davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

AS TO Low DRESS ES.-Most fashions
owe their origin to an attempt to give
prominence to the strong point to hide
the weak point of king or queen.
Thus powder came into vogue to con-
ceal queens gray hair, and large pe-
rukes because king was bald. We
learn, however from a Belgian paper,
that the custom of ladies exhibiting
their busts in all the beauty of nature
has far more romantic origin. In a
battle the French were engaged in (all
dates we may mention are reserved,)
their ranks were broken, and they were
routed. When they retrea ted their
women barred their breasts and entreat-
ed them to pierce them rather than Ter
nit them to fall into the hands of the
enemy. This was too much for the
gallant Gauls. Nerved with courage
they turned, renewed the combat ard
We're victorious. From that hour
French women have at festal occasions
always been accustomed to wear their
dresses low. In fact, when you see ono
who appears 10 have forgotten the up
per part of her dress, it is no proof o
indelicacy, bat simply an indication oI
the power of national sentiment. Thii
satisfactorily explains what many ig
norant people have taken for impropr
ETY.. We live and learn.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

When gold is quoted at s1.l0. paper
dollar is worth 81 cents nearly.
When gold is quoted at sl.15, paper
dollar is worth 81 cents.
When gold is quoted at sl.20, a paper
dollar is worth S3l cents.
When gold is quoted at $l.25, paper
dollar is worth so cents.
When gold is quoted at sl30, paper
dollar is worth II cents nearly.
When gold is quoted at $l.35, a paper
dollar is worth II cents.
When gold is quoted at $l.40, paper
dollar is worth II cents.
When gold is quoted at Sl.45, paper
dollar is worth 60 cents.
When gold is quoted at sl.50, paper
dollar is worth 66a cents.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
Choice Poetry.
True Heroism.

Let others write of battles fought
On bloody, ghastly fields,
Where honor greets the man who wins
And death the man who yields,
But will write of him who fights
And vanquishes his sins,
Who struggles on through weary years
Against himseif-and wins.
He is hero staunch and brave
Who fights an unseen foe,
And puts at last beneath his feet
His passions base and low;
Who stands erect in manhood's might,
Undaunted, undlsmayed-
The bravest man who drew sword
In foray or In raid.
1t calls for something more than Drawn
Or muscle to o'ercome
An enemy who marcheth not
With banner, plume and drum
a foe forever lurking nigh,
With silent, stealthy tread.
Forever near your board by day,
AT night beside your bed.
All honorthen, to that brave heart,
Though poor or rich he be,
Who struggles with his baser part
Who conquors and is free.
He may not wear hero's crown.
Or fill heros grave,
But truth will place his name among
The bravest of the brave.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
Prayers I Don't Like.

do not like to hear him pray
Who loans at twenty-five per cent,
For then think the borrower may
Be pressed to pay for food or rent,
And in that book we all should heed,
Which says the lender shall be blest,
As sure as | have eyes to read
1t does not say "take interest"
do not like to hear him pray
On bended knees about an hour,
For grace to spend Alright the day,
Who knows his neighbor has no flour.
I'd rather see him go to mill
And buy the luckiess brother bread,
And see his children eat their fill,
And laugh beneath their humble shed.
do not like to hear him pray,
LET blessings on the widow be-"
Who never seeks her home to say,
"lf want overtakes you, come TO me-"
hate the prayer, so loud ana long,
That's offered for the orphans veal
By him who sees him crushed by wrong,
And only with the lips doth feel.
do not like to hear her pray,
With jeweled ear and silken dress,
Whose washerwoman tolls all day
And then is asked to work for less"
Such pious shavers I despise;
With folded hands, and face demure,
They lift to heaven their "angel eyes,"
"h"u steal tho earnings OF the poor.
l do not like such soulless prayers;
II wrong, / hope to be forgiven;
No angel wing them upward bears
They're lost million miles from heaven
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
AND MEASURE.


