The southern enterprise. [volume] (Greenville, S.C.) 1854-1870, 1868-07-29
Message Of Gov. r. K. Scott, Gov
ernor Of South Carolina.
[concludcd Froa, Last Week.l
To The General Assembly. ..Fira Session, Held
asne City IF Columbia, July Q, 1868.
Aan,cyIrrnn.

49, - AanicELTCnB. b.. .-
The concentfatioH 5f labor and capital upon
ono product, and that, too extremely liable to
the varying hazard- OF the seasons nnd the
worm, has retarded the agricultural prosperity
Of South Carolina, and of the entire South.
Tho true safety of tho farmer lies IN tho culti
walton Of several products, so that Although
the season may bo unproptious for one; he
may preserve the other. He should not imi-
tate the unwise merchant, who embarks his
all, though uninsured, in n single ship.
The impolicy of concentrating so large a
tortteh Of labor rpon cotton; instead of divid-
Ing Ii aiaong mixed crops of corn, Wheat, po-
tatoes, &C., and the products Of the dciry,.is
best illustrated by the following facts, dtD@n
from the census Of 1860, and the report OF tho
United States Commissioner OF Hgriculture.for
1896, The cotton crop Of Georgia, the ems
birc State of tho South, in 1850, wns 701 $40
halcs, yielding little moro than thirty millions
t$SO, 600, ,000) of dollars; while the butter Of
New York In 1865, one Of several products of
tho dairy, was estimated at sixty millions
tS60, 000. .00O) OF dollars. Yet the census gives
70 New York but 470,0l4 farmers and farm
laborers, and TO Georgia, including white far
mers and farm laborer5, aud only the males Of
the slaves, 3I6,I5s persons engaged in agricul-
turc. Should the female slaves be included,
Georgia would have actually had larger mum
her Of farm laborers than tho State OF Now
York. Besides tho other dairy products; milk
aud cheese, and the multitude Of smaller proS
ducts, of the farm, the principal crops make
m value an astounding aggregate. Thus in
1864. the corn crop Of New York was estima.
ted at $3S, ,000, 900, the wheat at $25, ,000, 900,
the oats at $50, 900 900, potatoes at $l9,000,-
600, and hey at $90,000,000. Including the
minor cereals, tie products Of orchards and
gardens, the production Of beef and mutton
from -pasturage, aud grsat variety Of miscel-
laneous products, the currency value of the
agricultural PRODUCTIONS Of this one State, in
the year. was far greater than tho money re-
turns Of any cotton crop ever produced in this
country; and tho gold valuo Of such products
Would be greater than the gold value of half
the cotton crop of 1860, tho largest ever made
IN the United States. az.
Tho grand results are not due to any supe-
fiority Of soil or climate, above our own, but
TO d properly directed aud diversified system
Of labor aud to superior agricultural imple-
ments and farm economy. The aggregate pro-
duct Of varied agricultural labors must al
ways exceed in value the yield of any one
staple, however vast and well organized may
be the systom of labor applied to II, for mark
ed success in tho production Of that one, will
lessen its price, By an undue increase Of the
supply oter the demand.
Tho, introduction of improved implements
of husbandry Is a matter Of vital Importance
to the farming interests Of the State. With
the aid of proper machinery and the proper
hse Of fertilizers, our farmers viii be enabled
TO cultivate n larger area Of land and to Guilt
vate il moro thoroughly than under the former
System they cultivated n very limited amount
These cofisidefStfohs become all tho more
important in view of the fact, that in South
Carolina there are four millions (4,000,000) OF
acres of land improved, while there are nearly
twelve millions l2 2,000,o00) of acres uniDi-
proceed. The recent discovery Of vast beds o
phosphates of lime on the banks of the Ash.
Joy, rear Charlsston win enable us to enrich
nttr M LAM xvff hat nnna yatn Il
fertilizer at n comparatively small cost. Large
shipments of this fertilizer are now being
made from Charleston to Northern ports, and
which might be manufactured here, and SOLD
oheeply TO enrich tho poor lands Of our owl
State.
1GRfceLr0RAL coLLHeE.
/ Invite your attention to Section o, Articl,
TO- Of the Constitution, which directs the Gen
oral Assembly to provide for the establish men
of an Agricultural College, upon the basis Sc
forth in an Act Of Congress of July 2, 1852
providing for the endowment Of Agriculture
Colleges in the several States. Tho Act pro
vides that each State and Territory shall re
oeive thirty thousand (30,000) acres Of publi
land scrip for each Senator and Representa-
tive that IL may have In Congress. Under il
provisions South Carolina will be entitled :,
eleven hundred and twenty-five pieces 1I25
Of 100 acres each, representing one hundret
u.,, si.hty thousand QSO,00o) acres Of publi
dollar per acre, or one hundred and eight,
thonsand ($i80,000) dollars.
This scrip may be located in any State o
Territory having public lands subject to sale
at one dollar and twenty-five cents (Sl.25) pc
acre. The Act also provides that the none,
arising from the sale Of such scrip shall b
invested by the State iii public stocks, at no
less than fve {5) per cent, interest, and IN
interest shall be appropriated for the estab
lisbnSAnt of at least ono College, where tn
iea4ipg object shaii be, without excluding sci
entife and elsssicsl studios, or military tactirI
70 teach such branches as related to Agri
culture and the Mechanic Arts"
wouid elsosinyite your attention TO IN
general act of Congress of 1854 donaiing 6V
hundred thousand l5e0,ee9) aeros Of publ
land TO each State IN aid Of internal improve
ments. Other States haye, under the aatbori
~ OF Congress, applied that donation to edu
catioDal objects, and suggest that You me
morialize Congress TO extend tho same priv
lcgc to THU State.
STATE poAnp or AsRscuLTuRE AND EMoRA
TI0g.
A celebrated statcsmsn has observed tina
"Agricniture feeds us In great measure
clothes US; without 1t we could not have nan
nfaetures, aud we shoaid not have commerce
they win stand together, bu. they win stan
together like pillars, the largest In the contr,
and that is agriculture." Agriculture is Ia
deed the life Of o nation, its yory existence ds
pending upon the annual production Of its sol
In view OF the vital Importance Of this sub
joct, and of the vast amount Of arabic land I
The State now lying wild and fallow, or at bes
poorly cultivsted, I respectfully suggest th
passage of an act creating State Board q
Agrioaltare and Emigration, to consist Of q
least three capable persons, one Of whom shoul
fe n prartieal Cha.nfsl