, 1869-08-28

vcuIe be etpasht1rd respectable moaueAuh The
IONS sxo crowned With redwood, And s4on6 the
Dasc trees Of many vnftel4cs Er,w. F1sms
ard Guilty. aled 1elas here take tho p1aca Of the
ar1d sAnds uehr Ban Francisco. Tho shores ese
an ebrubs and tho coast altogether noro inviting
= the approach Ia made to iIAlt Mooo Bay and |
INC LAY OF Monterey; the forests Of plno heeou.
,nx more dense, and the 1ands ndulsnbl5 adapted
Tor dairy far1nA from the moisture Of the foRs |
from The noEthwcssesty trate wtndA At Funfa
Dc les P1nos, forming the souihcr1y point OF Tho
fne Day Of Monterey, tho hills arc covered Win
be1ustlul pines, - Tho name tndleateA from 'u's
potnt south Inc high hills and moun'atns retreat
inland and leaso many beautiful 'a'ltJt eha une
table iaEds OF Unsurpassed 1ichnesa Aod IcF11utJ-
The Counties OF Santa crux and Monterey con.
tain nome OF .ho nnest dairy and grsin farms IA
the STATE In tic fertile sai.na4 Valley there II =
s,ne.. ts.es Of lAod; without A. fonee,
which contains near.y 10000 aeseh
eown to wheat The right Il = rarr one. We
uay ray that the dairy firm region ends with San
Lns ob,po County, n tho 1888 are rarely felt he-
ycpd Point Conception, a few lilies bclow. IN
sauts pa1bsra County, wherr tns barren, ragged
MOUNTAIN regions spproach the colat Hitherto
the cnast has prcacrvcl pretty general north
and south cturse, tending to the eastward ~ II
approaches Point Conception, where y mascs .
eha.p elbow, tnd rams 10 the eastward Ut nearly
right angie, ranked by several large ls!anda lew
ulles IRON the main Land, forming the Santa Ba'
hara Channel The coast here has u pretty even
table ,and appearance, with gently rising uoan.
tains inland and prcctpl,ou, shores. with
no landings except open roadneads md
uu1Tpw beaches. few small ff*era nnd
an outlet into the ocean through narrow gu1cnts
worn By the winter torrents After running tn IN
ease.1y direction for nbout hundred tules It
xyntn tntns soutne.:y, and JET trceless, receives
the San Bucu2ventura nnd Santa Clara HScfs,
t.1$A m las
and fertile valleys In the winter seasoa o! rains.
Following yet south, the coast maintains ta char
acter OF anrups shores Of forty TO sixty teet In
height backed by r1ch aud productive lands in the
interior, until Va reach San Diego At the extreme
south shore unc OF the sttte- Tn beautiful little
baJ, made memorable By r Il. Daus, JE., In his
famous "Two Years Before the Anst, Is the
only tafc shelter for vessels from all winds,
on the whole California coast, except
Sau Ftancl1co, and has attracted considerable
speculative attention from ambitious ra.izps I'd
men, tor the terminus OF An extreme toQiheEly
route for Pacific RAilroad- Such Is the coast
Tine OF CaltioSnlA-yane1ng from Crescent CITY.
Aroug the rocky and dangerous Shores ii the
north, crowned with de1sc pine forests, TO tbs
s1opng hills and tEeeleaa valleys Of lhc Placid Bay
Of Sau Diego. distance Of $50 miles. During the
summer seasou-ssy from April to Ocsooer-the
coast Is eale for the smallest trading craft. and
rtter's mouth or Ahelicfng core. The north
westerly tr1dc winds blow with grca. regularity
| along The whole coast, from MAY 70 October.
Along the eastern border Of the Slate, the peaks
OF the Sierra Nevada sentinel the ent,se distance,
aun, 1t the extreme north, Join the coast range,
which push westward 10 the Pacific at Crescent
| CITY. There ate IN Northern California numerous
high peaks OF the sIeas from II, 600 to 1ao0 feet
! ln height wht!e, among the San BeI-
l r%uln Sr hA
several peaks within an elevation ol 1000 10 $3.50
feet between this bold chain sud the coast f1r8e
| are the brp2a aud fertile valleys OF tho Sacsa-
mepto, the San Joaqulu nnd tho Tulare, being q
succession Of valleys from SHASTA 10 Fort Tejon, =
| dhtance OF Abont G,W miles, Numerous small
valleys nre formed by the mountain span and PRO
! jecting ranges of the Monte DAhis, Sierra aud
coast rnpees While several large and important
vnileJt formed high the eastern slope Of ihc
Sierra With this sketch Of the Topography 0!
California, one may get good general tlca Of ,ts
| contour amt appearance.
The mountains OF lIe SlefTn are t51ytrrcd BY
many Streams, Esarly dry 10 tho Inter summel
months, hit roaring torrents IN the wtuter mud
| srrtnE months. The broad valley Of tic 9acra-
mentu ia drained ly the Racranento River, ~htst
alfu receives tho considerable streams known ~
the Feather and lts aflluent, the iuta, nnd a
Sacramento the American River The san
joaquin In Ike manncr 1rnIna the San J'4irin
Valley. tta ptueiraI branchcB are the stal"s'a J.
| the MAkClumnt, lle CoInmnes And the Merctsl
10th thrse atrrnms are tnsRAhfc far lnsn tho tn
trrtnr thc s1nrke Of TN tnt. .bottotpet alernwhen
steamer hen1 Ia'l! seen atmvc the tires whicl
tkrt thrIr hatIts. 1hc twu rivers iIuw F"nthwrs
AMI t,o1thet1., anil unte Iu autsun f,ey AMI pou
t,rir winters lhtu Han rrpncisc0 hay thtUuEb tilt
HttaIta nj t'Rr4anos ant Fan rR',o Bay, ami thei
Hu, an outlet Into tho Pacific Ocean through !ht
t.urn uAte4
| 1nk uttuA1F.
