davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14
A CHAPTER on kissing.

An exchange, who seems to know what he
is saying, gives the following lecture on the
science of Kissing:
People will kiss, yetno oncin one hundred
knows how to extract bliss from lovely lips,
no more than they know how to make die
monds out of charcoal. And yet it is easy,
at least for US 4! This little item is not alone
for new beginners, but for the many who 90
to it like hunting coons or shelling corn.
First know whom you are to kiss. Don't
make mistake, although mistake may be
good Don't jump up like trout for e lly,
and smack woman on the neck, On tie ear,
or on the corner Of the forehead, on the end
of the nose, or knock off her waterfall, or
Jerk her bonnet ribbon, inhaste to get through.
The gentleman should be little the tallest.
lie should have clean face, a kind eye, a
mouth full Of expression iAstead Of tobacco.
No noise, no fuss, no aut;ering and squir-
ming like bool-ilnpaled worms. Kissing cont
hurt it DON'T require brass band to make
it legal. Don't Job down on a beautiful
month as if you were spearing for frogs !!
Don't grab and yank tie lady as if she was
struggling colt! DON'T muss her hair,
scratch down her collar, bite her cheek, squz
zle her rich ribbons, and leave her mussed,
rumpled and mixed Don't flavor your kisses
with onions tobacco, gin-c ocktails, lager beer.
brandy, etc. for mapdlirg kiss is worse
than the itch TO delicate, loving, sensible
womaa.
"Dont kiss everybody, including nasty lit
tie dogs male or female. Don't sit down to
it; stand up. Need not be anxious abou;
getting in crowd. Two pcrsors'are plenty
to corner. and catch a kiss, more persons
spoil the sport. Stand firm it won't hur;
alter you arc used TO it. Take the left hand
of the lady in your tight; let your hat go Ia
-apy place out Of the way; throw the left
hand gently over the shoulder Of the lady,
and let the hand fail down upon the rigl:
side toward the belt. Don't be in hurry !;
draw her sontly, lovingly to your lleGrti hei.
head will fall lightly upon yoGrShouldsr, AID
y hands me shoulder strap it makes Don't
be in q hurry send little life down. your
left arm and let it know its business. Her
lett hand in. your right; let there be ap eS-
preston to that, not like the grip Of vice,
but gentle clasp, full Of electricity, thought
aud respect. Don't be in hurry! Her bead
lies careless on your shoulder You are nearly
heart to heart Look down into her halt
closed eyes 'Gonty, yet manfully, press her
to your bosoml Stand firm, and Providence
will give you strength for the ordeal BE
brave, brave, but don't be in o hurry. Her
lips are almost open! Lean lightly forward
with your head, not the body. Take good
aim the lips meet-ihe eyes close-the heart
-opeils-the soul rides the storm, troubles and
sorrows of life (don't bein hurry)-heayen
opens before you-the world shoots from I'M
der your feet as meteor lashca across the
evening sky ont be afraid the nerves.
dance before the just erected altar OF love as.
zcphyrs dance with the dew trimmed flowers
tho heart forgets its bitterness, and the ait
of kissing ia learned"
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14
BILL Anr.-The Crockett, (Tesss) Qrad

BILL AFr.-The Crockett, (Tezas) Qraa
Ni.nc says Of, Bill ,Arp'-.-.- a4g.r. g. =.
"Bill is an old friend of ours we having
known him years ago when be was connected
with The Rome (Ga.) G,1tb5er. D. A. is
Judge Chas. Fl. Smith, of Rome, Ga, foi-
meriy Jaw partner of Hon. j. w. H. Under
wood, before the var o member of Congress
from the Rome District. he was axJadge
Of the Inferior Court Of Floyd county several
years ago.. The best part Of the thing is,
thereiis o real genuine Bill Arp, a fsrryman
on. the, Etowah, near Rome, from whom
Judge Smith got his start as B.A,- The real
Bill Is about as good sipa coee as the fictitious
RiH is On paper."
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14
First Grief.


