davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-10-10

render taxation unnecessarily odious there Is nothing
revenues to dishonest men, who having exacted
from tue Taxpayers what was due the government,
appropriated II to themselves II cannot nap
est men can always be secured, but know
that the President OF the United States desires more
or retain any Office unless, In the performance OF MS
duties, he acts according TO the laws You nave pad
nftysx millions OF the public debt since tne lst OF
shrink from what 10 before usf To be sure there Is
taxation but It is not grievous taxation, and more
isned. The burdens, whether heavy or light can be
gradually removed from the people. | Thought
Il might not be undressing, sitaougn the facts are
proceeds OF taxation bear heavily upon the people
burlns the last year from distilled spirits aud the
wine and every kind OF liquors, was
derived revenue OF forty.four millions OF dollars;
from tobacco manufactured as well as IN the warn.
GUS FORMS twenty-three millions more. Here are
Suppose ssSI ' in the judgment Of most Of US,
six mil millions rom taxes on iermented liquors; we
get six millions from transportation OF merchandise
through the country which should DC removed nov as
NIT. There are Six millions more from the sales OF
Of merchandise and eight millions more from the
fifteen millions from other aud smaller items
sufficient 70 make an aggregate OF doe one
THIS system OF taxation can be changed
so as TO relieve the burden OF taxation from the mass
OF the people. A greater amount OF the internal
revenae Is derived either from the luxuries OF life Of
from taxes on people VINO are able to pay, and
the burden upon the laDor'ng people or the
country Ia, after all. very small But
must say that no system OF taxation Is desired that
does not look to larger taxation upon luxuries or
upon accumulated property, thus relieving the LABOR
the ordinary business OF Life TO as large deJree
a. possible.
HOW THE DEBT HAS BEEN RBDUcED.
desire to call your attention TO the manner Of the
application OF the revenues OF the country 10 tue pay
ment OF the public debt The pubic debt OF thu
country presetts ITSELF IN three forms bonds issue.
and bearing Interest most OF them
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21
The Big Mound Nearly Disappeared.

The ''Big Mound" +" so long known as a
landmark, in the upper part of the city,
is expected to be Ieveled to the grade of
Broadway in about ten days. As we
have before mentioned, WOrkmen have
been engaged in removing the earth for
the purpose of leveling the land near
the Venice Ferry landing between Brook
lyn and La Beaume streets. Recently
the work of cutting has gathered fresh
interest by the further discovery of In
dian remains.
About week ago the skull, fragments
of bones and teeth of large sized man
were found, it is said, twenty five feet
below the original surface of the mound,
though, as the spot indicated is about
thirty feet east of where the old liberty
pole once stood, it would bring the place
where the remains were found under
the eastern slope, and consequently the
depth may not have been as great as is
claimed. With the remains were also
found very perfect arrow head of white
flint, two inches i'll length from the neck
to the point. The arrow head is now
in possession Of one of the firemen at the
Lyon Engine house.
The highest point of the mound at
present is only about fifteen feet above
the street, leaving only small portion
of the eastern slope, adjoining the brick
yard, to be removed. Yesterday a large
crowd of men and children were busy
with sticks, hands, shOveIs and crow
bars in exploring for relics.
A skull and various fragment of bones
were found; also a large quantity of
small shells, which were gathered up
and carried away. They were land and
fresh water shells, belonging to the gen.
era helix. These were found from twen-
ty five to thirty feet beIOw,the original
surface, and the strata beneath in the
section exposed disclosed the roots of an
cient trees that shadOwed the neigh
boring hights.-T. Louis Republican,
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21
AnOIdA1.

