davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
Interesting Facts about Coffee.

The coffee is not bean, does not grow in
pods as is generally supposed, but it is a
fruit, grows on tree, two grains facing
each other, and when ripe, the coffee tree
does not look unlike the old red Morella
cherry. At the end of the grain is little
fruit substance called the ''cofine." The
brand of coffee we use the most of is pulled
before it is ripe, in which condition it does
not weigh so much, therefore it is put in this
cylinder, and after being colored, is, being
mixed with others, worth 50 S3, 81, and S.
per bushel, and the mixture sold at So
Some of the coffee, when ripe, is placed on
terraras, or earth, and when rained on, little
particles of the dust are FLASHED upon it,
and, owing to the peculiar soil, it is stained
with little red spots, seen on some of the
grains very frequently. Another is coffee
so called "Arida," or burnt coffee, caused
by the fruity end fermenting. There are
20 Sackers in Brazil, who place all their
lower grades of coffee together, and after
mixing, sell the whole for the price of the
best.
The result of the busting of the coffee is
to close up the little pores in the grain,
which can be seen with tho microscope, in
which rests the ''cafien," of that portion
which gives it its aroma. This quality of
the coffee is destroyed by busting it. A good
coffee could not be made by boiling-the best
cup goes up in smell to the fourth story of
the house-and people should brown and
grind their own coffee. There is no way for
the South and West to get good coffee ex-
cept to ask for the Golden Rio, or Gold
Washed Rio, and when they ask for that,
they will get what they want. Coffee should
be Drowned in a cylinder evenly, and not
burned; it should be ground about like corn
meal, and then one tablespoonful put in the
pot for every cup. One cup of water for
every four cups of coffee, is enough. 1t
should not be boiled; percolating is the only
Christian way to make coffee When done,
pour one-quarter of a cup of the decoction
in cup, and fill up with boiled milk. By
this plan you will have drink worthy Of
the gods. Water and coffee have no affinity
for each other; boiled milk only should be
used
There were grown in the different coun.
tries in the wears 1866-'67:
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

( e CENT.-A son of one of the chiefs
rdwan was converted by single tract.
uld not then read, but he went to Ran
distance of two hundred and fifty
A missionary's wife taught him to
and in forty-eight hours he read the
tract through. He took basketful of
Facts, preached the Gospel at his own home,
md was the means of converting hundreds
. God. He was a man of influence, the
|eOple flocked to hear him, and in one year
|fteen hundred natives were baptized in Ar
acan as members of the church. And all
his through one little tract. That tract
st one cent; and possibly some little boy
! girl gave the cent. What blessing it
\ as been Eclectic Treasury.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
Bold Achievements of Modern Science-A
New Ocean.

The success of the great French engineer,
M. Ferdinand de Lesseps, in the work of
uniting two oceans, has already been chron-
icled. Magnificent as that achievement is,
another and greater one, by the same
mind, is to be entered upon at an early day.
If we may credit the Alexandria correspon-
dent of the HaIe of Florence, M. de Les
seps has determined to transform the "Great
Sahara of africa into an ocean. That
paper states that some time ago he sent en-
gineers to survey the arid waste, at the sug-
gestion of some African explorers, who had
theory that it was originally great inland
sea that had been displaced by CONFUSION
of nature. The result is that the Sahara
has been found to lie below the level OF the
Red Sea at its nearest point Of approach
more than thirty feet, with constantly
increasing depression as it recedes towards
the interior Obviously, in this case, all
that remains to be done for the conversion
of the desert into new Mediterranean is to
turn the waters of the Red Sea into the
basin. A canal seventy-fve miles in length
will, it is asserted, accomplish this purpose.
The Ocean of Sahara Should this latest
project of M. de Lesseps prove success,
what changes would Immediately follow in
the physical, social, and moral condition of
Central Africa The introduction of such
an immense body of water would modify the
climate, and open the now hidden African
regions to commerce, civilization, and Chris
tianity. Let us hope that M. de Lesseps
may live long, and that at his death his man.
tie may fall on some genius of equal gifts
and enterprise.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
II msbaMdru.
" Great Farmers"

