New-York tribune., 1871-11-25

Weucesae-yz, Bohemia Moravia aud Austr;an Silcsa
-atcs back to the early part Of the thirteenth century.
Rudolph Of Habsburg had just been elected Emperor of
Germany. and Otocar H., King OF Bohemia, refused 10
acknow edge him. Rudolph attacked and defeated him,
took away some provinces, which he distributed among
his and forced Ouocar only to acknowledge
him Emperor but TO accept his Bohemian King
dom at Rulolph's hands and 10 pay lin homage as
tributary ruler These the first transactions be-
tween the Habsburgs and their subsequent Bohemian
Provinces. The HabsburGs eventually came 70 no the
hereditary Dukes Of AUSTRIA and go years after the
events just related the Kingdom Of Bohemia elected ono
Of them king OF that country. As the connection pe
tween Austria and Bohemia Ia founded on the e'en'S
which follow, the reader will do we'll to give his alton
ton these facts III 1864, when Charles w. was In
pcror of Germany and KING Of Bohe'ia' lie coi''""''
with the rcignng Duke Of Aus;ria--i liaishnfS-I
| treaty by the terms Of which, II either vi
| the two reicning houses should become extinct the
surv, ing house sbOud acquire by inheritance the "hoc
JOINT possession In 1926 the events pr"\luco io III ms
treaty pass. Ferdinand Of liahs!ig WAS Duhc
OF Austria. and LOnis H. was King or Bohchhia ana
Hungary. Louis killed at the battle of Moha'1'
wherein he was dc saed by Turks and he left no
successor being only years Of his estates it py
virtue OF the treaty just Named to Fcrdlhaho feru''
maud and Louis happened TO be closcIy c"hh'''" J.!
marriagc each sovereign had married the otAer hoNei
ccns sister the of the treaty 1T WAS necessary
that the Diets respective countries should raily
the arrangement made by the tocfathcrs o tc 1ciHhS
priccs The Hungarian Diet refused to do and there
esucd long and bloody the details of which II Is
unnecessary TO follow. The bohemian Dct Willingly
ratified the ARRANGEMENT by which Ferdinand of Aus'r"l
wa. TO become the King Of Bohenia hut hefor" the
ratification was made. and before bis coonation Ferdl-
nand had TO solcmuly swear that he would RESPECT inc
bohemian laws and CUnstuOn.
The treaty ured that Ferdnands successor should
follow him to Bohemian throne, but subject always
election 10y the Diet. In later years when Ferdinand
successors Lad strengthened their hold on the c"uhlr!
and subjected I'll TO slight oppression, another ar
rangcment called the Pragmatic sanction was agreed
to by the bohemian Diet on one part ana the reiGls
Talshurc ON the other BY the Pragmatc sanction the
throne OF Bohemia became hereditary in the llasurc
family hut subject always to the King taxing an oah
prior to coIoatio that he would like hs predecessors
respect the Bohemian laws and ConStitutIon III Il ny
rici OF the treaty first mentioned and of III" lraSiha'c
sanction that the llahshu'Gs now reign over b"h'ia
| an! that IA the real connection between Bohemia
and Austria; tins, at least, the statement 10 which The
Buheuaus hold frl. Tsc IabsbIes and the othtr Aus
| trian province Affirm the connection was essen
| italy modified through a circumstance 10 ne
| rrlatd Immediately. In lu', whcn Ma'thias OF
| Habsburc was Duke of Austria. kng oi Bohr-
mia, and Emperor OF Germany the rchS'oh@
sect of which Huss was the founder, and which had
spread over all Bohemia taking particularly strong root
III Prague greatly prosecuted by Austrian oIn'las
| Ia Prague on occasion some liuN>itcs were us
| urbcd when AT their RELIGIOUS cA"lcis"S' lHry com
planned To- their King the Emperor OF GERMANY, un' u"
took no notice of their grievance Thcy became furionS
rose in aIns seized the town hail. and thrcw the En-
pernr- Cunns.IoncIs ont ol tie wind"ws The DEF pnt
itself al the head the t an army vas organ
7c,! AID Wien the Emperor ucn knc--a iiahsbure Ire
II ,mc!nhcrc sent forces to oppose them, hUec forces
were defeated and scatter d. Just the news of The
def reached hn the Emperor died. He was succeeded
hl Ferdinand H. the cruel prince Of his Bo-
hrIria refused 10 recognize him. and offered the crown
to the Erctor Paatinc fredecV. Unfortunately thi~
| prince vas u weak idle man. wanting III energy and
rkin Ferdinand H. marched aran> him. and defeated
| the BohcInians near Prague, III i %.
