New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-07-06
THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.

THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC
HAMMOCK OF THE RIVER PLATE; COMPRISING
BUENos AYREs, THE UPPER PROVINCES BHxsSDA
ORIENTAL AND PARAGUAY. ny M VI anu e a. ~ nm So 5oo
HALL editors OF the Standard Vol i. sVO w, ~.
Rnrnos Ayres: STANDARD Printing Office. NewYork;
Collins Brother. .
This large octave volume printed on the dusky
paper and with the type peculiar to Spansh-Amerl-
can countries, Is in more than one sense mark OF
the progress made by the Argentine Republic during
the past ten years 1t has evidently been compiled
with great care, and in connection with the ne"
mans of the country (which will be given with the
second volume) will furnish tolerably complete
picture of the material growth and development OF
the Federation over which our friend, Don Domingo
Sarmiento presides. We were at first little startled
at finding that the price of the work is 500 per vol
ume and that living, in the first hotels OF Buenos
Ayres costs from $50 to s12O per day, until we made
the discovery that the mark represents the paper
dollar. which is equivalent to four American cents
We are informed that the Republics OF the RIVER
Plate including Paraguay, cover an extent OF VOOoO
SQUARE miles, and have population OF ABOUT thIee
millions 1.-THE climate is the healthest on the face
of the globe the inhabitants are very friendly 10
foreigners. civil and religious liberty prevail ID the
fullest sense"-but here Paraguay certainly cannot
be included. The present volume, however IS de-
voted only to the city and province of Buenos Ayres'
which we are told. equal all the other thirteen
wealth. and population. The city of Buenos Ayres
has doubled since 1859, having now population OF
100000, while the Immigration from Europe which
ND 10 1862 averaged 5000 per annum, now amounts
70 25OOO-mostly Italians, French, English, and
Spaniards There are SIX railways in the Republic,
with $50 miles open to travel, 100 in construction,
and seven other lines projected one of which, run
ming to Cordova in the INTERIOR will probably DC
extended to Mendoza, at the base of the Andes. we
doubt whether any South American nation can
show similar progress
The farming stock of the Republic comprised, IN
1866, with population Of little more than mn
lion and q half, 100000 horned cattle 5,oOO'VVO
horses and nearly 100000 sheep! Wheat IS now so
extensively cultivated that the former importation
from the United States has entirely ceased Inc
great increase in the productveness OF the country
seems TO be chiefly due to the foreign clement
which in the province of BuenOs Ayres amounts 10
10000 souls-about onehalf the population Oh this
number the Italians have contributed the largest
sbare-7OOO0 the Basques 10000, French and Irish
3d. 900 each and English and Germans 10000 each.
The Basques and Italians become mechanics ana la
borers the French small shop keepers the Irish cat
tie and sheep-TaseTs, and the English and Germans
merchants and traders. OF course such large infu
sion of foreigners has had marked effect upon tho
native society," and Buenos Ayres, account of ITS
cosmopolitan culture appropriates to itself the title
of " the Athens of South America"
statement of the colonies established in various
parts of the Republic gives interesting account
of number of families from California who in 1867
established themselves in the Gran Chaco-a great
unexplored region lying to the westward of Para
quay. and traversed by the Rio Yermejo, which is
believed to be navigable. The latest reports from
this lonely American colony. at the close of 1865
represent the people lourishng, and entirely sat
isfed with their venture. There is also sketch Of
the attempts made TO COLOMBO Northern Patagonia
and we learn that the valley of the Rio Negro Qat
400 81 is rapidly filling up with English families
| Under the wise and intelligent administration of
| President Sarmento, much more of this grand,
rich. and healthy region will no doubt be re-
claimed from its savage state; the lonely rivers
will be navigated, the pampas covered with
network OF railroads, and we need not
look very far into the future for overland COM
| municatiOn between Valparaiso and BuenOs Ayres,
| which shall divert much of the traffic with Chill
from the perilous route around Cape Horn. Already
the Central Argentine Railway is built from Rosario
to Villa Nueva a distance of 40 miles, and will be
completed to Cordova by the close of this year The
| extension of wagOn-Toads and the construction of
| bridges for the purpose of establishing cOmmunca-
ton with all parts Of the Republic, has been arrested
by the Paraguayan war, but government, once en-
tered upon the way of true progress, will not be
likely to turn back. As picture of what has been
accomplished in few years, the work of the Messrs.
! Mulhall possesses a real and permanent value.
The authors offer some excellent advice to immi-
grants In the list of individuals mot wanted they
mention lawyers newspaper reporters graduates of
universities, clerks, and unemployed gentlemen If
the latter they say, have sufficient money TO buy
flock of sheep they will probably get Disguised and
sell out at loss. If they have not, they out of
their element, unwilling to work hard and will de-
sire some lucrative post which they unable to fill
The statistics of the province Of Buenos Ayres are
very complete, giving even the names and dimen-
sions of the estdncias, estates. They contain a
great deal of minute and useful information
| ing the agriculture and productive industry of the
people, the soil, vegetation, climate, &c We have
space for extracts but refer all readers interested
in the Argentine Republic to the book itself.