davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
I Io tae o S,a''n' ApoLppUs WATT, Rcrtlter,
APPLICATION FOR PATENT.
NOTICE M. 1917.

TT 8. REGISTERS OFFICE. CARSON CITY.
v. NevAna. June %. l-T2. Sotlce IL hereby civ.
IN that the Roaby Gold and Silver Mining and Tun.
neling Company. by j.. 4 Penntn. Trustee. hntbls
lay nlel IN this ONCE q diagram. topether VIII. co.
tice OF application. for \ patent from tile United
States, under Act o. Congress approved July ",
1867, for 2. Hs 4 et VI q certHin vein or lode Of quartz.
Or other rock In place. bearin; gold, silver. copper
dnl other metals, commonly called and Known a.
the Justice Lode. AMI RoXbury Gold and Silver Blu.
ne and Tunncling Company. situated In Ooh Hill
District. Storey county. Nevada. Said clalm "a
bounded on the north by the 0yermans Company.
lud on the South by the Justice independent Com
pany, and Is more particularly described as iollQrs.
20 wilt: Bounded BY end lines. one Of which, bsinx
n, south line. commences nj post No, ]. locatedln
american Flat Ravtnc. about b1 feet northerty npfn
the Justice hoistiDg.wo:ks. and runs north % dss.
10 min, east, and south o. deg. ~ mln. Nest; tbo
,thcr Of which, being the north line, commences ~
ost No. ., which bears froin post No. north 9de{.
vest I, abs feet, and runs from said post No.2 porth
~ deg. west, and south 52A deg east. The length
OF the claim IS the distance between the Justice m
dependent north linz. and the OrrrnHn Compd1Is
,outb line, or b.twecn posts Nos. ] and ., 2,3e5fsft.
The width OF the lode ID unknown IRON uevrtop-
mrnts made. 4 point N IN. Roxby funntl. shown
IN the accompanying diagraui. Is &C .epted a. oelnE
mbraccd In the lode, at a point north reg. ~est
200 feet from post No. ]. The quarter sectlon eoinsF
N the west line OF Section 5. Township 10 norm.
Range q EAST hears north d deI: west ~ leet. lno
ode Is supposed TO be embraced In an area OF siStcSii
SAID claim |, more particularly described In The
rotice and diagram posted In thlh once ana on IDS
IsS,.nni ADOIpuCs Waltz, REGISTER.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
Union Republican State
Central Committee.

Ia hEEitSn vi rorn,,i,;ss bs,d IN hi,
- nsa, sT1s1nnV Ill. STR IsTo ,hs follow.
city on SATURDAY. july YIN 1877 'n0 '0'i'"'
my ou,lness %as uaGsasseI a, N.
hesoIysa, ipst Z s.sso ~ s,s =, 'pcno on
S Tun.S ,bs XXX Of sentember noxt. Al ~
WSdnssaAy, .no noIn W tSrps preoidnniis, Rl.c
osioe uou,hernT Conors.. one .Jnstice OF
,Ss sonseme Conf and one State Printer, and
~ ,r.pssction Of such other businc,s ns snail
= romr hrsore said 'Cony,ution,
p'HHpp..oiyc That each comfy be entitled 10
ono dslesste At lsrce. one for each lOO votes, aud
ons for IsseS traction. over 90 votes cast for
cSoulrpsa q, iSs general election Of is7O.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
4 DISASTROUS ExPEmaENr. -

4 DISASTROUS EXPEuaENT. "A
Rochester man having discovered that
n kerosene bath taken every morning
before breakfast Kept away files and
mosquitoes from 4 person. took one,
am that evening visited his hearts
idol. When they had embraced h. h. |.
rang tor the servant girl and said /:
"Bessy. did you sweep this room out
today" "Yes'm." said BesSy.
"Well. then. there must be 4 dead rat
under the floor. I'll get pa Tomorrow
to have the carpenters here and pail
up the boards. I can't stand the
stencil" Darling" said the invent
I've genius. cit isn'ta dead rat. It's
me. l." Leave the house. sir,
and never dare to enter IL again.
Bessy, sprinkle the room with CO.
logne." The inventive genius doesn't
try his experiments on himself now.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

