davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Heat from the Stars.

A London paper remarks that it would
scarcely be thought by most persons that the
stars supply the earth with an appreciable
amount of heat. Even on the darkest
and clearest night, when the whole heavens
seems lit up with multitude of sparkling
orbs, the idea of heat is not suggested by
their splendor. 1t will, therefore, seem sur
prising to many that men of science should
assign no inconsiderable portion of our ter
restrial heat-supply to those distant twink
ling lamps. 1t is not many years since Prof.
Hopkins, of Cambridge, went even further,
and expressed the belief that if the earth's
atmosphere were but increased some thirteen
thousand yards in height, so as to have in
creased power of retaining the warmth poured
upon it from outer space, we might do with
out the sun altogether, so far as our heat
supply is concerned. AS glass house col
lects the suns heat, and renders it available
during the time that the sun is below the
horizon so he held that the additional layer
of air would serve to garner the warmth of
the stars in quantities sufficient for all our
But until lately all these views, however
plausible they might have seemed, had not
been founded upon facts actually observed
An English astronomer, Mr.. Higgins, has
recently published the results of series of
experiments with the galvanometer, which
have reduced to certainty what was only a
probability before. The story of his expert
ments is very interesting, and too long for
this column. The comparative amount of
heat thrown off by Arcturus, Regulus, Pollux
and other brilliant stars was definitely ascer-
tanned.
These inquiries are singularly interesting,
the more so when we remember that the full
moon, which outshines so MANIFOLD the stel-
lar glories of the heavens, gives us either no
warmth whatever, or so little that no expert
ments have ever certified us that we received
any from her. Mr.. Higgins hiss tried the
moon with his powerful galvanometer, with
results which are not by any means satsfac-
tory or accordant, but which are sufficient
to show that we receive scarcely a trace of
heat from the pale.faced orb,-Church Ad-
UOcdte.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Pastors and Children.

A great deal is said about the duties of
the pastor to the children. What are the
children taught about their duties to their
pastor?
1t is often hard for the pastor to remem-
Der the names of all the little folks in the
congregation. So many bright.eyed Marys
and Susies and Nellies, so many Johns and
Harrys and Dicks, are apt to get as con-
fused in his mind, as the colors in kaleido-
scope, and it is not wonderful if he often
fails to recognize them away from their
homes. But every boy and girl knows the
pastor by sight at least, and ought always
to speak to him pleasantly and respectfully.
A bright good morning from child's lip is
as welcome as a sunbeam. 1t is very sweet
to one who is trying to feed the lambs, to
find that they love him, and love to follow
where he leads.
Another duty of the children to the pas
tor, is to listen to him. They sometimes
excuse themselves from this study by saying,
"0h! DR.. - is not preaching to US. The
sermon is for father and mother. All we
have to do, is to sit still" And so many a
child sits still, and preserves a quiet appear
ance, while under the surface the thong hits
are flying here and there, backward and for
ward, over last week and on to next, and
not a word of the sermon do they hear. If
they would but attend, they would find a
great deal that they could understand. The
great mistake in speaking to the young, is
that people try so hard to speak down to the
intellectual level of their audience, rather
than to lift the audience to their level. An
average child of ten or twelve, or even Of
younger age, can understand the larger part
of an average sermon. Not perhaps the
whole of it in its breadth of scope, but enough
to remember and be helped by. Intelligent
children at home listen with interest to the
talks of their elders, on all sorts of subjects,
political, scientific and religious. 1t is a
part of their education, and a part that never
fails to leave its impress.
Another duty Of the children to their pas
tor is to pray for him. Every day when
they pray-not merely say their prayers
they should think of their minister, and ask
God to bless him. There is not the Chris
tan worker alive who will not work better
if he has the children's prayers.
Is love duty? Surely, since love is the
fulfilling of the law Then last of all, let the
children love their PASTORS. s. Times.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
The Traveller in the Snow.

