New-York tribune., 1867-10-18

divided the powerful aborng class against ITSELF and that
II the whites brought together they would naturally
pick up new ideas OF labor and tho value OF educaon
and the South would In an incredibly short space Of time
find the eleven millions OF abOreTs actually taking priyt
leges without asking the ruling minority Of ono mios
| slave owners
Only this extreme ignorance OF the poor whites" ana
negroes concealed the designs ana actions OF the ruling
owners were enabled to go step further and by per
feet system not less carefully tnan that which
bed 10 create and foster prejudice and ennit between
them in heart and interest The two races though be
longing TO the same labOrng class were placed IN every
made Offensive 10 each otSer The plantation oyersser
always "poor white" and when practicable he
Yankee overseer commanded better wsses than any
Others not because, as his employers took great care 70
slayedryer" but because that he Yankee" and
poor white had its effect With the negroes and the
Yankee" who would consent TO become overseer was
not considered by his employer as dangerous emssap
among the poor whites In politics % the same syse%S yaS
abroad after 10 O'Clock at night the Jalor who confned
sd them o and The who
laid on the lash for these petty oense from among the
ments of the higher offices Of the General Governments
maintained by the slayeowners the whole OF the
whites "nOt as tub the whale" but bait to the
fish it not concession, but conspiracy that prompted
the generosity. The who with bloodhounds hunteS
down the runaway slave were always poor whites ana
1t the kind master who healed the wound and res
cued the slave from his pursuers and prosecutors IN
their ignorance these two factions OF the same aborins
believe
tagonstc instead Of identical and they could never es
made TO understand that the eaveowners were the enc
mics OF both, and sought to enslave both Andrew john
OF Tennessee understood this we II not better.
than man in the South, and in aboring for years
between the "pOor whites and the rich planters ho
touching at one root of the great evil but johnson had
the vital point. He str0ye only to bring on conict
between the two classes OF whites he never for moment
contemplated the DObler work OF uniting the poor
whites" and negro labOrers in brotherly love and,
necessary, combining them in political party Parsen
BrOwnlOw though Of another political party than that Vi
Johnson took the view OF the case before the wa:
but he had the good sense and honesty when he saw hs
mistake endeavor recy it, and has since labored
to unite the two factions OF the laboring class while
nrance ns os s paTt Of the aborng class and the
antagODsm existing between the two races forming IL,
whites" and slave negroes were actually led in their
ignorance fight and labor FOR an aristocraey which
POSITION OF THE NORTH.
But happily for the South for d ths sbo county, S0n sns
natural and powerful enemy at the North In the pres
most TSs aG 1nS Of the ona settle
OF the two sections first and many minor eYentz
partcnary the maintenance Of slavery tho one, and
its abolition in the other section subsequently produced
Individuals; the South Dy corporations under national
grants The people Of the ono race were emgrants from
the North fed from the oppression Of the aristocrats
from Europe; the majority Of the southern emigrants
the Others One educated itself and its posterity Ia
contempt for the institutions form Of government and
reverence for arist5eraiic and monarchca institu-
tons. and first families" existed from the
BEGINNING one race pgrtehased, pIt the ~, otnef a
gland forced with Of their brows the crops from the
frozen soil OF the North the Cavaliers OF the soun
fetched with the sweat sf others brOws the abundant
fruits OF the sunny South. The one race naturally bo-
came manufacturers; the other agneutnrlsisi tbs
natural tendency Of the former was To divide the land
INTO small FARMS other consolidate property int
large Labor needed by both as both became
enriched. The North attracted the poor VINO saw tlss
here industry aud energy would supply the want OF
capital the South attracted me wealthy VINO sa" mere
great opportunities Tor speculation III stdpe Oi rhe
growth OF which that favored cline had monopoly ire
North attracted as enigrants the ingenious eaueate
and ambitious white labOrers OF the various NATIONS OF
Europe TO whom gave not only opportunity DuI .pes
the South purchasing the labor IL did not attract hl.
emlgrated and tLen propagated an ignorant semiO
barous tribe to whom Il gave no Opportunity M 4s s sassa
the North naturally grew rapidly In population ah9
riches, developed free institutions and educated itsen
into rIn and positive though not doineerng and dam
gerous Democracy Under the Southern system the ar
tocr9cy as originally existing mal1tanea & ana sreng.
all the abor-onethird OF 1t by virtue OF purchase, ths
other twothrds by Of possessing the capital when
time fully succeeded in firmly establishing its system q
Aristocracy The Democracy increased IN numbers ana
political purposes under the name of the Republican
party The arstocracy did not increase in numbers In
like proportion and seeing Itself losing power in ths
whole country which for 80 years II had ruled t organ
Secession movement and precpitated in 1861 the bloody
in which IL has been 0yerthrOwn The war mas re.
suited in the emancipation Of li,O0OO0O OF deceived
Democracy from the rule OF the arstOcrcy, and opened
to them great career Of improvement. enlightenment,
and usefulness.
the work Of the Democracy OF the North is not yet
completed second invasion of tire South necessary
In order 70 crown the victory of the first and with
cpation secured give political rights and education 70
is not yet passed nor the duty Of the North yet done,
for only through the thorough education Of the former
Will this danger be averted and the duty OF the North DO
completed
uence OF the former aristocncy Ignorant and prelu,
result Of war which has financially ruined them against
the people who really their friends TN ugh iOced
assume the attitude Of enemies, endeared to their dis
guised enemies by common misiortnne, pr,ludieeo
against the negroes who shared emancipation with them
S,pe SaiS under the control Of their rulers The i
and prejudice which was the strength OF the ke
tion and as the prejudice generated by the ignor
ance the true way TO destroy this perncious prejudice
10 first strike at the Ignorance, aud edeae all classes
EDUCATIONAL DUTY OF The NORTH.
This is the duty Of the North, and noby Is t per
IornS S x Sres, ca neosvrs tra o th various m
sonary societies of tho North and those early engaged IN
OF the American Missionary Association only OF all thoss
engaged the work, but these reports particularly
ton finished the sixth year OF labor among the freedmen
OF the South. When the Rebellion began few slaves
eagerly seizng the opportunity for attaining their free
DOM gathered near Fortress Monroe and were held ey
Gen Ben + Butler as ~eonitansna % 9t war & Near sne
landed its cargo the American Association built Its INST
and teachers Other teachers followed the fag as II
penetrated into the South and established schools In the
rear OF the armies until the close OF the war; when the
force teachers increased aud the efforts Of the As
ISOLATION were extended to all tho states lately in Re-
beon Tho results OF the labors of 1867 most
couragng and show not only increased desire on the
part OF the freedmen 10 obtain educatOn, but
renewed efforts on that Of tho Asse
ciatlon 10 lmpart it. The statistics OF the
Association show that 500 teachers were In Its employ
that year, and that they gave schooling 70 6s9 eooFed
scholars These abOrers are sustained by the tee con-
trisuons OF the Northern people and the work IL neees
sarily limited 10 the amount for which the contributions
will pay The receipts for 1865 were $4,000 IN cash. and
SlO5Iil or total Of S35s4s6 nearly three times the
amount given by the entire Slave States IN 1860 ondow-
ment FOR their free schools The expenditures OF ths
American Association from May 1866, 10 May l. 1901
have been stated 100000 The necessities of the col