The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-10-02
SOUTH AMERICA.
BRAZIL.

Lnw-Stren&th OIL The Army IN Peace ana
War ~ Naturalization - Police - Naval Re-
quireuie nts--Pubiic Worhs--Minister's Reply
10 the ThrOne-Finances--Eccl ecclesiastical All
fairs--AIisceIlaueons.
RIO JANErR0, August %, 1859.
The Brazilian Senate has continued 10 be the
arena for the liberals TO hosuze the ministry and
their work has been done very eglcacioasly IN q
series OF very DAMAGING speeches. but they being In
minority the Cabinet can afford to disregard the
attacks, as upon q division II il OF majority
Of two or three at least there being tnlrd party
whose siding with 1.-THE liberals on motion would
leave the government In o minority. In the Cham
Der OF Deputies there Is perhaps the only para-
mentary element of danger, notwithstanding II is
Altogether composed of government nominees, or
Of conservatives of the most incorporating
character; although some half dozen are opposed to
The party platform in regard to slavery and IN
favor OF Evolutionary members. But some OF the
members OF the government have shown too great q
consciousness that the Chamber OF Deputies 10 a
creature OF the ministry, and have displayed such
arrogance In dealing with 1t that they have offended
the selflove OF the Deputies, who would willingly
conceal from themselves the fact that they
have Independence. fhe Ministers Of Justice
and the Empire, especially the former, have at
3me3 nearly provoked the formation OF an open
opposition TO them III the Chamber, but the vsconde
matters coming to q crisis by inviting the
members to frequent parliamentary d,nner parties
and similar aLtentons winch give Gnem Importance
In the eyes OF their provincial trends al nome, VINO
look 10 ltlo with KIND OF reverence the Mohamme-
dams have Tor Mecca; ana he also Keeps them IN
hand by promises OF presidSncies, Judgeships amt
Tohectorshlps, which are too attractive bats u be
&lsTeRardel to- punctlllos.
The Chamber OF Deputies has passed conscrip-
tion pm lor the maintenance Of 9 sa lding army aud
oil war. The first years draft viii be taken IRON the
free and freedman males between eighteen and
thirty years OF age hut afterwards only those above
seventeen ana under nineteen VIII 30 listed Tor
CONSUMPTION by draft The Legisatar Is to AK
annually t.ie number TO be drawn. The peace forces
for 1s70-7l liked at 20 000 men Tor the army and
1000 Tor the navy which may be raised to Co. and
5000 respectively III time of war. The exemptions
allowed are
Frxsudens at the medical law faculties and indoor
ssadensa 10 the higher state schoos
tor o. she Ir,o a. je-ye the COMMITTEES clause
exsmptns the ministers Of all other denominations
T1sahs brother supporting minor brothers sisters
grandson supporting widow Of dscrep atner tasner-,n
F,, The widower with minor child
FIn@ brother OF soldier In service or who died In
In service brs:her ,ul be allowed exemption one
Su-lhose VINO pay c<inpsioni but NO paymens viii be
n1-Those who give s,Dstitues but they will remain
liable to personally If tho substitute desert within
Eighth Ministers Of State, esislaorsthe higher suaRes
The iIesma,e supporting mothers viii not be
Der q al the rest put toseshsr ne Minister O. War bow
Of morally in this matter Psnitensary BIRDS arr excluded
but must pay exemption " able.
ihe listed not drawn win belong TO the national guard
and VII remain subject to be called out to war at home
sonaatns Council Of state The eo6serps drawn
WIN serve IN the active army or Tor 1--WE after
shey will continue liable to active service called by
or decree. After tive from tho conscrption sons
into execution al governments empsoy viii
sassd % s yesps o. sgs 70 ney haze
yss ns hs Gf ss S,s rail-
Whipping is abolished in the army but not in navy
The bill, on the whole. Is not an unfair one and
WIN lndubitanly be lar preferable TO tue atrocous
present system OF pressing MEN, but tile exemption
OF students ~ calculated 10 perpetuaie the great
Brazilian evil OF the neglect OF arIs IRA es aad
agriculture, which maSes them SO backward and 80
dependent upon foreigners for improvements ano
enterprises, as well as Tor manufactures Wnen
active slavery and four years Of passive slavery
simply by idliDg three years at "a college he is NOT
likely TO look with favor on the commercial, agricui
tural and mechanical pursuits, whose exercise viii
BRING on HIM such unpleasant consequences.
