, 1869-08-03
SAN FRANCISCO.
Population, Commerce and Stu
alton.
The Golden Gate.
The Trade Of the WeSt--WhO Shall
Have IT.
Expense Of Living in San Fran
cisco.
The Currency-Ques1Iou.

1Ac CuTTencT-Nku
CurTespondenee of The Chicago 1Iibstna,
BAK FRANCISCO, July Is 15a9.
San Francisco contains Jest about oue-half the
population Of Chicago, and derives its support
from a. large IN area Of country. but from far
smaller number OF people The whole number Of
inhAbitants Of the "pacinc slope" does not exceed
million, and this estimate iucludcs Utah to the
East Columbia and Lower California to the north
and south.
The commerce Of San Francisco Is more cosmo-
poltAn than that Of Chicago It commands the
trste Of the whole west coast Of North America
from the 1sshnus to Behring's Straits, TO greater
relative degree than New York commands the
Trade Of the Atlantic coast. 1t looka out on the
mighty Pacific to the Oriental cliues- China and
Japan stand before It as Europe and Great
Britain DO before New York. II has q
greater trade With Asia now than New York
Ind With Europe at the beginning OF the century.
San Francisco Ia the New York OF the Pacific, IN
every respect, md "a destined for nli time 10 come
to don:neer over all rival cities on tue Pacific
cna4t, as New York does now ever those on the
Atlantic. In Oregon, on the Columbia RIVER, the
Northern Pacific hallway Will build up city that
may soaa day have The relative, standing Anl iu-
pouauce Of Boston; and the Southern Pacific
may be the mems Of founding citY at Sa1 UteZo
lhat will be 10 San francisco what Baltimore Is to
New York. hut here, on this bsy natute mad man
have combined TO create the New YORK OF the Pa.
C1uc- All Investigations md reflections cad IN
that conclusion. The tnJ OF San Francisco Is,
perhaps, tho nnest and largest hnroor In the
world. Nothing can surpass the Golden Gate
which leads Into It IN picturesque beauty. 1t Is 3
ssraght cleft through the coast range Of mountains,
which "a depressed here to 3 few hundred feet IN
height This ocean gate leads into a sheet OF
wnter Which extends to the right md left Of the
entrance . dstance Of twenty utles 10 tbs aouth.
and thirty 10 the northeast, with @ width varying
from sl1 10 twelve miles. Ships Q! the deepest
draughs can 60 up the northern arm Of this bay to
Vallejo, Distance OF Thirty nllcs, where IA located
the United States Nary Yard for this coast AIT
the nayies In the world could nnd aaft anchorage
In San Francisco ua1bor. The Great EASTERN,
Laden TO the guards, could pass through the
"gate,r or ride ut auchor tu front OF this city.
And the merchants here arc talking Of employing
her ere long to stretch telegraph cable 10 Japau
ria the Sandwich Islands
The city Of San francltco is built on tho west
aide Of the peninsula which Is formed by the occnu
Oh tic west and tho southern arm Of the bay on
the cast, md terminated by tho " Golnen Gate"
on the north. The major portion OF this peninsula
IL occupied by the coast range, ant ieayes for the
c,ty oAl} q uarrow strip along tue hay which has
been materially Wldencd by throwing the sand
hiA, tch occupied It's si.c. into tho bay, md cx
seIdluR the gtrcets over this male ground This
cItcnsion IN kome places exceeds mile. was
shown tho place ~hcTu the old s.llp Mantle,
OF 100 tons, waa benche'l sixteen 5ents
ngo, and subsequently used ~ u boarding
md lodging house, aud the spot where
her bones reposc Ia more than mile from tho
uearcgt wharf. Whcn the sandhllls arr exhausted
for Bling tho mOuntaIn Itself IL attackcd+ and The
hard rock blasted TO lsugrncab md tuInblcd tnto
the nAy TO make space fur warehouses aud new
strcetA.
On the opposi,c side OF tho bay from San Frau
cisco ia broad plain, slonpg up to the soothilla
OF mountain rnugr, Oh which IL Fpfcst the tcau-
ittul city of Oakland, contlu1ng lDoJO inhnbitaata
1t Ia here the Pacific Railroad IL TO terminate.
THIS physical conformation o! California Ia such
thnt nearly all Of 1t must lrado With and pay trbuto
10 San Francisco. Let tie realer examine the
map, Rnd he will perceive that the Sacramento
River, rising away up north, near the Oregon ltnc,
nows toulh to Sacramento CITY, and then. turning
Euddeu1y vest pouEs 3taelf into the han Francisco
Bay: and that tha San Joachim River, comneno-
ing 300 miles aouth, n01H norm and enters the
same bay. The valleys OF these rivers aEe bounded
on the east for more than 100 miles,
by the sierra Nevada range, and on the 1cst By
the coast tangts- To obtain an exit 10 the oceau
IRON these valleys, Is necessary to follow their
wntets to the San Francisco Bay, and that leads
to Sun Francisco city and the Golden Gate. As
al roads In the old Roman Empire led TO Rome,
so In California all navigable streams, trails
wagon and railroads lead TO San Francisco When
the southern Pnc16c Railroad gels past the Sierra
Nerada Mountains at the mouth Of the Colorado
Rtyer. q branch of It will project to San Diego.
