The New York herald., 1869-12-08
yvor,s of rio FORMER Counci.I

1ne twenty Ecumenica Councils which have pre-
oseded this the first Council Of the Vatican may be
recapituated in the following order OF enumeration
as 70 the period OF their assemblage and rcsults:-
The Council OF Nice (325l, against the Arians; 2,
Of Constanllnope 5si,, against the Maceaonans;
B. Ephesus t4all, against Nestolius and the .feia-
gians; 4, Cnalcedon ti5l), against Eutychus; 8,
chapters; i, third Of the same city t65Ol against
the monot1cists; Z, second Of Nice les7,, against
against Pnotius; o. irst Council OF the iateran
(l2S, to regulate various matters OF discipline; 10
second OF the same iisel against Arnaul de Bres-
cha; II, third Of same ullO), on discipline; II,
fourth OF same (l2l6l against the Aioigenses; 49,
Lyons l2i5, against vac Eaneror rtedsrca ~ the
busu Moses Jesus, Mahoner!; y, second of the
same city ll2ai) for union with tho Greeks; i5 OF
Ie OF Pisa Q40ah against tne great sctisn OF the
West; II, OF Constance tIi14 against the hussites
nd uaon W es 81 s o ia @
Q4iIl which ater twelve years OF dissension ter
minated Ia schism; 20, oil Trent tl545, l66S which
had 70 undergo still moro v.cissitades tnan It's
In its Carrier sittings 1t only counted four arch.
bishops aud twenty eight bishops, DuS III its later
stagea 1t possessed lil pfeiasea
or the work OF the eariier--perhaps more fervent
Councils, special correspondent OF the HERALD
writes from London thus:-
or the lrst Councils IL may be said that the work
Of eight waa clle,y tnar OF denains Theological
dopmas. Eight Councils were held Ia the Eas6 anu
Greeks; for incJ TOOK place before The separation
between the Eastern and Westera Churches. Tue
Greeks were always ore less speculative IN their
IDEAS and during the frst ages Of the Church they
yebeed against the doctrines OF the Trinity oil the
incarnation and OF the Divinity OF our saviour.
The famous Aran, Greek by birth, but
n priest OF Alexandria by occupation, was
the founder OF what is called IN the Catho-
Lie Church the Arian heresy. lie proclaimed
boldly that Jesus Chriat was nos equal TO GOD the
Tatner, and was, In iacf but q man, although with
3 slnlcss nature. This Eeresy spread ali over the
East with rapidy that nothing could SOP ana was
throughout the various chu cnes IN Africa ana Asia.
II was to combat tAls doctrine that the iirst ECU
renlcal Council was called together at Nce In the
Tear 325 and tucTe $50 bishops dec,aed ana pro-
CLAIMED that Col the son Is equal and consubstan-
tIa with God the Father. There also, II was that
the ..Nceno Creed,v which is All enlargement or
CevcopITent OF that which is called the Apostles
Clecd,h was drawn up, aud IL to this day used as
tna Roman Catholic nlissal. as wei as the BOOK or
Common prayer OF the Protestant Episcopal Church.
About ty OF Sixty ears aiser the Couacil of Nice
Another bcresy sprung INTO existence, the author OF
which was Liacedonius, Patriarch OF Con-
sanano2e. the cnef neat'Ta TIvnlv "a 'l,s aHc tSc
Holy Ghost, the third person OF the Holy trinity.
This error, or neresy, was also very popuar IN
deed tnroushout tnc East ana hnmeaoas ~ @ M,ana ~
NICE. aso Joined IT,. ~ the same l,lne ne ano,ner
neresy the exact contrary Of Arianlsn, appeared
rom M s ta ssiea o Siss pen L wa a
Manchelsm, ana pronounced that Our saviour hau
no human BODY or human nature, but was IN nii
respeots p.a oivme, ana only divine. ihe Churcn was
q tnls period very much divided indeed, for
throughout the East the Episcopal authority was
almost entirely IN the hands Of the Arian
m,sp' 0mlsnops' sae lay people having embraced Manl-
Clergy ilono holding what would now be termed the
TUE d0clfuc On these points, For This reason, and
had become prevalent IA tue East the ilrks Council
OF C0nstantinole, wnich second on the list have
BTtnapoys, was nsd, anu decided tue principles oI