davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Saginaw courier., 1866-07-12
Sale of Forfeited Stock.

NOTICE is hereby given that the Shares In
ths Saginaw Valley Petroleum Company,
held bv the following numbered certificates for
feited for non-payment Of assessments, will be
sold at the Office Of VIM. Daslish, Esqr in Ports.
mouth, Bay County, on Tuesday, June l6, at 10
O'clock A. NJ, unless said assessments interest on
same and costa Of advertising are previously paid
Nos 1, 2, and s. -.
,Bv order Of Board of Directors.
WILLIAM wHIPPLR, President.
Saginaw County, May %, 1866.
East Saginaw courier., 1866-07-12

Book OF COMMON PRAYER, in clear
and beautiful print, Russia, Flexible and other
styles Of binding, very choice selection, at the
New Stationery Store, Bliss Block.
@, FRED. LEWIS.
East Saginaw courier., 1866-07-12


RAcrs.-A. w. Gates, having leased
the Track near this city, owned by the
East Sagiu aw Driving Park Assooia-
xUs, and put it in excellent condition.
proposes to open the present season
with a number of races, for which
liberal purses are offered, on Friday'
July 10th, at 2 o'clock p. M. The
following is the programme Tor the
occasion:
Fret Race, Purse s50.-Trotting
Race, mile heats, best 2 in 4 to har-
ness.
Second Race, Purse *25.-Pacing
Race, mile heats, best 2 in 3 to har-
ness.
Third Race, Purse $685. Running
Race, half mile heats, best 2 in 3.
Races open to all horses owned in
Saginaw Valley. Entrance Fee ten
per cent. Entries may be made at
the stables of A. W. Gates q Co.,
East Saginaw.
Mr.. Gates is a gentleman who
means business" and will not fail
to carry out in good faith any agree
ment he may make with the public "or
any other man" He concludes his
inaugural "poster" with the following
notice
TO THE PUBLIC.
The undersigned having leased the
above Track for term OF years, has
put il in excellent condition, and vii
offer, from time to time, liberal purses
with view of enlistihg greater In
terest in the raising and development
of first-class stock of horses in this
section. Parties entering horses iol
the above or any races to come OIL
are assured that entire fairness vii
bo observed, and the most rigid rules
will be enforced to prevent jockeyinl
and all illegitimate practices. as it i
nv design to make the Driving Parl
in every way worthy the support o
the public. No gambling or iquo
selling allowed on the grounds.
East Saginaw courier., 1866-07-12
+. & =, M, RAILWAY.

Trains leave East Saginaw as follows:
Mail Train. 7:l0 A. NJ. Freight and Accom-
mediation, loo P. NJ. Express, 200 p. M.
Trains arrive at East Saginaw:
Express, 1900 M Mail, $3.50 p. NJ. Freight
and Accom- modatIon, lU;25 A. NJ
Abbeville press. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, 1866-02-09

The Tax Books Of the Council will bo found
rom the 10th February to the 1.t March in the
hands of Mr.. JOHN TAGGART, who is author.
ised to receive the Taxes.
Jan. %, 1866 - 13 ct
Abbeville press. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, 1866-02-09

THIS INK has been in general and constant
use for the last twenty years, and is warranted
10 be all that we assert Of it:
1st. 1t is indelible.
I'd. II will not corrode tile pen.
Sd. It flows with perfect facility; line is
never broken.
4th. II will not collect on the pen nor mouth
of the stand. ALI this is warranted. This
Writing Fluid is black, with rich aud glossy
tint Of blue.
will furnish INK in bottles at New York
prices, carefully packed in shipping order in
sized packages required. No charge whatever
will be made for Barrels or Kegs in ordora for
INKS on Draft.
On account of its indelible quality. il has met
with an extensive patronage from Banks aud
Counting Houses generally, and in Schools, be-
rich, glossy blue tint is very invitingsto the eye
Address CLARENCE McCARTIA
Jan. 80 II If Abbeyille, S,C ::
Abbeville press. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, 1866-02-09
STATE TAX COLLECTORS

