New-York tribune., 1867-01-04

actually Offers wishes Il to be understood
that his statements are not 1aseu isted nannfac-
& etabshments and verified the truth 0I IstIe t
scntaons by carefully investigating te @ g atera
cost of production. from the purcnhse VI 'ne III" ~
up to the sale of the finished pLou"''
>,,. ..o,liail NJ skilled labor. in The co,rty
~ yyeyion from the Industries Oi the t
conse1uent upOn the war; IL varousI esinhte & maj
@ ~ M go oo men II il not TO be understood thay
% yre represent an absolute loss 10 tne lhuusIy y, "a
fbe couIItry although such loss ron
te @ to war was undoubtedly very cOnslueIape
Sase & ~ versa testimony Of manufacturers 49, tha ue
0Seratiyes who entered the army from te VI bi old
pt boe not as general thing, Returned 10 their ou
len iIaeDts I'm two Instances, where somewhat care
S examination was made by the prOpletoIs 9i ni,v t
a SIowtng results have been reported 10 the Ioiis
sioner; In the first instance, ont OF ~ men M
nv from an iron establishment In one OF the Muate
Stnts only n are known the pTopretors 10 nave Ie
sumed their former occupations anu III ine SS Nm,
instance out OF 10 leaving manuiaerOry IN Nv NV
II state but two individuals are believed 10 nHIe
returned OF R atG Tas. some Hafe other Industrial pursuits
m n south: much larger percentage have sought new
SSSs ~ and new enpoyn6nts at the extreme west oT on
5SIa the P%GdS SdS SOsS1 sSsS6s to otY g 5 M
bonties and previous savings nave become pllnS@po @
rather than sbordnates in business or III cases OF per
sons Of foreign BIRTH have returned 10 inc eohi"s "
their nativitios , ,,..,.. .. o.,h y,
Inc e9hIueu coz I tiPs % as COMPARED with the small in
eass Of popnation In tho rural districts, shows that
speculation and the profit obtanaoe by exchanging
rather than by producing offer greater inducements al
present 10 many than the pursuits Of their ordinary or
causes which have contributed to scarcity OF skilled
labor. .,,. .. Imam
coupled with an increased prosperity Of the aglcuth
classes has also produced Ia many sections OF the cOu
try AN unusual scarcity Of female operatives TINS u
noticularIy tbe case in the manufacturing districts OF
New England and has not been remeded by large ad-
vance in wages The average rate OF wages paid 70 adnt
female operatives I'm England cotton mills Is reported
TO he a. per day while in cases of the skilled opera
tycs earnings OF fr,n $50 To ~ anu even So Pei onh'
exclusive of board, are reported .,-
The volume OF immigration now pouring into The eoun-
try affords but little immediate relief to the acknow-
eyed scarcity Of skilled labor naSnuch ss the Duk OF
Is pnrey agricultural. and seeks home and employ lneht
m r % and o The circumstance that agricultural labor has
been supplemented and rceyedby machinery 10 greater
extent than almost any other department OF production,
the interests OF agriculture nave suffered Hcn ies ,l
those of manufactures and commerce rms statement
finds striking Illustration I'm the fact that during the
period Of the war, Notwithstanding the great draught
from the agricultural States 10 the army the hhtFesl
through the more extensive use Of machinery increased
rather than diminished Thus the state OF Iowa, which,
out OF population in ls6O ot615OO furnished 10 the army,
from May 1861 the end of 1863 5224O men, neverthe
less increased her number Of acres OF Improved lahd o
3l5OOO In 1852 TO 500 900 In 1862 aud 300 900 IN le ana
900 In 1868 Again, in 1859, the amount of wheat
raised I'm the state OF Indiana, was lb29Vo Dushels
lation IN 1900 of 9500 had furnished to the army more
than 24OO fighting men, the annual product oi wheat
exceeded 2O,OOO 900 bushels.
