, 1866-06-01

fcrino were fresh on mems lips, the QuadrilaI-
cfai, or the defensive square of Austrian Italy,
was familiar word to American readers.
The Threatened outbreak Of hosiilities be.
tween Austria md Italy, has invested this
small patch Of the carth's surface with new
interest. The Lombardo- Vcncttan Kingdom,
as II existed prior 10 the treaty of Villafrnnca,
embraced an area Of about SEC square miles,
aud population Of 5,0SS,7:a,0 souls. After
the treaty OF Flllattauca the greater part Of
Lembardy was ceded to Sardlnfa. The new
boundary Inc between the Austrian and sas-
dlnlan territories runs from Pcschicra, which
remained In the possession oi Austria, in
straight line along the Mincio, to I,e Grazic,
on the western shore OF tho Lake Of Nlantun.
and further on beyond Scorzarola to Luzzara.
on the river 70. Scorzarola is situated at the
confluence Of the Oglio and the Po, md Luz
cara Is situated where the Po leaves tue bor-
der of Modcna. The larger portion OF tho
province Of Mantua was consequently scpara-
ted from Lomlardy.
The area Of this separated part was csti-
mated by DR.. Flicker, sccretury OF the Aus
trim Ministry, ut twenty three square miles.
Its population amounts 10 about Is, ,0oD Iu-
habitants Consequently, Austrian italy IT..
tanned 457 square miles, with a.452 ST" inlab.
itants, and Sardinia took $50 square n,ilcs,
with ,G}5 ,90T inhabitants.
Previous to the outbreak Of the last Ita1iau
war, SO disastrous 10 Austria, MIR. W. Streu-
bel published work entitled, "Thc Military
Weakness Of France as Regards Germany
which Is based on extensive studies, aud has
excited much attention. 1t described the
Italian sent Of war at that time md the sur-
rounding countries, md also showed that all
the con1uests which the allies France and
sardinia} had then made were Of prccarious
nature, and that The Austrians in their great
military Quadrllateral, after tue losses sus-
lalned, Ind more chauccs for defence than
their opponents had for an attack-an opinion
which Louis Napoleon evidently also enter.
iaincd, aEd which prompted him speedily to
seek treaty of peace. The remarks OF AIR.
| Strrubcl nsc applicable likewise to the pres
cnt state Of ntlalrs. We translate for our
| readers that portion which relates to the
tuadri.niernl, together with few iutrodnc-
t"ry remarks concerning the deicnces oi the
! Tyrul.
| 4.1kr naDcrou: aod well fortified pssses IN the
7yro1 eacel,e,.ly adapted to the contingencies
ot 20 sib!e retFca* uf the Auelrfsns from Upp;r
laly. II may be ol>sercd that thr Anssisns have
Hct G:fd their eyes upna The most favorable no ST.
Iil,s5cs alone. Even If :hey should be def.aied In
The hc!d and shon1d in consequence OF the loss Of
Nc7oha. lie driven out ofther:,o5t importan: fo.tl
nGa'ion and fels back On the Tyrol her most pow
slfu oppons ut "oufd have tu overcome iucselibt
'iEcul1tcs in making further ADVANCE IA that di
rec ION. To say The lsast Tbs ldvsnce eonld ocy
lc made 9radusly, and would b. accompanied w1:b
terc1c ba1tcs fought under circumstance. axttemA
I. favorable for The defence, tha, Austria woao
Eain time to throw ncw forces on the thc.tre Of
war Above all. thr almost nSincbIc Notifications
fht'.Aclscs ov-r The Tyrol. 1eschIcra, Le:oayo
Nsopo aud Palmanoya indeed fort fled position.
tu' they Viii Ordinarily bc of little importance 70
Str ns The prnercst Of The wnr In those countries
conctrusd be extent OF 'ieec pnccs L but small.
ant! their capacities for defence Pesebe1a Ia
superior to the others. Tits place Il. 70 to speak
aE advanced posi- OF Verona. II Ihcrc,orc con.
'situies something tovarl hiockndiug the Etscl,
Gtht and also covrts tho r1.ht flank Of the Ans.
iian., II they Want to defend the Mincio aud The
passage through the Wiley Of the E,sch. A,
festhic1a there Is stationed email lotlla for the
pu1rnte OF controlling Lake Gurda,
i" "Msntua aud Verona are Two fortified position.
or tic Aus'r1sns. lhc Importance Of which cannot
H oscsrated Mantua IS situated In Il small lake
tofucd by The N1nc;o. which Il QUE
and half ml1s long and ono
quarter OF mile Nldc, aud Is intc1tccted by
several d,Ecs. On The uorh side OF thr foslifca.
son up 10 The CITADEL the country is covered with
phich cen easily be flooded. extend westward and |
sou1hv ard. There arc only two man enhances.
over long canseways, leading into the fertilization.
which hAs extensive ontcr wosks. On The lake
shere Will also be kept email aotiIla and even
irdiferently defended The place can only be con.
lucfpd by starvation.
