davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
Castings and WOchi2e1'y.
ENCOURAGE HOME
~ MA NTTFA CTTTR ESI

The undersigned are prepared to build
PORTABLE STEAM ENGINES
from to 25 horse power, and CIRCULAR SAW
MILLS of any required capacity, in workman
like manner, and at prices as low as they can be
purchased IN Richmond or Baltimore, thus saving
on our railroads. Every Engine and Saw-mill
warranted, under proper usage for IL months
Repair Work on Engines, Saw-Mills, or other
Machinery done promptly, and on reasonable
terms for cash by
ROBERTS, NELSON s. CO.,
nov 6-3m StauntOn Va
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
MedJcUL.
TITLES WHITE OIL,

Prepared only by T. W. & 6. R. LITTLE,
Scottsville, Va,
Is pronounced to be the best remedy ever offered
to the public by the many hundreds who have
used it, such as Stage Proprietors, Livery Men,
Wagoners, Farmers, &C., for the following afflic-
tions, to which the horse is liable viz:
Swelled Joints, Cuts,
Sprains, Bruises,
r Saddle and Collar Calls,
Scratches Poleevil,
Fistula Sweeny, &C.,
to be had at wholesale or retail of
FRED. NJ WILLS,
Druggist, &C., Charlottesville, Va.
And VIM. S. WILLS & CO.,
Druggists and Merchants,
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
r EFFEL's PATENT AMERICAN
Ia DOUBLE TURBINE WATER WHEEL
Manufactured at Baltimore, Md, by
POOLE 81 HINT


POOLE & HUNT.
The subscribers would introduce to the public
the above wheel, of which they the sole agents
in this State, as the best economizer of water
known, and pledge themselves to furnish wheels
of this description, that will at least equal in eff
cheney the best overshot wheel in existence
Among the excellencies of this wheel may be
enumerated the following:
LIST. 1t is cheaper than any other wheel of the
same power.
ID From its small size and diminished friction,
it has one-third more motion than any wheel of
the same power.
Sd. 1t will use more or less water, and with the
same percentage of power to the amount of water
used.
4th. 1t can never be frozen up or affected by
frost in any way.
9Th 1t has given the highest effect due to the
head and amount of water used, of any wheel on
record as tested by competent civil engineers.
9th. 1t is completely finished before leaving the
place of manufacture, and adjusted for running,
and enclosed in an iron case, requiring only to
be coupled to the water wheel shaft
Circulars containing cuts, explanations and tes-
timonials may be had upon application to the
subscribers.
oct3O-3m ROBERTS, NELSON & co.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
DOOKS AND STATIONERY!

u n IdrSt dSSUrGIntHJ TOT StIIe Dy
T. NEWTON KURTZ,
Publisher, Bookseller, Stationer, Dealer in Paper,
and Blank-Book Manufacturer,
No. ISL West Pratt street. opposite the 'Maltby
House." Baltimore, Md.
School Books embracing all the most valuable
and popular Educational Works now in use, at
the very lowest wholesale prices.
A large stock of Blank Account and Record
Books always on hand or made to order prompt
ly-ruled to any pattern, with without printed
headings-of the Best Materials and in the most
substantial manner.
Books, Magazines Music &C., neatly bound
in any style.
trade Anril 24=1v&
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
DURKE'S IRON WORKS.

