The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1867-08-18
THE EXODUS FROM IRELAND.
De Casse-LandIsrd OpBression-The Horrsrs
of ExIerniinati0n.


The people OF America fully aware OF the exten-
save emigration to their shores Of the inhabitants Of
Ireland; yet how few there who thoroughly under
stand the that have brought about this wholesale
exodus from that country. We look upon 1t some
thing astonishing; regard with surprise and often
wonder how comes TO pass that people have decided
upon quitting their homes amost and trying
shen chances Of fortune in this great repubc for it
America the Irish turn when they determine place
she between them and the hand OF their birth.
John Bright in remarkable speech delivered at Dublin
In the fall OF last year. gave uteance to the statement
that when the Irish peasant begged for prayers and
blessings his eye followed the setting sun And So fol-
loving the prospect that direction he lands upon the
shores Of America, where millions Of his race have
Sound homes and bread. He comes here because ne
knows America is q free country, that VIII greet MIN
wfh ou,stre,ched arms and offer him an asylum when
his country presents only tie alternative OF grave
81 prison.
What let ne ask s OF this Irish exodnsY IT
N ionq story but We will Try and make ii short since
she connseaons OF Cromwell the Irish people nave re-
gared the English usurpers Of their lands ~ enemies
and upon footing the struggle has gone on between
bot parties three hundred yesrsone party strug-
CHING recover what was taken from them by force,
and the retain what conquest and conlscaton
placed their possession. AZ the law OF England
bodies within itself numbers Of provisions which
strengthen tho influence of British arisocracy rather
than that OF the people be presumed that all
she force that law would devoted to the mainsn
snce Of those who in the sister Kingdom had acquired
power and wealth, and who, on that account might
safely be regarded props OF the throne friends
and alies Of the tilted people who always fitting
ssound 1t and taskng It's shadow. The
presumption did not turn out TO he erroneous.
those who, by conGscaton became possessors Of the
soil in Ireland were, by the very act converted
into enemies Of the Irish people, and in order TO seek
pF0teoton In their so-caled rights had to rely the
Parliament and the arstocracy Of Great Britain This
rstauce not misplaced Parliament passed the
srngent enactments for the purpose Of enabling
abe proprietors hold with tight grasp the lands
they had acquired that had been acquired for them
by the sword OF the conleror while the unhappy serfs
left without the slightest legal protection, placed
utterly at tho mercy Of the landowners, who feeced
ahem with oppressive exactons. This state Of th ngs
continued down to the period Of the Parliamentary
Of Ireland with England The landlords then,
in the hope Of getting the peassntry and farmers
Their side In the county elections began 10 give leases
and seemed inclined 10 SET their faces against the
forcemert Of the penal laws which had been passed
against tho Catholics N the reigns OF Elizabeth and
william The Third. "A better feeling appeared to be
growing up between landlord and tenant but
b unhappy hour for Ireland Daniel o'Con-
neil commenced mis- agitation for "emanc paon,'
- IL has been called The people thought that this
movement was going 10 give them more liberty az re-
snrded their mode Of dealing with the land, well
liberty OF conscience True, gave them moro
eriy OF conscience, but II did not secure them in their
homes; ef, them without any kind OF protection,
cep whatever they might derive from the consideration
Of the andhoders. The struggle went fercely on
emancipation" obtained. The result the ele-
bench OF few Catholic judges and the ap
Io,nimen TO Office Of some Catholic placehuners, whie
she OF the Catholic people, whose only
the cultivation Of the SOIL then than
thrown utterly the mercy OF the landlords who
naturally shoald have been the projectors OF the people,
bu, who had become exssperaed with their serfs'
because they had voted against them at the
elections, and gave the weight Of their influence
OConnel and the Catholic clergy. When real dis
sIess came upon the people neither OConneli
the priests had the power Of helping them, and
1.-The Lberaor" and his party must have fel; mortAcd
when they the landlords taking their revenge by
exiermnatng the people in thousands. 1t is this
termination that has flied the cities AID towns Of
America with IRISH people. o'ConneIl began at the
wrong end II he had sought in the 1rst instance, for
tenant rchfor the permanent settlement Of the people
upon their own so--hc might in all probability, have
scn,eved that grand obiec; bot il seems 10 DO the
unanimous opinion OF tho Irish people themselves that
Caiholic emancipation has been small gain indeed,
compared with the great advantage they would have de-
ived from land code like that Of Stein and Harden
icrp, which rendered the peasants Of Prussia inde
pendent OF the nooles. Emancipation have
tised placed few Catholics in power Some OF them
very worthless men, Ike Mr. Justice Koogn and Mr.
Justice Fitzgerald Tenant right wsuld gwen
possession OF Their farms, and raised them en-
ugely above the reach and power o. she landlords.
Among the grievances Of ireland may lie principally
enumerated Its present and system the Established
Church Any effort abolish the iat,er without pull
ing down the former would he rcriee, farce The |
abolition OF the Church Establishment would be but poor
comfort to the Irish farmer peasant who stands every
hour IN mortal dread Of the hain the .'nolice TO
qrhn There IS nothing to which the IRISH farmer
ehnrs with much tenacity as his "bit OF land"
When stung TO death by notice OF ejectment he goes
and shoots the landlord his agent he believes he
90 putting out OF the way enemy Of his race who
has usuped what belongs 10 Inn. In this way he in
Asviduares the struggle that has existed between the
eAtve IRISH and the descendants OF the conscaors Of
sher lands for three hundred years Il has long
end bloody struggle. II IL nearly over the Irish
fst disappearing from their native land and if they
mol shortly Obtain some legislative protection recogniz-
sing their right i've the SOIL they viii be utterly
swept out OF existence.
The landlords do not relax anything OF their severity.
The the evils Of the country accumulate the
che lords OF the soil disposed lear oct the in
habianta To show 10 what degree this determination
system las been carried OF, and the cruelty |
us operation, We may state the follow.
ing nce:--Thres or four years ago . land. |
nord named John George Adsir, who resides |
Dublin purchased a remote district Of
che county OF Donegal shortly after OF Mr. Ada
hAnirs shot dead. The bailia bad been serving
''notees 10 quit those dread OF the law
which the Irish peasant regards with much horror
end devastation. Mr. Adair jumped TO the conclusion
shai OF the tenants his Donegal committed
this murder and thereu2on he ordered the cxieri.
nation OF every tenant living upon that property.
With the aid OF the sheriff aud police aud armed with
those rdous powers which the Parliament OF Eng
land places the hands Of landlords Mr. Adalr drove
nearly three hundred people from their homes. Re
caused their houses to be pulled down and cveled with
the dust and the unhappy tenants who had resided