, 1870-09-20

continued.
TIE report of TIE Committee on
STEEL 71REst WHEEL, AND AxEls
WIS W.; then presented By 1Ir. Phi'ibrlck.
The report states that the points
that Lad been considered were tho wear and
tear, aud the method of setting sad fastening.
From replies received, they found 1865 SETS
Of tires 'n use, aud 6.4ao tires, which were
knirps, 3,1s0; vicLers, 1,7As: Butcher, a9S;
Firth, It's; others. SOL They had received
the cetsils Of The performances OF 69i sets,
from which. it was Cleaned that tho average I
run was 1900 miiss to one-si1teenth Of an
iacl. wear oi tire: The averages Of the differ
ent kinds were: Enipp, 17,i14 miles; yickers, I
II ,51S miles; Firth. II, ,753 tuiies; Butcher, |
12.1Go; Lanmore. IL, 200: Washburne, Y.14l. |
From tto reports, 5i,1 1888 miles was the |
highest average to one-sixteent!l inch wear; |
105, 500; minimum, 1851; 16,001 miles was |
the general average OF the pas; year, whic,, I
showed general decrease in the uunlber |
of miles from last year Much depends on |
the weight Of the engine md nature Of ser
vice. On some ROADS the highest ulilease'was
found that tho average work Of ~ -iuch tire
Was over 1856. 900 miles before turning was re-
Qui1e6. and this was greater than experience
would SHOW. though care vas taken in their
proper const1uction-as result 2i0, ,001 miles
probat le Hosk OF 2515-inch tire. Ii was be-
lire. Very few tires reported en dale ea1ier
than 1eG6. Ono Of the Knipp's used in C.sn-
ada: inclles thick, lad run down to u, AMI
was sill in use, mileage mt given. Oua of
Iic!;ers PLACED Oh the Eastern Eoasi, De: 5nl~
miles and vas now .1:s inches thick. Que
i1rl.ea ran 1as.is5 miles thickness Il
date. ~; irches. uuo in September |
same year, 2!tt inches t1irk ran 12a.--
on the Great Western Road III April 1aj3. at
FL 2rl inches thlcEness. was now y ( inch after
167,087 miles Of service. In regard to the
brcakage Of tires, the ratio out Of 60 which
had been reported az broken was: Kuipp- 2;
Vickers, 40; Butcher, g. Firth, 3; others. 6;
deduced that the ratio OF brcakago is 60 in
6,490, the average of each different make
ranging from 924-1G(0ths per cent to TX pcr
cent. OF tho eight Butcher tires that lad
fractured fro were designated as English aud
tie other three wero broken on the Great
Butchers make. It had been reported of the
uixty ulcnsi6ocd above that for;y-seyen l,atl
broken in cold weather, and that ttirtE-thrce
we're fractured transversely. olgtt Longitude
nally; eight showed flaws in the metal, AMI IN
two cases o. btcakage serious damage had
ern Raitrosa reports their tires wore
TO one inch, and. b5ing removed, eet were
fonnd 70 have -tgIaS fracture, and were
taten from the ROAD 10 avoid al accident. In
variety of ways-Eone by shrinkage, othors
ty Fciews md bolts. Some rods allowed
si!rirkase OF from 1-40th to 1-loth OF All inch
in ! 60-inch wheel, ani others a1faved l-S0th
to the foot diameter. 2-10oths shrinklGe was
recommended to foot dilme:er. The rest1-
ter. Care should lie taken in boranq tires,
ard If SCREWS arc found necessary, when worn
thin, they eau be applied. But bolts are not
recommended, as eome fractures haya been
reported where the break tcas through the boil
hote. Bolts or get ecrows are therefore, not
recommended. Some OF Butchers tires
lad been found to Wear the tlange on
| the Lohigh Valley R-iIroad Eat few
| roads report steel wheels III use, aud those
are doing we'll. Strong doubts ara held as to
| the superiority OF steel over i.cn wheels, aod
| we'll chilled iron is thought the best. From
believed, in durability aud safety, steel Are
superior to iron, and it ia thought the two
| points make up for extra cost. On the Lc-
high Valley forty-eisht Eesssner steel ax|ea
zero in Use, but the company did not think
| them better t1,an hammered iron. The Great
| western railroad ouy used them short time.
and thought the fest wcIe those tough and
colt i'll the centre. bnt we're no better tllau
good scrap iron. It was thought steel uay be
| made superior in the end, and that it would
justify the extra EXPENSE:
Tho report was received and the committee
discharged.
