The Hawaiian gazette., 1868-12-23

Tue o~J<Sl " toc SAFSNAttSA = ~ SttS-Nk y
first to reach the eastern eoas, Of 6reen-
land above the Tlth degree Of latitude.
and thea. shsr touching At Sshiae lslani
/ 10 fellow the coest IL order TO get an en-
trsnce into the Polar Sea. and ioaliy to
emerge. Il possible. frou RshripS Straits
If they were BOT able TO penetrate further
than Sritzaeryse, they would Try al ex-
ploring VOYAGE IN ellis Land. situated 70
the eastward, The Gsr-zasic took pro-
visions for oos year, The expedition was
heard fro0 iu the latter part Of July, the
ship being thea blocked Up in the mIdS;
Of an icy regtoa.+
I Not long sso. Swedish expedition set
ogt with the same object in view, in the
direction that Parry Indicated in l>37.
We are now going to set forth the
chances Of success offered by the Freneh
project. and explain the reasons jastifying
the choice Of the way By which Mr., Gus
tave Lambert proposes to reach the North
Pole.
/ Mr.. Lambert. an hyirographer and nav
igator. an ex-pupil Of the Polyteehnic
School. has already visited the regions
lying in the neighborhOod Of the way by
which he intends directing the expedition.
He left Havre on board the Wfgslasc,
/ Capt. IAhaste. on the 18th Of July, 1855,
and passing through Behring Straits, went
ss far north as ~, and. during three
months in the midst Of the icsbergs,
earnestly studied the problem, the sola-
tiou Of which he Is going TO attempt.
7 Mr. Lambert has fixed his choice upon
: way that has been tried bat once that
! Is. the way Of Cook. In the uouth Of
July. that Is TO say. at the time Of the
great breaking up Of the ice in the Polar
regions, be wishes to pass BehriDg Straits,
to leave Cape Serdze and Cooks North
Cape behind him to the west. and push
through the floating ice to reach @Polyuia-
or the open sea. and thence to make his
way to the Pole
The considerations on which this pro
ject is based are Of two kinds First. 8
series Of facts, sscertained by observation,
or deducted from theory. leads to the be
6sf that the mean temperature. instead Of
getting lower and lower, il continuous
manner. towards the Pole. IS. on the con-
trary. higher there than in the Arctic
Circle. or at about 81 : Of latitude From
this, xOald arise the possibility Of finding
at the Pole itself an open sea, surrounded
bv an lev barrier. which X anlv @ntir~tv
closed during the coolest mouths OF winter.
An attentive examination Of the polar
currents. and Of the iesbergs they carry
along with them, brings "A additional force
to the hypothesis of 5 vast open sea roll
ing its waves around the North Pole.
The reports OF Hedsnstruem, WrangeI
and d'Anjou. who have seen IN inmense
sheet Of open water north Of Siberia,
and those Of Morton and Dr. Hayes, Eho
have net With an open sea north ui
Smiths Straits, assume thereby a very
precise and clear character, which hardly
allows Is to doubt the real existenee of a
polar sea
1t Is 1oE vel known that the teupera-
tare Of a given place OF the globe Is not
merely regulated BY the position Of such
Place between the Equator and the Pole
and this Is proved by the E0tEsT7zs. OF
lines Of equal warmth, EhiA Alexzndsr
vuu Humboldt has Taught a. to trace on
the maps Of the globe 1t i not, there
fore. an absolutely necessary aE that the
poles where the axis Of r0tatiou reaches
the earth's surface, should se, both, the
eoIdsst points thereon In the year Is7I
Sir David Brewster came 10 the eoneIusiOn
/ By thoru1gh examination of the isOther-
nal lines. that there we're tso poles Of
cnId-oue situated ia Siberiz and the
other Ia North Ansricz-fFou which fact
Il naE D. inferred that the mean tenpera-
turs i= higher at the very Pole than in
=ons parts OF the Arctic Circle In 1864
a eeIebratsd Italila gsoueter, PIanz, cal
euIated the distrI6ati0n Of soIar warmth
On the sarfles Of the earth, and demon
strzted that fruu the Polzr Circle, the
Esa1 Temperature Increases Up to the
Pole /: result which Il was dlEie1It ta
have theoretically forsseeu. aIth0azh It {
quite N accordance with practical observz-
tisu- More rsesntIy =tTI, Mr. Lambert
has arrived at q similar eoneIusi0a IN studT-
ing the avs according TO which the inso-
lztiou- % the quantity Of heat furnished b
\ the s1n- Fzrisz frsa one Place to znotkel
At dIfzrsut zeasous II the yssE.
/ The qaaatity Of beat which spot u
the earth receives n gi5ea tine. depends
ou the ohtquity of The s1ais rays. and n
cssass N pr0pdrtio1 20 the ascent Of ihe
suz- bGt II se vish TO have 81 dez Of thE
eject produced By the saz during CIR
} tain peEi0d. Es n1st zls0 take into eoa-
siisrztioa the reIztiEs dzr-tiou Of day and
night Tie nocturnal eo1dersatioo Of the
atnasFhsrs makes the soa Ioss = n0tablG