nd STAUNToN, VA.
STOVES! STOVES!! STOVESl!!
am now prepared to furnish Cook Stores of a
superior quality and patterns which are equal to
any made in Yankee-land and at prices as rea-
sonabte. Persons buying my stoves can have the
repairing at small cost-whereas, if you buy Nor
thern Stoves single plate will cost half as much
as a aew Stove am also making an European
FIVE PLATE STOVE, which is an imfalli6te
remedy for smoking chimneys
1 am also prepared to do all kinds of
JOB WORK at SHORT NOTICE.
I am still making the
BEST LIVINGSTON PLOW
encourage home Industry. Terms Cash or Pro
duce at market rates.
A liberal discount made to the trade.
oct 23-tf w. A. BURKE.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
MERCHANTS AND FARMERS,

am now prepared to fill all orders for the
FAMILY HOMINY MILL
tested for the last five years and 0re the
best mill now in use. Retail price, So No fam
lily should be without one Liberal discount to
the trade For sale by
RICHARD CROMWELL,
Sole Agent; Manufacturer and Dealer in Agri-
cultural Implements, Field and Garden Seeds
Warehouses 46 and 49, Light Street, Baltimore,
Maryland. re- Send for Circular.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
/ SUPERIOR aENaEDY.-W,

n scientiously recommend to those suffering
from distressing cough DR.. Strcklands Mel
lifous Cough Balsam is one of the best prepare
tons in use, and is all that its proprietor claims
for it. We have tried it during the past week,
and found relief from most distressing cough
1t is prepared by DIR. Strickland, No 159 Syca-
E. S. Eichelberger and p H. Trout and by
druggists everywhere march Is, '66-1y
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08

Studied up while sittin onto the Piazzy fence,
watchin of the American Flag wavin from the
Liberty Poal, and techin off of crackers
now and then on the forth of july
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
Baltimore Advertisements.
nIANOs. PIANOs.-JOEL ETTING1

DIANOS, PIANOS.-JOELE TTINGER,
i Staunton, Va, Sole Agent for Stief's Pre-
MUM Pianos, Factory "a and Sc Camden Street,
near Howard, and 45 and At Perry street, Balti-
more, Md. Warerooms No. 7, North Liberty
street, near Baltimore
These instruments have been before the public
for the last thirty years, in competition with the
best makers of the country, and are now pro-
nounced by all the leading professors and anna
teurs the best Pianos manufactured. These in
struments have all the latest improvements and
are warranted for five years. with the privilege of
exchange within II months if not entirely salts
factory to the purchaser: Second hand Pianos
and Parlor Organs from the best makers
REFERENCEs.-Gen. r. E. LEE, Washington
College, Lexington, Va; Rev. r. II. Phillips,
Va. Female Institute Miss Mary Baldwin, Fe-
male Institute; j: c. Covell, Principal of Va
Institute, for the Deaf Dumb and Blind; j. w.
Abby and A. J. Turner, of Staunton. A call is
solicited Terms liberal nOv6-1v
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
DratQS g. Medicines.

UNLIXIR PYROPHOSPHATE IRON
EL with CaIisaya Bark, one Of the most soluble
and efficient preparations ever offered to the pub
lic We have prepared this Salt of Iron in the
most accurate manner; using the purest Sherry
Wines and can assure the public that it is not the
least injurious to the teeth
dec4-tf DIR. WAYT & BRO.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
Al LAL IISI OF ARIICLES IO :
Sold for One Dollar Each.

