The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-11-11

bury, another great lawyer, naturally dis
posed to favor the landlords, asked, fifteen
years ago, if it was not consistent with JUS
tice for the law to assume taclt under
standing on the part Of the landlord that
the tenant was to enjoy the results oil his
improvements and q late Master OF the
Rolls in Ireland, declaring that, according
to a fixed law, he was bound to administer
Injustice in q certain case, remarked that
nothing could be more repuSnant to natu-
.:ral Justice than that landlord should look
sat great expenditure carried on by ten
ssant from year to year, without warning
chin of his intention to turn him out OF pos
session"
The Tribune gives the following as a spec
linen of the various covenants made by Irish
tenants:
"The lease is from year 10 year, determined
by'six months notice, ending on either rent
day, and not, as in common yearly tenancies,
on the day from which the letting began. 1t
reserves all timber, bogs, mines, game Mares
rabbits. wild fowl and fish, with the right oil
shooting, &C., to Lord Leitrim, his heirs and
assigns, his and their nominees, servants and
followers and gives him power to enter ior
the purpose of surveying, searching for mine
rails, and making roads and drains.
1.-THE tenant is restrained from making
new roads, fences or drains on the land, and
from building and altering any house thereon
and from allowing any house thereon TO DC
used as dwelling house, except that in when
he himself resides, and he is also put under
very stringent conditions as to tillagc he is
to keep in repair, and to yield up in repair oil
buildings. &c. He is TO dig up or cut down
all tAistles, docks and other weeds. before
they go to seed, or at any time when desired
to do so by the said Earl OF Leitrim.' The ten
emf is also sto assist to the utmost the said
Earl - in prosecuting trespassers.'
"If he breaks any of those conditions, he Is
to be subject to further rent, in the nature OF
liuuidated damages; which, for the benefit of
unprofessional readers, 1t may be as well to OBJ
serve means that the whole penal sum stlpu-
lated for is to be paid upon any breach OF con-
dition, and not merely so much OF it as would
be fair compensation for the damage actu-
ally inflicted. Finally, nothing in the lease
contained is to entitle the tenant to amy pay
ment or compensation for any farm or other
building for agriculture or otherwise, or Tor
any fixture or improvement of any description,
unless the making of such work or improve
ment shall have been previously stipulated Tor
and specified by an agreement in writing"
The plan proposed by B1r. Bright IS for
Parliament to buy landed estates in Ireland
of the large proprietors and sell them IN
farms to the tenants The government can
borrow the money required at 3! per cent ;
the tenant can pay the government as rent
about 6 per cent. The difference between
the cost to the government and the amount
paid to the tenant would give the farm to the
tenant, at the end of fifteen or twenty year,,
without further payment. Mr.. Bright said:
"Thus, at the end of a very few years, the
, ..farmer would possess his own farm, having
80 perfect security Al the time nobody
"could turn him or. if he paid his rent, and
"nobody could touch him for any improve
ssment he made on his Land. The next
"morning after he made that agreement he
sswould speak to his wife and to his big boy,
':and there would not be stone osrthe land
"that would not be removed, not weed
"that he woRld not pull up, not particle OF
.smanure that he would not save"
There is now no lack Of testimony as to
Irish wrongs. Ne.Mr. Bright thought that the
charger landlordism of English government
..was brutal. Mr.. Gladstone admits
"tragic retrospect when he says that Ire
Gland ought to be governed for Irishmen
"Lord Clarendon describes lnndlordism as
"felony. Professor Rogers, of Oxford, writes
..that Ireland's social condition is the gross
s'est scantial, and that from no fault OF
s.thrifty people. Prussia has given the right
s'of hereditary fixture to her peasants; Eng
"gland has given immunities to her Indian
"ryots against evictions, not to speak OF her
''endowing Pagans when Roman Catholics
..were neglected. The Irish tenant asks for
50 right to his improvements, security
against the arbitrary raising Of rent, and
"fxity of holding. Mr. Brisht's loan scheme,
including the purchase of the estates of ab-
"sentces, and the famous Prussian land sys-
item, equally aim to make the tenant pro-
''prietor."
What the Irish %ant is to give the land
lords fair rent but nothing else, and to free
the tenant from serfdom by making his right
against eviction legal They want better
state of affairs than that protested against in
1853 by Lord Landsdowne's tenantry: "We
sshave been made keenly sensible of abject
dependence by certain rules and regulations
(Which are now enforced on this estate. by
sthose rul no tenant can marry or procure
"the marriage of his son or daughter without
"permission from your lordship'S agent,
seven when no change of tenancy would
ssarise." The various points of reform de-
manded may be stated as follows:
81. Fixity or perpetuity of tenure, based
upon o fair rental to be determined by an agg-
ricutural board or other body.
so. The purchase of absentees estates and
their sale to the government, to be let to the
tenants with view of giving propretorship