davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
RECENT ELECTIONS.

The recent State elections in New
Hampshire, Connecticut, and the local
elections in Pennsylvania, Ohio and
Missouri, show eanclusively thai the
current Of popular sentiment is setting
with great and increasing force against
the radical disunionism now dominant
in Congress. The great heart Of the
American Nation threbs with intense
longings for the full restoration of the
j" Union.7 It is associated in the minds
of the people, With all of peace, pros
perity, happiness and honor that have
marked the nations history. Their love
for it, inspired to the unparalleled
efforts and sacrifices they have made
during the past few Years, to save it
from destruction, and they will not long
brook the reasonable action of men in
power, who, for personal and party
ends are willing to turn into utter empti-
ness the triumph over rebellion which
our brilliant armies had achieved.
Hence, we believe that the history of
ANDREW JACKSON in his relation to
the American people Will be represented
in the future Of ANDREW JOHNSON.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12

election; | was his partner in the nrao
tice OF the law for a number of v ee'e,
came here with him as his special frio,a
and was marshal Of this District d1ri1lo
the whole of his Administrator nnrs
to the day of his death was IN the , n,aal
confidential and intimate relations WAY VIII.
him. | knew him IS we'll as one NOV .,rl
can know another. | had MANY arn
free conversations with him on this Vow ru
subject OF restoration. [ was made ens
tirelE certain, by his own repeated doa
laratiOns to me, that he would exert 81,
ms authority, power, and influence r.
bring about an immediate reeonciHa'
ton between the two sections of H.
country. As far as depended upon hin,
he would have had the Southern States
represented in both Houses of Conoress
within TIE shortest possible time. Al
the energies Of his nature We're eivan
to vigorous prosecution Of the war,,
While the rebellion lasted; but he was
equally determined upon a ''vigorons
prosecution of peace" as soon as armed
hostility should be ended. He knaurr
the base designs of the Radicals to kean
up the strife for their own advantaoap
and he was determined to thwart then,
as he himself told me very often. r
any confederation of this statement is
needed it may be found in the fact that
the ultra Abelitionists had actually be.
gun the cutlery against him before his
DEATH and the moderate men every.
where, North and South, sincerely
mourned his fall as Il calamity which
lost them their best friend. If that in.
scrutable Providence. whose ways are
past finding out, had permitted his life
to continue until this time, there can be
don bi thaf the N NJ i,p II
would now be as loud in their denunei-
alton of his policy as they are of yours.
Mr.. Stevens demand for the head of
THAT man atthe other end ofthe avenuen
would not have been one whit less fe
rOeious.
Ofeourse heeould not and did not antiei.
pate the precisa shape of the measures
which the Radicals might adopt to pre-
vent reconstruction. The "Freedmen's
Bureau BILL which recently met its
death at your hands, was not born in his
lifetime. But / pronounce it foul SLAM
der upon his memory to assert that he
would have signed a bill so palpabIy in
conflict with the constitution, and SO
plainly intended to promote the one bad
purpose of perpetual disunion.
did love Mr.. Lincoln with sincere
and faithful affection, and my reverence
for his memory is intensified by the hor-
rible circumstances in which his high ca
reer was closed. Now that death has
disarmed him Of the power to defend
himself, his true friends should stand
forth to vindicate his good name. If
there be any insult upon his reputation
Which they should resent more indig-
nantly than another, it is the assertion
that he would have been the tool and
instrument in the hands Of such men as
those who now lead the heartless and
unprincipled contest against you.
| have the honor to be. your obedi-
ent servant,
w IL l.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
PROCLAMATION OF PEACE.

