davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
Toledo school.

Toledo school. I...
The following shows the number of pupils
enrolled in the different departments, the av>
erase daily attendance and average daily alb
sence, for the first month Of Winter Term,
commencing January 3, and ending January
% 1870:
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
Blow yc the trumpet blow,
The gladly cheering sound,
Let all the ladies know,
r. 'N~l.l.'~ ..,;.lo,t I..~,,.l

that they can get better, nicer, cheaper,
tasticr and more fashionable stationery
of all kinds ut the Postoflicc than at
any other place. Att
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

Our readers, who want q good dictionary,
should read what the n. Y. Evening Post says
of Worcester's Dictionary, which we give on
second page.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

January 81.

OaHttsl II.
In the absence of the Speaker, Hon.
John Russell was elected Speaker, pro
tenn.
The following committee was an
nounced.
Medical Institutions -Messrs. Keables, Nc
Gayren, Miles, Of Washington, Stewart and
Sanborn.
Under suspension OF the rule, bill
was passed, paying the postage ae-
count Of the Thirteenth Assembly.
A resolution, submitted by Mr. Ma
hin, asserting as the sense of the
House that the property of railroad
corporations should be assessed and
taxed as other property, was referred to
the Committee on Railroads, with IT.
structions to report on Monday, the
24th.
The Postmaster and Assistant Post
master were allowed the paper and
postage allowed other officers.
Committee on Schools were instruct
cd to inquire what additional legisla-
ton is necessary to afford poor chill
drcn the facilities tor an education.
Joint Resolutions passed instruct
ing our Senators and requesting our
Representatives to'use their influence
in securing pensions for the soldiers of
the war of 1912.
The Senate Resolution on the Abo,
lition OF the Franking Privilege was
concurred in.
Under suspension of the rules, 4 bill
was passed, making an appropriation
tor payment Of mileage, per diem, post
age and salaries OF temporary officers.
january 81.
SENATE.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

The report was adopted, by vote
of yeas, 10; nays, 6.
Under suspension OF the rule a bill
was passed, providing additional means
for the collection of taxes AMI assess
ments within municipal corporations.
Yeas, i6; nays, 0.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

sDsily, Sundays excepted.
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, only.
Office open from o'clock A. NJ. until 8
o'clock T. NJ.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

The Pacific Express train will stop at the
following Stations Clinton, Loudon, Cedar
Rapids, Blairstown. Belle Plaine, Tama.
Marshall, Boone, Grand Junction, Carroll.
Denison, Dunlap, Mo Valley Junction and
Council Bluffs, and will stop at State Center,
Nevada. Ames and New Jefferson, for pas
sengers with tickets for a distance of 100
miles or more.
Freight trains will not stop to take or leave
passengers, and ticket offices will not be open
TO sell tickets for freight trains. No passen>
ger will be taken Gu freight train without a
ticket to the station at which the train stops
|. B. HOWE Supt
II. 7. SrASwoop, Acting General Passenger
Agent. Clinton, June IS, 1869
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

yolyel in the railroad bond indebed
ness.
a committee of Conference on the
Fifteenth Amendment was agreed to-.
HOUSE
The Speaker, pro TEN, announced
the following committee, on,the part
Of the House, to examine into the
charges against the Warden of the
Pcnitentiary: Messrs. Brown, of Fay
ettc, and Murdoch.
A Committee Of Conference with
the Senate, on the FIT zenith Amend.
ment was ordered and the Speaker
pro ten appointed Messrs. Kasson, Ma
hin and Stone.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

was cured of Deafness AM Catarrh by
simple remedy, and will send the receipt free.
MRS. Nj. q. LEGG EFT, llobokcn, n. j.
50w4l
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
VICKS
FLORAL GUIDE FOR 1870.

The First Edition of One Hundred and
Twenty Thousand copies of vicks illustrated
Catalogue Of Seeds and Floral Guide, is pub
lished and ready to send out. II is elegantly
printed on fine tinted paper, with about 200
fine wood Engrayings Of Flowers AMI veget-
.bles, and a beanfi full Colored Plate consist
ing of seven varieties OF Phlox Drummun,lii,
making tine
ROQUET OF PIILOXES.
1t is the most beautiful, as well as the most
instructive Floral Fnidc published, giving
pla and thorough directions for tho
CULTURE OF FLOW ERS and VEGETABLES
The Floral Guide is published for the bru-
eft Of my customers, TO whom il is vent free
without application, but will be forwarded 70
all who apply by mail, Tor Ten Cents, wnish
is not half the cost, Address.
JAMES WICK,
Al Rochester, !.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

NSEAT MARKET. The undersigned hav-
WI ing purchased the entire stock Of
Rhodes y Son. keeps on hand full supply
If meats, which he serves up in the best style
ellis at living rates.
Keeps open all hours of the day. Cas-
paid for hides and fat cattle.
Remember the place, vt the old stand
Rhodes i Son.
JOHN II. THEDE,
26 IT Proprietor.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
January %,
SENATE.


