Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1870-05-25
WHOLE NUMBER I2l.

WHOLE NUMBER I2l.
gentle melton is communicated to the
stomach, by which the food is more
Thoroughly mixed together and prepared
for digestion and by the pressure Of which
also the food when properly prepared, is
pushed on into the intestimes.
The third, or cuticular skin like coat
covers but a portion Of the inside of the
stomach. It is a continuation Of The IL
ming Of the gullet. There are numerous
glands in it, which pour out mucus
fluid, and il is, probably intended to lie
a reservoir, i'm which portion Of the
food is retained for awhile, and suftened
and better prepared for the action Of the
other or true digestive portion of the
stomach, The cuticular coat occupies
nearly one-halfof the inside of the stom-
ach.
The forth coat is the mucus or vii
loUs trclrct Ekc) when the work of d.
gestiOn properly commences. The
mouths Of numerous little vessels open
upon it pouring out peculiar fluid, the
gastric Stomach juice, which mixes
the food alread sOftened, and converts
itlinto a fluid called chyns. AS this is
formed, it passes out Of the other orifice
Of the stomach, the pyloric, a door to
guard, and enters the first small intes-
tine, the harder and undissolved parts
being turned back to undergo further
action.
The stomach of the horse being small,
this wonderful change effected in the
food, proceeds very rapidly. The horse
in a short time will eat a great deaf
more than the stomach will hold, and
room can only be made for the reccp-
ton of the fresh food by that which had
been previously received being dischar-
ged throug the pyloric oriice.
Among the diseases arising from over
distentiOnlwe may mention inflammation
of the stomach (gastritis) stomach stag
gers, sour stomach &C., which will be
considered in their turn.
The food having been partially diges-
ted i'm the stomach, and converted into
chyme, passes through the pyloric ORR
flee into the intestines. The intestines
of full grown horse are not ninety feet
in length. The length of the intestiHes
i'm different animals, depends on the ma
ture of food. The nutritfve matter is
with much more difficulty extracted
from vegetable than animal substanGe;
therefore the alimentary canal is large,
long and complicated in those which like
the horse are fed on vegetables alone.
They are divided into the small and
large intestines, the former of which oc-
cupy about sixty six feet and the latter
about twenty four. ua
The intestines, like the stomach, are
composed fthree coats. The outer one
consists of the peritoneum, that mem
brane which we have already described
as covering the contents Of the belly.
By means Of this coat the bowels are
confined in their proper situations and
this membrane being smooth and moist
all friction and conclusion are avoided
Did the bowels float loosely in the bel
ly, they would be subject to constant
entanglement and injury amid the rapid
and violent motion Of the horse.
This membrane lining the abdominal
cavity, of which we have just spoken,
Dthe peritoneumI fills the same office in
the abdominal cavity, that the pIeura
membrane does in the thoracic cavity. /
This the readily see 10y comparing our
description Of the two together.
The middle coat, like that ofthe stom- |
ach, is'muscular, and composed cf two
layers Of fibers, one running longitude |
naIly and the other ciroulariy; and bv
means Of these muscles, which are con
tinualIy contracting and relapsing, from
the upper part downward, the food is
forced along the bowels. The inner coat
is mucous or villous mucous because it
with small glands, which pour
out mucous fluid to lubricate the passage
defend it from irritating or acrimonious
and villous from its soft vel
vet feel.
This coat is crowded with innumera-
bic little mouths, which are the conn.,
Of minute vessels, by which I,
-he nutritive part of the food is taken up;
and these vessels, uniting and passing
over the mesenteFy, carry this nutritive
natter to a receptacle for it, whence it
S conveyed into the eiFuluatiOny and !
to every part
The intestines are more particularly
etained in their places by the nlrsentery Y
middle of the intestines) which is !
loubling Of the peritoneUm, including the /
Intestine i'm its bottom, and likewise in J
losing between its folds the artepies and {
-eins, and nerves, and the vessels
which convey the nutriment from the
he intestines to the circulation The I
lesentery has Somewhat the appear I
nee Of an expanded fan, aud all these 4
essels ramifying between it, tr8Hspar- {
mt folds, give Il a beautiful appearance, G
nus il will be seen from our description
f these two serOus membranes, the .
lura and the pritoneum, tho first linlug r
ne chest or thoraOie cavity, aud afford IN
covering for the lungs, also assisting
! conining this organ in its proper
lace by the folding, or the doubling Of
lis membrane, called mcdiastinano,
lc second, lining tie belly or abdomin-
cavity, perform nearly the same func- mi
2n or office in their respective cavi- ed
PSI .. VI
The peritoncum membrane like that
the plur1 membrane is subject To in
.mmation. ...-. tic
This disease is called peritonitis; the cot
uses and symptoms are about The als
me as those inflammation of the mu- ~, n.
us coat of the bowels tintiritis) infam- an,
alton of the external coats at the dr.,
,mach and bowels, whether the peril 'ha
NAL or muscular, or both is very Cru- & ~,
ent and fatal disease. II speedily I
MS il course, aud u is of great conse- cgl
cnce that its early symptoms should Cot
known. lf the horse has been uarr- 49,,
ly observed, restlessueSS aud fever ,