davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
Total al..........:.:.::,.;:;..........sss'4'2'O' ~


Some reflection the present condition o e properly
of the United states Deposit Fund has ed 10 ue eoc M
yesments and agencies through which tucy are ae
The present system is too cumbersome ana i9o i1So%s %
Controller of the opinion that IL woud ne Wise 10 p9
vide for calling in the mortgage loans OF inc tPo u %
OF the United States Independent OF inc geicii o9ee
tons TO tho present systcm already stated, the!o
another and practical presented I'm the fact that the
nscertancd losses for the past five years from dcauo
inodcnuafe security and other causes will reduce the net
revenue six per cent, although the loans are made ht
seven. What additional losses would be disclosed on
careful examination by competent commission, cannot
Of course be estimated with accuracy, but II is believed
they would reduce the actual net income 10 Ve per cent
As the whole amount loaned on mortgage u SOOo ,le
rcant Anticipated would make On annual difference be-
tween the real nominal revenue OF over $1,000 In
sSryahe T @n o Tie fund Il the State and National Be-
curtes could be purchased 30 m TO yield six per cent
BY tho act chapter sSl passed at the last session. inc
Controller was authorized to sell the land scrip donated
90 this State by Congress, and remaining udisp9ed OF 20
the trustees OF the Cornell University should nor De
practicable 10 make such sale, the act authorized tho
Commissioners Of the Land Office TO sell the scrip to any
person persons, who would agree ahd give "ellnto
security for the performance Of tho agreement tal te
ayals and profits from SIS sale should nom Time 10
tmo they were realized 70 be phd over Ru ueVot.u
10 the purposes OF such institution or Institutions rs nave
been shall be created by the act chapter 49, Laws OF
1861 The Controller having received no application LOT
the purchase OF the scrip from the trustees ~ lhe COe
University the Commissioners OF the Lana Oiilce su-c
auently sold all that then undispOsed Of represented
by 5OS certificates Of leo acres cach 10 the Hon EG
Cornell at the price limited IN the act 80 een,s per aie
the treasury OF the State the net profits derived trom ne
location and sale OF the scrip MhlCn are loion spar
aud distinct fund, TO be called tho Cornell EndowIncn
Fund the principal TO be kept nyioate and tue Income
10 be devoted TO the support OF the Cornell University
The arrangement thus made VIII, II confidently believed
result in the realization Of much larger sum- than could
have been obtained from sale Of the scrip at market
raes the price at which II selling, AT the time Tho
sale to Mr. Cornell mnde, boing about 20 cents ir
acre had been delivered to Mr. Cornell under the
contract the close OF the fiscal year. scrip represent
| ing l32 600 acres OF land.
The suboned statement gives the capitals of the sew
eral trust funds together with the receipts ana pay mrs
for the past fiscal year. condensed from tables and b.
I'm the appendix 20 which reference Is made for more lie
! failed information.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

Mr. John Ii. Wrenn of Tyler Wrenn & Co. wac
to-day admitted a member of the open Board Of
Brokers. Attention is requested to the card of the
house in another column.
Ayres Mill and Mining Company is quoted at the
Mining Board at $40 bid and $50 asked. The shorn
at a per share have determined to pay at the end Of
legal proceedings. The parties vho obtained the
injunction in the case are Messrs. Jay Cooke & Co
and Henry Clews g. Co. AS the case is stated by the
plaintiffs, the affair looks like one of the greatest
swindles of the tme and one which should De fully
ventilated
The recent advance in Hudson River Railroad
shares is caused by report that issue of stock
is to be made at $50 per share for full stock, the
proceeds to be used in relayng the road with steel
rails The share capital of this road Is s5,SlS.Oo9
Which will give 81, ,S65, 100 for new construction.
The Board of Trustees of the Irving Savings Instt.
tuition have declared dividend. See advertisements
The Commerce Fire Insurance Company yesterday
declared semi-annual dividend Of per cent tree
from Government taxi payable Oh and after the 7th
inst
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
still further disastross reduction In the recs,.

