davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
Income Tax on Express, Telegraph
and Railroad Oompanies.

Income Tax on Express, Telegraph
and Railroad Companies.
pY General Orders No. 139, Headauar-
ID ters Second Military District, Charles
ton, S. c., December 8. 1867, the following
provisions arc made, viz:
"From tho receipts Of Express or other
TRANSFORMATION Companies, earned within
the limits of the State, one dollar on every
hundred dollars; and from the receipts of
Telegraph Companies, earned within the
limits of the State, two and one-half dol
lars on every hundred dollars; on the
gross incomes of all Railroads, (not cx-
empted by law,) from earnings within the
State, one dollar on every hundred dollars;
that tho tax on Railroad Companies, Ex-
press Companies and Telegraph Compa-
nies shall be returned to and paid directly
into the Treasury of the State; and these
return. shall be made quarterly"
The taxes specified above will be due,
for the second quarter of 1868, on the 3Oth
JUNE, instant. The proper officers OF the
respective Companies will please keep this
tax in view, and be prepared to make re-
turn and payment thereof at the time in
dlcated. WIN. HOOD,
Treasurer State South Carolina.
June ~
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
NEW BOOKS.

ENPLORATIONS of the Nile Tributa-
tiow-The Country, People, Customs, etc.
BY Sir S. w. Baker, $500.
Sermons. BY Rev. Charles Kingsley,
Chaplain to Her Majesty and to the Prince
of Wales, SITS.
Morte D'Arthur. Sir Thomas Malory's
Book of King Arthur and his Noble
Knights of the Round Table, SITS.
Ante-Bellum. Southern Life as it was
$500.
The Divine Teacher. Being TIE record
cd sayings of our Lord Jesus Christ, II. %.
Beechenbrook. A rhyme of the war.
By Margaret Preston-new edition. And
many other new books. Some new paper
bound novels. For sale at DUFFIE &
CHAPMAN'S bookstore.
,Tuue II
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
What is this Medicine Called "The
Queens Delight?"

WnaC is tnls medlclne called The
Queens Delight?"
WHY, it is the most extraordinary in
w vention as remedy for curing dis
ease and restoring health We have ever
been called upon to record. 1t is new
vegetable combination, possessing in
single product the new principles for heal
ing the sick and restoring the health. 1t
purifies the fountain of fife-the blood
and as the life of the flesh is pure blood,
so impurity must be disease and death to
the body. 1t is tonic bitters, and may
beg be given We in AL cases of weak digestion,
pressed mind and body, weariness Of
limbs. 1t is an invigorant; it infuses new
life to the blood, by removing the humors
and impurities which check the heaithful
circulation. 1t is stimulant; it gives ac-
tivity to the nervous fluids, and invigorates
the organs Of life. 1t is the only medicine
yet discovered that comes up to the true
standard of merit and worth, and secures
to the invalid and the diseased tho great
est of al blessings--he Ask for
HEINITSH'S QUEENS DELIGHT. For
sale by FISHER l. HEINITSH.
june II Druggists.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19

E1HE CAROLINA NATIONAL BANK,
Il OF COLUMBIA, will deal in Exchange,
Gold and Silver Coin, and do a general
Banking Business. The accounts OF mer-
chants and others in Columbia, and in tho
towns and country connected with it by
business, are respectfully solicited.
Collections attended to carefully and re .
mitted for promptly. Loans made on gold
coin and other collateral security.
The Board OF Directors meet. for the
transaction of business, EVERY MON
DAY, at 10 o'clock a. m.
COLUMBIA, s. c., June 6, 1863
June 6 3mo
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
Richland---In Equity.
Sale of Valuable Town Property

NHE Commissioners appointed to select,
L site for the Court House and jail for.
the District of Oconee, having located the
same in the town of Walhalla, and pro-
cured the titles OF 100 acres of land within
said town, will, at 10 o'clock a. M, on
THURSDAY, the 9th of August next, after
having first laid of the said land into
suitable and convenient lots, proceed to
sell the said LOTS to the highest bidder.
This location is within the beautiful and
thriving town of Walhalla, at the foot of
the Blue Ridge, and possesses advantages
in point Of trade, education, &C., unsur-
passed By any other place in the State.
TERMS OF SALE.-One.fourth cash; the
balance payable in three equal install
ments. in three, six and nine months, Sc
cured by note, with approved aecurity.
Titles to be executed, but not delivered
until purchase money is paid in full. Ard
in case of failure on the part of purchaser
to meet the payments when due, the pro-
perty to be forthwith sold at his risk. Pur-
chasers to pay extra for stamps and titles.
WESLEY PITCHF0RD,
w. +. HOLCOMBE,
BRY FRETWELL,
NJ. F. MITCHELL,
o. NJ. DOYLE,
Commissioners
WALHALLA, S. c., June 8, 1868. -
june 5 f6
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
Tel9 9Erag9Far
cabie tDespa,enaes.s

L1vEnrooI, june 49, George Fran
els Train appeared at the Exchange,
last night, and attempted to speak.
The people Missed him down.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
Notice to Water Tenants.

