davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
FROM ILLlNOTS

CHicAGo' Ill, July sth, IS7o
To &c FdEor o. the wourwe.,,.
Ia listening to the Iectnrc i !,
Irevellick in Farwcll Hall, on we5,'.
day evening, June 10th, | vas nn.t
pleased with its moral tone and ,it
the noble stand he takes upon ,be l,l,.
question, a. irrespective Of sex.
| am glad to see that the mos, ,.,
ed and influential men Of M VII.
party are wise enough to perceive AN
justice IS not a one sided thing Il,
justice to labor means iiustice \ Y.
working women as well as the wo,L;; ~
man. r
As speaker, Mr.. Trevellick rlo5..
and powerful. We should say NM \.
has a large soul and a clear mind IN
well developed, healthy body anj n
man can be truly great without sucb
body.
/ cannot help feeling that Mr.. Trp,d
lick il one Of the diyinely apDoir,.I
and Amounted men in tie great noEs
cal, social and moral reform that I N,
going on, and as suchh he has my heart,
sympathy and God-speed.
Mr.. Trcvcllick ST Eested that vo,L
ing women should De invited a A.
meetings of the lal league, to takp,
part in its discussions, and accorlnor
such an invitation was given, and hen
let me assure the President and mem
bears of the league, that nothing br
the threatening of a violent rain Storm
prevented myself and Others from BEN,
present. Hereafter We shall avail Wr
selves Of this invitation whenever an
opportunity offers.
l was highly grati6ed with d.
ground that Mr. Trcvellick took upoi
the Coolie question, because il was CUE
Of justice to the Cinnamon as well A \
every other laborcr Of whatever race
color or sex.
We have much more to say upc
these topics.
Mrs. X. 0. G. WILan
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
Usage Mission, NEosno County.

Usage Mission, NEosno County.
July 10th, 1870 I
To the Elitor Of the woKKrNGNAS's ADVOCATE.
Your paper is becoming more and
more necessary every day, and after
many pleas in its behalf, / begin to See
it appreciated. We had 4 grand rally
at Ladorc on the 18th and 18th. We
are growing stronger by opposition, all
that is needed is organization, and the
people arc going about it. The neutral
land, the cedcd land, the trust land and
the diminished reserve are all equally
affected by this beautiful scheme of
favoritism, otherwise patronage. Our
rights must be maintained, and in their
maintenance woe be to the party who
opposes, for upon them must rest the
hitherto unacknowlcdged responsibility,
a responsibility that many ot the would
be representatives will shrk. After
years Of residence in the West and
Northwest, | do not hesitate 10 say
that " those public spirited gentlemen
have not developed or improved this
country as much AZ would have been
done by simpler and more honorable
ways. On the contrary | Call u wit
ness the condition Of the lands grant
ca, or proiessed 10 have been granted
TO their corporations. Millions Of acres
remain unbrokcn ~ the pIoN, but III
the hands of (would be) teudal lords
And who shall say that tie landed
policy of Republicanism or Democracy
has not been violated? Who shall say
when these "public spirited gentlemen"
have enough Of the God given soil Of
the Republic, to satisfy them for the
building Of turnpikcs ana toll gates in
their own interests Who are these
creatures Of corrupt legislation? These
money changers in the Temple Of
Liberty? These miserable imitatOrs Of
Judas IscariOt, Benedict Arnold and
the men who ratified the dice 10 the
sound Of the cannon in the South? Men
who i'll Wall stree, waited Geographic
reports from the battle fields, and gam
bled upon the blood Of honorable men;
corrupt legislators, cotton thieves,
swindling contractors and quartermas-
tcrs, who became familiar with the
wires and ropes during the war; and
who will not relinquish their lllgotten
Influences and power until Rerolsaion
hall have renovated the whole body
svlitic. We of this land will hail, if not
paSten, the day when every considera-
ton SO tntamous,y obtained shall b.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
Wants q Strait Jacket.

