davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

II HOPE you will be able to support
me-" said young lady, while. walking
out one day with her intended, during a
slippery state Of the pavement. "Why,
yes" said the some what hcsitating swain.
with rome little assistance from your
fathcr!" There was nothing more said at
that time.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

A YOUNG WYE demonstrated with her
husband, a dissipatcd spendthrifs on his
conduct. "My love-" said he, ~ am only
like the Prodigal Son-I .hnll reform By
and by "And l will be like the Prod
igul Son .oo,' she replied, "for will arise
and 60 to my father and accordingly of
she went.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

II is said that during The eclipse ut
Salt Lake, man bad d piece Of smoked
glass which he 10. lis wives" look
through In turn but before the glass rot
oil The way rVuud tho eclipse was sono;
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

DsYCHoLoGlC ATTRACTION OR FAs.
ClNATION, as applied 10 ,hc fnrpos Of
life \ new book, +oo.rages tuonpatiel bound
in cloth. Acurious hook for curious ptopl,.
This work Is noadvcr,ising scheme OF mere cir.
culxr, bu, coutainsfull INSTRUCTIONS TO e1ers;u
this power over men and animals. Can be Oh.
,aiutd by sending your address With pos,srcto
the publishers, r. W. RvAxs & Co., a South
Eighth street. Philadelphia. aug aa..,
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

VX7ALKER'S ADDING MAcIiINEs..-Ae..
w nowlcdssd By leading accountants 10 /.
the most practical one ever III use. !wal I'D
figures correctly in quantities ranging fro.a tho
limits Of simple addition 10, the dimension, Of
the National Debt. Statesmen wanted. San.
pic and terms sent for one dollar There i
money in it. Il. II. WALLER, 20s Broadway,
New York. Pc. Box. a,ase. aug 70
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

WIEN young men are graduated they
receive the academic degree Of Bachelor
Of Arts, and afterwards Master Of Arts.
What should be the corresponding degrees
for young women? Mistress Of Arts will
do very we'll; but what will correspond to
B. AT The Tribune suggests V. A.
Virgin Of Arts; bu, suppose that happens
to be inapplicable-the lady. may be mar
Rod. The Tribune gives j. up.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

The KISSING DEscoS.-In one Of our
puritanical towns Of New England. says
an Eastern paper, lived Deacon Brown, u,
very said, digniicd sor, Of Christian,
perfect model Of proprie,y. Deacon
Brown had the misfortune 10 lose his wife,
and at the ago Of forty had found himself
with faulty Of four snail children, with:
out mistress to his farmhouse As he
could not Immediately take another wife
aud avoid exciting scandal, and could not
get along without some one to take charge
Of the kitchen and nursery, he had re-,
course to employing a young woman as
lousc.maid. ,-
Nancy Stearns was laughing, romping
beauty, who delighted in experimenting
upon the Deacon by way Of testing the
strength Of human nature. For long
time the Deacon was invulncrable; but at
last, in q moment Of unguardcd weakness.
he was led into temptation, and commit
ting slight indiscretion" with his beau.
tiful house-maid. When he recovered his
wonted cqolness and presence Of mind. he
was Mortified at the enorluity Of his sin.
In vain he repented and grieyed Of bis lost
virtue. Finally, as q last effort Of easing
his conscience, ut the services on the fol.
lowing Sabbath morning. he arose and
requested the forbearance Of the brothers
and sisters few moments. when he cleo.
tri6ed them BY making the following con.
fession:
My christian friends, you know that
| lostmy wife some months ago. (sob. and
tcars) and that Nancy S,carns has been
keeping house for a,e. And you know
that ! have a little child not year old.
Well, sometimes that child would cry in
the night, and it would be long time BE-.
fore ! could quiet it and last Tuesday
night-God forgive inc 1.-The child cried
SO hard that Nancy arose aud cane into
the room aud leaned over the bed to hush
the child-and. brothers and sisters, her
leaning over me there made me forget
Christ" '"'
What did you do3' demanded the
minister. steruly. aH
"l-l-ki--sscd lcr'' stnmmcred out
the Deacon between his sobs, ''but have
been very sorry about it. aud prayed to be
forgiven, and want you TO forgive and
pray for me, brothers and sisters"
AS the Deacon bowed himself Upon bis
seat like the mighty oak before the ,orua-
do, Deacon Goodfcllow arose and aston
ished the audience still u,ore by saying.
Brothers and sisters. you have heard
what brother Brown has said, now he
wants our forgiveness. For my part l
believe brother Brown is truly peni.ent.
and 1 am willing to forgive him will, my
whole heart Aud brothers and sisters, I
will add still farther that il | had no wife.
and a pretty girl like Nancy Stcarns should
come into my room and lean over my bed.
and lean over me, I'd kiss her; sin or no
sin !" ,.5pytss.. .lr...1sa
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27
TnE l.Ee. The following article is

