Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1871-08-22
agricultural.
Sears On Orchdrling.

troublesome. The remedy is simple, amt
easily applied. Raise a cone OF earth''a
foot high, about your trees, wrap them
with rags. carpet edgingS, &c; OF what
is better with birch bark, OF with poplar
bark. peeled in shaving time. Ii the tree
be partially gnawed, bank it with soil
that retains moisture. II gnawed around.
and to the wood, there Is no remedy.
The borer is the great enemy to fruit
trees. The above mice remedies, are APP
plicable to the borer, rs it attacks at the
ground, and under the grass, weeds, &c,
Ii the ground be naked about the trees,
il seldom attacks. 1t lays its eggs in
August Then it may be easily destroyed.
II allowed to hatch and commence Dor
inc, follow it with a sharp pointed knife,
on copper wire. We are not aware OF
the damage it is doing to young trees.
Caterpiuers 60 and come. seemingly
At their pleasure. They may not abound
in successive years. They hatch at tree
leaving. \ gentle brush OF the hand
will Kill them when they first collect on
the limbs. This is The time to attack
them. Do not wait until they are grown.
Ii allowed to build nests, remove them
by hand to a basket; or remove them
with brush or pole. Donot bum or
shoot them oir-.it burns the limbs.
Lice aIe injurjng and even destroying
trees. without the knowledge OF consent
OF the owner. They poison the bark
and the wood TO the heart OF small limbs.
They may 0e scraped oil, but this is y
slow operation. Soap sudS--one OF soft
soap and two OF soft water-will Kill
them. 1t should be applied before the
trees leave. rs this wash may kill the
leaves, Soap is the best wash; it kills
vermin. and gives clean, healthy bark.
1t is highly manulial
Trees have suffered and are suffering
much from want OF pruning. Trees
should have no more tops than can grow
and bear successfully. With too many
limbs, trees DO not extend their tops. and
bear we'll The primer should have, at
least, two ideas, extension and bearing.
Hence, the inner and crossing limbs
should be removed The inside should
be open. But few leading limbs should /
be allowed, and these should immediate
ly throw off laterals They should not {,
be pruned too long, but should ill the
the outer and lower part of the top.
Let blossom buds remain Prunc off all
defective and decaying limbs.
Commence pruning with a jackkniie in
the nursery, or 1T transplanting, and
from the top as above directed. Do not
allow limb 20 grow so tina. it must be
taken off when large. This has proved .
the death of our old orchards. Prune .
yearly-not too much in one year.
The spring is the worst time for prun.
ing. The sap willAow from the wounds,
and canker and kill the bark below. The .
wounds DO not heal readily, and are
liable TO yot The sap. in its flow. will
throw cut innumegable suckers near the .
wounds The primer cannot then dis
tinguish between thrifty and unthrilty .
limbs.
June pruning has its advantages and .
disadvantages. The wounds heal readily,
and few or no suckers start. The remain.
inc lyuit will hang, and be large and fair.
The primer can see what limbs should be
removed There is danger OF injuring
the tree with hard boots The sap Is
active, and much pruning Is injurious.
II the sun is let in on timber limbs they
may be injured.
Fall prunius-Octobcr or Noycmber-
i, the best time 10 prune-cspecialIy in
old trees. The sap is mostly at rest, and
the wounds become dry and sound.
Wounds then made never lot. But few .
suckers start the next spring. 1t i then
q leisure time. The large limbs can be
Sledded for fuel, and the snow VIII set.
tie the thornS and small limbs ont OF the .
way OF the Sythe and rake the next sea.
son.
All cultivated vegetation requires heat
and light, some more than others. of
fruits, the grape perhaps the most. No I
fruit succeeds well in the shade. The (
apple requires large amount of heat .
and light Tor its growth and naturation.
Hence, open orchards produce better
fruit. No forest trees should throw their .
shade within six rods No bushes or
luXmiant vegetation should grow in an
orchard. We know OF trees shaded near. /
~ to their butts 10y forest trees. that bore
very sparingly--not even by grating
with the best bearing varieties.
The soil about lruit trees should be not
only Tree from shade trees, but should be
denuded OF all vegetation. Fruit ices,
however, form habits which should not
be too suddenly disturbed. Nursery
patches where trees stand close. and
very thick. and thick-set orchards have
been destroyed 10y cutting out half or
three quarters OF the trees. If they had
best be lhinued do it gradually, not
suddenly.
For the base of cement, take tour
pounds of fine roSin. and one or two
pounds OF purc beeswax We used one
pound OF wax, rs we used five or six
hundred pounds OF cement per year.
For first of April use two pounds OF tai.