, 1866-02-14

1ifaE y Fnaiand 15 ~ America can desire It moro
strongly than /. This country bag a!waSs
yearned for good relations wit6 England.
Thrico ouIv In all its history has that Jea5n-
Ing been fairly met; In the days of HaMposIs
and Cromwell. again in the first ministry o.
try Of shelburne. Not that there nave no. ~
at Ill timcs been Just men anong toe
Peers Of B1italn-ltke Halita1 In the Days OF
James II, or Granville, an Argyll, or
Hpnghton in ours; and we cannot be lnolt-
fese1t to a country that produces Statesmen
Ike Golden and Bright but tho best bower.
anchor Of peace was the Worktng-ciAss OF
England, who suffered most from our civil
war, but who, while they broke their dlmin-
ished bread in sorrow, always encouraged us
to persegerc.
FRANCE AND TIE MONROE DoCTUNR-
The act Of recognizing the rebel bellig-
erents was concerted with France; France, 80
the greatest benefits that one people ever con-
ferred on another; France, which stands
foremost on the continent Of Europe for the
so}idity OF her culture, as we'll as for the
bravery and generous impulses Of her sons;
France, which for centuries had been moving
and polltiesl freedom. The policy regarding
further colonization Of America By European
powers, known commonly as the doctrine OF
Monroe, had its origin IN France and, II It
takes any mans name, should bear the name
Of Turgot. It was adopted by Louis XVI,
most important member. It Is emphattcally
the policy OF Frxnce, to which, with transient
dcvfations, the Bourbons, the first Napoleon
and the House Of Orleans have ever adhered-
THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON AND MEXICO.
The late President was perpetually harassed
by rlmors that the Emperor Napoleon the
Third desired formally to recognize the States
in rebellion as m 1ndependenlpower, and that
England held him back By her reluctance, or
himself oy his OWL better Judgment and clear
perception Of eyeuts.
But the republic Of Mexico, on our borders,
was, like ourselves, distracted by rebellion,
and from similar Cause. The monarchy Of
England Ind fastened upon s,avesy whsh @
manner the ecclesiastical policy, established
By the Spanish council Of the Indies In the
days Of Charles the Fifth, and Philip the Sec
ond, rctainedlts rigor In the Mexican Repub-
lie. The fifty years Of civil war under which
system which was lie legacy ofmonarchy, just
as here the inheritance Of slavery kept alive
political strife and eliminated In civil wAr.
AS with Us there could be no quiet but
through the end of slavery, go In Mexico,
there could be no prosperity until the crush
ing tyranny Of Intolerance snould cease. The
party Of slavery IN the United States sent
their emiesa1ies 10 Europe to solicit aid and
so did the party Of the Church In Mexico, as
orEantzed by the old Spanish council Of the
! Indies, hut with different result. Just as
the Republican party had made an end OF the
| rebellion, and was establishing the hest gov
ernmcnt ever known In that region, and Civ
ing promise TO the patton OF order. peace aud
prosperity, word was brought Us, In the mo-
mcnt Of our deepest at1lictIoD, that the French
Emperor, moved by . desire to erect in North
ATro t{r bYffr EnH Sn1t-
transform the Republic Of Mexico into .
secuadogenuure for the house Of Hapsbnrg.
America might complain she could not then
interposc, and delay seemed justidable. It
WIS seen that Mexico could not, with all its
wealth Of land, compete in cereal products with
our Northwest; nor in tropical products with
Cuba; nor could 1t, under disputed dynasty,
attrnct capital, or create public works, or de-
yelope mines, or borrow money , so that the
imperial system Of Mexico, which was forced
at once to recognize the wisdom of the policy
Of the republic By adopting it, could prove
treasury for the support OF an Austrian ad-
venturer.9
TIE rERPErU1r1 OF REPUBLICAN 1SsT1Tu-
T1oNs-
Meantime new series of uomentous ques-
tious grows up and forces themselves on the
consideration Of the thoughtful Republican,
ism has learned how to introduce into Its con-
slitution, every element Of order, u well as
every element Of freedom but sthus far the
continuity Of Its government has seemed to
depend on the continuity Of elections. It Is
now to be considered how perpetuity Is to be
cessor of Charles the First Of England, dated
his reign from the death Of his father, the
Bourbons coming buck after aloug series OF re-
| volutions, claimed that the Louis who became
King was the eighteenth oi that name. The
present Emperor Of France, disdaininE title
rn1n nnff tn1n to ktn$ ~ h,n
/ name. Shall republic have less power Of
continuance when invading armies prevent .
peaceful resort to the bal1ot-box1 What
| force shall be attached to intervening legisla-
tion? What validity to debts contracted. for
Its overthrow? These momentous questions
solution" A free State once truly constituted
should be Us undying as its people. Tha Re-
public Of Mexico must rise again.
