davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
Fix Up the Implewsn,s

DURING the winter every inDi.,,.,,
and machine that win be required naIt
spring and summer should be overbauled
and repaired. Examine the plowe, and II
they have been neglected and are rusty.
wash off al the dirt, and then apply with
swab fastened on the end of stick, a
mixture of one part sulphuric acid and
two parts water. Rub the mould board
and other parts that are rusty with this
liquid until the rust is all removed then
wash it off and rub it dry. Then smear
1t over with crude petroleum or some
other cheap oil, and next spring you will
be saved from the loss and annoyance Of
clogging, Every farmer should buy q
barrel of petroleum, and use it freely on
all his wagons, machines implements, etc.
| 1t will keep the iron from rusting and
the wood from decay, and in cold weather
| it is a useful lubricating oil. We find II
absolutely essential to keep on hand
several sizes of carriage bolts. With
these and a brace, and set of bits, nearly
all ordinary fractures can be easily re-
paired. 1t is great convenience, also, to
have wise, and to keep on hand an as
sortment of uncut nuts, with the tools for
making the thread in them and also on
the bolts. All these things can be OBJ
tanned at a hardware store, and q farmer
who buys them will never regret it. But
If 1t Is necessary to take anything to the
blacksmith's shop, now is the time to do
do it, and when it isrepaired clean off the
rust, paint it with linseed oil, and put it
away for use in the spring. If the farmer
or his son would go over all the imple-
ments, machinery, wagons, hay racks,
tools, etc, paint them, oil and tighten the
bolts, and see that everything is strong
.. and in good order, it would not only great
ly lessen the backsmith's bill, but would
save much precious time and no little an
noyance next spring aud summer. The
winter it also the time to make whittie-
trees, and three.horse eveners. 1t is a
great advantage to have an extra set OF
, these on hand.-ImericdR igricWturiSt.
The Jacobs Sharpeners advertised in this issue
we know Lave excellent sharpening qualities, and
we advise our friends to supply themselves with
the article and be plagued no more with dull
house knives or scissors.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
FARM ono 6oltsrboIo.
Sudden Death Of Cattle In the Cornileld.

A RESIDENT Of Davenport, Iowa, writes
IN the Prairie Farmer
In lSIi.5, my father.in law, A. Hubbard,
after having gathered his corn In fifteen
acre field. allowed twenty head of his cat.
Tie and mine to run in it, without limit.
The weather had been dry for long time,
and there was no moisture in the fodder
and no water in the field. Eleven bead
laid down the night after, and died within
two or three days. They became stupid
swollen and helpless if forced up, they
would Immediately lie down again. We
knew the disease was caused by the corn
fodder, and disseCted enough to fully un.
derstand how they were killed by it. The
MANIFOLD in every case, was full and tight
with perfectly dry corn fodder The cat.
tie being let into a new kind Of perfectly
dry food, had gorged themselves Having
no water TO aid the gastric juice, the main.
fold had become perfectly exhausted, from
incapacity to soften so large quantity OF
dry fodder; inflammation, stupeiaction
and death followed. Many cattle in this
county died that fall from the same cause,
and In the same manner. The preventive
adopted by us was a plain one, not to
| allow cattle to remain long on such large
quantities of dry fodder, and to have them
fully supplied with water, before and after
going into the field. If DR.. Sprague, OF
Des Moines, should happen to see another
case, he will find, by dissection, the cause
and seat of the disease and the remedy,
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29

The soil for potatoes should be plowed
in the fall and laid up in wide ridges or
sets, the deep furrows between which will
carry of all surface water, leaving the
soil high and dry, and in good condition
TO be worked early In spring,
The planting of potatoes should take
place as soon In spring as the soil is
ready for the sets, and there is no danger
from frost. When soil has been properly
prepared for the crop, and the aiter.cul-
ture is all right the potatoes will grow
rapidly and come to perfection in time TO
be harvested before there will be the
slightest danger from frost. Another very
important reason why potatoes should be
planted early, is that the product of the
early crop is always Of better quality than
that of the late one.
Potatoes stored In cellars or root houses
should be examined for the purpose of re
moving az those tubers which are showing
symptoms of decay. The tubers which
have been frozen are now nearly decom
posed, and such are very injurious tC
sound ones. II is well to prepare fol
heavy frosts by stopping up every oreyic,
by which it might enter the cellar or roo
house, and by piling additional covering
on pits. Heavy losses are sometimes pre-
vented by little timely precaution.- -
Western RUrdk
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
boot and Shoe Grease.

