, 1870-02-21


NEW RO0KS.
HISTORY OF AMERICAN sOMALIsMs. nr
Joisx ltrMrNRKT NorEs. pauRde.pnta: J. i,
Lippit cott i Co. 1s7n
The yo:ume befcre us Is q very cou pletc historic
record OF The various attempts 10 establish soetal
issns In thia county, WIKI thesr reapec 1ve 91c.
cesees and dizaateFs. It Ia rathtf Historical than
A7Rumentasise, and seeks rather 70 s1ata chEono.
logical facts. leaving them to speak FOE tham+
eeires, than 10 gata Rtoatlstes to sha ar thA: So
ctaf!stfc form which has sprung from Owen or
Fourier. In reality, Nj. NoIcs Is honest Ia his
Labor. for the Oneida Comnnnity over which be
pfes'des hAl long refused to admit Acy ne toem.
neyl into 1ta communion. His work, therefore, Il
entitled TO respect, ahd 10 candid pcruaai. Itls
chiefly a collection Of faetA, without anY dog
1uatsu or cant in their Interpretation 2nd gener-
tllzation. MI Noyes, In his connection with the
OEe.dt Conm1nity, has htd ample advantages
for obke1vtug and 4tndfirG she va1.oas soci2listc
movements, aut has presented his facts Ii = very
clear and Systematic manner. In this respect 1t
Till proye a valuahe work 10. the historical s.u.
den, snd All entertaining occ tor the general
reafef. HI. n, aaIs, In Ills preface, that the OBJ
ect Of the work Ia to help tho study OF socialism
BY the 1ndrcslye method. We doubt whether tas
study Of such Euccess.o1 OF d!sassers, either By
tho tnducttre or Any other method, viii possess
fAxcinatious enough to lure any one into Social
.stic bonds, however pleasant they may be,
Eererttcleaa The record Is al l1te1eating aud
profitable one The La5faure Of the manner 10
Witch Mr. Soses obtained the underlying nate
rial upon which Re nas bui1t mp hla work is almost
roEa1uc, About t1entT years ago, whea =
branch OF the Oneida Community waa IN exit
ence In DiookI5n, n. T., q sombre-looking
pilgrim, by 1alIorallsJ Scotch, and origin
ally printer by occupation, and w1shsl
an ardent disciple Of OEeu, cAilei
there and slated his buatnees to be the collecting
Il NE uoirs Of tocialitttc experiments He fol
lowed up this bre:nt IS for several yearz, gathered
huge mass Of material. wrote h!a preface, and
tnen died IN New ToEk ni cho;e1a, Ten 5ears
lister ME. SoJes turreo h.s ssleutlon 10 the &1lue
topic and bethough. h.n.elt Of the Seo.chman
ard his treasures. lie Welt 10 Neg York, com-
menced Figuring II The printing Offices, and soon
found AcqualItances OF the old printer, who d.
II cted him to the II ttdetce Of his bI0thelln-1aw,
where he foard all the Uateraf intact sithoaEh
IN The Ioosest stats Of disorder. Tbs collection
waa In no condition for pabllcation but It Afforded
gown the handEoEe yotnne Of rea:l@ 100 pages
LOW before M, upon which tho su,hut has de-
toted napy years OF careful iahor.
From tho RESEARCHES Of the Scotch pttnter> Nj.
Sojea has obtalred an trdex Of seyenty- -e!Ent
communities. Thro. Ing aide the antique re-
lg1cus asEoctatlont, auch AZ the bankers, Noray1-
anP, Zonr1tes, etc., seven in number; the foreign
aslocAtionf, Euch Al the Icarans, ana tho Brazil
tsn aud verezoesau e1pe1lmen;t, six IN number
ard Two or three Splntualiat!c attempts which
grew out Of the Fopr.et excitement ths writer
glonpa the other AaItnctattons around the Over
| ard Fourier moyeUe1tg-eleven around tha for
Ner ard thifty 10nr around the latter all OF which
| are dead, The average term ot existence helpt
! t1ttle over year. Thete Assoclatlpns numbered
g. at meEbers, controlling Gracd totai Of II. 81
4ctcs Of land, or stoot 1000 acres to each aaso
c,auou. Nr. Noyes attributes the disastrous r.
sn:ts Of these various experiments to this toua
/ css {or land. upon the grounds that farming i
the 1argea, road to fortune; that II INTRODUCED
d,sputel and discotds tn:o the associations; ami
that II led them away IRON the centres OF husl
LEE into the HliGclnesa. Tbs writer quietly dis
pescs Of the fact tha: all Of them died Ia debt.
Ii tractng the nar.attEea OF these ASSOCIATIONS
Mr. S1tes comm sncts with the Q wen noseuen
OF 1924, AID rtlates In Ter7 interesting de1ai III
origin, aroxtn, aud decay oi such prominent asso
GATORS a. that Ct New Harmony, established b
the 1nl1enn,M George Rapp; the Yellow Spring
Community, which Owen himself established
Na.hons, which Witnessed the experiment q
| F1alces Wight in Tennessee to educate an
elevate the negro TO d leree with the whites, an
thus prepare him gradually for freedom; an
| 6even smaller ard obacuref communities Wnlc
died aud left 70 stgn. As connecting LII
between Owen and Fonrter, ne have the reeoE
OF Jcsiah WalrenB expe1iEente, who went cIes
over to ILdtTldnsl Sovereignty inter she week
Communism, ard es,sblaaed the famous El!lag
OF alodeEu Times, on Long Island, which IN tur
led to the Free Love or pf. Thomas L. Schol
the papsarcny OF stephen Pearl Andrews, and II
roslttrtem o: Henry Edger, one Of the apostle
commissioned BY Comic himself 10 propagate II
ta!tr.
