davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09

A somewhat remarkable change of fortune
has occurred TO a young man known by the
name Of GEORGE OLSON, and occupying the
humble position of a lamp-trimmer and
Jack Of the Dust" on board the United
States steamship MaddUaska, now in this
port, BY which he has suddenly come into
possession Of 100000 in gold, together with
the Hungarian title of EDWARD LOUIS, Count
Batthyanyi, and the extensive estates at
tached thereto.
1t appears that OLSON, or the Count, left
his country in 1848, when very young, after
his father had been executed for being con-
Oerned in the rebellion with KossUTH, Ito
whom he is nearly related and has since
been in the United States. He knew little
Of his family or their real position, and sup
posed that, in consequence of his fathers
disloyalty, all their possessions had been
confscated. Finding it difficult to gain a
livelihood, he Joined the United States navy,
and was drafted on board the United States
steamer MadaDdska as landsman, was en-
Ploycd as lamp-trimmer and assistant 20 the
Captain of the hold. He never limited to his
messmates that he was Of noble birth or had
ever held higher position than the one he
occupied. In fact it does not appear that
his Countship had any very clear notions
himself on the matter.
Believing his father to be a disgraced man,
he troubled his head little about family
matters, and betook himself with great care
and industry to the care of his lamps and
all his other duties on board Happening
TO get hold of newspaper a short time
since, he discovered an advertisement re-
questing EDWARD LOUIS BATTYHANYI to
Communicate with certain parties, and he
would "hear Of something TO his advantage"
Our young blue-blooded Hungarian lamp
trimmer lost no time in complying, and,
having proved his indentity, received an in
slallment of 100000. Instead Of inform
ing his commanding officer of his strange
yicissitude Of fortune, which has metamor-
phosed United States naval lamp-trimmer
aad "Jack Of the Dust" into a Hungarian
nobleman, with revenue of upwards Of
700 year, BATTHYANYI, or OLSON, de-
serted from the MdddUdskd. He is now in
Washington, under the patronage of the
Austrian ambassador, endeavoring to pro-
cure formal discharge from the service.
That he will succeed we have not the slight
est doubt, and il is hoped that this sudden
elevation to rank and fortune will have the
effect Of making him reap the advantage of
the trying experience he has had of the
toughest side Of life. While on board the
Maddwaska he was remarkable for his good
behavior and the regular discharge of his
laborious duties; and now, when exalted
10 the rank Of n Hungarian grandee, we eN-
pect he will become, as he always promised,
q respectable and worthy member of
society.-Nelp York Herald, Nor. ID.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09

UNDER A DECREE OF THE CHANCERY
COURT, we are now authorized to sell, publicly
or privately. the property of the Estate of D. I.
McGAVOCK. deceased.
We are ready at all times to show persons this
property and will sell privately upon most rea-
sonable terms, and shall have. from time to time
public sales Of the same in the different localities
of the estate.
This property extends from Jefferson street, on
South, to St. Cecilia Academy and beyond, on the
North, and from College street, on the East, far
Westwardly as Fort Gillem and the Harding pro-
perty, and includes many choice and valuable
Lots. now within the corporate limits of the city,
having all the benefits Of the Hydrant Water and
the City Schools.
The great extent of this Estate furnishes every
variety Of location. Persons wishing to be in the
city with the benefit of the schools and water,
have a large number of beautiful lots to select
from; and those whose taste would lead them be-
yond the city limits, and yet be within few min
utes ride Of the business part thereof have still
larger field in which to locate and suit themselves
Water can be had in almost every part Of this
property by wells from twenty to forty feet deep.
The McGavock and At Vernon Horse Railroad
is now being built. and will be in operation dur
ing the month Of December next, and running out
directly TO the main body of the property, at
which poin, it branches, and runs thence in two
directions nearly through the entire estate. thus
aTording in the two directions eligible sites for
residences at all the intermediate distances be-
tween one-half Of mile and a mile and half
from the Public Square. and on or near the two
lines Of road.
To persons wishing to build and occupy resi-
deneos We will offer great inducements anG think,
make it the interest Of any who wish to settle in
or near the city 10 buy Of us.
This property, although so near tho heart ofthe
city. has been TO a great extent kept ont Of the
market; but the estate being largely in debt. we
expect to sell during the next three four years
a large amount Of it. so that persons buying now
may be sure that a sufficient number Of lots will
be disposed Of to cause the city to be extended in
this direction.
Plans and maps Of the property can at all times
be seen at No - Cedar street. up stars and at the
Chancery Court Clerks Office at the Court House
JAMES wHITwORTH,
Administrator.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
Commission and General
Agency Business.
377 Broadway, New York.

