New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1872-09-05

(iNfiz
The wear i772 but certainly the dnere1Se u no %
arts i'm either of these countries, at the
former OF the two periods compared anu Nv inc pee
iDUsTRr
o.0 ,r,srances 20 the evidences OF high state OF
vilization existing along with meager Developments
Of the common arts of life in remote antiquity are de-
signed to show that the giant growth OF the productive
oe NJ industry In the latest OF the centuries Is Dy
no means TO be accounted for the assumption OF the
superior civilization OF our own times The causes
must therefore, be sought elsewhere; and in this In
stance as in regard 10 many other' social phenomena
they will be found In combination OF influences which,
through the silent growth Of centuries nave only oes
operate tremendously and powerfully IN these ,eTvne
wears Among these influences two have been pre-
emneny Efficient and these propose briefly 70
First, especially honorable TO our age naine t hr
COCnition III modern s0c W OF the dignity OF EooI'
The other the stimulating influence OF sclehtlnc III
vestigauon upon industrial Improvement
MODERN RECOGNITION OF THE DIGNITY OF LABOR
In those early periods of high civizatonto which
reference has been made the task Of providing for the
daily wants of society Land upon servle class; and
IL any freeman felt himself compelled by the narrow
ness Of his TO engage jim asmechancaoccupauoh'
he was esteemed as little better than slave Society
was thus divided into castles To the superior De-
o1ced all the culture and refinement to the inferior
all the toll The processes of the arts of industry were
followed by those who we're fatedto pursue them, in
dun and spress routine. The operative felt no pride
in his calling ambition TO improve ts lnetnous'
There stimulus 70 such an amoltlo1 snce I'M
prOvement could bring with it no honor; and whatever
aspiration might arise in the breast or an indVldai OF
humble rank TO mend his position lncted rather tue ue
SIRE 10 escape from his vocation than to attain excel
ence IN H. If the taesmanship Of those times was sa
gaciOus enough probably was 10 perceive that tne
wealth OF nation, by consequence It's poncai I'M
portance and its military strength depend upon tne pro
duCtveness OF its industry ~ was neyertHelcss piu "
the truth that in that industry may DE productive
labor must be made honorable ,,-..,.. 49,. .o-,u .,
Under theinfuence such civilization, the power OF
invention is naturally stimulated to high degree OF &C
tyity. And accordingly our age IS inc ag9 Oh tne IN
ventOrs triumphs. Inla truth becomes
! fest when consider how many names there are OF
men now living or of men Tho gave been lVla 1 wisn
the last 100 years which are destined 10 De heu
in grateful remembrance for their contributions 10 tne
Improvement Of the useful arts; and now DIieI Is 'o
list OF similar benefactors OF nsnhnu Won T %
gathered the history OF all the preceding
| wood FultOn Stevenson, FOurdriner. Howe, MoCor-
mick WhitwOrth, Siemens, falrbalrn, BesSener, APpe
| GARTH Hoe Bullock, Hirn, Ericsson Morse, HugnesLI
mention but few 10 illustrate the readiness with whch
names rise to the lips, while II we 80 PACK Deyoha tne
there a scattering example such as GuttenOerg fasy
| or Huntsinau ana earlier than the hiteentn we una
T6e recognition Of the dignity Of labor 80 distinctive
Of time, has been the result Of sudden change IL
Revolutions OF sentiment are never SUDDEN
always involve and often largely involve the element
| tor though individuals may be found lmpressDle DS
| argument may spontaneously abandon erroneous
| Views INC Instance is record in winch whOle
| community has become convinced OF error IN uty'
preindiceS are laid aside with much greater difficulty
than opinions 1t probable that the pre1udlees OF
neone are never In proper sense eradcaed They die
olt If they disappear all in measure as the lndyid-
uas who entertain them pass away. and give place to
others who are less strongly biased e.
