davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
The True Cause Of the War-What the
South Fought TO indicate.

bOutn fOuEnt 10 f1ndicate.
Fron tfeEufauia (Ala.l News.l
ii We we're asked TO give the strongest
argument in favor IF the late war, we
would point TO the conduct of the domi-
nant party towards the South since the
close of the war Such inveterate hate
and bloodhound cruelty are not the re-
suit of ihe conflict OF arms, or they
would be the universal feeling Of the
North This hatred existed long before
the war-so long, indeed, that it has
become hereditary, Traditional, educa-
tioDal, and only wanted the opportunity
to develop all the brutality which now
characterizes every word and deed of
that beastly faction which has so
thoroughly degraded justice, humanity,
christianity asd free government The
South Asa long been aware of the char
scter and designs OF the blood-thirsty
Jacobins, and saw, in the rapid growth
of that party, that the only security for
Southern rights was an existence out
side of the Union. However signal the
failure to accomplish this object, the at
tempt has demonstrated the fact that
Southern objection to New England
domination had long been the purpose
of the Puritans, and that war could only
have been indefinitely postponed by an
ignominous surrender Of slavery, first,
and those State rights which were de-
signed TO protect the Union against the
tyranny Of consolidation. For yearsbe-
fore the bloody crisis, the people Of
the North we're admonished, by the
great men of both sections, that the con-
sequences of their radical fanaticism
must be disastrous TO the Union, ifnot to
free Institutions here and elsewhere.
those consequences were pointed out
with the logical accuracy Of cause and
effect, and left the Radicals no plea for
persistence IN their mad career, except
settled purpose to discover the Union, or
enslave the South Every step in their
progress brought them nearer TO the con-
summation Of the end in view, and every
legitimate deduction from expressed
opinions aud party ovolutions lifted
higher the himsy veil thrown, in mockery,
over the hideous features of their de-
signs. The statesmen Of the South were
not deceived as 10 the motives and OBJ
jects OF the Northern fanatics, and en-
deavored, by remonstrance, argument
and compromise, TO avert the impending
crisis. All their efforts were unavailing.
and now, that the evil is upon us, the in.
carnate iends, with devilish impotence
would fasten upon the South all the
blame, aud inflictupon il all the suffering
that ought, rightfally, to be endured BY
themselves alone. Whatever may be the
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
Scan. Maya Husband Shot by His
Wifes Paramour---Tremendop Floods
in the Red River Country. Tr Jal

CAIRO, May PA shocking case Of
scan. mag occurred to-day at Metropo-
lis, H. Mrs. Fred Hayden, of Mound
City, ran away with Johu CroweH The
husband pursued the parties and found
them at Metropolis. Hayden was talk
ing to his wife, and while so doing, Gro
we'll rushed out of room and shot him
with shot gun, the discharge taking
effect in Hayden's right breast AT
pm he was still alive, but bleeding in
ternallv, and there are but little hopes
of his recovery. Crowell was not ar
rested at the latest accounts -
A gentleman just down from the Red
river country says the foods were so
sudden that much merchandise was
reached before it could be removed.
In some instances the water rose to the
tops of the houses, and many foundations
we're removed Many cattle were over
ridden by the floods and drowned, or
driven to the high lands and starved
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
Good News.

The following good news we find in the
Washington correspondence of the Chi
cago Tribune, Radical disnnion paper
He says: at0a
/ think there can be no longer n reason
able doubt that the days of the. Freed
mems Bureau are numbered and finished
in the Executive purpose The special
commissioners, whom you very justly
handled ia the editorial columns few
days since, were not sent out TO ascer-
tain the workings of the Bureau, bad and
good, but were sent to discover and de-
tail abuses, larger and smaller, all that
could be found, that their report might
constitute true bill of Indictment upon
which the President, as final judge and
only jury, might condemn the entire or
ganization to abolition.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
pivorces.

Indiana has long been famous for the
case with which people can procure d.
vorces in her courts II is reported from
New Albany, an Indiana town, that d.
vorce was recently granted, among many
Others, III The. case Of Mccartney VS..
Mccartney, but neither Of the parties
knew Of the suit, or was present when
the decree was made both lived togeth-
er most happily, aud were astounded to
find that they were separated How it
happened no one knows, but the divorce
was granted, and the parties mag have
to get married over again. Sucli loose
proceedings as these are the natural re-
suit of the wretched divorce laws of Indi-
ana
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
AUSTRIAN PREPARATIONS.

