The New York herald., 1870-10-21
HERALD FRIDAY OCTOBER g. 187o-TRlPLE SHEET

irnperis, government and the withdrawal Of the
colony, and which has already been proved by ex-
perIence. We did not want their trOOps-not we;
We were quite able and willing TO pro.ec. ourselves rs
the day In not far distant when the tables
would be turned and Great Britain would be
vanquish her encmies-that sne woud-but don't
she wish she Liay get 1t? our quarrel was because
not mean it; and when we explained and wished 10
retain the red coats she insultngly referred to our
dispatches, which had been preserved, instead OF
being consigned to warm place and, notwith-
Standing our rsmonstrance, Withdrew her men and
left IN the lrcn Alter The members Of the House
had exhausted themselves the matter ended in
smoke, and many OF the honorable gentlemen, no
doubt consoled themselves with the opiate that we
America. / must here remark a that ne Quarrel Mi
above referred to is solely between the two gov.
ernments. believe that almost TO q man m, colo
nists entirely. approve and see the justice and
leniency OF OF the policy OF Great Britain towards
the colony, and their most earnest desire Is that the
present connection and friendship with her may
continue I'LL the end OF time the advent OF the
Mllennium, whichever event may first come to pass.
COLONIAL FINANCES AND RAILROAD ENTERPRISES.
our Colonial Parliament Ia still In sesslon, and f
ture historians VIII distinguish II the borrowing
Parliament" From the treasurer's financial state
ment 1t apnears thatthe total colonial debt, less The
sinking Iund accrued, was f4,2oo,o0o OF which
f62s, QUO was represented by treasury bills. Those
bills remain debt until November, 1874, when some
arrangement VIII have TO be made regarding them.
The total for the ensuing ear ne estimated
az fl056,OOO and the expenditure ,050 600, lcav
ing surplus OF $4,000 Tor the year. Colonial
scneme6 on somewhat extensive scale are also pro-
pounded. These We're based ON the following prin-
ciples:-Frst, that both islands should share in the
work. second, that b0n should share In Its results;
third, that as few political changes as possible should
be made; and. fourth, that all allowance should he
made for the various conditions and circum-
stances OF the different parts OF the colony.
1t was proposed 10 enable the provinces Of the
North Island TO acquire landed estate to the
amount Of f000 000 the cost to be charged upon the
DrOVlQCeH, ana tnelr lands their prOceedg. t0
used for railway and immigration purposes. II was
proposed 10 spend f40000O upon roads In the North
Island ana TO give an equal amount TO tue South
Island, 10 be spent exclusively upon railways, and
TO be divided among provinces in proportion to
their receipts from the consolidated revenue. IL was
proposed that during the next ten years system Of
railways should be constructed the North Island
from Auckland TO Wellington, with different branch
lines ana IN the Middle Island from Nelson to Lnver
cargb, with various branch lines. those railways
from the north to the south OF the colony, were
posed to be commenced at q number Of different
points and constructed as cheapy as possible, the
payment to be made III money or by guarantees,
subsidy or land, or by two or more Of these modes.
the general government was 10 enter into con-
tracts for the construction OF the lines at the wish
or the provinces, the cost 10 DC charged to the
provinces or 10 be betrayed by land; but half the
amount Of the stamp duties were 10 be allocated
specially Tor railway purposes. The lines should be
uon OF the cost should DC betrayed out of The returns
as the works were pushed on. IL was also proposed
70 authorize &200,000 to be advanced to provinces
for water supply gold fields, 100000 be spent
on telegraph extension and 1880 on immlgra-
tlon The total expenditure Gl0, GEO. 00o would be
spread over ten years, but 1t was computed that
great part or that sum would be betrayed ont OF
land or be represented 10y guarantee Of interest.
