The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-02-21

the Execntve He declared to us In his message do
livered 70 us nj tho commencement Of the session
that had but 10 funl duties egsptors by
cordng equal and exact justice 10 all special priyi
leges to none The only object design OF the bill was
these rights To all men And greatly
prisod that bill designed for such purpose should have
been returned by the Executive with sta,em.n Mt that Il
Is unconstitutional inconsistent with the condition
of the country and at with the OF
the United states Having taken somewhat an active
part In the passage OF this bill called upon vim
dcate myself from a'ing urged upon the consideration
of the Senate bill so unconstitutional and 80 at
rance with the actual condition OF the country that
now declared 10 be- What Is thisS II Is amendment
20 the Freedmen Bureau bill II not original
sure measure establishing bureau but Is merely
amendatory OF act already In existence. Nor does IT,
as seems be supposed by some materially enlarge tho
powers OF the Freedmens Bureau IL already exists II
is entire misapprehension to suppose that such s
the object Of the bi that such would be s effects
II does little more than give the sanction Of
statute provision The Freedmens Bureau, as ihavo
said already exsis Courts held by the Freedmens
Bureau throughout the entire country where that bureau
has any operation under the military authority OF tho
United states Laws Inconsistent, az IL believed, with
the sasety of tho government Incompatible with
military operations aside at this time In all these
Statea The object OF the bill was TO continue In exist
the Freedmen Bureau, not permanently, not as
permanent institution-al such intent was dsavowed
during the discussion Of the bill IL Is true time Is
specified In tho bin when II shall cease TO operate,
is II customary TO insert such clause In any law;
but It was declared that the law should operate untl
otherwise provided by law. 1t Is known that the Con-
gres Of the United States assemblies every year and no
supposes this proposed bill establish bureau 10
be engrafted az a permanent institution OF the conn
try. Far from It. No sir is not Intended that
the bill shall 20 into the States aud control the domestic
affairs OF these states Far from H. II is simply bill
designed 10 provide, not for four millions OF emancpaed
slaves refugees but only for the indigenfor those
who arc unable 10 take care OF themsevesso that they
could become selfsupportng In consequence OF the
war thousands OF Union men were driven from Their
homes all the South This particularly the
in Tennessee where they Ind been stripped Of th'ir
property, and women and children had hed destitute
from their homes They had neither food nor clothing
They focked around armies during the whole pro-
gress Of the war and were fed by our supplies 80 also
with the freedmen. Congress at an early day passed
law declaring free all slaves who came within the lines II
armies. They came flying within lines without
clothing without hats wounded foot sore and distressed
Many VI them entered ranks TO fight for the Of
the country and others we had clothed and fed While
tho was in progress while these people were nockns
around Rrnles the Cd of March 1895, not
ago the Congress of the United states passed Law 10
systematZe the clothing and feeding OF these destitute
negroes place them under the Charge OF special do
pariment OF the military establishment whose duty Il
should lie 10 look after them. That was called the
Froedmens Bureau aud officers were assigned TO ,akc~
charge Of chiefly from the army. Since that time the
conflict OF has ceased, and there stil on
hands of these destitute people who must be pro
vded fora far less number than would have been upon
our hands system had been devised for taking
Of them for finding them employment and settling them
undertake say that there has been saved 10 the gov
ernment millions OF money by tho establishment of the
System through which employment has been found
for these people; and they baye been made self
supporting who would otherwise have been
tireiy dependent upon the bounty Of the govern.
nlcpt for support Since the Frcednens Bureau
was organized amendInsnt has been adopted the
constitution OF the United States declaring that slavery
shall not erist anywhere within is Jurisdiction ny
slaves have become free tcy have become free Ia tho
midst Of hostile population they have become free
without any OF th worlds goods not owning even their
hats upon their heads e coats their backs With
out any supplies OF any kind snywhsrS 10 Obtain tho
next meal 10 them from Starvation Something
must be done TO take care a these people; aud the
froeinen's Bureau has been endeavoring 10 do that
so%enns sow I ,ss , s. bar'Ss % as has 10. s
work has been confined 70 very small compass, a.
shall presently chow by the official record and this mea
which comes 20 us denounced as unconsttutiona,
~ great public charity, "A an in,tttluon dessned
y feod. eothe. take rsre 81 and fsrniss bomss
ioymenr for these destitute t,ss ignorsot those an.
