Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871, 1868-11-17

lar chunk left by the shovel CUTTER
The cutter used by all the farmers
mentioned is the same exhibited at
our county fair by Thomas Baker,
This machine cuts fine and rapidly, so
all animals can be freely fed without
the least danger of choking. Eviden.
ces of the value of turnips can be had
of every farmer who has fed them
freely to cattle or sheep, but | will
mention only one: A. E. Knights of
Irasburgh once put stable of ten
cows upon diet Of straw and a bush
ell of turnips divided among them each
day. One COW accidentally died and
yielded forty pounds of tallow, and
they all did as we'll as those fed on
good hay. q. E. j.
CARBoLIC ACID.-This recent pro-
duct of coal tar has been frequently
mentioned in connection with the cat
tie plague, but we have seen no Svs-
tematic discussion of its qualities and
effects in the agricultural journals
And as it is most important to the
farmer, as well as the arts and medi-
cine, we Will endeavor TO make the
subject easy of comprehension to the
general reader.
This substance was first distilled
from the light oils of tar, composed OF
carbon and hydrogen, treating them
with concentrated solution of pot
ash, by Laurent; but this method was
too expensive to render it an article
of commerce. About 1850 it was
used to preserve the animal bodies
from putrefaction. In 1859, DR.. +. c..
Calvert of Manchester, England, dis
covered a process of manufacturing it
from impure benzine or naptha with a
weak alkaline solution, a n d thus
greatly cheapened its production, and
from this time it began to be extern
sively used instead of analine in max
ing those beautiful colors.
Up to this time it had not been pro-
duced commercially in pure state,
and had not been used much in med
cine; but in 1863, Calvert produced
in large quantities pure picnic alco-
hol or carbolic acid. Yet it still pos
sesscd a sulphuretted odor, which
rendered it unpopular with the Tedi
: cal profession but it is stated that
he has since produced it freed from
all diSagreeable odor or tarry flavor.
The most important Office of car
bolic acid is as disinfectant and an
tiseptic. A deodorizer removes nOx
ious gases and odors from organic
matter, in a state Of decay or putre
: faction, but it does not arrest the de
composition. A disinfectant arrests
and destroys infection. which exists il
organic matter, but does not prevent
future infection, whilst an antiseptiC
destroys every source of decay and de
compOsitiOn-destroys the germs OF
putrefactiou and fermentation, so tha
putrefaction cannot afterwards take
place.
NJ. Pasteur has discovered an
proved that all fermentation is due tC
/ the presence OF mlcroscopial vegeta
/ bles or animals, which affect the de
o composition Of organic substances
and carbolic acid is supposed to de
stroy these microscopic and primitiv
P sources of life, and thus acts as an AT
d tiseptic and disinfectant. Carboli
, acid is also volatile, and Lemaire say
!. it meets with and destroys the germ
or sporules which float in the atmo'
;. phere and vitiate it.
u Mr.. w. Crookes of London, prove
); by a series of experiments that tn
u gases exhaled from the lungs OF di
20 eased cattle, contained the germs {
= sporuleS of microscopic animals, whic
- have also been discovered in the bloc
III of such cattle. Mr.. Crookes conden
e. ed the germs found in these gast
OF from the lungs of diseased cattle u
Is on cotton wood, and then inoculate
the blood of healthy animals with the
/ and they were at once attacked Wi
Il the disease. He says 81 have n
Ut met with single instance in whiC
ps the cattle plague has spread on
CHI farm where the acid had been free
he used
.ss 1t has also been found equally
-, fective in preventing the spread {
- cholera. Prof. Chameleon of Lies
ey says that out of 1876 nurses who We
OF employed to attend upon the chole
nd patients, only one nurse died, but t
he nurses were washed and their clot
H., ing sprinkled with carbolic acid.
Dwellings used for cholera patien
VI and in which many had died, after
M ing washed and cleansed with carb
to ic acid, were filled again with famil
ay and in no case was any person attat
. ), ed with the disease who went il
- such purified house.
% The antiseptic properties of carb
81" ic acid are found to be so power
- that l 1000 or even 1-5, 900 part W
ole prevent the fermentation, decOml
on Iitinn pa.rofAetioa Cor mnnths,
in urine, blood, solution of glue, flC
49, paste, foeces, &C., and its vapor ale
'0 is sufficient to preserve meat in clc
TO- room for weeks, and also in the OF
air for several days and prevent
lad being fy-blown. DR.. Letheby sa
ind that 10000 part has been fou
ID sufficient to keep the filthy conte
~ of sewers sweet. This quantity v
arm found to deodorize the sewers of l.
IN don during the existence of chol