davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

TIE W00ther nc Son-Marino Disaster.
LIVERPOOL, March 10, 1870.
vessel arrived here to-day which reports having
spoken the bark Neptune the 18th inst Her cargo
had shifted and it had been found necessary TO
throw large part OF 1t overheard.
lihls was probably the bark Neptune, Captain Git
tens, from New York, January g. for Queenstown,
although the Neptune, Captain Edwards, from
Savannah, February IL, for Cork, Is still at seal
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
Central American Finance.

LONDON, March 10, 1870.
The contract for the construction OF the Honduras
Railway was signed here on Thursday. The work
Is to be begun within year.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
PromInent Depnrture..

Lieutenant Commander Wilson. for Boston; r.
Howard Warren for Philadelphia; w. r. Robeson.
for Washington; Colonel Dawson, for Utica; Coionsa
Lancaster, for washington, and DIR. r Carter, for
Baltimore
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

H1OK~DOF
Among the sporting men the odds are against the
Cambridge crew IN the coming race with the
OXt0rds.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

Ingram 81 Son, importing Tailers, so Fulton
street. Nsw YoreAl fashionable shades OF spriAk Over
coangs and hne TroHssrngs made order at tha o~sss
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

DOn,t Fail 20 Sec the Great Bargains In
Watches Gold Chains, Jewelry Dlanoads GEO. G.
ALIENS AIS Broadway, ono door below CAaa street. wl
remove 59 broadway, undsr st. ktchoaa Aotsl May
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

A.-SuTbrua's Peculiar Smoking Tobacco the
best. l6l Fulton street, two doors from Broadway.
Poor Ham II Detestnbie.
Dutnsld Ham
makes dish for King,
GEORGE e. PARKER,
~ ass " ashngton stfcet,
wholesale Agent
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

A.-Triplc Silverpiated Ware at Very Low
prices. J.F. cURRAN 4 o., 10 John street
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

Royal Havana LHttery.-Prixes Paid " Geld.
Information fustshed The hghss Tor Dousaoo"a
and all kinds IL Gold aud Silver. -
TAYLOR 4 CO. Bankers, Is Wall stree.. y. Z.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
n. olivier and the Academy.

WI. olivier and the Academy.
PARIS, March 10, 1870.
N. Emile olivier Is candidate for the Academy
OF France
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
Death Of n Colonial Bishop.

The Bishop OF Barbados died to-day at mis- nome
in Western England.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
The Prosecutors.

n. Gambetta and other lawyers are spoken OF as
the advocates Of the family of Victor Nor, whose
father and brother will demand damages as civil
plaintifs In the trial of Prince Pierre Bonaparte.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
The Prisoner.

Prince Pierre Ponaparte, the prisoner, now afty-
nve years Of age. Is corpulent man, above the
middle height, and wearing heavy moustache and
imperial He walks with dihicuty, from hay-
ing gouty feet. Having been long in the Foreign
Legion he has all the air OF military
man. During his military career he gave frequent
proofs OF courage and Of energy. His marriage, in
1868, at Epeux, q property he owns In the Arden
mes, made some noise, his wife being the daughter
OF workman In FanD0urg st. Antoine. That union,
however, egitimatized son OF twelve years OF age
and daughter OF four. At the present moment the
Prince Is IN mourning for the death OF his father
law.
the Princes appearance in prison was specially
reported In the HERALD q few days since.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

