davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

was commenced. The only possible heip Tor
the Turks would again be foreign anu ino
Governments of England, France anu huS,iia
undoubtedly sympathize with lurkey aS.inS'
Russia: but will they dare to help turkey III
England, since the Crimcan war; the PoPuiai
aversion to interference Ill foreiSh quaiioi'
has been steadily on the Increase, anu IL Is not
Drobable that the Tories are WILING 10 ueiy
tI,i. nonular sentiment now especially when
n,o no.sooo of the Reform bill has so largely
st,onctIcned tLc Radical party, which is almost
..;9 ;n ~ onnositiOn to q new Eastern war.
,r,,a Fu,orors of Austria and France have but
rocortIv exchanged views on the present
ospects OF the Eastern question The step
NOW taken by Russia was undoubtedly antlcl-
mated. and formed one of the subjects OF their
Conversations If we could rely on the boast
Gul language of some sem-oilicial organs OF
the two Empires, France and Austria are
determined to make stand against a really
aggressive policy of Russia III the East
Whether their boast will be carried out must
soon become apparent Any move OF this KIND
on the part of Austria and France would at
once bring Prussia to the side of Russia. Thus
war of the grandest dimensions may break
out, with Turkey Austria. and France on the
one hand, and Russia and Prussia on the
other
The further development of this Russian
Turkish complication will be awaited with in
tense anxiety. If Turkey declines to comply
with the Russian demand, and if Russia, IN
return, threatens with war, efforts VIII un-
doubtedly be made, as was the case before the
German Italian war, and in the Luxemburg
question, to attempt al peaceable solution by
new European Congress. New delays may thus
be caused, but the tide of events will not be
turned. Isolated movements in European pol
tics may be novel and surprising in their orr
| Gin and uncertain as to their end; side Issues
may for some time draw off attention from
the great questions of the Old World, ana
lead to strange. ephemerous combinations;
but the final goal toward which European sOcl-
ety is drifting with irresistible force, ap-
pears in ever greater clearness to the eyes Oh
! the interested nations. We have no lon
ger an isolated Italian, or German, or
Austrian, or Turkish question, but one central
question of the reconstruction OF Europe W nat
wise sccIs predicted aS long as fifty years ago.
il now becoming a fact. The people when
was 40 haughtily looked down upon ana
! dcspised by the council OF monarchs
and statesmen at the Vienna Congress IN
1916 has learned to understand its power
II summons the heirs of It's oppres'orS
before the bar of universal, eternal principles
and demands to know on what authority princes
can dismember nations and dispose OF them as
of chattels, according to their will and pleasure
The decisions of 1915 are declared null and
void the right of every nation to restore It's
national unity is more and more acknowledged,
and thus the way prepared for a reconstruc-
tion of all Europe on the basis of the nationali-
ty principle.
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10
THE RUSSIAN ULTINATUM.

The crisis in the Eastern question has come
at last The ambassador of Russia at Con
stantinOpe, lgnatieff, as we learn by a special
Cable dispatch to THE TRIBUNE, has, in the
name of his Government, made formal de-
mand for the cessiOn of Crete to Greece, and
for the bestOwal of equal rights upon all the
Christian subjects of the Porte. These demands
are declared to be the ultimatum of the Rus
sian Government, and an answer is asked for
within ten days.
SuppOsiIg the Cable dispatch to be entirely
cOrrect-as we have no doubt it is-the great
turning point in the history of Eastern Europe
has been reached. Whatever answer the Porte
may give to the Russian ultmatum, the power
of the last MOhammedan dynasty in Europe
will be forever broken. Should the demand
be granted, Crete be united with Greece, and
the equality of political rights for Christians
and MOhammedans be established, European
Turkey, in which there are over 100000
Christians against only 100000 of Mohamme-
dams, Will at once assert itself as a predomi-
nantly Christian people which will soon use
this newly gained influence for the establish
ment of its entire independence. A submission
to the Russian demands involves, moreover, so
great humiliation that it will hardly prove any
respite for the downfall of the Turkish rule; but
Greece increased by Crete, and now governed
by King who is nearly related to the Car, will
at once make undisguised efforts for the an
nexation of the Southern Provinces of Euro
pean Turkey, Thessaly and Epirus, in which
the Greek race prevails, and for instigating the
sem-independent princes of ROumania and Ser
via to cooperate with her in expeling the
Turks from Europe, and in partitioning the
European dominions of the Sultan. The Gov
ernment OF Constantinople is fully aware that
no reforms whatever can prevent these move
ments from taking place, for they are now
more than struggle for religious equality;
they are like the similar movements in Italy
and Germany, the yearning of nation for
selt-government and National Consolidation.
Will the Turkish Government. to which this
character of the national movements among its
Christian subjects is by no means unknown
gather up courage for precptating the decisive
cOntest9 A single-handed war against Russi,
would of course, be ended almost as soon as it
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10
MORGAN ON MANHOOD.


