davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
WARREN RETAIL r
Cleveland wholesale Market.

MONDAY, Aug. z, 1871.
FLoUR-Market is quiet and unchang-
ed, but a shade irmer in tone. We
quote:
City-made xxx white IS 25@s so ;
Xxx amber 81 O0@7 Is; Xxx red Nc l
So 5O@6 IS; X red No 2 So 25@6 so;
Spring Xxx 50 50@6 rs. Rye Flour& so.
MILL FEED-There is a steady de-
mand and light supply, and the market
is firm at $40 for Shorts, So tor Coarse
Middlings, S25 for Second Fine, 80 for
Fine.
WHEAr-Market firm and 2a3c higher.
with a fair demand. Sales 1 car No. 1
red before dispatches, ats q from store;
after dispatches 5000 bu ands cars Nc. I
red from store at Sl,22; Sears do at %;
closed firm.
CoRN-Market quiet and steady sales
2 cars high mixed at SIC from store; low
mix I SIC ; ears on track SIC.
OAl Market inactive, but firm at 40c
for neN. No. 1 nom store.
RYE-Without movement; No. 2held
at 60c from store.
BARLEY-The market Is dull and
nominal.
LARD-Steady, and in fair movement.
City rendered in tierees I04c; do in kegs
103c; country rendered dull at loo.
BEEF-Steady, and demand moderate.
Extra Mess $500.
BUrTER-The market is Quiet and
without change. Prime to strickly
choice Western Reserve 1S@20c grades
below choice range at l0@l5c
CHEEsE-Market dull and heavy I;
prime Western Reserve factory quoted
at s@sIc in iobbing lots; s@Sle in a
small way.
EeGs-In large supply and quiet at II
@15c for fresh in barrels and baskets.
SEEDs-Timothy is in fair demand at
$3.50 per bushel; Glover nominally $3.50
per bushel; Flaxseed s1,70 per bushel.
PoTAToEs-The supply is in excess OF
the demand, and the market Is weak.
Prime Peachblows selling at 60@65c per
bu from store.
ONIoNs-In good demand and market
firm at S3,0O@S,25 per barrel.
DRIED APPLES : Very quiet at 1000
for fair to choice fruit.
BEAEs-The market is quiet; held at
S2,OOa2,25 for choice hand picked; COM
mon to medium 81 ,50a1 IS.
PEAs-Quiet and steady demand
moderatei held at S1,25@1,50; Ever
greens s1,S5@2,OO.
VINEaAR-Pure Cider Vinegar in good
demand and firm at 1sa20c, packages in
Guided.
FEATHERs-Demand fair and market
steady at 50@95c, according to quality.
WHITE LIAE-In fair demand at $3.50
p barrel.
WATER LIME-Demand good and
market unchanged and steady. Oswego
and Akron S1.70a1.75. Louisville Cement
$500.
PLAsTER-Land Plaster in good de-
mand and selling at a range of SS.5Oa9.50
per ton Cslcined Plaster ranges at $3.50
a3.O0 per barrel.
S~ALT-There is a fair demand sos 2
barrel for Fine; S2,15 for Coarse
Leader.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Wool Market.

PHILADELPHIA, August 6.-The mar
ket continues firm, but there is less dis
position on the part OF the manufactur-
ers to operate. The medium grades OF
fleece are in fair request, but fine are
not attracting much attention. The cur-
rent quotations, according to A. Whill-
denis circular, ire: Tub, ordinary,
good and choice, 70a77c; N and
quarter fleece, 56a59c; three-eights and
half blood 5Sa62c; three-quarter blood
5Sa6oc; fine Xxx, picklock 6Sa65c; western
woods, washed, 65a70c; do unwashed Ara
SOC; unwashed, coarse and medium Asa
47c; do fine, 4Oa4Sc: pulled woods, No. 1
and super, 5Sa60c; do merino, long, 5Sa
Coo; do merino, long, 5Sa6Oc; lambs,
pulled. 56a5S; short marino, pulled, 4Oa
43c; Texas unwashed, carpet, 32aS5c; do
clothing 4Oa4Sc. NORTH american.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09


