davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22
The Adjournment or Conxress-Whnt Il
the Prospect!

tho Prospect!
When is this session Of Congress to come to
an end What is the prospect? Is it to have
. summer or autumnal vacation, or is it to sit
in permanent session, like the long Parliament?
We cannot, from present Indications, deter
mine; but we incline to the opinion that the
session will at least run into August 1t Is
possiblc-business or no business in the way
of legslation-that, with q few members on
guard at Washington, enough to adjourn the
two houses over from day to day, the session
may be continued till next December.
The implacable radicals are evidently re-
solved to tie up the President during the recess,
IL there is to be one, or to remain on the
ground and watch him. resting on their arms.
with their pickets duly posted, front, tanks and
rear. That remorseless fanatic, cold Thad
Stevens" has compared Andrew Johnson to
the English Charles the First, and the two
houses, upon this idea, are following the OK
ample of the revolutionary Parliament against
the King. It is highly probable, howcvcr, that
the parallel which does not apply in the begin
ming will not hold good In the ending. Nous
cerrons.
On Wednesday morning last, In the Senate,
Mr. Hendricks (democrat), Of Indiana moved
to take up the House resolution providing for
the adjournment sine dc Of the present session
in the middle Of the next month. Mr.. Fessen-
den, who Ia chairman Of the Committees
on Finance and Reconstruction, was OPP
posed to the consideration Of the subject ut
present. ~ there were several important bills
still to be acted upon In addition TO the Tax
| bill. The Chair explained that the resolution
| in question was not before the Senate, but In
the hands Of the Finance Committee Mr.. Hen
bricks then moved that the committee be dis
charged from the further consideration Of the
subject, in order that the Senate might proceed
to somo action upon II The yeas and nays
were called, and the result was yeas 6, nays
Is, the yeas all democrats, and tho
nays oil republicans; very signin-
cant division, and Of some importance, too,
though upon . mere incidental and pre-
liminary question. The vote shows that II the
democrats have given up oil hopes Of making
anything out Of this Congress, and are anxious
to &c. IL out Of the way, the republicans hold
on TO II % IL there were nothing else between
them and great political revolution in public
opinion.
A special Washington despatch informs us
tina. "the radicals have agreed to delay the ad-
journment Of Congress until Governor Brown
low can convene the Tennessee Legislature
and have IL ratify the constitutional amend
mcnt jus. issued from Congress; that "thcy are
anxious thus to admit one State and claim
that the work Of reconstruction has been actu-
ally commenced on their own plan, before the
opening OF the fall elections" There may be
avn .,;,r mar. tb,n conjecture In this thcor-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

CONGRESS ON THE PARIS ExPosrTIoN.-A bill
to appropriate small sum ofmoney to enable
this country to make some sort Of show at the
Paih Hxposition has been before Congress for
some time past and has been banded about
and mixed up with other irrelevant questions
In ridiculous msnnSy. On Wednesday the
subject came up again in the House of Repre-
sentatives in the form Of q SUBJ ntute rom the
Senate for the original House bill, whereupon .
debate occurred, not az to the naked merits OF
the question, but upon the French troops in
Mexico. One question has nothing whatever
to do with the other, yet our sapient legisla-
tors could not see 1t and would mix them up
together. Stevens, Washburne and others did
not want our manufactures, products and inge-
nuity represented at the grand International
Exposition at Paris because the French troops
are in Mexico Now this d oil exceedingly
childish and frivolous. The French troops,
we suppose, will leave Mexico; that We have
no reason to doubt is arranged with our gov
eminent; but If It were not 90 arranged We
should make that separate question and
insist upon the French leaving. The Emperor
Napoleon does not care much, we imagine,
whether we be represented at the Ex-
position or not, and the conduct of
these congressman is nothing more than
silly and foolish attempt at spite for which no
one cares The simple question is, would it be
useful to our people, productive of our indus.
try and trade and instructive to our artisans
and mechanics to make show at this fair Of
all nationsi Tit would, let US be represented
properly, and let Congress make respectable
appropriation for the purpose. fit be Of little
or no consequence, let us drop the subject
altogether. One thing or the other. 1t is purely
an Industrial and commercial affair and has
nothing to do with Mexico or any other politi-
cal matter. Let Congress decide, then, one
way or the other, SO that our mechanics, ar
tisans, planters, manufacturers and commercial
men may know what to do. If this country is
to be represented let US know it, and let it be
done respectfully or abandon the idea alto
gether
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

