New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-10-30
SCIENTIFIC NOTES.

The CoLoRs OF FOLIAGE.-The London Athe-
naunl says Experiment has confirmed the conclusion
of American scientist that leaves turn red at the end
OF the season. through the action Of acid since ono OF
the elements producing the green color must be yege
table blue Autumnal leaves placed under receiver
with the vapOr Of AMMONIA in nearly every Instance
lost the red color and renewed their green In some
was rapd and could be watched by the while others
particularly certain oaks turned gradually brown WIN
out showing any appearance OF green
OENOLINE.-M. MOrat gives in a German
journal the process separating oenolne the cOorng
matter met with IN genuine red wines obtained from
grapes 1t composed Of ten equivalents Of carbon, ten
Of hydrogen and five OF oxygen Young red wines con-
tain, moreover, pigment soluble In acetc and batyne
ethers with blush violet color becoming green by
mOna. ana finally turning brown. Some chemists con-
slider that this matera! is identical with cyanine II
very stable compound and Is only found IN young
wines The coornc matter OF wine IS OF interest
as atfording means for detecting authorizations ahd ar
fetal substitutes Of wine.
The CAUSE OF MOISTURE IN SILK.-M.
suida gives, in the Paris Cosmos account OF his ex
ponments for The purpose Of ascertaniDg what causes
silk to absorb small quantities Of moisture. which,
although not readily manifest TO the is easily
detected by the hygrOscOpe. IL Is wellknown fact
that crude silk is very hygroscope and some doubt mas
raw silk the interior hbronc was the chief seat OF
this great ayidy for moisture. The author has taken
aydty Tor moisture is by no means the same for all kinds
OF silk. portion Of which had been deprived Of its
natural gum while another portion was III US native
state Tie result Of very series OF
nbrOlne, VT
essential silk fiber self and not its documentary parts,
gum chiefly the seat Of the hyRtoscOpic properties
the fiber also effects its microscopic properties In 100
parts OF natural yellowculored silk, according 70
2OGG; albumen, 2l43; wax l89 apd colorng matter,
OO5. In 100 parts OF white natiye SIX, nDrone I+Oi
geatine, 1903 abumen 2547 wax, LII resinOus and
fatty matters OSO.
CYANINE.-According to NJ. Morat, the color
ing matter of flowers consists first Of cyanne or blue
pigment; second, a pink or rose-colored matter In
reality identical with the first, and only altered by an
aedity of The uice third two yellow colored matters
xanthne insoluble In water, and xantheine soluble In
the metals OF yiolets or his flowers; by means
Of boiling alcohol bne solution IS obtained,
which soon turns brown, but Is restored e,,efi
air. In order to obtain the cOorng matter IN pure
state the alcoholic solution is evapOrated 10 drynes ia
wherein the blue pigment is soluble while fatty matter
and resins are left behind the aqueous solution
is prccpitatcd by means OF acetate OF lead;
the ensuing green-colored preclpmte Is DC,
composed by sulplluretted hydrogen, filtered and
TO dryness in water. bath the residue In exhausted
with absolute alcohol and the cyanne precptaed from
cystae, is soluble In water and alcohol aud insouble
an ether acids turn It red and hISaIles green u Is
cOlOrizC cyanine oxygen restores the Color inc rcd
and once Isolated exhibits characters identical
with cyanine.
RESEARCHES on REsINs.-M. SAGE, in a paper
published n the Ann0leS dc Chemie d dc Physique gives
the result Of experiments with rosins embracing cOpa
amber dammar, cOOphOny common rosin lac or shel
lac elemi. saRdarac mastic. and carnauba All
these resins fused quietly when heated excepting amber
shelIac elei sandarac and mastc which swell mp and
increase in bulk. Only the Carnauba wax mrlts In boil.
ing water; resin becomes pasiy therein; while dam
shcllac elemi, aud masc agRutnate. cOpa amber aud
sandarac do not change Alcohol Of IS per cent strength
dssoves neither amber dammar, but agglutiuates
copal partly dssOlyes elemt and carnauba wax, aud
completely dssOlves rOsin sheac sandarac and mastc
Ether dissoyes dammar, rosin elemi. sandarac, aud
mastc; partly diysOlves cafnaubR wax, makes eopal
swell, but does not dissolve amber and she9c Acelic
acid caIses cOpal TO swell acts slightly on
earnauba wax, but has effect the
otler resins A hot solution Of caustic soda
ism or lO7D dissOlvcs shellac readily, rOsn with
dficty but has action the rest In bsuphlde Of
carbon, amber and shellac are nsolable dammar and
rOsn are soluble cOpa simply swells while elcnl san
Guilty Oil OF turpentine dssOves readily mastic, dam
fner rOsin elemi, sandarac, carnauba wax II causes
cOpa swell mp but has no action on amber or shelac
Snpburic acid Of specific gravity has no effect
earnauba wax all ether resins II dssOves and cOlOrs
brown executing dammer, which becomes bright red.
Nitric acid of 39 sp does not dissolve the resins but
coloTs earnauba straw yellow clemi dirty yellow,
and mssiic and eandarac bright brown Animona does
dissolve some OF these resins bat causes copa saAdna
ana matic first TO swell ana finally 70 dissolve; rosn II
dissOlves very readily. r