davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1866-01-11

lighted my husband IN his duneeon-softened
bis pIiaon wills with sunny pictures OF loving
eyes and outstretchcd RIMS
Grief Hud gratitude seem 70 impose upon
me silence. 1wou1d. but cannot say more. !
Will incloee within this notc the names and d.
rcctions OF gentlemen to whom the contsiou-
tions Of which you speak may be inclosed.
; AND instead OF the eloquent voice which 30
often has poured forth his lore to his dear
people, now mute, offer wife and mothers
and countrywoman's gratitude to Jou and
those Ton represent.
hare the honor to be, very gratefully and
sincerely yours, VARIsA dawn.
, 1866-01-11

tion In undorwriters' IN probing 10 the very
bottom t. whole history, before The payment
Of losses. Thern kfe occasions when every
honest man L. willing to be searched 10 Aid
in tracing home the thieE Every Innocent
loser by fire will be relieved By the proof Of
hi. probity, In payment Of his policy afse.
such investigation has bccn made
Let us then urge It strongly as th. daty Of
underwriters, TO become the preventive Euar-
dians Of the property Of the community. by
means readily in tueir control. It viii b.
for such protection of community, II forfeit
orcrtakfs the policies Of all careless house-
holders who ect their premises alamo ut mid
night by ash, barrels, or 1ickety heatins
arrangements. II tho policies demand that
the merchant shall nightly close his iron
shutter. and trnp-doors, let the construction
aud dealing aftct loss be strictly by thn bond.
and letter Of the policy. Whatever Ia set
down IN advance, AZ the condition oi security
in the policy, is for protection Of community.
a lew warnings will be salutary, If admins
tered IN the direction Of forfeiture after loss
bF negligence and noncompliance. Thus
much Of the protection We have right to
demand Of insurers, against the dangerous
carclessness or crimes of our neighbors.
This we urge as duty belonging to Insur-
anee Companies. Il will be a variation on
the too common course Of some, who believe
that fires are excellent occasions for Advertis-
ing prompt payment Of losses" and who
are unwilling 10 fall behind their ncIshbors in
this respect. Competition Is the Life of
trade,' but this is not the only way In
Nh{ch cnrnnef ft{ar m az Tn %1,a how. ~ ~. t..
, 1866-01-11
THE ERA OF FIRES.

VIC are In the midst Of an era Of fires. The
list OF these calamities In onr own city for the
past month Is appalling. Within the same
1wcnty-four hours it has happened that there
have been three or four fires, some Of them
OF very destructive class, and in the
aggregate they constitute grave aspect Of
tie times. There Is more in thu matter than
pertains simply to the detziment Of the under
writing interest, though this cannot suffer
without precisely corresponding peI 10 pub
lie welfare II is time 10 aak that general
attention be called to the present crisis, not
alone In Chicago, but In all parts of the
country. for fire ite1ns have recently been the
staple Of Our news dispatches, and the burden
Of our exchanges, declaring the general vlsi-
tatiou OF this scourge,
II will not do TO ascr3bc the canse of these
trooping disasters solely to the influences of
The season. The period of rigorous cold, with
high fires, defective 1aes, md heating appa-
1atus Imperfectly secured, hos Indeed much
10 de with It. The only remedy In this branch
of the case Is universal increase Of cnutiou.
Householdcrs owe Ii to themselves and to tho
community TO place m especial guard over
these sources Of peril But there Is more in the
evil than can be written down under tlls
head. Lei US speak plainly the conviction Of
community that such m era Of disaster is al-
mort sure to thickcn its ravaSScs on a falling
snar1et. In season Of general decline In
prices, and Threatened commercial mishaps,
The temptation is upon every dishonest trades
man md shaky owner Of insured property to
sell out TO his underwriters. This, It cannot
be denied. is the key TO many fires. Aud the
temptation is strengt tbened by every Instance
where the stock Of goods to-day is speedily
commuted Into the easily redeemed policies
tomorrow. Against Luis source OF disaster
there can be but one form OF protection to
community, and 1t lies III the ceascless y1si.
lance of tile Insurance companies, while
equally Of service is this samc vigilance in the
lirst named class Of causes-carclessuess o.
culpable negligence Of tho parties Insured.
As TO tho other and graver class Of causes
oytl1ea. the mztter is far more serious. w
do not desire 10 cast q suspicion upon ever,
unfortunate merchant or milliner who has bec1
burned out. But VIC do firmly belierc thu
IN every case Of destruction Of stock o
goods or insured merchandise, the reputation
OF the honest sufferer will receive gratefu
Endorsement by the most vigilaut scrutiny q,
TO the origin Of the fire, and the utmost eau
, 1866-01-11
oESFORCED EDCCAT80y.s ,:

