, 1869-10-20
THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY.
How Its Coustitution Differed from
that OF the UnJ&cd Slntcs-Tfhy tic
Alterations Ncxc chI
hY fka III lkhEx4s

that OF the UnJtcd Sintcs-Nfhy the
Alterations Ncxc 1fhdc--stafr1ncns
by IL. IT, 1khcxt.
1u ths kdisr IT tho He.nphts .igptas:
lEend toa Letter, written sotne time since h5
NJ unc-e, AaHa r. y. I.hes', III answer 70 ceEtaAu
u tbt VARIOUS R1tesastohS u the Conet!sntton Hf
The ontettrafe S,ates ttotn the Constitution Of
tie Clttcd at:atrs. Ia consequence u su@XessinuS
nade ~ him tLat tht: aehises oi the ton,easfa.e
A. ps.tr rec the day, atd 1hat his tta't'ueH', a.
d aac to M, hah better he published no*, while
tnr pfl Il with n'ua a1s atso hna saa Sstssss nss
1t lt*o TO my Publishing hts lcttGt tea,e slvs u
IoGnl in stur e.lu:nLs, ard oalge yo0E oo.alcat
servant, +. y. +. ltA41T,
AEAIula, TENT, Sent 2a ls59-
NE. EELT1 lET1EE.
CaAHLEsso&, E. a., hp.il Is, 1852.
My EEAE 6fC1RT: iru feAueat Ilc 70 t-i0fM
,ou ".e:ttr vas not ths. au.sut u al tie alter
is.u. W., Ct.s.-t,s,itieu u tbe United sttt.a+ |
aisNGs EG; ttlf ss -as tho au:hor Q! part Of
hr1tny t,2te Mat c.apsts in TIC Confederate
St4t. curA1i'tsttt MI. tespnnstte for.
fuu are aSa!e. rrssa;e, NAL Vas appo:nted
.t tsatbc n Aru.aLtnt constitution for the Con.
II. 5. LsAeIn st.:ce had seeded from the Cni-
uspspat,ohs ,f .h. sos,trrn ssaset upoa the Com
:stGtae el The LfsteA etAtes- Cuneerntng the
express powe1a gTan Cd ty sis constsut,on, there
Stats, lcl re Government Of tic Tnitcd s.ates
Which 1ne Southern s:s.ss had opposed ~ nssEpa-
tHEs oa the constitution. beginning with
Eahk. Alien and Seafion lawt, tatl1 AMI internal
!nproseu,enss, nua;Jy :, ceoelndlng ylsn
she!ttrr, to u1aAe the rut- utQtton Of the CNufe6
tr:e Star+ rlu ri. the Constitution Of the Casiel
States, as The au0th Ind stwa.l Interpreted Its
puwt1s. with OILY spca a.ter11lobs - ..pu:i 1c-
II III MIR IN.
tenta- The SOFIA ~se alwass sastsdsd tta the
Constitution a the Cn!teti States When. ~
tts,iEmtIt los: III Character and from unieI
te'et1nent, the Go1tEun4ent or the rn1tei states
W. IT ar,y isIFl''S L;o ilatess drrpoti IN. The
t.e G.pkt1sGf,on of ihe CoLleJe1Ate Staies, 10
rttpt.uafs tie aoytr1nept Transmitted to them
b. tet.s tttlets. Thta was ss who9. pg-;ort'
IRE tht la1ing Of taxes nud the expenditure Of
sax+A. Tesse paxerH Il. eide the character Of
essry gost1nI1f ht whether It u rlnitesl or un-
linHed, federal Or consolidated; hence, from the
conn q ev.E.nt ot the Government OF the Eaites,
S'a.ss rss.t avu+e As 10 the eAeut of IT'S powers
The one Par's. chiefly II, The South, corxnir1
Sta;e+ hesio. CT On t'opqresI, sto lcs5 an, col.
lie! taxes u1les," Ac, Was Isesey 70. re sen1e 10
carr, op the tiurtFbEneri OF INC CnEed States.
