, 1870-12-19
TIE FARM AND GARDEN.

Report OF thc mmlxsisncr oI
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. App1aS-Hexs
Plants Corn ana Wheat In 1869
Value Of Stock-Stocks for GFaGtet
Cherry TErcs-mosc DEalua.
tsRn4 OUR AaR1cUIruRiI coRREsroxpxxr.]
..- CHAMPAIGN. ILL.,, Dec. Il.
Tbs report Of the Commissioner Of Ae.icul
ture, for 1869, ia just At hand. It presents, II
many respects, ! marked improvement oye,
tho series issued by Commissioner Newton
Commianioner Capron IL . man Of progress
and, withsl, sAkes very comprehensive Yiez
Of the demands Ct the whole country. Tht
Garden seed department hss been diapense et
With, and IN lts place We have vegetable, q slj
and foTer seeds from foreign lands, not gan
era3iy known OF new, and these saut to suct
parts OF the country IS they are supposed tt
be the moet probable to succeed in. Yer,
few OF the seeds that can be purchased It tht
setd stores even as novelties are to be had oj
the department., but comparatively new and
useful products are sought for.
An importation Of Ill the vell.knosu n,
rieties Of Russian apples ia now being dis.
tributed; and hare the pleasure to a:knowl-
edge the receipt Of the cicus Of some eighty
varieties. Theea will be grated into the tops
Of barring trees, and I few yeass will teas their
value.
Within the past four or Ave yeara there has
been demand for more hardy varieties Of tue
xolle for the Northern States, and for this
purpote the Siberian crab apples haEa at
tEtcted attention, but none Of this family are
ft for the table. AID, In that direction, must
prove failure. While We are rot over sau-
gnine that the coming apple ia ona Of these
Russians, We are disposed to give them !
thorough trial. The Red Astrachan, Duchess
Of uId olddenbuseh; :1a, Tetofsky. and oslin hare
TINT nu1ses5men and trce-deale1s viii
attempt to make speculation out OF
these new varieties. but the advice
Of Tho Farm and Garden" Is to 90 allow
on them, until they are thoroughly tested.
Wine, Loeeu, Codiin, Porter, Ranbo. Show.
Stanasd, Eineshp, Domino, Bowles' janet,
Jonathan, Willow T9ig. Ben Davis, Roxbuty
nusset, Baldwin, Greenlng, aud White Iippinl
produce good eound crops. Ten years hancs
We may have proved q half 1 dozen of them
ct value, when it will be time to put them into
the orchard.
Last week I epent half asy in the Chicago
apple market. The result was that, out Of
more than ,000 Of known named varieties,
two varieties stood prominent. nearly mouop-
olizing the market the Baldwin and Rhode
1sana Srs;en,nE Or GFssnng for shor.
Leop4ss sop1tAeAot4buf. soltnolu sPEs aua lf0x-
burg Rueset, came next. Fire varieties com
poeed the list. An occasional barrel Of Yellow
bellaower, Black GillidoWer, &c-, composed
tho entire collection ; not twenty in all. / did
net zee an 1hinoit-Ggosn apple il
crop was m unusually good one the past sea-
son, while west Of the lakes the crop wss Of
IN inferior quality, and has been used to sup
ply the local demand. TIE prairie orchards
would hare shown Jonathan, Ninesap. Ben
DSyis. and Willow Twig. II the great apple
regions Of New York and Michigan can afford
to grow only hne yasistfea for masket, We can
certainly be content with what We haye, until
others shall have been well tested. The man
who plants the new varieties, ~ 4 general
thing, ulrst buy his apples. 1t is this ,nApiA
9Gr new varieties thai haa done mors to ruin
Western orchards than ali other obstacles nut
tcgethcr. II, ont Of this while list Of Ru.sian
valuable for tho north II the Red Ast1aehan;
and Duchess OF 0ldenburgh for GUNNER, the
government Will bo we'll paid fer the optl1y,
aud Commissioner Capron will have deserved
the thaIks of the country.
COTTON AND WHEAT.
Tho Commissioner urges more attention to
the culture OF such products ~ are consumed
On The farms at tho South, aud leas attention
to cotton, or. rtther, that more mixed hue
bAEdry prevail. The same argument is used
in regard 10 wheat l. the North, and in pfi-
vate letter. in reply to the criticisms Of his
remarks At Decatur, be intended to convey
the idea that too great reliance w1s placed on
tho wheat crop ky our Western farmers, and
not that ho would discourage wheat culture
altogether. Neither would he recommend the
growing OF less cotton OF less wheat in order
to enhance the price. No doubt theae views
ere eound.
Among tho new plants that promise valua-
BILE resultH arc tha China rrsRa cr rsn1ia. +be
clircona tree, from which Peruvian bark is
obtained. ard tho tea ehruh. These are III
supposed to thrive well IN the Southern States,
1Hk CROPS fER ACRE.