The Hawaiian gazette., 1869-09-15
The --latest from tho stars.

So 49, A-.44 - >4@Ac ~ SA-A>> wv 80
srrczrS esrSc- thar sSiSr~-Srf,eSrz0cSS cfscs
Gcccive, As nc zppcsseA soSsy, the angie
( ~ VISION cPoaS, - that Il appears lsrxcrs a.
ne rvceas f-aa 4. The angie elcses> ard il
I ss,ocs-S smaller hSrcc srnsrcrt magnitude
: variable, ana depends span distance,
I Assuming car Sas - X = star, the heat
vAieA NC derive srom Il Is stellar heat, ard,
Z VITA this cazcSTsion in rai2&. tcs Is Sa<pee
Z 81 iAe ScSlc ~ is rs&iStieaS> his i sOSae-
E ;aiaS siGpen1oaS. Tie amount II heat
~asSA Is emitted frazs tls cniire solar SnTfSce.
Z oSlsalztc3 fro1a the SvsrSSc ccsriisy vAleA
T I; j. p-1vo& re receive tron him. wo1,S X
{ sGcsSscas - Soil Ssvoa. hundred thousand
7 millions - saAss szlsS u icS-coi1 water each
I hear. Nc7c = GRINDER - ies. forsy r,ilcS Ia
I diameter, p-y5ocie6 Into TX Sas, ST The vS;s
I - 9aloQC aaiisS In iSnSta each Secoo4-ihSt
T Is. VIII the spec& q iESas-sAe beat which
I Tx san rs5istcs away would X SafScieri -
rel ]. A. sSSt IS i came, While the stellar
I fS-ascc wo2ii rot * coolcG : S;csic SeSrcc-
/ q. TX thermal SacrSv Which oar ec2trsl star
[ TINS rOuTs cat vita The p-ostsSli,N ~ ;Ae
I lrS1isc, NC ~ tho earth. although cocs-
I risssutly ssF'vossrs tbs; ]; : all On car own
seccus., ~. ocly izSlsry trSstioss-tSc ere
tucn.y-tArcs huuirS& saiiieotA pSrt-SSo1s
enough 10 Bel Sc c1esc nailcS u ice~wStcr
cScA soGr. Bat Wa. SScc1cS o the KS;
. u ! SAcs outward s. Er1plxtorv impulses
I iuio tx pr1tar&itieS II srSoc- SecA Is the
oSscs - os.r ows StSr ir Tie eoSsuiczl ccou-
ornys eGs AK Tx Other StGrS doing he Sane
sAings rAose GI;lS iWinkliaS po;ntS-4re
they S,So al fountains q power whsch Is
WAITED - forever. thaS maintaining the Gy-
ususic e aiib-iSu u Tx universe through $
Elt-A5y system u celestial eNcASnseSS
SaeG Is ecsn the eelict. c0GnteuSrcc3 by
al S-stoSy, although Tx proCf II l. has
oeSa hitherto iaGiTeci ana insufficient, A
ErSceAEs1 named Posil.Ss. : fov yS@rS $50.
Uu1c-took SoTioS - rSSe4rcAeS designed 10
AID oZi so-1S-Ai1S Ecorc Sc.cf;e Ssoct TIE
ccr,PS-siure II ,Ae planetary SphereS. and
Jais X It'd ov attempting to determine the
Sr2cEHt - heat froS, ce-t4io l<TSc parton
q Tx heavens, We ez0 ~. here describe
hiS delicate and irEouioES p-occSSSS> oCt lie
GeG=eoS irsln them tAS,, when lSrgS tracts Q.
