davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-05-02

And in accordance with law, and an order Of
the Board OF Trustees. made on the
shares of each parcel Of said stock a. may be
necessary, will DO sold at public auction at the
office OF the Company, Room No. IS. Merchants
Exchange Building, California stree, san Fran;
cisco, California, on the TWENTf:NiNTH
Cs9th) DAY OF APRIL, 1870, at the hour OF
quent assessment thereon, together with costs
Of advertising and expenses Of the sale.
EDWARD F. STONE, Secretary.
onice-Room No. -, Merchants Exchange
BuildinC. California street, San Francireo, Cal
ifornia.
n. B. Advertising charges - each certin-
cate. apetd
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-05-02

oficial list OF Registered Voters OF the Sec.
ond Ward OF Gold Hill, entitled to vote at the
municipal election to DO held May I'd, 1870:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-05-02
REGISTERED VOTERS.
-aRaIaTRRRp voTRRs.

onicial list of Registered Voters Of the First
ward OF Gold Hill, entitled to vote at the mu.
r,c,n,l election to be held May ID, 1870:
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1870-05-02
POSTOFFICE
STATIONERY,
BOOK,
PICTURE, an
NEWSPAPER ESTABLISHMENT
The Only Complete Newspaper rs.
tnbiirhmcnt In tho state.

Orders from the Interior solicited and promptl
filed. Price Lists and Catalogues
sent Free on application.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
Fight with q Snake.

We learn that our friend,
Key. 9. Workman, Presiding
Elder 2! of the United Brethren
Church, who resides near Mas
tersville, Harrison county, had
quite ap, encounter with d
blacksnakc on Thursday last,
June 80. He was engaged in
making Il tour of his district,
and while going to Bowers
town, having occasion to pass
through a strip Of woods along
a small stream, and being on
foot, a snake attacked him, ma.
king at the same time a Kissing
sound. He instantly stepped
back and struck att with his
cane but missed it, when it
sprang upon him, and wrapped
itself firmly around his body.
Having no knife with him he
caught the snake around the
neck with his right hand, when
it Immediately transferred its
body to his right arm and
wrapped itself with such power
that he felt himself losing
strength in his hand. At this
stage of the proceedings he
stepped to a sapling that
stood near, and placing its head
against the sapling, with his
cane i'll his left hand h succeed
ed in crushing the snakes head,
when it loosened its hold and
fell to the ground. 1t was d
bright black snake, about five
feet in ngtb.-ETuscarawas
Advocate.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

WE observe that the editors of tho Jackson
Stdnderd and Jackson Hdraid arc making q
desperate attempt to "lSill oflr' DR.. l. r. Mona
ham, who has been ro5idcnt Of that place
since 1862. We are acquainted with all the par
ties and the circumstances connected with the
matter, and believe no satisfactory explanation
can bb given Of the ungentlemanly course
which is being persued, unless the DR.. is guilty
of having more brains than those two who are
stabbing him in the dark. SUPPOSE the DR..
swcars occasionally and sells liquor formedic-
inal purposes Is it necessary for those who
are guilty of the very same acts to publish him
to the world because they control newspapers
and the Dr.. does not?
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
"A Present Of Five Hundred
MiIIiOns Of Dollars.

u1IA1AOAIo III OOlIdISs
The Funding Bill, which has
passed the House of Represen-
tatives, virtually makes q pres.
ent to the bondholders of five
hundred millions of dollars. 1t
proposes to pay one thousand
millions of dollars at par in coin
which we have now a right to
pay under the contract, at half
that price in gold. It relin-
qrlishes the right Of Federal
taxation, which, up to this time;
has been retained. The only
plea for this gift Of ali immense
sum, and for the surrender Of
a valuable privilege, is that
the interest is to be four instead
Of six per cent. This difference
in interest could have been
raised by taxation without the
giving away ofthe five hundred
millions. IF this measure pass.
es a purchased Congress, there
will only be one resource-that
Of the entire reputation of the
debt-principal and interest.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20


Tho Vinton Enquirer says that
tic Rebel Col. of the Logan Black
Republican advocates and favors
negroes committing rape on white
women. 1t don't say when we did
this, but no mattcr,-L0gdn Repub-
Hcah
Well, sir, it makes but little
difference what is said about
anything you advocate. All
your black brothers well know
what you favor and what you
do not favor, after they have
read two lines in your paper,
Now, you want white people
and we will include the poor
Northern soldiers whom you
were shooting at in the South
ern States live or SIX years ago
to think that you are not in
favor Of niggers committing
rape on women or on the wives
Of soldiers and soldiers widows;
but your paper never contains
one single account of the nu-
merous outrages Of that de-
scription. No, sir; not even
one ! Why don't you raise
your voice against such base
outrages ? Would it be inju.
rious to the Radical cause in
Hooking county to denounce
such acts ? o, you coward
YOU hypocrite Afraid Of
injuring the prospects of the
dying Mongrel party !
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
HORACE WATERiy
VdreroOmS, 481 BrOddcay, ".
TESTIMONIALS.

