The New York herald., 1870-10-06

a ready vessel or making out contract within the
STIPULATED time give reasons ,or 'aslr nasS sy tSa
laborer, whether he be weaver, carver taIor
halter or farmer, lucrative situation IN America
where he Will be employed at his own trade. Ihey
say nothing about the cost OF living In the United
States, aud leave 1t to be inferred that II VIII be no
more expensive than II s In China, while the wages
will be twenty times as much. They even go far
ther and most grossly misrepresent the accom-
mo a,lons on board the ship the food that VIII be-
furnished Them and the reception they Will be likely
TO meet when they arrive IN America.
Ins PAoIFio RAILROAD AND THE cHINAMEN.
Although brokers and other Interested parties
have been in the habit OF publishing circulars upon
the subject whenever cargo OF coolies wanted.
YET tas nrst occasion as am toia on which they
great demand for laborers to build the Central
Pacific Railroad. At that time the isolated State OF
California was not sufficienty supplied with labor
to carry It's own liberal enterprises and con-
sequent.y was Ill prepared to undertake the grad
mount to the SHOWS. descend to the blooming val
ley, and bore through roc ridges again and again
nelose rescnea @ ne great basin q SAT- La Lake In
the Pacific. ave have money to spend. hut no
one to earn IT," said the dispatches TO Hong Kong.
Then the brokers began to print their circulars.
the boarding house keepers to rearrange their rooms
upon fresh expedients for preventing anything but
free emigration. Meanwhile c0uriers secured tho
country from swatow 70 Muchau. and from Yang
kiang to Nanngan scattering the Invitations every
where and proclaimng to the wonder-struck coolies
that great nation had need OF them. These
into the rice swamps and spoke OF healthier occupa
ttons; into the workshops and rldicued the pay and
ree to SOW dsconent In the already desponane
hearts Of every aborer's family Men who had heard
Of America only as a land OF fable whore none but
the good were allowed to GO heard 1t tnen Tor the
nrst time In connection with themselves. s
They came. Every valley and mountain in Fuken,
every plain and river in Kwantuna, contribute 10
the army OF labor which was to give to the Union
peace ana prosperity. So many came to the ports
ina, there w,re mot ships enough a 70 taxe them ana
there 10 answer the invitation sent by the Pa
cnc Railroad. Since that call there has been but
little dnicu ~ In obtaining ship loads at time
fot America. This 'emigration fever' steadily In
crcascs and II may be safely estimated that, from
this time forth. II measures ere taken to prevent
H. the number OF coo coming to this country dur
ing any one year viii he doubled during the subse-
sPrRrruALlsM IN CHINA.
The disciples OF Confucius have often demon
s'racd that what has usually been supposed 60 be OF
recent origin is really OF long standing IN their
try. Especially IL This the case with Sprituallsm.
Not only. saws Colonel Conwell, do the Chinese Spr
iruarsts belleve In the same agencies and the same
which distinguish the sect here, but they also
practice all the methods adopted In this country for
spiritual communication. and hundred others that
determine what their deceased relatives are doing;
how they live and what they eat what are the trou
They believe that the land or purgaiory is ike this
earth, socially and politically with the exception OF
the absence OF work and wages Ine spirlts are
supposed 10 eat, drink, sleep, quarrel, fight sing,
dance. &c.. Just they did on earth. Bnt as life
n expensive there as here they can have but little
Joy unless the relatives on earth send them money
enough 70 pay their expenses During the stay OF
the spirits In that neither world, which ~ but tenn
porary. they are possessed OF certain powers, by
means OF wulcn the gods expect them to make their
wants known TO men. Tney can rap on chairs ana
les ana move .ne atcnen men a no.ses IN iSe
air, play musical instruments, show their loot
prinls IN the mud or sand, sprinkle water on the
face of the dead, pull the hair or clothes or the
lning, take possession OF human beings. and after
putting them into . trance, talking through them,
presence aud desires. The most common method
pursued by the Chinese is that OF the medium or
"iakng with the human mouth. aud TO such
source will the coole go for the information which
the kitchen god has refused 10 give.
