New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1872-09-04
OREGON.
ITS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.
~ rd,forof The Tribune

ITS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
To The BdttOr OF The Tribune
SIR: Oregon covers comparatively large
extent of country and the diversity OF soil, climate, and
general condition is very great In the western anu
moro particularly the northwestern part, there - mag
nifcent timber in almost nexhaustble quantities. WHO
in the eastern part there millions OF acres WIN
scarcely a tree. The western part Ia well watered with
an abundance Of fine streams of water; the eastern part
is almost destitute OF running streams, and those tst
do course through have cat their channel so deep as 10
be almost vaueless One may travel for hundreds OF
miles on the banks OF fine stream OF water and yet De
hundreds Of feet above IT, and at place DO able 10
reach it, The western part Is as fine arabic hhu as
there is in the world producing wheat and other grains
nj quality that cannot be exceled. and IN quantities
10 the acre that almost fabulous running as h6h
in some cases so bushels per acre. anu
50 and GO bushels being not unusual Yield In the
eastern and central parts there IL little but grazing lahu
except in valleys along the margins Of tho streams
and in some exceptional ranges OF country where the
valleys are large and well waerod In the western part
1.-THE willamette Valley 1t rains almost constantly Tor
seven months in tho year; ice and snow are almost I'M
known tho rainy taking tho place OF our winter
IL is seldom cold enough to require the use OF an over
coat the average Of the Thermometer being about GO.
In the eastern part Winters cold with snow ana
at times are very The drouths OF Summer are
very crops, and in some parts of tho central
and eastern sections It had scarcely raned Tor two years
prior to last Fall The choice farming lands are in the
west the willamette Valley which Is $50 miles long by
20 miles wide and In the eastern part the Waa Wala
Valley, a large extent OF country; but III both
OF them good worth from SIS to $50 per acre
The grazing lands in the central part of the State
good being largely covered with the dry bunch on
which cattle live Summer and Winter. and, If not COW
cred with snow they need feed other than 1t fur
nj hes IL Is nutritious and stock prefer IL TO the
ordinary mea low grass There millions OF acres
claimed by no one, and which will probably remain so
for many years. owing TO the scarcity Of water over
which cattle in unlimited quantities can grace and as
they need not water ofener than once in two days
herd Will craze over many miles OF territory The adj
yantages to man who afford to pay say se5 per
acre for good piece of land, very many His first
crop will pay for his land, and he has good market
Last Fall wheat selling at 81 10 to II 20 per bushel
The climate healthy and the people are as class equal
IN or Eastern rural districts and the older towns
some very desirable places In which 10 i've Rail
roads are fast opening mich OF the state, ana VIII
randly ADVANCE the price OF land The disadvantages
ara ca syiiv summed m man without money going
upon Government land to get good land must go far
away from civilization, be deprived largely OF churches
schools and other privileges of older settled states ana
must expect to remain for many years away IRON al
that goes to make up comforts OF life. TO willing
20 do this, good lands be had for nothing or AT
merely nominal price. The Northern Pacific Railroad Is
now opening a fine stretch OF country Almost the
whole extent OF 1t Is admirable grazing land well
wacred and at no point are there the sage Drhsn ana
alkali plains which render thousand miles Of the
Union Pacific country OF no value aud gave 1t the name
OF the American Desert.
Along end OF the Northern Pacific Railroad.
Il passes through grazing lands, where the rich green
grass grows the hight OF 10 feet and where for the
past years 1t has not been necessary To honse or Iced
cattle stock ranging In II. Yet the market Tor cattle
is now such as TO make the business OF herdnS
cattle at year sell for So two years $780, three years
$40 As they cost nothing except two or three herdsmgn
be estimated The timber lands through which the rail-
will within five years be worth $40 per acre In some
they yield 100000 feet to the acre. and 2ocoOs
The Columbia River, naylgable with ten short inter
ruptons filled in by railroad for LOO miles, Is not the
least among the grand and beautiful rivers OF the world
For 500 miles far exces the Hudson the Rhine and
Puget Sound. which with the Straits OF san
Is n grand inland sea on which even now is
a large fleet OF trading vessels, and Is soon destined
rying trade OF the East. For young man with energy
no region be better than that OF the Northwest
Washington. Aug. 20, 1874 T. N. O.
AN ENTHUSIASTIC EULOGY.
TO me Edtior Of The Tribune.
SIR: All that has been said of the
great natural resources nvlgorang climate, and fer
tty Of so" Of Oregon has not been oyerdrawn. As 10
its disadvantages now positively has none, and never
had but one, isolaton-and that In few months will be
overcome, by completion OF the Oregon and Cafor
MIA Railroad This road beginning at Portland Oregon
passes entirely Western oregon, the richest and
best part of the State and at Sacramento with
the California and Transatlantic Railroads. Be
side this, there two or three other
railroads chartered, which will doubtless be
speedily constructed, giving ample facilities for
communication with all parts Of the continent. The ex
perienoe OF twelve years residence In Oregon ena
bes me 10 speak OF the peculiares OF climate, &c. ad
ysedly think can safely say that the climate OF Ore
gon ia the most uniform on the American continent
Sudden changes are known there The process OF
change OF temperature either from wet to dry or from
warm TO cool as is never hot cold there wea Their
usually takes from three days. time. The sudden
changes OF temperature and the high winds aud lorna
does OF Nebraska and the West generally unknown.
During the Spring Summer and FALL the morning winds
uniformly from the east and north, ana the after
evenings the cool and refreshing sea breezes
from the The almost continuous direction OF the
winds for the Winter 10 from tho south, always warm,
and bringing abundance Of rain The rainy season 10
spring wheat oats and barley and plant early gardens
In January and February The Oregon nsts" lrains)
during the Winter are the most unpleasant fea-
ture OF the climate TO the new conner, but
he soon learns to enjoy them when he realizes
that the great supply OF moisture thus furnished
failure OF crops mpossibtY In the driest sea-
known. The great drouths Of California which
often for two or three years In succession entirely
destroy the hopes Of the husbandman utterly up
known In Oregon. The soil is q clayey loan, and ex-
ceedngly productive and retentve Of moisture. The
10 be careful and candid although BRIEF state
ment OF facts 10 tho peouisrities OF climate, &c. OBJ
tanning there. and tho willingly he believes II TO
offer Inducements tn the grant, both " ell
and resources, than any other part Of the great
" Far West" D..
ANA "a