IE"pll lhONliALS.
The Waters Pianos are known as amcnr The
very best.-N. y ECdnGeli3t. % '''0
-, we can speak of the,meTlts Of the Waters
Planos from personal knowledge as being of
the very best guality.-CEristida InteLiigeRcer.
me Waters Pianos are built of the best and
and JOurRdJ
Onr friends will find at Waters store the very
best assortment of pianos, mclodeUms and or.
ganS to be found in the United States.-GIu-
hd1n'S Magazine.
Horace Waters. 4S1 Broadway, is famed Co,
the excellence Of his pianos and organs,-Ege.
niRG Post o"-''
Inc wat rs piano rank with the best manu
facturcd III Amcrica.-1be Iadependent, N Y
MUSICAL DOINGs.-Since Mr.. Waters gayc mn
publishing sheet music he las devoted all his
caplIii ana attention to the manufacture and
sale OF Pian0s MC'odians. He has lust issued n
catalogue of his new Instruments giving n new
scale OF prices, Which shows amarllcd reduction
rom former rates. and his pianos have recent
| ly been awarded the first premium at several
FAIRS. Many people Of the present day, who
are attracted, ifnOt confused OF the ilalningid-
ycrtisemcnts of rival piano houses, pIol1hly
| overlook modest manutacturer like Nh WA.
tcrS; Dut we happen to know that his instru.
ments earned him good reputation long before
| ENpoSitionS and ''hOnOrs" connected herewith
| were ever thought of; indeed we have one oi
| Mr.. w WaterS' Piano Eortcs now in our ,csilencr
| (Wherc 1t has stood for years. of which anv
manufacture in the world might be proud. We
nave always been delighted with il as Il sweet
sonGI ahu powerful Instrument, and there is no
| count Ol rs uurtblility; more than this, some
OF lhe best am 2teur players IN the city, as well
| aSseyeral celebrated pianistS, have nerlOunrl
| ON Tile Saldpiano,an all prom ounce ita supe-
| Ilor and first class instrument Stronger owl
dencc we could not giyc.-Aome JOw7odi. 10
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

The action Of the Supreme
Court Of Michigan, in deciding
that townships cat1not vote
bonds to aid in the construc-
tion Of railroads, has attracted
much attention, and has been
very generally approved. The
Governor has called q special
session Of the Legislature for
the purpose of overriding the
decision Of the court. Precise
ly how this can be done does
not appear. The decision of
the court rested on general
principles Of law, and, also, on
constitutional grounds. 1t was
held that a majority could not
vote to tax a minority for the
benefit of q private corpora
tion, and that a Legislature
could not authorize a county or
town to do that which the leg
islature had now power to do.
The State being prohibited
from voting bonds to railroads,
could not grant permission to
counties OF towns to vote such
bonds. Such being the terms
of the decision, it is not easy
to see how the Governor and
Legislature can set it aside.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
For Fine Perfumery, go to Sis
sons Drug Store.

A German, who resided with
Mrs. Hole, about three miles
south Of Macarthur, and who
had been supported by Clinton
Township, died very suddenly
on Sunday morning last, at the
age of 81.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

TIE last spike was driven into
The last rail which was laid on the
Columbus & Hooking Valley Rail
read at Athens, at 4:5O P, M, on
Saturday, juno 8, 1870, and through
trains will run between Athens and
Columbus on Monday, July 25.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
.EBHaaRR1So

We have n complete assortment
of Blanks for sale at this Office, and
can supply Attorneys, Justices of
the Peace, Constables and others,
with any kind of blanks or blank
books, including Printed Justices
Dockets. Come and see.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

DOG DAYs.-This interest
ing period commenced July
10Th, and lasts until August
25th. During this time it is
the inalienable right of all dogs
to get mad and bite whom they
choose.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

