davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
Use of Lime in Agriculture.

TIE action of lime is two-fold: first
physical, and second, chemical. As a
mechanical agent it opens stiff clays,
rendering them friable, mellow, and more
easily worked; chemically, it acts upon
the vegetable matter of the soil and sets
free those stores of valuable substances
which, without the action of this agent,
must have remained inert and useless. 1t
also enters directly into the composition
of plants, and in many varieties forms a
large proportion of the weight of their
inorganic constituents. 1t neutraIizes
certain acid which are often present in
soils, rendering them useful to vegetation
instead Of being positively injurious, which
they are in their original state The ex-
istence of water in the soil, however,
affects the action oflime very considerably.
If the land is wet and undrained lime
will not exert the same influence which it
would do in the case Of thoroughly drain
ed land. Agreater quantity oflime is needed
to produce a given effect, and thus the
neglect of thorough drainage entail. a
considerable greater expenditure in linn
ing, than would have been necessary. if
the land was either naturally or artificial
ly dry.-Camrr0n's Chemisf1g of .10ri-
fHre
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
Orchard Questions.

q. AVERY, Waterford Pa, writes,
asking how to improve an old orchard of
natural fruit, the trees of which, by prun-
ing away the lower branches from time
to tlme have become so tall as to render
1t dlfhcult to gather the fruit, which, when
gathered, is small and of little value.
The trees were planted in 1924, among
stumps and roots, at distances of about
two rods each, covering some six acres.
Soil, dry clay and gravel, He asks if he
can cut the trees down and raise sprout
from the root ; or ifa sprout can be found
growing from the side of tree four or
five feet from the ground, should he cut
away the main body just above the sprout
and then graft the sprout. He says he
saw in the RURAL Newly Yorker an ac-
count of man renewing his orceard twice
IN his lifetime, but he has forgotten how.
Our advice in the premises is to calti-
waite the ground thoroughly by blowing
and manuring among the old trees, and
then to plant two-year-old thrifty trees Of
approved valuable sorts, at equal distan-
ces among the old orchard. Leave the
old trees to bear what they will for, say
four years, at which time the young trees
will produce from peck 10 hatf bush
ell each. Then cut away the old trees
root and branch. Removing old, worth.
less native seedlings by means of cutting
back, waiting for new shoots, and then en-
grating, can be done; but it is far NOR,
expensive practise and not as satisfactory
in the end as planting anew.
We have no recollection of the account
Of the man renewing his orchard twice il
his lifetime, which you say was published
in the RURAL; but we think the man who
having once acquired good orchard
permits it to become diseased and value
less, so as to again require systematic
course of renewal must be a careless, neg
lectfu cultivator, and not the kind of maj
to devote the labor and care necessary I,
such renewal; or else must have been amar
like METHUsELAH, of so long a life as t,
embrace two generations Of apple trees
each of which may be counted at say on
hundred years.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
Ppstru.
THE OLD HOMESTEAD.

Alone and unguarded it stands in its shadows,
The snowlrift UNDECIDED about its low door;
The shrll winds Of winter sob loud through each
crevico,
Aud tumble unhcari Ger the untrodden floor.
There still through each chamber the moonlight
crceps nightly.
And feels its white fingers across the bare floor
As though it were seeking the hce Of some sleeper
That never would dream meath its roof any more
o, never, the dreamers that nightly assembled,
Care free and happy to sleep undisturbed,
Are now scattered, some to the world, and the
others
Are laid with the hosts of the pulseless unheard
o, silence unbroken, no footsteps disturb thee
For our little brown feet with their untiring fall
Have crept Ger thy threshold to wander forever
Away from their brood nest the ancestral wall
q never again DER thy doorstone, in summer,
viii the print of our Young feet be traced by
the dew,
Or the burst Of glad voices be heard in our gambo
So happy and light in their innocence true
Dear visions departed forever departed,
And nought but the dead leaves of memory sere
Are left in my heart so withered and matted
With the drifts that have gathered for many n
year.
Alone and unkcpt it stands in its shadows,
And yet not alone, for nature is true,
And the long fingered grass Ger the low sill is wo-
While king-cups and daise' creep near in the
dew.
Yes, nature will guard it, and warm winds and
moonbeams
win lay their thin hands on its messy old roof,
And the light footed rain drops will glide Ger its
shingles
Awaking low sobs on the lonely old roof
Yes nature will guard it, and timd-lipped breezes
In sad, waling whispers forever shall fall
But those who once kept it will never more listen
To the songs the wind sings in the crazy old wall
-Smday Mraiaq Gasdie.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

