davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29
"i ANNOUNCEMENTS.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

EDITORS OHIO STATESMAN Please announce
BENJAMIN BEATTY. of Mifnin township. as
candidate fSE County Commissioner. subject 10 the
decision Of the Democratic County Convention. and
Oblige stlG'4 MANY DEMOCRATS.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

The Fourth-of-July comes next Wednes-
day. On that day A. Wagner and G. Boeh-
mer will give grand picnic in Stewards
Grove, and in the evening, grand ball in
Wenger's Hall. no-
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

The numerous friends of EDWARD T. DE-
LANY win present his name to the Democratic
Convention for nomination as candidate for Pros
ecuting Attorney, subject to their decision.
, 'rF f.rTf0'r . M MANY TRUE DEMOCRATS.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

For the best stock of Dress Goods to be
found in this city go TO A.C. Headley &
Co.'S q. a .a.1 ." .- 28-lw
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

EDITORS STATEsMkN.-PleaseA announce NJ. II.
MANN as candidate for re-election to the Office Of
Prosecuting Attorney, subectto the decision Of the
Democratic County Convention. and oblige T
.I II'q17 o.. 'ft'i y MANY DEMOCRATS.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29
pRosECuTINC ATToPNEy

The friends Of R! HUTCHINSON. Esq. will pre-
sent his name To the Democratic County Conven-
tiOn for Prosecuting Attorney. subject to Its ac-
tiOn. i'.H.'p '' '... .i. d. .t
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29
FIRST NINE.
SECOND NINE.

Total. ...,....gt..s.,. ....s..s..s''''''''' 10
Home Runs---J. A. Williams q; Blain /;
Breyfogle l. oi'.'UeH ,'I 3.Nl 1.
W. F. Lefavor, Umpire; g, Hayden,
Scorer. ... .t ...r.I 4HI ,J rn 1nsmI-sr
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

AN exchange speaks of an equinoctial
storm on Thursday night of last week.
Rather early in the season for an equinoc-
tial storm. ..'l .'
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

The Buckeyes met on their grounds yes
terday afternoon and played game. with
the first nine against the second nine. The
following is thescoreo Of fiyeiunings. Time
two hours and fifteen minutes (
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

EDITORS STATESMAN, = Please announce c.
LOW ENSTEIN a. candidate for Prosecuting At
torney, subject to the decision of the Democratic
Convention, and oblige 1 ....f
= ............. d f.r.H MANY DKMonR lTa
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

POSTMASTER GENERAL DENHIsoN is in the
city on brief visit. ... ..''Tor.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29
10 CAL N E w 9. .

ONE drunk before the Mayor yesterday
morning, fined SO and costs-rcommitted.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

The fremen of Cleveland are going to
celebrate the Fourth with grand pa
rade, -,..-....., .t Ian ...r..,.r. ...... .
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29
Democratic Congregational Conyen-
nlnn I'm nhA I3lh llialrlcl.I


Democratic Congregational COmven-
tIOn I'm the 13th Disirict
Y Yesterday the Democracy OF the 18th
Congressional District composed Of the
counties of Coshocton, Knox, Licking and
Mnskingum, met by delegates in Con-
yei.tion at Newark to put In nom
ination candidate for Congress-
At half-past nine o'clock last night and
after sixty odd ballotings, no nomination
had been made. Throughout the ballotings
up to that hour, Hon. CHARLES FoLLETT
steadily received the votes Of Knox and
Licking counties, 81; Hon. FRENCH w.
THoRNHILL the vote Of Coshocton, "a; and
DIR! BALL the vote of rMuskingum,, 49,
The prospect for a nomination at half
past nine did not seem flattering. Proba-
bly,, some other person than either Of the
three named who we're balloted for may
have received the nomination. grI I
a s.a 1gHlJ - .it-.' H1I F|.
D. uaHma NEWARK, o., June IS.
Editors Ohio Stat smdn:
After eighty-seven (s7) ballots, Messrs.
iThornhill. Follett and Ball withdrew, and
Gji. G. w. Morgan was n, mi rated by'ac-
. ma on.
MACR
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

ParasOIs, Sun-Shades, and SUN Um.
-Hrr- .t. ls brellas. a. %, II ..ntf I.iF
Just received from the manufacturers, at
reduced prices at A. C. Headley & Co.'s.
23IlW r. fa TgWlu I.vr -,f 1gft ..ti ..4
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