The High Court OF Justice OF, France has been
assembled five times since Its by the Con-
stituent Assembly-namely, twice at Orleans, in
1701; drst to Try the different persons compromised
In tho night TO varenDss. and then for the prosecu.
ton OF the Ministers and Courtiers OF Louis XVII
accused OF maintaining secret Intelligence with the
princes ewho had taken refuge at Cobentz; once at
Vend6me, in An w., for the Judgment OF Babeuf
and his acc0mpices; then at Bourges in 1s49 on the
occasion OF the attempt OF May 15 1S4S; and lastly
At Versailles In the same year. for the trial OF the
c0nspirators engaged in the plot OF June Is.
The Jury-Military HOn0rs to the Judges and
Jury.
The jurors for the High Court OF Justice have been
drawn by lot In the various Councils General.
The ceremonial ordered by the French Minister OF
War for the honors to be paid to the judges jury
men st Tours is as follows:-
The commander OF the gendarmerie at the head
OF the brgades, will advance o hundred Yards from
the town to meet the President OF the Court and Will
escort him to his residence Tie same mark OF Sc
spect will be paid at his departure During the whole
time that the Court shall sit President is to have
guard OF twenty-five men, commanded by an OIL
Ger, ana two sentries at his door. In the absence
OF the general commanding the subdivision, the
senior colonel, accompanied by deputatiOn. shall
attend all occasions OF ceremony IN full uniform
When the High Court goes out in body IL will have
guard OF honor OF 100 men commanded by supe-
sOr Ofcer; the posts before which 1t passes with It's
escort shall present arms with beat OF drum.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
Departure Of the Captain of the
Bombay from Yokohama.
Insolence of the English Towards the
American Minister to japan.
PONTIFICAL HIGH MASS IN ROME.
Phenomenon in the Harbor Of st.
John, ~. ,.
FRANCE.

rrinco Pierre BOnaDarte's TriaI-C0nvocution
Of the High C0urt-Scene In the City Of
Tours.
PARIS March 10, 1870.
The High Court for the trial OF Prince Pierre Ma
poleon Bonaparte for the homicide OF Victor Nor
commenced to convene at Tours yesterday.
The Princess Bonaparte and her children have
already arrived there.
An enormous crowd OF people collected around
the railroad depot to the distinguished visitors
The city is crowded with strangers
The New York herald., 1870-03-20


The Journal 0Dtcel, Of Paris, publishes the follow
ing ds0ree:-
Napoleon. by the grace OF God and the national
WILL Emperor OF the French.
To all present and to come.
Upon the proposition Of our Keeper OF the Seals
Minister OF Justice and Religion,
We nave decreed and do Decree
Ftrst-The Chamber OF Judgment OF the High
Court OF Justice Is convoked Tor Monday, March 81
1870, at eleven O'Clock OF the morning. at the Palas
os Justice Of the city OF Tours department OF Indre
ct Loire
Seoond-Councior Glandaz VIII preside over the
high Court Of Judgment The functions OF Pro-
cureur General TO the High Court Will be exercised
~ u. Grandperret. Procureur General OF the Impe-
Lial Court OF Paris. assisted by NJ. Bergognie his
7n.rd-within ten days after the publication OF
the present decree IN the Journal Ociel the selec-
on BY lot OF the Jurors for the Hight Court shall be
made In conformity with the fifteenth article OF the
Sen0tus Cofasuatn OF July TO- 1852 and the sttings
ana examinations shall be conducted according to
the forms prescribed by the law.
FOtfth-Our Keeper of the Seals, Minister of
Justice and Religion is charged with the execution
OF the present decree.
lS10 NAPOLEON.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
Judge Underwood's Writ-Gcneral Candy to
Keep the Peace.

hccp the Peace
WASHINGTON, March 49, 1870.
1t Is understood here that Judge Underwood who
is ut Alexandria, va yesterday granted Q writ or
injunction restraining Ellyson and others from ex-
ercsing the functions OF municipal officers OF Rich
mOnd.
The federal authorities here consider that General
Canby win have no difnculty In preventing any
serious COnficy.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
LONDON, March 10, 1870.

The Universities Boat Rnce-Takiug tho
Odds.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

The Japanese Corn File; Prico % cents.
For sala nv A HUDNUT Herald building
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

A.-NTiddletOyvn SPRING Water Cures Gene
raj debility. Sec pamphlet. Depot 81 Liberty street.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
ENGLAND.
Parliamentary Proxress-The Debate ON the
Education Bill.

