Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1866-08-21
Circulation Of Sap in Trees An Ex-
tended Review of the Fruit
Tree Subject.

am eHdeaVOrlnp 10 f0!l0W out
your practice in view Of arriving at
the cause of fruit tree failure in this
country, but am short Of scientific
authorities The circulator> system
appears to BE evidently the scat d
disease in trees, and if that can be
kept well balanced 50 as not to pro-
duco extreme growth of wood, |
have no doubt tic greatest obstacle
viii haze been overcome"
You spoke Of book on Vegeta-
bic Philosophy, in which the q ca
lation is treated Will you write me
the name of author, where to order
and price"
ANswER.-Wo have only The
Philosophy Of Natural History, re
viscd ty John Ware. NJ. D. !, sold
by Brown, Taggart 4 Chase, Boston,
price $500
ms "oIh mas coupe o. cAapuefS
devoted 70 the structure OF trees,
how wood and bark are formed, the
circulation, use Of leaves, &c.
w. ,+,,n, - no.;o =,
:" y ~ wy
o'"eI - elIeul"''o" IN tFeeS' ne
sap arrangement differs but little
between DlantS that renpw thni,
-
'i''''N VNVf9 9e"I ANU 'Iee9 t'aI pre-
sorvt the same trunk year to year.
In trees tIe circulating channels are
situated III the external layer OF
WOOD caliea inc dt3FfHtt#, which Is
always the layer q wood Of the pres
ccdlhg year this wood performs the
same othce Tor but one scason, being
afterwards surrounded and lncloSed
by new layer OF the same kind.
Hence, the trunks OF trees are form
ca by layers OF wood which have
heen yearly deposited round about
the center, ana winch have success
lNcly aiofded passage fer the sap,
ny means Q! vessels winch commu-
mcate with the roots and leaves.
rom tae leaves the sap dascends
through the vessels OF the inner lay
er OF haH IL and ~ its decent gradnal-
y forms the new wood or a'berAum
for use ncNt year That part. Of the
bark, also, which has thus 0neo serv-
ed the purpose of circulation, is at
forwards thrown aside and its place
supplied by a new layer Of bark
formed oh IL in9lIe' between the ~
91'''""1 "n'' ~. parN' hence thc
~ : 7 amount - ''l'cN "es'a park ~
''o',S H'99o !. ~ ttio oiaer tilC
'h'e~e'' II 'oi'""S lha5 the old
"oCu surrounding me cciltefls OF no
use 70 me Tree DAt as 4 support to
prevent us lall ana that the Old
y. narN = oAly u use aS covering
ne GA wood aDout the center OF
trees Is kept si'@huy moistehed by
means OF laterai vessels, ana, being
Kept from the ar, does not usually
decay. Inc old wood may be said
70 possess no me put II not allow
ed 20 lefmeht, sour ana decay II may
,"st curing the Vie q the tree. Hol-
10" frees were 50 caused oy the an
reacnih3 1'ieir center, Whlch injured
the '"Iefal vessels the Woo oelh4
/ exposed 70 terncntat;on ana decay
l ne root has IT'S oftlce as i recelv-
cr oi HHll from the earth. lms tiu
~ scarcely offering from water, /
forced upward through the Feslcula
yea ~ tfaE# 10 the branches, leaves
il'WNrs and lfult. In the leaves II
IS exposed to the influence ct light
heat and ar, and Is no doubt changed
Ply me process INTO the essentials Of
wood and bark which It goes to form
returning from the leaves 1t de
sceudS IN different set OF vessels
situated Ill the bark, and IN its de
scent contributes TO the growth and
noUriShMeht 81 ne tree by deposit
M pew layers q matter between
vas hafN ana wood.
otrctly, all trees ana plants arc
alike ANIMALS, their living TART be
/ ing renewed every year-at least
! have their circulating vessels annu
ally renewed, with their diberntm
bark and leaves-aIl preceding parts
beng IN strict sense dead matter
!. Auch considerations suggest !he dis
unctlons between the vegetable and
"I'na! kingdoms, IN the latter nc
i part dlcc ana there - no such renew