Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1870-01-07
FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.

D1rcH1NG AND DRAINING. These i'm
portant items in farm management cannot
| be too frequently placed before the.farming
i community Many are deferred from I'M
derdraining on account of the heavy ex-
pense, although it may be safely affirmed
that the entire expense OF understanding
land is always returned to the farmer IN
| the three following crops, and often IN the
first. =,
Tiles are, of course, the best means with
which to form the water way, but tiles are
SO expensive that they are comparatively
little used. Good serviceable drains can
be made either with lumber, sawed for the
purpose, into five or six inch widths. or
even with brush and poles; in either case,
however the expenses Of the drains are
heavy, and what has its effects also, the
| work is hard and disagreeable, and where
the labor ola farm depends on the farmer
himself OF on the members of his family,
it is difficult to get work of that nature per-
formed; then again, to dig drains properly
is trade, and requires considerable ex-
perienee and special tools, the farmer
often loses ten times the value of them in
a single season.
Draining cannot be recommended too
strongly, but where draining cannot be
done, ditching can, and this is the second
best thing. Few farms require bitches of
more than two feet deep from the adjoining
level and where bitches are not deeper
than that, the entire work can be done
with the pillow and the road scraper, thus
putting the hard labor on the horses and
not on the men, and rendering the task an
easy one.
If water is got off the land quickly in
the spring when the SHOWS melt, the land
is never wet during the subsequent season;
whereas, If the winters rain and snow are
allowed to lodge on the ground, and soak
away it puts the crop back for considera-
BILE time, renders the land cold and sour,
ard throws the earliest and best sown fall
: wheat into the nudge season. Where a
field is wet or fiat there ought to be ditch
all around it, the earth thrown out by The
pillow IN forming it on one side being made
up into bank for the fence and on the
other, spread out ON the adjoining land as
evenly as possible, and so as to prevent the
water from forming q Judgment For FORM
ing such bitches as these nothing can be
better than the pillow; nothing moves earth
so fast OF so cheaply, and by proper man.
agement the greatest portion of the earth
in the future ditch never requires touching
with any other implement. When the
;, earth can no longer be probably heaved
! out of the ditch with the pillow, that nipple.
ment should be used, without a mold-board
to loosen the SOIL and the earth so moved
carried out of the ditch on the adjoining
, land with the road scraper. No ditch ought
: to be of less width at the bottom tn an the
ordinary road scraper; if it is, the poach
, ing of cattle searching for water and tread
= ing down the banks, soon fills it up Can-
ada Farmer. y. 2 g,afTE rH
r FARM WAGES MUST COME Down.
f seThe laborer is worthy of his hire" and
we are decidedly in favor of paying al
i good, faithful workers the highest wages
. that can possibly be afforded. Ehe farm
a cannot pay beyond reasonable per cent
7 age of its products for workmen. The cos
: for freightage and other marketing expenses
s is about the same for wheat at Use pei
= bushel as for that sold at $1.50. But max
7 ing no allowance for this, let us reckon thu
wages of laborers in wheat or other pro
: duce which he must buy for his family
Q men at four bushels of wheat per weel
a with board, or five aud half wthou
4 board This, with wheat at $150 PEI
: bushel, is $500 or $34 81 per month, i
g the employer sells his wheat and pay
" money Is it just that he should pay IT,,
" same money wages when his wheat bring
b only rs? The plain truth is he canno
+ afford it. He cannot give eight or clever
n bushels of wheat for wet ks work
: If the laborer could feed his family two
J. years ago on four bushels of wheat pei
e week, he can get along on less than double
1 the quantity now, while the employer is
: Strengthened for the means to pay interest
S purchase machinery or implements, stock
i etc. If laborers do not appreciate these
q iacts, and moderate their demands &C
S cordingly, farmers will, from absolute neces.
f sity, be compelled to shorten sail, and 6
9 large number of laborers will be thrown
: out of employment. Every farmer will
: of course, do the best he can to retain his
well-tried men, and to keep some improve
ments going on. By the way, we would
like to receive from our readers in differ
s ent parts of the country, statements as &c
the number OF bushels of wheat, and o.
y corn also, that have been equivalent to the
average wages of farm hands, with an6
! without board, during each of the years
= 1866, 1867 and 1869; we refer to men EN-
s ployed by the month during the entire
!. year.-American Aqricultwist
f ABUsHEL OF WHEAT FOR Pound OF BUT
TER. In some Of the interior places of oul
f state we learn that wheat is down to forty
: five cents per bushel, while in st. Paul
f good article of butter sells readily at retail
!. for the same price. After paying harvest
a hands from two to three dollars day there
: is but little left for the farmer who raises
the great staple, after deducting price O.
' seed, threshing, &c. The expense of mar
r keting is decidedly in favor of dairy pro
ducts, since the forty-fve cents worth OF
' wheat weighs some sixty times as much as
the butter. Here is another argument il
favor of mixed husbandry, instead of all
, going into one kind of crop until the mar.
ket is completely over-stocked. If oul
, farmers had raised only halfas much wheat
: and good crop of butter cheese, pork,
and beef, to say nothing of the great varie.
/ ty of little things that bring the cash, there
would have been four times the money
2 saved this year, as the wheat would have
brought double the price, with one-half the
, COSTS. Paul Press
BEET SUGAR IN W1scoNs1s. The Fond
, du Lac, Wis, Commonwealth gives DIES.
eription of the Beet Sugar Mandatory oil
! Messrs. Bonesteel q Otto, in that city. II
= appears that Mr.. Otto has been foreman OF
such factories in Europe for 20 years. In
1868 he hired few acres of land near Fond
du Lac and from the beet is raise made
some satisfactory experiments in beet sugar
making. In the spring of 1869 Mr.. Bone
steel entered the firm. A farm was rented
and so acres planted to beets. Ten tons
per acre was the lowest product. All the
beets were secured, and recently the pro
cess of manufacture was commenced. The
machinery is said to be of the best. The
factory has a capacity for making 1000
pounds of su sar daily, and has material