The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1870-10-27


If It does, the functions Of the jury are much more
restricted than with us.
to have the opinion the expert on the actual case
in hand, IL used TO be, Instead of on hYpotheti
cal case. Another Improvement would be to have
all the Questions put TO the expert In writing and
the answers returned in writing, after the manner
OF a deposition. This would avoid the evil arising
from questions that are unexpected and must be
answered withoutdue delberation. It would also
brow.beating and side issues. Another improve
ment would be for judges to support the honest, in
telligent expert, as far as mag be consistent with
their duty, and abstain from assuming the evidence
OF the expert themselves.
'Iuternatiopnl I.dys,r,ai 1s Co@petiiion,' by
The second essay of the morning session was by
Joseph Wharton, Esq., of Philadelpnia, on Inter-
national Industrial Competition. The following is
The Manchester school of political economists persist
affairs upsn the assumption that the entire race Of man
s but band Of byOther who, though they may be acc
srap6cai expressioas Untst states Of America Ess.
peratey upon accession fer the purpose Of asgrasdis
ing or one or another Ct these groups are
cerned, really a single family. and ought in all
ordinary times the nations act upon each other to dsre
nHlnd woud sse SSdordng to this School, % 9eas
that s1o5 nd 90 one % them should pro
should make tools clothing aad that the individuals
in carrying their products across land and sea to
TRACE tRem freely wn members 9 ct the
of labor the nations be founded deepest
yened by neradica6e human characteristics as to be
These questions cannot be properly answered without
consideration many collateral points, and particularly,
IL i 5sht for gersoas form themselves
other strangers carefully hedging themselves about
and Jealous not only of their territory but also Of Their
should all barriers be broken down, aud mankind be
If the grouping into nations be permissible is it right
for each nation to endeavor to be sefsup
should certain of them permanently subjected to
others by dependence upon those otners Tor
pensabe to human or comfort which they could
II again may properly ;orm nations, should the
sS sS
and no conditions upon Aliens IN so far as trade
Surprising for arguments sake the universal brother
hood theory to be abstracty aurng that nation
and aliens alike matters of trade but should find that
by t hostile of y% SSe5 d soPs 0 its
ployment its money drawn away its finances crippled
tinue in the policy of defenseless confidence, ought
protect itself from such trade nVasOnS BY lifting Iossa
g. supposng the right of a nation to be undeniabe as
regards other nations to protect itself by expeden
the right as between its own citizens TO aid some at the
expense Of others in order that the whole nation
nance and Independence!
of the Government towards its sns to give ali neces
sary aid and support at the common cost to such
main, and fortiy its Independence,
enormous Transportation Of raw mater from the ends
S pd h s S there IN to 9e
again thus establishing among the nations somothng
sed nc neG ndydm which
insist npon Ss s Se W Of OSr s
the correct rule for international trade inoulcate really
sound policy for the guidance of nations in their dealings
Regarding the present condition of things in protective
tariff legislation, the following is proposed remedy
Let Commission % S Of be created
charged with constant oversight of the changing coud
for the nroducton Of oi industries
here or are merely seen to feasible and desirable
permanent Commission is preferable oa Bureau being
attractive 70 a higher order of capacity
Of whom shoild have practical experience
a9s 9s % mo
chney and practice of collecting CUSTOMS by intelligent
ton and precedent in this and other countries is also
Let them be empowered to hear during of oon
all Of parties desiring changes in the
more thorough Investigation Let them hear all cases of
and have power to summon witt How much may be-
effected by this means Is partly ri by thy results
Means during the summer and fall Of 1859. .
cept from this commission which should make at the
BY foin Of law, the latter embodsng ali changes they
deem desirable and the former giving as briefly as pos
alton.
full regulations for carrying into effect all laws relating
the imposition or &c collection Of import duty The Larger
tens which extend to the alteration rates could
sacn Commission Consisting Of sacsntiy intelligent
to them sease Of them oa oouuts
exerSisng their powers with sympathy for the producers
Tspaciiy. Or any sloSsniy n @.Psi$etaIsr any nor en-:
ss msreb 70 ndusrsi scienee bas BECOME ant
quatsa and holding thsmseiy.s well ia check BY
except for very sufficient ressen-would certainly com
By It's
1t would relieve Congress Of of the most
n Il hs h
Treasury Department somewhat as has been done by
would give most desirable stability tariff system
"rhe Theory OF the civil service,' by Brin-
ton Coke, Esq, of PhiindeiDhia.
The third paper OF to-day's morning session was
"Review Of Won Mohl's Essay upon the Different
Methods OF Filling the Oifices OF the Civil Service"
by Brnton Coke ESQ.,, OF this city.
The views OF this distinguished German publicist
named upon this question will be found in the third
volume p. 1853, OF his collection of monographs,
entitled "Staatsrecht Voekerecht, und Politlk"
Tuebingen, 1860, 1862
The following is a condensation OF the review OF
his theories presented to the association by Mr..
COXe:-
In the modern State the offices OF the public ad-
ministration may be filled In three fundamentally
dlllerent ways:LFlrst by systematically arranged
eTnment, either with or without legally secured
tenure of ofice. Secondly. BY officials CHOSEN by
election either upon democratic or aristocratic
basis. Thirdly by intrusting local oflices TO unpaid
volunteer oncias upon the principles OF the institu
ton OF local selgoyernment In ethe its arstoeratic
but our subject confined TO those usual in modern
times.
The transaction OF public business by professional
organs OF the public power is in existing States the
most frequently occurring system, for it is to be
found even where others are in part used It is
howe ver necessary TO bear n mind that this system
in two distinct FORMS the difference between
which depends upon the question whether the pub
lie officials do do not possess legal right to re
tain their places during good behavior, aud legal
claim TO pensions for themselves and their families