davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
How to Put Saws In Order.

A SAW is an edged tool. The edges of
the teeth cut with crushing stroke. For
this reason the very points should be
brought to fine edge by means of fine
file and fine -gritted milestone. When
the points of teeth have been filed sharp, on
most saws, the edge is coarse and wiry. No
saw will cut satisfactorily when there is
such q rough and coarse edge on the teeth.
When saw that has good temper is put
in proper order, it will cut off a hard log
with a very limited amount Of power.
philosophy of putting any kind of a
saw in order consists of having the very
points ofSall thesteeth range as perfectly as
may be practicable When one tooth is
only tritle longer than two or three on
either side of it, too much is required of
il. When ten men of unequal stature are
required to carry a stick of timber on
their shoulders, the taller ones must bear
all the burden, while the short men car
ry nothing. This illustrates the case pre-.
cisely in regard to saw-teeth of unequal
lengths. When a few teeth are so much
longer than those on each side of them,
the points take such rank hold of the
wood that the saw jumps and the teeth do
not cut true kerf. This requires more
power to work the saw, and the teeth will
NOT cut so smOOlntyi 80 easily, nor SO last
as if all the points were of uniform
length, and all were standing in rows, as
straight as a mathematical line. When
the teeth of good saw are properly set
and correctly filed and whetted, a saw
will run through board like a warm
knife through cold butter.
To put saw in order, secure the blade
in the saw-clamps; joint the points true
with flat file then file the points to a
sharp edge. And always file where there
is sufficient light to enable you to see the
points distinctly. Be exceedingly careful
to stop filing as soon as the tooth is filed
to perfect point One thrust with the
file after the tooth has been brought to a
complete edge, will shorten it, put the saw
out of order just in proportion as the
point is filed off Let the points be set
uniformly, and only little. Go over the
teeth with an old file, to give them more
perfect edge Then lay the blade fatty on
a smooth board, and pass fine gritted
milestone along the sides of the points, to
remove the wiry edge and give the teeth
as fine a cutting edge as practicable. A
good saw, when in prime order, is one OF
the most effective tools in Exchange.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
farm aud HousthoId.
Best Soil for Wheat.

II soil is destitute Of wheat producing
material, it cannot produce a bountiful
crop of that kind of grain. There are
many that will produce fair crops OF In.
dian corn, barley and oats, which will not
yield a remunerating crop of wheat-and
whyf Simply because the crop of wheat
they plant cannot find in that soil the right
Kind OF materials to form the kernels
In one soil the minute roots find abun-
dance of material, which they may take
up Tor the formation and perfect develop
ment oil Kernels while in another soil
the roots may send out their numerous
little hungry mouths into every cubic
inch of soil in search of material 10 pro.
duce the grain and not find il. This is
the great difficulty with soil that will not
produce wheat and until such materials
are added to the soil, it may be cultivated
and sowed in vain
Our aluminous, heavy, slippery, clay
soils are by no means the best for the pro
duction of either winter or spring wheat
although they will yield good crops when
well drained and thoroughly pulverized
and manured. Our country abounds in
soils of mixed character, which will
produce remunerating crop of wheat
once in five or six years, while they can
not be set down as good wheat soils ant
| they cannot be very much improved fol
growing wheat unless a vast amount o
clay were thoroughly mingled with the
soil.
On some soils, where sand predomi
mates, wheat would not grow heavy enough
to pay for harvesting it. And the same Il
true of soils where alluvion constitutes {
large portion of the soil a sandy sol
will furnish silica enough to form gooC
stiff straw, while a mucky soil will pro
duce q slender and soft straw, which will
fall down before the grain is matured
| The best soil for wheat is one in whicl
the predominating characteristics ar
clay and loan, having neither too muc
of the one nor too much Of the othel
The lighter loan soils and such alluvion
as have been brought from clayey local
ties, will often produce bountiful crops {
excellent wheat and sometimes muck
soil will yield a fair crop of this kind {
grain. But their fertility for wheat wi
soon be exhausted. Calcareous clays, gray
ely clays, aluminous clays, as well q
many soils that are a mixture of all thes
just named, with good management-cult
vating, manurinP, and draining-will a
most always yield fair crops of wheat
american Wheat CWturiSt
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
Mashed Potatoes.

