New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-12-13
orr STREETS - THE MCOLS0N PAVE
MENT.

a aid ~ their condition We we're pleased however police
short time since thai the AmeiSen s4teS Sr ,ef
subject OF pavements 20 far a hey considered N am
10 be within the legitimate objects OF the Society and hat my
bd with oea reference the prevention Of cruelty 70 the
horse moi ony procured the laying Of the Nicoson
which has In charge tie improvement Of the pavement
of Broadway adopt il that great horougae Wha war
the OF such recommendation We are not informed Du' VIC
trust il has been dsregarded -
II il not however the prevention OF cruelty TO animals nor
w. .a RcW SscHs We propose 70 set forth generally he
advantages Of the Nicoson over every other KIND 1l
and show Why it ought TO be Immediately ana anniversary
adopted ,.. g., io;l fl, this c,,v soroe months
AGO in Nassaus between Pine and Wasts under aGcsaSt
the city, at the price Of a PEI lare yard az :. b
since been laid in several other streets az P'ale
las generally known We shall At once pIoeeeH 10 sa
Et n efectually deaen noise by brneugiron VII h as
shoes hoes and tires whe cannot be dispensed Win
into contact With nbFous substance Woouj us'e"u VI
od It increases the value Of BY increasing ne
ON street where there quiet aud who're possible to con
verse ordinary tone than on one where mere IS
Of the offices fronting Broadway or Wat would Wmng
he taxed by their landlords WITH one han OF the etle
having those streets the Nicoon were only 10 g d
Of that internal noise which is 50 ANNOYING to hem
Td Ii retains ard level surface thereby rendering
riding comfortable and easya matter IN when az are IN
Fourth rs affects on Ho,scs:
II prevents ossihcation OF their feet which the hard
cuon between iron shoes and stone rayements so often pro
II prevents the falling Of and the many consequent
injuries 10 them and to vehicles wen rights passen
1t increases the power horses to draw and stop and
back vehicles by giving hema aud perfect oothod
proongs the life of horses especially Of those used Tor
drawing and stages az least 20 per cent
> II saves 70 per cent of the expense OF shooting.
F,ffh. IL sSetfs Tehic'es;
il prevents the rackng OF wheels aud breaking OF springs
and axles by preventing gullies and depressions'
2 II prevents that hard conclusion produced by iron and
stone which starts aud rat'es every JOINT
D. il prevents the side sliding fvehicles which, injur
70 wheels. -,
indispensable parts of a vehicles both wagons aud seghs
VIZ: The tires and nnne1s
4 II prevents continual and univ ers tturadon Of
and iron stone pavement iron shoes and s which
oils the air OF our cities with line dust composed Of stone and
iron Which s c FAk ssd 6soS e ali Is & dust also
thus composed which rcnder city mud destructive 10 cloth
ceah 1t adds to the capacity othoroughrcs by inereas
ing power Of horses TO draw and OF vehicles 10 bear bur
Eol Il spreads through the length and breadth Of the
street healthiu dsnfeesnt-Coa Tar This eonsdera
on OF the utmost Importance yet seldom adyerted TO-
Ninth II cheapcn the expense OF laying gas and water
pipes sc. ,-,.
pipes Frost penetrate this pavement When taken up
in mid Winter, the earth beneath j. never found frozen
Ierenn facilitates the shaping Of the surfaces OF the
streets and the forming cutters Sc without enhancing the
eYpense II makes the most perfect gutter ever laid
TrtL. Its is clean and easily be kept clean
the floor Of dwelling And is too al less than tWotfds
o what IL costs 20 clean our streets
Tho foregoing Of the most obriops reasons which
would occur any ordinary observer why the Noson 81
peror every other pavement IT. cheapnes and durability
are so easily appreciated
The cost at e outset somewhat greater than that o. Tie
ordinary stone pavement but that without reference tie al
We have enumerated i more than compensated by its
little need of repairs And that does not require frequent r.
