davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26

made & 'ir nominations on Monday last Some
Of Che names presented are good men but the
majority are the reverse. David Foy, the only
member Of the last Legislature Who interested
himself IN behalf Of the working people fell a
victim to a ring. Two candidates were named
IN bis district The Democrats III, IL course,
nominate another one, and some are anxious TO
mske Mr. Foy a fourth, BY givin MIN the nom
ination On an independent work .ngmen's ticket.
With the four candidates IN che field tits just pos
s.hlc thal Mr. Toy mas win. In nearly al Of the
conventions the baliotug VAS conducted amid
much confusion, and che lmes Of the winners
announced amid the impreoations Of the friends
% thc defeated parties Votes brought an
sorts oi prices, and some candidates are said to
have bought their nominations very cheap. The
purchasing was done without an attempt at
are notorious scoundrels. adopts in Che pecula.
tive art, who can double discount ana then beat
thc rogues whose places they seek % occupy.
w tbo game " Heads | win, tails you lose
THE MACHINERY MoLDFBs This congregation
of Rip Van Wrinkles have awakened ou- Of their
lengthy nap w dud even The d3g Schneider Of
their palmt days, gone che ray Of all flesh.
Jaw per announcement, they convened IN mass
meeting Oh Wednesday evening, over which
J0s ~ White Was called 70 preside. Ia as
Stunning the chair. MT. w. pronounced machinery
molIcrs wages % Dc $3.50 per week or less
thaa th1-. of Ary other mechanics III philadel-
ph.a The object % converting the meeting was
r1 ascertain what per centage 81 the craft could
5a laited % sustain demand for an Increase
Ut eages He thought IL high time that some
move was being made IN that direction, and
those present being of 4 similar way Of think
iug lppaudcd. Capt Flynn fluent talkcr
ana sound Oh tie increase queston-adgised the
the burial " pat Differences The intermeut
q shat troublesome ola lady, Annie Mostly,
WIN il With joyous comfort those she leaves
behind O,her speakers. including Mr.. Wa
la-a. of the National Executive Committee.
s,roye quite successfully l5 AWAKEN The enthu-
-Iasm of aaj bolster t5e weak knees Much
difference vas paii % the remarks 81 Mr Wal
.sce, aao dFe.J upon tie ioily of nursing petty
differences oa the 6a,awlriaess of Philadelphia
mollsfs az compared with those Of other cities,
aad upon cooperation. what 4, had done, ana
vhlt i, could do. 0n motion al presen. signi-
ded by signing y r5ll. their willingness " unite,
after which che meeting adjourned.
Tw PofTrcH -rrtrrsN. obnoxious 20
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26
q q a "a q % % "a .

No THE N1EKTVH MASS i Hu nnw nreV.ref IA fur
oish AT classes Win constant employment ai their homes
me whole III DIE tine ior tle spare momeafs Bust.
uess new iglt Ana profitable Fittv rsut- W. 81 par
evening Is easily earned BY persons ~ either sex AMI
the boys and girls earn uucn tfres iuduce
mtnts offered those who viii dtv te their whole
TINE 10 the business and. thar every person
this notice, send their addre and the
ness icr themse yes make the following unparalleled
oder Fa AM whu not wail satisfied witu the bus
ness viii send RI % pas t1r the trouble " writing
F0l particulars directions kc ssut free sample seut
by mail i0f 10 cents. Address b. g. ALLEN Augusta
Maine.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26

NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
AMERICAN TONTINE
LIFE AND SAVINGS
INSURANCE co MPANY,
ll9 Broadway, New York.
Organized for the Special Benefit
OF the WOrkiHgmen.
500, 900 are on Deposit with the
Insurance Department for the
Security Of Policy Holders,

ITS SAVINGS INSURANCE DEPARTMENT, nov
city. and only plan Offering unusual advantages 90
F0rkngmen 10 Che payment " prsHuls BY very snail
instaments, and chance FIR the creation u reserve
fund. upon which the Company viii pay SIX per cent.
auuum Interest, and bold the subject sight
drafts o. the incurred
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26

