New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1871-08-29
ABATTOIRS WANTED.

establishments the rendering places, the dumping
grounds and other similar nuisances OF New-forK tha
aohng but thorough reorganization OF those esahiSh
ments and their concentration in one or two places II
the outskirts OF the CITY, bring relief from the hea
destroying stenches engendered by them Unless all 'e
saughtering OF which offarendering fatmeluns' tpo
boiling &C. are but the natural offspring instead OF pe's
carried on at about 80 different places can DC oonce"
rated I'm few large abattoirs, as has been done " ,'
OF the largest European cities there can he niue @
ment in or relief FROM the nuisances so justly oiu
planned Of The efforts Of Boards of Health and sanitary
Committees must prove Of small avail as long aS NV
not proper public spirit eyinced IN urging 'is
change It's well known that the rendering OF irosn
fat for instance causes dsagreeable odor' pu' "
impossible 20 enforce law that insists that ho 80
shall be rendered in the city limits, when tno
houses have TO be supplied by GO large anu sul"''
slaughter-houses. During the warm mohtnS' i" '"e
proportion Of the fat from slaughtered "hil'"iS nus
necessarily become tainted before 1t reaches the mehg
tank and no mechanical chemical cOntrNahces can
wholly pulfy the nauseous smell created ny 'e ehs
y, nh tt II is only when the rendering is carried on
In close connection with capaciOus abattos that per-
feet immunity from such odors can be attained
The Partisan abattOirs originated with Napoleon who
aeod their erection In 1907. The extensive works
pacted with this design nearly completed before
the fall OF the Empire; but IL not until the close OF
1913 that the Partisan butchers ceased to slaughter in
their pryate establishments There were five OF these
abaor IN Pars-three the right and two on the left
bank Of the Seine containing $40 saugherhouses in ALL
which both in architectural proportions and complete
ness OF internal arrangement regarded as models
OF their kind. These demolished few years ago.
and replaced by single large abattOr at Vette, just
within the old walls Of Paris, and on the canal ST. Denis
The abattOr occupies very irregular spot OF ground The
whole structure forms sort Of fan, divided into five
branches separated by many avenues as there are
pens These are constructed Of brick and freestone
-e,io - wall ia Iavyp
the center for cattle and each side room
for swine and sheep. The erection of establishments
similar to the original abattOrs at Paris, in Great Brit
ain, is of comparativeysrecen date Public slaughter
houses formed part Of the plan in the establishment OF
the cattle-market In London, at Copenhagen Fields.
Those built well arranged but they are few in num-
ber the old system in full operation to the great
ietriment of public health
WHAT CONSTITUTES ABATToR.
An abattor is not, to be generally supposed
merely place where the slaughtering OF domestic ami
of all kinds Is carried by tens Of thousands
instead Of by hundreds dozens, but scientifically
organized establishment The largest part Of the is
occupied by fenced spaces pens for the reception of
all arriving animals where the butcher at his leisure
select those belonging him. There also stables and
sheepolds where cattle, calves, and sheep kept
until wanted slaughter houses, where the animals
killed; blood reoeptacles TO Obvate the necessity OF
allowing blood into the rivers melting
tripehouses hdesang floors, places of deposit for the
Oa servOirs, sewers, lodgings and offices for
the officers and wOrkmen, stables for the butchers
horses sheds for their carts &C. The several parts OF
the building are. as much as possible divided That
each butcher has separate and THAI the rooms
belonging to the man are adjoining For this
purpose, there generally two rows of slaughter
houses between the rows of stables, the space be-
tween the former and the latter being parttoned
by fences, thus forming courtyard for every
butcher between his stable and his slaughter
house. The space between the two rows Of slaugh
terhouses closed each end with iron ratings and
gates. that infuriated animal can escape after
once entering the stables. over each stable is hay
loft and each room for deposit
ing the fat before it is melted This room is closed only
by attoe-wOrk, to allow free circulation OF air 1t Ia
necessary in building the slaugherhouses to take par
tcuar care not TO leave any recesses or 10 use any
porous stone into which blood and other liquids may
enter and purefy The floor and sides, high six
feet covered with fiat stones well cemened as it
were a cstern. The floor is inclined toward the sewer,
and wateppes arranged for frequent and thorough
washings The roof Of the saughter-hOuse is always
made 20 project nine ten feet from the WALL thus
keepng building cool by preventing the rays of the
sun from striking the walls. The places OF deposit Tor
oa are uncovered spaces ncOsed by walls three feet
high with waterproof Tagging The ofa is taken away
every day and the place washed The establishment has
to be over a main beside river. 1t is i'm
acted upon have every opening into the sewers ON
wateryalve. This is arrangement not at all costly
which allows OF the water going in, but prevents any
ehiuva from coming out II is used in London in houses
opening directly into the main sewers.
OPINIONS OF PRACTICAL PHYSICIANS
Among the eminent physicians and sanitary reormers
who were questioned about abattors, the first one
visited said that they Indispensable The Board OF
Health are 80 hampered by political influence that they
IRE powerless far insttuting such sweeping re-
orms concerned Abaoirs are found in France, Ger
many and Italy The best he had seen was in Turin
about mile outside Of the walls Of the city 1t was on
,ouare plot Of ground, ncosed by wall porter at
he gate prevented the entrance Of who had not
permit Two veterinary surgeons were always on duty
there They examined every animal before was slaugh
tered and every side OF beef All the blood was saved
and sold Not drop seen on the marble h0ors nor
spoonfnl of dirt Wooden floors should be avoided as
thew soak up blood, and become infectious IN rev
years Among other curiOsities at the Iuiln
Ahattoir was an "invalids roOm," where ami
mai baths tof blood taken Any hmo
supposed 10 need the application was dipped III
proper vessel containing this fluid The Paris absto
inside the walls; but such large quantity OF ushiect
ants ia used that nusances are not created his gehe
man Thought that there should he two large abattos
one ON the East River the other on the Hudson Ihey
might he run by stock company by private capital OF
nv the city 1t is not necessary that they should be out
aide OF city limits No portion OF the ofal need be OF
iensve if disposed Of within few hours after the eatte
are slaughtered. As II is now, numerous irresponsible
butchers keep their Ofdl nearly week before enough
accumuates make cartlOad 10 send to the rendering
company The most them use but little water ana no
dsnfecants II would be well TO have the abators upon
a river 40 that salt water could be pumped up Ihe
blood can all be sold one firm now makes slOoo' Oh
$4,000 year by collecting blood and selling II 10 the
sugar refners One objection TO putting the abattors
outside the city limits Is that 1t would be diihcut u
transport the meat in good condition
Another physician said that 1t would be wrong to have
the abators outside the city, then the Board
would lose control over them Before they took earnest
hold OF the matter here about $50 butchers in the