Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1871-10-20
From tie New York Herald.
Chicago.


wher the war Of 1872 broke out, Chicago,
great Chicago. consisted Of e wooden fort called
Dearborn. erected in 1901, " to supply the In
dams wants and control the Indian policy"
The Indians. awakened by the !mpassioned rhe
toric of the powerful leader Tecumseh were
piited sgsius; the Americans. There were a few
friendly Iueiaus. and some OF these were around
the Dearborn II. which was tben in poser
sion Of sixty OF uur soldiers under Captain Head.
Word wa sent % him BY friendly Indian from
General Ilsll, thea III command Of the NorthTes-
tern Army, 10 cyacuate the fort and distribute
the srms. Ammunition snd all United States pro
perty among the friendly Indians. The lndisn
messenger arrived ON the 7th q August, and
urged ihe captain 20 comply vito the orders
without "a moments notice, before tue powerful
Po-taactomi,s would have time 10 hsrsss him on
HE retreat lie ueglec.el this for five days
When be did r.sle The proposal 10 the lndlans
trey accepted bis Cirr that they should escort
HIN to Fort wayre, but he represented Of this
and destroyed all the arms except such as we're
actually necessary The Indians declared they
had been betrsyej, and refused 70 be bound by
their contract. Accordingly, when Captain
Head, in spite OF this warning, marched forth
on the l2Jh Of August. the Indians who, TO the
number cf 500 warriors. escorted them, suddenly
left the rosd and poured volley into their
flank 4 Ugh; easuel. in which thirty-.hree
soldiers were Gu; 10 pieces, the remaining TWEEN
ty-seven yielding themte,yes prisoners. The
women and children were butcherei AMI the
fort p,Cnlerel AMI burned.
Sach vas the sad Renaissance OF border
wsrfsle which she rising Garden City grsdu
sly eifaced. As the West lose wonderfully
into life 20 with Chicago As it became the
emporium Of tie rich products Of the Tropics,
the cerests Of the temperate zone and the
timber and other valuable commodities Of the
colder region Of Americs, the immigrant from
older Europe and the citizeps Of the Eastern
States mingled in her throbbing heart.
The coal fields were developed and added
new impetus to her life The pineries Of
Michigan and Wisconsin were sending their
lumber TO her d5ors. As fine a grain land as
the globe can boast was burning into gold
around her Hides and tallow were becoming
staples Of her commerce, and in beef and pork
the was rivalling the Porkopolis Of the Union.
She had gathered around her an army Of ardent
spirits, whose desires Of success were on par
with her prospects, and the advance Of Chicsgo
became triunphsl march. Staid old st. Louis,
on the Father Of Waters, looked on with some
thing of smazement at the-pick-snd-spsn dash
Of her houriFhing young neighbor. Following
the capacities Of young Chicago came
FACILITIES or COMMUNICATION.
The iron ways spread around her like a let, con
Meeting her with Montreal, Quebec and Portlsnd
on the northeast New York, Boston, Philadel-
phia, Cincinnati and all the great points on the
east with Charleston and Savannah On the
southeast, and Mobile and New Orleans on the
south. Canals were dug that wster might carry
Whist steam would not Never was such a mush-
room city seen. OF the fabulous fortunes which
were made in the advance
PRICE N REAL EkTATE
alone !; were impossible to tell in day. Land
formed or swamp neglected SIS waste within If
teen years Of the present date appreciated 50
narveliously in value that it was little wonder
it overshot the mark three or four years ago and
has luctuated ever since. Fort Dearborn, which
was rebuilt in 1916, was pulled down in 1851.
Ii stood in what is now the very heart Of the
city-at the junction Of Michigan avenue with
Lake street-and again its site has been licked
with the forked tongue Of the fiery element
which left its first structure heap Of ashes.
In 1893 the town was first worthy Of that
name
IL 1887 IT WAS GRANTED \ CHARTER.
The first vessel un!osded at its wharf June II,
1884, and in 1897 its population outside Of hogs.
demoralized Indians and dogs was 4,l70. In
1884 there were thirty-fye houses, mostly log
huts. To give some idea of its human advance
il is only necessary to know that in lS45 it num-
hered $50 souls, in 1877 1t was IL, $50, in 1850
it totalled 2S,269, in 1855 it counted S0.023 in
1860 it ruse to 100, 2G3 in 1865 it embraced
lis, 5S9, and the GENIUS Of 1870 allows to the /
city proper 299, so, while including its suburbs I
it footed up,
AT LEAST THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND I
SOULS.
