The New York herald., 1870-05-13
The EASTERN QUESTION.

q
n Herald special letter. lhe Key ei tho
East in y,ennn.
ST. PETERSBURG, Arri, q, 1870.
short me sine, panpn OF ont d ..An1n 90
Vostpchnon voprose" tOpn,on On the Eastern
Quest On, y was paDllsh 4, st. p &c sburg a
caused al immense sensation throughout Eastern
Enrope, especially In Austria and Turkey. Ti,s
IampnIct, wnttln by he celebrated mill
tary author, General IadeyeI. Is deyosed
10 consideration OF The Eastern quest on.
Composed IN tie Russian language 1t was
sooa tr nsated into German ana French ~ well as
81 hemi ~ Servian ana her slavonlc dialects. Ac
co ding to q coun received re ntly from Constan-
Il Ople, extrlcts from this WORK, principally those
artS re,a ing TO o Ottoman eInr Ire, nave been
T I'latcd into I. rklsh and real to sultan upon
WON they ore said To nave made @ p oiound Inn
preston. General Fadeyea's boos, wrlt,en as Il is.
VA h great aDiy. aud by o mai h.gnly instructed
bot az q statesm and 30 disr, and treating CT
question waich reates not merely past OF Europe,
Tut TO the future OF ciy.hzauon the East g u
gent reader. ana to create hosts OF friends and
enemies. That TINS was really tn, fact had occa-
sloa 10 see in journey which made, shortly alter
the appearance Of the Rus sal pamphlet, from Bucli-
Arrest. the capital OF Wallacna to Pesta Vienna an
Prague
No ner had crossed the Carpathan Mo ntlins
ana arrived at Cronstadt, the lst town IN Transyl-
vana, Tn n found Jnal tie new p ipers were Il he'd
with criticisms OF Generai Fayeders new work. 1t
Was the subject OF conversation society In public
llaces anu hote,s, md l.. acted attention 10
such do re- ~s % Sans C.e most a.notious
auLn III iiB owe or con- mpra Y fame. Cont nVl.
Ing my journey ound still eater esclt me n
hungary. IN he own ol Ar,i, al ar % IN eIGg
he Il Or the y rDose OF discussing questions c.il-
nee cd with tAe ilonveds. tne hAngaral Ie leral
well a.! the cni-l GA or OF ne day made
Fadeyed's pook che su1Iec OF q graas
Sars Of a,es MS ,s ,saeecn an a@sIan. Of ca
ot the AUSTRIAN empire. In pes.n, Nlen q
and Pra sue, the name oi the Russian General was
o. every oio's Ii y. For the Slavo.lic part, he y
ms nero OF the day, 70. he q r.iap5 ne was tete
'iOtr o. the Ia. gest ana ugliest dimensions. Inc
30 inlon on the va terl QuestIonp Was 90 lnscaIea
by the Austr a po ce lew days Ter l.s appear
an @ IN tle CzceS eition az Praane, and the pu =
Usher pros ed for IA UIfence AGAINST the y ate
avn To the world 4, obje tiOa sDie work. Pre-
vlOus - III > bl h.haDded act tle pat o. gov
ernment wnicn pr Jfesses such we tor con ii n
uoiidlism, several CZe K LOwJS had cOu.err N
q nera fadeyer no lorary cti ensh,p. an exam 10
which w.ls followed by many ,orporatO lat a, 30
that tie izne OF tue Boa man edition, ms cad or
serving the vienna DnreatcratS, gave tie Czecks u
good opportunity OF making an opposition demon
STRAIT on.
A few days after the confiscation OF tn, Prague
ediio a teieg, am apg cared the Vienna papers
Sting that General Fad Ell had Deel arrestod Il on
the Ga Ian ooicr while Oh his to Prague, Dut
That, owing . IN order OF 20 ~ BeusG h had been
Set a. nbeT,y. Thi. as We as doZcn her S oie )
eque lly absurd, We It the roand o. The Austr al
pa ers, aud teAdld only 70 ncr ase til Gcmonstra-
toas IN bohe MA. Gen RAJ Faieyen IA hort tan :,
OWING 90 g In )rt Ss.On he made on hlS Sa .oaic
ret, ~. became. IN tie inagilaiJn of TN, vienna
JouI naiSt5, sort OF o.nn present ald active rep
Sentative OF Pats avis IL appearing nov nc ne
point and ihe nexG oaY dve nundred inil y ava.
All th i'm: he Gen raj was living a uety al st.
Petersburg, aad devog NJ is &c 81 o noar5 10 an
eXann.arioa of the iiroAd sgs.em OF Southern Rus
sil, concerning Whlch he has since published able
review.
