Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1867-04-06

ture may now be regarded as fully estab-
llished--Ca California takingfthe lead. though
some of the best samples have come from
Georgia and the Ohio valley. The capaci-
lty of the United States for vine culture
may be Judged from the single fact that
California alone has 100000 acres adapted
to vineyards, while the aggregate of Euro
Ipeau vineyards is supposed not to exceed
- 000000. The estimated annual yield per
acre in the Western States is about equal
to that of France-two hundred gallons, TO
the acre. In the South five hundred are
claimed, and in California eight hundred,
The number of vines now bearing in Cali
fornia is about 4500, 600, the yield amount
ngtosomething like gallon for each vine.
Vine growers in the, United States were
never before so much encouraged as now
to perseYere in their efforts. ,j NJ ffs T.
Frost HELPS THE sFARMERs---In this
climate winter rarely sets in until from
frequent and heavy rains the ground is
pretty thoroughly saturated with water. tItI
would be misfortune to the agrlculturlst
to have the soil freeze solid and perma+
nently for the season--on the heels of a
Elrouth. Wellssand. springs would fail in
the winter time, and the action of frost
could not prove so beneficial to the soil as
If larger quantities of water We're present.
in it. Few take note of the actual effectII
of freezing and thawing upon all kinds
of soil, more especially on the heavy
Ruda-more retentiVe sones.- These most
need the action of the frost, and nature
has Brevided for them to receive it to a
greater extent than light, porous soils.
the pores Of the soil and by its expan4
sion when frozen it cracks, pulveriZes, lifts
apart the particles from each other, to a
more minute degree than it is possible to
accomplish by any machinery. While this
actions is favorable to the extension of the
- l.. l-aVZ r. i
plant food which is physically so combined
as before to be. unavailable as fertilizers.
So, the looser the soil is left before winter,
the better will be the action of the frost1
upon it. On heavy lands, spaded gardens
and ploughed fields late in, autumn7 are
signs of good husbandry.-Rural Nea0
YORKER. 2 2 j q s.'.s
STRAW AS FooD.-Be careful of the
straw 1t is not very long since straw was
regarded assworrhless upon half of the
farms in the country. Of late years diff
ferent opinion has prevailed, and 1T is now
generally recognized as an important as
sistant, in the :-wintering of stock. Mr.
Horsfall, great authority or. agricultural
matters, says: FI"l am satisfied that the
most economical use of TODD rich in album
inous matter, is to feed it with straw or
Othermatefials which are deficient in this
element" Mr. Mechi, another great au-
thority, says:ss.T have leng since adopted
straw as food, and should consider myself
foolishly improbable to waste it uselessly
in open and wet farm-yards." The RurdL
World says: tsStraw when early cut and
properly cured, not dried, has somewhat
the quality of clover. But, oh, how neg
lecttul are we about the curing OF straw,
when it is one of the finest employments!
There is a fragrance about such straw, and
q pale green tint, which makes it a valuable
and most pleasant fodder Straw may be
fed with advantage to all kinds of stock.
1t is excellent to mix with meal or feed
with carrots, beets or turnips. If straw
was properly econemized, hay would be
much cheaper. .et7i
CARE OF Cows.-It is necessary to see
that cows are well fed and have little ex-
ira attention. A little corn-cOb meal tends
to keep up a healthy tone of the system.
Even though the hay may be of poorer
quality, they will eat it with better relish
when they are healthy than when poor. 1t
is a miserable economy that pinches the
food of domesticated animals. - -ss
SANDY LANDS.
tsOf all soils to be cultivated, or to be re-
stored. none are preferable to the sandy
light soils. ."-DR. DANA. s--t tft4u
The common opinion is that sandy lands
are our poorest lands-aHd in conformity
with this opinion, thousands of acres are
suffered to lie uncultivated, to spring up to
wood if they will, or afford a scanty crop
vi WHY S1dSS W SnOOP GAC11 dA z diAOWOO W
Ifcultivated at all, it is with rye, genera
tiOn after generation either every year, or
every alternate year, as the land may hold
out, and without the application of ma
nure $3.50. .,5 ossfvi y 30 .,-i-s. .s.a-, - 4t
All this is wrong, both in theory and
practice, and would not be continued if we
better understood the nature of soils and
how to treat them. =
Sandy lands are usually among our most
level lands, and are cheaply cultivated on
this account. They are light, and are plow:--
ed at one-half the cost of adhesive soils.
Twice as many acres of them may be hoed
in given time as can be in heavy and
stony lands. -.s"-f'e
Sinclair says sandy soils of good quaIi-
ty, under a regular course of husbandry.
are of great value. They are easily work
ed, and at seasons; they are cultivated at a
moderate expense are not so liable to in
jury from the ,vieissitudes of the weather !;
and in general are sufficiently retentive Of
moisture, to produce good crops, even in
dry summers.Is ~ Tr&
Sandy lands may be improved in several
ways, and the plan adopted should depend
upon surrounding circumstances. If they
are adjacent to a clay pit, clay may be used !;
if near deposit, of muck, muck may be
used; or both may be employed with de-
. cidedly beneficial results. .-s. 1900.
If the land is too far from such sources of
supply, then another plan may be adopted.
1t may be restored by turning in crops,
green or dry, where they will decay under
the surface. Sandy lands may therefore,
! be reclaimed, wherever situated, and
brought into a fertile condition, and at a
fair profit. 7sf saej ''a aai 81. . '-l" -a
One plan. Of operation is to plow under
green crops, such as oats, millet, buckwheat
or, dover. when the crop is in bloom. re-
. seed at once and plOw in another crop the
Z same year. If the land has been dressed
with clay or peat muck, this operation
{ greatly hastens the work of reclamation.
Dana says that it is the experience OF
some practical men, that one crop allowed
5 to perfect itself and die where it grew, and
Z then turned in dry, is superior to three
: turned in green.lo The whole result is ex-
! planned by the fact that dry plants give
] moregstne tthe word means .earth, " on the
E prodnctof decaying vegetable matter than
: green. Green plants ferment-dry plants
5 decay. .,-.. -. -. .ls
s as gas, and more volatile products are
| formed, than during decay. The one is a
quick consuming fre-the other a slow
mouldering ember, giving off, during all
r its progress, gases which feed plants and de-
+ compose the silicates (that is sand, flint,
QatdYtz of the soil. -
These hard si1icates in the soil, have their
uses and an important part to perform. Il
belongs to AS to supply them with vegetable
matter. Feed them well with muck, straw,
meadow hay.irushes, flags, or almost any
other vegetables and their decay will
'fcause anseyolution of carbonic acid gas
{ that dee0nlposes the silicates of potash in
the sand that potash converts the inSoIu Die