davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
AcQuiGtaI of Mrs. Lloyd.

The trial OF Mrs. Emily r.. Lloyd, thaiG-
ed with the murder by poison Of herinlaht
daughter Maud, which las been in pro9fta'
at Lcesbnrg for the past line days, TENN
mated late Friday afternoon ia The ar'luhtN
Of the prisoner,
Argument for the State and lle defence
lasted nearly all day--and The ease CIV"
b. the jury at 5:4j p. IN. Twenty minutes
later a verdict Of not guilty Was iendfIr"'
Judge Keith told The jny That ,r
thought the verdict was warranted by me
evidence, aud the prisoner Was diselats'"
from custody.
I here is some anlagOnistic feeling eAl,'-
ng between the chemical experts IN i'iL-
ton 10 the different analyses Ct blNih'',i'
given in evidence in the case bef"i" IN"
court, in which different results were Oh
tanned; some testifying 10 the presence ct
arsenic in bismuth, aud others that lii'y
failed to get il from their analyses. htH
will probably repeat their experiments /"
analy ling biamuth, 10 support theiI Hr'''-
tilic regulations, and make them pno',''
Considerable commOtiOn is manifested p>
druggists and physicians, and the p"iIF
generally, at the discovery OF arsenic III
bismuth, which will probably affect It's use
in medical practice.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
ELECTION SUMMARY.

Phelps, Republican is elected from the 5th
n. j. District majority 2. $50. New jersey
elects Republican congressman, and the Re
publcans have ma Ority on joint ballot. The
Republicans carry the State by about 1900.
Many Republican members of the New York
Legislature are opposed to COnklin's re-elec-
ton to the Senate.
Loundes, Republican from the 9th MAJ yland
District, is elected by l,765 majority.
Chudder, Republican, is elected from the LIST
n. Y. District by 900 majority.
The Liberals carry but one county in Kansas
st. Louis county gives Greeley over 1000
majority.
Grants majority in Chicago is 5000. Rice
Wood and FarWell, Republicans, are elected to
Congress. The Republican majority in illinois
is about $4,000. Illinois elects II Republican
members to Congress.
Page and Clayton, Republicans, are elected
to Congress from California. One hundred and
forty precincts outside of the city Of San Fran
cisco, give Grant $3.50 majority.
Both parties claim Virginia
Returns from Alabama meagre.
Both parties still claim Lou lsia ma thou gh the
Liberals regard their success as almost certain
by IL, 900.
Florida is claimi by both parties by very
small majOrities. Greeley runs behind the State
ticket.
Indications exist OF 10, COO majority in N Oh tn
Carolina for Grant.
Dispatches from Nashville indicate that
Maynard, Republican, is elected Congressman
at large, over johnson and Cheatham.
The immense Republican gains in every sec
ton of Virginia, heard from, justify the CON
clusion that Grant has carried the State The
Republicans claim it, and but few Democrats
hold out in claiming it for Greeley.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
South Carolina Items

Rev. G. c. PInckney, Rector of Grace
Church, in Charleston, has returned from
a European tour.
The horse malady is increasing rapidly
in Charleston and hundreds Of the animals
are now laid up with it.
On Sunday night, the 27Lh ultimo, the
stable OF Mr.. Voc, in Ahbeville county, S.
c., was broken into aud valuable bay
horse stolen. Mr.. zoe traced the thief to
Hamburg. On Friday last the alleged
thief, negro named Louis Wesleyan alias
Ben Mclntre, crossed over the bridge C.
Augusta, where he was at once seized by
the police and carried to Headquarters
The horse was aiterwa ards found OH a plan
tatlOn on the other side of the river
The Columbia Union reports that on
MoGday evening last one of the passenger
ears on the Spartanburg and Union Rail
road jumped the track, overturned and
rolled down an embankment some twenty
feet or more, where it now lays, landed
stop side down." There were several pas-
sengers in it at the time, as reported, who
mlracnsously escaped with few bruises,
the one being hurt the most receiving a cut
under the eye. The train went on to
Spartanburg after the accident, Carving
the passengers in the box cars.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

d. P. Robson, late Assistant Superintendent
on the Memphis & Little River Railroad, was
shot on Monday night, in a street car, in Mem
phis, by K. B. Miller. 1t is said that Miller
fired in self-defence, and that the wound Is dan
gerOus Politics.
The completion of the telegraph line will be
formally celebrated in Melbourne, Australia,
on the 18th.
The German Government has created a num-
Der of new peers, in order to carry the local
government
Susan 3. Anthony and eight other women
voted at Rochester. There were Is women re-
gistered in the same district
The statement that the Treasury Department
had decided that the DETERMINATIONS against
French bottoms applies to sselS lf1oat is pre-
mature. The matter is still under ad ViseInent,
but such decision is probable.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

