New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1868-07-16
ENCOURAGEMENT or EMIGRATION


The following is the report on the encour-
agement of emigration presented in the House Repre-
sontaYes by Mr. Cullom from the Committee Foreign
Affairs, TO whom referred the House bills Nos l3s
and LAS: .. .. .....
The bills referred TO propose to establish agencies in
from such states to the United States the duties devOv
ing upon the persons be appointed to I'LL such positions
among the people Of the where such agen
cies might be established relative to the adyan-
tages this country would induce persons Of capital
skill or Industry especially to the United States
The Committee find no authority either IN inc public law
or in the treaty between the United States and any OF the
foreign powers for the establishment OF sueh agencies
abroad and the right Of Official residence OF such persons
az might be appointed to such agencies could not be
claimed by our Government The Committee Therefore,
Of the opinion that the OF snSa
with foreign Governments. and result IN failure 10 nc
SompSh the object sCus foreign gS ~ to
this country, especially those or Skin, capital or IN
dustry cannot wen De d Wa ,b
nations OF the earth TO the people OF foreign birth VINO
erment Since 1890 and up the 1st OF January last
the emigration to this country has amounted 70 67OSl
persons The number Of emgants arriving in this coun-
Ty during the wear 1887 was about OO OF whom 25l
1853 arrived at NewYOrk 1O2W at Boston 1881 AT Bait
more OOI AT san Francisco 3764 at Portland and the
remainder at other ports. During the last six months
prior 20 ls January 1863 1877 600 arrived In TINS country
The principal ports from which these emf
grants departed were Lverool. Bremen, Hamburg Gas
cow London. and Hayre. The nationalltles OF THESE
neope who came to this country during the last year
were as follows: about f25OOO were from Great Britain
and Ireland principally from Ireland 124sO6 were from
germany 236 from France 1898 from China and Japan
and the remainder from other portions Of the world OF
the total emigration to the United states during the last
year nearly nneenhs were under 40 years OF age their
ayowed ayocatons were as follows 30t20 farmers,
6O49O were laborers, 24,6I2 were meehanles, 1874
were merchants. s,45S were miners, and the oc-
equations Of the remainder were not given These
facts, which furnished by the Bureau on status
ties and are regarded reliable show that the United
States without any special effort on its part to induce
people to come TO shores, is annually receiving us
hundreds OF thousands OF farmers, mechanics merchants
miners and labOrers who settle among us, anu take upon
themselves their share of the burdens OF the country
and share alike the blessings OF iree government Inc
rapid growth aud prosperity OF the country greay ue
pend upon foreign egrhCn AS tn Sd ldnt Sa1ds
land at our shores every year. and 80 among our people
inspired as they with ambition TO acquire new
homes IN free America, they mpart new NE ana energy
aud ygor in all the business pursuits OF the cOun-
try and wealth and prosperity are the result
'The people of this country burdened with
heavy debt the result of the great war through which
we would it not the part of discretion to undertake to
do so; time required the people want time They are
gle in which they have been engaged. They III pre-
pared 10 bear heavy burdens which rest upon Them
what needed is TO bolster up TO encourage indus
try to promote all the means OF accommodating prop
erty, consistent with fairness and integrity Work,
the nation out OF its present embarrassing condition
The nation wants people; working, enerprisng people
ness people who will 20 INTO the vast regions OF unoccu
pied country aud till the SOIL people VINO VIII develop
our rich and neXhaustble The total quantity OF
land in the States and Territories OF the United States
including the territory OF AIaska as lurhished Nv Tue
Commissioner of Public Lands amounts to 1884 $685. 400
acres OF watch there were sold since the beginning OF
operations up TO the 3oth OF June 1861 the close OF ne
by grants aud otherwise, but not Sold 265 SS696 81 100
acres making the aggregate disposed OF by the Gov
ernment t2o25os25 400 ana leaving balance nn.
