davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

part, the general rule between mer-
chant and merchant is, to compound
Immediately, the creditors allowing
the debtor. to retain, not only. such
property as is exempt under the insol-
vent law, but also, suficicncy OF
property besides to put him on his feet
again and make him prisoner fhope:
Why, I earnestly ask, should not the
like rule of conduct obtain toward and
among those who have been engaged
in agricultural pursuits, and who owe
their present circumstances to the ac-
ton of government and not to any
fault of theirs?
Is it true that the vocation of MEL
chant is more important to the country
than that of the farmer or planter or
is it true that there is anything in the
vocation of merchant better calcula-
ted to liberalize it's follower than there
is in. the noble and independent busi-
ness of studying and developing the
productiyeness Of mother earth L
trow not.
In what I have said to you do not
mean to be understood as having init
mated, in the remotest degree, any
opinion as to what extent, if at all,
contracts based in whole or part, upon
slave property, have been affected in
law by the action Of Government in
abolishing the institution. Nor DO l
mean to be understood as intimating
that there are not many debts, where
the debtor is amply able to respond,
looking to the origin of the credit CIV
en-, which may not be compounded
upon principles Of natural equity
I do however desire it to be under
stood that, in my judgment, ca uni
versal reputation of dcbts," even if
allowable under the Constitution of
the United States and the Constitution
of the State of Georgia, would be both
unwise and unjust. Republication is
one thing-the compounding of 9 debt
upon fair and equitable principles by
the parties, upon the data given you
in the foregoing remarks, is another,
and very different thing.
My sole object, gentlemen, in pre-
senting these views to you, 1 say to you
in all sincerity, has been, that they
may 60 to your people with your en-
dorsement, (if you accord, and be a.
dopted by them as their rule Of con-
duct in this perilous crisis. If your
body can suggest any better plan Of
relief you will have put the country
under lasting debt ofgratitude.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05
prisoners of war, and to desist from
the further prosecution of them.
g.. us, GRANT. Lieut., General.

prisoners OF war, and to deslst from
the further prosecution of them.
g. us. GRANT, Lieut.. General.
HEADQUARTERS, ARMIES u. s. June
18th, 1866.
This opinion, I am informed, is
substantially the same as that enter
tanned by the Government. I'have
forwarded your application for amhes-
ty and pardon to the President, with
the following endorsement thereon:
Respectfully forwarded through
the Secretary Of War the Presi-
dent, with the earnest recommends
tion that this application of General
r. 3. Lee for amnesty and pardon
may be granted him. The oath of
a1legience required by recent order Of
the President does not accompany
this, for the reason, 1 am informed
by General Ord, the order requiring
it had not reached Richmond when
this was forwarded.
GUS. GRANT, 1t. Gen.
Headquarters, Armies United States,
June, l6, 1866.
Very respectfully,
IT. S. GRANT, Lieut.. General.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

Our WoMEN.-The women of the
South proved, during the war, that
they were not made merely for orna-
ment, and by their devotion andpatri-
otic zeal evinced in the cause in which
their fathers and brothers were en-
gagged for independence, have won for
themselves a crown of laurels which
acclaims them the equals at least, if
not the superiors, of the Spartan wo-
men,. whose patriotism and nerve has
been made the theme of song and sto-
ry.
The influence which they exerted
was as powerful for good as the inAu-
cnce Of a great many cowardly men at
home was potent for evil. They. an
the desponding; they inspired
the ambitious with a higher and nobler
,aspiration; they ministered tenderlly
to the wants Of. suffering; and they let
out their sympathies to encourage and
consoleths heart-broken and distress
ed. AM, when defeat came and men
saw that, all they had toiled for long
seara1o gather about them dissipated,
they whispered "be of good cheer in
their cars, and nobly gave an example
Of fortitude and courage, from which
was derived thespirit of determination
and endurance and energetic purpose
torestore that which had been destroy
ed, which has characterized our peo-
pie. Yet with all this, they have
kept within the limits ofpropriety, and
have uot cut loose, as has been done
elsewhere, from old customs Of femin-
inc reserve and modesty. There is
none of that brazen masculine bold
ness for which, since the Generalization
produced by the war, the women of the
other section Of the country are ac-
gaining an: evil reputation. Here,
there is little Of that domestic dishon-
or and social corruption which exists
there to so great an extent; andinstead,
the war has evoked, if any change, a
loftier respect for duty; has Awakened
a higher degree usefulness, and dis
played q lovelier worthiness and a truer
devotion than ever.
These reflections have been induced
from aperusal. of the speech of Anna
Dickinson, a Yankee woman, who has
forgotten all her modesty, and unsexed
herself by devoting her time for a few
years past to lecturing at different
points in the country.
We never read of that brazen wo-
men without thanking God that the
customs of our people sanction no
such immodest pranks, and that our
women are kept pure and undefled,
and that their sense Of propriety for
bids an imitation of so disgusting ex-
ample Wilmington Dispatch.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

