New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1867-10-25

dal0p Paris notwithstanding it's partt uary dry sub
col and ts drier climate, the sanitary, SataTy, evils
of the architects construction appear TO DO even
greater in London Partisan builder Of consider
able experience the assurance that IL unsafe 10
occupy any hOnse IN Paris In less than year AFTER
its construction, and that there were houses in Paris
which would meyer be dry in their Ives and would al
ways act their occupants Ia going over the new MODEL
dwellings constructed for the Emperor, marks 81 damp
were observed upon some of the walls although they had
been erected nearly TWO years. The concierge VINO
showed them suffering from gIievous rheumatic af
fectiOu, and the occupants had had muoh Illness ahoh-
them, from having occupied the hone ~ too soon.
OF another difficulty the report says: C0mplains,
found were msdc in another set of the model dwellings,
10 which the jury had proposed to accord medal Ofthe
interior quality Of the tile pavement Of the rooms And
certainly he common tile or brick Aoorings-espccaly abb
sobent tiles aud tiles which conduct heat rapidly some
OF them dO-are detrimental to strength cooRwho
suited her master. eminent manufacturer gave hln
notice quit she found that she could not work 50
wen without detmen 10 health, on tie brick or tile
floor Of his kitchen she had done nv kitchen with
wooden floor. lie found that number OF his female
tile floors. He could not be persuaded Of these
different results and 70 try them, he had wooden floor
walk mp and down for length Of time, with one leg on
the tile and the other the wood, when he found that
the leg on the tile floor sooner became cold ana tired ana
be convinced. lie had wooden floor laid down In
his mandatory and his benevoeuce rewarded ana
worl, from his people. If the tile. however, he Of good
quality dense, and nonconductng, or the oor be hol
low and warmed. which would be practicable In largo
buildings the conditions are altered In favor ~ tile 0os
In one set Of model cottages to which prize had been
awarded Or advances upon other points, complaint was
made to me by the housewife or another set of hcOhVe
hences 10 when the common nosoet9 "m WI IthnS
they are comparatively thick they are pcrneabe ~ a
high decree to sound as well as 10 damp ana me hepG
they could hear through the wall what was said In Tie
bedroom OF the house In consequence Of this an
nOyance they paid extra rent for an end house In
which the inconvenience would he confined 10 one sac
The OF hollow bricks ia recommended ~ avoiding
many Of the evils which have been cited In the ordinary
material. The Importance Of having all walls surface q"
surb materials A. win wpsb il strongly urged The best
specimen Of n sanitary walSuface found In class "a
~ the russian department OF The Exhibition, III Tue
white pottery large exterior surfaces OF stones maufac
Inv Of
trries asse, ted that Inv machinery II there were sl
Gent demand, ornamental crracotta lmpermeablc tile
surfaces may lie produ at charge below that OF u-
LEVIN Stone for architectural construction
NJ Fcrrand the architect Of the model dwelling OF the
Cooperative Society Of Paris makes his walls OF hollow
would bo insufficient for hearing purposes, but The wall
is held together by iron columns beams and
OF the hoow-brick cottage constructions win hollow,
brick fiat roofs well as walls, In England Is reported
that ~ anticipated they are warmer III WINTER ana ooo
or IN summer than Vie common CONSTRUCTIONS; Wie Oh
ancient hollow floors that are warmed 10y not ar .nder
meath them, II is declared that the warmth derived from
their extended Surace Il more C"nloftaho ihah udl ue
rived from any other mode OF house-watinng NJ Fer-
rs means OF equalAng temperature. no opens Wy
space between the two hollow walls ut0 the cave or eel
lar hccah the ground floor from which the air crcnatrs
between the walls Inc arr oi the cave Dlhg couel ~
summer and warmer In Winter ~ extremes OF teupeid-
ture an the outer air. this inner structure Of ar serves
10 maniain cqrH temperature IN the interior hollow wall
and IN the wall surface Of the The principle ~
construction has been applied m hospital lnts ~ not
climates, reported successfully. TIE hollow 81 inc
double wall Is also applied as means Of producing cur
Ivy Of the wall itself Of its advantage as noncondctor
Of heat and of sound Of its economy OF space ana o the
general advantage Of this rOncad construction, tero
Mr. CGadwick SAYS: of the hollow brick I've made Of
the usual size, the gain is chiefly in the quality Of the
brick and there is little advantage In the price Of the
manufacture But there is gain II the cubic
which directed 10 he prepared for ilc Prince Coiso
was submitted to the late Mr. Thomas CHtt the eminent
