davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
How Rock Candy is Made.

Candy All candy is nothing but SUI
gar-only it is done differently, just the
same Us all printing is only types, but
they set them up in different ways.
Well, let us begin at the beginning. Let
us start with sugar, loaf or lump sugar,
good white sugar Of any sort. How are
we to make this sugar into candy, into
the many candies we see from lozenges,
drop, stick-candy, and all kinds, to rock
candy, so unlike all the rest? They are
all sugar, but how very different? We
must start somewhere. Let us take q
tea-cup half full of boiling water and
drop n lump of sugar into it. 1t dis
solves. Put in another lump, and
another; they dissolve. The sugar dis
appears, and the water becomes thick
We are making a syrup. We are getting
sugar in liquid state. What was hard
and white now has become liquid and
transparent-a great change truly. Now
keep on adding sugar as long as the wa
ter will dissolve any, and when no more
will be dissolved put the cup aside, in a
warm place, near the stove. Hang a
thread in the liquid, and look at 1t
every day. In day or two. or more,
can't tell you how soon, as that will
depend upon the relative amount of
sugar and water, you will find little bits
of clear sugar sticking to the thread
Let them alone for several days, still
keeping the cup in warm place, and
you will find the bits of sugar becoming
larger and Of more regular shape. Why,
it is rock-candyl Exactly so. This is
the way in which rock candy is made.
Just as much sugar as it will dissolve is
put in water usually in tub, and
threads are hung in the syrup, and the
whole put in a warm place. Gradually
the sugar leaves the water and gathers
upon the threads. Not in shapeless
mass, but all in beautiful crystals, more
nicely formed than you could possibly
make them, and as clear and transpal-
ent almost as glass. This, then, is the
way in which rock candy is made. Sugar
after it has been dissolved in water, is
allowed to deposit itself slowly and
quietly. The regular forms it takes are
called crystals, and the are always Of the
same shape, whether large or small and
are formed with as much care and beau
ty as if they were diamonds or other
precious stones. You will ask why they
form upon strings. Crystals always form
upon rough surface sooner than upon
smooth ones. | cannot tell you why,
any more than ] can tell why boys and
girls like candy.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28

The CoTToN CRoP.-The July returns
do not materially change the cotton
crop prospects reported in June. Severe
rain-storms have continued to obstruct
the cultivation and check the growth
in the states upon the gulf coast. The
states Of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alaba-
ma, and Florida average lower in condi-
ton than at the date Of the last report.
The Georgia and Texas averages remain
unchanged, and an improvement is indi.
Gated in the Carolinas, Tennessee and
Arkansas. While no estimates can, at
this early date, be made, his informa.
ton leads to the following conclusions
With a deduction of Ii per cent in
acreage, the continuance of the present
relatively low condition, and season
as long as that of 1870, there should be
gathered crop of 100000 bales, or
about as large as that of 1869; with a
season ofaverage length, 100000 bales
with early frost, and a very unfavorable
season for picking, 100000 bales. The
prevalence OF insects, with other unpro-
pitious circumstances, would probably
reduce the crop to 100000 bales, and
steady improvement Of the plant for 60
days. with the largest and most favora-
ble picking season. might carry the az
gregate up to 100000. This is presen-
ted as fair statement of the range of
probabilities, based upon extensive and
reliable d tta, and uninfiuenced by the
clamors Of spectators in cotton ex-
q happp
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
A Wonderful Musical Clock.

The venerable Il. ID. Munson, OF Will
liston, VT, (says New England paper),
has completed his wonderful musical
calendar clock. 1t is regarded rs a
wonderful production, and has attract
ed visitors from far and near. 1t is in
every detail the handiwork of an old
Vermont farmer, who has spent his
spare hours in working upon it for the
past eight years. He has produced an
eight-day clock, whose dial marks the
second, minute, hour, day Of the week,
day OF the month, month, and year a
thermometer rests againstits pendulum,
giving the state Of temperature the
ball Of the pendulum contains minia-
ture time-piece, which derives It's mo-
tive power solely from its vibrating
position, and keeps accurate time.
There is also a cylinder musical attach
ment, which may be set to play any one
of seven tunes at the end Of each hour.
In this last feature it can be so adjusted
and such was the intention of the
maker-as to play cold Hundred " at
the end Of each hour on SUNDAY. and
Old Folks at Home" "Swiss Waltz"
" Star-Spangled Banner" " Hail Column
bia," yankee Doodle" and "Sweet
Home" respectively, on each successive
day of the week The entire mechan-
ism is handsomely encased in black
walnut case, which measures ten feet
high, twenty inches wide, and ten
inches deep. The case is highly pol
ished, and its front bears the inscrip.
ton in raised letters, "Our Union For
ever" ~. s." Mr.. Munson is sixty
two years old, and quite feeble.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
Good Glue and Mucilage.


