The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-01-13
qsE SECRET OF ARCTIC DISCOVERY.
Address Of Captain Sias Bent Of st. Louis, on
Marine Circulation and Currents.
OCEAN AVENUES TO THE POLE
Graphic Accounts of Personal Observa-
DEMONSTRATING Facts, &c.-Objections
TO the Theory Answered.

to large and highly cultivated audience, the fol-
lowing beautiful and able address. He again puts
forth his celebrated theory OF oceanic currents and
circulation, which, since its first PRONUNCIATION, has
been the subject OF worldwide scientific discussion
and has been tested by the Carpenter researches
and those OF the latest North Polar exploring expe
ditlons. The lecturer spoke with great animation
and effectiveness ana Illustrated his theory OF
"thermomelrio gateways to the Pole" by largo
charts, globes, &c. The Ducal party or Alexis was
represented In the Captains audience by Admiral
Possier and NJ Bodisco the Consul General, VINO
occupied seats on the platform. Al the conclusion
OF the address the Admiral, whe had been an ex-
ceedingly attentive listener, took up tho pointer,
and with the maps on the wall indicated the extent
Of some OF his recent explorations about Nova
ZemDla, whlo commanding the fleet in which the
Grand Duke attempted the Polar passage.
Mr. pnrs,prNr AND LADIES AND GrrrLrmrN-wben
De discovered mississippi River he had re,
width, had sounded its depths had measured
Goatsa tsoasand miles iurbid and had found
ina" while It's Inv M mt beanie ssS M
what less rapid yet Its eoase D s
n% sd wa. .Ssossd suppose aS%
rS.ss sSss ss sass Ss rsa'
ony couple Of hundred beyond the Gulf Mexico
yo" VIII VITA tam S
s % Tsn n9s ss So Oh &. re % thar
this is but fair illustration Of the sum and substance
surface currents Of the ocean that s,d the honor of first
Tie anii stream in is general character known
for s Sa zee % s 70 %.
B. about that time was good fortune In the course OF
in the North Pacific Of even grander proportions
oceanic the Arctic Ocean and the Attain
c and Pacific which necessary to compete and harmon
and which then for the hr time found to be
1hs beautiful simplicity of developed by this the
S 50 an e4seeas ss 10 s s
press accepted IT, aud but lew persons have at
In treatment my sa6jcc. his evening shall
your Of the poios that nave
necessarily to be considered before Jus. conclusion can be
have divided the address into three parls, viz:
ton and OF the thermal Gsteways to the foe, Ms given to
this society on former occasions. ~ N. rsvs q, bs,.
theories and other discoveries that their publication has
sketch Of the explorations and discoveries mado
win by stating you that there circulation IN
as wnsa anS laGdom and which
interesting to the student Of nature and perhaps as
man race the latter have proved to be.
hrhsr and ihther we shah varied OF blood
Ss %
and aere in the most toriuoos ramhcaons passes
the DINER to all appearance without any governing
heaven are sshns the waves or
the serene sy breathes beautiful calm over the lace OF the
currents and eoun.er currents meeting each other a. al
surface and aep1hs the water
sn c s n n side s the
the pure good ever, poon Of the body tina. another
ssi sSsafIS
Ss S as% asAn to 90 through body, svins and
n%s heat So
with the currents Of the ocean, Which IL VIII on BE-
6r,um in all nature. that, while
the FORMS Appearances aud that oss
IL on n O. hn as by hs crnsS Of y
ton within its orbit and the stars sing to-
sa the n ice ,as snow the heat and cold ali
anv Of
mony order in nature which. to the uninased ara
stmospasre the sun are to the earth wha.
The ps ne a OF s
seen one the which found In
one s The 9 lime SssS'iuy
are reat M ' aiad. 70 that .rhysisa &C.
M syry Of lie tue ay mean my Sn9 Of Tn oS
the Of the earth estimated abou, i've feet
lie tie feet deep with RAIN TO trans.
one 20 s ana aim the Proportion
one the Of the grand aimospheric machine" ais
water. bear in mind cvaporated principally from the Tor
the earth OF three thousand miles in breadth
% yas mis- . 10 n 10 h sgss E S wnsF h
the clouds and lower down again all the water In lake sI
ness t Of this ns1 Invisible msShinery
a You as S ws dS e nS
The eject upon es S Of the fsmSSa
miles In width sixteen lee. deptnf Certainly
81
or zone are al once SET ~ o@ LssU.s 'ns
ties II % bed Of @ a @ Sw Sd ne en
into streams aud oSr y s va INTO % ogn
the 1ress Equatorial currents Paco
nses% and rsS
that portion Of The eqaaorn current when passes les
fold greater than that which returns 90 the east
t he cra. mass or boay Of the Gull stream and thai
which from Bcmni y but small portion Of the 'roPi.
wtbssaadne these obstacles however, enough water is
the o ss west hroarh The
which '.sis.y sTss'. d LEAD
OF Mexico tho Caribbean Sea evden. effect Of the
asos
sn rhs ,s asSer csr1Ssse Of
the basin and ssa ar. suD
the sisuas az y the sss mouth q the u compressed into
cI s l e.
northern portion Of the gus a m %rios
part Of the whole Of what Is known as the
beginning e aa, marvellous Gov Of 'r:pSs
e. Es ss sas Sss r.a% Of It
definite channel throush colder water Of different color 50
.ss inc ~'i bows '' as.elSs
S an: s cold Tss sh
tClssr this description is" says Professor Maury M
gives ma hut 4 poor conception OF the reality" Tho Gulf
$eam indeed beggsrs al efforts at portrayal To sec II
behoier to understand It's wonder or conceive its
nower The MINI can these IN only when u can weigh
MEASURE those facts and which concened
below The which even the oldest seaman
ali and unconcerned" Our knowledge
OF The sea- even limited area we are now
"a bv mo means perfect Yet after Az We VIC no
shut up 10 scepcsm Imagination The nicely cnsnei
suits the nriuou isors Of tue Unitou snr Soss,
yey ia lne thermal surveys OF the Nor,n An
tc have long published These results IKE
long beginning under the hands OF auie
men, bring forth fruits Leaving The tropics WIN
but two degrees ID every
sGp mes and Admiral Mire, OF the British Navy, reports