davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07

THE INCOME TAX.--A strong pressure
is brought upon the President by Sena-
tors and Representatives to induce Secre-
tary Boutwell, to desist from his advocacy
of the income tax. Letters are pouring
in upon Congress from all parts of the
country against what they pronounce a
most odious and inquisitorial law. The
President has promised to call the atten-
ton of Secretary Boutwell, to this meas
ure, and intimated his willingness to
abandon it if deemed advisable. Secre-
tary Boutwell,, however, is known to be
favorable to this tax, and will insist on
its extension without reduction. He
maintains that it is the most equitable tax
in our whole tax system, as it bears prin-
cipally ON the weather. classes, and not
upon the industrial interests.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07

TRANSIT OF VENUs.-The English as
tronomers are already making prepare
tions for taking observations of the tran.
sit of Venus acrossTthe suns disc, which
is to take place in December, 1874.
The first notice taken of this most inn
portant and curious phenomenon was by
Kepler, in work published in 1904, in
which he states "that no such thing could
happen in that century; nor the next
till the year 1861" In this however he
was mistaken, for it again occurred, and
was observed in November, 1859.
The one predicted by Kepler took place
June 6, 1861, and observations were taker
at New Foundland by John Winthrop
Professor of Mathematics and Philosophy
in Harvard College. In his published &C
count of his observation he says, 81 tool
with me for assistants two young gentle
men, my pupils, who had made good pro
ficiency in mathematical studies" One Of
these ''young gentlemen" was afterwardl
the Rev. Samuel Williams, LID, the
first editor of the HERALD.
Prof. Winthrop says that the next tran
sit would occur in June, 1869, and ther
not again until December Sth, 1874 "Bu
the whole of that will be invisible here
the middle happening about midnight.
The next after that will not be till tn,
8th of June, 1904.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07

ACCIDENT. - The mother-in-law of
Mr.. M. M. Croker, an aged lady, met
with serious accident in breaking a
limb, by falling down stairs on Friday
last.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07
The Public Debt,

NEARLY SIX MILLIONS. REDUCTION IN
MARCH.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07

THE BRIGHT SIDE.-The March num-
Der of this popular ehildren's paper, just
received, presents an unusual variety OF
contents. There are over twenty different
articles, all original, and some of quite
superior merit. It's success has been very
remarkable, $4,000 circulation being al
ready secured. The publishers say they
intend to make it 100000 by the time it
is one year old, which will be next July.
They offer to send the four numbers for
March, April, May and June, free to all
who subscribe before July LIST. Terms. gu
cents year. Specimen copy Free J. B.
Alden & Go, publishers, Chicago, III.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07

A SAD AccIDENT.-On Friday after
noon last, Freeman Alexander, a respect
ed citizen of Berlin, was run over by thu
train on the Montpelier Branch Railroad
Both legs were cut off, one above and thu
other below the knee. The accident wa
caused by his jumping off the train whel
near his residence, while it was gong a
its usual rate of speed.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07
s2l8,n5,7S2 s2l8,84O,3ls

Debt less amt. in 49, 49, go. $500
treas 2,432 ,562, III S2,43o,32S,4'I
Decrease during March, ,549
Decrease since March l. 1869. $500, 1898
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07

Secretary Boutwells monthly statement
of the national debt, issued to-day, shows
a net reduction of $5,766,342 during
March, as follows:
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1870-04-07
s2,l67, 5O7, 100 81, l67 ,494, IS,

DEBT BEARING NO INTEREST.
On which int has ceased, 1924 1856 $3,973,S4
Demand notes, currency,
and gold certificates, 434 $4,000 4iO, 442 S5S
Unpaid interest, 44770273 39,757 ,94l
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16

teen days incubation, the young appear:
they are, sometimes. so active, OH their
appearance in this mundane sphere as
to run about with the shell still adherirg
to them. They follow the old one until
full grown, she acting as guardian and SEN
tincl while the brood are feeding. They,
unlike most other birds raise but one breed
i'll 4; season.
1t is really a curious plan they have of
arranging themselves in a circle. on going
to sleep, with their heads all on TIE outside
and tails so that each can fly in straight
line, if alarmed, without interfering with
his neighbor.
They are exceedingly troublesome to
raise from the egg, Oh account Of the i'm
possibility of obtaining the insects on
which they feed but the adults are easily
kept, and prove interesting pets.
1t is with sorrow we think of the num-
Der of these bob whites that lost their
lives the past cold winters: but with
good game law. and its rigid enforcement,
it would not be long before we could hear
their gladstone bob white" from every
copSe we passed.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16

