Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-05-02

mo uhtterslE euSfrcsiucut huh hcs'snh'eu fiIj"l
Rurr. MgnIwsrMEn and DR.. II. a. SHAW, Of
this District niS:ae, as their agents to proceed
to BRAZIL explore the conn..ry, mike necessary
arrangements for their removal. aud, in any evert,
to report 20 me tho result of ,bcir observations.
That Report I have rho honor, Kcrc@ith to
submit, and at the request Of many citizens, 10
offer for publication. I,s intrinsic 'lnerits will
recommend it to the perusal of your readers. And
our political sky is not yet so clear, that the eye
of reason nay not turn towards brighter lIonv-
en- for reliefsfro,n the doubt and obseurity that
here envelope tsyision.
Very respectfully &c,
-. tJo5EPH ABEEY.
To Maj jas. AJney, President So"Aern ColYni-
=a'iDa soe;ety,3 .Edysdeta c. IT., So Ga.
.gir,-In obedience to written Instructions re-
cei7ed from 5ou, to examine portions of tho EN-
pire of Brazil, and report to you ;s result Of cur
Investigations, as to climate, productions, lave, re-
ligion &C., We lift Augusta Ga, about the 18th of
Oct 1865, on the n. r. via, Washington City,
where We procured passports, and proceeded to
New York. Securing passage on tho NorthAmer
ica, one Of the Brazil and United States line OF
steamcr. to Rio DsJa JanGiro, We lsrt New York on
the 3Olh .! October and arrived ateRio, on the
2G,h of November. At Rio We met several gen.
tclnen from the South, who had been in Brazil
several montAs, On the same mission that carrisd
US thitber. Amongst them we formed the nc
quaintancc of DR.. CASTOR Of Columbia, S. c.,
who had made rather an extensive tour in the in
terror Of tho province Of St. Paulo. He intro
duccd us to his EKcollsncy, paulo Suss, Minister
of Agriculture, to whom We explained tho objects
Of our yisit, and .prcsentel our CREDENTIALS The
Minister offered us every facility. desired in the
prosecution of our Investigations, furnishing trans
portatiOn, guide, IN interpreter, and in most
cases, food and lodging.
The portions of the Empire we'wcre instructed
to visit and examine, were go extensive, and so
difficult Of access, with the means of transporta-
ton attainablc in Brazil, that more than two
years would have beou required for the accom-
plishmcnt of such an enterprise. We therefore
concluded to select y portion of the Territory
designated in our instructions, which we supposed
best adapted to the wants and necessities Of our
people at home, and to confne our examinations
to that particular Province.
On our voyage out, VIC stopped at Pernambuco,
where VIC satisfied ourselves that the climate
would not sut tho paOple of our State 1t Lies
within 10 degrees of the Equator, and perpetual
Summer reigns thoro. The climate is damp and
hot, though said to be healthy, but yet the ever
lasting heat must enervate the system and break
the constitution of msn. In this province, how,
ever, is grown the best quality of upland cotton.
Extracts from on English paper now at hand,
quote Pernambuco cotton at from to I'D higher
than amy other 10 the great cotton mart OF the
world. Sugar and tobacco are also grown here in
great perfection. We stopped also at Bahia, two
or three hundred miles south of Pernambuco,
whore also cotton, sugar, tobacco and.all the
Tropical fruits are grown in great perfection.
Still the climate. as in Psrnambuco, is Equatorial,
and liable to tho same objections.
Arter fuH and complete inquiry and investiga-
r-uufo,- Tying Dotwoen
90 and 25 degrees South Latitude, appeared to u,
the most suitable for our people, on account OF
health, climate and productions, being by is
whole length and breadth, just within the frost
line, except its higher table lands, which arc free
from fros, the year round. With the purpose of
exploring this Province thoroughly, We left Rio,
in company with DR.. CASTOR, who as above
stated, had seen considerable portion thereof,
with the guide and Interpreter, whom the Minis
ter of Agriculture had commissioned to attend u,,
and went by Steamer to Santos, Its seaport town.
Wo cxamiuedthe country around this place, for
fifty miles, but were no. satisfied with its health
funess, productions or soil.
Convinting ourselves that tho country, lying
between tao mountuins and teacoast, had no large
bodies of farming lands, we directed our at,cn-
ton to ths inferior, beyond the ihounsains which
bound the coast. Therefore, we took tho cars
over the S Paulo and Santos RnilsEoad, the pro-
prietOrs khdly giving US free passage both going
and returning. This Rai!-Rpad is not yet COM
plctej, but tho carr pass over it to about twenty
miles bepnd the city Of st Paulo, the capital Of
the provitec of the samo name and it is graded to
Jundce, brty miles from tho capital. Its whole
completed length ia eighty or ninety miles, con-
neciiog tEa interior of the province with the sea-
board, at Santos. This port, wO omit to men,
ton, hasa very capacious harbour, an inlet for
ships of tie largest class and by the frat Of juno,
it is thought, its Rail Road will be finished. A
survey hs bccn made to continue it about ono
hundred niles farther TO Rio Clara, butn por-
ton Of it ! under contract, and gentlemen con-
vcrsant with its affairs, imagine come time will
clarso bubro operations 10 extend it will coin
mcncc..
AT St. Pulo we were provided with animals to
prosecute our journey over country almost
without rdds, for tie catrc transportation in the
interior islone on packs, except that now and
then, a bullock cart is seen hauling at short dis
tapces, oSr roads which our wagons certainly
could notpass. Those carts are OF The most
primitive hnracter, the wheels and axles are fas-
tened togehcr, aud all turn together in moving.
We haze otsn soon as many as ten oxen drawing
at one ear and sonstiRes many Rore, and not
carrying lore than two thousand pounds. The
oxen too, 4e us fne as wo have ever seen.
Our frstaim was to examine tract Of country
lying bctw en two mountain ranges, drained md
connected With the sea by nayigabe stream,
where wo Rre informed, were large bodies of pub
lie lands, id then to survey portion of country
farther 10 &c interior, where wo hcard1 were also
public lant, and those the richesta and holltbiest
of the pro- 3nce. We commenced our tour on the
18th of scmbcr 1886, going to Itapctaningnn,
the nonresboss ovd the mountains to our desti-
nation, buton arriving there, learned the utter
ilnpracticatlity of crossing. Neither man nor
beast could pass at that point. From thence to