The New York herald., 1871-12-11

to grow naturally whose root has struck the
sou and wn's1 SprouI nus a,SseS Sn1S sss ans
Impossible, the most material and the most gr0ss-
the nanet itself. The earth which TO the eyes OF
Its roof or glass the pneumatic machine under
which 1t lay, and became converted into globe
radiant with light, and sailed accompanied with
Its Satellites In continuous and harmonious move
mcnt through the etner OF innnity. Tne ancient
PEELED, and the renaissance reconciled man with
nature and returned TO the divine, like Us In ancient
popular movement reconquered for mankind tine
ownership OF the conscience. and when tins religious
paaca na. o1'a s ahara
the phlosophic movement OF giving IDEAS TO reason
and OF promulsatinX the universal codes OF society
and OF It's politics. An wnen thanks to the great
French writer's OF the past century. the aostract
Ideas OF philosophy came to De . pltrlmony by the
eloquence the satire and the Immortal wonder Of
the encyclopedia. they pass ID to be the natr mony
OF the common sense OF the people, and there was
potlcai revolution sprSnS into eelnYthat pcislcs
turles, heirs OF 50 manv lAoors, are now adhered.
carrying 1t almost 20 It's ultimate and most Oene-
fetal consequences. But we must not mistake. No
term OF the problem Will DO wanting, no idea OF the
not become lnmuvable, no nOt Ia political revolu.
tion. No. There Is q machine which nas rendered
useless tine brute for force go, Of manm na-s.
which has destroyed the inequality OF the intellt
gences; there universal suffrage, whcn has done
away with cue inequality Ol political c0ndlttOns;
there individual RI ,hts whicn have converted all
men into citizens equally free and these things
make OF tnls present historic period the period or
the apparltion the fourth estate peOpc. AS
after long evolutions OF geol0xtc periods the eartn
came over it the magnetic rain 81 the human spirit
80 society has now attained p0slrioL in which 1t
cannot live otherwise than tn perpetual communion
with modern demOcrace5 (Cries OF ''IOOu -
'sGood y ana great applause, Hence the reason
Of tle inevitable existence OF the social problem and
OF the social schools Yes gentlemen, In everything
this aphorsm displayed. The ent OF the people
cannot be complete, cannot attain Its maturity. II
economic reforms. TINS Is true, though many have
erred mucn on this point Bu error supposes
ever on hs
philosophy have come I'D II the soDhists. decompos.
Ing al IDEAS with .nelr logic, mad not prepared the
same way the social problem has TO be resolved by
the work OF thought. although IL may produce mul.
titude OF errors Error, which proceeds from Jhe
multitude OF thoughts, from the multitude Of
Schools Is sure sign or grand social parturiuon,
physical parturtlon. Thus our age is
TIE AGE or THE SOCIAL SCHOOLS.
have arrived a our time they nave been sir,oped Of
utopia aud become converted into schools IN lch
more IN harmony with political realliy, and with
eternal ba.e Of society. socialism was in Its be-
Of sns ID as
ton Of new Pontidcate. Socialism was
afterwards q grand cosnosony. wMcn, no!
to remstate man In all the magic lie o.
new cosmos. Later on socialism was o new
the responsibility OF our Iauts ana our wees from
the soul and the conscience TO the shoulders uI per-
vercea soce.y and anay socialism now more
OF principles contrary to those traditional
economy, giving TO the state attributes the state
cannot accept without grave detrlment 10 liberty
and TO right.
THs PEDERAL REPUBLIC.
