, 1869-10-02

n ali. They eonaut OF some railroad peoq4e, |
les1Ded IN suss1dy. getting, sud Sonic unemployed
te2 Captains. and ttey AK Congreas to endorse
It cir bonda for certain mil!ous. 50 that they can
20 irsp the market and raiss money. Some Of /
this money would pIcbaaly Be appffed to building
retscls; much wsnld certainly 80 TITO the pocktta
or the s1hsldy but tnls war OF Ysvy,ns our
eemnerce would be merely equivalent to govern
ment becornDg shipping me1chaut taxing
chanccsr making ventures, and Jet having no ean-
troll over lt2 own crew., purter1, knnlS xs fhe
ships be hu1t By trtr1ie care venture, aud ezpI-
tat When anoat and approved, let tie subject u
the subsidy come before the rostAl Department,
q nish We had I Portal Department all round stas
re nttd not sa1Sey "a up-foe9
Al present We snhaidlxa : s6o foreign tte1msn3p
1nes-to Bzaxtt aud 70 Chtna--sud both subsidies
seern TO BE- well bestowed. We pay rates be.ides
TO several foreign companies, but then We do not
cztry ths 1eappns sdhtty Of their thipR Tho eutfe
United Stxte6 nztl irom Panama down The Pze.4c
coa8t Of South America b not ahove ne1 let,era
snrcaDy. The mail and passenger service to Eu-
rupe u completely nued, &ave to the Ned,te,1x.
teAn, and 1nese H. O. b t1cndt Geaef1l TalhstdTe
has nxed bis tnvtnc1he eye. Eight3-foas steamers
row ply between North America and Eutope,
xnd only i've OF them make pre&ena3ong 10 be.
iog American. The fset Il that ocean fre43hta do
not Pay the percentages thar Ames1eana require,
while these satsty European capital. The PAclte
Mai steanAoip Company posaeseea aboct ali the
good vessel1 that cary cor nag. having tseaa and
heavy EoHE1Rs upon tic few Old tuba that run
10 Europe
AMERICAN Axp kSdll6u xxrYp1xSex NJ ocx,N
SKklNaR1PS-cOIl1ks IND CuxE4n
To ahoH how expenalye it xooId be to pay tns
RrsiiAh Aobdtdi<s. iet N SEE Whit they arc: 10
France and the Continent By lteamtra on Dover
s1aits, ST. 500 year; to Spain and Portugal by
steamer, 80. 200: 70 Est India mall steamers.
ssso. 600; TO North America {CunsraeEs. ctcl,
fsol, ,oeo; West India steamers Knd lines 10 Pacific
south America and BE1ul. 81, ,+6', zoo; West Coast
of Africa, t15o 600: CAoe OF Good Hope, 3ld3, 900:
Australla sieauers,, $tsa, TOO. Making total OF
nofc than four md = quartet Millions Of dollars
End upon every one Of toeea Man subsidies there
Is loss, eIcept upon thv. single service on Dover
st<alsa. ous OF slss 600 paid to the Pacific ssean-
en-, from Panama to Patagonia, tn 1850, only
5s1 900 Wis recovered in postaSt.
Sh Edmund CunArd test1ded. tn 1859, that the
c1uln1 line cot at nrst fCf tHcntJ-four voyages
10, ,e&o from or government, aud that It after
wAtts rece,Ted Ssaa,75o TOR tNsnty.stx voyages,
or double his own subsidy, considering that he
made tHo yuJaxea TO one. The capital Of tho
Colns line, 3, s0o, ,ooo, hs said, wuuld have been
euarely surk but for tho inss OF two ahsps b.
which they got 81, 10 900 from the Ensli1n mdef.
writcrr.
he saie thss q h.s contract MAS w..atrawn ha
hsd better snk hts 1htps than TT 70 koep them,
for they werc not adapted tor mercantile uaes II
| Ill. the Scotia cost him $p00,031 CuuArdI
original suhatdy, for tMeutT.four voJaxes year,
wa1 900 per 4nunm far sereo yeaEa. In 1R1a
he agreed to make = weekly service for $50, 900
year. 10 last ten yesrs Jet nte yeazs aflerward he
demanded lzrxer extension ot the couulct, 10 he
could borrow naouey 70 build fastez steamers than
Collins. Collins original four steamers cost
32,934 0co, and his last experiment, the Adt!ate,
rutnen him The aveeaXn cost OF each OF his early
| vo5a was sta415, and the corresponding re-
cepte, $4s,ss5 yet he carried moro passenger
from the beginning to tbs end than the Cunazder1.
| The sTorn statement Of Sir Edmund cunatd,
which have found IN The Rsttisa of,c.ai docu-
meats, u, that white he had made ,sss voyages
| {oosh Ways, without 1osin1 mau, letter, or =
ship. and snn his l!ne with all economy, that he
had yet better sink hia I've vessels al once than
tn 10 keep them without his mammoth Eubs1dy.
he also tesnned that hts lIno OF Alow vessels paid
him well, and were unsubsdlzed. This Ought TO
be conclusive, that 1t VIC mean TO bald Tessc1s 70
compete tn speed witn the Rutsta and the 6cotis,
t government must expect to be called on for in
neLse sabsidief, never to ccate. cunard carries
no ateerasc passengers In his mai ahtps, while
this k,ud Of freight u Jet ali that Amezcan ship
oTness can expect TO be prontsble.
1RUx HlsTnKT o. ous srKAH xAR1SE.
II you examine the TIE Of the shipping lines
Of Europe aud America, you will ind that the
l q
run elow aud cheap, and creep up. We come
to Congress with big schenae, big naues, superb
ptturef, and the American dag, and ask hist long.
sune1Ilg midwife to bring rs into the world The
nrst Of AM the commercial poHers. We were the
original nation to send 4 steamboat, the SavaE-
nab, ac1oss the ocean eighteen dAyslt and We hal
sent steamer iron NeW York TO New Orlean.
tlsls) TWO Jeai1 before the British crossed ST.
