davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07
CULPErER FEMALE INSTITUTE.


CULPEPER C. H., VA.
IglE exercises OF this School will bs
resumed ON the first Monday Santem-
1863. - 10y -A"' 81 oHhs
FIRMS PER SESSION OF TEN MONTHS:
Elementary e1,eI English, $50 90
hangnages, Ancient and Modern (each) 20 20 90
Music on Piano, AZ n0a
DTaWing, Painting on Canvass, Grecian, ORR
entail, at Pr. lfcssors prices
Eoard, including fuel. LIGHTS and
washing per month 2Of0
All charges payable one-haifat tho Begin
OF February, 1859. S'
Inc services of Mr.. j. Porter, an experi-
eneed Artist, nave been secured for the Or
namental DEPARTMENT.
Inc fiincip pal having had considerable ex-
Peleuce III conducting Seminaries OF high
grade II warranted thereby in the convfc
tion Of his ability to give satisfaction. Feel
tthk individually responsible for the inst,l1c-
Ton OF those committed to his charge. he de-
slrss 10 assure all who are disposed 10 nat
rome the school, that none but c0r,1nefnt
ana experienced teachers viii be empioved.
.lth tlat every department, both OF instiuc-
{ .H,- ,tnd government, viii be under his su-
hefYis On. &c is his desire and tieterf.3frt-
- y - :. axe the Institution frg5 cffss Fe-
% e Seminary, and he respectfully soliefts
'4sS patronage ana co-Openatiofio OF tile frfsnd a
% ~ ucation in this community in securino
TINS result. Address,
n. PENTCK. PrincinoI
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07
SlLVERWARE.
REPAIRING AND ENGRAVING.

=, Watches, Clocks and Jewelry repaired in
me best manner, and warranted. Large
pam Goiu hlngs, Silver and Plated-Wure
= orders from the country and the adjacent
Counties viii receive prompt attention'
sore hoon on Main Street, Cul pepper. Va.
May % lS08-1y. -
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

We have also established q Blacksmith
shop aud are prepared TO do all work IN that
line, such as Machinery and Steam Engines.
Goods and work all warranted. All orders
will receive drompt attention.
Noyem Der ~ 1867
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

l. "A. Western journal tells us that n
whole herd of office-beggars have re-
turned from Washington with faces as
long as hogs shouts. One of them
swore that Johnson,s administration
could yet be considered respectable in
comparison with Grants
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

\ WOULD respectfully inform my
= friends and the cftisens OF Orange and the
edjolnlng Counties, that have inst re-
rate in part.
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

"A traveller down in Jersey, rid
ing past one of the 'sand barrens" re-
marked, 'sWhat poor euss the fellow
must be who owns this farml" ssNot as
poor rs You think" cried the owner,
rising up from behind fence, 81 only
own half of it :"
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

A boy was recently excused from
school to attend funeral, but truaat
officer found him soon after, witnessing
game of base ball, and asked him why
h, did not go to the funeral. With the
utmost GOODNESS the youngster replied:
~ went down to the house to attend it,,
but the man ist't dead yet!''
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07
news FoR TGsE PUBlTC.

December II ises.-ly
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

the ''noddy" thing. The more hideous
the design the more fashionable. The
most stalking" design are the skull and
cross-bones, shrimp, and horse shoe.
As for size, a. ything under that of a
dinner plate, is fashionable.
The native Virginian. [volume] (Orange Court House, Va.) 1867-187?, 1869-05-07

- Two scavergers were quarreling
as to their respective working abilities,
when one, meaning to silence his mate
said, swell. Bill, you can sweep the
middle of the street, but you can't do
an ornamental piece of work, sweep
ing round a lamp-post!"
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
The Erie Railroad Disaster.

