The New York herald., 1870-01-29


nnd Lnndiors,..- Eviciions-The Town of
Letterlsenny.
LEirERKENNY, COUNTY DONEGAL
Jan. s 1870.
Donegal Is the most western OF the three northern
counties OF Ulster. IL ls bounded on the east by
Londonderry and TYRONE on the south by Ferma-
nagh ana Donegal bay, and on the westa north
by the Atlantic Ocean. II is by far the largest
county In Ulster being eghty.tve miles In length by
forty-one IN BREADTH ana having an area OF li95443
acres 1t contains 393 lgl OF arabe land, and
there are less than 769,5S7 acres still uncntt
vated. The proportion, therefore, OF unrecaimed
waste TO arabic or cultivated land Is rs seyon to
three
The coasts OF Donegal are wild, rugged and beau
tfu; they are deeply mdented by numerous bays
and lougns; as Tor example, LOuyl Swiliy Mulroy
oay Sheepnaven, the Bay OF Gwedore, Inyer bay,
ana several Others all OF which stretch Tar into the
county. So nnc piece of coast scenery Is not,
probably, to be found In the British isles. They
very stormy ana at Oil seasons OF the
year the Atlantic beats against them with
irresistible fury. So stormy and dangerous
are they indeed that, although they afford
the means OF an ABUNDANT fishing, men are
10th venture their lives upon the waves particn-
ary as they are for the most part, but Ill pro-
yided wiki proper boats and other tisnng accom-
modalicns, Almost every sort Of hsh-cod, ling
haddock, turbOt, Sc.-afe taken on the shores Of
Donegal Mr.. connolly whose estates In TINS county
were recently sold annually received Gl30O lof MS
Interest IN the lshng oi the river Erne, and when
purchased !aely ~ the !aaocd Estates Court " re-
celyed ile enormous sum OF G45, ,00c.
The surface Of the county particularly In the
nor.hern ana western DISTRICTS Is extremely varied,
and possesses many attractions for the tourist. a
few cars ago the London Times said that Ireland.
with ner vast, uncuitlyaled tracts her Wild noun
tains her broad lakes, her teeming rivers, Ii just
- Tttrfs Innut far
few weeks OF healthy exercise TO indemnify him Tor
the connnement of a town iile." This description
Is most applicable 10 the county OF Donegal wnere,
have no DOUBT the tourist may pass week with
great pleasure ana advantage amd a scenery OF
glen, iake ana mountain as delightful as any IN
the United ilnSuom. IN the southeastern part
oI the county, not Tar from Ballyshannon
u mountain of nearly dozen miles In Dreadtn runs
III lne direction oi Lougn Derg ana the conines of
FerInanagb. Another range branches OIL ron this
towards tne west and running along the western
ana northern coasts crosses L0dghs Swly ana Foy lie
INTO the north o, the counties OF Londonderry ana
Antrim. Ii the northern and western districts OF
Donegal, which are more hily aud mountainous
tan any ot1er parts OF the country, there many
rich. well cultivated valleys, which are peopled by
an honest Industrious population. The inhabitants
of Donegal are more lrsh that Is, they have more
Celiic blood In Their VEINS, tnan the people OF any
other county IN Ulster.
Az the Tune OF the great plantation, when the
'old peoplen we're driven out 10 make way 10r the
scotch ana Engrsh settlers, u great NUMBER or the
DanisEed race took refuge III the western mountains
ol Donegal where thelr descendants are 10 pe 1ound
lIlt can calf III IS that tney have cung Win too
inucn :enacry not only 10 their barren hits aud
mountains but TO tleir Old habits ana associations,
insiead of adapting themselves more 20 the
spirs Oh the Times ana Oi embarking IN pur-
suits more advantageous 10 their own interests.
Ia The northeastern part Of tine county Is Ennls-
howen one OF the most remarkable baronles IN Ire
land. "Ibe natural wonders OF the barony OF Ennls-
howen would aiuae supply materials or yolu.ne."
IL lies between Louyh foyle ana Swilly, and Is 20
miles III length by 70 In breadth. IL has an
area oil 1850 statute acres. IL Is peninsula
md nr q Ia tnn nd
consists OF centra group of mountains. Win ricn
border Oh cultivation versing Gown 10 the water.
