, 1870-11-17
!, ~. FOREIGN.
The Crisis On the Eastern
Question,
:.Gortschakoff's IS Note 10 the Great
~. Powers.
,Gladstone's Reply Through the
ii. British Minister ), at: ):
st. Petersburg. ~ -
Active War Preparations Go
ing On in Russia.
Negotiations for an Alliance Be-
" tween England. Austria,
Italy, and Turkey.
London Newspapers Unanimously
Join in the War Cry.
The British Cabinet Resolves
10 Aci Decisfvely.
Army Movements in France.
French plnnE for the Relief
OF the Be1cnsucrcd
Puxislnnss
Negotiations for an Alliance Be-
tween England. Austria,
Italy, and Turkey.
London Newspapers Unanimously
Join in the War Cry.
The British Cabinet ReBOlreB
10 Aci Dectstvely.
French PlnnE for the Relief
OF the BeJe1Eucrcd
PnrialnmA,
THE EASTERN QUESTION.


AAA|
0oKIhCHAkoFYh NOTE
new YORK, Nor. lt.-The T.1bune's corresponds
snt in Lordon sends the following full text OF
rIiuce GortschAtu17a cIrcular to Baron Brunnow,
to Granville by BrunnoW On the
9th Of November: |
@PA1AcE o. TZARKpK, SC1o, Oct ~, 1ssn.
"BARox: Tie successive alterations which tie
cuoe!nesed to bc the foundation Of
the equilibrium Of Europe have undergone, hare
obliged The Inpe1ta. Cao,net TO examine the In
ueuce uron the political position Of Itusta there
from resulting Afuoux these compromises, that
witch Interests us most directly Is the treaty Of
The 18th and soth Of March, 1864. The special
convention between the two powers bordering
On the Black Sea, annexed to this treaty
contaius an engaRemcnton the pat Of Russia to
limit her ns7al force to ineonsldesable t1trneu-
6tons. In return, this ueaty offered her the prta-
1lple Of the naturalization Of that scs. In view
OF the eiEnatoEy powers, this principle was to re-
move all possibility Of a connIct, whether b.
tween the powers bordering on the Black Sea,
or trtwccu them npd the maritime powers, 1t
w8s to Increase the number Of territories called
BY The unan!mous agreement OF Europe TO enjoy
tho benefits Of neutrality, ind 90 protect Russta
heERelf irnm asf danger Of sggreas1on. The ex-
pe11ence Of nfteeu ych1B has proEed that thta
principle, upon which depends the security Of the
whole extent Of the frontiers OF the Huaslan En-.
r!rr in this direction, rests only on theory; In
1art, while Russta dlssrued In the Black Sea,
md, even BY declaration recorded in the pro-
tocola OF the conferences, loya1l5
denied to herself the possibility OF
Iaktn9 efaclent measures for maritime
defence In the adIarent seas and ports,
Turkey p: ese1veti the tight 70 keep up unlimited
naval I rces In the Archipelago and stralts,
France md England preserved tho power Of con-
centr411ng their squalr,ns In the Mediterranean.
MUreosc:. b5 The terms Of the tseaty the entrance
into the Black Sea u formally and forever pro-
hbtted tn the dag Of war, whether Of the riparian
powe1a OF any other power, hut hy virtue OF the
convention the passage through ihese straits Is
clostd to days Of var only In time OF peace. It
results from this contradiction that the caAssa OF
the Rassisn Empire remain exposed to nil agg1rs-
al0ns. even on the past Of less powerful States,
As 6oon as thcF rossesa naval 1orcca to
which Ruasls would be able TO oppose only few
vehees OF snall dlmenEfsnH. The treaty Of the
18th aud so;h Of March. 1855. moreover, hss not
escaped the tnsiac1Ions 10 which most OF the
European compromises have been subject, aud
in the presence of which 1t would be dEmtult 10
Ri1irm that 4 wnttcn inv founded upon respect
10. treaties, as Of public law and ruc for the re-
lauous hetwren States, has preserved the same
moral sanction which 1t may hare h1d IN other
times. We have seen the pr1nc!paiitics Of Mol
darla and Nallachia, the status Of which had
been liked by the treaty Of pence, aud hy the sub-
eequent protocols under the guaranty Of the great
poEet1, eject seites Of revolutions Il Contrary
to the spirit ri 10 the letter Of these compru-
1ntses and which 1cs1 them lsst to union md then
70 the Sovereignty Of a foreign pr1nce. Those
eycnta occurred with the conseut Of the Porte
aud the acqu,cscence Of 1he::great powers, OF At
1east without these, the latter having thought It
necessary to make thelr DEGREES respected The
representative OF Raaaia was the only ono 10 raise
his yolce to point cut to tnc Cabinets that by this
xole1at1on, they would put themselves In coutI2.
suctton with the explicit stpalAtona Of the treaty
De3ond doubt, these concessions granted Il
one Of the Christian nationnlites Of the East hst
resulted from general understanding betweel
the Cabinet and the Porte ny Ettruc Of principle
applicable to the whole of the Christian rorula
tona Of Turkey, the Imperial Cabinet would hava
had nothing to do hut Bpp12ud. but they Ter
exc1u1lvo-, Tho Imperial Cabinet then could no
but be struck with the fzct that tt had been pos
xihlr to infringe, With impunlty tho treaty Of 1ss4
but few yeAEa after IT. conclusion Of its esenua
causea, in tho lace Of the great powers assenu
bled In conference 1t Paris, nad representing as
whoae tho high collective authority upon Wh1c
tested the peace Of the EAT.