"A Venice letter, dated May Sd. states
that Austria has been making extensive
preparations for war, both with Italy and
Prussia. since the Inception of the Ger
man difficulty, and that she was at the
latest moment well prepared for a bloody
defense of her position on the frontiers
of both countries The writer says that
the Italians in and around Venice were
not particularly excited; they looked for
sharp and decisive struggle, and
curiously enough expected ready adj
justment of the Austro- Italian question
as result
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
washington News and Gossip.

New York, May %. Washington
specials say there is a powerful Pennsyl-
vania lobby here TO influence legislation
in favor Of protection. Ex-senator Cam
eron is the leader. iieas iii.is uif. "a
The policy OF the Administration in
respect TO Mexican affairs is gradually
assuming different shape, aud may lead
to Congressional Endorsement of the
loan which is being urged under a strong
pressure. tf
The Express states that from January
to the time Of the Eastport fasco, $4,000
were received by 0'Mahoney, of which
$50 900 were sent toIreland, the remain
ing $3.50, 900 being spent here.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

opinions Of this generation- opinions
founded upon passion, prejudice, lgno.
rance, corrupllon--time will elicit truth,
and history will vlndicp,e. the character
OF the truth, The justice Of It's canss and
the bravery aud magnanimiiy OF its peo-
pie In doing this. history must disclose,
per eoRtra, the haseness, injustice and
cruelty OF the Northern fanatics; their
disregard OF constitutional law, their
savage system Of warfare, hostility to
free government, and their abandonment
OF every virtue that eleystes the man
above he brute. From al which must
follow the inference that no people Ola
high type can live in peace with self
righteous, meddlng Pnri.ans---a fact
we'll known since the days OF Charles l..
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
The Impending War.
FrDm tho New York Exprcss,

frsM Tue Ne" !, s'A nSs''eSs'i ,f,,, /,
We sec nothing IN our nu'ices ny the
packets arrived here today 10 warrant
the hope that some other means Than NE
sword can be iound MS a solution OF the
Herman quesnon' mere Us Trustworthy
information from beriln that the propo-
Stion tor congress, submitted oy the
British Government 10 that OF RUSSIA
has been AT once and decisive'y rejected
That proposition, the Prime minister OF
England mas declared IN tournaments can
not be renewed; III is zoe iate' III wou'o
DO no good When a m'lhoh OF men are
under arms, aifahimaied wlht he nerees'
OF human passions and .n,rsting ivr
blood, iurther oner 70 aroitrateo OF med''
ave would De out the VOICE OF one srylhg
~ tne wilderness Nooocy wouiu neeo
or near Inc queen OF RUSSIA " a
uaughter OF the queen OF England, ana
Renee there are urgent soelai as wen as
o,her teasons lor MINISTERS 10 eAnsus.
every =, en9r d, 70 KEEP ,he peace nut II we
teau Ear Clarendon a,'sp. tne po'hl .,
eNnausuon IS a'reSuy rsaeheu
no,h,ng reniains lor rnsn1hu now out 70
s.and oy anu iooh On AZ que o1'lna ra''o"
AT ~ as Is Saie 9isl n,: as may oe
rapce' c'ear''i % ~ ~ iar u' ~
s'ate OF , 'nlhd: ner i Eupero,as y ny
ay,uu! pucs.'s on ms u, nho' 20 w.
AMY pursu;ng y eod rs "u,on ere.g
uonPiusise'y il'uiea'es lIs $50. sa.,e'ao
uon az .ne way INNS are g1."E WIN I is
InY'En9pois, "n'en lsa.I J"'! n
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
A Sad Story Of Deception and Crime.

Nav YoRK, May 23.-The Daily Neio,
makes public a story Of deception and
crime seldom met with IL appears that
when Mrs. Gen. Eaton, so famous as The
leader OF social aud fashionable life IN
Washington during the administration
Of President jackson, became a widow IN
a foreign land, she returned 10 this coun-
try, taking up her residence. She
adopted two Of her grandchildren-a boy
and a girl, and with a competence
amounting to at least one hundred thou
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
HeImbOId's Extract Bachu
d. Is THE GREAT DIURETIC.
HELMBOLD's HIGHLY CONCENTRATED
Compound Fluid Extract sarsaparilla,

