davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican journal., 1871-03-23
- = - $50
Marrow Gauge Railroads.
BY HORATIO SEYMOUR. JR

| In 4 report upon narrow gauge rail
roads, read before the British Associ;l-
ton. by MIR. Farlie. he says: 1t ought
to be engraved upon the mind OF every en-
ginecr, that every inch added to the width
OF gauge beyond what is absolutely nee
cSs;try tor the traffic, adds to the cost OF
construction, increases the proportion OF
| dead weight, increases the cost of work
| ing, and i'll consequence, increases the tar
| ills to the public, and by SO much reduces
the usefulness of the railway" He
| further adds: Gin moderate, temperate
climates, gauges of feet inches will be
found ample for any traffic in any part
of the world, and will sustain a speed of
80 miles an hour, while feet is sufficient
| for either very hot OF very cold climates,
and will sustain speed of 40 miles an
hour"
| The authorthen went on to make COM
parison between the North Western rail
road, of England, the best managed road
in the world, as it now is, feet 8 II
inch gauge, and what it would have been
had it been made a feet gauge, proving
| that there would be saving of one-hall
in the expenses of running the road
| apply the same reasoning to Ameri-
can railroads, both as to the making and
running them.
take the feet gauge, both because of
the severity of our climate, and because
the time that can be made on it compares
favorably with the time made on our fast
est road
The chief difficulty of building railroads
is their cost; and this difficulty hinders
the making Of roads which would pay
well if they were built.
1t is rarely that we find a road being
built and equipped for less than 1913 900 or
1914, 900 per mile, a rate at which a road 80
miles long would cost a million of dol
lars; large sum ofmoney for a commu-
nifty to raise, and capitalists are not wont
to invest such sums in an enterprise, which
taking two or three years to complete,
will only after it is running, bring them
at the most per cent. interest.
But if we can build road which has
equal capacity with any other, both for
carrying freight and passengers, upon
which equally fast time can be made, for
60 per cent. of the cost of the 4 feet 5 -
gauge, and its construction shall be such
that after it is built it shall cost but half
as much to run it, the difficulty in raising
money is in a great measure removed.
| will show that the 3 feet gauge makes
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
' ,Elr9va YItRs aHf fN NsnD
 The .JeMs In IerlSaIem.

V In Jerusalem; ;rast in Rome and else where, ,ythe Jews areshuts up sina sepaSa ate quarters and t1ot ti7el naeanestg dark est, iilthiesh. sl One twiightaT came Aull- expected into their settlenent. It was s mud lane, lined with 'lH6veas, through which a. fnneual procession was slowly
 annvihgb the body boRne on men s shoal- aegs in the dress; of difes Q perfect latter; demalicn crew wailingi as they Followed Coming tothetEhad ofRromise to die, many of them are robbed on the oways and ian are preved .upon1 aftsfsq they ar fiye'y 70 that, i' Appfehendyb nothing is
 mohereah about them than their wretchi 'sddesGw They have no iconsals tooin- terfere when a tax is exacted the second time in the saane year.g If Hiinjufedj they
 mustisufDaoin aileuce ;Iiif piunde dered by
 Arabs,i theyvhays no1 hopsoo of recovery.
 Only conversiOn would hnakeIe them ioutwurdly comfortable, and that they hate as perditionab Generonsi help Is
 constantly sent them fromnIa abroad, but
 none two much, though the anausing
 story is told of Sir Moses oM6htefofe having spent all his money in aims at
 Jerusalem, and being obliged to borrow
 at usurious interest from onei'o the
 beggars he had relieved, that he might
 get back -toi London. alslF 1Wss H6sskapd, h Ltgpdidca's Mdgosias. .d!iW ,ydto1oa ' ga4 V IL T sfH4 "a
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
A SIeepless Secretary set

The following is toldof Sir Evan Ns. pean, formerly under Secretary of State of Great Britain: 31s' 'pie2 'h..i ''.,' '. "
 One summer night 9he was affected with an unaccoun table sleeplessness aHd, being quite weary, of lying awake, he got up, dressed, and went out at three o'clock, A. M. 9strolling aitnlessly, more from dAily habit than any thing else, down to the home office. Entering his private room, his eye caught the follow ing entry in q memorandum book: si , "A reprieve to be sent to coiners or. aered for execution at York. ''io' 4 ~ : Although he' e'knew that he had done his own part ,of the business, he was seized with nervous uneasiness, fancy ing that perhaps tic other people had not done theirs. The feeling was So strong upon him, that he called up the chief clerk in Downing street, who said he had sent it to the clerk Of the crown, whose business it was to forward it to York Ta 2oHi '..ll ?. ' i',','-s '.' .,,,,;,
 aBut have you the receipt and oerti; dti ficate that it is gone r ,dsaa5 i.3 ,'I bst \ ~9hsn lesAaas let is go at once to his hy,i house in Uhancery Lane. D s'il s'll " a, ''as,N |a They dif B6,, and found him stepping into his gig for { holiday. s He had for; [gDtton the reprieve, and left it locked up, m9 his desk. Theheetest express pro, curable was 'daispatched and ,reaclhed York inst as the sea eonsdepnea sa nan Yas sB
 C01inR UnS SyS9 Sqh %o,y ot fSofs1ta tr9s s3'
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
Destruction of the Walrus.

