The New York herald., 1871-11-18


purpose OF exhibiting the causes which ted TO the
great division In parties In connection with the
Tammany Society. During that war New YORK
STATE possessed many rich and influential families,
some OF whom--the tories-decared IN favor OF the
King and did their utmost to impede the progress
OF the great cause OF liberty; Others on the con-
trary, TOOK sides with tue country, vet when our IN
dependence was acknowledged they were unwilling
to connscate the estates OF the tories or TO compe
them to leave the country, although the latter had
severely prosecuted the wings. particularly IN TINS
city, during the years that 1t was In posses
sion OF the British. The wealthy and powerful
wings were decidedly hostile to the democrauc
government. They rather favored republic OF
strong consolidated character, with dictator az
| its head ana senate chosen Tor ire Iney de.
sired 10 perpetuate the nation the arstocratc
| features OF tue old. aud they ,were therefore.
unwilling to tolerate perfect democracy-in fact,
| they wished to continue many or the distinctive
features OF the Eugll n government which the ma
ton had just discarded, ana they therefore
hoped, the tories were unmolested IN
person and property, to coalesce with them.
and by their aid ana consolidation OF inter-
ests to form arty adverse TO formidable democ-
racy. At the head OF this anti-democratio party
was General Schuyler, while Governor George Chm
ton was the leader OF those who favored pure
democracv, and the two parties remained in oppo-
s1on until the adoption OF the federal constitution
In 1889.
CAUSES WHICH LED TO THE FOUNDATION OF THE
TAMMANY SOCIETY.
Such was the political aspect OF the State or New
York at the time che Tammany Society was founded.
After the establishment OF peace the organizations
OF the 'Sons Of Liberty having. as has been a.
ready remarked, gained the object for which they
associated, were olssolved yet 1t was soon found
tnat though AmerI can Independence had been ac-
complisned, the full rights OF American citizenship
ioagnt for freedom were nevertheless strongly im-
bued with the principles OF royalty, so
can rights felt convinced snat it was only
by eternal vgilance' that liberty would be secured.
federal constitution were entered INTO by one party
IN which was Jay Hamilton and Chancellor Living
Ds or q s ny
| Opposed 70 Them was the party led by Governors
Jusiice John Lansing and Meiancthon smith, wno
though not averSe to confederation, viewed the
consoidation and the erection Of an irrsspous,bIe
| power to destroy the sovereignty Of the States.
Gated with one accord by Hamilton, who had pro-
posed President and Senate Tor liIe and even the
sna % ere q and ns as oo
leagues VINO had only the year before voted against
and @ % sn ends Of POPULAR go f felt con-
vnced that Of those who had fought Tor freedom, all
THE FOUNDER OF TAAMANY.
Il was at the close OF this contest over the con-
ns
that the Tammany Society, or Columbian Order, was
Ss y oas oe that
early uay regarded the powers OF tne general gov
State governments and 10 inc common iiDe ties OF Of
tue people. "His object says the Hon. Judah
1903 .was TO Iii the country with institutions de:
signed aud men determined to preserve the just
81 H Mas ad
his care contained among other things, solemn
observation, which every member at nus initiation
required to repeat and SUBSCRIBE, that he would
sustain the State institutions and resist consolda
uon Of power m the general government,
Tammany at first became so popular that most
persons of merit In the city were enrolled IN its list
men OF both the federal and antl-federal parties,
the latter OF whom, while acquiescng In the consti
cernea deSoea 70
principles aud the doctrine or State rights 1t Will
with its cary proceedings. But wnen washington
societiesn from apprehension that their ultimate
tendency would be hostie TO the public tranquility,
| the members or Tammany supposed their institu-
tion 10 be included IN the reproof and they almost
osoSK aa n tine aSuna William
one OF Iher anniversaries which had hitherto been
regarded as holidays in iact they were reduced 50
FROM that time as ws snaii M hereafter sn9w be-
| cIple5 advocated by Thomas Jefferson.
| ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIETY.
| The Society was az we have remarked, originally
composed or men OF diferent political opinions, and
was Intended as It's nrst constitution, published
| 1zs9, expresses ITO connect In tndissolube bonds
ment to the political rights OF human nature and
the liberties OF the country" A benevolent feature
was likewise incorporated IN Its organization, and
might fully carried out well as with the design
indian forms al and ceremonies were adopted The
year divided into seasons and the seasons Into
the season OF SHOWS; March, April and May the
! Season OF Blossoms; June, July and August the
the season OF Hunting. All the transactions OF the
Society were to be dated from three eras-
an and ' the dscovsry of ~ America Dy cSa%eus
Tnus according to these rules the notice calling
Last ann,vsrsary SAL Of our national Independence was
Dated Manhattan. season OF fruits. seventh moon,
of Independence nineiy.nftn, and OF the institution
| the eighty second" waich: translated into the
the sa ocsr. % were to Be thirteen % sachems repre- @
senting the thirteen original States, to be elected
ocsy Ma % be ns DGay yho
| was to be styled Grand Sachem. This body iorms
the council which ls presided over 6y Father, and
The other oicers OF the society Scribe Secre
tary, Treasurer, Sycamore or Master OF Cere-
properly Of the society, and Wlskinskie or Door.
keeper. All the customs and ceremonies observed
have been borrowed from the aDorigine5. The
laws mention the council fire. the calumet or pipe
OF peace, and the tomahawK which they bury when
The members OF the society were originally divided
into tribes corresponding TO the diferent States.
! Otter; Massachusetts,, the Panther; Rhode Island,
the Beaver; Connecticut, the Bear; New Jersey the
| The Tlger Maryland, the Fox; Virginia, the Deer;
| North Carolina, the Buffalo; South Carolina, the
RaccoOn, and Georgia, the VOL. when members
joined the society they either chose tne ;ribe to
which they preferred to belong, or were assigned to
| one Dy the Grand Sachem; but this observance has
| now fallen into disuse.
| INITIATION OF MEMBERS
The manner OF the admission OF members Is bv
the candidates beng proposed at one meeting, elect
ed at the next, and Initiated at the succeeding. II
this order Is not regularly observed, ana the mem.
bers iSil TO appear l0r initiation Ia due course, the
question OF admission cannot be brought before the
| meeting again three months A candlata in