, 1872-12-26

The American IFediterraneaA---COm-
penenis of the Crescent City.
The Spanish Domination ~-- No
More Filibustsring--Ezport-
ing Everything and In
porting Nothing.
Mrs. Gaines and Her Lawsuits.
Topography of New Orleans.


Topography of New Orleans.
from Our 0,1n Correspondent.
TAsu1SGToS, Dec. 16, 1872.
Amongst the strong and strange old personal
characters of New Orleans is one, nearly 85 years
Of age, still moving about the business-streets,
and endeerorlng to do his part in the changed
condition Of his native city.
GAyARRE.
This is Charles E. Arthur Gayarre, the his
torian Of Louisiana, man Of mixed Spanish and
French descent, Eho has been on the controyeE-
e;a1 side of almost every question, and who took
10 pamnh1eteering against that original carpet
bagser Of them ell. Edward Livingston, as early
IS 1895, when he IVES q boy. After studying law
IA The North, hc went to the Legislature in time
tc congratulate Trance, in an address on behalf
6 Ito Creoles, upon the revolution Of 1880 at
Paris. Tlacted to the Senate OF the United
S:otes IN 1885, he added another quaint page
10 LIS career by declining the place
ca account Of poor health. and then, for several
Gears, he vas Secretary Of State cl Louisiana,
organizer CT the State finances and library, and
general autnor. In 1853 he1bolted parties: only
70 fca the usual ingratitude OF Republics in be-
ing beaten, and, after mnuliug his fellow-citi-
zens for their apathy and corruption, he appear
ea st tno head OF a body of Roman Catholics, In
1865, applying for admission to the National
EnoT-Not.ing Convention, where, Of course, he
Ias excluded. &c favored Secession, and ls
now comparatively obscure; but the recollec-
tion Of his intense and peculiar face suggests
that we accompany him in memory, at this e1-
sraordinarY time in Louisiana affairs, to see how
:1ss State raised itself and its society shove the
delta Of tho Mississippi.
THE GULF COUNTRY.
As the traveller proceeds toward the Gulf
from Washington City, lie observes little change
of weather or foliage until ha has got quite
within the line Of the climate Of 5lobi1e. After
leaving Montgomery. Ala, where the bluf-1ands
are high ard h1ly: ho passes BY gentle grades
to country Of wide rivers and lagoons, with
swsmps Of brilliant hues growing rankly between
them, and in the hazy dawn ho sees arks and
RATS stcercl, seemingly, in tho central air, SO
much higher ia the water than the soil, and so
unusual and obscured the sight. Then he feels 3
queer, sleeping butterfly st his pulse, saying,
Come 1utter or come dream" and he knows
that it is the true South he has reached at Last.
TIE AmR1cAS MEplTERnAsEAs-
From PenEecola to Mobile is so or 60 miles in
q STRAIGHT line; from Mobile to New Orleans is
TAD by rail, In short, it is but $50 miles BY rail-
from Pensacola past Mobile to New Orleans by
present lines OF communication, and should pc
no moro than EGO, If tie Gulf-side line was in
operation.
These three settlements, and the islands and
Gulf-sho1es between them, constitute all the
vital history OF the Latin Iaces as 1t AFFECTS
betwe5n France, Spain, Great Britain, and the
Carolinaa, on the Gulf OF Mexico presents some
strikir. reserblances to hecontest betWeen the
Dutch, sve5oE, Canadlans and English Colon,
~, ~r4& &1SA 1a1u arT
New England. Nev York, founded by the Dutch
is an historical parallel to New Orleans, founded
by the French nearly q century atterWard.
Both cities attest IN their sites the sagac!ty OF
luck Of Peter Minuits or Lemelne De blenYllle,-
perfectly different men, whose national attn
butes OF character to remain IN tbs perfect
II different cities which retain supremacy IN the
ToBuective sections. Pensacola WAS founded BY
the Spanish in 1856, Mobile by the French N
1909, and New Orleans also by the Trench IN
IT'S. We have not attended much IN the North
70 Southern history, and these places we're OF
verv little account except as points OF conten-
zion between the nations enumerated stlh, ills
strange to think that 800 Me1lcaas we're the
founders Of PcnRaeo1a +; that 500 Greeks and
aIinorcan settlers came at one time to Florida !;
that, more than century ago, women from the
streets Of London and the House OF Correction
ci Paris became the pilgrim mothers on the 81.
John and Mississippi Rivers; and that little old
settlements like BILOXI were at one tune - marked
o.t to be the dominant towns OF the Gulf.
FIRST
Tho road from Mobile to New Orleans y one
of the best equipped, in rolling stock and road-
Tev, in this country, and the route passes many
old forts and the broad crooks Of many rivers,
50 hat it compares T15h tae Icy Ma n7e Ver
New Orleans is q delightful OF interest With
out log;c.-and it is one Of the few places whera
one would wish to return end examine It more at
leisure. ....-..
NEW ORLEANS RELATIVELY.
New Orleans haa population Of a little short
Of 900 600 (191, ,416, according to the census OF
ls70) ard ranks ninth among our American
citeE, or below Cincinnati sud above San Fran
cisco It is nearly twice the growth Of Louis
vile. three times that of Charleston, FIVE times
Memphis, and six times greater than Mobile OF
Savannah. It has not at present the progressive
increase OF eithe7 noaisye n enRhs Ea ,es o.
dents arc natives Of other countries, but
115.O0o of them are native Lou
isiauians. soventy-eight are black natives
of Africa, the last conquests Of the slaTe-trade
e'00o cf France. There are $1,000 native Ger.
1uans, II, ,0o0 irish, 500 ltaisns, oo0 Spanish
and 800 MeSicans.
IT'S coaRoxESTs.
Out Of the GG. 900 people occupied with some
sort Of labor in New Orleans. nearly one-half are
engaged in professional and personal services
as fer example; there ara bat 126 c1ergymen an6
472 BARRIERS and hairdressers, $40 lawyers and III
hotel and restaurant folks, LIT confectionorf
been compared to New Orleans as foreign city,
and it affords coed opportunity tor comparison
being next below it. or with 15o, 600 inhabitants,
aecrly equally divided as to nativity between the
United States and foreign lands; $4,000 art
Chinese, $500 French, 11,ooo Germans. ,00(
Irish, ], COO Italians, 1200 Mexicans, and 1,50f
Swiss and Swedes. San Franciso is a more
thorough n1ngling of independent nationalities
andits gaiety is the eccident their sudden meet
ing and inorganic development. New Orleans il
rendezvous under free government, near the
Tropics, Of labitnns: Creo!es, maritime people
and Americans. It contains few men to remind
one ct the great driving geniuses Of ssh Fran
ciHco, its bourJeoise life is that Of respce
table provincial city Of Trance Or the Low Coun'
:es and With al tas j. said o. its a Latp at
Il more than ell tho other elements. A gooc
deal is said about good Anericans going to Paris
when they die. 4 really repGesenItxatiye Ameri:
lie Of the French quarter iB queer and attrnc
i've for little while, but, after getting tc