English Fried Cakes.
Cciee Sske. Sugar C0lee Gaze spcn-e Round IsiIs
IArts, furnay-rs, Slice Of Pie IL mon C#k4 -n-..ga
cream, Ginger bread. cake his-narcks. ---r
re, SrsAm Paus tfIied 1ingsrhr-sl CRACKERS.
trzhsm ard Bosom Batter
Lemon aud singer Sunrs- Crs-kner-
Dried Toast B-cuits-siK Tor Ftyp Gent.
Sweet Cakes Four for Eve Cent?.
Lemon Biscuits, Jamhles, Tea ftar ~sl-a rr-...-r-
Lemon and Seed Cak.s Fingers
At Ten Cents Each.
Jelly Roil, Pound CAKE, Frut Caae, Freuch Csta
81 ns tickets FOR -
80 . -r
ODD = rw.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26
CHICAGO, JUNE 2orp, Ice.

Tins arst oaes So the Douglas Place Six foot
.aptrv l- hid by MT. George Everett city in-
sae.t.. ou June ioth; and 40 to Friday even
I.- W. s.N O'clock, 45 ieet had been completed.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26

open daiy from n a. m M p. m srHdfvr frr N
m ID ~ MI, 4nd ir0m 3 w sP WI
Positively no sdmlttaucs after closing har-s
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26
New y TX, June >, 1869.


Tie enquiry for coal is limited, and no
advance could be obtained over April prices,
if business Is resumed earlier than July
first
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26

How We became possessed Of these dis
patches j. a matter Of 10 public Importance.
That they were sent and received we are
prepared to prove; and are page in the
secret history of coal operations that win
tend to enlighten the public as to wiz are
the extortionists.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26

/ Audenreid & Co.
Taylor, Pratt q Go.
Haas, Brniz .r 4 Co.
Day, Huddle & %.
Tyler & Co.
Quintari, Ward 4 o.
Naalusen, Bfos. 4 Co.
Caldwell, Gordon 4 90.
Jno. W. Audreas.
kear, Bro. x Co.
Borda, Keller & Musting.
And others
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26
ORGANIZED ls55.
CHIC AGO
Firemen'S Insurance Gov
Office, " La Sale Street, Opposite
New City Hail.
CHICAGO. ILL.
CHICAGO. ILL.

TFOS. CHURCH. I'M. idert. II
j. X. BOTTSFORD, Viee-Pres't
S. +. WALKER. Secretary.
The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1869-06-26
M. SCHWEI. ERR.
c . z z Z e H o u S 4 ,
ICY East Madison Street.

Opposite OTIS Block naar corner M4fs1u ana Ia Sale
streets
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

which it would be well for you 10
heed. There is not an instance on
record where young men, who were
actuated by the same principles, have
not succeeded. Look at Amos Law
renee, George Peabody and host
OF others who could be named. The
true secret of their success consisting
in the great fact that as God pros
pered them. they forgot not Hin and
gave of what He had LOANED them TO
advance his kingdom on earth. Look
at it in every light you please and
this is the only conclusion you can
come to; only this and nothing more.
How simple it is. A child may un-
derstand it-and yet men, said to be
wise, ignore it. Young man! think
off
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18
GALLIA ACADEMY
SPECIAL NOTICE.

The Trustees of Gallia Academy
have purchased piano for the music
department, and hereby announce that
the advertised fee of 80 90 for the use
of an instrument will be omitted. Stu
dents may be admitted to this depart
ment, whether otherwise connected
with the institution or not, on the same
basis as to the other departments, by
simply paying the tuition fees.
The Principal also requests parties in
town who will furnish students with
board or rooms for self boarding, dur
ing the winter term. to communicate
with him Immediately
S. T. SKIDMORE, A. b.
Nov. l8, so. PEINcIrAL.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18
The Cincinnati Gazette.

