, 1869-04-04
SUNDAY, APRIL !, 1863.


-s s "0 BIC. AAo B1o~Lu huu
population Of cities aro limited only by the
h"lk and ss1ue Of the industry Of which
tGry nzc the commercial centres. New
York rs The centre of our tzadc with Europe,
tf use eoasslng commerce Of the populations
lying between the Alcghaniea and The Al
la1tle, and Of manufacturing industry
which in tho main springs from it's coaatinr
md foreign commerce. So long, there
,'Fs sas; m Mr. ,n.s,e Of I opr iSa itSsa50g trade
tn--- Gust Of the Alleghanics COM
Prise the heavier bulk Of tho na-
ti"n's industry, tie city which
represents these must continue the metropo-
lin ef the country. Rut no careful student
ri our uutlonM resources N fail to bo con-
viEccd TINT the bulk of the future industry
of this country will DO cAr1icd on between
the Alcghanies and tho Rocky Mountains;
That sh's will givo rise to domestic ct,,n-
mercc, compared with which our foreign
trade, though always increasing, will sink
into relative ins'gnihcance, and thu. this
!. vast domestic commerce must bo rapte-
sonted l,y some interior metropolis, which
shall compare with our chief seaport rs Lon
don compares w1tL Liverpool, as Paris CON-
] parcs with Uavre oa the ono Rido and
Martcilles on tho other. When tho United
S,.:t,s Aliau have reached population of
:; ore hundred millions, which, according to
s.'r actual and regular 1ato ef incyeas,,
rl.ull occur in the year 1900, doubtless
eevcnty-Gye millions thereof Will occupy the
grand interior hasin Of tho continent Wa
tered Ly tie Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri,
the great lkea, the Cumberland, Tennessee
and Rcd Rivers, md their tributaries. This
il tle b:.sin Of which tho Atlantic and Pa
clhc c.,ax,s arc the outor rim. The con-
centrAtiou ct the internal commerce among
,llsc~e seventy-hve millions Of people ut any
our 1x,;n, will be determined mainly By The
facilities presented by that point for con1-
u.nnication with the older centres Of
.rslc, by abundance Of cheap water
:rsi,1t, by ample supplies Of coal
,ntlly the enterprise that these will mt
1rssllv cngender, and which will load n pop
1lation II, farorAbly situated to Distance all
ivnE hy sheer pluck in striking ont upon
sew careers md hazardous enterprises New
York stole the march on our other Atlantic
.calnrts, partly because she was more
!iect1v in the limo towards London and
.'nris than any other cities, except Boston,
nd partly because Of tho Eric Canal
-un1 other enterprises, which rendered
be West tributary to her wharyes
nd ships, New Orleans md
Il Louis are fitted to be centrcs Of large
liver commerce, but they do not lie in the
,a,h which the products Of the West must
'kt to reach New York, TINT older CONNER
!, ial centre, where for the present much Of
lie capital which movea the crops and pro-
lucts Of the West exists, Chicago, being
itunte at the point Of contact between the
ona,nerne Of the lakes md that Of the
1isso1ui md Mississippi, has thus far
: lken her position in advance Of hor COM
!; ctitorR, St. Louis and Cincinnati, because
1 the larger area Of country whose
! rrops could and mn outlet here,
: = II their way to Now York,
1 nd Of the cheaper water transit here al
:, ,ssled by lake and canal But while these
/ r. lemcnts have given precedence, and have
T., I'd to the unrivalled network Of railways
:, hich renders Chicago the centre Of more
lilies Of railway than amy other city in the
.orld, all these elements will he superseded
= .ntlr importance By others which the
ext half century will develop. Tho stAte
Iftno,s, in richness Of SOL and in capacl-
I to 1n1intain dense population, occupies
central position in the midst Of the great
' :, teriur basin Of this continent, correspond
to That OF France md Belgium in
: uroxo- The Ohio md the lakos, aided by
+, i1ritahle lines Of competing railways, will
! re blend their products and commerce
III those which come down the Mississippi
I'd Missouri, and over tho Pacific Railroad,
+! .,om our 6eeat mining region, from the
lcifc States md ocean, nnd from India,
linn and japan. There can be no point
tween Chicago md the Pacific Ocean
lcre easy and ample water transit, vast
) noentration Of railways, and the accessory
: Is derived frcm hundreds Of smaller but
busnry cities, can combine, Ms they al
ady do in Chicago, to accumulate
vast metropolis. San francisco must
vays Ike an important port, and Il the P4-
lc coast were capable of being dotted, as
Atlantic coast is, with frequent sea-
=, IT'S, and If San Francisco were the central
> int nj which the commerce Of all these
n, nld concentrate for foreign Or overland
-, mutual exchange, then indeed wo might
:, dict for San Francisco futurt prosperi-
= nvalling that which New York has nj
dy nttainel. But it needs to The build
=: up Of great metropolis that many
'1or cities shnu be tributsry to it, SIN
enciseo stands too solitary, the Pacific
:. st presents too few inducements OF OPP
.sunitins for seaports, and there is not
T. .ugh of aggregation to elevate the cipitsl
l. the Pacific States into 4 metropolitan
= :. So much Of our trade with China
an and 1ndia as affords large enough
ne iii small bulk to bear transportatio:
:, rail overland will find its point Of distri
i'm Ut Chicago. Tea, coffee. silks AMI
TIN will be distributed over the countr,
N Chicago. This accession to cur trade
- tseH, with its incidents, should add one
:. .dred thousand people to our population,
icansc the erection Of blocks Of w1re
.ses and wholesale stores for traffic in OBJ
E ROW unknown IN our exchanged
: can~hile CbicagowiIl only begin to make
aren't t. the world the advantages Of be,
,.tion, when her commercial progress aal
= increasing density Of the agriculture
i ,lhtion of these central States shall af.
}t'la supply CT labor seeking mAnuiaetur
y mining and mechanical cmpleyments
i prosperity OF decline Of modern nations
:. as. more than On any other fact, upor
:. supply Of fuel England rules 1relane
-: .aly by virtue OF causes which, whe1
. ed to their source, will be found to con
,, in the fact That England started viii
" forests AID abundant coal, while Ire
had little more than bare hills an
tbog. The manufactures of the interio
lin Of the continent must concantsas
: illinois by virtue Of priority Of capital
': trahty Of position, ehespness OF food
-. the al1-controlling fact that thret
rths Of the State is underlain with coa
! gcncaloG from Abraham th1oug
:" ,c to Jacob is not more fixed md ilrs
lble thsn that coal begets hest, heat bt
+: ) power. power begets manufactures an
diversified industry, and these beg
!. ,n,eree, vealtn ssa ssa. empire. The inf
:: s.ity OF the quality Of the eoA Of 1linoi
-. the wasse Of power which attends II
:: 'sent mode Of banning it BY Which half
- a Of it is not burned at NIL, but
y lied On the air in volumes Of SCOT OF n
i ,su1ued carbon, are details TO
! ircome by invention as the need Z
- r,o,,;nc Them shall atlse. We do