A few days since, Nathan Salisbury.
Esq, living in East Scott, CortIandt
County, New York, found very peCu-
liar ak. The circumstances are as fol-
lows:
"At an early day, when Mr.. Sails
bury, in company with others, was chop
ping and clearing the forest of his new
ly acquired farm, they came upon a very
large hemlOck standingn the stream.
After cutting the tree down, Mr.. Sails
bury discovered that what appeared to
be the heart of the tree was really a
seperate tree from the one Just fallen.
On examination, this tree within a tree
was found to have been girded at some
previous time, leaving a small portion
uncut, so that the sap had continued to
traverse the trunk until its growth had
completely OveTgrOwn the girdling, and
another tree formed, growing to enOr-
NOUS dimensions"
"a few days since, near the trunk of
that tree, about twelve inches below the
surface, was found this peculiar ak. It
is about ten inches in length by three
and One-fOUrth inches on the cut or edge.
1t is made of iron. Now, what is re-
markable about this AK and tree is this:
That the girdling or packing of the in
ner tree corresponds precisely with the
Ak found, and counting the cOncentric
rings of the growth of the outer tree,
Is found the remarkable fact that the
inner tree was girdled about one hun
dred years before the landing of the
Pilgrims. Who was in that locality
using an Ak three hundred and fifty-sev-
Ell years ago2'
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21
WHOLE NUMBER 367.
GLOSS ON SILK.

The method of giving an artificial
gloss to the woven pieces was invented
in 1868. The discovery of the method
was due to pure hazard. Octavio Mev,
a merchant of Lyons, being one day i'm
deep meditation, mechanically, put a
small bunch of silk threads into his
mouth and began to chew them. On ta-
king them out again into his hand, he
was struck by the peculiar Iuster they
had acquired, and was not little aston
ished to find that this luster continued
to adhere to the threads even after they
had dried. He at once bethOught him
that there was a secret worth unravel-
ing in this fact, and beinga man of wits,
he sat himself to study the question.
The result of his experiments was the
prOccdC dc lUStrdgC or "glOssing meth
Od." The manner of imparting the ar
titicial gloss has, like all other details of
the weaving art, undergone certain
changes in the course of years. At pres
ent it is done in this wise: Two rollers,
revolving on their axes, arc set up a few
feet from the ground, and at about ten
yards, IN straight line, from each 9th
'eT. Round the first of these rollers is
wound the piece of silk of 90. 40. or a 100
metres length, as the case NAV be. Ten
yards Of silk are then unwOund and fix
ed by means of q brass rod in a groove
on the second roller, care being taken to
stretch the silk between the two cyIin-
ders as tightly as possible. A workman
with thin blade of metal in his hand
daintily covers the uppemOst side of
the silk (that which will form the inside
of the piece) with a coating of gum. On
the floor, under the OUtstretched silk is
a small tTamWay, upon which runs a
sort Of tender filled with glowing Goals.
As fast as one man covers the silk with
gum, another works the tender up and
down so as to dry the mUcilage before
1t has time to penetrate the texture.
This is delicate operation: for if, on
the one hand, the gum is allowed to run
| through the silk, or if, on the other, the
| Goals are kept too long under one place,
| the piece is spoiled. In the first instance
it would be stained beyond the power of
cleaning, and in the second it would be
! burned. None but the most trusty
wOrkmen are cOnfided with this task,
and even with the most proved hands
! there is sometimes danger. When ten
| yards OF the piece have been gummed
and dried twice they are rolled round
the second cylinder, and ten more are
unWOund. This is repeated till the end.
But the silk, with its coating of dry gum
/ is then stiff to the touch, and crackles
| like Cream-laid note paper when folded.
| To make it soft and plant again, it is
| rolled anew some six or seven times Un-
der two different cylinders, one OF
which has been warmed by the intro
dUctiOn of hot Goals inside, and is sUffi-
cient to give it that bright, new look
which we all so much admire in French
Isilk.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

