The New York herald., 1870-04-16

from the time t1e most primitive alone existed on
have lett records OF their existence. we can know
nothing excep. wnat may DC gathered from phIlo.
Of facts concerning them. It IL, however. pnno-
s0phically certain that very many such intermedl-
ste governments did exist varousy modified and
We may Justly inier. 6u. nisls eapaSs, Tor 0uraoH,
their inteRrafon was rapidly succeeded by disin.
external influences, rapid ana successive CHANGES
were inevitable because they were Possessed Of but
little Individuality and consequently but Mttlo
capacity for resisting external innuences They
were bound together bv none OF the higher laws OF
association, but wero led by transient ephomerM
divide and suSdivide only to again form new
and equally temporary anasams!ion:. Thus con,
stanty organizing and dssolvlng the long interval
alluded TO was occupied BY primitive nnaotants IN
their march from the purely homogeneous towarI
the tndivldualized times wherein civilization left
records OF ITSELF Whe no special inquiries into
the correctness OF the formulas laid down ar vari-
ous times by various philosophers which seek 10
include and cover al the phenomena & OF sne uni,
with propriety be stated indeed, It be attempted
to show that history obeys fixed law OF evolution,
the law thai II IS presumed 10 obey must be gwen
that 1t NAV be seen whether the deductions arrived
at are included within the limits OF the formula f
It should no, turn out then either the deduction
must be ilegitimate the formula imperfect or i'm.
possible, or the fact made apparent that wnie all
the other sciences, AZ boogy, psychOo9y ana their
various divisions, are known TO conform to certain
well determined laws OF causatlon. sociology, IN
which all history and government ind their
merest chance. Until within the present century 1t
was not claimed by any OF the various philosophers
who had fonrlshed that there was such science az
sociology; or II 80 claimed by any iar-seeiDg mind,
the attempt 10 demonstrate and formulate IL was
not made until the tme OF C0mte, who, about the
year 1880. did attempt II, aud he may be Justly
stvled the father OF the present system OF formu-
lated science. Thouoh his system Is now shown to
contain many imperrectlons and omissions It IS
nevertheless certain that Dut Tor IL the improve
ments since made would not have been possible TO
the present degree attained, though those VINO
70 acknowledge that tbev have built upon Comic.
Gathering from his profuse writings upon TINS point
,s earer ana uHsS s,o, ,nrns IN pn,n ,hnv
can be expressed: d:-Social progression is q gradual
change from rudimentary. homogeneous and an
thropOmorphc conditions TO civilization, hetero-
gcneity and TO dennite conceptions OF the external
world; and at the same time time from nom,dic
characteristics with aggressive purposes to inhabl
tative propensites aud Individual industrial pursuits.
number OF philosophers, who nave written since
the time OF Comte, nave from time to time presented
formulas which at best can only be considered as
notifications OF hls and II may confidently be as
serted tnat no real addition was acquired until the
Spcncerian was made. which, while 1t Included
Comte's was more general ana comprehensive aud
at The same time more definite aud special. This
seeming anomaly was made possible 6y hls having
exhaustively demonstrated that ali mental acton--
emotional as well as intellectualwas included In It,
IL Is as sfoows:-Evolut:on' Is an integraLlon OF mat
ter cOncOmtant dissipation OF notion during which
Ine matter passes from an indefinite, incOncrens
homogenety TO definite, coherent heterogenety and
during which the retained motion undergOes par
alle transformation. This general formula includes
al evolution, organic and inorganic, and interprets
not only the genesis Of the sderea and SOAR systems
and OF the earth but also OF life upon the earth,
and has become the law OF all social moral and m
tellectual change He afterward found It necessary
to make supplement specially applicable TO organic
life, In sucn terms should not include the inor-
ganic. 1t was as follows:--"Lne-and intelligence
being the highest Manifestation OF life-conssts IN
The continuous establishment OF relations within the
organism. IN correspondence with relations existing
within the environment" or the surroundings"
To this exhaustive statement late generalization
and specialization mas been made by Mr.. FlBke,
especially applicable to social evolution. ~ ioi.
establishment OF psycnical relations within the COM
munity, In conformity to physical aud psychcal re-
lstions arising within the environment, during
pass from state OF incOherent homogeneity to Q
state OF coherent heter0geneity, and during which
the constitutional units OF the community become
ever more distinctly indfviduated.
Having now arrived at that point where history
must furnish the facts upon which the subject
IL may be we'll to c0mprehensvely recaptuate per-
haps somewhat too long Introduction. IL was seen
that all over the face oil the earth where human
life was represented government exists, and
that this government was representative OF
one or another of the three orders OF az
gregates OF ndvlduals-thc family the tribal or ine
nation and that an aggregate OF nations would add
the fourth ORDER It also that the evolution
OF government was the objective result Of The per
ststence Of force among Its component parts
Fixing the basis OF government IN this phi0sophit
fact was necessary to examine the history OF gov
ernment to see II IN Its evolution IL had cOnfOrmeC
and II so found TO have done to extend the intS
the future to ascertain II possible what the future
1t would be. Thus bv present understanding O
the law and It's tendencies all moddcations aud
be so made IN harmony Herewith, and not with
simple view to meet the present exigencies, but with
an understanding tnat would meet all exlgencies O.
Oil time, winch alone Is perfect legislation.