This lnftsct1on WAS not the only one At ser
erkl intervals and under yx1;ous pretext the en
trance to the straits has been opened to forci8
ships Of war, and that OF the Back Sea to sevel
al squaarona, the presence Of which was y1ola
tton of the character OF absolute neutrality u
cfibed to these watess.
tSnut unexplained trouble with the EuSlis
wires prevented the transmission Of the enttr
motel
GL4DsToSxH REPLf.'
Earl Granville to Sit n buchanan, Brit!aa An
bassados to St. Peiesshurg: .
FoRE1os OFFICE, Nor. 10, 1s7n
AR: Baron DEinEaT made to me yesterday
communication respecting the convention b
tween the Emperor Of Rusaia and the SusA
limiting Their nAval force In the Black Sea, signt
At panS on the 10th OF y arch. 1855, to which II
all1dc In your telegram OF yesterday afte.noo
In mJ despatch OF yesterday 81,
you IN account Of Whist passed b
l"ecn NJ, and l noT propose to ohsez7
npon Prince Gottscha1ons . dispatches Of tho To-
and a>th utt, communicated to me BY the Ru
sl1n Ambassador. TN that occasion Prince Col
schafoH declared, On the part Of His Imrer.
Majesty, tint the treaty Of 1855 had been tnffln
Cd, In various respects. to the prejudice OF Ru
Aaa, and more especially in the case Of the prtns
paatttea against the explicit protest
his Representatives: and that, In cons
quence Of these inlractlona, Russia Is entitled
fcncuuce those zsiruIations Of the treaty whit
. directly touch her intcre=tA 1t 10 then aunounc4
that she will no longer be bound by q
tyc1ties which Fe4sT1et her right Of sovereign
IN the Black Sea. We have here m alleExt
that certain facts have occurred which, In t
judgment Of Russia arc 1t variance With ccrts
Bupnla1tons Of the treaty, and the assumption
made that Russia, upon the strength Of her tae
mcnt a. 10 the character OF these factH, Ia ct
1led to release hei1elf from certain other Eupu
lions Of th1t Instrument This assumption
limited Ia It's practical application to some Of
provisions Of the tseaty, bus the
sumption Ct 4 right to renounce any I
nl lis terms insolveA the assumpt
OF right to renounce The whole. This staten
is wholly independent Of reasonahle1ess or
xeasonnb1eneas, On it, own merits, OF the de.
pf Russia 10 lie released from the observance
the et,pulattons OF the treaty Of 1886 respect
the Black Bea, for the question IL. In *hose hs
lies the power Of releasing one or more OF
ratties frpm Ill or any ct thess BdpnlAtlons :
has a,Eass been held that the right belongs
the royerpmenA only who have b
pa1ties to the original insdoment.
deeraichcs OF Prince Gortschafon apl
TO assume that any Of the powers
have e.gne1 the engagement May auege tnas
s:u1sepccs hare taken place which, 10 tts op'o
gre 1t ys9taccc with the provisions Of the t1c
and although this view is not SHARED nor I'd
ted py the coaguatuas5 rowesF, We may
upon TIA: allegation. not request TO taese
cfnmeutz for confederation OF the caset ou
announcement to them that 1t has emanclp
atself, Or holds itAelf ernanc1pated srom ahJ 8,
1attors OF the treaty which 1t thinks ut 70 d1
p'urc: ytt 1t IL quite eytdent that the ehec
Euch doctrine and Of any proceeding, vi
with or without the aypNhl, u foul
upon It. tsto bring the entire authority md
SO chcy Of treaties under the discretionary cont1
each one Of the powess who mar hare ST
9ae1n+ tno result Of which would he the eut1r
6tFuthoo ot treaties In their easence, whit
1hcir whole object Is 70 bind povcr1 to on
other, and for this purpose each Of tho %
Hur5endesa Portion Of Its free agency. B
. co-srtne and proceeding nov IN question. O
Inc raH1es. N iA seaataic and Individual capa
brings back the enttre subject to its oxn RI,
and feMAins hound only to lteelf Aecnrdl
1.1nce Gortschskrh has announced IN thoat
p&tchea the intention Of Russia 10 cpnrnne ,
Eetve certain Of the provisions OF tne II
However kauffactosy this may be in itsel
obviously Al expression Ct free Will OF
power, which 1t might at any time alter or
draw, aud this II open to the sanc objectc
other portions Of the communication, becA
1mpnes the right Of Ruasta to anunl tho t.ea
the ground Of allegations Of which she con
7e.sIf the only judge. The question, the
Il not whether any decree e1pre2se
Rusaia ought 10 be carefully examined
friendly spirit by the co-slgnator5 powe,
whether they are to accept from her Ann
mcnt, that bT her own act, without. any 2
from them, she has released herselE from
ctun covenant. :! p
"1necd seareelE say that Her Majesty
erruent have received this communicable
<aeep regret, tecxn>e ltopsns = discussion
might unsett1e The cordial upd eYstAnd!ng
been their endsafur ro-maint1if;wtfh Eur
dot the aforementioned reasons Il. Y .
a'ole tor Her AatessJa 0erxnne