The New York herald., 1870-05-22
The DUKE De sALDAHaA.


The hero of the recent military revolution in Poru.
gal, the General Duke de Saldanha, or, his whole
name and title run the language Of his country,
Joao Carlos Saldanna Overa Daun, was born
at Aringha In 1850, and after completing has studies
in the famous College OF Mobiles at Lisbon and the
University Of Coimbra, was made member OF the
Colonial Board OF Administration. When the
French invaded and overran Portugal his
liberal tendencies caused him to acquiesce
in their control. ana he declined TO
accompany the royal family In their flight to Brazil
While serving under the French nag he was captured
by Wellington in 1910, taken to England there re-
leased on parole, and allowed to depart for Brazil,
where he made the best Of circumstances, sought
service in the royal army, behaved with distinction
and was entrusted with diplomatic missions of TIM
portance When the constitutional government was
restored In his native country he returned tnither,
and IN 1926 was called by John vi. to the MIN
istry Of Foreign Affairs. After the decease
or that monarch, and during the regcn-
cy OF the Infanta Isabella, he was made
Governor or Oporto and there suppressed with great
energy the earliest attempts OF Don Mguel's adhe-
rents, melted by the Queen Dowager The Ministry
was remodeed on June 1927, but Saldanha retained
his place for time; but, having vainly endeavored
To make the Regent dismiss certain suspected func.
tiOnares, he felt obliged to resign, and Immediately
withdrew to England, where he remained until the
usurpatlon OF Don Miguel, still coaked. however,
under the name OF regency, caused his return
to Portugal He placed himself at the head OF the
liberal uprising at OpOrtO and sought opportunity
for decisive battle. However, his troops proved
false and deserted hun, and he sought refuge first in
England and then In France, where he was admitted
to The Intimacy Of General Lafayette This was IN
1928 and in the next year while conducting relief to
the insurgents at Terceira by sea he was attacked
BY English cruisers and compelled to return TO
France.
in 1882 he had some passages of arms with Don
Pedro ana dld not accompany The French and
Portuguese allied expedition that set out Tor Belle
lse but in 1893 he forced his way into Oporto then
invested by Don Miguel, and became one OF the
chief counseilors or Don Pedro with the title OF
generallssfmO OF the stan. In conjunction with the
Duke OF Tercelra he subsequently achieved the bril-
liant expedition Of the Algarvcs which was made
fimOus by several victories and terminated In the
triumphant storming OF Lisbon He then sat down
to the siege OF Santlren and signed Ihe decisive
capituatl0n of Evora, In 1884, with Don Miguel.
Subsequently, when the Duke OF Terceira resigned
the chief command OF the army, Salanha was pro-
moted to that position, with the title Of Marshall put
himself at the head of the opposition and was
dency OF the Council. However, disputes with his
colleagues and the uncertainty OF obtaining q ma.
jorlty In The Chambers caused ham to decide upon
resgning At the close OF the revolution of Sep
temb r, 1885, he led the reactionary insurrection
which was secretly favored by the queen, and was
suppressed In spite OF her by her General Das Antas
Hated by the Scptemberists he voluntarily exiied
himself FOR ten years to England and France and re-
appeared In Portugal only when summoned by the
out and threatened the overthrow Of the Costa.
CaDral dictatorship and the throne OF Dona Maria
together
After the quadruple alliance interposed he reaped
the fruits OF victory and made up his Ministry OF
lS47 to suit himself. This was followed i'm lS49 by
the second dictatorship OF Costa Cabral The latter
desiring to avail himself OF the old Marsha's popu-
larlty, offered him the Ministry. but the Duke,
Whose whose, immediate descent from the renowned
Marquis de POmbal had made him utterly
averse TO the rule Of the all-powerful pebeian
tnen at the head Of the government, not
only declined the profered honor but attacked the
dictatorship. Bafiied in this and sighted by the
queen he betook himself to another revolution In
which M ne was sufilcienty sustained by the troops
and the assistant aid OF British diplomacy 10 make
successful state stroke. Costa-Cabral was bans1ed,
the Marshal obtained a hold power which no
secured for five years, during all the difficulties OF
royal minority and regency But at last, In 1855,
the respect OF the King Dom Pedro H., for the
Cortes brought about his downfall. After shat the
aged Marshal abandoned his chief command at the
head OF the army in order to head the opposition.
Ii will be seen from the above particulars that the
suddenly succeeding Prime Minister Of Portugal has
seen many changes of politics and parties. More
over he is no strpling but rejolces In the rpeness
Of ninety years, with quito apparent remains of
mental resolution and physical vigor Under his
master hand we may expect TO hear 6r great results
in the policy Of Portugal looking toward an lberap
liberal union. ta