The New York herald., 1869-02-20

dignity derived from English royalty by re-
publican simplcities derived from the ''liberty,
equality and fraternity notions of the
French republic. But the great strength and
the fatal fallacy of Jefferson's political system
was in his State rights and State sovereignty
dogmas. These dogmaA were admirably
adapted to the old stage coach epoch, when
each State was to greater or less extent so
sepai ated from the other States as to be in
fact an independent community. Hence these
dogmas of Jefferson so far prevailed a.
gradually to absorb the old federal party;
and thus in 1924, all opposition to the repub-
lican party having disappeared, that party
itself, having nothing else to fight, was broken
up in . scrub race for the Presidency. In
1928 General Jackson was first elected on his
battle of New Orleans, ssretrenchment and
reform and against what John Randolph
called adams and Clay) ''the coalition of
the Puritan and the blackleg."
In 1882, however, from and after Jackson's
second election, finally crystsllizing as the dem
ocratic party and the whig party, we had .
definite reconstruction Of parties on the old
United States Bank question, and political
revolution, which abolished the bank as an
aristocratic monopoly, and which gave Jack
son such popularity that it enabled him to
name Martin Van Buren as his successor. But
the State pet bank system substituted by jack
son for s'Biddle's monster" ran into such ex-
cesses Of imitation under Van Buren that it
brought about the crushing revulsion Of 1887,
which resulted in the popular whirlwind which
whirled Van Buren and the democracy out of
power In 1910. From that day, still repre-
senting, par excellence, the State rights falla-
cies of Jefferson, the Jacksonian democracy
lived the precarious existence Of Micawber,
watching for something to turn up" The
Texas annexation cry saved them ''by the
skin of their teeth" in 1874. Van Buren
turned against the regular party nominee and
upset him in 1S48 but poor Pierce, in 1852,
on the false pretences of Clays great compro-
mise measures Of 1850, carried the country by
vote which swept t9e whig party out of exist
ence.
Thus, after the election of 1852, the demo-
cratic party Of Jackson stood in the field some
what like the old republican party in Monroe's
election Of 1920, without opposition. But
from this very point began the fermentation Of
q new revolution, which finally assumed a
definite and decisive shape in Lin
coins election of 1860. The new repub-
lican party, which came into active and vigor-
ous life in 1854, on the cry of ''no further ex-
tensions of slavery" began the conflict, as q
national party, with Jefferson's dogmas Of
human rights against Jeferson's dogmas Of
State rights. The new and all powerful mate
rial agencies over the moral world, the agen-
cies of steam and the telegraph, had come into
active play, giving the grand idea Of national
sovereignty force and pressure never dreamed
of by jefferson, Calhoun and the Southern
oligarchy. Here lies the secret of that rapid
development Of the new republican party,
which its wisest leaders failed to comprehend.
They thought it was their ideas, human rights
and all that, but it was the demand Of the new
age Of steam and the telegraph for new order
of things.
Hence the tremendous revolution inaugu-
rated in our political parties and In our polti-
cal system under Lincoln-the greatest revo-
luton of modern times. Under Lincoln, how
ever, the conflict was for the destruction, by
the hast resort Of war, Of an old system no
longer to be endured. Under Grant 1t will be
the finishing, in peace, of the building Of a
new political system, including new issues
and new organization Of parties. The State
rights fallacies of Jefferson are, with the Bour-
bons and slavery, among the wrecks Of the
deluge. The sovereignty over South Carolina
which was in Calhoun is in the nation. We
are no longer loose confederation of State
sovereignties, depending upon the will Of q
clique Of reckless flibusters here or there, but
nation, bound together by a thousand bands Of
iron and steel, in our railroads and telegraphs.
Under Grant we expect this new dispensation
to be perfected, including the sovereignty Of
the nation over railroads and telegraphs and
release from the burdens OF the now domi-
nant radical faction, together with Q large
amount of the burdens Of our Treasury rob
bers, our national taxations and national
debt.