davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

The Port Hope Canadian says that 4
couple residing in the rural districts, no
far from town, were engaged to be mar
ricd, and were ''called' three times in one
Of the town churches. On the day ap.
pointed for the celebration Of the ccrcmo
ny which was to make this twain ont
aesh," the happy couple came to tow-
arrayed in all the glory Of new store
clothes, bringing with them brother oil
the bridegroom, who was to officiate as
''best man." and who, the result proved
was fully entitled to the character. Leav.
ing the blushing damsel in charge Of his
brother, the intended husband adjourned
to a bar.room to get something hot' to
cheer his spirit under the trying ordeal
through which he was to pass. Here he
met some friends, and. amid the congrat.
ulations with which he was overwhelmed,
partook Of more than was necessary for
the purpose of elevating his courage to
the proper point, and soon became obliyi-
Gus to all sublunary matters, wedding
party, bride, prospective domestic bliss,
and all. After waiting reasonable time
Cor his reappcarance, his alIianced and the
rest Of the party grew uneasy, and finally
aa expedition was organized to go in
search Of him. They discovered him in
the tavern, in comatose condition, and
reported that fact in the proper quarter.
The bride bor, up bravely under this
trial, declaring that she didn't care cent,
he was a good for>pothins. drunken
wretch, and she was glad to get clear Of
him. Moreover, she was not going to be
humbugged that way out Of getting a
husband; she came to town to lie married,
and married she was determined to be-
to the first Ian that would take her.
Rather than see the girl disappointed
absut trihe like that, the brother, who
came to do tie "best man" business, vol
unteered to be her victim himself. The
bargain was soon made, and off he started
Tor license, returning in short time,
when they we're married and started for
home, leaving the other individual to en-
JOY his little spree as lest he could. The
affair has created no little talk and much
mcrriment among those acquainted with
the facts, and the intended husband is now
having a rough time among the wags.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
A CARD.

DR.. j. HUNT late Of syracuse. New York. re-
spectfuiiy nforms the people OF Mc0regor and yiein
ity that hs has opened an ON 70 In Church Ridwels
block where His have their Dentistry Establish
ment. DR. HUN il an old practitioner. lie can be
found day and night at bis office except when proes
sonall- absent. All who wish to be treated upon
PURE Homeopathic principles Will please call him
All fcmale or Chronic successfully.
Me1rsSor, Iowa. land :cd. 1859. eS:tf
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
HIKADHR CARDS.

Or. A. b. HANNA, Physician and Surgeon. All
calls promptly attended to. Elkader, Iowa. 600
DIV. CHASE, ". D., corAer Main and High
Streets, Elkuder. 687
r. SNEDIGAR 4 SONS. dealers in Hardware
Stoves and Tinware. Agricultural Implements
Crockery aud Glassware, Elkader. CS7
v. BALLER, dealer in General Merchandise
Hardware, Drugs 4 N edicines, Elkader. 6s7
r.DBAYLEss d. CO., dealers in Drugs and Msai.
cines, Fancy Goods and sundries, Elkader. 6s7
P.GARA0HTY, dealr: in Harness, Saddles Bri-
dies &c. Ca,h paid for Hides ut highest mar ket
prices. Elkader. 6s7
PRICE COOK, Attorneys and Counsclors at Law,
and Real Estate Agents. EIkader, Iowa.
Pay Taxes, Examine Titles and practice in the
Courts Of the 10th Judicial District, and Supreme
Court of Iowa.
ST. WOODWARD, Attorney at Law, EIkader.
Iowa. s.s4 6S7
A.w. DAUaHERTYA co, dealers in Dry Goods,
Groceries and General Merchandise, Highest Mar
ket Prices paid for Produce, Eikader. Iowa. eS7
KALrRNBACH, Watch Maker, dea Ter in Jewl.
cry, Clocks, Watches, Dry Goods &C., Elkader Iowa.
DIR. J.w. STOUT. once opposite A. W. Daugherty
Co.'S Store. Elkader, Iowa,
W. A. WHITNEY, dealer in Iron, Hardware.
Stoves. Tnware aud Agricultural Tools, Ac., Elka-
der, Iowa.
YOUNG & COOK, Attorneys at Law. ONCE over
G. RyaRs Store opposite the Boardnlan House. Elka-
der, Iowa, will practice In the 10th Judicial District,
and in the Supreme Court Of the State Of Iowa.
Special attention paid to collections OF all kinds.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
Preaching for Pay.

