Cleveland daily leader. [volume] ([Cleveland, Ohio]) 1865-1873, 1866-03-19
FROM COLUMBUS.
Report of the Commissioner Of Statis-
ties
Cnnr,tnrs- March 1s, 1866.

message from the Governor. 1t has not
vet been printed, and 1 am indebted to the
courtesy of Hon. P. Hitchcock, Speaker
pro TEN. for the privilege of looking over
the manuscript pages.
CLMAToLoGY-Is the first subject treat
ed of in the report.
The following results of observations in
1866, at two extreme points of the State,
are given;
Cincinnati-Mean temperature 55.o6
degrees; average barometer, 1928; fall
of water, 1851 inches.
Kelley's Island-Average temperature,
5I.45 degrees; average barometer, 29.35;
fall Of water, 34-O4 inches.
Mean of the State-Average tempera-
ture $3.50; average barometer, 1928;
fall of water, 1903 inches.
The average temperature was a little
higher at Cincinnati in 1865 than the
average for sixteen years past, and the
fall of water a little less han for the same
time.
HoRrIcuLTURE-Next comes under
consideration in the Report. The migra-
ton of plants, and the progress of hybrid
izing, are treated of. The changes of
climate in April, May and June are the
chief causes that affect the production of
| fruit but what the Commissioner denomi-
mates ice-storms in winter, and late frosts,
are also material agents in determining
the production of fruits. The readers of
| the report, in the north part of the State
especially, will be interested in the obs r
vations relating to the production of
grapes, etc. but no extended quotations
can be given in this article.
The GENERAL CONDITION OF AGRI-
| CULTURE, is the next subject and fills a
large and important part Of the Report.
A great variety of statistics is given.
Taking all crops as an aggregate whole
the wear 1885 did not materially differ
from the general average. Corn, oats
and hay were above the average wheat
greatly below; potatoes not good; most
kinds Of fruit q failure.
There was a great falling of in the Quilt
waited land of Ohio, from 1882 to 1854
estimated by the commissioners, from
c'ose calculation, at more than one hun
dred thousand acres. This Is attributed
to the scarcity of labor, in consequence Of
the drain of so many laborers for the war.
But the extra machinery introduced in a
measure compensated for the loss, which
machinery, the report supposes, did the
work of fifty thousand men besides the
labor of women was introduced toa con-
siderable extent. But the report anti ci-
pates a great revival of prosperity from
the return from the war Of a hundred
thousand men,
MINING AND MANUFAoTUREs-Are
next treated of in the report. In 1854,
there were mined 40, 527 29l bushels OF
coal and there were manufactured 3d.
536 tons of pig iron. Il is estimated, al
so, in the absence of official returns, that
2. 500, 900 bushels Of salt were produced in
Ohio. In 1884, 5000 men were engaged
in coal mining, and the product amounted
in value to six millions of dollars.
The increase in value Of manufactures
in Ohio in ten years-from 1880 to 1860
was 9s per cent, the aggregate value
the latter year being $l62,S67, 200. Over
100, 900 men and women were employed
in manufacturing and mechanical bust
ness; and it is probable that 100000 are
at this time employed in commerce, trade
manufactures and the mechanic arts.
RAILROADS. special Report on Rail-
roads is given. There are in Ohio 80 Rail
road companies, operating $500 miles OF
roads in Ohio, connected with 1890 miles
out of the State. There is an increase Of
357 miles in the State, since 1858. The
/, capital stock in railroads in Ohio amounts
to ST7,694,737 paid up: and the debts
chargable en- the same amount to $685. $751;
6s6-showing the cost of the roads to have
been Sl36, 626,423. The earnings amount
T to $40, l67,435: the expenses to $685. l6,
SOB, being 60 per cent. of the earnings
The profits, OF net earnings, are thereforc
SIG, 54s, 926, or 40 per cent. of the gros!
earnings, and Il per cent. on the actua
cost of the road. OF course this is the az.
gregate-ditferent roads vary greatly il
the per eentage of profit and loss.
About 9,400, 900 passengers are carried
annually on the railroads of Ohio, O.
t whom about l,sl3,OO0 are through pas
f sengers. There are l,O46 locomotives il
use, averaging one to every . miles
There are 600 passenger and IA, 500freighr
ears in use, equal to l passenger car anc
Is freight cars to every 5 miles.
These estimates are mostly from oficia
sources, but to a small extent are est
mates.
LOCAL STATIsTIcs-In a great variety
of forms, and embracing a great varie'!
of topics, fill a large part of the report
There were %, 1873 marriages in Ohio il
1865; the number being larger than il
any year of the war, but less than in SOM
years before the war. The average nun
Der far the last seven years was 2l,42,
: per year. In 1860, they were 23,l06; il
1868, but 1890.
The astonishing statement is given tina
the divorces in Ohio are s37 per year
equal 20 one to every 1900 persons, anC
one divorce to &c marriages. Adultery
absence, and cruelty and neglect are tn
principal causes of divorce, in the orde'
named.
. The whole number of indictments 70
crime in 1865, was 2,slli of convictions
l,O25. The average number Of indict
. meats the last five years is 500 or 900 les
, per year than in the four preceding years
There were 5l4 violent deaths in 1865
of which 81 were homicides 81 suicides
and 35s caused by casualties Of variou
kinds.
There were 1871 civil suits instituted
in 1865; and the number of Judgment
were s,173. There has been q great fall
ing off in these items since the beginning
5 of the war.
There were 6,3e7 new structures reare,
, in 1864 Of which 1850 were houses, 1,l5i
barns, rs mills, 3ll factories boundaries
furnaces and shops.
: TEere are 4,46S paupers in the infrm
aries of Ohio, supported at an averag'
st of $50 each, and an aggregate cost o
$3.50, SIS.
There are 1872 distilleries in the stat
with a capacity for making $4,000, 0Ot
gallons of whisky per year; but the Com
missioner susposes less than one-ffth O
that amount is produced.
There were 2,Ss5 persons naturalized
in 1865, of whom 446 were from England
Scotland and Wales, 5l9 from Ireland
1876 from Germany, and 229 from other
countries. There ll,233 nsturalized il
/, 1851, and but 2,364 in 1852. The average
!, for the last S years was 6,044 per year.
Emigratiens from Germany are greater
, than from all other countries.
0ne-half the report is composed of sta
t%istical tables, full of interesting and i'm.
portant information, which, however
cappot ba mada auailab1a for q nausnaDa,