In oneofthe obituary notices of Dean
Richmond it is said that his handwri-
ting was so bad that he discharged an
official on the Central Road by briefly
informing him that ''his services could
be dispensed with after this date" and
signed I'D. Richmond" in his usual
vigorous style. Thecard was used by
the discharged individual as family
pass over the road for a twelve month,
the conductor recognizing the sigma
ture without attempting to decipher the
body of the document.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05
WHAT rs ONE HORSE PowER7

y" x404 AZ VAIL 44S4hSA . S"AASt
The use of the term I" horsepower:
is very common yet few except good
mechanics and engineers, attach a de-.
finite meaning to.it,r but regard it as
indicating, loosely, about the power
which one horse would exert. It is,
however, when used in the sense under
consideration, as definite as possible,
and means the power required to lift
$4,000 pounds avoirdupois one foot
high in one minute. ~
A horse hitched to the end Of a rope
over pulley one foot in diameter pla-.
ced over deep well, travelling at the
rate of about 2a miles per hour, or
22O feet per minute, will drawup $50
pounds the same distance he travels.
The force thus exerted is called in me-
chanics, a horsepower, it being an
approximation to the average amount
Of continuous power it is fair to de-
mand of a strong horse. five multi
ply the weight raised (15O pounds) by
the number of feet it was moved per
minute, (2200 the product will be the
number fpounds which the mepow-
er would raise one foot high in the
same length Of ftime-(33,0 pounds
The dynamometer is an instrument
made for measuring power, particu-
larly that exerted in drawing. Those
used for testing the draft Of agricultu-
raj implements are simply very strong
spring-balances, or spring steelyards,
graduatedto indicate the power re-
quired tofaise any weight, within rea-
sonable limit, at therate of q miles
per hour. When we apply the dyna-
! mometer, in: in:ascertaining the draught
of mechanics, if the index indicates
$50 pounds, it tis.shown that the horse
isrequired to draw just as hard as he
would do if raising $50 pounds out Of
q well with rope over pulley one
foot in diameter at the rate of 2 miles
per hsur, and so for otherweights.
The velocity atwhich a:team moves
istob considered, as we'll as the weight
to be raised, or the load to be drawn.
IF horse travels faster than q miles
per hour, while raising $50 pounds out
of well, he exerts more than one
horsepower. IF he walks slower than
this, he does not exert q force equal
to one horsepower. -7,,,-r5
In ascertaining the draught Of a
plow, or reaper or mower. by drawing
faster than q miles per hour, the
dynamometer would indicate more
than the correct draught, and by dri-
wing slower, the draught would appear
to be less than it really is. In testing
the draught Of machines team should
always move at the rate of q miles
per hour, or 220 feet per minute,
which is the universally accepted rate
with reference to which dynamometers
are graduated, and an easy one to
which to approximate in driving with
any kind Of team.,n ~ a.I.: !
Many people have supposed that
300 pounds two horsepower repre-
-santed the same force that u, team
would exert-when- dragging 800
pounds along on the ground: q s.
cam haul 600, pounds on the hard
ground, With ease; but he could not
draw enough on the dynamometer to
make more thao 250 or 300 pounds,
except for few minutes. The power
of man is estimated at one-ffth Of a.
horse power. %. s'lf 8:
American Agricultau'ist.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

Gen. Robinson, = commanding in
North Carolina, has ordered that all
judicial cases wherein freedmen are
interested are to be hereafter tried by
State courts instead Of tho Bureau
courts, except in the adjudication OF
contracts. - ~ ~.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

The number of fdivorcesin Connecti-
cut increased from 129 in 1850, to
454 in 1864; and in Is years the d.
vorces have equalled onetwentieth the
number Of families in the State.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

The anti-rent disturbances at. Alba
ny have been renewed, and serious
rouble is apprehended.
The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, 1866-10-05

Gen. Beauregard was to leave Par
is on the 18th, on his return home.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16
NEWS OF THE DAY.
GEN ERAL NEW -.

