The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1867-03-06
Agricultural and Horticultural.
rrom the sou,l,crn crl,!vator
Early Corn.

failure, II IL cHpCrilCnt to got n new crOD IL
soon ns possible The Gourd Seed variety.
though the most valuable OF this climate,
is very late, requiring six months beiors il
is ready for the mill while some OF tho
smaller varieties us the King Phillips, may
be ready for use IN four monthS, ana IN
very favorable seasons, in ninety days.
The past season, some King Philips corn
was planted rs an experiment by thr"o dir
frrcut persons, April Isl On the l"ih Of
July, this corn was dry enough TO grii,l.
while the largo varieties were only in SIX
This variety can be planted much closer,
and thus makes Us great II yield as The large
variety. AS il ripeus before the .iul, u,'
August drougliS, wc may hope to have a
crop when the Gourd Seed is y failure
while we would not abandon the large vi.
ri"iicS for the main crop, would it, not be
well for each farmer to try II few acres Of
some small varieties?
The corn crop is too important To hc
abandoned, aud We must enquire what are
the causes III failure "f late years, fov the
average fall Of rain is not less now lrnn
!Jrmcrly. This, we think, can DC shown
% be ihe nrSrncc Of vegetable matter lht.
ma il, the soil.
By ob.crvaron, il has been found, that in
contiguous i;elhs o. cotn, cultivated alike,
tho results d"rinEa '""ught arc very d;nnr-
mt: Q. <. Wishing to make u crop Of 20
bushels TO The acre, | mAnurcl heavily
acres. In them Was Il fence row that had
grown up with hriarS. Il was fan Of mou!u
;,nd "as new ground About hn!t nm acre
was hilt worn out; one quarter OF an acre
hnu hccn made vc'Y rich wit. stable ma
nurc, i'uL on ten yca.3 previous. The ulncr
portions were very much WON, but uH.
nurcd nearly nli Of the i,cit bpuniiiWily.
with unfcrmc!'cd manure, leaving y Ipr.
ton. however, unma,urcd. II was cul..vu-
todiwC',a inches dccp---iu !o;uc r'accs ,urr.
i.l,'.ui ,l,n rlNr which had Dut iiUic r"Viii.
t. .Nd np wou.l Soon after the accl came
W. - u,'t set IN and the corn cetani
- . w. l. began to be affected hy Tic
drought IN TIC following order: lSt. i.1
poor urmnm,rrl ror;ion II lno rcccn;Iy
mnnurcA "a Thc old manurcl: lll. rho
h"'f worn uEmaamcl porior 9th The
fence row also mnuTcd. The last trp,ar-
CT 10 he little effected hy the drought. When
the iaiit 9rt in, the corn commenced ~ grow
in tl,c vrvcrSc order to Tho above. \ second
and more severe drought set in, duing
which. lhc corn ;aSsc,L. On 10. |. dc
stalk we're very small No. ., much hr%rr;
No. ,. ycry gnol: No. j not so good ns No.
;, hut most OF The tnsscls unirjur"d; No :.
stalks. Nos. !, and !; on |, 4 poor crop:
on ), the corn was good"
U bNl lhlS tSncilHlCHl, us iFbNl lthCblN'l
observation. we draw our conclusion tant
,hc remote cnu"c Of failure in this case, Was
absence or vegetable mould, almost ~ much
as the want OF moisture. Tho con crpuis
one OF cicnn culture, and therefore requires
repeated pSowinSs during summer, thus
Constantly exposing u new surface 10 the
san, by wMioa much mould is dccomposcd
into its elements and thus wasted. Mould
is one form Of carbon. Whoa thiS is CON-
sumca the land is exhausted. fnS morgan.
c clcmcnts ot grain may pc plcntiful in the
soil, yet partial barronncss may 10 the
consequence, ioV want OF the organic, To
form the gluten, starch, sugar, oil, 40, Of
The graiu. The first indication in the wear
ing uul OF II soil. is its liability to bake, ana
its Inability to withstand drought. We irc-
qucntly hear it said the climate ia chang,
ing, and the drCugh,s arc greater. The fact
is, our old lands will not Nrodurc corn as
they usnd to 10, whilo the new lands do
we'll, aud 81 Nnd tho heat oi the su'uiucY.
All new soils are EWNl % moNld, in Il state ut
puri;a dccny. hy rcprne'i cGitiy.tioU
and exposure to tAc Suu, much ui il is
dccomposca aud Ionucl into cnrhouia acid
gas, Il part Of which is consumed Ivy The
llani, and muCa wasted in the uir. Il II
not possible to estimate how much the crop
conS&mrs hur It's thought that morc dan
lSN Is tNhFc'l 'lN lIt Wv l't't'tt CUl'lNH-
ton, than rs the removal OF the crop, &,ni>I
and grain. The productive action O, mould
is tmcc-toli, its changc Ivy decay into gas;
itspowcr OF absorbing gas from the air, Jni
hy holding moisture, Mousd sustnins vrgn.
la,ion, inr il is the remains ,f II previous
living vegetation
An rnrlhs ito not thus possess this power
Of nbsorptlon CluyS sands do not
fhry may bc cultivated al,i w'tcvvd ny lhr
most genial Of seasons, bat no protlah.o
produce can hc yielded, until mould in <Omc
form is applied,
Mould is also valuable as q non. con,l,ic =
tor ot heat, thas Keeping the roots cool,
while the plant has tie advantage Of the
lght and heat Of the sun.
rhis might lend to the crouiry, from
whence do plants draw moisture, other than
from rain, but time iurbilS. In our next,
We wtl enquire, how may mould be bcsI
preserved III the soil, and how restored when
cNhanStcl.
Vhc preceding article IS q suggestive one
! II oar planters will try n few acres Of corn
OF The early varieties, on really good ground
'or summcr use, VIC have no doubt they will
oc In sNcd wah the rrs"r. 1t is not
wolA white Ia 20 largely into raising this
surl NJ corn. for the wccyil arc much more
(rONhitSDmH ~ ~, IMAM IN The Kinds that
r,prn later; but in connection with good
nn"t sprinE oats, !; viii supply us with
'c' l. M" Keep the teams IN good condition
' the main crop is ready
Nc have not the slightest doubt that the
! droughS from which we suilcr SO much ut
! late ycME, are so severely felt because we
have exhausted the vegetable matter in the
| soil. Ana II is Il matter OF vial impori amce
! TO the Southern GARNER 10 know how this
can to restored or preserved. We know our
! ctrrcSpondent can give us u scusihlr an,!
! practical article on this topic, and wc look
| Tor /, With much i&tcrcst. I'm. So. Cur.
! lm,u porNors. tndcr our horticultu-
! ral head, we ought TO have SAID word or
, 'wo Oh ri&h Potato Seed One Of the aaud.
! soonest and best potatoes brought from Tho
! norm j. The Peach Blow largo, white
! With piuk "yra, anG Splashcd with brillnnl
red. Hut i'is Potato is about the most
unsatisfactory one we can plant. IL ripens
tro la,o. oar dry, hot.wealher, comes on
! . when the potatoesSGBgin to form. In
ala climate, The, caI8siUr potato ripons tho
| bcttcr-.as during its whole season olerowth
! IL is supplied with the abundant moisture
| left in tho soil by The winter rains. AS to
keeping, the carly are as good MS the late,