Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1872-12-04


flag between Panama and the Western South
American ports. by this means much trade now
diverted 10 other countries might he brought to
US, TO the mutual advantage NJ this country and
those lying in that quarter of the Continent of
America. The report Of the Secretary Of the
Treasury will show m alarming falling of In the
carrying trade Tor the last ten OF twelve years,
ana cven4or the past year. ! do not believe TINT
the public treasure can be better expended in the
interest Of the whole people than in trying to re-
cover this trade IN expenditure Of $4,000, 600 |
per annum for the next five years, II It would re-
store TO us our proportion Of tho carrying trade
OF the world, would be proGtably expended The /
puce OF labor in Europe has 50 much enhanced
within the last few years that the cost Of building
ana operating ocean steamers in the United
states Is not 50 much greater than in Europe. I
believe the time has arrived for Congress to take
tue SUBJECT into serious consideration.
DErARrNENr or JUSTICE
Detailed statements of the disbursements
through the Department Of Justice will be furn-
l.led by the report Of the Attorney General mud
though these have been somewhat increased hy
Tie recent acts Of Congrcssto enforce the rights Of
citizens OF the United States 10 vote in the several
states OF the Union and 10 enforce the provisions
Oh inc llth amendment 10 the Constitution OF the
Ohited states and amendments thereto, ! cann0.
question the necessity and salutary effect Of
these enactments Reckless and lawlcss men,
regret, have associated themselves together in
some localities ,todeprvc other citizens oithe rights
guaranteed TO them By the Constitution Of the
United Suites md 20 that end have committed
ueeis OF blood and violence, but the prosecution
ana punishment Of many Of these persons have
tended greatly On the rcpressionol such disorders
10 not doubt that great majority of the poo
Pie ~ MI parts ui the country favor the full en-
J1yment, by all classes Of persons of these rights
70 which they ARE entitled under the Constitution
ana laws, and invoke the aid and influence Of all
gold citizens 10 prevent organizations whose OBJ
Jecis are by unlawful means ~ interfere with
those rights, and look with confidence ~ the
ume' not TAR distant, when the obvious advant-
ages OF good order and peace will induce nm
abandonment Oi Hll combinations prohibited by
the acts referred %, and when it will lie unneces-
safy to carry on prosecutions or inhict punish
ments to protect citizens from the lawless doings
OF such combinations.
PARDON OF Ku-KLrx.
Applications have been made t1 me 10 pard0n /
persons convicted Of a violation Of said acts, upon
the ground that clemency in such eases would
tend u trunquli1e the public mind, and to test |
the virtue OF that policy, am disposed as far as
my sense of Justice will permit. 10 give 10 these I
applications favorable consideration. but any 1
action thereon is not 10 be construed a. indicating
any change IN my determination o. enforce with I
Sigpr such acts as long AS the couspiracies and
combinations therein named disturb the peace of
the country Il is much % be regretted, and is T.
regretted by no one more than myself that ne /
cessity has ever existed % execute the Enforce. 4
ment Act No one can desire more than that
the necessity Of applying il may never again be .
demanded.
DEPARTMENT Or THE INTERIOR.
tory improvement and progress ia each Of the [
several bureaus under the control Of the Interior
Department They are all in excellent condition.
The work, which IN some OF them for some years
has been in arrears, has been brought down IN a .
recent date, and in oil the current business has
been promptly dispatched.
HE ABoRGNfs.
Tie policy which was adopted at the beginning
Of this Administration with regard 10 the man
agemcnt Of the Indians has been as successful ns
its most ardent friends anticipated within 50 short
a time. IL has reduced the expense Of their man .
agement. decreased their ioruges upon the white .
settlements, tended to give the largest opportun-
ty % the extension Of the great railways through
the public domain, and the pushing settlements .