No CHOLERA IN New YoRK.-Every or
two report of . case Of supposed cholera
creeps into the papers and is generally contra
dicted In the next issue. These reports cma-
nate from the Health Board, which accused the
journals Of trying to raise cholera panic some
time ago. The country press seize upon these
cases, announced with the official sanction Of
the Board, and reiterate their stories about
cholera here, thus hoping to keep visitors and
merchants away from the metropolis. We re-
peat, for the benefit Of all concerned, that there
has been no cholera in New York and that
there is now no likelihood that we shall be
troubled with this epidemic this season. On
the contrary the city II unusually healthy, and
there are very few deaths from any Of the dis
eases which ct all resemble cholera. The
cholera patients at Quarantine are far removed
from the city, and the rural editors should
study their geography q little before again
confounding the Quarantine grounds with the
city Of New York As for the Board Of Health
II might be much better employed than In fur
nishing sensation items to the reporters and
then rebuking the journals for publishing them
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

MILITARY DISLIKE OF ARMY CoRREsroSDESTs.--
The order issued by General Benedick, the
Austrian Commander-in- Chief forbidding news
paper correspondents to accompany the army,
has given rise To good deal Of angry com.
ment among our European contemporaries
For our part we perfectly understand the
motive Of it The Austrian General evidently
calculates on getting whipped, and he is not to
be blamed for wishing 70 reserve TO himself the
narration Of his own disasters. Army bull
letlns, since the time Of the first Napoleon,
have become an important feature Of strategy.
What Is wanting in the shape Of success they
make ND for IN the shape ofiics.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

GOVERNMENT MINERAL LANDs.-We see that
| some of our contemporaries confound the bill
reported by Mr.. Julian from the Committee on
Public Lands with that recently vetoed by the
President and which was engineered through
Congress by Senator Wade. While the former
is measure founded on correct principles Of
public policy the latter was simply an attempt
at huge swindle. 1t conferred on corpora
ton called "The New York and Montana Iron
Company" presumption rights to mineral lands,
which, as general rule, have hitherto been
carefully excluded from presumption. The
object Of the presumption system was not to
facilitate mining speculations, but 10 encourage
the spread Of population and to develop the
agricultural resources of our outlying States
and Territories. 1t was considered that in the
wake Of the one the other would follow, and
that under such conditions as would best pro-
mote the general interests. Senator Wade's
bill violates not only all the principles on
which the presumption system is based, but it
confers on the company privileges which it de-
MES to the class of settlers whom the govern
mcnt desires 70 encourage. For instance, in
emptors to one presumption claim Of quarter
section, the company is authorized by it to pre-
emp! two bodies Of land amounting in the ag-
gregatc to nearly thirteen thousand acres or
eighty ordinary presumption rights. Before the
perfection Of the title authority is given them
to Gu. down and consume oil the timber they
require for the erection of buildings for fuel,
and for these privileges, they are called upon
to pay oniy one.s.xtecnth of the established
minimum price and arc allowed twice the
time allowed ordinary pre-empto.s
What renders all this less excusaMc is The
fact that the lands in question belong to class
which il was considered advisable to Authorize
by an act Of Congress Qhat of July l, 1861 10
put up for public sale. The results Of that
policy proved so advantageous to the govern
ment and to the regions in which these coal and
iron lands are located ~ to elicit from the
Committee on Public Lands the report recently
presented by Mr.. Julian to the House of Re-
representatives., recommending that all the lands
belonging to the government, whether pro-
ducing the precious metals or the inferior
orcs, should be subjected to the same rule
The report-a very clear and able one-con-
dennis the leasing system and recommends the
absolute sale of the public domain under such
conditions as will prove beneficial to the le-
Ultimate settler as well rs to the public
Treasury. In vetoing the Wade "Montana Iron
Mining and Manufacturing bill'' the President
has acted strictly on the principles recon-
mended by the report and defeated very dis
graceful job We are not sorry that the thing
has been attempted, for ii furnishes practical
arguments 10 favor of the bill introduced by
Mr.. Julian and which will undoubtedly aid its
passage through Congress.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

