, 1870-04-15

Reme b. NareaiIlss.
In 1861 no1o than soven and haK min
lons OF acres were t1naferred by the govern
mens en to lndiEsdua!a. tho lsnd.otace realizing
q mora than ons-third moro money than in
tie prorious yea. Nearly three millions Of
Acres were sold for cash, and almost ns much
passed a.ay from The government undar
nearly seren hundred md fifty thousand
sc!ca; and tho agricultural colleges Vot
bali Is much Hr W13son thinks thxt ,the
Homestead act is tho greatest inducemenl 10
!Inmlesauon that We can odeE and be mzkas
have IN tie Last .sev66.y years brought npoo
their peEsona IN specie about -four hundred
millions Of dollars in gold. Sixty thoussnd
emaI fartna have been added to fho freeholds
o. ne ~ United States during the laat year, OF
England This is something for Republican
to congratulate himself upon, for ! citizan
upon big oF9 land ought TO be equal to a
iS thousand as subjects vishoat homes. There are
owners n the United States, OF one person in
every eight OF our population
GRAVE Tu1y0s TOE aAssxas.
The whole expense Of the land Office and Of
:. tho 6ur'e5oss, IN 1853, was about one-tenth
Of the sum rpceiyed from the sale Of public
lands. The Indians are ovner1 Of three
millions Of acres in the United States, II ii
the close Of the revolution we had adopted a
selfish Asistic policy, and excluded immigrants,
our population would now be Twenty-Five
millions, OF about the same number that the
census might hAEe shown in 1913. Since the
establishments Of our Independence, ten millions
Of people have been added to US, Foreigners or
the children OF forcigne.s
The public land and education have bean
allies Of each other since l785, when tho Con-
t1ncntal Congress, before the election OF
Washington, passed noble nct setting aside
ono section Of each township for tho endow-
ment 81 pablic schools. Thua tho land has
made the Ionn- In 1862, We g1ve in addition
9,oo0 acres to asch constituency in tho Union
plus &, 200 acres TO each State for the endov-
mans OF practical colleges, Out Of this litter
endowment, illinois has realized e250, 900 in
money; 3a 49, New York gave ali tho proceeds Of
and Mr. Cornell AAa added more than lalf !
million OF dollars to the sama 4 good deal Of
this educational land h.s bean squandered
By the States.
MORE MIRACLES.
Hinge blices of um national domain hsFe
been glTen away for what arc called internal
improvements. Thus, to build ! harbor and
ehlp canA1 On kewensw pclnt, Lake Superior
1000 acrea were voted. Wisconsin fxs re-
ceived many thousand acros for river improve
men9 Altogether, wo have given or prom
Hed to o w3gon roads, railways, and canals,
ABOUT ~, ,U00, COO OF acres, figure which STAG
gers belief. 1t Is question whether much of
thls maense amount Of land has been Of more
RoTCFDmAnt hid
It and held it, sazTeryed it, and sold it directly
10 TIC settler. instead Of permitting middle |
men and spectators to seize it and put il a. !
last to the same uBe.
Nj. Wilson makes tbs wise suggestion that
no surveyor or other employe of the I,snd
o1ice be permitted to preompt. purchsaa ~
other~lse lay hoh upon tho public estata.
some OF the most valuable pafta Of the Amer;.
can territory have been picked out Of the mar
kes Tor purposes Of speculation BY the survey
or We have sent to proparo forms znd bound
Asly the case on the Pacific coast, Goynrn-
ment provides q man with Opportunity In
travel giving him troops to protect him, trans
Poitauon, and salary, and sends him into un-
AnoHn ~ regions. under Tie superstition that be
70 u merely the agent Of coma organization to
discover valuable sites, and lay thom away for
purposes OF aFafice IN tho future.
LAND aaAns
About sixty millions OF acres OF svamp and
inundAted lands have been given 10 the states
lands have been lost to the United State4. thav
nave in general been Of nobeneft to tho Ststes |
which received them. aIr. Wilson gsys thst
aney haFo passed too frequently into tho
o~nessmp 9 OF pirate eorporations and indivil- I
mere purposes Of speculation rather th.n anr
direct purpose Of immediate reclamation"
lou oiten hear Of the innmeuso extent of ! 1
lands claimed under legitimate, doubtful, OF
fraudulent Spanish or French titles, Vet
yout imagination has not probably risen to tha {
height OF this statement BY the Commissioner:
INC Claims Of this kind i'll Louisians, Florida.
aIGsen1s, i; A'fsn.as Alabama aud Mississippi,
sssed " thousanda, covering mxny millions Of | i
setea; and IN California alone, acquired b7 the =
gessn 11 ass HI a1s9aalGpe 1 ~ a!ago Spanish
md thirteen, rere presented, covering tmmenss t
s,ess Of ne sa1nae'c agricultural isnds ID tass
scted upon b. the Board Of Land Commssione1s c
1sse a. assn FsRoed to thIs ONCE for patent 5es
ne ,1ss pna ltsued cover an Of neatly
RAILWAY 1AxDs. ,
aE. Wilson's chapter upon our railway sve- e
GIN, sa an outgrowth Of our public landa- ia
'eIhapa his most interesting topic.