Like all western cities, it WAS built at first /
principally Of wood, and indeed Its compars-
tive cheapness, coupled with the scarcity and .
dearness of other building material, made this .
a necessity Built originally in the midst of .
swamp land, it WAS subject to the periodical over
flow from the rising Of the waters from Lake
Michigan, and the result was that much
valuable property was thus destroyed. Be
rides the drainage wss defective, owing to the
low level Of the greater part of the land on
which the city was built In 1865 this led the
City Fathers to take bold step, and the proper
authorities having been gained. it was ordered
hat
THE ENTIRE CITY BE RAIsED.
houses and all. to form three to eight and in
The difficulty Of this feat and the mSnner in
which it was surmounted lie a standing boast
'mong the worthy citizens Of the fsted town.
Il the outlying districts, where the streets and
venues have hot been raised to the required
evel, it is common to zee the sills Of the doors Of
he houses built here and there along the
cute raised ten or twelve feet above the path
ray, with wooden stair on either side leading
0 platform along the front This popularity
nd the wooden piles on which most Of the
uildings were raised help to make the already
Dmbustible material of the town a ready prey
, the devouring element.
The site Of the city is a gently inclined plane,
mining back for three miles from the lake,
I'D only reaching an elevation above the lake
from fifteen to eighteen feet in all that extent.
ehind it runs through a diution into pure
country into the hmitless fat prairie In
ngth along the lake it extends for ten miles,
Id over all that extent is even on the suburbs
ickly built upon. 1t is
DIVIDED INTO THREE PARIS
e North, South and West-by the Chicago
yer and its branches, north South Chicago.
e district most terribly visited by the fire.
s between the Chicago river, the south branch Z
the lake, and comprises the entire business
rtiou.
THE VERY HEART or THE CITY,
IN which its commercial life-blood flowed. and
ere tie social amenities centred. The court
lse, the great hotels, banks, theatres and CT
Espsper Offices, are here. State Street, the
IN street OF the city, was one 10 be remem-
ed when once seen, with it's great piles Of IN IN
pc, marble sud iron rearing their proud heads cei
We its stately width and crowded with the
til, wit. fashion AMI wealth Of the West on Il
wide footways. while the wagons Of COM
-ce rumbled along its pavement South
TX Street, grand also in its commercial opu-
,e, was a magnificent sight by night, with it's W
At length lit by myriad gas lamps. Dear
n's Street WAS another, and Is Sale Street,
ing in the Michigan and Southern Railway
Of South Wells Street, too, WAS a grand
nue Of trade, and over along the Lake, where
higsn and Wabash Avenue runs for five
e, were gathered the tasteful houses and
VILLAS OF THE "soLID MEN
he Garden City. These avenues form de-
tful drive, and were much frequented by the
ems when free from their go-ahead toll To 7
east Of Central Avenue, into which Michi- ~
Avenue runs, stood few hours ago, per-
THE LARGEST RAILROAD DEPOT que
be continent, that of the Illinois Central >,
Michigan Southern Railroads. On the lake nv
Of the square which this forms, and along to 5
mouth Of the Chicago River, are situated
Of the tall grain elevators, which are, or
;, such a feature in this city. Their loss,
ther with the grain they contained, will be n.
serious. Along the Chicago River, on
er Street and Lake, are the houses of the
mission brokers, where most Of the transfer
ness of the city is carried on. The north
west sides, near the rivers. are occupied by BIZ
VARIOUS MANUFACTURING INTERnrs
iental to the features of its trade, such as
and planning mills, pork packing, &c. The
sinder Of the city, with certsin exceptions,
es as dwellings for the people, and such
ness as domestic wants require. To pic
all this wonderful, brilliant, powerful city
yesterday, with its financial, commercial,
al and domestic roofs stretched out to the
ote quarters Of the earth, its market quota
G and opinions among ourselves, it's prices a,
grains, hides and lumber IN Europe, its
e connections reaching through San Fran
70 China and Lana, .,1 =. -t