The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-12-19
NEW YORK HERALD SUNDAY DECEMBER 49, lse9-TRPLE

20 the Roman people Az legal marra a c tnns
only ne contracted oy free citizens INC IN the
.'cOncublnes.n GIbpOn says.-"A concupne, ~ Wy
strict sense OF the civilians, was woman " se
or plebean extraction, the sole ann Ialsu, ou
pauop of a Roman citizen, who con'lnueu 10 eaN
of ceIlpacy Her modest station below the nonors
OF n vile ABOVE the Inlamy OF lewdness, wa
acknowledged and approved by the laws. FROM
the age OF Augustus to the tenth century the use OF
tlis secondary marriage prevailed, both III tne est
and East, and the humble virtues Oh coucuoin
| were olen preferred TO the pomp and lnsoence OF
| a pobe NATION. In this connection the TWO
Antonnes the best OF princes, and OF men VINO en-
loved the comforts domestic lie, the example was
Initiated by many citizens Impatient OF celoacy pue
regardiul OF taeir amilies. II ~ any time lcy ue-
fired legmatze their ma ural children the con
version instantly performed by tine cseprntion
OF Their nuptals with partner whose Iatnluiness
and fidelity they had already tried" me edict OF
Constantine iirst conferred TINS right. Rewards
prescribed for cehoacy.
Among the duties Of the censors was that Of levy
rag nnes upon the male citIzen who, against ire
puonc veal persisted IN remaining unmarried. Tue
censure or Cam,llus and Posthumus tB. Z. 4u3l was
ce'eorate0 Tor The patriotic vgor with when tn,s
inqusitlon made. In process OF lime the milder
method o. encouraging marriage by AWARDS was III
uoduced the earliest mention OF winch Is III speech
disciple Censor IN the year 200 b. o. Atths tIme GER
tain immuntles already granted to the fathers OF
eglumate clild en- but says Merlvale, 1.-The In
creasng tendency to ceibacy became so marked
that at the period OF the Graccnl an alarm was
sounded that the old Roman race was becoming
rapidly eXtmgushed." Mervale says "ine Censor
ID. ".
pounded the evil to the Senate 10 speech which
seems 10 have been among the most curious produc-
tiuns OF antiquity Could we exist without wives AT
ALL IL began, doubtless we should oil rid ourselves
OF The plaque they are TO u.s. since, however, nature
has creed that cannot dispense with the innic
ton to bear t%uanfully and rather look to
Reranen. CONSERVATION Of the State tnan 10 our
own transient SATISFACTION II ls still more curious,
perhaps" eontnnes the historian, THAT above
hundred Years afterwards Augustus should have
ventured to recite IN the polished Senate OF his own
generation the cynical invective OF ruder age But
so Il WAS, that when the legislation OF julius CAESAR
was found Intellectual for controlling the stii grow
ing evil, 1t was reinforced by his successor with
fresh Penalties and rewards, aud the otter measure
recommended 10y the arguments and even the IAN
gaage OF the ancient Censor.p
Ii The twelfth year 0. the return OF Augustus to
Rome he caused the Senate to pass new law OF
Increased stringcncy by which the marriage OF male
citilens OF competent age was positively required.
herivae says:--"ihree years grace was allowed Tor
nia&iug eaoice and settling prenmlnarles; but
when Inc allotted interval was expired II was ounu
eNpedent to pro!ong 1t Tor two years more; from
time 70 time further respite seems to have
been conceded, and we shall lind the En-.
peror sun struggling, almost to the close OF
MS ne 10 impose lhls inJolctabe restraint upon the
liberty or license OF the times.n The perverse suo-
Jects uf this domestic legislation sought To evaoe
marriage by entering into 1t and then resortng TO
divorce :ts another means OF escaping the require
ments Of the law. But the vigiant Augustus APP
pointed oneruus forms Tor the legal separation OF
married persons and after the divorce had taken
place the parties fell again under the PROVISIONS "
The marriage law and were required to hnd them
selves fresh consorts within u specified interval.
Augustus adopted another mode OF bringing the re.
iuclant citzens WITHIN the pae OF the marriage
BY the nnlcton or penalties aud Disgrace upon I'M
chastity beyond II. Now for the first Cme adultery,
which had been LETT to he punished by the
branded AS crime against tue State, as u kind OF
treason. lie also alter tle examples OF his pre-
deccssors In the censorship, xed scale OF expense
for tile luXuries OF the table and pretended 20
regulate the taste Of the women Tor personal
ments. They were arbitrarily excluded from 30 ne
public exhibitions, but at the gaditatoral SHOWS,
q an no
assigned them TO the hinder rows the least fav0raDe
Tor seeing OF beng seen.
