Abbeville press. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, 1868-07-17

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ored children, and the other for whit
ehilJren, the.school fund to be be distribu
ted equally to each class, in proportion t.
the number Of children in each between .h,
ages OF Six and sixteen years. deem
this separation Of the two races in the
public schools a matter of the greatest
Importance to all classes CT our people.
While tue moralist and the philanthro
p'st Cheorfully recognizes the fact that "Go
hath made of one blood all pations o
men'" yet the statesman, in legisIatins
'or political society that embraces two
distinct, and, in some measure, autagouis
tic races. in the grea. body of Its electors
must as far as the law of equal rights
will permit, take cogn,zauoe of existing
prejudices among both. In school dist.
riots, where the white children NAV pre-.
ponderate in numbers, the colored chill.
dren may be oppressed, or partially exolu-
ded from the schools, while the same
result may accrue to the whites in those
districts where colored children are in the
majority, unless they shall be separated by
law as herein recommended. Moreover.
It IS the declared design of the Constitu.
lion that oil classes of our people shall be
educated but not to provide for the separa,
ton OF the two races, will be to repel the
masses Of the whites from the educational
training that they so much need, and virtu.
ally to give to our co!ored population the
exclusive benefit of our public schools.
Let us, therefore, recognize facts as they
are, and rely upon time and the eleyating
influence Of popular education, to dispel
any unjust prejudices that may exist
among the two races of our fellow .ciii-
zens.
AGRICULTURE.
The concentration of labor aud oapital
upon one product, and that two extremely
liable to the varying haz ards OF the sea.
sons and the worm, has retarded the agri.
cultural prosperity Of Soath Carolina, and
Of the entire South. The true safety of
the farmer lies in the cultivation of several
products, so that although the season may
be unpropitious for one, he may preserve
the other. lie should not initiate the
unwIse merchant, Who embarks his all,
though uninsured, in single sbip.
The impolicy of concentrating 90 large
portion of labor upon cotton, instead Of
dividing It among mixed crops Of corn,
wheat, potatoes dc, and the products of
the dairy, is best illustrated by the follow
ing facts drawn from the census of 1850.
and the report of the United States CON-
missioner Of Agriculture for 1865. The
cotton crop Of Georgia, tie Empire. State
of tho South in 1860 was 7Ol $40 bales,
yielding little more than thirty m illions
($so,o0o, ,oQo) Of dollars; while the but.
ter of New York in 1865, ono of several
products of the diary, was estimated a.
sixty millions (soo,oOo,OoO Of dollars.
Yet the census gives to New York, but
47O,sl4 farmers and farm laborers, and to
Georgia, includingl white farmers and
farm laborers, and OILY the males of the
slaves. sle,47s persons engaged iu agri-
culture. Should the female slaves be
included, Georgia would have actually had
larger number of farm laborers than the
State Of New Yotk. Besides tue other
dairy products, milk and cbsese, aud the
multitude Of smaller products of the farm,
the principal crops make In value an as
founding aggregate. Thus. in 1864, the
corn crop Of New York was estimated at
sss,0oo, 900. the wheat at $25, 900 900,
the oats at $50, 600. 900, potatoes at sls,,
100000, and hay a, 500, 100000: 1nclu.
ding the minor cereals, the products Of
orchards and gardens, the production Of
beef and mutton from pasturage, and
great variety Of miscellaneous products,
,he currency valse Of The agricultural
productionsof thi. ono State, in that year,
was fT greater than the money returns Of
any cotton crop ever produced 10 this
couutry; and The gold value Of such prod
uc.s would bs greater tIian the gold value
Of half tie cotton crop u 1860, the larges.
ever made in the United States.
The grand results are not due to any
superiority Of soil Or climate above our
own, buts properly directed and diversi-
fed system Of labor and to superior; .gri-
cultural Implements and farm economy.
Tie sggregats product Of the varied
agricultural ,la6ors pust always exceed in
value The yield II any one staple, however
vast and well organized may 30 the sy,tsa
q labor applied to Il, for marked, success
10 the ptoductiori Of dat one, win lessen
fi,s price BY an undue increase Of the
supply ovSr the demand. = -,
The inSodac.ioa of improved ,iapls.
ssats 4et hu,ba1a'y. /. >, matter Of si.a,
importsncs 70 The farming Interests :of The
State, With ths aid Of <proper machinery
aud lie PROPER uss Of fertilizers, oss iatp;
srs yilI be sssblsd, sat ealsivass ! ia1ge