New-York tribune., 1870-01-05

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toms Of large numbers OF SOBER temperate, law-abidng
citizens whose enjoyment OF such customs ga not pre-
authorizes arrest without warrant and under s opera
on system OF espionage has grown up as degfatiS 20
the police compelled to carry 1t OUT as IL II 10
the people who suffer from it, For these reasons again
EIeIse laws should be uniform in principle and general
in their application throughout the State regulating ae
fine and pace aiming to secure order and decorum on
every day OF the week fully recognizing the general sen
men besS eeSUT done q. in e Of the state
from the earliest period OF its history yet free from tue
metropolitan District Law. and which are wholly Un- @
necessary the attainment OF these ehds boaros Ti &
thOrity recommend the abolition OF the county poaus
as now organized throughout the State and the substu
ton Of local boards to be composed Of the Supervisors
aud Justices OF the Peace OF the several ms was
6s Qa sy sy'G% Sesn IMPROVE
quent legislation In villages the board might propery
consist OF the President and Board Of Trustees ana In
| cities be appointed by the Mayor
COMMISSIONS AND CnY GOVERNMENTS.
Tho Constitution OF 1916 recognized, for the purposes OF
local government counties. cities, towns ana villages,
and no other territorial divisions and provided that the
officers thereof should elected by the electors OF such
counties cities towns and villages of some division
thereof or appointed by such authorities thereof the
Legislature should designate. This provision was In,
tended the right OF seitg0yernnent IN local
affairs against any possible encrOachment or violation
For tho purpose OF evadng it, the Legislature created
ing counties and established within their limits various
independent boards and commissions, In which all powers
subjects are vested and the members OF which commits
sSponsd sSnS nfe Sy By the authorities thereof The constitution
aty Of this legislation affirmed by the Court OF Ap
pea although is hardly denied that it is evasion
OF the spirit Constitution. The effect In every
practically to give TO the political minority in
districts the power through tine central authority
| at the capital, OF governing the majority
cannot be denied that there were evils In municipal
governments existing at the time, which were seized
upon preeXt for this extraordinary legislation The
intelligent sentiment Of the community today declares
that such legislation unwlse and that the true
remedy for the evils complained OF was not In laws OF
character mentioned but in thorough reorganiza
tion OF municipal governments upon souhu ptIhGlpes
have always been opposed TO the laws referred TO- ana
peal and thorough Of the charters Of the cities
embraced in any these districts in order to insure an
guaranteed by the Constitution Existing charters are
radically defective inasmuch as there Is an almost en-
absence OF executive power in the mayor and, as
said in my last annual message, no good government
be secured TO any great city unless shall have
responsible head in whom shall be vested all executive
power and to whom, the elected representative OF the
people, all departments charged with administrative
duties shall be directly and summariy responsible aud
accountable believe this 10 be the very foundation
stone of a good municipal government This
subject one in which the people of the whole state
feel deep interest and in regard to which they Will
expect prompt and judcious legislative action.
EARLY LEGISLATION.
1t is the practice to submit the annual tax eyes Of the
city and county Of Ncw-YOrk to the Legislature for ap
prova For many years past the consideration Of these
and Of the several appropriation bills for the State Gov
has been delayed until late period OF the ses-
sion The Executive 49, by this delay, practically de-
priyed OF the opportunity TO present objections any
he has the PROVISIONS Of these important bills to the
LegisIature be deemed valid, the bills may be amended
Not only these but many other bills OF great importance
last presented To me at the very ehd OF thc
session. that alternative was left to me but 10 ap
prove Notwithstanding some Objectionable details or
dsapprove the bills and lethem il to become laws aC
great public inconvenience For these reasons recon-
mend that the city and county tax eyes, as well as all
bills apprOpriang moneys for the support Of the STATE
Government be taken up early in the session. and also
that the consideration OF other DIs OF great general I'M
pOrance be postponed no longer than the state OF puDAc
business makes necessary
far To Emo prp.
sencd to you facts and suggestions connected with the
condition OF our own state Our especial duty Is TO
prudent, honest, and economical home government:
His nercies. acknowledging dependence upon Him,
To- lead ms through ali the dangers which bese Us
all i'm our respective spheres labor to the state
and to the country substantial prosperity and real and
FEDERAL AFFAIRS
The people OF this State are deeply concerned IN wise
administration OF Federal affairs AS representing them,
believe to be my duty before closing this message, to
call attention to- and to protest against whatever in the
policy Of the General Government strikes at their COM
mercal and agricultural interests is in any pre-
judicial to their welfare protest against the revolution
ments OF the Constitution OF the United states;
by which. among their other efforts at centralzl-
ton. they seek the absolute control OF elections
in the states Poweress themselves to amend it By
direct act and unable to procure the voluntary consent
, ,e md nnIIiYv tc viii NJ others whose pToprr
relations the Federal Government have never been III
terrupted, and whom they cannot constrain
l protest against the action OF both Congress and the
President of the United States subecng the people
Georgia TO military power. their State Govern
beng In full operation and the restoration OF their
constitutional relations with the Federal Government
having been recognized by the Federal authorities
representation OF any OF the States II any be
cuded the rights Of all unsettled, and the harmony
OF our Government Is destroyed.
TARIFF.
protest against the favortsm of present tariff
laws which have virtually destroyed American shipping
aud which bear oppressyey upon the masses of the poo
pie, and especially upon the great agricultural States,
between whom aud our State the relations close
and intimate and upon whose prosperity and freedom
unjust exactoHs depend largely the welfare Of tho
whole country and It's ability TO defend its honor and
pay ITS debts L protest against postponing, has
been suggested by the President OF the United States the
revision of these laws. The evils connected with them
required.
present cost Of the Federal Government Is heavy; its
will be felt the severely that low prices
for our agricultural and other products are likely to pre-
vail The people submit cheerfully 10 all taxes neces
for the support Of the government and OF its credit
OF very heavy taxation shall be fairly and equally al.
justed and adjusted to interfere little possible
people at large that they shall be able to buy cheapy
whatever they have TO tuy Our present tariff of duties
compels the to high prices for the
benefit OF few. Although enacted during the great
not for the one great OF giving Federal Treasury
the largest ucome but with the view OF favorng certain
special private interests No has right to
tax except obtain its necessary To impose
taxes upon articles OF daily need for the mere
purpose, by Increasing their price, OF IA
YOrng the capitalists engaged In their
manufacture production is abuse OF the taxing
power 80 long laws enacted upon this principle
powerful combinations will be formed among those whose
special interests 10 be benehciay affected by them
to push through schemes which favor their private bus
regardless OF the interests alike OF the people and Of
the federal treasury.
OF tins nature tend TO the building Of moueyed
mOnopoes, to the aggregation OF capital IN few hands
and the creation and strengthening OF legtmate
influence TO which Congress becomes and more sub
ject In enforcing duties intended to be prombltOry
extraordinary and very costly body Of officials made
necessary, the temptation TO smuggling and fraud Is
creased, aud official delinquency made common evils