davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
T Attest ARRIVALS.
II GEO. A. SMITH.

MAIN STREET, STANTON, VA,
Has the handsomest assortment of ladies,
misses and childrens
SHOES, CATERS AND SLIPPERS,
ever offered in this market, consisting in part Of
MARIA ANTOINETT SLIPPERS,
SARATOGA SLIPPERS,
NEWPORT TIES,
and an endless variety of other styles, manufac-
tured out Of the best materials and after the la-
rest and most fashionable patterns.
Also.
GENTS PRINCE ALBERT SLIPPERS,
SUPERIOR CALF BOOTS AND SHOES.
COARSE BOOTS, SHOES, &C.
In addition to the large assortment of goods in
his line, that he had manufactured
EXPRESSLY FOR THIS MARKET.
in Baltimore and Philadelphia, he is prepared to
receive and execute orders for all descriptions of
work to be made,up in his shop by the best work.
men in the counry.
He is determined to keep up with the progress
sive spirit of the age, and give no one an excuse
to go beyond the limits of Staunton to have Il .
most fastidious taste satisfied in the boot OIL
shoe line. .
His large experience in, and practical knowl-
edge of his business, WITH his
UNRIVALLED FACILITIES
for supplying the wants of customers, justi6es
him i'll promising
PERFECT SATISFACTION.
Also, fine assortment of HATS, fol men and
boys, as can be found in this market and at pri-
ces to suit all.
He returns his sincere thanks tc the people of
Staunton and augusta county, for the liberal
patronage he has heretofore received. which Gu
ablcd him to thus enlarge his business and offer
greater inducements than ever, and hopes to
have continuance of the confidence and friend
ship of the public in the future, which will he
duly appreciated.
REMEMB Der,
that if you want
A NEAT AND ELEGANT SHOE.
for either
LADIES, MISSES OR CHILDREN,
A FINE BOOT OR SHOE
for
GENTLEMEN AND BOYS
q E 0 r G e A. S M IT HIS
is
THE PLACE TO GET IT.
may est
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

GEO. EYLEn. HENRY COOPER. WIN. J. NELSON
THE COMPREHENSIVE Of Park
/ ms, Nelson & Co., having been dissolved
by the sale of the interests of some of the part
ners, and the establishment having come into
our possession, we appear before the public with
improved facilities, and with determination to
please in
We respectfully ask from the people Of Vir-
ginia and the South, a fair share of patronage
We propose to manufacture and repair porta-
BILE and stationary Steam Engines and Boilers,
Saw-mills, Mining Machinery, Hydraulic and
Screw Presses for Oil and Tobacco, Car Wheels,
Car Trucks, Shafting, Pulleys and Hangers.
We keep on hand full assortment of repairs
for the Pitt Threshing Machine, which we will
furnish fitted upon short notice.
We also manufacture Flows, Plow Castings,
Hay Rakes. Hay Presses, Straw Cutters, and Ag-
ricultural implements generally.
Address,
EYLER, COOPER CO.,
march 3O-tf Staunton, Va.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Tfom snissiioner's Sale Of Land.

commissioners Sale of Land.
~ Under a decree of the Circuit Court of Au-
gnsta county, entered in the cause of Snapp,
Guardian, &C., VS. Frederick Rhodes widow, &C.,
will proceed iu the town of Spring Hill, on
THURSDAY, the 25th day of JULY, 1872,
to make sale at public auction of certain tract
Of land, on Middle River. about seven miles from
Staunion, on both sides Of the main road leading
from Stanton. containing
Al ACRES,
to be sold as a whole or in lots
It has on it the walls of large stone building,
formerly Fulling Mill.
TERMS costs of sale and suit in hand, the
residue on credit of one two and three years.
with interest from the day Of sale, on bonds,
with personal security, retaining the title as
further and ultimate security.
Sale to commence at IL o'clock, a. m.
A. P. ANDERSON,
june 27-ds Commissioner.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
PriUnte Sales.
" aluable Middle River Farm
for Sale i'm Ampusta Gam + u

Valuable Middle River Earn,
for Sale in Augusta COun TT.
offer for sale, my farm, lying Middle hlv-
er, about miles North of Staunton, containing
2S5 Acres,
one hundred and fifty of which is cleared under
good fencing and in fine state of cultivation
The balance we'll timbered.
The farm is well watered. and there is one of
the finest Springs in the county in the yard. The
improvements consist Of good two-story
BRICK BUILDING.
with log house attached, good brick smoke
house, stone spring house. corn house. and a new
Barn, SO by 38 feet. and other out-buildings
The soil is very productive. regarded as first
class Middle River land The farm is located in
good neighberhood, accessible by good roads,
and convenient to
SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES
Any person wishing to purchase, can be shown
the premises by calling on the undersigned, who
resides on the farm.
TERMS liberal, and made known on application,
to GEO. A. ANDERSON.
NAV 1871
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
IN TWO SHIPS,
GTAUNTON
- Baptist Female Institute,
STAUNTON, VA

