The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-11-10
LECTURES LAST NIGHT.

Body-C.omparative Organs-A ChamDer o.
Horrors
Professor Lemercier delivered last evening, 10 the
large hall Of the Cooper Institute, the nrst OF MS
series OF lectures on anatomy ana pnysioogy' nu-
man and comparatiye TO be delivered under the
auspices OF the Association for the OF
Science and Art. The attendance was small but ap-
preciatve listening with great interest to the lee
turers scientific analysis OF the subject he had Sc
lected Tor the first in his course Of lectures 'The
Human Body, Comparative Organs, &cn The plat
form of the hall presented seeming chamber of
horrsrs, from the number Of skeletons and elastic
models which the Professor travels with and ex-
hlbits in illustration Of his subjects These elastic
models have been designed and constructed by DR..
Auz0ux, OF Paris, and are made to illustrate the
anatomical structure and physiology OF man and
animals They display In man, the gorilla and the
morse, the full and exact proportions Of all the or
ganic sfructures-the heart, arteries and VEINS the
organs OF nutrition, nervous and muscular system,
&c. Each model Is divisable into number of pieces
accurately resembling the vital organs respectively
and every structure occupies its relative position In
the body when returned to its proper place within
the model. With the aid OF these models DR.. Lemer
cier Illustrated his subject and explained though in
very imperfect English, all the workings Of the hui
man structure with readiness and Saroir jaiye that
ence. However grim and unattractve the subject,
rendered ontwardy the more so from the repulsve
looking objects on the Platforms horrible array OF
skeletons and painted modesLthe pleasant and at
times humorous style OF the lecturer excited the mer
Timent OF ms hearers-at all times secured their
earnest attention.
In opening nc said it would be very difficult for
MN, unless assisted by his elastic models, which he
claimed TO be the best of the KIND in the world TO
popularity convey his ideas. With them to assist, he
hoped TO be able to entertain and instruct his audi
ence on the most IMPORTANT subject that could be
DeOUlc-'Ihe hflman
Dody comparative organs, &c.n He then proceeded
hrst 70 describe the cellular and fatty tissues OF the
BODY lying just beneath the skin These, he said
were more abundant in woman than IN man, and
this was one OF the causes that made their out
The bones, he SAID, we've the hardest organs to
be seen in our bodies. Tie movements and
was composed OF two substances; one external and
the other interlal-the latter gelatenous and soft
In children the gelatenous part was softer and the
are harder more brittle and more easily broken
The bones were connected by flbres and egaments
Tne bones are not Immediately joined; there were
caelagenOus tissues and when motion took place
they moved in joints. The important connection
was articulation, or a sort Of oil to make motion
human famiy-in beasts it was called the lean.
When muscle Is cut there will be seen minute
nbreS connected with artculate tissue These are
elastic and attached by their extremities to different
bones and by their contractons they move the body.
NO motion takes place without muscle. and when
paralysis takes place there is consequently no
motion. The lecturer exhibited the glands, the
Emphatic vessels situated everywhere on the body
10 convey the lymph aud prOpel 1t into the veins to
become mixed with the veinous blood. The spinal
cord was then exhibited and explained in Its con-
nection with its functions with the nervous system
and our wants. The glands which secrete the
several juices were then shown up and the nutri-
situated in the abdomenal cavity ana performed
most important functions. The muscles OF the
shoulders were then treated or showing their action
ana how they were necessary to the motion of the
body. learned dissertation was then entered upon
explanatory OF the different action Of the muscles
pigion. This proved that the strength OF the
BODY depended not only on the nervous sys-
sn Ss He ray hey o
the skin were cellular tissues instead OF muscles.
This was good for those who tasted occasionally,
the cellular tissues supplied them with strength.
Exercise was the most necessary operation to
health, and to have well developed leg people
must dance. Exercise changed materially the
primitive structure OF the frame OF children. and the
weakest and most delicate children were often made
sssng and hardy from exercise * the Pro
exhibiting the stomach and intestinal organs and
dissenting as he proceeded upon the peculiar working
Of tue various organs and their functions. He ex-
hibted the three principal organs Of the human sys
tem-the heart, situated In the chest; on each side
Of the heart are the lungs or breathing organs I'M
der these lie the daphram or partition, situated be-
CAVITY 'g Here also r uad ah the 'ss ana
liver the latter for secretng the lime juice, or the
reservoir for the bile Juice s s by the
exhibited and the action OF the organs In the act Of
taxing food; the lungs, or gulet the eppiglOts &c.
scribed. On this subject the Professor caused much
amusement among his audience describing the pro-
perties OF the different kinds OF bread. lie said,
ierring to the secretive models, that brown bread
the healthiest for use. Dogs that had been fed
for forty days on white bread alone had died at the
end OF that time, while dogs fed for the same time
on brown bread had lived, and were healthy, too.
The Professor said IL was not beefsteak we want
but brown bread The lecturer went at great length
into the functions performed by the different sets Of
muscles throughout the human frame, illustrating
each minuta and branch OF his subject by dissectng
the model before him, with cearness and full
ness that engaged the attention and Kept alive the
interest OF the audience on the subject to the end
At the close Dr. Lemercer was warmly applauded
The Crenfion-Lecture by Professor Doremus.
Last evening Professor r.. Ogden Doremus deliv
cred the first Of course OF four lectures ct Lyric
Hail. Sixth avenue, near Forty second street. in aid
Of the Emanuel chapel. The hall was crowded by an
appreciatlve audience. A temporary laboratory was
constructed the stage for the purpose OF iustra
ing the lectures which, ofcourse added much to the
interest and value OF the lecture The subject Of the
hrst lecture was, The Creation, according to Chem
istry Geology and Astronomy, as Compared with the
Mosaic Record"
The lecturer commenced by referring to certain
great laws respecting the earth's surface which have
been clearly established by geoiogists such that
the earth revolves at speed OF thousand miles
hour. It was also believed that the earth, though
crusted upon its surface, was liquid by the force Of
heat The chemists would assert that our
earth originally was not solid or liquid,
but even assumed a gaseous form. 1t was the trl-
umph Of modern science that by the employment OF
dense heat solid bodies could be lquined and turned
TO gases. Gaseous bodies, with very few exceptions
could be turned into liquids and into solids. The
laughing and other gas could be liquined, and car
bonic and sulphurous gases could be made compact
and solid. The general ideas OF gas were ideas con-
corning the gases Of the air. and II could hardly be
believed that they were similar to the solids OF the
earth. Professor Doremus, assisted by two gentle
men, then gave series Of brilliant experiments to
show that gases have variations OF color and Of
weight and have certain chemical affinities. These
positive demonstrations were highly apprec-
ated by the audience. Chemistry claimed that the
earth was not only perfectly fiuid, but assumed
m elemental form and was In gaseous condition.
IL claimed that all the planets participated In this
condition, and even the sun himself 40 well az the
Va al hoaf OF anna that decorafa immenafy. IL was