New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1871-04-15
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acres Some OF this increase IA no doubt due
accua'e returns The estimated population Is set down
at So9soeo so that there is something like per
head OF food-prOducing area In England and Wales
the population Is 20Ol6], and the under crops
2s,9j7035 acres In Scotland the population j. 3222 ST.
and the under crops 4i5O5H acres In oyerpopu-
lated Ireland the population is 552J2o and tie area
under crops l5G5257s. Tie Irish population must there
fore nearly treble itself before becomes dec a. the
English. IL over-pupulation that brough, on
the Irish famine While England sent indian meal to
ireland for the furnishing poor, the Irish England
III l8f1 no less than $4,000 head OF cattle 32l79 sheep
anu lOoAo Pigs. beside hams and bacon. But cattle aud
sheep for English butchers meat Is more profitable 10
tne landlords than Irish aud women ana those who
perIShed by FAMINE and others who were oycted and
ected nave been replaced b. the horned stock In En-
sa there were In 1870 out OF every under al
KINDS OF crops, 30 acres under corn crops and 81
acres under permanent pastures; IN Ireland,
10 acres under corn crops and a. ocyes nm
der permanent pastures. England has le heads
Ofcatte for every hundred land occupied ireland
"A heads Of cattle for every hundred acres oreped hut
fewer horses and sheep. The cultivation OF flax has de
creased in Ireland by 1000 acres but that OF the treach
erous root the potato has increased by 1900 acres-pre
sumpve evidence that in spite Of the abundance OF
beef the Irish poor st depending potatoes as the
staple OF their food However this change extends 70
England. Here. too. the OK, the COW, and the sheep
crowd the man, the woman, and tie child out, and
those who remain have to live food. The potato
cultivation has increased by 5000 The great
difference between the Irishman and the Englishman Is
the Irshman makes noise and the EnglishmaR turns
his back upon green fields. which ought to be his in
heritance with an angry and responding grow and de-
parts In three years. the number OF cattle has increased
10000 In Great Britain and $4,000 in Ireland. The land
under wheat crops has decreased by 2Ci0OO acres In
Great Britain and 5000 acres In Ireland, and yet We
pay at the rate OF s5OO0OOOo year for fossn grain
In the statistics for $50 valuable addition has been
made which, II in future supplemented by the number,
sexes ges OF the workpeope employed may furnish
important data for the social reorIner Al present. this
addition IL confined to amount OF the number aud size
Of holdings" II is inmated in the report that many
occupers are in possession of plurality ~ such hold
ngs" they therefore furnish no index az 10 the number
OF farmers In England the total number amounts to
399 Of which 2l3G26 or "a per cent do not exceed 20
acres In Wales the total is $685. OF which 2ls5 ~
per cent DO not exceed 20 In SCOTLAND, the total
'holdngs" number 19,cO] including over half that do
not exceed 20 acres.
In the older census the classifcations and den
nitions were very loose ana Imperfect AZ hrst aErcn
ure and mining were Jumped together as country pir
suits against town pursuits, then the families depending
agriculture were given ct Least ne Gunner OF men
engaged, then men, women aud children male ana ie,
male, indoor and outdoor In 1881 there were IN England
and Wales 3G63 occupiers. OF whom lClS, employed "a
bOrers, and $40 cultivated their Hte llhS WITHOUT
the help Of laborers There is, Therefore great dis
crepancy between the present number ~ hoding ahn
the Occupers, ~ years aud II il eNdrnt that
classified separate hodings" But While IN 1891 nc
small farmers who worked without aborers exceeded
I'm number those who employed lhOrcrs, tAe present ~
rcutura statistics give for the whole Of Great Britain
out Of a total number OF "h0ldings' a. 6zyliO, Only
ls6ll2 under five acres The proportion between large
and small farmers j. therefore reversed NNrrhg 10 t'
decenual returns ud That In l,5 the number
OF Occupers that employed no laborerS had dwindl"d
down to 81 $685. those who employed lBborers Lad de
creased 1880 Thus in 20 years the numb 0i farm
era decreased I3l 2l9. We're they divorced fiom or
welded TO- the s0l In 1881 there were 5gs6 outdoor
aburers above years Of IN 1854 there were hut
72ls39 In 1851 the average size Of farms was ~ acres
During the next years in certain districts great
10 l. stated In tie census or lHl
that in certain districts where there 552 farms un
der 100 each in 1851 there were only iO5L lOl ia
acres each In 1851, there only 2GGl IN 1St Thus
the work OF and reduction the
ple-aye the weltOdO-bccome respas-crs Oh the SOIL ~
their fathers
The distinction between occupers with lahorers and
occupers without abuIcrs has been abandoned since ol
but have since then real Classification Of agIlcul-
tura labOrers. In 1851 the number Of men, above 20
OF employed as DAY abOiers ia England and
Wales numbered $685. in s6l they numb red ,542 The
total number OF employ ed I'm agriculture M 1851 was
sl2t37; in lSG but 7sc CO., In the short space OF ten
years, and ten years of improvement aud prosperity,
53-57 ablebOdied Engishmen had been divorced from
their place or youngsters under 20 years al age
there 39 employ ed day laDJrer- ont doors m
ISL ana lOl sos servants Oh tie premises toR trr %
In lsil there ls,sj outdoors ana yis indoors
together 229l2 decrease OF 2i05 The women above %
years OF age employed IN agriculture numbered. 1871
outdoors 9s62 indoor farm servants, 4i40J; together
ST. In 1861 there were 5G2 outdoor, ana 1888 III
door together 50 cO5 decrease OF 22l0. III number ~
girl, under OF age indoor and outdoor. dlIuln
ished from 81 200 In 20,7l- IN 81. on the whole
then IN ten years 50,1sl human beinE, VINO De
pended agriculture for living turned ad To sven
the wdrd cities and make the ab0ds O ylee ao
IN more