davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The States and Union. [volume] (Ashland, Ohio) 1868-1872, 1869-02-10
pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago
Railway

On and after Nov. 23d, 1868, trains vii
cave Stations daily, tsundays excepted,
as follows. Train leaving Chicago at 40,
p. IN, leaves daiiy.] Train leaving PItts-
ourgh at $50 p. m, leaves dAily-J
The States and Union. [volume] (Ashland, Ohio) 1868-1872, 1869-02-10

and such other herbs and roots as will il
all cases assist digestion, promote the secre-
lions of the system in the natural channels,
and give
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Pruning in Winter.

Some farmers seem to be afraid to
prune their fruit trees in winter, lest
the frost should enter by the wounds
and damage the trees. They need
not fear any danger from this cause,
says the Western Ruros, as the frost
enters into every part of the tree and
thaws out again. Large limbs cut
off in winter or at any other season
give considerable check to the
vigor of the tree for the ensuing sea
son, but if the wound is coated with
gum shellac, dissolved in alcohol no
danger will result, If pruning has
been neglected last Spring and Fall,
it is better to perform the work now
than run the oh nee of having it ad.
iourned again sine die next Spring.
1t is better to prune gradually, bring
ing the head into proper shape and
letting sunshine among the branches,
than to allow the trees to form thick
head and then cut away large
branches.
Suckers are very injurious 20 apple
trees, as they Absorb the ingredients
which are required for building up
the stems, branches. foliage and
fruit. They should be grubbed up;
merely cutting them down level with
the soil, will do more harm than
ever. Some farmers say they leave
on the suckers to keep rabbits from
barking the trunks, but this is only
a weak excuse for careleSSneSS and
neglect.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
The EARLY Goodrich Potato.

This was originated in 1860, by the
Rev. DR.. Goodrich, of Utica, N. Y.
After raising many thousand seed
ling potatoes, he selected from among
them several veryifue and distinct
varieties. among which was the
above. 1t has been tried North,
South, East and West, and proved
to be a favorite everywhere though
comparatively new. Its peculiar
merits are earliHess, large yield, ex
emption from rot while growing,
keeping we'll when dug, and withal
a first rate mealy potato for the ia
BILE. 1t neither has deeply sunken
eyes, nor projecting knots on the sur.
face, and the>skin' and flesh are white
which are no small considerations
with a cook.
In the North where Irish potatoes
are raised so successfully, the spring
continues cool and moist for some
weeks, which allows the potato full
time to mature. But with us the sea.
ssh is often short, and the warm wea.
thcr lessons the yield of our common
varieties. But this difficulty is great
ly removed by the cultivation of the
Goodrich potato, which ripens sew.
eral weeks earlier than the old yari.
elies, and at a season too when the
highest market prices can be obtain.
ed. Last season l sold nay entire
crop before any new potatoes were
in market, at three dollars and fouz
dollars per bushel, currency, while
others could only realize two dollars
currency for the first brought to town,
i Lacdcd Commercial.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Measuring Land.

Almost every one has some way of
measuring land, either by regular
PAGES or by estimating distances by
the eye. When accuracy is not re-
qulred, either of these will answer,
but they cannot be depended on.
The Maryland Farmer gives the fol.
lowing table of distances by which an
exact acre can be found, which will
prove a convenience to many besides
farmers and gardeners
yards wide by 96S yards long,
contains l acre.
10 yards wide by 4s4 yards long
contains l acre.
20 yards wide by 242 yards long
contains l acre.
40 yards wide by I21 yards long,
contains 1 acre.
80 yar,ls wide by 60! yards long
contains acre.
7Oyards wide by SO yards long
contains l acre.
900 feet wide by 1913 feet long con
tains 1 acre.
40 feet wide by SO feet long, con
tains l acre.
ITO feet wide by 800 feet long. con
tains l acre.
60 feet wide by 726 feet long, con
tains l acre.
LA feet wide by 1913 feet long
contains l acre.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Wild Goose Plum.

