New-York tribune., 1869-04-10


slave is for bis labor, and both arc unencoura1ed
and poor. There is such thing then, as cultivat-
ing labor and what makes the man grow will make
the cane grow-that is to say, liberty of work.
THE SITUATION AS IT APPEARS IN WASH
INGTON.
lFROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT .,....f
WAsHNGToY, d. c., April s.
The Revolution began on the 10th of Octo-
Der last Carlos Manuel Cespedesa man whose name Is
douprv aatined to live In history with that OF Wash
ngton, the "Father "a his Country"supported by
force OF but ono hundred and tw1ntsavan men, pro-
nounced In favor OF Republic, issuing at Bayamo, the
place OF his residence address to his countymen and
the world which, for ylgor Of statement and dignity OF
defense for the act lie had taken. will deseryedy stand
in the foremost rank Of State papers. The
opportune character OF this act is shown by the
undsputed fact that, within week, Gen. Cespedes found
himself at tho head OF 1900 men, and the recognized
chief OF Provisional Patriot Government 1t fact
quite generally known that the movement thus ausp-
cously begun tho result Of sudden impulse nor
OF hasy conception. II had been long and carefully
planned Twelve months ago, several Of the leading
patriot commanders In this city and consultations
were freely had with public whose names II will not
be this time 10 give. They were assured or our
sympathy and II possible, cordial cooperation In their
struggle against power whose history on these cont
nents has always been antagonism to our own and
during the recent progress Of our momentous civil war
IL Is the tme the Cuban leaders visited
tins city the 2d OF February last was the date hxed for
the beginning OF their movement Spain itself being in
revolutionary throes tho opportunity OF an earlier ana
probably successful blow not overlooked or lost
Six months have nearly passed since thei signal was
given and the Republic OF Cuba appears here to ask for
recognition What has It done to entte 1t TO inerna
tional consideration
Bayamo the starting place OF the Revolution, now In
ruins Is In tho extreme Eastern portion OF the island
Cuba has h Of 9s7 square miles Thus Is nearly
As large as England md, with n fecund soil and
amazing prollhcness II eonld easily support 100000 OF
inhabitants It's geographical and commercial position
are unequaled The present population OF the island is
about OoO Of whom about 100000 are native CuDans
white or coored. or tho remaining 100000 there may
DO 900 spaniards troops, employees OF the Government
"carpet bag adyentGrers &c the balance are probably
ensayed Africans who have been brought there In de-
spite OF efforts 10 suppress the slave trade few thou
sand residents probably citizens of the United
States or OF European States, engaged in business. OF
the ants OF Cuba there are not then 100000 persons
who either friendly or indifferent to the Spanish RUE
and among these not ono single born Cuban The re-
naming portion Of the people are oil bitterly hostile 20
a.. continuance and everywhere ready 20 show thas
n,,,I,y as orpostuuIty win the daily ana un
doubted evidences OF this important fact In the shape or
news from Havana that appears In our papers, nearly all
Of which i filtered through the Spanish censorship there
\
proye the unanlmity OF the CnDans. l.I. I
Tho best proof found In tho steady progress
OF the Revolution itself Since It's inception u mas re-
ceyed no one serious defeat but on tho contrary mas
daily enlarged its active boundaries aud moro seriously
ippered the Spanish rule. The Irorstona Government
of Ci.ba Ia at his moment master Of least Nyeehs Of
N, sntye area oTe Island; commands all hs interior
rin,s NJ communication ui6i h RerohaiIonfssd terri
,y, Il treat,ns The control o(e Spanidrds orer me re-
,aini,o tco-fths; VI has confined the troops operating
noninst them chiefly 10 the sedbodrd and 10 me "d"s 0
feo trineipdI toonS; IL has an organized semIhih"y
Gor,r,,p,nt ch0se authority s readily d'd seriously re
sn,eted bg me people; has today an amy OF orer $1,000
m,, a., ne reld aud could easily double hat number gn
,os.ession Of farms and proper equipments 30 much inc
Revolutoh has practically accomplished 1t hash reality
done much more from the outset 1t has established
| the poIIcy OF Emancipation and fnl enfranch-
ment Of all citizens It's purpose The moral yane OF
this unduaaod position has been immense There IS an
other notable feature in the success 80 far achieved
n TINT has been gained by tho almost unaidcd eIer
tons Of tho Cubans themselves In spite OF all reports
there has been but very slight aid given from te out
ado either from our shores other OF the neghborng
American states A few small cargoes OF arms haVo
been run in but even these OF recent date Ahothe
nont Ia that from the outset the movement mas oeen
| regular and orderly, carried forward uhoer or
oanized direction, and with definite policy
70 pude Tho Provisional Government, OF which
cosnedes is the known chief, has been every
,,hsre recognized by tho Cubans Whatever
differences and Jealouses may have existed ana tl
there have such they have never been
uowed 70 impede the patriotic work At the present
oment tho entire Eastern Department with the excep
on OF the seapors and two or three interior places o
mnoranoe like Puerto Principe, are controlled Dy the
penub,icans About onethird of the Western Depart
ment s also really by them the Spanish forces being
confined 10 the Cinco villas (ave towns OF Remedios,
villa Clara Clenfuegos Sagua la Grande and Irindea
According 10 authentic information received mere she
Patriot forces arc distributed about az follows; IL tne
ayamo and Mayari section last named place now
the seat OF the Provisional government ueh Sespeuo
| hss nnder his own control and that Of his imme'
a,sts seooud.incommaud, Major.Gen. Donate del
Marmol. about i2oOo men, This force could easily DO
auhled or trebed II arms were attanabe In the upper
t,on OF the oriental Department Quesada Is opera
nu With about 1900 men, Of whom one and the larger
eoumn In the neghborhOod Of Puerto Principe under
| ths Immediate direction Of Quesada, Is quito wen
oupped In the Cinco villas district tho patriots nave
a force of about 1900 men, considerable portion VI
which "A tolerably well armed. Every week makes
favorable difference In this armament. In inc iaS'
named region one OF the principal Generals 10 fuoo,
Donincan mulatto who fought with considerable oreo
| against the spaniards in is6lI62
The military policy pursued by tho patriots mas pecn
one quite well adapted TO their situaton The Eas'eih
Deuartment IA traversed by tho Sierra dc COBRA ioy
range OF mountains, which afford admirable aoio"''o
| opportnnity The Jurisdictions In wi'oh 'ho
| revolution began are the most sparsey sc'''eu
| portions OF the Island. They are also 'lo "V''
| mountainous. The chief product OF the pa9""o
section is coffee The vicinity OF Puerto irnop0
and Clnco Villas ia tho sugar growing ais.i'o'' ""''
beyond there and TO west Of Havana Is 'he p'p'p