, 1866-01-26

q, wherever found, aud SO aust have establiihrd
change Of suffrage in the northern, middle ant
western states, not less than 10 the southern ant
! southwestern Such an Sctwould have created
/ new class OF voters, aud would have been al
t assumption Of fyppwsF by the President which
nothing ia the Constitution or laws of DE United
States wohld have warranted. .-lA.s ''A .''
u. On the other hand every danger Of conflict /.
avoided when the settlement of the Quesgs on ID
referred to the several States, They can. each
Rfor itself decide on the measure, and whether i
to be adopted at once and a6soistdy. or IN.
Fed1eed gradually with conditions. d / o. IN ]
Judgment the freedmen, II they show patienet
and manly virtues, win sooner obtain pafticb
patton in the elective franchise through the
States than through the general gov eTnmsut l.
even if it had power to intervene, When the
tumult of emotions that have been raised by the
suddenuess of the social change shall have sub.
sided, it may prove that they will receive the
kindliest usage from some Of those on whom
they have heretofore most closely depended,
.... Negro Suffrage. ...I
But while have no doubt that now, after the
close Of the war, It is not competent for the Gen
eral Government to extend the elective franchise
10 the several States it is equally clear tb good
| faith reqbires the security of the freedmen in
their liberty and their property, their right to
labor, and their right to claim the just return Of
tbeie laber. r'-. oH r-..r .i Hi..r .H.. L.I
cannot toe strougly urge dlspassonats treat
| meEt of this subject which should be carefully
kept aloof from all party strife. We must equal
! ly avoid hasty assumptions Of any natural i'm :
| possibility for the two races to live side by side
/ in state OF mutual benefit and good will The
! experiment involves US in no inconsistency, let
US then 60 on aud make that experimental good
faith and not be too easily dishearteued The
country is in need Of labor, Ghd the freedmen are
/ In need of employment, culture and protection.
| While their right OF voluntary emigration and
expabrlStiOu is not to be questioned would not
advise their forced removal and colonization.
Let 1s rather encourage them to honorable and
useful Industry, where it may be beneficial to
themselves and to the country; and instead Of
hasty auticipaGons of the certainty of faiIureI lot
there be nothing wanting to the fair trial of the
| experiment The change in their condition is
the substitution Of labor by contract for the stat
us Of slavery. The freedman cannot be fairly
accused Of unwilhugness to work, so long ms a
doubt remains about his freedom of choice in his
pursuits, and the certainty Of his recovering his
stipulated wages. Ia this the Interest of the en-
ployer and employed coincide, The emyIoysrV
desires ia bis workman sPirit. and alarcriy, aud
these can be permanently secured in no 9TH
er way. And if one ougth 10 be able 10 enforce
!hescORtrRct, so ought, the oJber The, public
interest will be best promoted. if the, several
States will provide adequate projection and rem.
edies for the fteedmen. Until this IS ID someway
accomplished, therais - sLAr:e for-ihRl adpan.
tageous ----C ,.eir labor aud Ihe blame Vf AZ
success will not rest them.
Know that sincere philanthropy is earnest for
the immediate realization of its remotest aims;
but time isalways an clemeut in IetSrm. 1t is
one Of the greatest acts record TO bsye
brought four millions of people into freedom.
The career oftree Industry must be tIirly yopened
to them; and then there future prosperity and
condition mast. after ALL rest mainly with them
selves. Ifthey fail, and 50 perish away, let Us
be careful that the failure shall not be Attributa
bic to any denial of justice In all that relates
to the destiny Of the freedmen, we need not be
too anxious to read the fAture; many incidents
which, from a speculative point of view, might
raise alarm, will quietly settle themselves, \
Free Labor in the South. ,..f.-.'. =.
Now that slavery is at an end, or near its rad,
the greatness OF its evil, IN the point of view Of
public economy becomes more and HioreaPPar'
rent Slavery was essentially a, monopoly of
labor, and as such locked the States where Il
prevailed against the incoming Of free industry.
Where labor was the property of the capitalist
the white man was excluded from suPiOymenti
and the foreign emigrant turned away from the |
region where his condition would be SO precari
Gus. With the destruction Of the monopoly, free
labor will hasten from all parts Of the civilized
world, to assist in developing, various, and I'M
dormant. The e. ,ht or nine States nearest the
Gulf Of Mexico, have a soil of exuberGat fertityS
a climate friendly to long life aud can sustaip "
deuser population than is found as yet in any |
part of our country. And the future ihhdx Or
population to them will be mainly from the north n
or from the most cultivated nations Of Europe. 4
From the late sufferings that have attended them
during our late struggle LET us look away to the
futurel which is sure to be lSden1f6f them with
greater prosperity than has ever before been I
known. The removal OF the monopoly of slave
labor is pledge that those regions will be peo-
pied by numerous and enterprisihg population,
which will vie With any in the Union ing Com |
pactness, inventive genius, wealth and dindustry.
Our Government springs from and was made !
for the people-not the people for the Govern
ment To them it owes allegiaucss from thenli
it must deriyeiits courage, strength an wisdom,
But while the Government is thus bound to defer
to the people, from whom it derives IFS existence,
it should, from the very consideration OF its orr
gin, be strong in its power ofyresistance to, the
establishment Of Inequalities. MonopoHes, per- |
petuties, and class legislation are contrary to |
the genius of Government and ought not to be
allowed. Here, there is no room for favored |
classes or honopolies, the principle of our Cow
ernmeut is that of equal laws and freedom of in
dustry. Wherever monopoly 9ttsins foothold, 1
it is sure to be a source Of danger, discord and !
tr1uble We shall but fulflioar duties aS'legis-
at0rS py acCOfQlnB 'eqlFil auu SASs yuShlSS .tSll
all men, special privileges to none, The Gov |
ernment is Subordinate to the PedPlei but as
the agent and representative frthe peoples 10
must be held superior TO- mOnOpOhesiC which ia !
themselves, oughtnsFer to be granted, Snd Yhich.
where they exist, must be subordinate andyield |
to the Government. '''" '''- "''
Commerce.
The Constitution confers on Cougress The right |
to regulate commerce among the several States /
1t is Of the first necessity, for the maintenance
Of the Union, that commerce shouldzbe tres and, !
unobstructed. No State cap be iqstlhed 70 gHpy
device to tax the transit OF travel and e2mmf5ee
between States The position Of many 3 tatesi IS
such that if they we're allowed 70 take adEa1tageo
Of it for the purpose 8f lpcal FsyeAlus, tbe Son
merce between the States might be seriously pggT,
deued, or even virtually prohibited. 1t is best
while the country Is stdl youn{i aud whiis
the tsudehcy to dangerous monoPolie5 ot this
kind is still feeble 10 5uss the power Of eone1ssg
so as to prevent any impedmept 70 the free ere97
lation of men and merchsndises A ts4 81 EI1A5yei
and merchandise, in III cir transit, 9ne Z
ofthe worst forms of uonopoly and the eYu Is.