In England, the Princess of
Wales recently attended a
meeting at st. Georges Hos
pital held under the auspices Of
the progressive women. <.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

Total number Of Delegates ...,......... 80
The Central Committees, of each county, are
requested to take the necessary steps to secure
the appointment, of Delegates from their re-
spectlycs couhtes.
BY order Of the Democratic Congressional
Committee of the Eleventh District
JOHN HAMILTON, of Lawrence.
c. A. WALLER, " SciOtOI
j. L. .SWEARINGIN, Adams.
j, DUlTADWAY, " Jackson,
d. s. DANA, " VintOn.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

Chesterfield, Illinois, can
show a girl who, on q two.days'
tyialy hoed more potato hills
fan either Of her three broth
ers, both Of whom are older
than herself. -. II.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

Bangor, Me-, has a female
violinist, who is only Is years
of age, and who displays won
.derful talent and bids fair to-
rival Camilla Ufso.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
WANTED.
10000 LIVE DEMOCRATS

TO sell the Youths or Peoples History Of the
Great Civil War. The only Democratic II istory
published. Over $4,000 cQpiea have been sold in
Il few months 1t is still going like wid-lirc
Agents pronounce it the hest selling book they
ever colvassed for. 1t takes the hair OF the
Mongrels One "blOckhead" finds llult with it
because it says Lincoln was "ugly," and that
Booth had 'Grly, jetty hairw Agents can
make from $50 to SO per week i'll selling IT, An
in German is now ready. For terms, territory,
etc. address -.
VAN EYRTF, HORTON & CO.,
Printing House Square, New Y lork.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
Monday, the 18th Day. of August, A
D, 1915,

at the hour of2 O'Clock p. NJ of said day, tho
following described lands and tenemcnts situ-
ate in the county of Vlnton, and State Of Ohio
to.Wit:
The South East Quarter OF the Southeast
Quarter Of Section Twcnty:;one III Township
Nine C) Range Nineteen 49, containing forty.
three N3) acres more or less; and the West
half oftlc Southwest quarter of Section Twcn'
ty-seven (27l Township and Range aforesaid
containing Eighty (SOl more or less.
Taken us the. property Of Joseph, Baker to
satisfy u Judgment rendered against
them by said Court in favor of z. Z. Griffin
Co.
Appraised rs follows:
First describedparCe at One Hundred Dol.
lars (S100 90.
Second described parcel at Two Hundred and
Seventy Dollars ($210 00.)
And each parcel must bring two-thirds ol
theabOvc sums.
Terms ofSale-Cash in hand.
DANIEL BOOTH,
SherinNinton county.
u. s. Claypoolo aud j. NJ. McGilliyray, Att'ys
for PpG.
July 13, 1S7O5w-15
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING.

\ Book of125 closely printed pages, lately is
sued, conainSn II list of the best American IA.
ions, and fun particulars concerning The lead.
ng Daily and Weekly Political and Family
Newspapers, together with all those having
large circulationS, publisecd in the interest Of
Religion, Agriculture, Literature, etc, etc.
Every Advertiser, and every person who con-
templates becoming such, will lnd this book of
great value. Nailed free TO any address on re
GGlpt 01l1 cents. GEO =. ROWELL u CO..
The PittsbWg lPa.) Ledger, in It's issue of MAY
~ 1870 says: "Ihc firm of q. r. Rowcll " CO.,
which issues this intcre5tingand valuable book,
IS the largest and best Advertising 4 goncy in
the United States and we can chctrruiiy room
mend IT to the attention Of those who desire to
advertise their business scientiilcally and
Systematically IN such way: ilIat Il, so uS
TO secure the largest amount OF publicity for The
least expenditure ofmOney."
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
DEMOCRATIC
CONGRESSIONAL CONVENTION

THE Democracy ofthe several Counties of the
18th Congressional District are hereby notified to
meet in Convention, at Portsmouth, Ono, on
Wednesday, August "a, 20,
for the purpose placing innominNtlon acan-
didate for Congress at the ensuing Octobe
election.
Tho mtio Of representation will be ono dele
gate for every 200 votes CASTOR Hon. George II.
Pendlcton for Governor, lastfall, and delegate
forevcry fraction of 100 voesAgiving to each
County the following number of Delegates:
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
Special.