still further disastrous reduction In the reCeIs.
the road
Among the new banking firms we notice th., :,
Stout g. Dickinson, general partners Andrew
Stout 81 John b. Dickinson as special partners ".
Theodore b. Stout is an experienced banker AVA
broker. He has been for several years the Wapss
agent of the National Shoe and Leather Bank. NJ,
Platt K. Dickinson formerly member of the ~.
tensiye shipping house of Wakeman, Gookin & Dies.
inson.
At the office of the Mariposa Company may \,
seen two specimens of gold-bearing quartz A,
unusual richness. 1t is in the form Of slabs Scye,,
inches thick, with surface Of about 100 sqnv.
inches, covered quarter Of an inch deep with fin.
crystals of gold arranged in irregular little nodn.
The species are peculiar, and worth the examinatio,
of geologists and miners. The Company from u.
average rock, expects TO make in 1851 $4,000 ps,
month net, which would put the corporation upon
the dividend list.
The following Is the amount Of coal transported On
the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad during the
week ending Thursday Dec. %, 1866
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

UNION LEAGUE ELEcTIoN-At the annual meeting
Council No. U. L. A. held at their Council Room, Mon
day evening, Dec oi, 1sCO. tho foowingnamed gentle
elected officers and delegates for the year 1867
~ -. aIeSuent; 1hVnas tTugen alfst wee
Jas Hunt Secretary; Spencer Kirby Treasurerj the
Walter b. Roberta. Herald; Henry Eicock, Sentinel
Delegates 10 the County Counoi-Israel Gilett Jas b.
Van te %srd aon oeHSgS SSS H.
Sherwood, VIM. r. Lee, Gen. John T. Bendlx. AlOnzo f.
Chas o. judson VIM N. Banks, Richard Kelly. Frsncis
Leland and QtheTs-
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

-. ,,- rooo,nts s1o1sOos4 s5 and for expenditures
500 SYs a. The actual receipts we're s4oo 20, % Of
tSS payments tiOi14O53 "A, being an oyer ate estt Of
SSs 9g4 80 on expenditures The difference between
scfna and estimated receipts consisted Oh 1i to
IN the estmaes for that year, but not PAID u 0oi0
months later. -. ,ho totol recpIpts and
,eis ON account of the General Fund, lOi ,ie pasSS
HsSSd year classified according TO the prcPa oiyco'S'
expenditure and sources of revenue
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
Receipts durinK


SALE.
sale OF nonresident lands returned 10 this Depart
inent for unpaid taxes held commencing the l2h
aud terminating the oath OF November. II is antc
pated that from s2OOOO TO S25oOO will be realized fom
the Bale.
ACCOUNTS WITH THE UNITED STATES.
No change has taken place since the previous report
from this Department, in the accounts Of this state
against the United States for moneys expended I'm the
equipment Of troops In 1861 The vouchers and papers
connected with the claims have however been subjected
to a thorough and aborOus examination by the Quarter
mastcrGcnera, by command OF his EXceency the Gov
ernoT for the purpose of meeting the objections hereto
fore made to Them and OF as far rs practicable
Ne additional evidence required II proposed soon to
make final attempt at effecting settlement.
STATE PRISONS.
The receipts S30li5G gG and the payments sf92
29i being Of expenditures over receipts o
S38 38 From this should bo deducted the value u
stock hand at the close OF the fiscal year, which not
included In the receipts The manufacture OF iron At
Clinton is understood ~ have been highly successful Ia
view Of its gradual increase the question of tho liability
of the state the imposition OF revenue duties becomes
important According to the published decisions Of tho
commissioner, the operations OF State would not appear
be subject TO dutes and yet the revenue officers have
charged the rates nails and other articles manu-
facturcd at the Clinton Prison. II they had been the
product of establishment owned by an individual or "a
firm The duties have been paid under protest aud steps
will be taken 90 test the legality OF their imposition
Respectfully submitted,
TIIos. HuLHoUsE, Controller
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03


