The New York herald., 1869-09-18


missing augury for the future OF the brave, inteh-
gent and hardy people inhabiting this grand old
peninsula. With the bitter experience OF the past
and In the presence OF the ever threatening
attitude OF the colonies OF the north
and the ambitious course OF the Prussan
giant It is not singular that the friends and support
ers OF the national autonomy or the Scandinavian
people should seek some means Of better preserving
their independence. Each little Power here Is alone
unable to cope successfully with les gigantic
neighbors. Together. thoroughly united, and ami
mated by noble resolution to rather perish In the
ruins Of their countries than to them become the
unhappy conquered provinces Of either Russia or
the North German Confederation. they might oner
such resistance to the encroachmeuts OF either
Power to Issue from contest victorious aud free.
Everything conspires to bring about such q union.
The language OF tho Norwegians, Swedes and
manners religion and aspirations are almost
alike. Nothing intervenes 10 keep them apart,
except petty jealousles and trining differences,
that may DO and surely will be removed. Let
but tho people. inspired by . common danger,
mako common cause. and we shall witness the
growth OF q Power that viii maintain its inde-
pepdeuce and take an honorable rank among
heirs OF OF Tue D present royal houses Of Denmark
and Sweden and Norway is the FIRST and
upSan ..S step to in as Sssnd than march
towards more perfect and satisfactory union
tiop Of distinguished philologists from tue various
scandinavian nations mas assembled IN Stockholn
=. prepare basis FOR more perfect na nsm Of
adopted and 1t wil once be taught Ia all the pub
lie schools or the two kingdoms and introduced as
Of thus more hereafter. intend only this time to
lay before you some facts Of the recent highly i'm
Character Of tSs national deences Of Sweden and
Norway, changes called for by the necessities Of the
Kingdom 9nd its political and geographical re-
not permit Sweden, even with the utmost exertions,
to maintain navy 80 large and expensive as to be
able, as IN former times, to bid defiance to Its pow.
from approaching It's coasts. An attack on the Pc
Hinsula "a to be expected In case OF war The skar-
gards-that part OF the coast thickly studded with
rocky lslands-and inland waters will then form an
important part OF the scene Of action and IT s there
artiery, rightly adapted to them and correspond
ing to the requirements the time. On this basis the
Few deiences are to be erected. and it is conf
Of the country may be made against superior
enemy than Is to be hoped for from sea-going
IN aUer 1sss hao as Seses 10 g e
against the enemy on the high seas. pecuiiar SER
vice connected with the army fa,rnens fottd). with
port the movements OF the army; but as sail was at
the time the principal motive power on long exped
SE s e sed the 81
between the TWO services. Mlstaklng Its real aim,
and forgetting that according to the nature
the army than the navy-though as far
as concerned the condition of It's material
a,ss Ss aoUa sought especially to q attain naval sH
and therein to cope with the navy proper. II over
looked the necessity OF acquiring thorough local
CARDS. which Is equally important and difficult to OBJ
tain, and 1t also overlooked the su more important
% % sSa 1eaye ~ to tine art 81 taxing
constructing, managing and laying out mines, OF
blocking up entrances TO harbors by sinking vessels
active operation OF the army-ln word, It set aside
T. naval ss ana ssawsn,hp consequently !as
was Identified with the navy (orlogs
dotta) Notwithstanding the tradition OF many an
false conception SO detrimental to the country gained
ground that the skargard wars were art In which
all were skilled who possessed satisfactory naval
ability for man9uvring gunboat and suficent
skill IN gunnsry for serving cannon; and the idea,
too has become prevalent among his Majesty's
Of the navy, If both seaman and an artlerist, will
mako able officer in the coast service (skargard
sso But er4or eas been iona hst Is
maneuvring the largest men of-war and navigating
them In f0reigp seas but also the same ability in
leading the defence OF the peculiar and intricate
skargards and inland lakes, when the battles are
ulOSty 10 Ue lOuBuL Uu buOIe duu dlWayS Ou u uelu
OF action; when victory Is to be won rather by
military aDty than naval Skill and when the rules
for war on land must be followed. II 1t were posi-
bic for few to acquire tneoretic knowledge In the
two services differing 50 widely from each other,
it would be scarcely, possible to expect
They differ too widely from each other
and each requires the full attention, zeal and
strength Of an able person. especially In this age,
which by nnumerabe inventions has made and
il still making 80 many improvements IN the ART
and materials OF war. A division Of the work has
therefore been found Indispensable, as only in this
way will 1t be possible to attain nat thorough prac
tcai ability by which alone the Swedes can hope for
victory over an enemy superior In material and In
personnel. For the above reasons, which are GER
tainlY sound the board OF of1cers selected BY the
King TO examine into the subject recommended to
his Majesty the proprety Of dividing the navy into
two independent serviees-the Royal Navy tkungl
Fottan) and the Royal Coast Artillery (Kung Skar.
CARDS Artillerlsts). This report has been adopted
and the change completed, OF the improvements
In the vessels constructing for the coast arttl
ery and OF the duties Of the two services and their
organization, I must speak In another letter, as
they viii be OF great interest to persons Interested
in the proposed new defences OF the United states.
| viii also give you an account of the new navy
rapidly approaching completion, as many improve
ments Of great value have been adopted many OF
them the fruit OF the Perence IN the late Amerl
can war, as well as OF the inventive genius OF
Ericsson and eminent Swedish officers. new style
OF iron.clsd for inland water defence is not the