The SHOE AND LEATHER REPORTER
says hogs lard is admirably adapted to
secure to leather both pliability and i'm.
permeability to water; train oil, after il
dries up, renders the leather brittle Hogs
lard renders the leather perfectly plant
and no water can penetrate it. 1t is espe.
cially suitable for greasing boots and shoes
but in the summer season an eighth part
of talow should be melted with it. 1t
should be laid on when in melted state,
but no warmer than ones finger dipped
in the mass can bear. When 1t is first ap-
piled to boot or shoe, the leather should
be previously soaked in water, that it may
swell up, so that the pores can open well
and thoroughly absorb the lard
The liquid lard should be smeared over,
Ito be water-proof) at least three or four
times, and sole leather oftener still. After
ward the lard remaining visible on the
outside should be wiped off with a rag.
BY this means you have a water proof
boot or shoe, without the annoyance
caused by most stuffs of penetrating the
leather and greasing the stockings. An
occasional coating of hogs lard is also to
be recommended for patent leather boots
or shoes, as it prevents the leather from
cracking, and if it be not rubbed in too
strongly, the leather will shine lust as well
amer the grease has been applied.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29

feed the coarse fodder first, afterwards
that which is better thus tempting their
appetites but It will be found that cattle
ore dainticst in the morning, and hartiest
after they have been out to drink.
Watering once a day is sufficient in
cold weather, and better than oftener,
for If turned out in the morning in
the cold, cattle will rarely drink, and
at night being dry, will fill themselves
with cold water and go back into the
barn shivering. If watered near the
middle of the day, they have become suf-
| hciently thirsty to drink, and it being the
warmest part of the day, they enjoy it
| better than either morning OF night. This
does not apply to working oxen, which
we have considered as an exception as
regards specific times though coming un.
der the general rule.
To sum up the matter, our rule for
tending the barn is briefly this; feed in
the morning as soon as you can see to dc
so, and repeat till all are filled turn op tc
| drink before noon, so that the stock may
be out from one to three hours, as thu
state of the weather may be tie up afte
dinner and feed; begin TO feed in after
noon early enough, so that you may Civ
the last foddering before dark. Con
| Maine FdrDlfv
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
Tending the Barn.

There seems to be too much of practice
and not enough of observation in our
methods Of tending farm stock in winter.
They are in another state while off their
pastures, and the farmers study should be
to conform his care of them as nearly as
possible to their change of circum-
stances. 1t is not so much what they
eat rs how it is given them, that most ia
vorably affects their condition while in the
barn. tis false notion that no growth
can be made during the winter, that stock
can be expected to only "hold their own
from pasture to pasture When first
brought to the barn they shonld be fed the
best fodder that can be got at, not the
poorest, and when they have become
completely weaned from the grass, then
gradually introduce the coarse kindsof
feed, but at no time oblige them to live
entirely upon it, Many think that when
feeding the poorest kinds of fodder they
must conhne cattle wholly to it. but this
is not necessary in order to have them eat
1t, nor good economy even regularity in
their feed will secure the desired end.
Cattle do not feed all the time when In
pasture, unless obliged to get their living,
and when at the barn it is only necessary
that at stated times they should have as
they want to eat Three times during the
day, say from six to eight in the morning,
at noon, and from four to six at night,
with only such variations as necessity may
require, will be found most convenient,
and from one to three fodderings at a
time, according to the different kinds of
fodder given. My own practice is TO give
but five fodderings during the day, except
to working cattle and fattening animals,
two in the morning, one at noon, two at
night, and always the same kind offodder
at given time, so that the animals know
what 10 expect each time, Feed and leave
the barn. II you stay 10 see them eat they
will watch you the whole time for seme-
thing more or better.
AS 8 rule, do not clean ont their cribs
while they are In the barn but when out
10 drink no matter If some oTts do &C.
cumulste, as viii always be the case whea
the coarSer kinds of fodder are given
Feed right on just the same, and when
you are done feeding let them pick over
what they have lel( st their leisure, till
they are turned out.
Feed in the barn and not in the yard.
The fact that cattle and other stock will
cat out of doors what they refuse in the
barn is argument OF itself that economy
Is in favor of keeping in doors, and when
they have the privilege cattle will be found
10 prefer the barn TO the yard, except for
. short time on pleasant days AS rule
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
Dry Earth as DeOdOrlzer for Poultry
Houses.

