davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27
The great MisstOu-Of Women

rreatlnuecd is the TASK assigned TO women
Who can elevate its dignity \ TO make
laws, not to lead armies, not to govern
empires but to form those by whom laws
are made, armies led, and empires govern
ed to guard against the slightest faint Of
bodily infirmty, the fral, ycc spotlcss
creature, whose moral no less than phys-
cal being must be derived from her to
inspire those principles, to inculcate doc
trines, TO animate those sentiments which
generations yet unborn, and nations yet
unciyilzed, will learn to bless to soften
tirmncss into mercy, and chasten honor
| into refinement to eXalt generosity into
virtue with soothing care ; to allay the
anguish of the mind by her tenderness 10
disarm passion ; by her purity TO triumph
over sense to cheer the scholar sinking
under his toll to be compensation for
friends that are perfdious-for happiness
that has passed away. Such is her voca-
ton. The couch of the tortured sufferer,
the prison of the deserted friend, the cross
| of the rejected Saviour-these are theatres
on which her greatest triumphs have been
achieved. Such is her destiny to visit
the forsaken, to tend TO the neglected
when monarchs abandon, when counseilors
entrap, when justice prosccutes, when
brethren and disciples flee, to remain un-
shaken and unchanged, and TO exhibit 10
this lower world type of that love, con-
slant, pure and inetfable, which in another
We are taught to believe the tcat of virtue.
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27
]. w. WASHINGTON'S
GRAND BARBER SHOP.

The old permanent shop of the town
We declire the boast, but at the same time
consider that the mighty truth maybe seasona-
bly, spoken without manfesting an uncomforta-
BILE amount Of vanity and ambition.
Just twenty years ago / began my business
career in this place-half my lifetime thus far
spent, have stood upon the floor of our shop
day after day, and night after night, and applied
the sharp blue cleaning steel, and within that
elapse of time embraced by the mighty folds Of
that eyentful period have shaved nearly every
body ia the country Tin common parlance) and
TO oblige the public interest We herein publicly
announce to our patrons old and new that we
are ready to shave them all again three hundred
thousand times or more.
Come when you please, Just In time is the max
im-we are always ready to- work, forenoon or
afternoon, to shave you, hair cut you, shampoo
YOU, whisker dye you, or perfume, comb and ar
range the hair with artistic skill, In the "water
fall'' or water raise style to suit the customer.
We work to please, not please to work.
Stop, don't 90 past our shop to get shaved on
the basis of ability-because we do Ii as well az
IL can be done or ever could be.
chance is all that we demand
To give the proof We hold In hand.
A few door aboSs Depot, near Narke. street
Oct. !, lsfo.
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

ABRAHAM AND THE ARK.-Two color
cd preachers were in the same pulpit to-
gether. While one was preaching he hap
pened TO say, "When Abraham built the
ark" The one behind him strove to cor
rect his blunder by saying out loud, "Abra-
ham warn't thar" But the speaker push
ed on, needless of the interruption, and
only took occasion shortly TO repeat, still
more decidedly, Il say, when Abraham
built the ark" And / say" cried out
the other, abraham warnt thar" The
preacher was too hard to be beaten down
in this way, and addressing the people, ex-
claimed, with great Indignation, II say,
Abraham was thar, or thar abouts !"
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27
LIQ U o II . T o II f!

LOU o II y T RE!
CHRISTIAN NEFF,
Second Street, opposite the Court House, sun
BURY, PA,
Respectfully invites the attention Of Retailers
and others, that he has on hand, aud will con-
stantly keep all kinds Of "
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC LIQUORS,
Consisting of Pure Brandies: Cogniac, Cherry,
Ginger, Rochelle and Otard.
Whiskies: Pure Rye Copper-iistilled, Mon"n-
gahela, Apple and Nectar. ...
.H. PURE HOLLAND GISi
Wines: Champagne Wine, Sherry, Port and
Claret. ... ..
Crab Cider, Champagne Cider, N. T.. Rum
Brown Stout and Scotch Ale.
STOMACH AND BAR BITTERs,
And all others Liquors which can be found in
the city markets, which will be sold at Whole
sale and Retail. Every article guaranteed as
represented. Also, a large lot Of DEMlJOHNS
and BOTTLES, always on hand.
sE- Orders promptly attended tn, and public
patronage respectfully solicited
sunbury, July 8, ls69.-ly.
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

