davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1871-12-27

low ngurc II s said that bot one OF the eight police
Justices IN the cty ever pfetens 70 pay over his neS
DIVIDED between the clerks and $40 justaces one
!9stcS hssps ,os:rs aSrss nisS y yasd os ::
Long Branch and 6aratdg, q and wear costly diar
monds A prisoner is yooked up. and one or the
steps up to the desk placing his right hand over his
mouth ~ sgn OF gecrecy, and says 10 the dgnided
Police Magistrate who siIs BY innocent as the lamb
Judge ] kip tx that man. can get $40 from
him.
p0iary commitment and we'il discharge him when
he pays tae nne. You 60 and nx h.n The ofi1cer
goes 70 the prisoner, gets his fne, and after fright
SO FOR himself Tue messenger At Jeiierson market
mentioned l0ld Seares) makes thousands OF dollars
every year out OF the poor prisoners VINO get MIN
er city prisons. cup Of cofDee and beefsteak
costs 81; sheet OF writing paper ana an envelope
ii IN 0nsd Sasss cs
o law 1rm with whom they ''do business" "A
prisoner, when locked up. is certain to get q dis
1 hire soe e. right snsstern the Justice c. and the
..shyst6r,n alter the victim 10 pucked invariably
divide the spoils. The other .shysters" who are
not In the "Ringn can never get Q ''case decided"
! But the greatest source Of revenue is from aban-
nsr ~ Inc Police arr in cousion with the
'.Gratzp who is favored bv the Police Justice. ss
The police captain IN the precinct where these
tuous tit and he makes .raid," as II is called on
some house OF nLfame, or on q number OF them, IN
nsy ere e g 9o nave
seized at dead Of night with their male companions,
dragged before Justice Of the peace who is in COL
rily after private interview In the JUSTICES pri-
vate room, the wOmen's names are given to the pa
pers and they are sent to the Island These are but
few Of the abuses OF the Police Courts OF the great
CITY of New York.
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
OCEAN STEAMERS
Port OF new YORK, DECEMBER ae, 1871.
CLEARED.

sseamship CuoA tBr Watson, Liverpool via Queenstown
steamship Leo. Dearborn, Savannah Murray, Ferris Z
Steamship Metropolis, OAs,ner, Wilmington, Nc-virsinia
steamship Co.
Co. ~
mond-Old dominion Gssamshp Co.
steanship Neptune. Baker. Boston-H Dimock.
Bark Waldo, Pressey, CAdia -Tuppcr Beae.
Ayres-J Norton, Jr 4 Cons
Bliss 4 Co.
Brig Josie, Pettgrew, Havaua--smp.on Olapp.
= schr Ernst Marie (Br), 0orman Port Prince %
Van Bokelen.
schr Mary d Leach, Atnns, Jacmel-B J wenbers.
schr East WIND, Dowler, 81 harc-Breu, Son 4 Co.
echr Canary, Hart Rappahannock W Loud 80.
Schr Taima Robinson, Bridgeport -Rsekeu Bro.
The New York herald., 1871-12-27

Meeting OF the Committee OF Seventy -nve.
The BrooAlyn Citizens Reform Association, or
Committee OF Seventy-nve, met las; evening AZ
their headquarters, Montague street. opposite the
Academy Of Music, for the purpose OF discussing the
proposed amendments to the charter. Mr.. Franklin
/ officated as secretary
Colonel II. T. DAVIS opened the proceedings with
ahe announcement that 1t had been sworn to in
Court that tins committee had sent SUB commit
zee to new York TO procure the removal
Of John Shandley 1.-THE Inspector Of Election
4 who 10 on trial for alleged ballot tox stuflEg
3m the Sixth ward from mis- position o. an
A.mploye OF the Merchants' Exchange News
R,sm. II was stated that no such action had been
taken ny the committee The charter question was
than taken up. and the section proposing TO make
the. .Aieermen the Supervisors OF the city was de-
bsset
as lC3wae not yet determined whether the city and
ccunSy are hereafter TO be loenticaL
MrVC. A. MARVIN also disapproved OF the propo
sitonAto maze the Boards Of Alder men ana super
Mr.. WBlvLocK moved. as an amendment that
there shonlc De Board OF Assistant Aldermen--one
a ssistsnt1 Aldermen together with the Aldermen
co. lstiLuteAyhe Board OF Supervisors.
was ffIARy w0rded 90 that the Board OF Alder.
mea shail CONSTITUTE the Board OF Supervisors, and
ip 10. Storm the clause was adopted.
t,es q, there Were, ne believed very many heavy
LEAKAGE. In tnat body, which should be menaed BY
N M RI1 HARDsps thought that II there we're only
nine Aide, men b be elected these ofilcials should
he men on n. ypacry and should be paid com mensn-
rateIy Tor the services. They woula be comDelled
20 devote ali tneir time 70 the duties Of alderman.
lie moved tnatN the Adermen constitute the Com
mIssIoners OF Ck miueM
Mr. MARSHA d I'd not think II possible to fnd nine
their once He dd not believe that the Legislature
would abolish the Board OF Charities, az Il was .
MT DaIccs remarked q that the city had more than
ninety per cent OF ih,' population raised ninety.
Ior the benefit OF the whol county He was iD favor
Of consolidation Of the CITY ana county govern
ments.
Colonel DAVIS was iniorlned that the county
towns were xous 10 come II ~ the city and 10 be
consolidated with VA. II was high time that the
committee did something for hre Legislature Will
meet ncxt and we are DtS careful thai BODY
will ADJOURN before charter ~, prepared by the
Reform Association.
Before tue adjournment the consmIttec recon-
sid red its previous action by rcsOiv,ug 10 elect
Twenty-Five Aldermen Instead oi nine,
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
Died.

