davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

hinder or prevent such WotLiru
person 70 offending shall be deemed i'n oL oatr
misd cmcauor, and upon copv;o,t guilty Of \
shall DC fined ~ any sum M, o thereof
hundred dollars, or shah be i'm, S;Aeeeding two
lail Of the county where such oFcr 1snsa IN TIE
bu tteI i III III period not exceeding t v, ms 'o
sEcrfoN 2. That II auy person 1'~
acting separately Or in coDcert AN NJ persons
enter INTO any ND, shop, f,ctor~ S;.a,, awIy
mace coal bank or Goa. nine iron r.i''iler7, fr
quarry M upon any premise. clntigins M stone
purten II % any u tie phces ,l lbs or ap-
ana span wlllmll'dlly iajure " Ie,,. lamed,
n chlnefy' tools, fixtures or otbS eT''Ioy Any
therein OF the value " tbirty.6ye ~ proper!
. .b"Ii shal ~ deemed guilty Of cri@a Q
II the pene eoT,g' sas thereof b nprso5dd
less Than one nor more than ave -au laoor not
discretion Of the court years, 1.-THE
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
A Nut to Crack.

The following from the London
AMtne1m is as applicable to the legal
and medical fraternities in the United
States as in Great Britain:
MEDICAL AND LEGAL TRADES UNIoNs.-No
class Is free from faults; and if Mr.. Thurow
will examine the state Of the Law relating to
the legal profession, the etiquette of the bar,
and of medicine, VIC believe he viii find that
the faults usually considered the peculiar char
acteristic Of trades unioUs are shared 70 a very
great extent by the learned profession.
The difference is simply the differ
ence between tweedh.dum and tweedle-
dee; but then that is frequently OF the
utmost importance.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
wORKINGMEN'S TICKET
For Representative,
JOHN DOE, 1HREE VoTEs.

One thousand men voting this ticket,
(which counts three votes) would give
their candidate 5000 votes. IF so, I'M
der the hypothesis he would be elected
beyond question-for if the 1000
other voters should divide their votes
equally among two candidates, and
elect them, as they should do, still the
workingmen' candidate would be cleo
ted. Two thousand voters would have
six thousand votes, which, divided
among two candidates would give them
each three thousand votes. How Just
is this principle and how simple its ap-
plication.
If there are three members tc be
elected in district for any Office, if
applied as it should be in all such cases.
one-third Of the people would elect
one Of the three representatives If
there are five members to be elected,
one-hfth Of the people can elect one
member, by giving to one candidate
all Of their votes. In our opirion the
principle will work best when therc are
not less than FIVE members to be elect
ed from a district. If, in district
like the above, it is estimated that a
party has three-fifths Of the votes, it
VIII nominate three candidates and
plump the five votes, to which each vo-
ter is entitled on three ca candidates
The tickets would be printed thus
John Smith, IL votes.
WIN. Jones, II votes.
John Bum, II votes.
We think, however, that all fraction.
al votes should be expressed in deci-
mails, as we express dollars and cents
hundreths of a dollar; this wDul1 great.
ly facilitate distribution on the ticket
and footing on the poll boos.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