CHARLEY Stays Quincuplexal opens up
at the Opera House on Monday night.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29
Turtle SOUP

Served up daily from 10 A. M. till 4 p.
NJ, at Wagner's Dining Hall. o g. 29-tf =
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

[Ffom tbe Rev. e. D. Fendall, Assistant Editor
7 Christian Chronicle. Philadelphia t.i
have derived decided benefit from the use Of
Hoohand's German Bitters and feel II my privilege
torecommend them a. most valuable tonic, TO al
who are suffering from General Debility or iron dis
cases arising from derangementof the LIVER. Yours
truly, Il. ID. FENDALL.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1866-06-29

RKAprNa MATTER OH the Fourth Page
GOLD closed in New York, yesterday eve
,in9. ak1bl3k. ..t o-7.s ..oHH f. .'..
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05

At the Ge0ry Mass Meeting at Re0di1g
-A14gatst %, 1856.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER S, 1866.

United States who, out of his legitimate
channe and beyond his Legitimate province,
declared that he would not enforce an act of
Congress which told him that Irishmen must
be free
The speaker concluded amid mach ap.
plause.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05

BY FRANCIS L. KELLER.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05


During the latter part of 1864, and
the first six months Of 1861 wages
ruled higher than the above figures,
which represent the average wages
paid in the years indicated.
9th Interrogatory What are the
wages paid in England for similar wo k
by the day, week. or job?
Answer: 1t is difficult to answer
this question with absolute correct
ness. Owing to the infinite subdivis-
ions Of employment in British manu-
features, and the consequent Ignorance
of the workman of all that lies outside
of his limited sphere of occupation, the
positive information | have been able
to get is limited. As near as | can as-
certain day-laborers received in the
iron districts of Great Britain, about
81 cents per day in 1860, about 48
cents in 1864, and 56 cents in 1865
Pudding ranks among the higher
grades of skilled labor, and it appears
from the controversy between the iron
masters and workmen in Staffordshire,
resulting in the recent great lockout,
that puddlers claimed to be paid at the
rate of one shilling per pound sterling
upon the price per ton of iron, marked
bars being the standard. This sliding
scale of wages was acceded to, but
the standard was left III dispute, and
the men were compelled to return to
their work without obtaining their de-
mands. This scale of wages, it will be
seen, gives the puddler equal to five
per cent. on the value of the finished
iron and it is well known that he has
not heretofore received this much, but
assuming this to have been the scale
of the puddler's wages, and taking the
price of rails as a standard, the follow
| ing would be the rates: In 1860 and
/ 81, Welsh rails at the Works sold at
from 95 down to "a 10 per ton. The
price is now from G7 to ct los. A
ton is about the daily average of two
puddlers, or puddler and his helper,
the wages being divided between them.
In 1860, at 95 per ton for rails, the
puddler received aboutSl 20 cents; or,
if divided equally, 90 cents for each
man per day.
In 1904, at III per Ton iof rails, Ihe
puddlers' wages were equal to S1.6S
per ton, or 81 cents per day for each
man; and at the present time (l865),
giving the highest quotations-say
| 81 los for rails, the price for pudding
is S1.80 per tom or 80 cents for each
man.
In 1860 and 81, we paid s3.O4; in
1864, an average of s6.49; and in 1868,
an average of 1854 per ton for pnd,
ding. The contrast may be exhibited
thus:
1866 1864. 1855.
Ton. Day. Ton Day. Ton. Day
Wages of Eng Puds 81 20 80 90 81 6s 50 s. s. 80 81 90
| Am. 3o4 So $40 1924 6 81 q
9th lnterrogatory To what extent
have you felt the effect OF foreign com
petition!
Answer: At times within my expe
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05
p O Z T r Y
MODERN STYLE.

