davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-07-05
geistellaaeuns Artieles.
The Military Situation in Europe.

The Military Situation in Europe.
Strength Of the Hostile Poscers-THe
Questions lnvolued-Probable Theatres
of the War. fr .-r.-..
The following, in addition to explaining
the casus 6elli that now threatens to shake
Europe to it's foundations, gives such infor
nation as to the strength Of the belligerents
and their relative geographical positions as
will enable the reader, with the aid Of any
modern school atlas, to comprehend the
present military situation, and to follow In
telligently any subsequent movements that
may be made by any of the high contend
ing parties. In view Of the prospect of a
great and highly interesting war, we would
recommend the preservation of this article
for reference
PRUSSIA.
The area Of Prussia is at present 10S, ,212
English square miles, or about equal to the
combined territory of Georgia and Florida.
The population, according to the census of
1864, was 19,304, ,S43, falling but little be-
low that of the Northern States of the Un-
ion. The great majority of the population
are Germans; the total number of persons
belonging to non German nationalities being
2,504,179. A considerable portion of the
latter are feeble remnants of small tribes,
which are rapidly being absorbed by the
German nationality. Within the last few
years the Government of Prussia made sew
eral important additions to the former do
mioions, acquiring first the two Principali-
ties of Hohenzolerp, next the important
seacosst district of Yahde, which it pur.
chased from Oldenburg, and more recently
the Duchy of Lauenburg, which was ceded
to it by Austria for pecuniary considera'
tion. 1t holds, moreover, possession of
Schleswig, and avows its intention to per-
manently annex to Prussia both this Duchy
and that of Holstein. In point of admin
istration, Prussia is not inferior to any other
country of the world Its finances, unlike
those of Austria and Italy, are in sound
condition its army discipline has long been
the admiration of the entire civilized world.
The army, on war footing, numbers 7OO,-
600, and its feet consisted, 10 1865, of thir-
ty-seveu steamers, eight sailing vessels,
forty rowing vessels; total, eighty FIVE war
vessels The reiguiug King is William l.,
born in 1897, who succeeded his brother
Frederick William w., in January, 1861.
H.-AUsTRIA. --a 81. 4
The Austrian Empire, as at present con-
stituted, is divided into nineteen provinces,
the area of which is 236, 6,3ll English square
miles, Win tu,aI popu'o';v-' -~-~.a:-s w.
computation, of 36,1s5,ooo souls This
population is divided, with respect to race
and language, into 10 fewe- than twelve
different nationalities, namely:
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-07-05

Austria is one of the great military pow
ers of Europe, her army on the war footing
being over half million of men. The
navy, however, is comparatively small, con-
sistiug, in August, 1864, of 80 steamers,
with $50 guns and II, ,73O horse power, and
20 sailing vessels, with l45 guns. Great
efforts have been made within the last few
years to RISE the Imperial Navy to state
of high efficiency by the substitution of
steam for sailing vessels, and the gradual
formation of an on.clsd feet of war
Austria has become a constitutional mon.
archy since 1919, the main features of the
constitution consisting first of the Provin-
cial Diets, representing the varions States
IF the monarchy; secondly, Central Diet
or Council, of the Empire; and thirdly,
reduced form of the latter, o: Partial Coun-
Gil of the Empire, as it is called The pub
lie debt of the Empire, which, at the com,
meucemeut of the French revolution in
17s9, was STA 100000, had grown in
1863 to S1,21O, ,222, ,0S5. From l7S9 to
the present time there has not been single
year in which the revenue of the State has
come up to the expenditure. The present
Emperor, Francis Joseph I was born in
August, 1880, aud was proclaimed Emperor
and King in consequence of the abdlcatlon
of his uncle, Ferdinand l., and the renun-
citation of bis father, Francis Charles, De-
cember 2, 1913. He was Commander-in.
Chief of the Austrian army in the Italian
campaign of 1859.
III.-ITALY.
The Kingdom Of Italy has an area of 49,.
7S4 English square miles, with population
according to the last census, taken in the
Spring of 1864, of 2l,7O3,7 ,7lO souls, being
on an average 220 inhabitants to the square
mile; a figure higher than that of France
and Germany, but lower than that of Eng.
land There has been in some of the Prov.
inces rapid increase of population of late
wears but the increase of wealth has been
much more rapid within the last century
than the increase =. population. The great
ma of the people are devoted to agricultu-
raj pursuits, and the town populationis is CON-
paratively small. 1t has u seafariug popu-
la.iou of 1853, 692 Individuals, nearly all of
whom are liah'a to the maritime coDscrip-
ton The military organization of the
Kingdom is based Oh copscription, nd the
standing army consists of more than 2OO,-
900 men on peace footing, and more thon
400, 900 on war establishment. The navy
&C the Kingdom consisted, in 1865, of SO
steamers of 20,760 horsepower, with 2, l6O
guns, and II sailing vessels ", n .279 guns;
altogether, 115 men .of-war With 2, ,439 guns.
Italy has public debt of nearly eight hun
dred millions of dollars. The expenditure
is largely in excess of the annual revenue.
The reigning Sovereign, Victor Emanuel
! H., was born March IA, 1920, and is the
eldest SOD of King Charles Albert of Sar-
DINA, aud Archduchess Theresa of Austria.
He succeeded to the throne on the abdica-
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-07-05

