davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1868-03-10

" iured themselves by certain secret habits
Enieh 1nnt them for business pleasure, the
men. who, from the folies of youth or other
causes, feel debility In advance Of their years,
before placing themselves under the tire time Mt OF
any one, should first read 1.-THE Secret Friend -
Married ladies' will learn somefhing Of i'm portsnoe
address, In q sealed envelope, on receipt of Is
CENTS. Address DR.. CHARLES A. STUART co,
Boz ton, Mass. iaa-Iy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1868-03-10

l. U Z Z Ut
FURNISHED House, rooms, CAPITOL Hill
one square fr"m the Ca pitol-s65 per month.
FURNISHED HOUSE on AZ street, close TO
City Ball, ii rooms.
GENTEELLY FURNISED HOUSE near tn
Presidents, IL rooms.
u. l.. WELLS 4 co,
nh lot Corner La. ave and 9th street
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1868-03-10
PERSONAL

NOTICE - HEREBY GIVEN thu. on Account
81 the death Of Edwin Green. the firm Of A.
GREEN 90. was dissolved SEPT I, 1877.
0kkSN stu continuing the business. m le-9
A CARD-fAsBI0NABLK DREss MAKING
a done. Also, the Art Of Cutti M taught, with
the chart. Price eS. Mrs. A. L. TRAYER. near
City Hall, No. * street. n 10 Ct
I EIT HOME ON SUNDAY MORNING rHOs.
IL kOk1TEN, - years old, round face. black
hair. had on blue suit and old brown hat. Any
Information will be thankfully received by his
22d and sd. NH 10 &c
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1868-03-10

WILTON j. sAFFOLD,
(ornlrly Of Mostsomsyy, AIaba1aJ
ATTORNkY AND C0UNSELLOR-AT-LAw.
WASHINGTON, ID. O.
once No. 49s D Street. Opposite the City Hail.
Will practice in the Supreme Court OF the Unitsa
States Court Of Claims, and the Courts OF the Dis
trict Of Columbia.
Claims and Department business viii receive
rompt Attention. se H.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1868-03-10

ID N o s.
One for SIS, one for so. two for 800 and sew.
ersl others ranging mp to 5tO0-taken in-RA
part pa yment for . wones. Will sell them pES9zz
on small payments IN nthly: UIHU
JOHN r. ELLIS,
sos Pennsylvania avenue,
NH 7-0 New Iron Front.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1868-03-10

DEMONGEOT,s
HAIR COLOR REGENERAToR.
Depot No. 279 Pennsylvania avenue, bet yeen
10th and llth streets.
Large assortment Of HUMAN HAIR WORK aud
PFRFUNERY. Wigs made to order. Ladies' and
Gentlemen's private rooms for L air dressing and
Cutting, and for the application of the Regeners-
tor. Also, for the of the Parisan PateSt Brush
Consultation free for the disease of the Hair
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
RecOnstructiOMi in Louisiana.

New ORLEANS, January 5.-The follow
ing order has just been promulgated:
"HEAuQrAkrERs FIFTH MILITARY DISTRICT,
NEW ORLEANS. January !, 1873.
-" General Orders No. L.
" Applications have been made at these
headquarters implying the existence Of an
arbitrary authority in the commanding
Generaltouchingpurely civil controversies.
One petitioner solicits this action, another
that, and each refers to some special con-
sideraton Of grace or favor, which he sup
poses to exist, and which should influence
this Department. The number of such ap-
plications, and the waste of time they in
volve, make it necessary TO declare that
the administration Of civil justice appcr-
tains to the regular courts. The rights Of
litgants do not depend on the views of the
General. They are to be adjudged and
settled according to the laws. Arbitrary
power, such as he has been urged to as
sumo, has no existence here. 1t is not
found in the laws of Louisiana or Texas.
1t cannot be derived from any act or acts
OF Congress. 1t is restrained by Consti-
tuition, and prohibited from action in many
particulars.
The Major General commanding takes
occasion to repeat that, while disclaiming
Judicial functions in civil cases, he can
suffer no torcible resistance to the execu-
uon OF processes of the courts.
BY command of Major General Hancock.
"L. HARTsUFF, A. A. G."
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
Clerk of an Alabama Court Removed
by General Swayne.

