The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-11-01

country through the nercest civil war ever known,
but that party was seen resolving itself in an I'M
timely hour into the divisions the republican and
party demanded new ana further guarantees and en-
terIaned propositions OF connscation proscription,
alsIranchisement and other penalties o. reconclia.
uon. reactlonary section OF the other lnsisyeu
tnat all the delays were not only hazardous but that
all Conditions whatever were unnecessary, pE-
reasonable and unconstitutional. one party
insisted taat there could be no ssie peace
without Immediately extending sursse to the freed
p1en by means no matter how rash, Unconstitutional
yersy about the new constitutions to be formed in
sn !" "a Is BET
abrupt % yiolens 80 iinSonsistekt with the proyt
gard to the conservatism Of state rights and indl;
vid1ai freedom would inevitably nsnsurats war
4 Z not my 20 nSt s
tiyss sent d Congress- 6y The rsBellioas States IN
ncations or their loyalty; An ths loth Eate Coy.
formed y have been a abr with
placed by Congress IN charge OF the several States
Congress has enfranchised and has DISTINGUISHED Id
the acceptance OF The constitution prescribed by
itself through military agent In communities where
no rebel force has been Seen for nearly four years.:
the scrutiny Of the nation and challenged the judg
ment OF mankind, has heldfasf TO two things VIA,
what is infinitely more Important, the constitution
OF the United States Just as he found both For THIS
ne has been brought for impeachment IN ~
misdemeanors and duly committed. The ma
ton has thus been called to sustain the new
shock or political assassination OF Its chosen
and beloved head, and 70 encounter afterward
the wild and reckless proceeding Of inconsiderate
ANARCHY SrouaS narod 81 ory years and Which
has hardly left one stable even peaceful republic
remaining In South America. Most OF the states
organized in this irregular manner sent their repre-
sentatives to Congress, and those representatives
nave been admitted; while all the state govern
ments, through whose machinery those representa-
tives sent, or nearly all, invoking the Con-
gress Of the United States TO suspend the habeas
corpus, to establish martial law, to assume and to
cOnfide to military agents the entire business OF
government in those states, under alarms and fears
OF renewed insurrecton, rebellion and restoration
Mr.. SEWARD EXPLAINS MS COURSE,
is not my purpose TO yindicate or 70 explain the
part myself have had In these transactions and de-
bates instructive, as am sure, as they wiz prove
to future ages. simply say that rs stood py the
wise and magnanimOus policy Of President Lincoln
hts mortal remains were committed to an untimeiy
graves and have adhered with equal fidelity to his
constitutional successor. (Appause.) When the
the transition could be abruptly made frOfn state
OF civil war to condition Of tranquility and peace
without Occaso nal disturbances to be produced by
inconsiderate individuals, and even by unlawful
combinations of disappointed and excited men,
on the contrary, every wise man knew that recon,
long deferred, and that constituent States OF this
Union, no matter how far they had wandered from
the ways or loyalty, must sooner OF later be again
received into the Union. have thought that all
needfu political wisdom in regard to that crisis was
contained in the Scriptural injunction TO agree with
your adversary quickly. and this injunction, which
Is true OF all adversaries, is especially true when
your adversares are estranged brothers.
WHAT is NEEDED TO ESTABLISH PEACE AND RESTORE
TflF UNION.
So much, my friends for the past; what now III the
present situations We have heard, for three years
alarms of premature reconciliation: the advantages of
procrastination the dangers OF reaction and armed
rebellion At last the cry IL franticaly uttered by
all parties, Peace, peace; let us have peace'-Qoud
appla,lse)when there is no peace IN the sense I'M
piled, but only forebodpgs Of renewed war What
does the country need in view Of the painful sltua
what it needed in lS8sthe admission OF loyal repre-
sentaatves from the late rebel states into the Con-
gress of the United States, and II needs at this time
and at our hands no more. When yon have given to
the southern States the places In Congress where
they will have constitutional hearing, the people
then will acquiesce in what Congress may require,
and their mouths will be closed on all constitutional
topics that have produced agitation and excitement.
The states which send those repressnt "a must
who, what party what interest or what faction shall
enjoy the power or discharge the responsibilities Of
peace for them il they cannot Keep It themselves,
We must, therefore, support and maintain .exisrng
people OF those States just as much as IL belongs TO
the people OF this State 10 say whether they shall
or another II do not ask or require that repre-
sentatives here or Governors there shall be white or
prosentative men freely chosen 10 these states By the
people themselves and not by outside compulsion or
republican government existing In any OF the states u
capable OF amendment. am sure that II Will hereaf-
terbe greatly amended Being no conservative, In the
narrow meaning OF that word, not only do not op-
pose, but favor all such amendments. and accept
but one Limitation for my efforts IN that drectiQn
That limitation lie the constitution Of the United
StttPg which eliOIua nOIutertcuilOp
long those States are loyal TO the Union and keep
the public peace, their own peace and the peace q
the Union. / shan not, therefore, take the sword
into my hand nor put II into The hand OF any other
person. to effect reform by force 10 those states
much more permanently through the exercise OF
persuasion and reason As little do think II my duty
TO use the sword 10 undo and remove what has
already been done in those SateS-(applausel-
whether it was necessarily done or unnecessarily
ami unwisely done. As thought the situation
which existed In 1866 ought TO be accepted by rea
sonable patriotic and humane administration do
THINK the situation which exists In 1858, after
the oest efforts which nave been made TO secure
better, ought to be accepted 1 not without
hope my friends, that this painful national dilemma
NAV he solved before the end Of the,present admin
stra ion, as all our national difficulties have been or
will he. The ambitions OF parties and chiefs must
to rest with the cese of this election ana canDess
and tranquility must sooner or later resume Their
sway over the pubic mimi. In that case shall have
little desire TO speak concerning the future admins
tration Of the government content to have per-
formed with singleness Of purpose and with all my
abilities my duties under the administration with
which am personally connected.
THE NEXT PRESIDENT MUST BE REPUBLICAN,.
II is on the other hand possible that the dilemma
OF reconciliation may continue unsolved, and may
require the attention Of the new administration. II
IL In this respect that deem the present choice Of
future Chief Magistrate not merely important, but
perhaps critically so, as the last two choices
were 80. One consideration alone is sufcient de-
termne my judgment in rns emergency. cannot
forget that the civil war has closed with two great
political acheyementsthe one the saving Of the In
iegrty OF the tnion the other the abolition of Afri-
can slavery. Personally see no cause TO fear In
any case reaction IN which both or either OF these
great attachments can be lost They are IN harmony
with the spirit OF the a9etbe established progress
OF mankind. Ny confidence, however, in this re-
spect Ia not INDUCED, do expect it to be enter
tanned by all, nor even the majority OF my patriotic
fellow citizens who were engaged with me in making
ana aiding those great achievements. Their
wounds, unlike my Own, are yet unhealcd;
their sacrifices, like some, yet unrewarded they
have been, they are, and they viii continue
to be apprehensive in that regard and these appre-
tensions win increase with every indiscreet proceed
ing or even utterance OF any person parties who
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