davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
FROM NEW YORK.
New YORK, May 20, 1871

To the Editor or the woAKu oAAHs ADVOCATE
THE NEW ENGLAND LABOR REFORM
LEAGUE, PEACE, SUFFRAGE AND DAUGH-
TIERS OF ST. cRIsPIN coNvRNTIoNs-rHE
CMsPINs' FIC-NIC.
Now that the last of the convention
people have quoted down or gone home,
| propose to tell you something of their
doings. First came the New England
Labor Reform Leaguers, headed by
Haywood, Orvis and Mrs. Daniels, who
have given themselves up studying the
theory Of the thing. and in that line Of
the business they are a perfect success.
If all the world was up to their style
of thinking, and could be induced to
act on that belief we should all be q
great deal better off; but there will al
ways be unbelievers, you know, and
our New England friends must not be
discouraged if they find it up hill work
to establish their theories in this local.
Ity. 1t is hardly necessary for me to
urge them on in the work they have De-
gun as they seem to improve every OPP
portunity to impress their views and
ideas upon the people, and I may add
that they have peculiar and simple
way Of preventing any argument that
tends to weaken their own. The New
England Labor Reform League Com
ventiOn was held in the large hall Of
Cooper Institute, commencing Friday
evening, the 5th, the question being
'are Trades Unions az now organized
beneficial to the working classes" on
which occasion Mr.. Haywood lead off
with an attack upon Trades Unions,
charging them with being monopolies,
retarding the progress Of ideas and the
arts, and contrary to the true interests
OF the working people. His speech
was delivered in an easy, able manner,
and conveyed the impression that the
speaker was master Of his subject and
knew what he was about but when
Mr.. Drury of the international arose to
reply, confidence was restored and the
defence of Trades Unions made by him
was conclusive and ellicited rounds Of
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
LABOR ITEMS.

The following are the names of dele
gates to the next session of the Typo
graphical International Union, 40 far al
heard from:
Philadelphia, No. 2.-John Dardis,
Timothy Mccarthy, and John W.
Heating. l.".
Jackson, Miss No. S7.-Miss Callie
White.
Ne.O Haven, No. Alas. A. Peck.
Trenton, No. 7l.-Henry HoHghtAl-
ing.
Macon, No. 84.-H. F. Reese.
KnOxciae, No. 111.-G. III. Bomar
delegate; w. E. NJ. Neal, alternate.
Lynch6slrg, No. IGN. O. jackson
Jacques Cartier, no. l45.-Peter A.
Crosbsy.
HuntsviAe, (AIa,) No. 148.--James A.
Packard.
Chicago, No. 16.-F. K. Tracy.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
THE INTERNATIONAL.
TEHrH WARD HorTL, CORNER !
Bao0xE AND foRsYTHK Sra,
NEW YoRK, May 81, 1871.

II TEHrH WARD HofUL, CORNER
| BSooxE AND FomYTHr Sra,
NEW YoRK, May 81, 1871
10 all Trades Unions and Labor &octe-
ties of North America.
FELLOW WoRKINGMEN: We take
pleasure in notifying you that several
labor societies of the United States
affiliated with the International Work
ingmen's Association, have formed the
North American Central Committee OF
the /. W. A., by electing one delegate
for each Section to this body now meet.
ing every st and Sd Sunday of each
month in New York city, at the 10th
Ward Hotel, corner Broome and For
syth streets, at 5 O'Clock, P. M.
The following Sections are at pres
ent represented in this Central Com
mittee:
SECTION l. General German Work
ingmen's Society Labor Union No. s.
New York City.
Section 2. French Section No. / OF
the /. w. A. down town..
Section 8. Gechien Worklngmen's
Society.
Section 4. Social Political w orkipg-
mems Society, No. i, Chicago, Ill.
Section 5. Social Political Working
mems Society, No 2, of Chicago.
Section 6. Social Democratic Work
ingmen's Society, New YORK city.
Section T. Irish Section OF the /. W.
A., New York city.
Section 8. Social Democratic Soci-
ETY., williamsburg, n. Y,
Section 8. American (nativs1 Section
of the l. w. A., New York city.
Section To- French Section No. Q of
the l. w. A. Cup town. New York CITY.
The |. W. A. has spread over the
entire civilized world, and is planting
it's roots among the working classes Of
all countries where modern industry
reigns England, Germany, France,
Belgium, Austria, Switzerland, Spain,
Italy, Prussia, Holland, United States,
etc. Its central body or board of ad-
ministratiOn, the General Council of the
|. W. a., is sitting in London, and its
last official communication Of March
l4th distinctly recognizes and so-
knovledges the organization of the IN
designed Central Committee. and
expresses its satisfaction with our ac-
tivity."
Every Trades Union or Labor 500 ETY.
of this country may affiliate with this
Central Committee Of the !. w. A. By
acknowledging and defending the prin.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03

