The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1869-05-06
PAUPERIsM IN ENGLAND.
The Question of Emigration Before the House
Of Lords-Englnnd's Surplus POpuIntiOn.

of Lords -EngIand's surplus Population.
In the House of Lords on the evening of April
IL, Lord HOughton called the attention of the
House TO the question of emigration in relation
to the present state of pauperism. He referred
To the admitted increase of paupcrism, and to
the means which emigration offered for its ale
Walton. The colonies would not perhaps,
receive pauper immigrants as gratefully as they
would skilled laborers; but they appeared now
disinclined to bear their share in the expenses of
the transfer of labor and must therefore be con-
tent with an inferior kind. Even an inferior
kind would doubtless be welcome, since labor
was as necessary now as formerly to the de-
velopment both of Australia and British North
America 1t was, besides, by no means certain
that, under favorable conditions, pauper immi-
grants would continue in this lower grade.
But the practical difficulty remained, how to
provide means for conveying these paupers
to. those places where their labor
would be remuneratlvc. One way was to em-
power the Poor Law Guardians to raise the ne
cessary resources by rate, with Government
guarantee and he was of opinion that it would
not be opposed to the true principles of the most
economical of Governments in such cause to
supplement local out of the imperial resources.
In return for such aid conditions might be inn
posed on the Poor Law Guardians with respect
to the individuals TO be selected as emigrants,
and on the colonies as to providing properly for
their employment on arrival. The former body
would, he anticipated, be the harder to deal
with, and he acknowledged also that some
stimulus might be necessary in order to induce
useful elsewhere, to accept the boon of emigra-
ton. If there remained any difficulty about the
question, it might be removed by royal COM
mission; but he hoped that the issue of such
commission would not be accepted by the Gov
ernment as a reason for not taking Immediate
steps.
Lord Granville quite agreed as to the urgency
of the question. But he doubted the eXpediency
of a Royal Commission, and he was particularly
opposed TO any Imperial addition being made to
local resources. That Imperial aid was not in
dispensable was demonstrated by the enormous
amount of Irish emigration which had been pro-
vided for by private means, and any such Prl-
vate efforts would be certainly put am end TO
by Imperial aid. The general question was,
however before the Government and the Presi-
dent of the Poor Law Board had at present
under his consideration measures, to which
Lord Granville referred, for an Improvement
in the existing regulations for promoting emil
grafton. But he warned the House against an
! ticipating any too great results from anything
the Government could do in this direction. The
| class which it would be OF most beneht TO TINS
! country to induce to emigrate either would not
| emgrate or was not acceptable TO the colonies.
Lord OyerstOne thought the true remedy was
IN Il wise administration OF the Poor Law lie
! denied that there existed any necessity Tor
| resOTting to extraordinary measures with respect
to what, if left alone would find a natural re-
| mcdy. The wcalthGst country in the world, the
! capital in which had immensely increased during
the last three years. must surely have resources
! Tor the employment of its able-bodied popula-
tion.
Lord Grey concuued with Lord Overstone in
disputing altogether the assumed fact that Eng
land was now laboring under over-populatiOn in
the sense of there being more able-bodied men
than there was capital TO employ. Local conges-
uon there might he, but labor was not redundant
as a rule. He showed on the contrary, that
wages were rising and the demand for labor In
creaslng. Ii was not now for the first time that
artificial remedies for supposed exodus OF
population had been called for without neces-
sity But if ii still remained to be proved that
THIS country required emigration, it was still
l more doubtful whether there was any room or
. wish in the colonies for a forced immigration,
< particularly Of the kind proposed. Although
: asserting generally to the spirit of Lord Gran
Nlllc reply to Lord llOughton, he regretted ii
, near tlat there was an intention on the part OF
the government to empower the Central Board
a | purposes.
L Lord SainaINon agreed with Lords Grey and
, | GranVllle IN deprecutiug the measures surGestpd
5 by LORD houghton. lie denied the latter's as.
# sertlon lhat there was any great demand fo,
2 labor in the Australian colonies Ua sho,,,oa
. by reference to Victoria that thev were ey
# tremey sensitive to any surplus of l6hor. on1 H.
a was especially sure that they would NOT he soti
= fed with inferior labor. lie hoped the Govern
f ment would not promote an artificial movemen
!; which they would find themselves totally mabI,
i TO control.
+ After few words from Lord Redesdole % +,
. the i'll effects OF union rates in increasing nan
C perism,
s as to Lord OverstOnes declaration as to In
n vast increase of capital during the past thre
/ years and he Teasserted, against Lord Canai
v yon the greatness of the demand for labor /
G Australia.
. Astronomers estimate that the most remot
h fixed star is coming towards the earth mt Oh
! rate of tWenty-eight miles second. Clear Oh