provided for people who arr few In number compared
With the great number Of blacks the whole county
simply for the freedmen ard for the refugees
aud before sn down will show that white rcfu
gsea in many INSTANCES have received support and sup
pcs from tho government from this Frcodmen Bureau
thsn blacks have The President In his message
says thai there v immediate necessity for the pro
posed He says the act which passed 10
esb sh bureau for the relief Of freedmen and refugees
In che month Of March last has not yet expired wa
thought srngont and expensive enough says the Prssi
d.ui for the purpose ~ the time u war Now
ST. when VIII that esproY What ~ II PROVIDED
Ia ~ trst section that there u hereby established
IN the War Department 70 contnnc during the pres
ent war OF The rebellion, and Tor one gear there.
sner, bureau Of refugees, froedmon and sban-
dorOd land, by the prhs of The at a. TO
continue during tbs OF the r,Oeliion, ami
year thereafter Now, sir when DID the war Of the
rebellion oeasof Why far the conflict of nrns
concerned all admit that the ceaged when The Inst
rsbol army aid down ~ That "a Some time Ina
he month of Nav when the rebel army n feTas ruren
dercd 70 tho Union fmoes thai The pres at bureau
must BY ts own Limitation have expired within year
ffom the time when he var ceased Do not hold that
staf that peace restored with all H. o0naequsBres
We have yet esosped from the evils inflated by the
war Peace and harmony Aro not yet restorsd But
the of the rebellion ~ over, aud this bureau
mus, expire IN Way next, according the terms
of 'he sc' ta ~s passed on TIE "a Of Mar 1905 and
sogrhss ., the views of the Presdcn, a. sHrrosscd 10
bis me saFe Tie President ssys u wa thought
sirng nj and extensive enough fof tie psrpase vlsw
IN ne of war Why air. what the cOrdliiOa of tho
oosntry when that act ra~ad IN March, 1867 At that
trra Ino of tbs-c States whrre the freeirnen werc
were undrr retol control and Frccdmers Bur~si
lhat ius could ouly take Jur-i,ion Of such freedmen
and refugees came within the hnss Of tie army for
sing any Jurisdiction throughout most ~ tho
souihern States Il limited Ia H. operations Anf Z
desire ask ali csnior and fairness n, when the
progressed, and ine slaves of F-sss and Mississippi snd
AlstaIaa AM Fior ia aud Ge0ry1a and Vrginm ani
NOfth Carolina al made free By Tho consti.
tntlSnAi anisufuent, I want a. know N "a.
not proper that the Freedncn's Bureau should be
famei % .mOF4oe the destli ute and suffering ~
tho. stats we'll the fss wbo had within Dur
unes when The bil Eas enacted IN 1895 Wa there
h. extend u opersii0nzy And became
erenslve cuogeh foe the Turtse IN tine OF wnr would
follow that 70 extensive enough ior the yurpoae Ia
time o, pose', when -e have jur.sdicon u country
very q Och larger than had time of var But ~
'he President says The b proposes o. csahh by u
Core uil tary isrs tl6n oy or ali tr,s n the pn,,s
tate ,sriEn nc refugees and freedmen. -r desire
" tYesk rse, nuy % The Ezccuiive. but would Ike
70 fno~ shes. "a that bn, any provision
" TIE lnef -ia'ss containing refugees and froemsn
sif, the b contains no snch clause I, Il mi.apprs.
hrnruu 81 the III What doe. u payf The elasse f the
tli .pon that subject 10 this Tho President of tho
Untsd eiata, through the War Department aud The
ComIhsa0n, shall extend military J.rissic,on and pra.
teclion ali employees and ofocFs n the bureau n
the excrcse ~ tho dutses imposed Aahorssd by th
net ~ the set 70 which This s smcndsto." l. ma "a.
difference manifest 70 everybody bctwee = sli that on.
tends m ary l1r sfction over the o'ccrs enpoyes
q ibe bureau and bl which should extent niifizry
JaristIan over all parts u the unei siaics contsnne
relagea sud freefn"D' Why, rr this bill lakos tl.e
FRESHMEN Bureau part ~ tho Naf department IA
mAfef ts Officers aud agents ancuabe the rules and
sricis. u wtr Does that e1tcnd military jur afrtlou
over ne vhoie c1uuiryi How % they arr from any
Othcr p0ri0 a the army ~ ths Tinted -ta'e1-
The army u The Unltef states Ia govsfrsi