The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-06-20

OF the constitution OF the United States ALL or any OF
legislatures 70 be valid 70 I'll infants and purposes -
parts Of the constitution" Thai Congress willing 70
II not able TO procure the whole They thought and in
that submit they but conformed 20 the letter and the
spirit Of the smendaiory clause Of the constitution
that the people have the right 70 pass severaly
on any proposed amendments This course OF our
fathers however, 10 departed from and the result
ments though some may be approved wl be ratified.
This will certainly be the result unless the states are
s
nized statesman and aimportantto ther Interest and
secnrtythe right 70 regulate the franchise IN all their
There are too some general observations that bear on
the subject to which we will now reier:-First one OF
the resolutions Of the Chicago Convention, by which
Mr. Lincoln was nrst nominated FOR the Presidency.
says shat the maintenance, involac OF the rights OF
the States essential 10 the balance Of power on which
the prosperity and endurance Of political fabric de
pends In his inaugural address Of the 4h March, 1851
which received the almost universal approval OF the
people, among ohef things he said no STATE OF s own
notion can lawfully get OF the Union" and that
in the view OF the constitution and the laws the Union
is unbroken and TO the extent OF my ability shall take
me- that the laws Of the Union be faithfully executed
in all the Satcsn Second--Actual conflict ensued. the
South, was believed misapprehended the purpose OF
the government in carrying It on and Congress deemed
it important TO dspo that misrepresentation BY declaring
their passing the Crttenden resolution The vote in the
House 119 for and against It, and In the Senate 20
for and against IT. The design to conquer or subugae
the States is in the strongest terms thus dsclamed Ind
the only avowed object asserted TO be ITO defend and
maintain the spirit of tho constitution and TO preserve
the Union and the dignity equality and rights Of the
several States unmpared Congress- too by the act OF
July 49, 1861 empowered the President 70 declare Dy
States the instruction existed In state Of In
surrecon against the United States and theroupon TO
declare call commercial Intercourse by and between the
same by the citizens thereof and the citizens Of the
United states shall and be unlawful $50 long
such condition Of hostilities shall continue Here Also
avid dcalu vii
and 10 in the Union. II seeks to keep Them In
by orbddng commercial intercourse between their citi
gems and the citizens OF tho other States long, and
long only insurrectionary hostility shall continue
That ended they TO be as 1t r entitled 70 the same
intercourse with citizens Of other states that tnoy en-
act the resolution Of the same month tho dignity,
equality and rights Of such States the insurrccton
ended were not to be held in any respect impaired
The several procamations Of amnesty issued by Mr. Lin
coin and his successor under the authority OF Congress-
are also inconsistent with the idea ,nat the parties IN
stored to all rights belonging 10 thcm as citizens A.
power pardon is 70 restore the offender to the
pardoned It is now setteld that pardon removes not
only the punsments but all the legal disability conse
guent on the crime Z BAG 4 y. Tt Par Bishop on
The amnesty declared would be but false pretence
If be held TO leave the parties who have avaed
tion they would have been in II they had rejected IT,
Such result 1t Is thought would DO foul blot on the
good Of tne In ns emf STATE o. sas
mslead legislatures already elected think that the
matured sense Of the people Is not likely 70 be ascer-
submission existing State legislatures If should be
done at all the submission should either be TO legislatures
hereafter 70 90 eoted OF 70 o. ane people
mode but they have selected neither. IL may be sub
mittcd legislatures already in existence, whose mem
bers heretofore elected with no view to the consd
Grafton of such measure and II may consequently BIO
adopted though majority Of the people Of the States
mn n or
most Objectionable. Upon the whole, therefore,
whether regard be had TO the nature or the ers Of the
ing the instruction, or TO the course OF the
judicial departments, or to the conduct of the Execu
ern states are States in tho Union and entitled every
right and privilege belonging TO the other Staee II any
portion Of their citizens be dsloyal not able
take any OF Office that has been may DO constltu
tionay prescribed is questionrcspectke Of the right
Of the States 70 be represented Against the danger
whatever that may be- Of the admission OF dsloya or
disqualified members into the House or Senate, IA in
the power each branch to provide by refusing such ad
mission Each by tho constitution is made the judge Of
the election returns and qualifications Of its
bcrs No other department can interfere with It. It's
decision concludes all others The only corrective when
error committed Is TO be found in the responsibility
Of the members the people. But II II believed by the
undersigned be the clear duty Of each house respcc
who has been elected according to the CONSTITUTIONAL
laws Of the State and who 10 able and willing 10 sub
scribe 70 the oath required BY const isutiona law
for Congress TO waive all formaties and 10 admit
those Confederate states At once trusting that time and
experience would set all things right II 10 not there
fore owing 10 want OF constitutional power that u 10
DONE II Ia not because such States are not States
with form: Of es o. Sc
diency alone The st that Of safety, we have already
considered, and, think, proved II 70 bo without
encys We think not On the contrary. In judgment
their admission called for by the clearet cxpediency
miles, an area larger than that Of i've Of The leading ma
OF Europe They have coast line OF three Ihou-
sand miles, with an internal water line including the
Mississippi, Of about thirty six Thousand miles. Their
agricultural products in 1850 about $500 900 900 in
value and their population 664 $50 Their staple pro-
ductlons are of immense and growing importance and
are almost peculiar TO that region. That tho North
IL deeply interested in having such country and people
restored TO all the rights and privileges the constitution
Affords no man, not blinded by mere party con-
slderations not victim Of dsordering prejudice
for moment doubt such restoration is also nccos
tant but vital 10 the potential wealth which that portion
OF our country capable or IL cannot otherwise be
fully deseopcd Every hour OF Illegal political restraint
gave denied Is not only IN political but material
OF great injury TO the North well 10 tho South
The southern planter works for hIs Northern brethren
well for himself HIS labors heretofore Injured as
much, II not MORE TO their advantage as TO his While
harmony IN the past between the sections gave TO the
whole prosperity. power and rcnown
OF which every citizen had reason to be proud
the restoration Of such harmony will immeasurably
increase them ALL Can H. viii II, be restored as long
the South is kept In political and dishonorng bondagey
And can II not VIII IL not DO restored by an opposite
poiicyf by admitting the cunstl-
tuton by dealing with her citizens equals and
brothers, as Interiors aud enemies. Sucn course
this will We are certain, be seen 20 hind them heart
and to the UDon and inspire them With confidence
in lis government by making them feel thai all cnmiy
is forgotten and that justice being done to them The
result Of such policy we believe VIII at once make
In very truth people a. happy prosperous and
powerful existed nj any period 81 time, Willie
It's opposite will keep divided, inurously affect the
particular and general welfare citizen and government
and long persisted in but result In danger to the
ton In the words Of an eminan, British statesman now
MORE IA tree constitution and large exclusion from
its benefits subsst together the constitution will
destroy them, they will destroy the constitution" II
is hoped that. needing the warning, we shall guard
against the peril by removing ts cause.
The under gncd have not thought II necessary 10
amino INTO the legality Of the measures adopted either
by the late the present President for the restoration
OF the Southern Saics II sufficient for their purpose
say thai IL those Of President Johnson not justified
by the constitution the may a. least be said Of
those Of his Predecessor. We deem such examination
TO be unnecessary, because however might result the
people Of the several States, who possessed, AZ We
have before SAID, the exclusive right 10 decide for
themselves what constitution they should adopt,
have adopted thpss constitutions under which
thcy respectively 1--we. The motives OF neither,
-