The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-07-12

apparatus of the MILL which shall reg ster the amount
OF hour or other material that has passed through
the machine, SOmew hat on the principle as the
| gasometer, which indicates the amount OF gas con-
sumed by the pipes in connection with it, No salts.
factory answer has yet been given TO the question OF
how the milers are to be prevented from tampering
with the recording apparatus, or accidentally njur
ing II so that 1t VIII not work. l have lately heard
that large cargo Of handmils costing about twenty
| francs each, suitable for grinding any cereals, Is
about TO be imported from the United States, with
view to afford the means OF eyading the tax. 1t
would be impossible for the government TO afix
mechanical teers to all these and still more To keep
up the immense stan that would be required
IA inspectors. In fact with the grlst tax as with all
! others in Italy, collection is beset with difficulties
In no country does that famous Ignorant
impotence OF taxation" exist TO a stronger extent
During the last seven years there have been scan
! daous facilities for eyading payment and the bust
ness OF collecting the taxes has carried on In
the hardest and most irregular manner Parliament
may vote an accumulation OF impOsts, but that is not
sufficient to place the proceeds within the treasury
Golfers. And here the Finance Minister may md his
crucial difficulty HIS plans are based upon the
amounts anticipated from the new taxes, supposing
| them 20 be fully and promptly paid up. nDot, what
becomes o the fair fabric built upon these anticlpa,
tons This question is one that may assume great
! Importance, especially in the Southern provinces,
| where The grist tax Is exceedingly unpopular ana
| there is much distress and discomfort
General Pallavicins brigand hunt is not yet flu
ished, but 1t still proceeds regularly and success
! fully. The work of extrpation Is an arduous one,
| for brigandage Is hydra-headed and takes deal oil
| killing 1t is only recently that some bands have
! been destroyed or broken up which had infested
their respective localities for the last seven years
In those parts not yet reached by the Generals col
umns brlgand atrocities continue, and one reads
| daily In the Southern papers of unfortunate ind
vlduals being kidnapped and held TO ransom. II
the ransom be not forthcoming they are barbarOusy
mutilated and murdered General Pallavicln
strikes at the root OF the evil and il upon
the supporters and accomplices OF these ruians as
with the latter Themselves AS a consequence the
peasantry in many districts have at length heartily
and vigorously assisted the troops In hunting the
brgands down. Hitherto they have been paralyzed
by the most abJect fear OF the marauders, half
dozen OF whom armed with muskets and pistols
have frequently held whole village in awe The
investigation attendant upon the late murder OF the
pubic prosecutor at Ravenna has brought TO light
terrible state OF things in the Romagna, which would
appear to be perfect nest OF robbers and assassns
There has been discovered less than nine secret
societies. all banded together to pursue their trade Of
The Jures are intimdated from doing their duty by
threatening letters, the menaces in which are too
often carried into effect, so that criminals are fire.
quently either not convicted at all or escape with
slight punishment. The speech of the Minister of the
Interior in reply to the question of Signor Fnzi re-
speeding the murder OF the public prosecutor gave all
these and many other SOmDre details OF the depor-
able state of the Romagna and the insecurity OF life
and property in that province. Every young man in
those parts carries either knife or pistol and the
general character OF the inhabitants being passion
ate and vindicve fatal quarres are OF FREQUENT oc-
currence The Romagna, too, has specialize for its
poisoners who dispose of their victims by dose of
what they call the acqletta or .ttIe water y this
being as am informed, white, cOlOrless LIQUID,
distilled from some vegetable which produces the
most deadly effects. Death can be made sudden or
lingering, according TO the dose employed. While
Eavenna has its medieval braves and PRISONERS,
Bologna has acquired Ill fame by the discovery of
The persons at present arrested principal members
OF the gang include deputy count and physician,
all being men holding the best position in society up
to the moment OF their arrest. Three hundred and
twenty persons have already been arrested in Ravenna
alone, and the government make the usual promises
respecting the prompt punishment OF the maefactOr
No more fruitful Of crime in Italy is the tardy
administration Of justice. Criminals are arrested
and lodged In prison. but year or more frequently
elapses before they are brought to trial. In this
manner the prisons of Naples full OF people, some
OF them having been year and half confined
the authorities have the power OF arbitrary arrest
OF mistake or Official spite. Several members OF the
Left very justly called attention to this state Of things
during the debate upon the Ravenna affair;
government which Is still obliged to maintain
there several sects-BOurbOns clericals autOnO
msts and ultra Garibaldians-whO literally make war
to the knife upon each other. The authorities have
bloody rising Of the priestly party and take precau
lions which It is hoped Will prevent an outbreak
the united fu6ctioas Of project and commander-in
chief. Thus invested with both civil and military
powers, he will be able to act with all the greater
prOmptitude in any emergency that may arise.
