The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1867-01-11

tions."
Lord DuEFERN holds that this exodus so far
from being a curse, has proved blessing to those
who emigrated, and no less so to those who re-
NAMED in the country. He says
There ia one single fact which will probably be
accepted as safe Indication Of the effects Of enli-
grafton on the destnies of those who took part in
it, To their immortal honor, within 16 years after
their departure they had sent back to Ireland up
words Of s12 600 600 OF money chiefly for the pur-
ample. Now, unless they had Prospered, these
savings could not have been accumulated unless
their new existence had been full Of promise thoy
them, But what it, instead Of setting forth to reap
the golden harvests OF the West, these fororn null
ttudes had remained Pent up within tneir rainy
valleys, would the existing population, those that
thing,-would they be now the better or the worse2
Two obvious consequences must have followed
wages would have been lower, rents higher than
they arc now, while very large proportion Of the
peasantry would be occupying farms half the size
Of those they are ct present eultlyaung. NOW, low
certain sense TO the manufacturer to the landlord
and to the recruiting sergeant; ); but how do they
affect the masses-the tenant, the iaborer, ana
the mechanic? WhenI vas in the Wcst Of Ire,
wages varied from half-a-crown to 3D. o week, Ever
since it has gradually advanced, ranging in the
South and West of Ireland from los. to 12s or
even 14s. o week; while in tho North the laboror
is almost absolutely master OF the market, and
can dictate what terms he pleases.
Had no emigration taken place from Ireland, and
had the population continued to multiply at it's
normal rate the additional increase to our present
numbers would bv this timc have amounted to
three millions of souls, and as there is no reason
tn supp0ee that such circumstance would have
materially expanded the restricted manufacturing
operations of the country, the larger proportion Of
these three millions would have had to depend
upon the land for ther support. NoW,lt appears
authority of Archbishop Whately, Archbishop
Murray, and Mr.. Moore OFarrel, that in 1846 fvo
persons were employed in the cultivation OF the
soil in Ireland for every two that cultivated the
same quantity Of land in Great British, while the
agricultural produce Of Great Britain was four
times the agricultural produce OF Ireland. AS o
matter or fact therefore, md so far as the past is
concerned the addition to the agricultural produce
/ of Ireland has not been proportonato to tho e1-
cess Of the agricultural population.
IF we apply this proportion to the Is, 832, ,692
acres of Land under cattle and crops in Ireland we
shall see that about 100000 persons would be able
to cultivate the entire area. But by the Census
returns Of 1851 the number Se OF those engaged IN
upwards of 80O 900 persons is to say, to 30O-
Ot0 more than are necessary to the most consum-
mate cultivation Of the soil.
Tho increase Of every nation, he says, must 30
it occupies and tho amount Of capital itpossesses
This lew is Of universal application, though one
race, from it's more sordd habits, or lower civili-
cation, may be more compressible than another.
Blt the appointed limits once reached either the
they have done in France or tho surplus popula-
ton will emigrate, as has been tho case in Ger
many, in Ireland, and to lesser degree in Eng
lind.
the capacity Of producing, to an almost unlimited
e1tent, certain root, containing al the clements
necessary for the support Of human life. The ex-
pansion Of the population was proportonate to the
facilities it enjoyed for obtaining sustenanco
were withdrawn; the potato failed; no other pro-
duct of the soil existed take it's place. crops
neither supplied the same amount Of nutriment,
nor could they be grown in successive years on the
same spot
When. therefore, Mr.. Bright speaks of Ireland
as being the only country from which m extensive
emigration has taken place. he nlsrcpresents facts
which ought to he Within his knowledge. The
average Of emigration from Ireland mas 3 amounted
wears, but from Germany alone, and principally
from North Germany, as mnny as 250 900 persons
have emigrated in n single year, while between
1851 and 1861 tho emigration from Great Britain
scribes m those whom he invidiousy terms sthe rul-
inc classes" as standing alone in their opinion-an
opinion which, according to him, ia inspired by
their selhshness and stupidity-that emigration
has boen no calamity to Ireland, he states what is
both uneenerous and untrue. Plans for the ex-
press purpose Of stimulating emigration have been
devised and advocated from time to time by such
men as Mr. Smith O'Brien, Mr, Wyse and MIR.
Sharman Crawford; while, did your space permit,
might furnish dozens OF quotations to show how
common such q conviction is to every school Of
politics m Hclass Of society.
To attribute it's existence to our stupidity and
selfshness is even more gratuitous. When did a
tradesman ever complain of the multitude Of his
customers or manufacturer Of the casness Of
the labor market? But what is the owner of an
estate other than trader in land His tenants
arc his customers; the more strenuous their COM
petition tbs higher his rents and the denser their
number, the more keenly will they compete; emil
grafton has a tendency to diminish rathor than to
increase his rental, and it it has not done 80 al
ready it is because it has not continued long
enough.
Very frequently the landlord is o largo employer
OF labor, Within the last fifteen years myself
have paid away upwards OF ESQ., 900 in wages alone.
During the last half OF that period, in consequence
of the rise in wages, have got much less for my
money.than I did during the first half and my
consequent loss, comparing ono period with anoth-
er, would amount to several thousand pounds, md
this has been q direct consequence of the emigra-
ton. But though denler in land, and payer Of
wages, / am, above all things, an Irishman, and
as an Eishman I rejoice at any circumstance
which tends to strengthen the. independence Of
tho tenant farmer to add To the comforts Of the
laborers existence.