New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-11-27

, with force equal the expansive power Of the steam
N be boiler less amount expended in running Tic engine
Inc ON the outside we're sufficient to force the huge
ynrr many feet into the hard b1e clay Wc 1ils Wy ~
o9a have been The operation Of exoayans aud allow
nc the cylinder 10 settle ri its own weight when was snoP
M The shore shaft OF the tunnel would have scacey "ohI
WORK IN THE TUNNEL.
The foregoing account has explained the mode Of vonsc
ing shafts, opposite starting pmhs q NE tuhu
We to the construction OF the tunnel tse-e con
necon 81 these shafts by shlesTaRnean circular pas
sage Of enduring masonry miles IN length Oitet hui o
Wien the cylinder lad been driven the clay TO its
proper position the work Of constructing t outer shan was
carried on ana finished IN nanhyl peS S descrird
bottom Of the East end ONer shaft OF The tunnel
the bed Of the lake and the bottom ace Of the tunnel slopes
uniformly 10 the shore shaft at the rate Of ieet per mic 30
that whenever repairs necessary and the inlet gates are
closed the water be entirely pumped out az the West end
From the Of each shaft narrow railroad track was ex
carving one and ahaf yards OF earth drawn by mules
section Of the tunnel brought to either sha e eah as
was e1cayated the with It's contents was olsted
awindlas connected with an engine memDes IA
each section Of the tunnel left at work each drawing two
trains Of TO the shaft taking out the c anu olghs
back brick cement and other mntera ChamusIS anu luf
tables convenient distances allowed tho trains to
pass on their way gong or coming ana tncre Sn Vd ~
terestng feature in the construction OF hes gigantic unueh
nations down deep under the water Lake Michigan The
railroad had at times its human freight Tor General urHt nun
self distinguished passenger TO rde through hete
In The nnc two classes Of workmcn were employed namely
miners and brckayers each Of whom worked separately IN
gangs i've each In tunneng one OF the miners went aau
and ran regular drift IN the center 81 e no o sovcd
and broke down the sides OF the drit Another following
trimmed mn the work 10 the proper shape and size while the
other two loaded the Each car going to the shan WIN
load brought back load of brick ana cement ana e
mnsons followed only few feet behind the miners
Tho contractor employed about hundred and twenty five
the work upon the tunnel These men were Slueu ~
three watches rcies changed every eight hoprs me &
was pushed forward night and day the only cessation Deng
nom IL clock each Saturday night until l2o clock on the sun
day night following except few occasions when the miners
uBfarthed JET Of nhammabe gas or hssure win wafer
whose Eruption was certain at once TO spead disnH hus
shaft But very Fortunately for the success Of the great enter
Prise Of these ruPhons let in ans considerable BODY oil
An ingenious mode OF ventilation adopted to to
the miners steady current Of fresh air and carry OH all oi
YapOrs.
The crib already described Is Temporary structure No
win soon give place 20 massive pile OF masonry WHEN
win protect the cylindrical shaft ana meose me e.
gates by which the supply Of water will be regulated The
nbbe placed the water tight compartments OF the cI9
will be removed from one compartment az nm, anu %
stone will then laid back hydraulic cement the masonry
rising several feet above water series Of massive blocks
of granite boed and cramped together with iron bar and
rude stone moced in such manner as TO prevent the
displacement Of without the displacement OF AL In ms
manner each Of the compartments viii be replaced
by the most enduring masonry which when entirely completed
with it's numerous bolts and bars running IN every dntGon
and firmly binding the whole together IT not unreasonable 20
suppose will resist for countless ages the heroc gales OF Lake
Michigan The top Of Their structure van n WIN
permanent lighthouse constructed and maintained at the eA
pense of the city IN conformity TO recent aei OF
HOW The WATER Is LET INTO TIE TUSNII OR SHUT OFF,
There openings gates through the cylinder OF the
the surrounding masonry wheh they VII 9c eoeIeu ~
iron gatngs and capable OF being closed by gates easily ope
ated by ingenious combination of iron rods levers ana
wheels Gates will aso be placed upon the openings through
the cylinder so that each Of these passages Tor me hge,s
inlet gates opening i've feet long and four feet VIDE
the openings i've feet from the bottom oil me aA
another Ten and the third fifteen feet Each different
side This arrangement viii afford the pnest OF water AZ a
despite storm and regardless OF The dfeeuoh Z" he
"'"D rnE QUALITY OF THE wArER.
Repeated analyses Of taken at different seasons from
of
conclusive that Chicago will have by means Of TINS great
public improvement puer and better ,oar dan hat supplied 70
anu Other ety ~ ME United States AT the distance Of even
one mile the water IL contaminated by TIE
most violent and the water IN its natural quality
sngary free from impurities animal vegetable matter
Its eryake ceanes equal that taken from the purcsi
spring aud silver coin dropped into The waves CLEAN ana
glsten deep down into It's transparent depths
A REMARKABLE PACT.
II is worthy Of note as remarkable fact that during ihe
progress Of this work period Of two and half yeas no,
single accident has beiaen any OF the Eorkmen ui hs au
spcious circumstance maIred by single dced OF
tragedy factta in us unhappy consequences TO one hu
workmen engaged angry quarrel with cowoIker in
FRENZY Of passion for which indeed there the legal lsih
cation Of severe ovocaiion seized PICK and struck lm
dead
s3I5 $50 provision that in oil changes in construction
required by the Board Of Public Works The contractors shall
made hen gold stood at 40 and before there had
Since that and during whole period the work has been IN
progress both the ct Of material and the wages OF labor have
actual work has been greatly In excess Of the con
tract price and taking into consideration numerous items Of
expenditure W neither the Board Of Public Works nor
the contractors themselves IL is than probable that
tOOOO win the real expense OF the Undertaking Inc
contractors twice made vigorous effort 10 obtain III
creased compensation ed each time by Of the IN
Willingness authorities the desired recn the
completion the work Among oil classes Of citizens there
desire deal justly With thec0ntnctos TO whose enterprise ana
undaunted er they much for the vigorous prosecution
OF the work in the face Of nnumeabe and meghy obstacles
II estimated that far from the contractors losing any
MONEY not only will they receive full and adequate
ton their entire expenditure but also retire from the
undertaking with profit Of 10000 Including recent
Water Works and necessary hna work
Of the entire mprOy ement viii be not far
that is trivial indeed compared
Of the works Of New Ork Boston Pha
delpha Baltimore and many other cities tunnel two miles
length under Lake Michigan and the construction Of
foundation for lighthouse % the outer end which
Of centuries u undertaking
Of which realize the magntude0n enterprise beside
which O. 100 OOO IL very little money