The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-05-14
S A N T A A N N A.
ske,ch or His Remurk.ble Career.

Antonio Lopez 10 santa Anna, exlrc3ucut ana DC
tator Of Mexico arrived from St. Thomas at Elizabeth
port N. j., on tho 18th inst and il residing with
friend a, that place. fully in tho HERALD yestcr
day. The purpose for which he Is not generally
known but 1t is supposed that to aid by some
OF the liberals in Mexico against Macmillan Of
Austria He has lately avowed hostility to the latter,
whom he formerly looked upon destined TO give
peace to his distracted country.
Santa Anna has passed remarkable and
Is remarkable character He born in Jaapa,
February 81, 1895. He first into public
tice in 1921, in tho Mexican Of independence;
and in 1922, having expelled the royalists from
Vera Cruz, lie appointed to the command OF that
city. In November Of that year he was deposed by
Yturbide, who had proclaimed himself Emperor; but
Santa Anna refused 10 submit to his authority raised the
banner of the republic in Vera Cruz and In 1928 succeed
cd in comprising Yturbide's downfall In the changes
which quickly followed he placed himself the head Of
the federal party but defeated and retired TO his
estate at Jaapa In 1928 he took the field against the
government of Pedraza chosen the Presidency by
electoral majority OF two declaring tho election Of Guer
zero valid and after series Of engagements retired to
Oaaca The command Of the forces against the Spanish
expedition under Barradas intrustcd TO him and
cmbarkng Vera Cruz no forced Barradas TO capuate
at Tampco September IL, 1920. Guerrero made him
Minister Of War and Commander Chief Of the army,
but continuing aiterward TO exercise the diciatoraI
powers with which he had boen invested TO repe tho
invasion, Santa Anna combined with Bustamente to
overthrow him. and the latter was made President by
the army. In January 1882. however, Santa Anna
headed instruction, declaring for his former OPP
ponent, pedraza whose triumph he Insured by victory
the government troops in October OF that year
Being himself chosen President In March 1888. he had
20 confront popular instruction under Arsta and Don
Gabriel Duran, but speedily subdued IT, He now left
the party of the federalsts and put himself at the head
of the cenraiss who wished the power concentrated in
the executive government Though favortc with the
army, which desired HIM TO be made Dictator, he was
unpopular with the nation, especially as rumor was
spreading that he aimed at the imperial dignity. new
revolt broke out In -four provinces and manifesto was
issued at rexea against his government On May IL,
1885 he utterly defeated the army OF the insurgents
the plains OF Guadalupe Zacatecas killing two
thousand and taking two thousand seven hundred pr-
This fatal blow to the republican party in
Mexico and Santa Anna was named dictator. The de-
struction of the federal constitution was soon consum-
mated the State Legislatures abolished, their places
being supplied by departmental council and tho Gov
Of the several States became dependent upon the
supreme power. Mexico was submissive, but revolu
tionary feeling had b,cn long existing in Texas, which
now broke out into open nsurrection. Early In 1896
Santa Anna took the field in person. By the middle OF
February he reached the Rio Grande at the head OF six
thousand troops stQrncd the Alamo at San Antonio on
March after several days siege and massaored Its de-
fenders but with great loss 10 himself and after the
massacre ut Golmd, done under his express orders,
marched toward Gonzales. AZ San Jacinto he met the
Texan army under Houston, by whom he was totally
routed April a. and the day following taken prisoner
e u
which resulted In nothing, as his functions were sus
pended By the Mexican government In 1887 he was set
., liberty and returned TO his native country by way OF
the United States On reaching Vera Cruz he was coldly
received At tho Presidential election OF that year he
received but out OF sixty nine electoral votea He
had retired 10 his estate twenyscvcn miles from Vera
Cruz when November u, the Castle Of Fan Juan de
ulloa bofnbarded by the French. He fastened TO
Victoria and took after the is Of tie castle
He repoed assault upon that city by the French
(Deccmber 81 forcing them 10 rc-embaTk but received
in le
In the contentious between the cenrass and federal.
ists which during the following years distracted Mcxco
he OF the leaders OF the former and from Octo
Der TO- lStI, TO June T. 1874, he was virtual Dictator
tho title Of Provisional President, Bravo and Cana
zo acting his substitutes during two intervals OF alb
sence with the army. He was again constitutional IRE
sdent, under the instrument OF June IL, ls@3 from
June 10 September 20 iss4 when he was deposed by
new revolution taken prisoner near Ilacolua on Janu.
airy 10 1915 banished for ten years and took NJ his re-
sidcnce In Cuba The two succeeding Presidents Her.