Wo Irccl attention % the mor'psry reporof he past
wcOk. published with the proceedings OF the Board Of
Health .s emb0lying statistics worth knowing The
Board Yesterday discussed various matters The steam
ship Virginia viii DO permitted to UP 70 the wharf
ard discharge her cargo N the course OF few da!s.
TIE receipts OF Pixies Opera Hnuse in Cincinnati, for
the seven yesIs aud one month That Il stood were
fJ6 $50 o. aud the expenses, not including rent nor In
forest on Tho investment, were $i7l 456 80.
Il Is expected hat than half the vessels composing
III present Atlantic and Gulf Squadrons Of the United
States navy will be removed from service, and either laid
up Or sold
The Harvard College crew have challenged The Vale
crew 4 .x-Olred boat ~ Worcester July u, and
tho challenge has been accepted
Tho Mercantile Library election yesterday exciting
a usual and resulted tho choice of the regular ticket
By 4 large majority.
I'll, trial OF Dr. Claus for killing Chas. Carron pro-
crossed yesterday before the Supreme Court Mr. Justice
IngrdlsiL on tie bench.
Clement G. Clay reached his home in Alabama Mar l.
and was cordially received By his friends and neghbo.
The Massachusetts House Of Representatives. yesterday
voted down proposition for license law by li6 10 49,
Tho Board OF Excise yesterday granted 400 licenses for
Nsw-York and 81 for Brooklyn.
There WIS confagra'ion at Salon, Mass, Monday
nj yht, destroying $4,000 worth ofprcperty.
God opened yesterday at 1884, sold down to l2oa.and
closed at izt Government securities all strong but the
preference IS given 70 the currency debt For the 1908 second
series LOT Is bid and the fret and third series cannot be had
under 1929 IA any amount Tor Oueyear certificates 1901 is
paid freely. Money Is increasing 10 abundance call The
ratio for best bills per cent and for call loans 4d5 per
cent Foreign exchange moderately active at firm rate,
NswYork produce bills are scarce at Nct
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16

The TACT that present Paid Fire Department il A.
knoweiged 70 De failure before the evil effects Of
mode OF management have had time 70 devei,e
Themselves ample proof Of our heorY that Governments
vaF.lby mismansge everything ltrussed 70 their
The alleged "fact' ia 10 fact This City novcrbc-
fore bai efficient aud aultleSs Fire Department.
a it has now. The old Volunteer Department wss
prolific souroc Of iebauchery and rot l. sucocssos
is biamoies', law-abiding. and emirenty e1ectya
BIT certain political hacks Of both parties cannot
" run /. for their own advantage, a, they did tDs
Oh Department; taey keep up clamor that it has
failed Tho results Of the incendary 6res especially
in connection with cotton, Of tie last two months,
arc charged 70 It's account, wien Il would be u
reasonable TO charge it with the damage done ~
lightning. Such iusensats clamor canno, u;slesJ an
intelligent community.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16
TIKI. LOAN IsILs..

