New-York tribune., 1870-11-04
KELLEY,S ISLAND.
ira VINEYARDS AND WINE CELLARS.

haah hee n advance
United states The vineyards Of Mr. Longworh near Gin
cinnat we're long ago Of aatona repue as maryes
An extent and productyeness but there are many
sections Of the country where the grapegowng inter
est B vastly greater than that q Mr.. LongwOrth. OF
these various localities perhaps ncne Is more generally
known abroad that which Includes the grape grow
ing Islands Of Lake Erie. The whole southern lake
Shore from about Sandusky the west TO Erie on the
east is adapted to the grape Detroit depends prnc
pay the islands OF Lake Erie for her grapes and re-
tail prices there have almost double the prices that
have been obtained at Cleveland and Rochester There
are eleven islands In this part OF Lake Erie but ak only
attain any importance in the culture OF the grape They
lie scattered at the western end 81 the lake 40 miles
southeast from the mouth Of Detroit RVer ana aDont
the same distance northeast from Toledo Inc SIX lL
porant islands keilcys Iand of about 2o acres
North Bass SO; Middle Bass 100; South Bass or Putin,
Bay. 1909; sugar Island 30, and Ratleonake afo about
80 acres The harvest Ia now ready aud the trar is
at zenith. The statistics which follow are ifon capt
Atwood who for 35 years commanded on lake steamer
until three years ago. he gave up his seaiarg NE ana
settled down TO grapegrowing and wihc-Inakhg On d
die Bass. ., 49,, 49,,
Middle Bass about each Putin-Bay 500 acres
Keley's Island alone expects This year, to produce Log
tuns 0f grapes and to make 25ooD gallons OF Whe M
told from ts grapes and the few psrchses or the
smaller islands Last year, the product oi tIi1 t aI 10
wine ernaking except Middle Bass. Bay growers
sometimes crush their grapes but X good oier comes
Bass producer Last week ST. Louis operator bought
from this island, and Toledo wine rresser pI
Middle Bass made &C. 100 gallons Of wine last year ana
with the grapes contributed by The smaller Islands WIZ
this year, make G0O0O gallons. On tins island spen
wine cellar has lust completed hewn from the .Od
rock 1t Is Il2 feet long, % wide. and l3 hgh Eieh
the capacity OF the vault being 5000 gallons. In addi-
tiop to this there three smaller cellars on Middle
Bass, but their combined capacity does not greatly oA
cerd that Of this storehouse In the rock.
The crop this year. it is estimated Will not vary greatly
from one and half tuns to the acre. on all the land s
an average some viii yield two tuns, and In rare cSes,
three Two tuns Is good crop; the gGapegrO"ers
wear The bulk of gr pes here grown are Catawbs
Concords and Deawares follow in about equal pr'poi
tions There several other varieties produced, ub
of any account that come up 10 te staiddru ol
wine grape Ives Seeding ia increasing in favor as
wine grape but is not yet generally known The VIZ
gnia Seeding makes the host ana llchcst WINE IN tne
world in proof of which statement Capt Atwo0d ohers
that here tine islands retas at - per bottle, con
tanning one-ffth OF gallon 1t Is a red WINE. Inc la
las make 10 wine they are valued chleny & Iot cs. an W
The grapes esteemed for wine are; First, the VIZ
gnia Seeding, though II ~ rare grape, NOT stheIay
cultivated; then the Delaware next the Caawba, anu
the Concord next The Concord pleasant red wine,
but not SO rich as the CataWba.
crushed between rollers without breaking the seeds the
juice pressed ont and placed Ia casks iorerentall"n;
the pOmiCe from tie press ana TIE lees from tho Cd's
are used for the manufacture Of brandy. Fifteen pounds
of grapes, gs they run, viii mako gallon OF Wlhe lac
Items in with thr pomre and are pressed they
are believed be of benefit u the wne but the grapes
themselves carefully assorted, aud the Imperfect
oes removed before to flu il crushed. Grapes nom
the Lake shore of the mainland are not valuable Tor
wine as they The irOsts come earlier 10 the
grapes on the mainland than tho islands; and IL is
ths freedom from frosts which Is pecuiar1y Oi the
islands, that makes them notably adapted 10 grape
fi ,iened and in wiiiemakiig are all tho better
they hang until they have commemorate shrink Though
from frosts they Ind persistent and reletes enemy
in the rot Against the appearance OF i5 Ioe I rsIo ap
If the weather is dry its appearance IS CHARGED 10 tho
druuth If wet it, gdyent is accounted for by the eNc'5
siye moisture. Mr. Addison Kelley, of the original laui
y of grape growers tine Islands, u credited WITH tbe
doctrine that the evil Is the result ~ "pure cussedneSs
the part OF the vines and this theory hAds nearly
unanimous support. H.. 900.
