The New York herald., 1870-10-06


icntious misdemcauors ana nncd ty the sssrlcious
him. are gwen .wceS g. maKo rslarn." whisk
means 40 ana steal n or he whipped and pul IN
members OF other families. for the purpose ef far-
nlshtnx an excuse To capture" tbetn ana sell them
70 @ FOR ~ ns9ese ,rsders @ aley & are slsa ~ % 20
teeth are puilel TO make saiabe triaAets. fney
are often punished. together with their whole vi.
They are accused OF many crimes which their supe-
riors have committed and Land 10 their Charge Often
lingering deaih. siii,cea VITA oatnscm, dlse.ss Or
drown themselves IN The G ecks and rivers fcf the
want OF few cash with which % bay the neccs.s'
snss'a we Mones Sssn' cai he sSi: % ssss s.sSs
OF Hades. money calls the village elder.
Money, demands the lessee of has hossL
the mandarln In the halls OF injustice. Hfhe evoIe
work day and night. the CASH h called ior many
times before y Is earned. ie SUITES al kiads -
condition OF his class; iying stealing. cheating
bing. extortipg laaiining numbering. are gosnx ON
all the while within the circle Of his limited quaint
ance--a for money. These things taken toseshcr
with his belief that with mones he could et~r-
ancestry and posteriiy. would IN : Eurcpssn Sres.i
awaken such q thirst for money that neither mend
nor foe, hardship nor death would stand IN the way
OF Its possession
EATING RATS AND cara
Connected with this subject is the statement that
\
order 70 hoard up the money which deceneT would
0ulge them 10 spend Tor proper iood While " IA
true tSa, ne = a tns habit o. saving every particle
his money In confectons or pastry, II is also true
that the cooie provides himself and family wlth
70 do So 10 this there may also he excep-
lions, but they are few indeed. Thes take
ss % food and ccnSs ana have 10 n
Of an instance where the coolies PRIDE unchecked
by fear. did not overcome any misery sentiments ne
la Elt
deprive themselves OF the necessities OF NE IN order
TO send money home to pay their debts or provide
pride in 80 doing th.n In having costly table
among the sbarDarians.r have no doaut but that
rat. ras pooa Oppressed SSoe N CANA often ea.
ing food, for the very good reason that ne
would starve II ne did not, although no such
food has ever been brought to my notice. have
tasted OF some doubIui dishes at the table OF
Chinese gentlemen. both In California ana china,
and suppose the laDorer to lie even less refined m
his tastes. His condition would naturally make him
But IL Is evident that rats, cas, dogs. 8c, are
never ea,en IRON choice. In the colonies ana sea.
ports where the cooic escapes the eXtortons o in-
terror officers and gets average wages such thing
Is never known. Yet dogs are 50 plenty as TO he a
thousand thankful hearts II tho Cinnamon would
dispose OF them and their hOrrld night yawlng by
eating otherwise. Rats also revel m luxury aud
security around the wharves warehouses and dwell
ings.
