Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1868-06-20

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o-curr~d IN the i-lasd ef JsEnzsca IN
1872 The land on which stood the
city of Pors Roval, extending over
1000 acres. or more, susislenly ssnk
out of sight, the sea rbliing IN cov-
cred the whole area. aud ships from
the harbor were driven over the
very place which few minutes be-
fore was teaming with busy life.
One Of the most noted and destruc-
tive earthquakes ever known oc-
Cured in Spain IN 1855. A rumb.
ling noise was heard, which was im-
mediately followed by shock that
threw down most of the buildings in
the city, overwhelming 10000 per-
sons in the ruins. A great number
sought safety by rushing out up
on an extensive marble wharf
recently built, where there were
no buildings. 1t suddenly sank
with them, drawing many vessels
and boats down the immense
whirlpool which was formed, and
they were seen no more: not body,
or u fragment of the wrecks, returned
to the surface, and after the convul-
sions were ended the water was found
to be 600 feet deep over the place.
This shock was felt throughout
Europe and extended across the
ocean to America. The tide rose
suddenly to the height of 20 feet
along the shores ofthe West Indies !;
the coast of Massachusetts felt the
shock, and the waters of Lake Onta-
rio were greatly agitatcd. As late
as 1857 severe earthquake was ex-
perienccd in Italy in the vicinity Of
Mount Vesuvius, by which more
than 10000 persons lost their lives.
The city of Quito, in Ecuador, was
nearly destroyed by similar vista.
tions in 1859, and macy thousands
perishcd.
These great convulsions usually
occur in the neighborhood of volca-
noes, although their effects are not
confined to those regions, as we
have seen in some of tue iustanc ces
here noted. Frequently. fnot usually.
the earthquake moves forward like
succession of waves, as though the
surface of the earth roso and fell up.
on some heaving fluid beneath. III
deed, facts seem to show that this
may be the case. 1t is generally
believed that the interior Of the
earth is a mass of melted matter;
that volcanoes are openings in the
crust, through which the ficrcely
raging fires find vent as through
chimncys. Various causes might
produce violent commotion in the
vast fiery caldron. A portion ofthe
crust beneath the ocean giving way
ard letting it's water pour in upon
the frey tide would produce tremend.
Gus results. Various gases explod-
ing beneath the surface would be
followed by great commissions. We
can easily believe that if the mighty
elements upon aud within the earth
were permitted to exert all their pow
er, the globe itself might be rent in
Ia fragments. Ii seems prolnble,
however, from the tacts brusSht to
light by geoaagv, thst tbese csnrul-
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