The New York herald., 1870-11-07
OUR CRUISERS ON TIE FISHING BAYS,

OUR CRUISERS ON THE FISHING As'.hS,
Mr.. Eou,welis Exposition Of the snndian
I.nyvs-Troublcs of Onr Fishermen .--How tho
Elneuoses Look Upon the Mr. .t,er-0aieiai
Inequalities to American Rc Irres.n,n,iyes-
General Bugicr's Chance.
The ship Guard six guns. Commander u. p Iul.
which arrived on THURSDAY last from the Fishing
Banks. was towcd 10 tn'J Navy Yard on Saturday TO
relt io7 the coming ~ .rien surveying expedition. 1t
Is nat probable that the ship VIII go out OF commits
sion until after ths completion OF the surveys carly
next spring. Tao Guard needs considerable repairs,
and ought 10 be thoroughly overhauled before she IS
again sen. to sea. The eAigences OF the service
Will probably prevent al this, and the ship must
nang together until another season.
TIE rec ent cruise OF the Guard has been quite in
terestng. The special object OF her mission to the
Fishing Banks was TO inform American fishermen
of Their rgats and responsibilities under the laws OF
the United states and OF the Dominion CT Canala,
and 10 sec that the armed police cruisers OF Canada
and OF Great BrItainald not oppress and worry our
hardy fishermen While they were rlghtiully pursuing
their peaceful vocation near Canadian waters. The
Guard was one of small squadron or three vessels
the others being the Trolic and the Nipsc, de-
sDatoled by our government on this delicate mis-.
sion.
The Guard sailed from New York Au,n : u, and
proceeded TO CharotteSown Prince Edward Island,
whcre she safely arrived after somewhat pro onged
passage OF fourteen days. There she found q num-
Der OF American 1shermcn, and sent d boat o each
70 deiyer to the captains OF tAe craft copies OF
circular, ISSUED nom The United States Treasury
Department by Mr. Secretary Boutwell, relating 70
Canadian inshore fisheries, to the following eHec:
The chcular, first lecltlng the TACT thar the au-
thoritles Of the Donin on OF Canada have termi-
mated the system of granting nshing licenses TO for
eJn We sells, under which they had heretofore been
permitted to hshwithln the maritime jurisdiction OF
the nominion--that Is TO say, within three marine
miles of the shores thereof and that oil fishermen
or tho United States prohibited from the OF
such inshore 1shenes except far as stipulated In
the lrst article OF the treaty OF October 90 1913. be-
tween the United States and Great Britain virtue
Of which the fishermen of the United states have in
common with British subjects. the liberty 10 take
| fsh in a carefully defined distr CT the limits OF
which is not here Necessary to detail The tire aty
| also gives the United ates fishermen the right to
/ dry aud ish in any OF the unsettled bays har.
bors and creeks on the southern part ofAe coast Of
the same or any poruon thereof be settled, in
which case 1t IS not laNfu Tor the said
II nermen 10 dry or cure flsh at such portion set
| tied without previous agreement Tor such purpose
with the lnhabtants proprietors or possessors Ot
the ground; and the lsnermen also permitted to
cner any OF the bays or narors for the purpose or
shelter ana Of lel airing damages therein, Oi pur-
| chasing wood aud o. ootalning water and for no
other purpose whatever. subject to sucn ions
as may be necessary to prevent their taking, drying,
or curing FISH therein or In any other manner wha-
4 ever abusing the privileges es.rvel To them as
| above expressed The Secretary cautions fishermen
OF the United states mat they bound respect
the British laws and regulations for the regulation
anu preservation OF fisheries TO the same extent
to wnicn they are applicable to British or canadian
I fishermen.
/ The Canadian law IS tnen quoted by which non.
commissioned cihcels OF her Majesty navg, fishing
onccr or stipendary magistrate on board OF vessels
Il haP u mr. a m S.l ha I'm
or in the service OF rne government Of
Canada. and employed In the service OF protect
snerlf magistrate other person duly conmls-
stoned, may go ON board any snip, vessel or boat
within any narbor IN Canada lowering I'm Erit sh
| waters) within three marine miles of any o. the
coasts. bays creeks or harbors OF Canada and stay
on board so long as sac may remain within such
place aud distance: anl the law gives THESE 0l1cers
Il right to bring these vessels INFO pOr to search
their cargoes anu TO examine tie master on oath
touching the cargo aud voyage. Tue penalty for
falsc answering IS $40j. Anotncr section OF the law
declares the vessel, tackle, rgging, apparel, iufn
tuc stores aud cargo thereof Iore ted n il caught
fsnlng IN the restricted territory without license
Any OF the officers above ncntione1 may make the
seizure. ANY person opposing any officer mentioned
i above IN the execution of MS duty under the act
shall forfeit $3.50 gnd shah he guilty Of q misde-
lneanur. punishable bY two Years Imprisonment.
IL wlll be observed mat the warning formerly
giNen - nor reqnircd under she amended acs, but
that vessels tresassng are liable TO seizure without
sucl wa nlhr.
on tie sth OF January 1870, The Governor General
or the dominion O canada, In Council, ordered that
! suitable SAILING vessels be chartered and equipped
Tor the OF protecting the Canadian liSiiOrc
ns1eries against Illegal Entertainments by foreign
ers, these vessels 10 he connected with the DO Ice
force OF Canada anu to form lIajne branch Cf the
same. change IN the boundaries between Can ada
ana Labrador now alluded to, but the Secretary
IL does not Interfere with the rights or
American fishermen. defined by the treaty Of
1918. IL being municipal change OF boundary only.
Five Canadian gun1oats have been seen by oil
cruisers, well as large number or Eng .Isl mem
0l-War tDe ground. Inc Canadian force Is not
formidable one, except as against ularned nS1sr-
men, They seized several American schoOners and
quite number o. Kanuck fishermen Ior violation OF
Ine law. General Butler Ii IS taken up arms IN be-
has raised ms voice in iayor OF the hanucks VINO
Just now dong III immense deal o. very salty
swearing what they term the ''cursed outrag 81
committed by the DomlI.ion authorities. Tle law
works badly for the Binen0ses as 1t does fer
| fishermen, ,hey are compelled now, Ii Lhey slip
tner "catchesn TO the best market, Which Is the
United states 10 pay duiy IN gold and thus compete
with the ankee SKI pper5 whose cargDes are entered
Tree. They mol allowed 70 transfer their cargoes
10 American craft ana IL rs partially to prevent this
/ evasion Of the law that so ioany English cruisers
are about protecting Tue Customs. Naturally all the
I fishermen are for annexatI0u and a very powerful
ana growing parry exists III Nova scotia and PIlncc
/ EDWARD Is and laeo,aDle 10 thai scheme.
| The Guard visited Cape Breton, Pctou and smaller
lOtS ana ilSling grounds Oh the southern part OF
Ghc Guf o. ii. Lawrence, distributing circulars, and
Keeping general lookout over the drift OF AFFAIRS
| Ihe American fishermen rather oltter In the
expression or their dissatisfaction with hostile
| laws OF the DOMINION blt were shrewd enough not
| to openy DEFY he regulations. When they got
! chance 10 OBTAIN a nnc catch within the dreaded
three miles OF shore, without being detected,
they allowed 1t to slip by without profit. Some
came TO Erlef in consequence but then there was
always question to the exact position OF the yes-
sci when captured, winch s to be settled 1t Is not