davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01
Washington Items.

Gov. Flanders of Louisiana Is In
Washington again. He has been visit
ing his relatives in New Hampshire.
Secretary Seward and the assistant
Secretary, F. W. Seward, are going to
Auburn, N. Y, for d few weeks of rest.
The amount of gold in the vaults OF
the Treasury is one hundred and seven
teen million of dollars, of which amount
twenty.o millions were in gold certif-
Gates.
Commander Roe OF the United
States steamer Tacony has communica-
ted to the Navy Department at Wash
ington an interesting and detailed &C
count of the surrender of Vera Cruz, but
it has been anticipated by the previous
reports.
The Russian minister is advised that
the commissioner on the part of the Car
to make formal transfer of Walrussia
tn the United States will be at Washing
ton in about ten days. The President
has not yet designated special com.
mission to take formal possession of the
territory on behalf of this government
-rhe Judiciary Committee did not
decide until Tuesday that they would
not fle the impeachment evidence with
the Clerk OF the House, under the reso
luton of Saturday requiring it to be
submitted forthwith TO the House
They construe this to mean the HOUSE
in open session. So the testimony viii
remain in the hands of the COMMITTEES
until the 21st of November.
Considerable speculation has beer
INDUCED in within day or two as tt
the tenor of General Grants evidenc'
recently given before the committee
Both the friends and opponents OF tn
administration alike claim that 1t L
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

AS Mr.. Drake and Mr.. Ray of Ere.
mont, Nebraska, were returning from a
Fourth of July picnic with their fam
lilies, their horses backed off ferry boat
and five children were drowned.
One of the editors of the Sandusky
(Ohio) Register, just returned from the
Gulf States, speaks of intemperance as
the bane of the South, and as being
fearfully increased since the debt OF the
Oonfederacy.
Mr.. Albert Lyford of Waterville,
Maine, was recently kicked by horse
on the thigh, which was SO badly frac.
tured as to require amputation. He had
had the satne limb twice dmputated be-
fore-once at the ankle and again below
the knee.
Saturday morning, as train was
passing near the A4riue Hospita ~
Portland Me II heav, plt"r of tlinhrr
fell from the train alb struck track IT,
pairer, named Patrick Golden, on the
back of the head and so injured him
that he died shortly after the accident.
A Vienna letter says that the &C
counts received from Miramir, respect
ing the Empress Carlotta, are very sad.
All hope of recovery seems to have van
ished. The mental alienation has now
attained to such pitch that the unhap-
Ply Princess cannot be left alone for an
instant, and has several times attempted
her life.
"A terrible accident recently occurred
at LswreocebDrg, Dearborn county, In-
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

COOKING TROUT IN CAMP.-Stick your
knife in the back of his neck, and slash
the gills the first thing. always bleed
him it makes the flesh hardy When
you are ready for your supper, make a
small incision at the throat and draw
the entrais. Then fill him up with a
wedge OF fat pork or bacon. Wrap him
In several thicknesses OF paper we'll wet
(oak leaves will do and lay him in the
hot ashes, covering MIN well with ashes
and coal. Leave him from twenty
minutes to half an hour, when you may
unearth him, and eat with whatever &C
compartments you may have. The first
thing you will do next morning will be
to go fishing.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01
Especial European Correspondence of the
HERALD
Letter from Commissioners Hager.
THE AWARD OF PRIZES AT THE UNIVERSAL
EXPOSITION.
AM1ENs, FRANCE, July 9, 1867

