, 1869-02-04
PROTECTION.
A Hgh TanF 70 Pnotsctlon-How il
Gipples Production PsuP@
Labor Hnmbug Exposed.
Opinion Of Two EK-WhIg Jour
. "rAJx';;'i;:s -.

,
Qua taxes upon the consumers oftmported pro-
ducts obtained IN exchange fos dome: Tic pro-
ducts. They arc beginning to perceive that
the effect Of thess duttea Is to increase the
eest Of llvirg ; to diminish the purchasing
power Of wages, and, In short, to make the
roef poorer ard ths itch richer.n One Of
the Eost influential ard able Of ttsse- jou1.
nals Is the Ciocinoati 0ast.te, an oId Whis
organ h1 ftrmer dayt; another is tina New
York 3saes, also former Wing osgan, and
now e5Rsd with an ability second to no pa
per m the East-
To chow the sound view3 held BY the,u
leadtpC josFua1s, We mako tbs folio wing ez-
t.acts from tAsir co1ums:
Ftox1 tko Gazette. IAuESy 70.
PROJECTION.
We wrote = brief paragraph ts avert the
storm Of psotectscuisss' rage non Mr. Davtd
A. Wells, spd 10! an old Henry Clay Whf,,
thinks we hare sstuo.& committed e}asphemJ.
He sesrt2atea our brief declstalof1E 1Eom our
brief iIst. 1ces, aEd: thus deiiters h,aeelG,:
To tie Editerof the Cincinnati 6Metto:
In yprs tsaue OF ipa4 HA;nrc ~ you k1d IN sytI-
tle b * cd r1otectnMs:s' Raxt," Ia which &C.
euis the follow Ing vc.us:
far fsce trade IN sEesy tktug he h.s 10 bur sai u
4 pIoteedoLtst onlJ 10 The th,aF he makes % seit
And tans Go We rCt kEet- lh4: tho Whole :ystera
OILY EAa40 VI ~ CHA ~ ~ Rtf aiE k5EY
can r. ttt expette Of The II st."
On t. AZ q arsE sarE1 nsmb..s who sre, and
kewsJTa aars hete. rsotec il 1A;s, / enter p.er~t
asa,nss shs seHu9ens hers aAT.aecd..
On nsssr CLAY wp.s
Let u luiet our friends Ea1m by rrmark-
ing that the question Of protective duties Il
now swsllbwed uP In the Rsca:es necessity
willing to lake taxes OF ron imports and
pct them IN home products OF property.
Our little Democratic debt, and The t,a,ldiiY
OF parties IN tue n4ticr of tsyyipg direct
taxes, bare settled tho tariff on ht4h pl1ue,
Ard now We viii touch little On the prxc-
tical operation Of protection. Ctr contfLbn-
Tor aPpca11 to the bones Of HeurJ Clay, 2n.l
kays be Is Wiling that msnufacturers shall
be protected. But VT know Of no mAnu{tc-
tuFcE who docs not dt en- II necessary TINT
ewryfhtn7 he Aas to buy 4sdT Be 1rte. And this
!s ttmp1S bis necessity aud bis common acnsc,
II wool Is protected, II ncutrzl!1cs hi. pro.
lection On woo'hn cloth. Our woolleu nsn-
Of The world, oseanse Of the hl9n duty on
tho cheap wool OF south America. And
haro they N extel sion OF tho home market
10 compensated. AK them. The manusac.
turc's Of cotton must get Ill their dye s,uf!.
and other materials iise. Or they can not
compete with forrian goods, cvon at home
with protection; and with tariff on thelr
materials, they arc shut cut from al foreign
markets where ttty hare to compete Win
goods mado Of ftce materials. Now Eng1and
wants protection In everything she 1nakcs
tut sbe "ansa The ofeadstnas and vegetables
Rnd AnimAh. Of Canada 10 como Ia fer, so
that she eau tave cheap food.
Pcnnsylvun!n m1it hare Iron heavily pro.
tectcd, and the greater tho proa:s tbs moro
she c!amoFu los protection !; but With 4 hl:h
DUTY on Iron NC h1ve 4 n, friction on the
production Of alk 'aboE-saFlng maehlnery.
and w1 prevent american mcdaniel ernius
from mailing machinery for the rc1t Of tho
continent. We protect Pennsylvania coal,
nnd thus we tncycase the cost OF driving the
labor.saylpg machinery OF Now Euklaua and
al the seaboard States. We protect Miehl-
gan copper mines, and consequently tho N Au-
niaetu1es Of copper dHitdse, and our ships 20
These ire few instances OF the working Of
prot ectiye dutlea-- At tic beIt, protection Is
en- imperfect syktem. In this country wo arc
inclined 10 oyetuo it. We have ralsed 4
olsud bsgotr5 over It, which will not allow 1t
to b Questioned, under cover ot which gross
munoeolies are communicated. An lnsiance
the bitter attacks on Mr. Wells for
giving facts Illustrating the working of
cur iAr,t. We do, not believe that it is
wise pollc3 to levy an lnordtuate duty on
any article, upon tho assumption that It can
BE- made At honc. This both hlls revenue
and cscAtes hopae monopoly. The geuer1l
teudei cy OF the tune is to Combination. Our
tariH should not fac1lisata 1t. The tariff
should OF be psohibltory on anylhm.- In,
etesd Of beng prohiblsory on The articles oi
commcn use, aad lighter on those which mar
be classed q l21uIics, II should BE- moderate
on the drst and higher on the latter, Oar
tash 10 not perfect. The intolerance Of the
ProtecttonIsle makfs 1t altogether too .e.sy
toF specl1linf ercsLs 10 Zurich themselves at
the expense Of the country.
