The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-02-18

MUS I'LL tNe statement that the SOlcmultS usual
sne preconlzation OF Cardinals will on TINS coca,
siol OF course have to be dispensed with" though
tne necessity in fact. arises solely from the as
suined captivity or 'the prisoner or the Natican."
AS regards Archbishop Manning, indeed, we were
little surprised not that the Pope should be ready
70 promote him, but that he should be DESTROYS, II
ne Is DESTROYS. OF accepting an honor likely TO
hamper ms acti0n and 10 imperl rather 10 enhance
man, whose genius was greater than hls common
sense July expected 10 be received nj Court as
uarmaa ana was not lite disappointed, II not
soureu' AZ nhding that his new dignity conferred no
Seinr re esnx or position IN england ana.
be recognized by the government al ALL so mat all
0nlsiai intercourse had 10 be carried on through
BISHOP uraut, oi SOutnwark, instead OF himself DIR.
Manning Will he under no such iusIops and
neilner II ne likely to apply 10 tine Queer for per-
mission 10 accept ms new title which was, we he.
lleve, asked ana obtained IN the case vi Cardinal
Weld. He is, however, the best Judge OF what will
be most conducive TO hls ecclesiaslcal aspirations;
coupled with the reyersi0nary chances Of influence
IN future concaves, may perhaps seem u sutlclenr
compensation Tor the drawbacks or princely
rank which VIII not be recognized and cannot be
ia i aside For II Is curious circumstance and
ter or the Papacy that the highe position in the
koman Church next 10 that OF the supreme ana
inlalilbe Pontllf L. secular and not spiritual
once, which may be, and ofien has been, held by
laynen The whole history OF the institution Is so
remarkable that II may be worth while briefly to
which Cardinals rank princes Of the blood
Is passing through momienlous, II not nna
Catholic Cnurch.' said Il. About, 10 peculiar
manner, us governed by the Pope and seventy
is not quite an accurate account OF the NATTER out
1t represents with tolerabe fidelity the popular I'M
dc ructo government OF the Church. But when we
proceed to inquire how the body which was once
ruled Dy Twelve apostles came TO- fall under the do
can hardly he compressed INTO the limits Of an
eplgrammat1c sarcasm.
For many centuries, even after the Bishop Of
Rome had attained IN practice to position or un-
challenged supremacy In the Western Church, his
election was Dependent on the Joint action OF the
Whole civic community in It's threefOld division-the
government the clergy and the people. 1t was not
TIL the middle OF the eleventh century that Nicolas
IL, acting under the inspiration OF Hildebrand, VINO
was soon afterwards to succeed him on the Papal
throne, effected the great revolution-tor such 1t
Of the supreme Pontir from large and mixed
constituency In which the civil authorities held
Nominated by himself alone. The preamble fe" Of
Nicolas Bull after rehearsing the troubles and con-
fusons OF former elections as the cause for this
mentOus change, DEGREES that henceOrth the right
shall appertain first to the Cardinal Bishops then to
inc Cardinals Of lower rank. and that the
their acquiescence About a century later
Alexander Ill. made the votes OF two
and this provision still continues in force The
present composition OF the Sacred College is fixed
by later enactment; daring from the reign of
beers to seventy, divided into SIX Cardinal Bishops,
fifty Cardinal Priests and fourteen Cardinal Dea-
nomenclature Is purely technical; Cardinal
Deacon may be in priests orders. as is The
and many Cardinal Priests are bishops On the
other hand there may ne Cardinal Priests who are
IN as was nor MANY @
only deacon, Bishop OF Osimo. There have even,
according to Moroni, been Cardinal Bishops who
were only in DIAGONAL orders. The fact Is Inat the
cardinaitlal title Is purely secular one; n Is a
grade IN the Court Of Rome, not in the Church, but
anS 70 r wsaa the sSnss
iaymes, dress as priests, and cannos marry
without reslgning their dignity. There no Ordl.
nation for Cardinal as sucn and lie only requires
marry, as many lay Cardinals have actually done.
named ny Clement XII. Archbishop OF Toledo and
CARDINAL at the mature age OF eight; and Sixtus v.
made ms nephew Cardinal when boy OF fourteen.
nails In holy orders have been allowed to renounce
Their dignity and marry generally on political
the King OF Poland, who was born q cardinal and a
jesuit, received dispeusati0n to marry, and to
marry his brothers. widow, on the Jewish principle
or "raslng up seed TO Ills brother" Several other
instances occurred IN the same century OF Cardinals
IN sacred orders being allowed to marry. The real
fact Is that this hybrid dignity, while not sacred
Is yet. as belonging the Papal Court an coolest
asticai one. 1t is conferred on laymen Oy o legal
obligation OF taking deacon's orders WITHIN that
period, which. however, can be renewed totes QUO
Professionals were invested with the Cross OF St Louis
for ninety-nine years, when their right to wear 1t
WOULD DC i0rieirea they pemainea IN neresy It was
nails not IN deacons orders should not vote In con-
cave; put this exclusion Is explained IN later Bull
and accordingly the Cardinal Archduke Albert who
afterwards married. voted In the election OF Slxtus
1t was the express wish OF Plus TX. that all the
Cardinals should be at least In deacOn's ORDERS and
there there, are accordingly no members OF the present
the process OF creating Cardinals is almost as SIM
guar as their position when created. They pass,
30 to speak, through chrvsaIis and an unnedged
state OF exstence-il sucn confusion OF metaphors
may be allOwed-beOre the fully developed butter
ny displays It's painted wings. First there are the
The Pope to tnat high dignity, though no one but
himself need know anything OF the fact IL was
their names In secret Conslstory, as was
done by Martin v. but this Imperfect PRONUNCIATION
practice was adopted OF simply intimating In Con.
sisory the number, but not the names, or the per.
sSs desgnated I0t '1 ne PURPLE when naa no 0.ner
Of creation, as these unknown members were held
10 belong to the Sacred College custom has
since sprung up OF the Popes writing out IN sealed
packets the names OF Cardinals promoted in pettO,
or tine guidance OF his successor, who.
wlsnes in the case Of his death, and does
not invariably do so. Plus TX. has the dis
credit OF supplying the first example OF Pope an
nulling his own IN petO nominations, and that, too,
alter 1t had been formally intmated BY letter to the
nominee who was, moreover, BY Tar the most dis
ury-R0smlni The future CARDINAL after receiv- |
ag notice TO make preparations for his public re-
,Gt his latest work, published by the express drec.
ion OF the Pope, placed on the Index. SO much
or the chrysalls or IN peto stage OF development,
rom which freshly named Cardinal energies into |
what was formerly kind OF novitate, during which
he is called cardinal cum ore clause. invested with
office, until the Pope has solemny ''opened his
mouth" Eugenius ~ declared cardinals in this
state incapable of voting in Consistory; but the
strictiOn was removed by Plus Nv. century later