davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
The Successful Farmer,

A man must know something about farming be-
fore he can become successful He may desire to
be farmer or gardener; but before he becomes
one be has something to learn We are constantly
meeting men, both old and young, who say that
they would like to become farmers. They like
fresh milk, butter, and eggs, the country air, and
fresh strawberries. Oh yes, they like all these
good things and many of them think they can be
had for the asking, no skill being required in their
production. 81 would like" says another, Ito
be doctor or lawyer" Well, do they become
rich without study? No; nor does any one think
of such thing Yet it would be just as foolish
to think of becoming scientific and successful
farmer without study as to become lawyer or
DOCTOR A love for the country is not enough in
itself to prepare one for being farmer. There is
no business which requires more thorough OBJ
servance or clearer perception Of the laws of nature
than farming, except perhaps that of being ply
sician; and the two professions are very much
alike, for we must study the laws which control
life in both. We trim our trees and care for them
as though they were patients under treatment,
and our knowledge of natural laws and principles
must be our guide. Perhaps this will account for
the success of most of the doctors who have be-
come farmers and gardeners.-Dr. F. M Hera-
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
NSTITUTI0NS AND OFFICERS
OFT
Presbyterian Church in the United States
oLERKs OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

CLERKS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
Rev. Joseph R. Wilson, D. D., Stated Clerk, Au
gusta, Ga.
Rev. William Brown, D. D., Permanent Clerk
Richmond, Va.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF sUsTENTATIoN.
Rev. J. Leighton Wilson, D. D., Secretary, Col
umbia, S. G.
Rev. Prof. James Woodrow, Treasurer, Colum
bia, s. G.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF FOREIGN MISSIONS
Rev. J. Leighton Wilson, D. D., Secretary, Col
umbia S. c..
Rev. Prof James Woodrow, Treasurer, Colum
bia, S. G.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF PUBLICATION.
Rev. E. Thompson Baird, D. D., Secretary, Rich
mond, Va.
G. Gennet, Esq. Treasurer, Richmond Va.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF EDUCATION.
Rev. E. Thompson Baird, D. D., Secretary, Rich.
mond, Va.
c. Gennet, ESQ.,. Treasurer, Richmond, Va.
TRUSTEES OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
Thomas c. Perrin, President.
Joseph 81. Wilson, Vice President.
Jesse Lindsay, Secretary and Treasurer.
FOR ONE YEAR.
Hon. Thomas C. Perrin, Abbeville, s. c.
Joseph 81. Wilson, Charlotte, n. G.
Jesse 81. Lindsay, Greensboro N. G.
James Hemphill, Chester, S. G.
Rev. George Howe, D: D., Columbia, s. c.
FOR TWO YEARS
Robert Adger, Charleston, S. c.
Hon. J. A. Ings, Cheraw, s. G.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
Will European Emigration Last?

Mr.. Charles Pearson, the English historian,
who has been studying the subject of emf
grafton during visit to this country, has
reached the startling conclusion that Euro
pean emigration to the United States may
cease within twenty, and even ten years.
His theory is based on the rapid acquisition
of the public lands by railroad corporations,
spectators, and private individuals. To
own land in large tracts, is becoming q
mania with the people of the United States.
This thirst for land is so great that already,
except in part of Dakota and in Wisconsin,
there is not State east of the Missouri where
the best land has not already been pre-occu-
pied; and the same process is going on very
rapidly west of the Missouri The ccnse.
quence is that cheap land is fast disappear
ing, and with it the inducement for Euro
peans to cross the ocean in search of new
homes. Lands are constantly rising in value,
and getting beyond the reach of the poor
emigrant. When the lands are all bought
up, emigration will cease. There is GER
tain degree of truth in this theory, but with
vast tracts of land still unoccupied at the
South, while the immense region of country
between the Missouri river and the Pacific
is as yet only dotted with settlements, and
while Mexico remains to be absorbed and
thrown into the market emigration to this
country is not likely to cease during the
next half century.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
II w. dtw.
Whv Americans Hate Farming.