Tue her party ch1eny At the North. conteIdet,
thai tht* l'wtr tlo1d he exercised for different
anu aLtakGnt+4ao P1r1ostso prevent ImpJrt lot
Oh xhleb tatts uia4 te collected. sn ssereby p:o
hy EiS ing them the msrte9 OF the Calied 8ta:c
TIE une taify coE.tnufd thxt the e1penditQ1e
n' tht 1axt. fhcud he limited TO tue e1leences Of
the Federal Government merely, within shc objects
| deAtgnsie1 IN the cons.tu1ion. The other party
ded thxt iney should b.. .et PENDED TO pro,
noe ths general tuseIe.t q s29,ms1c @ z % snd The
l. ~ fht. lt4u OF 1ne po1 s4s E38oted 70 Con-
gfsss by the Constitution Of The United Etate4.
stands the tolos trg cause: Section 5 Aniee /,
"Tbe CehSre-& ala1 haze powa 10 lay aud col.
lect taxeA turie<r nupt17s and dxsea. to nay the
! DIS: and provide ior fas common dcItncs aud
| feperal ee1a1p q stu Titled astes'' +Anat-
ttnpt MA made 10 alter the acope Of tois ctsase
| by taktc a*as the comma Il; sne word "exclses.
but On fefe.tuce to The tr4gltal manuscript Of The
CONSTITUTION, the Corma wAS thcWn to be CORRECT
! Mfrsr stIt 70 the convention nj NonsKou-
| ery,1 had prepared . book cunt aiming csFt ain
| snntndnents 10 The Cou.s1tu:lo1 Of the Laised
| lie sis,e.. Tes, M,ok ~as teforr tbc committee
! >teh framed tnt Prorsloha, Constitution OF tho
| Con!ttas rs1e Stairs. 1u 1ha. book the above
| az modified II 9elloKt: =" The Congress saall
kzse pU~ss to my and tntlect taxcs, du,lts, jm;
Ports sta exeises, fos EtEenue necessary 70 PAY
Coufet.erscy..' The canse thus nodded vas re-
ported Is \ Fart Of toe provisional constitution.
snd adopted hy sne convention. Whea tue Com.
this c!anse tor consideration, It wts hdopted q
pat q tbt* Constitution, I'D !epof7ed 70 the
ea;yeL;'Gn: q coLrse - 4 I'D n asse.dy oes9
totszi1aitoD. 1t Ret With no opposition rs rar'
af The permanent constitution: but. coaie17tea
| shsts ned that II ouM not accomplish tia oaIec,
| Of un,iIr iaxalfqn 10 The simple purpose OF rev
1 epre. TO ActomnEeh this object when {ht
/ caukt Has ucdcr cuusidefaIioo Ia the cnnye pttop
oEc,ed The ioiiow1ce proltst,5U1 as IN addition
| "Eat no hEApea xsAu ba Rr1ated
! Top tie TrrarUIT. uor xhall apT d1
t1ef ot tayes an in ttOnf fyTr fofrtn nnton
! b. r1ade 10 nrnnn;e ar tosrrs ant hrtcch Of la
,k,xf-r 80. ~ .rf ~ ra+-Essf II sho ror
r.t,t,Sn "a thr ci,nse IN rhe - snnfe4rrt:c s..i@
| C1Ettltut'on. Afttee !. Section st IL as toilo$a
| "1ht Copcrs.AA thall hare roHef IA la md col
f$cf fn4tf, t.psts.s, tCppF.f and c1ctse4 for ftr
| eIts recttYafT to mar tae den.s provide for III
| ctmncn 1eiet &C. kpd carry on III. Government q
the Coutntefafe tssx:es; ork no bouuuts fnalt b.
I s7anied nrpn the 1ftas1r. aE ana:i at,r St1te.
ur taxes On in porf IRON HxtdRu uat3ou4 b
Iaitf II nrcrsott or f1e,sT a,v lf4u, f fo, .trr
-. any,rnnYt.Y,,in ~ ,norrv f,nrn ttc Tr,.a 4