davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07
How Elections are Managed in Mexico

How Elections are Managed in Mexico
The American press has published the
fact that the recent elections in Mexico
have oil gone in favor of President Ju-
ares. From this it is inferred that Jua.
rez must be very popular, and appropri.
ate compliments are bestowed upon him.
Now, while he is very popular, those
elections are no indication Of it; and any
Mexican would laugh if you coupled
opinion with an election. Our people
imagine . Mexican election 10 the same
thing % an American. They might a.
we'll imagine the ballots were printed in
English. Stanton, while Secretary Of
War, wanted ours to be conducted in the
Mexican fashion, and in some States sue
ceeded.
The thing is done in this way. Who.
ever has tho military power. 10 that dis.
triot decides what names shall be placed
on the ballots. He distributes them, and
at the Same time . printed noted il ad.
dressed to individual electors. to 70 and
vote accordingly, under pain Of . 6ne
for disobedience. These notes are only
sent to poems, or poor 'lsborsrs, who hand
them to their employers to read and ex-
plain to them. OF course the explana.
tion 10 given, and the poems 50 and vote
to avoid the penalty. No other people
vote, and no other votes are ever counted.
Sometimes some follow, for mischief, puts
in . different ticket; but that one is
thrown under the table by tho judges.
The elections are always unanimous, for
the officials control them. The oomuan.
date. general of the State controls the Off.
cials, and the minister OF war appoints
the commentaries.
When General Arista was Minister of
War, and candidate for the Presidency,
to sucesed Herrera, tho Church party was
exceedingly hostile to Austria. Some
young men, friends Of the Minister, de-.
plared he should have o large vote in tho
capital, and raised an election fund Of
one thousand dollars for that purpose.
They hired three hundred leperes for one
day to do the job, and putting in their
hands the proper names of the Arists
electors, marched them round in single
file, barefooted and bareheaded, to all the
eleetion stands in the city. Nobody OBJ.
jeetsd to their voting everywhere. Their
only instructions we're to voto early and
vote till suudowu. They received me.
dIo each, . silver coin Of six cents, for
every time they voted. The judges en-.
joyed the fun. Arista's majority was
immense, for IL was unanimous, and sim.
liar i. the universal yrssties ~ svss the
Republic.
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07
Value Of the telegraph.

A few days ago . young gentleman Of
this city, Of respectable bearing and blush.
ing modesty, wrote two letters on the
same day.. One Of them was written
to young lady in -, whose acquaint.
ance be had made and whose friendship,
If not stronger passion, he had felt not
. little anxious to secure. OF course he
selected his words, and weighed them
with the usual caution in such cases.
Indeed, there is no telling what ho did
say. Tho other was addressed to young
man in an Eastern city, school chum,
and was worded and thrown together iu
quite different way. Indeed there is no
telling what he did rot say. He sub.
sribed the one to the lady in the neatest
aud most delicate way possible, and de.
posted 1t with trembling hand and palpita-
ting heart, iu the post.ofice. The other he
put in his pocket to be posted next day.
But the next day, on looking o. the male
letter, he found out to his dismay, that
he had made 4 mistake-that he had re.
tained the female letter and sent Of the
male one. He was struck with horror at
what he had done, but his wits did not
leave him. He calculated the time Of
transmission by post Of the male letter
with the female name on its cover, and
found that his case was not altogether
hopeless. It would not reach its dcsti.
nation for an hour or two from that time.
lie rushed to the telegraph office with all
tho speed Of which he was capable, aud ia
the coolest tone possible dictated dis.
patch to the lady to return the letter that
she would receive at particular time,
with such post mark, unopened. The
telegraph did its work iu faithful time,
and tho next day his letter, which had
caused him 80 much tribulatiou, was re-
turned safe into his hands unopened,
whcreat the young gentleman's joy at his
lucky escape may be moro easily imag-
ined than described. The moral Of this
is: When you write letter to . gentle.
man and lady on the same day, don't
shake them up in bag together, and
direct the one to the lady that comes out
FIRST, As perchance even the good tele-
graph may not save you from chance
modification. n.-Galena (Ill.) Gazette.
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07

