The morning star and Catholic messenger. [volume] (New Orleans [La.]) 1868-1881, 1868-12-13
ARTS, SCIENCES, ETC.

| A8xDS O046NO66, 61Vs
THE LONDON SUBTERRAfgEAN RAnwAY.-The
Metropolitan railway :sof London will have
when comPleted, it is said, neither beginning
nor end. 1t will be. entirely under ground, 9
continuous burr0w, succession Of covered
ways, with tronghs Of various lengths, at IT.
regular intervals, open to the sky for light, but
more especially for ventilation. There are Csc
trains each way daily, running at intervals OF
about two minutes and a-half during tho busiest
portion of the day. Thetrafic ON this road has
| trebled in four years. In the half year ending
June 80, 1867, thenumber of passengers Carried
/ was IL ,495, 355 The receipts are about 8, 600
per mile. The first portion of this line was
opened in 1868, and it is rapidly approaching
final completion. Although the road is alt0geth-
or below the surface of the streets, every effort
has been made where practicable and not too
| expensive to make the road open rather than
| covered. In one locality the company pur-
chased five costly mansions in course of erees
| ton. They were underpinned, and now rest
upon the roof of the covered way under them.
Numerous other large buildings e. have been
| experienced and much expense incurred in
| avoiding sewers and gas and water mains.
Where the superstructuresa are unusually heavy,
covered ways. In length of less than three
| miles of railway more than 5000 cubic yards
| of earth have been removed. The rails are of
Bessemer steel, of little over eighty-fve
pounds to the yard. The guage is more than
six inches broad.
ELECTRTcIL PIANos.-A musical instrument,
more remarkable for ingenious mechanism thaa
for its cheapness and availability, has been
hrOn ght out by NJ. Speiss, of Sumiswald Swift
zerland. By means of clock-work, two rollers
are set in motion, which carry from one to the
other a band of strong paper, containing per-
forations, Like that used in q jacquard LOOM
and passing over an intermediate brass roller
put in connection with the wires OF an electric
battery, which are arranged in coils around soft
iron rods, and become magnets whenever the
current of electricity is unbrOken. The current
is closed by means ola series of pins touching
the brass roller, and is broken when the paper
passes between them and the roller.
MANILA CIGARS are made by female children
and adults. The mode of making the cigars
differs materially from that employed in this
country. The tobacco passes through dozen
hands. After the filing and wrappers are as
sorted, one set of girls select the filling and
range it in proper order another set trim the
wrappers, third rolls the wrapper about the
filling, while fourth stands by with their
fingers in pot containing paste OF mucilage,
uriance on the island. At the proper time she,
with o dexterOus wipe, applies the gumny SUBJ
stance to the edge of the leaf, aud the operator,
down upon the cigar and casts it into basket
upon the opposite side of tho table: There are
eight manufactures in Manila, employing
twenty five Thousand women and girls, whose
wages average seven cents per day.
ITALIAN, CoMBs.-More combs are made at
Milan, in Italy, than any other town. That
city uses, in this important industry, 1000
horns per week, or 2Os, 200 per annum. These
horns are mostly obtained in Italy, but a por-
ton are obtained from South America. The
remnant tips, shavings, scrapings, etc, are used
by the tanners, and in the manufacture of
manure. The manure obtained from the horn
waste is particularly adapted to the cultivation
of olives and oranges, and is consequently al
ways in good demand. The manufacture of
combs is also extensively carried on at Naples
Florence, Leghorn, and Orez 20; at Naples they
are made, principally, of the hoofs of bullocks
and horses The manufacture of combs from
tortoise shell is also carried on to some extent.
Ivory and bone are chiefly used at Florence,
and Orezzo. Horns are not the only
used at Milan, large quantities of bone
being also consumed.
PREsERrAT1oN OF EGGs.-Eggs may be pre-
served without difficulty by vanishing them
with a solution of gum arabic, and packing
them in salt or immersing them in strong brine.
air which, otherwise, finds access to the con-
tents of the shell, through the pores. The |
latter are effectually stopped by the gum solu-
ton. A mode adopted at Paris is better as it |
produces the same results without affecting the
external appearance of the egg. This consists
n placing the eggs (small quantities at a time) |
n a colander, and dipping them into a kettle |
If boiling water, where they allowed to re-
main one minute a thin layer of albumen next |
,he shell is thus coagulated, and becomes i'm
to the air. Packages of preserved
.ggs should be frequently turned, toprevent |
,he settling of the yolk to one side of the shell
VALUABLE LAMA lamp winch IS said to
rave the power of transmitting light through
he animal tissues was recently exhibited at a |
British Society for the Advancement of Science
The inventor, Dr. Richardson, says that the
dea of efecting this transmission of light
originated with DR.. Priestly, who had observed
hat ON passing the discharge of Leyden bat
cry through his finger, the member became
luminous. By this lamp it was asserted that
he motion of the heart and lungs had been
Observed while these organs were under the
influence of ether. The bones in the arm of q |
1tyl o1a 4
outline of the heart through the chest
CLovEs.-Cloves are the dried buds of a most
beautiful tree native of the Moltucca Islands.
rhe tree is small, having very graceful stem,
covered with a smooth, grayish bark. The
oliage ofthotree is of q brilliant green, and
he leaves are small and delicately formed
the obstacles thrown in the
way of the extension of the cultivation of