New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1867-12-06


whore the ground Il seldom covered with snow FOR =
not usually sinking as low About OOOtlO acres
OF the Lands Of tho State are improved leaving about
10000 uumpgOvcd. The production OF grain In Ohio
n 1865, Including Wheat corn, rye oats DC. amounted in
he ncsresae 70 l5425ign bushels valued at 500 GOO
aud market products ar Ol3 The value of
4M"9 WE were raised ~ s1 oC OuSSS ~, 90
pounds bC5,6H gallons Of vine; 33i5,t09 pounds
7796 gallons of sorghum moasses and I4s0eOl pounds
OF honey were manufactured. Tic estimated worth Of
horses he the State in 1868 S3s7iOSS; cows t1 432lO
other cattle So 2 sheep SOlU3572; hogs. $lf6s5ST
valuation % real estate for taxation including town ana
city property SG36475i2 ana OF chatte property Si42
5G3l9 The coal fields Of Ohio equal an area of nearly
onethrd Of the whole state; rou is found in several
counties. extending over 200 suuate miles IN the wear
ending July J. 1866 there were erected i'm lie state Ii 900
new buildings, larger number than had been erected IN
any year since loj Tue assessed value of property
Sa5OOON0O.
The report then gives ct length the amount Of land IN
each ate aud Tc11iory aTonnt undisposcd of general
character ot the aud agricultural adaliaDy climate,
The report cutters length into the rights OF property
which bar Us foundations in labor traces the progress
Of mankind from hunters ard fishermen to their advance
In agriculture in the mechanic arts. and commerce,
with all tie erlzRg influences OF these elements OF pro-
grCss. The knowledge 81 agriculture was carried TO
Grcece Oy Egyptian enterprise whence It passed TO the
Latins aud by was them communicated 20 the Gelnad
forbidden ON the pfbc domain which adhered TO IN
subsequent acts in 1904 and su Tie rreimpfon princi
pie was legislatiyely asserted the beginning Of the
present ceuy aud was aftervard developed in the gen
erai PreampG laws of 1850 1890 end ls3i retrospective
IN their bearings, yet guarding prceXsing actual settle
and iuy6stIpg the settler with the ret I'm soil 20 which
he had impartcd by labor Of his hauds Seven
years after Congress laid the foundation or permanent
nrosnecve system hy tho law OF September 4 1871,
which, with tho act OF March g. 1913, operates upon the
lauds remaining uudispoed Of after having been offered
nj public sale well "a upon these not brought into
market Yet restricts the preference privilege 10 ahus
over Which the lines Of tire public have been eN-
tended Certain conditions required Oh the part ~ tue
Ter 81 ys oI nVl
T." M, ,ric,,ItI,r,t l fhe a1, OF 49, So
aud 81, 10y allowing him settle Ia most Of the uzed
land districts, CHM from the Valley the Mississippi
10 the Pacific Ocean ly the Presumption Homestead
policy places des0ate have been dotted with farms.
Villages towns, aud cities, showing that the !1nd system
has dome part the great Improvement aud unpre
Cedeuttd progress 0i the people this COuntr! which, IN
the year 100 bad population 81 235aoO Win llinted
habitaus whose industry energy and genius hl eesab-
lshed 2,iO000 farms undcr cultivation $4,000 ufhih set
Elements, consisting ~ villages towns and splendid
critics. linked together by telegraph and railways, our
principal cities yieiug with the enlightened condition OF
The pcope In hoir industrial relations social coui9rtf
aud even IN pdlatia establishments Win Inc Capitals OIL
EUrOue,
LAND GRANTS TO THE RAILWAYS or TIE UNITED STATES.
IN aid Of these enterprises hc railways Of the United
StaCsJ Congress by dGcront euactme0ts, has granted
also been heretofore granted 10 Illinois Iowa Hchif!n'
hama MilsisspIn Fioria Loaisiuua, and California,
amoGniuc IA 55Sss'5S acres. Includiug the Quantity
granted for wagon roads, n IS csD'oted ut n' me G21e
gaic H,re haze 1ecu conceded la raul bars one hud-
ret and eiyh-fOi. millions eiNht htHdred oHd thirteen
O,0USllid and niue hul0Ttf acres ~ winch quahuV
there have been already certified 10 the proper bcic
hciiries within fraction OF O0o1UO acres. THIS nuLh
fuIthcr augmented hy the financial credit on
the i>sug bonds in favor al certain copaue- Eni-
nently advantageous as Tie results may DC from these
franchises 10 subitted that the failure policy should so
economic me pnhhc aid i4iu pes 20 re,C1 IL OILY !"
