davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
Ant,dote. anu Po,son..

The following list gives soms Of the more
common Po sons, and the remedies most like.
ly TO be at band in case Of need. The d.
rections may be old. but in case you get
good strong dose Of poison down, you will
not object to q cure on account of It's age
Acids These cause great heat and sensa
ton Of burning pain from the mouth do wn
to the stomach. Remedies: Magnesis, soda
pearsash, or soal dissolved In water then
use the stonacL-pump or emetics.
Alkalies. The best remedy is vinep,
Ammonia. Remedy: Lsmonjuice,
egar.
Alcohol. First cleanse out
by an emetie, then dash cold %
head, and give ammonia (sp ts-
horn
Arsenic. Remediel: 4rst place
evacnate the stomach, 10 &c the Whit,
Of eggs iime-water, of kaIk and water
charcoal, and the prepsEtiols Of iron, parsi
culsriy hydrate.
Lead, white lead sad sugar Of lead. Rem
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15

The follo~ing beautiful pas age is BY the
Rev. J. +. Corning. 1t will be appreciated
by ali "brain workers."
"While sit at my study table With my
pen in hand, the fingers moving with tsrdy
pace at the beekon Of brain, hear right be
low nv window in the adjacent 6eid, the
monotonous ring Of q laborer's hoe upon the
cornhIIls.
"While be hoes. be Whistles hour by hour
till the clock strikes twelve, and then With
ravenous appetite repairs 20 bis bodntiful
yet simple meal, only to resums bis task
again, and pursue il Till the setting Of the
sun.
"As stood at the window watching hi.
toll, and turned again to my pen paper, !
asked myself how It happens, that the N a
With the hoe will labor bis eight or ten
hours a-day with less fatigue than the man
with his pen v Il toll b 10 three or four
"Hugh Miller was q great worker with the
shovel and pick-would have made good
hand in a slate quarry, in grading a railroad
or digging canal but one night, a. y 9
know, he shot himself in . &c 81 nervous
lever.
"What was the d.ifsrencs between the
kNcwh kcutOktot nu0 LnHH Win Tue DOe
rbistling under nv windowP
"Simple this the forI-sr was q worker
Of brain, and the latter q worker Of muscle.
"Let this man with the hoe lav down bls
husbsndry for liItle time, ami set himself
TO studying ono Of the sslks Of corn, or the
chemistry OF one OF those bills OF soil, and
very likely be would soon learn what il 10
to lose ones appetite, and hear the clock
strike nearly all the hours in feverish wake
fulness.
Sand thus we get at great organic Law
Of our being, to wit that brain work sub
tracts vitality fro = the fountain, while mus
Gle work opIY makes draughts upon one Of
the ramifying streams OF life.
''ls is estimated by scientific observers,
that man will use up as much vital force
in working his brain two hours, as he wIl
IN working his muscles eight."-Hyeisni,
advocate.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15

tce sea in shallow bays and hafbors. ID Il
connected with Lake Huron by the ST. Clsil
river and Lake, q shallow erpanse Of water
twenty miles wide, and BY Detroit river.
Lake Ontario is $50 miles in length and 55
in breadth, containg $500 square miles. I;
10 connected with Like Erie by the Niagara
river, and also by the Wslland Canal, which
admits the passage Of vessels or large bur
den This lake lies at lower level thar
the others, being only go feet above the
sea. Ii 10, however, about 500 feet ID
depth.
The presence of this great body Of water
mcdi6es the range Of the Thermometer, les
sening th . intensity Of the cold in winter and
OF the heat 10 summer, and gives tempera-
ture more uniform on the Lake coasts than
= found IN corresponding latitude on the
Mississippi
The difference between the temperatur.
Of the air aud that of the Lakes gives rise
20 variety Of optical illusions, known a.
mirage.
Mountains are seen with inverted cones
headlsnds project from the shore where none
EXIT islands clothed with verdue CT giri
With cliffs, rise up from the bosom OF the
lake, remain awhile, and disappear. Hardly
q day passes. during tho summer, without q
more or less striking exhibition OF this kind
The same phenomena OF rapidly varying
refraction may often be Witnessed st sunset,
when the sun, sinking into the lake, undef =
goes n most striking series OF changes. Al
one moment il is drawn out into . pear like
shape tie next Il takes &C ellipsi,sl sorm
and just ~ it disappears, the upper part o.
its disk becomes elons ated ilto . ribbon Of
light, which seems 20 fosi for a moment up
on the surface of the water.
Thunder storrss ~ great violence are noi
unusual, &! sudden gusts OF wind spring
up on the likes, and those Who navigate
them pass sometimes instantaneous y from
a current Of air blowing briskly ID one d.
recsioa into ore blowing With equal force
from the opposite quarter The lower sails
or q vessel are sometimes becalmed, while q
smart brerss fills the upper.
The storms which sgiJats the L skes, bougu
less violent than the typhoons " the lodiar
Ocean or BE hurricanes of ths Atl.ntic, are
still very dangerous TO mariners; and, 0w-
ing to the want Of sea room, and the scarci-
" Of good harbors, shipwrecks are hut too
common, and frequently attended with much
loss OF hte. A short, ugly sea gets a. very
quickly after the viod begins 10 blIS aard
and subsidies with equal cslerily shsn The
wind goes down.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
Written foE ths ApvOcArs.
y OR's CHAMPION.