SECOND CAUSE
The second cause TO which the present imitation ot
prices may attributed Is the adoption, on the part of
the Ooyerernment. as measure of value as medlun
OF exchange, and legal tender of an rredeenable
df The United States an unhealthy influence prices
isnO because OF IL quality a. money but because being
gold aud silver money which fits them to be- measure Of
values; namely, That they are the piodCt OF aDo anu
IA such that the supply ~ them Is regulated by natural
laws while, the contrary, the supply OF legal tender
money has depended only on the wants oi the Coy
value of the one il intrinsic property, based on
the cost OF its productions while the valuation set upon
As IAN illustration ot the extent 10 which The country Is
taxed by the facilities which the present redundant cur
fact that while the wheat crop OF the country for the
present II fully ur 10 the average IN amount ana
is estimated at the remarkable figure OF bs0OoJ@0 df
bushels per cent In Of the liberal crop Of 1850
according the most liberal estimates. but - per cent
notwithstanding these facts, the quotations for flour IN
the City of NeNYOr the 3lst Of October 1866, were
very considerably in advance OF the prices Tor the CORE
spending periods OF any OF the years from lsCO to looS
comprehensive survey OF all the circumstances wond
give the measure OF the Influence OF the present uirc
deemable paper currency on prices substantIy an fol-
lows
10 the average difference IN the value Of gold and cur
second: As the price Of gold using the expression IN
the Of ts being measure OF the value Of the cur
rencyl continually varies, further addition to prices In
order 20 insure the dealer against fluctuations ia values
Is necessarily made In all commercial transactions. The
effect OF this Is to assmate the business of the country
To that Of manufacturers Of mctcras
with whom contingent and ultimately certain disaster,
is necessarily TeckOncd ~ an element OF cost
Finally: The general unscttlcment Of values conse
qient upon the fluctuations above noticed f. largely
taken advantage Of the third instance by dealers aud
manufacturers To advance prices to degree Dat only
limited by the endurance Of the public.
Wow Of the results OF such analysis, with how
much Of significance aud meaning does The opinion OF All
American Statesman of former period become Invested
"Of all the conrivances says Mr Webster for cheat
ing the abOrng classes Of mankind none has been found
more effecua than that which deludos them with r
Tedeemabe paper currency"
Third CAUSE
The third of the causes. and perhaps the most inuen
tlal. which the present initiation OF prices may be
attributed, Is the extent OF the burden OF national
The Whole amount Of revenue raised by internal taxa
ton during the fiscal year. ending June 3d. 1870, was
t3lO9O69si currency, and from customs N7sOi6tJO gold
Reducing the customs receipts To currency the premium
on gold being assumed at per cent? We have as the toa
amount Of revenue drawn from the country during the
above year, by various forms Of taxation the sum OF
S6 572266 currency; which, with All assumed population
of S5OOOO Is equivalent 10 $40 % currency. or Sl 40 In
gold, per capita
Assuming The vaue OF the real and personal property o
the United States to have increased since O the date of
the last sufficient 10 compensate for all the losses
aud deprecatiOns growing out Ot the the ratio OF
taxation 10 property for the last fiscal year three aud
ninetyth hundredthe 1893 per cent During the
year the estimated ratio II taxation to property In
Great Britain ninetcnhs OF per cent IN other
words IL the ratio OF taxation In Great Britain had been
In 1865 The same as that now maintained IN the United
States the amount derived from taxation in that country
would have been Sll2i5isiO, In place OF SJ5il5 900
Furthermore IL should be iemeubefed tha' taxes IN
Great Britain levied In such manner In the least
possible degree 10 enhance prtces-A of the ordinary
forms and products Of industry being exempt from taxa
tOn; while In the United States the exemption of any
form OF capital process or result OF Industry II the
ception rather than the rule Thus In Great Britain out
gross In 1865 Of 1854 3 OOO 276 per cent
sale OF spirtuOus and fennened liquors and tobacco
while In the United states, during the corresponding fis
cal with at least double the consumption Of spirits
and obaccO out OF the gross revenue Of S5G5722GG the
percentage Of receipts from the same articles only
$3.50 per cent.
As further Illustration Of the extent 10 which industry
exempt in Great Britain II taxed In the United States 10
may be stated that the tax OF six per cent levied and col
cced during the fiscal year l56i3 on the value OF the
products OF The woocn Industry n Massachusetts, alone
4s43O67 equivalent to nearly 20 per cent on the
whole capital i 1885 S30 invested In this business while
the tax on the value OF boots and shoes manufactured in
he during
equal to 80 per cent on the whole capital employed VIZ
$l0O67,474
II must therefore be obvious that revenue system
like the above necessarily involves most extensive
duplication Of taxes which In turn entails and maintains
an undue enhancement OF prices decrease both OF pro
ductOn and consumption, and consequently OF wealth.
restriction OF expectation and of foreign commerce and
arge neTcasc m lhe machmery and expemse of coecl0A