REVOLUTION IN CuBA.-We published few
days ago an article showing that the natives
and blacks Of the island Of Cuba wero prepar-
ing 10 revolt against Spanish rule and were
expecting aid from the South American rspub-
lies Of war with Spain. Fully comprehending
this state Of Affairs, the mother country has
lately appointed new Captain General for
Cuba and given him new instructions and
the new official has begun his labors BY insti-
tuting new and severe regime for the suppress
sion Of the anticipated rebellion. The last
news from Cuba IL proof sufficient Of the exist
ence Of tho revolutionary spirit there. In the
stringent measures instituted by the new Cap
tain General, Lersundi, he will have the SYM
patty only Of England, a few despotic govern
ments Of Europe, and Mr.. Seward on this CONT
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

Governor Brownlow IL Q radical fanatic, and
under bis management the reconstructed
Legislature Of Tennessee, with the weed
ing out Of the sscesh element IL
pretty well adapted to the purpose contem-
plated. Moreover, II Tennessee, "Andy John
sons own State" and a. reconstructed by him
when Provisional Governor under the lamented
Lincoln, can be brought to lead OF in behalf Of
this constitutional amendment 1t will be .
trump card for tho radicals II will b. . hard
nut to crack by the straightout johnson repub-
licans Of the stripe Of Senators Cowan and
Doolittle, to say nothing Of those halfway and
rsady-to-halt disciples ofthe school and firm Of
Seward, Weed 4 Raymond.
1t Is quite likely, therefore, that something
Of this sort may be on foot to head of Senator
Cowan and to give "Old Thad" and D. D. For
ney good lift in the Pennsylvania October
election. At all events, we can hardly expect
Q conclusion Of this session of Congress this
side Of August, considering the number Of i'm
portant bills still lying upon the table of the
Senate, and considering the party tactics re-
quired to hold the republicans together and to
keep President johnson and his policy in the
background. The radical leaders in Congress
have discovered the power which they hold
with their two-third majorities over the Execu-
tive, and we may be sure that they will not
omit some exercise Of this power, in view of the
approaching State elections. We may thus
have some very curious and important devel-
opments at Washington before the close of the
present session, and we guess it is possible that
the radical managers may find in the sequel
that they have been reckoning without their
host.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

GEORGE CHRISTYS-OLp SCHOOL MINsrReLsY
BALLADS, MUSICAL GEMS &C.. Fifth House,
Nos and West TwensY-fourtn slreet.-MrDsuxxEE
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

SAN FRANCISCO MINsTRELs. 5s5 Broadway, opposite
Metropolitan Hote-ErHIoPrAa SINGING DANCING, &C.
TEE COMMITTEE on WAYS MEANS
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

MRS. F. B. CONwAY'S PARK THEATRE. Brooklyn =
THK HASLoN BRorHERs-THE SIEGRisrs-MADANE IAN
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

THEATRE FRANCAIS. Fourteenth street. near Sixth
avenue.-ENGLIsH OPERA-THE CHILD or THE REGIMENT
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

WOODS THEATRE. Broadway, opposite the St. Nlchol
Hote-THR THREE SIsTgRs-Too MUCH roR COOP NArU
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

TONY PASTORS OPERA HOUSE, POI Bowery-SAx
sHARPLEYs MINSTREL AND Combination TRouPR-DoDGIsG
RnR Wxrp
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22

TERRACE GARDEN, Third Avenue, between Fifty
eighth and Fifty ninth sreetsTHEO THOMAS ORCHESTRAL
GARDks CONCERTS commencing at Seven O'Clock
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-22
= II = n y W ..