What is the matter with the Cincin-
natl Gazeftes For years, in fact as far
back as our memory runneth, more
than twenty-five years, 1t has been
considered sound on the question oi
Protective tariff, and looked upon as
an authority on that question so vital
to the interests of the people of South
ern Ohio, especially throughout the
iron region. Within the past year,
however, it has gone back on its hon
orable record of half a century and has
become the organ of free trade, to the
delight of democrats all over Southern
Ohio. The advocacy of Free Trade,
brother Gazette. will not 'tgo down"
with the Republicans of this section Of
the State. The Commercial was al
WAYS free trade, and is so now. No
change there. The people know it to
be SO, as it always has been, and re-
spect it accordingly. But they cannot
understand how Hon. Richard Smith,
connected for SO many years with the
Gazette, could change SO suddenly on
a question so dear to the old Wing par
ty and which has invariably worked to
the good of the country, when practi-
cally in force. This sudden change of
the old, honored Gazette, leaves but one
paper in Cincinnati true to the interests
of the people of Southern Ohio, espe-
cially those who are within the belt of
the Iron region, and that is the
"Chronicle." 1t is Republican up to
the "hub"-and ably edited. On the
Tariff question the Gazette is as demo-
cratic as the Enquirer. We are sorry
TO be compelled to say it, but its
course justifes it. In this section of
Ohio, Free trade would make every Ia
boring man beggar; every farmer
and manufacturer bankrupt, and the
Gazette knows it.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18
Court Record.

Court adjourned Saturday evening,
leaving large number of cases un-
disposed of. The following completes
the list of cases decided:
George W. Viney, VS.. Chas. Glen
denen. Motion for new trial by de-
fendent. Motion over-ruled, and judg-
ment for plaintiff, on verdict for $1O5
damages and the costs.
Charles A. Hill VS.. John Sanns, ir.,
ct a. Judgment for plaintiff for
$3.50 02 and costs. Notice of appeal
by defendants. Bond $500.
Leopold Frank vs.. William Lewis
and Lewis D. Clark. Dismissed at
costs of plaintiff, without prejudice.
Elizabeth J Lyle VS.. Isaac Lyle ct al.
Divorce and alimony. Divorce grant
ed, with $500 alimony, against Isaac
Lyle, with costs. Dismissed as to
others.
Enos, Menager & Co. VS.. Hiram
Rankin et'al. Report of Master con-
6rmed. Judgment on report in favor
of plaintiff for s113 "a, and COSTS
Notice of appeal by Hiram Rankin
Bond $500.
Lamp d Co. VS.. James H. M. Mont
gomery. Jury trial. Verdict for
plaintiff for 1863 o3. Judgment for
same with costs. Notice of second
trial by plaintiff. Bond $500.
Matthias Jefferson VS. Joseph Mauck.
Judgment for plaintiff for s1O8 80,
amount heretofore rendered. Defend
ent to recover costs after tender.
C. B. Blake VS.. Philip B. Shively ct
al Decree for plaintiff on mortgage,
for $3.50 38 and costs. Sale ordered.
Charles R. Morgan and wife VS..
Robert Black. Motion for new trial
over-ruled, and judgment for plaintiff.
Defendent fled bill of exceptions.
Emanuel Taylor VS.. John Priestly.
Judgment for plaintiff for the re-
covery of real estate, and costs. No
tice of second trial by defendent.--
Bond 500.
Dorothy Clark VS.. Robert H. Day,
Strother Hay and John Robinson
Judgment for plaintiff, on default, for
$433 SIS, and costs.
Edward Deletombe vs.. James H. M.
Montgomery, Henry Swindler and Jo-
siah Irwin. Judgment for plaintiff, on
default, for S676 "a, and costs.
Westley Tobin vs. James Cousins,
George Shanklin and James H. Cousins.
Judgment for plaintiff, on default, for
$26l 86, and costs.
Randall Russell VS.. Charles R. Nor
gan ct al. Judgment for plaintiff. on
default, for $si7 O8, and costs.
The State of Ohio VS.. Rebecca Wood. !
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

