davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1870-08-19

CnIEF MEDICAL PURvEY OR'S OFFICE, 1875 WOOSTER
~ street, New York, August ", 1870.
Proposals VIII be received this once unt 10 O'Clock
Thursday the 18th day OF September 1870 for the sale on
the the United to the bidder follow
ing articles OF Hospital BE lding and Clothing, viz.
Bedsacks, l5 500J; Buxnkets, l0.000
Counterlanes, rs, ,0r0; &. Percha Bed Covers 1000.
Mattresses heir, 300; Mosquito Bars at,0oo
Hair Pillows 6,U00; Pillow Gases, white 200o0.
Iflow Ticks, 10000; Sheets, c000U.
Drawers goo o. Dsss ce sSrs ~ Gowni i, aVo' Ia
woollen Socks $780, Towels, Hand, 1000 dozen Roller
20U dozen.
The above mentioned goods new, have never been
used believed to be In good condition. and VIII be sold
they stand -
The government viii the right to reject bids
deemed either from irresponsible parties.
No bid VIII be considered for less OF article than the
amount advertised
Samples viii any Information gwen at the
Office, No l26 Wooster street, Prince
Terms fair len til of time will be allowed 10
casers their goods Proposals to be endorsed
CHARLES SUTHERLAND,
Lieutenant Colonel Acting Chief Medical Purvoyor,
United States Army.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

our cabin. Let everything be
lone that can be done to save him
[ will pay you well for any kind
,ess 10 him Poor fellow! He
was my travelling compaoion
love him as ii he had been my
brother instead Of only my hired
attendant! Poor Jasper
The two Sicil ans lifted the
helpless from of poor young Trss
ilian, and carried it between them
toward their cottage. Jasper
Lower followed them, bewailing
his loss. The above we publish
as specimen chapter; but the
continuation Of this story will be
found only in the n Y. Ledger.
Ask for the number dated Janu-
airy It'll which can be had at any
news Office or bookstore. If yon
are not within reach OF a news
office, you can have the Ledger
mailed to you for one year ny
sending three dollars to Robert
Bonner. publisher, $50 William
street, New York.
The Ledger pays more FOL
original contributions than any
other periodical in the world. !
will publish none but the very
best. Its moral tone is thu
purest, and its circulation thu
largest. Everybody who takes i
is happier for having il.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

The Greensburg Chronicle, thus
concludes an article on the occa-
sion of Judge J. NJ WILsoN's re
siana,ion of his position.--(the
flrs. part OF which we publish on
the outside Of to-day's paper):
HE will soon enter upon his du
ties as a Representative in Con-
gress and we wish him all the
honor and glory life in the Cave
can afford. He is of the kind of
men that are needed in Congress-
we wish there were more of tfem
Overwhelmingly shysters and
demagogues are far too numerous
in that body. or one thing his
constituents may feel assured-no
Ring will ever be able to purchase
him. We have but one fear; that
is, that bis modesty will not allow
him te claim . position in the
House that his abilities will JUS
thy" asc
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
State of Hdiana,|
Wayne County, }

Lydia Pointer VS.. Jacob A. Pointer.
In the Wayne Circuit Court, February Term,
A. D. 1871.
DIvORCE: No. 2724.-Be it known,
Dthat, on this 9th day of December, 1870,
the above named Painfully William A. Bickle
Attorney, filed in the office of the Clerk
of the Wayne Civil Circuit Court, her COM
plant against said defendant, in the above
entitled cause, together with the affidavit of
competent persoD.that said defenda nj, y acob A.
Pointer, is not a resident of the State of India.
Said defendant, Jacob A. Pointer, therefore is
hereby notified of the fling and predency OF
said complaint against him, and thai unless
he appear and answer or demur thereto, at the
calling of the said cause on the second day
of the next Term of said Court, to be begun
and held at the Court House in Centreville on
the First Monday of February next. said COM
plant and the matters and things therein
contained and alledged, will be taken as true
and the said cause will be heard and deter
mined in his absence.
Witness VIM. W. Dudley, Clerk. and
FsEAL. Seal of said Court, at Centreyil.e,
this 9th day of Dece nber, 1870.
WM. w. DUDLEY, Clerk.
W. A. Bickle, Atty of Pltf. 1e-4wpf9.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
Notice.,

