New-York tribune., 1869-06-05

other words, the policy 80 f0rclOiy Coinlnehucu
by Gen. Jackson has been adopted, and the
results foreshadOwed by him have been meas
uraby realized.
And here let me notice the cavil which
runs thus-"If Protection is good on the large
"scale why not on the smalli If the United
Estates should be fenced about by Tariff,
"why not Illinois, or Rhode Islandf' In its
original form, this quip applied to the substl-
tuition of stoves for fre-places when it had
become desirable, through the diminution OF
our forests, to economic fuel and it ran thus
-" If one stove will save half the fuel, why
not buy tlcO, and save it alli Such logic may
provoke a smile, but can hardly require serious
refutation. The facts that every industrial
pursuit, and especially every one that requires
heavy concentration of capital, SKILL ma
chinery. &c, to insure its successful prosecu-
tion, must have room to turn itself "a
reasonably capacious area upon which to find
customers and cOnsumers-is too obvious to re-
quire demonstration. To argue thence that
there should be no tariffs is to insist that,
since cattle are benefited by change of pas
ture, therefore the grazing portion OF each
farm should be fenced into so many pastures
as there are days in tho year. Canada
has cheaper labor and cheaper capital
than the United States yet my question last
Winter, "Why not establish Cotton and WOOlen
factories here in Montreal ~ was parried by
another: "Where are our markets R"-tbose Of
Europe being remote and unTemunerative;
those of the United States at hand yet virtu-
ally inaccessible; those of British America con-
venient butinadequate. The cost of diifusing
and exchanging the products of Agriculture and
Manufactures respectively throughout a cOun-
try may be decidedly less than if everything
needed by its people were required to be pro-
duced on each square league of its area; though
it would nevertheless be ruinous to send the Ores,
Cotton, Wool and Food of one continent to
another, and receive back their proceeds i'll the
form of Wares and Fabrics. In this, as in
many things, there is a just, benefcent me
dunn between extremes; and that medium is
not always determined by the prices that
rule in the open market, as / shall aim to show
hereafter.
This, then, is our position respecting Com
merce: That 1t has broad, though not q
boundess, field of legitimate and bengnant
actiyity-that it should be the servant, not the
master, of Industry-that it should interchange
the productions of diverse zones and climates,
following, in its trans-Oceanic voyages, lines
of longitude oftener than those of latitude, and
aiding to disseminate useful arts and processes
rather than serving to discourage and retard
such diffusion by crushing out infante and
crude essays at their establishment in coun-
tries to which they have hitherto been str;ln-
gers. This they may do, and often have done,
by bringing TO bear disastrously upon the young
aspirants the fatal competition of their older
and far stronger rivals, located in lands where
those arts were long since cradled, and wherein
they have attained, through ages of prosperous
growth, ripe and hardy maturity. Such compe-
ttion is neither just in its essence nor benignant
in its effects 1t impels the trained and mailed
veteran 10 mortal combat with the green, un-
armed stripping who is yet a novice in the art
of War LET every one look out for him
"sclf' brnycd the donkey dancing among
chickens; which might answer Cor the donkey,
but not so we'll for the chickens. Industry has
its campaigns and its battle.telds and is not yet
beyond the need of entrenchments and fortit-
cations. How these are to be constructed
armed, and manned, shall endeavOr TO indi-
cate in the following chapters