Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1867-12-11
WHOLE NO. 3191.

should BY law be excluded no calculations - that n
people may have the benefit and convenience Of 90
Aud siv currency which In all their business transM
;i1ns wi be unlrm In value a, home aud abroad x,
cry man Of property or ind stry every who dssr
70 preserve what honestly possesses, to obtain wis
he can honestly earn, has direct interest in ntaiu
ing safe circulating meldm such medium as 'ha
be real and tubsantia not liable 20 vbfats with opinion
not su ect be blown up or blown do BY the btea
o. speculation but to be made stable and secure
disordersd currency IL one of the greatest political evil
Il undermtues the virtues necessary for the support
the 20 a syste and encourages prope 1ses des.ruc
tive of It's happineu IL war, aginst Industry frlgah
aud econOny and Il fosters the evil spirit Of sxrava
gAnce aud speculation. IL has been asserted oy
our most profound and most gifted statesmen, that
AL eonrvance for cheating the lab'ring classes Of mac
kind none hasbsen more efsstuAl than that which de
les them with pApfr money. This Is the most efsctu
OF iventions 20 fertize the rich mans htdi by IN
sweat OF the poor ma1s brow. Ordinary tyranny, op
preston eXi Xiessye taxttion-these bear lightly tn
happiness u he community compared with frauiulen
currency aud thr bbsries committed by deprecated
paper Our history has reootds ID enough and mort
tnAn enough, of the demofAl1iug tendency, Injustice
aud intoefabe oppression, on the sruous aud veil dis
posed OF degraded paper currency authorized By law
OF Ia any way coun tenAnced by govenm snt 10 Is one
Of the most successful devices in times Of pea:e
eApmsions Or feFula MS TO a. complhh the transfer OF
all the precious metals from the great mass OF the peo
pc into the hands Of feF, where they holrded n
Sc ret places lsied in strong boxes under b)ls
aud bars whio the people lei 10 endure all the in
eonyeuieuces sandces aud dsmoralizstion resulting
fon the use OF deprecated aud worthless paper mon
ey.
and the operations Of our revenue system are set forth
and fully explained In the able and instructive report Of
the Secretary Of toe Treasury On the 80 of June
lS56 the public debt amounted to 81 ls342i S79
on the Both OF June last, is was 81 692 l90 2l5.
,hoeing reduction during the dscal year Of
s9l226 66i During the fiscal year eudiig June
81, 1851 the receipts we're 500 063iOlO, aud the
expenditures S3i6 729 l29, leaving available
plus VI S4390i $50 IL Is estimated tbs. the receipt
for the sea year ending June jO 1865 will be Sil l6l
92s and that the expenditures ~l reach the sum of
S93 $50 226, leaving in the treasury sut7lus OF S23
s21o1 For the fiscal year ending June 80 1859 i ts
estimated that the receipts sil To 1881 900 900
and ua the expenditures will be 1872 600 001 showing
excess Of 50 0O) 0l0 in favor Of the governn
INTERNAL NEvENuR
Th attention Of Congress is earnestly avited to the
Necessity Of thorough revision of our revenue system
Our internal revenue laws aud impost system should be
adjusted to beu mos, heavily articles otuxury.
leayiughe necessares fife free from taxation may
be nsistent with the real Of the government
nomically administered Taxation would then fall
unduly on men Of moderate means, aud while none
would be entirely exempt from assessment, all In proper
ton 70 their pecunary abilities would contribute towards
the support Of the state modification Of the inter-
nal revenue system by large reduction in the number
Of articles subjelt tax would be followed by
suits equally advau ageous the cz and the govern
ment IL would render the execution Of the laws less
expensive aud more certani remove the distractions to
industry; lessen temptations TO evade the law dmini
the violations aud frauds perpetrated upon its provis
ions; make its operations less iuq toral, and greatly
reduce in numbers the army Of tax gaherets created by
the system who take from the mouth OF honest labor
the bread it has earned Hetrenchment reform, and
economy should be carried into every branch Of the pub
lie service that the expenditures Of the govern may
be reduced and the people relieved from oppressive tax
alton.
sound currency should be restored and public faith
In regard to the national debt sacredly observed. The
accomplishments OF these important results, together
with the restoration Of the Union Of the States upon
the principles OF the Constitution would inspire conf
home and abroad in the stability Of our nsd-
uons and bring to the nation prosperity, peace aud
good will
DEPARTMENT REPORTS.
