davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-07-01
A Brave Girl.

OUR heroine lived in Bartlett, New
Hampshire, and was descendant of the
old Crawfords. Her father was Craw-
for1, and followed the profession of a
guide among the mountains. Her name
was Bessie, and she was the only daugh-
ter remaining at home-a dark-eyed,
brown. haired girl, of slight but compact
frame, Just entering her nineteenth year.
Her mother had been dead several years,
and upon her devolved the whole care OF
the household.
One day, late in summer, Mr.. Craw-
ford went, with party of travellers, away
to the head waters of one of the many
mountain streams that empty into Saco,
and Bessie was left alone. Even the dogs
had all gone with the pleasure-seekers.
Near the middle of the afternoon, while
the girl was sitting by an open window 10
the front room, engaged in sewing, man
came up from the road and asked her il
she would give him a drink of water.
Bessie had seen this man before, and had
not liked his looks. He was a stout,
broad -shouldered, ill.favored fellow, and
the bits of moss and spikes of the pines
upon his clothes indicated that he had
slept in the woods.
But Bessie did not hesitate. She laid
aside her work and went to get the water
When she came back, the man had enter
ed the room. She did not like this, for
she was sure he had come in by the win
dow; but she handed him the tin dippeT
without remark. The man drank, and
then set the dipper down upon the table
Then he turned upon the girl, and drew..s
broad-bladed knife from his pocket.
"Look ye, my young lady," he said, 81
know there is money in this house; and
know that you are alone. Show me where
the money is II you don't, shall xiii
you, and then hunt 1t up myself I'm in
earnest, and there is no time to waste
Don't make fuss, for if you do, you'll
feel this knife quickp
Bessie shrank back, and looked into the
mans face, and she could see that he meant
just what he said.
If show you where the money is, will
you promise not to do me hsrmP"
"Show me, honest, and won't harm
you"
"Then come with me. But you will
take only the money-you won't take No,
fathers papers"
"Only the money, girl"
Bessie led the way to small bedroom
on the ground floor, where there was al
old mahogany bureau, the upper drawe
of which she unlocked. The man, when h
saw this, thinking doubtless that CraW ford
gold was within his grasp, shut up hi
knife and put 1t into his pocket. The gir
openedsthe drawer, and, quick as thought
drew forth large navy revolver-on
with which she herself had killed a trappe'
bear-and cooked it.
"Villain" she exclaimed, planting he
back against the wall, and aiming tn
weapon at his bosom, "many a wild beas
have shot with this good pistol. and III
now shoot you If You do not instantl,
leave this housel will give not even
second Start, or fire ~
The ruffian could read human looks a
we'll as could the maiden, and he coul,
read very plainly in the tirm-set lips an,
in the flashing eye-but more clearly il
the steady hand which held the pistol
that she would not only fire NJ abe ha'
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-07-01
A Double Dead Head.

Rev. DIR. Price, one of the British dele
CATION lately in this country, was some
what astonished at the dead head habits OF
our railroads, hotels, etc, but seems to
have taken to them very kindly, AT
meeting in London since his return, he
spoke as follows on his experience mere
Ministers and editors travel at hait
price. Stopping on one occasion at juno,
tion, he went TO hotel close by and mad
an excellent dinner. Afterward, going
into the clerks office, he entered his
name Thomas Price, Baptist minister,
Aberdare.' 20, sir said he, guess
you're a minister Il guess so, too, said
l. WELL he said, you have only half to
pay. The dinner is eighty cents; II you
pay forty, you get free of the other forty,
ION what principle is that p said and
he said, we give 80 per cent of to min
isters and editors Indeed 7 ! said /
happen to be an editor, too Editor OF
what p 'Of Seren Cymru.' Dom know
the paper \; where is it publishedY In
Wales 1 don't know it. but you are
an editor, are your yes, am Well,
| guess we are about square exactly, l
said I really think that | will come
again on those terms Come whenever
YOU like, and we will treat you on those
terms
-, 4. ssao. ohaara nor inn =
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-07-01

promised, but her aim would be sure
and fatal one
And he backed out from the bedroom
backed into the sitting. g.room-then
leaped from the open window and disap-
peared
Bessie kept her pistol by her side until
her father and his guests came home; and
when she had told her story, search was
made for the ruflian. But he was not
found. Our heroine had so thoroughly
frightened him that he never came that
way again.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-07-01
YOUTHS DEPARTMENT
PLANTED.

