The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-09-13
IMMIGRATION.


First Of NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Of Sieame RS
Over Sailing vessels-Decrease Of Arrivals
The Labor Exchange-Its Benefts-Smug.
Cling by Immigrants.
Everybody knows that the wonderful recuperative
powers and vital elasticity Of our country are in
large measure owing TO the constant, steady influx
OF productive labor from the Old World, and their
former surplus earnings these immigrants bring
with them in the shape of Thaer or Gulden. So far
as this general knowledge goes all conversant
with the Importance to this country OF Immigration;
but 1t Is but seldom that clear and fun and compre
hensive grasp OF the whole scope of this important
subject il vouchsafed to any. At the same time it
is impossible within the limits Of newspaper arti-
Gle to give all that information which within reach
OF the busy and intelligent inquirer which bears upon
every branch OF this matter and which IL is
sary to know to have complete idea OF the benefits
immigration is daily and hourly showering upon all
parts Of our common country.
Take for instance the half yearly statement OF the
Superintendent at Castle Garden comprising the six
months from the LIST OF January to the last day of
June, 1868. During this period there arrived this
port from all parts of Europe 226 steamers and 93
sailing vessels bringing emgrants. In steam vessels
there arrived 1o,422 cabin passengers and 95 $40 in
the Storage, while the sailing vessels brought Il in
the cabin and 1857 in the steerage, showing that
steam is more and more preferred, even by the
poorer classes for their trip to America. And there
Is very good reason for IT, One ought only to take
look at the table Of deaths board of these ships
to know the reason at once While on steamers
there were forwarded in all during these six months
105,95l persons, there but 1O4 deaths: on sail
ing ships, however, only 12,94s were transported,
and yet the number OF deaths reached the enormous
sum OF 36l, or nearly three and q half times the
times the number of passengers. This certaniy is
an exhibition OF mortality on board the old huks so
startling that even the dullest intellect must appre
bend II and be Influenced TO prefer the healthier and
swifter mode OF conveyance. More appalling still
does this matter appear II we take the re-
ports from single ports. From Hamburg there
were conveyed In ALL In steerage 12e69 In steamers
OF whom q died on the voyage, or one-sixh OF one
per cent. by sail there were brought from the same
port 1899, OF whom 100 died. or four and one-nf
teenth per cent-indeed frighfu rate OF mortality
Bremen has been conceded TO be the healthiest port
Of the two in point OF Its shipping and yet here
also, decided increase Is noticeable in deaths
on sailing vessels over those on steamers On the
latter there were transported 1855 stecrage passen
gers with Is deaths about tenth per cent or
about one In thousand while sailing vessels with
6622 passengers. 126 died. very nearly per cent
or two out OF every hundred. II IL proper however
TO add the remark contained In the books at Castle
Garden and from which these figures are taken. The
remark IL az follows:-
The deaths Hamburg sailing include those OF tho
unfortunate ~. .sip esn Taxing OIL The number Of her
gers and 10 deaths, or about = per cent
Notwithstanding this statement the relative ratio
OF the deaths on sailing vessels and steamships has
show
s: :.s: Vessels s Win 'as i: sj i X: III
: :sas 4..... Win ''s l sss l ssl 3
This table shows total immigration OF so 2os dur.
ing the two months, with 122 deaths on the voyage
or about 25lOo OF one per cent But In distributing
the deaths between wind and steam the same dis
GaEriiy "a, as heretofore Ell, noticed Is made apparent
81 deaths. on sailing vessels. with 1l,243, the death
list foots up 81; In other words, while the steamships
transported more than three times as many passen.
gers AZ the Others, they had about one.third less
deaths on board-a difference Of nearly nine times
increase in favor OF steam.
As among the pecuayties OF immigration II may
be mentioned that during the six months ending with
the rst day OF July last there arrived at this port
by sailing vessels In the steerage ia persons from
Genoa, eight from Palermo and eight from Leg
horn, and this fact alone sufficiently accounts for
the Increased number OF organ grinders and monkey
exhibitors now infestng the sidewalks OF our city.
Very Instructive is also the table OF mortality Civ
ing ,he nature OF the disease rom when deatn en-.
snip Leibnz, which, out OF $40 passengers, had 10I
deaths The largest number of the other cases died
OF sinallpox measles and scarlet fever, indicating
that the disease carried or mostly children OF tender
Years mus the ship Carl and bark Marco Polo, both
measles and scarlet fever II s to be regretted that
the siatscal bureau at the Castle Garden does not
Keep record OF Tue age, II 1t were only approxma-
i've, OF tnose VINO die on board ship during the
voyage hither. clearer appreciation Of the nature
anu character OF the health laws necessary for the
Pn.oN.vh VI NY vi snlpDOdru might result from IT,
The Immigration this year Ii stated to be about
seventeen thousand behind that OF last year though
amarked Improvement IL noticeable In the general
character OF the new comers A much larger propor.
non OF THIS number than in previous years has its
route OF travel and place Of ultimate destinat ion
ALREADY hxed and, with very short stay In this city,
some NOT remaining over for even day hnrryng
OH 10 me point Of their settlement They are mostly
farmers ana mechanics aud will, undoubtedly. prove
apebencai accession TO the productive powers OF
the country: The Northwest is most favored par.
ncuiarly Illinois. Iowa, Wisconsin, ana Minnesota
Mt many ~ 10 Minnesota and Iew,t sti hend their