The New York herald., 1868-01-08

aI the Assembly districts Of the State as6
pssi.ios 'nected a. s Is with our coa,lnon sohoo,
.,asowuss ~ - We'll worthy or The fostsriag OF
sTyssm, ~ ssee I'd OF The confidence OF tho people Of
saSia also ca 81. attention 70 the Stats csbine.
OF Geology and Natural and OF compis,ing ris oa,,i
cs,a,ak sp . ~ o"eo ,,, % natural history Of tho
state, which proved Iml Tnsss w-k" o
pss ss ssoa.so soosea. -. ars OF the ciyzsd
world. Our co leclions 0eeA ~. as,a1, 1aea'eo
during Inc past year IN many Of the rssura ~
aud perhaps In NO other ii ste are ~. 'ss". ~
scientific research more diligently souA ~ or more
carefully preserved Our nalera iniersss ''V ~ .nn
maeiy contested WITH the advance OF SCIENCE ~ svo
department. OF inves igaion that not hesasatC 10
commend IL to further recognition aud support
Tho report OF the Regents OF tue uaiversy presentg
the condition OF Tho cveges and academies the state
az b,ghiy prosperous Among the Interesting susges-
lous con ned their statement that witch relates
to tho grow ng munincence of individual citizens IN
permanent endow ment OF the higher insttu or
learning Il il stated however lnat Instances nave
occurred in which parties wishing to aside funds or
educational purposes have been at loss ho~ TO
their permanent application 10 tho end IN view w1le
the State provides free instruction Tor all In the
menls of knowledge, Il properly encourage indS
vlduai iberaiity by providing Whatever ~ needed
legislation Tor The trotecuon OF gifts and beqaests "
colleges and Incorporated by the Sa.e and
subject general SUPERVISION.
INTERESTS
Tho predictions Of disAster 10 county from the
emanc pat OF four mill aus Of slaves have been most
sgnslly alsned by the event They have exercised The
rights of ire and as they before proved themselves
brave and trustY solder they have now shos1.tnem-
selves faithful and willing laborers and peacsful ana
law abiding citizens. they have diiissntly tiiof tho
fields when others owned for wages hardly adequate 70
the support OF human life, and they have sub.
we're TOO ready TO Innict. Awaiting themselves
OF the means Of education wherever tne
efforts OF humaay ~ their behalf have not been 70
aud justice OF Congress In admitting them TO share With
their late masters in tho cxcciss Of tho freem aus
rix.t OF suffrage.
Inc propriciy this measure ike that OF enrolling
them arm during tue war, became in the puoc
Ma A.ua ka
occaSson earnest s0citudo many good and to al
men, IL is douhs desirable that those exsr-
cise sac elective franchise undsr democratic form
of government should be educated and inLellg
IL he right sufraga 2as restricted Dy such standard
IL iM tend the extension OF these nd, ,antaseS
The OF ths hum1ter orders of the
munity IL cannot DO doubted that most Of tue privi
legged class thus created would be conteot 70 re
tam undim'n shed the power depositoi In their
bands; and lew OF tSem would cara to RAISE
those bsow snem to equally Of poiincal righta
One OF eadipg merits rs system oi reprcscnta
Tendency TO secure the benefit Of just aud
equal laws; to iaterest every citizen 10 the general vel
fare prosperty extend TO all the of educa-
on aud 70 hold sut Inducements to honorable sxertou
and the prospect 0f advancement Bat still moro m
portant ihao Il qualification ef gsnce and odu a.
ton that VI loyk allegiance 10 she government aud
condition os Things existed as tho South wlcn made
this q vital consideration.
is conceded that at the fall OF tue nieteracv me
states winch composed It wers s'deprved or all civil
governments" lhoy we're disorssnized communities.
aud While they failed TO escape from their obiga ions
by destroying the Union they succeeded la renouncnG
their political rights under the constitution aud IN do
doubtless, had authority to hold them undrr mil
tary rule untts provision could be made Tor thrr
reorgan zaton under the authority of public law
he had right institute civil government for the
nsurgcBt States He had power 70 enact or 20 repeal
an ao oi Congress- Cicnry thec were questions Tor tho
Law making power OF The government ana b deter
miDcd by his will bnt by tho will OF the nation ex
pressed in the form prescribed by the oonstituoa His
polcv disclosed, assume the prorosativcs Of
Congress and In those States tho powers
nquishsd by confederate leaders He not only pro-
posed hts own terms 10 them but also the nation,
political power. 10 confer upon the vangnshsd the
fruits OF victory His plan embraced no les. than iu.
