New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1869-07-02

have heard it pronounce the abolition Slavery We
have heard pronounce the right OF all men to worship
God according to dictates Of their cOnscences
Verify these are great things ana new uMes IN ola
SPAN ~
~Theae are the germs of free institutions, and will, In
the progress of years. grow into Republican Govern
ment. .Ll5 ELlA- r - 1T
Cuba the Queen of the Antilles richest gem in the
Spanish Crown the most fertile of Islands rich beyond
description the fruits aud productions OF tropical
cmes and from which the Spanish treasury has long
been supplied Is making q bold vigorous aud, as we
and establish her independence
The native CubanS inspired by the spirit Of liberty,
ions opinion and that Governments exist only by con.
sent OF the governed, Cuba belongs TO the American
We cannot be indifferent to the struggle, aud trust
ana believe that our Government stands ready TO he-
knowledge her independence at the earliest moment that
Will be justified by the laws and OF nations
Though We cannot rghtfuly intervene between Spain
and her Colony which she has long oppressed and i'm
pOyerished, sympathes with the Cubans and
cannot regret any aid they may receive which does not
involve breach OF the international duty OF our Govern
While the grand revolution in Spain is proceeding so
peacefully and successfully; while the Spanish people
asserting their liberties and fOrtifyng them by Con-
stltutOna bulwarks TO be deeply regretted that they
are denying to Cuba what they claim for themselves.
| The American Revolution also an English revOlu
ton. The struggle for liberty here reacted upon En-.
gland has forward there continually and stronger
to-day than ever. One reform has succeeded another.
The basis Of suffrage has been wIdened from time TO tme
and has always been followed by extension OF the
rights privileges, and prosperity Of the people. The
institutions OF England have become more liberal, just,
and benencent as the right Of suffrage has been extended
and larger number OF admitted TO voice in the
Government. Recently we have seen extension of
the franchise, followed almost Immediately by move
ment for the dsesablshmen OF te irish Church. Tho
Irish Church establishment though professedy in the
interests OF PFOtesans not sustained justified by
the Protestant world and the Protestant masses OF En
gland are demanding Its repeal The Dlsestablishment
bill has passed the House OF Commons but the Lords
threaten 10 reject 1t destroy II by notifications IL
may sacrifice itself but 1t cannot thereby preserve the
only upon the condition that 1t will ratfy the action OF
a ne SoSns anI % gyS ga po S 10 W. and
will not be permitted to Obsruct the wishes OF the PEG
1 Aln ha oh
ment BILL 1t will at once inaugurate movement for It's
own reorganization and the destruction OF hereditary
Such a movement cannot, perhaps, be long deferred
anyhow. Another reform bin will soon be demanded
making suffrage universal, nearly to be followed
by the dsesabshnent Of the English Church the abo
ton OF the laws OF PrmGSea5ure ana the nna destTnG
are substantially though not professedy republican IN
rights upon which our Government is founded and
while they yet retain the throne and the House OF Lords
any attempt the part o; either TO exercise positive
by threats OF resistance and II not abandoned by revo
like the Feuda castles that yet distinguish the English
landscape emblems Of departed power curions 10 the
view full OF historic interest but no longer dangerous to
the peace Of the surrounding country. English reforms
heretofore slow, are becoming more rapid and the En-
gish people are marching with accelerated speed to
| republican government. Universal suffrage and
hereditary privilege cannot exist long together
progress suffrage in En- gland has boon resisted every
struggle has arrived at that point where its further
progress cannot be long delayed uniyersal suffrage
Of which rugged slow, aud osome but when achieved
the people will DO masters OF the situation. America Is
avengng herself upon England by gradually but surely
Overurning her arstOcrao and hierarchc Institutions
by the force Of her teachings and example The primer
ples OF civil and religious liberty, crude and imperfect
when first brought from England TO America, having
been refined Illustrated and extended, return them
to the cOuatry for her adoption laden with rich
glorious results. The spirit Of American liberty Is
abroad in England Her Brighs, Gladstones. Forsters
and her whole host Of liberal statesmen pocaiming
the doctrines Of the Declaration OF Independence. aud
verifying the saying OF celebrated Englshna that the
American Revolution guaranteed the free institutions Of
England We may noi 1--we to see me- ENGLAND republic
but believe our children Will The event can be pre-
dicted with much certainty any other IN human
affairs and 1t fastening on, perhaps fast enough when
| All things are cOnsidRrod.
