The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1870-05-19

than they can be produced in country where
great part of the six working months are ap-
propriated to raising supplies for man and beast
for the remaining portions of the year:
Our operatives are admitted to be remarka-
bIy frugal, industrious, easily taught and con.
trolled, and we have an unemployed class OF
MANY thousands from which to draw In the f1-
ture. The North and Europe will contribute
largely in operatives whenever there Is DE.
mand for them, and thus manufacturing Will
advance immigration.
The English, in manufacturing, mix India
and other inferior ctttuns with the. American,
while we use the best staple the world produces.
The consequence is that where our goods have
been introduced abroad they are preferred to the
English. The foreign manufacturer has been
known to brand his goods-drills, for instance
--as American.
Your Committee have had before them care.
fully compiled statements, showing the cost 9g OF
manufacturing cotton North and South. They
are fully satisfied that yarns can be mandfac'
tured here, transported to the North, pay a q
commission of five per cent. for selling, be sold
at the cost of Northern production, and yet y1eld
a net profit of five cents p II. And that Ger.
tain classes of colored goods can be produced
here and in the North, ct the cost OF produc-
| ton of similar goods there, and yet yield a
profit of over ten cents p fb.
English manufacturers have admitted, after
inspecting the books of some of our Southern
factories; that we produced yarns more cheaply
than they did. To test this admission the Sa-
luda Factory of this State, sent in April, 1869,
through the house of w. G. Courtney q Co., OF
Charleston. some packages of their No. 20 yarn,
to Manchester, England. These yarns sold at
16d. which, at the then rate of gold and ex-
change, was equal to 432 cents currency here.
The total cost of the yarns, including freight,
insurance, commission on sales, &C.. was o9t
cents, leaving net profit of Al cents p 10.
In support of the positions assumed, your
Committee direct attention to the great success
of the Augusta, Graniteville and other factories
in manufacturing plain goods, of the Columbus,
Almance and other factories in making colored
goods. and the Saluda, Roswell and other fac
tories in spinning and warping fine yarns with
profit at q time when manufacturing at the
North and in Europe has been languishing and
unnroftable. In further confirmation the fol-
lowing extracts from letter written by promi-
nent manufacturer at the North is submitted {:
"While have only met expenses in the
North in running twenty frames-about o,OOO
pindles-the returns have from sixteen frames
Of the same machinery in Georgia for the last
six months have been $4,000 clear profit.
Our company has determined to sell out their
machinery" X X "The South enjoys the
advantage of not less than twenty per cent over
the North in manufacturing"
The writer of this letter has since moved
South, and his cotton mill at the North Is per-
manently closed. -
A large number of Northern cotton mills
are idle: Many of those in operation have re-
Gently reduced the wages of their hands, and
some are running on short time; machinery Is
being transferred to the South, and skilled la
Dor and capital is beginning to follow. Eng
land is losing her monopoly: France and
Germany are yearly importing less of her yarns
and manufactured goods Her manufacturers
are becoming alarmed, and her operatives are
turning their eyes in this direction. There can
be no doubt that we will before long supply the
North and to some extent the West and East
Indies. China South America and Mexico with
manufactured goods and export yarns to the
continent of Europe and ultimately to Eng
land.
Few realize how rapidly manufacturing has
increased in the United States.
The first cotton factory on the Arkwrlght
principle was erected in Rhode Island In 1880.
In 1872 there were 33 mills in Rhode Island
and 20 in Massachusetts,, turning In all 4o,o0o
spindles-an average of about 90O to the mill.
In 1850 there were in the United States
2,5OO0OO spindles, in 1868 over six millions,
showing an increase of over three and half
millions in Is years-almost exclusively in the
North-the South having in the latter year on
" about 100000
The wages paid to the factory operatives m
1898 was over thirteen millions. In 1848, over
twenty-seven millions an increase OF lOO per
cent. in ten years.
The increase in the South must, hereafter, be
far more rapid than it has been North. -
Attention is already directed to our country
as the proper field for the cotton manufacturer.
Indeed. We believe no astute business man will
engage in it elsewhere, and within few years
most of those already employed at the North
in this branch of industry, will, as some are
doing now, dismantle their mills and either
move South or engage in other branches OF
manufacturing.
It cannot be long before machinery for work
ing long staple will beintroduced; and Savannah,
Charleston and Wilmington, with their faclli-
ties for procuring cheap coal, will vie with each
other in the manufacture of our sea island cot
ton; and soon the busy hum of the spindle will
be heard on every water-eourse from Virginia
tu Texas.
1t is the belief of your Committee that the
planters may, with profit to themselves, ai9 IN
producing this result, by combining together in
Joint stock associations, and erecting cotton
mills of sufficient capacity to work up their cot
ton crops. These mills should be managed, not
by the planters themselves, but by experienced
and capable business men, who will give them
their undivided attention, with experts in
charge of the mechanical departments. Man
ufacturing comprises so many details, that Its
successful prosecution requires the most care
full and systematic management. With all our
advantages, inattention to details and careless
management cannot but produce loss.
From two and one-half to three millions OF
dollars would be added to the value of our cot
ton crop, if we were to manufacture it into
yarns and woven goods. Of this, large amount