The st. Louis journal of Agriculture
says:
"This plum is undoubtedly a seed
ling of the Chickasaw, but so much
superior to it in size, quality, firmness,
adaptSbillty to shipping long distances
and its immense productiveneSs, as
well rs its early belring, rapid growth
and long duration, as to fully entitle
1t to distinct appellation. The fruit
is quite large, averaging from three to
three and half Inches In circumfer-
ence. 1t Is very solid and firm, adj
mits of rough handling, bears market
ing admirably, and. if gathered when
almost green, will ripen nearly IS well
rs IL left on the tree-thus enabling
the grower to send it hundreds OF
miles fer sale, and, when exhibited, to
have the satisfaction of seeing 1t in
perfect condition, well matured, and
almost as fresh as when first plucked.
The tree is as hardy as the wild plum,
and grows as rapid y as the common
peach, and attains as large size and
Is longer lived. The trees are not 80
thorny or bushy as the common plum
but grow more open, with Longer
limbs like the pnach. The growth is
so rapid as to often reach from six Il
eight feet in one season, from the buC
or graft. 1t is very readily propagatet
from suckers, by grating on the peacf
or common plum, or by budding.
grows on the peach as fast as the stock
and is then free from plum suckers
so injurious to the tree and annOyins
to the nurseryman. 1t will grow fire.
from suckers IL planted very deep
and it Il then less subject TO the at
tacks of the borer. The little Turk o
curculio, the great enemy Of all othe
plums, does not injure the fruit. l
will not reproduce itself from seed.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
INDUSTRIAL ITEMS.

Sugar beets yield from 60 to 100
tons per acre.
The live stock of Ohio is valued at
1852, 250,OtO.
The annual wool crop of the United
States is estimated at over roo, 900,
000pounds.
American sewing machines have
been introduced into Italy.
A trader in Paris, Ky, shipped
100 tons of turkeys to Boston last
year.
There are 1000 distilleries in ope.
ration in the United States.
During 1868, dealers in Louisville
sold So, 900 werth of boets and
shoes.
New York city has four velocipede
manufactures, and the demand ex-
Iceeds the supply.
1t is said that American dairying
now represents a capital of $780,
000,0 goo.
England lost 10000 head Of cattle
by the plague, valued at $3.50, 900.
There are 1900 book and Job print
ing offices in the United States.
Omen anufactory in Philadelphia
tuans out 2,000,0O0 artificial teeth
annually.
In 1868 the United States exported
90, 00O, 900 gallons of petroleum.
California is sending canned sal.
mon to the Eastern States.
1t is said 10000 men are engaged
in running the railroad trains on
Sunday in this country.
New Zealand produces ELL ,OO0, 0e0
gold annually.
Since 1916 more than 100, 900 OF
the Mccormick reapers and mowers
have been manufactured.
Glass thread is now made so flex.
Idle that it can be worked in a sew
ing machine.
During 1868, Providence, r. I
sold 4,7e2, 900 pieces of printing
cloths.
| Inc total imports In New York
city in 1868, were valued at S251,.
DOC, 900, and the exports 1924, 900, 900
In Hopkinton, Mass, boots are
pegged by a machine driven by
steam power, 240 pairs being consid
cred days work.
During 1868 the consumption o
coffee in the United States was 1924
tons per month, and foreign sugar
100000 per month.
The present duty on railroad iro1
adds nearly $4,000 per mile to the
cost of building railroads in the Uni
ted States.
The annual production of sugar il
the world is estimated at 3,0O0,O 0'
tons, Of which 100000 tons ar
cane sugar.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Greasing w agons.

This is of more Importance than
many wagon owners imagine. The
following from an unknown source,
is valuable information on the sub.
ject, which we trust will be duly
needed:
Few people are aware that they
do wagons and carriages more inju.
ry by greasing too plentifully than
in any other way. A well made wheel
will endure common wear from ten
to twenty five years, if care is taken
to use the right kind and proper
amount of grease but if this matter
is not attended to, they will be used
on wagon, for it will penetrate the
hub, and work its way out around
the lemons of the spokes. and spoil
the wheel. Tallow is the best lubri-
Gator for wood axletrees. and castor
oil for iron. just grease enough
should be applied to the spindle of a
wagon to give it a light coating
this is better than more, for the sur
plus put on will work out at the
ends, and be forced by the shoulder
bands and nut washer into the huJ
around the outside Of the boxes. To
oil an iron axletree, first wipe the
spindle clean with a cloth wet with
spirits of turpentine, and then apply
a few drops of castor oil near the
shoulder and end. One teaspoonfu
is sufficient for the whole"
We would add, that for Journals
on which there is heavy pressure
it is a good plan to mix with the OF
some lamp-black or common SCOT
powdered plumbago or black lead is
also employed for the same purpose
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20