A traveller was crossing mountain height
alone, over almost untrodden snow Warn
ing had been given bin, that if slumber
pressed down his weary eyeids they would
inevitably be sealed in death. For time ne
went bravely along his dreaiy path; but
with the deepening shade and freezing blast
at night there fell q weight upon MS BRAIN
and eyes which seemed to be irresistible In
vain he tried to reason with himself, IN vain
he strained his utmost energies to shake OF
that fatal heaviness. At this crisis OF his
fate his foot struck against heap that lay
across his path. No stone was that, although
no stone could be colder or more lifeless
He stopped to touch it, and found a human
body, half buried beneath fresh drift OF
snow. The next moment the traveller ad
taken brother in his arms, and was cha6ng
his hands and chest and brow, breathing
upon the stiff, cold lips the warm breath OF
a living soul; pressing the silent heart to the
beating pulse of his own generous bosom.
The effort to save another had brought
back to himself life and warmth and energy.
He was man again, instead of weak crea-
ture, succumbing to despairing helplessness,
dropping down in dreamless sleep to die.
"He saved brother, and was saved hi
self. '-Englisk Hearts and English Hands.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Scientific Researches.

A company has been recently formed in
Rome, backed by some heavy French and
English capitalists, and also numbering sew
eraI Americans among its members, having
for its object the dredging and thorough ex-
ploration of the bed of the river Tber.-
Signor Alessandro Castelar, is the president
of the company, which does not undertake
this scheme as commercial or financial
speculation, but solely with a view to the vast
gain fairly to be prognoSticated for art and
history, it being a well-known historical fact
that, during the ancient Roman Empire, the
statues of unpopular rulers, the Imperial
diadems, armors, and insignia of prescribed
dynasties, the wrecks of galleys, the spoil
of temples and palaces, and innumerable
household articles, were committed to the
Tber for oblivion, or to prevent their fall
ing into the hands of conquerors and plum.
derers 1t is anticipated that the excava-
tors will have to go deeply below the present
bed of the stream to insure success, and, for
this purpose, they will be literally supplied
with every modern scientific application in
the shape of dredges, diving-bells, &C.; and
although we cannot be certain of what treas
ures lie concealed under the tawny food of
the Tiber, we know that they must be nu-
merous and profoundly interesting. The
company will at once commence operations,
funds for the start having been supplied by
Partisan clearinghouse, and the whole
scientific, literary, and artistic world will be
auxiously on the gu vive to see what will be
the result Washington Patriot.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Teach the Little Girls.

Teaching children to do work is about the
hardest kind of work. Most mothers are
unwilling to take the time and trouble neCes-
sary to teach their daughters the little wO-
manly arts of sewing, knitting, crOcheting,
and the simple kinds of embroidery. 1t is
left for some one else to take the trouble, if
they are so fortunate as to secure teacher.
Often the little ones look on with longing
eyes to the nimble fingers of young COM
paniOn, who can fashion such beautiful things
with crochet needle and ball of bright wool.
The common tasks Of picking up chips, wip-
ing and busting rooms, seem such mere
1llgerT n comparison. Some little varia.
ton Of This SORT would greatly brighten the
dull days.
We have too little patience in teaching
children. If they could learn all at one les
son, we should be satisfied but they tire
after a moments practice, and wish to turn
to something else. They are sure to take
up a stitch wrong, after we have told them
dozens Of times, and so we lose our own
patience, and the child quickly follows the
example. Some one recommends, when we
are vexed at children for their dullness in
doing their tasks, for their teachers to sit
down and write a page with the left hand
when it begins to train its muscles. We make
too little allowance for this training of the
muscles in ourselves, and fancy we always
knew such simple things.
1t is worth taking great deal of time to
teach our daughters these little useful arts.
1t IS part of their life training, and very
important one of ours. This lesson in patti
ence alone is worth more than the time we
spend. They are happier for their ability
and soon grow skillful by practice, and learn
to turn their knowledge to account. know
little girl Of FIVE who takes the greatest
delight in making little boOk-marks on per-
forated paper to give her friends. 1t was
task for her mother to teach her unskilled
fingers, but it has been a great blessing to
the child, simple as the lesson was. What
ever helps to educate the muscle in a right
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
NumsehDla aTntds,
FoR THE CENTRAL PRESBYTERIAN.
THE FULNEsS OF CHRIST.
CO 40.

