The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 1850-1873, 1869-12-17

| any c6Dlc DetOn&luB 70 any company III
corporated by the authority Of the Unitet
States, or Of any State in the Union, ant
on their part not to oppose the establish
ment of any such cable. In consideration
of this agreement, l directed the with
drawal Of all opposition by the Unitet
States authorities to the landing Of tn
cable and to the working of it until tn
meeting Of Congress I regret to say tina
there has been no modification made il
the company's concession, nor, 80 far as
can learn, have they attempted to secur
one. Their concession excludes the capi
tai and the citizens of the United State
from competition upon the shores o
France. recommend legislation to pro
tect the rights of the citizens of the Unitet
States, as well as the dignity and sover
eighty of the nation, against such an as
sumption. 1t should also endeavortO secure
by negotiation, an abandonment OF th'
principle of monopolies in ocean tele
graphic cables. Copies of this CORES
| pondence is herewith furnished.
The unsettled political condition o
| other countries less fortunate than ou
| own sometimes induces their citizens Il
come to the United States for the sol.
purpose of becoming naturalized. Hav
| ing secured this they return to their 1a-
tive country and reside there without dis
closing their change of allegiance. They
accept official positions of trust or honor
which can only be held by citizens of theiI
native land. They journey under pass
ports describing them as such citizens
and 1t is only when civil discord, after
perhaps, years ofquiet, threatens them, OF
| threatens their persons or their property
or when their native State drafts
them into its military service, that
the fact of their change of allie
gisnce is made known. They reside
permanently from the United States.
They contribute nothing to its resources
They avoid the duties of its citizenship,
and they only make themselves known
by claim of protection. / have directed
diplomatic and consular officers Of the
United States to scrutinize carefully all
such claims of protection. The citizen OF
the United States, whether native or
adopted, who discharges his duty to his
country, is entitled to its complete protec-
ton. While I have voice in the direc-
ton of affairs, shall not consent to in
fringe the sacred right by comforting it
upon fictitious or fraudulent claimants.
On the accession of the present
Administration, it was found that
the Minister for North Germany
had made propositions for the ne
gotiation of convention for the protec-
ton of emigrant passengers, to which no
response had been given. TWAS conclud-
ed that, to be effectual, all the maritime
powers engaged in the trade should join
in such measure. Invitations have been
extended to the Cabinets ofLOndon, Paris,
Florence, Berlin, Brussels, the Hague, Co.
penhagen and Stockholm, to empower
their representatives at Washington to 81
multaneously enter into negotiations and
to conclude with the United States con-
vention, identical in form, making uni
form regulations as to the construction OF
the parts of vessels to be devoted to the
use of immigrant passengers; as to the
quality and quantity of food; as to the
medical treatment of the sick; IS to the
rules to be observed during the voyage,
in order to secure ventilation, promote
health, and prevent intrusion, and to pro-
tect the females, and providing for the es-
tablishment of tribunals in the several
countriesfor enforcing such regulations by
summary process.
Your attention is respectfully called to
the law regulating the tariff on Russian
hemp, and to the question whether to tx
the charges on this article higher than
they are fixed upon manilla,is is not viola
ton of our treaty with Russia, placing
her products upon the same footing with
those OF the most favored nations.
Our manufactures are increasing with
wonderful rapidity, under the encourage
ment which they now receive, with the
improvements in machinery already effect
ed and still increasing, causing machinery
to take the place of skilled labor to a
large extent. Our imports of many arti-
cles must fall off largely within very few
years. Fortunately too many manufac-
ures are not confined to few localities, as
formerly, and it is to be hoped they will be-
come more and more diffused, making the
interest in them equal in all sections.
They give employment and support to
hundreds of thousands of people at home,
and retain with us the means which other
wise would be shipped abroad. The ex-
tension of railroads in Europe and the
East is bringing into competition with our
agricultural products, like products of
other countries; self-interest, if not self
preservation, therefore, dictates caution
against disturbing any industrial interest
of the country. 1t teaches us also the
necessity of looking to other markets for
the sale of our surplus. OW neighbors
south of us and China and Japan should
receive our special attention. 1t will be
the endeavor of the administration to
cultivate such relations with all these ma
tons as to entitle us to their confidence,
and make it their interest as well as ours
to establish better commercial relations.
Through the agency of more enlight-
ened policy than that heretofore pursued
toward China (largely due to the sagacity
and efforts of one Of our own distinguished
citizens), the world is about to commence
largely increased relations with that popu-
lous and hitherto exclusive nation. As
the United States have taken the initiatory
in the new policy, 30 they should be the
most earnest in showing their good faith
in making it success In this connec-
ton advise such legislation as will for
ever preclude the enslavement of Chinese
upon our soil under the name Of Coolies,
and also prevent American vessels from
engaging in the transportation of Coolies
to any country tolerating the system. l
also recommend that the mission to China
be raised to one of the first class
On my assuming the responsibilities OF
Chief Magistrate of the United States, it
was with the conviction that three things
were essential to its peace, prosperity and
fullest development. First among these
is strict integrity in fulfilling all our obli-
cations, Second, To secure protection to
the person and property of our common
country, wherever he may choose TO roam
without reference to original nationality,
religion, color, or politics, demanding of
him only obedience to the laws and proper
respect for the rights of others. Third, A
union of all the States with equal rights
indestructible by any unconstitutional
means.
To secure the first of these Congress
has taken two essential steps. First, in de-
claring by Joint resolution that the public
debt should be paid principal and interest
in coin. Second, by providing means for
paying. These measures, however,
could not secure the object desired with
out proper administration of the laws for
collection of the revenues and economical
disbursement of them. To this subject
the administration has most earnestly ad-
dressed itself, with results, believe, salts
factory to the country. There has been
no hesitation in changing officials in order
to secure the efficient execution Of the
laws; sometimes, too, where in q mere
party view undesirable political results
were likely to follow for any hesitation in
sustaining efficient officials against remon.
strances wholly political. 1t may be well
to mention here endorsements possible
to arise from leaving on the statute books
the so-called Tenure-of Office act, and to
earnestly recommend its total repeal. 1t
could not have been the intention
of the trainers of the Constitution,
when providing that appointments
made BY the President should re-
ceiye the consent of the Senate, that
the latter should have the power to retain