The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1869-03-03

nearly 100000 But, at the same time,
and whatever may be the reason OF it, the
newcomers preserve the traces OF their
origin, and do not merge ''"n into one
type, and the so-called Canadians remain
English, French. Scotch. or Irish the two
latter not reliDquishing their national ha-
tired. and raising at times the green and
orange flags, in defiance to each other. It
is Colony, no doubt; the country is new,
but the inhabitants belong to old races,
which makes striking contrast with the
United States, where everybody is Amer
lean. Canada, with lis old French popu-
lation. its new Anglo-Saxon and Irish
inhabitants, and in the immediate neigh
borhood of the United States, is destined
to break her bondage. Some political and
economical reasons, old and new rivalries,
and above all, strong sentiment of Cana
dian individuality, have hindered the Can
adams from effecting their union with the
United States Independence, under the
nominal sovereignty of England, answers
better to their ideas; but this independ-
ence is easily alarmed. and very sensitive.
When the British Government proposes
to establish taxes on real estate in order
to defray the expenses of public works,
the Canadian Parliament hastens to sub
stitute customs duty of 20 per cent on
English merchandise. The cold and re-
served relations existing between the
British Government and Canada. are due
to the conviction, on both sides that Eng
land would not wage war with the United
States in vindication of a purely Canadian
interest. and that. on the other hand, Can
ada would not hazard hostillties with her
neighbors for mere British interest. But
their union is not the less strong for all
that, and neither Of them has wish to
break it,
If the English Government may be able,
with due attention paid to the national
of the Canadians, to over
come the political difficulties, will it be as
easy for it to triumph over the material
difficulties inherent to the typographical
condition of the country? They can be
briefly told: The navigation of the st.
Lawrence is interrupted every winter by
the ice then Portland, Me-, takes the
place of Montreal, and New York that of
Toronto, and during four months two
thirds of the Canadian products have
either to lay in store or to pass through
United States territory. On the other
land, Chicago. the main American bust
less place in the Northwest, situated on
,he southern shore of Lake Michigan, has
10 other uninterrupted communication
With the sea than by the Canadian rivers,
While the only connection of the western
English establishments on the Red River
With the rest of the world, is through the
American steamers and railways.
All the public works now finished, or
,eing finished, can be summarily said to be
in two enterprises: LIST, a
abroad from the shores of Lake Huron
% the coast of Nova Scotia, traversing
he Canadian peninsula, and running near
he st. Lawrence End, canal, winding
is way north of the Lakes, by means of
he Ottawa River and Lake Nipissing,
which, terminating at Lake Huron, lessons
" 450 miles. the distance of Chicago from
he sea. In the meantime, the trade of
canada with the United States is daily
The vicinity, the development
# the population on both sides of the
axes, the force of the circumstances by
which countries of different natural re-
ources are led to exchange their products,
all these reasons combined have render
d, or will render the trade of the two
ountries superior to that which has ex-
sted between the Colony. and the mother
ountry.
Canada being country devoted to ag-
icultural pursuits, is favorable to the idea
f free exchange, and this is one of the
easons why it is averse to a union with
he United States. The Canadians who
ave resisted the real estate imposts would
ot submit to excessive customs duties. |
he receipts of which would go into the
'ederal treasury, instead of serving to
omplete their own public works. In the
resent state of those works, they would |
use the great advantages they expect |
ON them, if they were to merge them
elves with the United States. The Can
dams are too brave people to be COM
elled by force, either by their home Gov
rnment or by their powerful neighbors, |
ut their patriotism does not render them
,sensible to the advantages resulting from
ublic works, and in order to insure more
ffectually the loyalty of Canada, England
Tould do well to substitute more railways,
nd send fewer soldiers.
The cultivable lands of Canada are not
0 extensive as is commonly believed: on
be south, the United States frontier is
lose to the valley of the st. Lawrence,
nd on the north, it is limited by the icy