The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1872-07-26
demonstrated to be the general Upper Nilotic val

the explorations OF Equatorial Africa, OF which
DAVID Livingstone may truly say,
Quorum maxima pars fu,
we are now in position to capture and command
A UNIQUE VIEW
OF all Eastern Africa and its photographic and oro-
graphic systems.
We have already said that 1t was reserved to the
genius OF Livingstone TO combine all the researches
anil results o. his fellow expiores into harmon!-
whole W $50, he prepared for his present vast
undertaking and proceeded 10 Zanzibar. Thence,
on the 18th OF March, 1861 he crossed to the main
land OF Africa and commenced the march along
the valley OF the Hovuma River Plungng into |
the wilderness nr the African interior, h. was lost
sight OF tin found at Ujit by Stanley. During this
long agony OF suspense to the civilized world Iv-
ingstone has conclrsvely settled or discov-
cred one grca and MlimpOrant feature OF
the Nilotic has.n From about the eleventh
degree or south latiIuds aud between the thirtath
aud thirty-e.ghth meridans OF east longitude ne
found the bea waters OF u noble rvcf, the ChaIn
bezi, cntircy distinct from the Zanbes long known
to geographers through his earlier labors; ana lie
has traced rms river Chambcz through its countless
meanderings and Its lacustrine reservoirs, 700
miles westward, around the southern side OF
Lake TangaDyika and thence northward and west
ward to point within 1870 miles of It's probable con-
necton with the Albert Nyanza lake. The reader
win easily trace the Chambe2i on the map, through
Lake Hangweoo ana thence northward and north
westward and the dclineations on the chart leave
nothing further tn be explained.
We have said that the Chambezi, after 1t had be-
come the Lualaba, has probable, we had almost
said, an unqucstioned connection with Albert Ny
ANA; for, though the great explorer has yet to
examine the gap OF unvisited and unknown terri
! tory on the south or Albert NyanZa and the north
and west OF Tanganyika, all the elemeuts and con-
ditions now ascertaned In the great problem OF the
ages conspre in forcing the conclusion that, II
spared 90 science, "the man OF iron" will IND that
the Lu.llaba, after receiving tributary irom Tan
ganyika on the west actually forms with the Cham
bezi ami the Luapula the grand upper basin Of the
! Nile This VIII make
THE CHAIN COMPLETE
and. from Cairo and the Niotc delta, on the Med
| iterranean, to Khartoum, GOnd0koro, Albert NY
ANA Tanganyika and far south to Bangweoo ana
! the mountain streams of the Chambez in latitude
eleven degrees south, there will not be single link
missing. II Ia this complete chain ofphyscal condl-
lions which alone explain the perennial supply OF
| the Nile in It's unwearied and uneXhausted
! flow through the fiery seas OF sand, and beneath
the terrific OF Tropical and Equatorial Africa.
| 1t is singular coincidence that the Amazon
river is supplied. like the Nile, by the rainfall
on both sides OF the Equator, over which line the
belt of rains and Of greatest precipitation Oscil
latcs with the sun in decnation. When this rain
belt ia on the northern side OF the Equator and
! pouring its foods into the streams which lie north
OF the Amazon, the river il swollen, and while, in
| our winter the rain-bet is flooding the streams OF
Brazil south OF the Amazon, they maintain It's ma
| jestic volume to its wonted fitness. So also, to
compare the Nile with the Amazon, it is now. easy,
| in the hrht Of what Livingstone sends us
through Stanley. to see that all the Won
derfi phenomena OF the former river
| it.I laip I'D
thu rainy season hoods tho Abyssinian mountains
and the regions of Africa north OF the Equator the
Ecyptian river Is full TO overlooking, and while the
sun is vertical in the southern hemisphere in our
winter aud the upper basin OF the Nile the Cham
bezi, the Lualaha and the magnificent system OF
lakes around then courses are deluged with rain
fall, the great river is sustained even along its
most nortnerly limit and pours noble food of
water past the Pyramids Of Egypt and along the
| very quays OF Cairo.
| THE GREAT DIVIDE
| which determines the climatic and photographic
character of all Eastern Africa and the Nile
| watered regions IL thus seen to be found, and Is
exhibited on the map north Of the Upper Zambezi
| and between the Zambezi and the Chambez rivers,
near the parallel Of ten degrees south latitude.
Could this great dividing ridge be removed by some
Atlean labor and borne away, the probable result
would be that the Zambczi would receive all the
present UTulHdge VI Tue NutIilDcLi lluhpuId
and become a roaring Amazon or Mississippi while
the supplies of water for Tanganyika BangweOlO
and Albert Nyanza, falling to go northward into
| these States the southern reservoirs OF the Nile
would fail to keep up it's enrichng and beneficial
| volume.
This paper must not close without calling atten.
| ton to the route the map OF
|. THE HERALD "UP-NILE' EXPEDITION
sent out last year from Cairo in search OF Sir
Samuel Baker and the remnant OF his gallant army
OF explorers under the nag Of Egypt We have
already published accounts Of the rapid march OF
our expedition across the Nubian Desert and its
ascent OF the Nile Valley by ship and steamer to
Khartonm, whence they pushing to the
| southwark on their search for Baker. few days
hence we may have tidings which will cheer the
hearts OF thousands and throw additional light
| over the whole field OF the Middle Nile geography
and meteOrOlOGy.
| FURTHER EXPLANATIONS OF THE MAI.
The summer o: 1859 brought Livingstone on the
west OF Tanganyikl to the virgin country OF Man.
yena AMI this led him 20 the discovery OF the two
| important lakes--Lake KalmoOndo lin latitude 8
degrees 80 minutes sonth) and Lake Lincoln (named
| in honor OF the American Presdent) both Of which
| connect with the Lualaha River, and, originally,
with the Chambezi. They are thus among the
| great Nilotic reservoirs OF the Southern Henri
| sphere The 1870 mics OF yet UNEMPLOYED territory
| lie between the southern end Of Albert NyanZa
| and the point farthest north attained by Living
stone while the south and west sides Of Tangan-
! ytka.
The Manycma country lies west OF Lake Tangan-
yika. After resting at JILL from his long travels
Livingstone set ont the last Of June, 1862 travelled
south ami southwest in the vicinity OF Lake Moero,
and coming around the southwestern angle OF
TanganyIka paused. Thence moving in a westerly
and Dortherly direction lie discovered Lake Kaino-
londo. and traced its connection with lakes MOero
and Bangweolo on the south BY means OF the Ina
pala River, which s a continuation OF the Chambezi