HELMBOLD'S HIGHLY OONCbN mar I'D
Compound Fluid Extract sarsaparilla,,
For purifying the blood, removing all chronic
constitutional diseases arising from an impure
state Of the blood. and the only reliable and
Scald Head. Salt Rheum, Pans and Swellings
OF the Bones liberation of the Throat and Legs.
Biotches, Pimplcs on the Face, Tetier, krysip-
elias and all scaly eruptiOns of the skin.
AND THE
Not few of the worst disorders that affect
mankind arise from the corruption that accu-
mulatcs in the blood. OF all the discoveries
that have boen made to purge it out, none can
equal in effect Ielmbold's Compound Extract
Sarsaparilla. ltcleanses and renovates the blood
instils the vigor Of health into the system. and
purges out the hnmors which make disease. Ii
stimulates the healthy functions Ofthe body and
expels the disorders that grow and rankle in
the blood such remedy that could be relied
on on, has long been sought for. and now, Tor
the first time, the public have one on which fuzzy
can depend. Our space here does not admit of
certificates 10 show its effects but the trial Of
single bottle wilt show the sick that il has vir-
turs SURPRISING everything they have ever taken.
Two tablespoonful Of the Extract Of SaTsapa-
rilia added 20 pint Of water e equal 20 the
Lisbon Diet Drink, and one bottle is fully equal
70 gallon of the Syrup OF SaTsaparilla. OF the
dccOetion as usually made
81 These Extracts have been admitted 10
use in the United States army, and are also in
very general use in all the state hospitals and
public sanitary institutions throughout the
land. as well az in private practices, and are
considered as invaluable remedies.
See Medical properties - Buchu, from Dis
pensatOry Of the United States.
See Professor Dewer's valuable works on the
Practice Of Physic.
See remarks made by the late celebrated DIR.
Physie. Of Philadelphia .I.Lln
See remarks made by DIR. Bphraim M'Dowell.
. celebrated Physician and Member Of the
Royal College of Surgeons. Ireland and rub
lished in the Transactions Of the King and
Queens journal. ..-
See Medico Chicurgical Review. pubhshedby
BENJAMIN TTavers. Fellow of Royal College OF
Surgeons. Itll .tI IH. IH
See most Of the late standard works Of medi-
cine. 80
Rxtract Buchu, "Sarsaparilla-" Sold By ali
druggists. Principal depot-H slmbold's Drur
and Chemical Warehouse, 59i Broadway. ]
marl6-myl6-lyin
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

From the Fortress Monroe Cor. N. Y. World.l
This distinguished lady is now one Of
the established residents in this salu-
brious neighborhood She appears do
mesticated, and, in the language Of an
old campaigner, has effected the object
Of her reconnaissance " in being united
to her husband Once in while she
visits Norfolk, where some Of her rela-
tives reside and yesterday she returned
from there accompanied by Colonel Wal
ter H. Taylor. late Adiutant General 10
Gen. Robert l.. Lee Whoever has once
beheld this lady cannot forget her. Tall,
graceful, and Of rather pensive DISPOSE
ton at present, she appears greatly
altered from the dashing, lively leader Of
Senatorial fashions Of years ago, when
the high-toned rallied around the
distinguished Mississippi Senators wife.
Mrs Davis is kindly treated by every
body, and wherever she comes people
vie with each other TO do her homage
A few days ago she visited the extensive
dry goods house Of Selden a Co, Of Nor
folk. the Stewart of that city, and
the purchases she made then we're imme-
diately paid for by subscriptions made
up on the spot, to which Mr.. Wertheimer,
the resident member Of the firm, most
literally contributed She is treated
with great respect, and am happy to
say that the masses have dehity enough
to keep at a respectful distance. No mat
ter what her husband was, or Is, be Is
now in an unfortunate situa ion and
while the public sympathy is not with
him as a leader Of the rebellion, his
plight as a prisoner IS deplored, and
everybody's desire is TO see him tried
and iustlv dealt with.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
rhs "Irrsprss.,bls Conflict.

BALTINoRE. May 25.--In the United
States District Court today. Jndge Giles
decided a petition for an injunction
against a city passenger railroad for re-
fnsing TO allow the petitioner, A. Broad
ley, eolored, 10 ride ia said cars The
Judge ordered that the facts stated in
the petition do not present "A case for
equitable action of the Court by way Of
injunction. The petitioner in this case
claims 10 be lawyer from Boston The
colored people generally protest against
his course AZ an uncalled-for interfer-
euce in their behalf
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
Rldiculnus.

