New-York tribune., 1867-02-27

tiles with dvisions The birds ana the mannlala.
Iaois called iu.a 1yi.teUr@ Mark that the |
'r;nsmuatiun doctrine assumes mat animals arc de,
rived FROM another ard thar there is primitive cell
formed from which all animals may have been evolved.
The dOctri, is that all verebraes are descended from
one praitive vertebrate that all arleuAss aTe & de-
Ecende'. from primitive ticulate that an nousks
ARE T dS;ysS FROM FROM ONE ne o ss ans that those
four yrimitiye types are derived themselves rom te
forsatous clements which are acting wherever |
lchf moisture and matter brought into contact with
ny Carl voc by Biichner, by Czobe aud by all those
WAC have advocated the transmutaton doctrine on the
ground that everything which exists has started spont
ne0usy from the formation Of prmtye cell under the
influence o light acting upon matter Molesehotts paper
on the action OF light upon matter in organizing |
beings IL Of the most striking productions OF
that school, Darwin and the English defenders of the
uansmutation doctrine present il in somewhat differ
light They that the first impulse was given
by an Intellectual power and that ms impulse mas re-
suited Ia unfolding III an evolution out OF the Hrst
germs created OF all that has followed Ihe doctrine
which support is that is not only the lew whcn were
started in the beginning by creative act, Dut the
a %a9 creation aS 'Na Ms cd 6S 6St that the Creation
has gone through all and that under the direct
which exist have been brought about. [AppauseJ
These gcnerazaons Now let us see what the facts
to the fact, whether the English Transportation
doctrine whether the doctrine OF speca
the fact and If the latter is the
tnen shall have proved my statement tat We are
not the lineal descendants Of monkeys, but we are
ons 6f an intellect are made in his resemblance
Applause say these are interpretations Let us see
to the and ascertain how close they come
TO the translation have presented Pogps have existed
from the beginning They are found IN thc geoiogie;
formations they are found through al geological iorhl,
the oldest geological formations through all geological
formations and they exist now; ana ech3e,,n5S %5 naa
| geological formations and they exist now.
So we have three classes of radatcs represented from
the beginning Lately fossil has been discovered IN
Canada aud described, which purpors to be the flrst
animal living earth. Whether it he an animal is not
point, and within the last rev .nnid,,n mouths
ltrIa thor
not the remas OF LYING @ Deihe, e hec ohseryiy y
lions which far out Of the path of all information
obtained before reject these observations unt they are
fact say, let the Aozone Canadensis out OF conS
Grafton, mtIl II Is known that 1t was hvhg Dcimg,
and m its structure Is 50 lar disclosed tht S1lnc
! theory be predicated concerning lts aItmteS'
Among molusks We have biyalVe shells eAshS rom ron @ @
Oldest time to the present day; ana unisnse s'i9 %
chambered cels'eXisting from the Oldest time to tg
present day Among worms we nave taose WIN so r
have thcmfOm the oldest time Among insects the inst
aud belong TO the carbonifcrous period and not Dc
fore Ihen among NeittnIatts We nay, 80 i9 ,o IN W.