NJ. Senator sherman has inalyrcported The Loan
bill from the Finance Committee, with an amend
mcn which T. not vital and trust viii mol be per-
miilcd to aloct It's destiny. II Mr. McCul'och can
negotiate the loan a one per cent, shall thank him.
and feel that The limit wa properly assigned. Some
OF ou friends think that two per cent gives the SecTe
,ary too much power Upon two thousand millions
the expense would be forty millions one per cent
would cost twenty millions. We do not see
but That twenty millions viii be enough to Goat
the loan. one half Of The amount will be given to the
bankers aud sna dcelcrs--cnc.half OF one per cent
being allowed upon all snles-as was done in the
recent loans This really reduces the amoun, to b.
paid TO subscription agents, for the preparation OF
bonds, advertising. subagcnc.es and Tie vast
machinery essay 10 populaHzs loans, 20 ten
millions of dollar. We hope |, viii be onoogh. II
the Secretary wants more be can have IT, The
Government loan. however. viii be cheapy placed if
one per cent will do the work.
The Committees amendment is not important. W.
glad that the general principles Of the iii are not
affected With II. It il not so much whether one or
two per cent is set aside to pay expenses haze
loan arranged that the people viii take it, and ia,
National Debt be lesscned. The points which ws
wish to impress upon Congresi are these In brief:
l. loan Of thirty or forty years in which all minor
loans may be embraced.
H. a loan that shall not exceed in ambunt che ag
grcgate indebtedness OF the country as nov rep
resented in the various forms OF lcgal-,ender and in
tcrcst-bearing securities. .as.
III. Freedom from taxation. The reduction of
interest from to per cent will more than repay the
present income and other taxes
". The creation Of a sinking fund to the amoant
OF one per cent annually Of the aggregate loan,
regiously put aside every year TO cancel the debt
when IL natures.
V. The reduction OF interest to five per cent.
financial measure embodying these points will be
wise and timely. The country yeams fof It. We
shall be our way to specie payments. The present
ruinous rates Of interest which initiate currency, inure
trade, dcpress business aud oonduce to all sorts Of
speculation, will be abandoned. The world will sec
that We TO pay our debt. and that II is no part
oithe American system 10 make its obligations types
OF eternity. We shall not bcqueath TO our
era ndchildren q burden which We and our children
can remove. The tear that five per centloan will
be unpopular and impossible i, absurd. Five ercent
from the Government il good as six per cent from
bankers. Tie five per cent Ten-fores are worth as
much now a. the SevenThrties were six months ago.
while seven.Thrties in the mean time arc soaring
beyond pr II We could negotiate nearly two hundred
millions Of a five per cent loan in war times, with
Ten years option OF redemption, there is no reason
why We cannot do 30 now. The sooner Congress gets
70 work at DE bill the better.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16
ENsuLTING TIE DEAD.

We print elsewhere pretty full account Of tie
occurrences at Augusta. Ca, heretofore briefly
po.iced On the 26lh of last month, the Rebel
women of that city went in procession TO the Gene
terry to decorate with flowers the graves of the Rebel
dead The ceremony was made as impo.ing as mum.
bers and soemny could make il, not less than three
thousand persons joining in the rites. Side by side
with the Rebels lay the Union dead, but nobody had
flower for any of the latter. Ths loyal women OF
Augusta including the teachers of tho freedmen and
many Of the colored women, made an attempt to
repair this OMISSION. They arranged for second
procession of which tho children in the Treedmeps
schools were to form the principal portion. Southern
chivary took the alarm ct once. The Mayor Of
Augusta prohibited the demonstration, summoned
large FORE Of police, and barred the gates of the
Cemetery The procession of women and Children
were met at the gates by the armed Rebel police.
denied an entrance, and spite of entreatieS, were
obliged to go home, unable to paw this simple and
touching tribute of respect to the Union dead. That
is Southern chiyalry, maguauimity ard loyalty all
rolled into
II is humiliang to be obliged to add that the re-
ftsa of the Rebel Mayor to allow Union graves TO be
garlanded with flowers was sustained by two Union
ohicers-by Gen. Brannan. commanding the District.
and by Cen. Tson. who is Commissioner of the
Frcclmcn's Bureau for Georgia, These two
officials united in attempting to restrain the
slight tribute of respect to their former COM
rades, on the ground that it would create i'll
feeling between the whites and the blacks! 1t
would be charitable to disbelieyc them capable OF
such an act, but both the Rebel aud the
loyal accounts agree on this point, aud Gen. Bran
nan even regrettng that he had troops at baud to
prevent the demonstration by force. While such
officers command at the South, what reason is there
10 hope that the bitterness and hatred shown by the
Rebels will be softened' What right have we TO
demand that the Rebels shall respect dag which
Union Generals combine TO insult
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16

