New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-21

else the elective franchise With all Difference to the
opinions OF Others be thought these men haf no business
before Congress but to plead for pardon. lie woud pay 70
these fallen chiefs the tribute due To men who were brave
in bad cause and he would give them the privilege 10
live and die in unmoested obsouty. The Governments
of the insurgent States should DO recognized py
and maintained in the hands Of men sincerely
LOYAL, and this could only be reached by requiring
as conditions precedent 10 restoration his that the
civil and military leaders OF the Rebellion who natu-
rally create and direct the public opinion Of the South,
shall be made ineligible 10 office under the United States
Government second, that the nights OF the freedmen and
the safety Of the Government be secured BY granting SUI
fage 20 the liberated Withholding Il Temporarily nom
the dsoyal third that the elective franchise and an
equal distribution OF political power sha De projected Dy
decrease in the basis Of representation, where impartial
suffrage denied by such proportion OF the "hoe pop
uaton as the DISTINGUISHED males above u years Of age
bear TO the whole male population above ,ha age, ~ re
gard 10 the coorcd people OF the South lie thought thee
could be- little danger from giving political neht 70 race
doce and apt learn Il seemed 20 him that IN view
Of their loyalty and humanity "nd tIayery during me
War that that legitimate result Of the War, and
that 10 withhold il would be violation Of the gratitude
the honor ard the pghted faith Of the republic But he
would not insist on biz views nor maze 1s convIcuons
an obstruction TO the restoration Of cordial UNION ana
fraterna intercourse with the South Congress must ask
nothing and accept nothing os than what - nece
sary the future peace and safety 81 the country Inc SUI
fage ofcoored men, though limited by intelligence ana NIL
tay service would undoubtedly be offensive and hni-
ang the South, for il would conflict with PRIDE OF caste
and with their settled convictions that poca suDoru
nation is the dvinely appointed CONDITION Of DeA men,
The policy Of Congress should be 10 punish the leaders,
but TO elevate and inspire with confidence the masses
who had been cheated or forced INTO the Rebellion. ii
we were 10 be one people the deep, dark ohasm which
had opened in our history, which had puzzled the skill Of
the wses must be spanned by frank AID manly conees-
sons and mutual forbeauce until the growth OF other
times should have obliteacd the hod breadth In con-
cuson he said to belongs the duty OF assuring the
safety and perpetuy OF the Union Let IS do our WORK
in the spirit OF Christian charity and in our admiration
Of men Of noble nature and heroic mold who dared to
stand ike heroes at the threshold Of their hearthsones IN
defense Of bad and wicked cause, LEI us forget our
wrongs and foster spirit Of patriotism and OF brother
hood which shall embrace every State and every citizen IN
broad and seagrt domain Hch n It's mountains ana
rich its plains blessed in it, climate and blessed IN It's
Nh Ross H. next addressed the House. The first and
greatest of the political issues before tie country was the
restoration # the Union with amcabe and iraena reia-
tious between it's different sections The objects for
which the was prosecuted had been authontatvey
enunciaed by resolutions of Congress- and on that plat
form acquosced in by every department OF the Govern
uent Tie Rebellion had been suppressed peace restored
and the Union maintained Amnesty had begun to give
way sectional pickering to be hushed, confidence to re-
yye and the Executive had nauguTaed and was success
fully carrying out policy for ciy authority when com
mcndel Itself the country and the civilized world at the
time when Congress convened These bright visions and
hopes had received rude he
Speaker Of the House in bis SeIeIade Speech sounded
the keynote of opposition to the restoration OF the Union
in the phrase that Congress should make haste slowly
The sentiments enuncated in that carefully prepared
speech by one of the abest and most distinguished
OF his party, had ioresbadowed uDmistakably the
purp0se TO thwart the Executive in his policy for the
restoration OF the | mon. lie beueVtd tLaJ tuc he
construction Committee created for the purpose OF
preventing restoration, and thus iar 1t had successfully
carried out the objects and purposes ior when II Was
the restoration Of the Union, and the Union would never
be restored long that Committee had the power to
prevent IT, lie was not disappointed IN the action Oh the
