The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-09-04
BOOK REVIEW.
About Commercials.

AsOut CoUntericits.
The first number Of objective Manual and ON
GERS Guide, "designcd to be published and completed
in twelve monthly parts has made its appearance
and full OF valuable information TO all gentlemen
engaged in the police service and men OF business
generally. The publisher Samuel Chaplin, Spring
field Mass premises that assistant to officers In
manual form having long been felt, this work
will supply the deficiency, and hopes 1t will be
appreciated Each number will contain correct
photographs OF prominent criminals, descrip-
| tons Of dangerous coulterfeits and vocab
ulary Of slang terms used by thieves ant
burglars. 1t Will also contain sketches of the haun
OF villains generally and furnish such legal informa
non to officers as will materially help them to under
standingy discharge their duties The August mum.
Der has photographs OF sixteen men and women,
thieves pckpockets and murderers; abstracts of
legal decisions and opinions regarding arrests; duties
OF officers, list OF all the Sherfs in the United
States, and the following article, which of general
Interest,"
ABOUT COUNTERFBITs.
The general principle upon which the detection
Of counterfeit notes Is based Is that nearly all parts
OF genuine notes are engraved by machinery while
all parts OF counterfeit are engraved by hand
with some exceptions. The machinery for engrav.
ing genuine notes Is very elaborate and costly.
The various kinds Of work on genuine bank notes
are:-
l. Geometrical lathe work, which Is composed OF
circles, figures and squares formed by network Of
cessfully initiated. In genuine figures the lines
break or lose themselves, but can be traced by
means Of strong lens CSunterieits vii! fall in two
the naked eye will be dull and sunken; the figures
will be lighter and darker In spots: second the same
figures will not be alike. In genuine notes the i'm
preston beautiful, clear, raised one, old govern
ment fractional currency excepted.
lei lnea 4 used for the shading of letters p"' In
genuine the shade should be an even pale gray one,
and no one part should be darker than the other.
rf.ttl will hnUn Inv
two shadings Will have the same appearance. The
| lines Will be liable TO be crooked.
3. Medallion ruling engine work IL composed of
waved lines. 1t is used in medallion heads, raised
shields and raised work IN large figures. The
dark lines approach near to each other and the lines
never break In the genuine figures; In counterfets
the lines break OIL, are forked and Irregular. some
coarse and some fine. The effect Of counterfeit
engraving Is dull and sunken; the fiat expression Is
| most striking.
1. vignettes are generally done by hand. It is
rare to see fine vgnettes counterfeit notes
abongh this rule cannot entirely be depended nnon
Notice the hair eyes skin and drapery. fingers. toes
&C. CounterfeIts fail oftener In portraits than In
outdoor scenes and give them a sunken and life.
| less expression. Counterfeit vgnettes cannot be
the same on counterfeits as they are on genuine
8. solid prints can be initiated. The lettering IL
generally done by first class artist; the name of the
engraving company Is always engraved on genuine
notes with great In counterfets 1t Ia more or
| less uneven The use OF solid print Is TO prevent
| alterations. When the denomination IL engraved
across the face OF the bill In genuine notes the shades
| are even, in counterfeit notes they are uneven.
g. The Perkins plate is check back usually printed
in reddish brown or black, mostly Superseded
Drections-Look at the general appearance OF
the note, cast your eye across 1t that II there
| Is anything wrong 1t will catch your eve,
examine the various parts, the geometrical lathe
work shading OF the letters, ruling engine work ex-
| anime vgnettes and portraits, examine the solid
print and engravcr's name. The Ink should be clear
and glossy, without smutty appearance: the paper
should be composed OF linen, good quality varies In
thckness Is not always bad when thin. There Is no
sure protection against signatures except to be ac-
auanted with the signatures VI the officers OF the
bank. The note may be genuine except the sigma.
ture; remember that single part Of the counterfeit
spos the whole. Genuine bills sometimes shorter
than others.
two WAYS; one by raising the denomination two by
changing bills from broken bank TO q good bank:
denominations are always altered az by FASTING: to
detect an altered bill hold 1t up to the ilQht.
the pasted p parts VIII De darker; l9 by taking
In higher one. In this case the ink will not be the
same as the original. The work will not compare
with the original The acid used in taking ont the
original denomination will spread q little iniurin9
acid. alterations from broken banks TO Qood ones
require close examination Notice the name ~
bank he signature Of oficer (which has always TO
be removed and name OF State or town. -
NEW NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. BANK BILLS coUN.
Raised Bills-10s raised from H. yipnette
Of Is two female figures with hands clasped
one pointing upwards. los have figure OF FRANKLIN,
bill Is De soto discovering the Mississippi O, back
OF Is Is the Landing OF the Pilgrims. Well done.
COS altered from 6s. The biAs were altered from s 10
50s by FASTING 80" on the on the corner and over
the ''hve In the centre. II will be well 10 look out
for them. zoos raised from on the national banks
are IN circulation. IHr
Peoples' National Bank, jackson M,cb-5s imita.
lion. inc pIlI r0ughlv executed. The signatures OF