tx 1StVc.S arc tested. : measurable and very
coDSl1crzolc srnoCgt q le~t : shown IL oc
derived fro-1 then. HIS reSn,ts Indicated
tA&s the oSr,h gels beat enough in s year
from Tie wlNlS vS-lt q the SAY 10 melt
S1ol - tx GiSetr-Slx teei II thicSneSS-the
S-u'S heat alone being Sufficient - mel. such
4 SASl enc hundred and tk-sc fest annually.
T1eSe co1clcSio,s were regarded = trust
worthy BY many, oEi the majority Of seieO-
us men though; the subject m.Si be lei
open until new roSoarceS Of experiment
Ue7s h0o-cGt Epc1 IL. Nor have We had 70
vrzis long for ;se trizl The snb5ec: las az
lcCEtA foCca is man. and this splendid
problem Is solved. Nter. in the distant fa-
;-7c, the historian q TIE arts &a6 sciences i
making NJ Lis Chronological recorss Of their
early l'-OsresS, X Uil write;
The SAiFcaazi &cross The IsshmEs Of
Szsz hrss opened, 1889
American ConUaSas 6rsi crossed by&
Railroad. 1862
Heat IN ths rzys Of fixed star demon
st7@;ei b William Higgins, 1859
The rays Of : star. when made 70 fall upon
ihs uosi delicate tbsrmoneter, pro&uoe no
Visiaie e-feei zpoa il; AID The fac; q the sx-
isie1es Of heat in these rSyS could never have
been kroWa exceps through the employment
q some tar more sensitive bezi-ueSsure-
Sch a instrument las grown NJ during tie
lzSt few yezrs hy lie eOmbineG efforts Of the
most SSillfGl Eae3s CT yzTioCS countries. and
h&S a. leaEta bee4 br0uEht 10 : very high de-
gree q perfection Tae principles q lis az
Jioa sue as S0iioSs:
II Ne t-ke some small bars o. hiSnnik and
&utinouy. ard. arranging them side by side
in = certain cr3er, solder them together, We
sail fern What ! called psiS- II. now, ore
q TIE ends Of this pix ! warmed more than
the Other, An electric cZrrsnI be-ins 70 circu-
late rUZ1d and roEnS through tie bsrs, and,
TIE cTSzIer the diHereree between the tenn
pS-stu0eS % TIE TWO ends. the stronger Is the
czrS1-. Such currSrL being pro6nceG BY
ten q metallic o&rs in which il IS produced
Is therefore termed the tizrrsa-siscsFic l,ils-
his i che psrs % CTR new instrument.
kvery tody knows that the freely suspended
magnetic needle pOi1iS 70 the north; that Is,
p-scss Itself in TIE magnetic meridian Bat
Il needle 50 plScod kSS : current Of elec-
tricisy passed round il. thrOagh wires p1rzl-
Il 70 is position when 81 rest. snch
ecrTu1t tends 70 ueutraliEe the eSrth's mag
se;iS-l, and 70 throw The needle itself, ihzf
:, 70 make L point east and west The dis
t1cce 10 which the needle Swi1ES round o1t
q lis nOCtk-znd-socth position, depends
upon the strength ci the electric current,
2,t ( meaSare1 By degrees OF $ circle II
the electric current Is ye-T slight, il nay de-
6ccithe ueedle but fen 6sgrees from the
n0-thSGri, Il siro--er, il nay throw il 80,
@ through s quarter Of circle. 50 that il
vii stand 81 right srztes 20 lis natural 20
sitioa-
Non let Is see how this combination works
IS Esxt-UczS1-sr. You hold yOUT hand,
sSy, yzr3 from tie pile OF delicStely COZ
S-rcc-e6 icS;r1ne1- Il r2iizres s Slre1ru Of
heat y -ich falls upon one end Of H. called
is r1E; ard thz- e16 Is slightly warmed
MS produces eurrsal OF electricity, which
: carried through The wires and made 10 cir
cuixte ru-16 = usetie- The needle starts OFT
q IL position zo1 cones 70 res- al some
point OF tie seSle, and the degree which il
reaches becomes MEASURE Of the amount Of
Aeas rz5iz;s5 from the hard
i : this instrument which NJ. Higgins
Is employed in his researches into the heat
Of tAe Stars Il Vas attached 70 his telescope
50 tkzt the image Of star formed by the
eiEhr-inch ol5eci-Elsss might fall upon the
Szrfzce Of the pile SO delicate was the AZ
rz1EeDsai, zrt 50 susceptible 10 the ninGieSt
variations q temperature. that his apparatus
often hsd 10 b lcft fo- hours Until il had
cone 10 equilibrium. and the needle was at
perfect reSL When the tine arrived for ex-
pertinent, the shutter % the OBSERVATORY I
done WAS opS1eG and the telescope Was I
tur1ed Upon PsrI Of the SKY near : briEh; 4
s-z-, b1t Tot actually on the star The needle I
ESS then carefully watched. 10 determine I
Eh-leer the change Of position produced T.
any eject After waiting sufficiently long 10 1
b certain that there were 10 signs Of change, I
the telescope MS moved over the snzn dis
tzDos Necessary 10 bring theinage Q. the star /
directly OF the face Of the pile, when the .
needle Vas Immediately seen 10 nove- The .
telescope EEs then moved slightly away from 4
The s-zr, vaSn the needle returned TO its 1
pl2cs- I1e stellar rzE ESs then zzSin made 1
70 fail Gpou tie pile, and again the needle /
E4S thrown OFT Of is position These OBJ /
serv1tiOns we're repeated with great care and 1
rzile1ee. OF cIdrrcEt Stars. and At different /
nUes- untA il has bsel cO1elu<iVely ests5- 4
1shed that nezt ( : consiif1enI Of the stellar 1
zys
Szch are TIE simple facts Of this rsnarkz-
be 6isc0Tsry; its deeper understanding can 4
,o- fzl 10 awaken emotions Of the iutenseS- I
To1der- What i heat - manifested IN mat
terf L vibration Of ztOnz- What Is radiant
beat, CndElstory movements propagzted
thro1Zh an ethereal Deci1m AZ the rSie Of
10, coo miles per second Radiant beat fall
Ing upon E1ztIer r1issS its temperature, that