davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
Cheap Ocean Passage.
We clip the following very sensible
suggestion from the New York San !.

We clip the following very sensible
suggestion from the New York San
One Of the wants of the age is &C
commOdatiors for persons of moderate
means who desire to cross the Atlantic,
and who are neither able 10 pay the
price of frst.olass passage nor willing
to endure the discomtorts Of the steer
age. For such people there is at pre-
sent no medium between two extremes.
They must either waste their money in
Injuries which they do not desire, or
60 without the ordinary decencies OF
life. The result is that they stay at
home, and refrain from attempting the
voyage altogether. 1t would seem that
some Of our transatlantic steamship
lines might find it to their advantage
to take passengers at. say $40 to $50
each, giving them plainly furnished
cabins and state-rooms and food which
should be clean and wholesome, with
out emulating the wasteful extrsva-
gance now INDUCED in In the first
cabins The experiment is, at al
events, worth making, and we hope tc
see it made soon.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

gsnize your associations Choose your
committees and see if this combination
cannot be broken up. Strike terror in
to the breasts of these contractors; keep
the thing moving. A bigger fraud than
Albert Gleason never lived. He could
not offer to pay the laborers more than
$l 25 per day because he wanted to
support two or three fast teams to ride
about with.
OVER l 600 operatives are employed
10 the Elizabeth manufactures, and
5000 are soon to be added to this mum
Der by the Singer Sewing Machine
Company and sllk-weaving establish
ment.
THERE are S45, 446 males employed
in the coal mines of Great Britain, and
it is estimated that at least 1927 .23O
persons are directly supported by the
coal interss of that country:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

st per cent. advance or reduction in
their wages. In December coal was
selling at $2.174. Let the reader take
243 per cent. off the scale OF prices
above mentioned and he will see what
wages the men of Schuylkill county
struck against. Low as were these
prices but few had steady employment
and so great had become the coal glut
in the market that fully two'thirds OF all
the individual operations would have
had to cease within q week or two It
the suspension had not been ordered.
In the middle coal6eld, the wages being
paid were satisfactory both TO operators
and men, except in that part OF them
operated by the Lehigh Coal and Ma
vigation Co. Now. rs above stated
the Lackawanna men return at ss cents.
the Wyoming men are being paid the
wages asked by them-sll honor to
their employer, Mr.. Charles Parish
The Lehigh G. & N. Co.'s men 60 back
at 80 cents instead of IS cents . car,
as offered by the company, and the
schuylklll men 60 back on a basis OF
$2.75 at Port Carbon, with q sliding
scale of one cent in every three up as
far as the price Of coal may go. and
down to 1925
The following table will give an
idea Of how this basis principle works ;
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
THE INTERNATIONAL IN RUSSIA
BY C. OSBORNE WARD.

SIR.-My correspondence to your pa
per on this feared and fated, yet ever
recuperating and cOnciliating organiza-
tion-the international Association of
Workingmen, having been interrupted
by the excess of my labors for its Or
ganizalion in America, cheerfully re
sumo, at your kind invitation and my
first opportunity, and propose to state
facts, most of which can vouch for, as
part Of my experience with il, direct
and Indirect The present letter must
be indirect as l was unable, while in
Germany, to visit Russia, although /
bad some opportunities for learning the
developments.
The history Of Russia is constant
repetition of sentiment which forms the
uLimatum of the International. His;o.
risns must wade deeply into the musty
archives of that great nation, and Dor
row from dubious tradition to prove a
period when the procticed idea in Rus
STA was not far more enlightened than
our wretchedly monopolizable civiliza-
ton here; and the want of develop
ment upon this idea is owing almost
entirely to the virtual slavery this prsc.
ticed idea was held under, by an outside
aristocIatic pressure, foreign from it
both in race and language. l speak Of
the Russian Communes. A large por-
tion of the. population Of both Russia
and the United States were liberated
from bondage simultaneously. The
Russian slaves, (Serfs) the original
owners and peaceful occupants of that
territory were farmers; they had no
towns Of great size; they had trimes-
trial fairs which served as media of in
terchange instead Of stores their laws
were applicable to the country in gen
eral, though the cOmmunes which ap-I
piled them were distinct and different,
90 that manufacturers Of cotton in the
communes of the departments of Vlad-
inir, or elsewhere in the interior, in
bringing goods to the cOmmunes of the
frontier found no variations in the law
to vex their barter the lands were their
own, owned only in common individu-
al possessorship was abhored, as the
the sordid barbarism Of the outsiders
fixed merchants, bankers, brokers, and
individual corporations were unknown.
The commune consisted Of a piece of
land more or less large, which was ap-
portioned to number Of individuals
the number being guaged to the amount
Of territory in the commune. These in
dividuals worked each his own appor-
tionment Independently, though rota-
tive custom has always prevailed Gus
sl by augmentation, occ asioned by birth
or immigration on the one hand, or d.
minution, occasioned by death or emf
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
FROM NEW YORK.
NEW YORK, May %, 1871

