Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1867-06-10
tFrOm the Baltimore Sun.l-
who Has the negro TO Thank?

hOraee GTeeley, Jne DOnuSman OF JeHer-
son Davis, congratulates the country on
Stree speech South" When Senator Will
son addressed the people of Montgomery,
they ''sent their best speaker to debate with
him." not lynch him. That debate seems
only half published. Mr.. Wilson's rejoin-
der has not appeared. We are told he tore
the reply of General Clauton to pieces
We should, consider that a hard job, for
tthe bondsman"s may well call the speaker
"best.o He made an admirable reply, suc-
cinct, straightforward and manly.i More
over, 1t contains the very pith of the whole
question, The negro has little to thank his
white friends for, either North or South.
The cupidity of the white man sought the
African in his heathen home and brought
him for selfish purposes to this country
New England men, as well as others, en-
gagged in the slave trade with eager zest,
built and furnished ships with crews for
the expeditions to Africa, bought or stole
the natives, and, transporting them to these
shores, sold them to the colonists. There
was no more humanity in their conduct
than the merchants possessed who bought
Joseph and carried him to Egypt and sold
him to Potiphar. safa az l's s-aa
1t was a matter of trade and money max
ing. The transition from the savage bru-
tafity the African coast to the simple toll
OF the agricultural South was an improve
ment in condition scarcely Ineligible by
one accustomed to the advantages of even
the rudest civilization. Slavery was the
common incident of life before the transfer
to Christian masters. Its sufferings were
greatly, mitigated here. So far as physical
comforts were concerned-and, indeed,
every condition of health and food and
manner of life, as well as punishments, ex-
posure and work-the change was beneti-
cial. To great extent the relationships
OF life amongst them were rpdely disre-
garded, and their rapture, by separation
and removal of parts of families was not
attended with the class of feelings with
which such separations afterward were
regarded by, slaves removed from one State
to another, or would be regarded by civil
lied communities They were early sub
iected to the agencies of Christianity, and
taught amidst their lowly life, to cherish
the benign influences of Instruction and
Christian benevolence. T6eir exile ffom
Africa introduced them to civilizations to
Christianity and to freedom. -
In the main, the ply sical comfort of the
slave was question of economic science.
not of philanthropy and religion. His
value as laborer depended upon his activ-
ity and health, and the average time his
servicessc could be made available before age
and feebleness,,or ill-health and decrepi-
tade, ineapacitated him for work. His
moral advantages, to a great extent, grew
out of his situation amongst Christian peo-
pie, who found that religious instruc ion
and acts of worship, with the day of rest,
were, if not the source of definite informa-
tion and distinct sense of religious obli-
CATION, at least reactively beneficial to his
orderliness and quiet department, and even
ability~to labor. With the wonderful i'll
crease of the negroes there gradually grew
up higher interest in their moral welfare,
for it was soon felt that such a mass of hu-
manity would be a fearful evil if it should
remain uuinstructed and degraded by the
habits and feelings of ignorant servitude.
Stories of suffering and criminal neglect,
OF crueley and superstition, with the gen.
eIal advance of religious interest and COM
petition of churches in schemes of benevo-
ience. led TO a systematic inspection and
oversight of the moraland religious con-
dition fof the slaves. The domestic mis-
Sions of the different churches largely con-
tributed to ameliorate their condition.
Thus, by process gradual and destitute of
drfinite plan and rigid system, the tone of
domestic slavery was improved, and the
physical and moral wants of the slave were
provided for. -..l -,-o o
: The civil war, which the passions of the
white race stirred up, has ended in the
emancipation of all the slaves and the en-
franchisement of those in the States which
were in rebellion. Neither party aimed at
such result. The Southern people to the
last refused to emancipate or arm the
slaves and not until it was necessary to
ALLEVIATE the slave from the master and fill
tbeuuotas of delinquent States, did the
military and civil authorities on this side
agree upon the policy of emancipation and
Enlistment of the negro, and announce it
officially. Until the very last stage OF the
war there was a well-known and avowed
willingness on the part of this government
to make peace without emancipation. This
is true of the official history of the war and
its progress, whatever may have been the
growth of fpublic sentiment and the private
opinions of individuals among its support
ers. The Status of the negro is, then, the
result OF the wondrous course of events,
without any very special design or con-
certed and acknowledged plan of the
white man. His passions and po-
litical strifes, have released the slave
from bondage. These were controlled to
this issue by the providence of God. By
this event He has thus mysteriously inter-
mingled with the active and educated An
American, the laborious and patient
German, the vigorous and enthusiastic
Irishman, the mercurial Frenchman, the
italian, and the Scandinavian of this coun-
tfy, the African-disabled,- it is true, by
his servile habits,-but vastly aided by his
American tutorage for competition with
these superior classes of population. Ev-
ery-civil right-will be granted to him, and
as he develops the qualifications for them,
political rights, compatible with the safety
and happiness of all, will be gradually con-
ferred. The tendency and the feeling
North and South, lie this way. If they
are tn warted, it will be the fault of the ne
gro himself or of his injudicious advisers
Should he allow himself to be torn, away
from the steady pursuit of lawful and re-
inunerative toll, and to be excited to turbu-
lence and dissipation by greediness for po-
litical advantages, his progressNwilt be
slow. 1t will subserve the purposes of pol
iticians to keep him degraded. z
GarfieId-nof Gone TO Europe.
The Mahoning Register says:
General Garfield, while on the eve o
departure from Cleveland for New York
last Friday, to take the steamer fol
Europe. received a dispatch Informing
him that his presence will be indispensable
in an important law case in Western Vir