, 1870-12-24
THE FARM AND GARDEN.

better purchase forty OF eighty aerss, ard
reserve = part Of hls funds to
aid in the improvement. The great
mistake Of our young falmesa il in their
ambition to grasp too much land.
The speculetor who has capital can invest it
in laEd, SIT by, and holdHor rise; not 30
OF the farmer Of limited mcana. He needs
his capital for his tools. II fa his meSns
whereby he is to make him q home for hia
family, and by which he becomes his own en-
plover. He must have team, h4rnese, seeds,
and supplies for 1T least six months, before It
is safe TO enter upon the purchase Of = faem.
tue amount is decided upon for the purchase
Of land, and, in case it "a not improved, he
will need fences and buildings. In case he
goes when land is cheap, be ALSO goea bsTond
The reach Of ! reldy market. All this il on
the Tresumrtion that the young man intends
keeping
With tho praeent habit Of selling out, one
can purchase farm Of 10, so, or 160 acres IS
cbeapiy, CT il not more 60, than to first pur-
chase The land aud improve it. Men purchase
lasd at low prices. and, after years Of hard
spirit Of unrest il upon them, and they must
sel out to 50 through the same acenes again.
They may purchaee more land ne1t time, but
they must have the same struggle foI I neT
home. The long distance from market, tue
want OF social intercourse, schools, aud roads
follow with certainty, for It is the absonco Of
these that make cheap lands-
Very few farmers who sell to better Them
sclvcs, as it IL c1lled, succeed in doing it. The
farmer who purchases An improved farm
mako money, whether the farm Is largo
enough to need more labor than his Own, Of
one That that he can manage with his own Ia
bor, provided all things ass favorable.
Farming is just like any other business that
lequires caritzl, skill, and labor. Tho buei-
nces man, who owns hia o IN buildings and fix-
tu1es, saves rent. and may venture to put-
clate part Of his stock on credit but It ia not
eafe 10 put Ills whole capital into the building
and fixtures. It ia the same In case the farmer
inyeets his capital in unimproved lands, ard
1uns in debt for improvements and means to
carry him beyond the harvest. In case busi-
ness fails. or the harvest ia short, hc ia At
once put TO lii utmost to bridge over to fa-
ture period In either case, the Eisk Ii large,
rs We can see on every baud By tho disastrous
conditions that follow.
Tho Western farmer knows nothing Of the
sanctity OF = homestead, as be parts as frccly
[ with the pAternAl acres as he does
Wheat; h to him tho . quarter % section u l.
worth Just what it. will fetch in the market,
this view Of i, for be simply requires cheap
arabic land that will grow grain, without re-
| gard to other condieons.
We will look At this in another light, and
chow that what arc Gale cheap lands ase not
] always the really cheap landa 70. the farmer. A
| yorng farmer with hts wife had better rent .
I farm we'll located.-as the t1adesmsn or me-
\ chAnic rent their stande,-Apl divide tho
| profits, 1ather than seek lands because
they coet small aum, bat yet must be
improved at disadvantage. and, ia the end,
coet more than thes could be purchased for,
10 BAY Letting Of tho }oss Of tinas In Tie im-
prove ment, for farmer cannot grow crops
The {irst year and, At the Same time, make
the dst1ea improvement.
When farmer buys too much 1and-that ia,
hbtorbs bis capital in Its pu7chase-hs b.
CONT helrless, fol he must make his improve
mep,s on borrowed capital, and th.t, ~ every
o1e inoHe, costs 10 per cent, to which ex.
pcnses a1o added. THIS will make : greater
a1ain Oh his in lustry than tie liseln tho v.lue
Of the land will generally ofset- Then, to
| addition, lie he has an increased amount Of
I taxes TO carry. 1.-The cannot borrow The cap
ital. his land is unproductive, and he becomes
| simply 1iud Epeculatur.
TIE advise that would give young farm.
or who htd e, o01 aud deeired to settle east
Of tho Misxifslppi, would ee to carefully e1-
smine the several locations that would meet
his TASTE, as to quality Of soil, aspect, gooe
neighborf, schools, roads, and markets, an
eelect m improved farm Of 50, CO. 80, or i0t
acres that Lis funds would justify hin il
purchasing. zeserring sufficient to calry hin
beyond the harvest. No matter il hia sArn
il TOO emall to tuit bis views, be can sdd to i
.. 1t his pleasure when be has the money, or III
| msy sell out snd purchase larger one.
Fifty acrea will give one man full employ
| | ment Is i grim farm II ha hAa 160 acres, b,
. / Will BE- obliged to havo ous or t1o men to ~
! | elst him be will need larger house for thei
accommodation, more teams. moro lmple
ments, and more ready money for current e1
| pepece, It would, therefore, be the height o
folly to inveat Il GOO out Of $4,000 in the pu1
. l chsee Of an unimprored farm.