To Tie Editor OF tie wosKnoHLS's ADVOCATE.
| have just finished reading "Ohio's"
reply to my communication upon the
admission Of cooperative associations
IN workingmen's unions and trade as
semblies. | was not aware Of using
any eloquence-I only endeavored to
give plain statement Of facts. | do
not doubt for one moment that Ohio"
friend to all cooperative enterprises;
the same can be said Of those in IL q
Workingman's nUiOn who oppose the
admission Of delegates from the coop
eratives but they are not liberal enough
in their ideas to understand that it is
not an extra delegation from the prin-
tiers, but the representation Of distinct
and new principle in the field of Labor
Reform that we seek. "Ohio" states
he asserts that the iron molders, printers
and other national organizations would
not admit a cooperative association. |
do not know whether they would or
not, There would hardly be any neces-
sity for sending delegates from mold
ers' cooperative union to the molders
national union, for the reason that one
is the wages class, and are general, and
the other is mutual and local but if
TWENTY-FIVE or the requisite number of
molders should 60 into a town where
there was no union and organize one
under a cons tuition TO work upon the
cooperative principle, admitting as
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

worklngmen have so long, and against
such great odds, been contending.
Workingmen have assured US that the
Convention suitably finished its noble
work, in setting forth resolutions by
submitting to the people q candidate
tor governor whOselprevious services to
the county are gratefully remembered
and whose character is a sufficient
pledge Of his earnest support of the
principles upon which he stands as
candidate. The labor party care moth
ing for men, they work for the success
Of their cause, and will be found ready
with their cooperation to assure that
success.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

grafton on the other. The amount OF
acres allotted each individual or group,
always varying in these exigencles,
strictly TO meet justice. Upon one
corner Of this land, which contains or
dinarily several square miles, IS the
manor of Russian lord, whose august
usurpation has, until within few years,
been legalized, and whose rule has been
despotic.
THIS lord has ever assumed hlmself
tIe owner of the entire commune, slaves
and all, the land and laborer having at
ways been considered identical by the
monopolists, and can account no other
cause than this long time habit, to the
usurpers, of regarding life and proper
ty as identical, for the amazing lenlency
of the decree of manumisslon which
ascribes to the serf, not only the hDer-
ty of life, but also perpetulty OF owner
ship of the property from which 1nat
life was accustomedly sustained Ihls
noble concession Of the Gar and bis
party is the origin of the International
in Russia, and is one Of the most re-
markable events in history. The man.
omission of the American negro slaves
cost our country nearly 100000 lives;
the destruction of at least $4,000, OU0,-
900 of property in demolition and mis-
applied labor, and the accumulation OF a
national debt Of 50 SOC, 100000; with
all its entailments of monopoly and cor
rupsion which take root in great potlt-
ical commissions, and that manumlsslon
80 costly, has not ensured them SIN
gle foot Of land nor home wherein to
repose their famished forms. .a
The International, which is based
upon an ultimdtum of the greatest econ
omy and best distribution Of the yield
of labor, saw long since, practical les
son in the Russian eommunes, which il
has not permitted to pass unimproved
1t has already stationed its workers
among them, in the large towns
and is organizing International sections
wherever they can get foothold in tbt
Empire, with an object Of inducing, in
course of time, such a state of feeling
as TO render free discussion popular in
Russia. 1t is q well known fact thai
the emancipation of the serfs has CT ca
ted rancorons and, perhaps, fatal
schism among the aristocracy Of Russia
The communes being freed from the
thraldom of the mobiles, along with the
people, it naturally follows that these
lordly people feel extremely crestfaller
and are aggravating the poor people il
some cases beyond measure. These
aggravatiOns are calling up the grea
Russian question OF which propose t
speak further in my next
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