hib the operations Of the army aud the several Bureaus
OF the War DEPARTMENT. The aggregate strenR. Of
our military force the S0h day OF September last,
SO 3l5 The total estimate for military appropriations
is ST. l24 707 including e6cency IN the last years
Appropriation Of Sl3600000 Payments at the rreasu-
" account Of service in the War Department fro
January to Octnbsr 49, 1861 period Of months,
amounted 70 sl09,sJ70O0. The expenses OF the mill
tary establishment we'll the num1ers Of the army
now three times great they have been in
time OF peace whIs the di.cretonly power Is veIted ia
the Executive to add millions to this expenditure by
increase of the army TO the maximum strength allowed
by law
TIE comprehensive report Of the Secretary OF the In
e'ior furnishes interesting information In reference
the mpof ant bran ehes Of the pubic service connected
with his department The menancing attitude uf so
warSe banl Of Indians nhabtng the district OF
Try between the Aklnsas and Platte Rivers, aud por-
tons OF DAootah territory, required the presence Of
large military force in that regoa. Instgated by real
imaginary grievances the Indians occasionally commit
ed acts OF bArb,rous violence upon emgIants and
frontier settlements. But general Indian has been
prOvdentally Ayetted. The commissioners under the
Of he 2Jh Of July 1857 were invested with full
power to adju the existing difficulties, negotiate
ties with the ditfscted btnds, aud select for them
reservations Temote from travelled routes between the
Mississippi aud the Pacific. They entered without delay
upon the execution Of their but have not yet made
any ohoal report Of their proceedings II is Of vital
importance that distant territories should be exempt
fom Indian outbreaks ard that the construction Of the
Pacific hailroad, object Of national importance,
should not be interrupted by hostile tribes. These OBJ
jects well the material n'erets aud the mora! and
Intellectual improvem Of the Indians can be most
hg hafun fiana
OF country set apart for their exclusive use and located
at points remote fom highways, and not encroaohing
upon the white settlements. since the clmmenc
Of the second session Of the hiryseventh Congress-
i've bundled and mies Of road have been construct
ed the mau line and branches Of the Pacific hallway
The line from Omaha is rap dy approaching the eastern
base OF the Rocky Mountains whist the terminus OF
the last section Of the cOntructed road in California,
accepted by the government the 24h Of October last
but eleven miles distant from the summit OF Sierra
Neyads The remarkable energy tyineed BY the eompa
MES offers the stronge assurance that The completion
OF the road from Sacramento to Omaha will not long be
deferred.
Daring the last a,cal year 7Oil,l4 cf public
land were disposed Of and the cash receipts from the
sale. and fees exceeded $500 0O0 the realized from
these sources during the prece ling year
The amount paid 10 pensioners. including expenses
and disbursements was S8 6l0 956, and 3j ,4S2
added to the rolls lhe entire number of pension
ers the Both OF June last los 474. The num Der
Of patents and dssgnes issued during the year end g
September 30th 1867, 6jj and that date tn
balance IN the treasury to the ordt Of the patent fund
was S2S6 617.
Inc report OF the secretary OF the NAVY states that
we squAdTons actively and judieiously EN-
plOyed under efficient and able commanders, in protect
ing the persons and property Of American citizens,
aiming the dignity ami power OF the government,
and promoting the commerce aud the business interests
Of our oounrymen In every part OF the world. OF 23S
vessels compIsn the present navy OF the United States
SO carrying 5OI guns are in squadron service During
the year the number Of vessels in commission has been
reduced ". and there l3 less utdron duty
there al hr date Of the last report A large
Der Of vessels commenced and in course OF
strdoton when the terminated and although Con-
gress has made the necessary appropriation f0 their
conn tleOn the Department has either suspended
OF limited 10 slow completion the steam vessels so AZ
TO meet the contracts for ohinery made with private
estabshmens Toe total expenditures Of the Navy
Department Tor the fiscal year ending June j0 1861
were S3l 03i Gil. No appropriations have been made
or required since the close Of tue for the construc-
ton snd repair Of vessels for machinery ordnance
provisions clothing fuel hemp, 6o the balances under
these setTa heads having been more than sufficient oI
the current expenditures IL should be also stated "a
the credit Of the department that besdes asking Tor
appropriation ot the above objects for the last two years
the Secretary Of the Navy ne SOh Of Septem Der last
in rdsnoe wh the act Of MAJ l. 1870 requested tht
Secretary Of the Treasury carry the surplus fund
the Of $1,000 600 being the amoant received from
the sales Of yessels aud other property, and tae
remnants Of former appropriations,
The report of the Postmaster General shows the bust
ness Of tae Post Office Department and the ondtlon OIL
the postal servife Ia avery favorable condition, aud toe
attention u Congress is called ~ It's practical recon
mendAtinns The receipts of he department for thu
yea end ny June 80 1851 ineudns all the special ap
preparations for and land service, aud for free mai
poses Sl92s5 iSJ leaving an unexpended balance
Ia fyor Of the d. of e7lJ III which