The following poem was written by James He'd
rwick, Scottish poet but little known in thi'
untry.' Who, that ever lost a brother or sis
I, ,>could read these lincs without falter to tn
ice or tear in the eyos =.
They tell me first and early levo ,..
outlives all other dreams; 81.
But the memory of the first great grief
To me more lasting seems. !.
The grief that marks our dawning youth
To, memory ever clings,
And Ger the path of future years
a. heightened shadow filings.
oh!7oft my mind recalls tho hour
When tc my fathers homo 20
Dc.th came an uninvitcd guest
From his dwelling in the tomb.
had, not seen his face before
shuddered at the sight;
And shudder yet tothink upon
The anguish of that night!
youthful brow and ruddy check
Became all cold andy wan,
An eye grew dim in which tho light
OF radiant fancy shone;
Cold We. the cheek and cold the brow,
The eye was fixed and dim;
And these moaned brother dOad,
Who would have died for him.
know Motif twas summer them,
-, I know not ii twas spring; - VA
But if the birds sang in the trees
did not hear them sing; -:
IflSwers came forth to deck the earth
Their bloom did notsos;
I looked upon one withcrcd flower,
And none else bloomed for me
A sad and silent time it was.
Within the house ofwoe;
All eyes were dim and overcast,
And every voice was low.
And from each cheek at intervals
The blood appeared to start,
As if recalled in sudden haste
To aid the sinking hearth
Softly VIC trod, as il afraid,
To mar the sleoper's sleep,
And stole last looks of his sad face
For memory to keep.
With him the agony was Ger
And now tho pain wa, ours,
As thoughts of his sweet childhood rose,
Like odor from dead flowers.
Ana when at last he was borne afur
From the worlds weary strife,
How oft in thought didwe again
Live Ger his little life.
HE every look, h;seyery word,
His very voices tone,
Come back to us like'thinss whose worth
Is.Only prized when gone!
The grief has past with years away,
And JOY has been my lot;
But one is long remembered,
Aud the other soon forgot.
The sayest hours trip lightly by,
And leave the iaiiitcst trace,
B.:t the deep tract: that sorrow wears
No time can e'cr efaco.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

one.cLarge against Wirz, the Anderson
vile Iailor, was that many of the Federal
prisoners had died from the effects of i'm.
pure vaccine matter used at the prison. The
defence, to show that no criminal act was
premeditated'in the use Of The impure mat
ter, produced evidence to prove that agrest
many private citizens of Georgia had been
-vaccinated with the same matter, and many
of them had died. It is said that when the
witnesses made the statement Judge: Ad9o-
cate Chapman exclaimed: ct wish that
every man, woman and child in Che South
bad been vaecinaled with ii, and that afrhaa
died."-Luzeren (Pa;1 Union, - , =
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

An Old EstabiShm ent.

Among others 7of our business men wsiu
have ro-cs,nblshed themselves in former
pursuits, We uotico that Mr.. James hliler
shas been located for several months at bis
old, and popular store, corner of Broad a:.d
Jackson Slrels, where he has beer. receiving
a very liberal share Of attention from his city
and country frieEds. 1t gives US much pleas.
utc TO note the success of old and we'll tried
friends whose social and business relations
have always-becn characterized by the high
est, Integrity combined with that Uniform
courtesy which marks the gentleman OF the
olden time.
Mr.. Miller has now in. store we'll selected
stock of every thing in the line,cf dry. goods,
which he. is prepared to sell at low figures
and we feel satisfied that persons from the
country will find it to their advantage to favor
him With call. Our lady readers will bear
in mind that Mr.. Miller is sole agent for
Thomson's Crown Skirts, il French Elastic
Springs, tho latest. and most stylish skirt,
which secures confort.to tho ladies .fro,n the
great elasticity and lightncss Of the garment,
which requires no more room than cid the
ordinary siarched skirt of former days. When
once tried, the skirt is preferred to oil others.
Cf course we do not apeak from experience,
not being addicted to the use Of the article
but we speak upon the authority Of, cohpe-
tent judges! We commend our old friend to
the. substantial patronage Of oil who desire
to purchase dry gocds.-Augussa Constitu'
tn,nalist
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

eFLoRrDA AND Co1oSIzAr1oS,-In q plan
which he has submitted to Major- General
Howard, Col Osborne, Assistant Conmis-
sioner Of the Freedmen's Burenu in the Flo
rida district, suggests the purchase from Flo
rida blythe United States of oil that portion
Of the State below the 29th degree of .lati-
tudc, and giving It o territorial form of gov
ernment. According to his calculation the
urea which be proposes to set apart would
accommodate 115 900 families, giving to each
a homestead of eighty acres.
We.do not believe that on trial any sys-
tenn Of colonization will he found TO be ben
eiicial either. to- the'country or to. the freed
men themselves. The. country will be de-
priyed of the wealth contained,in the cult
.:vatlon ofthe soil, and the freedmen will be
reduced to q state e5of poverty and barbarism.
We observe measure is before Congress
having in view the setting apart of lands for
the use of freedmen, not only in Florida, but
IN Arkansas and Mississippi. The question
is claiming the close attention Of the mem
bers, and we shall probably hove~ the result
in few days--Char. Courier. -
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

