The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1868-10-20


by treaty with this nation, have agreed 70 secure
this protection to the people OF the whole world.
lCheers) IL was aid such as no other nation mad
ever extended to mankind. Rome ana Greece coud
only prorect their citzens where their armies trod
but America protected her citizens wherever her
nag was unluried. lCheerst Republican principles
had been triumphant not only in the majority or Inc
States. but everywhere, and on the Sd OF Noycnl-
Der next, from the same causes, Seymour and Blair
woud be found without electoral vote in any loyal
State. lCheers) The day was not far distant when
under the principles which now bind together the
republican party, and nc welcomed all the people to
inc next great srpgsS which was he contest mt or
whether bonds shall be paid in coin, whether the
heroes should have certain privileges and lions
whether the country shall have peace ana the
people said, with Grant, LET us have peace,"
a sy Sace se %ae then ae
three great parties. 1he parties under Lincoln Bell
ana Douglas wanted peace, ana they gave In the
in lean beggarly, reasonable minority even in the
late rebel States and Ill he could gain to the stan
dard OF his faction 100000 votes. The 100000
men under Lincoln, Bell and Douglas, TO preserve
the peace they desired agreed 10 proposition-the
question being the issue OF sayerytc amend the
constitution SO that the States should have no power
10 disturb the institution Of slavery where Il existed,
and in CONGRESS passed The provision by o twothrds
vote, and they also agreed that II any OF the states
had passed any laws infringing unon tho rights OF
the slave States in regard 10 the return or fu2iyes
that those laws should be modified or repealed.
Here, then were 5000 oo0 OF people, by Their repre-
sentatlves in Congress- by constitutional enactment
mad 70 INC policy OF tne government up to that time
But the South was not satisfied. Tho North objected
only 10 the extension OF slavery where y did net
then exist. Tie South demanded The right TO
tend it, ana upon this question these eight hundred
thousand voters plunged me country into war, and
aiter ave years OF struggle the North came out VIC
tclIous. tApplasel He did not hesitate 70 cay thai
every concession was mace after the election OF Lin
coin TO avert the war; did lie hesitate to say that
the Southern leaders were unwilling TO let peace
prevail. and were NOT willing 10 let the people OF the
South speak for themselves, but plunged the country
!
ginning the republican party was tie party or peace,
ami it had since been strengthened by democrats
and conservatives until nc last that party alone has
IN both houses OF Congress The same tMo-thlids
vote i was not IN, necessary for him ito to
done for peace. After the ended, 10 give peace
to the country the reconstruction OF the rebel states
was necessary 1t was and is now the only question
that remained 70 secure peace: We We're told that
there was danger in the Capitalization OF govern
people Of the s Several es Mr. ncon aid not
this. lie gave the power to govern TO the friends OF
the government in those States that were 20 be re-
constructed and provided for the enfranchisement
Of those men who had been enancipated. II was to
be done gradually; there was never so many Of the
States coming IN at one time as TO disturb the har
mony Of The Union and never SO many OF tliem left
outside as to threaten is peace Had his policy
have been established by the people them
selves; all classes, white and black, would have
had he peace Which Grant Claims ana Which S the
people must have now. The rebels rejected these
terms and The democrats at the North sided with
them, and the question was therefore left without
action until 1867. The South wanted the power OF
government left to themselves absolutely, and their
Interpretation Of the constitution was to cover the
country with blood. Mr.. Johnson succeeded Mr..
Lincoln through national calamity, and proved not
10 be as wise man as Mr.. Lincoln either In military
or civil affairs and yet he saw that 1t was absolutely
necessary to the peace Of the country that there
should be reconstIuction, and proposed his plan.
rebel States as unit, and when they rejected his
offer, instead Of leaving them alone abandoned his
own policy and followed theirs. lie specified sixteen
classes OF rebels that were to be excluded
from power altogether recommended the ex-
tension of suffrage TO negroes and demanded
tle reputation OF the rebel debt. How did
the South receive his propositions They &C.
cepted his power and rejected his counsel
power he had wrongfully conferred upon them, and
in such manner that John Quincy Adams In his
letter said that their forms OF government seemed TO
recognize the right OF secession and to establish
slavery in some form or other or course the loyal
mocracy North and South wanted the power to
govern the country restored TO them without any
took mp the question Of reconstruction for Itself.
The work had to be done and there was one to do
dert0OK IL matter Of necessity. Congress claimed
the recognition OF the emancipation and OF the
of the rebel debt and the payment OF the loyal debit
that the southern States should be recognized by
question Congress sad ar the South gives Suffrage
to the negro It's powers shall be extended to their
representative power system on the basis on which
1t existed in the Northern States. The history OF the
world did not ofier snch an example OF magnan-
nous clemency on the part OF conquerors to the
quered as was embraced in these Reconstruction
laws OF Congress. II was unanimously rejected by
the Legislatures OF the Southern States, aud
two States in the North chldishy undertook 10
repeal the consent their legislatures had given
these acts. The democracy and the people Mt the
South claimed that 1t would be unwise 10 confer the
right OF suffrage equally with intelligent men at the
polls; but IL was the democratic members in Con.
gress who made this universal suffrage bill law by
their votes upon the passage OF the DILL In the re-
publican party there was large majority who be-
int 1to hoo
free government and recognized the fact that capacity
and intelligence was necessary. That was his 1.-THE
speakers) opinion now, also as 1t was Them In caucus
they were majority upon the question: but in the
House they were defeated by the democrats. "
they wanted intelligence to be the basis 1t would
have been law, hut every man OF them, without
exception voted for universal sunra2c The demo.
Gratis were Responsible for IL; they wanted, as they
thus hoping to defeat them. The republicans seeing
the democrats support the measure, voted for it, aud
now the republican party would sustain it.
In conclusion General Banks addressed himself 10
what he deemed the unimportant issues OF the can
vass-tayation, the national expenditures and
finances generally. These he claimed were false
issues, which the democracy sought TO create as
cover to he real issue. lie advanced nothing new,
however. on these propositions, merely claiming
and adducing figures to show that taxation had
been rendered necessary by the democratic party;
that they had been largely reduced since the close Of
the war, together with The expenditures, NC. He
closed his address by criticism Of the respective
candidates public services aud characters and
made an eloquent appeal in behalf OF Grant and
CofaS.
ttneful SlaFi' Was next lntrOuuceG ana saiu tlat
he came forward not to make speech, but to testify
by hs presence his abiding faith In tho grand prnci-
pies which were INDICATED By the glorious triumphs
Of the Union army. j. Eas glorious achievement
that the Declaration OF de;endence was at last |
reality, that slavery had beei sued and that
every man within the broad limits Of this entry |
eaiaiS. Til; nation waa not ics the Irish. Tor The
German or for any other nationality In particular,
bat 1t embraced every one who came within Its bor- |
dcrs, no matter from what quarter. Speaking OF |
lie
cation not for usurpaton for the letter OF Frank
r. Observation-Disclosures they would maintain at oil |
hazards the reconstruction policy which alone could
restore peace to the country.
Mr. BEDFORD OF Indiana, spoke next, remarking |
at the outset that the meeting before him was the
largest he had witnessed during his political career
lie adverted to the dcmoralzed condition OF the |
democracy, and gave some humorous sketches or
Seymour and Blair which were highly relished by
the audience. Mr.. Bedford spoke In low tone OF