A demented scribbler, who has
charge of the somewhat pretentious col
umns of the Interior, a paperSwhich as
pires to be recognized as the National
organ Of the Presbyterian denomina-
ton, makes use Of the following bias
phemonsi and nonsensical expressions,
while defending the importation OF a
brutalized, pagan race, for the purpose
Of taking the bread from the mouths Of
American citizens:
'These times are among the ordinations OF
God, who il over all blessed forever, and who
10, in ways beyond 0ur poor conceits, carving
out bis great and beneHcent plan OF world his
tory--the gathering together Of all men under
one great Head, Jesus Christ. The becoming
attitude of the Christian is t:Iat of admiration.
We should discern the eigns Of the times, and
work diligent in sympathy with, and not against
the providence of God"
Is there any wonder, we ask, that
the pulpit and so-called religious press
are held in derision by the great mass
of our working men?
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
PROM OHIO.

LAWR. NEE, July :, Ie'"
r. TIC Fditor W I've WcKETScrAs's ApVacifs
With your permission We, The und'
signed, deem ii our duty 10 inform w
Of our position in this part. A a''8
we have been badly threatened by n
nopoly. III 4 workingman should fliT
his voice among US, al a public mc,u'
or elsewhere, III defence OF laDor "
scoilcd and scorncd at BY our p'.'
press, fired al by our peace maScF''o
charged ny our operators any
ally condemned by public opn.
But " late things have changed u
coal regions ~ this free naIlOD'
B.P. smith. Of New Castle, La'l,p
county. Pa., ha, visited NJ AMI III, NJ.
cccdcd wonderfully in abollsIlls ~ -.
pcrnlcions habits, and placed ot% \.
MS n method of doing away WIN I,.o
ana luck-outs altogether, AMI Mi, ro5
capital and labor in position u . ',
i'll harmony with each other y, NM M NV
interest and The interest OF 'ilIS
manwcalth. Mr. smith has sIlc & Nj.
in planting The standard Oh o ln'' T5gr.
lccIina IN the State II Ohio. NJ i .fFy
dav last he gained the symp1'nyy inIr.
FLOW citizens NJ III branches II :u Nv
try throughout this part Tn n,,,,risi
voice was heard. lie mn MI III WV
seven counties already in thls P' e, 81
others arc making PreParatllo'ui, w
visit among them. If Mr. omlrn br
tinucs Ills progress he VII s III orgr
those hose western States thoroughly o os
lied and amalgamated ln'o Nh
ful body. n, This 90
misrcprcscntcd by some q L.v M bi
AMI citv newspapers, and hn ,.ni5re y
t d"' T MA If hearing hm lfc .o,,l
several sey mass mectiugs,at which ,.i ss ~
oncrators attended, VIZ can ill., h
his addresses were charac. .'n;nes n
common sense IDEAS q haPf
capital and labor - onposei y
Mr.. Smith is strongly Nh iEarors ip
strikes and lock-outs, ana l ';on Oiir
cultivation en- Of a closer conn {, oa,mplslel
tercst between employer all ,h and bcE,
We remain yours il trG : 'nln % al
csty. Signed Oh behalf I, T . Ua
others. :, 4; II McDoNAp
". T. COOtEH
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16

