davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01


in 1914 rom the island Of Rhodes IN the
Mediterranean, because Of its fancied re-
semblance to that Island.
OoNNECTICUT-This il the English or
biography Of the Indian word Quon ch-ta-
cut, which signifies b" the long river"
New YoRK-Nawed by the Duke Of
York, under color Of the title given him by
the English crown in 1894
NEW JERSEY SO called in honor W
Sir George Carteret, who was Governor
Of the Island Of Jersey, in the British
Channel.
PENNsYLvANIA-From William Penn
the founder of the colony, meaning Penn's
Woods.
DELAwARE-Wa as named for Lord dc IA
Ware, first Governor Of Virginia
MARYLAND-Was SO called in honor VI
Queen Henrietta Maria.
NORTH AND SoUTn CAROIINA-Wcrc
originally in one contract, called Carolina,
after Charles TX, OF France, IN 1904.
Subsequently, in 1865, the name was al
tered
GEoRGIA-So called in honor Of George
IT,, who established a colony in that region
in 1882.
FLORIDA-POnce de Leon, who discov-
cred this portion Of North America in 5l2,
named it Florida, in commcmoration Of the
day he landed there, which was 10 Pasquas
dc Flores Of the Spaniards, or Feast
Of Flowers" otherwise known as Easter
Sunday.
ALABAMA-Formerly q portion Of Mis-
sissippi Territory, admitted into the Union
az State in 1919 The pane il of Indian
origin, signifying here we rest"
MIss1ssrPPI-Formerly portion of the
province of Louisiana. So named in 1870
from the great river on il western line.
The term is Of Indian origin, meaning 'long
river
LOUISIANA - From Louis XIV, of
France, who for some time prior to 1853
owned tue territory.
ARKANsAs-From "Kansas. the Indian
word for smoky water" With the French
prefix "arc," bow.
TENNEssEE-In Indian for river " thc
big bend" J. G., the Mississippi, which is
its boundary.
KENTUCKY-Indian for Eat the heal of
N the river
ONO - From the Indian, meaning
theautiful" Previously applied NJ thc
river, which traverses a great part 81 its
\ borders.
MIcmGAN-PIcyiously applied 10 TIE
lake. the Indian name for fish weir no
called from the fanciyd resemblance of thc
lake to a FISH trap
INDIANA-So called IN 1902 from the
American Indians.
IIL1voIs-From The Indian illiDi, !"
men, and the French suflix "ois," together
signifying tribe Of men"
Indian name for wild.
rushing channel.
MISSOURI Named in 1921 Gom thc
great branch Of the Mississippi. which
flows through it. Indian term, meaning
/" muddy"
lowA-FroE the Indian, signifying 'thc
drowsy ones"
MINNEsoTA-Indian for cloudy water. n
CAMFoRNIA-The name given by Cortcs
the discoverer Of that region. He probably
obtained it from an old Spanish romance,
in which an imaginary island of that name
! is described as abounding in gold
OREGoN - According 70 some, from
the Indian oregon. River of tho
West Others consider il derived from
the Spanish oregana, wild maJcrdm
whieh grows abundantly on the Pacifo
coast
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
Capital, 100000

DIRECTORS.
LUIS VAIL, ISAAC q. aiLSDN.
JOHN Z. WALSH EDMUND NFNCFy
L. II, beOMtR, CHAIR ES j.. SHEDD
JACOB q. SHiPWERC.
OFFIC DRs.
JACaE Il. sHIPHFEn, President
EDMUND 2. NENSEE. Vic pros't
OhAkLES B. SuEDD Cashier.
Hon. l. @. WILSON, Counsel
once Hours from NJ A.N to ir-v, md Saturday
,venir e from ~ NJ
Deposits & FIVE ENrS arj upward s,c.ivcd, and
interest AZ N rate o s'N P"r cent prr anrun low I'd
Pavsble semi-anuually
Interest rot srawn ont added g. the deposit thu
"Sslng compound inta-est
hoGey dvpo tied on or before t'c Fiftn day of each
month draws int rest for the full month.
Married women ami children under agf may der r-it
",n-y 50 that no enc IL, : ach II.
noueys may b" oepo tied :or childrtL. by lie
' Is as trust funds SUBJECT to special ionditiOEs.
Sod and silver bought, Domestic auE Foreign En-
'Nah-s sCid aDd general banking tiles afforded
lo4 Twenty Second Street.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

