The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1868-02-19

pans or penalties by virtue Of that law,
except chose employed in the army or
navy, and except tho militia in actual
servicc, but by authority Of the legisia-
ture.
SEQ. %. In the government of this
commonwealth the legislative depart
ment shall never exercise the executive
and judicial powers. or either of them
the executive shall never exercise the
Legislative ard Judicial powers, or either
Of them the judicial shall never cxer.
else the legislative and executive pow.
ers or either Of them, to the end of it
may be government Of laws and not
Of men.
SEC. 20. The Legislature ought fire.
quently to assemble for The redress of
griovances-for correcting, strengthen
ing and confirming the laws, and for
making new laws as the common good
may require.
Sec. 80 The people have a right to
keep and bear arms for the common de-
feEcc. AS in times Of peace, armies arc
dangerous to liberty they ought not to
be maintained without tho consent of
the legislature. The military power
shall always be held in an exact subor.
dination to the civil authority, and be-
governed by it.
SEo. 81. In time Of peace no soldier
ought to be q,larlcrcd in any house with.
ont tic consent Of the owner; and III
time of war, such quarters onght not to
bc made but IN manner prescribed by
law.
SEC. 80. No pcrson who conscicn-
tiously scruplcs TO bear arms shall be
compelled to do so. but he may pay all
equivalent for personal services.
SEC. 33. All elections shall be free
and open, and every inhabltant Of this
commonwealth possessing The qnalifica-
tions provided for in the constitution,
shall have an equal right to elect officers
and be elected tor public employment
SEC. 81. No property qualification
shall be necessary for an election to or
the holding Of any Office, and no Office
shall be created. the appointment to
which shall bo for longer time than
good behavior After the adoption OF
this constitution, any person who shall
fight duel, Or send or accept chal.
lenge for that purpose, Or DO an a'der or
abetter in fighting a duel, SHALL be de-
prived of holding any Office OF honor or
trust in this State, and shall DO other
wise punished as tho law shall pro-
vide.
SEC 50. The right of suffrage shall
be protected by laws regulating cleo
uons, and prohibiting, under adequate
penalties. all undue influences from
power, bribery, tumult, or improper con-
duct.
SEC. Sc. Representation shall bc ap.
portioncd according to population, and
no person in this State shal be disiran-
chsed or deprived Of any of the rights
or privileges now enjoyed, except by the
law of the land or the Judgment of his
peers.
SEC. 81. Temporary absence from the
State shall not forfeit a residence once
obtained.
Sec. 3s. All property subject To- tax
alton ought to be taxed in proportion to
its value. Zach individual of society
has q right to be protected in the enjoy
ment of life, property, and liberty, ac-
cording to standing laws. He should,
therefore, contribute l,ls share to the
expense Of protection, and give his per-
sonal service when necessary.
Sec. 80 No subsidy, charge, impost
tax or duties ought to DO established,
fixed, laid or luvied, under any pretext
whatsoever, without the consent of The
people or their representatives lawfully
assembled.
SEC. 40. Excessive fines shall not be
imposed, nor cruel or unusual punish
ment inflicted, nor shall witnesses be un.
reasonably detained.
SEc Al. No title of nobility or dis
tinction, or hereditary emolument shall
ever be granted in this State.
$50. ~. All navigable waters shall
remain forever public highways, free to
the citizens Of the United States, with
out tax, impost, or toll imposed and no
tax. toll or impost, or wharfage shall be
imposed, demanded or received from the
owners OF any merchandise or commodi-
ty, fer the use of the shores, or any
wharf erected on tho shores, or in or over
the waters Of any navigablo stream, un-
less the same be expressly authorized by
the Legislature.
SEQ. 43. The enumeration Of rights
in this constitution shall not bo constru.
ed to impair or deny others retained by
the people, and all powers herein dele.
gated remain With tie people.
ARTICLE -.
sODIcfAn DsPARrmsNf.
Sac The jutiioiaipo this 81 ate shall
be- vested in Il Supreme Court, and in two
Circuit Courts, to wit: A Court of Common
Pleas, having civil jurisdiction, aud
Court Of General Sessions with criminal ju.
rlsdictior only, In District and Probate
Courts, and in Justioes Of the Peace. Tho
General Assembly may also establish such
municipal and other inferior courts as may
be deemed necessary. s"'"
See The Supreme Court shalt consist
Of three judges, TWO Of whom shall consti.
tute quorum. They shaff BE elected by
joint vote Of the General Assembly for the
term Of six years, and shall continue In
office until their saocessoys shall be elected
and nuol;dad - N'lHb 's''NN - HEt