ring in the M'rrAr Lrr, of New York ~ S "' ny "'"
NEW COMPANIES
OF e fifteen new ,n COMPANIES , organized prior 1851 expenses
est and thirty per ceu. = w ~ " ~ "g"
OF the twenty organized subsequently, prior 1867 the a
OF three the lowest and and of seven or
the highest and over fifty cent while the expenses average n
oc thirteen companies organized 1867 and 1868 the average x
are the lowest and about forty per cent and SIX the highest
The table also shows policy holders are indebted to stock
Massachusetts Life Insurance Report page This very Important
ITEM will not only have pay expenses annually hcrr
new c'" but also help old debts due stockholders past cvT
hundred and twenty Life Companies doing United States
the is spend more of each do I of
Somewhere w S w nn 'Dn 'na oS for its reserve
,The cost which business conducted present fairly or main.
due any real necessity and the actual practice of of the
I'VE desire way the success. of the new COM
Ianie already fairly launched the of competition fully
Besides the three score companies and old whose appear
prove o s s a "o f '1 At
"one the expedents onew copaand
get business the hcrang of features pr~, nuheI
aGnnt pawhic had their day and passed into dc before
nan G e"r an 't stab system and at the time safe for
fer at the same price Almost wonderful thing be done
h Report iGS pp @ s i and i'" not '"'
The Mutual Company New York; sth P oldest Life Company
of its business obtained time when competition and the cost
and expenses than those Fanny oI company
The highest wear by the
Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York for expenses G
l269
years only III being twelve the
c expended by any the old companies organized
ceed more money and paid less proportion of it for expenses greater pro-
portion oft in dividends to pohods than other Every
regular rate of interest realized matter of fact the ro
from u,n voars
the greater part OF the Company leaving but small paid by
rocyholders Miscellaneous
being offset from miscellaneous profits TO
be derived only by nung having been pcr.
ally overlooked understood by either
PAID the cash value forfeited and surrendered policies
Zo ahd although much larger than the
yet account of its immense business and
greater while of
and business smaller dd
These are facts which ought influence those contemplating
EP.R.
NJ l.. Agent.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

A CHEAP lee IIoUsE.-"A year or two
ago had my attention called to an ice
house built by farmer near me, which
was simply bin,made with rough boards,
sixteen feet square and rooted over, leav-
ing large opening at the front and sides.
lie said his ice kept perfectly until the
next winter. lie put on layer of saw
dust, about a foot thick, on the ground,
and then stacked the ice snugly in the
center, eighteen or twenty inches from the
walls, and then filed in with sawdust, and
up over the top foot or more thick.
Last winter, before filling my ice
house, determined to try his method.
| accordingly tore out all the inside wall,
and shoveled out the sawdust; then fill
ed by stacking it snugly in the center,
fifteen to twenty inches from the wall.
This space | filed in with pine sawdust,
and covered the whole over the top a
foot thick or more. left out the win
dow and took down my door and left it
all open,so that the sun can shine in there
every day. Now for the results. At
the present time | have an abundance of
ice, and the cakes seem to come out as
square and perfect as when they went in,
seemingly nothing lacking except what is
used out. am satisfied 'how to build
an ice house. '"-Cor. ". Y. Farmers
Chi.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
EARM FOR SALE.

The subscriber offers his farm for safe. The
homestead continuing 1870 acres, also 90 acres
some 80 rods south OF she house on the road-st-
uatcd one mile west Of Bristol Village, on the
north and south road. All outbuildings necessary
in good repair. A good story and hall house
with an J.. well arranged for two families. Well
watered and plenty OF wood with a nice young
orchard. One of the best grain farms In the
county well adapted for dairy in good state OF
cultivation, with good fences Three miles from
Cheese Factory For further particulars call
and see. 39,tt DORUS S. PARMELEE.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

