The New York herald., 1871-03-28

couin nos neHrata Here was q shocking wrong. II
must ne arrosted: ana To THIS end have iabtred IA
good faith. II am earnest II IL because cannOt
see a wrong done without seeking TO arrest IT. e.
peciaIly am moved ii tina wrong be done 10 the
weak ana humble. Then, by the efforts OF nv lie
and the commission have received nom Massachli-
sets am vowed to 90 what can Tor the protection
ana elevation OF the African race. II can help
them wis., II / can save them from outrage must.
And never before was the occasion mere Imminent
CONTRACT FOR cEssloN or TERRITORY MUST BE
WITHOUT PRESENCE OF SUPERIOR FORCE
speak only according To unquestionable reason
aud the instincts OF the human heart when say
tnat contract Tor the cession OF territory must be
falr and without suspicion OF overaWing forcs. NO
body can d0ubt this rule. whether for individuals or
nations; ana where one party is more powerful
than smother 1t becomes more imperative. Espe-
cially must II be sacred with q republic, Tor 1t s
nothing but the mandate OF justice. II Is general IN
It's Application; nay, morc-lt Is part OF universal
law, common TO all municipal systems anu 10 ntcr-
national law. Any departure from this requirement.
makes negotiation for the ume impossible. Plainly
no surrender OF national independence, except as
the result OF war. SO long as hostile cannon are
irownlng The tirst step IN negoiatlon must DC the
Withdrawal OF all lorce, coercivc or mlnatorY.
EXAMPLE OF SPAIN.
Here the example OF spain furnishes beacon
light. Yielding to an invitation not unlike that ol
Bael to the United States. this ancient monarchy
was induced by santana, President OF Dominica, 10
entertain the proposition Of reanneXion TO tile crown
Here lei 1t he remarked that santana was legitimate
President while Baez Is q usurpng dictator. And
now mark the contrast between the ancient monar-
cy and our republic. painful rs II Ia to Us. Spain
boaSled In Official papers that In the act OF leanneX.
ION the Domlnicans were spontaneous, Tree aud
unanimou5-that no Spanish emissaries were in the
territory TO influence lis people; nor was there u
Spanish bottom IN It's waters or Spanish soldier
American emissaries are IN the territory, With
CaLneau and FabenS as leaders, while American
war vessels, including the Dictator. oar most pow
eru monitor, properly named Tor the service, were
IN le waters with guns pointed at the people TO be
conquered. and American soldiers with layonets
ganclng in the sun were the decks OF these war
peie. In the case OF Spain the proceeding was an
act Of peace; in our case is an act OF war. The
two cases are as wide asunder as peace ard war.
All must feel the importance oil this statement,
winch have to say Is not without Official author
ily now hold IN my hand the Spanish documents
relating 70 tne rcahneAion OF Dominica rs pup
lished by the Cortes, and with your PERMISSION l
Will open these authentic pages.
Omtting particularites and coming at once to the
precise point. read from circular by the spanish
Minister OF Foreign Affairs. addressed TO diplomatic
agents abroad, under dae oI AranJuez, April 20,
lo6i, which declares the proper fOrbearanca and
caution OF Spain, and establishes precedent from
which there can be no appeal
1.-The first condition necessary and indispensable
which the government Of her Majesty requires In
accepting the consequences OF these events IS tnat
the act OF reincorpofaton OF 81. Domingo with The
spanish monarchy shall be the unanimous, spon.
ianeons and explicit expression OF the Will OF the
The despatch then proceeds to describe the atti-
tude OF the Spanish government. And here 1t says
OF The events IN Dominica
Nor have they been the work OF Spanish emil
grants who have penetrated the territory OF st. Do
minGo, nor has the superior authority OF Havana
the forces OF sea and land at III. disposition con-
trbuted 10 IL. The captain General OF Uuoa has not
separated himself, nor could he depar; for moment
from the principles ol the government and from the
poncy which IL has followed with regard To them.
Not Spanish bottom or soldier was on the coast
in The territory Of republic when the latter by
unanimous movement proclaimed its reunion TO
Spaln.n tSesloneS de COrtes, II Nov, lS61, VOL l.,
Append. VI, al mum. A, p. ~
1t VIII be observed wltn what energy OF phrase the
Spanish Minister excludes all suspicion OF force on
the part OF Spain. Not only was there no Spanish
then it is alleged that the FIRST condition OF rean-
neXton must be 1.-THE unanimous, spontaneous
and explicit expression OF the will OF the Domni-
cans.n No foreign influence, no spanish influence
was to interfere with the popular Will. But this Is
nothing more than justice. Anything else is wrong.
