Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1867-03-19
.,asilenk Erom the New York Werldll ri aer IL
Ancient Glaciers of the Tropics

and publish our report now. sfit.. = s -
Professor Agassiz said - geilIss ~ 40 ,fl
LADIES AND 0ENTI EN- ENs JJnderth press
ure of materials accruing for presentation
at,the close OF nv last lecture, omitted
twosstate1nents which would now supply.
In the first place, IwOuld say for those who
seek for felaxatihn and pleasure in travel.
that the Valley of the Amazon is easily ac-
cessible, e,oBee. a month from New York in
comfortable steamers, and from Para twice
month for theswhole length of the ANA
1on, with aceotRmod odations Sc comfortable
that our best river steamers have nothing
better TO offer. i The other Statement /
would make for the benefit of those who
look fofward 70 the progress of commercial
relations, that Brazil and especially the
Valley efthe Amaz0n,, hassaH the spices of
the ESst47the ,pepper the alcove,d the nut
meg, the camphor,-and the like have been
cultivated in the neighb6fhood of Para,
and might becultivated to such advantage
that that country could, under skilful man.
agenent, share the benefit of the commerce
which is now exclusively in che hands of
European nations. md now let me call
your attention to the subject of this even
ing's lecture. At first would say few
words upon the interest which attaches to
the subject of glaciers. 1t is not long when
the subject of glaciers was AN accident in
the study OF ply steal geoIogyaS They were
mentioned as curious acoumuiations OF
snow, iornaed on the summit OF certain
mountains, ana aoolng 20 t1ne DeauCy OF tne
sceher put bne ilhterese on giaelers ala not
then go beyond thaC which Is derived from
the picturesque beauty of these masses OF
snow ana Ice. LII Is no longer so3 line
study OF their formation, the study OF the
changes which they undergo, the study OF
the greater. extension of the range which
they occupied in former periods, the signs
Whlcn nave Deen traced OF their presence
IN countries Where they are no longer, and,
a fr n 40 uO Fu
Iar from the regions where they occur at
PTeSenGs nave satlsned- geeloglsbs tnat our,
gloDe mas undergone changes OF tempera-
C4Fe winch were HOT a6 all susPected Deiore
Cnese eseClnyestlgaPlons were MADE; ana, II L
am not mistaken: snallsee aple To-day TO
prove 20 you Gnat there was a Time, preced-
lux p1tnSQIageiy tue sIaCe vi IhluSs -WnlcIl
prevaiis new upoq tne sur1aceoI our gloDes
anu !oiioWlng the i2sSg great geotoglcal con-
Vuislons Wnlch na9e mace our glOoe What
IL is now. curing which 6he whole surface
% sne Sartl was CoVere'is py MASSES OF ice ice
oS sIien, as asecou 0 as tllose
Wh!cn hoW-a,ddys are ieeaGe0 IN Che arctlc
regions, SO IlaG pSriOafpio intense coia
WoeI1 nave IGiloWea 5thls ny per-Iroplcal
PERIOD IN geologlcal history Whlcn nave
preceded tne coming OF man upon Ohe
eSrCn' Ii ehls oe 50, you see IhaC the STUDY OF
ElacieIs may WeiiueseTVe our aC.entloIl. IN
oruer 10 De aole 70 Track Ghe glaciers every
1hey are no longer, II IS necessary 20 De ac-
q4alntea WIN the Signs whlcn they leave'
NnEls siey nase Vee,.' YELL wnen : tney sus5::apT
ReaL, W ueco"e IaunIiiar Will 1ile I1olce7 lS.