An old lady sat in her old arm chair,
With wrink,ed visage and dishevelled hair
And hunger worn features
For days and for weeks her only fare,
As she sat in her old arm chair,
Had been potatoes.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

A money-bunter being about to marry a
fortune, 'rlerd asked him bow long the
honeJ moon would last Dent tell me
of the hcneym7- b r-ried I" II i the
harvest moon with ne
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

Imprinted periodical, entitled the Spirit Of
Freedom. The extreme opinions advocated
by it prevented it from attaining consid-
cradle circulation, and even cost Massey
three situations in eleven months but
there we're not wanting those who detected
IN the wild and almost extrayagant utter
ances Of Massey the signs Of genius that
was capable OF better things Nor were
they mistaken In the GhristiGn Social
Est, and afterwards In the Leader, there al
peared from his zen several poems of OK
quisite beauty, and strangely at variance
with the almost savage wildness of his
political lyrics. Gerald Massey was indeed
a poet.
Friends now gathered around him, and
be was encouraged to prepare small vol
ume OF verse for the press. 1t consisted
chiefly of his earlier pieces, and was pub
lished by The late Mr. Bogue Its success
was immediate and decided, and before
many weeks had elapsed the whole country
was ringing with the fame Of its new poet,
the humble man who had 50 encrgetically
fought his upward way from the ranks Of
toll to the gate of the golden temple Pre-
served by bis intense love Of the Beautiful,
bis soul-worship Of Nature, from the effects
Of those degrading influences which have 70
often proved the bane of our workmen-poets
Gerald Massey has lived to free himself f
from the erroneous impressions which led
him, in some Of bis earlier pieces, to sing Of
the rich as if they were the natural enemies
Of the poor. He has learned that amid all
the faults and vices Of modern society, the
glorious work of briGe.ar over re two
great divisions Of IT, community " hc'r.
steadily proceeded j 1 A. sssfr h'rn
sew says:
" There's no desr,u ., =. Sa-s-
In this world Of ours
Only, in ur blindness,
We gather thorDs for hlwers."
And so, with the fresh light afforded him,
Gerald Massey bas steadily worked on in
the course which he has chosen, striving
with the voice Of poetry to cheer lie hearts
Of bis fellow workers, and to soothe
the sufferings Of those over whose for
tunes Poverty has cast her diSheartening
spell.
AS writer for the press, be has found
congenial sphere for the exercise Of his
abilities, and the bestoWal of a pension by
the late Lord Palmerston has to some ex-
tent rendered him less dependent upon his
pen for a livelihood.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
Names of the states.

MArNE-So called from the province n
Maine, in France, in compliment to Queen
Henrietta, Of England, who, II has been
said, owned that province. This is the
commonly received opinion.
NEw HAMPsHIRE Named by John
Mason, 10 1889 ~ who, with another, Oh
tanned the grant from the crown-from
Hampshire county, in England. The for
mer name Of the domain was Laconia.
VRRMoNT-From the French ucra mont,
or green mountain, indicative Of the noun
famous nature of the State This name
was first officially recognized January l6,
1777.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
Rules for Living.

One rule for living happily with others
Is to avoid having stock subjects OF dispu
tation. 1t mostly happens, when people
live much together, that they come to have
certain set topics, around which, from ire
quent dispute, there is such growth OF
angry words, mortified vanity, and the
IKE, that the original subject Of difference
becomes standing subject for quarrel,
ana there is tendency in all minor dis
putes TO drift down to Ii. Again il peo-
PIE wish to live well together, they must
nor holdto logic, and supposethat every
thing is TO be settled by sufficient reason.
Dr. johnson saw this clearly, and with re-
gard to married people, he said: Wretch
ed would be the pair above all names of
wretchedness, who would be doomed To
ADJUST by reason, every morning, all the
minute details Of a domestic day." But
the application should be much more gen.
eral than he has made it. There is no
time for such reasOnings, and nothing that
is worth them. And when we recollect
how two lawyers, or two politicians, can
go on contending, and that there is no end
OF one sided reasoning ON any subject, we
shall not be sure that such contention is
the best mode for arriving at truth. But
certainly it is not the way TO arrive at
good temper.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09