- \ -
The Session 1928 begins September 10Th.
and ends 10th June. The course of Literary and
Scientific Study is very complete, including these
several Schools. Q.) Ancient Languages. e. J
Modern Languages. (3-) Mathematics. ~ Nor
al Philosophy. (5.) Natural Sciences. (e En-
glish Literature. e. History. e. English and
Composition. (9.) Bible History. These Schools
are Independent in organization, that the pu-
pill may take just what studies suit her best. A
Preparatory Department for Elementary studies
is efficiently conducted.
The School of Music is thoroughly organized
and carefully taught. Provision is made also fer
Drawing, SC
The Boarding Department is in charge Of the
Principal and his wife, and all possible atten-
ton is paid to the health and comfort of boarders
The Charges are as low as they can be made, in
view Of the character Of instruction and accom-
modatons.
For further information, address
JOHN HART, NJ. A., Principal,
june 20 Staunton, Va.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
BOOTS AND SHOES.

for ladies and gentlemen, in the city. Also a
nee assortment Of gents Hats. which will be
sold very low. Young gents, remember, if you
want '.kid~ftting" Dress Boot Cater or Shoe
here is the place to leave your orders. We are
still manufacturing and will keep full stock
Of material for making nice boots and sh oes OF
all styles. Call early and often. We hope, by
strict attention to business and honest dealing
to merit the patronage Of friends and the
public. J. j. MCMAHON.
;ulr11ff
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
srAuNroN. Va. February Goth 1877:

SrAuNToN, VA, February 26th, 1872
l hereby certify that own very valuable
horse which for several years has been affect
ed with disease of the kidneys, which caus-
ed him to urinate with the greatest difficulty and
pain; that a few weeks ago I applied to DR..
H. J. Cosens. Veterinary Surgeon, located in
Staunton, Virginia, for medicine to cure said
horse of this disease; that DR.. Cosens prescrib-
ed Cosens Celebrated English Horse Powders
and Blood Purifier; that used one paper of
these powders according to directions, and find
that my horse is now perfectly cured of his dis
ease. l consider that the value of the horse
has been enhanced one hundred dollars by his
being cured of said disease. I keep constantly
on hand supply of Dr. Cosens' preparations,
and would advise every one who owns a horse
to do likewise.
GIDEON r. SMITH.
For sale, wholesale and retail, by H H ~ LIZ,
Druggist, Gen'l Agent Staunton. Va. [mar Att
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
S. % Tixaberlake7S
CHEAP STORE,
and see the
and see the

UNPARALLELED BARGAINS
which we are now laying before the community,
Some persons may say that we sometimes blow a
little in presenting our goods before the people.
but how in the name of common sense are we to
bring these grand auction drives to the notice of
an oft humbugged public if we do not present
them IN their true light, however unreasonably
lov they may appear.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Ito! FOR THE NEW FIRM!
r. j. M c MI A HI ON.

r. j. McM A HON.
Successor to N. B. Hendry.
Having purchased the entire stock of Dry
Goods, Boo.s, Shoes, Hats and Caps, of N. H
Hendry, and with view of changing the Dry
Goods branch, we will commence, from this day
to sell the entire stock of Dry Goods
AT PRIME COST,
and no joke! but will prodcce the bills. if re-
qulred; and any remnants on hand will be sold
regardless of cost. We mean what we say. If
you don't believe it,
Come and See for Yourself,
and you can't help calling again. 1t is our in
tention TO establish ourselves and make our place
Of business one which cannot be surpassed in
the State. The goods hich we propose to sell
at prime cost consists of
LADIES' FINE DRESS GOODS, (all grades)
LADIES' WHITE GOODS, CAMBRlCS, SC.
LADIES' HOSE, HANDKERCHIEFS,
CUFFS, COLLARS, TRIMMINGS,
and notions generally. Those who wish to get
bargains in this line should not delay in calling
and supplying themselves at once, and don't for
get that we keep the largest stock and best as
sOrtment of
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Gale Of House and Lot in Staun
~ 4an-As Adm nistratnr de haaaia nan

