The Portland daily press., 1867-10-31

last Northern Monthly; together with the us
ual variety of miscellaneous news, agricultur-
al reading, shipping news, market reports
| &c, &c. .f.. Ri. -
| Parchment versus Facts.
The payment OF the tribute levied by New
Jersey upon the outside barbarians who are
unfortunately compelled to cross her terrific
| ry is attended with expressions OF annoyance
which clearly indicate that people think
| something ought to be done about it," There
are even spasmodic appeals to, Congress for
legislation to circumvent the devices of New
Jersey mOnopolists for making their State no
thorOughfare, Camden and Amboy is a
| stencil In the nostrils of the whole people. 1t
is extortionate ard unmannerly. 1t is fairly
aggressive in stupid, swinish way, and not
content to be passive monstrCsity, only too
glad to be let alone. Hence liberal use of
expletives on the part OF the travelling public,
and menacing movements by legislators at
regularly recurring intervals; and did not the
giant monopoly expire by statutory limitation
at an early period, it would be swept away by
the people in their righteous Indignation even
at the expense of some slight infringement of
whatever legal OF constitutional provisions
might be invoked in Its defence But there It
Is for the moment, and II you would 60 to
Washington you mast submit to its sway or
take oircuitoas route. 1d h1'3to seh
But suppose instead Of being a shire wish
and selfish sIster State, New Jersey were an
independent and rigidly despotic power. In
that case our Great Grandfather" at Wash
inSton In transporting his troops, his military
| stores and his mails by the most direct
way from North to South would be Obliged 10
pass through alien and unfriendly territory
he must submit to such surveillance of police
and Of custom house officers as the reigning
power chose to prescribe, to stern-visaged Off
cials, thrusting unsanctifed noses and peering
with diseourteous eyes into the trunks, band
boxes and packages Of his loving subjects
Suppose further the antocrat Of all the Jerseys
| and his government to be hateful In the eyes
Of bis people, who are one in race, language
and political feeling with citizens of the Unit
ed States from whom they are separated by
purely arbitrary geographical line. Suppose
the autocrat himself to be mere galvanized
mummy, as obsolete as the style of architec,
ture in which the pyramids are built, and on
kept on his throne by the influence and
bayonets ofa foreign ally powerful enough to
overawe the United States. Worst of all,
let the country be bound by certain favors
scornfully flung to 1t by this foreign ally and
by treaty stipulati0ns to prevent its citizens
from assisting in the overthrow of the ty-
| rant. When the popular excitement rises to
such pitch that the United States are hard
ly able to keep back the patriotic invaders
from the New Jersey frontier the watehful
ally drops down from Halifax and ST. John
with his iron-clads and his transports, and
marches his troops to Trenton. If In addi-
tion to all this 1t be remembered that Trenton
is the ancient capital of, America, rich in
historical memories, and closely associated in
the minds of the people of the whole coun-
try with all that il greatest and best In their
literature, their art and their fame, you have
the italian Question,
The only railroad from Florence, Victor
Emanuels capital, to Naples and the south
ern part of his domains, passes through
Rome. The Papal government, supported
by Its mercenaries and the friendship Of
France, and hated with perfect unanimity by
the people of the whole peninsula, Including
the Romans themselves, is not backward In
taking advantage OF its brief authority and
making its police and custom house regula-
lions as onerous as possible. Every Italian
subject who enters the Papal States must pay
dollar into the Papal treasury before he can
depart. The subjects of the Pope and their
brothers across the ilontier long to rush into
each others arms. Italy wants Rome, and
Rome wants Italy, but Napoleon forbids the
the banns, and the italian King, bound by his
fatal September Convention, feebly echoes
him. Every consideration of national pride
and personal ambition prompts the latter to
eonnive at the movements of Garibaldi and
the Party Of Action. At times he seems on
the point Of throwing off the yoke and defy
Ing France, but stern admonitions from the
Tuileries check him, and he makes show OF
restraining his subjects. Garibaldi is arrest
ed and sent to Caprera, but the Italian gov
eminent no more means to keep him there
than the American government means to
hang JEFF. Davis. He repeatedly escapes, and
at last accounts Is fighting at the head of his
patriotic troops In sight of the dome of ST.
Peters,. sa< rJ asd .r..7I
As presented by the latest telegraphic dis
patches which we have received, the situation
In Italy is more profoundly interesting than
at any time during the war of 1868. Three
things seem established: First, the Pope un-
assisted cannot Withstand the onset of Carl
baldi, who has already as many troops as op-
pose him and is constantly reinforced by It.
allan patriots thronging over the border
Second, that the popular sentiment of Italy
has now become overwhelmingly in favor Of
the absorption of the Pontifical States blythe
rest OF the Kingdom; Third, that France win
| interpose, and shelter the Pope with its broad
agis. The most important question of all Is
that relating to the government at Florence.
VIII 1t yield to the promptings of its own de-
sires and the wishes of Its own people, or to
its fear of France9 On Sunday night French
| fleet arrived at, ,Civita Vecchia, and second
| fleet sailed from Cherbourg for the same
point on the same day. Meanwhile the in
surgents have driven their opponents within
the limits of Rome and forced them to act on
| the defensive. s. -
| This being the situation the 9 wild rumors"
which are telesraphed from France, though
not well authenticated, have no anteeedent
improbability. For what can the King do but
resign? A fearful alternative Is presented to
him. With his bankrupt treasury and i'm
| perfectly armed troops he is in no situation to
meet France on the battle field. On the 9TH
er hand, so violent has become the excite
ment of his own people that, if he disregards
their behests, he, as we'll as the Pope, must
hereafter rely for the support OF his throne
upon French bayonets. Nor Is it in itselfIm-
probable that a young, able and aspiring man,
like the Grown Prince Humbert, might think
| it the path of wisdom to join In the march
on Rome, and trust to the justice of the cause
| and the events OF the future to restore him to
his fathers throne In spite OF France and pa
/ pacy. Nor would such hopes be altogether
extravagant. France has lost much of her
military and diplomatic prestige within the
/ last four veapa Har traasnru Ia nono -. "a =,