. January %,
SENATE.
A resolution was adopted request
ing our Senator'S and Representatives
in Congress, to use all honorable
means to obtain a pension for Col
John G. Abercromble, of the 18th
Iowa Infantry, who has become blind,
and otherwise disabled, from exposure
in the service of the United States.
The Committee to consider the rail
road indebtedness ofcounties and cities,
appointed as folows:-Senators Ben
nett, McCulloch, Fairall, Griffith, Nc
Kcan, Hurley, Couch, Allen, Long
and Hamilton. The Committee of
Conference on Fifteenth Amendment
appointed as follows: Senators Donnan,
Mexican, and McNutt.
HOUSE.
Mr.. IRISH presented the following
resolution which was unanimously
adopted:
Resolrei by the House Of Representatives
in the name Of the people, that there is heres
by expressed to Governor Samuel Merrill.
upon the expiration of his first term, public
appreciation for the ability, honesty aud eff
fciency Of his administration Of the affairs of
the Commonwealth.
\ resolution was adopted instruct
inc the Committee on School to in
quire into the expediency of amend
ing the School Laws SO as to require
parents and guardians to send their
children and wards TO school at least
three months year for at least ten
years during minority.
A committee of fifteen on City and
County Railroad Bond Indebtedness
was ordered to be appointed, and or
dercd to report some measure of relief.
Jan. Goth.
SENATE.
A join, resolution that the Lcgis!a-
ture take recess from the 10th to the
23d. of February was adopted
Senator Donnan presented the fol.
lowing report:
The Committee on conference appointed by
their respective Houses to take into consid-
GRAFTON the disagreement of the two Houses
upon the Joint Resolution ratifying the pro-
posed XIV Article of the Constitution of the
United States, after full and free con fer.
ence thereon have unanimously agreed to re-
port and recommend TO their respective
referred to them, amended to read as follows:
Houses the adoption of the Joint Resolution
Joint Resolution. ratfying the proposed
Fifteenth Article Of Amendment to the Cons IT,
tuition Of the Y ni,el States relative to the
right of citizens to vote,
WHEREAS, The Fortieth Congress of the
untel States has proposed to the Legislatures
of the several States the following article of
ameu lmeat to the Federal Constitution. name
~:
Section /, The right of citizens of tbs
United States to vote shall not be denied OIL
abridged by the United States or any State
or account of race, color or previous condi
| tion of servitude.
| SGcrIoN >. The Congress shall have power
to enforce This article by appropriate Legis
lation. Therefore,
Be it Resoiped, BY the General Assembly o
the State Of Iowa, by its Legislature hereby
ratihes, adopts and assents 10 the said amend
| nent.
W. G. DONNA,
JoHS McKEAS.
SAMUEL McNurr,
Com. on part of the Senate.
JoHS A. MASON,
JonS MAHIN,
JouS y SroNE.
Com on part OF the House.
The report was adopted, by a vote
of yeas, 10; nays, 6.
Under suspension OF the rule a bill
was passed, providing additional means
for the collection of taxes AMI assess
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

Cast. Charles Sager, who keeps superb
stock Of livery horses in Portland, Me, in
formed us recently that he uses Sheridan's
Cavalry Condition Powders regularly in. his
stables and that the expense is more than
offset by the diminished amount OF grain nee>
essary to keep his horses always in good or.
der lw
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
SENATE.

A resolution creating standing
Committee Of nine, with Senator Ben
nett, as chairman, to consider and re-
port by bill or otherwise relative to
tho relief of the counties and CITIES in
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
COMMON SENSEl

WANTED-AGENTS. $3.50 per month to
sell the only Genuine Improved Common
Sense Family Sewing Machine. Price only
SIS. Great inducements 20 Agents This ID
the most popular Sewing Machine of the day
makes the famous elastic Lock STITCH
will do any kind of work that can be done en-
any Machine. Zoe, 900 sold and the demand
constantly increasing. Now is the tune to
take an Agency. Send for circulars Beg
Beware Of infringers. @y,ss Address SECUMJ
Co, Boston, Mass, Pittsburgh, Pa or St
I.onis No Ti7-4
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
SPECIAL NOTICES.