Gale Of House and Lot in Staun-
ID fGn.-As Administrator, de bonis non,
with the will annexed of Francis Huff, de.
ceased, and by virtue Of the authority vested in
me by said will, will sell at public auction, in
front OF the Court house in Staunton, on
SATURDAY, the Bird day of AUGUST, 1872.
valuable House and Lot, situated on the west
side OF Washington street in the city of Staun4
ton. The lot fronts 81 feet inches on Washing
ton street and runs back 76 feet, and has upon,
il toeraby good house. This property is beta
ter known as the residence Of the late William
Southards. and is now occupied by Geo. Alexan~
der.
Terms OF SALE.-Cash on the day Of sale
$3.50, and the residue in three equal annual pay
ments, bearing interest from the day of SALE the
purchaser executing his bonds with approved
personal security for the deferred payments, and
the title retained as ultimate security
MICHAEL NcALEER. Administrator
de bonis NON, with will annexed of Francis Huff,
deceased
b NJ, Cushing, Auctioneer july Aids.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
nR. COsENS' CELEBRATED
MEDICINES FOR MAN AND REAST

We publish below few of the many certificates
that nave been given Of the virtues Of DR.. Cosens'
famous medicines for the cure of Rheumatism
Strains, Sores, etc. The English White Oil is
adapted to the cure of all affections of the skin,
pains in the limbs or body, etc., etc., in either
man or beast. ~
The Horse and Cattle Powders are unsurpassed
for purifying the blood, cleansing the system, and
putting the animals in a condition to escape sick
ness and disease and cause them to thrive
The following certificates will show the estimate
in which they are held by those who have used
them.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Stnasnt071 Advertisement.

JAMES r. ByEns HENRY e. sUMMERSoN.
OVERS & sUHiEEEHSON,
ID DEALERS IN
FAMILY GROCERIES,,
COUNTRY PRODUCE,
FINE GIG RS,
CHEWING & SMOKING TOBACCOs.
WE HAVE OPENED A NEW AND FULL STOCK
In the Room Opposite Court House,
recently occupied by N. A. Baylor s Co.. and it
will be our aim to keep constantly on hand q
choice selection of goods in our line.
call is solicited. We feel confident that we
can please.
We have full line of all the different Brands
of both CHEWING and SMOKING ToBAccos, and ev-
cry style and grade of CIGARS.
WANTED!-FOR CASH,
FLOUR. GRAIN,
BACON, &C.
BYERS & SUAIMERSON,
auo 31-tf Staunton, Va
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

STANTON. Va, February goth, 1872.
This is to certify that have been afflicted with
Rheumatism in my shoulder for two or three
years, and scarcely able to raise my arm at times.
was induced to try as aremedy, DR.. Cosens' En-
glish White Oil. Ihave used nearly half of one
bottle, by rubbing my shoulder, before going to
bed, and havebee entirely relieved.
VIM. A. REED.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

OpecI:ll NOtfce.-Having removed to my
y new and handsome store-room, at the old
stand formerly occupied by John B. Scherer, on
New street, am now opening large and we'll
selected assortment of spring and summer
READY MADE CLOTHING,
made up in the latest styles and in the best man,
ner. | offer my goods to the trade on the most
liberal terms. determined not to be undersold by
any establishment in the Valley.
Thankful for past fayors, l respectfully ask
the attention of my old friends and the public
generally. to my new stock.
+ april 18-tf E. HAGEMAN.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Valuable Augusta Farm for Sales
The undersigned offers for sale his valuable
farm containing

The undersigned offers for sale his valuable
farm containing
IT'S ACRES,
lying on both sides of Middle River, 81 miles
west of Stanton and Ii miles east of Swoope'a
Depot, on the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad
Sixty acres of this land is fine river bottom of
best quality. The balance lies rolling, with about
35 Acres of good Timber. All in a high
state of cultivation. and everything connected
with it in good repair.
The improvements consist of good Brick
Dwelling, with rooms -four below and four
above-a good garnet and cellar, and a brick
kitchen attached. There is first class Bank
Barn, with ample stabling; granarys double
corn crib. with floor between; good Hog Pen,
Poultry House, lee House, Meat House, Dairy,
Carriage House. and a very good Tenant H ouse,
the farm. with t-buildings There is an
abundance of fruit on the place, including about
80 apple trees of select qualities and other fruits
commonly found on a farm of this kind. There
is a well of limestone water within 20 wards of
the kitchen door, and three good springs within
2OO yards Of the house. Every field is watered
by the River. Churches of various denomna-,
tions, schools. mills and blacksmith shop, conve-
nient, and all within from ] to miles distance.
The neighborhood is unexceptionable.
Any one wishing to purchase q farm of thi
description, would do we'll to call on me soon, a
am determined to sell. Terms acco mmodating q
Taking everything into consideration, it is
rarely property of sueh advantages and attrac-
lions is offered in market, 1t is considered one
of the best and most desirable farms in Augusta
county.
Any one wishing to see the farm, will find me
al home. and will take pleasure in showingc it.
1t speaks for itself, and will bear the most are.
full inspection. In my absence, Mr. Bailey, who
is working for me- will show the premises to per-
sons wishing to examine them. ssg ss-77e
SAMUEL DRIVER, sa
aPfh liz swoope's Depot.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
rNrustee's Sale of Valuable ReaI