MONTGOMERY, ALA, January 6.-Gene-
raj Swayne issued the following order,
which was posted on the door of the clerk
of the County Circuit Court:
'DsPAaT.ENT OF CIVIL AFFAIRS.
"MoNTGoNsRY, January S, lSes.>
I" C. r. Hubbard, Esq.,. Cleric Of the Circuit
Court of Montgomery county, Ala.:
Sir,-By direction of the Brevet Ma
jor General commanding, you are hereby
suspended as clerk of the Circuit Court of
Montgomery county, and will accordingly
cease to perform the duties of such office
until further orders. Very respectfully,
your obedient servant,
SIS. G. GREEN, A. D. c."
The reasons for suspending Mr.. Hubbard
are as follows: On Saturday complaint
was filed in the clerks Office for person
named Frank Williams, who claimed $780,
900 damages against General Wager
Swayne for false imprisonment, and the
clerk issued summons against Swayne to
answer the complaint. As it was thought
Swayne would leave Sunday morning, Mr..
Hubbard directed the sheriff, if Swayne
could not be found at headquarters, to 60 to
his private rooms and serve the process.
The sheriff did so, and on Monday Mr..
Hubbard was removed from office.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
Libel suits in Enslnnd.,


LONDON, December 81 Is67.-A case of
great importance to the English press, aud
also, as a precedent, to the press Of the
United States, was decided yesterday in
the Court of Queens Bench by the Lord
Chief Justice and special jury. Mr..
Rigby Mason presented q petition to Par
lament last session accusing the Chief
Baron, Sir Fitzroy Kelly, with having
pledged his honor to false statement some
thirty-two years ago. For reporting the
debates upon this absurd petition, and for
commenting upon these debates editori-
ally, Mr.. Mason brought libel suit against
the Times. The jury found for the de-
fendant, Of course; but the important
point was that the Lord Chief Justice en-
phatically and authoritatively declared that
fair and impartial report Of Parliamen-
tary debates was matter of privilege, as
was also an honest aud candid editorial
upon the subject. This decision will cover
all newspaper reports OF, public meetings,
and is Of inestimable value in protecting
the press from annoyance. No similar de-
cision has ever been given in England be-
fore, and none, I think, in the United
States.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
TELEGRAPIIIC NEWS.

General Granger will Probably be
Appointed Military Commander OF
rAIabama-The, Project OF Making
One Military Department OF all che
Military Districts meets with Little
Favor, DC.
Special telegram to the Dispatch. -
WASHINGTON, January 6.-There is a
probability that the President will appoint
General Gordon Granger military CON-
mander Of Alabama, in place of General
Swayne. 'as ..
Mr. Boutwell's resolution, to-day, IN
curing into the expediency of making one
military department of all Eve military
districts, and giving the appointment of
district commanders to General Grant,
has but few advocates so far as now known.
The Senate is decidedly opposed to the
project.
A telegram from Mobile was received
to-day by the President, signed by all the
members of the bar, requesting the ap-
pointment of Hon. E. Grandson as United
States District Attorney for Alabama, in
place of Martin, who shot Judge Busted.
WALLACE.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07

Mr.. Thomas Will Probably not be
Allowed to take his Seat-Senat0r
Howe surprises Everybody-A New
Minister to Chilli to be Appointed
Soon, DC.
Special telegram to the Dispatch.
WASHINGTON, January 6.-Indications in
the Senate to-day are that Mr.. Thomas,
senator from Maryland, will not be per-
mitted to take his seat.
Senator Howe, Republican, surprised
everybody, and the Radicals in particular,
by taking the ground that the Senate has
not constitutional power to reject regu-
larly-elected representative of State
when that representative is ready to take
the oath prescribed by Congress.
Mayor Hoffman will attend the banquet
here on Wednesday night; the President
also. r7.1 -
A new Minister to China, in place of
Burlingame, will be appointed soon. Bur-
lingame has not resigned, but his accept
ance of Office under the Emperor of China
is treated by the President as virtual re-
signation.
The reception of the Presidents daugh-
tiers tonight was brilliant. 1t was attend
ed by members of the Cabinet, Judges of
the Supreme Court, foreign diplomats,
congressman and their wives and families.
WALLACE.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07

