Vermont farmer. [volume] (Newport, Orleans County, Vt.) 1870-1877, 1872-09-20
CALIFORNIA DAlRYINa.

This interest is largely concentrated in
Marin County. lyir Z north OF Bolinas Bay.
and on the Pacific ocean northwest from San
Francisco. A portion of the country is quite
heavily timbered, and some of it very noun
tainous. 1t is well supplied with good wa
ter, and the pasturage is excellent from the
native grasses the year round, the COWS sell
dom being fed with anything else. Root
crops are grown TO a small extent in some
portions, for feed, but the expense OF grow
ing and feeding is not generally thought to
pay.
The largest operations in this line are car
ried on by Messrs Shafter & Howard, who
own together about seventy thousand acres
of land in a body This is divided into small
ranches of n thousand or two acres, and
fenced. On these are the necessary build
ings and fixtures of the dairy. These ranch
es are stocked with from $50 to 200 cows.
and are rented to tenants Mt fixed price per
head for the cows, cash rent. The price per
COW has been from fifteen to thirty dollars,
the latter being the present rate. The ten
ants are required to raise certain fixed
number of calves for the proprietors, to keep
the herd good; all over that goes to the ten
ant, SO 1t is for his interest to secure the best
result he can, both in dairy products and in
crease of stock. There are now on this
tract 1000 mich cows thus distributed,
bringing in an immense revenue to the own
Lrs.
The stock of cattle were originally the
small black Mexican or Texas cows, which
-. -. .,,,,.oI nm NTH Ena nurham Stock
from the east until but few traces OF the
original stock are dscernable. Dovons have
been tried TO some extent, but for mixers
are little thought of.
These dairies are devoted exclusively to
butter production, the product being partial
,ly controlled by the proprietors, and when
prizes are not satisfactory it is packed away
in rolls, leach one being wrapped ir cloth')
slowed in barrels lined with cloth, and COW
cred with brine. In this way It is kept per-
fectly good until wanted for market. The
experiment of cheese making was tried one
year on this tract on the factory system, but
was abandoned and the apparatus moved
down the coast to Santa Cruz, where cheese
is made to a considerable extent. On the
tract mentioned the butermilk is fed out tc
hogs to good advantage, they being turned of
Mt about year old Surrounding this large
tract are numerous small or individual dai
r!es, all devoted to butter production. Tho
communication between the city and this re
glen is kept up by steamers and sail vessels
The district supplying San Francisco will
milk lies through the Santa Clara valley oil
the line of the Southern Pacific Railroad be
tween the city and San Jose. Below tina
point considerable attention is being gwen Il
the manufacture of cheese. We examines
many specimens of the manufacture in tn
commission houses Of San Francisco bu
found the product for some reason quite IN
fcrior to the product of our Illinois and WIS
.consin factories. The prices obtained nov
range from ten TO thirteen cents per pound
about the same rs is obtained for such East
.ern cheese rs is brought in.
There is about one-half enough made i
the State TO supply the market. OF butte
the quantity made is about equal 10 the dc
mand, although considerable Eastern butte
is still imported, and usually finds n read
market In the interior mining towns. Th
experiment has been made OF shipping bu