After long discussion the rho1a u;ject-
szts Of tire and centies-was laid upon tl,t
table.
ANTI FRICTION AND SIDE Valves.
Mr.. Nnscr, Of the Lahigh Valley Railroad
presented tic report OF the Coo1m1ttee on Bal.
arce .nd Anti-ftietlop Side VEi;aa. Twelve
kinds have been examined The Etist.l valve
IS objected to because it anows the steam to
escape, but compared fayorabtY With the com.
mon slide valve. The expense on bituminouE
coal engines doubled rs compared with the
common valve. Tie principal objection is t1e
haz Of steel placed above and below tue roller
This mo1e THAI overba!ancos what is saved it
friction. Sai}bet's patent consists in suspend
ing valves on two steel shafts aud four stee
rollers working on steel brakes, so that tx
motion. They worked easily when first ap
piled 1luder pressure Of steam. Composed o
90 many parts lla: lc to get out Of ordsr
the valve has not proved as valu
atle as the slide valve. Adams valy.
n sprae ahenea to loIa I Il up, t. ' tic iuzida Of Ii
! steam clest cover. On one road it has ru
we'll, an1 on ali othera they nsye abandoac
, ii, AZ the spring aul packing would not slant
: Richardson's patent valve, III u.e three ye1r
} on one road, proved defective. 1t has bee
uEctl en- another road sish:een months, al
| ia highly spoken Of The other patents hay
not given ary very favorable results. Report
| from tla maR1er mechanics who have uss
the ii;ji-iction r11!ce. show that nuae r.:
) yet been found Of sufficient merit as stan,
s ard valve
Report received aud committee discharges
EoIER ExLos10Ss
: Mr. Lcscy. OF the L. y. 1. & C.. T. + pr
> kented tho report OF the Commissee OF bsil
5 Explosions. 1t states that no rational theu
5 can be given to explain them. They ayo iii
I | arf10 ar m r
! liebtc observations can be made, Experiment
afte- accidents prove but little, as the weak
% portion OF the boiler always gives out first
0 the defective part yields. Steam is the '
Il hicle Of heat ard acts Yery ral.i1ly. Expl
sons Sc M MsTays g, rfa r 1s9 fs9 foy
: 'ow:preszure boilers, which frequen
= exploce with great forcc. All con-
Is tions being equal, the violence Is
l2 same, whether it il 4 low Ct high-pTessu
boiler. Steam rushes out OF ruutrre vi
y the velocity OF 1000 feet per second. 7
- cient to rend boiler where rupture e4is
The great majority Of boilers explode I
ward, the crown-sheet giving way ~
HeylnG the steam pressure, a rupture. Il u
= ticed, may not lead to an explosion. Boite
hare been known to serre well With dafecti
j, sheets, but this practice is denounced 7
rs persuasive force Of steam is independent
+. ait known rules Of government The tubu
a. boilers have been discarded from tho fact Il
al | their great heating surface renders them
" 4 bic to diaaetere. On Western river stea
l. boats, boilers have been found that Q.
10 bulged out three inches and did not exp1o
II Lut, in the face Of all the facts, though til
"a are often good and strong REASONS for M
explosions, no general decision could be gss
y i'll regard to their ca:aes.
ef The report was received aud tho commit
r. discharged. >,
n 11r. Hudson, Of the Rogers Locomo;i
"a Works, said the wafer in boiler is To- OF I
RI same Temperature, nor does the aate-m e1
as else the same degree of pressure ln all poi1
There is not always the amount OF heat so
ut mp in the boiler that is thought. The conc
3, eire presE ure is exactly IN accordance =
~ | the heat in the water. II perfectly cy.
ns drical boiler could be made, it would bo nj
d. stronger. but the laps Of the plates give
e,1 double tli.kue3s in some portions, and
II weakness is found to lie in these laps.
re- 1 lupgitu5ipal 4eanS. 4 is the impact
~ the water, and not the impact o: the atsa
ba that causes explosions II the tempeiaat,' pa ,
OF is suddenly reduced froEo any cause, anu
i'm heat taken up from the heated Plates,. :,
,cs steam cannot be contained in the epace =, :.
n. created, and the pressure becomes 20 e
u.s. that no safetT- valve will relieve II; n teg
LOT | to hydraulic tests, there is none thss can
we relied upop, He thought the proper 81
he guard was in procuring the pest matena1ssI
~ l nn.~1.'sH !. ..1athar IN fha best manner.