New York, Friday, june ~, 1860.
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17
presidcu, Lincoln's Etelnnins.

On the occa,ion Of the removal Of President
Lincolns body 10 It's final restingp'ace m the OAK
Ridge Cemetery at Springfield H., the caske contain
ing thc remains was opened by some Of the state an
thortles and the face vas viewed through the gl,s
covering. A correspondent Of Tts -. Lor's De~'cr@
says:
The features OF the deceased scarcely discern
able the On balmmon seeming 20 have offered but IT,
te if any resistance TO the cucTOaChmcni Of cu1uP
ZION: aud the piece OF clay that lived, aud moved
aud mixed and was known Abraham LiLcOlu Is
heinz fast Dissolved rafter rom rafter and beam
from beam and The PARTICLES o which IL was cuIou-ly
compounded are rapidly returning 10 tbeii original
clements
The body was deposited in The new sepucler prc.
pared for It's reception and was securely fastened from
an future visitation by the erection oil sohd masonry
the seal Of the National Monument Association Aa'Ls
been affixed 10 the door.
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17
Brisish and American From orIsmen's
Wages.
Ton, Ie.for Of The " J. g,ijre

Ton, IeIfor Of The n J. griJue
SIR: Referring 10 yoW article oi the l2ih
inst oo British and American Iron Workmen's
War below send Y, O some -ules s0mcW hat alter
ing vC.- estimate. Taking The AVERAGE oi the TWO conn
tries ald Including the DIN renee ~ the yalue OF ou
cu-rcItv nv estimate s That wages in Lngland cfc
sbort per cent Of w6ecs lcrc ald 30 as your
ficir ienrrsents This difference affords sufficient
groalf protection 10 hc iron trade here. and with
out az adCiteua tdllh thc TO manufacturers Ol the
sntre country Will have tO shrt dow. NcW Orl CITY
il nov n os British iron, and U +. impossible iog to
pace 20 market either railroad bss of merc antablc
iron To- cc ,npete with a.
The IN zee paid for Pudd rr Plate hon ia Vale. i.
Tic mount prodHccd per day an average OF 3.
Tl,,,-.vo ewt. at ~ Cd pei ton Is i.s. sterling OF
this D. ruut Q2s) thc pudtcr receives rs aud the
helper ls Taking the Difference oi rienc' mo con
-idereiioa thees. PEI da' equal 10 ibo"l y ~
ard ti. f,. per dsy 90 y 49, iLs e"hr"A" cAce- "
The .-cs paid for pudding Pig Iron IN S.afoIdshire
as TO-. tun. The amount made por agy j. M aver
age o. ~ cWt.: g owi. ~ los. is Ill., ID sterling
or p. amount the puddlnr wIl receive from p. 20
~ Cd ald the helper 2s 9d. to s jd PEI dal or tue
1OlTcs p 80 20 s. e. tle .l.te 9Ic 20 81 ID pei day
The American puddler gets per tan as !ou bta'c'
60 a- sn average. and makes - cwt. PEI day.
TNen,l 'ioui cwt PEI day az SrJi IS - E.. vi TINS
amour O. pnddler gets g. l5 cnd Tie helper - ~ m
Ihus ne American puddlcI gets g. D. pcrday. The
Lugi r1ddler Rets - 30 per dag or the English pnd'
der eis 80 per cent pci day Of the amount PAID the
Amel ,n pUddler.
Tie american pgddieis helper get - 30 per day. The
Eug puddlers lcpcr Cp,e 9fc. 10 81 50 per day or
the esL puddieIs helper is paid iron % 10 ~ per
cent th. wages paid the American pnddlcr.
ILie statement II 10 my mind average Of the labor
in iIog works in England and America. l DO not say
thai may not be exceptions, but these are said by
to.lea.s only 10 prove ihe rule.
IRON tie acquaintoucc ] have with the rates OF
British aad American labor generally. believe the
.arae tts.age rucs throughout 1 have therefore re-
so.ll,e.dcd in lctter 90 Messrs. Wells. Colwen s
Hsyes an adjustment Of the tariff on foreign msnufac
tu-s ed on tbs afciGgc. Va. mar the tariff on
:stc..t .rrlglaCturc. competing with American shall
Le Enrc oaa 70 Lhe cra Nngfs ana the taxos paid 10y
tba le.i., I,OBI BJSBgpGh.
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17
aDHfT@y az 4.
Passage Of tho Hc,y-GsriesD- Municipal
Election Hill h, ghe Legislature sale
81 the eL,hurg aud ~hrc'rP"rt
acknowledgements Of Cotton.
NrW.OPLFAN. Wclrcsd1y. Fcl


