Bedford inquirer. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1857-1884, 1870-02-04

shops 10 which gold workers, jewellers, and
1 gold heaters work, not only is the very dust
pn the floor precious but a refiner will gladly
/ give new waistcoat or apron for an old one.
for the sake of the auriferous particles
thereby obtained.
Mr Simmonds' new batch comprises many
instances of substances recently transferred
from the domain of waste to that of utility,
and many suggestions foE a similar trans
ference in other quarters.
First, for the animal kingdom. Horse
flesh Is certainly not waste so long as dogs
and eats eagerly feed upon it; but the French
say that We ought not to leave it to the dogs
end cats, BY reason the excellent qualities
1t possesses for human food; however, we
must leave this matter to the hippophaeic
admirers Of 'eheYalne Fish are applied
to many more useful purposes than was
customary a few years ago; shark fins are
priced as food by the Chinese; shark liver
Is boiled down by them for oil shatk skin is
dried and used for polishing wood and ivory.
dried shark heads are given By the Nor
weglsns to cattle as food, smoked and dried
dogfsh Is eaten as food, as are also the eggs
while the skin and the liver are applied TO
the same purposes as those of the shark.
The French procure useful medicinal oil
from the liver of the skate fish, which used
tc be thrown away, but which is now found
tc be nearly as eficacious as cod-liver oil.
A French firm, Messrs Souffrie, make large
quantities Of useful tallow or fat out of the
pckings and waste Of slaughter houses. the
dead cats and dogs found floating in the
Sine, and the used-up grease Of railway
wneels; when doctored BY means of steam
and hydraulic pressure, this fat becomes
available for stearine manufacturers. Lcath-
er scraps are made into "shoddy leather"
By grinding and macerating them into pulp
available for the inner soles Of shoes and
such-hke purposes There is another leath.
cry composition much used IN America un-
der the name of pancake. Thin bits Of
leather, the odds and ends cut of By the tan
ner and cu-rier from whole hides, are inter
laid with paste until they accumulate to an
inch IN thickness, and then heavily squeezed
between two iron rollers; the mass comes out
as an oblong pancake twelve inches BY four.
and half an inch thick, looking very much
like cross between a sheet of gingerbread
aud cake Of tobacco; it is used for inner
soles, heels, and stifeners. The albumenized
paper used by photographers is subject to
much waste in its manufacture; this waste.
instead of being consigned to the pulp vat
is now converted into beautiful marbled
paper, by a peculiar application of aniline
colors to the albumen.
Next as to the vegetable kingdom. We
are told thatthe using Up Of what was form
erly considered waste, in the textile manu-
tactures, now reaches the enormous guam
tity of hundred thousand tuns annually in
the three forms Of cotton; fax, and hemp
waste, If we include animal fibers. such as
shoddy wool and silk waste, the aggregates
becomes largely increased. The French
make frewood or Ere lighters of the cones
Of pine trees and the waste cobs of maize,
saturated with any cheap resinous substaD-
ces. Messrs. Souffrie ALREADY named buv
all the waste and pickings Of vegetables
from the twenty-five hospitals of Paris.
cook them By steam, aud feed piqgery of
seven hundred head fswine-the vegetables
being enriched with the greasy slops from
the same hospitals. The same firm also pro-
duce beautiful white fat from the black
residue left after purifying COLA or rape oil: !
and another residue from the treatment Of
this residue gives them a useful varnish for
cheap out door purposes. The oil retained
in olive oilcake is now extracted by chemical
means, and converted into capital stearine:
and by this improvement it is expected that
seven milIioa pounds of olive OIL now an.
nually wasted at Marseilles, will be utilized.
Old account books, letters, invoices, en-
velopes, checks, insurance policies, and
other kinds Of critiRg paper mot printing,
are now bought at about eI2 per tun, and
worked up with other materials into pulp
for the penny newspapers: Besides linen
and cotton rags, cotton waste, old writing
paper, straw, and esparto OF Spanish grass.
wood is also now much used for making into
paper Large factories for this purpose
have been established in Italy, Wurtemberg,
the United States, and other countries. the
wood is rubbed down into dust by friction
against rapidly revolving roughened wheels,
and then treated by chemical processes until
it forms pulp suitable for paper-making.
There is one wood-pulp paper mill in
Pennsylvania that can work up thirty thou
sand pounda of sawdust per day. Nearly
all the German newspapers now have a per
centage of wood in the paper on which they
are printed The New York Tribune is said
to be printed on paper made of bamboo; and
other American journals are printed on
paper made chiefly of kind of wild cane
that Is found in vast abundance on the
shores Of the Mississippi A German
chemist has found mode of distilling spirit
out of residue left after chemically treating
wood pulp Tor paper. 4 French manuiac-
tuFer converts sawdust, by intense pressure,
into beautiful little boxes, and other orna-
mental articles. The seed in the cotton
pods our tufts, which used to be an annoy
ance to the cultivators, is now most usefn! :
employed as a gas fuel; as source of el
for lamps, as a chief substitute for olige oil,
as oil cake for cattle food, and Il source Of
good hard grease or stearine for soap and
candles. The refuse molasses from beet root
sugar, formerly used only as pig food, is
now distilled to obtain alcohol, aud the
residue crystalized to obtain potassium salts
Spent dye woods, after the eoloring matter
has been extracted from them, are sold in
France to large manufacturer, who mixes
them with tar refuse, and forms them into
compressed cakes for fuel, which has a very
I Il ri