BY virtue Of this Proclamation Of the
President, the evil rights of the inhabi-
tants of States, iateIy in rebellion, are
fully restored 70 them. They are no
longer any more subject 70 military au-
tierity, or any other, than die regular
civil authority than is Massachusetts or
New York. We rejoice at this precla-
nation of eur President, that war and
instruction in these States are at an
end, and that they are relieved from the
disabilities necessarily consequent upon
such state. We trust that the future
action Of these States will illustrate the
wisdom Of the President in this import
ant official act. History furnishes no
more beautiful eXemplfication Of the
wise tempering OF justice with mercy,
than the official conduct of President
JOHNSON towards thessouth. Hedeserves
their earnest and cordial support in his
noble efforts 70 preserve the Consti-
tuition, under whose protection and bless
ings they are again placed.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
FOREIGN. IMMIGRATION.

The emigration from Europe to The
United States the present season promi-
ses to be very large. Ten thousand per-
sons have already engaged to leave ria.
Bremen and Hamburg, by the end of
May next. Within one week, four
thousand persons recently left Cork for
this country. From other points of Eu-
rope, a similar emigration is daily as
stunning greater proportions. Werejoice
az this prospective addition to the pro-
duetive industry Of the nation.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
letter from Uyarn II. Lauoa


every honest loyalist on the contents of
the following letter. There is no doubt
that the disunion party, who have cried
Union" for five years, are pledged by
the desperate enthusiasm Of revolution
to overthrow the Republic if they can.
WASHINGTON, D. c., Feb. %, 1866
Mr.. President Among the numerous
allegations made against you by the Ill
ira Abolitionists, hear none repeated
so often as this: That you have deserted
the principles upon which you were
elected and turned aside from the path
in which your lamented predecessor
would have walked if he had lived. 1t
seems to be believed by some that Mr..
Lincoln could have been used by the
Radicals for all their purposes, including
the destruction of the Government, the
overthrow of the Constitution, and the
indefinite postponement of union and
harmony among the States.
| need not say to you or to any well
informed man that the masses of that
Lincoln and you in the canvass of 1864,
were sincerely attached to the Union
and devoted believers in the Constitu-
ton.
They everywhere asserted that the
object of the war was to reestablish the
Union with the least possible delay; and
one of the resolutions of the Baltimore
Convention pledged you both to restore
the paramount authority of the Consti-
tntion in all the States.
1t Is true that the party included some
nlalignants who hated the Union, and
tried 10 destroy it before the war began,
and their pretended love Of the Union
during the war was more than suspee-
ted to be insincere and hypocritical.
But they kept prudently silent. Mr..
Thaddeus Stevens was, to the best OF
my knowledge, the only leading man
in the party shameless and impudent
enough to avow his hostility to the
Union He was not the exponent OF our
views, and he represented not even Il
fractional part OF the honest millions
who cast their votes, spent their money
and shed their blood to bring back the
Government of their fathers.
All this you know. | write now to
tell you What | know concerning the
personal sentiments of Mr.. Lincoln HIM
self, and | claim now to be the same
kind OF d Republican as | was when |
voted for him at his first and second
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
REVERDY JOHNSON.

The speech Of this distinguished Uni
ted States Senator, made Oh the 9TH
inst, in support OF the Veto of the
civil Right Bill, and in reply 10 Sena-
tor TRUMBUfd., was one of the ablest of
the session. It seems to US triumphant
yindeation OF the views OF the Presi-
dent embodied in his veto, and a COM
plete demolition Of lbeunstatesmanlike
haraAgueof Senator TEtMBHii4, against
ihat Presidential Message. Upon qnes-
lions Of Constitutional Law, senator
JoHHeos, has proven himself the leader
OF the Senate.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
TIE SOUTHERN RELIEF FAIR
BALTIMORE.

This Fair is proving a magnificent
success. The results already realized far
snrpass what the most sanguine antici-
pated. The crowds in attendance are
immense, and up TO the latest accounts,
we have seen, seemed rather to increase
than 70 diminish. The noblc-hearted
ladies Of Baltimore who originated this
benevolent design, and have carried it
out with such untiring energy, and dis
tinguished success, deserve the highest
praise. The gratefulness of thousands
OF suffering hearts made glad by their
seli-denying labors and generous chart
ties, will be their ample reward
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
GENERAL BRADLEY II. JOHNSON.

