, 1869-06-09
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 0, 1869.
oREr1EY.s POLITICAL ECONOMY.

A44 %At f+AN-'NAA ~AA&Af'<NA AC AA4G
down what he calls the chief end Of politi-
cal economy. "The chief end Of true
political economy" be says, ais the con-
version Of idlers ana useless e1changer
"or trafhckers into hAbitual effective pro
".lucers Of wealth." Without undertak-
ins at this point to say that MI. Grceley's
conception Of political economy il ercone-
Gus, VIC can safely affirm TINT it is novel
Previous writer's have generally concu11ed
in defining political economy rs the science
which explains tho natural laws which gov
c1n the production and distribution Of
wealth, aud they usunliy consider it the
rhiJ end Of the science to show how man
kind may Obtain the greatest amount Of
wealth with the least effort, Taking the
human race as they find it, they perceive
that each man studies how to obtain the
most With the least, and they conclude
TINT wEat all men are united in doing law
fully must he the true end Of science
which has wealth for its sole subject matter.
a. The conversion oE idlers and useless o1-
- changers or t4afhckers into effective and
81 habitual producers Of wealth" is un-
doubtedly an important md useful
undertaking, but it does mot nec-
essarily have anything to do with
political economy. A Sunday School
OF Penitentin1y may convert idlezs into
producers Of wealth, aud the conversion
may have an economical aspect, just as
favorable wind or favorable climate has
IN economical aspect But the Sunday
School md the climate are not regarded as
properly within The scope Of the science Of
political economy. We may admit, how
ever, that if Mr.. Greeley shall show any
way to convert idlers aud useless e1chang-
ers and 1af6cker into hAhitual effective
producers Of wealh, be will hare accom-
plished vast deal VI good.
To illustrate the ttief end Of his political
economy, Mr.. Greeley then goes On to
argue that America ought to produce It's
own tea instead Of vending to China and
japan for it. He thinks lint it conld be
easily grown in South Ca:olina and East
Tennessee, and that ttus We might save the
freight and commissions, MT only Oh the
tea consumed in the United Shsss, but also
on all the articles sent to China pnd Japan
in exchange for it. The answer
to this is, that theres is a
great deal Of cheap ind in
sonth Carolina and Tennessee: ana if any
body can be fonnd to agree With III. Gree
ley, there are abundant opportunities to
make The experiment. The Americp tea
grower is protected by sixteen the hesand
miles Of transportation in addition y tho
charges Of the midd1emen and the e1Sting
tariff. Let them 60 ahead. Free trad has
nothing to oppose to such an ezperintnt.
We shall be glad to see it succeed the
ensting tariff on tea is levied for purpSes
Of revenue only. It yields very Iake
revenue, and nobody, go fur as te
know, proposes to repeal OF redu!e
1t, 70 long rs the government needs tie
money derived from it When it is pr4
posed to double or treble the tariff on tea,
not for the purpose Of furnishing reven4
to the government, but TO induce som
1nan or set Of men to Withdraw capital anl
labor from productive employments to te,
culture, we shall respectfully demur.
'Dut the middlemen, she 1niddlemen,
says Mr.. Greeley. II We employ s.s,id
dlemaa to furnish us ra,upd OF . p IA
pounds Of tea, it is becease We hnd NV
the whole more profitable to do so than
TO g. to China fo1 il, OF to grow it our
selves And the freight Bays Mr.
Greeley. Il We send to China for our tea
end pay tho freight Oh it, We do 80 because
We ind that course on the whole more
profitable than to produce it at home, If
ii be more profitable to us-that is, il it
leaves us richer than We should he by pro-
duclng it ourselves-why should We moi
pay the freight on it2 What right have
you to lnterfere2 "But if we coulG
compel you to pay us two prices fol
tea for certain, OF, rnther, for an uncer
"taln period Of time, We could, ultimately
furnish you tea for less thnn the Chinese,
continues afr. Greeley. Hor do you k1os
M0ff All experience goes TO show the con
trasy- The manufacture of linen, woolIel
and iron was commenced in This cornr
fully one hundred years before the Reyolu
ton, and hns boon prosecuted continuous]
ever since, under high tazifs, and 10,
tariffs, and no tariffs nt all. Il v
understand the purport Of Nj. Greeley
treatise on Political Economy, it is to sho'
that these branches Of manufacture are nc
yet in condition to stand alone, but th1
they need protection for an indefinite pe1io
to come. II We may believe their organ
they need it more now than they ever di
before.
After long md rambling dissertation o
the teachings Of Matthew Carsy. Hezekia
Niles and other eEtediluvians, Mr.. Greele
lays down the following proposition;
,,.rI "Ia:s @ then, i or position respecting coz
les, Geld Of legitimate End bentgnant actiEltJ
thof u should t< the serran; nat the m7st>r. Of i
f,tary-shati II should Interchange the production
G asss Eonss ane csss y
hen tto'e az tatisnde. and aiding to dsseutna
sfeinl Ats and processes rather thAn SERVING
out 1r1ant1le spd crude essays NJ their estabs
tocnt n countr!es to which they haTc hither
tfep stranGetz.'
The function, and the only function,
commerce is to exchange the products
nationa and Of individuals according
their free will and desire. In What Y,
commerce can become the master OF indu
try, since it can exist only whun Al
where industry allows and tequit
it, is Il truly unfathonabls my
tery. But it should follow "lin
'4of longitude oftener than tho
''of latitude!" Since it can follow no lin
except thoss which industry sets for it, =,
may inquire where Mr. G1celey obtain,
The revelation that it ought to 60 his u,
rather than its OWL way In our who
reading Of political economy We have ner
encountered ANYTHING so preposterous
the idea that commerce can become Il
master OF industry, or so prcsumptuous
the idea that the writer san point out bt
ter lines for oce an traffic than it has fou1
for itself.
In eoaelusion, Nj. Greeley says th
Industry has its campaigns aud its battl
.sEaldA, .Aa 10 not y>4 beyond tho need
entertainments and Notifications. HI
these are to be constructed, armed a,
manned, I shall end.avur to indicate
''the following etapte1s." Let Us hops Ii
he will begin showing the similarity betve
indnr,y, which is the art Of craati
wealth, and rar, which is tho AT of /
stroying it
oHE HUNDRED THOUSAND DoLlA
DAMAGES.
The proprietor Of sprague's Block b
been invited by jury Of DnPa
co+,pfv IN fender the fauder Arur5o \