|
our young people to break in pieces
the great golden image of mammon
aud fashion, and lie would use his
hearty efforts to raise the S5. coo. .0OG.
The Moderator announced that for
the present thank offerings NAV be
sent to Hon. VIM. 4. Dodge, of N.
Y Judge Strong OF Phiiladelphia.
said he was at n loss tor symbol 10
express his idea Of the union, and
did not think il marriage, because
the bodies were too near Of kin to
permit such simile. The rivers con
veyed the idea of their coming from
different sources, whereas these were
streams from the same fountain head.
He could only liken it to the blend
ing of the drops in the same stream.
Hon. W. E. Dodge pledged his for
mer church to raising their share OF
the memorial fund. Senator Drake
and Henry Day made brief addres
ses. George II. Stuart of PhIlladel-
phia, being called upon, expressed
the hope that the day was not far
distant when the united body would
embrace every branch of the Pres.
hyterisn family. A closing prsyer
was made by Robert Carter.
At three o'clock in the afternoon a
solemn communion service was cele-
hrsted in the First Church. In the
evening meeting in reference to
foreign missions was held in the same
church. Addresses were made by
John Hall, W. +. Dodge and George
H Stuart.
OF the meeting at the Third
Church, another account says
The enthusiasm was grand; it was
glorious, and at times almost wild =
Such a meeting occurs rarely on
earth, and can never be adequately
described.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

@ The result of the late election
in this State, being considered bar to
the nomination of PENDLEToN for Presi-
dent, in 1879, the western Dem ocracy,
just now, are looking over the ground
for some one to take his place. OF
course, there is no more unanimity in
regard to the man than there is in the
principles of the party. Each locality
has its choice, even as each locality has
its distinctive principles. VALLANDIG-
HAM has his choice, and it is a very
singular one, looking at the antecedents
of the parties. Through his organ,
the Dayton Ledger, he names CHASE as
the coming man, and adds: "We have
heretofore expressed the conviction
that the shaping of affairs points to the
Chief Justice as GRANTS successor"
Think of it-VALLANDIGHAM for CHASE
for President! Politics are curious
study, taking the Democratic party as
a stand point. One would think the
party wanted power and Office more
than the success of principles, and any
one that would lead them to the "crib"
was just the man they sought.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

The men who took an active part
in the early history of the Republic
are fast passing away. We have to
mote the death, this week, of four
who have been prominently connect
ed with the history of the country.
Rear-Admiral Charles A Stewart
y. S. Navy, died at his residence in
Bordentown, N. j., on the 9th inst.
in the 92d year of his age. He en-
tered the Navy in his twentieth
year, March 9, 1898. He was bold
dashing officer, and won imperisha-
bic renown in the command of the
frigate Constitution during the wal
of 1872. He had been on the retired
list since 1857.
The old veteran Major General
John E. Wool, bowed beneath the
weight of over four score years, died
in Troy, n. Y, on the 10th inst.
He was born in 1889, in n ewburg,
N. Y. He entered the army at the
outbreak of the war of 1912, and by
great bravery and devotion to the
cause of his country, won his way to
the full rank of a Major General.
The Hon. Robert J. Walker died
in Washington city on the 18th. He
was Democrat of the old school,
and is said to have been the first per-
son to suggest Gen. Jackson as fit
candidate for the Presidency. He
had held many important positions
in the Government-Senator from
Mississippi, Secretary Of the Treas
ury, &c. When the war of the re-
bellion broke out, Mr.. Walker man
fully declared in favor of the Gov
ernment, and though more conser-
vative in some respects than the ad-
ministration, gave it generally his
cordial support, and was employed
by it in some important duties.
Last, we have the announcement
of the death of Amos Kendall. 1t
occurred in Washington city on the
18th, at the age of 80 years. He
was best known rs Postmaster Gen
eral under Gen. Jackson and Martin
Van Buren. He retired from that
Department in 1910, since which he
never held public Office. He was
an uncompromising Democrat, but
respected for his integrity by men
of all parties.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

