The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-11-21

mi,
him quit public life. Our public servants are
either TO do our Will. or to run beyond it by a
superior wisdom. BY what right do they claim
exemption from criticism AT Constautinople,
il YOU remain in private life, before one single
act sball be criticized you shall have n Court
and Cadi to Judge your case; but go once into
the public service of the Sultan, and the bow
string, without trial BY judge or jury, is your
fate at the hrst omission.
The same Is substantially true, and must be
true, in all Governments. Tue public servant
must do his work or he must submit to be told
that he has not done it, This is the sum total of
nv criticism. All ask of the public servant is
that be shall exhibit the same fidelity that we
nave in the industrial business concerns OF the
country, There is no mystery about govern
ment. II is a matter of common sense. There
is no peculiar machinery about 1t.
/ Now, gentlemen, my view of our situation is
lust this. We need more to-day, peculiarly,
emphatically, the voices and instincts of the
people because now and in former times de-
moCracy has produced no leaders. Lincoln
said with pre-eminent truth, "It this battle is
fought the masses fought it," To-day who are
the parties to the great quarrel and TO the great
issue that agitates the country? What is that
issue?
Well It is simply this: We have struggled for
seventy years to be one country, with antago-
nhtic institutions. AT last the irrepressible
conflict has referred itself to arms-the South
meaning by that term not a geographical sec.
ton but an idea, residing IN Philadelphia and
Chicago as much as In Charleston; the idea that
the Declaration of Independence is a mistake
that olgarchy and aristocracy are the only safe
iOvernment-that one man IS born with whip
md spurs, and another man bitted and saddled,
lat he, the first, may ride-that intelligence is
'aTgeTous-that education is revolutionary
hat, in the language of Pickens, of South
Clrolina, "Il man raises his hand and touches
Dvernment, it is anarchy In the language
the man of South Carolina, Would you
Lch horse to read, would you give an OK an
dcatenW 1t is just as reasonable as to teach
mechanic for SAYS he, "the educated and
h. wealthy class, because the wealthy man
rs the same right to rule the masses and use
pnl as man has to use the animal"
This idea, originated at the South, yet confined
stu're, lebelled against the Declaration of Inde-
Nendence, appealed to arms and was beaten.
That is the meaning of victory, if 1t has any
s'guihcance 1t is that the rival idea-the idea
OF universal education-an open Bible--un-
gagged lips-the Declaration of Independence
equality before the law-rights resulting from
manhood, and limited only by that idea is to
remodel the Government in its own shape, re.
constructed after its own model-that Is the
significance of victory. Now in that ISSUE
which is not a short one, ideas are not developed
in an hour. Great communities do not change
their convictions by battle-a single genera.
ton ls not long enough to get rid of national
prejudice.
The injurious tendency of democratic institu-
tions is haste. In the old countries where half
Of the minds are the Government where five
hundred active brains are the State, they lay
and lay and plan to-day, watch tomorrow turn
aside at the close of the next month, watch the
all of events, are not discouraged by transient
wills, and, after long patience, the ng-breathed
hound-like patience OF oligarchy, without rest
and without haste, they reap In the end full har-
gest OF complete success; but the trouble with
The masses is ike child, they dig up the seed
In Blk months TO see whether it has sprouted.
They must have an immediate result They
must see palpable effect. They cannot wait
for ideas.
Our danger is that we hasten after paste
board reconstruction, an outside cure, a seeming
peace. Why, the Democracy thirty years ago
commenced this very struggle between the
prejudices OF the dominant white race, and
to-day. after thirty years, a generation honors
the industry OF the blacks, which has been SO
tireless and SO ceaseless and successful, that
three-hlths cultivated the land of the South
land, the very basis OF the Government-the
foundation OF power-the source of government
tai force.
Now this problem of getting rid of the igno-
rant, besotted, defiant, revengeful, bigoted
white race, full of prejudices 10 the negro, be-
cause tits whipped and likely to be converted
because unsuccessful-this problem is one the
nation has to solve. For what are the parties
to it? On the one side stands the mobocrat
of the White House-(applause) this self
educated leader OF Rebeldom within the camp
of the loyal States. | am called harsh critic.
A year ago in September ! ventured to say,
in the city of New York, that the Presi-
dent of the United States instead of being a
mistaken friend, was a deliberate, systematic
conscientious enemy to the loyal States-that
he was not merely in error, but was plotting
antagOnlsm. Nine out of ten of my audience
hissed me. Well l was wrong; 1 was mis-
taken. My mistake was that l said that the
President had gone to the Democratic party.
He had not. He never stayed in that camp
long enough to betray 1t. He never went there.
Our children will see the proof of my belief
In 6lack and white, within ten or twenty years
that befbre the 4th day OF July, 1865, the
President was in direct personal communication
with the Rebel South at Fortress Monroe.
supposng it was not party definition. 1t
was not O partisan treason. 1t was the South-
erner and the Rebel revealing himself the
moment he stood under the full temptation of
power from Mobile, from New Orleans from
Charleston. AS early as the 10Th day OF June,
you may have, II you seek il, evidence that the
leaders of the Southern Union had gotten nm
from their knees, de6ed Northern clemency,
shook their hands at the Republican party. and
boasted that they had friend strong enouoh to
protect them in their opinion, whence came, all
over the South, thus early, an unfal:erng un-
hesitating confidence in the power that was
strong enough to protect them.
We shall see it ina ly, when the Cabinets and
statesmen meet, as believe, in the i'm
peachment OF the President himself At any
rate, no one doubted to-day that the mobocrat
of The White House is the efficient, substantial
leader OF the effort of the South to save her idea
from the consequences other defeat. (Appause)
The South is not a hypocrite. There is no
sham. she does not pretend to philo
sophy. She believes in her system more
thoroughly than we believe in ours. She does
indeed, from the crown OF her head to the sole
of her foot. She believes that society is only
safe in the predominant classes, that capital
must own labor in order that the Government
should exist. She is striving to do what the thou.
sand brains that make her Government desire
striving to save the wholesale defeat of her idea,
oligarchy. The President stands in front OF IT.
and 1t is not supposed that be is declaiming de-
HOcracy.
The President, like the rest, begieces and