and peddlers. In almost all civilized
countries the first mentioned of these
are now closely circumscribed in their
gains, and all should be. At present
we offer a premium to trafhckers TO
cheat us with false weights and poison
us with authorizations. This would not
be the case if they were ruled as ser
wants Of the people and paid sper
centage for their services,as they ought
to be. The present method Of collect
inc certain classes of goods in large
centres for sale is obtaining in all our
large cities. This is right. Did the
government, instead Of interested indi-
viduals, superintend the sale thereof,
the poor would not be robbed as they
are now. There is no reason why 6
man whose necessity constrains him to
purchase his flour by the pound or his
coal by the peek should pay from one
to two hundred per cent for the priv
lege. 1t is the duty of a just govern.
ment to defend him from such extor.
ton. As things are now it is question
able if it be not impossible to secure
success in trade by acting justly. Al
though the distributing class il far toe
largely populated, it is believed that il
does not yet cover more than fourth
of the community, and careful exam.
nation of the change proposed would
prove that fully seyenty-fve per cent Of
it would be benefited by the change
proposed. The labor movement will
not entirely succeed until distributors
are displaced from the position they
now occupy and are placed with states
men, soldiers, &C., in the category u
the paid servants of the public.
OF THE THIRD-FlNANClERs.
Under this head are included bank.
ers, brokers, lawyers, commercial and
insurance agents, &c.-all Of whom
render to the world no tangible labor
equivalent for the daily cost of theirsex-
istence to the producing classes. Nine
tenths of these classes, which probably
number one-twentieth of the commu'
nifty, have grown out of the exigencies
eff the false money system established
in Europe IN the sixteenth century by
the legalization Of usury or interest for
money. The National Labor Union re-
formers propose to supersede the ne
cessity for the greater part of these
classes, who are now grievous burden
upon working people, by nstionalizing
the money of the country, and requir-
ing the withdrawal of all private in.
references Herewith; demand now
partially sanctioned by the late deci-
sion of the Supreme Court of the Uni
ted States.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03

ciples and rules of the /. w. A., and
renting an annual due of 2 cents per
member for the General Council, and
s cents per member for this Central
Committee to the undersigned, and also
electing . delegate.
The principles of the |. w. A. may
be condensed in the following extracts
from its rules:
The National Labor Congress at Gin
cinnati, August 1870, and the New y ork
State Workingmen's Assembly, Janu-
ary, 1871, both passed resolutions &C
knowledging and recommending the
principles Of the L w. A.
Feliow-Workingmen: This Contra
Committee is in duty bound to make
every effort for uniting the working
classes of this country, and to collect
everything tending to enlighten them
on their own condition. Recognizing
this, as you surely will, also as an i'm
portant duty of yours, you are hereby
solicited to enter into communication
with us and TO report to us everything
at your disposal referring to the condi
ton of your trade and associates, al
well as in general of workingmen il
your district. We are willing and ready
to reciprocate with all due care anC
dispatch.
A fall and clear knowledge Of th,
interests of our class will,we are salts
fed, soon influence you in declaring
your afiliation to that fraternal unioI
of the laborers of all countries destined
to break the yoke under which tn,
working classes languish-the wages
slavery.
Workingmen Of all countries, unite
PRATKRNAL GREETING.
The North American Central Commit
tee of the international Working
mems Association
Theodore III. Banks, Conrad Carl
John Dewey, Edward Grasse, B. Hq;
berts, Vilim Iantus, L.. Ruppell, T. A
Serge, Rud. Starke, Weiss.
All communications to be directed t
F. A. SoRGE,
Cor. Sec, box l01, H0D0Tsfi, ". J.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
The Daughters of 81. Crispin.

The third annual session Of the Ma
tional Grand Lodge of the Daughters
Of st. Crispin was held st New York
city, N. Y. May 9th, 10TH, 18th. ,12th.,
IS. The following officers were elected
for the ensuing year:
First Grand Directyess-Miss M. NJ.
Walbridge, OF .Stonehsm, Mass.
Second Grand Directress-Miss Nancy
Whitmore, of Rochester, N. Y.
1sa. q. D.-Miss Esther Bell, OF
Baltimore, Md.
2nd. g. D.--Mrs. Julia Turney, of
Elmira, n. Y.
3nd G.. D.-Miss Anna McEvoy, OF
Utica, N. Y.
Grand Secrctary-Mrs. Francis r.
Jones, Of StOneham, Mass.
Grand IFeasurer-Mrs. Eliza d. Rog-
ers, of Lynn, Mass.
Before adj ourning the ADVOCATE was
selected as the official organ of the
craft
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
NOTES ON THE LABOR QUESTION
BY AN INTERNATIONAL.

