davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
ARKANSAS.


steamer Snaggcd-A Total Loss.
MEMPHIS, March 24-The steamer Gui-
don hence for Little Rock, was snagged and
sunk to the boiler deck at Harris Cross,
ninety miles above the mouth of the Ar
kansas river, yesterday morning; no lives
lost. She had full trip of miscellaneous
freight. The boats cargo was total loss.
She is owned by the Memphis and Arkan-
sas River Packet Company and valued at
$4,000. She is insured in the Boatmen' S,
Pittsburg, and the Enterprise, Cincinnati,
Companies for So, 900 each.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
In the Circuit Court at Livingston
0verton County, Tenn.
Rollins II. johnson Vs. Thompson r. Grace and L
NJ Grace, ct ais.
s1e1xAL ArrAoumESr-DEDr.

UT APPEARING TO THE COURT THAT THE
1 defa1dan4s- Nettie Grace, Amanda Grace,
Tbomnscn X. Grace, Jr., and Kennedy Grace are
no-residents of the State Of Tennessee so that
me ordinary process of law cannot De served on
n Il thereforeorde-ed that publication be made
a, tbe weakly UNloN AND AMERICAN, newspaper
rhIished In the city Of Nashville, Tenn. requiring
said Nettie Grace, Amanda Grace, Ihompson n =.
csrace ri and Kennedy Grace to appear at the
newt Term Of this Court to be held at the Court
honae IN livingston on the fourth Monday in May
rext. and make defence to this suit, and show
sh,,,ia mad he revived and continued against them
vi, % 1sg0 OH. p HARRIS, Clerk.
RS WnspLF, Attorney for Plaintiff.
marI7 dl&w3t
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25

A FEW of the leading New York milli-
ners have brought out the new styles in
bonnets, for early spring wear, in adj
vance of opening day. The bonnets are
small, and worn low on the forehead.
There is not very much change in shape,
except they have attained a great height
upon the top, towering like a pyramid
above the head. The new colors are
capoul green-a delicate shade with a
slight orange tint, Nile green, plum color,
buff and peacock color. For evening
wear, buff will be the leading color; but
there are beautiful light shades and tints
to suit those to whom buff is not be-
coming.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
SAN DOMINGO.
Annexation. a Ia savoy a.

Annexation, a Ia savoy and Nice.
New YoRK, March 24.-The Worlds
San Domingo correspondent writes that
the vote in favor of annexation is large,
but the Government has apparently facili-
tated the ballot-box stufing by its agents,
and that there is strong feeling against
Baez and the annexation in San Domingo
City in spite of the reported vote in favor
of the scheme
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
MILWAUKEE.
Heavy Fan OF snow.

NI,1re, UKEE, March "a letter from
North MGnastaque, dated March IL, re-
,SoTts four feet of snow upon the ground,
and the mercury , degrees below zero,
Srhare has been no thaw for one hundred
on5 twenty DAYS. The prospect for the
early opening OF the SiackInaw IS not very
good. A gentleman fr0ia superior reports
snow from five TO seven feSt.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
MEMPHIS.

German Mass Meeting against RE-
construction.
MEMPHIS. March 24-The Germans Of
Memphis held mass meetidg last evening
and appointed Committee consisting OF
William Miller, E. Alderman, and Cal But-
linghouse, to procure signatures to the
memorial protesting against Congressional
interference in this State.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
SUPREME COURT DECISIONS.
Nashville, December Term, 1862
Thomas H CoIdwelI, Attorney
General and Reporter

Nashville, December Term, 1862
Thomas H CoBdwen, Attorney
General and Reporter
P. H. Price vs.. Wiley Hickerson.
A judgment was recovered against Price
and Hickerson on the following note:
SCI, 200. A'5a
''Six months after date we, or either of
rs, promise to pay William Ramsey, or
order, twelve hundred dollars for value re-
ceived to be paid in gold. July 20, 1860.
w. II. BURROUGHS, SEAL
p. III. PRICE, (seal.
WILEY HIcKERsoN, security, fiscal. J
The suit was commenced against Bur
roughs, Price and Hickerson, but Bur
roughs was not served with process and
the suit was dismissed as to him and
judgment taken against Price and Hick-
erson only.
After this judgment was rendered an
execution issued and was levied on the
land of Price, which was sold, and bought
by the plaintiff on the execution for the
amount of the Judgment and costs and
commissions, and the execution was re-
turned satisfied in full.
Price moved for judgment against
Hickerson as co-security for his ratable
part of the judgment. 1t not appearing
on the face of the note that Price was a
surety, the question was submitted to a
jury, who returned verdict that be was
surety to the note. A judgment was rem
dered by the Court in favor of Price
against Hickerson for one-half the amount
of the judgment and commissions which
had been paid off by sale of the land of
Price as before stated.
From this judgment Hickerson has
appealed to this Court.
Section 8, 625 of the Code is relied upon
as authority for this proceeding. That
section is in these words: $3.50
"a co-security against whom judgment
has been rendered for the whole debt, or
who has paid more than his ratable share
OF such judgment may have judgment
on motion against all the other parties to.
the instrument not included in the orig
inal judgment, for the ratable share of
each"
This is plain. Il gives no right of mo-
ton against a co-security who IS included
in the original judgment as Hickerson was
in the present case.
The law and the practice before The
Code were different. See act 1909, oh.
60, sec. 3.
We make no comment upon the reason
or policy of the change.
We must administer the law as it is
written.
Let the judgment be reversed and the
motion dismissed. MCCLAIN, Judge.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
FRANCE.


