davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth daily monitor. [volume] (Elizabeth, N.J.) 1868-1880, 1869-05-24
ELIZABETH, N. j., MONDAY, MAY "a, 1869
8lisnbets 9aiIp af9onitor,
PUBLISHED AT 155 BROAD STREET, BY
j. MADISON DRAKE.
THE FINANCIAL POLICY.

We confess we are somewhat at loss
to account, on common sense princi
pies, for the policy pursued by Secre-
tary Boutwell, in purchasing q million
of Government bonds every week, and
thus retiring about fifty millions of
available currency in the course of the
year. If the object is to reduce the
public debt at the rate of million per
week, it might seem sound practice
were it not that he is buying bonds at
the advanced price of high premium,
so that the cost of the purchase last
week was $150,000 above par. This is
a somewhat singular kind of economy.
The bonds will not mature for fifteen
years to come The interest at per
cent, would be only $4,000 per annum
and for the privilege of paying off
million the Secretary is losing every
week at the rate of two years interest
in advance. This may be very pro-
found financial policy, but we do not
understand what Mr. Boutwell, expects
to gain by it. The fact is, moreover,
very significant, that ever since the in
auguration of the Secretary's financial
policy, gold has been steadily going up
in value, until now it has risen from
1870 to 140, and the tendency is still up
ward This may be due to q gold
gambling operation, and it is altogether
possible that>it is part of the financial
tactics of Wall.street, designed to en-
barrass policy, which is not likely to
inure to the permanent advantage of
the gold dealers. 1t is true, that if the
Secretary should sell a million of gold
every week, he would be able to con-
vert the amount into US. bonds at
profit, and it may be that he intends
to make one hand wash the other in
this way, but we cannot see the ne
cessity of the policy which he is pur-
sueing, because we fear it is based on
the mistaken idea that the amount of
greenbacks in circulation is in excess
of the demand of the trade of the coun-
try. This is mistake. However we
shall see, and meanwhile we give the
Secretary credit for good intentions.
= FREEDMAN.
Elizabeth daily monitor. [volume] (Elizabeth, N.J.) 1868-1880, 1869-05-24

What do travellers visit Egypt for !?
To peer amid the pyramids.
Giants of the day Unsuccessful ap-
plicants.
The lap of luxury--A cat eating
milk.
The bored of education-school boys
on summer afternoon.
When is toper's nose not a nose.
When it's little reddish.
It is mistake to suppose that the
sun is supported by its beams.
An Alabama paper announces that it
will not take payment in dogs.
Elizabeth daily monitor. [volume] (Elizabeth, N.J.) 1868-1880, 1869-05-24

WISHES to notify her friends and the public
w that she has removed from No. Is Washing
ton street to No. Is Elizabeth avenue She is pre-
pared to go out into families by the day with her
Sewing Machine. Having been at first class work
for number of years, she understands Cutting
Making and Trimming Ladies' and Children's I'm
d6rclothing. Also, Childrens French Dresses and
Mems Shirts, and carries her patterns with her.
By leaving the name and address at Is Elizabeth
avenue Mrs. Wilson Will call on the ladies for their
orders in the evening. ms 3m
Elizabeth daily monitor. [volume] (Elizabeth, N.J.) 1868-1880, 1869-05-24
CLOAKINGS.


TO- The above Goods have been
purchased expressly for this Occa-
sion, and will be found to surpass
anything ever offered i'm this cOun-
ty as regards Quantity and Quail
ty, for the money.
It is our principal aim to sell
Only good and desirable Goods,
That are sure to give satisfaction
to the Customer.
FLOOR OIL CLOTHS, CAR
PETS AND MATING.
OF an Endless Variety of choice
patterns, will be displayed i'm our
new
Elizabeth daily monitor. [volume] (Elizabeth, N.J.) 1868-1880, 1869-05-24
DRESS MalkinE-

~ A. ROLL, SIS William street. would inform
H. the ladies' of Elizabeth, that from long expe-
rience in the business here and elsewhere, (when
known as Miss Goodwin, she feels fully competent
to do all kinds of work pertaining to the business,
with neatness and dispatch.
Elizabeth daily monitor. [volume] (Elizabeth, N.J.) 1868-1880, 1869-05-24

