The Daily empire. (Dayton, Ohio) 1865-1867, 1866-12-04

TlAtN -HtN'W lllNNs int ipugin Oi
steamboat routes is fourteen thou-
sand three huudrcd aud forty-six
miles, and the annual transportation 31l1.-
G2 miles. The mail service is rapidlv in
crCa-iug throughout ihc whole country.
and its steady extension In the Southern
states indicates thcircunslnutly improving
condition. The growing Importance Of the
foreign service also merits attention. The
PosiOilicc Department of Great Britain and
our own have agreed upon u preliminary
basis for new Postal Conventions which
it Is believed will prove cmincntly bcnefi-
lJl Co the commercial Interests of the
l1ied states. inaSmuch 1s it cOntcmplates
urtion of the international letter post
H' % nue-hali the eNisting rates: re-
durtiun of postage with all other countries
TO and from which correspo spondence Is trans
mittcd in the British mail. or inclosed
mails through the United Kingdom; the
establishment of uniform and reasonable
charges for the sea and territorial transit
I OF correspondence in closed mails: and an
I allowance 60 each Postohicc Department of
the right to Use all mail communications
established under the authority of the
other for thc dispatch Of correspondence.
either iu open or closed mails. on the s7me
terms az those applicable 60 the inhnhteuts
of the country providing the means OF
trau7p 7pOrtation.
IAc'rcporr OF the Secretary of ihe Int
/ rior exhibits the condition of those branch
cs of the public gervice which are commit
/ ted to Dis supervision. During the last lies
/ cal year iuur million siy hundred aud
/ twenty -uiav thousand three hundred aud
} 'WclYc Hcres Oi public land were disposed
ui one million eight huudrcd and ninety
, two thousand live hundred and sixteen
acres OF Wiiicir were entered under the
homestead act Ihc policy originally adop-
/ ted relative 20 tlr public lands has UNDER
gone essential notifications. Immediate
rtYcuue, and uut thcir rapid settlement,
/ WAS thr cardinal feature ofou laud sys tem.
/ Long experience and earnest discussion
hJrc resulted 600 the conviction that the
early development of our agricultural re-
iour,cs 1ud tho diffusion OF an energetic
/ population over our vast territory, are oh
/ l''t' of fur greater Importance 10 The ma
/ tiunal growth and pro pcrity than the pro-
cecds of llc sale of the land to the highest
I bidder in open market. The presumption
laws confer upon the piourrr who complies
with tie terms they impose the privilege
Of purcha.inga limited portion of "unoiicr-
ed lands at the minimum price. The home
stead enactment. relieve the settler from
the payment of purchase money, and So
cure him permanent home. upou thrcon-
diti0u of residence Tor term OF years.
This liberal policy invites emigration from
the old. and from the more crowded por-
/
suits are undouhted. and will be- more sig
Inllly manifested when Time shall have
given TO il "a wider development.
Congress has made liberal grants Of pub
lie lands to corporations. In aid of the con-
lsttuction Of railroads aud other internal i'm
pruvemeut-. Should this policy hereafter
prevail. more stringent provisions will be
required to -crUrc q faithful application of
the fund. The title To the lands should not
pass. by patent or otherwise, but remain In
the Government and subject to its control
until some portion of the road has been
actually built. Portions of them might
then. from time to time. be conveyed To the
corporation. bat never in Il greater ratio to
thc whole quantity embraced by the grant
than the completed parts bear to the entire
length of the projected improvement. This
rest lie ion would not operate to The prrju-
oticc of any undertaking conceived in good
faith and executed With reasonable energy.
Us It is the settled practice 10 Withdraw
from market the lands falling within the
ol'eration OF such grants, anti thls to oN-
ciudc tl!c inception of ~ subsequent adverse
right. A breach OF the conditions which
Congress may deem proper TO impose.
should work - forfeiture of claim to Tho
| lands so withdrawn but tmcoNcycd aud ol
| tide To the lands conveyed " liyh remain
| msOld.
Operations on the several Ijia of the
| Pacific Railroad have been srn>ccit,rd with
uueNanpled yigor and success. Should no
unforeseen causes of delay occur. it Is conf
| dcntly anticipated thai this great thor
! loughtarc will De completed before the cN-
/ piration of the period designated by Con-
| "rtAss.
During the last fiscal year the amount
| paid to pensioners. including the expenses
| q disbursement. was Sl3. l59,99G and So
i%' name, were added TO the pension rolls.
! The entire number of pensioners. June 30,
I 1866. was l2G,122. This fact furnishes mel
} Incholy and striking proof oi the aacri-
cts made to Niudicatc the constitutional
authority of the Federal Government. and
[ maintain inNiOlate the integrity Oi the
| Union. They impose HpOn Us correspond
| ing obligations. Il Is estimated that $33,-
OCNUUj viii hcrcquirrd to mert The cXigell-
| cies uf fhis branch of the scrN ice luring
| the next fiscal year.
! Yrcatirs have been concluded with the
| lnlans who, cnticcd into armed opposi-
Iion To oar Government al the outbreal, OF
! th' rebellion. have Internationally sub
lnit,ed 10 oar authority and manifested an
| earnest drs irr'tura renewal of friendly re-
| lationg.
| During the year ending september 30
, 1856. S,7l6 patents for nsriul inVeutiOns and
designs were issued aud Al that date Tho
| b;laurr in the Treasury to thr credit of tho
Patent fund WAS S22S4p7
| As - subject upon which depends an inn
mrnSe amount OF the production and com
mercc of the country. | recommend 70
! Congress such legislation rs may be neces-
sary for the preservation OF the levecs o
Tie Mississippi River. II is ~ natter o
nsTtiouHl importance that early steps should
! he ta,ru not only "a add 30 the g iicicncy
OF these barriers against destructive mum
| dations, brlt for the removal of all OBJ
sttuctiOns to the free aud safe navigation
Of That great channel OF trade and com
IN arce.
The District of Columbia. under existing
laws. Is not entitled Ia that Representations
| in the National Councils which, from oui
earliest history, has been uniformly ac.
go r,hrd tu each Territory established from
! tiruc To- time within our limits. II main.
t.'u~ peculiar relations 90 Congress tC
" Wnom The Constitution has granted tho
power of rNer ising exclusive LEGISLATION
oyer ,hr s"nl ut Government, Our fellow.
ci tilrus residing IL the District whose in.
! tr)CHi~ ar' thus rouiidod tu luc apcria
| g pHrdim-lip of Congress exceed in mum.
! b .l th" population OF several of oar Terri
tu I'ieg and mo- just rcHann ! perceived why
a delegate OF fh,ir choice should not hl
atmIrlcd tu seat in the House of Repre-
st g,'atNe5. Nnmode seems so appropriate,
a. ld ttretnal uf enabling them to MAXI
n 6ooE t!ieir peruliar condition and wants