think no one can read that splendid prose-
poem, of Guyots Earth and Man, wherein he
characterzes the position and products of the
American continents without feeling that they
ought to be the food producers OF the world.
They are the seat, he says, of excessive vegeta-
BILE, as the continents of the Eastern hemisphere
are of the noblest animal development. Let u.s.
then. rather set ourselves to carry out the grand
design of nature than to go against 1t. am
tired of the stories about Western farmers burn
ing their corn Let the dry goods clerks be set to
work on the railroads and canals to bring it to the
seaboard then. With butter at 60 cents, and beef
steak at 40 cents pound, and -four at SlS bar
rel, as they are in Boston at this present writing
MAY, 1862 it is absurd to say that we are pro-
ducing enough for home consumption and for ex
portation too Many a poor family have given
up butter and sugar, and juicy meat within these
last eight years. The fact that paper dollar is
but two thirds of gold dollar cannot account for
provisions being two or three times their former
price. No, the real trouble is that the American
hates farming and loves trading, partly because he
is physically undeveloped, and therefore physical
ly lazy; partly because farming is lonely and stu
pid, and without any of the stimulus of human
companionship to which his childhood at the dis
trict school accustoms him; partly because at that
school he got no knowledge nor love of nature
but only the trading ideas instilled by six years
drill in the dollar.cent examples of the arithme-
tic; and last, though not least, because farming
kills his wife, takes all the bloom, flesh, and vta
ty away from her at 40. Very often, even if she
can afford one, she cannot get servant; so that
she is in truth, next to an Indian squaw, the
greatest drudge on the American continent.
atlantic Monthly
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
TIE r M S.

Three Dollars year, payable in Advance. Pay.
ments made within the first tro months from date
of subscription, will be considered in advance.
-Four Dollars year, if payment is not made with
in two months.
All subscribers who do not give expires; notice to
the contrary will be regarded as wishing to continue
their subscription, and the paper will be sent to
them accordingly.
No paper will be discontinued until arrearages
paid except in special cases at the discretion of
the Editor.
The best modes of making payments are here put
down according to the order in which they are pre-
ferred:
l. To local agents wherever practicable; all min.
listers of our Church are authorised to act as SUCH
q bank check, or post Office money order
may be sent by mail without risk of loss.
g. Where neither Of these can be procured, send
in a registered letter. Under the new regulations
this mode is ordinarily safe.
The cost of the money order or registered letter
may be deducted from the amount transmitted.
Money sent according TO the directions above is
at our risk. If transmitted simply by mail, it must
be at the risk of the party sending it.
MARRIAGES AND DEATHS. Notices inserted with
out charge.
OBITUARIES. Charged at ten cents line The
party sending can make the estimate b, counting
eight words to line. Payment inroriably in adj
uance.
PosTAGE.-Twenty cents year-to be paid al the
Office where the paper is received
COMMUNICATIONS AND LETTERS on BUSINESS should
be addressed to Central Presbyterio Box 452,
Richmond, Va.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
Stated Clerks of Synods and Presbyteries.
SYNOD OF ALABAMA.

