New-York tribune., 1870-01-01

| tho carly part vi Ine lecture, mOuOn pTO0uceu
the conversion of force into molecular force No
have BEEN at ali Rss s the tS
supplied by seam,epg1S n' op or water,wheel Again
It contains which may become actual in the body
cuar force, the food must first be convertednto
lar tissue. view until recently accepted by pbysolo-
a few years, that muscular force cannot come from
the oxydaon OF its ownkubstance since the products OF
muscular exerton. Indeed reasoning from the whole
Of c 6S the yd OF the
scarcely Onefth Of the mechanical force OF the body
But while theproducts not increase
with the increase OF muscular e1eron the amount OF
carbOnic exhaed by the lungs is increased IN the
taned therefore that the actual energy Of the
simply the converted potential Energy Of the carbon Of
is machine for converting the potential energy
01S0 S %SG But this S a4ess
the erergy not passing through the intermediate
Is TIE most Economical producer Of mechanical force
known. While no machine whatever can transform oil
engines utilizing @ only onetWeneth Of the heat the
able Sr of the S0a
heat Whenever muscle contracts then, four times
S0on. DrsSt Experiments by HadenhS@ have con.
rmed this by showing that an important rise Of TEN.
apparent to any who has taken active exercise
The work the animal body Of two sorts inter ,
heart of the respiratory muscles those assisting the
work OF the body at about 500 foot-tuns daily; OF
work And since the internal work ultimately appears
as heat within the body the actual loss OF heat by the
tuns which represents external work This by simple
the precise by which the yielded by the food
when burned without the body, exceeds that actually
heat gwen off by the body Is 100000 units, the
amount OF energy evolved work is equal TO
done by muscle Is as above stated, oneffth of the
actual energy derivable from the food One point further
W a a.
free when muscle in contracting does work shall be
ss peTmentay ST established by Midlothian so too When
muscular contraction does not result in motion when
which would have appeared as work takes the form Of
heat; result deducbe by the law Of correlation from
the steam engine
THF VITAL FORCES PRODUCED NERVES AND HEE.
yoUs CESTERs
The last OF the socaed vital forces winch we are to
examine is that produced by the nerves, and nervous
ceners In the which stimulates muscle TO con-
traction this force is undenaby motion, since is pro-
pncaed along this nerve from extremity to the other
IN common language too this idea finds currency In the
comparison Of this force to electricity the gray or ceu
lar matter beng the battery the white bbrOus matter
the conductors That this force is not electricity how
ever, Du Bos Raymond has demonstrated by showing
equeed by the greyhound and the rece'horse. In his
opinion, the propagation OF nervous Impulse sort OF
successive molecular polarization like magnetism But
that this agent force as analogous to electricity as Is
mission OF electricity along nerve Will cause the con-
traction OF the muscle TO which II leads but also by the
more important fact that the contraction OF muscle is
excited by diminishing its normal electrical current;
ped % eeeTcr aF es erere must be
transmitted potential energy.
THE HIGHEST MANIFESTATIONS OF ANIMAL LIFE.
What now. shall say Of that highest manifestation
Of animal lfe thoughtp powerl Has the upper region,
called intelligence and reason any relations TO physical
force This realm has not escaped the searching invest
CATION Of modern science and although in IL investga
tons vastly more difficult than in any OF the regions
thus far considered yet results OF great value have
been obtained which may help us to solution or our
external manifestation Of thoughtforce is muscular
one word spoken written gesture, an express
Correlated with nerve force These manfesatons reach
ing the mind through the avenues Of sense awaken ac
dence understood blank sheet OF paper exctes no
emotion ever covered with Assyrian cuneitorm eharac-
ters It's alterations OF black and white awaken no re-
sponse in lthe ordinary brain II Is only when, by inc
cell has been educated. that these before meaning
less characters awaken thought. Is thought then,
simply "a cell action which may or may not result
I'm muscular eIpressOn-an action which originates rev
combinations Of truth only, precisely as calculating
machine evolves new combinations OF hguresi WHAT
ever define thought to be, this fact appears certn
that ia capable OF external manifestation by Gonyer
conversion. But here the question arises Can IL De man
ifested iRwardy without sueh Ira nc ei
pendent of the matter of the braini Experiments inse-
Rns' 6s IMPORTANCE aPS Of n the results Will trust war
rant me in examining the methods employed in these
methods measuring minute amounts OF electricity are
very perfect and the methods for the d neat
that smaller differences OF temperature may be recog-
nzed by converting the heat into electricity than can be
detected thermomericay The apparatus FIRST used by
MellOni in 1892, is very simple, consisting nrst OF par
OF metallic bars like those described IN the early part OF
the lecture eectg the conversion or the neat ana
second, OF delicate gayan0meter LOT measuring tne
electricity produced. In the experiments in question
one OF the used made of bismuth the other OF
alloy of antimony and zinc preliminary tals v1hin hSE
the skull soonest manifested externally IN hat de
preston which exists just above the occpta protuDe
ance pair OF these little bars fastened TO the head
at this point and TO neutralze tne lCsuts oa %
rise OF temperature over the whole BODY secohd p"
reversed in direction. attached 10 the leg or arm SO
tbot n like increase OF heat came to both, the eectci
ty developed by would be neutrazed py the 0the
and no effect be produced uponthe needeunles only one
was Affected by long practice ascertaned that
state OF mental torpOr could be produced lasting io
bonrs IN which the needle remained stationary But let
or sneak a single word, though the expert |
menter remained absolutely passive, and the reeep-
through 20 degrees In explanation of this production OF
heat the analogy OF the muscle at once suggests tse
muscular action represents force a %hG hS % tbe %
cepton OF an idea energy which has escaped cOnver
into thought from precisely Ox5 6e sas tbst Ies.
which affect the emotions, produce nps Tss,taop GGs
in their reception moti0na tsw poeTy prodne
ing more effect than several hours OF deep
thought" Hence II /; evident 1nst accomnshes u1e this
conversion Of energy far more perfectly than hnt We
produces simply emotion But we may .ahs s'ep h
ther in this same direction muscle preeseS ~ ne
law OF correlation requires develops ess ne"t "ns
work than When th sp reeepon %4o1 idea by tho
brain the thought is expressed out"ardy Oy some mus
and in addition TO the production OF thought portion OF
the energy appears nerve and musclepowei less,
n dnereiSs InS Of s~oU correafon Dr. Lombards expert
ments have shown that the sihouht o noaI
dryeoped by the recitation TO ones SELF OF euotOnal
noetry was in every less when that recitation was
oral; t. g. had muscular expression lnese iesuis alo
IN Id Teet S'i in physcs demonsraons diminish
ing the emotional energy py eonSornk .rienne alone