The release Of this gentleman from
the bonds under which he had been
placed by tho state Of Maryland, for the
part he took in the battle OF Gettys-
burg, was, at the request of Gen. GRANT
ordered by the President Oh the I'd inst.
On the 9TH inst the order WAS obeyed,
and the quondam Confederate General
was released, hot again to be arrested
unless upon orders from The President
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
MILITARY COMMISSIONS.

The Supreme Court of the United
States in the case of BowLES, NULL
GAN and H0RsEY, tried in Indiana, in
1851, by 4 military commission, on char
gea Of conspiracy, giving aid and COM
fort to the enemy. melting insurrection,
&C., as Knights of the Golden Circle,
have decided that military courts, even
in time OF war, have 10 jurisdiction in
cases involving the liberties and lives of
citizens, not in military service. On
their trial before the commission, the
above-naned parties We're convicted and
sentenced to be hanged. Their sentence
was commuted with Imprisonment for
life. They then brought their petition
for a writ Of habeas corpus before the
United States CircIt Court. The judges
being divided IN opinion, sent to the
Supreme Court on certioruri on certain
points stated All of which We're decided
favorably to the petitioners. BY this
final ruling, many of the findings of the
military commissions during the late
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
IMPEACHMENT O. THE PRESIDENT

Hints have been given BY certain
leading Radicals of Congress of the pos
sible impeachment Of Mr.. JOHNSON, on
the ground that he is not sealLH the
President Of the United States. In our
opinion, should thatlittle game be tried,
the result viii satisfy the most unhelev.
ing, that the present occupant Of Che
q White House, IS very much Hike 4
President, at least.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
THE NEW ATLANTIC GABLE.

Ia the construction Of this third cable,
ii is stated that important notifications
have been introduced which will render
the wire stronger and more flexible-
and tIiat III the appliances for paying
out, great improvements have been
made, suggested BY the two experiments
already tried in laying The cable. The
next experiment, it is thought, will
commence in the early part Of July
next. Scientific men arequlte sangulne
that the old cable will be recovered, and
that the next trial will be entirely sue
cessful. The submerged wire is at this
time more perfect as to insulation, than
on the day It left Nalentia Bay.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
A-EHS e5fT HIIE by.

Tho Legislature n New JerSe@ has
adjourned without eleetine Il United
States senator u iii the place Mr..
Stockton. The Governor not having
power, under tie new Constitution. 10
iffi the vacancy, il must remain untitled
until she Legislaturereas=enBles.
The Orange and Alexandria Railroad
aas been turned over % tie recently
elected President, -. Barbour.
Not the least remarkable OF the num-
Der OF visitors il attendance at General
Grant recent reception il Washington,
was Alexander II. stephens, of Georgia.
During tine evening he was sought out
by many oid-time friends, who heldhim
IN pleasant conversation.
The supreme Court of the United
States has decided military commissions
.tae Hts tI'iH Of citizens unconstitutional.
Hawley, the Radical candidate fer
Governor Of Connecticut, IS elected b.
iess than i've hundred majority. This
: Radical loss since ! s55, % fa,G9a. No
wonder, Jim Lane announced IN the
senate The other d., that another such
fietory would teaz tie Radical party
70 pieces.
The sprihg elections n ohio. Indiana
and Pennsylvania slow large gains for
the Democrats.
The St. Louis pemoefat Radical,
reads President johnson out of the
Radical party. The President ought %
thank the Democrat soF relieving him
of the odiam Of such bid company.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
Ia MT.S SFEVgNs s

This famous Head Centre Of tie Fe-
MAN Brotherhood has escaped from Ire
land. and is row the guest of JOIN
mitchell. in Paris. lie is preparing,
/ IS sad, y embark for this country.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12
a RADICAL, Or NOTHING.

