davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
NEWS FROM VENEZUELA.

Prosperous Condition or the Republic
Arrival OF the Chilean Minister at La.
guayra-Progress OF tho Puerto Cabello
Railroad-Political Changes In the In
teriOr. Sc.
We have from Venezuela to the 25th January.
The country continued perfectly tranquil and Its pros
perty was materially advancing.
The Todd arrived at Laguayra the 10th, having ON
board the distinguished poet Senor NJ Malta, as Chi
lean Minister Penpotentiary to Venezuela On the 23d
a magnificent meeting took place at Caracas In felicia
tion of his arrival.
The Ccio Of Puerto Cabello states that since the
rival Of Mr. r. Fre consulting engineer Of the railroad
company and Of the London directors the work had
been going forward rapidly and the rst track from
the wharf 10 the Pto was expected 70 be already in
February.
General Arcsmend had retired from the Presidency Of
the state of Guiana and gone to the capital business
connected with the railroad in contemplation.
The Legislature Of Carabobo met the 8ih at Vaen-
cia, when Colonel Cosme Peroso elected President
Senior NJ MaZo Vice President, and Senior Lcencate
Pedro Bermudez Secretary.
Tho proposed annexation Of Coedes into this State had
passed second reading
The Legislature of Guiana closed its sittings the
7th of December.
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

personal courage In the army Of BofA wnicn no on.
tered at the age Of fourteen, and has nce ned tne
highest grades Of service IN civil and MN ary ire ne
has been at various times q member OF thu Ooomo.an
Congress and twice President Of his native ny. ms
last great effort the field his entire throw OF
invading army OF Ecuadorans at Cuspad WIKI IN gave
peace and stability to Colombia This victory arked
by great clemency shown the conquered He is ates-
man. Of great learning naturalist, an clog. eht
writer and speaker liberal in politics. and warm frie
o. humanity 1t was during his nrst Presidency tha.,
was obtained by the Panama Railroad Company against
the efforts of both French and English interests ana all
his public have been marked by the largest and most
comprehensive views The family Of the Mosqueras is OF
Spanish origin and great wealth His brosher Joaquin
also President Of Colombia has several times visited
this country where he took q warm interest in edu
cational system. He is In Europe. son OF the
General was years since temporary resident In
this city.
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
Chtie.
STATI STICa.

glance at the map will best show the geographical
relations OF Chile TO the other Statcs Her boun.
Diary formation Is curious, but not less 30 than
that Of the surface Of the country which formed
almost entirely by the western slope Of tho Andes
mountains The streams all have . westerly now
through mountain passes rather than valleys and
the country Is unduating yet It Is by sterile
and barren The table lands very FERTILE whle the
wahngs Of the mountains keep the small but numerous
valleys or covcs annually renewed with rich soil The
climate Is highly suitable TO vegetation and Is considered
be among the healthy and genial In tho South
American continent
The chief wealth OF the State s 10 its numerous mines
within twensyaDc leagues OF Copiapo, the principal
northern town, and within the single province Of Alta
CANA there are nineteen silver mining districts contain
ing two hundred and sevenyave mines worked In 1883
by about three thousand miners also several gold and
copper mines In 1851 the mining district Of
Cades exported 900 pounds Of silver ore COO 900
ounces Of silver in bars and ngots and a. 600 900 in
value Of copper In 1857 the copper mines OF the
entire state produced in value and exported to tho
OF elo,T6o5 $50 The coal found in the Chilean
coast mines Ia suitable for steam and domestic, but
not for smelling purposes They have been successfully
worked since 1875.
Chile has I'VE hundred miles OF railways and ranks
the nh Of the countries possessing such improvements
take into consideration iis surface and population
Tho OF the State s estimated at 24e 952 square
miles The population In 1895 was about 1,si&ssf Tho
Of the stsieor 1862 90 2sI iss and the OF
pendurcs 90 $50 The total public debt foreign and
domestic s G2s The exports In 1894 amounted o
t2, sSs and the Imports 70 1887 3ss Tho stand.
ns army numbers aooo men The militia returns
muster about 100 600 The navy consists Of i've armed
steamer mounting thirty guns
tTs HISTORY.
me spanisrds afer the conquest Of Peru In 1880,
found the Indian tribes which Inhabited Che paying
aegtance 70 the Peruvian Inoas and determined s
occupeeon also. The war which ensued rcsultsd, IN
1tl, @eaay made on the present sits q BtubsIne
By which the dominion Of Spain VS. scknswledseA
Chile was thenoefcrth vicereyslty Spain until iSSD
when the ssate revoscd and sucrseded stsv s,rtssr
yeap war In throwing Cd the yoke os pain ara ~~sab
shine rcpubic which b. eruscd With psverai siehs
and brief Interruptions, y Ne present Two rsvos
bSgun by Colonel UniolA and found I've end In ths
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

