, 1866-12-14

aey Of the COAST ution aud all laws made Ia pnr
suance thereof aud 70 preserve the Union viii
all tbs dignlty, equality and rights Of the seEe'
raj States unimpaired, and that as soon as thes'
objects were accomplished the war odght Y
cease. 10 some instances Senators were permit
ted to continue their legislative fAactious, while
in other instances REPRESENTATIVES were elected
and admitted 10 seats after their States had for
mAlly declared theif right to withd'aw from the
Union, and we're ehleavoring 70 maintain thai
right BY force OF arms.
All OF the States whose people were in insdr-
recIion as States, we're Included in the aPror
| ttOumeut Dr. direct tar Of tweuty millions ol
dollars annually laid upon the United States by
an act approved on the 9th of AHEust, 1861.
Congress Oy the act Of March 4th, 1852, And by
the appOrtionment of representation hereunder,
also recognized their presence ~ States in the
Cniou, and they have for judiriAl purp IsSs been
divided into districts AS States alone Can be dI>
vIded. TIE same recoghitlen appears IN the .
cent legislation IN reference t. Tennessee which
evidently rests upon the fact that the functions
Of the State were not destroyed 10y the rebellion,
but merely suspended aud that principle is OF
course AS applicable to these States wdich, like
Tennessee, attempted to renonnce their place ia
the Union. The action of the Executive De
pdrtment of the Government upon this subject
/ AS been equally dthnite and unfJr.n, aud the
purpose of tue war was stated Ia the prOclAma, =,
tion issued by my predecessor GU tue 22d day OF
September, 1859. 1t WAS then solenny pro
claimed aud declared that hereafter, as hereto
tore, the war will be prosecuted for the object
OF practically restoring the constitutional relA-
tIons between the UnIted States aud such of the
States aud the people thereof, 10 which States
that relation il or Nd ~ be suspended or disturb
ed The recognition of the States BY the id Ii.
ciai department of the Government has also
been clear and conclusive ~ all its proceedings
affecting them States and in the Supreme,
Circuit and District Court.
In the admission of Senators aud r apresenta-
tIveS from any and all OF the States, there can
be no just grounds of ApprG Ienjldn tnat persons
who not loyal VIII be clothed with the
powers of legislation, for this could not happen
wneu the Constitution and the laws ara enforced
by II vigIIaut and faithful Conaress Btch
'use j. mt th- e of tue cleo ,lod returus
an q IalidcatoLs oil its ov N ;un0srs, aud IN "
W.T.. concurrence vi tSJ-tnIrdS, expel n
me.nber Wneu Sen ttor or Representative
presents his certificate of election, he 10 " at
be admitted or rejected or should there
ne any question AS to uIs eligibility his credea
titl' may be referred for iuvesug ttlou tU the
appropriate colrIhIueeS; and At ads tIed tu n
seat il must be upoI evidence Satisfactory to the
'use Ut wuIcn lie thuS 0ecU.n:s ri sm Ger, that
ne possesses tue ri gut Constitutional add legal
qualifications. II refused adn,S,ou as mem
Der for want OF due allegiance TO the GJveru>
n!eut aud returdel t. hts cOLsInu .nts, they are
ddmIuisned tudt nOhe bat 'fsOus loyal to the
thtei S,ttes whI De allowed 4 voice in tnr
legislative COUNCILS Of the utuOu, adJ tie p Illt
ita pIwer aud TIE mJrdI Iutiu 'uce of CJdSrrs. .
are thds effectively exerted I'd Tie idtsrtst4 Of
ryAIy 10 tue GJvernI1edt aud ii leuty To tue
Ud,1L. UpUu tnIs question So vitality efecllnI
t.Ie restoration Uf Lhe UhiOa aud the psr.uduen-
~ ot our preseHt 'drm vi EJvtru,nsus, my cIh
nJ caLuge, but Oh tue contrary their correct.
ut,s confirmed by reh cuOu aud time
II tn- NIu,ssInn vi IOyLt menoers t. seats IN
tue respective Houses OF COLgrtss was " Sc aud
rXp1dieht year ago, II Is uO wise aud e3.
ptdieut now. If tnIs anO.nLiOds c0uditiOu Is
right now, aud IT iu the exact cUddtIOn of the g
States ~ Tue presedt time 1t Is lawful To exclude
hem from rel prsseutatOu, do not see thSt the
question win be changed by tue etfiux vi time.
