davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
NUMBER IL.


| Nitro-glvccrine is !. combination Of glycer
ine (the sweet principle of animal taD and
nitric and sulphuric acids. The process Of
manufacture is very simple. Take, for in
stance, one pound of glyccrine and ten
pounds Of the acids and place them in prop
er vessel. The sulphuric acid operates on
the rest of the mass, extracts all aqueous
matter, while the nitro sinks to the bottom OF
the vessel, and joins with the gvccrinc
whose destiny carries it there at once The
result is an oleaginous substance, not unlike
castor oil in color, but rather more thick,
which on being washed and thoroughly
cleansed from such particles Of sulphuric
acid as may have remained, is nitro-g glyccr-
| inc NitrO-@ -@lYccrinC strikes in all directions
when it cxplodes; but the greatest force is
always turned toward that point offering the
greatest resistance. Thus, if you should cX-
plode a mass of the coil" (Which is ''short'
for nitro -glycerne) in the center OF IN empty
room, the great force of the explosion would
be downward in the direction of the floor
A cartridge submerged, and having for lis
base n rock, would act most torcibly on the
rock, athoughit wouldal displace the water.
In removing the obstructions At Hell Gate,
it was intended to use ntro-glyccrinc, in the
| form of what is known as slicous powder
but as it was lowered in frozen condition,
/
ture d;ly there is no doubt that this explosive,
which is thirteen times more powerful than
gmpowdcr, and is, moreover, capable of
being exploded at the bottom of the sea, If
need be, will be used in this great work
Although nitro glyccrine has ocen in use
for so short time. ii has already been used
with great success in war. In lSC I, during
the war Of the Austrlans and PrussIans
against the Danes, 4 detachment Of three
hundred Danish troops retreated to AScn, u
town near which great battle had Just been
fought, and We're besicged by 10000 of the
allied troops But the Danish engineers had
undermined all of the approaches to the
town with nitro glvccrinc, the town and the
mines being connected hy electric wires, and
the immense force was kept at bay for three
days. In the Russian war; the nitro lyccr
inc torpedoes kept thc French and English
ships out OF the harbor Of CronStadt These
tOrpedocs were so constructed rs to explode
either by concussion or electricity, and it
would have been II bold sailor who W"nd
dare to approach y harbor SO guarded. En-
perments have frequently been made to see
if nitro-@lvcerine could not be made avail
able as the explosive power for shells, but
little success has been attained. 1t has been
found that the heat and concuSsion caused
the sensitive oil to explode before the she'll
had left the mouth Of the cannon. Expert
mcnts were tried with "cuShioncd' shells
those containing some soft substance between
the nitro-@lycerine and the iron-hut this also
failed.
Notwithstanding the diScouragcmcnts
which have bcset the introduction Of the new
explosive, it has pcrSistently worked its way
into favor with practical men, ANA there Is
now scarcely Il large public work III TINS
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
a WORKING SUIT FOR FARMERS.

i- ri,ief- aud mechanics need some KIND ol SUD
.r.4l working lrc>>-anr that Is chellly Mtie
. ..>tIN nut on and comfortably worn. IL Is
...t Nucu-jNc working in a good sult "i cin'hoS
I.| -,!4>ing them io The various KINDS ol iabof
...i,l,nf ta farm litC. INJ OH palr ol new pants
.r. rrt nto apple tree To Jrlm "r graft H. or 20
ia.rinz fences and You will hc sure to make 4
...t r them before they are day 0ll NIfh i
- Rarely happens iU ali old pan. We lnNrhte'l
I-~> several years since which we nave used anu
commend To other, much 10 their eaisfa'tol II
- ~I,.-f. vest closed "a front, and troWSer~ III one
.. !, iti only one fastening with strap behind
~. -,rk The sleeve may be made sufficiently
....- ta vr.i over a coat. The material should be
. 4u. lf.lIn. Thus at 4 triiling expense man
. readily fitted 10 graPllc with any hinl or
.tt+ without constant far Of tearing or >"lllhS
- .,tit- while the cost Is not "nc-enlh part "l 4;
-...f "a ordinary clothing. Il will often 3e found
...ts,li.E ta wear in bot weather without amy
.,.l.f .i ithln4 than shirt. ANY clever housewife.
vl,t .,tn ta9Ao uaIr Of summer pants rai MAKE
M g il.-l. most useful articles. lho only ann
i.rrt ..-u.lt - % NOT huyin@ ON enough l" nave
I-. boz r..Ir sufficiently ilrga. The stiJ should he
.-. ...,zi to Nr.r over other 9alint T. IL nee
-, .tT Whom The ,iay'> WORK j. done II may he
u.se. rhcr> substituted. and I've farmer lN III
.. t.t iriu IN III AoNu Of au evening dressed III
lu .,hrs .,ua r-.dy to- engage NJ roANHfrllloh'
4ug .l uny oluor amusement NutlrN lu y Ffllon-
.,.I .a..l..2.nt miud. The cost ol ~tuh SUIT Is
H.ur anil Is NOR. llalu madc up Ny what II saves
.lrrr. .I.ihr~ Ne. Farmer.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
Farm, Garden, and Household
FARMERS CLUBS.