Among the distinguished individuals in
France who take " to farming, the Napo-
Icons unquestionably rank first; every mem
Der of the Imperial family appears to have
his or her model farm. In the very camp
of Chalons the Emperor has one, and it is
famous for its butter. Last year His Males
ty sent present of basketful, fresh from
the churn, to the Empress. The mes
senger came to Paris, slept by the way,
and in his hurry to change carriages, took
the train and was whisked back to the
camp. The butter arrived at Marseilles,
then returned to Paris, and, if not melted,
may be travelling still This was the only
produce ever exported directly by the EN-
peror from any of his many farms. The
celebrated painter, Rosa Bonheur, farms
near Fontainbleau-is the first up and last
to bed, and clothed in a suit of "hodden
gray" and enormous CATERS, has an eye
here and there. Madame Dudevant, better
known as George Sand, lives almost in her
fields, and turns off a few chapters of a
novel while overseeing her work people from
a headland.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
Central 4resbptniar,
Office No. 1015 Main street, nearly opposite
the Post Office
TIE r M s


Three Dollars year, payable in Advance. Pay
ments made within the first tuo months from date
of subscription, will be considered in advance
-Four Dollars year, if payment is not made with
in two months.
All subscribers who do not give express notice to
the contrary will be regarded wishing to continue
their subscription, and the paper will be sent to
them accordingly.
No paper will be discontinued until arrearages
are paid except in special cases at the discretion of
the Editor.
PosTAGE.-Twenty cents year-to be paid at the
Office where the paper is received.
The BEST MODES OF MAKING PAYMENTS are here
put down according to the order in which they are
preferred:
/. To local agents wherever practcabe all min.
listers of our Church are authorised to act as SUCH
2. A BANK CHECK, or Posi- OFFICE MONEY ORDER
may be sent by mail without risk of loss
8. Where neither of these can be procured, send
in registered letter. Under the new regulations
this mode is ordinarily safe.
The cost of the money order or registered letter
may be deducted from the amount transmitted
Money sent according to the directions above is
at OUR RISK. If transmitted simply by mail, 1T
MUST BE RISK THE PARTY SENDING IT.
MARRIAGES AND DEATHs.-Notces inserted with.
out charge.
OBITUARIES at ten cents line. The
party sending can make the estimate b, counting
eight words to line. Payment Invariably in ad.
rance.
COMMUNICATIONS AND LETTERS ON BUSINESS ahould
be addressed to Central Presbyterian, Box u,
Richmond, Va.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
The Crows Value to the Farmer.

Whatever wrong the crow commits against
the cultivators of the soil, may by little
pains-taking, be materially lessened or
wholly prevented. The benefits he confers
are both numerous and important. During
the time he remains with us he destroys, SO
says no less authority than Wilson, "my-
riadS of worms, moles, mice, grubbs and
beetles" Audubon also affirms that the crow
devours myriads of grubs every day in the
year-grubs which would lay waste the
farmers fields-and destroys quadrupeds in
Vulnerable, every one of which is an enemy
to his poultry and his focks. DR.. Harris
also, one of the most faithful and accurate
observers, in speaking of the fearful ravages
sometimes wrought in our grass-lands and
gardens by the grub of the May beetles, adds
his testimony to the great services rendered
by the crow in keeping these pests in check.
Yet, here in Massachusetts, regardless of
such testimony in their favor, We have nearly
exterminated the birds, and the destructive
grubs, having no longer this active enemy
to restrict their growth, are year by year
increasing with fearful persistence. We
have seen large farms within an hours ride
of Boston, in which over entire acres the
grass was so completely undermined and the
roots eaten away, that the loosened earth
could be rolled up as easily as if it had been
cut by the turing spade. In the same
whole fields of corn, potatoes,
and almost every kind of garden vegetable,
had been eaten at the root and destroyed.
Our more intelligent farmers, who have care
fully studied out the cause of this unusual
insect growth, have satisfied themselves that
it is the legitimate result, the natural and
inevitable consequence of our own acts. Our
and murderous warfare upon
the crow has interrupted the harmonies of
nature, disturbed her well adjusted balance,
and let loose upon agriculture its enemies
with no adequate means of arresting their
general increase. Monthly.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
How Cattle Kill Trees.