LAwToN.-On Monday, December 2b. MARIA, wid-
ow OF John Lawton. in the 10th year OF her age.
The relatives and friends OF the family are re-
spectfully invited TO attend the iuneral from her
late residence, lao Houston street, on Wednesday,
December n, at Two O'Clock.
NO0NAN.-On Wednesday, December a. HANORAH
MORRISON, wife OF Michael Noonan native OF
C,oyne, county Cork, Ireland.
The friends or the FANNY, anG those OF her brother
Redmond, are respectfully invited 10 attend the 10
neral from her late residence 73 Eldridge street.
Thursday, at two O'Clock.
fFor other Deaths see Serexth Page
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
THE COMMITTEE OF SEVENTY AND TIE NEW
CITY CHARTER,

Al the meeting OF the Committee OF Seventy last
evening, William F. Havemeyer presiding, the fol-
lowing resolution was adopted
Resolved, That the incomplete draft Of city charter
which has appeared in newspapers hou the consent
and against the wishes OF this Committee and Its
Committee Legislation not considered either the
final oecs on OF the committee so far as goes or as
uding changes the portion of the charter already dis
cussed and which was printed for the convenience
Of members, them readily suggest
improvements
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
HELP THE BABIIs.

Novel and Interesting Spectacle at tho
Founding Asylum.
The little waifs who comprise almost the entire population
Of the New York Founding In Warrington square,
will have their Chrsmas tree tomorrow, when they will
give reception TO their friends om two to four O'Clock In
the afternoon Tho selected most appropriate being
Feast OF the Holy lnnocen The occasion will d
great interest," the little prang will the bless
and they been taught for the benefac
tors Of tins institution BY the good Sisters whose lives
devoted 10 them.
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
VIEWS OF TIE PAST.

DECEMBER a.
l669-Accident at the New Theatre Royal, Bristol,
England; Is persous crushed and trampled 70
Death In crowd.
1S64-Thc ST. Adams RAIDERS reCaptured and com.
mitted for trial.
1So2-tieneral Sherman's army, 10000 strong landed
at Cblckasaw Bayou TO attack VlcksbUrg.
lS34-ChQrles Lamb died.
The New York herald., 1871-12-27