aft you are suffering with any kind of Piles
try Warmers Pile Remedy, it will cure you
r. AZ
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

Warrants issued by Auditor for Jury fees
during the year, A. b. 1859
JANUARY TERN CIRCUIT COURT, 1869 PETIT
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

List of Advertised Letters remaining un.
claimed in the Postohce, at Toledo, Iowa, Feb
ruary LIST. 1870.
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03

rs AZ
Ek3g~See advertisement of Dr. Butts Dis
pensary. headed, Book for the miliion-MAR-
RIAGEGUIDE-in another column It should
be read by all Nov-oam
Many people, particularly children, suffer
with the ear ache; and for the benefit of such
we give sure but simple remedy. Put in
two or three drops of Johnson's Anodyns Lin
iment stop the ear with undrcssc1 wool, battle
the feet in warm water before going to bed,
and keep the head warm at night. lw
Tama County Republican. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1867-1872, 1870-02-03
OUR CALENDER.


This date IL within the year Of the
Organization oflowa, rs Statc,......... "a
American Independence, ................ 70
Christian Era, .......................... 1870
Jewish Ere, OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. ,O3O
Julian Period, .....s.........". ..........'o,ooO
Winter commenced December 81, LOS
o'clock p. NJ, 1863. and will close March 20,
2:24 o'clock T. NJ. 1870.
Venus will be On Evening Star uatil Feb
ruary 90, 1870.
Mars will be an Evening Star until March
II, 1870.
Jupiter will be on Evening Star until May
-, 1870.
Saturn will be Morning Star until March
l6, 1870. -4A
February 10, Ash Wednesday.
/" ", Washingtons Birthday.
First quarter Of Moon, 9Th, lis o'clock 2.
n.
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1870-03-03

Friends aud p6tron5, one nniall.
Your attention TO my big would cat;
T'im's arc dull an money tight
But in lhcsc times I'm looking for light.
To those who are building rigs without number,
would inior'n--hs is tie place to tuy L,,nher;
Hy motto Is his. "Qr;cl Sales ard small prna,.n
For bu7 nee s. healthy und think uiuch ol it,
In q'ali'y my Lumber Is second to none,
Aud a. Tor Shingles, keep No. /;
some may not 10 k at it in the light Go,
And for 900 have qlaity No. q
Aud t. those who AZ" particular as some may be-
still lave anrtler qCa ity Cal el No 8;
have good seasoned Lumber. Dress ID up nice,
V lich viii s,il at a low cash plic.;
Such a !'"riug, Ceiin{ and Siding, oo.h Eorga
ani Pressed,
Lath, Eatters and Surfaced Lumber, all Of tho
bcs.
l also nave Rig Lumber Of ali kinds,
1t prices to compare with oil and hard times;
| ,ll kinds Of Timber kept constantly on hand,
| And boz Of Cigars Of very good brand;
My facilities for SCI ing are surely without numbel
| alw0y. Keep good teams to deliver good Lumber
i'so if you want Lumber, Rough, Dressed, sof o
lIaTd,
! You VIII find lust what you wln a: L NJ SIS Lum
| be. Ya.d
fCbls-'f
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1870-03-03
Zs.s. Gfg, '3AIsf6 E'TS.
OFFICE OF

OFFICE OF
iETToLrUN CENTRE UAfIT RECorn
PETROLEUM CENTRE March 3N
The market Is strong and firm with an
advance of 10 cis. on yesterdays rrices.-
OH has. heen in good demand al! diy, al
S4,45 Three lots. "a cars in all. Changed
hands here at that figure, and Is cars 90
p. t. We quote at Si,45 10 s., 50 o. S4.GO.
Reports OfalI the Sales OF fctroIeu,,
I'D Spw TOrEYestcrday.
Petroleum advanced today a trinc but
demand very moderate and quotations more
or less nominal, crude in bulk l5ts@l53i
with a small salr at thu latter figures. Re
fined held at 30 with sale of 1000 bhls.
-'.-.a..a
PEt.tsfLEiB MAE&f, s3Lo--stA are.
EGiIApls.
Western Union LIne rEariset Report.
SPECIAL Dispatches to The Daily Record
New York. March 3.
Crude. l5la@D34.
Refined, 20.
JAN.
Nuv&Drc.
Spot.
Market -Dlll.
LyrRrooI. March >. lib u. m.
Refned 23lo. Sitiis l9l.
ISIS, SEG ss,isG.
new foEs, March 3.
Gold-llt24
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1870-03-03

