The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-11-18
TURKEY PREPARING AN ENERGETIC NOTE.
General Summons for Russian
Army Service.
Russian Marine Charters Declined
..a In England.
Financial Securities Declining and
Id Breadstuffs Going Up.
TEtEeaAms 70 the NEW Yusk HERALD.


Complete Text Of tho Russian Circular-Why
tho Treaty Of Paris Should bo Abrsgatod.
The concluding portion Of Prince Gortchakon,s
note to Earl Granville, communicated through
Baron Brunnow In London, having reached us by
eabie triryram from the point where nur spaciai
despatch was interrupted ye.terday morning, we
publish to-day the complete text OF this very i'm
porrant document. The Russian note reads as fol-
lows
PRINCE CoRTCHAKOFF TO EARL GRANVILLE.
a TzARsKoE SELo, Oct. 10, 1870.
BARoN-Tne successive alterations which the CON-
promises considered to be the foundation OF the
equilibrium OF Europe have In these last years IN.
dergone have obliged the Imperial Cabinet to ex-
anime the influence upon the political position OF
Russia resulting thersfr0m. Among these comprc-
muses. that which interests rs most directly Is the
treaty OF the lSth.30th March, 1855. The special
convention between the two Powers bordering ON
the Black Sea, annexed to this treaty, contains
an engagement on the part Of Rassia TO limit her
naval forces to uncomfortable dimensions. In re-
turn, this treaty offered her the principle Of the
naturalization OF that sea.
In the view OF the slgnatory Powers this priA-
cipe was to remove al possibility OF conflict,
whether between the Powers bordering on the Black
Sea or between them ana the maritime Powers. 1t
was TO increase the number OF territories called by
the unanimous agreement Of Europe TO enjoy the
benefits OF neutrality and so to protect Russia her.
self from OIL danger OF aggressi0ns.
The experience OF fifteen years has proved that
this principle, upon which depends the security OF
the whole extent OF the frontiers OF the Russian
Empire In this direction, rests ouly on theory In
fact. while Russia, dsarmed In the Black Sea, has
even by declaration recorded In the protocols Of
OF taking efficient measures OF maritime defence In
the adjacent seas and 'ports Turkey preserved the
right OF keeping up unlimited naval forces in the
Archipelago and the Straits. France and England
preserved the power OF concen rating their squad
rons In the Mediterranean.
Moreover, by the terms Of the treaty the entrance
to the Black Sea Is formally and forever prohibited
to the nag Of war, whether OF the Riparian Powers
or any other Power. But by virtue Of the convcn-
ton called the Straits convention the passage
through these Straits is closed nags OF war only
In time Of peace. 1t results from this contradic-
ton that the coasts OF the Russian empire remain
exposed to all aggressions, on the part Of less
States as soon as they possess naval rorces
10 which Russia would be able to oppose only few
vessels Of small dimensions.
The treaty OF 1Sth-3Oth March, 1865, moreover has
not escaped the attractions 10 which most OF the Eu
ropean compromises have been subject, and In pres
ence Of which 1t would be difficult to arfrm that
written law, founded upon respect for treaties as
base Of public law and rule fer the relations be.
tween states has preserved the same moral sane
ton which 1t may have had In other times
Wehave seen the Principalitles Of Moldavia and
wallachia the fate Of which had been fixed by the
treaty OF peace and by the subsequent protocols
under The guarantee Of the great Powers, effect
series Of revolutions as contrary to the spirit to
the letter OF these compromises, and which led them
first TO union, then to the summoning of foreign
prince. These events occurred with the consent Of
the Porte and the acquescence OF the great Powers
or ut least without the latter having thought it
necessary to make their DEGREES respected.
The representative Of Russia was the only one to
raise his voice to point out to the Cabinets that by
this federation they would put themselves In con-
tradcton TO the explicit stpuat.ons OF the treaty
Beyond doubt II these concessions, granted to one
OF the Christian nationaities OF the East, had re-
suited from general understanding between the
Cabinets and the Porte, by virtue or principle ap-
pllcable to the whole of the Christian population OF
Turkey, the imperial Cabinet would have had
nothing to do but applaud. But they were exclusive.
The imperial Cabinet then could not but be struck
with the TACT that 1t had been possible to infringe
with impunily the treaty Of 1855, but few years
after Its conclusion In OF its essential clauses
N the face OF the great Powers assembled In con-
ference at Paris, and representing as whole, the
high collective authority upon which rested the
peace OF the East. This nfracton was not the only
one. At several intervals, and under various
pretexts, the entrance to the Straits has peen
opened " foreign ships Of war, and that OF the