The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-06-27

and with most ardent wishes for the prosperity of
think my humble name has been connected by
honorable ties for over three years. The adoption
Of the articles Of the Treaty Of Washington AFFECT
ing Canada has shown In q clear light your desire
to share the fortunes Of England. The general dis
position evinced under the trying circumstances OF
the time has added strength to the honorable posi-
tiOn Of Canada both as regards the British empire
and the United States. The vast project matured
for building railroad to the shores Of the Pacific
win open pathway for England, az well In peace
as In war; to the East and viii be Of most essential
benefit by giving facilities for traffic OF all kinds
opening lands for settlement and drawing closer
the ties that bind the sister provinces Of the Do
mini0n."
CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILROAD
The annexation OF British Columbia, by which the
limits OF the Dominion have been extended to the
Pacific Ocean, Ia looked upon as one OF the great
true the territory, though vast Is OF little value
me white population does not exceed 10000; and
trade which was extensive during the Frazer River
search Of the precious metals, is now Of hardly
in Puget s Sound, but the interior r i Is an
unknown uni and uninviting region; However,
inc Leading I'M condition OF British Columbia
part OF the government to construct railroad to
the Pacific, thereby Offering to British Columbia
with the world at large. It is computed that this
railroad-the Canadian Pacdc--will be at least
o miles % Lake 3 Nssng to
in ten years, the means to- be provided by grants
OF land OF twenty miles in extent on each
Parliament may seem At to bestow. The estl-
mated cost Is $lOO,0OO,00O. and the subsidy is
to be not less than one-fourth OF the amount,
$25, 100000. 1t is known that the British govern
ment has guaranteed loan OF $4,000, 600 for this
purpose In consideration OF the Dominion confirm
ing the articles OF the Treaty OF Washington relat
ing to Canada, and an act as stated before, has
been passed providing for the immediate COM
prise the Canadians are quite jubliant, and Lord
Lsgar refers to 1t as being in the first place OF the
highest Importance to the imperial government,
either In case OF peace or war. The Canadians re-
toce that from the Atlantic to the Pacific, from
Pole, ID the full description OF their new DOminionu
INTERCOLONIAL RAILROAD.
The principal public work not yet completed-the
Intercolonial Railroads. rapidly advancing. The
force employed on II In given month recently was
133 1874 men, 900 boys, 10000 horses and $50 oxen
The outlay up to the present time SO the
total cost will not be less than SIT OO0 900. 1t Is ex
pected that this road-the direct and chief result
so far Of confederaton-wil be in full operation
next year; Its Importance as a national work may
be judged from tho assurances given that pas
sengers and freight can be conveyed from Halifax
to Sarnia without transshipment, o distance Of
1857 miles. The opening OF the European and
North American Railroad was an occasion OF much
interest The work was the joint enterprise OF the
British Provinces and the State Of Maine, and is
not only calculated to increase profitable business
intercourse between the respective populations,
but places st. John, n: b., in direct railroad com.
In presence Of Lord Lsgar and President Grant
IMMIGRATION.
On the subject OF immigration the Dominion gov
eminent takes the greatest interest. Agencies are
supported at public expense in Great Britain and
Ireland, France and the Scandinavian countries for
the purpose of pointing out the advantages OF the
Dominion to Europeans. Liberal laws have been
enacted in favor of immigrants Free grants of
lands are offered to settlers, and foreigners are en-
titled to nearly every civil and political privilege
enjoyed by natives The head tax has been abOl-
ished during the present year. the Dominion in this
1t Is recognized that the great need OF the colonies
Is immigrants and the measures taken to encourage
this class have met considerable success, though it
has been found that no small portion OF the ar
rivals, after stay, long or short, finally find per-
manent homes in the United States.
TELEGRAPHIO COMMUNICATION BETWEEN SCOTLAND
AND CANADA.
The Canadian government has now under consid-
Grafton measure for laying cable from Thurso, in
the north part OF Scotland to be continued to Ice
land, and make its first American station at Greenby
Island the narrowest point OF the Straits Of Belle
Isle then touching again at the east end of Antibost
and then connecting with the existing Canadian
telegraph system at Gaspe. The company obtained
an act OF incorporation about two years ago, and,
being about to expire for nonusage, an extension
was obtained during the last session OF the Dominion
Parliament. The company has recently acquired
considerable strength by means Of combinations
which 1t has formed, and within the last few weeks
Count de Kaaslor an eminent public man OF Den
mark, has been in ottawa in the interests of the
Great Northern Telegraph Company, which is lend
ing Its active support towards the construction OF
this cable. And in addition to this source OF
strength an arrangement has been made with the
Great Western Telegraph line to work the two sys
TENS in common. II the cable be laid and the other
directly In communication with the West indies and
with the lines extending across the entire northern
Europe with China and Japan.
GOVERNMENT AID PROMISED.
In the early part OF last week Reputation was
to this important matter. The estimated cost OF
the cable Is four million dollars, and the proposal
made to the government of Canada was that 1t
should grant guarantee of five per cent upon this
amount-that is, a sum equal to 5000 900 per annum
The Finance Minister stated that the government
ha Ind
which an amount OF business, say $4,000 annually,
would be guaranteed. The Montreal Board Of Trade
taat II would De OF the greatest import
with and vigorously prosecuted to its completion
because all the advantages before mentioned would
be secured; and not only so, but because the In
cdental advantages Of such connections would be
incalcuable inasmuch as lateral branch lines would
81 o 1 sues =, Tue Mn xep
with the most dangerous parts of the coast in
cases of shipwreck or other marine disaster, while
interests. The Governor General in Council, it
seems, has authority to afford pecuniary guaran-
tee The Canadian press are satisfied taking all
the circumstances into account, that the govern
ment would find itself sustained by public opinion
in atfording what moral and material support it can
to the European Canadian Telegraph Company.
Among the first questions Lord Duilerin will have
to deal with Is the proposition for an independent
ENLARGEMENT OF THE CANALS
The retiring Governor General, Lord Lsgar, is
identified with the measures passed for. the Inn
are to be deepened and widened so as to admit
propelers Of heavy burden to pass through. When
this Is accomplished direct shipments can be made
inwards and outwards from the port where the
largest ships frequent. 1t Is understood that all the
canals are to be OF uniform size SO that ships of
the greatest capacity can enter them; but If
even this cannot be accomplished by ocean steam
ers coming to Quebec or Montreal 1t may be found
cheaper for inland vessels of 1900 or 1,4OO tons
to transship into the larger ocean ship when
the canals are enlarged to the requisite eX-
tent. the Treaty OF Washington secures to the
citizens OF the United States the Of the Welland,
st. Lawrence and other canals on terms OF equality
with the inhabitants Of the Dominion In return
for this privilege English subjects are to enjoy the
use of the St. Clair Canal on terms Of equality with
the inhabitants OF the United States, and they are
also secured In the OF the several State canals
connected with the navigation OF the lakes or rivers
contiguous to the boundary lines. The enlargement
of the Canadian canals for which Parliament has
provided is therefore Of great Importance to our
citizens
THE MILITARY SYSTEM.
few months since all the regular troops serv-
ing In the Dominion were recalled to Europe, and
the only place In North America left with British
garrison was Halifax. The force consisted OF q bat