davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12
New Converts.

heV. HcHIy w dIu bGecnol Hdo wiz
ten an eloquent letter in favor of the
Presidents policy. AsI'he New York
Evening Post, the oldest daily paper in
the city, has come out on the same
side. This course on the part of the
Post might at first sight appear a little
singular, but it is susceptible of the
easiest explanation. It's chief editor
for many years past has been the ven
cradle VIM. Cullen Bryant, the poet,
whose freesoil and free-trade notions
have been well known, and have been
supported with the utmost consistency.
Mr.. Bigelow, his associate, though a
gentleman of considerable ability and
editorial experience, in Difference to his
senior, has never exercised any control
over the editorial course of the Evening
Post. He could, therefore, hold his
French mission, and draw his $l7,50O
annum conscieniiously, while hispa-
per was denouncing the administration
of the man at whose sufferance his Office
was held, and his salary drawn. But
recently things have changed a little.
The venerable author of "Thanatopsis"
has had very near practical "view''
of "death" by passing through the val
ley of its shadow, and has left the
French minister the controlling occu-
pant of the Sanctum of the New York
Evening Post. Now the Minister to
the Court of ST. Cloud has doubtless
recently head, by means OF sub-ma-
rine telegraph, Or otherwise, that sthe
man who was made President by
Wilkes BOOTH has put forth new fea-
ture Of "my policy" to wit: that, after
the Fall elections, all ofice-holders and
office-seekers, who do not support the
administration, must stand aside and
make room for those who do. 1t has
been given out by this most Democrat
ic of all Democratic Presidents, that
the good old Democratic rule, ITO the
victors belong the spoils," is to have
full force and effect just as soon as "my
policy shall have prevailed las I'M
doubtedly it is expected to do) in the
coming elections. Now it does not be-
hooye the chief editor of "the oldest
Democratic paper in New York" to
give up his part Of the spoils (neaning
the $l7,500 per annun) simply for the
unenviable and untimely glory Of de-
parting from the old Democratic faith
and the old Democratic rule. Hence
the Evening Post, inspired thereto from
the precincts of ST. Cloud, and the
shadOW'Of the author OF the Life OF
Caesar" will do good service in favorof
"my policy" and will contribute to-
wards that great reaction in popular
sentiment which, we are told, is taking
place every day among our dearly
beloved brethren Of the North.
There is now only one leading paper
in the city Of New York, the Tribune,
which opposes the Presidents policy.
We do not, however, attach SO much
Importance to this fact. We can re-
member when there was not Demo-
cratic paper in the city, and yet the
Democrats could carry it by twenty
thousand majority. We hope the same
thing cannot be done now by our OPP
ponents, when there is corresponding
advantage, as regards the press, on the
side of the administration.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

II General Beast. Butler has been
nominated for Congress from the Fifth
District of Massachusetts and will be
elected. A small room viii be set
apart in the Capitol at the opening of
the next Congress where members can
deposit, in the keeping of faithful
custodian, their watches and other val
uables before entering the Hall of the
House Of Representatives.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

struck down by the defamer, these are my
sentiments and they will not change. AS
Edmund Abel I would not reply to your
unfounded assertions. As the Judge of
the First District Court of New Orleans, it
is my duty to repel them, and take this
public mode of addressing you, as it is the
public which has an interest in my servi-
ces. E.ABELL. 81
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12
Building Lots for Sale.

Tn our advertising columns all searchers
for good building lots will find something
TO crafty them. Nine lots have been
mapped out Of the front of the old Ogden
plantation, nearest to town, SO spacious
that ample room will be left after the pur-
chaser shall have subdiyided them five or
six-times. Oar Town is rising from her
ashes rapidly. Neither Yankee burnings
nor old Reds food has been able to dam
pen the energy of our people. Hitherto
the town could not extend because it was
surrounded by plantations. This sale is
the first attempt made to enlarge our pro-
portions.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

+ = VI
% Since the fall Of the Confederacy
the people OF New Orleans have been
somewhat extravagant in the purchase
OF spoons, and the sIlyersmiths OF that
city are said to make q most gorgeous
display of plate and diamonds in their
shop windows. Of these things that
predacious old brute, Butler, has heard,
and he is becoming frantic for another
chance at. the booty of the Crescent
CITY.
At political meeting of disunionists
in Massachusetts, few days since, he
referred to the late riots in New Or
leans, and said: eff this state Of things
cannot be altered, we will march once
more, and woe to him who opposes
u.s."
When this cowardly and cruel old
GUNNER" says .Ne,n he doubtless
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

