White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1867-07-04
fir tBe farn'tr.
SeasonabIe Hints.
THE ORCHARD.

THE ORCHARD.
There 10 q 6ne promise OF fruit in eve
~ healthy orchard this year. and great
care should be taken lest the prospect be
marrsd By the csrelessnes or negrect Of
the owner. The roots of trees should
not Be disturbed by the pillow or cnltiva-
tor, or the bark OF the trunks wouudei
by the whiffls-trses. An orchard may
be kent in fine state of cultivation by
growing root crops. such as ruta-bsgas.
msngold wurzsls. beets. parsnips. car.
tots, or potatoes. These being low top
ped plants, they do not injure the trees
BY shading them TOO much, and Is they
are, or ought to be. well manured and
kept free from weeds. the fruit trees get
the benefit OF this treatment.
In every neglected orchard destructive
insects are now at work. and their injuri-
ous effect will soon be seen by the dissp-
pearsnce of the foliage. the premature ri.
peuipg of the fruit, or the decay and
death of the trees. There is not much
use in extirpsting the borer from the
base Of the tree. If the tsnt-caterpillsr or
canker-worm is permitted to appropriate
the folisge. These insects may be des-
troyed. yet the fruit may be seriously
damaged by the apple-worm. The or
chsrdist has to carry on the war against
all these insects at the same time.
From various correspondents we learn
that bsrk-lice are very numerous this
season. and we are asked for some reme-
dy TO prevent their attacks. A solution
of whale oil soap is the best wash for
trees infested by these troublesome yer.
min. 1t is also the best application for
preventing the ravages of the rose slug.
and various other leaf-esters. and sup.
ply should be always in readiness, cspe-
cially before the leaves are damaged by
these insects.
Summer pruning should never be neg.
lected, for by means of it the trees will
be prevented from making large growth
Of unnecessary wood, and their energies
wilt be directed to the formation Of fruit.
buds for the ensuing year. Newly plant.
ed trees should be examined. and the soil
sround them pulverized and covered
with 3 mulch to retain moisture. Grsfts
should be examined. and il the wax has
fallen Of it should be replaced.
THE FRUIT GARDEN.
Grape vines require constant attention
throughout the Summer, in order to keep
them from making an undesirable growth
of wood. to prevent mildew, and to pro.
tect the foliage from the numerous leaf.
eating insects which assail it. Among
these the hog-csterpillar. q species Of
sphinx. is very destructive, eating large
holes in the leaves and nipping Of the
unripe fruit. These devourers should be
picked off by hand. They are large and
easily detected. A solution of whale.oiI
soap will be fonnd very efFectual against
the smaller class of insects-enemies of
the grape vine. 1t should be nut on
with syringe; by which means the under.
sides of the leaves may be reached.
Cherry trees are laden with fruit this
year, notwithstanding the attacks of the
slug and curculio. 1t has been ascer.
tanned by DR.. Harris, and others, that
the cherry.worm. SO common in this
fruit, produces at maturity. the same
kind Of curculio as that of the plum.
The same precaution should therefore be
taken to protect cherries from the attacks
Of the insect as plums.
Cherry trees are remarks able for health
and productiveness when the trunks are
shaded from the sun. DR.. Kirkland sta.
ted several years ago. before a committee
of the Ohio Pathological Society, that q
row of bearing cherry trees on his grounds
standing on the north side of an Usage
orange hedge. where the trunks were
completely shaded from the sun, exhibit.
ed superior Usefulness. He recommends
the shading of trees by strips of thin
board six inches wide, so as to inclose
the trunk.
The cherry and pear slugs are very de.
structive to the foliage of these trees.
They should be driven of the leaves by
clouds of Gne dust of any kind-ashes
are very useful for this purpose. The
busting should take place in the morn.
ing. when the dew is on the leaves. as at
this time it will stick to the soft bodies
of the Sings and destroy them.
Small fruit ofevery kind should be at
tended to and prevented from being dam
aged by water. and sand or mud. Rssp.
berries and black berries should be train
cd to stakes or low trellisss-currsnts
and gooseberries propped when the bran
ches are ready to break with the weight
of fruit.
z THE VEGETABLE GARDEN.
As fss. as early crops have been used.
the soil which they occupied should be
turned up with the spade and prepared
for other crops. In this way two crops
may be rsised of the same piece of land
in one season. An abundance OF plants
should always be in readiness to Gil up
every vacant spot that may occur from
the failure of seed. or the gathering of
early crops.
Weeds should be ertermiuated. This
10 easiest done by sowing all kinds of veg
etables in drills. and keeping the spaces
between the drills. and in the rows be.
tween the plants. frequently stirred with
the hoe. II hand wedding is necessary
it should always be done when the
ground is moist, as the weeds will come
up without breaking and leaving the