Rev. R. Nall, Tuskegee, Ala.
Presbytery of East Alabama-Rev. 6. r. Foster,
South Alabama-Rev. Il. R. Raymond, Marion,
Tuscaloosa-Rev. C. A. Stillman, Gainesville, Ala.
SYNOD OF ARKANSAS.
Rev. Thomas R. WEIGH, Little Rock, Ark.
Presbytery of Arkansas-Rev. T. R. WEIGH Little
Rock Ark.
Indian-Rev. c. c. Copeland, Wheelock.
Ouachita-Rev. NJ j. Wallace, Marbrook, Ark.
SYNOD OF GEORGIA.
Rev. Dr. j. S. Wilson, Atlanta, Ga.
Presbytery of Atlanta-Rev. James Stacy, Newman,
Ga.
AugustG-Rev. VIM. Finn, Milledgeville, Ga.
Cherokee-Rev j. w. Baker, Augusta, GA.
Florida-Rev. T. l.. DeVeaux, Madison Fla.
Macon-Rev. j. l.. King, Lawrenceville, Ga.
Savannah-Rev. D. Fl. Porter, Savannah, Ga.
SYNOD OF MEMPHIS.
Rev. r. R. Evans, Germantown, Tenn.
Rresbyteary Of ChickasaW-Rev. J. D. West, Ponto
toe, Miss
Memphis--Rev. R. R. Evans, Germantown Tenn.
North Mississippi Rev. 81. H. Paine, Holly Springs,
Miss.
Tuscun,bia-Rev. W. H. Mitchell, Florence, Ala
Western District-Rev. E. s. Campbell, Humboldt,
Tenn.
SYNOD OF MISSISSIPPI
Rev. R. McInnis Forest Miss.
Presbytery of Central Mississippi-Rev. R. E. Sher-
rill, Oklahoma, Miss
Louisiana-Rev. j. E. C. Doremus, N. Orleans, La.
Mssissippi-Rev. R. Price, Port Gibson, Miss
~ Orleans-Rev. Fl. NJ. Smith, New Orleans, La.
Red Riuer-Rev. D. f. Ford, Shreveport, La.
Tombeckbee-Rev. j. N Carothers Houston, Miss.
SYNOD OF NASHVILLE.
Rev. James Park, Knoxville, Tenn,
Presbytery of Holston-Rev. J. W. Backman Ro.
gersville, Tenn.
KnoruiUe-Rev. Jas. Park, Knoxville, Tenn.
Nashrile-Rev. Fl. e. Boude, Gallatin, Tenn
North Alabama-Rev. w. 81. Vernon, Cornersville,
SYNOD OF NORTH CAROLINA
Rev. j. Doll, Yanceyville, N. c.
Presbytery of Concord R. 2. Johnston, Provi-
dence, N. G.
Fayetteville J. P. Mcpherson, Shoe Heel N c.
Orange-Rev. j. Doll, Yanceyville. N. G.
Wilmington-Rev. L. McKinnon, Goldsboro, N. c.
SYNOD OF SOUTH CAROLINA.
Rev. VIM. Banks, Lakewood, S. c.
Presbytery of Bcthel-Rev. VIM. Banks, Hazlewood,
Charleston-Rev. G. s. Vedder, Charleston, S. c.
Harmony--Rev. W. A. Gregg, Bishopville, S. c.
S. Carolina-Rev. d. Men Turner, Abbeville sc.
SYNOD OF TEXAS.
Rev. L. Tenney, Carolina, Texas.
Presbytery of Brazos--Rev R. F. Bunting, D. D.,
Galveston, Texas.
Central Teras-Rev. L. Tenney, Carolina, Texas.
E. Teras-Rev. w. K. Marshall, Henderson, Texas.
Western TEXAS
SYNOD OF VIRGINIA.
Rev. VIM Dinwidde, Greenwood Depot, Va
Presbytery of Abingdon-Rev D. B. Ewing, Dublin
Depot, Va.
Chesapeake--Rev. j. W. Pugh, Warrenton. Va
f. Hanorer-Rev. P. B. Price, Richmond, Va.
Greenbrier-Rev. j. c.. Barr, Kauawha G. H., W. Va.
Lerington-Rev. S. Brown, Kerr's Creek, Va.
Montgomery-Rev. j. P. Smith, Big Lick. Va.
Roanoke-Rev. M. L. Lacy, Charlotte c. H., Va
Vest Hanooer-Rev. VIM. Dinwiddie, Greenwood
Depot, Va.
Winchester-Rev. j. R. Graham, Winchester, Va
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
A Crack in a Hog Trough.

