, 1869-05-09

Ic r2y6 them On DIS county Seas auu PaIAt
nd otl Its more cosuJ town maneton He pAys,
hough very lightly, at his brea8fsst-saole IN Inc
oorn,ns; II he goes ont hunting, he pays upon hts
o.ze. and hounds; II he ahooss, he pays upon his
ameleeper and dogs, ard for hts own license To
ft and tie rays on his nask At the corert aide and
a the cRur which circles It's smoke into The al. II
is wife drives oct, be para upon the coaenmAn-
ce horses and carIt1ge, Ao1 on the nlmot1al bear
ugA II he gives dinner party, he pays upon the
latc, upon the wine, and uron the butler and foot
nan behind his ehalz- Up till now, he has paid .
AZ upon the lnsu1ance Of hts house, hut thi. has
,easet BE pays II he goes 10 Law, and II he adds
o his e.tate he pays st1ll more. The tr1fssman
uandlag behind bis counter pays upon his house
INT, shop, und upon the food nf RiA household; he
7ays upon hts licenses; he pays upon the legacy
10 hts wife, and upon the house or neld which bis
tnther has LETT; and he pays By small deibets On
receipts and checks lie struggles In vain, In YES
~ or corporation Against tho continual growth Of
parish rates The ~erkrsan pays only on his cot
tage snd few articles Of consumption lie pays
on his tea or coffee and sugar In the morning, on
the ten {aa, hix wife and cnlldrcn drink Al noon
and which he himself takes ia cold bottle to hts
WORK, and that they all drink together Tor sheir
evening meal lie payp on the ripe that no
smokes IN walking home or b! hs
nrestde, and he PAYS on his glass Of spirits anu
water, and his daily gtaAs Of beer. Is 70 the gin
palace, the custom House Ot1cer taxes toI-nzu-
1ptiyely spcal1ng-nt the door, An excise oincer
stands bckstle tac til, and set4es nearly hall the
kr,ee Of every glass that Is poured Tens Of thou-
sands arr mere fuunsl1 for drink, and out OF their
folly Englxnt1 drawn more than ak millions OF
money, twelfth Of her whole revenue; sutnc1enE
10 errrnrt han her navy, and nearly sumcteut 10
feed her de stttuse poor! .... ....
EFFECTS OF THE erArI REGULATIONS or HOURS or
LABOR.
II lila ANT RRRxS9
year ago. regulating the hours Of laboE ol !acso-
ries and workshops, and providing = variety OF
limitations to the employment Of women and chill
dItn, is matter OF no slight interest 10 every
country. The experiment Ia Low being tiled on
large scale Of State Interference between the
"h1nds ~ snd The employ en-, and Intelligent po-
lneM economists and politicians are watching the
Consequences. Tnls week the inspectors VINO
are employed by the government have returned
tnetr tzzt reports, and have tnst been examining
them
Tnc new acts Affect nore or less cvrry hands-
craft pursued in London, from hlaeking and black
len,1 establishment 10 perfumes and the most DEL
icxte osaeuccs. from pickles to pianos from build
ing bricks to artificial teeth. To many Of these
there has been no dlGculiy In adjusting The new
regulations As Fnle, the average hours Of work
during the week are In many Of these employ
ueuts less than those uxed By lhe law; but III the
In which large proportion ol the working people
Of London .rc engaged, the application Of the law
nos been productive Of more checkercd re-
su!ts. ThI5 ls trade which, through
ali It's ra1nincauous, IS essentially
"season trade Tor several months ta each
year they have little OF nothing to do; IN otne1s
they Are called upon to do too much In theSe
c,zee notifications nre allowed IS clear TIM
,nc law rho1.d, IN every possil'c Circumstance,
state distinctly the rules to be ohsefFcd- Aod tnat
as little as possible should be left 70 the dscfcton
| Ct the Inspector Every nanufactnrer on2ht 10
Tee, perfectly satisfied that the restrictions upon
the labor OF his "hnnds should he neither more
| nor Ies5 than those upon his competitors aad nc
ought to f,e cogntxant Of what his competitors are
able to do. Tbs wss the case With tho Factory
act Of ~, which repeated ali those
r .gulXilons which depended upon the discretion Q!
An Inspector, and laid down absolutely the tcgua1
| tons to be rhsesved. Iut many OF the tr2dcs
affected tr the last acta It has been found, require
different handling from that which u practicable
Tor iabor IN cotton, w0ol1en, or nax factory: AMI
as this could not be defined IN the acts much HI:
tscn lett to the discretion OF the Secretary o.