Setting aside rulers, statesmen, sol
diers, sailors and all other public ser.
wants who are paid salaries or wages
for their services, we can divide the
rest Of the community into the three
following sections: Producers, distrib
utors and fnanciers. As an Interna.
tional have inverted the order in which
they should stand in society, and pro
pose in this paper to give reasons why
| have SO placed them.
OF THE FIRsT-oR PRoDU CHG CLASSES.
These may be subdivided into -four
classes, agricultural, mechanical, intel
lectual and moral. They number at
least, seven-tenths of all civilized com
munities. They are the strength and
sustenance of all countries. A correct
system Of political economy would Sc
cure to them the possession Of the
largest part of the wealth their labor:
alone create. Political economists adj
NIT this when they assert that the most
useful man is he who makes two blades
of grass grow where one grew before.
The most useful man, if their system
was right, would be the best rewarded
also. 1t is conceded by many that he
whose labor produces an article holds i
by special tenure. He cannot trans
fer to another. 1t is claimed for thif
"right Of production" that TO him alone
ought the worlds market be open to
so that he can obtain the highest price
for the commodity he has to sell or dis
pose Of. This is too much to demand
for this great body Of people, who
alone render the world a tangible qma
pro quo for the labor cost Of their ex-
lstence.
OF THE sECoND-oR Distributors.
Under this head may be reckOned all
those who are engaged in the distribu-
ton OF men or goods-trom Railroad
magnates and merchants 10 retailers
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
THE CIGAR MOULDS,
TOLEDO. O.. Nav 2Olh. Isl

- 10y -NN'3 49, -
70 the EdtOF ofths WoRKIsGHAS's ADvocAsE.
10 your paper. dated May 9th,
find an article, the writer of which
signs himself " A member who has e.
capped the Moulds yet" Now, Mr
Cameron, tie correspondent i evident
ly working in the interests of Mould
manufacturers or cigar manufacturer,
who are in favor of the Mould system
and cheap labor. Sut why sign him
self as he does ? The very signature
itself goes to show that the Moulds are
q misfortune to all union cigar makers
which to escape from would be consid-
cred. even by him, fortunate occur
snce, He goes on to show how the
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03

whose daily wages do not bring them
the commonest hecessaries Of life, and
during last winter, many honest, indus
tnous workingmen and women were
compelled to apply for public or private
charity to keep themselves and their
loved ones from starvation, and MANY
died from want of proper food, clothes
and shelter. While these ten men were
worth millions, there were nearly 63,-
oOo paupers supported by the city OF
New York, during the year 1867, and
much larger number during 1865.
Let 1t be remembered that large pro
portion Of these poor people, called
"paupers" by newspapers and officials,
are honest workingmen and women,
the profits of whose toll goes TO make
up the fortunes-the mllllons-ot the
few whose costly cquiPages jostle
the starving mechanic in the same
street.
No where in the world Is SO high
rate of interest maintained no where
in the world is labor more completely
under the control Of the money power,
and no where in the world is all wealth
50 surely and SO rapidly concentrating in
the hands of the few, as in the L nited
States.
1t is first principle that no man can
become rich without making another
one poor, and that all accumulations of
great fortunes necessarily produce pow
erty somewhere. The course is plain.
1t is not in the power OF man TO pro-
duce sum of labor so immence as to
make every one rich, but he does pro-
duce enough to make all comfortable.
If some, therefore, acquire large for
tunes from the pile produced by labor,
it must leave others without any To
make this still palmer, we will suppose
there is one hundred men whose com
bined, or aggregate production is $780,
900 an equnl division would give to
each one $1,000. If one of these men
got one dollar more than his share,
ninety-nine would get less. But sup
pose ten Of them got $4,000 each, then
there would be but S555.55 a piece for
the other ninety but if twenty of the
ninety take $500 each, then seventy
would be left without any. A truth so
plain requires no further demonstra-
ton.
Wealth, seated in the midst Of her
golden paradise, often sends her attend
ent-talse benevolence-among the
wretched, who are furnishing from hun
ger and cold, to exhort then to econo-
my and temperance, or alarmed by
their crres Of anguish and suffering,
she gathers the poor into alms-houses,
and eases her conscience by feeding
them upon offals, and selling their dead
bodies to the desecting rooms to detray
a portion of the expense. The most
pernicious character in society is the
User, the accumulation, the man who
will gather up the r-~lucts of labor be
yond his needs, the man VINO steals
from honest toll and leaves The toiler to
starve. He is one of the moral extremes
that meet on the verge Of misery,
worthlessness, and non-production
The accumulation is tyrant, whose every
step, inficts anguish, brushes tie heart
or Stays his victim.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
Chance for Agents.