THE UNDERSIGNED EMBRACES THIS
i method Of informing his friends that he has
returned to the city Of New York, and resumed
the Commission and General Agency Business,
and offers his services to such may require the
assistance Of an Agent in either procuring Mer-
chandze or dispOsing Of such products as they
may have for sale. His long familiarity with
goods in almost all departments Of trade. and his
extensive acquaintance with business men. quail
fes him for making purchases upon NEST adyan-
tageOus terms, enabling him. not unfrequently to
buy upon better terms fer his customers than they
could for themselves. If they were here in person.
He will not only select partial or Entire Stocks Of
Goods for Country Merchants. but will purchase
and ship Pianos. Sewing Machines Carriages,
Furniture, and Machinery Of all kinds, Medicines,
Books, whatever else the necessities Of Planters,
Physicians. Lawyers, Tradesmeh. OF others, may
require from the great center and entrepOt Of bu-
sness and commerce.
1t may not be amiss to say. in this connection.
that credits are now more cireumscribed than be-
fore the War-four months being now the outer
limit, while for many kinds Of what are denOmi-
mated Staple Goods, Net Cash Prices prevail.
Where purchasers may wish to procure goods on
time, or part on credit and part for cash. their
memorandums should be accompanied with pro-
per testimonials as to sslvency and punctuality,
unless their credit well established IN this mar
Ny charge for purchasing goods, or for selling
Cotton. Tobacco, or other produce, IS two and
One-half per cent. take the liberty Of referring
10 the aforementioned gentlemen. for many Of
whom l have had the pleasure OF transacting
business:
B. McFerrin, Nashville; Hon. A. Wright Mem
phiE Thos. Martin, Esq.,, Pulaski Tenn: Hov A.
0. p. Nicholson, Columbia Tenn; Hon. X. i.
Caruthers, Lebanon, Tenn; Hon. e. w. Jones,
Fayetteville. Tenn; Hon. f. A. Keeble Murfrees-
boro', Tenn: J. N. Parker. Esq, Jackson, Tenn
Col. W. +. Dowd, Aberdeen, Miss Col James
Brown. Oxford. Miss: Hon. A. II. johnson, Ray
mOnd, Miss; Gel. II. W. Walter, Holly Springs
Miss; VIM. II. Allen. Esq. Jackson. Miss Chas
W. Marti1, ESQ, Pontotoe, Miss. Major J. H.
Turner. q lumbus. Miss.
july6 ASTON B. ESTES.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
HurIey's stomach BItters.

For Debility. Loss Of Appetite. Weakness. Indi-
gestiOn or Dyspepsia. want Of action on the Liver,
DisOrdered stomach. there are no bitters that
compare Withthese in removing these distressing
complaints. For sale or can be had at any Drug
Store in the United States, or from the prOprie-
tors, Louisville, Ky. corner Seventh and Green
streets, 10 whom all orders should be addressed.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
FOR OHILLS AND FEVER
Use the Best!
HURLEY'S AGUE TONIC

Never Fails-Aiways 10 be Depended Upon
Nothing more reliable than Hurlsys Tonic.
WILL cure Ague and Fever, Chills and fever in
w termittent Fever. Dumb-Ague. Every person
who has tried Hurieys Tonic speaks in the highest
terms Of il. As curative agent L is unsurpassed
and more certain than quinine. No bad results
from using II U Riley - TONIC. Every body should
use HULEY'S AGUE TONIC. Send orders 10
HURLEY, RUDDDLE X CO.,
ProprietOrs Louisville, Ky.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
murIey's Popular worm CANDY.

