The New York herald., 1872-08-20


MARRIAGE AND CHILDREN.
The Emperor OF Brazil mao Two ,, dangnters-rhe r,
Count dEu, son OF the Due de Nemours and grand
OF Louis Philippe, in the latter respect like
having had military education, showed decided
taste for military life, and has been Ior years
Princess LeorOldina who was born July 49, ls47, on
the 18th December, 1854, and four sons nave been
the issue OF the union. Their names are:-Pedro
Auguste Louis Marie born March Q, 1866; Auguste
Leopold Philippe, born December g. 1867; Joseph
Frederick Francis born May 2, 1862 and Louis Gas
cess Leopoldina died in Vienna February !. 1871.
leaving the Duke OF SAKE widOwer, which ne
still remains. The Emperor of Brazil has no male
issue, and therefore the young Duke of SAKE great
grandson of Louis Philippe and cousin of the
children OF the Prince OF Wales is now the heir
During the progress OF the Paraguayan referred
to below, and In which the Duke OF SAKE par,
Of erecting ' new new kingdom VIG in u South f America
There were many dynastic interests to be con-
sidered, the most important OF which was the
selection OF monarch who would be looked upon
with favor by the reigning houses in Europe. The
Duke Of SAKE was regarded as the most eligible and,
been placeo over new kingdom. made up OF parts
Of Brazil. Paraguay and the Argentine Republic.
y hy o. oar " te may ps
the Emperor of Brazil married the Prince de join
vile and the other the Count de Aquia, son of
Francis l., King Of the Two Scilies.
THE PARAGUAYAN WAR.
When the Duke of SAKE left Brazil the relations
OF the Empire with its former allies in the war
against Paraguay seemed to be on the eve of rup-
ture and the latest advces indicated that prepara
tions for hostiltles were In progress on both sides
The that opened in 1866 continued over two
years, and was remarkable for the ierocty with
which 1t was carried on on both sides. The avowed
object OF the allies was to drive Lopez from power,
and restore, it was alleged, the people OF Paraguay
to liberty. He fought with determination, and
brought into operation the entire physical power or
the kepublic-even including women-against i'm
mense odds. The quarrel was first with Brazil.
Lopez was ambitious to become an imperial ruler
and prove himself q power equal to the Emperor,
Dom Pedro; and there Is authority for saying that
the latter during the progress OF hostlites, de-
clared that II his people anxious for peace at
any sacrifice the duty OF asserting to such peace
would devOve on his daughter. In other words, he
would abdicate before signing treaty OF peace
| with Lopez
| THE ALLIES.
Paraguay 1t may he worth mentioning, was as
ready as Brazil to engage in war. Lopez had
pred to the hand Of the Princess LeOpoldna, but
all advances in that direction were curty rejected
by Dom Pedro Lopez, indeed, could offer little In
the way OF antecedents to ensure the happiness OF
the young lady. Brazil sought for alliances There
Flores and it being successful the latter came into
the views of Brazil and declared war against
America is wrapped around by the immmense ter
ritOry OF Brazil and the Argentine Republic.
Bolivia to the west has strip of seacoast on the Pa
cifc and its interests are more with Chile and Peru
They are Spanish and republican, while Brazi
is imperial and Portuguese. Lopez had asked per-
mission from the Argentine Republic to march a
Missones. This could not be granted without in
the cont III war with t6e the
tine Republic, on the ground that President Mltre
had been in connvance with Brazil; and against
Uruguay. on the ground that Flores had fought
against the independence OF Uruguay and had al
lowed the publication of satires and ibes concern
ing Lopez. Flores assassinated In the streets
OF Montevideo after abdicating about the close Of
the war; and soon after Lopez being totally de-
BY the FL and N closely was
soldier. AS an evidence Of the imperial aspirations
OF Lopez, 1t is recorded that
SIR EDWARD THORNTON,
who had spent twenty years In South Ameri.
can countries, was appointed English Minister to
and customs of the rulers and people. made the
usual application to the Minister OF Foreign Affairs.
The time Of presentation Of credentials was ap-
| pointed and carriages sent by Lopez to convey Mr..
tary Of Legation desired to enter the vehicle with
only the Minister should ride to the palace, and
Lopez took particular pains to state that he felt
grat1ed that Queen Victoria took such special in
| terest In his health and welfare.
| THE BRAZILIAN NAVY.
The Brazilian naval force took an active part dur
Duke Of Sax is an admiral in the Emperors service
and held an important position during the progress
OF h0stities. He distinguished himself on several
occasions under fire. The present naval force OF
the country consists Of fifteen ironclads and mOni-
tors and about sixty other vessels, principally pro-
pelled by steam. One of the iron-clads is called
after the name OF our present distinguished visitor
and was badly damagea during an ne% % with @
passage OF Humaita, strongly fortified position, Is
| claimed by the Braziians to have been naval feat
equal to Trafalgar or Mobile and to have established
the reputation OF the iron-clads OF the Empire
as being equal to the best in the world. The Para
more than one occasion the vessels composing It
dashed among their enemies and attempted to cap
by SGra the an on all
to the reports, the Duke OF SAKE, though young
was prominent during the hottest portions Of the
TREATY OF COLEJrpE.
The allies-Brazi Argentine Republic and Uru-
alone almost depOpulated, but placed entirely at
the mercy OF the Powers named Whatever were
the crimes Of Lopez the country over which he
dltion OF misery and misfortune And,
to understand the present condition OF
allies and the causes that threaten war between
them, the following statement will be read with in
treaty with Paraguay commony called the
| "COlejipe" treaty. 1t was an agreement In which
Uruguay and the Argentine Republic had no part
| and was entered into without consulting with
them. Brazil was by 1t guaranteed the power OF
establishing protectorate and maintaining in the
Republic certain number OF troops even after the
expiration Of the treaty OF the peace. The treaty
OF alliance peace, article s, provides that Para
e os X e s an
territorial integrity OF Paraguay was gqaran.
ny an ae I s
deemed it obligatory on herself to issue protest
against the special treaty made by Brazil with
develoDed by Brazil has very much alarmed the
neighborng republics OF Uruguay ana the Argen-
tic Republic, and fearing the fate OF Paraguay,
they require guarantees from the Empire, which 1t
Is hardly possible will be granted. The Brazilian
army of occupation Is to remain In Paraguay be-
yond the term OF years specified in the treaty and
becomes practically annexed to the Empire The
two objecting Powers have each seacoasts and sea-
ports but their naval strength is insignificant, while
that Of Brazil is large and well organized. The best
evidence that some arrangement will be reached
TO avert war Is the arrival OF Admiral the Duke OF
SAKE in our midst. The adjoining republics OF
Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela
are inaccessible to attack by sea from Brazil, and,
however much they may be antagOnistic to mo-
narchical imperial institutions TO which they
full policy
DOM PEDRO
This brief view OF the last war OF Brazil, and OF
the present critical relations OF the Empire with