, 1866-07-10
Tho Expedition Ab"us to Leave RnG-
IADu-Ftcsrnulrue of fOperatioas-fhe
EmpFnv nss nts Or Board The Geeat
EeAteru, Etc

ot4APP10 oAu uAlc 10 tut WAIcf- Luis AasLeE
result, astonishing as 1t may appear, has act
ually been achieved tur sume days past with
the whole Atlantic cable on board the Great
Eastern. Out Of lc1gth Of more than one
thousand seven hundred miles, coil has
been taken from Its centre, the copper con-
foot in length, and IN this condition Lowered
over tho vessels side till 1t rested on tho
ground. Yct through this the c1enrcst sig
nails hare been sent-so clear, Indeed, Us at
one time to rrise the question whether It
would not be worth while to grnpp.e for the
first old Atlantic cable ever laid, and, with
these new instruments working gently through
1t ior Il year or so, at least, make It pay cost
Nothing, In fact, can |. ve better idea Of the
change which has come over the science of
submarine telegraph than by the statement
Of the manner IN which tho three cables Of
1858, 1865, and that Of this year haye been
constructed. Tho actual constituents Of each
are as follows.
Conductor in 1e5S.-A copp1r strand, ,con< <lane'of
scvrn wires tsi1 lad found oue) and weighing 1u7
Dinc, 1S65.-Eopper strand, consisting of seven
wins ts.1 !at1 round oae}, and weighing 800 hs
Pr naultcl mile, embedded ios ,oliat'y ID Chat
lcr'on'e compound. Gauge Of sfns!e WIG .9iS-or-
dirary IS gauge. Gau.e Of strand -1H-ordiunry
No. GcauEc.
WEIGHT IN AM. .
Weight tn Atr in 1a5a--s1 ess per naqt'c.lmile.
Ditto. 1865 ewt 5 qfs Ter nautical mile.
D1ttv. 1SG6-31 cut. per nautical NILE.
ME1uuT IN WATER.
Weight in Wafer In 1saa-1a,f cwt. per nautical
Ditto, 1s65-1l cwt. per nautical uile-
Di,io, ,s58.-14H cwi. per naullral mile.
Breaking STRAIN Ii 1858 . tons 5 cwt, OF equal
10 say, the cable would bear Its OWL weight IN 4
little lets than five miles d. pth Of water.
Ditto, 1861 tons is cSt., or equal TO eleven
ffFSkAk <1rrff t+F1Nt
thc cable viii bar It's own weight ii eleven mles'
depth Of wafer.
the tabje VII near it, oNp weight III twelve mllcst
depth Of Wat-..
DztrEsr WATER TO BE ENCOUNTERED.
Deepest water 10 be eueouutttcc, 13s3-a, 400
ditto, 1865. .lGo fi,homs.
Ditto, 1865, ttU ta'homs.
CONTRACT krzAts.
Ctn'ract stssIn% 1s5s-Equal 10 A.s5 tluncs il
Telaht pr nautical mile In w1ter
Ditto, fsG5-Eqnsl to eleven t1nes Its weight per
Ditto, ls6s-Equal 10 twelve times its weight per
uautlt1f mile IN water
LENGTH or cAn1g Shifted.
Dn,c, shipped 1866, 100 nautical milss. -
Ditto, 10 oe shipped 10 complete both lfnes, 1866,
From the improvement which these COM
parativc cables show, both In the increased
strength OF the rope, Its increased cond1ctfv+
ttY BY the enlarged copper wire, and, above
all, by its increased ana more carefully guard
ed Insulation, any one will be able to sec ut d
glance what strides have been made toward
cannot he seen, nor even easily explained to
the general reader, In the Instruments for de-
tectsDg faults, and for working through them
when they arc detected, that the main pro-
Eress has been made, and in this the expedt-
ton which Will start next week Is Us perfect
+tfa1 fpl+r 1F MI NJ
ence can make it.
The Great Eastern will leave Sheerness ear
" on the morning of Saturday next. During
the past winter, Captain Anderson md Mr..
