New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1867-07-10
CHINA AND JAPAN.

PROSPECTS. |
II is trite saying that Westward the star OF
Umpire takes ts way" but 1t is not httle reharkaOie
that after all England done toward the development
Of America and what the eOngomerate American first
PLANTED here by England has accomplished Tor MS own
country the civilization of both represented by their
commerce should meet in Yokohama In Japan, country
ten years ago virtually unknown TO either except ny
name The mere of this fact may not at nrst
appear 80 striking but will assert its force in WONDERFUL
manner when we contemplate the Developments OF En-
elish and American commerce by the establishment VI
great oceanic lines communication and the consequent
diffusion of an enlightened civilization by otner noaH
than by merely forcing new creed upon an "r,"-. a
people, who at the same time shocheu p3 -,
vices and made the dupes of Christian duplcy' N"e
out the close of the Sixteenth and the beginning Oh inc
seventeenth centuries she Portuguese ana ioio"ins
them the Dutch first opened communication wlbh japan
they were kindly received and were able 10 es'"DiS"
thriving trade with that country and gain many converts
10 Christianity But the rapaeity Of the ta'eIS
,ha and reports Of design formed by the his
sonares TO overthrow the Empire, Determined lne hP
ror TO bs nisl all foreigners and close the ports vi ~
against them China from other causes hao "uopSu."
same policy and for more than two centuries INC
apcs NJ these two countries denied 10 the
, ;, rhi,s the natives were forbidden TO have
80 ooromupea whatever with Foreigners Graduahy'
boweyer within the last half century, intercourse win
tbese countries has been retstabsheu-Wlul japan III
deed within ten years-but while all concessions h"'o
heen vf1iu
fstaons of force by Japan they have been granted as
voluptary tributes TO proered fair dealing The results
already accomplished and those remaining 10 DC accom-
,shed are solely to the application OF stea" 10
CATION and the discovery Of Gold In California "eloo
in snazenent at what has been achieved by tle steam
engine the magnetic telegraph, and the Atlantic Caoe III
hindipr the New continent to the Old-a continent as
Wonderful in development is young in years. but the
next half century will be replete in developments az "O
,ierful in assmating the people of North America ana
Eastern Asia and making the products ana manufactures
of either the property Of both BY the opeAg
o the ports Of Smoda and Hokodad for the reception OF
American ships in 1884, and the subsequent enlargement
Of the treaty land extension TO other nations In @
the resources of that great country as well as OF emma
are TO he made free TO the enterprise OF all trading ma
tons and Japan, which is civilized nation whateVer
may be said China to become the theater OF new
frmphs where the refined but material culture OF the
East and the energetic thought Of the West shall blend
in harony and personal and national freedom In all tht
relates 20 the Deity conscience to be above even the
aspirations Of the saints for the conversion OF the world
Already the rostrctons Japanese travel abroad are
removed TO amount to little more than our own pass
pert system and the embassy Washington and the Won
deru uggIers the Academy of Music are an earnest OF
the Great Future.
The first effort OF Importance TO open steam cemmnn
cation with China and afterward with Japan, was made
bv the Peninsuar and Oriental Steam Navigation Com
pany Incorporated by royal charter Dec 81 lSO Next
history OF great trading companies, which have done
much toward development and intercourse of distant
countries. before the formation OF the PenlnSuar
and Oriental Steam Navigation Company TO pillow up the
China seas and barter WIN the NATIVES C e me Fla
bethan the last day OF the Sixteenth century the
Tie Richest provinces Of central Asia with more than regal
sway, formed under the unpretehdng ltIe OF me
10 the East Indies Years passed and the East India
Company gave indications of its future greatness
Y london, on the failure of Richard Cromwell, tea;
which had been brought from China, wac handed
mad
touched with the lips but eight years later II was
Silks and cashmeres and spices-had become in sueh de-
lnand that the profits were enormous and many share
holders had and fifteen thousand pounds sterling per
aunum and one as much as twenty Thousand pounds ;
Inc and III & Su days U Of the Revolution was
PEELED 10 the pachcaton OF an unfortunate feud upon
through II years had TO fight for its charter and Ma,
saules says the faed between the INDIA honSS aud
the course OF true love in London as the fd OF ne
SSeton was settled It had been fatal to the honor and
power of great minister, and wrought the ruin Of many
private families but it's charter once confirmed went ON
TO greatness and TO empire while one OF It's servants
Warren Hastings has furnished history with most re-
Inarkable episode and the India House IN Leadenal ST
Of the daysOf Charles H. has BECOME an immense sTue-
where is managed the machinery that shoots sepoy nom
tho mouth OF cannon and works the agrandzement OF
less grasping less famous but equally useful corpo
ration has been the Pennsuar and Oriental steam SS
IL has share and debenture capital Of e3SOOOOo
uring by Customs register s6l tuns aud fitted with
)nachinery OF 10 $50 horse power beside seanugs sail
ing transports and store and coal ships OF great value
The Company has also freehold aud other property in
1.andOD. Southampton, Marseilles Malta. Alexandra,
Cairo Bombay, Calcutta Hong Kong, Shanghai ana
other places Its earnings have been always large and
It's expenses likewise heavy but for the pst 25 years the
average dividend has been 81 per cent ON the Paid mp
capital During the entire term OF It's exiseRce, with but
slight Interruption IL has carried her Ma1Cstys mails
between Great Britain and the remote points 10 which its
vessels ply including for portion Of the time Melbourne
Japan being about IL 500 miles and to Australia great
greater The rate at which the contract originally
taken was lis ID mile; but this has been brought
down by successive arrangements and reductions TO %
I'd. per mile While the Australian service between Pont
dc Gale has been reduced from 2s 3D. to l9 and the
directors have offered TO double II for that would
reduce tire rate to 3s Cd IL would be interesting 10 trace
a single combined mail from the remote points from
which Is brought TO London, involving the employment
OF than eight steamships and performance of
1887 miles by aud 9S2 miles of land. Taking
example the mail which reached London ON the 18TH OF
November 1860, dispatched from sydney, New south
Wales distant nearly 1900 miles the Odd OF September
from Calcutta distant 5000 ies ON the 10th OF October
from Shanghai, distant upward OF 1900 miles. on the
19thand from Hong Kong distant upward Of 10000 miles,
on the nth of september able make up the fol-
lowing table IL was conveyed from
YOkoaiDa TO Shanghai by the Singapore. 1o40 miles.
Shanghai TO Hong Kong, by the Aden.....- $40 miles.
FoochOw TO Hong Kong, by The FOunOsa.... $40 miles.
Hong Kong TO Gale by the Northern 1901 miles.
Sydney 10 Gale by the Bombay. $3.50 miles.
Caicutta 70 Suez, by the Bengal l,757 miles.
Alexandria TO Marselles, by the Delta 1,l7s miles.
Alexandria 10 southampton, by the Massha 1881 miles.
Land Journey. .M Miles
Suez 10 Alexandria ............... 2is
sbiarseilles 10 London. 734- 982 miles.
The carr5ase Of the combined Marscics and SoIthSnp
Ton mails n slight matter each forming for
the