The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1871-06-12

end to this the answer is instantaneous:
What made the ratio of 219O in the seventh
census drop instantly on the beginning of
the eighth decade to 1896, or less than half?
What great convulsion changed the whole
life of the negro in 1860 to make him less
than one half as fecund as he had Heretofore
been? There was of course no such great
disturbance for the negro until 1865. Then
the change came; then was his whole life
altered; and from that time we are
to estimate the effect of emancipation
upon him. The case is analogous to that of a
man who is well from the first to the fteenth
of the month and pulled down by fever from
that to the thirtieth: his loss in flesh is not
the months work, but that number of days
only from the time the fever set in. no as
certain the effects of an anomaly we must
begin where the anomaly begins, and taking
up the negro population of the United States
from 1865, when its whole condition changed,
we find that population has not only made no
increase in the last five years, but has actu-
ally fallen off. Beyond this fact Mr.. Wal
kers report is not specially remarkable,
though, as we have heretofore mentioned,
Kansas exhibits the curious increase of its
negro population from 625 in 1860 to II, 10S
in 1870, and Kentucky and Virginia have
fewer blacks now than ten years ago-the
former having 222, 210 to 236, 167 in 1850;
and the latter $50, 321 against 54S, ,907. These
losses are explainable by the fact that during
the war many Kentucky negroes fled North,
and since the war the Virginia blacks have
dIfted freely into the better paid field of cot
ton culture in the far South.
IMMIGRATION AND ITS COURSE.
From the NJ Y. Times.
Everybody admits that we owe no incon-
siderable portion of our prosperity and rapid
,arot 70 ihn
rapid growth of the Pacific coast has been
remarkable, but the population of the States
west of the Sierras was drawn, for the most
part, from the older States. The West and
more especially the Northwestern States,
attest the value of immigration. During the
decade Just passed there was considerable
decrease in the number of arrivals. The
causes for this, both in this country and
Europe, now happily removed. At
the beginning of the decade our own war,
and in the last year of it the war in Europe,
operated against large immigration. Those
who have made the subject special study
predict that in the present decade the in
crease of population from foreign immigra-
tion will far surpass that of any former
period. Emigration from Ireland has reached
its maximum, and will, without doubt, show
in the next ten years, a considerable decline.
This will, however, be more thon counter
balanced by the increase from Germany, and
in addition the people of other countries
from which immigration has heretofore been
small, will be attracted to the United States
by the certainty of bettering their condition.
The immigration from Sweden and Norway
in the last decade is worthy Of attention as
illustrating how rapidly the increase will be
from any country soon as the superior ad-
vantages of the United States come to be
known. In the decade ending with the year
1860, immigration from Sweden and Norway
was but 20,931; in the decade ending with
the year 1870, it increased to liz, 799. This
| large immigration sought the Northwestern
| States, adding to the wealth, and aiding In
the rapid increase of population, which bids
| fair to give to this section preponderating
| influence in directing the affairs of the ma
| ton. r
The Southern States, relieved from the
| burden of slavery, are now seeking to develop
their resources by encouraging immigration.
| They have learned the secret of the success Of
the Northern and Western States, and are re-
| solved to profit by it. Lands are abundant
and cheap, and large portion of them capable
| of cultivation; the climate is desirable and the
| products varied water and timber are abun-
| dant, and the markets are easy of access
| Agents of different States are now in Europe
for the purpose of bringing the advantages of
| the country to the attention of intending im-
migrants. But as these agents represent a
|
the superior advantages South will not be i'm
plicitly believed. Large grants of land have
been made by the Government to certain
railroads, and these also have agents in Eu-
rope, but their representations are open to
the same objection as those made by agents
of the Southern States; and the immigrant,
while listening to each and comparing their
statements, will, as heretofore, rely on the
information contained in the letters of his
countrymen who have made homes for them
selves in the West
Our laws favor immigration, but the peo-
Pile of other countries require a knowledge
of them. Little care has hitherto been taken
to give the immigrant information with re-
gard to the resources of the different sections
of the country. The skilled workman knew
that he must remain in or near the large
cities and manufacturing towns, and the agri
cultural laborer, having small sum to invest
in land, or seeking employment, that he musi
ego West" The special report of Mr. Ed
ward Young, Chief of the Bureau of Stats
tics, just published, will afford the immigrant
all needful information. With infinite labor
large mass of statistics relative to the agri
cultural advantages of each State, and the
wages of labor, skilled and unskilled, il
different sections, has been collected and
arranged. 1t is indeed the immigrant
hand book, and will be found equally
valuable to the foreign immigrant and to the
citizens of the older States who contemplate
removing to a newer country. The price O.
land, Its nearness and accessibility to market
the kind Of produce and its market value, th'
, nature of soil, cost of stock, wages of skilled
, and unskilled labor, and many other valuable
data are given, which will enable the immi
grant to contrast the advantages offered by
, different sections, and to decide in advance o