From the New York Herald, July 10th.
The long, dismal and bloody catalogue
of disasters that mark the history of the
Erie Railroad is made again to bear an
other burden of human slaughter, in
the record of one of the most unmitiga-
ted railroad murders the public has
heard of for some time. AT midnight
of Wednesday over dozen human
beings were rushed headlong into eterni-
ty through the awful living portals Of
fire, at a place called Mast Hope, twenty
eight miles west of Port Jervis, on the
Erie Railroad, by the downright care
lessness of the engineer in charge of a
freight train, against which the mail
express from New York at haif-past =
p. in. came in collision. The facts, in Il
few sentences, are these: The freight
train backed on switch at Main Hope
depot, to get out of the way of the pas
senger train, but failed to get out fast
enough or far enough to avoid being
struck by the passenger train, for which
the track should have been always kept
clear. The engineer of the freight train
was, of course, responsible. 1t is gen
orally stated that he was asleep at the
| time. A terrific collision occurred, three
or four ears were burned. and in the
! laconic despatch Of the Associated Press,
furnished by the railroad authorities,
'some emigrants in the smoking ear,
some five or six in number, were
burned"
AS usual, there was little thought OF
danger or of what lay in store for them
some one hundred miles ahead Oh the
Erie tack, among the large and lively
load Of passengers that left the long
dock, at Jersey City; at a quarter to
o'clock Wednesday evening. The train
was full one, consisting, with locomo
tive and tender. of a mail and baggage
car, smoking car, two day and foul
sleeping coaches-nine cars in all, car
rying nearly 400 passengers. Perhap,
not one in all that large number of rOy
aqeurs recurred at the moment of start
ing to Carr's Rock, Miltown, the gorge
at Elmira, or any Of the other bloody
landmarks thickly strewn along this
modern Golgotha. Not one, to all ap
pearances, and least of all the amiable
learned and ever-genial gentleman, Re'
r. B. HallOck, of No. 329 East -Four
teanth street, who in few short hours
thereafter was transformed from flesl
and consciousness into black AM
burnt mass of lifeless bones. In the for
ward pare of the smoking car over
score Of emigrants seated themselves, ii
the latter part of the evening, after mos
of those gentlemen who had sleepin
berths retired for the night and ,hre,
their cigar stumps away. Several of til
emigrants INDUCED themselves in shor
clay pipes, while others threw them
selves into an attitude OF sleep, an
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
What COlfax Saws of Grant.


In speech Mt Providence the Vice
President gave expression To the 1ol-
lowing:
"Aithough I shall not transgress the
bounds and speak in regard to ANY
mere partisan Issue o: the day, | rejoice
with you that you have an Aumini.trA.
ton in power ut Washington, and |
allude now to our President applause
which is faithful to this country. 1
pass by those petty chickering's about
the distribution OF patronage, with the
single remark that If he had been in
spired he could not have satisfied the
one tenth OF those Who desired to serve
the public in its offices OF honor or OF
profit. Loud applause That i, but
"A single ripple upon the wave; Tor when
you look at the Administration that Is
given you. you find already SHINING
out upon it, IN letters of glittering light,
that word which you have lonGed to >et
in high places at Washinglon-that
word that goes to your heart-and that
is honesty, which is the corner stone
upon which the policy OF the Admlnis-
tralion is securely grounded. Ap
plausc. You know whether The Presl-
dent has made thi. man Postmaster, or
that man Collector, or whether he has
distributed this vast patronage just
exactly ~ you, or /, or anybody else
would have desired to have it dIsiribut-
ed. you know that in that heart which
beats in his bosom there is 40 thought
except for the country. [Applause.
Aud you know besides that you can see
written upon the portals al the White
House that other word which you have
longedtor in years past I" See, ana that
is, economy in the publ C service. Ap.
pIauoe. You know that every eApen
diture Is being cut down winch can be
consistently To the public service; thai
| in every possible way the burdens upon
| can he consistently, with our public
credit in the payment of our publ,
! debt, as the party that governs tins
/ country intends it shall be paid to the
uttermust dollar. AppIau-e. Auc
you know besides, that hereafter, il
! shall not he as in recent year, past, thai
the honest tax payer shall be compelled
to bear his own burdens and the burden
of dishonest parties.
Nor is this all: Standing AS we dt
among the nations of the world, emerS
/ ing from our recent crisis, III which w
had t. fight not only the Rebellion
with its puwer, but To endure the frowI
of almost the entire civilized world he
side-for the monarchial nations locke,
at this republic as Il standing protes
against their form of government, an'
would rejoice to see it crumbie tc ruli
you know to-day, that your President
in speaking for you and your behalf, t
the other nations of the world, speak
with no uncertai" voice, but with a
emphasis that demands and receives Il
spect.' Great applause.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29

| became rich, but didn't know wheth-
er you were alive or dead. I'm awful
glad to see you. I'll make that promise
good now. Here
And the grateful Snowman pulled
forth card and wrote upon it. "There,' y
said he, take that, and bring your old
woman, too, and all your family. |
tell you, I'll never forget what you did
for me!'
Mr.. took the card. The words
upon it were Life Pass. Admit Mr.
-, and family in my show wherev-
er 1t may be, as long rs | have a show!'
That was the "handsome present.
that Dan gave his old protector when
in trouble twenty years ago. Consider
ing the fact that Dan Is on his farewell
tour as clown-having vowed to his
wife that he will abandon the business
forever after this season-his expression
Of gratitude was n very cool one, aud
wonderfully cheap.-The recipient II
this splendid testimonial il u well
known and respected citizen of Moline.
As Dan was SO near him he thought he
would test his memory and. for curiosi-
ty's sake. see what Dams idea of u
"handsome present was. His curiosity
was satisfied.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
The Will to be Trained not Broken

