davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

ditions of demand and supply, namely good
prices for cheap manufactures, indicate
that the making of hemlock extract will be
a profitable business in this region even for
small capital.
Now, we will suppose that no man in
this place who has S. 900 to spare is will
ling to invest i'll such factory, but that
there are twenty-five men Of more limited
means, who are ready to invest $500 each
in the new process, provided they are fully
satisfied by their own inyesti CATION, and
personal knowledge, that it is all it claims
to be. They organizo as a company, build
their factory, start it on credit, or borrow a
few hssadeeds tor running expenses as could
very easily be done, and in six weeks time,
or little over, every debt would be paid
up, original investment returned cent per
cent, and Sc per day be coming into the
pockets Of men who once perhaps, thought
themselves well off, to get half that amount
tor a days hard labor.
To the objection that the demand will
soon create supply, and bring down
prices, the answer is that the manufacture
would be very profitable at one-third the
present rate OF return, and it must be 4
considerable time yet, before the supply can
be great enough to reduce the prices one
cent on the barrel. In the meantime capi-
tai invested can earn its hundred per cent
in six weeks at farthest, after opening a
factory.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
THE VA 4SHBURV WEDDING

Governor Washburn's youngest daugh-
ter, Fanny, became the bride Of Col Charles
Payson Of Washington City, on the 5th
inst. Col. Payson is native of Sicily, be-
ing the son Of an American consul there:
was educated at Cambridge, England 1:
served on the staff of Gen. Devin in the
army Of the Potomac, and is lame from a
wound received in the service Of his coun-
try at the battle Of Cold Harbor. He now
IS attached to the Department of State at
Washington City. The marriage took
place at Madison, Wis, and was select.
and elegant in all It's appointments But a
score OF guests were present, including Col
Payson's mother, from England, and few
intimate friends from Madison, Lacrosse.
Galena, and New York Among the bri-
dial presents was tea service OF solid sill
yer, comprising seven pieces, each piece
having the coat of arms of the Payson
family on one side, and of the Washburn
family on the other. This service was from
Col. Payson's father Gov Washburn's
present 10 his daughter was handsome
set of diamonds, and check for ten thou
sand dollars. The wedding trip included
a visit to Niagara, and the cities of the
Atlantic coast.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
MAJOR d. c. HOUSTON on TIE CANAL
AND DIXIE


Onperusing the Letter from the Secretary
of War communicating to the Senate in.
formation relating to the canal and dixie, we
cannot help feeling how unsatisfactory that
portion of it is which contains the opinions
of Major Houston on this question. He is
the United States Engineer in charge Of our
harbor improvements, and his professional
opinions, therefore have special interest
for the people Of Superior, in view of the
conflicting rival interests of Duluth.
1t will be found that his testimony appar-
entity involves direct contradictions; that up
to 29th June 1871 he was uniform and con-
sistent in his views regarding the engineer
ing principles of our harbor improvements
and that after that date he suddenly revers-
cd every one of them.
The plan of the harbor improvements is
to contract the outlet or entry between the
Bay Of Superior and the Lake, by two par
slel piers 420 feet apart, and stretching in
to the Lake until they reach deep water.
The object OF THIS IS 70 conhne tGe volume
of water flowing into the lake, so as to scour,
deepen and maintain deep channel at the
entrance This plan was matrred by a
board of Government Engineers, is rigidly
approved of and adhered to by the Chief of
Engineers of the Army, and Congress has
made large appropriations ofmoney towards
it. During the last two years Major Hous-
ton has had the charge of carrying this plan
into effect, and until recently has repeated
II acknowledged the accuracy Of the theory
on which it is based.
We shall quote from his evidence in the
Injunction suit, and from the letter from the
Secretary of War, and our readers can then
Judge Of his consistency.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
tory COSTING $4,000.
Net daily profit