Immediately upon the outrage o. e1=
pelling Mr.. STOCKTON from the United
States Senate, GHAp. STEVENS despatch
ed to Mr.. ScayEfs, Of The Sew jersey
Senate, to send on Ia his place a radical
or nothing. Fhe nothing has been re-
ceived
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12

war, and since, are declared without
authority Of law-and those who took
part III rendering and executing the
sentences are clearly subject to punish
ment for the wrongs they have inflicted.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12

4 drunken negro at Mufresboro, Tenn,
ran against little girl the other day, ANA
angered because she WAS in his way, de
Iiberately drew a revolver and blew out
her brains. He is in custody and Will Dc
hanged.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12

All officers hereafter appointed to the
Veteran Reserves are to be from old vol
lmteerS.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-12

The late frosts have killed the peaches
in Virginia.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
WASHINGTON.
wAsHscros, sept 10, 1853,
KeIief Tor the ParfIand -ufIcrers.


Relief Tor the Portland sufferers.
The committee soma time since appointed 70 solicit
funds nom employees in tho Treasury for tho relief Of
the Portland sufferers BY the recent fire in that city
sistng u Assistant Secretary John r. Hartley ana Tho1
j. Hobbs disburslng clerk Of the department, report
thst they have collected aud deposited with W. 8
Huntington, the treasurer the sum OF $3.50.
fntroductions nj tho Interior Department.
fhs clcrka Of tho Iuierior Department were formally
presented % their new chief o. H. Browning today,
by heir respective heads OF bureaus
Gastoms Receipts ne the Principal Cities.
the receipts from customs at the following ports from
the goth @ the 9th Of August inclusive, were as fol-
lowa--Now York, s2523al5j boston. s26i, S72; Phila
deiphia, SAP issi Baltimore, sl4ses7; New oriesns
tTs,cos Total, sS,l5e,223
Internal Revenue Receipts.
Tho receipts from internal revenue to-day we're
S2,IIaTS
The Light \. Cape Ron,sine 80 be Rc-estab-
li.hed.
lhe Lighthouse Board will on the Goth instant re
establish the light n Cape Ronsnc OF South Car
DINA. y VII b. revolving light al tho height Of
ono hundroa and aiy!our foot visible 40 distance Of
twenty lye nautical mres
Tie District OF Columbia Provost MRrshai's
Office Abolished.
81 War Department General orders No. 81 the Office
Of tho Provost Marshal District Of Columbia, is abo
ishcd, and Az papers on lilo IN the ONCE be
turned oycr p the oGcs tho Assistant Aduan Gen
oral, Department, u Washington.
Senior Romero Returned.
senior Romero, tho Mexican Minister, r-tarucd to
Warrington yesterday. HIS health somewhat in.
paire owing % tho fatigue af hs journey VIC WITH ne
prosiicn, ani party.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
c A ~ a D A.
SPECIAL TELEGRAM 70 Tgf hsw yOs. Hfsnp.
seizure Of an American Steamcr-OralDi2s
linn 81 the Niiitia-E.ninn SpccuIo lions, q,

