The New York herald., 1870-03-14
OF EMIGRATION.

a..
As the remittancesi from America both IN the shape
OF prepaid passages and money amounted In 1868 TO
f5o05Ga equal to 81 COO nearly as much as in
1867 ana much more than In the preceding SIX years,
IL may safely be assumed that the falling or In the
number or Irish eIngrants did not arise from want
Of nieaus to pay PASSAGES. it more probably arose
from the gradual Improvement In the condition OF
the people, winch the excessive emigration OF previ.
GUS years could scarcely iail to effect.
WHERE THEY CO.
| 1t would be interesting IN this connection to
note the respective districts in which these large
Which they respectively exercised upon the labor
market and production OF such localities; but lack Of
space aud the absence OF the necessary data for zach
compilation alike forbid the attempt. While the
tendency or foreign emigration. more particularly
a " M Swedish n1rwegian and nans
cultural pursuits, the almost uniform direction Of
Irish emigration has been tathe large cities OF the
Atlantic seaboard. How large proportion OF the }L-
ter might be INDUCED to Continue westward where
good homes ana cheap lands are open to them under
benencent operation OF the United States Home
stead law 1t s Of course Impossible 70 deierminc
but undoubtedly 1t would be very considerable were
the necessary steps taken by the government CO.
operating with tue New York and other State
boards.
WHAT THEY ACCOMPLISH.
The best evidence Of what might be ACCOMPLISHED
both for the emgrant and the country III this way
furnished by the ngures which Illustrate the march
q improyetnent IN the eight great food producing
states here referred TO are Ohio, Illinois, Indiana
Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota Iowa and Mis-
souri,.
Between the years 1850 ana 1860 the population OF
these egnt States increased from s,4o3, 595 to
$751; 8g0 an accession OF 1854 095 more than sixty
per cent Of whom were Europeans. This influx OF
population increased the quantity OF improved land
within these States from 2o,esoael to 5I,s2e. 3o5
acres, an increase equal TO nearly the whole arabic
area OF England. estimated az 2S,00o.00o acres.
These figures, Of material growth, due almost
wholly to emigration are sufficiently startling, but
they by no means represent the vital features OF the
marvellous exhibit
during the same period 1850 eo the cereal product
Of the same district or country Increased from
800 2s5 bushels to 553 100 1928 bushels, which
itself greater than the whole cereal product OF Eng
land, and nearly equal to that OF France. The num-
Der OF swine was increased from eight and half
millions to upwards OF eleven millions, and cattle
like proportion
In addltlon to this vast increase OF agricultural
and other products from this enlarged area brought
under cultivation we tind that the assessed value Of
was augmented from 81, lie, 100000 in 1852, to
$3g2G, 900 600 1860 showing An increase Of
81. 2.Sl0.Go0, 900.
WHAT rs COMING.
by careful analysis oil the foregoing figures some
faint conception may be formed OF the future that
awaits tire United States In the settlement and de.
veopment Of the vast domain opening up TO Saxon
and Celtic emigration in the great and fertile West
II, FOR. instance 20 reproduce the argument
advanced py the writer In the discussion OF me sub
ject before Congress i'm 1885, under the operation of
the Homestead law, there should be occupied and
cultivated during the next ten years but 10o 900 add
uonal farms by settlers or oaly 10000 per annum,
~ would make an aggregate or 10 900 coo OF acres
II, inclndng houses, fences barns and other inn
proyemcnts, we should value each OF these farms ar
xlU per AcIe, u Npulu MAKE al aGETSEatc OF
Slso,ooo,0oo but II we add the product OF these
farms, allowing only onehalf oi each $50 acres) to
be cultivated, and the average annual value of the
crops stock included, to be only $40 per acre, the
result OF this annual settlement and labor would
Yield $780, 00e year. aud in ten years $500 coo
lncarly One-thrd the amount OF the national debit
independents Of the reinvestment Of capital. 1t ia
clear, also, that thus vast additional employment
would be given to labor, freght to steamers rail-
roads and canals markets FOR manufactures, aug
nented revenue &c. &C.
Z.
Among the Emiarnnrs-Sjsiiied nnd Un-
LIVERPOOL, Feb. 25, 1870.
The considerations advanced At the close Of my
last letter on emigration are OF such nature as
may, well startle even those among the readers OF
tho HERALD who are accustomed to note the infiux
aud distribution or this wonderful stream OF
humanity but the pressure Of what yet lays before
forbds me pursuing them to greater length at pre-
sent
further analysis OF the report and returns FOR
the past year shows that OF Ihe total number Of
emigrants to the United States es, 7l4 were males
and 81, 7ss females divided rs follows:-
irish ,682 Foreign .......... .H731
English 40, ,365. Scotch. 10 463
or the adult males 10, 122 weremarried and OF the
females 1863, and OF the entire number l2 200 were
male and IL, 1853 female CHILDREN and 5os infants.
The industrial capacity OF the emigration for the
past year affords au interesting feld OF inquiry. or
the occupations OF those emigratng to the United
states AZ would reasonably be expected, those OF
the unskiiled iaborer very largely predomnate. or
general laoorers the number was IS, 22S; OF female
domestics and farm servants $751; and OF miners
and quasrymen $685. Farmers ana carpenters and
toners are the next most important branch OF IN
dustry represented numbering respectively $3.50 ana
2,341. On the whole the proportion or skilled TO ui-
skilled labor is about one TO i've. Among for
egners proceeding through British ports the proper
ton of skilled aud unsSilled labor Ia more evenly
balanced. The most noteworthy feature IN this re-
turn Is the increase in the number returned as
..miners and ouarrymen,r when Is fully one third
more than IN the previous year. large number OF
these were Germans Or Sweaes. There was also 3
somewhat larger percentage than usual OF children
under twelve years Of age
PORTS or HMBARKArios.
~ all European ports from which emigrants pro-
ceed to the United states, is well known to every
one ., MI converSsBs With the Subject ths Liver