The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1870-10-31
vlour. as wen as mastering the divine truths ne
cALvrNlsrrc PROGRESSION.

CALvfNISTIC DEPRESSION.
Ana here perhaps q DEPRESSION may DC properly
introduced IN regard to the astonishing majority OF
Cavinistic churches upon the avenue AT least two-
thrds, perhaps three fourths, OF all the avenue
| churches hold with more or less earnestness the
doctrines that nave been preached In various coul-
and by Calvin. Is there any phlosophlc reason for
| this curious preponderance of tho Professionalism
avenue, but existing In most other sections OF the
| country Buckle thought there was and formed
general cation, which has been generally condemned
| as hastily framed upon an imperfect basis OF IN
complete facts He laid !. down as principle ,,; 2,
as certainly prevail under any aemoc. fsiic
FORM Of rs viii Was Tss hd ar%naa asS
the opinion most grateful to the pride o. rich men
charlies the wealth aud good native Of deyotees Of
fortune prompted them TO make. Thus IN the race
for heaven the poor man was Weighted down by the
other hand BY insisting only on the necessity OF
iaith-a luxury within s6e grasp OF rich aud poor
democratic sDlrit. II this be true 1t is curious to
ind that tho pressure OF popular opinion in this
| For II ATminianism be the natural creed OF the
Weainy we should Of least expect TO mud the reil-
It, The reverse, however, Is the truth.
THE CHURCH. or THE DEAF MUTEs.
,sosonS iurtner up the avenue for some MALI dozen
| standing modestly lot or aside from the great
thor ughfare Of fashion, This church IS one OF the
ty that can be found the wide world over 1t is spe-
clay dedicated TO the spiritual instruction Of deaf
mysterious malice OF nature. 1t is true tua the prin.
cipal services those In the morning and evening,
n s IS oy Seca ana not nas s 5esn
found necessary, IN order TO obtain sufficient
to connect it with settled congregation OF mortas,
who being blessed with the usual organs OF speech
ana l bearing. are aoe to WIN thor own bread and
ness OF the PASTOR Mr.. Gallaudet, have acted like
magnet In attracting AN attendance Of wealthy wor-
shippers and thus the pecuniary needs, both OF the
church and The mission, have been provided for The
itself is not very petcnttous brick structure
with q toeraby handsome brown stone front. TWAS
built IN 1852, and can accommodate about eighteen
hundred people Inside the church Il extremely
simple In IT'S appointments but the absence OF GAL
leries gives II certain air OF nobeness AMI dignity
that cannot fail strike the visitor. There five
services each sabbath two OF which are devoted TO
the delivery OF the Gospel message, by manual signs
TO the dear mutes In the week there are also sew
eral services The theology OF this church, might
be expected snot OF q very rgidiy defined type 1t
has no perceptibe leaning In any direction, ana
simply con Itself 10 the general truths Of Chris
bratei his silver wedding, ana received numerous
complimentary gifts from members OF his congrega-
tlon-from deaf mutes by the way. well as from
the less unfortunate objects Of his ministry.
SHEARITH ISRAEL
church, mage. pale. sandstone building Of an In.
dennabc color strikes the eye. 1t Is situated Just
little OF The avenue on Nineteenth street. At frst
after the beautiful Gothic structures one has just
been looking at 1t must be confessed that this new
candidate for attention seems rather ugly But II Is
substantial and costly structure and was built by
the Oldest religious community OF Jews III New York.
Its name is the Shearth Israel In architecture 1t Is
OF the classic type, and appears TO consist OF couple
OF stories, supported by Greek pillars, with richly
carved capitals. The doors are extremely massive
and are beautifully carved. inside, the synagogue
IS well but not magnillcently furnished. In judalc
tneology this congregation would probably be
no to IL S Isey s ~ Gs 70 mSt
such as the separation OF the two sexes in public
worship and the exclusion OF women from the
tfnn npln nf HIM
oldest Isracie families OF New York. Judge Car
dozo is one or Its members ana so was the late
to old Dutch times, and was founded by few Por-
tuguese families who sought IN New Amsterdam
to hold the faith of Abraham without fear
ofpersecution Its present chief rabbi Is the Rev.
age. He is little below the medium stature with
figure bowed BY study or care or age, and with
marked HebreW features His health Is now falling
brew scholar and religious teacher and the in.
tegrity OF his life ana the industry with which he
attends TO the duties OF his profession have won him
high place in the esteem Of the Israeiite conmu-
nifty.
On the east side OF the avenue opposite the syna-
gogae, we come to another Presbyterian church.
brown stone supported by massive huttresses
and snrmounted with handsome steeplc:
It's interior appointments extremely elegant and
luxurious. Here indeed, If anywhere, may be seen
The .wel cushioned pew,
Where salvation is preached for a dollar two,'
IL
CATION Is one of the most arstocratc to be found
on the avenue In tue general features OF It's
s the Re efs G es sn
be called by u proiane outsider perhaps. dull and
lieless; but certain beauty with which the simple
dignity Of the worship eLdows it Is not wanting
IN the service; Toe. pastor. the Rev. pr.
d a o5 ssnds a @ liz nd religious as world
ne Is tall seayy ma man. VIII s tna
somewhat roughly shapen, are inbued with pleas
ing air OF rugged Kindness and are not lacking in
intellectual expression. In his preaching the doc
tor mpresses one rather by the carnestness OF his
Christian zeal and the outspOKen vigor OF his test1
mony to the truth than by the graces OF rhetoric
beauty OF Illustration. Doubtless he would have
made q splendid Covenanter and, though Torture or
Providence has given him the easy part to play OF
ss ws ps ssp ayee oc he gaas
with equal cheerulness have testified"
for the kirk, while Claverhouses troopers
STOOD by with thumbscrews and iron b0ots--per-
haps even with deatll-aden carbines II Is almost
needless 10 say that in theology The Doctor and his
little more SO tnan they need be, even under the
stringent declarations OF their Church.
Two blocks higher up on the opposite side of the
way. there is the handsome brown stone home Of
probably the Oldest church organization In the coun
try-the
SOUTH REFORMED CHURCH
It s OF the Gothic type OF architecture crowned by
handsome steeple, and takes NO the whole front or
the block lis history Is extremely interesting.
landed on Manhattan Island than they erected with.
In the fort the first church that bore this name. No
uOuptlt Wto pliiGttife SlrucluTt-a RUE tenn
pie of rough logs. After sixty years, when the In
dams, thanks to the simple and summary process Of
extermination, had become little less troublesome,
new church was erected In Garden street, or as 1t
Is now called Exchange place. Upon This site, dur
ing period OF century and half, successfully
stood Two different edilces, the last OF which was
burned down In the disastrous lire OF 1885. lii the
meantime two other churches. connected with
this one and sharing 3ts revenues, had been
formed, one being what Is now used as the
Post ONCE, and the other that antlquated but still
substantial little church standing the corner OF
Fulton and William streets. Early in the century,
however, the South Dutch church by an equitable
arrangement Withdrew from Its connection with
these churches. After the fire in 1885 1t built end
occupied for short lime an edioe in Murray street;
but the stream OF population still tending upward,
IL finally bought the site upon which the present
handsome temple has been erected. The lots upon
which this now stands cost only $780, 0O and
$4oo. 900 have been ouered For them-a significant
symptom Of the vast increase In the value OF city
real estate. The present PASTOR The Rev. Mr. Rogers
Is n man Of considerable reputation as scholar,