New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1872-06-26

necs are characteristic as upon a. eonaliy o,,to
e WHOLE SO Ssc showing that the denudaton has not
yet been the WORK ., an na chenne The two heads
of the narrowest part OF nv t,snliS nsoi
morton ID h Toupded The last range of Jerome Point
seems 10 show that the abnding cause heteu IrOii
g g az 70 NHE In Bcrcia Bay the ground IS covered
tb large pebbles and bOwldcrs some OF the LARGEST OF
Which are rounded, polished. and scratched Pouraies
and Kennedy assembled the peak marked l,S23 upon e
ADMIRALTY Man of BOrga Bay and found r0ches moh-
tonnes TO the hight Of about 800 feet while mghet up
scenery reminded me OF the Abschwarz, above the ga-
cie OF the Aar Some of the polished surfaces Tesem
bled in the most surprising SHer and might have
served as models for the illustrations L puDnshod
of iS.D glacial CHARS a So promontory in the whole
extent OF the straits, seen from either Its eastern OF ls
stern side, shows probable stTikesde OF the pol
fishing agent as the north and sonh exposures leading
TO the presumption that the planning machine mas lONeu
north ana SC %e S Sss Nothing indicates the u
action OF icebergs Glacier Bay has also been Tor me
most fruitful field OF study out o. sS re S seSepa com
centric mOraines marked by powders ana Kep WhIch
NAV have deposited by the great glacier on tue OPP
With all the evidences OF glacier action constantly
lamar was nevertheless tantazing TO me- because IL
gave opportunity for tracing the facts IN unOr0keh
continuity. The course OF the straits OF Magellan Dear
ing mainly IN on east-westery direction cuts over t
where at right angles the effects produced Dy inc SOUTH
ice-shOes upon the solid foundation OF Ile wnOl9
passed sho Bay did enter achannel bearing IN the
same direction with the glacial erosion ahu tnus nou
ing an opportunity Of following oonnectedly
on the opposite sides OF the whole oh 9rnces
as far as the Gun ~ tbs Soots Here as
in reference 70 the Struts Of Magellan shall describe
only such localities as lave married interest &
plainly that those not familiar Win tDen Wete
struck by their dstinctness FOLLOWING the Inside rooto
through smyths Channel to tue Gun OF We
ali the way within touching distance OF the ROCKY Wills
Of those narrow passages so that nothing G9ud SsS
ing by night we lost nothing inSthat way
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANDES
The Andes proper begin at Cape Providence within
the Straits Of Magellan but their alpine character not
sridngy developed south Of Union Sound even though
az the bottom of Glacier Sound very high mountains
with large glaciers may be SEEM MI. Burney may be
compared to Mt sarmento; still, throughout smyhs
Channel, until coming into COngw0Od strait hToukn
Victory Pass the scenery very much like that Of the
for the first time noticed unmstakabe dlnerence De
tween the southern and northern exposures of the nearer
ranges trending N g. Here 10 became every hour more
plain that strkeside OF the glacial agency was upon
the southern slope and the lee side upon the northern
AS soon as the COrdera Of SarmientO opens into view
the grandeur of the range is fully displayed FROM the
highest mountains glaciers depend 10 the sea level
witch NAV be fairly compared 10 the most impressive
glaciers OF Switzerland. Throughout this region, as wen
islands and mountains as adopted upon the Admiralty
chart, has character very pleasing to sGien1Hc
connect the memory Of their distinguished cotempora-
ries and friends with their own investigations indeed
the names OF all the prominent mon OF England, dis
tngushed for their devotion TO science SO or 4oyears
ago. form part Of the physical geography OF these
regions With them associated some foreign names
which, however not always so happily applied, very
eminent names being IN some instances gwen 20 ~
significant localities we Twice Oeauiul Wow " .,
Bulucy first coming mp through MayDe Channel, Wnere
had an opportunity Of seeing the vast Inference pc
tween its aspect When covered WIN snow 70 lHo NeIy
base rs represented 10y Dr. Cunningham, and as we saw
it, with its upper part Ouly shrouded in perpetual snow
and ice IL VIII be long beOfedhe real leVelOf ptfpeuai
snow IS ascertaned in these regions as any DOiser0u5
