New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1866-02-06

with peculiar privileges and powers and there shall De no ue
but all persons shall be equal before tho law whether In the
or At the bsoboI and this statute made IN pa
land anything the Constitution OF laws Of any such State
TO the contrary notwithstanding.
Mr.. SUMNER gave briefly his obje ctions to the pro.
posed Constitutional amendment, which he character
lied nothing else than another compromise OF human
rights as II the country bad not already paid enough IN
costly treasure and more costly blood for such compro
misses In the past 1t was wrong TO admit In the Con-
stituiion the idea that could hold property in man.
and 50 also the kindred idea Of inequality race and
thus openly set at nought the first principles OF the
Declaration OF Independence and the guarantee OF
republican form OF government itself. An amend.
ment according 10 the dictionaries, is an
Improvement and change for the better surely the
present proposition Is amendment which, like the
crab. goes backward There are 100000 Of citizens
now robbed of all share in the Government Of their
country while at tho time they taxed directly
or indirectly for The support OF the Government And
this tyranny OF taxation without representation II is
now proposed to recognize not inconsistent with Con
government. Spcakirg. With sincere Difference
for those valued friends from whom he differed,
he submitted that the tine had come az
last when all compromises OF human rights should
cease Especially there should be no thought of
handed compromise. which, after degrading tho
Constitution. announced bcneicert power and lastly.
borrowing example from the times OF Pontils Plate.
turned out whole race TO sacrifice Mr. sumner then
proceeded to his argument the powers OF Congress
to procure equal rights for all; and he began by eI.
pres heartfelt aspiration that the dag might
come when the states lately in rebellion could DO
oeved into the copartnership Of political power, and
into the ful fellowship Of the Union. He saw full vel
that il was vain 20 expect this day. which much
longed for until We. had obtained that security
for the future which found only IN the
equal rights OF all whether In the courtroom
or ballot box The powers Congress on this subject
were as ample as they were beneicent. From four
special tounts they Cow. each sufficient for the purposes
all four swelling into Irresistible current and tend
ing to one conclusion: First: The necessity Of the
case BY which according the analogy of the Terrific
RES dsloyal States, having no local government,
sIse under the authority of Congress; Secondly: The
rights Of war which do not expire or lose their grasp
except with the establishments all needf1 guarantees
Thirdly: The Constitutional injunction TO guarantee
republican form Of government and, Fourthly; The
Constitutional amendment by which Congress IN words
Of peculiar energy ssupOwored 10 enforce the abolition
OF Slavery by appropriate legislation. According TO
the proyerb Of Catholic Europe, all roads lend 70
Rome aud do all these powers lead 10 the Jurlsdle
ton Of Coneress over this whole subject. No matter
which road you take. you arrive AZ the same point
The two first powers Of Congress have already been
discuss ed and exhnusted. The latter have been less
considered and II IA these thst he proposed 10 speak
to-day He proposed, with the permission Of tho
Senate to show the necessity ana duly OF exercising
the Jurisdiction Of Congress IS 10 secure t@t essen
tn conditon-the equal rights vi ALL and he put aside
NJ the outset that eiaphy steal question worthy OF the
schoomaster In the dark ages. whetAer certain states
ar, In the Union out Of the Union This Is cues.
tion OF form no; II substances OF words only. and not
OF fact For the Substance IL clear and the facts are
unanswcrabc. Al ere agreed according TO the anthoF
ity OF President Icon. II his latest utieTarce before
his lanontel dealt lG, these States have ceased 10 be
in pr-ctical seni oBH with the Union. And tots is
enough 10 Sustain the jurisdiction OF Congress, even
without the pain words of the Constitution IN two sep
arats texts. Necessity and duty commingle II what
a. necessary is not always according 10 duty, surely
duty is always peee,tlty On The present occasion
they unite voice FOR this great guarantee IL 10 at
once a necessity aud duty. CHANGING at tho promises vi
the hers he should exhibit first the overriding
atty OF the tines and secondly the positive mandate Of
form OF government. and thus 10 determine what -
meant by This requirement. all Of which has been fort
fed by the Constitutional amendment authorizing Con
grcss enforce the abolition Of slavery The demand
Which be made stood necessity. Tho Senate must
grant It or peril the peace OF TIE Republic and post
poue indefinitely the great day Of security and
Citation. Therefore, IN the name Of that national
safety which the supreme law he began HIS appeal
Whatever 10 required for the national safety Is consti
tntionaL Not only may bc done but II must be- DONE
Not to do Is 10 fail IN duty This Republic must to
sumner As the c,ilblslment OF the equal
rights OF ALL that there stall be no eI.
cuson Of any Kind, civil or political founded on color
an act win be- the words If Pre- sident Lincoln
act OF Justice warranted by the Constitutions military
the enranohsement thus promised shall be performed
The freedmen. though foFbeafng and slow TO anger,
will not submit 70 outrage always. He viii resist.
Resistance will be organized and then viii begin the
terrible war OF races foreseen by jefferson. where
God with all his attributes. has none which will take
part with the oppressors. The tragedy OF ST. Domingo
viii be renewed a wider theator with boodier incl
dents Be warned by this historic precedent.
Ii was the denial OF rights TO colored
people after excessive promises that caused
tba fearful insnrrecton after various yiclssitudes,
during which the rights OF citizenship were conferred
on free people Of color and then resumed the slaves at
last rose and here the soul sickcns at the recital.
| Toussaint L'OuyeTture, black Of unmixcd blood.
placed himself at the head of his race showing the
genius Of and the genius Of statesmauship also.
Under his magnanim0us rule the beautiful island began
10 smile once agriculture revived commerce took
n new start the whites protected in
person, and Constitution was adopted acknow-
lodging the authority OF France, the making
no distinction on account OF race OF color
In an evil hour this policy was reversed by decree Of
Napoleon Bonaparte. War revived and the French
army wts compelled TO succumb. The connection OF
st. Domngo with France WINS broken and this island
became black Republic. All this dreary catalogue Of
murder battle. misery and woe began IN the denial oil
Justice % he coored race And only recently we Lear
Of A similar tragedy in Jamaica, thus swelling the
terrible testimony. Like causes produce Ike effects
Therefore nil this will be If We mady persist In the
sane denial Of justice The freedmen among us are not
unlike the freedmen Of ST. Domingo or Jamaica Ihoy
have the same organs dimensions senses. affections,
passions and. above ALL thessame sense OF wrong and
the revenge Passing from the necessity OF the
cass Mr. Sumner proceeded 10 consider the guarantee
of republican form OF rernment by the Constitution
Assuming that there has been lapse Of government IN
any State as to impose upon the United States the
duty of executing this guarantee then would he insist
that Il IL the bounden duty OF the United States 10 see
that such State has republican Government and In
the discharge OF this bounden duty they must declare
that State which in the foundation Of its government
sets aside the consent Of the governed which imposes
taxation without representation, which discards the
principle OF equal rights, and which lodges power e1
clusively with an ogarchy. aristocraey, caste. or
monopoly, cannot be recognized S republican
Govern ient according 10 tho requirement OF
American institutions. Even II IL may satisfy
some definition handed down from antiquity
or in enied In monarchca imagnations 10 cannot sas
~ the solemn injunction OF our Constitution For TINS
question now ask hearing. Nothing In the present
debate can equal ii In importance. Its correct deter
m.naon will DO an epoch for our country and maniua
This Is die question Theory or abstraction Is
A practical question which yoa are summoned to de.
eide eros tho poftive text Of the Constitution and
YOU must now Tx It's meaning. You cannot evade ~