MANAGEMENT OF MILK.-Aaron Kill
man of Mexico, n. Y, writes:
j. II. WOODBURY. says his COW has ava.
ragged eighteen quarts of strained milk
per day, from which were made eight
pounds of butter per week, that would
be pound of butter from about thirty.
two pounds of milk. | will give you
some of my small experience in the sum.
mer of 1868. was milking ten cows
in May the milk was weighed for two
weeks, and kept in tin pans in an airy
pantry, the cream was churncd and the
butter prepared for market, found on
weighing the butter we had a pound from
twenty-five pounds of milk. The LIST of
August gave the milk the same test; re-
suit, one pound of butter from twenty
eight pounds of milk, the cream not all
rising before the milk would sour
then added one pint of cold water to each
pan of milk as soon as strained result,
one pound of butter from twcnty-six
pounds Of milk; the last two weeks in
September we gave another test without
the water; result, one pound of butter
from twenty pounds Of milk - Doo,S
Ruv0I
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

Many man is tempted by the beauty
and promise of half breed bull calf
to keep him for the perpetuation of his
good qualities. The editor of the Amer
lean Agric"ltWia says this would be
very well if only there were any hope of
his doing 1t with even tolerable certainty;
but there is not. The result of using
such an animal as sire is generally
most unsatisfactory, The cloven foot of
a mongrel ancestry will constantly show
itself in most provoking manner, and
there is really no sefety, if we wish to
improve our stock, except in destroying
at least the virility of every bull calf that
has not clean recorded pedigree. We
sometimes hear it said Of an animal that
she carries his pedigree in his horns and
in his hide There can be no greater
nonsense than this. The only pedigree
Of an animal that is worth anything is a
positive knowledge that for many genera
tions no strain Of IMPURE blood has been
allowed to creep into his veins. This
given, then seek for the most perfect de-
velopment of every desirable quality ;
but without this the highest type of out
ward appearance may only be Il snare
and delusion.
As a case in point, we know a grade
Jersey cow-thrce-quarters Jersey and
one-quarter Alphabetically va thorough
bred Jersep bull, hrd calf which woald
have passed muster in here of pure Ayr
shires. The strain of Ayrshire blood
itself thoroughbred blood-for once as
serted ITSELF and took possession Of the
field, although the earlier and the better
calves of the same dam had all the look Of
the Jersey.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
agricultural department.
CONDUCTED BY ALBERT CHAPMAN

Mr.. j. F. Cotton of Weybrdge, sends
us the following statement Of the income
from four cows he has MIXED for mum.
Der of years past The account is very
interesting because so few farmers keep
any accurate account of the produce ac-
tually derived from their farm stock, es-
pecially for term of years. 1t is also "a
matter of note as showing the increase in
IN the returns derived from cows as they
Increase in years, and as showing that
the maximum Of usefulness is at an advance
ed age.
The sums given as receipts from butter
and fatted calves sold, were what was ac-
tually obtained, the estimates for sour
milk and calves raised are such as we
conceive to be be moderate and lust in
or judgment.
AT the commencement of the account
as given one COW was 4 years, two were
. and one was 6 years old. Size below
medium, breed native (?) keep, hay and
grass only except from time of calving
until turned out to grass when they had
one feed per day of sugar beets, with
little bran or meal There was no record
kept, or estimate made, of the milk or
butter used in small family.
The butter was sold from week to
week as it was made. The average price
obtained in each year was 1861 29c
1868, 36c; 1869, 36c The fractions
omitted
Butter-No of lbs. sold, 1867,
sol, sold for 232,6O
calves fattcd and sold for 1890
Sour milk estimated at So per
COW, 1900
Total receipts for 1867 s3O4,5O
1868, same cows | year older
No oflbs. butter sold, 7S9,
sold for 2S413
calves fatted and sold for 1854
calves raised estimated so
each 20 90
Sour milk 8
each COW 1900
Total receipts for 1868 355,67
1869 same cows, year older,
No Of lbs. butter sold 1007I
sold for 35o SO
calves fatted AMI sold 1925
= calves raised estimated SO
each IN M
Sour milk estimated =
each COW 300
S435 10
Total amount for three years sl095,30
Average for each year 365,10
Average recei pts from each
COW per year y1,27l
Average receipts from each
cow last year l0S,7S4
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

