The New York herald., 1870-06-03

|
uemahd the protection or our personal Interests at
| home VINO can deny, IN the lace OF the constant
RACES RACES upon the rights and persons OF American
,hat !, has been difcult Tor us 10 avoid an
would Justify the government in recognizing
hut hut Independence OF Cuba or declaration OF war,
emergency by, specific measures, precisely 10 the
eaen. required but not further. at Is facts alone,
our action" ana his not only .alper the iaose OF
Ieasonape PERIOD" but alter a brutal nicrneclne
armed conflicts, after the slaughter OF thousands OF
lives, anu wheh there Is only "llttiei' bur no
gle" And 1t is to be notIeee ee sss"s- esne-
cialy: tnat the resolutions proposed follow ine
point, that It conempates a continuance OF the
struggle on the land, and not "upon the ocean, It
maintain The neutrality OF the United States within
ms Nmit, under tIe resolutions FOR which we ask
are thus within the almost boodiess scheGnie Of
"facts" prescribed by Mr.. Adams IL Is gratifying 10
xas% xnSw that y which a. rS;s t me
has hitherto adopted whenever and wherever The
cause OF liberty has been involved. The principles
which have governed the American people In cases
OF this character are stated by Mr. Webster IN his
letter as Secretary OF State 70 the representative OF
ell, 1850. No State paper was ever more
enthusiastically or unanimously approved by the
American people than The 'HuIsemann letter. it
carries back to the doctrines OF the founders or
our government IL recalls the declaration OF Phti-
more, the abesr OF English commentators on inter-
national law that The right OF government to pro-
,ect It's citizens wherever commoran aud the right
ence Of another constitute y, scss" the @ foandaton %
OF the law of nations. II is the Ameri-
holy alliance 's a. Oppressed 'Hi''' ia the raybacs
circular, that new States could only be tolerated
Mr. weesser iSed Only to make this decara,on sis
LIE would have been victory. .'ft Is the right OF
into friendly relations with every other independent
State or course. questions Of prudence naturally
OF
but It is not to be required OF neutral
Of the new eva povernmena OF the palent STATE. No
principle OF public law has been more frequently
within m me the WoIs Last ,an h BY ae
period eight or ten new States have established in
dependent governments, within the limits OF colo
mai DOMINION or Spain on this Continent, and iu
Europe OF the same thing has been done by Belgium
and Greece. The existence of all these governments
| Of Europe, well as by the United States before
It was acknowledged by the States from which they
States had gone far TO acknowledge the inde-
pendence OF Hungary, although, as the result has
one from which no benefit would have resulted to
! either party, it would not nevertheless have beenan
The they icoR no As part her "o Contest 0~H With
| Austria" works Of Daniel Webster, volume VI,
doctrines; but we do not go SO far as to ask tho
House TO apply them In the case Of Cuba. Mr.. Can
Cong feSay s ISIS that s to the pro-
priety OF admitting States which had successfully
shaken on their dependence on the m0tnef country
the rights or nations, there could be no dispute.
There were two ways OF proceeding. were the case
more . ss and m win & asspea
s.:s' 4 ;sJ ss,
tiansard's Par. Deb, second series, vol. xii, p.
7sl at is not ty formal stipuatons or solemn de.
| Of the proposed acknowledgment OF the Spanish
American colonies by Great Britain, ''that we are To
recognize the American Staes kbur by measures OF
practical policy the neutrality-suspicious. part OF which
is the act OF sending receiving diplomatic agents.
appreciation Of the successful revolt intimaon OF
opinion concerning the justice or Injustice OF the
| means by which II has been accomplished The tacit
recognition OF new State not being Judgment for
the new government or against the old Is not devia
ton from u perfect neutrality just cause III
offence to the dispossessed ruler" tMaeintosh's
Works, p. 748.)
self-evident and patriotic doctrines. We ask only
that in the armed contest IN Cuba the existence Of
or the United States shall be proclaimed and en-
forced. We ask for Cuba nothing but justice-that
justice which Mr. Burke said Is the chief concern OF
mankind II Is a misconcepnon OF fact to assume
that BY Q declaration o. neutrality we grant beI-
bic and natural right, admitted OF all men,
TO fight against oppression for the liberty OF
the hand OF tie opprcssor. II we cannot espouse
the cause OF liberty we ought at least to stand neu-
law OF nations-the enlightened code OF the civilized
| wond-deHnes the rights and applies the law OF bel
st,lates for the rapne and murher OF barbaious
s enoreea py are natony
Is neutrality There is no word in the
Greek or Latin tongue nat is equivalent Of the term
the ancient LANGUAGES, says Wheaton, is evident.
The rules OF war, followed by the most civilized ma
tOns Of antiquity, did not permit one nation TO en-
| JOY peace while n,ighboring states were engaged In
war The people were allies enemies That appears
now to be the doctrine OF Spain. The development or
the laws OF neutra:s Is one OF the most fruitful and
useful conquests OF modern civilization. The neutral
ing, as far as possible, TO extend and protect the
terests OF peace. tBlnntschli, page 375 There
State stands entirely aoof from the opera ions OF
war war giving no assistance or eoanenance to either
ligerents have equal liberty TO pursue opera
ton tons OF war or TO purchase military stores within
and powers not parties to the war must treat botn
beigerants alike as friends" tWoosey's Interna-
says dis ns the most 0' peree I'M
partially; second absaining absolutely from all
as manne e ae%e o
nation that, without aliying Itself TO any OF the
G an % e u the a Winch s e e S ss
state TO another. fhe neutral Is the common friend
Of both parties and m consequently con Is not a. liberty to
lLawrence's Wheaton, p ee7.l Bynkershock states
TO DC the duty Of nearas to be In every way careful
| not to interfere In the war, and to do
equal and exact justice to both parties.
Neutrality consists in entire inaction relative The
by acts in regard 10 the beseTents, 50 far as mat
impartiay has relation to the war and to the means
direct and immediate Of prosecuting it. This den-
milton by Hubner Is cited with warm approval by
Hautsieullle. Nol. l., P. Se3,. Wheaton speaks
United States as ''the great champion or the
rights OF neutral States. Since the time OF GreetIus
the law OF Europe has become settled that aeutras
have the right to trade with bellgereas excep. IN
those cases in which neutral commerce would afect
! the issue of war by interfering az to assist
! either party in the contest. IL Is founded in
most treaties Of commerce that either party snaii
have full liberty trade with the enemies Of the
other during war. ManAng's Law OF Nations p. 1921
With The exception OF the treaties Of whitehall,
|, 1889, between Great Britain and Holland, against
| France, and that OF the European Powers against
France in l793 there has been interruption OF the
| general rule that neutrals have the full right OF
trading with beliigerents In time Of peace, except
In cases when such commerce would interfere
with belligerent rights There Is nothing in CON-