BEGINNING OF THE cooLIE TRADE
The way the coole trade began Is interesting. In
the spring OF 1877 Spaniard WAC entered the port
OF Macaow was surprised with the cheapness OF
labor III China and incidentally wished thal he had
thousand Chinese In Peru. This led 10 the Discus
sion OF the expedlency OF taxing the Chinese 10
Peru and finally 90 an attempt en- llleir part TO load
pretence Of shipping them for Java; but whether
any contracts were made with these men Is not Mt
les, Tor whose passage the Spaniard became re-
sponsole Near an the ls5 day wv OF June me
with three hundred as happy men as ever trod the
planks OF ship Believing the falsehoods thar had
been told them and expecting soon 10 return TO
their homes weather. men, they looked back upon
the disappearing shores signing only for the time
when they should see them again. Ii is doubtful II
any one OF them has yet seen his native land, and
as doubtful that any OF them ever Will do So After
one hundred days or storm, exposed TO cold ana
heat with half rauons and but little water l75 were
landed at a port near Callao, 10 be treated even
worse on llnd than they had been on the sea. The
spanlard swore TO his own story, ana no one could
understand the Chlnalnan IS complaint II he had
any to make. They were put on plantation IN
the interior where they could not run away and the
experiment OF coolie labor tried for the first time in
that State Ii was satisfactory 10 the tractor and
another cargo was sent Tor. Coming to the ears. or
planters IN Cuba, who knew that III a few months
they part with their slaves they also sent snps
10 bring over the Chinese The story or the success
ful coole trallc soon spread over the Spanish and
Portuguese domnions, and Peru, Australia, Surl-
nam and the indian Archipelago wed with cuba In
the traffic OF human labor. But 1t was not to be ex-
pecied that many cargoes or voluntary emlgrants
could be procured when 1t was found that
the. time for the return OF the first shipload
and fathers who had left. Besides this,
rumors began to be anoat that the coolies
were taken TO 'the other side OF the world" to be
enslaved Tor series OF years and finally murdered.
When the ships which followed the Don Pedro on
her second visit arrived at Macaow the Chinese
were too much alarmed to be induced by any offers
to 60 on board. then began that sytem OF
KIDNAPPING COOLIES,
purchasing claiming, starving. and, as may appro-
prately be called, numbering. which for twenty years
shocked the feelings OF all humane persons and cast
dark blot upon the Portuguese and Spanish es.
cntcheons that can never DE expunged. Fathers ana
mothers sold their sons fugitives bargalned away
themselves, bandti brought In their male
s o female s for and rsS sSa ss 5nem never en-
exceeding ten dollars per person were thank.
fGlly received. The market being i'll supplied
with purchasable human beings, the traders organ
ized bands of night thieves, whose business 1t was
steal into the cabins Of the laborcrs and carry
The whole 1amily.,. Although these bands were
numerous, and coolies were captured by the thou
sand, still the demand increased beyond their
kidnapping capacity. Then ships called "Lorchas''
were manned and armed as II for war, and
sent up bays and rivers to ial suddenly upon the
unsuspecing inhabitants OF some rural district. This
great success. In the face of the naves OF the
civilized world these pirate vessels carrying the POr-
tugucse nag would enter some town unperceived
and capture whole cargoes at single swoop. Old
men were seized in the rice fields, boys In the
schooro0m, young men in the shops, and carried by
force to the snfocatlng holds OF the vessels at Ma
caoW.
THE PRESENT CooLrE TRADE.
Yet this dreadful traffic III coolies still goes on.
Tn action OF civilized nations has, however CON
nncd 1t 70 single port tMacaowl, AMI even there
tDey are making some effort 10 ''regulaten II. The
present traffic at MacaOw consists OF prisoners taken
in the clan fights, which are Of constant occurrence
III the western districts OF The province Of
Quantung, and who are sold by their captors to
Chinese or Portuguese man buyers upon the in.
terror waters, OF villagers or fishermen kidnapped
along the coast by the lorcLas still Kept In the
traders employ, and Of Cinnamon who, after having
been enticed INTO the gambling houses. sell them
selves, .'as In honor bolind,n 10 pay their losses
There established cooe brokers In the city who
have a depot private jail in which they put each
cooie as they gel him until they have rnll cargo,
when they sell then ''in bulk' TO the highest
bidder. They usually command a price va.
ryng from ten to twenry-seven dollars per
man, according 10 their physical strength.
During the years 1854 and 1865 there were
300 sold 10 Cu1an traders at Macaow, and nearly
5000 at the port Oh Canton. How many Were taken
to that island as voluntary emigrants from other
ports could not ascertain from Official sources All
these coolies voluntary and involuntary, forced
10 sign contract to labor ior term OF years, and
these agreements sold auction when the coolies
arrive N Cuba usually bringing from $3.50 TO 5000
Tor eight years. service, during which time
.IaA1 nnx AllD