davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15

conn tLuc iNutllh OAl
wuils,likG some of the unhappy "iu-
teFviewed,9 have been pumped till
they are nearly exhausted.
Ben. Butler disprOves the old
proyerb that the devil cau quote
scripture. He said IN Congress
that "the good book tells US that
there is more rejoicing in heaven
over one lost soul returned ia
righteousness, than over the souls
Of q thousand Just men made per-
feet" Some of the Democrats
gniIAwed aud Benjamin. was some
what, ~discomftted when the libra
rian, In response to his demand for
a Bible, sent him along with il the
celebrated sermon on 4 Sharp OF q
Thousand Stripgs.'
4 Cora Pearl has reformed. Sht
won, recently. some money, at Thy
Baden Baden gambling heil, ant
with IL she bought a little villa q
Bellevnle, where she says sue vii
live in strict retirement. Her dia
mgnds are said to be worth thret
hundred thousand franks, and
leading Partisan jewelry firm haI
offered to pay herfOr them an an
nual pension Of eighteen thousand
francs during her lifetime.
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15

QUAY 800
We u1u e8l1Ilgs oAles
.afIEwau Ewhnr 8MnalEc4
60 iuFantiom 81 w1at maEi6 u y
n imnr0Fea steam aaaae which
render it imp0salhle Cor an
enaineer z. Fieiaie he lev Ia r1ier-.
enee. to maHIng q au Increased
InFessnFeof aieam over and above
what The law permits. by this
mvena0n, st8ala the englneeF vlO-
llais the law be cannot escape the
responsibility, as the gauge VIII
exhibit tOothe inspector the fact
that he hasdOna 90, aud how often
daring bis Trip. The guage eau be
pat up, IL necessary IN the cabin
80 that al passengers can see for
themselves the violation 0fthe law,
andiit shoald be their duty TO re-
port II pROmsptly 10 Che nearest In
spect0E. oIflhis rule IL adopted;
Wenprndict fewer explosions and
less racing on our rivers and .
consequent decrease in the destruc-
ton oil life and property. This in-
vention Is simple and will add very
little to the cost Of the gauge. W
The hatcher arrived shortly after
dusk last evening. Captain 7. p.
Lealhers informs as that his great
steamer left New Orleans with
abOutA0 tons freight, and having
made forty4one landing, at three Of
which she lost one hour and fifty
five minutes, she made the dis.
lance 70 Natchez iii 25 hours and Al
minutes. o'-
Al exchange says: 1870
LIABILITY or STEAMBOAT OwK-
ERs.--A case Of considerable inter
est TO travellers. has been decided
by the New York Court Of Com
mon Pleas. VIA ~a5A salt brought
By enc Mackliu against the New
Jersey Steamboat COMPANY. The
plaintiff. In August 1866, took pas
sage Onathe steamer st. John, AnC
OaRrieda ANAL yalise with him Y
hiAi SAteFO0m. Locking the door
be bid gOOd-bya t0R friend, AM
EetpFniDR q few minutes alter
. found his yelise gopes On The trl'
Al1he defendantS insisted that the!
hadfplaCed everYWhere about 'thi
boat notices 20 paasepgera tina
they must leave theiS baggage il
the baggage.Ro0ms and had evel
placed peTH0ns on the stairs lead
Ing tOthe atstarToOms to molly thi
nassengeFs OfthtsFuJe, The plain
tiff denied that he had seen an!
snQh notice, or been notified In am
wAFrn0litO place his baggage In III
~stste-FOOm. The jury found for thl
rIplaintiK. The defendants appeal
ed, and are now beaten on appeal
court holding that the defendant
, are liable as COMMON carriers 70
their passenger baggage, an'
though they have the right TO max
I reasonable regulations to tn
knowledge of the passenger 10 be
come defense, aud that a rcgula
ton preventing passengers fror
retaining with them articles 0
( daily use would not be reasonable
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15
PRANK ?. H0BD, JAS. ". TAYLOR,
Late Of Kentucky Latof Ky. g. n. 3.
MERCHANTS HOTEL,
Fifth Street, near Main,
CINCINNATI, OHIO.
HORD s TAYLOR, PrOpr's,

