Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1869-01-22
agricultural,
Mich Goes and Dairy Farming.
LECTURE BEFORE THE MASSACHUSETTS
AGRICULTURAL COlLEGE, Br
CHARLES l.. FLINT.

cheese dairy, where the work is associa-
ted and carried on at factory, and the
family dairy. The first step in our course
is to become acquainted with the stock
generally used, and those that should be
used for dairy purposes. Those more
generally used at the present time. are
what are called native. The origin OF
this stock is 50 very obscure, l have en-
deayored 10y an examination of the col
onial records to ascertain from whence
they came, and what We're their original
characteristics. The first cattle that came
10 America were landed at jamestown in
1908. and several lots were imported Ia
that colony in the following years. These
cattle We're shipped. some from England
from Ireland and some from the West
Indies 30 important were cattle deem
ed TO the colony that an ordinance was
passed with the Seyerest penalties 10 pre-
vent them from being killed. and in 1880
they had increased in numbers 10 several
Plymouth Colony were imported by Gov
ernCr Wnslow in 1924 The importa
ton consisted Of three heiterS and bull.
They belonged to the colony, but were
placed in the hands of individuals To l."
cared for for a term of years, when they
were u be returned 10 the proper ofiiccr>
with their increase Others were brought
in soon after and distributed in the same
manner These cattle had no unilorm0-
" OF color; some were black. some red.
and some white About 1850, one hand
red and thirty head were landed and dis
trihu,cd among the settlers in Salem amt
It's vicinity. In 1855 the Dutch ~ New
York brought cattle from the TcNal (
which were kept and owned by the lIcl
land COMPANY Not FAR from 1921 the
settlers in Delaware supplied them>elyc,
with cattle from Europe During tbs
years 1851 -, and ~. Mason brought
quite number of cattle 20 the province
of Hampshire These cattle came
from Denmark The business of the
New Hampshire settlers was mainly The
manufacture of It's forests into potash. I.
and Mason selected The Denmark cattle
for their remarkable working quali,i,, /
They were large houcd, strong and hgr
dy, and laid the foundation for the lc,
breed OF working cattle in the world I
Thus you see from whence OUR native
cattle >prtng. Prom England Ireland I.
Holland, Denmark. and the Wc>t-Iudie. +
and some probably from sweden TE.y
Were Of NO uniform race or breed. and .
a. the colonies frequently exchanged their .
stock they soon became perfectly miycd .
Cattle were brought 90 Carolina from a.
broad in 1870 and % Georgia ia I7Iu. F
and about tina, ,imc they we've brought ,o
Noya-Sco;ia, and thence sen, over Caua-
ia An % q writer says: The Nir.iul.
cattle were very lizzie cared for and poor- .
" kept, tina, they were r1-turcd in tn f.
wood, and >wamrS and were small ami .
lean 'Iba, their manure Was not up
piled 70 the fields. for land was plenty
AMI after one farm was ruined il WAS a.
bandoned and another taken up Cat,
tie increased rapidly in this country, O.
pecilly IN IA, Eastern States. and We
find that in lsa', raising cattle and max
Inc butter and cheese was great bu,i-
ness Y, that time d4iri,s numbering
from twenty-five T. Gity cow, were COM.
mon in Rhodc-l>land and Massachusetts,
Some improvements had been made In
their stock, bU, none had commenced
course of breeding according 20 thr priu
ciple~ Of physiology in fact ri that time
this had not been done in Europe Then
the object aimed 10 was To make the
largest cat;lr-to secure the creates,
amount OF bone. Prizc~ were given for
size, without regard To symmetry ct
form and ability 10 iatteu
1t wa, Blackwell who started thn idea
ofrai,ing cattle tha, should give The great.
e>tamount c'meat Tor the food consumed.
He Was seconded by other breeders. and
30 carefully ana scientifically did they
proceed tha, their efforts were successful.
In 1910 Comet, one Of their improved
bulls WAS sold for one thousand guinya>.
And at their great sale seventeen cows
were sold II auction al q price averaging
seven hundred and forty dollar, per head.
In 1916 TomkiuS commenced 20 breed the
HeretordS, and with 50 much success.
that 1t the auction ,ale of his stock in 1919,
the average price received for them was
four hundred and iory-ive dollars. The
prices were not fictitious, bUt were FOL
value received, for the markets Of tho-y
later years showed tina, the average
weight Of the slaughtered beetin England
had risen from four hundred 10 eight hun,
bred pounds, and at the same time the
aga had been reduced one year-irom five
70 four Our breeders, instead of taking
our heterogeneous stock 70 breed from,
availed themselves ofthis advantage. and
when they really commenced 70 improve
their cattle imported the foreign breeds.
There are two modes by which this inn
provement in cattle can be- attained. and /
there is wide difference between breed
and 4 race. A race Of cattle is one that
is distinctive 10 the country which it in