| INFLUENCE OF SCIENCE UPON INDUSTRIAL IMPROVEMENT
mentioned above as the second Of the impoIta in
huepces acceleratng in our day. progress of indus
trial Improvement the stimulating influence OF cOJeh-
poraneOus scientific investigation 1t is an undeniabe
fact that nearly every important improvement which
has been made during the last hundred years In the
processes or the instrumentaes employed In tho IN
dustral arts has been due directly indirectly to the
suggestions of science Examples illustrative OF this
truth are so abundant that in great exhibition Ike the
present we encounter them wherever we look Nay 1t
not necessary this end TO visit gallery of industry
We sec examples all around us III the PuOnc streets
| and al home in our dwellings; many
OF them indeed so familiar that forget the source 10
| which we owe them A friction Inatch, lOr instance,
appears TO US very trivial thing; and yet IT Is gi6
OF science and witha very recent gift, since Ia the
year in which this Institute founded the world ha
no friction matches The gas when Is now SO almost
universally used for the artificial lighting OF towns and
dwellings is another f which science has conferred on
Industry and conferred this century began. And
the subject Of illumination has presented ltse,
though chosen entirely at random there arc also 70 DC
mentioned stearn and PaIanne tie OIL eAPsseu IRON
lard kerosene distilled from petroleum ana hnay ana
more striking sti the powerful electric lamp adopted
by France ana England IN their 1rstclass sea-cOast
lighthouses, all OF these being contributions maue III
| recent years by science 10 the useful arts .,,
will merely name, without pausng TO 90 into details
to which the contributions made by science nave been
most signal There is the meaurgc industry, Tor III
metaurgy OF iron of copper Of zinc OF the precious
metals OF aluminium 'and most signal OF an OF steer;
There is the manufacture OF sugar. from the cane and
from the beet and the process or ts Subsequent Iehe
ment. the whole of when has been thoroughly revolt
onzed within the past 20 years There are the manu-
facure leather the sverng OF mirrors, the processes
OF bleaching and dyeng, the discovery OF new dyes
especially the magnificent aniline colors, the manu-
facture of soda ash, the power printing pres,
whole family Of machine tools. the manufacture OF
BRICK and tiles the artificial production OF ce the tun-
nehng of mountains by the aid OF powerdIlls ana the
formidable explosives, dynamite and ntroglycerine,
the whole system of modern transportation by land and
sea, aud Geographic communications spanning almost
instantaneously the worlds circumference and annl-
hilating space pause in the enumeration, not for
OF material but because 10 Is necessary 10 pause
somewhere In every one OF the branches OF industrial
give them their principal usefulness or power
have been made since the foundation ot our GOVERN
ment and most OF them quite recently.
AMERICA IN THE CoSCoURsE OF INDUSTRIES.
In conclusion the inquiry naturally presents itself
where are we, tho ndustals of the United States, in
this great concOurse OF the nations and what Is the part
which we are contributing to the march of industrial
Improvement The reply believe, will be one of which
we need not be ashamed. There is hardly industry to
the progress Of which have not largely contributed
The cotton GIN without which the machinespnner and
the powerloom would be helpless, is American. The
power-shuttle which permits unlimited enlargement
OF the breadth of the web is American me planlng
machine is American. Navigation by steam is Amerl-
can. The mower ana reaper are American. The
rotary printingpresses are American. The hotalr
engine Is American. The seWing-machlne IA
American. The machine manufacture OF wool cards is
American. The whole indiaruDber industry Is Ameri-
can. The band-saw originated, believe, in America
Tie machine manufacture OF hOrseshOes Is American
The sand blast OF which the large capabilities yet TO
be developed is American Ihe gauge Lthe Is Aunefi
can The only successful cOmpOsng-machine for print
ers is American. The grain elevator is American. Inc
artificial manufacture OF ice which you saw eAaDlted
here two years ago under the name Of the
Carre process, was originally invented by Prof
Alexander s. Twining, an American The electro
magnet was invented, and Immediately after
its invention was first practically applied in trans
hitting teegraphlc signals by Prof. Joseph Henry, an
American. The Geographic instrument introduced
universal acceptance was invented by Prof. Samuel f.
b Morse late one OF the Regents OF Institute,