'Uucs is ofI,'r.rS ''it" s'ock nj boots and
Dee & IT, ' w '"'
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19

MoLLFIED.-The Fifteenth Amend
ment has produced an astonishing
amelioration in the temper Of Wendell
Phillips. When the great change was
gradually advancing over the feelings
and sentiments of loyal people in re-
gard to effects and injurious conse-
quences resulting from slavery, Phil
lips was satisfied with nobody but him.
self. He was not willing to wait for
the logic Of events. He considered
every man a traitor to the cause Of
freedom who was not willing to pro,
coed with ultra speed to the overthrow
of the institutions which had been SC
long maintained in the country. All
our public men were too slow for him.
Lincoln he continually abused during
his lifetime, and when Grant was
named for the Presidency he had not a
more bitter, captious and obstinate OPP
ponent than Wendell Phillips. The
country, the latter said, would De De-
trayed by Grant, just as he said it had
At various times been betrayed by
Lincoln. But now Mr.. Phillips adj
mits the errors Of many years. At the
Cooper Institute meeting, recently, he
spoke with great gratitude Of the
memory Of Lincoln, his martyr Pres
ident, and Of "Grant, who has SO
nobly fulfilled his promise to the ma
ton" Thus it will be seen that the
greatest Of American scolds is satisfied,
and practically begs pardon for the
bitterness Of ~invective with which he
has followed the most noble and pat.
triotic of our public men during many
years.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19
DISPATCH

SAN FRANCISCO, April 1877. NJ
John 4. Meagher, q young lawyer In
this city, has been appointed a Com
modore's Secretary, and ordered to re-
port to Commodore D. McDougal,
commanding the Southern Pacific
Squadron.
John Mack Is under arrest for rob-
berry, alleged to have been perpetrated
OH NJ. X. Weare, on Pacific street, last
night.
No signs yet Of the Australian
steamer, reportedkon the way here,
and much doubt exists as to the truth
of the report Of her having sailed from
Melbourne.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19

SPURIOUS TEA. In large quantities,
is compounded in China by persons
skilled In tho manufacture Of imita-
lions. The ingredients Of this fraudu-
emit composition are stated to be of the
most disgusting description. A tea
sold as Sscented caper," "gunpow-
der" and "siftings,"is made up Of the
excrement of silkworms, dust, dirt, ex-
tract of gum, with very minute pro
norton Of the genuine leaves. This
,.China mixture " Is sold wholesale ut
twelve cents a pound, and pays the
same amount as duty. 1t IS asserted
that there are teas worse tnai the one
mentioned, being rated by the brokers
at five cents a pound. Recently q
large consignment Of these spurious
teas was rejected in England, and it Is
believed that the cargo was reshipped
to the United States.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19
CONDITION OF
CALIFORNIA.
from tho Sam FraneIseo Ana, 1sth.,

From the san FRANCISCO AILa, I6tn.I
The continued rains have had a ben
eficial influence on the grain fields,
and the reports continue to be very
favorable from nearly all the agricul-
tural districts. The Register says:
Should like favorable weather con-
tinue until harvest we have no doubt
that Napa County will produce at least
5000, 900 bushels of wheat above the
yield Of last year. The fruit prospects,
too, were never more promising. The
frosts and cold weather, it is true, have
injured the peach crop in some sections
Of the county, but the apple, pear,
plum and grape prospects were never
better.
The 5000, 900 must be a misprint for
500, 900, as COO, 900 bushels Is a good
yield for the county. The Alameda
Gazette says:
If the weather continues rs favorable
as it has been during the past winter,
the yield Of grain in this county will
be enormous.
The Colusa Sun speaks thus:
Two gentlemen, who have recently
traversed this county, have'taken some
pains to estimate the quantity Of land
under grain cultivation, and estimate
the amount at $50, 900 acres. At the
present time the prospects are that an
average Of 30 bushels to the acre will
be produced. Should such be the case
we can make calculation on harvesting
$500, 900 bushels Of grain III Colusa
County the present season.
The area in wheat last year In Colusa
was $4,000 acres, and 1t is scarcely
credible that there are now 100000.
There is, however, a large increase,
without doubt. The editor Of the San
Mateo Gazette says:
In swinging around the circle a few
days ago-going to Sacramento by the
way Of Vallejo and back by the way
of Stockton-we made 1t : point to
take a survey of the crops in the differ
snt sections through which we passed.
In Solano and Yol0 counties the crops
seemed to be very good; also most OF
the way between Sacramento and
| Stockton but between Stockton and
Livsrmore Valley vegetation looked
| sick. This side of Livermore Valley
the crops looked fine but nowhere ON
the route did we see crops look so well
as In San Mateo County.
The Los Angeles Ne,cs says
The cattle and sheep owners are
growing anxious to see moro rain.
The grass on the level range is drying
up quite rapidly, and without rainfall
within q few days, stock must be driven
to the mountain ranges.
The Woodland Nail says:
The late-sown grain in this part of
the country Is sadly In need Of rain,
and without copious rains many Of the
fields will produce but a very poor
crop, If they are worth harvesting at
all for grain. The volunteer, such rs
was "cultivated in" is in many in-
stances suffering for rain. Much of 1t
| is heading out so near the ground as to
render it evident that, without more
rain, that, too. will prove a failure.
The allow grain is in splendid condi-
ton. looking better than We vel saw
it in this season Of the year.
The peaches have been nipped by
frost in many of the counties, and at
Silveyyille the vineyards suffered Sc
verely from the hailstorms OF Monday
last.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19

