New-York tribune., 1867-09-20
MEXICO.
THE s,ru.TIoN-JUAREz AND HIS ENEMIES
THE APPROACHING PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
rur CANDIDATES AND THEIR CHANCES.

THE .PPROACHING PRESIDENTIAL ELECIlON
THE CANDIDATES AND THEIR CHANCES.
From Our Special Correspondent urx,co Aug % 1867
Tbere is n revolution overdue in Mexico.
Since tbc fall of Queretaro tho bulletins from that
o.ntrv have been nearly all of peaceful character
Not tn attach too much Importance to this circum-
stance it should be remembered that there is one OBJ
vious explanation Of the prevailing quetude which
has been pretty much overlooked-the rainy season
is not favorable to campaigning. Even virginia
miro can hardly compete with the mud-holes OF
The Chiauhuisti and Combres Mountains during
The wet season, and is left far behind
by tho quicksands OF the taDle-iahds anus
If enough therefore. that for time there
should be a cessation of pronuncdmenios ana ciyH
war; and especially when the exhausted state OF the
country is taken into consideration. III uaVcnhg
tbrdIgh tho States of Vera Cruz, OaXaca' iueDia
Mey1co Queretaro, New Leon, and IamaulpaS,
have encountered everywhere deserted villages 1al
ing TO ruins. The men had been pressed into tho
service of one or other of the contendng armies the
women had followed the fortunes OF the men ana
none but old people and children were left behind to
till the fields. In any country ess pIoauctye inan
Mexico a famine would be imminent; and there
must of necessity be for some time TO come great
prostitution of agriculture ana neaty aE Specie
that live upon the country must have country 10
live upon. or they can't move tar; consequently IiI
more Tefavorable opportunities OF pllaglng ana eVyhg
blaci-inal turn up the Mexican 1actois are Keeping
quiet r, .
Indications promise that these peaceful, reports
will not long continue Marquee alone is q nIeDrtnd
among the fields. Universally as he is detested
for his crueltes and crimes. Marquee Is power IN
Mexico He can raise troops, and bend them To ms
will whoreyer he may be: joined TO 2pOgdnng
in Mexico-Marquez will remain an oyerhanglng
threat till he is captured or shot; His presence IN
the State of Vera Cruz Wli I!mp Keep dhat PiiiI PTis
posed Of Olvera, Mcjias faithful friend ana
benchman. and Carlos Miramon, brother
of the Dliramon, are doing similar Office for the
in tba MIramOn
battalion of rihemen of the frontier, which proved
one of the most effective regiments in MaXimihans
army. OF the little garrison of Qucretaro nearly
2.OOO men belonged to the personal commands
of the brothers MlramOn. Many OF them
escaped with Carlos himself to the adjacent
mountains long the stronghold OF MeJa. In
the fastness of this Sierra, Olvera has
long had his headquarters, and probably his forces
Joined to those of Carlos Miramon may muster 900
to 1000 men, They are strong enough to hold out IN
definitely in the Sierra and can repuse any force hat
may be sent against them but they have noarlllery
to enable them 10 undertake regular compaign
They only make forays into the valley, and carry
on harassng guerilla war. Marquee and Quiroga
will probably join them in the Sierra If they have not
already done So In Jalisco the Indian chief Lozado
holds out under much the same conditions. Tho
difference is. that he has broad
and fertile tract Of country where his word s law to
tho Indians who people II, and through which none
pass without his permission. 1t is called Loza
da's Kingdom of Tepc." Corona. on his march to
Join EscObedo at Iacatecas. had to ask LOzadas safe
guard for his troops before he could pass through
feplc. The Indian gave it, but kept the strlctest
watch over their movements. He Processes neutral
ity. but has no liking for President Juarcz. Corona
and Guadarama. two of the best Of JuareZs
generals. have been three months trying 70
bring hIm to terms. and yet have made no
progress. lozada like Oyera and carlos Muialnon, ls
mprcgnahlc in his own territory, but can accomplish
little outside. The State of Guerrero Is, of course
unsettled and must remain so till that mIllcnal day.