F0rItamcntary PrOHresB-Tho Debate ON eh0
Education Bill.
LONDON. March 49, 1870.
In the House OF Commons last evening, after some
unimportant business, the Education bill was again
taken up.
Mr. Vernon Harcourt supported the amendment
suggested by John Bright-namely, that the basis OF
the Dill should DO religious equaty without this
provisions were unjust. He objected to regulating
sectaran controversy to the vestries. The schools
Ill the rural districts be monopolized by
the Church. Parliament, to prevent this, should
settle the question on basis OF religious equality
Mr.. Mundella. member for Sheffield spoke in favor
OF the BILL taking the ground that the merely permits
sive clauses should be made compulsory.
Mr.. Hoare. member for Southampton demanded
the withdrawal OF the religious clause OF the bill
MIR. Jacob Bright Member for Manchester spoke
in favor OF the BILL claiming that 1t provided q
school for every child and made attendance com.
pulsory.
The debate was continued TIL the adjournment at
an early hour this morning.
Mr.. temple favored the project for religious teach
Ing, and Mr. Beresford Hope Cambridge University
thought the plan heathensh.
Mr.. Richard (Merthyr TydyiD charged the govern
ment with undertaking the religious sense OF the
people, ana Messrs. Bailey (Herefordshre and Faw-
cett lBrightonl opposed the bill general principles
menr and Mr.. Gladstone deprecated IL as having q
tendency to sunder The liberia! party He vindicated
the Dill IN long speech and elOquenty appealed TO
ana analyzed the ar guments that had been made
against 1t, and showed that 1t was not an imperial
measure and that 1t was non partisan In its char
acter.
After speeches1by Mr. Hardy and others In support
OF the Dill Mr.. Bright's amendment was withdrawn
ana tue bill read the second time.
The New York herald., 1870-03-20

vexl, Hattcr.-The Ii9htest aud FtQcst Re&s
Tor va oewins ssason, d ~ F0en aiEsA
The New York herald., 1870-03-20
The Assay OF Gold.

LONDON, March 10, 1870.
The officers or the Bank OF England have deter
mined to express the assay OF gold In thousandths
hereafter instead OF carats thus bars will be cal
culated In one three thousandtn parts instead OF
present.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27

Constitutional Objections to Granting Stnte
Aid 10 Rnilroads-The People Cannot Afford
any Heavy Addition to Their Taxes-The
Question Should be Submitted to the People
mt Large.
The following is the message OF Governor HOFFMAN
to the State Assembly veioing the bills granting
State aid TO the Midland and other railroahs:-
ALBANY, April %, 1870
ed eons.rucon Of the raj rsrcsa @ Of
r.: NJ srsSesss ssl q s!sa.q,y secu.
construction OF railroad Adrondack Company
tax upon people State lsrss :'1 s'''u ''
which sssS 1 "a s,i.s
bope receive from towns and other municpa
ties pecuniay aid, in the manner provided by the gen
Kind BEEN being msisri.y road
c mineral and 70 IN
timber For want q ability to reach our great
wealth pIspOr;A!Sn 70 is s6unaans though Sadsvs
sssd @ urges Ss
interested in and would os benefited BY public work
toa il n. unproduetlvs region: The
ss ss AGAIN sn US
the state In ns % M I s BE be made
ing for grants Of money from the treasury.
There s ;o 81 This s NOW 1 my
denney stated, being at the Of $IOoo per mile
fs1as 81
usasn as
@
Ss SS Ra%s m e
o. road at which 1t is reported to me, Will amount to
il viii be seen that these direct gifts from the Treasury
Sq Ss a. osn "a ~ hs he sIp o
poses OF the State government including our schools char
several bills have passed the witt, about
the same proportion OF votes In favor Of each cae will
cusvey upon own MERITS but that The friends OF the sew
projects combined their and their votes to-
two houses Legislature. and that without this coa
on q @ no Sns snS S them wOgd % proaSy have
local blls tha.f their proposed enacments all
the constitution. think justified, however In
regarding them, passed they have been almost s,mu&
being practically This scheme Of linked legs
to the legislature One other. the least stu
pending.
the
ton for conflicts with the spirit Of the Consitacn
vons sas ss s
entitled to above all the Others Of its superior
Others. E1peciiae that could not consent 10 this
s1 separately y re :s +
thu: s
cation Of their arguments for discrimination would
The that be adduced in favor Of
% s s Yds nss s s %
s s sSa as well S..n settled sa, an.
residens In which have already contributed largely
wards ,Ss complexion Of that nowhstsndins
these s e. 1 Be-
10 afforded those who support the bill for the Buaio and
The New York herald., 1870-04-27
THE INDIANS.