From the New York Iim.s Jan. y.
THE RAtPER LABoRxR or ENGLAND.
1abore1 Of Eng land u has been the bug bear
Of our political economists. His spectre has
especially haunted our manufactures,
Whefe-er branch OF business had Increased
production until the markets Of the World
"tte glatted,. or wherever manufacturing
company had received 80 much protection
that they had lost the economy md ear7rv
Thtch people manifest who arc compelled
70 take care Of them.eiIn<, the ghost of
the pauper !aborer OF Eug1aoit has always
been evoked Tor their reltel. Whether du
lies we're loF Or high. whenever 4 hranch Of
industry failed. or other oouptrieA drove IA
cut Of lha tcld By their sharp competition,
the true cause was alwsu this balctut 5pec.
Ire. he would not daNn. E7en 4. IN the
French wars, the blue bottle 1ies iu England
were traced to the malxn ibducnce Of Napo-
leon, 80 al our ccenouniea evils for lie
N-AhAAt &&AfS 4EEu AI4f$Q.
u1ed to this unhappy spaupr.' Even 90
intelligent correspondent and tsa1nt,c,au
IS the Veteran Observer falls under hi.
superstition. and seca. horrible vision d
the pauper !abotct' behind all our troubles
Before attempting to lay this ghost, W
must note the almost ludlcrous contrast
nnlch this spectre makes 10 its appcara.ce
to the manufacturers Of continental Europe
They equally dread il they ~ also hnf1nted
oy IL 1at toeEr. tnstead Of the atta4atet
loIm ol the halt starysd iaborer, It eseumt.
h .hs bufly ssptet Of the English capitalist, Of
powerful combination Of naiigp spir;ts-ths
English manutscturers-who sTe unholJ
ltague 70 ruin Ill German sud French nro,
duccrs. In this lnttaece, the pauptr lsbue,
Is, in fact, IN Germany, Belgium and France,
but the manufacturels Of those countrsas a1e
high Tariff against England.
Only three months slnce tho woollcn and
cottnn manufacturers Of Lower Ans ria nett.
tior ed for much higher duty on their WOOL
lens aud cottcns than Is per cent I'D r1lortm,
and yet the Austrian operatives receive ii
Pes cent iess Wsges IN average than the Brit
a1a with tho Eugiiah, In Russia there i:
The tame high protec ,oa, aud ret ths
Wteea OF ltboF In conou manufacture m
about fons-strtA in Ruseia OF whal
they are In England. In France
too, there Is great opposition to the
eontlnusoce Of the cobden treaty, and call
Tor higher duties by the manufacturers, ant
get The excess Of wages In England owe,
France and Belgium Is at least tweuiy.ay.
per cent. In general 1t may be said that 1ht
excess Of wages 10 gold IL the United State:
over England Ia but little greaser thxn tht
exceAs Of England over the continent.
Seen from the Wcst, the p.oduc whc
bus given England her economic supen 'rity,
y the Rhostly form Of the paupcr; scen from
the East, he Is the Hell.fed and over. pad
h'lellrR OF = conspiracy ofcspttn ists- There
eTldent'y must DC something wrong IL one oI
these f,elle.s Where Ia Tho EallacyS
II Is t'ulS unfortunate for our manufactm,
ers that their great rival Is not ,"psuper
1aboreE." paupef llAos Il Just what they
need moi, fess. pAuper work is stupid, care.
lea, KAeteful and ignorant. II Is skilled
labor which troubles Them = economical
careful and Intelligent la>ror. But how /. this
labor paid! IN answes1aE thlt question We
hare only TO eonIult the tables Ia Ar. We.l.'
report, = h!ch will he comptBdium al lnfor-
nation feF economists Tor 4 generation to
come. Tho average excess Of EagcA ia gold)
tn the eotcn manufacture OF tho u1.tcd
states over that OF Great Britain IN 1867, was
y PR cent. 1n 1no espee!l1 hrasch-''thc
rorlug ftane.tcpdera Vii wss only 5 per
cent. In woollen manufacture the avesaxu
e1ccAa "n only a4.53 pr ctnt, though In
carpet mills II reached ~ per cent. In f.c.
arms tho excess was sc per cent /; Ia Iron
fouE dries md mac chtne-shops. - per cent. Ia
urskilled labor IN lion msnuiacture She az
essge weekly waRea hero were $3.50, ayalnst
Il 30 In Great Britain, or Ahout 50 per cent
exces, while to difference between En2ltnd
and Belgium Is greater, being about 100 per
cent.
II II mauifest that 4 scafo Of wages itou,
~ to 50 per ccht less than the high rates
prevailing here IL not ihc raso OF paupcr
ntnr wRrrs EHt fnnr% than hks Ua srr$
that the average rase Of wages Ia the princi
pal branches OF mxnutactu13 Of tho trQ
countries i Ho1 a6ost <yu u n pureAati.0 pou
tr. he number Of dollars paid per week "a
workman !. Of no consequence. The nan
question for hin u, what will the doilara