The man with his lung tester who
accompinie. Bsrnum, and makes a n
honest penny by testing the wind OF
the multitude, came to grief at rerre
Haute, on Tuesday. A healthy farm
er's boy, with a chest on him like an
emigrant's valise, drew In u mouthiul
OF the atmosphere, wrapped a quarter
section Of hi1 lips over tho nozzle and
breathed. An explosion followed,
tlrst Of the macbine. aud theu the by
standers, and the professor" was
heard to say, as he gathered up the
fragments Of the tinkliuS brass and
springs, He had been eating onions ;
that's what msde his breath so strong"
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
WANTED,

GENTS 800 TO $3.50 PER MONTH
~ everywhere, Male and Female, TO intro.
auce the genuine improved MARSHALL SEW.
ING MACHINE This machine will stitch.
hem, fell, tuck, biud. braid. cord, quilt. and
embroider In q most superior manner. Price.
only SIS. fully licensed and warranted. fol, nvo
years. We will pay 5000 for any machine. high
price or low, that Will sew q stronger, more
makes the Elastic L%ock.Stiich. Every second
stitch can be cut, and etill the cloth cannot ne
pulled apart without tearing H.! We pay sgents
$lO0 to $3.50 per month. and expentes: ~
commission from which twice thar emounse
adde's 'sS s. MARsHALL.& CO..,
=" No. l02 Nassau street. Now YORK;
CAUTION.-Do not be- Imposed upon oy
other parties travelling through ne eoanny
palming OF worinio, ,Sslri.e' oursis thc!oniy
sepuIne and really ehesp machine manu,ac-
,n,eI - srIIl'gar a.sl.yEu ap2CnC.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

And In accordance with law and an order Of
the Board OF Trustees made on the, Third day
OF July, 1874, 20 many shares Of each parcel Of
-aId stock as may be necessary will be sold at
public auction, at the office OF the Company, No.
on MONDAY. the I'd day VI September, at
the hour OF ~ n. Of. said day, to psy said delin-
Quent assessment thereon toyether With costs
0f advertising and expenses Of sale.
az. ga. JNO. +. POPE. Secretary.
ONCE, No. 6 Montgomery street, San Fran.
cisco. 80. au7 I'd.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

And In accordance with law, and an order Of
the Board OF :Trusteess made on the 2lst day Of
juno. 1871, SO many shares OF each parcsi
Al public auction, At The office Of the Company.
ROBIN No. II Hayward's Building, California
street. San. francisco California, on FRI
DAY, the 9th day OF August, 1872. at the
hour OF ] O'Clock p. II. OF said day, TO pay said
delinquent assessment thereon, together With
II. Z. ktBBR, Secretary.
onace-Room No. 81, Hayward's Building
California street, San Francisco, "a. Jy26 I'd
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

And In accordance with law, and sn 'orler Of
tho Board OF Trustees. made on the Sd day 81
July. &. D. 1872. 80 many shares OF each par
eel OF said stock as may be necessary Viii be
sold at public auction, at the once Of tho Com.
AMY, No. $40 California strret, 'Ru0m No 5.
san Eranclsco, California; on. 2 MONDAY.
he Twenty.sIIth day OF hucust,, 1879, al
the hour OF q o'clock ?. y. OF said dsy, 10
Jay add delinquent .pssesspepts. therron,to-
,eiher with COSTS OF advertising and expense:
OF sale. GEO. X. Secr'tsry;
Onlce, No. $40 California street, Room No, 8.
San Francisco California. aus &c
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
MEETING.

f,FFrcE OF TIE HARTFORD MINING
~ Company.-Tne, Elrst Annual Meeting Of
the Stockholders ofthe' Hartford Mining Com
pany viii be held at tho office Of the company,
Room 90, Hayward's Building, California street,
San francisco, California, on MONDAY, Au'
gust 18th, A.. D. 1914. at 2 ?. -.
Jy29 I'd cHAs. fI.fIsH sssyrstsry:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
ASSESSMENTS LEVIED.
TAPPRiRK MLykR MINING