MEASURE OF DISTANCES.
y mile is $3.50 feet, or l,76O yards il
length.
\ fathom is feet
y league is 3 miles.
y sabbath days journey" is 1,1jt
yards-(this is IS yards less than two
thirds of mile.)
y "day's journey" is SO! miles.
A cubit is feet.
4 great cubit is | / feet.
a hand (horse measure) is inches.
A palm is 3 inches.
a span is 10 rs inches.
~ pace is 3 feet.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
CREEDs OF THE WORLD.

thETDo OH NOisIlJs
The p opulation of the world is relig-
iously distributed very nearly in the
following proportions
Christians, 3SS, 100000; Buddhists,
0,0O0, 600; Other Asiatic Religions,
2GO,OOO,OO Pagans, 2OO,OOO,OOO; Mo-
hammcdans, 10000, 900; Jews, 7,OOO,-
600.
In Europe, America, Australia, and
many Of the Polynesian Islands, Chris
tianity is the prevailing creed of every
State. In Africa, the only Independent
Christian States are Abyssinia and Lii
IBERIA, while Christianity prevails in
several Of the European Colonies. The
largest empire of Asia--Russia-is also
Christian country. India, the third
country in extent, is under the rule of
Christian COVER nment, and so is a
large portion of Farther India.
The Mohammedan countries in Asia
are Turkey, Persia, Afghanistan and
the Khanate Of Central Asia; in Afri-
ca-Morocco, the dependencies of Tur-
key Egypt, Tunis, Tripoli,) and q
'.''''""r of interior States.
Buddhism plvv~ilr IN India. Farther
India, in many parts of ChIae and in
Japan. The governments of Japan,
Burmah, and Siam are Buddhist; the
government of China adheres to tho
r eligion of Confucius.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
BUSUEL MEASURE.

The following are sold by weight per
hushel:
Wheat, beans, potatoes anl clover
seed, 60 pounds to the bushel.
Corn, rye and tlaXseod, Sc pounds.
Buckwheat, 80 pounds.
Barley, As pounds.
Oats, 80 pounds.
Bran, 20 pounds.
Timothy.seed, 45 pounds.
Coarse salt, S5 pounds.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

Executors or Administrators Notice, $500,
Auditors or Assignees Notice, $3.50.
Local notices, ten cents line.
Cards In the Business Directory column, $500
per year for the first two lines, and sl0O for each
additional line.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
BARREL MEASURE.

BARREL MEASURE.
a barrel of -four weighs 1856 pounds.
a barrel Of pork, 200 pounds.
a barrel of rice, 24O pounds.
a keg of powder, % pounds.
4 firkin of butter. 100 pounds.
A tub of butter, 80 pounds.
A key of butter, GO pounds.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

The local reporter of the Vallejo
(TeXas) Reporter complains of the scare
ity of murders, robberies, arson and
frightful accidents in that locality. He
says 1t may speak well for the morals s
of the town, but that "it is rough on
an industrious local."
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

A MAN who wears paper collar fora
week and keeps 1t clean, is not good for
anything else.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
THE ESPY HOTEL.
BRICK HOTEL
oRANGEvILLE, COLUMBIA COUNTY, PA.
ROHR M'HENRY, Proprietor,

This well known House, having been put In
thorough repair, is now open to the travelling
public. The bar is stocked with the choicest
liquors and cigars, and the table will be, at all
times supplied with the delicaces of the season.
No pains Will be spared to insure the comfort OF
guests.
Orangeville, dec. TO- 69tf.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

Fifteen Per Cent.-Multiply by num-
Der of days, and divide by "a.
Eighteen Per Cent.--Multiply by
number of days; separate right-hand
figure and divide by 2.
Twenty Per Cent.-Multiply by
number of days, and divide by IS.
Twenty-Four Per Cent.--Multiply
by number of days, and divide by To-
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
SHARPLESS & HARMAN,