cities have been erected what are
known as Work-Houses, with grounds
sufficient to erect workshops; even in
some cases enclosing farms, and thus
punishment and reformation can go
hand in hand. The managers of such
institutions should be above reproach !;
their task, though tbankless one, sp-
peals to their Christianity. The effort
to reform criminals and return them
to society prepared to act as good citi.
zens, should and would receive the
commentator of every honest
man.
1t having been conceded that labor
and an endeavor to create a respect for
it, is an essential in the reformation of
convicts, the question arises how and
tor whom should this labor be perform
ed? Whether that labor should be
in the interest only of reformation,
whether it should be to make an income
for the city or county, or whether it
should be contracted for by individuals
for their individual profit?
We contend that the labor imposed
upon convicts should be sufficient only
to carry out the principle Of refOrma-
ton F; that the reformation of the pris-
oner is of far greater consequence than
is an income to the city or county from
the labor of such prisoner This, we
claim, to be the true principle Of prison
economy, and any attempt to subvert
it is against the interests of prison dis
cipline and reform.
The contract system Of prison labor
is inimical to the reformation of
convicts, and also to the interests Of
honest labor. 1t places the convicts
for the whole working day in contact
with and under the control of contract
ors or their agents, who only see in the
convict so much machinery out of
which to grind a given amount of
work, men whose only recommendation
to such position is their ability to over.
bid somebody else in the purchase of
that machinery. They have no interest
in the reformation of the prisoner, their
interests as contractors and the interests
of the institution as a reformatOry, not
only do not run parallel, but are directly
opposite. They are opposed to any
measure that will take one minute of
the time of the convicts from their la
bor-between daylight and dark, and
mental and moral improvement must
be attempted by gaslight on bodies worn
out with physical labor. Once these
contractors get foothold, their infu-
ence is all-powerful The immense
profits made from their contracts enables
them to corrupt the many officials, and
it Is found when too late that they can
not be driven from their position in
fact are the power behind the throne,
and are in everyway masters over both
officials and prisoners, and nothing but
an entire revision Of the laws can ami
hilate their power.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
PROTECTION TO INDUSTRY.

A bill has been introduced into the
General Assembly of the State of Ohio,
having for its title The Protection of
Industry" Our Legislatures for years
past have been making laws almost en-
tirely for the interests of capital and
monopoly: hence the innovation OF
legislating TO protect industry should
receive the earnest attention and con-
sideration of workingmen. In another
column we give the text Of the bill,
and careful reading of it will at once
show the intelligent reader how one
man thinks that much-desired legisla.
ton can be best inaugurated.
The continual negligence on the part
of our law-making powers to do any
thing to protect labor has resulted in
the formation Of trades unions through
out the length and breadth Of the land,
and we have in the State Of Ohio about
one hundred and fifty trade organiza-
tons, Numbering at least thirty thous.
and workingmen. Trade unions are or
gained to protect industry, but if our
law making powers will do what trade
unions are organized to do, the necessi-
ty for them will cease to exist; and
none more than ourselves will welcome
the day when trade unions may disband.
I'm some of the old States the law-mak-
ing powers have been so anxious to
protect industry that they enacted
what are now generally known as the
conspiracy laws, which make it an of
Tense punishable with fine and impris-
Onment for two or more persons to
combine together for the purpose of OBJ
structing trade. These laws have never
been enforced, except occasionally up.
on poor workingmen, when battling for
their rights. The combinations OF
capital, which have done more to ruin
industry than all other combinations
could possibly do, have never felt the
rigor of these laws; yet it cannot be
imputed to partially in the statutes
that capital possessors have never been
punished under them.
Our Solons at Columbus, with the
knowledge Of the inefficacy and ipjus-
tice of these old laws, so far as they en-.
force protection to industry, and with
the experience Of years to guide them,
should be expected to give us law OF
laws on the subject that would be a
credit to the State and place the mem
bers OF our General Assembly at once
in the front rank Of political econo-
mists. Senator Emmitt 's-what's in a
name idea of the best plan of set
Ting the difficulties between capital
and labor is unique, TO say the least.
He proposes that the best way to pro.
tect industry is by annihilating trade
understanding it penal offence to
belong to trade union. This asser
tion may startle the reader, and he may
say the bill will not bear such con
struction. Let US examine it and see
The bill says that if you in any name,
prevent another from working at any
particular branch Of industry, you shall
be punished. All trade unionists know
that in time of difficulty with employers
there are always one or more weak
kneed, who need bolstering and il
you attempt to reason with such per
son, you at once place yourself in bis
power, if this bill becomes a law. You
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

