The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1864-1911, 1866-12-12
ESTABLISHED A. D. 1882.

republican system, and with the proiesse
| objects of the war. Throughout the recer
Eislation Of Congress, the undeniable fac
tnakes itself apparent, that these ten politi
cal communities are nothing less than State
of this Union. AT the very commencement
Of the rebellion, each House declared, wit
unaDimity as remarkable as it was sgniIi
cant, that the war was not "waged uro
our part, in any spirit Of oppression. no
| tor any purpose of conquest or suhjuCation
| nor purpose of overthrowing or nterlerin.
with the rights or established institution, q
| q oSc States, but to defend and maintain
the supremacy of the Constitution and al
laws made in pursuance thereof and t,
prcseye the Union with oil the dignity
! equality, and rights of the several unim
paired; and that as soon as thes. objects
we're accomplished the war ought to cease. ,
In some instances, Se!titurs were permitted
TO continue their legislative functions, while
in other instances Representatives were
elected and admitted to seats after thei,
States had formally declared their right tc
w,thd aw from the Tn on and were erdeav
oring to maintain that right by force o.
arms. All Of the States whose people were
in insurrection, as States, were included il
the apportionment oi the direct tax oftwen
ty millions OF dollars annually laid upon the
United States by the act approval 5th Aug
ust, 1861. Congress, by the act Of March
4, 1862, and by the aprortonmcnt of repre-
sentation Hereunder, also recognized their
presence as States in the Union; and they
have. for judicial purposes, been divided
into districts, az States alone can be divid
ei. The same recognition appears in the
rtccnt legislation in reference to Tennessee,
which evidently rests upon the fact that the
functions of the State were not destroyed
by the rebellion, but merely suspended; and
that principle is oicourse applicable to these
States which, like Tennessee, attempted to
renounce their places in the Union.
The action of lhe Executive Dppartmcn Mt
of the Government upon this subject has
been equally definite and uniform, and the
purpose Of the war was specifically stated in
the Proclamation Issued by my predecessor
en- the 22d day. of September, 1862 1t
was then solemnly proclaimed and declared
that hereafter. as heretofore the war will
be prosecuted for the object Of practically
restoring the constitutional relation hctwcth n
the United States and each of the States
and the pcope thereof, in which States that
relation is or may be suspended or disturb
ed"
Tie recognition as the States By the Ju-
dicial Department of the Government has
also been clear and conclusive in all proceed
ings affecting them as States, had in the
Supreme, Circnii, and District Courts.
In the admission of Senator'S and Rep
icscntatives from any and all of ,he States,
there can be no just glound of apprehension
that persons who are dislnyal viii be clothed
with the pcwers CT legislation; for this
could not happen when tile Cop>ttution
and the laws are enforced by a viglant and
faithful Congress. Each House is made
the Judge of the elections, returns, and
qualifications of its own members and
may, with the concurrence of two,thirds,
cxpel a member" When a Senator or
presents his certificate Of
e.ection, he may at once he admitted or re-
iectcd; or, should there hc any question as
to his eligibility his credentials may be- re-
icrred fer investigation to the appropriate
1t addmitltcd to scat. it
must be uprn evidence satisfactory to the
House of which he thus becomes n member
that he possesses the requisite constitutional
and legal qualifications. If refused admis-
sion rs mt nIber for want of cue allegiance
to the government, and returned to his
they are admonished that
none but psrsons loyal to the United States
will be allowed voice in the Legislative
Councils Of the Nation, and the political
power and moral influence of Congress are
thus effectively exerted in the interests Of
loyalty 50 the Government and fidelity to
the Union. Upon this question so vitally
affecting the restoration Of the Union and
the pcrmauency OF our present form OF gov
ernnicnt. my convictions, heretofore ex-
pressed. have undergone no change; but. On
the contrary, their corie;tness has been
confirmed t'y reflection and time. IF the
admission Of loyal members to seats in the
HouSes Of Congress was wise and
ex;edient year ago, it is no less wise and
ticn is right w,-if, in the exact condi-
tion of these States at the present time, it
is lawful to exclude them trom 'reprcsenta-
ton, do not see that the question will be
changed iy the efiiux of time. Ten years
hence, if these States rema,n as they are,
the right of representation will he no
strongrr-the right Of exclusion will be no
weaker.
The Constitution of the United States
makes it the duty Of the President to re-
comnp nd to the consideration of Congress
such measures as he shall judge necessary
or expedient." ;" | know of 10 measure more
imparti, ely demanded by every con.ilera-
tion Of national interest, sound policy aud
equal justice, than the admission of loyal
members from the now unreprcsened
States This would CT nsummate the work
of restoration, and exert most salutary
influence in the establishment of peace
harmony and traternal feeling. 1t would
tend greatly to renew the confidence of the
American people in the vigor and stability
of their institutions. 1t would bind lis more
closely as nation, and enable us to show
to the world the inherent and recupelative
power of Government founded upon the
will of the people, and established upon the
principles Of liberty, justice, and intelligence
Our increased strength and enhanced pros.
perity would irreirangably demonstrate the
faIlacy of the arguments against free insti-
tutions drawn from our recent national
disorders Ey the enemies of republican gov
er mcnt. The admission ofloyal members
from the States now excluded from Con.
gress, by allaying doubt and apprehension,
would turn capital, now awaiting an op.
portnnity for investment. into the chanels
of trade and industry. 1t would alleviate
the present troubled condition of tho q
States, and. bv inducing emigration aid in
the sentiment Of fertile regions now uncnl
tivated, and lead to an increased production
OF those staples which have added so greatly
to the wealth of the patton and the com
merce Of the world New fields Of enter
prise would be open to our progressive
people, and soon the devastations of war
would be repaired, and all traces of our
domestic difference effaced from the minds
of our conntrymen.
In our efforts to preserve "the unity Of
Government which constitutes us one peo.
pie, " by restoring the States to the condi
ton which they held prior to the rebellion
we should be cautious, lest, having rescued
our nation from perils oi threatened disin
tcgration, we resort to consolidation, anc
in the end absr Into dospofism nc , r.r,ol,