builder and contractor, with walls ~ hollow brick. each
of size Of twelve Of the common bricks ana The 9i
A. ca and IS for the common brick wall SET IN moriar
tie whole cottage with improved qualities and washable
walls costing % per cent less than The common oc con
suciIou. There is, however Important material OF
which extended adaptations from all parts OF Europe are
displayed IN the Exlbition-ianty Portland ctnrli-
in various forms of concetes, that appears 20 present
great aud earlier facility Of individual use. with the least
amount Of skilled labor. III II proved llli with proper
tion of from One-fh To Onccshth Of Portland cement
to sand. gravel small stone wall may he made one
third stronger tlan common bIck"u,k or WIN cnicfre
wall may he made OF equal strength with oc rd TIE
thickness Of common brckwok and Of equal thckross,
Hn"ut Ohe-nhl the plee. nc common DIIvH ""foi,s,
about - per cent Of water Tie cOuCcc wall does not
quarter that time III drying and when nndo Of lhc harder
stOne and properly set II may be said to be micme"ic
to wet. In the French Exhibition Of buildng materials
there u very interesting collection ~ specimens ~ colt
crete flrm Nicats cement Nihch Is nearly ue She -
Portland with tahlctups for wine tavcrs Of polished
stone, held together like mosaic work los the crmcnt rs
wen as stone Tor root ana r"a" pavement Hhd ".'ks Tor
walls. I'm the North German apartment FROM Tie man
uiactOry at Bonn there are are" tiles made OF Portland
cement with cOlorcd concrete iaciugs, worth cNnWuiug
also very good SculVtuul casts and objects OF
external decoration. But The chief development ct tho
application Of cement to concrete constc ious l. made
by NJ COgnet, who by machinery, brushes siunc INTO aS
fine sand ana powder lac can Crt IT, aud miNcr the
materials Of lime ana cement aud hy pressure produces
specimens Of euOrm0us strcugih-whrn powdered granite
pOphyry used, OF strength approaching to that Of
the original stone. IN me aIhcAe rear INC POM ~
the direction Of the IOnt do Jcua there u school
house constructed by him, with stuues ~ granite,
pOrphyry, ana other olgecte, sIctim hS ~ tho ma
ter These various specimens go TO io'cthai II objects
with the quality Of hard stone are required, ~ will he
economical to break the stone into ecesnNd rccast
It in molds with cement than to carve H. one OF We met
span proving the FEASIBILITY Of making tho ceilings aud
Of with large slab Of stone The rln
everything II made, as II were, mOnoth church al
Vesnet ncar Paris Is made Of the BctO Cognet. and the
steepe may be said 10 be mOnOth In inferior construc
lions this IL OF Importance, csers and large water
tanks made Of in piece without the nsecnF-
ity Of numerous common mOrtarjouis. Tie pro-
portions OF the beOn concrete, wereof river
sand Of good quality. cubic meters; hydraulic lime,
saked IN powder cubic meter; heavy Paris cement
considered equal 10 Portland cement, go koeraumcs
In lS4S | got some trial works maze Tor the uso
Of concrete for public Drainage amt sewerage
work. do not know what cement WAS used but as ce
ments were al hat lue less understood PrOioy mo
wrong sort was used. for the report was uniayorabe
SuDseghe9uy large Iuantfls VI i"ranu od'rg' n,o
been used Tor the Thames Emhank'heht ana hr JOhn
Grant, the engineer in charge OF the works on the south
side Of the river, has made very extensive trials when
establish the great StrhSIno me la eiaI ne SA.'l
engineers Of the city OF Paris Informed me That they have
used large quantities Of the BetOn Conet for sewers for
which,, ON account oil us mohohihlc principle ana even
Of surface. ii very advantageous; and that theK
using II in the construction OF bridges ana are wen
satisfied with g. did ascertain the various costs OF
production but the price charged for this hney mahpu
ceve that in that class Of dwellings in question would
have material advantage in price oyer common ilck
IN sanitary qualities however II would have very great
advantage indeed IL was aycrred that houses constructed
of It, instead Of being unsafe % occupy within year.
would be very safe to occupy within little more than
month.
The new wall construction IL Of Portland cement, one
eighth Of cement 10 the gravel sand ana stones to be got
from the stratum Of the foundations and may be made
without brickiayers OF uasOns and with common Labor
Various forms of wasthe cob walls and Dns
III DeyOnshre-are of old date but there has been one
inconvenience in their construction, that deep trOugs, or
ncosed Of the hight OF one story were necessary
but for the Emperor's new dwellings there wa5 used 2
movable case invented by Mr.. Joseph TUT. with which
the walls may be constructed very quickly 10 any hight
with considerable gain i'm time. with Onceighth of Port
of England Is