davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
IPubic-No. 20.
An act to renew grants Of land to the State

PubIc-No. 70
An act to renew certain grants Of land to the State
of Alabama.
Be it enacted by the :. nate and House of Rep
res-ntatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That much of the grant
% lands t. the State of Alabama by e act
of Congress approved June three, eighteen hun
bred and fifty six, ent tied 90 An act anting
Iblic lands in alternate sections TO the State Of
Alabama. to aid in the construction Of certain
railroads in said State were granted To as
sist in the building of railroads - from near
G,j,,en to some int the alabama and ME-
sissippi state line in a direction to The Mobile
and oh 10 railroad, with view to connect with
the said MvbIie and Ohio railroad and '' from
tsadsden to connect with the &c riga and Ten
ne-see and Tennessee line of railroa Is through
Chattooga, Wills. and Lookout valleys, is
hereby revived and renewed. subject u all the
conditions and restrictions contained in the act
referred to, and subject I. the further limitati
pleted within three years from the time Of the
passage Of this act no further sale shall be made
tor the benefit If such rai'roa and the lands
sold shall revert the United states: Provided.
That the lands granted by the act hereby re-
viyei, except mineral lands. shall be sold to
actual settlers only in quantti.s t greater than
one-quarfer section to one purchaser. and for a
price not exceeding two dollars and fifty cents
per acre.
SEQ, p And be il further enacted. hat the
right, power, ant authority is hereby given to
the companies building the afresaid railroads 10
take from the public lands adjacent to the lines 1T
said raiir ads EARTH stme and other materials for
the Cons tructi,n thereof: and the right of way il
hereby granted IL the extent of one hundred feet
in width on each side of SAID railroads where they
may pass the public lands. nclu,iing neces
suy grounds for stations and structures connected
Herewith, not exceeding fortv acres atany one
station.
Approved. April 10, 1869.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
Public Res..lution-No. 81

Joint Resolution to facilitate the construction Of
the custom-,.ouse at Bangor. Maine
B. il resolved by the Senate ami II Of Rep
resentafiyes Of the United ates Of America in
onsress assembled. That the secretary of the
Treasury be authorized to make present appli-
cation Of the rwent five Thousand dollars appro
priate the last session of the forrieth congress
for the Bangor custom house and public buildings
the same to be applied to the use provided in said
appropriation, not hereby increasing the said ap-
preparation as heretof re male.
Approved, April ), 1853.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
IPubiic RE solution No Is. /
Resolution for the protection Of soldiers and
their heirs

Resolution for the protection Of soldiers and
their heirs
Resolved by the Senate and Home of Repre-
sent tir-- OF the United States Of America in C,n
gres> asSembl d. That the ing officers of
the treasury and pay department who are charged
with the settlement and p ym-nt # bountie- due
To ldiers their heirs be- and they her, by.
directed To pay csuse To be paid the sums 4, und
due 10 the said sIliiers or their heirs in per-on
or by transmitting the amount to them direct in
adraft or drafts, payable to his, he. or their
order through the Ere. dnen's Bureau,
State agents appointed specially for that pur-
pose = 2, .vsr..r~ IF national asyiuuis pension
agent Of the district where he she, or they may
reside mi not t. any claim ent or upon any
power Of attorney, transfer, assignment
whatever
SEc. = And he it further resolved. That any
officer clerk Of any oi the executive depart
msnt- of the government who shall be lawfully
detailed to Investigate frauis- atteInp to de-
irI.nd, ru the government, or any rregul irity or
Nilsson iuct # any officer ct agent of The United
States. shall have power TO administer aaths L
sftilsvits taken the course Of anv such inve,ti
1s'i"a.
sEc , And be i. further res lvei That tn.
fees allowed by law TO ATTORNEYS agents shall
be reserved ny the Pay department sai pension
sgeat and ps.i sail agent ar attorney when |
sny sric fees due for services rendered pre-
r,.ring -uciI bounty b,anties, and not other |
wise.
APPROX. j. April 10. 1870
TPuhlic Reso.u;ion-No. IL. |
goint Resolution authorizing the transfer of GER
tain .,fiatsT.> heret.f re made.
he it r,splve,i oy the S.ntre and House Of Rep
r.sent1tives Of the United States Of America IN /
Congress assembled. hat the Seer tary Of the /
iSur, he. .ni he is hereby. authorized and d
rprteI 20 csu~e the sum Of seve fyvigt thou-af
a ars {, be transferred from The apprcp' iation
& r. p..er for the pnblic printing c, ntaired
the act itit ei :. An act making apHTopTia5i n
.oa tue legislative. executive. and juuici II ex
p-nses # the government { " the year Ell ing
Juue thir.ieth eighteen hui dred and sixty -rne.
approved on the tu ensieth of July, eighteen hun
,.rss, an ssty-.iyht in aid of the sppFopriatiors
cor ia red in the sameact for the foowip pnI-
s,ses and in the foil, wing proportions, To wit
HSr c,iitii gent EXPENSES Of the Office OF Con-
s--,...ai Printer. three Thousand dollars.
S-.s the public printing, seventy five thousand
-. April 10, 1869.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
II. S. N A ON,
ECLECTIC PHYSICIAN

