Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1870-12-29
On the use Of Manures

This is subject in which all practical
'armers are greatly interested, and it is
hoped that such as are present, will give |
to the meeting their personal experience.
and the result of any experiments which /
they may have mdae for | believe that |
much good will be the result of these dis |
from the fact that information
will be elected, and also a tendency to
a~asrn interest and enquiry among our
members. | would also propose that ia
the conclusion OF the reading OF this paper
that those present will give their opinions
IN regard to it, for unless result of this
Kind is reached, the object will be In
great measure lost. We should better un-
derstahi what conclusion we have reached
in our own minds upon hearing different
statements presented.
In deciding this all important question.
the different circumstances OF each indI-
sidual farmer 81 ,uld be considered Some
are fortunate in being located on fertile
soil others more sterile but we all need
10 husband all the manure We can obtain
lest we fall short of that necessity To
the latter class Of farmers this subject is OF
vast importance.
Very much may be added to The value Of
manure by composing There are many
waste materials about the farm. such as
litter muck. weeds. vegetable mould from
the forest turf from the road side. loan
and every thing containing vegetable mat
;er which j. Of great value II applied to the
compost heap and pass through 4 process
81 fermentation The heap should be 10
placed that the liquids OF the barnyard
watcr from the sink, Stops and soaps uds
from the house may b. thrown upon il
some farmers adopt tbs plan Of conveying
these liquids into watts. and then applying
,Aem TO thu compost heap
Tile degree Of fermentation necessary
VIII 10 measure depend upon the quality
oi The soil and the Kind of crops for which
Tie compost j, intended For the small
IRA MS raw manure Is considered uufarur-
a'le. a. tending 10 produce 100 sou, 4
growth % straw. and preii.po,ing it ID
rl>t Great cArc should D. cxerr. >ed. les,
t'o hi-h a degree OF heat hc attained. and
the most valuable properties he lost. II
such stat" ha> already taken place. apply
water, or any ~ The liquids TIN, have
named, in sufficient quantities 10 cool the
heap. In all i;s fir; stages Of dccompo-
>iiion, manure j liable 10 throw of gasses
i should therefore, be combined with mat
ter which will prevent their escape
Plaster charcoal. and loam. are axcrs of
ammonia consequently either or all Of these
Will prevent any escape Of ga~ses when
spread over the compost heap In sufficient
quantities. That anythiu. ! added hy
fermentation. do not suppose hut ly
bringing certain substances under the
operation Of this process. the amount Of
he aggregate value Of manure j in
creased
Atter fermentation ha> cessed. the heap
>aoGld be broken into and shovelcd over
several times before being applied 10 the
soil. And in fact all manurc> are greatly
benefited by frequent shoyeling over. a. I,
induces fermentation. and iii has in any
degree arrived al that state and i, throw
ins of gasses (Which may readily be told
hy the smell apply either plaster or loan.
>ir Humphrey Davy had considered tina,
something valuable was lost in the steam
escaping from the manure heap. He
placed quantity Of stable manure in the
soil. and when it had reached high de-
gree Differentiation, placed pipes over il.
and carried the steam TO some distance
upon grass plat. In short time the
peculiar grecnDe>> OF the gra>> wa, re-
marked 10y all that saw it: and il was only
accounted Tor from the ga>>es OF the
manure conveyed to 1t through there pipes.
! would here observe that he who allow.
the smell arising from his manure hesp.
10 offend his alfactories. is permitting the
escape Of an agent which il applied TO hi,
crops would be OF great advantage to:
them. In sandy soils think il decidedly
advisable 70 Use animal manure in the
form OF compost, which should be well de-
composed before ii is applied In some
=
plains. upon which various experiment,
have been tined for tie purpose of bring.
Ing them - a state lit for cultivation. And
! understand by farmers from those sec
tons. that they have used long manure
with very little advantage; but a marked
effect has been produced By the application
Of composted manurc-. IL seemed in con
neciion with the clover and the grasses 10
bind tie soil together and make il more
firm. 30 that it better resisted the effects
Of the droughts.
IL j. practice in England 10 use infer
mented manures for turnips | have ire
quently tried il but not with A. satisfactory
results a could wish; but seldom or new
er failed OF securing a fair crop when
planted upon compost or fernented
manures; and in almost every instance |
have found the composted or ferrnented
nanures Of greater advantage than that
applied fresh from the barnyard. and that
it is better TO work it well in with the soil
with cultiyator harrow. than ID is 10 turn
{ under the first furrow. The two great
points to which the farmer should give
his attention, 10 secure a crop, are manure
ing and blowing. Fertility must be Sc
cured, either from the natural state OF the
soil or from manure, and then, blowing
must be well and faithfully done or the
after cultivation will fail to give the de-
sired results. Ii is often difficult for the
farmer to beside what particular manure
his land requires without analysis; for they
may possess all the ingredients necessary
TO produce the desired crop except a sim
pie one, and for want Of that his crop may
70;