The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1866-03-22
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THURaDAY, -.U.a MARCH p, 1886.
Ia. The Difference.
+ As there IL q great deal of talking ana
writing about the controversy between
the President and Congress in relation
to the reconstruction or readmission OF
The States LATELY in open rebellion, it
would be well enough for all to under
stand what that controversy is, for upon
thesettisment of the questions involved
therein, depends, not only our evidences
sfour integrity to correct principles, but
Slso, our future peace and prosperity,
Lat us first see II there IL any difference
efopinion; a. to the condition of the re.
bellious States at the time the rebel army
was disbanded. @,a svgi $50 -.asp
President johnson in his proclama-
Hons establishing provisional govern
fnents In those States makes use Of the
following preamble: ..,
where's, the rebellion which has
been waged by q portion of the people of
the United States, against the properly
constituted authorities OF the govern
mont thereof in the most violent and re-
voting form, but whose organized and
armed forces have now been almost en-
ffrcly overcome, has, in its revolutiona-
~ progress, deprived the people of the
State o. North carolinaE Mississippi, &C.,
Of al Crit government ~ - ...r
!, On the 10th ult., the House of Repre-
sentatives by a vote of l02 to SO passed
resolution endorsing and embracing ver-
batum the foregoing preamble. Both
branches of Congress have at all times
stood upon this ground. Hence, there
b no difference between the President
and Congress Us to the condition of the
rebellious States at the time of the disso-
luton of their military organization.
And, there is, consequently, no differ
ence of opinion as to whether those
States were, technically speaking, in, or
out, Of the Union and neither party has
the advantage of the other on that
point. ...."
Any person who wishes to settle for
himself, the question as to whether any
Of the States have been out Of the Union,
can rest easy in his own conclusions;
for, whatever they may be, there is no
controversy about the political relation
Of those States to the United States Cow
ernment. And, in leading himself to
the formation of his conclusions, he must
remember, that the words "Union" and
Estate" are used in various senses-that
the word 'Union'' may apply to the
whole Jurisdiction of the United States
Government including the territories,
or, it may in more restricted sense sig
nifty only the governing partnership
of States-and that in the former sense
a State may be in the L'aton-while in
the latter sense that it may be out Of the |
Union Of governing partners and at the
Let him also inquire
there can be such an anomaly
~ State without a civil government,
md, ifthere can be, whether the relation
If it's loyal people to the Union is any
different from that of the people of a ter
dtofy belonging to the United States.
%! but, +" says some, ''if a State can get
,ut of the Union, then secession can be
If the destruction of
State government by rebellion, is seces-
zion, then State can secede just as easy
- horse thief can deprive himself of
his own liberty by an abuse of that lib
erty. But, if secession means the power
of State to withdraw it's people and
territory from under the jurisdiction of
the Constitution and laws Of the United
States, then we have in the suppression
Of the late rebellion very forcible illus
tration of the fact, that secession is legal
~ and practically impossible. '"
The rebel States then being without
civil government, the President, who is
4 aHFr
80 delicate about accepting authority
when it is to be used in. favor of freed
men and refugees, at once took upon
himself the responsibility of organizing
State governments in those States. He
appointed provisional governors-direct-
edwho should vote, assume to determine
whether the governors were properly
elected and qualified, and when Con-
gress assembled he presented his pet
States, represented in part by officers Of
the rebel army, and demanded the ad-
mission of those Representatives with
out any other inquiry except as to their
age, citizenship, residence, and the re-
sult of the election returns. Congress
having the responsibility of providing
for the general welfare and guaranteeing
to each State a. republican form Of gov