New-York tribune., 1870-11-15

child OF the excellent training which the state mas pro
stands in loco PARENTS and this ia what You chiey heed
toperfect your educational system ,.,-,.,. ,oo.rso
am satisfied your country possesses the meas hu a. ~, ~
opportunity OF becoming first IN inellectna, a. IT,, ~
external enemies wasted years OF mlltary malihs
are required from the nations youth Beneae"s ~ bs Us
N0OO0O0O in two years, for the advancement ol lh
higher branches Of education evidences gener9sl,y anu
an r 81 n ory Free schools free
colleges and free universities are sources OF hiuonh
boundless praires. Events present 10 eVeig ,i u h
this Not the needle gun but nSne. o ap A8sriaS
savan in &C. Jules Simon in addressing me a,ion
Chambers two years ago, said, SHOW me ,ne I na,ior
nation. II the world does not acknowledge t9is Az
1t will do 40 Tomorrow How propHHeuic VI Ia Fpance
moralization which ignorance has ehtiieu olon fa"o
THE CIVIL SERVICE.
have been requested sy few words on recent I'M
portant changes in the mode Of appointing our CVl ser
vice. At the close Of the last and the opening o the
present century, English politics attained the CLIMAX o'
corruption. Under the administrations OF Waloe bute
and North members Parliament did not scruple 10 re-
eeiye the reward OF their oDSelues 70 to his ~ hnJ
Ministers in bannOtes. Offices, OF course were gODD.a
tresses Si in the corrupt days OF English poll
tics. there good feature IN the appointments 10
ing life or good behavior. The appoint9es OF
one set OF corrupt politicians were conpeIed 70
order to retain their places when the opposing party sue
ceeded office often they were very good seryanis.
the passing Of the first Reform hi offices were the re-
ward Of political services and very feluenty o POM, ,
into round holes and round men put mo slc M nue., =,
m hole was made 10 m the man Mr. Bright charsc-
erZed civil and military services as system OF OUT
door relief for the arstocracy. As consequence John
Bull paid dearly for his servants very badly served
and found his taxation and expenditure steauiy rvs
ing You will all be familiar with Dick description
in Little Dorrit OF the Barnacles Of the Crcun0cu,
ton Ofce-what CONSERVATION and disgust were e1cteu
know S~G Had Mr. Dickens been spared months
longer he might have written the epitaph Oh ths Bar
The Postal service the frat to be rescued from the
influence OF politics. When Sl Rowland Hl Introduced
those great reforms which nave tnahstu tne Pi Psi
tariffs OF the world, he found success would enuby
depend upon his ability TO secure the best possible 90
mnlstative talent. To this end political appointments
were abolished. the selection OF suitable officers was
and good only required IA the tests for promotion
What is the consequence The Postal Department Is 40
well served any private firm IN Great BIltalh' "a
believe should be justified in saying better seryedJ II
is the one department OF which all EnGlshnen mr.. eIe
and dispatch. II has been able to 20 on seady WIN
reductions and reforms During the piesen, @ SeaI ~
pers up to six ounces 10 halfpenny. III denEers All
printed circulars not sealed at the same ctr8e IL p
Vide cards a inches by g. which, including TIE card
II haa reduced the rate on continental postage,
and all are looking forward 10 the time when II VIII gle
penny postage. IL gives money oIlsIs, aet
a national savings bank, conveys books, ana gives
host OF other facilities Ii mas recently purchased an te
telegraph and reduced the rates 30 per cent ana WIZ
shortly further reduce them 1t took int' ITS employ az
the operators without any inquiry into Their politics IL
subsidies feet ~ more than $50 steamships ana ater
paying ali expenses Of every description 1t hands over
about SGOO0OOO annually as profit to The National EA
chequer.
