New-York tribune., 1869-06-04

of the West shall empty their rich at feet
and that route which will carry the produce Of the agr
eulturis cheaply to market Is the one which, by
aordng greater remuneration to the producer as the
result Of his labor enhances the value Of his land ana
adds to the national wealth
1t is for this consider the freedom and enlarge
ment OF that great natural water cOmmunicationthe
lakes aud the river ST. Lawrenceas one OF the m0st I'M III
pOrtant and prominent questions Of the day ~ py
throwing that outlet open 10 our competition reghs Tor
example, could be cheapened from Minnesota 70 aine
water but FIVE cents bushel what an at once
all the agricultural lands Of the West wpae arssentS
present. Five cents bushel saved In tregt least
TO the farmer increased return for ms % ~ mar cent
per acre This represents the interest az AZ bv the
he ordinary Western INTEREST," on W t%,9Sts you prac-
simple saving Of five cents bushei IN H. influence no
tically raise the value OF all lands w m I've saId In iIns
less sum than $40 acre Neeu NeeuIta money value OF
traton OF the Importance, the aOso no nbtai1ed And
any route by which such results can 10 aanca 70
ndspuable that it Is 81 oa3s mo 10 its European market
art ear bV the Gulf OF st. Lawrence or by the
1J uusoh canal from Oswego or whether you hoat
produce down the ST. Lawrence ana the muG ~ du' All All
es ~ 6ssess advantages; but 1t Is the cheapest
ronte that wi by the great lmmnaDie laws Oh lauo,
the commerce; and 1t that fact the reality
~ nan communication, that really interests us here
V be wealth Of the country Is our wealth. ana mere III
The great center OF capital OF money, and OF eKchahge
we stten upon commerce eOextensye with the continent
itself ...u,.. -, NM, ,,,,oyn,S v,pxrr
The prlce of wheat in the English market Is regulated
by demand and the supply there CONVINCED as we
of the monetary exchanges OF the world, lying
as this magnificent city does midway between
change the fact that England win always be able far
concerned, TO regulate tho price she VIII pay
for the breadsufs she consumes because Oh the cSg
tOn she command by the large iuaIKet sue ~ d
The surplus wheat OF America Is not all sne mas 70 Se
eompetiior in supplying Europe with grain is Russia
and il is the competition between the wheat OF ue paV
and the wheat Of America IN the English market tnat
fixes the price there The Russian Government, with
arseeng sagacity strainng every nerve to place ls
nr6e and in the greatest quantity. For this purpose
vast system Of railways is now being carried out In Rus
into competon with the grain Of that country upon far
less advantageous terms than at present nave hos
this branch Of the subject l merely mention It to
awaken the public mind 10 tho fact that In the lheu
Of Composition than ever before in the markets
across the Atlantic and that unless we adopt means OF
Toute by which we can reach tho European market with
the least expense will find ourselves eXclu1ed from
Soe When the grand system Of Russian railways opens
up that cyclopean territory. and enables the hlpmd
banks OF the Thames and the Seine In unlimited quantity
We will be brought face to face with sharp competition
The free navigation OF the St. Lawrence s therefore,
matter OF necessity to the growth and prosperity OF the
Northwest Already, the various channels or commune
cation for the produce Of that section 10 dewaer are
wded beyond their capacity at certain periods OF the
fbeIa scale will be sufficient for the future. For my
part In favor Of having as many routes as possible
nication viii be found to be the cheapest It will be used
not the cheapest then that route which is the most
Dozen nav. Gftv new routes If possible Every new
which will tend to lower the cost OF
freighs on produce, is national blessing and an nstru-
ment in developing the prosperity OF our country
THE CANADIAN INsHoRE FISHERIES.