The recently reported earthquakes
give to the theories of Prof. Mohr, of
the University of Bonn, published a
few years ago, a renewed interest.
Unable to receive the popular theory
that the earth was once a melted mass,
because the ~silicates found in many OF
the olden rocks, if once melted, pos
sess certain chemical and physical
properties which they never after
lose, and which do not distinguish
them in nature in their crystalline
form, he supposes that the interior of
the earth is similar to its surface, ex-
cept that it is more Thoroughly satura-
ted with water. The mountains, he
says, are continually growing from
beneath, the inorganic matter in the
water slowly crystalizing and pushing
the range upward. Sometimes, ac-
cording to Prof. Mohr, the water dis
solves away the earth, making a cave
miles, perhaps, in extent /: the roof of
this not being strong enough tc up
hold the mass Of earth above gives
away, and this causes one Of those
great commissions which we call earth
quakes. The friction caused by this
falling produces heat enough to melt
the rocks and convert the water into
steam, and this accounts for the vol
canic phenomena which generally
attends earthquakes. The Professor
thinks that his theory is sustained by
the fact that earthquakes move in
coneentric and ever increasing circles,
and also because the water of the sea
on such occasions has been seen to re-
cede, flowing toward the center of
the CONFUSION and then return, over
flowing the highest marks.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
CANroN. OHIo. Aug. 4. Isl


EDITOR CHRoNICLE:-In the last num-
Der of your paper, We noticed the name
of Capt. p. G. RICE, of Greene, annOunc-
ed as candidate for Auditor of Trumbull
County, Subject" &c. The writer has
known Capt. Rice from boyhood, and
can say that he is well qualified for, and
well deserves the Office to which ne as
pires. He was born in, and has always
been a resident of Trumbul Co., o.
In 1861, a young man with wife and chill
dren around him, he considered his
country's claims stronger than family
ties, and enlisted in the Second Ohio
Cavalry. After nine months service he
was discharged on account Of sickness.
Some three months afterwards, his
health having improved, he enlisted as a
private in the 125th Regiment, (Col. OPP
dyke's,l and served faithfully with that
distinguished regiment until the close of
the war. Rising from q '.private," he
was mustered outas Captain Of Company
D. having served almost tour years in
the army. Capt. Rice's record as a soldier
and citizen is good. a man ofedueation,
acquired by his own e~xertiOns Of clear
understanding and sound judgement;
and deserves we'll of the people Of Trum-
bull County. His interests nave alwaYa
been identified with thoseof the county,
and as he has been a good citizen and
faithful soldier, we do not doubt he
would makes an efficient and capable
public officer. A. d. B.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

: From the Buckeye Stnte we learn
that, son Friday last an old gentle
man who was on his way to Fort
Wayne, Ind, walked or fell off the
morning express train neal Leetonia.
The train was Immediately stopped,
and the unfortunate man placed on
board and taken to Alliance where
medical assistance was procured. Ev-
cry possible attention was there shown
him, but he remained insensible, and
died on Saturday. Not receiving any
returns from dispatches sent to Fort
Wayne, the body Of the unknown
man was buried on Sunday. Tues
day morning two daughters from
Pittsburgh, and some relatives from
Fort Wayne, arrived and had the
body disterred and taken to Pitts
burgh. The deceased was about sew
enty-twO years of age, and his name
was B. Perry. We learn that he had
been drinking very hard for several
days previous to leaving Pittsburgh,
which probably accounts for the acct
dent.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09


EDITOR CHRoNICLE:- Our farmers
who seemed to wear rather a sober face
during the early part of the season, a.
they gather in their harvest, are looking
cheerful and happy. Wheat, fair. Hay
and oats far beyond their early expecta'
tions. Potatoes splendid. Como,
what corn we have no words in our vo-
cabulary to describe IL; we give up in
despair, and merely say, it is most ex-
cellent. The monument erected TO the
honor Of Capt. Dwight Kee, was dedi-
icated in Masonic order on the ID inst.
Not being in sympathy with the inst.tu-
ton we did not attend. but have been re-
liably informed by those in attendance,
that WITH the exception Of a slight mis-
take in the commencement, it was quite
a nice affair. The address Of Rev. C.
Shipman is spoken of as able and appro-
PIRATE. We notice in the CHRONICLE
that the,name of Capt. c. Rice, of Greene,
is brought forward as a suitable per-
son for County Auditor. Without his
knowledge we would say that we think
it a move in the right direction. His
thorough business habits, his education,
energy and strict integrity, eminently
him for the position. VIII
the proprietors Of the Cold Spring cheese
please to accept our kindest
fora very liberal present Of most
superb cheese. d. R. h.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

There is considerable excitement in
Athens county, Ohio, from the appear
nee Of a drove of veritable American
cougers, orpanthers, whose depredations
among chicken roOsts, and pig pens has
been alarming. The people believe
them to be the pure cat" as they have
been e at different times. They are
supposed to have come from the noun
tains ofWest Virginia, from where they
were driven by hunger.
The annual session Of the Trumbun
County Teachers Institute, will-cOm-
mence in this city, on Monday next
Professor John Ogden, Author Of a
work on the theoryand practice 0 fteach-
ing, and Professor q. T. Curtin, both ex-
perienced Institute men, will teach and
lecture. The Institute fundnow amounts
to five hundred dollars, and if teachers,
school officers, and the friends Of educa-
ton, generally, do their duty, this ses-
sion of the Institute will be attended
with excellent results. Evening lectures
may be expected and all are invited.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Attempted Suicide.