IL DISEASES OF wOMrN AND CHILL
"A dren especially treated. old Chronic Dis
e SEES cured. Private diseases If every characte,
treated in strict confidence N. mo OcCA-
SION TO Go TO SAN FRANCISCO. G. g
Office, We side Of Careon street, few dcOrt
south Of PenrOd House.
August 9th, 1854
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
DsS>OA.UTklBN.

V,HE O-PARTNEPSHIP HERETOFORE
I existing between Mason, Of Carson city,
Nevada and s. Huff. Of San Leandro, Cal rnia.
under he firm usme Of Mason Huff. is this day
dissolved bY mutual consent. Either Of the for.
mer par ners viii sign in liquidation.
II. :. MASON,
s HUFF.
Car.on Civ, September LIST 1869. 30d*
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
County Auditors Report.

The County Auditor has the honor to make the
following report. respecting the fiscal affairs of
Ormshy County for the six mont hs ending on the
3oth June, 1869:
The bal%nce in the County Treasury
the LIST day Of January 1869, was......<10, 491 -
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12

e. s. Land Office, Carson City, Nevada,
July Dist, lSo9.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
PUBLIC NOTICE TO PRE-EMP11oN CLAIMANTS.


Books to adverse certain sslet
eand the Will
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
Public Resolution-N No. 4

A Resolution in relation to lighthouses on the
cuast Of Oregon.
Resolved by the Sen tie and House II Represen-
tatives Of the Tn ted States of America in Con
gress assembled That The erection Of the light
house at AguiHns bay. and of other lighthouses
on the coa-t # Oregon. for which appropriations
have been may he made, shall not be DELAYED
for want Il the c,nsent Of the legislature Of the
State To the purchase of the site sites for such
lighthouses
Approved, March -. 1869.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
rpmblic-No a.

An Act to discontinue sauit Stes Marie. q Dor.
Of entry in the Superior district, and to estab-
li-h Marquette in lieu thereof
Be il enacted by the Senate and House Of Rep
resentatises OF the United states Of America in
Congr assembled, That Sault ste. Marie, in the
district Of Superior, is hereby discontinued a
port Of entry, and that the port Of entry for the
district be, and is hereby, established at Mar
quetfe, at which place the collector . the dis
trct shall reside. and deputy collector shall
side at Sault ste. Marie.
SEC. 2. And be il further enacted, That all
acts and parts of acts conaravenng this act be
and the same hereby, repealed. This act
shall take effect from and after the tenth day Of
May next
Approved April 10, 1869.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
Public Resolution-No. III