lu Union there is strength" Ii strength is
Io in any ayoraton, 1t is in TINT Of the ranks
~. farmers Of this country-they who produce
. rla soil, and from the clements of earth. air.
water. the food that feeds the nation. All
.lf ylunG~ have their Unions, their Associa-
- nu3 their Clubs The Agricultural fairs
'nn people of States and Counties into ele
7f- 90. strength and progress; and to connect
~iiN more near to the farmers. j. tht object Of
Frm.r T. Club. Their province i more particu-
I. 10 uuitc neighborhoods into nearer conncc-
-- tt bring out the experience and observation
- members, and to diluse the best methods rs
. May a- possible.
Il,r Importance can be hardly over estimat-
Rr-i their direct bearing on matters con-
reI with Agriculture, they are good promot-
+ social aud friendly relations. one plan OF
.lna iAc>e farmer, meetings is Ia meet regular
mu (. week. at some stated place. hall, school
..a II other public building The officers are o
.s.uulu secretary. AMI Business Committee.
....-r.4s Toldcs connected with ocal Agriculture
.. discussed .n3 much valuable Information
1.I..j. Hiatt Uut fer this, would remain III the
II,, ,irl.ot ile loss.,sor> every day life,
Au.tD,r n,ahoi, and ONO that ha~ much 10 re-
...4.u. .' r ,o meet a the members houses
-.l.- u.a4- al3 also t,hmg the women along too.
I.I- tm Il, more ii thc soeillde about 1t, and
..ru- al.. ,ug.ulortl fht perhaps never would
I'M. iH4.tiu- i'm public places, The member
,f..-. lal,a ihe meeting may he held, has OPP
..r4uit Il. verify his statements by actual proof.
Intau, imula;e- MS ne-hbor to do the same
.n...l lU- .um shah .uuc to entertain the tIul"
..i- ID. QUA ii -piri, IF worthy rivalry aud good
..4..l .mwllou More comfort Is taken by
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
HOUSE FURNITURE.

AT this season of the year, carpets are often
procured; curtains are rcnewcd-hat is, the light
CT ones of summer are replaced by the heavier
ones of damask. Nc, for Wintcr-and often new
furniture throughout for the room is procured.
Now, we wish TO offer one suggestion to our rural
friends; and rs we are all practical in our table
matter, our suggestion is of that kind. Before you
buy any new furniture, think of its use. Remcm-
Der that shiny convex hlrcoth sofa, too short to
lie down on, and too slippery to sit on, may do fol
show, but never for your family comfort. Re
member that marble-top table, with a plain
white painted woodwork and wall of white, with
out pictures, is not in keeping, however artistic or
beautiful it may be in itself. Think well ofyoul
wants of the association of your furniture with
your pccuniary means and above all, with the use
Obtainabe thereirom. DO not buy higll-backed
stilf, haircloth chairs, when you enjoy more
real comfort in splint bottom wood, simply var
nshcd, and procurable at one-fourth the price. Dc
not buy pair of vases, with pictures painted on
them processing to represent China scenes at higf
price, and place them on the wooden mantlepicce
where they are all out Of character in their false
representation. DO not buy a carpet for a small
room. with pattern scrawng like Il schoolboy'.
earlier penmansllp in forms and figures all, every
where but yet ctnoWherc. Let all cary ed work in chai
or table, mantle or cornlcc alone, unless YOU have
wealth to carry out all in keeping. Leave on
knicknacks of all sorts; and remember that vou
own comfort, and that Of your family is obtaine,
by free use and enjoyment of all YOU have arount
YOU. and that plain, substantial, and approprat.
patterns and colors, without gliding are alway.
best received and appreciated by your friends o.
enemies, and that they really contribute most to
your own enjoyment. Ilorticulturist.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
HOW TO EXHAUST A FARM

