New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1866-03-31
SLAVERY AND SLAVE LIFE IN
EEsAZsL.-1.
Is Slavery of Wilder Type" In Brazil
-Dou5is-fseiafive Populations oDd
Pro Rutn OF Slaves in Brazil.
I.-POPULAR OPINIONS.

Unfej States how long can II endure in the New
Wordi II sill ex SIS In Brazil in Cuba aud in Porto
Rico Somebody. not long ago. predicted that II the
experiment OF free labor in the Southern States
should continue to be completely successful, ne
FRO Slavery would be swept from the Western lemis'
phere in less than dozen Of years While some will
regard this prediction TOO sangune it expresses,
without doubt If not in the letter at least in the
spirit the opinion Of the majority Of educated Aneri
cans
Another opinion very generally held. and often e1.
pressed is that Slavery in Brazil is midet pc Of
bondage than the system wnch existed in Southern
States. I lave never seen any denial or oven any
doubt expressed regard to this universally accredited
opinion. And yet little reflection viii cause any one
familiar with the essential nature Of slavery 10 pause
aud Investigate before giving currency 10 this be-
lief. 1t will lead him 10 seek for the sources Of The
opinion and TO ascertain the causes that modify OF
her that nuiiy the Inherent tendencies Of Slavery
as manifested everywhere IN oil ages aud among AL
cn-t indeed in Brazil these universal tr'i'1
are not consoeuously disccnibe One would naturally
think that If brazilian Slavery Is slayerythat is II
gives the master absolute power over lis negro slave
then Brazilian nature would not bo human natnre II the
tenure of millions OF slaves did not yield penti
full crop II crueties aud hardsaips and crimes.
Anu Ntt lLdl ihdf ~ EI'atif iIuNii.
mems power and control their when that
power ia nomnally absolute-no careful observer OF
American Slavery or indeed Of society anywhere, can
deny. Thus Slavery in Louisiana far harshtr than
Slavery in Maryland and Lcgree could no. have done
the deeds in Delaware whiclhc might have perpsraod
with IMMUNITY in South Carolina.
In examining the Of Snyery in Brazil therefore,
ought first discover its relation TO the population
race. and territory. among ard in which it exists
u.-THE POPULATIONS or Brazil.
First In importance Is the populations beciuse vast
numerical majority Of slaves by throwing around the
negro The manel Of eyerpresoht dread, might have
tendency other Circumstances fyofing to make the
master af and to exercise his terrible authority with
cruelty. Not necessarily so. because st. Domingo
Slavery rightully cruel although when the reVD
luton broke in the island the whites did not nun.
her 40 900 In population OF half million. Bat taken
into consideration with the nature Gf tho country
which, If az in Brazil large and impenetTablo aOfding
and frequent opportunities OF escape mast tend 20
modify despoiic power; and in connection also, with
the characteristics Of race which IT, az is tho with
the Brazlans free from the prejudces Of color, must
somewhat soften the de ire 10 render tho institution
perpetual-then the element Of popUat,n becomes the
most important one seeking 10 arTSe al correct
knowledge Of the subject.
There is no antnentc OF Brazil in existence.
The Government estimates cOnfesscdv official
gnesses only Humboldt IN 1925 rcckoncd the entire
population Of Brazil OF about 4OOO.UO-of whom
$4,000 were whites, l,9t0OOO were negroes, and
100 900 were OF mixed blood or hatye Indians. Thus
the proportion OF the colored 20 the white
about three 10 An English Parliamentary Report
estimated the population the LIST Of January N be
Whites l0JOOOO; free col0red races, JDJOOO; slaves
3 800 OO-fOur to one. CHRISTIE, the last author who
has written Brazil, late Her Majcstys Envoy Ex.
traordinary and Minister Plenjpotentiary there re-
ports that the total population II about 100000 and
that the number OF slaves Is vaTiousy estimated at
from 500 600 10 1000 60 He states That this is the
calculation of laborious and wel.iuformed writer in
the Rerue dee Denx Mondes Of July, lsG2, and takes
5 900 O0O q mean number and moderate estimate.
1t is safe TO say therefore, that at least every other
person IN Brazil j. syye.
IIl.-No PREJUDICE OF COLOR.
Next comes the question Of race antipathies. The
result of investigation has shown that TO use
the language Of The Boston Daily Advetis there is
country where the white and black minge, In
which the field Is fair for the negro. Ii Is trse tnat
Slavery exists there but 1t is equally true thai is
personal relations that is. between master and slave
not between white man and black Though In Brazil
slave is indeed slave yet negro Is not IN ho Amer
lean sense negro This is the language Of wellin-
formed English author. In Brazil there Is no social
distinction between the black race aud the white,
sulng in the general prescription Of the African. The
have fused-tbe result is equality. There exists
certain pride OF purity Of blood but black blood is no
bar whatever TO advancement. The iBternarry;
they associate without faction jealousy. The negroes
and the muattoes hold Offices Of all grades in the army
| and navy
! Zone result OF this social fasiop" says this same
careful authority has been to make Slavery Sc.
cure from instructions than 10 other countries. As
involuntary seryiude Is wholly condition OF life not
OF race. there many negroes whites who are
SHAREHOLDERS and therefore they much interested
in its perpetuation chiyary In the pamiest
DAYS OF the Z. s. A. As good the whites at the bal
lot box they bad the whites In the slave quar-.
ters."
IV.-NUMERoUs CAyADAs-BUT-
The vast extent OF the country. its immense and i'm
forests the with which life is supported
In the tropics by fruits aud the chasea conspre TO
render II t0lerably safe and by difficult for
fugitive slaves maintain themselves In the depths Of
woods which everywhere invite them to seek their
shelter A paragraph In the last budget OF news from
Brazil will show that these arborai Canadas have al.
ready sheltered great numbers Of negroes:
1.-THE fight OF slaves neutral district Of Amspa south
Of the Oyapok preserved psun by virtue Of oonvenon
between Ffancr sud BTaz continues and IL calculated
go 1900 refugees i've Independently theEe like tho
Maroons ~ former tines Ia JauIsica-'
This relates to a special district, bat everywhere
there are smaller colonies Of these people.
| So far, so good Bot there hangs doubt still
Despite The superior slave population despite tho fra
terla OF the whites despite the frequent OPP