1t is noticeable fact, that tree ever so
thrifty, and of whatever kind, to which
cattle gain access, and under which they be.
come habituated to stand, will very soon die.
In the case of solitary shade tree in a
pasture or by the roadside, this is of COM
mon occurrence. The query may have been
suggested, To what is this owing? In the
first place, rubbing tree by the necks Of
cattle is highly pernicious, and if persisted
in, it will commonly destroy it sooner or
later; but if the tody of the tree be cased
so that their necks cannot touch it, death
will ensue just as certainly as they are al
lowed to tramp the earth about it, But why
should tramping the earth destroy the tree
The reason is one of wide and important
application to the laws of vegetable growth.
The roots of plants need air, if not as much,
yet just as truly as the leaves and branches.
Their case is analogous to that of fishes,
which, though they must have water, must
have air also, namely, just about as much
as permeates the water. If it be all shut
off, so that none which is fresh can get to
them, they will exhaust the supply on hand,
and then die for want of more. So the
roots of trees and vegetables want air.
When the earth is in normal or natural
condition, it is full of interstices and chan
nels, by which air gets to them. But if the
cattle are allowed to tramp down the earth,
and the sun aids their work by baking it at
the same time, crust like brick is formed,
wholly impervious to the atmosphere, and
the tree yields to its fate. So tree cannot
live if its roots are covered with close
pavement They will struggle for life by
creeping to the surface, and hosting out a
brick here and stone there, or find a crack
where their noses can snuff little breath;
but if fought down and covered over, will
finally give it up. So if tree be thrust
into close clay, or its roots are kept under
water, it refuses either to be an aquatic, or
to put up with its aluminous prison. 1t will
grow as little as possible, and die the first
opportunity.-Prairse Farmer.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

The average age of the whole number of
persons who died in the twenty-five years,
whose occupations were specified, was sos
years. 1t seems, then, that bankers, mer-
chants, clergymen, judges, lawyers, physi-
clans and professors live longer than the
average of all classes of occupations, and
very much longer than laborers or inactive
mechanics working in shops. Neither the
hurry and excitement of bankers and mer-
chants, nor the severe mental labor of cler.
gymen. judges and lawyers, seem to shorten
their lives. In fact it will be noticed that
the three professions last named, whose &C.
cupation is wholly brain labor, and of the
most severe description, are the very highest
on the list of average ages.
1t is probable that some merchants iniure
themselves from too much devotion to, and
more especially from too much anxiety about
their business; and it is possible that some.
times student or professional man may in
jure himself by severe mental labor in this
country, though We cannot recall well au,
thenticated case of the kind. The truth is
we have but few hard students in this coun-
try, and our students and professional men
are killed, not by too much labor of the
brain, but by too little labor of the BODY;
not by too much food for the mind, but by
too much food for the stomach. -Providence
Journal.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

Of which 100000 sacks came to the
United States. 1t is also true that the books
of our Custom House show the Importation
of but five sacks of Mocha from Africa in
the past seven years. The blossom of the
coffee plant is like the white jessamine, and
exhales an aroma worthy of Eden. At the
headwaters of the La Plata l saw stretch
of coffee orchards 80 miles in extent One
planter, out of $50 acres of ground, made,
clear of all expenses, with 70 negroes, ,$4S,-
900 in gold,-Rsv. Mr.. Fletcher IN India
napoEs Journal
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
Does Brain Work Shorten Life?

In the first place, there is good reason for
doubling, or at any rate there is no good
proof that mental diseases, or diseases Of the
brain, are more prevalent in this than in
other countries. 1t is generally thought so,
and it may possibly be true; but the only
proof of it that can be given, is general
impression that it is so, an impression whose
only foundation is a general Inference from
very few facts, the very weakest of all
proof. But there is important evidence upon
the subject which is available. 1t is the
average age of those who die, in various oc-
equations and professions in this country.
In Massachusetts these records have been
kept for twenty-five years. so that the num-
Der of facts has become sufficient to make
the results important and valuable as evil
dence.
We find in the report for 1867, that in 25
years nearly, the deaths of 1866 professional
men had been reported, with an average age
of sos years, and 1856 merchants, fnan-
ciers, agents, &C., with an average age of
1876 years These averages are greater
than those of any other class except farmers
and mechanics working in the open air. The
average age of active mechanics in shops is
47.9 years; of inactive mechanics in shops,
43 years; of laborers, 46.8 years; of factors
laboring abroad, 34.2 years; of persons en-
ployed on the ocean, 45.5 years; of females,
1871 years; of farmers, 64.2 years; and of
active mechanics working in the open air,
So years. There is nothing here to indi-
cate that brain labor shortens life, and when
we look at the individual professions, the
proof is still more marked. Thus the aver
age of those who died in some of the most
important professions and occupations, was
as follows:
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