PARIS, March 24.-The strike at La
Creusot is confined to portion of the
workmen, who are laboring under political
excitement. 1t is expected it will soon be
suppressed
English Reports.
LONDON, March 24--The strike of the
workmen at La Creusot, France, continues.
Several demonstrations have been made
by the men, which SO far are harmless, but
the military and police are active. 1t is
thought that political feeling is involved in
this outbreak of laborers at La Creusot.
Some arrests have already been made.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
NEW ORLEANS.

The Murder OF John Nixon, Jr.-ThC
Accused Acquitted
New ORLEANS, March 24.-The jury il
the case of G. w. Cormack, charged with
the homicide of John Nixon, Jr., at Boston
Club, on the Sth of January, rendered a
verdict of not guilty.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
IRELAND.

DUBLIN, March 24.-Outrages on prop
erty owners continue. At West Meath,
yesterday, a clergyman, accompanied by
several friends, was visiting tenants for the
purpose of raising rents, when party fired
at and severely wounded the clergyman.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
AsToREHoUsE oFWEAhTH
shall Our Gerernment Render Aid
TO Mexico f-Letter from Gen. n ose-

20 AtAACO g-LetteE from escAAs n Osc~
Grams. lE4 q tI tr.LG4 eaI
NEw York, March II, s1s70.---H Is
clear to my mind that our country has
much to gain in every way, both in Mexi-
co and throughout Christendom, by a
manifestation Of good viii, independent
of subsequent beneficial results which
may arise from the employment of capi-
tai thus encouraged to open the resources
| of that immense storehouse of wealth. :
Mexico ought to develop and TO pros
per. She cannot do so without aid. That
aid ought to, and, as things are, might
almost say, must come from US. The
sooner it comes the better. 1t can not
come from few, nor without organized
effort. Ia fa. z9vl
The great tax paying interests of our
country demand it because, unless speed
| lily developed under her own Government
we shall be forced 10 expenditures, the
nature and amount of which we cannot
calculate, but the sure effect of which
viii be to increase our burden of taxa
ton. The .bondholding interests are
equally bound to favor it, otherwise con
sequences will follow depreciating to our
PuOhO oCOuAlttCc. AAC oAtppAiS5 VIM
mercial and manufacturing interests of
our own country and of the world must
favor the development which win make
Mexico an increased and paying con-
sumner and customer. afi ,
Many important consequences of the
policy urged in the memorial are for
breYity left undeveloped. Its effects viii
ultimately be: 3
1. To establish our pfimacy in the West
ern Continent in the hearts of the Mexi-
cans and of all the Spanish American
Governments, on the solid basis of JUS
tice, good will and practical fraternity.
2. 1t will add to the dignity and
strength of our policy in the eyes of all
nations and give noble and beneficent
Interpretation to our Monroe doctrine.
8. 1t will open the doors of the new
world to the capital, enterprise and COM
merce of the United States, and make it
the commercial center of the Western
world, as England now is of the East
4. 1t will consolidate public opinion at
home in favor of a new policy worthy of
our future 10 e3r
But to enlist organized capital to aid in
this work demands a nations voice of
sanction and encouragement.
Should you reach these conclusions,
may beg you, for the sake of patriot
ism, humanity and civilization, promptly
to exert your influence to secure the favor
able action of Congress on the subject ?
w. 5. RosEoRANs.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
A sLANDER REFUTED.

