The New York herald., 1868-06-19

and especially ~ the city Of Arequipa, asways 80
ready TO engage In any quarrel whatsoever Ia this
dispute grave sectional question arises Bata u BY
birth ana sympathies northern man. AL OF has
property Is situated in that portion of the country;
and although he IL known to be impartial and just.
yet the fact OF his origin Is sufficient to inspire the
innabtants Of the southern departments OF the re-
pubic with rear and trembling. They did not calcu-
late upon Baltas election, but always supposed that
the actual President, General Canseco, would not
have been so loyal In one respect to the constitution
and would never have opposed the ordinances OF that
instrument to the general southern desire to reelect
him.
So now the trouble begins to appear Areauipa in
the first place elects as her Senator Evarsto Gomez
Sanchez, one OF Pezet's Ministers-an outlaw and
one OF the sgners OF the obnoxious treaty of 1866
with SPAIN Then the present Minister OF War;
General Alvizur has placed himself IN almost open
rupture with the President, ana in secret league
with this same Gomez Sanchez, for the purpose OF
opposing at any cost, the Inauguration OF Colonel
caba, which has the support OF a strong party in
the south. would endeayor to secure the return OF
General Pezet, and would declare him legitimate
President he In fact having the same right or more
to that position than the actual incumbent. Pezet
being weak man, his supporters would easily
be able TO mould him to their DESIRES and 80
establish the supremacy Of southern interests. B,t
1t appears that CansecO Is well aware OF thus plan
and the Prado supporters declare that he will throw
the weight OF his influence in their favor and they
assert that with such assistance and
with with the increasing popularity OF Prado In
Upon this matter your correspondent advances no
decided Judgment but 1t must be confessed that the
party working in Prado's behalf is certainly very
energetic and confident OF success. Balta in the
meantime Is consolidating his forces and appears to
De mighty indignant at the turn affairs have taken.
from the above 1t Will be seen that the political con-
dltion OF Peru is deporable the extreme, and this
country so rich in every one of natures gifts with
population composed OF men whose great fault Ii
their ignorance is in danger of being preciptated
into another OF those struggles which have almost
already ruined her. The aspect OF affairs between
Peru ana Chlle is not at all pleasant II must be re-
membered that PradO Is an honored guest in Chile,
and In case OF any rupture between the two coun-
tries Chile would eagerly embrace the opportunity 70
aid PradO with money arms and men, II appears.
however, that hls idea Is something after the style
of the play of Hamlet, with the Prince of Denmark
omitted. Prado will not stir from Chile at present,
and it is currently believed that unless his success ID
foregone conclusion he cannot be induced TO leave
On the 18th Of June the Inauguration Of the works
on the Arequipa Railroad is to take place. Mr..
arrange the prelimnaries, and the President, with
brilliant staff Is to be present at the ceremonies and
Is to cut the first turf or rather turn the first shovel
full OF sand. This road will be positive benefit TO
the south OF Peru and may influence In keeping that
part of the country tranquil Some Of the Outspoken
conspraOrs say that the Presidents absence will be
improved by the Inauguration in Lima Of their pro-
posed revolution, SO ut the same time we shall have
two public works OF importance In progress. 1t is
very probable, however, that II there Is any founda-
ton for the last repOrt-and the President s sure to
be informed OF 1.-THE trip will be postponed and the
portion OF the community greatly distressed at
the stormy prospect ahead, but do nothing to pre-
VcnC lnuee0, one OIL tne great causes OF JnlS
petual trouble in Peru Is the perfect apathy with
which the richer and more influential people regard
public affairs. They only busy themselves In their
The yellow fever is at last gradually disappearing.
The chilly weather which we have had recently has
worked wonders in dismissing our fearful visitant,
and we now can breathe with some degree of safety
Few foreigners have escaped. but numbers have
only suffered from slight attacks your correspondent
among the latter. One OF the editors OF the NdcOD
DR.. Natalie lrigOyen, died from the effects OF the
pestilence on the oath instant. His loss, both In So
ca and literary circles, Is already deeply and sin
cerey felt. There is no doubt that the visitation
we have experienced has been more severe than
those % annually suffered By New Orleans; Here IN
ants we have had for the past sixty days an average
mortality Of one hundred and fifty per diem. The
fever now has extended to the watering place OF
ChOrros where nearly all the fashionable society OF
Lima had res0red in order to avoid the plague. For
unaley, however the character of the disease there
is not so dangerous as It has been in Lima and
CallaO, and we are in hopes that in fortnight or
three weeks 1t will have entirely disappeared. One
great danger still existSthat OF it'll reappearanCe
next summer-and no foreigner should venture to
Peru in 1859 until after the months Of May and June.
The guano Of the Chincha islands Is disappearing
rapidly, and In the course OF ten months or year
will have gone entirely. The government B wen
aware OF this fact, and recently mas been appointing
unattached military officers as superntendents OF
the guano deposits on the northern coast OF the rel
pubic-the Gualape islands. These deposits con-
II not quite eSs is Very little Inferior 70 that Of the
Chinchas. Steps being taken likewise 70 trans.
from the Chnchas to these new deposits. Ships now
have to return from the Ghnchas to Calla0 to clear
but owing to the unfavOrable winds and the much
greater distance IL is stated that the gOvernm Mt
will declare the Guafape islands port OF clearance.
This, however. will be greatly opposed by the mer-
chants OF Calao, for such measure would clearly
be OF serious damage to tlem Besides these north
ern deposits OF guan0 there are many Others-sOme
found by private individuals, who sold their dis
cOvery to the government Peru Is still rich in guano.
An Instance OF the powerful monopoly existing In
English hands OF almost every branch OF trade upon
this coast has just occurred. Prado anxious to de-
velop Peruvian enterprise and to lay the corner
stone Of opposition to the English company granted
three government transports to Peruvian assOcia-
ton, which had been formed for the purpose OF COM
pettng with the Steam Navigation Company. Tho
Peruvian organization became very popular. i1
stock was eagerly subscribed to- and ater the
sary repairs had been efYected their steamers CON-
menced to do very good BUSINESS. PradO's gov.
ernment went still further, and offered to guarantee
the notes OF the company for &l00,0 In order 70
secure the construction Of more vessels. All this
was done, but not without an enormous amount Of
trouble, caused by the strenuous opposition Of tho
English company. which was losing heavily by Its
rivals success. This opposition was OF no avail,
however, until Prad0 fell and Cansec0 succeeded
him. then the powerful influence Of the English was
brought to bear In full force; the government with
drew Its guarantee, or rather declared that Prado
acted illegally In granting it, the stockholders be-
came alarmed, and the company now is In llqulda-
tion. Peruvian enterprise has fallen before strong,
m moi sh