The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-04-05

pie, To whose number the discretion al
the commissioners is the only limit. and
III whose hands such authority might be
maze terrible engine of wrong, Oh.
preston, and fraud. The general stat.
utes regulating the land and naval force,
OF The United States, the militia. and
,ile execution OF the laws, are believed 10
De adequate Tor every emergency which
Gun occur III time of peace. If ii should
prove otherwise, Congress can AT any
time amend those laws in such manner
rs, Whiie subscribing the pubic welfare,
MOI to leopard the rights, interests. and
liberties of the people.
ihc seventh section provides that a
zee Oh ten dollars shall he paid II each
commissioner in every ease brought be-
lore him, and Il fee of five dollars to his
deputy. or deputies, !" for each person
he or they may arrest and take before
any such Commissioner With such
other fees as may be deemed reasonable
by such Commissioner in general
Tor performing such other duties as NAV
be required in the premises - Nllthese,
lees are 20 be paid out of the Treasury
OF the United States" whether there i
aeonvietion or not; but in case of con
Nlction, they are to be recoverable from
the defendant. 1t seems to ne that I'LL
der the influence of such temptations
pad men might convert any law, how
ever Deneiicent, into an instrument of
persecution and fraud.
by the eighth section of the bill the
United States Courts, which SIT only in
one place for white citizens, must mi
CRATE, with the Marshal and District
Attorney. tand necessarily with the
Clerk; although he is not mentionedl,
to any part Of the District, upon the or
der of the President, and there hold a
court for the purpose Of the more
speedy arrest and trial of persons cllarg-
ed with violation of this Aet:" and
there the Judge and the officers of the
court must remain, upon the order of
the President, " for the time therein
deoignated.n
The ninth section authorizes the Pres
ldent, or such other person as he may
empower for that purpose, to employ
such part of the land and naval forces of
the United States, or Of the militia, as
shall be necessary to prevent the viola
lation and enforce the due execution of
this act. - This language seems to i'm
ply a permanent military force, that is
10 be always at hand, and whose only
business is to be the enforcement of this
HE tsure over the vast region where il
is intended to operate
do hot propose to consider the policy
Of this bill. To me the details of the
bill seem fraught with evil. The white
race and the black race Of the South have
hitherto lived together under the rela-
tion of master and slaNe-capital OWN
ing labor. Now suddenly that relation
is changed, and as to ownership, capital
and labor are divorced. They stand
now each master Of itself in this new
relation, one being necessary to the 9TH
err, there will be Il new adjustment,
which both are deeply interested in
making harmonious Each has equal
power in settling the terms, and if left
TO the laws that regulate capital and Ia
Dor, il is confidently believed that they
will satisfactorily work out the problem.
Capital ii is true, has more intelligence;
but labor is never so ignorant as not to
understand its own interests, not to
know its own value, and not to see that
capital must pay that value. This bill
illustrates this adjustment. 1t intcrvenes
between capital and labor, and attempts
to settle questions of political economy
through the agency of numerous ofli-
cials, whose interest it will be to 1oment
discord between the two races for as
tie breach widens their employment
will continue, and when it is closed their
occupation will terminate.
~ tAi WI 'i2eCi y ~ ss'i W. - w
as a people living under Federal and
State law, no such system rs that con-
templated by the details Of this bill has
ever before been proposed or adopted
They establish, for the security of the
colored race, safeguards which go inf
nitely beyond any that the General
Government has ever provided for the
white race. In fact, the distinction of
race and color is, by the bill, made to
operate in favor Of the colored and
against the white race. They interfere
with the municipal legislation Of the
States, with the relations existing ex-
cIusively between a State and its citi-
zens, or between inhabitants of the same
State-an absorption and assumption of
power by the General Government
which, if acquiesced in, must sap and
destroy our federative system of limited
powers, and break down the barriers
which preserve the rights of the States.
1t is another step, or rather stride to-
wards Capitalization, and the concentra-
ton of all legislative powers in the Ma