The best quality of mucilage in the
market is made by dissolving clear glue
in equal volumes of water and strong
vinegar, and adding one-fourth of an
equal volume of alcohol, and a small
quantity of a solution Of alum in water.
The action of the vinegar is due to
the acetic acid which it contains. This
prevents the glue from gelatinizing by
cooling but the same result may be ac-
complished by adding smaller quaint.
ty of nitric acid. Some Of the prepare
tons offered for sale are merely boiled
starch or flour, mixed with nitric acid
to prevent their gelatinizing. Gum
tragacanth possesses very great adhesive
properties, and is sometimes used in
hair-dressing, for the purpose of stiffen-
ing the hair. A preparation for the
hair, known as Bandoline, is nothing
but solution Of gum-tragacanth. Gum
arabic dissolved in water will not gela-
tinize from the influence of cold alone
but in order to prevent its decomposi-
ton or fermentation, acetic acid and
alcohol are added. The high price of
this gum prevents its being extensively
used in the preparation of mucilage
in fact, this article seldom contains any
gum. arabic whatever. All these prepar.
atoms, including the renowned Spauld.
ing's composition, are far inferior in
their sticking properties to the ordinary
solution Of glue in hot water, univer-
sally used by cabinet.makers and car
penters.
This preparation is not quite so con-
venient for general use, as it must be
applied hot. and the articles glued must
be tied or pressed together for some
time; but the satisfaction of doing o
better job ought to more than repay
the extra trouble.-Manetacturcr ana
Builder.
A DRUG clerk in Newark recently put
put prescription for q young lady
friend, of dose of castor oil. She in
nocently inquired how it could be taker
without tasting it. He promised to ex
plain to her, and in the meantime pro.
posed to drink q glass of soda water
with him. When they had finished, he
said
"My friend, you have taken your oil
and did not know it,"
Inc young lazy was nearly crazy, ano
cried,
ooh, dear, oh, dear it wasn't fol
myself wanted the oil, it was for my
mother
NEARLY two thousand young ladies o.
Berlin applied for the honorable posi-
ton of presenting the laurelwreatl
and delivering the ode of welcome to
the Emperor William upon his en-
trance into his capital. The young lady
who was finally intrusted with this task
Miss Blazer, was selected not only on
account of her great beauty, but also
because she had distinguished herself
during the war as a nurse in the hospl
tails. In accordance with an old-estab-
lished custom, the Emperor will here
after take care of the youns lady, and,
in case she should marry, give her a
dover of $1,000.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
NNEToN. the celebrated French su

NALEToN, the celebrated French sur
geon, relates the following anecdote; A
wounded Communist was brought to
him. After examining the mans inju-
ries, the doctor said To the Commun-
lists wife, who was standing by with a
very anxious face ooh, this is not
very serious. Your husband will be all
right again in three months" "Three
months - she cried in despair; /" that is
terrible; then he cannot be present at
the pillage of the city ~
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28

THE New York Mail says in regard to
the riot "All the talk about the inno-
cent and peaceful spectators is nonsense.
The police commissioners have at their
headquarters nearly 200 revolvers and
butcher knives taken from the 20 men
arrested during the riot. One Hibernian
had three immense pistols slowed away
in his pockets, and another had knife
a foot and half long concealed in his
coat sleeve. These arms were borne by
men in the crowd alongside the process
sion, and are sufficient proof that the
rioters were determined to kill as many
as they could"
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
How to Render Lightning Conductors
Safe

