The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1871-10-05
THE GRAM TRADE.
Old and New Methods Of Measuring-The
Number ofLaborers Required-Thc In
novation Of Machinery.
From the N. y. Eocning Post.

r.,,u o., ~ v rr,n,,o Post A.,
"''"'-''' ,la-,
By the present system OF handling
+" iD the bulk" instead OF the former
?" bag and hslf-bushel process, one
hundred bushels are weighed at q time
the scale-hopper being situated directly
underneath the receiving hopper, both
of which are fitted with suitable dis
charge valves, the former having rate
of about hundred bushels per minute
and the latter twice that amount. The
rule for measuring is an allowance pei
bushei OF sixty pounds 1or wneat, nrty.
SIX each for corn ana rye, tnirIy-.wo tol m
oats' iorty-eigh' Ior Darley anu siA'y iol
peas
&c cneck the Welgnnas'eel ia e ~ us tal,
i,es q rePreseHtallve Oh tne ooa' vi yessel
eiscnarsins y Is Always P.eseno, anu as .
iuIoner chech an inIaiiioie iesisIer Il
su.aTSy suau, Th;n aoseu ,: upIn 0 .ne .s soa,e
oeam; ihis p1lent iletie uesioe lesen-
oies Cue oiooh shapeo n'e,aino S oaionie'ei
uSgu oy me1eoroiogical opseiteis,
r1rmer,y 6ne CUSTOM was W ,neasurt
oy .ne nal- ousnel' ~ aooon pleI .nis
large ,orce OF iaporeIs was empioyeu
iu snovelihg Ine gram 10 one na.onways y
al Passing tne empty measures 70 m the
sSllher' anu agaln ii1n n,u W ent
oassels anu SEWERS whlie 1S anoInel ioroe a1
n.l was oGshy ehpioyeI :ns :a.:u ~ .ne
ple1nolio pags anu nUisc 'ne s"he
upon %h 'ne oock OF vessei ueok.
J.. ne .,: s!riker was 50 naineu' % loI iroLl
ms Puglilstic tenoenc,es, ouo rom III.
na!uie :, oi ms 1uty, wrioi o1uststeu iss leu % y
serihihs UT ieveii,hs on eaon naii- p9sle ,.
measure tnat tne quah'ity shouio pe
exact .........
Previous to 1859 this post was TILED
by negro, but the strike at that time
by the Irish laborers against the eleva-
tor system deprived Othello OF his occu'
patton. The size, shape and make OF the
strikers rule or scraper was prescribed
by law, as was a'so the manner OF his
using 1T, one-thlrd down and two-thlrd'
up being the rule.
Previous to lS49-under an act oi
May IA, lS4O-the weighing OF gram
here was matter OF State appointment
and supervision. A Encouragement
with his twenty deputies, was equal tc
the trade requirements. This law re-
quired an annual report OF the number
OF bushels measured by the several dep
uties, whence received, the amount, al
well as the destination OF shipment
monthly and yearly average prices, and
other particulars. ......
In compliance with this old law, all
grain was sold by measure and not by
weight, for which the balance scale was
used long time and until the lntroduc'
tlon OF the beam scale, such as Is now
USED 10 weign COTTON. 10 ascertain the
quantity OF wheat allowing SIXTY pounds
TO the busnel' IL was then customary te
tally OFT lots OF fity bushels, taking from
them each nai1-Dushel, ana Weighing
tne same py pounds ana ounces. Inis
weigheo pusnel was tnen deemed tne
average OF tne one nundreo measured
ana tne quantlty OF the entlre cargo oe'
came question OF lengthy mathematl'
Cal caiculation. ;, -,
ohoer tne Dag ana nan puShel system
.welVe hours constiuteu ine working
uay. NOW steam ana machinery WORE
on until the TASK is nnisned: DIX hund'
req ousneis per hour 1or nVe nours, OF
S'VUo ousneis, was cohsiuereu Booo
nall-oay WORK taOugn tne average PEI
uay was oeiow o'9oc ousneis' So" tht
elevator uisposes Oh o'ooo ousneis PEI
hour from the poat, screens' weigns
Diows IL at tne same tilhe, anu oePos,t'
u III tne warenouse. comparing tns
olu Iaci!ities Oh o,vVo @ ousheis per tel
nours WIN tne oo'ooo pusneis capaciIy
70 nanoie AZ tne present oay, we eoe easli.
ueuuce ar increase ot nearly ouo PEI
cen'' ce III ia'or ., ihacniheiy. VI oa1s
ooo oushels ooe per hour was ene average
uut w pushels nave oeen "eigheu .,
'h9 oio system: yaeo 800,
FROM lo3o 10 dooi tne weignlhs let
was reouceu 10 oo cenos' oS Ine s1riKer m re-
ceivins i|a oehIs per ioo ousncis. ~
shoveiieis si anu o'ner men were pa1o os
.ne oHnsis hees aeoclus ~ ,n a. 20 ane
supply reg "ia,eu ~, ~ oenIS, 100 L's oehSs
OF may % 10 Genus per too ousneis '
coneI.mes, p .noGsh iarety, INC ineaSure'
iu1 1niSneu one VI 'ne Iaoo,
a;.;oa .e ~ 'nei1 meao lbnOST - Inv, M
u,'aon "a " .ne o.l,A. "nu ohU a. 'nie q
~ sS na1 s,inS. VI 1r; Nv mnose Ivy ~ ~ Ias h =
snovei vi S1it: stiM Sn1 oaigo ~ 'ne ;st naten
Oh aaroanad % S TbIp foorae,
- .ne sa.n We. was soeene 90 - II; 500 ~
1asss'1 waS rur1 WIZ WIZ S,e ~ ponond;n n .aor
"". u, u wao ~. on,om, .bo pIns i upoii
Sussy eay " i1lno1o .h. III hiom, "aa moi,
no~ psi.otteee ptt e py ;no 0ims p,otes =.
,u.o -, Ve oNou 49,, u vIo 80 80 e 81 ~ y
| a. La'f hr.boi .JoS ,soanr ~ "'eJ han - ' te'
90 .n nauoar nao narformad nnon VIZ tha deo, I
o Of tha Is; %a; aossaI hnt e soroenei @ Si
snS hsaoed aise mncb narrorsr . 'Sae, s;aU,
was ssu soa a 90 fso;i;tsta tha f;I,;na .ve am'
was ereefsd mnch after the manHsr =, q