New-York tribune., 1870-11-17
permitting open dictation by Russia lie urpermost.
Four days ago. Gortschakof's circular was unknown
at the American Legation in ST. Petersburg.
Earl Graarille TO Sir A. buchanan
" FoREf0N OFFICE, n

Mt the American Legation in ST. Petersburg
Earl GraariIe to Sir A. buchanan.
"FoREr1N OFFICE, November 70, 1870
sSIR: Baron Brunnow made to me yesterday the
communication respecting the Convention between
the Emperor Of Russia and tie Sultan limiting their
naval forces in the Black Sea- signed at Paris the
30th of March, 1856, to which you alude in your tele
gram of yesterday afternoon. In my dispatch of
yesterday give you an account Of what passed be-
tween us, and now propose to observe upon Prince
Gortschako's dispatches Of the 10Th and2oh nltmo,
communicated to me by the Russia ETnbassador
"On that occasion, Prince Gorischakof declares,
on the part Of Ills Imperial Majesty, that the treaty
Of 1856 has been infrnged in various respects TO the
prejudice Of Russia, and more especially in the case
Of the Pfincpalites against the explicit protest OF
his representatives, and that in consequence Of these
infraetions Russia is entitled to renounce those
stpulations of the treaty which directly touch her
interests. II is then announced that she VIII no
longer be bound by the treaties which restrict her
rights of sovereignty in the Black sea.
1--WE have here an allegation that certain facts
have occurred which in the judrment of Russia are
at variance with certain stipulatons of the treaty;
and the assumption is made that Russia, upon the
strength Of her own judgment to the character OF
those facts is entitled 10 release herself from certain
other stipulations Of that instrument This assump
ton is limited in its practical application to some of
the provisions OF the treaty But the assumption of
right TO renounce any Of its terms involves the
assumption of a right to renOunce the whole.
"This statement is wholly independent of the
reasOnableness OF urTeaSOnableness, on It's own
merits of the desire of Russia TO be released from
the observation Of the stipuatons of the treaty of
1856 respecting the Black Sea. For the question is,
in whose hand lies the power of releasing one or
of the parties from all any of these stpnla
1 =
belongs only to the Governments who have been
parties TO the original instrument The dispatches
Of Prince Gortschakof appear to assume that any
one of the Powers v no have signed the engagement
may allege that occurrences have taken place which
in its opinion are at variance with the provisions Of
the treaty and although this view is not shared or
admitted by the Cosimatory Powers may found
upon that allegatiOn-nOt request to those Govern
ments for the consideration of the case-but an an
nouncement to them that il las emancpated itself,
or holds itself emancipated from any stpulations Of
the treaty which it thinks fit to disapproye.
"Yet il is quite evident that tie effect Of suoh doc
tinc and of any proceeding which with OF without
avowal ia founded upon it, is to bring the entire au-
tbority ard efficacy of treaties under the discretion
ary control cf each of the Powers who may have
signed them the result Of which would be the entire
destruction Of treaties in their For where
as their whole object is to bind Powers TO
other and for this purpose each Of the parties
suITendeTs portion of its free agency, by the doc
| tTine and proceeding now i'll question one OF the
parties in ts separate and individual capacity brings
back the entire subject into its control and re-
mains bound only TO itself
Accordingly. Prince Gortschakof has announced
in those dispatches the intention of Russia to con-
tipue TO observe certain of the provisions Of the
treaty However satisfactory this may be in itself,
30 Inf hat
Power which it might at any time alter or with
draw and in this it is open 10 the objections
as the other portions Of the communications,
heeasse ID iInpos the night of assis 20 annul the
treaty on the ground OF allegations ofwhich she
constitutes herself the only judge
1.-THE question therefore arises, not whether any
desire expressed by Russia ought to be carefully
amined in a friendly spirit by the Co-sigDatory
Powers hut whether they to accept from her the
announcement that by her own act, without any
consent from them, she has released herself from
solemn covenant
Il need sea- caly say that Her Majesty's Govern
ment have received this communication with deep
regret, because il crens discussion which might
unsettle the cordial understanding it has been their
earnest endeavor 70 D.2;ntain with the Russian
Empire And for the abOv c-mentioned reasons II IL
impossible for Her Majestys Government to give any
eanc.iOn theig part to the course announced by
Prince Gortschakofi. IT, instead of such declara-
ton The Russian Government had addressed Her Maj
esys Government and the other Powers who are par
ties to hc treaty Of 1856 and had proposed
alton witt them whether ythng has occurred which
could be held amount to ufractOn of the treaty.
or whether there is anything in the terms which, from
altered circumstances presses with undue severity
upon Russia OF which, in the course of events, had
become necessary for the due protection Of Turkey
| Her Maiesty's Government would not have refused
| 10 examine the question IN concert with the CO.
signataIies 10 the treaty. Whatever might have
/ been the result of such communications, risk Of
future complications and avery dangerous precedent
rs 10 the validity If international obligations would
! have boen avoided. am, etc, Granville.
"P. S--You will read and give copy OF this dis
! patch TO Prince Gortschakoff. G."
| PUBLIC SENTIMENT ON THE CONTINENT.
! EXCITEMENT IN AUSTRIA AND ITALY-PANIC IN
MONEY CIECLES-TONB OF THE PRESS.
! LONDON. Wednesday, Nov. Is. 1870.
The Independence Beige of Brussels has telegram
! from Vienna dated last evening, announcing that
England, Turkey, Austria, and Italy had agreed to
preserve a common attitude toward Russia. col
lectiye note to that effect is preparing at Vienna.
The threatening attitude of Russia panic In
/ money circles in that city.
The Tmos also las special telegram, this morn
ipg. from Vienna, confirming the accounts already
received of the excitement in that city growing out