pressed themselves, by popular vote. in favor Of
union of tho two Prncipalitics under foreign
prince. 1t it, of course, no secret fiat the chef
motive Of this policy il the hope that foreign
prince can give greater stability to tho union
than native nobleman would be able to do, and that
he can thus lag the foundation of a Roumanan Gu.
pirc, to which, in the Of time, even the Rou-
manian districts of Austria might be annexed. Such
move is therefore, looked upon by Turkey the loss
of one Of its provinces, by Russia the loss of fu
ture dependency, and by Austria tho loss of new
coveted crownand There is no reason, or the other
hand why England France, Italy and Prussia
should show any opposition to the national aspi.
raonS of the Roumanians. The establishment of
Roumanian Europe would appear a barrier to the
extension of Russia the Black Sea- an event which
all the powers of Western Europe have sufficient
son to fear The Roumanians, therefore, court the
favor Of the Western Powers, and have made special
bid for the friendship Of Prussia by electiDg Prince
Charles of Hohenzolern the Hospodar Of the United
Principaties
According to our latest adyices. no agreement had
been arrived at between the great Powers. The Rou-
manian deputatiOn sent to Germany to inform Prince
Charles Of his election had not yet acquitted itself Of
its mission, and the Paris Conference has thus far re-
manned without result. The question Of the fate Of
the Principates remains unsettled and the agitation
in these and all the neghborng countries of European
Turkey unalayed. Reports apparently well grounded
represent the disposition among the Christians of Eu
ropean Turkey as uncommonly warlike aud only
waiting for an opportune moment to attempt stimuli
taneous rising 1t is, therefore, deemed probable that
the flames of war once kndled in neighboring
Austria would shortly communicate itself to Northern
Turkey
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16
THE EASTERN QUESTION

In view OF the stirring events in Germany, the rev
dictionary condition OF the two Danubln Prncipa-
ties Of Moidavia and Wallachia. or as they were
called during tie reign of the now deposed Prince
Couga, tie Principally Of Roumania, does not at-
tract ~ much attention as otherwise would
undoubtedly have been the ease. European
diplomati.ts are fully aware that the events
In tie Danubian Prncpalities will determine
the fate Of TIE Turkish possessions IN Europe, and
thew are therefore, unwilling 10 concede ~ the people
Of these PnnciralitIes the same liberty of action
which has been readily granted TO the Greeks. Every
revolution j. these parts places prominently upon the
docket OF European diplomacy the Eastern question
and 10 Statesman Of any Of the great Powers would
rick Bis reputation By treating that question slightly
We Lave already called attention to the fact that
Russia aud Turkey, which, in lo5l, went t|war on
account Of their conflicting views on these and other
Christian Provinces in Turkey, now allied in their
opposition to what appearsto be the wish of the over
whclming majority of the inhabitants. Tho latter
have rcoCnlr. as on several former occasion, cA.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16
The Senate has recalled the nomination of A. b.

The Senate has recalled the nomination of A. b.
Sloanaker Philadelphia politician, in the place of
Gen. John Ii. Taggart, soldier of repute. as Col
lector OF Internal Revenue in Philadelphia Sloanakcr
will be remembered as the person who presented O
wax.work contrivance as the spontaneous offering
Of tho ladies of Philadelphia, said wax-work being
Sloanaker's own investment and invention We shall
probably have an interesting debate upon wax. with
Senatorial permission to Mr.. Sloanaker to remain in
the shades Of private life unvexe by the cares OF reve-
nue. and excise.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16

President johnson has vetoed the bill admitting
Colorado as a State. His main reasons are that her
population is scany and is understood to be declining
That may be-; yet we predict for her population Of
100 600 by the census of 1870 provided the Pacific
Railroad reaches Denver in 1869, as it surely ought to-
We admit that the Presidents objections have forces
and yet VIC think this Veto mistake The Veto
power, though tremendous, is valuable element OF
our system; but it should be used quite paringy, and
only on the very highest considerations. We DO not
fire a iOO-pounder to Kill wren. The admission OF
Colorado 4, but question Of two or three vears
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16

Among tie plundering propositions before the
Board Of Councmen is one to renew the lease Of
the With District Court Rooms, corner of Seventh
ave. ard Twenty.seoond.s for 10 years, at an annual
rent Of $4,000, although the City has been paying
but 800 per year for the same rooms and there is
building belonging to the City in Twenty -pinth-st,
and now unoccuped. which will better accommodate
the Court. Seven men in the Board can kill this job
and save the S25, 900, if they will.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1866-05-16
NEW YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, WEDNESDAY, NAY 49, 1885,

that our children will. Fer at present, iDordnatc
drudgery, excessive application, are genera-qite as
much go among those who have a competence as with
the poor. We arc overworking as a people-the
energetic and thrifty save-and supporting far too
many triers and parasites drones and sos in virtual
idleness If every who is able had to work eight
hours per day, there could be no absolute need that
any should work longer Let US hope that they will
manage these things better in the next century, if
not hefore