Notice to Water Tenants.
CITY CLERKS OFFICE,
COLUMBIA, June i3, 1868.
DERSONS using the water from the CITY
Il. Water Works. will call at this Office
before the 1st of JULY next, and pay the
amount assessed them for their supply of
water. Failing to comply with this notice,
it will be cut off from their promises. and
executions issued for the collection of tho
amount due to that date.
j. s. MCMAHON, City Clerk.
June II 10
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
DWELLING FOR RENT.

WGLLlNd fUh hENI.
Ia A VERY CONVENIENT DWELL
E: ING, in pleasant part of the city,
LIN with Five Rooms-all with fire. places;
also, Bathing Room attached, with Shower
Bath Apparatus; rooms nicely papered;
also, Five Rooms in the Basement and
riage Houses, and neat Garden. Rent
moderate to an approved tenant. Posses.
SIGN to be given by the first of July next.
Apply at G. DiERCK'S Store.
Nav 81
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
HUNTS HOTEL,
NEW BOOKS.

NEW BOOKS.
NORWOOD. ANovel. By Henry Ward
IN Beecher. Price 81 so.
DAVID, the King Of Israel. By Krnm-
macher. Price S1.75.
The Massacre OF st. Bartholomew. By
White. Preceded by History of the Re-
ligious Wars. $1.75.
Andreas Hofer, the Tyrolese Patriot
An Historical Novel. BY Muhlbach.
The Poetry and Complement of Court
ship.
The Three LittlcSpades. BY Miss War
ncr.
Charlottc's Inheritance-A Sequel to
Birds of Prey"
Sooner or Later. BY Shirley Brooks. 4
first class novel.
And other New Books. For sale at
MCCARTER'S BOOKSTORE.
April 16 RI. BRYAN.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19
NOTICE.

NUI1CE.
GEALED PROPOSALS for rebuilding
- tho High Bridge" on the Bluff Road,
are invited. Plans and specifications can
be seen at the Office of MIR. G. T. BERG,
Architect, under whose direction the work
is to- be done. Bids will be opened at the
Clerks Office, in Columbia, ON SATUR-
DAY, goth June, instant, at 70 m. The
contractor will be required to give bond,
with approved sureties, conditioned to
keep the bridge in good repair for five
years. BY order Of
THOMAS TAYLOR,
Ch'm'n Joint Board Comm'rs Roads,
Richland District.
June 0 46 D. D. MILLER, Clerk.
Richland---In Equity.
Wade Hampton Gibbes, Washington
Allston Gibbes, executors, us. Mary
l.. Singleton, James Ct. Gibbes ct
M.-BH to Sell Real Estate, Mar
shall ASSeks, DC.
TN pursuance of decretal order in
Il above stated case, the creditors of
r. w. GIBBES, SR., deceased, are
hereby required to present and prove
their demands before me, on or be-
fore the 1st day of October next.
d. B. DESAUSSURE,
April 20 WIN O. e. r. D.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19

Final Notice to Tax Payers.
CITY CLERKS OFFICE,
COLUMBIA, June 13, 1868.
A LII persons in arrears for City Taxes,
placed in the hands Of the Sheriff Of this
District, for the collection of the same, if
not paid before the 1st of JULY next.
This requirement will be rigidly enforc-
cd, and ,oiu admit of no exceptions.
June IA 10
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19

THE front part of our
Store having been damaged
by the recent storm, we will
be compelled to sell off our
Stock of CLOTHING, CAS-
SIMEREs. HATS, &c., at or
nearly COST, for want of
room.
New styles of Boys Straw
HATS just received.
R. g. W. G. sWAFFIELD.
Main Street.
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19

NOTICE.
NOUNCIL CHAMBER, COLUMBIA, June
" 1G, 1SGS.-The Ward Committees of
the Board of Health will visit and inspect
the premises in their respective wards OH
MONDAY, tho 22d instant. All persons
are required to have their premises tho
roughly cleaned and tho trash and garbage
placed in the streets on the SATURDAY
MORNING previous, that it may bo re-
moved by the street carts.
BY order of the Board.
is. MCMAHON,
June II >
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19

The life OF nIl flesh fs blood. The
health Of all life is pure flesh. Pure blood
keeps out all diseases. The Queens De.
light purifies the blood. stSE;
The daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, 1868-06-19

ApITAL, 100000.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
Overcoming Prejudice.