EAGLE FOUNDRY AND MANUFACTURING SHOP.
STOVES & PLoWs WHOLESALE & RETAIL
THE CELEBRATED MoNTRosE IRON BEAM AND
THE HUTTON WOODEN BEAM PLows.
Castings and Fire Brick for repairing city stoves
All kinds of Brass or Iron casting made to order
Nf0 B, F. SHARPLEss & p. s. HARMAN,
Bloomsburg, Pa. Proprletort
Mar. 10, '69-tf.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
RATES OF ADVERTISING.

one inch twelve lines or It's equivalent in
Nonparell type) one or two insertions, et.So;
L,,r 90 iusertiona a2OO.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

VARIOUS WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
A ton of coal is 2,2i0 pounds; but the
retailers give only 2OO0.
A ton of round timber is 40 feet Of
squared timber, 81 cubic feet.
4 commercial bale of cotton is 400
pounds.
A pack of wool is 2i0 pounds.
A section of Government land is GlO
acres Il mile.)
a liquid ton is 252 gallons.
a box l6 by l64 inches, and s inches
deep, contains ! bushel.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
a. JACOBY

w EXCHANGE BLOCK, ,BLOOMSBURG,PA.
are agents for the sale of " Brockway's' Justly
celebrat ed Cream and old stock Ales, when they
W III sell as cheap as country brewed ales; whol
and half barrels constantly on hand. This ale
is brewed by William f. Brockway, 3l5 to $40
East Eleventh Street, New York City.
BloOms sbure. June 10, lS70-tI:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27

HOW TO LAY OFF A SQUARE ACRE OF
GROUND.
Measure 2O9 feet on each side, and
you Will have square acre, within an
inch.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
EXCELLENT INTEREST RULES.

EACELLENF INTEREST RULES.
For finding the interest on any prin-
cipal for any number of days. The an
swer in each case being in cents, sepa.
rate the two right-hand figures of an
swer to express in dollars and cents:
Four Per Cent-Multiply the princi-
pal by the number of days to run sep.
arate right hand figure from product,
and divide by o.
Five Per Cent-Multiply by number
of days, and divide by ~.
Six Per Cent-Multiply by number
of days; separate right-hand figure and
divide by G.
Eight Per Cent.-Multiply by num-
Der of days, and divide by 4j.
Nine Per Cent.-MuItiply by number
of days separate right-hand figure, and
divide by 4.
Ten Per Cent.-Multiply by number
of days, and divide by SO.
Twelve Per Cent.-Multiply by unm.
ber of days; separate right.hand figure
and divide by3.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1871-01-27
VOLUME V. $50 NO, 4.
Orangeville Directory.

A 4 E. w. COLEMAN, Merchant Taiiors and
a: Gents furnishing goods, Main st., next door
70 the Brick Hotel. vl-n47
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27
Netu'pork Dailp Gribma1e.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 27. 1871.

Presndent Thiers spoke against the proposed income
tax IN the French Assembly " yeRerday The Germans
- The Havana authorities deny that a Spanish war
vcsse fired blank cartridge at the steamer Florida.
All business was suspended in England yesterday.
The Grand Duke is the guest Of the Cleveland munich
pal authorities. The Arkansas negro troubles are
at end. Six men were severely burned by gas
explosion IN OIL City, Penn. - white desperate
shot three negroes at Christmas festival near Coving
ton Ky. - The ice breaking mp in the Hudson
at POuehkeepse. yesterday. =-= The Kuklux have
murdered several egroes In Missouri.
Tweed has been surrendered by one Of his bondsmen
and is hiding from the officers OF the law. Harbor
master Hsrt's under investigation. - ExCol
lcctor Murphy serenaded. - William Page lee
tur,d on Art" at the Academy OF Design - Ex
Judge Davies has been appointed referee In the Broad
way Widening case. - Gold. l0st. lOsl. lO3l
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

