The Portland daily press., 1872-12-03

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| the public treasure can be better expended In
the interest of the whole people than in trying
to recover this trade. An expenditure OF $5,-
100000 per annum for the next five years, II II
would restore to us our proportion of the carry
ing trade of the world, would be profitably ex-
pended. The price Of labor in Europe has so
much enhanced within the last few years, that
the cost of building and operating ocean steam
ers in the United States is not SO much greater
than in Europe. believe the time has arrived
for Congress take the subject into serious con-
sideratien.
DEPARTMENT OF JUsTICE-THE KU-KLUX ACT
Detailed statements of the disbursements
through the Department of Justice will be fur-
nished by the report of the Attorney General
and though these have been somewhat increas-
ed by the recent acts of Congress to enforce the
rights of citizens of the United States to vote
in the several States of the Union, and to en-
force the provisions of the 14th amendment to
theiConstitution of the United States, and
amendments thereto, 1 cannot question
the necessity of, and the salItary
and lawless men, regret to say, have assocla-
ted themselves together in some localities to
deprive other citizens of the rights guaranteed
to them by the Constitution of the United
States, and to that end have committed deeds
of blood and violence, and the prosecution and
punishment of many of these persons have
tended greatly to the repression of such dlsor-
ders. l do not doubt that great majority OF
Gne people III all partS OF Tile country IdNOr tuc
full enjoyment by all classes of persons of these
rights to which they are entitled under the con-
stitutiOn and laws; and Invoke the aid and in
f1uence of all good people to prevent organiza-
tions whose objects are by unlawful means, to
interfere with those rights and look with conf
dence to the time not far distant when the va
rious advantages of good order and peace will
induce an abandonment of all combinations
prohibited by acts referred to, and when it will
be unnecessary to carry on prosecutions OF in
hict punishmentS to protect citizens from the
lawless doings,of such combinations.
Applications have been made to me to par
don persons convicted of violation of said acts
upon the ground that clemency in such cases
would tend to tranquilize the public mind, and
to test the virtue of the policy, am disposed,
as far as my sense of justice will permit, to
give to these applications favorable consdera-
ton; but action thereon is not to construed as
indicating any change in my determination to
enforce with vi9or such acts as long as the con-
spiracies and combinations therein named dis
turb the peace of the country. 1t is much to
be regretted and is regretted by no one more
than myself, that necessity has ever existed to
execute the enforcement act No one can de-
sire more than that the necessity of applying
it may never again be demended.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
The Secretary of the Interior reports salts
factory improvement and progress in each of
the several bureaus under the control of the Iu-
terror Department They are all in excellent
condition. The work which in some of them
for some years has been brought down to a re-
cent date and in all the current business has
been promptly dispatched.
INDIAN MATTERS
The policy, which was adopted at the begin
ming of this administration with regard to the
management of the Indians has been as sue
cessful as its most ardent friends anticipated
within so short time 1t has reduced the ex-
pense OF their management, decreased their for
ages upon the white settlements, tended to give
the largest opportunity to the extension to the
great railways through the public do main and
the pushing of settlements in the more re-
mote districts OF the country, and, at the same
time improved the condition of the Indians.
The policy will be maintained without any
change excepting such as further experience
may show to be necessary to render it more eff
fcient.
The subject of converting the so-called Indian
Territory south of Kansas into a home for
Indians and erecting therein a territorial form
OF government, is one of great inheritance. AS
complement to the existing Indian policy the
question of removal 10 the territory has, within
the past year, been presented to many of tribes
aesldent upon other and less desirable portions
of the public domain and has generally been re-
| ceived by them with favor as preliminary
step to the organization of such territory 1t
will be necessary to confine the Indians now
resident therein to farms of proper size which
should be secured to them in fee; the residue to
suCn uScu LUZ Tue sttlleIueub OIL OI0er 1rlenQlV
Indians. Efforts will be made the in immediate
future to induce the removal of as many peacea-
bly, disposed Indians only to the Indian territory
as can be settled properly without disturbing the
harmony OF those already there There is no
| location now available where people who are
endeavoring to acquire knowledge of pastoral
| and agricultural pursuits, can be as well ac-
! commodated as as upon the unoccupied lands
in the Indian territory. A territorial govern
ment should, however, protect the Indians from
the lnroads OF whites for a term of years until
they become sufficiently advanced in arts and
| civilizations to guard their own rights and from
the disposal Of lands held by them for the same
| period.
THE PUBLIC LANDS.
| During the last fiscal year there were dispos-
ed of out of the public lands Ii ,S64 975 acres,
| quantity greater by 109927 acres than was dis
posed OF the previous year. Of the amount / :
81, 800 acres were sold for cash. 3S9, 46O acres
were located with military warrants; 4,671 3332
acres take for bomesteads 693,6l3 acres loesat-
ed with college scrip; 3,5548 1897 acres granted to
railroads. 465, 347 acres granted to wagon roads
| ia, 255 acres given to States az swamplands
$3.50 acres located by Indian scrip. The cash
| receipts from all sources In the Land Office
amounted to IS, 21S 100. During the same pc
Rod 22016,60S acres of the public lands were
surveyed, which added to the quantity before
surveyed amounts to 583 1864, $50 acres. leaving
1,257, 633,62S acres of public lands still unsur.
veyed. The reports from the subordinates OF
:l'o uaiu oiuoe cohoalh interesting iuIorm2uon
M frosa,u W eleir IesPcct!Ve dlstrlcIs. lhey
99nliolh,iy hentiol the Iruittuiness Oh the SOIL
uelim is sae pass season ana the increase yieid
Vi ai Mus VI piou'.ce' Even 10 tnose state,
and territories where mining is the principal
business, agricultural products have exceeded
sno iooai ueniSnu anu !iperal shipments nave
been made to distant points.
| PATENT OFFICE.
During the year ending Sept. 80, 1872, there
were issued from the Patent Office 1896 pa
tents, 233 extensions and 556 certificates of
registry OF trademarks. During same time
| 1858 applications for patents, including re-
issues and designs, have been received, and
300 caveats filed. The fees received during
the same period amounted to $3.50, 954. SO, and
the total expenditures to 1928, 1890, making
the net receipts over lhe expenditures $77 400.
96. Since 1868, 100000 applications have been
s, anu apout l3o,Qoo patents issued. The of
N.Y. Is oeliig cohuucseu uhder the same laws
anu anu sensia, organlAation az Were ADOPTED at
e ono ollsilal uratoI when only from LOO tc
oolllLnissioller SHOWS that the offlce mas ont
slo .a t me 6plglnal plan aud that new organ
na.ou nas oeoonle NECESSARY Inns SUBJECT was
plesen'f El W congress III special communlca
tIn IN + epraacy IasS, WIN my approval aud
SJ n ai VI 'Ie 'eoletary OF tne INFERIOR
anu sile suggestions contained IN SAD commu-
nicatsn were embraced IN the OIL! that was re-
portea 70 tnS house ~ the Nommittee on Ia
Oenls az sne l~st session' Inc sunJect or the
reorganization OF the fatent Oince as c0ntem,
plated py the Dill referred to IS one OF such in
Try sna' commend IL TO the attention OF Con-
greSs. .st6e
-. Ihe commissioner also treats the subject of
the separation OF the Patent Office from the