- I'D MI II NJ a. - ~ .
TRUSTEES.
T. e. " wR.iSsS; S.:ir. p,.'s!s:ns ss:,.;., P.;s. 3 sno.
3. r. WooLroK, Treasurer, r. o. WooLroLK,
]. @. Moons. RS. Youxo.
This Institution Of Learning will open its 6rs
session, In the Prcsbyterian Church Of Troy, on
the 9th Of September. 1867, and will embrace
three departments, vis' Primary, Intslnsdiats
end Academic.
For term Of 10 weeks, the Tuition Of Pri.
mary Departmet, including Spelling,
Reading, Writing, and nrst parts Of
Arithmetic end Geography, 415 90
or intermediate Observation-Disclosures.
tic, arammsr, Geography and Rhst.
oSic, ga 90
OF Academic Department, including the
higher branches Of oflMsthsmatics, Phi
losophy and Languages, 81 90
Or 10 weeks.
Deduction will not be made for absence unless
occasioned by protracted sickness.
J. v. DARKs, Principal.
]. G. MOORE, Assistant.
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07

AFarmar IN Nodaway county has .
bog six fsot In length, measuring forty.
four inches round the sirth, aud weighing
1896 pounds.
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07
THE LINCOLN COUNTY HERALD
10 rvsLIsHap RvEaY THURSDAY n
ELLIS 4 FISH e n.
TERMS, ol so year In advance, or -
if paid within the year.

Rates Of Advertising.
oas square, 10 lines or less one inssstion' u 10
Issh sdditional insertion IS
'Adsninistratsrs's Nstisss, 50
tiaai Settlement Notices, .30
BraAy Norioss (of . single stfsy,) 100
Each additional stray In same notice, I %
~ liberal deduction will bs made 10 yearly
advertisers.
- All Legal adpertisemss1 must bs paid for
when publications. certified to.
~ Transient sdvsrliscnasnts must bsAeeom.
raaisd with ths!cash.
~ Advertise nsnts aot marked OF Numbered
lbs iassstsd tili sthssviss esdsrsd and charged
sor ct the above rates.
Professional cards Of ten lines Oh less, will bs
Inserted one year for 90.
Marriage, Death, Funeral pnd Church notiGos
will be publishsd free.
All communication Of . psuonai nature must
30 published over the writers name.
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07
CHRISTIAN INSTITUTE.
The Second Session Of this Institution Commcnc
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 0, 1867.

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 0, 1867.
TERMS PER SESSION OF TEN MONTHS.
Tuition in Collegiate Department, $40 90
Academic 80 90
!" Primary 20 90
Music Lessons, 40 90
Use Of instrument hour pcr day 800
French 70 90
Drawing and painting 20 90
Contingent fee 90
Boarding with President, 100 90
All bills must bc paid somi- annually In advance;
otherwise ton pcr cent. will be added to the above
charges.
Bills in Primary Department must be settled
with s. A. COLVIN, teacher of that department
Address Il. V. RICE,
July 20, 81, n3l or WIN. CHRISTIAN.
The Lincoln County herald., 1867-11-07

Ignorance is the ousss Of Cod knowl-
edge tic. wings whsrcwith We fly to
heaven. Shskspesrs.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
SHIPWRECK.

