The Conservative. (M'connelsville, Ohio) 1866-1871, 1868-08-20
Agricultural.
FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.

NIVM " II ORlA Ng0b ~ nm -
%scrupuloua cleanliness Is absolutely essential
In everything that pertains to the dairy, az
well as q perfectly pure atmosphere IN and
around its precincts, for the production OF
good butter, there are other matters connect
ed with successful dairy farming that are
equally essential, and where not attended to,
serve to cast blame on those in actual contact
with the dairy, while the real culprit is never
thought of.
Let matters in and about the dairy be ever
30 well ordered and conducted, If the cows
have not good, sound, sweet feelings It is
perfectly impossible TO produce good butter.
Milk is one OF the most delicate productions
the farmer has TO deal with. Herbago or
food of any sort that contracts the slightest
flavor or impurity communicates II instantly
to the milk, as it is secreted. In the summer
and autumn months the pastures should be
as carefully we'd OF %noxious, bitter, or ill-tast-
ed plants and weeds as in the neatest kept
flower garden.
1t is a well known fact tlrnips of any sort
communicate an unpalatable flavor to milk
aud butter; and although many nostrums
have been suggested TO rectify or romove
that faint after the milk comes TO the dairy,
perfect success to that end has never been
attained. although I'm some degree mitigated.
Prevention is better than cure, - Is an old
adage, and as applicable in this case as ia
any other. The faint has boon oommunica-
ted in the first instance, and then we seek for
somo nostrum or remedy 20 noutraize II,
WNllt W. AOAkNN llAl NuH true way NOuAu Ut
not 20 permit the communication Of the faint.
As It is in the winter aud spring feeding Of
mich cows with turnips, 80 IL d. in the SUM
mel feeding OF dairy stock IN the pastures,
whore are many herbs TO be found that
though not dcleterioue. but, on the contrary,
their natural instincts leads them TO browse
upon as conclusive TO health, at the same
doing 80 injuries the flavor Of the milk and
butter. Though there are many plante that
the natural instinct Of cows will teach them
to avoid, there are others found more or less
abuudsntlv in pastures that It leads them to
cat, which, though conclusive 20 their health,
taints the milk most abominably Poor, in
uutrive pastures, covered with dcletcrious
weeds, cannot produce good, sound milk and
butter, 90 10 also in the winter the COWS
should have good, sweet food given them at
regular intervals, so as not to allow them to
get uneasy aud 6dgctty; the hay should be
made Of grass that has not gone out Of flower
before it Is cut.
Dusty, musty, coarse food cooked UP 90 40
to make IL paloUablo should be avoided. The
yield or quality Of butter cannot DO good on
such food, though the dairy itself be conduct
ed in the very best manner: and, besides all
this, unsound, unwholesome food has a dole
terious effect on the healt Of the cows, which
town dairymcn feel to their cost.
Impurity In feeding either in summer or
winter is unquestionably the cause OF the
great complaints we receive feom time to
time Of the length Of time Il takes to churn,
and the difficulty experienced in gathering
the butter; in some cases its not coming at
sl, and the paleness Of its color. If atten-
ton lie paid TO their feeding; that they get
nothing but what Is sound and good; that
they get pure water; that the dairy IL kept
thoroughly sweet and clean; that the air Is
pure, with no foul sewers or dung heaps near
Il: and that the strong men are put TO churn
instead Of weak women or girls, and that no
stopping IL allowed in tho operation even for
a minut till the butter comes, there will be
almost a certainty that the churniug will not
exceed half au hour, and that its quality will
be everything that Is desirable; but IL bad
grass, mixed with deleteIious weeds, musty
or half rotten meal or hay be given, mo
dairymadi. however clever she may be, can
make good butter; but If nice, green. sweet
hay, those kinds Of roots that impart nc un-
pleasant taste, and fresh, luciou meal DO
given, it must be n dirty, lazy, or foolish wo-
man that can mako inferior butter"
Other points to be attended 70 are, rogu-
larity as 30 the time Of milking; IL proper
time be passed, the COW gets uneasy and fc-
verish, to the injury Of tho quality Of tho
milk. Tho same person should milk the SAM
COW; changing the mixer frtts the animal,
and she gires her milk reluctantly. II the
pasture Is near the cowhouse, the cows should
be quietly and gently driven TO II; but no
ovcrdriving. striking with sticks. or worry
ing with dogs allowed; and II the house 10
too far away the cows should be MIXED in the
Aeld,a the milk carried homc.-hjsh Farm
ers' Gazette.
