The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938, 1871-07-01
LOCAL CORRESPONDENTS.
JoHysTowS. Juno %. 1871.


civil engineers OF the Cambria Iron Company;
and resident of this place, has invented and
patented an Automatic Barometer, Wind and
Rain Gage, which have attracted the notice
of scientific men throughout the country, and
which promise TO be of great utility in prognos-
ucating storms.
BY. ingenious clocls-work a shaft is made to
this shaft, or connected with it, are four cylin-
ders OF about four inches in diameter, on each
pencils mark the pressure of the air, the fall of
rain, tho course of the wind and the velocity of
the condition of the atmosphere, as marked by
these automatic registers, can readily be ascer-
tanned.
THE BAROMETER
A large glass bent tube is placed in q franc
work, and filled with mercury equal to the
weight of the atmosphere. with vacuum
above. AT the lower, curved end of the tube
disc is placed, as to fill the tube and lie on the
mercury. This disc is fastened TO lever, " hich
works upwards or downwards just as the mer-
curry rises or falls This lever is shaped like an
inverted cross, the long arm reaching up TO one
of the cylinders before mentioned, a needle be-
ing fastened through. the upper extremity,
which makes dots something like a telegraph
instrument. The cross arm is perfectly bal
anced by movable or adjustable weight and
as the mercury raises the right, short arm, the
long arm moves toward the left When the
mercury falls the short arm of the cross to the
light descends, which causes the long upright
arm to move to the right. The paper register
around the cylinder has the inches marked
thereon; also the hours of the day. This up
right arm of the cross, which holds the needle,
is a bent spring, passing inside of horizontal
that every five minutes said lever presses the
spring holding the needle against the paper,
causing an indentation or perforation. after
which nicely arranged machinery permits the
spring and needle to fly back again to their OTi-
ginaI position, until another five minutes has
expired. a row of indentation is thus made,
varying to the right or left, as the air is heavy
every five minutes during the twenty-fOur
hours.
THE RAIN GAGE.
Above the roof of the house in which this
machine is located there is tin vessel, eight
inches i'll diameter, fastened to the top Of
hgI IiTN- ftrI no fF- mir ha
that fails RG into d dd% into glass Tsse 5 whdh 5
is fixed in movable frame or slide. working
up and down without friction. This franc
slide s supported by delicate springs, made of
coiled steel wire. a needle is fastened to the
edge of this frame which makes marks on
paper register fastened to an upright cylinder,
which cylinder is revolyed by the clock-work
af0rcsIid in twenty-four hours. As the rain
fails the water acCumulates in this glass vessel,
the weight bearing down the frame slide, aud
the pencil marking the quantity falltng-eyery
half-inch that falls on tie earth being equal TO
six inches in the glass vessel. This frame sinks
down TO the lower margin OF the register, when
it has just six inches of water in 1T. a syphon
inside of this glass vessel commences to empty
it at the moment that the vessel has been filed
six inches high, when the frame or slide Store
said rises to Il height ranging with the top OF
the register; so that every hglf-inch OF rain
that falls night or day is marked by six inch
line the register aforesaid, automatically,
to complete the registry except changing the
paper every twenty-fOur hours, and winding
the clock, every eight days. ,.L
DIRECTION THE WIND.
4 weather vane on the top of the house indi-
Gates the direction OF the wind. This is fasten-
ed to an iron rod extending GOWN TO the iustru-
mcnt On the lower end Of this rod is fastened
a perpendicular cylinder, which turns as the
va:e turns above. y frame work with a nee
die or pencil attached is connected with the
clock-wo work, by wheels, which causes the pencil
to commence marking az the Top OF the cylIn-
der, and TO keep marking for twenty-four
hourF till it reaches the bottom Of the cylinder,
when clOck-wCrk machinery permits said frame
to fly upward and regain its place, after Thic''
it commences marking as before. If there is q
perfect calm, the weather Vane does not move
at all. consequently the pencil mark will be
perpendicular on the register affixed to the
cylinder. If the vane moves right or left Il cor
responding mark Is made horizontally the
register. Thus, by locking at the register, one
can tell in what direction the wind blew during
the preceding day, this au tOmatic needle mark
ing it as carefully as human hands could do.