TnE LEG.-lhe following article is ep-
ing the rounds OF the press, We dial'l
write it, VS. never write on such sub
jects Even If We did, we shouldn't come
out in such plain language. However, US
the arsiclais Of localin,ercst, especially SO
TO young men premedia.ing marriage, we
give it room in our columns: vi
Some enthusiastic Frenchman once de-
clared the human leg to be the most phil
osophical Of all studies, .Show me the
leg says Gau.ier, ''aod will Judge the
mind" und it does seem quite as natural
that the leg should indicate the disposition
ms the shade OF hair should indicate the
temperament.
What slo,h, for instance, does the obese
limb betray! What shrew il the posses
sor Of a limb like walking stick? But
what gentle woman is she Of the arched
instep, the round ankle. and the graceful
pedestal, swelling to perfection aud modu-
lating to lightness. What logged obsli-
macy the rumpy leg with the kno,,ed calf
exhibits! What an irresolue soul does
the lanky limb be,ray. How well the
strong ankle intimates the firm purpose
how the fat ankle iptimates tue vacant
mind!
Young men about to marry, observe I:
The dark girl with large leg will become
fat at 80, and lie abed until midday.
The brunette with slender, very slender
limbs will worry your soul out with jcal-
ousy. The olive skinned maid with a
pretty, round limb, will make you happy.
The blonde with large limbs will degener-
ate q. IS into tho possessor Of q pair Of an.
klcs double the natural size, aud afflicted
with rheumatism. The fair haired damsel
With thin limbs will getup at FIVE IN the
morning to scold the servants. and will
spendher nights talking scandal over tea.
The little, rosy girl, with a sturdy, mus
cular, well-tnrncd leg. will be jus. the
girl you want. % u ilHg' I
If you can find red haired girlwi,h q
large limb, pop the question at once.
The short lady should always possess
slender limb; the tall lady sbonld possess
large and ample one. 7ie3 :,
No doubt these hints are reliable, and
ii,e prevailing fashions make them quite
practicable aud available.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27
/ Mas W4sr1D.-Thc grca, want Of iii

Ha Mas WAsrzD.-Thc srea. want Of this
age il men
Men who are not for sale.
Men who are honest, sound from center
to circumference, true TO the hearts core.
Men who will condemn wrong in friend
OF foe, in themselves as we'll as others
Nlsn whose consciences are as steady as
the needle TO the pole.
Men who will stand for the right If the
heavens totter and the earth reels.
Men who can tell the truth, and look the
world and the devil righ. in tue eye.
Men that neither Drag nor run.
Men that neither Gag nor finch.
Men who can have courage without
shouting TO it.
Men in whom the courage Of everlasting
life runs still, dcepaud strong
afea who do not cry nor cause their vol.
sss to be heard on The streets, but who will
not fail nor be discouraged till judgment
be set in tho cartli.
"a Mon who know their messaee and tell
il. '-.
Men who know their places and Gil
them. gq
Men who know their business.
Men who will not lie. !.
Men who are not too lazy to work, nor
too proud to be poor. @g
Men who are willing to cat what they
have paid for. s5 II
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