Agatheripg of leading Democrats
took place in Albany a few days
since. when, it is reported. Ex-Gov-
ernor SEYMOUR took strong ground
for MI. CHASE as the Democratic
candidate. He thought that Mr..
CHASE, by aiding in thus harmonic
ing the a~nti-radical elements, would
make himself the great leader of his
party in the future In the course of
conversation, it was limited that the
platform upon which Mr.. CHASE
would stand would be acceptable to
the a~nti-radical party. The Demo-
Gratis present, representing nearly
every section of the State, received
Governor SEYMoUR's suggestions not
only with che respect due to their
source, but many of them with lively
satisfaction. 1t is a highly gratifying
sign of progress to see such sterling
Democratic leaders as Ex-Governor
SEYMOUR and HAMILTON SMITH
urging the party to overcome their
hereditary prejudices and accept as
their candidate for the Presidency
the pioneer apostle of Abolition and
Negro Suffrage o2
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
TIE Reht and lis Interest.

MMMM.G| #EMaH -M-HmML
Any possible opening for cOntrO-
versy as to the import of so much of
the Republican platform as relates to
the redemption Of the national debt,
is closed by the terms IN which the
sPresident of the Conve alton formally
rendered the nomination Of General
Grant. 1t makes the strict fulfill
ment Of national obligations, = ure-
marks General Hawley, a point Of
honor, never to beGwaived. What the
ciUtlized aOord recognizes as fu1 and
fnol payment as the only payment the
Ual03l RepubticQn pdrty, lClH secer, con-
sent to tender.-Net0 TOrk Times, RE
p~ublican.)
The INDIANAPOLIS Sentinel ~criticises
the above paragraph, from the New
York Times, at length. It says it is a
candid admission -that-the-faaaeial
resolutions of the Republican plat
form mean that the national obliga-
tions shall be paid in gold, and then
gives vent to the usual TRADE about
depressing poor men and adding to
the wealth of the undergraduates
for poor men, gold for the wealthy.
The Republican Platform, adopted
by the Chicago Convention. mean
Just what it says-no more, no less.
Governor HAWLEY is no more com
petent to give it an authoritative
construction than any other member
of the Convention, and not so much
as the members of the Committee on
Resolutions, who made it. But grant
ing that his construction is authorita-
tive, what is there in what he has
said so terrible? He says the Plat
form makes the strict fulfllment OF
national obligations a point of honor
never to be waived Does the Sen
tinel object to this? Does it want the
fulhllment of national obligations a
point of honor that must be waived,
or does it regard national obligations
as no point Of honor at all? We in
sist that no reasonable objection can
be made to this part of Governor
HAWLEY's speech except by those
who are in favor of regulating the
public debt altogether. Ia arraying
itself against the Governors PROPOSE.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
He World Have Done 1t.

Can there be the leilst doubt in the
mind of any man or Woman that had
General GRANT or a man just like
him been 10 the Presidential chair
during the past three years, the whis-
ky and tobacco taxes would have
been collected, and at least $3.50, 900, :
COO more paid on the public debt?
would have done it. because be
could have done it, and because he
would have had friends enough with
out counting, as JOHNSON has done,
the supporter thieves and swindlers.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