The Louisiana Legislature have passed the
CITY Municipal Election li'i almost unanimously
Tie Ouscluta River at Monroe La, Is quite low;
Cotton continued to CONE f, neIc and at Trenton and
also ~ shreveport
Lie Vicksbare and SiIc.epOrt Railroad has been
sold by the Sheriff 3. Monroe. La. under mortgage
salc. T. was bought in iol ~5OCo 10y "a comIan! cor,
xoSet a. the cOntrlcfor' 20 whom large debts were
due 70 whom joined number O. the old sto.A
holden The road Will be mt in running order ''Ane
dat q, ON Nckshurg to Monroe NJ.
The 'r.,road from Shreveport to Marshall Texas
will soon he finished.
MsId Gras was celebrated here last evenihg III
style surpassed ~ many wears IN me h9ihoe! au
splcndC' Of the balls aud ot' e kinds o. pqp-c hn,uSc
ncDt,. c"o the hosts o. ncali, who atc"ut" Len W
Gled tDo streets TO watch Ire many uA'~'.' ~ 80
Jolly. laJ,y carnival De which uGrrS1It,4su lnli'u.
good Laturo and reck.C-s JOY aOonnoed Cli. oAc ac'
of vccc occurred 20 rc pleasure oi re et tehllE
Tie Governor to-day vetoed Tho Farochlal I.eeuOh
bil or tuc ground thar 'fcicn hotee ma no, peeh
given for lie election Ilo bad the nil III hand neatly
Nrw.OKla Az THURSDAY Tch. b. isOD.
ia. Grand Lodge o. Tree and Accented
Na.ous 81 the State of Louisiana is now holding It's
sgrt, communication il ta city. Ihc County Lodges
.rc -ls represented iCr 10" first ume 10 FIVE ycaro
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17

Sg.. ssA9t l..LAt
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17
STATE AGRICULTURAL soOIKrr
Annual Meeting.

Fr0fn Ouf Speel. COTe'p)aient
ALBAsy n. Y. Feb. IL. 1856.
The annual meeting Of this Society was caileA
to order By the President the Hon. T. c. Peters. 81
O'Clock IL the Assembly Chamber, the House having
adjourned as usual 70 accommodate the farners The
attendance appears to be about tue usual average nun
berlne perhaps about O members. representing probe
bly, eycry county the State not Of mere poiaclsaA
bn. substantial practical cultiya.ors of the soil
The Presden, announced that the rs business OF the
meeting was 10 listen 70 the Treasures report whoa
was given with the following very satisfactory show u
figures
IrIHER TUCKi.R, TRfA-i RFB. N ACCOUNT WITH f0s
SFW.YOHK sIAIE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17

Hero I.avory ingenious method OF confounduS
tbe na,t. present aud future, by which thc COMPANY
shows "a surplu. Of assets over liabilities oi moro
than million and half of dollar>. H. actual
funds 10 not exceed the hr'; -four items of assets
that ID. s3.Cs!2iS. bet u see what II ought to
have il, hand 10 enable It 10 do business legally u
Massachusetts. where the actual fund. Of ' coiu-
pan, amer paying an othcr liabilities except c'pi"
uust exceed ihc lcf value of all the outstanding
policies by the Aciuarics rate Of mortality at per
cent The actual premiums of The Gresham aver
agc abo1t tine same ar those OF the Mutual Lilo oi
this CITY, and Therefore have margin Cor expense
profits. Sc of about - per cent. II then Wc d-
minish the gross value oi IT. Policy Premiums By Z,
w.. have about the value oi IT. .utuIe aef
premiums, Sl2 503, lS6. This sum subtrncied from
tho yailo Of tho sums asses,ca, and BONUSES gives
a 1888 - .ls qc, V-ue Of tbg p2.gs,,sli ps.
New-York daily tribune., 1866-02-17
LIFE 7NsgRANCf
lssn.Ing Tnhatehed Poniir,.