The N. Y. Tim. -, in an article on cler-
gymen's salaries, says:
"There is 4 wrong principle Of compea-
sation for moral workers. Here, for
instance, young man, thoroughly train
ed as thinker, speaker, and scholar, enters
a country parish as clergyman. The
church trustees oif,r him salary which
is, perhaps, one half what he could earn
at any similar secular labor. Tie power
of his profession is, that, to n certain ex-
tent it is dsintercsted. At all events, he
does not care to haggle about payment.
| lie has Il young mans enthusiasm and
/ Indifference to acquisition of property.
The principle Of the vestry is to get tho
best they can at the least price.
/ "The effect Of this principle of payment
for services is clearly seen now in all our
colleges, and is most threatening in
moral point of view. The young men Of
ability and force of character will not
enter the ministry. We hear this com.
plant from every side. 1t is perfectly
natural. 1t is all very we'll to call upon
the clergy to be 'disinterested but n
young man of spirit and talent, who is
conscious that his work is of some value.
does not care to put himself at the mercy
Of selfish vestrics and consistories, who
arc determined to get the best from him
at the least pay"
We suppose, that, according to the
operation Of laws which canrot be set
aside, "moral workers can never become
a money making class. God would not
set before his servants a bribe for duty
But in the vast majority of cases, our
churches need constant spurrins to make
them even approximate justice in their
pecuniary relations to the pastor. And
We think much harm is unconsciously
done by much of this talk about 'disin.
terestedne>s' mentioned by the Times. II
is part OF sel!-respect to demand some
thing like decent pay for ones services,
even when these services are '.labors OF
love-" A parish which treats its minister
as # he were mean'spirited is helping to
make him such.
PREAcnIsc ron NoToRIEry.-The same
ljournal says:
An Iowa minister made the very
intelligent remark, in recent sermon,
that the Bible was the most important
work that had yet been published in the
United States. 1t is to be hoped that
this advertisement Of the work in ques-
tion will attract the notice Of some of our
New York ministers, who, down to this
moment, never have heard of any other
Bible than the newspapers. LIE. any one
read the reports of the Sundays discourse
es, as given in Monda's paper, and he will
find that half Of them are al coptandum
attempts to catch notoriety-me froth
and windbass, or, still worse, deliberate
panderings to the most selfish instincts Of
humanity"
1t would be well for journalists to dis
courage svch clcrgymen by not reporting
their foolish struggles for notoriety. There
is nothing surer to extinguish ambitious
folly than severe letting-alonc
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
CITY HOTEL
THOMAS

Real Estate Broker and General Agent, Conveyancer,
Notary Public and Commissioner If Deeds, &c. tor
the Northwestern States. Win attend to the pnr.
chase and sale Of Farm Ian City Property Stocks.
&c.. &c.
Once in Auction Store. Main Street, MsGrcGor,
Iowa $3.50 LICENSED AUCTIONELR.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
Curtain Lecture.

