The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1869-05-14
RATES OF ADvERTTsTNa q.
TO lion orc wen.

4 .rf-.... - 10 lion Ofe wen.
SOMETHING NEw.--Hc who. by sim
piifying the processes tor tho mauufac.
ture OF iron can increase the production
and cheaper the cost, is no less u bene-
factor of mankind than he who causes
two blades of grass TO grow where but
one was formerly produced; for in a
country SO extended as ours, the use Of
iron In transporting the various pro.
ductions from the farms, workshops and
mines to the places of consumption, has
become as important as their produc-
tior or growth. For this reason we
take pleasure in chronicling the results
of experiments for tho manufacture of
iron, particularly those which obviate
the necessity of large and expensive es-
tablishments, and bring the business
within the reach Of individuals and
companies with moderate capital, and
hope that which has been demonstrated
a complete success in Schuylkill county
may be speedily introduced in our own
iron abounding Lehigh. tNta
At RiDggold, in Schuylkill county,
they are making wrought iron blooms
direct from the ore, under q new process
patented by J. Jameson. The merits
of this process are most extraordinary
and must certainly effect complete
and radical change in the mode of man
ufacturing wrought iron. The furnaces
each with two fires, are constructed ut
a cost of about $1,000, and each is capa-
BILE of producing ten tons of blooms per
week. They are somewhat of an oven
shape, having however stack from the
top of about 20feet in height, and can
be erected anywhere, ut the mines di-
rect, if so desired. A refining fire is in
front, into which the blast pipes enter
on the side. The gas that is evolved
from the fuel passes into chamber,
where combustion takes place, and
thence the combustion of the gases con-
tinues till above the fifth chamber it
passes together with such de'eterious
qualities as have been taken up from
the ore in its prOgress) through and out
of the stack. The five chambers are
called in tho Jameson Patents the de-
xydizing chambers. The ores are calcin.
ed, then crushed, and first placed in the
top or fifth chamber. Into the first and
second chambers small jet of steam is
injected whereby hydrogen is generated
for the purpose Of aiding in desulphu-
rating and dephOsphorating the ores.
The floor of the top chamber is table
made of fire-clay blocks, with an open
ing at the end opposite from the door
or entrance through which the raw ore
is thrown in. On this table the ore Is
spread out, and after being here SUBJ
jected to the operation of the burning
gases it is then pushed down through
the opening ut the end of the table op-
posite to the door ON to like table in
the chamber below, where it is again
spread out and here it remains for
time and in like manner passes on to
the table Of the third chamber, there,
after undergoing a like operation, it is
passed to The second chamber. thence it
goes to the bottom or first chamber.
Thus every particle of the ore is equally
operated upon. By this time the ore Is
almosta pulp, and then it is passed into
the charcoal bed and refining chamber.
Here the loop is soon formed, when 1t
is taken out, and the hammer soon pre-.
sents you with bloom of from 225 to
25O pounds in weight. 1t is not claim
ed that to make wrought iron direct
from the ore has anything new about it.
Probably half the blooms made In
America are thus produced. Generally,
they are of an inferior quality, and in
volve large expenditure of fuel and
of ore. 1t is not SO however with the
blooms made by the Jameson process.
1t is claimed that ton of blooms can
be made by this process with about the
same expenditure of fuel and ore that
it requires to make ton of pig metal
in the blast furnace. The experiment
at Ringgold shows that 200 bushels OF
good charcoal and about q tons of fifty
per cent. ore will yield ton of blooms.
This process claims, and the eXper-
enee fully establishes that claim, that
the ore is not only fully deoxydized,
but also aasuIphurated and dephosphor.
ated. Wits the single exception of
few blooms made from a certain ore, it
has been found by analysis that neither
sulphur nor phosphSrxs were present
in the iron made, and sIesJ of the best
quality has been made frGEa II, Prior
to the Jameson process all experiRepts
TO make blooms by the direct process,
where the fame was brought in direct
contact with the ore, have failed. The
difficulties encountered were that the
great heat consumed and carbureted the
metal, while the too great heat slagged
the ore before it reached the refining
chamber. Blythe Jameson process all
these points are fully obviated. Tho
heat is kept down TO that temperature
and the blast is so regulated that the
metal is not consumed nor carbureted,
nor the ores slagged, bat, on the con-
trary, the ores are completely deoxy-
died and by the chemical influences
brought into operation in the manner
before described, thoroughly cleansed
of sulphur and phosphorus. The cost
of making blooms by this process is
about 81 per ton more than the cost Of
pig metal in the ordinary blast
furnace. ..... ...- -.....
A CURIOUS BUDGET.--The English
language must appear fearfully and
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