The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-02
The Jews In Roumsnia-Whas Are the
| Real Facts lw tile CaseS

Real Facts lw ile Cases
Lord Palmerston was eace asked by al
Acquaintance what he thought Of tho Schles
wig-Holstein question, since he was the onl,
individual living who had the reputation o
understanding 1t. "Ah! my friend, replied
his lordshlp, with slightly perceptible grim
ace, there was one other person who com
pretended that affair; but he is dead, and
| pom my word, have forgotten how the matter
| does stand"
| This is about the quandary most people are
in when they try to get the bearings OF the
various political and geographical subdivi-
sions Of territory known as the Danubian
Principalitios, lying in the southeastern part
of Europe, between Austria, lower Russia and
Turkey. Roumania or Roumelia, Romania,
Rumelia, as it is variously called from the
Turkish words Rum-Sa, or Room-eIe, meaning
vince Of The Ottoman empire, having, some
hundreds ofyears ago, sought the protection OF
the Grand Signor against the forays and
attacks Of the older date Hungar.ans. BAT
since 1928, although recognizing soft
of mediate sovereignty in the Sulta&,
it has virtually ceased to be y
part of his dominiOns. BY the treaty OF
Adrianople the Hospodars or local native
princes were restored to their full powers.
But by the treaty of Paris, concluded March
so, 1856, and the Convention of August 49,,
1858, between the European Powers, the
duchies Of Moldavia and Wallachia were
brought under the sway of one prince, each,
however, retaining Its special administration
and local legislation, and both together regu-
lated by sort of central commission, which
met at the town of Fok.chany, on the boundary
line of tho two prncipalities In 1859 they
became more thoroughly consolidated, and of
late years the whole region, embracing the
two former duchies, has been known by the
general title of Roumania, according to the
proclamation Of their union made at
Bucharest and at Jassy, on the 23d
of December, 1861. The reisning Hos
podar is Prince Charles, Of the house of
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS, and is, conse-
quently, an odshoot OF. Prussian stock. He is
known in his royal capacity as Charles L., and
was so proclaimed, with hereditary succession,
by the plebiscitary vote of his dominions, on
March so, 1866, and finally recognized by the
Sultan of Turkey on the ensuing oath OF
October The constitution Of 1866 is in full
vigor, and is administered, legisla-
lively, by a Senate and Chamber of
hAr ,f,o al tod To off h. ~,
electoral colleges of the various Districts
The superfcies Of United Roumania is 2, 1877
geographical square miles, and the population
about 4, $780, 600 by the latest official report for
1867. The same document gives an estimate
Of 1880 Roman Catholics, 29,040 Professionals
and 2O8, $50 Israelites, the remaining popula-
ton being Greek Catholics, with sprinkling of
Mohammedans. During the past ten years
there has been heavy influx of Jews from
Russia and of Bulgarans from Turkey, and the
rapid growth of the form or in wealth and in
fuence has been the cause of bitter jealousy
and heartburning among the older inhabitants.
The scene of the disturbances which have
recently been exaggerated by telegraph into
Wholesale persecution and massacre of the
Roumanian Jews, and, for time, set the whole
Israelitish community in Europe and America
in blaze of excitement, was the town of
Botuschany, the chief place Of the district Of
subdivisions of Moldavia proper. 1t lies fifty
nine miles to the northwest of the Moldavian
capital of Jassy, and consequently not far
from The Austrian frontier, while also near to
the river Sereth, tributary of the Danube
1t has about four thousand five hundred in
habilants and is quite noted for its trade fairs.
It enjoys considerable traffic in cattle, WOOL
wine, wax, tobacco and honey, and the Jewish
residents are particularly active in every
branch of commerce and amass wealth rapidly.
In the earlier time, and, indeed, until the
singular prosecutions of The past year, Rou-
mania has been peculiarly liberal to all sects,
and especially to the Jews. She afforded
them shelter from the horrible expressions
of the Middle Ages, as she did to the Protest
ants who fed from Germany after the down.
fall of John Huss. Article forsy-six of the
Convention Of 1853 guarantees equal liberty to
all Christian creeds, with the faculty of its
legislative extension 10 all other rites. This
extension was one of the glores of the consti-
tuition of 1866, as we understand it, and under
these dispositions the Israeltes have increased
in number to four hundred thousand souls in
Roumania in 1870, with one hundred and
seventy-six synagogues. In France, with
thirty nine million Inhabitants, there are but
one hundred and sixty thousand Jews, and in
the British Islands, with thirty millions, only
forty-five thousand of that unmixed race.
From these statistics it is quite apparent that
the Jews must have been invited to Roumana
by superior inducements and there cherished.
Hence the more surprising becomes the perse-
cution which, as the account given in our
translation from the Neue FTeie Prose- New