davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 186?-1869, 1868-04-29

CORN CREDIBLE CAKEs-Three cups OF
meal one cup Of flour, one cup of sour
cream, one cup of sugar, three eggs, well
beaten, little salaratus and salt Trimmed
with milk.
The weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 186?-1869, 1868-04-29

e Our friends continue to send US up the
most cheering and encouraging reports from
all quarters of the State. Never before was
such energy and determination to win as is
manifested by the Republicans. A little
while longer a little more unremitting ex-
ertion and victory will perch upon our ban
ners and we can rest in peace and quiet.
-AShoiUe Pioneer.
The weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 186?-1869, 1868-04-29

SCRATCHES IN HoRsEs.-Take white pine
pitch, beeswax and honey. one ounce
each, fresh lard, one-lialf pound, melt we'll
together over slow fire, stir till quite thick,
SO that the parts may not settle and separate
This also makes an excellent application for
harness gals, cuts and sores of all kinds, on
horses and cattle.
The weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 186?-1869, 1868-04-29
Useful Recipes.

Vegetable Soup.-Scrape and cut into thin
, slices four carrots, peel and slice three tur-
nips, cut up two or three heads of celery,
according to size, or the hearts of two let
tuces. Peel and slice six large onions, or
Spanish onions of corresponding weight,
also six good sound potatoes. Fry these in
half pound of butter or clear beef dripping.
Then pour on four quarts of boiling water,
and let all boil slowly, or rather simmer, for
three hours and half or even four hours
Season to your taste. When ready. strain
and serve A spoonful of mushroom or wal
nut catsup very much improves the soup;
also, it Is good to stew with it crust of
bread toasted very hard and brown, but not
burnt. Some persons like handful OF
sweet herbs put in. In summer, instead of
carrots, turnips, or celery. you may use some
cucumbers, more lettuces, young onions,
green peas mint, &c.
Washing Fluids and ClOthes-A house
keeper IN the Western Rural, in reply to
question whether the various washing fluids
iniure the clothes, says: 1--WE can answer
that we do not think they do, unless they
are used too strong. When you use fluid,
the clothes do not require boiling, only scald-
ing and they must he rinsed in three waters.
The reason why clothes turn yellow, and
grow tendcrer, is because the fluid is not all
rinsed out. 1t saves great deal of hard la
Dor. The clothes should be soaked over
night. and boiled before rubbing; after rub
bling them, suds and rinse" .r
Hoao to Cure Chapped Hands-Take three
tlrachms gum camphor three drachms white
beeswax, three drachms spermaceti, and two
ounces olive oil. Put them together in
cup on stove, where they will melt slowly
and from white ointment in few minutes.
If the hands be affected, annoint them on
going to bed, and put ON pair of Gloves
! A day or two will suffice to heal them.
Fried Saoeet- Breads.-Sweet breads should
be laid in warm water, with a pinch of salt
| in it, for an hour to make them white put
them into cold water, and let them remain
over the fire until they have boiled ten min
utes; cut them into slices, brush them with
egg, and sprinkle over with bread crumbs !;
| fry them in butter; each sweet-bread will
require one and half ounces of butter
Serve with some good gravy, such as you
would prepare for a fowl.
| To Clean Knioes.-I find that taking one
half of a raw potato and dip that in brick
dust and apply it to knives has an excellent
effect in frightening them-a desideratum to
all housekeepers and families certainly most
devoutly to be wished
| Essence Of Celery.-This is prepared by
soaking for fortnight half ounce of the
seeds of celery in quarter pint of brandy.
A few drops will flavor pint of soup or
broth equal to head of celery ,sul.
To Make Good Vinegar.-One pint of
strained honey and two gallons of soft water.
Let it stand in moderately warm place.
In three weeks it will be excellent vinegar.
So says an exchange. r..t ...-..... ~,
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
Strangers Guide.

