davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1870-11-24

country ono OF tho most wealthy 10 Europe In spite
OF internal political troubles pQlra1A sso peoptcd
BY Slaves IL fun OF promise, and the declaration Of
SuIna, at tae Bulgarian and principal mouth OF the
Danube, as FREQ port will doubtless do wonders IN
stimulating Its vast natural productive powers
varna, the noxt principal port. Is also connected
with The Danube by railroad which strikes across
the country TO Rustchuk.
THE DARDANELLgs AND BosPH0RUs.
Only the shores OF the Bosph0rus, tho Dardanelles
and the Sea or Marmora now remain to be noticed
and, thanks to tho .do nothing let alsne policy OF
the Porto, they are, perhaps, 'gong ahead' fnster
and sursr than any other part directly connected
with the Black Sea- Some idea or the immense
trade which traverses this channel Constantnople
and the Black Sea ports may be formed from the
vel asceftalned fact that less than Ave hundred
vessels daily pass through them, either going or re-
turning. or course most Of these are small craft,
but the aggregate tonnage must be enormous. On
the Danube. too which Is now free to all the world
there are no less than two hundred and Hfry steam-
crs under the Austrian, Russian and English nags.
BYzANTIUa REVIVED.
At some future time. beyond all doubt, CONSTANT
nople win again be the mistress Of European trade,
and the intense ana ever growing activity Of the
Black Sea populations Is the surest earnest OF her
destiny One cannot help wondering, however.
whether Turkey, which has done absolutely moth
ing towards this development and Is still too lazy
to heartily sypathize with the spirit that dictates
II, will then be allowed to hold possession Of the
Old capital OF the Christian East ana Of that won
derful church OF ST. Sophia, for moro ancient and
much more precious In traditions than even st.
Peters. As a matter Of poetica Justice, revived
Byzantun ought certainly to pass into the hands Of
that enlightened Russian civilization which is now
laying sure and deep the foundations OF her coming
greatness. s M
The New York herald., 1870-11-24

AN AGED WEE MURDERS HER HusBAND-sHH
REJorcEs OVER THE DEED.-Betwecn four and nve
O'Clock last evening Of tho corners Of Clara and
Perdido streets was the scene OF an uncommon homi-
eide. Jane Durnin, not less tnan sixty.nve years
old keeps grocery there, and has for long time.
Her husband, Charles was, perhaps, not one Of the
best Of men, and the couple lived t0gether n almost
minafed in Z bloody deed, she seizina common axe
And beating him to death with the head Of it. SO
terrible was tho old womans anger that she did not
cease her efforts until quite worn out with excite
faenl anl exertion, leaving him confused mass Of
blood and nssh. The old man braathed until about
AZ O'Clock, whom he died. Mrs. Durnn was ar
rested and confined In the First precinct staticA
house. where she apparcntly In her right senses. de-
0larod that she Was glad her husband was rbad.
iacts.-Nsv orleans Republican. Mon. ia
The New York herald., 1870-11-24


Maritime cLaw-Privatcering Abolished.
BY THE PLENIPOTENTfARIEs OF GREAT BRITAIN.
AUSTRIA, FRANCE, PRUSSIA, RUSSIA, SARDINIA
AND TURKEY, ASSEMBLED In CONGRESS AT
The Tlenipotenttarles who signed the Treaty Of
Paris Of the both Of March, 1856. assembled in con-
ference
That maritime law. in time OF war. has long been
Tnat the uncertainty OF the law and OF the duties
IN such matter gives rise to differences Of opinion
casion serious difaculties, and even connicts;
That 1t is consequently advantageous to establish
uniform doctrine on 50 important point;
That the plentpOtentarteS assembled In Congress
ct Paris cannot better respond to the intentions BY
which their governments are animated than ny
liked principles IN this respect; 80
The above mentioned plenipotentiaries, being duly
authorized resolve concert among them selves
to the means OF attaining TINS object; and having
come to an agreement, have adopted the following
j. Privateering is, and remains, abolished.
2. The neutral nag covers enemy' goods, with the
exception Of contraband OF war;.
Q. Neutral goods, with the exception OF contra
band OF war, are not Liable to capture under
T. Blockades, in order to be binding. must be
e0ecttve--that 10 to say, maintained by a force
Sufficient really to prevent access to the coast OF the
The governments Of the undersigned plenipoten-
s a
part In the Congress Of Paris and TO invite them to
acccde to It, 4N @4 tE 84E.
Convinced that tho maxims which they now pro-
claim cannot but be received with gratitude by the
whole world, the undersigned penlp0tentiartes
doubt not that the efforts OF their governments to
obtain che general adoption thereof will be crowned
with full success.
The present declaration is net ana shall not be
binding, except upon those Powers VINO have ac-
ceded, or shall aocede to It, f t@ eNte
Done at Paris. the 10th OF April, 1855. .f4
Is This new maritime law, abolishing priva.eerng,
was formally adhered TO by all the other principal
Powers OF the world vita the exception OF the
United STATES. our government wanted to have the
principle applied, not only to armed private vessels
buS to the public vesses-of.war But the European
governments were not prepared TO 60 that length,
and consequently the formal adhesion OF the United
States to the maritime law established at Paris has
not been given. A movement in that direction was
made by our government at the opening Of the re-
bellisn but az war was existing, and as the English
saw their advantage in sending out the Alabama
and other prlvaeers under the Confederate nag, OBJ
lection was made, and the United States still re.
mains outside Of that arrangement. An absurd
rumor has been mentioned as prevailing In England
that Russia, IN the event Of war, would therefore
commission American cruisers; but MS they would
then become Russian ana cease to be American, and
as Russia has agreed to the abolition OF privaeering
the story is ridiculous on its very face.
The New York herald., 1870-11-24

