davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
l0FFICIAL.1
Alabama Claims.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

WASHINGTON. August -, ISI.f
claimants who have not already fled in the De-
rarment OF State their claims against Great Britain
growing out Of the several vessels which have given
Tse 20 THE claims generally known as the Alabama
Ciams, are requested 20 do without delay in order
that they may be taken into account in presenting
the aggregate claims OF the United States to be
Drought before tho Tribunal Of Arbitration which "a
Qmeet In Geney a in the month of December next.
1t viii not be necessary fer claimants who have
already filed their claims, sustained by proofs 10
take any steps under this notice, unless they NAV
have additional proof to file. No papers already
nc can be withdrawn.
Claimants must prepare for themselves the proof
OF their claims. This department will. applca-
ton forward 20 claimants copy of the Treaty aud
showing the form Of proof that is BIZ
the Department in the absence Of other rules BY the
Tribunal which will pass on the same.
The early attention OF claimants who have not al
ready fled their claims Is invited 10 this notice
au5l HAMILTON FISH, Secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

The New York papers are very properly occu-
pied with the question what can be done TO mt
stop TO the erimc of abortion, in view OF the
"ROserzweig horror" One proposition is 10 in
crease the severity of the penalty; another is 70
suppress the hidcous crime by the establishment
of Founding Hospitals, and a founding system
such as governs in all the civilized countries of
the old world. But it seems doubtful if either
remedy viii 60 deep enough. The question, for
parents and for society at large to consider, is
whether the slips which lead u this crime
are not very largely the result OF the
unCuarded intercourse allowed in this country
between young people of the two sexes.
Nothing surprises Europeans visiting this coun-
try more than this freedom Of intercourse. be-
tween young men and women, and the singular
heedlessneSs shown by parents in allowing their
daughters at their most susceptible age to walk
out or ride out with young men by night as well
as by day, without the slightest oversight. In
Europe this freedom Of action on the part of
a young unmarried girl would not only COM
promise her reputation, but bring severe blame
upon her guardians who permitted it. 1t seems
that the victim in this case, Alice Bowls
by, was respectable girl, a church men,
Der, and an attendant of the Sabbath school;
but that her p6rsCnal attractions drew many
young men as visitors u her mothers house,
and il appears that the unhappy American IA
Cihty Of intercourse between the sexes above
noted resulted IN her rain. Seduction and its
train Of horrible crimes is fesrfuIIy on the in
crease. ard the question comes home to parents
how far thcy really encourage e by this repre-
heusiL!e neglect to exercise proper supervision
over their children.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

Are We ALL ARSENIC EATERs?-A CORE
Spondent Of New York paper in accounting for
the POI On discovered in old Peter BufFsnber-
gers body, advances the novel and startling the
DRY that We all have more or less arsenic in our
siom1chs, which finds its way there through the
common Use OF superpOsphate fertilizers. Su-
perIhoSI'hates are prepared with sulphuric acid,
many KINDS OF which contain arsenic in no in
considerable quantities, it being an impurity Of
the iron pyrites OF which su!phuric acid is usual
~ manufactured. Through the acid, arsenic
finds its way into the fertilizer, through the fer
tilizcr into the soil, then into the grain, and
then Into cur s;Jmachs.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
An election VIII take place in California to-