Gen. George Washington Morgan addressed
the Democracy of Columbus. Ohio, on the 3lst
ult., for the express purpose of proving that
persons of African descent are not human
beings and he did prove it to the satisfaction
of the human Democracy, and of himself, IA a
proud and pure -blooded Caucasian. Gen.
George Washington Morgan. We suppose, is of
Welsh origin, and every Welslman, it is well
known is lineally descended from Adam, where
as other bpeds, bearing the form OF man, come
from the Lord knows who. Gen. George Wash
ingtOn Morgan generously comedies, as a Welsh
man, certain privileges TO other white
folks with shorter pedigrees; but he has
great objection to admitting either the free
dom or equality of mankind in general. His
arguments against Negro Suffrage are all Gu
rious, but some of them are noble and pretty
enough to 'quote. "Why" he asks, "is the
"right whale never found out of the Arctic
seas and why is the sperm whale never
found in the Arctic watersf Why does the
"golden- hued dolphin of the Mediterranean
"never pass the Straits of Gibraltar, although
she swims with five times the velocity ship
"can sail 7 Why, &C., &c" And so the Cen
eral goes on to argue that blacks should not
vote in Ohio because cOndors never leave
South America; because the ostrich sticks to
Africa because there no elephants in Europe :;
because camels have two humps, and drome-
dares only one, and the poor camcleOpards none
at all. White men should rule the world be-
cause eagles rule the air. lions the Jungle and
whales the sea because sharks are not shad,
vultures are not doves, and oak trees are not
hickories; because EthiOpians cannot change
their skins nor leopards their spots Jeremiah
xiii, 23). These are the principal arguments
of this most geological General But there is
one other which, in common fairness, we must
not withhold. The Orang- -Outang of Africa is
black; the Orang-Outang OF Asia is brown!
This is what may be called a settler. But
the General has other arguments. Who in
vented the printing press9 A white man
Who invented the steam enginef A white
man! Who conquered the lightninga A white
man! To which last we expected the cOr0l-
larry, Who is Oftenest struck by lightning
The black man! But we didn't find it any
where in the speech although we found almost
everything else - horses, dolphins, Orang-
Outangs, Columbus, Bushmen, Lord BrOugham,
the Jews in Malabar fair-browed Anglo-Sax-
Ons the King of Congo, the great Democratic
party, and the Bohan Upas. q.
This speech of the Generals making is an
excellent specimen of the kind to which it be-
longs. We have read many gross of these
chronological arguments, and they are mostly
confused tumble OF half understood scientific
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

Among the many strides of invention which have
thus far made this century famous, must be men,
toned the efforts that have been made 10 produce a
machine for Setting Type. A vast deal of time and
money has been spent, both in Europe and in this
country, but little has been practically accom-
plished although it is now nearly fifty years
since Charles Babbidge gave to the world the
first germ of type-setting machine in his Calcu-
lator, which was so largely paronzed by the British
Government. Ii is true that many inventions have
from time TO time appeared, and there are several to
be found in Newfork to-day, and some of them have
been in operation for several years. but the numerous
complexities of the printing business have presented
unusual difficulties, and machine has as vet
achieved an undisputed success.
The great difficulty has been that inventors bave
sought to make simple machines, and therefore have
made them to do only part of the work but the
result of doing part Of the work by machine and
part by hand has been that the two progresses took
nearly as much time as the old method And. when
inventors have attempted more complicated mn.
chimes, they have found thcm immactcable when
put to the test of actual use.
Recently. new step has been taken. which
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10
THE N1TJONdL DEBT.


