The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1871-01-31

The foregoing fac s Illustrate the practical work
have decided the fate OF our shipping interests IN
contest Of equal privilege, such as that In which
The report gives a brief historical sketch OF the
establishment OF principles OF maritime reciprocity
between commercial nations In this policy
the act OF 1879. which proposed to
all nations tho broadcast relations OF trade.
England adhered TO her exclusive maritime policy
OF Cromwell until the year ls49. 1t is clearly de-
monstrated that the object OF that policy was to
lions In the random trade pursued by sailing yes
sells The principal part OF our ships sought
were thus engaged abroad Tor several years. But
all THIS II RAPIDLY changing. Steam vessels are
saperse ing sailing vessels and they be profit.
ably employed only on regular ines between large
ports. Thus commerce is centcnng ut
the great marts OF trade, aud the ran
dom trade formerly pursued by sailing YES.
sells Is broken up But Us this random trade
VAS the very object which the principles OF mari
that In regard to steam navigation a change OF
policy Is demanded by The totally changed condl-
TONS OF maritime AFFAIRS The practical results OF
free shipping are simply these:-England now en-.
Joys almost monopoly OF the steam navigation OF
streng as wnen she overthrow the maritime power
OF Holland and made herself the commercial
point is that In our trade with Europe there ae
now 1873 foreign steamers engaged, OF which l01
are British ana not one wearing the American flag.
Liability OF Steamship Companies.
LetteTS Have Dccn received To-Day Dy the secretary
Of the Treasury from the agents OF the Liverpool
and Great Western Steamship line, the Anchor line
and the British North American Mail Steamship
Company stating that they have been notified by
the Collector OF the port OF New York that every
steamer clearing without full ana entire manifest
OF the cargo on board will be held liable to a fnc
OF $500; and TREY submit 10 the Secretary
the entire impracticability OF such clearance
without delay OF at least twelve hours
in the departure OF steamers after their
loading IS completed. They suggest, also, whether
some amendment OF the law or Treasury regula-
tons cannot be obtained so that steamer or ship
agents should be obliged to make correct return OF
the cargo laden on board OF any steamer or ship
cleared by them within fortyeght hours after their
departure or be personally held subject to such
which Should Be Enforced. secretary Boutwell, has
the matter under Amusement.
Fees for Certifying NTnnifes,s.
Directions have been issued from the Treasury
Department to the effect that fees FER certifying
maniess win hereafter be taken only the original
manifests OF goods passing from the United States
into Canada and back again, the original manlfests
TO he filed at the point of departure The two copies
Of the one sent to the point OF destination and the
other carried by the conductor Of the train though
certified to, shall not be cnargeabie with lees
Smuggling mt s IN Francisco and New Or
leans.
Special Agent Mclean, OF San Francisco, reports
the seizure at that port on board the Pacific mail
steamer Japan, from Hong Kong, China, OF 200
pounds OF opium. 1t was found concealed in fresh
water tank In the engineer department. He also
reports the seizure OF ten pounds of smoking opium
on board Of the same company's steamer plying be-
tween Panama and san Francisco. The sficers OF
rha Vraoa ao1aa Of ha for NP
smuggling by women, who visit parties on board
these vessels before their cargoes are discharged
ana secrete articles about their clothing to bring
ashore. Captain E!dridge agent for the line OF
steamers dismissed the three assistant engineers OF
the steamer Japan and the assistant engineer of the
Panama steamer, who were suspected OF being en-.
gagged in thus violating the law
The customs officers ut New Orleans request that
the hulk Of vessel be anchored at q suitable point
at Southwest Pass, near the entrance OF the Misss.
sippi river TO be used boarding station for the
officers Of the district and port OF New Orleans,
great facilities being offered to smuggers by the
distance between the present boarding and the an
chorage ground for SEES arriving from foreign
ports.
The Case of the Georgin senators.
The Senate spent most Of the day debating the re-
port OF the Judiciary Com nttee the admission OF
the Georgia Senators. The case was lot settled,
but there was a test vote on the minority report,
which indicates that Hill and Miller, the conserva-
tive Senator'S viii be admitted. The radicals were
unsuccessful at every point
Div sion of Texas.
The House judiciary Committee recently agreed
to report bill for the division OF Texas into two
judicial districts, the effect OF which, If enacted,
would be TO eglslate Judge Duval and The other
officers OF the United States Court in that State out
or Office. Judge Paschal this morning presented TO
the committee lengthy protest against this action,
and Mr.. Edridge entered motion to reconsider the
vote Of the committee by which they agreed TO re-
port the bill.
The same committee also this morning voted to
report adversely on the bill introduced by Mr..
Loughridge giving additional representation to
certain States IN the forty-third Congress.
The Test Oath.
The subcommittee OF the Committee on Recon.
s:ruction consisting Of Messrs. Porter. Epson AMI
Morgan, at their meeting to-day unanimously agreed
to report TO the committee in favor Of the Senate
bill repeating the test oath.
A Noted japanese Finaucier on His Travels.
ITO, Of the nobility Of japan, with large number
Of attendants, arrived here tonight from California.
Ito Is a distinguished Japanese scholar, who has
devoted especial study TO the subject OF finance.
He comes here to look into the financial system OF
our government. ana WILL remain for some time.
The party was very much wearied with their trip,
and refused to see visitors Tonight
Colonel FOrney's Farewell Banquet.
Colonel Forney gave farewell party at his rooms
tonight to the representatives Of the press Among
those present invited guests were Secretary Bout
well, Senator Sumner, Speaker Blame. General
Horace Porter and large number OF Senators ana
members
Collection Of Marine Hospital Dues.
The Secretary OF the Treasury has issued a cir.
cular TO collectors OF customs surveyors, or other
officers acting as collectors, directing that they viii
he especially careful that the hospital dues are paid
before entry OF vessel Is permitted and before re-
newal Of enrolment license Is granted. The moneys
W collected WILL at ports where there is an assistant
treasurer or designated depository, be deposited
daily to The credit OF the Treasurer OF the United
States On account Of the Marine Hospital fund.