New-York tribune., 1871-01-16
traet a universal peace from the London Conferenee

tract a universal peace from the London Conference
about to assemble.
THE CIRCUMSTANCES UNDER WHICH THE CON-
FERENCE MEETS-TITE PRESENT POSITION OF
THE BLACK SEA QUESTION.
The European Conference which begins its
deliberations tomorrow, in London has been caused by
the circulars addressed in November TO the principal
European Powers by Prince Gortschakof In these he
declared that Russia would no longer consider herself
bound by the Treaty of Paris far 1t restricted her
from having shpsof-war inhe Black Sea. Addressing
England who. next TO Turkey, the most deeply In
terested in the Treaty. Prince Gortscako pointed ont
the various ways which it had been violated and the
manifest injustice of preventing Russia from properly
defending her own coast He then, in these explicit
terms, defined the decision of the Car:
"Our august cannot admit in law that the trea
clauses, remain obligatory in those which touch the
direct interests Of his Empire. His Imperial Majesty
depend fiction which has withsood the test of
time and be p9 IN peril by his respect Tor engagefrs zen %
peror cOndng in the sentiments OF equity OF the sigma
tory powers Of the Treaty of 1885, and in the conscious
they have of their dignity nsructs you TO de-
clare that His Imperial Majesty can no longer consider
himself bound by the obligations Of the Treaty OF 18th
18th March 1855, far these limit bis right OF S0yer
eighty in the Black Sea-"
The Russian Chancellor, however, addedEthat the En-
peror ready TO come TO understanding with the
Powers who signed this arrangement either TO confirm
its general stipulatiOns them, to substi
tute them any other equitable arrangement which
may be thought suitable to secure the repose OF the Last
and the European equilibrium"
The Russian declaration Immediately produced an out
burst of ind gnationiIn England The leading journals
declared that it impossible to admit for moment
the Cars assumption; that the question involved the
very existence" of England Power, and that the
retracton OF the Russian circular should he demanded
under the penalty Of immediate war" The Government
reply firm, but not defiant in tone, that OF
of Nov. 10. represented that the course pur-
sued Russia
tying the entire treaty, and, after dealing with
that it impossible for Her M9esty's Government
to give sanction on their part to the course an
serving that if Russia had proposed the question OF mod
flying the treaty with the approval OF the Powers who
quite willing to discuss the matters and that whatever
might have been the result risk Of future complca-
tiOns would have been avoided.
Prince GOrtschako replied. Nov. 20, that tho at-
te9pts 10 ssSemDs the IoSeTs % IN & General %
position in which the treaty left Russia has become more
any way the tenor OF the original note made h iouoW
ing observations which convey the consent OF Russia 10
the present Conference and indicate the character Its
1--WE cannot admit that the sbrogation Of purely tho
ton and which visibly restores TO Russia right of
which no Great Power could consent to be deprived,
ought to be considered as menace TO peace nor tha IN
avoiding point Of the Treaty of 1856 the abrogaon
OF all is implied. The Imperial Cabinet never had any
such intention. On the contrary, communication OF
oct l9 declared, in the most explicit terms, that HIS
Majesty the Emperor maintains his adhesion ~ the gen
era principles Of Treaty 1856 and that he is ready
tO come agreement with the signatory Powers Of
Treaty eitheS confirm its general stpnlations
10 renew them substitute for them other equit
able arrangement which may be thought suitable 10
ce repose Of the East and the equilibrium OF Europe
There seems then TO be reason why the Cabinet OF
London should not If it please, enter into on eXp!dna-
tOn with the signatOries OF the Treaty OF 1896 For our
part ready to JOIN in deiiseTati0n having Tor
its object the settlement OF guarantees Tor the cOnsd
of peace In the East and are persuaded hat fresh
guarantees would be found in the removal OF perns-
nent cause OF irritation existing between the two Powers
which are the directly Interested. Their mutual
relations would be firmly established on the basis
of good and solid understanding.
Earl Granville promptly proceeded to Issue invitations
Conference TO meet JAN g. but subsequently post
pOned IL until the nth INST. ,., ..,-
The diplomatic correspondence Of Russia with Austria
resulted in Austria virtually accedng to the proposed
nfraction while dsapprovng OF the form in which II
was made known TO the several Poweys. AS regards
Germany il is now beyond doubt THAI there Is Secret
practically nufy the Treaty OF Paris is accorded to the
Gar. Turkey apparently regards the deliberations OF
the coming Conference with indifference, looking upon
evidently only brief respite from further e&actOns
on the part Russia and, like many similar assem-
blages the prelude TO desperate Italy maintains
on this question the same reserve that she
has shown toward the belhgerents III the
FranoO-Geunan war. France is no longer
able to dictate to Europe, and win be more concerned
Government Of National Defense has not made known
it, views on the question at issue.
The Powers who we've parties 10 the treaty OF lSjt ana
their probable representatives az the Conference are as
follows: England, Earl Granville; Austria Count APP
pOny Prussia Count Bernstorf; France no represent
at4ve named; Italy. Count CadOrna Russia, Baron
BrunOw; Turkey, Monsonrons Pasla