Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1866-08-23

ported that the Empress Of Mexico has
failed in her mission, Napoleon refusing
to grant assistance Of French troops, prior
to the evacuation, to quell the insurgents
in Mexico. 1t is further reported, with
some degree of credibility, that the EN-.
peror Macmillan will soon return to
Europe.
LONDON, August 22-Evening.-Con-
soils declined /, and closed at ssh; i've
twenties closed at 10.
Letter. ON the Political 'situatiou.,
No. 4.
EDITOR NEws:-My last letter closed
with the inquiry: Cannot each.House de-
termine whether a State Government is in
an attitude of loyalty to and in harmony
with the Constitution of the United States,
to the extent of determining whether the
Representatives Of such State are entitled,
or not, to seats on the floor Of such House:
I think there can be no doubt Of it and
this is all we understand the President and
Mr., Seward and other members Of the
Cabinet to contend for, to-wit: that when
ever the unrepresented States, or any one
of them, present themselves, or itself, in
an attitude Of loyalty to and in harmony
with the Constitution of the United States
and in the persons Of representatives I'M
ouestionably ~loyal-whose loyalty cannot
be questioned under any legal or constitu-
tional test-the House, to a seat on the
floor of which, admission is sought, should
admit the right, the equal right of the
State to representation by admitting such
representative or representatives, to full
and equal rights, to a full and equal par
ticipation and enjoyment Of the same po-
litical rights with its other members. This
admitting and protecting, the right Of the
States to representation in Congress is
merely following up and carrying out
the idea upon and the object for
which. the war for the suppression of
the rebellion was prosecuted to-wit:
10 preserve to the States all of their
rights, dignity and equality in the Union
that while we were fighting to maintain
the Federal Government in all Of its con-
stitutional vigor, we were also equally
fighting for and in favor Of, as often de-
clared, preserving the rights, the dignity
and equality of the States IN the Union
unimpaired. This the Union party, dur
ing the war. said upon all occasions and
under all circumstances. These rights are
solemnly, plainly and unquestionably re-
served, or declared to be reserved, to the
States by the Constitution Of the United
States. "The powers not delegated to the
United States by the Constitution, nor
prohibited by it to the States, are reserved
to the States respectively or to the people.
This is the language Of the Constitution
Article X Of Amendments.
As the President says in his last Annual
Message to Congress, 1.-THE maintenance
Of the Union brings with 1t the support
of the State governments in all their
rights but it is not n Of the rights OF
any State government to renounce its own
place in the Union or to nullify the laws
of the Union" Certainly the
Government of the United States Is q linn
tied Government; and so is every State
government a limited government. With
us this idea of limitation spreads through
every form Of administration, general,
State and municipal, and rests on the
great distinguishing principles Of the re-
cognition Of the rights Of men," .
Gas q consequence, the State government
is limited as to the general Government in
the interest Of the Union, as to the indi-
vidual citizen in the interest Of freedom.
States, with proper limitations Of power,
are essential to the existence of the Con.
stitution of the United States. At the
very commencement, when we assumed a
place among the powers of the earth, the
Declaration of Independence was adopted
by States; so also were the Articles OF
Confederation; and the people OF the
United States ordained and established
the Constitution, it was the assent OF the
States, one by one, which gave it vital
ity. In the event, too, of any amend
ment to the Constitution, the proposition
of Congress need the confirmation Of
States. Without States, one great branch
of the legislative Government would be
wanting. And if we look beyond the let
ter Of the Constitution, to the character Of
our country, its capacity for comprehend
ing, within its jurisdiction, a vast CONT
mental empire, is due to the system OF
States. The best security for the perpet-
ual existence of the States is the supreme
authority" of the Constitution Of the UNI
ted States.
The perpetuity OF the Constitution
brings with it the perpetuity of the States;
their mutual relation make us what we
are, and in our political system their con-
nection is iudissoluble. The whole can
not exist without the parts, nor the parts
without the whole. So long as the Con-
stitution Of the United States endures, the
States will en~dure-the destruction of the
one is the destruction of the other-the
preservation Of the one the preservation
Of the other.
In this and a former article, we have
considered what is said to be some Of the
results Of the fact Of the so-called seeded
States being in or considered to be
in the Union, and which we have
shown, or endeavored to show, tcere not
true. We had here intended following up
the results which We consider as being true,
that flow, or legitimately and logically
follow, from this doctrine Of the States
being IN tho Union; but desiring to show,
il possible, tbs results to which IN oppo-
site doctrine of holding and considering
them as being out Of the Union would
lead to, I propose to here drop, yet here
after to return to this subject. l propose
here, and will, therefore, for a while, con
slider the results and where the doctrine of
holding and considering them as being
out of the Union and as conquered prov
inces or Territories, not entitled to repre-.
sentation in Congress, would lead to. i
have frat discussed two of the grand and
always-in. the-mouth arguments or objec-
tons to the doctrine of holding and con-
sideriug those States as being in the Un'on'
because I wished to remove out OF the
way and clear up all difficulties to honest
Union men in holding to the "faith. OF
the fathers" and in not allowing them:
selves to be driven from the position for
which they have SO long and manfully
commended and struggled (now that the
victory is won). and yield it up to those
who have contended and struggled for
the opposite doctrine ac.ing the same
length Of time. I wished also to open up
the way for them calmly and disposition
ately considering tohere the results to
which the doctrine of holding and con-