, 1870-01-23

win It 70 another bidlng.plaoe.
MOH0GRAMs.
From CAamIszs' Journal.
twisted together, 10 snat nobody can read them,
" ms % q iair dasenption @ Of noaogram accord.
ing to the received notion In this nineteenth cen-
ruIJ. Most people would be greatly astonianed TO
RraEs at al. They naJ be poi7g1nnb-out mon-
o9rams theJ are not.
The WoId monogram. as e7el one Knows. E9-
gran IS = combination ot two or more letter.
o@ensd % = IS1 70 form ~ sp&s symoo T9s
ponograms, and 80 also Is The anpersand ~
DlphthonGed lettats were probably 1tat used IN
NJ %hen yopas S1 1es 14ttsn ada ~ sae bDt
sounded together. the vo*els were kept separate;
but IN Latin Writing, some of them were joined
% deed. Ihs u medisvai M monEs em @ p!oysd % numerous @
contlacuons, come nonogEanI1auc, some not,
principally los the purpose Of saYing Labor and
uactions Is The ampeIsand. Vmc6 il pure mono-
gram Of the Latin word ct {apdh 80 contrtVed that
H. b o nIea o5 sSae s s'ks 81 5hs u
typography. the letters E can clearly be traced.
Similar eontracuona are comnon ln:Oneutal wnt-
commences with BY me help OF God' tBeesTd.h
Ta.hxn), these words are represented by pure
moEpgIam composed o. the letter. B T.
pure nonogrsn. they are not given as iiastra-
uops OF the early Use Of monograns, Or Of iotned
Bef In I ns MsneS1as es MI. Hiss3sai ana rae.ea al
gives 1t ae his opinion that such devices TOOK ther
origin from Egyptian hleroslypniea. Take, tor
Hebrews was the agn Of eec1IltJ. The origin Of
the tat. Is lost; hut some writer's assert that is
sas nj re See aes g e q rs a
upon Whlch depenns loe s9S1anGg a94 ~ ase4 az, VI
ne nhAbl!anta q AgJpl: 1a1 9Ss,na, q. nea
might hsys nSen ass q o12a !na
Trinity, that Hmp!e marx hAs peea 1aaaeo oonn
from age 70 age." .s,. =, ...,, h.,-
ne iaees o91e s,t tas mr9,sa " frnis II ts
,eIiy Old and Young, both maId5, and little chi
aTsn a9d 9se 01s W.
called the lekteS OF e. ana Amon9 NJ 1tee1 I1s
token o. ahsoouoo pecaose p!is9heas q Gu'Rta .ns
sPsred. spen ! A0'D 'Al' 'AA' = y - p'"e' '~N w ~ ~
In modern umas. lne Lame Mgn q aoaosIa1s ~ se11.
7 May te 20 caleo y aeSofaipR I y e ,hs soEe Gt
Aushonyv c.osa. 60 called beeauae ihat ealnt g. e..
Why's oore tha eeTice on aao!S iosa =, spe M
an ~ "a. sn upnader m Ss
Christian faith" ~. .ua n,,or.,, =, u~;,,uo
Ase n ia, dne Js3n qna rey ncent1 y ussd
s md aua Is
Gus examples q Joined letter. taken from early
TaeeK n,an manuscripts Inooen nooo Ho4 s'A'sS ~
JupIned psdai letters are also found On early Greek
fohsxa hes tSe ~ cnstom to stsmn Of; co,as the
~ ~ n IS thrsa ses;cr. ~ thn nsme ~ ~ n,are
of m;ntpo T6ese tetters were ali Distinct and
az de- ses IL he ster impre M
sioSs became more or less joined together, oNtng
10 IS''1 1he soliness Of tne matflx. 1t L
nnccta"nf pave rise Ia tie tcea Of sayIpQ
i,nes nv enrrar,nV The lettefs In a monoQraIu.
male form. DC this as It may, 1t d wei
Mncednn % fstAl n -, The nract,cs of Stnmnlnr
Tnnoc1ams % m cons 'Nrsf eame ,nfn vo1ue.
NATE e te 10 y an
o1n snd th,onoh INN al he reI,nrs ~
ctviI;@ed Enipore. Dacarre. In iii Ginssari,Im.
Sses ,aat pic h VIZ FIarnIa ponaa r. fron tse
ina ~ I uat:on 1hs1tnn,,1 ~ ,ba sacnnT cer-
tn1r, " do1nWa1Is Tha sacrea ~ mnnoarsm ~
tnn1fh rer,nIr Tba n1ncins, HanTaI n the
asmv nntier thsi Fcnernr snnrnrted at The sum
mir 81 me nj Se a crawn Of Rnid. enclosing the
hns,,en " enI - rt4S n,nrersn, a. cncs
rsaa,Te ~ - rhe n1ro ~ me c1ess ant ~ me mama
pnf rhrst n:,hhot5 y I1ecIlne and Fail" chanfer
X. noie,1 Tae umystertous monogram y was
~ thss fJrat fWn iettena AZ rhs WnfT
rky,.tns n totnsd ,nsethers It vas used bT
Constantine probably 81 political measure for
,e eas nn Wa. eHtentr IA snt,e OF ts
s ..nsn,t.n.. .ss- n1t ths teaand r thet thtn
Emperor taW ylslon N me aeayens com2oSed tS Sa
@ ~ M ~ ~ .%srrsH ~ ana inst ha thsn
o th9s shoi ~ NAY his conversion 10
Saoptso tals s51lpVl " A1A LID eso'eAs4oA :"
The chrtemon a said 70 be o. much more alcent
pS some met to - sSmbonse tae Esypusn dslty Jaiiis.
However TIL! may be, modern cs!tlca are q
opinion that Bl1ll2r signs were Stamped Oh Greek
standa4d, he1ore the date Of the Vtston OF Con-
gtantl1e. The cnrismou certainly appears carved
oos IN ns M Rop m MaSn
and the Inference seema 10 be that that monarch
merely brought the symbol into nore general use-
though ii did on those OF bis sons and sue.
cessoIs Barclay, II bis Aonoardms gives 1acaim-
m;le. Of Two colns Of Inc con1sahttne period, on
sbarum, and displaying the ch1ismon-
The use Of this s5mbo! was continued by iha
orally placed a. the beginning Of letters: and II
TIC Middle Ages tbesiulinR, according to Haljau.
kss A. D., the ch1iamon WIS often added 10 sgna.
efs as was the crosn after wards used By the Saxon
ktrgs This way similar to the cross Th!en !sa,a u
pre!ates TO their signatures, and TO The mark Used
by ,ii,e1atc persons.
a so8 iaey
untreQuentlJ nj the whole neld. About this
time, moIog1ar matte treatment Of nanss seeing s
Fra1ce and ltsly, ard other soveselgns,- using
moDrgrams TOT signatures. The early French
K,sss islt he Eoaos5ams % be x5ssea by sas5
hs. hiGsea. fn'l 'ls s's4. w. - M e
nencgrs1us, - ia shown by examination Of The
Tarnscnpis Of bis time The sacred monogram
% b. eon IT, ~ Il nes e y r. t5,s is
neIfotaied p!ate. as in ttsucil1lpg Of by means OF