The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1869-07-15
The Armiea OF the ereatl Po,rsr,a.

/ the organization Of the armies Of The
great powers, and affords information al
Eto their present condition worth con.
densing into readable lin. ts. IN
The North German armyis faiend out
of population OF 80, 000I 600, 1t cor.
sists of 5000 regulars, Sg0, geo ssre,
serves, and a laudwehr or drilled militia
of ,000-making grand total Of
1,020, 900 men. This force is raised by
an annual eonsoription of 100, 900. The
conseripts, drawn at about twenty years
of age, serve for three years as regulars,
then pass into the reserves for four years,
and then, after five years service in the
landwehr, are finally discharged-havinp
served twelve years. This is the peace
| footing. When war breaks out, each
battalion Of 500 mon is doubled by the
same number drawn from the reserves.
The landwehr then undertakes the re.
serve duties of garrisoning fortresses and
keeping up communications, thus libe.
rating the whole Of the regular troops
for field service.
Austria musters total force of ]. .O53.
600 out of population of $4,000, 900.
The army consists of 255, ,O00 regulars,
545, 900 reserves, SO, 900 frontier troops,
and landwehr of 100000 Each year
1000 conscripts are drawn. These con.
scripts serve three years in the regular
army, seven in the reserves, and two in
the landwehr, and then, like their North
German neighbors, are discharged, hav-
ing served twelve years. Of tho young
men of military age (twenty to twenty
one) In each year who are not drawn,
the bulk are assigned to the landwehr.
where they serve twelve years. The re,
mainder have no military duty to per.
form. In case of hostilities, the war
footing is reached by each regiment re.
calling from its own reserve the required
number of men, the landwehr succeed.
ing to oil garrison and guard duty, as in
North Germany.
Russia has recently re-organized her
army upon the North German system.
Out of population of $1,000, 900, an
army of 700, 900 is maintained, which, in
case of war, can be raised to 1000. OOO
by recalling the men on furlough. She
draws 100, 900 conscripts annually from
the young men between twenty-one and
thirty years of age, who are enlisted for
fifteen years, but one-half the time on
furlough.
France holds that the Empire is
peace, with 400, 900 regular troops, 1OO,-
900 foot and 22S, 900 second reserves,
and Garde Mobile of 100000, making
in all an army of 1,O5S, coo, out of a
population of 37,500,0OO. Each year
the conscription takes 100000 men OF
about twenty-one years of age. OF these
O,OUO go at once into ranks for five
years, and then pass for four into the
second reserve, and are then discharged.
The second portion, or 80, 900 remaining,
constitute the first reserve. They are
cont hack N fhnir Ill
five months during the first two wears.
but remain enrolled in the reserve with.
out peace duty for seven years longer.
All the young men of military age who,
i'll each year. are not drawn as conscripts,
are enrolled in the Garde Mobile, and
receive not more than fifteen drills OF
one day each during the year. The wal
footing draws on the two reserves in sue
cession, and places the Garde Mobile on
guard ut the fortresses and lines Of com.
munication.
Great Brltain's army, including the
forces in India, is estimated at 1873, ,OOC
regulars, 13O,O 900 regular reserve, and
lS4. .OOO last reserve. OF the first re-
serve all except 1000 regulars are pen
sioners and militia, while the last reserve
is made up of II. 900 yeomanry and ITO,
600 volunteers. The British army re.
cruits $4,000 annually, out of popu-
lation of 100000. These recruits OF
course go into the regular army, where
they serve twelve years. The reserves
being, with the exception of the pen
sioners, little more than voluntary or
ganizations under the patronage of the
Government.
North Germany withdraws from indus.
try one in 800 of her population, and
maintains regular army of 100000 al
IN annual expense of S49,0OO,OOO. Aus
tria takes from industrial pursuits one in
$40, and keeps 308, 900 men in the field,
Mt an annual cost of S41, 100000. Rus.
sia takes from industry one in 660 Of her
people. and keeps 100000 troops afield,
at q cost of sos, 100000. France, by
drawing one in 600 of the people, keeps
400, 600 regulars always ready, and pays