The national Republican. [volume] (Washington City [D.C.]) 1866-1870, 1866-05-24

within its jursdistiep u. sgssl protection Of the
| law. II viii BE- observed that this Il q general
prohibition upon all the States % such IRON sbridg.
Ing the privilege and immunitss Of the citizens Of
the United States That Is its frst CLAUSE, and
regard II a. . very important clause indeed. II
also prohibits each one o. the States from dsphving
process Of law or denying TO any person within the
Jurisdiction Of the States the equal protection flaw
The FIRST clause Of this section relates 10 the
privileges and immunities Of the citizens Of the
United States, as such, and as distinguished from
all other persons who not ctirsns Of the United
States II Il not perhaps, very easy to define with
accuracy what 10 meant by the expression, citizen
Of the United States although that expression 90
oura twice In the In reference TO
the President Of the United States, In which u 10
declared that none but citizen Of the United
States shall be President Of the United States and
secondly In references TO Senators, who likewise
required 10 be citizens Of the United States. Un-
donbtediy, the expression 10 used In both these
cases In the Constitution In the same sense In which
II 10 implied in the amendment now before the Sen.
ate A oitiren Of the United States 10. 1 believe,
held to 10 person who was born within the limits
| OF the United States and subject 10 their laws
the adoption Of the Constitution. The citizens Of
each State were In qualified sense at least slisns
| to one smother, for the reason that the several
| States before that time were regarded, by each
other at least, as independent governments, each
one possessing sovereign power, at least sum
/ ~
right Of naturalization, and undoubtedly each
Of them possessed for itself the right and power Of
naturaising foreigner. and each Of them; also.
that had seen AZ to exercise that branch Of
| eign power might have declared the NcitiIens Of
every other State TO DO alien in reference to It's
own citizens. With view to prevent such oonfu-
sion and disordsr--witha view TO put the oitiEens
ofthe several States upon an equality one with an.
other In reference to certain fundamental rights,
q clause was introduced into the Constitution de-
elarng that the otisens Of each State shall be
titled 10 all the privileges aad immunities Of the
citizens In the several States.
| The great object Of the nrst section Of this
| amendment 10 10 restrain the power Of tho States
and TO compel them at all times 10 respect the great
fundamental guarantees which have enumerated.
| How will II be done under the present amendment
As have already remarked, they are not powers
granted BY Congress; and therefore II 10 necessary.
ought to be enforced II Is necessary that additional
powers DO given TO Congress to sec to II that they
are enforced. Now. 10 that done BY the amendment
proposedf II Is done by the fifth section, which
declares that Congress shall have power to enforce
BY appropriate legislation, the provisions Of this
article. There IL direct and Affirmative deolara-
tion Of power TO Congress TO carry out and enforce
these provisions--al these guarantees which have
mentioned-a power which does not now exist In
| the Constitution Of the United States The hrst
section Of this amendment, while enforcing these
rights does not confer the right TO vote, The right
Of suffrage Is not In law Of the privileges and
immunities thus secured BY the Constitution II
has always been regarded In this country as the re-
suit Of positive local law II has not been regarded
as q fundamental right without which people could
not exist without being slaves.
The second. section was then discussed BY Mr.. II.
II his own preferences could have been carried out,
be would have been In favor Of giving suffrage TO
the colored race to some extent at least. But IL
was not question what he or half dozen others
here would do, but II was what measure could be
passed BY three fourths Of the Legislatures Of the
States what was likely to meet their appreciation.
This being the case, he was In favor Of this propo-
stion he felt convinced that at no distant day the
States whore the negroes are denser would them
selves extend suffrage to that race. He was op.
posed to the clause relating to the dsranchisement
rebel. as he did mot believe IL would lead to any
good. Tho rebels could yet vote for members Of the
State Legislatures rnd elect members Of the electo
raj college. He would prefer clause prohibiting
all Of them from holding State or municipal otoss
The fourth section was then discussed by Mr.. II.
Mr.. Wade offered, as a substitute for the Joint
resolution, the amendment offered by him last
| Thursday.
Amendments were severally offered by Messrs.
Clark, Buekalew, and wilson, which were ordered
to be printed.
On motion Of Mr.. Grimes, the Senate thon went
into executive session. and after short time spent
therein, adjourned.
poUsp OF RRpREsRNrATIyEs
mi, 49, ."Na -, -',...,
Tue mouse was engaged aiwoss eae'uSNsy IN
| - i IA A.
portant change maze 70 was tne suos'tuuon OF
the present provision ioi the income .ax instead Of
'nat roportea an .ae ph, oncoP' 'nAs 'no nrS' h'
OF sow Is extended 10 sl,ooV A.. n..,.
Joint resolution, authonhng tne ro"master
GENERAL 70 pay ADDITIONAL salsry 70 htssr oarIiers
IN can francisco, was rePoI.ea oy p %r m@ "a
oalioiha, from .ne oommee On fo'' o"'e'' a"u
was vt READ tnree tmes ana Pause' o,r.s,.
tne house on mo',op oI mi' s. y. i ~ ~
non-eone S, IN nne oSn ~ ~. ,hiI. iS ~
mouse on, LOT 'nS usposAa " wy Pu. "
homestssa hctuai setusmen' IN sne es p, D, ~. hs
pams' mPPb Eoussns, .aIu,sS .e
ana o, oO@%'.ee OF Sonle'sn ICs' Gon
sH,ing o' mossIs' yunan Vi wv VI a'ne'
ana o'ossp s ~ o. rshhs'Sn'A' managers on
inc Pait ?, .ne houss' NJ p..., ~ u,,,o,.
, ies'' S one.su y III. no:s' =, p.in,I W."
aaoPtea aireetng 'ne oommee on rLhs 70
inquire INTO the e.Pea,eney Vi SAsins P,,S.su 'o'
ds. .,,, an si aSsh y, 0Vp' -.
reutursl report Isn ior ioof, equAi " 'no numo''
printed ior 1903 AZ, y,-, -. All,
n resolution one'eu ~ MT 'rsom, y. m,n az.
,o.a wa adoptsd Giiecung tne eeeisy o' tne
Interior 70 examine in'o ana INFORM 'ne hGuse now Nv
mueh money mas oeen nereto'os approPtla'ea ioI
ne ereeuon Of sehoetnoasss saa tne m'en a,nS
Y