The New York herald., 1870-10-15
ing its clinax- -tnlrty-tvo degrees r. below zero
OIL the 2ISt or February.


second sleigh carrying stores On the new ice tho
aa i aSy S GS ss Ss 81 the ss A tho
smaller one, and having proc cceded with the other.
the weather growing very cold IN the meantime,
ana the difonities Of the road increasing, we also
decided to return TO the ship. where we arrived on
carrled great Ssss dea TOO much dead Weight along
Moreover, this return was quite fortunate, violent
storms ragn. Tor sevcrai days slerward IN success
March "a we made a new start, the temperature
still very low, twenty. seven degrees below zero,
heavy snow storms compelling US to lay in our tent,
which the fine snow penetrated, rs 1t did also our
furs and clothes Amid great hardships we reached
supplied us With meat and fuel. HaysacE Is NOT an
island, aS supposed but s connected with the main
land.
rNpEpnrNrs AND FATIGUrs.
In latitude 10 deg. 2. min., we encountered loose
snow, which materially interrupted our progress;
geographical miles per day, leaving the mainland to
our lett. The great bay open to the south on tho
coast q Greenland: on the east protected by long
had to turn eastward again to get out OF this bay.
and when we had done so. and reached smaller
one we found II necessary to make this the end OF
our explorations northward. The fatlgues OF the
last days, the INTENSE cold and quick consumption
OF our stores lett no other alternative norther
blowing for three days compelled US 10 reduce our
fare 10 half rations. We climbed several mountains
In order to obtain fair view Of the coast; und April
towards the north. mounting hill 1900 feet high In
n De-. min north Latitude ana about l8 dcR. 90
min. west longitude. Again nothing but an un-
broken leld OF Ice Limited only by the horizon, tho
surface extremely rough except some land leo
seemingly OF old date, the whole making the I'M
preston OF eternal bulwarKs. Just after Lieutenant
Paver Rad completed his measurements We saw .
terrible storm approaching, and hurried back In
order to seek shelter IN our tent; April lS wo COM
desirable. as still another expedition mad been
planned for the spring. The men were fully on tho
violent we propelled the sle!ghs under SAIL keeping
up behind them. April ~, thoroughly fatgued and
some Of US completely, worn out, we arrived on
board. May s, an expedition started to explore the
Cape Arden. In the meantime several
SMALLER EXPEDITIONS
had been made by the astronomers for scientific
purposes. Considerable preparations had been
going on on board the ship, taking down the cover
tDgs, &c. This work was impeded by rough weather.
hood 81 tue Vessel but little frightened BY the snoss
from our rl1es. The last sleighing expedition Of III
was melting 90 fast that they had to wade through
through the water towards the close OF the month
and at tue begtnning Of June the ravines were SO
full and rapid that crossing was dangerous. Tho
measurements, however having been satisfactorily
completed, the sleigh and everything else was LETT
behind In rs deg. north latitude. aud by making tao
greatest haste they reached the vessel ayan May 90
Both In geographical and geological results this ex.
petition was very valuable; ine thawing now took
southward the 10 nd ice commenced to break on the
edges. and July 10, imbedded In our shoal OF three
feet thickness, we drtcd southeasGward out OF the
On the following day the saws were applied we
steamed 70 the open water, Lut returned, as we ye
intended boat trip to the Esqulrnaux huts on
Caveringe Island before sailing n0rthward.
The boat expedition starring July Il, found the
ce sae az 81 y was e at s fes
Bay, Dus could nevertheless penetrate as far az
Cape Nary thence we had to foot ne other four miles
though abandoned and in dlapidated condition.
ON THE MOVE AGAIN.
July Is, returned on board The German'a was
now mlly ready, and on the 22d proceeded on hel
journey northward. We anchored ut Cape Phillip
Broke as 1t was necessary to form an opinion con.
cerning the slate OF tho ice north OF us. A channel
was seen along the land Ice which seemed to stretch
nortiward to considerable distance. 1t was al
this time when an
UNFORTUNATE CIRCUMSTANCE
was discovered, which, aas had material innu-
ence upon our journey, forcing us to q premature
our boiler, which became serious that our efforts
to repair 1t were futile Having followed the afore.
said channel 10 70 deg. 20 min. north latitude, but
encount erlng again heavy masses or Ice, we waited
several days, during which We could perceive no
motion OF the same. New ice then began to form
again, and the unanimous opinion wa5 In favor OF
turning southwark, III the hope OF making some dis
coyeries in that direction. August we reached
Cape Broer Ruys, where we tired to explore the
Mackenzie Entrance. Such an entrance does moi
exist; tnaro Is hut a low valley ana the Island Of
Bonnet us laid down on the map connects with tht
lowland, i've OF which we Killed In O short time
Discovering from mountain south and west or Ben
net Island many swimming fceburgs we rounded
the Island on the following Gay, but found the ice
quite firm at Cape franklin. Our snpposltion
was confirmed by observations from q mountain
1900 feet high. Wc got forty pounds sicam which
tnroaa aI the drift proceced westWara SetrseH w
these ieebergs. The farther We advanced tho
warmer became the temperature and the water.
try, the beautiful interior Of Greenland, with It's
glaciers and cascades, and mountain chains rising
tcrracclIl;e in the distance. We might have con.
IN nur AZ VIC fnr
this inlet branchcd OF without visible eDd-had
not the stea1 given out forcing us TO cast anchor
under glacier not less than 1000 feet high.
We now commenced q thorough exploration of
the country. From glacier 1000 feet high the Ill ct
was found to extend beyond vision. Mountains III
the Interior supposed lie about 81 deg west lOny-
tude, were ascertained to be not less that ID o
feet high, and drafts and measurements were taken
BY Dr.. Copeland Lieutenant Payer and Mr.. Ellingcr.
GOING HOME.
The condition of our boiler and the advanced sea.
son warned US to think OF our return, for we were
seventy miles from the outer coast and running an
imminent risk OF remaining second winter In this
latitude. where calms prevailed throughout the
our boiler at Cape Ruys and steamed for sixteen &c.
grees through dense logs and between the ice ieds
it then became necessary to force our way through
some solid pack ice. Under this effort our boiler
gave way completely. We now had to resort to our
Sails and, after severe storm amid the Ice, we
reached the open sea August "A, lii 70 deg north
latitutc and Ia deg west longitude. In the follow
ing days we succeeded in making some deep sea
sonndings OF l,30o lathoms We also measured
very Interesting. though limited OH account OF
continued rough weather.
Near jleigoand, September IL, called for pilot by
sending up rockets; could not explain why our siy-
mails were replied 10 by other vessels 10 our utmost
SURPRISE saw no buoys al the entrance or the Weser
espled war vessels without peing bic to determine
the colors Which they carried until forced to lay to
by a shot. This canlo from our own man. n-of-war;
officers came aboard, and we now heard the glad
t!dlngs o! Inc recent great events. pilot aud
steantug brought Us to Bremerhayen, which we left
453 days ago.
In conclusion 1t Is proper to mention that quick
and easy mannnyTing, and the ability 20 advance
rapidly before the opening the ice could close up
were all que 70 The stnailness OF vessel, which
by lying close lii shore was far better protected from
the heavy Ice than any larger vessel could have
neen its Toward part was 80 strong that steam
Injured by the hardest knocks. It's sharp bow did
not suffer from pressure which 1t evaded by rising
in the water All our experience on this cruise has
satisfied US mat at least this coast 1t is not al.
ylsable TO employ any larger vessels. This lst trip
oil the Gerlnahia has ut the same tinie shown that