HEJD my baby on my knee,
My ueeyed Beasle. three years old
bhe laid her dlmp'ed cheek on mine,
And In my ear her trouble told
Papa, pease may M 60 to school,
Like Sitter Nell and Tahe SNOWY
Then as smiled ehe begged again,
With kisses sweet, Pedse may me goY"
when Bessie grows as large as Nell,
Then she may go to sch ool." said.
But mothers words and fathers rules
Are quite enough for this small head. "
She said no more, but sat awhile
Thinking her think" then ran away;
And as turned to work again.
Iheard her in the yard at play.
Then mother called, Come, Bessie, come;
"ris time to go to sleep, you know"
70, dear mamms, pease let me stay
Use painted, 'tause want to grow"
Twas true for there our baby stood,
With feet fast planted in the ground,
While waterproof and garden tools,
Ready for use, lay scattered round.
on mothers second call she came,
With rumpled dress and muddy shoe,
And looking up quite grieved, she said,
why tan t me grow, Us II Iwers dor"
- our Young FOLKS
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-07-01

to go, and Ernest gave it up directly.
But he lost nothing by it. Whateve- he
did was successful and even whon he
was quite young man he was able to buy
a carriage for his mother to ride in. He
was very good man, and when his
mother grew quite old she died blessing
him. AS for Ernest, he lived great many
years, and won the respect and love of all
who knew him. Do you know whys
There was one commandment which he
never forgot: "Honor thy father and
thy mother, that thy days may be long in
the land which the Lord thy God giveth
thee D-QoLden Hoqirs
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1870-07-01

THERE is an old-fashioned parlor game
that has never been Improved upon, and
that Ia courting.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
TILE POLICE pEPARTMENT.

John A. Kennedy, the Superintendent OF
Metropolitan Police is ~ resign in few days and ac
cept the Presidency Of City Railroad Company, at a
salary Of $500 year. his present salary. Among the
persons mentioned as likely to succeed 10 the place now
filed by Mr.. Kennedy, Inspectors Dilks and Wal
ling exCief OF Police George W. Matse Police Justice
Joseph bowling and Capt John Jourdan Of the Sixth
Precinct The last named is the more frequently talked
OF for the place. -, -,
Sergeant VIM II. Leferts President OF the Metropoli
fan Police Mutual Aid atiOn has submitted report
for the quarter ending April from which II appears
that the Association has lost lime members ny deatn
during the quarter. The receipts collected during that
time $3.50 so; disbursements, $3.50 90 Number or
members in good standing 1880 At the last quarterly
meeting Of the delegates IL resolved that the lave
severng tine Brooklyn and New-1ork Pohce should mo-
oerate 10 the disadvantages Of the Association, which
will continue ~ he composed Of the same members as
heretofore All persons, therefore within the DOunua-
res lately known a. the Metropolitan Police District
who have been members OF the Association, VIII continue
10 be such If they desire and the power of TINS eet
LENT charitable organization 10 do good Will not D"
ken Uel
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
NETWORK DAILY TRIBUNE, MONDAY, APRIL II, 1870

The Rev. Dr Mcsweeny celebrated High MaS AZ lOi
O'clock the Very Rev Father Stars " g. preac he'd
sqrmon explanatory of the observance Of the day AT
4 D. m there were vespers and Lenten instruction by
Father STAIRS. .
At Anthony's Church In suiyan-st the blessing of
the palms took place Immediately before the Solemn
High Mass which commenced at IOi o'clock IN. Three
priests sang the Passion ard the whole service was most
ritual. , ,, =, -, i,
The order of the principal exercises during Holy Week
will he wednesday eyeung at "a O'Clock, singing OF the
office OF the Tenebrae which viii be repeated ON Thurs
dy and Friday evenings ~ the same hour; Holy Thurs
day at lOI a. m, solemn High Mass, during which ~l
take place the Procession attending the Blessed sacr
ment after which will be performed nn ~ Ahthohy
excusyey far has been iearned) the interesting
ceremony ~ the washing Of feet in coninemoratOn Oh
Jes. washing the feet OF his disciples. ON Wednesday
Thursday and Saturday there viii be solemn Hg Mass
each day No Mass will be offered on Friday, the only
day in the year when the sacrifice Is omitted -.
At the Church Of ". Andrews, Duane@st, the pasDr
Father Curran, blessed the PALM and there was solemn
High Mass at l0i a. M one priest rcal tn - ~, -
English at the time that the celeDrant AT the Sh
Mass read IL in Latin.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
THE NISETTENTH-sT. GANG.