But no one doubts that the matn trunk, keeping
inside Of the coaat range, Will come TO this city to
nnd It's proper and profitable terminus. And q
brunch from the Northern Pacific Road will
doubtless b& extended hlther down the sactn.
mento River. So ron sec that on this coast all
rnaos lead TO Sau Francisco.
The Astetic trade naturally and ineFttaoly con-
centrates here. and here vii. nnd tho eulnants
1Yom Ch,nu and 1ansn. ua on1r eighteen dRys
strarntnp 10 Yokohama, and tyeuty-six aays TO
chan,haf and esz than twIce that t,r,o for sailtue
ou.+>e,. Th. s,rdvirh ,Elsnas are bnt a week
sIa,sn. hv eteann, and ,hcir trnde IL nearly mo-
roro1,zai hv ,nis CITY 1ut IT ia needless 10 mu,.
,,niv o,,,. n vecoT m me farnrah]c location of
~ r-snr,seo ~ as,.,n and Californian com.
1nsrr. 1or ,tq nosl,,on and natural advantages, arc
obvious 10 he naked ere; ssn Francisco has 60
comnet,tor she need eyer fcar on the Western
ahorre NJ An.rc. But IL she enusl}y SECURE
ncntnst cornpet,uou from the East Can she hold
ali tna trade th,s aide Of the Ser7a Eeyadas a.
be,rtos,ra. ian che monopo1ize the tra1e OF
Nevada. Arizona Utah and Oreaou As here
toforn. Her business men and bankers
haze extended TO the commercial dele
rntes OF Chicago, WARN, hearty
md generous Welcome But they z1e altogether
too sharp and clear, sighted not 70 perceive that
the completion Of the Genital Pacific hallway has
brought into the deld competitor worthy Of
their best Efforts; q competitor composed Of
trade.1 as bold and enterpr1sug Is themselves
Chicago now for the H1at up1e, appears In the
foreground 10 dispute with San Francisco for the
uadc Of the vast mineral regtoua Of the Rocky
Mountains- Tne struggle has already begun
Chicago merchants are dil.nX heavy ordess for
Ttah. and have nearly drren the San Francisco
rade1s out Of NonsAna and 1daho, and entirely
out OF Colorado and Wyoming, and they are push
ing their ouspoxts into the wonderful srgenuerous
White Pine REGION
1t U, after ali, q question Of p11ce currents aud
treghts 1t Ia 70 the interest OF both cities that
.alwnY trelShts eh1u be low. Before the
Pacific Railway Was built gooAs were
conTcyed by wagon. tnd tho advantage OF distance
vas 80 crest In behalf OF San Francisco that she
had thing her Own #ayi but that day ls past,
,f~,c,,yorA +ha r,erehan,s n, tht, cty eould sa1a
II charge whssever nrntta On merchandise they
r,c,aea. ,nd rim b,ntcrz eonld cract what
80. -.as ~ ,,,o-a.t ~, d,sronnt on ht,ls of ex
sno,rs .ho1 No. ~. ,ona,..nr. n drnnnd. md
80 ,ss,a~ ~, aao,o-s IN ,old dn,t .nd s,tycr
80 .n.s ~. +h,o th.,- ra,no. thc
.at. pa.a !4e.u .sa .s 80 ,aa-,s,s.. .nS cnm.
lis1su. A.o - -. .~as. .-s..r-. .1a
n'un e1.iE4s =. faoosuee'4 $780, ,,,ss ~.
le'less, eaaieea Pss'.t ncsu wun. ."s Cs n ~ ~
taell tet' HeA hus 'nc ta4oa11 A0r S",.se .so
e"f,os 1aese a'stiaou1 e1eeAse 80. oaa as.n..rs
9esae!sr common eutleta a.o nou H1.S - ~,
must nefea1lel content themselves "1h ~ enaa
p1onts a. 'neif tAstctn eo,n!ea.els ~ -s 49, "
90 pns1neaa ios' o. eus'cnaes ~ Aaoa"a
Cnleaso ue1coAnts caa stat' tot '"e A
Win cheaper sooa. o, AmeieA1 " ~ ,E'a
nanufactalc ,aan San FRANCISCO. ~ qsuee nuc
taat 'fesnn ase 1oT y a2ll'ns sese ..u ~ - " w
YORK TO this city. While It corA1f1c5 1So 70 l19