Litchfield enquirer., 1867-08-08
I T E M s ,
FOREIGN.

ence has probably shown that general oaths of allegiance have proved utterly useless. In peaceful and prosperous times they are not needed; in times of difficulty and dan ger they are not observed Europe, India and America have of late furnished abun- dant proof that paths, as political secu~ rity, whether they be taken by people to their rulers, or by rulers to their people, have proved ute. ly inefficient"
 There is steady though not rapid in- crease in the number of sugar producing farms of Liberia. On the St. Paul's river there are about hundred of these, where there were but two or three ten years ago. And as an evidence of the extent of some of th-se farms, it is stated that one of the pounds of sugar, 5000 gallons of molasses and 200 gallons of syrup.
 From 65, ,OOO to 100000 persons daily visit the French exhibition.
 English papers are remarking upon the large number of prizes awarded to Ameri- can exhibitors in the Paris Exposition, and are particularly impressed with the excel lence ot our native wines, and the popular ity of Boston crackers The keen appre-
 
 have shown of the American restaurant in surprise to ourselves as to the rest of the world The prospect now is that Europe will yield the palm to the United States in buckwheat cakes, corn bread, and cock tails, as we'll as in the more honorable in- ventions of reaping and sewing machines and locomotives.
 The Pall Mall Gazette remarks: 1.-The large number of awards given in the Amer ican section of the international exhibition has been attracting considerable attention to 1t within the past few days. Out of 523 exhibitors, 262 have received rewards Out of these there were four grand prizes, ten decorations, seventeen gold medals, and the rest bronze and honorable men tions. The excellence of some of the American wines, especially the Catawba wines of Werk, has occasioned some sur- Boston biscuit, called crackers, are made is much visited"
 The Pope is at this moment in quanda- ". At the beginning of this month he denounced the Italian Kingdom, pronoun- cing it ''accursed of God," and predicting it's ruin. Before the end of the month he is under the necessity of receiving the offer of this same accursed Kingdom to prevent the overthrow of his power by the Garibal- dlans The Pope, one should think, must feel when compelled to take shelter under the flag of a government against which he has just launched his maledictions He must hereafter be more cautious with his curses.
 In the House of Commons on the 10th of July there was an interesting debate on 8 bill for the better education of the poor. The bill is only permissive il it's character and, authorizes boroughs and districts to form school unions and levy rates for the maintaining existing schools. The Tories admitted the unsatisfactory state of popu- lar instruction, but objected to the bill, which they thought would deprive the schools of their sectarian character, and prepare the way for the introduction of an- other American institution. So they pre- ferred for the present to let the poor peo- pie grow mp ill ignorance, and rejected the bill.
 DOMESTIC.
 Gen R. E. Lee, it is said is to be appoin- ted President of the Covington and Ohio railroad of Virginia and son, Custis, is to be chief engineer General Schofeld has addressed letter to the justices of the Hastings court at Richmond re- questing an explanation of their action in the case of Hovey, teacher of freedmen, and Hotze The former was assaulted by Hotze and nominal fine was imposed, while Hovey for punishing Hotze's brother for disturbing the school was fined $15O and sentenced to thirty days imprison- ment in the county jail. An explanation IS demanded also, for allowing & aaol pros to be entered in the cases of certain south ern blacklegs indicted for exhibiting the game of faro. The justices meet on Mon day to consider the letter.
 The great suit of Gerritt Smith against the Chicago Tribune, for libel, laying the damages at $50, 900, was settled on Satur. day after personal interviews between Smith and the Tribune proprietors Smith charges that the Tribune accuses him of feigning insanity, and taking refuge ill an asylum to avoid the consequences of com pllclty in the John Brown raid. This in- timation, the Tribune, upon the strength of the dispositions of me lical men to smiths real insanity, retract, and admit 'A'o OLAAeh "1o ISslly luStlS.
 A Montreal paper announces that sJef- ferson Davis was incog. at the Theatre Roy al at representation for the benefit of the Southern Relief Fund. When recognized he was enthusiastically cheered" It would be interesting to know how MT. Davis man. ages to go ''incog." His ordinary costume is not so different from other mems that ne should need disguise, and his one great experiment in that line was not an eminent success.
 Cooperation in the labor movement ap- pears now to be taken the place of the eight hour question. The plumbers in Chi cago, in May last, struck for eight hours, and the employers owing to the pressure of business, were compelled to yield. Now there has been a reaction in the business of plumbing and the ''bosses' have struck back, and have succeeded in re-establish- ing ten hours as day's labor, The coach makers of Newark, N. J., are taking steps to open cooperative carriage manufacto- ". In Cincinnati, Ohio, furniture es- sablshment has been started on the CO., operative principle, which employs six hundred men, most of whom are stockhol- ders, which is said to have capital stock of $2, ,O0O,0 A like association has been formed in New York city by the boiler ma kers and iron ship builders. They have requested MT. Greeley to become their treasurer, an honor which he has accepted.