sell hav, ana by so doing less stock can be kept ;
consequently II smaller amount of mantlre VIII be
made ,.. ,, ,
Nccpt the land in question, and for al olnef i'hd
MI, involves the same principle as sehng nay.
| have known. at least one farm exhausted III
fertility by this method Engaged III the culti'a-
ZION Of ruit tobacco or hops ON an EXTENSIVE Scaie
manure highly; this will have the same ciect rs
selling hay in diminishing the productive capacity
OF a farm. Make no effort to make manure, stlll
plant and sow beyond the ability to manure;
practice universal fall pl9wing, that the finer and
richer portions of the soil may be blown or wasted
away. leaving only the coarser and poorer soil re-
naming For The sake of employment, whether
nrotitable or not, keep AN undue proportion OF
working oxen and horses; devote almost the ell
fire winter to teaminc; this will leave a large por-
noron of the mannre on the road, lost to all agri-
cultural purposes. Pay good attention to garden
ing. Keep the same land for garden year after
vaar. Practice ndscriminatc ditchng, even on
meadows and runs not infested with flags, that the
wash and sediment, instead OF remaining on large
nortjon of the land, may be carried of in quite,
and lost to all intents and purposes. Allow the
was of side hills and the droppngs of caves to rl
,hrouph barnvards and wash of more or less of Tho
manure Leavitt in \. ii. Farmer
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
THOROUGH CULTIVATION.

Here are some facts stated by DR.. Voel1cr in n
lecture on the atmospheric nutrition of plants be-
fore the Royal Agricultural Society, 10 the inn
portancc of aerating and puversing heavy soils,
in this point OF View But one Of the difficulties
met in their cultivation is that of performing it cX-
actly Al the right time. Ifclayey land i, ploughcd
when too wet, it is next to impossible TO reduce it
good order by after treatment; and if too dry, it
is exceedingly ahoriOus task to do anything with
it, The necessity of constant watchfulness on the
part of The farmer is never greater than in the eXer
else of due Judgment as to the time, as well as OF
sufficient diligence in the amount ofthe culture he
gives his land.
"lct us briefly state some of the advantages OF
thorough cultivation. 1t involves:
/. The mechanical puIl eriZation of the soil, Civ
ing 4 better sced-beQ, and making the particles
more accessible TO the action of the roots.
,. Better drainage. the soil being moist and mel
low where it would otherwise be baked and hard
>. The cooperation of the atmosphere in farther
dccomposing the comminutcd particles of soil, and
setting free the mineral elements of the growing
plant.
I. The absorption from the atmosphere of a
greater portion Of its ammonia and carbonic acid
for the direct nourshment of vegetable life.
,. The increased effect Of manures, from theil
more complete intermiXturc and consequently more
perfect action.
which not only abstract the nourishment due to the
growing crop. but also generate successors, cont-
ually multiplying themselves from year to year
:. The better condition of the field for machine
Work. il ulllS lllt KNIVES Oh Il reaper or mower
and leads to frequent brcakages, to cut through the
clods on the roughly seeded field
1t should not be forgotten how efficient an agent
IN the pnlVerzation of heavy soil is the alternate
freezing and thawing of winter. BY autumn
poughing to effect this, more can be accomplished
than by much labor otherwise applied. Under
draining also contributes greatly TO the same end
And while much that has been said above applies es
pecially to heavy lands, it must not be forgotten
| that it has a wider bearing. "Sandy loams" says
| Robert Russell, ''arc benefited more than any
other class of soils by tlage, which increases the
absorbing powers. These qualities lit then
cspecalIy for turnp husbandry. So also in amer
icl the sandy loans well suited for maize an,
its culture in summer. Deep cultivation, more es
pecially in dry climates is Il most important mean
of increasing the rctentye and absorbent qualities
of light soils. The benefits Ct cultivation are ap
! parent from the fact that grasses sandy lonm
are liable to be scorched by the louths of Summe
TO greater degree than the turnIps in well drlle'
field Mass. Ploughman
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