WHRN potatoes are small, cut or mis-
shspen, they should never be put on the
table without some preparation that will
not only tlt them for easy digestion, but
make them have a more attractive appear
ance when they are placed among the
other dishes for dinner. The good house
wife, too, will feel a considerable degree
of modification in seeing her guests cut
open boiled or baked potatoes and find
them hollow and perhaps badly discolored
in the middle. Not only are the center
portions OF such potatoes unfit TO be put
upon the table but the same is true Of the
interior of very large potatoes. The finest
portion of the potato-that which is most
mealy when cooked and the most abund-
ant in starchy matter-is situated very
near the surface while that which is near
the center, except in some particular va.
rieties grown in the best soils and well
ripened, is apt to be watery, tasteless and
indigestible,
To have very nice dish of mashed po-
tstoes-snd when well prepared il is a
very nice dish; though when badly gotten
up, an utter abOmination-we should boil
the potatoes in the most approved manner
Remove their coverings and select only
such portions as are mealy and white,
WING NN'ANA0A w k'NN ~ VIZ Sn ~ pan NNAAl
discolored portion and the interior OF all
the larger potatoes
The msshing should be thoroughly and
quickly done so that the mass does not be-
come cold, and then placed on a substan.
tial dish that will bear considerable de-
gree Of heat II it is shaped by means Of
a Tin vessel such as is used for baking cake
in, its appearance will be greatly improved.
The addition of good rich cream will be
an addition indeed, and will render the
dish more attractive both TO the eye and
the palate. Some add the yolk of an egg
for like purpose.
The dish of mashed potatoes is now
ready, not for the table but for the oven,
which should be hot enough 20 impart q
delicate brown to the entire surface, or
this desired color may be obtained by
bringing over il the inner surface Of an
iron vessel which Is heated quite hot A
cavity should now be formed az the TOP
and piece OF butter placed in II, Jus. as
II Is placed upon the table Another nice
way of serving mashed potatoes Is to
shape and brown them in small tins such
as are used tor baking cup cakes il pre-
pared in this way one portion may be
handed 20 each guest on small plate by
itself Mashed potatoes also make an ex-
oellent breakfast dish, II they are shaped
In round balls covered NTH the yolk Of
eggs snd tFied bFaYn, ~ lrairis FsrrEfF
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
Common VS.. Improved Fowls.

WHY is it that farmers, poultry raisers
and others who keep fowls, either for
pleasure or profit, cannot see any advan.
agein keeping improved breeds ofpoultry
over the common dunghill fowlsP Is il
not patent to every one that it costs nc
more to keep good stock than poor
Every progressive farmer will acknowl
edge thai herd of thorough bred COWS
viii pay better than the common mongrel
stock but why do they not carry the
same idea into practice in the poultry
yard?
The fifty or more chickens kept by most
farmers, if replaced by twenty of some one
of the improved breeds, would yield bet.
ter return, and at a far less cost for keen
ing. Twenty Iloudans, Crevecpurs
Black Spanish, or some other good breed,
will produce more eggs, during the year,
and as many chickens Of not non-sitters),
as one hundred common fowls, as the lat.
ter are usually kept, or rather not kept
for they are allowed to run where they
please by day, roost where they please by
night and shift for themselves. Either of
the above varieties, and others we could
name, will yield two hundred to two hun
dred and fifty eggs each per year, and
many other older varieties will yield from
one hundred and fifty to two hundred.
But how many yards of common fowls will
you find that will average Ooer fifty to
seyenty-tive eggs each?
1t is impossible to give any guide as to
the number of fowls any one should keep.
One person could protitably keep one
hundred, and perhaps two hundred while
another would be oVerstocked with twen-
ty. Keep only so many as you can keep
uvall 10 al "a r,,In O. -
think it is impossible to keep large num-
bers of fowls together and have them
thrive. 1t is mistaken idea, and origin
ates from the fact that, where large yards
of fowls are kept, they rarely receive
proper care and attention, and therefore
cease to be profitable. While it is very
little labor to care tor dozen or so chick
ems, we are very apt to begrudge the time
expended on a hundred or more. 1t seems
"too much time to waste on a lot of chick.
ems )" but actually the time thus spent will
pay better than in any investment OF
equal amount on the farm. We believe
that, giving them the requisite time and
attention, there is double the profit on
two hundred and fifty dollars, (or double
that) invested in poultry, than in an
equal investment in any other hind Of
farm stock.
Look at the prices paid for eggs in New
York city, the past winter, and during the
past few ycars-sometime as high as fifty
cents per dozen. The average for the
year will go a50cG thirty cents Now, two
hundred eggs at two and half cents each
make just five dollars. Allow two dollars
for care and feed, and there is three dol
lars profit on the eggs, and probably g
brood Of chickens yet TO be counted in
But to secure this result, they must be
cared for, good quarters for roosting and
laying provided, kept free from vefmin
regular : fed and watered, and the neces
sary time devoted to their care and com
fort, and then it will be found protitabl,
as well as pleasurable -Rurdl Ne3c Yorker
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
How to Raise Good Crop of Wheat.

