davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
MARY ANN NEWTON In supr me Court,
VS.. August term, 1861.

MARY ANN NEWTONl In Supr me Court,
VS.. August term, 1851.
LUTHER NEWTON. J WHEREAS, Mary |
Arm Newton, of hyde Park, in the count CT
lamoi lie and State of Vermont, has filed in the
Office of the clerk of the Lamoile County su-
y eme Court, her libel for divorce. setting forth
that on the 9th day of July, A. D.. 1852 she,
by the name of Mary Ann Worster, was lawfully
ma ried to Luther Lockwood Newton OF John.
son in said county, at Hyde Park aforesaid. and
that she continued to live with sail Luther j.
Newton in the faithful discharge of all the du-
ties incumbent on her as his wife. until on or
about the 10th day of July, A. D.. 1868. when
the said Luther h., wilfully deserted said Libel
liant. and has ever since. for more than three
years, wholly neglected and refused to live with
or provide foi her as his wife, and has wholly
neglected and refused to discharge any of the du-
ties incumbent on him as her husband.
And said Libelant further sboweth that said
Libelee, during the time she lived with the lii
belant. and until he deserted her a. aforesaid.
was guilty of intolerable severity to the Libel
ant, and that during that time, the said Libeee,
being Of sufficient pecuniary ability to provide
suitable man tainance for her, re iusedand neg
lected to provide such maintenance for said Ii.
belant. and SAID l.ibelant further showctb that
she is the mother. by said Luther l.. Zone child
Harriet Eliza Newton, who was born on the
9th day of August, A. D.lS62 and Is now living !;
and thereia PRAYING for divorce from the bonds
matflfnOny between Her anu the sdiu lSutncr ii.,
and also therein praying for allimony, and for
the whole care custody and control of said Har-
riet Eliza Newton, the minor child aforesaid,
| until she shall arrive at full age, or until the
further order of said court and that the Libel
ant be allowed to resume her maiden name.
| And whereas it being made to "ppear to the
clerk of said court, that the said Luther Lock
wood Newton resides without this State. so
that a subpoena cannot be served upon him
therefore notice is hereby given to the said Lu-
ther l.. Newton, and he Is required to appear
before the Supreme Court next to be held at
Hyde Park, within and for the county of La.
mobile, on the Sd Tuesday Of August, A. d.,
1867, and make answer to said Petition, and
abide such order. direction and decree as to said
court shall seem mete. and the Libelant in said
petition is directed to cause this order to be
published three weeks SUCCESSFULLY in the La
| mobile Newsdealer. paper printed at Hyde
Park, In said l.amoille County, the last of which
to be at least six weeks previous TO the term a
which said Libelee IS to appea viz: The third
Tuesday of August uext.
BRIGHAM & WAT ERMAN,
Attorneys for Petitioner.
| l.. s. SMALL. Clerk.
Dated at hyde Park. May J3 1861. 21w3
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
NARY POWERS ESTATE.

said District. on the 18th day OF May 1887.
Squire R. Parker, guardian Of Mary Powers OF
Wolcott, in said District. represents TO Thu
Cou't that it would be conducive to the interest
of his said ward to sell all the real eatate which
she has In the Town OF wolcott in said District
Tor the purpose of putting the proceeds thereof
at interest, and asks SAID Court to grant him
license to sell the same.
1t is therefore ordered that hearing behad on
said application. at the Probate Office In John.
son, on the nth day Of June, next, and that
notice hereof be given I'd all persons Interested
by the publication ofthe SANG in the Lamoille
Newsdealer, newspaper published AZ Hyde
park, previous to said time, appointed for hear
ing. that they may object II they see cause to
the granting of said license;
Ny order OF Court. - go,
23 JOHN I. GLEED, Register.
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29

WI9excelent medicinal compound was first
u5to<r 6red by Dr.. Poland in l9i1. and was then
5mnf4Ied with great success in expeling hnmois
IA ia blood but in 1913 medical friend, whe
n 41ite celebrated as physician. especially
n ~ 1featment of hum0rs suggested some i'm
rorI11k Improvement s, which were apopted. and
= ave have made it (so the people say the
ylI I'D remedy for all kinds of humors known
8 tk<19 faculty"
M nUMOR DOCTOR cures scrofula, salt rheum,
1fl1I Vas, canker, piles, nettle rash, DC. NJ
u1f6 individuals, who have used this remedy
~ tYeipelas give it the most faettering recon-
166@EI0ns.
TKf& Preparation is composed entirely Of veg
&tddl65 among which are sarsaparilla. Yellow
Dock, Noble Piue, Mandrake and Bloodroot.
E1idce it to say, the ''Doctor" is used in hun
dr6d4 81 families as a general medicine, Unlike
m61y other popular remedies. it is very grateful
70 ~ faste.
81 Price rs CENTS FER BOTTLE.
Thiataluable Remedy will be prepared at the
NtW England Botanic Depot, under the supervis
In Of Dr. Poland, for the proprietor.
]. G French.
e uhome all orders should be addressed.
Z 90. Sold by Dealers In Medicine every where
Yah 9th GIN cow 81.
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
nRs. POTTER, poYkx. \ 4.