THE employment of dry pulvcrized
earth as the means of deodorizing poultry
houses, appears to be worthy of more at
tcntiOn than it has hitherto received The
fact that from 400 to 500 fowls can by this
aid be kept in one building for months to.
gether with less smell than is to be found
in any ordinary fowl-house capable of ac-
commodating a dozen chickens, is very
conclusive as to its efficacy. In the build.
ing of the National Company, where this
fact has been ascertained, seven or eight
fowls are kept in each compartment, twelve
feet by three feet, and yet there is no smell
or trace of moisture.
Mr. Greyelin informs us that if much
larger number are put into each run, the
ground becomes moist, ceases to deodorise
and the birds at once become unhealthy
1t should be stated that the droppings that
fall from the perchcs during the night are
removed from the runs each morning, aud
that the dry earth only receives the ma,
nure that falls during the day; this has its
moisture absorbed so speedily by the
earth that it at once becomes pulyerized
mixes with the soil, and ceases to smell
So powerful is the deodorizing effect of the
earth that il does not require to be re.
newed in the runsfor many weeks together.
London FfR6
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
Potato Raising and Management.

LARGE quantities of potatoes were dcs.
troyed by frost last year in the hills or
drills before they were harvested, and in
the heaps In which they had been left in
the field without sufficient covering.
Late crops of any kind are seldom good,
but If there is one crop which suffers more
than another from late planting it is the
potato. The whole summer, and early
part of the fall are short enough tor the
potato to extract those ingredients from
the soil and the atmosphere which are
necessary for bringing 1t to perfection
Soil for potatoes should he deeply titled
and thoroughly drained The bestcrop we
have seen was ON land which had been
thoroughly drained, and subsoilGd, TO the
depth of eighteen inches, Some persons
are prevented from subSoiling their land
on account of the supposed eXpensiveness
Of the operation. This has been tho lion
in the way of very great Improvement
In places where regular subsoil plOw is
not available, any strong p)ow with the
mould-board of, following in the furrow
made by an ordinary plow and loosening
the suhsoil 10 the depth of six, eight or
ten inches, without bringing IL up, will do
work which will be exceedingly beneficial
TO crops of every kind, hut especially to
potatoes
In those soils where the vegetable mould
rests on q clayey suhsoil frequent plow-
ings st uniform depth forms hard. pan
through which the roots Of plants find il
difficult 10 penetrate Subsoiling most
etieCtually breaks up this pan and allows
rain water 20 peTcoate through the soil,
and also opens il "a the beneficial action of
the atmosphere, Few persons are aware
Of the tough stratum OF soil called hard.
pan which the sole plate Of the plow and
the trampling Of horses or oxen IN
plowlug form in the generality of tillsge
fields, or Of the good effects on crops
which result from breaking up aud pull
yerizing this crust In soils which are not
naturally or artidcisny drained, deep
tillsge sometimes does more harm than
good. Even in well drained land turning
down the active vegetable mold, that is
the warm, rich surface soil, and turning
mp the cold subSol is Injurious A small
portion Of the Subsoil mixed with the sur
face soil IS sometimes very beneficial but
the bosl plan is 20 loosen the subsoil, re-
move superabundarJ moisture by draining,
and give plSuts an opportunity Of ayailiug
themselves ut such ingredients as the sub
soil contains, Wlthou, compelling them 10
extend Aeir iibeTs OF surface roots IN IT,
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
The Proposed Confederate Seal.