KANSAS had rough experience in her cradle.
and has been scourged with land speculation and
divers kinds of jobbery since; but she has
good ideas in her head Witness the follow
ing citation from her statute-bOOk:
An ACT Encourage tho Growth Of Porc stTrees
SEC. l. Every person planting one acre or moro
Of prairie land, within ten years after the passage
OF this act with any kind Of forestrees, and succesa
fully growing and cultivang the same for three years.
or one-haf me or more Of foresttrees along public
highway said be planted to stand ut the end
OF said three than yard apart shall be
entitled to receive for twenty-five years. commencing
thpce years said grove line OF trees has been
planted an annual bounty Of two dollars per acre for
each acre 30 planted and two dollars for One-half mile
for each mile planted to be paid out OF the treasury
of the county in which said grove line OF trees may DO
situated
The bounty to be paid long said grove or line OF
trees are cultivated and kept alive, and kept IN growing
condition.
That County Assessor shall not assess lands planted
and ncumbcred with forest-trces higher than the
lands adjoining Of the said lands being 80 In
numbered. (Approved, Feb. Is. 1861
Are there not other prairie States that might
wisely borrow this leaf from the Kansas law
book
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

It il probable that the mere statement that
the band of Col. Fisks regiment last night
serenaded Thomas Murphy carries its own
moral and affords all the comment required
by an incident in no wise more remarkable
than many another which has character
lied the history of the Rings strug-
giles in New-York Now that Mr.. Murphy
is out of Government employment, bis heaviest
interests are those which he holds in common
with Mcssrs Tweed, Connolly, Sweeny & Co.
1t is not unnatural that, like some of the more
conspicuous of these worthless, he should be
able to secure people willing to celebrate his
disinterested goodness and noble public virtue;
and this celebration may az well be passed over
with the good natured indifference wherewith
the others were received.
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

Election law and tho now Charter, published Dy us on
Tuesday last passed by the Senate yesterday and
wers sent TO tho Governor for h approval In oil prop
ability they have this rSceivod bis snaturc ana are
now law. Tho new Charter reoeived the vote Of every
Senator but two and tho new Election Law passed
unanimously
at is almost without precedent that such important
action involving such large reforms, and concerning
which there has such sharp factional Contest
should be attended With such unanimity one OF the
most singular things CONNECTED with the whole affair
seems to us the entire lack Of influence exerted by
the Union League Club, or v Mr.. Greeley, M their
accredited spokesman, even upon the Republican mem.
bers of the Legislature. II wout have been far TO
expect that 80 pronounced an expraon by that body
would have been Needed by at least pne Republican
Senator, but 1t seems that 1t was not
"AnOtber most singular feature OF yesNrday "orA
VIVA the final demonstration whchit AFFORDED the utter
dasno OF the OBrien World faction OF the Democracy
II was most lame and impotent conclusion Oh move
rnent which was begun with hgh-soundins prodama-
ffon and waged with an unwonted show OF vigor' Inc
result to that faction has been mof Illuminating 'ad
Unanimous defeat Recent political history does u"
record such another ,-
"Of the two cnactments we regard the new hiect'"n
law as tho salutay It strikes AT tho very roo' VI
the intoerabe evil which has hitherto existed "y
placing In the power OF the people To secure IN hos
Of the general WILL Hereafter, II the reSpo-
their duties we can fair elections II they 90 hot
they will be esopped Of future comnt To the state
at large the new bill il OF special Importance In tha IL
will prevent repetition OF those monstr0us rauos Wy
which the voice of the rural districts has been overcome
and its majOritirs nuliifcd
"The new Charter is very generally conceded To be
good one The vote by which it was passed ought GER
tany TO be accepted IA sufficient guarantee that II 49,
It is not to be supposed that the Citizens Association
and the members OF both Houses OF the Legislature
could be induced to sanction it, il it were not In the
matter OF practical Interpretation and Judgment OF 80
important and formidable document wo defer 10 the
opinons OF those no have given that close examina
tion which it deserves We have tho assurances or the
best men of both parties that 1t ia substantial and re-
liable REFORM and from the examination we nave Deeh
able to give inclined to concur in that opinion
At all events It is vast Improvement upon the old one
and II it shall be put in operation by Mayor Hall with
that regard for the general welfare which wo have
reason to anticipate. feel that our citizens VIII
hay reason to count yeserda work the Legislature
is most important and salutary."
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

