The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-08-11

eTnueut VI nlohteNiueO OF whose DOnoS ne Is very
large holder, to pay him OF by throwing his bank
into liquidation. Whatever be the result Of the
financial troubles In Montevdeo 1t will be very in.
furious to Its trade and development, and at the
present time 1t operates injurousy on Brazil by
stopping the purchases Of the bills drawn there
against the treasury OF Rio thereby necess,tating
the immediate remittance OF large amounts in gold.
The reports obtained from the Brazilian coffee pro-
vinces are generally OF large crops, although good
deal OF the early gatherings were damaged on the
trees or on the terraces by the frequent falls OF heavy
rains which the winter season has presented so far
In the middle provinces. In Bahia, as mentioned,
sugar cane IL suffering greatly from disease In Rio
Grande do Nore there has been such a failure OF the
food crops nom the droughts that the provincial
government has had to make purchases in o(her
provinces to keep of q famine from the poor.
AT Para the twelve screw launches intended for
the police of the Amazon arrived in an English vessel
they are nifty feet long draw three feet and mount
thirty pound swivel forward. fine steamer
called the Arary had also come from England for the
Amazonas Navigation Company. which steamer Ia
22l feet long 20 BEAM 10 hold and OF 739 tons bur-
eccentric featlerng paddles and giving a speed OF
twelve miles an hour.
Another bank is organizing in the city of Maran-
ham 10 supply the place OF the branch OF the Bank
OF Brazil now winding up. II is called the Banco
Industrial, and its promoter Is Dr. Miguel Vieira
Ferreira.
The Provincial Assembly is going to vote 800, 900
to encourage immigration into the province. Mig
gers are fast getting scarce there and it seems the
notaDeS OF the province have arrived at the idea
that II they do nothing but talk fine patitudes about
the advantages Of Immigration emlgrants will not
care to look IN on them. American immigration Is
beginning TO show some eoect and the following ship
mentS rom sac Pauio arrived this week, namely
From M. j. Daniel Co., twenty bales ofcotton; X. f.
CaHpbell j. Beatty, twentyon bales OfcottOn; A.
Cole d Jane N Anderson, twenty-five bales OF cot
ton. Shipments OF tobacco and other matters are
also expected shortly. In Santa Catharina the re-
suits OF American immigration are not quite Salts
factory to brazilian feelings for the government in
The Prince Peter Colony Of Which chi DR. BENJAMIN Cose
Is director, skedaddled in double quick leaving his
plumber behind and arriving at Deserro in his stand
ing suit In consequence OF polite invitation from
the doctor to game ofbal from the pistols mouth
an invitation which the Inspector did not appreciate.
The port of Santos which is the only port of for
egn trade allowed to the province Of sac Paulo has
risen this year 10 the fourth rank regards eXpor
tailon, being exceeded only by RIO Janero Bahia
and Pernambuco. Ia imports 1t would have the
same rank, Instead OF the SEVENTH II 1t were not
that six-seven,hs OF its imports Of foreign goods
the bonded system not having been adopted in Bra
I'll as yet. In the financial years OF 1867 the
merce OF the port was IA fOows-
Exports of produce So 057,0 900
Exports OF produce coastwse ........... 1900 600
Exports OF foreign goods coastwise. 30,0S5
Imports from abroad, direct. 773,3SO
Imports from abroad, c0astwlse ....... 4,477 $50
Imports OF produce coastwise. ........... $4,000
the duties on which exports and imports amount
ed to $3.50 900.
The growth OF the commerce OF Sac Paulo during
the last three years has been great and in the matter
Of shipping the number OF foreign vessels has more
than doubled since 1855, and the increase cOastng
vessels has been upwards Of nifty per cent For this
rapid increase the cotton crop has been the chief
agent, IL having risen from nothing in 1853 to forty
million pounds last year. This development Is of
course due TO the stimulus OF the high prices OF the
cotton famine PERIOD but, contrary TO the fears felt
that low prices would destroy II, the amount OF
ground tins season III cotton is even larger than be-
lore and this without apparently affecting the atten
ton given to cOnee nasmucb as the coffee crop
tnueS to have steady increase. This persistence
in the culture OF cotton In sac Paul0 IL undoubted
sign that the planters can supply Ii, even ut the
lowest price 10 which IL fell at Santos-namely, thir
teen cents per pound-and large Planter Of the pro-
vince states that at ten cents it would pay him
better than coffee; but he uses pl0ups, &c while
almost the totally OF the planters stick to hoe cult
walton alone. That IL should pay the latter Is
undoubtedly due to the fact that upland cotton i'm
proves In Sac Pau!o when grown from American
seed, and that the yield becomes larger owing to
the long dry season, coincdng more less with the
boiling season. and that no early frost to cut
it short. The introduction Of good ginners has
moved the greatest difficulty OF Brazilian planters.
