New-York tribune., 1871-11-07
SOUTHERN ITALY.

| PROSPECT OF THE CROPs-sAEITARY CONDITION
| OF HAPLEs-EFFECT OF BRIGANDAGE on
THE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE
| COUNTRY--FREEING EDUCATION FROM &c
| CLEsIAsTICAL INFLUENCES.
PRoM THE REGULAR CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNE.
NAPLES, Oct. s.-Tho weather is superb, and
our Bay looks moro exqustey beautiful than ever set
complaints arise on all sides OF the absence OF rain Since
the month Of April TO speak OF has fallen though
the Madonna is generally supposedto be bountfu OF her
Gifts about the middle Of August and the ground s
scOuently parched. and man aud beast are almost
without water. In Southern Italy the crops on the
whole have produced averages and also speak
Of the vintage and ove harvest As to the former, II
deficient in quantity, it is good In quality while oil in
many districts Is failure not perhaps from any pecu-
liarity In tho season, but from this being the
| "of.year." You aware that the olive
does not bear abundautly two successive
seasons and last year the produce was generous the
trees are now reposiug. Tho public health, however, is
good, though the cholera menaces at distance, aud
everything that quarantine do to repcl 1t Is doing.
1t is surprising nevertheless TO observe how little ateR-
ton Ia paid here and In other parts OF Italy TO those prn
cpes hygiene by which alone the great destroyer can
be successfully met The Government is continually In
yoked to look after its lazareOs and enforce strict
quarantine, while, In every street. invitations are given
to cholera and fever to and nestle among
crowded population. Bad water imperfect sewerage,
no sewerage ct ALL are evils which beset only Naples
but every township around it, and yet poor simple per-
sons imagine that pestilence, as II assuming material
form, Is to be kept at a distance by physical force.
1t is an encouraging fact-and marvellous one, too
for this country-that last week lecture was deliv
cred In Naples the principles of hygiene by Dr. Michele
del Monte. He has lately visited the schools Of this city,
and his lecture therefore had reference principally
them reports the boy schools being in
"hy" while those for girls leave nothing to desire
regards cleanliness He says however that all
crowded. 80 or 40 children being packed into rooms not
large enough TO receive II 16 In fact he adds that
would appear the great object had been to crowd as
large number Of persons as It was possible in given
space. No doubt some Of these evils arise from the
hurry with which schools have been formed during
the last ten years The ignorance Of the masses was
appalling and dangerous that every effort was made sim
ply to instruct and those principles OF hygiene,
sentia to the weilbenR Of people were overlooked
Dr. Mcheldele Moute has most wisely called attention to
tho question: and s TO be hoped that hls lecture will
bear its fruts But with how much greater force does
1t bear on the squad houses OF Old Naples and every
street whether In the Old New City. This lecture ls
ono Of the results Of the P9dagogic Con-
gress which met here last month. Congresses are
all the fashion In Italy. Thus We have
had that called the Peddgooeo that Of the Booksellers
and others On the 18th inst the Con0csso kedteo viii
meet Rome and at the present moment the Coa0resso
Preiorico holds It's sessions In Bologna Every art and
OCCupdLlOu muSb naFc ~ NnBApos huu bnouku tuof
sometimes elicit sme it Is impossble not to regard
them but with satisfaction Indications Of the
ton Of people, remember the time when two three
persons did not venture TO assemble together 20 that
these Congresses are but the natural reaction from
state of things which 10 painful even to remember
There Is good deal Of local discomfort with Minis
sal project 10 suppress the naval arsenal o Naples and
tho Of Csstellamare commission has been
formed here to oppose IT, at all events 10 gain ue
and all the old arguments used - 10 the ruin 1t viii
inct on largo numbers Of artisans who must Be turned
into tho streets The enterprises Of Naples and Castea
In shpbuding too strongy and deservedy set
forth. Commerce has, however, been 10 largely deye
oped within the last ten years thst much doubt whether
the evils apprehended will be very great Taranto 10
the port which is intended TO substitute for Naples
but the arrangements arc stil In o most unnnished
state, and the commission begs for delay M
III such time laramie may be quite ready.
Another resolution Of the Government has gwen
our southerners unmlnged satisfaction, and that
n the appointment Of Special Delegate look after the