seizure Of an American Steamcr-Or9lDis "a
u"u 81 the Miiitia-Eeninm ~pccnia tiou-, xc.
orFAv', sept TO- 1894
. steamer belonging 70 an American has boon ,s1cI
a. Montreal. she was on her way mona Nov York -
tho lalc7, snd suspected ., b rg engaged b. 'ho
fsni-Ua
Altogether thirteen batta!onB haze 'hs ar he0n
geli2ef u ,he district o, Toronto
1 Are n4s occurred a, Point Loyi camp appots ono.
pee destroying quantity u und fsiasg stores
rrsesu.ions bsug llken to lsoere TAG fnis,arr
Storcl In caRnfl from - urs
CAB net c9lnsl being held i0.d4y IN a.s3.
sop feni2nisia supposed - - tAo shict 1pla
combination.
Information las hoen rcceiYei bsr0 lhlt Fenisn
raid vii ~ attempted h9ore Novcm,cg, q; Inch limr
Tn sunSoals @ 10 Trojan ~ md many FcnenG IN tho
fnac 81 Sc@ York and the Csn LA % employ
and especially thots along tho borders beSiios ths,
they win 90 rad ID ebou' tha time, and w. DO fush Of
fnndA u - feared that ts Feaians have basn aiosi oi
,anJ'aa AZ ns IN tn purchase OF the Peabody rnos IL
tho Cniied s,aies. Iha APPROPRIATED for ths par
chlse OF thess wtarpas by Tic ca-sdian government i
$50 600 IN gold
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
NAVY BULLETIN


~yIf M-g'afpsa6of NrnylAA Mzisr, from daly AZ Ns
Nsssl slsrv luf ordered % asY ON boad hs Coz.
HeNsisJ1.
sSvr a--C5rpsties william RagI, 70 aatg q me
naval AotfemN
Az ve4Er .tfw ngwssrr srrAssn KAsxkkss
arrived fhls mrfunk from PhsdslphiA hhe wli b" -
duty IN ths ssii9n. her olcers are ~. fcowiug va
rsptrht--gsa u ~tlyse
ks,s,.rsns Sss ss,,,si-. oSc.,--H. Q sshsnssch.
lgsnoaS lieu - Hnf - VI @fnifb
Mot Lfesa<H1saf--f .0Det HeufersOn
tttctassrf--Chia, =. jerres rirsi A@lsl&nt
n Daiby sccppd Aass'ans, lanes OIJir
Mfss.aft n Nswioy
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11

a. ,scLncc,', claims for toaren.al ton.
4 4 -

~ W hifrNf's MINIS Tor "t"F"HrHU i"Hs
~ ore I4lAa Gfo9N
agfr 10 -hia y ppgus =. Z & ~ ut : lhls 80
an actc II r.eovtr computation IT. woFk psrfogm@i
~ ehptsi al d. suef q ~ gpscqfa Gtss ehufch
vlis psits, nd general fupqfsteI1oni for 70 ecn.
ssrnetion n lie ssue Tha Services YER, f.ndeFe 1
ehle lie piar' as ID tie emg0y u The HARM
Ia iroad uraAy under TIE lanet ale dire1i9n " ths
aessntsnt wtg engineer All general sapryHt bdsl'
vi thsG rad. Defendant II aeo vesirynab q ths
ch1reh .nd Tie .rogn4 bat ralnlln ga la ne era
picy 81 defstdant s4s claimed thst ne former oesid
ot cAfea FOR h~ services On ths rhnreh hlkgsh ihs
svf1enoe moved isi ~ rv a s.,y % vors sg~gi
from tha, required q bna ~ me e0npazy. Jr5RmGns
~. geuSsf 4 fsf Ae pisiAth q Ne sgu = 80
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
uws uss sngvalE

NumvnEs ssya 10. $50.
Ths Recorder b5rks, con,sln ~ thoaanrf msned
c4ytln<ssa Cor registered vyrrs abeifsced ff5u
NJ floyrls' 0cs sis she snnployfn temporarily
sfnant re ely ssecf0n - " hfi1 MS north I'll
40 take rlsrf 200 esNs@ss
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
tn r K


he Revolt, ia Gandio Continued and Extend
lug.
Aurrss Sept :, 1867
lilo cso'in1 haze rejected the terms offered them -
the furkiyh 20, e,nmeu, ana continue the,r revolt
IN Ep.tuts QnhAlrAnis % fplrusl also claim thsr
freedom non Tufioy ami ht7c abandoned tler hsbia
tou- ana iassn ~ tuo nina
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
RUSSIA.