An election v III take place in California to-
morrow Tor State officers, members OF the legis-
Iature, and three meP,beTs Of the FOrty-seeond
CongTCrs. The csndiGat-s for Governor are
Henry II. Haight, democrat, and Newton Booth.
republican. The Candidates iOr Congress are
Laurence Archer, james W. CodroSh and Geo.
Pearee, democrats; and $. D. HOughton. Aaron
\. Sargent ard John M. Coghlan, republicans.
AT tie last election Cor Governor held in Cali
fornia, in 1sC7, Henry II. Haight, democrat. the
Ir,,cEt incumbent, had a majority of As.
having received 1895 vote; George G. Cor
ham, republican, received = SD votes and Fav.
INDEPENDENT republican, 2,O5S votes At the
State election held in 1te9, on the supreme court
ticket, Wallace, the democratic candidate for the
long term, bad a majority Of sos, and Crockett,
TIE De mocIatIc candidate for the short
term, had a majority OF 1922. The legis-
Iature elected at the same time stood
Senate democrats, %; republicans, IL;
Independent, 3. House democrats, O. :;
republicans, 10; independent, 3. The ma
jOTity of the democrats on Joint ballot
was therefore 66. Considerable interest fs at
present involved in the election of the Iegisla-
tdre, which will chOo.e a successor to Senator
Cole, republican, whose term will expire ON
March 9Th, lsi3. The delegates from California
u the United States House of Representatives
IN the FOT'y-frst Congress consisted Of two DEM
oeTatS and one republican. The democratic ma
joTi'y in the third congressional district in 1859
was 2s2, and the prospects of a change excites
great interest particularly about 2 900 coiored
persons will now come to the polls for the first
time in California. The people of California
are alo - vote on proposition to pay off the
State debt, and also on an amendment to the con-
stitution prohibiting the legislature from making
an appropriation OF money for any purpose for a
lorger period than two years.
In Wyoming Territory an election will also
take place to morrow Ior members of the terri
tOrial legislature.
The elections in Maine for Governor and Ieris-
latUre, and in New Mexico for delegate to Con-
gress, como of next Monday, the 18th inst.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

The weekly statement Of the associated banks OF
New York u favorable in far IL shows a gain in
surplus reserve Of about Sa0GOo: butthe loans have
BEEN again expanded TO the extent OF about two mil
Lions Of dollars and now stand az the enormous total
81 over 90 !yJ10. The Treasury paid out about
SZsth+tu srd received about sflG0 eco, yet the
statement shows an inexplicable increase OF about
1tty " specie The legal tenders are decreased
Siuo|t9 thrC ugh further shipments Of currency TO
the interior. the DEPOSITS are increased lust mil
lion, and represent tne difference between the in
crease IN loans and the loss in legal tenders The
banks now hold 06s9Ef9 surplus over the twenty
i've per cent reserve required by lava gain for the
week Of S2I5,i24. WV
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
The Weather

WAR DEPARTMENT, Once Of Chef SiTnal O6rey. }
. WASHINGTON, u. O., Sept 4, ISTI-lO A m
SYNOPSIS FOR THE PAST TwENTY-FouR HogRs
= ne highest barometer continues in Virginia and
feDnsyi Vania but the pressure has yerg generally
diminished over the entire country from, the Rocfy
mountains to the Atlantic coast and the Hudson
souri, and narthwards. The Barometer has risen
slght ,S IN NeT England Temperature has risen
southwestward to Missouri smoke Is reported
from southern Michigan. and smoky haze from Mis-
sour and Iowa to Virginia and Massachusetts
Clear weather has continued to prevail eScenting
on Lake Superior and the Gulf coast, where clouds
the Texas and FLORIDA shores Light nortberIy
winds prevail on the Atlantic coast south
PR0BABILITIEs.-An area of low Barometer will
probably deyelop during the day from Iowa to Lake
is probable for the Gulf coast Clear and hazy
weather with increasing perature for the Allan
Michigan. " - anu
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AT WHRELING-The
! .On and Nail CCmpanyS extensive works AT
W heeiing, West Virginia, were totally DESTROYED
by IRE yesterday afternoon, involving a loss of
81 900. Fully three hundred men Will he
thrown out OF employment by the disaster
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

The general convention of the Protestant
Episcopal Church, which meets in Baltimore
early in October, Will have to consider the
5,IOTt ofthe committee OnTubrieal amendments,
u hich is likely to provoke discussion on some
90 the principal points on which the high church
AID The low church parties are at issue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