STATISTICS AND rnPoaRAfHY.


Very nearly the description as regards topo-
graphy will apply TO Peru and Bolivia The latter, like
the former is much up by the Andes mountains and
not than half Its Of 4732ss miles under
capable Of cultivation The climate Of the valleys
too hot for sheep but vast herds of cattle feed the
banks Of the rivers, snd llama guanaco, vicuna and
various wild specimens OF the mule nhsbi, the noun.
Ans The principal vegetable productions cocoa Of
the hncst quality cotton indigo rice barley oats pots
toes sugar cane, maize Peruvian bark and numerous
other drugs and various imbcn NJ for every purpose
Gold IL found In all the rivcrs The region around
Ia Pn and Lake Ttcsca Ia said 10 b.
very ch In gold deposits The producsvcness Of the
silver mines Of Potca has bcca very grcs, fo many
years eDuer, lead tin, salt and sulphur add 10 iis
mineral Nsal,h.
Tho population of the State In 1859 LOST ss2 IN.
cuding sbout 2ls 900 indiana Who fast disappear.
ing The principal towns Ia Pah population Ts3rz;
Ccchabambs, 5000; Pososi, a 40; cceua rhs only
pors,, 1885, and ChuquisscA % Ia PsA, the capital,
pcpulsoa ooo The Of the ststs In ise<
estimated u ei,e7s,oeo, and the expenditures at
Si, rae ooo me State now owss ony ab@s tioo, ,ooo
the unpaid debs Il the Of 1887 mo ssandiss army
pumbsu only 800 msn The ssass haa sonsvy.
ITS HrsroaY.
Bolivia wss originally IN Integral rsr of Porn. and
NE history II that country dova V lsas shss u No
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
via also n was erected into an independent State by

h''a o~o' was erected into an Independent State BY
simon Bolivar August 8, 1925, by whom its original
constitution was framed II established lirsited
narchy IN all but the name, which repudlaed By the
people in 1929. The consequence has been that in the
ABSENCE OF any constitution Bolivia has been rent by
Dimensions and her strength wasted in ptestinai
unin within few years past In 1851 General Belzu,
its president, established the constitution of 1888,
and enabled 10 give the State something like perma
nent peace One Of those frequent revolutions which
distract the South American States has been going in
Bolivia since August last but 1t has not amounted to
anything than partisan The rebels led
by partisan named Arguedas, VIII the loyal forces
commanded by President Melgareo. tobJa
carried by the rebels November 1865. and they then
advanced towards Potosi The last from Pana
correspondent represents early conflict prob
able The last news from Bolivia gave account Of her
having joined hands with Peru and Chile TO resist tho
aggressions Of Spain.
THE GOVERNMENT.
The government OF Bolivia Is vested by the consttu-
tion in President Senate and House Of Representatives
The present government Is constituted as follows:
President ............. General Mariana Melgarejo.
Minister Of State. .......... Mariana Donate Mun0z.
Minister Of Finance. ........ Ricardo Busiamente
Minister of War.......... Gen. Juan Jose Sanchez.
Minister Of Public Instruction. Jorge Oblitaa
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

