New-York tribune., 1871-03-28

OF ofnernationa law is to uphold civilization IN on :,
its essential safeguards. 20 vindcate lnterna,io,,
-, nv G 70 cpsant duy which Is most eminent ACCORDING
Foremost among admitted principles of intern,
u"lidl law n nc hNOfn That all nations egnal wr
ont distinction Of population size or color s l,
consequence whatever Is the rule for one l. the r M
All; nor can we do 10 sm. weak. pr black nation VII,
we would not DO 10 large, strong or white nation ~
what tLai nation might not do to W. d. unto ohe...
y0n would nave them 90 unto you Is the plain Jaw ,.,
All nall0ns as l0r Ri men. Tho equality Of nations Il E
hgst principle Of international law AZ the e1uaiiy 10
penlcncc and Won may IA VcI a"si he o ., lade-
other Asa men ae equal bet To the law, are All No
tons.
This simple statement is enough: but since th, con,
mandng principle las been practically et aside in us
opcrIion. OF onr Navy, pfoceedto snVw how IL s4as
Tie ciuaty o. nations. like the equality of men. ~.
recognized taIliy unGer tie growing inlHenco of civil
izitOl MOI the earlier writers not even 20 the yon
derfG Grons whose instinct for truth divine do
we repair for tho euelgtion Of this undOubted fale
Our Swiss teacher, Nltte, prompted, perhaps by N,
| experience OF his own country, SuIrgundcd by mora
powerful neghb0rs, the hrt 10 make u stand form
IN its present character His words, which a. re-
markablc for tbelr picturesque iorco as for Their juI
accuracy sfat, the whole cIse
Naors 90 rpos Of and considered many fs prs,,
hYn- tog't erin sac o ur' f ilmF eTr- sni th'i hz
this respect rrluc di,reHcc dw-n j. 4.
ran: snail republic no lee sovee sat- thaH ue ss
il kneom o. nrcossi tn'Qgcnce o. la ellstr ~hals,
lawful of Que naion eqal, Lawful TO- saJ ohi al
g1utlaot N zoe one enly 80 In TIE o'cf e'hs The Ls
! Names Pr,innlre, see ls) -.
some sligGt variety Of expresson nui vita no dminu.
ton OF is force OIc OF the earliest 70 reproduce
! mastery
! lending 10 II the vivid beauty OF his st} le:
- fundamental prDePs Of public law the DeT'ec. equaIs
no di ueion gh eatre nIei W ether permanent Or as
gives 10 aopa sa :. The more goseIu, nssh ~ i.S ~ y
foundation Of gge " yhel u msny eane,ls we &c a,
Tie German uolter siaOes the rale more simply but
YadSs being or independent d e,c other treat rtr
on footing Of complete llI lS & most is'o & s s s ~. IN.
their pieniinde the rights wnfh eu ron Us ,a
Tme latest Enss writer's TESTIFY likewise. Here are
'e Sors r,s1 ri sa Of sta the necessary companion Of M
ind Pnr ' & cardinal rsh' lyon Tae 5e1 I % S ssss,
the aee.F's si'h ol'r o.s'. % al ile ss' , ~ % s,
s5rosats to ea reS9 m aSp on oo, Law % ya II II
T%iss folows Phnmorc; bnt give. to the rue fresh
The in ere-de7ce Of ibso1'e suec, er.
ton 50 thai nations r. d sT a., ssG,f n .T.
in tbs repo,t give r'e to any dssneioa" % J. raT,
faI Tor anotl and uhaiegsris unu lahe th eua
jGsnaa5ie oher' Uss, Tue Law Of Nsdons w. ds'
In our own country Chancellor Kent great authority
gives the rule with perfect cieaIness anu SlnpiciWi
eo.i opsierd5a for heir rglt, te hr 4Iu
r Tescr or rbsrs nj. reres equality al e-t Iae2casnos
Of eli distinct states amen'a principe VI public hE" lAs,
Gen. Haileck, whose work is not surpassed by any
other i'm practical value wuic quoting especially Yatel
IAN 5var u stats wi,hoat respect relative roacr
trbs bound by tie s.1- due, m o1LstSu"
iEsIeek, Inseraa,iousl Law, Caal. ". Sec -
Thus does each authority reflect the other whhethe
whole tosgther present the eguty Of na9ni as sa
ing principle not TO be neglected or dishOnored -,
pie has been openly deed by our Government IN tAe
treatment OF tie Black kBnD1c Ol Hag M te ae
manner Of the menace being IN trDsttiCe anG N ilIn
In both respects the Adwsd did what be would have
done to powerful nation, and what We should never al
low any nation 90 DO tOus.