To any party sending US a club Of SO yearly
subscribers, at club rates, we will forward an
Edwin Rollo" watch, in sterling silver cases,
full plate, lever movement, exposed pallet jewels,
costing FORTY DOLLARS This is an offer seldom
made, and may be relied on as genuine.
FeR CLUB OF TIN yearly subscribers, We
vii send to any address, charges paid, re-
volving pistol, manufactured BY the American
Arms Company, of Boston, worth 5000
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
A CIGAR MAKRk.
DAVENPORT, Iowa. May 20, 1871

DAVENPORT, Iowa. May 20, 1871.
70 tie Editor Or the wOIKnOxAs'. AD,Oo,r
In the last issue Of the ADVOCATE
noticed an article giving a description
Of the Cigar moulds and the way ci
gars are made BY the new system. The
description Of the Moulds and the w,v
they are worked is all very well, but
when you term them labor saving ma
chinery, l beg to differ with you. The
bunch must be made aud the wrapper
put on by hand, just the same az in ne
old system, and this putting the buncbes
in the Moulds and then taking them
out and turning them half round IL All
extra work, 80 / fail to see the labor
saving part Of the machine. You also
assert that the cigars will smoke. bay-
ing, as you say, practical evidence II
their smoking qualities. 4 would Ike
to ask you if the cigar handed YOU by
Mr.. Abrams would not have smoked
whether Won would have considered il
a sufficient test To have condemned the
Tot, as now, that it did smoke, you aver
they all will smokeg You then say
that the introduction of labor saving
machinery cannot be successfully resist.
ca, az is shown By all experience. Il
remains e ~ proven Yet that lbe
Moulds are labor saving machinery, a.
| think you tahe,l to prove il in your
description as to how they were used.
There are cigar makers 10 this town
that worked with tie Moulds IN Ham
burg, Germany, and who know them
TO be dispensed with there and in many
other cities in Europe. will clo,e by
saying that ia giving your readers a
correct idea If The Moulds you will
have convinced a. many that tie article
was intended a. puff on machine e.
gars more than a description of how
they were made.
PRACTrcAL CIGAR Make
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03

Mould' were introduced in Europe f..
years ago. Tie will find that tbp I'LL.
makers OF America and the c;,.. SAT
CTS ol Europe are very different an N.
one hand a grade above The sIsro ~
On inc other, free and indepeDdsn,
fearless in asserting their riOht.
with a determination to mdntair -
This question Of Moulds must -
WIN nor. We must form in In n :,
battle, our face to the front on ,"V ~
the Moulds, and our battle crv $3.50. ~
d'hondl surrender, for this fobt v;I1
suit In the death Of our trade
death of The Mould system and 'us
Union man should tamper with MoniIo
IN any shape, for the more Iban ~
countenanced the stronger thes y
come Ny way 70 dispose Of H. an
ton would be 70 have the Interna,ionsI
Union order an election in all tha Ia
Unions of America. and let tbe - 80
bers vote Moulds or no Moulds -,
send a return of the elections !, ~
International Secretary. liza maioritv
OF the cigar makers vote no NouIJ:
then let the International Union 49,
1t unlawful for any Union man 70 W.
with them in any shape. But Il \.
majority votes -Noulds, let the Intems,
'ional Union say to the local Upinrs
decide the question for yourselves Z
your respective Jurisdictions. But !
think it would Be dangerous under
taking at present TO thurst the Monl1,
on US without giving every cigar maj
er voice in matter Of such yast N
portance to him. II you think III -
sufficieql importance to our trade ana
not taking up too much space in YOU,
paper, YOU will insert it when conyeni.
ent, and oblge
A CIGAR MAKRK
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
Pied.