On the 1st of August, 1s6j-when our Noiun-
tccrs had not yet been paid off and our Army
reduced to a Peace footing-our ascertained Ma
tional Debt exceeded the funds in the Treas
ury by the gigantic amount of s2,;5',GS951l
1t has since been reduced to 1865
Actually maid off. S26i, ,9O6 20G
or very nearly one-tenth of the total.
Whoever, therefore, asserts that we can never
pay fairly and fully does so in the teeth of the
fact that in the last two years, with large
Military force, nearly half our country ravaged
by fonr years of desolating Civil Wai, our In
dustry disorganized, ten States out OF gear the
passions of the late conflict still active, and
with poor harvests, we hare paid tithe of the
sum, and that without thereby sending one
child hungry to bed.
OF course we can do far better henceforth.
" 1t is the first step that costs" and we have
taken that bravcly and successfully. When any
villain suggests some shiny mode of cheating the
National creditors, let us say, Get thee behind
" me, Satan !" and press steadily on.
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

promises important results. II ia machine
Tor J"sVHH0 type or making the hines of equal
and with equal spaces between the words This ma-
chine Is very small. and not very complicated The
first machine does its work well, and gives promise
that, if united with one Of the typesetting machines
it will achieve decided triumph This "a the inyen-
ton of MIR. Charles w. Felt, of Salem Massachusetts
Nh Felt has devoted the best part Of his life-mor,
than sixteen years-to this work lie has spent /,
large amount of money, and, few years since com.
pleted by far the most comprehensive composing IT,,
chine ever attempted. He has taken the nost
difficult and important part of that naohine-,,,s
justifyiDg attachment-and rcduced IL 20 a sinnle
and practical machine which he proposes to put nts
use Immediately with some composing machine. aud
then complete the remaining portions of his system
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

Cases of imprisonment for non-payment OF
church rates occasionally occur in England,
alfording lively illustration OF the beauties OF
the system which seeks to compel men to sup
port church from which they conscientiously
dissent Recently, at the Bankruptcy Court III
the City of London, a Mr.. j. b. Grant of Suf-
folk was brought up in custody, from White
cross-st. prison, seeking release from durance
vile under the following circumstances Mr..
Grant, it appears had been assessed III the
sum of 33s. I'd for church rates, which he per
emptorily refused to pay. not being disciple
of the Church as by law established Pro-
ceedngs were accordingly taken against him
in the Ecclesiastical Court, by the rector OF the
parish, costing more than $500, of which nice
little bill lie was called upon To pay one-half
This he also refused to do, and for his contu-
macy was thrown into Jail. For nineteen long
weeks he remained Obdurate, during which
time his trade creditors took all hs property,
thus compelling him to go into the Bankruptcy
Court Before appearing in Court he filed an
account, in which he satrized the claims OF
the plaintiff.
The plaintiff he said. was n journeyman i'll
what he called an establishment, and had
more than once delivered MN DlllS lOI hcINlCtN
which he never had. OF course he had refused
to pay them, for he never dealt at that estab
lishmcnt, but took the trouble and expense of
going three miles further for what he required.
because out of the thirty-nine articles kept by
the employers of plaintiff, some he regarded as
highly deleterious, and AT the branch cstab-
hshments, especially that in Broad-st., the
principals themselves were Of the same opinion,
while at the Hgh-st. branch they had a view
of their own as to what these articles really were.
Yet they all carried on their business as
sOlemnly as if they were really doing a genuine
trade, boasting that they had been "cstab
"lished' more than three hundred years, and
that all their articles had been in stock from
the beginning Moreover, fourteen times every
year they consigned him to eternal torments
for not liking some of their articles, about
which they were themselves quarreling. He,
therefore, had no dealings at the establish
nent, with what painful results to himself his
then derlorabc situation would show. The
dicial assignee, who, 1t would seem, failed to
appreciate Mr.. Grants logic, called this mad
statement but the Commissioner, on hearing
taat the bankrupt had been arrested for f215
for law costs incurred under such circum-
sanccs, said that it was enough to drive any
nan mad. Very properly discharge was i'm
nediately ordered.
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

