New-York tribune., 1869-01-02

last week Of December Opinion to-day nclines t,
the side Of there being no war; However. England
is not likely TO defend Turkey again through lear O
| Russia getting to ConStantnople
TURKEY.
| AMERICAN INTERESTS IN TURKEY-PUBLIC IN
Observation-Disclosures COLLEGE
RAILROAD TO ADRIANoPLE.
| IFROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT
CONsTANIINorIE, NoY. .25.-Hitherto it has been I'M
possible for any American interest TO get, much less
to maintain, q foot-lold in Turkey. Thirty yeare
ago. Eckford and Rhodes were the Sultan's Naval
Architects and they constructed some Of tie finest
ships of then existing in the world. French and
English influence was put forth 10 dispace them but
so long as Sultan Mahmoud lived this was impos'
sible. He not only knew their ability and worth,
but he had personal likingfo the mon As soon rs
he died. all American employees, with the exception
of Mr.. Hedden of the Mint. were dismissed Since
then. many American schemes have been attempted,
but all the influence Of England and France has
gone dead against them and if this has not been
enough bribery has given the coup de grace in the
end. steam-ferry across the Bosphorus. from the
European to tho Asiatio shore, has often been pro
posed by Americans having both the enterprise and
the capital TO accomplish 1t. Steamers pass IN sur
ficient numbers but without being capable OF taking
either horse or carriage. 4 mysterious opposition
has always banked every such effort. The com,
~
horses want il. powerful steam company which
has the navigation or the Bosphorus opposes H. ana
will neither take it up, nor # possible, alo others
TO do it. The Sultan himself has now become IN
terested in it, and the said company must yield 10
imperal wishes. One The other OF the American
parties will doubtless have the honor and the prOht
of showing the Turks fioatingbridge, and all tho
elite of the capital will be rushing over on hOrseba
and in carriages, aTabas and toekas, to enjoy the
charming rides on the Asiatic side.
Another American enterprise has recently turned
up in the form of a Mormon He has revelation 10
communicate TO the Sultan or rather he has two rev
elatloDs, one from the Prophet Canaan y, ana inc
other from Mahomet. With all this absurdlty he has
the tact and faculty OF mpressing people with con-
| vetiOn of his sincerity.
Robert College has often been referred TO as one Of
| the American interests IN COnstantnople. lt was
founded by C. Il. Robert esq, OF New-fork, nearly
| ten years ago. About seven years ago leave was
obtained from the Sublime Porte to erect the neces
| sary buildings upon specified site. The site was
consequently purchased and when the money, about
g. COO had been paid the building operations were
| nterdicted His Highness tho Grand Vizer was
doubtless influenced mainly by French opposition in
! taking such an extraordinary course lie has now
reversed his decision, and the College Is established
| by a royal "hodeh," or order.
The Council Of State Is preparing law for tho
Empire in the sense of making education obligatory
How IL viii manage all lts reg0ns and natlOnallcs
is not vet known whether II VIII attempt II for
any portion except the Mussulman. Every Turk of
any INTEL gence or information knows that the
rious Christian populations have more education,
more schools, books enterprise and progress than
the Turkish. An effort is now being made TO provide
in the interior 1t is gigantic work where so itie
has been done, and where the indifference OF the
people will make success thing OF slow and labori-
Ous attainment. The effort, however, VIII DO good,
and cannot do evil. Many Of the reforms attempted
have been evil and only evil in their results. Road
making, for instance has been attempted at various
points. But do not know q single road that has
not been unmitigated curse 10 all the
region through which IL has passed. The last road
finished was the macamiZed road from NIcOmedia to
Adobozar 1t is splendid road for most of the way
1t has 10 culgerts, OF small bridges broken down,
sunk in the mud, and they have been in this state
months without 9n effort at repair. The province
through which IL passed exhausted by terrible
exactons for three successive years in building the
road, and now if attempts 10 use il he is driven
| into the mud ju1 where he most needs a firm road
The old route passable after fashion until the
new one cut 1t in two at various points, and having
deep bitches, carriage cannot pass They have
! fragments of two roads and no road at all Reforms
! have generally gone the same way. They have
broken down, engulling great interests III ruin. But
this effort for education although 1t may have but
limited success viii not be disastrous. 1t will at
! at least do some good and no evil.
| A German and French company have commenced
the road TO AdTanope, and an immense number of la
borers have gone from the Oyercrowded capital 10
work upon it. Railroads have thus far been losing
| concerns i'll Turkey. Badly made and worse
aged, they have brought 70 grief those who have in
vested in them The AdIianOple road will doubtless
follow the same track and its stockholders with
| A case ~ pending in the Tidjaret Mixed
Court of considerable interest independent Of the
| amount at stake-s0me $4,000 The cOmplaiBants
| are two ndturalzed AneTlCans-the question in dis
pute the fulhllment non fulfllment of contract
for large fam and Touring mills belonging to two
Pashas Of high character and influence. The court
TO try all mixed cases is organized on tho principle of
| a commission of well-known and experienced men
from the chief natiOnalitee foreign and native. In
this case it happens there is but one Turk in
! the whole court. Although two powerful
Pashas are interested, the usual elements of all
| judicial proceedings are completely reversed, and
| the Christian element predOminates ever the Mo-
| hammedan. Another innovation which promises
good results, The witnesses are examined and the
cause is argued by regular advocates, mon who have
made the law. both Turkish and European, thorough
study. Hitherto the court has been mixed concern
with "a veDgeanoe the distinction between judge, ad-
vocate complainant defendant, and witnesses being
often 20 obliter2ted that the court chaos. IL
| seems to be now well Organized and attentive to
business. The opinion Is that the of power will
lose their case and right will conquer might. This
is sign OF progress which should be put down u
| the credit of the Turkish Government.
| THE DUKE DE MONTPENSIER AND GEN
| FRIM.
The Madrid correspondent of The Post says
that Mr.. Renters kilograms concerning ths Duke Of
Nontpensier have not sats6ed public opinion. because
few will believe tiat cautious and hesatlng q man
as Antoine dOrlcans would have ventured to into
the center OF Spain unless no had been previously invited
by Serrano IL Is remarked that the telegram OF Gen
PrD, ordering the Duke OF MOntpenser 20 leave the
Kingdom Immediately s couched In peremptOry language
while those OF the other Ministers sud0usly respect
full IL Is true that the Duke OF the captain
generals OF the Spanish army, s OF Prims subOrdn
the Dukes ehgerness 70 cooperate in military operations
against the people IL H. however probable that HE
Royal Hghness meant to avail himself OF his personal
influence In ADdaluala TO bring 0bsut capItulatIon
honorable 10 all parties and thus make himself tho hero
OF the circumstance but It is evident that the Govern
nent has now other views, and will neither let him