Men ofte n speak of breaking the will
of Il child; but it seems to me they had
better break the neck. The will needs
regulation, not destroying. l should -
soon think of breaking the legs OF .
horse in training him, as Il child's will.
| would discipline and develop 1t into
harmonious proportions. l never yet
heard of u will in itself too strong, more
than OF an arm too mighty, or mind
too comprehensive in its grasp, too
powerful in its hold. The Instructions
of children should be such as to ami
mate, inspire and train. but not to hew,
cut and carve; for would always treat
child as II live tree, which WAS to be
helped to grow-never rs dry dead TIM
ter, to be carved into this or that shape.
and to have certain mouldings groOved
upon it. \ live tree. and not dead tim
Der, is every little child.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29

"A lady arrived in San Francisco on
the 18th nit, who carried through hO-
auet of flowers from New York City,
The editor of one of the San Francisco
papers says: 'One little pink, that
sends its intoxicating odor over the page
on which these words are written, has
the potency of "A fairy wand. Three
ho n miles OF space and long weeks
or months of dangerous travel through
IA savage country, vanish before it. It
realizes the dream of twenty years
The garden pink OF Manhattan kisses
the field poppy of Ierba Buena."
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
A Strange Incident.

"rruth is stranger than tiction' it has
often been said, and the following Incl
dent, for the truth of which We can
v-uch. is another illustration Of the
truth OF the saying:
Yesterday as our newly appointed
Register ofthe Land Office here, Mr.
Maxwell, Colonel of the lat Michigan
cavalry during the war. was hu>ily en-
gagged in his office, IA tall, military look
ing gentleman walked in, whom hs
Instantly recognized rs Mr.. Henry Lee
nephew of General Robert +. Lee, and
Colonel of the lst Virginia cavalry
during the rebellion. The recognition,
was mutual, and called up bitter and
painful "reminiscences OF events that oc'
Cured during the terrible conflicts
between the armies of the North, and
the southern Confederacy. 1t appears
that during the rebellion the lst Nir-
ginia aud the lst Michigan cavalry
happened to he arraNed each against
the other, and the feeling of animosity
between the two regiments WAS ~ bit
ter as that entertained towards each
other 10y two single persons who are
deadly enemies. At the famous battle
of Gettysburg the two regiments fought
face to face, each learning to respect
and hate the other for the blows given
aud the courage displayed. Between
Colonel- Maxwell and Lee. the leaders
ofth two regiments, the hate enter.
tanned by the respective members oI
each regiment seemed 10 concentrate.
and when the contendiug armies were
engaged on James river, the two Colo
nels met face 10 face, aud there ore 81
fight it out in personal conflict. The
resolve was no sooner formed thsn exc
cuttd, and u determined and deadly
conflict Immediately ensued, the tive
regiments, for the time, being merely
spectators. The result was that Max
well received sword thrust in tn.
groin aud Lee had his shoulder disu
bied.
Since that day up to yesterday we
suppose the two men have never met
and it may well be supposed that tn.
meeting was strange one and that
singular feelings were evoked on the
occasion. They both bear the inet'aeea
BILE marks of hard service; Colonel
Maxwell has lost one leg md has su--
tained other serious physical injuries
while the left arm of Colonel Lee is dis
abled by the wound received in his
conflict with Colonel Maxwell. .- DeSerc
Ctdh) NcTs.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
Cool Gratitude.