BY FRANCIS l. KELLER
IT'S just the incest thing you see,
Just what it's been held up to be-
The dearest word on English file,
a toorShiped pet-this modern stgle.
'Tis "hreaking fast on dry, hot toast,
And homemade" coffee-that's the most;
The morning paper to peruse,
To fill the void by "eating news"
IT'S dining on a hard, burnt stake
That keeps its victim long awake;
An evaneseent frail desert,
That does no good-perhdpS no hurt.
Alluring feast a silver fork,
A china plate, as hight as cork;
A silver goblet, golden lined;
But then it's StyIe-sO never mind.
IT'S supping on china cup,
With milk" and water half filed up;
A napkin and uapkin-riug,
Just what the stylish walters bring.
And this is style! and every day
We eat our fill and go away;
We wonder if the time win be
When style aud U,ctudls can agree.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05

9th Interrogatory What was the
average wages of your workmen du-
ring those years?
Answer:
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05
C3eWGA@cn.

93e0GA0C0a
HAVING bought the right and license to use and
II sell Seth s. Drew's improvement in mode of cut
ting boots, which patent consists of cutting with but
one seam, aud without crimping we therefore eau
ton all against using or selling boots ofthis make
IN the county of MIffiIn. j. \ S. Smith and S. D.
Byram Agents for Pennsylvania and assigners to P.
r. Foop. Shop and Township Rights will be sold by
r. r. Loop. All wishing to avail themselves of this
new and desrabet DOT which is at least twenty five
per cent of an advantage to the the old,
can do so, by writing to p F. Loop. Call and see.
June l3, 1866
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1866-09-05
INTERROGATORIES
OF THE
u. s. REVENUE COMMISSION.
WITH
A N NSWERS


BY DANIEL. ]. MORRELL, ESQ,
superintendent q. the Cambria Iron Com
pany, JohnstowIl, Penn'a.
Sd Interrogatory What was its (the
material for pig metal) average price
in 1860, '61, '64, and '65?
Answer: Including the expense and
waste of mining and calcining, the cost
of ton (2240 ibs.) of roasted ore was
as follows:
1860 and 81, cost por ton, 81 81
1864, :" /" 8 81
1865, {" :" 81
During the same years the cost of
coal delivered at the mill and furnaces
of the Company, was as follows:
1860, '61, cost per ton, so 81
1864, I" / 33
1865, / 54
The cost of producing pig metal was
as follows:
1seo-6l, ton, 224o lbs, $40 70
1888 1893 81 81 81 mag . = Is Is GOV lax
The Government tax from July, '64,
was 81 per net ton, increased in April,
'G5, to $40 per net ton,-averaging
on our whole product of pig metal in
1864, II cents, and in 1865, 81 48 per
gross ton, as above stated.
The cost of metal purchased during
those years was as follows:
1860 and '6I, cost per ton 224O lbs, SIS %
1864 80 56
1885, 43 6s
4th Interrogatory: What was your
whole production in 1860, '64, and IS?
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

ton TO deal with; but still, as matters would
surely be growing worse all the time under our
hanos, and ae il is very hard TO turn In such a
course when once 1t is entered upon, what
could be done but increase the army and In
tensily the stringency OF its rule? One OF our
Southern correspondents, writing from Geor-
gia, discussed this matter on Friday, as
1t appeared in that quarter. He spoke of the
results of treating and holding the Southern
people as conquered subjects--of the desolation
that would soon exhaust the South, of the GER
talnty that it would soon be dead weight
attached TO the Union, and assured us that IL
would only be possible to repress turbuiency by
a large Oh med force stationed among and re-
stranng the people. But this writer viewed
the matter almost entirely in its economic II in.
fluences upon the country; and that is point OF
view TO which our agitators will pay no aCtpn.
tion whatever. We imagine, however, that both
in this respect, and in respect OF the influence
upon the liberties Of the whole country of a
despotic policy towards the South, the people
will in time come to consider the entire oues
ton. They will find, we Judge. sooner or later,
that there is no course so wise and safe az that
which accords with the Constitution, and which
demands recognition OF the existence and
rights OF all the States, and of the rights and
powers inherent in all citizens, South as well as
North. is 1t not the true way to adopt this
course at once?
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17
| Southern Observation-Disclosures
What Thens
From, the Times.

