The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-05-20

okai JusuCc prudence tnAL the ioducrs oi
the rebellion should be banshed from the halls
OF legislation, the Of justice and tho seats Of ad
ministraton, and equally clear that time should
soften the asperities Of . hostile population
before they were permitted TO exercise She
elective franchise. With all Difference 70 tho
opinions of Others he thought these men had bus,
ness before Congress but to plead for pardon He would
pay 70 these fallen chiefs the tribute due TO men who
were brave in bad cause; and he would give them the
privilege 10 live and die IN unmoested obscurty The
governments OF the nsurgent States should be reorgan
loyal and this could only be reached by requiring rs
conditions precedent to restoration hrst that the civil
and military leaders Of the rebellion who naturally create
and direct the public opinion OF the South shall be made
ineligible TO Office under the United States govern
ment; second, that the rights OF the freedmen and
the safety OF the government be secured by granting
suffrage to the liberated Withholding 1t temporarily
from the dsoyal; third that the elective franchise
and an equal distribution Of political power shall DO pro-
tected by q decrease in the basis OF representation
where impartial suffrage dened by such proportion Of
the whole population the DISTINGUISHED males above
twenty years OF age bear 10 the whole male p0pu
laon above that In regard to the coored people
OF the South he thought there could be little danger
learn 1t seemed TO him that in view Of their loyalty
and humanity and bravery during the that that was
legitimate result OF the war, and that TO withhold II
and the plishted faith OF the republic. But
he would not insist on his views nor make
his convictions an obstruction to the restoration
OF a cordial union and fraterna intercourse With the
South. Congress must ask nothing more and accept
nothing ess than what necessary TO tho future peace
though limited by intelligence and military service
would undoubtedly be Of ansive and humilatng to the
South for would conflict with pride OF caste and with
their settled convictions that political subordnaton
tho dviney appointed condition OF black men, The
policy OF Congress should be 70 punish the leaders but TO
elevate and inspire with confidence the masses who had
been cheated forced into the rebellion II were TO
be people tho deep, dark chasm which had opened
In history, which had puzzled the skill OF the wses
be spanned by frank and manly concessions and
mutual forbearance until the growth OF other times
should have obliteracd tho borrd breadth In concu
lian I'm IN hgla ha nf lp
safety and perpetuity OF the Union. Let US do our
work in the spirit OF Christian charity and in our adm
ration of men of noble nature and heroic mould who
dared stand like heroes at the threshold OF their
hearthstones in defence of bad and wicked cause let
and Of brotherhood which shall embrace every State and
citizen In broad and seagrt domain rich in its
mountains and rich In its plains blessed in Its climates
and blessed IN It's peoples.
Mr. Ross ldem) OF III next addressed tho Holse
The fret and greatest of the practical issues before the
country rcstoration Of the Union with amicabe
and fratcrna relations between its different sections
The objects for which the prosecuted had
been auhoritavely enuncaied by resolutions OF Con
gress and that platform, acquicsced in by every
department Of the government The rebellion had been
suppressed, peace restored and the Union maintained
nmosty had begun TO give way sectional pickering TO
be hushed confidence to revive and the Executive had
inaugurated and successfully carrying out policy
for civil authority which commended itself TO the coun
and the civilized world at the time when Congress
convened These bright visions and cherished hopes
had received their first rude shock when the Speaker Of
tho House. In his serenade speech, sounded the key
Of opposition the restoration Of the Union the
phrase that Congress should make haste slowly The
sentiments enunciatcd that carefully prepared speech
by ID the ablest and most distinguished OF his party
had foreshadowed Enthusiastically, the purpose to thwar
the Executive his policy for the restoration OF the
Union. We believed that the Reconstruction Committee
was created for the purpose oi preventing restoration
thus had successfully carried out the objects
aud purposes for which II ushered into existence
Tint committee was opposed to the restoration o: the
Union and the Union would never be- restored so Ions
as that committee had the power TO prevent II
He disappointed In the action of the committee.