The Niles Independent says: A
young girl of seventeen years, whose
home has been with her parents in East
Niles, was found on Tuesday evening,
at about nine O'Clock, lying face down
in Mosquito creek, a5short distance be-
low the dam, evidently making per-
sistent effort TO accomplish self-destruc-
ton by burying herhead and face in the
shallow water She was first discovered
by Mr.. VIM. Reiter, and when assistance
reached her had so nearly accomplished
her purpose that she had to be carried
home, where she is still confined TO her
room under medical treatment, but not
in any danger from the results OF her
rash act. p
I From facts subsequently made known,
it appears that the girl, who has hither-
to sustained a good reputation and en-
joyed the fullest confidence Of her
friends, had been keeping company for
some time with a young man, son Of
near neighbor, whom, under a promise
of marriage, she had "loved not wisely
but too WELL" The impending results
preyed upon her mind and brought on
physical illness, resulting in bringing to
her friends a knowledge Of her condi-
ton. From this time it was evident that
she contemplated suicide. Previous to
her attempts at sel fdestruction by drown
ing, she had made efforts to obtain
strychnine OF some neighbors, under the
pretence Of using it to poison rats. Fail
ing in this, the water was her next re-
sort.
The water in the creek where she was
found was not more than five or six
inches in depth, and her object could
only be accomplished by lying upon her
face, in which position she was first
seen, with her head covered by her
shawl.
On Wednesday an affidavit was fled
before Justice Kerr, and a warrant issued
for the arrest of the young man, too late,
however, to make the arrest before he
had taken alarm and made his escape.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Butter and Cheese Markets,

NEW YORK, Aug. 7.-Butter steady
at 13a20c for western and 15a30c for state.
Cheese quiet at 7a10lc. ,
CINCINNATI, Aug. 7.-Butter scarce
and firm at I7s2Oc. Cheese not quoted.
PITTsBURG, July 15-BUTTER-We are
reported sales prime TO choice at 17alSc
2 n some extra choice lots have been
sold at zoe; common 13a14c; grease but
ter sa9c. CHEEsE.-Prices are a shade
lower, and the market closed at the fol-
lowing figures: Ohio Goshen 94al0c
Factory sa9c; Dairy Ease 2 h.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

THE CARIsTIAN WEEKLY.-We COM
mend to our readers earnest attention
Rev. DR.. Cuyler's temperance appeal in
the illustrated OTiStiaR Weekly Of this
week. 1t is entitled, "over the Falls"
and is illustrated with a full-page view
Of the Falls OF Niagara, beautifully de-
signed and printed. Other illustrated
articles are, on the "City of Jericho;' p
the "Velocity of Light y 'Help Want
ed" showing the need Of every young
Christian for human help; the "Grain
Fleet Of the Hudson River River - and
the "Lost Sheep Found" besides nu-
merous general articles. For sale by
the ~newsdealers at only five cents per
cOpy.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

Alta meeting of the Valley Iron Com
pahy, held in the parlor Of the First
National Bank, Youngstown, on Tues
day, oflast week, the following gentle
men were elected directors: VIM. s.
Parmlee, VIM. J. Hitchcock, Charles D.
Arms, Caleb B. Wick, Charles McGavin,
Henry K. Wick, Augustus Hine. The
Board Of Directors then organized by
electing Caleb B. Wick, President, VIM.
J. Hitchcock, Vice President, Myron c.
Wick, Treasurer. Ralph J. Wick, Score
tary. The Board viii commence opera
tons Immediately for the construction
Of their rolling mill.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Pittsburgh Live Stock Market.