This is the city rendered famous for
the discoveries OF stone relics such as
arrow points, flint axes, etc, used by a
people who inhabited France long be-
fore the Celts. A letter might be writ
ten on the antiquity of man from evil
dence furnished in the Geological form
alton round this place, but as that might
be hard subject in more senses than
one | will once more refer to the exhibi.
ton and the prizes awarded. l need
not tell YOU that this is much the grand
est exhibition ever inaugurated, for that
sentiments uttered by all who have
seen it. The world never witnessed
such display and probably many years
will elspse before anything OF the kind
will be attempted again, Americans
who have attended this will not feel
like entering the contest again. The
memory of the stages of hope, fear, NOR.
LITIGATION, anger and pride through which
they have passed will suggest the pro-
priety and desirableness of keeping upon
their own side Of the water in future,
notwithstanding we were in the end in
many respects victors in the contest.
Our English cousins, l understand,
feel greatly grieved at the result. Their
medals like angels visits are few and far
between. They were sanguine of sue
cess, which makes their disappointment
the greater. Had Mr.. Beckwith, the
United States commissioner proved to
be competent, faithful and efficient
agent for us, our prizes would in my
opinion, have been increased in number
and sf higher grade. AS it was, many
of the contribution, were never seen or
properly examined by the juries. Very
few of the exhibitors felt like going to
the office of the Imperial Commissioners
or to the Juries and inviting them to
visit the articles they had on exhibition
1t was no easy task to do so. Police
men guarded these august bodies when
| in their offices as they do the members
of the royal family and none but "otfic-
| ials" or those having special business could
enter their rooms. II an exhibitor
were fortunate enough to pass the guard
and reach the jury, Of what benefit
would it be to him if he could not speak
French, German or Italian? Again the
"red tape" dignity of these juries would
not in all cases allow them to listen to
the appeals of contributor or his agent.
called upon Jury class 40 and de-
sired them to examine some marble
mantles made of Vermont, Tennessee
and California Marble manufactured by
John Shuster of Brooklyn, N. Y. They
replied that our commissioner had not
notified them that he was ready and
until he did they did not feel like max
ing the examination. | Immediately
notified Mr.. Beckwith that our marble
products were ready. He said it was
not his business to notify them, and the
result was that Mr.. Shuster's beautiful
Nantes, that had cost him over So 900
were neglected and did not receive ever
favorable mention by the jury. l am
not aware thst they ever saw the NANTES
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

THE LITTLE SHIP RED, WHITE, AND
BLUE.-A copy Of Captain Hudson's log,
is published in Hunts Magazins, Lon.
don, from which We take the following
On the arrival Of the Red, White and
Blue, at Paris-being the first ship that
everientered Paris from foreign port as
well as the smallest that ever crossed
the Atlantic Ocean--the Emperor Napo.
leon sent for Capt. Hudson, and, after an
interview of an hour, assigned the boat
an honorary position in the Palace.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01
Norwich University.

The Norwich University is the Oldest
Military College or School IN the United
States, except West Point. 1t was es-
tablished by Capt. Alden Partridge in 1872
under the name of the American Literary,
Scientific and Military Academy, and ocn-
tinued in fourishing condition until the
school was removed to Mlddletown, Con-
necticut. The school at that place was
discontinued after time and Capt. Pat
ridge returned to Norwich. 1t was char
tered as University by the Legislature
in 1894 The main building was burned
in 1866, and efforts were made to rebuild
it at Norwich without success. Soon after
the corporation decided to remove the in
stitution to Mortified, the citizens of that
enterprising town pledging themselves to
erect suitable buildings and endeavor to
bring it back to its pristine reputation.
When it was chartered clause was in
corporated, providing that no theological
or religious creeds or doctrines should be
inculcated in it's instructions. At the
last session of the General Assembly this
clause, which was Objectionable to many
of its friends was repealed, and the
students arc now under religious instruc-
ton, and the patronage and influence Of
the Episcopal Church are given in its
favor. An endowment fund is being raised
which will place I'll upon permanent basis.
Its Presidents have been Capt. Alden Pat
ridge, Gen. Truman B. Ransom, Gen.
| Alonzo Jackman, and Rev. Edward
Bourns, LII. D. The two latter are now
connected with the college. Prof. S. w.
Shattuck was acting President after it's
removal to Mortified, until about five
months since, when an officer of the army
was detailed in accordance with provis-
ion of the army bill, shat upon the ap-
plication of AMI established College or
University for the purpose of promoting
knowledge of military science among the
young men of the United States, an officer
of the army may be detailed for President
or Professor in such an institution. Among
| the Alumni of this institution, the
names of men eminent in every depart
ment of life may be found Among
them are Rev. Theophilus Fisk, Hon.
Henry w. Cushman, Hon. Mr.. Morse Of
Louisiana, ex-Gov. Horatio Seymour of N.
Y, Chief Justice w. L. Lee of the Sand
witch Islands, Gov. Caleb Lyon of
Idaho, Rev. G. q. Fay, Rev. Josiah
SWEET, DID,, Prof. Alonzo Jackman, Gen.
Robert Millroy, Gen. 7. G. Ransom, Gen.
Dodge of Ohio, Col. Clark and Col. Jesse
A. Cove of N. H., Gen. Truman B. Ran
som who fell at Chepultepec, Mexico, and
long list of others more or less distin-
guished in public and military life.
The University in Its new location and
the new relations which surround it, seems
destined TO enter upon a Success iul career
of usefulness, combining in its instructions
military and collegiate studies, giving to
the student the rare advantages of obtain
ing thorough physical training and at
the same time giving complete college
education.
| RraRs-Rears arc uettino nenfv near
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

