The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-10-04
STATE OF THE COUNTRY
--~~---~~~~O~~~o~ooo~~~~~~~>~-
GREAT SPEECH OF
SENATOR SUMMER,
Delivered at Boston, Mass, October I'd.
-~~--~-~--~~-~-~~,~----~---~~>
SCATHIKG REVIEW OF my POLICY"
-~~O-~>,nnN~c~no~>>rn~D>N~~,.~~~-
The President a Usurper.
s~-~~~>~~~>~,>oooo~r~~n~-p~vv~
THE ONLY TRUE PLAN or
RECONSTRUCTION.
----~---~o-Y-->~.~~>YS~~o~~~~O
A Lesson from History.
~~~-~~~->~--~~-~~~~~~o,~~>o>o>~~~
SOUTHERN STATE GOVERNMENTS
NOT REPUBLICAN IN FORM.
~c~o~,~o>~-~~~~~~~~~~~-~~-~~~
Universal Suffrage Demanded.
.>e>>~->~-~~Y>o~>~o~NNo1~NolN~~>~J
"THE oNE-MAN POWER YER
SUS CONGRESS-"
SOUTHERN STATE GOVERNMENTS
NOT REPUBLICAN IN FORM.
Universal Suffrage Demanded.
"THE ONE-MAN POWER YER
SUS CONGRESS"
ETC., ETC., ETC., Etc, Etc, Etc.
Etc.

Boston, October 2.-There was a large audi
ence assembled in the Music Hall in this city
this evening, TO listen to lecture upon "The
One-Man Power VS.. Congress-" by Hon. Charles
Sumner. The speech was prepared some weeks
since for delivery at the Republican State Con-
vention; but on that occasion Mr.. Sumner failed
10 appear, and ne has since worked it over in
the form of a lecture. After being introduced
to the audience, he spoke as foliows:-
Speech of Mr.. Sumner.
Mr.. Presidential is now more than year
since | had the honor of addressing my fellow
citizens of Massachusetts. On that occasion
dwelt on what seemed to be the proper policy
towards the States recently in rebellion, insisting
that it was our duty, while renouncmg in
demnity Tor the past, 20 Obtain at least security
tor the future; and this security, | maintained,
could be found only IN the exclusion of eX-
Rebels from political power, and In irreversible
guaratees especial applicable to the national
freedman. During the intervening months
the country has been agitated by this question,
which was perpeXed by an unexpected differ
ence between the President and Congress. The
President insists upon installing ex-Rebels in
political power, and sets at naught the claim
of guarantees and the idea of security for the
| future, while he denies to Congress any control
over this question, and takes 1t all TO himself.
| Congress has asserted its control, and has en-
deaVored to shut out eX-Rebels from political
power and to establish guarantees, to the end
| that there might be security tor the future.
| Meanwhile, the States recently in rebellion,
| with the exception of Tennessee, are without
representation in Congress. Thus stands the
case.
THE TWO PARTIES IN THE CONTROVERSY.
The two parties in the controversy are the
President on the one side, and the people of the
United States in Congress assembled on the other
side; the first representing the Executive, the
second representing the Legislative. 1t is the
One-Man Power VS.. Congress. OF course, each
OF these performs its part in the Government;
but, until now, it has always been supposed that
the Legislative gave the law to the Executive,
and not that the Executive cave the law TO the
Legislative. Perhaps this irrational assumption
becomes more astonishing when ii is considered
that the actual President, besides being the
creature OF an accident, is inferior in ability and
character, while the House OF Representatives
| is eminent in both respects. President, who
| has already sunk below any other President,
even Buchanan, madlY undertakes to give the
law TO a House of Representatives which, there
reason to believe is the best that has sat since
| the formation of the Constitution. Thus, in
looking at the parties, We are tempted to eX-
clam:-Such President debating to such
Congress 1t was said of Gustavus Adolphus
| that he had drilled the Diet of Sweden to vote
| or be silent at the word of command; but
Andrew johnson Is not Gustavus Adolphus, and
| the American Congress is not the Diet OF Sweden.
IRREvERsIBLE GUARANTEES MUST BE HAD.
The question at issue is ole of the vastest ever
presented Tor practical decision, involving the
name and veal of this republic at home and
abroad. 1t is not military question; it is
|
counsel what was won by war. Failure now
| will make the war itself failure; surrender
now will undo all our victories. Let the Presi-
| dent prevail, and straightway the plghted faith
| OF the republic will be broken; the national
creditor and the national freedman will be sacri-
feed; the Rebellion itself will Haunt its insulting
power; the whole country, in length and breadth,
Will be disturbed, and the Rebel region will be
handed over to misrule and anarchy. Let Con-
| gress prevail and all this will be reversed; the
| plghted faith of the republic will be preserved;
| the national creditor and the national freedman
| Will be protected; the Rebellion itself will be
| trampled out forever; the whole country, in
| length and breadth, will be at peace, and the
| Rebel region, no longer harassed by contro-
| versy and injustice, will enjoy the richest
| fruits OF security and reconciliation. To labor
Tor TINS cause may well tempt the young and
| rejoice the old.
| And now, to-day protest again against any
| admission of eX-Rebels to the great partner
| ship of this republic, and l renew the claim
| OF irreversible guarantees especially applica-
| De TO the national creditor and the natlonM
| freedman, insisting now, as | did year ago,
| that it is our duty, while renounclng indemnity
for the past to obtain at least security Tor the
| future. AT the close of terrible war, which
| has wasted our treasure, whlch mas murdered
| our fellow-citizens, which has filled the land
| with funerals, which has manned and wounded
| multitudes whom death has spared, and which
has broken up the yIde very Huroaoms Of peace
| future This can be only by provisions sure
| fundamental. and irrepeaiable, which shall fix
| forever the results OF the war, the obligations
| of Government and the equal rights of all.
| Such is the suggestion of common prudence and
| of self-defense, as well as OF common honesty.
| To this end we must make haste slowly. States
which precipitated themselves out of Congress
| must not be permitted to precipitate them
| selves back. They must not be allowed to
enter those halls which they reasonably de-
serted, until we have every reasonable assurance
of future good conduct. We must not admit
them and then repent our folly. Those words,
t0OHtMWsd on the Second PGgel