SAPPHIRR ,.MLVkR MINING
- CnnpanyEEocaton Auf Works, Gold Hill
Mining District, storey county, State. VI Ne
ssdr.-Notice is-hereby given that az Q meeting
OF the Board Of Trustees OF said Company, held
on the 18Th day or July, 1874, auN asses.tiont
II Thirty Cents per share was levied npu the
capital stock Of said Company, payable immedi.
aiely In United States gUid coin, TO the Secre-
lary. u tue ofieo Of the Company, No,4$ Cal
lfotnia street, San Francisco, California.
Any stock upon which said assessment shall
remain unpaid on Saturday, the l7th day Of An.
gust, lST2. shall be ueemod delinquent, and will
DO duly advertised rUr sale at public suct on,
Ind unless payment shall be made before, will
oe sold on FRIDAY, thu 9th day or september,
STA. to.psy the delinquent assessment, together
Slth costs Of advertising and expenses Of za!e.
Nv ordor of the Board Of Trustees.
JOEL r. LIGllTSER, Secretary.
Oai-e-No. 1873 California street, San Fran
.iseo' Cal. jyiS I'd
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
NAsKY CORD AND ysIi.yEh

DAsKY COED AND sllsvkh
~ Mining Company - Location OF Works,
lyon County, State Of Nevada Notice. is here.
Trustees Of said Company, held gu the Third
day OF July, 1872, an assessment OF Seventy i've
I75J Cents per share was levied upon the cap
ltRl stock OF said company, payable 'mmedi-
stely, in Inited States gold coin, TO tho Score
aiifornia street, Room No. 5, san .ffanclrco,
California. Any stock upon Yhicht said assess-
.nent shall remain unpaid on TUESDAY. the
9TH day OF August, 1872, shall be deemed delin'
quent, and will be duly advertised for sale al
public auction, and unless payment shall be
made before, will be sold on MONDAY, the 10Th
lay Of Augurt, 1872. to pay the delinquent assess
ment, together With, costs Of advertising and
expenses Of sale.
By order OF the Board OF Trustees.
- $ SEQ R. iSPINSEY, Secretary.
ONCE RoomS, No. $40 California street. San
francisco, California. Jy6 I'd
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
INnPIRK .MIL.L AND .nININ.

umpire Mill AND .nlNiNt.
Il COnpany.-Locstion OF Works. Gold Hill
district, Storey County, State OF Seyada.ENo'
ice Is hereby given, that at . meeting OF the
board Of Trustees Of said Company held on The
10th dIy,of July, 1917, an assessment of.Fllty
Cents per shire was lowed. upon. the Sapi'
al stock OF ssid Company. payable Immediate
", IN United States gold coin, TO the Secretary,
Il the office Of the, Company, Room No. ~ Hay
wards Building, ilg California street, san
francisco, California. Any stock upon whlch
said assessment shall remain unpaid on the
18Th day OF AuguAt, 1872, shall be deemed
%lelinouent and will be duly advertised for sale
II public suction, aud unless payment shall be
made before, will be sold on MONDAY. the ~
LAY. Of September. lSIs. to pay the delinquent
assessment, together with the costs OF adver.
.islngand expenses OF sale.
By order OF the board Of Trustees.
W. +. DIAN, Secretary.
Office Room No. ID hayward's Building, No.
10 California sreet. San francisco, Cal.
iyio Id
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
DELINQUENT Assssssssf SALES.

.IlANEY COLD Ann sILyRR
~ Mining CompanJILocstioS q wG,ks,
arc delinquent upon the following described
stock, on account OF assessment CNo. 81 levied
on the I'd day OF July, 1879, tho teveral amounts
set opposite the iamea OF the respective share
hOlUerp. a. IolloNs:- -rlr-A =.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

