Daily national Republican. (Washington City [D.C.]) 1870-1872, 1870-04-25
THE sIrUATIONG-
IA. CompIIcations-TheIr origin aud
solution.


states OF America and his Oathono majesty,
desiring 20 consolidate, on permanent basis,
the friendship and good ootrespondenoe which
happily prevails between ne heo pdHts!l have
determined 70 settle and terminate all pA,t
shall designate with precision the limits OF
their respective bordering territories In North
John quincy Adams, PIenipotentIary Ne.
EbtlAtor on the part Of the United State', and
1oulh De unis, Plenipotentitry Negohalor 90
the part % bis Catholic MNesty, tull p9Wets
being exchanged, agreed upon aud concluded
the following articles, among othets, Wis
| ARr, H. His Catholic Majesty csdes TO the
sd STATE. e OK ,1gy az" q 'Isyt T :I.
i alsd 10 the eastward OF the Misslssippi, known
| ~ East and West Florida, the adjacent islands
SS ssSsTe. o S.sspt isSGs, public eSoss, for
tfnoAtlons, barracks, and herbuildingawhieh
are not private property H,chiyss snd doeu;
farsreigsiy Of said provinces, are Included 10
tAis article. The ssld archives and documents
ahan he LEFT In possession Of the commission
sfsor ficers ofthe United States duly author
iied TO receive them.
'ART. =. Establishes the boundary line BE-.
ftrstA Ne Zoo eouniriei," In which they style
Themselves "tAs turo high contracting pdTiies.i
IART, V. Provides that the Inhabitants OF
the ceded territories shall be secured IN the
free exercise Of their religion without any re-
atriotion, and all those who may desire to re-
move TO the Spanish donations shall be per-
mitted to aell or export their effects a. any
time whatever without being subject 10 either
ART vi. The Inhabitants Of the territories
which his Catholic Majesty eedes TO the Uni.
TED States by this treaty shall be incorporated
| ID the union OF the United States a. soon ~
may be consistent with the principles Of the
| FEDERAL Constitution, and admitted to the
| seI0yment Of all the privilege, rights aud
| immunittea OF the citizens ofthe United States.
Laws United states, vol 0, ?. Ola, Collins
Here We have a declaration and recognition
| OF the national unity and capaolty OF the Gov
| eminent Of the United States as consoll-
| dated soveTeIgnty. All idea Of state dlstlne-
lions and .oVereignties, as Nntagonlstio to
| Of the United states, IL, as II were, discarded
| OF laid aside. Mr., Adams IL treated and re-
esiyed as representing one high contracting
/ whose several independenoy must be recog-
| nIzed 10 the negotiation.
His Catholic Majesty, the King Of Spain,
| eedos his Imperial sovereignty over the terri
| tories referred to to the government OF the
| nation, existing under the confederate deaig-
nation OF THE United States OF America"
This designation 10 used and accepted as
being as broad and AZ eomprehensive In ita
scope and as significant Of oneness as ta the
dSsiEnation "IIls Catholic Majesty, the King
OF the one government 10 as conspicuously set
forth as 10 the imperial capacity and unity OF
tie other. Andths one becomes As fully invest
ed with all the sovereign power Of the other,
over the territory or provinces In question,
a. the other does over the money which put-
oatside Of The Federal Con .titution, and inde.
pSndsntly also Of the people inhabitlng In the
iaid provinces or territory. From the latter
. aS T and they become subjects Of its
supreme Jurisdiction only by Virtue OF the
| ostsiou made by His Catholic Majesty, the
saSinS, or sssSds from Ris i1psTis soTsrsisStT
| before the treaty, they would have been re-
| Tlrded and dealt with as rebels and outlaws.
| They would have been Just A. much go II they
hsS attempted TO Seeeds or revolt from the
| 0overnment OF the United States aftOr the
| treaty.
dSwss With With state sapSoIis,' Tshts, SSd priv
ilegssi and how shall they attain to = state
position In the Union BY the Federal Oon-
Il not plain that II can only be by the grace and
favor Of the Sovereignty which has purchased
the imperial right to govern themi What
make them Independent Of Its superior Jurls-
dIntioni oply 10 invest them with the right
And power to Seoede entirely from its Author-
cit both OF the United States and his Catholic
Majesty the King Of Spain. An easy way this
for people to throw OF their allegiance to
one power, by an ostenhlble submission
10 anothSr, IN order to make themselves indie.
pendent OF both.
