The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1868-12-15

ions of our rich and inexhaustillc gold.
bearing fields as may be sufficient for the
purposes of circulation. 1t is unteason-
able to expect u return to a sound cur
rency so long as the Government and .
banks, by continuing to issue irredeema-
BILE notes, fill the channels of circulation !
with deprecated paper. Notwithstand .
ing a coinage by our mints, since 1S49, /
of 1871, 900, ,000th people are now strsui-
gers to the currency which was designed
for their use and benefit, and specimens
of the precious metals bearing the ma
tional device are seldom seen, except
when produced to crafty the interest ex
cited by their novelty. If deprecated
paper is to be continued rs the perman.
ent currency of the country, and all our
coin is to become mere article OF traf-
lic and speculation, to the enhancement
of the price of all that is Indispensable
to the comfort of the people, it will be
wise economy to abolish mlnts, thus say
ing the nation the care and expense in
cident to such establishments, and let all
our precious metals be exported in bull
lion The time has come, however,
when the Government and National Banks
should be required 70 take the most etii-
cient steps, and make all necessary ar
rangements, for the resumption Of spe-
Gle payment. Let specie payment once
be earnestly inaugurated by the Gov
ernment and banks, and the value OF the
paper in circulation would directly ap-
proximate specie standard. Specie
payment having been resumed by the
Government and banks, all notes or bSls
of paper, issued by either, of less de
nomination than twenty dollars, should
by law be excluded from circulation, so
that the people may have the benefit and
convenience ola gold and silver curren-
cy, which. in all their business transac-
tions, will be of uniform value at home
and abroad Every man of property or
industry, every man who desires to
preserve what he honestly possesses or
to obtain what he can honestly'earn, has
direct interest in maintaining safe cir
culating medium, such medium, as shall
/ be real and substantial, not liable to VI
brate with opinions, not subject to be
blown up or blown down by the breath
Of speculation; but be made stable and
secure A disordered currency is one OF
the greatest political evils. 1t under
mines the virtues necessary for the sup
port of the social system and encourages
propensities destructive ofits happiness
it wars against industry, frugality and
economy, and it fosters the evil spirits
of extravaganza and speculation. 1t ha:
been asserted by one of our profound
and most gifted statesmen, that ''ot al
the contrivances for cheating the labor
ing classes of mankind, none has beer
more effectual than that which deiudeS
them with paper money This is th'
most eifectual of inventions to fertlllzt
the rich mans fields by the sweat OF th'
poor mans brow. Ordinary tyranny
oppression, excessive taxation, thes'
bear lightly on the happiness Of this class
of the community compared with q fraud
ulent currency and the robberics commit
ted by deprecated paper. Our own his
tory has recorded for our instruction ch
ough. and more than enough, OF the de
moralizing tendency-the injustice an(
the intolerable oppression on the ylrttl
Gus and well disposed of degraded pa
per currency, authorized by law, or an,
way countenanced by the Government.
1t is one of the most successful dew
ces in times Of peace or war, OF eXpan
sions or revulsions, to accomplish tn
) transfer of all the precious metals iron
the great mass OF the people into t9
hands of the few where they are hoard
ed in secret places or deposited unde
| bolts and bars, while the people are let
to endure all the Inconvenience, sacr1
fees and decentralization resulting tror
} the use of deprecated and WORTHLESS
pfp,r.
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
The Secretary of the Interior in hi
report gives valuable information in n
ference to the interests confined to tn
supervision of his department and II
views the operations Of the Land Office:
Pension Office, Patent Office and the IL
dian Bureau. During the fiscal yes
ending June 80 1868, six millions 81
: hundred and fifty-fve thousand seve
hundred acres Of public land were di'
;, posed of. The entire cash receipts
{ the General Land Office for the sam
: period were 81 ,632, ,745, being greater b
u S2S4.SS3 than the amount realized troi
: the same sources during the prevlou
= wear. The entries under the Homestea
: law cover two million three hundred an
> twenty chit thousand nine hundred an
Il twenty three acres, nearly one-fourth
. which was taken under the act of Jun
: 81, 1856, which applies only to I'll
States of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisi'
; M, Arkansas and Florida.
I On the 3Oth of June, 1868, one hui
: : dred and sixty-nine thousand six hui
y :. dred and forty three names were born G
= the re sion rolls and during the ye'
ending on that day the total amour
3 3 paid for pensions, including the expe
e !. ses of disbursement, was S24,OlO,9S
T. being S5,391, ,025 greater than that e:
u u pended for like purposes during the pr
: ceding year. During the year endir
= the 30th of September last, the expei
ses of the Patent Office exceeded tt
. . receipts by one hundred and sevent.
! ! one dollars, and including reissues al
y designs forteen thousand one hundre
- y end fifty-three patents were issued.
# INDIAN TREATIES.
$ Treaties with various Indian trih
e have heen concluded and will be su
l mitted to the Senate for its constitution
is al action. l cordially sanction the stl
l. ulation which provide for the reserylr
s. of lands for the various tribes whe
Y they may be encouraged to abandc
l. their nomadic habits and engage In agl
V cultural and industrial pursuits, In
: policy inaugurated many years since hi
d met with signal success wherever it h a
been pursued in good faith and with b
coming liberality by the United State
The necessity for extending it as far
!, !, practicable in our relations with Il
III ahor;rinaI Dnnulation is greater now ths