Is hereby given, to the stockholders OF the
Il First National Bank of Centreville, Ind,
tn at there will be an election held on Tuesday
the 10th day of January, 1871, at their Bank
ing House in Centreville, between the hours
of 10 o'clock, A. NJ. and O'Clock, ?. n. on
said day, for the purpose Of elect:ng nine Di-
rectors for said Bank for tae ensuing year, as
per order of the Board of the Sd of Decem-
Der, 1870. OLIVER I. JONES, Cnsh'r.
pisa
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
State of Indiana, J
Wavne County,

Wayne County,
Sarah T. Mendenhall, Administrative of Jas.
r. Mendenhall,
Jacob NORMAN and Fidelia his wife;
Joseph E. Pearson and Mary his wife;
Vs. Elizabeth Bear, and Henry Bear her
husband.
In the Wayne Circuit Court, February Term,
A. D. 1871. Foreclosure, No. 2721.
"E 1T KNOWN, that on the 7th day of
b December, 1870, the above naLned plain
tiff, by James Perry, her Attorney, filed in the
office of the Clerk of the Wayne Circuit
Court, his complaint against said de-
PENDANT in the above entitled cause, together
with the affidavit of competent person that
said defendants, Joseph Pearson, and Mary
Pearson his wife, are not. residents OF the
State of Indiana.
Said defendants, Joseph Z. Pearson Mary
Pearson his wife, therefore, are hereby notified
of the filing and pendency of said complaint
against them, and that, unless they appear
and answer or demur thereto, at the calling
of the said cause on the second day of the
next term of said Court, to be begun and
held at the Court 10nse in Centreville. on
the first Monday of February next, said com
plant and the matters and things therein
contained and alledged, will be taken as true
and the said cause will be heard and determ-
ined in their absence.
Witness the Clerk, and the Seal
fsEAL.l of said Court. at Centreville,
this 9TH day ofDecember, 1870.
WIN. W. DUDLEY, Clerk.
g James Perry Atty of Plffs. 3l4t-pf So.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

HENRY WARD BEEcHBB's church
has a total membership Of 1882.
of which number l,210 are women.
For mnsic the church pays sc, 600.
divided - follows: Director.
1000; tenor, $1,000; soprano,
5000; alto, $500; organist 81, 500.
The paw rents amount to $50, 900.
HoN. ALEX. II. CoNNoR, Chair
man Of the Republican State Cen
trail Committee Of Indiana, has
been appointed by the President,
Governor Of idaho. Good appoint
ment. Hurrah for Ham.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
ITS EDITORIAL STAFF

