The Elk County advocate. [volume] (Ridgway, Pa.) 1868-1883, 1871-03-30
FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.

lruiL uuu MOWERS, IuTDlSlleQ Iue W1Ju Jne
following hints in reference to setting
out fruit trees. The successfulness of
his plan is demonstrated by the fact
that the trees he set out in the fall bore
fruit the following summer. On the 1st
of September, 1867, having some trees he
wished to transplant, he dug holes two
and half feet in diameter, and two feet
in depth, carefully laying the top soil on
one side, and the clayey soil on the other.
Some virgin soil or woods earth was
then hauled in, and all things being in
readiness, during the last of September,
the holes having been half filled with
the woods earth, he had his trees (peach,
apples, and plums) taken up, being very
particular to prevent any injury to the
small roots the larger roots were cut off
with a spade, and afterward trimmed
smoothly with knife. The trees were
top-dressed pretty closely. They were
then set in the holes to the depth at
which they originally grew, and the top
soil placed in among the roots, the bal
ance of the woods earth being drawn in
until the holes were filed. The time of
transplanting was about 10 days before
frost, the leaves not having fallen from
the trees. Four of them had been bear
ing trees, and when summer came they
yielded their fruit. The second summer
they did not look quite as thriving as
before, but they have since been re-
moved, and are now doing very well.
The following February he had occasion
to remove one OF the peach trees, and
found that the larger roots he had pre-
viously trimmed were full of small ten
der roots at the end, an abundance of
fibers having grown out also on the
other parts. This tree also bore fruit
the following summer. During the sea-
son they had made a top growth of
nearly four feet.-G. IL, IN Horticulturist.
POTATOES AND BEANs.-Of all edible
roots the potato stands at the head. 1t
is especially useful to eat with lean meat
to which it stands in the relation of
fat or carbon. Meat and potatoes to-
gether constitute about the same ali
ment as bread, on which alone, it is we'll
known, man can live longer than on any
other food
Potatoes, when used with oat meal,
peas and beans, supply all the muscle
making elements required for the labor
ing man-the three latter answering in
stead of meat.
All old California miners will recol-
lect the exceeding great relish with
which beans were eaten in lS49 and so,
before beet was plenty in the mines.
They formed, with most, the chief staple
OF food. The miners of those days could
scarcely have stood up under the hard
work and exposure to which they were
necessitated, if it had not been for their
bean diet. 1t was thence they derived
the nitrogen or muscle-making food Or
dinarily obtained from meat diet.
The potato is almost entirely devoid of
muscle or brain food-all that it does
contain is found in the "eyes" or germs,
and they, especially in old tubers, are
generally cut out by the fastidious cook.
-.Scient,fc Press.
How TO MAKE FARM LIFE ATTRACT
IvE.-First-By less hard work. Farm
ers often undertake more than they can
do well, and consequently work too
early and too late.
Secondly more system. The farm
ers should have time to begin and
stop labor. They should put more mind
and machinery into their work. They
should theorize as we'll as practice, and
let both go together. Farming is
healthy, moral, and respectable, and in
the long run may be made profitable,
The farmers should keep good stock, and
out of debt.
1h'rd-By taking care of health.
Farmers have q healthy variety of exer-
else, but too often neglect cleanliness,
eat irregularly and hurriedly, sleep in
ill-ventilated apartments, and expose
themselves needlessly to cold.
Fourth-By adorning the home.
Books, papers, pictures, music, and read
ing should all be brought to bear upon
the indoor family entertainments and
neatness and comfort, order, shrubbery,
bowers and fruits, should harmonize all
without. There would be fewer deser-
tions of old homesteads if pains were
taken to make them agreeable. Ease
order, health, and beauty are compati-
BILE with farm life, and were ordained to
go with it.
BURNS AND SCALDs.-Dr. Ferguson
gives the following recipe, which he has
tested in the severest cases of burning
and scalding from railroad and steam
boat accidents with invariable success !:
Glycerine, five ounces; white of egg,
four ounces; tincture of arnica, three
ounces. Mix the glycerine and white of
egg thoroughly in mortar, and gradu-
ally add the arnica. Apply freely on
rags, night and morning, washing pre-
viously with warm CASTLE soap suds.
The celebrated English surgeon, Mr..
Skey, recommends the application of a
solution of nitrate of silver in proper
tionate strength, varying from five to
twelve or more grains to the ounce, ac-
cording to the extent or severity of the
burn and the age of the patient. The
whole surface of the burn should be
brushed over with the solution, cotton
wool applied, and moderate opiate ad-
ministered in glass of brandy and
water, proportioned to the age and
habits of the patients, with the object
OF counteracting the sense of chilliness
that will otherwise necessarily follow in
all these cases.
THE BEST SITE FOR AN ORCHARD
Dodart first observed that trees pushed
their branches in a direction parallel to
the surface of the earth. If a tree
stands on steep hillside, it pushes both
toward the hill and the declivity; but
on both sides it still preservesi its branch
es parallel to the surface. The most
fruitful orchards and most fertile trees
are those planted on declivity, and the
sleeper it is, though not quite a preci-
pice, the more proIific thew prove. 1t is