It will be noticed from the foregoing statements that
fiscal year ending Sept 80, 1866 exceeded the receps
81 0 95T 49, and that there deficiency that date
in the OF the general fund Of $2G33T 68 This
caused by the delay In the payment Of the taxes due
from the City OF New York. amounting TO co. or
more than third Of the whole State taxes Had they
been paid before the close OF the fiscal year. the treasury
instead Of being overdrawD would have had balance In
Its favor Of 0o5 49, and the deficiency In the general
fund Jeyenues would have been reduced to ss7S4 Co.
the sum for which the treasury was overdrawn, $l4,
o57 e and the item given In the statement OF balances
que from the treasury TO the several funds mentioned
being No74is 49, less $254 &c. the deficiency In the
United States Deposit Fund revenue In another form OF
statement the general fund indebted 10 the deposit
ing banks N049H TO- and to the school literature and
other fnds n6le679 9 which sums make up the amount
OF tho deficiency e637 6S as previously stated II is
proper 10 add however that this indebtedness Of the
general fund has since been materially reduced by
mtances on account Of the taxes arrears and win be
pearly not quite extinguished the payment Of tho
This receipts account Of the General Fund revenue
tor tRe fiscal yoar commencing Oct 1866 arc estimated
az y0o2a 7o and the payments at GAG 5S These
estimates however are not 10 be taken anything moro
tnan approximately correct. Though made on careful
Of the probable revenues expenditures
az provided for By existing laws IL course mposs
appropriations for and extraordinary objects or how
fr the usual appropriations might be Increased Tho
same gfhouly occurs though In ess degree an making
estimates OF future revenues Although derived mainly
IRON taxes which as general rule be counted on
with considerable certainty they still liable 70 be re-
duced from causes which cannot be anticipated when the
espRles sge made Tho estimates for the past fiscal
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

LIST or NEw-ORLEANs POLICE FOR THE INvEsrr-
oA1Ih0 CoMMITrEE-Mayor Monroe has had prepared at
regular and superumerary police duty the 9Oth
OF July last The Mayor states that there were extra
policemen on duty during the riot.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
COURT OF COMMON PLEAs-SPECIAL TRRM--JAs
2.-Before Judge CARDoZo.
DECISIONS

John Mackey agt j. r. Hoag; Fredk. Pentz agt.
Henry Gerner Jno. A. Schultz agt. Il. W. Harvey, Am.
brose Stevens agt Charlotte Pierce ct elsee memoran
DUN with Clerk. Do N0urney agt. Moonsy.-Default
opened and cause to calendar aud set
last Friday Of January term upon panymen OF so costa
Of this motion Morris b. Clark agt. y. L. Doweymotion
granted. Henry Mouney agt Samuel Low-Molion de-
iied without costs. L. b. kenledy aSt G.. H. sbarpz-
pdIngs settled
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

A NEGRO LYNCHED IN DANvIILE.-A negro named
Al. McRobards was hung by tho popnlace at Danylc,
kyy on Chrslmas eve He had been lodged In jail for
shooting at officer slightly wOunding him. aud at IL
o'clock was taken out and hung IN churchyard.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
COURT CALENDAR-Tms DAY.
saeIal call Is No. 22L
Held byh. e, J.-Court opens a, 10 O'clOef

THE CENTAL SYSTEM. - The Albany Board of
Trade has passed resolution that the Genital System
the sale Of grain shall into effect on the first day Of
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
UNITED STATES DISTRICT coURT-JAs. 2-Betol
Judge BETS.


COMBINATIONS.
Returns Of process were made In tho following
cases:
Custom-House Cases-U. g. agt. 20 10th boxes, &c,
Internal Revenue Cases-I1. 4. ngt bbls distilled
spirits cider brandy SANG agt bbs whisky, found In
Canalst Same agt bbls. distilled spirits marked "U.
$ u" Same ag bbls, distilled spirits marked ~. g. 81
Same ng 6bbs distilled spirits marked ~. g 81" Same
agt bbs distilled spirits marked ~ g. g." Same agt
bbls. whisky, marked ~. B. s." Same agt bbs dis
titled spirits, marked ~ g. g." Same agt 1ibbls distilled
sprts found Pier No. 90 East River Same agt bbs
whisky found at No, 40 First-eYei Same agt bbls.
whisky, marked "U. g. "" sam0 agt. ~ bbls. whisky,
marked "U. b. TO-" Same agt. 10 bbs distilled spirits,
found at No $50 Westst; Same agt IS bbs. whisky,
marked Darling" Same agt. 10 bbls. distilled spirits,
found Pier No. East RIVER Same agt. "a bbs dis
titled spirits, found az No. 100 Front-st.
No claimants appearing for the above articles,
On Of B X. Phelps Assistant United States District At
Orhey DEGREES were entered condening them by default
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