To Charles Genois, a noble scion of
one Of the oldest AID most honored
Creole families of New Orleans, died a
few days since at the ripe old age OF
seventy-six. He was Mayor Of The city
in the blessed old days of peace and
contentmeut.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

A NOTIFYING MIsraKE.-A negro quar-.
tette club recently serenaded a sersent 10
tbehouseiofa geptlemanat st. Loais. Their
singing was excellent, and the Young ladies
ofthe family, deceived by darkness. though
that the party were Their own admirers, end
accordingly threw them bouquets, and went
into becoming State of excitement
When Che father OF the girls went out 70
ask the Ministries in TO refresh themselves,
the mistake was discovered.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

ne, We have again to report week of
The worst weather imaginable. Rain, rain,
nothing but rain has been our portion, day
and night, since last Wednesday evening.
The cotton what was spared by the Cater
pillar, is being badly ruined, the young
forms falling off fast. With continuance
Of such weather, we can hardly hope the
planters will make the siaah of an average
crop. Really, the planting interest in Ra-
pides, this year, seems to be doomed to
destruction, having suffered from all sour
ces of evils and drawbacks.
The River is rising pretty fast.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

sar The military authorities ofNew Or
leans, in an official report, give the number
Of casualties incident on the late riot in that
city as So killed, 4S severely wounded, and
9a slightly wounded.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

a9 The Washington Republican char
ges Secretary Stanton with partial respon-
sibility. for the New Orleans riots, andsays
that he withheld from the President Gen.
Baird's dispatch, before the riot, asking for
instructions.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12
Rio Grande Affairs.

The Rio Grande Courier, Of the Isl
LIST, says:
We noticed the drowning of the
courier from Ringgold Barracks some
few days ago. Another is reported
missing, with the official mail from
Brazos Santiago and Whites Rancho.
Between cholera, fever and a flooded
country, we experience a few Of the
ellis that flesh is heir TO-"
The cholera is chiefly confined to the
9th United States Colored Infantry. An
Austrian deserter died there, Of general
debility, on the Both.
The courier, Of the 3lst, says the Rio
Grande is higher than ever known, and
bids fair, in its overflow, to wash Mata-
moras away. There are eight feet nine
inches now on Brazos bar.
The Courier has San Luis papers
which announce the arrival there of
Marshal Bazaine, with the object. Of
opening an extensive campaign in
Northern Mexico. He is now organi-
ling troops in Queretaro and San
Luis.
The Journal de San Luis says that
France has no design of abandoning
Mexico to anarchy.
Additional arrests had taken place in
Mexico on the Doth Of July.
The Courier, Of the 28th, mentions a
rumor Of the recaptue Of Tampico by
the French.
It also contains Cortina's proclama-
ton at Camargo. He denounces the
expulsion Of Carvajal as a military
riot, and announces himself as Cover
nor ad interim.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

20 Gov. Bramlette has issued q
proclamation ordering an election to be
held IN the congressional district left
vacant by the resignation Of Gen. Rous-
seau. tits said to be thegenesal feeling
of the Democracy that Can. Rousseau,
if he desires it, win be returned.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

g The Black Republican National
Executive Committee have expelled
Hon. H. ]. Raymond, lis Chairman, for
an alleged abandonment of the princi-
Piles of the party.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

BIG RnLy.-The latest arrival brings a
barrel of strvchnine tanglefoot called
"Needle Gun" 1t is more destructive
than Jersey Lightning"
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

sea- Manuel bias opened Restaurant
under the Town Hall. We have known
rim since we were baby, and safely re-
commend him as every way worthy of pa
tronage in bis line.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

lT We publish, this week, the Cir
eular of tile women of noble old Viz
ginia, to the people of the South. Pc
ruse it, and our word for it, every one
will contribute his mite for cause so
noble and holy, as the collection of the
dust OF the fallen Confederate soldier.
A list for subscriptions can be found
at DR.. st. Johns Drug Store.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

To NJ. Drouyn DeL'Huys, the French
Minisserof Foreign Affairs has resign
ed and the Marquis De Monster been
appointed in bis place.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

