The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1870-04-07
ANDERSON G: H. S. c. THURSDAY MORNING,

there were only 100000 slaves in the United
States-and the wear 1860, the increase was up
ward of four millions and it is grave question,
| by the way, what sort of q country we should
have had in fifty years more at the same rate OF
negro growth. 20 =.
1t is another grave question whether, II
Providence intended emancipation to take place
at any time, it did not occur auspiciouslyL In
| 1863 Butto resume The condition of the
freedman is now reversed With no master, he
has no sense of responsibility. The moreigno-
rant among the field hands are content to live
in squalor and wretchedness, their children die
from lack of proper food and care, and there is
unquestionably diminution in their numbers
from natural causes, which in their present sit
uation, cannot be controlled. This is especial"
ly the case among the negroes on the coast ;
but the remark does not apply to- the intelii"
gent colored man everywhere. 1t is a remark
able fact that the slave increased twenty-three'
and half per cent, and the colored free peo"
pie only one per cent; during the ten years pre-
ceding the war. If l remember rightly, the
City Register of, Boston. reported that during
the five years preceding 1859 The number of
colo d births was one less than the uumber OF
marriages, and the deaths exceeded the births
in proportion of nearly two to one. In Rhode
Island and Connecticut according to the regis"
tries kept, the yearly deaths of blacks and mu-
lattoes have generally exceeded the yearly
births. There is no method of reaching SINH"
lar results in the South, except through the
reports of the health officers of the different
cities, but these show startling amount OF
mortality in the race, and invite o question as
to its ultimate condition. Ny own impression.
is, that in q quarter of a century from the
present time, all the colder regions of the
South, from Virginia to Georgia, will be main
ly populated by sturdy white emigrants, before
whose, competing toll the negro will be obliged
| to give way, and that he will seek the lowlands
as his final abiding place: These are but
speculations, yet the fate of the red man IS to
very considerable degree typical of the law Of
State in which he has been compelled to, work
for his subsistence side by side with the white.
The South, however, requires all her laboring
population, and as people we deplore any ex-
igency which threatens to deprive us of so es-
sential an aid to our prosperity. Hence it is
that our liberal7minded men, foreseeing these
results, are prepared by wise and humane regu-
lations for their enlightenment and moral and
! social improvement to make the colored people
valuable in our agricultural developments, and
| thus retain them as an element OF practical
strength and usefulness. ,.s.r;f. ssfr.,as
IMMIGRATIoN-ITs IMPORTANCE TO THE
sas;i9. s,a.4T .t SOUTH. i- ~
| @. The views you have expressed lead nat
urallv to the inquiry whether the people of the
South fully appreciate the importance of amin
| fusion of more energetic help, of white immi-
grafton from Europe and the North, and what
| Inducements are offered to citizens of other
portions of the world to settle in your midst !?
A. The inquiry opens q broad field and COM
| prehends much. In general terms, answer
| that, viewing the question of Sourhern resusci-
tation in all its bearings, emigration isan abso-
lutte Southern necessity Our losses during the
war amounted to the enorn1 ous sum of seven
billions of dollars. We have left to us, how
ever, an immense area of land, a productive
soil, and genial climate Our resources are
incalculable but We need population and capi-
tai to develope them. We are not satisfied with
onr present labor. 1t is insufficient and to
some extent untrustworthy. To illustrate
The population of South Carolina is in round
numbers seven hundred thousand, nearly equal
ly divided between white and black. This
would give lis but twenty three persons to the
square mile, vet the territory of the State un-
der thrifty cultivation, may be made to sustain
four millions of persons with ease To obtain
this population we must tap the reservoirs OF
the world, and to all who come we will extend
cordial welcome immigration will induce
competition, and in competition is our safety.
There is no other coercion that can be applied
to idle men. They must either work or starve.
Doubtless we have to encounter much oppOsi-
ton from the West in our endeavor to divert
the tide of emigration, but we have more to
offer in the shape of reward than any Western
State. Our products are nearer the great mar
kets of the world, our soil is far more fertile,
and the emigrant will come to State already
settled and possessing che advantages of age if
not of progress The same causes which have
developed Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa may
be applied with equal if not greater success in
South Carolina. We only require multitude
of farmers to raise the produce for which we
have heretofore paid the North and West, and
| in my Judgment the owners of large tracts OF
pose of their surplus possessions rather than
attempt the cultivation of crops on the gigan-
tic scale which belonged to our former system
of labor Experiment has demonstrated, both
here and abroad, the value of small farms and
diversified industry. We have about 100000
acres of land under cultivation, only one-fourth
of the area of the State. This would throw
into market 45,50O farms of 100 acres each.
To illustrate by comparison, New jersey and
South Carolina are very nearly equal in popu-
lation. The value of the products of the first
named State in 1860 was $50, SOC, 900; Of South
Carolina during the same year only s45, $780, ,0OO
True, the capital of one is largely devoted to
manufacturing purposes E; the capital of the
other is employed chiefly in agriculture; but
you will readily see that if all the facilities at
our command our vast water power and manu-
featuring resources, were developed to the same
extent as in New Jersey, we would realize a
truly golden dream of prosperity. Even under
present circumstances, we shall be better off
pecuniarily, in five years, with anything like
favorable crops; and will have more actual
cash at our command than ever before. In
two years we will begin to invest our surplus
capital in manufactures but at present our
people are afraid to invest in anything. They
have money, large amount of it, but it has