New-York tribune., 1870-05-11
LOUISIANA STATE FAIR.

ERN ENTERPRISE, ETC.
NEw-0RLEANS April 2T.-No time of the
year pleasant this for calling La Belle Creole
among our Southern sistcrs-the sugar-bowl of the
Union. The visitor from roster does not at once
from his surprise the warmth and generosity
Of this balmy climate and this luxurious soil. Behind
him he left cold rains and lingering chill snow on the
north side Of the stone walls the leaf buds but little
pufed with April suns, the pastures bare and sere
flush of emerald beginning the swollen brook side and
slowly creeping back TO the hills few peach trees ON
sunny slopes ventung out, but keeping the farmer
anxious whenever the wind blows from the north.
Landing at Lake Pontchartrain and taking the early
train for the city, the great swelling live oaks and
beneath them orange loaded with fruit and great
roses full bloom Yonder is magnolia, with here ana
a flower foot pouring out rare and spicy
fragrance upon the mellow air. The ladies are III sum
mer costume-transparencie tulles, and musins.
JapOncas deck voluminous pufs and red roses poohi
beneath olive cheeks Taking the cars down Espanaue
st. pass old Spanish houses and the homes OF pros
perous French merchants John sdell lived here once,
but not since the affair Of the Trent Jhls large ana
pleasant house the home OF MI soule for q rev
cloudy and disastrous years that closed
life which in its meridian was so rich and strong.
Other homes Of prosperous merchants more rinous re-
mains OF Spanish domination hid away amid luxurance
Of fig and afuenoe Of orange groves, the chimney
OF cOttonpress the smOkestack Of draining machine,
gnpses of a cathedral two and cemetery, wide
streets running afar cypress swamps in the reartwo
three miles Of this and presently the sound OF music,
the revolving hobby the peanuts and Coffee and
candy, and gingcr-snaps quadr0On girls, with rank
bouquets blind man with hurdy gurdy and queer old
negro with bandana turban and basket OF nut
cakes. announce the gateway OF
THE FAIR GROUNDS.
Nothing better proves the ygor of the blood the
revolution has infused into Southern life than the
of this Flr This is the fourth that has been conducted
by the Mechanics and Agricultural Fair Association Of
Louisiana. few months after the surrender they
bought acres three miles from the heart Of the
city. including many acres of high, well drained ground
on Metairie Ridge and beautiful grove OF live oaks
They have expended for land garden fences and build
ngs than 100000. One Of the city banks holds
mortgage for than 100000 but what matters it
long the grounds increase in value and the interest
is promptlypaidl We give these details by way Of in
citemen older and richer States, to which louisiana
in the matter of her Fair grounds, gives good
ample The first year this Fair brought profit of about
$4,000 Theyear following the management hit upon the
wrong season. and held fair in January during
tnuous ran Il resulted in loss Of 1900 Taught by that
lesson they have settled upon the last half Of April
the best portion Of the year Last season gave them
profit of from $4,000 TO $1,000 and this year unless
these daily showers deepen into constant rains Their
income will be $4,000 and more
Yesterday was the great day. Judging by the attend
at Northern fairs, the crowd little short Of
10000. OF course there nearly all the advertisements
ana sideShOws common 10 all 1arsagents very earnest
for the sale of washing machines eloquent pu OF
lampo, shoeblaeking, starch, tallow, molasses per-
fumery, and whisky Let Gull out such articles
peculiar products of Southern SOIL which and
open hopeful future in mechanics or agriculture.
sUGAR-MAKING APPARATUS.
In converting about per cent OF the bulk
Is water that must be driven Off So the grand problem
of the planter is how to apply fuel in such way
to convert the greatest quantity Of water into vapOr
without burning or dscooring the sugar OF old, the
plan to erect large building place in it steam
engine and rolling mill lay an immense chimneystack
set in masonry series OF five great cadrons. The
Juice from the mill poured into tank from which 1t ran
into caldrOHNO1 l. where lime was added TO coagulate
the impurities, such gum and cOloring matter From
No. the hot Juice dipped into No p and from No.
9to No g. and the last battery, where 1t was
cooked till the blubbers took the right shape
and color, and then the "strke" thrown out as
fast possible into coolers where 1t drained
and became common moist brown sugar. An
establishment where 12 hogsheads In "A hours
could he made large sugarhouse, and with all its
appointments cost from $4,000 to $4,000 AS system,
that must pass away 1t is longer practicable The
sugar interest has suffered than the cotton Tho
South made in 1869 threef0urths Of full crop Of
cotton, but only one-fth Of sugar crop. Money
be obtained for building expensive houses labor
not be commanded and welded in great masses; seed
cane has become deficient in quantity, and in many
poor in quality Instead Of caldrons, fat eva
orators made and the bottoms futed divided
into compartments, the flame come in contact
with the greatest eXpanse of copper surface There
many ways of getting this spread Of surface. 1t is
venent TO have the juice boil in direction, that
impurities in the scum, driven TO sde may he easily
removed. Some see, built with this aim prOmi-
nent; others endesvor to gain the utmost evaporation
with given furnace, and make economy Of fuel their
specially No patent has so many friends as
Cooks Evaporator, adapted to Louisiana
81 N Of
II good he may expect from 80 TO so hogsheads Of
sugar and corresponding drip Of moasses He may
find almost much profit in boiling his juice to clear
straw-colOred srup. He may obtain for about
500 with copper evaporator, and mill capable Of
crushing juice for a hogshead in day. His
sugar season may extend over two months and he will
half cord Of wood in day. little reckoning
will show how profitable the sugar business may be for
a man Of moderate means, for the average Northern
farmer who would migrate TO this semi tropical climate
Ten years Of such thrift and energy all the
Northwest the part or farmers who sometimes burn
corn and throw their wheat to the chickens and hogs
would, if applied to sugarmaking, win fortune, and
enable them live in auence. -Four good mules the
complement OF plows and cultivaOr and the sugar
paratus that 400 will buy enough TO begin WITH on
the scale indicated and more sugar can he made with
that division Of land and labor than under the old
regime when 100 slaves 1000 acres ofand and apparatus
costing $4,000 was the rule.
other applications OF heat but they are all ex-
pensive, calculated rather for the centralized system
that is past than the subdivided methods by free
labor For instance: here three enormous copper
tanks, with copper tube coed over the bottom, for
evaporation by This outfit costs $4,000 1t may
suit John Burnside Mr.. johnson, the princes
who whole townships with their cane, but not the
"cOming" planter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON GINS.
The original mill, invented for the South by that
Yankee schoolmaser, Ell Whitney, was box holding
crnder armed with circular SAWS The cotton Is thrown