RIAL aug " AOfAt
Cattle.-The market was no better 50
far as prices ware concerned than last
week, although trade was more active
aud sales made without much trouble.
The market closes with a better feeling,
and unless the receipts are very heavy
the coming week, prices viii rule more
firm and steady than for some time. The
following are the rates ruling to-day :
Extra, 100 to 1,5OO ms steers, S. 50
good to prime, LOO to LOO, S,00a5 Is
common to medium, 1000 to LOO, 81 75a
4 90; bulls, stays and cows, 500 to 100,
s. 75a4 90; stock steers, 800 to 1000,
s. 50a4 90; Texas steers, IS OOa3 Is.
Hogs.-Trade slow and dull, and 10
cars remain over Vnsold, The following
are the current rates: Extra, Rhiladel.
phia, d Is; good TO prime PHILADELPHIA
'6Oa4 7oi good to prime New York,
81 40a4 50.
Sheep.-The following are the ruling
quotations for the different kinds and
grades as bought and sold on this mar
ket: Extra, % TO 100 ms, IS 12a5 25;
good to prime, So to 90fbs., 81 75a5 90; de-
cent to fair, IS to 50 ms, 81 OOa5 90; mean
10 common, 20 to IS Ds., $S25a3 so ; foot
rot and scalawag, by the head, $lOi
lambs, s. 6Oa6.-C0mmeTsIGL
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Sew YOrk Live Stool Market.

NEW YORK, Aug. Z.
BEEvEs-Total 5000, of which 1900
are now on sale, 116 cars at Commune
paw, 81 at Tooth street, and IS at Wee
hawken. This lighter run causes a
stronger market and an advance ofabout
&c is established, taking the poorer aver
age quality andthe So ms per ewt claim
ed by sellers into account /; less han 100
Texans were on sale. The lowest rates
were s@9c; fair to good cattle 10t collie;
prime to choice 12a121c; no very extras
Offering the average was lie. 90 poor
Indiana of 1150 ms sold at 9lc, 100 nli-
nois 81 cwt at 10la113c, 100 Kentucky S
cwt at 111a12{c; the market closes some
what strong.
SHEEP AND LAABs-Recsipts 5000
for the week and $500 to-day. The mar
ket is steady and unchanged, most sheep
selling at STAGE, and lambs at 7aSc. a
car prime 81 MS Ohio sheep sold at &c.
g oars IS ms at 5 3 Ice 2 cars Kentucky
lambs of 70 ms at &c, and a al Canadas
of the same weight at Sc.
HoGs-COunt q 400 for the week and
500 to-day. The market showed a little
frmness, with reports Of an advance
west. Dressed sold to-day at 6a64c, mar
ket pigs reaching &c.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

CHEAP MUsIC.-It is seldom that
cheapness is associated nth merit and
real Ualue, but we must make an excep'
ton in favor of PETERS MUSICAL
MONTHLY. This valuable work comes
to us regularly each month, overlooking
with choice new Music-some fifteen
pieces in every number. 1t is printed
from So full-size ~music-plates neatly
bound, and sells for the modest sum OF
so cents. Volume VIII. began with the
July number, and the publisher offers
to send Two copies-July and August
for so Cents. Address ]. L. Peters, 500
Broadway, New York. Think Of it, 50
pieces of-goOd Music torso cents.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

BALLoU's NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.,
The September number Of this Mag
azine is issued, ard still retains its inter
est and originality. 1t has one sea story
half a dozen love and domestic tales, ad.
ventures of the most exeitsble kind,
and a long list of illustrated articles
Just see what a list of contents:-"Ros-
lin Castle;'' HThe Fortress Of Ham,
"a Chime of Bells;'' "Sugar Making in
Cuba;'' "BroOkline Episcopal Church p
"a Country Residence" Only 10 cents
per copy, or $3.50 per year. Themes q
Talbot, So Congress street, Boston, are
the publishers.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

HERALD OF HEALTH, journal on the
laws Of correct living, is a regular and
welcome visitor to our table. The last
number contains a number Of valuable
articles and a well-flled editorial depart
ment. Each number Of this monthly
contains hints a~pplicableto al, and worth
to any ayears subscription. Terms.
500 s year; 20 ceL 5 a month. Wood &
Holbrook, Publishers, Is and 10, Laight
St., New York,
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

The New York Tribune says: "a
little, very simple knowledge would
goa great way in warm weather.
Here are a petty of ams VI sports
men comizgh home in dis t on &C
cOp=s of mosquitoes, and ousands
ofstay-at-homes who fndl st home
uncomfortable on any terms aies. II
either party knew it, oarbN acid is
the sovereign remedy for all their
troubles. A few. drops eEapOrated in
q room or poured upon the clothes
viii keep the winged pests at a safe dis
lance; and If the pure c~rystalized
acid is used, no great annoyance will
result to human beings.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Pretty Good RIndIng.