STATE TAX COLLECTORS
A Nd. COMMISSIONERS TO APPROVE
N PUBLIC SECURITIES, are hereby no
titled that the Act of December, 1866, ITO
raise supplics," &c, (Sec. 81 requires "The
Treasurer to cause the official bonds of the
several Tax Collectors of this State ta be exam
ined by the Commissioners appointed in their
respective Tax Districts to approve public Sc
curitics, and If the said bonds are found to be
sufficient and satisfactory. they shall re affirm
their original approval thereof; but if found
insufficient and unsatisfactory. they shall re-
quire the same to be re.executel and renewed
With good and sufficien. snreties" The POST
OFFICE. and ADDRESS Of each Tax Collector
and of each Chairman of the Board Of Com
missionere. must be furnished to me without
delay. 80 that information as to the penalty Of
each bond and the nnmes of the sureiies there.
atjndge any bond to 1'o Inanfficient and unsat-
isfactory. they will Immediately give notice
the.eof to the Treasurer or Comptroller.Gen-
eral. =: -: ... d.
VIM. HOOD. State Treasurer.
STATE ThEAsuRx oFFIcE. Columbia, January
~ 1866: 80 - =, =. =.
COMpTR OLLER GENERALS OFFICE. :,
-TNAX COLLECTORS are hereby notified
l. that their bonds must be approved. by the
Commissioners to approve public securities, in
accordance with the foregoing notice of the
Treasurer. BEFORE THE FIRST OF APRIL
NEXT, otherwise they will not be authorized
making their assessments
$500. - JAMES A. BLAeK,
Comptroller. General.
: jan. 20. 1855, r2t .
= eB All papers in the State give one week.
'ly insertion for two consecutive weeks.
Abbeville press. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, 1866-02-09
[COPY.l
[C COPY.l .--..
PRINCIPAL BRANCH
OF THE
" NATIONAL INK COMPANY
OF NEW YORK.

Mr.. CLARENCE McCARTHA, having
been appointed Salesman and General Agent
is the representative of above Company for .he
District Of Abbeville, State Of South Carolina
All parties therefore, whether having dealt with
US previously or otherwise, will please avail
themselves of the advantages Of dealing Dir ectly
with,he representative of our house there; they
will find it 10 their pecuniary interest to do go.
c. L. VAN ALLEN, Actuary.
Abbeville press. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1860-1869, 1866-02-09


!: K. ~
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

BENNINGTON RAcEs.-A trot took place
on the Bennsngton driving course, for
the several prizes given below, on
Wednesday last: First purse, 800,
won by the Lady Hulett," owned by
Mr.. Wilkinson, of Troy, who trotted her
mile in good time, considering the bad
condition OF the track, rendered so by a
violent shower Immediately preceding.
Second purse, a magnificent whip, won
by the sorrel horse owned by Frank
Bradford, of Bennington. Time, three
minutes, to road wagon. Third purse,
SIS, was closely contested for by j. H.
Woodman with his bay horse "Major,"
and G. H. Root, with his black mare
'Nellie"-both green horses. The con-
testants were both of Bennington prize
won by the latter. Time, 2.55. More
than one thousand persons were in at
tendance, TO witness the races.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

SABBATH School CONVENTION. - The
second annual meeting of the Rutland
County Sabbath School Union will be
held at Rutland, Tuesday and Wednes-
day, June 26 and 81, 1866, commencing
at l o'clock p. m, of Tuesday.
Addresses may be expected from Rev.
Mr.. Smart of Benson, and Rev Mr..
Johnson of Wallingford.
Wednesday afternoon will be devoted
to the children connected with the vari-
Gus Sabbath Schools in Rutland and
vicinity.
The Rutland G. Burlington aud Rut-
land & Washington Railroads will carry
all persons attending the meeting for
fare one way.
A large attendance is hoped for from
every town and every Evangelical Sab
bath School in the County.
JOHN G. Hale, Secretary.
East Poultney, VT, June IS, 1866.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