The Coppcrhead organs have discovered
another grievance. Ono of those relentless
and fRnatical oppTessors Of the South, d.
nominated Radicals, introduced resolution
In Congress, which resolution has been adopt
cd by the Abolition House Of Representatives,
that the Committee on Reconstruction 4sbe
instructed 10 inquire into the expediency Of
establishing national Bureau of Education"
Ills terrible resolution rccitcs, in its pream-
bic. that tho disasters which have afflicted the
nuton are ttaceable, in a grcat degree, to the
absence of general education among the people
ot the rcbcllious 6tates," md proposes that
any effort which the national Government
may constitutionally mike to remedy the
cv1 Of ignorance, and to extend the blcssiu.z
of knowledge, shall recognize no distinction
Of race or color.
We read this larmless-appearing resolution
with considerable inward satisfaction. In
Our complnccnt way-for VIC nrc. or were,
wholly ignorant OF the artful deyices of those
horrible Radicals, who, IL appears, are In line
1ahit Of Disgusting their most tyrannica1 op-
ptessions under the innocent curb OF religion,
philanthropy, human rights and education
"a disguise, We arc happily assured, never
adopted by the " Democracy 1--WE congratu.
lated ourselves that, at last, the National
Government was nbout to abandon politics
for moment, to pay some attention to the
too long neglected but vital interests Of gene
ral education, one Of the coner-stoues Of free
government. We enjoyed vision OF intelll-
Ecnce, thrift, and prosperity and, Of course,
OF large accession to the subscription list OF
1he TRIBUNE, which always houri.hes where
school houses abound.
MousttuuB delusion! We have received
and read several Southern and Northern Cop
pcrhead papers-whose especial business 1t il
to watch and expose the nctarious plots Of the
Radlcals--from which We learn that this re-
solution has n horribly wicked intent. Il is
only another coe-whcel in the ruthless ms
chine ty which the Southern lambs arc to be
slaughtered into very bad quality OF tsabo.
htion" mutton. II Is dial'olicaI, a peiarious,
horrlblc,-in short an aWfully wicked de-
sign 10 force upon the unwilling South an
nr1ny Of New England school.marms! A
cunning and undcrhanded plot to iorce the
sonE Of Southern '*gcntlemcn" TO learn their
A Ca in country schoolhousesl A most
internal plan 10 elevate the ''white rnsh'' to
the intellectual altitude or Southern "gentle-
mcn," through the wicked magic OF Webster's
Elementary spelling Booki And young
Cutfec and Topsy are to be trained sufficiently
to al least initiate the elegant love.lcttcr style
Of the Southern "brarcs," whose achieve
mcnte In amatory correspondence fell by
bushels into the hands Of the barbarous
Ianks, and were the sport Of the camp and
the derision Of Northern mudsill newspapers
All this, and much more Of the same sort,
RI LIZ .Sx.A ~. E.
, 1866-01-11
Letter from MRS. Jefferson Davis.
MIL VIEw, Ga, Dec. 4, 1865,
T. B. Clarke, E1q, sscsct1ly and Agent L.. $. A.