Tho heat OF the weather had been svrss on rOrist
even lOS degrees Fahrenheit ct Buenns and
mas day. This had made marching dhce> 1s also mar
the sickness on the Transports The camp a los had
ticpaed in the suffering from this cause ~ or DELAY
occurred among the sheep and cattle from
in watering tho
AT Montevideo the main point OF interest wss At
breaking OF the exequatur of the Chilean Envoy :
Monevideo resulting from warm correspondence wih
the uraguayan Minister for Foreign Affairs who decl neo
TO accede to the Chilean Enjoys request for permission
TO bring IN and sell Spanish vessels when captured pJ
Chilean privat ers, and who issued proclamation OF
strict neutrality forbdding prizes of either nation TO be
brought into Uruguayan ports and permitting 10 vessels
of war only stay of twenty four hours
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

The following Is the presont government Of the repah
SKETCH OF THE PRESIDENT.
Wug y.
STATISTICS.

The republic Of Uruguay about the same size as tAas
of Paraguay containing 1888 square miles, and aiss
resembles that country in its superficial aspects Aoag
coast is level but inland 1t very unduhns and
mountainous is not very productive, except of oass
and horses which form the chief source OF wealth fhe
population in 1860 about $50, 900. Tho State
revenue in 1851 amounted to S357s, So2, and the -.
pendtures to about the amount The public deSs
in the same year $40 900 OOo exclusive Of snal
debt Of S242, 900 due to England. The army nunbom
of regular troops % S00 but % stated that 1t has
fold for the against Paraguay at least 6o0oo
men. A circular regarding the condition OF the StatA
published by the Minister Of Foreign Affairs In 1884
estimates the imports Of tho year previous t12
and the exports at $40 900 0O0 Diplomatic relations ~
tween Uruguay and Chile and we believe others OF use
Pacific Ssts have bcen for time nterruPes1
by and through Spanish influence with the former.
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT.
Uruguay has formed independent republic since
1925 The executive and legislative power exerchB4
respectively by President elected for four years. ~
by Senate and House Of Representatives.
President nt.................Ge General venancis Fsre9
The New York herald., 1866-02-22


The Argentine Confederation consists OF fourteen pre-
vnces Of which the newly rencorporated one of ueuos
Ayres is the largest The is $40 7so square niles
excluding the provinces Of Buenos Ayres and
the latter Of which is considered part Of the conede
ration, though figuring on the map a separate State
The total area is estimated at 90 square miles, and
the total population 39l 800 The public revenue Of
the Argentine Republic was, in 1854, s7OO5, ,32s Tns
expenditures not known. Since the adoption Of
liberal commercial system the wealth of the Ar
gcniine Republic has increased rapidly that the exports
of wool from Hontevideo, which amounted twenty
years ago TO poends OF inferior quality psr
annum have increase TO 900 pounds of superior
quality The number OF horned cattle rs estimated a.
from 200 900 to 10000, 900 head The public debt,
including that Of Buenos Ayres. which, the return
of that State the consederacy assumed BY Ne
general government, amosnts 10 $2s,4s2621 Ne
regular army of Bucnos Ayrss alone at the ime q
its IL 900 strong and the navy consisted q
river steamers and six sailing vessels The toa q
the allied forces now employed by the republic In ne
war on Paraguay is estimated Al about $1,000 mea
HISTORY.
The several provinces composing the republic were ~
time colonies Of Span but gained their indepoaA-
ence In 1910 In July, 1915, they formed republic -
Of the 'United Provinces Of the RIO Do h
Plata and thus existed until 1884, when the consa-
ton creating the Argentine Confederation adopted
A still stronger union formed by the adoption q
new constitution in 1854 Buenos Ayres WHICH had %.
coded rcncorported to the republic in 1850 aatoe
short war; and the constitution revised to satisfv
the conquered. The war which shortly after begsa
with Paraguay served to unite the different States Ne
still closer union
GOVERNMENT.
The following Is the present government Of the repeb
lic:-
President. ................. .Bartholomi Mtre.
Vice President ............ Marcos PaZ
Foreign Minister. ........... .Rufno de Eizalde.
Minister Of the Interior. .Guillermo Rawson.
Minister Of Finance. .. =. Lucas Gonzalez Costa
Minister of Justice. ....... Eduardo Casio.
Minister OF War. General J. A. Gely ObaA
SKETCH OF THE PRESIDENT.
Bartholom Mitre born the frontiers OF Peta-
gonia in 1921. He the son of soldier, and has
been soldier from his cradle. When merely youth
he greatly distinguished himself under Garbadi ths
famous site Of Montevideo He fought for moro than
ten years against Rosas of Buenos Ayres and con-
manded the artillery colonel in tho battle OF CaSeoe
Qs52l in which Rosas overthrown President hitse
aferward rapidly In popular favor, and succeedeA
In bringing together again ALI the provinces OF the a
which elected him President In 1852 He Is now oon1
mander chief of the allied armies against Paraguay
He Is poet popular writer, and very able hisorsan
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

