The New York herald., 1870-12-19
Complications Of the EasternQuestion Con-
sequent on the Russian Declaration.
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ENGLAND'S APATHY IN THE WAR CRISIS
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Condition and Force Of the
British Navy.
The Roman Elections and Political Feeling
in the Holy City.
By special correspondence from Europe we have
the following interesting details OF our cable news
kilograms to The Ist of December.
THE EASTERN QUESTION.


The Russian Observation-Disclosures on Turkish
and Other Sro Ls In Cons,antinopie--The
B,a * SEAL Open TO Russia it VIII Also
be Open to Iurkey-Thc Ambition OF Rus
sin-The Danube Wanted.
CoNsrANTINoPLE, Nov 81, 1870.
The declaration Lately made by the Russian gov
ernment to the several Powers which signed tne
Treaty of Paris OF March 80 1885, the occasion OF
the conclusion o. peace, settling the "oriental ques-
tion," alter the Crimcan war, that 1t considers II
now as null and votl. has made grave impression
here among the spectators IN Turkish consolides
aud other stocks. The former ut once fell from
nfy-one TO forty one pasres Uhe nominal being
one huudredl and bearing SIX per cent interest
What is more surprising that this decision on the
part OF the Russian government was well known
several weeks 40, and reported by
your correspondent in letter OF that date;
and IL is only now that the reality seems TO have
penetrated the minds anu fears OF said SPECTATORS
The actual result has Dcen pane, or otherwl lse
'big scare" something hRe that OF the governmenr
autnor1ties OF Canada on their learning that the
Fenlans intended INVADING "the Domlnlon.n Divers
and various rulnUrs were also in active clrcula
ton, TO add to ihe alarm OF the unnated noodles OF
the B0rsa or Exchange OF Gaiata. Since then, how
ever. returning common sense has come to the sue
cor OF those having no capital to spend or effective
stocks to dispose or and wno only deal I'm ina
funds, thus turkish stocks have again been SLOWLY
Using: Ile story spreaI FAR and wide tlat this
and IL proved To be utterly false.
For Russia TO make such declaration Ia little else
than an Insult to each and all OF the Powers which
drew up and signed the treaty In question, and
amounts TO threat or menace, based upon the
troubled state oil Europe In general aud between
france ahd Prussia III particular. To the Sultan IL
is an act OF folly, laasmuch as, whatever may be his
friendly feelings towards the Gar and Willingness
to relieve him, OF that which he, very naturally
1eels 10 be grievance, ana even an lnniction and
an unnecessary offence to his amour prOyye II Is
Impossible lor him even to modify or totally remove
without the full consent OF all the great Powers
signing sad treaty.
The question amounts to tnis-Flrst, that said
treaty neutrailes the Black Sea- shuts up against
all vessels oil war; with certain clearly defined ex
ceptons In favor OF small ones, as much so as Lake
Erie Is closed to the naval forces of England not
withstandlng that she owns its northern shores
as wen as to those of all other Powers; and
to Turkey the right OF erecting fortresses on lis
shores, or OF constructing and mantainlnr naval
!orces .es N lts waters; Certainly the Black Sea
sea- ana not Il lake" and Is considerably larger
tnan Lake Erie; but both are equally destitute
Of any good sen ports, aud belong ly to two
world, except by, for Lake Erie tho st. Lawrence.
ana FOR The Bosphorus tse Straits OF the Bosphorns
ana the Dardanelles. The question, therefore arises
as TO The object and use OF naval force to Russia
n the BLACK sea, II not only as perpetual menace
20 turkey; anu even her lortresses can only be
Keeps up no iortresses IN the Black Sea, nor any
naval naval force. when ne might have BOTH and even
large navy yards ON its southern coasts. These are
denied TO him. as Wen as to the Gar and II the
tralizatlon Of the Black sea is, according
It must equally cease for the Sultan. Some months
II not lnueed years, must pass before Russia can
again construct a naval force in the Black Sea
sufficiently formidable TO tnat or the Porte
which, al the present moment is the fourth naval
Power in europe, and 1t would be scarcely reasona-
BILE to suppose that said declaration Is 10 te followed
up and earned INTO execution by large naval
force from the Baltic After the defiance expressed
In this said declaration to all OF the Powers sgners
OF SAID treaty, and TO England in particular. IL
through the Strait OF the Dardanelles can be lifted
out In Russia, and pass through the Straits OF
Gibraltar, without being noticed Though England
ngt n
tions against Turkey, the ocean and Mediterranean
would be her chosen element ana this TACT would
naturally oner itself to the serious consideration OF
Russia.
A request for modification of the Treaty OF 1856
on the part Of Russia woald, probably, meet with
favor and sympathy, while her declaration exposes
her plans and views to cruci3n The part even OF
those VINO ''wish her well" In fact, 1t is equally
as naughty and defiant as the Embassy Of the late
Prince Menchikoff, which resulted In the Crimean
war and the Treaty OF 1856.
mouth OF the Danube, by the possession OF the strip
OF land in Bessaraba on which once stood the Ia
nous Turkish castle OF Ismail captured by the IA
nous Suwarrow, and by the Treaty OF 1856 taken
from her. Will now again come on the tapis Not
withstandrng all her promises TO clear the sand bars
at the mouth Of that river. she did it; and her
tenure OF one side gave her claim TO maintain Its
stdtu quo. Since 1855 the allies have formed a
commission, ana undergone no lnconsderabie ex-
pense TO keep the mouth clear OF all obstruc-
lions, and this mas been effected with entire
that Germany. and especially the Auslro-Hungarlan
empire Will side now with Russia IN giving her
that noble river. Prussia viii not permit the
ambitious views OF Russia over Roumanla, to the
destruction Of Prince Charles "a Prussian Prince
now, happily Tor the Moldo Wallachians, regnIng
with much wisdom over their destinies. These
considerations, therefore, render 1t highly impro-
bable thai an entente between Russia ana Prussia
will be made to the disadvantage OF Turkey, and the
well known policy OF Austria In favor OF the latter,
and her own seli-preservatlon on tie Panslavc
question. casts their destinies together In the East
As to war between Turkey and Russia at the pre-
sent time, and account OF said treaty, one be-
leves 1t Tor moment. The tnreadbare story or the
suffering Christian population OF Turkeyn cannot
well be got up again by Russia, after all the re-
forms erected here by tie Sutan's government and
che total absence OF any acts which To base such
ar absurdlty. What other story may be got up,
however, remains to be seen. Qut CtrrG UeYra.