The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1869-04-29

l. An abundance of unoocupied water
power in every Southern State.
q. mild climate. Fire, for heating pur-
poses, is only necessary for from one to
pine wood can be procured at very low rates.
The pay for such wood delivered within one
mile of our factory, is only $1.00 per cord,
and our total expense for fuel for, say two
and one-half months in the year, is but
one-tenth of one cent per pound, when
charged to the manufactures of those
months, while in the North it is about one
cent per pound on the manufactures OF at
least five months ie the year.
3. Wages are, and must continue TO be,
comparatively low. The mildness of the
climate, the abundance of lumber end the
cheapness of land, enables manufacturers
| to provide their operatives with inexpensive
but comfortable houses and large garden
plats. The country being an agricultural
one, we must soon be able to produce our
provisions, while the manufacturing dis
tricts of the North must always depend
upon the distant West, and, to somo extent,
upon the South for theirs.
f. Operatives. Northern men, acting as
superintendents of Southern mills, admit
the superiority of our factory hands, who
are remarkably frugal and Industrious, and
who are easily controlled
5. Ereights are lower ON yarns and cloths
than on lint cotton. There has been time,
within the last three years. when a bale of
cotton of $50 pounds. worth. say 500 90,
paid freight, from Charleston to New
York or Philadelphia, of S25 80 per bale,
which would bo 2.77 per cent on value;
while that cotton, made into q bale of 400
pounds of No. 20 yarn, worth say S13G 90,
paid only GO cents per bale or 44-100 per
cent. on valuc-a difference in favor of
yarns of 215 per cent. The Southern manu-
facturer saves the freight on bagging, rope
and other waste This waste can be manu-
tactured into paper at the South more
cheaply than at the North, and is, consc-
quently, more valuable here than there
Reclamation on false packed or damaged
cotton is easy and direct, and We save the
burdensome Northern charges for storage,
brokerage, etc.
l support these positions by the following
statement of actual cost of manufacturing
at Saluda Cotton Mills, as shown by our
books. 1t must be recollectcd that we have
employed in the manufacture of No. 90 yarn
only 4 1000 spindlcs, (Jenks' ring travellers
Of course, q greater number of spindles, or
the production of yarns of lower number
would ensure a less cost per pound:
Labor-Snperintendent 81 carding,
56; spinning, 7G; reeling, o.. 2.44
pnir-Labor and material, Una
chinery nearly new,O. %
Packing, bundling, &C., labor and
materials. 0S
General Expenses-Watch, 13: haul
lug. 80; findings, 20; oil, Is; sala-
ries, Ga; miscellaneous, Sc. .. 200
Total per pound. ........ 5.24
Add-Loss by waste, (i5O lbs cotton,
costing $780, making but 400 lbs. of
yarn)... Observation-Disclosures. go
10 per cent. for wear and tear of ma
chinery, charged to production, per
pound ................... 1.26
Total cost of manufacturing cot
ton, worth 20c. per pound So. 900
Freights to New York or Philadelphia
Csc, insurance 10. so
Cost cotton per pound. .... 2O.OO
Total cost per pound Of Southern
yarn, NO. 20,) delivered in N. Y, 30.
The rery to,ceSt estimate I have seen
of the cost Of manufacturing at the
North places cost of labor repair,
packing and general expenses ut
per pound. 1924
Loss by waste, Cotton at zoe. in Co.
lumbia would be 22Iac. in New
York; therefore, 45O lbs cotton
would cost SOL. %, and would make
4OO lbs. yarn). Observation-Disclosures. 2.S1
10 per cent. for wear and tear ma
chlnery ................. 1.26
Total cost of manufacturing in the
North. ..... .................. 1431
Add cost Of cotton. n............. % SO
Cost of No. 20 yarns manufactured at
the North: -. 3G.s1
Showing difference in favor of the
South of per pound. nd........ 7.O1
Both using the same quality of cotton.
Deduct commissions, carriage, &c.. 2.O1