Democratic enquirer. [volume] (M'arthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1867-1873, 1868-08-27
AaritaLtural.
FARM, GARDEN AND HOUsEHOED.

FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
How TO PaoDuuE Coon BurrER.--Although
acrupulous cleanliness is absolutely essential
in everything that pertains TO the dairy, as
wsll az q perisctly pure atmosphere ii and
aroundits precincts, fo! the production of
cd with suceessflaI dairy farming that are
equally essential, and where not attended to-,
serve 10 cast blame on thosein actual contact
with the dairJ, while the real cnlprit Is never
thought OF. ~ w.
Let matters in and about the dairy be ever
sD well ordered and conducted, il the COWS
have not good, sound, sweet feedings II ia
perfectly impossible to produce good butter.
Milk Is one OF the most delicate productions
the farmer hasito deal with. Herbage or
food Of any sort that contacts the slightest
flavor or impurity communicates 1t instantly
20 the milk, as Il 10 secrsted. Inthe summer
and autumn months the pastures should be
as carefully wed Of noxious, bitter, or ill-tast-
cd plants and weeds as in the neatest kept
flower garden.
II is q we'll known fact tarnips of any sort
communicate an unpalatable flavor to milk
and butter; and although many nostrums
have been suggested to rectify or remove
that taint after the milk comes TO the dairy,
perfect success to that end has never been
| dlIdluOus hlluQukul bOlub uckACC AAAAllBubGns
prevention is better than cure" Is an old
adage, and as applicable in this case as in
any other. The faint has been communica-
ted In the first instance, and then we seek for
some nostrum or remedy to neutrallze 1t,
while we forget that the true way would be
not TO permit the communication Of the taint.
AS it is in the winter and spring feeding Of
mich cows with turnips, 80 it 10 in the sum
mer feeding Of dairy stock in the pastures,
a. Ia klaok
though not deleterious, but, on the contrary,
their natural Instincts leads them to browse
upon as conclusive to health, at the same
doing 30 Injuries the favor OF the milk and
butter. Though there are many plants that
the natural instinct Of cows will teach them
to avoid, there are others found more or less
abundantly in pastures That IL loeds them to
cat which, though condusiye to their health,
taints the milk most abominably. Poor, in
nutrive pastures, covered with deleterious
weeds, cannot produce good, sound milk and
butter, so it also in the winter the COWS
should have good, sweet food given them at
regular intervals, so as not to allow them to
get uneasy and fdgetty; the hay should be
made Of grass that has not gone out Of flower
before it is cut.
Dusty, musty, coarse food cooked up 60 as
TO make it palatable shohld be avoided The
yield or quality Of butter cannot be good on
such food, though the dairy itself be conduct,
ed in the very best manner; and, besides all
this, unsound, unwholesome food has dele
terious effect on the healt of the COWS, which
town dairymer feel TO their cost.
Impurity in feeding either In summer or
winter is unquestionably the cause OF the
great complaints we receive from time to
time of the length of time it takes to churn,
and the difficulty experienced in gathering
the butter; in some cases its not coming at
all, and the paleness Of its color. If atten-
tion 10 paid TO their feeding; that they get
nothing but what is sound and good; that
they get pure water; that the dairy is Kept
thoroughly sweet and clean; that the air is
pure, with no foul sewers or dung heaps near
It; and that the strong men are put to churn
instead Of weak women or girls, and that no
stopping Is allowed In the operation even for
minute till the butter comes, there will be
almost certainty that the churning will not
exceed halls an hour, and that Its quality will
\ be everything that is desirable; but II bad
| grass, mixed with deleterious weeds, musty
or half rotten meal or hay be given, mo
| dairymadi, however clever she may be, can
make good butter; but II nice, green, sweet
hay, those kinds Of roots that impart no I'M
pleasant taste, and fresh, lucious meal be
given, il must be dirty, lazy, or foolish wo-
man that can make inferior butter"
Other points to be attended to are, regu-
larity as to the time of milking; If the proper
time be passed, the COW gets uneasy and te-
verish, to the injury Of the quality Of the
milk. Tho same person should milk the same
COW; changing the milker frets the animal,
and she gives her milk reluctantly. II the
pasture Is near the cowhouse, the COWS should
| be quietly and gently driven to it; but no
overdriving, striking. with sticks, or worry
ing with dogs allowed; and II the. house IS
al,o,,11 ha ofllro1 tho
field, and the milk carried home. Irish FARM
eYs' Gazette. ~ Ht t.f'.
MANAGEMENT OF Wool IN AusTRAI1A.--The
Gardeners Chronicle comments on the infe-
riority OF our management OF wool, as COM
pared with the treatment in Australia. 'Why
Is II that we are afraid to try q little warm
water and few chemicals in whitening the
fleece, before we clip it2 Last season no
fewer than two hundred thousand sheep on
one station alone were cleapsed by the pro-
cess Of Mr.. B. Downing, Of Victoria, and the
wool thus treated took the prize at the exhi.
bition held in hVnor Of the Duke Of Edin.
burgh. In an oblong-shaped wooden bath,
OF about 1900 gallons contents, is quantity
OF liquid composed Of strong I've taken
from boiler, and reduced by cold water to 0
2 lbs. of soda and lb. Of soap, to 100 gal.
Ions of water more soap and less soda being
used when there is little yolk In the wool. In
this diluted warm bath half dozen sheer
are made to swim for six minutes; then walk.
ed up an incline, and let stand to drip before
being driven to cold water bath. This is q
similar, but smaller wooden vat, and here
the sheep are placed under a douche Of cold
, water, ponring from spout with a fall oi
seven feet, two men standing in the water
and holding and turning each sheep under
obs oLo11t n
minutes. We are told that, in this way, the
very dirtiest feeces become in few minutes
as clean as they can be made, and that the
vats of the size mentioned, with two spouts
Of water, are sufficient for washing 800 sheer
in q day. Hot water washing and spoutine
the skin are said TO throw out more yolk, to
kill most of the ticks, and to raise the value
Of the wool very materially indeed"
LATE HoE1Nd OF PorAToEs. 1t is the prac
tice of some farmers TO continue the cultiva-
ton Of Irish potatoes, either with the plow OF
hoe, till near the time the tops show signs oi
dying, or, at least, till long after they have
got their growth. Though we believe in thor
ough cultivation, and in keeping the weeds
In perfect sublection, still we question II o
positive injury does not arise from this treat
ment. Fromth time the potato top frs;
breaks through the ground, till 1t appears in
blossom, the soil should be kept well pulver-
lied After the tubers are set, however, we
believe the ground Immediately about them
should not be disturbed, as it will serve to
stimulate the production Of on additional
number OF potatoes, instead Of adding to the
size Of those already formed.
There seems to be certain conditions oi
warmth and moisture necessary to the growth
Of the potato, which are best attained at q
certain definite distance from the surface
1t is here that nearly all the tubers will bs
formed, IL the size Of the hill is not changed
II, however, more earth is drawn around 1t,
as the tubers already formed cannot be push.
ed forward to reach this point, others will
put out and arrange themselves in this most
favored location; thus many potatoes will be
formed Of variety Of sizes. instead Of a
comparatively small number OF uniform big
ness and the same degree Of ripeness.
!, If weeds show themselves between the
rows, let them be cut out by sort Of shov.
ing movement Of the hoe, rather than dis
posed of by the ordinary way Of hoeing,
which, in the corn or potato field, mePns
hilling. M
AS far as our experience has gone, We ie
always found the dryest and most 9alyst
tatoes growing near the surface Of ltC
! pround They are also sounder less liable tc