a manufactory costing only $1,000, and
running on the above moderate estimate,
would pay for itself in less than six weeks,
and besides that, would in the working days
of one year, net its proprietor the sum Of
S7I,95o.
/ 1t may be interesting to know something
Of the construction and appearance Of an
| Extract factory having daily capacity Of
! 20 barrels That at Midland Mich, is 30
] feet by so, with 25 feet posts. The machine
consists of a ten horse power engine, and a
boiler capacity Of twice the amount requi-
site to supply steam for such an engine, the
teaches, and in process OF condensing.
There is bark mill with a capacity of 10
cords every seven hours. The teaches are
of peculiar construction, and are two IN
number. They are 20 feet high, Is feet in
diameter, and each will held 20 cords of
ground bark. From these teaches the liq-
uor, which is 50 deg. barkometer proof, is
carried by pipes to the condensers, which
are but system of tanks in which are
placed the machinery for condensation,
where it is reduced to the standard density
of l04 lbs per gallon. The temperature of
the liquor is kept uniform, but never suffi
ciently high to injure the tanning properties
Of the extract.
But what about the demand for this Ex-
tract, some may ask. One firm in Man
chester, England, offers to contract for l25
Tbarrels per day, an amount that would
steadily employ six such factories as we
have referred to. The price in Boston,
Mass, cents per 10 as we have seen, and
the tanneries in that vicinity alone demand
the produce of 20 common factories, and
the intrinsic worth of the Hemlock Extract
not only for tanning purposes, but for its
coloring properties, and the consequent
great demand for it in America alone, will
give a steady and sustained market to the
product of thousands of factories
While oak bark yields but to per cent
of tannin, and oak foliage but from II to p
per cent, hemock yields in bark 2 per cent,
and IN foliage SO per cent of tannin. And
the fact that not only has Europe lost It's
hemlock supply, but even that the Eastern
states are now looking to the great hem
lock forests of the Northwest, should teach
us to value, and utilize this profitable source
of revenue while we may, and we hope
some of our citizens will soon start a Fac
tory Of the Hemlock Extract in Superior.
Hemlock land is plentiful and cheap in
the Northwest, and hemlock bark and leaves
can be cheaply gathered, SO that the con
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

-Nouenaber lSIl.--1 do
not think that a dixie will
be necessary. No injury
TO the entry has vet occur
red due TO the canal.
-dag,est lS7l.-Observa-
tons show that at the pres
ent stage of water in the
st. Louis, the canal has no
detrimental influence on
the entry.
If the dixie is not imper-
ativelv needed, it would be
better not to put it in.
March lS72.-Up TO the
present time, no percepti-
bic injury to the entry has
taken place.
Ii would be we'll if il can
be done to defer all action
in this matter until next
season. The remedy Of a
dixie may be afterxard APP
piled ; while we may find
that the dixie is unneces-
sary.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
E.-The Wheat Field of America.
HEALTHFUL CLIMATE-FREE HONEsTEADS-CONYENI
ENT NJ .RkETS

The Northern Pacific Railroad offers 600
Land Central and Western Minnesota embracing
productive wheat inds ia
Der for the m the farm aud the fire. 3 Rich prairie pastuage
and meadow with lases and streams
heahfR c mate where fever and ague
be shipped from this sect'n to the Atlantic cheaply
from Estern Iowa Contra Illinois. running through
these lands from Lake Dakota. 2j3 Price
land close 10 rck 81 per further away VIII
pay for l6G farm. Seven years ere M
Northern Pacific 80 railroad bonds received payment
lands 81 TO- No other unoccu led lands present such
tages 10 sett
Soldiers under the lawSiarch 1S72ge 100 free
the railroad, 10y one and two years residence.
Transportation reduced furnished from all principal
East purchasers Of railroad lands
h0n' seads Purchasers will have
Northern Pacific Railroad deducted Now the
tiers aud colonies get land close to the r0ed.
Pamphlets containing map and description Of lands and copy
Of Homestead and full
Address by letter apply person
LAND DEPARTMENT. NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD,
may IL St Paul. Mimi, or l2O Broadway, New York.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