AT arecent meeting Of young artizans,
held at227 Bowey, New York, an asso-
citation was formed, to be caEed /" the
Jnnior Order Of Americas Mechanics"
THE BrookIyn Coopen, No. 3, have
fesOlSed themselves inae a secret organ
iZation.
A COMMITTEE has been appointed by
the Brooklyn Plasterers, to wait on the
authorities Of that city, to ascertain the
reason why the hour law is not en-
forced. We hope they will follow it
up.
A. T. STEwART AS A PHILANTHRo-
P1sr.-We find the following in recent
issue of the New York Sun:-
SIR: and many other white slaves
in the employ of A. T. Stewart q Co.
would feel obliged to you for publish
ing the following:
During the late hot weather A. T.
Stewart & Co. have thought it would
lessen their expenses, and at the same
time benefit the health of their employ
ees, to give them water to drink with
out ice. On the ground floor there are
water coolers. From the one on Ninth
street the clerks may drink until they
sicken themselves. There is no ice in
it. The other one, on Tenth street,
near Tuller's desk, is iced; but boy is
put on guard, holding the goblet i'm one
hand and the tab in the other, to meas
ure out the water as if it were wine.
At the same time this boy has orders if
any clerk comes to drink the cool water
to prevent him.
Now, Mr.. Editor, does not that look
very like what we have heard of the
Southern people treating their black
slaves. The white slaves believe it il
worse; for in this case they won't let
us 60 out to get cool drink. In fact
the rule is, if we don't drink hot water
we can't drink any. CHARITY.
Nh. Stephen Burrows, Secretary of
the Bricklayers National Uunion, or
ganized German branch in New York
city, on Thursday evening last
IT is proposed to call an extra session
of the Cigar Makers International
Union, to consider matters of especial
importance to the craft, the coolie
question among the rest.
The most venal Congress which ever
assembled in our Legislative halls, dis
persed on the 10th inst, after passing
the Funding Bill, whose iniquities have
been exposed in our columns. We
hope the father Of lies will pay them
compound interest for the services they
have rendered him.
WE shall commence in our next, q
series of interesting sketches from the
coal regions Of Pennsylvania 1t is in
tended to use them as a medium TO
picture to the public the miners true
position.
We e requested to state that Muir.
physboro, ILL.,, is ovcr-crowded with
miners.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
To An Whom Il Nav Concern.
OFFICE OF THE NATIoNAL LABOR UEIoN.
DETROIT, Mich, June 1870.

DKTROIT, Mich, June 1870. J
Al tho Philadelphia session Of the Matt lal
Labor Union, II was decided that the next Fs-
sion should DO held IN Cincinnati, Ohio.
Que notice is Hereby given, that the fodrth
annual session Of the National Labor Union
will be held in the city Of Cincinnati, State Of
Ohio, on the third Monday, being the 18th lay
Of August 1870, at 10 O'Clock in the loren N.
All Trades Unions, al Cooperative AssCFia.
lions, III I.AbOr Organizations Of every nd
will be entitled to reprcscntati =
for we believe, that all departments Of in us
cry should have a common cause and interest
in all our efforts to elevate and improve the
condition Of the tOiliug masses. We, therefore,
invite to our ranks, al who by physical or in
tccctual labor, contribute to the substantial
wealth Of the nation, be they male or female,
white or black, for this is a struggle foT liberty
and justice. We have waited patiently for
promised reforms, but waited in vain; NC,
therefore, have no hope in all party polite rs.
We must think and act for ourselves, and 1t a
stop to this thicving process of Wholesale
grants Of our public lands TO mOnoPolists and
souless corporations, aud this system of lass
legislation Of robbing the people OF hunJ beds
Of millions Of dollars annually in building sp a
mOnicd aNRtOcrscv, and crushing labor to- the
dust
Labor organizations are entitled 10 repre-
scntation as prescribed in the constitution, as
follows:
SECTION 2.-EveTy International or national
organization, shall be entitled 20 three repre-
scntatives State organizations to two Il ldes
unions, and all other labor organizations to one
representative in the National Labor Un.0n /;
Provided, that representatives shall derive aher
election from the organization they claiW to
represent Each International organic ttion
represented, is required TO pay the sum of kl5
and each National organization, SO each 10.
cal union or labor organization of any kind
represented by delegate, is required "a pay
one cent upon each member belonging to such
Organi satiOu.
The coming Convention will be a ver9 i'm
portrait event in correction with this igrea
movement Of labor reform, therefore, l make
an urgent appeal to every labor organization t.
send delegate, that NC may counsel oLctheI
for the good and welfare Of our common coun
try, that equal rights and Justice may a evsi
in the same. r. +. TREvnLcK,
Prcsi1--: Nr:icral Labor w e.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16

marking that I waslsYposed to the bill.
The record in the Gobs shows this, and
leaves mo- excuse for any contrary state
ment. Az to Mr.. McNeely, | have just
seen him, and he distinctly disavows
the statelnent qnoted, or its endorse.
-menA and give me lease to say so for
him. 4 am not have not been, and do
not expect to be in favor Of the Cen
trail Branch proposition, and the man
who tells you to the contrary does not
know what he ssys, Or else wilfaliy
violates the truth.
Very Respectfully,
Gro. w. JULIAN.
Washington, D. c., July 18th, 1870.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
DISAVOWAL OF MR.. JULIAN.