As this i really Specific for W0sms, and the
best and most paia form 20 give % children
81 ali other preparations for WOrms-it being taste
less. any child viii take IT,
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
Oriental pearT n-oDa-

For Identifying the Complexion. eHsctually "a
moves Tan, Freckles, Blotehes, and irving Ire
skin an elegant smO0thness not easily attained b.
any other. It's use among the ladies Of fashion ia
The East gives i character for efficacy which
a. once stamps i as infinitely superior for the
toilet Of q lady.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
HurIey,s sarsaDariIIa-

The great Blood Purifier as a Spring and Sum
mer Medicine stands unrivaled removes al i'm
purities IRON the blood. and gives health and
strength 10 the system.
HURLEY. RUDOLF 4 CO.,
Propriet0rs
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
LAW SCH OF.

LAW SCH Dol.
LAW FACULTY;
HON ROBERT L. CARUTHERS.
NATHAN GREEN. L. B.
HON. HENRY COOPER.
COURSE OF STUDY IN THE LAW SCHOOL
JUNIOR CLAss.-Caruthers' History Of Law
suit; Walkers American Law stephens Plead
ing; Kent's Commentaries Story on PrOmiss0ry
Notes.
MIDDLE CLAss-Story on Bailments; Story on
Agency: StOrys Equity Jurisprudence; Story .
Equity Pleading; Greenleafs Evidence; Criminal
Law.
SENIOR CLAss.-Story on Conflict Laws; Angel
and Ames on Corporations; LOmax on Executors:
Parsons on Contracts; Fourth Kent reviewed;
Story on the Constitution.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
NEW ORLEANS TRADE
RE-0P { N E D.
The Magnificent Steamer,
DAVID WHITE,
DR.. II. B. SHAW, Master,
DR.. 7. J. SHAW, CLERK,

VETfI Commence Making Regular
w Tripc to New Orleans and allintermedi-
ate ports, on the opening of the season. rhe
DAVID WHITE was purchased expressly for
this trade, and has been refurnished re-fitted
and thoroughly overhauled, and pronounced by
good judges to be one of the most comfortable
and substantial steamers on the Western waters.
She is a large side boat, with roOmy and hand
somely furnished cabin, capable of accommodating
one hundred first class, and fifty second class pas
her accommodations for carrying freight are
unsurpassed. Standing A No. l with the Board
of Underwriters, this steamer commends herself
to shippers of Cotton and Tobacco, while her ele-
CANT finish renders her highly acceptable to the
travelling public
The DAVID WHITE will leave Nashville for
New Orleans on the first rise in the Cumberland.
For freight or passage apply on board, or to
STRATTON, CHENEY q ROY, Agents,
Octl0-tf No. II Broad Street.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
Authorized Capital, Sl,OO0,000.
10000 Shares of $50 Each.
ORGANIZATION.