,r .. -, r,,- r Dover July ~. 1888.
DR.. Polani:--I received your letter inquirins
az to the effects of your medicine on ,ea sickness.
am happy to say that i think 1t Is 1.-THE mcdi-
cine tor that dreadful sickness. tried varions.
prescriptions. but found none THAT settled the
stomach and cleared the head like the humor doc
tor ] felt as though cohid hardly wait to get
ashore to entreat you to introduce II into ship
.chandery stires that 1t may find its way to thosc
who suffer upon the mighty deep from sea sick
ness. If captains who take their families vita
them, Or carry passengers. should try II fog once
they never would be willing to voyage without
have used 1t In my family since its introduce
ton to tle pubic; for bilious habits headache.
ana humors about my children, and have always
found II q sure en- O.. ar
lam not FOND of having my name appear IN
public, and would not consent to 1t on any ace
count but to relieve the suffering 30 hut II the,
foregoing Mill lie of apyserxice to you or the pub
lie, you can make Use Of 1t. fds .ta
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29

MONEY FREE AS wATER.-l0 900 Active
MI Local and Travelling Agents. Male and re-
male. Of all ages are wanted TO solicit trade
in every City. Town, village, Hamlet, Work
shop and Factory throughout the entire world.
for the most salablc novelties ever known-5OO
Per Cent Profit and ready sale wherever offer.
ed Smart men and women can make from 10
TO $50 per day, and no risk Of loss A smali
capital required of from $50 to SlOO-the more
money invested The greater the pront. no
article and receive the pay afterwards fyop
actually wish to make money rapidly and ca
sily, wfite for full particulars and address
MILxoR 4 Co, (From Paris.
2Yy1 go Broadway, N. Y. City, /,
Newspapers copying VIII BE 1perally dealt
Wttb \ VIM
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
CO-paranersll7p.

THE Undersigned having this day formed Co.
/ partnership. under the name and title of
Stafford q Ellington, and purchased the stock
and fixtures of n. D. Wood, Esqr., will keep on
hand large and well selected assortment OF
Iron, Steel, Hardware. T,nOarc, Wood
enra,e aud agricultural Implements.
To which they invite the attention of buyers.
Those about building, will find it to their ad.
vantage to give us call.
Old Iron, Brass. Copper, Lead Pipe. Butter,
and other produce taken in exchange.
Mr.. Stafford will give his personal attention
to Repairing. JOHN A.. STAFtOkD,
RAYMOND ELLINGTON.
Stowe, May l6, 1867. 2Stf
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
WILL OF SUSAN PARTLow.

WILL OF SUSAN FARTLow.
STATE OF VERMONT, In Probate Court hold
'LAMorLLE DISTRICT, IS en- at the Probate Ofc
in johnson, in said district on the 9th day Of
Mey A D 1867.
Present. Hon NORMAN ATWOOD. Judge,
AN instrument purporting to be the last will and
testament of Shsan Partlow, late of johnson.
In said distsict deceased being Presented here by
Norman Thomas OF Johnson, in said district
therein named, for Probate
II in ordered by said court, that all persons
concerned therein. be notified to appear at ses.
sion OF said court to be holden at the Probate or
fee. In johnson ON the 9th day Of May
1867. at ten o'clock 10 the forenoon,
and shew canse' fahy they may have against the
Probate OF said Will for which purpose, 1t Is
further orderd. that copy Of the record Of this
orde be published three weeks successfully 10 the
lamoille Newssiealer printed at HydePark rres.
ious to said time appointed for hearing. A true
n ~ 800 NORMAN ATWOOD, Judge.
25w3 JOHN ]. GLEED, Register
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
sCHENCK'S NEW OFFICE.