,, Railroad was in selling their lands On Ion
! time, as it induced large purchases on spec1
! 1asion by pereoEs without moahs. aal tho il
j tercst carried them under. Tbs result
i thAt 1ssge proportion OF those purchaser
are now on homestead 1auds, or west c
. Of the Mississippi, and their purchase
, are divided up into email honesteads.
4 Tile measure retarded the settlement OF tt
;. country without corresponding advantage
u the parties iuterested- No fsrmer ehoul
I pu.ehase more land than he can convenient;
e occupS or r1cfitably use. II hc has surpls
= | Of fund.-. La can do better with it in 9th,
:. equally safe Investments.
: II Is very Eare that Western farmer b
le money to lend, while the reverse il the case
Ie tue EAst- In one c1ee the farmer has I
| more isnd tLan he can properly manage, II
in tie other be is made poor BY owning t
| nufQ lA0u- ~ u6 lhuu tpttulAtoI WA0 C1
whit long years fn1 the improvement of Il
country, may, in the end, realize = profit Il
|" his pokierity. but the farmer with small meal
; must 20 inyest it t.sat the PROFITS are at 4
'- times available.
Three-fourths Of farmers are too ambisio,
J. to get tich at once bug large farm. gat
:, | deb, for material and labor, are compelled
cell as baa stage Of the market or win
other work needa their attention, and, il th
o do tot fail. they hare one continual stEugg
u for e1,stenee. HID they been content
y J. operate With their own capital md libe
II posltinn. No wonder that Ne hare clio
i money market in the couutsy. aud that Il
y 1ur1l population complain Of hard times
J. bard times that this system Of bad mAuAg
y makes the rnoney-lspder snd the speculas
q richer 1t the expense Of honest, though nj
E / directed, industry.
ii n S. E, OF Brookville, kan., wrtes in +
s. gard 10 the ripeuing Of the cora planted Nsr
I 50; and, also, expresses his regrets th1t the /
- ] among vheat for 8 mulch came 70 hte-.t
3u Coutra1y to the usual resu}ts. the earl
ut planted corr, this yesr. produced the hshte
= crop. it having suffered more from the drou
y. u At the time Of forming The e1rs. which were,
= ~ not form 1t al. Com planted IN this part
St the State II April did not produce n.lf
ae much as that planted after the middle Of Ma
cf CsuAlly it Is the reverse. snd farmers consid
= the crop 4 sure one II planted previous
~ May Is,
Is Too little attention is paid 70 the kisch
be garden by our farmers The excuse II "
is OF time This Ia not tine, for the fatmef b
= = time ioF th.t xbieh I'll Ply p best: III !,
Pc M proft TO that Of The cornfe'd. to limited {
se tent, tber, he has the time to devote to L
Ie- garden, though less tine fcs the corndeld.
he state il uaore clearly. euppoae he plant 10
70 acres leas corn. and devote the time 20 t
0a garden, and thus fur1ish his family with
=, 4bundant supply Ct seasonable vegetable
~ ~ But here comes !itt1e diAicuity: the farr
~ knows Gttle about growing vegetables. {
:ly has he the patience to thoroughly prepare :
1t soil foe the more delicate seeds at the Ea;ds
y that can be had for the assipG. is Londrss
~ Rural Register, publiaLed 1t PnilsGclFfla.
~ Ttere Ia llwaya much complaint in req
Il to poor seed That there Ia much poor se
~ slid 10 farmers Il 70 doubt true. but = IA
=! p.rf Of tho cnmplsints have no foundation
eh truth In them. the fault being in tho p
~ ~ preparation OF the eoiL 4 deep, rich. tn
sSe commipu.ed Eoit is essential to success.
to Register gives the best direction in the Ia
Ill space that have sean. When one has
'on be epread on. I'd ploxed urder. but prs
ehs The blowing fsst and top-dres-ias Attetw.
~. ~ then following with The harrow and rol
he xten Il is reaa5 for the hand stee1 rake
ere Ibis l1ttc1 mode. Am not 0Ve8.utce Ia rec
as- to manure, ,prsf fsr1ing that direct from the
be ttab9e provided it i free from Litter aud
eaS seeds Of veeds- Ezrl7 potatoes, beans. p
pas 1ua sweet cc1n. beets, onions, lestuce, Eadls
81. cabbage, eauGaoxer, etc.. are. - Mrr: Too
le.t would kAy. very hico 10 nave IN lne1f aes
| en- tho family table.
hat Nov Il good dme sostudy the situation
!ls ~ req shat eeeds a.e required. and to hare I