The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-11-25

Interesting Speech OF Commissioners "a
pron ON the Resources, labor and In
terests of the South-Cotton Production
Rivalry of India-Cotton Prestige OF
Georgia, sc.
General Capron, Commissioner OF Agricul-
ture in the course of his remarks 1T the Georgia
State Fair, on the 18th Instant, spoke OF his ac
ceptanee OF the invitation to be present IN the
sprit i'm which 1t was tendered-a spirit OF mutua
{ concession, sympathy and encouragement. lie
smoke of the richness OF the soil OF Georgia. lis
nhosphates. marls, mineral wealth. water power
climate, productions, &C., in highly eulogsuc
vein. In this connection, he advised the total
extirpation Of ant 'ent prejudlces Iorgetfulncss
of what was behind md "pressing forward TO
that which is before, aiming to advance the united
interest and brighten the consolidated glory OF
great and growing nation" The commissioner
said
u The change in your labor system involves q
radical change In the manner and appliances OF
sultiyation--a necessity which many ol you iuiiy
realize and thoroughly understand. free ianoi !,
10 be most efficient, must be educated laoor-in
certain degree skilled labor; 1t must be supported
antfsupplemented by improved machinery. so that
every dolar expended in the exercise OF human
muscles may become two by the magical augineil-
tation of rural mechanism. IL Is thus tii;t our
lands must be cultivated and crops grown' III
part by Drawn, in part by brains
This chan pe In labor also involves the necessity
for smaller farms, better culture tne use VI o
ures roia! ion in crops and larger WORKING capl-
tai In proportion TO permanent nVeslhe .l. It,
Broad acres OF impoverished SOIL, WltnouI aoui-
dant means for needed fertilizers and nXtures'
machinery and farm animals, are not only nom
productIye but absolute sources OF cost anu us
couragement-a mill stone upon the neck ol en-
| terprise Without a working capital at least
equal to that Invested in land recuperatlon must
be te1ious and the profits OF farming small: with
rs aid utilizing the labor at command that whlen
is more efficient and Intelligent VIII naturally
= AZ q natural sequence to this system OF indus.
trg variety In production will take the place Oi
an unceasing culture OF cotton anu corl. Iue
broad capabilities OF soil and cnnale VIII nave S
free scope and exercise, and while the product OF
| cotton viii be greater than now, there WIN pe
corn enough for man and best. an abundance M OF
beef pork and mutton, the finest OF VeSeIaOles
and rarest OF fruits, not alone Tor nome cohs9up
fjon but for the supply OF less favored regions
Sugar, in favoring soils, may take the place OF
cotton as an export crop, sorghum may yleid its
sweets for local use OF dwelerS among tile nllis
multitude OF new and profitable crops may
swell by millions the grand aggregate OF the cash
receipts Of agricultural labor. Ramle introduced
in 1855, in the botanic garden at washington, anu
propagated for years in the experimental garuen
or the Department OF Agriculture, promises 10
vie with cotton In profit and usefulness II the
manufacturers succeed In improving anu cheap,
ening It's fabrication and thus create great ana
permanent market for the new fibre, whicn can
nbe produced In unlimited quantities az reasonaoie
prices.
= You have also an immeasurable source OF wealth
in the cultivation OF fruits. Even that most Valu
able OF al domestic fruits the apple can be pro-
dnced here in the highest perlectlon; IL Is tfue
that failures have resulted rom introducing
varieties OF Northern origin, bus your pomoio-
eists have collected native varieties fully equal III
dayor and Keeping qualities to the best of those
from any other section. -
| Merely mentioning the pear and the peacn-the
latter especially reyelling In yopF es;sa. es;.
heightened STANDARDIZATION me to direct you at
tentiop to the fig and grape. The former OF tnese
urobabIy requires less skill in propagation and
care in culture, or In drying or osner preparation
for market than any other iruit OF vaige.
