The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-03-23

Transformed from enforced laborers into paid work.
men, and are working to-day for wages This I'M
possible thing Tins mountain Of difiiculty-has all
been moved out of the way so quietly, that we
scarcely think what has taken place as silently the
night Slips INTO the day and men hear no friction
feel jar; so these have come out from the
sate on unpaid andlunwilngla laborers into'he cond-
on OF paid laborers for wages and are DONG their
AFFIRM as part of this bill of liberty that they
are TO have iohis OF property just tho same Rant
TO earn 1t that you have; just the same manoer of
owning 1t that YOU have; Just the same pover of
conveying II that you have just the same pOwer TO
btqueath II that you have he! are TO be raised up
INTO all the ughts and immuniles of pronertY as
t cIasses of % he land Then hev are 10
have likewise their civil TPhts-ono imiual law
not a cooe for blacks and code for whites; his
country despses class legislation. Class leRisat0n,-
unjust always and odIous now here Is just as unjust
and should be just as odious IN The south as in The
North; one crime whether committed by black or
white. Murder is as muTdeIous az white mans
hands as az a black mems hands. THEFT is no more
theft If a man mdntghC on his face than II
he carried the morning on his brow. And as with
regard to the criminal law, there to be one court
Of az ud cation, and equal rights in that court for
all uIon the ground tnat TO manhood belongs the
law and that courts are for Its protection; ana they
are TO have the right OF appearing. OF pleading and
being impeaded, of bearing witness and being
witnessed against just as any other Tree man IN the
Then lastly, they are to have the right OF suffrage
mot merely because 1t best TO give It, but suffrage
Is the loglral sequence Of emancipation. There are
two doctrines OF sutiraRe one tnat 1T is boon or
pIerogaive conferred by society. That is the old
monarchical doctrine whitfield down small. Ii is
essential cement IN monarchy yet. Ihereis but one
hood and that every man that is born is born TO suf
traPe and no to suffering alone. ! claim suffrage
fol the black man simply because he Is a man, and
en- that ground only claim 1t tor every man; not
q boon given TO him, marx you, but as an inherent
rPht because we have taken the doctrine that every
man has q natural rignt TO liberty Now, IN our age,
IN our country, and under institutions is
possible Tor man TO have liberty unless he has all
that indispensable to liberty, by which 1t secured
and o. Grated
If mar says I have right to my ear, then have
TA, -. aaT sI,a
which the ear IS nothing Ii have a natural right
to my eve, then have ural right TO tnat with
out which my eye would be oil no account a natu'
raj right owns its instruments; and when you say a
man has a right to his liberty, under our Govern.
ment IN our nation ana in this age of the world, he
has with that natural Tight AID as q part OF IT,
right to all those Instruments that are indispensable
TO the acquiring and executing of 1t. Now 1t there
be one thing that stauds plainer than another, It
seems to n that it is that man mas o right to
voice in the policies, in the laws, IN the LEGISLATION
that is to determine his character, his place, bis
family, his condition, his reputation, and his pro-
peTty. 1t is monstIous to say that man is free
when everything that is dearest TO him may oe leRls
and influence IN 1t am, Il eretore, not only for
impartial suffrage-that Is better than nothing, but
it is not the true Grtunu-but am Tor universal
MIR echer adverted to the necessity of allowing
foreigners 10 vote, and was content to leave the
question of women voting TO women He then con-
tinued -
This then, is what understand to be this full bill
OF righte, guaranteed now by the proclamation of
the people of the United States through their late
maTtyred President, and solemnly railfied in the
amendment to the Constitution of the United States
which IS of the great events of the Gay in which
we i've. 1he question will naturally arse IN your
minds, how shall these rights pc secured? FIRST by
constitutional amendments. Our most excellent
President has fears lest we should make too many
amendments IN that immortal instrument, the Con-
stItutIon OF the United States. 1 am not afraid of
100 much, hut oi too often. 1t is not dangerous
when you begin TO amend 1t that you should amend
II IN every POM in which it is deficient or weak.
The Constitution may be compared TO patient
living SURGEONS table, who finds il needful
open HIM in the vlsceral region to extract ailng
parts to iniuse medicinal Qualities; but when he
is open do all you want to do Tor his lifetime Don't
put him there every year. And now that the Con-
shtution the United States undergoing surgi.
cal operation don't Jet us have to cut again IN your
lifetime, nor in our chlldrens lifetime, There is
simple principe that think will meet tue accept
ance, upon the statement, of every man-whatever
was put INTO the Constitution of the United States
TOR the sake Of slavery must come out OF now that
GOD has exercised slavery.
has been, dec aring liberty to be the law of this
land, We ought, then, as necessary LOGICAL
seqeence, 10 amend the basis of representation,
which was notoriOusly made on account OF slavery,
and different and unequal in the North and in the
South. And since citizenship is one and the same
where liberty is universal, the declaration OF one
citizenship without regard to nationality, without
regard TO class or complexion should he compo.
nent part OF the Constitution of the United States.
These rights are, first, then TO be guaranteed by
amending the organic law OF the land; secondly,we
TO guarantee these rights to every man by eff
cent legislation. a part of that has taken place.
Other parts OF needtUl legislation are now under
cOpsIdeIatlOn OF the supreme court OF the lands
These rights are to be secured, thildly, by the
great laws oil self interest, and / confess look to
the great natural laws OF God in human affairs
chiefly not that there is no work for leg station;
no wOIk for voluntary Christian charity and muntl-
cence; but that, as man is made the great laws of
political economy, the great law of labor supply
and demand-that works unconsciously, makes men
work Willingly and teaches them justice through
The porIa of selfshness; these laws, think, are
likely to compose the difficulties between masters
and their late servants faster than almost anything
else The South cannot resuscI ate without cotton.
They cannot have cotton without negroes. They
cannot have negroes without treating them justly.
by the freedmen than for five Congresses, though
high respect Congresses. You are to remember
that negro labor has greatly diminished, untortu.
natelY in IaIt by death. We have no statistical
record but have q strong impression from reports
made TO me that III another year t will be found
that more than fourth part OF this active laboring
force OF the late slaves has been destroyed.
Because the planters don't make a great deal of
money, bad for the State, bad Tor the community,
gs od Tor q small class. Slavery and cotton made
few men enormously rich beyond all estimate in the
South; but II made several persons lower IN cvlIza
hOn, IN religion, in political economy, and in actual
money! but now, on the overthrow of slavery, these
few growers OF cotton, who before were raising two
hundred or three hundred bales, would raise five
hundred. here is q large class in the community
who are tor aking use of black labor. The owners
son will be seen working in the field with the black
man, as was brought up in the field with the black
man. 1t is not despcabe for q white free-bOrn boy
TO work with black boy, The time Is coming when
with cotton raising black labor will go up, and per-
sons who had been giving twelve dollars, will tnen
give twenty dollars and some will probably give
twenty five dollars, Every year cotton will go up.
1t is too precious not 10 be raised. Next year men
will make as much money in raising cotton in dig
ging for oil or gold. Ii is extraordinary to see what
a ciyilizing influence is effected by the pocket
If we get these men out of Egypt INTO Palestine
ONLY ODe-ourth OF tnem, we will show moral pro-
bem solved, after four thousand years, that in the
early period of the world they did not dream OF.
For myself If you show the black man. broken dc wn
hpra nd 1 hp m on hat