New-York tribune., 1866-04-30


discuss the question Of the national debt and the duty
! Of Congress 10 protect It's sacredness, and at the
same tme 70 distribute tie burdens OF taxation as
20 aid the development OF the resources Of the coln
ty the encouragement OF its labor and the improvement
Of the condition Of the people. lie alluded 10 The ohects
oforcgn interests 10 prevent leeisauon iof he promo
ton Of these purposes; and in this connection read and
replied to recent circular, sent ont by Ne"-1ok agents
OF tie foreign iron trade He enlarged upon the peHoh3
II the protective policy 10 al branches OF business and 70
the Government itself showing that the revenues Of the
Government have never been favorable as under the
protective SYSTEM and thatn every free trade pc0d inc
whole country languishcd IN all us interests. lie us
cnssed in detail the questions Of steel, glass aud wool
manufactures and the effects az past tas upon edCn
showing their valre 10 the country and enforcing the
duty raising the tariff upon them as 10 secure ade
quae development for them, and the commercial supnm
aey Of the nation. lie maintained that the free ttade cX
produce the fuits expected Of H. and that the rate Of pro-
gess IN Bdt,h industry, and foreign trade IN the years
since hc policy If protection was abandoned ad MOI eX
ceedod but had Ia tallCn behind the rate 81 progress
of any equal period of previous 10 the change c
held that result of the Golden treaty wth Franco had
been 10 nnsetle the strength Of the English manuiacur
eTs certain branches in Which England had thought her,
self secure, French protection operating 70 create rivalry
thought 10 be mVoslc. Discussing The return 70 specie
laymcnt be took the ground that by increasing the rate Of
duties 10 make the relative position Of American and
foreign manufacture The same as IN 1901, when the Nor
RI Tariff Was thought excessive, importation would be
restrained the balance of trade thrown In favor Of TINS
county, and coin KEEP, at home 10 become the circulating
medium. lt would BE- much easier and word less ylo-
cnty disturb business thus to rssme specie payments on
tract the currency TO haf its present volume ana GLOW
the present of foreign importaons, $200O0OO per
week continue. He elogizod the Morrill, iGrI as des-
tined TO be known IN history the great agency which
enabled the cOntry to pass through the and 20 grow
in material prosperity and declared that all that the man
uiactuTers If the country asked was TO he placed where
that act put them when IL passed IN otl Since then
excise had lccn heavily imposed and the wages oi
labor had largely increased the tariff should be increased
extent equal 10 those points of difference The con-
duon Of the country woud then al once improve ana no
would feel the blow except the foreigner who hated
the country and his agent here who was undermining ITS
prosperity lie closed ny an appeal on bchalf OF amor
from which the country had its strength, and in which
is hope. As labor sinks, the nation snksi rs labor
rses the nation rises in all the elements Of greatness and
power. Congress should be just he said 20 these willing
giants who supported the fabric OF Freedom and the jewel
OF liberty would then remain with the country forever
Mr. FIYcE ad esscd the house on the question 81 Re-
c0nstLcuon lie lssted that t0ngess eolu exercise DO
powers lot delegated to il under the Consi tuition, except
such were necessary To carry ont expires grants. Iual
however. did not enlarge the delegated powers lie qolel
the writings oi 2dson 10 prove That the Government
mcd under the Constitution federal on as contra
distinguished iIom national At the seine time, be
denounced Secession and NuliGcaon as hergses. But
q uangcr to the country to-day came from different d.
ton' il lay IN the strong and Tci-oreau1'd a,ismp.
. stroy the ghis of the States, and to establish ON
tcr ruins powerful centralized stem' laf' oi W.