A protest has just been made against the
Coolie trade to the West Indies which, con-
sdering the quarter whence it emanates, and
is emphatic character can hardly fail to exer-
csc a very important influence on public opin-
ion relative to that system of emigration. Hong
kong is one of the ports from which Coolies
ae shipped to the West Indies; and recently
al ordinance was introduced in the Legislative
Council by the Governor, for the purpose of
sill further regulating such emigration as is
carried on from that port, and which, it ap-
p,ars, is not considerable. This ordinance was
opposed by the Chief-Justice of the settlement
and another influential member Of the Council
Oh the ground that in view of the frightful
atrocities which were perpetrated at other
pGts in connection with the CoOle trade, the
OILY proper plan of dealing with the trade
would be to abolish it altogether. Reference
was made especially to Macao, whence from 80, 900
to40, ,0O0ICoolies are shipped every year TO Cuba
anl Peru, and it was asserted and supported
tn, Governor himself admitting the facts-that
tn. Macao COOlie trade was an organized slave
trade, that no voluntary emigration took place
at all, that the unhappy men sent away mo
wmen are ever shipped from Macao were
Kidnapped and forced into Slavery by those
wlD made business of enticing them on board
smlll vessels up and down the coast, and then
selling them to traders ut Macao. II was ar
gud that the only way for the English people
to put themselves in position to demonstrate
successfully against the iniquties of Macao
wa to abolish emigration from Hong Kong
entirely. The Governor, however, did not take
thi, view of the case, arguing that the lmpe
ria Government had sanctioned CoOlie emgra-
tioI by the act of 1885, and that the Hong Kong
Council could not run counter to imperial legis-
lation. The protestants. it is understood, intend
to h,nsmit to the Home Government a memo
rial III the subject of the Coolc trade, setting
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10
forth the frightful practices with which it is
bound up, and urging action for its abolition.

Garibaldfs son Rcciotti, challenged Brenna'
the editor of the Nd:i0ne of Florence, on ac-
count of some reflections upon the ex-Dictator's
political sagacity, which appeared in that paper
last July 1t was very preposterous quarrel,
and the duel which came of it was so grotesque
that tbe narrative reads like a fiction. The
weapons were cavalry swords, and the meeting
took place in cellar which certain Floren,
fine nobleman courteously put at the disposal
of the combatantS, going so far as to have 1t
carefully cleaned for the occasion! botn ad-
yersarics were wounded. Young Garlbaldi re-
ceived cut in the wrist, and Brenna an ugly
cash in the face, dividing the forehead and
splitting the nose. After that they shook hands
and the eye witness, from whose account OF the
affair we gather these particulars, adds, with
the utmost seriousness, that the whole party
then went up to their hospitable entertainers
boudoir "glad that all had gone Oft so well
"nothing having happened that could occasion
"muCh regret"
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

facts. with mixture of falsties and Of fancies.
They are all based upon the fallacy that the
civilization of race is impossible because it
never has been civilized, as if the Egyptian
civilization did not precede the Grecan, the
Grecian the Roman, the latter that of the
Middle Ages. There is no race of which it
would not be possible to say hard things;
there is no race, however degraded, of which
any honest man Of science can say anything
worse than that its time has not come. Da-
honey itself is not more degraded, not more
savage, not more cOarsely supeIstltlous
than were the Anglo-Saxons in their
early beginnings. What would a cul-
tivated Roman have said to the writer who
predicted the future greatness of the Britons3 ?
What would Solomon have said to anybody
prOpheSying the subsequent condition OF his
nationf What would polished Athenian have
said if the Oracles of his land had foretold the
imperial greatness of a horde of muscular set
tiers upon the banks Of the Tibcr9 The fate
Of nations is in the womb of Time the destiny
of races is to be determined by causes OF the
nature of which we can make only stammering
and unin ntelligent guesses Nobody has right
TO argue of the conditions Of African progress
in America from the state of progress in Africa
itself. To do so is at once ungenerous, cruel,
and sophistical to do so is shamefully to
ignore the essential notifications which the race
has undergone upon this continent.
But although we are sometimes betrayed into
this line of discussion by the folly of Che
George Washington MOrgans and the Pollards,
and the rest of the gentry who dabble in his
tory, and 60 about making a muddle OF all
science, and indeed of all human learning, we
always return with relief to the impregnable
position that the American Idea is that "all
"men are born free and equal" Jefferson says
they are; Gen. Washington says they are ;
Gen. George Washington Morgan says they are
not Admitting the latter Sardnt to be right
we claim that then such a thing as democracy
is impossible in the United States, and
that there must be an end OF all our
dreams of the possibility of Popular Govern
ment. Because the moment you begin to mod
ify the dogma. that moment you become
involved in inextricable confusion and SELF
contradiction, and open the way for the intro
duction of the monarchical or, at least, the
aristocratical scheme of government, for which,
we confess we are not quite ready.
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

