Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1866-06-28
Solicited Miseenang.
From the Pail Mall Gazette, May a.
THE TREATIES OF 1916.

Main points of the treaty Of Vienna and
the Holy alliance arrangement.
As the treaty of Vienna may once more
be made the stalking horse of Bonapartist
ambition, it may be interesting to the gen.
eral reader who is more learned in present
politics than in past history, to be reminded
what that famous treaty really was. In
the first place, it was signed by larger
number of States than had ever before uni
ted in the settlement of European affairs,
including Austria, France, England, Rus,
sia, Prussia, Spain, Portugal and Sweden.
Coming almost Immediately after the wide
spread shattering of old landmarks conse-
quent upon French conquests, the rear.
rangement of territories amounted almost
to q reconstruction. This reconstruction
was based almost exclusively on dynashc
considerations, the real welfare of nations
and the tendencies of what are now called
"nationalities' being scarcely thought of.
Everywhere nations, OF fragments of nations,
were placed undsr foreign sovereignties.
England's gaia, indeed, was fully equal.
ed by her loss in the new plan. She kept
Malta, which was essential to her position in
the Mediterranean, and where her rule was
not unwelcome; for the sake Of Europe gene.
rally she undertook the protectorate of the
Ionian Islands, now got rid of; and to
satisfy royal prejudices, she also preserved
the kingdom of Hanover, now also got
rid of.
In Italy, Milan and Venice were given
to Austria, and Sardinia was confirmed to
Piedmont; while the Duchies of Tuscany,
Parma, Modena and Pacentia we're recog-
nized as sham independent sovereignties,
governed by collateral branches of the Aus
trian Hapsburg. Austria still further OBJ
tanned possession of the Tyrol, Illyria and
Dalmatia.
Prussia's gairs were enormous, and, un.
like many of the Austrian, were acquisi'
tions of real power. With half of Saxony,
nearly all Westphalia, Swedish Pomerania,
and almost all the Lower Rhine provinces,
she started afresh as rival of Austria, far
more formidable than before.
In the North of Europe, Russia received
Finland from Sweden; as compensation
for which Sweden received Norway, which
was taken from Denmark !; and Denmark,
who was not represented at the Congress,
got nothing in return.
As to Poland, the three great partitioners
made some fresh recti6cation of boundaries
The innumerable small German States
which had existed before the French reVo.
luton, and which had been what diplomat
lists called mediatized, or, as plain people
call it, swamped, al the setting up of the
Bonapartist Confederation CT the Rhine
these remained swallowed up by their power
ful neigbors.
Holland, having ceded her German pos.
sessions, was consoled with the Belgic
provinces and became kingdom, and Swift
zerland remains much as before.
In the same year, 1915, political pharisa-
ism accomplished its masterpiece, the
"Holy Alliance" between Austria, Russia
and Prussia, by which they bound them
selves to act for the future on Christian
principles orly, and Immediately proceed
to enforce the absolute supremacy of kings
as the one great principle of Christianity.
All Europe acquiescedin the announcement,
with three notable exceptions-the Sultan,
whose opinion was not asked, and England
and the Pope, who both declined to have
anything to do with the imposture.