Been out all night again. Id like to
know where you keep yourself till this
time in the morning it's not ten minutes
since / heard the clock strike four. You
didn't hear it. No, of course not. You
wouldn't hear the last trumsct-thc noise
would have to travel through an acre Of
German beer before it would get to yorr
hearing Had to 20 up among your Ger
man friends. Had to go Id like to know
how you had to go. Some folks are dread
fnl willing to had to ~.
Yes. | know it is coming on election
| time; that's a good excuse to get away
from your family and home. wish there
was no election in the country--it would
be much better off if we had none. What
did you do all night long? Who did you
elect? Who did you see Theatre and
dance. Now turn over here.
Oh, Lord am in hop yard or dis
tillery, or where am +? What have YOU
GOT outside Of you? Didn't drink much
for its coming out all over you, and how
it smells You danced, did you? You
must have cut Il pretty fgurc-guess it
was lager beer reel. Do you think I'll
stand this going off to dance all nighto
I'll bet she was as ugly as pumpkin with
two holes in it.
Look here, you needn't pretend sleep,
want to have little domestic conversation
with you. I'm your better half, and your
better half proposes to discuss matters q
little. LATE! How do you know its late?
It's early enough to give you piece of
woman's tongue. 7onyucy! Yes, l am
songuey-that's part Of woman's prero-.
ative, and I'm going to use some of it on
you. Letyou alone! Did you say that to
the girl you danced with? Oh, no moth.
ing of the sort--it was, Miss, shall have
the pleasure Of your beautiful person for
the next cotillion7 l wish could see
her-Id take some Of the beautiful out of
her at jerk?
Cantyet 20 peace! Yes, you en- have
plenty OF it--go to the theatre; 90 cleo
tionecring; dance with the Dutch girls till
morning; and come home and III give YOU
peace by the long measurc-I'll give YOU
a piece Of my mind
Come back here; where arc you going?
Get into another bed? No. exactly: this
has been large enough for two heretofore :
and 1t has not grown any smaller lately.
You danced, did youo Id like to see YOU
dance with me. I'm too old, 'spose--I
amt too old to give you fits.'
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

IT is now stated in New Hampshire that
the robins do not 90 South in winter.
A few years ago, two men crossing the
Sandwich mountains, discovered deep
valley, and approaching it, found it clothed
with hemiock, spruce, 6r, and tamarack.
growing SO near together that it was with
difficulty they could make headway be-
tween them. Before they came to this
growth the snow was over foot in depth
after entering it was not six inches, the
residue lying on the tops Of the low trees,
making quite roof and excluding much
of the light Of day. After making their
way few rods they were surprised to End
the place an extensive robin ''roost, y
occupied by thousands, and 70 thiekly
were they congreg ted that they might
have killed numbers with their walking
sticks in crossing the premises from soath
t, north, about thirty rods.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

Corner Vine and Elm Sts.. Meat Union, Iswa, H. J.
Ingersoll. Proprietor. Good stabIing aud charges
moderate Stages ging east, west, North and sosth.
call aud leave with passengers morning and evening.
y5S2
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
Population Of the States.

reputation OF the states.
The following estimate of the population
Of each one Of the States has been pre-
pared in one of the exc :utivc departments
by ore Of its most careful statisticians,
who has given special attention to the
statistics of population
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

<<cVs q =. HOT GUNS. Rides, ,Revolvels.
Pistols, Game Bags, flnsks,
~ Cartridges. Powder. Shot. Lead,
Caps, Gun-wads, Cutlery. &C.,
near National Rank, Mct;regor:
Iowa. Anticipating Of all kiads belonging to the
gun and iocksmith line done promptly.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

Rev. Billings clapp, Of Eufeld, Me-.
has three children under Eve years Of age,
lie is 50 years old aud his wife IS rpi
quito so,
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
Something Wrong.

Something Wrong.
Of course there is, and has been ever
since the radical party secured power.
Sixty thousand sewing women arc out OF
employment in New York. and cannot
even get shirts to stitch at a shilling
apiece. In the meantime, the parish of
Plymouth church increases Beecher's sal.
airy to $50, 100 year, and radical philan-
tbropists have raised $4,000 to give the
widow Stanton. And the poor miserable
thieves who expect to live Off Of the hard
earnings of the people, give Grant sl0o-
OOO, Sherman fine house, Gen. Thomas
$4,000, and so on, instances without
number, and erpect the people to pay
salary Of $1,000 up to S25, 1000 to these
same officers in order that they may keep
up style betting the houses they have
received. There is something radically
wrong. A congressman is elected poor.
Some railroad grant is wanted. 1t is vo-
ted. The congressman comes home in
few years, and 10 and behold he has ten,
twenty Eve, fifty and perhaps one hun
dred thousand dollars Of railroad stock,
and perhaps goes to banking and lives
high the rest Of his days. Is thero not
something woefully wrong, and should tho
people not take this matter in hand, ard
demand a reform? Let Us not live quite
so fast, but moro honestly. Let the de-
velopcmert of tho country suggest the
improvements, and not tax the people to
death to build up hot.bcd enterprises and
entail monopoies upon them from which
they never can free themselves. Rurlinq-
ton Gazette and Argus.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
A Nice Country for Sportsmen.

