The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1871-05-09
WARRINGTON.
Synopsis OF the New Treaty.

claims OF injury alleged by the United State
on account of the escape Of Confederate cruis
ers iroui british ports, and depredations com
mitted BY those vessels during the late rebel
lion 10 this country
tribunal OF arbitration, to consist of five
aroitrat0rs,one appointed by the United States
one py Gieat Britain, and the other three each
py designated sovereign State of Europe OF
america. The treaty establishes special rules
OF national dnty and obligation in addition to
| tne generally received public law, which rules
aitnougn not admitted by the British Commits.
sloners 70 nave been in force at the time vet il
OF the tribunal "'
| Inc arbitration of this tribunal may either
| award damages in detail or in the gross. at n
discretion, or it may refer this duty to a board
e OF assessors sitting IN the United States, who
shall report frem time to time, the payments To
be accordingly. The British Government
frankly expresses its regrets forDthe occurrence
OF the incidents complained of by the United
| States.
For the adjudication of all other claims of
citizens of the United States against Great
Britain, or of the subjects of Great Britain
against the United States during the same pc
riOd, that is, from the 18th day of April, 1861,
to the oh of April 1865, an ordinary mixed
commission is provided, to sit at Washington
with an umpire to be nominated, if necessary,
by designated friendly power. This limita-
ton OF the time is material in substance, for 1t
confines reclamation against the United States
t. incidents OF actual war. 1t is accompanied
also with declaration on the part of the
British Commissioners to the eff ct of execut-
ing claims on account of slavery property.
Great Britain does not recognize the claims of
her SUBJECTS for the seizure of cotton in cases
where they took up their abode in the South,
as they become subject to the contingencies OF
war. Iff-N -- ftrfg arI
In regard to the fishery question, in addition
to the liberty already secured to them by the
treaty OF 1878, the fishermen of the United
Stafa @ hall hoo Al Ct
on the ea-coast and shores and in the bays,
harbors and creeks of the provinces of Que.
bee, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick and the
colony of Prince Edwards Islands adjacent,
without being restricted to any distance from
shore, with permission to land upon such
coasts shores and islands ;also upon the Magdal-
enc Islands for the purpose of drying and curing
their fish, subject OF course to the local rights
OF private property; and the same liberty is
granted to British subjects on the eastern
of the 18th parallel of latitude. This liberty
is not to include on either side shell fish or SAL
mon, or the shad fisheries or other fisheries in
rivers or mouths of rivers.
1t is also agreed further that fish oil and fish
OF all kinds except of the inland lakes and
their rivers and except fish preserved in oil,
the produce of the fisheries of the United
States or Dominion of Canada or Prince Ed
ward Island, shall be admitted into each coun.
try respectively free of duty. The privileges
tuuS COuCtucu " OulIeu SCdI6S are ODVl-
Ohsly most important ones. 1t is asserted by
the British government, but not admitted by
the United States, that the privileges accorded
to the United States are of greater value than
those accorded to the subjects of Great Brit
ain; and to prevent and avoid CONTROVERSY on
this point it is agreed that mixed commission
with an umpire appointed by designated
friendly power shall determine whether there
shall be any compensation for such alleged ex-
cess OF privileges, and u so how much ought
to be paid by the United States.
Next comes the various questions of payipa-
ton aud commercial transit, which were dis
posed of by declaring the navigation of the
rivers st. Lawrence, Yucan, Porcupine and
Stilline forever free and open to the citizens or
subjects of both countries by providing for the
equal use of the Welland, ST. Lawrence aud
other canals in the Dominion oh the one hand,
and Lake Michigan and the ST. Clair fats on
the other, by providing for the free transit of
merchandise to and fro as we'll in the British
possessions as IN the United States, and abol-
ishing the provisional EXPORT duty on Ameri-
can lumber on the River St. John. All the
provisions concerning the fisheries and COM
mercial transit are OF course made contingent
upon their being approved by the Congress of
the United States and the British Parliament
ment of Canada aud the legislature of Prince
Edwards Island.
By these various -stpulations all the privi-
leges OF fishery, navigation and transit accord
ed to the United States by the treaty OF 1854
are OuC6 mOr6 OUGdlueu, anu IN q DolCer form
and without the burdensome conditions of that
treaty in the matter of reciprocal importatioDs.
