Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-11-11
yurface Maturing.


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.lAL < MGl ? itttTT-7f 81 2 ( NAub4
CONFLICTING opinions exist among
farmers as to whether II ;is best to apply
manure to the surface, and II 80, as TO the
best season OF doing It. Il .,ltqis ,.t 4
y Some twenty years ago, the opinion was
popular that when mnnures were applied
to the soil they should be immediately
covered witlIit, and at adepth OF four to
six inches. That iopllilon has been much
modified, some even having gone so FIR as
to say that II should not be covered at all
!, 1t seems to us that the ruth lies between
the two extremes ~ s.n,.,sua M, ,s3
% First, as to covering manure. We are in
formed that in England the common prac-
tice at this time is TO Upplyla much of the
manure as is. s.practicalle 20 the surface, and
never cover H. !. 1t is usedin liquid form,
or If ,solids in very fine condition, and
merely mingled with the soil by the harrow
or the drill wi h which the grain is sown.
When the soil Is devoted TO roots, or amy
crop where hoeing is to be done, the ma
nufe is still kept on or very near the sur
face, and is fedoeed toa fine condition.
We have plenty of examples in nature in
this respect. She Will restore most eX-
hausted lands to "a state vi fertility BY tlw
slow process or annual deposits on the Sur
face, of such plants as arc Indigenous TO
the soil, some of, the elements of which are
! derived from the atmosphere. She does
not plow under anything, but still produces
large forest crops OF heaYy growths Of
grass, or other coafser heritage, annually
This process may serve as a hint, but does
not prove that there ls nota quicker way
| to reclaim the land. Vegetable substances
that are lender ana suecnlent Would prob
ably decay, and form o favorable hed for
seed or roots Wnen slyhtly covered up IN
the soll, Ill tourth part OF the tnne which
would be required II they remained above
ground, y .'!-l -'' .' '''''
In discussion OF larm-yard manures in
the : London or Central Farmers Club"
the chairman said he believed that manure
was never so dyant1geously applied as
when it was. laid on the surface, and that
81 thrtrom deterioratlng or losing anything
through exposure to- the 'atTnospnere, ~
1 caused more beneft 10 tllet tappef SOU Whefe
IL was desirable Its effects should be most
! apparent Tins opinion seemed TO DC re-
ceived as sound dootflne Tor no one OBJ
jected to tNltrIng the dtFclssion G.l 4
4 Mr"Hobertsi1aRer,' Who opened the dIs'
cusslon at the same, meeting, after touch
ing upon almost every conceivable point IN
the management and application OF farm
yard manures, stated as distinctly, "s ms
A DcleI, tpag the pesl mOue OF applying
manure was to take 1t direct from tht
farm yard and turn il in at once, so as moi
to leaveit exposed"
we arrived at thus conclusion many
years ago, from our own practice and OBJ
servation from time to time, This courS'
A seems free from any of the objection
Il which are urged against other moues
\ using II. .-. .5 ..
In this way he manure is handled bu
once, whereas, in composing, 1t must b
moved several times. .. t,e
In composing, at each overhauling ther
"A il a loss in tbe escape ammonia, and ther
Y is danger Of carrying fermentation too ihl
and thus greatly injuring the manure.
If manure is taken directly from th
yard and plowcd under, II Is handled A
once, loses nothing in the escape Of an
monia, because no fermentation has take
4 place, and is not injured at all by heating
! lGovered two or three inches, it is 500
in warm and moist condition, so tbs
fermentation readily takes place, and case
are given off. THESE are arrested by til
soil, as are also its juices and are not onl
in a state ot'leadlness to be taken up b
the roots OF plants, but act in double c.
!, pacity by becoming food themselves, an
acting upon other materials until they b'
tcome-so. at a
I happlying it in green state, much
4 it viii be in "A coarse condition, but fe
menhtion and the action OF frost VIII ten
n 70 pulyerize 1t, SO that second piowin
e.' %lA usually incorporate II pretty tho
I oughly with the SOIL. q Nnh these miVal
! have hesitation
y recommending this course with all the M
9 nure that can be applied in the autumn
7 lfcompostcd. with any substance that WI
h divide the wet manure, so that 1t can
$ maze somewhat llhe, tlleh we "ouiu put
under in the spring as early as the co
e iqltlgn OF the SOIL Will permit
o 4 y fnr THESE, ana olher reasons VIM, VIM.
VI mlghI De urged we are cleatly oI Wy " oIi
+ ION lliat, p Iir as we can illaAe ~ chlye
u leh., Is pest 10 pun an tile lilanulc , VIZ
u unaeI ground IN It's lresh anu oruue ~ 80
q ..tieh anu cover 1t lioV lholc 'l'uil ''ii
e INCHES 9 ~ lile most
9oiile sooa i'lriilcIs oo ifoU apl'y inah.l
u I'ilth ~ mas peeI kept Il tNtISeil,Qli'h
II Deileve that IS INC case WIN NJ Ioi
7 i, brooks, oI = rlpe'lson, ~ d. MSS Hho Is
y lqLEG ana prosperous TURNER ---- =,
5; I Wlth regard 10 Top dressing tiiere are al
Al various 9plnlonh NV llltl ~ fai ~ Nft
le prohtaoly employed scircely aollllls i vi
q qleslon Qn grass lahas IL Is Sehefa'
y Withheld too ,long,TlinuI me grass roc
Is are exhausted ahg theFe - hoInllg
u upon when TO oulid up crop, II Oh! on NJ
T. land the TOP dressing shoula oe appieu
early as nnmedialely al'er inc secollu u, m, NJ
~ naI eisoIous IUoII W VIZ Upo, o,hor ANY, To