New-York tribune., 1867-05-28


the name Of PIomiisclenk or fur collectors But tno
havo the Russian authority, who after saying hat
the inhabitants 0I the dstalt slanes are under te
inteuderce Of FrOmiishenik adds (Which is I'm other
words, under that OF rascal, by whom they are OF
pressed, toImeAtcd, and plundered in every possible
authentic portrait is not Of our day.
The aboligincs all in common language called
mauX Of Greenland, and they also differ among them
snivcs Though pOprlarly known by this family name
they have many divisions and subdivisions with as
many languages and idious, as France once had There
nee jrre gr0ups each with its own nationality ana Ian
guage and there smaller groups each with s tribal
idcm In short, tie ,reat problem OF language IL re-
,n,tod hero s foI1s srcln TO he Infinite Scientific
inquiry traces many to single root bu practically they
are different Here is that confusion OF tongues when
yields only 10 the pTesen OF civilization, and 1t becomes
more remarkable as the idom Is often coniiRed 10 90
~ we look at them ethnographcally we shall find two
principa groups races-the first scientifically known
as EsquIuaX, and the second rs Indians BY another
usage they are divided into EsquimaX, Aleutians Hena
ans and KOlOchlaus being four distinct groups. Inc
Esqulmaux aud Aeuans are said to be Mongoasnl nm III
Origin According doubtful theory, they passed from
Asia TO America by the succession OF Islands begnns
on the coast Of Japan and extending to Alaska Wen of
The Kenaans ana KOOschans are Indians, belonging W
known American races so mat these i9uf g1ns % are ara
erc are general influences more OF less applicable to
all these races Tho climate is peculiar, and the natuia
features OF the country are commanding COO Sunie5 5
and mild Winters are favorable 10 tne hHnlnn"n rce %r
fisherman. Lofty mountains, volcanic forms, IaIso
rivers, numerous islands ana an extensive seac0lst oO
sue the great book Of nature for al TO read honq az
dull Generally they quick, intelligent ana lhSellou
exceeding the chase ana in navigation, h9Iasi,b
boat the rider his horse, until NE man ana Ig D @
seem TO bo ono Some very skilliu Win TOOLS anu
exhibit remarkable taste. Tho sea is bOuitllu ana an T
Land has its supplies From these they arc sa'lo doCs
Better si there Is something In tcir nature Wlcn
rot altogether reject the improvements oi clyzbun
Unlike our indians, they are " Mng 10 "n thase rces
derive their descent from different animals some alu
prItle md pacific; others are wGrEe All, rear, aIe
,. f, .l, iro.ooast rs si am undiscovered secret.
tiiDr,c q Frem population pass TO climate, which
IS more imoi tart, ia constant force CHna,c IN
br Lry "a Ills l ole region. II is the governing power
which miles rrcductiuu aUd llfc for nature ana man e"oh
,r.t conform 10 It's laws Here at last tho observations
~ sri,I,co dive 10 our INQUIRY solid support
Among Inc authorities open before mo quote two
which show that this Ference 81 temperature between
10 mi 'aclfs coasts was imagined. II not actu-
az M dTfi,,r thc last century Portlock The
Trellru who was on this cunst In 1851, after say
mn dunn stormy and unsettled weather the air had
ccn mild And ten rsratc remarks that he Is inclined 10
brj, that he climate here is not so severe rs has b,th
rcicr,jly supposed" VOyngc, p ls3) Ia PcIousc Tue
before In hudson By tho other dc OF the toitlnch
os sin .,nr cxr'icfythat "the climate of this coast
oi,ncarrd 10 lin IL Gnitty mldcr than that Of Hudson
y in tho same latitude. and thnt the res winch ~, ad
Tra.iiSd here NroIo much larger" Voyage, vol ?, p
ie-I IenrsGof when M sitla IN 1905 records that Mr.
John D. Wolf oitizcn Of thc United states. VINO I"d
passed nc Winter at the settlement, " j. much s"'IiSd
m Grd,rg the cold less than at Boston inoce
Island aud Other Provinces Of Tie United states "h'h
lie more 10 the South" Voyages vol 2, p lOlJ J., &,
AUtbis is now explained uy certain known forces I'D
nature or these the most important j. thCinal cG.
fhe Atlantic The latter, having its origin In the heated
waters of the Guf o. Mexico flows as Tyer thtCugh
the ocean uogthward cucircng England, bathing NOR
way and warming an within its influence. a similar
stream IN Tie IHc!, some tlues caed inc JbId,' phi
rent, having its otcn under tho equator nei me d9
ippinos and tho Naaccus, amid 10 conton meats aIt,
Washr the ancient empire OF Japan, sweeps
until. forming two branches one moves onward 70
inc Straits and the other bends eastward along tho Aeu.
