The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1864-1911, 1866-03-07

as such, by all our hearts and by all oul
/ arms.
The Constitution Of the United States
/ and the treaties and laws made in purSu.
ance thereof are acknowledged to be para
mount law in this whole country. Who,
over, therefore, is true to these principles
! as now recognized, is loyal as far as that
J term has any legitimate use or force under
/ our Institutions. This is the only kind Of
! loyalty aud the only test of loyalty the Con
stitution itself requires. In any other view,
everything, partaining to restoration, 50 far
as regards the great body of the people in at
least eleven States of the Union, is but ma.
king promise tothc car 70 be broken to the
hone. Al, therefore, who accept the issue
Of war in good faith, and come up to the
test required by the Constitution, are now
loyal, however they may have heretofore
been.
But with this change comes new order
of things. One ef the results Of the war is
a total change in our whole internal policy.
Our former social fabric has heen entirely
subverted like those commissions in ma
ture which break up old incrustations, the
war has wrought a new epoch in our po'iti-
cal existence. Old things have passed
away anu an 'ftIlSS Uniting 10 III lllIS IcSpCCl
are new. t
The relation heretofore, under our old
system, existing between the African and
European races, no longer exists. Slavery
as it was called, or the status Of the black
race. their srbordinatiCn to the white, upon
which all our institutions rested, is sabolishcd
forever. not only in Georgia, but throughout
the limits of the United Statcs
frl;g al,,,rr, .6, l.
ed as an rreyocahle fact 1t is buotlcss
question nov to di,cuss, whether the new
system is better for both races than the Old
one was on not. That may be proper matter
for tho phiIosophic and philanthrol ic li-tu-
rian, at some future time TO inquire into,
after the new system shall have been fully
and fairly tried.
M changes of systems, or proposed re-
forms, are but experiments and problems
to he solved, Our system Of self government
was an experiment ut first. Perhaps as a
problem il Is not yet solved, Our present
duty on this subject is not with the past or
the future. 1t is with the present. The
MiScyt Al the btst often err il tEcir judge
merits as to Tie pulaLlc workings OF amy
new system, Let us therefore give this one
a fair and Just trial, without prejudice, and
with that carntsturss of rurpnSe which al
ways looks hopefully to success. 1t is an
pathological problem, on the solution Of
which dcnds not only tie best interests of
bothrRces, but, it may be, the existence Of
one orthc otkcr, it.act 'cth.
b This duty oft sAing this Ncw ,,j'stcfl affair
aiid jh$t ti,ai VIII rtQuneof you, as leglsa-
tors of Tie land, great changes in our former
laws in regard to this large class of nopua-
ticn. Ni>c and humane provisions should
be made for them. Il is not ior me to go
into detail. Suffice it to ray on this occa-
sion, that ample and fnll protection should
be secured tothctn, so that they nay stand
equal hctoreethc law. in the possession and
enjoyment Of all nights OF person, liberty
and property. Many. considerations, claim
this at yont Hands Among these may be
stated theiriidciity in times past. They
cultivated your fields; ministcrcd to your
personal Wahts and comforts nuIStd and
reared your children; and even in the hour
OF danger and peril they were in the main,
true to you and yours 10 them we owe a
debt Of gratitude as well as acts Of kind
ness. 7 his should alSc hc done because hey
are poor. rntutored, uniniGrmca many of
them helpless liable to be imro,cd upon,
and need it. Legislation should ever lock
to the protpcfiin of the weak against the
equality Of races, or their natural ra9acity
to bcecle equal, no one can doubt that at
this time this race amoug us is not equal to
the Caucasian This inequality does not
lessen the moral Obligations On the part Of
the superior to the inferior, it rather in
crrascs them From him who has much,
more is requiied than from him who has
little. The present generation Of th,m, it
is true, is far above their savage progeni-
tors, who were at first introduced into this
country, in general intelligence, virtne, and
moral culuic, This shows capacity for I'M
provcmcnt. But in all the higher chalac-
tcristics Of mental development, they are
still very far below the European type
What further advancement they may make
or to what standard they may attain, under
different system of laws every way sui,a-
ble and wisely applicable to their changed
condition, time alone can disclose, | speak
of them as we now know them to be, hav-
ing no longer the protection of a master, Of
legal guardian; they now need all the pro-
lection which the shield Of the law can give
But, above all, this protection should be
secured because it is right and just that it
should be, upon general principles. All
governments. in their organic structure, as
well as in their administration. should have
this leading Object in view; the good Of the
governed. Protection and security to all
under its jurisdiction should be the chiet
end of every government 1t is a mclan-
choly truth that while this should he the
chief end Of all governments, most Of them
are used only as instruments of power, for
the agrandizcment Of the few at the cx
pense of and by the oppfcsSion of the many.
Such are not our ideas Of government, ncv-
CT have been and never Should be. Gov
ernmcnts, according to our ideas, should
be. Governments, according to our ideas,
should look to the good of the whole, and
not part only. Tho greatest good to the
greatest number, is a tavorite dogma with
some Some so defended our old system;
but you know this was meyer my doctrine.
The greatest good 70 all, without dctri-
ment or injury to any, is the true rule
Those governments only are founded upon
ccrrect principles OF reason and justice,
which look to the greatest attainable adj
yanccemcmt, improvement and progress,
physically, intellectually and morally, Of all
classes and conditions within their rightful
jurisdiction. If our old system was not
the bost, or could not have been made the
best for both races in this respect and upon
this basis, it ought to have been abolished.
This was my view of that system while it
lasted. and Irereat itnow that it is no more.
In legislation therefore under the new sys-
TEN, yon should look to the interest Of all
classes; their protection, security, advance
ncnt, and Improvement, physically, ihtell-
ectually and morally. All Obstacles, if
there be any should lie removed, which can
possibly hinder or retard the Improvement
Ct the blacks to the extent of their capa-
city. All prorer aid should he given to
their own efforts. Channels of education
should be opened up to them. Schools and
the usual means of moral and intellectual
training, should be encouraged among them.
This is .he dictate. not only Of what is riybt