The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-11-01
FARMERS READING.

THE USE OF FHE Pillow N Draining.
After suck a season asowe have just
experiencedAwet in one section, and
dry in anether-larnters consider
| thorough draining, to seeiif the-claims
of its advocates are really trueSand if
the DISTRESSED tillers both of Vet and
dry soils may not find i6it 6anacea
for their troubles. 2
We encounter one stubbornfact at
the outset, 'namelE THAI drafting is
expe hsive, ayen five PIT the drains
barely below the 8each-of ff6st and
the pfow. Next, &e are forced upon
another fact, which mo sophistry can
budga, and that is, That the most ex-
pensfpe draining is-shaHow draining.
As we .makeup our minds to do deep
draining, the fact SIS turned up with
each spadefal of earth, which, if we
heedit, teaches that thoroughness and
cheapness q the long run aresidenti-
cal. That i, reasonable expense for
thoroughness' sake is the strictest
Reterring our readersEo arguments
in favor ofldeep laid tile drains, in.
former umbers ofthe american Ag-
ricultNrist, and the. works on Drain
age In our book list, we discuss now
the cheapest way Of placing course
of drain tiles, four feet deep on an
average, in AN ordinary SOIL Every
farmer wh0. wants to5-dig a ditch,
thinks of bis plows, for they will
turn out thesoil TED INCHES deep with
comparative ease.g ia man is to
haveaa ditch four zteet deep dug with
spades, he ought 70 try to move as
littlerearth as possible, and as sixteen
inches has been foRnd about tie least
width, that Ia man can work in, he
should try &c haveshis ditch no wider.
IF he can use pldWs tOssfacilftate his
works he med n6f be 60 particular
abourthis, although 1arrOwditch-i
the Rarrowest posTbie@is best under
all circumstances. =
nprefecto use; to cut the sod, a
pillow that will cut eight inches. and
J lay the sliceover true and fat Then
we take stout stick, like a short bean
pole, as long as the pl0w beam, lash
| one end to the beam at the nigh ham
die, brace the other end outssixteen
inches from-the landsiderof the BEAM,
and attach a short chain to This endl
49, dSC &c d nam -1lCL4 oIITDs JHIGG
inches wide. made fast~by the cleviI
bolt,zand, If necessary a Big iron
waslFer In blowing, the team IS driven
so that the CHAIN will drag along the
edge of thesfrst furrow, and aids the
judgment Of the plowman materially
in determining the width of the slice.
Mengmust follow and throw the sods
out. 1.-THE trench will now take pillow
of the largest size, and it should be
drawn by two yoke of1oxen, or two
pairslof horses, working SO as TO tread
neither in the trench non onthe SOD
near the edge. This is accomplished
in either of two i%aysS Each team
may draw independently, one upon
eachsside the ditch, being attached
to the plowAby a log-chain, and the
chains being braced apart, so chat the
draft.shall be reasonably true, that is,
parallel to the line Of draft. The
other way Is to work The oxen up d
ten foot Jokes, ana the korse$of each
pair aupon Hong eveners, they being
driven by outside STeinSbnlyrand the
headsqof each pain being held apart
by aAstick. - u y
The large plow may be run in the
ditch. two, @three,sor fehr times, acI
cording toishe soil, or 9 aEbe best
TO use a smaller one, ana as GamparaI
lively littleSearth<can be thtown out
by the plow, men mus follow, and
shovel as fast as the soil is loosened.
After the loose earth Is reRbved to
the depth s.bf twelvelsto eighteen
inches, acenrdingto it's character. a
sub-soil pIow VIII be fund of more
/ II ~ = r,,.fooot p ,,IouA W,fK
this awe can work down, little by
little, INFO the hard panv Sh-large 4
force of hands ig not sheeded whes
the .sub-soh plow- is Ased. Sfor the
earth broken up BY thisplowSaoes not
Interfere with its~deeper working as
is the case wheB a shrface6plow is
used Unsuccessful employment of
the .sub-soiR plow is lfnitedSboth by
the difficulty of pEowing in very hard
groqnd with the7 ow's two or three
feet below the team, and in the han
dies interfering with the sides of the
ditch. There are, however, blows
constructed to run deep enough to be
of very essential service to depth of
| about three feet.
Tbs USE ofuhe Hower oR4nimals
greatly lessons The expense Of digging
the bitches, and various forms Of
gcraDers expedite the filling so that