Dacotah Indians Becoming Troublesomc-
Hostilities Threatened by the Grand River
Reservation Bands--vig0r0us Measures To
Prevent an Outbreak.
CHICAGO, April 20, 1870.
From information received at General Shermans
headquarters It appears that the Brute ami Sioux
Indians on the Grand River Whltestone and Big
Cheyenne reservations, IN Dakota, arc again
making trouble, threatening to kill the govern
ment employees among them shooting down cattle
and subjecting the agents to all sorts OF abuse.
These savages number about $4,000, and are divided
into about half dozen different bands. Most
of tho trouble has been aud s now
experienced on the Grand River reserva.
tion. The Fourteenth and Seventeenth infantry
which have been ordered to the Of trouble VIII
reach there about the 1t Of May They
will not make any hostile demonstrations
against the brutes unless the necessity
demands it; but Gene al Sheridan says he
viii make thGse Indians behave themselves, and IL
they do not Will vlgo GUS measures TO put tnein
down The Yankton Sioux, in the same vicinity. are
peaceful.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27
PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE.

Prominent Arrivals in This City Yesterday.
George B. b axe. OF Boston; H. Pumpely, OF Al
bany, and p. Adams Ames, Of Boston, are at the
Brevoort House.
Colonel E. w. Eldndge, Of Chicago; Captain J. 8.
Williams and Colonel Charles Stone Of the United
States Army; N. G. Johnson, OF England; Colonel
W. y. Fish, OF Canada, and Paymaster G. W. Tracey,
OF the United States Navy, are at the Metropolitan
Hotel.
Judge Noah Davis OF Albion; General James W.
Sprague. Of Minnesota; DR.. Brands, Of Erie; w. p
Smith, Of Baltimore; DR.. G. b. Lndeman, Of Penn
sylvania; CHARLES SheniI, Of Washington and Judge
Il. L. Burke, OF Cleveland, are at the ST. NicnOas
Hotel.
Senator Roscoe Conking, of New York; Governor
Burnside, OF Rhode Isand, and ENG v;rnor j. N.
Goodwin, OF washington, are at tie Fifth Avenue
Hotel.
Congressman Oakcs Ames and Charles Whittier, of
Massachusetts; p. w. Leach OF The United 'Sia'es
Navy; Colonel wilds p. Walker, OF Maine; o. B. Mat-
teson, Of Utica: sergelnt-atArms N. G. Ordway. OF
Washington and L. A. Rollins, Of Pdilade phla, are
at the Astor House.
W. A. Thomson, Of Canada; A. r. Shepherd, Of
washington, and Mrs. DIR. Carnochan, OF New York,
are at the Everett House.
J. E. Hughes, Of Eng and; Otto II. Hasselman. of
Indianapolis; Il. A. Farnam, OF Phi adelphia; Mr..
Parker, Of Pasaic. and James L. Henry, or Detroit,
are at the Grand HOTEL
Paymaser Williams, OF the United States Navy; J.
B. Carson, of Toledo; ]. p. Barnes Of China; I. w.
A. White, OF Japan ana F. Bloor, OF Hong Kong, are
at the Hoffman House. s4t5f
Prominent Departures.
Colonel Lester and Judge Burnett, for Saratoga:
Judge Wiltsie, for Albany, Judge Bigelow for Bos-
tom Sydney Brooks Tor Newport; Mr.. Peters anh q.
N. Yeamans, for Washington; Colonel Patton and f.
J. Curley, for Boston.
Judge O'Sullivan, who sailed hence in the steam.
snip Mississippi for St. Domingo, is the bearer Of
5000 In gold for President Baez.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27