The following from recent number Of
the Prairie Farmer is almost equal to Frank
Inns story of the whistle:
A few days ago friend sent me word
that every day he gives nearly twenty pals
of buttermilk to lot of shoats, and they
scarcely improved at all Thinks I, this is
breed of hogs worth seeing. They must
be of the sheet iron kind. So called on
him, heard him repeat the mournful story,
and then visited the sty, in order to get a
better view of the miraculous swine. Iwent
into the pen and found, on close examina-
ton, o crack in the troug n through which
most of the contents ran away under the
floor. Thinks l, here is the type of the
failures of our agricultural brethren.
When | see a farmer subscribing for a
half dozen political and miscellaneous pa
pers, and spending all his time in reading
them, while he does not read single agri-
cultural or horticultural journal, thinks L,
to myself, poor man, you have got q large
and wide crack in your hog trough.
When | see farmer attending all the
political conventions, and knowing every
man in town that votes his ticket, and yet,
to save his neck, could not tell who is Pres
ident of his County Agricultural Society, or
where the fair was held last year, "unan-
mously' come to the conclusion that the
poor soul has got crack in his hog trough.
When [ see farmer buying guano, but
wasting ashes and hen manure, trying all
sorts of experiments except intelligent hard
work and economy, getting the choicest of
seeds regardless of cost, then planting them
regardless of cultivation, growing the va.
riety of fruit called Sour Tart Seeding, and
sweetening it with sugar, pound for pound,
keeping the front fields rich, while the back
lots are growing up with thistles, briers, and
elders, contributing to the Choctaw Indian
fund and never giving cent to any agri-
cultural society; such a man, will give a
written guarantee, has got crack in his
hog trough, and in his head also.
When | see farmer allowing loose boards
all over his yard, fence down, hinges off the
gate, manure in the barn-yard, l come to
the conclusion that he has got large crack
In his hog trough.
When 1 see farmer spending his time
travelling in carriage, when he has to sell
all his corn to pay the hired help, and his
hogs are SO lean that they have to lean
against the fence to squeal, | rather lean to
the conclusion that somebody that stays at
home will have lien on the farm, and that
some day the bottom will come entirely out
of his hog trough.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
The Armies of Europe.

A paragraph from Mr.. Motleys Grafton
on "Human Progress thus presents the
evils of the European system of govern
ments:
But alas ! progress must be fettered and
hating everywhere under the military rule
prevailing over continental Europe. Reflect
upon these little figures in simple arithmetic
France has 100000 soldiers.
Italy has 100000.
Prussia about l, 100000.
Austria 806,@0.
Russia nearly 100000.
Thus merely the Pentarchy of the CONT
nent keep about five millions of men perpet-
ually on foot, while this Republic has
about 100000 No epigram could be terser:
For period varying from fifteen to nine
yearS-the whole of youth and the cream of
middle age-theSe citizens lose their family,
their home, their country. Is it really the
final result of European civilization to de-
eide which nation shall have the most popu-
lous armies or the biggest guns? ,"
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
Salt.-Ezra iY: IA.

We have maintenance from the palace.
E. V. Literally, "We have our salary
from the palace. ''-,JtaiIs The soldiers
of Rome received their salarium, or stipend
of salt. "WhOse salt does he eat?" a com
mon question this day in India. We ask,
"WhO supports him." He who puts clothes
on his back, money in his purse, and food in
his mouth. This is implied by the question.
Oriental soldiers are ready to enlist for any
one who will give them salt" Once
pledged, they viii contend while they can
draw a sword, and like the Swiss guards
who persisted for Louis XVI, they will lay
down their lives for any one who will sus-
tain them How much kinder u Master have
believers, and vet, alas how timid as to any
sacrifice of ease or interest Buyers Re
collections Of India.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
Ventilation one Preventive of Colds