The public is well aware that the pull
pit has long been prosiituted 10 base uses
by persons incapable Of properly under
standing its sacredness. Here is novel
specimen Of pulpit uses, We read that
Rev. DR.. Shaw, of Rochester. New
York, preached on Sunday very prac-
teal sermon, setting forth the Chris
tan duty of making preparations for the
approach of cholera. He denounced
Dig styes and COW pens, showed up the
hlthy condition of the streets and sewers,
aud made sneh pointed deductions as
we're naturally suggested by his opposite
text on, Jerusdiem, VW thou be
clean .
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
POWER.

The Cincinnati Commercial says
" The whole question resolves itself to
this-that just SO long as a majority of
the people are loyal, secession is impos-
siblei when a majority become disloyal,
coercion is impossible A Republic can
only exist SO long as its people are
politically virtuous.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
~ YOUNG GIRLS TRIBUTE.

The Southern papers are full Of eulo-
gies on the Confederate dead. The
Southern soul is full of the sentiment of
admiration for their heroic deeds, and Of
sorrow for their fate Not to mourn
for them, not to honor their memory,
would prove the Southern people desti-
tute Of manlinsss and unworthy to be
free. The North would think less of
them, would scorn them, and rightly
deny to them the privileges Of civil gov
ernment. But whatever may befal them,
the memory Of the soldier of the South
who laid down his life in cause that
failed. will be remembered, be honored
in history and embslmed in poetry.
The children are growing up with this
spirit, aud nothing can subdue it The
sacrifices, the achievements of the South
ern soldiers in the late war, will form
the basis and furnish the material for
Sonthern literature The schools are
already ringing with the theme To il
lss,rate We have before us, a compost
ton BY a little girl, a pupil Of the
uysrHs LADIES INSTITUTE, which
We pul,lish with pleasure:
"Tbe South mourns her dead. Yes,
Granger the South weeps for her fallen
IL :, her lamentations. Monu-
nepts. deeked with beautiful flowers,
.bs rear. TO them as a tribute Of respect
md pride. Take your pathway over the
Sunny sOutA'-ths smiles
AVE fiown and tears are in their stead
The magnolias still shed their fragrtnce
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
REBEL CAPTURES.

According TO official returns made to
the New York Chamber of ICON userce
the total number of vessels captured by
rebel privateers is 283, possessing total
tonnage of 49,, 307 The estimated value
of cargoes and vessels is $25, $40, 900
OF the vessels, 235 we're destroyed, worth,
with cargoes, $2O,OS8, 900 The remain
der we're bonded and released.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

LoulsyirLE, May %, The midnight
dispatches bring no confirmation of the
Democrats special report Of the large
fire at Pittsburg. 1t is undoubtedly
falses and was probably intended to refer
to the extensive confagration at Oh
City, Pennsylvania. hpHl
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

paEThe Empress EUGEEIE, whom We
cannot avoid always thinking of 81
young and beautiful, is rapidly approach
ing that uncertain certain age" which
women so much dread Time is writing
wrinkles on her once smooth face. She
is growing stout, and her features are
rapidly losing their frmness and deli
cacy Of character.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

p1r The Italian journals contain
letter of thanks by GARIBALDI, addressed
to LEDRU ROLLrS, KARL BLIND and Gen
LASGLEwIEz, in connection with the re-
cent great eommemOrstion .fste at Pal
ermo. GARIBALDI expresses the hope
that the Italian banner is destined to
wave over Rome.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
Elsct,on in West virginia.

WHEELING, May 25-The election in
West Virginia yesterday, for the ratifca-
ton %. rejection of the constitutional
amendment disfranchisihg persons en-
gagged in the rebellion, passed off quietly.
Returns from interior counties come in
very slowly. Full returns received from
'eleven@countiesm far Indicate large
majorities for the ratification. Wheeling
city and Ohio county gave over three
thousand majority for rejection
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
From St. Louis.

