davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
Deep Water at Hell Gate.


The succcss Of grea. engineering work is
always an occasion of congntulation, but
when It solves n problem that has dcied pre-
yinus attempts and is itself apioneer In new
method, il deserves something moro than
passing comment Such is the work now
happily past the stage of doubtful experiment,
at lIallctt's Point, which Is destined to re-
move the ohstmctions at Hell Gate aud open
a new channel e. the ocean commerce OF New
York The need Of clearing out these OBJ
structions has been the parent Of many abor.
tive undertakings, and he would be an old
citizen who could recollect the time when
there was no plan on foot or work under way
having this object In view; but successive
failures had gradually impressed upon most
New Yorkers the conviction which almost
took proverhial flrm that this thing would
not be done In our day. Among the more re-
cent aud costly Of these failures was the me
thol Of NJ Mailelert, which was more annoy
ing because II dclusively offered at first some
apparent success. IL consisted in exploding
large riasscs of gunpowdsr on the bed Of the
Sound, and Its FIRST eject was to reduce to q
level some OF the more prominent rocks. But
when this was accomplished the great work
Of deepening the channel was not really be-
gun and the expenditure If more money and
the production OF more extensive explosions
added nothing t) the average depth OF water.
It was at this stage in the affairs that Gen.
John Newton undertook the work. His me-
,hod differed from those of his predecessors
not So much in degree as in kind, aud was at
first met with many representations OF mis-
fortune. For while, indeed, success may
have seemed doubtful. 1t was bold plan at
the outset. to attempt TO undermine the en-
tirn riVar h.J h1s .fprtIup n sprips nf tunnp IL
from the shore, and by enlarging these till
only pillars supported the roof OF q vast sub
marine cavern, so as 10 prepare receptacle
for the roof itself to fan into at the final ex-
ploson. There were difficulties peculiar TO
this locality. The structure OF the rock which
forms the bel Of the Sound offers very diff
terent problem from that which Brunei en-
countered in constructing Tie Thames Tunnel
but the terrible disaster which for while i'll
terrupted that great work seemed to be among
the possibilities Of Gen, Newtons undertake
lag for when by blasting out with nitro-giy =
corine the rock drilled by means OF compress
ed air the workmen had fairly advanced their
tunnels under the bed Of the river, there was
danger that the perpendicular qualification
Of the rocks would render it almost impossi-
bic to prevent the dangerous percolation of
water through the roof The problem which
Gen. Newton thus confronted was really more
exactLg, rs well as more howell in its condi-
tions, than any hitherto undertaken in the
history of such submarine work. Tunneling
the Alps is a straightforward and simple
business compared with undermining He'll
Gate
But Gen. Newton has been as prudent as
bold, and his work has now reached poi-t
where its ultimate success is assured. Even
,rlf f,l, chOnll shattnr tba roof
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
Sbelling Turtles.

The tortoise shell of commerce Is
merely the scales that cover the bony
shield of the turtle. These scales are
thirteen in number, varying from an
eighth to a quarter of an inch i'll thick
ness. A large turtle will furnish about
eight pounds.
To detach this shell from the living
animal, says one who has seen the oper-
alton, is cruel process which it made
nv flesh creep to witness. The fishers
do not kill The turtles; did they do so
they wonld in few years exterminate
them. When the turtle is caught, they
fasten him, and cover his back with dry
leaves or grass to which they t fire.
The heat causes the plates to separate at
their ioints. large knife is then care
fully inserted horizontally beneath them
and the Ter lipn lifted from the back. care
being taken not to injure the shell by
too much heat, nor to force it of, until
the heat has fully prepared 1T for separ.
alton. Many turtles die under this cruel
operation. but instances are numerous
in which they have been caught second
time with the outer coating reproduced;
but in such cases instead of thirteen
pieces it is single piece. never conld
bring mysels to witness this cruelty more
than once and was glad that the process
of scaling was carried on out OF sight OF
tue hut. Had the poor turtles the pow
or of shrieking, they would have made
that barren island very hell with their
cres Of torture.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
GentIemen's Wedding Costumes.