Last Wednesday evening, when the
paper was almost ready for press, some
evilIy disposed person or persons broke
into the Office md pied large portion
of the matter prepared for this weeks
issue, thereby delaying our publication
for a few days. Under these cirCum.
stances orr readers must excuse the de-.
lay5 Next week we shall be sll ngH
again.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
THE CIGAR MAKERS

tY- WILL uuion- 4, s.riuz chanPesin the sddrssd
cOrrespon "n- secretaries lease state name offs
former secretary.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
CHICAGO, JUNE 8, 1871.
GEO.P. WELL 4 CO..
40 Park Row, New York,

SIN PETTENG1L CO.,
81 Park Row. New York.
ARE the sole agents for the WOEKSOEASs ADVOCATE IN
advertiser ents for at lowest cash rates Ad-
vertsers In that city requested to leave their vors
With either Of the above houses.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03
PHILADELFHIA. "A. Nav

former secretary.
PHMADELrHIA, PA, NAY ], ISL
AZ prov ded for IN Section Vt Article ~. Of
tie Cons .itution n The Cigar Makers Internr
-tiond Uuion, Jour Secretary offers the following
report for tAe three months aud fifteen days oc
curing between January 10 ana May y 1911
Owing y the f.ct lat NY % April lbsh but
limited lumber of quarterly reports had ot'D
received, orr Secretary las taken The liberty
70 extend the iime fifteen day Toe making lhi
report.
Jan - Rscrivel NJ ~ Treasurer q. solomon ; ~
FEB. "a CJldnater union NJ III, -.
upon Suspension ~
May Receive. OF local utdons up to date, as
ooileet,d on trayunaE csrs, das 'OF ur
Ny KsssissG i loeal sayn. Up q d.l.S
SasHcs o. hand IA report ~
Total - TS
DrsruRsHEHTs.
FEB. u Paid A. O. Cameron. as yer bill q 0s
/" i rs'i Tho.. ciuno. y PEI bUE.O.g q"
APrii PAid eo-upera.ise m .nttuy CoalPa1y ,gy
r-d +, n"eh, -e,re,.ry'' sEOsn sp
ran a.
Leaving balance In llt,rn.tIon.l secrets ,na
rysLaLds At dNr
The fylIoSlu. .s be E1-Tre,surers fnAl fe-
port:
wssuIIy. MASS, January . M, ,,,1
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1871-06-03

1--WE do not hold ourselves responsible for any opi
expressed BY our Correspondents.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1871-09-28
GEORGETOWN.

HABBOR MASTER OF THE PORT-Mr 8. H
S sherman n, OF the Borden Mining Coal Company,
harbor master of the port of Georgetown. Mr.
Sherman has held his present position for nearly
two years, and his reappointment is generally
RECEIPTS OF GRAIN.-The receipts of wheat
to-day were: Hartley s. Brother, AGO. and
and George Waters, $500 bushels. Mr.. Waters
also received, per canal boat Nettie Graham
450 bushels of corn.
SHIPMENT OF FLoUR.-The steamer f.. C.
Knight, which sails to- morrow, will take out
about Loo barrels of flour, shipped by the
Georgetown mills.
SCARCITY OF COAL VEssELs.-Owing to a
heavy storm along the coast a large number of
loaded coal schooners from this port were COM
PEELED to lay to for several days last week inside
Capes Charles and Henry, and when they passed
out encountered strong head winds which still
further delayed them. In consequence of this
present.
MERCHANTS ExcHANGE.-The offerings to-
day on change were I 200 bushels of wheat.
Our quotations show an advance in prices ot
from TO cents per bushel. The demand was
good, and all offerings were taken. The sales
were as follows: 800 at Sl63L, 900 at al 55 and
200 bushels at S1.61I. The wheat which sold
at S163k was prime.
CANAL NAyIGATION.-A letter received by
Capt. Masters, of the Borden Coal Mining Com
pany, from gentleman hundred miles up the
canal, reports recent heavy rains, and the writer
expresses the opinion that canal navigation will
remain uninterrupted for the rest of the present
season.
WILLIAM PALMER, Esq, Of Philadelphia, ar
rived on the steamer George H. Stout YESTERDAY,
with his family and household goods, intending
TO take up his residence in this city. He has
bought the fine property of VIM. s. Matthews,
at the corner of High and Road streets, and will
make il his future residence.
AQUATIC-The Coming Race Bet,ceea tie Wash
tngton and Potomac Boats Clubs.-The commit
tees OF the Washington and Potomac Boat
Clubs, charged with the duty of arranging the
preliminaries of the coming race between the
two Clubs, have fixed upon the 10th day OF Octo-
Der as the DAY for the contest, which will take
place ON the river opposite this city. 1t will be
a six-oared lap-streak gig race. ana the boats
used will be the Ariel by the Washington and
the Meteor by the Potomac Club.
The GEORGETOWN SCHUETZEN VERETN are
making ample arrangements for their closing
festival at Analostan Island on Monday and
Tuesday next. Workmen are busily engaged
erecting new shooting gallery and battery
which will be completed by Saturday. Tie
shooting prizes will be exhibited tomorrow in
the windows of Poe * Seligson's store, on Bridge
street.