davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1867-08-16

"N6cessity is the plea of tyrants, -
and when Congress asserts that it
is :'ncccssary' in time of pro
found peace, to confer on mill
itary general the power to remove
every officer ia State, and to de-
tail soldiers to sit upon the bench
of the Judge, or fill the place of
Governor, officers of the State or
Legislature, who does not know that
the plea is false, and the act
unnitigatcl despotism in its worst
form? .E .s
When Congress DISTINGUISHES three
quarters of the white population of
an American State, and turns it
over to the rule of negroes, backed
by an army, in the time of peace,
who does not know that the alleged
"necessity' is the plea Of tyrants :.
When Congress usurps the powers
Of States, and requires that white
men shall not hold Office, but negroes
may--that the servant shall rule
his master-that the negro may
bask in the sushine Of power, and
the white man shall do the work
that the white man shall earn. the
the money for the, negro to spend, -
and that the white mar. shall pay
the taxes, and shall not be repre-
sented, even in his ow n State, is not
the pretended ''ncce ssity'' the plea
of tyrants?
How long will an American State
stand without the presence of an
army. when three quarters of the
people, who own nearly all the
property, are excluded from all par
ticipation in the laws that are to
govern them? What commentary
is this on the cant phrase, RECON
sTRUcrloN ?-Madison (Wis) Union.
The following is the correspond
encc between ths, president and
Stanton concerning the resignation
of the latter.
August 5th--Mr. johnson to Mr..
Stanton
Considerations Of public interest
will persuade me to accept your re-
signation if rendered. -.-
Stanton replied:
August 5-Mr. Stanton to Mr..
Johnson:
Considerations Of public interest
have prevailed with me to hold this
office for many months past, and
considerations Of fpublic interest will
prevail with me to hold it till the
assembling Of congress.
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1867-08-16
NURHAM HOUSE.
CREsCo Iowa.

This house is eligibly situated to busi-
ness, near the Depot of the McGregor
Western Railway. BY giving strict atten-
tion to the wants of the travelling public,
they hope to merit the. confidence and re-
ceive share ofpublic patronage. n3O
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1867-08-16
HEALING POOL,
AND HOUSE OF MERCY.

Howard Association Reports, for YOUNG
MEN, on the CHINE OF SOLITUDE, and
the ERRORS, ABUSES and DISEASES
which destroy the manly powers, and Gre
ate impediments to MARRIAGE, with sure
means of relief Sent in sealed letter en-
velopes, free of charge. Address, Dr. )
SKHLEN HOUGHTON, Howard Associ-
alton, Philadelphia Pa. 25-vS
The Iowa plain dealer. [volume] (New Oregon, Howard County, Iowa) 1867-1895, 1867-08-16
A WOlllan'S Complaint

ga lover of Justice" makes
through an exchange the following
appeal to the women of Iowa:
Please permit me, through your
columns, to address the ladies of
Iowa relative to sending petition
to our next Legislature, asking that
the same power and privileges be
granted to widow in reference to
holding, using, controlling and trans
ferring her property or money, that
the law gives to a husband. Also,
if the opposite sex can give any rea
son why a widow should be placed
in straight jacket; why she and
her children should be deprived of
nine-tenths, threc-fourths, one-half
one-third, one fourth, one-tenth of
their substance to pay court expens-
cs in settling up the estate ; why
only one-third is hers, and why she
cannot use it all if she needs it
And if mothers will not sacrifice as
much for their children as fathers
will and why she can't divide it
among the children as they need it,
Or will make good use Of it, And
why, if her husband had no heirs,
that one-halfbclongs to his relatives.
Will they inform US? But if a moth
er is obliged to spend nineteen
twenticths of their all to settle the
estate, is it just? If she needs as
sistancc she can procure it Law
yers are plenty in Iowa. l hope the
thinking portion of women in Iowa
will ponder this subject well prcvi-
Gus to the assembling Of the Lcgis-
laturc, the ensuing winter. If they
wish the law changed, they will
manifest their wishes by petitioning
accordingly. Editors in Iowa are
solicited to insert the above.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

Gov. PIERpoINT, it will be seen has express
ed his views at once to the Legislature OF
Virginia, and wants Convention called under
the Military Force bill. The Richmond Times
says that there are but few Of the members of
the Legislature who agree with him. They
do not approve Of his course. Gov. Brown, of
Georgia, has been promptto adopt and express
the views expressed by Gov. Pierpoint. He
8 thinks the South will never "get better terms
than those of the Force bill, and adds ="
consider 1t the duty of the Governor of Georgia
to call the Legislature together without delay,
and TO recommend the passage of an act calling
convention Of the people of this State to SO
change our State constitution as to provide for
universal suffrage, in conformity to the measure
which has passed Congress known as the Sher-
man amendment, and to provide for the early
election of Legislature which will adopt the
constitutional amendment ia accordance with
said requirement" a-a
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

