The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-09-10

in the cause OF physical discovery, and 1t Is
the mouthpiece or his masters theories.
1t IL not 20 be taken as in the slightest degree
disparaging to the accuracy Of Livingstones op-
servations, or the bona des OF Mr. Stanley's cOrroD
orative reports, tnat implicit acceptance OF what
both travellers unheMtatingly advance as a solution
with o. ne deoored thas
tain kind OF heat hiss been imported into the cis-
cussons at Brighton leading 70 an UNNECESSARY
in the amenities beftting the occasion. ltsnouiu
have been made clear that no amount OF dOupt as 70
the inferences drawn by the travellers rom wnat
upon the or the good faith OF what they
declare as facts. Together they set out on the CIR
cult Of Lake Sonp ths
the lake has possible connection with the Albert
Nyanza or the Nile. The River Rusizi was con-
clusiyey found to flow into, not out or Tangany1ka,
nor can 1t possibly flow into Bakers Lake. Ru-
binga an intelligent Chief OF Usige Is reported by
Mr.. Stanley to have stated that the river escapes
IRON the Lake Kivo, and he would appear to have
himself traced as many as seventeen or eighteen
OF its anlrents between the two lakes, including
the Luanda or Ruanda. 1t Is much TO be regretted
that the decentralization OF Lake Tangan-
yika was not extended to its southeast shore,
so as to dispose of the question whether II dis
charges itself, as seems most probable, BY the la-
fgt Ruhgi or Ruaha, into the sea near Zanzibar,
another, 4 not the same outlet, may lie through
described by Livingstone From Lyingstone's
last despatch, dated Unyanyembe, February 20,
as to what he had achieved, with his plans for the
future. What he has placed beyond doubt is the
existence OF great mountain range DIVIDING d tine
ward, IDENTICAL probably, with Ptoemy's Noun
taIns Of the Noon. But more important still is the
from a broad upland between ten ana twelve de-
grees south and from four thousand to i've thou
sand feet above the sea- from which rise 1 % a
tual height. This watershed extends over seven
hundred miles from west to east. Count
SOIL spreading out, says Livingstone, to q
birds-eye view; ike the frost vegetation on q
tude he waded thirty-two primary sources Of this
kind. Several OF them are covered with veIitable
living bridges the rich dark glossy,ieaved grass
with its roots and leaves felting itself into mat,
which, when stepped upon, yields twelve or fifteen
inches the water rising to that height up the leg,
anywhere one might .'plump through and finish the
chapter" When the water s shallow the lotus,
or sacred lily sends its roots TO the bottom
and spreads its broad leaves across the nOating
bridge. Uniting into four such streams in the
main these springs form the head waters Of the
ChambeSi, the bed Of which Livingstone followed
from its source till it entered the large lake Bang
weoo, 100 miles wide and 1900 feet above the sea,
which our readers win find set down IN Keith john
stOn's map (1870). Turning thence northward 1t
flows, under the new name OF Luapula, past the
town Of Cazembe-a distinguished chief made
Lake Moero also set down in the said map. Thence
tue great river forces its way to the north through
the Rua Mountains and spreads out into new
lake, called Ulenga or KamalOndo, in the Manyema
been named by Livingstone Webb's Lake River.
u
great bend Of $50 miles, and after further bend
of 100 miles to the north and west, with thirty
miles Of soutning next, draws round to me north,
east, receiving the LOmame or Lock-, joined to
which 1t flows through large lake called 'Lincoln''
by the dtsc0verer Thence the united stream spreads
which ivingstone gives no name, and which he
cSmpeling MS return II 1870 g T! Somewhat to
springs or fountains divide into two great rivers
BY Livingstone Bsrtie Frere's nows into Lake
Kamalondo; That to the northwest Of the mound,
s ;S Sn BY him es TO
streams, with two others. which he believes to
south, are held by him TO be those mentioned by
Her0dOtus az flowing, One-half to the Nile and one
half into inner Ethiopia.
The main lacustrine stream thus tracked for the
rst time for 600 miles is held implicitly BY the great
discovery he announces as the browning glory of his
career Of toll Here it is unhappily impossible for
tween gentlemen sitting at home in easy chairs,
Mr. Stanley e. noty pgts it. ana one who
not Of fact but Of inference Ia to say the least,
as much within the capacity Of those ct home with
the command Of concurrent aids to Judgment and
server on the spot. The simple and obvious laws
ofnature are at all events not TO be gainsaid and
tine %e s.s Of level unless snS s
unimaginabte Juggling, are fatal to Liv-
ingstone's darling hypothesis. i is difficult
pen It without misgfving, on second thought, that
the height Of the lower part Of Central Lualaba,
ika, which he makes out to be 5000 feet, is aboIt
the altitude ascribed to G0ndOk0r0" Some fifteen
degrees OF latitude by his estimate, separating the
Lualaba at this point from GOndOkOr0, both the lat
itude OF which (Over nve degrees nOrth) and the
elevation are fixed by full and concurrent testi-
Keeping dead " level for tn thousand miles
moving S sp" into the he sanr-eieazsi, as has
haan cnnU taA nt nulu 40 tha on1ah
of level in the way, but all evidence concurs In re-
presenting the Bahr-el-Gazal as q shallow, reedy
and deep volume Of water like the Luaaba, in
places over two miles in width. Livingstone con-
iesses himself at times to be haunted by suspicion
that he had hit upon the Congo, which, II we mis-
take not, will be the impression OF geOgraphers In
general for that O stream Of this magnitude can
lose itself In some inland lake or swamp passes the
bounds OF what is probable. 1t may be, OF course,
that LvingstOne's observations Of level, as well as
of geographical distribution, were Incorrect What
Instruments he had with him appear to have been
imperfect at the BEST besides having been long in
use. The boiling water test, at no time scenth-
in the tropics. where the pole-star,, too.
can be scarcely, II at ALL available Tor
Se wors S ss nas
timepieces having long been useless longitude
must for some time past have become a mere matter
OF dead reckoning; and with what strlctness he had
kept count Of time may be tested by the fact OF his
allowing himself TO have been three weeks out in
his reckoning when fopnd by Mr.: stanley. Re-
as he himself writes with stores, he reports 1t as
his future plan OF action to go southwest from
Unyanyemhe to Fpa, near the southeastern end OF
Tanganyika from thence round to Pambette so as
to cross the Chambes and coast the southern
shores OF Lake BahweOlO latitude twelve degrees
south), and thence due west to the ancient loun-
ta!ns OF Ier0dotus and Ptolemy. Thence 1t Is no
more than ten days north to Katafga, the copper
mines OF which have been worked for ages,
the malachite being practically inexhausti-
bic. Ten days northeast from Katahga
are said to be the wondrous natural rock excava-
lions ascrbed by the natives 10 the Deity In these
where water il said to be laid on IN running
streams, the inhabitants OF large districts take
refuge in case OF Invasion. We shall look with in
rerest for the account OF these remarkable natural
features. But the most absorbing curiosity must
be felt for the solution Of the central problem Of ALL
by Livingstone's striking once moro the southern
shore Of Lake Lincoln; going down from 1t to the
Iomame, on into Webbs Lualaba and pursuing the
main river till 1t yields up the secret Of Its unknown
issue. This issue he hopes and believes to be the
Nile In this belief and hope there can be few to
ioip him. Still, the result, whatever Il be. cannot