, 1870-06-26
AT TEHERAK,
1ne 81 safyaa- a4a; zur-Saii;nn: Hasee.s
- = 4ed 1hanxuaxeA. = ;4s +,
Ersres. Tor zxe CzsoaS ztsAvas. h. f,ofsxsr r. !

nrei1, r D. =
About SIX or seyen thousand 5ears 2so ths
primitive eeat Of The Ar.an race was where
tho Eagdom OF pcrsia md the Cau>asus sre
now situa$ed; OF, to b morn precise, I NAV
cay, from the CaspdAn Sea to tbs Gulf OF
pe<siA, nd from the Black 6ea to the Hindu
koosb. This part Of the country WIS 30 thick
ly pcopled At that time that eome emigration
VIE necessary. One branch OF the Ar5an FAM
lly were the ancient Pelasgians, or Pelasgtrs,
who 1oescd the Boaphosus aud settled in the
Stcek colonies, Of which our modern Greeks
are the tue descen1xnts- Another branch ot
that family wete the kelts, or Celtb, who went
round tho Black Sea iaso the va1leJs OF tho
Danube, Aol fnon there to the heA<t
Of Europe. Tho present :; Celts of
Wales, md the inhAhtants OF the oaxst
Of Hreiaena in France, 92 al other 0elhc,
r.ase, are tue DESCENDING that branch. A
tk:7d branch Of that grd1e family we're the
Goths, who came to Central Europe sorera,
centuries later than tho Celts. Tbs Goth.
were the moet noble md the most intelNeen.
OF the great A.JAn family. They have
probably bad their primitive eeat on the pro
montories Of the Hndu-Eoosh or the noun
.ains Of Afghanistan, for the present inhsbi-
tanta Of AEhauistan have much similarity to
the swedee, who ere tue descendants Of the
Goths. hxye observed that most people in
Alshanissan, who lire on elevated territory,
have blondo hair, blue eyes, and Urge shoul-
de1s, lin tho Sredes and Norwegians. When
the Goths came to Central Europe, several
centuries before Alexander the Gseat, they
found the Celtic presta sacrificing human
beings In old Engish history wa ind MANY
irss1ncas Of this custom We rcad OF the
Dr1sds, o1 ancient Celtic priests, occupied in
tho hrge forests (where Germany nos
lies) with burning human be,ngs on
their 1tars. The GotAe, who had
more civilization than the Celia, were sur-
{'tired At the taTbxrity Of thnse noxthen1sh
ptiests. The Goths conquered the Celte Ind
introduced some Kind OF civilization. It isA
remarkable fact that the superiority OF the
Gothic raee y here visible; not only they con-
Iuersd the celts. who wcro Of the s3me origin,
tie lahn T7cea- ( foarth. or sister branch
Of the Ayan family, crossed over The Hindu
Kooeh md settled 10 the valleys Of the Indus
and Gangee. The inhabitants OF these valleys
are now called the Hindu races They are
pure descendants Of the great Aryan family.
Sanscut. The sanscr1s langua has conserved
priests speak pure s4nscit to this day. The
similarity Of the Ge1nanle Languages With the
S1ns1it Is 80 great that Was surprised, when
iw,s y T.! lnta to her 5 some sepoys say
old Englsh word "to-wit," or the Low Ger
man word '-wetta," fe probably derived fron
tho Sansc1it 'veda-r The similarity of Ina
Latin With the 6anscnt Is also very fc,na1ka-
bic. The Latin word +pster," is probably de-
fyea nv a from the :i1s s1os1t word "pstsa J. "nas
tseoror," from "ewaRa-" We divide the Indo-
European family Of languages into the follow
ing branches: The Greco-Latin branch. which
comprises the Greek, Latin. Italian, French,
Spanish, Portuguese, and al other Rum1nce
tlialeeta- The Teutonic or Germanie, family
the Scandinavian dialects, high German, low
German, Dutch, Flemish, and Friesian. The
Celtic branch comprises Welsh, Iiah, Armozic,
ctc
Tha slsvonic branch comprises old Slayonic,
Polish, nrssiau, and Bohemian. The Ffn;sh
guage, spoken nesr The PFrenccs, the Hun
garAn language, spoken III Huugary-au these
three languages 1rr not Of the Aryau family.
but belong to the Turanlan stock Since
have mentioned tho Basque inhabitants near
The Pyrenees, wish to present ny readers
O. tho Tutanian family Tho word Turanian
ls III e1pression siguifying opposition to
Aran- The Turauian family had their psim-
itiva scat On the pEunontoles OF the Altai
Mountains in Southern Siberia, and the
chain OF the Altai Mountains may b.
