The Newberry herald. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1865-1884, 1869-11-24


checks the advance Of tho crop and tends
to produce a second growth, tho bolls of
which will DO immature at tho coming OF
frost. Tho chief improvement on the
old modes Of culture that can bo made, is
in tho rapidtty and evonness Of planting,
and in tho first working. On cotton
planted early, or by the middle Of April,
and we'll tended, tho blossoms begin to
show by the middle and last days Of
June. If the previous cultivation has
been thorough, tho crop Gun be laid by,
tho last of July. In August tho picking
season is at hand, and harvesting should
begin. when picker can gather fifty
pounds. .. ., r.. =
There arc two leading varieties Of cot.
ton grown in tho South, wiz: the Long
Staple or Soa Island, and the Short Staple
or Upland Cotton. Of the latter, no.
thing moro need be said than that it is
grown almost exclusively throughout
tho cotton region. The sca.coast of
South Carolina, Gcorgin aud Florida,
with the adjacent Sou Islands is the most
favorable part Of the United States MS
regards b tn soil and Climate for tho pro-
duction OF "Scn Island Cotton"
Edsto Island is preferable, as it is tho
most productive Of any part Of the Sea
Islands or Coast, for the production of
the Long Staple. Sea Island cotton is
planted from March twentieth to April
tenth, upon beds fivo feet apart ono way,
by from eight to twenty four inches the
other, according to tho richness Of soil.
1t is cultivated very much tho Same as
upland, except that moro reliance is
placed upon tho hoe, and less upon the
pillow. Tho cultivation Of the Sea Island
is local, and the amount produced in this
country, as compared with the upland or
green seed, is as one to one hundred.
Within the last four years, there has
been quito a demand for improved W.
ricties Of cotton seed, which has probn.
oily enabled number Of enterprislng
planters throughout the South to realize
handsome fortunes. 1t is certainly prac-
ticablo for every cotton grower by sclcc.
ton, improvement, and judicions culivn.
tion to produce an improved seed. In
general, it may be said that cotton is i'm.
proved by cullivating tho plant in the
best manner, and then selecting from
each stalk those bolis which arc the arg-
est, tho finest, md the most perfectly
matured.. Probably as much depends
gtaanee," %itti' respect to the Improvement
Of cotton seed. Choice varieties have
never been grown from the rank, moist
lands of the Mississippi valley, but We
have known Of the best varieties Of i'm
proved seed to como from the vicinity Of
Vicksburg. Every cotton grower who
1ultivatcs a good cotton soil can, in few
years, produce choice variety of cotton
seed by taking pains with any Of the or.
dinary seed. In selecting, which Is from
tho boiis that open before Frost, regard
may be had to the number Of bols upon
the plant, or to tho tineness and softncss
Of tho sample. BY selecting the former,
he may produce n seed famous for its pro-
ductiveness; by taking the latter, the
variety may havo high rcputc for the
superior qualily of the lint. All the i'm.
proved varieties ara quito certain to dc:
teriorate or run ont in fow years unless
the same pains are taken to sustain tho
character of tho seed that were used to
produce it,
With cotton at an average Of ten cents
per pound, the South for thirty ycnrs be.
fore tho war, was rapidly increasing in
wealth now, with cotton ut more than
twice that price, it is not credible that
political differences and uncertainties chi,
long arrest the march Of the great laws
Of political economy. It requires little
sagacity to predict that this transition
state cannot last long. Society is rigid!y
controlled by its material interest, and
there must be large influx Of both pop.
ulation and wealth into the cotton States.
The South should produce the greater
part Of the palmer and coarscr Gbrics
necessary, for her consumption. The
only difficulty to be overcome in order
to the establishment Of m effective and
adequate system Of manufactures for the
South, is that ofpopnlation. Operatives
are wanting. and those from the class
from which operatives arc produced.
But large immigration Of people, not
! " ;;vu,,vG 20 the culture Of the soil, will en-.
able the South to do moro thnn manu
facturo her own clothes. The enter.
priso and outlay to enable her to do this
being moderate, the immense advantages
to be secured by such a cause must bt
forced upon the attention Of the citizens
Of our own State, who arc guided by Il
wise and enlightened self interest.
The experience Of the world. sincc The
outbreak of our civil war, has established
the great superiority Of the South as til.
cotton growing region Of The world. Bu,
VIC claim, for tho State Of South Carolina
superiority over any Other cotton Suite
from the fact, TINT the short staple cot.o:
is never affected by boil worm, catterpil
lar, &C., nor overIlows 10y high water
never failing to make cotton crop. And
q, havo stated before, by proper cult
vatjon and proper system Of manuring
wo can very easily make our lands produce
two bales OF cotton to the acre. South
Carolina is tho garden spot Of the world
IN South Carolina, we have vacan
lands enough to support more than donbl
hor present population; and here thou
sands Of acres await the onward narcl
Of that grand army of lahorera that shaI
level tho forests, turn tho sod, plant
cultivate and gather the crop, who's
snowy fibre, twisted by billions of spin
dlos, shall form tho clothing Of the race
Lot us not dsspond but 60 to wor1
patiently to develop our RESOURCES, in
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