But at this critical moment there appeared IN
EXTRAORDINARY MAI, whose influence Will be imml-
nent IN many centuries. He served the social
schools, and the social schools came to consider
oil darkness aud evll. Ihis man, engendered o. Q
pro,etarlan family, born aud batned sweat Of
and tue anguIshes misery Innlcts on ths
lowest classes OF society. whose only prOp0-
wltheng eloquence, logic Im piacaD e, whose force
has In II something OF the blind IOrce OF nature some
tnlng OF the nurrlcane and the eartnguaxe-he Oe-
came marvellous artist OF speech In spite OF hav-
Ing nad like Rousseau late, very late. the revelation
OF his genius now he RISES tO the MAJESTY OF BOs-
suet, now descends to the nowlings OF BaD0ei, now
laughs with the SARCASTIC laugh or M0ntalgne now
NETS with the feminine sensiuveness OF bernardlno
de SAINT Pierre. now springs into the manly apos-
trophies Of Victor Hugo. Whispers IN the gentle
ana sweet p0esy OF Lamartlne. IL seems a. II ne
echo OF all grlefs. Gigantic snadow VINO entered
into the pantheon OF cOutempuraneOus history,
the ancient Chrisans ieit wnen taey en,e ed
into tne Laun pantheon. where were heaped up AL
juez, arbiter Of modern Cons conscience, he sa seized
upon all me systems and placed them
pieces IN MS Sasi eianaon: Se smsed ane% al ,ne@
under MS Herculean clue; for he is the genius OF
tito crticsa ae cursed ali princlpes@cstso @
llcism as reacttOnary, Professionalism Is arisio.
cratic, docirnarinlsm as Immoral. sensuallsln as
grOveIling. ldealism Is vague, metaphysics as
transcendenta! and theooglc, ponlcal economy
as vulgar and incomplete. the scnoos OF demo.
down so MANY Idols, SO many hOusenOd gods re.
spected In the idea OF the movement OF Heraclirus
transformed Dy The extreme Hegellan Lett into
species vi river, without mouth or source, the Only
ruin winch really renamed uuder the soles OF the
ancient social schools and the only atrrmations
which furr0wed MS brow after the tempests ne
raised were the federal republic in pollcs and the
dogma OF liberty AMI human responsibility In
science i (Cneers.)
ITS UNIVERSAL CHARACTER.
This problem has universal character, and &C the
same time character peculiar 10 each race and TO
each nationality. 1t Is Revolutionary IN France me.
TINS general ana lnaividual character at one time
proves that the problem Is not born OF Individual
tendencies but of nc0ntestabe exi2ences OF society
IN our day. LOOK for instance at this phenomenon.
hiie the french genius gives to the social problem
an authoritative, centralizng character. tue ltalan
genius, personlded In one OI the greatest and most
eloquent pubiclsts OF the age from the midst OF hts
exile and Danlsnnent, ike Inc ancient prophets by
the banks OF straage waters, examines the same
problem and finds IL contradictory, usOivaDle full
OF the same anu.nonies as nature aud metaphysics.
over the to-be ald the not-t0-be thought and the
world, tile subject of the OBJECT, providence
his eyes there is continuous movement In lie.
The historic periods repeat the with uniform
law, nke the seasons Of the year. Ine tribes pre-.
cede the cities, the poel5 the neroes the heroes the
prophets ana the prophets the redeemers. When
oy SO many Workings the w0r d appears to be trans
formed the same pains are reoOrne, the same pre-.
occupations commence, the same struggle goes on
between free thou .nt and religion, between capital
and labor, between property and agrarlanisn-as II
the eartn was nothing more tnan a bloody theatre
where monotonous tragedy Is eternally repre-
sented, repeating over aud over again me same
scenes, and never arriving at an cnd In all these
ailrmatlons, which possess something OF the SIMS
ter desperation OF Maqulavelo we see that the
Italian OF yesterday without country and without
home, carries no light 10 the social problem, but
sheds upon 1t the shadows he derived rom the
marble sepulChre OF bis italy.
DEMOCRACY.
While this happens In the Latin nations German
genius elaborates It's transccndental ociaIsm The
lndlv1dualfstlc idea which the book "The Critic OF
Pure Reason and the Theory OF knowledge carries
TO It's ultimate extremes appears In the eyes the
new thinkers as an incomplete idea. The reconcllia.
tion Of man wlih God, OF spirit with nature OF 80.
ciety with the Individual OF the Bible with science