The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-10-18
SWITZERLAND.

with Rome, local freedom and unity OF falth.
SWITZERLAND.
International Peace and Liberty Lengue-
Presence Of Eminent Delegntes--WOrk for
the Congress-AboIition Of War-United
Suites OF EurOpe-WOmen's Sudragc-Bold
Strike for a Republic-Universal Liberty
and Improved Social Condition.
BERLIN, Sept. &c. 1869.
The Congress Of the International Peace and
Liberty League assembled on the 10Th inst at Lau-
sanne Switzerland. At two O'Clock p. M.-the
opening OF the sessiOn-upwards Of 900 members
were present; among them Victor Hugo, the Presl-
dent d'honneur Gambetta Ferriers and Laurter,
from France; Louis SIMON venedey and Sonnemann,
from Germany. DR.. Johann Jac0by has written In
explanation Of his absence. DR.. Gustav voigt
President Of the Central Committee, Is expected to
come. The outward appearance OF victer Hugo was
excellent. Though the hair OF his head and whiskers
has become gray, he looks less old than he really
At his right sat NJ. Eytel leader OF the radicals in
Waadt Canton; on his left M Barni or Geneva, Vice
President OF the Central Committee.
Mr.. Eytel, after greeting the assembled delegates
In the name Of the citizens OF Lausanne, stated as
the object OF the Congress- which frsr met three
years ago, the establishment OF social order,
together with social liberty. 10 attain thus they had
found 1t absolutely necessary to abolish war, the
main impediment to social organization based upon
liberty and equality. This humane IDEA was not
new; 1t had been fostered in the previous century,
but in our time only the nations had been brought
sufficiently close to another to allow OF co-ope-
ration; now only 1t IL possible TO remove the OBJ
structions to the establishment of confederation Of
European States. This Congress, he hoped, would
prove, by discipline aud moderation in its PROCEED
ings, its worthiness to head SO vast q movement,
which could be successful only II governed by strict
principles Of liberty and personal right.
The work laid out for this third Congress was then
touched upon by M. Barni. The first Congress had,
he said, agreed upon certain principles the second
formed programme and 1t was now for the third
to execute 1t. War Is bar0arity to be removed by
civilization. Right must take the place Of might.
SeiEgovernmens OF the people must be established.
for servile people cannot join In q league Of
liberty. Tn 9 old maxim, I'm time Of peace prepare
for war, must be changed into eli you want peace
obtain first ibcrty.n We OF the league have been
often called dreamers tr6reusj who give the reins
for recently saying "L'Europe ,narcAe 8 Ia rdpuo-
tQtte 2n He added however, that the epoch OF
transition would be bloody To counteract TO rus
trate this bloody strife snail be object. Even an
imperial French Senator, whom no one would call
| reueu, NJ. Michel Chevaer. mad recently said:-
| Europe must be constituted analogous to the
| United States of-Amerca. The pattern was given
| to certain extent by Switzerland. On her soil
| ner OF liberty Switzerland may become for europe
what the three original cautions had been for her
ths coneress IL the destruction OF panpersm
| have proposed no system in thus respect and VIII
adopt any solution compatible with liberty. Let us
be Just to Others give ample scope TO discussion and
Apply to our social questions the words Of Monies
quieu-Sans les reytus potitQues pas de aoeyte.'"
compliment to Vic.or Hugo, the grand proscrit
| duteur des cidttmens," which called forth great
piaudits he was succeeded by Herr Amand Gogg,
| wh n n n
Of the Congress- The masses OF the people, he said,
are not satisfied with liberty only. They demand a
material Improvement Of their condition. without 1t
liberty would be 10 them an empty term. But the
| standing armies deprive the European States Of
abolition OF these armies cannot be thought OF with
out supplanting the governments by peoples
governments forming among themselves great
| Victor Hugo then rose and, hailed by vehement
tom This beautiful Alpine country with its grand
natural loneliness, Ia the nc place for the solemn
declaration, No more wars. You have pronounced
| 1t and congratulate you for It. Peace be between
man and man. race and race and brother and
brother. But we VIII have no unconditional peace.
We VIII not be humDled and DECEASED by despotism;
we do not want held over US the sceptre
or corporals cane. The first condition Of peace is
ueliverance. one last revolution, one last war, and
we will have eternal peace and indssoluDe unity OF
nations. The world will need no more Inventions OF
revolving cannon; liberty y the ann Of our league,
! Mrs. Gogg, having obtained the noor delivered q
discourse on the emancipation OF her sex. She
axiom that women, II participating In puolc affairs.
would better appreciate the activity OF their nus
| bands tnau II confined 10 the household. she
| summed up by statement OF the progress OF the
| movement 10 England France and Germany
Vice PRESIDENT N. Eytel now called upon N; Charles
| Lemonnier, who communicated the following reso.
| luti0ns:-
Whereas material permanent Of the wariks
condition 10 Enropes the entire want OF J"dcsi intsrna
the nrs. condition that ieerna,ional
nal to decide upon questions TO solve which aud dpIo
in vain by force and decst should be chosen and
hs decisions By international laws voted By these same
whereas the weight tribunal requires that to
secate s decisions should DO secured by executive
Whereas such executive power legally s.is, only IL
regulated aud BY the direct will OF the peoples
Whereas the three institutions together namely inter.
national sains tribunal to apply aud D0wsr TO
cute q: dss,.Sn, constitute so,ernI.n'
F1sThs only means TO secure peace 10 Europe 10 10
establish confederation Of the peoples BY the nAs'o
Ssena-TSs eovsrn@su. Of !h. mus. be republican
M 81 n y Sa
autonomy Of each member Of The conred
7nSa-The forms Of sovernmsn, must open Improve
fo~tn-The European coufsdsr.soa tss to suAsoss to
al y. nations sss.,s ss,ous, .as to .u !,
| ie( Liberty o. the ballot
| fs} Liberty Of ssssm6ins and forming ASSOCIATIONS
o. Libsriy 10 labor wishou, tAs'og advantage OF
Actual personal responsibility q =. essss.''s oesr.
| Confederation Il not in the full possession Of
| (s) The general franchise t
ID The right OF voting refusing tases
(o) The right Of making peacc and deciasiog war
10 The rn. Of entering 'uo and rasns political and
SsJ The rish, 10 amend lee constitution.
| Dwelling upon the motives OF those resolutions
Mr.. Lemouncr said that though the people were
constantly and loudly protesting against war they
still allowed hve millions OF thetr sons to serve In
standing armies, and paid fifty thousand million
francs to support them. This is oniy possible mas
much as the are not bound by any ohll-
cations towards the people, while the nations con-
slider themselves bound under obligations to these
| governments. The action OF Greece at che recent
Paris Conference when II declared that 1t had the
power would act against tts resolutions. Was tnus