The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1869-05-13

port of the peoples and in both countries would
defeat abroad react with vital effect upon the
government at home.
survey of the whole field thus shows that
neither England, France nor Spain can afford to
go to war with the United States for imaginary
grievances, either sngly or together. The
rumor of the contemplated alliance is nothing
more than an idle dream, and if the designing
politicians who started it desired to arrive at the
state of public opinion in this country on the
subject they are likely to obtain full satisfaction.
PA UPERISM AND EAIGRA TION.
A MOVEMENT has been commenced in England
to relieve the distresses of certain classes and
especially of skilled workmen who are unable
to find employment, by the old remedy of cmi-
grafton to various British colonies or the
United States. The necessity of extending re-
lief of some kind has become so manifest that
it has attracted the attention OF Parliament, as
well as of charitable associations and trades
unions The discussions elected by the various
schemes proposed prove, however, that emigra-
ton which is not entirely voluntary and un-
aided continues to be attended with much diff
Guilty, arising, in part, from the unwillingness
of those whom Great Britain would most gladly
expatriate to leave her Shores and in part from
the disinclination of the British colonies to re-
ceive emigrants who are in the slightest degree
tainted with pauperism. The question is also
agitated whether there is not something radi-
cally wrong in the British poor law and social
system, and whether forced emigration and
expatriation from country abounding in
wealth are not virtual confession of
injustice or incapacitv to discharge pressing
duty in an honorable manner. The richest ma
ton on the globe is humliated by the acknow-
ledgment that she cannot maintain her own
paupers, and that she has no better resource
than to quarter them on other communities
especially in view of the fact that American
cities are burdened not only with their own
poor but by large number of the paupers and
criminals of Europe. We are, therefore, not
surprised that Lord Overstone declared in the
House of Lords that ''the true remedy was in Il
wise administration of the Poor law" and that
Great Britain ''must surely have resources for
the employment of its able-bodied population"
The traditional policy of England, in reference
to pauperism and emigration, is based on a false
theory of political economy. 1t is as foolish as
it is brutal to assume that the population of the
world increases more rapidly than the means of
providing for their necessities under a proper
industrial organization. OF all the surface of the
earth scarcely one acre out of million is at this
moment made as productive as it would be if it
was cultivated in the mOstskilful manner. The
fact is abundantly demonstrated that mechanical
and manufacturing skill more than keeps pace
with the increase of population in increasing
the supply of clothing, houses, furniture,
facilities for travel and all articles essential
to human comfort which can be constructed
from raw material. Modern science and expert
ment have shown that a still greater field for
expansion is to be found in the neglected fields
Oh ohn ,,o1
because they would no longer yield continuous
| crops of corn, wheat, or tobacco, are rendered.
under careful tillage, capable of producing i'm
mense quantities Offruits and vegetables. British
agriculture has been immensely improved dur
ing the last half century, and Notwithstanding
the dense population of the British isles,
there is little doubt that if all their available
| territory was as we'll cultivated as their best
| farms, and if their extensive parks were utilized,
| they would be under no necessity of importing
| food.
Rapacity, ignorance, idleness a false or fatal
| industrial system, pestlence, fearful combina-
| ton of national misfortunes, or selfish desire
to sacrifice the interests of the many for the
benefit of the few may oblige any nation which
possesses a large number of inhabitants to seek
relief in emigration But this resource is mo-
necessary in this age, under ordinary circum
stances, IL q wise ana just governmental pOllcN
is combined with popular intelligence, industry
and patriotism.
Portions of the State of Pennsylvania, from
which, thirty years ago, hundreds of person
emigrated every year, because they believed
such n resource was considered necessary, arr
now annually increasing in population; and
with the development of diversified industry
they are furnishing ample employment for al
their native inhabitants as well as many nGy
settlers.
So many sections of the United States ar
sparsely peopled at this time, that for years t.
come their numerous and cheap natural advan
tages will attract emigrants from other portion
of America as well as from Europe, but mean
while the fact should ever be borne in mind that
in thousands of cases, it is better to establis
new industries at or near the old homestea
than to seek them AT random in distant parts Q
the earth.
In America, as well as in England, create
efforts should be made in every community t
trust to the utilization of all the resource
within reach, rather than to emigration, for tn
relief of the poorer classes rs well for the in
crease of the wealth of the rich. The natura
treasures of the earth, even in this progressiy
age are but imperfecty understood NeN
methods of utilizing them are constantly bein
devised, and at the present rate of progres
| in agriculture, engineering, mechanics, an