that a civil service reform cannot. humaniy
speaking, be effective, while conducted oy
man under the strongest temptation to make
il ineffective in order to promote the
chances of his own reelection. Inc
journals edited by Postmasters. and by those
who hope to be Postmasters, uniformly evade
these objections, pronounce the reform not
merely perfect, but wonderful concession to
the unreasoning demands of the reformers
and pleasantly characterize the objections to 1t
AZ the mere snarling of soreheads. We cheer
fully accept the situation. and await the ver-
dict, after some time be passed, of those whose
interest is in good government rather than IN
wire-pulling for Office.
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

Az last William Nj. Tweed is added TO the
long list of Tammany punderers who are fugi-
tives from the justice they all fear. Though
it may appear that he has not fled the State,
"a Swceny and Woodward and his other
confcderates in crime have done, but
is hiding somewhere in the city until
bail can be procured for him, nevertheless
he is practically q fugitive, and reward
should be offered for his recovery. 1t is
inconceivable, az has been suggested, that
high public officials, as well as personal
friends, have connived at his escape; but
the existence of this vague suspicion must
impel all concerned in his detention to strenu-
Gus. exertiOns to regain possession of him.
This man of all others must not be
permitted to escape the just punishment Of
his many and already proved crimes; and if
he finally secures safety by flight which might
have been prevented, the strictest accounta-
bility will be required of bis bOndsmen and
the officials who were set to guard him. We
still trust he has not been permitted to leave
the city, and that be viii be forced by
public clamor and public pursuit from
his hiding place and committed to
the prison which he cannot now
hope to escape. 1t is impossible, as all must
recognize, to secure bail to the amount de-
manded for this man, who is now without per-
sonal credit even among the creatures he has
made and now that these abandon him to his
fate he had better accept it and fall at least
with some show of that courage which has
! long been considered his only virtue.
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

have been far different. Ship-owners woulo
not have been pillased and annoyed until they
we're driven to other ports. Decent wharves
would have lined our magnificent river fronts.
Safe and convenient warehouses would nave
received the produce of American and foreign
marts. Means of cheap transportation wouio
have been found for merchandise anu rapid
transit for passengers to any part OF inc
island. Good markets, good streets, and good
police would have added to the comfort and
safety of the people. Taxes would have been
moderate and the cost of living would have
been far below the present exOrDitant rates.
Thanks to the robbeTies and tyranny OF our
rulers, hundreds of thousands whose interests
are in New-York have been compelled TO make
their homes elsewhere, spending in other
States the money which would naturally have
been devoted to tho Improvement OF
this CITY. When scheme OF rapid
transit was devised last year. the mere fact
that our corrupt officials were Interested IN II
| proved sufficient for it's ruin; and the charac-
| ter of the men who ought to have taken the
| lead in the development of our local resources
and the execution of plans required to pre-
serve our metropolitan position has long been
so outrageous as to damn every enterprise
with which they were likely to become con-
nected. Under the Tammany blight, ruin
stared us in the face. We have avertcd a
great financial disaster by the overthrow OF
Tweed and his gang; but it will be years,
even under the best possible administration
of affairs. before. we can regain the lost
ground. Three things-noxt to honesty and
efficiency at the City Hall-we need at once;
a reformation of port regulations; a reforma-
ton of the docks and warehouses;; and the
completion of some means of rapid transit
from the business quarter Of New-York to the
| Harlem River.
New-York tribune., 1871-12-27

The Hon. Aaron A. Sargent the new u. s..
Senator from California, has been for many
years a resident of that State, practicing law
and engaged in extensive mining operations,
by which he is understood to have acquired
competence. He was originally Wing, then
Republican first chosen to Congress in 1851
and reelected repeatedly. though not uniform
ly, up to and Including last Fall. He Is now
about Is years oil. MIR. Sergeant has not en-
joyed the support OF tho Administration Office
holders and others constituting the cloSa com