The other morning | ran in to spend a
few moments at the house of friend, and
the first sensation l experienced upon enter
ing was, 1 can never endure this sitting at:
mOsphere The windows were tightly closed;
a rousing fire burned in the "Oriental,"
while my friends, Mrs. W, her sister,
Mrs. B and her little boy sat lowering
over the stove. There they sat, complaining
of cold, although enveloped in thick worsted
breakfast shawls, which articles are very in
elusive of colds. Truly it was cold morn
ing, but my walk of mile had invigorated
and made me appreciate the healthfulness
of pure air. The impure atmosphere soon
caused me to make some suggestions in re
gard to ventilation. But to them the very
idea was appalling. Seeing, however, l
must remain without change, my outside
wrappings were loosened, and took seat
near the fire. We chatted for FIVE or ten
minutes, when began to sneeze, and to feel
extremely drowsy. Being aware that l had
taken bad cold, by entering their hot and
unventilated room, my call was shortened;
and 1 took my departure, feeling unusually
stupid. 1 have rea of one English physi-
clan who entertained the opinion that "what
we call colds should be termed 'hots, as
they are generally contracted by entering
hot, unventilated rooms" My experience
in such statement has proved true, espe-
cially in this case.
Ifpeople valued the pure, free atmosphere
little more, much suffering with Influenza
catarrh, and cold in the head, would be avoided
Although our climate is adopted to colds
and other ills, and seems to affect Americans
sooner than others, still the impure air
indoors is more provocative of such diseases
than that outside. Ventilation can and should
be had in some way; and the simplest
method of lowering the upper window and
of raising the lower sash, is preferable to no
method at all. The impure air is always at
the lower part of the room, consequently,
the lower sash must be raised to let out the
foul air, and one let down to admit pure air.
Almost the next news | heard from Mrs
BIS little boy was, that he was i'll with
scarlet fever, contracted by playing outdoors
in the snow. l went down and found little
Eddie, robust by of five years, Frustrated
with one of children's terrors. He being an
only child, the parents were nearly frantic
with grief, for fear of losing their treasure
Eddie's grandmother happened to be visit
ing there at the time of his illness; and not
for the first time did she prove patient
composed and loving nurse. But if she had
taught her daughter the Importance of
ventilation, and had the mothers apartment
been we'll ventilated, the exercise the sick
boy took out of doors would not have resulted
in scarlet fever.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03

DoNATE.-I need hardly say, hope, to
any reader of these articles, that this word
is utterly abominable-one that any lover
of simple English cannot hear with patience,
and without offence. 1t has been formed by
some presuming and ignorant person from
donation, and is much such word as vocate
would be from vocation, crate from grafton,
or gradate from graduation; and this, when
we have, give, present, grant, confer, endow,
bequeath, devise, with which to express the
act of transferring possession in all its pos
sible varieties The first of these will an
swer the purpose, in most cases, better than
either of the others, and donation itself is
not among our best words. If any man
thinks that he and his gift are made to seem
more imposing because the latter is called a
donation which he donates, let him remem
Der that when Antonio requires that the
wealthy Shylock shall leave all he dies pos
sessed of to Lorenzo and Jessica, he stipu-
lates that she do record gift of it, and
that Portia, in consequence, says, "Clerk,
draw deed of gift and more, that the
writer's of the simplest and noblest English
that has been written called the Omnipotent
"the giver of every good and perfect gift. "
r. Grant White.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
SYNOD of Memphis.