Much diplomatic coquetting is going on tween
Prussia and Italy. There is no doubt that the great
majority of Italians dislike France intensely and
would joyfuy hail the rupture of the Franco-lalian
alliance But unfortunately for their wishes, France
Is too near and Prussia distant. France besides
already holds Rome, and her first move would be, in
case OF war, to throw large army into the Roman
States and Italy in two. Prussia has been trying
to elicit positive assurance from the Menabrea
Cabinet as to the attitude OF Italy In Franco-Prus-
sian war. 1t would be most advantageous to Prus-
siaif Italy would keep considerable French army
in play in the Roman States In the same
way as she occupied large Austrian force in
Venetia in 1866. But the Italian Cabinet, however
much they may have allowed their wishes to peep
through diplomatic reserve have declared that in
Meanwhile Franco-Itallan relations are any
thing but friendly. The Emperor is greatly
To pay her QUOTA Of the ' Pontlca de6s
80 long as French troops remain in Roman ter
rory. Napoleon Ill. certainly has no intention OF
withdrawing his troops at present and 50 the dead
lock IN the matter Of the pontincal debt Will con-
tnue. II France herself pays ltaly's share 1t VIII
only be with the idea of extracting compensation
from the latter at the first favorable opportunity.
The intrgues between Florence and Berlin do not Of
course escape the cognizance Of the Tuileries and
add as may well be imagined, to the resentment of
France at Italian ingratitude. Italians, however,
rebut the charge OF ingrattude by maintaining that
France has paid herself for past services and has
alienated the affection OF the Italian people by sup
porting the temporal power. Italy and France will
never again be hearty allies, and the Emperor II
successful against Prussia might perhaps think little
Of destroying the Italy that he created Italy the
mcnts stepping stone to Rome.
Italian railways are by no means IN nOurishng
during the year 1867, just issued. shows u diminuon
OF revenue ~ compared with 1866 OF 900 francs
miles were opened in 1867. The diminuion Of trafic
Is shared by all the Italian railway companies and
with 1858 The Southern railways scarcely pay the
expense OF working and the most nourishing are
heavily in debt towards the government. In fact,
with the government, the lines not opened at the
appointed times and some that, according to con-
tract, should be now working are not even CON-
menced nor cannot be commenced under the present
depressed condition Of credit throughout the PENN
sula. Italy Is deficient in railway Communication to
every country In Europe except Austria and Russia
Italian railways are In the proportion OF 200 miles to
every million Inhabitants. In Denmark there are 2o7
miles to every million, In Holland 305, In spain 32l
In Sweden $50, In Prussia 1885, in France $685. in Bel
GUM 492 In Switzerland $50 and In Great Britain 747.
Tha md nf vii nam
pleted their weary festal tour, enjoying their
honeymoon in delightful secusion at the Royal villa
OF Mona, near Milan. Prince Humbert will very
probably visit Prussia In July order return the
Crown Princes visit to Italy.
MELANCHOLY RESULT or JEALOUSY.