Lightning conductors, says the Seen
tic Am0 icaa, frequently have not as
good connection with the earth as
they should have. A lightning condue-
tor having its earth extremity partially
insulted, soon becomes charged if a
storm cloud passes over it, and then a
lateral discharge takes place; hence the
accidents which have frequently taken
place in buildings supposed to be ade-
quately protected. Sand and gravel,
brickwork and stone, are bad conductors
Of electricity, and if the rod has such a
base, and the surrounding earth be like
wise dry, itis practically insulated. The
difficulty of getting what telegraph ope-
rators call good earth is one that
should weigh with those putting up
lightning conductors. They should not
rest satisfied that all is secure unless
they can reach running stream of wa
ter, or else sink a considerable surface
Of copper plate till permanently damp
earth is reached.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
Foreign.

THE powder works of st. Maur, France,
exploded, on the l4th inst, with a success
sion of tremendous detonations, which shook
the entire city. The widest excitement
prevailed until the cause and locality of the
disaster became known. A large number Of
men, women and children were killed and
wounded. Many victims were buried under
the ruins. The firemen and military are at
work removing the rubbish to rescue them.
1.-The London Times makes the New York
riots the text for an article on the condition
of affairs in Ireland, in which it concludes
as fellows " If Irish feuds are as mplaca-
bic in America as in Ireland, and more san
culinary, Irishmen must ask themselves
whether the Irish nature is not more respon-
sible for the troubles of Ireland than mis-
rule" ..."Reports come from Nice of riotous
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28
A Carat.

What is a carat? The carat is an
imaginary weight that expresses the
fneness of gold, or the proportion of
pure gold in mass Of metal thus, an
ounce of gold is divided into twenty
four carats, and gold Of twenty-five
carats fine is gold of which twenty-five
parts out Of the four are pure, the other
two parts being silver, copper or other
metal. The weight Of four grains, used
by jewelers. in weighing precious stones
and pearls is sometimes called diamond
weight-the carat consisting of four
nominal grains, little lighter than
four grains troy, or seventy-four and
one.sixteenth carat grains being equal
to seventy-two grains troy. The term
or weight carat derives its name from a
bean, the fruit of an Abyssinian tree
called kuara. This bean, from the time
of its being gathered, varies very little
in its weight, and seems to have been,
from a very remote period, used as a
weight for gold in Africa. in India
also the bean is used as a weight for
gems and pearls.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1871-07-28

LovE.-Who is he in youth, or in
maturity, or even in old age, who does
not like to hear Of those sensibilities
which turn curled heads around at
church, and send wonderful eyebeams
across assemblies from one TO one, never
missing in the thickest crowd? The
keen strstist reckons by tens and hun
dreds the genial man is interested in
every slipper that comes into the assem-
bly,. The passion, alike everywhere,
creeps under the SHOWS of Scandinavia,
under the fires Of the equator, and
swims in the seas of Polynesia. Love is
as puislant a divinity in the Morse Edda
as Camadeva in the red vault India,
Eros in the Greek, or Cupid in the Latin
heaven. And what is especially true OF
love is that it Is a state OF extreme I'M
personality the lover has more
sense and finer senses than others; his
eye and ear are telegraphs he reads
omens on the flower, the cloud and
face, and form and gesture, and reads
them Alright. In his surpr Sc at the
sudden and entire understanding that
is between him and the loved person,
il occurs to him that they might some
how meet independent of time and
place. How delicious the belief that he
elude all guards, precautions, ceremo-
MES, means and delays, and mold in
slant and sempiternal communication.
In solitude, in Punishment, the hope
| returned, and the experiment was Gag
erly tried. The supernal powers seem
to take his part What was on his lips
to say is uttered by his friend. When
he went abroad, he met, by wonderful
casualties, the one person he sought. If
in his walk he CHANGED to look back his
friend was walking behind him. And
it has happened that the artist has of.
ten drawn in his pictures the face Of the
future wife he has not yet seen.-Emer-
son.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20

The Z. S. Senate has spent week over the
treaty of the Joint High Commission without
coming to any conclusion. The foreign
affairs committee, however, have reported in
favor of its ratification. and although Sumner
and few other senators insist ON some amend.
ments, the expectation is that the treaty will
be ratified as it is.-A good part of the time
OF the senate has been taken up during the
week in attempting to extort from the re-
porters of the New York Tribune an explsna.
nation as to how full copy of the treaty got
into that paper, when its contents were to be
kept rigidly secret. The reporters have thus
far stood with closed lips, preferring to go to
Jail rather than divulge.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20
HoME MATTERS