SETTING SHADE TREES What is the OBJ
Ject OF shade trees. and where should they
be set: One object in setting is to beauti-
~ and adorn the premises, and another
utility he elm, maple. horse chestnut.
and Eastwood are selected by many for
such purposes. But We submit that
cherry tree affords quite as attractive an
appearance as any of those named. and il
has the advantage Of yielding cool and re-
ireshlng fruit. We see no reason WHY
fruit trees may not be planted by the road
side As well as the few shade trees that
now have place there. Just imagine the
vast amount of choice fruit that might be
thus grown for the benefit OF the poor and
landiess OF any given neighborhood. A
fruit tree costs no more, and Is as easily
grown a. common shade trees
In every township embracing a territory
OF niles square, and the average is above
that number, there are upward of so miles
OF highway. Now if fruit trees be set M
the distance OF % feet apart, In every such
township there could be raised upwards
of 1000 trees, which We make no doubt.
would afford more than Is trees for the
use of every family in the town. Ifone
but consider the subject with earnestness.
one must he convinced OF the feasibility of
80 providing for the stinted portion of
community and gratifying the desire for
identifying ones premises at the same
time.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
* rieultural.
A Word to the Farmers.


We devote a portion of the fourth page
to agricultural matters, and desire to have
this page the most interesting of the form.
Let it be understood, then that We extend
cordial invitation to the farmers Of this
county, and other citizens, to occupy this
portion of the paper. Communications
need not be long enough for essays, nor
learned enough to provoke the envy of q
Lieoig, but just long enough to tell our
readers what has been their experience,
and what are their conclusions on the
various questions engaging the attention
of the intelligent farmer and mechanic.
Most every one has an experience in Gull
tivating his land or in planting or SOW
ing some particular crop, that would be
valuable 10 his neighbors, If made known !;
now why will not our plain farmers give
w. this information. in their own language
and way, making their communications as
short rs need be? This is what we want I;
and If 1t shall stimulate and provoke those
who are now as dumb as marble statues to
open their mouths and to use their pens, a
good work will have been done.
The farmers and mechanics of this coun-
" have been recipients of the farms Of
others, without contributing any thing to
the common stock of general information
quite too long, and 1t is time 10 repay
some Of Ibis debt. 1t would not be doing
justice t. our farmers TO say that they
cannot write, or that they have not in the
wears past gathered up some knowledge
which VIII be of use 20 their brethren OF
Ike vocation. SO, therefore, II in the
past this class has been like the sponge.
silently and effectually sucking up the good
words and experience of others. let them
ow begin to disgofge and contribute to
she general stock.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09

Coal AsHEs.-What to do with them is
aquestion often asked and often unsatis-
factorily answered. The best use TO
which they can be put in domestic way
is probably as deodorizer and absorbent
in the now well-known ..earth-closets. :"
Used in this way these ashes will be worth
say from $50 to 500 year applied as ma
nure. Ifapplied to land these ashes are
OF themselves beneficial, especially il the
land to which they are applied is either
very heavy or very light. Their action is
almost entirely mechanical, simply making
a sandy soil more tenacious and heavy soil
less So As an element Of plant-food their
value is almost inappreciable. An earth
closet, however, solves all the difficulties
and utilizes much that will otherwise 90 to
waste.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
Farm and Garden.

Ben Pcrlcy Ioore. the Journalist, has on
has farm at West Newbury, Mass. a plan.
tation of live acres of oaks started thirty
years ago. Many of them are now forty
feet high
II Is said that English gardeners have
successfully used strips of India rubber in
the place of grating wax. Ii has the adj
vantage of being neater, more perfect. and
not soiling the fingers.
The corn crop in Illinois last fall was
the soundest for many years.
An agricultural exchange thinks that
i've per cent, and perhaps ten. could be
added to the milk product OF the cows OF
the county If these rules were observed:
l. Never hurry cows in driving to and
ifom thu pasture.
>. Milk nearly al equal intervals; at
half past five in the morning and six at
night are good hours.
3 BE especially tender of the COW at
milking time.
1. When seated, draw the milk as rap
idly A. possible, being certain to always
get it all.
>. Never talk or think of anything be-
sides what Won are doing when milking.
6. pfcr some careSs. and always a sooth-
ing word, when you approach a COW and
when you leave her.
We crow over our Yankee agricultural
implements. but they are running away
from Us in England IN one respect as there
are not less than Thousand sets OF steam
blowing apparatus in regular use on Eng
fish farms.
A sensible writer says that the blame OF
balky and scarey horses belongs to those
who teach them to be so: A horse can
easily DO taught 10 pull by the traces, or
by the halter-strap. II you wan; hi m to
pnll well on the halter, all you have To do
i 10 hitch him with something he can
easily break, and he will soon learn TO pail
back with such force that no bride will
hold him. If you want him to pull well
IN the traces, give him a light load until
he learns to move it. and he will soon pull
lis best At heavy load -
The Journal Of Horticulture objects 10
whitewaSAing the bark of fruit-trees on
the ground of the looks and Of its formi ne
a coating that tends to exclude the air.
Albert Bryant, the President of the Hi
noiS Horticultural Society, thinks that
persimmons are worth cultivating as or
namental trees, and, in the case of the ear
her varieties, for their fruit
The Rural Voc Yorker character ICES tn,
PfaCtlce d locking the tail OF horse as
most Internal proceedin g. and 1.-The
most miserable thing that one brute car
infict on another
Eastern gardeners ind horse radish a
very profitable plant Il is in gre at de.
mand by the pickle makers and has aver
aged yield, Of late vars, Of $500 per acre.
great many farmers are coming 10 tn e
conclusion that IL does not pay TO run
their homes as boarding houses for hir ed
hep and are building tenant houses and
getting married laborers. Said York
iarmer; Il have always boarded my hel D
until the present seas n, but | shall new er
do 1t sgain. built tenant house yonder.
aud he pointed 10 neat little domlcile
twenty rods from his own, land il has
paid its cost already in the added privacy
ana quiet il has enabled me TO enjoy, an d
IN the great lessening OF work for the wo-
men folks
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09