Murder in second degree. Plea: no
guilty. Jury empannclled. Case tried
Verdict not guilty.
Alfred Z. Lucas VS.. Layina Lucas
Decree for dwerce granted. Cause;
adultery.
John w. First VS.. William Coughe
nour. Judgment for plaintiff, on de
fault, for 81 and costs
Samuel Lyle VS. Isaac Lyle. Salt
confirmed and deed ordered
State of Ohio VS.. james Fowler
Assault with intent to murder Plea;
not guilty. Verdict: guilty of assault
only. Sentence: imprisonment ia
county Jail for ten days and to pay
costs of prosecution. The defendant
in this case was in very poor health.
State of Ohio VS.. Sanders Page -
Burglary and larceny, committed at W
C. Miller's store-house. Plea: moi
guilty. Verdict not guilty.
State of Ohio VS.. Sanders Page
Burglary and larceny, committed at 2
Denny's residence. Plea not guilty
Jury failing to agree were discharged.
Defendant remanded to jail and case
continued.
Rumsey, Roads d Reed vs.. Salathiel
Pugh ct al Decree on Mortgage
Amount found due plaintiff 1914 SO,
and to VIM. McLeish $40. Sale or
dered.
S. 7. d R. Langley's Assignee VS.,
The Regular Baptist Church of CALI
polls and Reuben Bray. Sale con-
frmed and deed ordered.
Ethaniel Betz and James Betz, VS..
The City of Gallipolis. Judgment for
plaintiff for s410 10 and costs. No
tice of second trial by defendant
Bond $500.
John Leaper vs.. Harrison Martini
Judgment for plaintiff for possession
of real estate and costs Notice of
second trial by defendant. Bond
500.
Emily A. Andrews VS.. Mary Jane
Andrews. Dismissed without preJu-
dice, at plaintiffs cost
John W. Cherrington VS., S. H. Hott ct
al Dismissed without prejudice, at
plaintiffs cost.
Henry Vaughn VS.. Guy Fry. Sale
set aside and new sale ordered.
Alexander Shuler vs.. Anna Shuler
ct al. Partition. Report of commits
sioners made and confirmed, and sale
ordered.
Benjamin J. Allison VS.. Hannah Al
lison ct al. Report of commissioners
made and confirmed, and sale ordered.
Julia A. G. Warth VS. Charles Creu
yet. Dover assigned and confirmed.
Julia A G. Warth VS.. J. j. Cadot
Dover assigned and confirmed
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

COMMON Pleas Courts:
lsT SUB DIVISION.
PERRY-Monday February 7th, Monday,
May 9th. Monday, October Sd.
FATRFIELD--MondaY February 2lst,
Monday. May 23d, Monday, October 18th.
HOCKING-Monday, March 18th, Mon
day, June 18th, Monday. November 7th.
% SUBDIVISION.
PIKE-Monday, January oath, Tuesday
April Goth, Monday, September 10Th.
JACKS0N-Mond ay, January 3lst, Mon
dav, May I'd, Monday, September 26th
1ON-Monday. February 2lst, Mon
day, May 3d.. Monday, October 18th.
SCiOTO-Monday, February 7th, Mon
day, May 9th, Monday, October Sd.
NOE-Mondsy. March 7th, Mon
day, June 9th, Nor day, October 3lst-
81 SUB DIVISION.
Wednesday, February2d Thurs
day, April 26th, Tuesday, September 2Oth;
MEiGS-Monday, February 2lst, wed
nesday. Nav lIth, Wednesday, October 18th.
WASHINGTON-Thu ursday, March 10Th,
Tbursdav. Nav 26th, Monday. October 3lst.
ATHENS.Monday, March I4th, Thurs
day, Nav 26th, Wednesday, November I'd.
SfLAS H. WRIGHT,
ERASTUS A. GUTHRIE,
WIN. B LOOMS, SJUDGEs.
HENRY a. TOWNE,
JOHN P. PLYLEY,
THE STATE OF OHIo.
GALLIA COUNTY, SIS.
l, JOSEPH Hunt, Clerk of the Court of Com
mon Pleas and District Court, within I'D for
said county of GalEa, do hereby certify the
above to be a copy of the original order, as
entered on the Journals of said courts.
In TESTIMONY WHEREOF. hereunto subscribe
my name, and affix the seal of said
-, I Court Of Common Pleas. at the
! SEAL Clerks office in Gallipolis, in said
county, this 18th day of Novem-
Der, A. D. 1869. JOSEPH HUNT.
Cleek.
Nov. 1s, 1869.
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18
A Lesson for Young Men.

