Bristol news. [volume] (Bristol, Va. & Tenn.) 1867-189?, 1869-01-29
#isIo unS GARDEN.
Grating.

mp bldJuRy on ne Do0t-tOr
this purpose, ,6lling stocks are geuer'
ally used, one or two years Old, varying
from one joa1fh to three eighdts of an
iuch1n diameter. The graft is always
inade at the collar, aud, therefore, the
stems Of the plants are cut of at that
point the small tap.roOts and any cum
brous fbres are removed, leaving them
abolt four inches in length they are
tLel waebed clean, and are ready for
the operation. The CRATER then makes
a smooth, even, slipping cut an inch
long. upwards on the collar of the root !;
aud ia tbs centre of this cut, he makes
a Slit or tongue, downwards. The sciou,
which should be three or four inches
long is cut on the lower end with slo.
ping cut downwards, and similar in all
respects TO that made on the stock
slit, or tongue, is made ia it upwards,
corresponding, also, with that on the
stock and they are then neatly fitted
together, the tongue of the one within
the other. and the inn.r barks Of both
Il,ced ia close aud perfect contact, at
least on one side The tit should be so
complete as to sit close and firm in ali
parts The person who applies the wax,
axes d narrow strip of cloth and wraps
it firmly around, covering the parts uO.-
ted. A man aud boy can graft of these
twelve to fifteen hundred per day, aud
by special effort two thousand. When
the grating is thus performed, the graft.
ed plants are put away as closely as
they eau be packed in small boxes, with
sandy earth among the roots, and deposit
ted either in cold cellar or in a dry
place out of doors, where frost cannot
penetrate to the roots, until planting
time in the spring.
Whip GrGjliny on small trees, stand
ing in the open ground, is performed
in precisely the same manner, the
bblique or sloping eut and tongue, cor>
responding in stock and graft, fitting
into each other with precision, and the
inner bark of both at least on one side,
placed ia close contact Stocks an inch
10 diameter can be grated in this man
ner. Either she cloth or the liquid
composition may be applied, the latter
put 90 with brush, For all moderate
sized stocks the cloth is preferable. In
cold weather, small furnace can be
kept at hand to keep the composition in
working order.
Cic6 GrlfiiHg is practised on trees
or branches too large for whip grating,
say from an inch in diameter upwards.
In this case, the scion is cut precisely
in the form of wedge. The
part cut for insertion in the stock
should be about an inch or an inch and
"a half long, Wit, bud at the
shoulder, where it is to rest on the
stock this bud hastens the union of
the parts, in the same way as a bud at
the base of cutting, set in the earth,
hastens aud facilitates the emission of
roots: the outer edge should also be
somewhat thicker than the inner. A
sloping cut is then made on
the stock, an inch and half long, an.
other ut is made across this cut,
and about half way down, the
stock is split on one side of the pith, BY
laying he chisel on the hor zontal SUR
face, and striking lightly with mallet I;
the split is kept open with the knife or
chisel till the scion is inserted with the
thick side out. Crafts of this kind
heal much more rapidly than when cut
at once horizontally. Very large branch-
"a, a.o eamaI hoe,i,ont,tll,, % NJ .ho
point to be grated the surface is then
pared smooth with the knife, a split is
made with the chisel, nearly in the cen
tire, aud two wedge-like scions inserted
if both grow, and they are Afterwards
TOO close, Que can be cut away. Another
mode of grating such large stocks, or
branches, is to cut them off horizontal-
ly, as above, aud pare them smooth
with the kite, then cut the scion on
onc side, about au inch and half long,
making shoulder at the top, then raise
the bark from the stock with the handle
of budding knife, aud insert the scion
between the bark and wood, and apply
the composition the same as in the 9th.
trs, all over the cut part. Two or three
b IONS may be PIT in each. The priuci>
pal objection to this mode is, that the
graf s, if they grow rapidly, are apt to
he blown OFF Before they have united
stronly to the stock
The great points to observe always
are, to have sharp instruments that will
make smooth clean cuts, 60 have placed
in perfect contact the inner barks Of
soon and stock, and the whole cut sur
face, and every portion Of the split per-
feotly covered with the composition
to exclude air and water. Tie scion
should always be cut close to bud at
point. and have bud at the shoulder,
or point of union with the stock. In
grating tie heads Of large trees, II is
not convenient to use the com osition
In melted state, to be put on with the
brush, and the large cut surfaces cannot
well be covered with the cloth il is
therefore better to use the composition
IN such state that il can be put 90
with the hands, A very small qnani-
ty of brick dust may be adyantageoasly
nike with it, intended for this purpose,
10 prevent its being melted by the sun.
GrGytiag Compcsi ion is prepared in
Sarious ways, Rosia, Jeescan, and tai,
1op, in about equal parts, answer very
well. Lately, however, we have found
it letter to use more r9sin we add one
and one fourth pounds of beeswax, end
three fourths of pound of tallow. For