New-York tribune., 1866-12-28

allowing too much power to fall into the hands Of an as
tocracy gradually sunk into decay Neither their wealth.
their refinement nor their art could save them from falling
prey to foreign nVade who handed them over other
90 il suited their convenience Now they have recovered
their liberty to form Province of the great Italian king
dom and, what once might have seemed humiahoA IS
now their glory and their pride. Lendnom, town on
the Venetian frontier near where the Po branches on 10
its several mouths, has chosen Gen. Garbadi for its
deputy The DhDftto liberal paper, here remarks that
she has done and made amends for the choice Venice
has made OF La Mamoa while emitting the greatest
captain Of the people, Who the Tyrolese mountains,
ed unsued The yaor Of Italy and kept alive the
fame of her achievements" The Bazione the fashionable
paper of Florence and which generally contains more
news as probably has more sources open to condemns
the nomination of Garbaldi, he has been already
elected deputy elsewhere and still severely com
mcns on that of Count Pier Lugs Bembo By one Of the
Electoral colleges of Venice ltseems that Bembo u well
known for having advocated Lombardo- Venetian king
dom in ISlgIS50 under the ATchduke Ferdinand Maxi
miaD and that he aiteryad accepted an Austrian ap
ponment his liberalism, IN short dates from THIS year.
1855 -. ~ ...-
Commentators vegezzi is again to be sent to Rome to
renew his negotiations with the Pope, begun hst year
Among the pamphlets pubshed on thls tope hat sgneo
Stefano Porcao has most reputation. The real Steano
Porcaro lived and died by the hand OF the haHgman IN the
middle of the fifteenth century, under one OF the most
humane Of the Roman Ponts. As tho historian relates
Porearo was by birth "noble, his reputation spotess
but inspired by famous poem TO liberty by the eeeoated
Italian poet Perach man ofearning with noble asPra-
ons be attempted to free Rome from pnesty DONNA
ton, and persisted accordingly "The Romans, pro-
ceeds Gibbon pitied and almost applaudedthese martyrs
Of their country but their applause was mute 'ne pV
Intellectual and their liberty forever extinct
The author Of this pamphlet, who has assumed Tue
Of PorcaIo, begins by reviewing the state Of parties
in Rome at this moment when the speedy approach Vi tue
end Of foreign occupation will afford IaVOraDie oPp0
nnity for each 10 come forward in the struggle Tor inde-
pendence He declares the night OF Romans 10 govern
themselves and that Rome belongs to her own people nc
describes the Senate magistracy which ouyed hgs,
Republic and Emperors and that the constant anagon-
ism between the Popcs and the German Emporors Tor
supremacy Italy had served TO maintain the sembanee
at least Of independence aud universal rghts or tOse 10
whom each looked for support The election OF the Popes
even until comparatively late period, was attended win
popular FORMS and he generally chosen from among
the patrcans Of Rome. The auhontyof the Senate now
ever in aeontnual struggle Pope ahdt
was thus that men like Renzo and Porcaro adhcents
who had not forgotten Rome had once called herse nee
and who chaed under the worst tyranny that OF those
who not only could Kill The body but The soul The Roman
Senate even at this late period had m flags and banners
carried by the chiefs of the people, the "CaPt Pooo OF
the standard borne before the Senate itself was sh 10
that IN enclent Rome-red and gold, with satn motto
signifying "The Senate Of the Roman people: Inc
Senate possessed ef and had the night OF jurisdiction
over eommoners and walled villages OF the Ducny OF
Rome. The police under their orders and they
claimed kind OF sovereign authority, coming money,
and during the interim between the death of one Pope
and the choice Of his successor ruling the city Iher
President called by preemnence The Senator received
royal honors and derived his authority from the people,
the militia and the barons This civil government IN an
ecclesiastical State existed in FORM though not IN power,
until lS47 when the Roman Senate Ys INTO
municipal administrative body a1dd{Hltleal rePreseh-
tation or parliament Of the people weected as more
eonformabe with modern ideas OF civilization IDS was
done by voluntary act on the part OF Pl9s the MIMI
and in March lSIS the statute which established con-
stitutiOna government in Rome was discussed IN ul
eonsistory of Cardinals and published The Senate
thus abolished for the freeer institutions Oh muniG, [
palty and parliament; but when these again
were abolished on the return OF the rope Y
French arms the Roman Senate was not restored ana
thus every yestge of liberty, in name has dlsap-
ia poDe protest against tue n-
vason Of rights he has received from his predecessors ana
which he considers il his duty TO transmit hs successor
The right of absolute rule the Roman people neher
he nor any other Pope ever did possess whatever tney
might claim, and illegally exercise The Ramphiet con
cludes by declaring that as soon as he frenen sooPs
have evacuated the soil the Roman people VIII become
again their own masters and may dispose OF themselves
as they please and make Of nights tst instituted Dy
Roman Senate and now extended 70 al tnS eV.eu pe0-
pie of Europe that Of the Pie6iseite The author ex
poets while inviting Victor Emanuel to be their king
the Roman people win request the Pope TO remain as
Primste Of the Italian Kingdom, and, under the PtoteS
ton OF the laws and the shadow banner which will
be inscribed Liberty for the Church and the state ex
ercse his hired ministry "revered BY his som" no longer
But IN what do the Roman people Of this day consists
For upward of 900 years Rome has maintained her ngh
TO the capital of Italy, the metropolis OF the world ana
the views on her forum and not the Vatican or St. Peter
keep alive the idea of her greatness in the hearts and
heads OF every Italian patriot who is resolved that she
shall still be the seat of government for the kingdom,
however little she may be adapted by climate or geogaph-
ical position TO the demands Of modern capital. The
stronghold Of ignorance hypocrisy and tyranny during the
centuries under which she has submitted 10
domination she 10 still held sacred by the Cathohc woro
as the temple Of their religion the dwelling Of their Hgh
Priest The intelligent middle class ~ such exist, from
whom all rational liberty proceeds, are small IN number
aud lost in the midst Of countless mulhudeof ana
ars cardinals the churchand the degenerate
MOBILES form the upper classes and among these learning
has chosen her place The shopkeepers who depend on
their gains from the swarms OF foreign visitors cannot
desire sny change which might diminish their customers
while the peasany, poor, ignorant and supershtous may
say of free Constitution the Queen OF Spain has lately
said of her people "What do for liberty compared
with our souls" Until whole system based on easulsy
and hypocrisy be swept away the finest race in the world
must be enfeebed and rendered unworthy Of the enjoyment
of freedom To maintain Rome and the Romans as they
are would be- as it has been crying niquy, which
doctrine of oxpediency justify and no reyouuoG
however sangunay land we trust such may De aVered
can be comparable as evil 10 the misery and degrada
on inflicted on mankind by the continuance OF Papa
Government IN the heart of Europe. lsr