davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21

We find the following In Watts Chcmi-
cal Essays: .It Is acknowledged by NIL
anssthetics, such as ether. should be pure.
To obtain II thus, In the present state OF
pharmaceutical chemistry Is not very DIFF
ficult. Reliable manufacturers Of the ar.
ticles are well known. But not so with
nitrous oxide. While It is fully as impor-
tant that 1t be pure, 1t Is more likely to
contain impurities than other anmsthetics
and instead Of being obtalnable from rell-
able pharmaceutists, the operator has to
prepare 1t himself. II Is not to be won
dered ut, therefore, that mistakes occur,
and mischief Is done.
Protoxide of nitrogen or nitrous oxide Is
usually obtained by the decomposition OF
nitrate Of ammonia. Several cOnsidera.
tons in Its preparation are worthy Of close
attention. The nitrate should be abso-
lutely pure. Its composition. rs Its name
indicates. Is che equivalent Of nitric acid
united with one OF ammonia. Nitric acid
Is composed Of one equivalent Of nitrogen
combined with five Of oxygen. Ammonia
Is formed by the union OF one equivalent
OF nitrogen and three Of hydrogen.
Now II will be observed that the three
elements composing the nitrate are when
free from all gases. BY their native elias
ticity they have tendency to resume the
gaseous form. This elasticity is increased
by heat; and that Is the reason that heat
alone Is able to decompose the nitrate.
AS the decomposition takes place. new af-
finitics assert themselves.
That between oxygen and hydrogen Is
perhaps the strongest known to chemis-
try. Accordingly the three equivalents Of
hydrogen take three Of oxygen, and
form three equivalents OF water. The re-
naming two equivalents of oxygen take,
each, one of the nitrogen, and form nj
trous oxide.
When the nitrate Is pure and perfectly
dccomposed, the only results are three
equivalents of water aud two Of nitrous
oxide. But the nitrate Is sometimes con-
tamlnated with sal-ammonia, In which
case. chlorine, a poisonous sufiocatlng
gas. will be comminglcd with the nitrous
oxide.
But even II the nitrate of ammonia be
pure, 1t may be decomposed by heat SO rs
to give an impure nitrous oxide, or even
none at all. Nitrogen and oxygen COM
bine In so many proportions, aud thus give
rise to compounds differing so greatly In
their chemical and therapeutic properties,
that, to be safe, every step of the process
of decomposition must not only be under
stood. but accurately performed. by dif.
ferent degrees Of temperature than the
right one we get nitric oride or nitrous
acid or nitric acid, each Of which is an
active corrosive poison.
But 1t Is claimed by some that these and
all other impurities are removed by wash
ing through water. At first sight this IL
plausible, and may deceive many. But
let us examine 1t, rs the health, and per-
haps the lives of our patients are ut Is
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21
2netrg.
Dasiei Gray.
B1 Nm. J. q. HOLLAND.


III shall ever win the home IN heaven
r, an. v,e,, .o,, n.nv Ar ,n,, sor,,,.n
-A.n..Tas a., =, -, g..
knew him well I'M fart few knew him better !:
For my young eyes on read for him the word,
Ana saw now meeAp nom 'no o,fslh ,e"e''
ne arAnA '"' '"e W ms '''o''o io"'
Old Daniel Gray was not man who lined
On ready words his freight OF gratitude,
Anu vas "V' 49, s'aos 'se $500
An ue p'ssoi"oeN"s VI ms '"''e"oo'"oo''
lie had n few old.fashioued word. and phrases,
Linked In with sacred texts and Sunday
rhymes;
And suppose that inshis prayers and graces'
I've heard them at least thousand times.
sec n'@ noN-"s ,o'nI1's Us 'N,e' Ms no'0"''
And hear the language Of hi. trite devotious,
Rising behind the straight.backe kitchen
chair.
-.----
.,a - ,ee%o., n," 'no se's"' Guy, ~. so.a :. 60, n,
.,'u,.,, - :. ....,
rounded,
The loftier aspirations Of the saint.
,,.,
nc osa so''s nouVss sss s' uSs u'e NO. ""'
And finest scenes and fairest flowers would
move him
Less than horseshoe picked up In the way
u.,, ,.,,,v ,,,r., n, o,on,r...,o,
a., .,,,s,oo,,. ,,o..,. e,- A, M .x.rv Mind.
Ala. ,,s, The ,,,n.vys..or and ,r,n.rr,,,Iou.
wsr. IinleJ an c,os.,v In M. ho,est mind
m. .o,,d .ec ,,uvh, but vanity I'm beauty.
And naugbt hui weakness in n fond caress,
An, ,i,,.J MAJ, ,,,o.. v.,,. of Chr;sti.n iutv.
Allowed indulgence IN such foolishness.
And am told thai when nj. Charley died.
Nor pature,s need nor gentle words could win
him
Prom his fond ylgils at the slecper's side.
,..-,
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21
Agrienltaral.
DO Turkeys Fay ?