therefore, that 1t Is sound policy, on
the part of all the members of COM
munity, to, foster its agriculture in
every way possible. The city flourish
es in. proportion as the rural districts
adjacent prosper. AS is the farmers
ability to purchase sOis the merchants
opportunity to sell; rs the merchant
| prOspers, the banker and capitalist
find increased calls for money; and
last, but not least, as crops increase or
diminish, SO do the revenues OF rail-
roads, in a two fold ratio--more pro
luce TO export, more merchandise to
imp ort-iess produce to export less
merch,; ndise to import. T.IIse propo-
sitions are too plain to be argued. We
state them low for the purpose %
making an appeal TO our railro d
managers. j lst at the preset time the
railroads of the country jave the pow
er of giving a great impulse to our
agriculture, sad in so doing, lay broad
and deep the foundations OF their own
prosperity. OR people are fully alive
TO the importance If using fertilizers.
The success of Mr.. ID cksun and Others
has awakened strong desire to follow
their example. Now, let our railroads
give an additional impetus to this
movement, by transporting fertilizers
free of cost. We know that, in some
Instances. they have already reduced
frelghts to merely aoninal rates, but
we beg tkeKc to consider whether it
would not be sound policy to make
no charges at all on ferti liz sr=-bn the
same principle that free tickets are
issued to parties returnir G from con-
ventions and other gatherings. Let
the fertilizers go free and collect
whole ticket on the returning cotton
bales. The experiments published in
the Gu ttUdtOr, during the past twelve
months, shosw that, for every hundred
pOunds of Peruvian guanO used, there
are nearly one hundred pounds ginned
cotton made over and above the
natural production of the soil. But
this Is not all-the guanO once trans
ported to the farm, reprOduce5 itself
annually in shape OF cotton seed,
which will produce more cotton the
second year, and SO 0n-and is, there
fore, to the railroad in the form of an
investment, yielding annually its in
terest in the form of cotton bales to be
transported. This policy on the part
cf our railroads, would; in our judg-
meut, largely increase. the amount
used in the country. Men would he
tempted to invest in fertilizers much
more than the amount saved in
freight-the pendulum would not
stop at the lowest point of the arc, but
would pass beyond and above it. And
we may add, (legitimately even in
business point of view) such a policy
would greatly increase the popularity
of the railroads. Will they not give
the matter their serious consideration
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Profits Of Bee-Keeping.

Bees are kept for profit, pleasure, or
recreation; and as = means of promo
ting or regaining health. Unlike
other live stock, they are self-support~
ing. They not only provide their own
food but. with little care, will store a
large surplus Of their delicious pro
duct.
How much easier 1t is to give bees
the little attention needed, than the
trouble and expense of caring for cat
tie, pigs and sheep, three times day,
which no good farmer complains of.
1t is indeed strange that any person,
occupying a rood of smother EARTH"
should neglect so rich source of pro-
fitable enjoyment. Could our young
men and Young ladies, who now spend
hours in idleness or vain amusements,
be induced to purchase swarm or
two Of bees, and give them the little
attention needed, it would not only
prove highly remunerative, but would
lead them into habits of industry and
thoughtfulness, and fit them for better
citizens. BY the introduction of i'm
proved hives, a fresh interest has been
awakened in this branch of rural
economy, and with honey at present
prices, there would doubtless be 9
general rush into Bookkeeping, were il
not for the fear Of stings and vague
belief that "luck" has something tC
, do with successful bee management
A little practical knowledge with re.
gard to the nature of bees will enabl,
any one to perfectly control them
and will open his eyes to the fact that
with properly constructed movable
J comb hives, success in Bookkeeping 1
not left to "luck," or "chance," blu
] depends upon the observance of sim
/ pie rules and regulations. With sue
, hives the bee-keeper is enabled to as
D certain the exact condition of stool
:, at any time, and thus remedy any d.
4 fects, or easily remove any comb i
the hive for any purpose whatever.
A few stocks ct bees are often er
tirely neglected, and consequently les
profitable, while larger collection
(needing little more care) receive pro
, per attention; when the profits, a
from farm products, will mainly de
, pend upon the season.
"The intelligent, practical bee keep
r er can take care of five hundre
: swarms and make a portion OF tn,
hives needed for new colonies. ~
! 8. Agricultural Report.
The American Agricultural gives tn
+ results of the apiary of Bidwell Brotf
e ers, Of Minnesota, for two years pas
In 1854, their apiary consisted of on
!. Italian and fifty eight stocks of blac
= bees. The one italian stock was in
= creased to fifteen, and the fifty-eigl
= stocks Of black bees to one hundre
and eighty-one, princip lily by artif
e clal swarming, and averaged 4:
" pounds box honey per stock, while fl
y the past season, from two hundred an
+ four old stocks they received, on q
!. average, q trifie over seventy ti'
d pounds surplus honey per stock.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Prom The Mobile Weekly Register
Fertilizers and Freights.