A COMPLIMENT FROM THE LADIEs.-The
ladies Of St. Adams gave a dinner on
Saturday to the Band Of the Third U. s.
Artillery, stationed at that place for the
past few weeks. The Messenger says it
was an agreeable affair, rejecting credit
on the ladies for their liberality, and on
the Band for such a pleasant acknowl-
ment of its musical talent.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

Mr.. KELLY RELEAsED.-Mr. Kelly, the
N. Y. Tribune correspondent, captured
and imprisoned by the Canadian author
tiles, has been released, we hear, on de-
mand made by Consul-General Potter.
He was arrested as a Fenian and con-
fined in Montreal.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21
A NovRL Battle AT EAGLE BRIDe.-I

A NovRL BArrLR AT EAGLE BRIDd.-
A Mr.. George Sherman had some diff
Guilty with the bsr.keeper at Eagle
Bridge On, W few days since, and was
driven ont OF the bar room. He soon
came back with a wagon load OF stones
and commenced stormlng the castle, y
The stones flew thick and heavy, smash
Ing windows and things generally, The
bar keeper finally fired back with empty
beer bottles and the assaiant was driven
off.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

A New PAPER.-"National Opinion"
is the name Of a new paper started at
Bradford, Orange County, by A, A,
Earle. Mr.. Earle was for many years
publisher and editor of the "Orleans
County Independent Standard" at Iras-
burg, which he removed to Barton, a
short time since. Having recently sold
out the Standard, he has started this
new enterprise. Orange County needs a
good, lively, independent paper, and her
people are abundantly able to support
one. But whether they will or not, re-
mains to be seen. If Mr.. Earle sue
ceeds in making such paper, he will
have settled the question on his part
and he will soon ascertain the spirit and
disposition of the community.
The paper will be Republican in poll
tics, but the publisher proposes to de-
vote more space to local and general
news than to the discussion Of political
questions, Mr.. Earle seems to have en-
tered upon his experiment with splri
and confidence. He says
ave are familiar with the history o
newspaper publishing in Bradford !; fol
twenty years have witnessed the up,
and downs Of newspaper life in this vi
cinity. and are thoroughly acquainted
with the causes Of most of the failures
that have happened in this regard. w
therefore commence the publication 0
the National Opinion with our eyes wild
open and our senses in full play; ant
should we fail, too, and our paper go tt
that bourne from which no traveller re
turns, we shall neither ask nor deserv
the pity Of any one.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

The SEMINARY LooATED,-rhe board
of commissioners, TO whom was referred
the question of locating the Seminary
of the Vermont Conference, to take the
place of the other Methodist Seminaries
in the State, held its tlnal meeting last
Thursday evening and decided in favor
of Montpelier. The vote of the board
WASH unanimous.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

THE NEW COLLECTOR AT BURLINGTON.
The Burlington Times, speaking of
Gen. Stannard, the newly appointed Col
lector at Burlington, pays him this COM
pliment:
"Gen. Stannard has long been an ar
dent, unCompromising Republican, but
never a politician. He despises from the
bottom of his heart the chicanery of po-
litical triCksters, and those who reckon
on him as a political headcente for
Vermont will find their mistake The
cOlleCtOrship in his hands will be devo,
ted to its legitimate duties, and we be-
lieve the public will find no cause to
complain Of the Generals laithfulness
as public officer"
And again:
"Mr. Clapp is wealthy, and needs not
the salary and fees his Office ahOrdS,-
the brave soldier with the empty sleeve
whom the Secretary OF War and Lieut..
Gen. Grant admired so much az to ask
personally Of the President his appoint
nent, does need and cmineptly deserves
the Collectorship He has been appoint
ed and confirmed, and all the people say
amen"
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