Turkeys do not pay the careless farmer,
who has no place for them to lay or hatch.
and no range or roost for them. The eggs
get chilled. the nests are broken up by
vermin, or, II the eggs hatch, the young
ones are exposed to the long cold storms
and most OF them die. Fall comes, and
the flock Is barely doubled. This does
not pay. But good stock and careful
handling pays about rs well rs anything
on the farm. We give the balance sheet
of Connecticut farmer, to show how the
thing may be done lie had s turkeys,
from which he raised l0l blr,ls. He sold
9S Of them, weighing dressed, l,i26 lbs,
at the close o the year, for "a cents
pound. $685. and the remaining three he
valued at 80. making the gross proceeds
of the flock. 1891. lie fed to them ITO
bushels of corn, worth slG5. AMI the
dressing cost $40, making sl75. This
gives ssi9 profit, if we reckon the feath-
ers and manure rs an Offset To the attend
ance. This Is handsome item In the OPP
erations OF the year. II does not take n
great deal Of labor to raise a flock, but n
little timely attention must be bestowed
every day during the spring, which Is the
critical time with them. After the chicks
are two months old, they require less care
than any other Kind OF poultry. The
nests should be sheltered, and for this, an
old barrel, covered with brush, IL better
than n more expensive and tidy covering.
IL you can make them think they are
stealing their nests, IL Is all the better.
BY little timely attention they can be
male to lay and rear their broods near
the house. The eggs should be brought
into the house, to guard them from frost,
aud be turned half way over every day un-
til the hen Is ready for them. Make a
pen of boards about foot high, In some
sheltered sunny spot, for the young
brood, and keep them there until they can
fly over. Feed chopped eggs, liver, or
some fresh animal food, with the scalded
hominy. Have roost OF poles In some
sheltered spot, and rs soon as they In
cline to forsake the shelter OF the mother,
train them to mount the poles. They will
soon come home rs regularly as the chick
ems to their roost, and much labor win be
saved In looking amer them. Turkeys,
like other farm crops, are profitable ac-
eordhg to the attention bestowed upon
them.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21
BIDDEFoRD, ME-, FRIDAY

and which will make the hay more dlges-
tible, without washing out the soluble nu.
tritlous matter, or inducing fermentation
IL nothing more was done than 10 mix the
food for the next meal, say at morning
for noon, at noon for night, and at night
for next morning, the hay and meal would
be softened materially, and would approx
innate nearer to fresh grass. We soak our
dried apples before cooking them; why
not our dried grass?-.fm. .fgrieulturai-
-
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21

SUE.
Nitrous acid and ammonia arc both
highly soluble In water, and may there
fore be readily removed by washing. But
with the nitric acid the case Is far differ.
cnt, and rs 1t is the poison most likely to
be formed, 1t Is important that 1t be un'
dcrstood.
Nitric oxide Is colorless, tastelcss gas,
about rs heavy as atmospheric air. Water
dissolvcs only about IL per cent Of IT, In
contact with atmospheric air, II Is convert
ell into nitrous acid, which, In contact
with water Is changed to nitric acid
From this It will be seen that nitric oxide
cannot be washed out Of nitrous oxide
II generated by itself, or along with MI
trous oxide, 1t will pass through the wash
crs into the reservoir or gasometer. Then
if It be inhaled, Its effects may be varied
When pure Ii cannot be respircd on ac-
count of the violent spasm Of the elottiS
produced by IL; but diluted with other
gases, Il may be. Let II be remembered
that Il Is highly corrosive, and Its effect
on the mucas membrane OF the air passa.
ges may be appreciated.
Nitric oxide In contact with air turns to
nitrous acid, and this In contact will,
water, To nitric acid. AS both mir and
water are always present In the bronchial
tubes and cells OF the lungs, Il Is not pos.
sible that nitric acid be not formed IL nj
trio oxide be inhaled; for the laws OF
chemical combination arc laws of the un-
changeable God.
Now IL one would boil nitric acid and
cause a patient to inhale the vapor, Il
would be regarded rs quite enough to
damn him to infamy, and drive him from
the profession. But In that case the acid
would be In It's ordinary or quieseent
state, while In the other It's nascent con-
dltiou gives II greatly increased energy OF
action.
1t follows then that nitric acid Is the i'm
purity to be dreaded In the use OF nitrous
oxide rs an anestbetic. The question
arises, how Is It's presence to be avoided'
The only way Is not to generate any nj
trio oxide. And to attain this result, re-
quires an apparatus and process pos
scssed by few. No man can give such at
tention to the process with ordinary mp
paratus, as will enable him to kno- that
he has not mixture Of nitrous and nitric
oxides in his gasome,cr, instead OF pure
nitrous oxide.
with the uncertainty Of the ordinary
processes OF decomposlng nitrate Of am
monia, Il Is not strange that soreness and
congestion OF the air passage are so frc-
quenily observed after the use Of the nj
irons oxide. Defective apparatus In the
hands Of the inexperienced aud those
without chemical education, Is likely to
produce imperfect results.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21