TIME Y. NJ. c. A. meets every Monday evening
i at their rooms over VIM. n. Smith'sStore,
Main Street.
Champan Chapter No /, Il. A. NJ. meets the
third Wednesday evening in each month, at
their hall in Wheeler block, Main Street.
Columbus Council No. l, Il. X :. Nj. meets the
second Wednesday evening III each month"; at
their hall in Wheeer's Block.
Franklin Lodge No. 4, F. A. NJ, meets the
first Wednesday evening in each month at their
hall in Union Block, Main Street.
Englesby Lodge No. "a F. A. NJ. meets the
fourth Wednesday evening in each month, at
their hall in Union Block, Main Street.
Crystal Fountain, Temple of Honor No. meets
every Tuesday evening at their Hall III Barnes
Block, Lake Street.
st. Adams Lodge No 80, l. o. of &. I. meets
every Friday evening at their Hall in Barnes
Block, Lake Street.
Rising Sun Lodge No. 8 I. o. of G.. T. meets
svery Saturday evening, at St. Adams Bay.
st. John the Baptist Benevolent Society (Ca-
nadian) meets on the first and third Wednesday
evening of each month at their hall over E. II
Huntington's Store.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
BOSTON MARKET Dec. z.

GRAIN The receipts of Corn haze been
very light and stock in stor" has become quite
reduced Demand fair and prices have advanced.
Sa les of Western Mixed at 81 % i,3 for COM
mon AID good, and new Southern at sl,l6 for
White and 1927 l % for yellow. Oats remain
the same. The GALES have been ut 75c 93 pr
brshel for Southern and Western, as to quality.
Rye il quiet with sales ut 81, 80 IS Ell bush.
for Sonlhern and Western. Barley IL quiet at
$3.50 2, Ii pr bush. for Canada East and West
Shorts have been selling ut s2S 80 pr ton
Fine Feed $3l, so AL; and Middlings at $40 Il
40 pr ton.
FLOUR. The market for Hour has bee )me
quite firm. with light receipts and good de-
mand from the Easteon and local trade. Pri-
ces OF low grades are firm and higher, with Il
stock very much reduced. The sales of western
| supertine have been Mt S., 10 6,25 asd COM
mon extras at s6,5" $50 pr bbl., with sales OF
some 10, 600 bbis, at these figures and stocks OF
both supertne and extra are now quite re-
duced, Medium extras and bakers brands have
| been selling at 81, 8: white wheat Ohio, In
diana and Michigan at $40 1l,7n Illinois at
| $40 I3, and st. Louis at 10 IA so pr bbl
| PROVI IONS.-The Pork market is quiet
and the trade confine their purchases to SNAIL
lots, in an icipation Of increased supplies and
| lower prices. Sales OF prime at % q "a mess
at 81, 80 80, and clear and extra clear at 30 a
| 33 pr Dbl. Beef ranges from Is a Is for mess
| Is a 20 for extra mess, and Il % for family
| Lard 165 79c for steam and kettle rendered
| and Smoked hams l5l Ice per ID. Hogs range
from l04 l4lc prlb.
PRODUCE, There is very little change il
the butter market Choice grades are scarcer
but sales are quite difficult to make at recent
extreme prices, We quote New York and Yer
mont daiIles at 50 5oc pr h.. for good ani
choice, very choice fall at 80 c. and common
and fair at So 43c pr ID as to quality.
In cheese very little change. Market tirn
and demand good at rather improved prices
Sales at 10 17Ic for factory. white Beams arr
not quite so firm, the sales ranging from 3,65
| / tor blue pod, yellow eyes, and extra pea
Canada Peas are selling at I,t2s pr bush, al
to quality. Potatoes are not SO firm, with sale
at $50 - pr bush. Eggs range from a2 u DC
as to quality. Poultry has been in demand a
choice TURKEYS and chickens. Ducks and gees
sell from IL Csc Onions range from $3.50
$50 pr Dbl.
WooL.- There il fair inquiry for fleece an,
pulled wool, and very little change to notice
Prices if anything are a little frmer.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

