Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1869-12-15

and Stock holm, to empower their represen-
tatives at Washington to simultaneously en-
ter into negotiations and TO conclude with
the United States conventions, identical in
form, making uniform regulations as to the
construction of the parts of vessels to be
devoted to the use of einigrant passengers !;
rs to the quality and quantity of food to
the medical treatment of the sick and as to
the rules TO be observed during the voyage,
in order to secure ventilation to promote
health, to prevent intrusion and to protect
the females, and providing for the establish
ment of tribunals in the several countries for
enforcing such regulations By summary pro
cess
Your attention is respectfully called to
the law regulating the tariff on Russian
hemp, and 10 the question whether to tx
the charges on Russian hemp higher than
they are fixed upOa manila Is not a violation
OF our treaty with Russia, placing her pro-
duets upon the sane footing with those OF
the most favored nations.
Our manufactures are increasing with
wonderful rapidity under the encourage
ment which they now receive with the i'm
prnvements In machinery already effected,
and still increasing, causing machinery to
take the place of skilled labor. To large
extent our imports may fall off largely with
ufactures are not confined to few |. entities
as form eriy, and il is TO be hoped viii be
come more difused, making the interest in
them equal in all sections. They give en-
ployment to hundreds of Thousands of peo-
pie at home, and retain with us the means
which otherwise would be shipped abroad.
The extension of railroads in Europe and the
East Is bringing into competition with our
agricultural products like products of other
countries. Self interest, if not self preser-
vation, therefore, dictates caution against
disturbing any industrial interest Of the
country. 1t teaches us also the necessity of
looking to other markets for the sale OF our
surplus
Oar neighbors south of us, and China and
Japan, should receive our special attention.
1t viii be the endeay or of the administration
10 cultivate such relations with these nations
as to entitle us to their confidence, and make
it their interest, as we'll as ours, to estaL lish
better commercial relations.
OUR RELATIONS WITH CHINA.
Through the agency of a more enhghien
ed policy than that heretofore pursued to-
ward China, largely due to the sagacity and
efforts of one of our own distinguished citi
zeEs, the world is about to commence large
ly increased relations with that pOpuous
and heretofore exclusive nation. As the
United States have been the initiators in
this new policy, so they should be the most
earnest in showing their good faith IN max
ing 1t success. In this connection L ad
wise such legislation as viii forever preclude
the enSlayemeut OF the Chinese upon our
soil, under the name of Coolies, and also
prevent American vessels from engaging in
the Transportation OF Coolies to any country
tolerating the system. | also recommend
that The mission to China be raised to one
of the first class.
HOW PEACE AND PROSPERITY ARE TO BE SECURE.
Upon my assuming the responsibilities of
Chief Magistrate Of the United States, il
was with the conviction that three things
were essential to its peace, prosperity, and
fullest deYelopement. First among these
i, strict integrity in fulfilling all our obliga-
tions. Second, To secure protection to the
persons and property of the citizens of the
United States in each and every portion OF
our common country, wherever he may
choose to move without reference to origi
ginal nationality, religion, color, or politics,
demanding from hin only obedience to the
laws, ana proper respect Tor the rights of
others. Third, Union of all the States, with
equal rights, indestructible by any constitu-
tional means. To secure the first of these,
Congress has taken two essential steps
First: In declaring by joint resolution that
the public debt should be paid principal and
interest, in coin; and Second: BY rrovi-
ding the means for paying, providing the
means, however, could not secure the OBJ
iect desired without proper administration
of the laws for the collection OF the revenues,
and an ecOnOmicacal disbursement Of them.
To this subject the Administration has most
earnestly addressed itself, with results. /
hope, satisfactory to the country. There
has been no hesitation in changing officials
in order to secure an efficient execution of
the laws, sometimes, too, where, in mere
party view undesirable political results were
likely to follow, nor any hesitation in sus-
tanning efficient officials against remonStran-
ces wholly political. 1t may be well to men
ton here the embarrassment possible to arise
from leaving on the statute books the
then so called "TenUre- of Office Act, and
do earnestly recommend its total repeal. 1t
could not have been the intention of the
trainers of the constitution, when providing
that appointments made by the President
should receive the consent of the Senate,
that the latter should have power to retain
in Office persons placed there by federal ap
pointments against the will Of the Presi-
dent The law is consistent with faithful
and efficient administration of the Govern
ment. W hat faith can an Executive put IN
officials forced upon him, in those, too,
whom he has suspended for reason? How
will such officials be likely to serve an ad-
miaistration which they know does not trust
them?
For the second requisite to our growth
and prosperity, time, and firm but humane
administration of existing laws, amended
from time to time as they may prove met
fective or prove harsh and unnecessary, are
probably all the more required.
The third cannot be obtained by special
legislation, but must be regarded as fixed
by the Constitution itself, and gradually ac-
quicsced in by force of public opinion.
THE INDIAN QUESTION.
From the foundation of the Government
to the present the management OF the orig
inal inhabitants Of this continent-the In
dians-has been a subject OF embarrassment
and expense, and has been attended with
continuous robberies, murders, and wars.
From my own experience upon the frontiers
and in Indian Countries, [ do not hold eth
er the legislation or the conduct of the whites
who come most in contact with the Indian,
blameiess for these hostilities. The past,
however, cannot be undone, and the ques-
ton must be met as we now find it. have
attempted new policy toward these wards
of the nation they cannot be regarded IN