Soon after p. IN. yesterday, Patrolman Wal
ter Grier Of the Twenty niuth Precinct arrested
Thomas II Quinn. alias Smith, noted young riiian' re-
siding 1T No l43 West Nneteenthst who was conduct
ing himself in a disorderly at the corner OF Sew
euhave and Niueteeuth-st The officer started WIN MS
prsonrr for the Thftethst Police station, followed bF
noisy and disOrGerly crowd. who Orcasionhily threw
stones al him PatrOnan Elliott III. SEE on post III the
neghisirhOOd, came tO lns cOmfades assistance, ana
aided in beating back the crowd, but stones con
tpued 10 be freely thrown. AT twenty y AtHot
Ortrer s.s, was hit in the back % the mead, ana
feled annse.ess to the pavement. Olcer GfieF heiu
faet 10 hs prisoner and remaining beside the lIo-tfate
man beat back the clorsly pressing croHi. ITO was
tr1Iek s.verl tiins but not seriously hurt IN the
mean time word had been brought O. inc Stdt"nhonse
y two oys that all had been killed. and sergeant
at once sent platoon of men to the tc'e
Officer carried % the Stailon hou', t"eetntr
With the prsoner POceSLrgeOn kleIrted dIt bsed Tins
vvannd OF OFFICER aud restorrd him 20 c1lcO,is i
and he was then taken home to No 2e5 West Iniryhrs
"A Tbe affair created the most intense excitement,
crowd of several huIdred people having gathered around
the station House
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
TEMPERANCE AT COOPER INSTITUTE.

Every seat was filed in the large hall OF
Cooper Union last evening at the mass temperance meet
ing of tine weekly series taking place there ste
phen Merritt IT, g. ". p, presided, as usual r J.
Barnum was introduced and said in substance that he
was tired Of trying TO show everybody what everybody
knows-that two and two make four 1t Is evident that
every one wants to make himself happy and comforta-
ble and there are many ways by which men think they
NAV attain that end but temperance is really the only
road 1t been said that habit IL second to natire
said the speaker but think VIII DE easily SHOWN tt
IL il oftener stronger than nature ltseii, esIeeaty
in the habit Of indulgng IN drink ana ne
then to 1yer Shfw s vSm aEd
h- position citing tobacco There was not one con
frned he Ssa' I wS o are Of
two knds-natural and unnatural The first Is whoie,
some and easily satisfied. When we eat nutritious food
can never he satisfied. That is the difference cray
ing for narcotics stnulants victim will tell YOU
can he quenched, and Is always incfesSlns i y
Nearly s6OOOOOOO worth Of intoxicating liquors are
drank In this country annually, he said, or in other
words drink up the whole United states and az lts
pe aupally de drunkards death; yet there are fresh
recruits take their places, because the chdten oi
drunkards are left the legacy Of their parents
would only not teach ther SONS ana usIgh1eIs
10 follow in their footsteps, We could gay
let the besOtted die of and better men Will take
their The speaker then endeayored 10 snow the
truth OF Father Mathews doctrine that incompetence
the parent OF all vice, by reading rom nhe ofcl
report Of the superintendent OF the Poor OF Nnead n
j. a Temperance settlement OF lgtvC ptOple' UuilhS
s months not one person received relief at the hands OF
this official Only arrest took place during the year
police force that year Si5l This Was contrasted
with the speakers native town, mel Conn., hen Was
burened with $4,000 debt kept large police force De
cause OF large number OF giIh0ps, ana had one lhceh
diary fire per week. Mr.. Barnuin continued al some
length nterSpcrsing his remarks VITA nlhprovoAlhs
anecdotes Mr. W. r. Corsar Of Missouri also addressed
thc meeting.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
so REST FOR A METHODIST BISHOP.

