New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-08-20
EAST INDIA COTTON.

-. ,.,,,,s in the London press with REGARD
IN the failure of orr cotton crop 10 meet tn an
demand and particularly the earnest m'iCio " a.,
Times looking to India as necessary helu io- -
further supply of cotton, which was brought 70 10
few DAYS ago by the Cable, have awakened n0" "a
terest in the Indian cOtton-ground. lho opon I.
Of India by railroads. and the cheapenng Vi 'o''On
nv ready transportation, are fa'orite S'"T"S
british enterprise but up to this time, II mas acheu
A., ,ioorous co5peration of the cotton manuiac-
turers themselves What is here turther saiu IT.
speeting the Indian cotton culture will thIo" nluch
light upon subject now of peculiar interest 10
American planters and manufacturers
Since 1873 India has been the source from
which an increasing supply OF cotton mas Ooen
Encouraged by all the at the disposal OF tne brt
b Cvernnent the EXPORT reached in the year 1867 &C
cording TO Mr. T. r. Nudge. United States commissioner
TO the Paris Universal Exposition the large aouh. Vi
oOs s32 bales while the export from the uhiou o'eS'
for the year 1866 o. O bales ana lot inc year
1867 49, was I655sIG, according TO tDe same
The ouality of India inferior to that Produced III the
ri,ed states Mr. Robert Saunders. In the address OF
the Meuphs Convention Committee says that there are,
properly speaking in use, three xmas OF oaSseS Vi
cotton First The Sea Island, or lorg staple eottohs,
grown principally on the coast OF Fonda Georg~' ana
South Carolina OF this character OF cotton the eohSunp
ton ia small Second The medium, long staple cotons
/
lands, and New Orleans in the United States known
as Ney-Orlcans Texas, Mobile Savannah Charleston
and Memphis cOttOns' The quantity OF ths CLASS that
can be produced by the United States Is essentially
with out limit We have the surface We hau
the labor TO grow twenty million tales 1t Ia stated
that prior TO the zine bags q American cottoh
were used TO one bag Of all othe: descriptions put
together The American cottOns are lsed ALMOST ehureV
in European factories for warp while the WOoi OF nnB
is of less costly grades For the war; extended threads
strength and length of fiber, is especially required
while for the welt or threads OF the oon SOFT
noss and funess are chief requisites NO other cot
ton ia better adapted as to strength and length either to
spn into the higher numbers or TO sustain the tension
and friction 10 which threads are exposed In the loom
Third The short staple cotton. used almos exclusively
for welt or filling IL is drer, fuzzer more ike rough
wool and principally grown In India lnregard 10 the
conclusions to drawn from this remuneration as 10 the
necessity for American cotton, the Interesting uoorai
| NJ Mr. Saunders published In the July humber OF - De
Bows Review" will afford ample nformaAOh Inc Staus
tics showing the expert OF India cotton seem 70 DC drawn
from the Liverpool tradetables and MT iom those o
the Indian ports of export The latter would show that
tbore are othsr destinations beside LlUrpoo anu coso
ouenty moro cotton exported than th Liverpool tables
would be likely to exhibit. The weights Of the various
| bales Known In commerce average asfolows'
Bombay b. cotton Ameae. oa' $50 p net cotton
Bengal n ue cotton Esp. SS rs soo
| The total area under cotton cultNaO'h III iNui" /"
| about 100000 acres.
The proyinces in which tho plant is successfully Guilt
waited are as follows Punjab, where c'tton Is largely
grown in almost every district" The Cerral PROVINCES
where cotton occupies about onetwenteth OF tue area
| under the plow which construed 70 mean b52bHo
acres in lsG76s The Cotton Commissioner was OF the
opinion that although in other parts OF tic Central Prov
| inces the outturn might not exceed pounds IN the
| Wurda Valley and In Berar the average outturn Of
cleaned cotton to the during far sason cOuu NOT
be less than 80 pounds. Burmah-Amoh the products
OF this province cotton occupies an Important place
From the OF Pegu the finer sorts ot celebrated
rnusns OF Dacca used be manufactured inc area u
uer ha--er, oBlf iss caves q"
l86768 Cotton ranged from u 20 IL shs sterling per
| package OF 50 n. Madras furnishes cotton In large
quantities. and attention OF the Government has beOn
devoted for time past TO the improvement OF the
quality. The export from Madras in 1867 estimated by
Mr. Nudge TO have been 10000 bales. In Mysora the
growth OF during the year 1868 vas somewhat
limited; tho land devoted 10 It's cultivation was less than
that OF the previous year by nearly $500 In BON
bay English authorities in their repOrto Her Males
tvs Government say after mentioning thesaplo crops OF
the Presidency but all these cotton ,lams the first
place. the exports OF which have Of late years consider
ably increased more particularly since thelate American
War The quantity Of cotton exported from here amount
| ed 20 2O3257,Og3 70 in 1852 and increased to
| 5i9I53475 n in 1866, 939679 bales In 1896,
and in 1867 $50 bales exported. There lJj
steam cotton presses operation in BOMBAY, and many
OF the gins worked by steam power; the close OF
the year 1867 the total number Of gins IN existence in the
| province amounted TO 1903 Through th enforcement
Of the Cotton Fraud nets" the cotton sent 10 mar
ket infinitely clearer and purer thm It WAS four
years ago. aud substantial improvement In quality has
been obtained In the year 1913 the whole district was
TO be sown with what is known in India "a the Hngun.
| CHAT seed The under cultivation In 1903 was
2Ol5.534 acres showing increase OF 3jn acres over
1861. In Hyderbad Berar experiments had been con.
| a spfth
various descriptions OF cOttOnseed, andamoDg the
rey tried the Hncunghat seed succeeded best but only
where the gravey substratum laid close to the surface
OF black soil the seed obtained from Dharwar failed
10 terminate at all in the Woon district he NewOrleans
seed yielded "a othe the plants gowng TO hight
OF three feet whereas plants from Berar seed at
tanned hight Of 81 feet, and IUelded 10 TO the
The number Of full and half pressed oaes OF % cwt
each. exported from these districts increased from I25lO
| in 1867 10 1859 in 1878.
The area under cotton cultivation In tie Central Prov
nces 5522O in lsG7s decrease Of IG25l acres
from that Of 1861 This is attributable 20 the unavor
able condition OF the weather The opening Of the Amer
lean supply has also operated TO reduce Inc demand for
India cotton the high prices which ware the result Of
the civil in this country served to foster the produc
ton Of India. The price OF fair Dhollrah cotton
from 81 pence sterling in January, 1861 70 2 pence IN
October 1903 from thence descending 10 % pence In
ported from the Central Provinces and Fombsy and It
estimated that the annual export from these provinces
sufficient for ~ weeks supply for all the mills In Europe
aud is equal to onenith Of the cotton exported
India. The average weekly consumption for the whole
OF Europe Is at present SS00OOO bales per annum IL
has been as hlgn as 1900 bales per week. or fO6OOo
! bales per annum
| IMPROVING INDIA CoTTN.
One measure has been the acclimahzaton OF exotic
seed In prOpagatng gardens ard subsequent distribution
through the community These experiments have been
conducted under the supervision Of Cotton Commits
siOner who 10 instructed TO do everything In his power
10 encourage the cultivation and improvement OF cotton
in the district which he presides In the southern
portion OF the HindOstan Peninsula there is large
tent Of country the soil OF which adapted to the pro
IL LrL LLu