The New York herald., 1866-09-29
THE ITALIAN QUESTION.
The French Evacuation of Rome.



This day brnas round the second anniversary that
convention between France Italy by the terms
of which the Emperor Napoleon engaged 10 withdraw
his troops from Rome. considerable part Of the i'm
peria garrison has already left that city aud is under
stood that the evacuation win be complete by the 9th of
December. Meanwhile the so-caled Franco Pontidcal
Legion, 205 men strong TO embark last Thursday
at Antilles for Civa yecchia, board the French
steamer FL Dorado. On Sunday last General d'Au-
rele the officer In command Of the Ninth French mill
arv division, delivered the Legion the hands of the
pontifcal commissioners, General de courten and NJ
Massimi the Military sub intendent
After fully eighteen years OF the most painful ex
penenoe, the Emperor Napoleon must be aware that he
terms IL uhen he toak up 1s4S The Pope had
that uncture been left at the mercy of his subjects
political passions had risen so high ronnd the Vatican
that an expedition TO Rome meant TO the Pope
from personal outrage, justified in the opinion of
all reasonable men, Anything beyond personal prolcc-
uon and safe retreat from the midst of his revolution
lied subjects could not and should not have been
tended to the Pope All efforts to prop up reform
his government were made in vain, and their
ntter futiity is now emphaticay acknowledged
The Pope will soon be once more in the
hands OF his Subjects, and these deter
mined 10 be rid Of him, it doubtful whether even the
1o5 hirengs from Antilles could do for their
Sovereign than favor his second flight The Pope can
boundess protection OF foreign Power; and do
see how this protection can ever be found compat BILE
with his pretensons as self sianding potentaie We
hear that the spiritual office of the head OF the
Church requires for its free and full exercise the pere,
Independence of his person.; that the independence
OF his person cannot be secured without exemption from
all temporal superors," that 'ths exemption requires
sphere Of his own' but for all that not
vnced either that Papal sovereignty and sovereignty in
Rome is necessity tbat such sovereignty fulGls
the condition of securing the personal independence OF
the PontiH or the free exercise of his Office.
Are not the Romans men Why should they.
against their consent in spite Of the protest they have
entered against their fate for Thousand years. be sacr
feed TO the exigencies OF ancied independence Of
a fictitious exemption of the Head OF the Church
from all temporal superiors2 II Is his temporal SOW
eregnty and nothing else that makes the Pope's posi-
ton precarious and dependent the good pleasure
now OF an Austrian, nov OF French monarch now Of
French military commander. of civil com
missioner, and presently of the Chef OF the Antbs
mercenarics However true u may be that Emperors
and Countesses have given the soil of Rome the Pope
II is equally nndenable TINT Providence has not given
him the heart OF the Romans. There is, firmly be-
heve, instance the 'nortd of ano,r community that
hos 1sed so mag the Pdpol government nit strong
and desprcfed and conqueraoie dntipGthy the part
Of U.e snliects