East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1866-03-21

protection of those in attendance 1a,a a9 r0. M
By the the Commissioner with his staff of interpreters
and had arrived Mr. Campau and his
employees had constructed the Council House 1t spacious
and commodou extending several hundred feet along the bank
the river few shore of the requisite
width accommodate the large number of natives who
expected present Situated nearly midway between the
present site of the Webster House and the river the slight
ridge second rise from the Shore position commanding
and pleasant, ~ 'i -iso.ra.sa "a
Trees conveniently situated furnished the columns Of the
Council Hail. and boughs nteaoed above made the roof The
sides and ends open 1t of order Of architecture
recognized by Ruskn Downing Upjohn any professional
writer upon that branch of science 1t doubtless nearly
assmated that Temple described by the Great Poet Bryant
Of in the opening Of his Forest Hymn of the finest
of all his fine poems f a
To pSs ss esS.ss S. $ ns and s a., s ss lss. P ere man learned
S1aiiS back -'' 10
platform made of logs faced evened by the axe elevated
about foot above the ground broad enough
date upon rustic benches Commissioner Cass and the other
officials occupied the central portion of the Council Room
Huge logs their native rougness had been rolled in upon
the other space be used by the native lords of the soil
when in solemn council The bordering dotted with
temporary wgwams hastily and rudely constructed by the
for accommodation themselves and families during
the pendency of the negotiation. II, I'd = .l~. stl-
Among other preparations temporary but additions
his trading house had been made by Mr. Campau sufficiently
spacious make good sized dining for the large number
officials present. and comfortable quarters for the Commissioner
The number Of Indians present the time of his arrival
large expected Messengers
among the different bands living quite remote from
place of holding Council notify of the proposed
treaty. and others out for like purpose after the fact
became appaen that localities properly repre-
sented lal - It aa'. io ttJy gj ne tui.ll,,9a ~.
The number present upon the treaty ground the day when
the third which the fullest Council that held has been
varou estimated from thousand five hundred four thou
sand They mainly Chppewas, but not ALL There were
present Oawas of pure and mixed blood and although
State papers the parties the treaty spoken of the
United States the side and the Chippewa nation the
other there the of Chiefs and headmen affixed the
treaty who of Ottawa descent. hG. fiip
There three regular Councils audiences held during
twelve days that the negotiations pending AT
such formal Councils the chiefs warriors
only called and admitted into the Council Hall, although
the sides being and the opportunity for hearing and seeing
unmpeded the Indian and their children gathered
md groups close by They silent but by means dis
spectators the negotiations proceeding within
which involved less than full and final surrender Of the
burial places fathers the ancient hunting grounds of
their people, the fair and beautiful heritage of forest and
ground lake and river
through Henry whtmoro Knagg experienced and
highly respected Indian Traders and interpreters
peten object of his Journey from Detroit and the general
purposes of Government He endeavored impress upon
them paerna regard which their Great Father Washing
had for their welfare and the nope that the peaceful relations
which had existed between them the close Of the should
be rendered perpetual He reminded them of their condition
people, the swelling of the of civilization toward their
hunting grounds the growing scarcity of the Importance
and necessity Of turning their attention to agriculture and
nqusn the uncertain mode of living by the chase
and the better condition they would ultimately be confning
themselves to reservations ample for the purposes Of agriculture
to be provided for them by the proposed treaty and the session
of the residue Of the teor then occupied by those who
there represented upon suc and guarantees their
diton required, including therein stipulated annuites.
He answered by their chief speakers with gravity and
eoquonce peculiar to Indian Councils
Three Chiefs of high pue acted speakers for the Indians
for years after the treaty. and known
of the earlier settlers in the regon Their
pronounced by early traders and pioneers differ
emily and found in documents with different ortbogaphy
but as they appear the foot Of the treaty they Msene
e-que Ike ke-to and also the first Council
h-kaw-ko. e4 'l -4' hi3
At the subsequent Councils the latter not present except
at last and then merely ax his token the treaty after
1t had been engrossed for execution He had put himself
condition the close Of the first day by dnkng and remained
quite unpresentabe speaker for the residue of the
time. q ~ f'.tIl l1et iah n ,9fi eie sa,eeri
He was an Indian of violent temper and in the excitement
liquor reckless in the commission of outrage. Subsequent
the treaty. after many of violence he arrested
died in prison at Detroit. "a
He less dangerous his wgwam quietly drunk than il
the Council Room toleraby sober. Csc 1I
The chief speaker opposed the proposition
made by Commissioner Oass with Indignation. His speech al
remembered by persons still surviving who interested
listeners model of Indian eloquence He then qu
young twenty-five years of age above the
height and in his bearing graceful and handsome although
the years his life he often intoxicated he