The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-02-22

ChambeBo comes between the Two, and sup
plies almost all that was wanting TO make the
union between the Kassavi and the Albert
Nyanza a demonstrable fact.
In the first place, DIR. Livingstone has ascer-
tanned that the Chambeze, the New Zam-
besi" of some of our maps, whose sources
have been discovered by him between 10
and 12 deg. south latitude, does not commu-
nicate with the more southerly river Zam-
besi, but has its separate course northwards.
Such being the case, the Chambeze must be
the upper course either of the Kuanoo
(ConRol or of the Nile. 1t is also a fact,
established by the Scottish traveller, that the
bed of the Chambeze possesses an absolute
elevation Of only 5000 feet. But it being
likewise q fact that the water parting in the
west, in which are the sources of both the
Kuanpo and the Zambesi, is much higher than
5000 feet; and it appearing further that this
water-parting continues northwards along the
twentieth meridian or thereabouts, as it is
approximately marked on my maps of ''The
Basin of the Nile" of 1S49, 1859, and 1864
for the great lake discovered on the Equator
by Signor Piaggia has an elevation of 1000
or 5000 feet, and Is therefore on the eastern
slope of that r-parting-it becomes phv-
sically impossible for the Chambeze to ioin
the Kuango, or any other river of the west
coast of Africa; SO that it can only ioin the
Nile.
Further, DIR. Livingstone has asoertained
that the Chambeze, after passing through
several lakes and taking the names, first of
Luapula, and then of Lualaba, flows in n
north-northwest direction to Ulenge, in the
country west of Lake Tanganyika, and that
the waters of Ulenge are then all gatheredup
by the Lufra, large river that by means of
various continents drains the western side of
the great valley plain south of Tanganyika,
as the Chambeze drains its eastern side; and
he was informed that the Lufra then flows on
into Lake Chowambe, which he first believed
to be identical with Bakers Albert Nyanza,
but now imagines (if read his last report
correctly to be ''an unvisited lake west or
southwest of Ujiji"
This river Lufira the traveller did not see,
but it was pointed out to him on the eleventh
parallel of south. latitude as being there 80
large as never to be passableexce in canoes,
which proves that it must come from q con-
siderable distance south of that parallel. 1t
might reasonably be contended that the
Lufra is the lower course of the Kassavi.
But my impression (Which still may be erro-
neous) is that it is a separate river, running
halfway between the Kassavi and the Cham
beze. From the position, however, which,
under any circumstances, the Kassavi
assumes, with it's course explored by l.. Mag
var northwards as far as deg. 30 min. south
latitude, whilst the Lu6ra, on its side, is
shown by DIR. Livingstone to come from be-
yond the eleventh parallel, it is manifest that
even if these two rivers do not fall immedi-
ately into Bakers Albert Nyanza, the one not
less than the other, together with the Cham
beze, must of necessity join it and the Nile,
though at the present moment the precise
point of junction may be unknown; the Kas-
saw being not only the largest and most dis
tant, but also the most direct stream of
them all.
Such being the case, 1 feel myself justified
in affirming that this river, the Kassavi or
| Kassai, is the head stream and upper course
| of the Nile of Egypt; that its principal
sources are in the primeval forests Of Olo-Vi-
henda and Djikoe or Kibokoe on the Mos
samba Mountains. which are now shown to be
'the great hydr0phyldctum of the continent
of Africa, the central point Of division be.
tween the waters flowing to the Mediterra.
mean, to the Atlantic, and to the Indian
Ocean" ('Journal of the Royal Geographical
Society,"" vol. xvii, p. S2) as also to Ngami
or some other inland lake; that the approx
mate position of this, the true Caput MI, is
between II degrees 80 minutes and 12 de.
grees south latitude, and In about 1S de-
grees or 10 degrees east longitude nearly
due east of the port of st. Philip of Benguele
on the west coast of Africa, and within 800
geographical miles of the Atlantic Ocean; and
that this marvellous river, the largest in the
world, is thus found to stretch across forty.
three degrees of latitude, or, if measured
diagonally, over one-eighth part of the entire
circumference of the globe. And, in affirm.
ing this, have the qualification of being able
to say, on behalf of my native country, the
country of all the Upper Nile explorers-Bur
ton, Spoke, Grant, Baker and Livingstone
that though through past ages it has beer
said
| Null contingit gloria gent
Ut Milo sit l9ta suo-
this can now be said no longer.