UAnE . LIT An MEV H.
Which has been fitted up for these
Goods. If any i'm want of
CAR PGF5
Don't trade with us, it will not be
our fault.
We are going to lay i'm a large
stock of the most desirable goods,
and are going to sell them cheap
for Cash
Mating a specially, i'm all widths.
We will open Monday morning
4 case fas color Prints, 10 cents.
1 case Alpacas, double fold, 80 c.
1 case MarsaiIles, S5 c. per yard.
4 case Dress Goods CSC. per ward.
ALI Wool Ingram Carpets, IS cts.
per yard, the cheapest Goods we
have seen for ten years.
We would invite all i'm want of
First-Class Goods, at Reasonable
Prices, to give us call.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31
A bmarine NAVY.

War steamers are fast disappearing from
the face Of the ocean. Or, in other words,
they are sinking deeper and deeper into the
sea, until at last we have o German plan for
regular submarine navy to fight beneath
the water. The only thing wanting to COM
plete the arrangement is to obtain enough
nermen and tritons to act az sailors. The
idea is stated by the German papers rs fol
lows:
lotto Vogel proposes to construct sub
marine steamship, and the Berlin Borsen-
Zettung asserts that the Prussian admiralty
has approved Of the plans submitted for in
spectlon. The vessel, covered with strong
plating, is entirely below the surface of the
sea with the exception Of the deck, which is
surmounted by vaulted iron roof Of great
strength. Beneath this covering heavy guns
are placed, SO that the whole greatly resem-
5les first rate iron-clad. 1t is said, how
ever, that besides all the advantages OF such
men war, the new ship may be submerged
andl1 this position is so completely un der
command that it can outweather q storm OF
attack an enemy with submarine cannon or
torpedoes. Mr. Vogol 10 now engaged in
constructing large model, twenty -four feet
in length, which will soon be finished"
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31
HOmMeR6eeDer.

To VASE white wOoens, a Young House
keeper" writes to the Am, rieda Agric uLturist:
Put kettle OF clear safI water On Inu steve
and shave enough soap INTO it to make o
strong suds; let Il come to boil, and pour
Il over the hannels placed IN a tub let stand
until they arc cool enough TO handle, and
hen rub or squeeze slightly AMI wiring out.
u they were very dirty, repeat the operation,
4 not, made very weak uis, bIiling hot,
and after it il taken of the fire put ia some
blueing AMI proceed as before Inen snake
well, snd hang up to dry. You will find
the Il ,nnels will not full up ami get too small
bot will be soft as when new
YEAsr.-I have seen several articles abou {
Yeast in tho Restera Rural, and want to
nave INV say about it. have as gOol bread
as ever made by stirring -four INTO luxe
warm water aud setting It Ia a warm place
TO rise.
Pa PAScAKEs.-Cook a piEt more Of
green peas than you Will require for dinner.
While not put them 10 a wooden bowl. R
lump Of outer and little pepper with them
and mash TO salve with potato pe,tle. n
he morning make n batter OF either wheat
n1ur or corn meal, with eggs and soda as Tor
lritters' Sur IN the pea jam until Il u tho
roughly Incorporated with the batter, aud
COOK IKE any other gridile cakes. They
make beautiful and paIatabls breakfast
dish, as know by experience.
TO DRIVE our MOsQUIroEs.-Takeo of gum
canphor piece about one-thirl the sizs u
an egg, and evaporate 1t by placing it in n
vessel, holding It over lamp or can lie, tax
ing care that it does not ignite. The SNAKE
will soon fill the room and: sxpsl kha@osqui-
toes. One night waS terribly Y ed By
them wnen thought Or r161 t5ad AbOve,
after which never ssM cbfn4aetS n th'
night, and next morning there was n
to be found in the room, though the wIu99nO.
had been left open All night. *
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31