With the approaching number Of we'd
lings in fashionable society, peculiar to
this season Of the year, there IS the usual
desire to know the proper dress suitable
70 the occasion. Most OF the ceremonies
now take place in the morning. or rather,
TO be exactly correct us to time. IN the
forenoon, being rs near the Engllsh
custom, where the Episcopalian cere-
mony can only be performed, according
to ecclesiastical law, before II o'clock
noon, as the demands and convenience
of fashion will allow. A gentleman
should wear a royal blue supertine cloth
English frock coat of medium length OF
waist and proportionate length OF skirt,
silk breast facing TO the button holes
and the edges fiat bruided, five button
holes worked in the lappels, to be worn
buttoned, ard the upper one used for
dowcr double breasted white cloth
waistcoat, showing three qua RS OF an
inch above the turnover OF the coat,
and light -colored dressed doeskin trou-
ss.s--lavsnder or silver gray being the
most correct The gloves and scarf
should be OF the same shade as the trou.
,sers, the latter OF plain satin and a
" Stanley or tied knot. When the
ceremony takes place in the evening.
now quite the exception, full dress
should be worn. The rolling collar
dress coat has not found rs much favor
as was anticipated in the earlier part of
the season, aud the older style Of frock
lappel is still preferred. The groom
should be distinguished by ,ohite dress
waistcoat neatly embroidered on the
collar and fore part. Dress trousers
are made of a medium weight black
doeskiu, the same shade as the coat,
While tie and gloves should be worn
with full dress on the occasion. The
travelling costume should be n suit OF
ditto. Coat a single or double breasted
morning cont, with pockets under flaps
on the hips, and double breasted waist
coat. A neat, dark mixture, or small,
quiet, checked suiting. is the most ap-
propriate.-N Y. Mail
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

CULTIVATION OF PINES. - The pine
forests cultivated on the southwestern
seaboard of France cover an area of / :
235,572 acres,or 1880 square miles These
forests are intersected with valleys, water
courses and roads, and do not suffer much
from fires. Statistics kept for three hun
dred years show that the most serious
connagration occurred in March, 1890,
when 74l3 acres were burned over. The
soil on which the pine is cultivated is
formed of seasand, and during the first
three years no attention Is paid to the
pine seedlings. In the fourth year the
weeds and unpremising young trees are
cleared out, end in the fifth year the use
less shoots are trimmed off to assist the
growth of the trees When fifteen years
old the trees are cut down, to be used for
poles, 80 that only the trees intended for
tapping are left standing. From one
hundred to one undred and twenty trees
per acre are kept, and at the age of TWEEN
ty-fve the ope .ation of tapping com
mencts Between the ages of twenty
five aud forty years the weakest trees are
cut down, leaving about forty to sixty
trees to the acre. These continue to be
tapped sntil they die. The French mari
time pine lives to the age of about two
hundred years.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

chsice. He has an inalienable right
yea, a. constitutional rigut-to "life,
liberty, and the pursuit Of happiness =
Words mean something, and the choice
of an occupation embraces all these.
How can you force boy into work
shop to learn trade when he has no
aptness whatever for it, except that he
has been seen to make boats, or kites,
things that child naturally amuses him
,elf hy? You cannot; you have no right,
Consider the matter somewhat. If lie is
tractablc. ailrcionate anl docile boy,
so much the worse; you use his natural
Election as a vehicle to work your will
with him, not seeing that in after lie
he will become listless, moody. ineili-
cient laborer in the vineyard, because
you have trained him TO stake, or
spread him on the wall, ipstead Of allow.
ing him TO grow free and unfettered as
he should. Consider this matter in
some other light than your own inclina-
tions. He will doubtless live man. years
after you are gone. How shall he best
perpetuate your name and family? By
following his own natural inclinations,
or BY tying to force his nature to run
on track too wide or too narrow guage
for him? Think oyerit. -'ScientQc Ameri-
cfy1
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.
jon PRINTING
Item, OF Interest,

