The New York herald., 1866-02-22
Colombia, or New Granada.

STATISTICS AND TOPOGRAPHY.
Perhaps the most important Of the Pacific coast staes
Of Bouth America Is Colombia or Now Granada She Is
the only Of the States exposed the agsrecns
o. spain which has Joined tho confederation oppose
tina. Power but It Is believed tha. she will JON
hands with Chile and Poru Il Is also believed and
d,rstood that General Mosqucr, who has lately been
elected President will arrive from England with
ironclad stesmer Of 500 and the other Of
900 tons for which he contracted months ago,
and which will form the nucleus OF the Colombian navy
II supposed that bis arrival will DO the signal for the
PRONUNCIATION OF decree. Columbia has exten-
sve coat much exposed and there also oher facts
which would seem make her interests Identical with
those OF her neghbora
The pecu liarities Of Typographical conaguraiion and
climate noticeable Peru and Bolivia and produced In
each by the Andes ns noticeable also 10 Nov
Granada There three ranges OF tho mountains In
this State, and consequently OF the countries Of
South America presents varied physical aspect In
the centre Of the State Is the largo valley district
called by the natives 'thc Heart Of tho Republic and
to the world "thc Heart Of tho Andes" There are
three districts in Poru-the Central Eastern and wos.
tern-and each with peculiar climate Of its The
traveller frequently single days journey
the four seasons Of the year and the vegetable PECULIAR
ties Of the three central zoncs Of the GLOBE while the
the temperature Of the arctic circle and perpetuay
clothed In snow
Wheat potatoes the breadfruit Peruvian bark cedar
basam Of tolu, vanilla, iignumvits, mahogany, wax
caoutchouc the abaaquo tho vine OF the and the
ars together with other grains trees, fruits and dugs
grow with but little cultivation The valleys abound
In rch aurifcrous anuvions Of grcst extent Though
udey worked It's mines produced In 1858 SO 900
tl2 600 900 worth Of gold dust equal in all rcspcs 10
that OF California One Of the provinces Of New Granada
Choci produces all the platinum and another haso tho
cneraIds which sold In this and other marketa The
mines Of silver lead copper iron, quicksilver and coal
aro nnumerabls though not productive hoy might
be made
Tho republic composed OF tho States Of Panama Boil
ivar Magdalcna, san,Apdcr, Antioquia, Boy,n, ound
namacara, Toima, Cauca and Faso The area Of these
Unitcd scs 62i p%s square miles, and the population
In 1851 was 223 ssI We nss In possession OF the
details OF It's statistics
ITS HIsroRY.
The two millions Of Indians who originally inhabited
New Granada were subugaicd In 1896 81 by xmenes de
Qlesada and 100 spanards, and the country
erected INTO . vice royoW Of Spain The nst effort
to throw on the yoke Of - mother country was made In
iJsi tho second In 1876; but both failed In 1910 the
States again declared their independence and In conunc-
ton with Venezuela and Peru, and under Bolivar
ceeded after nine years In csabl sbng their nde
pendence In 1870 Now Granada was united In a con.
federation Ecuador and enezueia but this dis
solved In 1880 and the republic OF New Granada estab
shed Up 1850 every revolution which had bcon At
tempted suppressed In September, 1851, oonvcn-
ton Of the liberal party headed by General Mosqucra
Dictator sitting at BogotA substituted the title OF
New Granada for that OF United States Of Co
IombIa and also framed and adopted q new
constitution This action resisted BY General
Canal; but In September, 1902, General Mosquera
forced Canal 70 submit. and the civil terminsted
in the assumption OF the presidency BY MosquerA
new constitution then adopted and put into ope
ration In May 1s63 sinoe which timc the country has
been at peace under the Presidency Of Murillo
ITS GOVERNMENT.
The following ths pressas organization Of NE state
govsrnment:-
President Gen rhos G. de hosquerA
Minister of Interior. Theodore valcnxpeA
Minister Of Finance. ........ Thomas CuencA
Foreign Minister. ....... Antonio del Real
Minister Of War and Navy. Ten Valerie BsrriGA
Under the nov constitation Of Colombia The several
States administer their local s6Airs ndepeadent Of
the federal eovernmcnS tho President ana the Congress
being elccted By The stsseA
sKsrcn or rHn rRnsrDKS7.
President Mosqusra passed through hls city - vesfs
N Europs about . year ga While 10 England he con-
trscted foe soma wn steanen aud In Pars had
loas, though not Important ntevvisw with the En-
psros Of France He eSpsc,ed 70 arrive a
boxoss abous the end of The present. month, and uu
formally assume The ssprems power about The fst Of
April II IL believed thai ha 0rst Official action vii b
70 dsslas~ 90 asNnss Scala He ross y hs merit and