velvet braid. This is quite becoming. The
most charming of all shapes is the Nap0li-
t"tn@, a piece of black foundation nine
inches long by six wide, with three Tres,
covered with groS-grain to sti1en it on the
edge, bent to the head a little. and covered
10y small veil eff dotted net, with many
insertions, and border of black guipure.
scarcely wider tlan the frame. held by a
crown of June roses over the face. Il spray
of which falls behind. The gupure edge
in front just falls over the brow-knots of
black ribbon at the side under the brim.
have large Jet pins to fasten the hat on the
mead. Any girl can make one of these for
herself, and this is the newest, most pic
tureSque style.
The Empress bonnet SO long worn, the
DuchcsSe with three puflS, one above the
other, of plain crepe dc chine, and the cot
taGe bonnet of straw for elderly ladies, are
the shapes this season. Straw, white tulle
Donna Maria Suauze the thinnest grena-
dine, and crepe de CLINE are the materials
The trimming is very high, and is lace,
flowers, or a crepe scarf with black velvet.
Wide ribhon-strings, with narrow ruffie of
lace or ribbon on the outer edge, are worn,
pinned under tho ear, instead of the chin.
White bonnetS, with black lace and velvet
knots, are stylish. Pink rosebuds, very
large and full, are the faverte tiewers ::
hext to these are wild flowers, then garden
blossoms, geraniums, lilacs, and duets or
bachelor buttons. Putfed Duchesse hats
of crepe dc chine are most stylish, with no
trimming but the scarf which ties them,
and small fringed bow behnd.-SHIRLEY
DARE, in Hearth and Home.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
Reindeer Bones in the Mississippi Valley.

An interesting communication has lately
been made by Professor Shaler. of Cam
bridge. in confederation of previous state
ments to that effect, of the occurrence of
bones of the reindeer in the Big Bone and
other icks of Kentucky. These were
found at lower level in the lick and in
another deposit than that of the common
deer and the buffalo, which occupy the
most superficial position. Situated as they
are, in close connection with the bones of
the mastodon and fossil elephant of the
same layers, it is extremely probable that.
if net contemporaneous with these animals.
the reindeer came at least Immediately after
them. The occurrence of the bones of this
animal, under such circumstances. may be
considered rs a satisfactory proof of the
existence Of a much more arctic climate in
North America at an earlier period than
prevails at the present time and this sug-
still further substantiated by the occasional
discovery Of bones of the muSk-ox in some
what similar situations. 1t is now believed
that one or more species Of fossil oxen, de-
scribed by naturalists as occurring in the
Mississippi Valley, and supposed TO be en-
tirely extinct, are in reality the ancestors
simply of the musk-ox Of the present day.
only rather different in development, as
might reasonably be looked for. The scat
tered indications of the occurrence Of rein
deer benes in the valley of tke Hudson,
and in New Jersey. will have an additional
value in connection with this announce
ment of Professor Shaler.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
a yellow leaf Or withered twig was allowed

yellow leaf Or withered twig was allowed
to remain, and not day passed but her
heart was gladdened by some new growth
or bloom. She could never be lonely with
such bright companions, and the smallest
child in the household soon learned to love
the sight and smell of these window pets.
Perhaps in one corner of the nook there
was provided some special bower-pot where
the little one could use his own toy trowel,
an imaginary cultivator where never a
sprout appeared. Yet the rest of the gar
deu escaped his attention by reason of that
special digging place.
But the flowers are not all the attraction
here. Upon the walls and tables are many
objects. both curious and beautiful-em
be lishments of various kinds-not enly
paintings and chromos, engravings and
photographs, but very ingenious specimens
of handiwork: autumn leaves arranged in
artistic groups; phantom bouquets and
tern-werk; grasses and MOSES; brackets
and frames of ornamental leather-werk;
homework, wax flowers and exotic leaves
In the corners are hanging-shelves for
books, or single brackets with pretty lam
brcquins, upon which stand vases of flowers
or grasses; and here and there are to be
seen tables and screens of inlaid work,
mosaic, paper-mache, or transfer-all ele-
giant and unique, yet produced by the taste
full ingenuity of the lady who presides here.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
The Castle of ST. Angelo.