The official majority for Grant .
Kansas is 33,7ii.
a calf lately butted boy to death II
Highland, Mich.
Horse doctors are beginning to wear
diamond shirt studs.
Since the llth Of May there have been
926 deaths from smallpox in st. Louis.
A Manchester paper advocates the FREQ
use of alcohol as euro Tor snake bites.
The Shenandoah Valley raised nearly
three millions of Bushels Of wheat last
year.
There has seen n suicide or attempted
suicide in San Francisco every day tor
week
Agassiz has figured up, and he says
that Lake Erie will dry up in about 49,
500 years.
Schooboys in Michigan have to be
searched and their revolyers extracted
from their boots. a
A woman in Quincy. Ill has got one
thousand dollars for the repair OF her in
jured affections
OF the 32 graves owned by Newton,
Kansas, 81 are occupied by persons kill
ed by crime or sccident,
Another boat Of the i'll fated steamship
! Missouri has arrived safely at Nassau, with
the first assistant engineer and four Others
on board. -
The contributions for the relief OF the
sufferers by the fire, received blythe
Treasurer OF the fund in Boston, amount
to Sl40 005 90.
Three ladies' whom no one has ever
met: A lady who used powder, LADY
who hlrted, and a lady who was going out
much this winter"
The experiment of opening the Cooper
Institute, N. Y, readIng-room on Sun.
day has proved oomplete success
Quiet, study and literary enjoyment are
encouraged.
A Troy paper counscls its readers very
wisely ncvsr to say ANYTHING against
political opponent, "tor," says the paper,
"you don't know how soon he may be
Jour candidate for, Presi4cnt."
A squslid woaan, living in one of the
wretched novels in an English mining
district, answered some inquiries of
IltWsptIl't COiitNpo'bi'tip "h'' va" ~
mark, Ii we be treated like beastesses,
then we az as beastesses
A mysterious old lady OF the name OF
Brown, who loug resided in fashion-
able part of London, died not long since,
,utestatc, without heirs and consequent
" tie million and half OF dollars sho
left behind her, passes to the Grown.
A merchant in a Connecticut village
recently kissed the hired girl willis his
wife was looking at him through the
window. at is thought he'll be out
again about Thanksgiving" Is the COM
mcnt made hy tue local paper that re-
ported tie case.
1t is net to be fashionable this season to
offer vona guests wine wnen they call on
New Ycnr's day. 1t this rule can be suc-
ccSsfullv and continually applied It will
abate two great Observation-Disclosures
drunkenness on New Year day, and New
Years calls IN the manner they are now
mlde. Good.
At the suit of Mr.. p. II. Watson, Presi.
dent Of the r, lie Railway MI. Jay Gould
was arrested upon warrant ISSUED by
Judge Fancher, of the Supreme Court Of
New York, upon the charge of having,
while in control CT the EIie Railroad, ap-
propriated to his own use S9,5OO,OOO be-
longing to the Company.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
Faithful to the Last.

In far-otf Nevada a train OF cars was
rushing along at rapid speed, the l0como-
tive beng mouuted by trusty engineer.
Suddenly the train whirled round a curve,
entering n tunnel six hundred and fifty
feet in length. No watchman had given
warning Of danger, but the qmck eye OF
the engineer caught sight of red, roaring
flames and dense smoke aheaa-the other
end OF the tunnel was fiery mass. There
was but flash Of time for thought; no
possibility Of stopping 10 reverse the
engine and whistle down brakes would
brlpg the cars to stand in the midst OF
the raging flames the only hope was to
rush OIL with whiilwind speed. With
quick hand the engineer threw open the
valve lie held fast TO the lever, closed bis
ewes and tried to pray. Through smoke
and fame and falling timber, one instant,
and the terrified passengers beheld the
cool daylight beyond - all saved throush
the daring tact Of this man know n familiar
" as Johnny Bartholomew.
Another faithful engineer was on one OF
the trains which recently col,dcd OF the
Amboy division of the PENNSYLVANIA Rail
road in consequence OF mistake IN
telegraphlc dispatch. Tho story is bret.
The engineer stood by his engine to the
last, and was dangerously injured. The
fireman told him 10 jump of, but he re
fused. As he afterwards said to his iriesds'
:. cou'd not leave my engine | had e
stop her, and did almost do it. thank
God for one thing I can die with clear
conscience, tor it was not my fault"
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
Vote for President.

