New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-03-20
IRELAND.
PAST AND PRESENT OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
AND ITS CAUSES-RIBBON MEN-THE POTATO
THE FAMINE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
IRELAND OF TO-DAY.

| THE FAMINE OF l646-EMIGRATI0N-TH
| IRELAND OF TO-DAY.
| IRON AN OCCASIONAL CORRESPONDENT
DUBLIN, -. 19.-That remedial measures are re-
CURED for Ireland all admit but until her actual
condition is known, and her people are understood
such measures are not likely to be wisely devised
The questions to be answered are neither dark nor
difficult. spirit of sincerity would solve the prob
lens presented; not soon perhaps but satisfactorily
Were the virtues of honor common as the gifts of
knowledge the Irish difficulty might be overcome
within the century. The people of Ireland even the
poor and suffering, people. have fine qualities They
quck-tempered and resentful but they are afec-
| tionate, long-suffering and brave The women are
| chaste and devoted, the men are chivalrous and,
under trying circumstances, true. Their circum
stances are peculiarly trying, and they are crcum.
stances for whose existence while they Toan under
them terribly, they are but very remotely response
bic. OConnell used to say that Ireland was the
most justice-loving country in the world" and also
"a country Of combinations" that is of organized
plots and conspiraces. A propensity to rebel crcu-
lates in the Irish blood. The rumor Of rising is
greeted with general JOY. The very school boys feel
it. Though they may be Protestants, sons of gentle
men, landlords sons, free from Oppession and annoy
ance, still their blood leaps at the idea of an upns
ing against instituted authority. II this is
lHo Cdbe WIN Jne cnlluren OF tho dominant
Glass; it is not surprising that adults of the subject
race feel the restless impulse that makes them hard
to govern arbitrarily. The landed property of Ire
land is mostly in possession of Protestants. The
occupiers Of the property are in general Roman
Catholics In the selection Of Member of Parlia-
ment the landlord has but one vote The smallest
holder, the most ignorant peasant on his estates has
likewise vote. The landlord feels that he has a
right, by all the means at his command to prevent
the tenantry from casting their ballots as to en-
danger the most cherished institutions Of the King
DOM the tenant maintaining that if he cutivaes his
farm and pays his rent the landlord has no further
claim on him. The priest on the side vehemently
urges the constitutional rights of the tenant the
landlord ON the other, is indignant that the nfu-
ence Of his position, education and wealth should be
refused and thwared by the interference of order
Of men who, in his eyes, represent ignorance and
superstition. Hence the turbulence violence, and
misery that attend every Irish election, creating the
passion that blinds the understanding, and aggra-
waiting the evil that lies already deep in the cOnstu
tion of society. The election riots merely express
the permanent discomfort of people who have been
conquered, and who believe themselves oppressed
This discomfort is radical and chronic Uhy should
the fendnty pay rent at dHi is the question fercey
asked in many q company Of cOnspiratOrs. "Is not
the land own and did it not belong to our ances
tors before us and did not these English come and
take it by force awayi And will we not tear it back
out of their hearts blood YETI 1t is not more than
three hundred years since they stole it ; many
country has risen and held its own again after a
longer slavery than that and Will rise. The land
we must have; and withered be the arm that will
not strike blow to gain it," The causes Of Irish
Impotence are the deepest seated Of all causes.
There is antipahy of race there is hostility of
I. Al.
and conquerors there is the l-will Of the poor
toward the rich. No superficial remedies meet such
disease. Landlords may be easy and liberal Tenants
may be consderatc and fOrbearing. Rents may be
low; indulgences may be many. 1t makes no differ
long as the belief prevails that the people
should pay rents at all.
The estates held by Protestant mobiles in Ireland |
are of immense proportions. Take as example |
the estate of the Marquis Of Bath portion of the
dominion of Farrey. The Barony of Farrey was |
granted by Queen Elizabeth to Walter Earl of Essex
in the year 1876 1t then wild plain, but par
TALLY nclosed consisting chiefly Of pasturage
and low alder shrubbery 1t was thinly peoped. and
untitled. The male inhabitants devoted |
themselves plumber and TO battle sometimes among
themselves, under the leadership of their various
and sometimes, banded under q general
leadership, against the English. The value of the
estate was trining the whole Barony being leased in
GOG for f25O per annum, payable in Dublin. which
was probably equivalent to not being paid at all In
GP2 the territory Of Farrey was divided into two
parts, each set down at the time as worth something
,ver Ct 600 per annum In 1863 the joint income from
he two estates rated at fsOOO During nearly
he whole Of the eighteenth century the lands were
led by middlemen; the proprietor residing in Eng
and where duties of a different kind from those be-
ongng TO great farmer demanded his attention,
md where residence was at the same time more at
ractive and more safe. The inhabitants increased |
md multiplied on the soil TO vast extent; few
none OF them were ever displaced The waste lands
we're fenced and titled so far to meet the wants OF
he rapidly increasing population, wants very simple,
md Of kind III IS43 the rent roll of the
wo estates amounted something more than 10000
'er annum, while the population numbered upward Of
4 l07 souls The extent of the domain being Al ,5G7
ores Irish, there was more than one human being
or every acre of land in the barony-dense peopling
n that country-and there was nearly one human
eing for every pound Of the annual valuation. The
gent Of the landlord was fair minded, humane
man, as interest and comfort demanded
hat no should be- But no personal virtue might
ender such position an easy one to fill. He had ]
o peace of mind His perpexities were incessant.
lis life was in continual peril The least approach
strictness in the exactOn of even moderate dues {
rent the least activity in the collection of rents
verdue the slightest attempt to displace tenant
I notorionsly bad character for improvdence, v
cglect and backwardness in meeting engagements, 4
as sufficient to make riot that might more easily
Id in bloodshed than not The tenantry pure Il
elts, who spoke only their native language. They Ct
ere ignorant for the national system Of education
rs hardly naugurated, and schools of any sort I,
ere few. c,
Nor was this the chief cause of trouble The peo-
O. persuaded that the land theirs by right of Oh
ssession and inheritance and paying such rents as
ey did merely because they were compelled to do IL