The Bossier banner. [volume] (Bellevue, Bossier Parish, La.) 1859-1952, 1869-07-10
Cotton Spinning.

-
employed over ten hands, 13from
two to ten, and 6 but one each.-
The total number of hands en-
ployed was flag, there being 1863
men paid by the day and 227 by
the peice, and 1858 women paid
by the day and 497 by the peice.
Among these were 233 children
under is years Of age-129 boys
and 104 girls. The total value of
the annual production in that
year was $3.50, 1886 francs.
In former times, cotton spin
ming was carried ON very imper-
fectly in Paris, and it was neces-
sary to import the greater part of
the yarn used from the Levant,
India and the Antilles. In 1851
Louis XIV increased the duties
on cotton yarn and diminished that
on wooden yarn, hoping that Ly-
ons and the other manufacturing
cities would devote themselves to
spinning with morn care and &C
tivity, but attempt was vain, and
the new duties were soon after re-
pealed; the attempt was repeated
with little success in 100. From
| that time great encOuragements
were given to manufacturers;
spinning shoots were formed in
several provinces, to which were
attached mistresses to instruct the
spinsters. By 1853, Mr.. Feydan
de Bron had made at Rouen by
the order of the Council, cards
after the English pattern, but the
French used the spinning-wheel
alone for spinning cotton until
1880, when the first machines
were introduced.
Between 1760 and ITO the
English found the means of max
ing several threads at once by
means Of the machine called a
Jenny, from the name of the in
ventor's daughter. 1t is not
known to whom the honor of this
discovery belongs, some ascribe
!, it to a manufacturer of reeds,
named Highs, others to a clock
maker named Ray, others to a
weaver named James Hargraves,
who appears to have invented
carding machines.
The Jenny only made threads
for the woof, the throstle afforded
, the means of making the threads
of the warp, but this machine re,
quired a great powor to work it.
In 1879, Samuel Crompton com
bined the peculiarities of the two
machines in use, und constructed
the mule by which may be obtain
ed threads uniting the sottness of
5 those made by the Jenny with the
: evenness of those made in the
thrOstle.
During the early years of the
Restoration, the use of steam
? gave new impetus to the spin
Z ming trade, an improvements were
gradually made in the machines
employed. One of the most re-
+ cent and the most important in
: the self-acting Mule.
!, The operations of cotton spin
6 ming are somewhat complicated,
] At first the fibres are opened and
!. cleaned in beating engine, after
which they are passed through
cards of different sizes and forms
I. according to the kinds of cotton
: used and the coarser or finer mum.
{ bers to be made. Roving-ma
chimes take the laps from the
i. cards, dress the fibres, make them
L lay parallel and soften them, after
I, which are spun upon the mule.
The large manufacturers buy
q their cotton in America, while
I others buy it at Hayre or Mar
:; settles. Three-quarters of the cot
+ ton used in France, whether long
z or short stapled, comes from Car
u DINA, Georgia and Louisiana.
d Many cotton-spinners are also
weayers. Almost all common
calicoes are made in the large es
!, Establishments where power weaving
> is carried on with spinning, an(
. many manufacturers also prin
2 the goods made in the establish
= menss.
At Paris there are large cotton
spinning establishments, but Their,
are many houses of the first anC
e second order which are Target,
!, engaged in the manufacture o
o thread for sewing and embroidery
d These establishments dye ant
/ bleach their products; they pu
, them up in balls or skeins, and il
1. word, they deliver them read,
for immediate use. These sci