TIME CALOGRAM, Bal,imc,t. IA u
al Monthly Recorder OF Literature I. H.,
tSliterry affairs, Typography, Arts, Si. s.a
N1Vs, Poetry. and. advertising. 4 sk.,ss :,
for1sn life published every month. Ed:,o,i.,a.
Price one dollar per year. a box Of Coca.
speed9 Golden Fountain Pens sent TO every s.,s
suhscriS These pens write sixty line, with
one dip @ipk. sample copies lc cent?, M.
paid. E.sE RILEY, Jr, Publisher, IS .,orh
Charles street Baltimore, I'D. aug3s.sn
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27
Ere DEMO c R AT.
MONDAY 8 SEPTEMBER q.


TngSrax SrASoLgp BASSER-lr BE-
LONGS 10 Tux Quo DEAocEAoY The
father ofMrs. George H. Pendle,on is the
anthor Of ,le Star Spangled Banner"
The facts connected with It's composition
g'ys It a peculiar interest to the American
people, during the war Of 1872, Mr..
Frnnci. ll.y, with flag Of truce boarded
alai'iSk vessel 10 procure the liberation
nj friend who had becn taken prisoner.
4, thu time The british feet was making
prrpsrMios, Tor the bombardment Of Fort
S.l!cmJ, preparatory to the sacking Of
E,l,im.rc. To prevent tho secret from
transporting, Mr.. Key was detained on
heard the Bri iSh uiul-of,war during the
hight, and thus compelled to witness the
b',mhrdment which he knew, If succ-ss.
full, would place the city Of Baltimore at
tho mercy Of the British army. But,
THE rockets red glare
The bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night, a-.'
Tina. our flag was still there"
:. As the heir Of the noble patrio. who
composed the song, it belongs to Mr.. Pen
dleton, and through him to the Ohio De-
ssorracy, whosc candidate be is.
Then conquer We must.
Our cause it is just; Ia.
s.h Aud this is our motto,
IN COB Is OUR TRusrt."
"And the Sta' Spapgled Banner in tri.
umph shall wave,
Ger the laid ofthe free and the home Of
the brave" Wv
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

.T,HE CoSMIc DIAL.-witha rotating e.s
i ira! dial ons our beautiful chart oi,i,
Northern Hemisphere, the present time INA, |.
obtained all arc md the Garth, with the 5i:i,.
encc in time between any two points, E..,.ud
West. !. may be set t.any time. l:isars
ccs,iiy in the schoo! room, illustrating lou.,t,
of time at a glance. i'rice byshail, F6up bo,I.r
Address. ". II. Gardner, edIlpr S,ale L.s,,.
Syrncnse, Nav York. nug s0.n
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27
ADVERTISEMENTS,

