The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1872-11-09
M'mhe ;Ear,tt.
The Situation and Building Proper for
Dairy.
Hrou, the American Stock Journal.


A dairy-house ought, if possible, to be so
arranged, that its lattices may never front
the south, southwest, south east, or west
A northern aspect is the best, and there
should be opening at each end the build
ing, in order to admit free current of air.
These lattices, which are in every respect
superior to glazed lights, may be covered
in summer with gauze wire, or oiled paper,
pasted on packthread stretched for that
purpose, so as to admit the light, whenever
it may be necessary to exclude the cold OF
wind.
The situation, for the sake of convent
ence, should be near the cow-house as we'll
as the farm house; but care should at the
same time be taken, that it is not exposed
to the effluvia Of the cow-house or stables,
or farm yard, as any bad scent might faint
the milk, and give unpleasant flavor to the
butter. 1t frequently happens that the
dairy adioins the COW house; in such case,
however, no communication should exist
between them.
If it can be so managed, it should be we'll
sheltered by trees OF by the situation of the
ground, on the north, the south, and the
east. The grand principle of its construc-
ton should be to preserve, as much as pos
sible, an equable temperature both IN
summer and in winter.
Where the produce of the dairy is the
main principal object of the farmer, little
extra expense in the construction of his
dairy-house will be ultimately more than
repaid by the superior quality of his butter
and cheese. The walls of the dairy-house
should be of considerable thickness, SO as
to preserve, as much as possible, the prop
er temperature varying from 500 to 55o
of Fahrenheit's thermometer. Some have
recommended double walls, leaving space
of one or two feet, Or more, between the
wall and lath and plaster. We should rec
omend the newly-invented hollow bricks
for the walls of diaries. These are less
liable to damp, from not being absorbent
the air inclosed within them gives them
this peculiarity-and retain a more equable
temperature within the wall by impeding
the transmission of heat or cold.
Where there is no natural spring, MIR.
Marshall advises that the walls should be
constructed six feet thick, one foot on the
inside to be of brick or stone, the outside
to be of sod, and the intermediate space to
be closely filled with earth. The roof,
which should be constructed of thatch,
should be at least three feet thick, aud
should project completely over the walls
on each side; and, as all these materials are
non-conductors of heat. he is of opinion,
that dairy thus built, would, if provided
with double doors, preserve the degree of
heat above mentioned, without any great
variation, throughout the year. If the
floor were sunk a few feet below the sur
face of the ground, an equal temperature
would be still farther ensured; but then it
should be strictly ascertained that the
ground is perfectly free from damp-dry-
ness and ventilation being the most i'm
portant objects in the construction of this
building. The dairy should be neatly
paved with stone, OF, if this cannot be pro-
cured, with red bricks or polished tiles laid
on a gentle declivity and the joining should
be we'll cemented together, lest any water
should stagnate. 1t Will also be proper
daily to wash the pavement during sum-
mer; but great care should be taken to dry
it Immediately, as damp rapidly promotes
the putrefacation, or turning, of the milk.
If small current of water could be con-
Quoted through the premises, by means of
pipe, and it could be so introduced as to
fall from some height on the pavement,
and run off in constant stream, it would
be of great advantage, as it would contrib
ute much to preserve the air continually
pure, fresh, and cool. Some writers on
diary husbandry have recommended the con-
struction of an ice-house adjoining the
diary, that the temperature may be pre-
vented from rising too high in the spring
or summer months.
As the greatest cleanliness is requisite in
the various departments of the dairy,
well-arranged building should have seper-
ate divisions in order that its business be
properly performed. A butter dairy
should comprise three distinct compart-
ments below, with lofts above; one for re-
ceiving the milk, another for performing
the operation of churning, and third for
containing and cleaning the various uten-
sis. For a cheese dairy, four rooms Will
be requisite, viz; milk room, as before,
fbor for l. nj inc the cheese
a third for sailing it, and fourth (Which
may be commodiously placed as loft over
the others for storing aud preserving them
until brought to market. The receiving
room, however, should not communicate
with the others by interior doors or win
dows, for the milk would be injured by the
heat and steam arising from them. An
open shed, formed by the projecting roof
of the building, will generally be found
sufficient to scour and dry the vessels in.-
The churning room should be provided
with boiler of dimensions suitable to the
number of cows kept; this will be employ
ed for warming water, milk, and whey,
and there should also be sufficient space
for the convenient performance Vi dll ehe
operations of the dairy, whether it is de-
voted to the manufacture of butter or
cheese.
SHEEP ON A POOR FARM.
Paul Durham sends the following exper-
fence as to the value of sheep on a poor
farm To the Southern Farm and Home: