The New York herald., 1870-04-02
monument at Paramount Cemetery. Sswsrz. N. >.


more advantageous relations to the commerce Of the
UnIted states may not be established and author
ns oa 70 SpPSn MPS ten aoas 10
day ard ten cents nile travelling expenses. Re-
lered TO the Committee on Commerce
CONSIDERATION OF THE TARIFF BILL.
The House At nali-oast one O'Clock went into Com
mlttee On the Tariff b'l Mr. Wheeler IN the char.
having first granted another extension OF an hour
lor general debate on the D.ll.
Mr. GARfiEI.D. rep OF Ohio, addressed the Com
saying OF Coeridge. THAT aOstract dennitons hai
aone more evil 10 mankind than war plague and
made TINS Tariir oil about Two aostract ideas
the one under the name Of free trade and the other
'1e name aSs q n AN ne p np
Schenck, mat a large part OF the debate dId not
apply to the pill, put merely to these abstract
doc trlnes lie believed tnat no one would deny that
tie scholarship OF the civilized world was ryor Of
free trade no one would deny that the largest part
IN the direction OF free trade.
Mr.. KELLEY. lrepl or Pal think it IS the very
minded Is towards the protective system.
Mr. GARFIELD was z ad that MS friend from Penn
o aiulorum oa which some more Of MS remarks would
turn In the consideration OF tarlr bill at tuis
Mae Two leading facts were TO be kept IN view;
cepts with one hundred and nifty million dollars OF
gold annually and second, The wants Of American
industry He objected to any view that would tleat
American Industry as one particular business.
Wherever ship was boaad 10 sea. wherever
plough furrowed the soil, wherever niue gave
forth It's hidden treasure, wherever railroad car
riet freight to market. there was inaustry repre-
sented. And he objected to any classification t0at
singled OUT pursuit between the driving OF the To-
coinotve, which dragged along Its laundering trains,
anu sne pying & or & the & or Woman's needle IA her
20 be found. lie eE!ogized the system OF internal
revenue taxation as applying to three things tllst.
IL taxed the vices OF the peopcther drinks, their
smokes ana their chews; THESE paid almost half
the taxes raised under the internal Reyeaue law;
second lr taxed the luxures OF the people and from
that source nearly oneiourth of the Internal revenue
come; third iJ taxed the realized wealth OF the
country IN the shape o. income and gross receipts.
fnese three tnings-vlces lnxures ana the realized
wealth of the country constituted the simple creed OF
@ reVeaus laXaton, ana ne believed the sys-
said tnat there were now AIS iron furnaces IN blast
Ia the United states, oil which nineteen were In mis-
district. This bii proposed to reduce the duty on
pig iron two dollars per ton, equivalent 10 twenty
two ana half per cent il the House thought that
tnat ought TO be done he would not resist IT,
although his constituents were opposed TO It, He
Thought II, however, Rather inconsistent on the part
| Of the Conmlttee On Ways and Means 10 provide
that castings In iron. such as water pipes the
cheapest aud coarsest kind Of iron castings
pay duty OF one and thIee.quarter cents per pound
equal to $3s 70 In gold per ton, and ne rmly OF
the opinion that the wsest thing which the proiec.
tianssts OF the House could DO was to reunlte IN
reasonable reduction Of the general OF duties
| ON Imported articles. He Was the wlsest man wac
saw the currents OF public opinion ana tried 10 pro-
| tect Industry against sudden collapse ana sud
| den change. II he did not misunderstand the rem-
per Of tne times protecti00sts would be compel led
II they did not do It OF tloir own votlOn to sroi
! to vlcient reduction, one which would without
|
vigorous way lie warned them that there would
| be u reaction which would break down the profec.
tive system and he blieved that the thing Its
Trends could do was to stand by and see that the
reduction was steadily, and prujently and carefully
made. lie warned them that there were fifty demo.
Gratis on the do r VINO were nearly all ayowedy free
traders.
| Mr. WooD, dem, Of N. VI do not know single
free trader NJ such, on this side of the house.
Mr.. Cox rose
Mr.. GARFIELD indicating him)-There is one.
| MIR. Oox-fes sfr.