pairing becomes evident from view Of its durability
When person secs the Ncol-On pavement for The first time
concludes and eXcaims That just The needed
pavement, proridcd 4 ,giN lat
Now the durability the Nicoon has been proved by actual
test Chicago -. Louis, Milwaukee Cleveland Toledo De
roit san Francisco Cincinnati and other ces and though
might casua observer quite improbable that rood
should be durable than stone as pavement YET hers arc
general scientific principles which VIII explain why at %
durable even though lad not been proven by year' Of
actual test and demonstration. ,
by ooltaT below between aud above Them which ps'eh's
eoad Being perfectly geOmercHl in form The pieces are
easily laid with the utmost precision 70 ~ 20 leave no vacant
iron blocks would he thrown Of position
Third The blocks bring supported by continuous plank
floor saturated with ooatar block settle below
fellows and dirt work 10 from below 10 dspaee them
80 that the wearing su9ee being Kept even there j. no Unequal
Of position asis the with all stone and iron pavemenis
ta The exposed surface h al first covered with layer
By The time hi. is scattered washed and ground OF the sur
wood appear the eye and 70 b. etposed
10 the rcual contact Of hoe and vehicle upon
upon closer examination will he found that the shaTpe and
or surface Of the wood Itself Tie sand and gravel adhcrng to
wood by Of the coatar become partially PuseIid
and driven into the grain OF the wood by the iron shoe and
tires In such manner that the exposed surfaces are actually
coated with mPeneirabe layer Of pgyezed sand which
though completely protects the wood from wear does not
destroy It's quality OF preventing severe conclusion win TIE
II is this coating Of the wood with mineral surface com
bned with the grooming Of the wood by tue shoe and tire that
renders impossible TO drive nail into the pavement after II
The same Is true OF a wooden beetle Sc yet nail can Be
driven into the wood endWo Of the grain easier than ~
any other way, before It is bTOomed
The shoe and tire do not OF this hard mineral surface
Cor the that It, lower side supported only by the grain
OF nc wood which does not place between two hard sub
stances bat Penelres and oows down 10 The grain Of tue
wood.
& with the stone pavement the iron and stone coming IN
by and rubbing and both being perfectly
reeD in their nature they necessarily pulveIise and trtu
subslsues Of gqt Totnre produce les wear and
each other than those Ola s@ natie On e gTnegl; mt
the arder poshes the softer and tue softer not capable OF
cutting the harder 50 that friction always becoming less
Hence brass and iron are brought together N MACHINERY
carpenters tools often have wooden shans TO be acted upon
with iron hammers iron shan TO e acted upon by wooden
mnets stoneeutes wooden malls 10 act tee clsel
the farmer employs wooden beetle 10 act Oh iron wedges
These malls or beetles never wear out
The lower gudgeon Of turbine wsterwhee Is supported
longer by piece o. wood up endwe than by hardened
block Of steel strange as it NAV seem.
IL all the above the action applied to the end OF the
grain Of tho wood.
Ii two beetles were made one Of nepayng block the
other OF wood both being bound with iron hoops and used for
hammerng and splitting II viii not be questioned that the
woodee one viii outast 5000 stone ones Every mechanic
why then will not the beetle ouast many times the
same block Of stone when submitted as in the Of the
shoes Of horses and the iron tires Of wheels II Will
wooden block viii Ontwear iron even and much
On the other hand wooden beetle does not wear out tho
wedges tools 1t Is applied TO- While stone iron one
Therefore the iron shoe and tire will wear out by the
block many times more than BY the wooden one
Witness the beating OF gpd Teal between skins
Were metals iron hammer and gold In direct
contact the gold would be pounded to fne atoms
This general principle IL verified In thousands OF In
strumens pWpossiy wearing away the hardest Of
hardened steel made Of stone like grindstones and
whetstones while marble polished by Of sand and
iron and iron hammers are used for cutting stone and
batering down the surfaces
Therefore why stone and iron and steel In contact by
conclusion and rubbing where the first object TO avoid as
possible oil conclusion aud trtuaton and wear and
teari ,
The nature Of wagon wheels determines the nature Of the
surface of payements In forming wagon wheels the aim to
produce gcometica circle that is periphery overy point OF
.nhh n M that