The New York herald., 1870-02-28

must result IN perpetulty or tenure III eoshnu anu
England. The only reason for " would pe that IL
the 0s 01 the sa
fSs fssorsss They sana hsa snersfsre @ Ss. wS
security Of tenure-not perpetuity-and to effect
privileges Of Inc iandiords-~pryilege. the abuse of
which, ne sorry 10 say had been the most pain
MI source Of the crime agitation ana disanecucn
res! OF Ireland ~ was insecure. 10 Ulster tne rents
had, with stability Of tenure in the last ninety years
the power OF the landlord was the greatest and the
tenant least secure, had not even doubled. In
tnan it was IN Ireland. the value OF the land rsnts ia
the same period had Increased tnreelOld; but IN
TO sse general
OF all, and the landowner had the least
power, the value OF the land had sextupied.
mad not tended TO increase the agricultural value OF
the land while that province was greatly poorer In
natural resources than any OF the other three. The
government did not intend TO give effect TO thus
that doctrine or TINS or that tne0ry, whether the
,easnses Mould Would es @ Longer or shorter whether ne
improvements should be MADE by the landlord or
the tenant. They wished to be guided py experience,
to take the circumstances Of Ireland % they found
them, and guided by experience, make the best ot
them. The bill would deal with the occupation ana
the acquisition OF land, " would have 70 be dealt
with as regarded the owner and the purchaser; but
,ne wnoie oi ne pp0ysons Wonia nos be coa.aiaed
to England and scotland a. well as Ireland, and
embrace such points as the facility OF transfer and
PROVISIONS Of the bill would refer exclusively to Ire.
land, While The nrst provision, as regards the
owners. would relate To the powers OF nmsed
owners with respect 10 lease ana sale aud assist.
ance would be given by loans OF public money to
occupiers disposed and able 20 purchase from the'
landlord who wished 10 introduce this practice on
his estate. II woud only apply IN eases ia winch
the tenants were willing to buy and landlords to
scll and he had not been very sanguine a. TO this
provision being extcnsyely used Until ne heard OF
u case OF tho tenantry on the Waterford estate,
which they we're anxious 10 puy up. This privilege
would be confined 10 the OccaDiers, but relaxation
would be allowed IN case OF occupers combining to
tney could buy iour-dItn OF it. assistance by loan
would be gwen 70 other parties n0E Occupters, to
reclaim waste land by making roals ana erecting
wonld be entrusted to the Board OF Pubic Works Ia
DnbiD. whose dnty " would be to see that fair
case was made our for it and that the public was
amply secured for It's advance. The next point was
the slin more important one OF compensation; put
Brst Of all he had 10 state that the new law wo3ld
be administered by o distinct Judicial machinery,
which would be twofold-the Court Of Arbitration
anditne Civil Bln Cours as they were called IN the
bill. The former would be cOurt voluntarily con-
srituted invested with powers TO enforce The law;
the latter would pe the cvi side OF
be powers to reserve causes for higher
tribunal, which would consist OF the judges OF
held tnree times year. This court wOuld also re-
serve cases Tor what MAS called the bill the Court
OF Land Eases & ID p9n M n nnca %oSm ee &C cons
mon law and equity, and this court would be In
vested with very great powers and latitude. lie
now came to the question OF tenant right OF which
tney had four kinds to consider; the FIRST was the
Ulster system, The second was the customary right
which prevailed In certain parts, but mad not the
definite character OF the Ulster system; the third
was the large class OF sccupiers VINO had no prOtec-
ton whatever, and the foarth was the case In
which the landlords sensible Of the ev which
prevailed, had voluntarily granted leases, either
IN the English or SCOTCH fashion or in the
Irish fashion, for periods OF long duration. without
covenants as to the building and improvements BY
the landlord. with respect to the Ulster question:
the bill would refer exclusively to holdings held for
agricultural purposes, ana the court would have
nothing do bu, after examining the facts OF each
case, TO stamp II with the approval of the law sub
Ject TO two exceptions-frst, II the landlord having
bought up the custom. and that the tenant taking
the benefit of the Ulster CUSTOM snoud not oe eli.