Public Resoluton-No. III
A Resolution making San Diego, California, port
of delivery.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Represen-
taiives IF the United States of America in Con-
ct. assembled. That San Diego, California be.
and is hereby, created aport If delivery in the
customs collection district of an Francisco. and
that the deputy collector of that port receive the
same salary other deputy collectors of the dis
rrict.
Approved, April 10. 1869.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12

A Resolution relating TO government buildings AT
Fort T,tten. Dakota Territory
Resolved by The Senate and House of Represen-
tatiyes Of the Unit-d States of America m Con
1ress assembled That the Secretary of War be,
and he hereby is, authorized an empowered 10
direct the necessary buildings at Fort Totten,
Oak ia Territory. to be constructed of brick
and tn accept th.>e said fort already COM
srructei Of brick Proviied That in his judgment
buil,iie e Of that mater sl W III not tie more ex
peHsive than buildings # wsuj And prov ided
further, That no appropriation will be necessary
theS-f,r-
Approved, April 6, 1869.
The Carson daily appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1865-1870, 1869-09-12
roHF1cIALI
LAWS o. TUE UNITED STATES


A Resolution relative to consular fees.
Resolved by the Se.ate and House IF Represen-
fatives q the United States If America in Con
gress assembled, That section three Of chapter
two hundred and thirty three If the public acts
Of the thnty-nnt ngress, approved July
twent five, eighteen hundred and sixty six, be-
and is aer-by, declared To take effect from anu
after Janusry first. eighteen hundred and sixty
seven. And ali fees which have been paid into
the treasury in ob-disnce to the provision Of said
section and which ued prior to said first day
If January, ei-hteen hundred and sixty seven
shall be refunded out IF consular receipts
Approved, March 25, 1869.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
FARM AND FIREsEDE.


/ sALLr1e:-B,RINE, A PEENENrIyE AGAlssr
.sMVr, -Amoag the many Experiments made
to guard against smut III wheat pcrliais rome
h hasabeen more successful tran that Of satur-
atipg4 thaisaed in1brihe. Its use is very old,
and the discovery of it wholly accidental. In
tll640 q ship laden with wheat was wrecked
near Bristol, England, After. beng scaled
SOME time. The cargo was rescued and sold
to farmers, and imost,ofit sou-n. The F3i-
lowing harvest the. wheat crop ia England
was generally damaged BY smut except that
obtained from the, whcat which had been
soaked in the salt water, '..'his marked diff
ference was sufficient to Justify the cxperi-
anent again, and Its success has kept it ii,
practice ever since. yf.,
The following came under car own obser-
yaiion, Two farmers produced fnc SAM
pie OF wheat for seed aud divided il equally
between item; The one soaked his wheat in
brine, the other having no faith in it neglect
ed to do 50. 10 The former lad not snluttv
ear i'll his Whole crop while the yield OF the
latter vas almost worthless On account Of it.
Other causes may have existed to produce
this difference butnoD that were apparent.
aud from the Remarkable difference in Tic
two results We are led to believe that it was
e4ltected;by the means employed in The. one
case 1t has been fully ascerained that
the preventive VIII not avail VIXEN tn seed is
affected with smut unless tlsesseason is very
favorable, which alone viii prevent SMUT
aa' When Grops have been damaged BY smut,
an excellent expedient IS to select seed from
a different soil. having it well elaansad Ex-
perlehce tell Us that selecting seed wheat
form different localities is Beneficial il. many
respects. 1t is best to bring il flem a strong
clay soil, no matter on what kind Of soil it is
to be sown. A change from red clay to
white clay works wcll so also from q white
to red clay. 9' Changing seed from sandy
soil to. clay has not been successful, and.it is
and old saying that this is no change at all.
~ Distance ron PLANTING FRUIr TRrrs =
J: b. Cline, praticai pomologist Of Roches-
ter, N. L, publishes the following table as
furnishing the proper distances for planting
standard fruits
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
whisky vs. Brains