Steamer Planet, from New Orleans to
Indianola, left New Orleans the I'D inst,
with salt chiefly. Encountered the storm
on the 9th, and sprung leak soon after,
and foundered at 6 p. NJ. ON Sunday, the
9Th, 40 miles from the San Barnard. While
the steamer was going down, one of the
deck hands cut the life boat loose, and jum-
ped in with two other sailors. The mate
swan off from the sinking vessel, and was
picked up by the life boat. There were
four men in the life boat, five days without
food or water, and finally landed at the
mouth of the Brazos, near Velasco. The
three sailors walked up on the beach, and
arrived in the city yesterday at 3r. N.
The mate was too feeble to walk up, and
remained at Velasco.
They are utterly destitute. They wore
nothing but shirt, pants and cap or hat-no
shoes. Their feet are blistered by their long
walk of thirty miles. When they left the
vessel they saw the men and officers cling
ing to the planks and floating debris.
Since the above was written, we learn
that the Planet was commanded by Capt.
Jones q be with thirteen others are sup
posed 10 be drowned. The vessel hove
over on her beam ends, and when in this
coalition 400 sacks Of salt we're thrown
overheard in hopes of righting her, but Of
no avail
The names of the four saved are:
The mate (Mr. Johnson), John Hanley,
Arthur Judd and Mike Carter.
These men informed us that they saw
fourteen in the water, drifting about on
spars and pieces of wreck, bat, owing to
the strong current, it was impossible to get
che boat up t-iwhere they were.
The second mates name is Pendergrast
He is with the rest, and is also supposed
10 be lost.-GdI NeUs.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
The Russian Purchase.

Thh 81. Louis Democrat Of April a0th,
speaking OF the recent purchase of the Rus
sian North American possession, says;
We have not purchased u shoal of fish or
n raft of logs, We have purchased, men
believe, the commercial mastery of the Pa
cifc ocean. From the timber We can build
finer ships than any other nation that bord-
ers on that ocean can put ahoat. With the
fisheries and the commercial marine we can
train MS many seamcn MS win suffice, in
time Of war, to sweep all other navics from
the ocean. These are the ideas of men who
look to the development of grandcr en-
pire on tho shores of the Pacific than the
Atlantic has yet SEEM who believe that
they shall see San Francisco outstrip New
York who look TO the trans-con iinental
trade between Europe and Asia, and mean
Ito control il with American ships, Amori-
can capital and enterprise. 10 defend
their commerce they need navy. The
Eastern States built up a navy by means
of the Northern tshcsics and the lumber of
Maine; the Pacific States look to the Sitka
territory for lumber and fisheries both.
One day, England must let go other pos.
sessions on the Pacific. Sooner or later,
Mexico must part with Lower California
and the territory washed by the western
ocean. Then, owning the coast from the
pole to the is,hmus, the United States will
virtually turn the Paci fic ocean into N A.
,mcrican lake, dictate terms to the commerce
Of the world which must eventually pass
across our continent, and rule "mistress of
the SEAS" by surer tenure than Brittania
has ever held.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
A New FL Dorado.

An eLort is evidently on foot to get up
another grand search for gold among the
rocks and deserts OF Arizona, New Mexico,
and chihuahua. The San Antonio Herald
says that, during the past two months, par
ties have been prospecting in the Guada-
lupe Mountains and in the range of noun
tains between Preside del Norte and Chi
huahla, and the report is that there has
been discovered, about half way between
chihuahua and Preside del Norie, one of
the richest gold, countries ever found; that
the gold region extends over thirty miles
square, with plenty of water at all times.
The news from Pinos Altos gold region
is quite fattering, as the diggings are said
to be paying good Wages to the industrious
miner, aud prospect! - good for the com
ing season. The fol bwing is an extract
from a letter from the Messers. McManus,
in Chihuahua, 10 Messls. Offender & Co.,
in Ell Paso, and sent by the latter to n gen
'tleman in San Antonio
ave were thrown into cast iron per-
SEPARATION last week by the announcement
of the discovery of rich place of gold at
Choreros, about thirty leagues from here,
towards the Norte. We were shown some
as fine specimens as ever we taken from
chihuahua. We Immediately sent man
out to prospect, and he returned yesterday
and reported that there was plenty Of gold,
lin his opinion but he did not find it-that
it will require much labor and funds to
prospect the region well. In his opinion,
the gold lies under a stratum of Caliohe,
which will have to be passed in order to
reach gold bearing dirt. This theory may
be correct, and it may not. The people
here are terribly alboratado-oyer four
hundred have left here for the new Ell Dor
ado. They of course, in our opinion, will
return without anything; yet it is possible
they may find little gold in the crevices
of the slate in ravines, but it is doubtful.
Regis has gone out to examine, and we
are anxiously awaiting his return, as his
opinion will be worth something. Our
opinion is, from what we have heard, that
if experienced miners were to go there, they
would doubtless find an abundance of gold
The widest reports are circulated in re-
ference 10 these mines, none of which do we
believe. We would not advise any one to
come until further developments are made.
We shall not fail to advise you of any
thing in regard to these mines that may
turn up"
Mr.. Offender adds that other letters re-
Ceived by different parties in 81 Paso from
chihuahua, give about the same account as
the above.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25

