The Lincoln County herald., 1870-12-15
TERMS OT ADvER Using.

Slr Clay unquestionably demonstrated tho
natural right Vi the cIt,zens .Ot the Uni.
ted Stutes TO the navigation VI this river.
flaming the &C, Of Congress Of Vienna
iu opening the Rhine aud other rivers to
all nations showed tho judgement Of Eu.
ropcau jurists ia the statement I at The
inhabitants Of u country through which
u navisable river pnsses. have y Da,urst
right to enjoy tho navigation OF that
river to and into the sea, even> though
passing through the territory Of a0Other
power. This right does not exclude
the c.equal right Of the sovereign pos
sessing the territory through which tho
river debouches Ito the sea TO mako
such regulations relative to the policy
Of the navigation as may be reasonably
necessary, but those regulations should
be {, AIMED 10 liberal spirit Of county, aud
should not impose needless burd. rs W On
the commerce which las the right Of tan
sit.
l, has been found 10 practice more ad.
vsntageous 20 arrange these regulations
by mutual agreement. The United
States are ready to make any reasonable
arrangement as to the passage Of the St.
Lawrence which may be suggested by
Great Britain. IL the claim made by
Mr.. Clay was just when the population
of the States bordering on the shores OF
the lakes was only 3,4OO,0O0, it now
derives greater force aud equity from the
Increased population. wealth, production
aud tonnage Of the States on the Cana
dian frontier.
Since Mr.. Clay advanced his argument
in behalf of our right, the principle for
which be coutentcd has been frequently
and by various nations recognized bv law
or by treaty, and has beeu extended 10
several other great rivers. By the treaty
concluded at Mayence in 1881, the Rhine
was declared free from the paint where
it is navigable into the sea. BY the con.
vention between Spain and Portugal, con.
cluded in 1885, the navigation Of the
Doura, throughout its whole extent, was
made free for the subjects Of both
crowns. In 1853 the Argentine confed-
Grafton, by treaty, threw open the free
uavigatin Of the Parona and Uruguay to
the merchant vessels Of all na,io0s. In
1856 the Crimesn war closed by treaty
/ which provided for the free navigation OF
the Danube. In 1858 Bolivia, by treaty.
declared it regarded the rivers Amzon
and Da Platte, iu accordance with fixed
|, principles of national law, as highways
!, or channels opened by nature for the
, commerce Of all nations. In 1859 tho
the Paraguay was made free by treaty,
y and in Dece emher 1866, the emperor Of
Brazil, BY imperial decree, declared tho
4 Amazon to De open to the frontier Of
e Brazil 70 the merchast ship Of all ma.
$ tions.
n The greatest living British oa,hu,iy
on this subject, while asserting the ad-
n stract right Of the British claim, says:
It "lt seems difficult to deny that Great
s Britain may ground her refusal upon strict
$ law, but it Is equally difficult to deny, Grs,
e that in so doing she exercises harshly oil
!. extreme aud harsh law; second. that her
e conduc. with respect to the navigation OF
@ the St Lawrence is in glartng and dis
y creditable inconsistency with her conduct
With sespect to the navigation Of the
ir Mississippi"
IT On the ground that she possessed .
ID small domain in which the Mississippi
y took its rise, she insisted on the right II
:, navigate the entire volume Of it's waters
,e Un the ground that she possessed boil
NJ banks of the St. Lawrence where it dis
Of embodies itself into the sea, she denie
ne to the United States the right Of uaviga
ed ton. though about one half Of the water
Of lakes Ontario, Erie. Huron, Superio
tn aud the " hole Of lake Michigan. throug
u which the river flows, are the property &
c. the United States. The whole nation
s. interested 10 securing through trans poi
by tation from the agricultural States of tn
Gle West to the Atlantic .eabosrd To tn
,as citizens Of these States it secures
nat greater return for their labor; to the IL
or habitants Of the seaboard it offers cheap'
m food. and to the nation On increase in Il
ard annual surplus Of wealth..
ion It is hoped that the government
of Great Britain will see the Justice
oi aban ndOning the narrow and inconsisle
one claim to which her Canadisu previOc
have urged her adherence.
'os OUR DEpnEss COMMERCE
ties is q subject to which called your spec
un attention vt the last ses. ion, aud sugeert
}, that We would in the future have to To-
rec more to 10 the CO ntries Soath of Us,
ma China aud Japan fur its revival. y
''ng representatives. to all these governme'
IAN have exerted thir influence TO encours
the trade between tho United States and
her' countries to which they are sccredi''
ONE but the fact exists that the carrying
a"y done almost entirely in foreign botto,
mon and while this state Of sfairs exists
the cannot control our due share Of the CO
merce Of the world. hat between
been Pacific State aud hina and Japan
the about all the carrying trade now @
ex- Quoted iu American vessels.