lis Ed ORlAL > Ar +
comprises the Best Talent in the land. For
| xample it's Depai tment of Sheep Husband
" is edited by the Hon. Henry >. Ranoaii,
ilu.hor of "The Practical Shepherd and
Their sta ndard works; X. A. Willard, A. NJ
ne best authority thereupon. Among the
recent accessions to lis previously superior
Editorial Staff, A. 5 Fuller, (late OF
Iearth and Home, author OF several able ana
popular works on Horticulture, etc, as As
sociaie Editor; T. Hart Hyatt of California,
Editor of Pacific Coast Department; G. V.
'ailes, Estate Entomologist of Mo- as Ento-
theological Editor! and Gen. ). ID Harris, tor
many years past Proprietor and Senior Edi-
tor of the Ohio Farmer, as Corresponding
Editor.
The great Enlargement of tie RURAL, last
year, has rendered it necessary, for convini-
ence of handling and reading when bound, to
publish
TWO VOLUMES A YEAR
Commencing January and July. Each of the
Semi Annual Volumes contains as much
Reading, and more and better illustrations,
than we formerly gave in whole year!-and
d, uJle what most Of the eight-page weekles
of the same class furnish.
ITS ILLUSTRATIONS
Are Numerous Bea liiful and varied. Indeed,
the RURAL has no Rival IN its Sphere-is une-
uualed as an lliussrat e Rural aud Fam
iiy Newspaper. Though double its former
size,-now conta ming Sixteen Large Pages,
of Five Columns Each, weekly,-the RURAL
is still furnished at its former price
It's MARKET and CROP REPORTS
Are full and reliable. Remember that it is
not a monthly, hut the Largest, Cheapest
aud Best Illustrated Weekly and
that it comprises, in one, greater variety
of Reading, Choice Eng'avings, &C., than is
given in half dozen ordinary papers.
~ Next to your local parer, MOORE $
RURAL is the one for Yourself, Family and
Friends.
TERMS, INDUCEMENTS. Etc.
TERMS:-s3 Year of 81 Numbers, and
only So. so in Clubs OF Ten. This Quarter s
l3 Numbers sent FREE to all who sub
scribe for 1877 on or before Christmas, 1870
Our Club Inducements for 1871 are unpre-
cedented. Specimens, Premium Lists, &c.
sent free to all forming Clubs,-and we want
u live Club Agent in every Town. Address
ID. ID. T. MOORE,
4IPark Row, New York
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
TRE8SIJIAN COURT
OR,
The Baronet 8 Son.
nv MRS. HARRIET LEWIS.

Author Of .sThe Double Life.,' 'sThe
Bailif's Science Ss'rhe Sundered
Hearts,~ '.The Lady of Kiidare.o
"a Life mt StaiSe.', .sThe House o.
Secrets,'' etc. etc.. etc.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
GRAND BALL.
(THE FIRST OF THE SEASON,)
FOR THE
Ne :" g "a |!

The Iron Molde-s of this city, purpose
giving Grand Ball tt Lyceum Hall, on
Monday evening, Jan. 2, 1871.
Music for the occasion. by ZACk's un-
rivaled and favorite Quadrille Band.
a cordial invitation is extended to all
" no love to trip the Ii ht fantastic toe.''
Neither pains or expense have been
spared by the committee Of arrange
ments, to maze this Ball a complete
success.
A Silver Goblet will be awarded to
the best Lazy Walter.
OJPrice of Tickets, LOO. Admit
lance to the Gallery, 25 cents.
BY order of the Committee.
J. Ii. BLAKELY, Sec'y.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
State Of Mdiona,)
Wayne County, J
LenOra Mcclure vs.. James Mcclure
In the Wayne Circuit Court,
Eahrua Tarpn A n 1871

In the Wayne Circuit Court,
February Term, A. D. 1871,
DIVORCE: No. 27I9.-Be it known,
II that on this 5th day of December. 87O'
the above named plaintiff. by Bickle Woods
Attorneys, filed in the office of the Clerk OF
the w avn Circuit Court, her COM
plant against said drfendant in the above en-
titled cause, together with the affidavit of
competent person that said defendant, James
Mcclure, is not a resident of the State of In
ma. Said defendant, Jas Mcclure, therefore
is hereby notified of the filing and tendency
of said complaint against him, and that, un-
less ne appear and answer or demur thereto,
at the calling of the said cause. on the second
day of the next Term of said Court, to be be-
gun and held at the Court House in Centre
vile, on the First Monday of February next,
said complaint and the matters and things
therein contained and alleged, viii be taken al
true and the said cause will be heard and de-
termined in his absence.
Witness VIM. w. Dudley. Clerk, and
TsEAL.l Seal of said Court. at Centrevil'e,
this 9th day of Dec, 1870.
VIM. W. DUDLEY, Clerk.
Bickle & Woods, Att'ys of Plt'f. 3s:ltpfS
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

WAS CURED OF DEAFNESS AND
CATARRH by a simple remedy and VIII
send the receipt free.
MRS. NJ. C. LEGGETT Jersey City, N. y.
4w
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
Notice of Distribution to
Heirs.