Georges Channel 10 one. After 1873 whea Liver.
pool and Bristol packets arrived On the name day
a Eew YORK, NC set to work on coloasal acale-
: The nFst American OCEAN steamers after The
Savannah, the Warrington aud the Hermann, rau
to Bremen rio Cowes- Their average psasaRrs
f.on Coxes to New York was Is days II hour,
and bs minutes; from New York to coHes, Il
da,s7 hours md Ii minutes.
The erat stesmcrs that rao to Hayre from New
YoEk were American, the Franklin and the Hum,
nodi and they belonged 10 the original Bramer
hne- Thar average pax9aka to Cowe4 wns Il
dt1s II houza cntnutes- Tna 1iurnpoaat waa y.
feet long, " feet broad, 81 feet Deep and Of asl
tons,
Meantime the English at Ltverpoo! hal de
Eeloped = careful and entetprtsng tine, nnd they
set In chsrge Of |: = ahrewd. experienced Not.
Scot1aD, Captain Ned Cunard, WHO had since lsss
carried the British mail from Bermuda to Hslu&x,
stopping sn route at Annapolis Maryland. Hi
tlfst steamer Was EloR stout, and the best Adoxs
! Thea, Aprose, Mt. E & Col!sas, Al eI,Esvag.n
|
head Of line Of clipper Ahlpa TO Liverpool, ant
who came to Congress backed up By Duke G1tn
Of California and nj the nan1leat tess1ny utesr4s
and he received encouragement to put o. tho cceas
that parent Of disaster md bankruptcy In steam
rhtppng. tue Colinz line TIE Arctic. the fasteal
| Collins Steamer. rls modelled by Geo.R,
| Steers, who designed tia 3acbt An pea: he,
tonnage was = sss toni, length Of deck 2s7 feet
breadth Is feet. and depth below main dcek >
! | feet. Her cylinders wess Is tHehes diameter
Rtoke 10 feet She began her trips In 1e5a ant
| On her eighth passage tfom New Tork to Iyes
. pool made tho then extraordinary time ofS daJs1
hours and II ,nlnuteA Her paddle wheels wen
IS feet iccnes diameter aud cousained caeh >
1oatR. She burnt about 81 tons OF coal 4 day
These sttamel1, far more expensive thai
those Of Cunard, were, for awhile, our nations
nadness, and We hnu1ortd them with oil the SUB
sldy, patronage aud adulatiun that were posalait
] TIL the jealousy Of the EnRl!ah NAs aroused IN,
cucarn prevailed IN hh aspiration for faster shtpa
Collins then poured gold over Tho Adratlc, and,
ts said, spcnt upwards Of f2oo,0 900 In one expert
) Mtns on engines. The elenent1 cousps,e,
sgainst such vanity and prndgscy, and to-day the
ATct4c and Pacific ale II the bottom Of tho sea
the Adftatic Il sinking fund Of ruin In the hsntl
Of Bstsieh company, laid up for the past Dr.
: Yeas 10 dsJ docx, White sne Bantc and Auhnu
! ply hloW1y With cnatgrsnt1 between Bremen IN,
New York, and cazt1 ont, a II BY Inheritance, tn
I wuI0O& Ua OuAat Ql U043 llQ& E8tfTlQ% lnl
American hag.'
! George Law WAS the estAh.lshe1 OF the auosidxe
! natl line between Now Yort, California, and Orc
/ Eon. They consisted Of the Ohio 4eor4tA, an.
Illinois, and Al H&yans connected with the FaicuI
+ for New Orleans. The 1lllnois, the most peYfec
stsatne1 WAS nearly efs feet long, % feet tnche
broad In the beam, ind depth M feet III
paAalt.Nhesls were g Il. tnehea In diameter ~
she burned sixty tons Of coal \ day She hs
made the dIgtance between dock anil dock trpu
: Havana to New York {, ,ns7 utles) In uinety.fou
and halt hour, and from ChagFcs to Now Ior
p,aso niles, IN stx days and sixteen hourh
The Asptnwan line. At nrst established hetEcei
View York and Cal1ofnta, for long time 1au onl
on tho P2caat side, tho Law ltDe oonuec1ing o
tho Atlantic Tns original vessels Hete tho Golde
tale TeooeA1eet Columbia, PHnama, California
Oregon, and John I. stephena.
The Golden Gate, tia neetest, Wna 4s5 feet tons
70 feet beam, = feet depth Of hold ma 9,o,o tor
= naae. She ran from San francisco to Panama t
;. II daJ1 and hours, and returned IN Il daJs, IN
burned 60 tons Of coal In Z day. These steamer
> d1tappeared In the Pacific Mail Steamship Con
pany, our only profitable commercial veutufe.
It Il often assumed that the wxr far OF Our lin,
= to HAsrr: but thl2 Il Also erroneous. The Van
de1bllt Of that ltpe, waa pcrpetusl sinking fun
% Vanderbilt, and he presented her to the Unite
. sta1es- Tne Fulton md the A1ago arc now oNne
By tho Pacific AA1 and, being no 4, are found m
= profitable on the Atlantic. The American record
with aioRle exception, on tho ses, Il disakte
Throughout, and It was A conn1med dtaaster befor
= the war began. Let puf &nlp people begin Wit
small burners, per cent expectations, ant NOR
scrutiny Of the shlp.A purAes than Of the goyssy
menr tnbstdy. The French 1ne, between Ne
York and HAvre, Is failure, except for the sabstd
l. Tbs main Clnafd llhf Ia failurn aYr.nt fnr +