New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1871-04-29

iecf
between mistress and maid. is amore enlightened I'M
Outstanding on both sides. and little Of the phan-
thro,y OF quitting ourselves in others places" This
would quickly do away with much of the antagonism
makes person look upon another natural enemy
instead of recognizing tho bond OF common ssterhood
and a mutual dependence. The following the aver
age wages paid in families employing four or
female domestics: The cook receives from 81 to 81
week; the seamsress, 81 the nursery maid, -; cham
bermaid 50 TO - 80; the kitchen girls to 81 We found
family employing seven domostics, with wages
employed the wages run from o. to s.. Girls doing
general housework command from 50 so to 81 gener
ally about 50. Most domestcs desire TO work where
there are more than one employed. Family sempsrcsses
command from q IS to so cents per day. according TO
their ski The higher prices are paid only TO dress
makers. As rule sempstresses take their meals where
they work. but furnish themselves with lodging Their
employment is very precarous, and II Ia almost impos-
sble to form an estimate of their earnings.
THE sHoB BUSINESS.
Many or the workmen have set their eyes upon coop
GRAFTON, outlet and remedy and experiments
have been made that line AS these found TO DO
successful, others emboldened to make similar at
temps To the masses, however the most practical way
seems to be TO make the most OF the wage system In
standing firmly and steadily by each other in efforts to
a minimum. In the nature of things an entire escape
from the friction that Is always Impending between EN-
NUT OF sell respect mutual confidence ana noble an,
through struggle and discipline since the old system of
working in little shops was abandoned for mat OF large
length OF the working per Before the tmeof
factories there would steady of employment for
from seven to 10 years only interrupted by commercial
depressions revulsOns The working hours would be
from IL to The for lighting up from Sep
TENDER 20 to May 90 Since that time there has never
been a year OF steady work. At first month only
would be lost now 1t has got so that we lose over four
months time every Tho system is worse here than
elsewhere because machinery has been more thoroughly
COTTON AND WOODEN MILLS.
The wages paid in eight cotton mills given Com
pairing class with another class, without regard to
the number employed in EACH the average yearly earn
ings would be about $685. which would give the daily
average pay of 81 &c. Adding up the whole number en-
poyed however, and comparing it with the amount re-
tabishments the average actually reaches only 81 09
iantic Mills at Lawrence Is trne over 81 OS person,
which puts fully to the average OF TIE other eight
average cotton mills. 1t but GO hours per week,
and the evidence seems to he conclusive that the red
ton OF has not diminished wages namueh as the
average hours Of the eight mills already alluded TO is COG
per week -, A., ,,,.,. ..
tals Whole number employed 6l95; ratio of native to
foreign, 433 to 2sOl; men 1878 women ly9 young per
sons 143 children, 464 The hours of labor per week
are c. as general rule The exceptions, above and be-
low are as follows 69t Co. 6S. eacn g. two; 81,
GA 65b one EACH 65 6 four each Co. five; GO, one; GO,
six S. ga, one each-making 40 factories working CO
bors and over and % working less than &C hours per
week Nine of the factories running less than &c hours
are in Worcester County, four in Berkshire, two each IN
Essex Hampden, Mddlescx, and Norfolk ana one each
i'm Bristol and Franklin The running on the short
est time is in Hancock, Berkshire County the CONCUR
factories are in Agawam Canton, Holden Ipswich Lei
cester Monsoon and Newbury, with an average working
force OF about 10 persons each. The average working
time of the % factories alluded to. is 62s hours weeH
number of employees per factory So The satnr
day hours range from IL to g. the average Dchg w. nc
As in fortysx and 30 in two The price OF board Tor
f2em S S 70 With II AN wrH m of S So The erscy
show that in q factories 70 native and SS foreign
to write In q full returns the number Of children
attending school the legal time IL report all as so attend
that the law not fully complied with III TINS Diahch oil
industry. "
Considerable space given to descriptions Of factory
life and the testimony Of agents and operatives and
some of the latter show pictures of hardship and toll
such as are frequently brought out before legislative
committees. Concerning the employment OF children IN
factories the declares that child under the age Of
ten years shall be employed in any manufacturing es
Enlistment in the ComnonweaLth ana that no emo DC
tween 10 and is years OF age shall be 80 employed I'M
in each and every year. 60 whole days 20 half days
being the equivalent of said three months 1t moreover
declares child under 10 years of shall be EN-
poyed co hours in any one week In some
riolai he IG5 are placed upon school completes or tie
re7Y purpose Of making things 90 easy under TINS law
the WORKING Of the present statute give L wholly
useless and recommend in its place the Ehgsh sfsIen
attend school hours each day. working IN the ln an
average of 81 hours on SATURDAY we work them Il
hour per day; but even " this Is Insisted upon tDe d-
time school would be better for the children strong ar
guments given in favor OF lOh0ur law or lact3re5
based on careful examination of the results obtained
in Europe. ,o,,s
The following recommendations are urged for legisa
tive adoption:
l. The establishment OF 10 hours the limit Of days
work in all manufacturing and mechanical or other
establishments the State, wherein men or women or
both, are employed.
@ law with appropriate means OF enforcement, pro-
hlbiting any child under 10 years of age from being
employed in any such establishment; and at thaG age,
unless such child has received the elements OF common
school educatOnage and education 10 be matters or que
certificate provided for by law; and further that All
children between 10 and IS years OF age, 50 employed
said hours TO he between o'clock In the forenoon ana
O'Clock in the afternoon, and shall attend sch0O Ndca
tions excepted, three hours each and every day.
g. That system Of inspection be established, whose
ctons II shall be TO look after the enforcement of the
laws regulating the hours OF labor ana the enpoyheh
and schooling Of children, referred 10 IN inc second
recommendation, and protection against accdeh1 10 ne
limb, by unguarded machinery or Deiuhg III lhahu-
featuring or mechanical establishments.
A. The establishment OF system OF maritime SCHOOLS
for children between 10 and ID years OF age employed IN
such establishments and for other children whose avOca-
tions deprive them of the benefits OF tho ordinary fu
g. That the subject Of tenementhouses and the power
enforcing all laws relating thereto, DC cohhItIeu W
the state Board OF Health. "a ,,. ,
G. The authorization by law, with methods OF carrying
II into effect a thorough and exhaustive system OF sa-
tstics to be gathered by the persons employed IN taxing
The next State census in 1875, covering the suDests oi
the wages earnings and savings time employed ana lOst
OF all classes of working people the Oh persohs
(meD women, young persons ana chdrei emPIoyou ~
the several industrial occupations III the COmnOhWeatn,
and Of other connected with the subject OF IaDor
in the State
WEATHER REPORT
WAR DEPARTMENT,