, 1869-03-29


that ths Audltos who rnsde these sen9Yss has hi
srs'gned and gone 70 the WcAt.
con&Fess q Or = he PTeadens onsht 70 afford us some
pTpttEennr they 9npH Ia 10 pceupY utf}cea We
ought not 70 be .uspitcd by having dc paramaprs
aua n1!st1tased of members Of Caneers1 forced
9pqPS 9pq T. "a aaa p 9agH to tolcte ther socsty
sad, ai.d the pollution Of hts department, LII him
appoint moral and coupetcnt wpmco; then let Us
casuest prayer Of every honest wo1nan-c clerk.
HANNAH TtLxR-
THE TARIFF QUEsTION.
Lecture by Professor \. L. rsrrF ut
Cooper Inssatuto,
Ths second Of courss Of leet1eerou Spcjs, sud
Political Science Eas delivered Il the. Cooper In
stiinte On February eoth, By 4 l. Perry Esq. Pro
Mszsseaasests lie chose for hls SUBJECT fhe o qass
ton, "WhJ do We mike EXCHANGES - Tpczr Wa
ArEe attendance r. Pe11y ID substance spoke
fae sa6 iect about which arn to discourse Is
NOT one u reference to which need Say that any
should 90 9p 2 Heaven to fetch Il down. or Who
ehAi 60 INTO the depths to bring It up The vprd
came 70 unfold is nigh unto u made familiar
By our daily experience IN Ie--shis buying and
selling, that s = . ~ esessnse: asse: WHY Do Te
there ts hardly anybody IN The community
soMehnss speak ct the commercial clssses bur
what Il precisely the same thing, sold samcihinR,
for ypa win notice that no man ean buy without
taxes &s pa Tor wi1zs be sea, which i 1 ta1nr Ia
Or be takes promise to receive pay, which Is
pp1ng directs: Now there Is oae principle and
cnH only th2t HnderAfs nil exchanges, that H.
ways dld uudertte them and al.aJs Wn1 nnderue
shsn-tnk1 furnishes the oulT raottEe to then,
sRa S sss md IL r. pnsp o5 2ss5 es9 q
Z 1aaE .1E d9Tn = !r9 sr ns M
se Fs d Il ss T5s @ o. sasa sSd
r. @eessas sss:sases '?st'ss asaassss tsaa ssa
VII VII the M .ua4esse ssRsfqs perms my nc leetp: ys
suppose hit Il nc 1illasc IN Thfch i've tnsse ~
de s1qs ,ss, ad t,ot aad r. "a
sE!th trade, aud the blaeksInith has learned tho
tstIort ttadc also. These unlikely suppos1nons
na Ss 5as5 ss eS9 e
make eeeis - vel & tse tailor, and Ttia "a ID.
With an et1ctencg equaI to nye Lei Us suppose,
siso that ihe other csn work 4 his own trade, and
shst q tas .S ethcr = equally vel There = m ms
whether there Nuu!d bc-whethe1 there conlu BE-
under thote circumstances m exchange between
them nss motve rould the tailor nave
motrca naa the BLACKSMITH to tie IL
eeas To 70 ~ ne taior; Il there should b
N e1E1anGe petNecn tnenn, there would be no
pspposiuoh thai, equality Of uiyantasv E;yes brth
70 no trade. But rsss 10 consider TIC pruposl
nSa e. aaefee e 20 o. ssan,a Is The !ssoa ef
smith Ltt sts stpfpae that the tailor by N ID
cseasnF s1ryoston 10 hss own employment, ~ cnn-
ss1; o I've e s seea sss fesnIas e T.
