The weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 186?-1869, 1869-01-06

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to the growth ofcorn, wheat, rye oats, buck
wheat, potatoes, rice, flax, cotton, wool,
apples, pears, peaches, plums, grapes, straw
berries, blackberries. figs and melons. 1t is
well watered. Wells may be had almost
anywhere at a depth at from 20 to 40 feet,
and there is scarcely a tract of land large
enough for farm on which there is not
one or more springs Then we have streams,
as the Chowan, Roanoke, Tar, Neuse, Cape
Fear, Yadkin. Catawba, New River and their
numerous tributaries, several of which are
navie able for many miles, and nearly all of
them affording abundant water power for
mills and other machinery. Our timber is
very plentiful Almost every one visiting
the State for the first time is struck with tile
extent of our forests. The oaks, white,
post, red, black &C., .hickories walnuts,
American tulip tree, chestnut. black and
sweet gum, beach, maple, cedar, cypress,
juniper &C.. while our pine forests, besides
yielding an immense amount of turpentine
furnish large quantities of timber. n:I,I az.
In respect of minerals, Our mines have
been wrought extensively for gold, silver
lead, copper, &c.-but it is the vast bodies
of iron ore and coal. and supply more or
less extensive of lime and marble, soapstone,
mari, &c, which we should chiefly prize In
almost every one of the above particulars,
except the SOIL we equal or surpass llnther
sections of our common country And even
yet in respect of soil, we far excel many
parts OF the Union where the people nntwitli-
standing are able to live and educate their
children as well as those in any part of the
world | may here give the testimony of
Captain now Commodore Wilkes, who had
| 1lo1 l.
was the discoverer of the Antarctic cont.
nent. In a conversation at my fathers, lie
said that in all his travels lie had never seen
any part of the globe which, III his opinion,
combined so many natural advantages as
North Carolina
Again and again, in travelling through
the Western States, have found persons
who still cast longing lingering looks back
upon the old mother who bore them, and to
whom but for the blight of slavery, they
would have gladly returned As to old pep
pie going west, it is well known that almost
all of them die very soon after the change
And OF the young and robust, who, in all
probability, had they remained here, would
have lived to good old age,-almost every
neigllborliood can call to mind more than
one instance of the fatal effects of change
OF climate. Indeed, these very rich countries
are almost all unhealthy t... ...s
Why then should we move away? Two
reasons suggest themselves One, to in
crease our wealth, the other to get into bet
| ter society. A farmer moving west may
have his election either to buy land already
improved in the older of the States, or to 90
to the frontier. If he buy the improved land,
1T Will cost him money enough to pay for
the improvement OF his farm here and to
secure him comfortable living. If he seek
the frontier, he must undergo an amount of
bodily labor and anxiety of mind before he
finds himself at all comfortably settled, great
enough to put him in possession of as good
home here
AS to wealth then, the chances seem but
little better in the majority of cases by NOV
ing than by remaining. Then again as TO
society, believe there is nothing to I've
gained either civilly, socially, politically or
rellgiously. So far as my observation has
gone on the ground, and SO far as my infor-
nation extends, acquired from newspapers
and private correspondence, there is no
greater security of civil rights, no more good
feeling in neighborhoods. no less anmosity
In politics and no more harmony in religious
society in other parts of the country. and
particularly in the west, than there is here in
North Carolina. ...
Nevertheless, while l believe that in the
main the true condition of the matter is rep
resented ahnye. by no-,ncanS pretend to
say that IN no case will any be bettered in
Their circumstances by going west. Some
think may be; but at the same time, think
1t is matter which requires very careful
conslderation--this thing of breaking up and
moving to new country
:" Emigration" says Goethe, takes place
IN the treaeherous hope of an improvement
OF our circumstances, and it is too often
counterbalanced by a subsequent emigration,
since go where you may, you still find your
self In a conditional world, and if not con-
strained to new emigration, are yet inclined
lp secret to cherish such desire" ~:
Suppose then farmer has made up his
mind, ii practicable, to remain in North Car
DINA. doing the best he can for himself, and
OF course for his State-wlat next 2 One of
the first things for him, think, is to discard
all idea OF acquiring or laying up money. If
he can make enough to eat. and wear and
educate his children, let him invest every
dollar thereafter in the soil. And in the mat
ter of education, let him recollect that with
the inculcation of sound moral and religious
principles, the elements of reading. writing,
arithmetic, geography and English COM
position should be combined enough work,
real muscular effort, to enable the children
not only to earn support, but to strength
en- body and mind. The idea of enriching
the soil and laying up money at the same
time, or raising family of sons or daught-
ers without aoork, real useful labor, is in
the present state of our lands and our
finances simply preposterous In 80 cases
in 100. he who lays up money by his farm,
is robbing his heirs by skinning his land.
My first advice then is-invest all YOUR spare
cash in your farm again and again. Tn the
next place, adopt as early as possible, a reg
ular rotation OF crops-dlviding the best of
your farm, say into five parcesohayipo one
first year IN corn, I'd oats, 3rd wheat04tb
and 9th clover-the object being as soon az
possible, to get good sod over the whole
place; and to this end, let each field have
always two years to run in grass. clover. ora
mixture OF clover and timothy. To accom-
plish this object, save all the manure posi-
Die, pen sheep, hogs and chickens, as well as G.
stable calves and horses. Keep all the stock,
cows and sheep particularly, which you can
make nay enough to feed we'll Sell no hay,
except 1or accommodation to neighbor.
save all soap suds, ashes, dead animals, old
nohes, scraps OF leather and woollen rags,
throw out the rich earth from fence corners
ana other places where it has collected let
no weed grow to maturity, compost these ma
terlais and spread broadcast, with the stable
ana Darnyard manure on tie wheat crop or
the grass crop of every year. If able, buy
lime and plaster for the same purpose. Be
cautious, however, in making purchases of |