mediate representation At Warrington tho Congr.ss a
Rchmoad having been overturned II was pr, posed
by him 20 restore those who had been defeated u
war 10 tho position 81 governing class; ruHaS
those whom they hal recently held Ia bondH
and making laws for tho nation which they had
the general sense Of national justice and MANHOOD and
acceptable only to those ~ho loved power hated "ry
East and the North the voice Of dissatisfaction,
and the work Of entered upon by The
law making power 10 which II belonged
The desire carly restoration Of the nsurgent
States their practical reAlions the Unoa led the
rebels not checked the returning spirit Of loyalty
which ~as gaining ground IN each OF the Southern
states after the close Of the war Then wss tnss
OF couciliaiion and iorbearanes towards those who
had risen in arms against the republic proposed, In
the form Of constitutional amendments, c0Ld ions Of
restoration both generous and just did not doubt, -
expressed in my last annual message, their promp ac
ceptance, IL the communities lately rebellion were
ready to accept the results Of and to the
support Of government framed ~ our common shsrA
This peace Offering, which was promptly ratified ~
most Of tho States. rejected with By tho
rebels.
Thus they put II beyond all question tha, they
yet animated by the spirit OF rebellion. II is equally
clear that there could be restoration far the
Issue depended on their voice except on terms nvov-
ing the abandonment OF the unprotected Southern
Unionsts and the aDject surrender BY congress of
Increased political power IN the government " dssoyd
persons, . reward Tor the;r attempts to over
throw u. THIS spirit WAS inasnaed by eocouragsment
received from oical quarters until at last the
leans, In buchery unarfned Union men, under
the shadow Of the federa flag. This method OF recon-
etruction being thus closed Congress avaisd itse OF
the onlv remaining opening 10 an early and re-
establishment OF tness states.
II Is we'll known that there large body of Union
electors distributed throughout tne SOUTH consisting OF
those who we're never ia sympathy Win the rchaou.
and OF those wbo though numOired with the Insurgents
ready TO accept the results VI and 10 70
TO their old alegance. These were. however.
mainly powerless, because they wero largely
oulnumbered by those with whom they shared
tue privilege Of access TO the polls There was
also q large body OF men, composing t~o-nl lhs.
OF the whole population, born the son equally
true TO the government, aud equally powerl.ss be-
cause they dislranchsed. III these two clas-es
were allowed TO act together Ia the use the rights OF
common manhood IL will be thai. the only
obstacle peaceaby removed, n together they out
numbered the rebel electors who prevented the
work Of reconstruction Therefore the question
To be determined by Congress WINS not one OF abtrict
theory. a. TO the highest qualifications for u wise
exercise Of political rights. The question In this
case WIS of practical statesmanship, in view OF
the actual condition OF the country and the mqortnce
OF carry ana compiete reunion Inc emu ~ DC aee.ih
plishcd involved the peace, the hDn9r and the
interests of the republic IL WAS essential TO the
return of order, the removal OF military
thority and tie renewal Of commercial pros
perity to the states which had been tte theatre II
war. Ii promised to secure future unity and
repose; settle public credit on firm and just toun
dations ana enable the insurgents to repair te waste
of war aud to bear their share Of the common burden
which their crime had brought upon the countrv. Un-
der their pretended State the local Offices
hlled by those who deied the authority Of the
M ton, and whohad refused to take the oata CT s.le
Y executive Tu-
doial officer in al the states OF the Union, by the
sixth articl, of the federal cons stituton.
The loyal porton OF the population was sor reunion
acceptable basis, and giving assurance of our
future security and repose On the other side the die
loyal emboldened by new hopes, arrayed in hos
tilty the people OF the Union Would IL have been
WISE let ask on the part Of Congress 70 make these
men the arbitels OF rcconstructon? Should We have
the insurgents into privileged clase and
dsiranchised the loyal population for the benefit &C
the rebel minority should we have delivered oNor
the white unionsts " the mercy Of the enemies by