Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1867-03-21

Packard, of Yale College, Just no W residing
in Athens, twill be found instructive.sI
bespeaks for it the attention Of your read
ers. Yours truly,
.gz.E8 r. ROsWELL D.sH1rcHeoCK.
,ossi PRoFEssoR PAcKARDss LETTER. g ~ 2
ATHENS, GREEce, Feb. z, 1857
The revolution new going on in Crete
deserves from the American people more
atte1H0n h9n, apparently, it has yet re-
ceive6 Iti&nQt 8 Meta Rassin2 outbreak
of discomfort with the measures OF an un-
stfSsgfa 81 S 16e Gisa 6pIatioS s 81 tba is-
land. tOl ffke themselves from the Jrtllt of
TuFkeyY which all the power Of fIthee4lPire
has thus Tar failed 70 put down In q period
of .n10Hd 1hAl SIX nolithS. SlliOId
Ip 1858 the people 81 Crete formallgRp-
peated to the Sultan Tor the restoration of
thecfigkt (which they had been depfaked
ions of his. decree of 1856, we'll known as
theHatti &qp9yepmr which pTofessed to
guarantee religious liberty to alt the Chris
tian subjects of Turkey = At the same time
they asserted their Willingness to remain
loyal to him as their sovereign. Two COM
mieionerswere. senE from Copstautin9ple
to bold cehferep ce with the Fepresenta-
tives of the people, the result of which was
the isspfHg pfR decree fJgug x 1855 which
promised the fulfilment of all their re-
quests. This satisfied the people and Sc
cuFeaC peace; but sthe promises thus made
were soon Nofg0tteh, and the old system of
oppressionS was 5rasumed by the G6vernor
and officials. The endurance of the Cretans
was W0r1 out at last, and In the spring of
1896 began the fevolution Of Whien an Ac
count will be given in succeeding article.
ln,April 1860. the FepreseHtali vess softhe
Cretan peeple asseMb bled to deliberate about
some relief from their burdens and wrongs.
They prepared an address to the Sultan,
presenting in the most respectful manner
the following reOIiestS: 81, #i ID
1. Fhat the excessive burden Of the taxes
be ightened- Since 1868 Srhe old taxes tnve
been increased and many new ones i'm
posed. I6 can be shown by, statistics that
within the last two years more has been
pam in taxes and impOsts than the whole
amount of The production Of the island:
THAT means of com alton between
different parts Of the couAtry may be fIlr-
nisded, 1.-The entire want Of which causes
many accidents by winter floods, alld much
loss of crops by the difficulty of getting
them to market M 91isihsm y1sra 20 lIf 1ss T
3Tnat the rights granted by the decree
of 1858 in regard to local goyernmentsnla
be realized. The refusal on the part of the
officials to hold elections at the appointed
times makes the possession Of the right of
voting mere fiction. -
4s1Thst the abuses In the administration
given only in the Turkish lang lage, the
spheres of q ffsrent off iais are n 1t }lefiaed
by daWs and the testimony of a Ghristian is
not admitted !fsisLs - jaiii ~ inefze nF ii2Us
5.9Thst some security for personal free
dom may be given. At prfsentany person
is labs e of io kfgse prison
6. That 8herneedetB schools aud hospitals
may beyfHfnished, without which the com
muhitY Is greatly Suffering. ksRs EgA
Besides these reqaests made in the ad-
dress to the ,Snltap, the people earnestly
desired the recall OF tsnlalll Pacha, the gov
ernor OF the island, the opening of their
portsQ QtS free sexHort a0d ipaportp t6e1es-
tablishment ofFa baukl0fI tpan, ana Gthe ces-
sation Of interferencs 90 the. part. of the
GoFap1msht eHdtnI the I properly Of The
orTheS; These modsrare md Just dgtnands-of the
Cretaps,. though pFesepted in "a quiet and
pectfuDRay, ReEe1jot faEo orabiy> received
blythe Turkish Gevernnent. After wait
ing three months they wereF informed in
JnlyCbg SaIpSocIamat tiAa Lop pIsaal pPaeha
that they must disperse to their homes al
ones,aer theylw9Hlds beodisp peFsed by f9rce
of arms. Tbis answer showed them the
necessity Of FeseEtin& te arms to- obtain
theiEFi9hts as, men and their tfeedom as a
people. The @GeiIersa Assem- bly of Crete
addressed note. dated July % Iold style3, tC
their wrongs audo dsclarin& their deter
mination to take AlR aeaas forsedress, leav-
ing ~ the G0vefnmeHtrEeSRen Alep before
the 'cfVf1ized world for the coriseq ien ces ,
They adoPeed 6he Greek Aags and proceed.
ed to organize themselves for war. Before
the van bEbke opt< hQgeVer, dsJ6ah Rcha
in obedience. to his ipstrnctionss from Con-
stantihople, sent Tesseng to the Gretan
to suggest to then that they shohld ask tt
be put again under. the direct. government
of Egypt. This proposition they rejected
without hesitation, and demanded uHioI
with Greece as the only thing that eoulC
satisfy them. The war then began, which
has continued until the present time.
svGhe Turkish forces. have held the town
ahd plains, while the mOuntains have beer
held by the Greeks, The Turkish army is
estimated at about forty-five thousand, in
cludingea a number of Egyptian troop.
while the Greek organized force, Cretans
andvolhnteers, amounts TO perhaps nine
thousand. The war has cohsisten OF effort
on the part of the Turks to dislOdge the in
surgents from their strong positiO ms in tht
mountains while the Greeks, not veptur-
ing u pitched battle on level ground, have
adopted the tactics required by their small
nimberss Several desperate contests have
heweyers taken places which Re mind US o
the battles of the revolution of 1921. Th
defense of' the monastery of Arcade de
Missolonghi in 1895. In Arcade some tw,
hundred soldiers, with more than thre
hundred women and child ren,l llaintaine
themselves for two days and nights agains
an1 array of7fifteen Thousand. AT lehgT
the cannon of the Turks battered Gown th
walls in several plaees and they forced thei
way in; but the heroic garrison, rchOOsip
theirs powder magazine at the momen
when the enemy entered.
1t can scarcely be said that either part
has eained any decided advantage as. -ye
though the Greeks are greatly encourage
by their success in holding out so long, an
it can hardly be doubted that the Turk
fr6mithe nature Of thecontest, have lsufel
etf far greater losses of men than tli
GfeelSs ~ y ct these by the devastation {
their lands and burning of their houses,
the repeated massacres among their wiyt
and children, blythe great priyatlons the.
are enduring. are going through Yer
furnace of affiiction which will adestrO
them as a people if it, does not make thel
soAbont the beginning of September zth
representatives of the insurgents address
letter to President johnson, III whic
they Eeeounted very clearly. their preyiol
sacrifices. for liberty, and the oppression
which drove them to the present uprisin
a3d asked the moral Influence Of the Un
ted States Government to obtain for the
favorable consideration from the Europea
powers. -- -
The island has been surrounded by Turl
isfl vessels, but the blockade has been ii
from effective, for one or two little steame
have made regular trips from Athens witl
OtItz serious hindrance. One English al
one Russian, vessel (the Grand Admirs
which was built in New York in 1854
have taken off a number of the destitu
and suffering families. sof the Yipsurgen
and brc6ght them to Athens. We are gls
to learn, that at last by the efforts OF M
Morris, our Minister at Constantinopl
there is hope thar United States steam