IUO DIAMOND Rlngs, cluster ana single
stone to 26O
175 Gold Watches, ......................85 to $50
500 Ladies w Watches. ......."6O to lOO
500 Silver Watches. ....................2Oto IS
Diamond Pins, Brooches and Ear Drops La
dies Sets of Gold and Coral, Jet and Gold, Flor
entine, Mosaic Lava and Cameo; Sets of Studs,
Vest and Neck Chains Plain and Chased Gold
Rings, Gold Thimbles, Lockets, New Style Belt
Buckles, Gold Pens and Pencils, Fancy Work
Boxes, Gold Pens with Gold and Silver Extern
sion Holders and large assortment of Fine Gold
and Silver Ware and Jewelry of every descrip-
ton, of the best make and latest styles
ls~ chance to obtain any Of the above articles
for One Dollar, by purchasing sealed e,srelope
for Is cents.
Va Five sealed envelopes will be sent for 81 ;
Eleven for So; Thirty for $5; Sixty-fve for $40;
One Hundred for $l5.
Agents Wanted Everywhere!
Unequalled inducements offered to Ladies and
Gents who will act as such. Our descriptive cir
cuar will be sent on application.
Distributions are made in the following manner:
Certificates naming each article and its value are
placed in sealed envelopes containing the Certif-
cate or Order for some article will be delivered
at our Office or sent by mail to any address,
without regard to choice, receipt of 25 cents.
On receiving the certificate the purchaser will
see what article it draws and its value. and can
then send One Dollar, and receive the article
named, or can choose any other one article on
our list Of the same value.
Purchasers of our sealed envelopes may, in this
| manner, obtain an article worth from l to $500.
Long letters are unnecessary Have the kind
ness to write plain directions, and in choosing diff
ferent articles from those drawn mention the
style desired.
#w#Orders for Sealed Envelopes must, in every
case, be accompanied with the cash. with the
name of the person sending, and Town, County
and State plainly written. Letters should be adj
dressed to the Managers. as follows:
Sherman, Watson e. Co.,
81 & 80 NASSAU ST, NEW YORK CITY.
Oct 23-3m
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08

VEVO KaOUSEKEEPERS.- KEEP
Il always on hand the purest grain and ground
Pepper, White and Black Mustard, Sage, Gloves,
Al1spice Cinnamon, Celery Seed and Salt Petre.
For sale by DIR. WAYT s. BRO.
dec Aft
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08

Id ENNOLD's VIRGINIA HEPATIC
H. AND PURGATIVE PILLS are now dis
tributed over the State of Virginia, and in the
reach of every one. These Pills are acknowl-
edged by all who have used them to be superior
to any ever offered to the people,
Nothing is claimed for them that we do not be-
lieve to be strictly true For directions and dis
eases for which they are recommended and are
applicable, see circular and pamphlet around box
containing them. Manufactured by
VIM. REYNOLDS 81 co.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08

DEV. EDWARD WILSON'S PREP
ia, aration of the Hypophosphates and Blod-
getti for the cure of Consumption. For sale by
dec4-tf DIR. WAYT & BRO.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08
TEYWO Dad CASES or PTLES CVJRED

u by DR.. Strlcklands PILE Kemedy.-Mr.
Glass, of GAINESVILLE, Wisconsin, writes for the
has been troubled for eight years with an aggra-
waited of Piles, and his brother was disc6arg-
ed from the army as incurable The being quite
paralyzed with the Piles.] Both these distressing
cases were cured with one bottle of DIR. Strick-
lands Pile Remedy The recommendation of
these gentlemen, beside the daily testimonials re-
ceived by Dr. Strickland ought to convince those
suffering that the most aggravated chronic cases
of Piles are cured by Dr. Stricklands Pile Rem
edy. For sale by Dr. H. S. Eichelberger and P.
H IrOut and hu DRUGGISTS aunruuhnra
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08

hYSPEPSAA.-What everybody says must
~ be true. We have heard DR.. Strickland S
Tonic spoken of SO frequently by those who have
been benefited by it, that at last we are compel-
ed to make it known to the public that we really
believe it effects cure in every case therefore,
we say to those who are suffering with Dyspepsia
or Nervous Debility, to go to their druggists and
get a bottle of DIR. Strickland's Tonic.
For sale by Dr. FL. S. Eichelberger, and P II.
Trout and by druggists everywhere.
Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1867-01-08

AILS.-Pure Table Oils,
" Sweet Oil,
Harness Oil, Lubricating OIL
Machine Oil, Linseed Oil,
Fish OIL
for sale, low, by YEAKLE & YOUNG.
July lift
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
LEGAL INTELLIGENCE.