Next to st. Peters and the Vatican the
Castle of st. Angelo is the most prominent
feature of modern Rome.
This celebrated fortress was first COM
menced by lIadrian, who built the massive
circular tower Moles Hadriani as a maui
solemn for himself. and certainly is the
finest sepulchral building ever erected in
Rome; it is situated on the right bank Of
the Tibcr. and lies between that river and
the Capitol. at the eastern extremity Of
the suburb II BorSo, or Citta Lconna,
which is terminated on the west by st.
Peters. Not, however. till the Gauls
attacked Rome was it utilized as a fortress.
The surrounding Notifications, which con-
sist of splendid ramparts, bitches, and bas-
tons, were begun by Bonticc lN. and car
ricd ON by the succeeding popes. The
greatest improvements, However were made
by Pope Urban Will, who completed the
foSSe
Although it has now entirely supplanted
the ancient Capitol, and is called the Cita-
del of Rome, the castle, contrary to what
might be inferred from its massive and
formidable appearance, is almost useless
for Il steady and regular defence. Pope
Gregory IN. however, evidently did not
think So as on his return from Avignon.
he fixed his residence in the Vatican on
account of its proximity to St. Angelo
At present this fort is used as State-prison
and House of Correction, though it is bet
ter known to foreigners as the place from
whence those fireworks, for which Rome ut
the Easter festivals is SO renowned are dis
charged.
The bridge facing this psnderous struc-
ture is the handsomest and most celebrated
in Rome, and.theugh now, from its vicinity
to the castle called Poatc st. Angelo, its
ancient name was Pons -Elius. Built also
by IIadrian, it may be counted amongst
the most elegant monuments Of the Etcr-
nal City. Having been allowed, like many
other works of the Empcrors. to fall into
partial decay, it was almost entiely reno
waited in 1858 under the Pentficate of limo
cent HI, who then added the statues which
at present ornament the structure. -StatueS
which are entirely devoid of merit. and
only serve to show how superior the work
of the ancient Romans was to that of their
degenerate successors.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
The Seasons.
BY AN UNDECIDED BARD.

| love the spring. its tender greens
Not cabbages, but colorsp please:
The yernal flowers that clothe its scenes
Are lovely. each in their degrees.
But then, upon the other hand.
Its SoltneSS makes one OVERLOAD,
And-how, one cannot understand
AffiictS one with a cough and cold.
No. summer is the time for me.
When earth its beauty discloses.
When sings the bird and huns the bee,
And all the scene is rich in roses.
Yet, still, it may be urged again.
That fever, by its warmth begot.
Stalks gaunt through hamlet, town and
plain:
And often it's uncommon hot,
SO give me autumn. Calm and cool,
With woodland russell, gold and brown;
When every evening, as rule.
The sun more early settles down.
Still. that it has no drawbacks, too,
dare not, | admit. insist.
While pangs rheumatic WELD the screw
On foot and ankle. arm and wrist.
Therefore shall winter be my choice.
When silent lies the landscape white,
Save for Dan Robins CHEEKY voice.
Who sings from morning until night.
But then in winter chilblains come,
And re with frosts and chills epprest:
The blood Grows cold, the fingers numb
It's hard to say which seasons best,
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
Things Worth Knowing.

Sound travels at the rate of 1142 feet per
second in the air, 1850 in the water, II, 900
in cast iron, 1900 in steel, IS, 600 in glass,
and from 1896 to 1900 in wood.
Mercury freezes at 80 Fahrenheit, and
becomes solid mass, malleable under the
hammer.
The greatest height at which visible
clouds ever exist does not exceed ten miles.
Air is about SIG times lighter than COM
mon water.
The pressure of the atmosphere upon
every square foot of the earth amounts to
61G0 TBS. An ordinary sized man, suppos-
ing his surface to be IA square feet, sus-
tains the enormous pressure of 80, $40 lbs.
Heat rarefies to such an extent that it
can be made to occupy $500 times the space
it did before.
The violence Of the expansion of water
when freezing is sufficient to cleave globe
Of copper of such thickness as to require
force of $4,000 lbs to produce a like effect
During the conversion of ice into water
140 degrees are absorbed.
Water, when converted into steam, in.
creases in bulk IS, 900 times.
One hundred pounds of Dead Sea water
contains 4G lbs. of salt.
The mean annual debth of rain that falls
at the equator is 96 inches.
Assuming the temperature of the interior
of the earth to increase uniformly at the
rate of Il for every As feet, at the depth of
60 miles, the degree would be sufficient to
fuse all known substances.
The explosive force of close confined
gunpowder is six and half tons to the
squore inch
The greatest artificial cold ever produced
is OF Fahrenheit.
Water obstructs one-half of the perpen-
dicular rays of the sun in II feet, and three
faurths in "a feet; and less than one
thousandth part reaches the depth of 200
feet, hence the bottom of deep waters is in
total darkness.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
April.
BY EDGAR FAWCETT.

