The New York herald., 1868-06-11

tion, there he no violation Of the &c, in admitting
Alabama.
After some further discussion. Mr.. Trumbull's
motion was rejected by the following vote:-
s.na Hcss "Spas1s aes.
MoIr1 OF w. Patterson OF Tenn, saulsbury, Trumbul,
crasn Drake Ferry Harlan Morrill, or Me- Morton, Pai,sr,
sumner ipsS, Van %Sils %sas' Whey William:
ment as unnecessary, and healed discussion en-
sued between Nessrs. C0nkng, Williams, Morton
and others on the subject OF the OF
tho provision, when the amendment was rejected by
the following yoie:-
xEAs.Msssr,s anthony Buckaew, contng corbeit,
MSrs 81 Ms Howe Mersey Nor
Ross aud yickers H. VIII" - ''' N''' '" % ,'''''
NAys.Messrs Chandler Cole, CONFESS, crssn, Drake,
%Se Waas wey ss snS Wsu Th.ss .ss pos Van
Mr.. WILLIAMS moved to add at the end OF his
amendment IN regard 10 the inauguration Oi officers
me worns unless relieved from disability by said
amendment" Agreed 20.
Mr.. SUMNER observed that he and Mr.. Yates and
several other Senators had desired TO speak on the
suDlect ana moved 10 adjourn. NeQatved-I9 20 81
The question was on the passage OF the bill.
MT. YATES, trepl Of H., declined TO speak to-
hight ia tle race or desire for an immediate vote
An ehueaSor was made 10 come 10 an agreement
To take u vote Tomorrow, but the majority refused
Mr.. SUMNER took the floor shortly before nine
O'Clock, reading from manuscript, very few OF the
Senators, in the meantime Remaining in their seats
Mr.. sumner sad:-What have to say will be
nnea 10 single topics shall speak OF the validity
ana necessary OF fundamental conditions on the
admission OF States into the body OF the
nation, passing in review objections founded
a also founded op equality Of -, states sS ana
determine the qualifications of electors and that
oaner power % 70 make regulations for the election OF
certain omcers Here shall encounter the familiar
pretensions OF another time no longer put forth by
denant slave masters, but retafed by conscientious
senator's, VINO tnink they are supporting the con-
n
slavery. Fundamental conditions on the admission
OF states are Older than our constitution for they
appear III e ordinance for the vast territory OF the
Northwest adopted anterior to the constitution It.
SELL In that ordinance there various conditions
OF perpetual obligations as articles OF compact.
Among shese is the famous prohibition OF
slavery. In the early days OF our nation no
body thought OF questioning the validity of these
conditions. Scattered efforts were made to carry
slavery into some portions or this region and uii-
4hesionaDly, there were spasmOdic cases, as in
MASSACHUSETTS ITSELF but the ordinance stood firm
WIN be FOUND in the historic fact that in 1920 on the
admission of Missouri AZ q State Of the Union,
tne united states north OF thrlty-sx degrees and
thrty minutes north latitude slavery and involuntary
servitude, otherwise than in the punishment Of
crimes, wherewith parties shall have been duly
convicted, shall be, and hereby is forever pro-
hibited. This was the famous Missouri com
promise promise Missouri was admitted as State
Wtnout any restriction Of slavery, and all the
outlying territory, east and north was subjected to
thls condi0n iorcver. II will be observed that the
W,
was forever, thus ouasting any territorial govern
ment and constituting fundamental law rrepeal-
able through all time. Surely this condition. per-
petual in form, would not have been introduced had
1t been supposed to be inOperatlvehad 1t been re-
garded as sham and not a reality This statute,
therefore, testifes to the judgment Of Congress at
tnat Time. IL was only at q later day and at
the demand Of slavery that the validity OF
the great ordinance OF freedom was called in ques-
tlOn. Mr. Sumner then quoted from speech OF Mr..