~FssSs ASACuhosssus
Tho e.carsion to Aurora, of the Baptists of
Ottawa, on Tharaday last. was quite an event
1t was not exactly an excursion exclusively of
Baptists, nor under the auspices of that society.
1t was gotten up by Ben. Powell, John E. Scott
and Mr.. Rialc, who are members of that church.
They secured an extra train from the River
branch of the c. B. & @. road of about five cars,
and put the tickets at about half fare. and in
vited such respectable citizens as might, could,
would or should go. About three hundred men,
women and children appeared at tho depot at s
o'clock in the morning. headed by Bach's cornet
band, and after getting comfortably seated in
the elegant cars furnished by the railroad COM
pany for the occasion, conductor Ben. Powell
gave tho signal, "All aboard" and the train left
The morning was most beautiful, clear and
bright, and the air pure, and every ones spirits
rose with joyous bound as the train emerged
from the town and reached the high prairies
with its broad views and fresh and invgorating
morning breeze. The cars sped along smoothly,
and without any accident, receiving accessions
of few persons at every station. At Dayton
the WOODEN mills were stopped and the employees
given holiday psrposely for the excursion !;
and here about SOpeople joined the Ottawa party
On arriving at Aurora the visitors were met
at the depot by NJ. Stolp and the leading Bap.
lists, and escorted about the city. All the OBJ
jeets Of interest were visted-such as the cele.
brated silver plate works, where Mr.. Rice paid
the Ottawa folks most polite and highly appre
eiatcd attention. Stolp's extensive wooden mills,
tho public schools and private residences. driv.
ing park. and the great ear shops, were all in.
terviewed. A dinner was served in the city
hall, and eroqust aud base ball on the green.
The party returned, reaching Ottawa at r.
n, delighted with their trip, and resolved at no
distant day to do it again.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20

SToRM.-The storm on Tuesday. which,
though accompanied with hail and consider
able wind did nc damage hereabouts, amour.
ted to tornado north ofus, and in places was
quite destructive. At Montgomery several
large buildings were unroofcd, some damage
was done at Aurora, and in the outskirts of
Chicago it tore down numerous houses, upset
several churches, and fatally injured several
persons while many others were severely hurt.
1t was everywhere accompanied with heavy
fall Of hail stones
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20
Town Subscriptions to the Stock Of the
O., O. & F. r. v. r. r.

The movement. set on foot by Supervisor
Lynch. Of this city, several weeks ago, to as
certain the rights and protect the interests OF
the counties, towns and cities along the line OF
the ottawa, Oswego & F. r. V. r. X. owning
stock IL that road. is likely to lead to lmpor-
tant results. The movement thus far has de-
veloped the fact that the managers OF the
road have paid very little attention to the laws
of this state relating to these city, town and
local subscriptions in aid OF railroads, and
consequently that most of their laundering
action may turn out wholly illegal and void.
For instance, the laws of this state require
that after a railroad company receiving such
city and township aid is organized, it is the
duty of the officers to notify the Governor of
the fact, who thcreupon appoints cne-fourth
of the directors of the company from the cities,
towns, &c, subscribing stock, the directors so
appointed to represent such stock. The officers
of the O., o. & F. r. V. r. r. never gave Gov
ernor Palmer any such notice, and per conse-
quence Ottawa, Dayton. Kendall county, &C.,
never had any director in the board to repre-
sent their stock.
In consequence Of this neglect, several I'M
portant questions arise. Can the cities, towns,
&c, whose rights have been thus illegally ig
nored, be compelled TO pay up their subscrip-
tions, or rather, TO redeem the bonds they
issued in payment Of their stock Z AS these
bonds are by this tine mostly in the hands of
innocent purchasers, the probabilities are that
the cities towns, &c, are legally bound to re-
deem them. But, secondly, can the act Of the
illegally constituted board OF directors in leas-
ing for 81 Years thus virtually selling the road
to the C. B. & Q Company, be held good IN
law? On that point, it is beloved there is
room for very grave doubt, and pretty de-
cided determination is expressed to bring the
question to II judicial determination.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20