TIE FowER OF CYPHERs.-The enligh.
tened man may have Q clear UNDERSTANDING
of thousands, and even millions; but much
beyond that he can form no distict idea
A simple example, and one easily soisede
will illustrate the observation. If slfths
vast bodies ofwater that cover nearly three
fourths Of the globe we're enptieds aFepby
drop, into one grand reservoir, the shols
number Of drops could be written By tHo
words, "eighteen sectillious, !" and express
sed in figures by annexing twentg.four cy~
piers to the number eighteen. Q8,000,-
600, 900, 600, ,0OO, 900, ,000, ,000,) A man
might a. we'll attempt to explore the bouads
of eternity as to form any rationl idea Of
the units embodied in the oppression
above for although the aggregate Of drops
is indicated by figures in the space Of only
one inch and half in ordinary print, yet il
each particular drop were neted BY separ-
ate stroke like the figure l, it would form Q
line of marks sufficiently long to wind
round tb e sun six thousand billions Of tines
Now observe if you please, the, lnarve-
lous power of value which the chphers, in
significant by themselves, give the signi6-
cant figures 49, The young reader will be
surprised to learn that the use Of the cyphsr
to determine the value Of any particular fg.
ure, which is now praoticed by evet, school
boy, was unknown 10 the ancisnts There.
fore, among the Greeks and Romans, and
other nations Of antiquity, arithmstical ops-
rations were exceedingly tedious and diff.
cult. They had to reckon With pebbles,
shells, or beads used as conntefs, 70 trans
act the ordinary business Of life. Even The
great Cicero, in his orstion for Rosciua, the
actor, in order to express three hundred
Thousand, hsd to make use Of the very svk.
ward aid cumbrous notation, cccIooo cocr.
900 oco1ooo How very odd this seems:
sin tho year Of our Lord MDcocLxvIp
1856. - Educational Monthly. -
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-07-05

s@ a correspondent from Mexico says:
Judge Oldham, Of Texas, formerly q Con-
federate Senator, is in Cordova writing .
history Of the "Confederate Struggle, and,
in the meantime, is supporting himself BY
photosraphing. sS'.'e > Ks -"
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-07-05