The celebrated N. Jourdain spoke prose
during the greater part of his life without
knowing that he did so in like manner
many OF our working mechanics are in the
sso'e OF applying the most exact principles
o. science, In the course of their daily occu-
at'ons, without ever suspecting it. Long
oelore the science Of geology was invented,
me practice of applying geological princi-
gies was common among canal engineers,
guar ymen and miners I; and the laws of me-
cnanics, hydraulics and acoustics are in CON-
s.ant ase IN our own day, among persons
vno 40 not know the names even Of the
sciences whose uses they are familiar with
IN daily life.
We propose. in the following series Of pa
Pe.s' 20 lay down, in popular though accu-
rs.e form, the leading principles of the
sciences most commonly applied to practice
among ourselves, in the hope of establishing
fiore intimate relations between those that
are well acquainted with the theory Of sci
epcs, and those that earn their daily bread
oy-<he practical applications Of that theory
10 practice.
lt has been well observed, by Dr.. Arbuth-
not' that ut Is no small impediment to the
aovancement of the arts, that speculative
men and good mathematicians are unac-
qpsinsed with their particular defects, and
tne several circumstances in them that rem
dsr things practicable or smpracticl6k :"
Dat 1t is certainly no less an impediment to
tue progress Of the arts, that those whose
duty it 70 to carry them out into their mi.
nuts am practical details, are unacouainted
Eltn the fundamental laws and principles OF
the sciences they are daily called UPON to
apply to practice.
Dur object is to supply this defect Of
knowledge to the best of our ability. and to
present to our readers the principles Of the
sciences reduced to their simplest forms
borrowing our illustrations of those princi.
pies from sources familiar to oil, and there
fore readily appreciated and understood.
we shall commence, without further Dre.
face, with Mechanics-the most important
ot the sciences used in the arts-and after
wards proceed to the consideration of the
other sciences on which the material welfare
Of man is 80 largely dependent.
All the physical sciences make direct an.
peal to some one or other Of our senses. in
the first instance, and after wards depend for
their development on the application Of our
intellect or reason to the facts originally
supplied BY the senses.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31
WIT AND wIRDOM.

A LrrTLE youngster, two ani half years
old, who had heard some complaint Ia the
family about pegs i'm shoes hurting the
feet, approached his mother the other day,
with his finger iH- hfs-- --Sash, md paid.
"MAmmx, me rot pegs tumming in mr>%
and dey hurt me-" And snss eoonyL ~gHF
little fellow was cutting two o three n;os -
teeth. A'Se
A LADY teacher was endeavorines. =,
press upon her pupila the terrible eff.
the punishment Of NebuchadnsEzsr, sAyh
"Seven years be ate grass like co~ !" wheAl
boy asked:
"Did ne give milk ?"
In a town in Connecticut, q loafer was
brought before justice for being drunk ia
the street.-The fine being one dollar for each
Offense. The fine he paid, and was srraiRned
again the next day. ."NO you don't Judge"
said be; 81 know the law-one dollar for
each oGense, and this Is the same old drunk"
A MAN once went to an eccentric lawyer
to be qualified for some petty Office. The
lawyer said to him: "Hold 10 your hand.
Pll swear you, but all creation could not
qualify you"
Mas. JONES has long been wanting to Wis
it Greenwood Cemetery, and 10 early sum
mer she ga to her husband, "YJu have
never yet taken me to Greenwood" No,
"dear," be replied, "that's a pleasure have
yet had only in anticipation"
The engineer who was fined for running
bis engine through an ambitious little vii
lsge without ringing his bell, certainly had
bis revenge. He said be would not have
done it i he had known the village was
there.
A VOID quotations, unless you are well
studied in their import, and feel their per-
tinence. A gentleman, while looking at the
skeleton Of an ass which had been dug out
Of sand pit, and admiring and wondering
at the structure Of that despised animal,
made very nlGl-GdrOn use Of one. "Al,"
SAID be, with the deepest humility, I'VE are
fearfully and wonderfully made I"
"TA TOES! !" cried eolored peddler in
Richmond. "Hash dat racket You dis.
tracts de whole neghborhood !" came from
another cOlored individual in doorway.
''YOu kin hear me, kin you ?" "H sar you !
kin hear you a mile" "Tsnk God for
dat Use hollerin TO be heard-tG toss"
A GENTLEMAN one day indiscreetly asked a
friend bow old she was. She reflected. "Lat
me see, was l8 when 1 was married and
nv husband was 80, now b. /. twice 80,
which IL 60. 90, OF course, am twice lS,
that is &c."
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31