EY Circuit Judge Harrison of Macon
County, Mo-, lately quashed an Indictment
against school teacher, indicted for teach
ipg without taking the test oath.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

saA A good tract of land, welfimprov-
ed, is offered for lease on shares, See ad-
vertisement of Mrs. Compton.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

sea. Beast Butler is building him a new
house at Gloucester, Massachusetts. 1t is
to be built of silver spoons.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

reg~ The Cuba, Una, Annie Wagley and
lizzie Tate have furnished our Office with
late New Orleans papers. Thanks.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

e We are obliged to the Red River
Express Company for file of New Or
leans Times.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

ssa. Mrs. Barlows School is now in full
operation. For terms, ETC., see card IN
another column
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

w We have received from Van Ev-
RE, Horton 81 Co., Publishers and Edi-
tors Of chat sterling, white mans Jour
nal, The New York Day-BooE, copy
of their youths History Of the Great
Civil Wa" We desire tocall particu-
lar attention to this book and enjoin all
parents not to fail to purchase copy
and place it in the hands Of their chill
dren so soon as they can read. 1t is a
fact, that with one exception, lit is the
only History Of the War not written
from an Abolition standpoint and is
only the History, adapted to the rising
generation, yet published, which is not
filed with abolition poison and venom
against us.
The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1866-09-12

eY Cholera is an awful scourge to
the human race, and is a moving along
steadily in the United States. But it
can be cured with little trouble and
less expense. A glance at the adver-
tisement Of Ham & Frederickson,
wholesale and retail Druggists. New
Orleans, and fair Trial Of their RENEE
dy will convince those, who may need
the use of q medicine for Cholera.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31
TEXAS ITEMS.

The Bastrop Advertiser OF the lth inst
saws two men were sent to the Penitentiary
for term of seven years each,-onc for
Rape and the other for theft.
The "Southern Banner published n;
Brennan, is rather severe on the HonOra-
BILE body at Austin, the Convention. It
says:
We must confess that we are disappoint-
ed, and We believe that the people of Texas
are disappointed, in the proceedings of our
State Convention.
1t was called together, as we conceive,
for the single purpose Of making in our
organic law such changes as would most
speedily restore us to our old position, as
one Of the States in the Union under the
protection and guarantees Of the Federal
Constitution.
To accomplish that end, but two things,
in our opinion, were necessary. One was
reputation of the secession ordinance.
The other was to abrogate, "Articie sIh, OF
the old Constitution, and to substitute in
its stead q provision, that African slavery
is forever abolished.
We all are anxious to pass as soon as
possible, from q Provisional TO regular
State Government The entire work of the
Convention, we think might have been
disposed Of in week, and when we see
that more than a month is consumed with
out any thing being accomplished except to
provide mileage and per diem to the mem
bers; the honorable gentlemen must not be
surprised, if they should hear an expression
of very deep and general Dissatisfaction.
The Indianola Times of the 18th comes
on half a sheet, apologies and promises
better in future. The Times deserves sue
cess. The Editor has been to New Orleans
got material for his job Office, and we sus-
pect material aid, and only wants some help
to aid him in getting out full sheet.
The Red Land Express Of the 18th pub
lished at San Augustine, says that section
was visited by heavy hail storm during
the week. 1t says "the ground was covered
with hail-stones about the size Of marbles"
How large is the marbles 10 which you COM
pare the stones?
The same paper announces the death, in
New Orleans, on 26th ult., of l. D. Thomas,
a very old and esteemed citizen ofsan Au-
gustine. Mr. I. came to Texas in 1925,
when che was q province Of MexioO-Rnd
was an active participant in the struggle
for Independence. One by one these old
Revolutionary fathers are passing away,
and soon none will be left TO tell 9th trials
in the early settlement Of the State.
The Express has most excellent leader
on ''The Signs Of the Times7-st the con
elusiou Ofvhich thus speaks Of ths convsn-
ton:
our STATE convsntion IL, also endeavor-
inc ~. b.lieve. 20 hArmonise the diseordhht
Elements. and out Of The chaotic fragments,
10 .reoresnise a state governnent Ihey
;nsivpsptly frovn down every sfori 70
r.iss The negro 10 the right Of suffrage nor
i n Al all. cerssin that they viii be as
ultra in any measure regarding sambo ns
Mr.. Hamilton would have them BE- iheF
are rranzlinr. liiils TO much, ever our
r-r-sri sfate CONSULTATION. sn1 renuot g.
-r.s eittsr raur1iis trrsneE = e-iiri y
- -fi-f sttt sly ~eii Firfrrsl s-t--i-
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