Z: !. 3 ...z..s., s,o ss'ss NUMBER H. I.
to take all your provisions, except tsn raions
for ten days for your mily-Msn, 10 tci
work and gil the wagon r =; %; s'SsrSs9
Il looked on with CONSERVATION Thsidss
Of being left with only ten dsys prosiions,
oil means of transportation taken aRSy, thes
railroad and bridges destsoyed, and no poga
sibiity, therefore, of getting fresh supply,
was anythiug but o dslechble prospestj asz
it afforded in the future ssry dlonly spe.
preaching picture of actual starvation Rrk;
Thought that if. he were Q mason thsrs Has
still some hope of saving myself and family
from the threatened ruin; and for the fsst
time in my life, long rs I hare bean xmsm.
Der of the Order, I determined to hsse re-
course to for that aid which &c had pfomised
TO be in time of peril and danger. * ssslss1s
q commenced, thersfors, In thsmhts but
expressive language Of oar institution teinss
quirs if Lieut.. b., was q brothHofths
mystic tie. To my first signals hs prpnptss
lyresponded, and ina fswminutesI Z siaeonso
T .r s... "s' ..A: s.:.so. ."as ..ssoa.. .
;a..:.; 81 :no ;a' s y''o..O.s :ss Isuasi slssn
also Royal Arch companion, and one bright,
,a.orsa - .rn tbs s..s,.,.:.. 80 s.s;.
~ .....s.,''ss. .s., ~ - - = <
sa1.S a !. .Ae ,a ss.' .1SS sppos., ~ ~. 49, 80.
:. .a . uoi 80 y .lss.s.,s, y go s - 20 e.
Nv :. vac a.:,s :uauuea NY nope y iooa .ol w sAs
-.
zine ponaon OF Things % tnls nmo Nas'
'nu' was s'Anulue ~ suo eenslo J, Vie
loOu ".o.e '.e plo'i''u.s % 80 nas aslsu '.
NY nsn' p:'na was my WIZ SppOs.se y Ms
nss 'ns L'eusenAns 'ns ooaae.s AAo 1.;., 80
.saS VIZ. sDe nls. - =. - os.s. -. 60
S s1.;,"s 80 ",s os 's .s s..,,..;ss ~ - sas.ss.p s.s
"eu -S'en y. '.e yPts. 80. 80
by their absence, and by the tsct snat my
wife was intently looking on tho foor In q
pensive attitude, to, move back q step Ind
to make that signal to which no t1ue mason
can without perjury, refuse 10 respond. .aasss
The lieutenant, as he Recognized sthss
hail, seemed for 9 moment surprised, and
perhaps confused. he turned rapidly ON
his heel and retreased 10 window, Ehere
he sat down and leaned his head upon bic
hand, apparently in deep thought After
q few minutes the soldiers, who bad depos-
tied their iirst load in the wagon, returned,
and we're preparing 70 throw smother losd
upon their shoulders. At that moment the;
lieutenant rose from his seat, and IN 6 grnH
voice exclaimed: .a = s7s4Sla sgs.sas
MEN ! put those things down. Yan ssn
Co." In response to their look Of surprise,
he continued 81 guess there isn'tmore here
than is sufficient for the family, = ssl
The soldiers departed empty handed
and with them their commanding :ofRcer.s
As he na,ssd mt of the donr he nhimerad
70 sergeant VINO nao pfemoasy oee1
Pln'ea ,nefe % soaru ossi 'ne
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-07-05

p6r He is the best accountant who can
cast mp correctly the sum Of his own errors
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08
The Meeting to Endorse Pr2si.
dent yOS1usOu.

+
One of the largest public meetings
that eyer assembled in this county, COM
posed of its rejecting and peaceablc
citizens, met in front Of the Court House
in Hagerstown, on Tuesday afternoon
last, to endorse the reconstruction policy
and veto message Of President johnson
Delegations from different sections
came into town in a body with banners
flying and band playing, and all were
enthusiastic IN support of the President
and the Constitution. The meeting was
organized by selecting Col. Geo. Schley
to preside who addressed the large con
course Of people assembled for near a
half hour, and when the motion to elect
yicc-presidentsan and secretaries was made,
a regularly organized mob rushed from
the Court House, by the Mayors and
Sherfs offices to the rear Of the stand
and made an attack on the parties on
the stand Tho stand being partially
cleared by the mob, Thomas T. 1littag,
a member Of the Maryland Legislature,
rushed forward with series Of resolu-
tons which he read in the confusion
and tried TO have adopted In the
meantime, Samuel Fiery, Esq, got pos.
session Of part Of the stand, and most
ably denounced the outrageous attack
made upon the meeting and spoke in
support Of the President, during which
time fighting continued iu different por-
tons of the crowd. After this the
friends Of Mr., johnson again obtained
the stand and Mr.. Alvey made a motion
to appoint committee, aud tho commit
tee being appointed TO draft resolutions,
when the disturbance was renewed in
the rear Of the stand--and after consid-
cradle fighting again, the rioters and
dsturbcrs of the public peace obtained
possession Of the stand and q general
hight cnsucd pistols and knives being
used aud stones. sticks and clubs flying
IN dangerous confusion, with cousidcra.
bic blood letting.
After this demonstration. no further
effort was made to hold the meeting rs
il vas evident that the Olicors OF the
law, If thcy iu,grfcrcd at ALL it was in
favor Of those who created the dstur.
banec. while influential citizens Of the
"socallcd' Union party, who hold res
pousiblc Offices, stood around viewing
the scene with smiling countonanecs
This attack WAS well organized and
fully maturcd before the day Of the
meeting. by Partics who stood behind
ns the 0ricinators Of the enterprise. for
the resolutions offered by Mitag were
ready prepared for the occasion
4 scene ~ disgraccful has mover oc.
CURED in our town before and We trust
will never occur again The officers Of
the law should not forget the obligations
Of their positions and the sworn aud
sacred responsibility resting upon them.
49, Hagrrsiova .Uni
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08
Ladies' state Fair.