1t gives us pleasure TO publish, as we
know it will give our readers pleasure
to peruse, the following communication
from the Hon. Geo. Julian, of Indiana,
in which lie explicitly denies the intention
we imputed to him in our last, of adj
vocating tie land swindle Of the Central
Branch Pacific Railroad. We certainly
have no desire to falsify the record of
any man, much less Of one who has in
deared himself to the working classes
Of the United States, by a persistent
opposition to the schemes of the Gland
grabbers," and this we believe the
member from Indiana has done. He
says =
In the editorial columns Of your
paper, of the 9th inst, find the follow
ing -" In the case Of the Central Paci-
fic Railroad rs the people of the United
States, we find Geo. w. Julian advocat-
ing one of the most abominable hnd
grants on record. To Mr.. McNeely, Of
illinois, who discovered and blocked
the nice little game the especial
thanks of the National Labor Union is
due"
In writing this paragraph you have
been grossly deceived by some one who
knew that he was telling you very
mean falsehood. 1t was because l was
opposed to the bill referred to, that |
moved to refer it to the committee, of
which / am chairman; and if the bill
should fail at this session it will be due
to my motion. ] afterwards asked to
have the bill re.instated in its place on
the Speakers table, but | did this sole
ly because l was 50 instructed by the
committee, and not of my own accord,
as expressly stated at the time, re
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
EDI702lAI BpEvITIps

As sicr .l IA s.mes W. may .mrn-
ZION me TACT lhat Col Forney has writ
ten letter endorsing the principles of
the National Labor Union. We shall
publish it in our next.
A DELEGATE meeting of the miners
of the Caseyville district, Ilinoi-, has
been called for the 18th inst, to elect
a delegate to the Cincinnati Congress-.
FROM vincennes and La Fl yette,
Indiana, we learn that the labor move
ment is prospecting finely. On the
Fourth Of July, grand Pic Nj; was
given at the former place, previous to
which grand procession Of the trades
marched through the principal streets,
after which they were addressed by
President Trevellick. Over 1000 per
sons were in attendance.
SHOULD hostilities break out be-
tween France and Prussia, as the signs
Of the times indicate, the W4king-
mems international Congress, which
convenes on the Sth of September,
will again have to be transferred from
Mayence TO some other more suitable
locality.
The Annual Session of the Tailors'
International Union will shortly con.
veno at Boston, Mass. The reports Of
the state of trade are conflicting,
THE Cooperative Foundry recently
established at Brooklyn, New York
has, SO far, proved a success.
In recent dcbete III the United
States Senate, OIL the importation of
coolies, Carl Schurz, Of Missouri, made
tie nOnscnsical assertion that it you'd
require 70 years to import a mil on of
Chinese. Any school-boy could have
rebutted such twaddlc. Before the
year 80 nearly twice that number can
easily be transferred from the howcry
land.
"A LARGE anticoolie meeting was
recently held at New Bedford. We
have received several letters from var
ious parts Of the country, endorsing in
the strongest language, our views ON
the coolic question, arguing that pro
hibition is the only safety.
SHoBT AND SwEEr.-Fifteen hundred
pigtails have gone to Chattanooga,
Tenn.-Thc following communications
relative thereto, explains itself
SAN Francisco, June II, $50
J. @. STANTON Superintendent Alabe "a aud
Chattanooga railroad
Can deliver in thirty days at Chad Anoora
1000 or 1000 good Chinese lsborers, ~ sixty
dollars per head. Wages, sixteen dollars per
month aud board. Free passage back.
KoorMAXsczAP ( Co.
So this Mr.. Stanton replied
CHATTANOOGA, June II, 1870.
KocPNANsCHAP & Co., San Francisco, Cal;
we will take 800 able bodied Chinese labor
crs at once. We refer to the First National
Bank Of Chattanooga.
J. C. STANTON, S. II.
lie strike among the Manufacturing
operatives, Mulhauscn, France, i more
extensive than first reported. Over
10000 workmen are engaged in it,
Tie annual meeting Of the Missouri
State Labor Union, was held Mt ST.
Louis, on Wednes lay afternoon, July
9th, III. o. Sheldon in the chair, when
the following officers for the ensuing
year were aPpointed:-President, II.
0. Sheldon; Vico-Prcsidcnt, Charles X.
Anderson; Recording Secretary, Geo.
w. Hale; Treasurer, Joseph lIodg-
man r. +. Wingate and Horace Seig
erson, council-men.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
To the TradeA

