The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1867-11-22

sists IN combination OF four separate elements
required % BE- got by exchange; thirdly it mus. b
observed II net deyrsd IL have 20 value and lastly
- a
neither good NOR bad, Il 10 simply neutral What 10
called .'papsr raonsyn. nctsmsasy. The term "pay.
pscify; he rsal Latin word pay 6 sesrs which has
entirely different adjudication Paper money ID only the
p"y Of ne ought - s. tsps pr and re-
deemed or is dishonest Cases which paper money
has nos been redeemed 8 Austria il s called bank.
CANNOT Be the creation OF the government but ought
like all other properties 20 be valued by the promessor
ton. Too much coin produces the same inconvenience
as too much paper or too much coffee In country. In
Of the ags tbngs pe not sxcSsrSa.bs they can
have no value. Paper money is not money and pro-
mise to pay worth nothing unless the promiser be
honest.
The educational department reassembled in the
evening
gramIne and TO crowd into this department Of education
than strictly within the province of this depart
~ 1oonsr si M ~ me nSry Yopp
opening the business OF the association by reading a
paper on the equation between crime against property
and its punishment His leading argument was
natural penalty attached to every crime which could
mot by possibility be evaded. The thief who makes
his living entirely by dishonesty, loses the
tages growing out OF the respect and confidence OF his
fellow men, and pays by social ostraclsm for the
which ID. natural resribaon falls upon mt the nesd Of d.
offender 10 greatly retarded by the complex nature Of
society, and the nature OF the punishment often OF
obscure character that the offender either fails
the logical sequence between crime and punishment,
else hopes in the ntrcacies Of social relations
bism which society has had TO solve has been to ais
cover some expedient BY which the punishment
shall follow swiftly logically and unsTriasly the
statute law shall conform most nearly to the physical
Law, which Furnishes the offender out OF hand;
graous to the offence and in accordance with
tho degree Of civilization, and unerringly, that
the criminal shall that the chances are al all odds
against him. But the solution Of this problem has re.
quired the experience OF ages and at present we
only partially enlightened the subject As an illus.
traon in primitive society property is practically
known The only crimes committed are those against
the person. Il has to deal with tho crimes OF force
deal With them by the adjustment Of government Now
its suppression Of crms bears
has been wrcnsod the other toward he criminal himself
In the barbafous state the Law attempts preserve
order by assisting the wrongsd one 10 reaiiang
the wrongdoe the execution OF the sentence being le
TO the first; or, the case be that or murder the
nearest relative But vengeance to the mind is
is SAID to have performed its concurrent functions BY
this administration, for II offers indemnity 10 the
jured prevents recurrence crime by appealing
70 the strongest motive Of untulored fear me code Of
tho early times IL an eye for eye and
tooth for tooth, and there is its crude way
equality OF the practice. II we anayze relations
OF wronger and wronged we shall see that tho motive
OF the FIRST bad and that the service rendered
equation OF the criminal and the injured, which the
learned professor proceeded to do, illustrating his
theory black board He believed In the adoption
OF prison discipline whereby the prisoner could
earn in time to pay for what he had stolen from
his neighbour and IL the cuprt guilty OF greater
offences that he should expiatc his crime ny working
for the public veal The moral effect Of this OF
punishment would be just one both to the accused and
the accuser brief report scarcely do justice
the very valuable paper read by Professor Bascom,
which was considered one the best essays delivered
during tue session OF the present Congress
The next paper read "The sphere OF Civil Law ia
Social Reform" by Professor John Eascom, OF WASH
o lheme tins TO lay down explicit rules capable Of
certain and easy application TO al the shifting
or different social States His present os3ect
was TO bring before the eye q few OF the iaDG-
marks OF general principles By winch
course Of proper action was 10 be drecsed
great hight from general inquiries, demands in each
app cation the conclusions OF science, wide and
thorough estimate OF the exact conditions under which
the hopedfor results sought In entering harbOrs
whore channels wsre complicated and narrow need
not unlyaa proper chart Of the water but
equally careful estimate OF the effects Of each state
o. the tide. Men have distinct OF life an
While one side wo must have the individual before
we have society," the other have society BIO.
fore we have any mature individual life Each
bud Of tree 10 individual while the tree itself
community OF individuals The height, the breadth,
the proportions OF flower the fruit which belong TO
Of many buds.
To-day the members OF the Association will visit
BlackweVs Island for thu purpose Of investigating the
condition Of tue Penitentiary and other public
0ns OF the island. This VIII close the session OF the
4 congress OF the Social Science Association