HAVING leased this well. known and
having Thoroughly rentted and refurniShed
u. F~eRnrdiese Of expense, we are now pre-.
pared to accommodate the travelling public
IN q manner second 70 10 Hotel In the city.
We bring TO the management the experience
Of ANY years, and p'edge ourselves that
every attention shall be paid 70 the comfort
Of our guests. We respectfully Solicit the
patronage Of those visiting the city.
CNcINNATt, Nay, Teee. seplt.Wsn.
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15

UnlMPROvBD lands in Burnett
county Texas, Ofthe best quality,
can be had Al 81 90 an acre, and the
State gives one hundred aud sixty
acres of landtO any person who
win settle aud live on II Tor three
Yeara. . ~ 10 M. ,
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15
Jonv BOWLS Estate. b. r. EDW AIDS, EN'r
Final Account.

mo Sarah i. Drew and Newit brew, her
i husband, John W. Bufcleld, Eugene +.
Bsrcneld, r. J. Bareheld, and tho unknown
heirs OF JAMES Hoffman, and all other per.
sons interested In suid estate. /.
You Me hereby cited to be and
pcr. onaIlv appear before the Probate
uOurt OF Warren County. Mis-, is,ippi, at It's
neat February term, on Menduy the first
day Of the Term, 10 show cause &c any you
can why the final sCcOunt OF said Executor
should not DC al owed as prayed fol-;
j.. ii. CHAPPELL.
d.ri7.td ulerk.
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15

In the Circuit Court o. the
United States for the south
0Sn District Of Mississippi.
-oOeL' :. q. ). So b IA equity

nahartL Haltland, Comp'tA
v. e. 10 81 IA equity
Andrew Tunbhli. Dert.
nURsUkHT ~ . dogree fFola zoe t4rcait
COurtofthe nited states f0F the South
era District af MissisMppt TeBdeFei ~ the
shove styiei case, on enc - day o. Mays
A -Igsn. the uHdertignet lMarion tmithl,
snbsfituteiby order OF said U8uft 70 eNecnfe
sala decree 10 the pluce Of d. v. AuHt' Jr.
a. Th1rsday she sOth Of Janu.
Rrys A. D. 1896
=, the courthouse door Of Isst1U nA county,
In The state Of mississippi. within the houHs
ole n. and 4o'el, OK ?. y. sell at public ven
dine 10 the n ghest bidder Tor cash, the land
and tentm nts and per Onal property dc.
serbed In said c0mplainants' oil Of CON
plaint and said decree, or " mitch a. VIII
satsfy said cOInplainAnis dsbt ava COST Oh
: uit. 70 Wit:
: All that certain tract or parcel Of Land
ying and being IN the County OF ra4us
.iu,cs aid and STATE Of Mississippi, ana cOIa.
pri,ing all OF ,ectlon ten. oontainingRo iO;l0
acres; al Of &c lion eleven. containing
Cas- 54.iOi acres; Lot ., aad siSty.lVe acre
In Lot one. sect'U twelve, containing 1T
ngre,: Lot three In sec loo twenty ont, con.
tainirg seyentT.siX acres; al Of iEacVoaa
section twenty-five. containing - :, "
| acres; all Of section iWenty-ssven' contain
ing $40 acres, all Ia tos nship Nineteen
range niue west, ChocEtaw Ian dlslflet
containing twenty-three hundred acres
more or less, tie same being the tract ss9
Hliy known A. Wildwood, together vita oil
! me hcreditameuN 2 aprufte
mace. mulrs, iATmsng implement, aii'
0ther took on sal I plantation. ana inSl4ie'
In the Iced Of trust mentioned IN said bil4 Q
complaint.
On paynen. Of the purchase MONEY, iced
will 10 made the purchaser Or purchaser
rs directed bf said decTee.
oes.,, MARION SMITH, Cors's.
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15

