The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-11-03

We received the following special correspondence
from Brazil, giving detailed history OF the Slavery
Abolition bill and the hnal triumph OF the cause OF
emancipation In the territory. A complete copy OF
the act is appended that the ract OF the consum-
nation OF the great work may pass record in our
columns to posterity.
RIO JANEIRO Brazil, Oct Q. 1871
ny the steamer South America. which sailed from
this port on the 9th ultimo, wrote you OF the con-
tnuation OF the Of the Imperial Legislative
Chambers, after having been three times prorogued,
and Of the continuation OF the discussions over the
Otli Tor the abolition Of human slavery In Brazil.
am now able to state that the passage OF this
bill s fdit 0oc0mpl It has become law and hence
forth no chlld can be born . slave In Brazil, even
though Its mother be . bondwoman.
Tho nnal vote was reached in the Senate on the
afternoon OF Wednesday, the 9th OF September,
and the Ill passed by o majority or SO TO 4,
showing plainly that its passage was erected in Q
measure by those who, until the vote was reached,
had opposed IT. II was known that the discussions
had become about exhausted. and that each OF the
6onat ors who chose some OF them many times
had had their Say" concerning the subject, which,
during the entire session. 70 the exclusion OF other
kinds Of business and matters Of importance. had
occupied the time OF the Senators.
the DECISIVE MOMENT AND FINAL SCENE.
The Senate Chamber Of Brazil Is not q spacious
room. yet SO far as Its cramped galleries ana the
limited lobby Immediately in the rear OF the semi
circular row 0! seats OF the Senators would permit,
the whole available space was crowded with an
Interested and anxious tnrong, eager TO catch the
last words OF debate and be witnesses OF an act upon
which Defended the peace and prosperity OF this
great South American empire In the future.
The history OF the movement Tor the extinction Of
human slavery In Brazil Involves, more or less
history OF the political aialrs Of the nation
thirty Years saoe Soss Bosaeio DE- Ansrads
SILVA ra, first SPOKE and Wrote IN advocacy
In whatever land has been established has proved
national curse ana fruitful source OF continual
Boniaco dc s,iva demonstrated the immense Ss aG
vantages, material and moral, which must accrue
TO me nation the system OF African slavery was
Introduction and permanent settlement OF white
emigrants Bat the spirit Of justice. liberty and en-
planters and slave owners were widely separated
over an immense territory. with poor facill.
ties Tor INSTRUMENTATION. Newspapers
were few in number and entirely gov.
VINO, with keener perceptions and more ennghten-
ment OF mind, would gladly have made the ex-
change from bond laoor to nee, conscious Of the
greater benefit which must result from It, saw no
feasible plan upon which to make the exchange,
and felt themselves bound to systcm and an nsti-
tuition which they would gladly have had abolished.
LEGACY FROM THE PORTUGUESE.
slavery
the land; and, since the establishment OF the en-
pre-, inc p provinces Of the Amazon and 4; sac
affected by tine system OF slave labor. wnlls
e ana the pas ns Of pHsy
seemed foremost and especially diIected 10 the pro-
lection OF the slsveholding interest. In brazil no
such Official legislation has been attempted, and the
institution has seemed 10 run its own course. solely
dependent upon the HABITS and customs which sur
rounded It, and which mad become part OF its
being
IMPERIAL JUSTICE.
To the Emperor, beyond all doubt. more than TO
any other man--nlore than to any dozen mcn-is
due the credit OF the measures which had for
msn e slavery a IN sraz man among she
rulers OF ;he earth Infinitely more than
others above reproach; WIN no liked PREF adices,
no opinion which IL Is not apparent looks to the
moral and material benent OF the nation; making
any ana all concessions which pubic opinion can
reasonably demand; remarkably simple and unos-
tentatious III all matters OF his own chooslng clear
OF head and large OF heart, with PROBABLY not par
ticle Of the spirit OF personal ACKNOWLEDGEMENT or
personal ambition; maniiesting even now, during
his European TOUR spirit OF inquiry and thirst for
It's Investigations; displaying a familiarity and
knowledge OF places and history quite surprising
ishes mankind 70 see in so great q ruler.
To this man, to Dom Pedro H.. must be
which me nav. s aSr 81 for s
OF freedom. Though the matter had been discussed
IN papers IN pamphlets and IN public assemblies
versaton, and evidently more and more and year
by year was becoming matter OF national interest,
yet nothing direct was done In O legislative way
until 1--WE ana a half years ago.
The ItaDorahy Ministry, FOR a variety Of causes,
decided by q Ministry Of which the Baran de san
Vicente was the head. This administration had not
existence or few months, unmarked ana I'M
noticed. 1t found ils end.
Tue COUNCIL OF FREEDOM
The present Ministry then came into being, with
the following nization:-PaTantras, the VS.
Ministers and Minister Of Finance Joao Aed 10
Carraa d'0iivera, Minister Of the Empire; Fran.
clsco dc pau.o Negrciras Sayao Labato minister OF
Justice; Manuel Francisco Corraa, Minister OF For
eign Anaiis; Domingos Noguelra Jaguaribe, Minis
Ter o. WAR Manuel Antonio Duarte ae. Areyedo,
Perera 40 silva, Minister OF Agriculture, Commerce
The cause 0. emancipation has now become an
anair Oh national interest Few there were who did
not feel and express sentiments favorable 10 the
project and the idea was ARMY fixed n the popu-
lar mind tnat 10 taIs session OF the Assembly Inc
nation might look with confidence that something
tangible would he accomplished
Al the opening OF the Legislature on the I'd OF May
last tue Emperor again spoke OF the subject OF eman
pason " MS speecn and suggested the almost
attention.
Tnc Ministry OF the visconde do Rio Franco Is
conservative administration, but II was determined
70 bring the matter OF emancipation Ia practical
form before the Assembly.
LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS.
Inc bill was introduced into the Chamber OF
Deputies BY Minister Pereira da SILVA on the 12lh OF
II passed this Chamber on the 2stn OF Angus, by
ayote OF OIL yeas 10 IS nays. Thence II went TO
tue ccnate, auu IN ofuer 10 give annie time for full
discussion the Imperial Legislature was pror oaued
three separate times, the Ministry Delng deter.
mined that vote should be reached previous 20
nnal adjournment.
The blu has been ably defended, and its advocates
have been prompt and untrng 10 set forth It's adj
vantages over any other mode proposed and to
answer the guestionings aud satisfy the lnvesuga-
lions OF the opposition. By 10 means, however,
have the opposition contested the passage OF the
bin 70 defeat eInancipalon but In order secure
another mode believing that the time had come for
the adoption OF some pian and anxious that W hen
the mstter was brought 10 decision the best
possible scheme should be chosen they
did net consider the bill under discussion as the
best plan, by any means They tnink the
bill does not 20 lar enough In the
good work and that more speedy and effective,
and at the same time ~ peaceful mode, mignt
have been secured. But the friends OF the measure
too strong, and the passage OF the bill became
. certainty, and rather Than have their names go