Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1866-01-20


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ordinate to the peOpl-. Il nu-' be hsla
==r .;c- 20 rrero;al'ss. which IN them
selves. oush, never to he granted. and
which. where they exist. must be subordi-
nate and yield to the Government. The
Constitution ccnfrrs on Congress the right
to regulate commerce among the sevral
States. 1t is Of 'hs first necessity for the
maintenance of the Union that commerce
should be free and unobsiructed. No
State can be justified in any device to tax
the transit of travel and commerce be:
tween the States. The position of many
States is such that if they were allowed
to take advantage Of it for purposes Of
local revenue, the commerce between the
States might be injuricusly checked. OF
even virtually prohibited. 1t il best,
while the country is still young, and while
the tendency to dangerous monopo.ies of
this kind is still feeble. to use the power
of Congress SO as to prevent any selfish
impediment to the free circulation of men
and merchandise. A tax on travel 4Dd
merchndise, in their transit, constitutes
ono Of the worst forms or monopoly, and
the evil is increased if coupled with !
denial of the CHOICE of route. When The
vast extent Of our country is considered,
It is plain that every obstacle to the free
circulation Of commerce between the
States ought TO be strongly guarded
against by appropriate legislation within
the limits Of the Constitution. ,dT
REPORT OF THE sEtRETARY OF THE m.
.,, TERROR. o.
The report of the Secretary Of the 1n-
terror explains tue condition Of the public
lands, the transactions of the Patent Ofice
and the Pension Bureau, the management
Of our Indian Affairs, and the ,pFogrvss
made in the construction Of the. Pacitc
Railroad, and furnishes Information ,,ip
reference to matters Of local interest W
the District Of Columbia. 1t also presents
evidence Of the successful; operation Of the
Homestead Act. under the provisions l!Df lDf
which 1850, ,533 acres Of the public lands
were entered during the last fiscal. year
more than one. fourth of the whole, mum:
bsr Of acres, sold or otherwise disposed of
during that period. Il is. estimated, that
the receipts derived from this soarcs j
sufficient to cover tho expenses incident
to the survey and disposal Of the landp
entered under this act, and that, payments
in cash to the extent Of from forty TO h
ty per cent. will bs made BY aettlers, ,Y
may thus. at any time. acquire title before
the expiration Of the period at which y
would otherwise rest. The homestsaydd
policy was established only after long, And
earnest resistance. Experience provesite
wisdom. The lands ip the hands Of H.
dustrious settlers. whose labor creasfp
wealth and contributes 70 tue public Ires. e
sources, are worth more to the United
States than if they had been reserved y
. solitude for future purchasers. ..,o, IN
The lamrptabls events Of NE last toar
years, aud the sacrifices made BY tho gsl-
LIANT men of our army and navy. havs
swelled the records Of our Pension BH-
ran to IN unprecedented exteut. On ge
30,h day Of June last the total numbssq r
pensioners was ss. .9s6-reqsiriag fes tGe~
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