T. D. Clarke. Eaq, s.czctazy and Agent l., $. A.
Association:
MI DEAR s1n : I am in receipt Of your very
kind letter in the name of the Ladies' South
purpose of Placing'' me 6and family in cir
cumstapces somewhat commensurate with
their estimate Off me and mine, and begging
that will, at my earliest convenience, desis-
nate place to which the means 50 collected
may be conveyed, 70 that they may 'tsalely
and satisfactorily" reach me.
From our desolated and impoverished
friends scarcely expected such an expression
Of material sympathy, though my powers Of
gratitude have been almost daily taxed to
think those who hare, with SO much heart
e1oQuence, plead With the President for him
who, though unsuccessful, has given you all
he cou}d-bia best energies; md whose only
trust, often expressed, that be hiss not lost
your confidence and love Ignorant Of all
which his own people hare done for him in
his painful captivity, bis devotion is unabat-
ed. ."Ihe unfortunate have always been de-
serted and betrayed, but did ever man have
power to serve? The multitude are silent;
why should they speak sare to him who
hears best the words most secretly uttereds
My OWE henrt tells me the sympathy exists
that the prayers from the family hearth are
not hushed. Be loving and cont!ding stu to
kuOSE krQEn uOul A&4EE 4GkIAfGA AA4I4 L4VkC
than deserve far more official honors than
/ ever desired. Those for whose cause suf
fer are not unworthy Of the devotion Of
all which Ihad to .iTe." This Is the mes
sage Of love which Is sent through prison
gates to our own people. I say onr people be-
cause both Of us have been brought up With
you one Of Us Was bora In Mississippi, the
other came to her In infancy. These arc my
own people, and It Is a privilege Of which no
change Of circumstances can deprive me. To
the accepted prayers Of our widows and or
phans, our suffering but heroic women, our
brave and true men, our innocent little chill
dsen, I look for the restoration to my little
children Of their agonized but Christian faith
e1. Ifs mercifu} Providence 60 ordain 1t, We
hope to live and die among you, mutually
consoling and bearing each Others burthens.
I pray God that we may not be driven forth
from the home of our childhood. "for how
can We sing our own song in strange land -
We would not have our dear friends be-
Iayed by their sympathy Into offering,
for our uee, too much from their own bssk-
ct and store.'1 i And milne have, 80 far,
been miraculonsly cared for md shielded from
want We seem ever euyironed by the love
which Is reflected upon u from that which
, 1866-01-11

fnodt1 Ccku--.'.t edV A99st99o ~ 20
Lsn6ei ie1iroesj s5SslsS Is @sssS @ ''s 1s.Ssis!@
The above table shows that all kinds Of
farm products In Nor. 1865, averaged, taken
higher titan In LEGO. Now, 1t must be borne
in mind that there Is little OF no Federal tax
laid on any Of the above list, while on all
manufactured articles there is a heavy tax,
tax that frequently laps over the grown arti-
times.
But 1t may be said that the farmer edt his
pay In par funds in 1SG0, while in Isis his
money was worth bpt 70 per cent in guild =
very true; but so did the manufacturer have
10 take his nay in the same deprecated cur
rency. It was as fair tor The one class rs the
other.
Let rs select list of all the articles Of
American manufacture "protectcd by the
tariil, and compare their who1esale selling
price with thoee OF 1850, aud subtract from
the excess the internal taxation, licences and
stamps, and 1t will be found that the en-
hanccd pr1co Is NOT larger-no, not 50 large
as that Of agricultural produeta- If there IA
and the Cause Of that exception is the scarcity
and dea.ness of cotton during the past four
years. Raw cotton Aas cost from 40 to 900
per cent more since 1863 than before the HRr.
It is even now from 400 to so per cent higher
than In 1860. II Is perfectly 1bsurd to expect
to buy cotton goods rs cheaply with raw cot
ton ut half dollar clear up TO dollar and
half a pound, as when that staple sold at
the New England mills for ten cents per pound
And II is sttll greater folly To charge the ad-
vance in these goods to the taritf. The tar
i'll has precious little to do with it, II cotton
goods were imported FREQ, the reduction in
price would scarcely be noticed or felt. Rail-
road iron cost, year ngo, SEQ per ton, now
It costs bnt SIS. Woolcn goods hare also
come down very much. There is large re.
ductlon taking place in almost all articles Of
American Manufacture. Let gold fall to
par with ETcenbacks, md a1l homemade az
iicles will be again sold almost as
prospecting, tho farmers arc out Of
debt snd own hundreds Of millions of !530s
and 7-srs. Business Is good labor Isl well
employed and rewarded. The revenues of
the Government are immense, and its credit
is rapidly improving at home and auroad, and
take the North as { whole people, We have
never since the Revolution enjoyed greater
prosperity, even In the face Of, our
enormous debt and heavy taxes. Is It
right or wise, then, 10 stir up IN
agitation 50 causeless against protection
to domestic industry, and fill peoples
minds with false statements aud visionary
theoriesy II Is a good old maxim to let well
enough alone. Let us improve our tariff sys-
TEN, but not abolish 1t. II II Is found to be
too high on q particular article, lower tho
duty on that article; If too low on something
else, raise II. Taken with oil lis defects, IT. Ia
the best revenue tariff this nation ever pos
sessed, and the facts prove my assertion.
PROTECTION.
, 1866-01-11
Death Of Gerard I1aliock, Of the New
York Journal Of Commerce.


