The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1867-01-04
PRICE FIVE CENTS.


ncr in which it could DC obtained.
The United States assessors in that
Territory, if they were called upon,
would he very apt to mako liberal cs-
Innate, especially if they participated
in the feeling in favor of a now State
which is felt by other gentlemen who
arc here from the Territory, and opin-
ions from them not predicatcd upon an
actual enumeration would he utterly
worthless, would be 50 unreliable that
any man might be thought destitute of
good sense who should think of forming
an opinion upon them. We, however,
have the population of the Territory
sufficiently established for all practical
purposes in the statistics which | have
presented, as we have also in the case of
Colorado.
l say, then, that it is proposed hero
to- admit Colorado into the Union as a
state, with population not exceeding
thirty thousand and Nebraska as
State with a popuIation not exceeding
fifty thousand, while the ratio or mum.
bor requisite for n member of Congress
in all the old States, the settled portion
of tho country, is one hundred and
twenty-seven thousand; and Us u rep.
resentative of three million people, who
constitute the political community
known as Pennsylvania, am asked to
givet to seventy-flve or eighty thousand
people double the representation in this
branch of Congress that is possessed by
those three million, and to givo them
also three times the representation to
which their numbers would entitlc
them i'll the House of Representatives.
Sir, I cannot do it; and no member of
this Senate or of this Congress ought to
ask my State or its people to assent to
so unreasonable proposition.
We agreed when the Constitution Of
the United States was formed that our
numbers should 90 for nothing in this
body.
That was feature of the compact
among the thirteen members which
were to compose the Union; but there
was to be representation according TO
population in the other branch of Con-
gress; and that principle that States
be represented according to numbers in
the House of Representative is The on
ly compensation which the large States
received for the surrender of the prn-
ciple of numerical representation in the
! Senate.
That representation in the House is
| ,lnI I,,,t LII
disproportionate representation in the
Senate, it is not merely the equality Of
thirty thousand men of the mountains
of Colorado in this Senate, with three
millions in the east it is not the equal
ity Of fifty thousand upon the plains of
Nebraska in this Senate with three mil
lions in the cast; but it is the represen-
tation of these Territories with eighty
thousand population, in the House of
Representatives as if they had two hum
drcd and tifty-four thousand, or enough
for two Representatives., according to
the ratio under the existing act of Con-
gross. 1t is then, not senatorial in equali-
ty alone against which we object, it is
representative inequality, also.
\ .d, sir, what are the reasons which
are 70 reconcile us to this injustice?
Is there any complaint in the Territory
Of Nebraska Of bad government? Does
The Executive, appointed by the Presi-
dent and confirmed by this Senate, op-
press its people: Are the Judges sent
thcre by our advice or consent corrupt
,,r tt,,g l. nIt.txy
secure? Is not life secure? Is not JUS
ticc administered fairly? There are no
complaints; there is no reason for COM
plant. We are told in this debate that
the Governor Of this Territory is accep-
table to its people; that he is in full ac-
cord and sympathy with them; in
short, that there is no foundation for
complaints by the people OF the Terri
tory or any part of them in regard to
, the existing government which has been
instituted by Congress.
The Senator from Ohio who sits near
est me Mr.. sherman spoke abont the
expense of territorial government.
lie is q member of the Finance Com
f mittce; he is looking after money mat
. ters with great care, and he wants the
, Territory admitted as State to save
, the expense of II territorial government.
In that connection let me give some
: facts in regard to another Territory.
General Sherman. in his recent report
/, Of the 5th Of November, speaking OF
the Territory of New Mexico, says:
p "The whole Territory seems pastoral
: land, but not fit for cultivation. The
y mines undeveloped are supposed to be
Il very valuable, but as yet, remain most
v ~ in q state of nature. We have held
+. this territory since 1916, twenty Yeas,
at a cost to the national Treasury of full
y one hundred millions, and doubt if il
n will ever reimburse to the country a
Il tithe of that sum"
= BY the census Of 1860 the population
h of New Mexico was 93.5iG. At present
a General sherman says: "Thc entire
? population may be estimated at 10000 )"
II and from other information which /
+ have examined | suppose it to be some
e What more than that. Here is a Terri
- tory With population Of 100000, a
t Territory very expensive to us, and
c where, if you need relief from the bur-
Il dcns Of territorial government, you
+ should apply an enabling act and or
Il e;li4e a state government and get rid
If Of some portion Of the burden, at least
,, the burden Of the administration of
: civil affairs