THERE'S NOTHING IN THE PAPER
There's nothing in the paper" is a remart
often heard. As to what paper should
publish or be seasoned with, readers Diff
as much in opinion as they do in the sauces
and condiments they use al their meals, foI
what is kecnly relished by one is rejected
by another. One has troublesome neigh
Dor who is his pet antipathy, and when the
latter is guilty of some slip in his morals
the former takes care the reporter shal! hear
it, and when he does not see it in the ven
ing issue, he throws it aside with Pooh
there's nothing in the paper" Another,
who shirks paying his taxes, takes no inte-
! rest in the election and choice Of city Off.
GERS, throws the burden of his own inert
ness On other mems shoulders, and then. if
the municipal machine does not run smooth
ly he wants the printer to regulate it,expects
him to write ani publish leading articles
| upon the Srievanc', and if he does not,
there's nothing il the paper" A case
gets into the Mayors court, The d. .ails OF
which are humiliatiug to our common hu-
manity. If those details are not fortncom-
ing in the local column there's nothing
worth reading there"
! But few readers have an ilea of the
strange and unreasonable requests made of
the editor. He is asked to print that which
would involve him in litigation, possibly
for the balance of his lite; he is politely re-
quested 10 publish articles that would give
grave offence to esteemed friends; poetry
that has neither sense, sentiment, nor
rhyme essays that have no point squibs,
carrying stinging personalities corresp"r
denco teemnS with inuendo, and religious
cant savoring strongly of blasphemy or by.
| pocraCy, and when these are not published
according to order, ''therc's nothing in the
! paper"
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

The DELICATE WAY or PUTTING 1T.
-Alphonse (who has had an attack of the
mother-in,law eviL) "Parbleu, Madame,
1t is not 70 trouble zat your daughter is my
wife. Non II is because she is not or
phan when shri Is married 90 nn :"
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

DEESE HOUSE, Third Street, at the
II depot, SUNBURY, PA, WIN. REESE, pro-
prietor. Warm meals served up at oil hours.
Fish, Fowls and Game. Fresh Oysters con-
stantly on hand and served In every style. The
best of wines and liquors at the Bar.
iA5 Families will be supplied with oysters
done up in any style, by leaving orders at the
Bar. tNov.5, '70-ly.
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27
Rnsinsss Garbs.
N Az ERS.

GOAL! COAL! COALI-GRANTB BROS,
~ Shippers and Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
WHITE AND RED ASH COAL, sUNBURY, PA.
CLOVER wHARF.) ...
sa5- Sole Agents, westward, at the celebrated
Henry Clay Coal. jan19-66
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

LlFE.-l,ife is what we make it. To
some THIS may appear strange, as all are
apt to look forward 10 life as e. peruct ctual
season OF sunshine, little thinhin. of those
dark and troublesome days, the shadows ol
| which sooner or later oyertake tho M. The
school boy, with ROSY cheeks, laughing eve
and j)yful step, in lilo's early morn thinks
the school the lappiest spot in his little
world Inc enjoys the recreations, wii,c his
less favored companion is envelcped in
those gloomy shadows. To one life - .n-
deed beautiful to the other it is bat r
time OF trials, passing through life ns les.
We may. We soon become aware the .t-
ter our school days are over, and we wa.
ture forth upon the arena of life, it is ,aea
that we fully realize our duty its Their
that we see life in all its reality. 1t is lie
Of many that their life has been one OF con-
tnual light, or pathway strewn with TO-
ses; while on the other hand we may find
those whom nature has lavished her pir
upon-we think nothing but Happiness is
| theirs, yet oftentimes we are mie'okou
Their sky is darkened, as it wers ai
clouds dark and heavy, seem ready to bu b..
upon them. To such person life is II,
drcary, useless waste Of time. A writ
once said
"The worlds vast heritage Is his
Who most enjoys, most loyes, ,and most fo;giyes "
We are not placed in this beautiful y, .Y,d
to make ourselves miserable by wishnp for
that we have not-constantly looking On
the shadowy side, and forgetting there ia
never cloud without a silver lining. En-
joy life while we may be happy, speak
kiud and loving word to the downcast or
afflicted ever have smile of encourage
ment for the little one. Such kindness
costs nothing and yet we cannot tell how
much good it can do. Never repress the
innocen. laughter of childhood, for we
know not what may be in store for them.
"Mirth is the medicine of life,-
II cures its ills, 1t calms its strife;
j. softly smooths the brow of care
And writes thousand graces there"
We can look out upon this lovely land
scape and say see no beauty in the works
of nature. Everything, from the smallest
blade of grass to the loftiest tree of the for
est, speaks of Gods love ~ US. He has
adorned the earth with beauty for cn;ov-
ment Though the cold shadow of misfor-
tune may cross your path, do not indulae
in morbid fancies. Exert yourself TO use
those talents which have been given you to
win the love Of your fellow mortals.
Lite's pathway may be darkcncd fJos
may assaii you, and yet though nll remcm-
Der the darkest hour is Just before dawn
We shall see life in all its beauty and love-
illness when we learn the spirit OF fr3ivS
ness.
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

