Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-06-07
THE TREATY OF VIENNA.
From the Philadelphia Age. }

From the Philadelphia Age.l
This famous treaty, made after the down
fall of the first Napoleon, has been pushed
into the foreground by the recent speech OF
the head of the French nation. by this treaty
the map of Europe was reconstructed upon
dynastic considerations. Nationalities were
almost entirely ignored nations were diyid-
ed; natural boundaries were overstepped;
language, manners, customs and habits were
forgotten; the long established ties of bust
ness were wrenched asunder; old land
marks were obliterated, and nations, or frag-
ments of nations were placed under whatever
ruler il was thought could best serve the
ambition Of the parties 10 the alliance. The
contracting nations were Austria, France,
England, Russia, Prussia, Spain, Sweden
Portugal BY the partition England ac-
quired the protectOrate ofthe lonian Islands,
retained possession Of Malta, and preserved
the kingdom Of Hanover. In Italy, Milan
and Venice were given 10 Austria, and Sar-
DINA was confirmed 10 Piedmont; while the
Duchies of Tuscany, Parma, Modena and
Placentia were recognized as sham indie
pendent sovereignties governed by col
lateral branches of the Austrian napsburg.
Austria still further obtained possession of
the Tyrol, lllyria and Dalmatia. Prussia
gained half Of Saxony, nearly all Westpha-
Iia, Swedish Pomerania, ard almost all the
the Lower Rhine provinces, and was at once
pushed into a rivalship with Austria for the
leadership of the German element in Eu-
rope. In the north of Europe, Russia re-
ceived Finland from Sweden, as a compen-
sation for which Sweden received Norway,
which was taken from Denmark; and Den
mark, who was not represented at the Con
gress, got nothing in return. Holland was
given the Belgic Provinces Snd became a
kingdom; but Switzerland was not altered in
sny material degree. The same year in
which this Vienna arrangement was COM
pleted, the "Holy Alliance" between Aus
tria, Russia and Prussia was perfected, by
which they bound themselves TO act for the
future on Christian principles only, and inn
mediately proceeded 10 enforce the absolute
sunremscy of kings. All Europe acqui-
csced in the announcement with three no.
table excepiions-the Sultan, whose opinion
was not asked, and England and the Pope
who both declined 10 have anything TO do
with the outrage.
When the partition made under the trea-
ties of 1915 is plainly set forth, and the dy-
nastic principle upon which It rests Is ex-
,,Iained IL il 60 wonder that Napoleon de-
clared that he delesleu the MoiA vi 'iSitha
despoilers. They would not recognize the
Napoleonic dynasty until French bayonets
li6ed il ON a level with the Oldest thrones in
Europe, and then kings and poientaiess made
pilsrimages TO do homage &c ;he nephew OF
The man they had united TO hurl from power
and influence. The Vienna conference took
no notice Of France save TO despoii her, and
,he restored despot aided in eonsunlmIatlng
the outrage upon French pride and French
nationality. Subsequent revolutions chang
ed the status Of France, and placed The power
IN different hands. The Crimea and North