The Office of Bishop in the NJ. L. Church is
no slnecure. At a. IL. yesterday there was Love
Feast in the Seyenthst NJ L. Church. At 1oi o'clock
Bishop Ames notwithstanding his continuous labOrs at
the Conference for four days previous In the church.
gave out 1ssth psalm, read the 18th chapter OF
Romans and preached eloquent sermon OF more than
an hours duration from what would seem one or the
most barren passages la the Bible the aforesaid chapter
There j. diversity Of opinion, he SAID, on
the inspiration OF the Bible. Many accept only
"A OF IL. But there Is this dlffcuty
in sitting in Judgment tie word Of God. that those
who claim o. discriminate must claim at least equal IN
spiration with the author OF that Book. one would
hardly undertake to criticize NewtOns Prneid unless
he were mathematician. Even though the scriptures
read taught nothing but courtesy ye courtesy very
importaut element in helping along the mission OF
life At times the eOngro cation were forced To sne at
times melted to tears.
At the conclusion the Bishop ordained the following
candidates for deacons' orders: Edward II. butcher,
John j. Reed George T. Maines, d. McMulien, Robert +.
Christopher The Church packed. Again. at night,
I'm the FOrsyth-street NJ T. Church, the lndefatgabe
Bishop hand and conferred ordination as elders
on the following gentlemen: spencer II. Bray, George
III Anderson, Thomas n. Lame, VIM ". MEG wire, John
H. stansbury, John DickensOn, Edward L. Bray, c. W.
Church, W T. Webster, J.. F. Hadley, j. u MuAsoh,
EObt W. Jones, A. ~ smart
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
LABOR MOVEMENTS.

The strike of the cigar makers against re-
ductun ~ wages continues The number of men "out "
A. bcrccn 100 ard 800 majority ~ these have found
cmpIo, ,Inent IA the Emaer shops Two employers vino
who Lad cut down wages restored The old rates last
week. and one new shop placed on strike. The
tourney men IganZing a cooperative ASSOCIATION Tor
the miuuacture of ciaI. The capital stock s $j,S,
divided fAto gsO0 shaIcs at $40 each. Ten per cent
OF the value oi the shares viii De paid dividend TO
tookhser AT the close Of the year. the rem nder
IL lie crtdted ths men, their share in the enter
prise 4 large amount vf shares lave already been
disposed Of.
There are about 800 uphOlsterers in this
city, whose average earn nCs are about 81 per wees
Beng dls lt s1ed with tIs clmpCnfltOn, the ht arc
moving Or Increase. Fsyeral strikes have Oceufie eu
AID tie result seems 10 encourage the men In tAs
section.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
ANNA DICKINSON AND SENATOR REyELs IN
PHILADELPHIA.

Miss Anna Dickinson referred, during her
lecture in Philadelphia Thursday night to the refusal
by the Trustees OF the Academy Of Music to allow sea-
tor Reves 10 speak in the building She had heard Of the
refusal she said In faro cities; the had brought
blush to her check but she had said that dozen men
could represent her own city, and that Phlladepla
renton would he redeemed ON the 1ith Of this month
referred to the recent action OF the medical stu
dents the clinics, which she thought was not ndorsed
y IeOple rat large At the conclusion Of Miss Dickinson
lecture series OF stereptcan portraits OF distinguished
men and women was exhibited To the audience The Sc
res incndcd al the lectures OF the star course"
which has been very popular during the winter
fiIoweI bv several Others, and concluding with that
of senator Revels. This picture greeted with hsses
well cheers, and scene OF Wild confusion followed
Miss Dickinson stepped to the 'front.' or the stage and
said as soon she could be- heard: since am at home
viii take the liberty OF saying one word for the benefit
OF those who kissing. Since they anfesty nave te
right in their to applaud would suggest that the
opportunity be given them by presentation of PIC
tfe of Senator Reyels predecessor Jefferson Davis"
Thi. sally greeted by loud applause ana the hssers
Iore reduced 10 silence Announcement was then made
that senator Reyels would lecture next Thursday night
IN Horticultural Han. This announcement Was Sreoteu
with repeated cheers.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
TIE NEW CITY OF BREsLAU.

