Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1871-12-07

E npire of Brazil has taken the ini iatory steps
toward the a clifton of slavery. Our relations
with thai emp re always cordial will natu ally
he made moe SO by this act. Vt is not too
much to hope that the government of Brazil
may hereafter find it for its interest as well as
rights TO advance towards entire
The true prosperity and great
ness OF nation il to be found in the elevation
ind ducation of IT'S IaNorers. 1t Is suhjec for
regret that rh4 reforms in this direction which
wee voluntarily promised by the states
men of Spain, have not b. en- carried out in it's
West India co OF ies. The laws and regulations
for the apparent aboli ion of slavery III Cuba
and Porto Rico leave most of the laborers in
bondage with no hope of release until their
lives ueCome burden to their empl0J ers.
desire to direct your attention to the fact that
the citizens of the limited States, or persons
claiming to be citizens of the Unite States,
are large holders in foreg On lands of this species
OF property, forbidden by the fundamental law
of their alleged country. Irecommend to Con
gress to provide, by stringent legislation, a
suitable remedy against the holding, owning OF
or dealing in slaves or being interested In
slave property in foreign lands. either as own
ers, hirers or mortgages, by the citizens of the
United ateS 1t is to be regretted that the
disturbed condition OF the Island of CUBA con-
tinUes to be a source of annoy auce and OF anx.
iety. The existence of prOtraCted struggle
III such a C ose proximity to our own terri tory,
without apparent prospects of an early teTmlna-
ton, cannot be other than an object of concern
feriug in the affairs of other powers, naturally
desire to see every country in the undlstur0ed
enjoyment of peace, liberty and the o'es -edness
of free institutions. Our naval commanders in
Cuhan waters have been Instructed, IN case IL
shOud become necessary, to spare 10 effort TO
prutect the lives and property of boz tide
American citizens. and to antaiu the dignity
of T. 70. 1t is hoped that all pending quts
tiOus with Spain. growing out of the affairs III
Cubq, may be afj1sted in the spirit If peace
~ d CO citation which has hitherto guild the
wO powers in their tr' atment OF suCh qaes-
lions. 10 give inn ortanCe and Id 10 the III
cheney of our dip}On attic relations with Japan
and China. and to further aid in retaining u e
coed opinion of the Sc people, and to in ure to
the United States its share OF the CONNER Ce
destined to flow between these nations and the
balance of the commercial wOrlf, | earnestly
recommend that au appropriation be made to
eupport at last four American youths 10 each
of those countries tn serve as a part OF the Off
cial family of our Ministers there Our repre-
sentatives would not ev1n then be p &C q upon
an equality with the representatives, OF Great
Britain n of some other pOwes. As now
situated our rppreseT tatives III Jap an ard CHINA
have 10 depend, for interpreters and trans lat0rs,
uDOn natives OF these countries, who know our
lauguage imperfeCtly, or procure for the occa-
siOH thu services of employ in foreign b1st-
ness houses, or the interpreters o otter foreign
Ministers. I would also recommend Liberal
mcasur for the purpose of per &c lux he Am' +
IA lines of steamers now plying between San
Francisco III Japan and Cnna, and the Aus
traliAn line, lmO~t our Only remaining line Oh
ocean steamers, aud of increasing their eer-
vices
FINANOEa.
The National debt has been reduced to the
extent of 1861 A7l 2h 80 uring tue ear. and by
ntgotiat on OF National bonds at lower rate
of interest The iDteTest on the public debt
haa been % far diminished. that now the sum
to be raised for interest account, l. ne 'rly sew
enteep millions less than on the lat Of March,
1869 1t was highly desirable that thi~ rapid
diminutiOn shOnld take place, roth to strength
on the credit Of the country aud to convince its
citizens of their cnt re ability to meet e cry
d j ar of lab litv, without hankr Il ng The N
But in view Of the aCC0mpls hment OF these de
-irable cndr, of the rapid DEVELOPMENT o. The
resources Of this cOu2try, 1ts iTCIt asing ahlE
ity to II eet large dtmAI d ard the amount al
raedy paid it not deeirabl that the pre- ent
resources Of the country should cont nue. to be
taxed in order to continue thie Tapld payment
REDUCTION oP TARIFF AND INTERNAL TAX.
