The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1866-11-28
SKETCHES OF TRAVEL.
LETTER NUMBER XXI.

through Germany from the extreme South to tho
Baltic North Soa, from Berlin to tho Rhine, and
have also visited oil OF hor principal cities. In this
long journey have endeayored to keep my Dyes
and oars wido open to see as much of the country
as could. But to record tho thousand and ono
objects that present themselves in such journey
is not an easy matter; noto down tho principal
objects of interest to be digosted and writton out
when have more leisure. like the honest, opon-
hearted German people, and have studied carefully
their manners, habits, customs, and examined
their system of education, commerce., agriculture,
manufacturing and railroads. have reviewed two
of he mostpoworful armies in Europe, standing in
battle array. am in the rfamed city Of Frank
FORT just in time to witness its last free days. The
terrible scenes and trials through which this old
free city has recently passed. and its historical
sociations, having beon for more than soven hun
dred years free town, and during long period
the capital of tho great German Confederation
oil these circumstances render the city, ut this
time, peculiarly interesting. Here the election
and crowning Of the Emperors of Germany have
takon place for centuries. Franfort has beon tho
seat of the largest banking houses in the world
It was in narrow alley of Frankfort that the
founder Of the great banking house of RoTHsoHrLD
was born. Yonng RoTHsoHILD began life without
money or family influence; but he possessed in
dustry, energy, economy and honesty-qualifca-
tonB which insure success It is estimated that
the different governments in Europe owe the
RoTHsouuDs ut thousand millions Of dollars In
the immonse business transactions of this house,
they look moro carefully into tho security of the
negotiation than tho large profits. The treatment
Of Frankfort by tho Prussian Generals has excited
universal indignation in Europe. Gen. REEDER
demanded from the Mayor thirty million forins,
with q threat that if the money was not forthcom-
ing in twonty-four hours, the postofice and tele-
graph would be closed, and tho city guarded to
prevent any articles of food from entering. Those
demands wero made the right Of war, which,
after all, is but the right Of tho strong over the
weak, and should only be praoticed in barbarous
countries But war, in its most modified usages is
nothing but species Of barbarian. No Christian
nation should engage in it. Mayor FE1LEn paid six
million forins and lqudated the balance of the
justifable demand by hanging himsolf to the bed
post. The excitement was great in the city, the
coffin was removed to the cemetery at night, and
the funeral took plaoe ut o'clock A. NJ, instead Of
9, as advertised. Notwithstanding this precaution
the concourse Of people was immense.
Nearly every ono here has Prussan soldiers bill
leted upon his promises; one family was required
to provide for two hundred, because the Indies
throw flowers from their windows upon the Aus
trian troops and brick bats upon tho Prussians.
moro spirited and vindictive than tho men. The
fair daughters would be better employed in strow-
ing olive branches, for makes for them any
thing but beds of roses and deprives many one
of lifetime companion Germany, from the days
of JULIUS CESAR, has occupied prominent posi-
tion in the history of Europe. Tho Romans ex-
tended their conquests over Spain, Franco and
England, but never over tho Fatherland. It is
| situated in the centre Of Europe, and in longth,
from tho Adrintic to the North Sea, $50 miles in
breadth, from Belgium to Russia, $50 miles, and
contains so, 900 square miles, with population Of
seventy mllions-in tho new organization, being
pretty equally divided between Prussia and Aus
tria, and their allies In nearly every quarter OF
Germany extensive chains Of mountains are to be
found, but mono Of them will compare in height,
or beauty Of scenery, to those Of Switzerland The
most elevated mountains saw wero in Bavaria,
their submits being white with snow even in
August. was surprised to find in this old country
immense forests Of timber, which are source OF
great wealth. Moro than fourth Of Germany is
| covered with forests. The climate varies with
the elevation Of the different localities, but neither
| the heat nor cold is extreme. During my journey
thus far through the continent Of Europe, the
thermometer was not above 65 degrees. Ger
many is we'll watered; found it particularly 80,
as it rained 81 days out Of go.
The system OF agriculture is better in Southern
than in Northern Germany. At tho South the
Napoleonic code is introduced, the large estates
being generally divided into small farms, which are
owned by those who cultivate thom Food and
living is consequently much cheaper in Austria
than Prussia. The country is not In as high q
state Of cultivation as expected to find it, though
I saw it under very unfavorabe circumstances, as
nearly the whole Of the male population has been
for several months withdrawn from agricultural
pursuits. If the people Of Germany would cult
vate peace, instead Of engaging in wars Of thirty
years duration, the situation Of the daughters
would be greatly changed for the better. Upon
them the most Of tho drudgeries Of the farm de-
volve-such as ploughing, hoeing, raking, reap
ing, threshing, etc. They are oven made BEASTS OF
burden. It Is not an uncommon sight to 500 q
delicate female harnessed beside dog, trudging
along the public roads through rain and mud, pull
ing heavily loaded cart. They also carry heavy
baskets strapped on their backs filed with market
vegetables. The women in this old country have
a hard, hard time; they gseatly outnumber the
men, who emigrato or are killed in battle. The
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS is practiced on o large
scale. There are, however, many finely educated
ladies here. 1t is the frequent wars that rendeI
the situation OF the women in Germany 30 hard.
In the Crimean, the Anglo-1ndian, and the Italian
wars, all OF which occurred between 1853 and 1850,
moro than million Of men perished.
In the Crmean war alone, which lasted only
two and q half years, Europe lost six hundred