The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-02-02
&c E B E R G S .
Their Origin and dFOrmaLiOn-Leoture by
DIR. Hay es, the Arctic Explorer.

A very interesting lecture was delivered by
DR.. Hayes, the eminent Arctic explorer, at
Cooper Institute, New York. on Tuesday even
ing, by invitation of the Association for the
Advancement OF Science and Art. large and
appreciative audience was present
DR.. Hayes commenced by referring to the diff
ference between the an Cient and modern ideas of
the Hyperborcan regions, and then said that in
July, 1860, an expedition set out from the United
States to complete the explorations begun by
DR.. Kane. This expedition comprised one little
schooner Of l30 tons burden and fourteen per-
sons, who acknowledged me as their commander
The expedition reached the Greenland coast early
in August, and halting TO obtain dogs for sledge.
travelling and stock of furs, entered the ice and
reached Smiths Sound in September, where it
wntered in lat 7S deg. IL min., at o harbor which
] named Port Foulke. The long dark wiuter COM
mencing in October, terminated IN March, when
our explorations commenced, and before the
close OF the season they were pushed with dog
sledges, travelling over the frozen sea, to lati-
tude 50 degrees 40 minutes, within four hundred
and fifty miles OF the North Pole. The point of
our exploration reached, t1e most northern
known land on the globe was opportuneiy
named Cape Union, and we brought home some
more evidence of the existence of the much
talked-of Polar Sea. Being liberated by the
breaking up of the ice in the month of July,
after ten months imprisonment, we made still
further attempts to penetrate through the ice
fields to the northward, but, after nearly losing
our vessel, we were compelled to give up the
project and return to this country. The English
are preparing to reap the ewards of our explora-
tions, an expedition to Smiths Sound being in
contemplation.
After this statement of the object of the expe-
dlton, and the course taken, DR.. Hayes SAID he
would divide his lecture into two heads-6rst,
giving general description of the size, form,
and appearance OF the iceberes; and secondly,
his theory OF their growth and origin.
1t was not, he SAID, until we had reached the
Arctic Circle, aud found ourselves in the endless
day, where the sun sbone upon us at midnight
as well as at noon, that we came upon our irst
iceberg. 1t was mass of dead whiteness, and
it broke suddenly upon us out of a dead misL
and was mistaken by the lookout" Tor land
when he first caught the sound of breakers beat
ing upon it, Its form was that OF an irregular
pyramid, about 300 feet at the base, and perhaps
half as high. At first we could see only the
| white simmer OF its foot underneath the
canopy OF vapor which overspread the sea, and
the line of the surf but at length the mist broke
away, disclosing the lofty peak of a glittering
| splre, around which the white clouds we're curl
| ing and dancing In the sunlight There was
| something very impressive in the stern indiffer-
| ence with which 1t received the lashing OF
| the sea.
Our immediate destination was the Danish
| EsQuimaux settlements of Upernavik in latitude
| ~ Al, the most northerly Outposts OF Christian
| settlement on the globe. On the I'd OF August
| we had approached within one hundred miles oi
| 1t, when the wind died out and there was a dead
calm. Our sailors began to think that the
| oftentalked-of Greenland was mythical
locality, but after time we came in sight OF Its
| shores AS the fog lifted and rolled itself up
| like scroll over the sea to the westward, ice
| berg after iceberg burst into view like castles
| in a fairy tale. 1t seemed, indeed as if we had
| been drawn into a land of enchantment by
some unseen hand. Here was the Valhalla of the
sturdy VIklngs here the city of the sun-goC
| Freyer; Aahim, with its elfn caves, and Glituer
with its walls of gold and roofs OF silver, and
Gmle, more brilliant than the sun-the home
OF the happy; and there, piercing the clouds
was Himinberg, the celestial mount, where the
bridge of the gods reaches heaven. Church, in
his picture OF the icebergs, has grandly exhi
bited a scene not unlike that which woulC
IN vain describe.
Although surrounded by ice we had neverthe
less almost constantly in view great variety o
animal life. Flocks of ducks and geese swep
ever us in long, undulatng lines, and the grace
| ful seagulls, in immense sWarms, sat perched