Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1867-06-20

1t Is but little period, yet 1t has often saved
fortune or redeemed people IF there is one
virtue which should be cultivated more than an
other by him who would succeed in life, it is pune
tuality if there is one error which should be a.
voided, it is being behind time.
THE ARMIES OF EUROPE.
The following statement of changes and modif-
cations which various European countries are a.
bout to introduce into their armies, will be found
very interesting at this time. 1t is from the Phil
adelphia Press of the 23d ultimo:
PRUSSIA.
The actual effective force of the Prussian army
is based upon the peace footing Of two hundred
thousand men, which can be increased to three
hundred thousand, or one per cent. of the popu-
lation, but the organization Of the force Is not
changed. 1t is proper here to rectify very gen.
eral and popular error that every Prussian held
to service. Such is not the case. Of one hun
dred and seventy thousand young men who reach
the age Of twenty-one years, one hundred thous-
and are exempted by law. Of the remainder, six
ty-hree thousand are drafted into the service the
rest return to their homes but subject to the call
Of the government.
GERMANY.
The four States of the South, Bavaria, Wur-
temburg, Baden, and Hesse, have abandoned con-
scrption for obligatory service with exemption for
cause The electives are so organized as to have
one per cent of the population under arms in time
of peace. The States Of the North have adopted
the Prussian system.
AUSTRIA
Obligatory service is to supersede recruiting by
consumption. Every Austrian who has attained
the age of twenty years will serve six years. three
Of which he is with his regiment. lie is then
IL r,;x, nf 1uh oh
half is passed in the first ban and the rest in the
second ban. The landsturma (militia) will be com.
posed of men from thirtytwo to forty-fve years OF
age. There will be no replacement by substitutes.
The former effective force was about 639, 900 men
on war footing, and 256, 900 on peace. footing:
The annual contingent was from eighty thousand
to ninety thousand men. For the future there will
be each year an addition of 1900 men capable
of bearing arms, which, at the end of twelve years,
will be l,44O,0 900 men. Allowing for the regular
losses of an army, there will remain ,OSO O6O men,
without counting the frontier divisions Of the En-
pire, which will contribute $1,000 men. The gen.
eral total will then be l, ,l32,069 men.
RUSSIA.
Recruiting is carried on at regular intervals, suf;
fcient to retain the army on q peace footing OF
CSC. 900 men. The war footing, to which the army
can be increased in six weeks, amounts to l,6OO,-
900 men. The term Of service is fifteent wears,
twelve of which the soldier is under arms. Nc
change is contemplated in the organization. D
ENGLAND.
The government is engaged in discussing pro,
posed changes in the military system. The appro-
priation for the war office for S6768 has been in
creased e4l2 200 or $2,O61. 900. The army on a
war footing, numbers BAG, 900 men, of which 1885,,
600 are in the militia Besides these there are the
volunteers, the yeomanry, Tor militia cavalry, the
veterans and the navy.
SPAIN.
After the organization now in progress shall
hade been finished, the effective peace footing will
be increased from 10000 to 100000 men. The
troops will be divided into three classes the first,
a permanent army, the second, an active reserve,
and the third, an inactive reserve.
SWEDEN.
The Swedish Army is composed first Of enrolled
troops (voerfvade) or volunteers for six years
second of troops in the cantons indelba), who ore
called out few weeks each year for instruction
and third, conscripts (beyovring), composed OF a:
twenty-five years A BILL however, has been sub
mitted to the Legislature to suppress the first two
divisions, and render service in the army obligato
ry on every Swedish subject. The duration. Of
service will then be twenty-five years, divided as
follows From 81 to 25 years Of age in the first
ban, 26 to 80 years in the second ban and from 81
to 45 years of age in the landstrum. The first ban
bevoering), will then give contingent of l25, ,OOC
men the second ban, 100, 900, and the landstrum,
100000. Thus the government will have five hun
dred thousand men at its disposal in place Of the
standing army of $4,000 men.
SWITZERLAND.
The Federal army is thus divided: l. Regular
Army composed of men between the ages oi
twenty and thirty years-three per cent. Of the
population. g. The reserve, formed Of men who
have completed their term Of service in the regu'
lar army and between the ages of thirty and forty
years, and making one-half per cent Of the popu-
lation. g. The landwehr, composed of able men
to bear arms, aged not more than fortytour years,
who do not serve in the regular army. nor in the
reserves Every Swiss is thus obliged to serve
The Federal army numbers about 1873, 900 men, Of
which 1856, 900 can be concentrated when needed.
The organization of the forces will not be modified,
but the government projected measures calculated
to unite the troops in time of war, and to perfect
the instruction of the landwehr.
Holland and Belgium are likewise engaged in
considering how they may increase the effective
force of their armies.