AN OlD GHAvMAHp. The laborrrs re
constructing the City Hall Park are finding
things they don't like to touch such II
skulls and thigh-bonrs and other rrmndrr-
of mortality. Since they commenced lM'
work OF rNcavating for Il new fountain h"-
tween the CITY Hall and the new Post oliirr,
they have dug up the bones OF between ilNr
and six hundred persons. No one ever su,s.
rected that people We're buried there IN the "ld
times till the skeletons began t" come out ;"
fast When the first few were dlSroVrrrd
there was great excitement, and storlrS set
alloat about u terrible murder in the park
ever so long ago, and the burial OF the bodies
bv the rcd-handcd asSlSsins. 1t turns ont
now that part of the park was once used rs
graveyard. of the PottcrS Field sort, and
That many persons who died in the hospitals
in the great cholera year (lS32) We're buried
there in trenches. IT is the bones Of these
that the laborcrs have lately been throwing
out by the hundred. There is not much
more care taken with these relies of humanity
than il they were the bones of beasts; but n"
one wonders at that. New Workers have
grown so accustomed to the digging up Of
yraveyards that they don't mind ii at all.
Some of them wouldn't care Il pin about lay
ing Il mattress on 4 lot Of these Park skrlr-
tons and slecpingI there all night New
York Letter.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22
WISHING.

W hen reflect how little [ have done,
And add to that how little have seen,
Then, furthermore how little | have Won
OF joy, or good-how little known or BEEN
long for other life more full, more keen,
And yearn to change with such as well have run
Yet reason mocks me--nay, the soul, ween,
Granted her choice would dare to change with none
No-not to feel as Blondel, when his lay
Pierced the strong tower, and Richard answered il
No-not to do as Eustace, on the day
He left fair Calais to her weeping fate,
No, not to be Columbus, walked from sleep,
When his new world rose from the charmed deep
[Inan InrcnW.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

THE CAPTAIN. 1t is said that the English
iron-clad Captain, before sailing, narrowly
escaped destruction by fire. The packing o'
her feed pipe ignited and the lire had n.adu
considerable progress before it was discover
ed. II was eNtnguishcd with difficulty.
During the gale one Of the heavy guns got
loo~cncd from lis fastening in consequence
of the tremendous rolling of the ship, and
suddenly swinging round struck Il gunner,
killing HIM instantly. The London Shlppin%
Gazette demands strict investigation
The British public should know how one "i
their staunchcst vessels of war tounderco ln
weather which collier might have outliyrd
On Err trial trip her firing was good in a
heavy sea and in Il swell, while the Warrior
rolled sixteen and the Monarch five, the Cap
tain rolled but four. Admiral SYmonds sand
The Captain is Il most formidable ship, and
could, | believe, by her superior armament,
destroy all the broadsidc of this squat
RON in detail" But the fault, which finally
proved fatal, was also observed; She Wa-
500 tons heavier than intended, and iloattd
two feet deeper than was promised, amt
carried only half rs much coal rs WAS rN-
pcctrd. Her sud fate will doubtless serve
rs Il warming in the future construction "i
vessels of like class, demonstrating Us ii does
that there is u limit TO the value of naval dr-
trnslyc armOr.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

WOMAN AS A FIELD HAND. The East is
behind hand in everything. A girl in Maine
has had IN cpotheosis because she "managcs
a moving machine with the ease of Il born
farmer" and the New York Tribune brags
about a Miss Watson Of Buel County, Penn
sylvania. who has this season cut a hundred
acres of wheat, oats, grass, etc. We arc
mortified at this miserable showing. Why
such exploits are common in every county in
the West Each season, rs harvest time ap-
proaches, the servant g girls-espccially the
Germans and Norwegians-in large cities.
begin to cut their domestic moorlngs, and
strike for the farms. AS cooks and walters
they oct from So to $3 so Il week; rs har-
vesters they command 50 day. Frequently
in Chicago, St. Louis and Milwaukee, there
enters into the domestic contract the stlpula-
tion that the Girls shall not desert in summer
fine In Wisconsin, at this moment, there
are probably not fewer than 10000 women
at work in the field. They are not only Ger
mans. Irish and Scanlinavians, but Yankees
not only the poor, but thousands of the fair
and Intelligent classes. When the pinch
comes it is common for girls to hang up the
rolline-pin, shut up the piano, and 90 to the
field and help their fathers out. They ride
the reaper as skillfully rs any man; they rake
and bind dexterously; they direct the cult
vator; they run the threshing machine
they pitch bundles; in extreme need, they
even give their arms and ingenuity to that
bucolic architecture, building the load and
stack. We know q bluc-eyed girl in central
Wisconsin, who last season shearcd forty
sheep in u day, and received 81 for it. II
was not so uncommon as to excite any
special interest in the neighborhood.
hundred thousand Western woman arc work
ing in the field to-day, and we never though
of Dragging of it before, Chicago Post.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

