Ashtabula weekly telegraph. [volume] (Ashtabula, Ohio) 1853-1873, 1866-02-24

imposed, Il 10 accountable TO the power which
established 1t, but not TO the rest Of the
world. .f, .a r
10 chapter thirty three. section six cen,
The author applies the laws Of war to the
United States, and holds that the Presi.
dent, ss Commander. ib. Chief, may establish
government over conquer territory,
but that Congress may ut any time put an
end to such q government and organize q
new one. r.ls t.
1t was decided by the Supreme Cour'
Of the United States, 10 reference TO The
Mexican war, that . ~ go
On the conquest Of country the President
may establish provisional government, WHICH
u'ny ordaio laws and institute judicial system,
which will con,inue 10 force after the war and
until modified by the direct legislation Of Con-
gress or by the territorial government establish.
ed BY its authori,y.-9 Ho,vard, p. els.
From these authorities aud from the
facts in the case il is evident:
l.. That, by conquest, the United States
obisined complete control Of the rebel
territory. n'g
2. That every vestige Of municipal
authority in those States was. by secession.
rebellion. and the conqrest Of the rebellion
utterly destroyed.
3 That the state of war did not termi'
nate with the actual cessation Of hostiities.
hat that under the laws Of war IL was the
duty Of the Presiden', as Commander Ia.
Chief, to establish governments over the
conqnred people of the ipsurgent States,
which governments. 10 matter what may
be their form. are really military govern.
msuts, deriving their sols power from the
President. afi
That the governments thus establish
ed are valid while the state OF war con
tinue. aud until Congress acts 10 th case.
5. That it belongs exclusively TO the
legislative authority Of the Government to
dete, mine the political status OF The insur
g,u, States. either by adopting .he govern
ments the President has established, or 9y
permitting the people to form others, Sub
iect to the approval OF Congress-.
The President might have sent major
general o. any other military "ehcer to
govern each one OF the rebel States. Bu!
he chose to consult the people aud ailow
them TO adopt from OF government SO
nearly resembling civil government that
they might the more easily come back to
their places by aud by. But it was none
the less O military government Tor thai
reason. On any other ground the whole
cou. Sc of the President would have been
All uuwarrautable usurp.tion. rlrt.
Now. holding first that the President had
full authority in the matter, l ask, how
long does his authority last? IL is clearly
settled by the authorities TO which i have
referred that his authority lasts until Con
| yress speaks. So long rs Congress Is aiieBl
the governments established oy tue rtes'
lent will remain i'a
IL is now time, Mr. Speaker, that Coz
gress should lake its declaration of polio.
and priuciple iu refrepce to these govern
,n,n,si Tar us not onnr-l with the pas,
n .ea.oo.. ,hs f,,nre h.F.us
uo' -. % nv 80. i, rho ,,.s, ha, No
been all we could desire. Iu one impo
tant particular wish it had been difieren
When he appealed to the people of tb
South 20 cooperate with him iu estsblisf
ing lis military governments great
regret that be did not appeal to oil th
loyal people regret that be did 10
recoguizs the rights aud consult the wisbe
Of those loyal millions who were made fret
aud made citiz:us alec by the events .
q the war. e.a- H- a"Ha
Bnt let that pass What be did he hat
b. right TO do; what remains TO be done i
for Congress aud the President IN the
legislative capacity TO determine. Oa
| rights In ibis direct ion are as ample as, thu
rights of conquest What are theyY
read from Woosey. page 23l. the lates
uIterance OF pubLc, law mads with diree
reference to Vur war: 3 ss Qss stf a atl
When a wnr end. To, the ais advantage
the insurgents. municipal Law ma y ciiuch Ii
nail wh'ch war has driven. may hang. ailer i
gal process, instead oi sh"ot'og. and cons.ca'
the whole instead u pleoae,'pg part pm
WISE anu CIV I'a",nau pa'on "m .N.S ;n. o
,"s,;no "Sin - ',sscs ;nnsr;o"siy d,.,nand '"NN'
3,, =,
These capaclous powers are Ia our nsnd
iloy Shall We use tbemf agree WIN m
friend t'om Connect'cu' Mr. DEhiSG
that We need not apply ihe ",ias',ma
Jus to these conquered people. we shou'
10 nothi, 3 Inconsistent WIN .he sp'rn 40
genius Of our ins'''u 'ous. we snonld q
nothing Tor revenge, oa' eve'y'nlng y