The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-09-15

100 miles in length and varying in breadth from
1S to so miles, the coast line being about 160
miles in length, and divided nearly equally by
the outlet to the Tiber. This strip of territory
has an area of 1852 square miles, and at the
latest accounts a population of 123, ,121. The
province of Comarca, which Immediately sur
rounds Rome, contains nearly half of the whole
population, the population of the city of Rome
itself in 1868 being 217,37S. The physical
aspect of the country is mountainous ex-
cept on the seacoast, where it is
fat and marshy The soil is naturally possessed
of great fertility, but it is cultivated in such
primitive way as to render it almost worthless.
The principal productions are grapes, olives,
silk rice, tobacco, corander, anise seed, mama,
sugar cane, indigo, and cotton. Live stock is
abundant especially goats and sheep, their
principal value being for their milk. There is
but one short railroad in the territory, and the
ordinary highways, being in a wretched condi-
tion, are great drawback to enterprisng and
successful agriculture.
The Papai Government.
The Papal Government is best described by
the term patriarchal, the Supreme Pontiff being
the absolute sovereign, whose will is law, but
who never takes any measures of Importance
without consulting the leading members of his
large family. Previous to 1847 all the important
to the prelacy, but since then some of them have
been thrown open to the laity. While the Pope
theoretically enacts all laws and nominates the
incumbents of all high positions, the executive
and legislative authority is practically exer-
cised by the Cabinet, which is composed of the
heads of the six departments into which the
general administration of the Government is
divided. The names of the Ministers, with the
dates of their appointment, are as follows
Secretary OF State and President of the Ministry
Cardinal Giacomo Antonell appointed in 1S49.
Department of Finance-Giuseppe Ferrar, ap-
pointed December 1, 1854.
Department of the Interior-Augusto Negroni,
appointed February s, 1865
Department of fWar-Brigadier-General Hermann
Kanzler, appointed October 2S 1865.
Department of Commerce, Arts, and Public
Works-Cardinal j. Berardi, appointed in April,
1865.
Department of Police Lorenzo Randi, appointed
President of the Council of State-Cardnal Theo-
dolpho Mertel, appointed in 1868.
The revenue of the Government for 1868 was
about $5,S00,000 the expenditures about
$14s00,000, leaving an ugly deficit of
$9,0O0,000 or nearly double the amount of the
annual revenue. The public debt, in 1867, re-
presented capital of about $149,6O0000, with
an annual rente or interest of 81, 900, an
enormous sum, when compared to the resources
of the country. By convention concluded on
December z, 1866, the Italian Government
agreed to pay into the Papal treasury
81, 12S, ,45S and to assume an annual rente or
interest payment on the debt of SO, 725, ,555.
The Papal army, according to the official sta
tistics of 1869, was composed of 1884 officers
and men, made up as follows-
Italians. .S240 Germans ns.........1l54
French ............ 1880 Anstrisns. IS
Begians ............ 6IS SpaniardS. ......... az
Dutch. ...............T1 T13 Americans and Brazil
Swiss .......,...... go lians. ..... q
In addition to these forces there was at that
time corps of Zouaves composed of 4342 sol
diers, embracing in its ranks 230 Italians, 1911
Frenchmen, 1898 Dutch, and 233 Canadians
Up to the Sth of August there was also at the
disposal of the Holy Father for defensive pur.
poses the French garrison of about 5000 men
These have now been taken from him, and the
French soldiers in his regular army have also
recently been taken back to France, leaving his
disposable force, on paper, at 16,435. These
| figures are confirmed by the cable telegrami
which place the present Papal army at about