The Portland daily press., 1870-11-08

Many changes have been made in munich
pal limits since 1850, and IN such cases, we
have given aggregates as far as possible Of the
population of the several towns and cities
thus consolidated. For instance, Boston now
includes Roxbury aud Dorchester, Jersey City
now includes Hudson City ard Bergen City,
Cincinnati now includes Mill Creek township
with population of 1884 in 1860. ST. Louis
includes Carondeet, with large territory
and a population Of 1908 in 1860. New Or
leans now includes Jefferson City, which had
in 1860 population of 5,107. Buffalo took
in Black Rock and other territory, between
1850 and 1860, so that the actual gain was
less than that shown in the foregoing table.
Cincinnati has an aggregate business popula-
ton greater than St. Louis, there being $780,
GIT in Hamilton county, and about 10000
more in Covington and Newport, on the Ken
lucky side of the Ohio, all of which territory
is less than that embraced in St. Louis. Bos-
ton has an aggregate business population ris-
ing $4,000, including Chelsea, Charlestown,
Somervl!e, Cambridge, Brighton, Brookline,
and other suburban localities, which form a
portion Of the city as a metropolis. Portland
as commercial town includes Westbrook and
Cape Elizabeth with an aggregate population
in 1870 Of AZ 9S3, against 81, 734 in 1860. Lew
iston and Auburn, practically one city, have
an aggregate population OF 1890, against II, :
401 in 1850, showing greater population at
this time than Saco and B ddeford.
The Census returns from the South show a
small increase of the colored population, and a
falling offof the white. The great increase
of population from 1860 to 1870, aside from
the large cities, has beer in the grain growing
regions of the West and the Northwest, while
the agricultural population of New York and
New England, has actually diminished in
numbers. Massachusetts and Rhode Island
have increased their population by new labor
ers in manufactures. Connecticut by tie
outflow of New York City into her railroad
towns. Vermont has added nearly five rer.
cent. to her population by the great enlarge
ment OF her Marble and Slate works, and Inc
manufactures of Burlington. Maine has re-
NAMED comparatively stationary, and New
Hampshire has lost nearly as much popula-
ton as Vermont has gained. About one
eighth OF the population of the United States
is gathered into cities.
We give these fraementary statements in adj
vaEce OF the publication OF the census, for the
purpose of indicating the direction to which
c,pital is nOw to be turned. In 1860 Maine
had GA ,S43 farmers and 1896 farm laborers,
HnO - Al. Goll ,l,o 20
aggregate population of 62S,279 persons, while
Massachusetts had but ,2O4 farmers and IL
430 farm laboreis, an aggregate OF 62,634 farm
ers and farm laborers, in an aggregate popula-
ton of 1,231,066 persons. Maine had but
1857 factory hands against 32,672 in Massa-
chusetts in 1860. Maine had but 1854 shoe
makers, against Al oil in Massachusetts.
1t is obvious, therefore, that Northern New
England, and Northern New York must
change their habits of industry, TO maintain
their relative position in the National Coun-
sells.
The three small States of Rhode Island,
Connecticut and Massachusetts, with only
1856 square miles of territory, have made
handsome gain of population from 1860 to
1870, while the large States of Maine, New
Hampshire and Vermont, with 1858 square
miles of territory, have little more than held
their own, though possessing vastly greater
natural advantages in the way of soil, climate,
waterpower, and all the elements of wealth,
for the maintenance and support Of large
population. J. A. p.
PORTLAND, Nov. Z, 1870.