, 1866-03-19

FtuuEItn.... E5 buU 55b VI a7,5o0
The weight Of the bales VARIES from $50 to t
415 pounds. Some Of tho estimates on the |
average yield per acre may exceed the actual
crop, bat it Is generally believed by cotton !
Faiscrs thai 500 pounds per acre Is low aver- /
age. This estimate Is made for cotton Ia the |
seed, and it takes from 2H to 81 pounds In |
seed to make one pound III lint.
The above Is believed 10 ba a full and fasr !
report Of the cotton crop raised In 1865 IN the
counties named, but II IL moi claimed that
cacll one has received just credit for the
amount raised In 1t:
Thtee-iourths Of MI tie crop Eassed In the
State has been collected ut the various points
on the Illinois Central railroad, where It has
been ginned and baled, and at nearly an the
points where there arc gins md prcsscs, 1t has
been received from various counties. Some Of
the cotton raised In Hardin and Gallatia
countie. wns taken 10 gin and press ii Saline.
md hauled thence to Carho,ldafe, ID
jackson county, a distance of about seventy
| five miles. It ID therefore quite probable that
some counties hare received m estimate above
the aeiusa crop, whilc others may he below
More cotton has hcsn collected ut Carbon
dale than at any other point on the railroad.
| There ara eleven gins and four presses at
THIS place, md all have been kept busy slnce
the cotton commenced, and some have yet
months work ahead. There had been ship
ped from this place, up to the LIST 81 February.
two thousand one hundred and slxty-six
balcs, from Dongo)a eight hundred and SIX
bales, and from South Pass ffty~fye bales
The cotton crop will succeed rs well, OF per-
haps better. In counties along 1he ONO Avc5
1t rarely fails there, the wonder Ia that It has
| not bcen raised moro extensively. AS it IL cer~
tain1y one Of the most profitable crops the
farmers Of Southern Illinois can produce. But
lies Of that splrit of: industry md enterprise
which generally follows the wake Of rail-
roads.
been md will be shipped on the illinois Cen
York. Through freight s2,40 pr hundred
pounds.
largest source OF revenue to the farmers OF
southern Illinois, and is rapidly taking the
arc being made for the cotton crop the COIN
irC season. 1ands have been enhanced in
| value, and rents, in some Instances. In fnyora'
BILE localities, have doubled over that Of Last
year. Tie largest amount OF cotton brought
. into the market has been produced BY small
farmers, without much labor, willie = few
. hare planted and cultivated from twent live
: to hundred acres, and some hiring all work
: done. 4. B. fcnton, oi Cairo, who has had
considerable experience in ralaing cotton,
. land, at SIS per acre, which corresponds very
nearly with the experience Of Gregg & Co.. Of
! | Carbonda1e, who rented eighty acres last
spring. lired all the work done and paid the
rent At a cost Of FISTS per acrc, the cost Of
picking and hauling to gin Ii about the same
as cultivating, making The total cost per acre
$3.50. The average yield per acre Is eight
. hundred pounds, worth at nine cents Per
pound, 81 making clear profit Of S34-30
per acre, .... ...-.
farmers who have had expcrience-in cotton
raising, that the average cost Of cultivation
| will lot exceed FL per acre, and the cost Q!
+ picking the past season wns greater than 1t
+ viii probably be another year, in consequence
E Of Tie scarcity OF labor. Tie first picking
u last yesr WIS done at cost Of one cent to ont
| aud 4 balf cents per pound in seed, but befort
l. lie crop vas 1lf gathered many were CON
e pulled to pay from two to two and hal
. cents per pound. An ordinary hant ~
u GOOD one from one hundred and hfty to twt
e. hundred pounds per DAY..
:. The cotton crop IN the Southern counties Il
- relied on almost as certainly as that Of corn
- and even at half the present prices. VIII yaels
:. the farmer larger profit than any Of the OF
!! binary crops Ii has been successfully ralsct
= hc1c In snoll patches since the settlement Q
Z the county, md for tEenty years has not me
j. with as complete failure a. that OF 1864. y
4. say the old settlers.
