The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-04-19

have all these lives been sacrificed and ali this
ing the siStesY No Il was for the purpose Of pre-
serving the States IN the Union of our fathers. II
was for that that you tought 1t was for that f9ed
the Rebe lion, and preserve the the union of the
States. That is what we have been contendng ior,
and TO establish the TACT that the nation can lit
itself above and beyond intestine Toes, and treason
and traitors at home.
MASSACHUSETTS.
When the rebellion in Massachusetts, was put
down, did that put Massachusetts out of the Union,
and destroy that State2 When the rebellion in
Pennsylvania was put down, Old that destroy the
last great Rebellion was put down, and the Const-
tuition and laws OF the country were restored, the
Rebellion being crushed, and the ,law beng ire
stored, the Constitution being acknowledged, those
States stand in the Union constituting part of the
glorious and bright galaxy OF Stars. tCheers)
WORK OF RECONSTRUCTION.
In passing through this ordeal what has been
doneH In Tennessee under the direction of nv
amented predecessor we commenced the work of
restoration, and we had succeeded, before came
here, in restoring the relations which had existed
between Tennessee and the rest of tue Union, with
one exception, and that was the relation Of repre-
sentation.
1 came TO Washington and under extraordinary
circumstances succeeded TO the Presidential chair.
What thenH The Congress of the United States had
adjourned without prescribing any plan. l then
proceeded as had done in my own State, under d.
TectiOn OF the Government, to restore the other
States; and how did we BEGIN? We found that the
people had courts, and saId the judges, the
dlsrict attorneys, and the marshals, go down and
hold your courts the people need the tribunals of
justice to be opened " Was there anything wrong in
thatP The courts were opened What elseY We
looked out and saw that the people down there had
no nails they had been interrupted and cut of by
the operations of the Rebellion. We SAID TO the
Posmaster.G General Let the people have facilities
for mail communication, and let them begin again to
understand what we all feel and thlnk-that we are
one people"
We Looked out again and saw that there was
blockade; that the custom houses we're all closed.
We said, open the doors of the custom houses and
remove the blockade; let trade and commerce and
the pursuit Of peace be restored, and 1t was done.
thus travelled step by sep, opening up custom
houses appointing collectors, establishing mail tacili-
interrupted by the Rebellion. Was there ANYTHING
undertaken to be zone here that was not authorized
by the Constitution that was not justified by the great
necessities OF the that has not been clearly
sonant with the Constitution and with the genus
and theory OF our Government?
TAXATION.
One of the great principles laid down by our
fathers and which fired their hearts, that there
should be no taxation without representation. How,
then, does that matter stand9 Who has been usurp-
ing power? Who has been defeating the operation
OF the Constitution? What now remains to be done
TO complete the restoration of those States to all
their former relations under the Federal Govern
ment and to finish the great ordeal through which
we have been passing? 1t IS to admit representa-
ton, and when we say admit representation, what
do we meanP We mean representation in the con.
sltutional and law-abidng sense, as was intended
at the beginning OF the Governments and where does
What renamed to be doneY One other thing re.
mained 10 demonstrate to the civilized and pagan
world that we had passed through the hprrid ordeal
OF our national existence, and proved that our Gov.
ernment was perpetual great principle was to be
restored which was established In our Revolution.
When our fathers were contendlng against the
power OF Great Britain what was one of the princi-
"al causes of their complaint 1t was that they
without representation. (Cheers.j
THE POWERS OF CONGRESS.
The Constitution declares, In express terms, that
each House, the Senate and House Of Representa-.
ves, each acting tor itself, sha be the judges OF
the returns election, and qualifications of its own
members 1t is for each House to settle that ques'
tion under the Constitution, and under the solemn
sanction Of oath andEcan we believe that either
House would ADMIT any member into its body, to
participate in the legislation of the country, who
not qualified and fit to SIT in that body and TO
participate in its proceedings? They have the power
| not the two Houses, but each House for itself.
shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate
of the United States without its consent. 1hen
this gl eat work of restoration is the two Houses
respectively to determine the question. oh" but
some will say, "a traitor might come in Z" The an
to that is that each House must be the judge,
and If traitor presents himself cannot either House
know that he is traitor lapplause) and If he is a
traitor can they not kick HIM out of the door and
send him back, saying 10 the people who sent mm,
| "you must send us loyal man? Cheers and a
| voice, That's logc'D
TRAITORS.
rs there any difficulty about that? If traitor
presents himself to either House. cannot that House
| say to hm NO. you cannot be admitted into this
body. TO DacK, we Will not uenY your people OIL
| right OF representation, but they must send loyal
represent alive" And hen the States do send loyal
representatives can you have any better evidence OF
their fidelity to the Ct Institution and laws? There IS
no learned IN the Constitution and the laws who
will say tsat if traitor hoppens TO get into Con-
gress, the body cannot expel him after he gets in
That makes assurance douby sure, and confirms the
action of the Government 10 the Constitution OF our
fathers Hence say, let stand by that Consttu-
ton, and in standing by it the Government will be
Wmie you have been contending against traitors
| and the dissolution OF
| the Union, have been cODtending at the same time
| against the consolidation of power here. (Cries OF
| "C1oOd!') think the consolidation OF power here
| is equally dangerous with the separation OF the
| States The one would weaken us, and might run
| into anarchy. while the other would concentrate
| and run into monarchy.
| '..' UsURPERs.
| But there is an idea abroad that one man can be
| despot that one man can be a usurper, but that a
| hundred or two hundred men cannot be. MIR. Jeffer
SON. the apostle OF liberty tells usY and so does com
mon sense, that tyranny and despotlsm can be ex
ercised by many more vigorously and more tyranni
caly than by one.
What can he dor What can he originate? Why
they say he exercises the veto power daughter.
What is the veto pOWery "a yoice-"To put dowI
| the nIgger ~ Who is your PresidentY Is he no
elected by the people. through the Electoral Col
legeH ".r
| The President Is nothing more than the Tribune o
the people HIS office is tribunital in ts character
In olden tlmes when the tIibunes were first electe
| in the Roman Repul lie, they stood at the door O
the Roman Senate which was thsn encFoaohing @ onth
necks OF the people, The people chose lIr0unC
| and placed him al the door of the Senate, so tina
when that body ventured ON oppressiyeEacts, he wa
Your President is now the Tribune OF the people
and, thank God, am and l intend to assert tn
Your President standng here day after day an
dischargng his duties, s like horse on the treaC