y large aud respectable meeting Of
the Ladies Of Carroll County, was held
at Carroll Hall, in Westminster, on
Monday last, for the purpose of cooper
ating with the Ladies of Maryland in
the holding ola State Fairiu Baltimore.
the proceeds Of which is to be applied
to relieve the suffering people Of the
Southern States The Ladies NANTES
ted a noble spirit Of determination that
Carroll County would not be behind her
sister Counties in this benevolent work
The meeting was permanently organ.
lied by the appointment Of the follow.
ing officers:
Presidont-Mrs GEO. PATTERSON
Vice Pres't-Mrs. A. L. NJ. FISHER.
feeretary-NIiss SALLY LoNGwELL.
1reasarer-Miss HELEN BOYLE
ASS t. Tr,asurer-Miss MARY NEAL.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
[Thelist of members Of the Executive
Committee which is very large, repre-.
scnting all the Districts of the county, is
crowded out this week for want Of room
but will be published next week
pea. The Executive committee will
meet at Carroll Hall, on Saturday after.
noon next at 2 o'clock, 2. NJ. on impor.
tant business.
Westminster District--President
Mrs. A. II. NJ. Fisher, Secretary, Miss
Belle Mathews.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08
MEETING AT FREDERICK

pA- The meeting called at the Court
House Frederick, Nd, on Thursday
the 22nd ult. to endorse the Veto Of
President JOHNSON, was a queer affair
Both parties assembled in their strength,
but it seems the conservatives we're the
most numerous. Judge NELSON prosi-
dcd, and made short address in favor
Of sustaining President johnson "in his
noble aud arduous struggle To protect
the Constitution of the United States
from the further attacks Of ambitious
aud wicked men, who are striving to
destroy it by by partiran aud sectional
legislation" lie said also---"To sus-
tain President johnson now is to be a
t"'oa man; to oppose him is to be a
disuuionist
Col. W. =. MAULsBY. offered a series
Of Resolutions appropriate TO the occa.
sion, but scene Of ndiscribablc coufu.
sion was got up by the Radicals, aud il
was not possible until the meeting ad-
journcd TO the Court House yard to get
a vote on them; when they were adopted
The Radicals then seeded aud held
a separate meeting, where resolutions
were adopted weak enough to suit their
taste.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08
The Radical Campaign a.
gninSt the President.

The srrouting ycrdanry or thos,
hopeful Republicans who for the las
Eve days, have bcou prophcsyinc y
cancellation between the President ,'d
Congress, is dipped by an nntimclyfos'
Tho Timss, which has been tn chiei
organ Of the roscwatcr RgsiblIcanT
published, yesterday, a Washington dis
patch dts editor is in Wellington with
the best opportunities ., information }
describing the enerpyPromp'itudc, aud
thoroughness Of th,scw Radical cam
paigu against the President As the
facts are no dor5t authentic, they do.
serve the proaiaence which We here
give them
The R,.icsls, 30 runs the dispatch,
have op6ed vigorous and practical
c,mn,id against the President, The
committee appointed at the caucus last
Frid.y evening is thorough and Intense
in rs determination for break with
Mr.. johnson. 1t has had several meet
inps on the slbjoct, aud has resolved 10
raise sjO,00l by levy upon ofice-hold'
ers, aud BY subscription, for the yigor-
Gus proscc,3 Jon of the war, 1t has de-
cidcd to peit and circulate enormous
editions q rumbulls and Fessendens
replies tcEhe veto message, aud of the
elaboratbnd yirulent attack made upon
the PreAcnt few days since in the
House Mr. Williams, of Pennsylva-
MIA Abas made an assessment of $50
upon Abh Of the Union members of Con-
grcss 6mc of whom have paid up, and
otherIarc holding the matter under
CONSIDERATION. They propose also to
may Jay Cooke treasurer of the organ
liz Jon, and to take rooms on Pennsyl-
yeia avenue as the headquarters of the
" crusade. As everybody anticipa-
III, Colonel Forney, d. d., has lost no
hnc in presenting himself as a caudi-
date for the honors and rewards of Mar
brdom. lie has sent an elaborate me
norial TO the committee, representing
hat the Chronicle is a losing concern,
Ind appealing to them and their constit-
hcnts for substantial aid. The commit
lee voted to give him their printing,
md to pay for and circulate as public
documents such editorials as may serve
heir turn. 1t is understood that the
committee is also celebrating upon the
most feasible means of crushing out all
opposition in the Union ranks to their
lcigns."-N. y. World.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08
THE FREEDMENs' BUREAU.