. HIS GREED WAS Hrs DEATH.-The
Vallejo Chronicle Of the 10th inst. tells
the following:
A gentleman relates to us a queer
experience he had yesterday. The
placidity of the water and beauty Of
the day, tempted him to take a row to
South Vallejo, and when near the
shore, he espied some strong object
coming full tilt toward the boat, head
on. It somewhat rcsembled two fishes
closely united. His curiosirty being
excited he worked his way alongside,
and discovered a huge sturgeon lying
on his back, and through one Of its
gills n smaller fish had worked his
way. 1t Is supposed the larger fish
had attempted to swallow the smaller
one, which in its Intellectual struggles
against such n fate had worked its
body into one of the gills, leaving the
remainder of the fish sticking out of
the surgeons mouth. The sturgeon
was evidently drowning in its own
element, and heavy strokes from an
oar only succeeded in exciting several
death throes, when 1t sunk to the bot
tom. Our informant had not antici-
pated sucha catastrophe, having intend
ed to hook on to him, and bring the
creature up home as a trophy Of his
angling.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19

The Senate 10 still numbering the eumbsr-
some Congressional Globe with the cum
bersome name Of Mrs. Abraham Lincoln,
alias Mrs. Clarke, alias odd Close" That
grave body il still engaged in vain attempts
70 give "relief" to this martyred copsort,
who 10 now drinking lager n eating saur.
kraut in solitary widswhood on tho banks Of
tho Rhine.
The above scurvy extract is from the
Omaha Herald, q Democratic news
paper. There are some Germans in
Gold Hill and Virginia City, and right
good, honest fellows they are; but
how do they like the above picture
and vile SANDER against the wife OF a
deceased President Of the United
States, a martyr to human freedom
and liberty, and who is living on the
Rhine, among the big-hearted people
of that country, known among intelli-
gent nations a. one Of Gods best Sec
tons Of the world? The Omaha
Herald Is the leading Democratic organ
In Nebraska.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-04-19
TERRIBLE TRAGEDY NEAR
COUNCIL BLUFFS.
A Boy Defendiug His Father Instantly
Knit n Mnn Mlth nm Adze.

hlILS u NUN Nv u LAoLCs
4 terrible tragedy occurred at Coun-
Gil Bluffs on Saturday night last, which
created intense excitement throughout
the town and neighborhood. Two
men named Futcher, father and son,
were on their way home, about six
miles into the country, when they
stopped at a cooper shop near Hady's
Brewery to get q barrel. Here they
found several men engaged in a carou-
sal after the work OF the week was
over, and some of them were already
the worse for liquor. The men seemed
irritated at the interruption occasioned
by the butchers, and made a sudden
and desperate attack upon the old
man, bruising and pounding him
badly. The son, l6 years Of age, i'm
PEELED by o natural instinct, enlisted
In his fathers defense, seized an adze,
and with it struck the most formidable
assailant a blow which severed two Of
his ribs, reached his vitals, and laid
him in an instant dead at their feet.
Horror seized upon and sobered the
entire party. The revel ended in a
manner little anticipated, when they
shut themselves up for q debauch. 4
guest unlimited had turned their wine
into blood, and their flushed cheeks to
ghostly pallor. One Of their number
had passed into the regions Of the dead,
and q young nan a stranger to deeds
of violence, was stained with the blood
of a fellow creature. As soon as the
facts were known the butchers were
arrested. On Sunday morning a Cor
oner's inquest was held, when facts
were elected rs above stated, and the
prisoners discharged.-0maha Herald,
Aprii -.