Rsvsi A..ln., u.s.ia 90 the tsspiss.
81 pstwm ~. - 2, i~s
Il sd "a 81 - fyss x g. sf~rts btrs tt~oiti
..alsa ss sfssrty = ~ raf
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11

Fal Stanley y srcken y the prohabls saocesso =
Lord C0Vlcy ~ British Aabasi ador p i..nse.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11
the CABLE TARIFF.

Reduction 80 0no-Hslf LAp.cted.
Iaspos, sep. 10, 1900
= ! safe ~ .3l- no .cou u II riucod on.
81
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11

& U "a U
News by the Cable to Mon
day, September 10.
The Money Demand Of the King Reduced
by the Prussian Legislature.
Delay In the AustrO- Italian
Negotiations.
Eugene and Queen Isabella Debate
che Political Situation.
Revolt Against Russia on the
Caspian Shore.
The Cable Tariff to Be
Cut Down.
NAIL ADsICEs TO SEPTEMBER ,.
Chr Paris. Berlin, Venice and Padua
Correspondence
Napoleon's letter to Victor Eman-
ucl on the Cession Of venctia.
The German Peace Treaties aud Alarm al the
prusSian iERsxaions
Russian Feeling Towards German
Witty and Congress.
President Johnsons Policy Condemned
by the British Abolitionists, and An
other Radical Congress Announced.
The Pope's Position as Chief
Bishop and King Of Rome.
John Brights DEMANDS and Franchise
PROSPECTS, Of The English People.
EngIaad's Preparations 10 Meet The
renians In Canada.
The Markets and Marine Reports
Of MONDAY.
By The CABLE TO SEPTEMBER 10.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-09-11

special Tei.xram- q. the New xsrk Herald
Atsssr, Sspt 10 isee
The prre re- msnssers, both In The democYailo party
sns among Ne eon.srvs,ivs rspubliosps have been
-yiy. 81 ne ncrDins Thgs are ~ hfr no.. ..
Juniata sentinel. [volume] (Mifflintown, Pa.) 1846-1873, 1866-03-28
THE VIEW

We publish this week the cards Of
Messrs. II. 4. McAliSter K, W. Jamisou,
5. NJ, Shelly, and c. & Shelly, in refer
euce to the use Of their names by ". VI.
Allison Il Co, iu connection with the
publication of the new paper, These
gentlemen have all been lifelong Repub
@licaus, and their opinions, as expressed in
their cards should have due consideration
by the party. In addition to these cards
VT have received letters from all parts of
the county regretting the action of the
new paper men in ;heir efforts to keep up
the spirit of faction and thereby aid the
LocofOcos to destroy the organization Of
the Republican party.
Juniata sentinel. [volume] (Mifflintown, Pa.) 1846-1873, 1866-03-28

The Democratic party is a very accom-
modatInc one. 50 far as accommodating il
self to circumstances is concerned. All
through the war, it distinguished itself in
Pennsylvania by its hostility to the sol
der; bit as soon as the war was over it
PIT Up two soldiers as candidates OF, the
State ticket to catch the soldiers vote.-
SO long as the constitutional amendment
aboli>hing Slavery Eas in doubt they op-
posed it and Denounced every one who
voted for it; as soou as it is adopted they
declare that they endorse it cordially.
In Connecticut for four years past, they
have contested the State AZ the ultra pro
slarory, anti-war party this year they
put up Il candidate for Governor who voted
for the anti slavery constitutional amend
mebt and for the Abolition Of Slavery in
the District Of Columbia, whom hey them.
selves burnt in efi-y for these very votes.
In Indiana their platform for years past
has been based on the doctrine that the
government. has no power TO coerce Il State
to stay in the Union, and therefore the
wai was all wrong; nov they lead their
ticket with a soldier who fought in that
war, and declare that no State has the
right or power to get out Of the Union.
No party ever before showed such IA
c,lity in changing yet with all its changes
it never maniiests change to the right
side.