The Jackson standard. [volume] (Jackson C.H., Ohio) 1847-1888, 1870-12-15

alton ofa new commonwealth, renders signal
service to his country, and Is entitled toits spec
ial favor and protection. The laws secure that
object, and largely promote the general welfare.
They should, therefore, be cherished asa perma-
nent feature of our land system. Good faith re-
quires us to give full effect to existing grants.
The time-honored and benencent policy OF set
ting apart certain sections of the public land for
educational purposes In the new States should
be continued. When ample provision shall have
been made for these objects, submit, aS a ques-
tion worthy OF serious consideration, whether
the residue of our national domain should not
be wholly disposed of under the provisions OF
the Homestead and Presumption lows. In adj
dition to the swamp and oyerhowed lan1S
granted to the State in which they are situated,
the lands taken under the Agricultural ColIege
acts and for internal improvements or improve
ment purposes under the act of September, iotl,
and the acts supplemental thereto, there hau
been conveyed up to the close of the last fscal
year, by patent or other equivalent evidence o.
title TO States and corporations; 2IS3237 ana id-
100 acres for railways, canals ana wagon I0uus; 70
1t is estimated that an additional quantity OF
ia 75523 acres Is still due under grants for ike
uses The policy of thus aiding the states IN
building works Of internal improvement was IN
augurated more than forty years simeon the
grants to Indiana and Illinois on the opening OF
The canals to connect the waters Of the WaDash
with those of Lake Erie, and those OF the ILLINOIS
with those Of Lake Michigan. 1t was ioI0Weu, ioI,
with some modification, in the grant of ILLINOIS
of alternate sections of public land Within GER
tain limits of the Illinois Central KallWay'
Fourteen States and sundry corporations nave
received similar subsidies in connection Wlh
railways completed OF In process Of construction.
As the reserved sections are rated as CouDle tne
minimum price the sale of them on tho enhanc-
I'd prices has thus In many instance yindemhlned
the Treasury for the granted lands The con-
structlon of some of these thoroughfareS mas un-
doubtcdly given vigorous impetus TO the deVel-
opment of our resources, and the settlement OF
the more distant portions Of the country. 1t
may, however, be well insisted that much OF our
legislation in this regard has been characterized
by iudiscrlminate and profuse lberality. Tho
United States should not loan their credit in aid
of any enterprise undertaken by States or cor
pOratiOns unless the projected works arc OF &c
knOwlcdged material Importance. am strongly
inclined to the opinion that 1t Is inexpcdient
and unnecessary to bestow subsidies Of either
description, but should Congress determine 9TH
wise, earnestly recommend that the rights Of
settlers and of the public be more eflectually
cured, and by appropriate legislation.
During the year ending September 20, 1870,
there were filed In the Patent Office 474ll appli-
cations for patents, 1914 caveats, and 100 applca-
tons for the extension Of patents; 1852 patents,
extended, l,0S0 allowed but not issued by reason
of the nOnpayment of the final fees. The receipts
of the Office during the fiscal year were sl363i 70
In excess ofits expenditures.
The work Of the Census Bureau has been cner-
getically prosecuted. The preliminary report,
containing much information OF special value
and interest, will be ready for delivery during
the present session. The; remaining volumes
ent with perfect accuracy In arranging and
classifying the return. We shall thus ut no dis
tant day be furnished with an authentic record
of our condition and resources. II will, doubt
not attest the growing prosperity of tho country,
although during the decade which has just closed
II was SO severely tried by the great war waged
to maintain It's integrity, and to secure and per-
petuate our free institutions.
During the last fiscal year the sum paid to
pensioners, including the cost of disbursement,
was s27, ,7SOSl II, ana l,75S bounty land warrants
were issued. AT It's close l0S,6S6 names were on
the pension rolls. The labors Of the Pension
Office have been directed to Il severe scrutiny OF
the evidence submitted In favor Of law claims
and. to the discovery OF fictitious claims which
have been heretofore allowed, The eappropra
tion for Unemployment Of special agents for tho
investigation Of frauds have been judcialy used
and the results obtained have been OF unques
tionable benefit TO the service
The subjects Of education and agriculture are o
great interest to the success of our republican in
stitutlons, happiness, and grandeur as nation
In the interests of one bureau has been cstab
ishcd in the Interior Department, the Bureau
Of Education, and in the interests Of the other,
separate Department, that OF Agriculture. be
| hevc great general good Is to follow from tn
| operations ofhoth these bureaus, ifrropcrly foa
| tered | can not commend to your careful con
slderatiOn too highly the reports ofthe Commits
| sioners OF Education and OF Agriculture, ,nOEuIg
too strongly the liberal legislation to secure thci
4 efficiency.
In conclusion, would sum up the policy G
the administration to be thorough enforcement
of every Inv. faithful collection OF the taXt
provided for, economy in tho disbursement {
the same n prompt payment OF the debt OF In
nation, reduction OF taxes as rapidly us the rC
quircments of the country Will admit, n reduC
i ton of taxation and the tariff TO DO 80 arrange
as to afford the greatest relief to the creates
number, honest ana fair dealings with all othC
people to the end that war; with all its blightin
consequences, may be AVOIDED, but without su
rendering any right or obligation due to us;
reform In the treatment Of the Indians, and
fIaan tsWUNN HpN
In securing a sure, untrammeled ballOt,at whic
every man entitled 10 cast u vote may do so Ju
once ut each election, without fenr or molesti
ton, or prescription on account Of his politics
fuith, nativity or color
(igned U, >, GRANT.
EXECUTIVE MANSION, Dec.j,lS7O. ~.