New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-06-19
LEAD-MlNsvG.
THE NEW CALIFORNIA DIGGTSGs AT GALENA-DsscaR-
TON AND SITUATION OF THE ORE

THE NEW CALIFORNIA DIGGIHGs AT GALENA-Dssc2R-
TON AND SITUATION OF THE ORB.
From Our specis Correspondent
DUBUQUE. Iowa. Friday June g. 1886.
Ten miles south of Galena il what is known as this
New California Dgging The ore is here found at the wsa
level OF the Mississippi and works under bluff Of limestone
come 200 feet high These mines worked in the Winter
and when the Spring rise comes filed with water u
abundance until the Winter The esd mines about Fair
play all in and west creVices-hess cutting dovs
vertically through the limestone the ore standing IN the hA'
sures in The form of east and vertical cash yelas
Some Of these crevces have been followed over mic u
length the becoming Of larger type and deeper ia tss
crssce has been abanSoned At Hazel Green tao lead
make in three distinct character of yeinsyetca saeet OF
veins bard in the limestone and from half inch up 10 two
These veins occur in patches known to She's
lots tho veins being 10 20 and 30 feet apart and Crossing
each other right angles Sometimes tho North and ocuts
vein will be the master and cut out the East and west ag
the East and West will have the most force and cur o1t tut
North and South sgan the influence VIII be equal ana ssos
vein hold rs and average quantity Of ore Tie na,s
follows his ore by sinking shaii ead then outing 9l M
with long handled narrow pick, and, then Dast
OF the wall rocks as to give him room 70 advance ano
again cut out the ore These veins are gehefny
Cornish the native miner not having the patience y
remove 80 rouc rock 10 gef TIE ore Here ais as2 ~
class Of East and West cash veins also eondeFaoe liss
titles Of originally washed from the cay ana Dis
in what the miners cali clay dggns-thai IS ore 10 bed
At Porter Grove in early times tsead WORKED
in open cuts much the same way as the brown hemaueS
iron ores are worked Pennsylvania aud other districts.
the cut commenced along the slope OF ridge and c
ay the form Of and west vein In the clay mined
This class Of ore was always found belong assures in tbs
aS u" sG o sa s Ss %
worked to the water level and then abandoned
the sides Of the ridges. known 70 miners as dog
bone bazes In these places ne SOL was fed VITA zS ore
ridges formed Of limestone In nearly horizontal strata ne
about mile apart aud FED by springs which break %
rocky bottoms-these ridges terminating points
being covered with clay ton te>t
dcephe contour Of each ridge AID Little arm or point beng
rounded OF as # each ridge with its branches wass part a
some great system Ike section the branches Of
tree. streams laid down on township map.
We see the all tending to one poiut and suppose
there must be some parent stream 50 with those rdgeshs
smallest point connects with larger dividing ridge
Mounds three comic hills 20 miles distant that rise 800 fss
above the valley OF tie lead d and are tse center Of as
lie lead field Along the sides Of these ridges about Mnsr
Point low down the water courses lead mines wa -
found These in what miners call ha openings he sse
ore being found in chunk FORM in marr o. clay and ohs
between the strata OF limestone Higher up another eyS
veins penetrating the hills nroush round sn
bers in the rock. from whence IS derived tae name Of
VEIN" Still higher aad on the umm Of tue ridges ,ae %
found in another type Of veins known as yertc
limestone and occurs In parallel L,suLes faahns east "'s
west iko 50 many gashes ont down hIo9gh the roos
OK & Sc Ike woman rop SIT b s' c q GUY s1ess
his down round sticks which be two inches
diameter and one foot apart we viii cal thus layer tes
unper sandstone another inch thick which osn
the blue limestone another layer inch thick which
call the lower aena limestone another layer inch thick.
VII ch we call the upper Galsna limestone above this hf
inch layer named rock Here We have pie or aha
of rock such lead prior TO tho fogmatos
OF he valley and ridge system the lead held We must now
atsmpt m way make ridge and take peDkafe aug
Commence chip out the clay along the two parallel stoks
we cut out rough channel down through toe TIRES uppx
LAYERS and half way through the fourth watch We named tS
The next work round of tb mass o cay lna
orsp OF the upper caprock only Is ef Here ws
Ia the ron "a framework OF ridge Now the nslres an1
chambes where lead - 10 be filled IN mss We oas
SOM three parallel down near to the bottom Oh s
upper limestone and FL them ap with black sand than
Law tho pieces capOck in their former places second ne sks
p pc and pert0ots tue clay IN nearly AOf1Oah las
along the sides ridge about Of the way through
and M these pipehots With black sand .-.
T4ri We cut horizontally two levels IN the layer names
the hue sixth OF the IN tbf pie ans
IN these with blsck sand We have now the three ypss o.
veins filed in the sides and top Of the ridge and roll oat
eet OF CLAW quarter inch thick and cover the msss
(Which represents the clay covering the RIDGE aud we hsys
In miniature rough outline OF the way the lead ores lay In
their ratrx OF limestone about Mineral Point before beng
by tho pick OF the miner Extend ths system q
ridges along indefinitely the lead measures gong lover ava
rising higher above bass line The water courses iouoS
along strata has been raised Nou Will notce ma. ss
creeks follow along where the sticks lay which may De oon-
pare 20 eevalg forces and our little clay stratus Dave
slglt dip the center of tie ridge The country -
formed in series OF basins The study OF the filing or reps
ton Of the Of these basins is the key to al Vas
osha