New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1867-07-12

lingering in England practice belonging thoroughly
to the savage eolcereI tas 81 af 4 On u
that the ike NAV happen 70 Inc enemy. rIom tIho
10 time there is still found hidden about come oon-
ty farm such n as sn eai Of atsmped u mag
vengeance, Mr.. 1yiOr read some extracts rom Aaa-
Kies almanac to show that asIology sun existed IN
eXactnesS in England ana bad lIs patrons. mus
these snDerstitions may be traced from their rise
among sayages to their decay among educated men.
Out of this state Of nlnd we M a.g an fet Ie
ism to form basis upon which higher intellectual
STAGES have been reared Out OF the faculty OF assoc
oiafjon of thoughts yet unchecked by experience,
or;se those delusOns " hich embiter the lie of the
savage and carry stream OF folly lar on into the
culture of the higher races. But through age alter
oe there has gone on slow process of natural sOlu
ion ever tending to thrust aside what is hless,
and TO favor what is strong aud sound. Man. says
Wilhelm Won Humboldt, ever seeks the connection,
evan of external phenomena, hist in the realm OF
thought his first endeayOr IS To rule nature hom
But the great series Of lectures Of the year-the
greatest perhaps delivered IN London on its sub
frct-have been those ethnoogy, with which Prof.
Huxley has just closed the season. They were ~ IN
number 80 impressed were his hearers, among
whom were several eminent men and ladios-Miss
Cobbs and Lady Lyell being very regular llsteners-
with the immense number of novel facts adduced,
that the Professor has been earnestly pet0ned on the
subject of their publication. Twill, however, nave
reason to fear DO five or six years before he Will DO
able amid his pressing duties at Jermyn-st Museum,
the Royal College OF Surgeons and the Royal lnstI
to prepare them for publication 1t IS impossible Tor
me- in the space of letter to furnish even an out
line of the wonderful statement, which was Illus.
tated by photographic maps, skulls and portraits OF
persons OF all races, in both ancient ana modern
times. must content myself with presenting lew
OF tho principles which make ms methoa Oh INJURY
and the general results at which he arrived In de-
Gliding upon relationship and ailintleS between
races Professor Huxley considers first, complexion;
and he finds four great classes OF cOmplexons Whlch
Unjust suggest here by the words white, yellow req,
and black, though neither Of these colors are
completely represented in any race or any
man. lie then relies upon the shape OF
the head which he finds divisible more
or less into long. short round, and prominent or
otherwise in the lower face. lie then relies on tex
tire of Che hair Next no considers the language as
onolvzed by comparative philOlogy then the SINH
arity Of customs, of seliefs OF habits &c begnnhg
with tho Australians he finds but one tribe REARED 10
Them and that is "a small tribe IN the Soutl OF lhda
He finds that there existed in the nclghborhood OF
the Caspian and Ara Seas, III ancient times inc one
mt the North the other at the South, ght ana piS
eyed aud q dark and blacls-oyed people. The dark
people are found adhering TO the coast ana may DO
traced from Persia all around by Italy to their great
western center tho Basque region OF SPAN thehce
they skirt France Wales Ireland, and are the imme-
date ancestors Of the swarthy ButOns Weish, ana
"MicsiansN Of Ireland OF TINS day. FROM tie Al1l
Sea to Saint Malo in the West OF france thefe Is sGh
a level country that one may drive a wagon all the
way without upsotting IT, mat was inc pain ny
which The migration OF the fair race took pace, ana
whentney arrived here they mixed WIN the baSluCS'
and TO that intermXture Frof. iiuXl9y a.tlD-
utoe the varieties Of Europe. lie strongly opposes
the idea that differences OF climate cOuid ever nave
moduced the notifications of races, and insists mat
fhe mixture of races accounts for all lie traces no
resemblance between ,the Africans and any other
race and finds that there is o geographical reason
of Africa was q part Of Europe, and ultla-Sahaim
Africa was an island. The Egyptians passed over
between these and Africa being almost tracca-
bio now. at low. tide. From the -I.gyPtiais
came the SyTians, Arabians Aunsiniens,
&c. The Chinese, TarfaTa, &c, skirt northwau
into Scandinavia. But beyond Them there arc tribes
that resemble the Indians OF the extreme norm OF
America These are very different from the aborifi-
MOS of Sonfh America The Professor finds that each
great kingdom OF race had IT'S several and Original
civilization. There was an Egyptian Chinese
Greek Mexican Peruvian ilIzltiOn, ana neiihef
Of these can be regarded os having been pfodueed 10y
the other, though our later centeTs OF CIVILIZATION
may be traced 10 one or the other OK these Ihe de
tails he gave concerning these civilizations were eX-
tremcly interesting. He quoted rom very ancient
Chinese writings lOf date several thnisud years re
fore Christi the golden rule, and found thnt WIN
them originated the idea that government existed
for the benefit Of the people governed instead Of the
governors. lSome one present observed aiter tho
lecture that he thought 1t wouid be adNiSahic 70
got the Chinese TO send missionaries 20 Iur0pe.l
When considering the ancient Egyptian ClYilizal0n
the Professor read US an Egyptian novel dec iphsIed
from monumeuts which existed lone before the days
of fhe Pentateuch which WIS clearly the original Of
the story OF Joseph and Potirhms Vic and PISS
good deal OF the style OF the ARABIAN NiRhi5 III H.
with reference 10 Che grand question OF cthnOlogy,
whether AL races migrated Foin sllkle center yi,
Agassiz thinks, were orginaiiy ioFn'h III VIC 10
lands where they found. IrOichSOr huxley mus
in tho Darwioian theory a. po,1it where "iisr,
many cenfera FOR the human family may
mite lie thinks that in entirely prehistoric timfs
fhe FeoRTaphcal structure OF the earth was very dt
ferent from what il - aud that there were INKS
aud paths between the islands aiid continents, Whch
exist no longer over the whole earth dis
tribu~l some very low primitive stock of the human
type and in the progress OF ages these were sepa,
rated the one from the other by vast geologic ana
geographic changes. Then. by gradual selection the
weaker and uglier Of thS stock in each place passed
away before the stronger, until they were improved,
and gradually eliminated IN Their various ciyIiiZn-
tons Thus each, in its present form, was created
in its own island or continent
While Professor Huxley was in his closing lecture
giving these views could not help being struck by
the foresight OF our old Bon Franklin, Who In
letter concerning tho Indian relics OF the Weston
States, suggested that once upon a time the world
may have been wrecked like vast snip anu that
the islands continents, &c. were the pieces OF n 10
which people olung being thus divided up into tribes
and races from which were developed the various
peoples found scattered through the world. The
letter TO which refer will be found ia Duyckncks
Cyclopedia of American Literature and rs quaint
land now, it seems; importantl 81, speculation
HuxleyeveT heard that the idea had bee nsuggested
by Franklin aud indeed II was an inevitable deduc-
ton from his own facts This makes NJ all the more
striking that Franklin should have Anticipated what
must now be regarded as the deliberately adopted
theory Of the .most accomplished ethnologst IN
Europe, and one who has gained tho cOnildenco OF
the scientific world everywhere by has faithful pur-
suit of truth his profound humility in adhcung TO 10
when found, and his severe critical scholarship,
which is able TO separate from any and every ore the
grains OF simple fact il may contain.
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1,ru roNcTTTUTTDN6T CONTFNTTON