Bedford inquirer. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1857-1884, 1867-06-21
farla, Garden & 9onlsehold.
THE AppLE TREE RoRER.
SURF rEnspr AGAINST ms ATTACKS.

remedy against his attacks" Yes, aud be
siieve the only certain and reliable remedy.
rl,s s.r ele ,nrer is the iArvae or grub Of GER
tam very beautiful bug or beetle which de-
posts lis eggs at or near the surface Of the
ground, on the trunk Of the tree, during the
months Of May and June. think each bug
lays from fifteen 10 thirty eggs, or else they
lay different clusters Of them; but it is no
matier-they lay enough ofthem any way.
These. eggs hatch outin week or two, nice,
plump, little rer-yellewish white, with
yellowish red head-ye small and trihing at
first but he Immediately begins to fulfil his
destiny by eating his way through the bark Of
The tree, which it takes him from six weeks
10 two months TO accomplish-not usually GO
ing straight through, but reaching the wood
about half an inch from the starting point at
this time he is from an eight to a quarter Of
inch in length. He now commences to
feed on the liber and adjacent wood, aud
grows apaee until cold weather commences,
when he usually eats his own way downwards
below the surface of the soil, and there hyber-
mates during the winter. cat least think he
hybenlates.)
The next spring, as soon as hard freezing
is over, he goes to work vigorously, still feed
ing on the liber orinner bark; by fall he viii
have attained length of to of an inch
when he always--I believe-works his way
below the surface of the soil and apparently
feeds but little until spring. With the com
mencement Of warm weather he is again yig
orously at work, and as he has attained con-
siderable size, it takes considerable to supply
his eommissary department during the coming
summer. During this third and last summer
Of his life is the time when he does the most
Of the damage.
In a tree one or two inches in diameter,
one borer win eat all around until it comes
within a quarter of an inch of girdling it. In
larger trees there are usually from one to Ave
10 a tree, if any; one boTer in a tree three or
four inches in diameter does not generally
iujure it fatally without he cuts clear around
it, which is not often the case, but when there
are more they almost always cut within about
:. @i4@-4--. r
which generally proves fatal.
We have now followed specimen until be
has reached the third and last fall of his
growth, at which time he is full inch or
more in length, and of the thickness Of a
goose quill; between this time and the first
of the following May, our borer cuts, hole
directly through the trunk of the tree, few
inches above the surface of the soil, within
all but shaving of the bark on the opposite
side; then drawing himself back little, he
goes into the chrysaEs state, from which, in
the course of a few weeks, he emerges a per-
feet bug
Now, having followed him through his
changeful life, and knowing something of his
habits, will suppose that have young
orchard Of any number of trees, say thou
sand; the second season after planting, about
the last of July, or during the first half Of
August, with a common hoe, | take all the
weeds and other trash, and about an inch Of
soil, from the crown of the trees; then, any
time from the first to the middle of Septem
Der, with pocket knife, examine carefully
the stem of each tree; the borer can be readi-
ly found By the refuse thrown out Of the hole
made on entering; this refuse of borer Of
the same season S growth, will be about the
size of pea, and, being of glutinous ma
ture sticks around the mouth ofthe hole, and
can readily be SEEM older ones throw out
eoarser chips that fall to the ground When
one is found, cut him out. IF an orchard
IL carefully examined in this way each year,
there need be but few, If any borers missed,
and as they are more easily found the second
fall OF their growth, and can have done bat
little damage at that time, we would never
receive any serious injury from them. Now
it's no great task to do this; man viii clear
the litter and soil around thousand trees in
day, and can take the borers out in another
day. will agree TO do both jsSs carefully
in one day Prairie Farmer.
DU WE NOV roo muUn LANDE
Willard, in one Of his agricultural letters
from Europe, a short time ago, discussed
this question, and says when in England, the
past season, among the dairy farms, we found
this question studied and reduced TO better
system than With US. It is a matter Of some
Importance there TO know how to keep lib
eral amount of stock on a small space. BY
increasing your stock, you not only add to the
receipts or income, but also to the fertility of
your soil from the increased quantity Of ma
nure. They believe, therefore, in extending
area of pasture lands, converting the green
feed into milk, butter and beef, while the hay
lands are reduced to the smallest compass
possible. Wherever they can irrigate meadow
land it is done, and large yields result Some
adopt the system of alternate cropping and
moving in order to keep up permanent mead.
ows, and this, of course, in addition to top
dressings. But they have another system,
not common in this country, and that is the
production of hay on arabic lands, in regular
rotation crops, under three, four or FIVE
course shift. For instance, the rotation may
be wheat, turnips, barley, grass. The last
may be moved one or two years, according
TO The shift adopted, when the land is broken
up and put TO wheat. Now, under this sys-
TEN, the land when put down to grass is seed
ed heavily, often with from II 10 bushels of
the lighter seeds, and y to Is pounds Of the
eloYers. The result is an immense yield the
FIRST yeaz-as much as q tons and more per
acre. Iwent upon meadows of this descrip.
tion where the yield of hay must have been
at least . tons, and / estimated it at tons
per acre. Then, in Winter, they chop the
c1Jl q