davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS.

1t is matter of surprise to many, that
the doings Of the Board of Supervisors |
of this county are not from time TO tir'
given to the public through t. e,s,..,
This Board is, in an ..nportant sa,so
the Legislature Of the comfy IT.
powers are large, and is responsibilities
OF grave ci'are .cter-and the iLhabi-
tants OF the county have a right 20 know
how ff.ese powers are used, and these
.ponsibiities met. As the proceed
ings of the Boardare now directed, thous
ands of dollars are appropriated, Bonds
to a large amount issued, and yet the
heaviest tax payers in the county have
no knowledge of these official acts,
except what street rumor affords. This
is not in accordance with the general
custom Of such Boards, nor with What
propriety seems to us to require. We
notice that the Board of Supervisors of
Jefferson county publish their proceed
ings in full, and from their proceedings
We learn that by proper reduction Of
the salaries of various officers. they save
to the county this year the snug little
sum of fifteen hundred dollars. We
learn also from the published proceed
ings Of the Board of Supervisors in
Brooke county, that they have reduced
the salary Of the Prosecuting Attorney
from S27o to $l00-that of the Clerk of
the Board, from $500 to s1o0, and SO on
reducing the expenses of the county,
in tn matter of salaries, about $500.
Adding largely to the taxes of the
people, by paying exorbitant salaries,
is hardly the thing in these times.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
DEMOCRATIC ENDORSEMENT OF THE
NATIONAL UNION CONVENTION.

In another column of our paper we
publish the address OF the Democratic
Senators and members of the House in
Congress, endorsing the call for this
Convention, on the 18TH of August next.
at Philadelphia. IN its spirit the address
exactly suits us. Viewing the present
as an hour of imminent peril to our
constitutional liberties, it expresses an
entire Willingness, without reference 10
the past, to unite with all who are op-
posd TO the destructive principles and
measures OF the Radicals. for the great
and sacred purpose Of re-establishing
and perpetuating the Union, and once
more giving peace to our distracted Re
public.
IN honest and wisely directed union
Of ali in the North, South, East and
West, Who regard the present majority
in Congress as dangerous enemies to the
Uuion, and their action as vioIatiVe Of
the Constitution, and subversive of our
representative form Of government, can
With ease, hurl these conspirators from
the places Oh power WIlch tHev nave so
abused and disgraced, and install patriots
and statesmen at the head of our nation
al affairs. Such union will be found,
we believe, at the Convention called in
Philadelphia. The conservative press,
in all sections of the land, halls the call
with enthusiastic pleasure. Democrats,
Wings Conservative Republicans. all
good men and true, in view of the fear
ful crisis that is upon us, seem ready,
for the time, to lay aside party organi-
cations and rise above mere party in
terests, and unite in one great, patriotic
effort, to rescue the Nation from Radical
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA AND
RASHINGTON COLLEGE.

From the Richmond and other papers
of Virginia. we learn that the recent
Commandments at these Institutions,
were not only pleasant reunions. but
occasions of great intellectual interest.
The invited Oratorsaeguitted themselves
with distir guishedability. Theirthemes,
chosen, in soE1e.instances, with reference
to the present condition of the country.
and the consequent duties and obi
cations Of the citizens of the South.
We're treated in a spirit of submission to
existing circumstances, and inculcated
sentiments adapted to allay resentments.
and revive ancient friendships between
all the friends of cur constitutional
government. The Commencement Ex-
ercises proper, reflected the highest credit
upon the ability and fidelity of the
members of the different faculties. and
upon the industry and talents of the
young gentlemen who graduated. Gen.
LEE, WHO'S now the President of Wash
ington College, appears to preside in
Classic Hall with gracefulness and
dignity equal to his acknowledged skill
and power iii commanding armies, amid
the crash of battle. Wehail with pleasure
every evid nee Of returning prosperity
and happiness to the South.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
ENGLAND.

The English Ministry have resigned
and the Earl of Derby has been appoin-
ted to the Premiership, and Lord STAN
y, his son, Minister for Foreign Affairs.
The Conserv; tives have thus returned
to power. Gladstone, with all his intel
lectual strength and fine oratorieal
powers and acknowledged purity Of
character, has ound himself incapable
OF taking the place of Palmerston in the
leadership eff the Liberal party.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
HAR.AaD WARRIORS.