Rfet that eanboi tell YOU ouf bus
iness We will be soni ~ llfidowoll
NJ dnnt7 We are PROFESSORS w
that mean We propose ~ young
ladies and help 10 get them mar
riod. We ore bonolhotors Whou
We see n young lady who Is not and
hoyor has been engaged, one NJ ~
says 10 her, I'VE Will get you mar.
ricd for e., payable anor mar.
riago." or course she says yes.
For tho time being one of us h con
considered us engaged TO her. We
trumpet the fact abroad, Whonov'
or the other two of us meet young
man who is not engaged, we say
"What lucky dog Griffin is He
has won Miss y" And We praise
her. We encourage the young man
to go in and cut Griffin out, for the
fun of tho thing, Being n fool,
like most young men, he does it,
lie proposes to Miss y, knowing
that she is engaged to Griffin, and
hardly expecting that she will ac-
cept him. But she always does.
And he can never cut loose from
her. lie must marry her or be tried
for breach of promise, myself
have been engaged twenty-five
times during the last year, We
are doing so well that we think Of
hiring clerk to do part of the
work for us. / should not have
told you this, but for your atrocious
threat about Bridewell. But, as
we have given false names, it does
not make much difference. | trust
that the reporters will say nothing
about it,"
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
More Radical InfamY.

At q season when every brave and gem
erous heart was filled with sympathetit
emotion by the recurrence Of that "memo-
rial day" on which the ladies OF the South
are accustomed to strew the garland and
the wreath upon the graves Of their lost
loved one, one would suppose that tor very
shame, If for no higher consideration, the
Jucobin journals would cease their carping
and reriing against the heroic people who
staked their all on the struggle which has
resulted SO disastrously for them. But ii
is not so. The New Albany Commercial
seizes upon that very occurrence as the oc-
casion of INDUCING in bitter and malig-
nant TRADE against the South, which does
not even respec. the hallowed precincts Of
the tomb. 1t concludes long article full
of cold blooded and fiendish malignity
with this ghoul-like sentiment:
The ''memorial day" which rebels observe
with such obtrusive and ostentatious pub
licity is "Traitors' Day." comes properly on
Friday, and answers as we'll for "Hang-
mans Day." Not many years hence it will
be classed with days observed by the ad.
mirers of GUY Fawks, Titus Oates, and
Robin Hood. It will be remembered as the
day when fangless serpents can come out
of their holes to hiss and wriggle in impo-
tent malice at the power that in pity per-
mitted them to live.
God help our country, since it has fallen
under the power of party whose editors
can feel and write thus. In our own behalf,
and in behalf of every one worthy of the
name of man, we hurl back with contempt
and scorn the base insults and taunts thus
flung at the oppressed people of the South;
and in the name of manhood and humanity
we cast into the teeth of this hyena of jour-
nalism the foul epithets it has dared to
breathe against those who were as far
above its party in all that constitutes noble
ness and generosity-aye, and in true
the heavens are the earth.
lie who writes words like "traitor" and
"hangman" in connection with such as
Albert Sidney Johnston, Stonewall Jackson,
and the great array of those who fell in the
contest for Southern independence but
proves his own falseness and utter unwor-
thiness. Their memories will live in the
hearts of their countrymen, and their names
will adorn the heroic page Of history long
after the Radical scrihblers and their mas
tiers have gone down
"To the vile dust from whence they sprung,
Unwept, unhonored and unsung."
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
TANNEHILL LODGE, No. 50, F. g. A. NJ,
Meets on the last Saturday of each month, at the
Masonic Hall. GEO. w. GUESS, w. d.
JOHN W. SwINDELLs, Sec'y.

