New-York tribune., 1868-09-22
TILE REr0LUTI0N IN SPIN.

THE REVOL UTI0N IN SPIN
The crisis seems to have come at last III un-
fortunate Spain. A well planned insurrection
has broken out simultaneously in all parts OF
the kingdom. The generals who few weeks
ago were banished have returned TO place
themselves at its head, and an admiral COM
mandng the fleet off Cadlz has Johed
il with his entire force. In some
places the royal troops have for the
present overpowered the insurgents; but
the latter have already gained one great vlc-
tory. The Ministry, who during the past few
weeks have been abandoned by all, even by the
leading men of the Moderado party, and
only supported by few obscure generals nave
acknowledged their inability to quell the revo-
LUTON and have rendered their resignation
Marshal Concha, one of the chiefs OF the Lib
eral Union, it is reported. has been requested
to form new Ministry.
A few more days must now show whether
the leaders of the present movement ann
merely at change of the Cabinet, or whether
their programme embraces the abdicatlon OF
the Queen. 1t way be regarded as certain that
the insurrection is the Joint work OF the LID
eral Union of which Marshal O'Donncll was
| formerly the head; OF the Progreslstas'
to which Espartero and Prim belong
and of the Dcmocratas, the Radicals
of Spain. The former have never
advocated more than a constitutional mon
archy, with very moderate but real power OF
the Chambers to take part in the government
of the country. The Progresistas demand more
| sweeping changes. many of them being IN Ia
vor Of universal suffrage, one Chamber ana
other radical reforms but as party
they have never opposed tho monarchical
| form of government OF late. many OF the
| leaders have been supposed 10 favor a union Of
| Spain and Portugal into a Kingdom OF Iberia
! under the rule of the King OF Portugal. The
Democratas embrace all who entertained re-
publican and socialistic ideas. 1t was reported
some weeks ago that the united parties had
agreed TO insist on the abdicaton Of the Queen,
| to call Constituent Assembly on the basis oi
universal suffrage. aud to leave To ITS decision
the disposal OF the throne. If tho Queen has
offered to the Liberal Union the Prime Minis
try. il must at once become apparent on what
| terms they have joined the coalition, aud II
| they intend To adhere ~ it rather chan be CON
| tent with restoration of power under Quecn
Isabel.
The probability is that Spain is on the eve
| of a radical revolution, which will both nd
| the country of its present ruler and Introduce
| thorough changes in the form of government.
| For years the country has been in state of
| indescribable confusion aud disorgannation.
| The finances are IN hopeless cOnd-
ton. Trade and industry are paialyzed.
| Public education has suffered incalculable in
| jury from the removal of the ablcst professors
| at the Universities and Colleges OH account OF
their supposed Liberalism. Liberty of the
Press has long ceased to exist. The result OF u
census taken last year is said to be decrease Of
the population by four per cent. While large
portion of the country people belong among
the most fanatical and ignorant classes Of
| Europeans, the population of the cities are en-
thusiastic adherents of radical reform ideas.
| The Radical Reform party is said to be pos
| sessed of greater strength than the radical op-
position in either Italy or France. IL will
require an appeal to general suffrage to OBJ
tain a clear idea of the relative strength Of the
several parties.
| Nothing at all is known about the relations
of the Duke and Duchess dc Montpensicr to
| the present movement. In the intercepted let
| teIs of the leaders the name of the Duke has
| frequently been used but whether with his
| consent is doubtful. If the revolution should
endanger the throne Of the Queen, an appeal for
aid will undoubtedly be made to France, but no
intimation has yet been given of the course,
that in such case would be followed by Louis
Napoleon. He would use his whole influence
to prevent the dethronement of Queen Isabella
and her family, be it in favor Of the Duke of
Montpensier, the King OF Portugal, or any
other change but it may be doubted whether
he would go to war if his advice were not
needed. A war between Spain and France
would be very tempting opportunity for
Northern Germany to cross the line of the
| Maine.
The future of the Spanish question is, there
fore, full of mystery. A great change is GER
tain, and it will certainly be an improvement.
| A Liberal Government i'll Spain will be the
natural ally of Prussia and Italy against
France, and therefore a new pledge for the
peaceablc progress of reconstruction in Europe,
which at present is threatened by only one
man, Louis Napoleon.
| -
! Mr. Mclean has not yet found opportunity
| to answer the communication addressed to