Some cf our "colorcd friends' object to
our use Of the word negro, iu referring TO
them. With Characteristic utiectaticn they
want 10 be- called "colored people," We
generally endcavor to- caA everything by>its
right na,ne. If we. said.colored man, we
might mean either Mongolian, Malays;an,
Indian, Caucasian, or'negro. The expression
would apply equally tor, a black man. % blue
M IL, a green man. red MAJ, or any other
n,aal" Wo used the word negro because
that is The name Of the race to which they
belong; in the same way that we used the
word Indian to designate the aboriginal In
habiiants of'the country. Resides, black is
rot q cclor,. but the eabsence Of all eofcry and
ithercforea black lnanis uotsa4s a4sculoredmiu,,9'
but a no-colared man. .arWoulis they prefer
the hitter tiilo2-Exchanse
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14
Medical Notice.

ysSHoSE who expect our services for the present
wear viii please observe the following race !:
Fifty cents a miis, and dollar Tor the visit.
Medicine when furnished Will bcScharged at
No win ilot be expected to practice ut night
unless in extrsne casss, and then double the above
rates will be charged. ..,,
simple oas.etrica cases, Ten Dollars, without
,siIoaec. Difficult cases, charged higher.
Consditatidn fec, Ten Dollars and mileage.
An 10 be paid in Gold or its equifaient. Pro-
vision. Corn AID Bacon taken Mt market price.
Freedmen: who. reqoirs our services gill have
so,po ,tliiso poison to stand 70. sheni.
Those indebted for last year. aud ,Hovcrai years
gsrsee - tEs AIH0S. II. PATTIS0N,l
II. C. GARRETT. II
R.hs Sto
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

CoxrEDrRAg6. Authority ,RcoesIzpD IN
CotSStGhrss.-It IS worthy of note that, ,in re-
ply'to direct question from. Mr.. Stevens,
M. Bingham concurred in his doctrine that
the acts, laws and DEGREES Of what Mr. Ste
.vcns style the de fdctoe Government of the
Confederate States were, during the exis-
.Goyerument,! !sbin ling upon al
.thes people within tho ;jnrisdirtion, ,,of thai
authority. ty.-Washington Cor. New York Times.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14
MANY SOUTHERN LADIES.

P. S-Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, and
Rev. Bishops Simpson, Ames and Mctlvaiue
are requested to read this notice in their pul.
PITS, and request their ministers to'haye it
read, as it may secure to us much of our
property.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

a| A young lady recently remarked that
she, could not understand 9,what her brothor
Geo. Henry saw in the girls that .ho liked
them SO well; and that for her part, she
would not give the company of one young
man for.that Of twenty girls" And there's
good many girls just like her.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

EE a Connecticut schoolmaster asked
lad from Newport, " how many Gods are
there 2" The boy, after scratching lis head
somo time, replied: 81 don't know how
many you have in Connecticut but we have
mono in Rhode Island"
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

psg A mathematician, being asked by o
stout fellow iftwopigs weigh twenty pounds,
how much will stout hog weight replied,
dump into the scales and I will tell you i'm
mediately.n
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

IL The Syrian salute is the most signif-
cant that there is; the hand is raised with a
quick but graceful motion to. the heart, TO
the lips, and to the head, to intimate that
the person saluting is wiling to serve you, TO
think for you, to speak for you, and to act
for you. - -!
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

EI It was not Suook's wife who "loycd
to mako bread "because it cleaned her hands
SO beautifully, nor who wanted dark-colored
tea-set tEat wouldn't show the dirt" 1t
was base SANDER upon Mrs. Snooks, and
we arc happy to record the fact. -
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

E&. A two,headed girl was exhibited at
Lexington, Ky, during State Fair, held at
that place few weeks ago. If she has two
mouths and two tongues, and can talk with
both the mau who L1arrics her will see
siohts.n, ~ -
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

M-A GoYNuB1AL CoNrAD.-" Arrah, Pat,
and why did marry ye, Jist tell me that
for it's mesclf that's had to naintain ye iyer
since the blissed day that father O'Flannigan
sint mo home to yer house.n -
. sSwate jewell replied Pat, not rclishing
the charge, Z" an rs meself that hopes may
live to sec the day you're a widow, waping
over the cowld sod that atkivvers-thinby St..
Patrick, l'llsee how you git along widout me,
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14
READY:.MADB CLOTHING,
BOOTS AND SHOES,
And Every Eiud OF Elegant and Easlignable
: . DRY GOODS.

