Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871, 1869-06-22
Farm, Garden, Kitchen and Shop.

older ones. Is that so?
Methuen, Nov. %, 1868. II. {. j.
We believe in bringing heifers in at two
wear. old. Tor the reason at that age the or
gans of secretion, like all parts of the body,
are in a more plant condition than they
will be at a later period, and they are con-
sequently more readily Influenced. The
secretion of milk is well calculated to de-
yelop them and to enlarge them to their
utmost capacity. If the animal is to be-
come a large mixer when she arrives at
maturity she must have abundant room to
Law away large supplies of milk and the
capacity for holding these supplies must be
created while her system is plant, elastic
and easily influenced.
Let the heifer take the bull toward the
end Of July, in August or early in Septem-
Der, ifshe will and you bring the parturi-
ton in the following spring at time very
favorable for the production Of milk. In
spring the grasses are green abundant and
tender, full Of rich milk producing juices,
which causes the largest development OF
the milk forming organs.
If, on the other hand, the first parturi-
ton of the young heiter takes place in
winter, the distcnsion Of the udder on dry
forage is slight and the product in milk
corresponds The milky glands will have
but slight development. Soon this habit
will become a second nature so to speak,
which no amount Of feeding can wholly
correct. The external signs Of good milk
er may be there, but the yield does not
come up to the production which they in
dictate, and this fact will often explain an
apparent exception to the established rules.
We do not hesitate to say that a heifer
coming in, in May or June, and properly
al I. i. al
a dairy COW, than one coming in with her
first calf at any other season Of the year.
SO far as our observation has gone, and
the experience of the best darymcn will
coincide, q hciter coming in at two years
old, If properly fed, carefully MIXED, fore
ed up, if you please, 20 her utmost capacity
of production, and made 10 hold out almost
till the new milk springs for q second calf,
will invariably make a better mixer than
one coming i'm at three years old. OfcOurse
this -upposC~ that the animal, as a cali, has
been well fed and kept in a thriving con-
dltlon up to the age of year, or fifteen
months, when she will 90 to the bull. She
should have a fair development and good
growth and it Is better that She should go
to "a small, rather than a large bull The
draught on her system for the nourishmcnt
of the tetus will be less severe than if she
lecundated by large over grown bull
Besides stimulating the mammary glands
to great activity and charging their capac-
itv 40 this age, there is the additional adj
vantage that the animal is more easily
handled usually more docilc; she may be
better managed, and she arrives at her ma
lurlty of production, which is not till after
the third calf, a year earlier, so thata year
Is gained in her profit
To offset these great and manifest adyan-
ta-es, there is the liability to some check
I'M ncr growth and size owing to the strain
upon her system before it has reached its
full developement This may be guarded
against and counteracted by liberal and
Judicious feeding, and with nhis there viii
be no apprcciabIe difference in size and
thrift between such an animal and one
brought i'm at three years DID, when they
reach the age OF four or five.
As To the age of the bull when put to
service our theory and practice are widely
different. Forwnile most intelligent farm
cr- are ready Co. admit that one year is too
young that the system is not mature, that
the animal is not developed and ought not
% be used, they do I'm ta,, use yearlug
bulls far more commonly than older ones.
30 well fed and thrifty, we should not OBJ
Iect To- limited Use Ola bull at fifteen
months, and from eighteen months and on
ward, more freely, i'm getting dairy stock
and stock for beef. For getting working
cattle or animals for labor, the bull should
be at least two and a half years old. The
bull is better to- bc worked and if it were
our custom To use all our bulls more or less
iu the yoke, they would undoubtedly be all
the better for it.-Pl0umaa
MORTALITY AMoNG THE SHEEP.-It has
been a query with many why so many
sheep have died at the barns since the feed
ing season commenced about the Doth OF
November last but to a close observer the
reasons are obvious. On account of the
wet seasons of last spring and summer
there was a rank and rapid growth Of grass
i'm the pastures, too much for the well be-
ing of the woolIy tribe, who always do bet
ter ON a medium, or even rather q scanty
growth of grass, than on a great flush of it,
Grass Is sweeter and more nutritious when
not too abundant in growth. Consequent
lv, sheep and lambs did not come to barns
i'm so good a condition for winteriug, a.
they should have done. Sheep, when put
to winter quarters with a good kidney, will
90 through with ordinary care but when a
little poverty stricken in the loius, extra
care is required, or the pelt will be the only
reward for the years keeping-aEd pref
ty meagre reward ut the present low price
Of wool. Again, very much Of the hay OF
last year was got i'll bad condition, damag
ed by rain, and considerable stood too late
on account ofthe extreme scarcity of Labor
and was unfit to feed to our fine wooec
tiocks, without any backing up OF rOOts anC
graln-neither Of which did the farmers
feel they could afford, ut the depressed
of . ,
great yield of pelts in some ilocks, more
than there will be Of shorn feeces alte
shearing. The cause assigned, in very
many cases is the grub in the head. Sheel
always had grubs in the head, but wheI
strong and in good condition, will throw
them off by q sneezing process / hav,
frequently found these grubs i'm my ware
soon after they have been elected from tn,
nostrils by violent effort of half sneez
and half cough, the animal sometime
jumping up and exercising great effort
and, when strong and healthy, will ri,
themselves Of these troublesome pests il
this way but, when weak and puny, the
have not strength to do it, and fall victim
to the workings Of these creatures in tn
internal structure of the head 1t is sat
that by keeping the Sleeps noses besmear
co with tar 1t prevents the fly from depos
iting the egg that matches the grub-but
Is almost if not quite, impossible to d
this, as the tar soon gets worn off by tn
constant friction of the nose with the gras
in feeding. ! know Of no better remed
for the grub in the head, than good an
generous keeping, both summer and winte
But ! know the discouraging prices of WOO
tend against this, and unless a change t
better prices takes place. our fine woole
Hooks, here in this northern world and hig
latitude, are doomed TO destruction. Whi
the grubs and other diseases do not TAX
the butcher must, and some other more IL
crative and better paying operations on I'll
farm is substituted therefor. NJ. c.
Waterman and Journal
Wool Observation-Disclosures Con
missioner Capron says ''Were it not ft
the culling process, by which several mi
lions of the poorest 10000 in some cases
single country have been remorselessl
slaughtered, for their pelts and the sma
modicum of fat that could be drained
hydraulic pressure from their iuiceless ca
cases, the ravages of disease would ha'
proved far greater This wedding out q
the victims of poverty will result benefc
ally IN elevating the average of health an
condition. Wool growers whose fears ha,
overcome their judgment and caused Il
depreciation oftheir focks or the abando
Of b.ir h,,gs,,ng, rar.r