Middletown transcript., 1870-07-23
FRANCE AND PRUSSIA.

The population of France, according to
the census of 1866, was Exclusive of 1885,
600 soldiers, stationed outside of the en-
pire) 38,067 ,064, of which 11,505, ,348
lived in towns, and 26, All, ZIG in the ru-
raj districts. AS regarded nationality,
635, 495 were resident foreigners, the re-
mainder native Frenchmen. The differ
ence of language among the natives of
France, has been the subject of an official
census 1t is estimated that about L.
200, 900 of the population (Alsace and
Lorraine) speak German as their native
tongue, 200, 900 Flemish, 1900, 900 Wal
loon, LOO, 900 Breton. Iu their relig-
ious faiths they are divided as follows
Catholics, 81, ,108, ,211; Protestants, S46,,
619; Jews, 9,040; other sects, "a, 1856;
and in Algeria: Catholics, oil, 1876;
Protestants, 5000; Jews, 35,737; Mo-
hammedans, 1858, ,746; other sects, H.
232. The population of the French col
onies (not included in the above enumera-
tion) is 2,649, ,67S, and the population of
countries in Asia, Africa and Oceanica,
under the protection of France, is 8, $685.
575-making grand total of people liv-
ing under the sway of the French Empe-
ror of "A, 1851
The public debt in 1869 amounted to
1926, ,718,073 francs, or upwards of
So, ,5S5, 100000.
The army, according to the new law of
Feb. /, 1868, consists of the active and
the reserve. each numbering 400, 900 men.
Garcle Ndtionale Mobile, which was to
number $4,000, was to cooperate for
the defence of fortresses, coasts and from
tiers. The National Guard has military
organization, and is placed under the Min
lister of War. 1t comprises $50 battal-
ions, having each 1000 men, and 125
batteries of 200 men together, the active
army, the reserve, and the National
Guard, number l $50, 900 men.
The active army is as yet low. OF
course it will be greatly increased when
placed on war footing.
France has 119 fortresses, of which
eight are of the first rank Paris, Lyons,
Strasbourg, Metz, Lille, Toulon, Brest,
and Cherbourg. The Notifications of
Paris are stated to have cost $40, ,000, 900,
and up to 1868 there had been expended
on Cherbourg $34, 100000
The fleet, on the LIST of January of last
year, was composed as follows: Screw
steamers, iron-clad, 55; screw steamers,
non-iron- clad, 233; wheel steamers, 81 !;
sailing vessels, 100; making a total of
437 boats carrying 1850 guns. Besides
these there were 8 screw steamers, iron
clads, with 6S guns, and % non-iron-
clads, with IA guns building. The
French iron-clads carry 765 guns. The
French naval force consists of 70 900 men,
There are two admirals, 6 active vice.ad-
mirals and 80 active counter-admirals.
The total population of the kingdom of
Prussia, according to the census Of Dec.
8, 1867, was "a ,043, ,296. This includes
the population of the territories lately
"absorbed" by Prussia. The population
of cities and towns was 7 ,456, $50.
The national debt of Prussia is 442,-
639,372 thalers, or over 5000, 900, 900.
The German military organization is
complete, and, according to a statement
in the Prussian Military Gazette ga mil
lion of soldiers can at any moment be
placed under arms by single telegram
from Berlin" The Prussian troops, the
same authority adds, consist of 1926 bat
talions of infantry, 268 squadrons of cav
airy, II regiments of artillery, with /, LAG
guns, and 12 battalions of engineers,
making 100000 soldiers. To these
should be added the Federal contingents
of Saxony, Brunswick, Mecklenburg.
Staeltz, and Hesse Darmstadt-in all So,
900 men. But this force of $50, 900 only
represents the standing army of North
Germany. In case of emergency, Prussia
can command the services of the troops o.
Baden, Wurtemburg and Bavaria, and
Immediately order reserve, consisting o.
an army of 143, 900 men. An additional
force of 100000 men is at her disposal
for the occupation of towns and garrisons
Every Prussian subject is enrolled as 6
soldier as soon as he has completed hi.
Goth year. He serves, unless exempted
three years in the regular army, four in
the reserve, and at the end of this tern
enters the Landwehr or militia for min,
years. Leaving the Landwehr he is final
: ly enrolled in the Landsturm until he il
30 years Of age.
The Commander Chief of the arm,
and navy is the King. The chief of thu
staff is General de Moltke. The regula,
army is divided into eleven corps or di
visions.
There are twenty y-nine fortresses in th
kingdom of which five are of the first rank
According to the latest returns the flee
! of Prussia is composed as follows 4 iron
Q clads, . frigates and corvettes, % gun
boats, | Yacht. 8 paddle corvettes and 5t
r sailing vessels, making total of 80 boat
: carrying 637 guns. These boats ar
: effectively manned by 5,012 sailors, 73
y engineers, $40 carpenters and mechanics
}. 1872 warrant officers, and 255 officers
= Besides this, there is reserve of 4,15
men, which can be called upon at an
p time, and second reserve, called sec weh,
, which acts only in time of war, and ma
o be translated sea militia.