M0rfno DtDWateFDs
BARK HuL3A (Nor) Norbere, from London Oct lb for
Philadelphia, with cargo Of chalk ashore 25h ON
Seven Nile Reach M, and VIII be a total loss.
BARN syDRsHAn, ashore at New Inlet, has gone 70
pieces and the balance Of cargo will be lost
BRIO MARY RosEvELr, ashore at seabrishL NJ, was
hove o6 shs beach ysserday AN By the Co. wrectIng
etaplct2n 81 Capt vaDum dess 70 return bis thanks
vessel and rescued ali hands The brig LEAKING some
but sustained no damage OF . serious nature.
BRIe VICTORIA, ashore Deal Beach, filed and will
be . total loss.
scBp ExoELsIon, Of Cold Spring. heretofore reported 10
sunk near the beacon nj the entrance Of Bdgcpo harbo
o. was raised by wreckine party eteamua and
towcd into Bridgeport barbor on the afternoon OF ins
Damase considerable, but the amount mot YET definitely
ascoraine1
Som N TAYLOR Gardner, from Pensacola Dec for
Galveston was wrecked the bar al the latter port 18th
inst ThoJ registered 1875 tons, built at aahington
NJ, In 1850 and hailed from Boston.
2 from Turks Island for orde With OF foremashsad
and mantopmsst split sails 10 In . gale 18th iDsL
SOM rRArofe CArTERLy, from Savannah for York,
fnl Of water towed up from CbIncoeague 10 Lewes
Del, 26sb INST, by steamer.
sL0op EnERALD, Of Brookhaven, from Now London for
New York. with cargo Of lumber had her mainboom
rod away In n gale.
aHEErooK, Dec l-Mr George Muir OF The City Of
Nakln arrived here to-day from New York reports ton
the bh s IN lat 81 10 NJ Ion "a ~ w. took the master
Luchha and crew. 10 in number and passenger from the
Indasa o. nd FOR ss,n port from Quebec The vessel was
cnons AZ gone voop opsaani forecasiis soYs
all the starboard eide Of ths deck gopc ye,y haev
funDna ~ the time
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
S HIPPIN NEW S :.

Almanac for New York rhis Day.
Sun rises. ...... % Moon rises. eve B21
Sun sets. ....... 4 80 High water. morn SO
OCEAN STEAMERS.
DATES OF DEPARTURE FROM NEW YORK FOR THE
MONTHS OF DECEMBER AND JANUARY.
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
BELOW.
via 81 Thomas lby pilot 6oai ksrs Nys, No A-p0''
SAILED.


eteamships Leo. Savannah Metropolis, Wilmington. NC;
Zodiac. Newbern, NC; Isaac Bell, Richmond, &c.
Wind ~ sunset NE, light
The New York herald., 1871-12-27
Passed Through He'll Gate,
BOUND SOUTH.

eteamsh,p NEPTUNE. Baker. New York for Boston.
Bark Lorenzo LuDt, New York for Dublin.
schr Nary Case, Wilmington. Del, for New Haven.
schr King, Bbveh, weehawken for New Haven.
schr Anson Brown, nnss R.sa6ethport for Bridgeport
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12
Churning.

The duration of churning. as is well
recognized in practice, is of great influ
ence on both the quality and quantity
of the butter. Half an hour, at least,
is considered essential by experienced
dairymen for churning, when the vol
ume of cream is considerable. and an
hour, or even more, is not thought too
much.
The object of churning is to bring the
fat globules of the cream or milk,
which, by standing a suitable time, have
become Invested of their envelopes, into
contact. so that they unite to CO.
herent mass. The gentler the motion
to which the cream is subjected, the
more slowly goes on the process Of
agglutnation, and the closer and finer
the union takes place By slow churn-
ing the butter leaves the churn in a
nearly finished condition, and requires
a comparatively small amount of work
ing to complete its preparation. On the
contrary, when butter Is made to come
in few minutes by violent agitation, as
in the strife for the repute of quick
work in case Of trials of new churns.
there is obtained, instead of good but
ter in dense and large clumps, doughy
mass, consisting of little balls of fat
mixed with buttermilk and cream, and
full OF air bubbles, which no skill in
working can convert into good butte.
While it is true that violent churning
will produce greater weight of so.
called butter, it is demonstrated by
chemical analysis that the milk or cream
thus treated does not yield so much OF
its fat as is obtained by slower and
and gentler agitation. The greater
weight of the product is due to the adj.
m ixture of buttermilk, which is retained
in the spongy mass.
The fact that churning must go or
for some time before any visible change
is effected in the cream, and that the
butter comes somewhat suddenly, il
due to the exceeding minuteness of the
fat giobules, of which myriads must
unite before they attain a size visible tc
the unaided eye.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12

lation and Swimming of the milk, in or
der to obtain all the cream that it can
be made to produce, and the watching
of the cream when put into jars, in or
der to seize the right moment when it
should be churned is avoided where the
whole milk is churned. In Ireland,
Holland and some parts of Scotland, 1T
is a very common practice to churn the
whole milk, especially in summer. But
such course of procedure, though 1t
may result in obtaining somewhat
larger yield Of butter, does 50 at the ex-
pense of its quality, and is not to be
recommended to first-class diaries,
where a reputation for producing very
superior article of butter made the price
90 much beyond what it would other
wise realize.
Butter made from whole milk, must
of necessity, contain more or less OF
casein, which increases its weight and
gives it a cheesy flavor that is by no
means pleasant, and besides, it will not
keep well even under the best manage
ment. Where the whole milk is
churned, it is usual to put the whole
mess of one milking together in one
large vessel, or vat, and as soon as 1t
turns in the least degree sour, to churn
it. Sometimes the mornings mess will
get sufficient degree of acidity as
soon as that of the night before. when
both may be churned together; but in
no case can new fresh milk be added,
except at loss. 1t is usual to get
milk up to a temperature of sixty-eight
to seventy degrees, even a little higher
sometimes
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12
An important Invention.