90 more remote districts Of thecountry and at the
same time improved the condition OF the Indians
The policy will be maintained without any
change, excepting such rs further experience /
may show to be necessary 70 render it more eff
Gent
The subject Of converting the so.callel Indian .
territory south Of Kansas into a home for the In
dians, and erecting therein a territorial form Of
government, b. one Of great Importance, as a
complement 10 the existing Indian policy. The .
question of removal 10 the territory has within .
the past year been presented 10 many OF the /
tribes, resident upon other and less desirable por /
tiOns Of the public domain, and has generally I
been received by them with favor As preim-
mary step TO the organization Of such territory
il will be necessary 70 c0nhne the Indians now .
resident therein to farms Of proper size, which .
should he secured to them in fee the residue TO be
used for the settlement OF other friendly Indians.
Efforts will be made in the immediate future N
induce the removal OF rs many peaceahly disposed .
Indians only to the Indian territory can he set
tied properly without disturbing the harmony Of
those already there There is no other location
now available where a people who are endeayor /
ing 20 acquire knowledge Of pastoral and agrlcul
tural pursuits can he as we'll accommodated as
upon the unoCcuped lands in the Indian Terri
tory A territorial Government should. however,
protect the Indians from the inrOads OF the
whites. for a term Of years, until they become
sufficiently advanced in the arts and civil nton
- guard their own rights and from the disposal
Of lands held by them for the same period.
ruF PUBLIC LANDS.
Daring the last fiscal year there were disposed
of out Of the public lands | / ,S6i ,91j acres, a
quantity greater hy 900 27O scres than was dis
posed OF the previous year. OF thisamount 80,
800 acres were sold Tor cash 3s9400 acres lo-
Gated with military warrants 40 ,332 acres
taken for homestead 693 6l3 acres located with
college scrip 3 jji, So acres granted To rail
roads iGj ,3i7 acres granted % wagon roads 7li,-
2jJ acres given TO States swamp land 5,16O
acres located by Indian scrip. The cash receipts,
from all sources in the land Office amounted q
S32lS. 100 During the same period - 0lG COS
80. N, ID. 1auN. xad which
added 10 the quantity before surveyed, amounts
to $50 36l 80 acres, leaving PSI ,633 OPS acres
Of the public lands still unsurveyed The reports
from the suhordiuates OF the land office contain
interesting information in regard u their respect
i've districts They uniformly mention the fruit
fnlncss Of the soil during the past season, and
the increased yield of all kinds Of produce. Even
in those States and Territories where mining is
the principal business, agricultural products have
exceeded the local demand, and liberal shipments
have leen made to distant points
rnT PATENT OFFICE.
Daring the year ending September 30, 1872
there were issued from the Patent Office 1896
patents, 233 extensions and $3.50 certificates and
registers OF trade marks. During the same time,
10 .5S7 applications for patents, including reissues
and designs, have ben received, and 3lOO caveats
filed The fees received during tne same period
amounted to 500 ,95i sc, and the total expendi-
lures to S623 553 90, making the net receipts over
the expenditures si7 ,iOO96, Since 1886, 200 900
applications have been filed, and about 1873 900
patents issued. The office is being conducted
/ under the same laws and general organization as
were adopted at the original Inauguration, when
only from one hundred to FIVE hundred appica-
iions were made per nnnum. The Commissioner
shows that the office has outgrown the original
/ plan, and that new organization has become
necessary. This subject was presented to Con
gress in n special communication in February
| last. with my approval and the approval Of the
Secretary of the Interior, and the suggestions con-
tanned in said communication were embraced in
the bill that was reported to the House by the
Committee on Patents at the last session. The
subject of the reorganization Of the Patent Oihce
as Contemplated by the bill referred to, is one of
such importance to the industrial interests of the
country that | commend It to the attention OF
Congress Tho Commissioner also treats the
subject of the separation of the Patent Oihce
from the Department of the Interior. This sub
iect Is also embraced in the bill heretofore re-
ierred TO- The Commissioner complains of the
want of room for the model gallery, and for the