The total amount proposed 10 be borrowed during
the ten years was 5000 600, inclusive Of any loan
obtained from the Imperial government
The enumeration Of proposals TO incur re-
spoosibilsies OF such magnitude, ana appa-
rently SO greatly ont OF proportion to the
revenue OF the colony, caused considerable
excitement, not only In the House, but throughout
the provinces. Their discussion occupied the time
ana attention OF honorable members
ny some the scheme was looked upon as mastery
conception, one which would set the country
ag0mg and secure its prosperity forever BY
0tners 1t was considered as the most absurd and
arrant Jolly which had been attempted III con-
neCtlon with the colony; That IL would only excite
temporary and deceptive prosperity, so long as the
borrowed money was being expended, after which
the colony would be utterly ruined; that in the
meantime IL would induce an lnlux OF advcnturers
who would secure large portion OF The spoll and
clear oUt when the evil arrived leaving the per-
manent c0lOniss overburdened with debt and the
colony bankrupt. After full discussion the scheme
was slightly modiled-that Is, the sum to be bor-
rowed was reduced from I6,0v 000 to in
cluding 81, ,00e,0)0 which has been negotiated for
by the Commissioners and the imperial government.
Tne only thing now Is to secure he money, and
then won't we have jolly times, for few years at
least?
THE POLITICAL sysTRN.
DullnR the present session few other important
measures nave been introduced and discussed. To
fully understand some OF these IT. lS necessary to
keep in MIND that the colony Is divided into nine
provinces. each with separate representative gov
ernnent These miniature governments ape ali the
dignity and forms OF the English Parliament. They
have their speech from the throne by the .superln-
tendenJ'l, their Speaker ana officers dd lya,,talu
For many years strife has ragged between two
different political parties-the ''centralisisn and
'provlncaitstso The former point to the grevously
overgOverned state Of tie country and the encl-
NOUS expenditure entalled In keeping up. SO many
mutation parliaments and petty governments,
while the latter point TO the rapid settlement OF the
country as the result OF the exertions Of local gov
ernments In the discussion which mas ensued upon
the subject parties have frequently abandoned their
POSITIONS aud all sorts OF schemes have been advo-
Gated TO get rid OF their double government. One
proposes the total abolition provincial Institutions
the colony to DC governed by one general govern.
ment at wellington. Another proposes extending
the powers or the provincial legislature and confn-
ing the action Of the general government to matters
purely federal. one proposes financial sepa-
ration or the two Islands; another total
During the present session resolutions III favor OF
medium course were introduced by the Speaker OF
the Council of this province These proposed TO
tabsh the Two Islands into separate PROVINCES still
preserving the general government, but 1t to have
federal powers only, ana TO take cognizance OF mat
tiers relating to the postal service &C. These reso
out, SO that the subject still remains open one
and Is likely to form the subject OF discussion tor
An act has been passed for the union OF the two
provinces OF Otago and southland. These were
originally one, but portion seeded some ten years
ago and took the name OF Southland This Juvenile
province went ahead with more pluck than wisdom,
undertook public works, formed railways, &c, at
cost far above lts 1t speedily got into debt
dull times ensued creditors were clamorous and to
meet Its Liabilities IL signided its willingness 10 re-
turn TO its parent. This step has now been
speedily become an accomplished fact
THE MAORI WAR STAMPED OUT
Az to the war with the natIves--if the dislOyalty
or handful OF Maoris can be dignlfed by the
term--f believe It II about stamped out. re kosti
the principal leader OF the rebellion, is still at large
with score, or 1t may be, few score or followers,
and occasionally makes raids upon tile friendly
natives when q few shots exchanged, and, il
may be, man may chance to have MS leg or his
SkuIl fractured. but this aDOut the extent
lt. Since our sa.ooo,oOO loan was expended the
slnews OF war nave not been SO pentiiuly supplied
and, have little doubt, they stopped altogether
The war would follow suit Indeed, the conviction
Is pretty prevalent that but for the benefits to
Keepers and others in the North Island which ac-
:rued from the war, 1t would long ago have been a
thing Of the past.
CLIMATIC CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECT ON AGRICUI-
TURE.
For many months past the weather has been ex-
tremelv cold, wet and unfav0rable agrculturists
For some cause or other, at present unexplained a
radical change for the worse seems to have
taken place with regard to the weather.
and from cause, also undiscovered