members to share ils profits. all ~.
posted card of the national ~ &C.
and applied for charter to wo,t unlSn'
me jurisdiction OF the national nn uuer
II Is my impression the ebartar u unloh,
be granted. would
But the ron molders' na,;o,l.
as wen as other trade q, paniza, III
meet 70 treat upon the apprentice wa ou''
hours, peace and other ones,ion" Ses'
concern them, and no one. else IN s'la'
leglslate upon trade matters Vii ney
trade assemblies and wn,L;n VIII our
unions 90 not, THAT is in The sen
Sense) and here il just where the d;E
ence Is. The one is a Temporary 49,
while the other il seeking ont ! W.
an more permanent relief-or IN o osle.
words one embodies expedi.ncv ~
other principle. ne
have always been a trade ,n;o
and have nothing to say apainst thns''
they arc performing splendid serS;. u
y 80 lar a. they are establishing a Con-.
mon interest among men, and esnso ~
TO think and ponder upon the general :.
suits OF the present state or svston e
government and society, but " mno.
all admit that they are not broad !.
comprehensive enough 10 their scona =
take upI and deal with, the causaa ~
the evil that surround and enyelons Ne
we have our strikes and our Iock .on..
and all that, and will continue to h.vs
them until we discover a better 49,. $50
OF preservation. and apply it, and thera.
fore we should come more in coDtsc,
with those who have more knowIedn"
than we, and learn Of them. We nssI
more light
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

the mission Of the Republican party as
fulfilled and recognizes the difference
between the effort that was made 10
relieve labor at the South, and the
effort that is now making to relieve labor
here at the North. There they were
powerless to revolutionize the relations
they bore to the capital that employed
them, and the work of their freedom was
eventually the work Of the philanthro-
pls:. Here, we have the ballot, stronger
than an army" 10 relieve US Of our
thTall. There the Republican party
could be ard was made useful. Here
nothing will effect the end we aim at
but labor party. Not a Republican
or q Democratic, but LABOR PARTY.
But. "yOu know how it is yourself. F."
| was over TO see
FRIEND JNo. H. JONES
of the Camden Democrat a day or two
since. He with whom you are just now
having a controversy about the result
Of the election in Connecticut. / like
friend Jones. He has done good and
efficient service IN our cause, before
either you or |, dear ADVOCATE, were
engaged il it, and though he edits a
Democratic newspaper, be is an I'M
compromising advocate Of every thing
we ak for, except tie establishment
of third party, and | believe he would
advocate that too if he saw any chance
of its early success. We shall bring
him and thousands Of others like him
around altogether after little while.
Only bide a little longer. In the way
OF news, / have nothing else that would
interest. and so, yours truly,
| EARNEST.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
A SUGGESTION
OFFICERS or OUR TRADE AND co-opERA-
:TIVG ASSOCIATIONS.

