, 1870-06-26


EcArcelr any important invention starts II
once Into being; usually, it Las had along paric1
Of PREPARATION, BY men who teaped no prout
from their 1abora- The world considers tho
inventor to be the person who gives tho cspi-
ta touch which imparts practical va!ae to an
any portion Of that value, and whether or not
lie be really more clover thsn the preliminary
inventors who cleared the path for him Dr..
johnson, looking out Of LIS window in Bot
court, enc cyen,ns, saw np;lighter much
until there was euod deal OF bl.ck vapo1
orcr tho wick; xhcreupon the great lexico-
grapbe, said, Il All! Oue OF these days We
shall see tho streets Of London Lighted bY
smoke" Was no: The rea! idea OF gas.l;sht-
yet we DO not sAil him N in
time, Dr. Clayton, about 1soo, distilled
coal in 1etort, producing what ha cal]od
"pblegm, black oil, and spirit; !" this spirit
WAS gus, which he confined in hladder be-
He WAS wont 10 smuee his friends with bum
ing this gas IS it issued from the bladder
through holes picked with pin. This wsa
century and hAlf before the streets we're
Lighted By Eas.
strange eu1iosities. He wrote this book in
the time Of Charles tho Second, and adopted
the name "centuIy" because there arc hun
ured projects described Or rather, tho pro-
jtc:s are asserted, for none OF them arc 20
clcarl- detailed Us to enable IN Art!sAn to work
from them. The range OF subjects is some
thing amazing. Ships to resist any explosive
pgpiectilca, and bo2te to work against wind
and tide, might be taken to preagure our iron
clads and sicambo9ts- Large Cannon to bo
charge dozen times Nth once loading, GER
! tainfy eeem very much indeed like rsvolyers-
| \ brass mould to cast candles, is a verbally
rA.et desssis,ts.'n Of the Eacans now nsed Ia
stituaon Of peete! Tor brass 1 machine
for rsssi6s slips for repsir,
are assuredly among the ways and means Of
modern hyaIsuhe engineering An apparatus
sneS honr It's an II Imp IN OF e.nde S :,
Gently displayed in the metropolis, 1t ono Of
the wurhugmen's exhibitions; whether the
ingenious fellow Who made it had rad the
| Marquis Of Worcester, We do NOT know. A
calculating machine for performing addition
and subtraction vas na,do = hundred aud Atty
years after the Marquis talked about It In his
book. A key That will fksten Ill tho drawers
in cabinet with oaolocking, e1setfs expresses
| Whist Ar. sopwith achieves with his Nonocleid
cabinet- New chemical inks for Eectet writing
new apparatus for semAphoree or signalling
explosive proiectt'ee to Ea;nk ships; N inst-n.
ment. for teaching perspective, method Of
fixing shifting eands on thesea shore; crose-
Low to shoot OF two Arrovs at once; flying
machines: and endless watch, to 60 wtthou,
winding mp; these arc among the <1rious nov
elites mentioned. 1t is dihcult to decide how
far The Marquis hid really worked ont my o!
these coatrivanecs, either IN hia own mind ol
On paper; that be did not always ADVANCE so
far 20 working models may be safely supposed
Nevertheless, he IL believed to hAve made I
model Of something which we in our d4y.
I would call Asteatn-engine; aud be ia known
to have had GermAn xt3isan, CAspar KAlto6
| in his euploy, rs model-mAker and mAchinist
| The visitor ut Raglan Castle, in Monmouth
| ehire, is told OF Al ingenious mechanical con
} ! trivance with which the Mazquis3 who VA.
Lord Of tha castle in tho times Of the civi
I | war) contxived 10 bAf1e the Roundheads Aut
} btfricnd the Royalists on 4 critical occasion.
: The beautiful AT Of photography ia not *
3 modern. IN it's leading principles, - moet O
us are in the habit Of supposing. It-wai
= known nesrly hundred yea1s ago that cert,h
|, chemical substances 1re hlackaned, or 1T leas
= dAfkfnet, By e1poEure TO light. Scheele us
u coSeted this fact in rel1t3on to chloride 0
4 s4sef, Aud Ritter to nitrate Of silver. Fl
l. MunlIey Davy, Dr. Woltsston, and hi
3 MedSNsod; actually obtained photographs 1
ri lso., of tasonE Advantage Of this scientific di.
= covc1y; A camera obecurA wss provided
> | thsouE4 the lens OF which the sun'e light VI
. a6mlttd the Light VIA localized On = sma
7, sheet 1of glass painted With . colore
;" 'devct or picture; and then it fell upon 4 sAe.
= Of pA.er rendered sensitive by nitrate OF 81
+ yer. It WIS found that, according to lhs dep4
70 II coor through which the light passed. 20 d
u lie paper become mors or less dA1kened7 I