CALIFORNIA PoLIrICs.-The California
Republican State Convention met at
sacramento, July II, and nominated the
following State ticket: Governor-John
Bldwell Secretary OF State-G. D. Nc
Oullom; Comptroller-W. Jones State
Printer-Edwsrd Jeffries. The remain
der of the ticket is composed of the
candidates of the Union State Conven-
ton, who have approved the reconstruc-
ton policy of Congress, and favor i'm
partial suffrage without distinction OF
color. ]. o. Goodwin has withdrawn as
an independent candidate for Congress
In the northern district, leaving the field
Gear throughout the State to the Union
party.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

THB WBATHERsrIELD MuRDER.-The
murder of Mr.. Gowing and wife at AS
cutneyville, in the town Of Weathersleld,
was committed by q Frenchman, who
was employed by Gowing last summer,
and knew that Gowing usually kept sew
ersl hundred dollars in the house. He
called Gowing to the door by shouting
that the COWS were in the corn, and as
soon as he opened the door felled him to
the floor with an axe and beat his brains
out. The Frenchman then rushed to the
room where Mrs. Gowing was in bed
and murdered her in like horrible man
ner. In the same room was little girl
in trundle bed, who was the only wit
ness OF the tragedy and who knew the
Frenchman by his voice and who was
unmolestei oy the murderer
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

MARRIAGE OF CHILDREN-A CURIOUS
OAsE.-At the Toombs Police Court re.
emily, a Cir, about Is years OF age,
giving her name as Mary Eltare Kehoe,
appeared before Justice Hogan with a
boy about Is years old, named Henry
Hartrung, residing with his father at
the corner Of Mott and Canal streets, and
requested his opinion as to the right OF
the boys mother to take him away after
they had been married by the Rev. Fred
erck Still of St. Ambrose church. She
said that after they had returned from
church the mother broke In on their fes-
tivities and carried the husband home.
Justice Hogan said that as they were
married they belonged to each other
and could not be put asunder.-N. Y.
Herald.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

The SuRRArT TRIAL.--In the course
OF the surratt trial Saturday, Mr.. Brad
ley denied the statement that he had
offered the witness Hobart of Vermont,
81, 500 to contradict the evidence he had
given. Mr.. Pierrepont said no such
statement had been authorized by the
prosecution. Mr., Hobart is now in
Washington, having been again sum-
moned IA a witness by the government.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

ACQUITTED. G. Tremble, SOL
dier of the AID, Invalid Corps, stationed
at Plattsburgh, who has been on trial
for the murder of VIM E. Reed, for the
past week was acquitted on Monday, U.
g. District Attorney, VIM. Dorsheimer,
Hon. Lemuel Stetson and Jesse Gaby
for the government. Thos. Armstrong
and B. M. Beckwith for the people.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

BUrTER.-The supply of butter brought
into the st. Adams market on Tuesday
was not very large, and the ruling price
was % cents, though some lots brought
26 and 81 cents.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

Coon FIsHIsG.-E. G. futile Of East
Dorset, informs US that on Friday after
noon last, he caught, with the fly"
sixteen pounds and nine ounces of brook
trout in three hours and fifty minutes.
Without question the Fishing Cup be-
longs to futile.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01
Local and state Items:

A PROBABLY FATAL LEAP.-The Great
European Circus which exhibited at
Middlebury on Tuesday last was num-
erously attended by residents of Brandon
and Pittsford. including large deputa-
ton of persons OF Celtic origin, por-
ton of whom returned home that eve-
ming and portion not until yesterday
morning on Conductors Howe's train.
Among the latter was a man named Nc
Council, who with few companions, all
of whom were somewhat under the in
fuence Of liquor, and singing and Ca
rouslng in boisterous manner, left the
passenger car and went forward into the
express car, where after spending some
time in uselessly endeavoring to induce
Mr.. Tandy, the express messenger to
partake OF liquor which they had with
them, they took drink all around, when
Mcconnell stepped to the open door o.
the car and looked out. But hardly had
he got his head out Of the door before
his hat flew off, when, without stopping
to think of consequences he Immediately
sprang out of the door, evidently will
the intention of recovering it. MI
Tandy had the train stopped as soon Al
possible, and upon going back it wa
found that Mcconnell had struck upoi
q stick OF wood, and in the opinion o
physicians on board the train, fractured
his skull and produced conclusion o
the brain. He was taken to his home a
Brandon, and though everything posi-
BILE is being done for him, slight hope
are entertained Of his recovery.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

on the 18th inst, with E. o. Fsrrer a.
President Willis II. Haynes, Secretary;
Erwin Haskins, Treasurer; W. II. Hoad-
ley, g. B. Adams and L. W. Hubbard,
Directors.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