The fitness in Christ is not like con-
cealed spring, but ike wide ocean we are
soon lost in the contemplation of its vast
ness. He has a fulness belonging to him as
God, and fulness treasured up in him as
Mediator. He has
1. A f3lness Of agisdOna for Our instruction.
How dark the understanding is by nature
The lamp Of human reason may be trimmed
as carefully as possible, and may be set up
at its greatest height; and after all, its
light will be dim. One beam from the Sun
of Righteousness viii discover more to it
than reason ever could do, for that beam can
give US the light of the knowledge of the
glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. y
He has
,. 4 fulnsss Of merit for our redemption.
We are enslaved by sin and Satan, and we
need Redeemer. In Christ we have one
"Mighty to save, on whom our help was
laid. The righteousness of his life, the
merit of his sacrifice, the prevalence of his
intercession are full and complete, answering
all that we need. And all this fulness
''3,ceUs in him" what more can we ask. He
has
3. 4 ti,lasss q Po,gsr for ear support. There
is might and mercy, power and piety, grace
and glory combined in him. Our condition
is one of helpless weakness, but Christ is our
strength. 1t is great thing to know that
he from whom we receive final salvation will
give US present support, and all measured out
to US according to our need.
Here is a Divine treasury that can never
be exhausted; millions have been supplied
from this stOre-hOuse, yet there is no diminu-
ton.
If it pleased the Father that such fulness
should dwell in Christ, how the knowledge
of that truth should delight our hearts, But,
alas how many hear of the SaviOur's treas
ures, and yet have never become partakers
of them. May his Holy Spirit enable US on
the one hand to see the emptiness of the
world, and on the other the exceeding riches
that are in Christ, and of his fulness to re-
eeive, "grace for graee?'
ON PILGRIM
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Golden Words for the Young.

1t is safer for me to abstain than to drink.
If | should indulge in drink, am afraid l
should not stop at the line which many call
temperance, but should become slave to
the habit, and with others of stronger nerve
and frmer purposes, go down to drunkards
grave. If ] indulge l am not safe. Ii L
abstain my child viii not be cursed by a
drunken father. We talk of the purity and
dignity of human nature, and of relying upon
our self-respect for security; but there is no
degradation so low that man will not sink
into, and no crime so hellish that he will not
commit, when he is drunk. There is moth
ing so base, so impure, so mean, so dishonest,
so corrupt, that man will not do when un-
der the law of sin-of appetite. Safety is
to be found in not yielding ourselves to that
law. But if it could be proved conclusively
to my own mind that 1 could drink and
never be injured, yet with my views on the
subject it would be my duty to abstain. l
could not be certain but others, seeing me
drink, might be influenced to drink also; and,
being unable to stop, pass on in the path of
the drunkard, My example would, in that
case, be evil But, l ask, am l my brothers
keeper? Yes, l am responsible for my in
fuence, and, lest it shall be evil, am under
high moral and religious obligation, to
deny myself that which will not injure me,
but will injure him. If l neither taste, nor
touch, nor handle, nor countenance, then
my example will not lead others to become
drunkards. Coz. Buckingham.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Central prrsbgtuian,
The Lost Hunter and his Compass.

/ heard a story. Thus it ran:
A hunter, up in Michigan.
Oft lost himself and circled round
Amid the forest depths profound,
TIL anxious friends got on his route,
And sought, and found, and brought him out.
A friend one day inquired, "Why
he didn't pocket compass buy?
To north 'twould always point the way,
So that, with it, he could not stray"
He bought it quick, contemning cost,
Struck out, and soon again was lost.
When found, they asked him, "If he tried
To find his way with his new guide ?''
g Brave guide it is, he stoutly said,
''For, sure as have got head,
To point it north tried my best.
But it kept diddljng of sou.lcest."
Thus with Gods Word we often do,
The compass given is good and true,
By which we know we're in the way,
Or End L When we 90 astray;
We mark our course before We look,
And then axpec. rba- Holy Book
To say we re right. But yea, or nay,
We hold our track and stiIl we stray.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Central 4resbptuiarr,
Office no. 1015 Main street, nearly opposite
the Post Office
r MS

TE Z MS.
Three Dollars year, paid in adranee. If not
paid within the first tlco months, 81.
PosTAGE.-Twenty cents year-to be paid at
the office where the paper is received.
PAYMENTS may be made to local agents wherever
practicable; all ministers of our Church author
Used to act as such. Or by checks, POstotfce money
orders, letters Registered by Postmaster. Other
wise IT MUST BE AT THE RISK OF THE PARTY SEND.
ING IT.
OBITUARIES. Charged at ten cents a line. The
party sending can make the estimate by counting
eight words to line. Payment Invariably in ad-
vance.
ADvERTISENENTs.-No Presbyterian paper offers
so good medium for this purpose in Virginia am
West Va. Terms moderate: Circulars furnished On
application.
CoMMUYIoATIoNs AND LETTERS ON BUSINESS
should be addressed to Central Presbyterian, Box
IL, Richmond, Va.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
Coppt Bismarck and his Last Cigar