We clip the following trade items
from the San Francisco Er0miner Of
nj arch 11tb:
THE SHIP JoINERs' ASSOCIATION
had a meeting at Excelsior Hall, last
night. We saw them before they went
to business. 1t is fine looking body
of men, strong and healthy, and for the
time being in good spirits.
This is a beneficial society. They
take care of their sick, have full treas
ury, and harmony prevails among
them. Prospects are Frightening among
them, though at this season most OF
them are out OF employment.
THE sHIPwRIGHTs
are looking forward to promised i'm
provements indeed all the shipwork-
ers are hoping for better times, as ship
improvements and steamer building
will soon commence again in this city.
INDUSTRIAL EEFoRMERs.
The Branches Of Refgrmer, in the
First, Seventh and Eleventh Wards
have lad very good meetings during
the last week The institution Il on
the increase, and AZ il il an anu-Chi-
nese Association, the most Of them are
Democrats.
There are several new branches III
process Of organization, and il il
increasing III numbers and interest.
THE COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS
are getting along nicely. The Coop
erative printing establishment, at
Wade's old stand, is doing remarkably
well for commencement. The boot
and shoe cooperative shops are in
good condition, making good wages.
The Women's Cooperative Unions are
doing much better at their new store
on Post street, opposite the Mechanics
Institute, but need more sewing to
supply the poor women who apply tor
work
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
MINORITY REPRESENTATION

We extract the following from one
of the Chicago morning papers Of the
23d inst
1t minority representation is popular among
citizens If all uationslities, all classes (tlwa,s
excepting caucus-psckers, ward-bummerl and
scalawsgs wto live bv the dirty work Of small
ofice-hunting,) and all political parties. Since
public attention was first directed to il ia, Hi
nois, the worsingm. in this city have gwen il
studiOus attention and earnt st advocacy In the
columns Of their recognized public organs. The
workingmen Of Chicagb have been among
its most earnest advocates from he
FIRST. They voted for it with an unanimi.y sci
dom witnessed among men Of The most divers
opinions upon other political subjects
If we mistake not it was on the 8th
of February, 1868, that minority repre-
sentation was first advocated edit05faLly
by any newspaper in the State Of I'LL
nois. \ reference to our fles will
show that on that date we endorsed
the principle most decidedly, and per
dictcd its future practical application,
not only in Illinois, but throughout the
country.
The following is the clause il the
new constitution which applies this
principle to the election of members of
our House of Representatives
The House % Representatives, ssar consist
o. innree t'hes the uumber Of the members OF
the SENATE, and the term Of Office shall I've two
years Three Representatives shall be elected
in each Senatorial District al lie genera, rleU-
tiUn IL the year Of our Lord 1872, and every
two years thereafter In all elections of Rep.
resentatives afores id, each qualified voter may
cast as many votes for one caD6 idate as there
are Representatives, o be elected, or may dis
tribute the same or equal parts thereof among
the candidates, as he shall see fit, aud The
candidates highest in votes shall be declared
elected.
This will enable the workingnen to
eject one Of three Representatives
wherever they have one,third Of the
voters, and in this county less, as we
have and members in our distri<t-this
county elects % members from three
districts by special constitutional pro-
vision. Suppose district to contain
$4,000 three thousand voters, of whom
Q.oo0) one thousand belong 10 the
Labor Union. There being three mem
hers to elect, every voter would have
three votes, the total number ca votes
cast. therefore, by the whole three
thousand voters would be nine thous-
and-(9,0oOD Now, the three men
who got the largest number Of these
1900 votes will be elected.
The workingmen having ,OOt voters,
would nominate one man and print
their tickets or ballots thus:
WORKINGMEN'ST TICKET
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
FROM WISCONSIN.
Office Of the State Labor Union,
BLACK RIVER FALLS, March "a, 1871


BLACK RIVER FALLS, March "a, 1871.
To all whom it may concern:
The State Labor Union is ready TO
grant charters to seven persons who
are in good faith obdying the Divine
decree by eating bread in the sweat of
their own faces, and not living upon
the honest earnings Of others.
Due notice is hereby given that the
State Constitution together with those
Of the subordinate unions is now
ready for distribution. Send for it.
The local unions are requested to COM
DIV with it, aud the secretaries are re-
auested to do their duty accorping to
Article vi, Sect l.
Respectfully,
JOSEPH &. Honey,
Sec. of State Labor Union.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
Chance for Agents.

