The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1869-12-10


and to promote health, 70 prevent intrusion and
@ Of Tribunals P the SEVERN
for enforcing such regaislions by summary
process. t-Atttl tsfsI - ~
rARirr OK xussIAs HEMP. Va W
Your attention isrespectfully called to the Law
regulating the tariff on Russian hemp and 10 the
question whether 10 fix the charges on Russian
hemp higher than they are fixed upon manila Is
not violation OF our treaty with Russia, placing
her, products upon the same footing With those
OF Tie most favored nations.
MANUFACTURES.
: Our manufacture arc increasing with wonder.
fal Rapidly under the encouragement which they
now receive with the improvements In machinery
already effected and still increasing, causing ma.
shinery to take The place OF skilled ,sSor ,n 70
fall on largely within very lew years. fortn.
nstely our manufactures arr mot counned pia
few ioealiues rs Formerly, md y 70 We hopsd
interest In them equal In all sections. They give
employment and support 20 hundreds Of thou.
sands OF people nj home. and retain with us the
means which would be shipped abroad: The ex.
tension OF railroads In Europe and IN the East ]:
bringing into composition with our agricultural
products the products OF other countries, self in-
terest II not seif preservation, therefore, dictates
caution against disturbing any industrial interest
OF the country. 1t teaches rs also the necessity
Oflooking to other markets for the sale Of our
surplus.
CHINA AND JAPAN. '7r'
Our peighborsl south OF us, and China and
Japan, should receive our special attention. IL
viii be the endsayor Of the administration To-
cultivate such relations with all these nations as
to entite Us 10 their confidence and make II their
interest as well As our own To- establish better
y more enlightened policy than that heretofore
pursued towards China, largely due 10 the efforts
and sagacity Of one OF our own distinguished
citizens, the world is about to experience largely
increased relations with thai populous and
hitherto EXCLUSIVES nation. AS the United States
have been the ininators In this new policy. so
they should be the most earnest In showing their
good faith In making IL q success. In this CON.
nection would advise such Legislation as viii
forever preclude the enslavenient OF the Chinese
upon our soil under the name OF coolies and also
prevent American vessels IRON engaging In tho
transportation Of coolies IN any country tolerat
ing the system. also re commend that the mis-.
sion 80 CHINA he raised 10 one OF the hrst class
POLITICAL mGHrs AND FINANCIAL oBLIGA.
e. r.r.. ~FIl TlOKs. r.uHT-. .r Il. "'Ha
On assuming the responsibilities Of the Chief
Magistracy OF the United states 1t was with the
conviction that three things were essential TO It's
peace, prosperity and fullest development.
FIRST among these IL strict integrity In minllmg
all our obligations; second, to secure protection
TO the persons aud property OF the citizens of the
United States In each and every portion or our
common country wherever he may choose to
move, NItnOut TeltFtnce 10 Oflkiuhl uhtlOuHiltJ,
religion, color or politics. demanding OF him only
obedience TO the laws and proper respect for the
rights of Others. Third, union of all the States
with equal rights, ndestructible by any constrtu'
tonal means. To secure the first Of these Con.
gress has taken two sscntial steps FIRST In de-
claring by joint resolution that the public debt
should be paid, principle and interest, In com
and second, by providing the means for paying.
Providing the means, however, could not secure
the object desired without proper adminlstra.
ton OF the law for the collection or the revenue
al <.F
this subject the administration has most earnest
ly addressed ITSELF with results, have no doubt,
satisfactory 60 the country. There has been no
hesitation In changing officials In order tn secure
an efficient execution Of the laws. sometimes |
when, In mere party Wow, undesirable political
results were likely to follow; nor has there been
any hesitation In sustaining efficient officials
against renonsirance wholly political. ., ~
~ THE TENURE-oY-ORIIcE ACT. .U'
II may be well to mention here the embarass.
ment possible To arise from leaving ON the statute
books the so called tenure-Of.onico act, and 70 |
earnestly recommend its total repeal. IL could
not have been the Intention Of the trainers Of the
constitution, when providing that appointments
made by the President should receive the con.
sent OF the Senate, that the latter should have
federal appointment against the will Of the Pres.
ident. The Law i5 consistent with n faithful ad-
mnistrntion Of tie government What faith can
an Executive put 10 officials forced upon him,
sonl How will such officials be likely TO serve
an administration which they know does not
trust themy For the second requisite to our
growth and prosperity, time and firm but ha.
name administration Of existing laws, amended
IRON time tO time "a they may prove harsh or
unnecessary, are probably all that arc required.
