The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-07-15
THE NEW TREATY WITH CHINA,

The new treaty completed by Mr.. Arson Burling-
game in behalf Of the Chinese empire with the United
States is perhaps, the most important, all things
considered, that has ever been made between two
nations so peculiarly situated as are those OF Asia
and America, for the first time brought into practi-
cal and unrestricted relations with each other.
Under this treaty now in the hands OF the Senate
Committee on Foreign Relations China is to freely
open her territory to all the world-that Is, to all
who are disposed to formally recognize her integ
rity as nation. Her ports, without exception,
are also to be opened to the commerce OF
maritime people. Foreigners, wherever they
may travel within the pale OF the laws of the
empire, are to be protected in property and person
by its municipal enactments. Nor Is this all; full
freedom is accorded in matters of education, religion
and trade In a word whatever an alien solourning
In any civilized State OF Europe America may de-
mand in the matter OF guidance and protection, that
the Emperor Of China, through his government and
officers, is solemnly bound to extend 10 those who
relying fully the faith OF the treaty shall venture
within his jurisdiction
In return for these privileges, the treaty provides
that eminent domains shall inhere in the
Emperor OF China that the integrity and equality OF
China as a nation among the nations shall
be accorded without qualification by the United
States; that the cooie trade shall be inhibited but
the right OF voluntary emigration fully accepted be.
tween the subscribing powers; that China shall be
full y placed on footing of equality with the most
favored natons-which, OF course permits the open
ing OF consulates by the Chinese government in the
ports OF the United states and the sending 70 the
national capital 10 represent the Emperor OF China
minister plenipotentiary; and finally the right to
conduct Its internal AFFAIRS without question by the
representatives of other governments or remote
TO the seat of its government.
N tba
is brief and to the point, is the embodiment OF
MI. Arson Burlingame's speech at the banquet ten
dered to the Legation by the Chamber OF Commerce
a few weeks ago. In that speech the orator took up
the cooperative policy which hitherto has been
uniformly acted upon by the representatives OF the
nations AT Pekin holding commercial relations with
the great empire in Eastern ASIA policy now for
the first time thrown into official form, and which,
guaranteed OF its integrity, will permit the Chinese
government and people to put aside all exclusive.
ness and at and for the future freely commngle
with the nations OF the earth.
This treaty, simple and yet suggestive, will prove
Of invaluable benent to China, and not more so for
her than for the world at large. When this treaty,
which undoubtedly will be ratified BY the Senate of
the United States, with perhaps few unmportant
amendments, Is, or one similar In view II not IN
language, accepted by the Powers of Europe, 1t
OF foreign influence and interference, that The
nations with which they have held at best but
restricted intercourse for ages have no
desire to act towards them In other than
q straightforward manner; and further, 1t will
convince them that the Western nations are
even DESTROYS OF according to them rights and priv
leges which ordinarily are withheld by those who
aim especially in Europe, Of restricting the right Of
public worship, II not that Of conscience Thus for
example is the right guaranteed 70 al who emigrate
=, his part Of the American continent to set up
W W. o. - ss-1fr La "A q . sa,-s-s.
questioned their own affairs anu worship their gods
en- them as education, enlightenment or conscience
may direct.
Apart from these things, which are OF a secondary
character, the treaty I'VE speak OF IL as already rat
nedl recognizes, nrst that eminent domain resides
Il tne oeraop q the Chinese Emperor; second aud
as corolsry, the integrity Of the empire; third Its
equality among the nations; fourth, the guarantee
Of rights Of protection to his the Emperor'sl sub
jects; nfth religious federation; sixth, reciprocal
educational privileges seventh, emigration, or the
rights OF access and settlement within the jursdc-
tons OF the two nations, and eighth the opening 10
commerce Of all accessible ports In the Two coun-
tries