The tawniest meadows, left sodoen and
chill.
lightly fold with an emerald haze;
| quicken the lapse of the FURNISHED rill,
| deepen the meSSes in woodland ways:
4 rim of green to the bud lend,
\ pulse of life to the branch bestow:
Shadow and sun in the skies blend
Laughter and tears on the earth below.
With glimer of numberless rosy spires,
The beughs of the maple my touch illumes;
l kindle the crocus to aureate fires.
garment the willow in velvet pumes:
| lure, by smile, from their soft -lcaved
nests
Each low growing pansys bashful face,
And crown, as meet them, with dark blue
creSts
The delicate irises' queenly grace.
l lavish my violet's heavenly tinge,
To gladden. the loneness of glades and
dells:
| brewer the almond with pearly fringe.
| flatter the cowslip with scarlet bells:
The broad-petalled primrose richly gid.
And steal formy breezes its perfume rare;
From roofs where my late welded swallows
build
laugh as gay twitterings haunt the air.
There is never a nook through the dreary
land,
But, Weakening, welcomes in some fond
wise
The print of my feetstep, the warmth Of my
hand.
The glow of my tresses, the CLEAN of my
eyes.
In field or in forest. in lane or void,
From level pasture to barren hill.
There is never clod of the frozen mold
But starts at my tread with living thrill.
Each silvery drop of my radiant shower
Descends from the purple of kurrying
With message of JOY to some captive
flower
The glooms of its winter home enshroud;
Each beam of my sun, as it brilliantly parts
The dusk of the drifting storm-wrack:
bears
A message of love to those human hearts
Grown bitter with losses and weary with
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
The Smoking Car.


Each side the car. in rows of flu
MigatinG men they sit,
And into midway placed SpittoonS
tremendously they spit.
There white-kaircd age and airy you'll
And manhood Just come ripe;
And most are putting at cigars,
With here and there pipe.
Above the smokers careless heads
Rise rings of pallid blue,
That circle the conductors hat,
As he comes coughing through.
Smoke and sweet concord ill the car:
His nciGhbor loves each man,
And blows his smoke into his face
As kindly as he can.
They spit not on each others boots:
They borrow flights and matches:
They speak not much, but mediate
Cenyersing hut in snatches.
In such a throng. some vile cigars
And pipes are sure to he:
But not 4 nose turns up to mar
lHlS Ilhe ueHlocldcS.
Here Pat dudeen asserts itself
Beside a real Havana:
Their hrcathS to heaven together 90
III matter like, not manner.
The train moves; the city's reached:
Spittoons receive each stub
Men brush the ashes from their coats,
And step ont on the hub
But ladies, from the adjoining car
Emerging, cough and choke,
For i'll their shrinking faces pours
An avalanche of smoke.
And pout their pretty lips, and say,
"Oh. how disgusting this is!"'
And yet those very lips, no doubt,
Have welcomed smokc-stained kisses.
y picture Of such calm content
visit look near and far.
lou II hardly find. unless you go
lnto smoking car.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16

\ WORD TO PARENTS. Remember that
the time must come in every family when
it is the childrcn's right to begin to think
and act for themselves, and the parents
duty to allow them t. do it; when it is
wiscst gradually to slacken authority, to
sink Il command into Il wish. to grant
large freedom Of opinion, and above all, in
the expression of it. Likewise land this is
most important element in family union)
to give liccnse-nay, actual sympathy-to
wandering affections, friendships, or lives
which for the time being, seem to find the
home circle too narrow and too dull
Mss Nul0ck
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16