The House of Will 6 Co.,
at ZaIeski, are now Offering
special bargains to all who may
favor them with a call.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
|IHII8IC I||I E...IIVi..i;'IT'.i||T||:T'| ''.i|||

3BnrClay ST., MY. or 38 W. it ST., Gincinnati,O o.
II they want the most popular and best selling
eruL terms Send for circulars Theywilcost you
nothing, and maybe of great benefit 10 you.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
$t5 GOOD rs GOLD. $50
BUY THE ONLY GENUINE IMPROVED
OROIDE GOLD WATCHES.


MANUFACTURED BY TIE OROIDr
IEl WATCH Co
They are the best make, ITuntng Cnecs, fine ly
chased; 1oob md tcedr IKE fine goIR. anil are Q.
qual in appearance to the best gold watches Il.
sually costing 81 80. FaGJciDelled Lereys, Gen 4
AMI Ladies' sizes, at SIS each.
Our double eNtrl refined Solid OrOldc Gold
Hunter CaScd Full Jcweled Levers, dJe e(j,th Ia
500 Gotd Watches Regulated and Gii1rdateed Ia
HeeO correct time, and 1CctP uRR not tdtRisb ariM
Ertr1 Fine Cases, at $50 each.
No money Is required in advance. We send
by express anywhere within the United States,
payable to agent ON delivery, with the privilege
toopen and examine before paid for, ami If not
satisfactory returned, by paying the express
charges. Places where express cannot deliver
goods aoW be cent by mdB us registered package,
prepdm, by sending cash in advance.
An Agent sending for six watches gets an cX-
tra watch free Making seven SO watches for
500, OrsoYcn $50 watches for $50
Also elegant Oroidc Gold Chains of latest and
most costly styles for Ladies and Gentlemen
rom 10 TO III nche, long, at 81 ST. &c. and $S
each, sent With watches at lowest wholesale
price
Old Gold anl Silver taken lin exchange at
ne highest market price allowed. Stateplainly
theElhdaud price Of goodS required and avoid
all bogus concerns by ordering only from
THE OROlDE w Arch CO.,
li6 Fulton Street New York
April %, 1S70-3m
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
M0OTG'S Rural NGV,YOlkor,
The Press and People Praise It.
I'D Cts J \ \. &. ( !: /. !; / !. I.
DAlLl SlN. huufcSS
l. W. ENGLAND, Publisher, New York,

WHAT TO WEAR, and How to
w Make it--Eycry lady should send for copy
Contains Just what every lady wants IN know. Nine.
Demorcsi,s Semi Annual Book Of Instructions on,
Dress and Dress Making, for the Spring and Summer
OF $50 with full descriptions Of Styles, Materials.
Trimmings and every thing new and desirable con-
nectcd with Ladies and Children's Dress. Price 10
cents. Mailed postirce on receipt Of price Address
NINE. DEMOREST, SIS Broadway N. Y.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
PAY1E. .NgU7S.

Inventors who wish TO take out Letters Pat
cnt are adYiscdtO counsel with MUM & CO.,
editors ofthc ScioptiRc Amepicdn, who have pros
ccuted claims before the Patent Onice for over
Twenty Years. Their American and European
Patent Agency is the most extensive In the
World. ChHrscs less than any other reliable
agency, y pamphlet containing full instruc-
tiOns to inventors is s'Scnt gratis.
MUM &CO., 81 Park Row, New York.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20


The brilliant success of these Inis
proved Grain~SaVinG and Tlmc-SaYing
Threshers Is without parallel in the annals Of Farm
Machinery
More than tyvicc as many were mado
and sold last year as before made and sold
by any other Threshng Machine concern in the same
period Of It's existence.
rpl,cv ,ya,,t into cverv Stoto rrou,
ponnsviSonis 10 Kansas. and from Minnesota 10
Georgia, and met with their most marked sue.
cess IN the very states, and even In the very
apron" Stgie are raaao-0IItO, the nursery of ele.
CANT Farm Machinery, leading the van In the number
purchased.
p.arcclv ,Ocroosod co-DSucs o,,, rc-
rorteJ ~ irSrosIsrincn WHO have ~ssT and creot
aoynC ~ Grain Tv Who have e, ,sS tLen,
n,S y, @ "p =! ~" '"s"'
and frnn Onsas ccrt tOS 10 I've Oh IoDsI
6o5, EyTp obo,,c n.tUr N,ocIircS o~J nod noppt, pt
o, wort on% alter o,ber kinds were "jad nm bs.
cnusc bo Ss,S,ch u,n Parn,crs, o,o, In soI oin,
into the @ StrH,Vsnjlo, cIeaned i n for nsiIS siII
Inc or ,,sarIT cf fnsnccfioI,. and worked eosv
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
SHBRIE'.F'S SALE.

