New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1870-03-17


and one with the Department at Washington
They are all sworn to be correct copies. and
have doubtless been compared. One OF these
returns affords the basis for the following
deductions, which have been limited to the
FIRST Ward of this City, or the portion south
of Liberty-st.
Every one in the least degree familiar with
the growth of the City OF New ork must
have observed that for many years, business
has been steadily crowding out population and
replacing dwellings with stores and ware
houses Yet the population. as returned alter
nately by the State and the Federal census
has shown an irregularity that cannot have
been due to the actual condition of the pOpu-
lation and that can only be explained by the
fact that the former is paid for by The day. and
the latter by the head. 1t was as follows;
$50 1850. fsde3al " 1914 1860 fsdera
lsGJ. .(Stdte)....-- s.o52
In 1860. the ISt Ward was subdiyided into
two enumeration districts, one returned by
Edward Hogan, and the other by Peter Me-
Common. Not single manufacturing or indus
trial establishment Of any kind is reported as
existing in the Ward. The number of deaths
reported was 1856. or 1 to 133 of the living or
about GA per cent. As the usual rate OF
mortality in European countries has been OBJ
served TO range from about l III p to l In %
in rare instances sometimes going a little
above or below these rates., it follows rs a
conclusion, if the census be taken rs correct
that the Ist Ward of Ncw-York must be er-
ceedingIU SdlubriOuS--a condition that can only
be explained by supposing the domestic ar
engagements and sanitary regulations TO he oil
the most complete and satisfactory description,
There was but 1 blind person, deaf and
dumb, I paupcr in the Ward. OF the total
population, % were colored. and Indian.
There were 1907 children attending school
and 200 persons over 20 years OF age were uh-
able to read and write, of whom Sc were men,
and 134 women.
of the total population reported PA were
residing on canal boats. of whom 43 were fe-
males and 81 were children. The number liv-
ing on board ships was 133; and the number
returned as Hring in Castle Gdrden was l,56O.
The latter were chiefly cmiGrants, an trdnSitn
for Western homes, and were enumerated from
July 3 to July 10; but whether with reference
to those happening to be there on the ist of
June, or whether those who passed through
during the period of the enumeration, does not
appear. Ii is very remarkable that among the
numbers returned from canal-boa ships. and
the Emigrant Depot. there was not single
person of % years and upward whO could not
read and rrite.
A little cOmmOn-scnse reflection would show
the improperly of returning the names of per-
sons employed on canal boats, elsewhere than
at the places along the lines of our canals
,.I and yIa an
investigation would doubtless show that they
were actually enumerated. The census of boats
and vessels was taken on the last three days OF
June Could it have been with reference to the
1st of June, as the law requires all census ques-
tons to apply?
The number of churches in the First Ward
was two, with an accommodation for 1,45O per-
sons. and a total value of church property
amounting to 1851 900. There were four schools,
with Al teachers and 1924 scholars, and the
amount raised by taxation for school purposes
WAS SlS.6O5; while their receipts from public
funds was 1851. There were four newspapers
published in the ward, each with daily and
semi weekly or weekly issue.
The average monthly wages to a farm-h hand
with board was at that period Sl5; of day
laborer with board, 81 of day laborer,
without board, 49, of carpenter, without
board, So; of female domestic per week
with board, 81; and of board for a laboring
man per week, $751;. The Census act of 1850
requires every person to give to the Assistant
Marshals true statement of the value of his
estate; and the schedules of the census of 1860
provided separate columns for Real Estate
and Personal Property. The total sum of
these columns is supposed TO represent the
aggregate wealth of the country i'll the hands
of individuals, and would if added to the
property of corporations, and of the general
and local governments, exhibit the total wealth
of the country. The census is returned under
oath, as truly and correctly made under the
law and instructions, and these afford no
grounds of exemption az to the property OF
individuals. Yet the total amount of Real
Estate and Personal Property owned in the
LIST Ward of the City of NcwYork Gncluding
Wall-st. and all its surroundings only amounts
according to the official census of 1860, to
$4,000! The number of owners of Real
Estate was &C, and owners OF personal prop
crty 81; the remainder of the 1918 being
destitute Of either, and yet there Was but one
pauper among them
OF owners of Real Estate, were reported rs
worth $4,000 each 1 worth $4,000; worth
s2l .0O0 worth $4,000; 1 worth $4,000; 8
worth $4,000, and the remainder less sums.
down to 5000. OF personal property, one was
troubled with 10000; one with $1,000; one
with 10000 three with $1,000; one with $1,000;
six with $1,000; four with $1,000; seven with
$4,000; twenty -onc with $1,000; one with $500
thirty with 5000; and the remainder with
suaIlcr sums dowu TO sl0e-thc latter beng