The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1869-12-04

4 The seventh met at Nice 7S7, to denouncc
| the impety and hcrcsy of the IcOnocasts who
| opposed yeneratiOn of images.
g. Tho eighth General Council met Mt Con-
stantinople, $50 and confirmed the reverence OF
| images and other regulations Of the Church.
o. The ninth General Council and the first
| Lateran met 1928
| 10. The tenth General Council aud the second
| fbe Iatcran met l3D. This Council among other
matters, condemned the acts OF Arnold of
| Brcscia.
| II. The eleventh General Council also met I'm
| Lateran 1877. This Council ordained that the
| right of voting for Pontin should from
| that time forward belong exclusively to the Col
| legc of Cardinals.
| 12. The twelfth also met in the Latcran 1915
! This council among other matters, gave its as
| sent to seventy chapters drawn UP by the Pope
i3 The thirteenth General Council met at
| LYONS in 1915. It's object was that of dcpostng
! the Emperor Frederick II also treated Of three
| other subccts:--Eirst, the assisting Of the En-
pire OF Constautinoplo against the Tartars; and
third the Holy Land against the Saracens.
| H. The fourteenth General Council met Mt
Lyons in 1874. for the purpose, among other
| things of rcuniting the Greek Church
! l5 The fifteenth General Council met at VII
cnna 1871, for the purpose of suppressing the
Order of Knights Templar, and the doctrine of
| the Brethren and Sisters OF the Free spirit,
! German institution condemned
! 49, The sixteenth General Council was that of
| Constance, which assembled l4ll, on account of
a dispute that existed in the selection of Pope,
NA'~@
claimants for the holy office.
H. The seventeenth General Council is known
as that Of Ferrara and Florence. Its object was
! the reunion Of the Latin and Greek Churches.
49, The eighteenth General Council was the
Council of Trent, which WAS convoked in 1915
by Pope Paul III, to refute the hcresies OF
| Luther. Calvin, aud Iuinglius.
The close of this last Council of Trent is thus
described by a writer in Rdpe,'S Magazine.
whose description of the Council of Nice we
have already published
'sWinters and summers had passed over the
Roman bishops for nearly eight years in their
mountain faatpess, as they CROPPED amidst the
endless controversies of the fathers and
studied the acts of Chalccdon and NicO. We
admit at least their perseverance and their
weary toll Trent and its envrons do not seem
to have been always an agreeable residence. In
autumn the hot sun beat upon the narrow val
ley. In winter delugc Of snow or rain often
poured down upon the little city, oyerilowcd the
rapid Atheists, and swept through the watcry
streets. Disease was often prevalent, and sevc-
raj eminent delegates died, and were buried
with pOmpous funerals The people of the
mountains were rude, and not always respect
ful: the women were not attractive, and suffered
from the goitrc: while the wits OF the Holy City,
rs well as of the Protestant countries, followed
the council with sharp sattres, and declared that
its inspiration was brought in carpet-bag from
Rome. Elizabeth called IL pOpish COnycnticlo.
The keen and ready Protestant contr0Yersialists
denounced il as a bard OF prosecutors. The Pope
was enragcd ut its turbulent disCord and all
| Europe lOn1Cu lOT llS ulbcOlullOu. MtiuJnlC,
far below, surgcd on the wave Of Reformation.
and Germany, France, and the Netherlands re-
sounded with the psalms of Marot and BGza; and
the menacing voice Of the enragcd people often
| reached the cara OF tho drowsy prelates at Trent
| The hardy North threw Oft the monkish rule
dcfaced its images, broke up the monesterics
| ard breathcd only defiance to the cruel bigotry
| of the council. Mary of Scotland, in pitcou5
| letter to the legatc5, lamented that her Calvin
istic subjects would not suffer her to send
bishops to the assembly of Antchrst. Germany
had secured freedom of thought by the yalor Of
Maurice and the treaty OF Passau. Geneva, with
| its twenty-five thousand impoverished citizens,
shOne beacon of light among its Swiss noun
ains, and defed alike the hatred and tho cove
tousness of France and Savoy and the Pope.
The lluguenOts were fighting in France for tOlG-
ration and the council sang joyous Tc Dem.
over the Intellectual defeat of the Prince of
Condo. 1t was time for the bishops to separate.
The proceedings were hurried to an end. I'm
pOrtant matters of falh, affecting the destiny Of
immortal souls, were determined with impru-
dent haste. What could not be decided was re-
ferrcd to the Pope. A bishop of Maximum,
whose dullncs5 formed q bold contrast to the
wit and pathos OF the sainted Gregory, preached
II farewell discourse, in which he called upon
mankind to adore the wisdom, the clemencY,
: the Christian tolerance of the Council of Trent.
= parting autiphOnal was sung; the Cardinal OF
9 Lorraine, the corrupt and ambitious Guise, in
= toned the praises Of the dissOlute Charles V,
the immoral Julius, the bigoted Plus, and all
= the holy council, and pronounced them ever
, blessed. The bishops and cardinals responded
with loud concurrence. Once more the voice
! OF Guse rang over the assembly, Anathemd
, CluCtis hGretiCiS! And all the bishops aud car
dinas poured forth an eager and malevolenI
Anatlema, dnGdbCHa! Meanwhile, in many
: humble cottage in the ncighboring valleys oi
@ Piedmont, the gentle Faudois, the children OF
q the early Church. were singing Christian hymns
to the good Saviour, and, accustomed TO perse
; cuiion. prayed for freedom to worship God
Scarcely did they hear the curse invoked upOr
D them from the heights of Trent. Yet il was to
f rpen into long years of untold suffering. The
I poor and humble were to be torn in pieces
= tossed from their native crags into dark raYines
. cut with sharp knives, burned in raging fires by
the mighty and proud and Milton, in fierce
S Poetic frenzy, was TO cry aloud TO HeaYcn;-
'Ayenge, o Lord thy Slaughtered saints whose bones
q Lie scattered on the Alpine mountains cold"
I Tie Results ofthe Present ConvOCntion.
9 Fertile Of speculation as this theme must be
and Offering varying solutions according to th
y, point of view the results of the council must,
= ever announced be chroniclcd in future
I column. Those who hope with the council 70
its success regard it the only cure for the i'll
= of society of to-day. "Either Hnman Society,
h SAYS the CicitG Odttolicd, ''must perish out
right or it will be saved by this council" Cardi
y nal BaTili tells US that-as in the most disastrou
= periods OF the previous history Of the Church
those Of the disputed right to Inyest.urc, of Tia
y schism Of the East and of Protestantism-th
councils assured victory to the Right aud Rome
= so now in this period of social wrong and inhdC
y teaching, the ship of the Church will pas
through the great chartless to the secur
=. haven beyond, pilotcd by the hand of Peter an,
q protected by Him who sitteth above the storm