The following telegram was sent TO
Washington to aid Bullock and his bench
men in their crusade against Georgia:
SAVANNAH, March 13.-The passage of
Bingham's amendment in the House has
set the worst clements in society wild, and
now the cry of ga damned Republican"
shouted after man is as terrific as ever
the cry of ga damned abolitionist" was
before the war; Neither Mr.. Conant or
myself have ever had anything to do
with the politics of Georgia, nor do we
desire to have. We are here, engaged in
great enterprise, spending millions of
Northern money in building railroads in
Georgia, but this seems to be no prOtec-
ton TO us. Any man disposed to get rid
| of us has only to charge us with political
purposes. earnestly invoke your influ-
ence with Gov. Bullock and with Con-
gross to see us and others like situated
protected. WIN. il. AVERY
The Brunswick (Ga) 1fTcol contains
the following explanation of Avery's
ISLANDERS:
Knowing that the leading statements
contained in a telegram, dated Savannah,
Ca, March Is, and signed by one w. L.
Avery (from this place. and forwarded to
certain Senators in the United States Con
gress, are utterly false and Of n1ischieO-
Gus tendency, we deem it our duty to
give said statements prompt and plain
denial. And for the benefitof our friends
at distance, we make this denial above
our owA proper signatures.
No man is prescribed for his political
opinions. No mans life or property is
endangered. Our community is in state
of peace and quiet.
The undersigned have all removed
South, and settled here since the close OF
the late war, and represent all shades OF
| political opinion.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25

A MAINE woman applies to the State
Legislature for pension, having sent all
her male descendants to the war, and been
left by their loss in the army with thirty
one orphan children to take care Of. Ger
tainly, she ought to have pension, II any
body.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
THE RED SEA.
ACabaiistic Passover.

CabaIIstic FassOVcre
LONDON, March PA cable from Alden,
Arabia, through the Red Sea to Suez,
Egypt, has been successfully laid, complet-
ing direct submarine line from Bombay
~ Srez
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25

The ball given at Ccncordia Hall last
night, by Company A.. Nashville Rifle
Battalion, although not largely attended,
was very pleasant affair, and greatly en-
icyed by those present.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
STUTTGARDT.
The Ministerial Crisis.

STUTTGARDT, March 24.-The King has
accepted the resignation of the Ministry.
A new Cabinet has been formed, with
Komer President of the Council; Col.
Won Suckow, Minister of War, and Coun-
cillor Won Schurlon Minister of Interior.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
ROME
BY Way of England.

ny WHY OF LHsItr1AU'
LONDON, March 24-It is still asserted
that the American Bishops of Rome refuse
to assent to the proclaim alton of Papal in
fallibility, and that every effort to concili-
ate has proved futile.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
THE APPomATTox sUKRENDER

John Estcn Cooke, in his new book,
''Hammer and Rapier," says: --
On the 10th of April, 1865, the old
soldiers of the Army of the Potomac
stretched the hands of comrades to the
foe they had fought SO long. To-day
they are ready to do 50 as much, if the
civilians would only let them. There is a
parsonage more ferocious and implacable
than the fiercest soldier-it Is the man
who has staid at home and never smelt
gunpowder; who, while the rest fought,
clapped his hands, saying: - --
Slight on, my brave boysl You are
covering yourselves with glory, and we
are watching youi"
eff the civilians had been at Appomat-
tox, they would have butchered or hand
cuffed the men Of Lee-would you not,
meisseurs? You would certainly have
split the air with every brass band of the
army, and shouted sHosannah' at their
humiliation. he 81 T-C.-l
"Well, see the difference between men
who fight and men who do not. The old
soldiers of the Army of the Potomac kept
quiet-when Lee appeared at Gen. Grants
quarters, every head was uncovered.
| Victory saluted defeat" --s vino 60. Or
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
A PET OF THE LOYAL SENATE

''Shirley Dare" Miss Dunning) writ
ing to the Chicago Republican, from
Washington says:
ga very well recognized authority in
her department is the bright, young
woman in the ladies' room adjoining the
Senate gallery This is woman's indis-
putable territory, quite distinct iE its
character and habitues from the gaudy
reception-roOm below. Here no male
thing dares to peep or mutter. Here, at
any time of the day. you find ladies cosy
over impromptu cups of tea, boiled over
the gas by the attendant genius. This
Annie, as the door-keeper calls hers the
finest-looking quadrOon | ever saw; tall,
with slim, good figure, fossy hair, ar
ranged with much taste, and features
scarcely suggesting her descent. She re-
ceives with entire ease, and not shade of
subservience, the ladies who come in for
half an half an hours rest and chat over
their political knitting. Indeed, not few
women in public positions might study her
tact and aplOmb with advantage. You
hear Annie inquiring after departed digni-
taries with the freedom of an old
| friend. She has seen three dynasties leave
the capital, for her term of office covers
five years An attempt was made to
Gust her from her place about a year
ago in favor of white woman, but An
ME knew on what key tSplace her supple
fingers; the effort against her came TO
the ears of the Senators, and the intruder
was frowned down in such manner that
no one has dared TO dispute the place
again. 1t is fancied that she had too
much intelligence Of their little private
schemes to render it safe to let her go
about without a good reason for discreet
silence. So she remains and queens it
over teapot and wash-stand, and will do
50 to the end of the chapter" ~. -----
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
To the Lieut.. Gen. DE Ron

