The morning star and Catholic messenger. [volume] (New Orleans [La.]) 1868-1881, 1868-06-07
scInru7c AND lucHAn1cAL.

6CIkNIuIC AND HXNHANICAL.
BREAKING IRoN.-The following methoi
| is given for breaking large masses of cas-
| iron, as, for instance, those Of two feet il
diameter. A hole is to be bored into thu
mass about one inch in diameter and
three or four inches deep, which is thSr
filled with water and q wrought from 1a1s
| inserted II now the heavy hammer IF &
pile driver Is allowed to fall upon the plug
the water has no chance of escaDe and the
mass is split asunder. 0'Il-1l
NEW PROCESS FOR CASTING SrEEI.-
According to the .AMeneum, M, Galy Ca
zalat has invented a process to be employed
IN casting steel, SO that fitting is rendered
unnecessary. The mold is made of the
greatest possible strength, and is provided
IN its upper part with chamber in which
9 quantity of infammable powder is placed.
When this powder is ignited an immense
pressure is exerted upon the surface of the
STEEL the molten metal is thereby forced
into every minute portion of the casting,
expels the gas contained in the steel, and
causes the metallic particles to be brought
into the most intimate union.
New ALLOYS OF LEAD AND Tim.
flhO describes two new alloys containing
less tin than ordinary pewter, which are
not acted upon by boiling acetic acid or by
salt water, and may, therefore, be used for
some kinds OF utensils- The first alloy con-
I'll.
1t has density of 9.64 and melts at three
hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheit.
1t is made by first melting the lead, and.
after skimming it, gradually adding the
TIN by stirring it constantly with a wooden
stick in the meantime, the lead is prevented
alley consists of one part of tin with I.25
OF lead 1t is less malleable and more
brittle than the first.
IMPROVEMENT IN MAKING GLAss.-The |
changes of various kinds which glass UNDER |
goes have recently been subjects of con-
discussion. Some varieties of
glass cannot be perfectly cleaned, owing to
ms sillcous compound to decomposition.
The pure white unalterable Bohemian glass
g slllcate OF lime and potash, but it is
very infusible and difficult to work. Taking
advantage of the we'll known fact that a
mixture of the carbonates of potash and
GOA fuses ut lower temperature than
ether salt alone. Professor Stas substitutes
'uch a mixture tor> the potash, and thereby
obtains a glass as uSalterable as the Bohe-
man variety, but much more fusible ".id
ORNAMENTED PAPER.-Puscher's process
or ornamenting paper with silky CRYSTALS
o Is to mix the gum made by heating COM
nercial starch to the three hundred and
wenty degrees Fahrenheit, known as
srltlsh gum, with equal parts of EPSON
ats and of water, to which is added a
mall quantity Of glycerine. After being
rought to the boiling state, the mixture ia
mmediately strained. While yet warm, it
spread, with cancels hair brush, upon
aper previously coated with thin solu-
ion Of glue or gelatine. The paper, ON
eng dried, presents beautiful crystalline
urface: The size Of the crystals may be
.aried by altering the strength of the solu-
ION, and by drying the paper more or less I
apidIy. Crystals Of different tints NAV be
'ade by mixing analine colors with the So I
i 1I!, anu preparing the paper with the f
How TO MANUFACTURES CHARCDAI.- 6
J. GflllOt, IN his memoir to the French T.
cademy of Sciences on the condemnation
wood, says the only condition essential il
7 the production of good charcoal is that a
e operation proceed slowly. The decom- o
'sitaon OF wood commences at about the O
bling point of water. During the decom- "
'sltlon, the production of carbonic acid Il
uses development of heat in the retort O
eater than that outside of it, when the o
at applied approaches three hundred de- a.
ees Z. Too rapid an increase of internal s.
at gives rise to tar and gaseous products
in a corresponding degree the W
ef1l accessory products, as well as the Il
eld OF charcoal. The condensed products II
oout forty eight per cent? when the n
nperature of the oven is two hundred a,
eighteen degrees C.. In this way a -.
zen amount of wood will yield about =
o thirds its weight of charcoal, and seven ~
eight per cent, of acetic acid. -,
OF CHARACTER.-Fine fell a.
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man who never refuses to lend YOU o
ney, and the fellow who is courting oh
IT sister. ~:
ientle peOple-The Young lady who Let's br