The New York herald., 1872-12-24


Excellency Lord A. LOTUS, British Ambassador at
the Court of His Majesty the Gear Alexander, has
had audience Of the Russian Prince Chancellor,
GortschakoH, and notified him in the name
OF Queen Victoria that, if the Russian troops
now operating against the Khan OF Khiva pene-
trate the countries lying between Khiva ana
Afghanistan. England will be compelled to inter-
vene in support OF Afghan independence
Kussia's Relations TO the Asia tic
Khanntcs.
In st, Petersburg political and diplomatic circles
the Asiatic question has become decidedly the
most interesting topic OF the day. both to
the English and Russians as the policy now
adopted by the Czars government win greatly
influence their future relations in the East
TO allay the fears expressed by section or the
English the Russian Ogicial Gazette has just lately
published the text OF the treaties Of commerce
entered into with several OF the Khans OF Asia by
the representatives of His Majesty Alexander. and
has given summary OF the events which led to
the steps taken by Russia to ensure the protection
OF her subjects and the development OF her Eastern
trade The attempt to disturb England in her pos
sessions in India is treated as ian act OF foy,n not
only on account OF the dl1culty and almost impoS-
sibity Of success, but even in case OF victorious
to the state OF barbarsm from which English rule
mas rescued IT, whereas mutual and friendly co,
operation In the work OF civilization Is justly held
to be not only for the advantage OF both nations
but OF the civilized world.
RUSSIAN TRADE AND ITS PROTECTION BY TREATIES.
Since the establishment OF security in the Steppes
OF Russian khirgiZi security only obtained by
considerable accession OF territory, Russian trade
has considerably increased, Notwithstanding the
additional duties and fines levied on Russian mer-
chants, contributions which amounted to double
those levied on the Mussulmans. The vexatious
Russian merchants "
posed induced the Russian government to author
!ze General kaufman, the Governor Of Turkistan,
to obtain treaties OF commerce with the Khan OF
Khokand lone Of the Khanatesl, the Emir Of Bou-
khara, and Yakoub Bek, the immediate chief OF the
these treaties are Identical, but the policy of the
Khan Of Khiva is said to be antagonistc to the
realization OF the anticipated advantages.
THE RUSSO-AsIATIC TRADE TREATIES.
copy Of the treaty which Russia has concluded
with Khokand-and which is is furnished-will sni-
fee for an understanding OF the other instruments.
The treaty reads as f0llows:-
Mss-EysIy M town and village Of Khokand without vi ex
%srfst Market WIN . to %srshans Khohspa - ..'',,
mt e have the pFt to
ain 9y the s,Ss g Of ss AS rc
chants in the towns in Russia. -
% merchants m % 70 have the right 70 have
whose
s Gsf
Tos1sa-Aii merchandise passing from Russia 70 Kho-
kan or from that country to European or AsiaS Rus,
Turkstan whoh Is axed at BIZ per cent Of the value OF
I shpss sn s IL any ss the tax
IN their a5. % G
enjoy the same right on Russian territory
This treaty was signed at Tashkend the Goth OF
January, 1868. 1t bears the signature and seal OF
General Kaufman, the Governor General OF Turks
tan, and that OF Seid M0hammed Khoudayar.
Since this period the relations between the two
countries have been considerably consolidated
EHIvA's OFFENCES AND RUSSIAN cAsus BELLI
The Russians allege that while the above recited
negotiations were drawing to favorable issues at
friendly communications between Khiva and
Russia. For some years, it Is said, Russian fisher
carried Of as slaves to the Khan Of Khva, who
protected the pirates and refused to give up his
seDcs or and
the constant repetition Of the OFFENCE In spite OF
the advice given him by the majority OF his
ishing the belief that he was geographically un-
assailable. The advance Of the Russians into
coasts Of the Caspian, the construction OF
Fort Alexander on the Isthmus Of Manghshlak,
the station at Krasnovodsk, at the entrance Of the
Daria Oxus) taught him that his position not
lmpregnable as be had deemed it. Fort Alexander
tenanced and is the ralying point Of the Kirghsi
tribes Who through fear or. other motives, have
Krasnovodsk has become become A the base Of Russian
army operations In case the Khan persists in his
hostile attitude.
NATIVE APPEAL TO THE RUSSIANS AND AFFECTING
INCIDENTS OF THE DIPLOMACY.
One OF the heads OF the Abdallah tribe Of the
Turkomans, Artchek Khoudai Nazarow, man
OF emlnenee among the Turkomans OF the
Manghishlak, presented himself at Fort Alex
ander in January, 1872: lie had just re-.
turned from Khiva, and was the bearer Of
sy tns s 70 s
first notice Of the Russian military movements the
Khan c0nvOked o council o! the chiefs OF all the
tro IN W. ian IN thn cfn Tn hp 20 pan
Nearly all were or opinion that II would be rG5h,
and, In fact impossible to resist. The deserton
frst appearance OF the Russian troops, ana the
Khan's inability to arm those who remained faith
iui and were willing to resist, appeared certain.
AN INSINCERE MAN0EUvRE AND ITS PUNISHMENT
In this extremity the Khan sent for the aged
Ichan, OF the TurEomans OF the Manghishlak, Nour-
Muhammed, held In deep vencration by his people,
and who. at the momcht, was present at Khiva,
whence he IVA was going & TO- undertake t pilsrmage
ichan's guest at the time, accompanied his host TO
the Council. The Khan received Nour-Muhammcd
most graciously
s h. ts best ssn
those You have till followeii For many your
gsst SeyonS not
% While Ss cooss
you had the mpertinence to harass him from behind
s s to; SasryS yS H isS 0y
Sw & sSa sst Of ms 1 mx
The Khan, 1t is SAID, was profoundly moved by
this speech. He ordered the immediate liberation
OF his Russian prisoners and begged the lchan to
Artchck left Khva soon afterwards, and, according
to his account, he heard that the prisoners were
to be restored Immediately. Nothing OF the sort
took place., The Khan sent ambassadors to gain
time they arrived, Mahmet Amin, the Grand lchan
.oi Khiva, at their head, bringing letter to His
Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Michel, Lieu
tenant General OF the Caucasus, the contents OF
which were either absurd or valueless, and hence
Russia feels insulted as well as Interested Tor
Lroat
BRrTAN's FEAR FOR ArGHANIsTAN.
The relations existing between the Emir OF Box
hara and Afghanistan are worthy oil notce.
During the stay Of the Russian Embassy at BOX
hara In 1870, the Afghanistans pressed the Emr TO
with 10 900 men In case OF a war with Russia. The
Emlr hesitated long; but, remembering the recent
defeats he had suffered from the Russians, and not
-rante5 70 tha Rueeio !, En,noasy oil thev desired