A WRITER in an Ohio medica, journal
contends that man is a vegetable, and
argues the proposition at some length. His
arguments have not the true convincing
ring in them, however.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
INSOLyENT NOTICE.
Hjckman county Court.

RI PERSONS HAVING CLAIMS AGAINST
~ tba estate of James Hartman, deceased, are
hereby notified to file them with the Hickman
Comfy Court Clerk, duly authenticated, on or by
ths Isib dav of June next or they will be forever
h--5 roth in law and equity. This Feb. IA, 1870.
satS55 as ]. NJ. MEACHAM, Admir-
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
CONGRESSIONAL.
HOUSE.

WASHINGTON, March "a Immediately
after the reading of the journal the Senate
went into executive session.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1868-1875, 1870-03-25
AFFAIRS In TENNESSEE.
Republican Testimony
Facts, but Not Assertions.

A Wrong Impression as to the Con-
ditiOn of Affairs-Vhat viii be the
Result Of Congressional Enterfer-
encc-The Character of ahe Men
who Demand RecOnstruction-T
Conspiracy Exposed.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26

.aa r a Il
Al MATTER 10 rhtLooKRD kTEE.-
Since It is now evident that the removal
Of The Capital to Charleston viii take
place little over thirty days Hence, and
since but n few days of the session rcnlain,
some action should bc taken TO provide
communication with the Sent Of Govern
mcnt. 1t Is manifcstly impossible that
the Governor and other executive officers
can transact tho public business without
communication by telegraph with tho out
side world. The nearest telegraph station
is now Galllpolis, between sixty and sew
Cnty miles distant. No private company
Is going to build line thence to Charles
ton, because 1t will not pay. Yet the limo
will bc indispensable, aud thercis no way
to have ii but for the State to build it. 1t
will cost, as VIC learn, about $50, ,OOO:' Since
II Is the determination 10 carry the Sent
Of Government to Charleston, it Is not
only necessary hut proper to make due
provision for the means Of communica-
ton essential to the transaction Of the
public business. 1t will be necessary to
provide for this by act, and there Is none
ton much time to prepare bill and get II
through before. tho adjournment
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26
News Of the Day.


Mr., WaddingtOn has arrived from Eng
land 10 press upon the attention Of the
Canadian Government the construction OF
o British Pacific Railroad. He believes
the best point TO commence is the mouth
Of Nepigon river, Lake Superior. All the
money required fOr the work can bO bud
In London.
John Francis Klarenaar, one Of tho
proprietOrs Of the Cincinnati TolkS lIteund,
died suddenly Thursday. night, between
II and 19 O'Clock, at tile age Of G9. Lie
had been connected with that paper III
years, and was prominent and excellent
German citizen. Y y
The fishing schooner Weather Guage,
from Gloucester, is reported lost, with ten
lives.
1.-THE Maine Senate on Friday passed to
cngrossed q, resolution to pay oil con-
tracts made prior to February 25th, 1862,
In gold z "ra@ , itf
An excursion party from Washington,
including Secretary ,Robeson and other
members Of the Cabinet, the British Min
lister and other foreign Diplomats, the
House Naval Committee and other meth
bcrS of Congress, yesterday visited the
Monarch at Annapolis, which went down
the buy to practice with guns, accOmpQ-
MED BY the Monitor TonAwNndn. =.
On the first Of March, and the first Of
each month thereafter, the Secretary Of
the Treasury proposes 10 isslto q circular
Ciyinga list of all the registered bonds cor
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26

TIM FRUIT OF THE REBELiloS.-The
long agony at Washington is over. a
"nigger" sits in the Senate Of tho United
States on perfect equality with the most
Illustrious caucasians of that illustrious
body. Whether he sits in JEFF. DAVIS
old chair, we arc not advised. But he
holds the seat that JEFP. once held, as
Senator from the sovereign State OF Mis-
sissippi, a living and visible illustration
of the rebellion and It's results. go
We take the liberty ofinviting the at
tention of Mr.. DAVIS, of Harrison, to this
Revelation of something which has EVIL
IDENTIFY never been dreamed Of in his PHI
losorhy. .''' z"
GARNET DAVIS still llVcs-and he don't
resign. He ought to bc able to stand It If
REyEIs can,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26
CincinnatI Markct.