A New-0reans paper, in speaking OF the
yellow fever in that city, reprehends the course
of the press abroad for exaggerating and the
press at home for belittling the real facts.
Our cotemporary cogently argues that the best
way is to tell the truth promptly and fairly,
since now. in the variety and untrustworthlneSs
of thousand rumors, the public know not
what TO believe, and hence the press ltseit
loses the confidence of the people and becomes
a damage instead of blessing. This logic Is
unanswerable yet we find high officers OF state
and low officers of municipalities holding from
the press most important news, or giving IL III
niggardy and amputated portions, or pleading
that the press must not do or say this or that
true thing lest somebody should become
alarmed. Men are often enough frightened by
falsehood but the instances of serious moral
or physical suffering under the application OF
plain truth do not occur to any alarming
extent
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

Did anybody ever hear of an employG of the
City Government working more than eight
hours per day. Has any one of them descended
to an early grave through undue labor from
early morn to dewy eve' If Motif the sleek
incumbents of municipal offices and desks
saunter calmly to their posts at 10 a. M, and
depart therefrom as the City Hall clock peals
the hour of 4-then why did the Aldermen
yesterday resolve that no more than eight
hours shall hereafter be required upon city
labori Because there is an election at hand,
and the laboring men constitute power at the
polls which the city jobbcrs consider worth
conciliating
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10

The English Mormons held their annual con
ference at Birmingham recently, and zone OF
L" the twelve apostles named Franklin Rich
ards, improved the occasion to make speech
about the rumOred schism in the paradise OF
the Great Salt Lake. He assured his hearers
that there was very little in it; but from the
earnestness with which he tried to convince
them that the great prophet, seer, and reve-
lator," Brigham Young, stood in no want of
their support, though he would be very glad to
have it, disinterested persons will be likely to
infer that Apostle Richards feared there might
be a great deal in it after all. From the report
of the proceedings at Birmingham, it appears
that the Mormon Church in Great Britain com
pIises II branch conferences, 90 deacOns, 7S
elders, 2j preachers, and 80 priests During the
past year IA members have been excOmmuni-
Gated for apostaSy, and 81 have emigrated.
New-York tribune., 1867-09-10
OBITUARY.
LOUIS DESIRE VERON.

A Cable dispatch announces the death of
Loas Desire veron of the most celebrated pubcists
The deceased born at Paris April s. l79s and be-
gan public life as physician. He wrote one book on
medical SUBJECTS and by successful speculation in some
patent medicine acquired large fortune but soon re-
nOuDced the medical profession devote himself 10 iour
aasm From 1881 to 1888 he Director Of the Opera
when he again very successful especially in nnan
.al point OF view. In 1888 he candidate for the
French legislature but beaten. He then connected
amseli with the C0nstiOrnei Of which be became in
ts, the sole proprietor His paper the organ OF
Thers After the revolution of ls45 the
was conspicuous for its violent opposition TO the radical
aud socialistic policy advocated by NJ Ledru Roin.
Later IL was ardent supporter OF Louis Napoleon, and
a this policy NJ Veron adhered even after Theirs had
oined the Opposition NJ Yeron elected candi-
late OF the Government TO the Corps Legslat in 1852
md 1851 OF the books published by NJ. Eeron the best
novu is volume Of personal "reminiscences published
n 1885 under the title Of Memories dUH bourgeois de
Paris which. its first appearance produced quite
ousatiOn
HENRY S. COMMAGER.
Gen. Henry s. COmmager, who did good SER
vice during the commander OF the 9th Ohio Reg
meBt died OF yellow fever last week Galveston Texas
DEN CoDmager belonged In Toledo, Ohio, and
prominent Democratic politician there, having been the
candidate for Congress In 1894 against the Hon James NJ
Conservative Republicans He had lately been employed
IA the Internal Revenue service.
WILLIAM HAGADORN
William IIagadorn, late editor Of The IrOy
y n Iadget, died ut Harlem yesterday