To any party sending us club of so yearly
subscribers. at club rates, we will forward an
Edwin Rollo watch, in sterling silver eases,
Jul plate, lever movement, exposed pallet jewels,
costing FORTY DOLLARS This is an offer seldom
made, and NAV be relied on as genuine.
FoR crcB or TEN yearly subscribers. We
viii send TO any address charges paid, Il re-
vol'irc pistol manufactured by tie American
Arms Company, OF Boston, worth 5000.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

CoLSSnUs, 0, March % ,.-,
As intend being absent from \. ~.
some weeks, till further notics IVY M" '0f
tions intended Tor this Office are rr,r.,,.S
sent 70 Vice-President Lavine. Dr.v..N /"
Ottawa, Illinois. Vs.. a. ~,
Prest Int Nat Uniou
NEW loEK, March "a, lS7l.-Tb. .p
gentlemen wish u become mcmbrrs IN ,O,'t,o,NlhE
ion. Unions having charge. arai.,, 'us IN
them Will please notify me before NTH ~, o.
DavidBrunenhild,C. Liebermaur r d n IN
David Ferris and Jacob Fcrrarpq DauecAe,
Geo. SchWenek drew retiring 49,,
this union in March, 1870, and nm ,r n,T nGn
q travelling card. Ro-v,. aPpues lof
Cor Sec 90
PHmADELPHIA, Pa, March d Is7, II.
regular meeting the following named pen,l.o,.I
we're duly elected officers VI ,bis M a,' 'I pu
ident- Frank Buob; Vice PresiJ.nt4 I'M
Foley; Financial Secretary--John N,g'-. .s'
Recording oecretary--T. J. Birch Csrman my ~
cording S,oretary -ChSrleESchuidr Trss. MI
ED. B. Harvey; Corresponding Sscretarv
George Jackson
The following named persons have ,rrr.i
-
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

SECTION /, Be il enacted by The General
Assembly Of the State Of Ohio, That if any ner-
son shall by threat, iusiuuation q innuendo Of
violence, or other injury to the person or prop
erty Of any working man Or other person or Q
the person OF property Of the vile, minor child
Or ward Of such working mau OF other person
deter. hind=I oI PIe ent. oT atJaLIt I'M deter,
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
How to Protect Industry

The following bill has been introduced
into the Ohio Legislature by Senator En-
NIT of the 7th District This district
comprises a portion of the coal and iron
region of Ohio, and the bill i probably
intended more for the protoction(O Of Mi
ners than any other class Of workmen;
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

lance stop in their distant adopted coun-
try, and not return to their glorious,
real, country? And q second question /:
Why is their adopted country still
sought as refuge by glory covered
citizens of their real country? Why
OF all mortals perhaps In the most
perplexing position i now Count Bis
marck. For several years before the
present war, even before the famous
interviews of Biarritz, he had been in
secret relations with Louis BOnaparte,
and part Of what was planned between
the two came to light when they fell out
in July last. Count Bismarck. you will
recollect, represented himself as an in
nocent lamb, tempted BY that bad wolf,
but the lamb had the cunning Of fox,
made fool Of the wolf, feigned 10
enter into his schemes, lured all his Sc
crets from him, kept him from suspicion
by dilatOry negOtiationst till the bubble
burst and the wolf could be shown in
his true shape and character. Many
people shook their heads at such dila-
tory negotiations between lamb and
wolf, and did not exactly know what to
think of il. Others, who knew what TO
think Of it, were sent to Lotzen, the
fortress, or had to hold their tongues
to avoid being sent there. The friends
Of Count Bismarck shrugged their
shoulders and muttered something
about the inexpedieney, nay stupidity Of
applying the rules of private morality
to public morality. And the gentlemen
of the Press Bureau received or
ders to treat the delicate matter
rather shortly, but of course as a
glorious feat Of craftsmanship on the
part OF Count Bismarck /: for had he
not Bendetti's handwriting? That he
could never have got it except by play
ing at the same game, was a reflection
which did not occur TO the gentlemen
Of the Press Bureau and the victories
intervening at the right time, all was
soon forgotten in the patriotic ebuli-
tons Of the German heart
(rO BE coNTIKUED)
II allude to the debates on capital punish
ment, which at the first and second reading Of
the penal codex was abolished, and finally at
the third reading, by peremptory orders from
the government, was restored again in the
teeth OF common deccncy and the public con-
science Of Germany and the civilized world
This expression, which is the technical term
for the state Of body and mind following ex
eeasivc drinking lakes ita origin m douht IN
the supposition that the cats. Ehen performing
their horrible concerts, must themselves feel
the xcruciating pains they inact upon human
ears
Count Bismarck. original expression Very
Discreet
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
THE CIGAR MAKERS

