The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-11-29
EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE.
The DevoIOpment OF PennsylvanIa-Ths
Progress OF Manu1acturob-PItt
A Great Manufacturing City, Etc.

The DevoIOpment OF PennsylvanIa-Ths
Progress OF Manufactureb-PItt
A Great Manufacturing City, Etc.
r0 -r PITTsBURG, Nov. o. 1867. 4
The traveller through Pennsylvania cannot
fail TO be struck by the evidences Of growth and
imp ovement which he witnesses on every
hand. doubt whether there is another State
in the Union which is increasing more rapidly
in wealth and population than our own. Its
agricultural interests, stimulated by ready al
constant markets, are in nigh condition OF
prosperity; while the growth of cities and vii
lages from the increasing developments OF
manufacturing Industry, is unprecedented. 1
shall be disappointed If the census of 1870 does
not reveal some aston ishing facts in regard to
Pennsylvania, The decade from 1860 to 1870
will have witnessed the establishment
of the manufacturing interests of the
State upon a permanent foundation
a foundation of sufficient stability to
unable them successfully TO resist the competi-
tion of foreign nations. Among the incidental
blessings OF the war may be reckoned this one
that it has forced the country to the adoption
of protective system for a sufficient length of
time to enable our manufacturing interest TO
acquire stability. In the past, we have had
nothing upon which the people could conf
IDENTIFY rely. protective tariff, after being in
force long enough to stimulate the investment
of capital in manufacturing enterprises, would
straightway be followed by merely revenue
tariff. under which our infant establls h men Is
would be broken down by foreign competition.
Now, the very necessities of our position Will
compel us to maintain a protective system for
years to come, until our manufacturing in.
terests shall have grown strong and vigorous
needing no protection.
The growth of manufactures carries with 1t
the prosperity of the farming interest. Every
manufacturing centre becomes the market
for q wide range of agricultural products
Thus, met in the cars q miller from James,
vile, Wisconsin, who markets all of his -four
in Pittsburg, and another one from Lexington,
Kentucky, who. too, was accustomed to send
his mainly TO some OF the manufacturing viii
lagos Of Massachusetts, noticed last summer.
in Western New York, that the mass of their
surplus farm products were sent into Northern
Pennsylvania. Thus lis that the farmer finds a
market at his own doors rather than three
thousand miles away across the ocean.
PICtsburg is one OF the most exclusively
manufacturing cities in the United States, and
is daily becoming more and more important as
| a centre OF production and distribution. 1t is
| eligibly situated, commanding those two great
essentials OF the growth of modern cities, viz,
| a concentration of railroads and navigable
waters The railroad lines concentrating here
are numerous and important. One to Chicago,
one to Cincinnati, one to Cleveland, one to
Erie, one to the oil regions OF the upper ALLIE
gheny, one TO Philadelphia and other less inn
portant lines. The Allegheny is navigable to
Oh City, and in high water TO still above that
point. The Monongahela is navigable above
Pittsburg by slack water for one hundred and
nifty miles. The Ohio affords an outlet 10 Gin
cinnati, Cairo, st. Louis, Memphis, and New
| Orleans, while by the Missouri boats may
ascend to Kansas City, Leavenworth, Omaha
and clear through to Fort Benton. For two
seasons boats have loaded at Pittsburg direct
| for the last-named place, making the longest
river navigation in the known world. Nor are
these advantages of small Importance or unim-
| proved. see boats here today loading for
New Orleans, and find in process OF construc-
tion an iron bridge destined to span the Mis-
souri, at Kansas City.
The four great interests which now contribute
to build up Pittsburg are iron, steel, glass, and
oil.
The great facility for the iron business here is
the abundance of coal and the facilities for dis
| tribution. The iron used, I am somewhat sur
prised TO learn, is mainly from the Lake Supe.
rior mines. It's quality is found to be very
superior, and 1t is chiefly obtained by way OF
Cleveland, to which point It is brought by
vessels from Marquette, Mich. The mines at
Marquette are Ionly few miles from the lake
shore, with down grade all the way TO the
lake, rendering the transportation easy and
cheap. The Lake Superior ores are very fine.
| abound In mass at the surface or the ground,
| and the iron made from them is OF an exoelent
| quality. I visited these mines in 1860, and was
surprised 20 hnd that the process of obtaining
| the ore was simply that of blasting and exoa-
waiting. like making railroad cut through a
hill. There was no digging into the bowels OF
the earth, no costly paraphernalia OF hoisting
| works. but the cars ran directly TO the mines.
| ~ e1,o v,fIo a lV,l -
Missouri iron is also used to some extent al
PitlsburR. and would be still more largely used
were it not for the cost OF transportation. Its
quality. for sOme purposes Of least, Is deemed
superior 20 that Of the Lake Superior iron
The manufacture Of steel has lately been