CALEDONIA SILVER MINING COMPANY,
u Storey County, State Of Nevada.-Notiee-
rho Second Annual Meeting Of stockholders Of
the above named Company, for the purpose OF
alecting Trustees to rerye during the ensuing
wear, Will be held On. WEDNESDAY, the 2lsi
day OF Auglst, 1874. at l o'clocRP. n, at thr
office OF the Company, No. Al California strcet,
jIn Francisco, California Transfer Books will
be closed from ] O'Clock P. N . on, saturday, the
nth Of August. 1871. unulalies die meoting Sc
Il. WEGESER, Secretary.
Gan Eraneisco- Aucust Cd. 1872, aus I'd
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
S0UrHxRN GOI.D iIIEL ,.OLD

~
y and Silver MINI: Company. --I.ocatl0L Of
works, Gold Hill Mining District, STOREY county,
state OF Nevada. Notice Is hpreby given, that
ats meeting1ofth hi Trustees o.. said Company
geld on the 2ith day o. June, 1872, al assrss.
nent Of Twenty 1ye Cents per share war levied
upon. tho capill stock Of said Company. pay
ole immediately. .GCnitsd states gold coiu,to
the Secretary, at thu. office Of the Company.
room No: q ,YerchAptsy Exctspgc. California
.trc6t, San Francirco, Calf rnia. An STOCK
upon which said assessment shall remain un,
paid on SATURDAY, the 81 day OF August,
1879. shAlit bc'iceined delinquent, and will b.
duly adycrtised fos sale at public auction, and
unless paymen; shall be made before, viii be
sold on MONDAY, tho 18th day OF August,
lSIl, to DAY the delinquent assessment together
With coats Of advertising and expenses OF sale.
BY order Of the Board Ut Trustees.
DAVID WILDER. Secretary.
Ofice Room No. d. Merchants Exchange,
California street, San Francisco, California.
iyN Inn law o.. .
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
xIrII.I:IAn PENN CONsOI.ID.

Location OF Works. Devils Gate. District. S,o'
| rey County. Stare OF, Nevada Sotice,- There
arr, delinquent upon the following. described
stock on account Of Assessment No. 2, levied on
the Third day Of July, lS79. the several amounts
holders as follows: .-.H.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
PIONEER LAUNDRY
NORTH OF VIRGINIA.
!. F. HALL, O. D. HALL. @. ". HALL
Proprietors. rry

THIS OLD RsTABLIsHRD AND
/ reliable Laundry Ia prepared %, turn ont
sny quantity OF Renovated and Clean Linen,
Without xlng damaged BY manipulation OF
nv -h-miest spplieation. III .T.r~",-.E
Packages punetuslly called Tor and returned.
ofices. a. International Hotel, Tahoe. Bouss
o dWslsee's Fruit Store; South C street, yl.i
NV oNios, ana vsss;'s HsIsi, lsin 1tlset,
60H BILL SsUT'
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
TO MILLMEN I!

WYE HAVE FOR SALE AT TIE GOLD
! w nm NTws omen hrlf Q ton Of spPeuor
TTSRs Ast., tSs w $oqFsI &c. vii s. sod siIs
6ne04 prices TOT essb.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
AMERIUAN MIN.

Is Ing Compauy-Location Of Works, Gold Hill
aiming Disitict,' Storey county, State Of Nevada.
= Notice. 10 hereby given that 81 . mcctlg OF ne
Trustees OF said company, held ON Tue 18th day
II July, 1872, an assessment OF one Dular ;SU
Der snare Was levied upon the capital stock Of
aid Company, payable august I, ls'r,t In United
states yoid coin, TO the Secretary, at the office
u the Company, No. AL California street, San
francisco, California. Any stock upon which
,aid assessment shdfl remain unpaid on MON
JAY, the I'd day OF september, 1917, shall be
ieemed delinquent, and will be duly advertised
Ior sale e ppotr auction, and unless payment
.hali bsngEaes nsfores Wilde soltoB BhiDAf,
he a0th day Of September, 1871, TO- pay the dc:
unuuent assessment together with costs oi
Ldvertislny and expenses Of sale.
= JOS. j.. KING, Secretary.
once, I'll California street, San Francisco,
california. - ylito
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
w-Y0RK ~CONaOLsDaTED

y Mining Company Location Of. WORKS
Guld Hill Mining District, Storey county, Ne.
.ada.ENot CO. -There are. delinquent 'upon'th
following described stock, on, account Of aslesst
mont levied on tho FIST d6y or June, 1873, the
several amounts set opposite tho nsmos Of the
respective shareholders, as follows:
" Narf M Qha Amt
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
DIVIDEND NOTICE.

