davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
Something about the Prices OF Ladies,
Wearing Apparel.

Wearing Apparel.
The excellent fashion article in Horpers
Bazar says:
Cloth paletots are so convenient and iauu-
ty that they will remain in favor. They are
also most reasonable in price. Among those
imported from Berlin are fine cloth Jackets,
slashed, and in gothic points, with velvet col
lar and cuffs, made in the best manner and
sold for SIS or 500 Others of coarser cloth,
though all wool, trimmed with fringe and vel
vet pipings, cost from SIS to S1S.
Ponson's bue-black velvet, three-fourths OF
a yard wide, is the quality found most availa-
Bile for this seasons garments. 1t costs from
Sll to Sl5 yard. The double capes of vel
vet are much less expensive than polonases.
are graceful and stylish-looking, with tine ad-
vantage, in addition, of not cutting the velvet
in small pieces. A pretty velvet Inverness,
with gimp and1ringe, is sod for SIS; a double
cape, or sacque with cape, for $S5. Ladies
who have velvet basquines, or loose sacques
MADE TWO or three years ego, are moderniz-
ing them by adding large talma, open only
halt way up the back, and thus concealing
that part OF the velvet that has lost its lustre
or become worn.
Bright and warm jackets for the house are
made of flannel cloth of two or three red
shades, scarlet, cherry or crimson, braided
with white worsted cured braid in Gothic
patterns, and fringed or scalloped. White
flannel cloth is braided with blue or scarlet,
blue with white, and black with white or
blue The collar, cuffs, aud breast pocket
are pointed in Gothic fash ion. Price SlO.
The most comfortable garment for midwin-
ter is a fur cloak. Seal will be most worn
this year, and the shape is loose double
breasted sacque, bordered with sea-otter or
with beaver. The small round muff must be
bordered also. Astrakhan cloaks are given
new effect by borders of another skin, such as
fur seal or that of the Persian lamb. These
are fitted jackets, slashed in each seam, and
cost from 800 to $120.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
An Old bu, desperate woocr.

The Memphis Appeal gives the following:
Almost shocking affair took placenear Mad
ison, Arkansas, lately. An old citizen about
sixty years of age, by the name of Kirke, be-
came enamored of widow, Bennett. He
made frequent offers of marriage to her, (which
were rejected by herself, and more strenuous
W opposed by her sen. On the day mention
ed above he paid Mrs. Bennett visit at her
house, and insisted again that she shonld
msrry him: On being refused, ne took a hot
Tie OF strychnine out of his pocket, and held Il
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
Terms $500 per- anmssns. IN advance.

up to her saying: "If you do not marry me,
/ will drink this" She told him she could
not help it. He then went out OF the house
to tree where he had left his gun. got il
and walked to where young Bennef was work.
ing near by. and deliberately shot him. He
then swallowed large dose of strycbnine.
and proceeded home (but short distance off1.
and told his children what he had done. 4
physician was sent for. who arrived too late
70 save him. He expressed no remorse of
I;onseien.s, but said he was willing and anx-
.ous ,ous 10 =. He left letter to his children,
canag cer,ng Them that ho was unhappy, which had
thene ~ MN I'm TO do the fatal act, and exhorted
t9e youngest ones, who are yerv small
abnntg g Dennett, fine promising young man,
ss NOT ses;"y I;menty years of age, fortunately was
hot in .h seriously injured-the Shot taking effect
inc '1 wsll arm and breast. he is reported as do
mourn his loss large ianihy "
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
LORING,
SHORT &
HARMON.