A meeting of the Breslau Cooperative Build
ing Association composed of German mechanics who
are desirous of building city adjoining the property OF
A. T. Stewart at Hampstead, L. L. TO be named Bresau,
was held yesterday afternoon at the Gymnasium In Law
iugtonst Brooklyn The Society IL composed OF sec
tGu3 containing $50 members each, or 500 lnterests'
ath Interest represents from $500 u SeO The follow
FIchs; Vice President, Mr. stOlz; Secretary, Mr..
F1ight: Treasurer Richard d. Plate who s also Chair
man of the Huding Committee. The Treasurer reports:
Total receipts Ss 40; expenditures, sJ9 81; IN bank
sS IL wss agreed that any member might bulld ns
own hons. and lumber from the Society AT cos
u.ce. Building Committee were empowered 10 II,
ccive payments I'm New-iorE as Wen a. Brsokyh'
letter rom Gov Hoffman read assnting 10 lay the
fist si lone ia this city Maya.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11

Cn II moved 2oo in casterly direction; AZ 2O' % eno
white eoual 10 Alpha yrgnis, shot N.hH 10 hOin b'''
Ursae MinOrts
An internperate man named Peter McCoWr,
lat evening ie dead ia store At the eorD'i VI '
and WasbingtOn-sts. 40
The body of an unknown man, age aDOn. 81
years having black hair ard whiskers, ana wealihs ~
clothing fOund last evening IN the NVf1h h''i y"
the foot ef Desbrosscs-st
Patrolman Jones OF the Twentieth Preolhct
accidentally dropped his pistol last evening Whis ~.
patrol duty The fol- the payet3it ain ~
Discharged and the ball od ycd ~ BIZ night ancie Is
taken 10 the Thirty fftb-st Police ntau0n' "h'i'
Surgeon Frazer extracted the ball
The Captain of the brig SenOrita- when az.
Baltimore last December, with william Howard, coz
Ored cook. and John MOrteler, seaman AftHr DoIhs
at ses few dsys. the cook hegan Ia act IN strsnb'
manner. and morning he attacked hcrtsher ~l'b
hatchet and buried u in his skull Ire captain came on
deck lust IN time the manLsc throw tne gnYerh
body into the Before he could e secured &c eaeu
over the bulwarks and was drowned
On the evening of the 2eth inst, the new
Station Hnusc of tlo Twenty Precinct Ponce
Cart Francis : speight wiz be thrown 1Ren y ts Pr,
lie for nsn.cton IL T. at tine ~ Church and Lab
ertysts + Eve stories In hight, and has oeen eee'ly
fitted up. II originally LED as wseu"iss' T'ss
purchased for s4OOO and altered at cot OF Npo I've
frsf floor contains large office and the ryos oi THO
CAPTAIN aud Sergeant aud n the rear tie nttngr"h
of the patrOlmeA In the basement are the cells oa.b
roorn closets, and the lodgtDgrO0n Jne secola anu
Tie fourth and NTH drill rooms, and VIII c"nla ~
gymnasium Altogether tne stat on H0use VII epi re
fayoraby with any in the city 10 Will De tahen i"S-
sion vi by the police on MAY j.
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
EXCLUSION OF THE COLORED VOTE N CIRCLE
NIIIE- OHIO. BY DEMoCRATs.