The death Of Gerard Hallock, Esq, one oi
the Oldest and most respectable journalists oi
the United States, ia announced. He died at
New Haven, CT, on Thursday, in ripe old
nge- Hawas born In Plainfe1d, Mass., March
IL, 1850, and became identified with newspa.
per enterprises at an early age. In 1921 he
established the Boston Ttiegruph, 4 weekly
journal, which was afterwards merged IN the
Recorder B..
:. Mr.. Hallock, In connection with the Late
David Hale, purchased the New York .ournoI
cf Commerce in 1923. It had been started by
Mr.. Arthur Tappan and Others as IN abolition
paper, but proved a failure pecuniarily, and
upon coming into the hands Of the DECEASED
and his partner advocated conservative (os
Democratic) doctrines. 3tr. Ha1lock became
disconnected with the Journal Of Commerce In
the spring of1SB1, when the position the pa-
per took on the rebellion question offended
The Government, and the paper was, BY or
der Of the Washington authorities, refused
postal transport-tn effect killing tho paper
paper, selling bis interest to Mcssrs. ". c.
Prime md David Il. Stone, who are now the
owners, in conjunction with Mr. WIN. II. Hal
ock lGerard's eldest son. and the heirs Of
Mr. Gerard Hallock Was man of great and
sterling integrity. What he said be meant,
ard what be promised he always performed.
Ideas, probably there never was one who had
held the elevated position Of chief editor Of IN
influential morning newspaper In metropoli-
tan city for so many years, who bad 80 little
personal intercourse With his fellows With
probably Tie exception Of few ofthe old
habitnes Of "down town." whose political
proclivities were of the same stamp, and who
would occasionally drop into the Office to
have chat, Mr. Hallock's person was en-
tircly unknown to the mass Of the business
people Of this city. In general society he was
never seen. Although he had fine estate at
New Haven, where his family resided, he
never, except on extraordinary occasions,
spent more than q portion OF Saturday and
Sunday with them for years his custom be-
ing to leave Wall street On Saturday morning
for New Haven and return again on Monday
The rest OF his time was chiefly
spent at his desk in his editorial room, and
about nine In the evening he would retire to
bis bedroom, in the same building.
Mr Hallock, although 8 man Of positive
opinion and determination, possessed a kind
heart and open hand. and ii Was rare indeed
that an appeal for aid was eyer than most
generously responded to- His donations to
charitable and other institutions were nlso Of
the same liberal character. The Consrega-
tional Church, In New Haven, at which be
Worshiped, was built entirely by him, at a
cost Of Isl, 600, and the Southern Aid Society,
IN organization established for the diffusion
efthe Gospel among the masses OF tho South.
was IN great measure supported by his purse
and personal e1ertiops.
Mr.. Hniiock has lett widow, two sons and
two daughters. =.
, 1866-01-11
Lumber FrcIyhas,
CHICAGO, Jan. 8, 1866,

NeSeIf. Editors.
I notice in the discussion nov going on
touching railroad freights, but Mght refer
ence to the railroad charges on lumber. 70
the producer OF food It Is Of tho first import
ance that the indispensable commodity, lum-
Der. should come to him burdcncd with as
light charges Us possible. There IL at preAent
nn'unusual stsgnatiou In the lumber trade Of
ChicnEo, and II need not be repeated TINT this
interest Is one Of the most Important among
the many which have made Chicago what it
Is- The prices now ruling nre twenty y-tiyo per
cent lower than Ia Jannary, 1866, yet the
fIelghts On Borne OF the railroads arc consider
ably higher, and on all ADORE the rites
changed In january, 1866. The dealers have
reduced prices within the last month. and
are willing TO reciprocate with the farmers for
the reductions to which they are obliged to
submit, In the value of their corn, cats,
wheat, pork, &c., &c--but VIC can see no rea.
son why The railroads should not also como
At once into an honest reciprocity md reduce
the cost Of transportation Of lumber. It Is
the high freIghts which keep back orders
quite rs much as the enhanced price has here
toforc, and now that lumber can be had slx
dollars per thousand less thau In January,
1865, LET the railroads make a corresponding
reduction, and VIC shall see our lumber rapid
ly transformed to the prairies where # Is
wanted. LUMBER.
, 1866-01-11
The Freedmen. A Southern Project
Kebuked.