The Louisville Courier Journal has
completed the following interesting
statistics
President Washington was elected in
1883 and again in 1893 without an imp IS
ing vote. John Adams had only one
majority in 1877. In 1901 Jefferson and
Burr received an equal vote, aud tse
House of Representatives gave the de
.ision in favor of the former. In 1903
Jt fferson received 162 electoral votes
over Charles c. Pinckney's fourteen.
IN 1869 Madison got l22 out of 10
electors, and in 1913 he received l2S to
De Witt Clinton's 50. At the eighth
Presidential election Monroa received
1873 out of 217 electorls, votes, and in
1921 was reelected by 227 to J, In
1924. the election of President devolving
upon the Iou>e OF representatives,
John Quincy Adams was, through the
influence OF Henry Clay, chosen for the
position. in 1923 Andrew Jackson re-
ceived 173 ELECTORAL votes to JoHn
Quincy Adams SO, AID he was reelected
in 1892 by 2l9 votes against 81 scatter ed
between Clay, Floyd, and Writ. In
1886 Martin Van Buren came III by 10
TO 10 divided between Harrison, White,
Webster, and Maugum. In 1910 Har-
rison was elected President over Van
Buren hy vote Of 23t to 60. In lSif,
James X. Polk received 10 TO Henry
Claws lO5 votes. Zachary Taylor, in
ls48. had l63 votes in the electoral col
lege TO Lewis Cass' 127 In 1852,
Franklin Pierce was elected President
nv a vote of 296 to Winfield Scots II
james Buchanan defeated Fremont, in
1856, by 175 to III. II iS0U, ESraham
Lincoln received $50 electoral vote,
Douglas 70, Breckinridge II, and Bell
80 and in 1864. Lincoln was reelected
over George b. Mcclellan byh vo'e OF
912 to Il. And in 1868. Grant defeated
Seymour by vote Of ala to so.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
RATES OF ADVERTISING,
DIsarined.

. Loyol 30 sweo a first
So bitter IN tho end !
i namo the iirrceit foo,
As well ns islsest friend.
What shall do with those
Poor withcrod flowers Of May,
Thy tenderest promirea--
All worthless in dayf
low ant thou swift to slay,
Despite thy chnging clasp,
Thy long caressing look,
Thy subtle, thrilling graspl
Ay, swiItor far to slay
Than thou art strong to save.
Thou renderost but blow
For all | ever gave.
oh, grasping as tho gravel
Go, gol and come no more
But canst thou set my heart
Just where It was before?
Too selfish in thy need
Go. leave me to my tears,
The only gifts of thiue
Th.t shall outlast the years
yet shall outlast the years
One other, cherished thing,
Slight NJ the vsgrant plume
Shed from some passing wing;
The memory ofthy frst
Divine, half-timid kiss,
Col forgive thee all
In weeping over this
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
Tup, WILMINGTON RAILROAD DISASTER.

The WILMINGTON RAILRoAD DlsAsIhh.
This is but another instance otthe In
security of life aud limb on our great
highways. A train was started from
Philadelphia for Wilmington. Del, but
the engine attached to the train becom-
ing disabled it was necessary to halt nj
one of the intervening places and pro-
cure another locomotive. TINS of course
4 ,laved the tran. The second engine,
howev r. fliieI to achieve sufficient
speed Ia make up the lost time. Arrlv-
inc at El ersllc, few miles ffom Will
minctos. the conductor for the first tim,
,pneafs to have been reminded of the
fact that an exnress train from Washing.
ton was then ,,dae and sent fl gman
back to signal it to stop. The precau-
ton came too late On came the express
4 fnl. speed. Eae engineer OF the Latter
saw the swinging, ,la1tern of the hagman
bnt, beng unable to stop the train with
in the distance of the two trains. his en-
cine dashed into the rear cars OF the
standing local train. breaking them up.
and .eles coping them in frightial
manner, Crushing up the unfortunate
passengers in their seats, killing two and
cruising and manning fifteen others.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

REDEMPTION or INITIATED CURRENCY.
By direction of the Secretary OF the
United States Treasury the practice OF
transmitting transfer checks in the re-
demption OF old, defaced, and mutilated
currency in sums Of s. aud upwards S, and
legal tender notes in sums Of $50 and
upwards, forwarded by express to the
Treasurer of the United States, will be
discontinued December l, 1872. There
after returns for such remittances will
be made in all cases by express at the
expense of the Department in new legal
tender notes or fractional currency in
such denominations as the owners may
request. When no request is made re-
turns will be made in currency of the
same kind as that received.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06
A Farmers Wife and son Brutally
Murdered.

