The New York herald., 1870-08-30
IN IT Ally.

Electrified by the War Clush--Naiting News
Of the Great Decisive Batl,c-rhe Map OF
Europe the Point Of Chanse-Party Divi-
sions, Danger nnd Uocertatnty-t Germany
''COmmences 1T the Ad;ae''-Esismarclk's
Hopes-NatiOnai Unity-Erunce the Pioneer
Of Democracy.
MILAN, August IA, 1870
We are on the eve OF great European battle
That battle, 1t Is believed will change the destinies
and map OF Europe.
The declaration Of war by France against Prussia
Fell like thunderb0t from a smiling sky. Italy,
lulled In peace which promised to be both long
Md profound, addressed herself to honest, heart
work, and, above all, to economy. The army was
reduced 10 the smallest peace footing, eighteen
millions subtracted from the war fund and all the
energies OF the country turned to commercial and
Industrial interests.
THE HOME SITUATION.
Glapcing at Italy's position the map of Europe
ana recalling Tor moment her history for the past
half century, you Will see that the present moment
Ii one OF extreme uncertainty and trial.
She finds her population divided into three
parties-frst, the Court and arlstocracy I'm
this instance distinguished but helpless party
who are bound by marriage ties to the Napoleon
dynasty (the Princess Clotide, wife Of Prince
Napoleon, Is of the House OF Savoy, daughter OF
Victor Emanuel, anu by royal gratitude to the
cause Of France; second, the conservatives, and
these are IN the majority, who desire q neutrality
armed to meet every contingency; and third, the
radicals who clamorously demand that Italy de-
mOnstrate her pacific intentions by utter inertia
and helplessness. To these last, some of whom may
be honest in their motives, may be added the re-
manning dregs OF class to be found IN every coun-
try-a class that invites foreign domination and
enjoys slavery; people who Still lament the Aus
a 8 81 ri fs y
which in the present condition of Italy means
anarchy, and manifests itself III revolutionary
IKE that or the 24th OF July, 1870, at Milan riots
Which would be amusing II they were not deplora-
Bile. With the sublime Inconsistency OF parties they
desire an alliance with Prussia, absoutlsm. anu
hom II nope the foundation OF q democracy a re-
pubic arm IN arm with u despotsm president
hObnobbing with king who processes to mold his
crown by right divine Lauza joining hands with
Bismarck VINO declares himself minister mot of the
people but OF King William, his mastern thIs own
w0rds) Imagine the anachronlsm
Strikes midnight this keeps striking SIX at dawn.
The hope VI the country Is undoubtedly in the
nrmness Of the conservatives, true Italians these,
who, weighing the debt OF '59 to Napoleon do not
forget the debt OF 06 to Prussia recalling the numI.
iati0n OF Rome do not fall TO remember also the in
suits OF Prussia after CastOga The situation is CON-
plicated still further by The attitude OF Austria, who
according to the late bulletins, has Withdrawn her
Rarrisons from the Silesian frontier, thus allowing
Prussia to transport 80, 900 the theatre
OF war; according the same dispatches she masses
her forces IN the Iyro, which, ON former occasion,
the fall OF Napoleon L. was her point OF rrup-
tion into Italy. Even should these dispatches prove
lase the failure OF the mission OF La Tour dAuvergne
TO not alliance at least neutrality in
every event, and the continuous and rapid work to
complete the fortress of Trent are sufficient to
awaken the gravest alarm.
WHAT PRUSSIA MAY GAIN.
On the other hand great victory OF the Prussian
arms, IL is believed would be followed by the trans
fer Of Alsatia and Lorraine to Germany; the resora-
tion OF the iegimists, the Oreanists ut Paris; the
Bonrb0ns at Naples and. in the event OF Italy being
unable TO defend it, the loss her of the Adratic
IL Is a favorite remark OF Count Bismarck that
Germany commences from the Adige,o and that
astute statesman, while contracting for the great
Alpine railroad, through the st. Gothard Pass mas,
no doubt cast more than one covetous glance on
Irieste and the Oriental ports which give L. value.
NEUTRALITY
,r LOU WIZ zee the reasons which influence Italy,
whe keeping strict neutrality, to rapidly arm her
forces. Her navy, q part OF which saw anchored
III the port OF Genoa few weeks since one the
finest IN Europe. The entire fleet is built on the
English and American model and is very efrectiye
There Is preponderance or iron-clads The Meet
isalready ready Tor action, and 1t Is hoped in fort
night 4OO, 600 men will be under arms
NATIONAL UNITY.
The conservatives begin to hint that this IA The
favorable moment TO complete Italian unity by