New-York tribune., 1871-08-25

be added may ne prcporonate and regular The vessel
in FORM with upper part OF the neck
hood bent over and provided with clrouT oriDce TOT
charging This oriffOe, mouth" Ia commonly MADE
Of plates OF wroughtiron riveed together there being
four sections counting the hood Joined ny boS, ink
Ing the inside diameter by ~ feet for medium-szed
converter Castron cOnverters have lately been used
with some SUCCESS, but are liable 10 crack from the ~
tense heat The interior lining OF refractory
Nearly opposite the mouth at tho other emo OF e con-
yeTter are 10 tuyer brick each perforated Win
These tuyeres are connected with blowing e1glhq e1gP
through common air reservoir and the supply o. D3t
may be increased or diminished Mt pleasure Iho WHOM
~ a. mounted on truniOns, and permits OF rotation
used Iusm 1 vertical piane hydraulic achnJp & noc ar
pInei OUT after six to eight heats, when they are re-
catss sr plces being immediately hlled VIII nun
aUoo PIeNlously dried. The interior lining OF Jhe con-
WIN Dear from 40 10 200 heats before remOVd Is
The converter having had the proper amount Of fuel
added raised to an elevated temperature by of
(Which has not combined with tho oxygen of the air.
ana Is turned back ogan half way and CHARGE of about
1900 pounds l. run in az the mouth The converter "a
now rGvOyed back into its original position blast Of
% pounds per square inch having previously been turned
The oxidation of the silicon begins mnedatey but
IL not attended with much iame aud t IL not until about
five minutes that the gaphte oarbons enters rapidly
into combination. The heat Is ntense-abou 5000 FIR
and produces IA dazzling flame, reaching beyond the
mouth OF the converter The blowing having occupe ed
and bnllancy and here the process must be stopped
short for all the carbon has entered into combination
with oxygen and naught remains but the ron which
readily susceptible OF oxidation and would be rapidly
destroyed by burning.
1t is "blOwed" and charge OF Spegeleisen ia
in-say to u per Ccnt-wch Is followed by "a violent
ebuitOn. seconds having elapsed, the whole
IA into ladle the fusDle Stag allowing itself to be
separated from the Steel being much less liquid From
the ladies' the molten steel passes into CastirOn mOds
from which, when cooled, IL is removed as lngOts.
short rebeat necessary before the steel be passed
through the rolls placed under the hammer Thus
our blooms" obtained, from which rs manufactured
rails aXes bOcrpates. beams glrders, ard thousand
other kinds Of machinery
This rapid and comparatively cheap method Of making
steel promises to work great revolution IN the iron ana
II suitable American can DO had In quantity steel
will cost no more ten years from to-day than cdstuOn
now. Mr. Bessemer patented in England tFcD II,
1850 certain for making steel and NOy
of the same year obtained United States patent for tho
81 me process Mr.. Kelly of Kentucky applied for a
patent the 9Th of the month"; but dld not feach
Washington until the l3th- lust two days too late HIS
process was invented before Mr. Bessemers de
Clded and his patent issued June %, 1851 since that
time he has realized the profits that he would, ad
his patent dated back TO period prior To tnIt OF MT
Bessemers Much is due 20 Mr.. Kelly for his valu-
able researches than the advocates Of the BCssemer
Process willing to admit. and that he has not been
properly rewarded ia plain. An extension OF his patent
was therefore no than JUST and Is but small re-
turn for his ard IOus and unrcmltting toll. j. H. VI.
hcW- York, Aus. 10, 1871.
[The above is interesting and doubtless sub
stantaly accurate, so far as it goes but great
improvements have been and are being effected
by our c0untrymcn in Steel-making with
which neither Bessemer nor Kelly ever had
part or lot.-Ed. Trib.l