OF the pending subject of controversy be-
tween the two governments, there remains to
be considered the question of the Northwest
tern boundary line. 1t is to be remem bered
that the line of treaty of 1916 runs by the
middle of the channel which separates the
continent from Vancouver's Island; but sew
eral such channels exist. Great Britain con-
tends that the channel of that treaty is the Ro-
sario Straits and the United Statos that it is the
canal de HarO, the two channels being separ-
ated by the Island of San Juan. This aues-
ton having orce been reported on by mixed
commission, that for survey of the line the
United States are not content to refer it to an
other such commission, nor has it been deemed
convenient even though such a tribunal be ap
pointed by a friendly sovereign power.
Instead of this i, has been agreed by the pres
ent treaty to submit the question directly to a
neutral power, and the Emperor of Germany
has been selected for that purpose The gov
eminent of the TIhited States haa in its hands
much documentary evidence in support Of its
Pretensiens, not heretofore made use of, and on
Chat as well as on other grounds is confident of
the better reason on its side to assure to the
United States the possession of the island of
San Juan. Such are the outlines of the con-
sdelations which have commended it to the
appreciation of the President. et
THE CONDITION OF OUR LIVE STOCK.
WASHINGTON, May S-The investigation of
the farm animals Of the United States recent
ly made by the Department of Agriculture,
shows that fewer losses, either from disease or
winter exposure have resulted during the past
seasons than for several years previously.
Losses amounting to millions of dollars have
heretofore beer reported, but no epizotic has
prevailed lately in any pc: ton of the country.
The restrictive laws and practice of gathering
Texas herds in frontier departments have re-
duced the ravages of the kline fever. The foot
and mouth disease, which spread through por-
tions of New York and New England is not
fatal and has nearly disappeared. Pleuro-
pneumonia has been reduced to a few cases
near the cities of the Middle States Horses
have been comparatively healthy. Swine have
exhibited the greatest comparative mortality,
but less than in former years Sheep have
all kinds are almost uniformly in good condi-
ton. The hay crop was short last season but
of excellent quality. The corn crop was very
large and fed literally. Better care than usual
proved condition is attributed to abundant
feed, more humane treatment and the mildness
of the past winter.
ARMY APPOINTMENTS.
The following assignments to the ordnance
office have been announced: Mai. j. w. Todd
to command at Detroit; Capt. D. w. Flager
and Lieut. E. M. Wright to Rock Island Capt.
II. ii. Parker to Watertown Arsenal; Capt l..
s. Babbitt to st. Louis Arsenal; Capt. J. Ar
mold to Allegheny Arsenal; Capt. j. III. Roll
| Inns to command at San Antonio Arsenal;
Lieut. G. w. Mckee to st. Louis; Lieut.. j. G.
| Clifford to Benecia.
| The internal revenue receipts to-day were
| $718, 857, and subscriptions to the new loan
| were $1240 fH5,.
Capt. James F. j. Armstrong has been or
| dered to the command of the naval station at
Mound City, ILL.,, relieving Capt. e. Thompson
| who is placed on waiting orders. Capt. e. b.
| Calhoun has been ordered to duty as executive
| officer at New York navy yard.
TELEGRAPHIO ITEMS.
| At Wilmington, Del. on Monday the kind
| ling wood factory of Geo. w. Bush, the oil
| house, shops and locomotive round, house oil
| the Philadelphia and Baltimore railroad Iwere
| swept by fire.Seventeen locomotives were more
| or less injured. The loss to the railroad com.
pany is very heavy including the oil-honse, pal
| tern house and rOund-house. The rsof of the
general repair shop was damaged Geo. w
Bush losses building and shop burned at
| the wharf.
| The Pennsylvania Central Railroad Com
| pany has absorbed the old and wealthy Cam
den and Amboy and Delaware aud Raritan
| Companies by perpetual lease on a guaran
The caisson for the East River bridge wai
launched Monday. 1t weighs twenty three
thousand tons.
The United States arsenal property, contain
ing five acres of ground, on Jersey Cit,
heights, which was sold by auction last weel
for $7l 900, was purchased by Bishop Bailey
through Mr.. Hillard, President of the State in
| surance Company. The erection of larg,