New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1870-01-28

ranking after Dessanes in point Of brute force) the
Haytian people succeeded in delivering their country
from reign Of ignorance though not entirely In Kidding
it of the reign of military feudalism, now somewhat
modified by intelligence.
When ChristOphe would not accept the Presidency Of
fered to him by the Senate under written constitution
after the tyrant Dessanes had dispatched Peton
the third revolutionary general In rank elected and
accepted Christophe resisted both hun and the Senate
and succeeded dividing the island into two distinct
governments making himself King in the northern part
while Potion remained President of the south and
west Potion educated man, and LAID
the basis of civil institutions in Hayti. At
his DEATH in 1918, the fourth revolution
airy general in rank, also man OF intelligence was
elected to succeed him in the Presidency At this
ment the yoke OF ChrsOphe became ntolerable TO his
subjects; and general uprising against him, which he
vanly resisted caused him, in fit Of desperation, to
commit suicide The institutions founded by Potion in
the West and South not only spread the North but
also the Spanish quarter in the East and the Gov
eminent of Boyer was eventually consolidated over the
whole island The country entered upon the reign Of
law. The six codes Of Hayu were promulgated under
Boyer and the courts OF law began exercise their
functions freely. But the social regime OF arisocracy
now inaugurated by coalition between the surviv
ing military heroes OF the revolution and the civilians
who had resisted Dessanes and co0perated with Potion
IN founding the Republic These with Boyer their head
we're unwilling to make any concessions to the party Of
the legislative body. The Progressists memoralized in
vain for reform from 1888 to 1913 The President his Sec
rotary of State and the Senate whose members he had
the right nominate, remained deaf to the appeals Of
the young composing the House of Representatives
The Chamber where they deliberated was even
rounded by military guard This unreasonable method
of governing birth TO the revolution Of lsi3 which,
in overthOwng Boyer and his satellites broke up forever
the old deSpOtic military aristOcTacy. However, one OF
the old military arsOcras in the person Of Soulouque,
called to preside the country three years after
this revolution and he, like Dessanes and Christophe,
availed himself Of party strifes, and set throne OF
usurpation. The country did not obtain ruler repre-
enting ideas that had trumphed in the overthrow
of Boyer until Is years aferthat is until the Revolu-
ton of 1885, which called eard to the Presidency Gef
rard faithful to all the ideas of the party of progress
from under Boyer and had the honor to put
most of them in practical operation. During the eight
years that he President he did more TO promote the
real progress OF Hayt than all the preceding cheftans
put together. He organized 200 schools caused the
Roman Catholic hierarchy to be established in the
Church, TO reform the degrading manners of the de-
bauched men who ofciaed at its altar; opened semi
nary educate native clergy introduced steamers INTO
Haytan waters for coast transportation; established
Government foundery; opened medical, law and music
schools and also school for nstructng llayan youth
in the useful artSnd trades and formed the nucleus Of
efficient navy The culture of cotton, favored by the
civil in the United States, encouraged by him.
in the distribution gratutOusly Of cotton seed among
cuvatOrs and the introduction at Government expense
Of cotonginssO that this product became during his
administration a important article OF export
But in spite OF this comm endlble progress, Haytian
society had not yet reached its equilibrium; it still
oscillated its base Why sol Because notwithsand
ing progressive ideas which riumphed in 1913, and
received their definite realization in 1885, the large sub
stratum Of IIaytan society left in ignorance and
superstition The surviving rival leaders Of lS43 became
jealous Of GeraTd The generation up in preiu
dice against aristOcracy OF which Gefrard and
these generals supposed to be the component parts
Divisions, jeaOusies and heartburnngs, occasion
to class Of halfeducated young men, raised up from
the ignorant since s3 to make resistance to the
existing rule. A new revolution found its leader IN
salnave who headed the formidable rising al Cape
Haytienin 1865, from the effects of which Gefrards
Government never recovered, land which ultimately re-
suited in the call OF Sanave to the Presidency in 1861
The masses in all their ignorance installed IN
power and place by the last revolution, against which
whatever is left Of intelligence and civilization in the
country has been struggling with deadly tenacy, In
order to prevent entire relapse Of aytan society into
barbarn Superior intelligence and civilization have
at length prevailed, but casterue and aristocratc
clques ought to be at end in Hayti. The rough
est pcquet Of the mountains holds with the.mOs
plshed native cities the much coveted breyet OF
general With the which his pointed spear has
spread around the aristocratc cities OF the south lately
in rebellion against the Government Of which he is de-
voted soldier the pcquet has conquered respect for
his class which cannot be dsregarded by any future
Government Of Hayti without peril Of being instantly
overthrow The present, trust is the last important
revolution in Hayt Although cOunterrevolutlon may
necessary settle definitely the idea gained by sal
nave's advent TO power 1853 needed to supple
ment lsi3 yet the rights Of the democracy have
been vindcaed past recall and Hayt is ready to enter
upOn a career OF peace