TfNrustee's Sale of Valuable Real
i Estate.-By virtue of dee dated 18th
of February, 1861, executed by George A. Hang
er to VIM. II. Baylor, in which the undersigned,
Preston A. Baylor, has been substituted by order
of the County Court of Augusta county as Trus-
tee, will proceed on
MONDAY, 9th of AUGUST, 1872,
to sell at public auction to the highest bidder on
the premises. two valuable well watered and tim
bered tracts of land. situated on the North bank
OF Middle River in Augusta county, SIX miles
and half Northwest of Staunton.
One tract contains about 154 Acres, on which
is a good comfortable two story frame dwelling,
containing eight ccmmodious rooms and also
convenient smoke house, barn, and all other ne
cessary out-buidings; water convenient-cist-
ern being Immediately at the house, and a spriag
one hundred yards distant from it. There is also
q good merchant mill and saw mill one hundred
yards distant. The land is principally rolling.
but under fine state of cultivation-one half or
more of which produces well-the rest well tim
bered.
The other tract contains 261 Acres. only two
thirds Of which will be sold It.is situated i'm
mediatey adjoining the former. This is also
we'll adapted to the production Of all kinds of
grain. well watered and timbered, possessing the
like surrounding advantages as the first tract
and it is pleasantly situated in pleasant neigh
borhood, which is not little appreciated by the
select purchaser.
The two tracts will be sold either separately or
together,
TEnMs.-Enough cash in hand to pay the costs
attending the sale and execution of the deed, the
residue in three annual instalments, the purchas.
er giving bonds with approved personal security,
bearing interest from date, title retained ulti-
mate security for the purchase money.
Any one desiring information concerning the
property, can call at my Office in staunton.
PRESTON A. BAYLOR,
july 4-tds-spec copy substituted trustee.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
july 4-tds

The undersigned, Administrator of Frederick
Scheifer, deceased, will at the same time and
place mentioned in the foregoing advertisement.
sell privately all the furniture belonging to said
Hotel, upon credits of 6, II. 10 and "a months,
taking from the purchaser good security therefor.
G. NJ. HARRISON, Administrator
july Aids Of Frederick Scheffer, decd.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Stanton al ert5sen.ents.

Stanton AN eytlsenAe7et8.
GABRIEL BLOWS HIS HORN y
RESURRECTION OF GOLD PRICES
VALLEY EMPORIUM IN FULL BLAST
THE IMMENSE STOCK OF GOODS THAT
GABRIEL HIRSH
has on hand is pretty certain evidence that he
means business and that he intends to sell at the
shortest profits consistent with safety and pru-
dence.
A business association with this people for q
quarter Of century, fortifes him in the conclu-
sion that he knows how to select goods to suit the
various tastes of the community, and every one
who has dealt with him knows that ali he aims at
is living profit. His magnificent stock of
JEwELRY,
WATCHES,
CLOCKS,
NOTIONS AND FANCY ARTICLES,
OIL CLOTHS,
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS,
CHILDREN'S CARRIAGES,
and everything else to be found in frst-class
Variety store warrant him in promising salts
faction to all who will favor him with call.
MR.. MIX, MATCHMAKER,
now occupies the position which was held, years
ago, by the pretty Man." and is prepared to do
all kinds of work in his line. He arrived in this
country short time since from the old world,
IN TWO SHIPS,
where he has worked in the best manufactures
in the old world. He can make watch out and
out, from the raw material, and consequently, is
capable Of doing any kind of work in the Watch
making and Repairing business. All work guar
anteed. GABRIEL HIRSH.
may eff
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
STAGE OFFICE,
Staunton Anril 18th 1870

CHANGE OF SCHEDULE On and after the
~ 10th of April, 1872, our Stages will leave
Stanton, double daily, at AIS p. m. arriving al
Harrisonburg al T. Bop. M. and at s. 80 a. M, ma
king close connections ct Harrisonburg with
Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad for
all points Eorh and West.
Fer Though tickets, apply to our Agents at
our Office at the Virginia etel.
Fare to Harrisonburg, ........-.............$15 so
april 16-tf HARTMAN & co.
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

