New Orleans daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1851-1866, 1866-06-26
THE PARTIES TO THE WAR.

the great european struggle, Aostfla Is w A'i '0
most powerful She excels either OF her adYer-
saries both in extent of territory aud in poPuta-
ton. AsS military power she pahEs
next to France; but, heretofore, tie he'eEogehe-
Gus elements Of which her population IS composed
have, to some extent, impaired the efficiency OF
her armies Fifteen years ago she would not have
dared to engage in such struggle as that when
sbo nav seems TO court and, even in 1859, there
was great danger that the disadeoted people OF
tyupgary would have risen in revolt, had the war
been long protracted. At present, however, she
II seems TO have got over those difficulties. The new
Inolioy adopted By the3 imperial government
/ towards Hungary appears to have subdued the
spirit of disaeotion in that province. and Austria
now, to all appearance, relies as firmly on the
powerful support Of the Hungarians as when
Maria Teresa waged her fierce wars against Fred
eriok, or when the Arohduke Charles led her
armies in the bloody contests with the first
Napoleon
The Austrian empire, as at present constituted,
consists Of nineteen provinces, covering area of
2S6 Sill English square miles that is to say, her
area is little greater than that Of the four States
of Louisiana Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia.
The total population is Se,995,0ee distributed
among the different races as follows:
] Gef1laLSy StzuUtUp9t bOHelnlanS, MOTaYlalS ana
slovaeks 100000; Poles, 100000; Russians
2,80O0O0; savenans ,2lO, oO0 Croats, 800 900 ;
ssryians, I,47O,000: Bulgarans, $4,000; Magyars
$3.50 coo; Italians Inclusive of Latns and FIisus}
| 3,050o Eastern Romans, ZOO 900; members of
other races, 1,l3O,OOo
The Austrian war establishment consists Of over
half million of men-indeed her present army,
BY great efforts is said to have been raised to
800 GOO.
The navy however, is comparatively small, con.
| ssting, in August, 1864, Of 50 steamers with $50
guns, and II ,7a0 horsepower, and 20 sailing yes
sells with l45 guns Great efforts have been made
within the last few years to raise the imperial
navy to a state Of high efficiency by the substtu
ton Of steam for sailing vessels, and the gradual
formation Of an ironclad feet Of war. Austria
has become constitutional monarchy since 1S49,
! the main features of the constitution consisting,
first Of the provincial diets representing the va.
rious States Of the monarchy secondly, cen
trail diet, or council of the empire and thirdly q
reduced form Of the latter, or partial council Of
the empire, as it is called. The public debt of the
empire, which at the commencement the French
revolution in 1889 was Sta 500, 600 had grown in
1868 to ST. 2l0 800 ,Os5. From 1883 to the present
time there has not been a single year in which the
revenue of the State has come up to the expendi.
ture. The present emperor, Francis Joseph I,
was born August, 1880, and was proclaimed EN-,
| peror and king in consequence of the abdicaton
of his uncle, Ferdinand l. and the remuneration of
his father, Francis Charles, December 2, l848. He
was oounander-in. chief of the Austrian army in
the italian campaign Of 1869.
Prussia raised to the rank of kingdom by
Frederick I. something over century ago has,
since the time Of Frederick II, been counted as
one of the five great powers of Europe. Her
army since that period has been noted for its eff
| cheney and discipline and her people are perhaps
more generally educated than those of any other
country in the world, not even excepting the
| United States
The area of Prussia is at present IO8 ,2I2 English
square miles OF about equal to the combined terri
tory of Georgia and Florida. The population, &C.
cording to the census Of 1864. was 10 s48. The
great majority of the persons are Germans the
total number Of persons belonging to non German
nationaiities being 2,504I70. Within the last few
years the government Of Prussia made several ad-
dtions to its dominions, acquiring FIRST the two
Principalities Of Hohenaollern next the important
seacoast district of Yahde, which it purchased
from 0ldenburg, and more recently the Duohy of
Lauenburg, which was coded to itb by Austria for
peounary consideration. In point of administra-
ton Prussia is not inferior to any other country of
the world. Its finances, unlike those of Austria
and Italy, are in a sound condition. The army, on
war footing, numbers 200, 600 and its feet con
sisted in 1885, of 81 steamers, sailing vessels 40
rowing vessels; total, s5 war vessels. The reign
ing King is William |, born in 1877, who succeeded
his brother Frederick William ~, inJanuary, 1861.
It's only since the war of 1853 that Italy has
taken rank as one Of the great powers Of Europe.
| Before that time her territory was divided among
several governments, almost all Of which were in
alliance with, and under he influence of Austria.
AT present the whole Peninsula, with the exeep-
ton Of Che Roman States, the Islands Of Sicily and
sardiniai and Upper Italy, except Venetia and the
Qaadrlateral are consolidated under the govern
nent OF Victor Emanuel, the reigning monarch Of
| the house Of Savoy
The Kingdom OF Italy has an area Of 98,784
English square mics, with popaiafion' according
to the last census taken IN the spring OF 1864, 81
tants to the square mile figure higher than that
/ Of France and Germany, but lower than that of
England. There has been In some of the pro
ynoes rapid increase in population Of late years
but the increase of wealth has been much more
rapid within the last century than the increase of
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