The Chamber OF deputies has also passed gen
eral naturalization bil which reduces the fern vi
residence to one year n foreigner ESTABLISH q
place of business and marry q Brazilian woman.
The naturalization papers are to be issued by Inc
minister OF the empire or me presidents OF pro-
vnces gratis, except stamp OF Twenty-Five miirei9
on eacn. me army and navy oi'l also provides ior
year the active forces or two Ia garrisons In the
brazilian army no foreigner can rise 10 be esea
corporal.
ihe poiice reform bill Is undergoing discussion on
Its causes and IS causing prolonged debases. rms
Dn granting concessions TO Anare Rebousas ami
Stephen BUSH Go. Tor the construction OF docks IN
RIO Is at Its second reading and Will PROBABLY pass
tais week to 20 to the senate otucr bills are tass-
ing IN regard 10 exemptions from duties on mate
rlais used IN constructing some enterprises among
these enterprises ~ that Tor making tranlroad for
omnlbuses al Bahia.
Tue government has just brought In bill to au-
thorlze an extraordinary credit OF 7sg 500 mires
Tor the marine department, IN the second nail OF
this year QSd9-7o, and also bill 20 open an extra
ordinary credit OF l,450oOo mirels TO Inc same de
paftmeht iof the purchase Oh the una cas- Eacbadas
lnoe lsle from the bank VI Brazil, 10 add 10 the
Dayal arsenal.
Tue senate has passed number OF bills coming
from the Chamber OF Deputies granting exemptions
from duties on tire materials used for constructing
various works OF pubic utility. These are the uearf
gasworks the Maranham gaswurks the Canpos
gasworks, the Nitheroly gaswoigs the Porto Alegre
gasworss, the PelotaS gasworks the pe.otas ana
polto Allegro wafer WORKS the hoistmg machine nj
Bahia, and the new port intended TO be formed near
the old one OF Ceaia (which Is inR up rdpidy) and
aMamroad connecting the new port with Ceara.
The vote OF thanks tine answer to tue Emperor's
opening address, was passed after ak weeks' de-
bate; but the amendment OF the liberals, to exclude
q special paragraph lauding Caxas, was rejected.
AT present the debate on the estimates for ISG9-10
ana 1901 T. beng used by the liberals III The SEN
ate for their opposition 10 the government policy.
the estimates as they passed the deputies, show iof
ls69-70 receipts OF 7D,s4o,Joo milreIs, and ordinary
expenditures Of 3d. $40 milreis, leaving deficit
OF 3,95l9g6 mies, which win be increased py
whatever the war may cost tins year. For IS70-il
the estimated receipts are So 29 QUO milteis, wnlch,
with the same expenditure, would leave surplus Or
1890 900 milreis. However, senator Souza Franco
distinguished Brazilian fnancer, VINO served
some years ago ~ Minister Of Finance Ia of opinion
that the Visconde de itaporahy has miscalculated
the receipts by taking 1t for granted that
as much duty-payiug Importation VIII be con-
aummated when the duties are raised forty per cent
higher than they are now, ana Tor not allowing Tor
the great antcipations OF eiearances when look
place previous TO July last when the new and gen
orally increased tarlif came into force, ana the
still greater one which mas no expected before tue
first or January next when the forty per cent addI
tionai viii come into effect lie also saws thar M
allowance has been made In the estimates for tho
interest on the loans tnat have to he effected this
year so meet the extraordinary expenses caused By
war; ana he therefore thinks that N even the Minis
ters estimates OF revenue prove correct, there must
be deficit IN 1sdg-70 OF from 100000 10 1000 900
mlres, and OF at least 600 900 milreIs lS70-7I
The bishops have triuinphed In regard TO the Din
which restored TO priests suspended er fiy0fnutd
c0hSctetd the right to appeal TO the Crown Tor re-
lief As the matter stands a bishop or archblshop
can suspend priest without trIai and has no re-