The New York herald., 1866-06-24
Cotton In Gold-views OF . Southern
Planter.
TO THE EDITOR or rHE HERALD.

TO THE EDrron OF THE HERALD.
am glad that the Chamber OF Commerce OF your
great city has spoken upon the proposition before
Congress- to impose a tar OF Ave the pound upon
cotton New York ia the great centre Of the ~orlds
trade upon this continents she therefore occupies posi-
ton from which she all the bearings Of such
ton the part OF the government rha, sach policy,
II carried out will prove disastrous In gh degree not
only the South but to all the States Of this great
public have doubt Cotton is gold 10 the nation In
all OF her exchanges and every bale Of cotton not made
that could have been made s much wealth lost 70 the
nation. Nothing that VIC grow can well supply the
place Of gold s cotton, hence every encouragement
shond be given It's cultivation particularly at the pres
ent time What, only few days ago, caused the ex-
portations in week Of ssh, million dollars Of
gold from this countryf
Our imports have been greater than our exports The
balance Of trade therefore, 10 against To meet this
difference nearly every bob Of cotton found In the South
at the close Of the has been exported The supply
OF cotton having proved insufficient cereals and meats
have been exported to make up the deficiency and what
has been the RESULT why il has been found that pro-
visions cheaper tho than they here
and the parties now engaged In reshpping their
cereals and meats and the vaults Of the country are
forced TO yield up their precious treasure for expectation
Hence the recent heavy erpoaton Of specie from New
York Cotton being the only production upon which we
tO
with other nations, must be made, or the country will
be da ned OF specie our imports continue Five years
ago no ,oSn nr hass ~ ea,on Then hsr broad
fields high state Of cultivation and shc bad AZ
forded her, with the greatest facility, implements
OF latest modern improvements, and artnoiai ma
nures of every kind her entire system Of labor well
schooed and splendldly disciplined scientifically,
skilfuIy and cnergeiealiy handled How Is nov ny
bad and careless cultivation the past fonr years and the
march OF vast armies her soil tho stock upon most
of the plantations has been driven OF implements Of
Huofa udr b.ya hQeu Qafr uyni
pearci bitches have been nIlcd up and whole heds and
even plantations have been abandoned 10 weeds and
bushes; and her entire system OF labor has been DIS
organized Il this thcn opportune occasion 10 pat
add iiona obstacles In the Of him who digs the SOIL
this grca, staple commodity 80 necessary 70 the COM
mcrce of the oountryS Would Il be wise In the
s9sernmcal 1m. when 60 svers,sa a disorvsn,sa
what IL the example set us by other governments
France oniy fcw years ago offered premium of twsn
" thousand francs 20 the most successful cotton
In Egypt England Is stranng every nerve 10 develop
the production o. cotton In her Fast India possessions
that she may not be dependent upon Amerca for sup
ply. Brazil too, stimulated hy the present high price
Of cotton, has entered the list In ~ production If
America were the only par, OF this beautiful earth where
cotton could be grown then the proposition 70 tax u
might be argued with sonc pauslbity but such u not
the Herodotus tells us Il was grown - India n bis
day and time and manufactured into cloth By the
tives Theophrastus mentions II product % Ethi-
opia and Pliny tells us be saw u growing IN Egyp,
Neiuhon travelling In China in tho sixteenth century,
found II there In great sbundan-c where u had been
introduced centuries fore cVlambua when be landed
upon the island OF Cuba and erected his cross ana
took those beartfnl lands 10 the or his sovereign
found there Cortcx found IL IN Mexico and rizarro
found u Peru How happens that ibese countries,
although they have grown cotton time out Of mind,
have never produced 70 any extent for expectation
How comes Il the South, which DID no, commence Ne
cultivation earnest until the present century has made
u The greatest commercial commodity known In either
ancient modern tmesf The answer Is simple, she
owes 2 her former peculiar system ~ ss.r Does
any extent for exporation, thai ber system of
labor Il changed, II there any such Jet them banish
the illusion at once The history Of all peoples and al
nations that cotton has been produced 70 any ev
tent for expectation with free labor and hence cannot
he reasonably expected the south ever DO ~ It's
not pleasant thing 20 work covered with sweat
every day. during tho entire SUMNER. In the cotton
fields % the south; ana will not do u u he
avoid H. without Erc. Incentive " iie 10 say
the black man will not work, for neither white nor
black will do u unless well paid for T. The black
free and he ays he wishes 70 enjoy his freo
DOM and n not greatly stimulated he will not work,
and q be fails ~ work cotton cannot be made The
country present almost entirely dcpendont upon his
muscle for s cultivation, have very ltile available
white labor IL mistake not, our own country mana.
facures about one million bales Of cotton Can ~c Fea-
sonably, under ali the elrcamsianccs expect 70 make
much more than that the present yeMi orins 20,
We scarcely have one-haf he active held labor We bad
before lhe war and that Il only held there BY the da
that the black has that he vii get large price
the fall for share of the crop they having very
generally contrsctcd 10 work for part d shat y
Ics price than twenty ave 70 thirty cents 10 specie per
pond Let the Prize of sink bcos tina, and the gov
eminent impose tar of Ave cents per pound upon "a
and they cannot be induced gather what little made
rl hs south b. slone 10 feeling iss sfecssf No fn
the commsrus Of tbis great republic that WI fcol tn
blow the aeyerest and New Yos bcng the rres' centre
of trade, VII feel the nrvs pulsson and vbrs'on Cot
being noshing That well supply the place of sold s
can dos not that would b rissf on The part