The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1869-07-21

thing is sold that man nceds for his
temporal wants and evils, and the
price is labor. The mind of man
must work upon matter and dig out
his supplies-in other words acquire
knowledge, and apply it in relieving
his necessities and sufferings.
She has her apothecary store, as
we'll as her grocery, her market, her
| dry-goodo store, her machine shops.
Mental and bodily labor, in the ac-
quisition and application of knowl-
edge, will furnish the remedies for
disease, and the means for removing
sterility, for cultivatiug and cnriching
the soil, for removing the causes of
malaria and the drudgery of toll.
Compare the nineteenth century with
tho tenth, and observe how knowledge
has developed the nature of man, re-
moved physical evil and suffering, and
added to the sum Of human happiness.
But for knowledge man were savage,
or barbarian. How true it is that
men are destroyed for lack of knowl-
edge! They perish by disease and
pestilencc, by drudging and exhaust
ing toll. The mind is starved for
want Of food, aud poisoned with error.
Most meu have capacities for receiv-
ing the treasures Of Science, Philoso.
ply, Poetry, Art and Music, if they
were only developed and furnished
with knowledge. But they perish for
lack Of knowledge. Their intcllectu-
al faculties are practically extinguish-
ed.
! 8. We pass to consider mans social
wants and miscries. We do not do
sign to introduce here o discussion Of
political economy, or civil government.
We merely allude to these branches
of knowledge to show how the doctrine
of the text applies to mans social
condition.
Man was made for society. Our
Creator has bound us together by mu-
tual relations, and made us mutually
dependent, out of these relations arise
manifold wants-all that is essential
to an'enlightened civilization. Hence
we need not only knowledge of the
facts of nature the laws and proper
ties of matter, but thorough knowl-
edge of the nature of man and his
social relationship principles and
laws of the social organization-"the
conditions under which association
shall be maintained, whereby each
member may, according to his position
and ability, best satisfy his wants and
hio oor,l;t:n,, -
! 1t cannot be doubted that the foun.
dation of material prosperity ia avcalh,
the fundamental idea of which is the
means of gratifying desire. The first
thing essential to wealth is production,
which implies such modification of
the materials God has given us, as to
adapt them to satisfy our wants. An
other thing essential to wealth is e:r.
change, by which we receive the bene-
fits of each others production. This
is effected by division of labor.
That every man may receive his just
proportion of wealth, there must be
laws of distribution and consumption.
But in o,dsr to production, there
must be facilities for changing the
form of matter, such as machinery,
mills, factories, tools. In order to
exchange, there must be facilities for
communication and transportation,
such as roads, bridges, canals, wagons,
railroads, ships /; and circulating
medium of exchange, money, and
banks. Consider the vast amount of
knowledge involved in the construc-
tion of this complicated system of
society--the knowledge necessary to
keep the whole machinery of modern
civilization in motion. Consider the
number of wants supplied, tho desires
gratiied, the amount of temporal com
fort and happiness promoted. In the
distribution and consumption Of
wealth, by taxation. Consider,
again, the extent to which the physi-
cal, intellectual and moral wants are
supplied by public education, by re.
moving pauporism, by maintaining
religious worship,by providing for the
aged and infirm, the widow and or
phan, the insane and the blind.
Looking to the social relations as
a1ected by the fall, we lind them sad.
ly deranged. Under the dominion of
passion and lust, man, in his natural
condition, has but little respect for
the life, liberty, property and happi-
ness Of HE neighbor. The solfshnoss,
avarice, rapacity and cruelty Of man
has filed society with thieves, rob-
bers, murderers, libertines, SO that the
very existence of society demands
some eifectuai mode Of protecting the
rights of Individuals. God has or
dained civil government for this end, !,
and left it to man to discover the
principles and laws, as revealed in
nature, and republisbed in tho moral
law. We must construct our science
of government for ourselves, just as
we construct any science---from given
facts and relations. deduce principles
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