The pro Commence which war holds in
human history Is known to all. The
annals of aim Il every people to great
extent, are record of contests, ageres-
sive Or defensive. and warriors consti-
tute u large proportion Of those who fiji
the greatest space on the historic page
In every age. 10 sight 50 seems to attract
all eyes as That of two hostile armies
engaged ii deadly strife. No music 50
stirs the heart, u the earpiercing fife
and the rolling driim-no attire 50 at
traetive as that Of the hero. whether he
be an Indian Brave in his war-paint, q
knight Tempiar in his iron armor. or a
modern commander with his epaulette
ana plume. Military greatness has ever
held the first place in the admiration of
men. Of this the literature of every
age and Nation gives abundant proof
To the eonqnering ehieftain, genius has
ever offered is noblest tributes. Ills
exploits have been emblazoned alike in
the epic and the ballad. and in memory
of his deeds, have risen the lofty column,
soleum, the laureled statue. In all
lands, has ACHILLES, III the lustre Of
his fierce beauty been held the highest
type of chivalry, the bright, consum-
mate flower Of our humanity. In view
of this seemingly instructive admiration
of the warrior, we cannot wonder that
history has 50 many Of is pages devote
to hi, achievements, and that, look
wherever we will, we cannot find q
land that has not been moistened in
blood-not an island, even in the
iarthest solitudes of the ocean, where the
tumalt Of battle has not been heard-not
4 river that has hot run crimson'd 10 the
sea. 1t is a saying of the philosopher
HOBBIES, that "a state o war IS the
natural state of man. However re-
luctant we may be to admit the truth of
this saying III its literal construction vet
the universal prevalence of war, and
the honors ever awarded to those who
have distinguished themselves for their
Warlke deeds seem to justify the remark
that war is the rule, and peace the eX-
ctptlon. Is Ii True, tnell, tUdJ man Is
only the mightiest of the beasts Of prey?
that the warrior is nothing more than
Il butcher of his kind-that there is
nothing to distinguish war from mere
british slaughter? Viewed on one side
only, war certainly appears as a mere
contest OF brute strength. The stronger
is the victor. The justice of cause
avails nothing. Moral qualities in the
combatants are without value or regard.
Might makes right, and all seems re-
duced to the simple plan:
Tho he should take, who has the power.
And he should get who can"
If there is nothing enrolling in the
sight of battle of wild beasts in the
desert-if bull-baiting and bear fight
ing disgust Us, much more does the |
sight Of man brutally wOunding, MAIN
ing and butchering his fellow man fill
US with loathing. There is in us an in
repugnanee TO see the human
body, the perfection Of the Almighty's
material workmanship, disfigured and
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
ANNEXATION OF CANADA AND THE
OTHER BRITISH PROVINCES TO
THE UNITED STATES,

The Hon. THOMAS w. TAYLOR,
Special Agent of the United States
Treasury Department for the District of
Minnesota, recently addressed report
to Secretary McCuLLoCH, upon the trade
between the United States and Canada.
In this report, he expresses the opinion.
based upon several grounds which he
sets forth, that the present time is favor
able for our Government to propose to
Canada a union with the United States.
Secretary McCULLocH transmitted
this report to the House Of Representa-
tives, and it was referred to the Com
mittee on Foreign Affairs. The COM
mittee made this report of Mr.. TAYLOR
the basis of a bill for the admission of
the States of Nova Scotia, New Bruins
wick. Canada East, Canada West. and
the organization of three territories,
Selkirk, Saskatchewan and Columbia.
This Bill was reported to the House on
Monday last by Mr.. BANKS, ordered to
be printed, and then recommitted to the
same committee.
By the terms of this Bill annexation
is proposed to be attained by the volun-
tary joint action OF Great Britain and
her Provinces. The fact that the Conn
mittee Oh Foreign Affairs authorized
Mr.. BANKS to report such Bill, would
seem to indicate Very clearly that they
have information which iustities the
belief that no insurmountable obstacles
exist in the way of such an annexation,
and which invites the opening of ne
gotiations on the subject. Should So
important an event take place, it will
only be another advance step Of our
Republictowards the fulfilmeni ofits pre-
dicted destiny, in the establishment Of
its power aud authority over the entire
Continent of North America.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12

