Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1866-02-23

pie were then cOntumdcIOuslY engaged IN
the rebellion.
Now the case has changed and some at
least of the States are attending Congress
by loyal Representatives soliciting the al
lowance of the Constitutional right of
representation. At the time, however
of the consideration and passing of the
bill there we're no Senator or Representa-
tive in Congress from the eleven States
which are to be mainly affected by its pro-
visions. The very fact that reports were
and are made against the good disposition
Of the country is an additional reason
why they need and should have Represen-
tatives of their own in Congress, to ex-
plain their condition, reply to aecusa-
tions, and assist, by their local knowledge,
IN the perfection of measures Immediate
Il affecting themselves. While the liber-
ty of deliberatiOn would then be free, and
Congress would have full power to decide
according to its judgment, there could be
no objection urged that the States most
interested had not been permitted TO be
heard.
The principle Is firmly fixed in the
minds of the American people that there
should be no taxation without repre-
sentatioD. Great burdens are now to be
borne by all the country, and we may
best demand that they shall be borne
without murmur when they are voted by
a majority of the representatives of all
the people.
/ would not interfere with the uuques-
tionable right of Congress to judge, each
House for itself, of the election returns
and qualifications Of its own members {;
but that authority cannot be construed
as including the right to shut out. in
time Of peace, any State from the repre-
sentatiOn to which it is entitled by the
constitution.
At present all the people of eleven
States are excluded, those who were most
faithful during the war not less than
others. The State Of Tennessee for in
stance, whose authorities engaged in re-
bellion, was restored to all her constitu-
tiOnal relations to the Union by the pa
triOtism and energy other injured people.
Before the war was brought to a termina-
ton they had placed themselves in rela-
tiOn with the general government, had
established a State government of their
own, and as they were not included in the
emancipation proclamation they, by their
own act, have amended their Constitu-
tiOn so as to abolish slavery within the
limits of their State.
[ know no reason why the State of
Tennessee, for example, should not fully
enjoy all her constitutional relations to
the United States The President of the
United States stands toward the country
in a somewhat different attitude from that
of any member Of Congress chosen from
a single District or State the President
Is chosen by the people of all the States
Eleven States are not at this time repre-
sented in either branch of Congress. It
would seem to be his duty on all proper
occasions to present their Just claims to
Congress.
There always will be difference of opin-
ION In the community, and individuals
may be guilty Of transgressions of the law.
but these do not constitute valid obiec.
rions against the right Of State to rem
resentation. 1t would in no wise inter
fere with the discretion of Congress with
regard to the qualification of members.
But l hold it my duty to recommend to
you, IN the interests of peace aud in the
Of the Union, the admission Of
every State to It's share of public legisla- I
ton, when however insubordinate, insur-
gent or rebellloUs its people may have
been, 1t presents itself not only in an at .
5itude ofloyalty and harmony, but in the I
persons of representatives whose LOYALTY /
cannot be questioned. Under existing /
or legal tests, it is plain that /
IN Indehnate or permanent exclusion of I
my part Of the country from representa-
ion must be attended by spirit of dis
luIet and complaint.
1t is Unwise and dangerous to pursue
course Of measures which will mite
my large section of the country against
mother section OF the country, ne mat
er now much the latter may predominate
Ihe course of immigration, development
# industry and business, and the natU-
al causes will raise up at the South men
s devoted to the Union as those of anv
ther part Of the land. But If thev are
xeludec from Congress, if in a perma-
ent statute they are declared not to be
q full constitutional relations to the couu-
fy, they may think they have cause to
become unit In feeling and sentiments
galnst the Government. Under the no.
lCical education of the American peo ple
ne idea Is inherent and ineradicable
nat the consent of the majority of the
HOle people Is necessary to secure will
ng acQuIesence IN legislation The Hill
nder consideration refars to certain ~
he States as though they had not beeD
1lly restored to the United States. IF
hey have not, let us at once act to-
ether to secure that desirable end at
be earliest possible moment 1t is hard
7 necessary for me to inform Congress /
hat, In my own judgment, most Of those Il
tates, so far at least as depends upOu
heir own action, have already been fully
7stored and are to be allowed TO be en- q
tied to enjoy their Constitutional rights
5 members Of the Union, reasoning from
le Constitution itself and from the actin '
situation Of the country. I feel NOT s
My entitled but bound to assume that
Ith the Federal courts restored in the
'veral States and the full exercise Of t
5eIr functions, the rights and interests c
all classes OF the people, will with the
d OF the military, in case of resistance
the laws, be essentially protected against
constitutional infringements and viola
0ns. Should this expectation uphapDi-
fail, which do not anticipate then
e Executive Is already armed with the 7
Wers conferred by the act of March =
90, establishing the Freedmen's Ru- n
au, and hereafter, as heretofore. he can =
lplOy the land and naval forces of tba a
untTy to suppress insurrection and to 4"
ercome obstructiOns to the laws. I re-
IN the bill to the Senate in the earnest
pc, that measure, involving questions
d Interests so important to the country z
II not become law, unless upon deIib -
lte consideration by the people. It iy
all receive the sanction of an eDlipbt pi
cd public judgment. a., a.,
Slgned) ANDREW JOHNSON. dw
D. c., Feb. 19 1866 ter ter
IORE CLAIMANTS FOR ESTATES IN rio rio
GLAND.-Recently several members Of
Iryon family held a meeting In New ye
rk Tor the purpose of deciding on the FoI