A IL the latest style Hats for Gentlem en-, boys
n and children. Umbrellas, &C., at VEL.
ER'S boot, shoe and bet store. on 1a-tf
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

A WORD to the wise. Call with plenty of
- Greenbacks and save money by buying at
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

TWIN Brother Yeast Powder Horsford's Bread
4 Preparation, nooleys Yeast Powder, at
may C. c. WHEATS,
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
MR.. MIX, MATCHMAKER,

now occupies the position which was held, years
ago, by the pretty Man." and is prepared to do
all kinds of work in his line. He arrived in this
country q short time since from the old world,
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

The people of Staunton and for miles around are
requested to meet at
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

mEAS.-Green Tea, Japan Tea Black Tea I'm.
perial Tea-the very best, at
may 2 C. C. WHEATS
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01
Llve2'y.

TUVENTAS is sold everywhere. Try it.
- june 20
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

ESsENCLS-Lemon, Vanilla, Gelatine; Para
- line Wax candles, Toilet soap, at
may C. C. WHEAT'S
The Valley Virginian. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1865-1895, 1872-08-01

Mr. S. NJ WOODWARD, well known to the com
munity as an experienced and reliable Druggist
will have entire charge Of the Drug store.
april 18-3m e. q. Y.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1871-1872, 1872-03-06
gRucxAx rTozxCns.
FROM the EARLIEST AGES

To tn. present day, ecrofala has bsen the bane,
ana =, IL were, the curse Of mankind. Before
science had been developed and man had made
himself acquainted With the great sto.s--hoase
Of nature--there to ind remedies for the healing
Of tho world, this disease had IT, own way. 30
terrible and lOathsome had u been at some pc
riods Of the worlds history, that person known
" BE- infected with Il would not be allowed TO
mir with society. II was then that the sins Of
youth were psnished As long a. life lasted, and
often handed down 10 gsnsratioss. Happily IN
our day the disease 10 stripped. Of it's terror BY
the use 81 the Sc msTtan's koot and Herb jar
zee, and the victim Of syphilis, scrofuia, ulcers,
sores, pimples, blOtehss, letters, DO, osn be 70
stored TO sound health In few weeks. That
there ere thousands nov whose conditions are
a. bad a. were those Of the dark ages We are
we'll aware. Many now fell 10 hnd q cure a.
nish the ssmaritAn's Root and Herb Juicss free
tof charge, until . positive cure is affected.
All that has 90 be done 10 10 furnish reference
that payment viii be made after cure 10 eject
cd, which Of course every honest person ourh,
to DO willing to do. The following win explain
had been troubled with au eruption and 90.
we're itching of the skin for . nu n Der Of years
spent all the money could spare trying to gel
rid Of IL, all TO no p urpose. Seeing that Des.
mond a o., 9l5 Race street, had offered th,
eamAritan's Root and Herb juices, free OF eh arg,
ust.l . cure vas effected procursd the remedy
giving IS . reference that would pay wher
cured, my employers, Msssrs. 0hsrlss Burhsu
a Co., tin manufacturers, 1l9 South Tenth St.
and in three weeks after commsncinx the m sdi
cine, was entirely free Of the disease.
SAMUEL o. NRWBERN.
| philAaelphia Deoember a. 1871
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1871-1872, 1872-03-06

Now THIS is really diahsArieniug and seri-
ously shakes ones faith 10 human nature.
There is Mr.. ColfAI, who has been a Son Of
Temperance, and Rsehabits, and Band
Of Hope person, aud Daughter Of Martha
Washington, and every other sort Of total
abstinence dsvotse ever since he entered
into public life. His name has been tower
OF strength 10 the opponents Of what the
Tribune oOmprehensively Gala "run, aud
the beauty OF bis smile has been daily
quoted as proof Of the happiness which
accompanies the exclusive use Of cold water
as q beverage. Bot few nights ago thi,
apostle OF total abstinence attended q
dinner where tossts we're drank in real vine
Mr.. Collar himself proposed . toast, and
though be drank ii 10 water actually sug
gesied that the other persons present should
drink il in Something better" Will the
Tribune and the noble army Of cold water
martyrs please to note this confession. Mr.
Collar openly alludes 70 "rum" a. "some-
thing better than water. After this What
total NbssAiner 10 to be trusted Indeed,
vhA, reformsr OF any kind can We con6ds
inH Next We shall have Mr Greeley him.
self alludiGg 70 tobacco as something better
shan chewing gum.