1t is certain that all the argument. and all
the reason, and all the justice, and all the Con-
stitution, are n.oppostion to the measures of
the dominant party in Congress-and yet, By
the force of party discipline applied TO MUM
bers, these measures are carried and acIuies
ced in. We begin to perceive the principle Of
fear exerting some influence at the North
They quail there under the terror" Of the
Radicals. This is one Of the worst signs Of the
times
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

It is understood that COL Ellis has resign,
ed the Office of president of the James River
and Kanawha Canal Company, We remark
that entire confidence is not yet felt as to the
ability of NJ. dc Bellot to comply with his
engagement about the Canal-but the best
is hoped for He telegraphed Col. Ellis on
Saturday, acknowledging the receipt Of a
telegram announcing the passage Of the bill
giving further time (six months) TO the
French company to ratitg the contract for
the purchase and con, pletion of the James River
and Kanawha canal, and urging upon him to
endeavor to secure its prompt adoption by the
West Virginia Legislature.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

Mr. Sherman introduced in the Senate yes
terday bill to consolidate the National deb
and provide for its payment. This bill will III
over until the next Congress-
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

The Fax Bill passed the House of Repre-
sentatives last evening The income tax has
been altered so as to levy five per ct. on all
incomes over $1,000, with allowance fol-
house rent The tax on whiskey is unchanged
at So per gallon Cigars are taxed uniformly
at S. per thousand Though the tag on
cotton was taken of in committee, it was
restored in the House The bill has yet to
receive the action Of the Senate
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

CT any SlllI part OF the pTcuiiStS. "t1 ~
unaware, that this power is supposed to be
found in the fourth section Of the act OF 1907;
1t provides that the title of, in and to each and
every piece or parcel Of land. upon which the
tax has not been paid within sixty days, alter
the commissioners have fixed the amount, shall
become forfeited 10 the United States, and upon
the sale hereinafter provided for, shall vest IN
the United States or 10 the purchasers, IN lee
simple, free from all prior hens inCumDranccS:
right, title and claim whatsoever.
do not think this section vii! sustain tbat
constructions it must be icu1enii 2'cd mat
by the first secion OF the act OF 1862, the tax
was con ttuted lien upon the land. upon Which,
it was charged, and the wise men WHO framed
this law, could never have designed the mere
non payment Of the tag, to have vested IN the
United Sta.cs All absolute estate III fee Simple:
and when they use The words forfeited to tie
United States, they designed merely 'i'"' tie
u0we: Of sale should attach ior he amount q
the lien charged upon it. Ii not 50 why require
that the land sc sold upon notice as the property
Of the owner, and why require the cJnImi-
sioners 10 certain event to bid oil the same
for the United States? Ill they couli have de-
signed vas, that upon the failure - pay, the
lien should be enforced, juSt IS il mortgage
were i0licicd the mortgage having me t!Sht
20 sell the land 70 discharge ~ H. ~ '"' 'ii''
eager has the right to pay OF the lA&umDrah2c
and 10 relieve bis property rom t@e :o'ie'td!''
!, viii ,,t Ia - .s..,,,,r that thc learned i'll.
=: "'' Ds toII ~. o,.. of tine rouu>cl in
IlSt' "2 a., '",'i H., ia,r ,nno,lt ~ b.o.
lutte forfeiture eft he estate, tor they 100 "eA
knew, that il could not DC cone, except y
due process OF law.
The act then being SILENT - - The quantity
q nc sold. 10 enquire "hHtI'I ~
commissioners did exceed taein authority. In
most Of the States Of the Union the SAM rule
prevailed that obtained in the United States
Government until lSI2 tAht only 50 much be sold
az may be necessary to pay the tax ana chHT&cs,
and IN CrAnch li|3, IN Il case, upon t!c S''t."'F
Of Georgia, tina: contained 1nIs FrOv!>!oi' "hef.
Il tract Of land, continuing four DuNuFo' %iC
| fifty acres, sold, it rot appearing %H"I
! amount Of taxes were duo, Chief justice mar
shall, in deciding the case, says
The sale ought TO nave been OF 50 inUch ..
he land as would satisfy the tax in &ffe'F. ~
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

