The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-07-21


early. Hamburg is on the Elbe, and any check on
sentiment and to the interest OF Germany, for every
German is identified in feeling with the prosperity
situated on the Weser, at considerable distance
from the sea, and although not exposed 10 the same
danger OF military occupation as as hamourg, IAN when when
the iron grasp of the terrible Davoust, would
probably suffer as severely in her commercial in-
The principal German ports in the Baltic are Me
mel, Pillau, Konigsberg, Dantzic, Colberg, Swine
munde Stettin, Wogast, Stralsund, Kiel, aud Fens-
burg. on the North Sea Prussia has Altoona, Har-
burg, Geestemunde Leer, and Emden, in addition TO
the leading commercial seapOrts
The Baltic Ports.
OF the Baltic ports we have already described
Kie Dantzic, and Stralsund. -.-.,
Memel is defended by citadel consisting OF four
bsstons, with randnes and haf-moons, and is
divided into three quarters-the Old New, and FIRE.
derrick towns, with three suburbs. Its trade is very
hemp, potash, linseed and colonial produce These
are exported principally to the United States and
EDglsnd Ship-building is carried on at this port,
which owns LOG vessels having total tonnage OF
47l64 tons. Ships to the number OF 25oO (of $4,000
tons) annually enter and leave the port, and nune
rous steam packets maintain communication with
many of the other Baltic ports. The harbor is large
and SAFE and has depth OF water OF from IA to II
feet 1t is provided with extensive docks and has
good lighthouse.
Pilau is a small seaport at the entrance of the
Frische Half, twenty-five miles west from Konigs-
berg. 1t derives thriving trade on account of ves-
sells of large burden unloading there, the inlet to
Vessels Of light draft usually proceed to Konigsberg
The number of vessels arriving annually is about 700
of about 100 600 tons OF these, about onethird
British.
Konigsberg is on the Prege, FIVE miles from its
mouth in the Frische Hah 1t Is in railroad commu-
nication with Berlin, from which it is distant 33S
miles, This fortified city consists of the town proper
and four suburbs. The former is divided into three
parts the Altstadt or Old Town, situated on the
west Lohenicht on the east, and Knephof. situated
an island formed by the Pregel, which, before
terlng the town from the east divides into two arms
a hrl1ppa hptwppn the island
opposite banks.
the trade OF the port principally the export of
grain, and in its shipbuding yards considerable
number of small vessels are annually constructed
Much attention has been given to the fort1dcatons.
The general principle kept in view, according to the
Prussian engineers is that the fortress may be
posed Of detached parts, each having its separate
penden detached WorRs Thus the Sasons
detached from the curtains; redoubts are in like
manner detached the scarp is detached on all parts
excepting the faces and parts of the TANKS OF the
bastions On some of the fronts the ditch is filed
with water from scarp to counterscarp, when there
is masonry casemated caponiere in the centre of
the curtain Qnstead of the fat earthern bastion),
Ranking the faces of the bastons with five guns.
Colperg is strongly fortified seaport in Pomera-
nia twenty-five miles west OF Coslin on the Per-
sante near its mouth, in the Baltic. 1t sustained
siege in 1906 The population numbers f about 100000
The Oder is not unlikely 20 be the scene OF naval
operations and to be selected for, if possible, eec
tive blockade. Swnemunde, near the mouth of this
river, is the port where large vessels bound for
Stettin, thirty-six miles inland, unload The en-
teries, one on the right and the other on the left
bank. The latter consists Of circular brick re-
doubt Of so feet diameter in the centre of penta-
The lower story Of the redoubt is arranged with
loopholes for musketry, above which are two tiers
of 20 guns each, under bOmbproOf classmates, above
which is barbette battery Of the same number OF
guns. The fort on the right bank is much larger
brick casemated battery Of three faces, bearing
the channel, having two casemated tiers and an
open embrasure battery over the easements, with
brick parapets the only one seen exposed to ships
battery. This fort mounts 63 guns. 1t is In bend
the lower front until quite near it.
Should war vessels OF light draft pass these ports,
and escape the torpedos. which will no doubt be
used, they would be confronted at the important
city Of Stettin by its formidable forthcations. II
has been a fortified city for long period, and un
French from 1906 to fsIs. About two thousand ship:
enter and sail from the Oder annually. The popua-
a, cUn U Ssesn ~ anu ted iss Pr
with Berlin from which 1t is 70 miles distant, OF
somewhat less than the proximity of New York tt
Wolgast is in Pomerania, near the mouth OF the
Peene, in the Baltic. 1t is about 33 miles from Stra
sund, and has population of about 5000 persons.
Flensburg has also been recently acquired from
Denmark by the war OF 1864. 1t is an ancient town
and was the scene of hostile operations in 1s4s
with the West Indies, and does moderate shipping
business.
The Ports ON the North Sea.
Hamburg, to the precarious situation Of which, a.
well as OF Bremen, we have alluded above has since
1866 been in the North German Confederation and
now regarded subject to all the fortunes OF war
The State embraces territory OF 146 square miles
with population of 305, ,507 Inhabitants. The city
which Is situated on the right bank OF the Rhine,
miles from its mouth is not fortified In 1865 ther
belonged to the port OF Hamburg 500 vessels, having
total tonnage of 241, 900 tons. The mercantile nav
OF Hamburg is more than eight times that of Bel
gium. Her trade with Great Britain alone amounte,
TO s140 900 In 1868. The emigration to this coan
try from Hamburg is very large. In 1867 there EN-
barked 49, 2l4 emigrants In SO vessels, at that port
| Through 1t and Bremen almost all our trade witt
| Germany is transacted.
Bremen, so well known as the chief port OF tn
| German American mail steamship traffic, is situate
| on both banks OF the Weser, so miles southwest 0
! Hamburg. In 1867, 16 steamships, making 1892
tuns, and 2s7 sailing vessels, making 23l I'D tuns
belonged TO this port. In 1861 3971 emigrants EN-
| barked at Bremerhaven for the United States.
Lubeck, on the Trave, 10 miles from its mouth
was stormed by the French in 1906 and subsequent
annexed to France. The State comprises terri
tory OF 1877 square miles, with population OF a. SO:
Lubeck possessed at the commencement OF 1S6S
sea-goDg vessels, among them l3 steamers.
Altoona, situate on the right bank OF the Elbe,
little below Hamburg, was acquired by Prussia froI
Denmark in the war of 1864. 1t has extensive raj
road communication, and has made rapid progres
in shipping and commerce. About 5000 ships Wis
the port annually. II was occupied without resis
ance in 1864.
Harburg is on the south bank of the Elbe, and
AZ miles below Harburg. 1t is surrounded by wal
and has citadel