The Kind found preferable is Of the class OF Mccarthy
machines, the ordinary saw gins used in the
States for the short staple cotton working badly
with the longer staple which green seed produces
here IL Is only however, TO the south OF the empire
that the production ol cotton has shown sound and
persistent development, for the northern provinces
which had always exported the article since cotton
manufactures grew up, nave In general returned to
their normal state before 1863 aud I'm some cases aye
even decreased In their exports OF the long staple
mostly grown IN them. The short staple district now
includes, by actual experiment, the province OF Mnas
Gcraes and the greater part Of san Pauo Parana
and probably will he found to spread over all the
OF Brazil. sign OF the times is that breaches are
being made In that contributing system which gave
only fifteen or sixteen ports to foreign trade along
seac0ast OF five thousand miles, the principle being
that each province on the seaboard should nave only
one port open 10 foreign trade, system which has
had most injurious effect upon production while il
is doubtful whether smuggling aud the cost of col
lecting the revenue have been decreased About ten
more ports VIII DC afforded tins year BY the two
ones given To santa Catharlna and by those which
should get To work this year upon the Amazon. This
mania for centralHng everything is excessively an
moving there Is such roundabout procedure TO be
done before you can get az what yon want. Thus II
you want 10 examine the specifications OF patent
you must make written application TO the Emperor,
who will refer YOU TO the Ministry OF Agriculture
where you win get another reference, &c. Hyou
want to ascertain IL property l. clear OF mortgage
you must make written application To Judge.
who win give on order 70 the keeper Of
the books. perhaps twenty miles of In another
direction from the place Of deposit. IL deed
Il to be made out you must make q written
application 20 an Official 10 appoint the notary who
may draw IT up, then before 1t can be executed you
must pay tue tax OF six per cent upon the considera
ton at the tax station Of the district, when, II the
Official think II an insufficient amount, a the trouble
and expense OF an 0incal valuation has to be en-
dured meantime. Besides. all these applications
have 10 be stamped and written in prescribed form
and style. and To be accompanied by your stamped
power OF attorney constituting your lawyer or pro-
curator your lawful attorney for tho purpose Ifyou
propose 10 buy vacant tract OF government land
you make your usual written application, stating
price &c. TO the president OF the province he refers
IL 10 the official In charge OF land VINO refers IL 70
the engineer for report; III satisfactory the applica
lion goes 20 the treasury for the accepting ~ the
price and after two three reports more the ap-
pican il fortunate in obtaining quick proceedings,
NAV hear something In six months may pay In lis
money then and may get his patent--whenp Ave,
there's the rub for there colonists the pro-
vince Of no Grande do SUI who, paying thirty years
ago have not yet got theirs. IL Is f0r, however TO
say that better things are promised In the sale OF
colony ots and the director OF colony u authorized
TO some extent TO give certificate OF entry" ut
sxed pYice: but for those parties who do not want TO
settle on a colony lot and ne directed" the Bra
lillian land system IL virtually prohbory-at least
az 10 persons wanting location for Immediate SET
Element a. IL the case with immigrants; and there
fore these buy always from private and leave
the government lands to those who know now 10
work the strings.
slavery promises 70 disappear rapidly nom the
basin of the Amazon In consequence OF the opera.
lion OF two cause.-the high prices paid for slaves In
the middle provinces and the facilities existing TO
encourage evasion OF the bondsman, the operation
of the latter cause largely influencing the exodus Of
the blacks TO other provinces. The consequence u
that the AmazODian has for many years been losing
ground as agricultural region, as the back, the