SENSIBLE ADVICE OF ( CoLoRED
PREAcHER.-Dr. J. G. Brown, venerable
colored preacher, publishes in the Louis
vile Courier letter addressed to the
freedmen Of Mississippi:
u hear with sorrow, pain, and regret
mat many of you have been advised to
Selze upon the lands Of your former owners,
either by force or instruction. now
oeseech you, for Gods sake, to take the
advice of one and many of your friends
identified with you in prosperity and adj
'eFS!ty. ANY man or set Of men that
would encourage you to pursue such an
unlawful course surely must be yourmost
,hVeterate enemy, desiring your utter ex-
termination from the face of the earth, like
unto the poor Indian, let them be whites,
blacks, or mulattoes. Yea, while your
selves, wives, and children were suffering
by fire and sword, such men would dance
In sight of your miseries."
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
From Washtueson.
WASHINGTON, January. 6.-Mr. Thorn.
Ton, the English Minister, will REOPEN nego

WASHINGTON, January. 6.-Mr. Thorn
ton, the English Minister, will REOPEN nego-
tiations relative to the cotton claims.
The pressure to employ negroes on the
work of rebuilding the Mississippi levees
is becoming strong. Numberless letters
are received by the President urging it.
The President has received q dispatch
from Mobile, signed by many lawyers,
asking the appointment of E. Grandson in
place Of Martin, the District Attorney
who shot Judge Busted. u
The revenue receipts to-day were $685.
600. The customs receipts for the week
are s2,oOo,oO0
The State Department has official ad-
vices of the resignation of the Japanese
Tycoon in favor of the Mikado. Great
excitement prevailed in that country.
Osaco and Hiogo would be open ports on
the 1st of January. The opening of Yeddo
and port on the west coast had been de-
layed till April.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
Explosion of the Steamer Harry
Dean-Several Lives Lost.

CINCINNATI, January 4.-The stern
wheel steamer Harry Dean, bound from
Marietta to Cincinnati, exploded her boiler
at half-paat 10 o'clock this morning two
miles below Gallipolis, caught fire, and
burned to the waters edge. The following
casualties are reported {: Captain Sayer,
commander of the Harry Dean, slightly
injured; Captain Booth and son, slightly
injured; Captain Burch, seriously injured !;
First Engineer Crane, slightly injured ;
John Haines, fireman, fatally injured
Captain Biggs, of Ashland, KY, killed,
and his body lost; Captain Norton, OF
Wheeling, killed, and his body lost; one Of
the cabin boys fatally injured; Mr. Mum
son, barkeeper, seriously injured L: T.
Ryan, of Washington county, Ohio,
seriously injured; Harry Bayes, slightly
injured. The cook and second steward
are missing. Five persons in all are sup
posed to be killed.
The steamer Edinburg took off the sur
vivors and brought them to Gallipolis
The Dean had heavy cargo on board
which is total loss. Her books and
papers are also lost.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07

