The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-01-31
The Eastern Question In Now shape.

u
in new shape tending towards complications
which may produce results Of character almost
as serious as those which preceded and resulted
from the Crlmean war; Prussia, however, taxing
the lead In influencing, II not directing, the move
Went In the present instance. Some OF the great
Powers Of Europe find 1t difficult to believe, at
this moment that the latest proceedings Of me Rou.
manlan government towards Turkey have not been
undertaken In obedience to Prussan Cabinet sug.
gestioD.
The principally OF Roumania, fostered and estab-
shed by the treaty-sgnng Powers OF 1855, initiates
Russia to certain extent and Is about to repudlato
the very instrument which gave her being. 1t Is
suggestive fact that her ruler, Prince Charles, IS
cadet OF the reigning house OF Prussia ana brother
of Prince Leopold, OF Hohenzollern, whose nomina-
ton to the crown OF Spain gave origin 10 the war
between France and Prussia.
PROVINCIAL POLITICS AND EASTERN AGITATION.
During the greater portion OF the year 1870 almost
to its close, the Christian provinces OF Turkey, the
Danubian Princpalities, and even Greece, remained
In state OF agitation In consequence OF Prince Gort
chakofrs circulars on the Eastern and Black Sea
navigation questions Their peoples appeared 10
long for opportunity to carry into execution plans
less hostile TO the integrity Of Turkey, and
threatening to the peace OF Austria and OF Europe
In Greece the fermentation had the abortive effect
Of Ministerial crisis. In Scrvia. Laka vukalovich
o South Slovenian caricature OF Garibaldi Issued
and distributed proclamati0ns in which he paro
died his Italian prototype. The Bulgarians demon
strated against the proposed Ecumenlcal Council OF
the Oriental Church. and seemed be contemplate
ing the accomplishment OF their emancipation from
ne Greek Episcopate. the Mo-, Montenegrns appeared
Roumania was, as she is to-day, discontented with
her restricted executive existence. and complained
OF treaties which placed the United Princlpalites In
a position more advantageous to their interests
end superior to that which they occupied in former
years. Although urging upon the attention OF the
projecting Powers his grievances, first memo
randum OF Prince Char.es specified neither any dc
certain quarters il was looked upon as the pre-.
cursor 10 diplomatic lnterlude, rearraEged with
ton at moment when a Congress of the
great Powers was about to assemble But what
R0umana aims at was read, between the lines as 1t
were by many Of the statesmen OF the Old World.
Roumana evidently wants such reverson OF her
present 'equivocal position' as VIII assure her
complete Independence and hberate her from the
ties which render her tributary TO the Porte. by
the Treaty Of Paris the Prlncpalites released
from the onerous protectorate OF Russia; they re-
ceved an increase OF lie ritory at the mouths OF the
Danube at Russias expense with the possession Of
one OF It's most important arms, the Sullna.
Besides this. provisions were made which rem
dered possible the subsequent union ana the
investIture OF hereditary prince under favorable
conditions. This may have suggested or maured
resolution TO submit the treaties relating to Moldo-
powers for the purpose OF having them sanctioned
anew at the time when Russia attempted breach
in the treaty OF Paris
The INDEPENDENCE of Roumana would affect the
interests OF Europe and especially those OF Austria
and hungary, ON account OF their contigulty even
more seriously than the abrogation Of the Black Sea
treaty What was conceded to Rslmanla could not
be denied to Servia, not to mention Bulgaria, Mon
tencgro and other similarly situated countries.
Austria In particular has most vital interest that
Roumania should be consolidated. ana should i'm
prove its thriving condition within the Limits as.
signed to IT py the treaty OF 1886.
PRINCE CHARLES OBJECT.
1t is credited very generally abroad that the pot
cal movement which Is now in progress In the Da
nuban Princpalltes, II Prince Charles is party to
IT, has no other purpose than the creation OF embar
easements Tor Europe The relation OF the Prnci.
pallties 10 the Suzeran In Constantlnsple Is such
that they have long since possessed practical indie
pendence. Prince Charles keeps the throne because
all sets Of politicians respect Prussia and most OF
them remember with gratitude the arguments In
favor Of the exercise OF complete citizen franchise
which employed to promote his election to a
power almost regal III It's authority.
IN BUCHAREST.
Political agitation prevails here Also but 1t Is
alleged that the ferment has been manulac-
tured by Prussian and Russian agents. and again
alleged that 1.-The government Of bucharest, OF
whatever men 1t may be composed. is always availa-
bic for disturbing purposes when Russia or Prussia
desire IT, and Is always ready enough OF itself to
create a disturbance In The East"
:. Its action Is carefully watched by the Ausrrc-
II, and who appear to know that It is employed
against them ny Prussia and by Russia.
Tney VIII appreciate the present position Of the
Eoumanian government In Vienna
Roumnnia IFS Soil and p oduction.
AT moment wnep the void IL threatened VITA
Rouimaniah or new Eastern question agitation a
glance at the country which promises to again
attract share OF public attention may be useful, A
humorous and observant tourist said "sir, If
Mr. Nautilus had travelled with his eyes open he
would not have concerned himself about the
are not peopled and the richest countries
are left to waste" Roumania. more familiar
to the ear of the public by the name
OF the Danubian Principalities presents an
Illustration Of The truth OF this remark. There we
have nearly $4,000 square miles OF well watered and
exceptionally fertile territory, with 100000 in-
haoiiants. The climate OF Waachla is not pleasant
for continual residence, because the neat In summer
is almost tropical and the cold Of winter IS semi
Arctic but the productiveness of the soil Is wonder
full. C'rn, maize nax and tobacco are grown In
abundance. with little toll. The magnificent and
extensive pastures sustain an immense number Of
horses cattle and sheep. The mineral resources Of
the country are by no means inconsiderab.c but
yet they are not developed.
The geographical situation OF R0umania Is highly
advantageous for commerce, and also gives her po
ltical importance. The condition OF the people IS
materially aud morally wretcned. At the date OF
the latest returns at hand there were about 5000
churches.
In Modavia there were 1000 regular, besides sec.
ular, priests. In Wallachla the number OF priests
was greater the number OF deacons was To- 00o ami
about the same number OF monks and nuns. Yet |
the people are sunk into the lowest depths OF igno.
rance.
Besides 5000 boyars there is host or inferior |
mobiles m WailacAia, ole out Of thirty persons Claim
ing nobility.
The struggle for Power in the Ea-i-The |
Cars, Bismarck and Napoleon the Third.
In the early years OF the present century Russia |
intrigued for influence In the Danubian Princpali- |
ties. In 1902 she extorted some valuable conces- |
sons from the Porte In 1922 Russia obliged Turkey |
to choose the nosuodars IRON the natives. and IN |