Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1871-06-21

ter-how shall we do it at all, unless by
first consulting together upon the ways and
: means England now raises wheat in large
fields at the rate of 50 to 60 bushels to the
acre. Vermont averages II bushels, yet her
soil is better than that of England. Eng
: land buys our bones-we sell them, and
neglect our other means Of fertiliza ton
that is the reason why she goes ahead and
we fall behind.
Gov. Stewart presented some statistics
showing how Vermont has failed in keeping
up with the agricultural progress of the
f. time.
Dr. Hiram C. Cutting of Luncnburgh then
read the same paper that was read by him
at the Brandon meeting, on " Meteorology. "
4 After brief desultory discussion OF the
subject, the meeting adjourned until evening
EVENING.
A paper was read by Geo. F. Nutting,
ESQ, of Randolph, on The Management
of Farm Woodlands. >
Mr.. n. began by observing in regard to
our mountain woods that man had no occa-
sion TO interfere with the processes OF the
Creator farther than to protect them from
fires. As regards owand woods, 1t has
been the custom to fall them in the process
of clearing and to convert their ashes into
! potash. This practice Is now nearly obso-
iete Mr. n passed by these two classes
of woodland devoting his attention manly
to the smaller wOOdlots OF the farmers OF the
present time. The wood crop, unlike 9th
ers, grows slowly, and as consequence 1t
is neglected, not cared for, and its va.ue un-
derestimated. Few farmers really under
stand the due proportion that their wood
land ought to bear to their other land IN
order to supply adequately the calls for build
/ ing and fencing timber on the farm, togeth-
er with fuel Twenty to forty years viii
I exhaust the woOdlots on most of our farms
If the present draught upon them is main
/ tanned without efforts for their preservation
and restoration.
Few realize the longevity of our forest
trees. | recently felled a tree having 424
annual rings What a period of time, look
/ ING either backward or forward Now this
rs the time required TO bring our trees to a
/ hale maturity With what care ana CON
omy must such trees be used If we would do
our duty bv our wood and. How unwise to
let our cattle range and browse upon our
Young trees that must replace these old
monarchs What must W. 60 FIRST, fence
the wood lot. Second, cu5 cut the old and
decaving growth Third, ii wc must cut
the best trees, cut them In body, e. give
\ space to the Young growth. Fourth, plant
around the wood lot live fence of willow
or other quick growing " pod a. a protection.
Mr.. jameson expressed views tayurable
clearing all tillable lard, leaving only the
hillsdcS in wood. But waste should he
stopped. J he time Is now passed when rec6-
less waste should be couuteracted But the
preservation OF forests on tIllahle land Is not
farming at all. The trees must be remored
before farming is possible
Mr. j. =. Foster OF Passumpsie, urged the
evils of cutting Oft and clearing up the hill
sides The cleared land would never be of
equal value to the woodland As "a perpetual
source of increase. In this section the far
mers actually welcomed the importation OF
coal, for it relieved the draft upon their
woodots. The railroad Is extremely dcstrue-
tive OF the forest. calling not only Tor fuel,
but for tics, for material for ears, etc. Mr..
f advocated planting trees Oh ali the dcnud-
ed hull sides and pastures Twenty-Five
years ago set many naples on ms farm
which are now abundantly large for tapping.
Trees set fourteen years ago are now fourteen
inches through many would tap these, but
the others are pruparti3nAtely larger. Trees
ought 10 he planted not only for use but Tor
ornament, at every suitable point hen
- planted they become an invaluable herlt-
aye in the village and on the homestead
They have ciyilzinE and refining influence.
10 visitors they give evidence oi broad ideas
aud liberal culture.
GOV. Stewart spoke briefly of the climatic
influences OF forests y mere lHtJ are Cut
Oft droughts prevail. The amount OF evdp-
grafton from the LEAKAGE 'I trees Is perfectly
Incredible, until demoi >tratei 10y actual eN-
pertinent NJ N'Verner Thought t.''t t"e
dr0u2hts now So common in Vermont were .
iue u ior,s. dcnuLatiou. Clouds follow the
range of forests, and ~ around bare c1un-
Try Nature seems T. iei3i'tie "a man Tor
waste 81: this sort
Mr.. Jameson taen F.23 IiIer on arm
buildings, ana their i'ciaiiou % uNs ldhlry
Mr.. y. began by abiding % the miserable
dwellings, ~ the farm iahorers 81 EUROPE
and the south. Inc farmers u tie North
are Letter housed than tE'Se 81 any "ther
IaTt ui tHe "oTld-
Every iarmsr should nave good mousse
ana good barn. lttF locations should ne
well studied ih regard @ theW uses fI3ce
buildings Convenient 70 farm work, rather
than 10 the hish road Select dry, well
Iraiheu' airy !'a'e' with convenient Sl'SS
near i'[ G'I'tn' "Ftnd'd' "'"' t't. puma
thoroughly ana warm 50 that t1e hrtt 'i
hres In the aoase' aud animal heat IN the
o'TIS may he ee'I'm, D. lave warm 'r
at lcaS' i'c>' PROOF Se''"Es- Lcl one vhi1h-
"ey "e2'" III Tue 'ell,T ''ia' " 9,o' may III
emergency De placed there. p'n1le doors
as wei Is windows were recommended. Ven
tIation sh'uid ne Prpfiutd Ior' hut NOT De
"ec'ututal-
stock barns should De made t'sAt' esPee-
iaIly below. mere j. no greater economy
than seeing that the stalls, pens anu Ne-iIN
are warm enough not q irceze- Mr. D. al
yocated barn cellars for manure
fdrm houses ought y oe planned oy an
expert Tor convenience. comfort ana adapt
eane7s T. the NE ana WORK that gees on IN
them. Inc same - true OF barns ana stable.
Ir3N's'oh snouiu na made Tor the care 81
SICK "eaA ana young animals MOOT eeiiars