he gives Thomas q. Benton the credit NJ a,
be settled limits with land.. The nlino;s
;e1tral Road received the first grant aver IL
nade for this purpose in 1856, namely. b
wo q million sn hundred thousand acres, equaI Il
u.Itess .1s aps ot R1se to three and
and miles Of railway existing IN the western Il
'tates and Territories have been built up by hl
I'D grAnta and twenty-five millions of in
G1es 1ase been actually certified and patont~ q
!he total amonnt ct government bonds 81
mon and Central Pacific receiving ivc-eixths. Dc
he hahsas Pacific Road has boen voted mora &C
ban tir and quarter milliona, and il ia thn so
1ost impudent fraud that ever came to Con &c
reas. WV -
III. Wilson saya that it will cost als7. .o0o ooD NJ
build and equip the North Pacific Railroad vi
hlch has Already been voted 25,6OO ac.es Of bl
md per mile, The eastern end Of this road CO
.s been anticipated BY the St: Paul / Pacific ii
a4i1oad Of Mlnnesota, which il built with Ii
otch capital, 1t cost OF e30, 600 mile, and M
endowed with twelve sections Of Stste l1nd | IL
y each mile. M
We have given away to railroads and wagon. 20
saas mote land than would mako all Great | M
ti1;a huaeu to ~ france aud = good deal po
's e.. .os1eanA q Land Of either country:
~ 1eHoa!s naFe fecaired government II
ans OF credit, Amounting, in al, to nea,Iy e
p ,ooao aooo. hr. Wilson, therefore, in The stu
ANTS or creslits. He says: an
- Ihs time for such extraordinary zubvenrious 81
NM 1ne pressure Of public necesalty M
II the benefits realized have been accompanied = :
sefsous eonnterrallns evils among whlch The CO..
pmincnt The necessity for railroad endow. | thf
enss by tae government either in ian oy moucy. abt
as gsa1 onest q rasc M
tire continent, has been secured The resources ~
e.d! dvssoptd By The eompleton Of Inc inttiI tne
apie to complete the work arapidly IS ,hc best ace
Lefesss 81 Civilization demand It IT, therefor. wei
taa 4 r. 70 n sE,a
aractcr nnf I, Ih.t s - W les aaa peculiar the
! lahas 70 statcs ur corporal1ons, that there
~. ~ ne enaAnteed g the beneficiary the pro- aet
cis OF the sales Of snch 14uls az the ralHsI In
Instructed" ere
he concluding part Of Nr. Wilson'S renort ord
u general speculative, crude, md supcrf. VA.
!, Is: tor example, his adaptations from the ! res
nesable Nibs Cazey, abou3.4 raw materil !" The
Nanttot1n1tlon Of corn into ho9e,r man: II,
actu1ed PORK. skilled labor, 10, This shows srd
man made ctedulous BY too much read- mir
may be imposed upon There IL also \ tor,
% deal about the "Nercato.il map OF the of
tIa, the Chinese Eve1a, Gibbons History Do,
homc, the carving hade, the East Indis son
"EaHss, &C., which Nr. Wilson ougbt to put AIN
2 70! me and let it compete With CamoenA, witl
olnson Crusoo, tho Arabian Nights. and is n
'er mercanhle epies. The concluding pan WIS
'Ph OF thus otherwise delightfu a report seems sine
70 case Of Intellectual delirtum f,,snfns. one
AA1utsctuf9ng q now prosecuted on the ueld ! con
thr trns sosn, nos emnodynR IN &C to
nae osa 1hirh hss 49,, ~ tMA inl- grel
Importing an intermediate unproiuctlvc c{nss a1o
2fra3 principles on which our koyernrnent | que
= ~ now FIRMLY established and srnerailv ss- ing
m.edsed n-s asssnliattnR 70 the theory ii the not
1ensr., ~ sae planctaE t5ssc1, recognizing he
tSe sts.es -. .ts e tne saa a. ia4t sEsttn,, hut
md the common fentrr hrtd IN Ins+r e,e.tR the
norl!al LAVA - >AsA1 'o'se ~ cord
st psinoraial laws operate, every star hsns 70 P
hJ its oVn gravity Of drop, and NJ, Nilson thu.
9 turn 1t BastiAt,--1et pIsnets be- Vs}i- whe
.ved, and land agents boil their ten md pay
N few graina Of political economy. In NIT
#, let our toast be, At the next con1ri.1 they
.tlng: Our public land syste.u,-it shall ruiR]
pfeeetvedl"-and no rnore ciyen .Wav ~ indu
aAaonA GA1u q0es