The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-19
Those ''Detestable" Treaties Under
.a Which Napoleon Ill. is Chatting.
They Separate France from tho Rhine, the
Eastern Frontier Of the First Empire.
Past Facts for Present
-,- Consideration.
WILL HISTORY REPEAT ITSELF

8Ve0tS
tho world that Napoleon LII. has been spelling for
pxhs with Prussia. and that he has been determined
% let no prctext pass for embr0illng Europe in q
war trusting to good luck for 1t to result In terri
torlal ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. Eleven years ago he joined
his arms with those OF Italy against Austria, and we
well know that Savoy and Nice were received by
him In payment for his services. And four years
, ago Luxembourg formed a bone OF contention
which nearly led to rupture between Prussia and
France and to an opportunity for the French En-
peror to extend his sway to the left bank OF the
Rhine which every Frenchman considers TO be the
legitimate eastern boundary Of his country. The
nrst empire extended thather, and the present ruler
seems intent upon carrying the frontier Of the
Ond there ALSO But one serious obstacle to this
desire the spulatons contained In the treaties
decided upon In the Congress Of Vienna and IN the
definite treaty OF Paris OF 1916, which nave not In
aptly been termed "The title deeds OF Europe.n That
Napoleon chafes under these treaties there can be
NO doubt; for few years ago. In tie remarkable
speech he made at Auxerre, he 30 far neglected to
sustain his character for taciturnity as to desig
nate them as "detestablen These noted diplomatic
documents were then supposed to settle the balanee
OF powern in Europe but the revolutionary events OF
1880 and 1S4s ana the Italian and German wars have
since caused them to become little better than waste
paper. an
And now Napoleon has exhibited desire TO WELD
France by the allied Powers, ana so under the plea
OF the necessity OF sustaining the balance OF power,
determined TO prevent q Prussian prince from OBJ.
tanning Spanish crown. 1t is difficult however to
believe otherwise than that jealousy Of Prussia and
the acquisition Of the Rhenish border were his
heading Incentives and his action in the matter has
more closely resembed the doings Of his great
uncle than any other event Of his life. The readi
ness With which he has taken unlbrage in matters
that being amicab!y settled some other pretext
would have been found for crossing swords with the
great German Power. .r4It
In view then, OF the present attitude OF affairs and
Of the events that may ensue, the newspaper reader
and the student OF history VIII be interested in
account Of the great treaties which lea TO the terri
$Oral settlement of Europe and which, more or less,
Tor above half century have regulated the political
action OF European nations. We therefore give in
these columns In the form Of connected narrative
the closing events Of the great Napoleonic war; the
negotiations for peace and the results embodied
In these treaties.
NAPoLEONs FIRST OVERTHROW.
1t was not until the hero OF Austeriitz and Jena
and hundred other fights had Sheathed his sword
that the pen OF the dpIOInatst fairly called into
play. II was then supposedly was, however but
delusive snppositiOn-that the war had completely
closed. The allied armies had not only driven their
forced their way to MS capital, and had entered
Paris, March 81 1914. The Emperor OF Russia on
the next day issued declaration, in which he Affirm
. ed that the allied sovereigns would no more treat
with Napoleon Bonaparte nor with any Of his family;
shat they respected the integrity Of ancient France,
as 1t existed under its legitimate kings and w0Ild
perhaps do more for It, and that they would recog-
MIC and guarantee the constitution which France
should adopt.
On that day, April /, the members OF the Senate
assembled in consequence Of an extraordinary con-
vocation, the Prince Of Benevento Talleyrand)
being President At the invitation Of the allies
they passed decree establishing provisional
government Of five, who were then nominated
Talleyrand's name standing first and were charged
ITO provide for the wants OF the administration and
10 present to the Senate the plan OF constitution
which may suit the French peopie.n on the next
day the Senate passed another decree, which, after
. preamble asserting 'that in constitutional
monarchy the monarch exists only in virtue OF the
constitution or social compact, proceeded to show
In a number Of articles, In what manner Napoleon
had violated his compact with the French people;
and. as the consequence declared that he had 'for
1eited the throne and the hereditary right cstab-
Ashed In hls family is abolished" and that the
French people and the army we're absoved from
their oath Of fidelity towards him. similar resolu-
fOn was, on the same day. adopted by the legisla-
tive body. 7s1l8 pai
Napoieon-who had allowed the Allies to give him
the slip, and was with his army to the south Of
Paris-on learning what had passed in the
capital, retired to Fontainebleau, where, on
April 4. he sent Marhals Ney and Macdonald
and General Caulancourt to carry to the Senate his
proposal OF submitting to the decision or that body
and the French people, and or abdicang in favor OF
his son and the regency Of the Empress. Such an
abdication had been suggested by the Emperor Of
Russia, early on the morning Of the lst to Caulan-
court, who had been sent by Napoleon az emissary
TO the allies; but the march Of events had so pro-
crossed by the time OF its arrival Paris that was
TeJected-the proposition of q regency being then in
admissible. The plenipOrentiaries at once returned
TO the Emperor, and after some difficulty obtained
from him an unconditional abdlcaton, expressed in
the following terms:-
ALLEGATION OF NAPOLEON.
THE allied Powers having proclaimed that the
Emperor Napoleon was The only obstacle TO the re.
establishment OF the peace OF Europe the Emperor
Napoleon, faithful TO his OATH declares that he re-
nounces, for himself ana heirs the thrones OF
France and italy; ana that there is no personal
sacrifice, that OF life which he is not ready TO
make TO the interests OF France.o
Such the close-t was, however bat
time-ot career OF unsuitable am.
bition which had for SO many years in
vowed Europe IN blood, and shaken It's FIRM
est thrones. He had refused conditions OF peace
which would have left him potent though dimn-
ished sovereign. He was now to sink into the ruler
OF petty principally and the possessor Of private
fortune.
TREATY BETWEEN THE ALLIED POWERS AND EAPo.
LEON.
Marshal Marmont having been invited 10 pas, with
his corps, under tue new government acceded on
condition that the Emperors life ana safety should
be guaranteed and that lie slcnid be sent 10 a cou,-
Try chosen by the allied Powers and the French gov
eminent. These terms were agreed TO- and .he En-. \
pcror of Russia proposed 10 Napoleon, IN the name
~ the allies that he should choose place OF retreat
Cor himself and his family, his choice fell upon
The Islann Of Eliza ON The cnast OF Tug.