New-York tribune., 1868-10-09

acros II + i've / shah surely triumph in the
eud; AMI Hm now proiung by the engineer
me of Mr. Irines Call whose experience in the
Central a. lolD aud Prospect Brookyil Parks If %,
decided value. Hutu good outlet, fll, is essential
To- c.sv success in draining that every who shall
I @ ,c s,i Of or least two feet fail from hi. lowest
unnt al Hood iu Spring before he cut his first dram.
or all unpr0n able work buryng tiles where water will
itt,s oic S,v sometimes the other until they
choke with u and become utterly useless Is most dis
couraging. But thorough understanding Is the basis OF
ol lasting improvement ~ firm or garden culture and
should either drain swamps thoroughly, or pro
vide for flooding them in the Winter and lay them down
10 cranberics doubt that this latter is IN Iuany
cases the wiser dispositions except where the vicinity of
Il city village IOrIds u from due regard To others
health. But taB swamp Is close by hamlet which Is
soon be quiic - village: must and shall be drained
and tat th"roushy done, WI! DC ehedp at S2VV per per
fertility to patch Of Western prairie III hYe, IL shall
yet come TO. .
My barn is fair success. placed it the shelf OF
my HILL nearest 10 the upper eHs side Of my place, be-
cause Il barnyard s manufactory of fertilizers from
down hl than up / built It's walls wholly of stones
gathered blasted from the adjacent slope to the eh
tent Of four or five thousand tuns. and laid in box
with thin mortar of Qittle lime and (much sand ming
all the mtcrstccs and binding me whole IN solid nass
I'm my walls are nearly solid rock, while the roof Is
OF Vermont slate. drive into three stores-a basement
for stable for animals and story above ms
for hay. while gram Is pitched INTO the oit
above from whose floor the ROOF rises steep
to a hight Of sixteen to eighteen feet. There
air; but my barn is convenient. mperylous
frost aud am confident hat cattle are wintered III ~
santies WITH cracks between the boards that VIII adlalt
of rural economy i smofe
than tho habitu exposure OF eur animals 10 pelilhg
chilling storms and 10 intense cold Building with CON
crete is still novel y and was tr more 50 zen ears ago
when built my barn. ] could now bnlld belter ana ana
cheaper but glad that need not calculate that
this barn VII he abdnsy nselm % og @ nss s ta have have
my ettered its front, II would nave ieinancu
there honor builder long after II had ceased 10
JEfFFRsoN DAVIS.
The President Of the Southern C0niederacy was chosen
by capable. reSoute artocracy, reference
to the arduOs task directly before HIM The choice WIS
deliberate and apparently wise MI Davis was III the
prime offe his natural abilities were good ms
training varied and thorough He had been educated at
West Point which Win al ITS faults 1uage nsd Tue deSI ~
our little Army in peace and "a Colonel of EoluneeIsln IN
the Mexican War rennng TO- clf satc agd Taoe had
been elected the Senate, and there met IN courteous
been four years Secretary of War under President Pierce
and had Immediately on his retiring from mat post Dteh
returned 10 the Senate, whereof ms admirers syleu h
the Cicero aud WHEREOF ne cohthueu mtupel 1nt
not without manifest relucance-he resigned ana re-
turned TO Mississippi to east ms future fortunes INTO the
seething caldron Of Secession ana Dl.ehyn ~ con-
pared with the homey country lawyer Abraham Lincoln
reared in poverty and obscury with none other than
common school educatOn and precious little ~ thati
whose familiarity with public affairs was confined To
three sessions Of the Illinois Legislature and single tetm
In the House OF RcprcSentatNts-t Woud seem ha tho
advantage of ceftains was largely on the side OF the
COnfederacy -
The contrast between them striking hut mper
feet: for each thoroughly IN earnest thoroughly per
suaded Of the Justice OF the cause whereof he stood
forth the foremost champion, ana slgnaly gttcd win
quality which. In the successful u termed tcnacy
in the uckess. obsnacy. Nj. Lincoln was rcmarkably
devoid Of that magnetic quality which Thrills the masses
with enthusiasm, rendering them needless OF sacrifice
and nsensihe 10 danger; Mr. Davis was nowisc dsiln-
euished by lis possession As the preacher OF crusade
either Of Them had many superiors But Mr. Davis care
fully hnproycd-as SIR. Lincoln did not-evety oppor-
tuuy 10 proclaim his own undou1ung anh ia the
iustice OF his cause. and lahnred 10 dlausc that
conviction widely as possible Ills cc' ssNe
and other maufesoes were wei calculated 10 dspl thc
doubts and nllmc the zeal Of those who regarded him
their chief while. apart from MS fst Inaugural ana
his brief speech 10 the Gcttysbufe celopIlon UT LIN
coin made little of his many opportunities 10 demon
the justice and necessity Of the War Tor The Union
Mr. Davis after the fortunes 0i h7 Conedeiacy Waucd
was loudly accused OF fayoritism In the allotment Of
Military trusts lie is said 10 have distrusied aud under
valued Joseph Johnston which, So was grave error
for proved himself able and trusN nrthy
not great military gcnus-neyer bldndeter
aster His displacement in Ca bY Hood. a. Commander
but II more dcfensibe than tho appointment OF al
lock as Gencraln Chief of our armies directly after his
failure on lhe lennc7Sc'' hl'ss nni'u a. i' -, y.
