The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-08-17

As - " = OA03AJ
asm and satisfaction q tho audience reached their high
rRIBurs 10 THE cHAnxAx OF nm oounsTxH
Colonel THOMAS @ McDowAN rising in the body Of the
Hen Edgar A Cowsn, chairman Of the Committee on
The chssr. were given with Win, and three more
were raised for Major Rawf1nA a4 NN
MR. cowAs's ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Senator CowAs, standing ON the right q the chair
Convention claim 70 be the host Of tho Conventlon
Cheeral One Of my distinguished guests WIN now read
you an address cy virtue o. ausnor sn1
dress. -
Hon. HENRY J. RAYMOND, on coming foswara, wss
warmly Welcomed Of ihc South Carolina delegates
lowing @ies ht&.
To THE PEOPLE or THE UNITED SrATB:-
Having met In Convention at the city Of PhiIsdelphs
isc sa The " the a people IN .:ccns
and all fhs States and Territories Of the Union 10 consut
upon the condition and tho wants Of ouv coipon coun.
try VIC address 10 you this declaration Of principles
and OF the political purposes sock TO ps0mote .r
eiuce the meeting Of tho last National Convention In
the character OF internal politics and given the Unit
ed States new place among he nations Of c EARTH
Our government has passed through the vlcisstudes
and tho perfls OF civil war "a war which, though
mainly sectional In It's character has nevertheless decided
political differences that from the very begnxng Of the
existence and has left its mprcss deep and inenaceabe
upon all the interests the sentiments and the destiny OF
the republic. While il has inflicted upon the whole
country severe losses In life and In property and has
imposed burdens which must weigh on its resourcos
for generations TO como II has developed degree Of
national courage In tho OF national dangers aca
pacity for military organization and achievement and
devotion the part Of the people 70 the form Of govern
which they have ordained and to The principles Of
liberty which that government designed to promote
which must confirm the confidence Of the nation In the
perpetuity OF It's republican institutions, ana command
q tbor rNnft tka tett al
Like all great which rouse the passions and
test the endurance Of nations this has given
pulse to plans OF innovation and reform Amidst the
chaos Of conflicting sentiments insepsrable from such
era, while the public heart Is keonly aYo 70 all he pas
sons that can sway tho public Judgment snd act the
public action while the wounds of war are siil(fesh
and bleeding either sde and fears for the fnuY6 take
unjust proportions from the memories and rercntmenis
OF the past IL is dltculi but an imperative duty
which on your behalf we who here assembled, have
undertaken to perform
For the first time after long years OF alienation
and OF conflict have together from every State
and every section OF land citizens Of common
country, under that 1sg tho symbol again of common
glory, 10 consult together how best per-
pctuate that Union which II again the object OF
mon love, and thus secure the blessings Of liberty to
ourselves and our posterity.
In the Hrs place We invoke you 10 remember always
and everywhere, that the cadcd aud the nation is
again at peace. The shock of contending arms NO
longer assaa the shudderng heart Of the repabc The
insurrecton against the supreme authority OF the
ton has been suppressed and that authority has been
80 ss' s-ss
and by every citizen within ITS Jurisdiction We
longer required or permitted TO regard treat each
other onemieA Not only have the acts Of been
discontinued and the weapons OF laid aside but the
state Of war longer exists, and the sentiments the
psssions ,he relations Oh w have no onser iswiui or
We again people OF the United statcr fcow.oizcns
OF country bound by the duties and obligations Of
common pairlotism and having neither rights ror in.