! "A correspondent of the Nov Bedford sSStaMdard furnishes HtheA following For the past three or four years tue North Pacific whaling fleet have been taking walrus in the mohkhs pf July and .Au7 rust, as the whaleH in fhbse monEhsN go Into the ice and ae0and Point Barrow out of the reach of whalemen. During
 all the years from 1849 to 1867 the whale
 men had let the walrus alone or taken Q
 very few. In 1868 few ships com
 menced taking walrus, and did quite
 well, securing from 200 to 600 walrus,
 and destroying half as many nege. ra h
 1869 large number Sf ships were en-
 gagged in the business, Ehpt in 1870 the
 whole fleet (with two or three exceptions),
 sswent in' and took all they could. Pro- 'bably not less than 50, ,000 female wall
 rus, with their youngs swerea killed and
 destroyed. Y TAe pastiyaar three.fourths
 of the fleet wexe engaged in the fbusi- ness, ttthe walrus were shy nahdI idar
 into the. ice, and they did not do asswel.
 Shipmasters had to send their boats, 20 and 25 miles to find them.yas l3anRo ,,l The Arctic walrus arc nearly all fe- males, who go into the Arctic in the Summer months to bring forth andnurse their young. which the mothers are very fond of and attached to- They will never forsake their young, but will take them in their hippers and hold them to their breasts, even when their destroyers are putting their sharp alances through and through them and khe blood strean- ing from every, sade, uttering the most heartrending end piteous. cries, and 50 until they die, and then the little ones must starve, unless the whaleman can thrust his lance through it and send 1t to the bottom. This is one of the most cruel occupations that Il know of, and many humane whaleman has felt guilty and turned aside as he did it. The wal rus average about twenty gallons of oil and four pounds of ivory.e gglFsY3 34l
 i, But the worst feature of the Ebusiness is. that the natives of the entire Arctic shores from Cape ThaddeusS in the Ana dir. Sea-, to the farthest point North, a shore line of moro than a. thousand
 miles on the West Coast, with the large island of St. Lawrence, the smaller ones of Diomede and Kings islands, all thick ly inhabited, andour own coast of Norths ern Alaska, are now almost entirely de- pendant one the walruB for their food clothing, boats and -dHellings. Twenty years ago whales were plenty and easily caught, but the whales have been de stroyad and driven North, 90 that now the natives ssldon get a whale. q This is | sad statS of things for them. and ot en' Several captains lately arrived home have, told me thatathey saw the natives, 30 and 70 miles from land eon the iice, trying to catch walrns to eat, and were living On the carcasses of those that the whalenefl had killed. s5oa o..i sa'g5'l ta = !
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
The Kew Year.

"We take no note of time but from its loss. The years come and go, and we mark then commencement and their termiIiation, the one following hard upon the other. Whether we have been immatsed in cares and duties, or whether we have experienced vivid pleasures, or whether the time has passed So quietly that we have taken but little notice of it's flight, we have yet gone once more through the round of months, and again the New Year comes up to claim it's place in the coming history of the days that are to be.
 In the short interval that comes be- tween Christmas and the New Year we have an opportunity of reviewing the past and anticipating the future. We pause, and look backwards and forwards. We look before and after, and pine for what is not 2 fgff2 eA2
 Perhaps this is so, or perhaps we. re- joice in the attainment of some object we have desired. There are a few peo4 ple--we wish there were many-who can say that they have reached the summit of their ambition. It was our chance to meet with one of these fortunate people the ether day, and she said IT am NeAJ huPPy uhNo tTytullS WlSO for. It does one good to hear now and then of person whose utmost wish has been gratified. We trust that among our readers there are some to whom the Old Year has been thus bountiful. There are no doubt others who will have to say of the passing time,
 He gave mo friend, and true, true-love. And the New Year will take them away
 Let us hope that in such cases as these the New Year will not only take away, but will give also will give abundantly, so that it shall be remembered more for it's gifts than for what 1t has taken. Let us all turn to it with apticipations of better things in the time that is to come. We hope that the new leaf which is to be turned over will make a wonder ful, difference in the style of the chapter that is about to, be written. Of course we are sure that in many instances it will not, but the present is season of looking forward with hope and confi- denoe, and we would not spoil pleasant articipations by any gloomy forebodings. For our readers, and for all those who are dear to them, we wish Happy New Year in the fullest and best sense of the phrase. ptfass.f- f{8iy Frtia 7,-5z nf tjs-G br
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22

