The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1869-08-07

While an old shepherd with an Oat
Pipes to the autumn breegeR. "a
i'7t':eT Savage ZssssssT.
TIE SCHOOLS or FGERMANY. !"
A Dresden letter says: .-.a ......'
The best schools in Europe are found in Ba-
varia, in Saxony and in Prussia. and the best
In these countries are found in Munich, in
Dresden and in Berlin. In these cities the
schools are conducted With primary reference
this end. the SUBJECTS Of study are SO c ASST
fed and taught as to lead to the acquisition of
knowledge in scientific manner. notice, as
go about to the different school-rooms Of a
large educational institution, that they are
0ll wfft supplied with the means Of illustrating
every TOPIC that is taught. In ono school-rOom.
in which tbotany is studied, I saw the plants
aor 81 ~ p9 which
another room, wLere zoology is taught, the
students were supplied with specimens OF the
objects they are required to study, and these
ways before the st1dent as he studies, or near
him to be used as illustrations as he recites.
The teachers do not require rules to be COM
mltted to memory at first, and then all mental
operations to be perf3rIhed in q blind obe-
diepce to the rule, but they require the rule, or
general primo pie, to lie der. we'd from an obser-
Hef. :-t1 l.. al II'-. - =.
In the stn y OF language tho pupil is led to
the principles CT construction by a etudy ol
constructions be has himself beer, led hv his
teacher tea cher temake, ard Language is in no case to
ideas and thoughts which the e language ae ex'
presses. The teacher of geometry first teaches
by object lessons the prlpclples upon which
geometrical REASONING depends; then the pupil
1s led to the solution of problems by meaus OF
/: his own reascalng. IN which he himself makes
on application OF the principles he himself has
learned. The pupil is trained to observe BY
bV ong p y seasonng and to
have visited, the teachers have for the primary
objects OF their thoughts, IA they teach, the
wants OF the human mind. The German mind
ingly, IN all plans of German education, a
thorough classification OF eubjects of study.
The schools, are graded, md the different
grades are related to one another in accordance
with the plans of study. In Bavaria Ssxony and
PRUSSIA there are schools ol!led Volks schools
or peoples schools, in which the common
branches OF learning are taught, and which all
the German youth are required by law to at
ten0, rom the age OF seven 10 ten years in
some States, and from SIX to thirteen years in
others.
The law is popular with ali classes and is
risidly enforced. The common people. as we'll
port to the common schools, at O'clock In
the morning the streets of the city are filed
with pupils OF the primary schools and stu
satchel Of books tied to his back, mar -bing
cheerfuv to his appointed place for study.
After 8 O'Clock no children Of school age are
parish OF . town must have at least one prim-
ary or elementary school, anu most towns, in
addition to these elementary schools. have at
leastone upper burgher school,. as it is called.
The German children at school all appear
neatly dressed, and, what am sorry to say s
not always true in my own country, thes chill
dren are trained to good manners. When
stranger enters school-room, the children all
rise and remain standing until the stranger is
seated, or until they are invited to be seated;
and when the visitor leaves, the children ali
the door behind him. This practice IS observ-
ed IN oil the GRADES of schools, from tho first
primary ap to the senior class in the unlver-
IT parent is not able to clothe his child
properly for school, then he s clothed at the
pubic expense. The children of the rich are
found sitting on the same seat with those Of
their children to receive their elementary
training in the same classes in which the chli.
dren CT the humble are trained. and the boy
son best. is the best fellow while his young
school days last. whatever distinctions may be
made in after e. After leaving the common
scaoos t'c1t tAe e ,rman youth can enter upon the
trade school. where they remain thres
wears, and prepare for the various trades
they may choose to follow. Then he can fol.
low his trade, or he can enter the industrial
an engineer, . chemist, &C.; or, il he wishes.
he Can pass from the industrial school 10 the
polytechuic scheol. and prepare to take Nigh
position in the mechanic arts. The student
may leave the common school also aud enter
the gymnasium, where Latin, Greek, mathe-
mates, rhetoric, history and chemistry are
taught. From the gymnasium the students
can take up the study OF profession. or be
can go thence to the university, where he can
ht himself to take the highest position in tie
profeesion he clooses, aud where no can know
all the subjects OF his sandy as scencss.
IN the gymnasia the students are required
10 study and reclte thirty-two hours per week,
ana before graduating to pass over course OF
study which requires nine years to complete.
The German teachers, as o class are bet, ar
prepared for their work than the teachers of
any other country They arc encourag ged to
ft themselves for q high excellence in their
profession by the preference wblch is always
given TO teachers who have q professional
training. and by the honor which is eyerv-
where accorded to teaching as . profession.
In Germany the boys ars always educated
apart from the girls. and q mae teacher is al
ways placed over q class OF boys, nad uat1ally a j
female teacher over a class OF girls. In the
graded schools OF the cities the teacher con-
tinues over the same class from the time it en-
ters the school until it's graduation. This
plan requires every teacher to be qualified to
teach an the topics found IN the whole cour %
OF study. Teachers OF one State are ENCOURAGED
bv the government 10 visit the schools or other
States. so that any Improvement made in the
schools IN one section mly be rapidly intro
duced into the other sections. Toachars are
also encouraged to hold conventions for utual
improvement.
DEATH OF MANSON JoLL1.-Thls news will
pc received with regret by the many friends of
fhls bold and daring Confederate soldier. W.
learn that private letter has been received
stating that NJ ,nson Jolly was drowned on the
stn stl: OF July. near his home in Texas. He was