The third cannot he attained by special legisla.
ton, butmust be regarded rs fixed by the con.
stitution ITSELF sud gradually acquiesced In by
the force OF public opinion. r,,..H. II
ISDIAS AFFAIRS. ..... 10
From the foundation of the government to the
present the management OF the original inhabi.
tants of this continent, the Indians, has been q
subject OF embarrassment and expense, and has
been attended with continuous robberies, muir. |
ders and war. Prom my own experience upon
either Legislation or the conduct of the whites
who come most i'm contact with the Indians
blamelcss for these hOstilities. The past, how.
met AS we now lind II. have attempted q new
policy towards these wards OF the nation. They |
cannot be regarded In any other light than as
wards. With mir results, as far as tried, and
which 1 hope will be attended ultimately with |
great success, the Society Of Friends Is well
known as having succeeded in living In peace
with the Indians In the early settlement OF Penn.
other sections were constantly embr0iled. They
arc also known for their opposition 70 all strife,
violence and war, and are generally noted Tor
their strict integrity and fair dealings. These
considerations Induced me To give the manage.
ment Of few reservations Of Indians 10 them,
and u throw the burden of selections OF agcnts |
upon the Society itself. The result has proven
most satisfactory. IL will he found more fully
.et forth In the report Of tho Oommis sloncr Of
Indians. ... .r. .4 ... 49,.
FOR the supcriptendence OF Indians not on the
reservations, officers OF the army were selected. |
The reasons for this are numerous. Where In.
dian agents are sent there, or near there, troops
must be sent, and also the agent and commander
of the troops are independent OF each other, and
are subject TO the orders frOm the different Ie. |
partments Of the Government. The army officer |
holds u position for liisi The agent one at ne
viii OF the President, The former !: person,aily
and in the establishment OF permanent peace, |
Ia the end that some portion Of his hio may be
spent within the limits Of civilized society. Inc
reason Is an economical one, and still another |
the hold which tbs Government has upon u life |
oesT 70 SECURE gr Is mns seal b 81 hui a
railroads and the access Thereby given TO all the |
agricultural and mine raj regions OF the country
IL rapidly bringing civilized settlements into con-
tact With all the tribes Of Indians. No matter |
wha, ought 10 lie the relation between such set. |
dement's and the aborgnecs, the fact Is, they do
not harnOnikc well, and one or the other has to |
give way In the cud A system which looks TO |
Tire determination Of race IL too horrible for
nation To adopt without entailing upon itself tile
wrath Of all christendom and engcndering In the /
citizen disregard for human life AMI the rights
Of others dangerous To society. see no substi. |
tute for such system, except In placing all the
Indians ON large reservations us rapidly as can 1
be done, and giving them absolute protection |
tiiifts AS tbOu rs tnty Vft IL, tltl /
should be inducei to take their land In sections,
and Ia sci up territorial government for their own
protection. For null details on this subject, l |
call your special attention 10 the reports Of tie
Secretary Of the Interior, and the Commits ioncr |
of Indian Affairs.
THE WAR DEPARTMENT..
The report Of the Secretary of War shows the |
expenditures Of the war department for the year |
ending the Both June, lSsl, To bc $sO,Gti ,0t2 Of
which 81, 81 $40 was dsbnrsed In the payment |
.,f. laI xxn IL
ehargeable 10 the current army expenses. Ills
estimate of i,ajl ,0Jl for the expenses of the
army for the next fiscal year Is low II Is be.
lieyc,l can lie relied on. The estimates Of bureau |
officers have been carefully scriitinized and re.
luced whenever II has been practicable. lf,how-
ever, the condition Of the country should besucli |
by the beginning Of the next fiscal year rs 10 al. /
init of greater concentration Of troops, the mp.
preparations asked for will not he expended.
The appropriations estimated for river and har- |
Dor improvements, and for Notifications are sub. /
.Nal..