The New York herald., 1872-02-16

part OF more than one EnTllShman WIN bno
North. they forge them into an engine TO catch the
nation and It's government In vague charge. But
all this Is only preliminary matter. on which the
feeling perhaps, the diffcuity OF q complete ana
decisive defence Proceeding TO the question OF the
right which England had 70 recognize the C0nfed-
crates IA Deliigerents, the American case admits
that this right Is incontesaole although the federal
government has not always neld that tone. It Sees
however proof OF hostility In the circumstances
under which and the manner In which England ex-
ercised the rgnL rne British contention, IN reply.
Is that the queens proclamation or neutrality was
published al the instance 0l the partisans OF the
North, and in the interest OF The North, and tnat
tue proclamation was determined by the news
or President llncons proclamation OF q block
ade ana enrolment oI militia two facts which.
Cours constituted formal declaration OF war;
The British government could not then, 1t Is an.
Issuing ITS immediate instrScsioas 10 It's agents IN
every port ana warning It's subjects OF tine risks 10
which the war must expose them. Then, having
decided on observing a strict neutrality, England
was compelled to grant the southern prlvateers the
same treatment as those OF the North.
The United States case further makes it o charge
against Great Britain that she came to an agreement
with France as TO the mode IN winch the laws OF
neutrality were 10 be carried ont, and Inc case nnds
In this concert between the two Powers new marx
OF hostile sentiments ON the part or England. The
answer made to this argument Is that 1t was abso-
lutely necessary from the moment the war broke
out to bring about q common understanding OF al
the neutral Powers ana tnat the readlesl means for
dong this was preliminary agreement between
France and England, whose example and influence
were likely TO draw along In the same course OF
can be properly drawn from this line OF conduct Is.
In act that the Brush cabinet was not better dis
posed 70 aid the North tnan the South, and IL is
really TINS which Is the burden OF the animated re-
proacnes which come from Washington.
Alter these preliminary recrimnations the Amen.
can case approaches the foundation oil the discus
slOn-thas Is 10 say, the manner In winch England
has understood and practsed the duties OF neutras.
Ins part OF the document which We analyze COM
mences by euloetzing the Impartiatty OF whicn
the United states have never iaied to give
proof IN the character OF neutrais IN Ior-
Every can. uOuOt. Write
history In This fasnion but they forget ut washing
mlnas ihem tnas in the war between Brazil and
Portugal out OF nearly thirty prlvateer5 armet In
were stopped and seized by the orders OF the gov.
ernment; the rest continued freely the course OF
the reproacnes. more or less We.founded when
they address To her, England replies, not without
some appearance OF redsOn that quie recently, III q
time or complete peace, the federal authorities nave
aitoAed bands OF bandittl 10 organize themselves
In military fashion upon the territory OF the United
STATES TO invade anu piage Canada, and then re-
turn and take refuge with impunty IN the places
wnere Iney concerted this culpab.e enterprise
to appease any more than to clear up the discus.
sion. The auit OF One does not exclude that Of the
opened the way to the lncursions Of the Fenians
they are not more excusaole IN Lo1dOn Tor having
favored or for not having prevented the departure
OF the Alabama, which had been denounced as q
Confederate cruiser 1t Will be proper, therefore,
Tor tne commissioners Ut Geneva, instead Of stop
ping at these superficial disputes, 10 confine them
selves to examining positive completely, and at TINS
point again They viii fui they have TO deal with
grave contradictions aud dlllicultleS The Cabinet
OF Washington assumes 10 extend Its charges to all
the Con! !ederate vessels winch nave inflicted losses
upon 1ederal commerce, whatever was tnell
avowed destination, the place or the MODE OF theii
armament, or The TRANSFORMATIONS which they
underwent during the course OF the voyage. Inc
Sumter, for example. never entered aa English
port except to Law in store OF coal, up to the time
wnen she finally entered Gibraltar, ald Chere inme-
diaely forfeited her character as q sn1pOf- war.
Ine sumter was equipped. armed ana despatched
from New Orleans. Inc cases OF Otner cruisers,
the Nashville, the ketribuilOn, the Talla-
hassee and the Cnlckamauga, We're analogous.
Upon TINS point, therefore, England repes the eX-
cessive claims OF her adversarles, and the times
wnlcn III this discussion displays pralSeworthy
importantly, thinks tnat the claims shoIld oe
fined TO the four following Ships:-lhc Alabama
the Florida the Georgia and the Shenandoah, IN re-
spect or which the BRITISH authorities have not, per-
hapS, Iul lied the duties oil STRICT neutrality.
The American pretenslOns appear to US 70 exceed
that whcn justice requires anu the law OF nations
nlfy American commerce, not only Tor the actual
losses which the incrimlnated cruisers have caused
It. but also for those which either the increased rate
OF insurance or the TRANSFER oil American ships to
IOregn holders, or the expenses necessltated by
the pursuit OF the cruisers, nave Occasloned, aud
then to calm the repayment OF the expenses OF o
year and half OF war under the preext that England
mas rendered herself responsible by her conduct Or
the pro0ngation or host lties-these seem TO be de-
mands to which the Commission OF Aroitratlon Will
not give the Sanction OF It's authority But doubt
less the Cabinet OF Washington only put lis claims
so hIgn In order to obtain thesc0mpensatlon which
Is Justly due. IL might, without pushing matters to
extremity, have relied simply upon the justice Of the
International commission.