aq AN INTERPRETING sSALH v7Then1 farm called Hazel Plain in Rsinceq William county aVAs 4better knowniasithe Chinns farm1, containing five hnndred end fifty acres, belonging to B. IT, Chinn, was spld for eight dollars per tacre,.to Mrs. Mary A, Downman, executrix. This farm is, portion of the plateau ,upon which were fought the, first and second
 battles of Manassas. {, When75the war commenced it was under ahigh state of improvement, and theb dwelling house
 upon it was one of the finest, in this sec-
 ton of the State, but war devastated it,
 and the open fields, and the young pines
 and shattered mansion all now bear aevi-
 dence, to the bloody conflicts iof which it wRs. the sceas.- Mqr4estoa Ns,cs. ti 7@l
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22


 THssCvarousQ Some people gre fond of puzzling ever etfieus items, and for theebeAefls7 7ef kll dshohl persons sth6i fol! lowinEconunafuins0r riddle of puzzle IS insartsd among therecofdsf of Shs fead1 ing1r6oln. sIntheaffst place, an i1npos- sibHity rsmdssIobe' supposed possible. namely, 4haka man thifty1five years old nna1ries agifl of i've, which makes the groom seven times as old as the bride When the girl isE ten years old the man is forty,r and four times as old as His wife whsn she ifs fifteen the man is fortyaAve, that Ia 1lifee times aas old. Whep shs' Is thirty, the man Is sixty, that is twice as old as his wife, and now will somebody be gocd enough to ascer- tain how loOgltAey have to hve together to make the girl as old as the man It is just barely possible that an answer to this question Is aso impossible as the hypothesis on which the whole thing is based. That is for the curious to ascer- tain, however.h h All answers should be sent Co the 06aeeo6f the San Francisco BaHesse,J and the successful individual, whether by actual experiment. or rot, is unimportAnt2 viii find his or her name recorded in the obituary column of the aforesaid journal dai ffa9 nh a@ ta2@
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
DOmestkcating BufHalOes.

lam native An1e{1can, writes a cSr- respondent, and iustay proud of my leountry, so far asstherek is anything to be proud of, and btag without worth IS more damaging than We sometimes think. The western farmer needsS cOrrecti0n when he claims more than his due. Now, in the matter of domesticating the buff falo, of utilizing this raw material, oi working this vast field of wealth, what does the farmers say? If you ask him, Will the tanning of the buffalo pay he almost universally says he thinks it will. Butswhydon't he undertake ita | We'll, he's agoih to, as soon ss he kin come round to it ;Nthe iarm'si sd big, &and moneys so scarce, and times is so hard that he hain't had opportunity yet, but he's agoin' to-"
 But the experiment. is being tried, and s0a far as know any thing of it, with success. I know of; some buffalo, for bison, heifers and bulls, two years old, getting fat under conditions that the native stock suffer from. The fact is the buffalo will fatten easier, De worth more in hide md flesh, can be cultivated into q good milker, and will be kind and gentle. But the difficulty of taking the calves retards the process somewhat they are kept in the centre of the herd, and m all cases of danger the bulls flank the herd. To capture them it is neces- saryi to break through the hankers, through the ranks of cows to the calves, and then, riding at full galop, either lasso them or catch them by the tails, which stick straight up in the chase, and upset and tie them. But why don t they trap them? you may ask. Because they have no traps which insure the lives of the calves. A pit-fall might, do to get buffalo steaks, but the life and limb ot the calves would be greatly endangered, and, of course, the ealYes only must be taken. The old fellows are too, stiff in their prejudices for open prairie free dom. It is a problem yet. unsolYed. The Spanish fever, brought up by the Texas droves last summer, has depopu. lated the country of the DurHams, and Devons, and Jerseys. Milk and butter is. scarce beef is, plenty, such. as 1t is, but one who has tried . Texas steak from g acreature which has exercised its muscles over a 1,2OO mile journey sighs, for 2 tender, juicy bit of, good sirloin,, ,, Some thing must be done, to sreplenish oul stock. Those who pretend to know say bufalo is preferable to Texas cattle, and I have an idea that the tanning of the creature is an enterpSise which will, neXtt year and ding years, receive such al Impetus as will soon place, it among ths legitimate endeayprss of the western furv,o A. Eftt4si tt'tA i f' att''N ''At ~ N
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
] 9aIYff 9jIlI ,YafOI0tI JIUE N, JU
 Gambling Hells In New York.