THE art of printing from stone owes
it's invention to what may be called an
accident, which was taken advantage
of by a Young German. In 1898, wash
erwOman call at the house of Madame
Senefelder, at Munich, for the weekly
wash, but the list not being made out
the madame requested her son to write
it. He could find no scrap of paper, his
ink was dry, and the woman being inn
patient at the delay, he seized a smooth,
soft, cream-cOlOTed stone, and with a
rough lump of paste, made of lampblack,
wax, soap and water, hastily inscribed
upon it the required list. AlOis Sene-
fielder had written plays, but being very
poor, had endeavOred to print them
himself: and in various experiments
had procured the paste with which he
covered over the errors he made in en-
craving copper plates, and which was
in fact an oily pencil. Though its pro-
perties were then unknown, 1t was real
iy one of the essentials of the art of
Iithography. The stone, which was soft
limestone, he had procured to replace
the copper plates which were too expen-
sive for his limited means. Before rub
bing out his hasty scrawl of the wash
list he tried the effect of acquafOTtis up
on the letters, which he left on them for
five minutes, when he found that the
LIQUID had eaten away the stone to the
depth of tenth of an inch, leaving the
| letters in slight relief. HisneXt thought
was to take an impression Of the list on
paper, which, after many failures he
succeeded in accomplishing, by wetting
| the whole stone with water, and then
applying an mixing pad. The film of
water kept the oily ink from adhering
to the stone, but did not prevent its ad-
! herence to the letters written on the
stone with lampblack and soap. Upon
! then impressing the stone on paper, an
excellent impression of the Washing-list
was made, and lithOgraphy was invent
cd, Continuing his experiments pri-
vately, he was almost reduced to starva-
ton, and accepted fifty pounds as a sub
stitute for a cOnscript but being reject
ed, returned to Munich. There he
revealed his secret to a court musician,
and convinced him its value in print
| ing music. These two persons united in
setting up the first lithOgraphiC estab-
lishpent that ever existed hut, as usual
in the commencement of new discover
les, little but contempt and poverty
] awaited the inventor; and not until
after twenty years of unrequitted labor,
during which he was patiently develop
ing this new art, did he secure even a
small share in its results. Senefelder Is
said not only to have created, but to
have developed this branch to its pEos-
ent state. 1t is claimed that no better
nlain Autographs have ever been exc
Cuted than during his lifetime; he also
introduced the art of tinting them, and
suggested the process bywhiCh ChrOmOs,
or colored Autographs are produced. 1t
Is also remarkable that though the earth
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

TAKE CARE OF THE ROBINS.
many of our young spOrtSmen are daily
engaged in hunting and killing robins,
and while they are generally regarded
as the pest of fruit growers, it has been
demonstrated by careful examination of
the contents of their stOmachs, that dur
ing six or seven of the months i'm which
they are in this region they are eNClu-
sively benefaCtOrs. During the early
spring months insects I'm different stages
of development form their sole food
The larvae of two hundred insects of
a most destructive class have been TAX
Ell from the stomach of a single robin.
In one instance it is remarked that a
shooting match had created u scarcity
of these birds, and a large -cNtent of
grass land withered unddried up in con-
sequence Of the -mdisturbed growth of
Insects later in the season mutt was
found in the crops of the robins, but al
ways intermingled with insects, and i'm
the fall of the year they returned to
strictly insect diet, The food of most
young birds is almost exclusively of an
animal character. 1t has been proved
that young robin will consume fortv-
one per cent. of animal food more than
his own weight in twelve hours. and
his food usually consists Ofearth worms.
cut worms, and other destructive insects
Statesman,
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

has been ransaeked for IithOgraphic
stones, none have ever been found equal
to the specimen of that peculiar lime
stone Senefeld picked up near Munich,
unconscious of It's value. This kind Of
stone, it is now said, sells thirty-five
cents a pound, which makes a stone
twenty inches square worth fifty dol
lars, and it can only be found in the
same part of Germany where it was
first discovered.
ChrOmO--lithOgTaphy, which brings
really beautiful pictures within the COM
pass of nearly every purse, was first
patented in 1885, since which time the
art has made such progress that now
copies of fine oil paintings are produced,
which require close inspection to tell
them from the original. In one Of our
cities there is gallery, where an Origi-
nal oil painting, and the crOmO-lithO-
graph taken from it, are hung up side
1 by side, and people are puzzled to dis
| tinguish between them. A small pic
! ture, thirteen inches by ten, requires
for its reproduction twenty-siX slabs of
stone, weighing two tons, and worth
! SI4OO. Three months are required to
prepare the stones for the press, andfive
months more to print an edition of 1000
copies. Yet, though the original of such
a picture may command $1,000, a copy,
which to nearly every purchaser will
give as much pleasure, can be bought
for five dollars. Saleable pictures of this
kind can be made at much less expense,
and ten slabs of stone are sometimes
found sufficient for the purpose. Each
one applies a different color, and the
more they are used, the higher is the
quality Of the picture. This valuable
art, besides its usefulness, difuses among
much to elevate the character and refine
the taste of thousands, otherwise debaT-
red from the possession of excellent pic
lures. An art by which the enjoyment
of thousand dollar painting can be
obtained for five dollars is certainly val
liable. -..
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21
East Indian ArehIpeIaZO-CannIb
-Inhuman CrueIty-Natlyo Practices.