We heard 1t rumored, some weeks
since, that the managers of the Mobile
and Ohio Railroad had resolved 10
transport fertilizers over their road AT
half the usual freights; and subse-
quently we were Informed DIETER
Silly that, with the view of encourage
ing the spirit Of agricultural improve
nent that is now abroad in our
Southern land, they had determined
To transport all fertilizers free of CHARGE.
We have yet no evidence that either
report Is true, but we trust that the
last will be verified, and that the ex-
ample will be followed by all the rail
roads AMI STEAMBOATS, In the South.
The Southern Ctktiputor has the follow.
ing conclusive remarks on this subject
which we commend to the c0nsidera.
tlon OF those who have the control Of
our railroads and steamboats,:
In most countries, certainly ut the
South, agriculture 10 the basis Of
other pursuits; upon its prosperity
eepends that OF all the rest. 1t is the
nt Of capital, Of accumulated
- md OF all the thousand indus
wiring from these. We hold
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
Draining.

II occurs 10 as that many Of the
farmers have, by this time, Completed
their preparations for wiatef, SO far as
relates 10 the common every-year
work Of that kind, and that they have
now time for SONS permanent i'm
provement on their farms. Some
will build fence and others clear a new
piece Of ground; but we would like
10 see more ditching than we have yet
seen or heard of in these interior
States. But In Missouri we seldom
hear OF any under draining except by
fruit growers. In Illinois some drain
ing tile has been laid, and In some
sections the mole plow has been used
quite extensively.
Ga q great many farms In the East
ern States from i've to forty acres are
thoroughly drained, and all SO far as
we know, consider the money thus
spent on them their best Investments.
Land that has q gravelly or loose,
porous subsoil would not be much
benefited by draining, but sloughs
and all land that has stiff clay SUBJ
soil impervious by water should be
drained, and we think that little OF
this work could be done on some
farms before spring work closes upon
rs.
We are aware that, 10 many farm
ers, all drainage, except In very wet
land, appears to be q mere expert.
ment, and 1t is with this view Of tn,
case that we write to advise such tC
begin now, and make at least small
experiment In draining. Take som,
corner OF O field where there may be 6
good outlet, or the garden, and Ia,
tile two and a half feet deep-thre
anda half would be better. The work
can be facilitated by blowing so as T.
leave the dead furrow where the ditcl
10 70 be, and by blowing twice neari,
Q foot can be thrown out, and theI
with Q spade the ditch can soon b
0pened TO the desired depth.
When the tile IL laid and littl
~aa<ts ecayef1IlY packed by its side +
Keep n piacs, double tree about 81.
or seven feet long may be made 8
that q span OF horses can walk one VI
each side Of the ditch, and the plo,
used In filing the ditch and levelinj
the ground.
III the soil has considerable sand i
Its composition the drains may /
thirty or even forty feet apart; but
u Il very compact they should not /
more than twenty feet apart.
The tile necessary for such an Ell
pertinent can be obtained Ia this cit,
and many other places, and In the en-
are cheaper than any other kind
drain.
There are instances ON some Easter
farms where clay tile has been Ia
over twenty years anil IL still
sound, apparently, as when first p
down.
We hope our readers will take tn
matter In hand and prove to ther
selves the benefit 6f draining, and '
have no doubt that many farmf
would increase the aggregate produ
Of their farms more by draining son
OF the acres already In cultivate
than they would by clearing and a
ding an equal number Of acres OF ne
ground to their fields.-JovnoI
Agriculture.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20