- WI nnons d''iriOg changes In u. 49,.
eorrespon "eg seeretaIIee please sta, r. 'F'~
former secFetaLy. uAnt' ~
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
CHICAGO APRIL j, 1871.
GE0.P. WE'LL q 90.
40 Park Row. New York.
= NJ. PETIT NGILL 4 CO
81 Park Row. New York,

81 Park Row, New York.
ARE the sole agents for the WeRKEGEANs ADvooAIE In
y al CITY, suG authorized 80 contract for ms ring
sdyerti euents for at lowest each rates. Ad-
versers in thft city requested 70 leave their ia vorF
with either OF the Above houses.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
CORRESPONDENTS.
FROE LEIPZIG.

1--WE do not hold ourselves responsible for any OPT
on expressed by our Correspondents.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01
From California.

We clip the following trade items
from the San Francisco Er0mitser Of
M arch 1lth:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

We extract the following from one
of the Chicago morning papers Of the
23d inst
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

have got amazingly sobered down, and
comparing their wild dreams with stern
reality, they are fast verging into that
uncomfortable state Of mind which We
Germans call 'Katzenjammer" (misery
of the CATS and for which extremelde-
gree If chopfallenness the English an
gusge has no word. Where is the prsc.
teal substantial matter Of fact gain
Glory, victory is all very well, but hun
dred victories, be they ever so glorious
will not butter a single piece of bread;
and annexations, do they bring us the
slightest material advantage ? Will they
diminish taxation ? Promote trade and
commerce Be productive of more
liberty? Not bit of it. just the re-
verse. More soldiers will be wanted,
and to keep them, more taxes, and to
prevent the people from grumbling toe
loud, more policemen, and to keep
these, again more taxes. And so We
are great, great nation abroad, and
a herd Of sheep at home, good to be
shorn ana eaten as nation, somewhat
like that big Irishman, who in the beer
house played the bully and in his lodg
ing was beaten by his wife. Only to be
beaten by ones wife is not dishonor-
able, and may be excess Of CALAMITY
Those of my countrymen in the United
States who have with their German log
ic contrived to transfer their sympathie,
for American Lincoln upon the German
Jefferson Davis, should come over Il
our renovated fatherland and person
ally and pocketaily taste the Bismarck
ian blessings; ] am sure half year
would be sufficient to bring them all L
their senses, that have any. 1t is cheaI
patriotism indeed, which while costly
enjoying American liberty, rants about
German glory and leaves it to US t
pay the costs for it. Why, to talk Sc
riously. do these patriots from the dis
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-04-01

II allude to the debates on capital punish
ment, which at the first and second reading Of
the penal codex was abolished, and finally at
the third reading, by peremptory orders from
the government, was restored again in the
teeth OF common deccncy and the public con-
science Of Germany and the civilized world.
Iowa voter. [volume] (Knoxville, Iowa) 1867-1874, 1871-06-22
Canal Travelling.

Halo, there, capting |" said Brother
Jonathan to the captain of canal packet
on the Erie Canal, "what do you charge
for passages"
Three cents per mile and boarded"
said the captain.
"Waal, guess III take passage, captinp'
seeing as how I'm kinder gin out walking
so far"
Accordingly he got on board az the
steward was ringing for dinner. Jonathan
sat down and began demolishing the
fixins," TO the utter CONSERVATION of the
captain until ne he had cleared the table
Of all that was eatable, when he got up
and went on deck picking his teeth very
comfortably.
How far is it, capting, from here to
where got on boardi'
Nearly one and half miles," said the
captain.
Let's see" said Jonathan, "that would
be just four and half cents; but never
mind, capting, won't be small here's
five cents. which pays my fare to here;
guess I'll go ashore now I'm kinder rested
eout"