was killed The second was led by General Cruz q de-
feated candidate for the Presidency; but 1t failed
ITS GOVERNMENT.
The following is the government Of Chile at present
organlzed:-
Foreign Minister. .Alvaro Corarrubias.
Minister OF Justice. .......... Frederic Errazuriz
Minister ci Finance. .......... Alexandra Reyes
g. lNerain Chief OF the Armies General Manuel Bulnes
Con >ander OF the Navy. Flag Officer Juan Will
liams Reovlledo.
r~ lao eative power vested in a Congress- consist.
81 Ho use OF Delegates, composed Of seventy-two
cl directly by the people for three years.
md aS.n.te twenty members chosen by electors for
nine one xhird Of the latter being chosen every
third year.
sKprcT o,v THE PRESIDENT or CHILE.
Tho present Pres dent is Don jose Joaquin Perez He
was born ia Santiago March, 1901 and Secretary Of
the Chilean repaton 70 this country III 1927 In 1880
was made Consul Gene M to France In 1888 he returned
TO Chile and was elect deputy TO the National Con-
gress he was the ,. Vnister from Chile 70 Buenos
Ayres who was instr,y Nenal In bringing about the
war of lS4O between Chik and the Argentine republic
the one side and Peru anu Bolivia on the other In
1874 Perez was appointed divisional Minister Of FL
nance and in lS45 on ehe death OF the regular minis
ter, he confirmed in that position From 1649 70
1850 he Home and Foreign mister. In lS505l he
President Of the Chamber Of Deputies and in 1867
occupied tho same post in the SenNe. From 1858 70
1851 be was Prvy Counsellor under tNe administration
Of President Manuel Montt In 1861 he ~Hs elected Presi
dent for five years, his term expiring on tho 18th o.
September OF the present year.
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

Though FIRST in size and in wealth Of the South Amori
states Brazil Is not tho most important IN pre-
conaccton and proceed 10 speak Of the Pa
coast States rst because Of thcr relation to the
contes, with mouarchical institutions In which they are
engaged
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
French Guiana.

Frcnch Guiana or Cayenne sthe most castcriy colony
Of Guiana and province Of France 1t has Of
1900 square miles and population Of about 20 600 In
addition 70 the staples TO Dutch and British
Guiana Il produces pepper, cloves cinnamon and nut
megs The trade In those articles alone amounts 70
s. 900 annually The French settled this province
In 1904 Great Britain failed In attempt 10 seize In
1909 II Is now o penal settlement
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
THE ATLANTIC COAST STATES.
Vonozuela.


TOPOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS.
The topography Of Venezuela well its climate and
other pecuarties similar to those remarkable In
Ecuador and New Granada Its Is 426 7l2 square
milos, and the population about 100000 The chief
city is Caracas the capital which has large population
The Of the State In 1860 about So 000
while the expenditures amounted 10 about $12 900 0o0
The public debt is about $50 The standing army
numbers 200 The navy consists OF twenty small
vessels mounting In all nifty guns
ITS HISTORY.
Columbus discovered Venezuela little veuice) in
14o8 and took possession Of In 1499 The colony de-
clared its independence or Spain In 1871 but did not
gain II until Bovars success In 1924 when the Colon
ban confederation formed Venezuela retired from
The confederacy In 1881 and adopted constitution
Like Ecuador this act followed by internal dissen-
sions In 1S4s General Jose Tadeo Monagas, who was
President assumed the dictatorship, and ruled for eleven
year He was overthrown In 1859 by revolution, led
by General Jose Antonio Paez who, however failed to
give peace TO the country In June 1853 General Paez
and General Falcon the leaders Of the two parties signed
the reay Of Caracas Falcon elected President and
the country has since been at peace
GOVERNMENT.
President Gen. Juan c. Falcon.
Vice President ............ Antonio Guzman Blanco.
Foreign MIN ster. Guliermo TellviiegaS
Minister of War and Navy. Manuel E. Bruzual
Minister or Finance. Guillermo lribarren.
Attorney General. ............ Dr. Urtaneda
SKETCH OF THE PRESIDENT.
General Juan c. Falcon Is known as very warm
partisan of the independence OF South America He is
expected to in Chic and tho other republics and has
threatened 10 send expedition against Cuba which he
proposes TO command in person.
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
Dutch Guiana.

Dutch Guiana surinam has Of 90 900 square
mles and population Of about 900 Inhabitants The
principal cities arc Paramarbo the cap tai, Batavia,
Orange and Fredenburg. The principal exports cof
fec, moasscs, sugar and rum Tho imports In 1858
amounted SsIS41a and tho exports 10 81, 3i2 l1s
The Is estimated at $500 000 and the expendi
70 at about the same Tho colony settled by tho
Dutch 1880 and left 10 them by the British when in
l7S3 that nation appropriated tho largest and richest
third OF the old province OF Guiana
The New York herald., 1866-02-22

single battle which that ofcer fought and In which he
was killed The second led by General Cruz o de-
feated candidate for the Presidency; but 1t failed.
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
British Guiana.

British Guiana Demarara is the largest Of the three
divisions into which the former territory Of Guiana has
been divided. province Of En- Gland II IS mostly
hilly and there few settlements except along the
Pomaroon and Essequebo rivers and In the Interior on
the Demarara and Corentyn rivers The principal towns
New Amsterdam and Georgetown The principal
productions sugar, moasses, rum, coffee, timber,
dye stufs &C. The mpors- in 1856 were $sso,0le and
the exports 81, ,33l 37 The in the same year
amounted to 81 0o and the expenditure 10 ST. l97,
655. The Is about 900 square miles, and the
population $50 000 The province was settled by the
Dutch in 1880 and taken by the English in Esl but
restored 10 Holland in 1888 In 17o6 il again seized,
again elcas ID In 1901 but finally seized again by Britain
In 1903 and she has since retained her grip on It. The
pres mt colonial Governor is Francis Hincks, b. who
was appointed December Q. 1861
SKETCH OF GOVERNOR HINCKs.
Governor Hincks Ia native OF Cork, and settled In
Canada, when he became q member OF tho Provincial
Parliament He q strenuous advocate OF "responsi-
bic government" His efforts TO obtain the recognition
OF his principle that the Governor Of Canada should
govern through ministers having the confidence OF the
Canadian Parliament Is sad TO have contributed NO little
the OF Canada to the British empire Ho
Prime Minister, under Lord Elgin, Of Canada In
1855 he appointed Governor Of the Barbadoes and
In 1890 made Governor OF British Guiana Since then he
has been created G. b. Companion of the Bath
The New York herald., 1866-02-22
SKETCH OF THE PRESIDEN.

