The Anderson intelligencer. [volume] (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, 1869-07-15
HOYT- & CO., Proprietors.

those of the finest letter paper made OF
RAYS alone Among the members OF the
inrv there existed not the least doubt that
the peculiar gluten which is so common
TO fresh vegetable substances exertea
some influence upon the frmness, bril-
liancy and smoothness of these papers
Among the assortment OF wood'papers'
either mixed or pure, there was wrap
ming paper and also an ordinary printing
pa5er of pure wood fibre, both of which
looked very fine; they did not, however,
nrove to be as firm as the kinds above
mentioned, and it appears, indeed, that
wood fibre is not fitting material tor the
making of paper that is to be subjected
to great pressure. Other than the kinds
already spoken of, a fine writing paper
with thirty per cent of wooden fibre, 81
handsome note paper with twenty per
cent, and silk paper with as much az
fifty per cent of wood material attracted
much attention. The wood employed
was poplar.
The fact that wood and straw can bo
obtained in any desired quantity makes
them unquestionably very proper substl-
tutes for rags. But both these materials
can only serve as such to q certain degree
Wood cannot replace line altogether, no
more than straw. The straw fibre,
though exceedingly firm, possesses too
much transparency; and the WOOD 1oro'
though very smooth and elastic, and Ca
pable of taking on the highest finish,
lacks that degree of 6rmness necessary
to make it fitting material for the man.
ufacture of the finest kinds of paper.
The very best kinds of paper that can be
made without the addition of rags are
perhaps those consisting Of equal parts
of wood and straw. Such a paper is
turned out in large quantities by the
Philadelphia paper mill upon the Schuyl-
kill river, the largest of tho kind in the
United States.
With respect to the economical side OF
the question, however, both of these SUBJ
stitutes offer decided advantages Though
requiring more mechanical power in or
der to bring them to the proper degree
of 6neness, they are, nevertheless, con-
siderably cheaper than rags aad require
a smaller amount of chemicals for the
necessary bleaching process. The wood,
finally, suffers waste of only ten per
cent; straw, however, from thirty to sew.
enty per cent, according to the kind of
paper made There does not seem TO be
an absolute superiority of one over the
other. Local conditions appear to decide
the question as to which takes the prece-
dence.
Tho process for making paper from
wood and straw used at the Philadelphia
paper mill is chiefly that cf Mr.. Voleter,
in Germany. Some improvements in the
apparatus have been made. The wood
employed is poplar Wood and straw
are cut with an ordinary rag-cutter, after
which they are subjected to the action OF
caustic lye for several hours. The latter
process is carried on in common boilers,
those for the wood having diameter of
8 feet and height of l6 feet. Two of
them will hold one cord of wood. The
boilers for the straw hold each from $500
to 5000 pounds, having q diameter of 6
feet and length of 20 feet. The lye is
conveyed to and fro through heated
coil of two-ineh pipe of length of 300
feet. The contents of tho boilers are
subjected to pressure of So pounds per
square inch.
The raw materials, after having been
reduced to pulp, are bleacbed by the
application Of hypochlorite of lime, and
otherwise treated in the same manner as
pulp from linen materials. 1t may be re-
marked here that Barnes Blondel, in
Nantes, France, before treating the wood
en- fbres with soda, subjects them to the
action of nitric acid, whereby vapors of
hyponitric acid are given off. The Phil
adelphia mill obtains 800 pounds of paper
from one cord Of wood, and so pounds
less than the preceding amount from one
ton of straw. Four tons of paper are
manufactured daily. The paper is sized
in the ordinary manner, 200 pounds re-
quiring only one pound Of glue.
The mill gives employment to some
thirty-fve men aud twenty-five girls, and
pays out as wages some 5000 per week.
It turns out a paper consisting of pure
straw, also one which is made up Of equal
parts of wood and straw, and finally a
paper consisting of one half rags, and the
other half an equal mixture of wood and
straw.
CONSTABLE HUBBARD.-The Augusta
Chronicle and Sentinel says: "Tho prelm.
ac TIL ILL., Lo1