EXTENSI0N TABLES The place TO
~ buy Extension Tables is at No. SS Main
81, Biddefsri, Me-, where they arv made and
warranted by ttu HIRAM u. SMITH,
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-05-21
WANTEp-AcENTS!
For frsf. Parsons
LAWS 3 BUSINESS.

-wrs-
Full directions and forms ior all Transactions In
every state of the Union,
nv TIIEOPIIILCs PARSONS, LID,
Professor of Law In Harvard University. aud au-
thor of many Law Books.
NEw BOOK voR EyERYBopy. Explaining tho
rights duties, and legations of all the relations
of life, we'll as every Kind Of contract and legal
A correct, sso.em,esl. and ,af, cosss,Lor and
tfr,s,r diving directions for every proceeding,
and shoving how 10 draw and execute every kind
Of legal instrument
ESSENTIAL TO
Er,,v Fsr~v , .rry NseAs.isi Eruy Mss.ise-
T,,s.f. ,rsry Ersssfory stsry IfgsisIsfrsfsri
srsry 6-s,d,s.i svsry M'.s' Erry b,r-st
Lac every Lsgafss srsry srrre'ftesl sr-
sry Martssr; spery fschssssri spsry
Bret.r Every Notary every sask o.
fcuI Every yssfses Of hs Pssesi s~
oy csa.y.s,i sre,y Ary ay
srsry csnsissieserg trery Mo-
RET Wo-rs srsrv H,fsr,tr
vy frsfsr every Nsrksf-
Mas srsry cnii,s scsry
PrePsrty-Hoidsr.
Indispensable 10 all Who would know their rights
aud duties. and possess the means OF trAasAeting
unAided their own business.
10 plain, iull, accurate, and complete that no
person can AFFORD 10 be without It. Elnbodyiug In
popular form the results of The labor and study OF
the most popular and successful writer VI law
books In The country, Rworth ten times the
prlce Asked Tor 10 Exclusive territory and no
send for our descriptive circular Address
.. q. SCRANTON q Co.,
iwsi. Hartford, Conn.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13

THE "Old Folks" of Memphis
yesterday observed their anniversary
by a picnic at Bartlett. The attend
ance was large, and the occasion one
of the most enjoyable of all that have
been afforded by the venerable assO-
citation. Elsewhere we give a full re-
port of it, to which we refer the gem
eral reader. The Grafton of Gen.
MARCUS j. WRIGHT, so eloquent in
its language and appropriate in its
matter and manner, will attract at
tention. 1t takes US back to the ira
ditional days Of the Chickasaw Bluffs,
when the red man was yet lord of the
soil, and paints in colors as vivid as
those of LEUTZ the scene (rendered
historic by the painters art of DE
SoTo's discovery of the Mississippi.
It is an admirable sketch so far, but
grows better as the orator comes near
er the days Of his own honored father,
the days when men like the revered
President of the "Old Folks Associa-
ton Col. c. d. McLEAN-were as
sisting to defend the pioneer fam
lilies in the peaceful possession
of their homes and the en-
joyment of the fruits of their
industry. Briefly, but truthfully, we
find the period bridged that divides
those early days from the present with
its active, busy population and varied
interests and the dead worthless who
have been gathered to their fathers
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13

