Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-09-28

.noinU oht boYGs Lur rGY lr9iT9pB
pei three TfouYthEofI the, States to vote for
negro suffrage, then these eleven States
Will be Hungary, d Poland, an 1reland, TO
beruled over by the military rod for years
to come. YouHmay depend upon litytbe,
people Of the United States will D9t RG7d
waste their energies and their rfieneyl1rI
enforcing solimp6sibleIa "a pfopositionrbzII
Let uslnow pass to the speech of MIR
| Henderson, of Missouri, one of the most
radical members OF the Senate, who offered
the following amendment to the ConsBitdEi
ton: a(See Globe Of 1886, page ll5.)oi 2ni9d
"ARTIcLE IA. No State in. prescribing,
the qualifications requisite for electors
therein shall discriminate against any per-
son on account of color or race@ niJ2no)
In. speaking against the proposition to-
amend the CONSTITUTION as tits now Offered
by the Radical party, he said; ,,0J ..i,r
EXTRACTS FROM. HEND ERSoE'S, SPEECH,
tFrom tho Congressional Globe Of 1890, pages ,llS,
| -- I" L-'I Jif'IJ iI6, &6Ii .t9linIE bli3li1J
| lt'Mr. Henderson-At an, early period Of
the session the prevailing sentiment, Look
ling to the object ] have Indicated was In
favor of simple constitutional proVisl0nI
by which Representation should be. based
on dvoters qualified as electors under the
State Constitutions and laws. This, it was,
Thought, to8uLd force Me South TO dckito,oE-
edge The political rights Of he ne5ro.I IaLS
deed. 10 had no other object. / am hot for
disgracing, nor; will n disguise, for party
purposes, the, object had in view In this or
other measures. 1t is no time for disseih-
bling. Thezquestiohs are too great, the-in-l
terests Mt stake too large for dissimQlation.
Any attempt now at atcolcealment is absurd
ISiE 8Sfi E9rse than PpSpFd lsif IS not
.gsino 3oR0l "u.r.ul&
"treferto this MEASURE CHASING. repre-
sentation on YOters)s its former popularity,
and the strange and sudden disfavor into
which it fell, to warn Senators against the
danger of sectional or selfish considerations
in the settlement of the great question be-
fore us. Absolute justice seemed to be,
stamped upon the face of the measure, and.
Representatives were ready to accept 1t, as
they would accept demonstration of Eu-i
cid. 1t was ialrl would apply to all the
States alike, aud its great merit was that it
secured beyond doubt the great end desired
-aedf6 suffrage In the Southern States. The
political penalty attached to its denial was
too heavy to be bornO. Just at this mo-,
ment, a young and talented representative
from Maine (Mr Blaine) thought he would
examine the figures. He betook himself
to tile census and found the proposition
| NOulu nOJ uO. IL SuuuGLly DCCdilt ullJNSIg
Why unjust1 Because, if adopted, the
Eastern and Atlantic States would lose poto-
er comparatively With the West. The active
aud enLerprising young men of those States
are in the habit of emigrating West, The
loonlen are left, but men seek their fortunes
in larger fields of adventure. -' ."
~He discovered that in 1850 the entire
population OF California was $40, ,994; and
that out of that,number 273, 3,337were males
and only 106.6j7 were females. He discov-,
cred also that IllinOis had S9S,0i1 white
males and only S05,3j0 females; an excess
OF 93,59l, enough to give Illinois an addi-
tonal member of Congress under the eou-
templated rule. He discovered also that
| Louisiana had an excess of niales over fe-I
males Of 22,000; Kansas 11,0O0; Iowa 3f,-,
600; Indiana $4,000; Missouri 63,000, and
| other Western and Southwestern States in
| like proportion, while Connecticut, New
Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, Mas
sachusetts and the AtlauticiStates general
lv have an excess of females over males,---,
Hence, while, the rule might GoeTce the
Southern States to adopt negro suffrage, it
would at the same time weaken the repre-
sentative power OF the East; in other
words while it might coerce the Southtto
adopt negro suffrage, it might drive the
North and East to tUOn,dn suffrage, for
which they were not prepared. The very
moment DIR. Blaine made some figures on
the subject ard laid them before the House
of Representatives, the proposition was
dead forever. ''N- "'' -"-"t.'. ..
- %s.gI* sr - y.iu#1ui. i*.Era
Representation was purposely made un-
equal in the Senate, but in the lower House
it was purpoSely placed where the States
could not alter it If they would.JIt was
based, not on voters, but oultbe masses of
the people, old and young, black and white,
sane and insane, excluding Indians not
taxed, and including three-ffths of slaves.
There was q contest rs TO whether slaves
should be represented in the federal basis.
There was never any contest as to free per-
sons. All admitted the Justice of including
them in the ratio. In the fifty fourth NUM-
Der of the FederdliSt, Mr.. Madison says .
g. 1t is not eOntended that the number of
people in each State ought not to be the
standard for regulating the proportion Of
those who are to represent the people Of
each State.'H !DHu5G 9.i .D2.J.i .l)iI9lQ
"He says further in that connection that
"'The establishment of the same rule for
the apportionment of taxes will be prob
ably as little contested 'f' ''u1.l 7N3-' 800
although he insists the rule in the latter
case is not founded on the same principle.
This is true. Nobody can doubt that rep
resentation should be based on popula-
tion. Faxes may properly be based oif
wealth; but is it not mOnstrous that a
proposition should be urged at this day of
experience in the science of government,
that representation should be substantially
confined TO voters, while taxation IS pur-
posely left to be RppOrtiou6dU on numbers?
-" Missouri has now a greater population
than Massachusetts,. Massachusetts has
three times her acedlh. Under THIS rule
Missouri VIII pay larger taxes than Massa2
chusetts, and have less power ia .COngress.n
Dir, Henderson thea read from table
showing that Rhode Island would gain one;
Maine, one; Massachusetts, one; and Yer
mont, one in Congress, under the proposed
amendment. ''illa 3Ig uoi'93ll or 10 >Je3q
- *lL.untpA ~ c1. ~ b,s.r* ~ gJg -
."To show the monstrous Injustice, how
ever, that may result from the proposed
amendment, may state that shouldf It be
adopted and a direct tax of $20,000O0O be-
'leviedithe eapportionmepttoV Virginia would,
be $1,0l5,2S0. The, representation OF Vir-,
ginia in the lower branch would be nfne
members. The State of Illinois, with si1-
teen members in Congress, would pay but
81; ;0SS, ,S00,,", ,l-,o,EE t,,..fgI,tus..
We wifi now quote from John x. Bing-
ham, of Ohio, to show the purpose of all
these anlendnaents.yoW in9a ,l1tm 3tT"
EXTRACT FROM BIN9HAMS SHEECH. 4 |
From the Congressional JGobe Of 1896 page 4se,
XAXfXth Congress,J
"Mr, Bingham This Is the provision Of.