We find the following in the Larami'
Daily Sentinel Of the 4th instant:
"'rhe hunting sport in this region beats
Gordon Cummings stories about Central
Africa. Two boys went out with only six
traps, and in ten days caught seventy bea'
yer, twelve martin. five fishers and several
foxes. Another friend of ours. AL. IIous
ton, killed twenty three large elk in five
hours, "A short time ago, within few miles
of this city. The whole country is cover
ed with antelope like sheep pasture, ami
herds Of elk, often numbering several
hundreds, are met with every day"
And this: "The weather here beats
'Sunry Italy all hollow for the last two
weeks. We have not bad storm during
all that time, and scarce cloud to be
sssn, while tbs snow capped mountains
all around ss look in clear blue atmos-
phere as though it would only be morn.
ing walk to climb their rugged sides, and
stand upon their eternal SHOWS. We DON,
think that for grandeur of scenery, beauty
and salubrity Of climate, there is place
equal to this Laramie Valley"
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
The Tiuue5.

WV ON~~V~"~
McGREGoR, CLAYTON COUNTY, IOWA.
4. P. RICHARDSON. JOHN H. AHDRIck
One Copy, for ono year Sc. 90 in advance.
RATES OF ADVERTISING:
Space. 1w cw aw sm | en- VI
Isq"ars 81 50 s. 50 - 50 IS SO s. so sl2 O
2squnre. $50 50 $50 1901 10 co l5 o.
3squarcs I 900 4ooI 90 10 90 IS % 20 o.
n col. 80 100 Is 90 rs 90 40 90 70 o.
column IA 90 IS % Is % 40 20 70 90 l25 o
lines Of Nonpareil make square. Blu .iness card
OF lines 81 per snnum; caeh additional line so cts
On. BERRY,
Attorney at Law, Cresco, Iowa. 03S
THOMAS UPDEGRAxF,
Attorney at Law, (4o.) Mc0REGoR, IOWA
EL1JAH oDELI.
Attorney and Counsellor at Law, McGREG OR, low
&c. HoxsIE,
Justice Of tho Peace. Office with T. Updcgran.
DOUGLAS LEFFINGwELL.
Attorney at Law Mcdresor, Iowa. oheo in Banl
UNION HOUSE,
MAIN STREEr,...--.."....-... Mc0 REGOR. IOWA
B:y II. FaEsE. Proprietor.
wINNESHEIK H0UsE.
Decorah, Iowa. General Stage Office
JOHN SHAW, Proprietor. see
McGREGoR HOUSE.
Brssius 1 Hellberg. Props. (66e) McGregor. Iowa.
q. HoLLINGSw0RTH.
Physician and Surgeon, National, Iowa. All calls
promptly attended to.
e. G. AMBLzR,
Attorney at Lew. calmar, Iowa VIII pra,tieein
the Courts Of the State. 6lS
"oUR HOUSE,"
Late Mason House, Menona. Iowa. Rehtted and
GAS WILLIAMS WISE, proprietor..
II. Drummer M. D.
once; Bank Corner, Smiths Block up stsirs
A. J. JORDAN
Attorney at Law ,(ofice in Bank Dlock)
e3s McGREGO OR, IOWA.
R.Noble. L.o Hatch. @. Henry Frese.
NOBLE, HATCH & FRESE,
Attorneys at Law, McG REGoR, IOWA. G3s
DIR. ANDRos.
hysician and Surgeon. Residence ever Peterson
Office in Bank Block. $500
-------------
r H5nRRARn 4 CO
jewelers. and dealers in Musical Instruments. Main
street, (49D McGREGOR, IOWA.
NATIONAL HOTEL
Postville, Iowa. General Stage Office. c. VanIIcoscr,
Proprietor. JO3
JAMES DAVIS,
Sheriff Of Clayton County. once with + Updcsraff.
two doors below the Bank, Mca.sgor. Iowa. ''s
GEO. Z. BASS.
Commission. Storage and Forwarding Business, Pull
lie Square, MciKEGOR, IOWA.
WHITE SPRINGS HOUSE,
West MeGreger, Iowa. J.R. C0vEY. Proprietor.
Farmers will ITO well to try tho accommodation Ut
this house. Good Sheds for Stock. 6SS
PHI. Larkin. I. Carrall.
LARKIN & CARRALL,
ol wagons, SItIkhs. SctuerS, PIoNs
and iorse Shoeing done to order and General Black
snithing.
lyCSy yOLGA CITY IOWA
q. EIENSEL,
tnrer of best latest sty lea Of Wagons,
Carriages and Sleghs. Repairing done well, prompt
ly and durably. Clayton, Iowa. $50
LOUIS M, ANDRICK,
Attorney at Law, RsyLo'ds Block. Entrance be-
tween l46 and LIS Dearborn St,cc,, aso On Madison
street and Custom House iP. o. place, CHICAGO.
BOARDMAN HOUSE,
Late Washingtonl
Elkader. Iowa. Lafayette Bigslow, Proprietor.
Good Stabling. 5GQ
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
BoARDMAN HOUSE,

