New Oregon plaindealer. (New Oregon, Iowa) 1859-1866, 1866-03-02

T.
snail prescribe. No previous present.
ment is required, nor any inl,ctmert
charging the commission of q crime
against the laws: but the sri,! must
proceed on charges and spccifca ions.
"e punishment viii he not what the
law requires, but such as a court ug1r
'lal may thiuk proper; ard fror, these
arHtr2ry tri'.unas there lies no sr-
peal, 10 writ of error 10 arv If tie
courts, ia which the constitution of the
United States vests exclusively the il
'hcla' power + the country, while the
te''Nory and the class Of actions and
Offences that are made subject 70 this
measure are so extensive.
The bill itsels, should it become n
law. will hnve.no Limitation in p it, vf
time, but will firm part Of the per-
'nanent Legislation Of ;he country.
cannot reconcile System of mill
tary Jurisdiction Of this k,nd with the
words OF he constitution, wksch declare
that "no p rson shah be lelA 70 a,.-
sSer for capital sr otherwise i,.f4-
'nons crime, unless on pres4ntmen, or
Indictment Of grand jury, except H..
eases arising in the land or naval fur
css, Or in the militia when in actual ser.
wee IN time If war or public arser,,'
ann that Sin al! cri,ninal prosecutiors
the accused shall enjoy tho ri-h: t. n
spec iy. and public trial hy an impartial
jury 0: the state Or d $ ric,, wherein the
crime shall have been committe l."
The safrguarls which the wis,!o,n and
expe'le:ce Of ages 'ausht Cur f,,hcrs
tn establish as securities for the pro-
'ec'ion Of the innocent, the punishment
If the guilty. and the equal ahtninls>ru.
'Ion ot Justice. are to be sec asld. al j
70 he set aside for more vigorous III.
terpesltion. In the hope Of Justice We
are to take the risk Of the many acts ii
'njus ice that would of necessity follow
IRON an aim0s: countless iu:nt.er e
agents established in every pa,isI. or
cu, MY, IN nea'!y IL third # The srates O.
n. ~, N, ever whose decision Il ere i. t j
he no sub >eryi.,son or control by The fed.
eral courts.
., be p,w wer tia wo:'d be thus placed
10 the hanas of the p.resi'.'ent is such as
in time oe peace certainly ou.':At never
TO he entrusted to suy one mn.
If it be asked whether the Erection
OF such trihuna! Within state is arr-
ranted as Il measure Of war, the cues
ito" Immediately presents itself whet!.-
er we are engaged III war. I.at Us MI
unnecessarily disturb the commerce
credit and industry Of the eouuiry ly.
declaring TO the American people auA
the world that the UnIte States are
still IN a condition oi civil war.
At present there is no part Of our
country IL which the authority Of the
United States is disputed. Ofenc.s
that may be committed by ;ndvl luals
should not work fo'fei ure otthe rights
Of entire communities. The country
has entered upon or is returning to a
state oi peace and industry, and the re-
helion is in fact at an end. Tie
measure therefore seems TO be as incon-
sister, with the actual condition Of the
country as it it is at variance will the
Constitution Of the United States.
Ii, passing from < leral considera-
tons, We examine the bill in detail
it is open to weighiy o'jfc,ions, l.
time Of war, it WAS eminen'ly prq,ei
that Se should provide for lhvse " l5
were sndhenly passing from conditions.
OF bondage to "a state of freedom This
bill proposes 70 wnke the freelnru'o
bureau, established by the acl Of 1865.
one {. mary great and extraordinary
military measures 10 suppress IA fo'mi
able lebelii"n--A permanent branch
# the public administration. with i,s
powers greatly enlarged. I have no
reason to suppose, and DO not under
stand it to be alleged, that the nct Of
March 1865, has proved deficient for
the purpose for which it WIS passed,
although at that time and for consid.
erable period thereaf,ar the nnvern