The tri-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1866-1868, 1866-07-12
German Universities.

L ~ TX
German Universities.
) We are indebted for the basis of this article
to the able letters by Prof Ahrens, CORES
! pondenf of the New York Watchman. at the
Lutheran University of Gottingen Germany
There are twenty-five of these Universities
| The oldest, that of Prague, was founded in
l34S the youngest, that of Munich 1897 -
These great institutions were all organized
and are still supported by the several oov-
ernments. There are great many COLLEGES
but these form part of the University as Of
Oxford or Cambridge. In Germany the
student must graduate in a college before be
} can enter the Universities The German
Universities are organized upon the model of
the University of Parasitic oldest institu-
ton of learning in Europe-which was fran
ed after the model of that of Alexandra.
where Euclid, Diophontus, and the Church
fathers, Clement, Origen, Athonasius and ST
Gregory wet trained for their hi Oh voca-
ton.
These Universities have four departments
or professional schools.
l. The Theological Department which
ranks first in Importance. d. D. is the hiehest
academical degree that they can confer
They require of candidates for the pulpit IN
pass successful examination on the follow.
ing: Oriental philosophy, *hermeneutics
antiquities, church and doctrine history
thomiletics, ncatechetics, iiturgies and theorv,
OF church government" owe hope we NAV
be pardoued for observing that we know
several American Doctors of Divinity who
did not pass an examination upon that chr,
rlculum.) 1t is peculiar to these Universities
that they do not require that only diyineo
shall teach theology. Edward of Gottinoen
member of the philosophical faculty, is now
lecturing on the book of Job and the writ
ings of Solomon.
II. The Philosophical Department
Ill. The Department of Law, embracing
history of the civil, criminal, and common
law.
~. The Department of Medicine. In this
last, Germany mas always been second to
France.
The Lecture is the vehicle of instruction
The student very rarely comes into personal
contact with the professors At the an
pointed time the professor appears upon the
rostrum, bows politely, delivers his lecture of
fifty minutes length and retires. The pro.
lessons do not use textbooks Each instruc
tor must furnish his own text A man can
not be teacher here who can only look over
the text as the pupil recites-he must under
stand his department thoroughly or he can
not proceed at all. The students have the
privilege of the fresh illusions of the instruc
| tor. 1t he is not attentive to these lectures.
lie can never hope to pass his examination
upon his application for adegree. A system
that allows such entire independence in its
teachers has, however. its very serious defects.
and In this popularity of their educational
system do we find partial explanation of
the origin of those innumerable theories and
wild doctrines that have emanated from these
famous schools That each professor is re-
qulred to furnish his own text explains the
fact that Germany has supplied the world
with textbooks.
Before young man can matriculate as a
student IN the University, he must have be-
come " a bachelor of artn In the prepara
tory studies, which differ little from those of
our American colleges the tutorial system is
ngldiy observed. There exist no sectarian
or other tests besides those of scholarship
for admission into a German University
Greeks and Jews" Englishmen, American
and African students may be received.
and are in actual attendance at those insti-
tutions.
The student at these Universities is en-
phatlcally an Independent man the pupilage
ana mastershlp OF the college have ceased
The dlllgent student finds here every atlvan-
tage and at small cost. He comes into daily
contact with the master minds of the times.
he has access to monster libraries and richly
furnished museums and literary societies,
with every means that he can use, and every
stlmulant that can arouse, and every drill
that can discipline the intellect To the
tlatory to utter uselessness and ruin. The
Sabbaths are spent, by the great mass of the
In excursions and free and easy re-
creations. On such occasions barrel full is
an essential accompaniment To be sus
pected of piety is to be suspected of weak
ness In the upper story.
Duelling-in the mild German FORMS
still In common practice. Bot very many of
those students are models of good conduct
and Of studious application. Most students
visit three or four Universities during the
period OF their University studies. The stvle
Is to spend the winter season at Berlin.
Leipzig. Vienna, and Munich, and the $, M
ner season at Gottingen, Bonn, or Heidelberg.
During the last year a Young man from
Georgia received the highest honers confer
ed by the University of Heidelberg, the first
American, we are informed, that has ever re-
;eived such a distinction)
Germany Is by all odds, the place of cheap
AS the professors are sataried
men, the students pay fora course of lectures
mere pittance. say five or six dollars
lodging and board are propertionably cheap
Prof Ahrens writes from Gettingen) "a
tudent who abstalns from the revelries of
he gay and voluptaous who dresses nicely
'ut not extravagantly, may spend year at
German University, and enjoy all its noted
privileges, with two hundred and fifty dol
arsn
'ERMAN UNIVERSITIES IN THE CHRONOLOGY
CAL ORDER OF THEIR FORMATION.
(A) From the fourteenth centa.rw
l; Prague, founded a. D. 134s-Roman
catholic.
2. Vienna, 1s6G-Roman Catholic and
Protestant.
8. Heidelberg, 1as6-Evangel cal.
OBJ From nte fifteenth ,.tuy.
4. Leipzig, founded 1409-Lutheran.
3. Rostock, 1419-Lutheran.
6. Greifswalde, 1456-EvangelicaL.
Z. Freiburg, 1457-Rnman Catholic.
8. Tubingen, 1477--Mixed
co. From the SIXTEENTH century.
9. Wittenberg, founded 1502-Lutheran-
10. Marburg, 1527-Evangelical.
II. Konigsberg, 1545-Evangelical-
IL. Jena, 1558-Lutheran
Is. Olmutz, 15s1-Roman Catholic.
IA. Gratz, 1591-Roman Catholic.
3D. From the Seventeenth century.
IS. Giessen. founded 16t1-Btixed
IL. Saizburg, 1623-Roman Catholic
al IL