The LIQUOR LAW tx RUTLAND.-J. c.
Thornton was yesterday brought before
Justice Newman Weeks, on complaint
of c. H. Joyce, Town Grand Juror, for
violation Of the liquor law, and was
fined $780, and costs, $11.61.
Also, L. D. Kenney was at the same
time fined $40, and costs, 1896, for vio-
lating the same law.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

BU1LDING.-We learn that j. R. Colby
Of this place, mason and builder, has the
contract for laying four millions of brick
in the pleasant village Of Holyoke, Mass.
Masons wishing to secure a steady job
and good pay, must apply soon. See
advertisement in another column.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

"Jes' sor'-"Exacty''- Solon Shingle said.
they were there every time" If he felt vov.
ley in the morning, he took Plantation Bltter..
If he felt weary at night, he took Plantation
Bittcrs; If he lacked appetite, was weak Inn.
guild or mentally oppressed, he TOOK Plantation
Bitters; and they never failed to set him on hi,
pms square ana hrm'
NC" persons "''''"'y '',',' "u'"oF''y' but
as so''' may just ''"o tue 'o"o"'Ns
'"' '""'" ~ '"' '"' verify
D,''''' '''' '''''''''' ''''''' navy ''''u my
INV .,-.....,.,., ,...
" - " -'>'N'''''''' '''''''' IVY w. l.
nave o''" great s'"cEeT from
Dyspepsia ana h"u TO ABANDON preaching,
Inc Fian'aton b'lters have
cured me,
REV. c. A. WILDWOOD, New York City,
had lost all appetitc-va. .,
weak md cpcr,ated could hardly walk am,
had , norf,ct dread or .orioh, ~
p,,.,.,,..,,, p;t,.r. ,,,.,., SAT- ,,,..'.,r
r,,,t,S tIr-r,IIN-y-,y e. Io,i.,,..,
"' ''"'"''o" p'.'''S l'''e'Fec
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

HoMGOPATHIC,-The Vermont Homo
Opathic Medical Society held its twelfth
annual meeting at the State House, in
Montpelier, on Wednesday and Thurs,
day, June 9Th and It'll, 1866.
The attendance was large, and the ses-
sion harmonious and instructive. Sew
eral elaborate articles upon intermittent
fevers, dyptheria, &c, were presented to
the society, and ordered placed on rec,
ord.
Appropriate resolutions were passed
upon the death Of Drs. Greene and Tay-
l0r, and the Secretary ordered to forward
copies to friends.
The officers elected for the ensuing year
are:
G. E. E. Sparhawk, NJ. D., Pres't.
G. W. Scott, NJ. D., Vice Pres't.
NJ. L. Scott, NJ. D., Recording Secret
airy.
NJ G. Houghton, NJ. D., Corresponding
Secretary.
H. M. Hunter, NJ. D., Treasurer.
G. H. Chamberlain, Auditor.
The next annual meeting will be held
at Montpelier in June, 1867.
NJ. L. SCOTT. Secretary
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

1t is a most delightful Hair Dressing.
1t cradicatcs scurf and dandruf
1t keeps the head cool and clean
1t makes the hair rich soft and glossy
1t prevents hair turning grayand falling Of
1t restores hair npon permanently bald heads.
This is just whist Lyon Kathairon vii. do
1t is pretty-it is cheap-durable. 1t is literally
sold by thecar-load, and yet its almost iacredl'
bic demand is daily increasing, until there Is
hardly country store that docs not keep i,oEa
family that does not use
f. THOMAS LYON. Chemist, y. Y.
Saratoga Spring Water, sold by all Druggists
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

Aqua De MAGSoLIA.-A toilet deliybt g.
perior to any Cologne, used to battle the lac.
and person, to render the skin soft and fresh 10
allay inflammation, to perfume clothing, for head.
ache, Sc 1t is manufactured from the r,c,
Southern Magnolia, and is obtaining patron.
age quite unprecedented, Itisa fayorite vii 40
tresses and opera singers, 1t is sold by all dea,
ers, at 81 in large bottles, andby Demas Barpe.
4 Co, New York, Wholesale agents
Saratoga Spring Water sold by all Druggists.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

