, 1866-01-20


ed " IN The tauc manner A. II ~ u prsen. unse
sTcted between 1li5:o1t and MaarAchusettR, VIZ.
that No tax shall Be levied upon Illinois which Goea
benefit Of the Federal Trcasury."
As plainly as It can bc dressed out In words,
tho principle coniended for Is defined. We
arr for taxing values In this country, and for
elcn values entering our ports, for revenue to
Aerr she inycrnutnt In motion and pay OF
the uAlla.al .tsht As n}l other nations sup
- r:eet II them. ut least, arc as expensive as
vss e~r, .heca can never be An Inequality, in
&sh ryerxxt, hekueen thi. and any Other coun-
ssJ- 1sade+ IN the condition OF things de-
srstceI np21I h 81 unrestricted" II only
etSIc:ee rEsrsctstf WHEN frctectiouEt fallacaes
rteyssa ~ u .he lut<ens tariff. by which
E@de y nss%t csSxsssasy aEtrles cf- manu-
lc7,ee4 ~ Ses England md PennsylvanIA
to tax gssas 1e:tic4ens q tha Government
saL cExn scteery ct ree people, The duties
90 k,rxsea iecr ~ u, enormously high that
see ttmesrE Essc.sctuzes Is eettiny four
EraHs tn I'm iecc, a2t s.Al + eeyund the
-.scn ci ecmExtt.tta. Ee-e !. sl1 Is in nut
.helt: TrsLs. b TsstTxtnS when {keeplny to
The Gttas.-=z.5.c, rke 1cttes do nos admit Of
TIE mPCrt1.icc ct l:ec, Aad the Government
receives 10 sxstenx1e<, md tie consumers Of
.ahB 1:<1:!e FnI h.oco:y 10 Pennxylrapi. Of
SetA G.:z- Or less, &C every tou Manufactured.
Srca + TIE ea-e to-day. Trade Is "USHE
zEH.ey1o weE tie srte1 Of Peuoselran1a
7ef77tts,c Cnde- jukt tariff for revenue, the
Gossr1E<=s deriving Il -shAre Of. bsnefts,
acd tie domestic nsanueac-urer and the
people brought nearer together on P1sne Of
peo1im1te equality :"Unrestricted inter
courze" means I just Administration, sound
rational credit, fair profits upon domestic
manu,actures, equal taxation, aud the costs
Of living reduced ono half Certainly there
is nothing heterodox in tlis: and yet 1t was
To realize these happy conditions Of a we'll
ordered State-distIibuttn@ the burdens md
brnetlts q the Government equally
wa Organized. Thc .udacity of the manu-
LECTURERS, as evidenced in the Ssnatn the 9TH
er day ty Mr. eprague, asking for a further
increase Of duties, will convince those who
doulted before, TINT the enemies Of class leg
islation did not take this first step single
day too soon.
bnt" qnibbling docs not cease
here, He nns'Ters, to my former assertion,
that protective tariffs impose . tax on thirty
millions Of people to enrich one or two thous-
and manufacturers that there arc instead Of
this latter class, one hundred and forty ysix
bis figures, his casefs scarcely bcttcrtd. iof 1t
will puzzle eyen "Protection'' to say by exact
" bow much {the same principle being involy-
cd) the Hickedncss Of this policy Is mftfgnted,
by bis showing that the number Of those who
profit by 1t Is somewhat larger than was stat
I'd BY me. But be is wrong In bis figures. The
struggle Is between the great manufacturers
ware, etc, and Ghe anal nonuf fd7arfrs and
tie pecr1e. Step into The Rrst machine shop
or stove establishment yoa come 10 In q walk
through any city OF village, and you will hear
one and the sh1ne story. ''lron,", 50
they all say, 'ls 50 dear that We cannot
produce our wares at . profit, except At
prices above what our customers arc willing
or shlc TO pay" And If this class Of manu-
tncturers. those who do not share In the
profits Of. but suffer from, mouopoiics, are
thus crippled by high tariffs, It follows that
The latorer Is Injured too. 1fthc employer is
compelled to give three or four prices for his
stock, be must screw down tho wages Of his
help, or hold them to excessive hours Of toll,
or discontinue his business. This, therefore,
! Is the peoples own fight. It iB an equally
glaring mistake that the operatives Ii the
largest factories arc interested with their en-
| p1oyees IN protecting dutics.
The operatives must live, and OF course
must work; and they are paid wages barely
sufficient TO keep body and soul together, aud
| thie, no matter whether the duties on foreign
Eoods are high or low 1t is not In thenature
Of things that the operatives can ever be I'd.
yautaged By the sway Of protective princ1'
pics. II the5 do gain q trifc IN wages, they
}
| timing their families. During the last four
years, a period Of unprecedented prosperity
10 the manufacturers, there has been
| no visible improvement in the con-
dition OF the operative class. The
aspect Of the manufacturing cities itself tells
this tale,-for while the houses Of the 'cm-
ployers have become more and more maSnla-
grown more and more contracted and dismal.
II is q link In our argument, like that which
holds society together, that nobody but those
who own mopopolies are benefited by them.
In any case, md anywhere, class legislation
{nnd all protective tarifs are OF that ordcr.)
only tends to make the rich immensely richer
and the poor deplorably poorer
thought before read tbc letter Of "Pro-
lection" now under consideration, that your
intelligent correspondent ~. II. l." had an
swercd with sufficient force and clcarncss the
witicss assertion that reduction OF tariff du.
~. Il. La" facts in your impression Of Thurs
day last, ought to have settled this point de-
cislrely. Long credits and over speculation
caused the strinEency In this city, and every
where over the Northwest In 1878
and excessive debt, and fraudulent bank
failures, in other parts Of TIC country,
caused the universal staSnation and distress
OF that time You do not look to tho thoru
for grapes; and Jou have no right to look te
d slightly modified tAriIE-rnodidcd some Tint
in the last decnde-tor IN explanation Of TIT
| financiul distress Of fH5s-8- 1had always sup
| posed that the confusion into which ali kind.
Of business was thrown, here md elsewhere
OF State securities, IN consequence Of the 70
bellion, ac1ing upon the currency and taking
from 1t one third or unc.halfits value.
The days pf "stumptail" " nre not forgot
len thosc, and The days of 857- 8 were cloud
cd by similar disaster; and there was n
I - 1x,$,r 41nn-, nd Nr4$