die OF the Tu1amsn family. Tbs
Dasquos have originally emigrAted from tho
Altai Mountains to the Caucasus; but ther
were residing for some time on the cl1.ia Of,
the Elbonrous Mouutaius, for Elbourou a;q,
uitles he IN Has4ae language soov-head-tro1n
asaon Of El-bourou Was undoubtedly given By
the Basque people, at very early, period, to
this chain Of mountains. The trallsulgtation
OF the Basque people from thef Caucasus to
eight centuries before Ale1sthder tho GrpAt,
for the great acholar md Antiquarian. Ampere,
speaks OF the Basque per;nle having lived In
the Apennines, near F1csEcnco snd tho island OF
Corsica, at time altogether prehistoric, ap
preaching to tho time Of Homulus aud nemua
The D.sgns-a havo left somo local norainA.
tons ap.l traces Of their residence in Northern
ItnlisL There has Always been diver,ity oil
op1miou with regard to the origin Of the
basque people and their language; some
Ingoiste pretend that thoy came with tha
PhEuiciAns OF the 1beEaua to Sp,in, and wcnt
from there to the Pyrpnoes othera said they
we're altogether ; Semitic race 1ut, in my
opinion, neither The former nor the htta1
h1to arrived II any logical conclusion Thi
only reasonable and important rornzrks whict
were made on The origin of IL
ctlstrsted Lnguist Kl.ppso.h- He ssid, :. Thor,
wAs 3 TArtar tribe in the Caucasus OF til
name Of " GndanAkatri," who had much siunt
larity to the Basque people" and, in fact,
''Gudenakarr' signifies, in Basque language
..wa.5iors Who arc aghtiug with stones iron
-'A4ri," stoue- On this 1ntimatlon tn ale aon
Investigations On tho origin Of the Tartar lau
EuAKe IN The CAncAsus- I vent to tho chain o
tbs Elborous Mountains In search Of the Gu
dama1as1i tribe After cTTins forsome mouth
botbople. l could not find The Guaamakar1
racs, to which kl,pproih alluded To-, bat fol
in with eane Tartar tribes. who hAd no-e O,
less similarity to rs basque people. Tho
al Say, like the Baeques, "Aita, or Ata,
for f..se8 nd Or for Ant .neS'a, 1S5 "eta eth
I measured also como skulls OF the Eszta
iribe. in the Caucasus, and Afterwards Ifoun
perfect similarity to the Basques- Lat m
add few words .=::h regard to the emigration
Of the basquea from the Caucasus. Tbs,
went round ths Caspian to the Black 6eA, an
were probably Of AtyAn origin. In these col
lislons Bcrer1l battles wesn fought, where th
AIyAn tribes seern to hAye been conquerorl
the Dasquea consequently wera driven into th
valleys Of the Danube, hers they fell in wit
como Tutauisu tribes. who probably were c
thesamo origin with the Bssques, bur whospok
different dialects, The ancient Hupg21s&ns
CT Aagya-s, who had taken possession Of th
rich valleys Of the Danube, would not divid
the;z prosperity with the Basques and pushe
deuee, partly in tho Alps, partly in The App
hines. and paftly in Corsica, they went into Il
valleys Of the Pyreuees- II is remarkable III,
tho Dasques always lived On chains OF mon,
tains, first on the A1txi, then On the Elbo,
!ous, and NOV on The Ps1enees. These peop
huV al had Ar.StH f,rY :1I,a+
independence, anti itherefore they have chose
ranges OF mountains for their protection. "
reHa in tho Spanish ADD French history thl
often Spain and France tried to subjugate u
Basques to obedience. but could never su
coed. TLe D.squcs. Ike the SHiss, h4ye gre,
Love for their mountains, sud are inspired vii
titertJ and patriotism. Often have tho Basqu.
defended their free local institutions again
Spanish encroachmcat, and ercn to this d.
they have their own laws and enjoy lbertit
which neither thesz neighbors, the spani.rt
uor the French, possess.
Rlumenlach, the teacher OF Alexander yu
Humboldt, divides the human races into e.
great famiGes-tlo A1yxn. or 1ndo-Europoa1
the Turanian, the Semitic, the African, Al
American. But there has been made so tnul
PROGRESS in comparative philoaogy since H
meubach's IS assertion, that we now hardly c.
compress the various races and languages IN
five principal families Comparative philolol
iaA new seieuce its existence can only
dzted ~ far back u eighty or ninoty Teal
from the foundation Of the AsiAtic Society
Calcutta, in 1854. The discovery OF the 81
.ei. lsn5Hag By European scholars had ye
cu,ioaH o.ign. When the English soldie
wcse in company with the Sepoys in India,
the eighteenth century, they were surprised
Il II some Hindu words SO closely resenbh
EsEliAl- The incident called the attention
u q more caiiyAted English officers, md th
t'cgan 70 study, Eupezfcially, the Indian d
lrcls, which resemble, more or less. the s,
sciit AZ Hoou Il il W4R known IL Iarsa,>a Il