Halpm, his chief officer, have worked almost
incessantly to get her into perfect seagoing
condition than she haa ever before commenc-
invented By Captain Anderson, every
part Of the bottom Of the ship has been
thoroughly scrubbed; and how much this
was wanting, may be judged from the
clusters of more than two feet thick upon
her. Getting rid of this rough, shapeless
mass from her entire length Wilt add at least
knot an hour to the vessels speed. All the
boilers have been thoroughly cleaned in every
part, and the ddle.englnes By very simple
ono and astern with the other, the G11aat
Eastern can be turned In her own 1eugsh, IS
on pivot. In picking Up, or graphing for
cable, this facility will be Of the very lust lul
portance to tho operations. All the cable Is
not yet on board the great ship. The Ame-
thyst Is now discharglng into The aftermost
tank, and nll the cable she has will be coiled
away this evening. The Iris, which lett
Greenwich yesterday, with the last Install
Thursday, on which day there will be no less
thnn 2, 400 miles Of cable on board the Great
Eastern, OF which 74S niles Is part oil the old
cable Of last year. This IS slowed, as
heretofore, in the three immense iron
tanks, built up from the main dock, one tcr-
sci. The weight OF these tanks and the wa
ter In them Is upwards Of /, 900 tons, and in
addition the Great Eastern will carry $500
tons Of coal, 500 tons OF telegraph stores and
machinery, ant 4, 900 tons Of telegraph cable
"a dead weight cargo Of moro than 1000
ships fittings, which will amount 10 nearly
as much more. This, however, only brings
the vessel down to her fair loadins-fa fact,
into the perfect trim In which she lcfs last
year, when the utmost swell Of m angry At
lautc sen could do little more than make her
It has been Thought advisable, however, con-
sidering the Great Eastern's depth ii tho
water, and the somewhat shallow channels
she will hare to pass On her wny
to the rivers mouth, not to put all tho
GOALS in her before she leaves shserness. At
Bearhayen therefore, 500 tons will be taken On
board before she starts for Valentia, md alter
joining the shore aud steaIns awny on her nd
ventus0us voyage across the AtIantic E1-
ccpt, then, III this matter Of Goals she Will
leave Tie thames completely equipped.
Among her stores are twensy miles Of crap
be made, and equal to . strMa Of thirty tons.
She also carries i've miles OF rope equal to
strain Of eleven tons. with quite 4 collection
Of buoys, graphing Irons, anp ropes, &c. But
at the stem and stern arc fitted two powerful
little engines, mnde BY Messrs. Penn, each OF
are connected with the payius-0ut and laul-
ing-in apparatus. Both these Inter have been
a}ishtly improved since Inst year, and have
been made asl ligst as possible consistent with
the work they must do. Certainly the hauling
in powers the engines are 1lkcIyto be much
in excess &: what is required to be done.
Last year IT, ;r efforts fell short of.what was
necessary With the Great Eastern On Sat-
urday next will also start Her Mnfesty's
steamship Terrible, q, and the steamers VII
liam Cory, Albany, and Midway. Each Of
these ,y yessels a Is 10 Of nearly lso tons bur5Sn'
will be amply supplied with buoys, buoy
ropes, eEapPiing ropes, and erappllns Irons,
similar TO those on board the Great Eastern.
The Medway will take also 315 miles OF last
years cable, with ninety-one miles Of tho
massive rope to be used In crossing from New
foundland to the shore Of the American con-
tinent- The William CORY takes the trc-
Mendous Iron coil which Is to form the Irish
shore end, which Is no Iess than thirty mics
In length, and weighs more than $50 tons, OF
about eight tons to the mile.
The programme Of operations now decided
upon Is briefly es follows: The Great Eastern
Is, as We haye said, to proceed to Bearhaveu
on Saturday next There she will take on
board her final stores of coal. and while SO
occupiel the new shore end from Follhom-
me1um Bay will be laid from the William Cor
~. When this Is eompleted-and the opera
Great Eastern will come round to valentla,
and after having made the splice, will at once
commence the great work OF laying the main
cable. Last year, 1t Is fancied. that the speed
OF the Great Eastern was occasionally too
E:eat for safely paying out the rope. This
time, therefore, her rate of going Will be abb
soluteiy limited to below stK knots. At thus
speed ii will occupy eleven OF twelve days.o
complete her 1abors from Valentia Bay to
hearts Content. During the whole time OF
the operation the new Instruments will be
able to send signals through to Valeutia ut
every hour, stating the latitude and lougl-
tpde Of the great ship TIE Weather, amount
messages likely to interest thoscat zen and $50
lated from the rest OF the world are also to
be cent in rcply from Ireland to the Great
Eastern. Vessels have already been sent ont
10 Newfoundland With :, 900 tons Of coal, md
suPposing the great expedition to be success,
tuj, the Great Eastern Will take these on board
and return to the spot where the cable was
so unfortunately broken last year: THIS isto
be grAppled for, aud, even Ii sfI weeks or
two months are consumed in the effort, Crap
pied FOR till found. II the end l. got 70 the
surface, Of course the usual splice will be
=, rhrrh FHW