married by coarse ar ---
Nature utters bloody hands.
when Cor 'ier indignant protest
An, - image is thus defaced.
r. i yet the fact stands out clear and
comment, that all men have united to
honor the successful leader Of armies
that the most civilized and christian
nations have awarded to their successful
military chiefs the highest need Of adj
niration and praise. It i plain, there
fore, that there must ne another side to
this suhject-that there is something in
var that calls into play the nobler quail
ties Of man, even if it also rouse into
activity some OF the baser passions of
his nature-that war is not i be regard
ed as a mere contest of brute force.
relic of barbarism, the pastime of say
ages. aud the warrior as nothing more
than butcher of his kind, one who
murders On large scale. It IS entitled
to a higher rank in our estimation.
This will appear, if we consider the
qualities. both intellectual and moral
which n.ar demands in is successful
i leaders There must be wide knowledge
both Of things and men-quickness Of
+ perception, tirmness Of purpose. ldSty
courage, untring energy. and power of
+ command. Even in the lowest species
Of var, both the intellectual and moral
! powers are brought into vigorous ex-
ercise. If a party of Indians goes forth
successfully on the war path, there must
nat only be great bodily powers display
ed. but secrecy. caution. fortitude. fore
sight, called into active exercise. What
then is demanded of him who COM
nands the armies OF mighty Empire.
Naging war with other powers of equal
or greater strength? Look for example
al such a commander a. NAPOLEON the
First. gathering his mighty hosts from
every part of a vast kingdom. subiecting
] them to the rules of a stern discipline.
selecting fitting officers of every grade,
maturing the plans Of an extended
and protracted campaign. providing all
needed supplies, directing the different
columns in all their complicated move
+ ii5eH es-illNI 'iililg the fdllk> WITH e9llH-
denee in himself, and with something Of
hi. owl lofty courage and self-sacrifieing
zeal. What comprehensiveness Of mind
Is here required! What command Of
seienee.-what insight into character
what promptness and energy Of action,
Observation-Disclosures aution-what
t patience what self-possession = what
daring in the hour Of battle-what con-
troll indeed of almost every power and
attribute Of our nature Such Il combi-
milton Of qualities is rarely found. and
where it IS. no marvel that the world
wonders, admires and honors. BY the
concurrent testimony of all nations. a
great warrior is a great man. In an ex-
traordinary degree he unites in himself
those high and distinguishing qualities
which have ever commanded the admi-
ration and applause of mankind.
But there are other considerations
which add interest and dignity TO war,
of which hereafter
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
THE TARIFF.

The radicals in Congress are all at
skies and Sevens in the Tariff. The West
and Northwest are in revolt against a
monopoly of the Government machinery
for the exclusive benefit of eastern man
uiacturers
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12

LYNCH LAW IN VIRGINIA.-A few
days ago .'freedman"in Nelson couh-
ty, Virginia, attempted an outrage on
the person Of a young white woman.
who was school teacher. She was On
her way to the school, and her cries AZ.
tracted attention. TIE villain ran on,
was arrested ard Immediately hung py
the eNcitd populaee.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
BROWNLOW.

BRowNLow's attempt to assemble the
Legislature of Tennessee to ratify the
amendment to the Constitution has
proved a failure. \ quorum refuse to
obey the call.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
CHOLERA

Five deaths from cholera are reported
to have occurred in BROOKLYN, \. y, on
Saturday ana Sunday last
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12
LATEST FROM THE GERMAN WAR.

An engagement took place between
the Austrian and Italian armies near
Verona, on the 9th ult, which ended
in the defeat of the Italians, who We're
commanded by the King. Both armies
fought with great bravery, but after a
protracted and bloody struggle the Ital-
ians, not being supported by the second
and third corps of their army, were re-
pulsed, and recrossed the Mincio.
The Prussian Army so completely
surrounded the Hanoverian forces near
Witzenhausen that they were forced to
capit-ulate. The Officers being permit
ted to retire with the honors of war, re-
tainingtheir arms and horses.
Great activity prevails along the en-
tire lines of both the Austrian and Prus-
sian armies. The needle gen of the
Prussians proves very effective.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1866-07-12

GRAND ToURNaMeNT.-At tournament
will be held At Arden, five miles from
town, GA saturday, July 2lst. Ar
rangemont- are in progress to make II
one OF The most complete and success
fnl held during the season. a general
invitation is extended.
By order Committee,
JAMES CHENoWETH,
PETER CUSTER.
MICHAEL PITZER.
JOHN +. CUNNINGHAM,
BENJAMIN BRADY.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1866-03-09
4 Faithful Teacher Rerarsted.

