The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-09-23

unloaded every night, often In the mud,
and subject to loss and deterioration in va.
rious ways. The Bombay Cotton Commit
tee, in 1S47, estimated that "the whole
"oharges of conveyance to Bombay from
"the mart Of Khangaon, only ZIG miles dis
"tant, being the nearest Of all, do not fall
"short of &C per cont. on the price of the
COMMODITY" We do not find any state
ment of the current railroad charges; but
the cost of transportation has been further
reduced by the extension Of the use Of the
cotton press. The conversion Of bullock
paths into cart roads. in certain cases, has
further facilitated the arrival Of cotton at
market, and it is possible for the govern
ment to ohespen it's cost yet more at the
ports Of shipment, by the removal Of the
tax which It has to pay at the towns to
which IL is brought. This tax has already
been somewhat reduced, but the commits
sioner is very urgent in advising it's total
abolition, citing the repeal Of the tax ON
American cotton as a reason for tightening
to the utmost the burdens of the Indian
staple. In the race that India must run
with America for place in the Manchester
market, the weight.of the "ootroi" duties,
he says, cannot foil to tell against the
former.
The attempt to extend the growth Of the
"Hinguughat," Berar and other superior
cottons-whioh ore moro especially the
rivals ofthe Amerioan-into the less favored
districts of India, has, so far, been attended
with bat Indifferent success, tho commits
sioncr expressing the belief that the supe-
riority of the staple produced in those dis
triots is due to local causes. or expert
ments likewise made with American seed
the commissioner says that sahe result of
"the experiments, conducted again this
''year with great care, has not been such
Gas to convince me that the American cotton
"seed is likely TO prove success in Cen
"tral India" The report details The vsri-
GUS measures taken for tho improvement of
the indigenous plant, among which is the
establishment Of three seed farms, aggre-
eating 26O sorcs, in selected spots within
the districts referred to.
The exports toward Bombay of Central
Provinces and Berar cotton during the
season of IS68-'69 are stated as follows:
Full-pressed bales, 70.5O1; half pressed
bales, 177,775; dohras, 1885. The mum
ber Of acres under cultivation in these dis
tricls in 1867'68 was 1854, 552; and in
I868-69, l, ,286, ,742; showing an increase of
80, 100 aores in the latter year. The commits
sioner, however, remarks: GAS stated early
''in the season, the area under cultivation
''has not undergone any marked change,
s'and is still nearly at the figure at which it
"has now been for several years, and at
(Which it is likely to remain for some time
'to come. For, save under extraordinary
''oircumstsnoes, the cultivation is not likely
"to receive any appreoiable extension"
Tho reason for this conclusion is stated to
be that Sin the Wurdah Valley, where the
''crop is most successful, the crop still
stakes up one half of the land sown for the
'eautumn harvest; while in the Valley OF
'fha Poonah thirty-two per cent Of the ouI-
"tivated area is devoted to cotton. When
''it is remembered that On area at least
"equsl to TINT sown with cotton must be
PRESERVED for other produce in order to
''sdmit Of the rotation Of crops. it will be
understood that the cultivation does not
"admit of much extension in this quarter. !"
The Hingunghat cotton is sown during
the first break in the weather following the
setting in of the rains, generally on Fields
which bave borne grain crop the previ-
GUS year, the soil having been broken up
previous to the monsoon by the 'bukhur,' ~
rough instrument peculiar to that part o,
the country, and which is passed over the
Geld five OF six times. The seed is then
aown in drills, very CLOSE, and the plant ia
hoed soon after it appears above ground.
II is then left to itself till weeds appear,
when It is weeded by hand, and 'thinned
when found TO be too close. II begins to
Hover in September, the pods form the fol-
lowing month, and in November the cap.
sules burst, and the cotton is ready to be
picked. The ginning has heretofore been
done by q native invention called the
"ohurka," or "reoha." In closing his re.
port for 1s67-'sS, Commissioner Carnao
saye:
"Jubbulpore and Hiiigunghat have for some
time now enjoyed the advantage Of the pres.
ence OF European merchants. But tho number
OF half-presses and full-presses at these places
have considerably increased during The last
year, and Messrs. Warwick ,& Co. intend, be
lieve, to set up ginning factory at Hingun-
CHAT. Tho MofussI Ginning and Pressing
Company have now been at work some time in
the Berars, and their eIcellently managed es
tablishments have done much to keep up the
credit OF the cotton sent down from this part
OF India The factories Of the Deocan Dompa-
ny at KhanRaon and Budnaira, which wore At.
feoted by the misfortunes that overlook Bonn.
bay In 1885. long remained unoompleted; but
during 1868 they have been opened and worked.
The large factories at the cotton markets are
indeed one 6f tho most interesting features OF