THE KITCHEN GARDEN.-Of the hun
dreds Of thousands Of farmers In this coun-
try, few give any attention to the kitchen
garden farther than to raise few potatoes.
squashes. beets, peas, little corn. and
some lettuce and cabbages. None OF the
small fruits receive any attention what
ever.
Formerly few currants were permitted
10 struggle above the grass yielding the
smallest kind of fruit, but now the worm
has put a stop to even this.
We maintain that every man owning an
acre. or even less, OF land which he Guilt
Yates. should grow all OF the currants.
. raspberries, strawberries, blackbcrries.
gooscberries. grapes, ounces, apples and
pears which his family can By any POSSIBLE
ity consume during the year.
No one is injured BY eating good ripe
fruit. IL serves TO keep the system in
healthful condition. 1t assists the organs
in digesting other food. We are persuad-
ed that II should find place upon the Ia
BILE at every meal. But We can't continue
the subject, the very thought OF 1t has
placed our mouth and appetite in most
aggrayatins condition. We want some
bread and milk with baked apples Give
u the country and country food. The city
OF New York Is no place for a human be-
ing TO live in.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
Xindline Coal Firea

Before coal kindles It must be heated
through and through, made hot enough TO
blister the fingers in an instant, although
still black. It is easy to see that Q small
bit Of coal will get thus heated sooner than
a larger one; hence the smaller the coal,
the sooner it will ignite.
Coal must be kindled with wood. The
wood will give out q certain amount Of
heat, and no more; and as q given amount
of heat is necessary to kindle the coal, the
more wood, and the less coal, and the
smaller the peices, the sooner and more
certain will the fire be lighted.
In the face of these facts, persons are
frequently seen In rail cars, when the fire
in the stove is low, to put on q large
amount of coal, the result being that the
more coal put on, the more the fire will
not burn, because the small amount OF
heat is distributed ever q large amount OF
coal, all OF which Is heated some, but
none of it heated enough for ignition.
The more certain IL is to go out.
The best way to replenish coal FIRE is to
put on a small amount OF coal while IL Is
burning well; and after this Is thoroughly
kirdled, and has been red for a short time.
add little more coal. In this way fire
may be kept burning a whole day In a
crate without using the poker once: and
good housekeepers know that every time
poker is used, the ashes fly in every dir
ection. aud valuable time Is expended in
brushing them up. II the poker must be
used. the time to % il is when fresh coal
has been thoroughly kindled, for then
there is no danger OF its going out.
II a coal Ore is burning too much, either
cover IL with some OF the ashes which
have fallen through the CRATE; this makes
| the mass more compact. and diminishes
| the draught, or II 1t desirable to put the
| fire out altogether. as when going to bed
| press the coal down from the top with S
shovel or blunt-edged poker.
1t has been the custom TO use the larg-
est-sized coal for the furnace this requires
a great waste of wood In kindling, besides
| much time is lost In firing up in the morn.
ing. the very time when most heat /.
wanted, and wanted quickly. 1t will tax,
less coal, and give incomparably NOR,
comfort. TO feed . furnace with coal. tn,
largest piece OF which Is not larger thar
hens egg, only taking care TO put on
little coal every hour. Observation an
| close calculating economy has shown thi.
| 10 all our river boats, tugs, and steamers
| Halls Journal Of Health.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
~ Farm tor sale.
Deer Isle, -Hlll's Remedy.