periments made by me some time ago. I had
occasion to work with q gang of criminals
on the tread wheel, and was kindly Informed
Dy an sold bird" or Canary as he was
called (whose good office had secured by
donation OF Limerick twist,'') that the
Dest place on the wheel was that next the
wall, Dy leaning against which with the arm
ana shoulder it was possible to do very lit
tie work without being noticed BY the 81
perlntendent. In the Norwegian read
wheel, on the contrary, the whole weight
of the "Conscript Father" as he climbs,
10 necessarily employed in turning the
wheel, a. there are no external objects. a.
sne Oar or wall, on which it can 6e partially
supported.
When the English tread d-whseI is honestly
used, 1t ls found to be as useful a machine
az the Norwegian as a man of average
weight (l5O ID }, employed on the English
wheel, can raise 1897 lbs. through foot in
one minute; while, on the Norwegian wheel.
the same man can raise 1857 lbs. through
loot In one minute. Ii the labor be con-
tinued Tor eight hours day, supposed dlyi-
ded into equal intervals Of labor and rest.
the total days work, estimated in foot tons.
ie- 'O-''
Days work on In gIsh Tread. wheel arm .on
DAys work on Norwegian Tread wheel 800 .
man be employed raising bis own
weight on ladder, il is found that be pro-
duces 4, ,222 ft.-lbs. of work in one minute.
wnicn, on the supposition Of eight-hours;
employment, half rest and half labor amounts
to the following:
Fay: Work in raising the Lasorer's own
weight on ladder $50 m -.
The most economical use that can he
made OF the labor OF man consists ia using
nlm 20 raise ms own weight, for in other
descriptions OF work much of the labor 10
expended in moving the body from place to
place, without accomplishing any useful or
productive work. Gangs of laborers have
been thus employed on some Of the older
waterworks, climbing either a ladder or
steep staircase. and then walking in upon a
movable platform, which descends in conse-
quence or their weight, lifting at the same
time corresponding quantity of water.
ms MODE OF employing human labor has
oeen long since abandoned in every civilized
country, as 1t was found that man might ha
more usefully, though not 90 economically
employed, BY choosing forms of labor in
which his intelligence was called into nl..
ana 10 which he ceased to be used az a mer.
beast or burden.
lt has been found, from carefully con.
quoted experimental, that the work done in
raising the weight of the laborer's bodv ON
steep staircase Is TIC same a. that done b
mounting ladder, viz, 4,222 IT. Id. per
TO BIZ CONTINUED
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31

In the accompanying diagram, If a. Z.
represent two successive positions of the
mans foot after having taken an upward
step, and il c, d be vertical lines drawn
through. those successive positions, it is
plain that in making . single step upwards
the "Conscript Father" has raised his BODY
through the height b; hence the work done
oy him In making that step is measured BY
nis weight multiplied BY b. This work
done, II there were supposed to be no fric-
ton, or less OF force, in the working Of the
wheel, would be exactly equal to the work
done, es measured BY the weight p lifted
through the height through which the axle
A turns while the mans foot descends from
to .. No matter. therefore, what be the
weight 4, or the diameter Of the axle a. the
work done BY the weight in ascending will
oe exactly equal to the work done by the
man In descending from to .. At the next
step, ne liftS his body ansin, through the
height b, in making the step, from 8 to a.
and 10 in condition, by so doing, to cause
the weight r to be again lifted through the
same height as before.
The same mode of applying the labor Of
man to do work, BY raising his own BODY. ia
employed in English goals or at least, was
until q recent date, in the form of . tread
Wheel, which 10 so well known that no illus
tration OF its action 10 necessary.
10 TINS machine, the prisoners are placed
on the row, on the other side Of the wheel
on level With its axle. and hold on to
bar placed above their heads, while they
climb up the paddles Of the wheel, which is
Itself, oy means of machinery attached to
the axle, made TO pump water, to grind meal
or DO other work req uirad in tha aconor,r
OF the prison.
90 MOI consider the English trade wheel
20 Dc so honest mode Of employing crimi-
nal labor as the dredge- wheel Of Christiania;
Tor, in the former mode Of climbing, as the
nanos are Phced on fixed bar, it Is posi-
oie LOT cunning convict to support q great
Part OF his weight BY bic arms, and By NOV.
ing ms legs IN time with the other culprits,
% appear 70 DO much work, while he really
does Little. During the course Of some ex-
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31