The New York Herald, which is
celebrated for its inventive faculty.
has prepared another ticket for the
New York Convention of the Con-
federate Democracy. With its usual
enthusiasm it gushingly expatiates on
the strength of its new bantling as
follows: 90 -oo oI aetfTa2
Chase and Dix viii make a splendid
opposition ticket, and some such
combination is the only chance for
the Democracy. They will 60 down
again with Pendleton, or Segmour. or
Hendricks, or Hoffman, or Wood. or
poor Pierce, or FILLMORE, or Black, or
Brown, or any other deeayed politi-
clan identified with the peace party Of
the war. The fastidious Western
Copperhead Democracy turn uprtheir
dainty noses at Hancock. They don't
like his epauiets, and they won't have
him. The a~rlstocratic, managers OF
the Eastern Democracy have always
given the cold shoulder to john
son, perhaps because they have
no faith IN goose or lapboard,
thimble or scissors. We have tried
them with brave old Admiral Far.
ragut, but they evidently were afraid
that, as he was not dyed In the
wool az Charleston or Chicago, he
knows nothing of Democracy. Mr..
johnson hin self has done all that be
could towards finding a Democratic
candidate, but all to no purpose, till
at last the party leaders discover that
Chase is their only chance of saliva
FtiOn. kESeymonr and RyDders pros
Dounce him a good Democrat;
Greeley still pronounces him a great
statesman, MS recent record proves
him a good conservative, and all men
acknowledge. him thoroughly loyal
and trusty. There is no fear il. elected
he will take the COpperhead Demo-
cratic back track to " the Constitution
as it was" including the bred Scott
decision and the revival of slavery,
and no fear that he will diverge to the
exce-ses of radiealism. What if the
Democratic party as it was and as it is
shall cease TO be with the nomination
of Chaser Is it not the very thing
we want? Has it not for all national
purposes been for these seven long
years defeated, disbanded and de-
funct? Let Mr.. Seymour push for
ward the good work, let Capt. Ryn-
ders second his efforts, let Hoffman
keep cool, let Wood be quiet, and let
the Democracy prepare for a meeting
at the new Tammany Hall on the
glorious Fourth" in behalf Of Chief
Justice Chase, and they may open the
ball OF a glorious revolution.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
They Can't Stand the Fire.

The Newburg Herald, ~in-notieing
the Warrick County Republican Con-
vention, which met at Boonville last
week, after giving an abstract Of Maj.
RoBINsoN's speech, says:
Mai. Blythe Hynes followed Major
Robinson in a short, sharp. pointed,
convincing speech. Robt. Hill, ESQ.,,
a young lawyer, of Evansville, who is
rapidly rising in the estimation of his
legal brethren, made the closing
speech, which was able and eloquent,
the speaker being often interrupted
by immense applause.
We have no time or even DISPOSE
ton to refer particularly to the
speeches. We more especially de-
sired to show the effect produced.
From the moment Major Robinson
began throwing shells into the enc
mics camp, until the close of Hills
terrific bombardment, the old Demo-
Gratis continued, one by me-, to leave
the court room, evidently expecting
and desiring the younger Democrats
to follow their example. They don't
want either to hear the truth them
selves or others to hear it. Truth
don't advance the cause Of De-
mocracy.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

tiou, the kentfnet clearly places itself
in the ranks of the Repudiators, mar
shaled under Brick PoMERoY. T.
What the civilized world regards
as payment, is the only payment the
Union Republican party will consent
to tender" says Governor HAwLEY.
To this the Eentinel responds, by en-
deavoriug to show that the fve-twenty
bonds are to be paid IN the same kind
of ourreheg Observation-Disclosures re-
ceived for them, and that 1T is the only.
redemption that the holders Of these
bonds can, in good faith, demand or
expect" Suppose this to be trues.
Will not the civilized world recognize.
that as full and final payment, which
iG ali that een.kp good fGd be de-
manded or expected Certainly it
will, and Gov. HAwLEY's speech will
have been complied with to the letter.
He says nothing about how the debt
shall be paid, only that it shall be
paid in strict fulfllment of national
obligations. We again repeat, in
taking issue with this plain, homes st
confession Of an intention to pay the
national debt according to the terms
on which it was contracted. the Senti-
mel plants itself among the regulators.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

LTTTELL's LIVING AGE. No.
1858, contains a historical sketch of
Lord Chesterfield, the Man of the
World-very instructive and enter
tanning; The Teaching of English;
S~piritualism in Chancery; Sociable
Silence; Storming of Magdala; Linda
Tressel concluded; All for Greed
concluded; The American Lecture
System; Walt. Whitman's Poems;
Poetry and Scraps. The Living Age
is emphatically a live periodical.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

THE Evansville Journal desires
to be informed whether the contuma-
eWooliey nov in durancej at
Washington, is the same person who
was connected with the Bank of the
Capitol in this, city some years ago.
He is not. John Woolley was the
indianapolis banker, while the name
of the Woolley of the whisky and
corruption ring is Charles w, ana is
a .Cincinnatian of Kentucky antece-
dents.-Indioaapolis Journal.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06


TART.-The Mt. Carmel Register
has an opinion as is an opinion of its
neighbor at Lawreaceville, and ex-
presses it without fear or favor. 1t
says: =
The cesspool at Lawrenceville,
known as the journal, last week,
cast a part of its filth at Us, as it has
done with nearly every other respect
able paper on its exchange list. Its
editor was formerly a highwayRan In
Kentucky, crossing back with the
bandits who pillaged Newburg, aInd.,
a few years ago. He employs the
same lancuage in his columns that be
and his associates used when ntheir
professional tours. We have no con-
t~rovelsy with men of his ilk.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
Political Prescription In Virginia.


