The New York herald., 1870-01-02


following special correspondence from British India.
furnishing q comprehensive survey OF the actual
CONDITION OF affairs existing IN the great Anglo
AsiAtfc empire on the 18TH OF November.
The General C0nditioa-iIow the Natives Feel
Towards tho GOvernment-The Wahhabee
Conspiracy-General DsloyaIty of tho
IIinGoos-Gradual Decay OF tho Old H,ndoo
Observation-Disclosures OF the Locomotive
Caste Remedy Against MiseeGenasion--
General LII Treatment Of the Natives-1he
Horrors Of the Great DIutiny-Prospccts
Of Russian Invasion.
BOMBAY, Nov. IS, 1902.
The first sensation OF q thoughtful traveller on
arriving In any part OF India Is OF wonder ut the
overwhelming majority Of the natives over the
dominant race. He already knows, OF course, that
this vast empire OF q couple OF hundred millions OF
souls is governed, a. the phrase goes, by
''handful OF white men," and he may believe, pos
sibly, In the old yainglorious boast that IAN
Anglo-Saxon can whip three Frenchmen, hye
Italians and army oil niggers.n But 1t II only as
he passes through the streets OF Calcutta or Delhi or
Bombay that he FULLY realizes the fact that the sub
ject race bears proportion victors OF nearly
o thousand TO one and not only is this so but this
small band or whites nave fearessly scattered them
selves over the length and breadth OF the land. In
each province 1t Is true there IS large military
camp OF iIom 10000 to 10000 European troops; out
by far the larger portion OF the English in India"
live In twOs ana threcs surrounded by twice Ms
many thousand natives to whom they administer q
more less pure variety OF justice, and from whom
IN return. they colect heavy, grleyously heavy,
taxes. Not unfreqneaty. In district comprising
600 500 square miles aud 10000 or is ooo natives
you win find only couple OF white men. In Cal
cutta ITSELF the seat OF government there are less
Il n IN Ara n "A IN IL
iion OF natives.
More wonderful Still than the striking disparity
OF numbers Is the object servty OF the weaker
This servlity differs In degree in various parts OF the
country. IL ID greatest among the ereminate
Bengaees 1t is less among the harder inhabitants Of
the PunJaub and Of the western coast; 1t ts least
among the tribes who dwell In the shadow OF the
Himaayas or IN the desert OF Sclnde. But wherever
Rwhite man journeys throughout this vast land he
meets with the Difference and respect which, from
the femotest ages the Asatc vassa has rendered to
his lord. No native approaches him without reve-
rental saaam or enters room with covered feet,
addresses hun otherwise than as lord" or 'your
honor.o Sometimes TO q new comer, or to man OF
very mild and misslonary-ike aspect, a dlsloyal
hearted Mussulman may perhaps venture to say
''toomn tyou instead Of .supna" your honor; but
tf an AngO-ndian should happen to be within
hearing the man VIII get severe beating for his
tmpudence. IL Is manifest to any one that,
80 far as externals are involved the
native population have been tanned down to
marvellous depth OF sub5ervience. Much or this
is due doubt, to the inherited instincts Of The
people, but 1t is still matter OF wonder that an
alien race, race too, deemed By all the Indians as
an unclean and inferior should manage to keep
their subjects at the same pitch OF degrading ODE.
d,ence as that to winch the Raahs and Mogus oil the
far past reduced them.
But are the peopie In very earnest loyal to their
present mastcrs9 Is their outward demeanor lair
expression or the reverence they feel towards the
"Burra Mem SahDn lthe lueel) and her representa-
tives, or is 1t only an exaggerated and nguratlve
means of exhibiting that more commonplace form
OF loyalty which an American cntertains towards
the federal Executive and the constitution, which
an Ensllshman feels towards the crown the House
OF Commons and trial by jury? Or Is II, on the
other hand merely hypacrtcal cloak for discon.
tent and bitter hate-a veil that conveniently covers
the treason which a favorable opportunity would
develop into open. ayowed, lorciole opposition 10
the existing authorlt.ess
ASK an Anglo-Indian what he thinks OF the present
condition or the country and he wlll tell you that
the governments was never more llrmy established
and that every year adds to It's popularity and
blly. He VIII never tire OF recounting the benefits
which British rule has conferred upon the people.
