davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1870-03-28
United States Mail.
MAINE.
Posi- OnFFlCE DEPARTMENT, }
W .I..A. At u,...L IL IS-A

Posi- O0FFlCE DEPARTMENT,
WASIUNGToN, March II, 1870,
Proposals will be- received at the Contract Office
of this Department until o'clock Z. VI. of Thurs
day, NAV 1870 TO be decided by the eth, for car
lying the mails of the United states from July /,
$50 tn June 80 ISIS the following routes in the
state OF Maine. and by the schedule of departures
and arrivals herein specified, viz.
is From North FrXeburg to Fryeburg Centre,
miles and back three times Il week.
Leave North Fryeburg, Tuesday, Thursday, and
Saturday at =. NJ,
Arrive at Fryeburg Centre by L. NJ;
Leave Fryeburg Centre, same days at 40 L. NJ;
Arrive al North Fryeburg by $40 Z. N.
lG3 From Mechanic Falls, by West Mnot, East
Hebron, Buckiield, and East Sumner, to Hart
ford, 81 = miles and back, three time Il week.
Leave Mechanics Fails Tuesday, Thursday,
and Saturday at a Nj.
Arrive at Hartford by L. NJ;
Leave Hartford, Monday, Wednesday, and Fri
day at A. ri;
Arrive at Mechanics Falls by 7. NJ.
Proposals for siN-times-a-week service invited
For forms of proposal. guarantee, and certificate
and also for instructions as to the conditions to be
embraced, in the contract &e. see advertisements of
November IL 1863 and january 3, 1870, inviting
proposals for mail service in Maine, to be found at
the principal post Offices
Bids should be sent in sealed envelopes, super
scribed Mail Proposals State Of M,iHe,' and ad-
dressed TO the Second assistant Postmaster General
JN0. A. j. CRESWELL,
iyyIi Postmaster General.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1870-03-28

OFFICERS.
Justus Lawrence, President; J. p. Rogers, secy
New England Branch Bo- ton Postn Building
DeVonshirc street, corner Water, Boston, Mass.
BARNARD BROS, Managers.
The most successful Company organized,
No. OF Policies issued in 1863, s,77s
Amount insured in 1863, S2l 2H,O00
Annual Premiums in lsG9. 23777 900
Assets oi the Company, Dec. 3st 1859, $500, l02 so
Profits of the Company annually divided All
Policies nonforeitng Thirty days of grace nj
lowed in payment oi premiums and the Policy held
good during the time. No permits required for
travel
Purely Mutual
Dividends to Capital Stock being limited to seven
per cent egdl interest. Policies granted upon all
of the most approved plans
AGENTS WANTED.
with whom liberal arrangements will be made
&. A. ROBERTSON,
timartf General Agent, Augusta, Me.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1870-03-28
MANHOOD, t5ith Edition.

E. DE F. CURTIS, NJ D., F. K. c. s, &c, &c, late
Surgeon Turkish Contingent.
1 MEDICAL ESSAY on the Cause and Cur, of
n Premature Decline, showing how heal It'll j. lost
and how regained. II gives clear synopsis of the
Impedinents to MARRIAGE the treatment of NEE-
woes and PHYSICAL DEBILITY, STFRIGhTY. &c.
and the remedies thercfor,-the results OF twcntv
years successful practice together rith ihfulL
Ole recipe ofa Lotion prere'tire Of Diseases
There is member of society by whom this
book will not be found useful whether such person
holds the relation Of Parent Precertor. or Clergy
man "-L0ndOn Uedicdl Times and Gazette
Sent by mail on receipt of One Dollar. Address
the Author DIR. CURTIS, Ii Chapman street, Bees
ton Mass. mars teoi3m
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1870-03-28
Irish Church Convention.

