The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1868-08-01
.Warm anu 6arorn.
kust In SVhent.


ny farmer W no will sow ON the same day.
oy side, III the same field, two varieties of
At one earlier than the other, NAV find the
er variety ripe, with clean, bright straws.
SIX to ten days before the other, the Der.
plump and bright. He may find the later
ety with the leaves and straw covered with
pc Drown rust. the straw so brittle and rot
rs to make it difficult to bind the sheayes.
the berry containing hut little -four. and
IN grlndin will be found to be of very in
quality. In brief, the crop is in a good
sure lost. These are the facts.
ne general belief among farmers is that the
Is some injurious substance which il nre-
ated upon the field from the atmosphere.
IS not literally correct The atmosphere
IN important agency in the matter, but to
am the matter more accurately it will be
ssary to inquire into and explain the physi.
and structure of part of the wheat plant.
stem, stalk, or straw equivalent terms is
W tube, or rather several tubes, one above
her, separated by joints. The tubes are, as
re said, hollow, but the juices which pro-
the growth do not ascend in that cavity.
horous part that encloses the hollow seems
eye to be thin and solid, but a careful ex-
ation with microscope shows it to be CON-
OF great number Of minute tubes. through
the juices are conveyed from the roet to
parts OF the plant which are in the process
owth. The ASSERTION Of the nutritiye ele-
3 into the sncculent part of the plant is
bat part accomplished, next comes the for
on and ripening, as in all other plants, Of
eed, and the beginning and the end of all
liable organizations. This is more refined,
consequently, slower and more delicate op-
pn. -.. e-a.
the nutritive elements are supplied faster
they can be properly disposed of, derange-
takes place. Mature cannot be hurried in
abors, and an excess Of materials is as fatal
deficiency. Appoplexy is as fatal TO veget-
result nearly the same The coats which
Sc the small tubes, or more properly pores,
cry thin, delicate, and attenuated. Wheth.
e juices in the vegetable economy are eleva.
y capillary attraction, by hydraulic press
pr ~ -ome unknown law of nature, is i'm
rial 10 the present inquiry The result i.
anne. The material being supplied faster
By the more refined processes it can be abb
d, the pressure becomes too great for the
9Th OF the coats which enclose it, They
The juices flow down on the outside.
watery part is carried off by evaporation,
hat portion which should have formed the
combines with the oxygen Of the atmos.
;, and, according TO the proportions Of farin-
Is matter and oxygen combined, becomes red
own rust 1t will be readily seen that the
ent this takes place the plant is dead, and
that the extent OF the injury depends upon
page of progress OF the plant at the time
the event occurs. This IL the mischief and
IT the cause. Other things, however, nee
ly combine TO produce it. Dry weather,
fresh. clear air, or cool rains will not pro-
it. A close, sultry, humid atmosphere,
high temperature, or warm showers. fall.
nring the time the berry is forming, and
2 it begins to harden, or the straw to turn,
~ likely to produce rust. -. t
sather seldom causes wheat to rust earlier
the last week in July. The danger Of rust
ually during period of from eight TO ten
before tho usual time OF harvesting. When
ias struck a field, il should be cut rs soon
be weather will permit, for disease and
then Immediately commence and proceed
ly.
guard against rust, winter wheat should
wn by the 10th, or at least by the middle of
mber. Sow spring wheat so that it will
e in bloom before the 10,h OF July, md it
pot be injured by the rust.-Ro,'cfN NDh,
yrmer's Magazine.