II H E D E NJ o @ R A T
go FoA FOR 1860,
In taking barge of TnE DExocRAr, il
becomes us to lay before our readers q
summary Of the principles BY which We
expect to be guided in couductingit.
As our friends are aware, we are DEM
ocrnt, and the papor will, so far as our
ability permits, be advocate of those prin-
ciplcs upon which We consider the perpe-
Unity aud welfare Of -four government.
depend. 7gf.
In advocating our principles, te shall
endeavor to do SO in manner that viii be
IWN A osJ 5'u hi
creditablc alike to ourselves. and The cause
Ill In Il. s7gGial ~ reg
we represent. We shall indulge in no
personalities, hor abuse any for taeit lief
but believing tn soft words and Nh
arguments, that the cause for which labor
needs nothing but clear exposition to
render it triumyhat, We shall enieayor to
to present the great principles Of Democ;.
racy which underlic the foundations Of our
government, in such manner rs sLull
carry conviction to the minds Of the sober
thinking men Of the country.
We shall have no policy but PRINCIPLE.
---aud We shall adhere 10 it through all
the changes which the futulc may bring
us. Believing thu. the cause of Dcmoc.
racy is the cause Of civil goverumct, we v,
snall advocate that policy in the admins
trasion Of our National affairs, which shall
tend to restore our government 10 il.
pristine purity-briug back to us an era
Of good feeling between all section, and
sl Gt.f +Iai--4s lI..4N ~
peoples, lessen burdens Of tho laboriug
poor. and make us again free, united
and a happy people: ...s, y.
III our State Government, We shall de.
mand reduction Of the countless hoard
Of officers who arc eating out the sub
stance Of the peorle.--a wise, statesman.
like policy in relation to immigration and
internal improvements cessation Of all
proscriptivc and class Legislation. which
tend only to keep up a feeling Of bitter
ness and hatred between our citizens, and
al. ga5 81! hIiIH 1Cl iaaJf
an economical expenditure Of tho public
funds.
ioj Our best energies shall be used for the
improvement and development CT our State
and County, aud in speaking Of our local
affairs, We shall do SO Independently and
boldly. e. -..,.
We shall endeavor to make the paper
a welcome visisoc to every household in
the State. Each number will contain
matters Of interest to all classes-tlic pol
itician the farmcr--.tlio merchant-the
laborer.-and tho ladies. .. .14H
a-lg n % ,.i5 iuwi be
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27

"A STORY is told Of young lady, teacher
at Sunday-school. who, one or two Sun
days ago, asked youngs,er what was
uratsimony. He mis,ook the question for
purga,ory, and promptly answered:
"a place or state Of punishment in this
life, where some souls suffer for short
time before they 60 to Heaven" ~ iap
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27
MAnk TWAIN thu, murulurs over Ad,

AW BTaVo
The tomb Of Adam |! How touching Il
was, here in laua Of strangers, far away
frtm home and friends, and all who cared
for NE, thus to discover, the grave Of a
blood relation, True, . distant one, but
still relation. The uncrring instiuc, of
nature thrilled its recognition The foun,
tain Of my 6lial affection was stirred to its
profoundcst depths, and ! gave way TO
tumultuous emotion. Ileapel upon a Pill
lar and burst into tears. deem it no
shame to have wept over the grave Of my
poor dead relative. Let him who would
sncer a, my emotion close this volume
here, for he will find little to bis taste in
my journey through the Holy Land.
Noble old man-he did no. live to see me
he did not live to sec his child. And
l-I-alaa, ] did no, live to sec him,
Weighed down by sorrow and disappoint.
nlent, he died before was born-six
brief summers before was born.
But let us try and bear it with forttude
Let us trust that be is better of where he
is. Let us take comfort in the thought
that his loss is our eternal gain.
The democrat. [volume] (Weston, W. Va.) 1868-1874, 1869-09-27
Hacker. Creek, Leni. county, ". Va.

All kinds Of Blacksmithing done at the
shortest possible notice aud the most rsa-
sonable terms.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19
TERMS OF TIE HEES.

THE DAILY NEWS, by mai one year SO; six
months SO; three months s2; one month 16 cents.
Served in the city ut FIFTEEN CENTS o week, payn-
bic to the carriers, or so year, paid In advance
at the once.
THE TRI-WEEkLY News published on Tuesdays,
Thursdays and Saturdays, one year So; six
months 81; and SO cents q month for any shorter
period.
SUBSCRIPTIONS In oil cases payable In advance,
and no paper continued after the expiration OF
the time paid for
ADyKRrIsExENrs.-Firs insertion Is cents q
line; subsequent Insertions 10 cents line. Spe.
Cial Notices is cents limo each insertion. Busi-
ness Notices 20 cents q line each insertion. Mar
rlage and Funeral Notices One Dollar each. Cuts
and Electrotype Advertisements will be inserted
on the Fourth Page only.
NOTICES OF Wants, To Rent, Lost and Found,
Boarding, de-, not exceeding 20 words, 25 cents
each insertion; over 20, and not exceeding 80
words, 40 cents each insertion; over 30 and not
exceeding 40 words, so cents each insertion. All
announcements to be published at these rates
must be paid for In advance.
RRHTTTASCEs should bc made. by Postomce
Money Order or by Express. II this cannot be
done, protection against losses by mall may be
secured by forwarding draft on Charleston pay
ablo to the order OF the proprletors OF THE NEWS,
or by sending the money In a registered letter.
Address RIORDAN, DAWSON 4 CO.,
No. 149 East Bay, Charleston, s. O.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19