THE distinguished and eloquent
GEORGE II. PENDLEToN, Of Ohio, has
been nominated for Governor of that
State. Gen. VS. osECRANs was first
nominated but declined on private
and business grounds preventing his
acceptance ofthe Office. With such a
candidate the Democrats of Ohio can
hardly fail to win. No man who re-
members his great, patriotic and tell
ing speeches preceding and during the
late canvass for the Presidency can
doubt his almost matchless power be-
fore the people. We doubt whether
he has his equal in our day among
the men of his age. We have always
believed that the failure to nominate
him at New York weakened US materi-
ally in the West,and for aught that APP
pears, may have cost Us the loss Of the
election. We shall look for a brilliant
canvass in Ohio and q triumphant
victory. His antagonist is one Of the
real Black Republican stripe and was
a member Of the 39th Congress, a
Brigadier in the Federal army, and is
the present Governor. He is a man
Of considerable ability and as Cover
nor has given general satisfaction.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13

are well remembered, their virtues set
forth in a way to compel the sympa-
thetic tears of those who survive, to
follow them perhaps to-day, perhaps
tomorrow, but must surely at a day,
that far off as we may count it in
years, is after all but as a span, a brief,
brief span. But most attractive of all
the passages of this beautiful grafton,
do we find that which is most like the
kindly, gentle, manly, open, candid
nature of the orator. We read and
re-read the passage of the good Sama-
ritan, the sublimest lesson Of the God
man and that which in itself epitO-
misses the gospels and illustrates the
golden rule. We hope it will not be
lost upon those who heard it from the
lips of the orator, and that it will be
laid to heart by all III readers. The
parable of the Samaritan is the Ma
sons, as it is the odd Fellows text, and
has been the incentive in all lands and
among all Christian sects to charita-
Bile deeds, to a charity which is the
bond of society, to a charity which is
patient, long suffering and fruitful Of
% golden deeds"
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13
MEMPHIS APPEAL
FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 10, 1853.
STATE NEWS.

Gov. Senter is stopping attheS Stacey
House, Nashville.
Cumberland county gives Senter 50
majority, out of a vote of 336.
About ten railroads in this State
failed TO pay their July interest.
Money from the tax gatherers be-
gins 10 How into the State Treasury.
The two remaining companies of
% melish 4" will probably be mustered out
and paid of to-day.
The Well-kuown brands of Richland
~sheetings, manufactures at Pulaski, took
two premiums at the Cincinnati Expo
siti0n. Bully for our Tennessee textile
fabrics.
W. Matt. Brown announces himself
a candidate for Mayor of Nashville. We
hope he VIII be elected. He certainly was
the best Mayor ever Nashville had, and
is entitled 10 the gratitude of the people.
The report that Stokes has gone to
Washington 10 stir mp troublein the state
is erroneous. He was al his home in
Alexandria. Monday, preparing for a quiet
enjoyment Of the time intervening until
Congress meets.
~. s." alias Furay, the CORES
pendent of the Cincinnati Gazette. saws
the Nashville Press and Times, will please
keep away from this office, and seek mat
ter for his lying dispatches from congenisl
sources.
The Union and american of
Wednesday saws: We learn that Mr..
Clay Roberts, late Secretary Of the Sen
ter Corresponding Committee has al
ready been solicited by a number Of the
recently elected members, and viii prob
ably be a candidate for principal Clerk Of
the senate.
The vote of Knoxville, says the
Knoxville Press and Herald, ON last
Thursday was even POO. At the Market
House there were 1912 votes pOlled; at
the Courthouse. 1l2, and at the CalaboOse,
246. This vote, on the usual and conceded
basis Of eight females and minors to one
adult male, gives Knoxville a population
OF 1000. Our city has increased rapidly
during the past three years.
The Union and american of
Wednesday says: The workmen engaged
in making the excavation for the block Of
business houses 10 be erected on College
street, by George C.. Allen, Esq, were
yesterday astonished by digging up a
number of old coins, which, upon exam
inatiOn. proved 20 be counterfeit repre-
sensations Of the Old-tashioned Mexican
dollar. One OF the coins bears date 1888.
showing that as far back as that time peo-
pie had some idea Of the cOunierfeiting
branch of the hne arts.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13

WE have hitherto neglected to di-
rect public attention to the proposed
Confederate picnic, forthe widows and
orphans of the dead gallants of the
Confederate armies. To-day we per-
form that duty and urge, by every
consideration that can be thought of,
that the people of Memphis, as Is
usual with them, patronize the oeca-
sion in large numbers, and, by a lib
eraI expenditure Of money, surprise
the members of Confederate Sol
diers' Relief and Historical Society by
receipts three, four, ten times their
calculation. In doing so We shall but
perform a sacred duty, as well as con-
tribute to the eclat of a grand reunion
of the surviving friends of the COnfed-
crate cause. We are reliably informed
that no less than sixty-fve widows of
Confederate soldiers are now in needy
circumstances, calling % relief. These,
with their orphan offspring, number
nearly two hundred persons, whose
almost sole dependence is upon the
comrades of their husbands and
fathers. Their plea for bread and help
is a pressing One-it is realized as such
by the surviving Confederates, who
have promptly addressed themselves
to the quickest and ~speediest methods
of help, and now look to their fellow
citizens to sustain them in the good
cause. Those who are able should
purchase tickets, not by fives but
ffties, and every man and woman
who has a heart to remember the
cause that is most dear and most sa-
cred, as it is meIlowed by time, should
give all their energies to the success of
this grand picnic.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13
HE NEHS.