Zen years hence, if these States remaIu dS they
are, the rigdt Of representation wal be no
Stronger, the rIght OF exclusion viii be weaker.
Tue Constitution OF the Uu,ttd States makes
1t tue duty Ut tue President to rec0dmend to
tue consideration OF Congress such Measure as
be shall Judge necessary aud expedIent. | know
of no measure more imperAtively dem tmded Uy
every consideration Of national Interests, sound
policy aud equal Justice, thdn The lmIsNOd of
loyul memuers from the uow uurepresented
AMI exert a most salutary influence IN the re-
establishment vi peace, haruiOuy and fraternal
I, ing. 1t would teId greatly tO renew the coI-
ndeuce of the An. rICan people iu tue vIgOr Ot
tue institutions. 1t would bud US more close.
Nv together as n nation aud enable US to sho to
tue world tue Inherent aud recuperdtive power
Of Government fouadsd upOh tue will Of tue
people, aud established upOd tue principles Of
nUery Justice and intelligence. Il wound Irre>
IL m, lalI nf
meats agtIusI free IustItuLiuus drawn frOm our
recent national disorders Oy the eueuiles Of Re
uulIchu government. The admIssIOu Of lOydl
memUsrS from These States now c 'cluied frOm
Congress, allIyfng dUuOt aud apprsneusIUns,
would Iur1 capital now awaiting an opportunity
fUr investment ihtO the culn'els 0i trade aud
lIdusIry. Il wound alleviate tue present ttOu
bled condition vi these States, aud Oy inducing
emlgralou aid III the settlement vi fertile regions
| now u1edltivated, aud lead to an increased pro
| ductveuess of those staples which have added
So greatly to the wealth of the NATION and the
| commerce Of tue world. New fields of enter
| pris. would be opeaed to our progressive peO
pie, and soon the devaStatlUns Of war will bs
| repaired and all traces of our domestic ditferen
ces etfaced from the minds of our cOuutrymen
Ia our efforts to preserve the uaity oil the gov
ment which constitutes Us one people, by restor-
| ing the States to the condition which they held
| prior to the rebellion, We Should be caution;
lest having fescued our nation from the perils o.
| threatened disIntegratiOn, we turn 70 coTsOida
tiou and in the end finally absolute dsspotisG
| as a reward for the recurrence Of sInfisr trou6-
les. (2l The war having terdIiuAted and with il
all OCCASION for the exercise OF powers OF doubt
full coustitutiOnality, we should hasten to bring
legislation within the boundaries prescribed By
l toe constitution and return 10 the Gncieut hnt
marks established by our fathers for the gui'
dance of future generations. Tue Constitutes
which at any time exists until ch ,uged by AZ ex
pllcit aud authentic act OF the whole people, II
sArredIy obligatory upon all. FIN the opinion .
tue people the distribution or modification Of tn'
constitutioual powers os ia any peculiar wrong
let it be corrected BY amendment in tue way u
wnicn the constitution deslguatesi bat let tner
be change by usurpation, and forms are des
troyed Washing stOn spAke these words TO hi
couutrymeu wnen, followed oy their love Aac
gratitude, he voluntarily retired from the car
of public life: "Keep ali tniags within tne pal
of our co ,stitutioaai powers, AMI cherish u
general ualoa as tue oaiy rock OF safsty. I'M
! was prescribed by Jefersoa as rule of actio,
t. his cou ,trymsn. He eajoined them % SUI