Not ong after the appearance OF rhe 'sOpinion on
tie Eastern Question" an answer 10 1t was prepared
~ Bar. n Won neileri, OF Flela. former ecary
STATE and at pr sent iriyy g unc nor. Since these
two pamphlyts--one BY a Russ an General and me
other by distinguished Austr an olficial- contain
exec ient statencltS from uInefenG poiJts view,
bOtn OF ths external rela Ons Il AustriL and Russia
and the internal cond Ton OF the tOrmcr country,
snai end ,avor 20 give short review OF D1sn IN The
rnc an nor Of the "opnIon on the Ea tern oues-
ton,' Ge leral Rostislilf Faleyen 1 a,u well ac-
made in the Caucasus III 1861 met IA In Kuias,
The capital OF the Neste n division OF the irans.
Ctuca Us. lie was then occupied IN inspecting tie
rJvps and iorresses on the eastern coast OF the
Black sea and Oh the Turkisl frontier. Since Gene
RAJ fadeycu TOOK very lively interest in American
afairs and we were both uaveiling IN the sane Iii
Iecion, he insisted on my taxing In has car
riage. Att.r very pleasant dinner, 10 which we
were both IN itcd by Count LevGshoff the Governor
OF KuCaIs, We set ut OH our journey. After passing
the helghts OF suram, which separate Ea tern from
Western Georgia, we turned to the south and went
q, far as Akba Tx. After making sho circuit ne
the frontier we started for This, making some
visits on tue way to Georgian antlhDdeis. This was
done III order 10 SHOW Tho mode oI life In the
interior or che country. During thsB Journey our
conl ers2tions were vi The most var ID cha acter,
keeping UP as far possible tire poson OF lis
tener found the General to be O man OF extensive
travel and varied experience. He had been in
almost every country IN Europe, and had studied
governments and society under great variety OF
forms. lie had served for many years on the Cau-
casus, and had fought In ASIA Minor and In the
Cnmea. Tae United states Possessed Tor him q great
world new type Of government ana society as Tor
the lessons which IL Afforded in the art OF
war. In the course OF our journey he MS
tory OF the late rebellion and the political
condition OF the country preceding ir were repeat
edly referred TO. On boh or these subjects he was
well informed and criticised the different campaigns
with q degree OF accuracy ana business that sur
prised me- considering that he had studied tuem ON
the Caucasus SO much FOR the author or the Rus
sian pamphlet, who, besides his military ACTIVITY
has shown ability as writer and pampalg gteer Ills
works written previous 10 t!e one now under CON
sderation are: .sslxty Years, war on the Caucasis
"Letters from the uaucasus," 1.-THE Armed Power Of
Russia"
Tns main idea in General radeyen's pamphlet was
gwen by the hsR4LD correspondent III ter from
Pcsth IN fhe month Of October last, on
lated from English ino Czeck, Servian and other
Siavontc languages. and arrested good dea OF AZ
tention at the time on account OF the facr that an
American traveller should come 10 the same conclu-
sion as the R.ssian General without having leen In
connec I'm with ninl. The HERALD letter was pub
lished two months be!c,e tn pamphlet. THIS CON
cilence lu views was taken rs proof OF Their just
ness
fadcyeffTs idea is that tho Eastern question is a
SiasOnic question. This iOiloWs very simply from
the fact that rhreefourths Of the inhabtants OF
European Turkey are Slavonials and u similar pro-
portion Of the inhabitants OF austria. The latter
Power is therefore at once brought into he cOndI-
uon OF sick man, the difference being that Aus la
is civilized sick man and Turkey y b9rbarous
0ne On Turkey the General does not bestow much
attention. since the present system has no vitality
but exists merely because ~ Is upheld by the Western
Powers Tor purposes OF their own, and not because
they thnk is mas any Inherent value Il Of benefit
- tho Christians living under it. II Is Aus ria alone
mat renders solution OF the Eastern question dun.
cult, Notwithstanding the fact that but small MI
noriy OF the subjects OF the House OF Hapsburg are
Germans. The Vienna government insists upon con-
sacnng the majority as nothing more less than
materials for GermanzaioD. AS to the SavOnans
being an Inferior race, it would seem that such men
IA Huss 1izka Copernicns, John Sobesk. Potter the
Great. ana the Emperor Justinian, VINO was de.
sceIded fiom Bulgarian shepherd would he suii-
cieut to show the contrary. Austria therefore,
by its present system OF making the denatonazatiOn
o. the majority OF the inhabitants of the empire
principle VI State makes common cause with Turkey,
which has similar population, but less developed.
80 ong as Austria Will not cease her nal
policy, and cannot carry t out with any better sue
cess she must he the chief friend o. Turkey, and the