The Cairo daily bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1870-1872, 1870-05-17
Thr Bulletin.
TAENEW CONSTITUTION.
IT'S PROMINENT FEATURES.
ADDRESS To THE PEOPLE.
IL CONVENTION, May ~ I0'
The Amendments Made.

u Nplr hrIrf~tUNillN'H ~ 80
To- ALTER, revise and amend the eonsttu.
zion II ia dna that we should state in
brief the most important changes proposed
and some of the reasons therefor. Our
sat-, constitution has been in force for al
mo.t N ouarter of century. during which
time our population, wealth and interest
bave ,u,,u,epted However wise aud
iudicious when adopted that constitution
IN. heroine whoIely inadequate to subservc
the nece,.itie. Of the state without modih-
canon ana restrictions. 10 secure mn eil-
cirnt and at the some time an economical
administration OF the several departments
of the government, new constitution Is
m imperious necessity. 1t is not pro-
habe that any constitution will
ia all respects, fully satisfy any one man
IN the state. Every one will find in II
.omething he would exclude and would
insert something 1t does not contain. IL
must be judged altogether, and if better
than the old constitution, il should be
adopted In all human institutions the
good and evil are Al liked, and sound sense
demands that we secure the greatest good
attainsble; and we must be content II we
Get more taxes Than wheat. For yeats
past the machinery of our government
has been kept in motion by continued vio-
lauon ofplnin and positive constitutional
provisions. Nothing can be- more pernic-
ious. by this the people loose their respect
for the laws aud learn to hold them in con-
tempt. A reverence for constitution and
laws Is the best possible guaranty for the
stability OF the state, the peace and good
order OF society and the protection OF the
life, liberty and property of the citizens.
And whenever II becomes necessary to
violate q constitution, IL should be
changed 10 meet and remove the necessity
when impelled to such violation. Our
state Legislatures are only restrained by the
constitutions of the state and ofthe United
States. 1t is therefore necessary that state
constitut ions shonldscontain many rrgua-
tions and restrictions while the con,titu-
ton of the United States may be much
shorter, for that j. a government Of delo-
gated powers with only the incidental
power necessary and proper TO execute the
powers granted.
rrB BILL OF RIGHTS.
la addition TO the usual guarantees OF
natural and civil liberty, We have declared
tina, no person shall be denied any civil oi
political right or capacity ON account %
his religious opinions. All persons hav,
the right 10 publish the truth with goo,
motives and for justihAblc ends. Privat,
Tor pubic Use without just compensation
TO be asccrtained by jury. The fee o
lands taken for railroad tracks j. to re-.
main In the owners name, subject 10 the
use for which IL l. taken. All irrevocablc
grants of special privileges or immunities
are prohibited, Ia protect the people
against privileged orders and dangerous
monopolies. Grand juries may be dispcns-
"a with. Our jalls are crowded with Grim
inals during the intervals of circuit courts
at great expense 10 the counties. County
courts may be authorized TO try ia sum,
mary manner many criminal eases and
save the COUNTIES the large expenditures al
keeping prisoners for trial from term {,
term OF the circuit courts, and person. mol
guilty may Ice promptly discharged or Ne
quilted.
LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT.
To avoid partisan injustice in repro,rn,
tative districts, and the expense aud delay
Of the general assembly in making them
We have provided for districting the State
N In Ohio, by ratio and computation. To
guard against undue influence upon mem
bers OF the general assembly and to afford
small countie. representative. We have in
creased their numbers. We have also re-
quired a stringent oath against bribery and
corruption. To afford security against
hasty and vicious legislation, We have re.
quircd ull bill. ana amendments thereto u
be printed before they are pissed ONLY
one subjec, shall bee embraced In ench bill.
aud when amendment. are made To laws
or acts are revived, the section. amended
aud the acts revived must b. stated al
length. The evil OF special and local lie,
gislation have become enormous The oN
pense to the state IN passing and publish
ing such laws and the combination. b,
which private speculation, have been ="
cured, and monopolies With eNtraordinar,
and dangerous powers have been created
are well known. We have prohibited N,
general assembly hereafter from passin.
such laws; aud have required genera
laws IN all cases where a general law can b,
made applicable We have forbidden ID,
General assembly from releasing any lin
b,iity to the state or 20 any municipal cor
poratiOn therein. We have placed add
i!onal guards against speculative contract
made with officers Of the state for station
ery, fuel. etc, and Ne have limited IN
amount of expenditures TO be incurred OF
account Of the state capitol now in proces
oiconsiruction.
We have provided for public and pri
vie roads and for the drainage Of land.
We have required the enactment OF, liberia
h"Acslrad ana exemption laws, and law
Tor the protection ofminors and we hay
.ub0ltted IA seperate article, designed q
protect producers and shippers Of grail
sgain'l fraud IL warehouses.
EXEoUrivE DEPARTMENT
We require tho governor, At eacl
session OF the legislature, aud at the clos.
Of his term Of Office 10 furnish n state
ment Of all moneys received and paid ou
By him, from any funds subject 10 hi, or
der, with his vouchers therefor. w.
make IL the duty Of the auditor of publ,
accounts, treasurer, secretary of state AND
superintendent Of public instrlction sra
persons in charge OF state institutions. n
keep an account of all moneys received a,
disbnrsed BY them seyerslly, from AL
sources and for every service performed
and 10 make semi-annual report thereo
10 the governor under oath, to be laid /,
fore the general assembly, Thus enablin
the reprsentatiyes of the people 10 expos
and By suitable laws prevent improviden
expeditures and frauds. We have giyeI
the governor power 10 remove all officer,
appointed by him, IN Gaze they are incom
petent or are guilty Of n,alfeasance in
ofice. We have provided a safer mode
of can wasting the votes for governor and