The New York herald., 1866-02-22
Ecua dor.
TOPOGRAPHY AND SrATISTrOg.

TOPOGRAPHY AND SrATISrf0g.
Ecuador Vs. like its right and loft hand neghbors New
Granada and Peru, a truly mountainous country. The
climate varies with the elevation Of the surface Although
lying directly under the equator many portions Of the
sGe enjoy delightful temperature. The coast Is
low hot scky bat the eastern slopes and plateaus
Of tho mountain ranges have warm but not hot climate
The Pachc has many indentatons few OF which,
however, form Good hsrbors; and Guayaquii is the only
port Of importance.
The area of the State is 2S7 638 square miles The
population in 1858 04O37l, Of whom GOO 900 were
whites The principal cities Quito, the capital which
has population Of about 00 and Guayaquil ~ 900 in
habant The Of the state in 1858 amounted to
$99l 750 the expenditures TO The imports
1851 amounted to the value OF $50 and the
ports to 81 $50 The public debs is about $50 000
The State has standing army regular navy but The
militia called the National Guard numbers 2S 600 men,
organized into twenty regiments of Infantry and eight OF
csyary.
IT'S HISTORY.
Francisco Pizaro and Alvarado conquered Ecuador with
four hundred and fifty men 1882 The province merely
vegelacd under Spanish rule, which lasted until 1890
when, with Peru New Granada and other States, and
under the lead OF Simon Bolivar 1t declared and man-
tanned independence From 1921 to 1924 Ecuador New
Granada and Venezuela under the name OF Colombia,
fought the Spanish forces and finally defeated them. In
lS2829 they with Peru whose forces they de-
feated Ecuador seeded from tho Colombia oonfcdera
ton in 1884, and has since been independent republic
From 1881 to 1882 however, the state did not enjoy
very profound peace being by internal dissensions
In tho Inter General Flores peace to the State
IL 1855 General Franc. R0bes became President
Dur his administration war with Peru disturb tue
public peace but Of short duration Flores, who
had been the chief dsturbcr of the State Tor quarter OF
century, established provisional government In 1862,
after short with tho legal powers under Garcia
Moreno In 1868 Flores declared against the United
States Of Colombia and the two Powcrs the latter named
under General Mosquera, went TO war; Flores invaded
Colombia n January, 1854 but was severely defeated,
and glad accept the peace which M0squera pro-
posed In February 1884 Flores failure upset his gov
onmcnt He succeeded by Pres dent Garcia Moreno,
In February, 1884 Less than six months afterwards
rebellion begun against Moreno; but in October io
lowing he defeated the rebels and captured and shot tho
principal leaders
THR GOVERNMENT.
Tho following Is the government Of the state as Al
present constituted
PRESIDENT. Joeo AnSOnD Oaftiou.
Tho ministry Is not known.
SKETCH OF rHH PRESIDENT.
IL s exceedingly difficult TO obtain any roltable In
formation regarding the leading OF South America
their sntecelents politically and otherwise. yhe fro
pever before heard OF their respective States Tho
President of Ecuador General Jose Antonio Carron,
rs new mar tc history All we know Of him ID that
he lawyer and professor and that he succeeded
President Garcia Moreno In September last Under his
aim straon Ecuador has signed the treaty with Chhe
Peru and Bolivia and has, like Colombia vrtuay Joined
\ In ths war AGAINST Spain.