The New York herald., 1871-11-13
= q U M AN IA,
Its Government, Population and
Financial Position.
Military and Naval Resources Of the Unitsd
Yrinoipalitiss Of Holdayia and WallachiA

Military and Naval Resources Of the Untte6
Yrinoipalitiss Of Holdavia and WallachiA
maK NaN hH I 45
BUCHAREST. August a, ls71.
.Tne United Principaities Of koldavis and waIs
lachia,'-that Is the style and title under which th6
provinces on the Danube are still known in dipo,
matte pariance, although the designation Of "Rou1
mania" Is now In general usage tn and out OF the
country. g n#r aup swT1oT
is, at least nominally, under the vassalase q
Turkey. 1t pays an annual tribute OF four million
p,asters to the sultan-namey. Moidavta, one and
half and Wallacnia. two and nalf Millions. In
consideration OF that payment tho Turkish govern~
ment waves the right formerly possessed OF keep!
ing the country under military occupation Tho in&
dependence Of Roumania Is based on conventions
ratified August 7-19, 1858. and on the constitu~
tiou bearing date June 80, 1865. Prince Charles Of
Hohenzollern- -Sigmaringen, elected ~ "Hospodarn
In 1866 governs with the aid OF responsble Minis<
try, and exercises executive powers. The legisla~
tive body, elected BY the people, consists Of two
Chambers-so wis tue ssnsss and the NasionaE
Assembly (Adunarea Nsuuna,.
1es4 iaa THE POPULATION
is variousy stated at 4,6aO. 600 and 100000 the
former Hgure being probably nearest the truths
About tour millions comprise the natsve 0iemontt
while from four TO Ave hun0red thouann6 Anx
habitants are OF German 0rigln - 1o4oeq
Hebrews, engaged In commercial pursuits, are
scattered over the larger citieA whle . few ihoas
sand Greeks, Armenians and zingarii are making
up the remaining portion Tne religious faitn q
the natives u based on the rites Of the Greek
Oriental Church. s-4RA- 4,aee .,ssa3
THE FINANCIAL POSITION
OF yhe country Ii not very nourishing. the budgeq
showing ON expenditure OF Sl7,960.000, while thd
receipts ior the current year are estimated q
$l6, ,0O0 thus showing deficit OF S 100000 o.
nearly two million dollars. OF the expendfturd
more than one-hftn, or, CORRECTLY speakingS
$3906.0OO, IL annually devoted to military pur,
poses The subjoned staten.dt tends to SHOW the
position OF the country In military point Of view:A
PAST nIST,RY. Nan9g-@ e4sg'..
Soon after the Crimean war an army was organ
lied in Roumanla when. the Frencl Ustem served
as model. Immediately on the accession Of PRINCE
Charles the French plan was abandoned, ana stnca
July. 1868, the army haa been entirely reorgan2ed
on the Prusslan SYSTEM Military service IL 0blie1
tory on all men capable or bearing ssms between
ty-seven the young men serve In the standing army
or they are enrolled IN sne corps styled the sDoro<
lice duty on the borders ana IN tine country -
species OF gendarmes but In time Of war they aro
the service asslmlaes much TO Jnat or the Co5saeka
Russia. From the age Of twenty -seven 70 thlry.
IN the National Guarda 1,1 "a
: - ..'. Tas Army oossIsrs
OF eight infantry reslmens (tnroe battaiOus eAsnh
four ride battalt0ns and three cavalry regtmentsH
Sassaiions o engineers including Ss sanssTy dc,
partment, provision tralns, &C., Qo grand total
eH 81 me q
26211 men or all arms, with ninety ak cannun. To
iantry YAM ana thirty companies Doro6anzen ,cavalryM
while thirty Dattalions OF militia troops w0ulG
6g Up ns Wod SU about a1d
lighting men. 1t has been calculated that 4x,lNQ
men are ANNUALLY ,y Y M sns propsr aGs
called in-say ABOUT o.S2S per cent OF thewhole
The institution Of Natonal Guards, fear. N ID
far more on paper thaa In actual existence; and II
Il exceedingly doubtful looking at the position Of
tnat Drancn VI the service oe relied Neyes-
theiess the proportion pT oaDita OF the reguxr
ranJs with an increase TO 21J In time or war; there
seems little doubt tnat Roumanls can face tAa
enemy at any moment with tne force above de..
s aan Il s ss:
twenty fvc thousand Of each. IA addition 70 my OF
about to DO transformed Into needle guns.
The cavalry carries lances. sabres and breech-
loading caroineA the "Dorobanzen' carrying ths
Tne ninety-stx cannon are OF steel, four and SIX
Tne Uniform consists OF dark blue tunic with red
facings, brass buttons anu black kepl for all arns
except the rlnemeh, VINO have lignt gray-coiored
EFFICIENCY OF THE RoUMAsrAN soLDrER
AS general rule the R0umanlan soldier Is INTEL
ligent; very active and nilnDle, he possesses many
good Qualities When placed under eliclent leaders,
The military bearing OF the men s unexceptonablet
as well as the equipment everytnlny being planned
on the Prussan system. Wnue the army IN TINS
respect has been favoraDly commenced on b1
persons capable 0i Judging, 1t cannot be de+
med that much remains to De done before
It can be pronounced efficient wneneveg
o military school 1T JAsSy. where nucleus 10
formed FOR the future to provide good onicers Az
in tactics and other knowledge or military mafers
but they are TOO much occupied with political ins
mucn DIV Sion among the odiccrs, wncn tends W
destroy the cop, du corps, without which no army
can possioly exist There Is, however, q good nu-;
cleus OF under o,icers, ald, moreover. young men:
sent 10 PUsdan and BERLIN iOr eLucatiOI 0t tno
oosrs rra c,a are ase 70 iassrues aa9
direct especially In the artuery department, both
men and officers In tue art OF war I7ErA
Roumania is divided into four military distriotak
namely :-Jassy, Bucharest. Cralowa and Ga.atx. AZ
sion two OF these commanders are Generals vtz:
Cornesco ut Crajowa, Baclnskl At Galatz and ColOJ
hsc and ss the later psse Seasra
Is Chief Of stan under tine direction Of the Aiasie1
or War.
Is composed OF four generals Of division and eight
nes two lieutenant colones six MAJORS and Twelve
captains, say in all twenty-two officers special
neIs, two majors and four captains, v sppOtnte6
to do duty a. adJutants to the Prince. .r-.aef
ARMY PAT.
The pay OF 0f1cers Is liked a. follows
Generals-diyison aud brigade. e..............3zo6A
Colonels Observation-Disclosures. 2134
LieulouhuI COOntis lso8Q
MAJORS. ...................... lOJz
SaPtains ~
Lieutenants. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. Ay2
Second lieutenants. ................... S7S
The officers pay Is uniform Tor Gil arms, whether
infantry or cavalry. but captains receive an extra
allowance for rent OF $l72 and iieutenAnts aud Sec
0nd lieutenants 1i44 annually, when Quarterel OUT