New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1870-01-29
COOPERATION ABROAD.
RUSSIA.

RUSSIA.
RUSSIAN LABOR MovEMENT-THE GUILD Law
KNAyIsH MERCHANTS - GROWTH OF THE
RURAL COMMUNEs-FAIRs OR MOVING CEN
TIERS OF COMMERCE-FUTURE OF TIE RUS
SIAN LANGUAGE.
BARCELONA, Dec. Tin my recent letter on
the Russian Industrial movement merely arrived Mt
that point where great civil powers suddenly found
themselves variance with each other by reason OF two
powerfully represented administrations peculiar In
lineage and characteristic one tho "y6tch6."
muna farms and villages of the original inhabitants the
Other the Muscovite Capitalization or the war power
Of the invaders, which had softencd s reign over
these enslaved communities whose entire philosophy was
founded and had for centuries been pracced upon prn
cples Of peace and equality to uominay accord them
their prmeval rights These ronsated rights are denom-
mated the a,onoie popae 1t IL 10 perceive that
these two powers are radically opposite both IN method
and detail; the being sullenly monaichc the other
excessively democratic; the one rich, brilliant, en-
ghened by Of contacts with intellectual nations,
as well as ry It's wealth, exacted from It's labor ee-
mont the other benumbed by degradation and unintel-
lectuazed by that freedom OF opinion which their sys
tenn creates when allowed Its natural liberties 1t Is
easy TO perceive that the Muscovte Capitalization must
in OF time, disappear before the Vctchc popu
Iare" and by the autonomy Of the province, the city
must lose s Significance for should the liberties OF the
communes left unenthraled the city which Is now the
dominant power must be reduced TO Its title and pat
rmonial FOnci6re.
TO prove this Il is only necessary to refer to the sta
stica tables which have collected simply to show the
magnitude and tendencies Of these Republican panta-
tons There were before the emancipation about 800
rifles or cities which formed the capitals chief cehters
Of ali these agricultural communities The number OF
these agricultural communes Ia greatly In excess OF
this as the eentors or rS used chief markets,
whose functions Rerlink themselves in aid OF the rural
viages their auxiliares. These centers are taxed
stated figure each and the Government, which the move
| ment denOminates the Imperialism, has increased tho
number TO $50 order TO augment the revenue This
augmentation is considered tyrannical strategy OF the
bnr auoTities 10 force taxation upon the coinunes,
aud forms important point Of discussion among me co
operators These $50 Chef cenets they mona 10 De so
many nests Of plumber for the functonarcs OF lmpo
! riaIsm. -
societies there exist the merchants or interchanGer
! Thee however stand poor chance here for two rea
lagos such that radcsmcn are not necessary; and sec
| ondly. the Gould Law" Of the Government reduces
thcir profits TO almost nothing while IL aggraVatrs inc
people by the exactiOns and tricks OF tho merchants
whose knaycry is pardOnab!o only by reason OF una
voidablc circumstances. To become merchant ut all
the candidate must register himself by paying gutd
| license The government has found that these
sdnrities or rural conmuucs are after ALL the bass Of
iis wealth. and Is seeking 10 multiply them also to INTRO
ducc their principle INFO The ciuos while many OF the
merchants are discouraged and abandon themselves 70
inempelauce ana assured that tho average OF su
cides twenty per cent higher among them tha IN any
other class OF the GOOOO0CO inhabitants of Russia there
are ACg6 merchants OF TIE rst class. Or the second
class l1l93 and Of the third 3lsTt3 ms males ihueh
smaller vcgge OF scerS than Is often found lseNheIe
| In proportion To the producing population.
From these statements aid figures II Is easy 10 observe
that Russian Industry in view OF ITS recent liberties
granted by the Gar Is In FAR way or dcYc!Cpment
The mOntpUy Of merchants which forms the very basis
Of tho industrial economy that a,tonshes the world
with its cooperative system elsewhere is almost entirely
ruled out rather has been able to obtain foot
hold and question has only TO develop upon old roots
without destOyiDg erdd!catng local dlcplucs when
shacke its progress where. As for the quarrcls aud
lltigutOns that torment the communal villagers,
they appear only To be troubles that naturally spcrlenc
upon great and unexpected events Inc suIgttt seems
very important one at this moment since WIN II Is
solved question of the tenure or lands; ana II these
people really possess the Intelligence and susceptibility
TO enl glicnwcnt AID progress claimed Tor tncm there
may, in the far East problem solved which Will yet
command The imitation OF The progressive West Russia
many parts tlitly settled, but the cities are few.
than 90 per cont 81 her population are ~ the cOun
try. The merchant, therefore, VINO always seeks Zoe
mart occupies gIIttaut part ana cOnsealCpfa
there comparatively strife between proabrr and
consumer. no bOurgcose, no fixed ceneys ~ commerce
| Commerce has taken anaihgr t0Il's. through me
fOires" Udirs) tets
to Russia which IN itself dc3pys the Incentive for city
growth The cotton auLJ>cturcd IN the Departments
the Vladimir and tho rrIor Is distributed 20 the ucOpe
at the fairs Not opr the cotton wooden and other woven
goods fon dirance thus DISPOSED or but also all
other hrp"tes foreign and domestic, whether raised or
Manufactured, change hands at these meetings, which
aye hed periodically in the commercial villages in IRA
leTua barcIug way strongly anala 10 Tie patriarch
ghe commimists o. Russia are an industrious peace.
loving people. They possess very strong attachment
for their homes and peculiarly separated from Euro
pcaus by language aud habits Prof NOgt whose Tepu-
tatIOn plIlOlUgs Is well earned Informs that their
language has points worthy Of attention. and l. certain TO
become OF the most prominent Tongues OF the world
II rich in terms and extremely fpFCbe in expression
ana llie most other languages that have unGoron the
Ordeas ol time ana dllsOD remains pure. Even the
very frontiers where other speeches degenerate into local
Vernaculars, the Russian Preserved itself intact Tic
tongues to DO incapable Of or Lave no affinity for, alb
| sOrbng them ,-.-a