The Washington correspondent OF the Balti-
more Gazette afirms that it ia Publicly
known in Washington, that Mr.. Reverdy
johnson, has urged the President to sign the
Force bill, and advised members of the House
to vote for it. We are still increduous.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

The newspapers complain Of many of the
Atlantic Gable dispatches a. wanting in cor
rectness, and as being reports and rumors,
instead of actual, asccrtaned news .5
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

not deemed it necessary to examine hor; g, 8,
pardons which the parties have received ~, III:
the President Of the United States, vouId y. "
lieve them from tho forfeturcs RESULTING 80. -
the act Of 1865, if ar have occurred, .aSo,3;,
the law for the plaintiffs upon the other Doi,.l
Judgment may be entered in ell the casa: : .
the plaintiffs. =
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26
UNITED STATES DIRECT TAX SALES.
IMPORTANT DECISION.

The following is the opinion of Judge Henry
". Thomas, delivered in the Circuit Court Of
this county yesterday, in reference to the va,
lidity of certain sales of property, made in this
city, during the war, by the Commissioners. Of
the Direct Tax, by virtue Of acts Of Che Con
gress of the United States, It is a most able
document, and SO pronounced by the Bar wht
united with many others in requesting its pub
licatlon, and must reflect additional credit upor
the Judge, who has already won al envlabl'
position for himself, among the Judges
the Old Commonwealth:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26
ALEXANDRIA.
TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY &c.

The Presidents veto of the Force bill, was
not sent into Congress to-day, but is expected
tomorrow or next day.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

Isaac E. Holmes, formerly member {
Congress from Charleston, died yesterday.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

The GEORGETOWN ELECTION. D.
Welsh, the radical candidate, WAS yesterday
elected mayor Of Georgetown, by , majority
OF e6 votes, over Henry Addison, tie present
incumbent. The larger number OF councillnen
on the Welsh ticket were elected
Being the first election held in the District
under the late suffrage act of Congress a
great deal of interest was manifested in the
contest. The colored people voted, we believe,
almost entirely for Mr. Welsh. -
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

WASHINGTON BOARD OF TEADE-At &
meeting Of the Board of Trade, last evening,
Mr.. R. NJ. Hall offered a resolution to the
effect that Tin the opinion of the Board of
Trade the conflicting and feeble municipal
governments OF the District should be forthwith
abolished, and to this end respectfully pray
that Congress will speedily enact some general
form of government for the entire District, de-
clare Washington and Georgetown one city,
and exact such other legislation IA will make
the capital Of the American Republic the
model city of the nations This resolution
was referred to a committee OF three
Mr.. ". E. Brown offered the following reso-
luton which was adopted -
ReSotred, That a committee of three be ap-
pointed to call upon the directors of the Chesa-
peake and Ohio canal and press upon their at
tention the necessity of repairing the canal
from Rock creek to Seventeenth street, and
also to repair the outlet lock iato the Potomac.
C. & 0. CANAL-On Sunday night the
water was drawn off from his section of the
canal for the purpose of removing sand bars
and making such repairs as may be necessary
There has been no serious damage to the canal
by the freshet, and the probability is that the
work of cleaning and repairing will be speedily
completed and navl cation resumed Nat mt
The CoNovER CAsE.-ln the District Grim
iual Court, yesterday, Judge Fisher overruled
the motion in arrest of judgment in the case of
Sanford Conover, convicted Of perjury, in con-
nection with the assassination conspiracy: and
he counsel will take the case to the court, in
general term, on writ of error.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

GOLD.
New YORK, Feb. 26-Gold to-day, 1887.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

The balance Of the
TRUST ESTATE

OF GEORGE 7. WHITE, consisting os
Teas, Yeast Powders, Buckets, B.y...
Shoe Brushes. Ink JcNies, Canned Fru@.. &
gars and Tobacco, in great varictyi Port >~".
~ Cl#rct California and Champagne ".>r
jamaica Rum, Scotch W hisAcy, Bitter. (.
in bottles an casks. dcmIohns &c. i, @yw u-
frr"I for sale at reduction from usual q:...
Also, for sale, ro0r Wagons: two Day. Dbl.
Horse, one Carriage, two sets harness, So
Mil, Grain Fan, Two Trucks, lot Of Cs--
Stoves Grain Sacks, &uano, Bruce's Fertile:
Sc. This offers Il rare opportunity to p~7eAa,,
goods, wagons, &c, at low prizes 81, Care
on street.
rnG ~ II ,i. r + WHITE Trf--tr,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

