The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1867-06-27
THE REVOLUTION DOWN SOUTH.
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD.

South and North Carolina and Virginia
Sweeping Political Reaction Resulting from
Attorney General stanbery's Opinions and
tho Warming Of q July Session or ConEress-
The Evidence In the Resistration-Tho hoa-
sons Why-Tho Whole South In the Hands OF
the Republicans BY DefauIt-Their Effective
Orsanixation. Means and Agents. from tho
War Department to the Freedmen's Bureau-
Tho Opposition Helpless and All Adrut-
President johnson Nowhere.
AIaxAxDRIA, Va, June -, 1907.
'Thats true" said practical matter of-fact Southern
lady, fellow passenger In mountain stage coach, tho
other day. shats true sir To the observing traveller
there nothing like looking into these things for him.
self" Acting upon this idea the commissioner OF the
New YORK HERALD In the premises, In wide circuit OF
travel through the South touching the existing condi'
ton OF affairs In the unreconstruced States has been
careful gather facts and conclusions from his own
observations In summing up the testimony thus COL
ectsd the curious fact first recommends itself that in
every Southern State through which We have passed
there s different state Of things more or less broadly
Defined from that existing any other Stata We nnd'
indeed in each State Of the South somewhat dnrent
people from those Of any other, IS well a. ouefcn1
status political affairs, notwithstanding the general
fusion and confusion into which they have all been
thrown by commissions Of the last seven
years
Entering the South by the central door Of Kentucky
at Louisville, found that commonwealth OF the
Southern chvary in the dark and farther behind
In the work Of political reconstruction than any other
OF the late slave States. Nominaly and officially at
least one OF the Union States during tho war, kentucky
has escaped the pains and penalties Of reconstruction
from her Southern confederate States by Con-
gresa With tho close OF the war, her young and able
bodied men, returning the disbanded rebel armics
placed her the full possession Of her Southern
coniederacy party. Thus she remains substantially to-
day. excepting the abolition Of slavery, "a she was be-
fore the war She still adheres sthly as South Caro-
lima did In 1860 Calhouns old code Of State rights
General Quatebum's notions Of Southern chivairy
wigfas deestation Of Yankee abolitioniss and to
the inland slave traders propensity for thrashins or
shooting refractory Niger In the single fact that 10
Kentucky court OF justice to-day the evidence Of
negro is not admitted against white man, or II ad
mted by courtesy goes nothing under the law Of
the State reader will understand that she has still
pass through the ordeal Of reconstruction and that
II is probable her peculiar case will not much longer
escape the attention OF radical Congress touching she
matter Of Ga republican form Of government"
In Tennessee find striking example OF too hasty,
crude and imperfect work Of reconstruction. II was
candy John sons" work, when he proclaimed himself
OF the black race and that traitors must take
back seats In the church. As perfected by Brown
low thing OF putting traitors into back seats has
Of the white OF the State dsfranchsed for I've
years. while the doctrine Of universal suffrage has been
extended 70 tho blacks In other respects tho pains and
penalties against traitors severe and 30 generally
enforced to create violent state Of excitement and
wrath among Brownlow's opposition elements not un-
frequently resulting in such arguments ~ bushwhack
Ing house burning and pistols and bowie knivea Thus
the whole community Of the too hastily reconstructed
State of Tennessee under the Of sort Of
border rufnansm and State military dsspotsm combined
which all parties lexceps tho ofnceholders) would
gladly change for the federal military commander Of
Georgia or South Carolina
Alabama seems TO have been terribly thrashsd, %
fearruy impoverished and thoroughly demoralizsd
and subdusd BY the that her people
do mot ssom to comprehend what has been len
70 Thorn, what ID required Of them, or what
Is 10 become Of Thorn. They seem to have, however
pretty clear conviction that President Johnson
can do nothing more for them, and that 'Oid Thad
Stsvens preparing bill Of connsoation, whereby the
niggsrs and the poor whites 10 become the andown
ers the division Of the Of the present land
owners; Short that the landowners Of to-day will TO-
morrow have change places with the nsgsn and poor
whites Of the Union Leagues 0herwiss the people Of
Alabama OF all classes except the negroes too much
absorbed struggle for existence TO pay any atsn
Ion TO potoa Thoy generally willing 70 do what
required Of them but II It takes too much time they
will let CO. and trust 10 luck shs radicals" they
think. "can't rule the roast forever"
In Georgia, passed through, they were In more
hopeful frame OF mind and against the republicans,
with their negro votes the opposition confident OF
their ability carry the State. They accordingly
preparing for the registration, and with the intention Of
bringing their whole strength 10 the books But this
before tho PRONUNCIATION OF the opinion Attorney
General Stanbery. Northern contributions OF bread 70
the one hundred thousand destitute poor Of Georgia
kalr ~iAornh rhA Ind
North and Northern enterprise and capital were also
beginning 70 DO fcls Georgia. In cheerful spirit in
forward good crops and smooth journey back into
Congress- and without any fear Of falling under the con-
Ia South Carolina, whore thes whites number cnly
three hundred Thousand souls against four hundred
thousand smsnclpa.ed blacks the ssue Of reconstruc
Great the apprehensons Of the whites Of negro
state government which, nom the barbaric ignorance
OF their blacks will be apt 20 adopt such laws OF heahen
sh condscation, agrarianism and negro social equality
will make existence In the State intolerabe 70 the
white ana worse thaa death to the white woman.
On the side OF the blacks q corresponding
degree OF enthusiasm and they had already In their
political meetings thrown some ominous hints OF
making property exclusively pay the expenses OF the
state, and OF giving some unusual exemptions and State
favos to the iaooring class In the presence OF such
facts South Carolina IL the srst state which
would recommend the white emgrant 70 60 In search OF
home, but she 10 the rst from which we would
sci removal OF the disrustfu white residents TO
state where thcre s while majority With her cher
ished system Of African slavery abolished and with
negro equaiy Set up 10 is place, tno msncst destiny
OF South Carolina if peace be maintained between
races 10 the REIMBURSEMENT Of her soil by the
whites absolute occupation OF the blacks Judging
from the present political antagonisms between the
races General Wade Hsmptons negro meeting at Co |
lumbia was dcusion and . snare. Eve have our |
rights remember and wrongs 10 SETTLE" said
Of these Carolina blacks another within hearing
Passing from South into North Carolina, the traveller
experiences almost instantaneous feeling or relief.
He soon discovers that there n alarm among the
whites; he hears words Of fearful import mutiered
among the blacks rhe whites cheerful being cou-
Of security In their strength and the blacks
under a discipline which recognizes their weakness N
against the whes So little fear entertained re-
gardng the blacks political party that, while Il 10
generally believed they have sufficient white force
tner bac 70 give the radicals the State not tho slight
est danger 10 apprehsnded from q result In short
the people OF North Carolina whites aud blacks are
ct and comfortable, and hardly man appears 70 be
disturbed by the idea Of the radicals with the
negro VOTE taking possession OF the Old party
words and claptrap have been extinguished in
North Carolina and the people prepared for some