davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
[. O G A l..
CHURCH DIRECTORY.

EPIscOPAL-Rcv. w. w. Rafter. Services in
the societys Church, First street. every Sabbath
morning and evening.
BAPTIST Rev. f. n. Barlow. Services in the
society's Church, on Third street, every Sabbath
morning and evening.
CATHoIIC-Father Taken. Services in the
Catholic Church. ON Chisholm street, every Sab
bath morning.
CONGREGATIONAL A. Is. Allen. Ser
vices IN the socety's Church, on Second street,
every Sabbath morning and evening"
METHoDIsT-Rev. w. Donnelly. Services in
socicty's Church, on Dock street, every Sabbath
morning and evening
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
Dr.. Crooks Wine of Tar.

ly cures all Coughs and Colds. 1t
has cured so many cases of Asthma
and Bronchitis, that it has been
pronounced a specific for these
complaints. For Pains in the
Breast, Side or Back, Gravel or
Kidney disease, diseases of the
Urinary Organs, Jaundice, or any
Liver Complaint it has no equal.
1t is also a superior Tonic. Re-
stores the Appetite, Strengthens
the System, Restores the Weak and
Debilitated, Causes the food to Di-
gest, Removes Dyspepsia and Indi-
gestion, Prevents Malarious Fee
vers, Gives tone to your System.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

CANE PREsENTATION.-The gold
headed cane voted to Mr.. Cavanagh
at the Catholic Fair, will be pre-
sented to him at the school house,
this (Tuesday,) evening. The cane
has been engraved, and bears the
inscription: "Presented to James
Cavanagh, voted the most popular
citizen of Alpena, at the Catholic
Fair, 1872.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

The Science Of Heath for Sep
TENDER contains large amount of
practical matter. Popular Physio-
logy, profusely illustrated I; Diseases
OF the Eye, with most accurate IL
lustrations; also article on the diff
ferent Medical Systems Editori-
ais on the Cholera, Hay Fever |;
Mud Baths; Elcctro-Magnetism.
and Killing no Murder, as shown
in the Fisk-StolSes case. AS usual
the departments on Agricultural,
to Correspondents, and Voices of
the People are full of information.
All interested in the subject of
health should become subscribers.
Price $500 a year single number
20 cents. s. ii. WELLS, Publisher,
$50 Broadway, New York.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

The following dialogue was acct
dentally overheard last week:
First CitiZen-"What can be done
to make the Pioneer q better local
papers"
Second Citizen-"Get the other
side printed in Chicago"
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
RARE CHANCE.

To any person getting us up club of
twenty-five subscribers to the ARGUS, for
we year, accompanied by the money, we
will give a premium of Ten Dollars in
Cash. Or to any one sending us club
of five, we will send one extra copy of the
ARGUS for the same time.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

Don't forget that the ARGUS Office is
again in good running order We are
prepared, as heretofore, to execute all
manner of job Printing, from Visiting
Card to Mammoth Poster, on the short
est notice, and in good style. No extra
prices on account of the late fire.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

We do not hold oursclf responsible for
the views of our correspondents, or the
ideas contained in any communication to
the ARGUS.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

1t is nothing strange that S. Rosenthal
& Co.'S is the cheapest house in their
line along the shore. They buy for cash
and sell on small margin. Mr.. S. is
going east in short time, and they offer
for sale their present stock at bottom
prices. Irish Popln dress patterns ut
$40. japanese Silk 75c yard, and ev-
erything else in proportion.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
Beautify Your Complexion.

Do not use paint or powder, but
get a more permanent beauty by
purifying your blood. This prepa-
ration of Iron and Poke Root
makes q rough and scaly skin soft
and smooth changes that sallow
complexion to one of freshness and
health, and removes any Eruptite
Diseases of the Skin, Pimples, Pus-
tules, Blotches and Eruptions. II
you wish rosy checks and a healthy
complexion, use DR.. Crooks Com
pound Syrup of Poke Root.
1871
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
Our Reporter on the Alert.

