The workingman's advocate. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1864-1877, 1868-02-22

70 snArS those lovely soenss Through which
the views Of Scotland rsuifY, forever, from
the sordid touch OF commerce and az com.
pensation inspired her sons with the spirit
|ofmigrAtions widening thier Geld Of usefulness
and practice Of integrity, IN o. her and larger
communists. which makes his country while
beloved At home, revere lab roed.s Havine
glanced at the topography snd s0m6 Of the
products Of the country, we now essay to
speak Of the people.
The population Of Scotland 10 divided into
two great sections. The Lcwlanders, who
are Of the Teutonic race, with an admixture
Of Picts, Saxons, DAnss ana Scandinavians,
and the Highlanders or Oeks And here ii
may be remarked, that while the two races,
the world over, and especially in . neighbor-
ing island, are even to-day IN deadly enmity,
stand here 10 Scotland, not only recenciIed,
but in brotherly affection for one another.
But previous TO taking . comprehensive view
Of her present happy condition, We are Curl
Gus to ascertain what progress she had made
ia civilization anterior to her political con-
neetion with the southern section Of the is.
land, of which II forms part, and what Of
feet that connection had upon Its destinies
during the interim between the period Of
James accession to the English throne and
the revolution Of 1888, and up 70 the legisla-
torial unicn Of the two countries OF 1707, in
the reign Of Anne. Also. 10 what Ia attri-
butable the marvellous rapidity Of its course
in the attainment Of its present proud posi-
ton in all that pertains to the arts, sciences
literature and mechanics; and how people
of such an Insignificant numerical free had,
been sustained, unaided DY any human
means, against the machinations OF such
powerful enemies bent upon her total ex-
tinction as q nation. We know of nothing
more sublime in the history OF nations, and
certainly nothing more consoling to the mind
Of true Scotchman than the contemplation
Of his country's succe ssful resistance to the
forced imposition Of the polemicr sad surls-
prudence a. ner enemies On that success
ful resistance is based true frieDshlp be-
tween the two nations which prousaees to be
lasting as the language thes8speak,
Thank God Scotland to-day enjoys BY hts
aid her ain kirk, her ain schule aud her ain
courts Of law, both civil and criminal, whics
are acknowledged by some Of the best Eng
lish lawyers to be more simple and efhcieni
than their own. Aud VIII ensoever these in
stitutions require mending, may hap 70 suIi
tne progressive spirit of the age, there doubt
less will be found within the compass of her
ten hundred and twenty-three parishes wis.
dom enough to attsnd to the work without
the interference Of outsiders.
'Fs tender ground for such 70 thread,
far dearer than daily bread
Are seotlAnd's Schulz and Kirk
Prom scotlani's sol arose q man
Who single handed, gave plan,
Beneath hAirhnng dirk
b. turning ashes 70 frugal ssiads,
Marrying nests and other means,
Made seotland's moral law.
Law O. which we're aas proud,
Mia eirnnlmtaa the scosslsh bluld.
At home OF far ava. h
The turbulant times of the unfortunate
Mary would fail to afford dispassionste dats
whereby 70 estimate the national progress.
We, therefore, Tor our purpose take the reign
Of her father, James ", who, judging from
the number Of his palaces, viz Holyrood,
Linlithgow, Falkland aud Stirlitg, the nam
Der and dignity Of his domestic officers and
the sumptuouS entertainments given to the
distinguished persons Of other nations OF
Europe, Of which we have abundant testimO-
ny, we come to the conclusion that James
must have been one Of the best housed and
best conditioned nonarchs Of the age in
which he lived.
TIE history Of Scotland, up to this period,
describes its people to have beer brave, gen.
erous, hardy and polite. The respectful es-
neighboring nations, is manifested by the
frequent intermarriage between members oil
her royal family an those OF che most pow
eIful potentates Of Lurope. Henry III, Of
England, had preferred the Scottish to the
French sutton for the hand of his lovely
daughter. James himself had united in mar
riage with the powerful house Of Guiss, and
subsequently the 9th Harry of England r.;
fused to take no for an answer, and caused
bis ships to cruise for the purpose OF inter-
cepting the beautiful Mary on her passage 10
France, with the view Of forcing her into
the arms Of his son Edward, The happy
cUustIcoss5Es s1 government, ne Tsifdssested
laws, and the regular courts and forms OF
justice established in Scotland, are proof
plain enough that the inhabitants were
wise and learned people. The churches and
colleges were not only adorned with fne cd
iices but richly endowed
General taxation in those days was I'M
known. The king supported by revenue
consisting Of duties Of trade, q yearly rent
or fine rom the owners of estates and the
lands u longing 30 the crown.
y Against the comfR5a enemy, in those Z q
the king FOUGHT for the people, and they for
the king, their interests and prosperity
being rec 2rocal. When the safety OF the
... tliafe, then It was the barons We'd witt
each other IN their promptitude in answering
the call, and the number and efficiency Of
their retainers mustered 10 the common de
fence. From such occasions We derive the
accounts Of those instances of self acrifice
noble daring and heroic suffering, which SC
richly adorn the historic page OF Scotland
and which throws around the history o.
many Of its families such romantic charm
The loyalty of the Scotch people is not the
least remaI kable feature of their character.
They boast OF the longest line Of kings O.
the same fine and descent Of any nation il
the world but this loyalty seems not tC
partake Of that slavIsh obedience to the king
iy power which so frequently deteriorates
that quality in neighboring nations. How
ever Ill defined the constitutional limits
might have been, the king was frequently re
minded of bis responsibilities to his subjects
sometimes by means not remarkable for gen.
tie courtesy.
Even the pope had often to complain oi
the difficulty Of keeping that handful Of peo-
pie in wholesome subsection. The respect to
bis nuncio was ever in accordance with the
tenor Of the mission Of which be was the
bearer, and OF more than one occasion bis
Bull, proving q dead letter, caused his holi-
ness to indulge in unheeded anathema. Up
to this time the Scotch had manifested but
little Of that Commercials rprise for whch
they have subsequently pc nOted.ex-
isting relations show an Mtercourse with
France, Holland Danzick, &c
The power Of Scotland at this period may
be coniecturea by existing Evidences of the
high est nation ID which she )Ess held BY all
the nations 81 Earops, NOT excePtlns Eng
land. her most uersistsnt . 'sny, whose rap