New-York tribune., 1870-11-02


dnction of this particular description Of pig on whether
there be considered the auanty made o ata se n% nf
The generally snsS"sasT sSn q The
the growth at place of its BIRTH Of ts ip
SS'h 1sS Du Of ssco lGSo "nS %"' Of anthracite Pcn win
hot blast and the use OF anthracNe peg'i;T une
1 real IRON IN ',S A%srca But this Rean Sv woud be quite
complete and unsatisfactory without an attempt 10 lo-
Ew SF@sy o s as though the record
quite imperfect, our forefathers having had qnnme
o grDe ~ SsmseiVSs much anxiety about general
statistics and whoever traces carefully The nnctuatng
fortunes of the predecessors o 'S me- soldier prIos Of
Valley Forge were not the only meh VhoSe laitlu'
picketduty in the cause of American ndsehuencG was
attended with immense personal sacrice ana heroic
Tbs Rad indian knew nothing Of iron extracted from
the ore but sometimes asoned weapons out VI ore as
from any other rock. The first known ironworks in
America were erected jamestown In virginia, IN
l65 or Gl9 but after Improbable existence OF 0ly
three years the furnace was demolished by the Indians
ana an tb%s fe That u at"ry enerpn We hear
no more of any very strong efforts toward the prodnc-
ton Of iron until IN 1914 forges wore estanshea a. ny nm
erately successful, maintained their footing, aud
iron and its manufactures have never since ceased TO
form an important proportion Of New England industry,
nor to foster inventive skill Joseph jerks having ns
early 1886 by changing the form OF the common scythc
from the old English form, short clumsy and ineiec-
tive into the tool familiar with, commenced the
development Of that wonderful aptitude for improving
the common utensils OF life which call Yankee genius,
and OF which the results now found wherever the
stcetrap has replaced the pital, the bow and arrow
retired before the rifle the compact and economical
castron stove driven out the cold porceain stove Of the
Germans, the warm but wastefu open coal fire Of the
EARLY MANUFACTURES IN SEw-EsGLASD.
The small ponds in Eastern Massachusetts, and OF
Rhode Island for more than century supplied an un
known DUmber OF furnaces and forges with bog ore,
which, by the aid Of charcoal from the then defe for
css was snelted into pigs forged into blooms, and
tip ma rou la1
successfully established in most Of the Colonies RON
Massachusetts 70 Carolina but no records worthy Of
product The ex9rts Of iron. beginning III 7l1 with three
we're geTe exported. In that year the British Par.
lament removed the import DUTY on pglroH
made in the Colonies, and on brought To LONDON,
but forbade the erection maintenance Of any mill for
rolling Sitting uphy or any plating forge the o0ect
s 9s ScS 70 Se be ISw u had pcco nCen TO
supply the demand ana at the same time prevent the
Colone. from producing f9s further ad,nfea @ tnn rue
portanee ~ manufacturing center in noey new law
ron and American eXportatoD rapidly increased though
in small way the total in 17ee being uns in l7 Ji2
s and IN iT7l, when reached its maximum 52S tuns.
The import tOns, meaniime, had been small quantities
of Russian aud swedish iron say from 100 to s tnns per
year Further than these scary records OF eXpots and
imports, tthere exists authentic Information OF the
condition OF the Colonies, whole prior 10 TIE ReySl
ton. With the outbreak of the war, exports naturally
sccd and thu demand for war noteral not oay tayed
existing mills utmost but caused rapid cEtens9n
OF the industry which suddc,,y checked, and many
Individuals ruined, ~ the large quantities OF fOreen
i-rp N ~ \ the C'gse OF the waT
OPENED ports, Eagiand hayi~e IN the mea- t,iiE
largely increased her fS.iiities for anufactuIe.
