Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871, 1870-04-19

The Census Bureau is an extensive in
stitution. Gen. Walker, superintendent of
the Bureau, is the right man in the right
place, and be assured as far as he can con-
troll the census taking this year it will be
done efficiently. Had not the bill which
passed the House regulating the taking of
it this year, been killed in the Senate, or
rather been allowed to die by virtue of
limitation, the census takers in certain
districts would have been better paid for
their services, and perhaps been more par
ticular in obtaining a fuller census. But
there is, however, a bill before Congress
appropriating a sum for the taking of the
census, if it passes, that will allow the Sec
rotary of the Interior, at his discretion, to
allow fifty per cent. more to the Marshals
in certain districts in which the present
law TACT of May %, $780, regulating the
taking of the census does not allow ade-
quate pay.
The Census Bureau has already sent TO
the Marshals of the several districts pre-
/ liminary instructions for taking the census
which are per requirement of the law pro-
viding that each Marshal shall separate
/ his district into subdivisions Of not exceed
ing 10000 persons in each, unless the linn
itation to that number causes incOnvenient
boundaries, in which case the number may
/ be larger and shall also estimate the num-
1 Der Of square miles in each subdivision,
/ bounding the same. the limits of which
shall be known as county, parish, town
ship, ward or district lines, or highways or
natural boundaries, such as rivers, lakes, &c.
1t is shown in this circular that the num-
Der Of assistants employed in taking the
census for 1860, was ALI, and with pop
ulaton of 81 ,443 ,32l would average only
Ills, only little more than one-third of
the maximum number allowed by law
The Secretary believes that the census
which caused a minuter subdivision than
was originally contemplated will be found
to have equal force in the present enumer-
alton, and suggests that the Marshals shall
boundaries Of subdivisions taken for the
last census, but shall be governed with a
view to equalize the labors and compensa-
ton of assistants, and where any section of
country is distinguished by special indus
try it Should form a district subdivision or
| groups of subdivisions.
The General Land Office has received
from the Secretary of the Interior two ac-
cepted maps filed by the company in ac-
cordance with the act of Congress, July
p, 1866, and showing the definite location
of the Oregon Central Railroad from JEFF
ferson on the Santian river, to the south
line of the townships 81, south range six,
west, in Oregon, a distance of 124 miles.
Also submitted to the Secretary of the In
terror for approval list No 4, embracing
in the aggregate 9S,322, 900 acres, as lands
inu. ing to the Western Pacific Railroad
company of California, under the acts o.
July l, 1868, and July ,, 1854, and select
cd in the districts of lands subject to sale
at Stockton, Sacramento and Marysville
: California.
The very grave and important question
as TO whether or not the general govern
ment possesses constitutionally the power
to assume control of the causes of popular
education at least in those States which
fail to provide adequate facilities for the
education of its youth in the fundamental
or common school branches, has engaged
t the attention of Congress more seriously
! during the present session than ever before
The special interest seems to have been
: first awakened by the elaborate and elo
r quent speech of Col. Prosser of Tennessee
: on the promotion of education, setting forth
in the strongest possible terms the fearful
and increasing ratio of illteracy, not only
I in the South where such a state of affairs
: Is to be expected, but also in the North
/ East and West-advocating the necessity
of Congress providing some means by
: which popular education may be secured
throughout all the States. Later, Judge
: Hoar of Massachusetts,, one of the Commit
!
= tabIish L" National System of Eduction,
S its provisions, however, only to apply tt
| those States which shall neglect to provid,
: education for their youth, which bill wa
referred to the Committee for consideration
f and few days ago was reported to tn,
House, with the sanction of the Commit
n tee, and at the request of Judge Hoar, wa.
), assigned as a special order for the frs
: Tuesday in December next. In the mean
: time the House shows its appreciation 0
n the needs of the country by increasing thu
!, appropriation for the Bureau of Education
a from $4,000 to $4,000; and also propose
d to transfer the Educational Department o
: the Freedmens Bureau to the Bureau o
D Education. A few days ago a very inter
a esting discussion occurred upon the bill
i and Judging from the strength of the vot
+ by which the House refused to lay it OF
It the table, it will pass. 1t was advocated
Il by Judge Hoar, one of the most able an,
t, lucid speakers we have in Congress, and o.
e this question he seems thoroughly aroused
e heart, soul and mind. Also by Genera
o Shanks of Indiana, Mr. Arnell, Chairman
|. of the Committee on Education, and Others
1t The most effective opposition to the bill
:. came from Judge Lawrence of Ohio, who's
l. position on the question rather astonishe
e his friends, who knew him to be an earn
9 est friend to the education and elevation G
: the colored people, and also has Away
y been found upon the liberal side of ever
x question coming before Congress. Th
y Judge naturally felt some embarrassment
,e upon finding himself upon the same side {
,e the question as Eldridge and McNeely.-
lie The Judge does not think it right that ns
lie tional revenues should be applied to thu
j. purpose, but that each State should educat
its own children, and if any shall refuse I
E. do so, the national government should hay
/. the authority to compel it to do so, as
lie necessary means to the preservation of r,
g, publican principles. McNeely of Illinol
a. a member of the Committee on Education