The New York herald., 1870-12-11

against his enemies could stretch forth hls hands
and tnd succor. Among all the Germanic nations lions
| the Franks alone had become Catholic from their
first rise in the provinces OF the Roman empire, and
| this acknowledgment OF the Roman Soc had secured
| important advantages 20 the Frankish nation
The most attached OF all, however To the see OF
Rome were the Anglo-Saxons. No more Important
| Pope thaa from that OF Gregory the Great, who,
when he saw the fair Angio-Saxon captives for sale
In the streets OF Rome, determined on the CONVEX
sion Of that people. They received, together with
Christianity, venefation for the Holy See greater
ah 70 Rome sent @ tae youth ntIer
TO be educated, and King Qua established the Tax
called st Peters Penny for the rcllet OF pilgrims
| and the education OF the clergy. Boniface, the
| apostle OF the Germans, was also an Anglo-Saxon,
largely sharing IN the veneratlon OF his nation for
| ST. Peter and his successors. In all the German
churches founded by him he imposed an oxtraordl-
nary obligation to obedience. Every bishop was re-
tne See Of Rome. Presiding often in the synods Of
the Galican bishops, he inculcatcd the same attach
ment 10 .iome ana thus did The devoted submission
| OF the Angio-Saxons extend itself over the whole
ORIGIN or THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE CHURCH.
When other realms were sinking tnt0 one common
| ruin aud the w0rld seemed about 10 become The
prey OF the Moslem Pepln OF Herstal, the sol OF
Charles Marel and founder OF the race, afterwards
! called the Caro0Wngau, had risen To supreme
power, and that race IL was which o1ered the frst
enectual resistance to the MOnammedan conquerOrs.
| Rake tells US that TAT this Time the East Roman
empire falling into rains, incapable OF support
is s own domains ia isly against the fomSards. yet
! continuing TO Claim supremacy even Ia Spiritual
analrs; on the other hand, the German nations,
| Mosem attached to that authority tthe Soc OF
Rone) OF whose protecting and restrictive influences
tney s feat the need, and flied With an unlimited
| ana most freely rendered DEVOTION"
THE POPE SEEKS The AID OF KING PEPIN
Such was the condition Of affairs when Stephen Ill
applied for AID to King Pepln against the Lombards
| who had taken possession oil The eXarchate or
Rayenaa and adjoining territories and, under their
siege TO Pavia and wrested the exarchate from the
Lonbards and transferred II 70 the Pope in 754. He
niG knua nft ma fN iNa
placed the altar OF st. Peter, and In this act
I believed by some to have laid the foundation
thus became recognized temporal sovereisns in
| Italy.
| exarcnate should have been restored to the Roman
| Emperor rom whom the Lomoards had wrcsted II,
and that when the proposal for such restoration was
made to Pepin his reply was that 'fOr ne favor OF
man had he entered the strife, but from veneration
to st. Peer alone aud In the hope OF obtaining for
oHARLEaAGNE AND THE popEs.
| In ia Cnarlemagne, having succeeded TO the
L. most energetic Pope being in the chair OF Peter
the LombMds became again aggressive Charlie
magne crossed the Alps, driving them before him,
ana sent tneir King Desederius prisoner to France
Tnus ended the dominion Of the Lombards in italy.
| ans monarch showed the most profound deIerence
st. Peter ne entered the vestibue where the Pom
| TN awaited INN. He confirmed all the possessions
awarded by Pepn TO the Church.
ORIGIN OF TIrHEs.
In ITO Charemagne enforced throughout his
| donlnions the imposition OF thes tor the support
| OF the clergy, churches schools and the poor.
| caARLEMAGNE CROWNED EMPERoR OF THE WEST:
In 500, full Of fame and victory, having united
Germanic nations. Of Chrlstendom, and being
In possession OF all the seats OF the
or Gau, and inherlang their power, he
again visited Rome and was crowned Emperor
with great pomp in the presence or the clergy,
mobiles and people OF Rome With reference TO the
date OF tne origin OF the Pops temporal soyer.