According to, the estimates of police officials, based on reports and special in- formation colected in the discharge of their duties, there are at least 2OO gam bling hohses in New York. and at least 2, 800 persons Of known bad character make their Hvings through, conn ec ion as 0wnets,' packers, dealeFs,, ropers and servants, m with these illegal establish lments HTHeo number Of S victims, aI Who Isil, large criminal class Lives cannot we'll be calculated ; bqt,s.m view Of the extravar gant habits of the gambler, and the great expense of main taining the houses,
 the victims are at least fifty, times as numerous, as the thieves. Doubtless the aggregate losses of more than, s10O,- 900 dupes contribute to the support of s Toss of ths, haiisg are located over stores to which ladies and children re- Sort for purchases, and in entering and
 leaving are comp elled to face the insult ing stare of imp rtinent, hashily dress
 ed gamb blers who. lounge about the. en- trances.l They are for this reason ,prac-
 ica1ly ndisances in the eyes of business
 men, and as such ought to be abated by being suppressed, q z. Down town town tbe a ash91ls are often found on the same floors with the offices of respectable dealers and professional men, and the
 customers of these are compelled, ], in, en-
 tering and leaving, to risk having their
 pockets picked by the frequensers of the ,iHh heits, " for these gamblers by protesr
 siion. are thieves by V nature, and often
 Desperate burglars by necessity. s.yE r. " Many of the principal and several of
 the worst gambling houses have {. day, 2 2 or < Sdown-town, n games for the accom- ,modation land rpinl of the merchants whose iinfatuation for gaming leads them
 to neglect business for g few hours of the
 ths essspaer si boys of f' merohants haa ssse are drawn into these places, and lose large amounts. of what they have probably apregioaualy k stolen st from o'la employers'-N'
 X. &V6T. ,,; at;sln lesrs F -fa ,sf.i f,q t6i.t.
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22

--sN- -
 j, j, DRAINING LANDe.--Henrv Taylor, san English farmer, who had drained many thousand acres of land, gaze his lvidW. to the Farmers Club eon, b this subjectr Draining should be deep, four feet at least deeper would be better. On heavy lands, 20 feet apart would be prop CT; on lighter lands 66 feet might do, Draining, lands, infested with, Couch grass woT1d Fid 3 them ef that As weed in 1 sv9 s into the ditch in . wet state, or the drains would not act the earth would consst tdate, and he had known two years
 to e1aspse before any benefit assured !;
 while if Efhe earth was dry when replaced the drains would act at, once. Tiles ,shonld be large enough to carry of the
 water with faeiIitysooH full, the few
 was retarde The cost of draining in
 England was frem $25n to $40 per acre,
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
Farm. .Garaen and Heusahela..