From the Times. ....,.
Suppose the Southern whites were to suffer
confscation of their property and disenfrachise-
ment, as demanded by Mr.. Thad. Stevens
suppose the blacks were to obtain the right of
voting and free gifts OF landed estate, as ad-
vocated by Wendell Phillips-suppose
wholesale system of hanging were enforced,
as advocated by General Butler-suppose the
Southern States were reduced to the style
and condition of provinces or territories;
and then suppose that after all these things
were accomplished, there were still to be symp-
toms of dissatisfaction in the South, and oc-
casional outbreaks against the blacks as at
New Orleans-What then? Of course even
then, according to the extremists, it would
not do TO admit these States to their cOnstitu-
tional position in the Union as long as they
we're ANYTHING less than entirely satisfied with
the treatment meted out to them, or as long
as their regeneration was SO incomplete as To-
make even an occasional riot possible. But
we hardly suppose the Northern people could
ever under any circumstances, be induced TO
countenance such horrible scenes as Parson
| Brownlow urges against his Southern fellow
| citizens in case they remain contumacious to-
wards the policy OF such men as himself; and
| therefore, they would have to look about fOr
| some new means OF dealing with community
that was found to act precisely as all other COM
|
was exercised over them instead OF political JUS
| tice. There would be but two modes, so far as
| we can see, which could be adOpted-one of
them that which is now urged by Conservative
statesmen, TO wit, permitting the southern
States to resume their rights as States, and the
Southern people their franchises as citizens
| with all the powers and responsibilities Of regu-
| lating their local affairs for themselves,
| and maintaining civil order on their own
| account. Or, on the other hand, sub.
iectng them TO permanent military rule, and
maintaining among them such an army as
could al least hold possession Of their ter,
ritory at all hazards. This latter Style OF
policy has been tried not few times and in
not few places, IN the history OF the world;
and though we have never heard Of civil OF
political order being permanently maintained
under it, and though of course IT IS Impossible
to associate with it any idea of repubhcanism OF
freedom, vet it would at least have its adyan'
tages over some other plans which are more
sanguinaIy, as well as over some others which
have their arocity concealed beneath a thin
veneer Of patent philanthropy. No doubt 9
pretty heavy standing army would be required
1 Tor the regulation OF the eight millions held il
| subjugation from the Potomac as far as thu
| Rio Grande, and no doubt, after a while, vi
should have raised up very turbulent popula
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17
Cabinet Councils.

From the Tribune.
Mr.. Montgomery Blair has been accustomed
40 pIume himself on originally standing alone
in Mr.. Ihncoln's Cabinet in favor of reinforcing
Fort Sumter and fighting secession generally.
According 10 the Blair version of the matter,
Governor Seward not only opposed all efforts
TO relieve Fort Sumter but actually sent else
where the expedition which Messrs. Welles and
blair had caused to be hastily fitted out at this
port expressly for that service. Minister Har-
yey,s TELEGRAM warning the Rebel leaders in
Charleston of the determination to provision
the fort, is quite generally understood to have
been inspired from the State Department. we
arewofully mistaken if Mr.. Seward either anti
cipated a civil war when he accepted that deI
partment or was not ready to go as far ~
almost any one else to ayerti
Mr.. Carpenter, the artist, in MS 'Persona
RecOllections of President Lincoln" says
'Wbile standing as ! thought, 9noOserVed
near a corner of the room, Mr.. Seward ap
preached me, and IN manner OF more thar
usual warmth, said;-I told the President lh'
other day that you were painting your picture
upon q false presumptiopi Looking at him II
some surprise, inquired his meaning. On h'
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

INXECUTOR'S NOTICE. - PERSONS IN
IL debted TO the Estate, of the late CHARLES =
WAYNE will please make payment to and those
having claims against the estate win present them to
EDW. Z. WAYNE
Acting Executor,
llf6w+ No lll3 MOUNT VERNON Street.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17
LEGAL NOTICES.

IN THE ORPHANS COURT FOR THE CITY
i AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
Estate OF SARAH BURD, deceased.
The Auditor appointed by the Court TO audit settle,
and adjust the frst account OF EDWARD SHIPPEN aud
THOMAS fl. WALKER, trustees Of JAMES p EuRp.
under the last win and testament of SARAH BURD,
dect ased and TO report distribution of the balance in
the hands of the accountants will meet the parties in
terested or the purpose OF his appointment on TUES
DAY September 25th, at 80 O'CLOCK r, NJ at his Office,
No 625 WALNUT street, in the city OF Philadelphia.
% smw 81 VILLA NJ l.. MARSHALL, Auditor.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

