate a code OF
laws for this commission. Robbing the govern
and Peope be that WV W to
business; and nogging is too salutary remedy to
be abolished.
Fouft1t--The viceroy should appoint an eminent
Minister for the Soudan; one who will come and
see the country and return to Cairo and organize
q department there. The man Tor this position Is
NJ de Lesseps, OF Suez Canal fame. General LOr-
ing, an American officer In the Egyptian service,
could also I'LL the position acceptably The COM
mission and the Minister for the S0udan should
always be OF accord, and no officer deposed in
Khartoum should be employed in the department
at Cairo. This is different now The consequence
is that all plans for progress are frustrated.
Ftnh-The local government Of each province
should be well organized but In no case should
officer above the grade Of major be appointed Gov
ernor and upon the slightest incapacity he should
be removed, and for dishonesty be shot. Pachas
pers0nages, and IL is dificult to remove per-
sOnage
lsiSah-Five out of seven should decide question,