SAFE, guided by the facts brought before htu
by the INSPECTOR. Hence, both to pArttcual
0 trades generally and 10 particular dfUs, Eodaa'
cations have, in this WAY, been granted
the ssmc being advertised In tht
London t;az-ttt.-tn paper mills, In tTsdcs deallnt
with molten metal or gtass; In newspaper PRINT
ing onlces, ami IN shops and warehouses II whief
he persons employed arc OF higher CASH. thai
factory operatives. Thus, the hours OF wufS In INT
factory districts are from .. m to r N, bo
these hours, suitable Is they are In Lancashire o
Yorkshire, are rrprgnaut to the habits and wlshe
| OF operatives In other towns- and the lnsfec1o
has been obliged to grant permission 10 work f1N,t
\ q. m. to S =. N. Instead Again, 1t Il oecadona
| ~ of Importance tnst another day should be sui
stitutcl for the Saturday half holiday, and o1osf
| permitting seeh substitution hATe been lssuet
| Sometimes the forced cessation In the 8fte.noo
| has been rendered useless By the discomfort
| the lodgings Of The young persons emloyed. .
| compared With their worktoo1nA Thuz, IN th
straw bonnet warenouses In Bedfofdshtre-
county In which Ar. Reyerdy johnson Was
poeucAl-tne Inspector gave direction thai, on
/ cc.tu!n SATURDAY. work should ceAss At hall-pa1
, | four, and all tho "young ladies " were, for ono
coMrulsuf1y dealt With, and seat home On 4
rtytng there, tho lodging house keeper. offended
!. | the highest degree With their unaocusscnaed
tzns.on On her Saturt1y afternoon and the duts'
e sic owed her family and her children, rstcd the
s 20 soundly, nuddled IS theJ were upon eas
I. others knees for want of room, that they COZ
= | bear no longer, and 30 they all went TO bed
d | that hour, and wcfc not seen again till late
h | next day, which was Sunday. .
t ArA11rhx AZ An EDUCATIONAL NKAsERI-Y
: (tne Of The most notable features manifested
the application Of The Fnctory acts to the L.
II don trades and manriaetcrcEs Is that, up to
y time they have proyed va&2e1ess - education
messu,cs. The result has been this: that In eai
a where children under twelve yeArs OF age ns
:" been emnlo, I'd, they have beeu Dismissed, j
Il their pisces have been oiled up With others v
arc oycs twelve years OF agc Employers hu
=. made no effort 70 adopt the haif-salne or eda'
tional sys1em simply because they can set IS ua
ID ,ocng persons over swrtse ycass OF ase Is II
= = choose 70 employ. An Inspector writes:
- sin eou1c ct lhc btances OF trade carried on
IA rr:yatc houses suany young children arc With
~ ~ l doubi esunlo, I'd. In The Bethnal Green and 81
be AfGc1dt Ds1rc.s, for example. there Ate N,
~ hundreds engaged n the uanufae:.rc Of LUG,
q. rsatrh and other small boxes, and IN other y
\" .ccupat.ous To the<c the Workshops Rezulat
aet srples: tu. II = e.sy 70 cnaeEsna n ,a ,a..
~ ~ the houses ., the root in Be,anA Or
he an.l Srttalrcsis nrr surrounded Win nj
:s. a;ta'a n'ssT1 in iss ~h,en as ,srEe ro1tion
~ tie population Of these districts ar stecped !
sent In the meantime susupetaale oaI1efs 70
.x. successful application Of any educational NJ
~ | Gre tEave visited = considerable number
~ houses Ia the Ea.,-en.l IN which veEF soang c
dsn ae .e en1{se Il 81 q asn L
,s cr1f.ent test ,he5r wA& but Doubtful battle E;
~ | on tc,xcen sAc inmates, tnd hunger and 10
~ l s,pn SIX, eight. aud occasionally E1ofe per:
~ | sleep work. aad ca; IN apartments Tut lev
us sauayr and il is Clear thas sone other henet
| MEASURES NEST 6C A90f1a1eA WIKI Inc
-" torr sets ere they can psudeutiI or suece4aull
~. nrrited TO thi:. the lowest stratum oi indus
.te1 nc IN Lontlols."
~ Hard or TIE Rws-
the r, aerus that in the Eas1-enh Of London
ing r,,ufnct,,re Of cigars Is largely prosecuted
~ Jerx and before the Factory act WAS apple
NJ. n. c,rsr man uuiacturc II WIS fhcir common
The t5ce 70 e,nploy females and young persons On
sew dsx mornings for = few hourL All Sunday
~ NJ TITS KIND Is foEbtduen hy the FActory Acts
ence tcns,on at: and although II u tine thn
ago: h,<e The right to employ females sod Jooug
sons on Saturday evenings nom IN
,r1eA ret this modification Ia zltogetaef 'AaeaE
issp ;nsufnc,ens- The employers say II = hos pta
'nds hle for then, to get such persons 10 sosA %
aso; ur.ay. and, AZ they break o1 from tneu weea
n, bor On Frtdar aI,e1uoon, the eject OF sae te
paI- tions nov lmpoeed upon their usde - =
tutc- The vcesx WORK to four DAYS snd nau. :
ayeis thts .erious reduction tn the hours Of wos
11os sole objection they make 70 INC oPe1 .
act They explain that Il the girls sao yuon yn
sons enazzed in c4e1r.rnaktng were AioN
leas- play from Friday afternoon TIL Moooa5 w
a1ster each week. "thcI would oc 10 Sill ana ctu'
mcut manipulating the tobacco On the lA'set y
ras Of the work they produced would be necess2r'
70 Aq- very inferior quality ....
lIshal TUE NAnkas or e7IFoRnsH1RK.
'e Gn- surgeon who has been prsctsing fof
Feech- sea1a IN paftsh Inhabited BY mske1s o. n
Of the the County Of 8s2dordshtre, fetuTns rtp
h'm the government OF tho moral aad socaA COZ
rdefed Of Lie people, whica u 70 kEApair and q
o1cafg ill., : e.. saai,aza - NonA OF u