The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1868-08-13

socn % ale ~. .-.ntahaN s-a.-.,I--
few there Are that con tell whether
theirs, - milksd, are profitable or not!
More anon. INc0o.
How Chromos are Made.
FrOm the Boston daily advertiser.
Chrome Lithography 10 the art Of
printing pictures from stone, IN colors.
The most difdcult part 0f it--which 10
now generally implied whom chromOs
are spoken Offs the art Of reproducing
| oil paintings. When . chrome 10 made
by compstent hand, il presents IA ex-
act counterpart Of the original painting,
with the delicate graduations OF tints
and shades, and with much Of the spir-
it and tone of . production Of the brush
and pallet.
To understand how chromos are made,
the art Of lithography must first be
lith0graphingi 10 . species Of limestone
found In Bavaria, aud II wrought into
thick slabs with finely polishsd surface.
The drawing 10 made upon the slab
with sort Of cOlored soap. which ad-
heres to the stone, and enters into .
chemical combination with 1t after the
application of certain acids aud gums.
When the drawing 10 complete, the slab
is put on the press, and carefully damp
ened with sponge. The oil color Tor
ink Is then applied with comon print
er's roller. or course, the parts Of the
slab which contain no drawing, being
wet, resist the ink; while the drawing
itself, being oily, repels the water, but
that, without q raised surface or incisiOn
AS in cOnon printing, wood cuts, and
steel ngravings-lithography produces
printed drawings from . perfectly
smooth stone.
In a chrome, the first proof Is . light
ground tint, covering nearly all the
surface. It has only faint shadowy
resemblance to the completed picture.
1t is in fact rather shadow than Al
outline. The next proof, from the Sec
Ond stone, contains all the shades Of an
other color. This process is repeated
again and again and again occasionally,
proof, in a visit Is Mr.. Prang . establish
ment, ia group Of cattle, that had pass
| cd through the press twelve times; and
it still bore q greater resem blance to q
spoiled colored photograph than to the
charming picture which it subsequently
became. The number Of impressions,
however, does not necessarily indicate
the number of colOrs in q painting, be.
cause the colOrs aud tints are greatly
multiplied by combinations created in
the process Of printing one over another.
1t twenty-five impressions, it is some-
| times necessary and possible to produce
hundred distinct shades.
| The last impression is made by an ell
graved stone, which produces that re-
selnblance to canvass noticeable in all Of
Mr.. Prang's finer specimens. English
and German chrOmOs, ~ rule, do not
attempt to give this delicate final touch,
although 1t would seem to be essential
in order to make perfect imitation Of =
painting.
The paper used 10 white, heavy "plate
paper" Of the best quality, which has
| to pass through heavy press, sheet by
sheet, before its surface is tit to receive
an impression.
The process thus briefly explained, we
need hardly add, requires equally great
skill and judgment at every stage. A
single error is instantly detected by the
practised eye in the finished specimen.
The production OF chrome, II 1t is 1t
all complicated, requires several months
sometimes several years-Of careful
preparation. The mere drawing Of the
different and entirely detached parts on
% many different stones is Of itself .
work that requires an amount Of labor
sud degree Of skill, which, to person
unfamiliar with the process, would ap-
pear incredible. Still more difficult, and
needing still greater skill, Is the process
Of coloring. This demands knowledge
which artists have hitherto almost OK
clusively monopolized, and, in addition
to it, the practical familiarity Of . print
or with mechanical details. Drying
| saAo mi, 3,,N, -
branches of the art of making chromos
a. drawing and coloring. On proper
registering, for example, the entire pos
sibility Of producing picture ut every
stage Of its progress depends. Regis =
tering" is that part Of . pressnan's work
which consists in 80 arranging the paper
in the press, that it shall receive the i'm
preston on exactly the same spot Of ev.
cry sheet. In book work, each page
must be exactly opposite the page print
ed on the other side of the sheet, in or.
der that the impression, II OH thin paper
may not ''show through" In newspa.
per work this is Of less Importance, aud
often is not attended To with any special
care. But in chrome lithOgraphy the
difference Of hairs breadth would
spoil picture, for 1t would hopelessly
mix up the colors.
After the chrome has passed through
the press, it is embossed and vanished,
and then put up for the market. These
tinal processes are for the purpose Of
breaking the glossy light, and softening
the hard outlines which the picture re-
ceives from the stone, which impart Ia
it the resemblance Of painting on can.
vas.
Mr.. Prang began his business in the
hulnblest way, but has rapidly increased
his establishment. until he now employs
Atty workm nearly ell of them art.
lists and artisans Of the most skilful class
and Is preparing TO move into larger
building at Roxbury. He uses eighteen
prssses and his sales are enormous
His catalogue now embraces . large
number Of Album Cards, about seventy
sets Of twelve In each So; beautiful
sories OF illuminated "Bsatitudos" and
.'Scriptural motoes !" ~ endless list ol
our great men, and Of men not % great
aftef ell; ofjuveniles. notably, pro-