B9yWe see that q new paper is being
started at Palestine, upon the Office of the
"Tyler Journal" which has been removed
from Tyler to that place. We wish the
proprie tors much success. We know the
people Of old Anderson. They once sup
ported tpO papers in the palny days of
KnOwNothingism, but when it died its Or
gan rent oSt. The Advocate, published by
Mcclure & Dale, was suspended at the We
ry commencement of the war--the junior,
our old Bose, laid down the pen and grssped
the sword in defence of his country, and
was killedin terrible conflict in Virginia.
But we are depressing, we simply want to
wish the new enterprise success and hope
the good people there will foster and sus-
tain what they ought to have, good paper.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31
Dallas County Agricultural G. Ne
Ohanlcal Aakoeintion.

4 meeting Of the Directors Of this Asso.
cinllon, was appointed for Saturday III
l7lh inst, mud there we're present, JOIN
Jackson, Walter CGruth aud william {.
McCamy,
There being q bare quorum present, there
was no business done, except the appoint
ment Of o committee to discover, as far a
possible, the lumber ofthe association, and
those who are liable for lumber taken from
the Fair Grounds.
Anon McComas, VIM, IT, Hord and Gee
W. Guess, were appointed with instruction.
10 make diligent enquiry and search, AMI
report at tho next meeting Of the Director
The Board then adjourned TO meet again
on Thursday, April 9th.
IT. ID important that all tho Directors al
tend.
JNo. NJ. CROCKETT, sec'y.
Dallas, March, I'D. 1866.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31
STOVES. STOVES !

V,HE undersigned respectfully informs
Il the citizens Of Dallas and surrounding
counties that they have opened
stove, Tin. Sheet Iron and COP
per store. in the town OF DaiiaS' ~ ~
will keep constantly on hand conp-'.'
assortmentof Tin.ware and cooking-slo'5s'
We have made arrangements TO fe' u,
well known Charter Oak ana piamono
Rock, Cooking stoves, direct from the nan
ufaetnrers. thereby enabling US to cell hs
low as they can be bought this side Ct New
Orleans. .-,,
and all who may want anything in our linz
ct Houston prices, with transPor'Ation
added. .. ...l. ...-r.H
Tin-ware o. all kinds on hand and made
10 order. Roofing, GUttering and al Job
work done on short notice.
We solicit an examination Of our StoTss,
Tin and Pressed ware. q. ~
ALSO, Kerosins on Lamps ana fi1turtt
For sale At Northeast corner OF the 10
lie square-WAtt Caruth's old stand.
2stf HILL q BOHBt-
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

I 90. umIi.Uu Wu- founded OH broad,
correct my statcwauiiEa VyIuc.I les,
think so vet, 1t $50, ou.y when
70 seemed 10 bo Impossible, further
o. maintain n without haNrli ling
creator evils than would perhaps At
tend % -oVaralion, tha, | yielded my
assent, ia obedience 90 the voice of
Georgia 90 Try the experiment Just
rcmlting 40 disls,ruuNiy TO Us. In,
deed, during the whole auputahlc
conflict. q, was my opinion that
however the pending strilo might
terminate, 30 iaras thcappca! u Inc
sword vi, concerned, ALTER while
when the passions and excitement
OF the day should pass away, m adj
I iUslmcnt or arrangement would be
made upon continental PRINCIPLES,
upon q general basis Of reciprocal
advantage and mutual convenience,
on which the l nion was FIRST cstab.
,ishcd. My earnest desire, however,
Throughout ali, was, whatever might
he done might be peacefully done;
might DC the result Dt calm, dispas-
siopate and enlightened reason,
IcoEmg to the permanent interest
ard welfare Of all. And now, after
T ,hc severe chastilcmcnt of war, if
the general sense Of the whole coun.
Try, sboIl como had; IN rho ockrowI.
cjrmnn, or tbe ORIGINAL ossnmption
/ that II il for tbc hos, intcrcsts 6rolI
/ the Stotcs n mo % uritod no I ,rust
/ il will tho states stiIl beinr distinct
40 Tho h'Ilows brt ono oe no soo |
r.n ,,rcccivo M reoson whyNnnJcr
.ncb Observation-Disclosures 90 wboIc
Win ncorn commerce and honest
f,.innjshin with oIl nations and on.
| tonrliur alliances With none NAV
not enter mon n now carccr cvori-
/ iuriucrcased wondcrin thcoId world
| by the gronder achievements here.
after to he made Than any hcrctoforc
attained hv the ncorcf,l and bor.
monious worl,ir &c Of orr Nrncr;con
institutions ofsolfmovrrnmcnt All
this is nossjblo if t2c bcorts Of tho
noonJe be rirht II is nv earnest
wisb 70 SEQ f FondIv wouId 7 In
duIoe my fancy in pa2ino on spch q
r;r.trr,, oe ,bo r,tHro Wa H.
p'C.u'o " WV I"V'io i"i "i"'
rapture may we not suppose the
! spirits OF our fathers would hail its
opening scene from their manson
above; Such are my hopes, resting
on such contingencies but it, in
stead OF tins, the passions ofthe day
shall continue to bear sway, and
prejudice shall rule the hour, if q
conflict OF races shall arise, if ambi,
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31