He VIII direct your eyes 10 the rapid growth OF
educational facilities; he Will ask you TO remember
how many young Indians there are among the
richer classes who skilled the learning OF the
West and he viii 20 the names OF The dozen or
score OF newspapers published by the natives in
tue English language for circulation among this
particular section OF te people. Can it be possible,
he VIII demand that men who read shakespeare
and Milton with pleasure can be other than loyal TO
sour governmentg' Then he wlll point TO the
purity OF the administrator OF JUSTICE the rapid
construction OF RAILROADS and telegraph lines the
abolition OF the darker rites OF the Branmn faith.
upon The funeral pyre OF their dead husbands, ana
the vel known swinging OF human victims, In
raled on Q huge hook, round pole In
But above all he holds up To your ad-
miring gaze the advantages OF a ''settlcd rule"
Ia Old times anarchy Was the chronic condition OF
the land every ieN wears the death assassination
Of raJah precpltated the people INTO The OF
+, civl war; rich mon were systelnaucay plundered
and poor men perished by millions In Consequence
Of tue desoatOn OF va5s tracts OF country All this
ne wlll tell you, and trutulIy, has been changed.
Whatever else she may Suilcr from India enjoys
the blessings o peace. 4le industry OF tnc country
no LONGER languishes from the insecurity OF the
government; lie and property sale Benares
or Lahore as Ia London or New York. Whenever
tne memory OF our Anglo indian flags aud q specific
penehta IaLs 10 occur 10 MS NINA ne carries Oh his
dlscourse-catches his mental breath as IL were-by
apanegl rc upon The system of 'law ana order,
Sith winch The genius OF ms fellow countrymen has
endowed the race over whom they hold sway. TINS
Lac grand lact, upon which ne manly relies To
fend the presence OF MS conpatrlots IN India.
but u on talk TO one OIL those same educated Him
docs whose "Englsh educailon' has been vaunted
you Will soon be struck by the remarkably dllerent
tone Ill wich lie speaks ol the government under
WnIcn lie lives. nave talked to maay among Them
VINO are men OF large wealth ana whose pecunIary
Interests are largely hound up IN the man enance Of
she powers that be.h 10 an Anerican--Lo any body
III TACT but AN English oiiicaltney 90 not hesitate 10
speak freely; and they speak In terms winch show
that tleI LABOR under IL sense OF many and great
grievances, ana which teioken state vi mind very
nearly approaching disloyalty. Many indeed for
reasons thal small give below, ayow tnelr desire Tor
any chaLge 81 government tnat may Le possible
even change Tor tie worse.
FIRST oi ni ~ IS necessary 10 bear IN mind that the
population Oh lnula IS " no means homogeneous.
Seven-el2lths are, II Is true indoos; but tue Mus-
SUI cans, VINO lorm the majority OF the remainder
are AZ Ieasl OF equal political importance. me
smaller SECTIONS oil the pupnlaton-tne Parsees the
various hlii trIDes, the NAIVE Catholics or portu-
Guese ana the Buddnisls-arc too InsiQnilcant IN
numt ers to demand any hoiice. SpclMing roughly
there are TWO great parties In the country-ne Mus
sulInans and the Hinaoos.
oi Inc nature ol The feelings OF the Mussulmans
towards the government, there Is no DOUBT wnaJ-
ever Thanks TO All accident 10 an imprudeace on
Tue par oil one OF its ftngeades, IN fdcG some SIX
Iholtis ago Vast Conspiracy, Iii wnleA the Moseln
Oh Tile empire IulDll-