Respectfully dedicated 70 Mr. AleKAnder Mcdonald
Esq. President the Miners ,tionAl Assertion.
Grest tain. a small Of he auth rs high e.
tesm ana fritadship.l
SEE LaSor's Champion, sor seontendng,
Who asLts for the down.tfodden toers the "hllei
Whose lies who'll, spen, hsir condition amending.
D,sp.tc every sAnderer tha. would him revile.
suii vii hs struggle, thoash on dssppsintedi
stIll viii be battle for justice and right
Ever tbe foremost By Nature appointed.
TO ESD tens Of Thousands to JTsssio'a and light.
Though often subdued, yet uncgLgsersd he rises.
Vith courage and might driving calamity 90
Ingenious the schemes for their good be dsvi.es.
And strcnuoasiy urges their action thereon.
what though deserted hs aTsior unfAiEng
re sinl to the eange Ne has v-ddsd proves true
Treschery hid, nor conceitedness falling,
San never Induce him the cause 70 esebew.
Heaven bora spirit inspires his ~ndsAvora,-
Uuswerving unhnehnE, from fro,on T,0arvi
Hin Duly aad Truth assp2Onmest ne'er sewers
X looks bus h Heaven @ reap ~ -swEd.
Hesvea is true sithough man ~, .-stefui.
There Is tae zeal Of the faifA rai r,vsred
The claims o. The vicious-the faise and dreshfsl.
Az sre reiected-each ICaps his reward.
Cheer then thoa aobs, Though 81 should iOrsske gca
Thy suchor is hKd IN haven seeure
Steer Thy course End when death sha ertaae yon
Toy glory bseiHs-irn mortality
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
MAI RITY EEPORT
or FHE
WORKINGS OF TRADES UNIONS
OBJECTS OF TRADES UNIONS,
METHOD OF ATTAINMENT-
ROYAL COMMISSIONERS.
LIMITING rHE SUPPLY OF LAB lR

OBJECTS UF TRADES UNIONS, AND
METHOD OF ATTAINMENT
LIMITING The SUPPLY OF LABOR.
(S5 Tie right TO limit the supply Of la
bor in given trade, and so to raise the rate
Of wages, is distinctig claimed BY some OF
the unionists NJ tkinson, the SECRETARY
Of the National Flint Glassmakors' q Friendly
Society, says Iqu. l5.7lO: The linita-
ton Of apprentices is simply because we con-
sIder that, as working men, who have been
brought up in the trade and devoted a nun.
ber OF years to learn il we have a
right, in . certain measure, to limit the sup
ply ~ accordance with what the demand NAV
Dr." And Mr.. Shree7e, the Secretarv 0f the
Pr'n.sri Machine M4nagers Trade Soafety.
3. tqa. I9, ,S49J :--s' Tue way 10 which We
look a. taia apprentice question, is simply
tbis--5hat We Eave served our time 10 a bu-
siness, and we wish to get respectable liv-
ing by it. We know that if there are four
men 20 do two mems work, the wages must
come down."
RkPL0YMEsT OF WOMEN.
(36-j On the same ground, objection ia
sometimes made TO the employment OF wo-
mSn in certain kinds Of work, A union OF
Wrappers 10 Manchester refused co ALLOW the
wife and sisters vf one of their members TO
warp. lt vas against their rules" they
said, :" TO allow women to warp, for il wo-
men were introduced into their market. the
wages Of the men would be reduced"
MONOPOLY OF TEE WORK OF A DISTRICT.
l31) Sometimes the monopoly Of the
work Of district has been attempted. A
society Of brickmakers, In Manchester, a.
stated in ihs report Of the Examiners into
that district, Z" claim an extent 0; four miles
round Manchester, in every direction, an
area Of l2O square miles, as their peculiar
district, within the limits OF which they per-
nit no bricks 20 be made except BY Man
chester union men, nor any bricks 70 be used
except those made within the dissri .t. TAsy
accomplish the lattsr object BY ..sans Of "a
alliance with the Manchester Bricklayers,
Union, the members Of which will not Get
anJ bricks not made within the above amed
DISTRICT Lsseashalme ~ claimed BY both
the Ma achsrter AID Stockport Uaions. and
Y kind Of debateabls ground between
them"
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
Dwellings for the Industrial Glasses

