, 1870-10-09


In 1868 took place the famous discovery Of
the human jaw In the dilurin1 beds Of S1Otilih
Quignon, near Abtaville, in company III b Two
teeth, and the usr1I-fa,li1g Elat
laiclet. Orea this jaw L4a flowed river Of
rrin1ets ink, but nothing very eertaia has
favcs Of its Authenticity; the English, porhapa
jealous Of the ''oldest inhAhitaut" of the
earth not being found i1 their own country,
still ehake Their learned heads at it. It may,
rerhaps. bo as well to etate. for the beut-
fit OF the unlessnea, that tue beds which
have been divided into i've groups.
corresponding to the zane number OF
periods of tie physical development Of the |
earth: tie Primitive Rock Lie Transition:
the sacoEd.rs; tbs IsI;,AsT AID tes Qua!-
tie present penod. Eael, Of these psr17as /
wae OF t1nn,cEse duration, r1"ce the genera
tfon OF 10th animals aEI l,lauts peculiar 10 it
radically perlEhel. Sctae iiie 1lar bc formed |
OF the extreme tlumness ot euc. a procrs: \
when We cops.der how little modification hAs |
t.ktn place in the race Of xniuals which i.e- |
lcng to the present epoch during it, e1Ist. ]
ence. Some seolcgi-ts 50. so far ~ to co5- |
t; nd that titn existed i'll thu Tertiary pof:od |
Dnt, evtn il he lived in tsle Qusr;err.ry, he I
will be Of al age which it u almost impossible !
to conceive. much le.a IL compute. |: WA nt |
tic commencement OF that stage il, the earth's
became covered With ice, on the one hand,
mailing its WY from TIE poles down TO the |
no=t southern lalitudes; and, OH tho other,
ceeceEdirg inta tho rlai1l. from the highest |
nlountains.. There were left only few
T'lAteau1, wEither men and animals could t2.c
from this deadly ct'ld. Which annih,latea 70
nsauy tpecies. u Figuier describes them all,
holn the Ilsb elk, the Lo1nB Of which are 10 |
aiaruiEg, to tho mammoth, = uoolty-hnired
ard manea elephant, carcasseB Of which have
been found entire and in good preservation.
On the coast Of siberia. s'It ia CERTAIN"
writes he; "tlsat c.aH existed iu the tnidnr OF
1hesn." Nay. more. duziug shat terrible epoch,
he vas just 81 mach man-thoush doubt
les savuge-as la il now: aud not at Ill
tarre IKE su aba or gorilla The famous
EaIrr. y tlus! ffoupG in Oen1nark), admitted
uu MI hsnds 10 HI, relic Of the Stone Age,
a!l more like that of the Mdcaets Laboon
than that Of snT gentleman WHO IL ANXIOUS to
claim affinity with II fcr nslf md raco. They
mstia flint hntchets and at1ow-heAds 1t thi.
earliest state uf human e1ihtence, and even
showed some taste for art. In that treasure
hole Of Auriensc, there was fonad quite N
ornamental tr1nket il tll4 tooth Of young
carc-leaE, perforated, ~ that it volid he hung
found the neck, parhal,s a. an amulet. aDd
carved into s1me 1ancifu1 form, Which Nou-
ri-ur Fignier (who gives uh pictures Of every
lhinG) believes to Re tie bead nf a bird. It
IL always permitted to differ u1on gan.tions
Of n1t, and it seems to us to more ressmb1e
tau.age. Still, there it il, perforated
r1aythitig, lying beside the boues Of the
casc.fsear, Of tho fur1ed and horned
rlnocerot, aud Of the great elk. T1n cave
iear wa. the first cf the extinct animals to
disappear. The diluriun-the beds formed
bs s!riitcd peliAts, md originating in the great
arrangement caused By what geologists term
.'1he inundntion: of tho Quater1arr epoch, :"
! al,a o,hers "she ilood"-doesrot contain nr5
trat cd Of the boues Of the cave-hear.
The favori:c weapon Of tho palGontoiosist
| is nndouhtedlr the flint hatchct, which be
| waves with unccaetrg triumph In the face OF
tie general renact. These hAtchets and tho
il!tt knives-frcld in vast numbers in these
arcicnt burial pl:ces-do not, 1t must bo con-
tessea. u. hres tielit mich resemble hatcleta
ard knives indeed il Was contcn1e1 that one
| II these ola-woEld eemrcriums was nothing
!cose .than = ratblsls-hcap on > spot
where there had hsen manufactory OF tlinss
fur f,''Es: hut it .s certa.n they were the 1u5-
| st.tlit'a FIR wcaronH and instruments be-
f"re n,etala wtre discovered. To III, argn.
E:cut that snch implements contA Lever have
leeu produced without metallic hammers,
Hr. EvaSs. IN EnEllsl geoloSi=s, u1Icrasi !
cu.:a':s ard cory;nciug refat, ,tiou- lie took I
| III tile and Gxet it in wop1e,, handle; hAv
irS thus manufactured . s:ons hammer. Ii
| made use Of it to chip flint little by little
! E':il hn succeeded il, producing Al: ova1
hatrle, similar 10 the ancient one before h:E,
1its scientific opponents wers ton:irced. aid
I al.eea ,c canttnt themselves with tho sar
| casa, tant this gentleman vas born after Iii.
siiss.