am sure you will agree with me that it would not do
all this il it, contracts and subsidies jODbed. and It's
army officials entirely under political control The
civil of India the next To be emancipated,
and here the competitive system was hrs introduced
The success was very marked ana nave neaId or -
Treyclyan, formerly Governor OF one o me lhian
denotes speak OF It's results with something Ike enthul
asm. Advanced Liberals both III ana OUT Oh tht house
OF Commons have for years urged its general adoption
Three four months their advocacy was nccessu
g lie car7Cre OUrert dlT talents" became reality Inc
competitive system was adopted a. the test 9i illness lor
official employment, aud stand before you Tue fsprsth
tai i've OF the largest constituencies IN EAghhd
without the power 10 Influence In the smallest degree
the appointment OF a Custom-House officer or an
exciseinan. rejoice in this for several reasons,
personal and public PersonOy' say no fepteseItalNe
can be strictly Independent VINO tOuis aIter the EAtc
tive for appointments. No man can efficiently serve nus
constituents and his country, whose time Is occupied and
mind harassed by hunting after and dispensing patron
age He knows that for every office he bestows, he Is
pretty sure 10 make ninety lne enemies ana one lleaF
The Duhc sti more potent. Ihe prizes OF
rank or social position The child Of the poor with
brains has the same chance as the son oi peer Inc
nit DO ncfsa in TIE highest degree. When is once
that the Of the artisan may snatch the prize
from his noble competitors, parents Will be more willing
to make sacrifices for tse education OF their children
Not only will the winners be rewarded, but the un,
successful VIII be gamers in intelligence and intellectual
force. The nation will gain every way III VIII secure
honest and competent servants whose tenure of Office
and promotion viii solely dependent upon merorous
service and when representatives are chosen hO ior
what they get or can give, but Tor ther khoWedse
of political science, and their power anu disposition 10
the fltlerlaud, higher tone may be 70
peryade the circle Of politics.
CAPITAL AND LABOR
The relations OF Capital and Labor is the question 20
which invite your attention. and would ask you TO
consider the conditions under which approach the
luton Of this and all other social problems az compared
with yourselves You are old people in new coun
try possessed OF all the experience which centuries OF
European success and failure have given you fou
have no trammes OF caste, prejudice, or ancient IN
stitution remaining. to overcome Above You nave
the command of resources 50 vast that they hre
as yet even unknown to yourselves, anu gen
erations Of well remunerated industry VIII he
required tO develop them We on the contrary are III
an old country, where all the resources OF nature are
already appropriated Nlefe laws uadltplS, InsiIlu
tiOns require bc changed. Where We cannot build up
without fir pulling down; and cannot pn down without
inictnR injury and loss somewhere We nave oId WRONGS
to redress old negects to repair Old class prences ana
distinctions 10 remove. more lnaa az W. & nav az as,
population in sea girt fortress without power 0i eA
tension or expansion. The area Of England and Wafes
az YOU know, less than that OF Newlork ana Penn
sylyania and this limitation Of territory while II greatly
enhances the dhcutes Of our problems renders their
house and We must learn TO live together in peace and
amity otherwise the happiness oi the entire iay VIII
be in jeopardy - -.
The tendency OF industry everywhere is TO locaze it
self We have our and coal districts, cotton
and our wooden districts. Ribbons are only made In
Coventry cutlery III Sheffield, lace In Nottingham
Wherever numbers cOngegated engaged in the
industry community interest and sentiment is certain
sooner or LATER bring them into a-sociaton Trades
Unions the natural They are not
and wherever legislation has attempted 10 deprive work
men OF right of combination, conspring and out
age- have invariably followed Combination Is good IN
itself II wisely directed 1t is only 10 be deprecated when
the means IL employs and the ends az which IT
not conformed order and good government IL is alas
too true Trades have often been managed by
misguided men, have aimed at impraccable and injurious
have stopped 10 intimidation, ana crime
I'm NV country believe these evil days are fast passing
away The spirit Of intelligence and the growth OF
coJeration arbitration and Industrial partnerships are
raising the condition OF the workmen making more plea
SAINT the relations betwxt the employer and the EN-
ployed narrowing the area OF strife, and rendering
strikes Less frequent ana less aggravated
In All the large wellcOnGucted Trades Unions OF En-
gland strikes OF occurrence and very