disposed Of Of 56574 96loo acres According 20 the
calculations OF the Commlssloner OUT OF the i94o1z2o
46lOO acres sold up 10 the S0th OF June, 1861 about
2iOOOo0 acres or fourits mas Deeh Tedcea 10 ocg
pancy farms leaving the onefonrth OF the and SOD
! together with the vast and almost boundless
regions OF rich and valuable lands not sod yIng IN
ton OF the wealth and happiness OF the people: .
ave say our unsOd domain is almost boundless so II
a. Its acres can scarcely be numbered. And while such
il the fact relation 10 the lands still owned by the Gov
eminent the capacity OF me sou OF great portion OF the
lands nominay under cultivation scarcely begun 10 pe
tested and will not be until this country numbers It's mi
our bread and meat today as also other articles OF iood
for man and beast, In our own large cities, command
pool and NewI0rk papers, as 10 t1e sa'e ARTICLES
| In Great Britain and France WINE there are
people IA eheaply as it is done in Eu-
fop yet there should not be any good reason why our
people cannot be fed much cheaper. We have the land
stretching from TO sea- we have the lakes rivers and
railroads WITH s9 snf hn M % hot se
The State OF California with an area about as large as
aton OF 100000 yet the state OF California ia probably
as productive and capable OF sustaining many people
as spain The state Of Illinois, with population Of
6 900 can easily support within its borders OF
people. And what is said OF the capacity OF California
and Illinois may truthfny be SAID OF many OF the other
we want people to MI up these states and Ter.
rtores; want the land cultivated, that plenty and
wealth may abOund we want the resources or these ar
cultural states developed We desire by the legislation
which We propose in relation 10 emigration, 10 let the
toilng and almost starving millions OF foreign lands
know that in America there are free homes where every
citizen he he native naturazed. Is guaranteed pro-
lection his rights to life liberty and property accord
ing the great principles OF the Declaration OF indie,
pendence And while is specially necessary In view Of
the public burdens now resting upon the people that as
a nation we should encourage every honorable means
which may give relief 10 is also apt and desira
BILE momentto adopt national encourage
ent o grafton in view OF the revolution In the sent
ments Of the people of all the nations all the great
questions Of human rights - -. $500. - -,
Ike shadow OF night before the rising SUM- the people
of other nations alive 10 the principles OF reform ana
PROCESS As the United States by legislative act declares
the great doctrine or the rght OF as an III
herent right belonging 10 the people ana procams that
naurallzed citizens while in foreign states as well as
here shall be entitled TO and receive from TINS Govern
ment protection I'm person and property that
accorded nativebOTn citizens OF the Unted Saes the
North German Confederation recognizes tne uoctne
correct and irresistible and by treaty with the Unted
states plants herself upon the same great principle;
Other nations will follow and the time is near at hand
when the eudal doctrine so long insisted upon py oter
w1i he counted among the dead things OF the past,
which fell before the onward march OF liberty ana Jsce
The mineral OF this country are neXhaust
be and should be known 10 the people OF other portions
OF 6e world The extent and variety OF the minerals OF
ms Se fonhd such quantities OF iron and coal as
here Mountains OF iron may De seen beside me rivers
norons of The Republic and the vast and stretching
plains the valley between the ia tne e'
raitng 10 be used by the industry and skill OF man In
California, Nevada, Montana, Colorado ana Wy o,si
old and silver and other precious metals aDouhu ana
need only o be developed and brought into use To ada
vast riches 10 the wealth OF the country 49,, ,, ~
The cry OF the East that we cannon Dullu SLIPS ue
cause IRON and otner materials which are required IN
their construction costly In TINS country ana 10
dv the vessels which pillow the seas, Heigned Win tue
nTSducops OF this and other lands are chiefly 1n IN
@ nations and sail under foreign Tags. We are
richer i'm raw material than any 0ther nation Ill he
world we want people TO develop and work up the mate
rial New. York the great metropolis OF the western
hemlsphere is but days sail from Liverpool MOO
ern science as applied TO the management Oh steam Nt
seis railroads and the construction OF telegraph
cables. has brought all the nations, as Il were INTO
one great society of people. Inc e hs OF
is annihilated and BY the use OF the t ,,;3,