Bks CHENCK'S NEW OFFICE.
"a DIR. j. III. SCHENCK, of Philadelphia, has
6Bened an office on second floor Of No. 35 Han
1er Sfreet. Boston, where he will be profession
NV every Wednesday, from to 8. Every per-
5o1 conf Mining with Consumption or any dis
1se leading to it, is invited to call on him. He
{ivea adfIce free, but for a thorough examine
iion wlfk bis Resprometer the chargh is five dol.
Dr Sthenck can explain to atients very cor
YectIv the stage OF their disease, and how to
usc hls medicines, namely, his t'ulmouic Syrup,
eeAxeed Tonic, Mandrake Pills, without the use
III lie Respirometer whether it is Tuberculous.
pu]uouary Bronchial or Dyspeptc Consump-
II vhefher it is merely merely an liberated
4hY8S{ md catarrh or from Liver Complaint
Hin medicines have full directions so any one
en- tako them without seeing him, but if they
i've near by, a are we'll enough, it Is best see
him. all three of his medicines are REQUIRED in
nearly every case of lung disease for 1t is i'm
possible 10 cure Consumption unless the stomach
and lIverare kept in perfect order. To get lungs
ID ! healing condition the stomach must be
clennsed and en- appetite for good rich food crea-
tcl, 20 Is to make good blood before the lungs
viii begin to heal then the chills and night
sweats will stop, and the expectoration become
free and easy.
Hekee2s full supply Of midicnes at his
rooms which can be had at all times.
Pfide Of the Pumonic Syrup and Seaweed Ton
ii each 81 80 per bottle, or 81 80 the half dozen
Mandrake Pill % cents per box.
GKo. e. GoopwIN IL Co., SO Hanover street
Boston. General Wholi.ale Agents for the New
England States. Fro sale by all druggists.
1884
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
. WIZ, = Y
A. G. WALLACE, MANCHESTER, Nh.

Or. J. W. Poland. Dear sir,--I very cheer.
fully give my testimony in favor Of your humor
doctor. as An excellent remedy for humors. NY
numerous acquaintances in Manchester know
perfectly good my health is at present, Your
humor Doctor cured Inc : please refer TO me for
particulars in my case. y. A. c. WALLACE.
Manchester, June IL, 1856.
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
Cambridge
Notice.

WHEREAS. my wife Matilda has left my bed
w and board without justifable catse. this II
to warn and notify all pers"ns not 10 trust or
harbor her on my account, as shall pay no debts
of her contracting. Signed. ,t..!,.
ISAIAH MACoMBER.
I Witness, W. w. GRoUT.
Creenshoro. Nav 81. 1867. 28w3
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
NOtlCe.

7 HEREBY gsve notice that ] have this day
/ given my son Emar Bellows, his time during
the remainder OF bis minority. and shall claim
none of his earnings nor pay any debts Of his
contracting after this date.
Cambridge, May 81, 1867. 2S.w3
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29

Iu'<11 = lIole historyof medical discoveries no rem
eir NJ Reformed so many or such remarkable
.olnr# the numerous affections Of the Throat,
/ n64s and chest as this long tried and justly
oSIsbr ted Basam. So generally acknowledged
ii ~ Il perior excellence Of this reihedy that but
0yr6>f {Ae many Who have tested IT'S VIRTUES by
IL Serience fail to keep it at hand as speedy
aud certain cure for sudden attacks IT cold-fhI-
II belisging that its remhdial powere are COM
urehfnive enough to embrace every form of dis.
eeso. from the slightest cold to the most danger
Gus sym ptom of pulmonary complaint.
Ftoh y. d. HoSMER. ESQ.,, Of Topsham.
TofsHAM, W., April 81, 1860.
uessu6 -. W. FoWLE IL CHI.
(1cntiomen IL take great plereure in adding
soiae ID ths mass of testimony in favor OF that
invalaahie Cough Remedy--Dr. Wistar's Balsam
AZ Wild herry. During the past winter my
sIH n aifectel with a severe Cough and in
9s1e I11I0n on the lungs. After suffering severe
IL [|5< 81 NY days. WiStar's Balsam was recon-
,1S11&d "a trial of whidh gave / mediate and
,raro1s5uoIt relief. have known OF the Balsam
& en- used in csses OF Asthma, with the
15rabIe results, [ ana sure that il the
o* III were as well a6vRaintad with the
This great remedy, as | am, you would
~ 4 = b{s 10 supply the demand. | would ad.
VIE IL Tho suffer from cot CHS. colds ETC., to
xIv3 Ih|* medicine an early and thorough trial.
N 41E N ours truly, J d, HOSMER.
III <fd by SETH W. FOwI.E u son. Is
~ y S1< 4treet. Boston, and for sale by drug
x1xX x<68raly.
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
Liberation (!

This may certify that have this day given my
| son Abrsm g. Sulham his time during the
re .nander othis minority and that shall Meth
claim his earnings nor pay any debts OF his con-
tracing after uhs date.
J. G. SULTAN,
HYDE Park. Nav 9th 1867. o26w3
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
Wool CARDING {!

