New-York tribune., 1867-10-04
1HE REH0LUTTON IN ROME.

Nothing was easier for the Italian Govern
ment than the arrest of Garibaldi. but 1t could
not arrest the idea he represented. The ital-
ians protested in insunectiOn against the mi
prisonment of their leader, and i'll answer to
that protest Rome has risen i'll revolt, and
threatens to overthrow the temporal power OF
the Pope In the capital city, where the Papal
troops are concentrated, tie people are held
down, but in Vterbo the outbreak has not been
oueled; the patriots have rescued the town OF
Acquapendente, lin the northwestern cor
ner of the Roman territory, and as the Flor
ence telegram informs us, have possession OF
the surrounding country. This Is news OF ex-
traordinary Importance. 1t is not merely
local revolt, but is inspired by national enthu-
siasm. Only in political sense can the Roman
States be considered an independent terri
tory. In fact il is portion of Italy, and
when the Romans rebel it is for the sake
of Italy, and at the suggestion of shelr
fellow -countrymcn of Tuscany and Umbrla.
Not only in the cities near to Rome, but in
Milan and Naples the arrest of Garibaldi was
followed by insuTection, and there can be no
doubt hut that this revolution will he sustained
by the moral force of the Italian nation,
and directly aided by the Caribaldian
volunteers. The standard OF revolt estab-
lishcd for three days in Oryiet0 will
find thousands of Italians TO sustain it,
and though Victor Emmanuel may prevent the
advance of organized forces, it will not be
easy 10 prevent his subjects from taking
morning walk from Tuscan vineyard into
Roman field. The line of division is only
dotted upon a map, and Garbalban vOlun-
Al -
nationality of the movement makes it seriOns.
The Holy Father has nominaly to suppress an
insurrection of his own subjects; i'll fact he has
all Italy to deal with.
The Papal throne is therefore in danger, and
the danger is increased by the refusal of the
Italian Government to send troops to It's aid.
This statement we believe, for the Indignation
which followed the arrest of Garibaldi must
have convinced the Ratazzi Cabinet of the
danger of opposing the people. The wrath of
Italy is more to be feared than the frOwns
of France. Nor is there any treaty
which binds the Government to assist the
Pope. The Convention of 1864 simply required
it to suppress any invasion of the Romon ter
ritory from italy, but did not compel it to help
i'm putting down revolt of Romans. 1T ful-
filled its obligations when it arrested Garibaldl.
To send soldiers TO Rome without the prcteXt
of a treaty, would be to deny the very creed
that gave independence TO Italy. and would be
as offensive TO the Italians as the
action of our Government would have
been had it sent troops to aid Max
ima in Mexico. The Pope must fight his
own battles. If he suppresses the revolution,
the Italian Government will acqucsce; if the
80, tba oil will
by the result Ii is perhaps, not unfortunate
for Victor Emmanuel that the Romans have
risen, for that act may be the solution of the
dilemma in which he was placed by the conflict
of French policy in his Cabinet with the un-
conquerable purpose of his people.
But the torch of war cannot be lighted in
Rome without danger to Europe. The tenn
poral rule Of the Pope has for many years,
existed solely by the will of France. The with
drawal of the French troops at any time pre-
viOus to the Convention would have caused an
insurrection, and in that Convention it was the
object of Louis Napoleon to secure the Papacy.
When Garibaldi advanced to the frontier, the
Cable informed us that French soldiers would
be sent to Rome though we believe they were
not sent. Nothing, we think, can now save
the Papal rule but the intervention of France,
yet if that is attempted it will be in violation
of at least the spirit of the treaties. The great
point of the September Convention of 1864 was
the withdrawal of the French army from
Rome and that was finally completed in De-
cember, 1866; it cannot rcGnter Rome i'll
October, 1867, without making that COM
pact nulity. There is, therefore, rea-
son To credit the report of an intcrup-
ti0n of the friendly relations Of France and
Italy. for there is too much reason to
believe that Louis Napoleon is disposed to
carry out his old policy of interference. What
ever he the result of the revolution we cannot
but welcome any event which may free Italy
from the influence of France. Her course is
now directed by a Minister who executes an
alien policy, and opposes national purpose.
Italy left TO herself would settle tie Papal
question without war, and without impairing
the spiritual authority of the supreme POntiff
Ii is France that insists OH the subjugation of
the Romans and the separation of Rome from
the rest of Italy, and it is France that has
compelled this revolution to which every friend
OF Italy must wish speedy and permanent sue
cess The hopes of the Italian patriots were
all with the Union in our late war, and our
sympatldes with their purpose are equally en-
thusiastc and earnest.
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