New YORK Mis- "a. . ct,
lDnsdale 81. isL CT.
social water Twist 81 a0ci,.
Heavy rs Towels, Il Of.
10 So lsk cts.
lotion Pads. irom u 10 " Cts.
Pla!t Wool Llnseys. from Is t02I't ct,.
Kentucky Jeans, iromD 20 rs ci,.
81 Finest White FiAanel. o. cts
80 +" " Ncts,
" set,
Opera Flqnnt... AT co. -. - cts
Vicksburg weekly herald. (Vicksburg, Miss.) 1868-1883, 1870-01-15
9 FconomV Il Wealth. and, II. Yea
really believe In the PR1nclpAe,
PAT ONIZE
I. REINHARDTS
DRT GOODS EMPORIUM,
1871 Washington Street, V~iOksOurg.
No Misrepresentation by Ny system of Advertising, but
Positive, Undsniable Facts for the Public!
Ny STOCK OF
DRY GOODS, CLOTHING, LADIES AND GENTS
furnishing GoOda,
Boots. Shoes and Hats, Laces and EmbrOlderieS, White Goods
and Housekeeping Linens,
LANKETS DOMESTICsaud FANCY GOODS are immense
now, and complete in Variety, style and Price.

A. ANEvTpLycE o. M DIE APPRECIATION oF THE Liberal PATRONAGE
nave 20 mE receypi uon tw cgmnUnty generally, aud IRON my friends from every SEQ
tno Of lis state. Louisiana at Arkansas, l hereby oder, a. a guide my Ihends M
list ~ ron which here can be 70 deviation and variation, except 6uch
cahRSe ~ sHlf iron time 10 time make In the further reduction of the prices OF certain
Good, which shalA all time, he duly published to keep my patrons posted mduus
really make rs advertisements q source oil bench. ana interest nWe tumiim Aead 81
an aInoyng nSnotOnouS display Of words;
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
Philadelphia Trade Report.

TUESDAY, April 19.-The Flour market Is steady,
and the home consumers purchase to moderate
extent, but shippers hold aloof $4,000 barrels were
disposed of, including superfne at s4'97X9462N; !;
extras at s475@5; Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota
extra family at s625@6T5; Pennsylvania do do. a t
$5'25@6; Indiana and Ohio do. do. at S562 Ha625.
and fancy brands at S650@750 according to quality
Rye Flour may be quoted at S4'75@5, an advance.
Prices OF Corn Meal are nominal.
The demand for Wheat is quite limited and prices
favor buyers sales Of 1900 bushels Pennsylvania red
at 81 2S 1000 bushels Indiana amber at 1924; 1000
bushels Western red at 81 20; and small lot OF Ju-
niata white at sl40 Rye may be quoted at s1@1O5
% bushel.
Corn is In fair demand, and we again advance our
quotation sales OF 5000 bushels yellow at $l16@t7,
an advance Oats are without change; 1000 bushels
Western and Pennsylvania sold at 60@62c.
No sales were reported in Barley or Malt.
Seeds-Cloverseed Is quiet but steady; small sales
at s925@96O. Timothy ranges from s625 to ST. Flax
seed is neglected.
Whisky is scarce and firm. We quote wood-bound
at 81 02@1 O3 and irOn-bO at 81 O591 O6
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
FINANCE AND COMMERCE..
EVENING TELEGRAPH OFFICE, I
Tuesday. April 10. 1870.