CHALLENGE FOR THE HORSE KENTUCRY-Mr.
Leonard jerome is understood to run his ceebra-
ted horse Kentucky against any horse in the world from
two to four-mile heats.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
Nrw.YnRK AND BosToN

THE MERCHASTs' UNIONENPREss Co. have opened ther
line between NEw-YORR and BosToN. by the land route,
via New Haven, Hartford aud Springfield,
BY SPECIAL TRAIN
OF THREE CARS, AT 8P. NJ
Old and experienced messengers have been seeciea 70
delivery OF MERCHANDISE, BILLS, BONDS, SPECIE, JE@'
TLRY AND YALUARLEs AT THE EARLIEST MOMENT.
Freight and yauabes called for or received at the OF
oes Nos 365 and S67 Broadway, corner OF Franknsti
No $50 Broadway, between Johnst. and Maiden1ane;
Nos 20 and % Hudson corner of ieonadst and corner
OF Fourthave. and Thrty-second-st.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
SUPREME CoURT-C -CuAMBERs-JAN 2-Betoro Mr. Jus
tice BARNARD.
HE PULLMAN SEDUCTION CAsE-MoTI0N TO VACATI
TIE ORDER OF ARREST.

Jennie G. Pullman agt. James G. Byrnes
IL will be remembered in this case, which was re-
ported fully In columns short time since that the
plaintiff charges the defendant with seducing her under
promise OF marriage for which she claims $4,000 The
plaintiff Is resident Of Hudson CITY, and belongs TO one
OF the respectable families The defendant Is clerk
In the Internal Revenue Department OF Eow-York.
The case was before the Court yesterday motion to
yaeae the order OF arrest Adavs read both for
and against the character OF the plaintiff The Court
after hearing the adays took the papers and reserved
Its decision.
Edwin James and Thos Dunphy for plaintiff Recorder
uackett for defendant
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
SALT DUTIES.

,o srnor,ntendent of the Onondaga Salt Springs re-
ots tb"f tbe 0uaniy of salt manufactured during lhe
past fiscal year go bushels The TSyemEs
is tie surplus revenues 25,Si6 IA Tho estimates
for the next year amount to s50OOO
~ AUCTION DUTIES. . -,
The receipts from aHon duties for the fiscal year emu
r Senteber SO 1866 show gain over the previous year
of $3.50 per cent as viii appear irom the "noA0u
"''' Auction duties TO Sept So .s2e972o %
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

CLEVELAND, PAISEsvILLE AND AsHTABULA u T. CopI
CLEVELAND, o., Dec. ~, 1866
Notiee:-The coupons due January L is6a on tss tss
snnbury and Erie Railroad Company win be paid upon
presentation at the Ocean National Bank, New-YoTB
GEO. b. ELY, Treasurer.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

L. S. CIRCUIT COURT-JAS. 2.-Bcf0re Judge SMALLEr.
WHISKY ALIAS BURNING FLUID.
u. s. agt Max II. Dornger.
The facts in this case have been previously reported
in THE TRIBUNE The defendant brought before Com
missioner Osborn charged with distling whisky without
paving special tax therefor His defense that the
article distilled was burning fluid Commissioner Newton,
IN similar IN Brooklyn, held the parties for trial
Commissioner Osborn, In this OF Berngers held the
defendant pro OrDa, that wit Of cerf0rari might lie.
Judge smaey issued tho writ requiring the production
the record OF the proceedings before the Commissioner
for the purposes Of reviewa The writ returnabc
Yesterday morning, and argument was 70 have been
made by counsel but all the parties not being ready tho
argument wac postponed until Monday next ut II u. m
fUr which time IL Is set down peremptOriy.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS OF THE CENTRAL
PACIFIC RAILROAD Co. OF CALIFoRNIA.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