Iscn mnrl remarkable tEau The aucien
| ca:ulis arc toc Hoek-sEa;tt1s " hica have tee1
!a' ntified ~ tho dwelling places o
p.!,ritlve man. In various Darts O
E;:Uce, many specimc1a Of tLese e1rl,
set:leMents-ona eau scarcely call thom Re
:r"a'EIhave besn discovered; nero shelter
iEY places under some oyoTAaugisG rock
sheds. perhaps, we1o built tbore, all traces O
With Lave long siuco periahe!, but man ha.
left nort enduring traces' OF his prpseuce
Un tho left bank Ut the river Arcyron, foz IN
ssa;'ce, under the overlansinE brows Of tl1s
leuth OF tho pre. historic pstiod. aa we'll As d,
i:oet Of objoctr, the study of which has fur
1,iahed mtuy data concerning this epoch o
humanity The area covered by this shelte
y two huDjred and ninety-eigtt square ysrtls
Tie behes Of ile loree-shough these ar;
comparatively rare-of The OF. OF tho urus
| Ike elk. the ite1. aud the chamois. arc fouo.
thtte. all showing signs Of the action Of fire
Nas. ponds weight Of thcs shali-roaste,
luI'.'- OF the Fater-r1s prove that tbs
nop desrised delicacy formed fextur
in r.. primitive menu. lith benea are al.
sur i'll crest quantities and even skeleton.
: {! Z. Tuac!y traced upon fragments Of bone
-,1:,.rn- Reindeer horn WAS, in that stag
!. t."ns e4isteuso, all that iron is to o.
1lc'- alins, their implements, their otuA
,n., s., were MI made OF this substance; ant
H. II fayo;ite dainty Was the marrow Of tn
lo:g Lcnet, Which they extracted BY fracture
vi bout spoons. We are sofzy TO sag tha
Il rec aEeestora Of ours 1abor nnacr tba sus
l'ic:on Of canniba1ism- On certain children
! \ i,otts Of this epoch, found III Scotland, Pro.
esstor Owen has recognized the trace OF hu
, Elen teeth; human duger-ioiuss hAve bee1
Elected amo:g tho remsias Of cooking in th
: .roth Of the great bear anl MAN
! meth, ana a1ao Qster) in that Of the reiu
q, es. In a csvs in Northern italy was fouu
I 30 small sli1l-bone Of child, which haa bee1
!. carefully clea1sed and emptied to satisfy th
! 'nc.sliDate priMera1 TASTE for marrow. No
; TIC least trace nf dogs haying gaawed an
st2icr Of fcsst OF this epoch has Geen discoE
+ cred; hence. ii ii declared t1at these animal
Z hid not get tcen reduce1 to state Of donaes
a,1ty. It IL alec proved that men 1oreclothes
: ! ssrge number Of reindeer antiers have bee,
{ 1nTnd With certain cuts at their base whicl
'.icntly eon!d OIL: havo been produced /,
s2yiog the animal. Nag, these handles wes
u content with tho mere skins; tint sera
,, irse are ever, whero met with, which tho
ma: for Eesapicc The lair OF; aud bodkiu
- !-.i!:!tocs lrade Of liat and bone--exactl
" = -sn:e As are uo~ uted Ly the Esquimau1-
Il: 'enlng the different lHeces together. Ger
| yin rt,t.dcez boues also give evidenc
: 'Lat the tiuecy Hires Of that animal wcr
so for tlrcad. No. metal however. was %
OWE: besides tho ha.chet and the lint Init
5, II 70 "as 70 Weapon. The ornaments wcr
g., 'n.I ont Of the t,oth OF wolf, or tho boa,
1! PAT Of 4 ha.e's car. IN sono places W. i
sIta' Cmrorums Or manufactures Of d,n
. >'.'l0s. In the cave * Chalcux wese founI
.arlt twenty thousand Hints clinped ict
h1.sh Is, dagGe1s, ,.trives, scrapers, scraschen
al sress.ltads. MLitf1es hare been al.
I 'ct1Id made from the first Joint Of the foot n1
The :tiEtlecT. We ourstlv1., sa,s aIop5;euj
t.S:i :, have had tho pleasure Of yerify1p,
>. ia1t That thess primitive whistles act ven
wrll ftrhaps tae last person thar tle,s ist;
i Las cA:ou n,astotlon or his own mother, ta:
Thousand Eears ago. Ho tad certainly cater
dcg bones Of tlI,s sriu1al, broken bs tie han;
& mar. and tearing n.arlss Of having bso,
et't with knife, rlace tlat fact be5ond ares
Space, OF rather the want OF it, will no, pAr
ns 70 extract more marrow fsom thi
ttantiiul took. Else, we should like to ciy
10 unr readers peep at The Lscustrins dfyel
'tEso Of Swltzetlsrd Of which Mous1sur Il
Es...r paints An Interesting feature. 1t il no,
a's.>gether from the Imagination; eiuce no
oiH k1e the ioun1atiol.e = Of the houses Of ,hee
l';se aatets. hut their rery hahlne-ness hay,
b o' preserved And, curiously enough, thai
ti"sstv2tion to Us VAS caused hv their loss /,
t!icir p"ueEs. Some Of these lake cahins veI,
destroyed By fire: tic outsides burned 1t on5t,
but tho objects especially the Lelpel
Lp nets-could not burn freely for want o
sAsEon, hut were onls charred by the hest
I.ty became covered With aligLt coa:iag o.
s>t';.e ta5Iy matter. which prevented sheir do
. az. aud tell with the debris OF the hut to IL,
:o:tom Of TIC lake. ehere they his,
l*'is preserved almost intact. ,TIev &,
El.da Of Asx-for hemp had not get been chi
ils+to1-~itt vide ueshes. Dos,s, too. LAr,
az been ieaed Ip. in nost cAes, but hat Ii
sii. 10 perish OH e11oeure to the sir. S.,1,
ART stin preserved with care ia m,,sauus.
SstbboL in Love-
Mr. Cfi},lsnr xaa nj fl.stNea~7Yr. a.n,...;..