The Daily state register. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1870-1872, 1871-05-20

affords a compensation in its clear
skies, balmy breezes, days never ex-
cessively hot, and nights always cool.
THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY.
Oregon has a population of about
10000, and overs an area of 95,274
square miles. Most of these people
are located in the valley of the vii
lamette, which extends southwark
from the Columbia river about 100
miles between the Coast Range and
the Cascade mountains. Though not
as extensive as the interior valley OF
California, it has the advantage of be
ing made everywhere available for
agricultural purposes. The fir timber
which covers the mountains extends
far nj into the valley, intersprcad oc-
caSiOnaliy with oaks. Lumber is
cheap and the farms are usually fenced
i'll small fields, which wiki the
orchards of apple and cherry trees,
give it something of II appearance of
some of the Older States. The earliest
settlers were mainly employees Of the
old Hudson Bay Company, who We're
followed by successive American i'm
~migrations from 1885 to 1910. These
awaited themselves of the liberal do
nation laws of Congress, offered As in
dUcements to settlers TO offset the
influence OF the English company.
Under these laws settlers were entitled
TO $40 acres. With the gradual settle
ment of the country these large farms
have become valuable and the old SET
tIers otter wealthy without any effort
on their part. These farms are o
being cut up into smaller tracts and
sold TO new settlers. and the wilder
lands, heretofore unoccupied, are be
ing rapidly located. This valley IN
braces about 5000 square miles. y
Portland editor recently stated is Iii
mansions to be about the area OF the
STATE of Connecticut. Uutl late Years
there was but little market for the
productions of the interior, and the
p~roverbial sluggi~hnesS of the prini
live Oregonian was perhaps due, in a
measure, TO this fact. There WAS but
little inducement for labor. The
railroad through the entire length Of
the valley. now completed 100 miles
south Of Portland. is changing the Old
order of things, and waking these an
Client Rip VAN Wrinkles from the SUM
herS of a quarter century.
PORTLAND AND THE CvIUNBIA EIVEH
The commercial center ofthis valley
is At Portland, 100 miles from the buoy
M the Columbia river bar, and at the
head .: navigation for ocean steamers.
There is something of grandeur i'll the
sight of one of those ocean steamships
slowly stemming the broad current Of
The majestic Columbia through those
"ContinuouS woods
Where rolls tn" Oregon. and hears
No sound save his OWL da>hinEs-'
The Columbia is one Of the granle>t
rivers of the world->econd only in
size 10 the Amazon. Fifty miles from
its mouth it carries a width Of from ,
to ) miles, and at II point broaIen~
into 9 miles.
Portland is on the west bank Of the
willamette, b miles from its junction
with the Columbia. This river is a
clear and beautiful stream, rapid and
deep, there being water enough in
front of Portland to float the Great
Eastern. 1t is said to be 80 feet wider
at this point than the length Of the
bridge at sacramento.
There is an air of thrift and enter
prise about Portland indicative of a
live people-of whom there are now
about 10000, including East Portland.
The advance in real estate in this city
during the past two years has been
remarkable, and still continues to the
great delight and profit of numerous
real estate agents. The location is
considered healthy, the climate mild
and salubrious, neither very hot in
Summer, cold in the Winter, while
its distance from the sea protects it
from the raw ocean winds. Its Win
ter temperature is similar to that Of
Sacramento. Every State has one city
the commercial emporium. What
San Franciscois to California, Portland
is to Oregon.
KALAMA AND THE NORTHERN PACIFIC
RAILROAD.
It will probably be two or three
years, at least, before California and
Oregon are united by railroad. 1t will
then bridge over the space Of about
400 milaS NOW y, yaIaf1 hv Stora both |