The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-09-19
PROTECTION TO INDUSTRY.


Etc. Etc.
TEvENINa TELEeRAPH SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE |
TERRE HAUTE sept. 15.-This is a place that
bears its patronymc well, for after crossing on
lmost Unvaryug pralrie-a low and sandy soil
the excursionist is we'll pleased TO put foot on
site so te1Te-bdute as this on the bluffs OF the
Wabash Could the immense amount OF rain
which fell IN the vicinity OF Philadelphia out
lately have been lmrartally distributed, Terre
Haute would not now be enveloped in an atmo-
sphere so thoroughly impregnated with dust
that II savors greatly of a second plague. Phy-
sically this city, at the present time-though In
the spring it is one of the most beautitul-needs
mot much comments but politically it yields not
to any other aggregation Of people for yehemence
in unfolding Republican views, collectively and
individually.
On Saturday night the old Court House,
relic of the city's infancy, was filed with an
audience of people personally interested in any
question of agricultural or industrial develop
ment. Judge Kelley spoke at length on the ne
cessty of diversifying the productions of the
West, aud sald:-
oFeW OF us understand the effects Of a revo-
luton in the industrial pursuits, not only OF the
people of the United states, but of the world,
thai must result from the late Rebellion and its
effectual suppression. The guns that were fired
on Sumter announced the beginning OF a new
cycle In human history; and If the American
people prove as enterprising In the tuture as
they have been In the past, and as true to their
own interests as they were to the great interests
of the country during the war, its Immediate
consequence will be the overthrow of every
Government on the continent OF Europe and the
green isles of the ocean. The only two that will
resist it will be the cities OF the ZollVerein' in
present Prussia, and the magnanimous empire
of Russia, whose serfs have been recently eman-
CIpated, and whose industry, I1tlte perfectly free
ioihia the limits of the broad empire, is protected
against conflicting Industries by adequate tariff
= We have a distinct avoWal in an elabo-
rate work-studied by all Southern politicians
and statesmen-i e., cotton is king OF the great
coalition which existed between the monopo-
lizng nation OF England and the little
coligarchy Of the South, whereby the
free trade system would render the
North and all nations subservent to their inte-
rests. During the existence OF that coalition we
did not grow. and Of all the wheat and agrCul-
tural products annually produced in this coun-
try, we exported less than one forty-stItb part,
The attempt OF the agricultural States thirty
years since to establish the protective policy
and promote domestic manufactures was
struggle to create such division of labor as
would afford home market for their products,
no longer in demand abroad The markets in
the Southwest now so important, were then
quite limited. As the protective system, coupled
with internal improvements. II successfully ac-
complished, would inevitably tend to enhance
the price of agricultural products while the tree
trade and anti-internal improvement policy
would rs certainly reduce their value, the two
systems were long considered so antagonistic
that the success of the one would sound the
knell OF the other. Southern politicians remained
infeXible, and refused to accept any policy
except free trade, to the utter abandonment
of the principles of protection. Result
ing from this, we have from Secretary
McCulloch's report TO Congress last year, that
the importations exceeded the exports, accord
ing to Custom House returns, eleven millions of
dollars, while from false valuations the sum eX-
ceeded one hundred millions Of do! drs; and
though we have mined, since lS4S, one thou
sand millions OF gold, more OF 1T remains in the
country-while we had gone in debt in State
and railroad bonds before the war, six hundred
millions of dollars A nItton can no more bug
more than it sells UlthOn becoming deeply In
debt and ultimately bankrupt, than can an andt-
vidu0t or fdmity! There are
no longer Shareholders in the South wanting
cheap food for their slaves. Their capital has
been exhausted in resisting the righttul powers
of the Government-the arlstocratlc classes are
Impoverished and the humble classes, both late
slaves and poor whites, have risen to the full
stature of manhood. And they of the South are
now proclaiming what their States are going to
do They purpose to revolutionize the country,
and do for themselves what they never would
the farmers of the North to do for themselves
or their country--develope all their varied re-.
sources. They can raise wheat IN every one Of
the Southern States. 1t ripens in Texas and
Northern Louisiana in April. They are growing
barley, corn, in all their States. They are rails
ing grain this year to compete with the North-
rate Government show that in Louisiana they
are richer in salts than any other State OF the
Union; in Northern Louisiana the iron ore Is
an iLlDedl9nent TO agriculture. 1t tells them, OF
their rich copper deposits, and, above all that
they can raise wheat cheaper or more prohtaoly
than they can raise cotton, and that New Or-
leans ought to be the great grain city OF tne
country. You may say they cannot raise q as
much on their exhausted lands as we OF the
Northwest. Remember they are on the sea
board and on navigable rivers; If Southern
farmer can raise one bushel of grain, IT will
eoual two raised in the far-of Northwest, where
ont of every two raised, one must pay the trans
nortation cost; and the Southern man sells first
Tor he has but to put his grain on shlpboard
send 1T but little way down the river, ana 1
is on the great highway OF the nation
the ocean. You cannot sell more gram
than there is market for, and they whC
Get IL 6rst to market will cell first, and If th'
Southern countries do this, they Will have tn
monopoly of trade, If you will diversity you
production, as youmay, you could make nom
market fOr more grain than you nave now, an'
yVonId he able to grow rich in products, inde
pendept of your crop of grain. Durlnt
the three wears prior to the war, the three grea
monOpoliZing nations bought from America, II
the aggregate, $32 367, 900 of pork, Indian corn
lumber, wheat, -four, and Wool-a lttle owe
$4,000, 900 per annum: Yet TINS year alone Nv w
have expended, in gold sent to foreign nations
between forty and fifty millions OF dollars 10
sugar and molasses, which might as well nav
been bought in Indiana and Illinois,. ana tn
day Is not far distant when these two States WI
supply louisiana and Texas, and the Wori
with their sugar The cultivation OF this stapi
in the South is nearly at an end. Inc Whoi
product of sugar of the world at this time
2,SOO,O0O tons, of which 63O,OOO tons are pr
NWuna - wnnWN 1