Mr.. John Park, in a lot east of Samuel
J. Campbelrs, in Weathersfeld, on
Monday, Aug. Z, bound in good order
one hundred and eight dozen bundles
Of oats, commencing at Z o'clock a. m,
and stopping at 5 o'clock p. m, taking
n hour at noon, leaving only 9 hours
to perform the labor, averaging u dozen
per hour. The above oats were cut on
Saturday, Aug. 5, by the Clipper, with
self-rake attachment, and were laid in
nice gavels for binding.
C. Z. FERRIS,
+. i. DABNEY.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

The ancient Roman name Of the month
of August was Sextilis, the sixth from
March, TIL the Emperor Augustus
changed the name to his own, because
in this month Cesas Augustus took pos
session of his first consulate, reduced
Egypt and put an end to civil war. The
first day Of the month is termed in
England Lammas Day it should rath-
er have been loaf-mas, of which Saxon
name it is a corruption. On this day the
ancient Britons celebrated the gift Of
Ceres by offering a loaf made Of new
corn; this custom was adopted by the
early Christians, and the first fruits
were presented at the altar.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
How to, Dwarf ToMn.

HOW 10. DWarI q IONns
Horace Greedy presents the follow
ing as a sure means of destroying the
prosperity of the most promising town.
There can be no doubt of its efficacy
'Ify you wish to keep a town from
thriving, don't put up any more build
Jugs than you al conveniently oecu-
DIV yourselves. If you should acct
dentally have an empty dwelling, and
any one should want to rent il, ask
three times the actual value of it.
Demand a Shylock price for every
spot of ground that God has given
you stewardship over. Turn a cold
shoulder to every mechanic or busi-
ness man seeking a home among you.
Look at every new conner with q
scowl. Run down the work of every
new workman. Go abroad for wares,
rather than deal with those who seek
TO do business in your midst. Fail to
advertise, or in any other way to sup
port your paper, so people abroad may
not know whether any business is
going on in your town or not. Wrap
yourselves up within yourselves, and
cover yourselves with a coat of imper-
vious selfishness. There is no more
~effectual way to retard the growth of
a town than actions like those enum-
Grated, and there are people in every
town who are pursuing the same
course every day Of their lives, and 10
whom the above remarks are most re-
spectfully offered for their CAREFUL
attention"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Man Drowned in Niles.

Last Saturday, about a o'clock a man
named Joseph Rogers was drowned in
the Mahoning river, at Niles. lie was
swimming after an oar which he had
lost from a boat, in which he was rowing,
when he cramped in the stomach, and
before aid could reach him was drowned.
We understand that he leaves a wife and
five children n Pittsburgh.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09
Fairs for 1871.

Fairs Tor IS1Is
The following tells when and where
fairs will be held in this vicinity, this
fall:
Trumbun Co., Warren, Sept. 10, 20,
and 81.
Mahoning County, Garfield, Oct. 3, {,
and 8.
Geauga Co., Burton, Sept. 20, 81, and
Summit County, Akron, Oct. 3, 4, 8,
and G.
Brookield Fair, BroOkfeld, Sept. 6, :,
and {.
Mercer Co. Pa, Mercer, sept. 6, I,
and 8.
Northern Ohio Fair, Cleveland, Sept.
IL, ID, II, and is.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

Alexander Loveless, 8 French Ca
madam, and Edward Bogardus of
Chippewa, in attempting TO cross to
Navy Island, last week, were carried
over Niagara Falls On Friday rem
pants of their boat were found below
the falls, Their bodies have not yet
been found.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

An exchange says that some clever
fellow has invented anewink known as
Sloya letter. ink. Tits q sure preYenta-
tive againsyall cases of breach ofprom-
Use, as the ink fades away and leaves
the sheet blank in abont four weeks af-
ter being written upon.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

Among the graduates at the recent
commencement of the Ohio Wesleyan
University was John s. Vancleve,
son of Rev, L. F. Vancleve, of the
Cincinnati Conference. The young
man is totally blind, and yet has pass
ed successfully through the entire coli
lege course and received the degree OF
A. B. The Western Advocate thinks
"this is the first instance in the histo-
ry Of American colleges of a young
man totally blind passing successful
ly through a college course and re-
ceiving the honor Of A. B. His ex-
aminations were eminently satisfac-
tory, and his commencement speech
was vigorous and beautiful"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

The st. Louis Democrat says: The
present grape crop in the West is enor-
nous, and thus .sarily in the season
~priceGare redDcedt to figures almost ri
diculously low. Oonsignments by rail
sell low as three cents per pound, aprice
insufficient to pay picking, packing, ex-
press charges and commissions.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1871-08-09

The above prices will be subJecttonuetua-
lions with other markets. always aiming to
pay the highest price for grain, and sell as
cheap asthe cheapest Remember the place,
formerly occupied by Trumbun Nat Bank,
All our goods warranted as represented
Come and see us. A liberal deduction al
lowed 10 parties that buy large Quantities.