~ Office is hereby given, that, at the Sep
~ TENDER term, 1870, of the Court of Com
mon Pleas OF Wayne County, Indiana, after
final settlement of the Estate of Joseph
Shank, deceased, nine hundred and ffty-three
dollars and sixteen cents were found remain
ing for distribution among the heirs. Said
leirs are therefore notified to appear at the
next term January term, 1871 of said court
and redeive their distrbutive share.
Witness my name and the
(sEAL.I Seal of said Court, at Centrevllie,
this 7th day of December, 1870.
WIN. w. DUDLEY, Clerk.
Dec. 10th, 1870. 39-3w$3.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

\ WATCH FREE for everybody and $50
"A per day sure. Business light and Hon
orable No Gift enterprise. No humbug.
Address R. Monroe Kennedy, Pittsburg, Pa.
4w
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
MAKE NANCY y; ':.: =, !: ;;: :::

Du6NuvN uUVVSGNV, a feIiable Wan
or Woman to act as Local Agent for HkSRY
WARD BEECHER's Great Religious Weekly
Eight numbers, with HARRIET BsEcHRR
STowK's new Story, and superb IS Steel
Engraving GIVEN AWAY. Many now maxim z
$40 to $50 per day in cash. Sample copies
FREE. Address J. B. FORD q CO., 3S Park
Row, N. Y.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31
a CHRISTMAS GIFT to all Yearly

4 CHRISTMAS GIFT to all Yearly
~ Subscribers to APpleton's Jour
nal, published Weekly. Two Months Sub
scription GRATIS The Months OF No sm 1,ae
scribers RENTING 81 for the year s7l.
Any one DESTROYS of making trial OF the
JOURNAL to see whether they like 1t, can
have it for TN G MONTHS on renting
P1cTUREsouE AMERICA, consisting of spleu-
didly executed view. of American Scenery,
commenced in November. d. APPLETON q
Co.. Publishers, New York.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

~ash for PrOduce.--STRENE Elk
u BRAYTON, 70 Barclay St, New 1ork,
Commission Merchants for the sale OF Po"
try, Game, Butter, Cheese, Eggs, and an MINUS .!
Country Produce, Weekly prices current
and marking plates free to shippers. FIRST
class references furnished.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

&AE A Week Salary !-Young
SDSoD men wanted as local and travel
ing statesmen. Address with stamp X. d.
WALKER, "a Park Row, N. Y.
The Richmond palladium. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1855-1875, 1870-12-31

NEm Persons to successfully canvass
hvUl for Premiums we offer, and re-
ceive q $25 Waltham Watch for
yourself. Address People'e Weekly,
UD DAYTON, o.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1870-02-25
SUPREME JUDICIAL coUnr.
York County, Jan. Term, 1870
TArIEr. J., rhnIpISo.
oYYIcERs IN ATTENDANCE.