State Of ohio, Tint0n Coanty.
p. G. Griffin & Co., PIaintins,
against
Joseph Baker, Defendant,
In Vinton County Court Of Common Pleas Or
der Of Sale.
Pursuant to the command of an order OF
sale in the above cause issued from the Court OF
Common Pleas of YintOn county, Ohio, and tome
directed as Sheriff of said county, will oner ut
public sale at the door of the Court House, in
the Town Of McArthur, in said county Of Vim
ton on
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

For Pure Drugs and Medicinesj
go TO Sisson's.
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20

oned, falling hair checked, and bald
ness often, though not always, cured
by its use. Nothing can restore the
hair where tho follicles are destroyed,
or the glands atfophied and docayod.
But such as remain can be saved for
usefulness by this application. Instead
of fouling the hair with a pasty sedi-
ment, it will keep it clean and vigorous.
Its occasional use will prevent the hair
from turning gray or falling off, and
consequently prevent badness. Free
from those deleterious substances which
make some preparations dangerous, and
injurious to the hair, the Vigor can
only benefit but not harm it. If wanted
merely for q
Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1870-07-20
Ay er's
Hair Vigor,
For restoring Gray Hair 10
lis natural Vitality and Color.

A dressing which
is at once agreeable;
healthy, and effectual
for preserving tho
hair. Faded or gray
hair IS soon restored
to It's original color,
eeSh the gloss and
freshness Of yo9M.
Hll,,,, lo;,, z. I1..z1.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1870-02-08
Aims for the Cretnn Exiles.
COLUMBIA, February 7, 1S7

COLUMBIA, February 7, 1870.
The Rev. Arthur Eogdan desires me
to acknowledge what he thinks "prince-
ly liberality" in the good people of Co.
lumbia towards the wretched Cretans.
In this kind estimate, he makes gener-
GUS allowance for our own poverty. The
morning collection amounted to ST.. 18,
and the evening collection to something
over $63.
At Mr.. B. 3 request, the writer care
fully examined large amount OF testi-
mony, consisting of hundreds of letters
from distinguished men, official papers,
and extracts from newspapers, which
places his authority and fairness beyond
all question. Scores of receipts were
exhibited from d. N. Botassi, Esq,
Greek Consul General, New York city,
and from the Executive Committee Of
Relief for the Cretans, to show how
faithfully, and in the most business-lik
way, he forwards all contributions
It might be an excellent thing for our
Ladies' Association to ask him to repeat
his gratuitous lectures, which realized, it
is said. about $3.50 for the poor of Charles
ton. Very respectfully.
VIM. E. BOGGS,
Pastor Presbyterian Church.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1870-02-08

THE LATE BATTLE IN CUBA.-The ac-
counts which have reached us by mail Of
the battle of Guaimaro, Cuba, between
the Spanish troops, under Pueblo, and
the insurgents, under General Jordan and
Colonel Beeuvilliers, seem to leave no
doubt of the disastrous defeat of Pueblo,
and the fact that this was one of the most
important engagements of the war.
General Pueblo left the line of the Nue.
vitas and Puerto Principe Railroad on
Christmas day, with $500 picked Spa
nish troops, six pieces of artillery, and
provisions amply sufficient for eight or
ten days. His destination was Cascorro
and Guaimaro, the Cuban capital, as in
dicated in proclamation of his, issued
a few days before, and in which he also
boasted that, sword in hand, he would
seek, find and destroy the enemy; that
he would show no quarters. He made
bis attack, says correspondent, upon
the insurgents, who were entrenched be-
fore Guaimaro, January 1st, and after
three repulses, was forced to retreat,
closely followed by the Cubans, to Arroyo
Hondo, where he was besieged and ha-
rassed for fifteen days. On the 18th of
January he cut his way through, and
after five days difficult marching and
continual fighting, reached the small sea-
port of Baga, on the North coast, few
leagues East OF Nuevitas, minus artillery
and much other property, where Spanish
vessels came at his bidding, and removed
him and the remnant of his army to
Nuevitas. The Spanish losses were, it
it is stated, 400 killed and 800 wounded.
The Cuban loss is variously estimated at
from 500 to 1000.