New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-11-18
AMERICAN INGZTUrE or ARCHITECTS


| sESSION-READING or GAPEBS,
| The Convention of the American Institute
| OF Architects, which commenced on Tuesday Mt the
Rooms Of the Hew,York Chapter, Nc 25 Bref dway,
sumed session yesterday at IEi5 a. H. with l., NJ Hunt
| President of the NewYork Chapter, an the chair
large number of architects present. together with
visitors from other cities. The meeting opened by
the reading Of paper the Theory Function and Uses
Of Chimney3 by Adolph Cluss OF Washington, D. c. The
author treated hs subject in scientific andtnaserly
manner, and gave few hints TO the best and most
complete in which ehimneys ought Ia
The paper in the beginning set forth that ancient cvil
cation to which architecture much Indebted in other
respects proc poFed in che warm climates where res in
the apartments seldom necessary that " had
therefore thrown but Ete light on this branch OF science
been said that history has failed 10 record tho inventor
or 70 define the place Were the chimney wa hs used
and reside comfort IL rather the resoft 81 com
bDed efforts during ratons than of individual uan
We find the primitive ealnents OF the modern chimney in
conics smoke tunnels ascending through the thick walls
of castles Of the AngosaxOn period IA England, when
certain necessities stimulated invention and ia NOT
difficult the transition from these 10 the common
chimney, of which we find the hst Authentic record ~
the twelfth century in France, IN the fourteenth cen
tury in Ialy, and ia the reign of Queen Elizabeth in
England without entering INFINITELY me the eOnpnta
of tke sizes Of chmneys for res for stoves
IL Is proposed IN the se9na 70 Gye some rues a nanny
serve as guide fer practical life. The
rnes of hydraulcs since of the small differ
ence between the pressure of air within and outside the
psnds primarily upon the hight Of the chimney Heated
rising vertical pipe at botn ends represents
in proportion tn Intensity OF its heat and which is
lifted by an equally nigh column OF exterior. colder
mnnicating pipes equal hight mud OF less density IN
Within certain mts the taller the chimney the hotter
the gases the more rapid Will be the draft Another agent
beside the heat of the exterior column the velocity which
increases with the higher layers Of the atmosphere and
their ess horizontal direction tending 10 carry off
the dschargng gases. The proper velocity tchia
the chimney depends upon the KIND Of fuel and apparatus
feet per second will be good average IN order 10
make the combustion complete as possible The speaker
spoke the value OF open repaces, 10 the
purpose OF ventlatng the rooms and then gave some
valuable hints as TO the proper hght OF sLokestcs Tor
furnaces and boilers The paper ia conclusion detailed
the OF smoky chimneys under two heads the hst
OF which contains the prennaes iO the success OF the
second and foreign 10 the subjects the second sums up
thus o. Ihsulhclent hlght OF the clhey " LOO sna
or too large section OF chimney 10 FRICTION IN the chin
neys. a. Too large dischaTging orihce OF chimney 90
Action OF wind and the dischargng orice. This
Is Temedied by raising the chimney, or hitting the
welRnOwn revolving cowls on them. 49, Con
a double paror because the fire in the adjoining room
has lively draft, in the house IL heated In
draws the air Of the parOr vigorously than
the chimney so that the smoke descends in order to I'LL
the void created. In this the doors be Shut
the windows opened, and strong nTe must be made In
the smoky chimney until the temperature OF the chimney
Is high enough for establishing regular draft a. One
chimney for several nreplaces In this In
dependent metal pipes InusC DC isfteu ior eaeh nie
the latter, called for IN many specifications. The
lower end OF hue should be well closed tnat 10 cold
air and cool of the rising current The paper
closed with few in reference TO smokehnes as
simple and efficient aids for yeLtilatng apartments.
AZ the conclusion OF the paper Mr.. James Rcnwick
remarked that he thought there In II to
the origin OF chimneys lie thought they were known
in Europe long anterior 10 the twelfth century. Mr..
Russell Sturis Jr., said he had read in some archec
work Of monastery Of the tenth century which
had perfectly formed chimney. Mr. Henry Dudley was
certain that authentic record existed or chimney III
London early the tenth century. Several other
gentlemen expressed the same conviction, ana the gen
eral opinion seemed 10 carry out tins statement Mr.
sturgs SAID thdt ne Venice at Ihe ofnces
OF tile cmnneys seemed 10 be larger IMAM the area OIL the
chimney Itself. IL appeared 10 spread out or extend
circulaTly, that the chimney appeared Ike Hover
pot set top OF "a cylinder. He asked Mr. Cluss why
this was Cuss replied that the openings Of the Nene
an chimney were MADE atcraly on az sldcf; alth0ng
they appeared 10 be largest az the top the smoke did not
escape through any Orce there but through the lateral
apertures don't think they anything else than
common chmneys. Mr.. Eenwick saw why
the escape should not De al the top The principle
would govern here that applies 10 hydraulics water
pipe will both receive and discharge more IN volume II
both ends OF the pipe cOnica In shape This fact had
been demonstrated and determined judicaly III law.
suit which took place at Paterson, n. j.
for ls32 there republshed of the first
written by John Ruskin, m which cut Is gwen OF
chimney erected very early day certainly later
than the tenth century Mr. Cuss said he had taken his
dates such authorities as Tonlnson and several
French authors equal celebrity. Regarding Venetian
chimneytOps he thought Mr. Sturgs was mistaken The
rs prop0rtoned only the size OF the chimney The out
side WAS larger for show The inside was really con
iracteh Mr Sturgis suggested that the same mistake
might exist here is known 10 exist as TO the first APP
p ccredtcd 10 the sixteenth century TO the dine OF
LOUIS XIV IL was spoken OF evidence OF the pro-
ess OF that era aud yet the wheelbarrOw was in
early as the thirteenth century.
A telegram was here received IRON IN aSD ahhOunc.
ing that Chapter was about beng fOrnou there Hnd
expressing their regret at not being able To attend TINS
meeting. This telegram was hailed win great applause
and an answer sent cOngratuaung thcm' ana hehdIIS
wishes for success. -
Sir W. r.. Ware Professor OF Architecture in the Mas
sachusetts Institute Of Technology followed with paper
on the Relations of Science and Ant IN Agricultural
Study. The paper In illustration OF the point hh
while much pains cannot taken IN the education 81
students TO make their scientific instruction rs thorough
their distinguishing quality, and that IN the pursuit OF
this thoroughly prtIse spIIL nuat be ODscrYGd. INC