The Fairfield herald. [volume] (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1849-1876, 1866-08-15

Anglo American Telegraph Compan,
invests the whole subject with intcrc ST
We therefore publish The following note.
for general information.
In reply to the objections urged that
the cable viii not prove d urahlc, it. i
stared by Mr.. G. II. Valley, an cmlncn
English electrician, that there is II,
instance Of deep sea cable that WA.
perfect when laid having failed in decl
water. The best preservation Of quit;
percha is sea water. Failure of ca blc>
already laid proves no deterioration O
the gntta percha it has proceeded from
imperfect joints and imperfect manpfac
ture. The Dover and Calais cable laid
in 1851, is still doing its duty. The
Malta and Alexandria line is aid IN
three sections, and the one laid in deep
sea from Malta to Tripoli has never cosi
sixpencc for repairs. The injuries, with
one exception, have al! been between
Bcneazi and Alexandria, where the ca
bic IS laid in shallow water, aud where il
has had to be repaired each time i, has
been chafrd by the rocks. In the new
: Atlantic cable the shore end was carried
successfully far ont Of reach into decb
water, and we have no instance on
record Of cable approaching to the
weight Of this shore end having been
injured. 1t has been urged that the
high price charged for messages, name.
ly SIS per word Of FIVE letters savors Of
"xtortion, but this is explained by the
directors by saying that it is to prevent
the one line from being overrun with
business. that which is already offered
being more than sufficient to keep opcr-
ators at work II ght and day. The csti.
mated earning Of the cable for the pre-.
sent year is 81 100000
Inventors are at work upon codes OF
Signals whereby to increase rapid V "l
transmission.
There arc fifty fnur snhmarin" tcle-
graph cables now in successful working
order, the insulated wires for which were
manufactured by the Gutta Pcrcha Com
pany Of London
The frs, cable laid was the line from
Dover to Calais, 81 statute miles ii
length, with l"3 miles Of insulated wire.
which worked successfully for the last
fifteen years.
Th" longest is the cable from Malta
TO Alexandria. |, was laid in 1861
AsT have already nntrd, il is laid ia
three sections. IT. is | 535 miles long
and lies iii 420 lalhoms Of water. IT, has
only one insulated wire. |, has worked
well for five wears.
hn Il ii
l45' miles in length 1t was laid in
1864.
The lire from England to Denmark,
=, 3G5 miles in length II has llOi
miles OF insulated wire. 1t has been in
operation seven vrhrS.
The line from England to Hanover il
$50 miles in length, with two insulated
wires.
The shortest line is the cable from The
Strait Of Cause to Cape Breton, Nova
Sc"'ia, which is only l} miles in length.
The deepest land cable extends from
Tcnlon 10 Corsica. 1t is l95 miles long,
and lies in 1850 falhoms of water.
The total length of these various lines
(54) is G3ll miles, with ll,0SO5 miles
Of insulated wires.
One has worked Is years; 5 have
; worked l3 years; have worked ~
years 2 have worked IL years.; has
worked 10 years; 3 have worked 8
y"ars;G have worked 8 years 8 have
worked I years; 8 have worked 6 years !;
5 have worked S years 4 have wnricd
4 years; have worked for 6 months to
a year and n half A note to this list
adds that IA great many cables Of short
lengths, not included in this catalogue,
are now at work in various parts Of the
world; and other cables, the wires in
s'fmted by the Gnt.a Percha Company,
have been laid by Messrs. FELTON, &
GnilIeaume, Of Cologne, during the last
8 years, amounting to over 1000 miles,
which arc now in working order
The SIGNIFICANCE OF JEFFERSON
DAVIS TR,AL.- The approaching trial
Of Mr.. Jefferson Davis will test the va
li6sty of States rights in manner wor.
! thy of the immense importance OF the
principle. A great defendant and a
great cause will compel great YER
dict. The Southern theory, and it used
to be the Northern theory until the Eu.
lopcan element became predominant in
the Puri'anic and despotic section Of the
| Union, is that the first allegiance Of a
citizen is due TO his own State. When
the State Of Mississippi seeded from the
Union by the legitimate action Of its
Legislature, Mr.. Davis would have been
a traitor to Mississippi if he had refused
his adhesion. Upon that ssne his trial
VIII depend. 1t will be great cause
in America and throughout the world
but greatest IN Amercn, because the
verdict will help to determine the qnas
tion that lies at the root Of American
liberty. IL the first allegiance is dnn tc
tho Federal power in cases not external
to the Union, A merican democracy Ia as
dead as American slavery, and the FL
ture dictator has but to sharpen his
sword and bide his time for his inevita
Bile triumph .--Blackwoods Magazine.
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