Accord all parliamentary rules and usagcs II should
have been constructed with majority favorable TO the
object with which II specially entrusted He feared
the orphan CHI Id OF reconstruct would
ceve much nourshnent from the breast OF its unnatu
raj unfriendly mother Like military courts martial
the committee had been organized convict Its obcc
had been to discover and destroy not to restore ana
build up. The southern people had committed grave
error and been guilty Of great wrong In wsgng wa
against bcnehcent government, and they had been
L greatly humiated and severely punished In the
perjury and peRtencc they asked To come back He wa
frank say that he had heart 10 turn his back upoI
the returning penitent II there were still roots Of bit
terncss sprngng up In in the hearts of the Southern
people, the surest and most expeditions way to eradicate
them by Justice tempered with mercy. Tive antago
nistic plans radically different pending befor
Congress and country. Those wcrefrsi the plan
the COMMITTEE Of Fifteen OF Union dead States
conquered provinces and public enemies 10 be taxo'
without representation aud governed by arbitrary force
Secondthe plan Of tho President That the ordinances
OF secession void that the States still live and are
in the Union that taxation without representation Il
against the genius Of government that legally elect
cd loyal should be admitted TO their seats
In on thtse hc could not doubt as u
his and should cordially the
policy Of the administration in prefer 'nce 20 the de-
structive policy OF Congress One would hnld up-ih'
other would destroy Ono was life, the other death
| the nation.
Mr. NEwsLL trcpl Of n. j., next addressed tho Hous'
In favor Of such increase Of the tariff rs will tend
protect and develope the manufacturing interests Of h
country He showed that In no Instance was free trad
the absolute rule in my nation On the contrary tru
civilization sought 10 build native industry a. the for
seeks instruct the child the ;,
livelihood National art should be protected and fosterc
by the government individual art by the parent tn
history OF civilization nothing but series Of step
by which had ubdued nature To the uses OF society
under the protection Of great central authority; and
nations grew older the duties Of the central authority
became more varied and more protective The doctnn
that that the bost government which governs least h
| regarded faIacy aud contrary TO all experience
either regards this any other nation. AeSandc
Hemiltons was The true idea OF govern rnen in conra
nctlon Of that Of Jefferson The latter tended toward
State rights and secession, the former towards nat ona
unity and power The dea 81 Jefferson had been Tough
out TO the last resort-tha ~ itscf; the Idea o
Hamilton survived the Of the rebellion and was III
ony eonniry az ytpe oply IN he ars, nag
Of national existence manufactures bciny neees-ar
to devciope It's resurces 10 vary employ neni and Thu
~ afford the means Of giving every man an opportuni,
TO follow the bent OF his genius Artificial, like natura
life requires variety In order 20 It, moro perfect deve
opemcnt The Internal trade Of the country vau
| bic BY millions than the foreign trade. prcsenic
| bit two eventualtes b. the American peofl'
either under II they must see their manufaciorir
| destroyed else their mechanics must work ~
the starvation wages Of Europe The result i
| either would DO revolution Tie America
Qcchnbc must nave the comforts ana uxuricj q
Ee. Agriculture N the great central interest Of III
country but like the must have Us planets 70 u
yove around " It's beuents would become fssi.atef I
empty space Tho burden Of taxation would fall on IL
foreign manufacturer aud the real red wealth Of thi
country. This the In Great Britain The manu-
featuring districts Of the Union pay threcfo1rb
of the internal revenue while protection n create
than before This was driving many domestic manufsc
lures such steel iron, potter kc-, from the held
The nood Of foreign importations was also tending q
deranre the finances of the country Imports Ia
| creasing while exports were decreaeinz The sale Q
United States bonds in Europe was now paying the bal
OF trade against These bonds should be reane,
| at home, or by and by the drain o. specie 10 pa
interest them would be like extractne the life bloc
from the national body. Protect American industry an
foreign capitalists would be forced 10 come 10 this countrl
a. To splendid field Tor their operations During III
the high rates OF exchange having this effect
| aud many manuactories we're then established By
| foreigners He went into description OF tbs manu-
featuring and agricultural resources Of New Jesey
showing by statistics that for ~ extent and population
u ercelled by State in the Union In these ~
fpects He spoke q various new manufactures laiel,
established In the state, aud cited the statemnt mai'
by John stuart Mil, In the British Parliament. fer
weeks since, 10 show that Great Britain could oni,
for comparatively short period IN The future contro
the manufactures % the world, and be called upon h'
i United Stats @ rolden 0rpOrtunfy