The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-04-27

Of the advent Of the cholera IN 1854
You will recolect that 1854 was the year great i'm
migration the number of vessels arriving in the month Of
May alone being four hundred and twenty four The first
cases OF cholera were found on the North American,
which arrived on the 18th OF May having left Liverpool,
where the cholera then prevailed the 18th OF April
There had been sickness until the vessel had been
more than two weeks at sea- While crossing the Banks
cholera made its appearance The ship detained,
and the passengers ali landed their baggage clothing
thoroughly ccansed and dsinfected aud al.
lowed TO leave until no new cases had appeared for two
days They were detained about week.
On the 18th the Progress arrived having left Liverpool
with seven hundred immigrants. Thirty nine died on
the passage and eighty taken from the vessel
and new were hourly occurring The well passen-
gers from this vessel well as from the Empire
placed in the grounds around what then called the
Hill hospital and the sick with that disease placed in
that building being about twelve fifteen rods south Of
the shanty buildings IN which were placed the cases OF
typhoid fever most Of whom were at the time conva-
lescent
About the same time the ships Charles Hill, the Ply
mouth, the Robert Parker, the G. ]. Paten and some
Others arrived from Havre all having large number OF
cases OF smallpox OF very malignant <ype. These
all placed in the Smallpox Hospital situated the
northwestern angle Of the Quarantine grounds least
eighty rods from the hospital and grounds where the
The and their effects from these vessels were
subjected to very thorough process Of cleansing and
dsinfectng and allowed leave for the city No OF
cholera subsequently traced to them but the conva
ascent PATIENTS in the shanty buildings who
ering from typhoid fever began TO die Of cholera and in
less than week five per cent Of the patients
IN the Smallpox Hospital died Of cholera
Dr. Marsden reports the following remarkable OF
the communication Of cholera
John Wilson, the celebrated vocal st. died Of Asatic
cholera on the 9th Of July ls4e in St Georges Hotel
patient desired Mr. Russell the proprietor to destroy
The body clothing that about him when he died.
sretons which order regards his clothing, acted
upon. then superintended the disinfccting or the
Dsspy so and Of ne Wss not sd" but
removed TO the roof OF the hotel in Palace street
talso kept by ar. Russell. contrary TO his
manned for weeks exposed 20 ali weather. until the
unfortunate who removed It therc-one Barholo-
NEW Beers kind OF jobbing upholsterer living in st.
Stansaus straet-tod Mr. Russell what he had done and
asked to be permitted 70 tear out the hair and wash IL
comply with his request Bieers said he was not afraid OF
cholera. and If Mr.. Russell would pefmit him he would
take home and clean and disinfect 1t for himself Al
though ordered ~ destroy IL he nevertheless took
u home TO his lodgings, No 10 81 Stanlslans street. and
commenced tearing out the hair. Before he had done
than onc-haf he attacked with cholera died Ia
. few hours, and buried the same day; when his
widow twho is living, caused ii to be destroyed
CHOLERA FiELDs-wHERE CHOLERA PREVAILS.
In learned report upon cholera by the Royal College
OF Physicians published in 1854 is stated the
cult OF digent researches into The history Of the last
ed that thc power Of the disease through town is in
creased In proportion 10 the degree in which the cond
tons o: nsalubty are present IN various parts OF not
merely the poor, who live in spots where moisture and
foul feed the disease, but all the inhabitants
posed by the existence Of these evils TO greater risk Of
becom its victims And further Il Is certain that the
more intensely the epidemic preuals in large town the
does the whole district for miles around suffer and
the more danger there OF beng propagated other
regions BY improving the drainage OF low
parts OF a town, opening close courts,
keeping even the smallest streets constantly free from
pools other OF impurty In the air aud soil
by improving the dwellings OF the poor in respect To
ventilation, by promoting the general substitution OF
good water closets for open prvies intoxicating clcany
habits among the poor and afording that most import
requisite abundant and constant supply OF good
water by means Of which they may attain cleanliness;
by adopting these measures cannot be doubted that
abe public authorities would not only lessen the ravages
of the disease among the people dwelling 10 the locsi
ties thus improved bat also greatly weaken the force OF
the epidemic far wider space. All these things
should be done before the pcsence comes and In the
time OF presence II would be further wise TO enforce
cleanliness and ventilation, Ia the interior OF houses
by a house 10 house inspection.