VELOCITY OF Tnh WIND.
crossing each other at right angles on tue ends
oT each OF which are fastened dishes the shape
of half n globe, the concave sides standing one
way and the convex sides the other way. This
ealIses the iron rod to turn continually in one
direction, no matter in what direction thc wind
max blow. On the lower cnd Of this rod, near
the registering z Instruments cut . worm screw,
which passes through between the teeth OF
circular wheel, causing 1t to reYClEc- This
wheel has a screw-Sit;ft, operating another
wheel, which acts Il ratchet or scriated iron
bar. causing 1t to move horizontally ON
tI1is bar +. fastened pencil, winch slides along,
maxim. = mark a register fastened TO cyl
indcr revolving every twenty-tour hours, W hIch
register is ruled in miles. This wheel cOnnec-
ti0u SO calculated that 1886 revolutions OF the
tr5 ycIrd by the wind and these ten miles equals
the distance one time across the register. When
the iron bar which moves horizontally and car
ries the pencil has moved from left to right till
il reaches its utmost limit, tequal to ten miles
of travelling of the wind.) Il portion of the wheel
which operates ii, being toothless, permits this
bar to be drawn suddenly, by weight, from
write to left, when it commences to move again
to the right, marking ten other miles. The
register being marked in hours, well
miles, one can tell at any time what has been
the velocity of the wind for the preceding day.
Thus has Mr.. PcelOr combined four. most
singular instruments in one-that is one for
marking the weight of the air automatically;
one for measuring the depth of the rain fall
tomaticaIly; one for marking the direction of
the wind automatically: and one for marking
the velocity of the wind automatically. He
purposes attaching an automatic thermometer,
when perfection will be perfected-au moved
by the clock of the barometer.
OTHER MATTERS.
A large and enthusiastic meeting was held on
Saturday, the 18th inst, at Dayidsvil!e, to con-
slider the oxpediency OF buildng a ralIroad TO
Somerset: Quite large NUMBER OF farmers
ing was followed by u similar one at Johnstown
on the oath inst, where the farmers again had
alive to the work Large quantities Of lime
stone lie in the vicinity of The railroad route,
lands by fertliZing. This is the great mo-
tive that induced them to turn out. At the
more than a dozen of persons. Mr.. Isaac Kauf-
man offered to subscribe $4,000 to SlOO,OQ9 and
said that he could build half the road, and that
there should be no such word as IAN. Ihe
Cambria Iron and Steel Company agreed TO
furnish all the rails and the rolling stock as
soon as the road was graded. SeyeraI men
made most liberal offers, and there is no doubt
that the matter Will De pttSheu 1nSfe
are large quantities of timber, iron ore, lime
and stone coal along the route, ana the road
woHId most unquestiOnably pay = large per
cent on the stock invested. Books will be
opened imm ediatcly, and the work viii go on.
The distance is only about thirty miies-per-
haps a few miles more including the curves
This road will connect with the ConnellSVille
road. and hence with Baltimore.
/ was very much pleased with your account
of the pleasant editorial trip TO New IOrk,
contained in your last paper. 1t seems strange,
however. that such u steady, staid man as you
are could have felt so hWGtutilt ON that august
occasion. Go in again. That dispute that has
| occupied so much of the paper of late is becom-
! ing gtn1iseGt.Hg to many readers, because ii is
giving undue prominence to fraud and misTCp-
| Tescntdtinn. That epigram was good. Who
! wrote it? =
The employees at the store of the Cambria
! Iron Company had jolly pic mic on last Tues
! day week. We got card, but couldn't go on
| account of the shower in the afternoon; but
| we understand that the party had jolly time
! of it down tear SineYeh.
| The 4th will be celebrated here in the usual
| ,,,apDnr-tlat is "a few n mics.