The New York herald., 1866-05-08

NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS.
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The Civil Rights Bill.
ITS PASSAGE OVER THE PRESIDENTS vHrO-DAN-
GER OF WAR BsrwEEN THE KxEcUrIvE AND
CONGRESS-.
From the London Times, April 2al
An open rupture has at length been between the
two sovereign powers Of the United States the President
and Con gress. Tho Civil Rights bill having been passed
IS 70 l5 has since been carried in the House Of Repre-
seutasves BY majority OF l22 to Il. It has thereby
become law" according to the express provisions Of
the federal constitution and the only question is IN what
spirit Mr.. johnson viii accept bis defeat There be
no doubt that as tho CommanderinChef OF the United
ronage at his disposal and especially through his power
OF appointing the Judges OF the Supreme Court he may
the measure thus forced upon him His recent procIa
nation declaring the civil war to be at an end
throughout all the Southern States, except Texas
interpreted by his opponents indication Of this
Intention and defiance Of the republican majority in
Congress According to the testimony Of Washing
ton correspondent 1t has been understood as appeat
the people the graz: and peroas issue uheher Me Err
ve or n, Legislature Is henoh 10 haze the supreme Con
such crisis was somewhat inoppcrtane and seems to
have influenced unfavoraby the vote OF both houses
tho Civil Rights bill There were, moreover, express
si0ns in the preamble that amounted not only to
test against the indefinite continuance Of provisional
government in the SOUTH but to explicit adoption OF
who have little sympathy with the views of Mr.. Sum-
ner's party and would shrink from negro suffrage,
Qpphc0tJu
Of Sac lghis to the restoration Of ths South To pro-
vide legal guarantees for the protection Of negroes
before readmitting the South TO tho Union is only
going ono step beyond the position taken by MIR.
johnson himself he insists as strongly as any man
the necessity Of imposing some previous conditions,
though he objects the condition proposed by the
publlcans In this respect the question raised by the
Civil Rights bill differs considerably from that involved
Institution belonged naturally 10 state Of and
meant to last than year after the pr0cama
ton Of peace. In declining 10 sanction its permanent
keeping the South condition of subsection only to be
maintained by military force. In vctoing the Civil
competence of Cony to prescribe the terms upon
which the secedng States should be allowed to resume
absolutely entitled exercise their former constitu-
tlOna rights proof Of their loyalty and he seems
saTery and the reputation Of The ccnodcrate debt In
tho view Of his republican opponents the southern
States having deprived themselves OF representation in
Congress by their Of wifu rebellion In
position to claim readmisson right aud tho North
States are perfectly justified in taking ape sec@ty
for their future good behavior.
II would be strange coincidence if the return Of
peace should provo fdat than civil war to the bal
of the American constitution would be stranger
still II tho very reluctance OF tho President
military power the South should become cosus bt
between him and Congress Yet such Is the present
already been than whispered and the prospective
ground of impeachment Is that Mr. johnson may refuse
Rights bill in the South. We observe, also, that the
House OF representatives has "nsircted the Judiciary
eV. that Mr. ps and others we're sI' in the
assassination OF President Lincoln guilty Of trca
SON. and IL So wha! measures are necessary to bring
II surely that the repubiic distust the
Presidents clemency, and suspect him OF design to
lngratiatc himself with the South by releasing Mr. Da
Wis In Short Mr. johnson is denounced as "a tyrant
and despot" not because he usurps despotc powers,
but the contrary because he Is disposed TO put an
ond prewaturcy his dictatorship the South, and to
exercise his constitutional perogayes too mildly. Sir
Duwcr Lytton, In his speech on .he Reform Dl Justly
oufCd fha fact Il
qualified by safeguards which do not exist In this coun
try Tho House Of Representatives may be elected by
universal suffrage but its political influence s interior to
that of House Of Commons. while that OF the
President Is many respects superior to that OF an
n apssS So sSvSsssnh SsU~n ha. '''s S S
passed by tho two houses Of Parliament and
~s csDan Saa vosS SsIdy submit 20 such the Pre
dent himself elected by the nation and not only by the
population Legislature ofa single state He has thus
great advantage Congress in conflict OF policy,
espc ally when no takes the side OF moderation There
Is reason however, TO believe that although President
johnson has still perfect confidence in the support of the
people, he has los, influence by his almost fanaca al.
vocacy OF State rights II is q remarkable fact that
somc Of those who voted agans the Civil Rights bill In
the senate and House OF Represent id so In oppo
stion 10 the instructions OF their constituents Coupled
with decisive majority u the lower House, this
dcates certain reaction in (acor Of e radical counses
and prepares for concession at least copcliaon
on the part OF tho President.
The other alternative is one which In spite Of threat
ening appearances we cannot bring ourselves TO regard
probable. Mr.. Johnson has hitherto acted strictly
and scrdpuously within the limits Of the constitution,
sS. he Oil, obstins,cv ras,., the viii ~ ,to
eonie asssr n s once dsciared n s eona,,v nn,ksiv
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,ss,,ans 81 nr.c,isei s,a,en.nshir gl..ers h.,,n
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s"rr,a,,ma ,ho ,rt,s or h,scts IN ,,s so,,h~
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ss.u, s y, al, W. orv.n, ~ .,.s 49, ssroc,i. a .a ~ ~
OF the State and the Union This would meet President