ORGANIZATION.
One thousand shares of Stock having been sub
scribed, the Company proceeded to organize by
the election of the following Board of Directors;
aj.-Gen. GEO. II. THOMAS,
MAJ. -Gen. X. W. JOHNSON,
SAMUEL WATSON,
MICHAEL BURNS, q
j. w. PARRAM0RE,
e. G. GIBBS,
AID. NJ. HEFLEBOWER.
OFFICERS ELECTED BY THE BOARD:
Mai.-Gen. GEO. H. THOMAS. President
Maj.-Gen. r. w. JOHNSON, Vice President.
FELIX r. CHEATHAM, Secretary.
ANSON NELSON, Treasurer.
JOSEPH SAUDEk, Genl I'm. Agent.
THE LEADING OBJECTS OF THE COM
i PANY are to encourage immigration to our
State, and to supply the demand for every deseriP
ton Of labor.
They propose to accomplish the first of these
objects by purchasing lands, where suitable water
power CT other advantages may be had for manu-
featuring purposes; and also by purchasing lands,
in large tracts near cities, rivers and railroads.
These lands will be divided into suitable lots or
tracts and alternate tracts sold to the immigrant
at or near cost, the purchaser paying One-fourth
cash and the remainder III one, two and three
years.
The Company will also act as agent for large
landhOlders who desire to have their lands colo
niZed.
The Company proposes to supply the demand
for labor by furnishing Mechanics Gardeners, and
all description of labOrers. They will secure this
labor by being able to guarantee employment at
remunerative prices in the most healthy and
genial climate of the world, and they expect to
satisfy the employer by guaranteeing the deliver
ing of the labOrers to him at any shipping point
or railroad station. Our system for furnishing all
kinds of labor TO all parts of the State expect
to make perfect; For the detail We refer to our
circular on labor.
The profits of the Company will be derived from
the ultimate sale of the alternate tracts of lands
retained, and from the building up of villages and
towns in places adapted to that purpose, and from
the aiding of manufactures and the general deVel-
Opment of the agricultural and mineral resources
of the State and also from the direct fees derived
from the supplying of operatives.
The basis of our stock being the lands of the
Company, any imprOv ement of them must enhance
the value of the stock in the same ratio and there
by be safe and profitable investment to the
stakeholder.
The principal Office will be in Nashville, Ten
nessee. and the Company design to establish sub
agencies in every cOuHty in the State. SubscTip-
ton books are in the hands of Arson Nelson.
Treasurer Felix K. Cheatham, Secretary; and
Jos. Saudek. General Immigration Agent, who
are authorized TO receive subscriptions for the
stock Of the Company.
GEO. II. THOMAS.
Pres. Tenn. Col. i I'm. Co.
FELIX r. CHEATHAM, Secy. jnel9-tf
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09

ROMANCE IN REAL LIFE--AN UNEX-
PECTED ACCESSION OF FORTUNE
A LAMP-TRIMMER IN THE UNITED
STATES NAVY BECOMES A HUNGA-
RLAz COUNT.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
Inkf Tnkf I.k,

Seaton's Chemical Writing Fluid L be,oroing
World-renOwned for its superior quaiity. Havins
been introduced only about ak years Il has be-
come the principal IN use with those who want a
nne, BEE lowing ink. md for is psrmaneney II e
decidedly the best ink for records that can he
used FOR counting houses. banks or Schools n
Is unegailed. and needs only 10 be tried 10 Be an
everywhere.
HURLEY, RUDOLF 4 CO.. PrOp-s,or.
Corner Seventh and Green streets.
For sale b. Berry, Dem0ville x Whart0ns II L
HarwelE Litterer / Cabler; Pulliam 4 Ne(5ai-
lough; Blood dreg0ry. Nashvillas and ~ All
DrugEiss. iunei3-iydkW
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
FOR SALE OR RENT.

FOR SAAE UIt III =
u'HE BUILDING NOW 9qpO IsiIiIS .i,n l5s
~ corner Of Broad and High streets, and
nearly opposite the Nashville and Pee9t9ae IS
steilsett, - fhis or any other kind OF business,
md The owner having determined 20 remove 49,, 20
New orleans. the property will be sofa az EF'a'
SACRIFICE. Apply !" Mp. GALCRRAN.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09

LITERARY FACULY.
T. c. ANDERSON, D. D.. President.
r. BEARD, d. D.. Professor Ancient Languages
and Theology.
B. W. MCDONNOLD. D. D., Prof Mathemat-
les.
JULIUS BLAU, Prof Modern Languages.
J. W. BOYD, A. NJ, Principal Preparatory.
The course Of Study is extensive and thorough.
and the Trustees are determined to make the
University what il was before the war-the lead
ing Institution in the South.
Tuition Fees, SIS to SIS per Session.
Boarding, for all Departments, 81 TO s. per
week
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
A CARD.