j. Judge Bay, the temperance lecturer ii
4 one OF his efforts. got offith following hi,rd
hit at Observation-Disclosures 2"af9ii' 3iIi;H 3.
b IAN those who iii, youth,reqiiae aIhabis
| OF drinking whiskay atiforty years of age
| will be total a5stainors orhdrirakardst no
one ean drink ,whiskey for years with mod
Grafton shqL E there isap ersoniin the audience
whose expefieiiGe disputes this Net him make
1T knawn / will account bfor it, torsiiaSknowf-
i edeaihatISaia sa6stakeinp5Ils a4issh j. df
Fl A3iall,y fafge inanaiose AMI folding Ills
arms across his bl'east. said: u j ,<sa 5sguo.
Il Lo1terI myself asnac whose owig3dexperiI
ence eoatraJiots your staiemohtssd 4oGlr7 .
AreY a moderate drinkerl asked The
Judge. ,t3izs fes.4 ,1iiii 5d jli4 I ia,.
Lam st-9qHti giagoa.93 f4;,f5{ Il; 9Giif
7 How long have you drank in moderation?
Forty years. q 4s2. xa. xsa.sit
And were you never intoxieated9 7sf
Sever. "a 3qa6 ijlni;- ,Jti 3ro5 sr
Well remarked the Juded, scanning his
subject closely from head. to foot, YOURS is a
singular case yet,it is'easllyag Accounted ff 5r
am reminded by ii of a afi;tle story: A
eolored m 4! with g lot of bread ana a botJ|
tie Of whisky, sat down to dine on the bank
OF clear strtain. In break king the bread he
dropped some of the crumbs Into The = water ter
These were eagerly seized andeeaten byg the 4
fish! That circumstances suggested to. The
negro the idea Of Dipping, the bread into the
whisky and feeding i to Them, He tried
it 1t worked Eell ! Some Of ttIle: fish ate Of
it became drunk, and fdittd helplessly q on
the surfaced In, tlfis way he easily caught
large nlnmbegaj .But,in sllo stream was
large Il" fish very unlike the Test, 1t was, shy
OF every effort Of Che negro 20 take, it,, He
resolved to have it at all hazards, that he
might learn its nanc and nature. q He pro-
cured anet,i and after much effort eaueEt. ii
carried i to q. coqsed neighbor,i and asked
his opinion in the matter, >, The other sur,
yeyed the wonder moment, aud then said !:
Sambp, Il, understand dis case. ? Dish fshyis
muIlet:-heia.d it ain't got any abBains, ,Iu |
ether words added thelJuag &C., rtsalcohola ef
teets only the brains andaof course those
having H!one may drink without injury
x The storm of laughter which followd
drove the moderate drnker" suddenly from
the house. Southern Suna;.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
4 Case CT the Ietributive justice Of fseay

THE BoLMEyER MURDER. The retrilutiye
justice Of Heaven has never been more clear
ly shown or oxempiifed than in the fate of
the judge and jury who acquitted the MUIR
dercr of the lancnted Bolmeyer.
The circumstances surrounding tie ease
are too well known to justify rehearsal at
this time. Briefly. a brutal beast bearing
the name Of Bro@n, in cold blood, and with
out the slightest proyocation, assassina:od
l'olmeycr on a public street in Dayton, in
broad daylight, III presence ofnumero1,s wit
nesscs, for the only reason that Bolaeyer
vas the editor-in-chief Of the Dayton Elm
pire, Democratic paper.
!, Brown, being fearful Of the iust luligna-
ton Of the people Of Montgomery county,
prayed fora change Of venue, had his, case
transferred to the loyal county Of Miami, and
after mock trial was acquitted by a. jvry
organized for that purpose by a loyal court
and sheriff, notwithstanding the. proof Of
guilt Nas incontestable and oycrwl,eln4iues.
This vas tho Judgment Of man. Now
witness the Judgment of Almighty God
Every joyyinan Of nolmoyer has siNce been
bereft Of reason, net unnatural death Or
committed suicide and as q fitting capstona
TO this arch ofretribaiiva justice, Judge Par
sons, who presided over The neck trial died
few days since a horrible death in the lu-
matte asylum atDaytop. LII:
Verify those who f'sow The wind shall
reap the Whirlwind /"
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05