Committee. According 10 al parliamentary rules ana
usagcs (, should have been constructed with majority
favorable 20 the object with which II was specially In
trusted lie feared that the orphan child Of reconstTuc
tion would never receive much DouIshment from the
breast of lis unnatural unfriendy mother Like military
courts MARTIAL the Committee had been organized to con
Wet rs object had been 10 discover and destroy not 10
restore and build up. The Southern people had committed
great crror ana were guilty OF great wrong N Wagg
war against benifeent Government and they had been
greatly Inundated and severely punished In herpenury
and enteuce they asked 10 come back lie was frank
TO saw that be had 10 heart 10 turn his back upon the
returning peuent. Ii there were sun roots OF bitterness
sprinRing up in the hearts OF the southern peo
pie the surcs and most expeditions way 20 eradicate them
wa by Justice tempered with mercy Two antagonlsuc
paus radically different pending before Congress
and the country Those were3hTst the plan q the Com
queTed Provinces and public enemies, ana 10 be taxed
without representation and governed ~ arbitrary force
S,cOndIhe plan OF the President mat tDe ordinances
Of Secession were void; that the States still live and are
in the Union; that taxation without representation Is
against the genius Of our Governments that ay elect
ed loyal representatives should be admitted TO their seats
in Congress On these issues lie could not doubt as TO ms
duty aud should cordially support the restoration policy
OF the Administration IN preference 70 TIE destructive
policy Of Congress One would build up; the other would
DESTROY One was lfe-the other death TO the nation.
PROTECTION.
Mr. NEWELL j. addressed tie House il favor Of such
an increase of the tar will tend 10 protect and develop
the manufacturing interests OF the country. lie showed
that in no instance free trade the absolute rule in any
nation. On the contrary, true civilization sought to build
up native industry as the parent seeks 10 instruct the
child in the necessary means TO gam hvehhood. Ma
ona art should be protected and sered by the Govern
ment the individual act by the parent The history OF
civilization was nothing but series of steps by which
had subdued nature TO the uses OF society under the
Of
grew older the duties of the central authority became
varied and more protective The doctrine that that
the best Government which governs least ne regarded
fallacy and contrary TO all experience either as re-
CARDS this OF any other nation. Alexander Hamlltons
was the true idea Of government IN contradiction a
of that of Jefferson. The latter tends toward
State rights and Secession: the former toward
national unity and power The idea OF Jefferson
had been fought out to the last resort that of war ITSELF
the idea of Hamilton survived the war Of the rebel
lion and was the only safety Of the country. lie looked
upon merely agricultural country as being only in the
first stage Of national existence, manufactures being
necessary develop its resources, 10 vary empoyments
and thus 10 afford the means Of giving every man an OPP
portunity TO follow the bent Of his genius. Artificial
kc natural lc requires variety in order TO its more per-
feet development. The internal trade Of the country
more valuable by millions than the foreign free trade pre-
sented but two eyentuaies TO the American people;
either under il they must see their manufactures DESTROYED
or else their mechanics must work for the starvation
wages OF Europe. The result in either would be
revolution. The American mechanic must have the COM
forts and even Injuries of lfe Agriculture is the great
ccllrdl H"'N
its planet revolve around it, its benefits would become
dsspated in empty space The burden OF taxation would
fall on the foreign manufacturer aud on the realized wealth
of this country This the case in Great Britain The
manufacturing districts of the Union now paid over three
ourths of the internal revenue, while protection Is no
greater than beyre this driving many manufactures
such as Steel potteree from the field The food OF for
eign imporaOns also tending to delange the finances
of the country. Imports were increasing While exports
were decreasing The sale Of United States bonds in Eu
ropc was now paying the balance Of trade against us.
These bonds should be retained az home or y and by the
drain Of spece 10 pay interest them would be like
trac,ing the leblood from the national body Protect
American industry, and foreign capitalists would be forced
10 cnme 10 this country 10 spendA ed for their