The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1867-02-05

past thirty yeurs been fearful from the
q the sassgcs existing within their territory but
stu ereie from the ncursioas across the border
from tke United Stat0A Especially during the oontinH
n late civil have the Indians Of the United
States had Acc access 10 tho territory and like
whinwina they Gave swept across the border blast
ing every tAng their track. Our rontier badly
tsc,ed In the peaceable times has 1851 been
entirely open ,4stF Ja
r&s COUNTRY o. nEx1co.
Tne Mexican States which most agected ~ these
Expectations no
Square L:sQ~sa l'a0, -, ~
CHIHUAHUA .-.............l2S57 lG0, 600
CoEhui,a ..... 7S6s 1880
Durango ................ G748 la6,5l9
Total Meo2 b3l. 242
10 the above might about 900 square leagues
or northern Zacatccas about he OF northern
Euevo Leon, which togesher contain about 10000
persona which swell the total TO ISL 24a OF the popu
ton of Vie country kept constant dread OF the savages
while tho OF the territory which they keep u
samostvirgin CONDITION is is nearly one haHof
mo Mexican peninsula not counting Lower California.
and fully half, count the Indian tertesy, u1der
wasisko control in Yucatan, Chapas snd Tabssco. t
SONORA ..4@ 4. +.
sonora contains IN It's northwest part the PSpagos
which number IN Mexico about eight thousand. They
are almost always with the~Shites. In the large
ashad Of nburon, the Calf Of California, and The
adjacent coast sonora found the remnant once
vary powerful tribe known the seris They number
about hundred. Thsy hive by piundering the
white settlements and rs hunting and fishing In the
districts Of San ignacio Altar, Arzpe, Montezuma and
Sahuarpa are found the Gisaos Mogoones, Chrcahuis
and other tribes Of lessor note all belonging the
Apache tribe Of which shall speak further or the
Other tribes, which peaceabe, and in general make
good miners, cattle tenders and agricultural aborers
there the Yaquis who divided nto eight towns,
and form the department Of Yaqui They occupy
magnificent agricultural lands in the valley and the
south Of the Yaaui river which flows the California
Gulf They number about fourteen thousand South OF
che Yaqui tribe and between them and northern snaoa
h the Mayo tribe which forms the department Of Mayo
They have settlements and number about
teon thousand The 0paias have than thirty set
Elements, and number about thirtyfve thousand ind
yiduals They occupy the heart Of the spurs which
shoot on into the central part Of Sonora from the sierra
Madre which, in the line OF greatest elevation forms the
boundary between Souora and Chihuahua The Pimas,
tribe Of similar nature 70 the Opaas occupy the Pin
alta" the northwest part Of the State and the
.Pfnera baja, in the Csnlre Of the State They
nineteen settlements, and number about fifteen thou.
with the whites from the savage incursions OF
the Apaches who have entirely destroyed Tour Of their
sormer settlements .ra l.s.a
This State perhaps suffered equally u not more than
OF the Diners. Her whole northern border has
been left open and rs still exposed TO the mercless
1nroads of foe who thinks lightly Of ride Of i've
hundred miles tho United States frontier
der The Haciendados and those whom they employ 70
destroy ranches aad plumber their contents and ocar
descsaison into many popuioas district Little by
MOLE shs prOoeas Of Indian abrasion against the white
sstsemens has been going on for many ysass until in
che rude work Of CIVIL warfare which has occupied
werc rolled progress and industry upon itself carry
ng their devastating wsrn far southwark TO within sight
Of che spires OF Duranao. The warks tribes which have
keps up shs work OF desoaion are famous Aynches
and ComaDches, OF whom more hereafter The only
nos hs - s', IA Iv o
Guerrero, Hidago and Nina But very little is known
about them around them as around many other q The
thai should tempt the scientific societies o. the
WsrA 70 delegate able scholar, well verssa the
three years among these tribes An intensely interest,"
ssg vclums nigh, be gwen 20 the world by who
+ woald dsvots himself faithfully 70 the object
$780,. ~ -t or rARAHuhARKs
] have learned much from Mr.. Charles Chapman who
who IN superintendent OF the Santa Clara Mining Com
pany. He s an American gentleman OF very stworthy
observation. His information agrees also with much
that have previously heard Of this tribe These Indians
live in hints made Of bushes, and sometimes OF adobes
tho SstocratIc families Many Of them reside in caves
among The rocks and mountains They live mostly in q
miserable condition and wthouta any Of The convenenees
greatest Difference, and appear 10 he more intelligent
shan the men they geoerally manage the house and
Arc masters u everything including their husbands
JESUIT MISSION #N
Some three hundred years ago the Jesuts settled at
Guasapares in the midst Of this tbe but finding them
very warlike and hostile they located themselves upon
the top Of high mountain which they named San
Miguel and called II Mission No. s. Here they found
small table land, which they cultivated and also found
. clear spring Of excellent water After building a
little chapel meanwhile defending themselves in their
stronghold which was accessible sy only one well de-.
Tended pathway, they commenced preaching, praying
and persuadng their way down the mountain until
9hey had worked themselves into the affections OF the
savagcs and reached the valleys below. The Tarahu-
mares were Al that time, perfectly Wild and almost IN
40x
stancy finally gathered the whole tribe under the
OF tho order, and them complete control Of the
die Of their enofts small and they erected
> church upon the hillside Then commenced the baP-
siandns IN uazaparss Is the last Of three which they
built; II 70 now seventy i've years old
Upon the descent the Jsuits from their mountain
fsstaess thy Told the Indians thai the good Santa
q oliver lay buried who're The town Of Guszapsres now
usanda TIE Indians, under direction Of the Jesuits
"a ave-. ~ hs Ss
ehs hss ne In mat pas Of Northern Mexico and called
a sxAsos on uroxrcArios
me trbe leads an agricultural life from April until
November raising for the most part crops Of corn.
eexhuna and without reference what should BE-
tanned Of he corn for the winters supply Very many
q iss6uiss ne oeld snap drink 20 excess, and
win Their wives and families. frequently lie drunk
,D O sSsy s.nersy have jolly asSs In which
areai many arc badly bruised, but rarely any
Sata wounds the nghsing y carried ON in trough
and tumble way. Prom November until March many
OF them live out a. labore In the mining districts and
upon the cattle fars but return 70 their neds IN the
sprins tuna They number about thlrty.nve thousand
tndlvduaa are very nonensivs psope and said TO be
very homes n . traveller passes among them and en-
ters hcuss or hut they will se0erAiy nee from the
place either TO the mountains or Their corn 6eds, and
watch him until he departs Whatever he wants he can
take and some conspicuous plscs IN the hut the
payment he may think proper Many people passing
among them have abused this opportunity 70 rob them
NO TRADITION, VAST guNnRAl lille kxisTUc.
The TsrAhumAres have traditions whatever Of their
former existence or many centuries they have &C
cupisd these mountains Of CbhuahuA The .Jseun
Chat they took of the district after the great
Aztec tribes had swept southwark In their march 70 the
valley Of Mexico. There evidences here that th
ereai southwark march a the Aztecs was not peseabe