OuE hscpOhCa We shS hsSs"
Extra copies of the ARGUS can be
had at the news depot, and at the
Office of publication.
Some say Lockwood is to be
State Senator. Which is the mad
dest, the Senate or Lockwood!
Rev. Mr.. Robert Brob+, from
Ohio, arrived in this city last We'd
nesday, and will henceforth occupy
the pulpit of the German Lutheran
Church of this city, Meetings will
be held morning and afternoon of
every Sunday, in the Union School
building until the Society can erect
their church.
DIR. Warner, the dentist, says he
will remain in Alpena about three
weeks more. Those wanting their
, teeth taken care of will do them
selves justice by not delaying too
long. His office is over julius
Myers store.
Wurst, the barber, can now be
found in the new building of q. n.
Blackburn, which has been fitted
up for his benefit. Charley says he
is bound to live by giving general
satisfaction.
There is some talk OF consolidat-
ing the Offices of Clerk and Regis
ter. Why not consolidate the of
fees of Bridge Tender and Mayor.
One might attend to the duties of
both offices as well as they are at
tended to now, and not be obliged
to think more than once a month.
Alex. Mcdonald has moved into
his new house, in Potter's addition.
p. McDade has been laying a
sidewalk in front of his premises,
corner Section Line and Third
street.
w. NJ. Mcintyre has been at
work taking Photographic views of
different portions of the city, some
of which can be seen at the Post
Office.
The oyster supper at the Work
ingmcn's Hall, last Friday night
was well attended.
Robert Mooney, who went on
a visit to Ireland few weeks since,
returned to this city last Saturday
morning.
More new sidewalks on Fletcher
street.
-, Mr.. L. Doyle has purchased a 'ot
of Mr.. Geo. Richardson, on Maine
street, on which he is bnilding q
residence.
Through carelessness in trimming
a lamp, and not putting the wick
in correctly, there came very near
being fire in Whittleshofer's news
depot last Friday evening. Too
much care cannot be taken with
Kerosene lamps.
Mr.. Plough is figuring for the
nomination of Judge of Probate.
He ought to send for Mr.. Hardwiclx
to help him. Hardwick knows
what good Judge he makes.
c. Z. Van Gorder has opened his
new meat market on the corner of
Dock and Fletcher street, and, from
present indications, is bound to do
good business.
The city is erecting new engine
house on Chisholm street, i'm the
rear of Whitney's new brick store.
g. A. Hough's Detroit Opera
House troupe gave an entertain
ment at Beebc's Hall last evening
to a good house. The troupe is
well known to many of our citizens,
and we predict for them large
audience every evening this week.
A. A. Parsons, Secretary of the
saginaw County Agricultural So
!. cicty, has our thanks for a compli-
mentary to the exhibition which
takes place on the 25th, Goth and
9th. - s1I
We don't believe Lockwood ever
conflscated q school house. No,
ma'aml
Chaunccy W. Wisncr will soon
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

Printing in colors executed equal to
any country Office in the State, at the
ARGUS Office, In Bolton & Mcltaes
brick block, on Dock street.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

job Printing, in all its branches, neat
ly executed at the ARGUS office, on the
shortest possible notice, and in n salts
flctOrN mnnncr
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

Advertisements must be handed in by
Monday morning to secure Insertion III
the same weeks issue of the ARGUS.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
Local Notices.

A GENERAL CLOSING OUT.-The New
York Cheap Store of Rodman Bros. is
closing out its entire stock Of summer
dress goods. Summer shawls and para
soils ut less than cost. Those summer
goods must be sold to make room for fall
and winter goods. Remember, for bar.
gains, be sure and call at the New York
Cheap Store, first store from the bridge
RODMAN BROS.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

can rely on being cured with this
preparation known as Dr.. Crooks
Compound Syrup of Poke Root
Rheumatism, Pains in Limbs or
Bones, Constitutions broken down
by Mercurial or other poisons, are
all cured by it. For Syphilis, or
Syphilitic faint, there is nothing
equal to it. A trial will prove it.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

Cards, Circulars, Envelopes, Letter
Heads, Note Heads, Bill Heads, State
mcnts, Posters, Handblls, &c, superbly
printed at the ARGU Office.
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17

If you want to see beautiful mems
slippers and boots, you must go to Malsh's
new store. ...N-
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS
New Meat Market {!
NOTICE.
G. p. VAN GORDER

Bewick, Comstock & Co., having disposcd NJ
their entire stock OF goods 90 Messf~ Warner,
Purdy & Co., would respectfully request those
owing them accounts 81 call at their oice and set
tie them.
BEwICK, coMsTocK & co.
Alpcna, September o. 1877. 81
Alpena weekly argus. [volume] (Alpena, Mich.) 1871-1893, 1872-09-17
the Blood Pure

And the Health of the
system will follow. There
is a preparation of Iron
and Poke Root more eff
fectual than all others,
which will remove from
your system the impure
and vitiated blood which
causes disease, and at the
same time build up your
health and strength. 1t
never fails to cure. If
you have Scrofula, Scrof-
ulous Diseases of the
|, Eyes or Ears, or Scrofu-
la in any form, letter,
White Swelling, Old
Sores, Ulcers, or Scrofu-
lous Inflammations, YOU
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
Renaissance of John Bell.
NASHVILLE, Tenn, ST

