The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1866-03-23
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yiews of senator Sherman.

on Saturday night. In the course OF
his remarks he said:
1t was commonly said in the news
papers that the President and Congress
were ouarreling with each other; but he
would show that they stood with each
were four different classes of proposi-
tions upon which it was said Congress
and the President disagreed. The first
was as to the representation ofthe States
in Congress-. There was great deal OF
theoretical dispute i'll regard to the con-
dition of the Southern States, but those
theories did not amountto to much. Some
alleged that the southern States were
conGuered provinces. and some Snid
they were States in the Union. Dem
ocrats contended that they were
| in the Union, and had the right
thew saw fit, and that it would be
unGonstitutiona in that body to exclude
| Robert Toombs or jeff. Davis, ifelected, !,
| and that no test oath could be prescribed
| to them; while, OH the other hand, there
| we're those who looked upon these States
as conquered provinces, 70 De governed q
with absolute power, just MS England
governed Ireland, with unhappy results
10 both, that would continue to exist
until England did justice to Ireland.
4 rnpplause.1 AS that was st. Patrick s
| dav, he felt inclined to say good word
for could Ireland, for the good men
| she had given to this country. he was
| of the opinion that a grent many peo-
ple came from Ireland who were caught
| t,v5 the iGlelusive name ofdemocracy, and
| who always fought against their own
| interests and against their cOnsclenceS.
The Irish people ought to be the truest
| Union men in the country. The South
ern States, in his Judgment, were States
i of this Union in a condition oftnsurrec-
i tion. and had no right to choose Repre-
| sentatiyes to Congress unless they
could subscribe to certnin speclhed con-
| ditions. A resolution embracing those
\ idens passed by an almost unanimous
vote in Jnly, 1865, only Messrs. Sauls-
bury. Garrett Davis and Powell, of
| Kentucky, voting against it. The Pres
| ident Endorsed this proposition even in
his veto message, and also in the un-
| fortunate speech he made on the I'd oil
1 February. The Senator rehd an eX-
| tract from President JOhnson's veto,
/ which set forth that Representatives in
/ Conpress must be men who never aided
in the rebellion, and said if the copper
heads could endorse that they had
harder dose to swallow than they ever
had before. The only question was
1 what terms and qualifications, what
| tests of loynlty should be applied to
| them. He (Mr. Sherman) wanted no
better test than the outh' which was
4 nrescribed two or three years ago. Tint
4 was the position of Congress ana An
j drew johnson. The point OF dlverSen-
| cv was that the President insisted on
| complying with those tests that each
House shall be the judge of the qualit-
| cations of its own members, while Con
gress insisted that, While 1t hnd the
| constitutional power each Tor ltseLI 10
| do SO. it inevitably has the power 10
| net Jointly upon this question, ana ne
| Thought in that Congress had the best oil
| the argument. The President had never
\ said. and in his judgment never would
say, that Unrepentunt rebels ike sic
| nhens. of Georgia-thOugh he was the
| hest of them all-Shnll come back and
| take their places TO make laws for the
people of the United States. -
| The second question was as 10 the pa
| sis of representation, which the speaker
| discussed ut considerable length. BY
the Constitution of the United States
\ representation was based upon the
number ofinhabitants, and the result
| of the abolition of slavery, which here
| tofore entitled the South TO the repre-
sentation of three-fifths of the slaves,
would be to give to the Southern States
| increased political power. II inns were
permitted, the white men OF Soutn Sar,
olina would have two and one-third
more political power than. the White
men of, Connecticut. Democrats were
| in favor of this because they know that
the white men of South Carolina would
vote for all the negroes, winch Woulu De
SO much better i'll the chnrn ofthe Dem
! oor,,tic party. - They were opposed to
any change in this condition of affairs,
and wanted-"the constitution MS II ls.1
Both the President and Congress anrm
| thot there should be a change in the Da-
sis of representation. The President
was in favor of busing the representa-
ton upon the voters, leaving SN every
| state to say who should vote. Ihere
was a class of men in Congress VINO
were in favor of taking this powerfrom
the people; but that proposition dld
not meet with much favor, as eacn
State was Jealous of its own powers
In many of the Western States they ulu
not allow rebels to vote, although they
in Connecticut, allowed rebels TO vote.
The committee of reconstruction, when
examining this matter, found .ultncul1
ties presented in the rule lad down Dys
the President, the representatives oti Inc
| Northern and border States claiming
| fhnt IL the Presidents plan were adopt
| ed their State would lose power. Flnal-
| ly the committee hit upon plan Fhich
thew thought would meet Win
universal acceptancej which was
that representatives shalI pe aP-
portioned among the several 'Eotates
acc0rdinR TO their respective NUM-
bers, counting the whole number
Of persons in each State, provided 5that
the elective franchise shall not be de-
MED or abridged in any State on ac-
count of race or color. Every Union
man voted for this measure, and every
Democrat against it, because II took po-
| Iitic,l Tower away from rebels, which
| Democrats might want to use some
4 time. That proposition came. to the
/ senate, and was debated, and because
/ some feared that there might be buried
4 in the simple words that u State might
exclude people on account of race or
color. il was defeated, and the, matter
/ was postponed till lneXtweek-. phe dlI=
| ference between the President and Con-
gress on this point, was that OF 5tEsee- wee
dledum and tweedledee. ne ll pit
/ Sherman] did not believe that the peo-
| ME of NewIEngland would have right
4 10 complain ifthe ladies were counted
4 out. because their descendants IN the
/ in the Western States would be sure 20
/ vote New England principles. he dld
not think that the people would cry
about 1t very much if the unnatural-
IiZeCi foreigners in New York CITY were
! excluded from representation. II the
people wanted toaouse An1y llls,S'.l
On account of differing with Congress
4 on this point, they ought rather 70 dl-
4 far with those Union members OF Con
4 Tress VINO refused to help!to carry out
4 Ihis rIan. There was another point
4 mon which the President and Cons
gress differed, and that was how. iar the
/ elective franchise should be extended
to the negro population ofthe southern
States. He tthe Speakerl never could
1 understand how. anybody should be
i excluded from the elective franchise
merely because,he was black But ne
could understand why people might pe
excluded from that privilege on nc
count of condition. In his opinion the
negroes OF the South were mere children