Nov that the Island of ST. Thomas has been
smashed up by enc Of its semi-occ lsional hur-
riCanes, we may congratulate ourselves that we
did not bny it along with the Alaska icebergs, as
Mr.. Seward proposed. When We do invest in
West India real estate it viii be desirable 20 get
= Patch not quite 80 shaky As ST. Thomas is with
is hurricane and its earthquakes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
In THE SUPREME COURT OF THE DISTRICT
OF COIVMRIA

HoEding Special TsrUi, Angust 20, 1871
In the case of III. Clay Sitter, Executor of
ALICE r. WARDEN, deceased the Executor
aforesaid has, with the appreciation of. the Supreme
Court Of the District of Columbia aforesaid. ap-
Pointed SATURDAY ,Septembr sd, 1871 for the final
settlement and distribution of the personal estate of
SAID deceased and of the in hand as far as the
same have been collected and turned into money;
When and where all the creditors and heirs of said
DECEASED are notified to attend, with their claims
propeTly youched, or they may otherwise by law be
excluded from all benefit in said deceased estate:
PTorided, a copy Of this order be published once a
to the said day. Test:
ses-m3t Per LANES orr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

NETHE ASSOCIATION FOR the PRE-
M hold S a f,Ii0e OP CRUELTY TO ANIMALS
day. EVENING, September 5, at ~ O'Clock, in
the Lecture Room of the Y. NJ. u. A. building
Cordially invited.
THEODORE Il. GATCHEL, President
EDGAR j. BORAEI, Secretary. II
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

w The ASSOCIATION FOB THE PRE-
me meeting T6 Mo E8 6SWSMf Ads
day EVENING, September Sat az O'Clock, in
Bu5insss Of Importance to be transacted. Public
THEODORE L. GATCHEL, President
EDeAE l. BoRAEM, Secretary. II
1EON SATURDAY EVENING LAST, MI
w M. GRASsIE, Chief If the An Population
New England and The Province. The clerks s etm 10
posing his Division tend red him serenade of wei
courtesy they have ever received at his hands Mr.
GTassie responded in few pleasant remarks assur.
ing them for such NANTES of feeiing Tor him
a ~ then repaired to the residence of Col. VIM H.
By0, on oth ana III streets, COW incing the hOSni-
table Colonel that his efforts as Acting Chief dariy
MI. Grassle absence have been appreciated. 1t
CSPPIE.N;FNiSSXNLyAANIA KEPI5LICAX .As50-
e.ytion will be hnld at ClsrE's Hall, 40 PennsyIya
at7}1 och ok, at which time the semi annual cleo,
ton q CflceTs Will take place, in connection with
R. M. JONES, Secretary ''-'-'' ''' ses2.
ESNnTICE;-Sn fruit OF CLARK 5 PRO
Cs5av sJ can be examined at No s22 I2th str eG
west during the ensuing ten days. Public in
yited. sci Ct
NJ ATTENTION, KNIGHTS Template.
Tie Sir Knights Of COLUMBIA COMMANDERY.
Mctng fr JT IN me inca n ts{ sn, Te WI DC sS,Ga
DAY ENENlNG, at 6 30 oclock, in front of The ity
hL.l2iii. VIII appear IN iatlgu3 dress Sir
khigh's OF Washington, No. !, and Potousac No
rate. " i''-'
b order Of the Eminent Commander.
au2l-5tSm.n II. ;. JONES, Captain General
Ne THE ATTENTION OF THE PUBLIC is
- invited 70 my large STOCK OF SCHOOL
BOchS, STATIONERY and SCHOOL REOUI-
SITES, which 1 am prepared TO sell at the very
lowest prices, Wholesale AMI retail, at No, 1926
seventh street, above New York avenue
sel)m RICHARD ROBERTS
nSsTICKETS FOR ADMISSION 10 the PubIIc
sCp Schools Of the Fourth District viii be given
az the Female Grammar School, near the corner Of
. u am - rect south Wa Arlington at O'clock
kNEkl WEDNESDAY MORNING; until fur{ber
h"tIee. iEep Chron. and Patti seI-5t
DSs1HiRD SCHOOL DiSTRICT-TicEets of
~ asni,-ion Tiil be given at a. and D. m
on 4 ESDA1 next, at Waliach School House. AMI
az he same hour. the remainder Of the weeS
Gy order Of sub-Bcsrd. au3l
rs n &c 7 a t 5.
eco POUNDS CARBOLIC ACID Cor disinrecting
EuIp,,s.s - cents . pound. Also, a large lot 0f
SOLUTION CHLOI.. ALI VI (the treat En- glish dis,
POWDER, Is cents Per p.lund. For sale by
X. B. FERGUSON, Ap1thecsry,
ailal ot cor. lst 81. and Pa. ave-, Capitol HILL
1C+ArNISSlON OF PUPILS TO THE PCR-
Us Lilo SCHOOLS IN THE FIRST DISTRICT
i tckets 81 admission TO the schools ia he First
Disirict Will be issued on TUESDAY NEXT, San
itEtber .th At the Franklin School Builjing from
lii III clock a. and at the School house corner
81 and L streets from II O'Clock a. m till o clock
auSOst THE SUB BOARD FIRST DISTRICT
tChronicie- Republican and Patriot copy.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
n THE SUPREME COURT OF THE DISTRICT
Il OF COI,f-MRIA