The Spanish government, not contenJ with an
nouncing this important rule in the despatch which
have quoted return 10 II in another similar de-
spatch dated at Madrid, May 2e, 1851 as 1oows:-
"Ihe government OF the Queen, before adopting
defniiive resolution on this question, sought To ac
qure absolute assurance that the votes Of the Do
mnican people had been spontaneous free and
unanimous. The reception OF the proclamation OF
the queen as sovereign In all the villages OF the ter
rltory OF ST. Domingo proves the sp0ntane0usness
and the unallmlty Of the movement uDid. p. H.
Here again IS the allegation that the movement
was spontaneous anu unanimous, and that the
Spanish government sought to acquire absolute
assurance on this essential point This was openly
recognized as the condition precedent; and cite IL
as unanswerable testimony to waat was deemed
essential.
On this absolute assurance the Ministers laid be-
fore the Queen IN councn decree Of reanneXion,
with an explanatory paper, under date or lStn OF
May. 1861, where the Inan.nl;y or the Dominican
people is again asserted, and also the absence any
in1aence on the part OF Span.
..Everywhere was manifested jubilee and enthu-
sIasm III manner unequlvocal and solemn. The
public authorities following l1eir IT. proper impulses
has put It's trust In them. Rarely has been seen
such concOurse, such an unanmity OF wills TO
realize an idea, common thought. And all TINS,
without having on the coast OF ST. Domingo single
bottom. nor on the territory soldier OF Spain"
tSesones de Cortes, IA Novembre, 1861, vol. l., Ap
no &. n. u
such is the oaiciai record on which the decree or
reannexion was adopted. Mark well, STA unaIi-
nous people, and not single Spanish bottom on
the coas. or Spanish soldier on the territory.
CONTRAST BETWEEN SPAIN AND UNITED STATES.
And now mark the contrast between the Old
Monarchy and tine Great Republic The recent re-
turn or the Navy Department to the Senate i'll reply
TO resolution introduced bJ me. shows how the
whole island has been Deeaguered by our navy,
sailing from port TO port and hugging the land with
It's guns. Here Is the return
Mr. Sumner then named the several vessels and
their ornaments, and went on
. Twelve mighty war SHIPS. including two II not
three powerful monitors, maintained az the cost
of millions OF dollars, being part OF the price
OF the pending negotiation. Besides what we
pay TO Baez here are millions down. Rarely
L the Mediterranean, not in the Pacific, not
III the East Indies II is IN the waters OF
Here is its nag, and here also is It's frown. And why
this array? II our purpose Is peace, why these
gines of war; II we seek annexion by the de-
clared viii OF the people, spontaneous. Tree and
unanimous, was the boast OF spain, why these
floating batteries TO overawe tnemf IL we would do
good to the African race, why begin with violence
the black repubci
Before the Commissioners left our shores there
were already three war ships with powerful
ornaments in these waters-tle Congress- with
fourteen 9-lnch guns and two 61pounder
rifles; The Nantasket with six a2pounders.
4 500 pounds, and one 50-pounder ri6e AMI
the Yantlc, with one 1I-incn gun ana Two
9-incn. Aud then came The Tennessee with two IL
men and TWO a-inch guns Two lUo-pounders and one
6opounder on its spar deck and sixteen y-inch guns
on It's gun deck, to augment these forces Already
disproportioned 10 any proper oDJect. The Com
misslonerS are announced AS ministers OF peace; AT
Gil events their declared duty i To ascertain the
real sentiments OF the people. Why send them III .
war shipY Why cram the uove in q cannon's mouth 4?
There are good steamers at New York, safe and sea-
worthy, whose presence would not swell the array
OF war, subject the great republic 10 the grave
impuation OF seeking to accomplish its purpose Oy
violence.
IN lew words Mr. Sumner described the traqical
end of the occupation OF ST. Domingo by the
SpaniardS and then continued
AN ENGLISH PRECEDNT.
Tue example Of Spain Is REINFORCED by an English
precedent where may be seen In the light of
ha frna ru Of " NJ