The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1870-04-03

the proportion of nearly two to one. In
Rhooe Island and Connecticut, accord
ing to the .registries kept, the yearly
generally exceeded the yearly births.;]
There Is no method of reaching
similar results In the South, except
through the reports of the health Off
GERS of the different cities, but these
show startling amount of mortality in
the race, and invite question rs to its
ultimate condition. My own impress
from the present time, all the colder
regions of the South, from Virginia to
Georgia, will be mainly populated by
sturdy white cmigrants, before whose
competing toll the negro will be
obliged to give way, and that he will
seek the lowlands as his final abiding
place. These are but speculati0ns, vet
the fate of the red man is to II very
considerable degree typical of the law
of nature which has applied to- the
negro in every State in which lie has
been compelled to work for his subsis-
tencc, side by side with the white.
The South, however, requires all her
laboring population, and as n people,
we deplore any eXigency which threat
ems to deprive us of so essential an aid
to our prosperity. Hence it is that our
libcral-mindcd men, foresceing these
results, are prepared by wise and hu-
name regulations for their cnlighten-
ment and moral and social improve
ment, to make the colored people vnlua-
bic in our agricultural developments,
and thus retain them as nm element of
practical strength and usefulness.
IaInIICRATIoN-ITs IMPoRTA NcE TO TIE
SOUTH.
q. The views you have expressed
lead naturally to the inquiry whether
the people of the South fully appreciate
the importance of an infusion of more
energetic help, of white emigration
from Europe and the North, and what
inducements are offered to citizens of
other portions of the world to settle in
your midst?
a. The inquiry opens n broad field
and comprehcnds much. In general
terms, I answer that, viewing the ques-
bearing, emigration is all absolute South
ern necessity. Our losses during the
war amounted to the enormous sum of
81 ,0O0,0 900, 900. We have left to us. bow
over, an immense area of land, Il pro-
ductive soil, and II genial climate. Our
rccourccs arc incalculable, but VIC need
population and capital to develop them.
We arc satisfied with our present labor.
1t is insufficient and to some extent un
trustworthy. To illustrate: The popu-
iation Of South Carolina is in round
numbers say 100000, nearly equally
divided between white and black. This
| would give us but twcnty-threc persons
to the square mile, yet the territory of
the State, under thrifty cultivation,
may be made to sustain 1000, 900 of per-
sons with ease. To obtain this popula-
ton we must tap the reservoirs of the
world, and to all who come we will OK
tend q cordial welcome. immigration
will induce competition, and in compc-
titi0n is our safety. There is no other
coercion that can be applied to idle men.
They must either work or starve.
Doubtless we have to encounter much
opposition from the West in our en-
dcavor to divert the tide of emigration,
but we have more to offer in tho shape
of reward than any Western State. Our
products are nearer the great markets
of the world, our soil is far moro fertile,
and the emigrantwill come to State al
ready settled and possessing the advan-
tages Of age if not of progress. The
same causes which have developed
Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa may
be applied with equal, if not greater,
success in South Carolina. We only
require multitude of farmers to raise
the product for which we have hereto
fore paid the North and West, and in
my Judgment the owners of large tracts
of valuable plantation lands will be
glad to dispose of their surplus possess
sions, rather than attempt the cultiva-
ton of crops on the gigantic scale which
belonged to our former system of labor.
Experiment has demonstrated, both
here and abroad, the value Of small
farms and diversified industry. We
have about 4, 5000 acres of land under
cultivation, only One-fOurth of the area
of the State. This would throw into
market 45,500 farms of 100 acres each.
70 illustrate by comparison, New Jer-
sey and South Carolina are very nearly
equal in population. The value of the
products of the first named State in
1850 was S60,900,00; Of South Carolina
during the same year only $40, $780, 900.
True, the capital Of one is largely de-
voted to manufacturing purposes; the
capital of the other is employed chiefly
in agriculture but you will readily see
that if all the facilities ut our command,
our vast water power and manufactur-
ing resources, were developed to the
same extent as in New Jersey, we would
realize a truly golden dream of pros