The New York herald., 1868-06-10

bcen carried by tue wind great distance Pieces
TOO and three inches in sze noated ashore at
keaiskekua Bay. forty i've miles distant.
The roaring of the crater was q novel feature to
those who had never visited an eruption before. 1T
ana the grinding crushing process OF the as it
moved along. This ad now appears composed Of
haltmelied lava and as u is pushed along piled up
ing the appearance OF o railroad embankment, the
SIDES having an angie OF about forty degrees, down
generally moves along slowly but when the quantity
Of liquid lava. which noats and carries along the dG
abundant, y moves from one 70 four miles an
lava and the liquid pdhoehoe, which nows like water
s IN interesting subject OF inquiry that has never
one giving place 20 the other In turns. Our own
opinion - that the smooth liquid variety obtains its
ehsrac'er By long fusion while the aa variety (which
gether consists of the interior surface OF the earth
torn cr and thrown out during the eruption. An
OF the various AT streams tends to con-
ss-.ds. the dwelling and premises. which were
sompse.ey burned and covered up ten feet deep by
ths lava Mr. Brown lost about one hundred head or
cate and other parties about one hundred and fifty
nesd These cattle appeared TO be paralyzed on the
q "a dficult 10 estimate the loss OF property in
sshaku bat y may be roughly set down at from
sxne,s,v. ,n. ~ "e , nouses ues.royeu were not
'ea'.'s' 'he nam loss oein. In land and stock.
Respecting the weather during March It NAV be
hdteu uiaf n was OF the same stormy character as
hssSreyaiiei all over the Western Hemisphere, In
Guiding the North and South Pacific The Quantity
Si OF ram mat has fallen on the mountains OF Hawaii
mas Also been large, but TO what extent these have
Affected the internal fires and produced the earth
quakes and eruptions must remain only matter OF
conjecture The thermometer during the same
h.gth showed no unusual nuctuation. ranging from
sNy-eight 10 seventy degrees at sunrise and eighty
three 10 elghiy-four degrees at noon with consider
The same writer commenting on the earthquakes
saws a. follows
At about ten A. M. on the 2sth OF March a series OF
earthquakes began which continued at intervals with
varied severity for over month. At Kona as many
a. nifty sixty distinct shocks were felt in one day
AZ kau over three hundred in the same time, and
near the great crater OF Kauea the earth s repre-
sented as having been In constant CULVER for days
together witt frequent vigorous shocks that would
send crocke chairs lamps, &c.. spinning around
pretor OF the Volcano House, says he endured this
Tor several days as long as he could till night
ty-inch shot, with well directed aim that struck the
ground directly under his bed when he jumped and
ran, where or how he hardly knew. but he found
himself after while In the woods safe and sound.
One can readily imagine the state OF nervous ex-
citement produced by the continual swaying OF the
ground with an occasional shock like that produced
by heavy rock striking the crust beneath him. A
lady who spent two weeks In this shaky region SAYS
una ,st she pu, ner ear down to the earth during one OF
rushing and roaring OF the lava waves beneath the
surface Ike the surying Of waves I'm storm. II
sucn scene as unstrung the nrmest nerves. Resi-
dents OF kau inform us that two thousand dis
tlnct shocks occurred there between the 18th OF
March and the nth OF April, averaging over lao
fhe earthquakes continued to increase In severity
rom March - tiil April 2, when about four O'Clock
every stone wall and nearly every stone frame and
thAteh house throughout Kan, and did more or iess
ssnsoy or n oahu Sss and Tas Ksas s'
the latter island three hundred miles distant
rsi o 'ns nsm.a crater Ever church IN, n the DIS
we're thar y threw persons from their feet. and
way. a gentleman riding on horseback IN Kau
found his horse lying nat under him before he could
instant sseoas @ Before person " could as aS,as he
found himself prosirate on the ground. The large
sto-e church % wsiohlna vent down in the
and the roof feil nAt-sl the vork ef ten seconds.
R....c,,o. m. c..,.. =, s,,..,,,, =: N. .,,,,
Oahu have mostly been undu stIng win = waye-like
motion On Hawaii they had three distinct chArsc-
from the northwest TO southeasi; second. the saa
den, short, sharp. jerking shock. occupying hardly
Two seconds. and ihird . humping lks boulder
beneath yoa, and - suddenly falling down. Each
Kind was frequently accompanied with n raitIing
distinct. The lighter shocks generally had no ac-
companying noise. We experienced one Of the-c
asSi u the iSss Il .sana d prse sss s,s - ." sas
non ball had sIruck the nocr under ns and then
sound sleep Al ksu the motion Was often frOm
south 10 north.
DR. william Hillebrand visited the crater Of Kllaues
and the scene OF the mud now ami has published
very interesting report Of has o,servatioas from
which the foaowing extracts are taken. Many per-
sons IN the United states have visited the island OF
Hawaii and explored the crater OF KiIsuea To such
the localities named will be familiar AMI the nc
count full OF Interest,"
The ground around the crater of Kilaucs. particu.
larry ON the eastern and western sdes, IL rent by
great number OF assures near the Puma road
sss sr ana rs ass s
80 a. 10 render trasel on u very dangerous. The
lookout house Ia detached from IN mainsnd by
very deep crevas~c, and stands now an iso-
lated, oyerhangng rock, which, at the next
severe concass'on, must tumble INTO the pat
grass and bushes forming 80 many traps for the
unwary. The Volcano House, however, has not sur.
fered nor Is the ground surrounding % broken In the
rock have been detached and thrown down. ON the
west and northwest side. where the fire had been
most active before the great earthquake OF April 2
the railing masses probably have been at once melted
by the lava and carried on In Its STREAM for the walls
but that this part of The wall has los, portions Of n.
mass y shown TOO evidently BY the deep creyices
along the western edge Just spoken Of aud the par.
ual detachment In many places OF large prsms Of
rock. But It Ia ON the east and northeast wsi par
ticulary that the character of the has under
large masses OF rock many more than one hundred
tons weight obstruct the path and form sbutments
W SIOue piiinrs-sitAu Duttrt8s nills similar
those observed front OF the high bAsatc Wall in
kO0lau, Oahu. SO also In the deep crater ltsell the
eastern wall has lost much Of ts perpendicular DIP
and has become sneivng IN part.
The crater itself was entirely devoid OF liquid lava:
no incandescence anywhere; pitcny darkness nov.
cred over the abyss the nrst night. ssy the nrst
night because during the second night of our STAY
between twelve and one A. NJ, detonaiions were
heard again. and light reappeared for q short time
In the South Lake. white vapors of steam issued
from the noor In hundred places. but OF those
stining, suphurous and acid gases formerly 90 over
powering in the neighborhood of the lakes and
ovens, only the fsinfest trace was perceived here
and there. The heat was nowhere ~ great that we
could not keep our footing for minute or more, al
though In many places Il would forbid the touch OF
the bare hand. The great south Lake is transformed
into vast pit more than ave hundred feet deep the
solid eastern wall projecting far the hollow be-
low, while the remaining sides are falling on with
sharp inclination and consist OF confused mas Of
sharp 40. More than two-thiris 0f the Old noor Of
kiauea has caved In. and sunk from one hundred 20
three hundred feet below the level OF the remaining
moor. Tho depression embraces the Whole western
naf and infringes IN Q semicircular line on q