Of France, where they are now concentrated,
to the south of that country, 50 rs 10 be nearer
the supply of Indian cotton, coming through
the Sucz Canal. AS an illustration OF the atlvan-
tages of :hc cotton factories being situated near
the Mediterranean, 1t Is stated that during
the past six months tic Austrian port of Trl-
este received ID, 3G3 bales from Bombay; while
Marseilles received only G673 bales; and the
cause of this disparity, 1t Is asserted, arises
from the fact that the cotton manufactures Of
Austria arc nearer to the coast than those of
Franco. The reduction Of the freight charges
OH the raw cotton, as affecting the cost of.
manufacture, has also been under considcra-
tion In the United States, and the merchants
of Memphis and other Southern cities are in
vitlng the cooperation of Northern capitalists
in tho work of building factories as near as
possible to the cotton fields
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19
A Southern Pacific Rnilroad-Chnrles-
ton Terminal, Point.


Our Washington correspondent has been
informed Of all the details OF tho scheme
now on foot for building Southern Pacific
Railroad with two terminal points on. the
Atlantic coast-Norfolk and Charleston.
No subsidy whatever will be asked for, and
Congress cannot we'll refuse to grant the
company aprotective charter and the right OF
way through the public lands. The scheme
is in the hands Of capitalists who have moth
Ing to do with the Washington lobby. In
the winter or spring, o loan OF sixty millions
OF dollars in first mortgage bonds will be
put on the market, and assurances have
been received that one-half Of the amount
will be taken in Europe.
The building Of an inter-continental rail-
road. which can be worked as safely and
regularly in mid-winter as in midsummer,
is commercial necessity, and we do not
doubt that tho Southern Pacific Railroad
will, sooner or later, be built. And whom
the time comes, both Norfolk and Charles
ton. will be ready to accommodate oil the
trade and travel that the new limo can give
them. -: -<--'' <il"
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19

cmissaries, in striving TO ruin the white man,
have driven the negro to destruction. They
cannot deny it. The evidence Of one of their
own chosen leaders stares them in the facc.
Ono moro dainty extract:
"7he ballot may be tie one thing needfut
'Me'e; Cat IL seems 10 me, soap, sand, fine
'!ooM COMBS, pots, kettleS chairs, tables,
'%n'res, forks, spoons, decent food, cooking
'dnd clothing, glass ,cindomS, and euen
looking glasses, should at least go side 6y
"sit7e, if they may not precede tho rights Of
suffrage and OF sovereignty.%
This was all that the South demanded /!
We were willing to give the negroes every
protection under the law, to care for them,
to educate them, to improve them and to
enlighten them. We asked that decency
and intelligence should come first and the
ballot last. AS it is, they do not even 20
side by side. The negro is steadily sinking.
Instead Of rising to the dignity OF his posi-
tion, he drags down his new honors to his
own level and smirches them with mire.
Unless the hand OF the Southern white man
be stretched out to save him, the negro is
physically and politically degraded beyond
oil hope OF redemption. We cannot now go
back and take from the negro his privilege
OF voting. We can and will strive to teach
him to use the ballot for his own good and
the good OF the State. If we foil, if the ne
gro cannot be lifted up, upon the heads OF
Mr.. Parker Pillsbury and his political COL
leagues will rest the responsibility Of defeat,
as upon them now rests the responsibility Of
every sin and folly OF the emancipatod ne
gro. We do not fear the result. We be-
lieve that we can drive out the scalawag
and carpet-bagger, and teach the colored
people that work is prayer, that freedom is
the liberty to TOLL that the ballot must be
used for the advancement of white and
black alike-and not for the benefit of the
Jacobins who now prey upon the vitals
OF the State. This we believe we can do;
and no thanks to Mr.. Parker Pillsbury or
his equally fanatical and less outspoken
brother.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19
Gonratio,taI.
LANGuAGE,-CoN1

