The evening Argus. [volume] (Rock Island, Ill.) 1861-1871, 1866-06-28

menus oI the single ana integral WHOLE the /
one having the power Of administration sin /
affairs which concerned their citizens only"
the other, "whatsvsr concerned foreigners or
citizens Of other states" Within the respec- |
tive limits each is paramount. The states, as
to all powers not delegated to the general |
government, are as independent of that gov
eminent as the latter In regard to all powers
that are delegated to it is independent of the
governments of the states. The proposition
then that congress can, by force or otherwise,
under the war or insurrectionary or any 9th
er power, expel u state from the Union, or
reduce it to a territorial condition, and gov
ern 1t as such, is utterly without foundation.
The undersigned deem ii unnecessary to ex-
anime the question further They leave it
upon the observations submitted, considering
it perfectly clear that states Notwithstanding
occurring instructions, continue to be states
of the Union.
THE RIGHTS OF THE STATES.
Thirdly, If this is so, it necessarily fol-
| lows that the rights under the constellation as
| originally possessed and enjoyed by them,
are still theirs. And these they are now on
Toying ss far as they depend upon the execu
tive and judiciary departments OF tho gov
eminent. By each of these departments they
are recognized as states. By the one, all Of
| hcers of the government, required by law
| to be appointed in such states, have been ap-
pointed, and are discharging, without ques-
| sIon, their respective functions. By the 9TH
| er, they are, as states, enjoying the benefit,
and subjected to the powers of that depart
| ment--a fact conclusive to show that they
are. in the opinion OF the judiciary, as they
/ were at first. staten of the Union, and emit
tied to all the rights incident to that relation.
And yet, SO far they are denied that right
L w int
the security of all others, that right without
| which government is anything but a republic
lis indeed but tyranny-the right of hay
ing voice in the legislative department. whose
laws bind them IN person and property
This it is submitted is a state of things with
out example in q representative republican
government, and congress ,as long as it denies
this right, is a mere despotism. Citizens may
be made to submit to it By force, or dread of
force, but fraternal spirit and good feelings
| towards those who impose 1t, so important to
the peace and prosperity OF the county, are
not 10 be hoped for, but rather unhappiness.
dissatisfaction and enmity. There is but
one ground on which such conduct can
find any excuse-a supposed public necessity,
the peril of destruction, to which the govern
ment would be subjected, if the right was al
lowed But for such superstition, there Is
| not in the opinion of the undersigned, even a
| shodow of foundation the representatives of
the states in which there was no instruction,
if the others were represented, would IN the
: house. under the present appointments, ex-
: coed the latter by a majority of seventy-two
votes, and have decided preponderance in
the senate. What danger to the government
then can possibly arise from southern repre-
= sentation? Are the present senators and
representatives fearful of themselves .? Are
they apprehensive that they might be led to
the destruction of our institutions by the per-
| suasion or any other influence of southern
members? How disparaglng to themselves
i ia such an apprehension Are they appre-
hensive that those who may succeed them
from their respective states may be so fatally
led estray? How disparaging is that suppo
I sition to the patriotism and wisdom OF their
s constituents Whatever effect on mere patty
success In the future such representation
| may have, we shall not stop to inquire -
q The idea that the country is to be kept
{ in turmoil, states reduced to bondage
J | and their rights under the constitution
denied, and their citizens degraded, with
Q view TO the continuance In power OF q
party, cannot for moment be entertained
J. without imputing gross dishonesty of pur
+ pose and gross dereiction of duty to those
J. who may entertain il. Nor do we deem i
J. necessary to refer particularly TO the evl-
% dence taken BY the committee to show tina
T there IL nothing In the present condition o
D. the people of the southern states that war
y rants, on that ground, denial of representa-
y ton TO them We content ourselves IN say
| ing, that in our opinion, the evidence most Il
D be relied apon, whether regarding the char
'e scter of the witnesses, or their means of IN
e formation, show that representatives from
a the southern states would provo perfectl,
/ loyal. We specially refer for this only I
e the
n | TESTIMONY OF LIEUT.. GEN ~GRANT.
10 His loyalty and his intelligence no one Gu
le doubt In his letter to the president, OF tn
g. 18th of December, 1865, after he had recent
C. ly visited South Carolina North Carolina an
d. Georgia. he GAYS "Both in travelling an
whilst stopping, saw much and converse
/. freely with the citizens of those states, O
v well as with officers who have been amongs
'f them. The following are the conclusion
W come to by me-:
II ~ am satisfied that the mass of thinkin
g, men of the south accept the present sisuatio
o. of affairs in good faith. The questions who
D. have hitherto divided the sentiments of th
Of | people of the two sections-slavery and stat
N | rights--or the right of state to secede froI
IN the Union, they regard as having been Sc
1T tied forever by the highest tribunal, arm
n that man can resort to. [ was pleased
i'd learn from the leading men whom | met tbs
h they not only accepted the decision arrive
1t, at as final but that now the smoke of ba
ly tie has cleared away, and time has been g
IN en- for reflection, that this decision has bee
Id a fortunate one fer the country, they reoei
le ing the like benefits from, it with those W.T.
Sc opposed them in the field and In the cause
1t My observations lead me to the conclusio
III that the citizens of the southern states al
r anxious to return to selfgovernment within tt
ID Union as soon as possible; that whilst recol
,t, strucsing, they want and require protectio
ke from the government that they are in ear
est in wishing to do what they think is r
10 quired by the government-not humillatlr
be to them as citizens and that ifsuch a courf
he was pointed out. they would pursue it
be good faith. IT is to be regretted that the,
On cannot be greater commipg Cling at this tin
or between the citizens of the two sections, an
q particularly Of those entrusted with the la,
making power" .
ly
q THE DOCTRINE OF SECESSION.
Us Secession az practical doctrine ever to
! bod IN ", b,r Cd