washington road can claim that AZ the road win afford
meann 0f transportation from extensive coal will
:ss ns e I'd sn$
s Srssd and DO now urge that she ros
sss 10. win ns - ssas sn and wx and ss s
the road win traverse meage winter
So o DE 10, Ss % S
!snne point 70 the fact thai they BY resolution,
s q hsy ss nos ss Wien Sss
SsS s:SA :y S point In hs s Of their
CS%psny L ssSs S hs they VIII make important
claim and that q the latter road the
grounds The friends OF the remaining b OF the now
The Legislature have made discrimination among these
rally have been about the namDer. They pronounce
Under these circumstances am assed when urged to
smnass ina. among them g ssslae BY my own action Ger
to decide 10 favor Of one and against others
upon any constitutional grounds or general principle o
.ss M ..ss ~ '
Lss.s.srs having pisssnssa these BIZ. me- p.s.
tons permit them 90 so, respectfully decline
tune deal carsle.:y lightly with the question
o. adding 10 the burdens Of the b new ta9ss Prices
s.ys. ds. cost h' s hPs qsu:: s
sns nSssyy Is' o. ns %s Ssh have mot ii
that si Wha.sver may Ss the merits q any o the pro
% 70 e S S
,Ss ss III Ss s % q Gs ss Ss
sn;ssr whether hs Of 4Ss sn a
their In my our e Sss
this be 90, present outlay OF public money
lsss
ss,s n public
vate business there times when s above all thngs
% winch all
the duty OF those who have charge OF the public purse to DO
have entered ing ssssisn the proprssy OF
sn1Ps a % the % s9
though b q great the general good {: :.,
@ no o The o hs
s.:s s.:. rSsS:l a,ssss d. ..a NIX
q the constitution, ausatiens abou. whiCh, 2
not Necessary Into The
ence Of the friends OF the several enterprises OF this knd
sissrIy no one q them % can .s:.sSs
sss
these G sosTs
less except condition Of the donation Of many millions to
The mos. practical and jus. to contributions
from The State treasury n Al o. an enterprise Ike this,
s ~ ss sr ana & as w hs ss n %
psSD: large. submit the Sas.on e e: e:
.; % S S rsprnsd without 20
ana PsSu
Ga S S ar . snd said n % %
ure Of those now under considerations would be much
faer to people, probably much for the benefit
of the enterprises themselves that the proposition should be
submitted vote OF the whole people the State whether
'Ai ss The Of til. o. of
State TO In aid OF association Incorporation but
also provides that debt be authorized by law for any
work object TO be specified therein the principal thereof
and approved Of BY the people. II this should be
the taxes for the amount by the
levied, as these bills PROPOSE almost immediately.
In all where towns authorized by contribute
money to lend their credit to railroad companes the
sent Of majority Of the taxpayers OF the town required
to be first obtained Is proper that, when money to
be given from the State Treasury Tor similar purposes like
the State
cannot approve Of these bills whole, and decline,
for the reasons given, to discriminate among them.
has been suggested TO retain these bills until after
tude OF the enterprises return them With my objections
my objections. JOHN 7. HOFFMAN.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27
the ESTATE Of Axsox suallNsAMs.

BOSTON, April 28 1870
The estate Of the late Anson Burlngame was pre-
sented at the Probate Court to-day for administra.
ton. and sworn not TO exceed 100000 IN personal
property. Papers OF administration were granted
Edward L. Burlingamc, the oldest son OF the IA.
ceased
The New York herald., 1870-04-27
Strike of Railroad Men the Ogdensburg
Road-Troublc. in Prospect.

f4 PORTLAND, April 20, 1870
row Is reported at the Ogdensburg Railroad, at
s andlsh. The laborers on section sixteen are said
to have struck and attacked the aborers on section
fifteen to drive them off. Onicers nave gone from
Portland 10 enforce order.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27
The GOVERNORS VETO MESSAGE.