AHr. q The present treaty sbah be- renAed, and
tho rstilcatOns shah b EXCHANGED at Paris m the
space OF feur weeks or sooner II possible,
In witness WHEREOF the respective pfonfpotentfe-
ries havo aligned the same. and have aixed thereto
the seal OF their arms. Il ~
Done ct Paris, tho tnirtieth day OF the month OF
March, IN the year one thousand eight hundred ana
ULARRNDON. ~a O. N. DsHATzFELDT.
COWLEY, ORIOFF.
BJJOIrSCHAUENSTEIN. BKUNNOW.
HUBNER o. CAvOUk-
A. WALEwsKL DE yILLAMARINA.
BOURQUENEY. AAkL.
MANTEUFFEI. MEHEMMED DJEMIIs
The New York herald., 1870-11-24

Tho StrNhH OF tu0 U0TOouCsAcn auu AsVo-
ph0rus.
The following additional convention. agreed to by
the same Powers and plenipotentiares, was annexed
to the treaty.
CONVENTION BETWEEN HER MAJESTY, THE EMPEROR
or AUSTRIA, THE EMPEROR or THE FRHNcH, THE
KING OF PRUSSIA THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA AND
TILE KING OF SARDINIA ON THE ONB PART AND
THE SULTAN ON THE OTHER PART RESPECTING THx
STRAITS OF THE DARDANELLEs AND or THE Bos-
I. pHORUs-sIaNED AT PARIS, MARCH 40. 1866
RATIFICATI0Ns EXCHANGED At PARIS, APRIL ~,
In the name OF Almighty God.
Their Majcsties the queen Of the United Kingdom
OF Great Britain and ireland. the Emperor Of Aus
tria, the Emperor Of the French. the King Of
ins parties to the convention d tho 18th
day 81 July, 1S4l. and his Majesty the King Of
mous to conform to the ancient rule rule
& s H. d 9S7psa
IS IGssp Il peace their SAID aaeses on tue one psr
and his Majesty the Sultan, ON the other, have
Son on the 18Th day Of july S4i with the exception
OF some notifications Of detail which do not anect
the principle upon which IT rests: ..-..
for that purpose as their plenipetentarles Maming
theml who have agreed upon the following
ARTICLE 1. His Majesty the Sultan, on the one
part declares that he is hrmy resolved to maintain
Tor tue future the principle invariably established az
which 1t has, at all times been prohibtea for the
shps OF war OF foreign Powers to enter the Straits
OF the Dardanelles and Of the Bosph0rus; and that
init no foreign ship OF war into the said straits. And
their Maiestes the Qneen Of the United Kingdom Of
Great Britain ana Ireland, the Emperor q AUSTRIA
Emperor of all the Kussias and the King Of Sardinia
on the other part, engage to respect this determa
tion OF the Sultan and to conform themselves to tho
principle above declared.
ART 2. The Sultan reserves to himself, as in times
past, to deliver frmans OF passage for light vessels
under dag OfWar which shall be employed, aS USUAL
In the service Of the missions OF foreign Powers
ART. 8. The same exception applies TO the light
tracting Powers Is authorized to station at tho
mouths OF the Danube in order to secure the execu
on OF the regulations relative TO the liberty OF that
for each Power. scs'~ 49,
ART. 4, The present convention, annexed to the
general treaty Signed at Paris this day. shall be rati
led aid The ratification shall be exchanged In tho
space OF four week. Or sooner II possible
Done at Paris the 30th day Of March, 1856.
The New York herald., 1870-11-24
Tho Aland islands.

