The New York herald., 1867-02-27


the hindmost Is the largest In reptiles we hnd that
these three swelln have about the same dimensions
evs With ne 70 rSes about as
large as the hird swelling which raised In dmensions
rom the otler. This is properly the hemlspnere Of
the nfan usrating this Is the occipal portion Oh the
brain, and this the cerebelum In birds we fnd that
the front part far developed as already 70 cover IN
measure the middle swelling, but leaves the hind
70 the quadruped fnd that the front swelling covers
sns middle swelling completely, though !. aoes NOT
cover the hind swelling at all And wnen we come 70
man we md that only is the middle swelling but the
hind swelling also covered in such manner, and the
position so changed that instead Of extending on the
same plan, rising slightly, the in the rep
tie or santing, as Is the case in the bird mamma IN
wh me n. drought 70 sans
Ine backbone along the vertebral column
Beyond this you see at once that there is
no proress possible Here have the anterior part OF
the brain which extends the middle and posteror
region Of the middle and hind parts OF the brain in per-
fectiy harmonious manner, and the whole commands
the entire system in manner which to be exceeded
would lead TO rerograde movement and not TO on
ward progress Take the different forms Of brain which
we have among You will Hnd the forehead little
more or less developed Pass from them TO the mon
keys you win find that the cerebellum will be
fact, you have q complete series, which shows
tnat between men and monkeys and monkeys
and reptiles and fishes there is an uninterrupted grada.
ton OF more or less complicated structure but with
=, TINS hs o,ns that the distance from one
sion Of animals we have something similar (The Pro-
fessor here drew table upon the black board showing
the various forms OF animals which had existed
in all geological periods prior to the presently
Most OF the animals which had existed in
former periods exist now, both in their orivl
nal type, though more perfect type also exist
at the present time The transmutatIon doctrine as-
sumes that animals are derived from another and
that there is primitive cell formed from which ali ami
MAN may have been evolved. The doctrine is that all
vertebrates are derived from primitive vertebrate
artculate tina all molluscs derived from one prjm
tive mollusc, that all fad.ates derived from one
primitive raa'e and that these four primitive types
formed by the combination Of those fortuitous
elements which are acting wherever light, mos.
ture and matter are brought into contact with
one another This Is doctrine proessed by many emf.
nent modern Of science the ground that every
thing which exists started spontaneously by the for
NATION Of prim tive cell, under the influence OF light
acting upon matter. There has recently appeared q
striking production ON action Of light upon mat
ter as original ng living be,ngsn which fairly exnressss
the views Of that school Darwin and other English
men OF science, entertain the same doctrine in differ
ent Light. They assume that the first impulse was
given by an intellectual power, and that this
impulse has resulted in the unfoldng-ln
Of all followed Tho doctrine which support
is that il is not only the few that started In the
not TO time only that has been limited
but that creation has through all ages and that
under the direct influence Of creative acts all the
differences which exist in nature have been brought
about cloud appiause.) These are generalzatons
Now let Us see what the facts are; whether tney
will sustain the German transmutation doc,r me- or
whether the English doctrine comes nearer 70 the
truth. And if neither be shown 70 be correct
are not hneal descendants Of monkeys. but that
we are the chosen productions Of Divine intellect and
that we are made In his resemblance. But these are
interpretations let us look at the facts more and
ascertain how closely they approach my view Of the
case Nearly all the radaies mollusks and the lower
first insects find belong TO the carboniferous period
and We cannot find them before Then among yer.
tebrates we have fishes from the beginning Then we
have reptiles from the carboniferous period onward
We have birds from the gurastic period thou that Is
somewhat questionable We have also all mammaiia
possible objection which may be made A fossil
has been found in Canada, which is claimed 70 be the
first animal iving on earth Whether il be an animal
or has not been yet fully ascerained There are
controversies upon that point and within the last few
months discussions have arisen in learned societies
whether this was or was not the remains Of ylnc be-
ing say let In such instances initiate the method
Of astronomers when there osery which are
foreet reject those observations until they are 80
repeated that there be doubt about the fact So
is known that 1t a living being, and until its |
structure s far disclosed that nothing ed be predi
Gated concerning its alintea From this brief state.
ment you see how many Glasses we have had from the
Is, you see how many classes were |
con,emporancous with ono another his is a matter Of
fact Information ON record. the Geological Museum IN
Albany will furnish the proof OF this statement Now
be admitted that contemporaries are descendants OF
another. and that animals have appeared To-
gether the time are derived the ono from The
other? Certainly not We have least represen tayes
Of these different classes IN the earliest strata but this
not all lhe poIybs have existed from the begin.
ning through ali ages. The polybs at the earliest
period among the lowest while have polybs OF
much hgher grade living now. And with nearly all
he lower types living beings II as II all these
ypes had been improving, rs II they had undergone
S,an,r - 81 nna Sa Ia
while we have polybs now that superior 10 those
which lived in carrier periods we have BY the OF
hem poybs as low the first known, low as those Of
The Oldest time What impaired TO those simple
forms the desire aud gave thom the capacity
10 become something higher and TO go on producing
q NJ mi ain
selves as they were at first? II they really possessed
power to produce something higher than themselves,
how Is II that at the mo they ha,e the power 10
remain on the lower level themselvesS That is the
character Of the facts as we have them While we have
have gradually higher and higher have the lowest
form side by side with the highest at the time 80
81 shs
and at the time not changing That log and
think that doctrine which has facts aga nst 90
garing these Is not true Interpretation nature
We have the same thing among the mollusks We fnd |
Of the bvave shells the Oldest beds that
we know. We havethem now also; but rave IN sue.
cessive time all the dvcnities Of higher and higher bi
valve shells up TO the clam, fresh water mussels
and al these various shells. Can IL possibly BE-
other shells, and at the same time remain in |
q condition in which Il could not changer do nos |
which is capable OF producing such results. But |
know that mind can do IT. know that author, when
90 T. % o. s:
he s capable and he can DO IT in such manner that
what he records may be successively the evil
dence OF his gradual prosress, and In = the |
end may be the evidence Of hts highest |
culture and ct the same time he may recall, II II be
only memoys sake the dongs Of his early days aad
place them side BY side with the productions Of his
maturer years And IL Is just that which We read in
nature We have an early manifestation Of creative /
power, have later and higher productions and we
have by the side Of this latter manifest reproduction Of
what had been In the beginning The fact that insects
begin only In the carbonerous period is another and
striking indication Of the working VI mind in this pro-
cesS During the earliest periods Of the earth's
history the whole Of 10 surface was covered with
water There room Cor terrestrial animala When
land and vegetation began 70 be extensive have the
first indication Of land animals in the Introduction Of
insect And here let call your attention 10 another
point II because nature has undergone successive
changes that animals ana plants nave made then appear
into esistence, living benss or have these physical
changes taken place and been directed In such
TO prepare homo which living beings be dis
tvbuted the question 70 simply thishss the physical
world all ~ changes been productive Of the organic
world or there been intellectual power superin-
tending the whole In such that the physical
conditions should b brought about BY which the living
beings should nd an appropriate home for their growth