ssSSts S9ss:4trs;s: =; Il +
trade remaining II ave. Now them i a dicerenes
u advantage ot gnc orer the Other, md when they
60 70 e1cnnge thcre Is difference Of mo to be
70 e1chaDgt, and there. Will BE- gain
= tae sSsha9Se sa5ss place put
u a eT1,es 9s 9sGs n1
e ne nelR that nasnre Affords . hl;a, and S7rca
h5 hsea sg vsany @ e ene b I'M
gives up hlackzmlthing and tales the ssInc couTse
and caTte* by abt!!ty nr to nfteen-his ci1cicncI
other remains At 1vc. Now Jou viii sec tfas there
Is great motive to exchange between thrse Two
aEtisans md there viii b. great gain when they
the other Of ten and the pruatanlcness Of the ex-
satnge u te9 tmcs Is 21sat - Y VAS hefore: 70
asa, 20 ,on r a. ~ II
b 20 trade without difference Of advantage, aud
{ast IN proportion to this diference Of adsantage
besomea ne pIoatshlensss Of exchange There
these. The hrst L. that the greater tno di1e1cnce
OF advantage between the parties exchanging, the
Horo r,sodsse!S do ths s1ctansea becomc. Wo
Rt1es birth 10 no exchaa1c, aud this point it
HectnA 10 tnc ditrosea At a st1utp OF the faliacJ
pete" You hear It a{ten said that d uaiton mist
be able "a epmp<te with foreign nations before 1t
can t1aae freel5 nlth thca Il y direct result Of
ton b able 70 compete With foreign na,iona IN
thia or that production, TINT moment thu cx-
fesnSs 1es g.. s S esfssy n nd d
70 confuse vhulc GeneEat1ons Of men
yea9g % t ma1 n mr., Tsss PIT - -
sa esn ii tase 7 ades sd m s = ~ es
with them. What Eould ba the resnlt: lie would
do these things With . certain nrc12Rc Icsree of
esenS IT, J.. ~ ~ ne n ansSsnee r. ot adsanaSn b.
Eery slight ana consequently the rEadsahseuesaof
hA exchanges wo.f1d ise sery slight also. 10 what
one single eppuynlcns to have great relxtye al-
vantage over other men. iustines nation ani de-
r.ants that natfun shoNld develop those Pc
cullar ndEa EantaRcs which It na BY p2tuIc IT. POSI-
unns and apttates, by turning tnose branches Ut
Industry which 1t hnA to advantage ald httaluinR
y ns, sas highest 9oe sa that y e1
who hare IN advantage oser It with thrse
things which It destscs ta Ietrn- fApplause] Eng.
an1kms eyss, fosStt,ns thas Inc prosperity Of cach
wtA lnTntyed tn The highest prosperity OF the Other
The cheaper EnRiand could mako the PRODUCTS
which France wanted. tho greater advantage Tor
france. and the cheaper Franco could make Of
gsaw the nmn1odntck that Ensian. wanted, tho
finus1T f'1at thcra sra cer1siu nafIons that hny.
c. eammoatIss that We want fhey can nase taoss
and the wtsle ttlnu IA nil ~ Il Tern H,sastTnps
t1nk
Now p.as to the SECOND Inference, FROM these
thAt ali taxation Is 80 mr. forth dlmlnnrion Of the
gains Of exrhangc, because II 3essens tho diner
ence Of tho advantage betEren the parties Who
= a. q 70 e.
sRs is;S9 sSs Fl sss 81; Pss e. Ts
ne otmel sae IT se. aas has Ca
a' &C. e4aaS. aa q I ss s Sn,a 1oq
sisie thst IN ifsomc iax. fairly ass,sset.
i hc Least oh,ecsionanio anI sairest u
sT s. 5nt T. fass ss
"a iet b I'D aencs .n q
nnt of Thjc6 aiono excS.nrss surinu. Tnis fe,@
Of ilieo1tmats iaxa1jop Is sometlInas called ps,
deuyed fronu the naT,e pf = p5proon.osy rgnn,nR
out Into tnsstrasta Of Gibraltar so-calle,l amer
Noo.a eet = ne MoS,a ba,!s 4 !e.,fss, ,a upon 4
ssS 81 ie aRaa e. e. s
4 iad!Escsl| hsnentea fsF m0ro Than f suffered
sud Fead many bookA to see now that
miracle ID wrought out. have looked
With u ny eyes. ~, wantea 70 see aow
can1 sec Il. Iaukhtst and applsusel HUT nox
viii give 5dn . htsla practical experience in the.
veIaped civilization on grand scaie But proteo-
tion never ehTncd upon the wise heads tnat butlt
the Partnenon And originated the daest necaIsr
y II the pot Of Athens which WIS the CHIEF port
q Greece. ~ two rer cent ad raa'stm: Ihese
Eere certain Other pons q 1feeee n position Of
dependence upon Atncaa1 and. upon taesa pofta
abe lested aHu1J Of ftye Fer cent and on Que oc-
eaA9n. xhea somc g tasN showed % syaptoms Of q
casd our sAas 1t ras s1tostton-shst 1t vas "a
attempt o,op. the rlshta aud privileges
Of the Greek etate; ftee Htatas -1za
lnTaded by ten per cent duty. That WA GfeeE
experience tn the matter of exchanges, Rnne.
dl1 :o!ae Grsat tnlnss IN C1ee!o,s time tnt high