, 1869-04-05

undeF The authority Of TIC Un.ted ssates In
mother scnteDce Ills taid doHn With equal ex-
Judge by habeas eorpus to inquire into tne eaa.s Of
tor.al limits Of .he State L tao Judge
fo1 Inc right TO exercise the power tnpos4s
the duty TO discharge 1t In proper cAses-tnJ1lEe
iulo the cause of imprisonment md nnds tnss It
Il without cA1se, or for : Cause which under the
Iaw, docs not justify It; that It Ia upon The process
Y coust having no juris4!csion Of the pesor q
eRa ins nc vi EhoIe % psoeesasa @
ths imprisonment il In vtoih.inn of constitution
md the tnw, both State and Federal: H. Ry, undcF
vnt nss not power 70 Ktre relief the proceeding i
. motrcry. i scrsca no other Po1poss than 70
bring 70 shn judicial tnowieysxu q the Jadec the
Ncmed tbs moAs sacred- unmplea upon wh!lo na
possesses no power 70 grant relief Such doctrine
Is inconsistent with eTey principle Of law and .ra
quotations a most apparent and uatrAsea the fact
how even great mind may be NJ fauik In tho Sop
port q N erroneous dossrnes .,. - -.
light Of history, and the eanst1 producing them
and their roucunttant tacta md Circumstances
iIy. ] know Of no rraB0n Why tho decsalorN Uf the
United states Supreme Court Aaou3d be excepted
from this rale nor wv tae ntEn .sspeSt II Hnisn
10 apply It to ALlrsnan r. B4nh ThAt case Maa
decided y ten uie Institution OF slavery controlled
this Eoye5nnsns when Wy @ u Inc ncsas o c,q s
actcr. The judiciary. And other Departments OF
The government, were alike subject 70 ita influence.
pn,pe Court cf tic United esaieA and certain Con
Errssional cnactntnts were t1esfgned TO nAtonn}-
izc anA propagate the institution, 70 open the
States and Territories TO The traffic IN hunan be-
irgs A. chattes, and to give tie master. by sum-
mary proceeding under the most stringent and
crutl taw, the right 70 capturp nis ha7e wherever
tonnd IN tbs frcc S.aies Of the Union.
The Cnnxt,:ution Of the Ntatc Of Atssth.trpt, BY
express words fortraAc the Introduction OF slaves
lilo Tint siate ns Mcrchant1se. In GroEas "a
.>lasgAtsr. - Pct u, the Cnhet States Supreme
Cour held lhat this positive prohibition VISA SIM
ply directory to the Legislature, md not operative
without leR:klatire enactment. The buprGme
f.es thar tie pros is}on nt tie coasututoa referred
u operated prohibition 10 the Importation Of
finscs ns merchandise without the aid Of laws 70
lsA the t'nltcf States Supreme Court tlsreSaIrled
these ntljudcations q the Mississippi Court giving
force and effect 10 this constitutional prohibition
Of an tuhuInan trntc, antl 0lhercd to the former
| rLnX, The kAusas-NefraskA act cl 1854 opened
| fire territory Of The Lnpn 10 slavery. In bred
| the Supreme Cour1 went step further and opened
all the Territories to the tnsstuttun The fugitive
slave law Of lss0 Was harsh anil cruel In the CT
trrrne. II provided that the question Of etty Of
human l~!nK should hc dctcT1anud without d Jury,
Etl0tc mere Commissioner appointed to take de.
| Ios,tluns. etc. who was clothed with rlcnatJ
ela1cd the alleged fugitive to tc rlare, twice the
amount be coulf lawfully seccve IL case he found
him to he tEcs MN This Law was sustained. ~
ttIc EupFtme Euurt Of the United StAtex And
here thiA eontf1lllnr poFes Ia our GovernmcHs a
that lnae tho Institution Of klaserJ, demanded re
eosnition of the doctrine Of 4 bttnaa B'oh n.
harsh provisions Of tht Fugitive tsfave l.1 OF 1854
were Eclnisivc 10 the pcaple Uf the free States
and BtronR sentiment agzlnAt the Institution o
savr na ss1c Mas oTS ~ aon tai "
ttol. under the wt Q! Audras to77rs to inquire int
tile causc uf the imprisonment Of those helt Ynlr
Federal authority, M tripc'lilncot as It WIS sup
Dj}3Ei1. 10 The pXrFutiBn yt Nnr1f
he removed. It will be remarked that Abtu.an "a
Bo@th as"eil ~ other caacs In the Federal Courts
oui q TIC execution Of ias fngltl,e Aay
law. The doctrncof that case should ila Wit
the institution whosc dcnn144 callefi It Into er
btence- AZ we now remember with regret tn
Liquidation OF Congress- and the decisions Of tn
United stplcs Supreme Court prompted hy II
aggressive spirit they should all, the Fugitiv
Slave law, the kansas-ScbEaska act. iiouan RI
Rknntlls, Dred Scat e., 6antvri, and .1bkman II
EtHfh, bc forgotten together.