WASHINGTON, Nov. 6.-NOne of the street
cars are running to-day.
In Cleveland. Ohio, there al ed 900 sick horses
No street cars are running. There are no signs
of abatement
In Chicago, Ill, a cold rain prevails and a
number of deaths have occurred. Oxen are Low
doing the hauling.
RALEIGH N. C., Nov. G-The horse malady
appeared at Wynne, Yancey 81 Co. stables, in
this city, this morning. MIR. HaywoOds fine
trOtting mare, "Fannie Haywood "LOafer"
anC "POmerOy" are down with it. 1t is rapidly
spreading. The Wholesale merchants and
cotton factors nave ordered oxen from the sur
rounding country.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

marks with regard to the other members of the
Cabinet would be mere speculation, but it may
be said that the com missions of all of them will
expire at the close of the present term, thus me-
cessitating new com missfon3 to those serving as
cabinet officers after the 4th of March next.
1t IL too early to anticipate tho Presidents
action in the future concerning reforms and
measures OF the administration. further than
his intimation to-day that he win endeavor
to shape his official conduct as to meet the x
pectatiOn of the country. and to unite the peO-
pie in stronger bonds of peace. while by all
means in his power promoting their welfare at
home and abroad.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
WASHINGTON.
Che President and the ResuIt-The
Cabinet and Grants Policy.
WAsuTNnrnN Nov ~

Those who have cOnversed with President
Grant and his more intimate friends in " @ h
inRton during the past month will remember
that they unffOF mly predicted such a result OF
the Presidential election as has lust occurred.
They seemed to possess data from gentlemen
in different parts OF tiie country which justified
them in their hopes and prospects nOB fully
realized.
Judge Williams recently remarked to some
friends that although he could have been elect
ed Senator from oregon, he declined being q
candidate in order that he might remain in his
present Office.
There is good reason for stating that any re-
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
WAYNE COUNTY.
GoLDspoRo, Nov.

GoLDsBORO, Nov. 5.
The election in the GoldsborO township
was the quietest ever held here. About 100
registered whites failed to vote. The ne
eroes voted their full strength The result
in the township is 10 for Greeley to 5l3
for Grant, a Radical gain of So on the
August vote. No straight-outs.
Reports from the country precints indi-
cate a great apathy on the part OF the
whites. Nahunta township reports 81
Radical gain. Boon Hill township, in
johnson county, had no Greeley tickets
till supplied from here, at ) o'clock this
afternoon.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
DUPLIN COUN TY.

MAGNOLIA, Nov. 5.
Magnolia township, 1914 for Greeley; 1875
for Grant. Democratic majority 20.
WARSAW, Nov. 5.
This township gives Greeley IL major
ity. The vote is as follows: Greeley 1856 !;
Grant 145, Conservative loss Of about 90
on the Governors election. The other
precincts have not been heard from yet.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
RICHMOND.

Laurinburg gives Greeley 143; Grant
124; Conservative falling off of votes.
No gains.
Rockingham gives Greeley 100; Grant
2O3, Radical gain of 81.
This county gives Grant 400 majority,
Radical gain of 16O OH the vote Of August
last.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
NEW YOR K.
The RcsuIt-VIews of the New York
Press.

