The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1870-04-23
Correspondence of the New York world.l

Correspondence OF the New York world.l
WASHINGTON, April is.
1t has already been mentioned In this cor
respondence that there was settled design on
the part Of the Radical leaders here to revive and
anplify the old Freedmens Bureau under the
specious name Of Depart ment OF Education,
Bureau OF National Instruction, or some such
catching title, the pretence being the one limited
attn the Executive message at the time that
great fraud, the Fifteenth amendment, was de-
elared ratifed-that without education the negro
is not secure in his BALLOT but the real secret OF
the design is to bring into existence political
agency that Will enable the Radicals to compactly
organize the Southern negro vote, and bring 1t up
en- masse to the polls As 1t Is high time the peo-
pie should be informed OF the true nature OF this
move, will endeavor to give you the result OF
some investigation in the matter.
There Is no authority in Congress to establish
such q department as the one here proposed. II
was never meant that the Federal Government
should be what Is called "a personal govern.
meut'' but purely political and general IN lts
scope, attending to certain matters OF common
import as common agent. and leaving all ques'
tions which grow out OF the domestic relations
particularly to the States. Accordingly II IS only
in the one single domestic relation Of master ana
servant that there Is even SO much as ilne IN
that instrument, and even this does not attempt
tTregnlate the relation itself, but only to settle
the duties Of two or more States In reference TO
possible interstate complication arising there
upon, thus keeping up the Idea OF having notnlng
personal private or domestic in the constitution,
but political relations enly. The particular pro
vision here alluded to, being the fugitive slave
clause, is now altogether obsolete, and thus the
fundamental law OF the United States has not the
remotest applicability, even ia political View 70
any domestic relation or It's sequences: -,
Row, education is O domestic matter. IL IS che
OF the t1.inodid parentuTn, OF the three obliga
tiops incumbent on parents, or those IN loco pd-
RENTS towards their children; that Is 10 say, 70
support, to protect and to educate. Hence II is
that to the States only, which are the assembled
parents, real or constructive, OF the community,
appertains the whole matter Of education. me
Federal constitution has not tile snghtese power
In this matter nor In anything even remotely ap-
proximating the same, its sole 1urisdictlon III
matters OF Intellectual import being the power
see Artl sec par "to promote tne 9 pIEgtesSs
times to authors and inventors the exclusive right
to their respective writings and discoveries.
Patent and copyright laws are thus the only pow
ers or Congress In mental fields. Turn 70 any
State constitution, however, and how broad, un,
mistakable and exact is the scope OF educational
jurisdiction. The famous common school system
is emphatically State system, originated, sus-
famed and administered solely by the States.
Such being the case, II there Is this so great ne
cessty to educate the negroes Of the Soutn, why
do not the State governments OF the soutn pro.
vide for such education? All the powers OF these
State governments are in the hands OF the pecu-
liar friend Of the negro. Why do they not give
him q common school system at the expense OF
those States? And by what right is u that the
negro children OF the South shall be educated at
the cost OF the white parents and taxpayers OF the
Norths Connecticut pays Tor tne eouGat,on S,s VI
her own children; why should she pc calleo om ~
nav for the education OF the children OF South
Carolina too2 There is absolutely no such risht.
The bare proposition TO saddle the Northern
StsSes with the cost Of the educational systems OF
the Southern States Is a piratlcal proposition:
Erp hp
the States South admit by implication there IS no
such right; and to show how fully they recogaiZe
care aud the cost OF education within their limits,
let me refer 10 those documents.
ALABAMA.
The reconstructed constitution gives TO the sup
mort OF q common school system all school lands,
swamp lands. and bequests; all escheats all mill
,ary exemption fees; poll tax. unlimited IN
each district; tax on all railroads, navigation,
banking insurance, and exchange companies,
home or roreign the 2lo, 900 agricultural college
acres; 'oneffth OF the aggregate annna! revenue
of the State,m and "such other means as the Gene
raj Assembly shall provide"
ARKANSAS.
All school lands, stocks and bonds whatsoever;
all escheats estrays land fines or lorleitures, anu
unclaimed dividends whatsoever; all unspecluea
devises to the State; and State poll TAX OF 81.
FLORIDA.
All school lands or bequests; all unspecifying
beauests to the State; all donations TO same; all
escheats forfeitures, and militia exemption ices;
all penal fines; twenty five per cent. Of all pro.
ceeds OF sales OF public lands III State; "a special
tax or not less than one mill on the dollar Of all
taxable property in the State annually; "Such
portion OF the per capita tax as may he prescribed
By aw' twenty.av per cent: additional , IN IN each
priati0ns By the State" unlimited.
GEORGIA.
Total proceeds of 81 poll tax: Of tax on shows
and liquors; all State educational funds anu MILL
tary exemption fees. "And II the provisions mere.
in made shall, at any time, prove insufficient, the
General Assembly shall have power to levy sucn
general tax upon the property OF the state as may
De necessary for the support OF said scnool sys-
tem.''
LOUISIANA.
All school lands or funds; all escheats, unspecl
rynp beuuests TO the State. and rent OF State
i3nds. one half OF the pol,taX; and the iLegisla-
ture shall provide for support OF the school system
"nT taxation or otherwise"
MISSISSIPPI.
Total proceeds OF the polltax o. 81; the 2lo'oo'