, 1872-10-17

themselves from work at other times, without i
permission from their employers: II they |
wages above Stated; but they waste their time |
and money in idleness and drink. The increase OF
drunkenness in Lancashire il 80 to 40 per cenS /
above what it was q few years ago. 10 Illus !
trate: At t-ths recent 'waEea at Aaheon (32, uoo
iuhabitanta), there was receiyed ct one OF the
three railway stations about $500, during tue
three days, in excess Of the rece'pts in former
years. This WAS for e1cureion tickets to fne
a-ade and other places, taken c5iehy py Toih,
ing people. The average expenditure per head
for excursion, refreshments, ard drink. amounts
to about 1Os. and the LOGS Of time per day would
be S. more. These excursions, or outs are
frequently taken. The machinists at Aieperts 99
cannot consume their eurplus in beer and ord'-
nary liquors, and have begun to drink cham
nagne on Saturday nights and Sundays, ard hire
cabs, or hacks, to take them from pubIis-
done, on Saturday night, that . cab can scarcely
be obtained by an outsider. These mach1n1sts NJ
work by the piece, and earn from G2 to 10 per
week. Eight thousand persons arc employed NJ
lbs works. Iron-worker5 make heavy wages:
Puddlers get .E3 per week; roller men from 20
to f1D. Some get more than this:
&C About hatters and others ?:
MIL don't know about that branch Of busl-
ness, but know that employers complain , 81
scarcity and Indifference OF hands, and the men
have always plenty Of money to spend IN orlnh. R.
The following ia o true etory, and came direet
from the party: collier met his employer, at
the ssssa st Enoo fsT Tesan and i aslaa m
would have bottle Of wine: On the ,master,
decliuing. the collier said, 'Ah! theawrt one o
thoose proud chaps The employer, being M
willing be considered proud and d Nseag aeaaggte ID
sne hotel. ,oh1la'''D; and tho collier called
and paid for bottle Of champagne, which cost
los @ At the very colie Ther9 es9 ahnnd 1nH @ta ba
1.500 tons per day and at that time it was only
500 tons per day, owing to the golfers being 80
veil paid that they would only work few days
week. They do not now work above nal1-'lnle'
nor with tia same energy as formerly.
CAUSES OF TIE H1dH WAGES
C.-"What are the causes Of this great PROS
NJ" In one direction, it is owing to con
| slant increase OF demand for coal and non,
and determination; IN the xo:tp;st mfs' tbS bS
;outturn,' and sokeep up wages. Cotton-manu-
| facture is at present unremuneratlve, OWING 10
! the high price of cotton, and the scarcity Of
labor from the causes before mentioned. :1' Mas-
| ters.' or manufacturers, find themselves SSitA q
I vast amount Of mills and machinery on hand,
! which they cannot keep fully at work 1t Is
regularity Of this trade that, owing to the very
expensive mills and machinery, owners, or
| loss,-say :e1O0 per year for every thousana
spindles This compels them to Iun theI mlils
| 1t . loss in preference to stopping entirely"
OPERATIVES NOT CONTENT.
C,-"I suppose the operatives are content
with the Advantages they now enjoy9"
reduction Of tho hours Of labor, and are deter
mined to use their newly acquired POLITICAL pow
er by the extension Of the franchise, Is 1af a
Observation-Disclosures. to accompllan tnen oo3ect,
| Witch is Limitation OF labor to 81 hours pei
week, or an average Of nine hours PEI, day,
| Millg now close ut noon on Saturdays, and worl
about 1019 hours on other days..
C.-:;How long has this great prosperity ant
independence Of the working classes con
| tinued ?'' w.,
M-sFor three or four years; and, for "a!
last twelve or eighteen months, they have had
their own way, and have succeeded IN every de
and made f9e gher Of shorfgr he1
AFFECT to be anxious to know how their masters o
employers vote, eince the Ballot law; and on
. OF them said-though jocu1arly-that If h'= mas
| ter, or smester,' didna vote right, he "oulao
work for him." $1,000.
: C.-"Do you consider, frog: general appear
ances. that operatives engaged il ali branene
= Of business are in prosperous condition
. M.-"They never vera 60 psospero;us PEI ~ ,on+;,r
\ C.-"What is the prospect OF It's centlat
. M.-"The1e are Indications that the workin
a classes have pushed their advantages too IA
and that the capitalists will cease to extend tne
: natural increase OF the population, WI
y Increase the supply of labor; but, at pressn
! there is no eucouragement for the capitals
= he has all the trouble and annoyance OF scare
n and uncertain labor for nothing.
TRADEs-US1oss.
G.-"How do they accomplish their ob5e'
l. | aud keep up wages?"
M-HEach class forme Trades unloo. u
l. pointe committees, aud makes leyies to carry Q
o strikes. aud to support those out OF Work, "h
Y arc willing to submit to temporary dlsadVat
i taees for fighter labor and more wages 10 tt
., | future They live from hand to mouth, seloo
y lay up anything buy any real estate, an
IT waste their time and money IN aeinKtnl
l. They have delegates to their Laoor-League
J, ! and they suspend work on their instruction
It totally regardless Of the interests OF tEer en-
10 ployers. Clerks, teamsters, -portors etc
Il have their Unions also."
C-"You Say they accumulate neither MON
nor property; bow, then, are they Supports
z, when the works stop, or run very short time +
M" Many fal! back on the poor-rases; an
% whenever trade is bad, there is correapondi,
10 increase in this class Of taxes, which are pala
i: property or real~estate owners, including, 9
1e course, the employers"
30 C,-asHow is it on the Continent OF Europe
J. M-ssThe increase OF wages there has bee
v very great. They have strikes and comolnatlos
+, there as well as here" .....--,-....
Is Tha foregoing statements we're coIrooofate
J., by other parties III different walks OF life The
10 is no mistake about it, The laborers OF Euro
ID are far from being the :paupers they
u represented in America. n->, !.
k, The inference in favor Of Free Trade is t.
" obvious to require comment. It Is gratifying
y know that the American workman genera
er saves his surplus earnings, instead OF eqnande
I'd ing them as those bold Brtons do. ". Il. b.
r r. ARECENT ADMINISTRATION VICTOR