In our day the extraordinary spectacle
has been seen of the efforts ofan oligarchy,
small in numbers but powerful in influence,
to establish another nation within the
bounds of the Republic-imperium in ian.
perio-and to give to 1t the symbol of
sovereignty in the form of Great Seal
The youngest of us old enough to reflect
and reason have seen that nation" so.
called, spring up from the late slave labor
States which formed the northern portion
OF the Great Golden Circle of empire de.
vised by consprators 1t was Caliban in
features barbaric in its proclivities
awfully potential in mischievous works
protesting with fire, sword, and torture
against the civilization of the age and
yet impudently insisting upon its recogni.
tion as one of the family of legitimate and
respectable sOvCTeigutics. Its titular ini.
tials were &C. s. A." Its fathers re.
solved that IL, like the nation 1t was
attempting to overthrow by internal
commissions, should have Great Seal
and in Congress" resolved, in the
spring of 1863, that 1t should bear "a
device representing an equestrian statue
of Washington (aiter the statue which
surmounts his monument in the Capitol
Square at Richmond), surrounded with a
wreath composed of the principal pro.
ducts of the COnfedoracy, and having
around It's margin the words Confederate
States Of AmCrtcd, F6b. %, 1862, with the
following motto: DcO VRdico"-God,
the protector, defender, delivercr, or ruler
indicative of the expected longevity of
the "nation because of Divine protection
and sustenancc. Alas that nation" so
notably conceived in sin and born in
iniquity,' died of political and moral
marasmus in its infancy, unhonored by
any recognition of its existence eX-
cepting by n Latin ghost of sovereignty.
II had repeated history by delay in 70.
viding itself with the usual symbol of ma
tionality. Antiquaries, in the future, viii
search in vain for any impression of an
emblem of Sovereignty of the &C. S A."
None was ever made,-BcaS0a j. LOSSiag,
ia HdrUtI'S Mtgd-inf,
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
-
Effects of Heating the Soil,

Most gardeners in New England are in
the habit of preparing the hills for cucum-
bers, squashes and melons by burning
upon them heaps of old pea.brush, shay
ings weeds and chip-dirt If you were to
inquire the cause of this practice, you
would probably be told that 1t was to &C
complish two very dissimilar purposes
the destruction of the numerous insects
and seeds which lie beneath the burning
heap, and the imparting to the soil con.
siderable degree of warmth. Certainly
both of these objects are accomplished,
but we suggest that the great benefit OBJ
tanned by this procedure Is the softening
of the silex contained in the soil, whereby
it is rendered soluble.
Every farmer, who has put in q crop on
land that has been recently cleared and
burned, as is the practice in all timbered
countries, knows the wonderful fertility
of lands that have been so prepared, and
has pleasant recollections of the first
crops that were produced after the Ak and
torch had done their work Of devastation.
Many attribute this marvClous fertility,
which is exhibited for some years, to the
presence of the ashes that have been pro-
duced but without wishing, in any man.
ner, to detrac' from the value of the
WOOu dSuSS, we DGlltNG inc dCJlOn Ol Jle
fire on the soil was the great cause of these
heavy crops, that grew upon land fourth
part of which was occupied by stumps
Nearly every grape-grower knows the
great value of soft burned bricks when
placed in the holes in which vines are
planted.
Now, on our prairies, we have no tim
Der to be wasted in this manner, but we
are of the opinion that great good would
result by placing such waste vegetable
materials as we have on our freshly plowed-
up clayey lands, and burning them. This
practice would be especially beneficial to
lands that are to be sown to any kind of
grain, but more particularly to wheat.
For the perfection of either the straw or
kernel of this plant soluble silica is abso-
lutely necessary.
If piece Of hazel brush is to be broken
up, let one gang of men cut the brushes
and throw them on the burrows that anoth-
er gang is turning up. Let muck, corn
stalks and rejected straw be placed with
them and after they are sufficiently dry set
them on fire If the field were cleared in
this manner the plow would do much bet.
ter work, the fields would present much
more cleanly appearance, and, above all,
the land would be rendered much more
productive -Prdirie Farmer.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
POLITICAL ITEMS.

