The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1868-10-10
fafm ano Rousebolo.
Hints ON Ira nsplanting, sc.

Hints on Transplanting, sc.
We cannot attempt to give complete di
rections on all points connected with ire
planting, but simply few hints on the NOR
important operations. Every man who pur
chases bill of trees, should put himself il
possession of The Fruit Garden, or som,
other treatise on tree culture, that will fur
nish him with full and reliable instruction
on the routine of management. Transplant
ing is to be considered under the followin.
heads:
1st. The Preparation of the Son.-Fo
Fruit Trees the soil should be dry, eithe
naturally, or made so by thorough drainage
as they will not live or thrive on soil con
stantly saturated with stagnant moisture. |
should also be well prepared by twice pillow
ing, at least, beforehand, using the subsoi
pillow after the common one, at the SECOND
blowing. On new, fresh lands, manurins
will be unnecessary, but on lands exhausted
by cropping, fertilizers must be applied
either by turning in heavy crops of clover
or well decomposed manure or compost
To ensure good growth of fruit trees, lane
should be in as good condition as for crop
Of wheat, corn, or potatoes.
I'd. The Preparation of the Trees.-In re
gard to this important operation, there are
more fatal errors committed than on any
other. As general thing, trees are placed
In the ground precisely as they are sent from
the nursery. In removing tree, no matter
how carefully it may be done, portion o.
the roots is broken and destroyed, and con
sequently the balance that existed in the
structure of the tree is deranged. This mus
be restored by proper pruning, adapted te
the size, form and condition of the tree, as
follows:
Standard Orchard Trees.-These, as sent
from the nursery, vary from five to eight
feet in height, with naked stems or trunks,
and number of branches at the top form
ing head. These branches should be all
cut back to within three or four buds of theil
base. This lessons the demand upon the
roots, and enables the remaining buds to
Z push with vigor. In the case of older trees
OF extra size, the pruning must be in pro-
portion; as general thing, it will be safe
to shorten all the previous years shoots to
three or four buds at their base, and where
the branches are very numerous, some may
be cut out entirely.
Pyramidal Trees, if of two or three years
growth, with number of side branches,
will require to be pruned with two fold
object in view, viz: The growth of the tree
and the desired form. The branches must
be cut into the form of pyramid by short
ening the lower ones, say one half, those
above them shorter, and the upper ones
around the leading shoot to within two or
three buds of their base The leader itself
must be shortened back one half or more
When trees have been dried or injured much
by exposure, the pruning must be closer
than if in good order.
Dcdrf Standard Trees and Dparf Bushes
Must be pruned as recommended for
standards, aiming at producing a round,
well-proportioned head, with the main
branches regularly distributed and far enough
apart to admit air freely to all parts.
Tearling Trees Intended for Pyramids. s.
Some of these may have few side branches.
the smallest of which should be cut clean
away, reserving only the stro INCEST and the
best placed. In other respects they will be
pruned as directed for trees of two years
growth.
Those having no side branches should be
cut back so far as to insure the production
Of tier of branches within six inches or
less of the ground. A strong yearling, four
to six feet, may be cut back about half and
the weaker ones more than that. 1t is bet.
ter to cut too low thau not low enough, for
if the first tier of branches be not low
enough, the pyramid form cannot afterwards
be perfected.
Sd. Hanting.-Dig holes in the first place.
large enough to admit the roots of the tree
to spread out in their natural position
Then, having the tree pruned as above d.
rected, let one person hold it in an upright
position, and the other shovel in the earth.
carefully putting the finest and the best from
the surface in among the roots, filling every
lnterstlce, and bringing every root in con-
tact with the soil. When the earth is nearly
ililed in, pail of water may be thrown on
TO settle and wash in the earth around the
roots; then fill in the remainder, and tread
gently with the foot. The use of wafer &c
seldom necessary, except in drv weather
early in tall or late in spring. Guard against
planting too deep; the Trees after the ground
Settles should stand in this respect as thew
did in the nursery. Trees on dwarf stools
should stand so that all the stock he nnder
the ground, andno more. In very dry. gray.
ely ground, the holes should be dug twice
the usual size and depth, and filled in with
good loamy soil.
4th. Staking.-If trees are tall and mucb
exposed to winds, stake should he n1,ntad
with the tree, to which it should be tied in
such manner as to avoid chatting. A piece
OF mating OR cloth may be put between the
tree and the stake.
9Th. Mulching.-When the tree is nl,rt-
ed, throw around it as far as the roots e..
tena' ana foot beyond, five to six inches
deep of rough manure or litter. This is
particularly necessary in dry ground. and is
highly advantages everywhere, both in spring
and fall planting. 1t prevents the ground
from baking or cracking, and maintains an
equal temperature about the roots:
6th. After Culture.-The grass should not
be allowed to grow around young trees after
being planted, as it stunts their growth ard
utterly ruins them. The ground should be
kept clean and loose around them, until,
at least, they are bearing size.
Treatment Of trees that hare been Frozen
IN the Packages, or received during Frostv
neotAer.-Place the packages, unopened,
IN a cellar or some such place, cool, but
free from frost, until perfectly thawed, when
they can be unpacked, and either planted or
placed in trench, until convenient to plant.
Treated thus, they will not be injured by the
freezing. Trees procured in the fall for
spring Dlantipo should l.. LII =: .,