There - 81 az. nose gcnt.cmaa over The Wrt'-
wLo hls mortal antpatby % beirg chostod h.
vulgar ir.rfo-med rogues. but when b. ca1 b. done
respectfully and scientifically he regards il rather
as 3 Injury. W. hare az example o. this be'ofe
us on ra,le- magnificent scslo. aad Is to"ngl
look and laugh n' It may be useful ior home COZ
sumption.
We ind .1 I1e IDado1 Pof N1Ia-nc o'a
Luv1u- Mogtor Of Deoember 30. l'65--a small
weekly devoted manly 70 the advertisement Of
Life Insurance Compalios-a report sad balance
sheet OF tie Gresham Life As-gance Society oi
n. Sc Od Jeury, London, r. {. Tic report
gives tho speeches a. tho scveut'oltl annual
meeting Of thc rropr.cior', an Of which were
glowing and coagr4tulatory IN the highest degree.
W. mirh; almost Bay they were gushing"
The Chairman. Mr. \. Smco, FRS, after dsoi.-
inr with delic.ous satisfaction ou the lrirbcr ~
policies. amount insured aid increase 81 funds a.
indicstirr the highest success and vitality. to'A
ereat credit also f.r lD' forcing the busnrss, iud
said;
have great pleasure ~ stating that ihls business
IS essentially European. / should So shat .FlIi a.
Oh our shareholders i've "a srcl position thar within
Two OF three days coud 90 suo see thelu personally
n Il were 20 desired. do not discourage work and
good W0-k tha; may b. dore IN the colonies 60 not
dlCouragc good work fsa mas .c ira1sscied in Amor
sea- bat What wsh 10 polt ou' 20 you ' tAsi Nc l'fc
Lu american business, ac have ho coloain' basiL'
have 10 business either - Al.ttla us Affica .i.
act ANYTHING but European bu-iuo-s ond thai '.4.
bis close 81 hand
This ought t. be toicrlbly sat -iactory 10 Us. sr,-
ing that tie balance--hcot shows relation 81 a'-
Sci. 10 lubilItic, which would certainly prcIrit %
from doing any bushes, N a. lca't Ncw-lork mt
Massachusetts II j, tried.
The editor OF Tho Pee. Mea-p, however, aF-
pears 20 give the company his unqualified npprobh-
tou, foT without starting the slightest suspicion n-
70 thc aadequacy Of It's funds De- expresses hi, as
ton. shMeut o. tie qufH. with witch ihe D.
rectors speak Of their success. IL say The
amount of ncw business obtained by ho company
during the past wear i- perfectly astonishing II
truly ought to be- so, in view oi The funds OF The
company, for though the company ISSUED il the
last yoar 800 pOiicie-, insunng about >8-'2lio r
which il received premiums 90 thr amount Of g
81. IT, balanco-sheet conccll- only from the %
pen the ugly fact that %, treasury lacks moret
81 900 900. which il should havc i'm invested l.-'
and supple, i's place by dlsoourting ITS t
probable premiums. Mr.. john BIll is. Of ST,
expected to stand By and never SEQ any dit 'uc,
between tho trussed capons Of the company, ai
ready for the widow- spit. and the chicken. oI
which even the eggs are yoi 90 be- laid.
The balance sheet is introduced witt great
flourish of trumpcts, because the liabilities are
valued at 3 per cent. Wilde the company is recev
Ing q pcr cent on it, investment. II D, a. fo'
Iows irauslating into Federal cuuency 90 : 81 "a
the pound sterling.