We copy the following from the Ham
monitor New Jersey Republican
One Of the greatest drawbacks 10 the
extensive cultivation of cotton in the
Southern States since.the war, has been,
and now is, the scarcity Of competent
help. AS much or more cotton is now
planted than before the war, but by
reason of the scarcity of hands, large
portion remained unpicked yearly and
was lost. Unless the cotton is picked
within forty-eight hours after it blows,
its value is greatly lessened and in
many instances rendered comparatively
worthless. If this difficulty were over
come there would be no lack of cotton
planters in every State. In the Janu-
AIRY agricultural Report" it is stated
that in some counties the cotton crop
remains in the field, and will remain
there, owing to the indisposition of the
laborers to gather it. In one county in
Texas, the crop last year was the best
known for ten years. yet twenty per
cent remains unpicked, most of which
will be lost.
From latest reports the annual yield
of cotton in the United States is about
O,OOU,UOO DdleS. n Ddle averages 1Ouf
hundred pounds, which gives 2,4OO,-
100000 pounds as the annual yield. 1t
is estimated that twenty per cent. of
this, or 49O,OO0,0O0 pounds, is lost,
which, valuing it at ten cents per pound
(which is below the real value), is worth
$4,SO0,090. This amount would be
saved yearly if the whole crop was
picked. 1t is strange that some inven-
tive Yankee has not before this las he
has done in other instances) placed in
the field machine to take the place of
cotton pickers. But as yet none have
done so. Mr.. Samuel Platt of this.
town, had his attention called to this
great want several months ago, and at
once began to work out the problem.
The result of several months study is a
machine which he is confident will meet
every requirement.
With it four hands with team. will
| pick to rows of cotton as rapidly as a
horse usually walks, doing the work of
! eight to twelve hands, according to the
experience of the operatives, and gath
ers the cotton in better condition than
is done by hand. It.is very simple in
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12
That Compost Heap.

We have often urged the Importance
Oh composing manures, chiefly to the
END OF increasing the quantity so that
by the greater division of the fertilizing
element contained in the droppings of
animals all the crops on the farm might
be benefited. If 100 loads of stable man
ure could be divided by, and mingled
with 100 loads of swamp mud or
other absorbents, it could be applied
to twice the extent of surface, with bet
ter results than if applied raw or uncom-
posted.
In report on the farm of William
Crozier, made before the American IN
stitute Farmers Club, it is stated that
when the present occupant took the
were made yearly. Now Mr.. Crozier
has for use this spring 5000 loads of
compost. The report says: Manure
making with this vigorous farmer is not
theory-an effort and wish merely-as
it is with thousands. He makes it.
There are immense banks of it standing
q fathom deep in the main stock yard
and looming above the burrows of all
the plowed fields. His compost pile is
not the winters accumulations thrown
into the yard from the stable doors and
windows to be hauled into the field in
April and May. Manure making, COM
posting, goes on the year round no day
of winter so frozen but it sees additions
to the piles of fertilizers no summer
morning without its round of chores
that svells the heap. Everything, he
says, must have mother. and manure
is the mother of all things. He keeps
an OK team and driver steadily at
work the year round hauling absorbents
and composing stuff. His task is five
loads before dinner and five loads after
dinner of leaves from the woodlands,
) muck, weeds and salt mud. His calcu-
lation is that the solid droppings of
cow or an OK amount to something like
ten loads in year, and that ten loads
ofmuck and leaves should be composted
with it. For manure making, he says
four sheep equal COW, horse equals
two cows, and two hogs equal a COW.
He does not believe in pasture land.
Young animals should have a small
range, and run in it an hour or two for
exercise but quarter of a mile a day
is all the walk milch COW needs. He
is thorough believer in cooking for all
farm animals in winter, and cutting
green food for them all summer.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12

to press without jogging the elbows of
our readers and pointing'them to some
needed improvements in the grounds
about their dwellings. Villagers and
farmers alike are interested in this work
of embellishing and identifying their
houses. No one can fully count the in
fiuence of beautiful farms and colcrs in
the outside world. A fine tree, smooth,
velvety lawn and a bed of roses, are
faithful teachers, and their silent intlu-
ence, on young and old, is sure, con-
slant, and always for the better. Cour-
age, patience, gentleness and purity,
these are the qualities they ever impart,
and impress them upon the minds of
the young. We trust that no argument
is needed to stir up our readers to the
work of planting and ornamenting their
yards and grounds. A day or two spent
in such labor, or an hour before break.
fast for a week or two will work won
ders
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12

