The Ebensburg Alleghanian. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1865-1871, 1866-05-17
reconstruction.
SPEECH OF HON. GLENN W. SCOFIELD,
OF PENNSYLVANIA, IN THE HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES,, WASH
INGTON, APRIL 2sth, 1866.

INGTON, APRIL 2sth, 1896
The House, as in Committee of the Whole
on the State of the Union, having under con-
sideraticn the Presidents annual message
Mr.. SCOFIELD said
Mr.. SPEAKER: Wha. is the whole
amount of disloyal population in the
southern States I do not include in
this inquiry persons who have been stig-
matized as "sympathizers" or cooper
heads" much less than any other portion
Of the Democratic party, but only those
who sought to divide the country into two
republics and who low regret the failure
of their enterprise. The whole amount
Of white population in the eleven coBfed-
crate States is 5,O97, ,524. Deducting
from this amount the estimated number
of loyal people in those States, and adding
the disloyal scattered through the other
FIVE slave States, will give the answer to
my question. Making this deduction and
addition from the most reliable data with
in my reach, l conclude that the disloyal
population in the whole South will not
exceed, if indeed it will equal, FIVE million
in all.
If the eleven confederate States were
readmitted now (the Constitution and
laws remaining unanended) what amount
of representation in Congress and the
Electoral College would this five million
be entitled to claim They would GER
tainiy have these eleven States There
could hardly be doubt about Kentucky.
For if the loyal men of that State, sus-
tanned by the power of the Federal Army
and the persuasion Of Federal patronage,
with the young disunionists absent in the
South and the old ones disfrancaised at
home, could scarcely hold their own,
what could we expect them to do when
these young men have returned, the dis
franchising laws have been swept away,
the Army removed or palsied by orders,
This would give them twenty-four Sena-
tors. There are tour more States that
belonged to the slaveholding class, Della
ware, Maryland, West Virginia, and Mis-
souri,. Is it any stretch of probabilities
to suppose that two more Senators will be
picked up somewhere in these four States
by the confederate element? fear there
will be more. This will give them twen-
ty-six Senators.
ln the House of Representatives this
population will have as large, if not larger,
proportionate represeu utation. BY the ap-
portionment of 1861, fifty-eight Represen-
tatives we're assigned to the eleven con-
federate States. These States will be SO
cistricted by the hostile sentiment of tkei,
several Legislatures that not one true
Union man can be elected. To the other
FIVE slaveholding States twenty-six were
assigned by the act of 1861. If any one
will take the trouble 20 look over these dis
tricts, think he will come to the conclu-
sion that even If the laws disfrauchising
rebels in Maryland, West Virginia, and
Missouri remain in force, not less than
half of these will be controlled by the in
fiuence and votes of the late secessionists
This gives them seventy-one Representa-
tives in the House. But even this large
number must soon be increased. The
two-6fths of the four million freedmen
which were not counted in the represen-
tatlve basis OF the last census must be
counted in the census of 1870, and (other
things remaining the same) add to that
number thirteen members more /; so that
the FIVE million disloyal population, as
soon as their full power can be felt thro'
the elections, will have at least twenty-six
Senators and eighty-four Representatives
and one hundred and ten votes in the
Electoral College. This is a low calcula-
ton. When we consider the earnestness,
or rather should say the fierceness of
these people, the ability, ambition, and
courage of their leaders, we may we'll ap-
prehend that the number will be even
greater. But this number is their own
legitimate and certain under the laws as
they stand. Supposing the entire popu-
lation of the United States to be thirty
FIVE million now, this FIVE million will be
just one-seventh of the whole, but will
have more than one-third the representa-
ton in both Houses of Congress, and
more than one-third of the Electoral Col
lege. The same amount of loyal popula-
tion at the North is represented by only
about half that number. If by factions
or party division among the loyalists of
the country, they would contrive to secure
one-sixth more of the representation, they
would have majority of the hole, and
be able to control Federal legislation,
elect the President, and distribute his pat
ronage.
When these States are admitted and
these people come to have the unabridged
control of this twofold representation, how
will they desire to use it? / do not in
quire how they possibly may use it, nor
even now how they expect or intend tou
it, but how, if unrestrained by united
North, it would be their interest and de-
sire to use it. For the perpetuation Of
the Union? I fear not. They have
1880 booL, 80 tbo TIn;oo ~ro SbouJd 90