The New York herald., 1868-05-30

OF capital in that country; Dut that is not wanting to
France, who mas 100000 600 In her bank and who
neis Of communication are indeed inferior to those
OF England but the real cause or the superiority
quantity produced This is true in ali IL trades.
machine Of 10000 spndles manufacturer cheaper
s snan one one o. 10000 mine yielding 500 900 tons Of
tons; Then, again, II we turn to our marine we 1nd
English vessels trading with full cargoes whilst ours
wish to my couny ~Sen
say tnat we were the vctors OF Austeritz zoe
.ns ne namqu,sed sss a. Taagd and that oy chat means
colonies lApplause.) Turn the question as you
may, this, after ALL is the explanation. gov
not only be honest It should also be good father Of
family, and his first duty should be regard 10 the
interests e., Of MS SC children But what has France
the States Of Europe wished at rst to follow in our
wake; but seeing the deceptions to which they were
adopted the principle. Those who say that France
Is unworthy OF liberty proclaim the moral inferority
bencses Ali that we have ewer se
than the English, and that the difference ought be
compensated for by, system OF tariffs wisely and
when he was In different position wrote books
which all enlightened men study, and he then de.
to France that by their application the country
would lose two milllards and that two millions Of
working men would be thrown out OF employment.
At that epoch the Ministers held the same opinion
and in the Constituent Assembly they all voted with
me. (Sensation.) Everybody was then protectiOnist
venture to say even NJ. ROuher himself
M. ROUHER, Minister of State-I voted with NJ
Theirs In the Legislative, not in the Constituent
Assembly, and should have thought it very impru-
dent to do otherwise at period when there existed
no stability whatever. Dissent expressed on the
opposition benches; applause from others)
ter than now.
M. THIERs-I am delighted at having induced the
Minister Of State to explain his change of opinion In
manner which seems SO satisfactory to the Cham
ber. daughter from the lefty Yes, in a few days,
suddenly and without consulting any one all was
changed and free trade introduced. Three branches
OF French industry were injuriously aifected-agri-
culture, the mercantile marine and the production OF
M. DE FORBADE LA RooUErfE. Minister of Com
merce-There Is nothing In the treaty respecting
agriculture: The sliding scale was abolished by a
bill passed in the Chamber in 1853.
M. THIERS-NO doubt but that law was necessary
consequence OF the treaty which changed entirely
duce fell we were told that this was the effect OF
abundance, but In fact 1t was the result of foreign
competition in our market. The agricuturists were
advised to make efforts and to progress because the
pecularty OF this system is to command progress as
the Convention formerly commanded victory. The
ted, but were unconvinced. Then, as respects the
merchant shipping, liberty is not what 1t stands in
need OF; it wants freights. English vessels bring
coal to France and American ships cotton. What Is
the reasOn9 This, that the regulations have been
abolished which by system OF surtaxes compelled
the English have established entrepots whence
they can have return cargoes, and by
which they derive advantages oppressive to
the French mercantile marine. / now come to the
production of metals. The finest iron Is in our coun-
try smelted with wood; this branch OF industry
Is suited to France, and 1t making progress, but
the treaty gave advantages to the coarer sort of pro-
duct0n by coal and by the lowering OF the duty from
enabled, at periods when she has gIut, to send in
her goods even at fifty per cent loss on the prime
cost. Then came the drawback warrants, the abuses
OF which have been pointed out and which have
practically resulted In reducing the duty from six
TO two francs. The iron industry being suffering,
1t increased its production but only to receive lower
prices. Suppose the gentlemen at the head OF those
establishments answered the government in this
make mistakes In your expeditions. Various move
ments, laughter and marks OF approval from the
opposition) DO not FORM false judgments as to
the situation of Europe, and perhaps you would be
less embarrassed than you are" Matters ought not
to be placed on so elevated footing. All govern
ment has to say to It's subjects s be laborious and
upright, and you will gain your livelihood. (Hear,
hear.) The textile manufacturers addressed in
similar style. Be active and improve your macnIn-
cry, 30 they were told. They did so although there
was not much necessity; ana then came The 4Uert-
can ctUH sodr ana the dedrh or cotton, echtch had
been one OF the principal or our materials. BY
new and fraudulent processes Of manufacture, by
mixing cotton and wooi-the weft one and the warp
and people said, ASi free trade Is right With re-
spect to these three branches OF industry the illusion
was complete. But never shared 1t, as the words
which pronounced in this place the 14th April,
1906, prove. When the sliding scale abolished
Waa s our In Mo%a ~ the be
greater: was answered, "fou Will never again see
NJ. DE FORBADE LA RooUErrE-It was you who
said so; not me.
NJ. THIERs-No; not 1. / said that good harvest
would mitigate temporary distress, but that the same
situations would be repeated. (Nose) Well, after
low prices there comes dearness and still all your
official and semi-oical advocates had told US You
NJ. AUGusTE CHEvALIER-The variations 1t was
stated would be less.
M. TnIERs-That is as grave On error as the other.
The price last week was thirty-six francs for the
hectoitre; In 1S47 and 1854 OF the greatest dearth
during the last thirty years. the average quotation at
MarseilleS and Lyons was twenty-nine francs lex
clamatons OF dissent.) l believe the difference ID
even one franc more. (Fresh interruptions.) Now,
to the merchant marine 1t Is In deporable state
to say the least; and this Is the consequence OF
the abolition Of the surtax on goods not brought
from their port of origin. The English have estab-
lished entrepots, whence our merchants supply them
selves promptly and on favorable terms OF credit and
French vessels therefore no longer bring rce indigo,
jute coffee and sugar from the Indies. English ships
entering our ports are, compared with french, In
the proportion OF sx eight and ten to one. This
state OF things Is similar In al our harborsDunkirk
at OF the vital forces OF the country because who
is ignorant Of the fact that the successful issue Of the
Luxembourg affair due to the fear OF seeing our
feet in the North Sea- (Sensation.) SO much for
the present. But there IL danger imminent In the
future. We allow, under treaties, English. Ameri.
from their own without additional charges,
as ours Is received In theirs; but coming
from . foreign c0untry-Central America Chile, Bra
I'll and Peru-nations which possess no merchant
marine-foregn vessels are liable to the surtax and
this leaves the trade to French ships. Well we
told that next year this protective charge Is to be
abolished; and what ask Is that vote OF this Cham
ber should warn the government against taking that
course Should 1t be followed our merchant marine
will entirely disappear (SensatiOn.l In the Medt-
terranean the situation Is the sanle but there, in
nags, such US the spaniards, Italians, Greeks and
Austrians. or 100000 tons, they take more than
one-half, and OF the 100000 which remains 100000
represent transports with Algeria The Italians
are not satisfied with bringing their produce, but