OFFIcE OF TIE CROWN POINT GOLD
" aud Silver Mining Company, G9 California;
street, San Francisco July s, IA dividend
VI Three Dollars (S8 pei, share WAS this
Jay declared upon the capital stock OF this
Tho transfer books Will be closed on the 10th
jy7 cuAs. E. ELLIOT, Secretary.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09
MINING NOTICES.
DIyIbENb-NortcE

OFFICE OF TIE GBELCHER SILVER
~ Miuing Company. San Frltcisco. August
IsT2.-Ai o meeting OF the Board Of Trus.
tees, held this day, a dividend NO. 81 Of Three
($3) dollars per share was declared. payG.
.ns I'm II. c. KIBBE. Secretary.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

S.BITTERaAN Chairman:
Gro. A. Kso, Secretary aul n
tRspsSitc,S pSsstsi . fpasaopttse ststeeoEyj
TYPE MEIllS fs! sS !: . ss. sS4.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1872-08-09

advertising Is the oil which wise men put
their lampe."-Kodern ffor.
, 1872-04-17
8 Z, o q A Q,

ceives SIS monthly to furnish conveyance
for this duty, those who keep no pony are
seldom or never called upon to perform du-
ty in the country. Now, the delay, which
is often caused by unforeseen circumstances
when these are on duty in the country,
necessarily GcvoIves d double portion OF du-
ty upon another man. As a natural con-
sequence of this defective police force,
vagraney must prevail. Abusive language
is heard every where to an unlimited de-
gree fol the staff of police men is so small,
that they can only be posted at certain
places during certain hours, instead of be-
ing found every where, in every street, as
it is in other places.
Bird. An apology for a Fire Company;
Fifty men, it is true, compose this compa-
ny. Scattered here and there and every
where in the country as many OF them are,
what dependence can be placed upon such
u company Tor effective service in case OF
a fire. 1t is a very difficult task to control
their meeting together every other month,
for the purpose Of inspecting the Brand
Apparatuses, which, en- PEASANT are any
thing but modern. The frehooks and lad
ders must certainly have been made to suit
the strength and size Of the sons of Anak,
and these, together with the antique en-
gines, would soon enough prove their total
ineficiency, when tested by the occurrence
of a fire of any extent. The least that can
be said of this Fire Company is, that 1t IS
a disgrace to oar community.
Some other remarks remain to be made
on this subject; but l will not occupy
more space at present.
AGRICOLA.
, 1872-04-17

these, we fad certain PHosPHATEs, which, though pre-
sent in the soil in the smallest quantity, are its most inn
pOrtant mineral constituents. These are derived prIn-
cjpalIy from the animal kingdom"
What practical lesson do we derive from this know
ledge "The most exact observations" says Liebig,
"proye that the method of cultivation must vary with
the geognostical subsoi1. This fully explains the diff
ference in the necessary methods of culture for differ
ent places; since 1t is evident that the essential ele-
ments of the soil must vary with the varieties Of the
composition of the rocks from the disinte grafton Of
which they originated" Observe, this disintegration of
the materials of the rocks and their conversion into
soil, is produced by the action ofthe atmosphere and
of rain if these had been wanting, the soil would new
cr have been tarmed. Further, let us observe, that the
value ola soil will depend, in a very great degree, upon
the eTtent Of dSSlntegrdti0n of It's constituents, inasmuch
as in proportion to that will be their SoEu6iHty, and so
their availableness to the plants which grow in the
soil, since these last can only take up and make use of
such materials as are held in solution; of permanently
solid materials they can make no use. Thence, one OF
the means dOpted for aSCertalning the value of land, is
to find by experiment what proportion of its constitu-
ents is in a soluble state. may further remark, that
this process acts benefcialIy in a circle as it were, for
in proportion as it proceeds, the ratio is accelerated,
inasmuch as at each stage the particles of matter are
brought into the state (namely, that of subdlvision) IN
which they are more readily acted upon by the disin-
tegrating agents, air and water. This is a fact known
10 every chemist, who, when he is about TO subject any
substance to the action of another, always communities
it to the last degree, in order that the agent may come
IN contact with it in as many points as possible. sit is
obvious, says Liebig, ''that the rapidly Of the decom-
position of a solid body must increase with the extern
sion of its surface the more points of contact we offer
In a given time to the external chemical agent, the
more rapid will be its action" We may here notice,
, 1872-04-17