Hayti was weak, and the gallant Admiral rowing
ashore pushed 10 the Executive Mtnsion where alter
what he called friendly ysii, he sruck at the ndepen
denee Of :nc Black Republic, pointing rom the windows
Of the Executive Mansion 10 his powerful navy aud
threatening employ against the Hlytan capitol
In sinking Haytan ships FOR the present cohs4er thls
mureeedented iusoence only far an oftnse
against the equality OF nations anu here t may he tired
easily. Toink You tnat We should have done
YOU that any foreign Power coud have aone II to uf
But If right in toward Hayu, II would be rght IN rs
toward Egand France or SPAN; and t would be right
i'm lny fonign Power coward ne. II II ght Ia
toward Hayti then might England France, Spain, or
Havti herself do the same 10 u.s. Imagine fore feet
anchored OH Alexandria while the Admiral, pulling
ashore In his boat. hnrres TO the Executive Alh0hai
sips, visible from tno windows. and menaces their
thunder. Or, to De more precise suppose the hayan
Navy TO return the compliment here IN tue FoOIla@
But Just I'm proportion We condemn any IOIegA el,
including Hay fleet, doing TINS thing DO We CON-
denim ourselves The case u clear. We ala not treat
Hayt rs peer The great principle OF tie equality
| OF nations we have openly set at naught.
To cXenuate TINS plain outrage nave heard i said.
same rules of conduct applicable Ia other nations SOL
have heard and this indeed il the only possible defense
Tor the outrage. As in Oihog days IL prOdmedtha1
a black had no rights which white man was bOlnl 70
respect this defense assumes me same thg u the
Black Republic But AZ last the black man has utnned
equal rights, and sO insist, has the Black Republic As
well deny the one as the other by an act oI congress-
the session OF loG2 diplomatic relations were established
between the United States and Hayt and the resens
! seutatives there At first we were represented
! by u Commissioner and Consul General now u
Tftff- - Dn md l :
! Thus, by act OF Congress and the apPhr
ment Of Minister have We recognized tne tqaa psa1 s
of Hayti the family OF nations. and placed the bS.
! Republic under the safeguard OF that great axiom o.
! interuational law which makes it impossible fofusb
! In harmony with the United states, the Almanac 70
Gotha where the authentic not official list o na9a'
entitled 10 equal rights, contains the name OF hrL
Thus is the Black Republic enrolled as an equal; ag
Yet have We struck at TINS equality How Otel AlsI
pleaded that all men are equal before the law ana .Ss
plead that all nations are equal before tnc a"' nN'O
| distinction OF color.
BBIIIGEREST INTERVENTION CONTRARY TO B1kK~
TIoNAL LAW.
From one violation Of international law Ipass 10 az
other The proceedings as already detailed sho" ~F
lgerent intervention, contrary 80 internaona' iS"
Here my statement viii be brief
According TO all the best authorities In harmony WI"
reason no nation has right TO Interfere by oesei'
Intervention In the internal affairs OF another anu o
ciay to take part in civil feud, except unue' 0D-
tons which wanting here; nor has II rsh' v lls
fere by Deligerent intervention De'"eeh "" "a
ent nations The general rule imposed o monein % ~ T,s
zaon has been non Intervention; but TINS rue ps,
more than scientific expression OF that saw nstVnI
die Confines the famous Minister OF Louis Al ~ dsgs
God does NOT wish that one nation should play tne ae
| with another" Not TO occupy time Win au'nJ heh sr
content myself with some Of our own country, Wshar
clear and explicit and begin wltn Hc0is , 81 Dee
| ton who wrote to Lafayette under da'e VI W.
! l70S: , -, t...-,,i ,o,oern, fH
Other sIS'pf c5r fe ssry Of {, due 10 @eH~'''
Writings Of Washington Vol Xl, p SSz) , ,.,,,a,ly ghG
| Wheaton Lays down the same ruie su''
! he says i, 4. .h,.h ease. Of insts,Asf
I,riIf bV ncSssgg OF 'dA Psn',..
| ca.," fwheaou Elements Of International Law p TO- ~
Tbus does wheaton, Ike Washington, ' iqunq seba
tion An the necessity OF the cas-. ~. ,tos
| thought OF founding II on q scuein' i0
In harmony With Washington and wheaton, '''
| UaIeck in his excellent wOrk: l.-,.l ,sco-infIs