The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1870-03-12
scIENIfICAEp MzcHANICALs |.
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1k&FA ~ ~ A0R rRshaA6N 4CA4s
wffxkpRooF GAKNkNrs.AAt present ~
the use Of waterproof garments great incog,-
Nnlence is expaiepced from the wsntgf es-
cape Of the natural moisture exnded from
the body A method of obviating this has
been patented IN Eogiasds FhSinve6tors
apply to waterproof garments series Of
elastic tubes Of veleanisedi iatia- rubber, Or
other material of suf;eisue Ftkieknsss and
strength to resist aay ordinary eempsession,
but still Of Sufficient elasticity to yield freely
to the movements of the weather. These
tubes are attached to the interior Of gar
ments by strips or bands coated with adhs-
siye solution by this means they assert that
free circulation Of air under the garment
is obtained.
BoiEER ExPLosroNs. the report
Of the Manchester Steam Users Association
! it appears that there were ffty-eight boiler
explosions in England during 1860, by
which eighty-six persons were killed and
one hundred and twenty-six injured The
greatest number Of explosions took place ut
collisrieS The boilers from which most Of
the disasters resulted are described rs plain
cylinerical, egg-ended, camber-ended, and
fat-ended [externaily fired The causes
! of the explosions are stated TO be: first, NAL
construction giving twentysix cases second,
detective condition giving fifteen cases !;
third, over-heating giving nine cases. The
nature Of tho remaining eight cases had not
been ascertalned.
EFFEcr or SroPPAGE OF THE EARTH
MoTIoN.-Sbould our earth suddenly be
arrested in its course from any cause what
ever, the inevitable result would be the de-
velopment Of an enormous degree Of heat
that would burn everything on the surface,
and dissipate it in vapor. 1t is well known
that motion, when suddenly arrested. be-
comes converted into heat, and this fact is
illastrased continually in our every day ex-
perience. A cannon ball fired against an
iron plate becomes heated 10 a considerable
degree, and the amount Of ignition is in
proportion to the velocity Of the body thus
arrested.
How 10 MAKE Precious STONES
Theophlus Ladislas Zschereskofski, pupil
Of Liebeg, has succeeded in making a dis
covery which promises to revolutionize the
trade in precious stones. He has succeeded
in making silicious and aluminous others,
and it is said that by simply mixing Ger
tain quantity Of these others with other che
mical elements, he produces almost -instan-
taneously the most magnificent results.
Combined with the oxyde of iron IN a per-
fectly pure condition, the aluminous ether
makes ruby; with sulphate Of copper, a
sapphire with any Of the salts Of nickel,
an emerald With the salts Of chromium
the ailicious ether gives all the beautiful
variet. IS Of the topaz. These others evaP-
crate with very subtle and pungent odOr,
which some people End highly agreeable.
The salts crystalisc with perfect regularity
on the evaporation of the ether. Although
the ccundums obtained by this process have
not the extreme hardness of the natural
substance. yet their brilliancy, when the
operation is carefully conducted, is admira-
BILE. Slick and aluminium, the bases Of the
flints and clays, are elements to be found
all over the globe, and the process of mani
Pulating them into gems, though one Of ex-
treme delicacy, requires no costly apparatus
and no expensive materials.