Advertise in the APPEAL.
Chicago has but one theater open.
Smallpox is raging in Paterson,
y. J.
Four a loads of Chicago butter
have reached San Francisco
Merchants who want to be up with
the time7gM advertise in the APPEAL.
Maidens are wanted in Kansas CITY,
where the anxious and aimless are
men.
A reduction in the tariff on the i'm
Portation Of rum has taken place in Mad
agascar.
The Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows OF
the state Of Illinois, viii meet at Quincy
on the ID Of October.
In Bloomington, H., this season,
$50 reapers have been sold; and their
value Is estimated at SlO5, 300.
There are over 1000 visitors at the
Virginia Springs, mostly Northern and
Western people. They spend over $1,000
per day.
II. G. is becoming polite. He calls
" a wicked shameless lie " now " ecODo-
missing truth in the most par6imOniOus
manner"
Mr.. Fletcher, Dickens heaven-born
actor, f. 50 ~exacting in his terms that
Harry Palmer declares he shan't be
fetched here.
Some Partisan gOurmands lately
dined on rats, and expressed themselves
delighted with the delicious and s~ucculent
properties Of the flesh.
"NO practicing or drumming al
lowed on this piano" is a notice conspic-
uously displayed IN the parlor of one of
the watering place hotels.
The Irish Church being left to pad
dis its own canoe, the apostolicsl crew on
board are taking in sail and making ey-
erythlng snug for the voyage
More good news from Cuba The
spaniards are being whipped everywhere.
volunteers Tor the patriots. with plenty
OF wal @5oteriet, are landing every day.
The most learned Jewish rabbis in
Germany and Austria have resolved to
prepare an encyclopedia Of the Talmud in
order to facilitate the study oftha- work.
At McLeansbOrO, H., a few DAYS
ago, a woman had her husband arrested
for whipping her. He WAS fined s., and
the woman claimed half Of the fine for
informing.
In twenty-five years the member
shin Of the Society Of Jesus has more thar
doubled. In 1914 there were AIS mem
bers, and the register for 1863 shows there
are now 1854.
The Democratic press Of Alabama
are lond in their complaints Of the want
Of interest manifested by the white peO-
pie Of that State in their recent Congress
ionai election.
a Bridgeport paper describes a
wa~lking-cane composed Of four hundred
and sixty-three pieces of leather, and
made IRON a pair Of old boots woIn by
President Lincoln.
Charles {. Little, founder and senior
partner Of the firm Of Little. Brown &
Co, the well-known law publishers Of
Boston, died at his residence in Cam
bridge Sunday morning.
Who wouldn't live in st. Paul?
Venison sells for six cents a pound, bears
meat ditto, peas ten cents a peck, new pc
tatoes twenty cents per peck, and straw
berries ten cents per quart.
More taXes-the entire United States
Naval Department Will be placed at tie
disposal Of the Empress Eugenie, when
she makes up ber mind TO visit those hor-
rid creatures IN America.
Omaha IS given to absinthe drink
Ing. To use the language Of one Of the
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1869-08-13

WHAT are the special instructions to
Gen. SICKLEs, the new Minister to
Spain, is among the secrets Of diplo-
macy. The New York Herald sug-
gests, however, conjecturally, as the
reported policy of the administration
the plan to induce Spain to sell Cuba
to the Cubans, and the United States
to become guarantor for the payment
Of the sum Of money agreed upon"
1t affirms the progress of events on
that Island such as to justify the " be-
lief that the revolution is growing in
strength, and viii be continued just
so long as the Spaniards may see fit
to attempt the %subjugation of the Pa
triots." Whether the Cubans, in
prospect Of an early independence,
would themselves consent to such an
arrangement, is another matter. If
Spain is willing to sell at all, why she
should not feel less Inundated by a
sale to the United States than to her
revolted subjects is not so clear. The
pride of Spain has been the main diff
Guilty in the way of a purchase hereto
fore.