Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1872-08-21
DIR. LiyingstOne's correspondence

THE LETTERS BROUGHT by STANLEY To TIE BRIT
IsH F5REIGN OFFICE.
Dr. Livingstone correspondence with
Lord Stanley. Earl Clarendon, Earl Gran
Vile and Dr. KIRK, appears in the New York
Head Of Saturday, and contains much that
Is of great interest. The following statement
coneernin. the watersheds of the Nile Will
repay perusaI
THE SILE WATERSHEDS.
q" / have ascertainei that the watershed Of
the Nile is broad upland between ten
degrees and twelve degrees south latitude
and from 4OUU t. 5000 ffcet above the level
of the sea. Mountains stand on il at various
points, which, though not apparently very
high. are between 6uOo ana 1000 feet ot
actual aiti,u ic. Toe watershed Is over zoo
miles in length, from west 70 east. The
springs that rise On 1t are almost Iunumera-
ble-thaJ Is IL would take "a large part oI "a
man : late To count them A bird 5 eve view
OF some parts o. the watershed would rcsem-
BILE the frost vc-stttiOu ON window plnes
They all begin 01Ze II the head Ut a
slightly depressed valley. 4 lew hun dred
yards down the quantity ct water from o3z-
IN earthcrn sponge forms brisk perennial
burn or brook a few feet broad ana deep
enough To require bridge. These are the
ultimate OF primary sources OF the great
rivers that tlw % the north IN the great Nile
valley. The primaries unite and form streams
in general larger than the lsIs at Oxford or
Avon at Hamilton, and may be called
secondary sources. They never drv. bur
unite again into iour large lines of drainage,
the head waters or mains of the river OF
Egypt. These four are each called bv the
natives La ilOba, which, IT not too petautic
may be spoken OF as lacustrIne rivers, extant
specimens OF those which, IN prehistoric
times, abonnded in Africa, and which IN the
south are still called by Bcchuauas Nelap0'
in the north, by Arabs ~ adys' both words
meaning the same thIng-rIver bed in which
no water ever now flows. Two of the four
great rivers mentioned fall into tie central
Lualaba, OF Webb's Lake River, ami then We
have but two main lines of drainage as
depicted nearly by Ptolemy
The prevailing winds on the watershed are
from the southeast. This Is easily observed
By tue direction of the branches, and the
humidity of the climate Is apparent IN the
numbers of llnclens which make the upland
forest look Ike the mangrove swamps on the
coast. In passing over sixty miles of
latitude | waded thirty-two primary sources
from calf to waist deep, and requiring from
twenty minutes to an hour and a quarter to
cross stream and sponge. This would give
dbbAt uhC SouANS " ever khO ulACe
The veteran explorer thus describes
massacre which he saw IN Central Africa
massacre prompted by the vengeance of
slave trader
- On hearing that the head slave Of a
trader at UjJl had, in order to get canoes
cheap, mixed blood with the head men of the
Bagenya on the left bank, they we're
Disguised with his assurance, and resolved to
punish him and make an impression in the
country in favor OF their own greatness by an
assault on the market people and on ali the
Bagenya who had dared to make friendship
with any but themselves Tagam0io, the
principal undertrader of Dugumbe's party,
was the perpetrator. The market was
attended every fourth day by between 1000
and 5000 people. 1t was held on long
slope OF land which down at the river, ended
In creek capable of containing between fifty
and sixty large canoes. The majority of the
market people were women, many of them
very pretty. The people west OF the river
brought fish, salt, pepper, oil, grass-cloth,
iron, fowls, goats, sheep, pigs, in great
numbers to exchange with those east of the
river for cessave grain, potatoes and other
iarinaceOus products. They have a strong
sense of natural justice, and all unite in
forcing each other to fair dealings. At frs |
my presence made them all afraid bnt wish |
ing TO gain their confidence which nv |
enemies tried 10 undermine or prevent, | /
went among them frequently, and when they /
saw no harm In me became very gracious /
the bargaining was the finest acting | ever /
saw. 1 understood but few OF the words |
that flew off the glib tongues of the women,
but their gestures spoke plainly. took t
sketches of the fifteen varieties of fish /
brought in, to compare them with those of
the Nile farther down, and all were eager to |
tell their names. But on the date referred /
TO l had left the market only miunte or
two when three men whom | had seen with
guns, and felt inclined to reprove them for
bringing them into the market place, but
had refrained by attributing it to ignorance
N new corners, began to fire into the dense
crowd around them. Another party down
1t the canoes, rained their balls on the
Danic-struck multitude that rushed into these
7essels All threw away their goods, the men
orgot their paddles, the canoes were iammed
n the creek and could not be got out quick
enough, so many men and women sprung
nto the water. The women of the left bank
ire expert divers for oysters, and a long line
IF heads showed croud striking out for an