AMY SToNE's SENSATION TROUPE
This dramatic company we hear every
where well spoken Of A correspondent
writes US; "Please inform the citizens
of Rutland and vicinity that if they
wish to see fine acting, and listen to fine
music, to fail not to attend the enter
tainments given by Amy Stones Troupe.
We know whereof we speak"
They begin a series Of three evenings
entertainment at the Rutland Town
Hall, on Thursday evening next.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21
DAVIS ON THE NEGRO.

Speaking of the negroes, Mr.. Davis re-
marked, as regards their future, he saw
no reason why they must die out, I'M
less remaining idle. If herded together
in idleness and filth, as in the villages
established by our military power, the
smallpox, RIGHTEOUSNESS and drunken
ness would make short work of them.
But remaining on the plantations, as
heretofore, and employed for wages, they
were a docile and provocative people,
altogether differing from the Indians, and
not likely to die out like the latter. Their
labor was needed; and though they could
not multiply so fast in freedom as I'M
der their former wholesome restraints,
he saw no good argument for their dy-
ING out.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21
DAVIS ON FENIANIsM,

1t may interest the Fenians to learn
that jeff. Davis regards Fenianism as a
"larce to make angels weepm
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

foreign war, either with France or Eng
land, or both, as are now SO often sug-
gested in the public journals OF Ameri-
ca, and their extracts from the European
press"
DAVIS ON ANDBRsoNvILLE,
Mr.. Davis'S brief explanation of the
cruelties practiced toward prisoners in
the South will reawaken painful in
terest. But he falls 10 account for the
monstrOuS measure of the crimes perpe-
trated at Andersonvllle and Salisbury !:
There was food in the conlederacy
but no means for its collection, the hOl-
ders hiding it after the currency had
become deprecated and if collected
then came the difficulty gifts transpor-
tation. Their railroads We're overtaxed,
and the rolling. stock soon gave out.
They could not feed their own troops ::
and prisoners of war in all countries
and ages have had cause of complaint.
Some orhis people confined in the West
and at Lookout Point had been nearly
starved at certain times, though he we'll
knew, or well believed, full prison ra-
lions had been ordered and paid fori
these cases.
Herd men together in idleness within
an Enclosure, their arms taken from
them, their organization lost, without
employment for their time, and you
will find it difficult to keep them in
good health. They were ordered TO re-
ceive precisely the same rations given
to the troops guarding them but dis
hA I apinG prnUnGt IN ar
shals were not confined to any people.
Doubtless the prisoners on both sides
often suffered that the officers having
charge of them might grow rich but
wherever such dishonesty could be
| brought home, prompt punishment fol
lowed. Gen. Winder and Col. North
rOp did the best they could, he believed;
but both were poorly obeyed or secon-
ded by their subordinates. To hold
him responsible for such unauthorized
privations was both cruel and absurd
He issued order after order on the sub.
| ieCt, and conscious of the extreme diff.
| Guilty of feeding the prisoners made the
most liberal offers for exChange-almOst
| willing to accept any terms that would
release his people from their burden
NOn-exchange, however, was the policy
adopted by the Federal government
just as Austria, in her late campaign:
against Frederick the Great, refused Il
exchange her calculation being, tina
as her population was five times mort
numerous than Prussia's the refusa
would be q wise measure. That it MAJ
have been prudent, though inhumal
situated as the South was, he was no
prepared to deny but protested agains
being held responsible for evils which
no powers Of his could avert, and to es
cape from which almost any concession
had been offered.
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

newspaper that reaches me; and, per.
haps my own sad fate has tinged with
its gloom the vista OF the future ifthus
alienated, disjointed and adrlft, the coun-
try should be visited with such trials Of
foreign war, either with France or Eng
land, or both, as are now SO often sug-
gested in the public journals of Ameri-
ca, and their extracts from the European
press
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

