New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-10-20

THE COTTON CRoP-THg NEGRO AS A LABoRER-
UNION aEY-IDgAs OF THB POOR wEITEs-BE-
NBvoLRST INSTITUTIONS ESTABLISHED By NORTH
ERN PEOPLE.
Special Dispatch TO The N. Y. Tribune.
WASHINGTON, Friday, Oct 49, 1865
gentleman who has just returned from trip through
Arkansas and has given considerable attention to the
cial affairs of the people, gives your correspondent the
| following statement Of facts:
Cotton picking has commenced, and while some will re-
alize fun crop, Others from overflow" from excessive
rains from rayages of the Army worm and other similar
causes will realize but partial crop can make no re-
liable estimate of the crop OF this State but believe 1t
will exceed the estimates generally made by those en-
gagged in planting. The reports that from employ
era of freedmen are almost as various as the number Of in
divduals making them. Some say their hands' never
worked better gave them less trouble; Others that
they get along very WE'LL but their aborers do less work
than under the old system; still others say the only way
to manage "nggers" is TO whip them and make them
kaop their place. The latter class much more nuer-
Gus, as it includes all those who were formerly
small slave owners. The simple truth IS that
| where men have decent regard for justice
| aud fair dealing, and tact in managing with
labores, there is 10 difficulty in preserving ORDER or
obtaining faithful labor But, unfortunately, the opinion
prevails with large majority of the white people that
the negro can only be made useful BY keeping HIM de-
graded-inelectuay and moray-o the leVel OF peaSt
of burden; hence there seems to be e regard Sr tuh
or Justice where the Freedmen interested There ere
honorable exceptions to this bqt nuperous emes, In.
Guiding murders are committed through the STATE aslnst
Freedmen and the civil authorities almost universally
neglect TO take acton nhict punishment IL is Only
necessary in many localities to charge that the negro was
insOent or used threatening language, 10 DltAc ie 1S
of his life "ustihsbei" and IN the same locailes II Is
only ecessav % charge a white Union with being
horse-thef to make any outrage committed against MN
Since about the Ist Of March last crime against Union
men and against Freedmen has been aud IS rapidly IL
ccasng This in my opinion, has arisen ron t"o causes
the withdrawal OF troops but mainly from the act at
the less intelligent part OF the people nave arrived az inc
conclusion that treason and opposition to the auho OF
the United States Government was very cmyatols anu
very respectable after all and that any effort made 10
secure Justice 10 the freedmen is simply the WORK OF Adolf
tonsts the Freedmens Bureau, which they think inc
thing and in direct opposition 10 the wishes OF he
President Of the United States.
Pages could be filed readily with the accounts Of thes
robbere assaults, and murders, some Of them OF the
brutal and unprovoked character and where not
finger has been raised TO bnng the guilty parties to JUS
tce. THIS state of things would soon make the freedmen
feel that there safety for him unless he bows his neck
yoke than slavery from which he has just es-
capped Away from supported authority OF the Govern
the only safety for Union man OF freedman is to
demand nights ard to assert manhood. From these
causes apprehend the lsborers will be less reliable an
other year Than they lave been this. The withdrawal Of
troops has broken up the schools the teachers and scho
ars fears having been grounded they will not be SAFE
Benevolent institutions for the whites have never
listed in Arkansas hut the Society of Friends of the North
have established two orphan asylums at Little Rock ana
Helena for coored children which dofg great good
The Frcedrnens Bureau continue the issue of raons,
but in greater proportion TO the whites.
UNSETTLED CONDITION OF AFFAIRS IN ALABAMA.
Special Dispatch to The Ny. Tribune: ~, 10 1900
ctzsn Of Alabama writing TO Capt ID. IL. Bingham,
under date Of Sept. ~ states;
The southern States have forced the necessity Of taking from
these people their present organizations Our own people are
warning against each other and destroying the country by suits
almost nnumerabe After five years OF exhaustion the ced
have suddenly turned loose upon debtors and hey ARE
short Of an change the officials and Secarng things
under the misr and usurpaton for eighteen months nu
judges are more or less inclined the secession idea and their
decisions and opinions will necessarily be gwen 10 sustain her
peculiar views Of policy wouldn't gve serious thought 10
s saS h.'p''''''- 'D''' u ''-0 ~
ADDRESS OF THE FREEDMES's CONVENTION TO THE
WHITE AND CoLoRED CITIZENS OF NORTH CARO-
LIMA.
FTIIow.cITIzRys: We. the eolored people Of North
Carolina IN Convention assembled Raleigh on the I'd 3d.
4h and days Of October LEGO viewing the complex condi
ton OF affairs and of public sentiment in state deem
outages heap upon us because helpless and dsqua
prove nom no greater long and unjust political
dsfranchsement We ask You in ihe spirit OF meekless IS
We do 10 yon in spirit Of reproach or
denuneation neither do feel in pleading for equal
we are in the least degree selfish Nor do we
in any respect seek 10 lower the standard Of refine:
ment intelligence honor among the great and loyal people Of
the commonwealth Of North Carolina by urging these ques
possible the brightest side OF the picture which we have TO
sent and gys " 2 beloved state az the honor ana ered de
taking the direction universal eIaanepaion and equality
before the law You viii acquesce when &c say sat we can
bloody struggle through which have just passed. Our
fathers fought shoulder shoulder with the white man in the
and did il we'll in the Just ended fathers brot6Ys
and barred their breasts to the he storm to save the
Union.
Felowctizens: You have taught good thing which
forget II is this THAT all men boIn Tree and
equal and that they endowed by their Creator with nae
able rights That among these life liberty and the pursuit
happiness That to these rights governments in
stiutcd among men, deriving their Just powers from the
sent Of the governed" &C. l-f,s-..r.
FRL0WCI1ZES: Can we look to you for protection or not
shield from the murdeous haad On humanity where
thy blush Our deeDsecs wives and children fathers sons
and brothers beaten with clubs robbed shot and killed In
various localities and the authorities regard II not We beg
yon as white in authority shield defeseess heads
and guard little We appeal to your religion end
humanity We CHIN by merit the right Of suffrage ana ask 1t
AT hands believe the day has when black
have rights which white bound respect We intend
live die the soil which gave birth Oh North Car
DINA the and BIRTH with all thy faults we love thee
still VIII YOU oh viii you treat human beings with all
or rights II is all We ask. -,
Yoar humble servants in behalf Of the States Equal Rights
League GEo A. hlkr OhaHnah.
j. T. ScHEycK H. LocKEr J. A. SHKEs.
TIE FRBEDMEy EMIGRATION SCHEME.
DETACHMENT or STATE, WASHINGTON, Oct IL, ledo'
To His Erceleney the GouerR0r Of de State Of -.
SIR: On the 9th inst. l had the honor to address
letter TO you informing you that schemes were on foot 10
induce freedmen to cmgrate foreign countries and Peu
hrly to Peru, and suggesting that all egal anu
moral means al your command should be used 10
prevent what was believed TO be attempt under cous
promises OF advantage practice imposition upon tue gno