New-York tribune., 1867-02-19

ters from ordinary sharks in this that the nS SkOi
10 prolonged here. You will see now nSS,ai"
mGiIeiSg GET 4as re sw6Trds TS is sharH, !s9
.r5i Of which is prolonged to consdefso,e tbe
the two sGfs M Sef af tht en Now the swordsh is
The only kind Of shark which is known to enter lne large
tq%I e o%i S C e sspp t. and another ound
the mTS Ts Of he tne eny GS y that
Hshes which we have in the Amazon The ianpSr o evi
trne 81 which we have quite variety throughout our
tyyash Water streams has not single representative IN
the basin of the Amazon IL Is & ens y the
fresh Waters Of America OF Europe and OF NoftTsen
Asia ornd a' in all the fresh waters Of the northern world
They are common In the rivers which empty lnto tne
Arctic ocean or the continents OF Anerc 1 Tces
of surgeons from Kamschatka 70 the oIti MonhtnS
and in northern rivers INTO dne d S
are also found in some OF the more southern rivers vi to
temperate zone, but nowhere IN the Ips Arc m f
as but does not enter the ocean, ana TINS s
the most souther point te s Of he UT9eo
found In the basin Of the Danube and the Black sea- Dn
there are the Mediterranean There are some 1ounu
~ t6e chinese rivers but none found in those rivers
which empty into the Indian ocean OF te facl, WIZ WHICH
,t otsrs of Sonth America But while that family is
entirely foreign to the tropics South Aneflca as Mnat
may he called representative fsheshat is fishes which
ape the sturgeon, without assuming all ITS CHAR
acteristbs You have seen IN the figure ! nako
made hce OF the sturgeon, that 1t Is caracterlzed ny Ie
atnessof its mouth aud the position OF the mouth m
erneat ana further by the scales or rather he 81 ses @
which over their body, and which are arranged III M nv
rows over the body ofarge shaes along te m9ae
Of the back, row on each SIDE along te ndt @ % ie
and one each side along the lower me- anu es1
shales bone, hard, and often covered with ehae
Now While we RSye M & sS ap geo o The Sturgeon @ in some
respects-the same flat head with the mouth under-
meath and the BODY covered ae E body IN UuS various
combinations, or foTm only sQme rows IN IlHerent
arrangement from the sturgeon anu al tnsig =
south America differ from the sturgeon IN having s0nd
bony frame instead of a calIlIasInons one. M.cn -
caraceTistc OF the suTgcon may draw one or two to
give you idea Of them In the frst place the ti
Is not as symmetrical 1t is in the sturgeon;
then, the mouth is surrounded by broad nap .
mouth and dorsal fin may be very large. In some OF
them the anterior part Is prolonged into KIND OF wih
IL NAV be- also that sometimes the upper lobe OF tine tan
is prolonged in this manner in the shape OF Wh ana
then we have the position Of the ventrals and the pecto
rails as in the other. Now some OF these ilsh nave
a singular mode of taking care OF their younG.
length Which laws IT'S eggs I'm balls about the size Of large
egg Ii LAYS in holes. The fish itself burrows the holes
In the banks Suppose we have here river bank, TINS
being the low wafer level and this the high water level
the low water level and the hgh water eyel
yo see when the water is low, holes IN the BANK
which extend horzantally into the bank from two 10
three feet and which, at the end enlarge like tunnel
Here the fish lay its eggs and during the time
the young are developing the fish comes frequently
and rests head the young, surrounding them
with these fappers of the mouth, and breathing as
Il were fs air them during the process of hcavng
and subsidng the gs Others carry their young rolled
mp thc curtains Of the gills, m mass tied up as u
werc between the folds OF the gill and the young remain
IN that way protected by these fold, Of the mouth ana
are carried along until they are ready to hatch nave
frequently caught fish with these bunches OF eggs IN the
folds Of their lips, and have often raised some OF them
and been able To trace the changes when ey undergo,
and which show singular feature, that In their young
condition the tail end Of the body of the young presents
exactly that singular inequality which We have IN the
shark, and which have in the sturgeon,
and which, to say II .nrs passing te ie"'lTd od
geological fomatOns 50 that may, without eHagcra-
earliest days OF creation resembles tc iorn oi e yonns
81 the fishes " day in the most striking manner;
which shows again what an intimate link there u, whether
mntcrnl or intellectual throughout the creation from
beginning to end from one point on 'ne rhI, r,,E,
family Of mailed fishes goes by the name 3t
gauo,dan: aud these exclusively found In the fresh
seons which elracerse he fresh waters Of the northern
Hemisphere By the side ~ that have another group,
remarkable Tor being only two Ia each that H. there
only two scales one row on each side sort Of coat
from The back to the middle of the line. and rom
that another row extending TO the lower
bc back another under the tail aud the ordinary pee
l@ral, 'd ytnlal. trfc iin,tr1tnS 1i ot
the water and walking considerable distance over the
land. llIugtcrl Sometimes u - found three, four,
brought 10 me which ! have left on the ground for
day ami aftervard. when put back into water they
fsh has another pcoulIiy u builds neSt-appause
"A large nest. about the sllc ~ mans hat with hole
leading into the Interior IN which deposits it, eggs;
and IT is not Ouly capable ~ creeping on even
have been told by very Trustworthy persons
that they are frequently found many feet
above the wafer stump, of trees which have fallen
down. the trunk, Of which are 80 Inclined that the fish
have reached the branches Of the tree to such hight
that the bird and the fish have more than once been
brought down 10y the same shot Laughter aud applause
After sumcrating several other species of fish peculiar
10 the Wacfs ~ the Amazon Prof AgaSsz closed fol
lows - that one Of two things must be
true; tlH fishes which iuhabit different parts
Of the world nave originated where they are. with
all their pcuartcS. or n they have common descent
the changes they have undergone surpass all that which
nauraist-huNc thus Tar conceived possible In the of
change IN my ucN lecture shall discuss with you the
HtIial animals q south America. fAppausa