LONDON, March &c.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25

prooedure: the regulations upon the organization OF
civil tribunals and administrative councils and the
laws and regulations which determine he compe.
tency OF those tribunals and councils. AT the end
OF the course, which VIII last year., the
students Will pass an examination anu 90
classified IN three divis0nsthe first, consisting u
those who have perfect knowledge OF these diner
emf studies and OF Turkish literature, Will receive
the highest diploma; the second who possess q fair
knowledge of them, Will be granted diplQma Of ING
second aagree; While the third class Will have no
diploma, but may continue their studies Tor second
year III oruer To obtain ono
The Crctan paper announces that the frgates Feyzi
Bari ana lsnai have arrived NJ the island with 1000
purses III silver intended for the payment OF arrears
10 the land ana sea forces, and 10 defray expenses
attendant upon the construction or the arsenal at
Souda
The TDund reports that brgand named Mehmsd
DOR kutchOglOu had fallen into the clutches OF
tain Inhabitants OF the district OF Slistra, who had
constituted themselves into sort OF vigilance COM
mitlee and been Killed by them He was one OF the
band Of the well known bandit, YaghmOur Ogl0u,
Gently captured by the imperial troops.
vilaets, the chief town OF each yaet mas printing
or photographic press, Il newspaper and an Official
nation The ofIcial almanac Of the viaet OF Casta-
mount for the year 1881 Q870) has Just been pub.
llshei II Is Carefully Autographed, and gives the
years calendar, the dates VI salient historical
events, the names OF the Ottoman Sultans the mem.
beers Of the Divan and the leading functionares 81
the different vaets. AlterwArd come the sta.
tlStcs or the vilaet, from which we summarize
few details. In the vaet OF Casamouni there
are. 1t appears, 10 savings banks. with deposits
w tHc VI eoooiop.' scNclnl tSickiuVh Sto-
lions, divided into i've classes and employing 1856
people; primary schools I9ciydte D,eAebU with aS2
pupils: 2 mines. the celebrated Heraclea coal mine
which gives 900 qulntais OF coal yearly 70 the
imperial arsenal, aud the copper mine at kures
which was lrst worked by the government. but ees
been farmed out FOR some years and yields annually
30 900 okes OF copper; 4 salt mines. mineral
springs. 81 towns OF various sizes, which eonta:n
37s mosques, ID other churches and monasterics.
public libraries, 1855 Mussulman and 10 CHRISTIAN
schools, l04 khans or h0steiries, "a baths, 1874
shops; total revenue OF the verghi tax l6s9f 945p
$3.50, COOP The population consists OF 3s5, SIC Mus
sulmans 1903 Greeks ana 1888 Armenlans.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25

aVeal . :. :. :. :. :. :. oai
os 90 ana NJ IN Iss1 T,,o ,vas ~
years aeo, anu ~ 2 III loo.' i'o "aSeS a'ei"Se Nv
pleseh' % 20 W % W uN.
,, r,,,ou, ot,a,n, Ty,or ,,, o,,o. &,
me dsoes @ uon was orgaii,lee "
aooo, Wtsn uI, o au Ste--vu W - III aoo 900
"a III 100, anu MoW rto @pOuI 90 WIN ABOVE IVov
members IN NeN aofK Guy mere are estlmateu
10 % Io'Joo III Wig uaoe, VINO are
III O very poor condltlon many OF Them
being uhaDle 10 earn more tham ~ 10 Slo per
week lor sixteen no9rs WQrk. lney nave several
organizations lnciua,mg .ie aaiioIs froteclive
Unl0n SOB members; herman Journeymen lOO, ana
others amounting 10 z,oQo III al, WIZ, Iuhd SSH S4
Walter farDalrh Uailaua Is rresi9ent Oh the inter-
President; Henry Iucker, new lork, secretary;
john McCarty, fnilaueipina, treasurer.
CLorhiNa CUTTERS.
The cutters Formerly possessed large society,
WHICH, aoouu ti.S yu"sn aSv ,o mas aoweu 70 pe
up, nu' ~ ,e spn o y, looo wms revived anu
now numbers ABOUT SUI members comprising bQrh
English and German W0rkmen. During the past
year their wages have advanced from SIG to S24 per
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25
'LoNGsHOREMBN.


