The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-02-21

urday is licensed day with them; is
the usual mite given them. Rio is lively and seem
ingy full Of business located in valleys surrounded by
mountains, the valley encircling some and winding in
and around other mountains the days are hot and the
nights cool. with a pulmonary vapor bath ascending
daily. Light hannels should always be worn here and
are prevenves of colds &c black cloth dress coats and
pants black vests, black white cravats, black tiles
stove pipe hats and light coored kid gloves constitute
the dress suit and dress is feature of the city. The
people remarkably friendly and socable and have
warm affection for Americans whom they regard as
models OF enterprise, SCIENCE skill and progressive
With letters Of Introduction to the dignitarhs and
prominent of the provinces OF San Pauo, Parana,
Rio Grande du Sud and San Caarna furnished with an
engineer who also guide and interpreter and as the
guests OF the empire the Generals party, consisting OF
himself as chief a surgeon, physician and chemist
planter, architect and builder and machinst left
Rio on q Brazilian steamer on the 1lsh of October and
landed next morning at Santos the seaport of san Pauo
There two methods OF reaching the interior from this
point, by railroad the other by diligences The for
is English enterprise, and passes over sierra or
mountain which there four lifts IA stationed
CINE each of mile and quarter distance each
five miles the mountain, at grade of one foot in nine
feet The foot of this mountain is five miles from Santos
and the whole distance the city of San Pauo the
sent terminus of the railroad is forytwo miles The
company, however, have charter through the entire
province and into Parana IL supendous enterprise
but the brazilian government Is liberal, aud the
pany after years of labor and the support Of thousands
will pocket its clean millions. What our Yankee
friends doing What the Americans doing while
John Bull Is thus reaping harvests in this new word?
We took the Acknowledgements of the company-and in
due time reached San Paulo city, where there
another ovation, addresses speeches and distn
gushed visits, and after a delay OF three days we
OF again, with servants and muleteers furnished gra
tuitousy by the provincial government our cayacadc
consisting of eleven men and seventeen mues From
this point out expenses paid by the provincial
government and we found arrival at each point
in advance and professions and cayacd OF
the prominent citizens including the officials with
bands of music met US league so before reaching
each village town or CITY, and on our arrival the entire
population turned out TO Everything free,
and tables grooming with edibes and potables, substan
tails and decaces met at every turn and pause In
America friends shake hands; IN Brazil they embrace,
till heart beats against heart Balls and parties and
serenades our nightly accompaniment and whether
In town or country was the one great grand unvary
ing of life, love and seductive friendship Thus,
with frequent relays OF animals forced upon by jealous
and most bospitable BraZiians we passed from San
Paulo westward inclning north, through sandiahy,
Campanas Lamero, 1bicaba, Rioclaro, Arraraquara,
between the Rios Jacquere Grande and Jacquere Pc.
guerra over campos trolling prairies valleys mountains
nine n"nss snd sced Win
growths, unattended and that flied the air miles
around with their rich aroma and whose delicious fruit
melted In your mouth The country Is abundanty irri
gated with mountain springs that uniting form creeks
and small rivers and permeate everywhere their courses
being variable as their waters are cool and refreshing
The fazendas, plantations, told of in leagues
man goes the top Of mountain stretches his hand
out, wheels around and says this Is my estate, or
fazenda He estimates It at SO many leagues, and it
registered, never surveyed The owner Of this pro-
lions find coffee. sugar. cotton, tobacco corn, rice
beams, mamoca and all growing together In one field
lsn thousand 70 one Million are planted from twelve TO
sixteen feet apart and between these may be cot
ton. q recent introduction and quite primitive corn,
~ the sugar plantation, and in the bottoms tho rice.
No plocshs are used in planting Our party saw but
With sharp pointed sticks stakes the size OF a
arm, holes made in the ground, the seed thrown
NE hole filled up with the earth showed In by tho foot
fructiAcaton ensucs, and with little hoeng when the
grass nterferes, and that but season. the harvest
planting and the trees yield from eighteen to
twenty-hve years The sugar cane, without repapng
cut or Cotton grows 70 an enormous height and, like
the cane needs no replanting for several years The
best lands arc Of dark rcd color sna are mountain or
black earth The campos are chiefly sandy, but nre
ne grazing grounds and with the aid Of plough would
srs no s. the though he
are nearly all built in them, and he Sccns in these,
sss % be sns
The climate Of San Paulo the heathies in the empire,
and IL soil Is capable Of producing IN g,ea. e1eeenoe
It's popularity Of the government or empire that |
.he front lots or yards Of houses s~elnss Nc are
bcry &c, being In the rear and the entrances at the
SIDES Even the Emperors palace, at san crstovao,
Rio Janero, with It's three story panelled front and
as two story side, has its entrance on the side.
The horses Of Brazil small and scraggy the mules
huge wide spreading horns and the vehicles six ages
behind the times, copied from the era Of the Bucocs
Virgil Transportation from the interior Of products,
freight, &c pack mules in loads OF two hundred
pounds or less The provinces below San Pao are chiefly
pastoral gazcrs stock breeders Those further
north on the seaboard produce cotton corn tobacco
and fruits In the Interior four hiths Of which Is
o ne sSSS rasnf S 'ns special S
the Brazilian motto and much time required in which
70 do very little The sides Of their interest need prick
Ing and the Anglo Saxon Is destined TO do IL
The scenery OF Brazil is both beautiful aud grand be
ing alternate mountains, valleys and rolling prares,
with water nnumerabe vast Of coffee
fields huge herds n cattle, eternal verdure, but
climate and fruit meeting the eye at every
Bat this Is scenery, climate, country and all So lie;
mbe
On our return to Rio found the Emperor Dom
Pedro IL who was absent when we landed in the Fin.
n \
mensey popular, and deservedly We had inter
ysw with him Of nearly an hour duraton and nc pied
part with him and invited 70 be sure and call again.
ss shows age though ba, forty and rs profoundly
Emperors return were confined principally 10 tho
churches and theatres whore crowds followed his Ma
The Brazilian government has promised General Wood
In hts representative character government lands In the
Of twenty-five payable In Ave years
good dirt roads OF twenty feet width TO the points OF oca
<her towards sustenance and progress Of
gYans until they be established transportation %
allegiance; vessel for every two furnished them,
sn1 other privileges enumerated in the early part OF this
The liberalty and progressiveness Of the imperial
government are exempned by the encouragement given
% railroad projectors and TO other enterprises and IN tho
rapid strides being made emulation Of the United
States The constitution Of Brazil is ts fundamental
INV sacredy Observed aud rcpubicanisa in ~ details rs
~ pervading element There is more freedom, proba
bly,, In Brazil than in any other government In the |
world II Is essentially rnonarchical government with
sspublican Institutions
slavery will probably last twenty years longer In Bra.
sil Il gradually and surely disappearing No slaves
OF the African race be admitted the empire,
and every year hundreds are manumitted. Slaves do
shoes The armies of the empire hetero-
cneous mass OF ali coors and classes Married men are
exempt from military duty are lawyers
The manning Of the southernoforts with coored
troops most obnoxious measure 10 the southerners
and then the Congress at Washington will probably
not Sfrnt any Congressman from the southern States,
abe SOUTH like the colonies Of old, viii have 'taxaion
without representation" In this the United States
favors immigration from liz shores
General Woods for thcoming book will conta parcu
,ars where, for want Of tipe and space could only