The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-10-09
RUSSIA.

Russian Views OF the Gasten Con fcrence-
The Reiations Between Germany und Rms.
sia-NlcaniEg OF the AustrS-t;erman FricnG-
stip-The cznr Preparing for War-EIovc-
ments al the Military Throughout the EN-
pire-PrSsDec cts.
ST. PETERSBURG, Sept. 0, 1871.
The variety or opinions with reference 70 the re.
cent Gastein and salzburg conferences, though TAR
from being great in West ern capitals, Is still
considerable here. Not 10 speak OF the German
party which tries TO make everything appear in the
brightest coors at least two three sets OF distinct
interpretations prevalent both in the press and
and in those circles which must be considered as
having great influence upon the government All
| these interpretations have one thing In common,
that Is dlstrust dislike to the German Chancellor
well as to everything German, but differ consider
ably in details. give you some OF these opinions,
exposed almost in the style they are to be
heard here.
RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND GERMANY.
The issue OF the Franco Russian war has com.
plctey reversed the former relations between Rus
STA and Germany. Formerly 100000 Russians
stood ois-l-Uis 10 100000 Of Germans. Now
TO- 600 OF Germans stand osdDs TO 40 000 900 OF
Russians. !: may seem paradox, yet it is SO, for
81 Oou OF Prussans and 100000 OF Austrians
make, altogether, 20, oOoOOo; while according to
ampDlet recently published at Breslau lof
course the suggestion OF Russian author
ities) under the title OF "Dle Zukunft Po-
lens" there never has existed more than
40,QO0,00O OF Russians, the remaining 30, 900
OF subjects OF Emperor Alexander being Germans,
Poles and other alien natonalities, which ought to
he taken away from under his rule. AS to the means
for taking them away they are very simple In
trigues everywhere, fermentation OF revolutionary
elements IN Poland and, If need be- war; an alliance
with Austria being secured beforehand. Next year,
that Is in 1872, will be the centenary of the first
division OF
OLD POLAND.
new Polish movement is sure to take place on
that occasion, and, therefore, all sorts Of conces-
sions should be made before that time to The Poles
OF Austria, to provoke the envy OF the Russian
Poles and consequent rising on their part. In
former times every concession to the Sclavonians
or Czechs or Poles, to the dctrment OF the auto.
n0my OF the Germans in Austria, would have been
locked at IN the worst imaginable light at Berlin.
| While now. just at the moment the Austrian En-.
peror is granting all sorts Of privileges those
naionaliiies, quite dlsregarding the vested political
interests OF his German SUBJECTS the Emperor VIII
| helm and his almighty Chancellor iraternize with
the world that there Is not single question
upon which the politics oil the two empires
differed, What Is the explanation ~ such strange
factY Clearly this The Germans OF Austria must
soon part from under the Hapsourg rule and there
Wne the scla,es, the Poles the Czechs, &C, are to
form the bulk OF
and must, therefore, not ouly perfectly contented
but put into the enjoyment OF such privileges as
would cause al their klnsmen under Russian rule
To become envous. With the support OF Prussia Sc
cured, there 10 not the slightest danger for Austria
in giving little wind to the federatve principle
should II prove 100 dangerous for the safety OF the
dynasty the Prussian army Will be always ut hand;
While Tor tue Russian empire. the very spread OF an
IDEA like that of federalism Is certain death, since
from The Poles and the Baltic Germans down to the
Kalmaks and Tar'ars ,r Of ASIA Asa. every one
To be master OF It's own destiny. The
Berlin policy is, therefore,, quite clear bring
MANY revolutionary elements, and then II necessary,
launch half million Prusslan soldiers to the shores
OF the Baltic and about half that number OF Aus
TRAN soldiers TO the shores OF the Black sea- That Is
ONE INTERPRETATION OF THE MEANING OF THE
rather complicated one to the minds Of people
who are dwelling far away from the Neva, The
Spree and the Dannbe but nevertheless plausible
Interpretation aud one that finds deal OF credit in
Russia, and especially In Moscow, to which city
the very origin OF this interpretation Is easily
ANOTHER VIEW.
Another manner OF viewing the conference Is OF
more generally European character and is peculiar
to ST. Petersburg. According to these views the
conference was an immediate consequence OF the
great mistake which Bismarck has made In giving
| France three years time Tor the payment
mistake is acknowledged in all diplomatic circles
as The first Bismarck ever made, and the greatest
he could make Tns last part Of this verdict he
have elapsed, and the day OF the payment arrives,
II VIII he quite natural on the part Of the French II
whether they cannot better invest the three
mllllards IN new war for the conquering back OF
Asacc ana Lorraine. The chances OF success for
the French Will scarcely he better then tnan they
were last year. Still! they may be better and as mel
ther Austria nor Russia have any interest IN a final
extermlHa,ion OF the French nation, either of them
or both might take the side OF The french should q
second war arise. Consequent on these considera-
lions II said Bismarck set at once to work for
Austrian alliance to which he even gave privately
the name OF league OF peace In that sense mat Is
TO prevent an attempt 10 make war on the part OF
France. That the kOumanian railways. the Eastern
question and the International have been brought
forward as chief topics oil the discussion Is quite
natural. In the frst place these questions were
discussed among other things, and in the second
they were. by their very nature the first to be talked
apon' by the European press, unaware OF the real
state OF the case.
THE RoUMANIAN QUESTION,
however IS no topic for conference OF this kind,
because 1t Is an internal affair OF the Principates
INTO which sort oi AFFAIRS according 10 The PARIS
Treaty, even the Sultan-that Is to say, the SuZer-
al--cannot interfere. Besides, this business must
he rather questionable one, since the chief direc-
tors OF those rallways-Doth oil them Prusslans-
are about TO be brought before Jury for fraud.
me RoumauaDs thus turn out only TO refuse to pay
what The Prussian directors nave stolen. II
TIE EASTERN QUESTION
has been discussed, II could Oe so only as threat
- Russia or q prospect OF compensation " Austria
both OF which alternatives impy no sort Of peaceful
THE INTERN ArIosAL.
Bismarck was too mucn involved In past socialistc
movements OF Germany not to know their real value
IN tnat country. The International can be danger
Gus everywhere but IN the Fatnerland OF cheap work
ana hying upon nothing. one regiment would
order, and Bismarck, knowing that, Will never
trouble himself with talking seriously over such
Topic, lie VIII, on the contrary, use the 1nterna-
ional as means Tor fomeniing soci3i disturbances
~ countries which 1t Is his interest 10 keep In dis
orderly state ike France England or Russia.
SUMMING UP.
Such are at least, the TWO most important views
taken upon the conference Of the Empefers-ylews
he'd MOI by the vulgar mass OF the politicians but by
the diplomats ana those lew Representatives OF the
press whose names are already largely known I'm
Europe, ike mat Tor instance. OF a. kaikoff the
editor OF the Moscow Gdzette. The Court however
does not conceal at all the apprehension about tbis
state OF AFFAIRS. Armaments and drilling are car.
rlcd on on the largest scales the Emperor with two
Of ms sons IS Inspecting troops the Eastern pro-
vines, whle he Grand Duke Nicholas Is doing tie
saT1e IN the western. Military manu uvres are going
on b.! ever the empire, ana 10 keep the Court quiet
about tbs whole, all the august ladies', TO begin with