FLoUR-Unchangcd family at q 2HG5 80.
N-Wheat-UBchAugEd At 81 OG1l o..
CoFn-DuIl; mixed lots At 110c: prime white OF
yellow at TS674e. Oata-Dnll At 6aGS5c Rye
Dropping at SO6SSc. BarlCy-Dull and dccllnlng;
State 1pTng at S0c6$i %; Canada at 81 O5; winter
CorTOS-DuIl and nominal: mIddlings at aye.
TOBAcco-Plnn and IN good demand at full
rates.
WMAKY-FlFm At gJc.
PROvNIDNG-Dull and nominally lower. Mess
Popk-At $S7fb97 Is. Bulk Mca(s-At 10Y, tx
add l4lfc Bacon-At lax, IBH and 1890.
.LARD-Dull; etcam at I4He; kettle at 1SHc; no
sales.
BUTTER-Scarcc at 00b3Sc.
EddS-At Ifc. -. .r''''s-. -
0IIS-NO chanRe., IinSced Oil-Sl %. Lard
oll-$l 3SfBI %. = % az
GOLD-llGS buying. 4 2. .tf ~S' It
ExS,IASoS-DIil a. 4 10 discount buying.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26
New York Produce Market.

NEw YORK, February 2S.
CoTtoN-o Opened steady and closed dull and
heavy; sales so bales At 23Hc for mlddlinG up
lands.
FIouH-Cloaed quiet and steady With moder'
ate expOrt demand for low grades.
CRGIN-WhRRt-Qule aud 1Fin at 81 lb6l lS
for So : soFinV, and 81 g16bI 9gX for winter rcd
and amber V;eatsFH. Ryc-EOmlnnl. Oats
Dull and heavy at 6jltSlIc for western. Corn
seSrce. 1uI0t and arm u 90asOjc fot Sound new
mixed western, and S1fS9c fol, ,unSound do;
mess for March and April, and 90 Is asked
BSeE-.QuIcs and Ann. cut Meats and Bacon
L1RD-IIAavy without decided change.
E0GG-CloSSd quiet and unchanged,
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26
TENNESSEE.
NAsuvILIE, Feb. 95.

l..a...u. ar. NASHVILLE, Feb. %.
The Senate concured in the House res
OlutIon relating tn tho Fifteenth Amend
ment. lag
Resolutions have been offered in both
Houses To investigate tho charges against
A. j. Fletcher, Secretary Of State, Of
fraud by the sale ofagriCultural land scrip
donated to Tennessee by Congress.
The convention Of COlored men adjourn.
ed after q session Of three days. Reports
Of committees show favorable progress In
education and general Improvement, but
very unsniG stltG Of af&Fsps to personal
security. Numerous onttagts continue to
be pCrpetrated on the cOlorcd people, and
they ask further protection.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26
CURA.Ll
HAVANA, Feb. %.

.,ohl ] iii HAVANA, Feb. 20.
b A fire broke out yesterday on the Car
mai plantation, near CarlGna A high
wind carried the flames 10 the adjoining
estates, and IA fields were destroyed with
all the buildings upon them. Owing 10
the measures oEsafGty now taken every
where in the country the Hhmes were
mastered in hours. Hu." 'i.W
al n ST.. AUGUSTINE, FLA, Feb. 95
Gen. Quesadc, COMMANDMENT. Chief of
the Cuban Army, and staff, arrived here
yesterday 6u an important mission lrorn
President CCsp6des, leaving Gen. Jordan
In command. lie left Cuba on tho 9th
ult., receiving the most enthusiastic dem
onstrations Of confidence from his cOun-
trymen. Pueblo and Goyenecllo had been
defeated in Caraquay, and the Spaniards
disconltltted at all points. @
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1870-02-26
Municipal Election.

Nv I|' w " 'U.IOUISVIIME, Fed. 70.
Tile municipal election, under the new
charter, takes place the first Saturday In
March. NOnomiuating conventions will
be held, but every candidate willrun upon
his merits. Should the ratification Of the
18th Amendment be officially proclaimed
before the election, the cOlOred vote
amounting to A, 900, will be cast.