THE inhabitants Of Deer Isle have been liberal
] patrons Of HILLS REMEDY, 1 think il has
done them good, y. Ciosson at the North and W.
II II. sponord nj Northwest who has closed his
agency and settled up his accounts, and now the
agency waits call from some wide awake trader
70 order, and Lo IL comes. Hon. 7. Warren Co.
nfDesert has had IL; candidly assert thai no
dealer in medicine Is doing the right thing Nv
suffering community without having Hills RENE
dy constantly on hand. Orders solicited Found
wholesale in Boston, Bangor and Portland,
West Waterville, Ne. 3msi
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
An Ayrshire Herd in Eastern Jr.ine

Mr.. Frank Buck, of OrIand-one of the
most enterprising and intelligent farmers
i'll Eastern Maine-is gra iually working
Into a choice herd of Ayrshires, and al
ready has seven thoroughbred animals of
this class. Among them is the bull 'Norval.
from the herd OF Mr.. T. s. Gold, Cornwall
Conn.,, now one year old, whose pedigree
viii be in the forthcoming Ayrshire Herd
Book: and several fine heifen and cows,
one of which has just dropped her hrst
calf at ls months old-being . nice he ifer
calf We admire Mr.. Bucks systematic
and careful course OF breeding, and trust
he viii be rewarded by ample sales to gen.
erous purchasers, whenever in the future,
his herd admits of his entering upon tn s
course. Maine Farmer.
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
Farm fOl. sale.
or TO LET,
TO A SMART TENANT.

T'HE SUBSCRIBER OFFERS FOR SALE :.
L farm, or farms, situated on the lower en- d Of
LONG ISLAND, BLUEHILL BAY. This offers q
rsse chance, 70 young and industrious man. TO
make money, - can les him have what land he
nay want; and oAere IL one Of the hest chances
20 CkAHnERRr CULTURE u the county. Besides,
0e iand u excellent for tillAge, or for grass. Ii
inquire Of the subscriber 1t sedgwick Ne.
sedgwick. Feb. Is, 1871. AVA
Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1871-03-09
Miscellaneous.

Mr.. DAVID A. WELLS REPORT on STATE
TAXATION Mr.. Wells shew in his repor,
In many ways and by numerous cases =
First. That state or municipal taxation
Is now, in all OF the STATES. unsystematic.
needlcssly interfering with Industry, I'M
certain OF collection, in many cases op-
pressiVc and often, certainly In New York
State, so burdensome As 10 drive AWAY
capital and make many industrial enter
prises impossible. Second. that among
the chief causes for these vices Is the at
tempt made TO subject personal property
of every kind 70 taxation. Third the at
tempt TO tax personal property has every
where failed because of the eyasions OF
capital, and that II Is therefore been the
form of taxation most injurious ~ indust-
ry where II was actually levied but par
tial. and thus unjust in its bearing be-
cause it could not be collected fairly ap.l
generally. Fourth, he exhibits different
| contrary decisions OF courts In different
States concerning the place " here personal
estate may be rightly taxed, showing an
astonishing degree OF confusion. Fifth,
he shows the practice of other countries In
not attempting 10 tax personal estate and
EXHIBITS the important results of such eX-
emption In favor OF the industries OF such
countries against our own Mr. Wells
suggests two outline codes to carry out
the provisions recommends for securing
personal property. The first OF these pro-
vides that the capital stock and property
OF any corporation OF this State organized
as trust company, ferry, plank road or
turnpike company, savings bank, nre or
marine insurance company and bank or
company to receive deposits or make loans
and shares in such banks and all foreign
insurance companies doing business in the
State shall be taxed rs at present, and that
private bankers shall be taxed on their
capital employed and on no less a sum
than one fourth Of their average deposits.
but that no other personal property shall
be taxed. All lands shall be assessed at
one half OF their valne and all buildings
at their full value. The second outline of
a code provides that the companies named
IN the previous code shall be taxed AS
heretofore, except that such companies
may deduct from the total Of their capital
and reserve the assessed value of their
real estate. Occupiers of real estate ar.
to be assessed the sum equal TO three times
the annual rented value OF the premises
This sum is to be added TO their personal
assessment and the tax upon 1t to be col
lected Ia the same manner as other person.
al taxes, but no other personal property
shall betaxed