The New York herald., 1872-12-16
PERU.

PERU.
The Railway from Callao to the Head
Waters OF The Amazon.
LIMA, Nov. 27, 1872.
Referring 10 the material advancement OF this
Republic, NJ Pardo satisfied himself few days
since as to the rapidity with which the Andes are
being conquered by genius and energy. The great
railway leading from Calao through the chain of
the C0rdilleras to the Peruvian head waters OF the
mighty Amazon, now being constructed by Mr..
Henry Meiggs, was made the subject of his personal
inspection. Passing through the rich valley OF
the Rimac, the river upon which Lima Is
built, the President and his party arrived at the
terminus ofthe works, some eighty three kilometres
from Callao, at point called Verrugas, where the
road, In order to span one OF those appalling
gorges which are so frequent In the mountain
ranges OF Peru, crosses viaduct which called into
play the utmost resources OF engineering SKILL
This structure Is built Of iron, constructed in the
United States and measuring 575 feet from end to
end II Is supported by three piers the highest 252
feet above the foundation OF masonry. The yiaduct
is 1,6O0 metres above the level OF the sea- In the
very heart OF the Andes. In order to reach this
remarkable point the line winds, ascends and re-
turns again to Its initial starting place at the base
OF the chain over an extended expanse of granite
mountain, in one instance, to gain a few feet Of
elevation, making retreat, SO to call It, OF nearly
mile and q hall.
M. Pardo, his Cabinet, the majority of the men,
bers OF Congress and the diplomatic corps resident
In Lima viewed this wonderful achievement Of sci
ence over the rugged obstacles offered by nature
with admiration and surprise. The President, who
mas travelled much abroad, and to whose efforts,
made years ago, the country is now Indebted for a
means oh q ri rpI,
ana virgin territory, expressed his satisfaction at
the result attained by Mr.. Meiggs in his arduous
undertaking. He spoke in the most inspiring man
ner regarding the benefits to be derived by Peru
rom these arteries, which place the capital
and nterprise Of the coast in direct contact
with the riches and resources of the interior and
signifed again his olten-declared determination to
further the work OF internal Improvement so ener-
getcally Initiated by his unfortunate predecessor
with all the power at his disposal The Senators
and Representatives who accompanied M. Pardo
echoed his sentiments, and Mr.. John G. Meiggs
who acted as host on the occasion, offered, as
proof Of the earnestness his brother and himself
n the enterprise, the already accomplished facts.
A-- NATIONAL PROGRESS IN GENERAL.
From all quarters OF Peru the reports are most
gratifying regarding the progress of the many rail
ways now being constructed. The line from Are
quipa to PunO and that from an intermediate point
between those two cities to the ancient capital of
the lncas CuZcO, will both be completed within
comparatively short space OF time.
In the north the Huaraz end Chlmbote, the Pa
caxmayo and Guadalupe, the Saaverry and Tru-
lilo, and the Huach0 and Sayan railroads are
rapidly approaching completion. Within I'VE years
seven hundred miles Of troned way, and her mar
vel'ous wealth. hitherto cablned and confined by
the impossibility OF transportation, will cause her
to speedily assume her just and merited position
among nations.
Gle RELATIONS TOWARDS SPAIN-SYNPATHY FOR
That never-ending question of peace or armis-
tice with Spain is again being energetlcally dis
.cussed by the press and the people. Some weeks
since q grand celebration took place at Santiago.
In Chile on the anniversary of the declaration of
Cuban Independence, and some Of the speakers
ON the occasion, men representing the government
and the Legislature, declared that Chile could
tUn the Of
atoned for and while Cuba was struggling for her
place in the family Of republics. This declaration
question, arranged by the government OF the
United States between the governments Of Spain
ours clause to the effect that Cuba shall not be
assisted with men or material OF war during her
attempts for freedom by these republics unless
having previously obtained the sanction OF the
government OF the United States.
That Is to say, that the armstlce entered into BY
the Aforesaid nations should not be broken without
notice OF such intention, to be conveyed by the
government OF the United States to the interested
Course, would tie the hands OF tie South American
Republics ,signing the Convention with regard to
unfortunate Cuba. Peru, however. has not ratified
will allow the time specified for the ratications to
pass BY without taking acton In the premises. SO
ruitless, and the same paper war which has
existed between Spain and her quondam colonies
tpe Per hs s M m S a
between the two countries is Insignificant, and the
hatred held towards Spain throws all commercial
THE WAR FEELING TOWARDS JAPAN
The unfortunate matter OF the coolie ship Maria
Luz recently detained in the harbor OF Yokohama
by the Japanese authorities, Is still thorn in the
side OF Peru. Here one word may be said respect
ing this semi-save system. From the very fact
that the Peruvian laws allow this traflc 1T Is sup
posed generally that popular opinion is favorably
inclined towards it, and that the sunerngs OF the
coolies are regarded with unconcern by the COM
munty at large. Quite the contrary. II Peru
could be directed to some other certain means for
and factories that means would be readily and
gladly employed The Chinese Imported to
peGu pe 81 sns ares % 'he po
those who bring them to this coast; but
their habits, character and instincts are by no
means beneficial to the country. The different
projects OF immigration, already alluded to in my
previous dispatches and now being matured by
the government may effect a radical change In
the system now followed, and no Peruvian agricul-
.turist would for moment hesitate between en-
gagng an intelligent, honest and hardworking
class OF men naturally treacherous revengeiul
and dscontented with their lot.
In the meantime the iron-clad frigate 1ndepen-
dencia Is rapidly being made ready for her voyage
CaptalD GarCld, neT COmmauueT, IL aCCreultcu 10
the courts OF Jedd0 and Pekin as the Plenipoten-
uary OF Peru. His instructions are to endeayor to
procure
FROM THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT
consent to o treaty by which the Northern ports
OF China may be opened to emigration and In re-
turn the present system OF the coOlie traic will be
changed to an arrangement guaranteeing the good
treatment OF the coolies and their return to China
at the expiration OF their contract time the cx.
penses oftheir return voyage to be paid by their
employers.
With japan
THE QUESTION rs MORE SERIOUS.
The action OF the authorities at Yokohama and
the findings OF the Japanese Courts are regarded
Is without precedent In the history oil errors. The
assumption OF jurisdiction and the consequent I
liberation OF q number OF Chinese who had signed
fholr nrta tp tha