Being anxious to satisfy the demands
Of our correspondents as far as posi-
BILE, we have surrendered 10 them, in
the present issue the additional columns
of the ADVOCATE. We cannot do i'm
possibilities, however, and as there are
a number of communications unavoid-
ably laid over-the best we can do is
TO promise their publication in our next.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16

Deceased George w. Kissinger, May
81.
,sRetastdted-e.
y RgectcA3, for not being competent
hands.
Expelled for non-payment of dues.
Number Of members in the Union,
ESD. Employed, l6O. Trade dull at
Epresent, but prospects Frightening for
the future.
Cor. Sec'y-C. II. Leapton, Cincin-
natl, Box 1881.
UNION NO. 2 OF OHIO.
hsitiated-David Ungerforth and
August Weissert.
admitted By Cdrd-George IIarring-
ton. ......
Cards Grdnted-R. Wiley and James
Hazard.
Expelled Sam1 Wolf, Geo. w. Da-
Wis and Geo. w. Fair.
Amount OF $2l.50 paid June 18th as
tax for strike of Union No. 10 Of n. Y.
Number Of members in the Union,
&C. All employed. Trade about me-
dunn at present and prospects fair.
Cor. Secy-John Il. Thomas, No.
$50, Third street, Dayton.
UNION NO. OF OHIO.
Amount Of $500 forwarded as dues,
April 14th.
Number of members in the Union,
50, All employed. Trade good, with
fair prospects.
Cor. Sec'y-Jacob Lohrer, care Of
Geo. Stetzer, Columbus, Ohio.
UNION NO. OF IIL1N ..
hitiated-John barley, J. G. Prince
VIM Young, John IIagar, Frank
Chequeate, Terrence Conway, M. +
Gregg, q. w. Gregg. Chester Ives
Chas. Dennis, John Renney, Richard
Williams, w. III. Drury, NJ Jctiries
Thos. Giles, John $. Council, Philip
Care, VIM. Conley, Frank Gerald ,Jno
Cinney, John Jones, Thos. Neal, Elijah
Allen, Jno. ID. Williams, II. >. Canton
r. Ashlan, ThOs. Dunno, Thos. Con
way, Frank Bowen, Geo, b. Butler
Frank Reynolds, Henry Good, William
IIoere, Thos. Wilson, Patrick Scanlon
John Scanlon, Harvey Gowls, JOIN
Reed, VIM. Jackson, j as. Geskin, Benj
Cluskey, Andrew German, A. J. Pen
chon, Jacob StrehIcr, M. Peterson
Harry Smyth, John Smyth, VIM. Prier
Geo. Indey Geo. Charles, James hurry
Henry Hodges, II. III. Smyth,E. a. Col
burn, w. Ii. Clark, Geo. Deily, Chas
Brooks, Il. 7. Jones, w. Howard, Mi
chael Riley, Patrick, Flynn, Thos. w
Carroll, VIM. Insdey, Patrick Nugent
VIM. Ray, Jno. Jones, Thos. Neal, Il
5. Lafton, Geo. w. Meyer, John Tho
mas, John Kinney, Richard William
and w. Drury.
admitted BY CDd-Geo. Holdstock
Sam'l Stober and John Dunn.
Cards GrGnteI--GeO Ii. Butler, Mat
thew Mcdonald, Jas. Andrews anC
ThOs. Leihan.
! Rcinstated-Michael McCabe, Petel
Hatch, Peter Manning, q. L. Bartlett
and John McCarty.
Amount of SO forwarded to Treas
urer N. U. for strike Of No. 10 Of N. Y
Number of members in the Union
200. Employed, $50. Trade very
dull, wages from $500 to $3.50, caused
by the continual coming Of strangers
to this city.
Cor. Scc'y-John L. Agile, No. 1917
North Halstead street, Chicago.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16

