The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-02-06


TRADITIONS OF VIOLENCE AND sELFIsHNBsS
wnen she can do so without danger
a. n g % s Of Ire q e. Gss
states stats Q, peace towards Great Britain
%as's the s their a'' ss
% assas ss SsoS 1 HGes: . sSsSs
0 @ % Of s @ Of I'm 81
views Of other Powers, and preserving |. constant
sS%sn and SH0ris'' scotsman
%
early La HAPPY 10 the that the
cts OF a virtuous, tree ami powerful nation.
THESE noble word were but the echo OF the popu-
lar thought, and alter mature Consideration and full
discussion act declaring war against 81, Land
presented on the sch OF June 1872 from the House
renee On motion it was twice read. unanimously
received and referred to the committee appointed
to confer and report upOl the Presidents Message
of the list OF June The 18th OF the same month the
act declaring war against England received The sig
nature OF President Madison. and in q few days the
states were aroused to patriotic enthusiasm by the
re,ident's proclamation announcing that free
people nad resolved to draw the sword TO avenge
insults which they mad TOO long ana 100 patiently
BY the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES AMERI
whereas the Consrs. Q, the United sts.ss By Virtue Of
ani'1 the Ssi q
asd the thereof
Sow SersoSe adon United
ct de- hs
civil n TIE n OF ns 0ass s
secys and do
from % fathers. The; FEEL .ss
INJURED nss,ons, they consult the best
or aSrdsns is csiamisss that they exert themselves
order IN promoting concord n N the
all the SUI which may DC adopted S the
seal Of the United States be affixed to these
1oth Of
and OF the independence OF the Uuted states t9e thirty
JAMES MONROE Secretary of State
We need not enter into details OF the struggle
which ended 50 glOriously for the American arms,
THE TREATY OF GHENT
For more than o year before the close OF this
efforts were made 20 brng about peace. On Janu.
airy 1874 the British schooner Bramble arrived at
Annapolis, Md bearing nag OF truce ana PROPOSE
ton for peace ana on the 6tn OF that month the
President informed Congress OF the same. the
spirit by our government, ana Commissioners ap.
pointeo to negotiate treaty. The United states
Henry Clay. Jonathan Russell and Albert GallaIin.
The British Commissioners were Admiral Lord Gam
American commissioners proceeded to London
where they were annoyed by being treated with
Of the British Government. The business was
consequently postponed for several months. wnen It
| was agreed that the Joint Commission should meet
at Gnent In Be.gum in the month OF August, 1914.
Their negotiations In that city resulted In treaty,
/ winch was signed December "a, ana WnlCn con-
sisted OF eleven articles, was ratified by Eng
land before It was despatched to the United States
1t arrived ut New York on February II. 1916 more
| than month after the battle OF New Orleans, which
was fought after the settlement OF peaceL and was
| unanimously ratified by the Senate, and formally
| promulgated on February II. me treaty provided
Tor the mutual restoration OF all conquered territory
| and tor the appointment OF three commissiOns-one
to settle the title OF the islands OF Passamaquoddy
and Grand Menan, In the bay of t-s1ldy another to
mark out the northeastern boundary as far as the
ST. Lawrence, aad the third to run the line through
the st. Lawrence and the lakes TO the Lake OF the
Woods In case Of disagreement In either commits
the point dispute was TO be referred to some
| friendly Power. No provision was made as to the
| boundary west Of the Lake OF the Woods, nor
as to the fishery on the shores Of British Amerl
| ca. The British Commissioners refused to accept
| In return for this right OF hshing modified
sissippl which, IN lnelr view, was also terminated
| by the war. The result therefore, was that, m
war took away from Great Britain a nominal right.
never used, OF navigating the Mississippi and from
MsW ro the O eac
and curing fish on the shores OF the Gull or st.
or the whole question OF impressmeut and neutral
rights the sole ostensibe occasion OF the war; nota
word was said. rhe British Commissioners had de-
sired that each party should retain what he held at
the signing OF the treaty, and that their Indian
tory, with prohibition to the United States to es-
ablish forresses or Keep ships on the great lakes;
but they were unable tORet any or these spulati0nS
Introduced into the treaty.
| COMMERCIAL CONVENTION 1915
In the of Sl Wne aessr J9nn 9nnGy
Europe they negotiated convention OF commerce
and navigation, which was signed at London on
July 8, 1875 the British commissioners being Fred
erick John Robinson, Vice President OF the Commit.
tee of Privy Council Tor Trade and Plantations;
Henry GOulburn, Under Secretary OF State, and
William Adams. ID. G. l.. 1t ratified by the
Prince Regent on July 81 and by the United States
Ths convention comprised five articles and was
to be binding for four years but was subsequently,
October TO- 1918, continued for ten years. 1t estab
llsned reciprocal liberty OF commerce between the
RES In Europe and complete protection to COM
merce. subject to the laws OF each country; pro-
importation or EXPECTATION Of productions, &C., OF
each country than on those OF other
e on the @portatcns or Expectations CT ether
country were TO extend equally to those or all other
' and BRUSH " vesses and Of duties
bounties and drawbacks on the productions &C., Of
each country, whether imported In IN. American or
West indies and North American Continent should
not oe affected by such regulations Grade was not
the year 1851. when Great Britain relaxed Its pro-
hinitive position, and an amlcable arrangement Tor
such trade was entered into Dy Mr.. McLane, our
Minister at London, and Lord Aberdeen.) The con-
ventIon permitted the United states to trade direct
with the East Indies under certain regulations but
subject to certain prohibitions In time OF war; and
established regulations with regard to the consuls
each party resident in the domlnons Of the other
Upon tle exchange OF Publications in Washington
the ''rusn Charge dAnaires at Washington made
declaration, Withdrawing the permission granted IN
the convention for American vessels calling at 81.
Helena, In consequence or Its being decided upon
since the signing OF the treaty as the residence OF
Napoleon; but this restriction was Withdrawn on
July &c. 1921, after the death OF the ex-Emperor.
CONVENTION REGULATING VESSELS OF WAR ON THE
, LAKES-lol7.
In April, 1917. convention was entered into
between Richard Rush, acting as Secretary OF the
Department Of State behalf OF the United States
and Charles BagOt, the British Minister at Wash.
ington Tor the regulation OF the naval force
on the lakes. This arrangement which was pro-
claimed by the President on April 20, 1918, restricted
eacn nation TO MAINTAIN one vessel on Lake Ontario
two vessels ON the Upper Lakes and me on Lake
Champaign, eacn not exceeding one hundred ton:
! burden, and armed with one ltpound cannon All
, other vessels were TO be dismantled, and sly