Angel & Ames on Corporations, 9th
edition, S750
Abbott's U. S. Court Practice, vols, Is 90
American Reports, Vols. & 2, each 600
American Law Review, Subscription
per year, 500
Bankrupt Register, vols, 20 90
Benedict's Admiralty. I'd ed., $50
Bigelow's Life and Accident Insurance
Reports, vol. /, 75O
Browne on Statute of Frauds, Sd ed, 75O
Bumps Bankruptcy, 4th ed, $50
Chamberlain's Commercial Law-1S71. 5OO
Cookies Common and Civil Law Prac-
tice, AOO
Curtis's Conveyancer, 12mo, I'd ed, 225
Daniels Chancery Practice, 4th ed.,
vols, % so
D"airis on statutes, 75O
Herman on Estoppel, $50
Langdelrs Leading Cases on Contracts, 80
Maine Civil Officer, 12mo, new ed, $50
Maine Reports, vol. IS, 400
Maine Revised Statues-1S71, 400
Massachusetts, Reports, vol. 103, 425
Ram on Facts, 500
Ram on Legal Judgment, 500
Redfield & Bigelow's Leading Gases on
Bills of Exchange, &C., 75O
Redfield on Wills, Sd ed, vols, % so
Schouler's Domestic Relations, 75O
Sedgwick on Damages, 9Th ed., $50
Shearman & Redfield on Negligence,
I'd ed, 750
Smiths Leading Cases, 9th ed, vols, 10 so
Story on Bailments, 8th ed., 75O
Story on Sales, 4th ed, 75O
Taney's Circuit Court Decisions, 75O
Throop on Verbal Agreements, vol. /. 75O
United States Digest, vols. 2S 6 49, ea., so
United States Statutes at Large, vol. 16, 5 so
Virgins Supplemental Digest Me. Re-
ports, 5 so
Washburn's Law Lectures, 12mo., 200
Whartons Precedents of Indictments,
Sd ed, 2 vols, 1900
Liberal discount made to the Profession.
We also have quite an assortment of second
hand Text Books and Reports. Lists sent by
mail on application. Secondhand Libraries
bought. New Books exchanged for old.
LORING, SHORT & HARMON,
oct30.d1w&w1t PORTLAND.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

Now is the time to subscribe for the MAINE
STATE PRESS, which is essentially Maine
newspaper. Single subscriptions %. Large
discounts to clubs. Send for samples free'
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
n OTI Q Il

THIS is to warn all persons against trusting John
! A. Gallagher on my account
oc30-dlw* E. y. GALLAGHER.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
Mill for Sale OrLease.

- SITUATE in Wilton, near the Wilton Depot, one
~ Mill with never failing water power. The build
ing is 64x40 three stories. Suitable for wooden or
cotton manufacturing. The building, wheel and
shafting is all new, can rely on about 60 horse power
thee ntre year, no trouble from freshets The prop
erty will be sold in yearly installments ii desired.
saw and shingle and lath mill connected, will be
offered with the above property il wished for.
For particulars inquire of
my11d,wu CHARLES BARTLETT, Wilton.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

The Portland Daily Press
? published every day (Sundays excepted) by
he
Portland Publishing Co.,
At 109 EXCHANGE STREET, Portland
TERMs:-Eight Dollars Year in advance.
The Maine State Press
Is published every THURSDAY MORNING at
$3.50 year; If paid in advance, at $500 .
year.
RATES OF FADvERTIsNG.-One inch of space,
in length of column, constitutes "square."
$150 per square daily first week. 70 cents
per week after; three insertions, or less, ST. 90;
continuing every other day after first week, 50
cents.
Half square, three insertions or less, 70 cents;
one week, $1.00; 30 cents per week after.
SPECIAL NOTICES, one third additional.
Under head of "AMUsEMENTs,' $500 per
square per week; three insertions or less 81. 80.
Advertisements inserted in the MAINE
STATE PRESS" (which has large circulation
in every part OF the State) for $1.O0 per square
for first insertion, and 80 cents per square for
each subsequent insertion.
Address all communications to
PORTLAND PUBLISHING co.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
Notice,

