The Bolivar bulletin. [volume] (Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn.) 1865-1888, 1867-11-09
FROM tie Csneinnaii Easulrer.
Suggestions for Frult Growers.
Dwarf rE4Rs-wrlTEa 4aEAIl.BsT

] " e have no doubt that more than hale -
failures to grow dwarf pears nav Be traee5
/ to bark lee and scale. The sinlule ftet !
I that cleanliness Is quite as essential fo hplfl
/ III tree as IN man. A plant viii no v,ora
+ thrive covered with lice aud dirt than q b,,-
man being We find the opinion to be quite
/ common. that the scale is killed by the win
/ ter's cold, but this is a great error.
Now for the remedy. We prefer a weak
solution Of Whale-oh soap or asDrstty strong
one of soft soap The solution Is best ap-
piled By q long, narrow brush; If this can
not be had. common scruhbing- brush viii
do; and it must be used with some vigOr
As soon as the leaves have fallen, 90 over
all your. trees IN order, and such as are In
the least affected with scale should be well
scrubbed from the others. remove al cater #
pillars nests and every thing else that can
harbor an insect
We won'd recommend, however that all
the trees be treated with the above solution
as a part of the regular routine Of cultiva-
ton. They viii be greatly benefited BY it.
and thousands Of insects, nits and eggs
many of them quite invisible to the naked
eve, viii then be destroyed Clean the
ground around the trees from grass ard
weeds, and loosen It up with a fork If YOU
have a good supply Of manure, spread on
two or three inches of it, and fork it IN the
spring. if, however, you are not we'll sup
piled, do not apply 1t till spring. when half
the above quantity may be forked in a6
once. Your trees viii now need no further
special attention till the season of pruning
arrives, when we shall recur to the subject
again
BANKING Up PERMANENTLY AGAINST TREES.
Occasions often occur where it Is desi
rable to make permanent embankments over.
the roots of trees, as in filing up hollows, IN
grading, etc We receive frequent inquiries
A. &C. IL
talned In such cases We have seen frult
and other trees, twelve or fifteen years old,
where the surface had been raised two feet.
continue to thrive and grow we'll The soil.
however, was Of light graVeily character,
and not such as to keep the bark. long in
Ured to light and air, In so close and damp q
condition as would have resulted from a
more compact soil The roots, although
deep buried, had still a 6ne bed Of rich
earth to spread themselves in; and no doubt
they soon sent up fbres into the new earth
above
In all cases where It becomes necessary
to embank with heavy soil, we should re-
commend placing small stones or coarse
gravel next the tree, which VIII give both
air and dryness; and layer of small stones
on the old surface, covered by inverted turf
would tend to the same result, yet il would
be attended with more labor and probably
be less useful than the the portion piled im-
mediately in contact with the trunk.
HOW TO SECURE GOOD FRUIT TREES
The Agricultural and horticultural So
ciety of Vaucluse, France, recommends that
in order to make a large crop in fruit trees,
the following plan should be adopted a
hole must be dug round the tree to a certain
Depth IN the autumn, but not deep enough
to expose the roots, and then must be flied
up with manure; the manure should be left
1nffl fr0Var1 and then covavnd urith tho aarfb
extracted Thus covered over, the manure
does not thaw until late period, and there
by prevents the tree from budding early,
and produces the effect intended The same
society further makes known that it is a well
ascertained fact that trees which yield most
fruit are those whose branches grow hori-
| ZOntally instead of vertically; and 1t there
fore recommends that trees should, as far as
! possible, be trained to grow in that direction;
! 1t even declares that by such training trees
/ that have never yielded any fruit previously
may be made productive.
PRUNING
There is, perhaps, no subject in hortioul-
ture SO little understood as the principles
upon which pruning is founded. The object
! IN pruning fruit trees is chiefly to hasten or
retard the development Of wood growth
! With reference to the former more depends
upon summer pruning and disbudding.
Trees are frequently barren from excessive
! wood growth, which IS weakened In pruning
during summer. 1t is well understood fact
among scientific cultivators, that summer
| pruning weakens, and winter pruning
! strengthens the wood growth. Hence the
| practice of nurseyrymen in pruning young
/ trees after the seasons growth is completed,
! to increase their luxurianoe.
Trees that have arrived at bearing state,
| If properly managed during growth, wouid
/ probably require no winter pruning unless
| the removal of large and misplaced branches.
] IN the abstract it seems a negative practice
( to encourage a luxuriant growth, and then
| cut it down Ia winter. 1t IS quite possible
to manage trees without having recourse to
| winter pruning, unless for special objects, as
/ already alluded to. 1T is certain that much
| injury is inflicted by the indiseriminate use
Of the saw and pruning knife, at this time,
| especially on young bearing trees
+ Make it q study, next season, TO bisbud
and summer prune all growing trees, SO that
you may weaken and check the wood pru.
ming such trees now increases their future
vigor, since, by diminishing the branches
after the fall Of the leaves, The roots gain a
greater prepOnderance. On the other hand,
/ it is no less necessary to prevent weakness
from overbearing Since the introduction
of the dWarfing system, the grating on weak
growing stocks, the error has been frequently
committed and uHproftable trees have been
the result. it has also had a tendency to
throw discredit on the system, by those who,
from want Of knowledge and experience,
have been unsuccessful in cultivation
There are many kinds naturally Of slender
growth; grating them on a slow growing
stock induces fruitfulness, and represses
wood growth to an Injurious extent such
trees should have every blossom picked off
that appears In spring, al growth carefully
retained during summer and pruned down
/ in winter Such treatment viii be followed
with increased Yigor, which may be main
I tanned by taking moderate crops, and con-
Z tinued good cultivation.
{ So much depends upon individual pecu-
Iiarities in trees, that it is difficult % form
: definite rule that would serve as safeguard
) to the initiated Close observation extended
evnarience and nj least a slight knowledge