We respectfully introduce to our old friends
eur successors in business, HUGH MCCREA & Co.
who continue the Commission business at our
stand, No. 2S South Market Street.
Our own Office is No. % College Street. where
we hope all parties who are indebted to will at
once call and pay their accounts now due, and all
parties who have any claims against US will pre-
sent them for payment, as we wish to close up our
business at an early day.
janl3-tf A. HAMILTON < co,
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09

HNHE UNDERSIGNED HAVING TAKEN
i the above Warehouse, will purchase and
sell Cotton, Tobacco, Bacon, Lard. or any other
Produce, on Commission. Planters faVOring us
with their business may rely on getting the high
will be as low as any house in the city. Should
our old friends favor with orders for Groceries
they may rely on having goods purchased at the
lowest market prices. We will give our attention
to goods forwarded to us from other cities. Ship
pers may rely on having their goods forwarded
pr Jmptly by the first train or boat after their
rival Our Office is on Market street, where the
old books of HUGH McCREA Il Co. can be found
by those interested.
Hoping for a share Of public patronage. we sub
scribe ourselves. etc.
janl3 HUGH McCREA & co.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
PERKINS, SWENS0N & Co.
.pNrVn

Commission Merchants,
No. - Caronao'e'' NEW ORLEANS.
q n swExsox. n. Y, late Of Austin Texas.
" X. rEEklSs' Of Perkins & Co., NO.
d. L. kkRNioA' senlS-6md&w
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
REMOVED.

WE HAVE REMOVED OUR BANKING
W OFFICE 20 the Rank u Tennessee building.
corner Of Cherry and Union streets, where We
VIII be pleased % wait on our friends and Gus
toners. A WHELBsS 4 co,
Ocf31-lW
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09

The University. before the war. numbered about
five hundred students on its Annual Catalogue.
Good Buildings for all Departments have been
secured. and the new buildings will be erected
next year. -
Opens first Monday in September, closes last
Thursday in January. Spring Term opens first
Monday in February; and closes last Thursday
in June. iy31-tO janl
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-11-09
STEAMBOATS,.
1867.
NASHVILLE. WILEY Sims, Master, Leaves
Nashville THURSDAYS. at y o'clock N.
TYRONE, ToM. HARMON, Master, leaves SAT-
URDAYS, at y o'clock 4.

The above steamers will commence their regu
lar trips on the first opening Of navigation in the
Cumberland river, and continue TO run regul arly
throughout the business season, rs per above
schedule. making close connection at Cairo with
the regular Packets for St. Louis, Memphis and
New Orleans: issuing through Tickets to Passen-
gers. and giving through Bills of Iading FOR
Freights TO the above cities. and all available way
will be made BY the Officers and Agents of this
line to render it reliable and deserving the pat
ronage Of Shippers and The Travelling Public.
CORBETT & BOYD.
Special Agents.
No. 81 Front Street-Upper Wharf, Nashville,
Tennessee. sepl1-6m.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-01-14
HEAD DaEssEs-r!iE LATEST PARI