The difficulties in the way Of putting down the Rebel
lion were great. The rebeous states contained pOpu
laon OF not less than ten millions ana although nearly
four millions slaves yet most OF thcm until the very
dncng classes aud furnished the supplies Rebel
armies in the field, aud the noncOmbatants az home
ofnot than eight hundred thousand square miles, d.
vershed by vast ranges Of mountains, deep nver tan
where presenting natural deienses behind which small
force could hold large one at bay
The lines OF communication necessarily OF great
length and maintained win difficulty: A large portion
OF our forces constantly employed In this way aud
I'm garrlsoning posts that II seldom able
20 the enemy with superior force upon the neld.
These immense difficulties went far % counterbnanco
superiority IA population aud resources aud
great 10 lead military observers throughout Europe 70
prophecy almost with one accord that could not con.
auer the South. IL said there instance in his
tory where large population, scattered over
on6hrd Of territory great that embraced by the
| Rebellion had been subdued. II said could not
conquer space; that conquest would be geographical
impOsslbty that three millions ofnen could not garr-
son the south; and that when We bad captured their
and the Inhabited parts OF their country,
they would still maintain the mOrass, mountain
and forest almost mpenetrablo 10 regular armies until
the North exhausted IN blood and treasure, aud broken
! IN hope, would give up the contest.
Such was tho belief Of leading military minds IN
Europe and Of the politicians OF the south when the war
began These opinions seemed we'll founded Ia ronson
and In history aud the suppression Of tho Rebellion all
things consdero may regarded as the greatest
| OF all military achievements.
The fact that the Rebels fought upon their soil. in
country with which they familiar, protected from
the approach Of loyal armies by the ns,nfs sdEsSges
Deore ueseIlD.1, W .d Tie Tssourccs ~ Tho
two sections the hnal triumph Of our and tho
suppression OF tho Rebellion must be sought for In other
What these causes were may be briefly stated;
cd to armies by the conviction that they lighting
just and patriotic cause. The humbles priyates In our
army believed they we're lighting TO preserve the best
government in the world tpreserye Liberty and eKtin
gush Slavery; In behalf OF Civilization ana Christianity
against advancing Barbarian and InhumAnity These
convictions gave Inspiration courage, and hope TO the
North, who sustained the Government roug hout the
contest, constituting an immense moral power In oppo'
sitIon 70 which the South had but little 10 offer.
The people OF the South had bitter preudices. which
had been carefully fOsered by deslgnng politicians.
Many OF them believed In the abstract doctrine, under
the Consultation. OF state Sovereignty and the right OF
secession Some believed In the righfuness OF Slavery,
but In ia prOhableness Us convenience, and It's
contribution luxury and pride But all of these
sututed moral power TO inspire the patriot tho
soldier give consolation IN the dying hour or determine
people surrender and to struggle the last
When, therefore, tho principal armies Of the Rebellion
oyercome and had surrendered the war was at
| end Hostility not maintained In the forest and
mountain had been predicted. The convictions hopes,
and purposes OF the had been eKngushed before
their armies were and although they were full OF bitter
and humiliation yet there nothing left for which
they might sacrifice their homes, and tho future quiet
and prosperity OF their lives Their failed In ad
| vance OF their armies and resources
The Rebel historian Of tho Lost Cause In deBcantng
| upon the subject, spoke AS follows:
| 1.-THE whole fabric Of Confederate defense tumbled
down 1T stroke OF arms that did not amount battle.
There no last great conyuson such usually marks
the final struggles Of peoples devotion, the expiring
hours Of their desperation The word surrender Travelled
from Virginia 10 Texas four years terminated
| siuulleHt incident OF blOOdghgde n