AN "Old Farmer" writes to Hearth and
Home as follows:
The etrstimportant step will be to relieve
the soil of excessive moisture, where the
land is at ali inclined 10 be wet Nature
has made ample provision for the drainage
OF some sections of the country while in
other localities, even where the land is
cultivated from year to year, the sou Is
quite zoo wet for wheat Another requi-
site of prime importance is, the improve
ment of the seed. The farmers of our
country can never raise good crops of this
or any other cereal, until the seed has
been saved with great care, from year TO
wear, for many successive seasons, Just as
We save the seed of Indian-eorn. With
the imperfect cultivation that our wheat
now receives, If the seed were improved
as seed-wheat may be, by careful selection,
for a few successive seasons, the wheat
crop would be increased fully one third,
Another consideration is, more thorough
culture and preparation Of the soil some
kinds of plants win flourish luxuriantly,
aud fructiiy bounnfully, where the plant,
food Is rough and the culture Of the soil
rude. But abundant crops OF wheat
cannot be grown under such CIR
cumstances, Wheat requires system
Of thorough and progressive agriculture.
The wheat-plant Is delicate and dainty
feeder; the roots will not feed ON coarse
manure they need the fins and delicate
pabulum that has been prepared by the
growth and decay of the roots and stems
of red clover. The wheat.plant must be
supplied with such feTti'izipg material as
VIII form large heads and plump kerne's
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15

~" But, General, this letter is from Gen.
Grant"
cit matters not who the letter Is from,
you have my answer"
"But what shall say 60 Gen. Grant, "
"Tell him Just what | have said-that
there is no vacancy"
"Well Mr.. Spinner, wish you would
read this letter, for ! have Just come from
| Gen. Grant"
al have no place for you, Madam, and
! couldn't give ysu one IL you were an angel
from God"
Al this blunt but decisive reply the
| lady was for some time speechless, though
| size still fingered, reluctant TO give up the
| coveted prize. While she stood there,
who should step in but Gen Grant him
self
lie had scarcely entered the door when
| the lady flew TO him and poured fourth
her grievances.
Cant you find asituation for this lady,
Mr. spinner askod Grant.
=Spinnor turned to the General and,
| Yankee.lkc, answered his question by
| asking another.
General, If man came 20 you with n
whole cart losd of the very best recon.
mendations and asked you TO appoint
nlm Ohpthln III ItBlulcut VI inlhutiy
which was already supplied with its full
complement of officers, what would you
say to him"
| should tell him there was no vacancy,
l think"
"That is precisely the case, General, in
this instance"
81 see, said Grant cit is impossible,
and you are certainly right"
So the lady did not find a situation, but
she did find a public officer who could not
be tempted TO create an unnecessary office
for any person, no matter how strong the
influence might be that urged the petition.
- Washington Cor. ~ y. Heid
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
A Cheap Bath.