when roads. railways, and the telegraph open 1t to
the world. The interior of this State has never been
explored. The Spanards tried 1t and iaied; the
French and Austrians the same; PIntos Indians as
figured by leprous spots of adusky blue color form the
bulk of The population ana govern Pro.S
much as they choose belief that these pinto spots
are catching has done much to secure the state oi
Guerrero its cxcusiycness. The Indians OF 1ucatah
remain almost n independent Of the Central Govern
ment rs the Indians of Guerrero; In all these hye
States. Vera Cruz. Qucretaro Jalisco Huerrcro anu
Yucatan-there are armed bands in existence
hostile 10 the Government Of Juarez. Gcographlcal
difficulties TO say nothing of an entire diversity oi
purpose and principle prevent their comDihinH, or
ever becoming more than elements ot great dlstup-
ance the settlement Of the country ana Hhctd LOT
the disailccted aud turbulent to cluster around
Canacss movement In 1amaulipas has more press
ing importance Canales is the most INSCRIPTIONS
of chicftains-T Tamaupas the most tickle of states
Tampco, the chief seaport, Is scarcely yet recohcied
- the rule of President JuareZ. Gonzales Ortega Is
much the popular man, and there Is a large
party not only IN Iamanllpas, but III Lacatecs ana
other States, who regard Ortega as the rightfu
President. Cnnales Is just the man to avail
himself Of this feeling should occasion oller
and he has sufficient force 10 render himself
dangerous opponent. Meanwhile a singular mystery
hangs over the fate of Ortega himself. Since his
capture in Zacateoas. nine or ten months ago. he
seems 10 have passed ont of tangible existence and
became "A myth, appearing first IN one place and then
in another al the head of small bodies oi troops lhe
Government assert that he has been all the time inn
pnsoned IN Monterey and every now ana men
statements are published that he Is about
10 be brought 10 trial; but diIgcnt
inquiries made by the writer in Monterey the
scene of his alleged imprisonment, failed To
produce any evidence of the existence important
q State prisoner in that city Ortcga, wherever he
may be. Is some one IN Mexico. but Santa Anna has
hon nl
Chcops c0ud be- soaked IN warm water and brought
to life like Sam Sticks uncle Of BIC fOwling-picce
celebrity and set down in front of the Pyramids, his
appearance there would he as likely TO rcNo-
lutiOnilo modern Egypt AZ Santa Annas at
tempted landing at Vera Cruz was 10 turn the
current of the Mexican revolution. Santa Anna. like
Chcops has had his day. and politically Is Just rs
dead. Alive or dead he will never cndangcr the eX-
isting Government of Mexico; the partisans of Or
tega more formidable; but the half buried debris
OF the old Reactonary or Church party are greater
source of peril than either Apparently the triumph
OF liberalism over reactionary Pylncipcs was Com
Cruz there city in the Republic where priest can
safely walk the streets in the shovel hat and cccess
cal Vestmens which the Mexican priesthood 80 lOndly
cherished. The last yestgc of the church property
has been coniscatcd and the churches are beng
converted into barracks, dwellinghOuses stores and
theaters. In the City of San Luis Poos one church
only out of 10 or - Is allowed To remain for pnr-
poses Of worship. In Guadalajara GuanaIuato
Queretaro, Puebla. and Mexico, a like system of des
spOlIatiOn has been followed But the lnsidlOus IN
iucnce OF the priesthood peryades all classes
and il strongest among the wealthy and
the educated. The harsh measures of the victorious
liberals toward the reactionary leaders Miramon
Mejia and others have raised them to the rank of
martyrs and given tO their cause the strength which
cities OF the Republic-Alexco, Puebla San Luis
PotOsi, and Queretaro-wOuld Tomorrow, If they
were free, give large reactionary maorties IN the
coming elections. Under present circumstances they
will not dare To do so; yet the smodering fire is
there nevertheless ready 10 break out on occasion.
Were these the only pers that menace the peace
of NIov,co the reor0anized Government might be