The 'longshofemen have several trade societies.
with large memberships. No. l, OF New York. has
No. Of BrooSyn has 100 making total Of wn sso
members, who receive forty cents per hour for day
work and sixty cents for night work. This body Is,
perhaps, the largest I'm the city; but its members are
not OF the most intelligent class and 1t Will not com,
pare with many much smaller organizations, either
In responsibility or innue.oe.
THIS organization was first Instituted at Jersey
Ciy, N APRIL 20, 1853, under the supervision or
man, firing on the Jersey Central; the first subordl
nate Union was formed shortly AFTER also at Jersey
n me ore a. anu so OF"
convention was then called at Jersey City on the
25ih day OF October, 1885. William s. Devlan, OF
Hoppman, OF Schenectady, N. Y, secretary. The
constitution and bylaws were amended and the
association was placed upon new and more solid
basis In order to insure the success OF the society
and to give the Western fremen an opportunity to
connect themselves with the association, special
convention was ordered on the .11th day OF April
1867, at the city OF Buffalo, n. r.: circulars were
issued and sent TO remen on the different railroads
throughout the United States inviting Dremen TO
SEND delegates rom each railroad and division OF
the same Many railroads were represented twenty.
two delegates were Initiated and became members
OF the orde and were furnished with the proper
papers TO organize subordinate divisions on their
respective roads. AT special convention held at
Chicago twedty new Unions were formed Arrange
ments were then made to establish monthly journal
in the interests OF the body, which has since proved
very successful. The union has now over thirty-nve
branches and numbers about 1000 members. Wages
are fifty dollars month for fourteen hours work per
day. Among their leading members are Henry Har-
vey, Thomas D0rmady Peter Van Worst, Edwin
Wempe, James Van Worst, John Frame, Dock. Pat
terson, Jacob yrooman, I. Horsman, Of Division SO,
Schenectady, N. Y; Peter Arthur william Wicks,
Frank Shaler, Edwin Deevan, John Can, Of Division
46.
CAR DRIVERS.
The car drivers are rather numerous body. ana
formerly possessed an excellent trade organization,
which is now disbanded: They have had sever
having struck once against an increase of Neir
hours Of labor and again for an advance Ottneir
pay. The drivers on the Tenth avenue roSu also
asked for an addition Of afty cents dag 70 sheir
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25
THE FIRE N GLOUCESTER, CAsAlA.
From the ottawa Times, july %.

IFrOm the UftnWa TImeS, July 2J .---|
EThe fire In Gloucester still RACES with undated
Violence, and has now assumed really serious pro-
portions. IL has reached far as the Montreal road,
and IN one place has crossed it. large number OF
poor farmers have been burned out between Bilingy
bridge and the quarries. Mr.. X. Skcad's fine pro-
pery was in great danger yesterday, auu Mr.. Skead
and MIR. Drummond, who holds $4,000 Insurance.
upon 1t, were out with coupe OF hand fire engines
ready to play upon the roofs of any oil the bu ldins
which might take IRE. Unfortunately, water - very
ses, together with the houses IN the quarry village
are In very considerable danger The wind wes
noon, carrying the sparks for long distance. All
the people or the nelghborhood are at tearing
down FENCES, &C.. and doing what they to arress
the whole OF their standing crops and much distress
must arise In consequences.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25
AMERICAN TRADE UNIONS.
Their History, Growth and
Present Condition.
ETATISTICS OF MEMBERSHIP.
Power and Growing Influence of
Trade Organizations.
,TATISTICS OF MEMBERSHIP.

The labor question Is every day becoming more
and more important and attracting increased public
attention. particularly since the agitation OF the
Chinese problem. Powerful organizations repre-
sentng thousands of workngmen who are con.
scious Of their strength and numbers, have been
enrolled, and are now being consolidated SO as 10
exert q formidable influence upon trade ana manu-
facture.
The following article is an attempt to show the
actual status OF trade unions in the United States
their history present condition and prospects, and
is compiled mainly from information furnished by
the unions Themselves
ORIGIN AND HISTORY
The history or trade unions has been written;
they appear to have been offsloo OF the ancient
guilds OF merchants and craftsmen which were so
common during the feudal ages In most European
countries. These nourlshed most during the thir-
teenth century, and doubtless had some influence in
introducing the democratic element into society, by
their resistance to arst0cratic tyranny.
According to Hallam voluntary associations ex-
listed as early as the Saxon period in England "for
mutual defence against injury and for mutual re.
lief IN poverty" and these may be considered the
originals Of our modern trade unions Mention Is
also made by Halam Of the first demand Of any
number OF workngmen for all increase OF wages.
This was In the twenty third year OF the reign OF Ed
ward Ill., just after the dreadful pestience of 134S,
when the number OF laborers and servants having
been greatly reduced by that calamity the remainder
demanded an advance Of wages from heir employ.
ers. This was refused, and law was passed fixing
the rates at what they had been before the pest.
lence. The first trade union In England was organ
lied about the time OF Queen Elizabeth apparently
as a substitute for the powerful influence OF the
Church. 1t was formed by fellowship of
cutters, and restricted the term OF appren.
uceship to seven years, besides imposing penalties
upon breaking the rules Of the body in regard to
the seasons of work and other technical matters. An
act OF Parliament obtained In 1924 on behalf OF
this body which stated that Its objects were to pre-
vent the bad Workmanship and "deceitful and I'M
workmanly wares" which had been made by cutters
not belonging to the union, ana empowered the
ocers Of the latter to make such laws were nece
sary to protect the interests OF their trade.
ENGLISH TRADE UNIONS.
From this period the history of trade unions in
England shows a steady advance in their numbers
and influence. AT their first general conference
eighteen societies were represented, with member.
ship OF POI, 600, and it is estimated that they
number 100000 with branch organizations in 40S
towns in the United Kingdom. The following are
the statistics Of some Of the larger unlons:-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25
Aotul. ................. ,07O
num NYnWcnn EuS


