The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-09-13
The Kingdom of Italy.

In consequence of the attempt in January,
1S5S by Orsini upon the life of Napoleon III,
a law directed against all suspected individuals"
was enacted in Sardinia and this circumstance
was significant of very close and friendly rela-
tions between France and Sardinia. Austria at
once took the alarm, and began to suspect the
existence of intrigues between these two powers
having for their object her expulsion from
Lombardy and Venice. She therefore resorted to
a series of liberal measures for strengthening
her foothold in her Italian provinces, and at the
same time endeavored to fortify her position by
forming a league with the minor Italian States.
Naples and Modena were found willing to enter
into all Austrian projects, but the Duchess of
Parma and the Grand Duke of Tuscany de-
clned. In August, 1852 it became known that
Sardinia had ceded to Russia o cite for navy
yard at Villafranca, and the latter power made
an effort to purchase the petty principality of
Monaco, and secure naval depot at Brindsl
from the King of Naples. Then followed the
matrimonial alliance between Prince Napoleon,
the French Emperors cousin, and the Princess
Clothilde, daughter of King Victor Emanuel,
and all these circumstances forced Austria into
the belief that she was about to become the
object of triple alliance. This was confirmed
by few words spoken by Napoleon to the
Austrian Ambassador on New Years day, 1859,
and both sides commenced their preparations
for war forthwith. The King of Naples en-
deavored to stave off the impending revolution
in his dominions by setting free many political
prisoners. The Grand Duke of Tuscany, the
Duke of Modena, and the Duchess of Parma,
unable to make stand against the gathering
storm, forsook their dominions, the Duke of
Modena taking his political prisoners along
with him, and transferring them TO the dun
enff fho trto
In April the Austrian General Gyulat sent an
ultimaium to Victor Emanuel, and immedi-
ately marched his army across the Ticino On
the Goth of May the left wing of the Austrian
army was defeated by the combined forces of
France and Sardinia at Monticello, and their
right wing was on the point of being Hanked as
the result of the battles of Palestro, May 81 and
June l, when they recrossed the Ticino, but only
to sustain complete routin an open battle at Ma
genta, the 4th of June The victory of Solferino
(June 24) followed and the war was brought
to close by personal interview between the
French and Austrian Emperors at Villafranca,
July IL, and the subsequent treaty of Zurich,
November 10. AS the result of this treaty,
Sardinia acquired portion of Lombardy, for
which she agreed to pay Austria $42, 600, 900,
while Venice and the Lombardan fertresses of
Mantua and Peschiera were confirmed to Aus
tria, Napoleon subsequently receiving Savoy
and the county of Nice from Sardinia as COM
pensation for his timely assistance.
The restoration of the Grand Duke of Tus-
cany and the Duke of Modena had been stipu-
lated by the treaty of peace, but the people of
these territories united with those of portions
of the Pontifcal States in protesting against the
restoration of their former rulers, and under
the leadershipof Garibaldi and other republican
leaders, grand movement In favor of Italian
anity was started. Count Cavour had left Vic
tor Emanuel's Ministry on the signing of the
preliminaJies of yinafTanca, but in Japuary,