General Juan c. Falcon Is known as a very warm
partisan of the independence OF South America He IL
expected to on Chic and tho other republics and has
threatened 10 send expedition against Cuba which he
proposes to command in person.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869, 1866-01-13
DAILY, sEMI-wEEKLY AND WEEKLY
THE NEW YORK WEEKLY AND SEMI
WEEKLY NEWS.
JNHE INVENTORS ---.-.------.....
AND MANUFACTURERS Oh
FAIRBANKS, STANDARD SCALES

Attach less importance to the very largo number OF
80. PREMIUMS .'..t' t.' % .-' ...
which have been awarded to tAA-' h-
- s Agricultural ocatiOns, than to the elnh
ti far more significant and to them satisfactory en-
basement of practical business men, during term oil
vars extsnding far beyond and covering the entire
Lusinass life of a score Of imitators
49,, annliance of power and skill isnOw being used
to supply the constantly increasing demand for these
wsll-known and universally approved t'
STANDARD SCALES. a.
Every effort will be used, to meet the wants
Of our friends consistent with retention OF their SUI
ne rr qualities and perfect protection Of their world,
wild. reputation for ACCURACY, DURABILITY and
CONVENIENCE.
NNs-r.,ts1 % usu.l .l4.e.Il.It boo 1.
FAIRBANKS & CO, ,
nov4.gm 252 Broadway New York. &.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869, 1866-01-13
NTOTICE Isl HEREBY GIYEN NAV AZ
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT APP

NOIlCE Is HEREBY CIV In THAT AP-
~ pliea;ion will be made TO the Nirg ia and Tennss
se3 and Richmond and Ork River Railroad Companies
Tor the Reissue Of the following Coupon bonds Of thu
said companies, which destroyed n the great -
this city, that occurred April Sd 1860 81. .
$500 Coupon Bonds OF the Virginia and Tennessee
RailrsAd Company braIng per cent interest, dated
July - 1854 and payable 3Oth june lSS-Sl 900 cash
Isl January, 1855.
$1,000 Coupon Bonds Of the Richmond and YORK. River
Railroad ComPsuy, bearing per cent. interest, pay
able lst January. 1871, 81 go each Nos pc 39l 22
800, S47 interest from lst January, lS6J.
deeSO-law2m c BIAS
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869, 1866-01-13
BOOTS, SHOES, &c.
MEMS AND BOYS THICK BROGANS.
DAGUERREAN GALLERIES.

HOME AGAIN.-FOr seven months past I
i have had no business, having lost my gallery and
nearly my all blythe great Ere on this Sd 81 April.
have the pleasure now TO announce to my friends aud
the public that have once more GALLERY, located
the Of Ninth and Main streets, with ala
trance Main Through W. ID. Cookies bookstOtc) and
also Ninth street / am supplied with entirely
aud the most improved apparatus and stock, and have
secured the services OF 4. Jefferson Himmo TO the
manor born" who has had dfteen year, expo
Renee.
As in the past, 80 In the future, promise my patrons
good and asflctory work.
@. w. MEEIs, Photographic
oct27--ly Corner Main and Ninth reefs
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869, 1866-01-13
.ENAMlLY DYE COLORS.

L'Bb' iaWh DAD, heiow,
For Dying silk, WoOlen and Mixed Goods, Shawls,
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RE saving OF eighty per cent. "a
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Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869, 1866-01-13

MARYLAND BAG FACTORY, SOUTH
wi west corner Of South and Pratt streets, Baltimore
Md, WAKEFIELD, ELlNEFELTER CO., Proptletors,
dealers in Bags, Ship Chandlory Paints, oils, BLOCK
Hemp and Patent Cordage; Fishing, Cotton and bpli
Ropes; Scina and Sail Twnes Cotton Waste, Packing
Yarn Oakum Anchors. Chains, Wndlasses, &C. &c.
Orders promptly attended to. sep"S-eod6m
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1865-1869, 1866-01-13
JAMS law4y

VIRGINIA AT rules held in the Clerk 5
once Of the Circuit Court Of the city Of Richmond,
on the lot day OF January, 1866
Noses Early, ;. T. Dunkel and George A Frick mer-
chants aud partners under the name Of Early Com
pany-Plaiuuds,
ID Green Defendant,