The Republican journal., 1869-12-09

away from the United States, and they contribute
nothing to its revenues they avoid the duties of its
a claim of protection. | have directed the diplo-
matte and the consular officers of the United States
to scrltinize carefully all claims ofprotection.
The citizens Of the United States whether native
or adopted. who discharges his duty to his country.
is entitled 10 his complete protection. While |
have a voice i'll the direction of affairs | shall not
consent to impair the sacred right by comforting it
upon fictitious OF fraudulent claimants.
The extension Of Railroads in Europe and in the
East is bringing into competition With our agricul-
tural products the products of other countries
Self-ncrcst. II not sepreservation therefore die
tatcs caution against disturbing any industrial in
tefc>t OF the country. 1t teaches Us also The ne
cesSlty OF looking to other markets for thc sale of
our surplus. Our ne ghbors south of us and China
and Japan should receive our special attention. 1t
VIII be the enleavor OF the administration to cult
waite such relations with all these nations is to en-
TILE us TO their confidence. and make it their inter-
est as well as our own to establish better CONNER
cal relations; Through the agency of more en-
lightened policy than that heretofore pursued, to-
wards China, largely due to the saeacty and the
efforts OF one of our own distinguished citizens.
the world is about to partake largely of increas-
ed relations with that populous and hitherto eX-
elusive nation. As the United States have been the
lnitators III This new policy. they should be the
most earnest in showing their good faith in making
il a success. In this connection | would advise
such legislation as will forever preclude the en-
slavement Of the Chinese upon our soil under the
name of Coolies, and also prevent American vessels
from engaging in the transportation of Coolies to
any country toeratin@ the system. | also rcconl-
mend that our mission to China be raised 10 OF
first class. On assuming the responsibilities of the
Chief Magistracy of the JTnion it was mvconvction
that these things were essential to its peace pros
perity and fullest development. First among these
strict integrity in fulfilling ell our obligations
second, to secure protection to the persons md
OIODpltV OF the citizens of the nitnI
and every portion OF our common country, wher-
ever he may choselto move. without reference TO
original nationality religion color or politics de-
mandin" of him only obedience to the laws and
proper respect for the rights of others: third union
of I'LL the states with equal rights. innStr,lcr by
any constitutional means.
To secure the first of these. Congress has taken
two essential steps. First, in declaring by Joint
resolutions that the public debt Shcl be pai,l nrn
cipal and interest in coin. and second by royilino
the means for paying. Providing the means. how
ever could nor secure the object desired without a
proper administration of the laws for the collection
of the revenue and an economical disbursement of
them. TO this subject the administration has most
earnestly addressed itself with result have no
doubt satisfactory TO the country.
TENURE OF OFFICE ACT.
There has been no hesitation in changing Officials
i'll order to secure IN efficient execution of the laws
sometimes TOO. when Ill mere party view un,psjr-
able political results We're likely to follow, Nor
has there been any hesitation in sustaining efficient
officials against rcnonstrance wholly political If
may he We'll 10 mention here the enrbarraS> mpnt
possible to arise from having on the statute books
the called tenurc-of-otce act and to earnestly
recommend its total repeal. II could not have been
the intention Of the Trainers of the Constitution
when providing that appointments made bv the
President Shomd receive the consent of the Senate
that the latter should have power to retain in Office
persons placed there by federal appointment against
She will of the President The law i, Inconsistent
Win falihfill administration of the Government
" III ivp If al,
upon him. and those too, whom he has SUSPENDED
for reason: How will snc officials be likely to
serve an administration which they know does NOT
trust them: For the second rcouisi1e 10 oI,r mroyth
and prosperity time and a firm but humane al-
miniStration Of existing laws. amended from time
to time as they may prove harsh or unnecessary
are probably all that is required. The third can
not be attained by special legislation but must he
regarded As fixed by the Constitution Itself and
gradually ''qnio~ced in by force Of public opinion,
INDIAN AFFAIRS.
From the foundation of the government IN tha
present time the management of the original inhab-
ltants OF this cOntinent-thc Indans--haS been -
subject Of embarrassment and expense and has
been attended with continuous robberies murders
and war From my own experience UpOn the from
tiers and in Indian countries. do not hold either
legislation or the conduct Of the whites who come
most in contact with the Indians bameless for
these hostilitics. The past however. cannot be M
lone. and the question must be met as we now find
it. have attempted a new policy towards the
ward. Of the nation-lthcy cannot be regarded in
any other light than war,ls)-with fair results so
far tried. and which hope will be attended III
tlmately with great success.
The Society of Friends is We'll known as having
in living in peace with the Indians in
the early settlement ct PENNSYLVANIA while flo
ncghbor> Of other >ects in other sections were con-
>tantly cmbroile'i. They are also known for their
opposition to al! strife. violence and war, and are
generally noted for their strict integrity and fair
dealings. These considerations induced me to give
the management of few reservations of Indians
to them and to throw the burden of selection of
agents upon the Society itself. The result has
proved most satisfactory. 1t will be found more
fully set forth in the report Of the Commissioner of
Indians.
For the >llpcrintcndenrc of Indians not on the
excavations. officers of the army We're selected
The reasons for this are numerous. Where Indian
agents are sent there, OF near there, troops must
be sent: and also the agents and the commander of
the troops are Independent of each other and are
subject to the orders OF the different departments of
the government. The army officer holds position
for life. The agent one at the will of the President.
The former is personally interested in living in har-
mony with the Indians and in the establishment of
permanent peace. to the end that some portion of
his life may he spent within the limits of civilized
society," The latter has no such personal interest
Another reason is. an economical one: and still
another hold which the government has upon
life officer to secure faithful discharge of duties in
carrying out Il given policy is the building of rail-
roads and the access thereby given to all the agr-
cultural and mineral regions of the country is rap
idly becoming civilized settlements. and in contact
with all the tribes of Indians
No matter what ought to be the relations be-
tween such settlement and the aborgncs the fact
Is they do not harmOnlzc WELL and one or the other
has to give way in the end. \ system which looks
TO the eXtci'Minaon OF a race is too horrible for !.
nation to adopt without entailing upon itself the
wrath OF all ChrlStendom and en9endering i'm the
citizen disregard for human life and the rights of
others dangerous to society. | no substitute
or such system except in placing all the Indians
large reservations r3OjUlV rs taO hn
md giving them absolute protection there As
soon they are fitted for it, they shall be induced
% take their lands in sections and set up territorial
government for their own protection. For full de-
ail> on this subject call your attention to the re-
ports of the Secretary of the Interior and the Conn
missioner of Indian Affairs.
The report of the Secretary of War shows that |
he expenditures of the War Department for the
year ending June 80, 1869, to be SSOG44,O42 of
which S23, S62,30 disbursed in the payment of
lebts contracted during the war. and is not chars-
sblc to current army expenses. His estimate S3i,
,31 OBI for the expense Of the army for the next
iscal year is as low it is believed can be relied
III. The estimates of bureau officers have Deen |
carefully ScruiniZed and reduced whenever it has
Deen deemed practicable. If. however, the condi- |
IF the next fiscal year to admit Of greater con-
,entration of troops the appropriations asked for
will not be expended.
The appropriations estimated for river and h,l- |
DOR improvements and Notifications submitted
separately. Whatever amount Congress may deem |
proper to appropriate for these purposes will be |
expended. The recommendation of the General |
If the Army that appropriations be made for the |
Orts at Portland, Boston. New York, philadelphia