October lS10.-Tke Ca
nal will be "highly danger
Gus" TO the existence OF the
present outlet. It's effect
will be to divert the cur
rent of tie St. Louis River,
thus reducing the securing
force which is necessary TO
maintain the channel aim
ed at, and sought TO be I'M
proved and maintained by
the Government works.
The nearer the canal is TO
the mouth Of the st. Louis,
the greater will be the in
jury sustained by the chan
mel to the lake.
Nay lS7l.-ifthc Canal
is made, the velocity of the
current a. the present out
let viii be diminished, and
the effect of the present
Improvement will be lost.
1t is very probable that
tie effect of the canal viii
be in time to entirely close
up the present outlet, un-
less the costly expedient of
dredging is resorted to.
June lSTl.-N OF hin 2
should be permitted which
would have a tendency TO
diminish the strength of
the current.
Enough of the practical
effect of the canal can now
be seen 10 verify the opin-
ion that unless a dixie is
constructed, the flow of
water through the artific-
ial channel must of neccs-
sity seriously weaken the
current passing out at the
natural entrance.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
INTERVIEWS WITH OUR ETCHANGEs.

INTERVIEWS WITH OUR EXCHANGES.
The New \ York Herald comes with six
teen pages draped in mourning for the Ma
poeon of newspaper enterprise, James Cor
don Bennett. There is no doubt that Mr..
Bennett inaugurated new era, and Il neacS
era in the journalistic world. The whole
nation has felt the impulse, and impetus Of
his great genius in this respect Morse may
have been the father Of the telegraph but
Gordon Bennett was the father of the tele-
gram-the especial Dispatch To him we
owe the Washington Correspondence, the
War Correspondence and in fine the Very
Latest News, the modern "Daily." The
Old Man Enterprisng is gone, but the fruits
of his sagacious journalism abide.
The St. Cloud Press seems to think
that .ho annexation OF Canada would be a
detriment to the United States. We can
not tlink so, but believe that it would be a
great gain especially to the Northwest, as
suggested in our article last week on "Can-
ada, and our Commercial Routes"
The Brainerd Tribune says that mon
ster foundry, and blast aoorhs, is to be es-
tablished at that point Immediately. 1t will
be known as the Superior and Pacific Car
Wheel Company, and will be under the su-
perintendency of G. n. Parker of St. Paul.
Brainerd from the first, says the Tribune,
"has been marked for commercial import
ance, and manufacturing greatness. w e
don't have to offer bonus to such enterpri-
ses as the above" We are sorry to see
Brainerd slap Duluth around as in that last
sentence.
We notice in the Minneapolis Netcs
that the Irreverend Ue,aery Barnyard is 60
ing for the good Book, and all the churches
Oh the globe 1t is to be feared that Broth
er Barnyard mas undertaken too large a
contract for fraud of the little rooster
pattern.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

Nay l87l.-The Gov
: ernnlcRt is now at work
improving the outlet on
the plan of conhning the
channel by parallel piers
and trusting to the chan
mel current? to main
tain it.
The present outlet de
pends on the securing ef-
feet Of the current, and if
the proposed canal is
made, a portion of the cur
rent Of the ST, Louis River
will be diverted, thus di-
minishing the strength OF
the current at the present
outlet.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
First National Bank
Of Duluth.

CORNER OF LAKE AVENUE AND SUPERIOR STREET
]. B. CULVER, GEO. C. STONE
PRESIDENT. CASHIER.
I)URCHAsES AND SELLS AT MARKET RATES
GOLD AND UNITED STATES BONDS,
DULUTH CITY BONDS, LAND WARRANTS AND SCRIP.
Bills Of Exchange payable in all of the principal cities
Europe, and
TRANSACT A GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS. apr27
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

If we suppose the two
entrances [the canal and
the entryl excavated to
the proper depth and pro-
perly protected by piers,
the question may be dis
cussed without reference TO
the St. Louis, which we
may regard as not existing.
March lS72.-If after
the piers have been ex-
tended to deep water, and
a channel dredged out, the
waters of the two rivers
could be entirely diverted
from the entry, a better
harbor would be Obtain ed
than would otherwise exist.
-ietgatst lS7l.-No ae-
flection of the current To
the canal can occur, ex-
cept in time of freshets.
Noucm5er 1S7l.-Except
in time of high water in
the st. Louis, the canal
will have no effect what
ever at the entry.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

on our harbor system have not been char
acterized by that stability which is desir-
able. AS this is subject Of great import
ance to those interested in Superior, we
shall recur to it.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
$40 7
Net profit on one cord of bark