The Catholic Church Claim 1t to date from the days
OF Pope Sylvester l., and has King Pepin only re-
stored aud Cnarlemagne confirmed to the Church
that which for upwards OF four centuries had be-
longed TO Rer. And as evidence OF this they say
word respecting the city OF Rome or the other ter
r,tory dependent upon that Duchy, and therefore
OF The Pope. rhey also hold that this view Is fur
ther confirmed by the fact that CharleDagHe, when
he visited home In TIA, claimed no sovereignty over
1t, but asked permission from the Pontln to enter
IL tnat he might pay devotion at the churches;
and further, Inat Louis Dcbonnair, VINO was crowned
| emperor By rope stephen v. at Rheims, In sl6,
styled both his grandfather and father. Pepn and
Cnarlernage, reslorers to the Holy See OF rights
| which IL ALREADY possessed.
THE POPE AND NAPOLEON I.
Plus VII, IN letter to Napoleon l., who claimed
did. is equally explicit IN the maintenance OF the
same rgnC. He says:-"YOur Majesty says that our
RELATIONS towards ysa are the same as tn those Of our
found Rome III the hands OF the Popes; ne recog-
ni2ed, he unreservedy confirmed, them In the pos
new donations; he never pretended to any right
or domain or superorty over the temporal
sovereignty OF the POntiTs; he never claimed from
them eitner dependence or the homage OF SUP
ject.u The lurther remarks OF this P0nttn we
think quite pertinent containing al tnat II Is neces.
sary to say pro Or con- and with them we close this
question. He adds:-"But, In TACT, ten centuries
since the time OF Charlemagne have rendered USE
less ali further investigation. An undSturOed pos
session OF thousand years is title the most clear
whch exist between sovereigns; the fact OF that
| possession has proved that, Whatever may have
| been the understanding between Oharemagne and
the pontis in those obscure Times and under those
| tempesluous circumstances the Holy See has
never in reference to her territorial dominlors held
any other relations with the successors OF Charlie
magne than those which exist between every inde-
pendent sovereign and other SoverelgnS.n
POWER OF THE POPES IN THE MIDDLE AGES
From the time OF Charlcmagne. IN 800, until the
Conspicuous part the affairs Of Europe, had their
talned elevated Ideas OF not only the pontlfcate.
but the episcopal office. Eugentus H., who com.
menced his reign In S24 Is SAID to have been the
first who introduced organs into the churches Of the
West and Valentine, VINO succeeded him IN S27 the
first upon whom the ceremony Of kissing the
toe was practised by the Senate and the people Of
Rome; while Sergius H., who became Pontlff in S44,
| Is reputed the first who took new name at his
election, his real one being Osporci or Swinemouth,
! Leo w., who succeeded him III S47, was eninently
| distinguished for zeal and courage. Under him the
Saracens were defeated with great loss at Ostea by
sarlus, son OF the Duke Of Naples. He did much
towards the repairs OF ST. Peters and the Vatican,
| ana enclosed the ClLy VIII d Wau. lie amounted
| King Alfred Of England, who was sent to Rome
for confirmation when five years old.
Adrian H., who began his reign In S67, held lofty
ideas OF the episcopal oflce. He decreed "that no
bishop should ahght from his horse for any secular
| prince.n John WILL, who crowned Charles the Bald
| In S75 and obtained from him confirmation OF all
FORMER grants and the cession Of Capua TO the patr
Mony OF the Holy See held "that obedience was due
to him from princes, and that he had right 10 ex-
4 communicate them.n
| DEFEAT AND EXPULSION OF THE SARACENs FROM
John X. defeated the Saracens on the GanglianO,
| being present person at this victory, which, ac-
| cordng to Wl!ks, In his history Of the Papacy he
achieved with great renown, assisted by the troops
OF Berenger of the Dukes Of Benevento, Naples and
Gaeta ana by the general OF the Greek emperor. He
| crowned Berenger Emperor OF the Romans, A. ID.
916, who confirmed all the grants OF his predeces-
/ sors TO the see Of Rome.
In 963 the Emperor Otho restored to the Pope
! various territories In the neghborhoOd OF Ravenna
/ and elsewhere which mad been seized BY former
Kings OF Italy. John XIV. gave his sanction to Hugh