New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-11-22
DIR. LIVINGSTONE.
OF THE NILE SOURCES.

At meeting Of the Royal Geographical society IN
London, on the Sth Sir Roderck Murchison caused
to be read tho following letter, addressed TO Lord
Clarendon by the African explorer, Dr. DAVID
...,,,xo,o,
SOUTH CENTRAL AFRICA, July, 1905
MY IoRp When had the honor OF writing TO you, In
Feb 1867, had the impression that vas tne1 gu sr
watershed between the zdmDes ana elther tno con-
WINGED OF the essential correctness OF t i1 hrs
caIna5 from INTELLIGENT natives think that may safely
that the chief sources OF the Nile arise between ~
degrees anu ~ &c sS hv Pioemy whose river
Rhapta Is probably the Rovuina aware lnaI utIeto
have been mistaken and laying no ealln 70 ~ tie
parts west and northnOrth-w west OF Ianghny ka, ,
these have not yet come under my t Sh 81 nv
you will perceive :hat the springs OF tne o
have hitherto been searched Tor very muon 700 i o
the north They about 400 miles south Oh he most
sonthery portion of the Victoria Nyanza aud lndeeu
south OF ali the lakes except Bangweolo a.
JeaviuO the valley of tho Lcangwa which enters the
Zambesi at ZumbO we climbed up what seemed 10 oe
great mountain mass, but u turned out 70 De oy tne
southern edge OF elevated REGION which IN ron oVU
10 OO feet above the level OF the sea- This upland may
roughly be said to space south OF Lake Iangan
yika of some $50 miles square IL Is generaly GOVERN
with dense or open forest has an unduatg sometimes
hilly surface rich SOIL Is well watered ny %
north and west but have found part OF under 5000
OF altitude The country Of Usango eas. VI
the space Indicated also upland ana aHOrub pahIur
To- the Immense OF cattle Of the Basango re-
markably ghtcolored race very friendly 10 s
yated valley The other western side Is formeu Dy
what are called the Kone mountains beyond ths
copper mines OF Katanga. Still further west anu
beyond the Kone range plateau, our old
acquaintance the 2ambesi, under the name OF
great Valley enclosed between Usango and the Kone
range IL degrees and ~ degrees south IL was
rarely possible there to STAR but accidentally swak
lug Que morning between and o'clock found one
which showed latitude IL degrees 90 minutes SOUTH and
then fairly on the upland Next day we passed
two riyulets running north. As we advanced BROOKS
evidently perennial became numerous Some went east.
ward to fall into the LOangHa; others went northwest
10 iou the river Chabeze. kisled by map calling ths
river in an hand manner "ldmDezi eastern DiaDch
ook IL 10 be- the southern Of that name; but the
Cbambeze with all its branches flows from the eastern
side the center OF tue great upland valley nehoeu'
winch ia probably the valley or the Nile III u an inter
estng river as helping form three lakes and Changing
name three I'm the 500 or 600 miles OF s course
IL was first crossed by the Portuguese who always In
ouired for ivory aud slaves, and heard nothing else
person collected ALL even the hemsay geography vi
Inc Pnrt,euese knew SO little actually the country that
he put large here running 5000 feet UPHILL ana
crossed the Chambeze In 10 deg "a min. south. and
several continents south and north quite as large
the Isis Oxford but running faster aud having mp
pOpotam in them ention these animals peeanse ~
boldly 10 where they lay sure or hndnR not less IMAM
eight feet of water The Chnmbeze runs INTO Lake Bang
nulA The Iuapuia flows down north past the town Of
Gazembe aud twelve miles below II enters Lake Mocro.
mountains OF Rua 1t takes the name LuauDa; ana pass
lug on north forms Uenge the country west
Moerp and where 1t comes out crack In the noun.
ains Of Rua bat quite satisfied that even before
the SObGn from tho BALBOA cOuEtry Is
quite sufficient TO form Uenge, whether that
or sort OF uuJauba division into several branches ns
is maintained by others. These branches are All
gathered up by the Luira-a large river which, by many
Continents drains the western side OF the great valley
have the Luhra but pointed out west OF Ieg
"a purely native Information. Some intelligent men
assert that, when Lura takes up the water OF
Il flows nOrth-nOrthwesi Into Lake Chowamoe' whieh
conjecture TO be that discovered by Mr. Baker Others
think it goes utO Lake lRnghhylka NJ ONI"' huu
still ptsses nOrthward into ChOwamOe by rYer named
LoaIda. These are the paris regarding when suhpepu
my Judgment II error there huu No through w.
