The Portland daily press., 1870-07-20
Terms $500 per annuns, in adrance.

| 'iSh Wdo DdCh anu concentrating
| Ligny. Ney, after having left a strong de-
| ,aehment at Quatre- Bras, was to move with
,I uai a nus forces on the rear of the Prussians,
% .ne nring OF his guns in The rear to be the sig
40" 40, iol al, tne attack to commence in front. All
| 10y uiu Napoieon wait for the anxiousy ex-
s;o,'et p;etH slsnai. But about three o'clock the
6r;n'. 20 os''ue W rom an unexpected point. The
tna S ,,S III heaVy guns at Quatre-Bras was only
and o i,'unDe, ~ I !! Delng only four miles distant,
with Ney and had engaged him in a desner-
a,e nsht Napoleon at once ordered n oener.
al attack, making feint on his left. but con-
cehtratlng all his strength opposite Inc Pms
sian centre at Ligny. No sooner had Rln.
gIier directed relnforcements 10 resist Napo-
| ieon.s feigned left attack than the main b,dv
vi rrehch, oo,OO9 strong, crossed the stream
i isnu eoihlnehceu 20 furious assault ON the vii
lase of Ligny. Three times was the VILLAGE
taken by the French and three times was II
fetaken by the Prussians at the point of the
bayonet, and after three hours fighting. with
evening coming on, nothing was decided. tIl
about seven O'Clock part Of News force made
Its appearance on the Prussan right. Their
appearances gave increased confidence to their
comrades and Napoleon prepared for decis-
i've attack. Milhaud's Curassiers charged at
gallop; in the rear the Old Guard moved
swiftly forward supported by D'Eolon's In
siers, and the Prussians, unable to withstand
tne dreadful fire OF the artillery and the
cnarSe OF the Cuirassiers, began to give way,
anu were soon struggling with their artillery
In the narrow country lanes in retreat, Blu
cher made one spleRdd effort, in which his
horse was shot under, but only succeeding in
arresting the hot pursuit of the Cuirassiers.
Wellington after the battle of Quatre- Bss re-
tired on the Forest of Loignies, taking up a
position on either side in front of the village
of Waterloo. Thither Napoleon followed him
to pay dearly for the hard earned victory he
had gained over the Prussians two days be-
fore.
THE ITALIAN WAR OF 1859.
The war Of 1859 originated IN demand on
the part OF Austria for the disarmament OF
Sardinia. The Emperor Napoleon espoused
the cause of the Italians and declared in favor
OF the freedom of Italy from the Alps to the
Adriatic. The usual efforts at peace-making
were made by the great powers, especially by
Great Britain. which is the pedar Of peace to
other nations. These, however, were thwart-
ed by Austria and war declared. The French
troops were at once dispatched to Italy to op-
pose Austria's pretensions, and soon after
their arrival in that country the Emperor
himself took command. General Forey. who
was In command OF the first division Of the
hrst corp Garmee, fought the battle of Monte
cello on the goth of May, gaining the first sue
cess over Austria. The battle of Magenta.
which was fought ON the 4th of June follow,
ing, was fought by Gen. Mcmahon, in COM
mand OF the second corps, his success being
SO great that he was created Marshal Of
France and Duke of Magenta. The final bat
tile OF the war, that of Solferino, was fought
on the 24th of June, the Emperor of Austria
oelnS opposed in persor-to the Emperor of
the French and the King of Sardinia That
famous battle, fought IN the 1.-THE elbows of
the Mlpcio' needs no description, its history
being too well preserved "by the sympathies
OF youth" 1t resulted in giving Victor EN-
manuel the kingdom of Italy, and secures for
the French Empire to-day the sympathy of
that monarch in struggle which may change
the map of Europe.
THE WAR OF 1866.
Ere the close of 1865, events began to point
toward crisis in Germany. Austria, under
the leadership OF Won Beust, believed herself
the protector OF Germany and exercised her
power to preserve intact the Central German
States. Prussia offered to the German people
Europe, under her leadership, or remaining
a weak federation of impuissant territories,
under the rule OF Vienna. Austria had arm
ed with, perhaps, the view of terrifying Prus-
Sla by her preparations, and the reluctant
arming at Berlin was looked upon at Vienna
as the result of cowardice. Prussia did not
wish for war, but at last King William deter
mined to place himself in a position to free
his kingdom from even the shadow of the
Austrian policy. Bismarck determined that
Prussia should no longer be the second pow
er in Germany. He used to say that as Aus
tria was "one," so, also, Prussia was "onep
and that with safety Austria could no longer
be allowed a hegemony over Germany. Aus
tIia had labored to secure the assent of the
Federal Diet to whatever foreign policy she
should adopt, and the Central States, fattered
at being directly engaged in questions of Eu-
ropean policy. eagerly followed her lead. The
central States by this means enjoyed a degree
of equality with Prussia. They feIt an es-
peclal delight in causing Prussia to recognize
the power of the Federation, and the securer
they felt of the majority, the more ready were
they in following the lead OF Austria, to hum
BILE the power OF Prussia. The opinions of
Prussia were stgmatized as non-German,
while Austria was praised at tho exclusive
ofGermany and German inter-
ests. The Prussian press urged that Austria
would have no hesitation IN DESTROYING the
federation 10 carry through her own policy.
Already she had invited the governments Of
the Central Stats to enter into a warlike al
lance with he', and place their troops under
Austrian command, indirect contrayention of
the articles OF federation. On the 7th of Nav.
1866, an .,ttempt was made on the life of Bis
marck--happily frustrated-and on the 18th
of Jyne the Prussian columns under Won
MolHe were in motion for the south, with
wl'St result the world knows. Austria was
bimbled, and Prussia assumed her present
POSITION, it may be said, as the guardian of
Germany