The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1868-09-16

sometimes happens that this cannot
be done, for in many places the OF
chRrds are kept under cultivation,
crops ofvegetables or cereals being rails
ed in them. When an orchard is in grass,
hogs can be kept in 1t. 1.-THE damaged
fruit is not picked up Immediately, it
may as well be left on the ground until
it decays, for the jar which it receives in
falling warns the grub TO quit its tenn
porary habitation, and conceal itself in
the ground.
NEW ORCHARDS.
The high price of fruit and the facil-
tiles which now exist for Shipping it to
distant markets, are inducing farmers
to enlarge their orchards or to plant
new ones. In the laying out of ground
for new orchards attention should be
given to the aspect and the nature of
the soil. Thorough drainage should be
secured. Some soils are situated on a
gravelly or porous subsoil, and being
thus naturally drained, do not re-
quire the application of artificial means.
Subsoiling is very beneficial in prepar-
ing land for fruit trees, as it breaks up
the hard pan, deepens the soil and per-
mits the roots 10 decend 10 a suitable
depth without coming in contact with
stngnRnt water,
THE GRAPE VINE.
Attention should be given to summer
pruning. Unnecessary shoots should
be rubbed off as soon as they make their
appearance, and necessary ones en-
Outraged and trained. August is the
best month for.making layers, but the
operation may be performed with good
effect early in September. If layered
plants do not appear strong enough to
stand the winter, they should be taken
up and potted as soon as they have
and watered they will grow freely.
They should be housed in winter. Lay
ers that are to be left out during winter
should be stopped by pinching of the
leading shoots. This will cause the
wood TO ripen; they should be protect
ed in winter by light covering.
CURRANTs AND GoosEBERRIEs.
Cuttings of currants and gooseberries
made in the fall, rs soon as the wood Is
ripe, will succeed much better than
those which are set. out in the spring,
after vegetation has commenced. As
soon AS the leaves turn yellow, the
largest and best shoots of the current
years. growth should be selected, the
buds at or near the base should be rub
bed off, and the tips of the shoots cut
away. They may be inserted to the
depth of six inches in well prepared
soil, and should be trodden firmly to
keep them from being shaken by the
wind. The depth of the cutting in the
ground, and its height over 1t, must
sometimes be regulated by the length
of the ciOn. AS a rule, from four to six
inches in the ground and as much
above the surface, will be sufficient.
THE VEGETABLE GARDEN.
The collecting of manure for the gar
den should not be deferred until late in
the fall, when, probably, something
will interfere with the work, or until
the spring. when delays are dangerous,
especially when they occur at tho time
when every minute is precious on ac-
count of the necessity of getting the
seed into the ground in the proper sea-
son. compost heap should be formed
near the garden, this should be made
up OF decayed turf, vegetable and ami
NAL remains, etc, all to be mixed and
thoroughly incorporated before being
applied to the soil. Few persons begin
in time TO prepare manure for the gar
portauce of this work could not be in
duced TO neglect 1t. Liquid manure is
excs edlngly useful both for saturnting
solid manure, and also for applying di-
rectly to the soil or the plants.
The most experienced and successful
gardeners manage not to have bare
spots in their gardens. As soon as one
crop has been taken up another is put
down; sometimes three crops are taken
off the same land during the season.
TurnipS may be sown i'll rich soil the
first half of this month, that they may
attain good size before frost. Spinach
may be sown in September, and if
carefully covered during the winter, it
will yield a fine supply of greens early
in spring. Rutabagas, beets or man.
gold wurZel may be transplhnted at
any time. and will grow readily in rich
ground If kept watered for a few days
after being set out. Instead of throw.
ing away the Trimmings of these crops
after the plants have attained large
size, they should be set out carefully in
every vacant spot. Transplanted roots
keep better than those which are not
transplanted.