Webster delived during the memorable debate be-
tween Webster and Hayne in 1880 In support OF his
argument. Mr.. sumner continued:--Mr Chase, In
his admirable argument before the Supreme Court
OF the United States In the Van Zandt is hardly
behind Mr.. Webster in homage to this ordinance,
or In sense OF Its binding character. In his opinion
IL is compact of perpetual Obligation:--
know not that history records smbliner act United
State: having jus. brought their Pe srugg.
to declare the terms and conditions which their
any kind, but he perpetual a
Ss assred se genuine & Sa
ana tha. these principles might be invioi.bly
S o the
tory and responsible for lis future destiny and the people
sroy By very act Of ssmsn party
the Is: $ sSand y @ entitled
po.tsrt No srbssauen. act Of the orgnna States could
ns % ss nc .: 5 IF the
Affect It without the consent of the original statcs
According TO these words, which am would
not be ds0wned by the present Chief Justice OF the
United States the ordinance is sublime act, having
for its object nothing less than the perpetual main
In form II is compact unalterable, except by the
consent OF the parties and therefore forever. II any
thing In our history was settled by original authori-
~ supported BY tradition and time II was the bind
ing character OF the ordinance for the government
OF the Northwest territory. Nobody presumed to call
IL N question 81 until IT. last slavery gGg down its
The great ordlnsnce with ITS prohibition of slavery,
was not left unassaied. All this makes strange
passage OF history The enlightened civilization OF
the age was beginning 10 be felt against slavery,
when its representatives turned madly round to
front the angel Of light. The madness showed itself
by degrees, point by point; IL made itself manifest
in Congress- The slave masters forgot morals his
tory and the constitution. Their manifold pre-
tensions resolved themselves into three, in
slavery instead OF evil to be removed was bless
ing to be preserved; secondly that the right of pet
that In all that concerns slavery, State rights were
everything, while national rights were nothing
so many devils and possessed 1t. The first broke
forth In euOgies OF slavery and even In blandish-
ments for the slave trade; the second broke forth In
the "Atherton gag" under which the honest,
earnest petitions from the national heart against
slavery even in the District Of Columbia tabled
without reference and the great right OF petition
promised by the constitution became dead letter.
The third, beginning with the denial Of the power OF
the nation to af1lx upon new States the perpetual
condition OF human rights broke forth IN the denial
OF the power OF the nation over slavery IN the Terri
tories anywhere else, the national jurisdic
tion: These three pretensions all had common
origin, and one was as offensive and unreason-
able az the other. The praise OF slavery and
the reputation OF the right Of petition by the
enraged slave sellers was not worse than the pre-
tenee Of State rights against the power Of the nation
to prohibit slavery In the national jurisdiction or
affix righteous conditions upon new States. The
first two pretensons have disappeared. These two
devils have been cast out. Nobody dares to praise
slavery; nobody dares to deny the right OF petition.
The third pretensi0n has disappeared only so far
It denied the power OF the nation slavery in the
Territories. And we are still doomed TO
hear in the name Of State rights the
old cry against conditions upon new States.
This devil IL not yet entirely cast out.
the Missouri act takes up the rule asserted IN the
ordinance and declares that In certain Territories
slavery shall be prohibited forever A territorial
existence terminating in q State government is q
short lived government. Only by recognizing the
power OF the nation the states formed out Of
the Territory can this government have a meaning
above the prattle Of childhood the vaunt OF Bonn
bastes. The whole prctenson against the proposed
condition Ia in the OF State rights hut II
not bs doubted that IL may be traced directly to
slavery. Shall the pretensi0n be allowed TO prevail
now that slavery has disappeared9 The principal
has fallen; why preserve the incident9 The wrong
guarded by this pretens0n has yielded; why should
not the pretensions yield alsof Asserting as now
io the validity and necessity OF the proposed cond
ton would not seem Indifferent to the rights OF the
states in those proper spheres appointed for them.