"The yalre of oooI cigar said Bis
marck, as he proceeded to light an excel
Havana, "is best understood when it is the
last you possess, and there is no chance Of
getting another. At Koniggratz [ had only
one cigar left in my pocket, which l care
fully guarded during the whole of the battle
as miser does his treasure. did not feel
justified in using it. painted in glowing
colors in my mind the happy hour when !
should enjoy it after the victory. But had
mi8calculated my chances" "And what
was the cause of your miscalculation ?" GA
poor dragon. He lay helpless, with both
arms crushed, murmuring for something to
refresh him. l felt in my pockets and found
1 had only gold, and that would be of no use
to him. But, stay had still my treasured
cigar lighted this for him, and placed it
between his teeth. You should have seen
the poor fellows grateful smile! l never
enjoyed cigar so much as that one I did
not smoke. Prom the "IStory of Count
Bismarcks Lifs," By Charles BWllen.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
N
-
Refuse 2
4 IA times thh

am ing the highest re
suit 49, manure. The bones
of fshe similar to those of ter
restial also of great use; while
the fat which ely contain is also a good
manure. Mr.. Mason, of Chiffon, according
to Lord Spencer, found that 40 gallons Of
oil in compost, with 120 bushels of earth,
gave 90 tons, cwt., 6 stone of turnips;
while 40 bushels of earth gave q tons, Is
cwt., 6 stone. The late DIR. Hunter of York,
found equally good effects from compost Of
oil, earth and ashes.
Fish, therefore, of every description, as it
is composed of these three matters, each of
which is potent fertilizer, must be of great
value to the farmer, when it can be obtained.
The best way of using it is undoubtedly in
the form of compost, with earth or vegeta-
BILE matter Whenever, therefore, we can
produce pilchards, herring, cod, whale bub-
Der, sprats, etc., they should be carefully
collected and mixed in the manure bed.
Equal effects are, according to Professor
Johnston, procured by 20 pounds of fish, or
1000 pounds of farm manure, as far as
nitrogen is concerned. Another considera-
tion with regard to fish, is that if we carry
10 tons to our land, we are not rObbing any
other soil. Fishes are the produce of the
ocean, and have not obtained the elements
of their bodies from the soil and every fresh
vegetable raised from such elements is an
extra production, obtained from new source
and made of new materials. When we make
the sea fertilize the land, there is no limit
to the improvement which may be effected.
Hannah, on Waste Man@res.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
IMPORTANT NOTICE
TO
CONSUMERS OF DRY GOODS.
All Retail Orders amounting to $50 and Over Deiv-
cred in any part of the Country Free of
EXPRESS Charges.
HAMILTON EASTER & SONS,

HAMILTON EASTER SONS,
OF BALTIMORE, Nd,
In order the better to meet the wants of their Retail
Customers at distance, have established a
SAMPLE BUREAU,
and will, upon application, promptly send by mail
full lines of Samples of the Newest and most Fash
ionable Goods, of FRENCH, ENGLISH and Do
MESTIC Manufacture, guaranteeing at all times TO
sell as low if not at less prices, than any house in
the country.
Buying our goods from the largest and most cele-
brated manufacturers in the different parts of Eu
rope, and importing the by steamers direct to
Baltimore, our stock is at all times promptly sup
piled with the novelties of the London and Paris
markets.
AS we buy and sell only for cash, and make no bad
debts, we are able and willing to sell our goods at
from Ten TO FIFTEEN PER CENT LESS PROFIT than
if we gave credit.
In sending for samples specify the kind of goods
desired. We keep the best grades of every class Of
goods from the lowest to the most costly.
Orders unaccompaned by the cash will be sent
G. o. ID.
PRoMPT-PAYIEG WHOLESALE BUYERS are invited
to inspect the Stock in our Jobbing and Package de-
partment Address
HAMILTON EASTER & SONS,
1877, 1919, 201 and 2OS West Baltimore ST.,
oc Icy Baltimore, Md.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27

As THE sPoKEs OF A CARRIAGE-wHEEL
approach their centre, they approach each
other; so, also, when men are brought to
Jesus Christ, the centre of life and hope,
they are drawn toward each other in broth
erly relationship, and stand side by side
iourneying to their heavenly home.-Rev.
f. II. Sergeant.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
TSTABLISHED IN 1914.
BOOKS, STATIONERY, PIANO FORTEs
AND MUSIC!
Book Bindery and Blank Book Mandatory
PAPER BOX FACTORY!

