The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1866-02-10
Population--Census 1850.
Total. 1000
2,7I6 67,OS

new census is, by law, ordered to be taken
the present year lS66), and there is considerable
interest as to whether there has been any great
decrease. 1t is probable that the native popula-
ton has fallen off, while the hafcaste and for
eign has increased, but to what extent is only
matter of conjecture. The fact, however, that
the natives have never been fully employed in
the various calls of industry, and that the de-
mand for labor has never been so constant and
urgent as now indicates some improvement in
their condition, and, it is hoped, will result in
checking their decrease, as Incidence has been
their great curse.
The Government
is MOnarchial, our ruler being the fifth of the
EAMEuAMEnAs. who, in the administration, is
assisted by foreigners and natives. 1t is ex-
tremely favorable To the immigration of foreign
ers, who are allowed to purchase ard hold land
in fee simple and enjoy all the privileges of the
courts and laws equally with the native born
Taxes are light, if we take England or the
United States as examples, and foreigners are
subject To the same taxes natives. Lands can
be leased or purchased, generally, with little
trOuble and, as the islands embrace lands ex-
tending from the warm and dry shore to an
altitude of IA 900 feet any climate Of the torrld
or temperate zones can be selected. The revenue
of the government is not far from S4OO 900
per annum, one half of which is derived from
duties on foreign importatiOns, and the residue
from internal taxes of various kinds The pro-
portion to each person of the entire population,
counting men, women and children, is about
six dollars per head.
The Area
OF the group is set down ut 6.O6O squares miles,
and it is thought, at very low estimate that
one-eighth Of it, or say 500 600 acres, is adapted
to grazing and agriculture. OF this, 100000
acres are supposed to be suited TO cane culture,
and capable of producing 200 600 900 pounds Of
sugar when under full cultivation. At present
large tracts. suited to cane, are neglected, or
devoted only TO grazing, from want OF capital
and labor As a general rule, drOughts are rare,
and rain sufficiently abundant, in all localities,
both for grazing and agricultural purposes.
On the four larger islands fine sugar planta-
tions are established in progress, varying
from two hundred TO FIVE thousand acres in ex
tent On these some of the largest, most
complete and expensive sugar mills ever con-
strueted in any country, driven by steam or
water. and capable of manufacturing six to ten
tons of sugar Il day. No country in the world
can boast of finer mills or plantations, or more
perfect arrangements for the cheap and sue
cessfuI manufacture of sugar and molasses than
this. New plantations each year COM
meneeJ and some of the new localities are
found to be as favorable for the culture of cane
and the manufacture of sugar as any OF the
older ones. We look upon this as most in
viting field for the investment of foreign capital,
and one that promises large return to those
embarking in it, with very little risk As
matter Of interest abroad we give below list OF