The above table would give for the profit
on 20 cords of bark manufactured into Ex-
tract-that is for one days work of a facto-
ry costing at the outside but $5,OOO-the
snug sum of S390.OO At this rate the fac
tory would pay for itself in t,oo aceehs time,
and in addition yield the handsome fortune
Of sl13,940 in the working days of one year.
But of course, Messrs. Patrick 81 Co. are
much more modest in their estimates, not
wilhstanding they live in one of the best
hemlocl regions on the continent. Instead
Of estimating as they could, and as perhaps
might be done in Wisconsin, that a cord of
hemock bark would produce GOO lbs or l J
casks Of Extract, .hey base their calcula-
tons on the assumption that one cord Of
bark will yield but one cask Of Extract,
that is but 400 lbs. And on this estimate
they give the following table of expenses
and returns in the daily operation of fac
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

seems, is not expected to yield over 400
pounds, or one barrel of extract, while the
test at Patrick's tannery yielded barrel
and a half to the cord, and ifty-fve pounds
over!
The table of cost of manufacture, and
with tannin as in the foregoing experiment,
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
GROCERIES & PROVISIONS

If we are oyERsToCKED in anything, it is in Grocer
les and Provisions, of which we keep Good Stock,
consisting of CHOICE End FANCY GROCERIES,
as well as STAPLES. In this line we would call
special attention to our TEAS, which we think
not excelled by anything in the market.
sg-When visiting store, if you do not see what
you want, ASK FOR IT.
uov2210
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

dug. lS7l.-The main
tenance of tire ckanrrl at
the entry, after the extern
sion of the piers will de-
pend mainly upon the ebb
and flow OF the lake.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

august 1S7l.-W hatev-
er possible injury may hap
pen to the entry for one
season can be easily cured
by a dredge.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

We could greatly enlarge our quotations
from Major Houston's testimony, but pro-
badly we have furnished enough to bewil-
der our readers rs to what fixed principles
of engineering are relied on, for effecting
our harbor improvements.
We greatly regret in being obliged to
point out these Inconsistencies of the Major,
but the feeling is general among those who
have read the "Ietter," that his opinions
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
f. w. CLARK 81 CO.,
B 4 n K E r S i.
DULUTH, MINI, March %, Is,

DULUIH, MINI, March 23 1871.
Having opened Branch of our PHILADELPHIA
BANKING HOUSE, in the city of Duluth, we are
now prepared to receive deposits make collections on
all points and furnish exchange all the principal
cities of the United States and Europe.
We are also prepared to make LOANS on GRAIN
stored in the Duluth Elevator, and to NEGOTIATE
PAPER drawn against SHIPMENTS of GRAIN and
FLOUR. E. w. CLARK & CO.,
seI301
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
STATE OF WISCONSIN, COUNTY OF DoU3LAs-In Cour
- Court-Iu Probate.
IL the Of the last will of Henry szer, deceased

residing and fling the petition William sdmins
traitor with the viii x Of the estate OF Henry Szer late Of
County deceased representing among other things h he
has fully administered said and praying that place
fixed examiunz an allowing his OF his admins
filed with said petition, Is ordered that said
be examined BY the Jgdze of this Court
MONDAY THE FIRST DAY OF JULY NEXT,
10 h. his office in the Court House said
County And is further ordered THAT notice thereof be given
all persons Interested by Publishing copy u this order for
three weeks fri0r said Of examination in the
Superior TINES weekly newspaper published Superior in
D5ggb9. aforesaid Tfi9S CLARK, County Judge
Dated May L, 1872. Day25 juRl5
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15

Jane lS1l.-If ii is pos
sible now 10 suspend work
upon the canal, untiI the
dixie is built, il seems 10
US that it should be done.
Reports show about Is in
ches less water on the bar
al Superior than last year.
Nay lS7l.-Ifthc velec-
ity OF the current is re-
duced beyond a certain
limit, the channel at the
mouth will be barred up
by the action of the lake.
The Superior times. [volume] (Superior, Wis.) 1870-1912, 1872-06-15
CLOTHING:

Our stock of clothing has been purchased with spe
cial reference to the climate and to the
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1872-04-18
Meeting of the Beard.

