Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1866-01-05
Carl Schpry on the Condition OF the
Spgth


The report of Carl Schurz on the con-
dition Of the South IL published. II il
qaite lengthy, filling sixteen closely
printed columns:
General Scaurz says at the time he
went south he found the people rcrov-
cring from the peculiar state OF mind In
which the surrender of Lee had plung-
cd them. He says the public mind was
80 dcsponGant, that If re-admission at
some future time, undrr whatever con-
ditions, had been promised, It would
have been looked upon as n favor. The
most uncompromising rebels proposed
ut first leaving the country. The mass
CO remained in q fearful state Of eNpec-
fancy. lie says he now finds four classes
as follows:
lst. Those who, although having
yielded submissively to the National
Government only when obliged to do
SO, have clear perception of the ire
versiblc changes which have been pro-
duced by the var, and honestly endoav-
or 90 accsmmodate themselves 10 the
new order o. tn nEs. 1t
I'd. Tho,e whose principal object Ia to
have the states, without delay, restored
10 the Unioa and the people OF tho
States to ABSOLUTE control of home con-
ccrns. They arr ready, in order to OBJ
tain that object, Tor any ostensible con-
aession In II VIII not prevent them from
arranging things to suit their tastes as
soon as that object Is attained.
Sd. Incorrigibles, who still indulge
in swaggcr which was 70 customary
before and during the war, and still
hope for time when the so-called
Southern tunicderncy viii achieve Its
Independence. This class consists most
Is OF young mes, and the loiterers Of
the town and idlcrs ofthc country.
! Ath. The multitude OF pelsons who
have no definite idea nbuut the CirguW.
stances upiGr which they live, and
about the course they have 10 follow,
whose intcllccts are weak, but whose
prejudices and impulses arc strong. ana
who are apt 10 he carried along by those
who know how Ia appeal to tho latter.
All these classes, lie SAYS, are agreed
that farther resistance to the power of
the National Government Il useless, and
submission to its authority a matter of
necessity. All movements in favor of
! separation from the Union have hereto
| fore been practically abandoned, and
resistance to our military forces on that
score has ceased.
| The General thinks that the Loyalty
produced by the Irresistible pressure OF
/ force Is decidedly Of negative CHARGE
! ter. He gives proofs in letters of Fede-
raj Generals and others, of outrages
committed Icy the late rGkGis, and of
their hostile attitude il the troops are
Withdrawn. He introduces testimony
| from officers of the Freedman's Bureau,
and dwells at considerable length upon
statements of the negroes and the sem
! timcnts of the whites towards them.--
He thinks justice can only be secured
| by extending the franchise. In tho
course of his remarks he says the slaves
arc cnlancipated in point Of form, but
free labor has not yet been put In tho
place of slavery in point OF fact, aud
now, In the midst of the critical period
of transition, the power which origina-
ted the revolution h expected To turn
over its whole future development to
another power which, from the begin
ming, was hostile to its spirit, leaving
the class into whose favor il was made
completely without the power To protect
itself, aud take an influential part In
that development. ...
The history OF the world will be
searched in vain for proceeding SINH
lar to this, which did not lead either to
rapid aud violent reaction on to most
serious trouble and civil disorder II is
believed it will prove far more danger
Gus for the integrity Of loyal seli-gov-
ernment II national control in the south
be discontinued, while by disseminating
il too soon it may be rendered necessary
again In future, when by continuing IL
but limited time, for all such future
the necessity may be obviated,
lie advocates the encouragement Of
education among the freedmen, and in
his conclusion makes the following re-.
marks: "The loyalty of the masses
and most of the leaders Of the Southern
people consists in submission To q ne
cessity. Emancipation Of tAe slaves is
submitted to only iD so far AS chattel
slavery In form could not be kept up,
but although the freedman Is no longer
considered the property Of an indiyid-
ual II aster, he Is considered the slave OF
society, and all independent state legls.
-! lRiion will show a tendency 10 make
him such. The practical attempts on
the part of the Southern people to de-
priyc the negro Of his rights rs freed
man, may result in a bloody collision,
and will certainly plunge Southern So
ciety into resistlcss fluctuations and an
anarchical situation. The problem will
be very much facilitated by enabling all
loyal and free labor elements of the
South to exercise healthy Influence
upOn legislation. It will hardly bo
/ possible to secure freedmen against al
oppressive class legislation and private
persecution, unless he be endowed with
certain measure of political power"
| DIpS't LIKE THE LOOK OF THINGS.