The New York herald., 1870-03-14

EMICRAT TON.
The Exodus from Europe and
Where the People GO.
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PAUpERlSM IN THE OLD WORLD.
THE POPULAR RUSH TO AMERICA.
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The British Colonial Emigration
q Failure.
Vnlus Of tho Emigration 10 the
United States.
THE CASH REMITFED FROM AMERICA

Tbe longer remain IN England the more l am
,muresscd with the wonderful reproductive capacity
Of yhe AngloSaxon race, aud Its marvellous power
OF development These little islands from which
half the civilized word has been drawing its
MOOD, bone, muscle and s.new for the past half
century--from which tide Of emigration snch as
she world never saw has peen rowing 10 all parts
OF the earth-far from showing any signs OF eXhana
ton, much less OF depletion oIfer to-day larger
surplus of unemployed labor and perforce larger
perceutage oil tile enii2ras,ng classes tnan at any
former period IN their wlsole history. There can be
found but one period in which the number or emil
grants onering can In any way be compared With IL,
vlz that embraced In the years 1852, 1853 and 1884,
The causes operating at that time widely differ
ent, If not wholly anomalous TO Wit, the potato rot
and famine IN Ireland. Already-fuliy thirty days
IN advance or former years--every county, shire,
township, village and hamlet In the kingdom Is con-
trlhuting its quota Of aborers to swel the grand
aggregate which viii coon set forth from this and
other seaports the land OF golden promise in the
West. In my last communication on this subject
Iald before the readers OF the HERALD a statement
OF the number OF paupers and unemployed In the
several districts OF LONDON.
Under such circumstances 1t is not surprising that
tne cry OF emigration IS heard throughout the land,
or thar legislators opposed 10 such measure on
national and politico-economical grounds and
anxloas to retain labor at horne arc striving Co de-
wise some other beneficial less easy, node OF
reliel Indeed rha emigration question has since
the despatch OF my last letter. as clearly foresaw 1t
would become the absorbing subject OF discussfon-
far transcending in interest az 1t does in impor-
tance, in the estimation OF the public, either the
irish land question, the educational question or
any other or the political questions OF the day.
Little else is written OF talked about. But cat bono'
No definite has yet been to, nor does 1t
seem at all probable that any VIII be taken until
after Parliament meets when the whole subject, so
far State aid Is concerned Will Ia all probability,
receive ITS coup dc grace. IL IL already paininy eV-
Dent to the prime movers IN the matter that govern
ment viii refuse to sanction any expenditure OF pub
nc money IN the way OF organized emigration. or
course British emigration, esher with or
without government support il sought to
be Influenced Ia one direcirion-viz., to
one or other OF her rather numerous colo
coonies-and itseeuis quite natural, the Standard
lately remarked, that government when has con-
ceived policy Of colonial ACKNOWLEDGMENT should be
opposed to national emigration. And yet II seems
equally certain that unless government does come to
the relief OF the pauper and poorer classes to the
extent at OF furnishing free passage to Austria
Ma aud Canada, the accession OF population in the
colonial possessions from this source during the
present year viii be very small indeed Apart rom
the teachings OF experience, which are themselves
sufficiently convincing, am led to this belief by
consideration which TO my mind Is Irresistible
labor that Is worth having is worth paying for. La
Dor Is Ike capital OF which indeed 10 s only another
form, and II lett to ACT voluntarily always seeks the
best fields FOR investment Beyond q trinIng al.
vance IA the amount OF the appropr iations made In
one or two OF the more populous and better cult.
vated colonial districts and slight reduction In the
Offset prlce OF government land the colonies now
ofier no greater Inducements to the surplus labor
Of Great Britain to emgrate thiter than they have
always done, and we all know what their past eXpe
rience mas been. The entire emigration to Australia
and New Zaand during 1853 consisted OF but 1900
persons being 1857 less than during the previous
year ana the smallest emigration since 1871; whle
10 New South Wales, Western AUSTRALIA aud queens
land but i5 emigrants III All were carried in The
same year, aud OF these but l59 pad ful passage
money.
Contrast these figures with the number of British
emigrants who proceeded to the United states dur
ing The same period W., l55,b32 equal to 1922 OF
she whole emigration. TO the North American colo
mes the disparity Is less Striking, the NUMBER
bound thitber being set down III The ollcia report
a. 2i,0G2; but as fonr-fftls OF these merely took
Canada 90 T0ute and have already found their way
into tho Union the result remains pretty much the
During the first three months OF 1869, out or
an emigration amounting TO 30275, 20 900 shipped 10
the United ctates while but 2,7e0 proceeded TO ali
tae colonies together.
something more than government subsidies or pfi-
vate philanthropy to materially AFFECT The volume OF
Emigration to the colonies. IN short the whole
question lies between the colonies ana the emL
grants themselves. II che colonies are in want Of
labor have the requisite advantages and facilities
10 offer to the emigratng classes without doubt they
viii be able to secure large number. Dntil. how
ever they have taken the proper Initiative steps and
stimulated emigration thither as the United States
government and press nave been doing Tor the
pass quarter OF 3 century IN vain may they look
for any great accession TO former numbers Ihen
and not till then, can they sensiDly aect the pre-
sent condition OF alairs. As IL s now, the cry for
colonial enigaton proceeds mainly from those who
have no idea OF emgratlng themselves, the emgrat
Ing classes evidently preferrng 10 follow IN tue foot
steps OF the millions oil their fellow countryneu aud
women whose experience under the Stars and
Stripes OF the republic as detailed in their frequent
letters 10 their friends at home, carry with them
louder and more convincing logic than ali the "bun
comben speeches and lofty platitndes OF d,lletanie
professors ana college politicians Facts speak
louder than mere words, by whomsoever or where
sOever uttered. The figures will be found IN the
following table. specially prepared Tor aud
AS this IL their first presentation Ia thia form they
VIII repay careful consideration.
ToTAL EMIGRATION FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM FOR
EACH or THs FIFrf-FivE YEARs-ls15 TO 1862
IHCLUsIvE:--
North Un,,.i aTiq@,,a" yssa,s, an