Il. EuaENR DUNN, Clerk.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27

SsEs Tsp%Ss Fuller
La Mcrse IsnaIsn Lawrsnes Lowry Lyon, Maddox, Mar.
ns napH
sa s .s van ssssh Raks
Wood, Wright and Young-S2
The New YORK and Oswego Midland Railroad bill
was rejected by 80 20 "a; the Whitehall and Platts
burg by 18 to "a; the Buffalo and Washington by IL
to So; the Pine Hill Tunnel by3 TO SO.
ADJOURNMENT SINE DIE
Mr.. JACOBS stated that as 1t was understood the
legislature would adjourn some time tonight, he
hoped the House would agree to sit until the adjourn
men after taxing the usual recess Till hafpasJ th ee
O'Clock p. NJ. This was agreed to.
MISCELLANEOUS.
The bill to change Ge tune OF electng directors for
the Rutgers Fire Insurance Company was passed
The conference committee on the Capitol Police bill
reported mat the Senate had receled from Its amend
ment which was 70 strike & out The city Of Troy and
Recess until alpast three O'Clock r. II.
Afternoon Session.
AUTHORIZING INVESTIGATION OF CHARGES AGAINST
LAWYERS.
Mr.. FIELD ofIereds tile f0il0wing:--
during past years charges have been made
s as and IN s possSdnss before the
tesry Of prominent the bar Of this State sas
With he view or adopting snsctiye essaiion 70 project
suors and clients and punish professional dishonesty
the fairness and integrity OF members Of the judiciary
Resolved, TRa. the Committee the Judiciary be author
ized and required 70 investigate the following matters
and
necessary 70 enact additional legal protection and restrictions
regards the relation Of counsel client the
the law second also to inquire the OF
members Of the Judiciary with TO such exercise OF the
consttu nal power Of tho Assembly the may
qure. And said COMMITTEES shall have power to
time. acss SAID oomee .s desm
and shall have full power 70 send for and papers
The said investigation shall be commenced forthwith and
conducted with all convenient speed until closed and oppor
tuny shall be given all persons interested to be luv
henr that such investigation be conhded TO the First
judicial district OF the State.
After spirited debate the resolutions werc
adopted-yeas So, nays 81.
BILLS PASSED.
Authorizing the Atlantic Savings Bank to change
its location.
The New York herald., 1870-04-27

Mr.. PARKER on red resolutions OF anks ~ ihe
Clerk Of tle Senate Hiram Caklnsl w ich
unantmDusly adopiel.
Mr.. KENNEDY ofresei resolutions comp imenfary
10 Mr.. Henry Murphy President pro tenn. which
were M animou Iy ado ted.
Reso uli)rs " thanks 10 Charles r. Da,t ton, Jour-
ma Geek, offered by Mf. TWEED, were unanimously
adopted
GUBERNArORIAL vErOBs SUSTAINED
z The VETO mes ages OF the Governor were taken
from the table,
The We o II the Ca-thayc, Watertown and Saoketrs
Harbor Railroad A.d bin was sustained Yeas, %;
navB, no o.
Tle veto VI the Cattarlugus Railway Aid bin WIS
sustained. Ayes ~; noes, 2-AessTs Scott and
VOID
ADJOURNMENT SINE DIE.
concurrent re QUITO IRON the Assembly 10 adj
Journ sine die al ory minutes past nine O'Clock VIZ
/ received ana c0lcurrcd In.
After href. hut appropriate address from the
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1870-10-13

three officers, while three others were on
! horseback. As the Chancellor alighted
and inquired what were the wishes Of his
Majesty, the Emperor and his officers took
OF their caps, which example was followed
by the Bund Chancellor. The Enperor
then wished to know whether be conId
speak to the king. He was told that i,
was Impossible, as his Majesty WAS az
FendresSe. Having Indicated that he Was
un"1ilng TO return to Sedan, the Emperor
asked n here he might remain, and the
Count then offered him his quarters At
D2nehery, which the Emperor accepted.
W hen yet a few hundred pace; from the
town Napo'c con pointed to 4 yellow louse
ciose to the road, on the left side, as suita.
bic Tor hun. Bismarck considered ii toe
poor, but was told, Ga ne fllit lienp where
upon he and the Emperor uoun.ed The
OF bot one window, enc deal table, and two
primitive chairs. There they remained in
close conversation for one hour. In the
the Chancellor sent his cousin,
Count Bismarck BUhten, to look after
Moltke. \ search in the ncighborhood |
revealed nice little castle, Bellevue, at |
trcnois, to which Napoleon repaired about
three hours after his first meeting with the
Chancellor, { escorted by squadron Of |
as q guard Of honor. iioIe tue /
capiruiatiJn was attoIWarG drafted and !.
signed.