These senses were supposed by the an.
clients to be ave in number, viz: smell, taste,
touch, hearing and seeing 70 which list our
modern philosophers have wisely added q
sixth, viz: the muscular sense, or instructive
feeling Of resistance when external force u
applied. IL ID unnecessary, for the develop.
of the respective senses OF smell and taste;
that external bodies should be directly ap-
piled to their several organs in that body
and that vibratory movements Of air or ether
should call forth the peculiar sensations Of
hearing and vision while simple changes Of
tempera ture are sufficient to excite the sen.
sation Of touch in any part Of the body en-
sense.
In order, however, to call the muscular
sense into play, it is necessary to apply force
to some one of the muscles, with which the
body of man and other animals is covered
and protected.
The science Of mechanics is the science
that Investigates the laws Of force, and ap-
plies them to the daily use of man. or
force itself we know nothing, but that it
eails forth the resistence of our muscles, and
gives rs the peculiar sensation Of some un-
known thing outside ourselves opposing our
motion.
Instead, therefore, Of commencing our
study Of mechanics with the abstract and
difficult study Of force, we shall begin with
the study Of some OF the well-establisned ef.
fects Of force, which are called laws, and
leave the Investigation Of forces, In them
selves, to the metaphy ysicians snd mathema-
ticisns, to whom it more properly belongs.
The first and most important force we be.
come conscious Of ID the attraction of the
earth we inhabit, by virtue OF which al bo-
dies possess weight, and tend 70 approach
the ground, unless prevented by some inter-
vening obstacle, or by the exertion Of IN
equal and opposite force. Hence, it follows
that the simplest idea we can have Of the ef-
fects Of the exertion Of force is derived from
the effort to raise body from the ground
and increase its distance from it.
When We thus raise body to u greater
height than it was before, we are said to do
t0ort; and the amount Of work done is mea-
sured by the product Of the force exerted, or
weight overcome, into the height through
which 1t Is lifted Thus, if tons be lifted
through feet: we say that the work done is
~ n.-tons, or tons multiplied by S feet il
z,UOO ID. be lifted through As feet, we say
that the work done is 2,OOOx46-92, 900 ft.-
Ds.; and so on for other cases.
Inc Oldest and simplest forms Of machines
are those in which work 10 done. by the ef.
forts Of men or other animals. to raise their
own weight. The simplest manner in which
this kind OF work 10 done 10 shown in the
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31

above illustration, which represents q form
Of tread-wheel, still used in the city Of Chris
tiania, for the purpose Of dredging the harbor.
10 that good city, when the father of fam
ily refuses to maintain his family, instead of
being sent to Jail, as in England, to be petted,
fattsaed and reformed, he is obliged to climb
with patient step and SLOW" on the inner
side Of the dredge-wheel placed in . boat, and
IS his weight turns the wheel, q rope coiled
round its axle pulls the dredge and helps to
clear the hsrbor.
The gentlemen so employed in Christi
ania are called BY the students of the uni
versity "Conscript Fathers" and az they
land, day BY day, weariod Of their thank
less toll, on the 6sh quay Of the city, other
epithets-more homely, il less classical
are freely bestowed upon them by the hard
handed and sturdy fshwives Of the town.
We have replaced the dredge, in the sketch,
Dy rope sustaining a simple weight, sc-
cording to the magnitude Of which the
wheel revolves more quickly or more slow
"
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-07-31
TO BE CONTINUED

he ENGLISH CHANNEL TUNsEL.-Tbe
London correspondent of the New York
Times writes Mr.. Bright has received 4
reputation Of the projectors and engineers
the tunnel to be dug under the Straits Of
Dover' 90 that we can 20 from London to
rsrls without changing cars or being sea-
sick: The Emperor is ready to assist. The
English Government is asked to ION in n
guarantee Of two and one-half per cent. in.
come on the cost. There are no difficulties
out financial ones Chalk is hard enough
and soft enough, and, as we know with the
cables, capitalists would as soon have their
money at the bottom of the sea as any,
where. They knowAwhere to find il. L.
VII help Paris and empty London, but that
does not matter.