Arizona citizen. [volume] (Tucson, Pima County, A.T. [i.e. Ariz.]) 1870-1880, 1870-11-05
and the boys make tops Of it.

Mr.. Ghaves. Yes, sir; a great deal.
The chairman. What we would call
in the North pitch-pine?
Mr.. Chaves. No, sir; you have
nothing Of the kind in this part of the
country.
The chairman. Is it harder than
ordinary pine?
Mr.. Chaves. Yes, sir a great deal
and does not split.
The chairman It must be very du-
rable, then.
Mr.. Chaves. It is durable. Then
we have two kinds Of cedar One is
called the sabine, which is scrubby
cedar, but very durable, and would be
good for ties also.
The chairman. In what quantities
do you find these various kinds Of
woods?
MIR. Chaves. The ouly knowledge
that [ have was from driving across
the country on three different trips
that went to California. We were
driving sheep upon each time; that
was when they were very high, in
1852. Then as matter Of course,
we did not go through the thickly
wooded portion of the country ,bnt we
took the plains in order to avoid the
dangers from the Indians, and at the
same time to avoid losing sheep in the
timber. But whatever mountains we
cross whether the Chricahui mount
aims or the mountains at Steen Peak
all of these have pine, pinon, cedar,
and this other kind called sabine.
The chairman. Do you fluid any
oak?
Mr.. Chaves. There is some oak, but
it is small.
The chairman Not enough to be
useful, I suppose?
Mr.. Chayes. Not that | saw. There
is some ash and walnut.
The chairman. Would you call that
through the southern part OF Califor-
MIA, through Arizona, and through
New Mexico into Texas, a good agri-
cultural country?
Mr.. Chaves. would not call it such
on agricultural country as Ohio; but
it is such q country as you have on
the steppes Of the Rocky mountains,
either east or west, just about the same.
Z have been al the way up to the
thu seventh Or thirty-eighth paral-
lei. At one tine in 1853, we came
from California across the thirty-ffifftth
parallel. That was before any survey
was made, before anybody had ever
come through that route, aud we
.fonnd just about the same kind Of
country. It is 8 country that will raise
% large amount Of stock, sheep, cattle
ior anything Of that kind, and wherever
you can get waiter you can raise any
thing there that you can raise else
where.
The chairman. Is there plenty of
rains?
MI. Chaves. Sufficient for grass.
The chairman Is there sufficient
for grain-ra!sing' wheat, rye, corn,
barley?
Mr.. Chaves. I should think not,
because We mrigate IN New Mexico
everywhere. Still, the Moqui Indians,
INavaioes, and some OF the Apaches
raise corn and wheat, pumpkins,
mushnelons, and wattermelons< upon
just such land without irrigation. The
IAenna, Lagrna, and Zuni Indians in
New Mexico also succeed in doing the
same to some extent.
The chairman. You have been
Obliged to rely on irrigation
Mr.. Chaves. Yes, sir; we depend
mainly upon irrigation. In the noun
tain ranges in New Mexico we raise
wheat, corn, oats, and beans Of good
quality without irrigation
Mr.. Mccormick. [ desire to make
a single remark. There is a great deal
more timber in Arizona than is gene
rally supposed. I have for the last six
years given much Of my time to ira
Yelling through that country, and [
have been in all parts of it; most
parts Of it repeatedly There is great
deal more timber in the Territory
than is commonly supposed, and a
great deal more agricultural land
The agricultural lands are generally
and as the country is filed
with hostile Indians it is very difficult
to settle them.
Senator Stewart [ should like to
inquire OF Governor Mccormick wheth-
or they have made any experiments