The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-01-04
9 A N A D A.
Total Withdrawal Of English
Troops.
The Dominion Left to Its Own
Resources.
New British Colonial Policy In
augurated.
A New Army Organized Across the
Frontier.

u
pleted at the other side OF the st. Lawrence which
marks new era IN the history Of the Dominion
and mobiles materially Its relarIons with the mother
country. For the first time since the conquest OF
Canada the British possessions In North America
are LETT with hardly single soldier OF the imperial
army their SOIL Quebec, the Gibraltar OF America,
Is no longer garrisoned by troops OF the line; and
Halifax, one OF the most important positions on the
Continent for military purposes, has also been evac
uatea. These were the last two places turned over
to the colonial troops. The first battalion or the
Sixtieth Rifles marched out OF the fortresses sur.
Quebec en- rOae for home early last
month and the seventy eighth regiment embarked
at Halifax for Plymouth on the 10Th OF November.
Both corps have since arrived In Europe. With the
departure OF these troops the withdrawal Of the
mother country from military occupation Of the
Dominion Is completed. The abandonment OF bar
racks and the sale or expectation to England
OF stores are evidences that Canada Is now
left to her own resources for defence.
The ordnance In use has been handed over to the
local authorities, and other material disposed Of IN
the same manner. The policy now carried out 10
Its end was determined upon by the British Minis.
tiers when confederation was practically enectcd
four years ago IL was adopted in view OF estab.
fishing new kingdom on this Continent that might
be ruled at scme future time by one OF the Guelph
family aud It was therefore thought desirable to
place the colonies out OF leading strings. Besides
this, 1t had long been q matter OF dissatisfaction
with Englishmen when hearing oil tho prosperity OF
Canada that they should be compelled to pay for the
support OF soldiers for their defence, while, In fact
the colonies contributed nothing 10 the military
strength OF the empire. How far British troops IN
Canada would oe able to defend the country IN the
event OF invasion or attack which could only come
from the United States, was, perhaps, the main
point considered, ana, as Will be noticed, caused the
home authorities to steadily adhere to its policy of
withdrawal. However. there Is not at the present
moment platoon or imperial troops from one end
Uf the Dominion tO the other. On the lst of Decem
Der all the military departments were closed and
turned over TO The Colonial Adjutant General.
PRESENT MILITARY STRENGTH OF THE DOMINION.
The departure Of the troops has boon any thing
but agreeable to the coonists. In the first place 1t
Imposes heavyburden on the people to maintain
"a large military force, and, again, tho presence OF
eight or ten regiments, with the various establish
ments connected With the army service was OF UNI
questionable benefit to the country. The Canadians
now know that the defence Of their soil Is left solely
10 themselves, and 1t must be said that they have
shcted with great energy during the past twelve
months In recruiting ana organizing troops. The
active force consists Of twenty.seven troops OF
cavalry, ten aeld and seventy garrison batteries OF
Iartiery. tour companies Of engineers, $50 COM
ipauies Of rides and three marine companies mum
herring In all about forty-ive thousand officers and
men, while the reserve militia numbers Gl2, 500.
The schools Of military instruction have since their
Formation In 1868, turned out 100 cadets. oil OF
whom have passed their examination before boards
composed OF officers OF the regular army, 300 having
taken first class anu 1900 second class certificates
The barracks and forts, they have been evacu.
Rted by the line troops, received Dominion garri.
Sons, aud tho frontier posts have been occupied In
into ha tn dan fhnf oil
this warlike ana expensive military preparation
would not be made If the United States was not SO
near, and In this view OF the matter 1t Is rather
amusing than otherwise. The Canadians have not
yet shown much prowess on the field, for the reason
campaigns the United states forces behind dld as
much To secure victory as the Canadian volunteers
IN front.
POWER TO RESIST INVASION,
Some OF the English papers thlnk that the disrup.
the mother county is keony felt 1t is stated that
q feeling OF nervousness ana hesitation, which natu
rally anects new country with sparse population
when It Is hidden to embark on o career OF inde-
Rondence, seltgovernment and sefdeience.
plunge into new duties and responsibilities
y IS thought, must cause alarm and anxiety, but
are iully equal to hold their own against all corners,
Including Inc United states. The result OF our
great civi war taught tile British army authorities
That Canada, with It's enormous heightened iron.
llcr, exposed throughout It's whole length 10 the at
with success by British arms in1he event of war. A
Canadian writer takes issue ON tnl5 point and
whole power Of the United STATES. caaada. IL Is
sad, numbers more nghting than did the Con.
1ederale States her population poor, hardler and
more united; her climate tenold more severe and
more destructive OF military operations. She pos.
eesses, besides, 10000 OF The hardest seamen In the
world. Yet the South. they say unaded and with
no maritime force, prolonged the war Tor four
years. With England for an any Canada
could fight and WIN The colonsts are reluctant to
believe that tho tenure OF The national life OF
Canada depends upon the lorbearance or
that condition without struggle II even strux.
gle DO single-handed. Notwithstanding this tall
talking the Canadians are Obliged TO admit that tine
best safeguard against The advent OF tue trial would
be the knowledge that tho struggle, II II comes
would not be with Canada alone, O1l with the whole
power OF Great Britain. The London Times Init.
mates tnat the difficulties OF defence are almost IN
surmountable and the removal OF Imperial troops is
absolute and final, even In case OF war. That paper
remarks that politicians or every shade OF opinion,
are agreed that ''the Canadian frontier could not be
protected against invasion rom tue side OF the
United States 10y any which England could pos
sibly send across the Atlantic to repel the agrees
Eors" The only hope oil security Tor Canada EVIL
6enty lies, IL Is believed Ia Great Britain 10 the
organization OF q national force in the colonyj
past, that sucn force would never be organ.
lied as long as, Great Britain maptained
Oe ssg IL p Sae, Hs As Views
Expressed IN the leading journal, other writers dis
om Se parent state Sir onaes 1se who
pas become so prominent In the republican move.
4nent II England, remarked 10 lsd9.-"For the pur.
pose OF reinforcement, emigration and supply at
distance OF not less than twenty thousand miles
from home the Pacific colonies can scarcely be con.
sldered strong In Their allegiance TO the crown"
The Canadians, n0tw Outstanding their boosted min.
tarY strength, are not favorable to separation, and
on the whole deeply regret the departure OF the red.
kOats rOn their country.
FIRST CANADIAN TROOPS ORGANIZER.
II appears that previous 10 1862 the imperial gov
ernmeit discouraged the creation OF any local body
whether military or naval, as being needless and
calculated TO give umorage to the United States. In
1854, during the Crtmean war, the English troops,
almost to man, we're Withdrawn from Canada and
IN arrangement was made under which the
colonial authorities raised md maintained
IN active force OF 5000 men, In addition
10 the ordinary militia OF the country.
Fnis force was July adequate 70 the maintenance
bf internal uanquIllitythe object for which II was
falsad. But during the prOgress OF the Russian war