New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1867-11-19

dies proposed garden grounds are recon-
mended
Growing out of the large farm system of breed
ing short horned cattle and utton-sheep are
gangs of agricultural laborers, composed in part
of women and children, and in which the sexes
are mixed, "as if to use the words of one,
"they were nut in a sack and shaken together"
SO manifestly brutalizing has the gang system
become that Parliament has been forced to
legislate on the subject, and an act, we think,
was passed, to take effect next season, which,
among other PROVISIONS limits the ages
at which children aud girls shall engage
in farm-abOr In the reports OF the Club
meetings we have full discussions responsive
| to this legislative action. Among other subjects
education came mp. We learn that lnstruc-
ton has been going on several years, and they
hope it has done some good. Still, it was the
opinion that only boys naturally bright should
be educated, leaving the majority to be hewers
| Of wood and drawers of water, for they never
could be more. To force public system OF
education was objected to, for fear OF tlirther
differences on religious subjects AS TO pre-
venting young children from being put TO
work, and as to discouraging women from
the lawmakers should be very careful how they
interfered with the means by which the poor
man earned his bread. One said that in Marsh
land the most prOvident fathers and atlectonate
mothers sent out their children, under proper
regulations, and there also the best women
worked in the field and the speaker added
that he "wished his own wife could go, if she
"could help fill the purse" The proposed laws
were made by men who did not understand
the case. The Prince COnsOrt had said, You
"must be very careful how you touch the poor
mans loaf"
Other speakers and farmers declared the law
dsgraceful. If girl was not permitted to go INTO
the field before she was thirteen, she ought not
to 90 mt all. There were many kinds of work
in which children from eight to ten would swell
the pittance of their fathers wages OF 12s. and
13s. 1913 to SO 2j) a week. Did Parliament
mean to teach that with this average wages
a man is to support from four TO ciSht
children, when such children could pull out rs
| many weeds az their mother cOuldf Parents
ought to be permitted to place their children
as they please but the Legislature SAID NO.
One wanted to know if the country would
make up the deficit to the parents, and an
other said that children at this tender age
while earning money, were less likely 10 DO III
than those at Is and 1G. Then the supply OF
cottages seems difficult to solve, for the houses
built for all other classes of laborers yield
profit of seven and a-haf per cent, while those
furnished to farmlabOrers for some unknown
cause. were found Improbable. These state
ments. he it remembered, are made mostly by
the head farmers, who do not own, but who
rent the land. As regards the cottages, it is to
be said that the comfort of families Is a thlng
capital is not able to take into account. Fig
urcs cannot touch it.
Another underlying difficulty is in the obsta-
| Giles thrown around the purchase OF land. III
seems that, aside from the demands OF the Law
of primogeniturc the titles to lands are bound
ND in families for upward OF 40, and more
likely GO aud 20 years, nor is set free even Mt
the close of these long periods; for, as each
succesSor comes of age he cnCals to his pos
terity, subjecting the property to jointures, and
portions To Younger brothers and sisters, which,
with other restrictions by virtue OF church
laws and common law customs, produce "A sys-
tenn so abstruse and complicated as almost to
require the learning of a lifetime to under
stand il. Even after land is sold, claimants can
come in who, mt the time of the conveyance,
were "under age. in prison, beyond seas, mad,
4" or unborn Hence, no one of limited means
can pretend TO buy land and make good the
title; and the existence of small propretors,
such rs the yeomanry, is made impossible.
Other difficulties exist regarding leases, for
frequently farmers have no guaranty that they
will get returns for improvements except in
iroIx IN, m
the details of our statement it is not improba-
bic that we mistake some things, but the
general ideas must be accepted as correct.
The kind of farming which is carried on is,
of itself. an indication of all these difficulties.
The main products are meat and bread which,
snguarly enough, correspond to the products
of barbarous people Large estates are III
grass, grain, and turnips, and the greater part
of agricultural industry is devoted to the pro-
duction of beef and mutton for, if we may
believe the statement, in England only 100000
acres are in wheat, while in Ireland there are
I OOO. 900 acres. Meanwhile with the products
of their factories a vast trade IL carried on
with all parts of the world, bringing i'll ex-
change articles of necessity and luxury With
the rural population so pinched and degraded,
it is no wonder that they seek relief in drink,
and abandon the farms, crowd into towns, pro-
ducing agitation and disorder ending in rotous
demands for bread
1t cannot be that this CHASTITY picture, which
is drawn from the English papers, gives IA cor
rect idea of England and her people, notwith-
standing we give the following from gentle
man in this city This Summer he accompanied
shooting party on a large English estate, where
30 men were engaged in beating up the game,
and for If months these men had not tasted
meot In fine towns and cities there must be