Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1870-02-23
Scientific Progress,

During the past year lne lnNeStlea-
tions by travellers, scientists, and phi
losophers into the varied phenomena
of nature and the laws that govern
their innumerable co-relations, have
been earnest, protracted, a. d reward
ed with good results. The important
geographical and scientific events which
have occurred in this period, are CIV
en- in the following brief summary: =
l. The connecting of the North At
lantIc with the Pacific Ocean by rail
2. The completion of the canal across
the Isthmus of Suez.
8. The explorations and discoveries
in southeastern and east equatorial
Africa.
4. The additional and conclusive ev-
idence now brought to light of cli-
mate in the ice-bound region of the
Arctic, at a past and remote period of
time, resembling that of the countries
lying near the equator.
5. The marvellous results of the deep
sea dredgings of Profs. Thompson and
Carpenter, revealing the existence of
animal life at enormous depths in the
ocean, where it was supposed to be
impossible.
6. The very general disturbance
throughout the year of the earth's sur
face by earthquakes, distinguishable
not so much for the effects in particu-
lar localities as for the wide distribu-
ton of the phenomena over the globe,
and its prevalence in parts of the
world where such disturbances have
never been previously witnessed with
in the memory of man.
Z. The attractive power of noun
tains, discovered in the pendulum ex-
periments made during the past year
at the observing stations upon the
Himalayas in India.
s. The discovery, through the spec
| troscope, of a method of determining
the proper motion of the stars and the
| fact that the chemical and physical
constitution of the whole stella uni
verse is identical.
9. The invention and successful
practical use of self-registering COM
pass, by which every motion of YES
sci can be recorded and preserved
from the beginning to the end of her
voyage.
10. The discovery of trees of enor-
NOUS height and magnitude in Aus
! traIia, one of which was found to be
/
Ii. of great deposits of valuable coal
| throughout the whole of New Zealand,
and the finding of coal upon the bor-
ders of the Caspian, verifying in the
last particular prediction of Hum
bOldt made forty years ago, both OF
which discoveries are of the highest
| importance to commerce.
y. The anthrOpological researches
in Europe, Asia, and Africa, revealing
the structure, mode of life, and Gus
toms of the earliest inhabitants of the
earth.
I3. The assembling at Copenhagen,
last August, of the International Con-
gress of Prehistoric Archaeology, un-
der the auspices of the King of Den
mark, interesting in the circumstance
that it brought into communication
with each other learned men from all
parts of Europe, and for the valuable
information the papers and descrip-
tions ELECTED in respect to the three
successive periods of mans early his
tory, known as the stone, the bronze,
and the iron ages.
IA. The return of Captain Hall from
the Arctic regions with valuable in
formation respecting that mysterious
country.
Is. The exploration by DR.. Hayes OF
the remains of the early settlements
made on the southeastern shore OF
Greenland.
Is. The return of Captain Adams
and his men from the exploration of
the Colorado and its tributaries.
II. The completion of the French
exploration of the River Cambodia 10
the province of Tanan in China, the
official details of which have not yet
appeared.
Is. The expedition of Sir Samuel
Baker, which started last October.
10. The escape of Captain Livings-
ton, of the American ship Congress,
through a cyclone of extraordinary
intensity and force, and the gaining
of valuable information thereby.
20. The expedition of the Russian
merchant Soidorow in his own steam
er around the coast of Norway and
through the Polar Ocean to the mouth
of the PitSchora.