ST. IaUIs, May 2S. The New. School
Presbyterian Assembly has provided for
the appointment of committee of Fl
teen, to consult with similar committee
Of the Old School, Assembly, on the
subject Of organization andireuniou
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

BAY Three young men At Newton,
Iowa, are counting the ssase dsmsel
They all me, at the ohar@rrs hoose at
once last week,,apd an explosion occur
nd. Neither would leave, aud pistols
were finally drawn, But the affair pass.
ed on without blhs-lShed a a,i.sif'
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
USE HELMROLD,S

F l. q d e < T X A c 7 b q G II U
In all diseases of these organs. whether exist
in MALE" OF " Female" from whatever cause
originating, and no matter how long standing
1t Is pleasant in taste and odor, immediate
In action, and more strengthening than any of
the preparations of bark or iron.
Those suffering from broken down or delicate
constitutions, procure the remedy at once.
The reader must be aware that however slight
may be the attack Of the above diseases. IL is
certain to affect his bodily health, mental pow
ers, and happiness. ~.
diurafic ..r. ........
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

rdr A correspondent of the Salisbury
IN c. Banner, speaking Of the wheat
crop Of the mountain district, says
q Wheat crops look very promising. 1t
is believed by old farmers here that more
than an average crop viii be realized, if
nothing providentislly occurs to destroy
the crop till harvested"
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

ros" The Auburn A2rerdser says that
the attempt to cry down Secretary Nc
CULLocH, is for the purpose of putting
FREEMAN CLARKE, the present Comp
troler ofthe Treasury, in his place
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

as~ The London Ga-eifs wants to
kasr uheshevi IL was not right, that
Nlo9 ANRErw IuHSS0N succeeded to
The RSvSslsney be ,should discard the
Z Tfes With which the Aboliiionists had
fasessea Iinn ~ 21rco4 .nOifol
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
pdy The Paris correspondent of tn,

pD The faris corresponding OF the
London Times asserts that the declara-
tons in the published speech of the EN-
peror were not uttered at Auxerre, but
that be subsequently wrote them and had
them not only printed in the papers as
his speech, but also had them plaeardes
throughout the large towns
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

sas- 1t is reported that Radical
member Of the Harris district of Penn.
sylvania, in his speech in the House on
Wednesday, urged his eo-laborers To
hurry Up their business, as this might
be the last Republican Congress that
would meet for some time, ii not forever
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
Bridge Opening Removal Of President
Johnson's Nsphew fren oaice.

NAsHvILuE, TENN, Nay 25.-Ihe sus-
pension bridge will be opened 10 the
public on Tuesday next
Andrew johnson, Jr., nephew OF the
President, has been removed from the
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

sas- A majority of the Senate Com
mittee on the District of Columbia are
in favor of doing away with election of
Mayor and Councils, and governing the
district by commissioner.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

ZIMMERMANN. - The friends and ac-
quantances Of George Zimmerman are re-
spectfuly requested to attend his fuaerai to-
morrow. at 10 o'clock an. from the residence
of his brother. q. Zhnmermann. No. 1865 Third
street, near Poplar. .ss.t. .A 4.a Nh
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

Bs5H The cholera, 80 far as New York
is concerned, is a failure. The people of
that city have become reassured, aud do
not think it viii visit them.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

GB~The latest invention is the pal
piiating bosom" for the ladies, which
" heaves% by the touch Of an "emo-
tional spring" concealed under the left
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
CITY NOTICE.

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN TO 0CCU-
~ pants of houses north Of Poplar street and
east Of the bayou, 20 procure their numbers
within ten days, in accordance with the ordi.
nance for numbering houses and lots. hope
all will promtly comply. -. -.
j. II. MCCLURE. City Engineer.
MruPBTs May 18th 1864. my26-2t
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

taS-The Franklin TENNESSEE Rsrie,o
says It don't Know which is the worst,
the Radicals or the cut-worms Both are
doing their best to destroy the country.
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
n.sg- Mr. Tovrxy has made n stai,

pss5" Mr.. ToMENY has made state
ment denying the truth of charges made
against him in an Indictment in the
United States Court in Mobile. We shs-
pend an opinion as TO bis guilt, or inpo-
ceuco, until the proof comes out q y q
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

Bss~ A crusty old maid, who don't read
her Bible, says that woman is twice as
good as man, and proves it by the Or
thography-W-o-m- you, OF
ln0n
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

Bay An election for State officers viii
be hela in freSAs GA ihe sS,A of June
next Al the s~me lImc vote will be
taken on adopting " rejecting the new
Substitution There seems to he no
iNah, as to the saopsiea Of the new con-
SfisatiAa ftn. tar..t ss.f.,. fIlt F'
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28
From New York.

Nsw YoRk, May 2o-l2 M-Cotton.
steady, at from. 4l@43c;, gold, 1874;
bankers sixty days sterling, 81, aud
dull .s
Public ledger. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1865-1893, 1866-05-28

pe5- A New York paper tells its male
readers how to talk to lady" Doesn't
everybody know that2 .'i s.sss-s