II mer experience. proves coDclussFely tha
nj Southern Illinois Is a cotton growing country
IN But Notwithstanding tlfs, and inasInuch q
n. thrrc s no telling when old frost will CON
Is along aud nip of the plant, and IN view OF th
~ ~ extensive preparations being made for th
~ crop next year. l shall leas volunteer ms at
~ rice to smnu farmers to pfnnt first suf1cien
IT. breadth In corr, wheat and potatoes, for th
IS, support Of their families, md then put th
"a extru labor on cotton, which VIII be likely I
al lire their pockets with C1eeneacks-
;. The manner Of preparing the ground for tn
u cotton crop, the planting and cultiyating, al
nj alI peculiar, aud different from the usual pr
i'd cess Of raising corn. The breaking Of the Ian
should be shallow, say from two to thre
re- locl,es. Two fur1ows are thrown two fee
n, nine inches to thrce fect apart, sometime
~ leaving space of three or four inches III
=. broken between tIe1n; tAe spaces bt
s tween the roEs are then ploTed on1
tas sonnai Enniro a,nas 1nfn snaSi pn
to ridges Of sufficient depth, ID which the see
10 arc drilled 80 thick that i they were place
he down by hard they would almost touch eac
In harrow, turned upside down, and when NJ
no thirped out with common hoe to sig {
eft eight inches apart In deep loose soil, Il
ed main root Of the cotton plant grows reI
,u- large, and neneuates, very deep Into Il
and branches. Tic object Of shallow ploV
m. fng is to prevent the main root pcnetratin
- far into ttle ground, nnd thereby dwarf Il
=. - plant md hasten the formation Of the boil
'oc and IL the seasou Ii very favorable to Il
sd month of August Or September, when Il
TO bolls begin 10 open, 70 check the growth t
N. running coulter close along each side oi Il
ell rows, cutting of the side roots, and to Y
10 the plants with Il COTE knife or mowi1
The scythe.
m The first process Of cultivation Is the use
o, q scrspcr made for tho purpose, which is n
ia along close 10 tho plants on each side; al
aes for thorough cultivation it requires from thr
ct. to four times going over With the scraPe
:. harrow and p1ow, and from two to three tim
- | with the hues.
~ Considerable progress had been made In q
~ iecting the cotton statistics, before that
tobacco WAS suggested TO my mind. HcSel
fore In some Of the counties this has been I
10 most profitable crop raised. a 1u1 relk
cu- would show that the tobacco crop of sout
Ing en- Illinois, IN point Of value, was seco
ln9 only to That Of the cotton crop Of 1875.
nd. general report only from few Of the count
In can be given at present, .o,,
.f # amonnt realized &l1,SS0. Williamson counl
~. 900 bids. slag,ooj. johnson county. -
W. w. lids, s2l4, 500. Pope county, 500 hhd
M f96,000. Hardin county, 100 nhds;, SLY ~
,,1y Ga1latln county, $50 hhds:, sHS. AZ la'
"a, and are wor3h from 10 II cents per pound
ID. ,nnnS ~ 1hat ~ Enn+rrtr leaf. The stap
as1- ii cotton and tobacco, taken in connectl
zee with the great variety Of luzuriant fruits,
the the saiub1ity of the climate, make southt
ped Illinois the most desirable portion OF
pen stntc,. to those looking out new homes
ess, which to locate.
the Respectfully submitted,
lie. 4. j. rEARCf
, OF Cent1alia7 March S, 1856.
IN l
" I<u11erppt Persecution OF India
Home Guards.
[Currespondcuce Indianapolis Gazaste, 13th.
SULLIVAN CouxII. March t, 1aG
rom Ms. Editor:
re-. 4 few days ago there was "a
/ ..:-x. .r t.-r+ ~ f3,a ~