New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1868-02-26
IRON AND STEEL.

AAANNANNNNN
How ENGLAND AND FRANCE CAN UNDER
SELL AMERICA. WHILE We PRODUCE WITH
HISS LABOR THAN THEY!
We are compelled to omit those portions of
MT HeweLs report which describe the specimens Of ore
and nrodnets of iron and steel exhibited at the fxpOs
ton and new processes employed in their manufacture,
aud the works at which they made This informa-
ton though forming the body and main object Of LIS re-
port is Of interest only to those practically engaged III
the iron aud steel manufacture and is too yolupOns 70
be inserted heie The following the conclusion Of Ms
report. aud presents those general considerations i
tive 70 the worlds for the manufacture OF %
and steel and the social condition of those engage %
which viii interest tho general reader
TaR Production OF IRON .,
Allowing for te production IN barp.rV h tfsd in
Hmethirg for tho OF scrap r0n IL may %
round hunters that the production ana cOusCIuehuS
te consumption OF the w"d baS rTaCn rds. So tlat II
fle population Of tie world has reached loOoOpE~ a
nsrefnl colculaton after allowing for the iron eX.
ported. shows that nc CONSUMPTION Per hcaI ~ ~
+ pounds Of iron. The consumption IN Begium mas
reached about the same limits The consumption IA
Trance is e9 pounds per heed ana ~ INC tmed eatss
not far nom 100 pounds per mead II inc INDUSTRY oi c
whole world thoroughly developed as ~ Is IN
nearly 100000 TINS per annum. n brought TO the
standard Of the United States little less than 5oOOVO
,io oyc S Si w WoSiS be to be
increased further by the steady increase OF population IN
It win nc interesting Therefore to inquire into the
Of future supply possessed by the majors upon
this demand must coiue sweden possesses
cShaustes supplies Of tho very richest ana pest blnus OF
primitive ore but she 9s no e0a Era nsS co and
together, aud, ms general rule, IT Is round more
10 the ore limits OF the manufacture Of iron by wood
lave long since been reached aud hence sweden can
only be looked OF supply OF ore 10 other
countries possessing mineral fuel when Their iron mines
In Russia, also abonndng in mmea suroble supplies Of
Urc there possibility, but not much probability that
jor jts own supply Of iron The production Of charcoal
also capable Of some, but not Of indefinite extern
The same remark applies to Austria and tho States Of
tho Zolverein In Italy there is no coal and hence s
only far less abundant. Algers abounds in ore which
has TO % SahGSa 70 56f eS@ on % 6re
but attempts have been made TO render IL available
faoture OF iron only maintained 10y the aid Of the i'm
pOraton Of coal to the extent Of over 100000 tus and
belgium, the size Of the cOaled the vertical char
aoter Of the veins and Their small meEes iThT
extension of the business at least the supply Is TO
endure for any protraced period Already 1t is estimated
that Belgium produces much coal as France tW thirds
much Prussia, and oneigth that OF Great Britain
and Ua ont OF ahcd only ~ miles In length aud u
miles breadth at It's widest pOnt and in veins Of from
80 inches 60 three feet thick Belgium Is already an
importer Of ore, and although it Is quite evident that
VIII be the scat OF vigorous and POSSIBLY increasing
METAL Industry IGg esGs 10 eS IN tSe sn M OF @
require.
Prussia has n somewhat larger supply Of coal than
Belgium and It IS remarkably rich In quantity and quail
~ Of s iron Ores but It Is scarcely possible that IN the
Upon England then, so far as Europe is CONCERNED, s
Il the supply e to come nom E1rope at all Il has been
seentbat already nearly onehaf tho total consumption
vas a5e TO furnish ssis tSnS Of iron orc and only
imported $50 tuns careful survey OF the sources
from which her derived loads 10 the conclusion that
IN Wales the local supply is lot adequate 10 The present
consumption aud large quantities. transported thiie<
rho natural limits of production have therefore, been
further extension Of the business in that redon either
vita domestic or foreign ores in consequence OF the pos
for the furnace without ceng The staosldre rcgionby
common consent has REACHED It's eliminating point and
ceOus ore IN Scotland would seem to indicate MAT not
except much higher prices than prevail The main
reliance ia Scotland has heretofore been upon its black
has been cocxiensire with the exploration OF that famous
mineral furnaces following everywhere IN the wake OF
and Of such irregular character that the business would
them alone. The thckband, commony called the air
de Is substantially exhausted, and the reliance Is
Blaekbandsare notoiiousiy Irregular aud not found
uniform II hcnes oE eSa1hs inc sTdGe saeapaHa
the IanaikshTe coal fed more notable s example o.
which occasionally in patches Of irregular thick
ness sometimes six inches and sometimes six feet in
position either coal or iron stone Indeed, all the iron
stones ~ al portions o. Tue eoSsa are sirne 1ney
fact that we have IN al the fields backband iron stone.
as MINING S for rt the dc5
purpose Of showing how mpOssbiet is that hereshould
he any considerable increase in the annual product OF
scotch iron unless foreign ores are brought to utilize the
country but with the further object Of giving
formation which may DO Of in the development Of the
oackbaad IRON ores which have been recently discovered
schuylk County. IN Pennsy wanna. the value OF which
Che country hardly be exaggerated II il should,
prove 20 be IN quantity ana quality equalto It's Britsh
1hefc SIN remains upon the east OF England the
great Cleveland region and its west coast the Cum
heFand rcd benatte region. The latter Is yleld
lag about l4N00O uns Of per annun, taken from beds
of irregular ahap6 and formation IN adjacent 10 the
Limestone. There certaulyno signs OF exhausOnyet |
apparent in this wonderful district but all analogy leads
as 70 donpt the peIaaneney Of these irregular beds
10 indicate their continuity. Beside, the extremely good
quality Of this and the value OF the which It pro-
tor which high price Is paid. and naturally wiihdaws
those mres from any competition in the supply Of the
purposes Not however with the Cleveland region,
where The exists n beds Of from eight feet TO teen
lnc IN Thickness IN the Has or volc formation extend
ing over tract OF country forty miles in length and
ueen miles in width This is lean and the quality of
Of skill quality is produced sufficiently
good for the ordinary purposes Of commerce.
world The has been that since the erection
the first blast furnace IN 1850 i25 furnaces base been
roilng-ius. and large number Of iron shpbuildlng
sylsgre IN operation, and cities have grown uL with
SSf'.db and 70 size that would strike Western
tapef ID s1rTise The present production exceeds
million d uns per annum aud it is difficult indeed TO
Ingiistfr which arples 10 tie whole question Of the
production OF British On and that ~, he ably 10 sup
i0 nA00OO tuns per annum THIS question has received
attention Of the British Association lor inc
Advancement Of Science, aud Mr. Gladstone, by one OF
coupled the extinction Of the national debt Win Inc s4-
bansfion OF the supplies Of fuel evidently acting under
lie idea that honest man ought 70 pay his debts while
~ ~ nTesnTned however that there Is stin margin |
en "a FOR the addition of the Alabama elaims' TO the
In Total OF Indebtedness, without seriously meilcllhs
With The aeans o. payine ~ = g and 90 long
at least a. any human being now In existence may nave