PAPER BOX FACTORY
The subscribers have had in operation for the last
twenty years, in connection with their Bookstore, a
first class Book Bindery and Blank Book Manufac
tory, End within the last three years they have es
tablished Paper Box Factory.
They are now prepared to furnish Banks, Bank
ers Merchants, Insurance Companies, Judges, Law
yers, Clerks of Courts, Y, easu-ays Of Counties,
Sherifs Colleges, Schools, Registers, Assessors,
and oil other persons,
BLANK BOOKS,
of any style or size, made in the best manner, and
at reasonable prices. They are also prepared to
make to order at short notice, and in large or small
quantities,
Paper Boxes of any Size or Pattern,
Such as are used by Tobacconists, Druggists, Con
fectioners, Grape Growers, &c.
We are making every effort in our power to build
up and sustain the trade and manufactures OF our
city-give employment to our own people, and keep
our money at home as much as possible. We there
fore feel justified in inviting all persons who need
any article in our line of business to give us CALL
assuring them that we will do our utmost to give
satisfaction, both in the quality and price of our
goods Respectfully,
oc 12-3m WOODHOUSE PARHAM.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR LAND
SURVEYING.
INVENTED BY

j. M. LILLEY, Stanton, Virginia.
THIS INSTRUMENT has been adopted at the
United States Military Academy, West Point; Wash.
ington College, Va. and many of the leading Inst-
tutions of learning of the country, and is recon-
mended by the Professors of Mathematics and En-
gineering, and by Practical Surveyors who have
used it. as superior to any instrument now in use for
the purposes for which it is designed.
Send for Circular containing description of In
strument price list and recommendations.
Orders filed promptly.
Staunton, Virginia
Or the following Agents. Messrs. Stackpole d
Bro, Al Fulton Street, New York R. w. Carroll
& Co., Cincinnati, Ohio; j. P. Morton Co., Lou
isville, KY, A. S. Aloe, St. Louis, Mo.
feb 2-G
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1871-09-27
The Moral Market.

The Journal Of Commerce gives the fol-
lowing, which does not present fattering
account of things around it. 1t says:
eve have received the annexed report of
a market not often described in commercial
papers. 1t is entirely anonymous, but We
recognize the handwriting as that of cele-
brated clergyman and author whose reputa-
ton is in all the churches. The description
follows the peculiar idiom of ordinary mar
ket reports with wonderful cleverness, and
sets forth the condition of each item as to
supply, demand and price with an evident
understanding of the theme. We commend
to all thoughtful readers this
STATE OF THE MORALS MARKET.
There has been good demand for sharp
ness and acuteness. We notice also some
call for roguery and rascallity. Selfshness
is steady. Prudence-The stock small, but
the demand uncomfortable. Population and
embezzlement looking up. Gross fattery
active, with rising tendency. Adroit lying
at a premium. Not much demand for truth,
except in small quantities; holders firm
Candor unchanged. Uprightness has a
downward tendency. Zeal for the right dull
and quiet. Modesty has declined. Light
demand for justice; not much offered. Gun
ming more active than usual. A good bust
ness done in pocket-picking; would be better
but for the police. Something done in sui
eide. HOUSEKEEPING rather active, just
now. Popularity-Many and lively bids at
first and second call. Love of goodness and
of good men rather quiet. Charity of the
first quality, little offered; lower grades are
in good demand, especially if they promise
quick returns. Sincerity rather scarce and
demand moderate. HypOcrisy-SOme stir;
we may say active. A little doing in stab
bing and rape. Drunkenness-Much offered
and good deal taken. Recklessness in de-
mand. Foolshness-Much in the market,
and considerable quantities taken at high
prices. Something doing in OVertrading.
Promises, not intended to be kept, plenty.