nave an Incorporated association numbering about
200 members, with capital stock OF s200 900 IN
shares OF III each, no member being allowed
to own more than 200 shares The association is
governed by board Of twelve trustees has for
Hs OBJECT the printing and publishing OF books,
p ahpnlels &C.. and the distribution OF papers and
Inc number or persons engaged In the city at
WORK connected with the manufacture OF jewery
Is fur beyond what most persons would imagine to
ery trade with its Incidental branches has assumed
gigantic proportions and since 1850 the annual
amount OF business has exceeded twenty millions.
Employment has been given to above 200 persons,
500 diamond settlers, 1000 polishers and burnlshers
900 silversmiths and 800 string pearl work
makers. besides other classes OF workers, from
nnskliled sborers with 90 per week TO
In this occupation there is only limited number OF
artisans connected with the trade unions, the total
being about LOCO, who receive on the average SIS
per week.
PIANO MANUFACTURE.
There are several classes OF mechanics engaged In
the manufacture OF pianos, each OF whom have
separate trade organizations. The plano case max
ers have 800 members and receive $50 to $25 per
week. The nnishers number $50, regulators 800 and
the piano KEY makers 500 The latter receive Sl5 to
$40 and have fund OF $1,000 There are also piano
machinlsts, sawyers and paners, but their number
cannot be given. The total number OF workmen IN
the trade Is 2,l7O.
NEW ORGANIZATION.
A Plumbers Protective and Benevolent Union was
organized on the same date and has received above
700 members Their wages are 50 Is TO 81 80 Tor
ten hours.
The German architects, designers, and others OF
that branch Of art have taken steps to form an or
ganizatiOn for the advancement OF their profession
The journeymen BARRIERS, who are one OF the
hardest worked and worst paid class OF workmen In
the city. are taking steps to form mutual protective
union.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25


There Is also a union Of blacksmths, numbering
about 100 members, i'll the city.
OTHER MErAL WORKERS.
The Grand Forge Of the United States IL composed
exclusively Of irOnfounders, aud number about 90
branches mostly located in the State Of Pennsy-
vania with membership OF about 900.
The brassfounders and fnishers Of this city have
1000 members who are paid s2l per week. The gas
anu steam filters have lis members wages The
same, and The brass mouders have 100 members.
The Metal Roolers' Union have 70 members out
of about $50 workmen engaged in the trade. They
receive 81 per day Of ten hours. The Tin RQofers
have $50 members, who receive SIS to s24 per week,
The Slate Roofers have So members; wages s27
$50.
The New York Amalgamated Engineers are q
branch of the English Society OF Engineers which has
already been referred to as one OF the largest trade
organizations IN Great Britain. There are eleven
branches la this country, situated as tolows;-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25


These figures, though III most cases derived
from official sources are only an approx
nation to the actual numbers Several trades
claim q larger membership than they are here
credited with as for example, the Knights
or st. Crispin, who say that their body Includes
200 900 shoemakers. This probably means that that
number OF shOemakers are In sympathy with the
oh ects OF the association but there Is proof that
the union Is even as large as we have stated 1t
to be-
In New York State, excluding this city, there are
about 100 unions aud 3d. 900 members The follow
ing are the unions In the cilY:-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25
pay.two dollars per day-whioh was Immediately
granted.
The following are the number OF trips made and
the pay on the city railroad lines