The Pedal | conceive to he unapruachable in
their beautiful, smooth, quaty.- WIN. King.
Ii is a grand, good instrument, aud il does hon
OF to the Builder II. &. Folger, Troy, \. Y.
iactured in this country orahruad - W. T. Haw-
ey, ton duac, Wis.
am particularly pleased with the arrangement
Of the different registers W. H. Bradbury.
No other instrument SO uearly approaches the
organ. = The Chorister, New York.
This instrument has a clear superiority over
anything vet introduced among us. ii.,!sIen
dent, New York
The tunes and action are excellent. - Rev
Mr. leavitt, Hudson. ~ y
The more we use it, the better We like It'll.
b. Hague, HUDSON, y. \,
The Two-Bank organ lIarmonium is really a
gem,-lJ. W. kinnicuti, Boston, Mass.
Wehave ioundithem excellent in all points con-
stituting good instrument. Il J. &. Cook, I. j.
Cook.
1t looks and sounds spendidly. y. u. Saxtcn,
Troy.
The most perfect toned melodeon | ever saw
- Guy +. North.
They fall back ON such substantial merits a~
superiority Of workmanship, beauty oi tone, aud
reasonableness OF price and We must say that in
all these respects they are well worthy of praise
- Musical Pioneer August, 1861
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

Deweys -four mills, at Port Colborne
Ont, were destroyed by fire on Monday
night. Loss $4,000; insurance s5,-
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
FALL AND WINTER GOODS
FOR 1860
JU ST EIVED

w M . ; l. A ID F.
Having just returned from New York, offers fol
sale at Low Prices the largest and hest assert
ment of
NJ lLLiN cry & FANCY GOODS
ever brought into this Country
HATS AND CAPS-LATEsT STYLES.
RIBBONS, PLU.MES,
FREN en- FL WERS,
BLOND LACES, Sc.
have also u large lot of
DRESS e. CLOAK TRIMMIN GS,
BILLION FRIsGKs and liKADIsGs to match Dnrs,
BUTTONS, Silk and Jet Real CLuNrt
LACEs, VELVET Ribbons &c.
have this day received twenty-five dozen
* ID q 10 f. s,
in black asd colors; a fine assortment OF Stacking
and ready made Sacks; Winter Gloves; "A large
Sets, and real Thread Lace Collars Linen Collars
hemmed stitched, plain and lace Frence Corsets,
Braiding Patterns &C., &c.
A large line Bergman Zephyr Worsteds, Wors-
ted Patterns, Slipper Patterns, Ottoman Patterns,
Cushion Patterns and everything in the Worsted
line.
Ladies, call and see the largest
assortment in town!
Fancy Hoods, hubas, Breakfast Shawls, Wooden
Shawls, double and single, Arab Shswls &C.. &c,
would not forget to mention, just received ,
new and desirable lot Of Ladies' Back Combs
| Dressing Combs, Coarse aud i ne Combs Hail
Brushes, ranging in price from 5Octs to 1900
also have large quantity of Wooden Yarns whicl
| with to close out and will sell the sumo cheaI
for cash. ! keep constantly on hand real Hail
Switches aud Mohair Switches to match all shade,
of hair, Hair Brads, Puils, Platts and Curls anc
in Periumery and Hair Oils We have everything
Bay Rum Florida Water, Cologne Pomades
Halls Hair Remover and Martha Washington Sc
Ladies' don't forget that SHADES is the place {,
get real Hair Switches to match all shades Of hair
Hair Braids, Puns Platts and Curls, Soaps, Per
fumery.
| hope tho ladies will not forget that keep con
stantly on hand FANCy IlEAD DRESSES CARS
DREss Cars. All the above articles ole
cheap for cash, and thanking the public for pas
iavors, solicit a continuance OF the same.
WIN. SLADE
Middlebury, Septem'' sd 1859. "a
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

In which department we are ready to serve the
public. and offer for sale among our stock
FANCY WHITE WINTER WHEAT FLOUR,
CHOICE =.
Z" AMBER
" No. SPRING
GRAHAM
" BUCKWHEAT
RYE
CRACKED WHEAT
CORN MEAL.
PROYENDER
STATE & WESTERN CORN,
STATE OATS RYE & BUCKWHEAT.
MlDDLlNGS & BRAN.
CANADA PEAS, SEEDS, sc.
We are also grinding and have for sale
NOVA SCOTIA PLASTER
DAIRY & TABLE SaLT,
Turks Island Salt, Cement, Lime
Calcined Plaster. &c.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

We shall spare no effort to merit your patron
age aud propose to he governed in prices by mar
ket values. We ask you to examine our stock
ahd prices, ana we invite your uttention particu
larry to our stock OF Flour.
TICKNOR & GOODRICH.
Middlebury, September 20. 1869. 20
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
S435,13