FRK.-About 8 o'clock Tuesday morn
ing fire was discovered bursting from
the roof of Catlin g. Gordon's Mill, cor
ner of Water and Main streets, Burling-
ton. An alarm was promptly sounded.
but before the engines reached the spot
the fire was put out by the employees.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

PERsosAL.-Hon. Frederick E. Wool
bridge passed through town yesterday
afternoon, on his way home from Wash
ington.
Hon. Geo. T. Edmunds arrived at
Burlington from Washington on Tues
day morning.
"A. d. Hager, Esq, the Vermont
Commissioner to Paris, sails for home
in the Java" on the Sd OF August.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

BEARs.-Bears are getting plenty near
South Troy and Westaeld. One was
cornered on Saturday last but finally
succeeded in making his escape.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1867-08-01

MIDDLErows. = The Adelphio Base
Ball Club was organized at Middletown
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07
OPPOSITION TO MO

S%Sz1%s OPPOSITION To MONO
RS<alLHstNuuA uAank POLY.-DAILY LINE FOR BALTI-
akasesssfssgl-szfr MORE, via Chesapeake and Della
canal.
Philadelphia and Baltimore Union Steamboat Com
pany, daily at o'clock p. NJ.
1he Steamers of this line plying regularly
between this port and Baltimore, leaving the second
wharf below Arch street daily at o'clock p NJ.
(Sundays excepted).
Carrying all description OF Freight low any
other line.
Freight handled with great care. delivered
promptly. ana forwarded to all points beyond the
terminus free OF commission.
Particular attention paid to the transportation OF
all description OF Merchandise, Horses, Carriages,
etc. etc,
JOHN u. RUOFF, Agent,
6l62 No, IL n, DELAWARE Avenue
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07

NEW EX PRESS LIE TO
9TSfs9, Alexandria, Georgetown and Washington,
SSAAk4As ID. G., via Chesapeake and delaware Canal,
WItn CONNECTIONS RE Alex andria from the most direct
route for Lynchburg Bristol, Knoxville, Nashville,
Dalton, and the Southwest.
Steamers leave regularly from the first wharf above
Market street.
Freight received daily. -. . -.
WIN. p. CLYDE q CO.,
No, IA North and South WharVeS.
]. B. DAVIDSON, Agent at Georgetown.
M. ELDRIDGE dS Co.. Agents at Alexandria, Vir-
glnia. 6I
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07
TINTED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE, NO.
u 209 s. SIXTH Street.

PHILADELPHIA, May 30, 1867.
REPAIRS OF PIERS AT CHESTER, PA.
Sealed Proposals, in duplicate, with q copy of
this advertisement attached to EACH will be re-
celved at this Office until IL o'clock M, TUES
DAY, June 25, 1867 for materials and labor for
repairs oil Government Piers at Chester, Penn
SylVanla
Separate proposals must be made for timber,
for iron, and for labor.
Cap logs, bridge timbers, mooring posts and
upper houses OF piers of white pine: tie timber
Of hemlock, tenders, etc, of white oak
Proposals will state he rate per running foot
measure, as the case may require; the rate per
pound of bolts, etc.
All the materials 10 be of the best quality, de-
liveIable at such points, at or near Chester, and
to such persons as may be designated, and to
lie subject to inspection and approval before
The proposals for labor TO state the rate per
foot OF face and per foot board measure ETC., as
mt assured in place; and these rates to cover all
labor necessary for putting the works in good
caring ior, framing, putting together, and re-
placing materials to be used or moved.
All work to be subject to inspection and ap-
pIoval before payment is made. and deduc-
payment for labor or material, in case of part
lay yment before the completion OF all the work.
Each bid must be guaranteed by two respon-
sible pei sons, whose signatures should be APP
pended TO the guarantee, and who should be
cen titled to as being good and sufficient security
by the United States District Judge, Attorney,
Collector, or other public officer
Envelopes to be endorsed, Proposals for Re,
pairs OF Government Piers at Chester"
Bids will be opened on TUESDAY. June %,
1867, at II o'clock M. Bidders are invited to be
present.
For further particulars inquire at this office.
Q. SEAFORTH STEWART
$50 l5t Lieut. Colonel of Engineers.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07

