, 1869-03-22

IYe'ROt6 4luLu AuA&1O ~ 0aoAAJ AtoAA@
800 ton TO &t8. The cot OF transport
ipr corn over ordinary roads il 20 cents
oer ton per mile, cquA 10 IS cents 4
bushe, for l25 miles, Upon railroad the
!. ccss Ia ono and quarter cents per tor
per mile; consequently The circle within
which the corn will h4ve marketable
value will have q radius OF 1909 miles.
The tonnage transported on tho rail-
roads Of tho United States In 1857, equal
lcd "a, ,o00,00O tons, having yalun OF
SlO,472,250,0oo-cqual to i've times the
LA'ional debt This has Increased aunu.
ally during the last tsn years at the rate
Il S7s5,41e,7 $50. The tonnage in 1857 Of
eight lines entering Chicago was8, ,2e7 ,53l
tons Of mctchand'ae, The grant OF land
to aid IL the construction OF the Illinois
Central Railway Is defended IS measure
resulting In great national benedss, lead
ing to .he development Of the Norshwcs,,
but The policy Of making such tndiscrlut-
nate grants hereafter is condemned. Mr..
E. B. Washburne Il said to hAve dsa ted
tha' 185. .000, 600 ut acres Of public land
have been granted to railroads worth, a.
the minimum price, $780, roo. 600. The
Eut6tctes granted to tbs Pacific Rail-
ways already amount 10 $45, 100000, and
bills arc now before Congress proposing
tacittoual subsidies to the amount o.
$200, ,0o0, 900. Tbe report asserts thAt II
the government had built all the railro ads
Tor which subsidies IN land and money
have been of may be gran ed, the money
realized from the land re aimed would
have been more than sufficient to build
all tbs roads and run them forever.
L. Is recommended that future grants be
conflucd 10 Il percenag OF the incre ased
proceeds CT the sale OF the a5jaccn. lands
and that like sun be expendsd in sub
sid'zing ocean steamship navigation.
But it Is not believed that our foreign
commerce can be rea'ored by boun1ica
as ltDg as the policy is retalz eli Of pro-
hitting a ftce Exchange Of our commodi.
tics add manufactures for those produced
In othtr countries.
The supposed case OF Massachusetts AZ
separate nation ia used to illustrate The
theory OF q protective tariff. The Co n
morwesitb. II 1t adopted that policy,
weu'd have to protect It's farmers by i'm.
posing heavy July on tho wheat Of the
Genescr Valley and the beet cattle Of ths
Wts', just as the nation Ia protected
sRstnas the whea'. barley and potasoes 0!
Canada. Next, the peat boga should be
protected against The anthracite of Penn.
sy!vauia, as .hc nation is against the
cheap coal Of Nova Scotia. Tne wool Of
OHIO sbonld be excluded from connect.
ton with the expensive article raised
In Massachusetts, and tho voollcn
fabrics Of England. for Tho same reason,
sfould bc excluded. Her railroads should
to built Of Massachusetts iron, anl from
her own Iron and oak sh ,uld be built
her steamers 10 carry to tho pauner
lsberer OF England the story Of her
greatness. The report adds:
Thus fred. indrptndcn: aud proud, Mas,atnu.
tettn " u!d have ltood forth ~ 4. n1&np!e among
staies. Her government would havc p1p,ec. Cd
.,oet @ aro h, ios,sd a. hs,scausetts industry C.n
ttoled the scass
"Woa'd ehe not have established her ,udepepd.
entc ana rroEcttd hsT people from tee cQnapett-
tlen Q! fno1ant and rauper labo.tsaf Woula not
fef farmers, her mechanics, hcs spinners, and
Hhastcn have earned high wages, and would not
ut lower '4tes OF Interest than In any other conn.
ty' "onld not our capital hare n:nn rapre.
sse WEE tes sate oa 1p0n ,1e
pesmn 70 become 50 scarce a. to command
nen!1oos intcteetf
'.lt Will be ESD. and truly said. tast the tnde.
peIdtnce they secured wou'd hire been th,t q,
starvation; that no toum-r rec worthy Of Tho
name could h.ve existed, and that no tubeidy
u. MY 90 b ! lad: 4 Z: .s 1ru.y, thu. cur com
nerce ras been starved from tnc ecIs bec4asc On,
la.s tare exe:ae ed from our ports the me1ehtn.
hss been possible 10 do So"
Interstate free trade alone has saved
Massachusetts, from the dlsas!cra which
the lava regulating our foreign trade
would have brought upon her. The re-
port does not recommend special boun-
Lies or artificial aids to any industry, bul
says:
:" Rather would ve urge upon Congress cor
| plsie ses'tton OF the Ism for the Collection 0
tneh teztaicn be n.ue VITA a view to fhf foVec
hot Of rtc<nat oHtr. aud wtthon, regard to ID,
Sa1 an. q any .pesls interest for foeenre care
xtuon 10 smother. md TINT II Is .no: tho pro1inc
g Etvtsrnent 10 lay taxcs which cnure to III
ether. ~
"When suth revtslon ensll have been rasa
! aEd new lAwa enacted. and when II shall no Iot
EtF be dcntst that foreign commerce bcpc1i
tutttlses hs much as those frum whom We bu
eid with whom We make exchanges, then VI
coDnetce Demand that Etesm hips be co.'s stFpcte
| aLu NEE ESTABLISHED. and then no sob.idY will
Nked btauso r0 lack Of rroat eau then b
uiEtd upon which an alleged need can be baecd.
| Thus both reports agree in pronout
eng protection plunder, and both