Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1867-08-09


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amendments. When the Constitution of
the United States was first submitted to
the States for ratification, it.Was f0und1n
to contain what is commonly called
a bill of rights = that is, provis-
ions containing Limitations upon the power
of the government. The advocates of the
Constitution said this was unnecessary.
Why? Because there was nothing granted
to the government except what was clear
ly expressed In the letter of the Cnstitu-
tion. But to make assurance doubly sure,
a large uumber of the States to which the
Constitution was submitted, Recommended
amendments constituting bill of rights.
l will call your attention to the tenth
amendment. = il provides that the powers
not herein expressly delegated to the Gen.
eral Government are reserved to the States
and the; people thereof. Nov, to go on
after that and say that the Federal Gov
ernmens has any more power than has been
delegated to it, and that it can do any Eof
the various things which it is prohibited
in this amendment iron, do ing, ,is just SIM
ply absurd. l have no time to go through
with the consideration of this particular
branch of t e subject, but Lwill refer you
to the fact that this COngress-this party
in Congress-have treated all these States
az States, down to tine PASSAGE offhesefate
reconstruction measures. They have sub.
mitted amendments to the Constitution to
them, and upon. their votes. .theyahave been
adopted. There have been, sppointed for
them Judges, Marshals, and United States
Attorneys who have been confirmed blythe
United States Senate, and all at once
they wake up to the belief that they
are not States at all, that they are all out Of
the Union, that indeed they have made the
rebellion successful, dissolved the Union
aud set up an independent Government;
that we have conquered the country from
that independent country, and must treat
it as a conquered province. There is a
point of time when military occupation OF
a conquered country is sustained by the
laws OF nations and of war. Itis the time
extending from the subjugation OF the
country TO the treaty of peace ceding it to
the conqueror, but if we are waiting, for
example, to have this country ceded to us,
who are we to expect to do it? Shall we
go to the CoAfederacy to get it ceded to u?
The thing runs right into an absurdity the
moment you suggest it. Amongst .0thtr
things this party promised was re-
trenchment in the expenditure and econo-
my in the administration Of the Govern
ment. They have brought US economy
with vengeance haven't othey? Ecoto-
my la leading member =otd Con gress.a
having great opportunities, to know what
he was talking about, said upon the floor of
the House of Representatives, that fully
one-t third of the three Thousand millions of
debt OF the Government was traudulently,
contracted. One thousand millions of dol
lars, then, during the administrator of
4 this party has been stolen from the Gov
ernment by fraudulent contractors, specu-'
lators and office holders. Is this economy?
They have given us economy in another.
respect. Look at the salaries paid to off,
GERS. You remember, down to the iadVeht
of these gentlemen we had very low saia-.
ries.. That was at a time whenithe Govern
-
have these ''loyalists'' done? IN olliAns
| times the Governor of Ohio1eould servo
| the State for Sl.S00. They~haTes made it
/ $4,000; and so of all officers throughout the
| Slate-they have raised the salaries of ali
i of them. But when you come into the Fed
eral Government, can only say. in gener-
!, alterms, they have neerly doubled all the
salaries and quadrupled the number of otii-I
| GERS. Look at this State, Prior to the ad-
| vent of these gentlemen, we collected, be-
! lieye, eight millions of taxes year. Last
| Year,lthe Auditor tells US, we collected over
twenty millions, For the use OF the Fed
| eral Government, prior to the accession of
these gentlemen, we used seventy to sew
enty-five millions year-got altogether
| from duties on imports. During the last
| year (1S66y the receipts of the Government
/ were five hundred and fitty-eight millions
| of dollars. And so you may go through
| with the, comparison. showing in every
| branch of the Government an enormous in
| crease of the burdens of the people in tile
I ordinary expenditures OF The G0VernmeDG.
have referred already to the immense,
! mass of public lands given away to these
| railroads. tmightgo on, to any extent al
most, and show you that during the adj,
| ministration of these gentlemen the public
| lands have been 'shamefully dissipated and
| squandered. 5H9q t9Ihr . l.oi AHiAtsino
L had intended to call your attention,
| somewhat in detail, to the financial situa-
| ht1fT o1r " iod
| of your time that / can do no more than
allude to It, although it constitutes one, OF
| the great questions for the examination and
! action of the American peoples at this pres
| ent time. Let us sit down and ascertainI'
| if we can, where we are., We owe .onIthe
| debt, liquidated and unliquidated, accord
| ing to the report Of the Secretary of the
I Treasury, three thousand millions of dol
I lars. / hardly think there are many of you
I gentlemen who appreciate tue enormity of
! this sum. l undertook 80 express it my
| self by writing it down on an ordinary
| sheet of foolscap, and having filed up one
| line, supposing had got enough, a friend
/ who had gone further into arithmetic than
| I had told me would have to use part Of
another line to get through with it. 6 The
enermity of this debt is appalling, 1t is,
indeed, a mountain of debt. For the pur-
pose of paying that debt IN the
| wAynef taxes upon articles of con-
I sumption, Ohio, having about eHe7
| tenth of the population of the Union,
1 may be set down as constituting one-teuth
| part of the Union and liable, therefore, tor
| oue-tenth of the debt, or three hundred mil
| lions of dollars Three hundred millions
of fdollars! l remember very well in the
4 Constitutional Convention how ex remedy
| solicitous we were to provide for the early
| payment of the State debt incurred in
| making canals. SC. 1t amounted toi$16,-
! OO00OO.1 We hoped to live to see thegday
l when it would, be all paid, off. These gene
i tlemen in the course OF very f.w years
i have put upon US $300,000.000 and we
hardly knew it. Just' consider what it Is
1t is So 5e0.00D upon every county in Ohio,
This is great deal more, than anaVerage
county. There is, probably, taking int
} account the ratio of population and re-
sources of this county, ,hs 81 200, GEO iof thi
debt in Riehland county or about 5 00(
5 to every township. Well, but, you say,1d,
we really owe this? In reality, you do
! 1t was contracted L know by boasting o
loyalty and crying Copperhead, but II
can't be paid in that way. That currency
ment. 1t is a good, thing when you are
} going to contract a debt, to fire mems pas
sions up, and cry out about loyalty and
patriotism, but when it comes pay day
d that won't pass. .tApplause.1 What
have you got to y represent that
debb2 o In respect to our State debt
we had our magnificent public works our
J Ohio Canal and our Miami Canal. We had
Il monuments of the money that had been ex-
t pended all oyer the State benetitting the
Inhabitants. What have you for this enor-
| mods idebt?0 Can any man tell? Y0u'have
asfew muskets and bayone left. feri L set
that number of them were sent to old
" Brownlow recently to drive white men
Il from the polls, and to drive niggers up tc