From the Davenport Gazette July Il.
Eighteen or twenty years ago, Dan
Rice, the famous clown, came to DaVeu-
port with IA show. He exhibited in the
afternoon before Il not very large audi
ence, and by evening was in peck OF
trouble on account OF inability to pay
his bills. \ constahl' got after Dan,
and he put for the ferry. The captain
of the boat appreciated the situation,
ana feeling sympathy for Dan, lIi'ile-
diately swung his craft away from
shore, and put for the other side, leav-
ing the constable swearing mad on the
edge OF the river.
That night Dan hastily advertised an
impromptu show in Rock Island,
which didn't come off, for Dan was
obliged to leave that town also in IA hur-
nv. He fled to the ferry boat again, and
again the captain be!riended him-ieav'
ing the shore just in time to save Dan
from the clutches of IA constable. The
Snowman came to this side, but the
officer who had given him rum to the
ferry, was not expecting him, ana so ne
passed through the town and avoided
the meshes of the law. But he prom
ised the ferry captain that he woulo
send him handsome present 50 soor
as he could make a little money.
! Well, on Wednesday last,-in Rocl
Island, the doughty Snowman wa:
/ standing near his ticket office, when al
elderly gentleman walked up and ac
costed him:
! Hello, Dan Rice, you forgot abou
/ that little present you promised M
twenty years ago, when helped yo'
out of a couple of scrapes in Rock lslan
and Davenport!'
! Dan looked at the man moment ant
then remembered the face
Lord bless you; is that you, MI
-. No, sir, havn't forgotten tn
obligations am under TO you. Though
of your kindness thousand times sin 6
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
Farm for Sale.

4 good improved farm of l20 Acres. situated
me mile east of Upton. on the north side of
he township line road running east from
own. A comfortable house of four rooms Is
lpou the premises; also, Iowa stable, corn
cribs, two wells, &c. The above described
property will be sold upon liberal terms. For
,rther particulars enquire of the subscriber.
6ml ALVIN THAYER.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29

a young man at Port Clinton, Ohio.
lately sustained n terrible loss In the
following document, duly signed by ono
of the bellies If the village. The fellow
wants to know if the thing Is negotia-
BILE.
PORT CLINTON, May 3Oth.
"Due--, or bearer, one hundred
and nineteen kisses, payable on Do
ma.d- IA
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
HUNTOON'S
HAIR RESTORATIVE
Is q Wonder OF the World!

and stands above comparison with any other article
for the Hair ever brought before the public.
PRI CE, $1.OO-
For sale by WE.STCOTT & KIRK, Tipton nlly
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
BRIDE AND BRIDEGROOM.

Essays for Young Men on the interesting rela
tion of Brde;roo To Bride in the institution of Mar
riage-a Guide to matrimonial felicity and true hap
pneSs by mail in sealed letter elopes free
charge. Address, HOWARD ASSOCIATION, Box
Philadelphia, Pa. MY
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29

Sin is bad in the eye, worse in the
tongue, worse still in the heart, but
worst of all in the life.
A sharp tongue is the only edged tool
that RroHs keener with constant use.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
,IMPSON & WEBSTER,
Manufacturers of
Marble Monuments.
Tomb and Head Stones.
MESCAIIN 10 WA

MUSCA TINE, 10 VA.
Keep on hand n large stock of marble, from
which we will manufacture Monuments, cab
lets and Hcadstoncs to suit the wants o. our
customers and as cheap as the cheapest All
orders promptly filled, delivered and set p in
any part of the county. Especial atte..tiOn
paid to getting up new designs. n25y
W. H. SIMPSON W. W. WEBSTER.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
PIANOS.
Organs and MelOdeOnS

1IAvING obtained the agency for most OF
the first-class Instruments, am prepared
to offer greater Inducements to the musical
people Of Cedar county than has heretofore
been offered. For Pianos, sell
STEINWAY'S.
CHICKERING 4 SONS,
Ga NEW YORK UNION, &C:
Geo. Il. Prince 4 Co.'S and Mason d:
Han.lin's Organs and Melodeons,
and others If they are desired. l mention the
above kinds as the best In the market, and
every instrument will be fully warranted.
Please call and examine my prices before
purchasing elsewhere. SHEET MUSIC furn-
fshed at reduction on publishers prices.
To the hove list Of instruments have late-
ly added the STAR ORGAN and MELODEON,
which. for beauty and purity of tone, surpass-
es any thing in the west. A sample can he seen
at any time by calling Mt my house.
Always to be found at A. p. Gilbert 4 Cos
shoe store. ~
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
WIN. w. ALLEN,

DEAL ESTATE AGENT, CDNNEYANCER
IL and Notary Public, will attend promptly
to all business entrusted to his care. Business
Rooms and Town Lots for sale.
Office in the post Office, STANW0OO, Iowa. lG
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
IN STANwOOD.