Vu0 AIuMQ l6iNn0As
An additional convention was agreed to, by which
the Emperor Of Russia stipulates that the Aland
Islands lin the Baltic Seal shall not be fortified and
that no military or naval establishment shall DO
maintained or created there.
The New York herald., 1870-11-24

Tho Straits OF tho Dardanelles and Bos-
uhOruB.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
LCCEnENT.

We are panied to learn that Mr.
George E. Bogg, secretary Of tho Poll
cyholdcrs Life Insurance Company, met
with painful accident at the Ere on
Friday evening last. The company had
their hose extended on tin roof in rear
of building. and while engaged in
attempting to get down from it 10 order
to move tho pipe, ho fell, severely frac
turing his right arm ut tho elbow Joint.
It is hoped that his arm will be saved,
but he will be confined to his room for
some time. Ho is under the care Of
DIR. KinlOch.- Charleston Ne,os.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
HORRIBLE DEATH FROM A SNAKE
BITE.

On Friday last, while littlo girl
named Lucinda Whito was engaged in
company with woman picking hueklc.
berries near Savannah, Lucinda was Bit
ton in tho hand by snake. Tho two
women at once started for somo houses at
distance for tho purpose of getting an
antidote, but after walking a fow rods
so violent was the poison, Lucinda sunk
down. utterly incapable Of going further
Her companion hastcned on, but her
return with some oolored people shortly
after proved Of no avail, for the poor
girl had byeathed her last, and was q
swollen, hideous corpse.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
From tho Cnmdcn Journnl.l
T7KE UNION REFORM PARTY OF
SOUTH CAROLINA.

We lay before our readers to day,
the proceedings of the Convention in-
augurating tho party Of reform under
the above title, aud earnestly invoke
for them the deliberate aud thoughtful
consideration Of every person whose
heart is not dead to the sentiment of
patriotism. ~ set Of vulturcs, harpies,
jackals, and vampires, are sucking to
repletion, the very life blood Of the
State. The Governor, whose peculiar
province it is to guard faithfully over the
interest of the people, contents himself
asking Of the beasts, with appropria!ing
the lions share of this feast Of iniquity,
having his gigantic claws already fas>
tened ut the moment that We write,
upon no less than four millions IF elol-
lars Of the peoples money, in addition
to millions that have gone before, whose
manipulation have sucklcd his money
bags to latnsss, but not to safety. Le-
gislution has become but another name
for stock iobbng, swnalins aud thiev.
ing, with here and thcro IL sop throws
to the bear, in the shape of cnactmcnts,
soothing, but prejudiccd, unmcaning
and impracticabIe. Shameless proAiga
cy-opcn and notorious plumber, to the
extent Of tens .f thousands 9t t'dotlars in
single instances, on tho part Of public
oiliccrs-couIcssed and public bribery
and corruption, controllin. tho Execu
tive and Legislative departments of the
government, stalk, unrcLukcd aud un-
whipped of justice, in the open light Of
day, while these corrupt aud shameless
officials, and legislators, trust thoir
jcwcllcd Gugcrs-thcir gaudy trappings
their costly carriages, fine horses,
gold mounted cqnipments---palatial
housos --brazcn mistrcsscs aud more
brazcn Iuces--contemptuously upon the
notice OF tho land~boldcrs, tax mycrs
and working men, who groan under the
hurthen disappearing this mass oftes~
tcring corruption--this rotten tumor
upon the body politio, squirmiug with
its own animated filth. Such partially
cpitomized is the government of Soutl:
Carolina. under tho administration Of
II. Il. Soott.
Mon of Gnnolina citizens, native and
adopted of all parties and races! Hon :.
est people ahull wo mako no effort to
save tho State from this incubus; that
grinds us into the depth aMl dust of
poverty aud ruin2
Co,ue to tho platform OF tho Union
Reform Party il alone can promise
anything IT Hves pro,vise u" honest,
faithful ana just govcrumont. Its prIn,.
ciplcs arn wide. deep, and trnthinl-it
excludes no honcst man. II tenders
good government and low taxes, and
hold. out to our distracted people tho
olivo branch OF peaao-the horn Of
plenty--and the CUP or prosperity.
The bannop ofroform 10 borne, as II
shonld bo, by an honorable lea or OF tho
ilcpuhlcans who has gracefully borno
tho honnrs of his purity from the orgap-
iz,,;on Of tho now Stute Government to
the pressn: tina, without tlnr aud
without rrproacl.. Ao ablc. jealous
aud cOm pc,oa. Liam, who stands almost
hions as D champion for ;le fume and
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29