This bslrgs us to the Fourier movement II
nrst outg,oHta Of which mas Brook Farm. II
child OF American Cni,a.tanlsm, suggested oy .
| Charming, and nunaerng among tta sojourne
and sJupathizef4 such notable names ~ Georl
/ lip!eS, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hal
| 1hpIre, Dr., John C. WAIrep, Morton OF plynout
Theodore Parker, George William Curtis, E1Iz
t beth +. Peabody 1na Margaret Foiles. Then 4
IoTed IN rapid succession Hopedaie, which sprA7
| from CttrersBllfuo, al Brook Farm spsang fr0
Cnitartanitp, and vas more clearly rell
Gus experiment than any Of the others; the "a
ous religious social associations founded hg Detz
! Ann Let, George Rapp, Blmeler. sno~bcrg
. Metz AID Ettck Janaop, who started the sxed
cotory q: bishop Hill, III: the fosttnRa5tAns
Northampton, Mass. the aEhneatelea Comnu
! y, which vfss the ousgrowth Of the Msaaaehnss
i AuttSayery movement Of 1913; the various Fo
n ,e,ite PhaIa1 xes, of which Greeley. 0A1a, R.pl
!. Goodwin and Brlsoaue were the foctal AcaItet
y ending With the North Auoe1c:
d Brock Farm, which, commencing as
/ Aper.ean C1itaIian experiment, formally v
!. over 70 Fouriersn BY organizing itself t
10 ptslan1, WITH the UarbinNF
lts organ. With the Destruction OF
IN Luld!Lae b4 1tf, and tho sulI more gall
If die which the peWspaper press kept up. Br
= Farm vent out Of ez!stecce, ard Tl:h 1t F
Ilerism.
III | rAa+ of int n 4
10 voted 10 = ra.1atvo Of those two vital l
n etrope COMMUNITIES, the SnAke1s and the O1el
NJ o, er tie last Of which Nj. HoIes htnsef
t.dtR. lie Claims that Il il the nuty RELIGIOUS C
nurlry OF Auer.caE oE,sic. and that "as On
ttan,zm rlpened into Trsuseerdentva1sn at T
ly ;op, and T:anacendenla'tsm proanced 81
ia Fssn,, 80 Orthodoxy stpeued tnto Perfection
II, at Sew uascp, md Pertcctonl1n prpds
. the Ocelda Community" the Com
lie p,sy re.lly .s,a.ng trou a cou,anc
Of between Ihc ReysvAliau Of Orthodoxy aud
a. Socialism Of Uri.artAn.1u- With The re.lz
=. ;nco1!ct, the toclal system A. developed in !
=. !. peculiar mntiona Of u1s1raRs aud free love,
TN the mAicr!Al results OF tho Oneida comrnu1
ks the public u familiar. In Summing up hta =
in Nj. SoJex saSA:
HTee best out,ook tor Socialism is In the d
we t!uu of the local churches. Theae are scait
of | eve15where, AID under powerful ati' atu. Il
easily be eon,S1seo dni9 41 4nt ads e
on pzsstos. teE:en, ETgSoas
70 sass ae IN cd ine waIa e ,eass s
ao' 10 The new world Of conuon iase
dg We believe that cnarea sna! tseseao;s Of
-. l uiE G ttttsal cUu!1 Hohnla.e ING daily meet
1uo cr1tic.fm, and als the te!i-den&as OF Commun
ork faf nore easily tbaa auy gathering oy Ktl
tn procIsuat:on for The toe paFpose Of 1oaaa1
cy, I'll Tue sizrches canro. be pu. into this .
j, VIC do Eot see aoT soc:slt+1o ~ iatse s:N
1s ua, ~ bs Be- iofmsd here ana taers by q
itlsc.iou AID special good iottune: nn: 40
"a s9ss!5 sds 10 saes s @ a. III
: organizations, v. do 60: p:ete1d TO faEe4ee,
lor- hepe to TIA, churches Of al denomtnatoos
LIE Sn,rll, and heetn 10 grow ard change, and,
eut II. h ptoces u Is uatoral as the transform
op- Q, ,us sas r1,.s. IT.. ,rnst for tae futurr
sely yer, ,.usy hops. The moun,4,o will not CO.
ant Mznonet, II Mr. No5ea waits rnu! the car
tbo church comes oser /, h.1 community and
A.. ;ts .tc.ors RS. en- Of morals and Its abom'i
>ao iud,scr,muate practice Of free love, he VIII
ahty hare to possess his sool in patience I'M
last daY OF n1s communtstic life. and die q
the I vision Of The Pronsed Lsnd. TAs special I
j.. ~ /! 60 ard sophist1tes with which he e1deAF
cover up the practices Of that cccuEunit
non hardly bear any serious insesttsa:ion. N
has ve11 eotdttloo which he makes ia the para
and We nASe quoted IL t1et sckror1edEn1eu.
:, rn.luge a. least, q! hts form Of comm munssr.
" 00 hest thtrg. there ore - tho mountain vi
orm come to Nahomes, ia for Manoues
One to ,oe Eountnn. There Is = coIn
has 'n thA cbr1ef, snlch heal'n,ef 10 sosaa e.,
ing, sa @ 80 rn,ee e NJ S,,ss ,sys 20 much nYe
ty Of ada 10 the dracui-les Of h,s poe,t1ou III
own ne1e:.cal reputation oo.s1de Of nis little G:
york p4cc nardt1l Is EsEtng Eore rapid stride
.ba ever a1sJ from Soclans lc doc:1'uef, IN 1ec
@"o radical totions Ab b1nt lEdvld1ai S5ve1eacrtT
'sng, uun4m IN religion na. b:en v1ta, success
I al. ,be da1s OF the Apostles. Mf. Soyes OWE