Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1870-12-08

The reform In the management OF Irdi-
az ahairs. has received the special attep-
tton or the administration from its inaugu.
ration To the present day. The experj,nen.
I 81 making missionary work was tried
"i'h fcw agencies given To the dcnoml-
nation u Friends, ami has been found I'd
work adsautageousIy. An agencies and
'aPer.ntendenclcs not 80 j snosa,l of ,yrro
. gwen ~ officer, of cur army The act ar
congress srdnring the army renders army
Hiiia rrS iWeli-ihr Or civil positions. Tina
lh1iaa agencies being civil Offices deter
Hia q give all she agencies to such rt..
ll-Fnh~ denominations a. ball lcrrtofore
NlNied missionaries anon. the indl-
ans. and perhaps Sprle other fisnou}na
lions who would undertake to work on the
>amT terms a. missionary WORK The
Ho@ir11or selected arc To name their avn
agents subject 10 the approval OF the ex-
CURVE hnd are expected "a watch over
them and aid them a. missionaries q,
chriNtiani1e and civiiizc the Indian ana 10
tram hin in the arts ~ peace. The Goy
rrnmeut watches over the official ar,s m
the>" agents aud requires Of them as strict
~ accountability as II they were appoint
81 ~ any other manner entertain the
confidence That the policy now pursued win
ia lev years bring all the Indians upon
reservations. where they will live in houses
have school houses and churches, and will
hc pursuing peaceful and self sustainiu.
vacations, and where they may be visited
by the law abiding white man with the
same impunity that h. nov visits the civil
lied white settlements. call your sprci-
Al attention e. the report ~ the Commits
>i"ucr ot Indian Affairs for full iuforIna-
ton on this subject.
TIiE II HLIr LANDS.
During thr la, fiscal year :. oa5. slJ acre,
Of public lands were disposed of. OF thi.
quantity 9,6l> 80 5-lO0 acres we're taken
under the homestead law and al59.jl5 =
itD acres We're sold for cash. The remain
der Wa located with the military warrant,
college ar Indian scrip. or applied in sat
l~taction ri grants Ia railroad, or for other
pubic uses. The entries under the home
stead law during the last fiscal year COW
cred "'l.1t5 acr"> more than ihos,. during
the preceding year. The surveys have
been vigorously prosecuted 10 the full cx-
cent ~ ttr means applicable "a the pur-
poses. The quantity Of land in the mar
krt Will amply supply the present demand
The claim oi the settler under the home
stead or ne prescription law Il not how
ever, limited 10 land subject ID sale al prt-
waite "uiTy Au unappropriatrd survey II
"a" public land may Ia limited amouu,
Y" acquired under former laws IL the par
" entitled ~ enter under them will COM
piy with th" requirement. they pr--crib,.
TIA regard 10 residence and Guilty. alton. The
actual settlers preference 10 the right Of
purchase l. even broader and extends III
Lands which were surveyed al the time III
hs- settlement. HI right wa formerly
confined within much narrower limit. aud
at On" period III oar history VA, conferred
ualy ny special statutes They were
rnart"i frr the time % lrgaliyr what VA.
thFu regarded A. an unauthorized iutru-
~tnn EN- thr national domain The opinion
thar thn IIhlir land. should b. Regarded
rhirns a. q -pUr~'. Of revenue T. no longer
maintained It'll" rapid settlement ain
>nrr-- si'! cultivation If thrn l. now Justly
r'u, lrre'i "a more Importance to uururl.-
h.ll- tsin n I'm" funds Witch thc slit 9f
'Arn wnHlI produce. Thr remarkable
growth aut prosperity uf uur nov states
tud territories attest fio iy..dln Of Tho
A t-Lrinn which invites th- tillrr ~ rh..
."iI i' -r lrr pcrmlurut hnn- WIS tcru,-
N...tH iA- rr1rh NJ all. TIN piuur-r XVIII.
ioe;r. the dangers and pr, aIions of 4
If"f't'r IN" aui .hu- aids IN laying thn
i1IaiN.1I MI n.W commonwealth. rru-
..-rs y -icual rt l.a Ia l4i> vuuutrt Aud FIJI
,1'Hlf-l =" ~ special care ana protection.
.lc laws secure that orjte. and l4ryrIt.
lramu.. 'h. general welfare. They should
therefore N.Y. cherished IA. d permanent t.-a-
turr M pur iaut sy-'ryn 'tunf fafsh ~.
Iulr.- - 10 Civ. fIll effect 10 the existing
grant The tim"-honorrd and heuiiicru.
n ihat Nh -r,'iu- apart certain sections I'm
l4H..r l#Hi Iar educational pirru-r, ll thr
H"w ~tAf-. -hpuli ~ continued Nh-u
Augl" provision -hall have b.cn made for
'Ay "h.rr'-. submit a. p question WORTHY
M SERIOUS considerations whether fh.
rr-il" ~ our national domain should
up' ~ wholly li-pn>ri 81 under th. pr,-
Visions ~ The homestead and foreign laws.
IN addition - the .aanp~ add over
'wti iands granted 10 the State. III
which they are situated, the lands taken
under the agricultural college sets and for
Internal Improvement purposes under the
act NJ September. 1871, and the acts sup
V.rmcn'Il thereto. there had been convey
OF up To the close Of the last fiscal wear
by patent or other equivalent evidence Of
title, t. States acd corporations 279,3-2.-
5E15-iur acre. tor railways, canals anu
wagon roads. II l. estimated that
an additional quantity orl7i.73j, j23 acre.
j. sttil due under grants for ike uses.
The policy Of thus aidiu. the States In
building works Of internal Improvement
was iuansuriied more thar 10 wears since
10 the grants 10 Indiana aud Illinui, to aid
these States IN opening canals To connect
the waters oithe Wabash with those Of
Lake Ere and the waters Of Illinois with
those of Lake Michigan, IL wa. followed
with some notifications in the grant to
Illinois ~ alternate sections of public land
within certain limits 10 the Illinois Cen
trail Railway. Fourteen States and sun
dry corporations have received sundry
subsidies in connections with railways
completed or in process OF construction.
AZ the reserved section. are rated al the
double minimum. the sale OF them at the
enhanced prices has thus in many in
stances Unidentified the treasury for the
granted land. tn" construction Of some
OF these thoroughiares has doubtedly given
n vigorous impetus to the developeInent Of
our resources and the settlement of the
more distant portions Of the country Ii
may. however. BE- well insisted that much
OF our legislation in this regard has been
characterized by indiseriminate and pro-
fuse libcrality. The United States should
not loan their credit In aid Of any enter
prise undertaken BY States or corporations
nor granted lands in any instance unless I
the projected road is OF acknowledged i'm
portancc. am strongly inclined to the
opinion that il l. ineXpedieut and unue--
-ary to bestow subsidies Of either descrip-
ton. but should congress determine other
wise | earnestly recommend that the rights
of settlers aud of the public be more effect
uhly secured and protected by appropri-
ate legislation.
EDUCATION AND AGRICULTURE
The subjects of education and agricult-
ure are of great interest to the success Of
our republican institutions and to our hap
piness and grandeur as a nation. In the
interest Of one bureau has been estab-
lished in the Interior department the
bureau OF Education, and in the interest
os the other separate department, that of
Agriculture. believe that great general |
good l. 10 flow from the operations of both
Of these bureaus II properly fostered |