'"VeEona lies upon ho,h shores of the Etsch, and
is Ct closed BY line strong works, which ftrm
great cam7 for 50, G0 to 20 tu men. The tlistuhec
ION reruna TO Mantra Is five miles, that nom
Verona 10 Pcschlc.a three mitc4. and thu, from |
Pcsrhic1a to Danfna four miles ard half. Urou
this tpace the attention Of all will finally he con.
cra'sated, when attack upon Lombardy shall Ie
made from the west or sonh.
'Of these lWo cheF forilhratsons Afantpa il The
slronges', hut Verona The more important in a |
siEatcE1c1l point OF view. Maetu4 and pesch1rfa
s~1d an excellent support n defending the Minclo
Sctora Ii loE both places magnificent cca,ra, |
uini- and ri The same time uy controls rte Es.ch
ssr}. hsn'un and Pcschicra alone Will neither
ncrrnt 'hc crossing Of the MincIo nor of the
ncichuorsrg 20, but the whole position posscssc-
>urh formidable Strength that even tut most de-
mo1al,xcd army could lung resist greatly aup rior
iorce. Verona. a'e1 all. iors the cenrc OF tho de-
| fchtr. Mautua may be sncsihced 10 the cnr1uy.i
| u, tTfzhcs to surround and bes,egc 1t. II V-roua
:. used In the Eanucr mcnttoaru. the c:.cmy mn,
f'ceieae Tcschiera with his whole !orcc- al; thi.
a!osa> tEnum, table chsncca for dctcuce, hut not
ore Tor attack. Tie possession Of Pcscllcra does
| no cv. permit The opponent 10 tank the position
u fe1oIa II ihe defenders utlhcre to the ro.iior
between Verona. Petc,,tcra and Msntua, the aasai
nit il necessarily compelled to undertake
difficult and tedious sccc, the
successful termination OF which. L. only
III acinatl under byp thesis al,occthcs in1dra.-
| sinc, and which Mon:A moet certainly Involve
| :iruriic fosscs. Bill besides, ut tho.e paiu..
| Nond rot have The importance ,o7 the cneuy
,hct they had for the lcles.dts-.
"As loIG as th,s position Is in the hauhs Of
Ausfs1., nobody can hoa<t OF ar:ns tho master o,
lhe territories OF the Adrlatic Sea. the ro and III
'he 1ic1no, end NIL the coHque=ts ss the enc u.
in thst country arc r1ocaron>, and comparable to
tefticcalc oF deb. !askirc signature.
"Auetria possesses but few por!s III for the re.
.cri'ou OF Of ships Of The lol raby vcll for
sl'!ca l'aibo7 oi Venice ncco,nes mort aud NOR.
shallow. Ecsioes this. Trieste, Ca,t:ru. K,susa
| Z1va and fo!a arc the only onsy one. that co1iG
-et,c ssorot,s, Tsir affords but lf'tle scctr>
:raiEst s'orns and hostile attacks, while tattaro.
sta.usa and Zs7a afford loo limited accommodations
Gut Fl Il enjoys very spacious and well fortified
hnrbsr This point Il, moreover, cxcel1cntIr
adapted for the reception al ,he !Aust1iau fee, ard
bas al.o. like trieste, The ad.aEta:.c OF bel T. To-
ca:et in tserman Territory.
lllc Ausarians arr continually At work Eort,fy.
il r their tcacoast. Although thi~ is measure
'.ica'r by necessity, ii would nevertheless b. ,tlc
| 10 suppose that In case OF TIC onthrcak OF war
with FIaucc, ker fleet. fty lines larger than 1hs,
of Austria Could be kept from making frequent de-
-cent. OF the rsggtu shores of the Aurta.fc, 20
d;ficul1 to defend, when assis cd by land io.cc.
iron occap, in: some portion OF the coast. Bat
tis would not cccl,c tho contest"
A Southern View OF tlsc Nature OF tho
Rebellion.
1'numerablc suits are being brought it the
Southern, courts TO enforce specific perform