Attorney at Law, ReyLo'd's Block. Entrance
tween lac and LIS Dearborn St,ec,, also On Mnlis
street and Custom House iP. o. place, CHICAGO
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

Main Street. Mct:regor. Iowa. A desirable home for
the travelling public, with good barns and Sheds at
he'd for the safe protection oi horses and wagons
Az NJ. MURRAY, Proprietor.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

@VxX2N 06A0s 4OwAs
JOHN LUTHER q Bro mauuaets tsrers Of wag.
ons, Seighs and Cutters.
FLICK 4 BRO, dealers in Dry Goods Groceries,
etc etc. Forwarding and Commission Merchants.
ami preprietors sf the Gutenberg Flour Mills.
CRAWFORD HOUSE. near Steamboat Landing
NJ. Crawford, Proprietor.
WM. SULLIVAN, dealer in Dry Goods. Groceries,
and Forwarding and Com mission Merchant.
JEFFERSON HOTEL, Schiller street, between lat
and I'd streets, Henry Thaman, Proprietor. A5-Ths
House has large yard and good stabliag attached.
WASHINGTON HOUSE, near Steamboat Landing.
II. II. Fresc, Proprietor. Good stabling attached.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02

How To co TO BED IN FREEZING WIN
TER TIME.-Do it in hurry if there is no
Gre in the room, and there ought not to
be unless you are an invalid.
But if person is not in good hea tn it
is best to undress by good fire warm
and dry the feet well draw on the stock
ings again run into room without fire
jump into bed, cuddle up, with head and
ears under cover for a minute or more
until you feel a little warmth then un-
cover your head; next draw of your
stockings, straiShten out, turn over on
your right side and go to sleep.
If sense Of chillness comes over you
on getting into bed it will always do an
injury, and repetition increases tho i'll
effects, without having any tendency to
"harden" you. Nature ahhors violence.
We are never shocked into health. Hard
usage makes no garments last longer
DR.. Hall.
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
MURRAY HOUSE,

(Late Washingtone
Elkader. Iowa. Lafayette Bigslow, Proprietor
Good Stablng 5GQ
North Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1867-current, 1870-02-02
q. HENSEI.
,oUIS M. ANDRICK,

Manufacturer of best ana latest styles OF Wagons,
Carriages and Sleighs. Repairing doue well, prompt
ly and duraby. Clayton, Iowa. go
The New York herald., 1870-09-16
SLAUGHTER OF GARDE MOBILE
AT WTRY.