y
Ia the neignbo rhcod Of London, "a which
access is had by railway, plan for provid-
ing houses for the better class o. artisans IS
about to be put ia execution. A plot of II
acres has been leased FOR 90 years, On Ebicu
800 houses, with gLrd~as stgsched, are TO be
built, some more cvstly than Others, AMI II
is I'd the plan tnAt they are 70 Be let ~ such
rate that 10 twenIy-one years the occupant
will become the owner, s-oj ct 10 a moderate
ground rent for the remainder Of The pet iod
The work j. Ia proceed lurtnEith, and ~
ready three hundred houses have been ap-
pled for. The orgsn satlon IS a species If
co-oDei alton, assisted by Capitalists, and Il
Is declared that the investment u ss certain
Of far returns As any other.
On the occasion OF the laying of the cor.
neT-sI0Re Oi ore of the buHGings, the Elrl
ShalIesoury delivered ar address 10 wnlcn
he said that tne people 0f Z gilnd never
would be IN the cOndllIJn he hoped fJr uau.
every family hai a comfortable sltting-rOJm
and three bed rooms. Has experience taught
hIm tnAt ID n became more sober aud better
meubsrs of society when they leave the in-
iected eens'Of tue metropolis. He bad known
drunkaTds, even, TO reform on leaving ms
erable lodgings t1F better ab0des. lie hated
The system IN which six families lived IVA one
bull leg with one staircase. The queen Up
on her throne wss not more dignified than a
sober, honest and industrious man, bringing
uP bis family in the faith and love II ed ;
and be added that il he could see the work
ingmen " old England brought 70 the con
dIton to which be referred, he would BE- the
firss to propose universal suHrsge.
rNkla e,
and our capitalists and business men should
be induced 10 place similar homes within She
reach Of the mechanics OF our own city
Cooperation 70 this end needs the business
tact as well a. the pecuniary aid of business
men 10 insure its success. A benevolent en-
terprse OF this kind, # managed by fair buss-
ness men. could not fail, because Providence
always assists undertakings 80 Conducted.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
1Fot7 Ile NeH Ioik usfA1
Ihe Labor AnestIon.

We congratulate Mr.. W snd4li Pnillins up
ou having die covered d new theme, broader
and deeper than the system Of negro slave
~ against which he has 10 persIstengiY and
successfully ~aged war with al ILL., extra. N.Y.
dinsry powers Of ar0using public attention.
Ibe la0of question really underiios ali d
questions that apa. 70 ;ho surface M o0n-
temporary discussion. lts Overwhelming
Importance has very recently been attes5sd
oy professions Of personal interest 70 the
welfare of the working classes W. tny part
u the Emperor of the French. and also w
the special care sShich the English historian
Froude to1k a. dssll upon the requisite yro-
visions for their education, IN BIZ eloquent
inaugural address as rector of tie Uaivsr-
sity u ST. Andrews. Mr.. Wendell Phillips,
IN addressing recently the committee ~
poioted Dy Inc Massachusetts, Legislature tO
investigate tbs hours Of labor, estimated
he earnings q tn laboring classes 10 our
cOuutry A. IEe billIOus annually. This fae.
eertSI!y dem 4nds me attenti n OF legisIa-
iOn 10 1hei- interests. The tendency, par
ueularly spParenI since the war, If legisla-
lnS IJr ne rlch and lns poor AZ indspen-
dent classes, cannot be toy much depreeat q.
As al i'm ed ale result the rich are sr0S-
ing richer and The poor poorer Ihe grew
ing eyi VI separate edu cation f0r t0s COLL
cIsn Of The rich involves both % them sud
% Eee calldren Of the poor, the loss Vt the
mutual benefit W early sOnlaOG, 4 Ia saTi Jus-
~ Impairs toe interest OF our wealthlgr cit
izens IN the public schools Mr. P1uips
e1akgerate-, il net hu duty, Al least tue
pOSur o. tne repu5l can party t0 secure The
rights Of tho .abonlg people. t. accom-
p4ish tbls IS Ebe exc. uslve prer0gatlye Of ~
political party whatever. Blt undoubtedly
y Eat problem of American staJsB AlsuIp
is % make corpora ions consistent sign
American institutions. " The great ules-
lOn VI thc future ID cooperation, I'D winch
sc must come, sooner or later" Mr.. Poll
ups prophecies truly that @aeH tie f,me
comes tn This country that Q DsrmrEsnt Li-
bJFiHg class aidA eriSI, the kHsI of repHJi-
ctR ,Hsttt atiyilS ,riA nav slHndeG.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
SATURDAY EVENINGS
w ans fnr taontifving Dopositors