FoiGiHg a Special Term, September ISL
In the case Of james Hamilton Sayiile executor of
GEORGE WOOD, deceased, the executor aforesaid
has. with the appreciation Of the Supreme Court of
the District Of Columbia aforesaid, ID ointed TUES
Day SEPTEMBER the 2Jth, ISL, for the final settle
nj and distribution Of the personal estae of said
deceased, ard Of the assets in hand, far as the
ine have been collected and turned into money:
when and where all the creditors and heirs of said
deceased are notified to attend, with their claims
property youched. or they may otherwise by law BE-
efcinded from all benefit in said dec sssed's estate:
PToItsed. a copy of this order be published once
week Tor three weeks in the Evening Star previous
to said day.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
DRY

OPENING NEW Fall GOODS
Blue and White ani Scarlet and White Plaid
FLANNELS
Black end White Plaid FLANNELS
Blue, Scarlet, White and Black OPERA FLAN-
NELS
Black Velvet RI BBONS by the piece
Linen Table DAMASk and NAPKINS
Pillow Case and Sheeting LINENS
Richardson' IRISH LINENS, an Qualities
White CORDUROY aHi TERRY CLOTH
VERY CHEAP BLACK SILKS
Black TRIMMING NELYETS
Black and Colored NELVETEENS
EMPRESS CLOTHS. silk miNtures
II igh Col0red PLAIDS
Handsome STRIPED SHAWLS. Sc. &c
One Price ONLY All goods marked in plain figures
W. VI. SHUSTER q BRO,
au3l-4tn 9l9 Penna ave, bet. OH and 10Th sts
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
. ATTENTION, KNIGHTS TEMPLAE.

T5s THE ATTENTION OF THE PUBLIC is
~ invited 70 my large STOCK OF SCHOOL
BOOKS, STATIONERY and SCHOOL REoUI-
SITES, which 1 am prepared TO sell at the very
lowest prices, Wholesale AMI retail, at No 1926
Seventh street, above New York avenue.
Fe!-Jm RICHARD ROBERTS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

II SnNuTICE ;-Snecimcn fruit Of CLARK ) PRO
Wy LiFIC GRAPE "a seeding from thu Ohio
CaJav BAL can be examined at No. 322 18th street
west during the ensuing ten days. Public in
Nlttu. sci Ct
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04
!{.t: A. WE 6STEI, Register Of Wills.
sei-nf@ Per J. j. OFT, Dep.