District Court - Judge Sharswood. - The
second period of the present term of this Court
commenced this morning.
In the case of Conklin VS.. Adams. before
reported, the Jury returned verdict for plain
iiff for S39, ,920 John @. Built and Geo, Junktn,
Esqrs, for plaintiff; and Thomas Elwell and
George Earl, Esqrs,, for defendant.
William j. Byrnes VS.. the Schuylkill Centre
Coal Company. An action on promlssory
William McAleer VS.. Andrew s. McMurray,
et dI An action to recover for stocks in the
olive Branch Oil Company, alleged to have
been sold by defendant to plaintiff by means
OF fraudulent representations. ON trial,
District COuFt-Judge Hare.-Weld Minor
VS. Twells, Kibby a. Co. An action on pro-
missory note. On trial
Court of Common Pleas-Judge Ludlow.
George Peters vs. Frederick Rogers. An &C
tion TO recover for work and labor done. On
trial. -
Court OF Quarter SessiOnB-Judge Brew
ster.-The new Venire of Jurors was returned
ana called this morning, and the Court ad-
iourned until to- morrow.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA.
Important Order OF General siexles.

General Sickles has issued the following order
providing for the establishment of O Provost
Court for the trial of freedmen accused Of
crimes other than murder, arson, or rape-
HEADQUARTERS SECOND MILITARY DISTRICT.
CHARLESTON, s.. c., April Isl. 1t having become
apparent that justice to freedmen cannot be obtained
in the Civil Courts within the military of Aiken,
S. G., consisting of Edgeted and Barnwell Districts
Provost Court Is hereby established at the post OF
Aiken S. c., to consist of First Lieutenant William
Stone 45th United States Infantry presiding together
United States Cavalry and A. Ramsay, Esq, of Edge
field District, =. c., associates.
The Court 81 all have jurisdiction of any case to
which person of color is a party, except murder,
arson, and rape. Sentences imposing fines exceeding
500, imprisonment exceeding two MONTHS will not
The Court will carefully observe requirements of
Gedera order NO 10, current SERIES from these head
quarters.
of color sued prooeuted in civil court of
Edtield Barnwell District, order the transfer of
10 the Provost Court.
4. The proceedings of the Court in each will be
forwarded to the Post Commander for revision and
approval appeals to these headquarters from the
decision of the Post Commander will not be con-
sdered unless accompanied by printed arguments of
the parties or their counsel.
The comp nsotion OF the civilian Judge Judges
will be "a a day; the Court may employ clerk at a
compensation not exceeding S3 a day, and purchase
stationery All the expenses of the Court must be
paid out OF the funds aCcrulng from fines and
paid by parties tried before 1t.
expenditures. with vouchers, will be made by the
Court to the Post Commander, and by him forwarded
TO these headquarters.
the South a. 80, 49, 49, 6 So and 6s, Department. of
South Carolina, series of 1865, General Orders No 7
and 81 Department Of South Carolina, and Circul Ar
No. Department of the South, series of 1866 does
not conflict with this order is still In force
BY command of Major-General ID. f. Sickles.
]. W. CLOUS,
Ofipial.-AIEHANDER MOORE,
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
PHILADELPHIA Trade ReDort.

MONDAY, April 22.-The Flour Market is
devoid OF spirit to-day, there being no inquiry
except from the home consumersEyet holders
eia1 rs 70 f,u ho rreI cInJina SI1,1er
fine at S9@l0, extras at $l0@ll'25. Northwestern
extra family at Sll75@l425, Pennsylvania and
Ohio do. at $l3@l8, California at Sl6'50@l7, and
st. Louis at Sl7 1850. Rye Flour is selling at
sS'35@S50 q barrel Nothing doing in Corn
Meal, and prices are nominal.
There is no falling off in the demand for
prime Wheat, but owing to the paucity of the
receipts and stocks the transactions are limited.
Sales of Penn sylvania red at So '201340, aud
California at SO 40. Rye ranges from $l65 to
sizes q bushel. The offerings of Corn are light,
Sales of 1000 bushels yellow, in the cars, al
Sl25@l26, and 6000 bushels, afloat, at Sl'26 Oats
are quiet Sales of Pennsylvania 74075c.
In the absence of sales we quote No. Quer-
citron Bark at $40 per ton.
Whisky-The cOntraband article is scarce
and commands Sl.60@l.S0 % gallon.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
Burning OF the New York and Erie
Elevator at Buffalo.

