The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1869-11-01
Article L.
POLITICAL RIGHTS OF THE CITIZEN.

frauchsed or deprived OF any Of The rights or prtyi-
leges secured TO any cti2en tnereo, unless by the
law OF the land OF tae judgment o. his peers.
SEC. the rial by jury IN al cases II wllchit mas
heretofore been used shall remain inyolaele forever;
except thai IN suits in Justices courts provision
may be lade BY aT lor tf.al ~ jury IF less thau
twelve men; but II jury trial Hay be waved by the
parties Isl al civil cases.
SEC & The nee exercise aud enjoyment OF reli.
Gscgs pfC. ess.ol ana Worship, without otscrilnna
ton OF preference shall forever be allowed III this
state au4 no person shall be incompetent 10 be q
witness On account or his religious Deuei but the
Aoery OF conscience HEREBY secured shall not be 50
construed as % excuse acls OF RIGHTEOUSNESS or JUS.
tfy practices inconsistent with ne peace safety
OF Tie state.
Etai not be suspended, unless when IN cases Of
helioa Or INVASION the public safety may require It's
suspension.
SIC. 8. Excessive BAH shall moi be required, nor
excessive fines imposed, nor snail crGcl or unusual
punishment be Indicted nor laail witnesses be uu-
reasonably de. AIMED.
SEC. 4. 30 person shah be held TO answer for
c4iit4l or Otherwise Infamous crime, unless on la-
dictlnent ID grand jury, except III cases OF M
peaehIneni and in cases arising IN the militia whea
III aetua service, and tie land aud naval forces IN
time OF war, or In the forces whca the state may
Keep, with The consent OF Congress i'll time VI peace,
and III Cases u pctit larceny, under the regulations
OF the Legislature. In any llinl In any court the
party accused shah be confronted with the witness
against him. AMI be allowed 20 appear and defend
III person aud Win coun o., as IN ciyii actions. 40
person sAalI be tNlce pat IN Jeopardy for the same
offence nof shall he be compelled, m any criminal
case, 70 be q witness against himself, nor be de-
prYed OF lie hperty or properly without due pro-
cess oflaw; nor shal private property Do ta4el Tor
pubic use Without just compensation.
SEC. = Nhen private properly shat he taken for
public use Tie coapeusat Oh to ne made tAere.Or,
when SUCH compensation Is not ma re BIZ The state,
shall be assettalued by jury Or " noc less Jlan
three comial slOGers .qomtcl IN court ol record,
as shal be prescribed by law Fi,Tat4 fo@-a l4ay
be opened tn the manner 70 " prescnp8l 1y law;
out III every case tne necessity 81 the fctd aua tue
amount u damage 10 pe sus al1ed ~ tGu opening
thereof snaA be Grst determined by jury u NEE
holders ANA such amount Win tic expenses Of tAe
proceeding, shan pad ~ le person 20 Dc bene-
nted The fee Q. .and taken IN fair ad tracks,
without consent 81 the C~AeeS t5s.ey4 saal rsAAiA
III such owners, s9bjec to tae - possession Of the
railroad company Wnl,e used Tor such purposes.
General laws may be passed polAsisaS TIC owners
or occupants Of lands to construct aud MAINTAIN
necessary drains aud ahehes 10. agricultural pur-
posea across the LANDS OF o.hert under plof n G.
str.ctous aud with Just c0mptt 70 .0a; bat no sge-
clal laws sAa1 be enacted lor sue purposes.
SEc i. Every dizen may f'cely SPEAK, write aud
publish his sentiments Oh oil suD eCt5, being RESI- pom
sfpe for inc abuse Of that right; AM 10 law SHAH We
passed y restrain Or abrdgc the it0ety OF spec n
or of tie press. III all eriMlaal prosecutions Tor
libel the trntl may be given ~ evidence - the jury;
and ii II sAa appear tBat The matter charged a.
loclious i true and was published WIN good mo-
Hyes and for jdstnabe ends the accused s8du ne
acquitted; and tue jury snail nave tho rslt 10 de.
tefniBe the law and che TACT.
SEC 9. The right OF the people 10 BE- secure IN their
pelsous houses, papers aad effects against unreal
sonabe seizures and searches shall not he violated;
ana no warrant snail issue Without probable cause
supported By oath or affirmation, particularly de-
scrblng tue place TO 9e searched ana tile persons
ana things 10 be seized.
reht of me nearls peacaopv ~ nae. in nsl, az
ton tie government or any Department thereof
soveraignfv ela 1eeTuej ~ nossess tba nrs,si ana
Intimate nrnDerJy III ANA "a An Lands Eifnin mo
ursdirfon ~ Inc State and al lands tho IItle III
when sh9ll fan frSm . defact ~ heirs snail revert
ar escnnaf il lilo feo,Ie
SIC III IN GstiIal tenr,es az every description
with an their ncjdents are declared TO be aboished
savng hoSvatnr ~ ranta en sar eas certa,p Syhtrh
ar anS tine 6srl Sio,e nae hean iaNfnv craateI or
reseryeI '
Srr Ill An Iands within tho state arr decJarel tn
he ollo1al 10 mar snl1aci oniy 81 ,6e ns,i{iy "a
eNcheaf ma entire AMI 9bsoYe pr1nerty = ye tel
IN Inc n,yOers ncrorIIny III tna nafnra 81 mar no.
spectve estates
c,vT a M leega or ,r-an. ar o,rtet,t,urat lana
hereafter made for a 7o9ler perioI tban twenty
wears III which il reserved any rs4t or ger; ce snal
he valid
srg III All anes auatter ealos ar other Ike 70.
strants upon alienation, reserved III any grant OF
land hereafter 20 DC made, saal. he VOID
$40. l5 such parts or tue common law aud or the
acts o. ne Legislature az the colony Of New York
together dd iOrm The laws 81 bc slil colony on the
mr. fgQuI aH4 f.tr.F rsrs4 ffta