liam Islands, and then southwark along the coast or
sitka oregon, AID California. EeggiapEGis & nafo uv s
fcrCd this heater which ln tie lower Latitude le rs
high 81 o Fahrenheit, and even far to TIE hOl'h u 10 80
But t,e forces arc aided essentially hy tho conngura-
t0n OF the northwest co1.t. WITH oiiJ ana lhpcI'
Bors ae PROTECTED from lie cold 81 TIC north Occupy:
ing the Aleuuau Islands irayrrins ~ IcHlI.uai on
lattucs Of so Co. Tbs mountain ridge a climatic dly.'
sion, Ccording 10 German ttcAipA,l
IIfrc etr A A,me 0f them volcanic, with Mount 81.
l"s AfhC than Mont lanc' sialu.' ,s on s'i % M ~
science Hero 81 dixie between tAo icy wa'is oi Bon
ring teA aaa w. ii.iu eoU'.,JiH H. , .i a., ne yI
tOu between iic urtr's in'h ,ot'' ', ,i't -
coas. 0f tho kcnasus aud ku.u.chaus Here D. renee
INK one lGc thc N"us ava i,eioA 'Iylh ,ie ~. u
ocean aud the other side Tie hunming bird nom Tie
Ad n,g Won In not fa 20 ocrvo how bv this conigi
ration tic thermal turcnts Of ocean aud AIR afe lott to
The Winters of stha arc relatively warm not differing
much from those OF Washington, and several degrees
colder The temperature - winter D. ~ ~ WhIe
that Of summer b. 6I'S, TIE Wellington Winter !, III
bit the rcouars OF this colst-warm Winters and cool
Tle Winter Of sirta is mildcr than that of many
European capitals H. is much mLdcr than That 81 ~.
Petersburg Moscow, Stckhon' tolcni igen befnc' or
Berlin. IL Is miIdcr than shat OF Alauem. htutt-
gard Vienna S,uastopol n the CFmca, or Turn IL ~
not much colder than that Of Padua According to
cDsf frost lastcd uyc tays I'm March t did not ffccze
during tho day at all. aud rarely IN tie night Dning
the next Winter the thermometer did not fan below 2'
I'm .f o. Inns j.
The roadstcad - open throughout Tie year, ana Only "a
feg laudlockcd bays urc frozen. ,,.
Tho prevailing dampucss ut Sltta makes q residence
there far from agrccaDc although 70 does not appear to
be injurious 20 hoalth England b. allo damp but En-
C, mean c,,, f IN m id s 20 jeies although in
mountainous Gisticts of Cumberland aud NcsuuoIClud
the fan amounts 10 O and even lo inches. Ia washing
ton II is a inches INC forests a stls are 80 wet that
they WI not barn. although frequent attempts have
wood lf nom IL constant moisture n, i5 there
were 10 days when 10 r1ucd showed continuously 10
dar F rlc,r Iycaiicr e," vr.,r ,niy an brict 2avs
."yt "a Ii'"I Nta,H' IT, ogH D't, ""f ~ pIlt "a p
81 really clear ard Gue days" accn c observer who
was t!icie last year counted co. visitor for u days
madci but these were as ne as ho had ever known IN
Iho whole coast from Sta 10 tho peninsula OF Alnska
seems 10 Lave a. came continuous climate, whether as
regards temperature or moisture The island OF Kodiak
aud the recess 81 Cooks Inlet are outside OF this climatic
lie winters fcourrtIv 20 mia In Inc lower PARTS OF Ko
lcL 9Th Of tmc any thng Ike severe cold felt The
Alruau Islands further west are somewhat colder than
Sba although tie difference Is not great. The summer
tempupture seldom above Coz tho Winter temperature
ig more seldom low % below The snow falls
about the beginning Of October. and s sometimes
late as tbc end of April; but does remain long
the Eu f1cc. The mean temperature OF OunalHska IL
about fG3 Clam'}O found the temperature of spring
water at the beginning OF the year 10 be 3o' Cg There
are some years when u rains this island the whole
Winter Tho fogs prevail from Apgl till tho middle Of
Jny when they seem for the time to be driven further
north. The islands nOrthward toward Bcming Straits
are piOpOronaely colder but you VIII not forget that
the American coast mider than the opposite coast or
Asia.
L. Vcgetc6ie Iyoducfs-Thc splendid pine forests OF
Russian America noticed by all the YoyaBeIs who
have visited that region
North of Alaska chr.ng Sea, tho forests do not ap
proach the coast except ~ The heads Of bays and sounds