Tuesday, April 10, 1870. (
"A limited amount of the general mortgage
six per cent. bonds of the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company are now offered at 921S, with interest
added to the date of purchase, as will be seen by
reference to the advertisement in another
column. At the last session of the Legislature
the following important supplement to the act
of 1882 relating to Orphans Courts was passed:
Section Be it enacted etc.. and it is hereby enacted
on Of sns an a so
Orphans, Courts" apprsved March the 2sth, Ammo
the bonds of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company
sss sn' general mortgage 0 'A'" COMPANY uA'a 'a' II
tsisned) '''AA'' nc oH%RLEs a. psTfNsoN,
, Speaker of the Senate.
tsigned) '' JOHN W. GRXRY.
Under the original act executors, administra-
tors, trustees, and guardians were limited in
their investments 10 ''the stock or public debt of
the United States, or the public debt of the
Commonwealth, or the public debt of the city of
Philadelphia, or real securities" By extending
the provisions of the law so as to include such
tlrst-cass securities as the bonds of the Pennsyl
vania Railroad Company secured by the general
mortgage of the said company, dated July 1,
1867, an important service has been rendered by
the Legislature as by many capitalists the bonds
OF Lne fennsylVanla hallroau company are pre-
ferred to any of the others named.
The usual weekly statement of the city banks
yesterday reflects the features of the money
market from day to day most accurately. The
deposits have increased 81 $40, ,912 and the legal
tenders $3.50, 934, whilst the specie reserve has
diminished $1S5, ,302, and the loans $113, 102
The cause of this contraction of loans in the
face of such large increase in the deposits is
clearly indicated in the decrease of nearly
$4,000, 600 In the clearings for the week. The
report is favorable to increased ease in the
market, but it reflects only the sickly condition
of general trade.
The Loan market is again dull, though rather
more active than yesterday, and rates continue
easy to all classes of borrowers.
The Gold market is moderately active and
there is very little change in the tone. Sales
opened at 1885; highest figure %, closing at q.
In Government securities the sales were small,
but prices were generally strong.
Local stocks were again dull at about yester-
days closing quotations. In State loans there
were no sales. City skies were steady Sales of
the new bonds at 1025s@M.
Reading Railroad was quiet but firm, with
sales at about 4913: Pennsylvania Railroad i'm
proved, selling at 563s@5816; and East Penn
sylvania Railroad at 40. 81 was bid for North
Pennsylvania; IA for Catawissa; 37H for the
preferred stock; and SO for Minehill.
In Canal shares the only transactions were in
Lehigh which declined; sales at 33@D3254.
Sales of Manufacturers Bank at 301S, and
Academy of Music at 95. The balance of the
list was quiet but steady.
NARR LADNER, Bankers, report this morning
Gold quotations aa followB:-
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19

Church; Mr. Harvey, bricklayer; J. w. Rumsey !;
Deacon White, treasurer Of the church II. r. Searle
architect; and General Baoch; but only Messrs
Harvey and Rumsey were examined. The examina-
ton extended over quite field, embracing trans
actions connected with the University grounds and
buildings, the farm purchased beyond Uniontown,
and certain transactions OF private character In
which General Howard was interested
Mr. Rumsey testified In regard to certain bonds OF
the church having been cashed at their face value
by General Baoch, upon the order Of General
Howard, and that the amount s24,O0e) had been de-
posted In the Freedmens Saving Bank-S1s,000 to
his (Howard's) credit as special treasurer OF the
church fund, and $4,000 to his individual credit
which amount he secured to the church by the de-
posit OF mortgage made by ID. L. Eaton to General
Howard on piece OF property which the latter had
previously sold to the former.
1t was also stated that General Howard had re-
quested the contractors and others that in making
purchases they should obtain whatever hardware,
ETC., was needed of j. r. Evans, It would be to
his (Howard's) pecuniary advantage, and that when
bills were presented they were taken to General
Baloch, who did not pay the money over TO Mr..
vans, but upon the bills being Ieceipted the
amount was applied to the payment o. certain pro-
tested notes OF Mr.. Evans, upon the back OF which
was the name OF General Howard as endorser. These
notes are understood to have been given in connec-
ton with the purchase Of the Barry farm, over the
Eastern branch.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
INVOLUNTARY GYMNASTICS.