Thte Ia m raH Gt talliuFniA ht't what !
hca'thyt hut tln hrnAnn Hf wrt Aiia '1rY. lacRh Il
Winter. ettina, au'Iturf hhi AHtnnIn. kn"rht" tn
Atlantic kHt1 Wsatcih HtRtea. which prevail nte
meat Uf l,le lli'tly lhaiatrl tHtl VI .ls HA". At
N material \ ,1tHrsrllrn tiain tia rniltrltIu,a
HeaHnIls, that It II difteMit lnr any hut taiinr
Alsh u Ht,tniasntld u, 10 hAAe A ra1nY seA."t
halt n& The yrsr, While ihp nthet hs!ils a'aHa"'I
Wtltu,Nt {At1,E " I'LL M s.aw N lin SRliHJ, AH
rarr,y tn, nafrp. IN tha mountains, ". .tntrs,
aihuulAF. f.rt III xar II va eau srEuant fur II VI
sAp!a,natdo LAWS u Mnle0sologE.
rllK w!hns AND TIE HAtNs.
9An winds which prevail along tap whon want
rr1l coust Of North .tnlusIca, lrun Arnl 10 NJ
vcIatrF, come fI0In tho rastern chn-t 1T Asia
PasainR by japan, their rour,e Il directed tnIt
AM! tAAt hlong tue kAn,achntta coa.t; they the
t~.- sp tasteTy direction, Pest tho lu*.s Stras
CLING group W sne A!eut!an 1A!Hmis, Whtc
fUtM portion OF Epc!e S4n'a la
purchase, aud, charged with moisture from III
high ,atltudes they tlelugo tho Alask an co.st VII,
succession Of sufntrcr rains Turning With til
cout tho win1a aud rAa arc ea.r.pl dow
towards Eancouvcf'a Island, where tho rainstar
turned into ahoMrtA AlolR the shorca OF Wa.n
ington Territory, moth OF the Colunbis River, tn
summer ahowels GROW le1 frequent, and at III
bourdA1J tine Of Uregon and California tho show
ers cease altogether. aud leave only occastona
heavy logs as far Bouth as Point Conception, Il
eanta Barbara Coun' s. where they nrr rarely seen
Tie only Iuolsture given to tho coa4k OF Califoi
MA during the dry ztason Is through the deus
fogs, and even then tho coast counties. absor
nearly the whole OF II, a. the SACRAMENT
and San joaquin ralcJB get but ,ttlc
and the small remainder Is eagert,
sucked up by tho parched and heatcs
foot hills and mountain tops. Tho arid deserts ol
the eastern slopes and the Rocky Mountains gai.
and "asts for more"
| The philosophy Of this course Of tie wind
may be stated as fol1ows: The great heat Of tn
lceleas deserA Of the Great Central Dlatn 6,
raEi1es tho air thai, to compensate, It suck1 tt
cooler air from tho Sler1as md they in turn drar
already heated. and veZJ great vacuum u n1l
In the va1leIt, which In turn II Oiled BY the fogg
bteczes which come pouring In through tho Goide,
Gate, draw Ing inter- them tie Hotsture which re
nMns in the ratn clouds, which have been ao
so1bed by the long shoFo line OF forest trees lsou
| Sltka 10 San Francisco. 4 "hea.ed term
| OF tFo or three days Gu the Sacramento pIatn!
sure to be followed At San tFrancisco by heav,
Winds and dense foGs. The law Of compensation
ia sure 10 follow. These logs along the coast II,
the greatest blessing to the rs-ched and hea:et
interior. Were 1t not for the ocean ioEs Of sum
t1eF, tho valley would be neariy nnbeafab!e. ON
peculiarly, however, Of California aumners haI
escaped the attention OF nearly every one; tia
l9, that there seems 10 be N the great valleys
suhtett1nean strain Of water 1 few feet below tht
surface, and although The top soil may be dry
I patrhed and dusty, the grasses and trees arc no
| entirely burned up, but the deep roots TN dowl
70 EJECT the welcome moisture below. AS II,
winds pass below TO the southern part Of calfor
Dia, they decrease In violence, and 1t San D!ek1
gentle hrrezes only prevail California VIII neve
! be Arcc dairy Stale, btt1use the only portion d
| for the green ErR&ses necessary for mich cows
the na1Tow "Trip OF county along tho coast fron
Humboldt to Point Conception, and 3 fer Valley
tn the rrG!on north uf the Bay Of Sa1 Francisco
Oregon Is much better adapted for the proiucuoi
Of butter and chcese, on account Of Its moisture
The rains OF \ California winter arr brorgn
from . directly opposite point OF the compasi
from the summer togs- The ra!us commence IL
the iAucr part Of October OF the 1rst 1Art Of No
/ vembeE, VITA winds from the southeast The
phenomeua Of tic rains 8 AZ interesting IS thnt
oftse tcGx- The great periodical winds OF the
AAIA.c coast blow for EI noct1s IN onf
direction, and then turn round aud the ponsoou
succeeds for the other hall Of the Jet. In this
way, the winds which blow down the A1!as!c
coast toru Al the Philippine Islands In m eaaiet
ly direction acsues the grrat Paetnc Ocean, drawn
BY the ran1ed alr Of the central eQu.tor
they are Also joined By the regulal
trade winds which blow from