such works may be Of Indispensable pauline lcCc0-i ~
and then combining the concession TO the most limited
bases compatible WITH the success OF vac e'llot' o'
cause The pU0ic domain Is great E"iiGGl heritage, ana
should he looked 10 az source t weathior come
Ihe qiaiB Of ANUS c"reyed bg Mss gri|@ IS y eHHUs
ilS etC clteedti'D ~ ne 0rtgt Dy more ne gt nI-
ions o. acres ne eitTe 1ftus ~ nc S't 'e'
rdHiO, OhiO DcigtrOre Maryland. amt Virginia. Not
tS 10 ny ,,S.'e bcy,d tI r OF Vs
desiring 10 avail Themselves Of the benefits Of the
inSgt + 6pcop,ps Icce.gry IS wiIra~ from market
large tracts bordering the roads in order 20 await Tie
Be- SSfS s gs1se % aS ,S ne 5 ds from sgo
lessen 10 anu considerable ctcAf nc scrs Gad Og0Tpi
~ ef o"r PeoFe yo' o1'a""g homes upon ea'| con-
TIE PACIFIC RAILROAD.
The increasing desire ~ European powers for ascend
eucy iu the East and Other events nave gwen W. t1r age
OF steam TIE Canal route muat important icla-
tions to the u Asia FOR TIC last quarter ~
the establishment o route 20 uGiJ by way Of TIC Eu
iTsy d trade nreane bulk rom Aesadr,a to saez
las bccu Grst by an ordinary road and now by railroad
passing from the Mediterranean down the Red Sea to IN
da. Tho existing status of that canal and terms or
dated August ~ 1867. at Pars from H. Do Lcsseps ILat
communication shows uat Nc canal I'll c"., 81 ."i
a.
now open from Port SAID on the MtdlicI!ltAh 10 Tie
southern shore o Lake Tensah distance ~ t2o miles
the remainder az the canal eNtchdHg 403 niles 10 Nhcl
not % DO opened until completion ~ Tie man caGaI,
navigation for Goat boats IN the mean tune eAlstng
water counoctug the Nile with the Red sea This Rcp1b-
East Tho aggregate British imports ahd exports Hoih
India and China FOR int nvc years ending Win 1874 was
9g7s5s7 l22. according 10 parliamentary papers OF leS9
10 which may De added individual savings IL tho An-o.
Iud ln Empire of e75sG4I9, making ~ aggregate %
vi tla i.I
the development Of our seuin communication WIN Asla
san Francisco ana ScvlOIk viii Oe nearer Than London
ia LARGE iuiu,or of Asiatc port both ia time and dis
tace even with the advantage OF Tie hDult Flsd nuch
Canal Measuring nom san Francisco, our superior 20
vantage on The score Of distance across the Pacific
extends around tho peninsula to point bei tSl
Singapore ard IcuaHGi tiaI, sIaINiE ltotn -
our local advantage reaches beyond me PhlnHe III
9nda finding TIC p36i d1o @ ,y e@HMs aDna and
S!ugaume ard that as 10 Mcl0oufIo ue VOi,
comparison with san fr9ncieC0 1912 mis anu ~ com
paiIsOu with Newl orr i9 nnes These iaSs must ,id
M fh earning trade OF the Pcitc by American bottoms
The completion of the Continental Railway VIII place
travel OF Japan From London 20 Iohohatna; 10y the
shortest eastern line, via Malbei es ana oeA y
az continuous uay CATION, Via Gibraltar ana Sue% Us d.N9
miles and co days. The travel from Japa Russian As,
an ATcApelag0 hlU 80 ~ ~ h only on the score
articles Of trade the transportation OF which forms but
Su4l Troportion OF the price facilities afforded by
onr Continental aud Oceanic lines Will largely snpersede
even tho continuous navigation OF the suez-
canal route which at any time Is liable 10
interruption by European hostiliHes. The rapidly
OF transit will, ia n large number or instances
cOunterbalance the higher rates OF railroad uanpOria-
lion ana the double traushpmen first at san Francisco
aud then at Ncw-Yofk WIN the elements OF success
thus impefccty glanced at, the Unted STATES arc hVW
cuferg npon an imperial chapter Of national prosperity
The control OF the Eastern trade is nj present what IL was
An Tho pas tho basis OF commercial ascendancy The
supremacy conferred was seen IN the spledor OF inc
Oteeu OF ihe Adrlatic in medieval ages What u has
aided I'm accomplishing In the massive aceunulatons,
nd rod corDoraOns of merchant princes IN the com