AS to the general tone and state OF life among the
Romans at thas time AerIvale says-'.With Lne age
OF Augustus commenced an era Of personal aiecta-
ton. graceful address, splendid equ,paae, a
distinguished AR, stamped che candidate Tor popu.
lar admiration success IN the counterfeit congess
OF the deciamer's school or before the partial
mai OF social audience, conlented the ardent
aspirants Tor lame or nosorlety The tone OF this
Class was indeed far more Human and polls led than
II lad been hty years earlier. Ine young noDlty OF
SIKH In the use oi deadly weapons was no longer
their point vi honor, while the exercises OF the
Campus Martius served only TO exhibit Gne ngure
or compexio0, aud the last shadows OF faction
cast upon tue coutesis Oh LIE circus. Bota ana
women crowded the theatres 10 be seen rather tnaa
10 see Love maAing succeeded 70 arms, verse
maaing 10 eioquence, vanity TO ambition,
pride OF noscret to thirst Tor giorl.
danged Ia tue tran OF LADIES' oracles or c5teres
the observed Of aristocrac reunions, the lattery
tue dlawiag rooaI was reduced TO a system and
colrtsnip between the Sc taught as an art sue
cess ia AFFAIRS OF saanJry became a tiJe u distnc
tOn, ana score Il brave young NOODLES iaa siege 10
the heart VI princess wno wouu formerly nave
emuated one ahoSler III sJorDlng "A royal Fortress
such were the last days OF Rome-9litterins, false
hollow, corrupt
TIE rRECsrrs or CHRISTIANITY.
II Is undoubtedly true that the prccepts OF Christ
AM MS Apostles regarding te social relations
more readily accepted because OF the examples and
experiences or Inc l,oman people apoat period
OF the commencement OF tue Christian era. In 81.
Matthew'S record OF the ce.eorated sermon on the
ri Allf
adultery aud divorce. Alterwarus the fnlrisecs
met Jesus on the further SHE OF Joran ana asked
hIin II IL were lawful for u man to put away his
wfe, referring TO the law oil Moses. DeGt XXiv Isl
.'And Jesus answered and saii unto them, Tor the
hardness OF your heart he wroJe tnls prece pit but
from the beginning OF the creati0n God MADE them
male and female. For this cause snail O man leave
MS 1atner and mother and cieiye TO MS wife, And
they twain shall he one nesh. what GOD hath joined
together let TO maa put asuader.N ozark A., z-iJ)
sc. Paul, IN ais Eplsle a. Corinthians Xi, W, says
that Neither was the man created Tor the woman
but the woinaa for the man,, aud again sai1,
"Nives suomi yourselves unsD your own husbands
IA unto the LORD. For the husband Is tue head or
the wife, even Us Christ the head OF the Church.
and lie is the Saviour oI the BODY. Therefore, the
CDurcn Is subject unto Christ SO let the wives
tneir own busoands III everything" tEphesiaEs ",
22-26.i Aud agaiD, Ia the thrty-tnird verse, .Anu
tue wife see tDat she reverence ner huaband.h
Wherever the Christian religion existea taese doc
trnes OF Christ and his Apostles were found tue
most pronlneut Heace the great prosperity ana
happiness OF all nations that are guidsd " the
divine ordinances of Christianity. me Christian
were allowed by It's tribunals. From the early nitro.
ducton or Christianity IN Europe up 10 Tie time Of
Justinian, A. u. 535 the husband acquired all the
property OF the wife sue held III tue vi the
rage and aii that she ACQUIRED afterwards. but
Justinian coue changed Tue law 80 mat husband
and WIFE were considered as distinct peTson5 aud
could sue ana he sued without nun, ana lucy
couia sue each other, anu the contracts VI
not budlng on ine Other. on the ls:overy IN 1877
VI the Pandects,n or digest OF tue civi Jaw, made
by order o. Juslinian, the revival OF the study
the ciVil law oeean III ltaly ana Ia vatious parts %
Europe aa1 IRON tnls code Is derived tue cJluinu-
nIiy or partnership system OF husband ANA wile
which now prevails IN France spain lad tile Neither
lands, aad mas been carried ~ the,r COLO.
MES.
MARRIAGE IN ENGLAND.
AZ the time OF the revival and INTRODUCTION Of the
civil law Ill Europe tue common law vi England
hal become so nrhlly established aud 80 mucu re-
spcctad by the Britons thai the ciyi law was moi
allowed 10 adect IL. In speaking oi tue comm on
law Lord Bacon said:-"Uur laws are mixed as our
language and as our language Is mucn the rcner
the laws are The more conpete.n Ine RELATION OF
husband and wife, a. DENIED 10y Ghrlst AMI dis
Apostles, was part OF the common Jaw; for Bla X.