Ellsworth American., 1871-11-09
Secretary Boutwell's Policy.

Secretary Boutwel's Policy.
Tine Relation 1f Labor y the Nation
f me ii,.c 81 a lecture delivered by >ecre-
fary Bnufv en- witch {, of interest not only
rum the matter il contain, but also a.
r'min. from j. man ia hi> position. Amer
~au- general remark to the end that those
0h" ln"N 10 labor organizations for sub
--ln'i-i aul permanent general advantages
.s 'he lat'"ring population are ia error, he
irne-ri- ,o 4y thar They should have
t..e- d io ,hc amount of Wages they .hall
Perceive for given amount 81 labor. The
question 3> tn the number Of hour. work
.i-ii GAS win vcrr likely be settled by ihi-
.r..--" 9i~>enf~ and - >"til"d that in some
particular pur-uiJ> men mav labor only
x huur- each daH while IN others eight
a'rl 'on NAV be required. Even il labor
r., and employers should cooperate to-
se.!4rg q certain par, oi the laborinr poo
pi. would be- cNciulci from the ursaniza-
lion and lcft {" submit 10 the question Of
20 Eduration alone can 80 ,.lcys...
men that the system of corporation in
business can hecomc universal Attention
VA also called 10 NJ tenure 81 Land which
question must AT some Time come bcfon-
the people The question j. why should
amy man determine hon land should ~.
used after his dca'h- Another evil touch
ed upau j. The power Of railroad, To- own
l. f.sr tsf tt.r rtrt ry,,.-... tl,4,t
nFi4'ihn "f their business. thus enabling
Jlom to store away their PROFIT, 80 that
th"v are not seen by the public when the
pIbli. Interest i - keep their compan!c-
i"r w hat They We're established and their
r4.e- - Fl" A. j. consistent with a fair
prom 4 oar internal commerc. i fif-
teen times a. great a, our ocean commerce
thi, advantage would be a mutual one TO
capitalists and labore-s. But the one -ub-
Jeci most Interesting 10 us on the coast Of
Maine j. water communications and th.
public debt, and concerning these Mr.
Boutwell, says:
A more important subject j. the water
communication with other couutri-s or
the one hundred and thirty odd steamships
'.i'c >dt4lii4 from our ports on the Atlantic
not one sails under the American fa.,
neither : any steamship building for Us in
ihis country or England. IL j. a humllia-
ting iaci-t,reat Britain j. taking possession
Of the sh';-huildiug Of the world-aUI
threatens oar South American commerce.
also. Wo facts loom up and must be ad-
N4lued. One i that wooden ships are Ia
De- buiit no more. aud the other Is that iron
sailing vessels will be no longer required
!o-,iay he ship-builders upon the Clvd,.
are VeFN far in advance of Americans in
sAli! and means OF building. Ii Is also true
that the art Of building iron ships on the
iaAes J. lar M advance Of the art on the
coast The builders At Buffalo are to-day
building propellers at So ton. our ron
i Zen Per cent. better than the iron used
~ the English. II the business was ot,c,.
established and skilled labor obtained
there would be 4 still further ADVANTAGE ,c
zen per cent. making about two-thiriS of
the diherence Between our ship-builders
and the English. Siill there would ba =
dinerehce TO overcome. believe that
There Viii never he another great naval
battle Yet We must sustain a naval arrns
h'ehi, but although may deceive NV self.
anu thihA our iron war vessels are larger
than they need be- we might combine In
ture naval strength with commercial adj
v4ntageS The government might enable
he merchants 10 build iron vessels Of two
or three thousand tons. 10 whose cost they
should contribute something. These ye.-
sells should be built so a. 10 be of service
IN time of war. Then an American lvods
ought 10 be established No doubt SOM.
relief might be obtained bv the removal of
duties: but If all the duties Were renewed
We should De Al such a di-advautag.. thar
"e could not put ship upon the ocean
In the past ten years We have deyelo,,.a
the iron interest till il extends over the
whole country. Wherever there is a mill
shop or lab0rer. there j. some persons
VINO would be unfavorably affected II the..
duties were removed. The government
cannot abandon this. or any other OF the
great interest. that have been built M m
the past ten years Neither can the gov
ernment DO anything TO injure the indus
tries oi the country or diminish the means
of sustaining the public credit. The mova-
nent Is fraught with more evil than the
efli II is proposed to remove Some relief
might De afforded by refundlng to shin
builders the duties that might be maid On
English iron imported for ship-buildinp. or
enabling them TO procure American iron a.
cheaply a. if can be got abroad. II the
money now paid to foreign ship owners
could De paid 10 American owners the Of
feet would 20 far toward turning the hal
II
| wish 10 discuss is public debts. The nnh-
lie debts Of the western nations bavs IN
creased in fearful ratio in the last twentr-
hve years. In 1915. they amounted TO 4:
$4,000 600. To-day they are not less than
$4,000. .0o0. .OO0 You NAV talk of nos,er-
ity paying the debt bot a nation i a whole
from g,'neretion to generation. and | am
sure If posteriiy could vote on il, il wmld
out'ote you. when you say that posterity
should pay this debt. you mean thar the
laeoring people shall pay the debt. Can't
tai Is always seeking 10 avoid its share of
the public expense. The poor are. to a
large extent. independent. There is a GER
tain Kind Of independence of the fortunes
OF poor community. Their propertv ia
never destroyed nor stolen. The macbin-
cry ef government is largely for the nro-
lection of property. The capitalists of the
world should not seek to put these burdens
upon the laboring people. Only about
S2,1O0.OO0 OF this vast sum represents puh-
lie improvements.
When you postpone debt you leave the
taxation principally upon the privilege of
doing business or upon consumption. In
either case the burden falls heavily unon
labor. Nor is it safe to assume that debts
will pay themselves. Public debts either
diminish or they increase. If you do NOT |
provide for and determine that the public |
debt shall decrease it will surely increase |
There are only three countries in the world /
free from debt, Servia, Bolivia and Liberia /
ISN'T il the part of wisdom 70 say that the
febt shall not be LEFT for posterity 70 H.
luidate? that We shall grapple with il at
'nce and pay it in twenty years? and TINS
each the other great nations of the world |