THE VISIT OF Mr.. DAVIS TO HAyLsA.-
ar. Jefferson Davis, on arriving at Ha.
yana on the 25th ultimo, took rooms at the
Hotel Cubano. AT night, accompanied by
the captain and purser Of the steamer,
Mr.. Davis and wife visited the Place of
Isabel H., and entering the Hotel Ingla-
terfa, went out on the balcony, where they
passed few moments viewing the large
crowd promenading. Mr.. Guarco, the
proprietor, offered the best rooms. in the
house to Mr.. Davis, which were, of course,
oechned. He insisted that Mr.. Davis and
party should partake of champagne and
o1her refreshments, and these they &C
,epted. Mr.. Davis and party then visited
.ue Theatre Tacon, where he was the cy-
n'Hu'e Of all eyes. Numbers of persons
.hncd upon him at his hotel, and were
niuch pleased with his manners and ap-
teafance. Mr.. Davis was never in better
"eai'h. lie was quite courteous and is al
s %ays disnihed. He spoke Of the Cubs as q
1'ie BOAT, said he had fine trip, and really
S ~ti1 to be in a good humor with the
y ~nole world. So says letter from Ha-
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07

The EARTHQUAKE AT GALVESTON, TEXAS.
The NeacS of the 18th ultimo says: The
reports Of two shocks of an earthquake
to-day come to US from various quarters of
the city. In the Hendley building, per-
sons in the Office of Messrs. Arthur Il.
Edey s. Kristen, as we'll as in the Office of
Messrs. William Hendley & Co., felt and
noticed the vibrations also in the South
wick building, in the store Of Messrs.
Dutfau, Davidson g. Robira, gentleman
was thrown from his chair by the shock,
receiving severe bruise by the fall. A
number of persons noticed and report to
us the unusual shaking, and we are Of the
opinion there is something going on out of
The common order of occurrences. This
confirms our report of last week. The
strongest confirmation Of an earthquake
we have is the testimony of gentleman
who was driving on the beach yesterday in
the vicinity Of the wreck of the Prince
Albert, some miles below the city. He
AYERS that when just opposite the old
steamer 8 shock was felt as Of the tearing
asunder the very earth, whereby he was
precipitated from his seat aud landed head
northward in the sand hills. Upon regain
ing his upright position he discovered that
the wreck had disappeared.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07

HEAVY RoBBERY.-Mr. Richard Glass,
who, keeps grocery and family supply
store on the Campbell Courthouse turn
pike, on the suburbs of the city, came into
town yesterday, leaving the store in charge
of small white boy who assisted him.
Not long after Mr.. Glass's departure, two
negroes entered the store and asked for
some meal. The boy went to the bin to
help them, when the negroes seized him
and pitched HMM, sitting his cries by shut
ting down on him the lid of the bin. They
then opened the money drawer and took
from it $3.50, which they carried away,
leaving behind them no clue which is likely
to lead to their Identification. The boy
was released by Mrs. Glass, who heard the
noise, but arrived too late to prevent the
obbery.-Lynchburg Republican.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
The Markets.