TO Corresponding Secretaries of all Sub
ordinate Unions
In this issue of the WORKINGMAN's
ADVOCATE appears the Quarterly Jour
nal and Review with the Reports Of the
Subordinate Unions. AS | will not is
sue it in pamphlet form, as heretofore,
you will please to call the attention Of
your Union to the fact at its first meet
ing, and solicit its introduction in your
Union as a good Trade and family pa
per, devoted 10 the interests Of work
ingmen and the extension of our ma,
tional organization, and in its capacity
as our national organ we have at once
a good and economical circulating me-
dium, and secretaries will forward any
information Of interest to the editor to
be published in the "Bricklaycrs' Col
umn." AS the national Union is in a
good and prosperous condition, gen.
eral compliance will advance the inter
eSts of the entire Trade, and sincerely
obligo
Yours in the National Union,
STEPHEN BURROWS, Sec'y.
The remainder Of this Journal to-
gether with the Secretary's and Treas
urer's Financial Report and the list Of
Corresponding Secretaries, will be
published in our next.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
CORRESPONDENTS.
FROM KANSAS.

I'VE 40 nat holl ourselves rr-ponthlr ior any cpir
on expressed by CorroSJ Ondents.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16
NEW UNIONS.

During the present quarter l have
the honor to record the re-organiz ltion
of Union No. | Of Kentucky, by Pres
ident O'keeffe, on June l., under the
most favorable auspices, as per report.
There are seventy-sevcn members, and
in letter from its worthy secretary he
assures me that the Bricklaycrs of
Louisville are determined to make II a
perfect success. From the
CITY OF NEW YoRK
there was application made by a por-
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-07-16

Number Of members in the Union,
~. All employed. Trade very good,
with fair prospects.
Cor. Scc'y-JoSiah Il. Bradley, 10Th
street, bet. Duncan and Harvey streets.
UNION No. OF KENTUCKY.
admitted By Cnd-Geo. Johnson and
Clinton Recber.
Cards Granted Theodore hurry, G..
Evans, Jas. Hughes, Ferdinand Hoax
and Geo. johnson.
DeccaScd-Thomas Creighton.
Amount of $11.2O forwarded to
Treasurer Of N. u. as payment Of the
zoe and Sc tax, June 18th.
Number Of members in the Union,
SO. Employed, -. Trade dull at
present, but prospects good
Cor. Secy-Wm. Il. Martin, Coving-
ington, Box 553.
UNION NO. OF OHIO.
hitiate9-Fred. Mining. April 4tb,
Philip Heath and J. Bowling, April
18th, ID. Il. Pierson aud J. Kidwcll,
April 18th, J. ID. Haven and 8. Huer,
IT., April 25th. q Phid, May ID, J.
Mccall, D. NJ. Wilson and S. P. Nc
Adam, May 10th, Il. Shay, M. Schro-
der, ii. G. Foster, J. II. Lennon and
Il. Il. kirkpatrick, Jane 18th. Total,
l6.
admitted By Cdrd--Joshua Stanley,
Edward Brown, April 18th, J. Burger,
May 2lst.
Cards Grdnted-Jacob Cargeth, Jno.
w. Gould, Geo. Johnson, April 18th,
Abraham ROLAND, III. VI. Lnchrer, Glen.
Keller, Benz. Huer, Jr., J. 7. Edwards,
W. T. Kerr, Joshua Stanley, J. Gangs,
Geo. Anderson, T. Shay, NJ. Schroeder,
IL. G. Foster, j H. Lennon, +. B..
kirkpatrick and j. c. Rlkers. Total, 10