The South is full Of schemes for the man.
nsscment of the Freedmen, which, various as
they arc, agree In the sole respect OF attempt
ing In every case to leeislate against the
blacks. Among these plans the Louisville
Journal, of the 9th, publishes an elaborate
circular from one J. F. Gay, Of Huntsville,
Ala. In reference to the Il Amelioratjon, Ed
ucation and Colonization Of tho Co1ored Race
considered IN conn :ction With the Reorgani-
cation Of the Labor systcm'' Of the South.
It is no more nor less than formidably In
tricate plan for apprenticing the blacka for
Gay's ponderouB scheme by pronounctng II
visionary and mpracticable, and adds:
The apprentice system Is not = new one.
, 1866-01-11

Coon JOKE on WEST Po1yr-We hear
that West Point engineering has come to
grief. The labor OF fifty soldiers has been
employed for year past In building new
dock Of stone some 900 yards further d,wn
the river than the old one: Along the waters
stone has been built, and the whole under
taking wanted only few weeks Of comple-
ton. It has been the abhorrence Of the SOL
diers, for 1t has been kind of galley work"
imposed upon: them as punlshment- It has
been to the superintendent, Gen. Cul}o,n, II
"the apple Of his eye," and he has personally
supezintended it. Having finished tho stone
, 1866-01-11

determination cn sccornt u which It Is coaazzsd
ccaeer md IN no eEezt 10 b e1erci-ed III any State
IN which the ordinary cuuze 0! judicial preesed-
trga has not been interrupted by ihe rebelia7, pcf
IN any fnE& State afteE said State has been fay
ed Siatef, md tle courts Of the State and Of the
United States ~ithlu the ssme nre not dlstusbs o.
etupzed In the ptAccAbIe eoltna Of frst1ee
, 1866-01-11
REPORT on THE PUBLIC LANDS.
Grants to Different States-The Pacific
Railway Routes Of Con.
rFNRn.

Grants to Different Stafes-The Pacific
Railway Routes Action Of Con.
cFcss.
Correspondence N. T. Evening Posf.1
WAsursa1oS, Jan. {. 1865,
An important resolution was introduced into
the House this afternoon by Mr.. Rice. Of
3iainc. 1t provides that the public lands at
the South shall be thrown open to actual set
tiers under the provisions Of tho Homestead
Act. According to the opinion OF the Com.
missioner, these lands are now open to blaek
as well as white, aud the President, holding
this view, stated come weeks ago to : delcga-
ton Who waited upon him, that be was pre-
pared to protect the blncks in their rights to
occupy these Lands. There isaIeady move
ment on the part Of the whitepeople of these
States to ehnt them out from this privilege.
and large quantity Of land has already been
entered By whites Congress will undoubt-
ed1y legislate to prevent any monopoly.
The report Of the Commissioner of tle
General Land Office, which has come from tho
statistics. Under the head of ss Rise and Pro
gTess Of the Railway System under Congress
siona1 Lcglslation,", the Commissioner states
that Congress has granted to the single State
Of Illinois oo,o69 acres, which have been
valued % high as thirty millions Of dollars.
public lands In that State had been disposed
Of; but now, afler n lapse Of only hfieeu
years, scarcely an acre IL left in the Slate.
The grants to Mississippi, Alabama, Mis-
sou1t, Arkansas, Iowa, Florida, Michigan,
Louisiana, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kaa.as
aud Illinois amount to over forty
millions Of acres. Wisconsin. Michigan
and Oregon have received two and
one-quaHer millions Of acres for the coustruc-
tion Of wagon roads. This is little, however,
In comparison with the grants made to the
great Pacific railway routes. The authority
for these grants Of lind is found In the act Of
July /. 1857, and the amcndatory law Of July
2, 1864. The concessions to the Union
Central route amount to thirty-aye millions
of acres The Northern route-from Lake
Superior to Olympia, on Puget's Sounds
entitled to over f0rty-eeven millions when
built, and in the proportion. Of the constrlc-
uon ofthe road. The Union Central road
has already constructed few miles s-sut1i-
Client to- entitle the company to forty Live
thousand acree. the title to which they now
sums up these grants of land In the subiofned
language:
"Those immense raflsoad grants by esti-
mate embrace the quantity Of one hundred
and twenty-five millions Of acres, exceeding
by eight millions Of acres the aggregate
among the States Of Mime, New Hampshire,
Vermont, Massachusetts,, Rhode Island, Con-
necticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylva-
mia, Delaware md Maryland. These enor-
nous grants arc within about fourth OF
being twice the united area Of England, Scot
Land, Wales, Ireland, Guernsey, sJcrseE, the
Isle Of Mar, and Islands OF the British seas,
and less than tenth of being equal to the I
French Empire proper, with its efghty-nine |
departments, md Its thirty-seven thousand |
five hundred md ten commnnes."