The grape, more capricious as TO climate anu
locality can here enjoy It's favored region. On
your hilsldes the best table and wine-grapes OF
the Northern States will attain periection ana II
Ii nrophesied that only on the elevated lands and
mountain slopes of the Southern, States WIZ the
region be found that is to yield wines equal TO
Johannisberger, Tokay or MargeauX; wnlie III
your lowiands you have the famous Scuppernong
shat even now Is highly esteemed both here and
| in foreign countries Vast developments await
y0u In this direction; and when you renect thas
even on your wOrn-out land, unit Tor corn or
cotton fruits and wines may be produced III tne
greatest abundance and perfection, the pr0ptie-
Iy OF giving attention to these crops VIII DC
come apparent. ,,,,,
iacturers must occupy the sites OF water powers,
and the surplus forest products be USED IN pro-
pelling machinery by steam, thus peauti my
Your State and enrichlng your people, hot onl!
6y the products and profits Of this industry, put
by the stimulus 1t will afford to agriculture IN tfe
consumption OF its products aud the enhance
nent OF their values. hope to see the DAY wnen
with the help OF manufactures In other states Oh
this conntry we may be able to manufacture
every pound OF cotton that we can produce. You
NAV. IN self-defence, be compelled to doit, as
Great Britain Is already preparing TO colonlze
india with the skilled laborers Of Lancashire as
teachers and directors OF the teeming mllIions
whose services may be had for remuneration
scarcely appreciable. Ship abroad among the
nations OF the carth at little cost for frelg9ts ana
cornmissions all your cotton IN yarns and laDrcs
bearing the added value OF much cunning LABOR
ready for the markets OF the world, rather than
SsPsas Ssaps foF oPth the . sale Of he raw material
The small beginning OF five and hail mllnons
ar hounds Of cotton manufactured In this country
in lfol, increasing TO fifty millions Ill ISL mas
augruented to four hundred and nifty lnliiion III
1ssS one million bales Of four hundred anu nlty
pounds each, consumption greater than tiaI
attained in 1850. 1t will continue TO increase,
and with its swelling volume, chanse 'ne wn0ic
current OF trade, advancing our national weaith
and prosperity. ...o 1,r..,,,
| cotton commission to attain independence 0Wl VI
foreign markets through their Indian empire. IL
Is true that the fibre known as 'Sullts seliS at
lower rates than our uplands, but II shouiG DC
remembered that IL Is owing more 10 Careless
handling than to any defect III the staple tsen,
and hat strenuous and systematic EFFORTS are
producing cleaner and better l0re. ii the
hDhers," with their clumsy machinery, nave pro-
duced from this cotton, with careful manlpu.a-
zion OF the fibre from the beginning. tue liest
thread known, measuring one hundred aid MY
miles to the pound, and running 10 NO .OO IN
fineness, may not the teachings and practice OF
skilled English labOrers In India YET IicIte u
sharper competition than ne have heretofore ell-
counteredf 1900. 49,.
Portions OF India possess some OF the most pro
6uctye soils of the world, peculiarly adapted 10
the growth Of cotton. Their production Is lnui-
Gated by the following statement: Ihe anhual
consumption for the whole OF Europe at pIeseht
is about $500 600 bales-it has been greater-oi
which america sends about 500 0OO DaieS, lnula
about / 400 900, Egypt about 25O0Oo, DraZu aoout
seo 600. other countries $4,000. Approximately
1000 600 are reported by the Indian co mmssion.
Yet do not believe we are to lose the lrst Iiih
as cotton producing nation. Our opportunity
lies In a better and more perfect cultivation ol
the soil, its thorough 9raion, draining Ill hcaIy
lands, and liberal ..lanuring; more coinpetc
adaptation of the implements OF It's cailure 10
their peculiar work, the invention OF laDOr-saViS
expedients and processes, and the reuucuOn 10 u
minimum OF the costly use OF the human huseies'
regular rotation system OF cropping, Dy Wnlch
the soil may be constantly improving rather ti!ail
continually "wearing out" and finally, proper
uniformity OF length, freedom from foreign ad-
mixture, and perfect cleanliness may be secured.
These are the points in which India cotton Is de-
Acient and In which ours must continue to excel.
To secure longer, finer and evener staple Is
artirelv practicable. IT. however, IL can only he