Ihase c1amined, with al the, care the brte
time grsen for the preparation Of thia opinion VI
! permit the d!scuHaiona upon the ROVER Of tn
Federal Government, "a conferred By the const
tuition. contained IN -EluotA Debates and the Fec
clatmeL, BY the friends or opponents OF the !nstr
ntnt, that the State Courts ART, BY that instr
ment, stripped Of the powct to relieve against NJ
lawful Imprisonment under Federal authority, an
d0 not 1nd any fears expressed BY thos
who were untrtenhly 10 the constitution. ths
any such elaim q assanIsoa OF rower would est =,
AA+"N
people were even more Jealous and vatchful
Their liberties than 1T 1htA, for the experience
frcsh in their minds, and eucroachmcnH upon the
ltbcrtiea and other atsotute rights which they ha
possessed under the English Constitution, wer
from the time Of Charles l., the cause Of frcqnel
; contents besu cen the people and the Fovernnen
both IN the mother country and the colonies II
not possible 1t could have been Imagined at TIL
ns 1t then existed in the states, was In nnv VT
, | abridged hJ the constitution: Indications Of sut
! | views would have appeared in some shape, fro
the opponents of the nstlutnent
{ will now proceed to refer brieny 10 the adjuc
! cation Of the Federal and State Courts upun: th
question. l will nos pretend 10 enter into an G
I animation OF the cases, or = discussion OF Il
principles announced n them I have not Il
1 time 10 DO 10. nor 10 know that 1t would
. profitable
! The question has not hcen directly before Il
United states Supreme Court except In the CT
/ Of Alk7nuR 70. Booth. l learn from text boo
thar 1t has been determined Ia some OF the Unit
!. states circuit aud District Courts In favor 81 q
exercise Of the power bJ the State CourtA ha
+ not, however, seen repuEta Of fuch caseA ! h.
I Circuit Cour1s denied The power: One wai q
q In The Circuit Court for the southern District.
s New YORK, tef4rc Mr: Jrs71ck NELSON, who,
= trpt,cal with those in Attr,naa r. B4'
: / have seen no more OF the charge tn:
is- M sontalnsa IN nusd oa sa'Ao. .,,ssI1s Gz1st,
rs supporting the sane doctzine-Is Norv4s n Ne
= TN. = Nclra o. In ny opinion the views Of
= JrsT!cE AcLEAS - therein expressed asn
d I Arely Nooortant With tho exercise Of the power
e the State Courts 10 the full extent clalmed-
: says: ~ have no hesitation IN sa5tnk that the
a,sa see Of S4e nnasr It's orn s n
one Of more AtpdarttR, .aay Issue writ Of hab.
d rr,efr AMI inquire lniu The eausc Of detcnt1t
at .e!s y special md limited u,satfton
tne pa ~ 'rs ,ha ", III ~ GSn.sss
d made proof Of iii elaln before SOME judicial 2
"a .utsna7rd I'm "a tarc rno fursuyss to Eentuc
j. 1nass S.rts h~lno STATED M ina ca,
il. 81 1tt.nLon "oula n9Ss 'eFalna.e" nnMas
g lafisleto4 u ., wv 1,td .1,r.r tn..
~ WIZ e eh ho,s ,,d"r rs,o,,,r rsn1No,1,r whi
q u tina IesPecE Esahoans % .aas1t d1 tne 81, ~
ho ace sause o. s ;,. ,,,E sS oin ~ ~
u .ster sfs as' ftssS LUZ te.eu fae iuKityss i
40 ~ lnE !sSsn eusa .. ny nasss, s ,t.oaas ~
cs sM'1a, sno,aaGa y 3yI,s LIZ 81 H. Eos NV =
S9Ese1s .pe1s ,s,nr ~ ea ~ ~ fu,tvr. nv tho ma
" tne eustoH " t4e - ~ ~ sue M -
nr being admitted, - stated n the return On tne
nc has eo77u.. eTer! -steI taktn subsequently .9
fJ aealns4 AM a9o ny tao1Atl1u .! uHn@
~ GOV M JIs1Nh hCE1A* u.Ns IVY ~ st,s ~ ~,
ia - StG s1e Sso.o h.s ssS - -ha m
n,c @ fsg ~, nelu nnne. au.non r. -
M y, ne eaHse q Their W attention wss legal -
.aa 1s ns ,saFnsn 1ar aa 70 or
Vp,tea "a ;asss VIII xttnouS III teal % esa,t aa zss
tnat tn s11ss u1n oS a lesse 10 iii ,Har. hs
IN e4iI H%.sSH
- ! c3se meaning, VIII sLa1o tas1 tsuE =
n nas OF hatta3 e1'Pu, tnS P]at..o s pIouEa1
+, indicted ~ elano lNy u tne 1E
The Court O. tals county tu9 stan
rs ceny. IhertuFon my lulsolcuon Suas -
~! inc ftstIAot leRN. ~. suplNso aAe .eta :.
~ closes mar ne 10 nolcsso ~ HeasoA 1SAuies y,
lC Sasrss sr9 ~ ~nn inTT haa no tnrf-dsetion to
- h,1 d ,n1 ,1 t1Hy,,r4tan n T. nos tnsreh1
F~d tnc bail, 4uN my Julls0iIotA = NV L4eseoy
va. mna.ea ~. ~ n.tnt, i, rcs,-a1n. ~
~ T saHSs saet .aS pIIn n,<on ~ tes,rs1nea,
~. by grad jury OF tue In1ted STATES Nistltct
4 ~ Of Iowa fer treason against tae Cnl1ed Seate
i - ! have no right TO question the Ae1ton OF E
ate jury when II possesses 1urlsdttoon and fen
lac ne palana hai 1e ~ a,,s1H,e!tn, n1-
A., | ht0 uEoD Al 3ndflueHt loE etfs1%ucL1S q :