How TO MILK.-The Rural american
says
1t is q fact that poor mixer will
spoil almost any COW, and there are but
few people who are aware of the fact
that in the mere process of milking a
great difference is made in the yield of
dairy COW. The ability to bring COW
to her largest yield of milk varies
greatly with different mixers, as many
persons who consider themselves good
mixers are in reality very poor ones.
Owing to the fact that large proper
ton of what a COW gives at milking is
secreted during the process of milking,
it must naturally follow that unless the
COW is in a quiet, contented state of
mind, and satisfied with the mixer, the
usual secretion of new supplies during
the milking will not take place. 1t is
generally owing to this cause that cows
oftentimes "hold up the milk" as it is
termed. and this cannot be obviated so
long as the cow is in restless state of
mind and dissatisfied with her mixer.
An exchange says that, six years ago,
Scotch dairywoman did most of the
milking of a herd of nine COWS. She
was the best and quickest mixer that
we ever knew. The COWS gave an un-
usually large quantity, and continued
their milk later than usual. The next
year, the same job was mainly done by
less skillful hands, and the result de-
monstrated that the loss was at least
ten, if not twenty, per cent.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12
About SPAWN.

The Michigan Farmer says: of we
examin the hook joints of those horses
which suffer with SPAWN, we always find
that the same are not the very best
shape and form; they either lack in
width, or length, or have the exact
angle reversely, we never find that a
horse becomes spawned whose hook
joints are really of a good and faultless
form and sufficient size; at least,
never saw one.
We all know that SPAWN is considered
to be hereditary in high degree. The
question is, why? Is it the disease it.
self, or is it by the formation of the
hook, that is transmitted by the sire or
the dam upon their offspring? One
thing is fact, namely, that nothing is
more naturally and more frequently
transferred upon the descendants, than
peculiarities in the shape from the size
of the different parts of the bodily
frame.
Whether SPAWN and similar diseases
are hereditary by being transmitted by a
peculiar condition of the blood-idio-
sycrasy-as some believe, Independent
of such peculiarities which rend II an
organ or part, for instance the hook
joints, weaker than it ought to be, is at
least very doubtful. In my opinion the
hereditary nature of SPAWN and kindred
diseases is amply explained, if we only
keep in mind that the narrow and small
joints as well as other bodily imperfec
tons are transmitted upon the offspring
and that such an i'll formed joint fire.
quently proves to be too weak for the
exertion and the burden assigned to it..
Hence it becomes diseased.
IF the hook joints are very weak, it
frequently happens that colt, even be-
fore it has been broken for work, gets
spawned when running idle in the pas
ture if these joints, however, are tole-
rably well formed, and not very weak,
it, in the most cases wants violent eX-
ercise, hard pulling, galloping under the
saddle, or leaping to produce SPAWN.
| am sure if we reject strictly all those
mares and horses for breeding whose
joints are not sufficiently strong and
well made, we soon shall have no more
cause to complain about SPAWN and SIM
liar diseases. Prevention Is better than
an uncertain cure
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12

ORcHARDs.-The best lands for or
chards Of apples or peaches, are rolling
and stony soil, possessing some clay,
though not enough to prevent good
natural drainage. Almost any dry soil,
however, will grow trees well, except
rich bottoms and these will produce
rapid growth, but it will be of a spongy
nature and will not endure sudden
changes of temperature, like that grown
on soils containing less vegetable matter
and more mineral.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-05-12

REMEDY FOR SADDLE GALLs.-In an
swer to a correspondent, Wilkes 'Spiri,
says: If the back is considerably
swollen, it should be we'll fomented for
at least half an hour, and then bathed
with lotion composed Of two drachms
of Goulards extract, one ounce of glyce-
rine, in half pint Of water. The sad
die should never be reapplied until the
sore is healed and the skin is free from
all inflammation, even if considerable
inconvenience is thereby suffered. The
best palliative we know of consists in
placing green cabbage leaf over the
bruised part, and keeping the saddle on
for an hour or two after work"