NATIONAL HOTEL. AUGUSTUS
IN WALD, Proprietor, Georgetown North'd
County, Pa, at the Station oft n. c. X. W.
Choice wines and cigars at the bar.
The tablets supplied with the best the market
affords. Good stabling and attentive ostlers.
HOUSE, c. NEFF,
w Proprietor, Corner of Market & Second
Streets, opposite the Court House, Sunbury,
Pa. May2S,'70.
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27
IILITFK. Is t. TVHKBA
zgEGLER a. ROHRBACH,

ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
ONCE in Haupt's Building, lately occupied by
Judge Rockefeller and l.. T. Rohrbach, ESQ.
Collections and all professional business
pr ,mptly attended to In the Courts Of Sorihum
berand and adjoining counties.
Dec, 2. 1871,
Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1872-01-27

A splendid assortment Of Gents Furnishing
a eeots ~ Moore i Dsssinssr's. 49,
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
Hard and Soft Water.

All housewives may not know how ma
terially the effects of hard and soft water
differ in cooking of various vegetables
while one species of vegetables requires
hard or soft water, as the case may be,
another species becomes sensibly deterio-
rated by it. For instance, peas and beans,
cooked in hard water, containing lime or
gypsum, will not boil tender, because those
substances harden vegetable caseine. In
soft wafer they boil tender, and lose GER
tain raw, rank taste, which they retain in
hard water. Many vegetables (as onions)
boil nearly tasteless in soft water, because
all the flavoris dissolved out. The addition
of salt often checks this, as in the case of
onions, causing the vegetables to retain
their peculiar favoring principles, besides
much nutricious matter which might be
lost in soft water. Thus it appears that
the salt hardens the water to degree
For extracting the juices of the meat to
make broth or soup, soft water, unsalted
and cold at first, is best, for it much more
readily penetrates the tissues but for boil
ing meats where the juices should be re-
tanned hard water is preferable, and the
meat should be put in while it is boiling,
SO as to seal up the pores at once.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
Rolled Jelly Cake.

One cup of sugar, one tablespoonful Of
butter, one and half cups of -four, two
thirds of cup of milk, one egg, two tea
spoonsful of baking powder, sifted with
the flour. Bake in a large sheet, and when
done, spread on the jelly, and cut the sheet
in strips three or four inches wide, and roll.
If, instead of jelly, sauce is made and
spread between the layers of the cake, it
may be eaten as cream pie, and furnish a
very nice and easily prepared desert.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
Insurance Notice.

On and after the tenth day of April,
1872, The Home Reserve force of Insur-
ance Agents belonging to "The Pennsylva-
mia Central Insurance Company" will leave
Pottsville in heavy force, and occupy ten
different counties of the State, where they
will continue to act as the Company's
Agents until full line of Local Agents
can be appointed, when they will be recalled.
AS body of men, believe they are supe-
rior Insurance Agents, and most of them
speak the English, French, Welsh and Ger
man Languages. The City Insurance
Journals, with all their sneers at Mutual
Companies, and continual cry of Fraud
Fraud &C., cannot muster any better In
surance material Why don't the City In-
surance papers tell the public that no Mu-
tual Company broke or failed during the
last ten years? Why don't they tell the
public that more than half the Stock Com
panies started within the last ten years
have? 1t is well-known fact that Mutual
Companies cannot fail.
JAMES II. GRIER,
Secretary of Pennsylvania Central Insur-
ance Company. 16
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
Facts for Farmers.

A series of experiments, instituted to
test the average loss in weight by drying,
shows that corn loses one-fifth, and wheat
one-fourteenth by the process. From this
statement it is clear that farmers will make
more by selling unshelled corn in the fall
at seventy-fve cents than the following
summer at one dollar bushel, and that
wheat at $1.32 in December, is equal to
$1.50 for the same wheat in June follow
ing. This estimate is made on the basis of
interest at per cent, and takes no ac-
count of loss by vermin. These facts are
worthy of consideration.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
Sweet Potato Buns.

