Daily Davenport Democrat. [volume] (Davenport, Iowa) 1864-1874, 1866-08-21
THE PHILADELPHIA CONVENTION.
Able speech or a COnscrva-
tive Republican.



tive Republican.
senator pooIsstic. Of Wisc"u>tiis
on tisc Crisis.
W. rive iwlow nm able speech Of Senator
poohtilc. of Wisconsin, johnson Rcpub
hcan United States Senator. II was dciiv-
cred al Buisslo:
srkEen or Nh. DCouTu.E.
Mr.. PHrsIpExr: In that csevssIsa vleh
framed the Constitution Il wes proposed q
one time to clothe Congtess with The power
TO declare war and make peace. But when
this latter proposition came 10 - discussed
in that great body Of mcn-ths Gssste:e,
perhaps, that ever assembled 1t was strickr
IN out and the convention refused TO c'oths
Congress with the pover - make peAce.TT
WHY was that, Was il that that great
body Of men laid aside their greatness and
wisdom to Withhold this power from Con-
rtcss Not Al al. II wss bee use they
were great mon and wise men, and under
s,o 4 the foundations Of human govern
mvnt. understood how the powers of human
Government should be distributed, under
stood that while Congress should be given
to power % make laws and declare war !;
IL, power Of executing the laws and the
power Of making peace should no given 70
another department Of the Govcrsnent. -
Making peace il lust NJ much " an execu-
tive duty AZ conducting war. Applause.
Making peace ID measure Of ndministvs.
ton, not .flcgisla,ion II al. ll,w 10 il when
NC close . foreign WARP Suppose 10 ha0
a war with Great l.r,sain, could Congrcss
make peace, Not Al all They ars MOI ~
canned for that purpose. They are not 80
oreanixed that il ~ uld 10 possible for thcn
10 negotiate . peace. Il IL mot IN hunlan
nature that body like Congress, compesed
Of three or four hundred men, can cOh0uce
q war, can commend ssmi :, casa plan can
lalens, can REFUGE an sneay. and, wbGn he
u required, can make peace ~,th him. Ap-
tlausc How 10 II IL case Of n civil ~ass
What is ! civil war but an effort ~ .orcc
10 interrupt the administration o{ the IauA
t. resist their execution, aad tsmnpls eht0
under ioott And what il making rsaee bet
simply compelling the people to obey ts.e
law 4Msss he
In y civil comin0tion, Therefore, olDe3isocs
10 the laws u peace. and there h - osher
peace. Congress can make tho law-s. butit
j. the executive and administrative power
If the government which compcls ObsdicDcc
10 the laws. That IL the very rsspose d
the executive branch 81 the government IL
j. hls duty. II grows out Of tho hAture Of
things out u che very ncccs>iiics which sur
round the government. When Law y vi0-
lated by an individual, the executive de-
par,mcst conpels obedience. brings him =
punishment; and when the Law il violated
md sought 10 be- overturned by military in.
An s,slie~sp ls.rA
which are necessary to enforce Il. In the
very nature Of things. therefore. il IL the
cNccu'iye department which makes peace,
and not the legislative department. There
iorc. fellow citizens. the ans yer 70 the ques.
,ion which put Why did the great men
vhoiramed the Constitution strike out those
words which would have clothed Congress
with power 10 make peace = tho answer Ia
tia, question is 10 10 found IN their greats
nss~. wisdom aud forecast. Aud, fellow cit>
iscnS, II what | have said would apply "a
ary or every Congress 81 the United States
with how much especial force would Il Apply
10 this Congress " hich was elected 40 = q
unprecedented in the very midst Of war
The very breath IL lifc was breatheA iata
this Congress by war 1ts membess ~sss
elected TO supply the means Of wa. and wal
they were determined 10 have. aud as tbs
rebellion failed. that they could not mAak,
wa, on that. they determined to make wal
IN our own administration - laughtc TIL,
,rrv administration which We elected Wheel
sc ,!ct-d this Congress II they coull
make war IN nothing Else. they must max,
war on that. nnd war il has been from th
L,finninr 70 the very end. In the cours
Il ,his long session OF Congress. what dcvel
op,l ,iselis | presume there were nearl
one hundred distinct propositions brough
forward in this Congress ss tho basis 70
masing peace.
rrnrrcT SUBMISSION ov the souTu.
Does no, this simple fact demonstrate III
wisdom OF or forciashcrs whom thry with
held from such body as Congress the pow
- {" make peace.
Fellow citizens We have just pissc,
through a gigantic war. In tho history q
modern times, scarcely in the history Of tn
world Is there any thing to 10 comrared 4
i, Ia the amount " concentrated military
power. on sea and OF land. perhaps thsr
has been nothing In the history q man I
equal i. suppose might say withou
,Nssg,ta'ion that We have gathered such
is.sal armament that with the feet wit
whica We ,ork Fort Fisher, We could hav
sunk the whole British navy in six hours
Aud So upon the land With tho im,ncns
concentration al power nv the use Of tn
arms We brought into plsy-thc bYecc
l,a,,ng arm which is now bsSne sdqAsd i
Europe We brought 10 bear IN those gr,
aimic> oi ours aorc M'litnry iorse kl,eo wa
c.er employed before. AID BY the Disc Il
our steamboats, aud railroads We have move
these immense armies over thousands q
miles Of space with ,spid.;y aho fnduysnt
nm which the world never before witnessed
l;l, this ar is now over. Iilood has csasc
To- ii,w. The armies Of the South ana In
people Of the South have submitted with
iap,,ii,y and Immunity tat WOsskl hav
been beyond our ms"st sangu,n expectation
one car aud halt ago. ApplSexs.ls
verify believe that il ~ angel fsOen ~ skid
had me down aud told ~ Vns year and
hall ago. that on the surrender II the arsuic
al the South the whulc Staacs u us 6eut
would have become paciilcd, that lher
W. ulL he found no guerrillss, csther upo
the mount aims or in the valleys, that Their
should be peace through the whole lcngtl
and breadth Of the South, we couldnet hav
believed il And undertake 10 say thu
thu people VI Aa Northern States, instead q
being engaged in upbraiding the South be
cause there is, here and there, ams on,
break. some murmurng. semc dissatisfa(
ton, some soreness under the great suite,
ings through which they have hasSed u,
stead Of hat we ought 70 - ~ 1>sr bende
knees. thanking Amighsvo God that III
country is at peace. Great applause. +
Men ma, call ar t,arte tcstimony hcse AN
there; bring forward witness, psshas,
some interested agent Of the treasury, spsn
man holding an office. and desiring 70 prd
long the condition Of the South Is Il nov
exists; but when you take the testimonl
a"d declaration Of their greatest and hes
men, ! undertake TO say that upon IN
whole, notwithstanding there arc here an
there some exceptions, there never wos,
the whole history Of mankind, submissio
30 quiet, SO peaceful, SO universal as this hs
been. Applause.
LITTER ron SUMMERS sGcHRr BooE.
Having received . letter from man {
the South, who was once in Congress-. an
whom knew very well-l refer u Nj
Cory, Of Alabain,, aHd who 10 nov h
president Of one OF the colleges il that Stat
and he having stated in his letter 10 N
that the South was completely caricaturc
IN some Of the testimony which was give
before the Reconstruction Committee il
Washington and having mazda thar .A~ss