Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1870-11-24
AcnICUITu1AE.
Clements, and how to Use Them.

Cemen0, ana now 70 U0e Inem.
A great deal has been written concern
ing diferent eements. and indeed our pc
riodcais are full Of recipes on this subject.
But tsays the English XecAanic), 1t win be
found that the Information given Is rather
Ia regard to the materials used In
compromising these cements, than in re-
gard 10 the manner Of using them. Aud II
is unquestionably true that quite as much
depends upon the manner in which ce
ment i applied rs upon the cement itself.
The best cement that ever was compound
ed would prove entirely worthless If i'm
properly applied. We have hundreds OF
recipes for giues, pastcs, any cements OF
different kinds, and yet the public is con-
stantiy on the qni rire for new ones. and
no more acceptable recipe can be sent TO
our popular journals than one Tor Lew &C.
ment. Now the truth h. that we have ce-
ments which answer every reasonable de
mand, when they are properly prepared
and properly used. Good common glue
will unite two pieces OF wood SO firmly
that the fibres will part from each other
rather than from the ccmenting material;
two pieces Of glass can be 50 Joined that
they will part anywhere rather than on the
line OF union; glass can be united TO metal,
metal to metal stone TO stone, and all SO
strongly that the joint will certainly not
he the weakest part OF the resulting mass.
What are the rules to be observed in effect
ing thisf
This first point that demands attention
IS to bring the cement itself into intimate
contact with the surface To be united. II
glue Is employed. the surface should be
made 50 warm thst the melted glue will
not be chilled be fore IL has time TO effect
thorough adhesion. The same is more
H.
are used in fused state, such A. mixtures
OF resin, shellsc. and similar materials.
These matters will not adhere 10 any sub
stance unless the latter has been heated To
nearly or quite the fGsing point of the &C.
Inent used. The fact was quite familiar 10
those who used sealing wax in old days.
W hen the seal was used rapidly, to
become heated, the sealing WAX stuck to 1t
with a nrmness tina; was annoy ing-so
much so that the impression was. in gener-
al, destroy ed from the simple fact the
scaling wax would rather part I'm its own
substance than at the point of adhesion to
the stamp. Scaling wax, or ordinary cleo
trical cement is very good agent for unit
ing metal ID glass or stone, provided the
masses 10 be united are made so hot a. TO
fuse the cement, but If the cement is ap-
piled 10 them while they are cold. IL viii
not stick at all. This fact j. we'll known
TO those itinerant vendors OF cement for
uniting earl hernware. BY heating two
pieces OF def 30 that they Will fuse shellac.
they are able 10 smear them with little OF
this gum. and join them SO that they will
rather break AT any other par, than along
the line OF union. But although people
constantly see the operation performed.
and buy Literally OF the Gene nj. 1t will be
found that. In nine cases out OF ten the &C.
ffte nj W. In he = h.
purchasers. simply because they do not
know how Ia use H. They are afraid 10
heat delicate glass or porcelain vessel 10
Suffice nj degree, and they arc apt to use
too much or the material. and the result i
failure.
The great obstacles 10 the junction OF
any two surfaces are air and dirt. The
former Is universally present. the latter i
due 10 accident or careles,De>s. All sur
faces are covered with a thin aahcring
layer Of air. which il j. ifficuli 10 remove
aud which, although Ii may al fret sight
appear improbable. bear Ielntion 10 the
outer surface Of most bodies different from
that maintained by the air OF a few lines
away. The reality of the existence of this
adhering layer OF air il well known To all
who are familiar with electruiypc mani
pulatIoa. 1t IL also seen ia the case OF
highly polished metals, which NAV be i'm
inersed in water without becoming wet
Unless this adhering layer OF air i dis
placed. the ccnIeut cannot adhere to the
surface 10 which it j. applied simply be-
cause il cannot come into contact with Ii.
The most efficient AGENT in displains this
air j heat Metals warmed 70 a point
little above 200, become instantly and
completely wet when immersed in water.
Hence. Tor dement's that are used in fused
condition. heats j. the most efficient means