NASHVILLE, Tenn, Sept. 4.
In 1856 L have forgotten the year, my
daughter was OH visit to her grandmOth-
er, Mrs. James Crockett, who is sister of
the late John Bell, of Tennessee. Being in
Nashville on business, and learning that
Mr.. Bell and family were in the act of leav-
ing the city with aview of settling on their
farm on the Cumberland, they went down
to the boat on which he had taken passage.
They found him very feeble indeed. Upon
being introduced to my daughter, he was
asked by his sister if he did not remember
me. as an old line Wing, and one of the
conductors of the Franklin Weekly ReuieaO.
He said, "Oh, yes. 1 remember him WELL
He was then told that l was also Union
man. This seemed to reanimate him, and
the old fire came back to his almost glazed
eyes, when he replied, Did you say he
was Union man, Martha" Speaking to
his sister, EYES," was her response.
And was he firm" responded the old dy-
ing patriot. YES" again replied Mrs.
Crockett. Laying his hand upon the arm
of his sister, he responded with emphasis,
1t is a pity that there had not been more
of them. He has a longer head than |
have" These were almost the last words
of that remarkable of Tennessee's great
men, and showed the drift of his feelings
and thoughts in reference to the great con-
test through which we have passed.
p. NJ. NEAL.
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
The Alabama and Chattanooga Railroad.

The Chattanooga Herald of yesterday
contains the following intelligence:
We, with the people, rejoice with un-
speakable joy in the contamination of ar
rangements by which Col. J. G. Stanton
has been appointed Superintendent of the
A. & G.. Road. We learn from several re-
liable gentlemen who have received letters
both from Col. Stanton and Judge Haral-
son, the receivers of the road, that the
above statement is, beyond doubt, true.
The recent embarrassments of the road
have been settled by the Trustees paying
to the State of Alabama So, 312, 900, the sum
bid by the State at the bankrupt sale.
Lewis Rico, of Boston, and Judge Haral-
son, of Alabama, have been appointed Re-
CeiverS.
The company which now has the road
are Bostonians who have large capital,
and there is no doubt of their success.
They leave decided to move their shops to
this place, where they will have all
the work executed except building
engines, which will add considerably to
the interests of Chattanooga. Col. Stan
ton will be here in a few days, when he
will be prepared to put the shop in opera
ton at once, and proceed to make all ne
cessary repairs by stocking the road and
putting it in first class condition from Me-
ridian to Chattanooga.
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
LATEST BY TELEGRAPH.
POLITICAL.
GAS Goes Maine, So Goes fhe Union y
The .sGround Swell" in the Pine Tree
state,
The CreeIeyites Again Defeated by a
Large Majority.
Emil Republican Delegation 10 Con-
greSS.

NEW YORK, Sept. 9.-The returns from
Maine come in slowly. The Republicans
claim increased majOrities over last years
vote in all sections as far as heard from, land
the State by about Il, 900 majority; also all
congressman.
LEWISTON, Me-, Sept. "a large Vote
cast shows heavy Republican gains. The
vote at o'clock p. m. stood, Perham, Re-
publican, 81; Kimball, Democrat, 433.
PORTLAND, Sept. AT o'clock p. m.
the tally lists in Portland show for Perham,
Republican, =, 421 for Kimball, Democrat
and Liberal, 2,I3S-Republican majority
2S3.
The vote in 1871 was, for Perham, 2,l92 (;
for Kimball, 1,S14, being Republican ma
jority of 27S.
The polls closed at 1 o'clock, p. IN.
The tally at one o'clock showed that the
vote in this city stood:
Perham, Republican: 1879; Kimball,
Democratic and Liberal, ,734; Republican
majority, 145 at this hour.
Last year the tally showed the other way
at noon.
RockIand county stood 24S Republican
majority. Last year its total majority
was %.
BANGOR, Sept. 9.-Bangor gives Perham,
Republican, 1897; Kimball, Democrat,
1886. Republican majority 362 against
last year. Perham 49,; Kimball Lilo.
Republican majority $40, Chamberlain's
majority in 1868 was 7S3. The majority of
Hersey, Republican, for Congress, is larger
than that for Perham. The total vote is
the largest ever polled in this city.
The vote in Portland gives 143 Republic
can majority. The official returns have
not yet been announced.
PORTLAND, Me-, Sept. o. ROckland
gives Perham 80 majority against 80 last
year.
Hale, candidate for Congress from The
9Th District is ahead of the general ticket.
The county will undoubtedly go Republi-
can. Belfast gives Perham $50 majority
against 240 last year.
AUGUSTA, Me-, Sept. 9.-Knox county
gives Republican majority for the first
time in ten years. The Republicans claim
the reelection of Governor Perham by
5000 majority; also the election of their
five Congressman.
WAsHINGToN, Sept. 9.-Private dis
patches give 1900 majority and a full del
egation to the Republicans. Nothing has
been received through the regular cham
nelS
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
FOR EICN.
LABOR TROUBLES IN ENGLAND.
The Geneva Arbitration-Riot in Berlin

