Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1866-08-08

for relief from the doubt and obscurity that here
envelope it, vision.
Very respectfully &c.
JOSEPH ABNEY.
To MOI. joe. AJney, President Souikeri Colonira.
tion' Society, Edssfeld C. H., So Ca
| .&r,-In obedience to written Instructions re-
ceiyed from you, to examine portions of the EN-
pire of Brazil and report to you the result of oul
Investigations as to climate productions, laws re-
iision &C., we left Augusta Ga, about The 18th OF
| Oct 1885, on the r. R. ria Washington City
where we procured passports, and proceeded te
| New York: Securing passage on the North Amer
ica, one of the Brazil and United States line o.
Steamers to Rio De Janeiro, we left New York on
the goth of October, and arrived atsRio on the
| 26th of November. At Rio we met several gen
tlerncn from the South, who had been in Brazil
several months, On the same mission that carried
| us thither. Amongst them We formed the &C
! ouaintance of DR.. GAsTos of Columbia, S. c.
who had made rather al extensive tour in the in
terror of the province of st. Paulo. Ho intro
duced US to his Excellency, Paulo susa, Ministe.
of Agriculture, to whom We explained the objects
Of our visit, and presented our credentials. The
Minister offered us every facility desired in the
prosecution Of our investigstons furnishing trans
portation, guide, an interpreter, and in mos
cases, food and. lodging.
Tho portions of the Empire we were insfrIcte''
to visit and examine, were so extensive, and 'as
difficult Of access, With the means Of Fansporta-
ton attainable in Brazil, that moro than two year
would have been required for the accomplishmen'
Of such an enterprise. We therefore concluded
to select portion of the Territory designated III
our Instructions, which ne suppo.ed best adapted
to the wants and necessities Of c.r people at
homc, and to eonfnc our examinations to that
particular Province. -
On our voyuge out, we stopped at Pernambuco,
where we satisfied ourselves that the climate
would not suit the people of our State. 1t lies
within 10 degrees of the Equator, and perpetual
Summer reigns there The climate is damp and
hot, though said to be henlthy, but yet the ever
lasting heat must enervatc the system and breas
the constitution of man. In this province, how
ever, is grown the best quality of upland cotton.
Extracts from an English paper now at hanD,
quote Pe.nambuco cotton ut from to Id higher
than any other in the great cotton mart OF the
world. Sugar and tobacco are also grown here in
great perfection. We stopped also at Bahia, two
or three hundred miles south of Pernambuc",
where also COTTON, sugar, tobacco and all the Tro-
pical fruits are grown in great perfection: sall
the climate, as in Pernambuco, is Equatorial, and
liable to the same objections.
|" After full and complete inquiry and investiga-
ton, the Province of St. Paulo, lying between g
and 25 degrees South Latitude, appeared to us
the most suitable for our people, or account Of
health, climate and productions, being by its
whole length and breadth, just within Sthe frost
Fine, except its higher table lands, wliicare free
from frost the yenr round. With the purpose of
exploring this Province thoroughly, We left Rio,
! in company with DR.. GAsrox, who as above
! stated, had feen considerable portion thereof;
With thegnide andinterpreter,swh when the Minis
sersofs Agriculture had adcommissioned'oa attend US,
and went by Steamer to Santos, its seaport town.
| Wo examined the country around this place, Tor
fifty miles, but were not satisfied vita its health
falnsas, productions or SOIL, 49, '-~-'' =
1 Convincing ourselves that the csj'ntry, lying
between the mountains and seacoast, lad nc large
bodies Of farming lands, We directed our atten-
ton to the ;oteriOr, bey yond the noun aims which
bound the coast Therefore, we took the cAr'
over the St. Paulo and Santos Railroad, the pro
prietors kindly giving us free passage both goins
and returning. This Railroad is 1i't yet com:
1 n,eted but the cars pass over it to abouttWenty
miles beyond the city of St. Paulo, the capital o.
I the province of the came name, and 1t is gradec
TO Jundics, forty miles from thecapita1. Itswhol'
completed length is eighty or ninety niles con
meeting the interior of the province with the sou
board, at Santos. This port we omit'sd to mem
ton, has very capscious harbour, i'm inlet fol
ships Of the largest class and by the first of juno
| it 10 thought, its Railroad will be finished.
survey has been made to continue il about ont
huldrcl miles farther to. Rio Clara, but no por
tann Of. it is under contract and gen nllemcn con
rersaut With its affairs, imagine some time vii
/ .Iapse before operations to extend it, will com
mence. sTs-.ss
4 At ST. Paulo We wero provided with animals t
prosecute our jourscy over country almos
without roads, for the entire transportation in tn
n Interior is done on packs, except TINT now an'
then, bullock cart is seen hauling at short dis
| tances, over roads which our wagons certainl
coaldznot pass. These carts areSof the mos
primitiye character the 1heels.ard n.tlesn are fas
tened together, and all turn together in moving
Eciilnye often seen as many. ast ten oxen drawn
,t'one cart, and sometimes many more, and nc
:. carrying more than two thousand pounds. Th
oxen too, are as fne Us We have ever teen.
0urfrstaim was to,exnmine g tracli Of countr
lying between two mountain ranges, irained m
conn cted with the Sea by q nayigable stream
whore wo were informed, were largo bodies Z
ublic lands, and then to, survey i!+portion
,ountry farther in the interior, whertrzwe hear,
scre also public lands, and these the richest m
shcnlthiest of the province. We commenced ol
s,our on the 18th Of December sos, gl':ng to Ital
,tanineua, tho nearest pass oser The mountains