, 1870-06-17

ToEk, after paying The cost Of hanspor.a-
ion. The European demand may continue
foS Some time 5eh but can scarcely be 20
imperative when their own hartests nc
being gathered Il Is possible to wait for
u market till the opportunity for selling at
present prices has passed b7. -
THE STEEL RA1L RoRRERY.
! About sixteen yea.z ago, the Besaemer
process Of converting iron into steel WAS
difcovered and patented. The cost Of rails
naade by that process was, for i long Cine,
too high to admit Of their adoption Tho
end sought BY the invention waa cheap steel
TO produce it at suoh,a reduced cost that
it could be used as substitute for iron for
railway bars. Experiment After experiment.
in processes and machinery, has at last
produced steel rails, at . cost OF only go
per ton IN excess at iron 1aila and the
steel. rpila have a st1ebgth and durability |
twelve times as great as iron. No American
works for the manufacture of steel rails
were ssarted until their manufacture had |
become SUCCESS in Europe The new rails
are now made in England, France, Belgium,
and Germany. The progressive improve
mcnts, and the wide field OF competition,
have reduced the price, The manufacture,
of steel was nothing new. but the great and
principal value bE, The. Besaamer process;
was to produce the: article cheaply, and
make it available Tor general USE
Europe is now capable Of producing
55o, 900 tons annually, and this large supply
has brought down the price Of the article
to 1850 per ton, Tho Old World ia en-
ioying the long-sought luxury of cheap
steel, end the United States stand soil
tary among civilized nations, rejecting
the incompatible boon. We have
$1,000 miles Of railway upon which is
laid the perishab1e iron rail We are con-
structing annually from 1000 to 5000
1nihs Of new railway, upon which We are
compelled to lay the Same common rail,
| which, in all other lands, has been, or Is
rapidly being, discarded. We have laid
duty of Is par cent on steel rails. The
cost of these rails being $3.50 per ton,
| the freight, and tar, and othet expenses
| maAe tneH coo1 uefe 20 poA WI ~~N-
1t is estimated thst 1oo'oVo TONS of Aus
viii be needed this year for construction
and repairs 800, 900 tons were used in
1869, Of which $50, 900 Ions weye made IN
this country. ..of these. only 10000 tons
we1e of steel. The House Of Representa-
tNes naa so.e9 - .nelese .ua ''NA ~. e. [ 49,
falls from H. 10 ~ Per esAe@ SoA "AAA'
purpose 49,. :,
! y ta eotnnteo &C. 1ns1 .he nsls0se - 49, :,
noe ipsenosa 'of, aaa w. ""4 ~. -a'' 49, ~ ~, ~
1ect ot' .aeteaans '"e o' :s...a., ~
contrary, 'ne 1ncfease " ~ = ~ a.sa, 49, ~
prevent INC 1'po1tas.ou ~ 49, Ivy so:.anaa s NV
ano, OF eouss !, ~ GU W WY ~. ~ emaee .ha,a Nv
ae'1Sea ,toua lu0s so1.s. ~ 49, ~ ssnan,
ieie Q, we 1eo le,e -. ~ 49, -a,sa ~ A. ~ ~;
/ Inc saae u a'eei la'4s " .Aos - .ls..~ .N !.
i county, os ~ 3'lo>'u~ "11 '~'s 80
/ AL :in'ee persons na'o oo 7, ".,. - =,
elusive nght 70: tne1uiactu1e slee' 1ana
the Bessemer process, N tne tnaseo oea'es
One Of these is member of the pfeset
: House OF Representatives. Ihe value
9 this patent may be judged BY the faet I'M
:. a member Of the House, IN the debat
= stated that he was authorized to say tn
$4,000, 600 would be given for it and no 4
: crease of the tariff would be naked:
- Ison rails are now made IN tbs umt.
v States at cost which .enablea the ansn
III facfurer successfully to compete with 4
}" British. The uu61ic,. however, arc tax
:, to the extent of $3.50, gold, per ton,
:. oire that much additional profit to
i'd home manutseturer.. This duty, Ike II
~ on p;e iron, would be prohibitory, were
en- not that The production of the home nj
H. is MT eoual to the demand, and tho d.
nd ciency has to be imported. The excess
o. c,st OF producing steel rails over iron
an aoc M, ner ton. and Is the game in Eur
" r. ...tM isha.aa. f,rzn;nr, :
material part of the difference; consaque
.. " the same rate per cent Of duty vh
20 enables the home manufacturer to comp
1a5 p1oftably With the foreign, and to the pl
y tscal exclusion of the lattar, ought to b
ue , satisfied the american monopolsts, II tt
1ole object be mersly to manufacture steel
- for the supply OF the country. But tbs
Nss not their real object.
nee The lifetime of steel rail is tel
'"t twelve times thatof an iron- one. A
! 3os' once laid with steel rails will require
10Y newal but once, while road laid with ,
uta- rails viii have to be renewed ten til
foEu This lessons the demand for rails, and
'deo long AZ non rui1s afford the same prof.
ared ton az steel rails. the business OF ma
ettle r,;ls uill be reduced measurab1y by The