SHIRTlNGS, SHEETJNGS, PILLOW COT
n n ToNs.-N.w, York BILLS, Wamsutta Mills,
Bates, Utica Mills, Androscroggin, Fruit of Loom
PCgrod and Pepperill Sheetings, all widths 9-S 81
and6 Pillow Case Musins Ellerton Canton FIau.
nels, W hite and Brown. R$-We are selling the
above goods BY the piece at the lowe5t New York
quotations. " We have also just received full
stock Of White ard Colored all Wool FIanneIs
White, Scarlet, Blue and Pink Opera Flanneis
Waterproof Cloakines in the new col0rs, Black and
ColoTcd French Merinos and Cachmpres. New Fall
Delaines and Robe Goods, Cheap Black silks, excel
lent qualities, at 81 25 Sl5 rs ami 81 per yard
the qualries-pTices from - cents 20 81 IS Also in
store pr bs bly, the best assortment of Lupins cele-
brated Mourning Dress Goods ~ be found in the
District. ~ Our prices fer all of the above goods
are extremely low. Hr-OEe price only in plain
DGures. ~ The public are resneC'fully invited to
call. JOSEPH j NAY
sei-eoSt go Penns. ave, bet 9th and Il. h SITS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

E0R SALE-TwO- story BRICK, rooms, hall,
Il kitchen, closets, large handsome yards location
high, healthy and pleasant; neighborhoal good.
Liberal terms. Gail at premises, No. 400 Rhode
Island avenue, after p m, or address T. F.. SEW
ELL. Adimtant Generals Ofica. an 25tf
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

k'Oh SALE-At bargain, the 6 GOD WILL. &c,
OF the old established Coal and Wood Depot cor,
hei o. maryland avenue and Sth street. Island suit
abie t9r coal or lumber depot. Apply at Dr. BOS-
9TH street. a1lo 80
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

LOR SALE-An old established well known RES-
TAURANT, with a good run Of customers, in the
center Of the city. Owner relinq ishihg bust
ness Au93tf
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

FOR RENT-A three-story BRICK HOUSE, con
i tanning all modern improvements, situated ON
the southwest corner OF nth and y streets n. w
Inqnre Of Mrs. Il. FARNHAM, 1I03 NJ street
N. W. au13 IL
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

Property In all parts Of the city for sale on long
credit. Houses erected for persons owning ground
knd long time notes taken IN payment. Real Estate
paper bought and sold. tes-ff3
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

IGOR RENT One two story BRICK HOUSE,
Il newly painted; six rooms gas In every room and
hall: square and half from the 9TH street cars No
11Oc 9th street, between and Q. Rent S2j per
month. Inquire No. 403 9TH street near D. a2l -2w
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-04

E'OR SALE-0n street, No. 1928, between az
l. and 81 streets, a commOdious DWELLING
HOUSE and LOT of l53 feet deep by IS feet inches
'FRONT.' price SlSOO0. Apply the nremises anyS7fs
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1871-02-21
Unpleasant Predicament.

On Monday afternoon last bright
eyed little chap of six years, living
near the top of Julien avenue, espy-
ed sleigh large enough to carry
three or four boys, on the sidewalk.
Thinking it would be nice fun to
take a ride, he jumped on, laying
with his stomach to the sleigh, and
started off. The "shin- breaker"
went at such a madeningd rate that
the little fellow was unable to steer
it, and so he was obliged to let it
take its couse. Going up the avenue
was middle-aged lady, who is un-
fortunately troubled with sore eyes,
and who was obliged to keep her
handkerchief partially over them in
order to shield them from the light.
When she arrived in front Of Nagle's
store, and before she observed the
imminent danger, she was upset by
the sleigh, and fell on top of the ur-
chin. She screamed and kicked, and
threw out Der arms wildly. Crino-
line flew around promiscuously, and
ribbons waved grandly in the air.
But the sleigh never stopped. The
little fellow was nearly smothered by
the weight of flesh and clothes, but
was unable to yell. The iron shod
locomotive kept on its way, gaining
speed every moment; when it reach
ed Schloth's butcher shop the invol-
untary riders were tumbled off. The
lady made rush for the nearest
house in order to arrange her disor-
dered apparel, and the little chap
was so amazed that for a few mino
utes he did not know what to do
Finally he went into an adjacent
dwelling, and shortly afterward came
out looking smiling and happy
The sleigh kept on down the avenue,
and at last accounts the owner had
not found it. The lady will undoubt-
eddy ever regret and never forget her
unexpected and ludierous coasting
expeditioD.-Dubuqlte Telegraph.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1871-02-21
Bankrupt Law-Important Amend
ment,

