Arizona citizen., 1871-12-09


 t.-u with comparative F but few peo- E..a, ui-h a frame -. government 9 b. s.iuJely adverse 10 the aggressive uloI.s---t7,-.l --'---+------ - f.--9- vaiiad else Vfeie au territorial sys- tenn iu stern oompe itioH with those 0t Or t Britain and Spaiu. the two prIn- CID and E... Eu- L----v tJooSn cUIOn1ZerS on thls Hemisphere. The keen sense of our popular weakness led the Fed eral Government to invite European immigration for territorial settlement with the most liberal inducements. This apprehension has passed away. Notwithstanding, with great and growing population, and a Continent if not Hemisphere Tn contemplation as its ultimate domain, the grasp which the Federal Government has al- ways extended to European immigra- tion was never warmer than 1t Is to- day and its policy for the settlement of its public domain was never more liberal than now.
 The extension of licenses and other prohibitions to any part of that do- main finds no encouragement i'll this policy of the Federal Government either past or present. Licenses are necessary for the collection of revenue in certain police regulations and in some other cases. In all doubtful cases, however, like their offspring monopoly, they have been regarded as wanton abridgments of human free--s dom, not to be encouraged by ipprov- ident legislation, or nasty judicial ls.Tuctl0u
 fu the cautious spirit a-hieh tii7 suggests. the question Of lic nse III the present is to be pursuei When A,-z4,,a ..-- o-..4t' '..-t ----=f in 1888, t was aonfessedlv th7 law CT the land, applicable tJevery State east of tho Iis-i5siprl, Indian intercourse Act alrcaLy cited, o--~~- (Sec. l9L that |" Nothing in (that Act shall b. construed to prevent any traue or ln- tercourse with Indians living on lands surrounded by settlements of the citi- zens of the United States, and being within the ordinary jurisdiction of any of the individual States" This was then as much law of the United States as if 1t had been applicable and applied to every inch of the national domain. It was limited to the States east of the Mississippi by the Act of 1884, already citel, because the h. dians there were surrounded by settle ments of citizens of the United States, and because 1t was not then thought by Congress either right or expedient to fetter these citizens in their trade with the Indians or any one else. The citizen might then, as he may now there, buy the game. peltry, furs, fabrics of art, or the labor of an In dian, or with few exceptions, any thing else which he had to sell; and pay him in money, food, clothing or any other property, with few exceptions, which the Indian chose to take, without the written or oral permission of an h. dian Superintendent, Agent or any one else.
 This law was not applied to terri tory west of the Mississippi, except to Missouri, LOuisianG, Arkanas and otheT' t6fTttTV tO UfttCt uto IHeCte"t Ceteo "ee" OOc'' eetingmSbed, because the Indians there were not surrounded by citizens of the United States. The whites in contact with the Indians in the Indian country, were fur traders, hunters. trappers and others filter, perhaps, for savage than civilized association. It would seem to be very proper, that Ii these were allowed to trade with the Indians, that they should be subjected to the restraints of license.
 All laws, whether fundamental or derivative, with few or no exceptions, express along with the determination, the desire or aversion of the law-mak- ing power. To the former class belong ali laws for the encouragement of classes of labor or production, the promotion of special interests, real or personal or social improvement. To the latter class may be assigned III criminal laws, and those of civil prevention or prohibition. The results # any law ought to be and generally re foreseen and contemplated by the legislature which passes 1t.
 In Ar. w., Sec. III., CT. ?, of the
 ICONTINUFD ON FOURTH PAGF.l