greatest friends Of the grower. Experience IN lts use
proves that It's presence ali that required ana tna
ght application is effective a heavy Tie Hour
OF sulphur mixed with common wood ashes, III pr0p0r-
and the compound Is then applet WITH a. IH9
distributing the sulphur but their presence - deenod
TO be great yalue the vines Independently Of its
agency in carrying the sulphur 1t is even believed that
where mdcw exists; for 1t is observed hat when the
application Is made the vines are on the following year.
thrfer and the rIit more perfect IL Is Thought that
tine ashes act ~ ncuzcr to the acid or the sulphur,
which II Injurious 10 Vegetable me- ana thiS discovery
has done away with tho objections winch were formerly
urged against The OF sulphur for arresting rot.
The black rot. however, another m ng ana accounted
for satisfactorily by too much moisture ia the earth aud
air Undue draining and free circulation OF air and
growers permit crops Of weeds 10 grow In their vine
yards during the Vet weather and cut them down in the
dy Their agehcy ~ 10 au'oip INC moisture II,h te
earth and thus relieve the SlAcs and are, without
With soil and climate well adapted to the growth Of
the grape, the great friend OF tue vino and master,
deposit Of birthstone has been discovered on the east
crn shore of Putin Bay, south Bass Island It very
extent and value Of it are as yet unknown.
The pure juice OF the grape as 1t comes from the press
Is tested by sdccharOmcter slender glass tube with
graduated scale marked upon H. which rises from bum
which is loaded enough to hold the tube upright IN
liquid 1.-THE saccharOmeter sinks 10 90, the wine Is OF
tails 70 reach That iirre II lacks these qualities and it il
necessary tO bring up the mark by the addition OF
Their standard wines and the name Of that article to bo
vii is a.
islands, just now, at 81 - per gallon FOR Delaware 81 70
Tor and 81 for Concord in wholesale quantities.
1t sometimes sold for when year old but should
De sold before IL Is two years of then 1t s good,
and does not improve much after hree years BY means
OF his sacchar0meer the winepresser Is able to deter
mine the quality OF the wine which be VIII draw from
hs casks when it has ripcned There il no uncertainty
about it, he has settled all questions that point before
be drives the bung Somehow in fermentation, the wine
deposits equally and smoothly the inner surface OF
the cask, what is known To the winc-Inakers tho
wine stone" 1t Will deposit this stone inch in
depth in year. II resembles stone, and when crushed,
the fragments look ike gravel and knowledge Of this
fact may explain the meaning Of the expression Of ex-
pcrs who speak Of the crusty wine The brandy which
comes O distlation Of The pOmice and lees OF tne wine
manufacture, is highly priced for its medicinal proper
ties but whether 1t comes mp 10 the Cogniac standard
the writer has no experience 10 guide his Judgment.
The value Of the brandy is of this benefit to the wine
grower that tpays the entire expense Of his years wine
pressing.
ia table grapes Is immense but there are no figures at
tanabe ~ 10 The number OF pounds which the islands
s9d ot az taDe grape III te season Dut the lrt goes
all over the country The Caawba takes the lead then
Delaware then few fancy varieties, which not gen
orally grown, such as the isabella, Concord and Hart
ford Prolific. OF these three the Hartford Prolific is the
earliest.
The orgnaiors Of grape culture here the Messrs.
Kelley who left eNeland in S3 for residence on the
islands. There were then five poor families already
the ground The first business done ~ the Messrs Kel
ley was In stone and cedar but IN $780, they began to ex
pertinent with grapes. In 1851 the trade in be
gam In 1861 the crop from l2s yielded $4,000 Last
year the trade was reported to be worth over tC00O
The inhabitants number nearly que.20O0 They have
their schools and churches and stores and enjoy them
selves greatly being good neghbors to each other, and
taking good that vicious rascas from the outer
world DO not get fOothold In their midst
The transient population Of the island in the Summer
il greater than the pernanent for the islands are the