Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1870-12-07

HAHAlLoA9 WHO WOulu undertake /
ne work on the same terms. 1. c. as q
missionary work.
The opinion that the public lands
should be regarded chiefly as a source
revenue is no longer maintained
The rapid settlement aud successful
cultivation Of them is now justly con-
sidered OF more importance 10 our
wei being than is the fund which
the sale OF them would produce. The
remarkable growth and prosperity OF
our new states and territories attest
wisdom Of the legislation which
invites the tiller Of the soil to secure
a permanent home on terms within
the reach OF all. The pioneer who in
b dangers and privations Of n
frontier life, and thus aids in laying
the foundation Of new common
Wealths, renders a signal service to
ms country, and is entitled to its spe-
cla favor and protection. The laws
that object and largely promote
the general welfare. They should
therefore be cherished asa permanent
feature or u land system. Good
Ialtn requires ustO give full effect to
existing grants. The time-honOred
and beneheent pOliey'of setting apart
certain sections Of public land for ed
ucational purposes in the new State,
should be continued. When ample
provision shall have been made for
these subjects, I submit as a question
whether the residue Of our national
domain should not be wholly disposed
Of under the provisions Of the home
stead and prescription laws2
LAND GRANTS.
In addition to the swampy and over
flowed lands granted 10 the States in
which they are situated, the lands
taken under the Agricultural College
acts and for internal improvements or
improvement purposes under the act
Of September, 1871, and the acts sup
Elemental thereto, there had been
conveyed up to the close OF III last
fiscal year by patent, or other equiya-
lent evidence Of title, to States and
corporations, 278,325, 7l3 acres for rail-
ways, canals and wagon roads. It Is
estimated that an additional quantity
Of ia, T35, SOB acres is still due under
grants for Ike = The policy ofthis
aiding the States in building works
Of internal improvement was inaugu-
rated more than forty years sinee in
the grants to Indiana and Illinois to
aid these States in opening canals to
connect the waters Of the Wabash
with those of Lake Erie, and the
waters OF the Illinois with those Of
Lake Michigan. It was followed
with some notifications in the grant
to Illinois OF alternate sections Of
public land within certain limits OF
the Illinois Central Railway.
Fourteen States and sundry corporations
have received simiiar subsidies In M
ton with railways completed or In process
OF construction. As the reserved sections
are rated at the double minimum, the sale OF
them at the enhanced price has thus In
many instances unidentified the treasury
for the EraRted lands III construction 81
some ofthesethQrOughfares has undoubtedly
given a vigorous Impetus % the develop
ment OF our resources end the settlement OF
the more distant portions Of the country
Il may. however, be well Insisted that much
OF our legislation in this reeard has been
characterized by indiscriminute n profuse
mberality. The United states should not
loan their credit IN aid a any enterprise
undertaken by states or corporations nor
govsrnment iendg N any instance. uuieS
national importance. lam strongly inclined
to the opinion that u ID i~nexpedlent and IN
necessary 10 beEtoW subsidies Of either dis
eruption, nj should Congress determineoth
rights Of settlers and o. the public be effect
uSily Eecured and projected BY appropriate
legislation .lLM
PATENT OFFICE
During the year ending September
80, 1870, there were fled IN the Patent
ONCE I9,4II applications for patents,
3,374 caveats, and $50 applications for
the extension Of patents 1852 pat
ents, including reissues and designs,
were issued, 10 extended, and l,0SO
allowed but not issued by reason OF
the nOn-payment Of the hnal fees
The receipts Of the Office during the
fiscal year were $13, 6S0,429 in excess
Of its expenditures.
CENSUS BUREAU.
The work OF the Census Bureau has
been theoretically prosecuted. The
preliminary report, containing much
information of special value and in
.terest, will be ready for delivery dur
ing the present session. The remain
ing volumes will be completed with
all the despatch consistent with per-
feet accuracy IN arranging and CLASH
fying the returns. We shall thus, at
no distant day, be furnished with an
authentic record Of our condition and
resources. It will, 1 doubt not, attest
the growing prosperity OF the eoun-
try, although during the decade which
has lust closed, il was 50 severely
tried by the great war waged to main
tain its integrity and to secure and
perpetuate our free institutions.
PENSIONS
During the last fiscal year the sum
paid to pensioners, Including the cost
Of disbursement, was 81, TSO,Sll-1l,
and 1,T5S bounty land warrants were
issued. At its close les, 6S6 Dames
were on the pension rolls. The labOrs
Of the Pension ONCE have been
directed to severe scrutiny of the evil
dence submitted in favor OF the Wild
ow's claims and to the discovery OF
fictitious claims which have been
heretofore allowed. The appropria-
ton for the employment of special
agents for the investigation Of frauds,
has been judiciOusly used, and the re-
suits obtained have been Of unques-
tionable benefit to the service.
EDUCATION AND AGRICULTURE.
The subjects OF education and agricuI-
tnre are Of great interest 10 the success
OF our republican institutions, happiness
and grandeur as a nation. In the inter-
est OF one a bureau has been established
in the Interior department-the bureau
Of education, and in the interests OF the
other a separate department-that Of
agriculture. 1 believe great general
good is e flow from the operations Of
both these bureaus If properly fostered.
I cannot commend 10 your careful con-
sideration too highly the reports of the
commissioners Of education and Of agri-
culture, nor to urge too strongly such
liberal legislation as to secure their EN-
cheney.
TIE POLICY OF THE ADMINISTRATIONS.
In conclusion, I would sum up the policy
OF the administrator to be a thorough en-
fOrcementOf every law afaithful collectlon
or the tax provided for; economy In the dis
OF the same: a prompt paymen
every debt OF the nation q reduction OF
taxes as rapidly as the requirements or the
country will admit; reduction OF taxation
and tariff TO be 50 arranged as TO anOrd the
relief 70 the creates numberi non
est and fair dealing with AL other people,, 70
the end that war, with autts bngnting conse-
quences, may be averted, but with
out surrendering any right OF obliga-
ton due to US; q reform in the treat
ment Of Indians, and the whole civil
service of the country and frmness
in securing a pure, untrammeled bal
lot, at which every man entitled TO
cast q vote may do so Just once at
each election, without fear OF mOles-
tation or prescription on account of
his political faith, nativity or color.
1Signed1 q. s. GRANT.
Executive Mansion, December S. lSo-
MARRLAGES.