THE subscriber would announce that ne WIN
carry ON the business Of Wool Carding, the
ensuing season, at Cady's Starch Factory, on the
side OF the river from his late place 81
business. VIII be ready to accommodate MS
customers by the 10th ofJune. IN
DEXTER PLACE,
Cadets Falls NAV IA. 1867. 26w6.30
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
Notice.

THIS is.to certify chat have this day given
] my sou. RufusD. Davis, his time during the
remainder of his minority and that ] shall not
pay any debts OF his contracting. or claim any Of
n'' '''n '.'s ''' ''' ''' ABSER ahvus.
Belyidere, Nav 1, IsC7 c-scsn
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
Liberation.

THIS is to Ger ify that haze this day given
i my son, Eli Cutler, his time during the re-
msinIer of his minority and shall neither claim
any OF his earnings nor pay any debts OF his con
tracing after this date.
GEORGE CUTLER.
April GOTH 1866. 2'w3-2S
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
A Card.

THE Subscriber having found 1t necessary. on
j account of continued illhealth, to sell out
the stove. Tin. Iron and Hardware business car
ried on by him in stowe, would extend his cor
dial thanks to is many customers, for their
C, ntinued patronage in years past and would
also, cheeriully and confidently recommend the
new firm OF Stafford and Ellington, to his large
list of customers, as worthy OF an extensive pat.
renage, being youns men acquainted with their
business and who will give their entire stten,
ton to the wants of their customers,
H. ID. WOOD.
Stowe, May l6, 1867, 2Stf
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
q / { D

In Eden. May 49, 6. D. wilkins. son of Hazen
and Mary Ann wilkins, aged Il years. 10 mos.
and 10 days.
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29

Price, rs. cents per Bottie.
..firt ru w s~fti ..aN uis iN .e4 Ffa
This ipvalpable med,ci ne will be prepared for
the present OF tbs A&! .HaA
New England Botanic Depot, Boston,
under the supervision Of Dir. POLAND. for the
proprietor, J. y. FREFCH.f tirf
to whom oil orders should DO addressed. .tis q
Gro. O, Goopwis & Co., General A gents. Dos
0r ,4HE IE AsIsmFenY
- 1r-,:v.. In n,edief-. ~ - 'eN
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
G Protean foems of Difeare orig.

0H the Protean foems Of Difeare orig.
- SCROFU LA,
! Nothing can equal the purifying effects
Inc when administered in pure state.
pa. II. LNDERs' IODINE WATER
Il solution of Iodine dissolved in water,
II solvent. and is the best remedy for
l&Snd kiedred diseases ever discovered.
1 {Bsfl3e. J. p. DINSMORE,
So Dep street, N. Y.
| 81 Druggists generally. ~
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1867-05-29
y H.ttr +
PARTICULARLY

vry,'.r =. <t.' a. e.. ..,,f
Erysipeias, Nsttles ash. SAIL .Reum. Scref4
ula Carbuncles, Rolls and Piles.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1867-10-04
The Presidents Position

johnson has entered upon a course
which shuts out the last chance oi
reconciliation, and renders all com.
promise impossible. Vows and pro-
testations will serve him no longer.
Pretences of compliance with the law
which he is trying to obstruct are no
longer admissible. His parrot-talk
about the constitution is laughed at
as sheer nonsense and hypocrisy. He
stands revealed an enemy not less of
Congress and its laws than of the
country and its peace. Wsntonly,
treacherously, with no conceivable
hope of success. impel.ed only by
reckless malignity and an insane
ambition, be has re.opened the quar-
rel In shape which renders his fate
and the duty Of the governing party
perfect clear. As between the Exec
utive and the people represented by
Congress, there will now be neither
the giving nor the taking of quarter.
Johnson has unsheathed the sword
OF a disturber and q usurper, and
there can be no further parley with
him--N Y. Times.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1867-10-04
A Nice spectacle-Apply Ing q
Principle