MANAGEMENT OF Wool Is AusrRALIA.-The
Gardeners Chronicle comments on the info
riOrity Of our management Of wool, as COM
pared with tho treatment in Australia. why
ig Il that we nro afraid TO try O little warm
water and a few chemicals in whitening the
fleece, before we clip itI Last season no
fewer than two hundred thousand sheep on
one station alone werc cleansed by the pro-
cess Of Mr.. B.. Downing, of Victoria, and the
wool thu treated took the prize ut tho eXhi-
bition held In honor of the Duke Of Edin-
burgh. In an oblong-shaped wooden bath,
Of about 1900 gallons contents, is a quantity
OF liquid composed Of q strong I've taken
from n boiler, and reduced by cold water 10 a
temperature %. 10. The lye Is composed Of
2 lbs. Of soda and / ID. Of soap, to 100 gal
Ions OF water, more soap and less soda being
used when there is little yOlk in the wool. In
this diluted warm bath half a dozen sheep
are made 10 swim for six minutes; then walk
ed up an incline, and let stand 10 drip before
being driven to a cold water bath. This is q
similar, but smaller wooden vat, and here
the sheep are placed Under a douchc Of cold
water, pouring from a spout with a fall of
seven feet, two mon standing in the water,
and holding and turning each sheep under
the pouring stream for about n couple Of
minutes. We arc told that, In this way, the
very dirtiest ileocos become in a few minutes
as clean as they can be made, and that the
watts Of the size mentioned, with two spouts
Of water, are sufficient for washing 500 sheep
in q day. Hot water washing and spouting
the skin are said to throw out more yolk, 10
kill most Of the ticks, and TO raise the value
Of the wool very materially indeed"
LATE HoEING OF P~oTAToEs.-It Is the prac.
tice Of some farmers to continue the %cultiya-
ton Of Irish potatoes, other with the pillow or
hoe, till near the time the tops show signs Of
dying, or, at least, till long after they have
got their growth. Though we believe in tlror-
ough cultivation, and In keeping the weeds
in perfect subsection, still W. question II q
positive injury does not arise from this treat
ment. From the time the potato top frs;
breaks Through the ground, Till IL appears in
blossom, tho soil should be kept well pulver-
jzed After the tubors nre set, however, we
believe the ground Immediately about them
should not DO disturbed, as 1t will serve TO
stimulate the production Of an additional
number OF potatoes, instead OF adding TO the
size OF those already formed.
There seems to be certain conditions Of
warmth n moisture necessary TO the growth
Of the potato, which are best attained at a
certain definite distance from the surface.
II Is here that nearly ell the tubers will be
formed, If the size Of the hill Is not changed.
If, however, more earth IL drawn around 1t,
as the tubers already formed cannot be push
ed forward 70 reach this point, others will
put out and arrange themselves in this most
favored l%ocationi thus many potatoes will be
IOlneu OF n variety OF sizes, instead OF q
comparatively small number Of uniform big
ness and the same degree Of ripeness.
If weeds show themselves between the
rows, let them he cut out by a sort Of shSv-
ing movement Of tho hoe, rather than dis
posed of by tho ordinary way of hoeing,
which, in tho corn or potato field, means
killing.
As far ms our experience has gone, We have
always found the dryest and most mealy po-
tatoes growing near the surface Of the
ground. They are also sounder, less liable TO
Do hollow, aud less prone TO decay.-Prairie
Farmer.
PoIsoNous BREAp.-The doctora condemned