1TH WARD AIEETING.-Thes~ will 81.
4 meeting Of the voters OF the Fourth IT,.
at the Friendship Engine House, on WEDEG
DAY NEXT the 9Th instant, ut = q a.
for the purpose OF nominating c&ncl4f.'r. :
the Board Of Aldermen and Common lua-
roh 2I-2. FOURTH ~ ARD
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

| US r EIV Z b
y \ supply Of English Pickles ORR
Capers, French Mustard, Lobstcrs T@mer&'.
English Sauces, Sardines. &c. for sac hr
HENDERSON < ANERl.
feb22 22i King. corner A.:-r.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26
By SIMPSON s. ATWILL, AUCTT.pc
TT s. MARSHAL'S SALE.

~
BY virtue Of al order issued BIZ the A.s....
of Internal Revenue for the It'll District Of 81
ginia, will expose, at public sale, for ca:5 :,
the highest bidder, on TU kSDAI, March :.
ut Janncy's Wharf, commencing at 10 o'cE',,.
n m, one copper still, one force pump ~.
handsome Office desk, q large lot Of Nats H.
heads. Tubs. Barrels Old Iron, Rope, Tas=,
ShoycIs. Vinegar, Cracker dust, Oh Sao-h
and Harness. Stoves. Lumber, and ya.;c,, =
other articles, seized IS the property o. +"
Palmer for violation Of Internal Keyen0c IT,.
Also. one NEW STEAM BOILER. yEe r'.'
Pump. one Arctic Rciri&c"aro@, one P,..,.
Money Drawer, q lot Of Wines, u. Of y,.'
two Rifles, and ;argc lot OF articles simI,..,
the foregoing, seized as the property os Co.,.
". Hunter, for violation Of H." IH,crns. R..
cnuc Laws. JOHN ~ DEKWDJy
rc 25.tsl L. s. Marshal, District Of VIII,
EtUBLIU SALE.-B@ virtue Of 6i,,...,,
warrant, to roc directed, | sha!! procee. -
sell. on the premises, 50. ~. King stree. 80.
the corner Of West street, VI! I'll" BAR nT
TUKES, lies, Dccuntc!s, Numbers Sheq.,,
and everything nppcrteln.hg t. ID" bs.:a.
The HOUSES, trent and rrAr Sale t. ta:er...
on SATURDAY. March . It: 70 y. n. Ta.,.
cash. ,.z
- ! H.,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1867-02-26

D ! { . n
u &hhd~ Of Hams. Shoulders and 8:l~.
fast pieces, jus! received and for .',.c .2w o..
Hen DERSUN / AZ hhl.
feb - 22G King corner Ar
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30

rRUNKENNESS CURED-&UPHAM,,s
ANTfDoTE o STRONG DRINK is sure
coffee or liquor without the knowledge of
ths patient. Price 81 a box. Sent by mail
to any address, by s. C.UPHAM Is south
Eighth Street, ~~Phlladell4lia~ Circulars
sent free. LEI 8 ~ a. , ~
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30

Dealers in Steam Gauges, Gum Beitjnl
Fire Bricks, Wrought Iron Pipes. Boltinf
Cloths, &C., at manufacturers prices.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30
Ladies, Discard Injurious Paddings.

MADAM JUE1EL'S Mammariel Balm
ia, and Patent Breast Elevators develop
the form physiologically. Depot SOB Canal
Street, New York. Send stamp for circu-
lar. Sold atsDruggistsi and LADIES' Fur
niShing Shores.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30
WANTED.

M ERC in every
l4town containing any business houses,
throughout Kentucky Tennessee. and
Southern Indiana Men ACQUAINTED with
the merchants Of their county preferred,
community almost exclusively. This, is a
good opportunity to clear a handsome
sum by a ew days work. For further par
~ticuIars address, ~ith stamp,
l. p. WALKERS co, louisville, Ky.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30
QUEENSWARE.
JAS. N. WARREN.

IMPORTERS OF n WHOLESALE DEALER IN
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30
This Is No Humbug!

