New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-11-08
ENGINES And MACHINES.
A REVIEW OF WHAT WAS on DISPLAY AT THE
INSTITUTE FAIR.

A REVIEW OF WHAT WAS on DISPLAY AT TIE
INSTITUTE FAIR.
Foremost and conspicuous in the center of the
long apartment in the Of the main building we had
five magnificent steam engines. What blaze OF polished
METAL What backward and forward sweep Of rrtsst-
ibe arms how That enormous castron fly wheel Is sent
spinning like q boys top, as DOseiess as on infants
breathing but mghter than the concentrated strength
Of hundred gants These engines ARC here on compe-
titon they all work we'll that 10 requires much expo
rence and nice mechanical knowledge TO enable ono to
understand the difference IN their construction Let IA
see IL a comparison Will not aid Take common up
and down chuTn make the dasher t snug In the barrel
of the churn and the handle m tight In the Id Now
bore two holes, one near bottom aud near the
top; attach holes iandetho tubes, httod
with stops boiler that is producing considerable
steam First open the stop that connects with tho bot
tom hole The space below the dasher viii be ed with
seam and the expansion of 1t will lift the dashcr. Now
open the stop that with the top hole and tho
dasher will be pushed down. Open thelower ono and Is
goes up, the upper and it goes down. Change now tho
wood OF the churn. tho dash and handle for cast
steel, make everything wODdrOus strong and tight,
and you have engine. 1t requires however, most
constant and vigant attendant to work the stops. But
ingenuity solves the problem by and valve rods
calculated make the up and down strokes Of tho
piston work the stops that supply and cut OF the steam
But the quantity and force Of the steam vary ali the
time and an irregular motion must DO tho result To
master this objection long time sore puzzle to me
chaDics; but at last the perfected Two
heavy balls revolve vertical shaft when the motion
lie swift they fly and the motion thus obtained 10
connected with the valves 20 reduce the supply Of
steam; this slows tho engine and tho balls fan nearer
each other this motion letting ON more seam Thus tho
quantity Of admitted regulated by the acquire
meuts Of the engine itself Now the browning
wonder, the last and the cOuSummate mechan-
"A
After some steam is admitted TO ono end OF the steam
box churn ts expansion will push the piston through
most Of the stroke the heat aud elasticity Of
vary all the tme that opening quite sufficient TO
do the work will n great deal Of steam,
uselessy, the fire Ia made little hotter. In other
words the engine wanted provision by which tho
exact point In the stroke, where cut Of
lated according the elasticity of tho furnished
in such way that no motive power Is wasted, but tho
stroke has just much wants, and and has
It precisely when 1t Is required. In short the engine
have is cunningly equipped that its
best judge Of ts wants and has self regulating power
that DO too much admired These engines in
competition mainly as to their'cutoR devices. The
COrliss and the Babcock engines have ~
arrangement that is complex and beautifully
adapted and the judges have found the difficulty
in deciding that is I'm any respect better than tho
other The Delamater cutoff Is a marvel Of simplicity
and arrives at complex results BY parts few. yet
ounnngy related, that II 1t does the work well. 1t
quite transcends the complex mechanism resoed TO by
Coriss and by Babcock So much for the engine; tho
mechanical paragon OF modern times the mighty tool
by which the great WORKS OF our CIVILIZATION are accom-
We viii glance at the boilers; ana hero see tho
study has been divide the water In tubes. Ia cast
iron globes connected by tubes In such way N TO pre-
sent the greatest heating surface TO the FUEL and II cX
ploslon happens may partial aud nearly
Whether The tubes or the globes or some other device
the best has not been settled at this competition. In
truth, the engine Ia much more advanced than tho
methods by which It's motive power Is generated.
In the same shed with the boilers noticed com
Others as the cheapest and hest OF all the small
Baxter's vertical engine IN" steam box down near
the fire, so there is no cooling OF steam bY travelling
through long tubes. hundred pounds Of cOalbat II,
four common scuttles fu-wl run this engine hours,
doing work Of four horses The works arc atop Of
the boiler the whole looks like engine hard at work
the head Of iron hogshead the economy of space
and IN construction thus gained quite admirable In
the engine rOOm besides what have described were
great humber Of pumps Of different patterns and saws
and planes for cutting wood In various ana curious
shapes. The gig saws did the beat work. the band
saws working nearly well operate much faster Aside
that wood be cut into shapes with amazing
rapidlty is interesting to small class Of
Has there been any material advance IN replacing senm
by motive power less expensive and dangerousi The
only crystalZed answer 70 this question IN our Far
the electrical engine. To understand IL the reader
refresh his knowledge OF electricity enough 20 bear In
mind that q piece OF iron like an ox.bOw with wire
wrapped All around H. is called helix and that stream
of electricity poured mat wire and made to rush
many times around the oxbow, make 1t attractive TO
pece iron called Now suppose fasten
dozen Of these Ushaped pieces OF iron on spokes and
just above them are a series Of arnatures ON wheel,
the attraction each for the pioco Of iron will
give motion. The strength Of the motion WIN depend
upon the size OF the ox'b0ws ana the quantity
OF electricity poured around them - In. other
words upon the quantity OF zao that . Is
engines OF this description for working seWingmachnes
and light pumps are practleabe they may be run et an
outlay lOf aelu ana zinc OF two cents an hout some
consider them only philosophical toy others hold that
another motive power here supplied 10 our Industries
II certainly shows the drift OF modern invention work