The New York herald., 1868-10-31

marches to arrive at the besIeced citv in the last
week Of December. would also be raralysed. TO ask
munitions from Rio Janeir0 demanded fifteen days
time at least which would be improved by the Orien-
tai government and would give rise TO numerous and
unknown complications General Mtre. solicited 6y
disposal OF the imperial feet the Argentine ports.
From there. from the port OF Buenos Ayres, which
munitions OF war which overthrew the. city OF Pay
sandu and killed many OF Its defenders.
The buiwark OF Oriental Independence fell at last
after the last cartridge OF the defenders was
exhausted. The Oriental fag. which had noated
gloriously over the garrison, was lowered by the
that ignominy might perform its complete work on
that unfortunate day. the cduduo plant tool OF the
empire shot General Leandro Gomez and the chiefs
The Oriental government gathered in Montevideo
al the elements OF war which were at its disposal TO
the south OF the Rio Negro IL raised strong walls
and ORGANIZING powerful body OF troops sent them
under General Baso Muioz TO make diversion In
the province or Rio Grande.
In the beginning OF February the imperial squadron
commenced the blockade OF Montevideo, and gave
notice TO neutral vessels to leave the port prepara-
vanced by land to commence the siege.
Paraguay gave 10 the Uruguay Minister. DR.. vaz-
quez Lagastumc accredited to that country new as
surances that It would come to the aid of Montevi-
dco urging the government TO sustain itself two
months longer pending the arrival Of two iron clads
which, on account OF Paraguay, had been contracted
for In Europe.
The city contained elements OF resistance. The
garrison were full OF spirit and vigor. They were
reanimated by the happy Initiation OF the Rio Grande
campaign bv General Munoz, and the assurances
transmitted by the President OF Paraguay deter
mined them to make strenuous efforts for their fnde-
pendence.
President Lopez asked permission to pass his army
through the desert Argentine territory OF Misiones,
that he might the better make war against his ad-
versary and favor the Oriental republic.
ceded 70 the Braaan er sovernmens @ the the
navigation Of It's rivers and the use OF IT'S coasts
or supplies and for deposits Of coal denied ,sds the So
gave time for the solution OF matters In Montevideo.
Unfortunately the constitutional period OF Senor
Aguirre, "Presdent OF the Senate In exercise Of the
Executive Power" terminated February Is; and,
IN accordance with the constitution, Thomas VII
laba, man OF recognized bad character and dis
liked by the army, succeeded him Ill ONCE through
the majority given by single vote.
Villalba, whose ultimate relations with the Bra
Zlan Bank or Maua Y Ca. were well known sent to
the enenly's camp DR.. Manuel Herrera Obes, who,
also, on more than one occasion, had had connec-
agreed with the Minister Paranhos to surrender the
city without conditions. This surrender took place
The garrison were not aware OF the treason OF
their chief until late at night. Some OF the
ocers OF the line, gathered on the 2lst to consult
on the situation, learned at the same time the order
To dsarm and that the guards or the naval stations
had occupied the fort 10 comply with the reasonable
orders Of Villalba. The raitorous act was consum-
mated. The guard surrendered their arms, the most
noted among them cxpatrating themselves Among
these were some whose persons had been demanded
by the empire for insulting tho Brazilian standard
captured by General Mufoz In Rio Grande and sent
to Montevideo ten days before the surrender.
government house and seated him In The Presidential
char. From that moment the constitution and laws
were replaced by the caprice or the Dictator, plant
under the fingers or his protectors
Tho Emperor decreed medal of honor to his
army for the campaign OF URUGUAY ana M that there there
by frivolous pretexts there was nothing more said
about the reclamatlons, which were made the osten
Tho government OF Nitro received with Jubilee the
news or the treason of Villaba. Its desires were
fulfilled as In the time OF Artegas when the defenders
n " tut
the country remained In the talons OF the foreigner
But Brazil was not satisfied for, bleeding from Old
wounds and humiatons military glory demanded
that Its army should have entered into Montevideo
to the roll OF the drum amidst ruins and corpses
city. The conduct of the Minister Paranhol In the
treason OF February 20 was disapprovcd-if such
Himself in The sHe legislative ii Chambers Of Brazil and It
here that he revealed the secret of the present OF
pe Mre r @ o % aas og sar
demonstrated that there was no other means except
that OF treason 70 cause tue surrender OF the city OF
Montevtdeo; that TO have awaited reinfOrcements
would have been loss OF time which would have
brought tho Paraguay troops TO the scene OF the
While the Brazilian army was encampcd at Monte
video receiving renforcements for the war against
gress and submitted to It's deliberations the motives
existing for just complaint against the Argentine
government for inferred hostility against Paraguay
against the government OF Nitro on the 25th OF
March. For the Argentine Republic this was sur
the squadron had not lett the Parana nor appeared
to bo in o condition 10 do so. The Argentine army
pez refused any middle course and gave the Hrge1
tine statesmen no opportunity to entertain him
while they prepared for war.
Buenos Ayres, and especially those OF the interior
provinces, saw with disquiet the prepondcrance
which the empire was taking in La Plata valley by
the destruction OF legal order In the Banda Oriental
Able in intrigue and stratagem for the occasion,
he awaited tnc Paraguayan declaration OF war. LEFT
etf " andr n W
and, as IL To tempt his enemy, left exposed In the
port aud subject 70 capture two small war
The l4th April the Paraguay army invaded the
Argentine territory by the Paso de la Patria,
attacked and seized the two Argentine vessels
above mentioned. This was doubtless the de-
sire of Mtre-that the public spirit OF the re-
public, man testify adverse TO Brazil might he turned
In favor OF the war. The news reached Buenos
Ayrcs the Goth instant. The entire press CLASSIFIED
the act as q piracy without example and without q
previous declaration OF war. 10 make IL still more
odious II invoked the clauses OF an old treaty which
stipulated that no war should be declared without
Every measure was taken to excite the people
The friends OF the government walked the streets adj
suit 10 the national dag. President Nitro stirred tho
hearts OF the people with those memorable words
which have covered him with ridicule both In his
own and foreign countres-"Twentyfou hours at
the Quartet; two weeks of campaign; three months
TO Asuncion ~
a long time previous 10 the fall OF Montevideo, "a
Senior Paranhos revealed In the legislative cham
bers OF Brazil and shall see later In the cxam
nation OF dates Ii was kept secret 10 await the IA
vorable moment when It's publication would not
wound the susceptibities OF the people. Thus
when the invasion OF Correntes by Paraguay de-
clared act OF piracy many OF the opposers OF Bra
Eil accepted the alliance 40 necessity that they
might ayenge the insult to the Argentine nag.
But the secret treaty OF alliance made public In
the Parliament of Great Britain, that treaty which,
while speaking OF the territorial integrity OF Para
quay usurps $4,000 square miles upon the
right Dank OF the Paraguay river, 22,500
miles near the rivers Apa and BlaDco, 10, 200
miles In the oriental Misones OF the Parana
that treaty, which decefuy protests respect for the
independence OF that republic while it refuses TO
treat for peace with It's legitimate government but
promises TO establish there satisfactory govern
ment; that treaty which, while 1t demoises fortin
tions OF war and poses contributions, even TO the
payment OF three hundred 10 four hundred millions
OF war expenditures; tnat treaty, we say, revealed
by Its date that the alliance, as was assured by the
Minister Paranhos In the Legislative Assembly,
without denial, was agreed TO before the fall OF
Monteyideo In eject, the invasion OF COrrlentes