There is no want which has been felt
more severely by the friends of the la
Dor movement than reliable data and
figures regarding the number, date Of
organization, strength and efficiency of
our trade and cooperative associations.
In this respect We are century behind
the enterprise and systematized action
Of our friends in the old world. While
the " returns Of the General Statement
of the Funds and Efects Of every In
dustrial and Provident Society" in
Great British, have been for years pub
lished among the blue books, by order
of the House of Commons. and while
Russia has SO far recognizedthe claims
Of the industrial classes upon the State
as to appoint a Minister Of Labor, in our
own country, so far as we know, not
only has no such recognii on been made
by the general government, but private
enterprise has equally failed to supply
the long felt want and while number
of the trades union officials have an
idea of the aggregate number Of organ
nations and their membership, it is GER
tain none of them could give positive
information before a congressional or
legislative committee, at least such
information as would be deemed Guthen-
tic, and it is very questionable whether
any two of them could agree even with
IN an approximate estimate of % 900 as
to numbers. In regard to the condition,
and the general results following the
formation Of the various organizations,
it is certain such testimony would be
considered entirely worthless.
The publication Of the Reports o.
the Bureau of Statistics of Labor" by
the Legislature Of Massachusetts is a
step in the right direction, which we
hope will be followed up BY other states,
but at present such statistics
possess In the main but local interest,
and furnish more information on
the general manufacturing interests Of
a particular locality than the informs-
ton Of special interest to our labor or
CARNATIONS.
In view of these facts we have a
proposition to make, especially to the
officers of our National. and Information
al Trades Unions and Cooperative As
socia6ons. We intend issuing, in a
few days, q circular containing a serie:
of questions, which, if properly FLEA
up and returned, will, in a great meas.
ure, furnish the information desired
We also propose, if our efforts are sue
cessful, 10 furnish to each president and
secretary Of our organizations, the result
of such labor in pamphlet form, for their
use and guidance, so that they will be
in a measure compensated for their ser
vices. The creation of a Department
of Labor at Washington is one Of the
great needs Of the hour, and we feel
satisfied that one of the most feasible
methods to bring about this desired
result il the compilation and publica-
ton of the statistics of our various labor
organizations.
Now, friends, we shall rely upon you
to second our efforts. DO your part and
we will try and do ours. In the mean
time we shall be pleased to hear sug.
gestions from any quarter which may
aid US in this investigation.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
LABOR RRoRMRR


The following resolutions were sdOUtad
among others BY the Democratic S,,,.
Convention Of Ohio, which assembled :,
Columbus, June 4:
~ That the proagate corrnDtioD ~ N
extrAvAgance Whlcn pervade every g. p
ment Of the federal government tha a,or,es
OF the interests Of LABOR to aggrandiz. ~
lul Of aTistOcrats the wicked deOrivni,rn N
toe people OF their nghtful heritage N ~ M
nc lands, which have b,eu made giit IN ~,
roads and other municipalities M n-.
Of more than S14, 100000 premium dnr,9- 49,
administration u PresldeIt Grant N So
ment bonds payable at par; the mainIen,no.
AZ an annual cost 70 the people u ne arly ssu
VOO,OOO, OF an unconstitutional Opprsasion ana
eALoruJnate system VI DanAInx whereby mo,.w
Is made scarce aud interest nigh, are anu..s
"hieh call Tor wise and thorough remedies m 4.
III. That We are ID favor OF strict ycononv
Of . large reduction of the expeudIGur.s of a..
federal and state governments OF civlI service
reform OF the COLLECTION Of the internal reye-
uue BY state autaUrlies, and thereby return "a
honest laoOr the myrlads Of taK-ga:hsrers vhu
affict our land and eat W It's substance Ana
The speedy trial, conviction ami pu.isnms,a N
the thieves VINO have stolen the taxes mid nv
the people.
IL. That while we reject reputation va
equally reject tue prOpOsitOu 70 Day The bond.
hOlders more than The contract visa them de-
mands that ii bOudhOlders have rights a,
ave the taxpayers, and We Iusist upon isuce
being done " DOgu LuaE the creditor u ru-
utleu 70 be paid 10 toe same Gu rency he lOAea
20 the governments that when be lOAusa
SrsenbAeKs, he should be paid Ia grcenbaek.
unless the contract otherwise promiseJ, aud
Wnen he loaned gold be should he paid N RptJ.
CAT TO quart against too great an e1pausio
greenbaCks snouid De made convertible iuto
per cent bonds al tue option Of the note holI.
srs, said bonds 70 be redeemed ia gre-ubuck Y.
On demand that the true me .hUd of returnIns
a. specie pay ments u u make customs a iurs
PAYABLE IN legal-Iender currency, whether p
per money or gold that sucn a policy you'd
secure uulorm currency, stop the gambling
IA gold, and thereby elevate tue credit Of Ghs
government.
IL. That with the Wstchword OF reform" We
confidently 60 70 the country that We believe
the interests Of the < est body Of tne people
are the same; that without Teg ard u past DO
itical asst cI4LIOns they are the friends OF Tree
KoVerument; tnAJ they are equally houesL
Grave and patriotic, ana we appeal 10 them, As
TO our brOi hers and countrymen. 70 aid rs 10
% avn relief from the grieVOus abuses which
wrong and Cypress every Que except the wrong
due re- and oppressors themselves
a. That upon state issues, We resolve shat
We are 10 favor Of calling convention, As pro
vIIed tor by article l6, section 8, Of the State
Constitution.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
Chance for Agents.