There Is ! beievc, no place IN ireland IN which pf
yate OF Illicit disuaiion is Carried on TO greater
extent than III the mountains OF Ennlshowen. The
author Of hItie work now before me gives very
graphic account oi lhe Manufacture OF pOteen whs
Key III This part OF the counry Such an Intimate ac-
quaintance does he SHOW with the inner workings
this secret that do not think 1t unreasonable
10 suppose lie has mad, III his time, a run or two
VITA the lYnX.eyed constabes Of the revenue
BOARD He evidently taxes great delight III the
success which has hitherto attended THIS unlaw-
ful practice ana speaks hopefully OF its triumph
III the future. ''Ine distillaion OF Ennishowen
whiskey," ne says, has Decn carried on from time
lmmemcria aud nrobaoy Will be SO carried on
while hgnt Dnd darkness succeed each other.
ln every season OF the year, amid the nowiin.s or
the winters storm or Tho serene cam or summer
the laughing days OF spring and the haste and bustle
oil the au1ulnn nlonGs, lordes Of adventurlng chen-
lists are daily engaged in tue preparation OF this
article in their highland hats ana mountain cav
erns." | nnd THAI smuggling. ~ 1ar from being
regarded by the people as crime, or even as an im
and IL c0nnvcd 1T by almost all classes OF tue popn
larion. A day or two ago u most respectable man Ia
this county, wnen speaking of deceased friend OF
his, remarked thai "he was a thoroughly upright
CONSCIENTIOUS man. Dut thaG greater smu9sler
than the same - was not ~ found IN the whole
county Donegal"
Donegal was Of the six counties included in
the great condscation Of Ulster. Although the pea
sautry of Donegal enjoyed lor 200 years the privi
eges WHICH grew out or the plantation, 1t canno. be
said tnat they enjoy those privileges now. From all
parts OF Tue county complaints reached me to the
effect tnat tie rights originally conferred upon the
occupiers no less than upon the proprietors, were
INVADED 10y cruel ana grIsping landlords. There
are iinu very iew cases III which the Old Ulster
custom tenant rgnt Is recognized IN its integrity.
" mas eniilnged upon by different landlords, IN
different ways, according to their own preludlces
anu caysices. Some nave limited the amount TO be
paid to an outgoing tenant Tor his good wlll others
nave not scruplet 10 raise their rents; some OF them
have evicted their tenants without any provocaton
Whatever. In Iact the condition OF the peasant OF
Donegal eau nardiy he considered preferable 10 The
condition OF tie peasant OF the south. In this very
respected Tor upwards of 200 years, there have
occurred Two cases oil arbitrary eviction unsur-
passed IN cruelty oy any other two cases OF SINH
lar KIND whicr have taken place either IN
Ireland or out oi It. All WHO ere acquainted with
the country Will | feel certain, see ~ once that
refer to the GvIctions in Fannet under the Earl OF
Letrim, and OF Gienveigh, under John George Adare
To both OF these determinations have referred in
i0rmcr letters. In my last letter dweit at some
length upon the management OF tho Leliim estates,
ana | think l said enough to show that the
hardships endured by tae enantry Oh that property
are Dy 10 lDGulis seItuucHta RTictbHCcs udsc HO
doubt whatever that before many months are over
Lord Leitrim without any further effort one way or
the Other on his part Will be tue means oi don1 in
calcuable good 10 TIE peas lntry OF Ireland.
AS 10 the Genyegn eviction, II Is said that no less
than three hundred persons were cast out at once
from wild but beautiful valley III the highlands OF
Donegal, where probably their fathers had lived be-
fore Ulster peopied Dy scotch aud Eneiisn set
tiers. Some vi The houses have since fallen, others
have been thrown down, the bitches nave been
loyeeu, the ,ieds remain uncultivated, the WDoe
valley has the appearance OF desert, and solemn
silence reigns wncre from day to day was heard the
hight airy lGugn OF Tie peasant as ne pursued
his TOLL lnese three hundred ouscasts were scattered
All the world over. some emgrated 10 America,
others became farm laDorers at nome aud sixty Of
them came into the poorhouse in lie town III which
now write.
II is a fact that when a landlord treats ten
ant badly and eventually dlsposscsses him he mas
very great dricuity III obtaining . successor In
the negnporhoud OF this town tenant was evlcte Il
under very cruel circumstances and the factis Tor
the sixteen years the farm has been lying idle.
ln the same way, understand, MIR. John GEORGE
Adare mas not been able TO find tenants courageous
enouga TO reoccupy the valley OF Genvcgh.
The management OF an estate al Gwedor0 on the