A correspondent of the Norwalk
Reflector relates q transaction as
having taken place in connection
with Democratic procession in Mer
Ger county few days since, which
is disgrace to those taking part in
it, to the political party under whose
auspices it occurred, to the communi
ty which tolerated it, and to the
State. The writer Gays: Attached to
Democratic procession, was q wag-
on, drawn by twelve yoke of oxen,
upon the backs of some Of which
we're boys carrying banners, on
which yes inscribed, "Down with
Negro Suffrage" On the wagon
was large box, and on each side, a
grated window. Inside Of this min
iature prison, was ipcarcerated a COL
ored man, white man blackened
manaoled and In chains, indicative OF
the negro's true condition, as viewed
from the Democratic stand point
The Copperhead throng. as this dis
graceful soens passed along, rent the
air with their demepiscal shouts,
SURPRISING, il possible, in intensity
and tiendishness, the savage yell of
the barbarian, on witnessing the
writings of his victim, when subjec
ted 70 the excruciating torture of the
burning fagot.
Mercer county is one of the local
tiles In whteh. the Democratic party
holds moro undisputsd sway than in
any others in the State. At the polls
and in the community, it had every
thing its own way, the only excep-
tion being very slight disturbance
of its policy by the Provost Marshal
during the last two years of the re-
bellion, when the draft was enforced.
So thoroughly had this locality be-
come imbued with genuine Copper
headism" that after the return of the
"great banished," arrangements were
made for..he purchase of a residence
in that county, which was to be pre-
sented to him, with the view of his
making a home there, but foE some
reason unknown to US, he found
more encouragement elsewhere.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1867-10-04
10 Teachers.

Examinations to commence at half past nine
O'Clock, 4. n.
Each applicant Ia required to pay the Ex
amnsrs fee of fifty cents on entering The
class.
All applicants are required to furnish writ.
Ten testimonials of good moral character.
those who have been engaged as teaohsrs 10
obtain these from their last employers, VINO
will also certify to their faithfulness andcuc.
cess as teachers; which testimonials Eli bo
kept on ile.
No certificate will be issued without an ex.
animation; no private examinations will be
neld no certificate will 6e antedated; no
candidate will be admitted for re-exanina.
tion within three months after a second fail
ure. Applicants are requested to furpish
specimens of penmanship.
Those who fail TO comply with the aboVo
acquisitions will not be admitted tog re-eSanl,
lnatiOn.
By order of the Board.
JOHN BOWMAN,
jan-ly5 Secretary Board of Exsminers.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1867-10-04

The issue before the people now is,
no matter how many attempts are
made to disguise it, Shall we have
Democracy or despotism? The ed
ucation of the public mind up to
that standard wherefrom the transit
tion to absolute monarchy is easy,
has been in successful operation for
several years. The election of a
sectional President--the blockading
OF Southern ports-the raising of
men and money to 'put down the
rebellion" as it was called--the sup
preston of free speech, free press,
and the habeas corpus and the trial
by jury-the passage and enforce
ment of conscription laws-hordes
of provost marshals running loose
over the land-the people ground
down BY internal taxss-ths creating
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1867-10-04

Two doors south OF W. q. l. j. J. whee, or
i Co.'S Store, Main Street, Findlay, Ohio,
nave on hand and for sale choice Family
Groceries, suoh rs Flour. Salt, Fish, Coffee.
Tea, Sugar, Carbon Oil. Tar, Hams, 30.
Cash paid for Butter and Eggs. Gall OF
ANIME ana save jour u0ssy. RssasgeSs
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1867-10-04

Let every man be at the polls
neat Tuesday. WORK!
Nashville union and dispatch. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1866-1868, 1867-08-21
AN ERROR CORRECTED.

A number of newspapers in and out Of
Tennessee have inadvertently, or through
design, stated that, except by what is
termed the "Old Legislature" no amend
ment to the constitution of this State
could be proposed or acted upon until the
expiration of six years. This is a mis-
take The constitution preseribes that
the Legislature may propose amend
ments, which, if concurred in by the
next succeeding Legislature, and then
approved and ratified by thepeople, shall
be part of the constitution; and pro-
ceeds "The Legislature shall not pro-
pose amendments to the constitution
oftener than once in six years. 1t is
from this clause that it is asserted that
there can be no further amendment for
six years.
The truth is that the Legislature has
not proposed an amendment within the
last six years, and the one just elected has
ample power TO propose one or any num-
Der. 1t can do more. 1t can call con-
vention to revise the old, or make a new
constitution.
The framing of gOvernment-the max
ing of constitutions is essentially work
of the people Whether the Legislature
acts or not, they have, at all times the
right and the pOaoer to make such con-
stitution as they desire In our present
constitution they have declared this
right to be unahenable and indefea-
sible." 1t belongs to them, and they
have said it cannot be given away If it
be taken from them, then they are the
bendmen Of the person who robs them of
it, and are no longer freemen There is
but one single circumstance or condition
attached to the exercise of this right, and
that arises upon our relation to the
Federal government; which, in this re-
spect is paramount, and requires that
any government we may form for ours
selves shall be republican in form-and
it should have been added republican in
substance.