EHRENCH LANGUAGE.-CONyE
IL TIONAL GLASSES BY MAJOR l.. DubOS.N
IL Is an acknowledged fact that the FRENCH
IN the most acceptable society; hence the neces-
cally taught In Its every particular, ana especial.
" with reference to its pronunciation and accent
Few arc capable OF conveying the exact intona.
tion OF Its variedt rich and opuient words. which
are its fufcharacterIstics unless they them
selves have It native to their conception OF speech
and comprehenBlon.j a. - : - Dii>1'
Nearly every. one who has had educational ad-
ynntages, has In some measure studied its ele.
ments; but very few confess to o real and true
knowledge OF It's properties. How necessary
tnen, 10 acquire 1t from one who lays legItimate
Giaims to mastery OF every principle that un.
derlies Its requirement.. -"
The undersigned PROCESSES to teach French MS II
shoud be taught scientifically, Theoretically and
practically, and guarantees TO convey in reason.
apie time, such knowledge OF Its groundwork ns
VIII insure, tunless the pupil is beyond instruc-
uon,l success In Its attainment. He deems refer
ence superiuousi but to those who may be In.
clned TO caYil, he desires interview and refers
80 the ladies' and gentlemen and Seminarics i'm
tnis city, where he teaches by his own method
ana not by the hackneyed one from superficial
Inc Undersigned having returned to the city
mas opened Evening Conversational Glasses for
Gcntiemen, at his residence No. % King street
Also Classes Tor Ladies' In the Afternoon.
friVate. Lessons attended TO. The Clnsses meet
IN 3erge and handsomely furnished Parlor.
Respectfully, L. DuBOS, IA.
oCtIS w, No. d King straet
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19

THE Sumter Radicals have nominated
Warren w. Ramsey, colored, to Gll the
vacancy In the Legislature from that coun-
ty. There is much excitement amongst the
colored peonle 8.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19

FURNISHING GOODS.
The handsomcst supply ever offered In this city,
consisting In part MS follows:
BAJoU'S PARIS KID GLOVES, OF all shades
Laport's Paris Kid Gloves OF all shades
Trlfousse Paris Kid Gloves OF all shades (al ccle-
brated makers)
Castor Beaver Gloves
CalfsEln Gloves
Alert Cape Driving Gloves
BuclsSin Walking and Driving Gloves
Tanned DcersSin Gloves
Buck Gauntlet Gloves
Suspenders OF all styles, including the Russian
Brace, with Patent-lever Buckles
Cardigan Jackets
Travelling Shnwls
Fancy, Colored and Black Silk Tics
Bows, Scarfs and Cravats, such ns the Dumas,
tile Parislnn, the New Brighton, the Shake.
speare, the opera, Alpine, &c.
4n ALSO,
uNDERSHIRTS AND DRAWERS, In all quail
Ties Including tho Angola Flannei Merlno Lambs
WOOL Canton Flannel and Shaker Flannel, &c.
COLLARS OF Paper and Lineh, such as the
Grays, Dickens and bismarck, OF Paper; and the
Byron. Thalberg, Dickens, Egbert, Shakespeare
and Burlingame, OF Linen.
The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-10-19

MISS EMMA e. HOLMES WILL RE-
III. OPEN her School for Girls MONDAY, October
Hn, - az NO 20 Wall street, one door from Calhoun.
lEHE EXERCISES OF MRS. BLUM,s
II SCHOOL Will be resumed on MONDAY; Octo ober
5ta at her Residence, Mary street; opposite Eliza
eesn; AN thS branches OF an English education
'augnt. Music and French II desired = ~!