There are six laborers' unions In New York city,
numbering altogether about $500 members who
average 81 10 per day. There IL a branch union on
Staten Island with 200 members. The New York
body have u fund Of $1,476. They will probably
make demand for an increase OF wages during the
coming season. There Is union In Ogdensbufg
with $50 members, and one In TOY with ZOO The
following are some miscellaneous tradea-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25

not 30 large a. Some others. The number OF carpen
ters Within its territorial Jurisdiction Is about $4,000
The majority OF unions are In the Middle states,
those In the West ranking second There are over 80
branch unions, with about 5000 members Inc
average wages are about So per day, s2 being tae
lowest and 81 the highest. Seven carpenters anu
oiners constitute suiiicent number TO legally con-
stitute local union, and may have charter on
proper application being made 70 the Natiohai
Union. , ,,s.
In New York State there are the following differ
ent branch unions OF carpenters ana JOmerS-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25

The following Is general summary Of the statis-
tics VI trades unions in the whole country
NATIONAL UNIONS.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-07-25

T0tal.. 17b, 76l
Many Of these have ample funds. One society las
IN income of 1852 and general fund Of f12, 1874;
another has 91s,245 income and fund OF els ,OO0
while the largest of ALL the amalgamated engineers
and machinists, had an income In 1867 Of fS6, 1885,
with an accumulated fund OF 9l25 1913, or over half
million dollars In gold. The expenditures OF this
society during the year 1867 were as follows:-
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1870-04-15

Perhaps the largest class of invalids who
sought and obtained the happiest results
from DIR. Walkers VEGETABLE VINEGAR
BITrERs, include those whose indescribable
complaints, for want of a. better name, are
known by the general term ..Dyspepsia.' y
Even the most delicate find immediate relief
by a prudent use of the .Bitters," for their
penetrating properties search, clepse and in.
vigorate every portion of the human organ
ism, correcting its diseased action, and re.
storing its healthy vitality...As consequence
to find his health and energy restored by a
remedy at once SO simple and inviting.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1870-04-15

The effect of long continued constipation, is
toweakea the system, and depress the spirits.
The blood thickens, the head aches, and a
train of evils is superinduced, called by the
various names of dyspepsia. liver complaints,
jaundice, bilious eruption, etc. The cause
of these diseases can best be cured by Dr.
Walkers VEGETABLE VINEGAR BITTERs,
which a:t naturally upon the liver and bow
els. 1t is permanent tonic, instilling fresh
yigor into the vital forces, giving energy to
the whole being.
The state rights democrat. [volume] (Albany, Linn County, Oregon) 1865-1900, 1870-04-15

The simplicity and prac,icabiliiy OF this new
Plow commends it favorably to the special notice
Of every farmer. II possesses a deeide superior
rity over all other Plows now in use. The wheels
are four feet in diameter and run on the unploued
pani. Its entire construction is in way COM
plicated. The Pl0w is managed in every manner
with ease, and requires only Two levers 10 be used
in making any alteration. The superiority Of the
- Gay Plow will be clearly shown by The follow
i1g certificate:
We the undersigned, citizens Of Linn coEnty,
Oregon. having purchased and used upon our
,erms the "GAY" PLoW, hereby certify that the
time has given entire satisfaction. Its facility
70 adjusting to sut the depth of the furrow with
out m owing from the seat, is simple and easy
We like the Plow for its draught because the ZANE
| is brought to bear directly upon the PIow beam
instead Of the carriage aiso because it is strong
and durable, all except the wood work being con-
| strueted of wrought iron castings are used.
The wheels running upon the solid land is an ad-
| vantage over other Gang Plows in striking of
lands and in Flowing, not having to make the
necessary changes in the machinery and the seat
is always level, not throwing the driver forward
sideways as in other Plows. Better work and
more of it can be accomplished By the use Of this
Plow than by hand.
| We take pleasure in recon m ending the "GAY'
PLOw to aur brother farmers as one having no
superior in Oregon. j. G. REED.
| May 20, 1869. A. s. Lo0NEY,
| W. III. G0LTTkEE,
W. P. EsH0M,
/ +. w. PIKE,
| HENRY DAVIDSON.
| MB-The "GAY" PL0W is manufactured by
| Fl. Goulding. Portland Machine Shop. All orders
will be promptly attended TO by addressing
| @. r. GAY,
May % '69v4n40y1. Portland. oa'n.
J. BARROWS & CO., and JNO. BRIGGS,
authorized Agents for Linn and Benton