/ therefore recommend a modification Of both
the tariff and internal tax laws TeCO mend
that / taxes from internal st URGE be ahOli-beC
es cept thOe collected from spurious, ynons
an0 malt liquors, tO0aCCn in Its various rms
and from stamps. In readjustiug the tar fl, gu
gest that careful e-tmate ne m fde OF the
amount of surplus venue, collected under Ec
nrt sent laws alter providing for the current eX
pru=es Of tLe g3Vernme-t the 1nteTc-t account
and sit king ruud, ana Il at thle eurpIus be re
dHCed in such manner as t" atoId me rea
II sny articlea not rodnCed at ONE, but which
e. ter large'y into general consumption, through
articles which are manufactured at home, sue /
al uledlriLer compound, d, etr., ct from " hicf
very lille revenue Is derive d. hnt which enter
into gene al ure: all sue articles l recommend
70 he n aCed ON the free list. Should furJ her
reduction prove advisab e, would he recon
meud it 10 he made upon articles when Cal
b, az 1t without disturbing home o. oducuon OIL
r, duCiny the wag OF American amor. i nave
not entered INTO tizures, because to do so won {
he to rcueat thai which " II be LAID before you
in the report of the secretary OF tnS treasury
COLLECTING REvEEUEs.
The present laws for collecting revenues pay
collectors OF customs small ga arles, out proViCt
for h res In all sezures, which a the pm c'pa
pOrts OF entry particularly rtlse tie comPensa
ton of these ffic'als to n large sum. 1T has nj
WAYS sc med 10 ia at tin %, PernIcIous Y
It holds ont an ind ucem-nt to dishonest men
hold such get pCcse son those officer TO bt
AK in their scrutiry OF goods ~ l-reu 20 enable
hem dnal y TO make easy se1Zures. Your aGen
ton il ectully invited TO his subject OF con
tn ue1 & uctuation IN the va'ue of gDld as con
pared with national cur ency, have mos
Encouraging effect upon the increase and devel
epmenu f the country, In FeeplnR up the prlc-!
OF all articles sssry IN everyday life. IT tos
ters a spirit Of gamblI 6, prtJud Clal alike 10 ma
ion, morals and national finances. If the ques
ton CIR n be NIT as to how o get IKE va ue x
our currency, that value constantly and uolto'ml
approaching ! ar with speole-a very desirable
object Will be gained.
WAR DEPARTMENT.
For the operations OF the army in the past
YEAR the expense of maintaining the estimates
for the ensuing year aud continuing the seA-cOas
and other lmproveme IS, conducted under the
supervision of the war department, re'er you t.
the accompanying report Of th- Secretary I"
War. l call your attention to the prov. ions o
the act OF Congress, approV ed March Sd, lS69
whicn diseoatinuea pTnmot on in the staff corps
of the army until provided Tor by law. l recon-"
nerd that the plumber of flee in each grade o
staff corps be txed. and that whenever the
number in any grade falls below the number e
daed the vacancy may De AIed by promo. ION ron
the traoe below. 1 also rec mmond that when
the office of Chief of Corps becomes va"ate'
the D ace may be 1led by selection from the
corps lnwhlch this vac Ancy exists
NAVY DEPARTMENT.
The report OF the SCI rotary Of the Navy shows
an Improvement in the number and efficiency
OF the naval force, without material increase IL
the expense OF supporting it. This is due to
the pOlcy who has been adopted, and is be-
ing extended as fast as our material Will admit
using smaller vessels as cruisers at eeVera!
stations. By this means we nave Dsen enaoleo
to occupy, at once, larger extent of cruising
ground, to visit more frequently the posts,
where the presence of our nag IL oeslraole, and
generally to discharge more efficiently the APP
urp pirate duties of the navy in time OF peace
without exc, eding the Lumber OF men, or the
expenditures au horized by law. During the
past year the navy has, in addition 10 It's regu'
lar service, supplied the men ana OHlCers lot
the yeseels of the coast service, and has com
pleted the surveys, authorized by Congress, OF
the Isthmus of Darien and Tehauntepec, ano
under like authority, has sent out an expedt.
t'Oa, completely turplsaed and equipped, 10 ex-
plore be unknown tCe4n OF the north. J he
suggestions of the report, as TO the necessity
for Increasing and improving the materia! OF
the navy and the plan recommended Tor reduc-
ing the personal of the service to peace stal d.
ard, by the gradual abolition of certain grades
of officers, the reduction OF Others and tue EN-
ployment of some III the service OF the CONNER
ciai marine, are well considered aud der erve the
thought III at entIon of Congress | ALEC re
commend that all promotions IN the navy, above
the rank OF captain, be BY selection instead OF
senior tS. This course will secure, IN the
hi hest grades, greater efficiency, and hold out
incentive for young officers to improve them
selves in the knowledge OF their profession
The present cost of maintaining The navy
costs, compared with that of the proceed
ing year, and the est mates for the ensuing
wear are contained in the accompanying report
of the secretary the Navy.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The enlarged receipts of the Post Office De
partmenr, us shown by the accomp tnyinB rep 1T
OF toe Postma ter-General, EXHIBITS gratifying
,ncr-a IN hat branch OF the public service. 1T
IL he ind-x II the growth and education, and OF