New-York tribune., 1869-03-19
POLAR EXPLORATION.
MEETING OF TIE GEOGRAPHICAL sOCIETY-AD
DRESS BY DIR. HAYES-PROP0sED EXPEDI

MEETING OF TIE GEOGRAPHICAL sOCIETY-AD-
DRESS BY DIR. HAYES--PROP0sED EXPEDI-
TION.
The regular monthly meeting of the American
Geographical and Statistical Society was held at their
rooms In Cooper Institute last evening the Hon. C. p
DAILY the chair, and largely attended The min
ues Of the last two meetings having been read and ap
proved Mr. Remsen on behalf OF the Council, read the
report recommending largo number Of gentlemen for
election resident and corresponding members Inc
Librarian read his report, showing nat ava dOnatlOns
hod hpen made TO the library the last report From
the rcpor OF the Treasurer balance OF $3 ~
gnished missionary tho Rev Albert Bushnell OF GabOOn
Western Equatorial Africa, who Is corresponding mem
upon the OF collecting the various languages or
Africa The Seefearg sta stated stss GSorge Bmnd esg
pass brought to this country by the late Commodore
The President then read paper on Polar Exploration
prepared by Capt Bent OF St. Louis formerly flag officer
in Commodore Perrys expedition to Japan Tho writer
stated that the result Of his reflections the creation OF
tons to the Arctic Seas have not pursued a mistaken
route in attempting to go by the way OF Bans Bay in
stead Of Behring's Straits, or SpzberRen, aud further
more, that Capt Mcclure had stood boldly out 10 the
northeast from Behring's Straits instead Of huggng the
north shore OF tho Continent he would most likely have
found open sea. aud a warm current til no reached
the north OF Melville Island, and would then have
had sOutherly current to the Atlantic Ocean. In other
words whether the expeditions attempting the North
west passage have not gone up stream against hyper
bOrenn current frgld in its temperature and filed with
opposing ice, while II they had tired the nOre pas
sage they would have gone down stream and carried
with them the genial warmth Of directly
sea- If not to very Pole itself Capt Bent thought
that did not unreasonable 10 believe that portions
OF the Gulf Stream and KurO-ewo which penetrate the
Arctic Ocean, carry with them warmth enough not only
10 dissolve all the ice and they encounter in their
paths but enough also, 10 keep open sea about the
Pole at all Of the year, and thus pre-
vent this extremity OF the earth from becoming locked
M I'm eternal Ice aud overburdened in the lapse OF ages
with the accumulaons Of snow precipitated from the
moisture of winds loaded with eyaporaons, and carried
thence from southern and warmer regions Of the
earths surface IL probably the southern edge OF
this open sea- with its temperature OF So IN latitude So
north tnat was 10y DR.. kane's expedition. Ihe
writer said that DR. Kane called at his Oce IN New1 Ork
after his return 1885, just he Capt Beno had I'm
shed his work the KurOSwo, when he suggested TO
the Doctor that this open sea discovered ny MN most
DIR. Kane seemed impressed by tho Idea, ana IN ms
Narrative Vol l. D. 800, when discussing the causes or
the opcu water he not only admits It's possibility, but
evidently thinks 10 likely. In another part OF ms com
mppcaon Capt Bent observed that II may be that the
summer is not the best for making the attempt TO
reach the open but that the early Spring before the
calculated for success That there Is around
tls North and South Poles, with temperature perlna
ueuty above the freezing point, ne has no doubt III tins
is the case the Pole must be reached In ships ana me
only avenues by which they can enter this Polar
sea is by following the Gulf Stream or knro5Wo IN their
nOrtheasterly courses TO the soa. To ma ana follow
these the water thermometer IL the only guide. Nor
must the surface temperature bo wholly relied upon Tor
Can't Rodgers mentioned 10 him capt BenD the remark
be fact that north OF Behring's Strait he found the
water living IN LAYERS OF different temperatures FIRST
cool then warm, and beneath that coiu stratum Vi
water. ,.,--.., y, ,o,.o -, q I,o,,r
Maenetism-ts astronomical origin It's period OF reyOlu
tIo aud the svnodca period OF the earth Identical,
which was listened TO with great attention. ,,,,.
DR. Hayes responding TO an invitation OF the iIosuehl
called attention 10 his proposed scheme OF Polar
Navigation which. In tho opinion OF ALL seemed very
feasible vote Of thanks 10 the spehhets anu esol
10 proceedings