From the Buffalo Commercial Advertiser OF
saturday we gather the following pRrttcu lars
OF the destruction by fire of the New York and
ing of that day.
The elevator, which was owned by George W.
Tint, and was leased for term of eight years
10 Cyrus Clarke, A. j. Holt o. l.. Minis, and
others, contained about 10000 bushels of grain,
owned by these and other parties.
Inc grain is all damaged. The building is
mass OF ruins, though the tower and fragment
airy portions OF the walls remain. The origin OF
the nre, which was first discovered In the tower,
is unknown, but IL Is not probable that IL was
the work OF an incendiary. We incline TO the
opinion that IL was occasioned by spontaneous
combustion. as the elevator after having been
idle all winter was started yesterday for the
first time unloading. during the day and even
ing, the Golden West. Work was stopped at
O'Clock, and everything was at that time re.
ported as cool and safe.
There were stored in the elevator, as nearly
as can be ascertained, between 1884, 900 and
100000 bushels of grain, com posed for the most
part of corn and oats, together with a small
quantity OF rye. This grain though all more
or less damaged is by no means spoiled, A
great part of ithas been wet by water from the
engines: much OF IL has fallen into the creelr
willie large quantities have fallen with the
walls, becoming partially burned and BADLY
smoked. Competent and prominent insurance
men, however, give 1t as their opinion that
salvage of 25 per cent. will be effected -Iil4
The elevator building entire was valued &C
$4,000, on which there is an Insurance to the
In addition to the elevator Mr.. TifTt's private
office is considerably charred and damaged, To-
getber with large pile OF lumber stanuInk
adjacent 70 ~ me elevator was surrou,hautSu
which are entirely consumed. OF these sheds
Mr.. Tilt owned one-half and Mr. Ganssooun Ihe
other; the latter has an insurance OF VAOOO on
TThe insurance on the grain 10000 bushels)
must go very far toward covering the loss
upOnit. ."'N- e N,|'ii clA E'-' -9liil da'I
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
SECOND EDITION
FROM EUROPE BY THE GABLES.
Financial and Commercial AdvIces to
Noon To-day.

LIVERPOOL, April -Noon.-The steamer
Chicago, Captain Harris, from New York on
the 10th instant, arrived at this port yes
terday.
Intelligence has been received here that the
bark Annie Ramsey, Captain Phillips, from
New York on the Sth of March, for Bristol,
England, has been abandoned at sea. No date
or other particulars are given.
On account of the continuance of the Easter
holidays, the markets are generally closed.
Cotton is very irregular, and the quotations
are merely nominal; middling uplands are
quoted on the street at about Id. Corn firm
at AS. Cd.
LONDON, April 22-Noon.-The stock board
and markets here are all closed.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
THE INDIAN WAR.

General HancOck's Expedition Out of
Forage at Fort LRrned-Elevsn Thou
sand Warriors Ready for WRF-MOve
OF General AuEur with Six thousand
Men from Fort Phil Kearny-ArrAval
of General Sherman at LenveuWorth.
LEAYENWoRTH, Kansas, April 2O.-Advices
from the Pains state that General Hancock's
expedition Is at Fort Larned, unable TO move,
the supply of forage being exhausted, and there
being no grass. The animals were suffering
greatly. About eleven Thousand warriors are
encamped on Tongue river, midway between
Fort Phil Kearny and Fort @. f. Smith, walt
ing for the grass before commencing hosttlities
General Augur will soon move from Fort Phil
2d Cavalry and the 18th. pun 18TH 2Oth. and
10th Infantry In all about six thousand men.
Troops are constantly arriving, and being sent
West as rapidly as possible. General Sherman
arrived to- day from Omaha,
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
From the West = General HancOck's
Indian Expedition.

