, 1870-04-20

blccd-co1ofsd. Such animals, Of course, can
not rec in bright daylight, and keep their eye
more OF less closed Tbs tspetuu seems Il
moderate tho darEsning erect Of Tho pigmen
l,yer, and is developed especially In the eye
Of nocturnal beasts Of prey, In Bsrerc in
aaum.t ons OF the eychau tho nnc blood yes
sells in the choroid widen, and can plainly b.
heen through tho 1aseza ID pigment
The re:ina OF net is the proper aight-e1ect.
ing organ Of the ego, aud ia = very thin, soft
and white mcdulla1y membrane, or tho spread
| ing Of the optic nerve in the r.osterior cham
Der; it spreads on the inner earfsen OF ths
nhoruid and extends to the edge Of the crya.
tallino lens, but Is fastened nei:hs. 10 tho
cLoroid nor to the viIeous substance in thl
Tostesior chamber
! AMACRcs19-
inability or paralysis OF this rct;na, No mat
Ter wlether produced by internal indau.ux.
ton Of the eJeha11, eevcre coneuAsiou of the
| optic nerve, ~, for instance, by the boom Of Z
/ Cannon, or : natural defect, ~ in some rare
| cascs, produces perfect and incurabIo blind
| ness, known under the n1me OF "amaurosis, !"
or "gutta Serena" Tho whole appA7atus Of
sight in such case has, perhaps, undergone
no visible change, except that the ego has lost
its eensielity to the 1ays Of Light, and looks
perfectly healthy In every other respect In
Cares Nlcze lie sctions OK tho horse raise sus-
picion, that one eye may bs blind in the WAY
mentioned, the fact can bo found out in the
following way: Tho healthy eye should 10
llindfoldcd, when the horse is in moderate
light or in tho dark, and tho width Of the pupil
Of the suspected eye observed. Then the
horse should instantly be led to place where
his eye is exposed to rays Of bright Light. II
the width Of the pupil remains the Same 10 in
the dark, re may bo suro that the eye is blind,
IS The pnpil Of . healthy eye Avaya will cx-
rand il the dark and contract in the light. A.
RAYS Of Light falling into one eye At tie s.mo
time will act upon the other in Bympathetic
way, probably produced by the crossing Of the
optic nerves, tho blindfolding Of the healthy
eye is necessary. To prove this the sound ere
Of horse may be hoodwinked in bright day.
Light. when the pupil OF the eye suffering with
a1nauEcsis will expand Immediately, though
exposed to the same rays Of light as before
Rcigning push or blow 1t + dubious eve, as
j. often done, il very unreliable method
of examination, for blind horses gen.
erally have very Auo feeling. and
nerceive The slightest current Of air
on their e-es. Il both eyea suffer with
anaurosa, md no other changes, such as
morbid contraction OF the pupils, haye taken
place, then both pupils arc enlarged "a much
- they would be in healthy eyes in the dark.
As tho Lorso ii perfectly blind, the diagnosis
ID not difficult.
conNEA.
The colnea is oolorless and pellucid MEM
b!ane Of An elliptic form, ittle more convex
On tho outside than the sclezoticA; consist. Of
tevera1 fine Amels, between which is enclosed
an aqueous humor-; contains = nbrous tissue,
| and IL coated on its iuner OF concsvo surface
! with y peculiar 1ne and pellucil membrane,
which screens the aqueous humor Of tho an
terror chamber Of the eye. It contains, also,
! very f1ne blood vessels, which, however, In =
normal condition, cA11y only q colorlesa duid,
but hold rcd blood and become plainly visible
when tho cornca is iuflamed. Tho cornsa Is
thicker in tho centre than at ita junc.u1e With
the eclerotica, It transmits the light, and, by
| means Of its convex or a1ched form ard it's
| unequal thickncss, refracta the perme1ting
| TaTs Of the ZANE, con7eTEins them in different
degrees.
|
saoa1sldH1fnszss-
In eyes in which the coEnca is too convex,
| tho 1ays Of Light are refractcd too much, the
| eyes gain TOO much depth, the horse ia neaz-
| sighted, and, in consequence oft, more OF
less shy. AZ spec.aclos for horses h4vo yet
to be invented, shortsightsdness sometimes
makes horse dangerous md difficult to hsn.
do; At least reduces his value.
| DISEASES Asp p1xa,suss or THE oon,R..