Press.
New York, Oct 6.-Fhe Herald's election es-
to Greeley eight; PCS electoral votes for
Grant to 80 for Greeley. The popular ma
jOrity for Grant is placed at $50 Goa.
The Herald editOrially says that "whether
the result will DE accounted for 10y the popular
strength of Gen. Grant on one hand or the
weakness Of Horace Greeley and the feebleneSs
OF Ll c Liberal Republicans combined with the
Democratic vote on the other hand, it is in
many respects the most remarkable Presiden-
tial election in the history OF the country.
The Tribune gives Grant 232 electoral votes
at the lowest, and 10 for Greeley, with the rest
doubtful. There is scarcely II parallel, it says,
in the com pieteness OF the result and triumph.
1t argues that Liberalism cannot withstand the
enormous OUTLAWS OF money expended by the
Republicans III the canvass. General Grant
now has four years more of power with heavy
Congressional majOrities, and in whatever
form ne may seek to effect, he will have the aid
of the Tribune.
The World places Grants popular majority
at 500 900. 1t says that defeat is due to the
Democracy guaranteeing to Greeley; that de-
morAliZatiOn consequent upon the New Tam
any ring peculatlOn of a year or two ago. d.
hea1tsned the party and caused the nomination
in time from the Tammany crimes to do any
thing until too late.
The Times gives Grant 800 electoral votes
and Greeley only 43, with the Dalan :e doubt
full.
All but three election Districts have been
heard from on the MayOralty vote in this city
which give Havemeyer, Republican, 81 1853 !;
Lawrence, Tammany, 48 ,565 OBJ len, Apollo
Hall, s4,3O1-Haye meyers plurality being
3,44.
The Assembly in tho Stat, will probably
stand Al Democrats to 81 Republicans. The
Senate is Republican, holding over from last
year.
The Tribune, in commenting on the result
says: The Liberal Republican strength III
North Carolina. Vermont and Maine was
nearly neutraIiZed by the Democrats who
wouldn't I" eat crow" when they could get s. to
500 for not eating 1t.
The New York Congressional delegation is
now composed of % Republicans and 10 Demo-
Gratis The last delegation was com posed OF Is
Republicans and 16 Democrats.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

Grants majority at Morehfad precinct is
10, Republican gain OF 40. The Con
servatives did not poll anything like their
strength, aud there seems to be lack Of
interest felt over the county.
Greeley'5 majority at the Newport pre-
cinct is II; Republican gain If l3.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

We see it stated that an unexpected ap-
pllcatlon of the Ku-klux law has been
made at New Orleans, where number of
strikers have been arrested and held I'M
der the law for interfering with men who
choose to work without regard to tho
strike,
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

A Detroit woman was lately married
While her son, young man Of twenty,
who bad appeared on the scene with a re-
yolyer, threatened to shoot the bride
groom and preacher, was held down and
sat on by some of the invited guests.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
MECkLENBTRG.
CARTARET.

Small vote. Radical gain in the county
rs far as heard from, 127.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
PEN NSYLVANIA.

Death of General Meade-The Horse
Malady.
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 8.
General Meade died this evening of pneu-
mOnia.
The wet weather aggravatcs the horse disease,
ana mf are now hauling wagons.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

Memphis, Nov. 5-Maynard r. for Congress at
large, carries this county. The contest is close
for Con Rress in this district.
0AWsThe returns from the State are meagre s
but show Greeley to be ahead of the State ticket.
has been defeated for Congressman at large,
with the chances in favor OF Maynard Radical.
nard, Rep, 900 plurality, in East Tennesseee.
johnson gets twO-thirds Of De mOcratic vote: IL
is close between Carter and Butler In LIST DIS os
ThOrnburg. Rad, probably elected IN "a:
Chrutc hfeld, Rad, leads his ticket in Sd, but
chances favor Key, Dem.
TEXAS.
MEiection progssssing s quietly. ts;e The
GEORGIA.
Augusta, Nov. 5-Greeley's majority in this
city Is 300; in the county 900. Election quiet
The probable majority in the Eight District for
Greeley is ZOO. General Wright, Democrat,
is elected to Congress by large majority.
LATER.
Greeley carries Georgia by 10000 majority.
Ali the Democratic congressman are elected.
LATER-MIDNIGHT.
Savannah, Nov. 5.--Rawls. Democrat, is
probably elected to Congress.
INDIANA.
The returns from Indiana are coming in slow
ly. Large Republican gains are reported from
"a. M.-The Democratic Central Committee
comedies the State to Grant by 5000.
LATER.
The State is said to be sure for Grant.
MIDNIGHT.
indianapolis, Nov. 5-Thirty-twO townships
and wards show net Republican gain over
Hendricks vote OF COS.
VERMONT.
Montpelier, Nov. 5.-Sixtysix towns gives
Grant Il, 165; greeley 1913 The O'Conor vote
is very light. The three Republican nominees
are elected to Congress by the usual majority
2o'cl ,ck, A. M.-Grant's majority $40 D.
MARYLAND
Baltimore, Nov. 1.-The third congressional
District COMPRISING the first nine ward Ut the
city, gives O'Bren, Democrat, $3.50 majority
over Turner, Independent Republican. The
fouI tn congressional District, comprising the
teenth, gives Swami, ID, ,272 majority over Girls
void, independents.
2 80 A. M.-Lowndes, Republican, defeats
Richie, Democrat. in the 9th District. Fifth
and Seventh in doubt.
"A. M-Democrats lose two Congressman.
IA. M.-Returns indicate 5000 for Greeley,
| First, second and Third Districts Democratic,
others doubtful
mississippi.
Thirty towns in eighteen counties gi e Grant
| 42I majority. Cas9idey, Democrat for Con-
gress in the 9Th hi tri;t, running ahead of his
ticket. In other Distrcta but little scratching
was done. jackson gives a majority tor Grant
of 1888.
WISCONSIN
Partial returns from four countks give ,OGO
majority for Greeley Democratic gain of
| 342.
3 A. M.-ReturnS indicate from lO 600 10 l2OOO
| Republican majority. Six Republican Con-
| gressmen, and one Democrat elected. Eldridge
| is defeated.
IOWA.
"a MIGRANTS majority so 900, and full
Radical delegation TO Congress elected.
NEW JERSEY.
2A.M-Flve thousand for Grant.
2:3I A. M--Republicans carry the State by a
| small majority.
NEBRASKA.
2O'cluck, A. M-Grant's majority probably
| 10 900.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

