Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1869-09-15

OF every nousenolo, tnat we propose ID con slider
readers.
VInegsr is doubtless the first acid with
with which man became acquainted. As IL
generates so reactly in dilute solutions Of alco-
hol, which contain a ferment, 1t must have
been used cofemporaneously with wines itself
a very ancient beverage. and formed spoutan-
eously from the expressed Juice of the grape.
wine TO intoxication." The account is Sc cir.
cumstsntial that NO doubt is left that the pa
II arch was Well acquainted with the art OF
vinous 'fermep alton; and he could not have
Kept wine Withhold witnessing ats trans:orma.
ton into vinegar. The pleas ant effects of wine
led no doubt TO the trial of vlne22r, w..iS. -
but another name for sour wine; and lis power
IL assua ging thirst, its culinary and c1nserva-
tive properties must soon have been apprer,.
ated. Some OF the chemical properti, OF acct
acid or vinec ar were also known at an esrIy
day; "a for example its solvent ao,ica, with
sftervescrnce, upon clrb0natfs. This appears
from the follow ing Proyerb OF solomon (coap
XIV, 20,) "As he nat taketh away a garment
in cold weather, and as -iaegdr upon nitre, so IS
he that singeth songs TO q heavy hear" To
undeIs land the Smile we mus Gaow saat tue
word "niter" in the original is imp-cperiy
3 -anslated "ni're." Luther has sndRrad IL by
c1a'e," which il mo',s -itsN', as that sr1.
s'ance does eterve'ce with vinegar, who las
not the slightest action upon nItre.
Having thus traced knowledge OF the Sa'Cc
CT vinegar to the earliest times, let us nov
c irs Ldsr tLe rroc S of ITS manufacture "a
alcohol; as besides this. If we except the bril-
liant results which BerthoIet obtained a f-w
years since, enabling him to form in =. 4li
quhHtitles from ttctr oen elsmsr s, al oG5l aud
several huno red allied substance tn IA il n m
one other source from which to OBJ ain ec,ti
scid, viz: the destructive disiillation OF ve-p.a
BILE and animal substances, aud e,pe cialIy OF
WOO. AS the preparation of vInezsT from
wood epgenders with il a disagreesble EN- py.
reu ~ : Z L., from which il Is freet with
difficulty. IT is never Us, in the Household,
hnt - an M ar,s for purposes IN which the
nall IL vn,tn oh
Every vinegar used for household purpo ,as
Aas, iTOn TIE sal hest PEI 100 of its use, H.
SCi.ce IN ai-G:. =: " uu'l the year 10 tals
alcohol was always taken as found already
lTepar d III fernrntsd Juice Of f~u -. - U,ue,
cider, &c. In 1874 Bsr3"Iius uie.Js 'ret ne
correct composition OF acetic scIi- t1s IN ~
= ame yeSr lie sausSnre performed tlR SAL,
:. rvice for ialcohol. These facts afo.4 { Lac
-Aeory y. The transformation OF alcohol -
''' ~ T npiy, in ls22, after Pro.
lessor po"bsrein T, of lena, had discovered that
a waek solution Of alcohol brou ght in coutaCl
with fine powder Of metallic platinum liz the
pressure OF Air, was converted into acetic acid
ne vas enabled to give the theory Of vinegar
n -icf icture which is now almoss universe Ally
s"Hp'eo the process, in which diluted alec.
mol Is exposed to the air in contact with beech
shavings and ready formed vinegar at an eIe.
Sated temperature, is very appropriately
named tue quick vinegar manufacture, for the
Sote diff renee between it and the ancient
ia. tn~d OF llaxILs vinegar by the exposure of
wine, cider 4, In the air consists in the
greater speed with which vinegar may be %.
taiYed.
Cider besides con'eininga certain per csntage
Of the elements Of alcohol in the ap pie Juice OF
which II is composed, Is much improved b-
additions OF sugar and spirit which are n
quently made to it while IN course of prepare.
tiCn. In vinegar made exclusively from apples
however, there is as much variety as in anv
other vegetable production and this variety
depends not only upon the character of the
fruit, but upon the manner IN which the sue.
cessive lamentations are conducted. just 50
bread, unless carefully and skillfuIIy made,
Will be sour and unfit for food, SO apple Juice
unsklllfully msuaged may generals out little
alcohol, and that little make propor;ionately
less good vinegar. But we see, it is the al
cohoilc principle in the barrel of cider which
process SD slow that even the patience of the
country fai iner tires under il. Every giobuIe
OF the alcohol must be developed siugly, acted
upon by the air and aceuied before a result
can be obta,ned.