ALSO, d. LARGE. ASSORTMENT OF THE
BEST DRUGS
AZ Of which will he sold at GREATLY RE-
uUCLD PRICES and-to. which. be respectfully
Invites ,he attention Of the public.
Jana0. - & -, - t.. q - ~
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

The following poem was written by James He'd.
derwick, a Scottish poet but little known in this
country. Who, that ever lost a brother. or sis
ter could read these lines without falter to the
rn;ca nr taor IN the nrot
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

E There was avoiding recently at the
Berlin Court, and the English and French
Ambassadors, with .thcsr- ladies, left the ban
.quctt hall, because they were assigned places
BY the Lord Chamberlain at lower table.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

E% Japan must be good place to go
to. It is said you can'buy frst.class house
there for thirty dollars, and live comfortably
in it for two cents adny. Servants charge
fifty. cents month, and a horse and groom
may be had for the same time for one dollar
and fifty cents.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

GA Women are Indispensable to the do
mestic sphere Of life, particularly in sickness.
What would have become of Adam, if he had
been taken sick before Eve came? Who
would have made his Cruel and beef tea, or
bound his head up in a wet towel? =.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-02-14

E A very talliative little girl used Of
toa TO annoy her mother By making remarks
about the visitors that camo to the house.
On one occasion a gentleman WAS expected
whose nose had been hattened nearly TO his
face. The mother cautioned her child par
ticularly to cay nothing about this feature.
Imagine her CONSERVATION when the little
one exclaimed, I" Ma, you told me not to say
nything about MIR. Smiths nose; why he
hasn't got any,"
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-04-09
1855. "' q 40 1865.
Winter Arrangements.
TIME CHANGED. .s~, %.
Great Northern and Eastern Route,
Cleveland. Columbus
.b AND 1ffi 4ll.y
GIN G I N N A TT ~
RAILROAD.

FIRST TRAIN. -l.E@H-F Al
NIGHT EXPRESS-LeayesC Columbus at lbs p.
NJ. Will stop at Delaware, Ashley, CardingtQn
Gilead. Gallon, Crestine Shelby. New London,
wellington, Grafton and Berea, arriving at Cleve-
land at $40 A, NJ -r .-t e. $780,,
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-04-09
R "A L IL R q ADS i,
For Cincinnati, Dayton, Richmond, Indianapolis }.
and Chicago. f.Fvss.5l "a
Without chsnge of cars to DAYTON and RIOHaI z
M0ND, and only one change of cars TO ST.
LOUIS, INDIANAPOLIS and
tI' CHICAGO. n' tihm 80 ift1

On and after February Ist, 1850,
Four Trains will run as follows y 'tA.h'
FIVE TRAINS DAILY FROM COLUMBUS.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-04-09
Abi0 StatEsntart.
TERNES.
(rsvARrABLY IN ADvANcR.)
RATEs OF ADVERTISING.
Tenliles Of Nonpareil, or X inch space constitute
sq1AiS' 81 n.Trv3 ~ ish-l

Tonlines OF honparei, or X inch space, constitute
DAILY.
For each insertion. per square. 75 cents
Notices of Deaths, 80 cents. F ~~rrr
Nblices0f Marriages. so cents
Doliaipup Notices 80 cents. NJ d "a = a-.Il d Z.
advertisements inserted every other day, ever
third day. and once week. will be charged el.0O per
Basibss Notices 10 Local column, 20 ceutsper line
ofeAch Insertion No Notice less than J.OO
.an9iia as,i WEEKLY! I3 g5mW
n so per square each insertion.
Bhsnese Notices 80 cents per line each insertion.
No Notice less than q, 90. san aI'ITT,
Legal advertisements win be charged regular rates.
~, All TRANsIENr advertisements must be paid
for hereafter, AZ the time ey are orderel other
wise they will not appea Af'.f paper. This rule
will be rgdlyadhered 10 IN all cases. There viii be
no exception. "'i'l ~ .7'i- ~,
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-04-09

And exempts the ladies from the annoying heat in
sum ner cooking We own the right for the entire
State, and are manufacturing and supplying the
Stove at the rate Of 100 per week. 10 is now used in
ministers, lawyers, and others Of this city. II is an
admirahle thinp far
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-15