But take yet another, and still more ioreible
| ILLUSTRATION Of this idea Of . soveringty and
| power in the national Government OF the
Union A. It exists, or IL claimed to exist at the
Prssent day, outside and Independently Of the
| a powerful denomination OF the unity and
| solidarity oIthe national character, as well AZ
the paramount supremacy Of the national gov
/ err aent Of the U6lon. mean the annexation
The confederaey called the UnItcd States Of
America, at that time, was composed OF I'll .
| thirteen original States. The new States o I
Vermont, Maine, Indians, Mississippi, Illinois.
Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee Ohio and
| Michigan, formed out Of the original terri
toriai and state domain known to the Federal
| Consultation, and within the boundaries OF
the United States as settled BY the dehnitive
| treaty with Great Britain; aud the new States
| ofLouiSiAnA, Missouri. Arkansas aud Florida,
| formed out OF territory foreign to the original
| States, and unknown to the Constitution.
sS,ss o,1sx ~ hs S o,is,n
States with the constitutional new States
having clear two thirds count In the whole
| tNsntY-seVen, and all OF them being fully rep
resented in both Houses Of Congress.
| Here we have q eonAolldA tlOn OF sovereignty
| Vssted In the general government Of the Union
| nslly unisr the Federal Constitution. II IL
different In the extent OF its domain, In the
reach OF its juriHdletion, and In the source Of
the elements Of most powerful dislnteKrA-
tiDn of the old foundations. Yet 10 lite ma
tiDnAl add state eapAeitlea and relations, II u
seemingly the Constitution Htil which limits
and defines both its Sovereignty and the allie.
glance which 10 Its duei while In Its territorial
Possessions II looms up with pureAaIsd SOW
ereiEntY as the source Of its supremacy.
1tWAs, ostensibly At least, in the exercise OF
supposed Inherent sovereign right to acquire
And hold territory that this new and enlarged
UOnfederAey, still styled the United States Of
America, resolved upon the s4Ae5aiioa 81
TIrdI to Its national domain and Jurildlotion.
The rs,slIitsn could not snd cannot De de;
be upheld as lawful, or sustained as lsgiti-
mate eIsrolae OF power BY the Government, on
Aay other theory. II was a. Iorelgn TO, and
tion a. was the treaty OF peace between Great
Britain and France III iIO5. II was too AnomA-
PToS,,sanE 10 gtsfs1S ihsf there wa:
| al best mont onstitutlonal.
Why so AnomalouSt Because Texas was
sovereign Republican Independent nation.
Her chief executive was neither monarch nor
40 emperor nor king. He wore no crown,
Ter subjects. He derived his position as the
tive decentralization under a constitution
framed BY the free voice OF q free people.
They owed allegiance to him as the Governor
Of hls sonstitutionai elevation to that high
| ohnee. Moreover Texas had never sustained
Aay relations Of allegiance to or dependence
THE proposition, therefore, for her AnneEA-
| tion and her admission intO the Union as q
State Involved proposition for the AequiSi.
tiOn OF foreign territory different from any
such acquisition heretofore made. True, II
was, IS 10 other eases, . negotiation between
two distinct and Independent powers, each
aSdsf the R sdsfaI Sonstituiion. BIT I Il WsS
also, more than this, II vas proposition
from one such nation to sell hersel to another.
The one WAs the sovereign Republic OF Texas.
The other was the sovereign Republic, The
United States OF hmerleA, each = popular
sovereignty. The people Of Texas coveted,
more than they did her Independent nation
atty, the position, privileges, and protection
OF 4 State membership In the general union
OF the tnited States. Such was her position,
such the ambition or longing OF her people.
tits plain that the Federal Constitution had
no more to do with the proposition on the
part OF the United States, than II had to do
With 1t 90 the part OF Texas. 1t has no pro.
ViaiOn 10 II which pfeaoTibes or lntimAteS the
terms which should or should not be dictated
b. the former, any more than II has to the
mode OF approach which may or may not be
adopted or pursued by the latter, Each 10 act
Ing In her own sovereign capacity, and outside
Of 1.-THE Constitution, 80 far Aa ita power to act
at all IL concerned, The joint resolution for
the aHAsnaiion Of TerdI was, ylzi "RsIolpsd BY
ne Senate and House Of Representatives Of the
United Sidist Of AmfrteG IN CongreIJ dtSsBJisd,
That Congress doth consent that the territory
Properly included within, aud rightfully be-
longing to the Republic OF Texas may be
erected Into = new state, TO be called the State
OF Texas, with a republican form OF govern.
ment 10 be adopted BY the people OF said re-