NEW YORK, January 6-Noon.-Flour
5@l0c. better. Wheat firm. Corn shade
higher. Rye quiet. Oats excited, and
1@2c. better. Pork dull at s2l. Lard
steady at l2L@l3Lc. Cotton lower at
1910. Freights firm. Turpentine quiet
at 81 nc. Rosin quiet; strained, So. Stocks
active and lower. Money, GOT per cent.
Sterling, l1O1a9l1OA. Gold strong at
l351s@l35A. 5-2O's, old, 1855; new,
1045s.
Eueaing.-Cotton dull and declined 40
bc.; sales $500 bales at 1614@l6%c.
Flour in fair demand State, So 90g$l1.l0;
southern, $1O.4O@$l5. Wheat firm. Corn
dull; western mixed, Sl.399Sl.4O. Oats
buoyant with large speculative inquiry,
and advanced 192c.; western, S6aGS71@c.
Mess pork, S2l. Lard firm. Groceries
quiet and steady. Turpentine, 81 1a@52a
Rosin, S2.s7%@$7. Freights firmer.
Governments closed steady. 5-20's, '62,
coupons, lO9. Virginia 6's, As. Tennessee
6's, 5815. Money plenty-discounts quiet
at 1908. Gold, 1858, and firm. Stocks
active and strong.
BALTIMORE, January 6.-Cotton dull at
Ice. Flour quiet and unchanged. Wheat
firm; prime to choice southern red, $3.50
@S2.85. Corn firm; white, S1.1S@$1.22 !;
yellow, $1.2O@$1.25. Oats dull at 7O@75c.
Rye dull at Sl.68. Provisions nominally
unchanged.
ST. LOUIS, January 6.-Flour unchanged.
Corn-Shelled, S9@92c.: ear, 7687Sc. Pro-
visions-Nothing doing.
CINCINNATI, January 6.-Flour and corn
steady and unchanged. Mess pork-Old,
$40; new, s2l. Lard, 124c. Bacon un-
changed. Whiskey dull.
CHARLESTON, January Cotton dull
and lower sales, 400 bales; receipts, 400
bales; middling, 151a916c.
AUGUSTA, January 6.-Cotton dull and
lower; sales, 300 bales; receipts, 42O;
middling, 14Ac.
SAVANNAH, January 6.-Cotton opened
quiet and steady, and closed dull at de-
cline; middling, l434c.; sales, ,422 bales
receipts, 3,848 bales:
New ORLEANS, January Sugar in
fair demand; common, 9AG9Ac.; fair,
l2L@l26c.; choice, IA. Molasses &C
tive common, 55c. Cotton easier; mid
dlings, 15M9l5kc.; sales, 1000 bales
receipts since Saturday, 1880 bales; e1-
ports, 5,O65 bales.
LONDON, January 6-Noon.-Consols,
9216G92L. United States bonds, 72G
72S. afternoon. Consols, s23s. Eue-
ninq.-Consols, 92as. United States bonds,
III. At Frankfort, United States bonds
are 76A. Z
LIVERPOOL, January 6-Noon.-Cotton
opened steady; estimated sales, $4,000
bales; uplands, 713d.; Orleans, fAd'
Breadstufs steady and unchanged. Com
mon Wilmington rosin, 6s.; medium to fine
lis. Turpentine, 27s. Afternoon.-Cot
ton not so active sales will not exceed
10000 bales; prices declined; uplands
7akd. Lard, 49s. cd. Tallow, AS. Eus'
ning.-Cotton easier /; prices unchanged
Common rosin, IS. Cd.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
HarsY Tin,en.

The following items, collected from diff.
ferent sections Of the country, show the
depression that prevails in nearly every
branch of business. It Is difficult to see
where we can look for an improvement.
Indeed, it is probable that the condition
of the country will be worse before it is
better:
The Memphis Avalanche says there are
twenty Thousand starving negroes in that
city.
The wages of the factory operatives Of
Midtown, North Stonington, Connecticut,
were cut down twenty per cent. on the LIST
instant. 1'dta
Notice has been given the operatives Of
several of the Fall River cotton mills that
there will be reduction of from ten to
eighteen per cent. in their wages on and
after January list.
The Fond du Lac (Wisconsin) Common
1oealh says that the Chicago and North
western Railroad have reduced the wages
of all laborers in their employ from 81 rs
to $l.25 per day. They have also reduced
the number Of their section hands one
half.
I The New York Times learns through
correspondents in various parts Of the
southern States that very considerable
numbers ofpeople are moving away from
there to the North, and still larger num-
bers are preparing to move away in the
spring. The idea has taken firm posses
sion of the southern mind that their sec
ton is destined to ruin, poverty, and negro
supremacy in the future, and they COM
plain that their hopes Of better times have
at last left them 1t is the fear Of the
blacks, however, that most troubles them.
More than $50 families in Trenton, n.
j., are supported by charity, now that the
factories have stopped, and it is almost as
bad in other manufacturing places.
In the Pittsburg nail mills the employees
have accepted reduction of 1625 per
cent.
The employees on the Chicago and Great
Eastern railroad have struck again for
their back pay, and will allow only engines
with single mail car to be run.
The 400 operatives in Higgins's carpet
factory, at New York, struck on Monday,
December 30th, in consequence of re-
duction Of 10 per cent. in their wages.
Mr.. Abbott Lawrence, of Boston, re-
Gently stated to gentleman in Washing
ton that, manufacturing company in
which they were both Interested was
losing 81 900 per day. Other corporations
are losing in the same ratio. This state of
things manifestly cannot long continue.
These corporations must stop work. What
then? One hundred thousand people will
be thrown out of employment in Massa-
chusetts alone, 10000 in New Hampshire,
10000 in Maine, and 10000 in Connecti-
cut and Rhode Island. In all $4,000 per-
sons, male and female, old and young.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
Correspondence OF the New York Express.


