The New York herald., 1869-08-26
THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION ron TEE AD-
vAHCEMEyT or SCIENCE.

SALEM, Mass, August "a, 1909.
The sixth day OF the session OF the Scientific Asso
clation was like it's predecessors. full OF interest
although the attendance not as large as hereto
| fore The first communication read at the general
session was one from the directory OF the Boston
Music Hail, inviting members to the hail to listen
to the "Greta Organ"
The vote on the resolution In regard to the place OF
the next annual meeting Of the Association laid
over until tomorrow. proposition having been
made authorizing committee TO select Niagara
Falls as the next place OF meeting.
After the election Of several members tho Assoca
tion adjourned to meet In sections.
Professor D. SILLIaAN presided In section A. The
following papers were READILY p. II. Van der
weyde-"The Spectral Bands, Considered az Har-
monies Of One or More Fundamental, Longer wavest
Lying Beyond IN the Invisible Caloric Waves;r
"AtomIc Volume aud Atomic Distances Of the Crys-
talized B c." by Gustavus Hnrichs; elemental
Fibresn illustrated BY models), @. II. r. wanng;
"The volumetric Determination OF Carbonio Acidn
by c. Sealy; ION the Relation Between the Intensity
OF Light Produced by the Combustion Uf Illuminating
Gas and the Volume of the Gas Consumed, BY B. si-
Imam; Remarkable Case Of Freezing Fresh Water
Pipes In Salt Water" by W. W. wheildon; "On the
Origin OF Muscular ana Mental Force" By George F.
Barker, "The Physical Theory OF The Principle OF
Thermometer to Determine the Period OF Solar Rota-
tionn by PIiny y; Chase; CONDITIONS Of perfoc
fSs oy Sw S
niteIy Astatic," by M. @. Farmer.
Professor Silliman's paper on gas proved very In
teresting With other observers lie had long been
OF opinion that IN case Of variations from the stand
ard OF i've cubic feet to the hour and 100 grains OF
puted down to the stated terms by the Rule OF
Three was an erroneous mode, but that there were
gives the foliowin t6eorem-"Ihs intensity Of gas
flames 4. e., their Illuminating power Increases
within the ordinary limits OF consumption, as the
calls "Farmer's Theorem y as the irsI experimental
demonstration was made by William Farmer, Of
consume but three and half feet per hour would be
pronounced OF 2s.57 candle power, while Farmers
per centum. Professor Sllllman gives the result Of
series Of experimental tests which 20 to establish
s S his aa 60 nGw a
volumes greater or less than the assumed standard
OF five feet per hour in the simple ratio, are abs0-
utely worthless. The the0rem applies with equal
force to the weight or sperm Consumed by the
in equal times. Applying the theorem 70 the Of
very rich gases obtained from camel and other rich
coal shows that the concldences WITH tns require re-
closely accordant to be considered otherwise than as
pointing to Its general truth. For the information
OF consumers Professor Silliman lays down the rule
that where moderate hight OF equal diffusion over
large space Is required 1t may be expedient to use
numerous small Jets; but where the maximum In
tensty OF gwen volume s desired intensity burn
ers OF large consumption are plainly Indicated.
The following hypotheses were proposed by Dr.
| Van der Weyde In his paper on light undulationS
and musical vibrations:-l. That the spectral bands
are with but one exception, the narmonics of the
| fundamental vibration OF the luminous mOlecule
lying beyond our range OF vision. 2. That the only
substance OF which the fundamental vibration is the
visible octave Is sodium, which gives the yellow line
| d, corresponding with velocity OF vibration of
$50, ,0O0 900 per second 8. AS the two bands OF po-
on6s Of Which ave sof OF ve
to nine, they point TO fundamental wave OF forty.
five degrees, which, when reduced 10 the musical
scale, would, for the Fundamental tone G, cores
pond with Il and u In upper octaves. The doctor
then reviewed the lines Of hydrogen, oxygen, &C.,
and after stating that substances OF more compli-
| Gated spectral bands appeared to point to two or
| three fundamental vibrations, the subject was
%sss s ni ne sman
| others took active part, thereupon ensued.
