The Fremont weekly journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County, Ohio) 1867-1877, 1867-11-22

cant and his fitness to serve his government
faithfully; and that they also hold out the
inducement of continuance aud advance
ment in office, the incumbent being absu-
lutely sure of retaining his position irres-
pective of any change of ministers or heads
of departments. In England, France and
the German States applicants are subject TO
competitive examination. In Russia and
Greece they must present certificates of COL
lege education; in Italy, Portugal, Spain,
Belgium. Holland and Switzerland qualif-
cation sis prevail. together with the sys
tenn of promotion. Even in Turkey quail
ification test insisted upon, and in the re-
mote East-in China and Japan-the persons
employed in the government offices are tie
most learned men of those Empires. Mr..
Jenckes' bill provides for the appointment
of the President, with the advice and con-
sent of the Senate, of a board of three COM
missioners, to hold Office for five years,
whose duty it shall be to prescribe tie re-
quisite qualifications and to provide for the
examination of candidates for the civil SER
vice.
To Mr.. Justin S. Morrill, is chiefly, if not
entirely due the credit of having finally OBJ.
tanned the passage through Congress of a
bill which became law by the signature of
Mr.. Loncoln, on June II, 1862, appropria-
ting to the several States portion Of public
lands for the purpose of encouraging insti
tutions for the benefit of agriculture and
the mechanical arts. In a paper entitled
Our National Schools of Science, which ia
most appropriate title for these truly nation
al institutions, Mr.. D. G. Gilman shows
| what has already been accomplished in sew
eral of the States under this grant, and the
projects of others regarding it. An erro-
| neous impression was obtained that the in
stituiions contemplated by the law would be
purely agricultural. This error is pointed
out, and the object of the law shown to be to
promote the general scientific education of
American young men in such way as in the
wisdom of the Legislatures the several states
should be thought most conducive to that
end. Tae aggregate of the grant of land is
over $4,000, 900 sores.
"The Reformation of Prison Discipline"
is subject that particularly ,commends it.
self to the attention of all political parties
for, however necessary it may be to confins
the law-breaker, this confinement should be
rs well IOr MS own re1ormatl0n, IS the pro-
lection of society. 1t is evident that the
prisoner is wholly in the hands of his keep
ers for good or for i'll. And to prevent and
check all abuses of authority, care should
be taken that the visiting committee appoint
ed by the Legislatures should be composed
of known humane and intelligent citizens.
authorized at any and all times to examine
the penitentiaries. Their visits should be
so timed that the Wsrders should have no
notice of their coming, to the end that they
may see the actual everyday working Of
the system, and remove all undue tendency
to hardship or severity on the one hand, as
well as laxity of decipliue on the other.
The remaining articles are: George the
Third and Lord North The United States
Naval Observatory Bank of England Res
friction, 1797-182l Arthur Hugh Clough
lndo- European Philology; Winthrop Pspes;
Critical Notices.