- lilies, SHOT-GUNS, REvOLvERs. Gun ma
II terials of every kind. Write for Price List to
Great Western Gun Works, Pittsburgh, Pa. Army
guns and revolvers bought or traded for. Agents
wanted. oel9-4w
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
A Lively Kcn,iniscence of Davy Crockett.
A correspondent Of the Nashville Banner


writes from Paris, Tenn:
Paris, besides being one of the oldest towns
in this porto of the State, has historic asso-
Citations as Iich and pleasant as any in the
West. At this point the canvass usually
closed between Davy Crockett and "Little
Fitz," rs James Fitzgerald was called. 1t
was here that the memorable difficulty took
place between "Davy" and "Little Fitzn that
decided the election of the latter for Congress.
Fitzgerald had accused Crockett OF drawing
more mileage than he was entitled to, and
characterized 1t in very severe terms. Crock
EFT sent him word that if he repeated it that
he would thrash him. FitZgerald's friends
represented to him the danger of repetition.
and advised him not to make the issue.
When the hour for speaking arrived an i'm
mense crowd was present, mostly, Crockett
men, and among them their idolized chief
Fitzgerald came late, with but few hackers,
and they OF class not fond of broils and diff
icuIties. He was met before he reached the
grounds, and begged to return, but he could
not retreat without disgrace and defeat. Fitz-
gerald spoke first Upon mounting the stand
he was noticed to lay something upon the
pine table in front OF him, wrapped up in his
handkerchief He commenced his speecb nv
an aliusion TO the reports that had been made.
and when he said that he was here to reas
sert and prove the charges, Crockett arose
and stated that he was present to give them
the lie, and whip the little lawyer that would
repeat it, When Fitzgerald reached the OBJ
jectionable point, Crockett arose from his seat
in the audience and advanced toward the
stand. When within three or four feet OF II.
Fitzgerald suddenly removed pistol from his
handkerchief, and, covering Col. Crockett's
breast, warned him that "a step further and
he would fire. The move was so unexpect-
ed, the appearance of the speaker so cool and
deliberate, that Crockett hesitated a second.
turned around, and resumed his seat ''
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

THE Buildings and land on Pearl street, and store
L on Portland Pier. Enquire of
sep18dtf Ue w SHEA 27 Pearl ST
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

ANEW USE FOR PApER.-In China and
Japan, paper clothing has long been worn by
the inhabitants; and so cheaply can it be pro
duced, that serviceable paper coat costs only
ten cents, while whole suit of the same ma
terial is limited to twenty-five cents. Here
tofore, paper has been worked up among civil
ized nations into collars, cuffs, frills, and sim
liar minor articles; but by recent English
Inventions a really serviceable paper fabric has
been prepared from which table-cloths, nan
kins, handkerchiefs, pantaloons, curtains.
shirts, petticoats, and other articles of dress
together with imitation blankets and bed fur
niture, lace and fringe, imitation leather, etc.
can be made very cheaply. The substances
used in preparing this fabric are both yeeeta,
BILE and animal, and comprise mixture NJ
wool, silk, fax, jute, hemp, and cotton Pc.
duced to fine pulp and bleaehed. and then
felted by means of machinery, the material
thus obtained ploduces fabric of wonderful I
hexi6ility and strength, which can be sewed
together, and with as strong seam and as
Wen as any cloth. The articles made from
lnis mixture are said not only te be very SER
viceable, but to so closely resemble cloth, lin-
en-, or cotton as to defy the closest scrutiny.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
I" oA " TEL ID.

ENOR Orchestra and Brass Band, Four Musicians,
i Solo Cornet, Clarinet and Brass. I'd Violin or
Harp and Brass, Brass and String Basso
Season to last until July 4th, 1872. Address
GEO. E, WILSON, Manager Theatre,
oclI-l0t Old Box 4i4, Rockland, Me-
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

TJOUSE ON WINTER STREET FOR RENT
IL q story house, Is rooms, bathing room, gas
water, and all moderate Improvements. Fine fruit
garden the premises. viii be leased fer term of
years. House arranged for and will be lot to one
family only.
Apply to GEO DAVIS & Co.,
Cc20-eOd3w Real Estate and Mortgage Brokers'
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