Daviss pets; bat Bragg seemed 10 nave proven nhsri
good soldier and 20 have shown decided capacity ~ me
battle Of stone River though he va. Ultimately ohhgcd
TO leave the Held Aud tie c.e 10 ho',clas icinDet'
ton was accounted another ~ Davss ovcrfaed favor
ites but Pemberton. being OF Northern BIRTH never
fFly trusted nor fairly Judged by his compatrots ON
fun survey Of the ground Judge that Davis eNncei
respectable brilliant, capacities in his stormy aud
trying Presidential career, and tat ms Puahcal allohh
for the post equal 10, while his faults were no
greater than, Mr. Lincolns
who extrayagntly exaggerated hi merits while their
cause seemed To prosper and a. uJu-ty nagnitcd hs
faults and shortcomings from the moment wherein thor
star first ysbly waned. They were ready to make him
lsGs. Having rushed INTO "ht IN uhuouDhe eouHuehe.
inevitable they were ast"undeda al
their defeat and mpced to believe That Their resources
had been dssipated and their armies overwhelmed
through mismanagemcnt. They were IKE the idohter.
who adOres his god after victory but Ho6s MN Whch
baiefnl mischauce saved Mr. Davis from The fate Of
AS lost and realized that he no longer President
but fugitive and outlaw he was surprised aud assaed
while making his way through Georgia to The Florida
coast with intent 10 escape from the country W two regi
ments of Union cavalry. and captured. am confident
9g.a Tine mt Htye
vived-certalny not, II our shrcwd and hnd-hearied
President could have prevented ~ But MS murder had
temporarily maddcued the millions who loved aud
trusted him and his successor, sharing and lniaming
the popular frenzy mad put forth Proclamation charg
Davis Others with conspiracy to procure that
murder. and Offering large rewards Tor their arrest as
traitors and assassns Captured IN ul view OF the Pro
camaton he might have been forthwith tried 10y adrum-
head court martial organized To convict found guilty
sentenced and put 10 death
Savannah thence shipped 10 Fortress Monroe aud there
closely Imprisoned with aggravations Of harsh aud az
seems) needless ndignity. An indictment treason
was found against him but he remained military prs
oner i'm close a for nearly two years before even pre-
tense made OF arralgning hn for trial
Meantime, public sentiment had become more rational
and discriminating Davis still intensely and widely
detested visible embodiment the responsible head
OF the Rcbeon but no one now seriously urged mat he
be tried by Court Martial and shot onhand nor was 1t
certain that respectable body OF officers could be found
subserve such end To send him before civil rl-
bunal and allow hun fair trial was morally certain To
result defeat Of the prosecution through disagreement
Of the jury oncrwse for no opponent OF the Republic
party, whether North or sout would agree 10 hnd
him guilty. And there grave doubt whether he could
be legally convicted, now that the charge Of
melting Wilkes Booths crime had been tacitly
abandoned. Mr. Webseri had only given clearer
expressions to the general American doctrine
that after n revolt has levied regular army and
fought herewith pitched battle. its champions
though utterly defeated cannot he tried and convicted
ae traitors. This may be extreme statement; but,
surely rebellion which has for years maintained great
armies levied taxes and cOnscrpuOns negotiated loans
fou ght Of sangliuary battles with alternate
reyeses and exchanged tens Of thousands OF
prisoners Of hardly fan 10 have achieved thereby
the position and the rights of lawful bcgcTent. Just
suppose the (nOwse inprobablc) Of two Commission
for the exchange OF rrske Milford and Ould
for exanple-who had for years been meeting 10 settle
f0rnalles and exchange boat loads Of prisoners Of
until at length-the power represented by one OF them
having been utterly vanquIshed and broken dOwnthat
one s arrested 10y the traitor and the other