NOTICE il hereby given to the public gene
~ rally, that the undersigned tIlaring NOV
ed to and taken up his residence in the Town
Of Stanwood), will be found always on hand
there to attend to any business connected with
lots In said Town.
W. G. MAIY,
One OF the Proprietors of said Town.
STANwooD. April 2Gth, 1862 3ml7
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
II. D. BROWN,
II UNDERTAKER, TIPTON, IOWA
COFFINS:

Assorted sizes, kept constantly on hand, and
furnished on short notice, with Hearse when
required. 5lyl
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29

# FRANK MERRIAM, PROPRIETOR.
In the rear Of the Union Hotel, Upton,
81. IO,ud.
Carriages, Buggies & Saddle Horses
To let at all times and at reasonable prices.
Careful and experienced drivers furnished
when desired. lltf
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29

4 UCTIONEER. Will attend promptly t.
n selling all kinds of property at Auction
in any part of Cedar county. \ list of his sales
will always be found at the TIpToN ADVERT
SER Office, where thos. desiring his services
can fix the day for their sale without seein;
hm. Al
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
KISER HOUSE,

tfOKMEEf4y known the Aldrich House
T. Gro. W. kIsEi,. Proprietor, Upton, Cedar
county, Iowa. This House has been return
ished and Is kept in first-class style. nl6y
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1869-07-29
PENNSYLVANIA HOUSE,

DY Mrs. MARY PALMER. two squares
ID southeast ofthe Court House. TIrToN, Iowa
Good rooms well furnished and the best ac-
comm otlations for boarders or transient GUS
tom. Good stabling on the premises. nl2
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1869-08-24

va
From Dir. j. I. TSFRFII, Warren, Inl., March
is56.-I ain engaged in the practice oil medicine,
and find your Garslng Oh an extremely oiiicie.
remedy in eli cases where AZ ezterna! application
Is indicated
From DR @. 3. NEAL, BuIgis, Iowa, Dec. q, 1881
y have praciiced medicine in this county seven
years aud Cheeifully recommend your Gargling Oil
is the best liuaU.nt i'll uEc.
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1869-08-24
81 -


Extract from a ctte. from Hon NATHAN IyDaEY,
County judge Of Shelby Co.. Iowa dated Harlan
April u. 1867 1t is decidedly preferred TO any lin.
anlent sold in this sectlcn.
Extract OF letter from SAMUEL $. EUrp, dated
Fallsburg Ohio, July H. lSGB--In June last Henry
shsllio had ling colt that had what was sup
posed to bo Dyp;horia for NOR, than ten days SO
that II could not eat ani the throat swollen almost
shut. and the use Of three or four applications Of
the dollar bottles did the desired eiecf.
F,om A. q. MEL, Louisville, Cos hoctcn Co, o.,
March. 1851 have used your Gargiing Oil for the
scra'che. on my horse, and /. cured it with the frst
application.
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1869-08-24

Mos5rs Nolan y BIOS, Wholesale Drugris.s
Wheeling Va. say, under tc OF July %, I8.G,
that they can safely rocommoud the Nargrna Uil
FOR moi diseases than it l.. recommended for.
From j. X FISHER, Ununtowu Pa. June 81,
is67.-Your Gargiug OIL is doing much better hero
than formerly, since ils virrues have become known.
and tho blttles put mp FOR Family Tee, without
etain, a.c uucl sought FOX.
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1869-08-24

From DR.. r. " Ellis, Ca Jan 6, 1859 Ii
cOa.d receive both boxes OF he Gargins oil 1t will
not hc too much, % ! thi.l; could soon tHi sale
for ii ALL the inquiry being frequent since il is sup
posed that ave IL fcr sale.
From DR. WM. 5. MCCALL, ChamOis, No, Nov 6,
loj3-iCur Gargiiug oil is taking the shine on from
all the ln.menis Of the day. If YOU desire! them,
l could procure dozens cf certificates from those
who have been cured by IL.
The Petroleum Centre daily record. [volume] (Petroleum Center, Pa.) 1868-1873, 1869-08-24
"r7

u. D. TAYIoR, OF Concord Ky., says the Gare'inl.
Oil cured horse ot his, ipiir.d while porghiag by
attempting 10 step stump, almost stycrng his
agn rom r sne body a9o mat ne las used 1t IN pr
Cuts, Burns. Bruises, Frost Bites, Strains, Rheum-
stisn, etc, he ever use1.