We condense from the N. Y. Lnde.
pendent, the following statement in
regard to the banking house OF
Messrs. Fisk and Hatch, of New
York, as showing what honesty, in
tegrity, economy and sound, chris.
tian profession, carried out in every
day business life, will do for a man.
Let our young men read it carefully
and if it sets them to thinking we
shall be satisfied:
"Fisk and Hatch last week sold to
the government $4,000, 900, of s. -2O,s,
delivered in one lot. They have also
had transactions with the govern
ment, previous to this. at one time to
The amount of S7,9On,000 in 5-2O's;
another of $6,000,000; another OF
S2,500,000 in 30's, and another OF
5,800,000 in 3O's; that their trans.
actions with single bank in New
York week before last reached the
aggregate of S3,000,O00; and that in
period Of two weeks, on one occa-
sion, their purchases and sales of
Government securities amounted to
S55, 100000.
The commercial editor of the hde-
pendent, after giving these figures to
show the enormous transactions of
this house goes on to give a brief
history of its career, as follows:
"We remember that Fisk & Hatch
commenced business in March, 1862,
in small office of about twelve feet
square, and with capital of $15, 900
borrowed money. A clergyman, in
whose word we could confide, and
who felt special interest in Mr..
Hatch, who was a member of his
church. called upon US and requested
that we would say word in regard
to this firm in our financial columns.
He assigned three reasons for max.
ing the request: first, the intee
and Christian principle of his friends,
Messrs. Fisk d Hatch; secondly, his
own personal friendship toward them,
then just commencing business in
New York; and, thirdly, the fact that
upon their success depended the
building ofa new church. We called
public attention, as requested. Fisk
& Hstch have succeeded, and the
church has been built.
Commodore Vanderbilt is report-
ed to have said, in regard to the
secret of worldly success: .eThere is
no secret about it; all you have to do
is to attend to your business and 90
ahead, except one thing-and that is,
never to tell what you are going to
do till you have done it." Asa Pack
er said: Economy and safe invest
ment are about the best means of at
tanning financial prosperity" George
Law, when pressed for the secret of
his success, responded: "Determi-
nation to work. and working" A.
t. Stewart remarks that he "consid-
cred honesty and truth great aids in
gaining a fortune" Our friends,
Messrs. Fisk and Hatch, who will
excuse us for these personal refer
ences, seem to have embodied all
these notices of practical wisdom;
and this, we take it. is the secret of
their remarkable success in the short
space of seven years. Such an ex-
ample we deem worthy of being
made public, for the benefit of others.
Integrity. good sense. economy, per-
severance, and pluck are the quail
ties to win success.
There is alssson foryou, yonng men,
Gallipolis journal. [volume] (Gallipolis, Ohio) 1837-1919, 1869-11-18

re- President GRANT, says the cor
respondent of the Cincinnati CONNER
ciol, sin conversation with a prominent
member of Congress, recently remark
ed that he thought he had an excellent
Cabinet. He found them all men of
good judgment, who attended tc their
official duties to his utmost satisfac-
tion,- facts which the public would
soon find out"
The public has already found out,
through the monthly statements of the
public debt, facts which prove his as
sistants to be honest and faithful.