, 1872-12-30

renewed rigor. The Coutral will 10 completed
| to Denulson, in short time. Tho IT., K l. T.,
| having reached this point, will soon advance
| their lines to CoEargo and Galveston.
|
THE FARM AND GARDEN.
Activity in the Formation of Farmers,
Cltabs-The Question in Regard to
Railroad Ereights, and the Mutual
| Interests Between tho Farmers and
Those Useful Corporations - Way
| There Should &c No olAutaaonisEn, and
| HloSy to Avoid 1t.
From Our Agricultural Correspondent.
I CHAMPAIGN, ILL.,, Dec. e3, 1872.
Farmers Clubs are being organized with Won
derlul rapidity. The moving cause is the low
| price OF farm produce, and tho high price Of
freights to the seaboard. Nor ia this quite all,
for remote cause is the rings of trades, or
leagues that are formed IN other industries and
| business pursuits. Hero is letter in point:
MACON COUNTY; H., Dec. 20, 1872.
sus There haa been considerable agitation in this
Ct ate respecting M the Formation Of
the two now existing IN the State, in every point Of
| the Farmers Club. They both aim understand, at
tho same resu1ta. Which Of those two orders would
| you recommend farmers to adopt7
II you will these inquiries, you will confer
quite favor. Respectfully yours J.R.
II tho objects Of the Patrons Of Husbandry
! and of the Farmers Clubs are the same, why
| keep up the two organizations In the latter
there are no salaried officers, and no inducements
to turn it from it's purpose, either in politics OF
business. The former las too much Of ma
cl4inery, md tany bo liable, in the hands of
| designing men, to be turned from it's legitimate
purpose. If understand the management. the
whole is controlled by central power, and is
simple ring, similar to those that it denounces.
or the rod Of Moses that is to swallow up all the
other rods. In saying this, I wish to be- under
stood as knowing it's workings only as present.
| cd to the world. OF it's inner teachings
I claim no knowledge. There may DO secrets Of
culture and Of management Of cropa that are
| taught among them that naay be Of great value.
There may be many other things Of value, social,
| political, ethical, and practical for aught
know. But this wo do know, that, when first
sent out to tho world, we had no 20-cent corn,
no war on the railroads, no contests With tho
manufacturers of implements; and We may roa-
sonably conclude that its founders were less am
bilious and moro philanthropic than some Of it's
followers to-day. do not propose to say aught
to impugn The motives OF these Patrons,-for,
so far as havo met them, they appear actuated
by the best Of motives, and it is only the System
that I object to. have the same
objection to Farrners' Clubs, should
thoy form ring OF county and
State associations. l do not propose that any
t organization shall dictate to me what particular
| plow may or may not use. a1n not to be
driven to run tilt against any other interest
simply for the reason that their views may not
accord with that Of the Grand Moguls who
stand at the lead Of tue organization OF (Which
I may be member.
There is nothing new in the present condition
| ~ r. n ,1u{o
! Of the West for the past thirty years. Trade has
had its ups and downs manufacturers have
struggled for existence and tho products of the
farm have been depressed aud exalted. Prices
mands OF commerce, and been depressed be-
| low the point Of production. The remedy
for these things is not in the formation Of
leagues and rings, but in q more general diffu-
| Farmers Clubs will find their greas value. They
meot together and discuss the why's and where
fores OF things; they note the chaugos that
/ come in the progress of events, and thus pre-
pare for the near order Of things. In short,
they have no war to make, beyond those just
rules that give to al equal chance in the race
They want no rule TOR the railroads that does
not equally apply to themselves. The common
law that prevents extortion between man and
man must be applied to corporations; and the
doctrine that corporations have no souls to be
| saved, or otherwise, must be tabooed-for all cor
porations aro but individuals in plural capacity
! It the Legislature may regulate the salaries Of
officers, and fine men for not serving when they
object to the ratio of compensation; il it can
I tell me how fast may travel and what order to
observe on the hghwav,--it can fix maximum
Of warehouse and railway charges, that must be
alike obeyed.
TRADE ON NATURAL BASIS.
| Just of the wcll-established
laws Of trade in full force; that is, tho law Of
| supply aud demand. We see an immense amount
| Of freight offered to the railroad compauios,-
en- amount beyond their capacity to carry. Tile
Ac+11 ok..
for the farors OF the roads, and tho consequence
is high prices Of freights. Just the reverse Of
this occurred at The close Of tho war. A
an6 tha crop poad @ the price ssch of
for tho carrying, and We had low freights.
| We did not complain then, although few roads
paid dividends to their stockholders. All Of
| this is strictly in accordance with the law Of
| supply and demand, "a doctrine that has many
advocates. In case Of short crops for two or
three years. which is highly probable, we may
SEQ the tables turned ana tho railroads NJ tue
feet Of the producers asking for freghts. Tho
| TEN Of changes: and shown it's vicious effects,
| aud may point moral to our lines of transpor-
tation that ought to show thom the fallacy Of the
| old rule.
There is the same necessity to mako maxi
mum list Of charges for freight and passage Us
there is to regulate interest," the fees and salaries
Of officers, the pay for professional services, the
rates for transporting tho mails, Of materials for
the army, or OF anJ service performed outside ct
special contract. There the laT steps in and
| says we cannot make certain epecial contracts,
for tho reason that they are t conducive to
the public good. Tha Legislature creates en
office, and provides certain salary for certain
time, and this We might call o contract and yet
tho samo or subsequent Legislature annuls
this, and breaks this sort Of contrnct. On the
plea that, in SO doing, tile public good is sub
served. The fact is, that, III oil things in which
tie public have AL interest, it has been the
! policy to prevent extorton, while trade, as re-
CARDS special contracts, has been left aa free as
| possible.
But we have some now conditions to contend
| with, and VIC must make special provision in
| regard to them. L needs no argunant to alow