Clons Vi Slell I aIinier Presence3 anu t, Il IilS
o;arS onS 49, pe ,e"olou 1'uuy VI Cue sia
clS{s I 60 tney are h9wiat WIN, WIN, Inefeioret
yUui @ ooSouIiIu, S II 81 " Iue M euu Iles "a
tnO lu Se pssI
Sunl'iee y. s,uu!ans Ine s!acieIs VI our
uaye. an9 cHon sIeo.,,liIy ihrICe you 70 trdV-
81 oStI enosS EeS,ollss over ,Inlcl Gne gia.
cIeIS C1euiselyes It ~ nave moves, anu perhaps
snnsof % to.day I'd I shines. ines there was was '," at one
Sull VI Sn.nee'l ChcIS was az one V,le
T1nT WlM- Hela Vi ice eAeehulng over the
Yallsys.3l kne .Amazo1' exSenolhg 10
dsue eeno ACiaileIe, anu pernaps eI ~ coVer-
ny tlle sea ~ sucu an e4Vels ttiaC tiie ques-
CIot 11ey IaIIly Oe .asSe1i. & as ~ - now askeu
oa Slie olar eglons, ,WheIhes tnere was open
WaCer unueF Tue tquabor'a % iar, 40 pe-
1leNp, Cno STIuohoe SOoS. oo eAlSnsIVe' aIil
ke1Slsnsuf Lasrte enS cuaISes vi CSh hperA-
GHIS upon, Ine, SURFACE 1ot OUT gtoDe peen'
- Iilis tgs Ie so,.yp9 see as Snce HOW tnls IN
Cense coiu lnuss nave tilouiileu s,le surlace
SL Gne gioDe 70 cne eA.enC Oh eXciuuihg iIIe
AIoM fCo eoIIaco, oi iHCeFrupIIiS Cne nor
nai couiae W WA guIetionlenac .ISs anu pre-
PaLIns eue gu laco VI Ghe eatCu loE Ile new
c.eaelon @ ~; wulcu FA1ses upon IL: a!Cacn
s:ea1lIn II porLance, ~ uaPullos9pulcalp poinS ol
Hlom, " cle ss.iuy Sta ILLS ice PeIlou, oe
- ~ ~ oa ~ I St S'G ii
Mns vlleS Sne conuicion VI 3u[ II eItll' IL WIZ
e..o ~ liiS VI .ie VI
Cl''l one So ol .ne alil
5 ais eMniSh -nxe - INV, run snuse 1a: oL pas'
uaJs, - cue- al tle Ivoe ny ults W1nCer,
WHICH puC an ehu ~ alllIVlhg Delngs on Che
surface OF Tue giooe-s y VOW Wnat are GA
cleTsf Aecumula1lons Oh snow ana ice
StSaeuuuaIy passing !rotn q ilore snowy con-
1tgtoll Ll.v niolo lcy auu, ~ sue
PycSss y. elllS irU'n Tue
Is mleLe 4S Sle snow iSsils ~ llito tne [S
EtV!Is WneIe .sllo leS anu slloW HlelC. 41
taaslrt app9SaaanlcSz 9S.s SnGy presehC uausuai
.H.y u @ s-ioT ~ WtilSn ~ f''
- to ;n SuT t slle sd
VI Ou Sno P.elue "lS'iln CLlo AasOloe, nae.DS
Only where tlle average temperature OF Tue
4tE Is ABOVE %. heFe.Ghe average tenn
PeraGure remains DeloW 81, cue snow may
accunuiaee, D9s Wnere large masses accu-
InuiaCe IL may, II IL moves from the place
Wnere II Ialis, De PreseaVeo even Wnere Gne
CEmpeiasuEe .lS ABOVE oz. 1Cls WnaG takes
place Ia the Alps: we nave, unfortunate,
~, no glacler region or the eastern side o.
Mils continent. Inere are glaciers only 10
Cne Rocky Mountalhs. ana aiong Cne Wnole
[auge ol nigu summltS Wnlcn e1Ienu from
Ohe ROCKY mountains TO the southern ex-
CremICy OF south America, ranging IN
height according to the average tempera-
Cure at different levels. Within the Arctic
region the level at which the snow remain;
permanently on the ground Is at the level
OF the sea. And this condition OF things
preVaHs on Cnls con6inenG, especially In It's
eastern part, from there to the south, then
in Europe, and Northwestern Asia. And
from shat lever, which Is ABOUT the SIX
IleGn degree OF nortnern LATITUDE to Green
Ianu, Whlcn Is ABOUT tne seventeen degree
OF northern lal 1tuqe IN Europe, from tha
level the snow fields remain permanently
on the ground at higher and higher levels
as you approach nearer and nearer tht
tropics, to the extent that in the tropics tht