IN THE ORPHANS COURT FOR TIE CITY
L AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
Estate of MARY E. BROWN, deceased. .,
The Auditor appointed by the Court 70 audit setts'
Executor and Trustee under the viii OF MAhf ~ 10
BROWN, deceased, and to report distribution OF tne
balance in the hands of the accountantl VIII meet
the parties interested for the purpose or MS
ment on MONDAY, June ~, 1867 at ociook r
NJ, at his Office No. 4O2 WALNUT street & ,i lR tne
city OF Philadelphia. W. " oAhs5 ~
6 fmW5tS AuuiSoA'
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07
IN THE oRpHANs, COURT FoR THE CITY

/ N III II UNI AIb' OUONL TUIN IIIH VIII
i AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
Estate OF SARAH ]. HOWARD, deceased
The Auditor appointed Dy the Court audit, SETTLE
and adjus. the account OF EMMA III. EDWARDS,
EA AecuJTix and Trustee under Will OF SARAH p
HOWARD, deceased and to report distribution of the
balance in the hands OF the accountant. will meet
the parties interested tor the purposes OF his appoint
ment on TUESDAY. June 49, 1867, at llo'clock A. NJ,
at his office, No. 402 WALNUT street In the City OF
Philadelphia. w. ID. BAK ER,
67 fmw5L* Auditor.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07
uEADQUARTERs THIRD MILITARY
II L DISTRICT.

HEADQUARTERS THIRD MILITARY
Ii DISTRICT.
OFFICE CHIEF QUARTERMAsTER,l
ATLANTA, Ca, May 3, 1867.
BY ORDER OF THE QUARTERMASTER
GENE NERAL.-Sealed proposals will be received
at this offce for the sale of seven thousand four
hundred (7400) tons of COAL at Baraccas,
FloriUa payment TO be made in Government
funds.
The proposals will be opened at 10 M. SATUR-
DAY, the Sth of June 1867, and should be
marked proposals TO purchase Coal" and
address ed to
Brevet Brig Gen. r. SAXTON,
Chief QuarteTmaster Third Military District
Atlanta, Ga. 6l323t
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07
GOVERNMENT SALES.
OF PUBLIC PROPERTY

= "A J. OF + 10 PK o Il II I 7.
OFFICE OF ARMY CLOTHING AND EoUIPAGE,l
No. ~ BROADWAY, New York, May 81, 1867. !
Of Amy Clothing and Equipage, No. 400
WASHINGTON Street, New York City, ON
W EDN ESDAY, the 18th of June next, COM
.mencing at III o'clock A. NJ, certain quanti.
ties ut condemned Clothing and Camp and
Garrison Eqhipage consisting of, say about
29,COO WoOilen Blan. $4,000 pounds Common
kCtS. Tents
1900 Uniform Coats, 25OO0 pounds Wall
$50 Great Coats, Tents,
LOCO Sack Coats, $4,000 pounds Hospital
l 500 Trowers Tents,
GOO pairs Stockings, 1000 pounds Shelter
40 Hats, Tents,
$50 Great Coat Straps, 2iS sibley Tent Tri-
100 pairs Leggings, pods,
1,l50 X napsacks, . A lot of Brass articles,
ESQ Tent Poles, 100 Bed Sacks,
800 Tent Stoves, l.500 Tent Pins,
Ana various small articles of Clothing and
Equipage.
Samples of the above may be seen at the
Depot, within four days OF sale and further
IL form alton obtained.
TERMS-Cash in Government funds; ten
per cent down, and balance before the goods
are taken from the Depot which must be
within five days OF sale, under forfeiture OF
Major-General d. II. VINTON,
81 81 Assistant Quarternasle er General us
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07

TSTATE OF ROSANNA SMITH, DECEASED.
~ letters az administration ON the above estate
having been granted 20 the undeTslgnea si persons
VIII present lheiN " WILLIAM SMITH, JR.,
5sli6t* NO lAzi nalni'oh street. .
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-06-07

*This being a new enterprise the Par IA assumed
as the market value,
Thomas Z. Hand, samuel E. Stokes,
John &. Davis, Henry sloan
hdnI und A. SOuder, William q. Boulton
II eOphilus Paulding Edward Darlington.
John X. Penrose, IL. Jones Brooke,
James Traquair, Edward Laourcade,
Henry e. Dallett, Jr, Jacob f. Jones,
James q. Hand, James B. Mcfarland,
illam 9. Ludwig, Joshua p Eyre,
Joseph II. SEAL spencer. .Mcllvaine,
George q. Leiper, J. B. semple, PiJtsburg
Hugh Craig, A. B. Berger. -
John u. Taylor, D. 4. Morgan,
Jacob Riegel, George w. Bernardou.
THOMAS q. HAND, President.
JOHN q. DAVIS, Vice President
HENRY LYLBURN, Secretary. 1Ss