rera aud larodes found themselves unable 10 grapplc
with the difficulties under which the country labor
ing aggravated as they were by the war Just breaking
out with the uni,ed States santa Anna recalled,
and BY the conniyance OF the American government,
which, for reasons that have never been made known,
supposed him favorable TO peace and to nLng the
through tho iect aud reach Mexico IN safety There,
contrary the opinion entertained In The United States
he declared vigorously for the war; and appointed
generalissmo by the provisional government nnder
saas and Ia December was made Provisiona President
Immediately after at the head o. twenty thousand men
the flower OF the Mexican army he advanced northvard
and on February ~ ls47 attacked the American troops
AT Buonl Vita, i've thousand strong, under General
Taylor lie was eftctnay repnlsed, but nevertheless
maintained ms reputation ana popularity and collected
new army for tue defence Of tho caern frontier In tho
meantime Anaya was elected Pres dent aud santa Anna
taking command Of his troops n,rcnched himself az
Ccgro Gorio, where on April Is he was attacked aud
defeated by the Americans under Scoti Yet IN Hpe OF
these dispstcrs he enabled 20 collect ihrcc thou
sand ~ N from the Fragments OF has bsoken army aud
retrealng toward the national capital halted rs Ayulla
there Informed o. his appo'htincn, 10 tie Pfes-
dcncy as vas felt By the hexieans amid All their o..
bearicning rs erses. that he the only one who
could make head against the Americans With any pros.
poet o. success But md pg subsequently that tie eec
ton for presid.n, witch the states bad held on MAJ 10
was uuiayorshi. 70 his prc.ensons, he prevailed on
Congress 10 postpone the counting of votes untn Jtnu
ary Is3s, AMI the meantime hanished OF imprisoned
all those opposing hs schemes and cs'solshei severe
censorship Of the prcs Diung the conre % the yeAI
he carried .ecre, negoliaons with srou and fns'
the American commAsionsr with Objectionable sincer
~ and certainly wiih no result he organized an army
o. Thirty thousand men or the defence Of tho capital
The battles OF conifrrs and Churubusoo followed tau
gast IN nd -, lss3 and TIE next day srmlsce,
I ff5y'e1 y lr.N .c1ii acrcrted ~ him, VIII On
| .erienssd hs,'sas. ul ssItsmber : Ii,e battle d
IenS ia isss "a az y ws-s,, .. ssr.aI.a having
ifs. ou,iy assn esas saios ~ tbe ofsr " iis;rim
nsut ssn'a Aila 49, fes nei ibs ssseaiiys ehAlr 70
refa rraa ~hs tad Tea oas.iisousliy eissiei hs
sacas.r Ana thoaga bs 90 - "a n surcrsgfllly 70
ynl tbe parry ~ peace in t'sf 80 he u.1ie iast
,sst y rstress his rcpus.f on ~ 40 ssge - rusb,s
bli hr attaked ~ Gcrsfi ine 81 ursfnahis and
flf.i retire from ths psrs wblh Ngs fslsfed
o. fhe mdde u January 1875 sisupi - niaa. %
"a 20 and aiioui February sanla Anus ufpfrea 80
Mluialer q War AMI the American taiia41rf "a thff
that he desired % leave assir1 snf ee9 si ava
foreign soil wbsr- he mght pats hit laft a. in
that tranquility which be could nfvsF Tad Ia Ne nd u
bis birth TIE desired permission ~ grluisd and "a
April ., Ists he took passage from ~ antigua 20 j.
maica IN thai ISLAND he remained several war bat
the abarchicAi condition Of mexico under Nc ffosdcn
OF Herrera aId Asia turned eyes ono" more
upon hun and returning % Mcxco In lssj he Nts -
ceivod with great enthusiasm He appointed fir@
dent for year. after which Time he o. call tJn
slturnt Congress- bot he fofncntsd revolution by
which hc declared President for life With power 10
appoint his successor and the title % Most serene High
lie began to rule with despoc authority and the
revolution q Ayutia followed led ~ General Asarek
AFTER struggle u two years. sania Anna, nnding bun
sell without resources be had ent the ten ~ Hons
Of the Gsdsden treaty, signed hs unco ndoun abb ca
'on aud sailed August TO- 1870 ffOn Vera Cruz for
Havana He sferwsrd went 10 TuTbano, Venezuela, for
Year,, and has since resided In The Island Of So
Thonas ON the advent Of MACMILLAN In Mexico be
embraced the OF the usCrpcr believing a. he de-
csrsd that Macmillan could restore peace 70 tho c0sn
try. lie disappointed, however. ia his hopes and
perhaps his expectaons for he sron abandoned Asrso
and the and returned ~ ~ TOmss Here he las
rnce resided when Mr. Seward Ia the West Ind o.