- A Fine Residence for Sale in the
@:;: Western part of she City, one Square
MesA from State street, at n la~ge discount
From Cost. Cali and Examine!!!
1.2 story house, 10 rooms and bathing room,
ged tor one two families, gas and water up
stairs and down. Suite of parors, marble mantles,
brick, brick els tern and we'll drainage into sewer
perfect. large woodshed on the premises which
can be used as stable with carriage way l2 feet
wide to another street. fine fruit garden of grapes
currents pears and cherries. Terms easy. large
portion OF the purchase money remain on mort
Lot 60 by s4 feet.
Apply to GEO. r. DAVIS & co.
ocl0tf Real Estate and Mortgage Brokers'
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01

House ON CascO ST, for Sale.
THE 1-2 story house No 6 Casco street; contains
ten finished rooms, and is very desirable }oca-
ton. Apply to VIM. H. JERRlS,
audit Real Estate and Loan Agent.
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
For Sale.

a TWO Story House containing I3 finished rooms,
]A besides Halls and Closets, Brick Cistern plen-
ty OF hard and soft water BROUGHT into the kitchen.
pfped for Gas with the Gas Fixtures, good Drains,
Lot 45x110 1T, Situated within minutes walk of the
Post Office. Price low, Terms liberal
Inquire of JOHN c.. PROCTER,
oct19i3w 50 Exchange St,
The Portland daily press., 1871-11-01
FOB SALE.

ERUIT and Confectionery store, No s Uulted
u States Hotel Building. Good class OF trade
W sbe sold low as the proprietor is to'leave the
city Apply at store. oct IS I'm
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30


alarming increase OF tins trade, and It's IN
furious effects upon the manufacturing IN
tcrests and the revenue OF the govern
ment; and fourth, the sale OF manufactured
and unlnanulactured tobacco by peddlcrs--
a great source OF irand upon the revenue,
ealfng Tor more stringent provisions OF law
TO regulate such trade, and diminish the
facility winch tins mode OF selling tobacco
ailorus ior inc reuse OF stamps ana stamped
PACKAGES;
upon tne last TWO points named there
were no diiierences OF OPINION, and all OF
these manufacturers are anXiously looking
70 =, congress Tor protection. Neither did
there seem TO DC any dilierenecs OF OPINION
among these manufacturers with regard to
inc hrst point, VIZ: uniform rate OF tax.
IN TACT, all expressed themselves desrous
that congress should, at the earliest day
possible, TX the tax ON manufactured to-
nacco az inc lowest rate compatible vita
.ie necessities OF inc treasury, WIN the I'M
aerstanoihg tnae no cnange should hereafter
DC mace which would disturb the relations
OF tne trade, SO long as the government
shouia require TAX TO DE coiiected from
topacco. aas-
None oil inc manufacturers seemed TO be
sa'lslieu WIN the present system OF pond,
ca warehouses;. some would nave bonded
warehouses; apoiisned altogether, as being
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
BANKRUPT NOTICES.


THIS is TO GIVE NOTICE-That on the 18th
Il day of Octr, ISL a warrant in bankruptcy
was issued out o. the District Court of the Jni-
ted States for the Eastern District of Virginia,
against the estate of l.. j. Wilkerson, of Meek
lenburg county, and State of Virginia, who has
been adiudged a bankrupt on his own petition -
That the payment of any debts and tile delivery
of any property belonging to said bankrupt, to
him or for his use, and the transfer of any pro-
perty by him, forbidden by law That
meeting of the creditors of said bankrupt, to
prove their debts and choose one or more assig-
nees of his estate will be held at court of bank
ruptcy, to be holden at the Office of the register
in Richmond, Va. before w. w. Forbes, Esq
Register, on the 9th day of November, 1871, at 10
o'clock A. M. DAVID b. PARKER,
oc 2S--S2w 1at.t.s il u. s. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
as-1[C COMMUNICATED.
THE ELECTION.
"A Few Plain Remarks.
No. V.