'
AN IMPRESSIVE INCIDENT. AT the funer
al Of g little child. Il siiyery haired pastor
entered the room. Needing not the chair
placed for 'ila by the small table with the
Bible upon it, he walked to the little form,
gazed upon it, and laying his hand on the
ivory forehead, spoke first to the dead
Dear lamb safe in the fold safe in the
fold!" Every heart throbbed and every eye
gave forth its tears at this sweetly solemn
congratulation, The words of comfort res
ted III the parents' hearts then and ever az
ter, ond those present who had also mourned
believed and looked upward. "5
"A word 1itly spoken, how good it is !''
That loving sentence was the better prelude
to the hymt and prayer, and the heart
turned with love to the book whence they
were taken ~
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05

steyg was playing WITH his new top one
Sunday, when his mother zaid to him: Ste
Wy, don'tyou conscience tell YOU it is wrong
10 play with your top on Sunday No ma'anl
answered steyy: every well,' said his
mother; your conscience .doa't tell yol,
tbs wrong, go on" steyy put down his
top, and sat some moments patiently waiting.
After while he took it up again and said /:
"Well, guess | might as well 60 on with
my play, don't hear my conscience say any
thing
How many people are like Stevy!
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05

VALUABLE ADVICE FOR THE LADIES.
When lady, sitting for a picture, would
compose her mouth to a bland and serene
character, she should, just on entering the
room, say "Hosom," and keep the express
sion into which the mouth subsidies until the
desired effect upon the company is evident.
IF, on the other hand, she wishes to assume
a distinguished and somewhat noble bearing,
not suggestive Of sweetness, she should say
Brush" the result Of which is infallible.
Il she would make her mouth look small she
must say ':Flip," but f the mouth be already
too small and needs ealarging, she must say
'.Cabbage." Ifsshe wishes to look mourn
full she must say ssKerchunk," Ifresigned,
she must foreibly calculate s's'cat" Ladies
when having their photographs taken, may
observe these rules with some advantage to
their appearance.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05

TO MAKE LEATHER WATER PROOF Tie
Wisconsin Farmer says, the best thing we
have ever tried tot1nako boots OF shoes wa
ter-proof lsthe simple article 0. castor oil
Apply it 70 the boot when dry, and soal, it
by the fire until the leather is saturated -
Treat the soles in the same way, being care
full to dry we'll, so that they will not grease
the, cqrpets. We once Sried pair Of calf
boots IN this way, and few days after lwc
walked i've nliiqs in saturated snow and va
terfr0m six to ten inches deep at every Step
and came out 'sitA feet perfectly dry. Gas
tor oil will keep the leather soft, pliablo ana
black. though not glossy, and quite imper-
yious to water.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
THE ARTiop BEING; NIys%g. u. f in

Tue ART OF BENG NIrsi,RA Ii Rings
ley says: eff you should wish to be mis-
eraale you must think about yourself; about
what you want, what you like, what respect
people ought to pay you, what people think
Of you; and than to you nothing viii be
pure. Fouwill spoil everything you touch !;
you will make sin and misery for yourself
cut Of everything which God sends you you
will be as wrotcheG rs you chocsa,''
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
EMPoRTANT TO MERCHANTS. ~:
I WWOLESA LE3'RET14ZL, -4'
CHINA, GLASS & WHITE GRANITE WARE
-H 'r. AT CHINA FAET, .. .