The Bonds hare thirty Years 10 ra and are secured ty
First DortgGge constituting an absolute prior lien on
that portion Of The Road, Equipments, Fi0nchise.
and Entire Property Of the Central Pacific Raitroad
Company located in the State Of California, and er'
:eding from Sacramento City 10 The California Stab
Line forming part Of the GREAT PACIFIC RAILROAD
R)UrE, ado ,ted and aided by he UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

INTEREST AT THE RATE OF SIX PER CENT PER ANNUM.
PAYABLE sEsn-ANNUnLY, on THE FIRST DAY %
JANUARY AND JULY.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

BY comparing the receipts with those Of the preceding
teaf which were kS77l 4 IL will DO that there Is
gain to the extent Of STS2,2S0 OF.
er4tEMRNr Of Canal Debt 3O September 1866 sho,cing
each description Of stock te amount Fedeema6e ia each
year. aud Re annual Interest on Ute same
Wfsnd. rcent q cont 5nsrc To
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST PAYABLE ~ g. = GOLD CON- IN
THE CITY or NBwIORK-
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

For sale at 95 per cent and accrued interest from
July !, in currency.
i. For further particulars apply to
FISK Sc HATCH.
Bankers and Dealers in United States and other do
sirable Securities, No. 5 Nassau-st.. New-lork.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

-. I'LL, ~ r.o;s,,,,,r, Of he state Of Ne,o- York.
40 % e of this Department, and tho c0ndi,
zion Of Re Banking system OF the state of New % WIZ
be found mainly in Table two 2 and three to- Gfent g
compari,on of Table No. ] OF TINS heport WIN S
ON page OF the Report Of last year. -, donaed as
tnns and this condition may De cOhucIl9ou 40
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

Amour. Of Issue s,,338OOO Ia Coupon Boud, Of sloOs
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
'I3yX6SS6 CONTROLLERS REPORT.
STATE OF NEW York,

CONTROLLER oyFIoE, AL8SSf wit6 3a the Statutes
10 Gg Ks Antics the Controller respectfully suohnls
following report Of the financial PPciebis % ebi Psvenats
ett.e tor and the condition 0i tne lIusI
Kinds under It's care and management
S""o' N STATE DEBT. , , ,..o,o
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03
CIVIL COURTS.

.Slnos ,he sbor, Va, whilen the General Term has az
clsiou Of the Court belov.
New-York tribune., 1867-01-03

Balance in the treasury September So 1865 S2I1lZ 20
III viii be necessary TO redeem the debt as IL 1as uue
nv nav loans or by taxation, until the payment OF the
canal debt Of 1886 shall admit OF the application o.
larger portion Of the canal revenues 10 that OBJECT II @
nresent net revenues should not be materially reduced
this result may be anticipated as early as 1868.
BOUNTY DEBT -.
The following statement gives classiilcauOn OF the
debt according TO the several forms OF lndeDteHess .!
which was represented ut the close OF te scaI year
Controllers revenue bonds not converted, oo ~.
issued under chapter Sc, Laws OF 1868 SSos,oVO w
NoSPSs ~ Sss oO"'' 'o''' 255OOOO 90
~ aSSs of 1sGS .......... A, ,726,5 800 90
Total 81, ,G44000 90
The receipts and disbursements I'm money on account VI
the debt up to shat date were as follows:
Paid. ....... ..
Advances 10 Paymaster General. 90
Interest bonds. EUz5lS o4
Is~nanses .........,.................... 1883 "a
Total ,s76 %
Received -- -
Advanced from General Fund. d........... lOllSi6 20
Total Sc. .52Os76 90
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1867-06-14
Attachment.