Our poor young man remarks that tho
only advice he gets from capitalists = "
five within his income" whereas ivy
difficulty he experiences is TO live WlfhoV'
an income,
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
CRAVEN

The day was quiet and orderly. Grants
majority i'm Newbern township, including
the city, is 959-a Republican gain of 66.
James City gives Grant 443 majority-a
Republican gain of IL. The indication is
that Grants majority in Craran county
will be from 600 to 100. Democratic
vote very light.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
Marine Disaster

NEW 1 OKA, NOV. ..
The steamship Grenada. just chartered to
run between Boston and Charleston, has been
burned.
The President to-day received calls of con
graduation in addition TO numerous kilograms
Of greeting. and also announcing suits. He
expressed thanks to his guests 10 their mani
festatiOn OF Friendship, and apart from the pO-
litcal issues involved gratiied that the
eral.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

HeMrt ROcheIOrT-Ehe herman EVRc.
WaGiOm of Marne.
PARIS, Nov. 5.
Henri ROchefOlt has been permitted 10 come
to Versailles to marry the dying mother of his
children, i'll order to Legitimate his offspring.
When the ceremony is concluded he will IT turn
to prison.
The execution of the department of the upper
Marine, by the German tTOOps, has been COM
pleted; that of the department OF Marine is
slowly proceeding.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
GRANVILLE.

The TarborO township gives 395 major
ity for Grant; Republican gain Of 30.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

Election passed off quietly at Kittrell's.
Grant 223; Greeley 1926. Republican
gain of II Oh the August election.
Greeley gains 13 votes over the State
election in Henderson tow nship.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
ROCKINGHAM
EDGENOMRE.

Wentworth township 81 tor Greeley.
vote light.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
GIILFORD.

observation-disclosures !4 Greeley, 374.
A Radical gain of so over the August cleo
ton. High POint-72 Radical majority. A
Radical gain of 70. McLean's-S4 Radical
majority. A Radical gain OF 20
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

Official returns give Greeley 946 and
Grant 1916, majority for Greeley Of $50,
against 437 majority for MerrimOn.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
robson.

Lumberton gave Greeley 70, Grant ia,
and O'C0nOr 1. This is 1O3 majority for
Grant, against IS for Caldwell, in August.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
FROM RALEIGH.
RALEIGH, Nov.

IncemGlfary Fire-Two Stores Burned
ON IHilIsbOrO Street-LOss "a, OGO over
Insurance.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
T ENOIR
CARARRIS.

The Radicals have carried Lenoir by 500
a Radical gain over the August vote.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
COLUMBUS.

The total vote of Bogue preCinc5 is 236
Radical no. Conservative Radical gain
of 25, on account of full Conservative
vote not being pOlled.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08

Louisiana Claimed for Greeley by
$4,000 Majority, with Four COnser-
VatiVe Cong ressBMen-Ehe Herald
and Tribune SHy So.
NEW ORLEANS, Nov. 5.
The election is progressing quietly. Warm0th
thinks the State has gone for Greeley by 5000,
and claims three, probably four Conservative
congressman.
LATER.
The general opinion is that the city has gone
for Greeley from ~, O00 t. IL, 900. In Mindcn
Greeley had 800 majority of the 800 votes. The
Liberals claim 500 majority IN Webster Parish.
franklin Parish gives Grant 800 majority, but
elects the fusion ticket. Calcaseu Parish gives
Greeley and fusion about 600 IN AjOrty.
RALEIGH N. G, Nov 5.-The election is pro-
crossing quietly, and but little interest Is mani
tested by either party. IL is estimated that there
will be falling OH of 30 per cent Of the August
vote in til city.
The Tribune and Herald says that Greeley
has CARED Louisiana from IL 900 to 100 ma
jority. There has been numerous a rests at the
polls to-day.
LONDON, n. H., Nov. 5.-The sharply contest
ed election at TivertOn, resulted in the return
of a Liberal, Mr.. Massey, by thirty majority.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
The Horse NIaIadx.

