Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1871-03-11

lent black soil may be for producing crops.
it is certain that it is very poor material
for cattle yards. 1t is soft, porous and
yielding. The rain that falls upon it sat
urates it with water like a sponge. The
feet of the poor animals are constantly wet
and the cold SO received extends to their
whole bodies. No human being can be
comfortable with continual wet feet, nor is
itpossible long to remain in perfect state
of health under such circumstances and
the same is true, though perhaps not to the
same extent, with cattle.
\ few years ago it was found that the
horses on the New York city railroads suf.
fered greatly from pneumonia, lung COM
plants. rheumatism, and diseases Of the
hoof. An inquiry into the matter brought
out the fact that their feet were in water
for considerable portion of the time they
were on the road. This water was in some
cases produced by melting snow by means
of salt; it being found cheaper to remove
the snow from the track in this manner
than by the use Of the shovel \ similar
cause produces much sickness among farm
stock; and there can be no doubt that one
great reason why so many cattle get thro'
the winter badly. is owing to the fact that
they are rendered very uncomfortable from
having no suitable place on which to stand
in the yard.
1t requires much more food to keep
stock in even tolerable condition, in such
ayard, than would be required to keep
them in good order in a suitable yard 1t
is believed that there would be enough
saved in hay and grain in two years, in the
majority Of cases, to thoroughly pave
yard, and put it in condition to last life
time.
Flat stones laid on smooth and some
what elevated surface, will answer the
purpose nicely. Bricks laid in mortar are
also good. Plank flooring in many locali-
ties is not expensive, and is only open to
the objection of being slippery in wet
weather. Amy of these surfaces can be
easily cleaned off, and cattle can stand on
them with comfort to themselves and profit
to their owners. 1t is not necessary that
the entire yard be so covered, but there
should be sufficient standing room to ac-
commodate all the stock There would be
an advantage in having two or more places
in the yard so covered that young cattle
driven from one place can take refuge on
the other. 1t would be we'll to have such
flooring under one of the open sheds
which should be in every yard, and one
where it would be exposed to the constant
sunshine.
1t wooden pavement be used it will be
best to arrange it so as to form an undu-
lating surface, like several street tracks
placed side by side. This would afford
good drainage; and it is found that cattle
prefer such surface to one which is on a
level.-Prairie Farmer.
HINTS ON CoLTs.-1. Remember that
the early part of the life Of colt deter
mines in great measure, whether at ma
turity the animal will be highly valuable
or worthless
2. Observe carefully and early how q
colt carries his feet, his fore feet in partic
ular 1t he inclines to carry them toe
near the ground, turn him into a pasture
which has very rough surface. In this
way he will get into the habit of raising
his feet high.
3. Ii he inclines to point his toes down
SO as to make him likely to trip, he ough,
to be shod early, and the shoes should be
made thick before and thin behind, to give
him habit of raising his toes.
4. by all means use kindness and gen
tleness towards colt, so that he may be-
come docle, fearless, and put confidence
in his master.
Eggs FOR BURNs-It is CONSTANT,
coming to the notice of the observant tina,
common articles Of food are curative o.
various ailments of man-and beast too
The white of an egg applied to burn, moi
deep, gives immediate relief, because i,
keeps out the air. Dipping the burnt par
in warm or cold water, or covering il with
nour, are all efiicacious, but the burn may
be SO situated that it cannot be kent in
water; then use the white of an egg.
SALT AND ASHES FOR HoRsEs.-Those
keeping horses should, twice week, throw
In handful of salt and ashes. Mix them
by putting three parts of salt to one Of
ashes. Horses relish this, and will keer
their hair short and fine. 1t will proven,
bots, collie, etc. A little ground sulphur
mixed with salt and ashes, and given once
In two or three weeks is beneficial.
10 IRON VELVET RIBBoN.-Dampen
the under side slightly, and draw it back.
ward and forward over hot stovepipe uu.
III the velvet is quite dry. A still better
plan, is to lay piece of cotton cloth on a
hot fatlron placed upside down, and while
the steam is rising from it, to draw the
under side of the velvet tightly backward
and forward over the wet cloth.
KEEPING SAUSAGE MEAT.-Jane Bur.
ton writes: "Cook fresh sausage as for
the table, without Touring it; then put it
in thin layers in a sweet earthern or stone
pot; with gravy from running hot lard over
each LAYER. 1t will he no mod 90 II