The Richmond palladium., 1866-02-22

under tie admsaistrs ton Of the second Adams
ths presence ofassnis IN every parish ana S
IS - he considered a measure. cPPfs toi o
resistance might be provoked, 20 maj s gre e.
feet saer Jurisdiction troops would taFe 70 * sIs
touei within reach OF every one Of thsra and taes
large standing force be rendered necessary iAfse
appropriations would, therefore, be required 70
and enforce military jurisdiction n every county and
parish from the Potomac u the kto ofaEde- x Ch
ai,on of fiscal affairs Is encouraging et IN "'osE
70 sustain the present measure o! Paee eeaiiee. i
l. practice not merely c9siethrY esS9
nav, but 50 far possible severe retFenehHaeat. -,
In addition s5e objections already STATE &c hta
section the bill proposes 70 take away tsEa ifc II
former owners without any legal proceedings beng
frst had contrary that provision q the t.hs.l'l
which declares that no persons snail e -
Of e liberty property, without the process o. ia7
Ii does uot appear land. 10 which thIs sec'1oa
refers. NAV lie owned by minors, or persons "I
unsauu3 mind. by those ho have beeen tattha %
all their obligations as citizens the United states
I. any portion o. land s beid b. s;ch personSh
i not competent TOR any authority 20 GeItte @ i-e
cf Il. II, on the other hand, Il be found ta' tae
ertF liable conhsc4ton- even then, II cannot ee
appropriated public purposes, until oF due process
OF law II shall have been declared forfeited oE 'he
There are still further objections to the bill. on
ground. seriouslv affecting the class Of persons 70
whom il was designed TO bring relief Il will tend TO
keep the mind the freedman IN state q uncertain
expectation and restlessness, while 10 those among
whcrn he lives, il will be source OF constant ana
vague apprehension. { Undoubtedly the free men
so4ld be rutected, bus they should be protected by
the civil authorities. especially by the exsrclse OF all
the Constitutional powers OF the courts Inc oh'eu
States and the States His condition IS not expos
ed imagined. lie Is IN q portion CT
the country where his labor cannot well be spared
Competition fer his services from planters, from those
WHO constructing repairing railroads, or from
capitalists IN his vicinity or from other states W
enable him to command almost his own terms. be
also possesses perfect right 10 change his place Of
shoda api II errfore he doe. not find in one
nifty State mode OF life suited to his desires, or
proper remuneration for his services he can move to
another, where labor IS more esteemed and eetter re-
warded. In truth, however, each state induced by
its and interests, VIII do what Is necessary
and proper obtain within It's borders all the labor
that needed for the Development Of its resources
The laws that regulate supply ami dem md VIII mani
their force, aud the wages OF the iaborer VIII be
regulated thereby. There is no danger that the great
demand for labor will not operate IN favor OF the Ia
borer, neither is sufficient consideration given to the
ability of the freedmen TO protect and take sare of
themselves. 1t than Justice to them 10 be-
leye, that they have received their freedom with
mode ton and orbearance, they will distinguish
themselves bv their industry and they will feel and
soon show the world that in condition of freedom,
thev self sustaining and capable of selecting their
employment and their own places OF abode OF
insisting for themselves proper remuneration. and
of establishing and maintaining their own asyiums
and schools. 1t IS earnestly hoped that instead OF
wasting away, they will, by their efforts, estsh~
sn for themselves condition of respectablilty and
prosperity. 1t certain they attain to that con-
dition only through their merits and exertions
In this connection the query presents
itself whether the system proposed by
the bill will not when put into complete
operation, practically transfer the entire
care, support and control of four mil
overseers or taskmasters, who appointed
at W Washington, are to be located in eve
ry county and parish throughout the
United States containing freedmen and
refugees. such a system would inevitably
tend to such concentration of power
in the Executive, which would enable it,
if so disposed, to control the action of 4
numerous class, and use them for the at
tainment of his own political ends
| cannot but add another very grave
objection to this bill. The Constitution
imperatively declares in connection with
taxation, that each State shall have at
least one representative, and fixes the
rule for the number to which ii future
times each State shall be entitle 1t al
so provides that the Senate of the Uni
ted States shall be composed oftwo SEN
ators from each State, and adds, with
peculiar force, that no State, without its
consent, shall t.e-aeprived of its suffrage
in the Senate The original set was
necessarily passed in the absence of the
States chiefly interested, because their
people were then contumaciously en-
gagged in the rebellion. Now the case
is changed, and some at least of the
States are attending Congress by loyal
Representatives, soliciting the allowance
of the constitutional right of represen-
tation. At the time, however, of the
consideration and passing of the bill,
there was no Senator or r preventative
in Congress from the eleven States which
are to be mainly affected by its pro
visions. The very fact that reports
were and are made against the good dis
position Of the country, is an additional
reason why they need and should have
Representatives of their own in Congress
to explain their condition, and assist by
their local knowledge in the perfeeting
of measures Immediately affecting them
selves, while the liberty of deiberation,
would then be free, and Congress would
have full power to decide according to its
judgment. There could be no objection
urged that the States most interested
had not been permitted to be heard The
principle is firmly fixed in the minds of
the American people that there could be
no taxation without representation
Great burdens are now to he borne by
all the country, and We may best de
mand that they shall be borne without
= murmur when they are voted bv
majority of the Representatives of all
the people. l would not interfere with
the unquestiOnable right of Congress to
Judge, each house for itself, of the cleo
ton. returns and qualifications of IFS
own members: but that authority can
not be construed as including the right
to put out in time of peace any State
from the representation to which it is
entitled by the Constitution At pres
ent, all the people of the eleven States
are excluded-those who were most
faithful during the war not less than
others. The State of Tennessee, for in
stance. whose authorities were engaged
in the rebellion, was restored to all con
stitutional relations to the Union. by the
patriotism and energy of her injured and
betrayed people. Before the war was
brought to a termination. they had plac-
ed themselves in relations with the Gen
eral Government, had established State
Government OF their own As they
were not included in the emancipation
nroclamation they BIZ their own ats