New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-10-06

DI
man Of tomorrow. His battles were armistices BIS
forts always covered with flags Of truce The crafty
Jackson was TOO strong rival, and Clay was swept
away.
The financial questions 80 much agated during
JacksOn's administration were minor phases OF the
contests between Slavery and Freedom. Upon the
abstract question of Protection and Free Trade the
wiscst reasoning teaches that Free Trade IS the
ultimate growth Of all civilization, and that just tar
IFS lead TO il as their fruitOn AS We nurture the
child into manhood by careful system Of restraints
and privileges, do We cultivate our trade system,
that in the end peeofreedom of barter and sale may
exist between nations. This has been the policy OF
England. Her tariffs were rigdly, and at times cru
ely protective, until she commanded the commerce OF
the world. The owDor OF one empire ana twenty
colonies under whose soepter all the fruits OF the
field and every form of mans handicraft existed,
could afford TO ask the nations TO come TO Its markets
| and buy. great thinker has aPtly indlcated Tue
English policy to be that all the world Should
lDbrng lemons and wine to London. Free Trade IN
England is the effort Of the rich manufacturers to
control the markets Of the world. Free Trace III
America was the second step OF Slavery. slavery
capital in the sense Of man-owninghad 10 degraded
abor that every Carolinian who traded bale of cot
ton represented in the barter the vice. the oppression
the misery Of race. Tho Massachusetts iactor
who traded his bale Of cotton goods represented
intelligent communities, olean-iaced eharen gong
to school, churches, homes OF love and thInt tne
balot-bOx. So Massachusetts declared that, 10 90
Justice to her laboring man-t0 give him MONIES,
churches schools, and opportunity for advancement3
she could not compete with the LABOR OF Englanu,
oppressed and cheapened by capital, by corn laws aud
heavy taxation nor with the labor of the South which
was simply that of horses and mules and machinery,
needing only food clothing and pallet OF straw
Carolina rose in the dignity Of the cotton bale ana de
manded that "prOtectOn "Or in other words the at.
tempt to elevate labor beyond the plantation standard
should be abandoned. Unless that was amended she
would nulfy the tariff. On one side stood Massa-
chusetts pleading for the dignity OF laborj on the
other South Carolina demanding the absolute mas
terry of capital. Thus began the struggle known as
NullifcatiOn creating a great uproar In its day. and
at one time believed 10 threaten war.
In this Notification business the South won. JACK
son threatened, wrote prOclamations' ana eomPion-
ised, Mr. Calhoun pursued policy which Mr. DAVIS
followed in 1861 By taking the extreme ground OF
notification he frightened the North united the South,
and DESTROYED the budding Emancipation movement
in Virginia, Just Daysi in 1861 frightened Buchanan
and rushed Virginia into treason Those who applaud
jackson for his courage in that crisis should remember
that the imperious Tennesseean was almost as much
10 blame as James Buchanan 80 years later To
please the Calhoun influence Jackson recon-
mended suspension OF Post-Ofhce priv
eees of the Abolitonsts, and was willing that free
labor in the North should become slave labor in the
South. He organized a great political party to be-
come a mere instrument in the hands OF Calhoun. lie
was in favor Of the annexation OF Texas and the Ter
ritOria enlargement OF Slavery. jackson Democracy
became Calhoun Democracy-foT, While one was sell
FISH personal vndictive, The other, bold, compact,
commanded by the most subtle American oil his time,
advanced steadily to the empire Of Slavery. Jackson
had no friend who knew him and his purposes better
than Roger B. fancy fancy was his parasite hrs
magnicently rewarded friend; and to Roger b fancy
Jackson Democrat--belongs the inlamy OF deciding
that Slavery was the supreme destiny OF America, and
the nominal condition Of the negro IN the territories.
Jackson had no follower who traded moro largely
upon his favor than James Buchanan-aDd yet, in the
Light OF all the suhmelyterribe lessons Of the past
five years James Buchanan, Jackson Democrat, sits
down and writes that the criminal cause Of the late
war was the act Of the American people disobeying
and resisting the fancy dctum which sought TO &C.
tabsh the everlasting power OF slavery. .
Far he IL from Us 10 take one Leaf from The crown
that America has placed upon the brow Of Andrew
Jackson A generation honored him as the most II.
lustrious Of men-anOther generation has been DIS
posed TO honor him as q demi-god. lie was neither.
Faithful in what he conceived to be devotion 10 cOun
try we yet trace to Jackson 10 his followers, TO his
policy, many OF the superinduoing causes OF the Sc.
cessiOn war He was the impersOnatiOn Of fOrce-by
nature combativc. You must either be his enemy OF
his friend You could not be his friend without be-
coming his creature nor his enemy without cons ant
danger of O challenge to personal combat, or an
assault with cane and pistol on the highway. lie
created the policy that the nation should have none In
in office but the Presidents friends and that his
personal preferences should control every appoint
ment Experience, honesty, fidelity, service in war,
wounds in battle were nothing in the eyes OF this
resolute naTOw-minded man. Every ofice-hOlder
must answer a Jackson test and when these tests in
voyed paror-etiquette, and womens teatable gossip,
we can imagine the ig3ominy they entailed. You
must believe with Jackson i'll everything from his
war upon the Bank down TO his notions about the
virtue of Mrs. Undertake. The lesson has been
faithfully followed, and we see its effects IN
the debaucbery which has crept into official
life in that absence Of Independence,
which can never exist when mans livelihood de-
ponds upon his subseryiency TO politician. Not the
least among the Of the Secession war must be
placed the Generalization occasioned by this pol
icy. The Republic has never escaped from
his Capitalization Of executive power IL was a
weapon which made the Democracy inyincble as an
organization, especially when headed by soldier
whose character appealed strongly 10 our national
love Of vgor that We followed him with tumultuous,
incOnsderate Joy and whose memory even now IL
Of the most peculiar influences in American politics.
As we have said the cloud arose in Massachusetts,.
On January 30 1892, company OF earnest entlusi.
astic and what it the fashion 10 CALL fanatical
men, assembled in the city Of Boston and organized
the New England Anti-Slayery Society. On the l2th
day of the December following, John c. Calhoun,
having resigned the Presidency on the Nulhfca.
ton question, took his seat in the Senate the Repre-
sentative of South Carolina. He came to conquer.
Calhoun defiant and trump hant-Garrison defiant
and strugglng-mark the antsgonisms Of the sys-
TENS they represented. If Mr. Calhoun had been
defeated in 1882, the alliance between England
aud the South would not have been cOnsummated
in 1861. Secession was tho natural growth Of
nullihcat0n. III was the spirit OF treason, Oppres-
sion and usurpation Clay,s tariff was q compro-
mise and he gave US none more baneful dur
ing his compromising career. Upon the Clay prin-
ciple: Peace to-day-let tomorrow take care of
itself" tho measure was pohhc, but in the
end full of evil. The concessions of that
tariff strengthened Slavery. Cotton was crowned,
and reigned over American industry and com.
MERGE ever wheat and iron and corn and coal and
gold, until Mr. Morrill, speaking the voice of labor,
broke the scepter That reign gave the South COM
manding influence in the markets of Paris and Lon
don. No man did more toward this result than An.