EX-Sheriff Soule has removed to Fair
fax, and Sheriff Place has taken possess
sion of the jail house.
Guy Chaplin will dedicate his new no.
tel at North Troy, with ball on the
evening of the 31st Of December.
Important business will keep Ex-Gov.
John Gregory Smith in Washington a
good portion of the winter.
Gen. Grant has sold his residence in
Washington to the Mayor of that city.
The new Governor General of Canada
took the oath of Office on Wednesday.
Bishop Beckwith is now resident OF
Macon, Ga.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
JrerDiOnt central RajirOdd Nam
0ycUienf.

Under this management is to be con-
sidered the line of railroad from Bellows
Falls, VT, to Waterloo, Canada, Bur-
lington, VT, and Rouse's Point, n. Y,
"a distance of $40 miles. The head
quartz rs of the road are at st. Adams.
Lawrence Brainerd, Joseph Clark,
Gregory Smith, Benz p Cheney, Robert
+ Taylor are the Receivers and Manag-
ers. Gyles Merrill, General Superin-
tendent /; II II Locklin, Assistant SUI
perintendent. Eugene Putnam, Man
ayers Secretary. Samuel Williams,
Treasu er. Abner Forbes, chief clerk.
Pdymaster's Department-Georg G
Hunt, paymaster; William II Hunt,
clerk.
Passenger Departmental G Elliot,
general ticket agent II c Lapoint, V
w Halbert. A G Wardwell CLERKS.
with the following conductors: T. G
Pierce (since the road was built, III
Chamberln, A Dow, j c Irving, w b
Wall, II X Bush Chas Rollo, George G
Averill, L c Barney, r. II Barney, Geo
l. Barney, G Somerville, and A c
Stonegrave.
Freight Departmental w Hobart,
master of Transportation A Tinker, VIM
Leard, clerks, with several subordinate
clerks.
7elcgroph Departmental f V Ran
dali, chief operator, James Roche, jr,
and E n Tall, operators.
Mechanical Departmental. NJ. Foss,
Master Mechanic, AzroKent, foreman of
locomotive repairs; Ed Eastman, fore
man of locomotive building; p Hackett.
Foreman boiler shop, r Camp, Manag-
| ing CT 2rk, Milton Sessions, Manager
ard Henry Sessions, Assistant Manager
of car shops with II. p. Aldrich Chief
Clerk. F d Baker Foreman of Black
smith shops. The Master Bridge Build
er is c II Clark. Track Master, William
Hatch, George B Warmers, and A b
Ladd
st. Adams Depots and Yard-Geo l.
Stone, General Agent, G. G. Appleton,
Ticket Agent, L r Kibby, Freight
Agent. In the absence of the Superen-
tendent and Assistant Superintendent,
Mr. George l. Stone directs the movc-
ment of the trains upon the road gener-
ally. Mr.. Ambrose Arnold ofSt. Johns,
P. O., has the Local Superiptendance OF
the road from st. Johns to Waterloo.
Something over 1000 men are con-
stantly in the employ of this manage
ment, aid Mr.. Hunt, the Paymaster
makes his "grand rounds in his splen-
did car once month and distributes
among willing rec ivers above $67 600.
Some IS or 20 freight and passenger
trains meet and pass each way upon
this line of road daily, and the amount
very small beginning. when the Manag
ers were troubled to obtain enough
money from the receipts of the road, to
pay their laboring men, and oftentimes
were compelled to draw upon their pri
vate funds for this purpose, the road has
increased in its business, until it is now
reckoned in the first class of the substan
tial and prosperous roads of New Eng
land. This prosperity is mainly due t.
the very able andjudicious Management
of its present board of Managers. TIT
equipments of the road, its motive pow
er, passenga r and freight cars and every
/. thing connected with it, are unrivalleC
in New England. May the road pros
per, because, upon Its prosperity great
: ly depends the welfare of st. Albans.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