ST. DOMINGO, December l8.-The Domi-
nican Congress has finally resolved to grant
the bay and peninsula of SANTANA to tho
United States on perpetual lease for q
mail and naval station, or rather for q
great commercial centre for the intercoast
trade Of America. The measure was finally
adopted in secret session on the 18th (the
day before yesterday and on the 10th
(to-morrow) an envoy extraordinary will
start for Washington with the ultimatum.
What that is can only be conjectured; but
probably the old three conditions" and
the price will be something like million
down, and an annual rent Of $4,000 per
year. AS the plan was discussed in secret
session, all that is really known is what has
dropped from the discontinued, and what
few trusted ones know of the proffers of
MIR: Seward
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
Observation-Disclosures BURGH'

: DESTRIANIsM-CAPTAIN BURGH 8
FEAT-SEvENTY. FIVE MILES IN TWENTY
FOUR HoURs.-In our last edition we pub
lished the fact of the commencement OF
his attempt to walk seventy five miles in
twenty four hours with soldiers KNAPP
sack and accoutrements for q stake of
$4,000 by Captain ]. D. Burgh. The start
was made at ten minutes past o'clock on
Tuesday afternoon, on the Dexter Park
course. The pedestrian was attired in
soldiers clothing, carrying muSket and
knapsack, the combined weight Of which
was forty-four and one-half pounds. A
small number of people were in attendance
to witness the start. Burgh was accompa-
MED by Busy, the pugilist. He started off
briskly, and ct six minutes before O'Clock
he halted for supper, having completed
sixteen miles of the entire distance.
He resumed his march at ten mi
nutes to 7 o'clock, and kept on his
way in the midst Of the snow, which had
commenced falling briskly, and which
continued during the first part of the night.
At IL O'Clock, midnight, the pedestrian
halted, for the snow in which he had been
walking melted about his feet, causing
them to swell within the light CATERS in
which they were encased. He had to cut
these latter off, and exchanged them for q
pair of heavy over-shoes. Up to this time
he had walked at the rate of four and a
half miles an hour. But with the over
shoes and the cumbrousness of the heavy
overcoat which he had been obliged to
don, his pace was necessarily slackened.
At twenty minutes past IL he resumed his
march, and continued until o'clock, when
he rested for fifteen minutes. At 7
o'clock he stopped again for thirty mi
nutes, having averaged nearly four
miles an hour since midnight. At
half past 8 O'Clock he halted for break
fast, and in half hour more was again on
the tramp, with but eleven miles to make.
At sixteen minutes past o'clock on the
afternoon of New Years day he completed
his task, having forty three minutes to
spare. He YVES apparently little fatigued,
and with the exception Of badly swollen
feet, showed no effect of his arduous labor.
That he performed the entire distance as
stipulated is certified to by ten or fifteen
persons, who remained awake on the
course during the whole time.
Burgh is a German, and twenty three
years of age. He weighs 1856 pounds and
stands five feet five inches in height. He
had no training before commencing his un-
dertaking. He enlisted at the age of six
teen, and was five years in the service. He
is confident of his ability to walk 100 miles
in twenty-four hours Chicago Tribune.
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-01-07
Startling Exposure.

NEWARK, N. j., January 5.-A company
of people, cloaking their designs under the
garb of spiritualism, has been broken up
in the Tenth Ward of this city, and their
leader, man named McEwan, arrested.
They were accustomed to personate
Adam and Eve, Jesus Christ, the Virgin
Mary, aud other sacred characters, in a
state of nudity, and exposing themselves
to the public gaze.