The New York herald., 1867-04-21

backsl Imitation The note Is smaller than the genu
inc the spread eagle is very coarse and the shading OF
..Unted Statesn is badly DONE The Dill II cacuaseu "
deceive
CURRENCY MOST LIABLE IMITATION.
The above gives very fair idea OF the extent 70
which counterfeiting is and has been carried on NO
note Of lower denomination than two dollars is gwen
in the list Ney ertheless II IS the fracton currency
that have been most ns spd M
but perfect aad SO like the genuine do tney appesr mat
at one time considered loss OF time 70 question
the genuneness Of one the counterfeit passed cur
rent as quickly as the original and the older they be-
came the less liable did they become 70 the sIignt
chances Of detection OF these the number thrown on ne
country has not been ascerancd but that the amount
was very large can deny. Several arrests were
made their first appearance, and invariably the par
ties who fell the cusches OF the law were n posses
sion OF sums varying in amount from $500 70 $4,000
party OF Italians their way 70 Nashville were ar
rested year ago in Louisville Ky ana on .ne. ,. per-
money. the greater portion Of which was OF the nliy
cent currency engraved and printed we'll as certainly
from nSs stSsSo sSs 1nssd sIs.ss treasury ses M
wuRE o0UNrKRFufERs GENERALLY FAIL .
The fractional currency offered greater facilities TO the
cosnters,ers than do those blls-s5 and IPwsrds-on
era rule the imtator fails much moro In portraits than
IN outdoor scenes ss 70 the former be
not V Be found In the genuine bill and
It is o curious fact for such an uncommon face.
thar Of oil the portraits on the several denonnatons
that Of Hamilton the 1fty dollar bil has been the
most dangerously initiated and OF tho outdoor scenes
the marriage OF Pocahontas the dollar BILL has
the most imperecty copied portrait Is that OF Chase
OF outdoor scenes the Sgnng OF the Declaration OF In
dependence;" and Of names the bold signature o. e
The most successful counterfeit executed is that Of
the afy dollar United States greenback, which has do
the land, who have cashed and exchanged it readily
again and again without detecting It's real worth. The
vgnettes on the issues are very difficult and
expensive initiate. They consist Of outdoor scenes
historical pictures portraits and aiegorca figures and
so beautifully done that when IN the case OF the
nifty dollar greenback the counteeiters have IN pro-
ducing anything like good imitation, they steadily keep
70 thai one. improving on il as much as they can.
DIFFERENT WAYS or CoUSTRRFEiTING
Besides complete counterfetng, the operators have
other means whereby 70 pursue their honorable" call
ing. They very often have stolen abs,racted
felt about the bill Ii the signature and these are espe
ciay dangerous, as, II the name be Of only local inn
porance strangers are unable 70 detect the forgery on
the signature while they that the main body OF the
document Ia perfectly correct.
When counterfeters use national currency plate
and the spurious issue detected they have nothing
further to do than change the name Of the town,
substitute one, and then push the new counter
felt On again. 50 thai before the note could be com
through every town and State In the Union where there
may be Q national bank.
ALTERATION OF NOTES
very large business also done by altering notes
and bills which Is done In ways, in some cases
evincing ingenuity and invention that in another
honorable sphere would undoubtedly lead to happier
goal than the felon's CELL In cases notes are
altered by raising the denomination, which is done by
scrapng the genuine number until 1t is very thin then
pasng the counterfeit number over IT, This, however,
be detected by holding the bill TO the light when the
pasted portion will appear thicker and darker than the
remainder People neglect to take this precaution and
often suffer by the neglect the pasng is by means
unusual occurrence. Some time ago in q New Eng
land town fellow passed fifty dollar greenback OF this
class He II look thoroughly genuine by pasting
ON portrait OF Hamilton from two dollar green
back and from negectng the above caution 1t passed
through several hands before Il was detected. The
attnn0o nd currn cfr fru u0Ona nf
changing genuine bill on q broken bank 70 good
bank
higher number printed in its stead with counterfeit
die, as, for instance, from lone dolar TO ve This
however is liable to detection, as the dve" will be en-
must also be added, which will give II crowded ap-
pearance. The acid will also spread infringe the
letters OF the and take than the counter
fcter desired The paper will also be stained as can
be seen from the back On United States bills green
backs this change can be still further detected BY the
fact that the ones twos and hrees have circle Of
lines radatng from the denomination, and this circle
be found higher notes than threes Of genuine
This is very often the case In removing the names or
banks.