How AN ALABAMA PLANTER
SAVED HIS COTTON.-An intelligent
planter in Alabama entirely escaped
the ravages of the caterpillar last
year, although it destroyed the cot
ton upon every other plantation in
his county. His crop was the
finest he ever raised. The cater
pillar came up to the fields of all his
next door neighbors, but they did
not cross his fences. The reason for
this was, he issued the sternest
orders that not a bird, except the
JAY, should be killed upon his plan
tation, under any pretext whatever.
He allowed little willow groves to
grow in his fl ,lts, and to them he
sent a sack of oats every morning,
which were scattered upon the
ground. The birds fed upon the
oats and swarmed in thousands
around his fields. They exterminat-
ed the cotton fly. And hence there
were no eggs, there werel no larvae,
but there was a blooming garden in
the midst of Observation-Disclosures.
There is no evil without il remedy
there is no disease witho "a cure.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20

Let person estimate the profits of
bee keeping by commencing with q
few stocks and, on anaverage, doubling
every year, or putting the yearly
average of surplus honey per stock
very low, compute the interest accru>
ing from capital invested in bees and
consider how easy it is to accumulate
such capital, with the fact that con-
slant attention is never required, and
that hives will last almost lifetime,
he will not be surprised to find the
most intelligent men in this country
and Europe turning their attention to
apiarian pursuits. Hints to Bee
KeeDers.
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20

ggIt is related of a certain minis
ter of Maine, noted for his long ser
mons, with many divisions, that, one
day when he was advancing among
his teens, and had thoroughly wearied
his hearers, at length reaching a
kind of resting place in his discourse,
when, pausing to take rest, and
looking about over his audience, he
asked the question: "And what
shall l say more?" A voice from
the congregation, more suggestive
than reverent, earnestly replied :
"Say Amen "
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20

This is the last rose of summer y
exclaimed a wag, as he rose from his
bed on the 3lst of August.
1t is part of life to bear and for
bear. Ladies who pursue fashion in
dress have to bear a great deal.
Seolding, says goodfor-nothing
old bachelor, is the pepper of natri-
mony, and the ladies are the pepper
boxes.
There now" said a li1tle girl,
while rummaging a bureau-drawer,
" grandpa has gone to heaven with
out his spectacles."
1t is exceedingly bad husbandry
to harrow up the feelings of your
wife,
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20

"Doctor," said an old lady the
other day to her family physician,
kin you tell me how it is that some
folks are born dumb y "Why, hem
certainly madam" replied the doctor;
#" it is owing to the fact that they
came into the world without the
power of speech" "La, me-" re
marked the old lady; "now jest see
what it is to have a physic edica-
ton! I've axed my old man more
nor a hundred times that are same
thing, and all that could ever gel
out of him was, "kase they isl"
American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1864-1890, 1869-02-20
CANTON STEAM MILL.

WE now fully prepared t, grind whe It. and
w have the latest improved and best machin.
cry that is now in USE for cleaning the same. and
with good quality Of wheat we guarantee to turn
out as good quality of -four as can be brought from
the West.
We also grind corn, and dress lumber 10 supe-
rior manner, and at as reasonable rates as can be
done elsewhere.
s~Grinding days Mondays. Wednesday,, FRI
days and Saturdays.
Highest market price paid for Wheat.
We shall commence ginning cotton, on the 18th
for 18th. a l4th q 18th, according to the num-
Der of bales.
By strict attention to our business which 10 IN.
der our personal supervision. we hope to receive o
liberal share of patronage.
Aug 29-ly1 JONES STUART.