Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-07

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twentv-three hundred fathOms. Hepro-
duced a portion Of the cable to show that
|. it was not impaired in the slightest de-
gree. The new cable had been
! altered in a slight degree only.
The old cable consisted Of bright
homogeneous iron wires covered with
/. Manila warn, saturated with preserva-
tive mixture. In the new cable the wires
were galvanized and covered only with
white Manila yarn. the preservative
mixture not being required on account
Of the wires being galvanized. Ii was
found that galvanizing the wires an
nealed them to some extent, aud there
fore they got little more elonga-
/. ton out Of them. The wires thus ac-
commodated themselves more 10 the
stretch Of the warn, and the two i'm uni
son had the effect Of giving one ton more
breaking strain The old strain was
tons Is cwt. this was tons Is cwt. or
9 tons: and therefore the new cable was
an Improvement on the last so far as
strength was concerned. The share
holders and others interested had no
doubt read the description Of the laying
OF the last cable in the Times, and pro-
baby also Mr. Russell's book. and there
fore he need not 90 into details, bat he
might say that the greatest strain they
had had on the cable in paying out was
only fourteen hundred weight. The aver
age strain was from ten to eleven hundred
weight, and the highest strain indicated
on the dynamOmOter was fourteen hum
dred weight. There was. therefore, ample
margin in the strength of the cable. In
! the recovering or picking up Of the cable,
I the greatest strain was forty-five 20 fifty
Z hundred weight. He was now alluding
I TO the instances when faults went
I overheard. The first was i'm shOai water,
/ the second was in twenty-three hundred
/ fathom-; and, in picking up the two and
half miles of cable, the greatest strain
was forty-five TO fifty hundred weight
T The third fault unfortunately lost the
cable, and therefore he could not say
anything about that. Although their
Z last expedition failed, he did not look
upon il as utterly thrown away, and he
was satisfied that the cable could he re- I
covered from the bottom of the Atlantic. I
Their failure to recover il on the last oc- F.
casion was owing 10 insufficient tackle. 4
VIEWS OF THE ELECTRICIAN.
Mr.. Varley, electrician to the com 4
psnv. then addressed the meeting. He
said Mr.. Canning and Capt Anderson I
had omitted to state that they had at
tached 20 the paying out machinery, to .
be used in the next voyage, a steam en-
gine, so that at a moments notice the
machinery could be reversed. Lastyear,
when q fault showed itself, il was neces-
sary TO transfer the cable from the pay
ing out machinery at the stern to the
picking up machinery at the bows
before the operation Of hauling back
could be commenced. It had been
ascertained by Prof Thomson that the
cable lay IN an Obiique line seventeen
miles long from the stern Of the vessel
before il touched the bottom, and was
over two hours in reaching the bottom.
Capt. Anderson had suggested the prac-
ticability Of arranging the paying-out
machinery 50 that the moment anything
wrong was indicated by the electric ap-
paratus the ship might be Immediately
stopped, without waiting for the cable to
sink 20 the bottom. That was the most /
important part Of the present expedition,
because. should a fault occur, the ship
could be stopped in four on five minutes,
when not more than half a mile Of the
cable had gone over the stern, and the
strain on it would be very much less than
ID would be il it were allowed to sink TO
the bottom and then hauled back again.
Ii was a significant fact that they had no
instance on record Of a cable that has
been properly laid falling in deep
water - all the failures had been in
shallow water, or were due 10 faults
that had existed in the cable prior
to its being laid. There was no reason to
fear, if this cable were properly laid, that
il would fail for fifty OF hundred wears, I
because the heavy shore ends would
reach into deep water of one hundred
fathoms. He went on to state the result
of the improvements made in the elee-
trical condition of submarine cables
during the last two or three years, and
then said that two years ago il would
have been extremely difficult to speak of
the prospects Of remuneration to the
shareholders in the present undertaking,
hut now they had data on which to 20.
The question Of success had been spoken
Of by Capt. Anderson, Mr.. Canning and
Mr.. Field, Therefore he would at once
pass 20 the question Of remuneration. 10
was al first proposed that only five shil-
iings a word should be charged for the
Transmission of messages 10 America. /
But at the present moment there are .
thirty-one electric wires working be-
tween Europe and Great Britain, which
were somewhere about half fuil-sav
about fifteen wires working continuously. {
What, then, would be the effect of one I
single wire connecting not only Great (
Britain and Europe, hut Africa and Asia,
with that tremendous telegraph system I ,
which had grown up In America aud
Canada? IL was perfectly clear that one
wire could in no way cope with the 1
amount of work that would pass between
the two countries, unless q high rate
were charged 10 keep down the traffic
In the first instance, the government
offered a subsidy % the Atlantic Tele-
graph Company Of eight per cent. so
long as the cable worked, and I
nothing the moment il stopped. That
subsidy was useless, because ii the cable
worked at all il would earn a vast deal
more than eight per cent The govern
ment wished to limit the price 20 ~ sd. Z
q word. The consequence would have
been 80 enormous an influx Of messages
that before the second days messages
could be transmitted to New York the !
mail packet would have arrived there.
Mr. Field-Ihat agreement is now can
,elled. There was only one legitimate 7
way in which they could limit the traffic. ]
and that was 10 augment the price. the ,
inc from san Francisco 10 New York. 2
which was a very costly line, passing =
-wiee up into perpetual snow and down
gain, charged for message OF ten words
about Ga, and had paid, ever
.inee it had been in operation, from {
ninety o COZ siderably Over one hundred
Ger cent. Ier annum on the original cost.
The Persian Gulf line, badly managed as
he feeders 10 e were, paid E95, 900 a year, :
The Malta and Alexandra line took !
100000 a year simpiY between Egypt I
md Europe. IT, then, one Atlantic cable :
.O0k no more messages than the Malta :
and Alexandria line, OF the Persian Gulf !
inc, and charged only slX times the rate
lhRTRed by those lines, theiF receipts !,
would amount 10 over halfa million. he !.
had been watching the progress Of tele- =
graphy for the last nineteen years, and !
he was certain that the demand upon Z
-heir line would be much greater tho Z
mat he dia not believe that less than Z
POS. per word would len their line free a
Tor the first twelve months and "a Ter fbe Z
nrst Twelve mouths higher rate still
"oela ue necessary in order 10 limit the J
lTaIiic sufficiently. He thought ii 000 /
W. per annUm was q very moderate esti- v
IH ~ 90 .H.H q ~ Lei