| In section the following papers were read-"on
| Ch. Fred Hart; "rhe Homologles and General
Structural Relations OF the Poyzoa," by A. Hyatt
| ton in the Valleys of the Maranon and Napo" by
| Theodore GILL. "On the Age and Relation OF ths
by George T +. Matthew and L. W. Bailey, of the Geo
| logical Survey Of Canada; "Relations OF the Geo
ogy OF Ohio to the neighoorng states,n by J. New
was read BY @. Strong Hunt, who illustrated bis re
marks by map which has recently been made.
'On the Rartan Clays Of New Jersey" by ]. s. New
| bury.
| Prof. @. F. Hartt's paper pointed out that the
bases OF the great plateau Of Brazil chiefly consisted
OF series OF gneiss and schists OF eozofc and pal.
9OZoc age. The eastern border OF the plateau was
composed Of gnessose rocks similar In character to
| those OF the North American eozoic, TO which they
doubtless belonged: This gnsiss bel belt which ex-
res OF folds which determined two mountain ranges,
that Of the sierra de Mar and the Sierra da Manti.
Qulera The highest point IN Brazil belonged to this
range and called the Peak Of Italaioss and was
about 900 feet nigh. Prof HART was of the opinion
that the aurerous clay States lower sllurian,
| and as possibly belonging to the Quebec group.
Whether part Of this group might be Devonian was
doubtful no DevSnlan rocks having yet been rscog
| teristic coal plants and beds OF bituminous coal
were found IN several basins oa the coast and the
southern part OF Brazil. The cretaceous formations
Of the Brazilian coast showed evidences Of disturb
ance After the cretaceous formation nearly the
| whole plateau was depressed. over the plateau
| were deposited very heavy beds OF san0stones aud
clays After the land rose the sandstones we're tre-
| mendously denuded and were deposited along the
| coast beds Of similar Character ebutting against
| the edge OF the plateau. These last beds, together
with the whole plateau, were gaciated and covered
professor Agassiz took some exceptions to the re-
fishes obtained In the valleys OF the Maranon ana
Napo. He said that each OF the great hydrographic
basins OF Brazil were OCCUPIED by dliereat iannal
combinations. He gave sketch OF some OF his ex-
| plorations In Brazil. lie ana his young friends mad
found In the there abort 500 species of shes
| which was about ten times as many rs were known
| before. II could be geologcally demonstrated that
up to q comparatively recent period the rivers and
| water courses IN which these fishes found did
not exist, and consequently these tshes were OF re-
| cent origin.
In section c the following papers were read:-"The
| Constitution OF Man, as Modified by Light, Heat aud
| Codn by Clinton Roosevelt on ''rhc Amos, or Harry
| Men OF Yesso, Saghalien and the kurc Islands, IA
| map OF Northeastern Asia and Northwestern America
| was exhibited, showing also the Islands whose in
| habrants were the subject or the paper); "Evl-
| dences OF High Antiquity In the KjGkkenm9ddcn
Deposits OF New England, by Professor =. 5. Morse,
| OF Salem; "De Botocerdos VI Brazi,' by Professor
| q. s. Hartt.
| Mr.. A. 8. Bickmore's paper on The hairy men was
full of interest. He described the construction OF
| village inhabited by these men on the Island OF
| Yesso. The bouses are generally of one room ana
| their outward appearance Is uniform. Their clotl
ing Is made in q aborlous way from a yarn twisted
from the inner bark Of tree. The killing OF bear
| Ia considered the greatest ieat man can perform,
| and the number OF skulls OF the animal exhibited 10
| a house is the mark OF distinction OF its
owner. Their principal drink rs kind ,,ei OF
| rice whiekey Wives are not bought, put
| presents to their parents are expected. The
man can marry twice but the woman only
| once. and then their lips are tatooed. Upon the
death of a wife, her habitatton Is burned. future
state ia not dreamed OF by the inhabitants. Their
Il a,,I, oh i1n npanr Ia