Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1868-09-16

Another form of tile is known as the sole
nine. the bore being circular or oval, and the
sole, or fiat bottom. being part OF the tie.
| This form is much in vogue and has lever
objections than the one just mentioned. Inc
principal disadvantages in its use are that IL
is very liable to be thrown out OF line oy the
washing of the earth beneath one OF Its SIDES,
thus rendering it at once almost useless :
great care is also necessary in laying 1t to
have its joints meet perfectly.
Another form is that known as the hatDot-
tom pipe-tile which resembles the horse shoe
tile in form but has the fiat bottom part
of the pipe itself; this seems to US the most
Objectionable of any tile now in use.
here W rem aims only the round or pipe
tile and it's advantages over all the others
may be briefly summed up as follows 1t has
no Hat side to throw the conduit out OF line );
perfect Joints may always be made, no matter
how warped any tile may be, by turning it
IN different positions; it is the strongest OF
any. can be laid with less labor than either
of the others collars at the ends of the tiles
will always adjust them and keep them ex-
actly in position, and they are probably the
least expensive form manufactured. We pre-
fer two inch pipe tiles to any other size, and
for almost any circums ances of soil and po-
sition are effectual.
The depth at which tiles should be placed
IL iot uHueI5toOu III d
lority of cases from three to four feet is the
depth at which they are most effective at
any rate they should be certainly two feet
below the lowest water level and even three
feet is found to be desirable. 1t is a rule
that deeper drains will extend a wider inf1u
ence than shallow ones, and consequently
fewer needed at four feet than two feet
depth fall of four or five inches in one
hundred feet is sufficient, provided that the
slope is continuous. In laying tiles great
care must be exercised in securing perfect
and true line for the conduit, and in meet
ing at the joints; the bottom of the tile
should be so placed that it will not move
from it's position, and the joints of the horse
shoe and allied forms should be placed on
short pieces of board. that they may not
separate or be thrown out of line. Care
should be taken to have the joints above well
covered In the pi pc tile the collar is gener
ally cffectual, but in all of the other forms
it well to lay around the joints piece of
turf. Speut tan and sawdust have been rec
commended for this purpose, but turf is as
good as either of these, and is always availa-
bic. On no account cover the joints with
sand or gravel, for these will in time work
into the crevices and the action of the drain
will be impaired.
AS to the durability of tile drains, if prop
erly laid they will last as long as the materi-
al of the tiles themselves when compared
with stone drains they are vastly more dura-
BILE, and can be laid with considerably less la
Dor and expense The opinion of practical
men is that tiles at from Sl5 to ST. per
thousand are cheaper. taking into considera-
ton the labor of laying and length of time
when they are in successful operation, than
stone drains are at simply the cost of hauling
the stones, and laying the drains. Plough