Sheriff, RICHARD II. Goprxa. ABSEn Mrrcn.
I'LL, Crier. Deputy Sheriifs, THOMAS TARBox
d. w. c. MERRILL, A. w. Mason, q. DuRaN
Messenger. 0rB c. Li1LxrIELD. J. d. PusI
FER, Stenographer. UNIT
Mary Ann Cooper In equity vs.. John Z. Smith 81
This bill was brought TO obtain title 10 certain
real estate which the pl. had set on rs the proper
~ Of the defendant smith, to satisfy Judgment OBJ
tanned against him, although the property WA
never In his NAME The statutes provide that while
payment is made for property conveyed 70 mar.
may be taken rs the property Of her husband - pay
his debts contracted before such purchase. IL up.
pears that In October, 1869, the de, smith, hired Of
piE $40, for which he gave his note; In "a smith
and lot in this city, which he had conveyed 70 his
wife, rs plf says 10 defraud his creditors. In 65
Smiths wife died. and the house and lot passed 70
smith. Defendant Smith was appointed by the Pro.
hate Court, guardian OF the minor children, and as
such GUARDIAN licensed 70 sell said property, which
he did, something more than year ago, 70 Corne-
After becoming convinced that Smith meant TO do.
fraud her of her debt sued the note at the May term
following, which amounted TO upwards OF Two nun
dred dollars. The plf proceeded at once TO have
msnt This done, all legal remedies were exhausted
and hence plf applied TO the Court In Equity for
perfecting her title. The bill WAS died in July and
deft Smith entered an appearance by his counsel,
wcdg.ocd and stone at the sePtem6e, term iolow
creed that the defts relinquish all right and title
10 said house and lot ON or before March % next,
by giving plf. good and selfsuficlent quitclaim
Dean 4 Lunt. wedgwood Stone.
Lydia A. Hill, libelt. Grin Hill, cause adultery
divorce decreed.
ii. u. Dean for libelt.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1870-02-25

Hon. Foster Blodgctt received for United
States Senator the votes Of all but one Of
tho Republicans in tho Georgia I.egisla.
ture, and that ono afterwards explained
that he had been notified that he could not
return to and live in his county If he
should vote for Mr.. Blodgctt.
In the course of recent conversation,
Gen. Sheridan Is credited with having re-
marked that he anticipated bloody and
telling spring campaign against the Plains
Indians, the most hostile Of whom live
within the limits of his military division.
Unless restrained by higher authority. he
intended to proceed vigorously against
these tribes in the event they do not meet
him in spirit of submission to United
States authority. The General expressed
desire to obtain from the President great
er discretionary power in the course to be
pursued by him toward the Indians. so
that the troops under his command may
be used in whatever manner and to what
ever extent his own judgment and the ex-
igences of the times may suggest.
We received the following this week.
"The names of more Republicans than
usual arc dropped from the check list this
Spring. See check lists at the Post Of
flee. Several owners of real estate who
have resided here number Of years, are
among the number"
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1870-02-25
GENERAL NE VS. ITEMS.

The steamer Emma which left Memphis for
Cincinnati last Friday, while going through
Chute Island No. 80, struck snag and carcen-
ell, upsctting the stove In the ladies cabin. set
ting the boat on ERE and totally destroying her.
Twelve lives were lost, among which were Ave
ladies. The wind was blowing gale at the
time Of the disaster. and the scene described As
terrific.
In Tolei,, Ohio. last Sunday, little girl died
Of strangulation produced BY swallowing .
straw, which lodged In her throat In such .
manner as to de.ea. all attempts to remove it
Texas has ratified the 18th amendment, and the
House has ratified the lith.-The Republicans
have carried Syracuse, N. Y. BY 1855 majority.
"A tremendous conhagration b raging In the
mountains near Santa Anita canon, In the
southern part Of California. The ho extends
for dist,nce Of thirty mils.-Justics Miller
says there Ii case on the docksts that will
enable the Supreme Court. when the new Jnis.
es take their seats od the Bcncc, TO revsrse the
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1870-02-25
NEW PUBLICATIONS.


MEnRY's MUSEUM has come 10 hand for Februa-
~. Il o first rate magazine for boys and girls.
The writers are among The best, and the general
snake upp OF the work Is good. Published In
Boston by II. d. Fuller. Price 81, so per year, or
10 cts. single number.
THE GALAXY for February Is In hand nom the
publishers, Sheldon 4 Co. N. Y. Readc's Story,
Put yourself In his Place. loses mono Of It's interest
and dramatic power II progresses. The other con-
tents are; ..
At Cambridge University, An Edtosr's Tales;
The Lost Bird; Letters nom Havana; The Prince OF
Wales; Ten Years In Rome; Medusa; Hand TO Hand;
The Clowns Real Piglng, Glimpscs Into Portrait
GALLERY, The GALAXY Miscellanyi Drftwood, Liter
ature and Art; Nebule.
HowE's MUSICAL MOSrHLY.-We have received
number Of this valuable musical monthly frOm
tho publisher, Elias Howe, lo3 Court street, Boz.
ton IL contains eleven pieces OF dance music ny
such composers as Strauss, Gounod, Parlow and
Gungl, and ten songs, all for thirty-ave cents.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1870-02-25

