Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1868-05-30


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ksusd 81 s~Sk T-a-s.. a@@ thzs 81
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two- Wb~n q ie@- 9res the water
sxzy.orzfes and iezve- ts-hiud L DE-
J.osai of the saline InSrcSIseut these
amal-am4ie. and. ~ -e~n throRgh
the microscope, srray themselve- IA
long crossed lines. which look like
diminutive fish-bone--
Tears are secreted by gland called
the slachrymal gland, which is sit
uated above the eyehall, and under
meath the upper eyelid on the side
nearest to the temple. Six or seven
exceedingly fine channels flow from
it along and under the surface of the
yelid, discharging their contents a
little above the delicate cartilage
which supports the lid. 1t is these
channels or canals that carry the
tears into the eye. But tears do not
flow only at certain moments and un-
der certain circumstances, as might
be supposed; their flow is continu-
GUS; all day and all night (although
less abundantly during Sleep they
trickle softly from their slender
sluices, and spread glistening over
the surface of the pupil and eyeball,
giving them that bright, enamel, and
limpid look which is one of the
characteristic signs of health. 1t is
the ceaseless movements and con-
traction ofthc eyelids that effects the
regular spreading of the tears; and
the flow of these has need to be con-
stantly renewed in the way just mcn-
toned, because tears not only evap.
crate after few seconds, but also
are carried away through two little
drains, called "lachrymal points"
and situated in the corner of the eye
near the nose. Thus, all tears, after
leaving the eyclids, flow into the nos
trils, and if the reader will assure
himself of this, he has only to notice,
unpoetical as the fact may be, that q
person after crying much is always
obliged to make Il twofold use Of his
or her pocket-hankerchicf.
The utility of tears to animals in
general, and in particular to those
who arc exposed much to the dust,
such as birds who live amidst the
winds, is easy to understand; for the
eve would soon be dirtied and block.
ed up, like an uncleaned window.
pane, had not nature provided this
friendly ever flowing stream to wash
and refresh it. A very little fluid is
necessary to keep tho eye always
clear and clean; but here again we
must admire the wonderful mechan-
ism which works the human body,
for it is to be observed that when,
through some accident or hurt, the
eycball has need of more water thar
usual to cleanse it, nature at once
turns on a more abundant supply OF
tears. Thus, for instance, when q
grain of dust, or ALI insect crecps
into the eye, the cyelids at once fill
and run with tears, and these not
only alleviate the pain but also when
the object is small enough, carry il
away down the two small conduits
already noticed. The same thing
occurs when either smoke, too vivid
J light, or too intense cold obscure:
the sight-tea-s at once come to ouI
relief, and protect the eye from
harm.
With regard to other than physi
cal tears the explanation TO lie given
Of them is a very material one.
Tears are caused both by the sudden
and rapid Gov Of blood to the head
and by excessive nervoesexcisemert
Tbey are most fr-qacn, with womes
ard ehiiaren. ubs-e nerveas orgzn
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