Gttcmp cl reyolnt the denial 10 II Shies a. ne
Union of their night Of representation lie fcafard NC
tvIi X ct act o. unwaTanted by the toheullnL ana
an invasion of the just nights OF tie Saes II ther
was ANYTHING which the people would never SURRENDER
without IA struggle worthy of al the defenders Of free
government IL was tie cherished right of each state 10
regulate and control 10 own domestic affairs, mchal-
legged and uncontrocd by any power except me 'onU-
q ion of the United States. The doctrines oi tie Gi'I-
rIishod who uow controlled Congress weTeincompai-
bic with The American system OF government, ana ther
organization cOrld Only survive by changing TIE Gov
cumcnt 80 as 10 make IL conform 10 their own mdifil
- W. lie warned ho American peoplc that although the
Rebellion bad been suppressed, drgers the most hrea'.
e ny still remained Tie tivI hghis bi lnloF
..o-N than the mere questions enumerated IN IL u u
ol the right OF the Gercral Government TO d clare the
ia~s lrs e.. mo States which exclude negroes
from voting ana boGass onec, hesai. aaa e -. bon
asidr nnd punish the state authorities or oxetuns htn
ifCrNss could reg llto Tie ci. rights of the people of
The states IL could by the exercise Of tie same power
regulate and control their lolicI Hfhis. u A4d Us
much power u the ~ the other, and that
ust none al. lie thanked the President for his noble
aud ratroc defense Of tho Constitutions and the rights
of he Satef nnd snid that he 6rs would always be
found supporting the General GOycmmcBt, IN a lis con-
mOlal poWes, bug be would. with the same zeal, sup
lor the just TIts # he States. He was not an enemy
of 'he eoord race bt Was opposed to eonring on INC
negro the rlt # sui age ulth0ush De would be grained
cooTod people Of he several States II was curious To
lind the WHO, some years ago, were tie strongest
advocates of the rights of the states, now supporting
measure. which subycTed those very rights. ~ this con-
ueciion he quoted from tie speeches o Senators Wilson
and Wade made In the Senate lsJ and from the resou-
ions adopted at Republican meeting IN Cleveland, ONO,
in 1852 asserting extreme States Rights doctrines lie
denounced the attempt 10 ocntaze power lh congress as
revolutionary, insisting that all the States were IN tho
Union aud were clearly entitled 20 rcpIeeniation IN Con
gross. 10 deny them such power was an atle at 1ls-
uuou The majority in Congress might now do what
they pleased but power higher and stronger han heiIs
would override them. The people LOVING ce government
md chcrshng the Union, would demaud III voice not
10 be- misunderstood q return 10 the requirements OF the
Constitution. They would III IN Judgment on these great
questions, and would send representative who would
respect the rights Of the States seek 10 heal and not de-
Ioy abor unite and not Ia separate, ana pursue that
true and generous policy which found bnt little favor with
this Congress but which was To welcome into the halls o
Congress Representatives from all the States who would
DE devoted 10 the Constitution and determined to MAINTAIN
the Union
While Mr. FINcK was speaking, several hundred little
orphan grs the inmates Of Of the Catholic Orphan
Asyums here entered the galleries, and took seats Tor
few minutes.
and obtained unanimous consent TO their being admitted
10 the oor but the Nuns who had them IN charge resisted
all the seductive influence brought 20 bear upon them by
the member from Illinois (WESlwoRTHl, aud The children,
therefore, did not have an opportunity OF enjoying the
privileges Of the hoOr
MI BAgKs then addressed the House in behalf of the
New England capitalists who had been somewhat severely
reflected upon the other day by Mr. Wentworth in the de-
bate the Northern Pacific Railroad bill. He Banks
did doubt that the capitalists Of New-England were
largely interested in the financial results OF the enterprise IN
which they engaged, but it strictly true historically
true that no enterprise had ever been undertaken by the
people Of Massachusetts, since the foundation OF the Gov
eminent that had not in view above and beyond per-
sonal advantages ths welfare OF the G9yernment. Al
though might DO conceded that they had been very for
tunato in all their enterprises and had acquired wealth,
that acquisition Was honorable nself because strength.
ened the oyernmen The character OF the engaged
in the enterprise that had been under discussion be-
yond any question either here or elsewhee Those who
were engaged in such enterprises in the present day repre-
sencd the class of who had been engaged IN all the
great enterprises OF the country They had character
which peculiar TO themselves, coexcnsiyo with the
great enterprises OF the world aud that would last ds long
a. the Government should exist. He did not wish To enter
the merits Of the question that was az issue yoser
but he wished To say that the gentlemen from The City ot
Boston, who connected with that enterprise, were
among the most honorable, the most Influential and the
most public spirited, well az tho most wealthy men in
tie country aud any persons were engaged IN measures
tending 10 deudc the people swndc the Government
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