The New York herald., 1869-01-10

He promptly says ut is ali can give.n This ends
the transaction, for 1t is almost invariably ac-
cepted though occasionally the article Is carried
away to be presented at some other counter To the
credit OF the broker IT must be said that his heart Is
not, however all OF stone and he viii sometimes de-
viate from his rule and lend an additional amount,
though exceeding the fourth part OF the arti
ce's value. When your turn comes around 20 re.
ceive his attention he tells you IN few pointed
words that his business is "unusually dull" and ex-
plains that he has loaned out much larger capital
during the past two months than Is generally needed
his accumulatlons, which he is 10th 10 do, as the
things OF value TO their owners than he can
redemption as long as there was hope OF their
doing SO. You remark that from what you have
observed you would infer that business was brisk.
He al once tells you, Brisk In lending, yes; but not
in profits; pawnbroking is only profitable when
money is plenty wages high, and the borrowers re-
deem their deposits within reasonable time; our
capital il then turned over repeatedly. and the
small interests pay better than the amounts VIC re-
ceive by Keeping and selling" He also tells you
that me Ia lending smaller percentage upon the
value OF the articles now than generally because ne
knows that the greater part OF the articles now
pawned Will not be redeemed" The shelves OF his
storerOom and shop are loaded with as hetero2ene-
GUS mass IL Is possible to conceive, and he tells
you that .'there Is scarcely an article used by man.
kind that sample OF 1t does not lie at some
time upon themn This is the case with that
class u pawnbrokers whose establishments
are, as we have said, indicated by .three golden
balls' but 1t may astonsh some to learn that these
not the only establishments of the kindtn fact
that they are as various In degree as the business
signs and without signs; some into which any one
Is at liberty to enter and others where you have to
be introduced and vouched for; some with tne goods
visible; some bare ONCE, with q single desk ana
but one occupant; others with the whole range OF
rooms on foor. filed with desks, CLERKS ana
numerous iron chests, large and small; some in
dark alleys ana 0ut-of-the-way places, stunning the
light OF day, and Others on the principal thorough
class Of patrons and the amount OF capital employed
In them IL, OF course equally as various IL y esti-
mated that the amount Of business transacted IN
these establishments In the course OF one year would
IN the aggregate be represented by figure vastly
exceeding 100000; that their patrons are OF
every degree in the social scale, and that the cash
capital is itself many millions. Whether they are a
blessing or a curse It ia impossible to determine,
from the imperfect data that can be collected re-
garding them. That they relieve much distress and
want cannot be denied but that they are productive
OF great evil and encourage much rascalty IL equally
true. III
While all this indicates lamentable condition OF
things in the large cities the published facts OF the
past year prove conclusive tnat in the Tar West
and throughout the Southern States there is great
demand for labor, and that the demand il not con-
fined to particular class although the agricultural
predominates TO meet this demand we visited
CASTLE GARDEN
to learn what was being done and with pleasure we
give brief account Of the information obtained.
grafton there have been introduced INTO the country
through the port OF New York. during the year 1868,
213O00 persons against 242 coo during the pre-
ceding year OF 1867, making difference OF 1000 In
favor OF 1887 These have been distributed through
Sss york yGas and New jersey absorbing more than
all the other States together: Illinois took
oyer 9 oe aysr ana
gan and Missouri each about 1000; California, Con-
necticut and Utah, each about 40Os; and the other
States numbers varying from 10 10 1000, none OF
the Southern States receiving more than few nun
dred, except Maryland, which took ], 604.
Through the efforts OF the Labor Exchange EMPLOY
ment was procured for about 900 OF the cmigrlnts
$4,000 being males and 1900 females, about 600
being mechanics and i4,0O0 agriculturists ana
to fifteen different nationalitics, the larger
proportion being English, Irish and Scotch,
and the next being Germans and Swiss. Over
fwo-thirds could read aud write, cnd OF
these majority were tolerably well educated. The
prices obtained for unskiled labor raised at differ
sn o. ar se WAS To-
make Its own terms and ranged much higher. The
number OF applications for employment exceeded
the number employed by several thousands, though
there on hand orders for several Thousand en-
ploy6s more than were supplied, which discrepancy
arose from the inability 70 iurisn the character or
labor wanted. 0f the 5000 emigrants landed,
about 100, 600 came from Germany 10000 nom Eng
land; 1880 from Ireland 1900 IRON sweden; 1000
from Scotland. 5000 from France: $500 from SwitZ
erland and g. 400 from other countries.
THIS is certainly very gratifying result, and In
country developing so rapidly as ours. is supply
that II indispensable and ia worthy OF every ell
c0lragement. But there IL one feature In this IN
formation that should not be passed over In silence
the small proportion that go 10 the Southern states.
We are assured that it arises from no repugnance to
the climate nor from any want OF the labor Orders
from nearly every one OF those States nave been re-
ceived for large numbers, but Is with the greatest
possible diffcnlty the emigrants can be persuaded
to go there. Many Of the few VINO did
60 soon returned In the most destitute condition,
prefcrring TO suffer ali the rigors OF q Northern
climate and the pains OF want rather than remain
there From these II IL learned that they become
dissatisfied and melancholy there because they are
not treated with that degree OF respect and consider
alton that as freemen they feel entitled TO. They
r a are 10 s e negro
and fed the negroes were, upon corn bread bacon
and molasses; that there no variety In their pro-
visions, and that simply because they are laborers
they are looked upon and treated with utter con-
tempt; that having been accustomed through life to
wheatbread ana vegetable Diet the change soon pro-
duces sickness, weakness and despondency-in
word, that labor Is not respected nor properly
treated, and they cannot STAY These statements re-
there and returned cannot fail 10 have unfavor-
able influence and deter others from going.
We fear there Il too much truth In all this; that
old feeling OF poor dirty white trash" so prevalent
through the South some years gone by, has not yet
been cradicated; we have in oiden times heard it
ftom the lips OF the negroes themselves. and we
doubt not that many OF them repeat
the expression with even more bitterness and
point now than formerly. We had honed that the
Southern people the absolute necessity OF encoarag
lag white labor among them "a Il was found so
utterly impossible to utilize that OF the ireeamen
false pride, and the sooner the better. We do not
believe that this feeling prevails among the better
educated and rejecting Southerners Dut tna II does
among majority we fear Is TOO true. They need
the white laborer aud must have him, and
he IL willing to 60 but not until proper
measures are taken to make his home comfortable,
and even attractive and he must be made 10 feel
that he Is In reality respected aud regarded as an
American citizen. The class that have heretofore
gone South, however, were OF the very poorest OF
the enigrants and oft times many disposed to go OF
better class unable to do so. There IL but one
way to the difculty, and that Is TO adopt
the system now being successfully carried out In
some parts or south Carolina. let those who want
the labor subscribe n sufficient sum TO defray
the expenses Of TRANSPORTATION and supply
the laborer with indispensable comforts. APP
point an agent OF respectabty, who speaks
their language and understands their habits, Gus
toms and wants. aud whose duty II shall he 70 see
that these carefully looked after aud respected
and let him come TO New York and select the class
he wants, take them TO their destination aud remain
with them or where they can communicate with
him, so as TO act ms mediator between them and
their employers. The sums thus advanced to DO
charged TO the account OF the laborer and tn he
liqnd8scd in small monthly deductions from their
wages. Thus, and thus only can they obtain the
labor, and thus only can Il be retained
TuE HILL TRAGEDY IN PHILADTLrnIA,--A rumor
has been rather extensively circulated that Dr. Rich
I'm fhn TtCltp mol