The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-12-06

tory OF the United 6tatea THIS Information being
communicated TO the British government. was
occupation OF the fort OF Hudson Bay Com pany
should continue for the present. deem 1t impor-
an a % pars 81 sn9 a TN swa
governments and submit herewith estimates OF
expense OF such o commission On the part OF the
United states and recommend an appropriation for
that purpose the land b0unday has already been
lxed and marked from the summit or the Rocky
xe manner marked rom the Lake Of the Woods Co
the summit OF the Rocky Mountains.
THE ALABAMA CLAIMS.
I regret TO say that no conclusion has been
reached for the adjustment OF the claims against
Great Britain growing ons Of the course saoPsed oy
OF London 30 far as fts views have been expressed
does not appear to be willing to concede that her
Var u FOR " which sSs United States has JUST
aass'i e s' piecl 'Rs
BY the the United states 80 tina. the gSy:
control OF all the demands against Great Britan. It
MaIesty,s government shall entertain desire for .
full AID friendly adjustment or these claims the
United States WIN enter upon their consideration
with the honor and dignity OF both nations.
the CANADIAN FISHERY QUESTION.
s is ans pSesS 3 SaTss
tas past season has not been marked BY friendly
1878 between Great Britain and the United states 1t
was agreed that the Inhabitants Of the United States
should have forever IN common with British subjects
tne right OF taking fish in certain waters therein de-
fned. In the waters not included In the limits
named In The convention within three miles OF
parts of the British COAST has been the custom for
twenty years 10 give to intruding fishermen OF the
United States reasonable warning Of their visla-
ton Of the technical rights Of Great Britain. The
nm fn dala fan
control or these inshers fishery grounds
Dominion OF Canada; ana this neutrality-suspicious. but
irresponsible agent has exercised lts delegated pow
wihaut notice or warning ii Violation Of the s' Gus
tom previously prevailing, and have been taken into
the colonial ports, their voyages broken up and the
vessels condemned. There Is reason to believe shat
this unfriendly and vexatious treatment was de-
signed to bear haisnly upon the hardy fishermen Qf
the United States with view to politIcal eject
upon this government. The statutes Of the Do
miniOn OF Canada assume still broader more
untenable jurisdiction over the vessels OF the
United States. They authorize Officers or persons
TO bring vessels lowering within three marine miles
OF any Of the coasts, bays creeks or barbors OF
Canada into port. TO search the cargo, 20 examine
the master on oatn touching the cargo and voyage
and to innict upon him heavy pecuniary penalty II
found preparing to fish" within three marine miles
OF any such coasts. bays creeks harbors without
license, or alter tne expiration OF the period
that the vessel, with her tackle &C., snail be for
retted. II Is not known that any COMBINATIONS
have been made under this statute. should the
authorities OF Canada attempt to enforce 1t 1t Will
become my duty To take such steps may be neces-
sary protect the rights of the citizens OF the United
States IL has been claimed by her Maestys officials
that the fishing vessels OF the United States have no
right to enter the open ports OF the British possess
siOns III North America, except Tor the purpose OF
shelter and repairing damages for purchasing wood
and obtaining water; that they have no right 10
except for the purchase OF wood and water, and
that they must depart within twenty-four hours
after notice 70 leave. IL Is not known that any sez.
OF fishing vessel carrying the nag Of the United
States has been made under this claim. SO far AZ
the claim Is founded on an alleged construction OF
the convention Of 1918 it cannor be aequesced
IN by the United States. IL Is hoped that it Will
not be insisted on by her Majesty's government.
During the conference wnlch preceded the nego-
tiation or the convention OF 1918 the British Com
mlssioners proposed to expressly exclude the fisher
men OF the United States from the privilege Of
carrying on trade with any OF hts Britannia Ma
Jesty's subjects residing within the limits assigned
for their use, and also that 1t should be .awful
for the vessels OF the United States engaged IN snch
fishery 10 have on board any go0ds wares or mer-
chandise whatever except such as may be necessary
for the prosecution OF their voyages to aud from
United states which shall oontravene this regua-
with her CARGO THIS proposition, which is denti-
cal with the construction now put upon the Ian
rejected by the American Commission and there
upon abandoned by the British Penipotentiares,
was substituted II, however, 1t he said that this
claim is founded on provincial or colonial Statutes
ana not upon the convention THIS government can
vention OF the spirit, If not OF the letter, Of the
treaty, for the faithful execution Of which
tile imperial government Is alone response.
BILE. Anticipating that attempt may poss-
bly, be made by the Canadian authorities
In the coming season to repeat their unneighbsrly
acts towards our fishermen, recommend you to
confer upon the Executive the power to suspend, by
Ine n q 1ns 10 King
across the territory OF the United States to Canada.
and further, should such an extreme measure be-
IN I'm or ouv
laws whereby the vessels OF tho Dominion oil Canada
are permitted to enter the waIers OF the United
ifssted the part Of Canada In the maintenance OF
q claim OF the right to exclude the citizens OF
the United states from me navigation q the st.
the ocean for eight States with an aggregate pspu
laton OF about II, 600 Inhabitants, and with an
aggregate tonnage OF 661 367 tons upon the waters
which discharge Int II. The foreign commerce OF
ports on these waters ia open to British compe
bsttoms. II the American seamen be excluded
from this natural avenue 10 the ocean the monopoly
o. the direct commerce Of the lake ports with
on transatlantic voyages having an access to our
lake ports, which would be denied to American
slti0n Is to refute It's Justice During the adminstra
ton Of Mr.. John Quincy Adams Mr.: Clay unques-
citizens OF the United States to the navigation OF
this river, claiming that the action OF the Congress
OF Vienna In opening the Rhine and other rivers to all
nations showed the Judgment OF European jurlsts and
statesmen that the Inhabitants OF country through
which u navgable river passes nave a natural
right to enjoy the navigation Of that river to and
into the sea- even though passing through the terri
tory OF another Power. This right does not exclude
the coequal right of the sovereign possessing the
territory through which the river debouches into the
sea to make such regulations relative to the police
OF the navigation as may be reasonably necessary;
but those regulations should be framed In
a liberal spirit OF comfy, and should not
impose needless burdens upon the commerce
which has the right OF transit. It has
been found In practice more advantageous to
arrange these regulations by mutual agreement.
THE POLICE OF THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER
The United States ready to make any reasonable
arrangement as 10 the police Of the St. Lawrence
which may be suggested by Great Britain. II the
claim made by Mr.. Clay was Just wnen the popula-
tiOn Of the States bordering on the shores OF the
lakes only 400 000 1t now derives greater force
and equity from the increased population, wealth.
production and tonnage OF the States on the Canadian
frontier. since Mr. Clay advanced his argument IN
behalf OF our right the principle for which he con-
tended has been frequently and by various nations
recognized by law or by treaty, and has been ex-
tended to several other great rivers