Means fer Identifying Dopositors:
EWhen rcposit1T E-st c1mes 20 the Savings Bans
precautions taken and records e. that ne may
a'rays he Identified. and 90 Or book Il lost
ne owner thereof cannot he defundtd.
The business hs institution confined exclusively
10 ths receipts sud care Savings D-po.u Funds
deposited ia trust Ne Conn crcial or General Bank
lue business is Transacted.
certain proportion of the funds are Invested hy loan
aeon rHa estate Oh Jhr cly of ChicAlu In making such
cans preference always given to applications from
Depoers o. small name. who have accumulated in TIE
Insttl iou sutcicnt funig g. pas for lot Of evound
h4d dtEre tn Uurrow so- gthlE more 20 aid them in
erecting b-udiuEa t1 us used pvrmaueut hcmes fur
theuEeiyts ana families
ss-Money semiitet by Draft &c Europe or elsewhere
faf Dcpostlrs-
EE-fht Plans Of Cheap Cottages, selected hy com
nift.e " icp14tors IN his institution, nay bs
the Savings bAns
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
AlMnKa RendE.

A lady once asked Mr. Wesley, "Suypas-
ing that you knew you were 10 die at twelve
O'Clock tomorrow night, how would YOU
spend the intervening umef" "How. mad
am ?" he replied "wny, just IS intend 10
spend il now. should preach this evening
at Gloucester, and again at five to- morrou
morning; after that should ride Il. Tcwkrs-
bury, preach in the afternoon, and meet the
societies IN the evening. should then re
pair to friend Martins house, VINO expects
TO entertain me, converse ard pray with the
family as usual, retire to my room at ten
O'Clock, commend myself to my heavenly
Father, I've down 70 rest, and wake up IN
glory"
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15

II 10 curious fact that gold was discov-
cred In California in lS48. and the rush u
the Pacific coast took place in ls49. Silver
was discovered al Wsshoe in 1858, and the
immigration thither commenced ia 1859
The fabulous treasures OF White Pine were
discovered in 1868, and during this year of
1869 prodigious human tide will SET TO-
wari the new Silverado from both sides of
the Continent. The movements OF The car
Of progress seem 70 be BY decades.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
ISsFANoEs oF INTERFERENCE.

al J Some os me instances bForght IN
der our notice, In which the rules of trade
unions interfere wiih employers in The mode
conducting their business, are " s more
extravagant character. Slch, for instance
are the oll1Wing A union Of bricklayers
A. Manchester, interfered to insist that q
Manchester builder, constructing a rail~ay
station at Bury, should take at least oslf the
men from Manchester (qu 454); the Ma
\ gTnl assecia.ien ~ 2perstive Plesser~-s
interfered 70 require ar employer, rose
head office was at Manchester, although be
lad branch Office AZ Bolton, to pay Man.
chester prices at Bolton lqu. 3,4I6J.
DESIGNS IN FRAMING RULEs IN uNI0Ns.
az IL is not pretended that in framing
the rules OF the union, any regard il had t0
the convenience Of the employer. The rules.
says Mr. Connolly, member Of the Opera
tive Society Of St0nemasons, aud leading
man among unloDists, are made for men
not for masters We do not take masters
into the account al all in the ARA ngement OF
the matter re merely looA upon them as
men who step in with their capital, and wbo
want 10 get the greatest proht they can out
OF their eauital, while we want tO get The
greatest profit We can out Of our labor and
We tad that, by an arrangement Of this sort,
without depriving society Of the adFant 5es
q toe skill Of its members, We can gain our
object" Ia. l ,S49).
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
REPRESSION or cozPRTrfIox.

