The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-09-28
TIE CiM2AIGN N ONO.

Sherman PepdfetoH--A Remarkable EX-
position oil StafiGtical Inaccuracies.
senator Sherman, OF Ohio delivered speech IN
Marietta on the oath instant. 1t was simply devoted
TO reply to the late address Of Dir. Pendleton We
quote those points touching on national matters:-
TAXATION.
And now as TO the national taxes, the object OF
Ir. endleton's prolonged whine.
affirm that no system OF taxation has ever been
discovered that, taken rs whole, has been so pro-
dnciive OF revenue. and yet has fallen SO lightly
on the mass Of the people. During the war
have them so; but they have been rapidly
reduced. our internal taxes are now mainly
laid on tho incomes OF the rich and upon the con-
sumption OF whiskey and tobacco. The residue Of
lnternal taxes viii soon be reduced or repealed; but
even they are OF q character not resting upon the
npon the national banks yielding over Se,oOJO00 10
the United states aud Ike amount 70 the states
The tax on sales IL confined TO the larger deaiers
and those whose sales are small are entirely e1
empted. The special tax on employments, called
The license tax, falls exclusively upon elploJments
which are supposed to yield large profits without
manual labor and the tax On stamps Is almost ex
levied on any article In common use among the
people ard produced In the United states. These
ton TO declaim against these taxes as oppressive
when every intelligent person can see that they
have been carefully adjusted so as TO fail upon those
best able to pay, and upon whiskey and tobacco, re-
Sarded everywhere as the proper game for taxation.
TARIFF ITEMS.
But Mr.. Pendleton lights upon the tariff, and In
this connection INDUCES IN sneer at Lay expense.
tie says that truly say that never knew the differ.
ence between revenue tara ana q protective tariff
cet Then he selects certain articles TO illustrate
ms wisdom.
are admitted duty free. Well this was always so,
under democratic tariffs ana wing tariffs, under
revenue and protective tariffs. Why? Because they
are the productions OF nature end are made vau.
able only by the labor put upon them
nT nsy en ner t esn We s n naa p e
under the democratic tariff OF lsi6, and the reason
because The articles are so easily smugged that they
Will not bear higher dDty.
lie complains that the duty on Jewelry is only
twenty-five per cent. Wen. the democratic duty was
Only twenty five per cent And this was because
their small bulk makes smuggling easy-and even
the present rate Is too high to secure much
He complains OF the specific duty on wool and
WOODEN goods. Wen, way was thls9 Until recently
woollen Goods at an average I'D vaiorem duty. me
farmers or ONO and the West complained with rea-
son that the cheap South American woods were
brought into direct competition with our Western
wool, ana demanded that it should be treated like
other foreign productions and pay duty. Upon
their demand we did place duty Of twelve to four
teen cents on foreign wool and a corresponding duty
ON imported wooien cloth. But Mr. Pendet0h says
the duty on WOollen Cloth was fifty cents pound.
Sc 1t Is, but 1t takes four pounds Of south American
wool to make ore pound Of cloth. Tnat wool Is so
mixed with art bprrs, &C.. that, as imported, It
contains threofourhs OF its weight an such impuri.
ties 10 avoid 1raud by cleansing 10 of this dirt we
provl1e mat IL IL Is advanced In value Dy cleansing
tue duty shall be propOrtionateiy increased, the
specific duty on woollen goods isprecsey equivalent
70 the Hpeclic duty on WOOL.
lie says the fine ahawis worn by the rich pays only
TWENTY-FIVE per cent TINS Is not tr1e. Tie duty IL
sixty per cent
But his chief complaint is the duty on salt, which
ne states az 25 per cent AMI he ADDS that the duty
advances he price OF domestic salt to the consumer
tweDty-tbroe to fortyeight cents per bushel NOW
the duty on salt In buk IL eighteen cents per 100
pounds, and IN bags twentylour cents per 100
pound. bushe OF SAT- Is iifty pounds so mat the
duty IS niue cents bushel In bulk, Twelve cents a
'bnshel when 10 sacks; and this duty yielded us
fp tnrfn ~
Levied duty OF twenty per cent on salt. We sub.
atltuted SPECIFIC duty of eighteen TO twenty -iour
cents. Now 10 80 happens that the duty levied on
salt Is entirely levied on the New England States and
Atlantic cities. Wtb or without duty the salt used
valley. or IN Western New York or Michigan. The
freight from New York 70 any place In ohio Is more
than me duty and Is itSeh the sure protection OF our
j have just beep IN The salt regions CT Pomeroy
al e ascertain t1at the price Of salt az the works Ii
no out thirty three cents bushei. The duty is nine
cen ~ Oh adding tie gold premium, is less than the
avevge rate Of duty on other articles. and that tho
prceset salt this day Is about wnat II was for eve
years under the old tariff.
+, But Mr. Pendleton objects that The New England
fishermen do not pay THIS duty salt. This Is true;
I. salt used In preserving fish caught OF they
use foreign sait without paying duty. This IS to
h uSs aid ~ The u IOfe e ev pae
bonn y to these same fishermen OF four hundred
thous. md doals year. several times ne amount
and allowed them drawback on tho salt con.
'u Now N. Sc are the chief accusations OF Mr.. Pen
aleon sgai, 1st the tariff. lie jumbes the revenue
duties Oh tea sugar and coffee with them, which 90
SurDish tnoide 7tal protection to our industry and
clearly shows t1at he does not know the difference
between TIE pro, lection and revenue duty and does
not correctly slate the existing rates or the old demo.
cratic rates under the tariff 1886.
SNoW our tarin laws, though embracing q multi
q details are fouli. led upon simple principles.
y. produce the highest amount OF revenue
amount OF IMPORTATION. We substi.
.yalorem d,. lies TO guard against
>nllghest dLties on articles Of