you fishes from the beginning Notwithstanding the oD-
reptiles from the carbouerous period. We have BIRDS
either from the TTassic or the Jurasso perod-u Is
! from that period You see then how many classes
We had from the beginning, and how many OF tbeS9
were cOtcmpOraucous with one anOthcP Can IL ne sald
that animals which were cotempomneous were descend
ants of another that animals which appeared To-
gcthcr the time derived one from the oeri
Certainly not. IL is not So We have AT least so many
beginnings ms are representatives. Of these different
classes In the earliest strata. But this is not all The
poIyps have existed from the beginning through all
est while we have polyps q much higher grade LIVING
The acalephs of the oldest times are among tc
lowest, while have acaiephs OF mueh hsher grau
! living now The echinoderms existing then were, OF
the lowest order d Se seems %S ns an these fYSes had
been improving; as II they had undergone changes ana
a. II those changes had led successfully TO something
higher So IL seems. but II l. not because while We
have polyp now, which are superior 10 those wbrh iof
ery Hycd have 10y the side " tem p0yps when are
~ low ~ the earliest known. Inc luh'tohs a,u S, ,
the present time the same as those ehshug az
the earliest cp0chs The crinoids To day are ~ w "s e
earliest known. Now would ask, what started these
riHple forms into desire aud gave them capacity 10
"c cnoi,h i'm the direction OF something hgheri What
gave the power at the same time 10 remain on the
! We have them We have cert ain lowest forms rising
gradually higher and higher, and We have the lowest
forms hy the side of the higher NJ the samo time 30 th
We should have according 10 the transmutation doctrine
beings capable OF changing themselves ana az me same
time remaining ~ they were at the SANE inc niuehces
which would produce change and which would prevent
change from going say that IS not logical. and
that doctrine which has lacts against It so slarng,i
not true Interpretation OF nature We have the same
here with molGsks have the lingula the lowest
b bpnaIo ehsh th""n y" ,S a"S, thS, Th i ~,trr mus
! Giles, Of a higher type. Nhat started the Ingna
tmcsccurcd TO It a condition in which ii should not
changct do not know physical force. aud do not
such results. But know that mind can do st. know
m nb Tf hc S Ha o at yer @ nr Of pfecon e he can
do II in such manner that the records may be the cyl
dcncc o his gradual progress and IN the end may be the
evidence Of his highest culture, which at the same time
hpmay record only for mcmorys sake. the dongs Of
matnrer year, III, just that which we read in
We have the carrier manifestations OF creative power
and and we have So the Sr tier and ae higher ~ Sf
productions the reproduction, as were OF what had
been beginning This is % he traced In the CASTER
opod OF which we find the lowest forms here at present
II il the with cephalopod OF which the earliest
forms here now and by their side are the nautill
and all the variety OF cephalopods belonging to our day
80 is with the worms So II IL with the crustacea so
may IL IL also with the insects though that class be
gins only the carbOnerous period The TACT that te
Insects begin only in that Is another indication OF the
working of mind Ia this process For during the earliest
periods of the ears history the whole O it surface was
covered with water There was no land no terrestrial
animals But when vegetation began TO be extensive
and especially terrestrial vegetation, we have the first IN
dleatiHn OF lnnd animals IN ,ne pIo9nctoh "t hose o
nature has undergone successive changes that animals
and plants have made their appearance or Is IL the
phy steal change which has called into existence these
living bcngsl have the physical changes as they have
taken place been directed In such manner as To prepare
the home upon which living beings could be distributed
In suited to the conditions prevailing on the
world In all IT, changes been productive or the organic
| world. has there been an intellectual power |
that the physical condition should be brought about by
which the living being should ma an approlIh,e h nome %
sprung upon earth because our earth had become what
was has the earth been prepared for man. That he
might develop In that way his capacities the most ap
prOprate manner upon Its surfacef III we look ~ tho
of the succession OF NertCbrates we ma an answer
10 that question. We find first that fishes have existed
as long the surface Of this earth In the condition
during which all these aquatic animals could alone exist
Then reptiles have called into existence just at the
time when the'land above the sea had become extensive
enough 10 put forth proper abode for the large |
masses of reptiles al the earliest periods find after
ward the Introduction OF birds AT the time whch our at
musphcre had deprived Of its accumulation OF ear
bon before which birds could not breathe. The accmu
latiOn Of coal in beds, in the carbOncrous period freed
the atmosphere this element which had existed In sueh
proportion at earlier period that the existence OF
war-boOded animals would have been Impossible Here
is ply fact which preccdcs the introduction of these
living beings which required purer atmosphere. Now
the question is has this freeing OF the atmGsrhfre S ,he
| birds and mamlnana, or nave tne pro |