NAvAL.-The London Army ana NA,y
Gazette SAYS the French are building MI l.
new iron-clad war Vessels raiber snor'
than otherwise, more for rapid hhnaiing 10
,etiou than FOR swifiness, either 70 chase
or RIM evsy. The Gazette draws the IN
f.r,nc. thai the French do not contemplate
. Gee, n iron-elsd vessels TO scour the
go =. heir sbort vessels would Be mani
ss.,ix unft f5r such n purpose. The Ga
,,fis ,dds that Englsnd has no vessels,
- eope With The feet Of rapid, improved
irop-clnd var vessels, which, the editor
saws. q vel fOundsd ru-or reports are 70
be built By the United States expressly TO
70 10 sea, make long Voyages travel fast.
and whale snyihing. nov sfdat. Ths Ga
zstts SAYS that England cannot Afford 10
sand sill in snch fnstters. il is general
II agreed By those Who are in authority,
that The English navy nIusi hsTesftsr Be Of
iron, and tot q Ssod; =-a(thase persons
ar of uria0l ihsf ibssszs- resssis the-ie
rissm a. last ff,sen boots ~ hour and
-.rr- r-ni u eHs-r1rs sire 80 rs-i
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

E@yFrom 3. L. Eiehey of Weatherford
we learn that the people Of Parker County
are living in constant dread Of the Indians
who have recently been very troublesome
on the frontier; be also informs US that the
wheat crops Of TarrAnt and Parker coun-
ties never looked more promisinE.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

EJJulius z. Levy & Co. WEEAbhehi.,
Texas, advertise this week very large
stock Of goods. You must resd his card ;
be has Everything nearly, and be sells very
low FOR easb. These energetic business
men are not content with the trade in Ellis
but have established branch house at
Csssr Hill. in this County. They want TO
suuplr. not only Ellis, bot the surrounding
counties With everything in the va Of
merchandise, from . esmbris Eessls to =
ThrnshiDr machine.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

4 Duiehman thus describes an accident ;
Vopee-loug ago-I vent into mine ab-
be orchard 70 Climb n behrtrse 10 Ess some
bsschss. 20 make mine wife blEnb bud
ding nit nud zen gets c1 De d9hnssi
rraueh. wells rren De iorsrrnost limb
nj rr- lsr o. brth siies oT De- Tsu-. -rs
--t-f o. -trts = 1e retri7fs g.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

EB-Col. n. II. Taylor Of Bonhnm. in
private letter TO the Editor Of this paper,
says he is candidate for Congress in the
District in which Dallas is situated, as yet
We are not informed as to what Counties
compose this District.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

rTWill not some Of the enterprisiug
owners Of the numerous Saw Mills in East
cru Texas, send US some Pine lumber; it
would command fabulous prices in Dallas
At this time
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

rGS.e the advertisement of shml T.
Moseley & Co, Jefferson, Texas. This is a
good firm, and our business men and CAPT
talists will find it to their interest, no doubt,
TO correspond with them.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

n%The department has established q
mail route from Dallas to Weatherford, and
the mails will be carried regularly once =
week, Mr.. Norton has been appointed P. u.
Of WeAtherford.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

nz-Messrs. Hill Bowen, advertise their
new arrival Of Stoves, Tin, Copper, and
Sheet Iron, and many other things which
are ussfui,-indeed almost Indispensable.
Give them q call.
Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1866-03-31

Ez-Thc P. NJ. at Dallas has received from
Washington large number Of postage
stamps, which he will sell 10 those who wish
% purchase.