R5-Ths is truly the cage of progress" and the
American people arc beyond doubt far ahead OF all
others. This is clearly demonstrated by the Sewing
Nachne-wheh is strictly speaking, an American in
vention.
In this branch of manufacture, the EMPIRE SEWING
MACHINE Co., Office GIG Broadway, New York City,
stands pre-eminent. Their Improved Manufacturing
Machine has no rival II is built sound meclani-
cal princpcs-is simple in under
stood, and not liable to get out of order.
Its sewing qualities, particularly on cloth and leath-
err cannot DO equalcj and as such, we recommend 1t
to our friends and the public generally.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
FTyHE most handsome DRESS
HnnUUE .arrrr~ia7unr

IT eUUEThs OF T7TIsIHr
Painted Lawns end Jaconefs,
Plain and Cross Ear J1coust.
Plain. Striped and Dotted Swiss.
Bersres. GrsuadiDes, Cbenie Noznmbiqnes,
Sflt Challiss. Chaubrzys, at c0l0rs. Cling
hans Also. Lace Penis. BsrzFs. 6rsna-
dine ard Shetland ShsTis Ec. tr. 81
rsl-ff1 JEFFHTTs 4 90.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25

HELPING LADIES TO HUSBANDS BY
CoSTRAcT.-Thrce men, Fred. and
William Edwards and - Griffin,
were arraigned in the Chicago Po-
lice court the other day, when the
following singular statements and
explanation were made:
Drunk and disOrderly, your
Honor" They were also charged
with being Migrants. The officer
swore that he had known them by
sight over a year, and that they
had no visible means Of support.
They were well dressed, however,
NJ. Fred. Edwards spoke Those
iva gentlemen and myself are the
firm Of BdraFls ( Griffin l re-
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
For Sale Cheap.

A1 Enn PER WEAR. We uani A-.,ut
Ol,CUU everywhere 70 sell our IMPROVED
$50 sewing Machines. Three nsu kinds indef
and rrrHr fscd sent on trial. Warranted hrs
years Above salary ur large coniriissinu= I1idl-
The urr Narhinrs sid IN Tho United State fr iss
than $50. Nhich are frlF ii1'luscd - Hot~ Wiz
Wiisln GrnrerE Bale-, Si-7sr 4 Co., md ferAclder
IN other cheap rnrhinss igfriusueHfs, ard The
s-r or .s.r ars fiif- a. arTs So cd irrri1ureut
Illustrated circulars sruf ffe Adcress. al uI7n
shav Clark, - Biidsford, Main - chic-go, Ill
faulr.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
Bagging, sc.
Commission Merchants.

II EMIT, THoMAE 4 CARTER, Importers of and
IN Dealers in Cordagc, Baggng, Bale Rope, Iron
Ties, &c. lOi Poydras Street, New Orleans,
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25

Horace Greedy and Carrot Smith, who
have come on 10 sign Dir. Daviss bail bond,
are addressing the people at the African
ehurch.-The audience is composed largely
of negroes.
MOBILE May 14-Mnyor and Council Of
Selma, Ala, were removed to-day by order
of Gen. SWayne. New officers were insta-
led, appointed by him.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
House Carpentering.

NUUSV CUE EFtHtVH HES'
YINHE undersigned beg leave to inform the
citizens of Dallas and the surrounding
country, that they are prepared to under
take all work in their line, at as low prices
as the same work can be done anywhere in
this part of the State. They respectfully
solicit share of public patronage, and
promise promptness and faithful work.
- d. X. PHILLIPS,
W. II. PERCY.
p.o 1870 1O.If .|..
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
Pianos and Music.