Who would not be beautiful? Who wouIdno
add to their beauty? What gives that marble
purity and distingue appearance we observeupon
the stage, and the city belle? 1t is no longer
secret They use Hagan's Magnolia Balm. IL
continued use removes tan frecldes, pimples ano
roughness, from the face and hands, and leaves
the complexion smooth, transparent, blooming
and ravishing. Unlike many cosmetics, it con
tains no material injurious to the skin. Any
Druggist will order it for you, if net on hand al
so cts. per bottle
W. f. HAGAN, Troy n. Y. Chemist
DEMAs. BARNES & co. Wholesale Agent
New York.
Saratoga Spring Water, sold by all DruggIs''
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

OVER a MILLION DOLLARS SAVED Gentle.
men: Il had negro man worth 81 900 who took
cold from bad hurt in the leg, and was useless
for over a year. l had used everything l could
hear Of without benefit, until tried the Mex.
can Mustang Liuiment. 1t soon effected per:
mantnt cure l.. L. DOWNING,
Montgomery, Ala, June Il, 1859.
Il take pleasure in recommending the Mex
can Mustang Lniment as a valuable and ind..
pensiblc article for Sprains, Sores, Scratches OF
Calls on Horses. Our men have used il for
Burns, Bruises Sores, Rheumatism, &c, and all
say its acts like magic" j. W HEWITT,
Foreman for American, Wells, Fargo's and
Hardens Express.
"The sprain of my daughters ankle occa'
toned while skating last winter, was entirely
cured in one week, after she commenced us.l-
your celebrated Mustang Linimcnt,
ED. sEELEY.
Gloucester, Mas. Aug, ]. ISIS.
Iii an admitted fact THAI the Mexican Ma,
tang Liuimcnt performs more cures in shortG
time, on man and beast, than any article eve
discovered. Families, Hyery,mcn and planters
should AWAY. haycit on hand. Quick and sure
it ccrtainlyis. Algcuuine is wrapped in steel
plate cugravings. bearing the signature Of {. W
Wcstbrook, Chemist, and the private [. 5. stamp
Of Demas Barnes u Co. over the top.
An effort has been made to counterfeit i, with
n chrgu Stone pl9tc label Look closely
Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-06-21

was to oppose an arbitrary eplthet
against the authority of all writers on
international law. Vattel deduces from
his study of all former precedents-and
all subsequent international jurists have
agreed with him-that when nation
separates into two parts, each claiming
independence, and both or either setting
up a new government, their quarrel,
should 1t come TO trial by arms or by
diplomacy, shall be- regarded and settled
precisely as though II We're difference
between two separate nations, which
the divided sections, de faeto, have be.
come, Each must observe the laws Of
war in the treatment of CaptiveS taken
in battle, and such negotiations as may
from time to time arise shall be con-
Quoted ~ between Independent and SOW
ereign powers, Mere riots, or Couspira'
cies for lawless objects, in which only
limited fractions of a people are irregu'
larry engaged, may be properly treated
as treason, and punished as the public
good may require; but Edmund Burke
had exhausted argument on the subject
in his memorable phrase, applied to the
first American movement for independ-
ence: Il know not how an indictment
against whole people shall be framed,
But for Mr. Lincoln's untimcly death,
Mr.. Davis thought there could have
been no question raised upon the sub
ject. That event-more calamity to
the South than the North, in the time
and manner of its transpiring-had in
famed popular passions to the highest
pitch, and made the people of the section
which had lost their chief now seek IS
an equivalent the life of the chief of the
section conquered. This was an i'm
pulse of passion, not a conclusion which
judgment or justice could support, Mr.,
Lincoln, through his entire administers
ton, had acknowledged the South as 4
belligerent nationality, exchanging pris-
oners of war, establishing truces, and
sometimes sending, sometimes receiving,
propositions for peace.