During the war, a new Department of
the Government was organized under
the assumed necessity to take care Of
the helpless slaves that were set free in
various ways. The law passed by Con-
gress was stipulated to expire in one
year after the close Of the war. The
late Bill vetoed by President johnson
was an attempt TO perpctuato the sys-
tenn for the particular benefit of the
colored race. 1t looked to the appro-
priation of three millions Of acres of land
in the South for their use, and the ex-
penditure Of many millions of dollars
from the public treasury to keep the
thing up. 1t was an extensive scheme
for the education and support of the
colored people at the expense of the
whites.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08

Baldwin the Radical member of Con
gress and editor of the Worcester
(bIassJ SPY, heard the Presidents
speech the other evening, and thus writes
as to the manner of that famous address:
d ellis voice is clear, harsh, powerful
and penetrating. When he seems speak
ing with most excitement, he is eVtoent-
" die coolest man ia the uortd watch
cd him with the awakened interest of
one who felt the magnitude Of the crisis
the speaking was creating, and am con-
cileedt flat allie said ras ,ceighed and
measured, and meant to bring aJoHt cers
tain results, When the tumult of ap-
plause which greeted. his strongest de
nunciation and most yirulcnt attack was
surging around, those coH eyes and that
crufiy smile could be seen calculating he
entire sccpe and dsucccssories." <A.5t.
This shows how cruelty malicious
were the statements that the President
was under the influence of liquor He
knew what he was about, and the action
Of Congress since the speech. was made
proves it to have been as polite as it
was personal - World
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08
Notice of Personal Discharge.


NN application by petition in writing Of
J JouN SriIIyAs, Of Carroll county, to
.tr Circuit court for Carroll county, for the
benefit OF the Isth Article Of the code Of
Public Geueral Laws Of the State Of Mary
land, entitled insoiyents, schedule Of his
property and lisi Of the debts due him, with
the names Of his debtors, and also list of
the debts due from him with the names Of
bis creditors, verified by affidavit being an
ncvcd 70 his said petition, and being salts
fed that the said John Sullivan, has at no
time within two years previous to said nppli
cation been discharged under any lnsolvent
Law uf this State aud the said petitioner
having taken the oath prescribed by law,
and having also executed 90 a Trustee by
said Court appointed good and sufficient
Deed for his property and estate of every
description thc necessary wearing apparel
and bedding OF himsclfand family excepted
aud delivered the same 10 said liusieo--and
the said Trustee having also executed bond
10 the state Of Maryland by said court app
proved for the faithful discharge Of his trust.
lit is therefore ordered and directed that
the Second Monday Of Norember, nsrt, be
fixed as the day for the appearance OF said
John Sullivan, in the circuit court for car
roll comfy, to answer such interrogatories
or allegations as his creditors, endorsers, or
sureties may propose or allege against him,
and tina, the said petitioner cause notice of
said day to be given to his creditors by pub.
lication in some newspaper printed IN carroll
county fog three successive months prior to
the said second Monday Of NoyembeE 1866.
Given under my hand this Bird day, Of
March, 1856
WIN. A McKELLIP, clerk
True copy,--Test:
mars.8m WM A McKELLir, elk
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1866-03-08

|
thank us for undertaking their loyalty
which has been extremely intense; but
to speak candidly we must say Of them
as of others, that great deal depends
upon circumstances. Tt was the few
that thought; whilst the masses fol-
lowed their feelings and political prcju-
dices.
Before the war, all our people were
loyal in the strictest sense, and all hated
the extremes of both sides. They were
generally compromise men. The break
ing out of the war found poor Maryland
totally distracted; and much has she suf-
fcred from the faults of the extremists,
not from her own. The want Of charity
on the part Of the ruling class here du-
ring the war has been productive OF
much mischief 1t will however soon
react ON themselves. The war being
over, the Confederate power oyerthrown,
and the Radicals of the North being on
the eve of political overthrow, those
who in Maryland, during the war, bowed
their heads like bulrushcs, can once
more lift up their heads and rejoice
Their country which they have never
ceased to love, though they disiiked
some of its rulers, will soon be herself
again, freed from the everlasting discord
of Northern and Southern radicals.
To conclude this dcsultory article we
remark that men, in the midst of uncon-
trollable events, with rare exceptions,
arc apt to be carried away by their feel
ings rather than their reason and that,
in the language Of the late Mr.. Van Blu
rem, il requires "thc sober second
thought" to set them right It is law
ofour nature that hate produces hatred
in return, whilst love and good will pro.
ducc similar sentiment in the heart.
The recent course of President Johnson
has done more to restore amity aud
good will amongst discordant people
than hundred battles. In Maryland
it has almost reversed the position of
parties already aud We venture to az.
firm that none can be found at present
better disposed towards the government
than the mass Of those whom it has been
fashionable Of late to dcnouncc as dis.
loyal.