Two stores on Hillsboro street were burned
this morning. The fire was the work of an in
cendiary. Less, over insurance, 5000.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
NORTH CAROLINA.

SPECIAL TO THE JOURNAL.
RALEIGH, Nov. 6.
Very few official returns have yet been
received. The general impression here IS
that the State has gone for Grant by
5000 majority.
d. NJ. BARRINGER.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
KENTUEKY Y.

Frankfort, Nov 6th-Returns indicate full
Republican vote, and a falling off of one-third
OF the Democratic vote. Greeley's majority
will probably reach 10 ono. Democrats ar e
elected in every District to Congress.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1872-11-08
ELECTION RETURNS.
NORTH CAROLYN A.

The following returns from various
points in this State, were telegraphed espe-
cially for the JOURN Il:
HALIFAX COUNTY.
The vote at Weldon peecincnt was ASP
for Grant, and 1876 for Greeley. Scattering
2. The Governors vote was, Caldwell, AS;
Merrimon, 215. There are no returns
from other townships. 1t will probably
hold out in the same ratio as here. 1t was
quiet here throughout the day.
NEW HANOVER.
The vote at Rocky Point stands as fol-
lows Grant, PAS; Greeley, IA, which Is o
Republican gain of II over the Governor
election.
WAKE.
Raleigh gives Grant G2O majority, gain
of 80 on Caldwell's vote.
ROWAN.
Salisbury gives Grant u majority, gain
on Caldwell's vote.
ANSON.
The vote at Lilesville stands-Greeley
40, Grant 151-a Democratic loss OF Il
votes.
The election passed off very quietly at
Wadesboro. No interest or enthusiasm
was manifested on the part Of the Demo
Gratis, a great many not voting. Grants
majority in Wadesboro township is 10
There is & great falling off in Arson, YET
she will give Greeley majority of so or
100 votes. We don't give it up yet. +.
WILSON.
There is nothing definite so far. Wilson
township has given Grant amajOrity of e.
a Democratic loss of So No other pre-
cinct has been heard from. 1t is thought
that the county is in doubt, with the chan
ces in Grants favor. There was less in
terest manifested than at any election since
the war. O'ConnOr received s votes.
Port Tobacco times, and Charles County advertiser. (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1845-1898, 1872-02-16
Sinking Slowly.

Diseases that progress rapidly to crisis are
not the only ones to be dreaded. Canker OF
dry rot does not blast tree as suddenly as a
stroke of lightning, bat unless arrested it des-
troys it as certainly; and in like manner chronic
debility, although it does not kill with the
swiftness of yellow fever, is as sure to sap the
Springs of life eventually as any acute disease,
if not checked by invigorating medieation.-
There is something inexpressibly touching in
the spectacle of premature decay.asLangRoT
pallor, emaciation, depression of spirits, and a
distaste for exertion, are its ordinary symp-
toms, and they should be promptly met by
tonic treatment. The best invigorant and ex-
hilerant that can be administered in a case of
this kind is Hostetter's Stomach Bitters. The
stimulating principle of the preparation rouses
the dormant energies of the system, and the
strengthening and regulating properties give a
permanent and healthful impulse to the vital
forces thus brought into play. The failing ap-
petite is re-awakened, the process of digestion
and assimilation are quickened, the quality of
the blood is improved, the secretions become
more natural, and every organ that contributes
to the nourishment Of the body undergoes SAL
utary change. By these means the repair of
the physical structure is effected and its health
and vigLr restored In no class of diseases has
the bene6cent operation of the Bitters been
more marked and striking than in those char
acterized by general debility and nervous pros
tration. Ladies affected with these ailments
find in this most wholesome of all tonics and
correctives the safest and surest means Of re-
lief. 1t is strong to restore and powerless to
injure. Such is the uniform testimony of
"clouds of Witnesses