From a report of the proceedings
of a Conservative meeting held on
the 18th ult., at the Court House in
Warrenton, Fauquier County, Viz
ginia, We copy the following resOlu-
ton, which was adopted, among
others, viz:
Resolred, That, in view of the vital
importance Of the issues now pre-
sented, involving the purity, hOnor,'
and existence of the white race of
Virginia, ace hid the l1hite MAJ 1ohO,
In thiS crisis, does not identity himself
nth has oIcH race, By has cote, IS an
U0rthy Of oar association or cOURte-
n and zoe toiU hare no intercourse
NTH sacH, either Of e. business or sociub
character oea ad1 paii3hsS 81 Earom
srleC4a. ed ,aolQo ADS 50. a3aamt1ga
Another resolution makesithe above
praetiealabyirecommendiBge veryGon-
servative voter to cast an open ballot.
Bysthis means. it is PRESUMED every
white man who votes the Republican
ticket can be spotted. But the prln-
cipal design, by the adoption Of such
resolutions, is to intimidate Republi-
cans from voting at all. TheODemo
cratic papers of the Northern States
have had much to say about intim-'
idating voters and carrying elections
by force. None Of them, however,
will be found condemning the com
mercial and social ostracism adopted
by their party in the South an ostra-
cism that, to sensitive men, is more
terrible Than an army with %bayonets.
But if the Unioh men Of the Southern
States will only stand firm and do
their duty, the day is not far distant
when the now Xemployed to
compass their destruction will prove
weapons in their hands to destroy
their enemies, The dark night Of
oppression is now upon them. but the
morning light will soon be seen GID
ing the hill tops. It requires courage
to withstand the Prosecutions to
which they are subjected, bat courage
will bring a sure and exceeding rich
reward. t-A3a
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

All letters to the Journal Company,
Wherher intended for the Editorial,
Business, or Mechanical Depart.
ments, In order TO secure prompt
attention, shO0ld be addressed TO the
" Evansville g0nrnaI Company"
Letters, unless on private business
should not be addressed TO indiVld.
uaI members Of the Company.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

Gov. FENToN congratulated Colfaxl
IN his nomination. Well, we have.
heard of fellows who congratulated
their rivals ontheir success in sup
planting them In the affections of
their sWeethearts But it isn't every
body that has a stomach for such
pleasantries.-N A. Ledger. &
The congratulations that Mr.. Coz
FAX has received frem his rivals for
the nomination seem to have nause-
ated a good many Democratic stom-
achs, for they have been ejecting bile
ever since, and at a most disgusting
rate.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
The LONDON QUARrERLY.-The

The LONDON QUARTERLY.-Ihe
American republication of this valua-
BILE review, for April, has been re-
ceived from LEONARD SCOTT. The
contents are: Lord McCauly and his
School, terrible review of the dis
tinguished English historian; The
Use of Refuse; Robert South; Uni
versity Reform; Lord Romilly's Irish
Publications The Farmers Friends
and Foes; The New School of Radi-
Gals; William Won Humboldt; Pur-
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
a STORY z WEEK.

Let every friend Of the Union, Of
Free Institutions, and of the True
Principles Of Government, push for
ward the good work by securing for
the CAMPAIGN JOURNAL a wide circu.
lation.
County and Township Committee
Should at once commence a canvas
to place a copy in the hands Of every
Req ,bIieap and doubtful voter. o.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06
VETERAN OBSERVER say

THE Democracy are in a panic over
the rumor that General ScHoPIELD.
the new Secretary Of War, begins his
administrator of the department as
a declared sympathizer with Congress
and the Republicans. Gen. ScHo-
FIELDS army record would hardly
permit him to begin any other way.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1868-06-06

chase lnZ tbeE Army 9THs Irish
Church. Al the articles are superior
il merit,
BOARD OF TRADE REPoRr.-We
clip the following from the Te'eoraph
and CAr5nGcs pa blished al Norwich.
Chenangof CountystN New York, which
is. another evidence of ex~tensiFezeir-
culation the work has had. It1has
reached almost every city, town and
village in the United States:
THANKs.-We are obliged 10 E. F.
Lawrence, 6formerly4 of Smyrna,) for
a copy Of the finely printed and beau
tifully gotten up Animal Report of
the Board of Trade OF Evansville,
Ipdiana2E Ifsanythdngs were needed
TO illustrate the growing importance
of the Great West, it is supplied by
such publications as this, showingthe
rapid increase in population intelli-
gence, and business that there pre-
walls. CfnDpJ aeoon- naA o-tA