Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1870-12-05

tnIougLout its Whoie extent, was made free for
the subjects u both crowns. In 1883 the Ar
gentine Confederation by treaty threw omen
the free navigation Of the Parana, and the
Uruguay to the merchant vessels of All nations
in 1856 the. var was clos Sd by q treaty
which provided for the free navigation OF the
river Danube. In 1883, Bolivia by treaty, de-
clsred that II regarded the rivers Amazon and
La Plata, in accordance with fixed principles of
nationol law, as highways or channels opened
by nature for the commerce OF all nations.
in 1853, the Paraguay was made free by
treaty, and i'm December. 1864, the Emperor OF
Brazil, by imperial decree, declared the ANA
zon re he open to the f ontier of Brazil, to the
merchant ships OF all nations. The greatest
living British authority on this subject, while
asserting the abstract right of the British
aim, says: " 1t seems difficult 70 deny that
Great Britain may ground her refusal upon
strict law, but it is equally difficult
TO deny, first, that doing she exercises harshy
an extreme and hard law secondly, that her con
Tltn Der conduct with respect to The navigation Of
the Miss5ssrH, % the grpona tina. shs Posssssed
rise she insisted on the right to nav gate the entire
tIn the ground that she posses both b. nks of the
81 Lawrence, whtre i disenbOgues itself INTO the
CATION. though about half of the waters LAX
ontario. Erie. Buron and Superior, and the Whole
of Lase Michigan, through which the river flows,
are the property Of the United States.
The notifications fof the Naturalization Con-
vention between Great Britain and the United
States have also been exchanged during the
recess; and thus a long standing dispute be-
tween the two governments has been settle
in accordance with the principles always con.
tended for by the United States.
The whole nation is interested in securing cheap
from the sgrieultpra, states Of me
those States il secures greater return Tor the r
labor, to the inha btants OF the sesboard il affords
nual surplus OF wealth. 1t is hoped that the gov.
eminent Of Great Britain will see the Justice of
abandoning the narrow and Inconsistent claim to
which her Canadian provinces have urged her sd
~ S..rraso5 o,,,r,o-.. i. . ,,,L;... A.. -,:.L /.
called your special attention at the last session
suggested that WILL in future have TO look NOR
for revival our representatives. 10 ali these gov.
ernm 1 have efeIted their intiuencs 20 en-,
But the fact exists that the carrying i.
while this Iof arrs exists we s saenSi CON,
s eie P P The Of
japan is absut an the carrying trade conducted
pocy that line Of liberal
Will insure its success and even increased
The of building iron vessels, the only oues
that can compete with ferean ships in the carry
than in foreign countries that, without some asst.
lance IRON the soyeInment they cannot be success
ls:d before Congress in the course Of the present
.eautd h. O. to remedg Tor this evil Even If i
hope such encouragement will he given as Viii -.
cure Amer lean shipping on the high land Ameri
The cor dition Of the archive s at the Department
OF State calls for the early action Of CopRress The
srucr ure, an incony snient distance from the Tx
ecutlIe Mansion, and from the other departments il
not capaey sceommOd the archiyes: nd is not
hfe proof It's remote situation, ats slender true
but little hsps !, Of I"t sas ~ t fn
slDeI the building or its contents IN Of the
It's destruction would involve the loss of the rolls
S% nnerds thf h GIsai acts and res9lnt9ms Of
and Of the Confederation: of the whole seri. OF din
iGnatic and consular archives since the adoption nf
The Constitution; and Of the many other valuable
1Ids and papers lett with that department when il
wac the principal depository OF the governmental
ARCHIVES recommend an appropriation fer the con
siIncton Of building for the department OF STATE
lrecominend 10 consideration the prosperity
transferring Ia the Department of the Interior.
which they seem more appropriately 20 belong, an
p9TeL ard duties in relation to the territories with
WHICH The department OF state l. now charged by
law or usages and from the Interior Department to
onT :, I ,DeIaItheni, the Pension Bureau 80 far
as ffehiates the rayment Of soldier, PENSIONS.
w"uH iui ther recommend that the payment of naval
tensions DE transferred TO Of the bureaus of the
The estimates for the expenses of the Government
for the current bun exceed the APPROPRIATION ion
the present year. tor the Same items $50 Ia s.
Tor puIc Works ReTetofdr basnn nadsr Gongrs.
iohsl provision, and Of which only much is ash Ell
a. Congress may choose to give, The appropriation
ior the SANE works for the present fiscal year
The average value of gold. as compared with Ma
mona n% dGr the hole Of The yesris69 Wa
relative value has been about lis. The approsch 70
specie ts.is is very gratifying but the fact cannot
De denied that the instability OF the value of our
currency Il preudical TO cur prospt rty, and tends
to 5SecP up prices. to the setrin.as Of trade The
SO great. that now, when the premium on gold has
fallen so much u woEld ssem that the time has ar.
gIess should look to pelicy which would place our
eurf, ney al par win gold at no distant day.
dueed dSR 81 doss
snBID. BY sttad,ness in our present course. there
citizen almost ebtrey With the revenue stamps ia .
aaors all s sTs, s sEI% aUDssso
70 ~ al IL. .., iSTms and by wise adjustment
upon these articles which We could dispense with,
known as Injuries, and on those which
raised after few FcarS Of pace and ny rs ~
duction of Indebtedness, fulfill all our ugations
nciion ct interest account may relief ON to make
jus practicable. Revenue reform, If il means this
all the revenue for the support 81 government for
The payment Of iprnciral and interest OF public debt,
pensions &C by directly taxing the people. then
anu against revenue reform, and confidently believe
Tit means failure 10 provide the necessary means
e GsrsS All the q Gosernmen and there
nra OF the PUBLIC DEBT and pensions then
form Revenue reform has not been de fined by any
accepted something which is to supply every
man wants without any costs or effort on his part.
but must be the work Of national and Of
time AS soon as the revenue can be dispensed with
other articles OF universal not pr odnced by our
selves The necessities OF the country pei to
collect 7, venue IRON our imports An army of As
sestoTs and Collectors is lot pleasant sight the
clfiZens but that or tariff tor revenue il
ssfy such tafir, SO far as it acts an encour-
sgen ent 70 home production. affords employment TO
labor at living wsg In contrast to the pauper labor
~ the OLD World, and also in the development of
home resources
Under the act of Congress Of the 5th day of July,
$50 the army has gradually been reduced, 90 that
on the LIST day Of January, ISL, toe number Of com
missoned ofhcers and men will not exceed the num-
Der conten plated by that law.
The " ar Department building IL An old structure
not hre proof and entirely iDadeq in dimensions
10 our present wants. Many thousands Of dollars
are now paid annually for rent Of private buildings
10 accommodate The various bureaux of the depart
ment L recommend an appropriation for Q new
Var Department building suited TO the present and
growing wants Of the nation.
The report OF the Secretary of War shows o very
satisfactory reduction in the penses Of the army
for The last fiscal year For details You referr
ed TO his accompanying report. 1891
The expenses Of The Navy for the whole of the last
year, e., from December lst. 1882 the date Of the
last report. are less than 9ls .0eO 900, or about
SltC0Oo less than they we're the previous year The
es penees aimee tbs commencement of this fiscal year
since July LIST shows for the five months de-
crease Of over % +0fG0 from those OF the CORES.
pending months OF last year. -. 3 90
he e.iima'es for the current year were Us 10S.-
I'll Those tor next year are $40 6S3 3H, with
Ssa,,llO additional for necessary permanent i'm
provements. These estimates are made closely for
the mere mainteBance Of the ma, al establishment 40
mo II thry1e - sxAb H.