The New York herald., 1866-09-15

UuiVerSai 6uuro86 enu universal represents
tion, or limited suffrage and partial representa-.
ton in proportion, just as each State, from
Maine to Texas, may for itself elect, is the
condition Of this constitutional amendment.
South Carolina, for instance, has a population
of 700, ,000-of which 100000 are whites and
100000 are blacks. Taking 100000 as the
number required for each member of Con-
gress, she will have seven members II she
grants universal suffrage; but II she cuts of all
her blacks she loses four members, and proper
tionately as the suffrage is restricted by quail
iflcation of color, property or education to
whites or blacks. This may seem pretty So
we're upon the South. but it applies also, more
or less, to every Northern State, including
New York-which has negro property quail
acation (two hundred and fifty dollars), and
Massachusetts, where they have reading and
writing qualification. All the States will have
to modify their Laws to universal suffrage
Under this constitutional amendment or be
cut down to greater or less extent in their
namerations for Congress.
This amendment is going through. There is
no other settlement for the South. The Gov.
ernors Of the Southern States ought, therefore,
to call their legislatures together at once and
ratify this amendment, so that with the meeting
of Congress in December they may be all re-
stored to both houses. In this way they can at
once secure the balance Of power in Congress
and put an end to any further attempt of the
radicals to apply new restrictions of State res
tor Tla kota %ro ~-rs1I bo
put in position to take their ground and shape
their course to some purpose in view OF the
Presidential election. What has been done in
the case of Tennessee amounts to the adoption
of rule of admission. The way is plain, tho
door is open, and in this simple act of ratif-
cation the South will be restored to its balance
Of power. II is the ul.imatum OF the victorious
North, and the South will lose much and gain
nothing by delay in Its adoption.
Perifons Position Of Canada The Only Practi-
cal solution Of the Difficulty.
Our neighbors on the other eide of the ST.
Lawrence arc alarmed, and not without rea-
son, at the continued existence of extensive
schemes for their invasion and conquest by the
Fenan organic ,tion. They know NOT the day
nor the hour when the border line will be
crossed at various points by thousands Of we'll
disciplined veteran troops, Injured to war and
inspirited by an inextinguishable hate Of every
thing British. And they are well aware that
had it not been for the interference OF our GOV
ernmcnt with the Fenian movement on Canada,
a few months since, no force that they could
have put into the field could have prevented
the victorious sweep Of those American Irishmen
from Toronto TO Quebec and tho extinction Of
British rule on the North American continent.
II is therefore natural that they should mani
fest alarm al the pertinacty with which tho
Fenian organization persovercs in its scheme
for the conquest Of Canada AMI should enter
tain serious apprebensions for the near future
Of those provinces.
II IS just as well, perhaps, that the people Of
Canada shoulJ realize the full extent Of their
danger ard learn, at the same time, how only
1t can be avoided. The four millions who
represent the Irish race In America constitute
too important an element in our political so
clcty to have heir views opposed and thwarted
by any party or by any politician Mr.. John
son will not the second time incur the dis
pleasure OF the Irish element by interposing
tho military arm OF the government between
Fcnian forces AMI the Bri lish troops aud militia
Of Canada, and 1t is but fair TO assume that no
executive oiiccr of this government will attempt
to do so. after the action taken by the Ho uso
OF Representatives,, at Washington, on the re-
port Of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, sus-
tanning. by unanimous vote, the proposed
modification Of our neutrality laws 50 that no
legal obstacle should stand in the way OF The
Fenians. These are facts which the Canadians
cannot afford to overlook or undcrratc. When
ever the Fcuians are ready for the invasion of
Canada on grand scale, it Is pretty certain
that the movement will not be rendered abor-
tive by the action OF our own government, and
that the Canadians must depend upon thcm.
selves alone. The Fcnians could probably
bring to the work an army of fifty thousand
men--most OF them veterans OF the federal and
confederate armics-against whom the raw
militia and volunteers OF Canada could not
stand for a week.
This is the peril TO which Canada is now cx-
posed. How can she ward Off the blow:
IL is in vain for her to look to Great
Britain ios military force 10 protect
her. The English government and press
have been proclaiming and repeating for
years past that the Canadians must provide for
their own defence in time Of war. Besides. ii
Is against the British rule in Canada that the
Fcnians ara arminc, and II follows that the
more the Interests OF Great Britain ore repre-
sented In the colonies the greater are the pro-
vocatives to war. If the political connection
between England and her North American
colonies werc terminated tomorrow tho Fe-
mans would not have the shadow Of an excuse
for invading Canada. and, we believe, would
not think OF such thing. II Il England they
wish to strike, and, II they cannot reach her
heart, il would crafty them to cripple her In