The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1866-11-24

The meeting was finally called to order, and
the favoriCe song, the "Union WagonD was
sung; aftsr which the President introduced
| longed applause. =.
Mr.. Phlllips said that the first point he took
was, tnat the public we're accustomed to look
20 ~ Our organization, to ascertain the philosophy
stone OF their Government is State rights; 4. is
! upon this point around which the whole South
eIn me revoves The North believes in an inn
paIual level, that all men are equal before the
! law. (Applause.) In the South they do not
! oeheve in any such thing, but substitute aris-
! tocfacy for equality. For this the South was
willing to do anything; rather than give up this
idea they would suffer or run the risk of anni-
hllaton; in fact, they, it would seem, would
serve il.
When Lee surrendered to Grant, the military
power OF the South was entirely DESTROYED, and
the people there we're disheartened and terror
stricken; their great leader fed, and the mer-
chants, planters, and capitalists there were
almost ready to accept the idea OF humiliation.
Every man who resided in Richmond, Mobile,
and other parts of the South accepted that sur
render rs the destruction of their civilization.
But when Andy johnson fell back--a man whose
aihnl'ies were low habits and low thoughts
When ne gave them his right hand of fellowship,
they certainly would not have been consistent
with their former wel-cherished ideas if they
refused to make an effort 20 save as much of the
OLD opinion as possible, and to-day she rallies
under be old and exploded idea of State sove-
reignty as much as she can. Battles never con-
vert ANYTHING; the only true conversion
must come through God; then il will be
thorough and lasting, because il will be the
development OF justice and truth. This genera
ton must pass away; it will be in its grave
before the great question shall be brought to a
Dnal issue The men down South are this day
as reckless, as defiant and reyengeful and their
effort is to save as much of the solid
land as they can. Now what is to be done
You must plant in the South the seed of the
great principle that men must be equal before
the law but you cannot take four millions of
slayes-ignorant, despised, down-trodden-and
make them at once intelligent citizens, intel
lectually and morally, as the educated masses
Of the Mouth.
This point narrows itself down to a social
problem, that must have clear, cool, dispas-
slonate consideration. Our means of solving
thls problem are insufficient. 1t cannot be
solved in a hurry. Its solution must come
very gradually. We have now learned that by
the right arm of the Federal Government we
can make the seed bear fruit in three years that
under other circumstances 1t would have taken
thirty years. 1t has the power to make it
grow as If it were planted under tropical
sky-this at least is my philosophy. This
can be done by education, manhood, truth,
iorelgn emigration; and until this is done
ne would not admit the South TO have repre-
sentatlon IN Congress. The North forty wears
ago settled her policy in regard to the right
OF suffrage That policy Is simply based
upon manhood and brains; and you might as
restore the South without these very essential
quahncatons. 1t may be said of us that up
yonder the ignorant Irish control the ballot
box. Suppose they do; we do not stop them
from exercising the right of suffrage No but
we build schoolhouses and we put the ignorant
lrlsh INTO them; we give them education; we do
not take away their manhood because they are
ignorant. He (the speaker) did not like the
FTeedmen's Bureau altogether; ii is an instltu-
ton supported by Northern capital and the
held OF ITS operations is as tar South as Florida.
lie would rather have every white man in
Florida to be q schoolmaster. 1t was Ignorance
that made the Rebellion formidable. 1t was
that which made the ignorant masses of the
south yield willing obedience to their mas
ters; but II shall never be again. Gap
plause.) Education shall be placed on such a
nrm basis that no class shall remain ignorant
either white or black. (Applause.) In Gods
providence we shall solve the social problem,
that OF taking up the broken pieces of an old
civilization, to make perfect a new order of
things Now, this is stupendous work. 1t can
not be done in hurry. The great fault OF the
Democracy is that they are too much in a hurry
and whether the proposed amendment to the
Constitution is passed or not, South Carolina is
a Territory of the United States, no matter
what seal the National Government puts upon
1t. What is the South? Its leading inhabitants
were capable of one thing that was un-
manly; they could appropriate the wages
of labor of others to their own use;
he would simply call this stealing. Now,
men who could readily do sucn "a thing
should be regarded with suspicion. We should
scan them well. We should be a little care
tul how we shake hands with them. If they
should be admitted into the councils of the
nation, they would be mean enough to cheat;
therefore, they should not be entrusted with
power. 1t is said this is question of honor,
and as such they should be received as brethren.
He would not trust to their honor; for there was
no honor among them. (Appause) In crisis
such as now exists in the country, we should
have one grand, concentrated idea, as a test of
loyalty. England has hers, France has hers in
a Napoleon, Russia has hers in the Car, and
we IN this land of America have what is called
the Constitution, which was founded on the
Declaration OF Independence the funda-
mental principles OF which are equality,
brains, and manhood. ,(Applause.l These
single idea, and then this idea should be
the test of loyalty. He cared not what idea the
mObOcrat at the White House entertained in
regard to the Constituton-he cared nothing
in particular about him, whether he was PresI-
deLt for short term or for life if he would
only be like Queen Victoria; let him reign but
not govern. The newspapers this evening say
he has surrendered to the expressed views of
Congress and the people OF the North. Suppose
he has, "he is too late-too late"
There were some organizations South in which
certain persons could not be trusted until the
third generation. He would not trust the
Southerners until the fifth generation. II you
live on madder you will look like madder it
will be in your bones as well as In your flesh.
daughter and applause.)
Andy johnson has not the capacity of states
man; he is ignorant; he has not the mental nor
the moral capacity to lead the great people OF
the North: we must keep HIM up stairs in the
attic, If il be necessary 10 pension him with
the next Presidency, let us take the sceptre
from his hand; let the people, through their
legal representatives, weld the power; let them
be the foundation of the whole fabric of our
Government. The men to lead in this are those
who have always believed in our policy OF self
government, education, manhood, and Justice.