RINGwORI can be readily cured by the follow
iuo simple process: Burn bit of linen rag on the
bright portion of an axe blade; on blowing away
thc ashes there will remain a small quantity OF
thick oily fluid, one or two applications of which
will efectually end the rinSworm.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

WHITE HARD SOAR. Seven pounds of soda,
three of lime. four gallons of water boil together
tn dissolved Let this stand 10 settle. then pour
Oft as long as any remains clear, and add water TO
make iour gallons. Boil this, adding four pounds
| of grease and two table-spooniuls Of boraX; boil
J till thick Take up and put away to cool.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

Omaha, one of the cities born OF the Ia
ciic Railroad, and which for time lnrrcaS-
ed in population and business at 'raPld rate rate,
has already suffered u relapse. Business
there, according to u local paper, is unusual
" dull-so much so, in fact, that the City
Council is offering bonuses t" manufacturers
TO establish themselves in the place.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

A Bath man whose wlir ran away, re
vcngcd himself by drowning nine young pI%S
worth So.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1870-09-22

Twenty married women in this country
purpose to become preachers. Heretofore
they have only been lecturers
Port Tobacco times, and Charles County advertiser. (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1845-1898, 1870-07-22

arc not as much benefit as these talks,
quiet. confidential. and always to the
point. Thus different experiments are
tried. and farming is all the while on
tending upward, where the leading men
are directing it. where they are. But
there must be confidence or the whole
game is spoiled. This is not always the
case; there is much jealousy we are too
apt to believe in our own way and adhere
to it. however that may be; we look With
jealous eyes upon our neighbors' good
crops, aud will not own that we are ia
error and that he is right; SO We envy
him and, yes, hate him.
Now this is the case with some, We
hope not many. The majority, however,
may be benefited. They believe iu pros
|perity, they wish for it, and so they sTe
the right men to work upon; and If your
leading man is the right kind Of man,
obliging. unassuming. the way is open.
The thing can be done, is being dones
and will be done more. And the sooner
We go about it in greater earnest, seek.
communicate. the sooner will the profit be
realized. Utica Herald. 7's = asfls''
Port Tobacco times, and Charles County advertiser. (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1845-1898, 1870-07-22

first three years of the 18th century. In
1718 it did not rain single time from
April until October TIE growing grain
was burnt, the rivers dked up, the thea.
ters (but wherefore is not stately were
closed by command Of the police. The
thermometer showed 36 Reaumer, equal
te 113 degrees Fahrenheit. In irrigated
gardens the fruit trees bloomed twice. In
l1723 and 1924 there was great heat
The summer of 1746 was hot and dry,
growing grain being calcined. 1t did not
rain for months. 174S, 1854, 1850, 1867.
|177S, and 1888 were tears in which the
summers were extremely hot. In the
famous comet year-fil-the summer
was warm, and the wine produced that
season was very precious. In 1918 the
theaters had to be closed on account of
the heat, the highest temperature being
35 Reaumer, or 112 Fahrenheit. During
the three days of the revolution in July,
1880, the thermometer stood 36 degrees
Centigrade about 81 Fahrenheit. In
1882, during the uprising of the 5th and
6th Of July, the temperature was about
the same.
Port Tobacco times, and Charles County advertiser. (Port Tobacco, Md.) 1845-1898, 1870-07-22
Private Talks Among Farmers.

As soon as farmers become familiar
with each other and interchange thought
on the subject Of their farming, this one
thing takes place favorably; the best
man among them directs the farming oi
the neighborhood. 1t is hence that we
see in many sections improvements that.
in comparison with surrounding land,
seem oasis. It is not the natural rich
ness of the soil SO much that makes this,
Gas this will soon become exhausted, } as
it is the improvement. Where this i'm
provement is carried on successfully, you
will find drainage. deep blowing Con the
whole, } grazing, the use Of clover. top
dressing instead of the old-fashioned turn
ing in of manure. You will find early
crops, and early harvested, before fully
ripe. and the hay crop grass crop dried.
of course. now more expeditiously and
successfully since the tedder is such a
success.
These are but few, though the main
principles of farming. They are UNDER
stood more or less by the best man of the
neighborhood, and practiced, SO that he
teaches both by example and oral instruc-
ton.
A meeting. club, the holding Of fairs