The Newberry herald. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1865-1884, 1866-03-07

the President, will be great in the begln1Rg,
| with atendency steadily to increase. Thelp-
preparations asked by the Freedmen's Burau,
as now established, for the year 1865, anout
to $l1, ,745, ,000 1t may be safely eStmaed
! that the cost to be incurred under the ped
! ing bill will require double that amour-
more than the entire sum expended in my
one year under the administration Of the &C.
ond Adams. If the presence Of agents in @e-
| ry Parish and County is to be considered as
war measure, opposition, or ever resiStace,
might be provoked; so that, TO give effect to
that jurisdiction, troops would have TO be; ia
toned within reach Of every one of them, md
thus a large standing force be rendered ne;es-,
Sary. Large appropriations would, therebrc,
| be required to sustain and enforce military
jurisdiction in every County or Parish fom
tho Potomac to the Rio Grande. The coldi-
tion Of our fiscal affairs is encouraging; put,
in order to sustain the present measure OF
| public confidence, it is necessary that VIC Fac-
tice not merely customary economy, but, as
! far as possible, severe rctrenchment.
| In addition to the objections already stated,
| the fifth section of the bill proposes to ake
away land from its former owners without
any legal proceedings being first bad, contra
| ry to that provision Of the Constitution which
! declares that no person shall ''be deprived of
| lie, liberty or property, without due process
of law" It does not appear that part Of the
land to which this section refers may not be
owned by minors or personsof unsound mind,
or by those who have been faithful to all their
obligations as citizeus-o the United States,
! If any portion of the land is held by such
persons, it is not competent for any authority
to deprive them of it. II, on the other haud
it be found that the property is liable to con-
fscation, even then it cannot be appropriated
| to public purposes until, by due process of
law, it shall have been declared forfeited to
the Government. -. .-.-
There is still further objection to the bill
on grounds seriously affecting the class of
persons to whom it is designed to bring relief.
1t will tend to keep the mind ofthe freedman
in a state of uncertain expectation and rest
lcssness, while to those among whom he lives
it will be source of constant and vague ap-
prchension., - .:.zl, 90 - E.: -. - g..
Undoubtedly the freedman should be pro-
tected, but he should be protected by the civil
authorities, especially by the exercisrl of all
the constitutional powers of the courts Of the
United States and Of the States. His condi-
ton is not so exposed as may at tlrst be lGs'
agined. Heis in a portion of the country
Whe e his labor cannot well be spared. Com
petition for his services from planters, from
those who are constructing or repairing rail
roads, and from capitalists in his viciuage or
from other States, will enable him to command
almost his own terms He also possesses a
perfect right to change his place ofabode, and
if, therefore, he does not find in one commu
nifty or State mode of life suited to his de-
sires, or proper remuneration for his labor, he
can move to another, where that labor is more
esteemed and better. rewarded. In truth,
however, each State induced by its own wants
and interests, will do what is. necessary and
proper TO retain within its borders all the la
bor that is needed for the development of its
resources. The laws that regulate supply and
demand will maintain their force, and the
wages Of the laborer will be regulated thereby,
There is no danger that the exceeding great
demand for labor will not operate in favor Of
the laborer. ... -. .. s.. 49,. -...
Neither is sufficient consideration given to
the ability Of the freedmen to protect ard take
care u. themselves. 1t is no more than justice
to them to believe that, as they have received
their freedom with moderation and ,forbear-
their industry and thrift, and soon show the
world that in a condition Of freedom they
arc self Sustaining capable of selecting their
own employment and their own place of aoode,
of insisting for themselves on proper remuue-
ration, and Of establishing and maintaining
their own asylums AID schools. 1t is earn
estly hoped that Instead of wasting away, they
will by their own efforts establish for them
selves a condition Of responsibility and pros
perity. 1t is certain that they can attain to-
that condition only through their own merits
and exertions. = -. =. =. -. -. r..
In this connection, the query presents itself,
whether the system proposed by this bill will
not, when put into complete operation, prac-
ticaly transfer the entire care, support and
control of 4, 10000 Of emancipated slaves to
pointed at Washington, are to be located in
every County and Parish throughout the
United States containing freedmen and retu-
gees. Such a system would inevitably tend
to a concentration of power in the Executive,
which would enable him, if 50 disposed; to
control the action of this numerous class, and
use them for the attainment Of his own politi-
cal ends. j. ,...~--, : RI, -@EE..z< = -es>-..
cannotbut add another grave objection to
this BILL The Constitution imperatiVely de-
clares, in connection with taxation, that each
State shall have at least one representative,
and fixes the rule for the number to which,
in future times, each State shall be entitled.
II also provides that the Senate Of the United
States shall be composed of two Senators from
each State, and adds, with peculiar force, that
no State, without it's consent, shall be deprived
of its equal suffrage in the Senate. The orig |
nal act was necessarily passed in the absence
of the States chiefly to be affected, because
their people were eontumaciousy engaged in
the rebellion. Now, the case is changed, and
some, at least, of those States, are attending
Congress by loyal representatives.. soliciting
the allowance of the constitutional, right of
representation At the time, however, Of the
and the passing of this bilbthere
was no Senator or Representative in Congress
rom the, eleven States which are to be mainly |
affected by its provisions. The very fact that
reports were and are made against the good
disposition of the people Of that portion OF
he country, is an additional reason why they
need and should have Representatives of their
ywn in Congress to explain their condition,
'eply to accusations, and assist, by their local
in the perfecting of measures i'm