New-York tribune., 1867-10-02
SCIENCE.
TAT MAKvs IRON FIBRous THE London

WHAT MAKES IRON FIBRoUs f-The London
sng.eHg sSys & when M HI hoiS air into rbe molten
metal objected To the product That IL had no nDer
a. common pudded iron mad aud that without fiber
Eust be necessarily weak. In this mfeTeuce-which was
wholly theOretcalwe did not concur. and the QUESTION
ire particles VI wrought iron are brought o high tenn
peratUre without the presence of an intervening ma
tria they cohere In every direction and the iron not
nbrOus But when Stag Is inteimingcd, as in common
padded iron is the case There are hteTS cun oi
Ender which, wien the iron is passed through rolls are
not wholly expelled, but only greatly atenuated
snd planes are then very numerous and pass m
avery longitudinal direction, they prevent 10 some eA'et
the latent adhesion O the PARTICLES, which, however ao
here eud 10 ed,and hbrOus iron is thus produced III -
now well Known Thar homogeneous IRON ls huc sIUie'
than h0rous iron But at the beginning OF inc mahuac
ture hOer accounted az necessary ia IRON as ~
or thfead-a theory resulting merely rom tne % U
the production Of fiber b. the modes on manuiaciure men
exclusively employed In ne ease OF iron HroIucT&o & ~
becomes filed with Stag. which binders the sioes from
being eectualy welded under the hammer But IN me
EeSsemer iron, a. the slag Is absent the sdes Vi .o
bubble cOhere when the ngOt is subjected 10 ptesSue
SUI lot after having been poured an 10 allow them TO
cool and o heat them afterward For In the Que case e
heart Of the ngot the hottest part ana IN the othef inc
coolest
How PAPER Is MADE IN CHINA.-MOst OF the
paper used In China IA made from the DaIk Oh various
trees and plants and from the bamboo. The manuiac
rnre of bamboo paper is carried extensively in the
southern part OF the country In selecting sock rom lo
bamboo plantations on the mountains preference ~ eSen
- the stems which about 70 put out branches ana
leaves EaTly the month OF Junehe canes are eI ito
pieces from five TO seven feet long anu lacssu ca ~ II
Which IS supplied with water After soaking Tor seVeIa
eels the canes beaten with maets, III oldcf 10
move the thick bark and green skin. The remaining MA
fncuts resembling rc sort of hemp, are treated WIN
inc ard water raised 10 q certain tCmpei1ture AUer
repajrg In this bath for week the hlaments are
rpIneved washed with cod water passed through ley
made OF woOtashes ana then placed in boiler Ihis
p.Occss is repeated until the material begins 10 grow
putrid, wlcnt is transferred to mortar ana pouhaeu
intO pulp by means Of water power after which tue mass
is treated with bleaching powder Tho pulp thus pre-
paFed Is made hy hand into sheets Of various thkess
b. means Of a web of silk tissue within light frame
on 70 which the workman places the required quantty OF
pulD When the has O from the corners OF the
fae lie turns the sheet 10 large table, when
II pressed Each sheet is afterward raised and drlcd
separately kilu bn for that purpose writing paper
D. made from the finest part OF the bamboo material
Another kind is made by mixing rice straw win @ the
bamboo fiber. A very strong paper used Tor WINDOW
bfnds and other articles which i'm this country are gen.
egay constructed Of substances is made by MIN
tg GO per cent of the bark obtained from tree called
"chot with 40 per cent OF bamboo material. Another
variety of strong paper obtained from the bark OF the
mulberry tree and used in the breeding and culture OF
siBworns The material, made from thinner pup;
f. employed In the manufacture OF umbreas 1ahs ana
resCreens Bark paper which Is 10 be painted ls hst
passed through solution OF ann water 10 destroy the
fne famenfs which commonly found on the upper
side Of the sheet IL lies the silk TISSUE frae-the
lower SIDE in contact with the tissue being much more
smooth For many uses when only color Is required
the cOlurug material is added te tile pulp