The Geneva ArbitratiOn-RiOt in Berlin.
LONDON, Sept. 9.-Great satisfaction pre-
walls among the Internationals here at the
decision of The Hague Congress to remove
the General Council from London to New
York.
The cabinetmakers and upholsterers' eight
hour league dissolved yesterday. Accord
ing to the report of the finance committee
recent strike ended disastrously to the
funds of the league and the officers accused
oIulshonesty In the management of the
treasury.
The coach drivers association held a
special meeting to take steps to have their
wages, as coach drivers, increased from
Sl2to S14 per week. 1t was resolved to en-
ter On strike October LIST.
The eight hour league of the furniture
trada, which has :, $50 members, held a meet
ing yesterday ,atwhich report was submit
ted slowing SIS, 900 expended during the re-
cent strike for support of men, and that So, ,.
900 still remain in the treasury. The organi-
zatiol is to resume a movement next
spring when central organization Will be
formed covering all the other trades.
GENEVA, Sept 9.-It is rumored that
the Arbitration awards the United States
threeand half millions sterling.
BELIN, Sept. 9.-The disorderly portion
of tn population of Berlin took occasion
during the grand military parade on Sat-
urdaylast to create many disturbances.
On'party of riotous characters, enraged
at tn advance in the price of beer by
Hope & Co., made an attack upon their
brewery and completely wrecked it.
TIL police were forced to charge the
crow with drawn swords, and it was not
disposed then until many persons were
wounded and still larger number were
arresed
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10

lecture. They took dinner with brother of
MI. John Coppenger, on Connesauga Creek,
who meeting them shortly afterwards was told
OF the tragic event, and expressed his surprise
that they
HAD NOT GONE IN PURSUIT
Of the villains. They replied that they would
not attempt it with less than twenty five men.
Mr.. 9. told them they could be easily raised,
well armed and mounted at that, and proffered
the use of pack Of hounds to trail them with,
which offer they declined. At this time, early
Saturday afternoon, they had not informed Mr.
Boyd of his sons death, but did so shortly after
Mr.. Coppenger had Indignantly expressed his
opinion of their conduct.
What is somewhat remarkable is that nothing
was said about the horses ridden by Boyd, Rea-
gan and Hensley, although they were robbed
and even Boyd's person rifed of whatever val
uables he possessed. The number of the murder
erS was also given Inherently, sometimes as four
and at others five. .r.. .....-
We have conversed with several gentlemen
from Monroe county on the subject and given
the substance above. AS to the
FACTS IN THE CASE,
We shall probably learn them to-day. We
have at this time given the accounts and views
of men who are we'll acquainted with Thos G.
Boyd and his companions, Reagan and Hensley,
and familiar with the country, without COM
ment.
That there are we'll grounded reasons for the
story of his death none will deny after learning
of the large number of friends who left Sweet
water to attend the funeral and
among them such an influential ele-
ment as the Masonic brotherhood, an
order which is opposed to deceit and fraud
in all its forms; and that funeral was an
nounced is we'll known, and as a corpse is a
very necessary adjunct to funeral, the ques-
ton very naturally arises, if the corpse an
nounced to be inferred yesterday was not that of
Thos. G. Boyd, whose was it? We have heard
of no other person recently killed, and exposure
would too closely follow detection to make a
fraud of this kind easy of preparation.
A Government detective went down to Sweet
water yesterday afternoon, and the truth of the
matter in all its details will be made known in
due time. In the meanwhile, until the facts are
known we snail express no opinion on the SUBJ
ject, which it now mysterious, to say the least
of n
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
HOM z NEWS.
Fire tn Memphis-SeriOus Illness of cX
Governor Curtin,