CALIsAYA BARK.-It is said that
Messrs. Drake & Co., (proprietors of the
Plantation Bitters( are the largest i'm
porters of Calisaya Bark in this country,
and that, with the exception of an oc-
casional sale, all they import is used in
doubIedly are indebted for their wonder
full notwithstanding properties. AS q
Tonic and APP ether, they are not sur,
passed, and we cheerfully recommend
them. All lirst-class Druggists KEEP
them for sale. d&W,
MAGNOLIA WATER.-Superior TO the
best imported German Cologne, ant
sold at half the price.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

THE ACADEMY several classes
in the Academy building are making
preparations for a grand exhibition at
the close Of school, which will occur just
previous to the holidays. We under
stand that visitors will be assessed a
small admittance fee for the purpose OF
defraying the expenses, which will be a
greater inducement for the friends Of
the school to attend
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

One of the few things that the North
and South will probably ever fully agree
upon is that "Barrett's Vegetable Hair
Restorative" is not only the best preven-
tive to the hair falling out, but also the
finest dressing ever before the public.
1t richly deserves the "Silver Medal
awarded by the New Hampshire State
Fair Dubuque Times. d&w.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
ID L T. ID

In East Georgia, Nov. 25th, of paralysis, Mr..
VIM. Smith, aged sc years.
On the morning of Nov. -, of cramp, Thomas
W., son of Warren p. and Mary A. Nash aged
years and months.
In Mortified, Nov. oath, of dropsy, Mrs. An
geline Stiles, in the 73rd year of her age.
Dearest mother thou hast left us,
Here ON loss we deeply feel
But It's God that has bereft MS,
He can all our sorrows heal.
Peaceful be thy silent slumber,
Peaceful in thy gravk so low
Thou no more wi join our number,
Thou no more will sorrow know.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

The LAKE STEAMERS.-The Ca lada
made her last trip Wednesday NOR Aing,
and has gene into winter quarters in
Shelburne halbor. The Adirondack
went into winter quarters this m orning.
The Cakes Ames will run the ferry be-
TWEEN Burlington, Port Kent, and Platts-
burgh. The Montreal will bring freight
from w, itehall as long as the ice will
permit.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

"Their name is LsgieH," may be APP
piled to the innunerable diseases to
which the skin is subject. 1t would be
we'll for those who are afflicted with APP
parently incuraLle ulcers, old sores, cry
sipelas and erHptions, to use Grace's
Celebrated Salve, which cures in very
short time, outs, burns scalds, flesh
wounds, &c. va W.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

Renne's Pain-Killing Magic Oil is
sold by most of our Druggists and Mer-
chants, and has become a standard artic g
in market. This position it has won ly
its great merit. 1t cures pain, and the
people like it and will have it-one man
says his wife would not be without it if
the bottles cost 500. d&w.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
LITTELL's LYING AGE, No. 1879, fol

LITTELL's LIVING AGE, No. 1879, for
the week ending Saturday, Dec. 5th,
The Suppressed Sex, Westminster Re-
view Cromwell and the Cavaliers, Cas-
SELLS Magazine Run 10 earth, Specta-
tor; The Country-H House on the Rhine,
part III, by Bethrold Auerbach, author
of son the Heights" &C., tran slated for
The Living Age from Die Presse The
Pyramid and the Bible, Spectator A
House of Cards, part TX, Tinsley's M 49,
azine Nationality and Religion, Satur
day Review Clarissa, Saint Paul's
Childhood Abroad, Spectator; Reverdy
johnson at Liverpool, Saturday Review
True Danger of Tobacco Spectator
Precious Jewels, Cassell's Magazine; be.
sides short articles and poetry.
To new subscribers, RENTING to thu
publishers for the year 1869, THE LIv
ING AGE is sent from the beginning o
Auerbach's romance (No. 1870 to Jan
uary next free Of charge.
LITIELL & GAY, Publishers,
30 Bloomfield ST., Boston
--------s>--------------
IF you want to increase your lusines
advertise.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