FIRE AT UTICA.-On Saturday night last, or,
rather, Sunday morning at o'clock, the barn on
the premises of Hon. James Clark, of Utica, va,
discovered to be on fire, aud in short time it,
together with its contents, burned down. 1t was
located only so feet from Mr.. Cl.rk's elegant
residence, which was saved only with the great.
est difficulty.
The barn contained two very fine carriages,
each valued AT about $500, and lot of various
kinds of agricultural tools. The loss was about
$4,000. No insurance.
As no fire had been nearer than so feet Of tho
barn at any time within many months, the fire
was doubtless the work Of an in,endiary, but for
what object is not known.
Much credit is due to the two young ladies
who were alone in Mr.. Clark's house ut the time,
i" the discovery Of the fire, and in the heroic
manner they give the alarm and assisted in say.
ing the house. Mr.. and Mrs. Clark were absent
from home ut the time.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20

The Henry lll.) Republican,, though one of
the most pestifcrously radical papers in the
state, is yet generous enough to do Justice To-
y 'tical opponent as cmlncntly deserving
ns the subject vt the notice below The
editor is one of the officers Of the house. and
therefore in II good position to enable him to
judge correctly:
The republican county Of ia Sale thonxn
showing much unpardonabc "cusschness in
scndlng democratic delegation to the Assem-.
bly,, Is. nevertheless, entitled to few counts
oil on account Of the character of the men she
sent: and IL would take II little finer point
than can make, radical though am. not to
regard u. W. Armstrong AS one Of the clever
est at men. the taithiulest ct Representatives,
and good. whnl"soucd, square man. He
vas iavoritr with the reporters, and we all
listened with "heads up" when Armstrong
got the floor, and If We couldn't always tell
Just now he would start, or what he would
say daring his speech, we knew very well
when he ended, for "rhat's all. Mr.. Speaker"
was ever the closing sentence. were the speech
long or short
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20

WE notice the arrival Of r. f. GooDELL,
Esq, of Springfield, from Europe. His host
OF friends in this state will gladly welcome
his return. He stopping at the fremont
Chicago 1imes 18TH.
That is undoubtedly true, and with his "host
offriends" we beg to be counted in. We should
judge however, that among all OF them the
Springfield people would be most rejolced at
his opportune return just as the legislature is
about to meet in extra session. Few men, we
imagine, have for years exercised greater in
luence over the legislation of this state than
Mr.. Goodel, and our candid belief is, that if
he had been in Springfield last winter, the
river improvement, the penitentary, and a
good many other public measures would not
have been left in their present fix. We are
also very firmly Of the impression, that If the
people Of Sangamon county mad sense enough
to elect such men to the legislature they would
have good deal less trouble and vexation
about the state house and their local interests
generally.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20

FRANCE.-The indications last week that
the reign of the mob in the city of Paris was
rapidly approaching an end are borne out by
the news of :he present week. The Versailles
forces not only occupy Fort Issy, but have al
SO taken Waivers, and have advanced their
parallel within 100 rods of the ramparts ofthe
city. Every attempted sortie Of the lnsur.
gents during the week has been repulscd with
heavy slaughter, and their soldiers are so dis
heartened and dispirited, that companies of
women have been organized, armed and
placed upon the ramparts. 1t is believed the
city viii be taken within the coming week
In their dying hours, however, the COM
munsts have found time to crown their infamy
by signal act of Vandalism The famous
column Nendomc which was crowned bv a
statute Of Napoleen has been rascd to the
ground, amid the frantic shouts of the crazed
mob
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1871-05-20
Public school Picnic.

Last week the teachers of the public schools
in this city had meeting to talk about getting
up picnic for tho children, and after an 81 in.
formal discussion, Mr.. Clark as chairman, it
was voted that picnic be had, and the board
of education pstitisned to allow Friday, May
26th, to be set for that occasion. The principals
of the several schools constitute the committee
of arrangements. Two meetings have been
held, and the programme is being perfected as
rapidly as possible.
Hits grove, in South Ottawa, is TO be the
place whore the picnic dinner will be eaten.
The city brass baud have generously offered
free music