The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-01-30

lowers, just as the ola DourDOnS returned In
1915.
Revolutions in France Since 17S0-The
Example of 1914.
Since the year 1889 France has periodically
proved herself to be the focus of European
revolution The revolution of 1889, which
was rather held in check than brought to
close by the esta blshment of the Consulate in
1899 and by the establishment of the empire
in 1904, not only completely changed the char
acter Of France, but convulsed Europe and
gave birth to ideas which at intervals, more or
less regular, have found expression in the
political upheaving of the Continent. The
establishment of the empire was not less
revolution than was the destruction Of the
monarchy. The restoration of the monarchy
in lSl4 the downfall Of Charles the Tenth in
1880 and the accession to power of Louis
Philippe; the fall of Louis Philippe and the
proclamation of the republic in lS4S; the coup
d'6tat of 1851, followed, as it was, by the
re- establishment Of the empire in l852-these
mark the great changes which have taken
place in France since the common cement of
the great revolution.
Among all those revolutionary changes the
only parallel to that which now exists is that
Of 1914. Then as now, the foot of the invader
was on French soil. Then, as now, Paris had
surrendered and France was PROSTATE. Then,
as now, hundreds of thousands of armed
invaders were quartered in and around the
unhappy city. The question raised by the
allies Immediately after the occupation was
with whom they should treat in arranging
peace. The Emperor Alexander, who was the
mouthpiece Of the allied sovereigns, at
meeting held in the house of M Talley-
rand, where were the leading members Of
the Senate and the most distinguished char
acters in the French capital, stated that three
courses were open to them-to treat with Ma
poleon, to establish regency or to recall the
House Of Bourbon. France could have her
choice. Talleyrand rose and said that the
first two projects were inadmissible, as the
peace of Europe could not be considered safe
with Napoleon or any of his dynasty on the
throne of France The third was the only
course which would be generally acceptable to
the French people. On being questioned by
the Emperor Alexander as to how he proposed
to arrive at his object Talleyrand replied that
he would answer for the Senate, and that their
example would be speedily followed by the
whole French people. On the 1st of April
the Senate assembled at the call of NJ Talley-
rand and appointed provisional government.
n, t1,, c,llo 10 Nri1 \ r.
mally dethroned Napoleon. The Corps Lee
gislatif, which had also been convened, en-
dorsed the action of the Senate. In the
course Of protracted stting-whch com
menced on the evening of the 9Th and lasted
till seven o'clock in the morning of the 9th
the Senate agreed to call Louis XVIII. to the
throne. On the Sd of May Louis, by the gate
of ST. Denis, entered Paris and amid scenes
of joyous excitement such as have seldom
been witnessed the King took possession Of
the halls of his ancestors.
WHAT'S particularly interesting to us now is
that the allied sovereigns and their representa-
tives recognized and treated with the Senate and
Corps Legislatif. They accepted and dealt
with the constituted authorities as they found
them. The popularity of the situation to- day
is that King William has two governments to
deal with. There is government de .facto-
government seif-constituted, with which he
has had no choice but treat in the matter of
the surrender. There is also the government
de jure-a government legally constituted,
and, 50 far as election goes, formally repre-
sentative Of the French people. King William,
we may rest assured, will not recognize the
revolutionary government. The question now
is whether he will convene and negotiate with
the Senate and Corps Legislatf, or whether
he will convoke general assembly. 1t is
more than likely that he will follow the ex-
ample Of 1914, thus recognizing the properly
constituted authorities, and yet leaving France
free to decide upon a form of government.
At present, so far as we can see, the choice
lies between the regency Of the Empress and
the restoration Of the House Of Orleans.
The Holy ALLIANCE OF PREACHERS have
| opened their crusade against Tom Murphy
with great vehemence. They have sent a
| delegation to Washington to see to his re-
| moval. If this holy alliance really open out
in this way upon the Collector, merely on
religious basis, we think they are doing a very
Il