To any party sending US club Of so yearly
Subscribers, at club rates, We Will forward an
Edwin Rollo watch, in sterling silver cases
full plate, lever movement, exposed pallet jewels,
costing ToRrT DOLLARS This is an offer seldom
made, and may be relied on as genuine.
FoR CLUB ~ TEN yearly subscribers, We
viii send to any address, charges paid, a re-
volsing pisto', manufactured by the American
Arms Company, OF Boston, worth $500
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
FRoM the last issue Of the Anthracie

From the last issue of the Anthracite
Monitor we learn that Mr.. John Park
er retires from its editorial management
and is succeeded BY Mr.. c. Ben John
son. Mr.. Parker is an able and Wig
orous writer, and while we regret 10
loose him from the field Of labor journ-
alism, We rejoice to know that he is to
be succeeded by one who is fully quail
fed to occupy his place. Friend j.
give as your hand.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

A FRAUD.-We understand Arm in
this city is advertising in some Of the
Eastern cities for 1000 bricklayers. We
hope the officers of the various unions
whose attention may be called TO this
announcement, will inform those inter
ested that there are already more brick
layers in Chicago than there is employ
ment for.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
CHICAGO, JUNE 10, 1871.
GRO.P. WELL 4 CO.,
20 Park Row. New York,
s.,M. PETTENGILb a &C

s,M PETTENGILL co.,
81 Park Row. Me- York,
Anu tie sole agents for the woRKroHANs ADVOCATE Is
al city, ard are authorize 10 contract for inserting
Advertisements for ne at lowest cash rates Ad
verser. that city requested to leave their avcr'
With either OF the atove houses.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
THE CIGAR MAKERS.

Sc WILL unions d. sriug changes In the address VI
corresponding secretAIs please the Of Ire
former secrstA-..
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10
CORRESPONDENTS.
FROM PENNSYLVANIA.

I'VE do not hold ourselves responsible for any opiR
expressed BY our Correspondence
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

TOLEDO OHIO, May 70, 1871.
10 officers and members 81 local unions:
Please note change Of my address All com
nubicati0ns for me should be addressed TO
EREp BLEND, A. Monroe street,
Toledo, OHIO.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-10

These prices were liked upon oy an
umpire, and, while not regarded as
fair, we believe they will be religiously
adhered to for the balance Of the year,
1871. We have estimated the wages
M "a high as 1925, but the most