The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1867-10-06

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aud 60 Europe.
The news from Europe which we give IN tue
cable telesrams of to-day indicates how rapidly
even the Roman question may advance 70
definite solution when il has clipped through
the fingers Of diplomacy. The Pope's forces
have been beaten in battle within the Pope's
own domain by tho semi-organixed elements Of
what was but yesterday revolt by the hastily
armed, discontented subjects OF the Holy See,
and the sympathizers that have made their
way across the frontier in small parties.
Doubtless the battle-so far as the numbers OF
combatants and killed and wounded give pro-
portions to battle-was q small affair but u
is to be remembered that this is case IN
which very little fight may have great re-
suits. All the Pope's power in troops amounts
to little, and battle great enough TO defeat
this power, however small the battle. Is i'm
portant, as II at once pushes the difficulty TO
its ultimate point-the question whether the
Pope is to 60 down, or whether he is once
more to be saved BY q foreign potentate. Not
less significant than the news Of this battle is
the fact that an appeal from Garibaldi, urging
all his friends to march at once TO Rome, is
published throughout Europe, and that in
Turin-in The very home Of tho element that
might be adverse to all this movement, If any
free Italian element could be averse to it
there has been an assemblage Of the people, in
which revolutionary speeches" were received
with "unbounded enthusiasm"
What will Napoleon do? What will the
King of Italy dot The despatch from Europe,
published yesterday, to the effect that the King
Of Italy will appeal to the great Powers OF
Europe on the Roman trouble, has probably
good basis of fact. Victor Emanuel's appeal
to Europe on this case is simply Italian repu-
diation Of the claim of Napoleon 20 some pecu-
liar power or authority as tie special champion
Of the Pope. Europe has become impatient Of
the interference Of Napoleon in the affairs Of
other nations We may understand this gene
raj sentiment very well by considering that
European Powers look upon Napoleon's claim
to dominate Italy very much as we looked
upon his claim to dominate Mexico. If he may
dictate peace between Rome and the Italian
people, he may decide the fate Of Spain, Of
Turkey, Of all other Powers whose future Is
shadowy. All this supposes that he is the
arbiter of Europe character which European
sentiment declares he has not held since the
battle Of Sadowa. Prussian victory on that
famous field moved the European centre Of
gravity, in political sense, ten degrees to the
sion to make war from any one but their own
subjects, they will present their petitions at
Berlin, and not at Paris. Europe feels
this, Italy sympathizes with the feeling,
and the Kings appeal to Europe has
the popular voice of Italy behind it This
appeal is the naodms operandi by which Italy's
ally in the last war is to be introduced into
the quarrel. Custozza was Italy's important
contribution to Prussian triumph-a triumph
that gave to Prussia the empire Of Germany,
and to Italy only Venetia. The settlement
will not be satisfactory till Italy has Rome also,
and she expects to get Rome by the process Of
making the question one to be determined by
all the Powers in common, substantially as the
question Of Luxembourg lately was.
This whole Roman trouble, therefore, is likely
TO resolve itself into dilemma for the Empe-
ror of France. The Pope has not the military
power to defend his throne. which bis people
are determined to cast down. Victor Emanuel
declares his unwlllingness to defend this throne,
and declares that IL France endeavors to de-
fend it, or pretends to make him responsible
for Its defence, he will appeal to the combined
power OF the Continent At this day the deci-
sion Of any general council of European Powers
must be against the Papacy. and thus Ma
poleon will find himself at war with combined
Europe, or he will be compelled to accept a
humiliating change in the traditional policy of
his government as to Rome. Can he stand
another humiliation or is there limit to the
extent to which France will accept shame on
his account?