"A CmrAN -CuRE, FOE. EAR-AcHE.-N0 house should De without bottle of ar snics. ssIt is indispeDsahle in case of outs, burns AndDbruisea, and in eafsashe tt is n soyereian cure. As soon as any sore ness is felt in the eare+Mhich, feeling Al- mest always precedes the regular ss ache Id fhree or four drops of tincturef of arnica be poured in, and then the oriflce filled with little cotton to exclude the air.g and in a short time the uneasiness Is
 fofeotten.l If it is not resorted to until Hhere is aStnal pain, the cure may not be 50 speedy, bnt isjuss as certain. IT one appfication of the arnica does not effect aacure, it will be necessary to repeat 1t,
 itsraay be several times. aItis sure pre- ventive for gathering in the ear, which isthe usual oause: of ear-ache. We have never vet known any harm or serious in ecnyenience to attend this use of arnica; though, if the spirits with which it is made are very strong, 1t may be diluted with 6 little water, as the spirlts-not the arnica-will sometimes cause tenn porafy dizziness of the head, which IS unpaeasant. y'ac is'a < l# 3f '4'1ii'& < T yarf,ffi ,s,rft4 gf4s44s sjaF e.tli,l4.t . .f
 sRA1srEa CAx.vzs-The method which we have used in rearing calves may be found to possess some interest to readers of ,the Rurul, Ness .Yorber. With us it hes. -,proyed uniformly successful and satisfactory. b The calxes are selected as
 much for the good qualities of their dams as for their individual excellence,
 and are allowed, to remain with the COW from two to three weeks. We never re- maTe q calf in bitter cold weather, as its welfare, depends, in, 2 great measure upon the start it gets; and If it iswerth rais. ing at all, it is worth giving Q geod start.
 At first it is. offered warmb skim milk. This 1t, generally refuses the first meal,i and sometimes the ssecondg gfbut rarely ofteners1 We never allowothem to suck fhe finaeFs.y ands save lManyfaa cold and aching handsri ThAy readily learn ito drink by ithemselyes, ithexehy thkiving naufsh 6etteryY and cOsting bmnch less feouble. As soon aSt poSsihler8 tfstlo
 bran is mixed with the skim milk, and shortly afterwara thick milk is substitute eA flor thetskiin milk. s The quantity is inofeaaed until the calf receives about five equartaof milk and ., pint of mealfa
 day. !Waausd equal parts of bran and
 ceru mea2 asr cornIand oats C The drink iss alWays Marme1s sdn cold weather by nosxine wikhqh hot water! Ie Calves fed in
 this manner, amd having plenty of good hsHS will weigh from 500 to b6O pounds ahmiQht ganonths oldse1 They are then weanels and continue to thrive on good haH and rrasn alone, the sheifeFs having a zea1frU&atheir ownnti 2 ofi23fmunths ola and being fully ablefto do so This Inekhod ,is used on an ordinary farm, with 1medinm sixedj good milkings m. live and aaelcattle.s no yi9acoft o1eii'
Connecticut western news., 1871-12-22
0 Behind the Mask. ?

A singular change has come sofidte over the facenof Spring which wpulH be an old remaxk at this wintTy, E6i3eEy lime Of the year if Tmeant theseason in- stead of iny doE. hays b4ena Iona while absent from the old house, and Up. op my returns this evening, tke brisk brown tail that once gyrated in such g spasm of glad welcome, wagged most feeble greeting. The dog bounded not as of yore to my very shoulder, nor wheel ed about me in, ecstatic circles. There was a welcoming wriggle still, but not the old, abandoned, unksmpt fusy.
 But as the dear fellow slts syonder near the andirons, there is a tender lookin his dark eye that tells me. quite as well as the former agony of joy, that bis cup fdnneth over with the happiness of my coming back '' His front is' to the fire, but his small, fine headiis cooked on one side while he watches me with full con. tent. ii And 1T as l. looked into that frank face of his. eyery line of which is as fa- miliar to me as my own, I notice the change of which I spoke. ea. saw ''
 h The hair upon his forehead is turning white, two lines ofsray run downeven to the point of the nose, and there is . look of age about his features about his whole bearing indeed--Ghat I never no Gced before. 'stF r.Dd 3o oaF3no
 When one comes to think of it--as terriers go, Spring is an old dog Many 8 summer has shed it's leaves since we laid his mother in her narrow tomb "a queer little African circus-dog, she-- about half Springs size, and with hide es n1ns1 for the half-dozen gray hairs that stood erect on her head, imparting an air oi wise and sprightly yenerab eness--and the scrimpy tuft at the end of her tail. And Springs companions have likewise fallen away from him, one by one, leav- ing himato his solitary path and fireside solitary save for human teympathy and cheer. Zoo was thc1 lAst1ft go-thai genial animal, the tradition ofwhose ear- 1y, ,corpulenee still in thin old age hung about his shrunkensides rendering every movement nreplets rwitk vdignified t1n. Wieldiness, liaI9gI2 pd 5ifd b9aB9l8 .t9ifS1
 The strangests part of this change in Spring is the oldsyoung look He seems like boy with. his grandfather's specta- cles and wig gbarI cannot reconcile the gray hairs and dweary movefne ents with the atmosphere of youth that tremains. His yeunE soulo surely is Inasquefadings in this ancient gnises But cansee through the domino, ,a my dog !T You may mol know othat you are fweaning any you w6nf7er, IVthink,5 at the Jinwonted filn, over, the clear vision, oat the invisible bands that bind those 1.-the, and willing IimhstoN hlIipW '' :3neBf 9F1}9fApa gHi1 What have the miitatiSnsG of time, the cheanicrlaws, to do with thefs of ns. {; fs He who l0pes is in no c0hditioh old. \ Spring, my dear fellow, do you love yoai mastersa 9r;Gfpt ssw sd 7ol1~ 9i CT ''ei' There, there itlas will ldo.o you rascal, Down, say!ti Down !oh 1io9a ! ', '. 7.