The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-03-28

time amend those laws in such manner as while
supservlDg the public welfare, not TO leopard the
rights, interests and liberties Of the people.
The seventh secton provides that fee of ten dol'
lars shall be paid to each commissioner In every case
brought before him; and fee Of Eve dollars TO his
deputy or deputies for each person no or they may
arrest and take before any tuch commissioner with
such other fees may be deemed by such
commissioner In general for performing such other
duties as may be Ieag red IN the premises All these
States, whether there IS convection not; but in
cnse OF convection they are to he recoverable from
fuence of such temptation bad men might convert
any law, however benehcent, IntOEan instrument OF
BY the eighth section of the bill the United States
courts, which nt only in one place TOR white citi-
zens, must migrate, the marshal ana distnct attor
ney and necessarily the clerk, although he Is not
mentioned to any part Ct the district upon the order
of the PRESIDENT and there hold court for the pur
pose Of the speeOy arr est and trial of persons
char ged with violation Of this act and tn ere the
Judge and the officers of the court must remain on
the order of the President for the time deegnated.
The ninth section authorizes the President, such
person as he may empower for that purpose, to en-
plOy such part OF the land OF naval forces of the
United STATES, or of the militia, shall be neces
sary to prevent the violation and enforce the due
execution of this act. THIS language seems to Imply
an important military force that is De always at
hand, and whose only business is to be the enforce
ment Of this message over the vast region where 1T
do not propose TO consider the policy of this bill
To me the details of the bill fTaught with evil
The white race and the black race OF the south have
hitherto lived together under the relation of master
and save-capltal owning labor. Now, suddenly
and labor are divorced. They stand now each master
OF se-ln this new relation one being necessary to
the other
There will be new adjustment, which both are
deeply interested in making harmonious. Each has
equal power in setting the forms, and if left to the
laws that regulate capital and labor, 1t is conf
IDENTIFY believed that they will satisfactorily work
out the problem. Capital, 1t is true, has more in-
telliRence, but labor never ignorant as not to
unde erstand It's own interests, not TO know its own
value, and not TO see that capital must pay that
value This bill illustrates this adjustment II in
telVeupa between capital and labor attempts to
settle questions OF political economy through
the agency Of numerous officials whose interest It
Will be to foment discord between the two races
far as the breach wdens, their employment will con.
tnue, and when 1t is Iclosed their occupation will
terminate IN all our history in all our experience,
as a people living under Federal and State law. No
such system that contemplated by the details of
this bill has ever before been proposed or adopted
to establish for the security OF the colored race safe.
guards which 70 infinitely beyond any that the
General Government has ever ever provided ior the
color is by the bill made TO operate IN favor OF the
colored and against the white race.
They interfere with the municipal legislation Of
the States with the relations existing exclusively
between a State and ITS citizens, or between mhaoi-
tants OF the same State-an absorption and assump-
tion of power by the General Government which, If
acquesced in must sap or destroy our Federative
TeTs which nTeserye The rights OF fhe states If
another step, or rather stride, towards centraiza
ton, and the concentration of all legislative powers
| in the National Government The tendency of tue
bill must be to resuscitate the spirit of REBEL on and
TO arrest the progress of those influences which
ClOsGly uIuHIuB Olalts llS DOuuS VI
union and peace.
| MY lamented predecessor, in his proclamation of
the 1st of January, 1S63 ordered and declared that
all persons held as slaves within certain States, and
parts OF States therein designated were and thence
forward should be 1ree and further, that the Execu
| tive Government of the United States, including
the military and naval authority thereof, would re-
cognize and maintain the freedom of such persons
This guarantee has been rendered especially obliga-
| tory and sacred by the amendment OF the Constu-
! ton abolishing slavery throughout the United
Estates. therefore fully recognize the obligatIon
10 protect and defend that class of people when
ever and wherever 1t shall become necessary, and to
the full extent compatible with the Constitution of
| the United States.
Entertaining these sentiments it only remains for
| me TO that will cheerfully cooperate with Con-
gress in any that may be necessary for the
promotion OF the civil rights of the freedmen, we'll
those of other classes of persons throughout the
United States by judicial process gunder equal and
impartial laws, in conformity with the provisions of
| the Federal Constitution. now return the bill to
the Senate and regret that in considering the bills
and joint resolutions, forty.two in number, which
have been thus far submitted for my approval, am
| compelled to withhold my assent from q second
measure that has received the sanction of both
Houses OF Congress. ANDREW JOHNSON.