reoent decision on the constitutiouality Of the
Legal Tender sct.-Castelar. the leader Of the
Spanish Republicans. has written remarkable
letter to Vienna liberal paper, in which he
predicts not only aspanish Republic but con-
federation Of European republics, on the plan
Of the American federal system. and ultimately
an United States Of the world. He pays glow
ing tribute to America, "tbat Paradise Of the
future" "
A spiritual medium in thi, city declares that
"Shoo Fly" was composed by Byron's ghost.
and dedicated to Harriet Bcccher stowe.-A
Gen. jackson at Louisville Is called "Mudwall."
to distinguish him from "Stonewall. livery
body in the Chicago Common Council, Monday
night, called everybody el,e liar and q knave.
The Times says II was an occurrence In which
there was vast deal more truth than decency.
A captive easle was set at liberty at Pawtuckst,
on Thursday, with good deal Of "fdss and
feathers" at the instigation Of somewhat
noted personage. who paid for the bird and
provided funds for great display on the occs-
sion. but the proud "bird o'frcciom" had be-
come 30 fond Of the "nesh pots" Of Rhode Island
that he didn't care to leave, and amer few
aops. returned ignobly to his captivity.-wy-
oming county, N. Y, produces 5000 tons Of
cheese. which Is nifty amount, altogether
In Indiana they burn down an unpopular
preachers house as hint to him 10 leave.-
Minnesota, II is said, Is about to submit the
question Of "womsn's Suffrage" to vote Of
the people Of the whole State, including both
men and women.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1870-02-25

Upon the occasion Of u complimentary
dinner recently given to Gov. Chamber
Lin by Post Sheridan G. A. Il. at Biddc-
ford, Judge Tapley of Saco. in response
10 "a sentiment. made some remarks up
on the Soldier rs q citizen" which We're
received with great favor. Afier speak
ing Of the cause Of the rebellion, of the
alacrity with which men of all callings
and professions sprung to arms when
the integrity Of the. country WAS threat
ened. of their patriotism patience and
suferings Of the termination of the
strife. the disbanding Of the army and
the return of its legions to private life.
he continued substantially rs follows:
Our national government is one Of del
ega,ed powers conferred by awritten Con.
stitution, madc by n people jealous OF
great central powers, and Mt n timc when
they had first emerged from n war to re-
leve themselves of the exactions of mon
archicsll dictaiion. II was in some meas
ure the result of compromise between
the adhercuts Of conflicting opinions. Ii
is not surprising therefore that In an in
terna warfare growing out of claims I'M
der that constitution, the delegated pow
crs Of the Federal government may have
been found too restricted Tor all the
emergencies presented In such conflict !;
nor is il any moro surprising that In pre-
serving the political unity Of the country
against the assault Of enemies within, the
government found Il necessary to pursue
nj times course which some might
deem not warranted by the constitution.
"Is.er arnia silent leges" is maxim 81
long standing. but departure from writ
ten constitutions and laws Is warranted
only ny necessity and self-defence. Con-
venience cannot justify it. rr.
The infraction Of the written law In
ono respect to meet n supposed necessity
encourages its infrSction for another.
less pressing. Tho assumption Of pow
err 10 meet n supposed exigency encour-
aces I'll assumption for another. and we
may find ourselves travelling away from
those ancient, well-tried rules Of law
and government In which alone the Sc
curity Of the subjeet lies,
IL Is the duty ofthe citizen now TO bring
hack all department Of the government IN
their Legitimate spheres Of action. The
laws are no longer silent. The federal
rv,crumcnt should lie held TO the exercise