New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-10-06
THE SOUTHERN STATES.
THE SOUTH AS IT is.
CONDITION OF GEORGIA AND ALABAMA.

Tar. an one who honestly put full faith
IN whatever pcrained 10 the doctrine Of State Rights, as
that was interpreted by Secessionsts. have had my
,mpahec If not my active share II the endeayor 10 give
hese Rights practical being above debatable theory.
Ihv ben through the aort as the effort and watched
ia phases while there probability in its temporary sue
,es and seen il wane utter failure Since that event
have had an excellent opportunity of surveying the whole
Sela and testing The condition Of things and thoughts
o,ssoueDt on the collapse The impressions which have
EARNED and settled in my mind the result OF all hls may
not be unacceptable unmporant OF the present stage
Nv first experiences after the die east in 1861, were
gathered in Alabama and Georgia Throughout both these
States very strong undecurent howed rom me outset
nj Tho contest against the extremists North and South.
Won could 20 nowhere without IN some form or other,
epcountcrng ildisgused dlspeaSuTe al the eagerness
With which hOsthtes invited by Southern leaders,
and nowhere that the who mutered this dlsatsiae'
ton against the chiefs of their own section did not dcP0Ie
the coercve tendencies OF those AZ the other section Ifs
was particularly the prior TO the attack on sumter
After that IL conceded by oil the moderss that the
North could hardly DO else than 10 did and efforts al CO
scion then doomed not only inevitable but to some
extent desmbe. The Union element which was by force
OF circumstances, mufed soon slumbered as completely
ssf Il lived not. BAT 10 did live and found occasional
vents for its expressions IN the exryagant schemes oil he
Montgomery Congress That all the executive and other
officers of the infant COnfedccy regulated teir salaries
ii which the old Government deemed right
for and dignity, became fertile source OF
arrogance which the UniOnis fastened as on the safest
excuse manifest their deeper dstrust But the excite
OF The lrS OntUufkt OF
iEterchauged by North and South, swept the Union
sentiment aside and compelled il 70 shelter itself
in Q silent, sullcn acqmcsccnce. All the pTacicd
OF trading pollticians-or pretty nearly all
were in the front Of the effort, and the thinking men
whose hands were In little furnished with the CoDgs or de-
signs of tapoOm patriots held down their heads ana held
SXed their tougues THIS constrained reuceucewas pretty
eepeay accepted proof that Union sympathy was aD-
oInteiv dcfprct Indeed il would have demanded the
shrevdest penetration TO detect its existence Gradually
most of the who nururcd II IN their hearts We're led
Of by the increasing enthusiasm, and many Of them iound
themselves in the field or equppne thclr sons to INC
Sed before hcT began realize that there was an inner
ropAict-one which made war between Iheir sclce
Of higher duty and the wild emotions th1t uS I
the course into which they were ulltcd. Iho;e
men made none tle worse soldiers AID, as Iule,
were sauncher uphodcrs Of the Confederate cause
than were the original secesSonsts. II was only Whel
tbe question of ofieeinGuental observation-disclosures
I'D that they were OwDcd down or Facing the zoe thcr
former procyite never thrown IN men races Dul'
the instant any Of them put forth hand tor such loayes
and fishes ms were near him. Union shouted at him.
Thus it became endangering TO the popularity OF the
President or the head # Department 10 favor any Of the
who had lifted warning voice 40 inc past, VI VINO
were vchcmcny outgpoken in their resolve to 90 OF
die rather than have tie old flag wave again over their
heads These were say welcome 70 lose lie ana
limb but gain Of the sweets Of power And most
Of them did risk all with as unsunted Devotion as the
oudest toned thundercs for perpetual separation They
who resisted or oyaded all Inducements 70 do battle or
who openly defed every attempt at temptation or COERCION,
very few and not in most cases, the SHINING
lights Of their friends or sympaihzers Ihey were
not il is also true the politicians Of their ncslbohoods,
ard in the calm past they stood aloof from the manu-
sle0f by the manufactured statesmen.
