The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1866-11-20

0AY,o,.~.,NOVN kbEAs W. 100ss
g Fasmsrs convsnt ionsA Plain TAX
- g with them. e g
FAs Avmess nee. to-day In this city to
consider quessions relating to their pir-
ssists and general interests. They may %
aisle TO throw q good deal Of ligw upon
these matters; bat tits certain fha. ~.
brief experience since the suhlasssMSn,
the South has not been sufficient 20 eaau,e
them to determine very sasss'acs"y :r'
all points. z,a,v .H .g,,,.srxs
'N.Sy,as, ,th there is great deal 70 pe
.o;d ana Acme IN the way Of generalization
sfSSIs srs,lual progress towards the set
,,.a no,;ey which must ultimately DC ar
,;Ssd =. Il is plain tina. Virginia must
,,,.;ur,tely be all white: but time, and .
s,od deal Of IL, will be necessary to ac-
ccomplish this entire prevalence OF the
white race. Until then it Is not only int
rest, but duty so to arrange and systema-
the the labor Of freedmen as to make IL as
eficicat and contcnted as possible. The
mode Of management on farms must, for
esiciency, DO materially changed. There
must be diminution Of numbers to feed
and to superintend. Farmers do not thrive
by oyer-cropping in any respect, and espe-
cially in the labor that has to be fed and
watched. Gradually the system Of
neat and economical tillage of reduced
surfaces by fewer hands, with the concomi-
tant economy Of reduced establishments
In all departments, Of servants, horses,
stock Of all kinds, and even dogs, must be
adopted to insure thrift. The stables,
barns, store-houses, and offices must oil be
cempacted and brought under the imme-
diste eye of the farmer; the ways to them
all should be good and dry at all seasons
the agricultural implements, gearing, and
vehicles should be sheltered the stables
neat and dry; the mich cows also shell
tered, at all events for the milking-and
all for what? Why, to diminish the labor
and time, required for these matters, and
Of course the number Of persons necessa-
nv for them. Much Of the domestic ope-
Iations Of q farm so organized can be car
ried on by the farmers own family; and
whatever men may say, we have to come to
that. BY this compacting of buildings ne
cessary for the farm, the property placed
in them is safer. And this is time that
renders locks necessary, and requires the
yigilant watchfulness Of the household.
Your unlocked corn.cribs and smoke
houses are no more-they belong to the
past. That farmer who arranges all these
matters so as to require the least time and
labor in going the whole round of domestic
economy will be sure to get along cheap
est and best, and to be best protected
against loss from trespass or from neglect
and exposure. ' r. .t',sa@ . ...
The freedmen should be comfortably
provided for. No man should keep more
in his employment than he needs, and they
should be SO comfortable as to take away
the temptations to steal. They should be
comfortably lodged, and at sufficient
distance from the main edifice to preserve
respect, and with sufficient decency to en-
courage their own selErespect. Interest
and humanity alike dictate this. This is
the time when we must learnthe advantage
to grow out of keeping things and beings
on q farm in order and comfortable. Policy
should now take the form of reason and
common. sense as tho best guides to quiet,
order, and thrift Laborers well fed and
fairly paid--cattle few, and we'll kept
houses and shelters, not too large. neat
and in, good order-all sorts OF supplies
and all sorts Of implements carefully kept
and small surfaces well titled, is the code
for thrift and comfort. Its opposite leads
to disorder and rnin. This policy, always
good, is now Indispensable. Everybody
must get along well under this system, and
to this point it becomes every farmer to
exert every means to bring himself and all
under him. 1t cannot be done at once.
The old architecture and order Of arrange
ment on the farms stand at present in the
way. Subdivision and modification will
be- the work of time. But those men
who get over the difficulties and reach
the goal first, will be the first to enjoy the
beneHcent results of the change. Let them
remember that there is no property in me-
groes nova fact they all have learned by
this time, and that they cannot bring up
lee way in their finances by the increase Of
that sort of property and the occasional
sale Of servant to make up deficits.
That the freedman must be the laborer
in Virginia for years is plain and it is idle
for the farmer to pursue chimerical speeu-
lations as to the introduction of white la
Dor. That must come slowly, and it must
come in one broad breasted wave from the
Potomac. Il cannot be introduced in cir
cles in the midst Of the black population.
II cannot Withstand the contact. II is de-
moralized by association and rendered un-
reliable, or becomes discontented and de-
parts. It must come in this wave from the
North. And when we remember the. com
plete system by which the current of emf
grafton is directed to the great agricultural
fields of the Northwest, we cannot hope to
dwarf more than some very small rills To