Thrilling Exhibition by an Insane Woman.
On Friday afternoon last, at the Illinois Hospital
for the Insane, at Jacksonville, a most appalling,
exciting, and thrilling scene was witnessed by many
persons. An insane woman in some way escaped
from the apartments in which she had been con-
fined, rushed up the stairway leaped upon the roof,
and dashed away to the end OF the building swung
herself over the edge of the roof, and dropped to
cornice some six or eight feet below. Upon this
cornice, foot wide and some seventy-tive feet
above the ground, the wild maniac walked
back and forth for quarter OF an hour.
Men rushed to the roof and passed rope
to her. and tried to persuade her to fasten it about
her body, but in vain. Below, beds were brought
and placed TO break the fal should she leap from
her perous position. After remaining on the cor
nice fifteen minutes, seemingly unconscious Of all
danger, she swung of, and holding by the cornice
until her feet touched cap OF the ffth-story win
dow when she let go the cornce, and, wonderful to
relate, alighted erect and steady upon the cap,
which but foot wide and four feet long. There
at that fearful and dizzy height, she stood gazing
about for quarter OF an hour Then she seized
firmly by the rope lowered to her, and leaped into
the air. The strong arms gradually lowered her.
and when she about thirty feet from the ground
she relaxed her hold and fell upon the beds below,
and although stunned she was taken up uninjured.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
FROM W:ASHLNGT TON.
HTItigntion OF a Sentence.


Special Despatch 20 The Egenfng Telegraph
WASHINGTON, April 19.-Ensign G. o. Alli-
BONE United States Navy, OF the Asiatc fleet,
was tried in November last on the charge of
disobedience of orders and treating with con-
temptuous and disrespectful language and de-
pertinent his superior officer. The court found
him guilty and sentenced him to be dismissed
the service.
Secretary Robson has acted upon his SEN
tenee as folows:-So far as relates to dlsrespect-
full language and department, the finding of the
court-martal is approved. There not being suf-
flcient evidence of disobedience of orders, the
finding as relates to that offense is set aside
The sentence of dismissal is mitigated to suspen-
sion from duty for three months and repri-
manded by his squadron commander in gene
raj order.
The Darien Canal.
TWAS rumored last night that Minister Thorn
ton had protested, on behalf of his Government,
against the interoceanic canal treaty across the
Isthmus of Darien unless the British Govern
ment was allowed to participate equally with
the United States. 1t is understood that this
right is claimed under certain treaty stipula-
tions.
The IroquoIs.
When the United States steamer 1roquois goes
out of commission at Philadelphia her machi-
merry is to be thoroughly repaired.
Magnificent Reception. .
Despatch TO the Associated Press.
Madame Garcia and Minister Garcia, at their
musical entertainment last night, had for their
guests nearly all the foreign ministers in
We hington, accompanied by the ladies of their
res ective families, together with several Sena-
tors and other distinguished personages.
The richness of the ladies' toilets was a dis
a1,i, ~f
only by those at the ball in honor of Prince
Arthur
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
THE N. Y. MONEY MARKET YESTERDAY.
From the N. Y. Herald.

From the ~ y Herald.
'ATairs In financial circles continue monotonously
quiet Speculation has drifted into OF dullness
from which the cliques seem unable to extrcate 1t.
The brokers complain OF light orders the only bust
transacted being confined to the few firms
doing business for the larger operators. The heavy
rain storm assisted this dulness and kept many pro-
minent dealers out OF the street.
"The members Of the Stock Exchange consttu-
ting the opposition to the regular nominations
already made for the annual election held meeting
yesterday afternoon to present candidates. The
Gold Exchange also held the usual semi-annual
'"The bulls certainly cannot complain Of the good
luck which has attended them, SO far as money Is
feeling in money than prevailed last week, ana the
rate on call ranged from four to six per cent the
former being the exceptional figure to the leading
Government houses. Five per cent. was the general
rate on Government coaterals and six per cent. on
stocks. Nothing OF special import occurred in dis
counts and rates continue steady as last quoted.
''The impression is general that repeal OF the in
come tax wouo abolish the tax dividends or cor
who has been at the trouble OF getting the facts
says:-Section 1ls OF the original act Of 1864 as
1867, refers to income tax and it's limitation. But
the railroad and canal companies are governed by
and are now acting under section 1872 OF the act OF
1864 (as amended by section OF 1866 authorizing
the tax on interest and dividends and
authorizing the withholding of the tax by the COM
to section 119 aforesaid. An estate invested in
bonds etc. before the war is, aud until the repeal
modification Of section 122 will be- subject to tn tax
of five per cent. without any exemption OF $1,000 or
any other sum. The increase OF exemption will not
beneht IT, nor Will any resolution or act put back the
five per cent. already collected by the companies by
deduction
''There was a fairly active demand for bills to
remit by the steamer tomorrow, which enabled the
leading bankers to advance the rates sterling to
109A for sixty days and 109T for sight bills.
'"The general dulness extended to the Gold
Room; but the clique kept the price firm, and, with
the rise in exchange, advanced it to 1884, against
the opening quotation Of 113A. 1t is said that the
most prominent operator in the present movement
is young man who, as q speculator q few years
ago, was in boldness. pluck and restessness the
House committee in giving that honor (7 to Mr.. Fisk
to the contrary Notwithstanding, but who was un-
fortunate enough to conclude his brief career in
very summary manner. At least he is said to have
again entered the golden lists Wall street operations
being with all who have ever taken part In them a
penchant incurable save by death or utter bank
ruptcy. The clique further seem to control the
market with great SKILL for they made cash gold so
| scarce to-day that loans were made at 'aat for
| borrowing"
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
FROM EUROPE.
This Mornings Quotations.

