The weekly Panola star. [volume] (Panola, Miss.) 1857-1881, 1866-03-10

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Ne a. 4 wi.e combustion a h lhe poIl
- n h. adopted In flme NJ Itaee
have, With taHRfpss the slfUngesl
deaifo ~ scture ~ ~ freedmen The
fell enjoyment N their freedom and
their entire Independence ahd epunii
" In making contracts ff their
labof ljui ths bil lmiofa ~ oon
iaina provisions which, IN ms opin
len, arc MT warranted Wv The { maiin
ton, and aru not well suited 10 o..
eomplish Tie End In yicw.
The bill proposes a. establish, ly
authority " Congress military juris
dictlon over all parts ~ the United
States containing refugees and freed.
men II would, by iis very nature,
apply with more force 10 those parts
of the United States In which the
freedmen most abound, and II cx-
prcsaly tends 10 The existing tempo
rary Jurisdiction Of the ffeedmcn's
bureau greatly enlarged powers over
those acts in which the ordinary
course Of judicial proceedings ho.
been interrupted by the rebellion,
The source from which these power.
are to he selected Is either from the
army or from civil liicj the country
il to be divided into districts and sub.
districts, and the number of special
agents to be employed may be equal
to the number Of counties or parishes
in every part of the United State
where fccdmcn and refugees are to b,
found. The subjects over which thi'
military jurisdiction is to extend IN
every part of the United States, in
clude' all employees, agents, and Off
GERS of the bureau in the exercise o
the duties imposed upon them by III,
bill. In eleven States it is further
intended to extend over all case,
affecting freedmen and refugees wh'
may be Disseminated against by til,
local laws, customs or preiudices. II
those eleven States the bill subjects
white person who may be charged
with depriving any freedman of am
civil rights or immunities belonging
to white persons, to Imprisonment o.
fine, or both, without, however, de
filming the civil rights which are thu
to be secured to the freedmen by civi
law. This military jurisdiction alsc
extends to all questions that may
arise concerning contracts. The agen'
who is thus to exercise the Office Of {
military judge, may be a stranger
entirely ignorant of the laws, anC
exposed to the errors of Judgment Il
which all men are liable. The exer
else of power over which there is NJ
legal supervision, by so vast a mum
Der of agents as is contemplated b,
the bill, must, by the very nature o
man, be attended by acts of capric'
injustice and passion. The trial
having their origin under this bill
are to take place without the inter
vention Of a jury, and without an,
fixed rules of law or evidence. TIL
rules on which offences are to b
heard and determined by the numer
Gus agents are such rules and regula
tions as the President, through III
War Department, may prescribe. n
previous presentment is required, no
any Indictment charging the commits
sion of a crime against law; but iria
must proceed on the charges nm
specifications. The punishment vii
not be as law declares, but such as
court-martial may think proper, an
from these arbitrary tribunals ther
is no appeal and no writ Of error
any Of the courts in which the Cor
stitution of the United States vest
exclusively the judicial power Of III
country ; while the territory and ii
/ class Of actions and offences that al
made subject to this measure are !
extensive that the bill itself, shoul
: il become a Law, will have no limit
: ton in point Of time, and will for
a part Of the permanent legislatic
of the country.
: cannot reconcile a system Of mi
: itary jurisdiction Of this kind vii
the words Of the Constitution, whi'
declares that no person shall be he
to answer for a capital or otherwi
: infamous crime, unlesspn q presen
ment or indictment Of a grand jur
+. except in cases arising in the nav
or military forces, or in the milii
. when In actual service in a time
: war.or public danger, and that in
criminal prosecutions the accus
shall enjoy the right to speedy a
: public trial by an impartial jury
the State or district wherein the crit
4 shall have been committed. T
safeguards sanctifcd by the wisd'
I, and experience Of ages, and viii
~