E ssfsion? And is not this owing,
- no small degree, to the fact that they are
not in the habit of meditating upon the
Word of God If man should be always
eating food, but not digesting it, how could
his body be nourished? He could not have
good strong health in such a case. No more
can Christian have his soul in health and
prosperity without meditation.
Any good book or tract may suggest suit
able matter for us to think upon, but of
course the best book for that purpose is the
Holy Bible. 1t is in the law Of the Lord
the good man loves " to mediate day and
night"
The book of Psalms is especially suited
for this, but the whole Bible is mine of
wealth where he that seeks may find treas
ures more precious than thousands of gold
and silver. Or it may be compared to an
ocean, the bottom of which is covered with
pearls, and they who dive oftenest, will fetch
up the best and the purest, "Thy thoughts
are very deep
" Search the Scriptures" 1t is one of
the most remarkable features in the law of
the Lord that it will bear so much close and
repeated searching. What Bishop Horne
has said of the book of Psalms is applica-
bic to the other inspired Scriptures "The
fairest productions of human wit, after a few
perusals, like gathered flowers, witheri in our
hands, and lose their fragancy; but these
unfading plants of Paradise become, as we
are accustomed to them, still more and more
beautiful; their bloom appears to be dai-
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

A MISSIONARY IN INDIA says that he thinks
the change in India in the matter of religion
made during the last fifty years is as great
as that achieved in the Roman Empire at the
time of Constantine. The old pagan reli-
gion has received it's death-blow.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
TESTIMONIALS.

TESTIMONIALS.
FROM PREsT PIEDMONT LIFE INSURANCE Co.,
Richmond, January Sth, 1869. J
JOHN W. RISON, ESQ.
Dear SIR Knowing many who are slaves to the
mend YOUR "Hntidote" as sure remedy. / certify
to its efficacy, because, after having used tobacco
for fifteen years, was enabled to quit it without
inconvenience, after using your "Antidote," and
have now no desire or taste for tobacco.
W. G. CARRINGTON.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

WHEN l DIG man out of trouble, the
hole that he leaves behind him is the grave
where l bury my own trouble.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
MAYEsyrLLE, s. c.. Dec. 2stb. 1868

MAYEsvILLE, S. c.. Dec. 2Sth, 1868.
l certify that have been using Risons "Tobacco
Antdoteh for two weeks, and find that the prepare
ton will certainly overcome the desire for chewing
Tobacco. Therefore cheerfully recommend all who
earnestly desire to abandon this filthy and health
they will find it comparatively easy matter to over
come the habit J. A. MAYES, M. d.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

Y have a rough voyage through
4 gu have nothing to fear, while you
eief below, faith on deck and Christ
elm of your little bark.-Jackson.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

FROM SUPERINTENDENT ORPHANS HOME, /
TUsKEGEE, ALA, Jan. 21st, 1869.
JOHN W. RISON, ESQ.,, Richmond, Va.
Dear Sir: / have used one box of your Tobacco
Antidote," and for the sake of experiment, | made
the attempt to chew piece of Tobacco, and found
it rather loathsome than pleasant
Very respectfully, A. r. HOLDERBY.
de 16-tf
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