1t may not be generally known
that Congress, on July II, 1870, pass
ed very important amendment
to the bankrupt act. As the law
now stands, person going into
bankruptcy can obtain discharge
from his debts contracted prior to
January l, 1867, whatever may be
the amount of his assets at all.
The second clause of the thirty
third section of the bankrupt act
Of March 2, 1867, was originally as
follows:
"And in all proceedings if bankrupt
cy commenced after one year from
the time this act shall go into opera
ton, no discharge shall be granted
to debtor whose assets do not pay
fifty per centum Of the claims against
his estate, unless the assent in writ
ing of majority in number and
value of his creditors who have prov
ed their claims is filed in the case at
or before the time of application for
discharge"
This clause was amended by an
act of Congress of July 81, 1868, so
as to read as follows:
"In all proceedings in bankruptcy
commenced after the 1st day of Jan
uary, 1869, no discharge shall be
granted to a debtor whose assets
shall not be equal to fifty per centum
of the claims proved against his es-
tate upon which he shall be liable as
the principal debtor, unless the
assent in writing of majority in
number and value of his creditors to
whom he shall have become liable
as principal debtor, and who shall
have proved their claims. be filed
in the case, at or before the time OF
the hearing of the application for dis
charge"
The amendment of July IA, 1870
above referred to, provides as fol.
lows:
"Be it enacted, ETC., That the pro-
visions of the second clause of the
SD section of said act as amended by
the first section of an act in amend.
ment thereof approved July %, IS
68, shall not apply to those debts
from which the bankrupt seeks dis.
charge, which were contracted prior
to the LIST day of January, 1869"
1t will thus be seen that the fifty
per cent clause does not apply t
debts contracted prior to January
1869. From these the bankrupt cal
still obtain adischarge, with or with
out assets, as the case may be.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1871-02-21
Life Insurance.

The business of life insurance has
received very perceptible check in
the past year. Some Of the old and
well established companies have
done nearly their usual amount of
busincs', but the aggregate of busi-
ness has been much smaller than for
several years past.
The N. Y. World says the de-
crease in business which has occur
red has come about, too, without re-
ference to the failures whose occur
rance has recently startled the COM
munity. For the failures took
place too late to affect the business of
1870. And now the fact that they
have occurred is only beginning TO
have its effect. This force will be
felt during the current year, and
will justify our prediction as to the
relapse of the system from popular
favor and confidence. The prestige
of immunity from failure, which has
been q glory heretofore, has gone
The possibility, nay, the probability,
of other financial failures like those
of "Great Western" and the EARN
ers' and Mechanics" will hover like
clouds over the future, and either re-
pei persons from insuring, or make
them so cautious that mono but we'll
established companies will get their
patronage. This is just where the
lite insurance scheme should land,
after so long season of experiment.
If the signs Of the times be studied
in this sensible light life insurance
may yet prosper but if the reckless
competition, extravaganza, and NAL
administration of the past few years
are TO continue, there will be thou
sands in the community made to
mourn, and not a few companies
brought to bankruptcy.
The New York Nation, in discuss
ing the same subject, thus points out
oneofthe errors in the principle upon
which life insurance is generally con-
Quoted:
$50 long as agents for life insur-
ance compnies are paid by commits
sions, and thereby virtually rendered
the enemies Of the employers; so
long as officers of companies are al
lowed to receive commissions on the
premiums that they procure, just so
long will there be an element of
weakness, corruption within the or
ganization itself, which no amount of
honesty business shrewdness in it's
managers can permanently counter
act"