Mr. AuNaEN, (dem) or Ohio-Here Ia another
Mr.. Woop-l anu IN favor OF tariff for revenue but
am not for absolute Tree trade; and believe that
TO be the general opinion on this side OF the House.
Mr. GARFIELD--ln addition to that force over yon.
der, let me say tnat II You draw line by the west
side or Ohio, by the north eide OF Arkansas you VIII
fnd nine States every one OF them republcail-soms
OF them overwfelmingy repubcan-yet, II have
aus out Of ne votes vote wsn IN nss ss
states cast on this noor there are ty-one who VIII
nS vote iSr e. reduction Of me G n some
tial reduction they are likely to 70 q good deal
further towards our democratic friends Than they
might otherwise 20. This fs the outline Of
the situation, but call the attention OF The
country 10 as one OF tho forces In the case. With
body, without saying, as some have said. tnat the
importers are utterly hostile to American interests
or without charactenzng the manufacturers as
greedy cormorants sucking the lfe.bood OF the ma
ton, we should look 10 the Treasury and the pos
sbiliiics OF the case, and like wise men, adjust our
selves 10 the situation and agree to come down to
suitable policy, which shall not accept either Of the
extreme doctrines urged on this noor
The House then proceeded to consider the bill BY
sections FOR amendment.
.0n motion OF Mr.. scHENcx, rep, of ohio after
dHcussioD the blank In the first section, fixing the
time when the bill is to go into efect, was filed with
the word "Octobern so that 1t shall go into effect on
The following clause having been reached, on
teas Of a Kinds twenty cents per pound, Mr.. LoUGH
proviso to admit, free OF duty tea when Imported
III American vessels or foreign vessels entitled by
reciprocal treaties TO exemption from discrminas-
Mr. Cox did not care particularly in what vessels
tea came 80 that 1t came free; but lie spprehenaed
that the proposed reduction on tea WAS only an
ingenious device to keep up the tariff Oh pig iron
and woOen and cotton goods.
Mr.. SCEENCx, trep.) Of Ohio, defended tho action
OF the committee, and said that the discrimination
proposed in Mr.. Louglrldges amendment would not
amount to anything. He would prefer direct vote
OH the question OF reducing or ab0lisnlng duty
on tea. lie thought that the condition OF the trea
sury would not justify further reduction to that
recommended by the committee Tue estimated
revenue on, tea at twenty cents q pound, was
$7s7s35l, although tue Tree traders. IN their pro.
get ten millions from that source.
Mr. ISaEnsoLL. repl Of H., suggested the pro.
priety OF having classification oil tea SO that the
higher classes should pay duty than The lower
classes.
Mr. scHENcK opposed that, as opening the doors
to fraud misrepresentation and undervaualions.
Mr.. STEVENSON, (rep.l OF OHIO, preferred to wipe
out that blot on the OIL aud let the country have
free Tea, as 1t ought TO have.
MI BOYD, ldemj OF Ky, supported the Same view
OF the question.
Mr.. AxTELL, (denl.) OF Cal. spoke on the general
subject OF tariff ana expressed his conviction tnat
Tree trade and cheap prices were deuslon and
snare.
Mr. WOOD gave his definition OF free trader to be
man In favor OF the abolition OF ali custom houses
and In favor OF the admission OF all foreign products
free OF duty. He was not ree trader In that sense
lie knew that the government must have revenue TO
pay Its expenses but ne was opposed to any tariff
Tor protection. He was also opposed to laying
horizontal duty Of twenty cents on all tea irrespect
I've OF quality, and proposed ad Uaorens duty OF
rve per cent which, he til ought by the increase OF
consumption, would produce as much revenue. I
Mr.. SCHEfcK SAID that at that rate the revenue.
instead OF being twelve millions at present would
De only $6aAooo The value Of tea imported last
year was Sl2 500, ,303. 10 produce same reyenuc
at i've per cent al t0tO7em would require
en- importation OF s1s5,0oo, 900 worth OF Iea-inore
than AL tbat was prOducod.
hr. MUNGEN declared himself a free trader, and
said that he was Tired OF all the talk and gabble
about protecting American industry. II men could
not make money in manufacturing iron they
could put their capital In something else
THE PRLtATR CALENDAR.
. After furthcr discussion, and without disposnY OF
the question, tho committee, at hafpast three
O'Clock, rose, aud the House then went
IN a