The New York herald., 1870-07-21

Death Of a Prominent Brazil.
ian Liberal.
The Marquis dc olinda Dsad-Taxation on Mo-
na,tic Orders Annual Report Of the Minis
lei Of the Empirs-Educatinn ~ .ss No
Easses- Electoral statistics- Assassi-
nation Of an American News from
the Argentine Republic, Uru-
~ quay and Paraguay. m
RIO JANEIRo, June 8, 1870.

e quay and Paraguay. 4
e.err rs..lra RIO JANEIRo June 8, 1870.
fhe diminutive liberal minority In the Senate has
suffered another loss In the death of the father of
the Senate the Marquis de Olinia who expired yes
teray at the age of eighty years. of cerebral on
gestion. s
Pedro de Aranjo Lima, Marquis de Olinda, was
born in Pernambuco His education was carried on
In the city OF Pernambuco until OF age to go TO the
Portuguese University OF Coimbra, where he gradu-
ated IN law. In 1921 he was elected member, from
Brazil OF the Constituent Assembly OF Portugal, and
upon the separation Of Brazil from the mother coun-
try was elected by his native province to the Coi-
stituent Assembly OF Brazil in 1928. from which
time untn his death he represented the province as
Deputy or Senator lie took at once a hgn rank
among political men, and was President OF thc
Chamber OF Deputies in 1925 and 1927, and from
1881 to 1897 excepting the year 1884. In the last OF
those years he was chosen as Senator for Pernam-
buco and was appointed Regent Of the empire
twice during the minority OF Dom Pedro H., the sec
Ond time by election. In 1928, 1921 1852
and 1887 he was Minister OF State, and
after the liberals had obtained the decla-
ration IN 1910 OF Emperors majority at the age
of fourteen years Sr. Aranjo Lima made visconde
de Onda In 1S4i, organized the Cabinets OF Septem.
ber ls4s; May, 1857; Nay, 1852, ana May 1865. In
was onicer OF the Cruzero and Grand Cross OF
the order of Christ in Brazil in addition to which he
belonged to the Legion of Honor in France, the ST.
Stephen OF Hungary, the st. Maurice and ST. Laza
rus Of Italy, and the Medjede OF Turkey.
The Marquis de Olinla, as statesman, was noted
for his tolerance In politics. and from this cause ana
from his great experience he had for many years
been looked upon by public men as the Nestor OF
politicians, to whose opinions AMI advice all were
willing to lend Difference and respect. AS member
OF the Council OF State, to which he was nominated
IN 1912, he was hardworklng, calm and logical,
ana his spirit viii long continue to pervade
Almost every branch Of public administration,
SO numerous have been the decisions Of
doubtful points and on the other questions OF
importance which under the Brazilian system
referred TO the Council Of State. Notwithstanding
his advanced age the old statesman never laid aside
death he took his usual scat within the Senate. AS
q party man ne was essentially moderate iiberal
views OF the liberal party-in regard to slavery, he
was opposed to any direct legislation to emancipae
the slaves; yet two or three years ago, he liberated
O. consd derabe number of slaves whom he had iil-
herited by hs SISTERS death. ffh e.rr7t =.
In consequence Of the death of the Marquis dc
Ohniathe senate adjourned yesterday without trans
acting any business, ana VIII not sit to-day, The
iamet taxing place 1as afternoon d , on tue e,
for lS7O71. which were postponed last year In con-
sequence q the opposition OF the Liberals 70 certain
demanded should be separated. warm discussi on
has again arisen over the clauses putting progress
sVe taxation on the monastic orders, TO force them
to sell their slaves and al their possess IN land
and houses except the converts and their adjuncts
IL Is most probable however, that the clauses
referring to them VIII pass for though the monks
and those interested in The management OF the pro-
pery have made a strong opposition TO the measure
II Is acknowledged by ali that the property is greatly
misufanaged, and tnat the secular duties entailed
upon the monks placed IN charge Of them units
them from returning with a contented spirit to the
uhmundane monotony OF the claustral seclusOn.