Total amount for three years slO95, 30
Average for each year 1865, 10
Average receipts from each
COW per year yl.271
Average receipts from each
COW, last year l0S.7S4
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08
GOLD MEDAL,

for the Best Cabinet Organ also the Fxst Prize
at the Kansas State Far, aud at the New Jersey
State Fair in lSG.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

E9-Eyery instrument is fully warranted, and
bought and shipped in New York City, WITHOUT
CHARGE.
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

From among the very tialterint
The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1870-02-08

For these instruments We have always received
the First Prize, wherever exhibited in c0mpetis
ton. At the great contest, American Institute
Fair, lSj5-the only time in which all the argc
makers were brought together, received the
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-09-12

display Of vital energy, and from land to
land, from far up along the Baltic to the
remote borders Of the Adriatic, and re- echoing
thence throughout all the civilized regions of
the earth, is heard this great masculine leu
tonic voice mingling the words of brotherhood
and freedom with it's songs of patriotic devo-
ton to Fatherland. 1t is an imposing revela-
ton of our immediate time, this sudden dis
closure of vast, iberty-loving element all
over the world-this recognized presence, in
days so lately thought to be degenerate. of
s'home," household" country" '''honor,"
''freedom" on the lips of cosmopolitan race
who unite profound skill, indomitable perse-
verance and heroic valor to natural love for
peace and all domestic virtues Let us take
heart, again, who believe in the better desti
MES Of mankind. God has His champions
ready for the appointed hour!
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-09-12

SANaUINARY MODE OF REDUCING POLITICAL
MAJoRIT1Es. a political club meeting held
somewhere up town last Saturday night, pre-
sided over by the poet warrior, Colonel Du-
game, rather summary method of reducing
the great democratic majority in New York
was proposed by one of the speakers. This
was nothing less than for the members of the
Soldiers and Sailors Central Club-a branch,
probably, of the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic-to station themselves at the various poll
ing places and blaze away with their revolvers
at such American sovereigns as might offer to
vote without the approval Of these guardians
of the polls. In this way it was calculated
that the registration in this city might be cut
down from one hundred and seventy thousand
to one hundred thousand. General John A.
Foster, who recommends this cool process,
was made use of during the war in the capa-
city of Judge Advocate to brighten off or sup
press the Presidential votes Of the army for
Mcclellan; but he did not venture on SO san
culinary plan as he now proposes. The bal
lot is truly in these days glorious privilege
of freemen ''Vivc la lSberte!"
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-09-12

ANOTHER FALLEN OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES OF
THE FENIAN LEADER late Emperor of
the French is not alone in his fall from great
ness. On this side of the Atlantic there is
another leader, who, like Napoleon, went
forth to war without counting the cost, and
now finds himself prisoner where he is
treated with less consideration than Napo-
leon at Wilhelmshohe. But General ONeill
has determined not TO give his captors the
same excuse that the Frenchman gives to
his. He has formally abdicated merging all
his powers in the Fenian organization of
which Mr.. Savage is the president. Now that
unity has been thus restored, let John Bull look
to the safety of the Green Island, and let the
Irish servant girls look to their pocketbooks.
Raids may be expected
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-09-12
City improvements.

The Commissioners of Public Parks have
been actively engaged of late in identifying
every green spot in and about the city which
might by any possibility be designated by the
name of park. 1t is not alone the Park, par
excellence, which receives the Commissioners
attention. but all the smaller open places,
where the poor can enjoy the luxury OF fresh
air and a peep at the greensward and the
flowers. come in also for portion Of the good
work. This is a humanizing labor. What with
the pleasant breathing places, and the cheer
full music supplied in the small parks at regu-
lar intervals, the working classes in the middle
and lower parts of the city have refinement
brought TO their very doors if they do but
choose to avail themselves of the opportunity
to enioy it, And we know that they do, in
vast numbers. 1t is unnecessary to refer to
the influence thus produced upon whole
masses of people who were hitherto shut up
in crowded tenements and dwellings, during
the swetering evenings of sumGer.
The Park Commissioners must be credited
with good sense and a consideration for the
health and comfort of the masses in thus I'M
proving the small parks. They are convert
ing the City Hall wilderness and the Battery
trodden-down desert into pheasant places,