gYe industry remained extremely depressed uD'' the
pas sse the first IarM bill in II athe rates in whch
weIe raised in lIa2 ssan IN isi nd he aadn s,o 81
contained 1888 furnaees making tnns OF iron tfom
the lack of any csmpulsesy returns ~ manufacture 20
tne G"vE9eht ' pr Sseiaton ~ % an oo
through which, for mutua3 advantage ech lnformaoob
The @nauties of pigilon made in the
will give all The fig-es seich any gree OF corrc''
tta-E an hls A. u
In 1910 m,de.. acs tOrs In 1870 we ma 47 900 tune
In iS,5 v.,asGe Gas q ia5 -,iooo ians
IN IN i Ssi y, ns1e ,uHs d s we
made. 10000 tan. n 1850 We wat = 900 ians
until the fs.aEing ont Ilrbeon Tn yearly make
was JVO 60 gOOOOo tuDs varying slightly, ncreas
o. The make =. I si 900 ,"n. ,""
1875 The 5se sur liz LAB the make va. Ooo tun'
England 'Iirng these years, snA OF largely
creased her production lsllG made Soyo - ,s tahs =
In lao 90 zoe In 1882 %. 5 ocS ,ua.
And since then uctualnglF increase ro 10000
.uns in 1868, MD about 5,20O,00o 'uIi5 III 1862
THE GRADUAL oEvELor,assn OF IsDUsrr.
the SAX of following the history of the commercial
progress of manufacture of tron lc 1.-the con
sideration OF {Haduay observation-disclosures, smproye-
ments at the aroduoion of tho otst and aathracitc,
troinls}O TO a. We have that centuryv vas oc-
Ouped in mai ing the Ave great steps which brought the
netaurgy of rnn from the comparatively pril ave state
in which Darby found it, the thrcslbl of its develop
Inent In Amer na,nap,ely the Ot mineral coal Of
the steanenene pudng and rolling hot BLAST and thee
The improvements aimee hav ssbeen marked IN their
pgmcta WI rl has given the trade any single great
iInpeus and If the several, orIess famouA which
seuisteel and of Homogeneous ireD aud their various
compounds shades of difeIsnce have not time to-
speak-nOthi1g less than full afternoon could 10 them
In order to appreciate what aas heea done since is4o
IL !
process Tho charged with It's accompanying
fuel INTO open nnehe;d Of furnaces OF about IL,
feet bosh and ABOUT IS feet high conbuo of the fuel
and reduecn OF the tected BY means of ba
of say 500 degrees ut pressurs OF about three POUNDS
part only Of tho waste At all utilized by
being taken from some distance below the top OF the
derangng the proper working OF the turnaee while tho
portion thus taken o but little use by reasoD
its insufficient mixture with atmospheric ar an1 snoe
quent only partial combustion; the result was consum
per tun of iron produced. aud the quality of
the metal made decidedly variable aud the prcdno
puddied entirely ny hand TO MAKE "rOughtrun, AMI
having bsen rolled in the United States unt 1S43. StcA
only made by the old fashioned Processes, elLhf
sow sH1 al sTsa' oSst & G IL more M ., biw,n
the only three forms of rln then recognized cast fSG
wrought iron. and STEEL we're strongly pronounced and
1t would be unfair not 70 mention the first oi the
production Of iron with this fuel will ultimately quite
surpsss ia quantity that made With anthracite David
inrcd is said TO have been the first to employ IT, un
cooked in ls45, being dyen by strike OF his Tprknen
either attempt DlOW ont Ills
the raw coal and with complete success, thereby open
ing the door 10 the manufacture ia 1869 OF 55OO tuls OF
iron made with bituunOus coal.
Since iS40 the blast has been gradually rade hotter
aud hotter the cf economically aud regularly
giving the temperature Of 1000 or more degrees
naturally acted IIch attention, resulting III tho
patenting OF varcs stoves OF which Players ana Cow
Der' plans may lo considered leading natiOds OF az
complaining this end-Players operating BY burning tho
gas from the furnace in separate combrstoh chanpsr
below the pipes through which the cold air passes 10 10
heated and allowing only the heat TO come in contact
with these pipes instead of permitting combustion 10
take place the noOsng the pipes as was the old