The New York herald., 1871-09-11
THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE.
se- ->~~~~-~~->~~>~~~--~~~-~>
The NEW EASTERN QUESTION.
"A Polish Kingdom To Be
Erected.
----~~~~>>>>~~~O~~~~~~~~~
Entente Cordiale Between Ger
many and Austria.
NIllI I-~~->-,~>-~-~-~~->~~~>~~~~ tt
UnfrlenGy Feeling in St. Petersburg
Toward Germany.
RUSSIAN PREPARATIONS FOR WAR;
Germans I'm the Hattie
Provinces.
D. . . I l.
RUSSIAN PREPARATIONS FOR WAR;
Germans I'm the baltic
Provinces.
The Austrian National System -Tlc Past o.
Poland-Ths Italian Alliance. i

Without attaching too much Importance TO late
dispatches received by Atlantic cable relative to
new European alliances, iG is evident that the pre-
sent condition of affairs on the ContinenC is not
favorable 10 continuance Of peace The relations
between Austria, Prussia and Russia have greatly
changed since the conclusion OF the late war.
Many questions, some OF which have been held IN
abeyance, are now brought forward and discussed
with energy and earnestness that Indicate action
OF some kind. The latest rum0r ID that Germany,
Austria and Italy have formed some Kind Of league
70 preserve the peace Europe but the very fact OF
this alliance II Il has TAKEN place. would argue that
other Powers entertain designs to break 1t. Tho
meetings Of the Emperors are understood. both In
Berlin ani-yienna to have political significance aud
to be the prelude policy IN which both Powers are
TO act in all respects together The adhesion Of the
King Of Italy makes tho coalition SO formidable as
to have the fate OF Central Europe entirely under s
control, II no other Powers interfere object. But
Russia Is not likely to Le, nor Is she ON idle
spectator. Her interests all lie In Central Europe,
which is the road ON which she must travel to carry
out her traditional policy Turkey and in ASIA 1t
is not possible that she Will abandon one ota OF her
pretensions, and consequently Russia has to look
tor alliances ALSO France Is ready at hand to act In
that capacity. Although considerable portion OF
yet to pay an indemnify Of vast Ano1nt, fler6 Is
every reason believe that France would not hesi
tae to engage IN an effort regain her lost prestige.
Indeed, Theirs on several occasions held out hopes
Of soon making q struggle to get rid OF present en-
cumbrances, and no one can doubt what the temper
Of all classes In France Is on this subject Nor must
Il be forgotten that In the gloomest days during the
existence of tho present National Assembly full ap'
propriatiOns were made for military and naval pur.
poses. AS matter of course, an alliance between
France and Russia has been or viii be consum-
mated, and In the nature Of the present complica-
tiOns hardly Power IN Europe, either large or
Small but must take one side or the other. 1t Is
necessary TO state that any difference between
Russia and her neighb0rs at once brings into pron
nence the Eastern question. .
DIFFEREHCEs BETWEEN THE EMPERoRs.
is now generally believed that Russia is far from
being satisfied with the position she found herself in
after the war between Germany and France. II
was considered In most respects to be like that OF
the latter country after the capituaton OF Paris.
1t is true that Russia, In return for her neutrality
aud ior her coercion OF Austria into neutrality,
obtained the desired modification Of the treaty Of
Paris Of 1856, and Is now ut fun liberty to re-
establish aud expand her naval power 10 the Black
Sea. But this Is felt TO be an inadequate cOmpensa-
ton for the increased strength OF Germany which
Of this Russia has serious differences with Germany
and Austria. The condition OF the German inhabi-
tants OF the Russian Baltic provinces has long been
source OF irritation. Tie MuscOvite government
has Tor years sought to introduce the Russian Ian
yuage and laws among these people, and the
effort has been AS steadily opposed. IL Is known
the Cabinet OF Berlin has favored this OPP
position, and, In consequence, very bad
feeling has been brought INTO existence. This senti-
ment OF hosHiity obtains generally throughout the
army, and extends to the press and a large portoh
Of the court party mr. Schuyler, the United states
Minister at ST. Petersburg. wrote not long since to
Mr. Fish:-seThe officers Of the army are SAID TO be
oearly unanimous IN favor OF France and OF war
with Germany and know OF several occasions
where toasts have been drunk to the ruin OF the
Germans.u The differences between Austria aud
Russia are OF the most serious nature. The former
Power In ITS new policy Of reconstructing the
empire on the basis OF federal nati0nali-
ties, has determined up0n the erection OF new
Kingdom OF Poland. TO this proposition Russia
smphatically enters protest and proceeds to arm
aud erect new fortifcations ON her southeastern
frontiers. This Is the chief point that brings the
Eastern question into Prominence. But as further
On the causes that have led Austria to adopt its
present policy aud to avoid complications with Ger
many will be set forth, some account ol Russian
preparations for war are given.
wARLIKE PREPARATIONS IN RUSSIA.
Il Is well known that Russia during the past year
mas been using every effort TO prepare for even'u-
siues. The Gar is represented as having been
engaged very recently. accompanied ny General
Ledo, the French Minister In exercising his armies
on grand scale, trailing whole Corps d'difaee In
the laying OF temporary railways, and generally
giving indications of military activity 1t Is said to
he Impossible not to notice that he vicntles Of all
the barracks show great STIR. hospital wagons
and camp equpage are being repaired and put In
order, The cartridge factories are numming con-
stanty turning out half million metallic shells
daily Additional orders for Gatilng guns have
been sent to the United states. The Russians have
now over three hundred of these terrible engines Of
war. The successes of the German armies have
directed attention to the vulnerable points OF Rus
s,a There are two--Poland and the Baltic pro
vipccs Polish intrIgues are more active than ever
hut the Polish question has been raised by Austria
Tne situation Is considered dangerous and what
ever alliance Russia may form thus point Will bt
carefully guarded.
GERMANS IN THE BALTIC PROVINCES
IN the Baltic provinces all the political power II
possessed by some two hundred thousand German
mobiles ana merchants who still keep the privileges
granted them by Peer the Great on the conquest 0
lne COUNTRY TO tho exclusion OF 1900 900 OF pativ
RuSSlanS VINO 40 not speak OcTuidi All "seS"P"
OF the imperial government TO Introduce the hus
sian language. instead OF the German, rs the oficia
language or to make reforms In the judicial pro
ccedings or in municipal afairs are vigorously re
sisted by the Germans, who Immediately cry ou
that they are oppressed and prosecuted Their lead
els haoitualy point TO Bismarck as their protecto
ana defender. and there Is q strong party In Gel
many which has espoused their cause. and who nov
threaten dinicultles with the Russian government
These questions have always been e7aded by Bl'
marck In the Reichstaq, but is now alleged, on goo
authority, that Germany being united aud nushe
Win victory, viii make tho Baltic question an intel
hauoha' one, and claim the Baltic provinces as par
OF Germany. The Germans complain OF their nc
'p'ous nshts being restricted and tbas the govern
ment innicts penalties on non-professors OF III
Greek faith. These complaints reached the Unite