In the first No. of this series, argued
that the substitution of the old Democracy
for the Republican party, would lead
inevitably to undomg change and all the
mischief Of ruthless DISCRIMINATION.
I propose now to be a little more practi-
cal and definite, and to show that to some
of the most vital interests of the State,
Democratic ascendancy will be the very
blast of destruction.
The James River and Kanawha water
line has been regarded, from the time of
Washington and John Marshall, as the main
dependence of Virginia for general internal
development, and especially for commercial
importance. All our statesmen Of more
recent times concur in this opinion, while,
in the meantime, the extraordinary result
of the Erie canal has converted all specula-
ton into magnificent and astounding reality.
1t is enough to know Of it, that it is
bound to sweep the trade of the Ohio and
Mississippi valleys, from the foot of the
Rocky mountains to the mouth of the Ka-
nawha, and pass it through the territory Of
Virginia to the seaboard.
Now, it is universally conceded that the
completion of the grand work is beyond
the means of the State, and that all our
hopes of its contamination rest on aid from
the national government. In what form,
letus inquire, has Congress granted sub
sides to the internal improvements OF the
country
How did Illinois get from the bounty OF
Congress the forty millions OF dollars with
which she constructed her great line OF rail-
way from Chicago to Cairo. Whence
came the countless millions that have made
the Western States q very network of rail-
roads? From what scource were evoked.
the two hundred millions of money that
have built the Pacific railroad and their
many branches All came from the pub
lie lands. In the soundest policy Congress
adopted donations OF public lands as the
most satisfactory form Of appropriation.
First, it was the least taratice inode,so to
speaks 1t did not take the peoples money
directly out of their treasury, or directly in
crease their burdens. Almost insensibly
it adds TO individual and national prosperity
and wealth and the comfort Of the people.
secondly, the lands donated,not only be-
came mere valuable by being travcrsed by
railroads or. canals, but impart by CONT
guilty largely increased value to the ada
cent lands, and thus augment production
and. wealth, and OF course the revenues.
Most probably but for this easy unop-.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
THE EVE or ELECTION.


,rltitfi - From gold to gray
"'Ne ~ Our mild sweet day,
ii'e OF India SUMMER fades too soon,
iifsh Above the sea
Hangs white and calm, the hunters moon.
In its pale fire,
The village spire t.r
Shows like the zodiac's spectral lance
- wherein it falls
Trnnsfgured stand I'm marble trance
i.ih lfHf.' Der fallen leaves '
.fiNsia lll +. The west-yvind grieves,
iss Yet comes a seed-time round again;
sos .siid The State sownfree
.8I with baleful tares or healthful grain
sias4 10 siiA atN1i $3.50 isetsIi.
81 TL-lil Along thestreet 2.
s.llH The shadows meet
OF Destiny, whose hands conceal
That shape the State,
hIii And make or mar. the common veal.
as aii1qfl Vi Il'iql ,'Iniss.5r.
.aaaA Around Isee y
b. al. eThe mowers that be l.i.ii ~
1 stand bv Empires primal springs:
And princes meet
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30

i the 9th day of October, 1871. u warrant in
bankruptcy was issued out of the District Court
Rapp.llannock county, and State of yirginia WHO
has been adjudged a bankrupt on his own peti-
ton /; that The payment of any debts, and the
delivery of any property belonging to said bank
rupt, him or for his use and the transfer of any
property by him, are forbidden by law thaf a
meeting of the creditors of said bankrupt to prove
their debts and choose one or more ;lssignces of
his estate, win be held at q cont of bankruptcy,
to be holden at the Registers Office in Alex
andra Virginia, before Ly sanfler Hill, Esq, Reg
lister, ON the 18th day of November, 1871, III 8
o'clock A. NJ. DAVID B. PARKER,
oc 26-Th2w IT. S. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
U,H.s is TO GIVE SoTrCE THAT on IN.