The Journal de la Marne thus relates the disaster
which overlook the town Of vitry. 1t was at first
intended to defend the town. but at the moment the
Prussans arrived 1t was decided to send the Mobile
to Chateau Therry The guns were spiked and
thrown into the ditch.
the Prussians. always well informed by means
OF their spies, got wind OF what was passing,
and Immediately made their appearance before the
tSwn tSs Instead 2r EsmalHing compact and united,
portion determined to follow the plan decided on.
The other portion, composed OF men from Sainte
Menehoud, endeavored to regain that place. On
the road they were attacked by body OF PrussiaI
troops, and flung themselves into the woods tC
escape the cavalry, From this shelter they were
driven by the infantry, and again fell into the
clutches OF the cavalry.
A frIghtful scene followed. Overpowered by num-
bers, deprived OF ammunition, little used to the
handling OF arms the Mobiles demanded to sur
render, but the Prussans refused to recognize them
as soldiers, and massacred them at pleasure. Even
those covered with wounds were wOntOnly hacked.
Some fifty Mobiles mad been treated Ill this manner
when several persons proved to the commander OF
the detachment that the Mobiles were soldiers.
The massacre then ceased.
The New York herald., 1870-09-16
THE BLOOMFIELD IN. J.) FIEND.

Ihe HERALD has already published the confession
OF Keziah Hinton, the colored servant of DR.. Angus
tus w. Mcdowell, of Bloomfield, N. j., who first
nred her masters barn, then poisoned his family
and robbed his slverware. Yesterday she was again
examined before Justice Dean, of Newark In the
presence OF Drs. Osborn and Mcdowell. She re.
tracted her former statement and stated that her
first confession was entirely false; that
Jacob Clark, her paramount whom she had
charged with being her accOmplice and
adviser, was entirely guiltless; that he Knew
nothing whatever OF her acts. She seems to be per
fecty selfDossessed not realizing the enorInity or
her Offences Jacob Clark also had hearing before
Justice Dean, and was exceedingly communicative
not hesitatlng for moment In his answers re
acknowledges his criminal intercourse with Keziah
but denies emphaticaily any completely LII the moi,
s0ning or burning.
AT one O'Clock yesterday afternoon Keziah Hinton
was sent to the County jail on two commitments
Tor poisoning and for arson Jacob Clark on hIy
own confession, was committed 10 the County Jail
on the charge OF l0rnicatton, where he Will be in
readiness In case any developments NAV nnIlcata
MN WIN hezah In the commission OF her crimes
The New York herald., 1870-09-16
MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS.

Meeting of the Board of AIdermen-COm.
missioner Tweed in Opposition to the Gas
Burner Swindle.
The Board Of Aldermen met yesterday afternoon
pursuant to CALL with the President, Alderman Co.
man the Chair. large amount Of routine business
was disposed Of after which a communication was
received from Mayor Hall in relation to making pre-.
paratlon for o fitting reception for the remains
OF Admiral Farragut The communication will be
found elsewhere. On notion o committee was ap-
pointed, consisting Of Aldermen Jerome, Hart,
Cuddy, Welch and irving to make the necessary ar
rangements.
communication was received from Commits
sioner Tweed, Of the Department Of Public W orks,
THAT GAS BURNER
and reflector arrangement Commissioner Tweed
stated that he had received the resolution directing
the attachment Of the Cremin Patent Gas Burner 70
all the public lamps OF the city, at an expense Of
fifteen dollars for each lamp; that IN his opinion there
was no legal warrant for the adoption OF this
resolution, and that there was no law which
could authorize such expenditures; that he was not
in possession OF any fund by which he would be
able TO carry out the intention Of the resolution and
that the objections to 1t had been fully stated the
Mayors communication heretofore sent to the Com
mon Council, and therefore needed no repetition by
him. The communication was laid over, and the
Board adjourned.