We MAY judge of men by their converse
ton toward God, but never by Gods dispen-
satiOns toward them.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

he day. These deyotlons are not lrrever-
ntly rapid or tedious, as often with us but
m short, crisp, and reverent. The SER
come in, bringing with them their BIZ
md the benches on which they sit
no do not profess religion, as it is un-
d among us, seldom sit at meat with
ce, as it is here called. 1t consists
4 + words, such as, The Lord make us
for his Sons sake, or For what
about to receive the Lord make us
a At her breakfast table, where
en- appears as the woman and lays
queen, she frequently says grace.
rhe other day informally with the
ror of London. He came from the
ere ne sits as magistrate daily,
& his robes and triple gold chain,
the insignia of his Office, and ap.
the dinner table, around which
al gentlemen. In simple and
manner he said grace, and asked
% be seated. Nor is this cant.
nts of London have an outspoken
ing of religion, as if it was no
pr thing of which they need
They gather in their counting
aver; have clubs that meet
krdying the Bible; go among
neglected on Sunday, gather
ons where the regular minis
lad form that great column,
Z on every Sunday go out
masses their work for their
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
PLY With Others.

a happily with others is to
subjects of disputation.
Yhen people live much
pme to have certain set
from frequent dispute,
18th of angry, mortified
that the original sub
) mes a standing subject
? is a tendency in all
t down to it. Again,
I've we'll together they
ch to logic, and suppose
be settled by sufficient
bn saw this clearly with
people, when he said
be the pair above all
ess who should be doomed
/, every morning, all the
domestic day" But the
B d be much more general
n There is no time for such
nothing that is worth them.
COLLECT how two lawyers, or
can go on contending, and
end of one-sided reasoning
tt, we shall not be sure that
On is the best mode of arriving
1T certainly it is not the way to
: GOD temper.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
DISON'S ANTIDOTE.

LIZ -, . -,
beg to call particular attention to the fact that
Rison's Sovereign Tobacco Antidote,
is prepared only by
JOHN W. RISON, Apothecary,
No. 22S, Corner Main and Sd Sts, Richmond.
Price so cents.
A trial is all that is asked, and if it does not de-
stroy the desire for tobacco the moneg 'ciA be re-
funded. As evidence of the merit of my prepare
ton, please notice the certificates of persons well
known who have used It,
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

GOD'S CLAIMS upon US are infinite, ours
upon Him nothing.
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18
IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR LAND
SURVEYING.
INVENTED BY

j. M. LILLEY, Staunton, Virginia.
THIS INSTRUMENT has been adopted at the
United States Military Academy, West Point; Keny-
on College, Ohio; Wake Forest College, N. Caro-.
lima; Trinity College, North Carolina; Hampden
Sidney College and Washington College, Va, and
Surveyors. 1t is highly recommended by the Pro.
fessors of Mathematics and Engineering in most of
the Military Academies, Universities and Colleges
of the country, and many other gentlemen of high
scientific attainments.
Circulars containging description of the Instu-
ment, price list, and certificates of recommends
ton, will be sent to persons who apply for them.
Orders for instruments filed promptly.
Address K. ID. LILLEY,
feb 1T Staunton, Virginia,
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

WIN. B. IsAACs. WIN. @. TAYLOR. }. @. WILLIAMS.
WILLIAM B. ISAACS & CO.,
KERS,
Corner of Main and Fourteenth streets.
DEALERS IN
COIN, STERLING, BANK NOTES, BONDS,
STOCKS, INLAND BILLS, &c.
COLLECTIONS made on all accessible points in
the United States, Canada and Europe.
STERLING BILLS drawn on Messrs Barring Bros.
& Co., London, from FL upward.
EXCHANGE on Northern Cities, payable in Coin
or Currency, in sums to suit.
DEPOSITS received, against which checks may
be drawn as with the Banks.
OFFICE HoURs-From A. M, to P. M.
ap lily
The central Presbyterian. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1856-1908, 1869-08-18

Il. II. KELLOGG, j. w. GIBSON,
KELLOGG & GIBSON.
Importers, Wholesale and Retail dealers in
CHINA, GLASS, EARTHENWARE,
and HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS.
No. 1907 Main street, Richmond, Va
We have removedto the large and elegant Store
lately occupied by Messrs Butler Son, where,
with increasing facilities and much larger stock,
we are prepared to offer to our friends and the
public, complete assortment of goods in our line
at very low prices.
With grateful thanks for the very liberal patron
age extended to us heretofore, we respectfully soil
cit continuance. KELLOGG Il GIBSON,
ia 18-tf No. 1907 Main St., Eagle Square.