police; and it appears clear to me that q
police in an island such as st. Croix
must be had for less than1 $4,000.
The idea put forth in these remarks
was not a despisable one for if these men
were so employed, instead of being mere
idle consumers Of the public revenues, the
community might have the pleasure OF say
ing like "Handy Andy; when he stole a
letter at the post office, "IlI have two for
my masters shilling" Instead, however,
of being of any such essential use in this
community, they live a life of comparative
ease, idleness and it may be added, dissi-
patton. Those among them who know
trades, may pay others who know none, to
do the barrack duties which occasionally
devolve upon them they may 60 at llber-
ty and undertake work in the towns. OF
course, when they are housed, clothed, fed,
and paid a daily stipend besides, will they
not be able to undertake work at a much
lower rate than the native wOrkmen
And is it compatible with justice, that
these men should be permitted to take
work outside of their barrack, in fact, to
keep or hire a shop in the town, to the de-
triment of those Workmen, who must pay
taxes, buy Burgher's-brief, and otherwise
bear the communal burdens, the greatest of
which is the supporting Of these very men,
at the enormous rate Of 81 900 a year?
2nd, An inefficient police. Eight men
as a police-staff in each of the towns, is q
poor arrangement. The duties which these
have to perform are so numerous, that they
can hardly have time enough to eat. Three
or four of these keep ponies, and these are
obliged to do the duties in the country al
ways, as each man who keeps a pony re-
, 1872-04-17
IS

tells a good deal Of its naturc-by the help Of fire or
water. we NAV ascertain whether it contains, besides
the mineral matter, any, and what proportion OF an or
ganic character, which is of great Importance IN deter
mining its fertility. Refined analysis will show that
there are in all eleven substances necessary for the
growth of vegetables, viz. potash, soda, lime, maguesIa,
alumina, silica, iron, manganese, sulphur, phosphoFoUS,
chlorine. We need not at present enter deeply !ntN
the consideration of these, but content ourselves with
the conclusion that soil is composed OF two classes OF
ingredients-one, the inorganic or mineral; the other,
the organic, or such as have at some time formed parts
of individuals Of the animal or vegetable kingdoms.
The proportions which these bear to each other vary
materially-in peaty soils they may be nearly equal IN
some Iong-cultlvated lands the organic may form 20
per cent. of the whole; good wheat soils contain lO or
l2 per cent. oats will grow when they constitute only
II per cent. AS a general average, we may say that
there is from 3 to 10 per cent. of organic matter In all
fertile soils. Again, the inorganic matters OF the soil
are of ~ kindS-the soluble, or salt, and the lnSoIu-
Bile, or earthly; the latter, which is rarely less than %
lbs. in 100, consists chiefly of silica IN the form OF sand;
aIumSna, mixed with silica, in the form of clay; and OF
lime in the form ofcarbonate of lime traces also ofiron
and magnesia exist. Accordingly, as one or other OF
these materials prevails, the character of the soil is
altered, and so also its denomination. OF the salts, there
are usually found many in small quantities., though
they are not the less important on that account amongst
them, we may enumerate common salt, gypsum, sui
phate Of soda, sulphate ofmagnesla; with the chIorldes
of sodium, magnesium, and potassium, and the nltrates
of potash, soda, and lime. 1t is from these soluble
substances that the plant derives the greater part OF the
saline Ingredients contained in the ash they leave when
burned and, on the other hand, some proportion OF
what is found of them in a soil may be considered to
have formed part Of the vegetable matter which has
been applied to it in the form of manure. Besides