The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-07-28

Editorial Opinions of the Leading Journals
upon Current Topios-Compiled Every
DAY for the Evening Telegraph.
THE FEDERATIvE PRINCIPLE IN
EUROPE.

When, three weeks ago, we were commemo-
rating with enthusiasm the declaration of our
national independence, our Minister at the
court Of Vienna was celebrating, by the time
honored formula of a dinner. the same glo-
rious anniversary. The circumstance is
chiefly notable on account of q somewhat re-
markable speech reported to have been made
by Count Beust on that occasion. 1t must
be remembered that on the 4th of July the
Spanish question had not yet arisen to absorb
the attention of Europe, and to infuse new
perplexities into the task of Austrian states
men. The subject at that moment upper
most in the minds of the chiefs of the
c0rpS diplomdtlque who partook of the
hospitality of Mr.. Jay, was the result
of the elections for the Reichsrath
Just then concluded. Though partially con-
soled by an accession of strength in Moravia
and Galicia, the Government had still to
mourn over the stubborn opposition of the
Czechs TO its policy of dualism. TIL non
German portion of Bohemia had steadily de-
clined to approve of the policy which recog-
nized the independence of the Hungarian
crown of st. Stephen, and which refused to
accede the same distinction to their native
sceptre transmitted from st. Wencesilaus.
AT the late elections, therefore, they voted,
as on previous occasions, for Deputies who
do not take their seats, but persist by a pas
Nv AAOb4 NhO III VA
pressing their non-adherence to the present
constitution of the Austro-H Hungarian Empire.
Count Beust naturally feels that the recon
stluction of the State shattered by Sadowa is
only half complete so long as such an ano-
maly continues, and at the celebration in
question he took occasion to trace an analogy
between the present state of things in Aus
tria and the earliest independent federation
of the States of our own country. He is re-
,,nrtoG IN bova caid.-ssMr low raoorlaI bor,
Washington was afraid of the autonomy of
thirteen States. Now, there are thirty-seven:
each O little realm Of itself, with every diver
sity of nationality, creed, and legislation.
Why, then, could autonomy be granted to
them to such an extent? Simply because
none of them refrained from entering the
common parliament" The great Saxon Pre-
mier of Austria went on to point out that it
was equally dangerous for Governments as
for nations to shirk parliamentary response
bilities, and that such an assembly was to a
people what home was to a family, and when
unity ceased to exist, the nation, equally with
the family, must fall to pieces.
These opinions are very significant. as
evincing the thorough appreciation possessed
by the leader of Austrian liberalism of the
dangers which menace the internal cohesion
of the dominion of the Kaiser. We lately
adverted to the added perils from without
hASh ldtS ON0utS AdNc CIcdIcu ZOE huStrla.
The question of how these are to be met
will probably mark a turning point in
modern European history. Should, as
French critics predict, the absorption of
South Germany be the first step in a Prus-
sian triumph which would point to the an
n~exation by the German Confederation of
Austria on the west of the Leitha, and the
occupation of the Hungarian provinces by
Russia. it is perfectly obvious that the en-
EOlkanal 1fhnralsop, ,rhsa1, ,a~;oI A.
disaster of Sadowa would make one
other effort to. avert by popular enfran-
chisement the entire extinction of the en-
pire. The lessons OF the French revolution
are not forgotten in Europe. The great
powers of the continent know what popular
enthusiasm can effect when enlisted on the
side of national freedom. When Danton
hurled back defiance to the allied kings of
Europe, and as a gage of battle threw before
them the head OF a king, he calculated
rightly that the nation which stood as one
man against foreign domination was simply
invincible. If Austria is weak when standing
forth as one power formed out of a congeries
of divided States, she has but to make each
of her provinces feel that they have an indie
pendent existence to fight for as we'll as a
common federal bond, and no power, how
ever strong, will be likely to subdue them,
or, %subduing, will lind it possible to hold
them in subsection.
Were Austria to be forced into the condi-
tion of a confederation of States, with an In
perial President, it is clear that the first step
would be accomplished of a process which
may in time change the face of Europe. The
resolution lately attributed to the French
Emperor, of making himself the apostle of a
republican propaganda in case of meeting
with disaster in the present campaign, had
probably but little foundation in fact. But
it is none the less likely that the extremity
of the French empire might lead to a fedora
ton of the Latin races of Southern Europe,
which the supposed example of Austria
would do much to confirm. In such
a case, the great German Confederation
would have been already complete, and there
would remain only. room for the union of the
Scandinavian family of nations, and the
erection of a Muscovite dominion which
would have its capital on the Dardanelles,
and which, it must be admitted, would still
seriously menace, by its Pan-slavist doctrines,
the separate existence of the Sclavonic ma
tionalities of Austria. In any case, it is clear
that the pending struggle between France
and Prussia is of the most vital interest, both
as regards the future OF the small States and
the prospects of democracy in Europe.
MASSACHUSETTS AND MIR. MOTLEY
From The N. Y. World.
Massachusetts,, Z" says Mr.. Summers organ
the Boston Journal, must guard the homo
of her sons" 'By all means, we respond
as the old Duke of Cambridge CALCULATES
when the clergyman said Let us pray in tn
Liturgy. 1t is a duty which Massachusetts
clearly owes, especially to her unhappy, frus
trated historian. Our only doubt is whethe
she is taking the right way to vindicate him
1t seems that "a charge brought against Mr.
Motley to justify his removal is that in tn
-oo,kA of AAril 1890 .A-oo1;kaI. ocko. L.