keaesSof the Rspsbli liss1 paysy, Sxaiass
tse afsiusE ~ ne dice s64k M
disxrsssdif ii. iSossa s Csrsiisax Hi
uemi1stio viii appeal ;to.sks hearty
support Of aA homes snd iaithfal 70
publicans. who seek tho vel. fare of the
party end the progress ofits principles
rather thsa fhe;T own .aggrandisement,
and must meet ths approval Of. their
enlightened sad usprejudieed lesders
beyond the State. s
Gen. Butler, bearing . name honora-
bic and distinguisbed in tho apnals of
the country from the days of tho Rev
olution, nape that numbers its ststes.
men, its warriors, its martyrs to the
cause of the starry banner ofthe Union,
as we'll rs that of the lost ,cause-him
self, not the least distinguished Of his
noble race, is, all things considered, a
most fit and proper representative man
Of youpg Carolins. He blends in his
cirarsstcr most thappily, the prestige of
the past with the prayers of the present
and the hopes of the future. Placed
before the people as the unanimous
nominee of the colored delegates iu tho
Convention and accepted by that body
by acclamation, he concentrates in him>
self tue confidence and esteem Of all
good men, and represents that point of
union and harmony, in this movement,
which promises so much Of happiness
and prosperity in peaceful future.
Let our people ponder these things and
prepare to do their duty in the ap.
proaohing contest Of truth against false.
hood-virtue against vice-honesty
against roguery-progress against ruin.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
meh. a letter from Ohio In n Ronu,

rsA- a letter from Ohio to Ropub
Iicap evening paper 10 Washing gton,
carefully reviewing the political situa-
tion in the several ngressioual districts
Of that State, produces facn showing
conolusively that the Repabioaps.wili
undoubtedly lose three, and pxobably
four. members in tho fall, including
Bingham aud Sohcnok. '
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
nen- Captain JAMES WyrsuAN

nsa- Captain JAMES WErsMAN, q
rosidont OF Charleston, for sixty.seven
yoars, died at his residence on Sunday
morning last. lie had reached the ripe
ago OF eighty-avo years. This promi-
mont citiaon was long and honorably
identified with tho commercial interests
of his adopted city and vas much beloved
fpy his exocllODt qualities.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
OUR mANUFA CT URING INTEREST.

OUR MANUFACI URING INTERESTS.
The manufacturers Of the North have asked for
and obtained tho assistance ofthe National Gov
crnmcnt until they have become q burden to the
people at largo, and the tax paid by the United
States for the support of these manufacturers is
equal to all tho other taxes put together. Let
our manufacturers make goods of better quality,
and at lowor Pricos, than othor manufacturers,
and they can defy competition without Govern
mcnt help. This, atlcast, is the plan of Mr.. p. p.
Toalo, Of Charleston, S. c., the largest and most
successful manufacturer of doors, sashos, blinds
and mouldings in the Southern States.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
RADICAL rfILprIA,
Tho Salem .Pfe.s Of N. &. saws

IHU oH'euI ITeW UI NJ .. says:
DO not lose sight Of tho fact that 10
order to carry our state elections in the
interest Of the Radical leaders, the
military are being organised on q war
footing, at a vast expense to the State,
and that every dollar Of the money thus
wiokedly squnndered will have to oome
out Of the pockets ofs.the etaxspayors.-.
They will feel II pinoh after wIilo.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29

QS1AHt9l u 1sGJkGnAt Keys Zen
@ @s xSi1s = p1{ ko010Ns
! Tho NkisaS TiMss, III the ;scouvss q
svssy tsqsAIag sfiisls Upon Charles
Diekens love sess His ga profession as a
newspaper asu, and for The associations
thai is often brought TO miud, thus
speaks; 81 ~. ..,
i .aLet!itbe recalled and remembered,
too, g!tbas the 6rst author aud most sue
cessfal xnAn i'd she, worid'at the time Of
his death, was led to. hiaH carssr, and
sealed Il With the verdict eof peerless
success, by the observation and culture
Of fhard, ttrcless newspaper work. Aud
he WHOSE laurels arc now moistened
with the grief ofthe world was always
proud Of his connection with tho press.
How gently he vas wont to woe the
sunlight Of hope for the London news.
boys at their annual feasts! How
prompt Was his attendance at the annual
press dinners, and how like the quiet
falling Of refreshing rain was the
dropping of his sentences on those en-.
joyable occasions! Who Of those that
were present at the farewell Dickens
dinner, given By the press ofNew York
two years ago. will ever let slip from
mind the inexpressible tenderness Of his
greeting and grateful expressions at that
memorable time? In vain did he coll
upon all bis boundless resources of Ian
guage to satisfy himself in expressing
his love and admiration for the press
A mist came over his eyes when he
essayed to speak Of bis old time employ
ment on the press, aud Of the kindness
with which newspapers on both sides
the water had uniformly treated him.
There WAS an enohantmont about his
words which made every press man
present proud of his calling"
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29