some counterfeiter try very laborious method for
cheating the government They make ton bills out Of
nine by cutting counterfeit note into pieces One
these pieces pasted into genuine b cutting out
piece Of the genuine OF the size In pastng
genuine bills in this manner nine pieces are obtained
which, with one piece Of counterfeit will make tenth
bil and that is the profit The counterfeter In this
is safe against loss as banks will redeem the genu
DIFfERENcE BErwERx GENUINE AND COUNTERPART N0TEs
The grand ddcrence between genuine and countsrfst
notes. the surest guido TO detection that the genuine
engraved by machinery while the others are done
by hand. The machinery employed In the engraving Is
elaborate % and snS Of such IVA
who would be afraid, II they had the CAPITAL
invest much mouey in an illegtmate and dangerous
business that may be stopped at any moment by the
officers Of the law Engraving executed by hand or
simple machinery never approach the beauty and
81 the genuine woTx ana people would only
ing between good and bad engraving, countereiting
would check indicative Of its timely, imme-
diate and certain demise.
rIiE MANUFACTURE GENUINE NOTES.
In the manufacturing Of genuine notes the chief an
most important feature is the geomeirca lathe work,
which cannot be successfully initiated. 1t produces
those fine lines that be in the bills and which
the characteristics OF the genuine note. All the
figures bank notes Of ovais, circles, squares, &c
upon which the denomination Is usually placed,
composed entirely OF a network Of these fine lines
crossing each other at such angles and distances
produce the desired eject. This fine line in genuine
work can be traced by means OF lens throughout the
figure, never breaking or losing In another line or
pursuing any irreguarity whatever II IS usually
white on a black or green ground, or sometimes red
but may be black, green red line white. On the
$40 $50, $50 and 500 bills the lahe work is really
beautiful careful comparison Of IL with the aid OF
lens with suspicious note Will at once determine tho
real character Of the bill. The patterns produced by
this lathe, which was invented by Asa Spencer Of Con-
nectcut and rst brought into in 1S1S are various
the fine line the characteristic OF them ALL Il does not
engave It's patterns directly on the bank note plate, but
upon pieces OIL SOtt oue-etRnt0 OF Inch t0ck.
This piece Is then hardened by peculiar process and
then cylinder Of soft steel is rolled over II
by means Of powerful machine called the transfer
press In counterfeit engraving the contrary the
the design Is engraved directly upon the plate, and will
fail in ways than IL will be impossible to
produce the perfect line OF tho genuine and the effect
10 the naked eye will be or less dull and sunken
appearance and sometimes scratchy look. The figures
will also be Of uncertain shade, because the lines
will be sometimes heavier and sometimes lighter Tho
lens will show the lines to be broken or irregular In
their size and irregular in their course II will also be
exactly alike. In the genuine plate, when two dies
alike both transferred" from the cylin-
being separately engraved, and by hand, 1t is i'm
possible 10 produce two exactly alike. In all
gov ernmont issues, except the old fractiona
currency, the geometrc stho work largely used and
constitutes the chief test Of genuneness There two
other kinds Of lne lines used-tho parallel aud the
swaved"-which are used In the medallion heads AS
has been already remarked these 1ne lines the great
characteristic Of genuine blls II will therefore be
necessary for the present purpose more fully
into the manufacture OF genuine notes.