The Hawaiian gazette., 1868-11-11

[From Ia Re,ne des peux Monde.. !

political parties was passionate, vehement
and painful, for it was not without heavy
inward struggle that those who desired to
establish the German nation had arrived
at the conclusion of discarding the Ger
man Provinces of Austria, thus amputat-
ing one of the main parts of the national
body. When Arndt, the celebrated poet
and renowned bard of the great country,
gave his vote, he tainted senseless in his
chair. But the eloquence and authority
of Mr.. Henry Won Gagern, carried the hes
itating votes in favor of limited Ger
many, and the Assembly adopted, by
great majority, the following Article, by
which Austria was excluded from Germany:
No part Of the Empire, composed of nom
German States, shall be united 10 it as
State" This is the origin Of the 4th Art
icle Of the Peace of Prague.
In order to fully understand the actual
movements of United Germany, it is ne
cessary to recall to mind, in few words,
the unexpected and sudden events of the
year 1850, because it is from them that
the events of 1866 have sprung.
The Parliament of Franckfort, it is well
known, offered to the King of Prussia the
hereditary Imperial Crown but although
he had promised to his people that he
would be the German King" and that
the constant ambition of his life should be
to promote the interests of his country,
yet he was not determinedly bold enough
to accept. Frederic William was undoubt-
edly an eloquent orator and poet, but
not a man of action his mind was en-
lightened and cultivated, but his will was
weak. Prejudiced by ideas of the old
regime, which the recent instructions in
Berlin had but confirmed, he did not want
to commit himself with the revolutionists
and be knew, besides, that he would have
W hhSe wal Will AusIiia, udChcu DJ 1suo-
sia. He nevertheless tried to participate
in the national work>of Unity, by impart-
ing to it less revolutionary turn, and he
wished to constitute Limited Germany
by obtaining the suzerainty of Prussia
over the minor German States. He con-
cluded, accordingly, on the 10th of May,
1s49, treaty with the Kings of Hanover
and Saxony, embodying these views, and
having full confidence in the men of the
party of Gotba, who were the moderate
deputies of the Parliament of Frankfort,
ALREADY dissolved,) he convoked q new
Parliament at Erfurt. Frederic William
was advised at that time by General Won
Radowitz, an illustrious writer, with an
enlightened mind and real talent for states
manship, but evidently blinded in regard
to the almost insurmountable difficulties
to be overcome. He wanted to give pre-
dominancy to Prussia, without the assist
ance of the revolution, and in avoiding a
war with Austria. His plans were des-
tined to meet with certain failure.
Austria had had her energies entirely
paralyzed up to the end of the year lS49,
by the insurrection of Italy and Hungary
but the latter being subdued, she evinced
a renewed vigor under Cne leadership of
the Prince of Schwartzenberg, an active
man, whose words were soon followed by
acts-the very reverse of Radowitz and
his King. He first of all isolated Prus-
sia by detaching from it Saxony and Han
over. This was not difficult to accomplish,
for they had sought the support of Prus-
sia merely against the revolution, and now,
that the revolution was passed, they we're
afraid of her, and turned to Austria, the
very embodiment of the conservative spirit
in Germany.
The Parliament Of Erfurt failed because
Frederic William, frightened at his own
audacity, FASTENED TO close the session on
the 29th of April. But Schwartzenberg
did not show any sign of such hesitation,
but bravely pursued his object. He pro-
posed that the old Diet should be re-
established, and that confederation of all
the people of Austria-Slavenians, Hun
garians, &c.-should be admitted into the
German Federal State. He succeeded in
getting the alliance of the sovereigns of
the South, and In the month Of October,
the Kings of Bavaria and Wurtemberg
joined them, and drank, in Bregenz, to the
success Of the Austrian armies. Thence,
he proceeded to VarsOvia, and obtained
the satigeca of the Emperor Nicolas,
the protector Of Austria, and the dreadful
and awful Agamemnon before whom all
the potentates of Germany, great and
little, were then trembling.
In the meanwhile, Frederic William was
engaged in two very arduous affairs. In
order to gain the favor of the liberal patty,
the only supporters left him in Germany,
he assisted the insurgents in Holstein,
who wished to take Schleswig from Den
mark, and in Electoral Hesse he encouraged
the people in their revolt when they had ban
ished the Elector and his execrated Minis
ter, Hassenphug. Austria profted by the