Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1866-02-22
From the North Carolina Planter. !

From the North Carolina P1anter.]
Fixed Facts I'm Agriculture.
These may be assumed rs fixed facts in agricul
l. AL lands on which clover or the grasses are
grown, must either have lime in them, naturally,
or the mineral must be artifcially supplied. It
matters but little whether il be supplied in the
form of stone-ljane, oyster-sheX lime, or mart
2. All permanent improvement of lands must
look to lime as its basis.
B. Lands which have been long in culture, will
be benefited by applications of phosphate Of lime,
and it is unimportant whether the deficiency be
supplied III the form of bone dust, guano native
phosphate of lime, composts OF fish, ashes,-or IN
that of oyster shell lime-or marl--if the land
needs lining, also
I. No lands can he preserved ia q high state of
fertility unless clover and the grasses are cultiva
ted in the course of rotation.
5. MomId is indispensable to every soil, and
healthy supply can alone be preserved through
the cultivation of clover and the grasses, the turn
ing in of green crops, or by the application of
composts, rich i'll the elements ofmould.
6. All highly concentrated animal manures are
increased in value and their benefit prolonged, by
admixtnre with plaster, salt or pulverized char
coal.
7. Deep ploughuag greatly improves the produc
tive powers of variety of soil that is not wet.
8. Sn6soHing sound land, that is land that is not
wet, is eminently conducive to increased produc-
ton.
8. All wet land should be drained.
10. All grain crops should be harvested several
days before the grain is thoroughly ripe.
IL Clorer, well as other grasses, intended for
hay, should be moved when in bloom.
II. Sandy lands be most eftectua1ly i'm
proved by clay. When such lands require lining,
or marlng, the lime or mari is more beneficially
applied when made into compost with clay. In
Stacking lime, salt brine is better than water.
Is. The chopplng. or grinding OF grain, to be
fed to stock, operates saving of at least twenty
five per cent.
Il Draining of wet lands and marshes, adds to
their value, by making them produce more and
better crops-by producing them earlier,-and by
improving the health of neighborhoods.
IS. To manure or lime wet lands is to throw
manure lime and labor away.
16. Shallow plonghing operates to impoverish
the soil, while it decreases production.
II. By stablng and shedding stock through the
winter, q saving of one-fourth of the food may be
eH9cted-that is, one-fourth less food Will answer,
than when such stock may be exposed to the in
clemencies of the weather.
Is. A bushel of plaster per acre. sown broadcast
over clover, will add one hundred per cent to its
produce. .rtlr..... "a.
49, Perio jlical applications of ashes tend to
keep up the integrity OF soils, by supplying most,
if not all of the inorganic substances
20 Thorough preparation of land is absolutely
necessary to the successful and luxurant growth of
crops.
81. Abundant crops cannot be grown for sue
cession of years, unless care be taken to provide,
off the land in the products grown thereon.
% To preserve meadows in their productive
ness, it is necessary to harrow them every second
autumn apply top-dressings, and roll them.
% All stiff clays are benefited by fall and
winter ploughings but should never be ploughed
while they are wet If, at such ploughings, the
furrow be materially deepened, lime, mari OF ashes
should be applied.
"a Young stock should be moderately fed with
grain, in winter, and receive generous supplies of
essential RI in
tr condition, IN order that the formation of mus
Gle, bones, &c, may be encouraged and continu-
ously carried on.
25 Mich COWS, in winter, should be kept in
dry, moderately warm, but well ventilated quar-
ters be regularly fed and watered three times a
day, sated twice or thrice week. have clean beds,
be curried daily, and, in addition to their long
provender, should receive succulent food, morn
ing and evening.
g. Full compliments Of tools, and implements
of husbandry, are intimately connected with the
success of the husbandman.
81. Capital is not only necessary to agricultural
success but can be protitably used in farming
any other occupation.
2S. Puncttallty in engagements is as necessary
to an agriculturist as is it to merchant.
o. Every husbandman should carefully read
and digest matters connected with his business
his success being dependent upon q full knowl-
edge of its principles and details, is that of the
lawyer physician with knowledge of the
science of law, on physic.
80. Wheat, rye, oats and barley, should never
follow each other in of rotation there
should always be an intervening hoe crop between
them.
81. Weeds should never be permitted to mature
their seed on farm, but be pulled up or cut down
as often as they show themselves, such being the
only ettectual method of graduating them. To
ensure. this result, the ground should be planted
in corn, and that kept clean.
81. Time and labor devoted to the collection of
materials, to be converted into manure, are the
most fruitful sources of profit in the whole range
of farm economy.
80. The orchard, to be productive of good, fair
fruit, requires to be fed much as does field of
grain The soils of each require that the substan-
oes abstracted by the crops should be restored
The soil should be kept clean and open to the
meliorating influences of the sun, the dews, the
rain and the air.
An IMPORTANT ORDER FROM THE PRESIDENT
The president has issued order restoring all the
churches and parsonages within the bounds of the
Baltimore Annual Conference, embraced in the
State of Virginia, to the NJ. E. Church of the Uni
ted Stotos bh16 hxc oh II -