One OF the most atrocious aud nppar-
emily unprovoked murders which has
ever taken place in the County of Peter
borough occurred in the township oi
Dummer, Canada.
1t appears that one Payne, farmer,
has had III his employ during the last
six months man named VIM. Brenton,
who, although giving frequena exhibi-
tions OF n morose and vindictive tenn
per, gave the family no reason to sup
pese that he could be guilty of the hor
rid deed now laid to his charge. On
Thursday Payne lett home early in the
morning to assist at thrashing bee at a
neighbor's, leaving Brenton engaged in
the erection Of Il reot-house, together
with his wife, child, and the boy
Doughty, who was on visit at Payne s.
Just after dinner Brenton came to where
Payne was with the thrashing mill, and
told him he wanted him to come home
and settle up with him, as he was going
to leave Payne replied that he could
not 90 then, as they were short handed
to work the mill as it was, and that he
must wait until night. Finding that he
could not get Payne to so then he lett,
and, as it has since turned ont, made
tracks for Peterborough by clicultous
route through the toy nshlp of Douro.
Fortunately for Payne the thrashing
mill broke down not long after Brenton
left. and as it was necessary to go to
Warsaw to get it repaired, the men en-
gagged departed for their homes In 60
inr home PAYNE was accompanied TO-
wards his home by two neighbors, also
going home from the bee. They separ
atea lust short distance from the house,
and were not ont OF sight OF each othtF
when they we've attracted by the shouts
of PAYNE, who had discovered his wlse
living murdered few feet from his own
door.
The alarm was at once given, and a
crowd was speedily gathered. Both the
doors of the house were shut, with the
little chlld and dog inside, and on II
search being made for the body OF the
boy it was found inside the root-house
with his throat cut from ear to s"r,
while the handle of the pick-axe, which
Brentoa had in use at the root-house,
was found near the boy. The iron part
of il was found beside Mrs. Payne,
covered with blood. The woman MUIR
dered was about thirty, and the young
lad about twelve. The unfortunate wo-
man was encSinte. A jury was lmmedi-
ately empanelled, and, after the examlna-
ton of some thirty witnesses, unani-
nous verdict to the following effect was
rendered -" That the deceased, Jane
Payne, came to her death by blows upon
the head with a pick-axe, and by having
her throat cut across, and that the lnry
are unanimous in the opinion that Wit
liam Brenton committed the murder.
The murderer is now lodged in the
Peterborough Jail.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

An observant editor out In Washtenaw
county, Mich, is constrained to make this
observation: tit is disgusting to see young
girls parsdins the streets Of q modeN and
unassuming little country villsgs like Ts-
cumssh or Manchester with tucksduP-
behind Observation-Disclosures larger
than they are"
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

Corroy.-The area in cotton, as cal
cuated from tho returns of the U. 5.
Agricultural Bureau of 1872. Is as fol-
lows: In North Carolina, 450,629
Sonth Carolina, 570,652 Georgia, L.
81, 1891 Florida, 15S,O99: Alabama,
1,3S5.972 Mississippi, 1,537 6lS; Arkan-
sas. COZ. 5l2; Louisiana, $40, 2l8 Texas,
914,279; Tennessee, 5l8,6J5. In calcn
lating the indicated product the average
bale is estimated at AGO pounds.
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

AUuEMMA.-A woman recently died
in Solo ~ ,il5 age of 84. She was
determined woman, and would never
allow doctor to visit her. AT the IN.
quest a meucal gentleman said lie had
known her for years, and she had always
remarked, that the reason why she lived
so long was that she never had doctor.
1t would be not only difficult, but iniu-
dicious for the doctors to prove the
cnntrary
National opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1865-1874, 1872-12-06

SroKEs To RE TRIED NEXT TERN. In
the case of Stokes, who shot Fisk, coun-
sci appeared before Judge Brady IN the
Court of Oyer and Terminer, asking 10
have . day set for stokss' trial. Assis-
tant District Attorney Sullivan said that
The prosecution would be ready 70 pre-
ceea early next month, and the ease was
Sc. down for Tuesday, the second day
of ths December term.