II hand first class pnnos--Plcyel's, Martin 4
Onvrcrs, tho celebrated Cyclod, etc, lI;lyl
GRUNEWALD, Publisher al Music, Importer
IL. Of musical instruments, Pleyel Pianos, Sirin'
way \ Sons Chickering's aud Gahlcr's l29 Canal
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
COLLEGES.

JNOLHEAR Commercial College, New
y OrIcnu-.-Foundodl 1889, No vacations, Hook
Keeping, Pcnman-lip, langnag"s, Mathematics,
practically taught students from ~ To 60. RCTus
DOLRENR, President, lscp2S-ly'l
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25

W. N. PERRINs.......s NJ. swESsoS-.-,,D. L. KERSIoS
nERKINS, SwENSON CO., Now Orleans
l. SwENs0N. PERKINS Il CO., New York,--Gen.
eral Commission Merchants.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
Dallas 1ierald.
DALLAS COUNTY OFFICIAL
DIRECTORY.

DISTRICT COURT
Jouy Coon, district Judge Dallas
! IN. ilAwEivs. Dist Att'y. WaKahaohie
WI. e. NouS0, District Clerk, DALAI,
COUNTY OFFICERS.
Y. ElLIs Coounrs, Couniy Judge
TlGuL kENpALL County Attorney,
JANIS T., Thomas, County Clerk.
JrnE NJ. BRowN sheriff,
JAMS i. GoopNiCnt, Ass'r aud Collector,
jams snEPPAHp, Treasurer,
WM II. Thomas, Surveyor,
poLiCE CoURT-Isaae u. Webb, George W
Barton, J. II, Clemens aud J, 7, Srratton,
NOTARYs PUBLIC,
Judge y. ELLIs C0oanEs, ex-oilioio, Ggo.
W. GUIss, JoHN n, BRYAN and W, q, WoLrr,
Dallas RoDERr $, Guy, Lancaster aud j,
j. DEEMAS, llaughts Store,
CORPORATION OFFICERS.
GEoRGE W. GuEss, Mayor.
NJ. NJ. MoRRow, J, S, SAUNDERS, T., W,
IluyT, and A. ", MoRroN, Aldermen.
HARVEY SmErnERn, Town Marshall.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
MASONIC.
DALLAS CHAPTER, No. AZ,
ROYAL ARCH MASONS.

NUMPANIUNS: - :,
v You are hereby summoned to attend q Stated
Convocation of Dallas Chapter, No. AZ, on Monday
yenng; June Sd, at early candle lighting.
BY command ofthe NJ. Il. II, p.
w. L. MURPHY, Secretary.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25

Flour taken nj market NATnc.
Roarders furnish their towels, lights, looking
ola sses one mir of sheets and pillow cases.
Pupils are charged from the first of the month III
which they enter 10 the end Of the session, weth no
dedr cion for time lost, either i'll tuition or board
Every article of clothing must lie marked with the
owners name in full All letters should he directed
to the care of the President
Instructions relative to correspondence Will he
HENRY L. GRAVES, President.
December H. lSGG--l3:jmOs.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25
NEW ORLEANS CARDS
Garnet WaTebSuse.
MLnI,.nlr rI.n Mtrrhnnl..
wholesale Druggists.

- q. MOODY * co., G1 T,luuIitpulas a. sprrial
-. attention given ~ snl'ing marksrrl Col Ii.h,
Herring, nurisr, thresr, aud lard, llerlIilyl
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1867-05-25

II T.. niCONGE, Importerand Dealer IN French
L Amrri pn and English hrug-, Chemicals, Per-
mmcry, Patent Medicines, Surgical in'irumonl.
Trussrs, BTu,he. aud nruTgisls' Sundtes No, ~
rhtIitns sITneI. E.lAhlI.hrh boz lsll, Il.lNl