-Inhuman CrueIty-NGtIyo Practices.
PROFESSOR BICKMORE, in his Travels
in the East Indian Archipelago relates
a long journey to the interior of the is
land of Padang, where lived a tribe of
cannibals known as the Battles. Singu-
lar enough, this people are so far civiliz-
ed as to have invented an alphabet, and
vet their fOndness for human flesh is un-
cOnQuerable. Many tribes within the
territory under the control of the Dutch
Government were at one time Cannibals,
but the Dutch compelled them to Telin-
quish their fiendish custom. The tribes
in the interior mountain districts have
been too inaccessible to the Dutch arms
to secure this result. They give an old
origin of this habit. Many years ago
one of their rajahs committed a great
crime, and it was evident to all that;
exalted as he was, he ought to suffer
the penalty, but no one would take upon
himself the responsibility Of furnishing
was hit upon that he should be put
to death, but that each one should
eat piece of his body, and in this way
all share in furnishing him. The NOR
sells thus distributed, to the astOnish-
ment of all, proved so exceedingly pal
atable, that it was unanimously agreed
| thereafter to feast themselves upon con.
victs, prisoners, and all persons legally
put to deaths. The custom thus estab
iisIIet has been handed down to the pres
ent day. The parts of the body esteem
ed the greatest delicacies are the palms
of the hands, and after them the eyes
As soon as a piece is cut off, it is dipped
still warm and bloody, in SANDAL, a con
/ diment compounded of red pepper and
salt. Formerly it was the custom tC
| brOil the flesh, as we have the testimony
Ofa European, that a native of Mas, who
| had stabbed a Batta, was seized by the
| friends of the murdered man, tied to a
stake, cut in pieces with the utmost ca
gerness while yet alive and eaten upon
| the spot partly brOiled, but mostly raw.
A missionary informed Professor Bick-
more that he knew a Batta who had
| been guilty'Of as mall theft, being seized,
| his arms extended full length and fast,
ened to bamboo, a sharpened prop plac-
ed under his chin, so that he could not
move his head, and in this condition he
was bound fast to tree. The knife was
| then handed to the native who had lost
/ the article, who, promptly stepping for,
ward, cut out of the living man the
piece he perferred. The rajah took the
second choice, and then the people
finished the butchery. Our traveller was
shown the spot where a Batta, who haC
been guilty of adultery, had been killed
and eaten by his fellows not long before
Two villagers were seized by this fierce
tribe during Professor BickmOre's so
iOurn on the island, one Of them eaten
and the other retained for a future ban
quet. The residents authority was ap
pealed to, to force the cannibals to deliv
er up their intended victim, but thi
could not be done. The Battas occupied
a country extremely mountainous GOV
cred with dense forests, and they cOUlC
only be reached with extreme difficulty
by a large force, and with great Outla!
of money.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

ATTORNEY GENERAL.-HenrvT.N T. Niles.
of Urbana, is enthusiastically recon-
cratic journals of the State, IS the DEM
Ocratic nominee on our next State
ticket, for Attorney General. Al
though we have no acquaintance with
Mr.. Niles, and consequently know bat
little about his ability or Democracy,
still we feel satisfied that he is a sterling
Democrat and an able lawyer, from the
fact that he is endorsed by many Of the
sOmdest and ablest Democratic papers
in the State. tits to be hoped that some
gentleman and good lawyer win supplant
the present incumbent at the next cleo
ton, for he WEST is neither-a perfect
nprincipled PettifOgger, without hon
or or integrity of character-capable Of
the meanest deed.-RCHtOn Democrat.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

ORIGIN OF FOOLsCAP.-Every school
we doubt whether one in a hundred that
use 1t daily can tell whyit was so cali
ed.
When Oliver Cromwell became prOtec-
tor, after the execution of Charles I, he
caused the stamp of the cap of liberty to
be placed upon the paper used by Char
les II, He had occasion to use some m
per for dispatches, and some of the Gov
ernment paper was brought to him. On
looking at it and discovering this stamp
he enquiTed the meaning of Il, and on
being told, he said: ''Take it away; I'll
have nothing to do with FOOLS cap"
Thus originated the term ''fOOl's Gap"
which has been applied to a size OF wri-
ting paper usually about sixteen by thir-
" inChes.-E.c.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21
The New Radical Organ.

