The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-07-20
IRELAND.
The Present Condition Of the Island-Emgrn.
tion the Iucrease-Statistical Informa-
tiOn-Dreadful Increase of Pauperism-P0s-
ton OF Pariies--An Orange Manifesto.


tion-Dreadfui Increase of Pauperisu,-Posi-
ton OF Pariies--An Orange Manifesto.
DUBLIN, July s. 1862
The present is period pregnant with importance
in the history OF Ireland and will without doubt be
looked back upon as such by future historians.
Under these circumstances brief survey OF its gen.
eral condition may be acceptable to the readers of
the NEW YORK HERALD, who comprise, am aware,
in addition TO the intelligence OF the United States
many well wishers or the Green Isle 1t is an unde
nable fact that although an unusually large share of
the time and attention Of British legislators has
been bestowed on Ireland during the past couple OF
Observation-Disclosures OF bills keenly discussed and
passed into awthe pacidcation of even the majority
OF its inhabitants far of as traveller
through the country Just would have the Old
story to repea.-''a gloom seems TO hang over IT,"
trade runs but slowly without signs OF lie or cas
ITCHY, and capital trickles In correspoDdingly
diminutive streams. Ia few days journey ne
could number scores upon scores OF dwelling houses
untenanted and fast passing to complete decay,
those being alone the historic mud cabin OF the
starving peasant, but remains OF more substantial
brick and slate edifces
No doubt there are herds of lowing oxen and
beating sheep rambling over the remains OF the de-
parted propretors paddocks, gardens and out
offices. To communicate with thosedeparted spirits
he should follow them across the waters Of the At
lanrlc-they have left the country, emgrated. But
emigration nothing new from Ireland, the reader
may remark True; but the returns published re-
Gently in the HERALD show that the numbers during
the past six months exceed all previous averages,
and In looking closer into this fact l find that
those emigrants of a higher grade than
those OF any previous years. l find that during
the past six or elgnt months an immense
total OF cash has been withdrawn from savings
banks, IN sums varying from twenty ponnds up TO
$500 and $500 aud tae bank officials Inform me that
IN most OF these the drawer sadly shakes his
head and often brushes away tear as he tells the
clerk his account may be closed, as he is going to
| America IN a week. The prospects OF good mar
| vest and consequent high wages has, Tor the mo-
| ment, checked the outpour Oh abiebodied iaborers;
nevertheless the recent efiux Is most keenly felt
| here because 1t comprised so much OF the wealth
| and intelligence.
statistical returns have just been issued by the
| government collectors which iorcibly Illustrate the
result OF this In the year 1867 the number Of hold
| ings IN ireland was 597,iis, VIII
Not exceeding acre. Observation-Disclosures. 506l0
| Above l, and not exceeding acres.......... 7s04
Above s. and not exceeding 10 acres. 173475
Above 49, and not exceeding 80 acres 136503
Above 80, and not exceeding so acres. 7l1o5
| Above 80, and not exceeding 100 acres...... 5l752
Above 100, and not exceeding 200 acres. 81 GEL
| Above 300, and not exceeding 500 acres. $500
Above 500 observation-disclosures. 1869
The changes which have occurred from that pc
rod TO the present show small increase III the
number OF holdings not exceeding one acre; but
holdings above one and not exceeding 1--WE acres de-
creased by LOIS, holdings above I'VE ana moi ex.
ceeding ifteen decreased by s82 above thirty aud
not exceeding nifty decreased by $50, above two
hundred and not exceeding five hundred decreased
by 30. The explanation OF these figures IL that the
class OF small propretors has very considerably re-
duced their holdings are absorbed by monster
graders and large holders, and the fofmoy are now
TO be found scattered over the the various emgra-
ton districts the world The total OF Ireland
was thus divided in lso7:-Under grass. 1915 pei
cent; under crops, 1913 per cent; fallow OIL pei
cent; plantation, l6 per cent; bog and waste 2l.s
, per cent.
II we now examine the returns OF the Poor Law
Commissioners It appears that IN 1859 the total O
| cash expended under that system was G6ls, GA
since that per0d the number OF the pauper class hal
| so largely increased that the amount expended
during the twelve months completing the yea
relieved IN the warehouses; beng 6leii. II the sys
TEN Of outdoor relief be further test or the cond
ton Of the country the figures would indicate rapi
celved outdoor relief. In 1859 IL rose TO 1903 an
has continued 10 increase TIL the hIRn daily averag
OF IT, s62 persons il shown under this head In the n
turns for 1861 No DOUBT the more luxurious art
) cies Of food and Clothing have advanced very niue
in price during the same PERIOD but this has not e.
) tended TO the staple food Of the peasantry. Oatne
e a couple OF years since was Ell ton; 1t has mo-
/ gone down TO Ell. Indian meal was si2; It Is no
!, but f7 los. Whether this continued drain OF popu
;. ton and increasing paupsrlsm OF those left benin
n may eventually BIO Tor the benefit Of the country Is
n question for the political economist. merely see
" | TO record facts for your Information.
q From among the mass OF statstlcs can 0nl
~ Gull one item OF an encouraging character-thei
| has been considerable decrease IN the numb
y | OF criminals committed and convicted IN 1866
q Tae number committed was 4,i27, or s94 less tina
re- in iS6765 the convictions 1884, or $3.50 less; the
he | ouittaIs | .709, OF "a less.
ve Not for considerable time past has the divsit
ID OF the people Of Ireland into two rival camps be-
re more marked than 1t Is at present This is the
30 suit Tor the moment " the struggle over Mr. Ola
- stones Church bill. The 0rangemen have subsid
n from state OF violent erment INTO one OF sulen
~ | dignaton and gloomy reticence; but one or "
~ | ,manestoes have issued from the Grand Lodge dt
\. ng the past fortnight, and people await with gre
y. anxiety the results OF the coming anniversary Gel
70 bratlons OF the "BOys OF Dcrryp on the 18th Ju
- | Meantime there has commenced an attempt to
" | qanize n new party, under the title OF ihe TT
~ irish Nationalist It's principles may ne gather
~ from the foHowlng extract from their manifest
~ issued a few days slnce:-
- Athts crisis OF nation when all the old lai
~ marks OF religion and OF constitutional law to be
- danger OF utter su0vers0n, ana when the House
u ords the appointed guardians OF our venerable cons
IA ton m Church aud State appear either unable or. unw
NJ 10 Their DUTY With the courage AID determination
~ nj SUCH TIME ne lca1crs vi that