Scisnce directs that the same element in
larger quantities, but segregated, in drops
brought in contact with the air over a much
greater surface. aud under proper cir ans; an.
ces, w MI produce the same results TO an almost
u Unlimited extent, and with a degree OF purity
unsurpassed by the old methOd--and this as
we have before said, lie 1.-The quick vinegar
process. by means Of which almost the entire
vinegar. SO well estaoii-ned is thus fact, and SO
it,sIacturS the suits connected with IT, that
n IN. large picking houses al the N orth, where
great quantIti6s Of fruits and vegetables ara
Pvt II" f"- cons-'t consumption AT home and
aoroanZ,ns wn,skey vinegar is preferred, be.
cause OF the nrmness ana greater degree of
perfection in which the articles put up in IL
are kept-standIng the viciss udes of climate
II, n aaeir .ransmis Son across tne Tropics. End
r. Ian Ire y ir original qualities in a f.r b.
cegrfe tnan was the case before. The officers
OF our army, too, seem to have their attention
direI I'd 70 the superior excellence of the ar icle
referee to; for an examination Of the public
pre- IS Will show that the ommtssarie, in
charge OF We such leading points as Chic. 20
ana omahs in Drovidine their supplies foI
H., I'M ,.s., Mt u, asa, .lYng other things, for
len .nou and gallons OK whisky vinegar These
facfs s"ry' - indicate the impor tau of the
discoveries 70 which we tsve aIiude q. as well
rs the gre at res uls following and likely 10 to-.
low rom them. II Is fortunate for the inter.
ests OF mankind, In view OF the limited pro-
ductIon OF cider, compared with the immense
consumption OF vinegar every where, that such
is the case; and especially cur own country.
using from one hundred to one hundred ana
twenty millions of gallons an ualiy OF thus In.
condiment, has reason to place
smong the blessing of a bountiful Providence
the discoveries which chemistry has revealed
to us during the past few years in rslard ~
this in sresting subject.
The WARRINGTON GEORGETOWN AND
ALEXANDRIA RAILROAD. - In the Equity
Court, Judge Wylie, to day Mr.. L.wis Gle.
phane, Receiver of this road, submi tied his
report for the months OF June, July anu
hususts WHICH was referred TO the auditor,
be states that he received bis appointment
J nne 9Th last and found Messrs. Stephens and
Pheips receivers. appointed by the Virginia
courts In charge, one IS General Mauager
and the other rs Superintendent thev
having been appointed by his predeess.
sor, MI Lathrop, and he did not deem
lt expedient to make a change; that the
roe T. ON the bridge - the Baltimore depot is
In very bad condition, aud Will have to be re.
newed Don that the bridge for q time had NOT
en- In condition for travel, but, a few piles
placed under the five wide spans in the Vir-
ylp Ia channel had made il safe enough for
Ire get cars to be passed over, and the bridge
nav rg ht IN rspair6 J, freight teams are now
being passed over.
THR POTOMAC 'FRONT.' Since the reports of
the movements around the Whary
Lave been exceedingly light and there is
'Ca' ely anything to note. The steamer w w
Colt, Capt. Ryther, from Norfolk arrived a.
ialts whsrf at les O'Clock to-day, over two
hours benindhand, the delay having been in
consequence, as we understand, of the heavy
Ie'ght which was shipped for Alexandria and
The list of passengers was not
,u'e AS large as those of previous trips, though
mere were sufhcient number to make the
ZIP Pheasant, and 70 show that the line SO
ecently established, Is necessary Institution
between the two cities. The steamer Arrow.
Stackpole ~on deck" took down TO Moont
erDon, large party Of excursionists and the
usual mails for Marshalls Landing.
TRIAL AT THE JAIL.-Yesterday Martha |
Foster was arrested by Onicer Anderson in |
)Olordonia (over the Eastern Branch Brideel.
n the chtrg OF adultery, preferred bv her |
husband, Middleton Foster, and the case was |
card BY Justice Handy at the Jail, where the |
Complainant Is confined, in default Of bail to |