New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-07-08

cOuntrymen. He was believed to be very ambitious
and Jealous of the power and authority of Kossuth
and Dembinski, both of whom he deposed, thus
making himself in fact the Dictator OF Hungary
After his surrender tho other generals dsbanded
their troops, and all fled who could, among them
BEN, Dembinski, Kossuth, and Klapka while other
brave leaders some dozen or so, were shot at once
upon their surrender. Many OF inc estates OF the
rebels were cOniscated, and the Emperor to punish
the people more ehectuaY, annulled their eonstltu
ton.
In 1853 an attempt was made upon tho life of
the Emperor in the Hungarian capital, and
then commenced another period OF perseeu-
tiOn particularly of Jews and Professionals, impress
portunity offered for revolt. Austria was engaged
in great contest in Italy, and the Hungarian chiefs
-Kossuth, Count Teleky, and Klapka and others
sounded again the tocsn of war for another strife.
The treaty of Villa Franca by which peace was
made between the cOntending parties at once put
an end to all hopes of q successful rising of the
nation for freedom at this time and nothing was ac
cOmplished. The leading men of the kingdom
could do nothing now by arms, and resolved
IN intuTe TO GontepG n Peaee S hsoo way "
see the necessity of adopting some measures TO recon-
clle the Magyar people, and TO make one country OF
Hungary and Austria. So, in 1861, he suspended the
Constitution of Hungary. and thus attempted purely
out of good motiyesl TO make one nationality just
like the rest of the Empire. He honestly resolved
to give them the same rights and privileges as those
enjoyed by his other subjects An amnesty
granted to many of the leaders of the various reyou
TONS but all these efforts proved unayailng The.
Hungarans though willing to be under Austrian
rule, demanded a separate Diet and the browning of
the Emperors at Pesth. In 1896 the war between
Austria and Prussia broke out, and the Hungarians
again the Of revolt, but after his disas
irons defeat at Sadowa Francis Joseph soon made
peace, and thus the opportunity of another
rising was lost. The Teverses in Italy and
Germany had humbled the Emperor very much, and
taught him many lessons. Had Hungary been faith
ful and lOyal, he could have continued the war but
large army had TO be stationed there to keep her
from revolving which weakened and divided his
armies. He now determined TO call TO his councils
the able exMinister Of the State of SaXony, Baron
Won Beust, and now new and more liberal order oil
things was instituted. The demands OF hungary
for Constitution and a separate Diet were granted.
The Emperor was recrowned at the old palace III
Buda in great state thus becoming by this corona
ton, the Constitutional King OF Hungary / have
introduced this brief history OF the country to show
how great the contrast is between It's former and its
present condition.
Pesth, the capital, is now lively and increasing
very rapidly IN population It's trade is also greatly
the increase. For many years past the city Mt
a standstill, and was abOut dull a town as one
could well imagine. The old guide books, speaking
of the city, say " it was "a duh and unnylting place,
and it's great trade seemed to be IN the making and
vending of meerschaum pipes" Such an account
would not be very likely 20 tempt tourist To stop
long here. That was rather severe upon town
Boosting Of of the largest fouring-mills in the
world, and almost ranks ahead OF any other
European town as wheat market. Ten years
ago. the population of the city was abont
$4,000 aud now il is claimed to be
over 10000 Buda. on the opposite side Of the
Danube, had 5000, and now Is supposed TO have
from 40 900 To $1,000 One sees everywhere fine and
erected. The improvements Of late years, snch
the erection of the Casino. the new quay on the
Danube, the grand wire bridge across the river,
several large theaters, and magnificent hotels, all
bear evidence of great prosperity.
The National Diet was in session while was in the
city, but had adjourned for two or three days and rs
my stay was short did not have tho pleasure of
visit to IT, had letters 10 some Of the leading men
Of the country, aud offered iutroductiuns 10
others by some kind friends l had hoped
10 have a personal interview with kapkR
and Deak, but was not able 10 owing
to other engagements. found that
Gen Gorgcv the former Dictator and General IN the
famous revolution of 1875, was at home 80 sent
him my card and was granted an honTs interview
which was quite pleasant ana agreeable. lie Us now
director Of large coal COMPANY an3 uG ;1 no. ,io
Emperor and the administration ol auhiis hhd says
the Emperor is doing all he reasonably can 20
reconcile and satisfy the people. lie claims that me
Uuupariaus are IN the enjoyment Of equal rights
with other portions OF The Empire We IN TACT.
ho says. govern ourselves. We have orr own
Parliament make our own laws. and have Francis
Josrph who was crowned here, as our Sovereign.
He thought the Hungarians were IN the ENJOY ment
OF liberty as greatly as was ueAitc'i, iho
press free, and they had Just "a, much Heedn
of speech rs we enjoyed ~ the United states We
have lie SAYS, our free elections, ana We ought 10
Le satsGedo He doubted ii we had greater freedom
i'm the United States. lie said the opponents TO the
nresept system were not numerous. Hungary, he
coutended could not exist rs AN independent nat0n
It must either be Russian or Austrian lie ana tie
people Of the country universally preferred INC ruio
Of the latter The period at present seemed 10 DC 10
mite peoples Of one language ana race uh1er one
great nationality, and be alluded 70 tne atc 1eThal
Syar as an example Even in the United States"
he said You would not tolerate the division OF the
country into two states or RepubIGs' llaly was
now, one kingdom instead Of dozen duclles rs lor-
merIy Hungary could not be nation 10y itself, Tor
the time had gone by. 81,
He Thought the safety and liberty OF country
rested greatly upon the intelligence OF ITS cltztIs
Great prOUess, he said, was being maze NJ inc
present limo in this respect IN hungary, put HuCn
remained 10 be done Ia some poIuVhS 9l tno opnl
laF0
many of them nonresident or visiting them rarely
I'm such neighborhOods there were many poor peas
ants without an acre oil iand' many WIN I - i',,-
lies and having but little means 10 support tIcm'
Such were unable 10 attend any schools even II theIo
were any in their vicinity, of which there are Dut
few IL is fact also, that the Government untll Oh
late has done but niue lh INC way vi Pu''0 '"N
ton of the people. -, -, 4. or
civil war with which he seemed familiar. ne was
c,,rons 10 know what would be the result OF giving
the ballot in his present Ignorant STATE lo INC ceI
i'm the Southern States. lie expressed great hopes on
the future success of the model Republic Oh tlo
world Some question called forth an inquiry as 70
our feelings in their Revolution IN az anu ~ itc
told us Of the former denuncatOn OF hlusel ny nIS
avn neople for his course during that period anu
that he had been branded ms traitor ana as having
sold his country to Russia. lie told us no eouiu
have held out some weeks, perhaps 9ohths LONGER IN
hia struggle with his small army OF paulos; uut W
the end they would have been OYerpOwereu iy lne
numerous and well-dTled veteran armies OF hustia
and Russia. judged from his conversation , .ao no
MAYER really favored total separation OF hungary
from Austria but that he only fought Tor those
rights 10 which his country was justly entltlsu. =
remember well that az the time ne was charged WIN
harboring such sentiments. This was IN part true
and such opinions then were very unpopular III Jun
gary. Now" he says we nave ail oS iane5'b Nc
desire and attained. too, without revolution. Tup-
lie oninion within the last few years has greatly
changed in his favor 1t is only necessary to recall
render of his army to counterfeit any opinion OF
traitorous conduct. lie shut mp for long Tune
i'm q gloomy Austrian prison. was condemned 70 ueatn
- S.h.I and only bv the active intcTpOSitlOn