ltled to the benefits OF the other clauses or tho bill
Tue Otner local customs were more difficult to deal
with. There was general usage Tor the incoming
Wa or " WHOM tie consen, Of the Iansord and il
was considered only wise TO recognize these Gus
toms, aud the court would pay certain regard TO
rights by granting lease for thirty-one years. IN
tic Of great majority OF occupers who, being
tenure, they would be dealt with on . scale OF
damages Tor eviction, with Limitations IN case OF
OF subdivision there were special provisions in
tenantres OF fifty pounds value year and in those
600 ana ~ c1ses ysra =, esv1n "a r r a at
improvements enected BY tie tenants, which were
Of very minute character. The presumption OF
the present law that the improvements had been
made Dy the landlord would be reversed,
bat ia all improvements IT would bp essen
tlaI that they were suitable 10 the agricultural
purposes Tor which the farm was Iet This
change W0uld nece ssarlly be retrospective ors
claiI1 could be made for improvements OF more iban
wenty years standing, unless ior permanent build
ngs Or the reclamation OF land, or II made under |
eases or contracts existing. and sue court would |
lad enjoyed the benefits. There would oe no claim |
or improvements erected contrary 10 future con-
,,l,red ior the due cultivation OF the farm and toe
and. The landowner, under certain limits with
respect 70 leased LANDS the government dtd not wish
compel, but to encourage leases 80 that the land
lord could bar AL claims ior damages by giving
leases for tinrtyone years, except under the Ulster
system; bnt the tenant Nonu still have q fJgnt to
i0r permanent buildings and for he re-
OF land. In other respects tbs ieases 3s
regarded the rent and the nature OF the covenant
mist be subject TO the approval OF the court t order
TO secure the leases being entered INTO upon terms
OF equality Powers would oe reserved to the own.
ers to retain the good VIII under leases OF thirty.
years II the tenant MADE the improvements; or
twenty-ouc years, they did 1t themselves. The
but he cited cases Of exorbitant renis being nsked
ard agreed TO be paid, Which IL was impossible
conid be fairly paid. Every man, lrishman or mol,
ought TO be bound Dy his voluntary contracts; nut
considering the state OF things Ia Ireland,
il was desirable to give the court powers 10
lecare that IN such cases The landlords were
not eutiticd to come within the advantages OF
ns bill In OF eviction the notices must oe Tor
Twelve months, and nor SIX a. now given at the ast
value. IN accordance with the report OF the select
the county cess, IN all cases OF new
between the owners and occnpeIs; but those under
.he value would be at once relieved. The govern
rent were well aware tnat the measure was not u
perfect one; but they sincerely desired the co.
operation or all parties TO make II so. a. FAR pos
siDic during Its passage through Parliament. they
wlsh IL TO respect the rights Of property and secure
10 the occupers the due enjoyment or the fruits OF
ddustry. Iney mad lgyen tne landlord better &C.
cugy FOR his rents and Just but pualified power OF
eviction, with due provisions against the great
evils OF sub.let.ing and subdivision while 10
IAe peasant 'ney had secured the only great
boon Parliament couh provide FOR hiul--the better
aud steadieT demand Tor bis labor IN conclusion,
me right hon. gentleman remarked that IT, with Ne
assistance Of the house, the provisions OF this bill
we're fairly adjusted and to the satisfaction or the
Irish people he trusted they might i've 10 seq ,heir
work prosper IN .their hands and that in Ireland,
wEich iney wished unite with England and Scot
and in ties OF goodwill snd amity, they might hnd
peace order anu cheerful industry dirusing their
blessings from year 10 year, and from dsy 10 DAY,
over q smiling isnd. Loud cneers.I
MI. GAgHoREE HARDY, ip the absence Of Mr.. Dis |
rasii suggested that the discdason should 0e post
poned TIL lne second reading
Hf. GLAbsTosg stated that lie hoped III. arrange. |
ments OF tns non. members on both sides would
permit the second reading 10 be taken aoout the ,h