I'VE have received the Prospectus of
the new Radical Organ-The Imperial
ist-tO be published under the auspices
of the New York Union League. The
first number was to have made its ap-
pearance in New York yesterday. We
give it the benefit of an advertisement
free of charge by copying the PrOspec-
tus in full. It is as fOllOWs:1
THE INTPERIALIST.
'FOr the first time in the history of
the United States, an American journal
dares to proclaim as false and perniciOus
in their influence the Democratic dog
mas of popular Sovereignty" and
Equality" and to demand that on the
ruins of this unfortunate Republic shall
be reared the firm and substantial stTuc-
ture of an EMPIRE.
The creed of The Imperialist is revOl-
UtiOnary; its mission, to prepare the
mind of the American people for the
revolution that has already begun
throughout the country.
The conductors of this journal believe
Democracy to be failure. Though the
Oretically plausible, i'm its practical
workings it has been found totally mad
equate to the wants Of the American
people.
We believe that the National faith, if
left in the keeping Of the pOpUlace, will
be sullied by the sure reputation of the
National debt, and that an
IMPERIAL GOVERNMENT CAN
ALONE PROTECT THE RIGHTS OF Ma
TIONAL CREDITORS.
We believe that an Imperial Govern
ment, i'm its paternal relation to the peO-
pie, will care equally for all citizens,
and, and while guaranteeing security to
the rights of capital, will jealOusly pro-
tect the interests of the industrial
classes.
We believe that the Republic means
lawlessness, corruption, Insecurity to
person and property, robbery of the pUb=
lie creditors, and civil war; that the
EMPIRE means law, order, security, pub
lie faith and peace.
This creed The Imperialist will advO-
cate earnestly, fearlessly and without
compromise, and many will find in it
the open expression Of convictions and
opinions long held and cherished in Sc
cret. Its columns will be safe from the
low vulgarisnls which have heretofore
disgraCed American journalism ana IN
the discussions of political and social
questions will unite the high tone and
thorough culture of the English weekly
press, with the more popular features of
the best current literature of the day.
-s~e-
The Alabama treaty was rejected on
the anniversary Of the attNct on Fort
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

On the Sth of May the stockholders
of the Michigan Southern Railroad are
to meet in Chicago and voted on the
question of consolidation with Lake
Shore Road, extending from Toledo to
Erie. The directors of the two roads
nave voted unanimously in favor of the
arrangement. 1t is belived that the Buff
Iaio ana Erie Railroad will enter into
some arrangement. The entire length OF
the combined roads would be $50 miles
and adding branches, about Smiles. with
acapital of SIS, ,OOO,O 900.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

An eminent Swiss naturalist SAYS that
without birds successful agriculture is
impossible.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21

The Alabama treaty was rejected on
the anniversary Of the attact on Fort
Sumter.
Urbana union. [volume] (Urbana, Ohio) 1862-1872, 1869-04-21
RATES OF ADvERr1srrTa-
Advertisements will be inserted at the
For the Urbana Union.
U8IC.

Local Notices, per line
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1869-01-20
MEDICAL.
DIR. F. KILLER,
HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN
AND
SURGEON. .
nR. KILLER PAYS PARTICULAR At.
~ tention to s.as @
Medical and Operative sursery aad Mid.
wifery.
oaioe-ss South street, opposite voll',

medicine based upon the laws Of nature. Sey-
cpty Ave years OF experience hayo proven that
one.half OF those dying at an early age can bo
saved.
Homeopathy cures all curable diseases per-
mancnty, which have resisted tho skill Of the
best practitioners Of any OF the old medical sys.
TEN for years. tcf.u.- s..f ..-...
Homeopathy aims TO eradicate disease entire
ly: to cure sure and easy, without bleeding,
bistcring, cauterizing or drugging: TO prclong
life and lessen the number Of sick days.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1869-01-20

c;nin. international Hotol, tho LAST WEDNRS-
DAY OF svory month, to cnrs the fick. no15 ly