New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1872-06-26

-r.,-g a van rcoert =,
n,ch il NAV have taken place It Is hardly poSsDiG bc
,rmine without moro extensive survey a. p sne
facts stand isa mos. Enpbeayes ON this shore pub
,Led more than thirty years ago Trough ,,h a. focs
peenSpena INV on,nion different origin and another
siertdcance Al the season OF our Visit to a. mis-
IN nspS me poo was nearly dry aud the little waieT
10 An Al WAS intensely saline OI nlto nus of his
,sIyss The specimen Of water obtained IlV1, &
pond al Possession Bay was found 20 eon tv OF iron
ana trace Of iodine. 1t about times as GSns9
og and Nv the total amount Of chlorine prs
ept organic matter in excess A., tTo inI season liz
ion tsrec or four feet deep, when no doubt tne
water more like sea.Waier serH tracks of
aanaeos IL must be the constant resort OF these ann
mails and indeed, during the gay We saw many Sen ~
mobesSai has not. far know, been observed pc
ioS xs Conclusive evidence OF the former presence
~ the ocean, for they may have Deen uIopR ~
o the 500 level with the same shells alive as those
now found the shore, could only be pro1ncea D ~
Sdnfal IL rises in regular terraces 20 about 4CoIe
above the level Of the sea- THIS e also the general
aud furrowCd ] counted eight such terraces ae1se
hut upon the beach itself three lower levels may be as
rngushed their relative ace being markea Dy ne &
ence OF absence 1 soSe ana more inward than the
sapOo a the hight OF al least lbO ioet ABOVE Tue sea
found distinct morano. which the scratched pebbles
proportion as in any front moraine in actual contact
with gacer. This moraine Was arohed with the con
vcxit turned porthWaId and the abrupt slope s0n9
ward, showing that me mouNS DOW pow t te south n
rTherly direction Higher up, to level OF about 800
o,r Ic NAM Al The level Of 400 feet-the highest to
which aslended-I saw number OF large Angular
powders.
TRUE THEORY or THESE RETREATING LEVELS
Here are acts then Of great significance in close prox-
unity namely pool containing marine shells alive
more than 100 the level Of the sea- showing
very recent rise the tract Of land occupied ana an
accumulation OF pebbles and powders having all the
characters OF q glacial mOrane resting upon one OF
numerous terraces which seem TO mark successive mp
hcayals Of the country That these leteatlng lelol
are in TACT evidence OF such an occurrence is proved
by the geological constitution OF the goona winch - e
II shore pebbles Darwin, who has also observer the
phenomena subsistence and upheava characteristic OF
this region, led 10 believe that the drift was scat
tered over Patagonia by icebergs while the country was
submerged Tie morane upon one of these terraces men
toned ABOVE however. that the upheaval must
have taken place before the OF the a mo-
Hfor. say nothing here OF f0uraIes very *
discovery OF an extensive field OF extinct volcanoes 10
the north Of Possession Bay, Of which Mount Azmon Is
po,t on tue subject His observations are among inc
op presents itself at once that the upheaval OF the
may De connected with tho former aetlvl on
straits Of Magellan the shores exhibited tertiary forIna
IONS such had traced along the Atlantic coast or
Patagonia aud in san Matthias Bay. or course IN de-
posts OF this kind could not expect TO una any trace
The Iast iocaities Of recent geological age which
aaiued carefully Elizabeth and Magellan Islands
The latter is almost entirely made up Of gaeL GIS,
among which there are good many large and small
powders with very smooth surfaces ana @
scratches, and some OF them are OF the same eu DOT
yhYry and epdCte mentioned before AZ SANDY Ioht
whole country, and the streets OF the setSmeht are
paved with them. They easily observed IN their
cuts Of the railroad leading TO the coal mines Here the
dft Is aurferous. SenOr We'll Governor OF the COLONY
Immediate neighbOrlood OF the settlement was also
much interested in the coal deposit There are two
considerable seams Of COAL feet six inches thick,
aud another 90 feet higher up three feet tuick Inc few
species OF fossils when obtained tneIe IN ee9' yuan
tertiary but belongs TO the cret99eous formation Inc
most characteristic Ot these fossils IS an oyster OF INC
thickness
PArAGoNIAY COMPARED WITH ALPINE SCENERY.
After passing sandy Point the country assumes o
completely different aspect The mountains rise to great
lights on both sides Of the channel consequence Of
which the region may be compared to the Alps, even
though the oftiest peaks, such as Mount sarmiento
Mount Darwin, Mount auckland. Mount Barney only
washed by the ocean and their slope Is very steep they
me neighborh0od Of Sandy Point win be especially
interesting 10 swiss geOlOgsts from the fact that II re-
ioyed the comparison with home scenery In his work
on The Rocks OF the Two Hemsphere and in his KOsmOs
the features exhibited by the inorganic world regions
very distant from each other. aud ONLY follow In his
of it recalled 70 the Jura and the level country
its foot while the niger ranges 10 the south reminded
into detail without exaggeraton Tie first chain
sight from the channel in which the coal deposits
found only 70 about 1000 feet and resembles the
NoooOmidn hills skirtiug the western Jura; while the
pared to Chaumont or some other Of the less elevated
submits OF the range. Even tie rayine leading
with its torrent while the fats below stand in the
same relation 70 the mus as the al1yial PSlnte |
gu bied ana the tertiary pam OF Berex holds |
20 the Jura This resemblance is not simply super
tho whole region. The higher mountains TO The |
south, though recalling the Alps, should not be com
Blauc. NJ Rosa the Bernese Oberland; they have |
mono the character OF the osmonds Mt Jura for in
stance, when seen from the NORTH reminds OF the
NeseL some Of the cOnical nights rising above Nell
lnes such as tie Corvette De Brse; when seen from
the cast 10 may be ened 10 the Untersberg, Saiz-
burg ut sarmiento Mt. auckland, Mt; Barney, and
highest Alps. Mt auckland resembles the Matterhorn
srKnS IN FORM except thatits surface Is entirely
It was not TN We rounded Cape Froward that felt
confident that the range OF hills Immediately in sight
along the channel we followed had assumed their present
appearance, m consequence OF abrasion by ice Now,
OF Magellan nave passed through smyth's CHANNEL and
visited CHLOE am prepared 70 maintain that the whole
has been uniformly nodded by a continuous sheet
Of ice Every where we saw the rounded un- |
polished surfaces scored by and burrows running
hardness dykes uaversng other rocks states on edges
all cut TO one level In short all Ithe surface fea
Of the rs Of Magellan have much the same as
pect the gacated surfaces OF the Northern Henri
sphere Wherever the burrows and scratches were well
preserved their trend was northern.
CHARACTERISTIC ALPINE FEATURES
have recorded carefully every locality having
special interest In reference to those facts. will here
only mention few Of the most characteristic ones Tho
nrst unquestOnably roehes mONtonn(eS upon
the nearest coast opposite Cape Froward-as the
English maps have it-Where the rocks are bent and
twisted as those Of the Dent du Midi and the Dent de
MOFchi. Cape FrOuart-for such is the French
by FREEZER 10 the sOuthernmOst prOmOntory OF
the oontnent-is itself rounded and polished, most
especially its southwest exposure, with rugged
crests as above tie Grnsel I'm the N8gel's Grath
All the hills between Snug HarbOr and Wood Bay are
equally rounded and polished their very top. Even