From this estimate il will be seen that a
factory with 10000 spindles ard two hun
dred looms, will produce about $4,000
pounds Of yarns, Nos IA TO lG, and about
44,0O0 pieces Of shirtings, weighing twelve
pounds each will consume about 63S, 900
pounds Of cotton annually, and will employ
about one hundred aud seventy hands. The
wages of these workmen, in Switzerland,
would, on an average, be S25, ,2I5 in green
backs. With us, say S62 $40; and for
European hands, So, 500 annually. Hence
the home labor would cost S37, ,365, and the
European hands S57, ,225 more here than is
paid in Switzerland.
Let us, then, assume the estimate 10 be
approximately correct and apply it on a
million Of bales Of cotton. Suppose this cot
ton worth an average Of $50 per bale, or
one hundred and fifty millions of dollars.
IL appears from the above calculation that
more than ninety per cent on the cost Of raw
material is expended in labor and other cur
rent expenses These are almost wholly
domestic. IL we add this proportion to the
first cost Of the cotton, it will make the
million Of bales converted into cotton, cost
two hundred and eighty-iive millions OF dol
lars. five eadd fifty or flty-three per cent.
profit on the whole cost as in the Mobile
estimate, We should have an exportable
value Of about four hundred and twenty
seSeu millions OF dollars. This money
would be dr.sRn Cor and divided among the
plauieys, Armers, manufacturers and opera
tiv6s ofthe south. Ii would all remain in
the South-~less OF course, what was export
cd TO pay for other commodities.
These figures ere not expected to be ac-
curate In detail--they are thrown together
TO attract the attention Of our enterprising
men. The boldncss Of the computation Of
employing steam power in Mobile is very
suggestive. The coal deposits accessible TO
that city aud this would make the manuiac-
ture Of cotton by steam perhaps as reason
able as water power elsewhere; but even II
steam were more costly per SC than water,
he advantage Of dR open cotton warkot loherc a
factory oan bay day By dog, 'ritsoui tse risk and
outlay of haring 10 Keep oa hand al he gear a
stock adequate 70 meet contingencies. Is iRUuiu-
able Then the abundance Of operatives, who
have hahitatiOns convenient 10 the mills,
with the outlet 90 foreign markets, and the
home demand and delivery, which would be
at once established, render il possible that
the excess Of cost in steam here over water
power elsewhere, may be more than rcim-
bursed by other advantages.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-15

COMPLIMENTARY CALI UPoN MRs. PREsI-
DENT JUAREz-In New York city, Friday
evening last, the Hon L. u. CAMPBELL,
Minister 70 the Mexican Republic: Lieut..
Gen. SHERMAN, military envoy to the same
country; and Mr.. G.. l.. PLUSB Secretary
Of Legation to Mexico, paid their repecls 10
Madame JUAREL wife Of the Mexican
President al her residence in tha; city. prior
TO their departure Cor Che seat Of government
Of President JuARIz
II the world before had any doubt to
whom the newly appointed Minister 10
Mexico Is accrediscd by this Government il
is removed BY the fact We have announced
above Washington Repa5lican.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-15

ENrERrRIsE.-No man, except perhaps
such a method Of enlisting charity as this,
which we copy from the Chicago TiT5uas /;
The ladies OF Waukegan, in this State hit
upon a novel plan to raise the Wind 10 re-
pair their cemetery ground. On Tuesday
evening they held a levee in the largest hall
in town, and made arrangements TO receive
telegraphic dispatches Of the elections from
all the States. They also provided oysters
and other luxuries. An entrance fee Of
twenty-five cents was charged to all comers
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-15

THE NORTHERN METHoDIsTs IN THE
SoUrH.-The annual Conference of the
Methodist Protestant Church Of Virginia
was held at Lynchburg last week, and re-
solved: That our General Conference,
having referred the commissioners of the
Methodist Episcopal Church South and
their overtures to the consideration and
action Of our General Convention to meet
in Montgomery, Alabama, in May next we
recommend cur delegates to that body TO be
instructed 10 use their influence TO have cor
responding commissioners appointed on our
part, TO meet and confer with those Of the
Methodist Episcopal Church South upon
this subject and to facilitate the contemplat-
cd union Of the two Churches upon such
terms and principles as shall not compro-
mise the integrity Of the Methodist Pro-
testant Church, and shall be satisfactory
and honorable to both Churches, and TO
have their entire proceedings in the case re-
ferred to our annual Conferences for ratifi-
cation or otherwise
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-15

The Richmond Eagsircr SAYS: The
grand difficulty between the North and
South is briefly this The North asserts the
right Of the conqueror 70 impose foroibly
what il will upon the South. The South
admits the power, but denies the right The
North asserts is right 10 compel the South
10 indorse It's own dishon0r. The South
rejects this interpretation"