The annual income Of A. r. Stewart
is 81, 100000 ) ofW. b. Astor, 81, 278
600; Of IL. 4. lIcmbold, 1882, 900; Of
james Fisk, Jr, S05, 900; and Of Cor.
nclius Vanderbilt, $4,000
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
[For the Watchman.]
QUER Y.

Ifthe Reformcrs took the nearest
approximation to an honest man which
they could find among tho Republicans
in South Carolina as their candidate for
Governor, and it should appear that
Carpenter himself, is not honest, is not
this highly fattering to the rest of the
Radicals If their best Radical is q
roguo, then what must be their general
average2 God help US. SQUIB.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29
REMARKABLE EVENTS.

Among the most remarkable political
phenomena of our period arc q vacant
Throne in Spain, for which an occupant
cannot be found, and an Act of General
Amnesty iu Portugal, one of the most
despotic countries in Europe, while in
the United States, boasting of the freest
Government in the world, this act of
forgiveness is refused to those who, in
Radical conception are deemed rebels.
In this there is striking similarity
between some of the more Radical mem.
bers of Congress, such as Morton in
the Senate aud Logan in the Senate
and Dogan in the House, and certain
OF tho followers of Lord North in the
British House of. Commons Of that day
whose speech was constantly garnished
with the term rebel applied to so infa-
nous rebel as George Washington -
Savannah Nc,os.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29

OCCUPATION AND LIFE.-The I'm
derwritor says: CDR. William Farr,
Register General Of Euglau }, has made
careful observations on tho effect OF oc
cupation on health among twelve classes
Of persons, with the following results :"
Between the ages Of 45 and IS the
proportion of-deaths out of every 1000
lives was found to bo: Farmers, II /;
Shoemakers, 10; weavers, Is; grocers,
l6; blacksmiths, II; carpenters, II /;
tailors, IL laborers, II; minors, 20 I;
bakers, FL butchers, %; inukeepcrs
aud bear dealers, %. Although these
observations we're made in England, it
is reasonable to suppose that the same
Investigations would lead to results in
this country sufficiently near the above to
show what classes of lives are in the
main best suited for insurance. 1t will
be perceived that the mortality is light
est among formers and greatest among
innkeepers and beer dealers. This can
readily be accounted for by the different
mode of life, occupation, food, &C., of
these classes. The farmer has all the
advantages on his side-the pure air,
the varied character Of his life.giving
occupation, his wholesome, temperate
diet, and his removal from tho influence
Of the temptations to Indulgence in dis
sipations to which the dweller in our
crowded cities is exposed. Again, he is
freed from the disturbance and uneasi-
ness Of miud to which those in trade are
periodically subjected, aud no season is
so bad as to render the supply of his
daily wants questionable matter.
The Sumter watchman. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1855-1881, 1870-06-29

before him, according to the law aud
evidence. :.
We know something of this "Car.
pcnter" or more properly speaking
"AyrhHcct" OF his own fortune (through
bankruptcy and VIC cannot discover
in him those qualities which would fit
him for the office of Governor Of South
Carolina.
In what respect Judge Carpenter is
better than Scott We cannot perceive,
except upon tho principle that tho
"outs" arc always good, wiso, cconomi.
cal and able, while tho Gins" are always
rogucs and spcndthrifts.
OF Gen. Butler, we would not speak
unkindly, but tho Office of Lieutenant.
Governor never was of much impor-
'nncc /; and If the gallant general is con-
tent to accept nomination which Car
aozo was ready to decline, wc can only
say, we sincerely hope "he may not got
And now Mr.. Editor whittier does oil
this tond?
Without reopeniug dead issues, we
may safely say, that our systom Of sla.
very was uphold and sustained principally
if not entirely by the acknowledged
inferiority of the race cnslavod. Admit.
ting all that was evor urged in its de-
fonJe upon Biblical and Humanitarian
grounds, no man in his senses will deny
TINT If the slaves had been of our own
race aud blood, slavery could not have
existed 10 this enlightened age, In this
or any othor country, for one single
generation.