terests apart from destiny Tho duties thai
dcvove upon again tho duties OF peace, and
no longer tho duties OF war We have assebod here 70
s1k af N
how may most wisely and cGectualy heal tho wounds
the has made and perfect and perpeaato tho bene-
FITS u las secured, and the blessings which, nndUf
and benign Pf5vdsnta have Sprung up IN s hery track
This Is the work. not OF passion but OF cain ard sober
judgment; not Of resentment Tor past oifencss, rro
longed beyond the limits which justice and rcazon pro-
scribe, but Of liberal s,acanisnshir, which tscTaics
what II cannot prevent and builds s plans and M hopes
for the future rather upon community Of interest and
ambition than upon dslrast aud tho weapons Or frcc
In the next place, We call upon you 20 rccoF.ze N
their full significance and TO scoept wh all thor icgi
consequence the political results OF The war Just
closed In Two most important particulars the victory
achieved by the national government has been s and
decisive Ft. 1t has estnbishcd beyond nll fnriber
controversy and by tho highest Of all human sane ions,
the sbsolute supremacy of tho national governmaM as
defined and limited by tho constitution Of tho United
States and the permanent integrity and indissonbili,y
of the federal Union a necessary consequence; and
second has put an end nnaiy and forever 70 ne ss
OF tie United States Both ihcee points became directly
involved in the contest, and controversy upon bon was
ended absolutely aud hnally by ho result
In the third place, deem Il of the utmost inpor.
the real character Of the and the victory
by which II was closed should he accurately understood
The war carried by the government of the United
States In nainfe OF It's own authority and ia de-
fence OF is .xsence 10th of which we're nonaced
by the insurrec,on which II sought 10 suppreg The
suppression OF that insnIrection accomplished that
suit The government OF the United States msn;sinod
by force of the supreme authority over all the toi
tory and all the states and people within it inls.
dicon which tie constitution copfers upon ~; but ac
quired thereby no new power. no enlarged nrleon no
fghts either OF territorial poseson or OF civil authority
which II aid not posses bsforo the rebellion broke
out All The rgLiful power II poescss a thst
which Is conferred upon n either ia express terms
nv fair and necessary imp ca,iop by the contribution
OF the United Sises II was TINT power and tbs,
ihorily which The rebellion sought 10 overthrow and
the victory of the federal arms simply The defeat of
that ATTEMPT tho government Of the United states
acted throughout the the defensive. IL sought
only 10 hold possession of what was already its
Neither the war the victory by which II covsd
changed Ia sny the contribution Of st0 United rtaes
The carried ON by virtue Of is provsons, and
under the limitations which they prcscnbo and the
sult Of tho did not either enlarge sbrdge any
way change srcc, the pow ~ coifcrs upon c fed
erai g0vernen release that government iron, the
restrictions which Il has imposed.
The constitution Of the United Sistea u to-day prcc eey
was before the war the 'srprcmc law of the land
In The constitution laws ~ any State ths
contrary bovithsaDdina and 70 day, nso, rrec eoly
~ before ,hc war all the powers not conferred
pyohled nv Il 10 The saatse arc reserved 10 The seye
raj states or 10 the people thereof
This position y yndic.'ed 10. only ny The esHentiai
the constitution but by all the sc and Tho language Of
our government IN all Us dsrarimnts and at 81 umes
from the outbreak of the rebellion 20 s nbal overthrow
In every message and proclamation of the Executive
was sxpy declared ths, the sole object and parpoec
of the war was 10 MAINTAIN tho authority of
tho constitution and TO proserve the integrity u pe
Union and Congress more than onco fciisssicd
this solemn declaraon and added tho ssyg.~oss that
whenever thl object should be attained 200 war should
cease and all the states soud retain srsr equal rights
and dignity unimpsrsd only .ncc ne wsr wrs
clo~sd ha other rights been sseref on behalf OF
ono department % general government has been
proclaimed BY Congrcss that IN sddi.n 70 the powers
conferred upon n by the contucn the FEDERAL govern
msnt may now claim the acs the territory and
the people involved In tho n.aHecuon, me nshm of
10 ahrosnfc all existing fovrrhmsntf insrtnuone ana
laws and 10 subject tho territory conquered and ts IN
hshs.ts to such law regulations and deprivatsons
the loelsafiye departments Of the governmsns may
M 10 impose uDasr this broad and sweeping claim
sh., ris..r IN the ,neuton which provides shas mo
state shs,l ~lshoa, iu consent be deprived a ~ equal
syoraae IN the ecnaio d the United States" hes been
ansred and Ten States have been refused and ss
refused rspresentston soxcther In both branches o
ne federal Congress Aud tse Congrsss In which only
80. -. - A. un~1