Upon the second point the freedom Oh te nsnore nsn
consequence the enlarged nursery OF seamen which
prosperous trade Will induce the affangement OF TINS
matter will remove an irritating subject between our
selves neighbOrs; and the settlement OF the ques
G9 49, 5N asFeCS beTe Ro n sEf 81 definite The
periodical e1humatOn OF the disputed Interpretation Ot
the treaty Of 1915 which preceded the negotiation OF the
Convention Of 1884, Is again threatened now that that
agreement has been terminated. Under the uudspued
Interpretation OF our rights In t1e 0i INC
Gulf aside from the contrayened eXPheaQn OF the feay
Of 1919 fishermen are excluded IRON the Gun shores
Canadian Government with the concurrence Of the I'm
peral authorities permits license system az present.
which enables fishermen 10 fish Tor OF take, dry,
or cure any fish OF any kind whatever in British waters,
within three marine miles OF any OF the coasts pays
system undoubtedly. 80 far prevented elimination
OF that feeling which, up 10 1884, led almost to open
inces But the Canadian Government has given notice
that considers the censefoe as wholly unequal TO the
ID is mere nominal sum- recognition OF our right 70
the sheries and that the license system is only tenn
general trade arrangements are concltded with US.
We now come to the thrd matter, and upon which
alone United States have really anything to offer
alinde 10 the feature Of reciprocal trade the inter
change Of natural products OF the soil OF the TWO coun
The broad general fact is undOubted that already
export the West Indies TO South America and 70 Eu-
also to SELL we would not under circumstances pur
chase from her for our own consumption any OF the pro-
some points might render It desirable Thus for exam
ple II we purchase the fish and coal OF Nova Scotia for
Consumption in our Eastern States We sell western Can
ada both coal and fish In at least as great quantities
Ihese p1rGnaSes sTS @ o miles Along our from
tier and 10 the consumers on either side Of the ne
Confederation Of the great bulk Of tie trade these cur
rents are OF secondary Importance
The purchase OF wheat and corn or other articles OF
produce II made TO any extent would simply be 10 add
to the bulk OF EXPORTS that Ia TO say we should pur
chase this produce and manipulate IT, as the
Of the real purchaser the European consumer ~ Is not
necessary 10 go over the ground 70 show that We
do not mere regulate the price tha IS pad "a england or
the grain We sell there Ihat regulated repeat by
the demand in England and the sharp competition there
with the grams OF Northern Europe II We refuse 70
transport forward the surplus Grains Of Canada to the
European market, they will doubtless nnd their way
the without aid moved by the identcal money that
would move them we we're the ectye agents. Although
Is our enterprise and credit that move our surplus
crops TO tidewater yet after ALL II Is the money OF the
ultimate purchaser and consumer that really does IT,
The farmer In Illinois, for example, sells his grain In CHI
SasO s9d '1S 9orwafd IL here by bills on Wien
reaches here we pay for Il and send it to Europe by bills
the profits which from handling this produces but
il s sOphsry deny that the money is really furnished
the ocean TO pay debts, must send the money 50
that the same conclusion is arrived at.
There Is ono important exception 10 be made IN the
general statement that the products OF Canada would
be mostly purchased 10 add 70 the volume OF our
canada is not only absolutely essential TO u.s. but the
turns show that notwithstanding the imposition Of
United States duty 20 per cent since the a9rogaon Of
the reciprocity treaty have purchased for own
consumption larger quantities OF Canadian pine lumber
than ever and paid, IN addition, the duty thereon.
report sent 70 Congress last year by the Secretary OF
the Treasury In speaking upon the subject OF the mpOr
tations OF pine lumber from Canada, says:
Now that Of blaine have tse extent desnd
pine timber Eastern States must depend the uehss Of tie
Ovt Valley time calculation
he relative eo, WiIcousu Michigan
Ninpsots bs EAsn and the cost Of feghtnR from
OtWa 10 ths same destination the
which 10 the Of things would not be the Weeo States
oue and all the lumber that produced
Vs north vest The Atlantic states from Asrya either
ind other material substitute therefor
Upon the termination Of he Guy w. Pst eehn