Governor Curtin,
GALENA, Sept. 9.-Bennett & Why's
Touring mills were burned.
MEMPHIS, Sept. 9.-The block between
Union and Monroe streets was burned. The
loss amounts to $3.50, 900.
The Peabody Hotel, Opera House, Court
House and POstoffice were threatened at
one time.
New YORK, Sept. 9.-Ex-G Governor Cur
tin, who has been removed from Brooklyn
to this city, is again in critical condition
having been Frustrated by the large num-
Der of visits from indiscreet persons.
The new statue of Walter Scott, design
ed for Central Park, arrived here from
Europe Saturday.
Arough beat Henry Benson, an inotfen-
sive citizen, fatally.
Charles E. Loew declines the mayoralty
candidacy.
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. "a polygamist
awaiting trial was found drowned. He
leaves four wives to mourn his loss.
A colored man fatally wounded his wife
in quarrel.
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
REPUBLICAN RALLY!
THE STATE CAMPAIGN OPENED!
Speaking Tonight at the Court House!

cptdhInS 1O'nlSuG dt tHo OVu AV"0o
Senator Gibson, of Campbell county, will
speak tonight at the Court House, on Demo
cratic Misrule, Democratic Wrong-doing and
Democratic Shortcomings in TENNESSEE"
Let every tax payer attend, and see where
their money goes.
Senator Gibson will show, from official re-
ports, from official records and from other au-
thentic data, that the State finances have been
ignorantly, loosely, wastefully and corruptly
administered. The inside workings of the DEM
ocratic Ring who rule Tennessee will be opened
to the public gaze, and the whited sepulchre of
Democracy in Tennessee will have its corrup-
tons laid bare.
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10


not having taken decided position on
either side, which is probably correct.
ANDY EXPLAINS.
In Andy Johnson's big speech at Column
bia, on Saturday, he explained his connec-
ton with the hanging of Mrs. Surratt,
which explanation we find reported in the
Union and american as follows:
In regard to the execution of Mrs. Sur
raft MIR. Johnson gave this version: Mrs.
Surratt lived in Washington, which was
then military camp, and with the writ of
naDeas corpus suspended. Who was Mrs.
Surratt? She was a woman living in
Washington, at whose house lived the men
that conspired the plan of assassinating
Mr.. Lincoln, and which plan led to his
Washington ordered military court. She
was tried before this military court and
found guilty. Here was a court O fair trial
in tribunal, and she was found guilty.
Then, it was wrong to blame him, for ac-
cording to this you would place the blood
of every man convicted and executed for
crime upon the hands of the Governor, be-
cause simply he refused to pardon. Under
the circumstances / deemed it my duty to
withhold the pardon-one of the few that
/ ever withheld. 1t was necessary in le-
gal view for any person to admit his or her
guilt before pardon could be granted, and
some, he thought, who now claim that
Mrs. Surratt ought to have been pardoned,
ought not themselves, perhaps, to have
been pardoned. In view of his whole duty
some he pardoned and some he didn't par
don
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
LIST OFILETTERs.
Advertised September Q. 1872.

Persons calling for these letters will please Ad
vertised and give the date of this list If called
for within one month, they will be sent to the Dead
Letter Office One cent will be collected on each letter
when delivered. -.--..-
A-Miss Florence Anderson
IA Bradley, Emanuel Brown. Mrs II Bubb, G
W Brown, Master II B Baker, James Bearden (eoPd),
John Black. Miss Maggie Bell.
C-Mrs = Combs, A d COmyne. Miss Carrie Cole,
j Crawford 2, Mrs Malissa Clancy,
D-DixGn, Smith Co., Mrs Susan Dobason.
F-B Foster
ton.
J-Margaret j johnson.
KzF kellogg. Mrs IL KimbalI, Mrs Kinwane.
NJ Il Koon. t
-Wm Lewis, 2.
M-Masield & Co., c j McKinny, Ed McLain, Capt
g Margraves.
N-Joseph Medley.
P-Geo w Farmer
R-Key Abram Ryan, james II Rowland Mrs L NJ
Reeves, Lee Rice.
S-Somers & Co., Henry Sexton, John A Shipman,
James Steph enson William Shetterly.
n, T-George W Thompson, D Treadwell, Oscar
Thompson.
W-Albery Whitman. Miss Hannah Wagner ., Will
Watson.
Knoxville daily chronicle. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1870-1882, 1872-09-10
Coles Combination.

Gees circus gave two performances IN this
cityyesterday afternoon and at night to crowd
ed avilions at each. The performance OF the
yong ladies on the trapeze was splendid, and
hose Duke Alexis,H showed the most careful
trining on the part of his keeper, Mr.. Henry
Coke, while the acts of the Van Zaudt brothers
wre as graceful as they were difficult.