Sun baths COST nothing anda are the most
refreshing, liie-giving baths anyone can
take, whether sick or well Every house
keeper knows the necessity Of giving her
woolcns the benefit of the sun from time
to time, and especially after long rainy
season or long absence OF the sun.
Many will think of the injury their clothes
are liable to from dampness, who will
never reflect that an occasional exposure
of their own bodies to the sunlight is
equally necessary to their own health
The sun baths cost nothing, and that is a
misfortune; for people are still deluded
with the idea that those things only can
be good or useful which cost money. Let
II not be forgotten three of Gods most
bonetsont gifts to man-three things the
most necessary to good health-sunlight
fresh air and water-are free to all; you
can have them in abundance, without
money and without price, if you will. If
you would enjoy good health, then see to
It that you are supplied with pure air to
breathe all the time; thai you battle for
an hour OF so in the sunlight; and that
you quench your thirst with no other fluid
than cold water Exchange.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
Gen. Spinner and the Lady Clerks.

As An illustration OF the severe ordeals
through which the heads of departments
and bureaus have 10 pass in complying
with the economical edicts of Congress,
may relate what transpired between Gen.
Spinner, United States Treasurer, and one
of the fair victims of reduction Of the
force Of employees.
Among the ladies discharged from the
registers Bureau was one who had ob'
tanned her appointment on the recon-
mendations of Gen. Grant and Com
Porter. When notified that she was one
of the unfortunates, this lady did not &C
cept her dismissal in very amiahle way
Instead of stating her necessities to tn,
head of the bureau, and requesting 20 b,
retained, she took il in high dudgeon anC
informed that officer that she would dea
with his superiors.
She then applied TO Gen. Spinner for I
position in his bureau, and he told her he
could do nothing for her.
Mr. Spinner with letter from Gen, Dent
written by direction of Gen. Grant This
letter she presented 10 Spinner, who read
II and replied " But have no vacancy
and cannot appoint you"
Fooled again. she rstreated in good
order, and In day OF two returned 70 the
attack with renewed vigor, armed with
another letter when the following dia
logue occurred between Mr. Spinner and
the lady
"Now, Mr Spinner win you do me the
favor 70 read thisie,tsrf"
you"
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
The Farmers Savings Bank.

HAVE been acquainted with two farm
ers more than twenty years. They re =.
spectiyely came into possession of farms
of some two hundred acres each, worth
at that time about thirty dollars an acre.
They are both industrious and economi-
cal, yet publc-spirited and liberal have
both been members of the Legislature,
and occupy high standing in country
society, but have pursued two very differ
ent systems of farming. Mr.C. d. immedi
ately began to plant his surplus revenue
in the sol. Instead of dealing out his
manure in homeopathic do es over sew
eral acres he plowed no more than he
could manure highly and cultivate thor
oughly, thereby producing as large crop
from one acre as his Mighbors did from
two, and was one of the first in this vi
cinity, to introduce system of high cul-
ture. Having large amount of pastures
and meadow, he bought young cattle to
consume his hay, never selling any, and
so increased his manure. The loose stones
in the field were gathered and put into
permanent stone fences and under drains.
His barns and sheds were gradually ex-
tended, so as to give warm shelter to
his stock, and so save large percentage
of their food. His stock were always well
housed and well fed. recollect one year,
when, in consequence of excessive drouths,
his crops were small, that he did not hest
tate to buy corn by the carload, rightly
judging that the next spring his
cattle, if in good condition, must
sell at q high price Boggy mea-
dOws were drained, the bOgs con-
verted into fertilizing material for the up
land, and the lowland brought into good
mowing-lapd. By this slow but sure sys
tenn of returning the profits of the soil to
the soil again, he has increased its. pros
ducts more than six fold, has farm that
you could not buy for one hundred dollars
an acre, and over twelve thousand dol
lars in farming and United States stocks
and money. Such is his savings bank. '
Mr.. L. has been equally industrious, but
by no means so successful He looked
upon his farm as bank of dividends, in
stead of a bank of deposits. His idea of
farming has been % sell all he could spare,
and loan the money at high rates of inter
est. By pursuing this course his helds are
Impoverished, barns rickety, fences
tumbling down, cattle often found in the
growing grain, while he is away from
home, with his team, thinking he is max
ing money, because he gets tive dollars a
day for his work His cattle and sheep
are fed at stacks, or in open yards, where
they waste and consume as much food as
would carry them through the winter, in
good condition, ii properly sheltered but
as 1t Is, they come out poor and thin, and
If sold at all, must sell at a low price. AS
natural consequence, his farm is not
worth rs much now as when he bought II,
and he is not worth a dollar moro than he
was twenty years ago. Skinning the farm
/ and lending money has been his savings
bank. Which do you like bestg-H A. S.
tn Hearth and Home
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15

