The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1869-09-18

more than one hundred children between
the ages of five and twenty years may elect
a district board, consisting of six trustees
the terms of two to expire, and two to be
elected annually-who elect from their own
number moderator, director, and assessor.
This district board ''have power to classify
and grade the scholars in the district and
cause them to he taught in such schools
and departments rs they may deem cxpe-
dent; to establish in said district a high
school when ordered by a vote of the dis
trict at any annual meeting, and TO deter
mine the qualifications for admission to
such school, and the prices to be paid for
tuition in any branches taught therein to
employ teachers etc, etc. This is the
only exception to free tuition, and assumes
that the primary fund was designed
only for primary schools, for the teaching
of ordinary English studies and that when
| 4 district lncurs extra expense for teaching
the higher branches and the languages,
those receiving the instruction may be re-
qured to pay tuition This provision of
the law is seldom, if ever, acted upon
Competent teachers are employed in the
several departments, and no discriminating
charge is made except in the case of non
resident scholars the people thus showing
themselves wiser and more liberal than the
| law.
1t will at once be seen how simple and
flexible is the system; giving schools of
every degree, according to the option and
the ability of the district a.: from the simple
primary school, giving instruction in the
common English branches only, to the
higher Academy, affording ample facilities
for acquiring all that is necessary, prepara-
tory to entering the University. The es-
tablishing of these graded schools has led
to the erection, i'll nearly all the principal
villages of the State of very beautiful and
costly school cdtices, so that school archi-
lecture has become an important feature in
the architecture of the State.
The fundamental law Of the State pro-
vides for the election, biennially, of Su-
pcrintcndent of Public Instruction, who
Niltill ItNt lit Stlltl't vi llJllt
instructien-thus creating a State Educa-
tional Department; and it is proper to re-
mark that Michigan was the first State in
the Union that established n constitutional
officer by that name and designation
Among other duties, the Superintendent is
authorized to appoint times and places for
holding d" Teachers Institutes = to attend
them personally, and to draw his warrant
upon the State Treasurer for the necessary
expenses.
The State Normal School is under the
control of State Board of Education, of
which the Superintendent of Public In
Struction is cr-ctirto member.
The limits of this article will permit no
more particular account either of the Nor
NAL School or of the Agricultural College,
except to say briefly of the latter: 1t was
established by act of the Legislature i'll
1865, being the first Agricultural College
established in the United States. 1t is sup
ported by the State, aided by 4 grant by
| Congress to it, i'll common with the other
States, of so, 600 acres Of land for each of
its senators and representatives i'll Congress;
according to the census of 1860, for the
endowment, support, and maintenance of
at least one college, where the leading OBJ
,iect shall be, without excluding other sci
enttic and classical studies. and including
military tactics, to teach such branches of
learning as ,re related to agriculture and
the mechanic arts 1t confers the degree
of Bachelor of Science upon students who
complete the full college course. Graduates
of three years standing engaged in scen-
titic studies obtain the degree Of Master of
| Science. "Tution is free to all students
| from this State. Students from other States
are charged twenty dollars year for tut
ton" A manual-labor system is estab-
lished, by which students may defray a
large share of their expenses, and at the
same time become practically familiar with
the operations of the farm.
The fund for the support of the Univer-
sty is derived from the sale of seventy-two
sections of land granted by Congress to the
State for that purpose. AS in the case of
the Primary School lands the State assum-
ed control of the grant fixes the terms
and conditions of sales, and constitutes it
Il Trust Fund, upon which the interest is
paid annually, for the support of the Uni
versity. The annual interest is now very
nearly $4,000. The State, by an act of
| 1869, has appropriated the further annual
sum of S15, 900 in aid of the University.
The only charges made by the University
are: To residents in Michigan, an admis-
sion fee of ten dollars to those who come
from other States OF countries, an admis-
sion fee Of twenty-five dollars and to every
student an annual fee of ten dollars.
The University embraces three depart
mcnts that of Science, Literature. and
the Arts that of Medicine and Surgery
and the department of Law.
The total number of students in the sew
eral departments the last College year was
1114.
Hitherto the University has been open to
males only; but the prospect is that a
change i'll this regard will soon be made
The Legislature of 1867 adopted the fol
lowing resolution
"ResoIGcd, That it is the deliberate opn-
ion of this Legislature that the high objects
for which the University of Michigan was
organized will never be fully attained until
women are admitted to all its rights and
privileges And President Haven tsince
resigned i'll his report to the Board of Re
gents, September Goth, 1868, says : '.The
more | consider the subject, and the more
carefully | study the results of the educa-
ton of both sexes in the same schools, the
more inclined am to the belief that the
best method for Michigan would be to
make provision for the instruction of women
at the University, on the same conditions
as men.
How TO MAKE PAPER TRAsPARENT-
Artists, architects, land surveyors, and all
| who boyn orra sion tp make llSn nf tracin,r