Giles county circuit court, April term, 1867.
David A. Inuman, VS..
George " Parker.
i ant IS indebted TO him, and has made, or Is about
to make a fraudulent disposition of his property,
and having obtained from Daniel G Anderson, a
Justice of the Peace for Giles county, original
attachment against the estate of the defendant,
tnrnable to the April term Of the circut court Of
Giles county, 1857 and the same having been levied
on he Defendants property, it is ordered by the
court that the defendant appear before this court at
the court hd4se in Pulaski on the first Monday in
viii e proceeded with ex parte. It is further or
derrcd that this notice be published in the Pulaski
Citizen n n csvspupcr published in the town Of fu-
ski in sand county, for four consecutive weeks
previous 90 the next August term OF this court
iuncF TT. McLAURlNE, clerk.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1867-06-14
James F. Walker, VS..

T. d. Davenport, ct ais.
IN this cause it appearing to the clerk of the coun
ty court of Lawrence county from the affidavit Of
Q 3 Davis that the defendants Mary Sharp, Will
liam Sharp, Robert Sharp, G L Herbert and his wife
Nancy J., Mary Hobe, Jas: L Davenport, Mat
thew w Deavenport John Davenport, Her
bert and his wife A NJ, non-Tesidents of
Tennessee so that the ordinary process of this court
cannot be served them, On motion it is therefore
ordered that publication be made for four weeks in
succession in the Citizen, newsF aper published in
the town of Pulaski in said State, requiring the said
defendant to be and appear on the first day of the
Julyterm of the county court, to be held for the
county Of Lawrence at the court honse in Lawrence
burg the first Monday in July next,
and plead, answer demuT to said
petition, or the same viii be taken for confessed
and set for hearing parte as to them.
june Z, 1867 s. a. CARRELL, clerk.
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1867-06-14
KukIux Khan.

It seems that the Kukluxers are not con-
fined to Pulaski. We have seen mention
made of them in several places, and they
seem to be quite numerous. We find the
following in the shelbyville Union of a re-
cent date
KuKLUx KLAN--Order of the G G. G.
received and subordinate Chapters duly no
tilted. Grand and boundless exertion
marks the interest everywhere manifested.
The out-pouring no one can number for the
very stars are inconsiderable in compari-
son. Full particulars in due time. Let us
hear from you again. Hon. SCRIBE,
214th Chap. OF Cent. Divis.
Tuna al 1867
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1867-06-14
I'll YMENIAL RER0RT.

M4RR1ED--In this county. Monday June
10th. By the Rev Sterling Brown, Mr.JSo.
". SMITH to Miss ELIZABETH BROCK.
Case of love at first sight-old folks OPP
posed-young ones determined--runaway
get married-old folks reconciled.
In this place on Wednesday morning
18th inst, by Rev. Mr.. Hanks, Mr.. Il. B.
SHANKs. of Louisville, KY, to Miss JOSIE
CARTER, OF this plac
The Pulaski citizen. [volume] (Pulaski, Tenn.) 1866-current, 1867-06-14
Proclamation BY the Grand CyolOps.
June 18th, 1887.

DEN No. 3,
June 18th, 1874
Whereas, 1t has been male to appear to
the satisfaction of the Grand Cyelops that
ono VIM. G. Brownlow has issued proc
lsmatiOn, saying that the loyal people of
the Kuklux Khan, as we'll as those of the
Skunkalunk Khan, of Giles county, shall
not be entitled to vote on account of their
irregularities.
Now, therefore. I, the Grand Cyclops of
the Great Kuklux Khan, by virtue of the
power assumed by me, and in discharge of
the duties imposed upon me by our holy
constitution, do proclaim that every man in
our county OF Giles, black and white, Ku-
klux and Skunkalunk, shall be provided
with box of DIR. John Bells Worm Can
dy and a bottle of DR.. Jeemes' Alternative,
and regulate themselves. Those who will
pledge themselves, after having done as di-
Eected above. thats they will support me
as candidate for the Emperor of Mexico,
will be furnished certificates whenever they
call upon me at the above named den.
By order of the Great Grand Cyclops,
e. G.. S.