Strange may 10 You, u is not 90 much from
those men, in either Of the States have now N view that
the best and pGrest Union men OF the day can De gatd
Allowing the Others 70 possess unbrOkcn political H.
segfity, and granting that the stigma OF "rebe does
not attach 10 them the reconstructed gentlemen Of the
AMY, who hudded into the vortex under emotional
OF other pressure represent at this moment the snceTct
and most dOcle class Of Unions yOu md either IN
Georgia Alabama. Such men as Alexander stephens,
and Herschell V. johnson and BENJAMIN Fitzpatrick
among the political better classes are as looughly Union
today though they were never sueecssIy No0tu Dy
The siren song Of session. / doubt If W. i. Yancey
living that he would be found lar IRON inc same CON
ditOn of submissveness. Henry a. Wise Of virginia Is
notable example Of the good effect on that class, OF
the compulsory acceptance Of the destiny Of defeat. But
o. him may have something 70 say whom glance at tie
aspect Of things in Lie own State.
Throughout ali the rural districts Of Georgia and Ala
bama the people glad that things arc 10 worse and
only grumbe the result IN so far as II has ref them OF
The property advantages and means OF speedily recDsh
ing their empty Golfers and aTdeTs wan very lew eA-
cepiOns the planters accept the situation III good allh
and strive in every way within their power to cooperate
Tor The material IA well as the political ana SOCIAL fco
TrUctOn Of their section. II IS only IN the towns and
sOand the hotel baTIOOms andJgrOccy gToegenes that
fhe smoldering cbers of the recent contagTaon emit
nosome sparks-a the il-havOred because Of the
drenehng whence the scky spark gntes Northern men
we're beginning 10 settle in many towns OF Georgia and
Alabama bat, ! fear that they and their mueh-needed
capital and enterprise chilled of by peveTse spirit O.
xon-ineTcOurse and other dseOuagements ms II ohy
specially true Of the towns IN the country regions may
planters arc eager 10 divide their properly On e9u~De
terms in order 20 develop fully as possible inc
agricultural resources which abound ana Whch
WOefuly neglected mean as much ~ the hpaeAcc
cf the best by the presence Of vast land tracts on
which the husbandmans toll has Lot even been tcd.
With all the advantages claimed by The south for the
ssve system Of &bor this labor system haa al no
in instance through Georgia and Alabama been pushed
1.-THE Of the opportunities which nature iaNlshW
afforded The planters now, in places remote from towns
net actual labor and ola better order Than they ever
kre got II will not be much owing 10 the derange
mens nseperable from the sudden change IN Their labor
sxsism as from paucity Of means and corfehuVe cause,
fbs there will be any falling of IN tie crop supphes
venture predict that with htle lddici0us adlAule
AZ Northern enterprise and skill, vel IS the
influence Of little capital the present LABOR system,
corrected by this seasons experience, VIII ehaDe we
slapter in those States produce larger and better crops
nett year than they hoped TO realize Ondr the o9
system And iu this opinion many OF those win NhOm
eonversed conclr notwithstanding this, am bound 10
that the Freedmens Bureau is not generally POPULAR
70 NV thinking IL arises from two causes one that II -
in any way connected with the Government another tEat
The whites dsIh the idea OF not being Entrusted WIFE
the regulation % the labor question themselves Not
few whom t.lked on the subject, Nhhe openly con
sespn0 first admitted that II was essen
nal TO the due adjustment OF TIE mater mat 10
kseSmen should be IN this sort Of pnpilags i1I
q year or So Nv idea IS that II would ials
m with both employer aud employed we're IT other
wise thsn il present Is. At first sore sn Tie snb
oe the planters daily getting more and more recon
iled Al first In confusion the blacks are growing every
moment more familiar with their position and ticking to IT
kindly Whsn 10 Invested Of the seuslons Whch were
fostered on the Of their Liberation. lt IS i0ly TO
pretend, have seen il set forth tbs the negroes AZ:
universally delighted with their liberty have BOT
yst met with in these States who would taks any
terms for return 10 the most favorable e0nQitiSE OF 1"h
dsge True enough, they not al very cohtshtsa ana
many Of them of than they ever were a. slaves
bet that would incite the worst % to DO sgsh
sntarcd OF this and facts german 10 It, shall nave
nOfs t. Gay 81 another communicated
SOUTH CAROLINA.
TDUcATox-PovERTY OF TIE rEoPLE-Tns LEsI'LA-