DAY NAV change tne appearance OF m a I ISe o{
Cape Providence Mt. Burney, the Cordera OF Sarmi-
ento and the mountain ranges east ana noilh OF SNOW
Glacier form part OF one ana the same chah anu are III
reality tie southern termination OF the Andes
In Mayne Harbor. the Western side Of Owens
Islands had an opportunity OF lnvestgathg TWO very
interesting new genera OF nakedeyed AcdpDs Inc 10
called after Capt Mayne, OroSstoea Magnet from the
feeOOned disposition OF the ovates and the oJher after
my old friend owen SrGSS0ed O"S'tt from tne Cross
like figure Of the oya1es. WINE was cOlIeGuHg on
board POurales and Seindacncr assembled the adjoining
hills in search OF glacial marks and land animals Inc
result OF their excursion was most satisfactory Poraes
found we'll preserved glacial scratches aud burrows
rocks In every direction. upon one sueh Ieoge {ne
marks divided into two distinct series, one running
s. W. by W. the other crossing these g. S. w. Higher up
other dykes OF the same character the Tst series OF
marks occurred again, being perfectly Tectnear, In the
were renewed on the other side OF the break on ne same
level with the same bearing still higher up on the same
hillside ne found also very osthct gaSa, T a
lines again on greensboro dy Bes. The highest marks IN
luis iOCdlty were sOne OVV oI wv SSI tnc
Steindachner collected frogs and their tadpoes and
some insects and earthwOrms.
MARKS WHICH COULD NOT BB MADE BY FLOATING ICE.
On approaching the Guia Narrows the hills Chatham
Island plainly farrOwed in north-westerly direc-
ton large powders seen all along upon the ridge
Of the range while Eperanza Island appears in the south,
like large rounded dome between two channels running
N ands In wide channels we saw many whales and
also small icebergs The hills to the hight Of about 1900
feet were everywhere distinctly moutonnees" sanmaret
Island, opposite the mouth of Eyre sound, and the
island 10 the west Of it, were particularly instructive.
We followed the western channel which Is also the mar
IOWegt and IL became plain that wherever
another the glacial scratches and burrows, alike
distinct assumed ascending direction, as is
obstacle That the south side was here also everywhere
the strike side, equally apparent from the facts that
The north side of the islands Had any abTadng agent
advanced from the North, all appearance must have
been reversed In these channels; they must
have crossed them trghnges had the action cOmefrOm
East West Floating is out of the question where
burrows not Horizontal and here in the
est part Of the channel west Of SaumaIez Island there
track where the scratches and burrows are distinctly
the west side Of the channel and horizon
tai the eastern side opposite showing that the pres
of the icesheet must have been from g. E. 10 N W.
Looking south, after passing saumarez Island, the
the lee side Of the glacier action yet the
have about the width and bear the relations
surfaces with their scratches and burrows as well
preserved and as distinct as those OF the Helle
Piatten at the Handeek in the valley Of HASH
IN Switzerland. About Iceberg Sound all the noun
aims are beautifully rounded and noutonnees. That
Oeal glaciers however, existed, and extended much be-
yOnd their present range, may be plainly in many
VI the nlets crossing the main channels In eastwes
1rly and westeasterly direction. 1t that general
and local glacial phenomena are interviewer through
out this region that it E at times difficult appreciate
their true connection but there also many localities
where the difference is quite obvious. The most inter
esng OF the paoers here have been well photographed
by DR. White and may serve ut some future time
Of tho fact described in this report
UNIFORM EVIDENCES OF ABRASION.
In places the various kinds Of glacial marks were
plain as In the vaeys Of Switzerland and am sur
psed that travellers who have visited this region since
he glacial phenomena have been much discussed
ave failed to notice them here. AS in Switzerland,
here seems 10 be level above which the cesheet never
las risen al least there is line above which the noun
ain ridges remain Jagged and abrupt while below their
rests the whole land is ia0ut0lie. The abrasion
4 the abradng motion. There seemed TO be