John Bright was lately dining with a
eitize n of Manchester who is an enthusiast
tic admirer of the United States. 81
would like" said the host, to come back
fifty years after my death to see what fine
country Americe had become. 81 believe
you would be glad of any excuse to come
back" said Mr.. Bright, with a grim
smile upon his TO.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16

Among the bills for public expenses
recently presented to the Commissioners of
Humboldt California, is one of $50 for
"chickens used in swearing Cinnamon. -
Whenever a Chinaman is sworn as wit
ness in court chicken-cock must be killed
in his presence, and it is suggested that a
State henery be established to aid the Chi
namen in telling the truth.
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16

AT trial in the Court of Kings Bench
between two publishing houses as to an
alleged piracy of an argument of The old
English Gentleman r. Cooke was sub
pHnaed as a witness. On cross-eXamina-
ton by Sir James Scarlet, the counsel,
rather tlippantly said, "Now sir, you say
that the two melodies are the same, but
different. What do you mean, sir?' Tom
promptly answered " said that the notes
i'll the tive copies were alike, but with
different accent Sir James ''What is
musical accent" Cooke My terms arc
a guinea lesson. sir "a loud laugh
Sir James rather ruified: Don't mind
your terms here; ask You what is musical
accent? Can you see it - Cooke: s. No"
Sir James Can you feel it," Cooke ::
\ musician can Great laughter
Sir James very angrilyl: g Now, pray. sir,
don't beat about the bush !; but tell his lord
ship and the jury, who are supposed to
know nothing about it, the meaning of
what you call accent Cooke Accent
in music is stress laid on particular
note, as You would laya stress en any given
word, for the purpose Of being better un-
derstood. If | were to say. Yen are an
ass, 1t rests on ass; but were to say, on
arc an ass, it rests on you, Sir James. -
reiterated shouts OF laughter by the whole
Court, in which the Bench joined, followed
the repartee. Silence being obtained, Lord
Dcnman, the Judge, with much seeming
gravity. accosted the chop fallen counsel
Are you satisfied. Sir James - Sir James
deep red IS he naturally was had become
Scarlet in more than name, and in a great
huff said: The witness may go down"
The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1870-04-16
How the Chinese Economic in Fuel.

In all probability more fuel is wasted in
this country than in any other, and yet fuel
is by no means over abundant or cheap
with us and it may we'll become
serious consideration with housekeepers as
to how the article may be economical
The Chinese have a method, which we
scarcely suppose will ever become generally
adopted by us; but it may afford a hint
They mix quantity Of earth with the coal
dust, in sufficient preparation to make the
mixture adhere together when wet After
thoroughly mixing the dust and earth and
water, they take up sufficient to make
ball two and half or three inches in diam
eter, and press and squeeze it between
their hands making it like ball. This is
then laid carefully down, and another guam
tity is taken and pressed in the same way.
And so on till the whole is pressed into
balls. They are then placed in the sun to
dry; after being thoroughly dry they are
fit for use.
The Chinese, when they have made
discovery, never attempt to improve Oh it
but experience on the part of foreigners
goes to show, that after the coal dust and
earth have been properly mixed with the
proper amount of water, instead of resort
ing to the hands to make the mixture int
balls, it can be spread out on the ground,
say two inches deep, and then cut into
small square pieces, by means of spade
or any other sharp instrument. These
square pieces burn readily. A wooden
meld would answer well. The advantages
of this method are, that it saves the coal
dust, which otherwise would be wasted
and lost, and the balls easily ignite. The
fire does not last as long as a fire made of
pure coal, but often times only quick,
hot fire is required, its use being limited to
a comparatively short time, as in cooking.
"A Boston journal reports that a man,
apparently in the last stage of consumption,
came to the house of a physician not many
miles from Boston, and said that he had
been given up by several physicians, but
had been advised to call on him. The
physician was ill, and dictated prescrip-
ton to be compounded by his son. Suisse
quently it was discovered that too much of
one ingredient had been put in by mistake,
and the physician was fearful that the dose
would prove fatal. All efforts to find the
sick man, however, was unsuccessful, and
the papers were eagerly watched with the
expectation to see his death chronicled.-
Some time afterward the bell was rung,
the patient again appeared and was pro-
fuse in thanks, declaring that he owed his
life to the physician, and no sacrifice he
could possibly make for him would be too
great. lie was not asked to sacrifice any,
thing.