IN The ORPHANS, UOukr OF THE CITY
i AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
Estate OF JOSEPH M THOMAS deceased
The Auditor apI onted by the Court to audit settle
and adju.t the account OF CHARLES j. THOMAS and
ALIth SUI HBERT, who survived ALGERNON s.
RUBERIH Executors OF 30 EPu NJ. THOMAS de
ceased, to report distribution the balance n the
hands the accountant viii meet the parties inte-
rested the purpose OF his appointment, on WE'D.
NESDAI September 26, d. lSg6, at O'Clock r. NJ.
a his Office NO. 4U2 WALNUT Street, in he city of
Philadelphia 914fmw5t$
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

| N THE ORPHANS COURT FOR THE CITY
L AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
Estate OF MARY /. HAINES, alias MARY L. AUSTIN,
deceased
The Auditor eppointed by the Court to audit, set e
and adjust the account OF JOHN F. METZ Admins
uaOr OF the estate of said decedent aud to report ds
button Of the balance in the hands Of the accountant
will meet the parties interested for the purposes OF his
appointment, on MONDAY september "a 1856, at 4
O'Clock T. NJ, at the wetheril House. in the city OF
Philadel phia.
o 'Sv fHFt wTTITAN NJ. BULL Auditor.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

IN THE ORPHANS COURT Fur THE CITY
i AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
Estate of SARAH BURD, dece eased.
The Auditor appointed by the Court to audit settle
and aoJust the first account OF EDW ARD SHlPPEN,
and THOMAS II. WALKER, Trustees of JOSEPH =.
BURD under the nineteenth clause of the last Will and
testament of SARAH BUDD, decedent and to report
distribution OF the balance in the hands of the account
ants viii meet the parties interested for the purposes
Of his appointment, TUESDAY. September 10th, at
SA O'Clock NJ. at his Office No 625 WALNUT Street,
In the city OF Phi ade phia.
is snw5t NIlLIAM l. MARSHALL. Auditor
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

Immediate Restoration of the South
Under the Constitutional Amendment
of Congress. ..
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17
PASSENGER RAILWAYS.
THE SPRUCE AND PINE STREETS
l. RAILWAY.
TRUNK LINE.

l. RAILWAY.
TRUNK LINE.
This Road now IN addi ion TO its main line nm snr,oa
and Pine streets passes through the entire western nor
lion OF tho city Passengers from the extreme north
west al Paramount Park and along the entire ,afe 10
the extreme southwest at Grays Ferry can tsEe the
cars on Weny-seeOnd and Twenty third streets and
the Gray's Ferry Road, and be carried through via
3 Spruce street, to the Exchange for a Ne'
SINGLE FARE
In addition 70 the several Parks ana the beautiful
scenery along the schuylkill front there are manv
Directs Of interest along this route mas Il ractlve
The road sp endidy EQUIPPED the ca IS being nearly
al entirely new and always kept clean and com.
Cars leave the Exchange every few minutes during
the day, and every hour ateT midnight 8 10 im
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17
THE NEW YORK PRESS.
EDITORIAL OPINIONS OF THE LEADING
JOURNALS UPON CURRENT TOPICS.

cOMrir,n rv1pr DAY Fon nvrS1Se TELEGRAPH
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17

\ IhE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS FOR
l. THE CITY AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA
Estate OF JOHN and ANN BENlNGHOVE eta.
The Auditor appom ed by the Court TO audit settle
and adjust the account Of VILLAIN NASSAU, Trustee
OF JOHN and ANN BENINGHOVE and Others, "a
filed hy CHARLES w. NASSAU, the EXecu his
last will and testament and report distribution of
the balance in he hands of the accountant will
the parties interested or the purpose of his appoint
ment, on TUESDAY, September 25 a D 1866 at IL
the city of Philadelphia
9I4fmw5t* w. d. BAKER Auditor.
The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-09-17
IN THE ORPHANS COURT FOR THE CIT

I
i AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA
Estate of PAThIC NEE dAS, deceased
The Audit appointed by the ourt audit, tle
end adjust the accoRSt OF JOHN eKAY, executor Of
The asst will an6 testament PATRICK MEEdAN,
report distribution of the balance In
the hands of the accountant will meet the parties
teTested the purpose OF hi, appointment ON UES-
DAY, septembtr 70 1866 at O'Clock r NJ AZ his
Office, No 4O2 WALNUT Street, in the city OF Philade-
phia
o 1A1rwh'S w. D. BAKER Auditor