City Passenger Railroads are not in.
Cluded in the above summary. These are
now in general use in all considerable
cities and in numerous instances in places
where population is less dense. Their
economical bearings are fully recognized
and their popularity is increasing Bos-
ton, New York, Brooklyn and Phila-
delphia count their street railroad tracks
by hundreds Of miles. Probably the total
Is not less than 1000 TO $500 miles.
Nor have we included in our statement
any account OF the second tracks with
which most of the leading lines are sup
piled, nor the sidings and turnouts on all
the lines. These may be estimated at %
OF 30 per cent. of the length of road, and
are being added TO yearly Adding these
supplementary tracks 20 the tabulated
mileage we find that the total length OF
equivalent single track in use is from 2j,.
500 to 81, 900 miles, and il we add to this
the equivalent for the city passenger tracks
TO nearly 10000 miles. II is now forty
years since we began TO build railroads
and In that time we have built greater
length than is 10 be found in the whole o
Europe. Progress leads but TO new de
mands and enterprises Rail
| rOdd Journal.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
Wheat-Bran for Milch Cows.

Cows THAT give milk require food that
abounds in albuminous matter, In order to
be able 10 maintain satisfactory flow of
rich milk Buckwheat bran will produce
about as large quantity of milk as wheat.
bran. But the milk made by feeding
buckwheat bran will be thin and poor,
and much inferior to. the milk which a
COW gives when her feed is composed
largely Of wheat bran, which contains a
large amount of albuminous matter. But
wheat bran undeTgoes great improve
ment by being cooked before it is fed.
Agricultural chemists tell us that bran
contains more than fourteen per cent. of
albumen, which is an excellent feed for
making rich milk. Besides this, wheat
bran contains about three per cent. of
phosphoric acid, which is an excellent ar
ticle in the line of fertilizing materials for
producing b)untiful crops of any kind Of
grain or vegetables. Where q person has
only one or two milch cows, it will always
be profitable to scald the bran before feed
ing to the cows. Let few quarts he put
In a tub and boiling. hot water turned in
and mingled with it until the mass is as
thin as gruel then allow 1t to stand over.
night, or during the day, covered closely
A good COW, fed with such mess aud
prime hay, will roll out the rich milk al.
most as abundantly as if she were fed on
grass provided she have comfortable
shed, or stable, in cold weather.-HedIH
and HOlgg
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1869-01-15
The Language of Music.

THE following is a specimen, not only
of what might happen, but what, no
doubt, does happen very frequently In
many musical circulating libraries;
SCENE.--A shop You've MAN discsrsred
sorting Music behind q oouAter.
Enter You've LADY rihd rdl Qf Music.
Young La3y (Se0ly). Oh, I've come to
return Loves Whisper.'
Young Nan. Allow me TO offer you
"The heart how'd down" I'm sure il
win please you.
T. L. BE good enough 20 change .. The
heart how'd down for Happy Heart,
and then I'll take il l lefl it behind me
the last time / was here.
y " II l had known you had len il
behind you, / would have looked out
fhe Manly Heart 10 g. back with IT,
Shall send il by Parcels Delivery
l. H. Noi I'll take that and "The
Manly Heart home with me together,
Have yOh any thing else very pretty 10
tell me Off
! j. ~ docking over stock OF Music,