Boil and mash two good sized potatoes |;
rub in as much flour as will make it like
bread add little nutmeg and one table
spoonful of sugar, with a tablespoonful of
good yeast When it has risen, work in
two tablespoonsful Of butter, softened so as
to be easily mixed thoroughly with the
dough; then form into small rolls, and,
when raised the second time, bake on tins,
a nice brown Serve hot.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
How to Drive Rats Away without Poison.

We know of two methods: First the
old French plan this is followed chiefly in
Paris, by men who make it special bust
ness. They take deep tub with water on
the bottom and little elevation in the
middle like an island, on which is only
place for just one rat to sit on. The top is
covered and has large balance valve,
opening downward. On the middle of this
valve piece of fried pork or cheese is
placed, and when the rat walks on it to
get the cheese, the valve goes down, drops
the rat into the water and moves back in
position. A road is made from the rat hole
to the top of the tub by means of pieces
of board rubbed with cheese, SO as to make
the walk attractive for the rats. In the
course of night, some ten, twenty, or
even more rats may go down, and if the
island was not there, they would be found
most all alive in the morning quietly swim
ming around but the provision Of the little
island saves the trouble of killing them,
vation causes them to fight for the exclu-
sive possession of the island, ON which, in
the morning, the strongest rat is found in
solitary possession, all the others being
killed and drowned around him. Second,
the New York plan, invented by one of our
friends. The floor near the rat hole is COW
cred with a thin layer of q most caustic
potassa. When the rats walk on this it
makes their feet sore; these they lick with
their tongues, which make their mouths
sore and the result is that they shun this
locality-not alone, but appear to tell all
the rats in the neighborhood about it, and
eventually the house is entirely abandoned
by them, Notwithstanding the houses
around may be full rats. = Manufacturer
and Builder.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

The Home Reserve force of The Penn
sylvania Central Insurance Company of
Pottsville, Pa, will be in Perry county in
considerable force, and act as the Com
panys Agents until full line of Local
Agents can be appointed when the reserve
force will be recalled. y
JAMES ii. GRIER,
Sec'y of Pa. Central lns. Co.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD ITEMS

We invite ommunicdtionsJrom al personstoho are
Interested IN matters properly belonging to this
department.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

TAMES ii. FERGU USON, AttOrney-at-Law,
% New Bloomfield, Perry county, Pa.
a3- ONCE with Hon. G. j. T. McIntlre. 356#
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

g2- Every farmer should have compost
heap. Collect every fertilizer, and to pre-
vent any lberating the gases, keep the
whole covered with earth aud muck.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
Professional Cards.

NHARLES II. SMILEY, Attorney at Law.
~ New Bloomfield, Perry Co. Pa.
no Office with G. A. Barnett. Esq, next door
to MOrtlmers store August 20, 1872
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

WIN. A. SPONSLER, Attorney. .at-Law,
w Onice-adjolning his residence, on East
Main street, New Bloomfield Perry CO., Pas 1y
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

CHAs. A. BARNETT, Attorney-at-Law,
~ New Bloomfield, Perry CO., Pa.
M Onice-adjolning Mortimer Store-321y
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
IobS1 OY UVe I1eytSIUIuF6, IN I8II.
The Pennsylvania
Central Insurance Company
OF PoTTSVILLE, PA.
Capital and Assets, $156, 900.

Premium Notes, ,......... 100000 0O
PromissorF Notes., ..... $4,000 CO.
Cash premiums due or col
lected for the year 1871, S2,02S 90
Cash premiums due or col
lected for the first three
months of 1872, ,............. 1,SOO 90
Cash from other sources
and agents, ................ 1900 90
Judgment Bonds in Com
pany's office, ...-......... 1,100 90
Total Cash, ,............. $6,12S 00--
Total cash and note assets,
April LIST, 1872, ,.."....... $156, ,128 90
JAMES IL. GRIER, JOHN d. HADESTYs
Secretary. President.
DIRECTORS:
John d. Hadesty, A. 2. Helms, Benjamin
Teter, A. Sutermester, James II. Grier, e. II.
Jungkurt, Elias Miller.
AGENTS:
H. II. Hill, Edward Fox, John A. Kable, Ed
ward Wesley, Charles F. Deibert, VIM. Il.
Griffith. E. f. Jungkurt, General Agent.
Arrangements have been made with other
frst-class companses to re-insure risks taken
on the cash plan in such amounts as desired.
Liberal commission allowed agents, and ex-
elusive territory, if desired. This Company
confines itself to fire insurance exclusively.
FICE:
No. 1s1 CENTRE ST., POTTSVILLE, PA.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

ID p. MCINTYRE Attorney at Law and Dis
De trict Attorney of Perry county Office with
j. 7. MCIntire, New Bloomfield, Penn'a.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

Incorporated by The court Of Common Pleas i,s
1863; 6y the Legislature, in 1871.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10
HEALTH! BEAUTY!

