, 1869-12-25

u,ai forrs d:aoovcted We turn to The Account Of
Tie temperatu1e. Of tho sea u dtreEeot depths
These determination wekR m9de with tho ther-
ailief, Of ah,oo " VI save description esioee the
expedition started. The zeauln obtained may
ce e,aied shortly a. folo11: AZ tso surface there
varies win latituds and the season. When, hov-
ever. th temperature Is high, 1t declines rapidly,
and Ia lost st about 100 fathomA From Tits. ~
fatnons, at which there is to.erably
constant temera1ure from IS deg. Fab 70 50 deg.
Fab. Abrupt variations u tue tevel Of the bot
tom cccaaior considerable local difference IN tsna-
rernsurc, BY obsIuct.ng the current Of cold watot
from The Arctic regions, has tue result OF the ther
mometI1c Observations Is 10 show the existence OF
q stratum Of loe-cold water from 800 fathont.
dovnwards: stratum Of WARM water tIon 1oa
fa hous upwards, and a stratum Of lnterml1tute
betTeen tas two Is should s 1e men meato s ,ea mt
itudes ia above tnAi Of the deep seA wafer Ia the
equatorial regens, which to accounted for BY an
iont Turning t1om he temperature We come 10 tac
CT tIaetdiDaiy fact thst IN the deepest sbysscs o
the eea there Is an abundance OF animal lie. II
n sp sa, is no
Eet conc!nslyely at rest, 1or not Only have !he
2lcbtSenna Comparatively low ioFms Of life) but
brought up from the proioundcst depts OF the
ocean. Wnat II will most interest ZoologiatS 70
learn Il, that 191 species Of nolluacs were found.
III sea., and many Of witch are altogether new 10
sc.ence. or echinodeEms the number known TO
exit Ii now ue81ly doubled, while so many u.
netlts OF arcDaecous fo1amlntlera have becu fonud
that It Will be. d.dlcu,t TO md named for them.
Many sporgeh altogether new hare also been dis
covered some enc specimens OF which were e1.
h!hlie1 at The second meeting Of the ROYAL society
last Thurtuay. As regards the source from which
these animals derive their food, Dr.. Carpenter re
marked thai It resolves itaef into the Single CUES
ton Of the maintenance Of the EtohegcSlnn or
live by themselves, and a1l the others can live
upon them. The food OF these animals u sup
roeed 10 be tie organic matter (thc mysterious
basbybiusl which i everywhere dlfnEed through
ceep sea HAtcr. But, 1t may be asked. bathyblns
whence Tperc are some who believe thar ioot-
III condluor rtadF TO become organized There
arc probably otcers who VIII see In this deep aea
organic mnuCt Only the result OF animal dtcom-
poftioD, OF which there nuat surely be enough In
TIE ocean .-
ThAt Is perhaps the most In nercstipg OF ali tue
discoveries made, viz That some OF the anua'e5
brought from depth Of ], 30 faIhoMa bad per.
lect eyes while the color OK their shells Indicated
the influence OF light. Thus 1t would seem that
lutefy dark Str Charts L1e1l suggested that me
light In these depths ls phospborescent. ON thls
matter We must wit for iurtner Information, aud
MIR. Gwyn jeffrey held out the hope that with the
assistance OF Sir C. Wheatstone, some steps might
be raken IN another expedition TO ascertain tho
character and The lntenstty Of the light IN the
deep ocesu
Itts gratifying to learn shat the results OF thts
rxpetltion are lccOUp1raby more important than
any tefore obtained. Italians, Danes, NorWe.
gtape, Sseds. and Americans have also sheen busy
sWteping the ocean bottom: and Russia y now
pe may expect tha', In q few yeaIB, the world
under water will be as veil known that shove Il.