The Carolina Spartan. [volume] (Spartanburg, S.C.) 1852-1896, 1866-04-12

vi VAo snaii De paid to each Commissioner
IN every case brought before him, and A
Zee OF live dollars to his deputy or depu.
ties for each person he or they may arrest
ana take before any such Commissioner,
with such other fees as may be deemed
reasonable by such Commissioner in pen-
eral Tor performing such other duties as
may be required in the premises. All
these ices are to be paid out of the Trea-
sury OF the United States whether there is
conviction or not; but in case of conyie-
ton they are to be recoverable from the
defendant. 1t seems to me that under the
influence OF such temptations. bad men
might convert any law, however benefcent.
intoan instrument persecution and fraud
| ny the eighth section of the bill, tho
onited states Courts, which sit in only
one place tor white citizens, must migrate
Win the Marshal and District Attorney.
ana necessarily with the Clerk (although
ne is not mentoned,) to any part of the
District, upon the order of the President.
ana there hold court for the purpose of
the more spe :dy arrest and trial of persons
charged with violation of this ac; and
there the judge and officers of the court
must remain, upon the order O! the Presi-
a..
Inc ninth section authorizes the Presi-
ae"t, VI such person as he may empower
,or ,hat pu pose, to employ such part of the
iahu or naval forces of the United States,
OF OF the militia, as shall be necessary to
prevent the violation and enforce the due
execution OF this act. This language seems
70 imply permanent military force that ia
TO be always at hand. and whose only bu-
slness is to be the enforcement of this mea-
sure over the vast region where it is in
tended TO operate
90 not propose to consider the policy
OF this bill To me the detail. of the bill
are fraught with evil. The white race
and black race of the South have hitherto
iived together under the relation of master
ana s'ave-capital owning labor. Now that
relation Is changed and as to ownership.
capital and labor are divorced The stand
now, each master Of itself. In this new
relation one being necessary to the other.
'here VIII De new adjustment, which both
are deePiy interested In making harmoni-
GUS Each has equal power in setting the
terms and, IT lett to the laws that regu.
iate capitai and labor, 1t is confidently be-
ne'eu that they will satisfactorily work out
the problem. Capital, 1t is tr1e, has more
Intelligence; but labor is never SO igno-
rant as not to understand its own interests.
not To know its own value, and not to see
that capital must pay that value This
bill illustrates this adjustment. Ii inter
venes between capital and labor. and at.
'e"p.s 10 settle questions OF political econ
oiny through the agency OF numerous Off
ciais, whose interest it will be to foment
aiscord between the two races for as the
oreach widens, their employment will con.
tihue; and when 1t Is closed, their occu.
patton Will terminate. In all our history,
IN all our experience US Z people living
uhuer Federal and State law, no such sys.
tenn rs that contemplated by the details of this
Tn Tu'' nus ever oeiore been proposed or adopted.
Ihey establish Tor the security of the coiored
| race safeguards which 60 infinitely beyond any
| thai the general government has ever provided
ior ihe White race. In fact, the distinction Of
race and color is by the bill made to operate
In iaVor OF the colorcd and against the white
| race They Interfere with the muuicipal legis-
iation oil the States with relations existing
exclusively between State and its citizens or
between inhabitants of the same State an alb
| sorP'ioh anu assumption of power by the gen
c'"t government which, if ifacquiesced in must
zap and destrory our iederatiye system OF limi
| Tea powers, anu break down the barriers which
| '"S lbHNS VI tue states. Ii Is
| o'her STEP or rather stride, to Capitalization
ana the concentration of a.! legislative powers
| III 'he national government. The tendency Of
| ihe OIL must be TO resuscitate the spirit OF re-
beIilon, and 10 arrest the progress OF those in
| huences which are more closely drawing around
the states the bonds of union and peace
My iamented predecessor. in his proclama-
ton OF the lst OF January, 1868, ordered and
declared that all persons held as slaves within
certain states and parts Of States therein de-
siSnated, were, and thenceforward should be
| Tee; ana further, that the Executive Govern
meht OF the United States, including the mill
tary and naval authorities thereof. would re-
coghize and maintain the freedom of such per-
sons This guaranty has been rendered cs-
Pecia'ly obligatory an sacred by the amend
ment OF the Constitution abolishng slavery
throughou. the United States |, therefore.
iuily recognize the obligation TO protect and
defend that class of our people whenever and
wherever 1t shall become necessary and to the
full extent, compati, le with the constitution of
the United States Entertaining these septi
ments, IL only remains for me TO say that will
oheerfully cooperate with Congress in any
measure that may be necessary for the preser-
vation of the civil rights of the freedmen. as
well as those of all other classes of persons
throughout the United States, by judicial pro-
cess under equal and impartial laws, or con-
| formally with the provisions of tho Federal