Chickasaw-J. II. Gaillard, Coonewa, Miss.
A. Russell, Somerville, Tenn.
North Mississippi-E. NJ. Rich rdson, Grenada,
Miss.
Tuscumbia-W. f. Mitchell, Florence, Ala.
Western District.-Wm. Cameron, jackson, Tenn.
Synod of Mississippi.
Central Mssissippi-J. Hunter, jackson, Miss.
Louisiana-A. K. Graves, Baton Rouge, La.
Mssissippi-R. Price. Port Gibson, Miss.
New Orleans-H. NJ Smith, New Orleans, La
Red Rirer-J. F. Ford, Shreveport, La.
TOmbeckbee-A. H. Barley, Charlottesville, Miss.
Synod of Nashville.
Holston-S. B. Campbell, Leesburg, Tenn.
Knoruille-T. H. McCallie Chattanooga, Tenn.
NashriUe-J. W. Neil, Murfreesboro, Tenn.
North Alabdma-W II. Vernon, Cornersvie, Tenn.
Synod of North Carolina.
COncord-J. D. Parks, Charlotte n C.
Farley, Manchester, NC.
Orange-J II. Smith, Greensboro N. c.
Wilmington-H. A. Monroe, Brown Marsh, N. G.
Synod of South Carolina.
Charleston-W. Fl. Adams, Charleston, s. c.
Bethel-James H. Sage, Lewsville, S. G.
Harmony--D +. Frierson, Mars Bluff, s. G.
Synod of Texas.
Brazos-R F. Bunting, D. D., Galveston, Texas.
Central 7eros-L. Tenney, Carolina, Texas.
Eastern Tears.
Western TerGs.
Synod Of Virginia.
Abingdon-J. N. Naff, Dublin Depot, Va.
Chesapeake.
East Hanocer-W. A. Campbell, Powhatan c. H.,
Va.
Greenbrier.-J. 81. Leps, Frankfort, West Va.
Lexington.
Montgomery-Dr. J. d. Mitchell, Lynchburg, Va.
Roanoke. B. Shearer, Black Walnut, Va.
West Hdnorer-E Woods, Charlottesville, Va.
Winchester-M. w. Woodwork, Burlington W. Va.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03

This refers to Jesus, our Saviour. We
are ignorant, and know not the way to our
heavenly Fathers house; but Jesus is sent
to show US, and to lead us by way that we
knew not.
How many difficulties there are in the
way to life, and how great But the great
Leader of his people says, "Behold will
make darkness light before you, and the
crooked places plain, and the rough places
smooth"
What pity and what care does all this
manifest on the part of our heavenly Father.
He gave this Leader, his only Son, because
as Jesus was infinitely wise, gracious, for
bearing and powerful, he knew he could trust
everything into his hands.
And o, how kind in him to come to such
world, and to undertake such a task =
What patience, and love and divine skill
were needed to lead those who are often so
unwilling to be led, even by the Son of God /!
He came to lead us from the world into
the Church-frOm the law to the gospel
from sin to holiness. And how kindly he
leads all his people to the Cross to weep, to
the throne to pray-tO his vineyard to work,
and then at last to the mansions of eternal
rest.
He leads US in the way he went himself;
in the footsteps of his flock; and all how
gently, as we are able to bear it.
dear Saviour be our constant guide,
Then when the word is given,
Bid the cold waves of death divide,
And land US safe In heaven
OLD PILGRIM.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-03-03
PROF. c. E. STOWE, in an article to II

PROF. c. E. STOWE, in an article to The
CongregatiOnalist, writes:
"The present aspect of Judaism through
out Christendom is we'll nigh astounding. l
take regularly three Jewish papers, two in
English and one in German ; and every week
they contain articles against Christianity,
very determined, and not unfrequently Bit
ter and violent. The Jews are very active,
and rapidly growing in wealth and influence
There are ten regularly employed preaching
Rabbis in New York city, and nearly as
many synagogues. Cincinnati is not behind
New York in this respect, and there are four
or FIVE in Boston Some of their syna-
gogues in New York and Cincinnati are
among the most costly and splendid religious
edifces in the United States. They are es =.
tablishing schools of the highest order, and
have commenced operations for an American
Jewish National University (Maimonides
College, in our city, of the highest class;
and they already have one or two theologi-
cal seminaries.