10y 80, cents and stamps,
with age, height. color OF eyes n
hair, you will receive, by return mail. a
correct picture OF your future husband or
wife.with name and late of marriage. -
Address MINNIE CLIFTON.
P. o. Drawer No. 81, FultonvIle, n. "
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30
CTAR spANGIED RANNERc-

- A large 8 page Illustrated paper,
cheapest and funniest ape out. Full Of
whole year, and a gift free to ererg sub
scri5er, worth from SO centsto SIS. send
10 cents. Address STAR SPANGLED
BANNER, Hinsdale, n. H. -
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-04-30
Twelve Times a Year"


II MAGAZINE is repiete with thrilling
adventures, knowledge,
and all kinds OF the most fascinating
reading. Has a comrlete monthly record
offhe news-circufates ten Thousand copies
each M nth. Specimen numbfrs only ten
cents. Yearly subscriptions 81. 5etcthe
stamp, Il - F. /. DIBBLE, Publisher.
Louisville, Kentucky.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-07-08

in print there, she wrote stories. or
anelettes, as they are usually termed,
for other New England hebdomedals,
such as the Flag Of oar Union. GIeo-
sons Pictorial, and the rest Of that
dreary Boston brood of Behemothean
loves. Her compositions were far
above the average merit, and extreme
ly creditable for a girl of her years.
As she grew older, she wrote for bet
ter papers, and her style and scope and
thought improved.
Her first elaborate and ambitious
efforts was a romance, 1--WE have for
gotten the title) which all the pub
fishers declined, although it had thrice
the power and interest of some novels
that have enjoyed popularity. Those
who examined the manuscript said it
reminded them of Jane Eyre-a high
compliment, when it is remembered
she had never read Charlotte Bronte's
wonderful work.
She at last laid aside her initial
novel, and made no second attempt at
book making until she produced last
year In Trust, published by Lee &
Sheppard, Boston, who have sold five
or six thousand copies. 1t is a quiet,
homely story of New Jersey life. clear
in its diction and pure in It's tone, as
unlike her girlish efforts as can we'll
be imagined. About two months
since the same firm issued Stephen
Dane-a much ripper and more power
full story, revealing in some places ex-
traordinary vigor and felicity of ex-
preston. 1t is selling we'll, and is
generally commended by critics.
Miss Douglass seems to have one of
those minds that ripen as they grow
old, and her last book gives promise
she has never shown before. Begin
ming with fustian and cheap common
place she has grown to be a strong,
easy. picturesque and frequently beau
tiful and dramatic writer, with an in
sight into character and a power of
d~elineation there were no traces of a
few years ago.
The lady is small in stature, ex-
tremely quiet and unassuming, plain
in features, but go~od-looking in its
strict sense, and improving immensely
on acquaintance. She knows very lit
tie of the great world, and has seen al
tally a home body, q way-side violet,
the hedge. Her private life has been
exceedingly beautiful and self-deny-
ing. She is one of the many unknown
writer's, whose affairs of sacrifice are at
the hearthstone of their own lovely
but humble homes.
What men do Or suffer men record,
But the long sacrifice of woman's days
Passes without d bought, without word
-New YORK Evening Gazette.
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-07-08
NEARER HOME.

One sweetly solemn thought
Comes to me Ger and DER
I'm nearer home to-day,
ThanI have ever been before.
Nearer my Fathers home,
Where the many mansions be;
Nearer the great white throne,
Nearer h Jasper sea;
Nearer the bounds of life,
Where we lay our burdens down,
Nearer leaving the cross,
Nearer gaining the crown.
But lying darkly between,
Winding down through the night,
Is the dim and unknown stream
That leads me at last to light.
Closer, closer, my steps
Come to the dark abySm,
Closer death to. my lips
Presses the awful chrism.
Father, perfect my trust,
Strengthen the night of my faith,
LIE me feel, as 1 would VIII n I stand
On the rock of the shore of death.
Feel as l would when my feet
Are slipping ON the brink,
For it may be I'm nearer home,
Nearer now than l think!
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-07-08
Amanda NJ. Douglass.

This lady, though a resident of
Newark, n. j., since childhood, was
horn in this city, and is the daughter
of a ship carpenter. She began to
write when she was bout fifteen years
of age for that trashiest of weekly pa
pers, the WoUerly published at Boston,
aud made up of volunteer contribu-
tons of school boys and girls am
bilious to inscribe their names upon
the temple Of literary fame. Alter
wearying herself with seeing her name
The Evansville journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ind.) 1866-1870, 1867-07-08
JERUSALEM

Overtakers, Porte-Monnaies, anG
large depot of the celebrated "Star
Paper Collars" and retailed at q
cents per box. Large stock of the
best Irish Linen, Table Linens, Cot
ton, Linen, and Wool Table Cloths
and Covers, Napkins, Towels, Crash,
Lace Curtains. Collars and Cuffs, in
sets or singly, with w