New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1870-01-25

GEOLOGICAL REroRT Or TIE EXPLORATION or TIE VEL
RHe.G-t) S. T. Rsy1, corr. o. E,g.nser lis-6. Wash.
irs1u: Cover meat Printing OAce 1853 Pamphlet
DR.. Hayden spent several years in ,he West
making scientific observations on his own account before
attaching himself TO the expedition sent ont 10y the Coy
err In 1859 aud 1861 to explore that vast region OF
county bordering upon the Yellowstone and Missouri
Rivers the exact counterpart Of which probably does
not exist on the globe. The report, although strictly
.eoptBc aud technical is clearly and forcDy written
npd gives an accurate and vivid idea Of this and
interesting country. Until the explorations of DR..
HAYDEN we had no accurate account OF the geology Of
this section ana the imperfect description Of che few
travellers who had passed through II only served 10
increase the desire know of it, II seeme strange
thar the center Of continent should have been almost
a terra icogiq until 80 recent a period but those who
have been there and know the difficulties that have 10
H. oyercomc-the great distance 10 travel overland and
for the most part through trackess waste. without
means Of subsistence for man or beast and the "anlcr
from the Hdian,-can appreciate tile value ana Import
Of these surveys. and the energy aud perseverance
Of Dr. Hayden and his party.
The geological facts and deductions thera'rOm win he
scerod SIS valuable addition to the kuewode Of the
scientific world. and viii prove useful aso 10 The iufur"
Immigrant and pioneer Dr. Hayden traces the Missouri
River and it, tributaries from their sources 10 her
pouths. These streams drain hydrC graphic basin.
h an 81 nearly 1,O0OJl square mikes, she Missouri
+ uaygsble about 3nO0 miles, ana the lcio0 stone
Us large.. branch Cor about miles. The Ncpw-joe
ri-es In what called Yellowstone Lake, which Is about
G. miles long and 10 20 wide The hunters and trppor
OF that region assert that IL this lake is hot Ccyser
which discharges large volume OF water al intervals OF
about four minutes. II is 10 he regretted thar Dr Hay
don dd NOT investigate this and settle the question. BE
sides the rivers above mentioned there many Others
ruptying into the Missouri. Among then Is Cannon
Ban River taking It's from the connections which
crop out o its bans and It's shores. These eoncre
tons vary from the size of nn'ket bali to
several feet diameter. sometimes two OF them are
,oined together like dumb-bell. presenting a very
strange appearance. White River, which takes It's name
from tho thick scum that gives 10 II the appearance OF
lime wafer and makes II mat for use, through that
poroa called the MsuVaises Tcrres.
Pursuing his course west, Or Hayden minniely
describes the geological formation Of the Black IIs
occupy OF about 100 miles IN length and
about 60 ~ breadth He represents them about 400
500 feet above the ana the highest peak 200 feet
He estimates that about 1900 square miles OF this lie
covered With excellent pine timber, which could be
brought market by floating down the Cheyenne River,
which flows By Theses mountains, aud 20 the Missouri
River during the rise Of the the sprHg. In
mense deposits Of Ignite found all through these
Segons and In passing along the banks % tile rivers they
present curious appearance. the parallel veins
above the other running along for nles as clean and
sharp they had been painted jet black Dr. Hayden
thinks that this ignite evidently deposited III large
bodies Of water which were first braeksh aud then
gradually became fresh The great numbers OF fossil
leaves and numerous beds OF Ignite contained IN il
clearly that the shores OF these ancient estuares
lakes &c. IN which this formation deposited, sup
ported dense Of large trees growth Of veg
citation far exceeding In luxuTiahce anything be
met with IN these lattudes Indeed the presence Of
fanpams OF large size and the remains Of the genus
erOcoiias well the aiinities OF the mollusca "a
souhern FORMS ali point rather to the existence here Of