The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-10-05
Ths Revolution I'm Rome.

Nothing was easier for the Italian Govern
,nent than the arrest Of Garibaldi, but it could
not arrest the idea he represented. The
Italians protested in insurrection against the
imnrisonment of their leader, and in answer to
4bat nrotest Rome has risen in revolt, and
tbreatens to overthrow the temporal power of
the Pope. In the capital city, where the Papal
+roons are concentrated the people are held
down but in Viterbo the outbreak has not
been ouelled; the patriots have rescued the
town of Aquapendente, in the northwestern
corner of the Roman territory, and, as the
Florence telegram informs us, have possession
of the surrounding country. This is news of
extraordinary Importance. 1t is not merely
local revolt but is inspired by national enthu-
siasm Only in a political sense can the
Roman States be considered an independent
territory In fact, it is portion of Italy, and
when the Romans rebel it is for the sake
of Italy, and at the suggestion of their fellow
countrymen of Tuscany and Umbria. Not
only in the cities near to Rome, but in Milan
and Naples, the arrest of Garibaldi was fol-
lowed by insurrection; and there can be no
doubt but that this revolution will be sus-
tanned by the moral force of the Italian nation,
and directly aided by the Garibaldian volun-
teers. The standard of revolt established for
three days in 0rvietO will find thousands of
Italians to sustain it, and though Victor Ema-
nuel may prevent the advance of organized
forces, it will not be easy to prevent his sub
jects from taking morning walk from Tus-
can vineyard into Roman field. The line of
division is only dotted upon a map, and
Garibaldian volunteer will not find it difficult
to cross. The nationality of the movement
makes it serious. The Holy Father has nomi-
nally to suppress an insurrection of his own
subjects; in fact he has all Italy to deal with.
The Papal throne is, therefore, in danger,
and the danger is increased by the refusal Of
the Italian Government to send troops to its
aid. This statement we believe for the iudig-
nation which followed the arrest of Garibaldi
must have convinced the Ratazzi Cabinet of
the danger of opposing the people. The wrath
of Italy is more to be feared than the frowns
Of France. Nor is there any treaty which
binds the Government to assist the Pope. The
Convention of 1864 simply required it to sup
press any invasion of the Roman territory
from Italy, but did not compel it to help in
putting down revolt of Romans. 1t fulfilled
its obligations when it arrested Garibaldi.
To send soldiers to Rome without the pretext
of treaty, would be to deny the very creed
that gave independence to Italy, and would be
as offensive to the Italians as the action of our
Government would have bers had it sent
troops to aid Maximilian in Mel Ico. The Pope
the revolution, the Italian Government will
acquiesce; if the revolution suppresses the
Pope, Italy will profit by the result. 1t is,
perhaps, not unfortunate for Victor Emanuel
that the Romans have risen, for that act may
be the solution of the dilemma in which he
was placed by the conflict of French policy
in his Cabinet with the unconquerable purpose
of his people.
But the torch of war cannot be lighted in
Rome without danger to Europe. The tenn
poral rule of the Pope has for many years
existed solely by the will of France. The
withdrawal of the French troops at any time
previous to the Convention would have caused
an insurrection, and in that Convention it was
the object of Louis Napoleon to secure the
Papacy. When Garbaldi advanced to the
frontier, the cable informed us that French
soldiers would be sent to Rome, though we
believe they were not sent. Nothing, we
think, can now save the Papal rule but the
Intervention of France, yet if that is attempted
it will be in violation of at least the spirit of
the treaties. The great point of the September
Convention of 1854 was the withdrawal of the
French army from Rome, and that was finally
completed in December, 1885, it cannot re-
enter Rome in October, 1867, without making
that compact nullity.
There is, therefore, reason to credit the
report of an interruption of the friendly rela-
tions of France and Italy, for there is too
much reason TO DelleVe LnaJ LOUIS Napoleon
is disposed to carry out his old policy of inter-
ference Whatever be the result of the revo-
luton, we cannot but welcome any event which
may free Italy from France. Her course is
now directed by Minister who executes an
alien policy, and opposes national purpose.
Italy left to herself would settle the Papal
question without war, and-.without impairing
the spiritual authority of the supreme Pontif
1t is France that insists on the subiugaton o
the Romans, and the separ alton of Rome from
the rest of Italy, and it is France thathas com
PEELED this revolution to which every friend o.
italymust wish speedy and permanent success
The hopes of the Italian patriots were all with
the Union in our late war, and our sympathies
with their purpose are equally enthusiastic
and earnest.