ST. LOUIS, April 22.-The Democrats special
correspondent with General Hancock's Indian
expedition, gives an account of q council held
at Fort Larned on the 18th inst, between Gene
raj Hancock and fifteen Cheyenne chiefs.
The Council amounted to nothing: only part
of the chiefs Of the tribe was in attendance and
hose present gave but an equivocal reply to
General Hancocks speech to them.
The next day General Hancock moved to-
wards the Cheyenne camps, and when about
halfway, was met by over three hundred chiefs
and warriors, who protessed peace; but that
night the whole trtbe abandoned the village,
leaving their wigwams but taking everything
Of value. General Custer's command was sent
in pursuit, but had not returned when the letter
closed. The indications point TO a confedera
tion between the Cheyennes and the Sioux for
eVtl purposes. General Hancock intended to
burn the Cheyennes' village on the l4th.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
FINANCE AND COMMERCE.
OFFIoH or THE EVENING TELRaRAPH, /
MOndaV ADril % 1897.

The Stock Market opened very dull this morn;
change, Government bonds continue in steady
demand. July, 1865, 5-20s sold at 1913, no
change; and 6s of 1881 at l09t, no cha0ge; 1895
was bid for old 5!2Os; 9e1 for l0-40s; and l063@
rather dull; the new issue sold at 1904, slight
decline. ..
Railroad shares continue the most active on
the list. Reading sold at 5OA, au advance OF 4;
sylvania Railroad at 56b, no change; and
Lehigh Valley at 81, no change; 56t was bid for
Minehill; sal for North Pennsylvania; 80 for
Emira common; 40 for preferred do; Is for
Catawissa common; 26b Tor Catawissa preferredj !
2s for Philadelphia and Erie; and AT for North
ern Central. .I.-L- ,I...-t
In CITY Passenger Railroad shares there was
nothing doing. 76 was bid for Second and
Third, l9B for Thirteenth and Fifteenth, % tor
Spruce and Pine, 13 for HestonVille, 80 for
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
Matters i'm LOulsvine and Vicinity

LoUIsvILLE, April 2i.-The body of an un.
city yesterday. 1t appears that as she was
strangled her to death.
A rabid dog was killed here yesterday. and a
general slaughter OF canlnes has commonced
The Young Mems Christian Assoeiation pro.
pose to raise by subscription $40 900 10 eEtabIish
rooms and provide library.
Easter was observed in this city to-day by the
churches of all denominations, with wonderful
unanimity. Rev. w. A. Smith, an eminent
divine fist. Louis, preached TO a large congre-
CATION at the Walnut Street Methodist Church
Tonight.
Half q dozen daring burglars, supposed to be
from Cincinnati, opened several establish
Two OF them were discovered by the police In
the ward OF bank cashier. Upon attempting
| their arrest they were fired upon, and Police
| man Tones was wounded. One OF the burglars
named Harris, was shot IN the leg by Policeman
! McBArTon, and captured.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1867-04-22
From ST. LOuis.

ST. LOUIS, April 22-The Mayor and City Con-
troller have arranged with the National Bank
of the state of Missouri for temporary loan of
5000 900, which will enable the city to pay the
interest due on her bonds in June, July, and
August, and also meet all their obligations.
This loan was considered necessary by the
change of the law in assessments, by which the
city now receives the tax in November, instead
of June as heretofore. The State banks are all
made the agents of the city for the sale OF bonds
and deposition OF the city funds.
The Fenians serenaded General Pile on Satur-
day night, in compliment of his advocacy OF the
resolutions of sympathy for the struggling Irish
passed at the late session OF Congress. The Gene
raj responded in an eloquent speech in favor of
universal freedom.