In This ety. the cholera always appeared and
expended principal force In neghborisoods that
the centre Of th and degradation in every form. The
first epidemic Of cholera In the city OF New York made
Its APPEARANCE in the vicinity OF Roosevelt and Cherry
strects and nearly AT the same time appeared In
Reade Washington and Duane streets The Five Points
and the whole region Of the Sixth ward visited
by the epidemic with fearful virIience Rotson row.
in Ianrens between Grand and Broome street,, beam
another deadly centre OF the malady Tie vlcnity Of
Corca hook including portions OF the present se cnth
and Thirteenth wards, and another dl.uet including
teenh wards constituted another great centre for the
deadly sweep OF the cholera In all these places the
local and removable conditions OF general insalubriy
were abundant.
In tho cholera epidemic OF 1s4o IL commenced its
ravages grand centre OF corruption and gross
brty in Baxter street, and quickly extended 10 the
croxdcd Sums OF the first Fourth Fifth Thirteenth
wards Dr. William p Buell., the physician Of the brst
organized cholera hospital, thus describes the locality
and the hrst victims Of the disease:-
No 20 Orange tnow Baxter, lies thirty or forty
wards in southeasterly direction from the Five Points.
The entrance the lot " gained by an opening
scarcely feet wide or more than six feet In height
pierced through the front house Passing through this
dtancs OF forty You reach the lot two old and
ruinUus tencmentsoue pr0longaion backwards OF the
front house and the other standing across u nj rght
angles: the adjoining extension backwards in
abe thus cutting ~ almost completely the
admission OF fresh air The small area that Is unbnlt
upon IA covered with black pools Of nlthy water The
apartment where the FIRST occurred u basement or
cellar in Of these buildings
Al my hrst visit, on the 10th OF May I've
human bein.s-one and four woincn-
lay upon the Eocr in different stages Of cholera There
wa, nothing under them bat mud lth aud nothing
over them bus fcw or The iithIst description
Civza,on and great Guy could scarcely an9Fa par
OF Nav two women were brought 10 the hospital from
the Old Brewery For fourteen days the dsease was
confined this nby locality Next the disease appear
ed low aud nithy quarter In stanton street and The
Eleventh ward Next In the region west OF tho City
Hospital, where typhus and smallpox have swept %
fatally the past twelve mOnths The epidemic had thus
rained heaaway and become fully established ts march
~as rapid aud deadly Az 70 ocazlng causes there
but one opinion W ee expressed Ihe epidemic own.
and fingered longest and most fatally 10 The very
regons where iyphus smallpox, scaTlAina and other
pfrvoEaDe diseases then prevailed aud do nov most
me epdcm has earliest and II by special election
or prcdisposon afflicted the persons and classes who
dwell in foul arr and most negligent and rcck
Hess IN their Diet who indulge and abuses Of
the appellee and who generally are most subject 70 the
ssass thai arise from bad diet and the neglect OF self
CHOLERA FACTORS.
u has been remarked by an able observer Of the epi
denies in Europe for cholera 70 be drnsed over the
earth n rnust have three factors for lie cultivation
40 A centre Of pollution for its cradle
q A ship for It's transport
"a number Of towns properly prepared for lis re-
In other words choiera originates and gathers head.
way In foul pacee follows In the pathway Of
chiefly by sdcs-and seeks the Alshy puriieus d
caics and towns
ZEE HRALrH conMas1or.
Prom the osntaGious character Of cholerA muss Tot
that shs dsass cnn b. keps out Il Ne % b proper
quarantine ana fsn Ne fnes has M sn1 - ~ A.
psv nisaEy sovsnncns e be city vm nire.1e ~ fuy
ssd dsyvivs u q ~ pscshs Asusn svo hbsos
kss.a 4 S~'a , asvvsp ptwrua6 y sss.s