The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1870-12-13

4 NfttaiH NAV kfoaMu btf tklutM upon
dfiet law, but il j. equally dlflcuB to a..
N, FIRST that ins doing shr even ..
harstls an extreme s,sd hard law Sec
'pdiy. ihal her cuaduct with respect 20
Tive navigation of tie 81 Lawcmc Is in
iiariug aud distic iisblc Inconsistency
with her conduct with n.Npcvt a. the nav
iealiuu of tide Mi-sis lpri ua the ground
,hai she possessed 4 small dumsin inw hlch
The Mississippi tnok its rise, shc Insisted
ou this Flishl to navigate the cutlrc volume
uf its wsier Ou ihe ground that slpe pos.
sesscs both banks Of the Il Lawrence
where II discmlloguso itself into tho sea,
she denies 70 the Uuited States the right
Of uaYigttiou though about ono half
the waters ct Lakes OumHo, Erie. IIu.
ron and superior a,nl the whole of Lake
Michigan, through which the river flows
are the property Of tie United States ~
The Whole nation Is interested IN secur.
ing cheap transportation from the agri-
cultural states at the West to the Allan
tic seaboard. To the citizens of those
States, it secures greater return for their
labor tn tie inhabitants Of the seaboari.
u offers cheap food, 60 the nation an In.
cIease ~ the autual shipments OF wealth,
IL Is hoped that TINT the government Of
Great Britain will sec the Justice of aban.
dohing Tie morrow aud inconsisiant claim
TO which her Canadian PUrviuccs have
urged her adhcrance,
Our depressed commerce, a subject TO
which ! called your special attention at
the last session, suggests that we will In
the future haveto look more to the coun-
tries south Of the Uutcd States, aud TO
China and Japan for It's revival. Our
representatives TO all these governments
have exerted their influence to encourage
trade between the United States and the
countries to which they are accredited,
but the fhet exists that the carr, Ing IA
done almost entirely Ia foreign bottoms,
aud while this stale of affairs exists we
cannot eonirol our due share of the com
morcc of the world That between the
Pacific States and China aud Japan Is A.
bout all The rarlg lug trade now conduct
ed by American vessels. would rec
nmmcnd liberal policy towards that
iinc OF American steamers, one that viii
ensure the success aud even increase its
usefulness. The cost Of building iron
vessels, the only ones that can compete
with foreign slips IN the carving trade
Is SO much greater in the United States
than In foreign countries, that without
some assistance from the government
they cannot be successfully built here
There will be several propositions laid
before Congress in the course Of the
present session, looking to remedy for
this evil. Even il Il should be at some
cost to the national treasury hope such
encouragement win he given as will Sc
cure American shipping uu the high seas
md American slipbuiding at home.
The condition OF the archives Of the
Department Of ) tate calls for the early
action of Congress. The building now
rented by that department IL frail
structure, OF an incoWcuicut distance
from the executive mansion, and from
the other departments II is III adapted
to the purpose for which IL Is used; has
not capacity TO accommodate the archives
and Is not iire-pro0f. Its remote situa-
lion, its slender construction, aud the alb
.ence Of supply Of water in the neigh
horhood, leaves but Il tie hope of safety
for either the building on It's contents in
case Of the accident Of fire. Its de-
.Iruction would involve the loss of tho
rolls containing the original acts aud res
buttons Of Congress; of the historic
records 0f the Revolution, and Of the
confederation; Of The whole series of di.
plomatic and consular archives, since the
,doption Of the Constitutions and of the
many other valuable records aud papers
left with that department, when 1t was
The principal depository Of the govern
'neni archives. recommend an appro-
pflaion for the construction OF build
ng for the Department. State.
recommend TO your consideration the
propricty Of transferring TO the Depart
inent OF the Interior, 10 which they seem
more appropriately 10 belong, all powers
aud duties in relation 10 the territories,
with which the Department of State Ia
now charged by law or usage, and from
he Interior Department to the War De-
partlnent tho Pension Bureau, so far as II
regulates the pa, ment Of soldiers peu-
-ions. | would further recommend that
lac payment OF naval pensions be trans
erred 10 one Of the bureaus of the Navy
Department
The estimate for the expense Of the
government lof tie h-cai year are sls,-
1Il, ,0l less lban the current one, but
exceed ihe appropriations for the present
gne, for the same items ss,072,l ~ ,66. In
Ibis e,tiin sc, however, Is Included s2l,-
538 1881 for public works heretofore be-
gun under Congressional provision, aud
Of which only 50 much IL asked as Com
gress may choose 10 give. The appro-
priation for the same works for tho fiscal
year was < ,gsi ,5is.0s.
The average value Of gold as compared
with national currency for the Whole Of
lie ycar 1863, was about l3i, aud for II
months Of 1870 lie same relative value
ha- been about 70. Tie approach 10
specie basis Is very gratifying. bat the
fact cannot be denied that tie Instability
- ,t. alma - ,,Ve et,Frcftry "a prpfudl.