HEAD aESSEs-TIEE LATEST PARIS
STYLES.
Atpresant. more head dresses are worn
Ia Paris than atty other description by
these are meant such things as rows Of
small curls, which are attached to
comb. and then fastened across the fore
head, and sometimes even all around the
head occasionally a scafiOldlng OF these
small curls, powdered with gold, is 20 be
seen. Then branches of long ringlets
are prepared with n comb in the
same manner, and fastened at the
back Of the head the false plaits and
twists are extremely thick, and these are
PINNED around the head to form ban
deauX. As all fashions are but iieetng,
few ladies' care 10 have their hair cut
~ as 10 be able 10 wear the short frlzZied
curls so much in vogue; consequently
with few exceptions every one submits
10 wear those already prepared ami
mounted on either combs OF ribbon BAN
delets.
The following description Of a few Of
the new STYLES may interest our readers
The DigaG Eead Drcss.-The hair is
entNined as a French twist, and ar
ranged across the forehead small
smooth bands of hair are combed at in
teryals over the cOrOnet, small curls
are worn round the iace, and gold cres-
tauts enriched with precious stones, are
f.islelied on the corOnet, and between the
bands of hair The back hairia arranged
in thick piaits luuped up with gold
comb. and a white feather at the side,
arranged ta fail low on the shoulders.
The empire head dress consists of a
curoiirt Of shert oUrls across the forehead,
Tie uurls being divided In the center by
Il band Of velvet, with interlaced hues
of either silver or gold thread upon it
2 branch of harhafies with silver foliage
al The side. lurls pinned across the
back of the head, and fastened at the
top with q gOid ;aga enamel comb.
There il another style, rather more
simple, in which the hair is turned back
from the forehead over small friZette,
and is kept u It's place with a thick gold
cord, which is carried twice around the
head, and then tied az the sides in grace
fdl bows. The hair is arranged at the
lack with q thick plaii.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-01-14

rzg- There has been considerable trepi-
lation cause'l among -four merchants by
the revelation that the amount OF -four
stored in New York amounted TO mil
lion Of barrels which is the largest guam
iity ever in that city at this time Of year.
II o Information created general fear
that the prices would shortly decline, and
desire 60 ship was the consequence.
Many ship loads were Offered for Europe,
but the rates demanded by ship owners
were considered 80 high that bat few car
goes were shipped.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-01-14

RST During the past year one hundred
and seventy-one personshave been killed
in New York city by being run ever.
During the sameperiod, one hundred and
sixty-three persons were drowned in the
city, and sixty-two killed, mostof which
were outright murders.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-01-14

a. There was lively time at Glas-
COW, Mo, among the coloFed citizens,
Christmas. Several rOwsoccurred among
them, when the city authorities interfered,
bat their effort at restoring order was 50
sioully resisted that but one arrest was
made, and the negroes interfered, and
took the party arrested from the hands
0f the sity Marshal. Theoity authorities
were forced TO acknowledge themselves
overowered, and abandoned further at
tempts Ak interfering, Several negroes
made stump speoches-one of them en-
tertaining the multitude for about an
hour lie said the shackles were broken
aud they were free-that the time for
action had arrived, and that all the loyal
people should be allowed to vote.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-01-14
80 or AnTERTIsINe..

One urra-- one insertion g 2 - =.
= each additional insertion ~
two weeks y
fua mouth H
ne- An sl,,-..rt i-.-uI-uts considered due after
liz irsL Insertion -s... q.
aa- f5Ight lines OF solid uonTiareil cousliilie 8
square. -. s-.-r., ST..
rs- An advertisements In tle 7l-'5eiH Noliee
rrIzIr,7T5 ygIll D. charged ~ ,eHis per iiite
80 daFriase alidi death uaiiees Po'i--iieu a.
nft-r ailVerlls-Iltnts-
So An advert slIllests ~ fsel f,r = si't
cl.-.g t5rHa Will be Discontinued at tiie cad Ct
go I'M ss..vert fsenenfs for The Appesl must
A. handed iu 81 the Clerk g de>E.
Hs- T-ssliz.rsl algs51scsssuts mas D. paid Toe
o. sl-gls-9rr.
So 80 advertisement viii sprear In The
Weekly paper. uuleSs by special contract.
80 sIfr-HfI5arlents o. he inserted in the
weekly payer only. or si irregular Intervals %
either 1f The papers, VAL n- etii, )4s-4 81 pr
saltar- hlr each Gli eveiy insertion.