The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1867-03-28

Ny DEAR D: | have sent you the
four papers | wrote for Fraser's Magazine,
bound together, and you now have everything
have vet published on political economy.
told you | was writing something that would
interest you ii was about strikes and ep>op;
Grafton. But / am too i'll at present to do
any serious work rightly, and the thing has
come to q stand still, which am sorry for;
and beside there are several points in these
books Of mine which intended to add notes
to. and it seems little likely shall get that
done either. So think the best thing l can
do is to write you a few simple letters which
sii not fret me, as il does to write carefully
In one way or another shall thus get what l
most want to say said TO you. Then you can
read il to other people, or send 1t where you
think It mas be useful. ! especially want
you, for one thing, to understand the sense In
which the word " cooperate is used in my
books You will fud am always pleading
for it; and yet | don't at all mean the CO.
operation of partnership as opposed to the
system Of wages which is now so gradually
extending .seltameag oar great Erurs am
giad 10 Zee il doing SO, Jet not altogether
glad for none Of yod who are engaged in the
Immediate struggle between the system of co.
operation and the system Of nssteFship know
how much the dispute involves, and none OF
us know the results to which il may finally
lead For the alternative is not in reality
only between two modes OF conducting bus,>
ness-it is between Two l,Ae eaA states of So
pety. IL rs not fine question whether the
amount Of wages, no greater in the end than
that e. present received By the msn, may not
be psid TO them In a way which
shall give them share IN the
risks and interest in the prosperity eli the ba-
siness. The question is, really, whether the
profits which are at present taken as his own
right BY the person whose capital or energy,
or ingenuity has made him head Of the hrm,
are no. in some proportion 10 be divided
among the sulcrdinetes OF IL do not wish
fo.the moment to enter into an inquiry as to
the Just claims Of capital, or as to the pro-
portions in which profits ought to be or are
in actually existing firms, divided. ! merely
take the one assured and essential condition,
that somewhat larger income wall be IN CO.
operative firms secured to the suooII mates
by the dinuation OF the ncels ~0t the
chief And the general tendency Of ssch ~
system IS 70 i-crsase Tie "a lite ~ "a gsnce
l.ept among the scbord mates % stimulate
their ambition to enable them 10 lay by, II
they are proyideut, more ample and more
early provision; aud to torn IN the end
vast class Of persona wholly different from
The existing operative-nemhers OF society
10 procure, not indeed many OF the luxnries
bu; sll the comforts Of life. and to devote
some leisure TO the attainmenis of liberal eu
uca,ion aud to the other objects Of free life.
On the other hand. 10y the exact sum which
is divided among them more than their pres
eut wages the fortune Of the man who, I'M
dor the present system, takes ali the pfoAts
az the business. will be diminished and the
requirement Of large private fortnnee by the
regular means, and all the conditions oil lie
belonging to such fortune, will be rendered
impossible in the mercantile community.
Now, the magnitude OF the social change
hereby involved and the consequent differ
ences In the moral relations between indivld-
uals. have not as yet been thought OF, much
less estimated, by any Of your writer's on
commercial subjects; and It Is heeaufe 10
not vet eael aGe ~ grappie with them that
have left untouched in the books | send
Won. the question of cooperative labor.
When | use the word cooperation,
il il not meant to refer to these new constr
tutions Of firms at all. | used the word IN o
far wider sense, rs opposed, not TO master
hood. 5n. to competition. 40 not mean,
for instance, by cooperation, that all the
master bakers in town are to give share oil
their profits to the men who 60 out with the
bread but that the masters are not to tIY 70
undersell each other nor seek TO get the
others business, but are all TO form one So
ciety, selling to the public under common
law Of severe penalty for unjust dealing, and
at an established price 90 not mean tba
all bankers clerks should be partners ID The
hank. but do mean that all bankers SHOULD
be members of great national body, answer
able as a society for all deposits, and that th'
private business of specializing with othe
peopes money should take another nam
than that OF banking Ard for hual u
stance. mean hy go operation, not onl.
fslloxships between trading firms but be-
tween trading nations, so that 1t shall M
more be thought as II rs now, With 'ludicrou
and vain selhshness, an advantage Tor on
nation TO updersell another and take It's oc
cnnsuon away from il. but that the prims
and eternal law Of vital commerce shall b
OF all men understood, namely, that every ia
ton is fitted. By the character and nature Q
its territuEles. tor some particular employ
ments or manufactures. and that 1t IS the tru
interest of every other nation to encourage
in such specially, and no means 70 inter
fare with. but Ia all ways TO forward ami pre-
tect is efforts, ceasing all rivalship with 1t 8
soon az it is strong enough to occupy its prt
per place. You see, therefore, that the ide
OF cooperation in the sense IN which en-
ploy it, has hardly yet entered into the m'nc
Of political inqurers; and will not pursue
AZ present. bat return TO that form OF 1t whlc
il beginning 70 obtain credenee and praetic
among US. This, however, must be In 10
loving letter. lam, &c, J.RusKls.
REcyPrYos or AN AmERIcAx AsBAssADo
ArTug CouRr-oF MApAeAscAs.-The Pate
son IN. J.) Guardian gives an account of
visit by Major Eiaalemeir, United Stat'
Representative at Madagascar, to the Queei
at her Capital. Antanamsrivo, whittier ne vi
carried IN I seaan chair by sixteen stout ns
groes, the journey lying through paths in Il
woods and over monntsius, and lasting FOL
days: saa
uBefore entering the city, twelve Office
OF the Qaeen in gaia npliorm and enc hu
dred soldiers. with a band Of music, can
GU, and took him into the Capital The Que
cent Mr.. Flnklemeir . spsendsd herse 70 ~
into the city and an officer whs spoke se
GOOD English accompanied the party.
entering The city thousands of people We
out 20 see him aud vitpess the display. /
hand preceded him and saInse OF seven gu
was 6red from the Queen spalace.
ssOn Sunday she sent an escort OF paia
officers to conduct him to the throne, whe
.he sst in state with her Ministers arou
her. and large numbers Of ladies' and gensl
men, all in Europesn costumes, the Qae
ve~r;ur white brecAde with . Hanrhel
cloak hanging from the shoulder She ars
and extended her hand for him to kiss a. J
entered, and he kissed her white kids
cording TO court etiquette. The Queen
about iifty years Of age, quite tall and
educated ard quite graceful.
"Mr. Finklemeir was sstonished TO see
skin what we in Americs would call WIN
and looking yossg fos seF - AT; =.
snes.s. A great deal Of gold apdembrqid'
"a displayed in the court dresses Of v
nre.eut. md tho diaplay vasi really qu
brilliant. The dinner took from :: =.
10 srnishs, and wss sissa 4 ? Splendid h
nth 4 fine band Of mssic pleying beicfe
forty guests. The dinner anu the VINE GO
not Be- excelled even IN Europe; ne 81
e ChisA md silv~ - AdeEs4 ~ saes
II ~