Arizona citizen., 1871-12-09
THE CITIZEN.
CONTINUED FROM FIRST PAGE. l

needful rules and regulations, respect
 ing the territory or other property
 belonging to the United States" I'm
 mediately preceding this, though sub-
 sequent in effect, is this provision, (Cl. J New States may be admitted
 by Congress into the Union," etc.
 These two provisions express the
 consummation so much desired by the
 framers of the Constitution, as well
 as by the members of Congress s1nc
 the increase of our population and
 the formation and admission of new
 states, for the accomplishment of
 which Europeanimmigration, natural
 ization and territorial settlement by
 citizens of the United States, native
 or adopted, were only means.
 The lelding purpose of the Federal
 Government under these provisions
 of the Constitution, has been to settle
 the public domain with resident cit
 izens of the United States, nurse the
 settlements thus formed into @ proper
 degree of maturity as Territol1es, and
 finally admit them into the Union as
 States, co-equal with the older mem
 bers of our great national family.
 The most effectual of all ways to encourage these settlements, would be exactly what is done by the Act of
 1902 already cited, but worthy of rep etition here (Sec. 19), to leave these citizen settlers free and unlicensed
 "trade or intercourse with Indians living on lands surrounded by settle ments of citizens of the United States" This was foreseen by the framers of the constitution, anticipated and provided for by Congress in all our regulations of Indian intercourse as already shown, and secured to all the Territories without exception, organized since the Act of 1884, begin ing with Wisconsin blished April 20, 1884, (5th Sts. at L., 1O) ;I and ending with Wyoming, establish ed July 25, 1868, (15th Sts. at L., 17S). In the organization of Wiscon- sin, occurs this provision "Sec. 12, And further the laws of the United States, are hereby extended over and shall be in force in said Territory, so far as the same or any provision thereof may be applicable" In the organic Act of Wyoming, we find this provision: "Sec. 16. And be 1t | further enacted, That the Constitution and laws of the United States which are not locally inapplicable, shall have the same force and effect within the said Territory of Wyoming as elsewhere in the United States"
 Let us see how the Constitution and laws of tie United States are applied to Arizona.
 It IS well known to those at all familiar with the political history of the United States. that the area of country comprising the Territory of Arizona was acquired from Mexico by the Gadsden Treaty, which was pro claimed by the President and thus became a law of the United States June 30, 1854. It was annexed to New Mexico and made subject to all its laws by Act of Congress, August 1, 1854, (1Oth Sts. at L., 575), and so until organized into the Territory it now is February 24, 1863, (l2th Sts. at L., 664. The organic Act of New Mexico, September 9, 1850, (9th Sts. at L., AID, provides |" Sec. 23. The Constitution and all laws of the United States, which are not locally inapplicable, shall have the same force and effect within the said Territory of New Mexico as elsewhere within the United States" By the Act of February 27, 1851, (9th Sts. at L., 519), all our Indian inter- course laws, including of course the pro- visions hereinbefore cited, were extend ed to New Mexico as follows: "Sec. '. All the laws now (then) in force, reg llating trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, or such provisions of .hem as may be applicable, shall be and the same are hereby extended over the Indian tribes in New Mexico md Utah." Such was the law of New Mexico when Arizona was and annexed to 1t, as already shown. To that law, Arizona had been nearly nine years subject when as separate Territory.
 To this same law, Federal and New Mexican, Arizona would have re- nained subject by reason of its former . connection with New Mexico, without ! my special enabling Act. But to confirm these laws to Arizona beyond