cB General Lee, " hen some one spoke
disparaGingly of General Grants abilities
in his presence, shrugged his shoulders
and said AT all events he seems to ac-
oomplish whatever he undertakes"
c5S Is Johnson's title President, Act
ing President, or Vice Presidents asks
an editor of an inquiring mind. CLEARLY
the latter; since when he accedCd to the
Presidency, he carried his Vice along with
him. Exchange.
S5S- The 1rmy and Nary Journal re.
plies to the appeals of the New Orleans
papers, in behalf of Sergeant Bates, the
hag-bcaring pedestrian, now destitute in
that city, Would it be impertinent to
suggest that he ought to SO to work.
s&-"A party by thoname of johnson" b"
( --Sccnc-White House Time-March 4.
General Grant, Ito dilapidated specimen
of Democracy are you, sir "
Specimen" A party by the name Of John.
SON" General Grant" You git" Spoci.
Republican,
eB~ Says Washington special of the
18th to the Chicago Tribune; General
Grant authorizes the statement that the
articles written by an occasional CORE,
spondent of the New York World and
purporting To relate to conversations or
furnish opinions in regard To public men
and public matters, are utterly without
foundation, No human being has ever
listened 10 or shared such conversations
as those. General Grant would not deem
II becoming in him to contradict the arti-
Giles in question if they simply affected
/ himself, but Ms they are evidently written
with view to embroil his relations with
prominent gentlemen, most of them his
personal or political friends, or at least TO
outrage their just ScnsihiliticS, he dcyiates
IN this instance from his usual course and
pronounces the articles alluded to incor.
rect indelicatc and impertinent in an cN.
traordinary degree.
EY- A Washington special of the 18th
says: Judge Lawrence Chairman of me
committee TO investigate the election In
New York city, to-day obtained leave In
the House TO submit his report AT any time,
but the document will hardly be ready
for two weeks The evidence will show
that in the courts of that city naturaliza
uon went on at the rate of two per min.
ute during long sessions All the papers
were filled up, signed and scaled in the
courts, and not signed and sent out
with a place for the name left
blank. Fity persons were naturRlized
at once by administering the oath to
them in a body. The repeaters were or
ganized before the registry, and had their
names entered differently in tho several
wards, Then ON election day the Demo
cratic managers furnished them with
printed lists, copied ffom the registry,
showing them exactly under what names
to vote and what residences TO give. The
la.NrNN Nsrstf l,..V n
fraudulent Democratic votes were cast in
the city. Every facility was offered 10 the
Democratic members of the committee to
prove frauds on the part Of the Repubh
cans, hut nothing of the kind was estab-
hshed "
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
Surface Manuring.

The best English farmers concede that,
in very few cases, manure acts better for
being plowed in. In case Of long, that
is, strawy manure, 1t must be covered, that
it may decay; and when ysrd.manure has
not been compOsted, as 1t should be, the
ammonia will escape unless it is covered
with earth. The reason why top-dressing
is best can easily be understood. No ma
nure can act on the roots os growing crops
till It is dissolved When dissolved, the
water holding plantfood in solution should
be brought in contact with the greatest
number of roots When the water thus
charged passes by gravity through foot
of soil. from the surface downward, II
visits greater number Of rootlets than
when it passes down from depth of four
or Ave inches below the surface. Millions
of acres of grass land have been broken
up simply for the sake Of enriehlag me me
feld with manures Allthls Is misappied
toi Meadows can be brought up by top
dressing just as effectively, and S' much
less cost
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-29
Points OF n Good Fowl.

FoR'gcncral use a hen should be good
layer, sitter, and mother. She must be a
good feeder, too, bright, clear. eyed, quick
in her motions, but not scary, and with
these points, she will pay to keep. Be.
sides she should be large, well feathered,
with small, short legs, with a small head,
broad shoulders, and deep body. The
cock should be thicker in the leg, broader
across the shoulders, fully third heavier.
He should have gallant strut, be first out
in the morning, first to so to roost, in
clined to take on flesh easily, generous in
picking out titbits for the hens, and not
quarrelsome, We do not associate large
eyes with great hardness. They are a
great beauty, and indicate high breeding
hence, with perfection in feather and other
points, they are desirable in fancy fowls.
In very large breeds quick growth is de-
sirable, while early maturity is not. Each
of the different breeds has its character
istic points, and the fowl should, in addi,
ton to the above general marks, show
them distinctly. -imelicGll igy(cpltUriSt