The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-07-13
OR A N G. E I S M.
Its Origin and the Victories 1t
Celebrates.

Though the Orangemen espoused the religious
principles which placed william OF Orange ON the
British throne, and derive their from his title
1t was not until more than century after his death
that they became powerful organized body; not
outstanding the name OF Orangemen existed some
time before The battle Of the Diamond in the
county OF Armagh, which took place in the month OF
september 1885, led the Professionals to believe that
unless they banded together for mutual support
they would become an easy prey to their enemies,
who had formed themselves into associations under
the names Of Defenders and United Irishmen.
THE FIRST ORANGE LODGE
was formed In the county Of Armagh on the 2Ist of
September, 1895. 1t was merely society of loyal
PrOtestants. associated and bound together solely
Tor the purpose Of maintaining ana de-
tending the constitution Of church and State.
as established by the revolution of 1888.
AS other lodges were formed the society
received many adherents from the lower classes OF
Protestants. though the leaders were generally men
OF intelligence and position, and as they increased
in number, strength And confidence, took the place
of supineness and dependency IN their general
bearing. The organization was at that time con-
Quoted with so much publicity that the declaration
OF their principles was published in the newspapers.
AS Is natural In all such cases the new organization
was subject to much Misrepresentation, and oaths
to which 1t was stranger were fabricated as the
obligations or Orangemen. 1t protested to be insti-
tuted merely for defensive purposes and was IN
roduced into counties districts until after they
had become disturbed by their opponents, and was
not established in Dublin until the month OF Janu-
airy, 1898. There can be little doubt but that the
Orange lodges were OF considerable
SERVICE TO THE GOVERNMENT
during the memorable rebellion of 1885, in fact Cen
eral Knox, who commanded at Dungannon in the
summer OF that year, assured the government that
the institution OF Orange lodges Of infinite use,
and that ne would rest the safety OF the North Of
Ireland in the fidelity Of Orangemen who were en-
rolled IN the yeomanry corps. II right TO mention
that the Orange association be confounded,
as II has often enormously Deen with the disgrace
full outrages which occurred in the county of Ar
magh many years previous between the lowest class
OF Presbyterlans, under the name of Peep of Day
Boys. and the Catholics under of Defenders for
1t was not Instituted unJil some years after
latter. In May, 1891 delegates from the
Orange lodges in Ulster offered to put at the dis
posal OF General Nugent then commanding at
Ltsburn In the event OF an lnsurrectiOn invasion,
force OF 10000 men, who at four days. notice
would be ready to march under his command
to any part Of Ireland where their services might be
required. The General thanked them for the offer.
but trusted that the spirit they manifested would
prevent any instruction. On the 18th Of July in the
following year the victory gained at Aughrlm on
that day, In 1851. celebrated by a general pro-
cessi0n of Orangemen at Lurgan, which in numbers
consisted Of from 5000 100000 who carried eighty
nine stands OF colors and many elegant Devices the
whole being conducted In the most peaceful and
creditable manner. The procession was reviewed
by Generals Lake and NuGent and on the same day
the former reviewed another numerous body OF
0rangemen near Belfast.
How far the orange organizations were beneficial
to those who were members OF them il a mater OF
doubt. Even Sir Richard Musgrave. a stanch Prot
estant, and member OF the last Irish Parliament,
in his memoirs OF the Rebellion" says:-'However
useful the Orange institution NAV be in country
where tue members Of the Established Church are
numerous, II must be allowed II must have been
injurious where there but fcw because it only
tended to excite the vengeance OF the Romanists
against them: and they could not unite with celebrity
and IN sufficient numbers Tor their defence" He
also OF opinion that 1t should not be admitted
in the British army or militia, because consisting OF
both Professionals and Catholics, 1t would be likely
to create party zeal and discord These opinions
were given year or two after the rebellion Of 49,
1t IL certainly true that the Orange societies have
FREQUENTLY BEEN AGGREsSORs
in the breaches of the peace in Ireland. TO which
partly to blame for the enactment of the law which
renders illegal in Ireland all party PROFESSIONS the
carrying of party colors aud the singing OF party
songs. notable instance OF Orange aggression oc-
Cured In Dublin in the year 1922 AT the beginning
Of that year the Marquis OF Wellesley arrived In
Dublin invested with the vice regal position OF Lord
Lieutenant or Ireland. Though the Marquis should
naturally have won the approval or the Orangemen
ny his refusal to interfere in preventing their annual
celebration, still he too friendly disposed toward
the Catholics to please many OF the most bigoted.
The Catholic advocate, Mr.. Plunket, was his Attor-
ney General, while many OF the Catholic LEADERS
were cordially welcomed at Dublin Castle. These
proofs were sucent for the Orange tribunals
which sat his conduct and tue result was that
when his Lordship attended the performances at
the Dublin Theatre, the night or December a. he
was assaIed by an organized mob one Of whom
hung neavy piece OF wood and another
d quart bottle toward the state box. Three
Orangemen. mechanics arrested and
tried for the offence, but acquitted technical de-
feet of evidence; but general feeling Of indignation
was excited among Ill classes III sequence tue
outrage, and II IL questionable If OrangeIsn in Dub
I'm eyer recovered the disgust occasloncd by the das
tardly assault.
THE DAYS OF cELEBRATIoN.
Tne annual gala days OF the Urangemcn are July
me ne ~ W. ana i2t', one or tne oer o. wch they
nave been accustomed TO celebrate. Thc first is IN
honor OF the victory achieved by william the Third
over James the Second on the banks OF the Boync,
on July J. 1920. which resulted IN the flight OF the
dethroned monarch TO France, and the second In
n0nOr OF the final and decisive victory gained on
July IL OF the Following year az Aughrim, near
Athlone, when the Irish wing, under the command
OF tue French General ST. Ruth, was defeated by the
ICsIsh forces under General Cinke. An ac-
count OF each OF these conflicts will be
round below. As the contest which they
decided took more the character OF a religious
then political strife, 1t would have been far better
II the feud had been allowed to subside when the
military conflict terminated. Instead Of this the
a a fuesa hot hos.
held In great regard and as day OF
rejoicing among the Protestants OF Ireland. With
reference to the policy OF these celebrations the
Messrs. W. Il. Chambers, who certainly cannot be
accused OF any leaning towards Catholicism, state
In their Book OF Days. tnelr alluslon to this
bartle OF Boyne-"As IL gave them uhc PrOestants)
relief from the rule OF the Catholic majority. the |
holding OF the day IN arectionae remcmb. ance was
but natural and allowable. Almost down to our |
time, however the celebration has been managed !