Thus, therefore, those who believe in the preserva-
a m n
Its destruction IN Brazil are In general agreed In re-
gard to a measure for converting The conventual
possessions into government bonds Still the monks
and considerable part OF the chnrch party fear that
such measure, however advantageous in appear
wedge destined 10 split OF Church aud State aud
destroy monastlcsm within the Empire. The gov
eminent is most anxious TO have the estimates pass
without delay lor the money authorizations all ex-
pre- Oh the list OF July.
The Minister OF the Empire, Conselheiro Pauline
de Souza has to-day published part OF his annual
report to the Legislature and on cursory investiga
tion It presents many topics OF interest to the nation,
which. IL is TO be hoped, may be pressed upon the
General Assembly. lie announces hls intention to
bring forward bills to interpret doubtful parts OF the
Addrional act. that virtual amendment TO the con-
stituton which the liberals assert to have perverted
its meaning and enslayed the people. He also pro-
poses TO piomoe bills In regard to electoral reform,
TO take the census OF the empire for civil registry
for Improvement Of the sanitary police OF the cities
and ports, for the creation Of university at RIO
Janerio, including faculties OF law. medicine
theology. physics and mathematics, and for the es-
tabLshment of provincial secondary instruction as
also for the more general diffusion or education
throughout the empire
In regard to education he draws some melancholy
pictures OF the low state OF education IN Brazil as
compared with other countries. Thus, he says, In
the United States 100000 OF scholars receive In
privileged classes and s90,oOO,6o0 is annu-
ally expended on the founding and sup
teachers, under the watch and oversight of
900 functionares elected by the people, who
rs only one public school to every 2oie nhabitants
While in the United States there is school to every
schools for primary and secondary education, at
tended by 126,546 children, out OF q population OF
al sfn at scs a the Mns
says. dlsgraceiu to the pubic powers in free
country.
In regard to the electoral statistics OF the empire
1t Is divided in,o fortysix DISTRICTS 40S colleges,
about 1888 parishes ZO,0o6 electors and 1,033.659
voters, represented by l22 deputies ana 1ityeght
senators In the General Assembly, and by 579 de-
putes TO the provincial assemblies The number Of
electors to each general deputy varies from sixty in
AmaAonas TO 2o9 in Bahia that of Rio Janeiro being
167. The average OF the proportion OF electors
members OF provincial assemblies, general deputies
and senators Is as iollowS:
voters.
One One nis member o Of nroyncia, assemblies Sa9Si
que general deputy. d639S3
The San pauo mai has Just brought neligsnce Of
the murder OF Or. Washington Menles, near Cjrnp
mas. This gentleman was doctor in homeopathy
and had emigrated from the United states aud mar
ried INTO Brazilian family OF the province OF san
PaulO. lie was shot while on the coffee terrace Of
his plantation; but as yet nothing iS known or the
object OF the murder, nor by whom 1t was inflicted.
II Is another Of those cold boodel assassnatons un-
happily SO common in Brazil, where prOfessed bra
are protected and upheld by planters and even
by the authorities, either for the sake OF what they
nave done or Tor the useful work they may have
to do. .tli 3 ~
Another instance OF the extreme carelessuess with
which professed aud habitua smokers disregard the
most ordinary dictates OF prudence occurred O few
days ago in little town or san Paulo. At q rewOrk
factory four men were working at making rockets
in room where there were some 200 pounds OF pow
der some barrels OF saltpetre, sulphur &C., and as
usual smoking was going on. Fire from cigaret
dropped into vessel OF powder, which exploded
and communicated lire to all; and the result the
death OF three and injury TO The fourth VINO
happened TO be close to the door. .,s-4
great lnuDdatiOn occurred in Piracuruca, in the
province OF Piauhy, last April, the river Of that