Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871, 1870-05-03
House, Farm and Garden.
I. d, r.. COLLINS. Editor.
Small Fruits. ---No. 2.
,spBERRIEs AND BLACKBERRLI

rs Small Fruits. mo. 2.
RAspBERRIEs AND BLACKBERRIEs.
There are three species of the raspberry
in cultivation, the European, or common
garden raspberry, the American black rasp-
berry, and the American red raspberry.
Each of these species has produced many
varieties, some of the usual color of the
species, (red or black, and others white or
yellow, besides great variations in size, fla
vor, productiveuess, hardness and habit of
growth.
As a rule, the European species is too !
tender to be relied on for fruit in New Eng |
land, and especially in Northern Vermont,
without winter protection. This species |
however embraces all the best and largest |
sorts, and although we may hope to see
a constant and rapid improvement in our
native kinds, those who desire the best
fruit will continue to plant the European.
The actual trouble of protecting the plants
is very slight. All they require in the fall
is to be bent carefully down, and to be
covered with few inches of soil, litter, or
evergreen bougls. After hard frosts are
over in the spring the covering should be
removed, and tie stems tied up to a stake
or trelis.
In planting TIE raspberry, one year old
L l. 1 ! IL 81 IL
that sprung upas suckers the year previ-
Gus, or, with tie Black-caps, the tips that
rooted last season. As the canes never
bear but orce, ami then die, they should
be removed after truiting. FDm four to
eight stems may be allowed to grow to
plant, the plants being set five or six feet
apart. After allowing the proper number
of stems to grow the rest that appear, land
in some yarietie the suckers are innumer-
able, should beiestroyed persistently with
the hoe Good, common garden soil is suf-
ficient for raspbGries. They usually grow
larger and prodlce better on clay. Most
writers recommend that the growth Of the
canes should be checked during the sum
mer by nipping.h ends, in order to make
them throw out branches This Is well
with the hardy Orts that need not be COW
cred in the fall as it gives q larger crop,
but with the offers prefer As few branch
es as possible. 1t is almost impossible to
| bend down ant cover a short bTanchy
plant.
OF the foreign stock, though both OF
them are seedlings raised in this country
the varieties thai I have found best suited
to this section ale the Grke, a most vigor-
Gus grower, productive, high favored, large
red, and so neatly hardy that it IS only
in very severe winters that it really need.
protection; and Brjnckh's orange, deli
cious high havoed variety. Of a rich orang,
color, productive and long in fruit, but re
quiring protection every winter. kHsgetf
Giqqt, and Ffoac0aia. both red, and tn
former the largest known variety, are ais
excellent sorts The American Blacks, 0
BLACK caps." are familiar to all in thei
wild state, but hey have been greatly i'm
proved within tie last few year, and ar
becoming very popular on account OF thei
!, high and peculiar flavor. their entire hard
mess. and the fact that they throw up n
suckers. but inc,ease by the roofing OF tn
, tips of the bralches The new sorts {
black-caps are leariy double the size {
, the wild variety, and much more juic!
The Dooiitle Mgaooh Cluster, and pr
SONS Th0rulrss are the three best kim
and succeed each other SO a. to very niue
prolong the season where some Of each al
planted As they do not require prote
ton, it is best, where no new plants a
wanted, to nip the ends two or three tim,
during the growing season. This max
them stand up better, so a TO need no SUI
port, and also gives better crop Tn,
do not give d full yield until the THU
year, although fair crop may be gather,
the second.
The American Reds have also been mu,
. improved by selection and cultivation, al
now number some very fine sorts amor
. them. They are perfectly hardy. II
y, best OF these is unquestionabIy the H,
lqud which in flavor is almost, if not quit
equal to the foreign. 1t Is very early al
= productive, and is only fault ) that
. suckers too freely, requiring frequent be
ing in order to keep the plantation fro
-. becoming perfect thicket. The PtHld
- ghia is a valuable sort. not quite so go
4 aS the Kirkland but immensely produ,
- i've and throwing up but few suckers.
=, OF Blackberrics it Is necessary to :
/, but little. Not even the wild variety
> hardy in Northern Vermont, fruiting q
.o oftener, in most places, thar once in thu
or four years Therefore if we cuitivs
= this fruit, and it is truly worth cutivatir
20 we must make up our minds to protect
y, every winter. To do this the plant ma
- be set at least five feet apart, and in the f
-, the soil must be dug away from one 81
7 close to the plant and trench made
: which the stems can be laid down and W
; covered with litter, soil or boughs. 7
i. stems of the blackberry are much m,
"A brittle than those Of the raspberry, viii
49, makes it necessary thus to undermine
- plant on one side that we may bend /
~ roots rather than the stems in laying
~, down. Allow not more than four or +
od stems to grow from each plant, keeping
ia suckers down vigorously with the hoe
I'll they spring~lp.
HjisOn's Early is line, very large, &
productive sort, ripe before raspberries
gone. Kdtitinny is another superb 81
:. considerably later than the Wilson W
- the above treatment | find not the lie
- difficulty, and very little trouble in grC
,a+ ing full crop every year, the bushes be
81 actually loaded down with berries, thi
~ of which will fill quart.
- Next week | will try TO say someth
:. about those neglected, but invaluable fra
:, the Currant and Gooseberry.
T. H. HosKIN-
Newport, May ,, 1870.
ut
is Hoeing Made Easy.
Mn EDTTnp I oorroo .i4E -o,,., ~