STRONG AND PURE RICH BLooD-INCREAsE
OF FLESH AND WEIGHT-CLEAR SKIN AND
BEAuTLFUL COMPLEXION SEC uRED TO AID.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

FEVER AND AGUE cured for hny cents. There Is
not remedial agent In this world that will Fever
aud Ague, and all other Maahous, Bilious, Scarlet Ty.
phold, Yellow. and other Feyers laded by RADWAl'S
PILLS. so quick as RADWAY'S READY RELIEF.
Fifty cents per bottle. Sold by Druggists.
The Bloomfield times. [volume] (New Bloomfield, Pa.) 1867-187?, 1872-12-10

NOTICE.

No. 19l CENTRE ST., POTTsvILLE, PA 1.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-29
Commissioners Office

STANTON, VA, August Ind, 1877.
To VIM. Rodes, administrator of p r. Harri-
con deceased, Plaintiff. and James E. Irvine. Jno.
E. King. John NJ Irvine and f. E. Irvine Defen-
dants, and Benjamin NJ. Ellis. Edward F. Will
liams and Alexander Patterson, and to all persons
holding liens against the real property of the
said defendant, James E. Irvine,
Take Notice, that, in pursuance of decree of
the Circuit Court of Augusta County, rendered
Nov. 2lst. 1871. in cause therein depending
under the style of Harrison's administrator VS..
Irving. l shall on the
2lST. DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 1872,
at my Office in Stanton, proceed to take and
state an account of the land. and all interests in
lands owned by the defendant James Z. Irvine
since the commencement of this suit, and since
the March term of the County Court of Augusta,
for the year 1866 and of the value of such lands
and his interests in lands. And especially shall
then and there take and state an account ofthe
Union Forge Iron Works purchased by said Irvine
of John E King in the year 1857 and OF the
value of said last mentioned property, and what
has become of it. And also an account of liens
on the real property Of said James L. Irvine, and
of their prorities in reference to the plaintiff 8
judgment.
At which time and place you are required to
attend and laid laen creditors are also required
then and there, to attend and file with the I'M
dersigned proper evidence Of their claims. >
Given under my hand as Commissioner IN
Chancery of the Circuit Court for Augusta coun-
ty, on the day and year first aforesaid.
J. w. GREEN SMITH,
aug 15-4t Commissioner.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-29

COm IN issiOner's EOiice.-To James
~ NJ Harris, Plaintiff, and George M. Woods
and Susan Jane Woods, his wife, NJ. Harvey
Efinger Trustee for said Woods and wife. and
john B. Baldwin. Exor. of Braxton Davis. decd.
and Agnes NJ. Davis the widow of said Rraxton
Davis, dec d.. Robt G. Davis Margaret E. Curtis
fformerley Davis John J. c. Davis, Livingston C.
Davis, James Weade and Ellen his wife, Eleanor
Davis. Henry G. Davis, Caroline Davis, Charles
B. Davis, children and heirs Of said Braxtou Da-
Wis deceased. Defendants, and ALL persons whom
soever in anywise interested.
TAKE NOTICE, that in pursuance of two Or
ders of the Circuit Court Of Augusta on the
Chancery side thereof made in the suit of James
M. Harris vs. Woods and wife. &c.. shall on
MONDAY, THE BOTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER,
1872, at my Office in Staunton proceed to take,
state and settle the following accounts.
LIST 70 ascertain what balance is due from
the estate of Braxton Davis. deceased, who was
Trustee for the wife and children Of said George
NJ. Woods, after allowing said estate all proper
credits for payments and disbursements made by
said Davis in his life-tims.
End. To ascertain what payments, if any, were
made by said Harris in discharge of his liability
as security for said Davis as Trustee aforesaid
and
Bird. ANY other matters deemed pertinent by
myself or required by any party in interest to be
80 stated.
At which time and place you and any party
Nvhomsoever interested, are required then and
there to attend.
Given under my hand as Commissioner in
Chancery for the Circuit Court for Augusta, this
21st day of August. 1872
J. W. GREEN SMITH,
aug 22-4t Commissioner