The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-05-25


thrown among savagcs shs In pieces H. obtain
the metal tina. held her tosether Il s moarnrul
template what garden Spanish America would have
boon TO the mother country had liberal policy
councils OF tho nation In its government What could he
Of STAnsh misrule that IL could go brand itself upon
them that after NIFTY years OF revolutionary throes they
have been unable 70 shake themselves entirely free from
the curses which still nger In their valleys and hold tho
cup Of misery 70 the lips Of their peoples Humanity
might well draw veil over these II Is sicken-
years OF sword. bullet faggot torture famine
glance At is necessary 70 our views Of the eniency
people ia their struggles Tor stable govsrnmsnt In
Mexico especially. svsryshisg appeared . conspirs 70
which bad governments q home administered BY un-
prncpled colonial otncisls, could deal out 70 her.
crooles o hold the highest oihoss, tbs aw OF
Charles " waiting that the dscoverers the settlers
preferred before ali others in the 6css * The churrh
State and Jurisprudence" yet OF the hundred and
sixty vcercys who ruled during the time that Spain held
her colonies only four creoes natives OF the
colonies by Spanish pasents and these four owed their
i91 1s e e S :Si S:S on nse:s
Every situation, even the lowest Custom House clerk
SHIP was hold by an European. OF six hundred and
two Captain Generals all but fourteen spaniards
Of ecclesiastical bsnexces upon the dsscsodants q
the conqustadores and ''pacncstos" OF the country
law stipulated that NO spaniard could holi ssoh .
benence. oven Il appoated By the King htassM Yeto
episcopal dignity the New World only hfyHvs wero
nssavss The vicsroys-Ihere were originally but Two
ssscU snd Peru ,, 1hs ycsrcy:y OF New
1881 that OF Chile in 1734 and that0f Busnos Ayres In
177s)-with rare exceptions, were men whose ruined
hope, unless an appointment In the Now World might
enable them In few years Of its occupancy TO return
the vlest antecedents parasites unedlcated and
b,goted, they appeared TO be selected as crushing
machines for colonial silver mnca They were the first
tn tbo n 40 n hOlA
The distance to the mother country and tho fact that all
complaints had to through the hands Of those who
Of this great grievance Al time under Godoy every
Office In the Mexican viceroyaty was publicly sold at
auction. Fp
The power Of the viceroy was more than regal; the
troops werc entirely under his command. Every civil
~"s S al
appointments BY virtue Of tho claws OF tho Indies.
His salary $50 900 per year. Yet or OF this he lived
like an eastern monarch and returned homo In few
years prncely fortune s.He reared profits the
illegal sales OF titles and distinctions granting licenses
and the introduction Of foreign goods while Fat
time government situations In demand with
out salary" (sce Wards Mex.cOl the opportunities for
Fueros wero granted TO spanards which enabled them
to make vast sums OF money Spanish America appear
ed to be immense field which avarce riot in
acts Of oppression and msrule.
LAWS REGULATING LABOR. iH
The repaento and tho nnita were other evils forced
upon the country. The mitd as II to grind out every
physical OF the Indian imposed upon the
abject slavery. It was years personal toll exacted
owner every mine q
certain number of Indian workmcn, to whom he paid
four reals nfty cens) per day This insufficient TO
keep the Indian and his family from starvation sys
Indian could keep life In him while his physical energies
endured, the owner Of the mine credtng him with alb
solute necessities but at the end Of his term Of
vice he in debt the law forced him to remain until
it paid As it impossible for him to pay It, tho
poor Indian found relief from his misery except ID
DEATH which, from scanty food hard labor and exposure
seldom gave him moro than two three lease of
lite The destruction to Indian life was immense to be
Indian q sentence Of death. Out Of his scanty
ings he was obliged to pay capitaon tax Of eight dol
lars per head to speak of the exacous OF the clergy
which will be hereafter mentioned The result upon the
Indian element in Mexico was not crushing as in the
consequently liable to msrule but In Mexico
the phanhropc Las Casas has depicted crueties which
see General Mers Memos) that no less than 2s5 900
Indians persisted under colonial rule; but this must be
an TSs sa India, n could not hold property to
tector dc los naiurales," appointed by the King.
= EDUCATION.
Education, at all times 10 the intellectual
expansion OF people, was confined In the colonies 10
the narrowcst limits While the rst OF the world was
baskng in the sunshine of mighty intellectual advance
think which God gave to man, the whole OF Spanish
America overspread with the dark veil Of bgotry
turtles and rom Which, after ,oSg and tremendous
efforts, she had shaken herself FREQ, fed to the New
World where nursed BY ambition, svarlce and all the
found soil where its seeds planted by the viccroys and
their parasites and nurured by tho clergy weighed heav
lily upon the oppressed creole and Indian races
The only studies permitted in the schools were
Latin grammar, ancient philosophy, theology and
only history taught was that OF Spain. Public
schools forbidden under plea that ait not expe
pte ignorance was the policy imposed The Board Of
Trade at Buenos Ayres not allowed TO establish
school Of mathematics being SUPPRESSED By the Vice.
journeyed foot TO Mexico distance OF I'VE hundred
miles, and crossed the ocean To Madrid, solicit the
tka
education. This petition to the "Counc Of the Indies
rejected in 1Tes Crilo dc Castella caqus failed
Madrid resulted in his death Merida in ven.a u,s
was by Charles w. refused permission 10 found uni
proved entirely rues wb ,he o ps
Buenos Ayres and Mexico printing presses we're
denied to the colopies In tho latr viccroyay so late
as $780, there was but printing that
under control OF the government TO prom uleate
laws for the crushing Of the people and the exacon Of
revenue.
II unnecessary detail the acts committed during this
long night of saturnaan horrors which held high carni
war OF the Revolution Sufficient human suffering 10 pan
der TO the naturally morbid condition OF the mind which
During the long colonial dependence OF the Americas
hs exclusive policy OF the mother country bad shut
them out from the progress Of the New World; they
they free from the heretical doctrines which were
rocking Europe like q cradle, and which were giving
% ne% oas al
except that portion OF the history Of spain which, bav
ing passed the censorship OF the clergy was deemed
fitted for the colonial mind had narrowed their IDEAS Of
humanity and entirely unprepared thcm for the food OF
Hight which was TO pour in upon them when the Bourbon
dynasty was overthrown In the mother country.
INFLUENCE OF CATHOLICISM
Catholicism had found virgin field In America
where IL had luxuriaicd and spread It's dogmas Nee
from all contact with beresies which might contamInafe
IL The land free from the seeds the Ecaiic phi
osophy which the school Of XenophaDes, Parmendes
and zeno bad drawn from physical speculalions Il
vas free from the scientific deductions which Ars-
totle and Emo had planted in the Old World The
Church OF Rome did not have to step INTO the
New World and dash aside such theories as the opening
OF the Egyptian ports had spread over Europe There
was contact with cxtraneous elements; no Panthesm
TO The cast OF them; no Greek philosophy no Mahom-
medsm to overrun rome OF the fares territory OF tho
Church sccts TO distract the faithful no Trnitaran
controversy 10 set the mind in action The religious
force which had concentrated itself IN the Old World
burst the virgin wids Of the New like pestence
The anatical monk penetrated with the crucihx into
the midst OF the most savage tribes; whpe sword fire
and massacre the true instruments used in the
propagation OF the faith, and made converts than
the Bible whose blessed teachings the Indians received
Of the point Of the sabre. Truly the sword holds