The subscribers now receiving the largest
stock of WARE ever seen in Stanton, and they
are now prepared to make the following PROPOSE
tion to merchants, viz:
We can and will sell the best White Granite
Ware at precisely Baltimore prices, with freight
Adde
We will only name the prices of some leading
articles.
ThE best White Granite Handle Teas at 81 cts.
er set: the identical goods you have to pay So
cnts for at regular jobbng houses in Baltimore.
Breakfast, Tea, and Dining Plates at from one
dollar twenty-five, to one dollar seventy-five cts
per dozen. This is the best Granite Ware made.
Covered Dishes, Ewers, Basins Dishes, Pitch
ers, Tureens, Sauce Boats, Pickles, Buffers &c.
We are willing to take the invoice of any job
bug house, and duplicate the bill at 10 per cent,
advance, which we think is about the expenses
incurred in shipping to Staunton.
@s- In retailing we can sell nearly all kinds
of Ware at 40 per cent, lower than before the
War; taking the price of gold as a basis.
We have made arrangements to receive large
additions to our stock every week. and are de-
termined to supply any demand made upon us
and at wonderfully low prices. Our motto is
''Quick Sales and Short Profits
PIPER, DRAKE & co.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
DURKE's LIVERY STABLE,

SANS. STANTON VA.
The proprietor takes this OCCASION to call the
attention of his friends, and the public generally,
to his complete outfit of -:lT
NEW BUGGIEs, HACKS &C.,
which, in neatness and case Of running, are not
equalled by any Livery in the Valley, ....4
His stud Of riding, Buggy and Hack horseshas
been considerably Increased and be is now pre-
pared to accommodate persons with Superio
riding and driving horses, both gentle and fast
He will furnish single feed or board horses by
The day, week or month on liberal terms.
Parties can rely on their horses being we'll cared
for, as that experienced and famous hostler, TON
BETHEL is in general charge of the stable.
Ns~ Persons desiring Hacks, Bugges or Horse
would do we'll to call on the proprietor, who can
always be found at the stable, which is convenient
30 both Hotels and directly between the Railroad
and Virginia House. Xxi. -. ,.... r..
Thosehaying horses for sale will find good
accommodations at Burkes Stable. e.
Tnay1--tf
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05

r UMBER, LUMBER.
COMPREHENSIVE.
R. H. Bell and G. R. Mathews having this day
bought out the entire interest of T. B. Cauthorn
in the siSteam Saw Mil'' of Hughes Cauthorn,
and having formed partnership with Mr.. G. P
Hughes, will continue the Lumber business at
their Lumber Yard on the Va. G. r. r., near
Milboro' Depot.
Are prepared 10 furnish Lumber in any guam
tity, and at reasonable prices.
Letters on business or orders should be ad
dressed to HUGHES Co,
Cady's Tunnel P. O.,
May 4th 1868. .a.. H., .iau,s Bath Co., Va.
l take this method of returning my thanks to
the public for their kind and liberal patronage,
and bespeak q continuance Of the same towards
the above firm. Ii Mrs. Ga p .Hughes is hereby
authorized to settle up the business of the late
firm of Hughes & Cauthorn;
j 'lgk III
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1869-03-05
.,ENPLEi OF FASHION 81

: Mrs. K: NJ. Kelley has returned from Baltimore
with large and elegant assortment of Millinery
and Fancy Goods, which consists of all the latest
novelties Of the season, Real and Imitation Lace
Collars, Plain and Embroidered ditto, Linen and
Cambria Chemisetts, Ladies Misses Kid Gloves,
American, French and German Corsetts, Cloaks
ofthe very latest styles, Dress Trimmings. Black
and White Mourning Collars, to all of which she
invites the special attention of Ladies. ;s-.a
: The latest novelty of the season is the Grand
Duchess Pannier4 and GraTat,, Hair Braids and
Frizzes and new style .odgnon, sold at Baltimore
prices .dsD4.. 7sd,e H. heA e-@* 7t'i 'H+ia
nov6-tf ~ ~ 3i+ ~. -s'r