The New York herald., 1871-11-23
ConstitutionalAmen and
Endorsements.
Taxation, the Tariff, Internal Revenue and the
Revival Of American Commerce.
II III L I'm ID A N - :.
Land Grabs and Other Jobs,
Big and Little.

The evidity with which certain class OF Con-
gressmen begin the work OF legislation 10 ilussraed
by the fact that at the first session OF the Forty'
second Congress no. fewer than 44o bis were intro-
duced into the House. and. except In fhe 1ew
instances where they were taken MP and passed, re-
ferred to committees which had no existence The
senate almost We'd with the House in tho tntroduc-
ton or bills. 10 Jobs OF different kinds andtng q
place on the calendar. The whole number OF bills
introduced during this short session OF three weeks
was 75s. Looking over the printed ales OF the two
Houses one IS impressed with the wonderful simi-
larily OF American legislation. Not only are many
OF the bills almost Identical in substance, not In
phraseologyseven arc for the repeal OF the income
tax-but The whole collection can be grouped in .
few striking divisions when m gnt be called
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF CONGRESS-
One would naturally suppose chat among 800 bills
ana joint resolutions, the diversity would be 50
great TO prevent anything like classification. and
yct national history includes only three distncl
classes OF legislation and tnese with their natural
subdivisions, give clear understanding OF every.
thing now before Congress They are as follows:-
FIrst-Provisions Affecting the organic Law and
tho political rights OF individuals.
l. Constitutional amendments.
The orEanization OF new States and Territories.
SeCOuQ-ProviSonS touching the questions Of tax
stIon industry aud commerce.
3 the revival Of American shipping ana ship
= Ocean telecrapny.
THIRD. PROVISIONS which come under the general
classification or 'J0bs.n
]. Land grabs for railroads and other PURPOSES,
2. The Indians.
3. Private bulls.
These can only be considered under the subdivi.
sions already indicated, the rst In order being the
proposed
CONSTITUTIONAL ANENDMENTs.
Some time ago the HERALD announced that the
ladies opposed TO woman's suffrage had an amend
ment for general divorce law, which was to take
che place OF the famous sixteenth amendment or
tho suffragiss. This Is not included In the consti-
tutional amendments before Congress, but there
b no lack OF sixteenth amendments for all that.
One OF these was introduced Into the House by Mr..
Potter, OF New York, and ia as fOllows:-
That the Congress shall make no law impalring
the obligations of contracts nor shall 1t hereafter
onaTter private corporations to carry on business
within the States
Another, which is also designated as the sixteenth
amendment, is in relation 10 the election anu ap.
pointment Of Officers and was offered In tho House
by Mr.. Coburn, Of Indiana 1t is as fo,lows:-
Congress- may by law vest tile election OF all officers
OF the United M States whose duties require taem 70
GERS Of the Courts o the United tsses II lie % psone
OF the several States districts and localities therein
IN which they are by law required TO perform their
duties, subject 10 the directions and regulations OF
the President OF the United States and the heads OF
departments, and TO arrest suspension, removal
w The resident or the Uclteu States.
The third and last or these sixteenth amendments
springs from the giant intellect Of Mr.. Garrett Da-
Wis, OF Kentucky, and provides for constitutional
tribunal, which IS TO open AMI count the votes OF
the electors OF President and Vice President OF the
vnited States and to take the place OF the Supreme
Court In the decision OF all questions OF conflict Of
Jurisdiction or power between the United States ana
the States, or any CT them; all questions OF the
stutionality Of bills passed BY Congress, Of acts
ofevery kind done and performed by any depart
ment or Olcer or other person. under the authority
Of the government OF the United States
THIS tribunal is to be composed OF ono member
rom each OF the States, but how they are TO be
chosen has not been vouchsafed US Dy the wisdom
Of Mr. Garrett Davis neither has that gentle.
man given us any idea what the Supreme Court is
TO do after nis tribunal has been established.
NEW STATES AND TERRITORIES
We are promised three new States and two new
Territories, exclusive OF the Territory OF St. DO.
mingo-a job which Is not dead, but sleepeth. For
the most important Of the new Ststes-the state Of
Utah-no bill has yet been introduced; but 1t Is gen.
orally understood ,nat the admission OF the Territory
into the Union State under the terms Indicated
BY Delegate Hooper through the HERALD some time
ago, will come up early In the session. The other
Territories seeking admission are Colorado and New
Mexico. In the latter case the title OF the bill now
before the House declares that the new State Is to
called the state or Lincoln, while In the Dill itself
It u designated as the State OF New Mexico Statcs
Of late years have been frequently added to that
galaxy OF stars OF which we hear SO much that he
must indeed be q sufficiently wise man TO know his
own father who can tell to certainty the number
Of States In the Union. Almost any one who is In.
vested with the blrthrgnt OF American citizenship
can remember when they counted only twenty.
seven, and now The number is thirty seven, with
chance Of being increased to forty before the end Of
the year.
Then there are 70 be the new Territories OF Penn.
blna and Oklahoma besides nobody knows how
many similar schemes before the session shall have
dragged its long length along TO . close. Mr.. Arm
strong, the delegate from Dakota, has bethought
himself OF the necessity Of Introducing "a bill 70
establish the Territory Of Pemoina and provide
temporary government therefor Pembins Is. or Is
10 be, . country on tho Red River Of the North to
extend from Minnesota TO Montana, and from the
tudc. The Pemblna business seems fair enough, and
the now 1errit0ral government II Is said 10 desired
ane peope % o. M Una. par, o. Dakota while she Red
they think II WIN give the United States an oppor.
tunty 70 slop over" into the British possessions,
Tho proposed new Territory OF Oklahoma VIII be
the Indian possessions between Kansas and Texas
elnmenta machinery for the assistance and gnid.
r.ss,on rnSs Of as nssve races and as The rba
fcihuou Hds Oeeu ALMOST OOuteratcd the
ordinary territorial form OF government
can be applied with profit TO this as
well rs the other Territories. Oklahoma is
70 nave Governor, TO be appointed py the Prest
dent In the customary way, and 70 be allowed
Delegate IN Congress and the other adIuDcts OF o
Terrltory. IL the sll passes we may soon see the
sIectaoie OF an Indian member taking as active
part in the speechmaking OF the House Is now
exnlbited Dy his white aud black brethren. There
u one little job in the bi but as II is specIousIy set
out that the proceeds OF the sales OF certain lands
to De nj the disposal OF the Secretary OF the In.
terlor Tor the education Of the tribe To which such
lands belong II Is 10 be hoped II win not grow into
very great abuse, Notwithstanding the TACT that
the Interior Department needs watching.
REMOVAL OF POLITICAL DISABILITIES.
Political disabilities under the fourteenth amend.
ent to the constitution IL one OF the principle sub
iects which engages the attention OF Southern
sstatesmen." Mr.. Beck, MI. Syphei, Mr.. Barry and
MT. Turner have each o Dlli before the House sweep
ing away political disabilities altogether. Mr.
6.evcns0ns bI which excepts members OF Con-