LONDON, April 19-11'8O A. M.-Consols for money
94H, and for account 94A. American securities
quiet. U. $. Fiye,twenties Of 1862. ss1l; Of
1866, old, s7T: of 1867, S9A 10-40s, s6H. Amer-
can stocks firm; Erie Railroad, 2o24 illinois Cen
LiyERPooL, April 19-11'8O A. Motion quiet;
middling uplands, HID. middling Orleans, 1880
11Ed. The sales are estimated at 10000 bales.
A later despatch from Bombay announces that
the shipments OF cotton from that port up to the
10th inst. were only 27 900 bales
LONDON, April 19.-Sugar, 32s. on the spot, and
frmer; 27s. 6d.@27s. 3d. a1oat Calcutta Linseed,
sos. 3D.
This Afternoons Quotations.
LONDON, April 1872 P. M.-Consols for money,
94A; for account, 942S; United States 52Os of 1852
ssH; Of 1866 old, s72l; 1O-40s, s6A
PARIS, April 19-The Bourse opened quiet.
Rentes, TAI. 60c
LIVERPOOL April 1872 P. M.-Yarns and fabrics at
Manchester steady. California Wheat, 9s Id. red
Western, 9s. Cd. Receipts OF Wheat since last re-
port, CO. 900 quarters, of which S. 900 American
Corn, 3Os. cd. Pork 97s. Lard, 6Ss. Cheese,
72s. 3D.
ANTWERP, April 19.-Petroleum opened quiet at
5Of. Soc
FRANKFORT, April 19.-Five-twenties opened nat
at 95
PARIS, April 19-The Bourse closed firm. Rsntes,
74f. T0c.
HAvRE, April 19-Cotton opened quiet.
ANTWERP, April 19.-Petroleum closed nat
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-04-19
FROM MEXICO.
Detention of n Vessel-The Mexican Reign of


Detention of n Vessel-The Mexican Reign of
Terror.
SAN FRANCISCO, April 1S.-Advices from Ma
zatlan to April have been received. The
United States steamer Saranac and the English
gunboat Reindeer were in port. The authorities
had seized the steamer Forward on the plea
that she was being employed by General Vega
The captain protested and claimed thousand
dollars a day for her detention. Instructions
from the Capitol were waited for.
Colonel Lucas Pento, an adherent of Lozado,
voluntarily delivered himself to the authorities
and was ordered to appear before Governor
Rube, at Concordia. On the way there he was
shot.
The Legislature had demanded an explana-
tion, but the Government plead ignorance of
the murder.
Carlos f. Colon, Ex-Governor of Lower Cali
fornia, had been sentenced to four years i'm
prisonment for the illegal reduction of customs
due Lopez while acting Governor.
The great commotion upon the supposed ad-
vent of Placido Vega had about subsidized.