MSS ~ NJ Wv A INVAhcas 80 uuJ Oh stic
IL 10Th day of October, 1871, warrant in hank
ruptcy was issued out of the District Court of the
United States for the Eastern District of Virginia,
against the estate of J. r. j. Mason, Of ssus
sex county and State of Virginia, who has
been adjudged bankrupt on his own petition: =
That the payment of any debts and the delivery
of any property belonging 10 said bankrupt, to
him or for his use, and the transfer of any pro-
perry by him, forbidden by law:--Tat q
meeting of the creditors of said bankrupt, to
prove their debts and choose one more assg-
nees of his estate, will be held at court of bank
rupcy, TO be holden at the Office OF the register
in Richmond, Va, before w w. Forbes, Esq,
register, on the 9th day of November, 1871, Mt 10
O'Clock A. M. DAVID j. PARKER,
Oc 25-W2w u. s. Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
1921
THIS is TO GIVE NOrlCE-rhat on the 18th

IL day of Oct, 1871, u warrant in bankruptcy
was issued out of the District Court of the Uni
ted States for the Eastern District of Virginia,
against the estate of Ro. j. A. Smith, of Henri
co county, and State of Virginia, who has been
adjudged a bankrupt his own petition that
the payment oiany debts, and the delivery Of any
properly belonging 10 said bankrupt, to
him or for his use, and the transfer of any
property by him, are forbidden by law; that
meeting of the creditors of said bankrupt, to
prove their debts and choose one or more assign
of his estate, will be held at court of bank
ruptcy, to be holden at the office Of the Reg
lister, in Richmond Va, before w. w. Forbes,
Esq, Register, on the 9th day of November, 1871,
ut 10 O'Clock A. M. DAVID b. PARKER,
oc 24-T2w raH u. S. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
42S5
rlNHIS Is TO GIVE NOTICE That

42SJ
rlNHiS is TO GIVE NOTICE THAT on the
Il 18th day of October 1871, a warrant in bank
ruptcy issued out Of the District Court of the
United States tor the Eastern District of Virginia,
against the estate OF VIM. Jones, of Peters
burg, and State of Virginia, who has been
the payment of any debts, and the delivery OF
any property belonging to said bankrupt to him
or for his use, and the transfer of any property
by him, are forbidden by law THAT a meeting
of the creditors of said bankrupt, to prove their
debts and choose one or more assgnees of his es-
tate, will be held at q court of bankruptcy, to be
holden at the office of the register, in Richmond,
Va, before w. w. Forbes, Esd register on the
9Th day of November, 1871, ut 10 O'Clock A. M.
DAVID Is. PARKER,
oc 24-T2w u. s Marshal
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30

TTNHiS Is TO GIVE NUTICE-ThaI on the
Il oath day of October 1871, a warrant in bank
ruptcy was issued out of the District of the
United States for the Eastern District of Vr-
ginia, against the estate of John Il.
Fletcher, of Fauquer county, and State of VI-
gnia, who has been adludged bankrupt on
and the delivery of any property belonging to
said bankrupt, TO him or for his use. and the
transfer of any property by him, are forbidden
by law That meeting OF the creditors of said
more lssgnees of his estate will be held ut II
Court of Bankruptcy, TO be holden at the Reg
sters office at Alexandria, Virginia. before Iy
sander Hill, Esq, Register, ON the 18th day of
November, 1871 at 8 o'clock A. M.
DAVID b. PARKER,
oc 2G-Th2W II. $. Marshal.
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30
43lU
TN THE DISTRACT COURT or THE UNI.

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE UNI
Il TED STATES for the Eastern District of Nir
ginia. IIf r#.f
In the matter of William II. Wright, bank
rupt-in bankruptcy
To Whom il May Concern. ---Ihe undersigned,
John Washington of Caroline county, and jacob
COIN of Richmond City, Va, hereby give notice
Of their appointnentas assiglees of the estate Of
William H. Wright, of Caroline county, in said
district, who was, the 10th day of September,
A.. d., 1874, adjudged bankrupt ON his own PEE
tition by the District Cont of said district.
Dated Richmond, October 18TH 1871.
JOHN WASHINGTON,
JACOB COIN,
oc l3-F3w Assignees
The Daily state journal. [volume] (Alexandria, Va.) 1868-1874, 1871-10-30

in said county, ON James river, below the month
of Craig's creek, adjoining the lands of James
Owen and others, and being the same land upon
which the said bankrupt at present resides, con-
thinning - IL II -