To- the prrcll-ios # tie C1cci-, BohcU'ars Chc
CzrcIs tIhe OF the great Slave tLcy ill.,
habit Bohemia. MoIava. and Silcs;. Therefore. when
speaking OF tAr inavtants Of these cc provinces the
term " zccl Is more pro?er than "BoAclilin. which
properly signifies the inhabitants Of Bolcua onlyj the
abshur.- oppose Their refusal to elect Ferdinand
H. after the death OF Matthias and their at Prague
subsequent defeat In other words they invoke the
right of conquest. Until the year 1o0. the national
sentiment showed life in Bohemia The oespo'c rue
Of the Austrian Emperurs appears to have almost wpeu
II from the nory Of the Czechs all rrincmhrhcc W
their past greatness They preserved ibcir
ard uourishcd against the Gcrmans sort If tidOi.a
haired but they seemed resigned Their fate. and
made no syn until lao. vixen. for 10 airfict
rea4on. the students at the lra-uc UnN''sy !" gan o
learn the old patriotic songs In thai year. too ap are"
| several valuable works III the czech language" wli'
aided in awakening tie people 10 SENSE cf their sr!r
nationality. but 1t lis only after The revolution %
13 that the movement took any con, cncr made
anv ADJ vance. On the lth OF March, A.. t2crh drFu
t.tlon exposed tie grievances and wrors of Lis slave
subjects PIl,cT,dorf thcn Minister. Under the fear
caused by general rsinGs throughout the Empire. he Ic
tun,d very favorable answer I" IL" d'pniati"n prom
i>i; tina; the Czcch language should be Vut ina
footing with the German tongue the CAcch pros nc"s
l. f1n la
required To- know both lagras"s and that the r"GGr>!
| that EohcuIii scsil and MoiaVid ,houd br united III
one klurdun and governed directly from Prague ny a
| General Diet, should hc examined ~ the Ec!rh Tah
The steps taken by this dpuaton and thc answer OF
the Minister should hc raIii, III ny rcncn'elrh d ~
tie of the onc s,Ics OF requests aud promises
| which have been exchanged hc'~rcn Pra II" ard Vi
| cnnI la order 10 str up the movement, Slave CON
c,c>s FROM an tribes okcd To mcc al Prague
the 2i of June under the presidency o PLacky. This
Cun.rc., cl.iohv remark .hlc through the cream
>jiicc HAT the different tribes could not understand
| each other, and that German became IL" medium OF
| iu'crconnmnrIcation Next month. Constituent As
seb!y was united in Vienna. Tie CzrcIs made GIi-
ncuty ahout sending deputies Ia it. although by doing
So they admit d real uIun between BolicIia and thc
Empire. This III direct contradiction. 10 tn" Iu"-
lrtIirc they had a!icady at tlat time pIclarcd and
| which only Recognized personal "'t'on.
At that time Fr;LZ Pa!acky at the head ~ The
|
Europe for hs extraordinary crGdtion, his historical
works and also for his fine character and devotion
the national cause. From 1850 to lsC0. wien alsutSu
was fun force Austria, the ncchs could DO bathing
they attempted naught. Their press strangled and
threatened by laws or Daconian severity and could do
htc toward helping the propagation Of the national
ideas In October, 1860 Parliamentary Government ior
Austria Wa. rctstabishcd with its seat Vienna But
in the Spring OF the next this first constitution
greatly altered under Scberng, and the pariiane
form Of government became farce. Nevertheless the
czech Deputies the Prague Diet took their in
the Vienna Reichsrath but finding themselves opposed
TO immense German minority and failing To obtain