(Ss.) The chief expedients fer repfessina
competition among the workmen are rules
or atacit understanding, pfestribing mia
imam rate OF wages 10 be seeepteJ, and .
DsarsHaam number OF hours 70 be worked By
the members of the union, and prohibiting
them from working overtime, or taking piece
uork. The opponents Of overtime and piece
work appear 70 us TO hold that the man who
works ogertime takes 90 much from the
common stock Of labor, and thus ipiaree the
rest; and that the man who takes piecewC *,
besides, that be gets more than bis shar Of
what may be done BY skill and industry,
and so raises the standard OF expectation on
the part Of the employer.
PiEcEwoRG.
(39.) The opponents OF piecework further
attempt to justify the rules against il on the
ground that pieoework, where quick aes-
patch becomes the main cons Iteration OF
the workman, is apt to lead men to hurry
over their work In sls.terDly manner, and
90 results IN inferior workmanship, which,
when finished, the employer has no means Of
checking or testing. Il is in the interest,
thsrcfJre. as thew sllege, of the employers
and 1Ae public, not lees than Of the work
NAM that they object 60 piecework. The
employers, however, by no means accede 10
this view Their opinion 10 almost univer-
sally in favor Of pieeework, wherever the
circumstances OF the case admit Of its adop-
ton. Mr.. Robinson, the engineer Of the
Atlas Works, at Manchester, in commenting
On q statement Of Mr. Allen, the secretary
Of the Analgamsted Sjeiety Of Engineers
(qu. 67s). that, As Q general rule" piece
work is inferior" and (qu. l9,08s) that in
places where piecework is ked, there is
tendency on the part Of the working N en-
to slide over the work, 10, ,0691 said ~ be
plan OF dong pieeework in an establish
meat like ours, and 10 Whitworth's aud Bey-
er's, has led to such a IepGtation for our
work that We can get q higher price than
other Arms" and (qu. 29,090) "that i is
far easier TO check 'e quality Of work done
IN a properly organized establishment, than
il is to check the amount OF the work"
0THkR NODES on iNrKRFERENcE 81 UNIONS.
(40) Other expedisnts Of minor chsr-
ac-er, a1d having she same object in view,
are rules, or a taclt understanding existing
in some unions, coD6ning each class Of
workmen strictly 10 their own division Of
labor-e D., restricting the mason from, 90
any occasion, setting or misplacing brick
or the bricklayer a stone, OF either Of them
from doing any portion Of the work which
belongs to a plaslerer; and rules against
what is called " chasing'-i g., prohibiting
the leading man, where several workmen are
working in line, ut proceeding at more than
a moderate rate; and rules limiting the
number OF bricks to be carried IN h0d I;
and prohibiting the carrying of bricks 10 a
UheeioaTrow, and prohibiting the working
the stone at a quarry, and the Ike matters
Shich, although the5 may have the appear
ance " being Of minor importance, are vex-
ari0us and harrAssiug u the employers, and
are sometimes attended with great moon
veniencs and loss.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-05-15
laws Of the time denominated theft. This
art was not confined 70 cattle or plenisking,

"rhey Ia not spindeh. sDoone, neF speis,
Bed. b. sfef, blanket, serk. n0r aneetg
John ~ the Park Vi ps kist and ark
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-12-25

which will be full Of deepest meaning WINE
man continues to live in this world, ana
TO hone for a better. Blended with their
nrofoupd and solemn earnestness arc the
lighter joys, the half repose from Thought anu
action, and the abandonment or the heart W
one hour of wanton but innocent merriment.
The grayest of us, this morning, may wen
leave his dignity in his bed-chamber ana
wisely forget his patriarchal position, as the
children of his heart Chamber to his lips anu
demand kisses innumerable. In wise way,
we can all of us afford to indulge III CnrlsC-
mas fooleries, and to keep sort OF FestNai
Of Unreason. shrinking from no absurdlty oil
speeeh. and being as bold as lions in the whim-
sicalty of our antics There Will be no harih
in moving. for one day at least, to the music
of an allegro; and if old ago be still capable
of footing it deity in the dance, the ancient
limbs may bs pardOned their unseasoh-
able agility. The most punctillous man
hood NAV today unbend. The most mat
ronly of ladies may be buxOm, Dlthe
"and debonaiLp Sport may derde wrlnkled
Care. and Laughter hold both his sides unre-
buked. We my repeat to each other fifty OLD
saws all provocative of jollity. 1t is poor
heart that never rejoices. There is time to
laugh. All sorgs which persuade us to away
"with melancholy" which is g of Cerberus and
"blackest Midiight born" are now in order )
and all varieties of cachnnation-the giggle,
the guffaw, tn, litter, the shipper, the smoker
are perfectly The extraordinary
and miraculous noise which children are
capable of mating, is to-day chartered, espe-
cally when tie tree of st. Nicholas begins to
blaze and to blossom for shameful would 1t
be to fail of eTen a boisterous welcome to old
Father Christmas, who can come to us only
once a year.