The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-01-29
The Rvssu.AMgRIcAM TELEGRAPH.
Interesting Report of Colonel Buckley
The Route Adopted and the work Pro-

Bulkley, the Engineer-in-chief OF the Russian
Telegraph expedition. We publish the report as
q matter OF great interest to the public, looking
with anxiety to the progress OF the work of
uniting by telegraph the two continents With
the report are complete maps, made by Colonel
Buckley, showing the foutc surveyed and the
location OF the points named. This report must
fully confirm the hopes OF the friends OF the Rus
san Telegraph for its speedy completion and
successful construction
SAN FRAtoIsco, December IS, 1865.-Since my
last resort, dated at Victoria our ships have been
enRaFed IN transporting matena', supplies, and par
ties 1or exploration of the country through which
our 1ines will pass on both continents, examining
harbors and coast lines locating cable crossings
and, so far possb determining the route of these
lines MI CONWAY, in charge OF the Fraser's river
division, has been delayed IN building OWING 10 the
lale arrival OF ma erals, but has finished 1our hum
dred and fifty miles o. nne. believe that the ex.
ploIauOn committed 10 hun, with the establishment
OF depots and distribution OF supplies. has been
iullS and satisfactorily completed In brief mes
sage he states that up to fttyseN degrees north
Dne"
Thelrendezvous of ourvessels at ska was necessary
IN order to distribute supplies winch were in the
Clara Bell; SO to divide and des Jatch our parties
for their destinations. The lar advanced summer
left DO Other course; and in oTGer to examine the
most Northern points myself, determined to take
vessels, by towing as far as possible, at the same
time furnishing them orders in regard to future
rated, or should des'gnedY leave them
Mr.. Kenncott, dividing his party, will explore
the country between the Kvchpax, in latitude
sixty live degrees north, and the head of Norton
Sound; at the same time push his little steamer
the nver until stopped by ice; then with dogs and
sledges reach Fort Yukon, and penetrate to the
southward, foImDg a junction with the British
Amer can explorations
10 insure his safety IN this last work. ordered
Mr.. Conway TO establish a depot on Babini lake,
which is DONE At st. Michaes we found rehabe
testimony in regard TO hvlchpak and Yukon being
the same river and larpe navigable stream filed
with lsaDds. Sand bars block its PASSAGE in many
places TO all except hight draft boats, but this was
probably observed in only one of tne many passages
IN which tins great river winds through the islands
From evidence since received it is certain that
the most southern mouth OF tins river has
entrance from the sea- with ten ee of water on the
bar; and everything indicates the existence of still
better channels through which such large volume
OF water must ne empned into Behring Sea- From
st. Michaes the Russians go IN its most northern
mouth with boats drawing iour feet: Large quantI-
ties OF drift wood down with its current land
ing the shores OF Behrinq Sea and Norton Sound,
furnishing the trading post of ST. MIchaes with Their
his part Of Russian America is low and rolling,
but In the south are high mOu talns spurs of the
great coast range that stands like wall on the
whole coast following the peninsula of ALASKA, and
ming the A eutian Islands North OF tins island
chain Behring Sea Is filled with alluvan poured
into 1t by the rivers, making it comparatively shall
low, while the southern side falls abruptly into the
depths of the Pacific Ocean. The habor of st.
low, rolling, and without, timber up to Cape Nome;
west OF tins, pIecpious, but not high, which con-
hnues to near the entrance OF Port Clarence.
This fine bay has good entrance, wlh ten fathoms
side Is Grantley harbor smaller extent and com
petely landocKed, provinga good landing for our
cable ana the only practicable aud safe the
American side OF Behring Strait. he country IS OF
the same general character that bounding Norton
heavy growth of moss. thrown up by the frost in
large bunchy masses below this the earth is thawed
ABOUT ten inches, and beneath Tozen solid. Small
stuDted bushes, bearing berries like wild clrrants
ana whorteberres, are the only approaches to trees
st. Lawrence and Mechigme bays, on the Asatic
coast, proved unsafe for our purpose. Shoal water
ana exposure to southeast gales driving ice PACKS
In deep masses on the shores, would destroy any
cable. Both bays were tul OF old Ice, which extend.
ed in broken lines ten miles at sea- and through
which we worked our way with considerable difficult
~ Senavln Strait offers all the protection necessary
kesu Cult Abolesher bay, and from this strait to
01antey harbor the bottom OF Behring Strait
mug, HasS sand ana gravel, averaging about thirty
landings one hundred an seventv-eight mIles. rhe
siberian sde IS more mountainous, without timber
ana Du little moss, except in the valleys. The great
masses OF sienite that rise in sharp rough outline at
their SUBMITS are torn and pushed by the congealng
water IN every crevIce until the avalanche OF rock
comes laundering down to the valley, and lies gem
Tie slope against the mountain slde and in this way
tnese mountains are SINKING to hills and the masses
crumblIng to atoms in the intense cold Valleys wind
between Them, sometimes partially filed with this
debris but through which we find passage for our
land hne The ground IS thawed to an average depth
ofthree feet, probably owing to the absence of the
thick moss covering of the American side.
In Port Providence, or Plover Bay, we found our
Dalque Pdtmetto, from which vessel we coaled and
06deTed her direct to San Francisco. On September
70 Tue Gotden Gate arrived from St. Mchaels, re.
porting all Of Mr.. KennIcott's men supplies etc,
landed and the party in coed spirits about starring
Oreuopaulski to communicate with Mr. Abasa, in
case we should get frozen IN the AnadVr river as
M,hnter see med last approaching. Alrea0y the lower
covered with snow and the ice was closing
the upper part Of the bay.
This is a good harboT, bounded by mountains
win deep water and mud bottom. The coast line
west rises In perpendicular cliffs with serrated and
raegea outline, and no available harbors east of
Cape Spanberz The harbor that we find directly
west OF TINS cape has its entrance between perpen-
0cular cls, Dut at its head good beach slopes into
the water, with low rolling country stretching 10
the eastward. In the distance north, high moun-
tam ranges covered with snow show their rugged
outlne; sand and mud bot ON, with water aver
aging about thirty fathOms depth continues across
Anadyr bay to the mouth of Anadyr river and there
Is q good landing In the bay near Cape Observation
well protected from ice.
The schooner Milton Badgey was here having
landed MIR. McRae and party, who were engaged i'm
preparing for winter. 1t being too late for boat ex.
plorations OF the river, they will commence with
reindeer as soon the sno falls in sufficient oman.
tlty. Three hundred of these ANIMALS were on the
ground, belonging TO the Indians in the vicinity
with whom arrangements were made for transporta.
three days journey and thence towards Tie head of
Ghyinsk Gull or until communicating with Mr.
Abasa, TO whom he is ordered to report. With boat
/ aseended the nVer TO about thirty miles above
Cape Toistol, and found q fine naVigable stream
with low banks, and the country in the distance
gently undulating and without timber. The waters
at this point ebb and How with the tides of Behring
Sea; but the indications OF ireshets the banks
show rise of about ten feet which leave consider.
able drlftWoOd, of large sze for this Northern re-
giOns Some of the LOGS observed were mora than
twelve inches IN diameter The Indians report tim
Der above, and represent the crooked with
strong currents, and rocks some distance up. From
Care 81 Barrie westward the country is low rolling,
covered with moss, and thawed about two feet in
dtplhs LOW scrubbY pines and der, not three
re IN helght Prow in sheltered places. On the 18th
q, pcloDer new Ice was making so fast that were
ophg W leaVe The river, and on the following day
large seals were climbing on It's edges and living
there apoye water, curiously watching us. Snow