A correspondent of The Ciaeianai Gazette
In CiTeyille. Ohio. writes a. follows: An atrocioas
piece Of political scoundeisn was enacted IN TINS CITY AZ
Inc election Monday last ON Sunday night the lead
of the Democracy in secret eaucHf and resolved
taf under no circumstances should the cOlOred vote
Amounting $780, be received; and 20 attain that end
without legal responsibility, all the Democratic council
men OF sthel several wards, with one exception, Ue-
cued serving IN order make for judges of ne tcr
per-pnal or pecuIary standing. Let II be observed tht
The city DennrrBtic by 300 majority that all OF the
Councrnen OF that party, and hence II was easy 70
organize this scheme OF ylaIny Accordingly on MOD,
day the Republicans found the programme fuIy carried
out and e judges in charge OF the polls OF sueh c
acer Az 10 render an action Of damages Impossible In
1ediatey after the opening Of the polls, the coored
men offered their ballots, which we're promptly refused
ON the ground that the Judges had official evidence OF
the ratification Of the Fifteenth Amendment and aiso
hecsll-c, a. they alleged, the Constitution ana
laws of Ohio forbid negroes from voting mere 1tt
notwithstanding the fact that the judges com
mitted deliberate perjury and admitted that they Were
Ol..ving the political advice Of the leaders, VINO were
hidden behind the screens and we're acting a. the tOo
nf midnight e0nspIrators have no remedy al Jaw
"A sut for perjury were commenced we are confronted
by a Democratic prosecuting attorney, Democratic
t-raud Jury, and Democratic petit jury, usually COM
posed OF about ten Democrats 20 TWO Republicans.
fut fuf damages would share the same late; 80 tt we
are 80 absolutely without remedy and liable next al 20
have the same rascTy pcrnetrared again II 'ngfeas
No glecis t. iuterposs by law OF exemplary penalties
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
The Hiram NJ. Cool has commenced her trips

The Hiram NJ. Cool has commenced her trips
for tle season between th.- city and Flusblns.
The election for City officers takes place
tomorrow No nomination for Mayor has yei hecn made
ly the Democrats, and John c. codhngfon, the heuh
cIn candidate aad Present incumbent Will doubtless he
elected
The steamship De SOTO, Capt. Morton. OF
livingston, Fox Co.'S Line ol Layaugund NrN-'rtahs
Packets. lelt Havana Al ri az -. H.. ac am "a az
her dock the 1DtA at i IA, niaiA tie shA ia "a"
remarkably short limo %! . dai and ~ Lo,r.
number OF mptcoIs were visible on Satrr-
dlV morning. tnc gl-fiL were cuulied tti-hlrf tth
n..rt ut tae third uIdr of magtIthc Al io !. h. F"
large whole uetcoF seomil GID a. lafeo - Apbt ~ '
shot luV tho alOauIAIs ~ DUIaL " nJTL4ss OI Los'
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
srABBtyG AFFRAY IN BROOKLYN.

About 81 o'clock yesterday morning, Michael
Dowd. residing in Hicks Ml-st.. and James Gro
gan residing Luqueerst, near Hicks, while intox-
Gated became engaged in brutal tight at the corner OF
Inaueer and Hcks-sts Grogan drew knife and cut
Dowd in shocking about the face and head the
Lnife was driven into DOWds mouth ON the right side,
seyerng the upper the lower jaw, entirely to the
ear The left ear also almost cut on Gro
an was ar ested and conveyed to the Fortytrd sub
Precinct station Dowd's wounds were dressed and ne
was taken to the l.. I. College Hospital
New-York tribune., 1870-04-11
PALM erNnAY-notY WEEK.

The peuitensial season Of Lent. which occu-
mics 40 uromincnta place in the Catholic ecclesiastical
wear. s drawing 10 o close. Yesterday wrs Fhun aair
day 40 called from the blessing and Distribution oi the
palm which takes place on thnt day. Ile Ira'u'' ms
iccu observcd iu the Catholic Church frm the cill''t
o iu c0murnnrtflOu Of the cutrL oi th' savior lh -
J,r talrIn, when thc same people Nhp ieN ui. @
,-Trf erur.frd lLi went nul cAulitsy ln h''t Hi'
I'll. -iuv hoaluua-. nud strrvlHF theH ffi"th' uHh
t,puD-ilrauctrs boz Hi- way Tor hiutF , ,,...t.
. IN sf IutIItts cathedral, tif c'foh'Hf ~
Tho p.la commented YsAleEdi u4oTDlii- @s' ssios-'