4 F1.uas sr,ccta f,r,, m ~ ron,,., an..,o
meas ~ he eorns, ~ nTax,ussa w. ~ ,1is,,.
eninr n,ccor;nu onaoua1 ~ a.. ,nraors h,,.
| nT betxaen tbe 1.mois s;th.- u;,h ~ ,.it,a,,, ~
| an ;nte,-npt;cv ~ W. coh,a;,r ~ ~ tot,a-
nd ,ra c,rsa, h. =, xio,s 1nt,aa,saa ~ 49,. a".s.
nal uonni1s ,rd otha- ;r;r-;os b., H. oo-,,a.
Inflammation Of the eveli1. AM, tbe coniunc'
! tin catarrh,,;c a7eci;cn n, Tho ron1nns.;v.
irritation or r,n+n.jcn ~ ~, ~. ~, 5;..-
r,1,cc1l h,ito,s t,,rnod n aso,.s,,.s ,..;H
bod;ca tb,t have come ;,to ,fs ara an, . .,1be,s
to The cornea, medic;nee and other s,,,r. A..
cIed At the wrong time and in crco.a r,o,h;i
contraction NJ thc orh;cu,ar nnnacto ot,
4 nnstnlona e1ant,,crn necn,;,r ~ tt,o INV
nca ,nsr a1so ha nent;onaa Produce, Nv M
tnnrn c.nsaa Int nn,r,ota, h1 ;,,1,,,o at.hl,
air. small nnstulas ann.,r m tho cornaa An;
annoy the horse . great 1c,l ,c 1on, AZ IN !,
rcnt in t,,e .t.h,e fut 49,. sow, IN ~ froa,
air.
I -.
hoonas OF tho cornear when but email Al
supethclai, arc Of no great consequence, nm
heal to scarcely noticeable SCARF. but becom
Important in different degrees, whe
extensive. DlsplacinG OF the eIte1
nal lamels. frequently produced b
the bites Of other horses, By disar1anged hal
terb having slipped over the eve. by cuts wit
the whip, OF by the casting or the rolling O
the horse On the ground, are very serious
leave blemishes always, and take long tim
to heal II tho wound almost penetrases th
whole thickness OF tho cornea, and at th
same time the eyeball il confused. go th1t til
lns1de lanels, not quito penetrated, Civ,
way to tho pressure, tie aqueous Luinor ofte
eaudes, tie eye shtsnks together and the crya
talAne 1eIs II pushed into{the anterior cham
bcr. Apcnctrating wound is always danger
ous to the cycsight, except when very sma1
and made With fine instrument, or q ehar
morn, anu "hen no lofel8p substance. has CT
eo .Ae >e4'Ni s4aAAioe1' II, however, =
Wv Ia4.o e'ne eoi'us'un oeeot1ea' OF II IN
~o1''u w uoe te!y Flnau' tne aqueous nuno
IOWA o"s' tnc s'6nt u LOST, ana mo eye hhs7nk
~ - so-cs1'eo 'nsh-Se. Al "oonos OF IL
eo1AeA cause e.taes united OF general opsque
ness anu olu'sa or ~hse color OF tho sapnt
ana Fomeames even e1udAuon in tho anterio
cn,Moe1' On me mafslas OF tho wound mon
Ut ioss s"cWne, ano frequently plain bloc
Vessels eAn 90 ooee1seo' ous Al these indau
MAJOR! Ptoouets asaPpea1, either eomplatel
OF pett'aus, 1tet the heaAhs, accord1ng 10 tn
importance OF inc wound aud The time 1t take
70 hea.