The medium IL generally young girl OF eighteen
ample supply Of cash, advises. the mouthpece OF
spirits thar the coolie take an immediate depar
tnre Tor the United states lie then proceeds TO
prepare h,s relatives In other world Tor his long
absence. Trey mast have money with which To buy
spiritual food and clothing and his family wfll. III
his absence, he too poor 10 supply them until after
money has been received ron him. SO he prepares
enough TO keep the spirits win strict econo
States. earn money and send u hme. This
money II made OF paper, bamboo leaves, bark
or of other available material which can
be marked with INK. When ne has manufactured
q quantity which he Ia assured Will be satisfactory
TO the spirits he enciosos M small nanooss "a niue
upon the cover the ancestors name for whom IT Is
Intended One OF these boxes ~ placed before each
ancestral tablet which Is usually piece OF paper
pasted up with the ancestors name upon it-and
there burned ashes while the coolie prays the an
cestor to accept his ..meagre gift" Some OF tins
money Is also burned for the benefit OF the sitrnen
god and the tree at the back OF the house comes IN
for It's share food IN the shape OF rice cakes ana
ancestors by setting u apart iron the food Of the
family for shor, time, JOSS sticks are lighted IN
various places, and the ignorant coolie supposes
that his ancestors are provided Tor.
WHO CONE HERE.
Out Of the large number tua lett Hong Kong In the
wear lsss for the United states nearly oneihird be-
onQed To that class OF coolies who own no property
aud who can scarcely i've from DAY 70 das N Ch.ra
higher class who mas be the owners Of cabins
pieces OF land other properly snncient TO secure
passage and yet be lar from the danger OF want or
even OF starvation in case of any accident. Among
the higher or partially educated classes money can
he borrowed OF frienas wtn on without security 80
that Il man II poor himself ms wealthler relatises
may advance him the necessary funds. Ofthis class
few ever emigrate. a. they consider themselves well
none ever 90 out os their native country. The
lower classes are consequently the only persons
affected by the United states law who would
be benefited by any change. They are tne most
anxious to cmigrate, and vet must undergo the
greatest hardships 70 get out cf me country.
few recognized rights, ana among these l. the right
10 sell themselves or their families This property
right IN ones family Il recognized ny all classes,
although Ia some localities no free person can be sold
INTO slavery by parents without his OF aer cousen.
African slavery IN America. Yet. ~ the buyer has
an exclusive and enurc ownership, and ~ human
nature IN China has the same coarse features that
opinion that slaves some localities IN China zee
hardships that the African seldom On never saw In
America Chinese slavery II not, however, strictly
hereditary, and when = cooe sells MS son OF laugh
ter ne not supposed TO convey ans right % the SER
vices Of his unborn Grest-grandchdren. This right
10 sell also includes the rigt 10 mortgage: and the
coolie who has no other goods or chaticls TO oner
security In the pay ment Of has pass ige across
the Pacific Ocean may pledge the hfe services ~
his daughter. MS son. his wife o. u me entire
family.
CHfSKSk roffTIcs.
A cstIn ilpdf IA tu nr a
nearest village Tor information 10 the best poss
bie means OF reaching The Gnticd States. These
officers Correspond somewhat Ofrcisl position 10
the selectmen OF towns IN thls country All the lower
classes so 10 them in cases of tlAi OF pcrpleNiy.
and they are elected ~ oce b. vote OF the free
holders tney usually lsien grases 10 every pettlon
Win sn eye perhaps, 10 futare vote. la Iac, they
are the 0niy officials 70 whom TIE laborefs IAN
apply. Every oiher oricrr In the nation appointed
and removed nv the Emperor and. apparently lor
fear that ms officials Ray ose tleE dignity or make
local connections which would o. dangerous 70 the