Some trouble and Il lawsuit. rc..ar,line
the punishment oi a scholar occurred kat
week in the district school al Orslner Cen
Ter. in which righi prevailed 80 triumph
;,nily that ii deserves especial notice. The
teacher. Miss Emily Baicllel,lcr ut E.;i-l
Montpelier. with the volunteer assistance
ot one ot the l,oy> ot the school, punish
I'd a large and unrIlly scholar. twho MAS
ende.lrorin~ 90 make Il irl>~ in ihe school
AMI defy the teacllcr.D - severely that lac
begged Tor mercy. and hi> father rro-'clIi-
t,l the teacher. Me->r,. Heath ot i'iHlll-
field and Dickey of bradford werr sum
moned for the prosecution ami Mr. French
of Barre went up 10 defend the teacher.
The doctor being called 10 se. the .-abu>-
cd boy. stated that lac evidently WAS
pretty well punished but he thought moi
quite what he deserved An attempt w;l~
made 10 procure a Jury, bat a man could
not toe found who had nol formed an
opinion which was, THAT lac want
licked half enough
| Seeing what The inevitable result oi :.
trial must be, The prosecution finally with
drew the suit. when a colleriion Ma tax
en up which paid all The expenses 1"
which Miss l;aichcldcr had been subject
,,l, ami Horace Fiiicld, E~l-, presented
her. In bcllalt oi 1hc lsi,3ic> ot the district.
with Il; of >.,lid silver table spoons ami
butter knife, and made some very ai,l,rc-
PIRATE remarks Indicating thai the district
were hearty and true IN ihe support OF u
teacher who had fes.ri,-->.y 'lonc her duty,
The town superintendent, Rey. MIR Fr'-i.
a lreewiil baptist mil,i~ier- and :.n Old
school teacher, then made some very en-
tertaining remarks. alter wilielr tne ''meei-
ng" broke up, ali goins hciae IN the best
Of temper, excepting, perhaps, The - prO=-
lecution." -ETteBNpl
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1866-03-09
T"iai Of Major Gee.

The War Department has received =
copy oi the char.e> and specifications on
which John Ii. Gee. late keeper of the
rebel military prison III Salisbury. " G..
i bow being tried at Raleigh before mil
iIarr commission. The first charrc i NJ
olaiion OF the laws ami customs ot MAI
The first Specification SETS forth at lclleih
the Official position oi Gee as MAJOR in The
rebel army. and III charge of the prison al
Salisbury. where ten thousand prisoners
were confined who were entitled TO good
treatment. but he left them in a condition
OF extreme want and suffering, and did
wilitullv and maliciouSlv and in violation
o: the laws OF civilized warfare. fail TO
provide them with shelter. food. clothing
fuel or medical attendance. This caused
deaths To the number OF about twelve
hundred month from disease. and star
yation and exposure. for which wrongs
Gee Is accountable The second speciii-
cation sets forth that while the prisoners
at Salisbury Were starving. sick and dving.
and s,mdry citizens offered 10 relieve. 10
some degree. their wants. Gee did COW
ar,lly. and in violation OF the rules OF CIV
ilizcd warfare. prohibit the said citizens
F! from exercising deeds OF charity and kind
ness The second charge Is murder in Vi
olation of the laws OF war The first
specification sets forth that when there
was a slight disturbance in the prison.
caused bv starvation. in which only a
small number of prisoners participated.
Gee. in violation of the laws of civilized
warfare. ordered the entire prison guart
TO fire upon the mass of prisoners indiS
criminaicly. and did further order tw,
pieces OF artillery, one loaded with scr.il
iron and one loaded with shell. TO be fire.
upon the ma>s Of prisoners. bv which ten
who were sleeping in their tents. and man,
others Were wounded. and some died o
their wounds The second specification
, Seis forth that Gee did maliciou>lv or,ler /;
Guard TO fire and kill Lieut. John Davis o
, tine l35th New York regiment. The third
fourth. fifth. sixth and seventh speciiic;,
tions set forth respectively the killing o
, prisoners by guards acting under Gees or
derS. Ii is said tla: the evidence sustain
. the charge and specifications, and tll;a
, many other acts OF cruelty will be devel
t oped a the trial Progresses
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1866-03-09
State Militia in Me Rebel States.
SOUTHERN LOVE FOR TIE UNION.

