The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-08-06
What the Republicans Are Doing and
How They Are Doing 1t.
THE CARL1sTs AND THEIR CAUSE
An Interesting Interview with
King Amadeus.
A REPUBLIC IN THE END.

MADRID, July 70, 1872.
Political affairs here are centred In the relations
OF the United States and Spain. The accession OF
liberal Ministry to power has brought them into
q more prominent position, on account OF the
rumored desire OF Gorilla and his Cabinet to carry
out the Moret law against slavery In Cuba matter
the President is said to have seriously at heart AS
you know, this famous law passed in the flush OF
the liberal uprising, and, meaning to ultimately
emancipate the West Indian islands from the su-
premacy OF the saveholding interests. has been
regarded as dead letter, in consequence of the
antagonism of Sagasta and the progresistas, who
have strven'to maintain power by the assistance
Of the slaveholdng interests In addition to this 1t
Is understood that the United States government
did some time since mean to impose a new policy
upon.the Spanish in their colonial possessions and
may do so again. The demand for the release Of
DR.. Houard was in some respects the beginning OF
this ''pollcy," while at the same time it post
pOned It, The American government could, per.
haps. have made demand for the re-
turn OF the body OF DR.. HOuard In
such manner as to make his return impossible.
There might have been an issue which would have
led to war, as the Spaniards very sensitive
upon American and Cuban questions. But our
government really desired Houard He was IN
Cadz, in i'll health and suffering from the depress-
Ing effects Of a warm climate. He had been debll-
tated by imprisonment and the illness consequent
upon imprisonment and If he were to die in pri-
son or before he was released the effect upon
America, especially during Presidential canvass,
would be unfortunate for the interests of General
Grant. SO all the negotiations with the Spanish
were with the view of really securing Houards re.
lease, and all concessions were made to that end.
In fact the American government sacrificed its
case to secure the release OF the Doctor and when
the history of the correspondence between the
State Department and the Madrid Embassy comes
to be published it will be found painful chapter in
our diplomatic experiences.
NOW AMERICAN PRESTIGE WAS INJURED IN SPAIN
UNwHoLEsoME DIPLOMACY.
While the release of DR.. Houard was, therefore,
accomplished, the effect Of the negotiations was to
njure the prestige of the United States with SPAIN
The first note sent by our Minister, demanding the
release, was peremptory in its nature. 1t was the
direct instruction of President Grant, who In con-
versation with the Minister during his stay in
America, directed him to begin new policy. He
bad tired Of singing songs and listening to Spanish
promises Instructions were, therefore. prepared by
the Secretary OF State and addressed to the Minis
ter directing him to demand the release Of Houard;
to insist upon new policy with regard to Cuba
to demand indemnity for the past and security for
the future, so far as relations between Spain and
American subjects are concerned. Failing In any
draw his legation place his affairs in the hands Of
a Charge d'ATalres and withdraw from Spain !;
saying to the government Of the King that the
President could not with selfrespect continue an
embassy at a court where American rights were so
constantly violated.
WHAT vIGoR WOULD HAVE ACHIEVED IN SPAIN
The effect Of this policy would have been disas
trous to Spaln Spanish credit Is low enough in the
money markets of the world, but its Ministers are
making strenuous effort to restore 1t. The one
thing that would have even degraded Spanish credit
would have been any alienation or embarrassment
with the United States Such alienation would in
evitably have led to war, and war to Spain would
be bankruptcy. This was by the wise men Of
the Kings government-by men like SerranO; and
as soon as the American Minister sent in his note
on Houard's case, and it was learned from Wash
ington that the President had directed Minister
to begin his campaign against Spanish aggresslons
the whole tone of the Spanish Ministry changed.
The King was profuse In attentions to our people.
Serrano went out of his way to volunteer the
est expressions of friendship towards the United
States. Houard would be released Immediately,
and President Grant would have no reason to COM
plain that his just demands had been ignored.
Spain was willing to make any concession and to
atone In the largest sense TO the wounded dignity
Of the United States
Suddenly a change took place. While the Ameri-
can Minister in Madrid was carrying out the firm
and resolute instructions received personally from
the President, and Spain was promptly yielding to
the pressure, a despatch was received by the Span
ish authorities from the Spanish Minister, inform
ing the Kings Minister that the American govern
ment was not serious in its policy Of pressure; that,
no matter what President Grant may have said to
the American Minister and no matter how strenu-
ously that Minister might carry out these instruc-
tons the Secretary OF state, Mr. Fish, did not con-
cur with the President and sympathized with Spain
and would at the proper time instruct the Ameri-
Legation to change the whole tenor OF its policy
Instead of demanding DR.. Houard as an American
citizen unjustly imprisoned and deprived OF his
property, his pardon would be sought as an act OF
clemency to q convicted criminal gracIously ac-
corded by the King to the President. When this
news arrived from washington there was O sudden
change in the Spanish manner.
MR. FISH "GREAT STATESMAN"
Your correspondent remembers one conversation
with a Spanish journalist very close to the new
Ministry :-"Welln said he, 'after the buster Of
your government, Houard will only be released as
an act of grace on the part of the King" Your
correspondent ventured to ask the reasons
SWELL" he replied, "the truth Is the United
States are afraid Of Spain-vcry much afraid. They
ureau our navy. Tney DO not WANT W Bee oui
corsairs upon every sea. We drove the French out
OF Spain by guerilla warfare. You Americans don't
know much about that perhaps. But as soon az
che French made military occupation Of Madrid
and shot the insurgents On the Prado-their mon,i-
ment stands there now peering over the trees
every Spaniard vowed vengeance; men and women
became soldiers; every Frenchman was declared to
be an enemy and an outlaw, and whenever we met
there was war. BY night, at the theatre in the
forests 1--WE had trees them, wherever we met a
Frenchman we killed him. Oh, citizen, that was
patriotism Perhaps you may have heard Of
zumalacarregui You may see his coun