DAILY ARRIVAL OF STAGES AT ST. ALBANs.
From Swcetsburgh and Franklin, 700 p. m
From Richford and Sheldon, 800 p. m.
From Sheldon, 10 90 a. IN.
From Bakersfield, IL 90 a. m.
DAILY DEPARTURE OF STAGES FROM ST. ALDASs.
For Franklin and Sweetsburgh, 7 80 a. M
For sheldon and Richford 30 n. m.
For sheldon, 90 p. IN.
For Bakersfield, 90 p. m
Stages call at the several hotels i'll town stage
offices at the fremont House.
CLOSING OF The MAILS
Mails for New York close at 90 a. m. and ou
p. IN.
Mails for Boston close at Il. IN. and 80 Pun
Mails for Albany and the West close at w a. M
Mails for Canada close ut co am.
Southern and Northern way mail close at D IN
a.. IN.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
Local Items.

OUR DAILY.-Those wishing to secure
copies of our daily paper can do so at
Merrifield's and Bakers bookstores, as
well as of carriers, and at the office.
Copies of our weekly paper may also be
had at these places.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

FULTON MARKET.--Just received, a
nice lot Dried Beef Sugar Cured Hams,
Bologna Sausage, Sweet Potatoes, To-
matocs, Pears, Peaches, Water Melons
and Musk Melons. dtt-94.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

MEssRs. p. II. +. w. MYERS, of
Rouse's Point, N. ", have contracted
for handsome marble monument to
erect over the grave Of their father, the
late John Myers, Esq. The cost of the
monument will be 500.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

republish, to-day, the articles con-
corning the Vermont Central Railroad,
which appeared in our issues of Monday
and Tuesday, as we were unable to sup
ply all who called for copies.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
Travellers Guide.

ARRIVAL OF PASSENGER TRAINS.
From the South and East, 5,4S a. M, III, 10 am
From Houses Point and West, 7,2O a. M, IL,
so a. NJ. q so p. m.
From Montreal, II 40 a. M, As p. M
DEPARTURE OF PASSENGER TRAINS.
For the South and East. ~. n. m. l2O m,
720 p. IN.
For Rouse's Point and West, sos a. m. 10
y. III.
For Montreal, 10 a. m, So p. M
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03


WE beg to call the ATTENTION of advertisers to
w our agency. Our facilities with AL the first
class daily papers in the country are second to
none, and we are fully prepared to offer terms
and conditions which cannot fail to give supe-
rior Inducements.
We also send advertisements to all Cuban and
South American papers, with whom we have ex-
tensive contracts. We are the only house doing
Spanish Advertising Business.
We can, by special permission, lefer to
MIR. II. I. Helmbold, Druggist, s9+ Broadway,
New York,
Messrs. S. r .vanduzer & Co., 1913 Greenwich ST.,
New York.
Messrs. Hall Il Ruckel, 218 Greenwich Street.
New York.
Messrs. G. Bruces Son & Co., Type Founders,
13 CLEANERS St.
Messrs. Phalon Son, New York
Phelan 4 Collender, New York.
Tarrant & Co., "
Chickering 4 Son, u
Radway & Cos 4"
1856 eod3m
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

WHAT MAKES YOUR HAIR SO
BEAUTIFUL? MRS. S. A. ALIENS
IMPROVED (new style) HAIR REsToRER
or DRESSING, Gin one bottle.) Price One
Dollar. Every Druggist sells it.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

SUICIDE.-Mr. A. Sidney Olin. d
SALISBURY, committed suicide Tuesday
morning by cutting his throat. MIR.
DIN was relative of Judge Olin of the
Supreme Court of the District of Column
bia, and was worthy man. No cause
is assigned for the act.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03

