The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-09-14
Their Future Prospects.
The Diplomatic Antonelli.
THE ITALIAN EPISODE.

The ITALIAN EPlSODE.
Victor Emanueps March Rome-The Pope
POwerless Before Him-The King of Italy
and his Career-PIus IX and hts POntiicate-
Cardinal Ant0nell, the Great PapaI States
man.
Immense posters proclalmng the Universal
Italian Republic" have been placarded all over
Rome, and it has become pressing necessity for
Victor Emanuel to hasten his advance upon the city,
if he would arrive before the Red Republicans have
succeeded in overturning the papal power. The
Pope, despairng Of success, has wisely ordered his
troops TO offer no resistance to the Italian forces
whose advance, at the latest advices was within
few miles of Rome; and although it is said that he
has called together the diplomatic corps and
formally protested against the invasion, he appears
inclined to "accept the sitaation' with commenda-
Bile good grace. The Kings troops, instead OF en-
counterng resistance are everywhere received with
an enthusiastic welcome, the people hailing them
liberators from yoke under which they have for
years been restive and impatient Thus far no blood
has been shed, but the invasion is to be boodess
throughout it is essential that the Italian army
should occupy Rome without delay. If the adhe-
rents of Mazzin and Garibadl should get the upper
hand in the city, they might be disposed to dispute
the Italian advance in the interests of Roman or
Italian republic, an event which would lead to vio-
lence and bloOdshed.
In view of the approaching consummltion Of
Italian unity and the probable stripping of his tenn
poralities from the Pope the two central figures in
Italy become invested with unusual interest and i'm
portance. We therefore present the following
sketches of the King Of Italy and the Head Of the
CHURCH,
Victor Emanuel, King of Italy.
Form on the 14th OF March, 1920 the son of Charles
Albert, King OF Sardinia, and of Queen Theresa,
daughter of Ferdinand, Grand Duke OF Tuscany, he
received at his birth the names of Marie Albert El-
gene Ferdinand Thomas, to which subsequently
prehyed the name under which he has welded the
sceptre, first OF Sardinia and then of Italy. He re-
ceived careful and elaborate education In science
and the art of war, and, while passing under the
title Of Duke Of Savoy was married on the 18th Of
April, ls42, to the Archduchess Adelaide of Austria
who died January 20 1855.
1t was until the outbreak of the revolution Of
1s4s that the Duke Of Savoy came into the general
notice OF the public, having achieved, up TO that
date, reputation only as dashing hunter, man OF
naughty demeanor, and a supposed opponent Of
Liberalism. AT the outbreak of the revolution he
accompanied his father to the field as commander OF
the Brigade of Savoy, and soon showed that he was
worthy of leading an army and welding sceptre.
He participated in the battle of Goito with great
bravery, receiving a ball in the thigh, and subse-
quently the 23d of March, 1S49 the disastrous
field of Novara, won the admiration Of the army by
his undaunted courage. On the evening of the day
following this defeat King Charles Albert signed an
abdication in favor Of his son, who thus ascended
the throne Of Sardinia as Victor Emanuel ii, at the
age of twenty-nine. A task of more than ordinary
difficulty was before him. He had TO negotiate q
peace with victorious enemy to appease fthe erce
conflict of the rival factions which disturbed his king
dom, and live down the suspicious OF large portion
OF his subjects who could in him nothing but the
nus band OF an Austrian srchduchess He sue
ceeded, however, in obtaining from Austria terms
less hunilatng in their character than those which
had been presented TO his father the treaty OF peace
being signed in August 1s49; and by the selection
OF a Cabinet under the leadership OF DAzeglio wa
enabled to reassure the liberal faction and to receive
In measure its cooperation in the difficult tasl
which awaited him,
He turned his attention at once to the reorganiza
tion OF the finances, the army, and the cause o
public instruction, inaugurated great railway sys
TEN, and espoused the doctrines Of free trade
Several important commercial treaties were ais
negotiated by him with England. Austria the
claimed his attention, and when the Government o
that country offered to cede the Duchy Of Parma {
Sardinia, on condition that the new King woul
abolish the constitution, he Indignantly refused tn
preferred accession of territory. Count CavouT, on
OF the wisest and most accomplished statesmen {
modern days, became his most trusted adviser
remaining such until his death. 1t was by his adyic
that the King early in his reign, entered upon
crusade against the Pspal hierarchy. The clerg
were despoiled of the monopoly OF education, man
Of their privileges were wTested from them, and tn
greater portion OF the Church property was secula
lied. AS punishment for these measures, he wa
eXcommunicated by the Pope, a proceedn
against which he protested in vain. Durln
the early portion Of his reign Genoa indulge
in revolt, and expelled his garrison; but I'll
army which the King sent against the rebellion
city was speedily successful, and his efforts to pr
mote the general prosperity OF his kingdom wei
equally so in the MAN, In 1855, however, sickne
carried on, within a brief period, his mother h
wife, his brother, and his youngest child and
himself was brought to the verge OF the grave. Tn
series OF personal calamities was received vii
great satisfaction by the ultramontane party, whiC
regarded the Kings anlctions as sign of the al
pleasure OF Heaven, and anticipated restoration
the old state of affairs which he had contributed
much to overthrow.
But in the very midst Of these misfortunes Wet
Emanuel achieved master stroke Of diplomacy,
which Sardinia was for the first time recognized
one OF the considerable powers OF Europe.
January, 1885, a convention was concluded WI
France and England, and formally sigued on /
10Th OF March following, by which Sardinia join
the ADglo-French alliance against Russia aud b
came one OF the participants in the momento
struggle in the Crimea. contingent OF 1T,O
Sandman troops, under the command OF Genei
De La Marmora, was despatched to the seat
war In the East, and distinguished itself throug
out the struggle, more especially by brilliant
tory on the banks OF the Tchernaya. On the capt.
Ia,ion OF sebastopol and the cessation Of hostiii