SOUTHERN LOVE FOR TIE UNION.
In Congress the other dav. Mr. Wilson
of Massachusetts, introduced 4 Joint reso-
luton TO diSband the military forces ot the
late rcbellious states. and to forbid their
reorganization.
In introducing the resolution, Mr.. VIII
son read. in evidence of lis necessity, let
tiers from Gems. Thomas. Swan. Ilart>uff
and others in charge of the freedmen in
Alabama. Georgia and Mississippi.
Gen. Thomas refers TO the abusive con-
duct of these militia organizations IN
Mississippi, and the difficulties under
which he labored in consequence, and says
that Gov. Humphreys acknowledged 10
him that in some counties the militia
threatened To kill the negroes who should
refuse TO work for their old masters. and
TO expel all Northern men. He says thai
the withdrawal of troops would bc follow
ed bv terrible outrageS. Other officers
made similar complaints, and say that
whenever United States troops have been
withdrawn. the school houses of the
freedmen have been burnt. They are
made to submit to fraudulent contracts,
and their persons are exposed TO lawleSs
outrage. I'm Louisiana, an increasing bit
terne>s of feeling is reported as shown In
public and in social gatherings \ letter
from Western Louisiana from a triend-a
former member of tine Massachusetts leg
i>lature-says that not a day passes with
out the commission of murders and rob-
bcries Of freedmen. OF these cases the
writer saw three I'm one ,l:,v-one with
his throat cut. one with his brains beaten
ont. and Il third likewise mutllated. An
other had his ewes blown out with gun
powder because he would not renew a
contract after his master had refused 10
fulfill the old one. Nobody spoke of love
to the [ nion, but hate of the freedmen
and OF the Yankees was everywhere Ut
tered
The negroeS Were exposed to extermi
nation. The most gnorant. corrupt and
unprinciplcd of men. worse than when
secession commenced. held sway. With
the troops withdrawn. the lives of freed
men would not bc safe.
General Charles Howard, brother of
the clict of bureau. also reports the
abuse OF the militia in Georgia. Aabama
and Mississippi. and SAYS that there should
bc troops sufficient for the protection OF
the freedmen Of these states.
, Mr. Salisbury ~ail he should vote
against referring this resolution. l'nlc>>
Congress should di>arm the militia OF
Massachusetts,. it had no power TO di~arn
t.lat Of Mississippi He would ask the
senator from Massachusetts if CONGRESS
possessed that power with regard 10 hi
own state.
Mr.. Wilson dil not express an opinion.
but s;,il that Jefferson Davis had long :i.o
claimed such power for the general GOV
cInmrnt. ~ 10 these men. they had once
been di>arncd rs rebels, and Were now
armed ;.;lia but they were rs much reb.
cl> now - then.
Mr. S.u!~burv-IIaS Congress power
10 di>lanI tl,c militia OF a state,
! NT. Wil>on-C"ngreSs has power I,
di,arm ruliiinS and traitors.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1866-03-09

Oft in search of my horse, expecting a
grizzly bear to make his appearance from
every clump of bushes that passed. AZ
ter Il tramp of several miles l was fortu-
nate to find my horse, whose lariat Lad
become entangled around some shrubs
near which he had stopped to feed and,
mounting him bare-backed, l turned my
head toward where l had left my saddle
and other mpeiimenta, nor was | sorry,
soon after sunrise the following morning, to
see the long avenue of stately live oaks.
which line the road is YOU approach the
mission Of San jose.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1866-03-09

At a bisamy suit recently instituted
against a young woman in England, it
turned out that one of her husbands was
named Little and the other Long. One
oi, our funny contributors, on hearing of
the case, said he could imagine the wo-
man addressing her brace of husbands
thus: 'Love me, Lttle--loNe me, Long.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1866-03-09

X New York letter writer says that not
F, diam twenty Of the New England
..- who were >eluccd from their homes
i, ''o emigration scheme OF Mercer, and
"ic,t behind by him, have been driven
: poverty to a life Of shame, and are
y" inmates Of New York brothcl..