To Advcrtisers.--The VERMONT DAILY TRANS
oRIpT has the largest circulation in st. Adams
and in Franklin County, of any daily paper, and
is on that account, if no other, the best medium
for advertising.
Vermont daily transcript. [volume] (St. Albans, Vt.) 1868-1870, 1868-12-03
NEU .1DTERTISEMENIS
AMERICAN eros GRAIN
Black Silk.
For sale at $3.50 gard, by
Edward Barlow. Burlington, W.

rJNGE usual price of these goods is 81 80 II yard,
i and after my present supply is exhausted
| do not expect to be able to sell them at the
present low price; therefore those intending to
purchase such dress will GO well to 'ccure n
pattern at once | also have q handsome stock
of Imported Black Silks, among which are some
very heavy goods which shall sell at very CHEAP
prices. Ny stock of sHAWLs is very conn cte
consisting OF Long and Square PAISLEY
SHAWLS, and a full ssortmcnt of WUOLEN
SHAWLS of various styles and qualities at
prices which ought TO satisfy every reasonable
person.
CLoAKINGI CLEARING
In full assortment. We call particular at;ens
ton to our Sea. SLin Cloa king as being very
warm. handsome and durable for low priced
article. We also have some extra quality
Black Moscow Beaver Cloth, worth from
$3.50 to 5000 yard,
UNDER GARMENTS!
Merino, Cashmere and Saxony Wool UNDER
SHIRTS and DRAWERS, for Gentlemen, Ladies'
and Children of all Sizes styles, and qualities,
and at very moderate prices.
In addition nave my customary full assort-
ment of nice Dress Goods, q lels, Birn-
kets, Ba limo al skirts Furnitur, Covei =
ings (used for curtains) Housekeeping Goods
Domest cs, &c =, &c.
n. B.-Hoye a II cent Brown Cotton selling
at 12l cents.
| An inspection of goods and Prices is respect
| fully solicited. Careful attention given to
orders.
EDWARD BARLOW,
l5G Church Street
Burlington, Dec /, 1868. d169 v245-tf
The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1868-11-04

TIVE GREAT IssuE.-In an eminently
thoughtful and impressive speech OF MI
J. @. ADAMS, delivered at Albany ne"
York, this gentleman uses words OF warn,
mo and admonition so eminently tit and
appropriate to the present juncture that
though the election is over, We cite them
for the attention of our readers. Said ne /:
81 will not close my speech as began,
az Democrat or partisan; put WIZ, III
conclusion, pray you, as American citizens,
10 try. in this supreme crisis Of our tate, TO
rise above party or section, to stretcn out
bevond this little shred Of time, to forget
this heated canvass, and, as citizens OF the
Great republic, contemplate the long reaches
Of her grand career. Shall it be that we
must tread over and over again the old
course, from liberty to license, from license
to anarchy, from anarchy to despotlsm
Must it be that we are to furnish
another failure of constitutional, regu-
lated liberty? Can it be that in our
bastv impatience of transient troubles we
are madly bent upon levelling with the
earth the temple that our fathers builded
On. nv countrymen, these our trials are
but transitory if you will but be patient
In q little while, if you will be steadfast,
they will pass away; but II, Oh tuesday
next, you register your resolve TO return
no more to the old ways, we shall wander
on in this dismal revolutionary wilderness,
no man can tell how long or how far. Have
you been so much happier since you aban-
doned the faith of your fathers to follow at,
ter these strange gods that you should still
cling to them !? Has the path been SO plea,
SAINT since you wandered from the ancestral
track that you would not, if you could, re-
gain it No, my friends, let us retrace
eur needless steps, and, for the future,
cursed be he who removes the ancient land
marks
Truer and more solemn words than these
we're never spoken to the American peo-
nile