At a meeting of the Board last
Saturday night, called by the Mayor
for the purpose of taking some steps
for the laying of of grounds for a
eommon burial place, the following
resolutions were passed:
RESOLVED, That the Mayor ap-
point a committee of three whose
duty it shall be TO let out and have
the grounds bought of DR.. White as
new cemetery enclosed with a du
rable plank fence, and also have the
same leyeled and properly laid off in
four equal parts, with streets be-
tween, for the purpose Of selling of
lots both to white and black, half Of
which is to be reserved as com
mon burial place.
RESOLVED, That any person des-
ecrating any public grave yard with
in the limits of the Corporation, by
pulling flowers or inju, ing shrubbery
therein, or by turning stock into the
same, shall be fined not less than
FIVE nor more than ten dollars.
The lot is TO be devided into four
equal parts, onc-fourth Of which IS
to be sold in lots to white and an
other t. colored persons, which 1t Is
thought will pay for the grounds
and laying of the same, the other
halt to be reserved as public bur
81 place.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1872-04-18
Burglarsl RnrgIars I

On Tuesday night some burglars
entered the saloons of Finley &
Moore and B. r. EzelI. They eff
fected an entrance by means of a
key or some sort Of burglars tool,
and breaking open the money draw
ers extracted from each about
twelve or fifteen dollars in change.
They also attempted to break in
the door Of II. X. BrannaR, but
failed. Suspicious looking indi-
viduals have been seen nround town
for several days and it is probable
the robbers may be apprehended.
This Is the first visit Of the season
to Pulaski, and we would urge upon
our people to keep themselves in
readiness to shoot down as they
would a dog these midnight rob
bers and put an early end to their
nelarious depredations.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1872-04-18
Almost Drnwned-

We learn through a letter from
friend at Poplar Hill Of an acct
dent which happened to two ped
lars named Corn and Salmon the
night of the heavy rain of the 18th.
They were travelling in vehicle
with one horse attached, and were
collecting up barter during the day,
which delayed them until in the
night, and in driving to Esq'r Gil
bert's house where their goods were
stored they had TO cross his spling
branch. It was very dark when
they reached it and they did not
see that 10 vas very much swollen,
and when they had gotten in the
middle of the stream the vehicle
was struck by a fence which was
being carried away. They were
carried down the stream some fifty
yards, when they jumped out and
cut the horse loose, getting safely
to the shore. They lost a consid-
cradle quantity of festhers, hides,
etc, and the wagon was badly bro
ken up. and scattered down the
stream.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1872-04-18
Business Refuses.

By arrangement with AIcssTs.
CRANE d Co., the inventors, we
have obtained exclusive control of
this popular and attractive system
of advertising, in Giles, Lincoln and
Lawrence. We have ten different
refuses, representing ten different
departments of trade, to-wit: Dry
Goods, Clothing, Boots and Shoes,
Hats and Caps, Drugs, Hardware,
Furniture, Groceries, Jewelry, and
Photographs. The exclusive right
to use either OF these refuses in
Giles county may be obtained from
US by immediate application. One
man only in each line of trade can
use them, and there can be no in
fringement Of the patent. Those
who fail to get control Of them will
be forever excluded from their use.
We will make liberal arrangements
with our contemporaries of Fay
etteville and Lawrenceburg, if they
would Ike to have control of the
matter in their respective counties.
In few weeks we will have plates
also for four other branches of
trade, including Stoves and Tin
ware, Books and Stationery, Hotel,
etc, which may also be obtained by
the first applicant.