, 1866-04-21

u wall rs tho Judges Of the Federal Courts.
and the President pzesidcs over this Fcdez.l
Council. The Legislative powe. Is vested In
the Congress- OF Federal Assembly, which con-
sistA of 'he House Of Representatives (Natioual
Couucil), composed Of about one hundred and
twenty members, elected on the scale Of Que
member to each q, ,ooo inhabitants, and ofthe
Senate (statc's Council or Sandezats), consist
Ing Of forty-four members, each canton elect
ing two members, and half cantons one MEM
ber for each of its two divisions Every citi-
zen who is twenty years Of age has the right
OF voting and is eligible. and 80 Ii every na-
tuEalized citizen after fire yeara' citizen
ship.
. The Rounn Catholics number one million.
The P1otestants {chiedy Of the Reformed
Church one million and half; and the Jews
cnly about four thousand. But notwithatand-
Ing the numerical strength Of Papists, their po-
lltical power has been broken by the defeat
of the Sonder6saad, and Jesuits are excluded
from switzeTland by IN express provision Of
the federal constitution. There are upwards
ot Ave thousand public schools mainly sup
ported BY the community. There arc, more
over, special schools funds, and moderats ap-
propriations made BY ;, the State or.
Cantorial Governments. Tue three
federal universities at Basel, Bern and
Zurich; the two academies at Geneva
and Lausanne md the new poly gtechnic school
at Zurich, arc all under Protestant control,
while all eight lyccums of the country, except
ing that of schaffharsen, ore Roman Catholic
institutlons. There are, moreover, superior
colleges In every Canton, aud admirable pri.
vase institutions after The model Of those Of
Pestalozzi md Fellenberg. Indeed, some of
the best teachers In foreign countries hail
from Switzerland.
THIS Republic, which presenta 10 many
analogies with the Unfted States, politically
and educationally, has also, like this
country, its peculiar social idiosyncra-
| c,es, which clash occasionally, with
the Folitical TOM Of the Government.
| The rich manufacturers Of ST. Gall, Basel and
Zurich and other towns, form species OF
fnsncin1 ellgazchy which generally sides with
| fetrogressiop. We had recently occasion 10
animad1ert upon prominent organ OF this
class Of people, which was deeply enauored
with the rebels in the late war, and Is al
present equally in love with Andrew johnson
and his partisans. The opulent patricfanS OF
fer. and the coneelt of many OF these moneyed
o,sraeea finds tts counternart In the AFRO
gahce Of some Of the peasantry, the most IL
llterAte clnsses OF the community eScr gravtta'
In society continuity. while the rulidE classes
Again. VIC find the land ofter in leudallsm
rich in sterling patriots. also pilnan Tell, &c
affect merecnariea, 1t the Other eplen>s p
socIa1 line. and the late Captain 1nds
bis prototypes In the Swiss mercenaries en-
ployed by the Pope as his body.guard, who
are lust now commanding a high
price for enlistment 10 the armies
Of the Pope and Ma1imilian.
The Swiss, like the American Republic. has
to contend with rencgades Of all kinds. Not
= few Of those who hare talent enough tu
make money in manufactures or in commerce
join The rctrogressise parties IS they accu-
muiate wealth, while those who have no
| talent for such honorable pursuits, sell them
selves rs soldiers to the highest bidder, at
Rome, Mexico, or AndcrsonFllle. The naasset
OF The people are, however, sound TO the
core in Switzerland, as In the United States,
aud are sure TO triumph IN the fnture, as they
have in the past, over all antasonistic Gle.
ments Of civilization.
| Switzerland Ii not ONLY great as 3 mnnnfac-
| turing, but also rs commercial country.
| Many Of the distinguished merchants Of Lon.
dop-as Dernux, Border, FRbris, Don't, &C.,
are Swiss; and Indeed accomplished Swiss
merchants abound In almost every part oi
| The world. An effort bas also been lately
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