snail correct myse , ,sosay nave seen Rong north
does not flow past Tangunyika on the West! u lhust
have from the lake. and In al hkeilhoou W INC
Looking back again the upland. 1t Is well divided
into observation-disclosures, Iobehpa Gpensi Inv =, 49,
Kabulre. Marangu L1da o. Londa and F9n, tnv pJoio
are by the initial Bl' Instead oil tue ,nlua 10
or for country. The Arabs soften ia Into Wa, In nc
cordance with their Suahr dialect tue natives never 90
on the northern slope OF the upland, Hud Oh ie 40
April 1867 1 discovered Lake I1enba; II lies Ia
hollow with precpitous sides 1000 feet down u Is ca
trenoy beautiful sides. top, ana bottom being covered
with trees other vegetation Elephants, bunaloes
ana anteopes feed on tue steep slopes Hho hipopo
taIui, crOcOdes, and hsh swarm Ia the wat"rs Guns
being unknown the elephants unless sometimes deceived
pitfall have all their own way itls AZ perfect
AenOpuOn could have desired On Two
rocky islands TIL the land rear gOats ana eaten s;
the Villages ashore are eiuDO"cfc III Tue panoil pains
of the Vest Ct,st Africa -Four considerable streams
I.yi Al "A. a
burns0 from II To 10 feet broad leap down the steep
clay sChst rocks, ana form splendid cascades.
that made dullcst Of my attendants pause ana re-
mark with wonder measured one OF tho streains,the
ufu-JO miles from It's confluence, ana found IL al fOfd
2gi feet BAY 100 yards broad thigh aud waist deep aud
flowing fast over hardened sandstone nag III september
lac last had fallen on tue l2l OF May Elsewhere
the Lofu requires The BOnzua drives largo
body of smooth wuter into LemDa, bearing Its
face duckweed and grassy islands Thls BODY OF water
be larger than the Lou but au overoclous headman
prevented my seeing more Of 1t and another tha their
broad and from IS To 90 long; IL goes on north-
northwest In riyerlike proOnEati0n two miles
wide 10 is said TO TangaByka would have set II down
arm OF that lake, but that us surface Is 2sU
feet above the level OF he Spoke makes i
feet only tried to follow the riverlike portion but
was prevented by which had broken out between
the chief Of lava and party Of ivory traefs OF hhhL
bar then set of 70 go $50 miles south then west t
gauyika but going ~ miles Iouad tho Arab party.
showed them letter from the sultan OF LanESar' when
owe TO the kind offices OF HIS EIuellohcy sir Bhfle
Prere Governor OF Bombay and was at once supplied WIN
provisions cloth aud beads Ihey showed inc Ereaat
Kindness aud anxiety for my safety aud success. The
heads OF the party readily perceived that continuance
Of hostiities meant shutting up Tue IVORY market Dut
the peacenaKng was tedious process requiring three
aud half mouths was glad To see the mode Of ivory
aud slaveradng OF these men-i formed SUCH perfect
contrast that Of the ru1ans from kiwa, aud TO the
ways Of Portuguese from Lole. who were
conuiyed at In their murders by the Governors Of dAl
After peace was made visited Hisama, the Chief OF
Itawa aud having left the Arabs went on 10 Lake oero,
which / reached on the 6th September, 1861 In the
northern part Moero is from 20 to 80 miles broad Fur
ther south is at least co miles wide anu Is 80 miles long
Ranges Of reocOyered mountains flank IL on both SIDES,
but at the broad part the western mountains d~inde
OF sight. Passing up the eastern side OF hooro We
came 10 CazeDe whose predecessors have been three
times assisted by Portuguese HIS town stands ON the
northeast bank OF the lakelet Motive Ths Is from twoo
es broad and nearly four long IL has several low.
reedy cts and yields plenty Of s-a species OF perch
II Il connected with either the Lnapuls or Mooro
Was 40 days Cazenbes and might then have gone 10
Bangwe0O which larger than either OF the other lakes
but the had act IN and tins lake was reported TO be
very unhealthy Not having grain Of any kind Of mod
cine and fever, without treatment, produced very
symptoms, thought That would DO un'
among US ~ Derbyshiro neck aud eephsnliass scrot
prevail I then north for UJj, where have goods,
and hope letters, for have heard nothing from the
world for more than years; but when got within
10 days Of Tanganyka, wah brought ~ stand still by
the water In the country Ia 'front.'
native party through aud described the country as
tptl ala. ..l...