The New York herald., 1870-02-21
SOUTH AMERICA.
The Return Of the National Guard from
Paraguay-Cable Communication with
the United States-Steamship Tra-
yel-The New York Herald
in South America - The
Paraguayan War.

RIO JANEIRO, Jan. q, 1870
The expected return OF the national guards ana
volunteers in Paraguay Ia another matter
which was exciting attention. The Comte .d'Eu
wanted to arrive in Rio with body OF 5000 or SO
OF them TO give an opportunity to the people OF RIO
to give them ovation. This the Ministry refused
to permit, alleging various reasons, such as thar IL
would be disparaging TO the regulars who VIII nave
to remain In Paraguay. and TO the wounded and
disabled men who have already returned Some say
the Ministry was afraid TO allow the Comte al TO
return at the head OF respectable force devoted TO
him as Ii the Brazilian army, lest he should attempt
a coup d'etat Probably this was the case, for
although nothing or the thing feared IL likely TO
occur through the Comte d'Eu's action, It Is known
that there IL no love lost between the Prince and the
Emperor's existing Cabinet. However, there are |
other reasons besides the political fears there !
il large sum OF money due to the |
returning troops for arrears OF pay, and I'D add.
tion, they have TO receive the bounty or 800 mires
promised TO each Of them, together with about 800
acres or land each But neither money nor land is
ready, and If body OF expectant troops landed In
Rio their united complaints would make disagree
able noise supported, as they would be- by the ma
jorlty OF the Rio press and by all the
liberal Senators. 1t is, therefore, Intended
by the Ministry TO dribble the return
ing troops into the provinces. so as TO
prevent any unity OF recamatiOns on the govern
ment for the money and the land. AS for the money,
| that depends on whether the government can get
loan, but regards the land to Judge by precedens
wherein the patents for lands sold to settlers have
not been issued after lapse OF thirty years the
soldiers win have to whistle hard and long for the
/ lucky breeze that win bring them their land
| rants. However, at the last moment the Ministry
| caved In and hear to-day that the troops will
| come to Rio.
IL seems there Is probability OF cable communi-
| cation between Brazil and the United States and
i Europe being established within three years. as q
| company has been formed in London TO carry out
| the Balestrni concession for one between France,
| Brazil and the West indies. But the government
| has decided nothing as yet In regard to making
| the land connections with the cable terminal near
| PernanlbucO although several propositions have
| been before 1t for more tnan year. However II
| may be that the new Minister OF Agriculture viii
come 10 some decision before the Legislature sits,
/ so as to anticipate the interpretations which are
Seven tenders were handed in upon the 18TH with
/ proposals TO carry the mails between Para and RIO
aF a sne aso PG aad eSns
aud Rio Grande DO Sui. All the steamers except
those between RIO and Baenos ASpes sS must SAL
| Is one from tho United States and Brazil
steamship Company, two from resident Eng
| lisn houses, two from River Plate houses
and two from Brazilian firms. Strange to say the
Brazilian company, which mas hitherto carried on
the service and which is powerful aud wealthy has
sent In tender. Many persons assert that the
pany feels that all the tenders put IN Will be
Jected and that It then can dictate its own terms. II
is to be hoped, however, that the service Will
fall INTO foreign hands, for It's administration by
the Brazilian Company was sadly behind the require.
menls OF the times as regards regularity speed and
accommodations, and the captains thought shem-
gers VINO had but to endure. Fortunately
the competition OF foreign vessels has been bringing
| such gentry to their bearings.
n w 4 m toll ~
!, composed Of lDerala, mas instituted Deiore the
supreme Court OF Brazil prosecution OF former
Vice President, who last year suspended thirteen
! provincial laws which were IN execution. Besides
tnls act the Vice President Is accused OF various
olher political or administrative misdemeanors
| After long delay the suspension OF the laws was
declared illegal by the government and ne was dis
MISSED nine months after his action.
The provincial presidents and vice presidents
when acting, have very great p0wers-powers
vlnces-and the conservative presidents who sue.
ceeded the liberals IN 1858 acted rs they thought
decessors mad allowed Thus the President Of
Minas Geraes annuled over thirty provincial laws
power, and the present Cabinet has generally ap
held The action Of their agents In contracting tner
provincial attributes N opposition to the practice
interpreted the constitutional clauses less restrict
edly.
THIS keeping Of the provinces in leading strings is
| one OF the greatest evils preventing progress in
Brazil What would state IN the United States say
II the government ut Washington would, directly or
indirectly, appoint and remove Its presidents vice
presidents, police authorities and magistrates.
guard and host OF other officials down to jailers
/ | Its priests and Its sch0Omasters, annu III
eiections OF State officers down to township trustees
and It's elections or senator's and representatiyes
| forbid company TO incorporate without Its appro-
val and carry out Capitalization In a thousand
: ways besides. But this is the Brazilian system
copied from imperial France, and aggravated ten
fold by the irresponsible power OF pressing for the
army and police and OF des sgnatng national guards
| for service at home and abroad. Adding TO these
influences the tlmidity or bias or the judiciary IN
/ m MAJ fhA IL.
position nearly Identical with that or the Russian
| serfs.
| the worst point In the civic life OF Brazil
| AZ influential men can bid defiance TO creditors and
| accusers, knowing that the Judges and magistrates
VIII swear themselves Suspected" to avoid taking
suit or information. IL Is only through some en-.
De initiated and to Prevent s such ansds seoS qa Ias
| blunderbus and stick freely committed to the
care OF the body OF INSCRIPTIONS scoundreIs whom
| almost every Influential man narDOrs on his lands
Even IN this province OF Rio, within sixty miles OF
TINS capital. there are planters who are notorously
accused OF several murders and other atrocities but
against whom their deadIiest enemies find II impos-
sibc TO institute criminal suit and their wcathest
! debtors TO obtain Judgment
| One OF the leading RIO papers has drawn largely
from your columns OF the ed OF December, for as
much better informed OF our affairs than even the
Dta,io CNc,dt, to which we pay hundreds OF thou
SANDS OF milreis to give US news OF our country
est question OF the hour and that pre-
cisely on which the most inviolable secrecy
| " preserved, the HERALD OF the 22d or December
gives us the following informaton.n 1t tLen ms
| three columns with extracts OF The war ana home
news, appending remarks which are highly nattering
to your correspondents efforts to give true pictures
OF Brazilian affairs knowing that the HERALD Is the
only paper recognized In South America az the ex.
| ponent of public opinion In the United States
The Minister Of Finance has just published de.
cree liking the order OF the lotteries to be issued TINS
year, which number sixty, chiefly for charitable IN
| stituuons and churches Some, however are Tor
| the building OF theatre In Rlo Besides these i'm
perlal lotteries there are host OF provincial ones
| and number OF foreign ones are sold on the sly.
Almost every person - carried INTO the whirlpool OF
gambling, and one ricn individual Ia SAID 10 have
| lost $50.000 In buying tickets which turned
out blanks. TIE effect Is very demoralizing hun
dreds OF thousands, free and slave spend all their
earnings on the wheel OF fortune, and large class
OF small dealers exist by giving shares down to
twenty-five cents worth, IN tickets. And although
the money distributed AZ prizes Is Thirty per cent
less than the amount OF the tickets sold there are
even lottery clubs got up on the JOINT stock PLAN
| for sDeculating In lottery priest
| Yellow fever Is getting worse In Rio among the
u farniGpaxa and deaiA