The New York herald., 1869-05-22

question Is which policy Will prevail IN MS COUNCILS
European war or peace hinges upon the decision Of
| this point
TURKEY.
.>-~~>~~oo~D>o~o.~>>~~N~<~
| Tho Differences with Greece DipIomatically
| Healed for tho Prosent-The Sporades-
Their Grievances-What They Desire-COn-
stantinopie and Its Inprovoments-An In
furious Tax.
CONsrANTINOPLE, May I, 1859.
Diplomatic relations have been finally renewed
between Turkey and Greece by the arrival Of the
Greek Minister. Mr.. Ranghabe after being received
by the Sultan on Sunday, the 2sth ult, paid his
official visits at the Porte Mr.. Ranghabe your
readers will recOllect, Hellenic Minister at Paris, and
protested energeticaly against his exclusion from
the conference. Mr. Tranos was at first spoken OF
for this legation and, 1t s said was even mentioned
by the Grand yzer as the that Turkey
would receive with most satisfaction. Mr.. Ran
ghabe's appointment has been generally approved
at Athens, and he will be welcomed by the Greek
community here. While his patriotism Is above
suspicion his concillatOry manners and tact Will do
much towards dispelng the uncomfortable feeling
and mstrust that naturally still exist between the
two countries. Few would have been more suitable
for the same mission under the present circum-
stances.
The subject of the "Sporades" is stu occupying
attention. This group consists OF thirteen islands
Syria Haiku, Stamphalia Scarpento, Stanchio Calym-
no, Jimnos, Sere, Patm0s NlssyrO, Piscopi, Cassos
and Nicaria-inhabted by about 100 900 souls nearly
all Of Greek blood. The chief trade OF these islands
has from the earliest times been maritime Of which
the sponge fishery the coasts Of Syria and Crete
form an important item. Politically the group has
for many centuries enjoyed nearly the most complete
right of selfgovernment administered by Demarchs.
chosen by popular suffrage. Turkish petty COVER
nor, called an hindu. has had nominal power but In
reality his functions might be said to have been
merely executive, the council OF Demarchs being
supreme. small tribute was paid annually to the
Porte but in other respects these islands were prac-
ticaly Independent About five years ago the Porte,
divided the empire into provnces-a system OF gov
ernment which has certainly many advantages over
the (sO to speak departmental division OF former
times, which it has replaced. This system was also
extended to the Archipelago the Governor General
Of which attempted to limit the old constitutional
privileges enjoyed ab antique by the "Sporades,"
and In fact. to assimHate them to the cont.
mental provinces, with view undoubtedly OF
selves but of the Central Treasury at Constanti-
nople. Acnmet Kaiserly Pacha the Governor Gen.
era of the Archipelago tried to introduce the new
order Of things. He rst tried persuasion. and then
that proving unavailing had recourse to force The
sturdy ISLANDERS & aSweyes 1esisted both and m saSwea
the carrying out Of the proposed reforms; The ex-
unction Of the Cretan revolt seems to have been
tempting to enforce the snitan's authority, and
orders were again sent to the Governor to introduce
the new measures and TO employ 10 that end such
moment is opportune, and fear that the attempt 10
they look as birthrisht must lead TO compcations
which the Porte would have done well to obviae at
this change OF policy with regard to this group are
necessarily small, the country being for the most
part arid and unproductive; and although the de-
IsS policy y se new ous e portion
empire at all events just now, may be well doubted
sa0i' s Paris nis e 'sss elr
tore the Emperor and crave his assistance.
but the facts Of an attempt to bring to the atten.
ton Of foreign government complaints against the
Porte in this way is somewhat significant and has
accordingly attracted attention. No decided policy
has, so far as can learn, been resolved on by the
Porte but 1t has so often given proof Of prudence
and moderation that 1t Is to be hoped that IL Will not
now be found wanting in either.
Constantnople on both sides Of the Horn is under.
going Iapa changes streets us are @ oens 1 hanS
somer shops In the European style, are being every
where erected, and the Pera side OF the Horn espe-
cally Is rapidly losing II 1t has not altogether lost
the characteristics Of Eastern city. In Stamboul
Constantinople proper where nres have not cleared
| the ground to open up the way to new and modern
shaped buildings, vestiges OF an oriental city are
to be met with in dirty and narrow streets, over
hanging roofs nearly meeting across the street and
excluding air and light, shops more like the tenn
p0rary sheds one meets with at fairs, barring the
activity and business energy to be seen there. The
ings themselves, dating centuries back undergo no
change and their occupants seem as unmndful OF the
march OF civilization and change outside. small
portion of these bazaars, burned down q few years
| ago, have been widened. well paved and generally
improved but the traveller still dwells with pleasure
on the old constructions and their quaint Internal
| arrangements, and regards the new but as inter-
| lopers and intruders unpardonaby marring the
curiosities he has come far to see StaUbQul 10
| now endowed with Its 'Lord Mayor al one Of the
Ministers remarked In introducing Sever Enendi TO
the English n1a Ambassador few weeks ago Govern
pontment and II allowed to act, Sever Enend Will
not fail to greatly promote the interests Of the vast
city or which he has been named the civic chief.
He is a man OF great energy thoroughly upright. OF
enlightened views, most fautess manners and uni
The Turkish .'Red Booky has been published. or
227 pages which 1t contains 16s are devoted 10 the
Cretan insurrection; but there Is nothing In them
that has not already been published In substance by
the different European Cabinets that have given 10
the public their correspondence with Turkey ana
between themselves on this important event. A
summary OF these documents would therefore, have
little " any present interest.
Turkish paper the Fakoin.t vakai, publishes the
new mining regulations which have been lately
submitted for approval TO the Council OF state:
These regulstons greatly modify the Old regime and
cannot fall II adopted, to attract foreign capital.
Hitherto this source OF great national wealth has
been cramped-rendered unproductive by the enor
on all concessions, varying from twenty TO twenty
nve per cent OF the produce The mines conceded
could not be worked under sucn Disadvantages. ana
the natural consequence was q very insignificant
income to the state In the way OF dues. The perni-
cous eject OF this tax has long been pointed out TO
the government, but IL In only few months since
that II has consented to reduce II. BY the regu
latlons the royalty IL to be five per cent only the
ore extracted payable In kind or Its countervaue In
cash, at the concessionaire's option The duration
oil the concession Is not to be less than ninety nine
years. THIS IN c0ntradistinction TO the terms OF
RON I'VE to twenty years obtainabe under the old
rules Is great advantage will recur TO this SUD
lect at greater length when these new regulations
nave been finally sanctioned and adopted The
mineral wealth Of the Turkish empire proverbial,
M ana needs but TO encourage capitalists TO secure
ior 1t It's full development and legitimate place In the
list OF national resources.
the MURDER 0f OR. AVER