The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-01-31
GERMANY'S NEW COLONY.
The KINGDOM OF AMMAN AND THE PORT
OF SAIGON.

called from the native title Thagon Is the French
colony referred to in the abstract OF the conditions
upon which Paris has been surrendered and peace
Is to be concluded II will be coded to Germany,
and, along with the fine vessels Of which to
be made over to that new, first class Power, will
form an extremely respectable accession TO the COM
mercal resources and naval strength Of the Ger
man empire.
Saigon is the chief city OF the kingdom of Cambo.
dla, or Anam, and OF the province OF Tsiampa, In
Cochin China and is situated on river OF identca
name, about tnrty-hve miles from the mouth
Of that stream, which, by the by, flows into the
China Sea. The French have trafficked there for
nearly century, and 1890 officer in their SER
vice-Colonel Victor Ollivier-but handsome clta-
del In the place. Since then 1t has been enriched
with well.constructed port some handsome ana
fully stocked arsenals and several dockyards. A
good, navigable canal twentythree miles long, con-
meets il with the Meikong river, and railroads and
electric teegraphs are next In order for the con-
venienCe OF It's inhabitants.
The French and Spaniards had long been busy In
these waters, the wealth and beauty of Cambodia
proving very attractive to their searching cupdity.
At length. in 1853, they seized and occupied the
region, and since that time French influence has
there been paramount. The Chinese and Siamese
ports and the Portuguese colonies In the East are
the chief outlets Of Saigon trade which supplies them
with gold silver and ivory, dried fish, rice and
many other commodities OF the Orient. The local
markets are admirably provided with fish from the
adjacent rivers and the seacoast and all sides OF
the city beautiful gardens and richly cultivated
fields that yield bundance OF fine fruit flowers and
vegetables.
The internal appearance OF Saigon is peculiar and
quite picturesque; for although most OF the dwell
lings are Of clay, and not more than one story In
haiU Y nod witt nal m los
and other tropical growth, and are ranged along
regularly laid out Streets intersected In many places
by canals bordered with neat quays Of stone and
brick work and enlivened with gay boats they are
seen In some OF the cities OF Holland and Northern
Italy. Thus the town looks like part OF Venice here
and there and elsewhere like o part OF Amsterdam
or Rotterdam transported to the Eat. for, IN the
better quarters. where the government palace, the
citadel, with its official residences aud accessories
diversity the scene the dignity of European archi-
lecture reappears amid the Oriental features
The city proper lies In 10 degrees 81 minutes
North latitude, and 1o4 degrees % minutes
and as seconds East longitude and numbers
about 100000 Inhabitants, of whom q large proper.
ton Chinese. 1t is Of the commercial town that
we have chiefly been writing. The other division OF
the place is called Pingen and Is on the side OF
the Saigon river but Is connected with the other
half Of the city by a suburb which Is rapidly nng
with neat homes and an active population.
THE KINGDOM OF CAMBoDIA,
or Youdra Skan, Hes between Laos on the north and
Cochin China on the east the sea or China and the
Gulf of Siam Oh the south and the kingdom OF
Siam proper the west. Its supericies Is
about $50, 900 square kilogrammes. Its population
amounts to 100000, chiefly Buddhists with small
but rapidly growing proportion OF Christians 1t is
subdvided into Northern and Southern Cambodia
and the great province Of Cancao on the southeast
and teens throughout with every species Of mineral
and vegetable wealth. 1t abounds in tin, precious
stones teak and sandal, along with other woods OF
the finest description, for dyes and cabinet work,
while saigon annually exports quantities OF pepper
RICE cotton, hides horns and cocoan ut OIL The ex-
port OF rice alone for August last, the latest COM
plete advice, 130o0O piculs sent to Europe
Mauri,ius the Straits, China and Japan. The arri-
walls tor mat month, at the port, thirty two
vessels OF from 200 to 1000 tons, and there were
twenty vessels loading, under the British, French
and German nags, aggregatlng 90O0 tons. Indigo and
silk now cultivated with splendid prospects OF
success, and everything indicates immediate ex-
tension of trade within the next five years.
HISTORICALLY
the kingdom of Cambodia was onco not only inde-
pendent but powerful. However, about one hun
dred years ago dissensions led to weakness and it
fell under the control Of the Annamites, who exacted
heavy tribute, and at last in lso9 unblushingy d.
vded It's territory between themselves and the SIAM
csc. Originally the Chinese oolonized the whole
country OF AMMAN and held 1t as a tributary king
dom. The name Cochin China was applied to 1t by
the Portuguese. who thought they saw IN II strik-