THE POPE OF ROME AND T1R RKDHLL1oN.
! It was the condition Of affairs IN Mexico
that involved the Pope Of Rome In our difl.
{ soverrigns7 recognized the Chief Of the Con-
| federate States as President, and his sup
pOrte1B as q people; md In letters to great
prelates Of the Catholic Church In the United
States gare counsels for peace at q time when
peace meant the victory Of secession. Yet
events move a. they are ordered The b1ese-
Ing OF the Pope OF Rome on the head OF Duke
Ma1fnIfan could not revive In the nineteenth
century the ecclesiastical policy OF tha six-
teenth' md the result Is only a new proof
without religious freedom.
| When 1t came hume to the consciousness Of
| the Americans that the war which they wern
| waEtng was war for the liberty Of atl the ma
tfons Of the world. for freedom Itself, they
thanked God for the severity Of the trial to
which he put their sincerity, and neryed
themselves for their duty With an iueIozable
Will. The President YVES led along by the
greatness Of their selfsaeridcmg examples !:
and, as chl1d ii 8 dark night, on rugged
way, catches hold oftne hand oflts father for
guidance and support, he chung fast to the
hand Of the people, and moved calmly through
the gloom. While the statesmanshlp of Eu-
rope was scofdng ut the hopeless vanity Of
their efforts, they put forth such miracles Of
energy Us the history Of the world had never
noWn' lie navy Of the United States, draw
pg iGto the public service the willing militia OF
and established Au actual blockade from Cape
Uatteras to the Rio Grande; in the course Of
the war 1t was increased five fold ID men and
In tonnage, while the inventive genius Of tins
country devised more effective kinds Of ord
uance and new forms Of naval architecture In
wood and iron. There went into the field, for
| various terms Of service, about two million
men, and IN March last the men In service
exceeded million that Is to say, one Of
every two, able-bodied men took
some part In the war; and ut one time every
fourth able bodied man was In the 1e1d In
one single month, one hundred ant slxty-dyg
thousand were recruited Into service. Once,
within four weeks, Ohio organized aud placed
in the field forty-two regiments OF infantry
nearly thirty-stx thousand men; aud Ohio
WAS Like other States in the East and In the
West. The well-mounted cavalry numbered
elghty-four thousand; OF horses there were
bought, first and last, two-thirds of mil
lon- In the movements Of, troops science
came In mid Of patriotism, so that, to choose
T., single s, instance ont Of many, "a army
mais,' , were. are mo!sds s' 81 Tail 1 from
the Potomac to the Tennessee, twelve hun
dred miles, In seven days.: In the long
marches wonders Of military construction
hailed ample supplies W awaitea te them "a At their
ever-chaDging base. The vile thought that
life is the greatest Of blessings did not rise up.
In si1 hundred and twenty five battles and
severe skirmishcs, blood flowed like water.
It stFeamed over the young prairles it stain.
was red With 1t; and this army marched On
with majestic courage from one coufict to
another, knowing that they were lighting fol
God md liberty. The organization Of the
medical department met Its infinitely multi
Piled duties with exacsness and despatch. At
the news Of battle the best surgeons in our
cities hastened to the field to bier the jealous
aid Of. the greatest experience and skill
The gen.leat and the most refined OF
women LETT homes OF luxury and
ease to build hospital tents near
sick and dying. Besides the large supply Of
religious tokens BY the public, the congreSa-
tlons spared 10 their brothers in the field the
ablest ministers IN the land. The Christian
Commission, which expended five andk1 half
millions, sent four thousand clergymen, chos-
en- out Of the best, to keep unsoiled the zelt-
gious characters of the men, and made gifts
Of clothes and food and. medicine. The or
ganfzations Of private charity assumed un-
heard Of dimensions. The Sanitary Comm1s-
sfon, which had seven thousand societies, dis
trfbuted, under the direction Of an unpaid
board, spontaneous contributions to the
amount Of fifteen millions, in supplies md
money! million and q half In money from