Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1866-02-23

! tions asked by the Treeau,en's Bureau, now
/ established for the year 1866, amount to ll,i45,-
eco. Ii may safely DO estimated the cost t1 be
/ incurred uhder this pending bill. will require
double that amount more than the entire sum ex-
/ pended in any ouc gear under the administration
If the second Adams. II the presence OF agen
in every parish aud county is to be considered as
a war MEASURE, opposition, o. even resistance
mi ght be provoked tEat, 20 give effect to their
/ Jurisdiction. troaps would have to be stationed
within reach OF every one 0f them and thus a
/ large standing force be rendered necessary
Large appropriations would therefore be required
! to sustain aud enforce military jurisdiction in
every county parish from the Potomac to the
! Rio Grandc.
| The condition OF our fiscal affairs is cncourag-
+! ing but in order - sustain the present measure
\ of public confidence, it is necessary that we
| practice not merely customary economy, but as
far as possible, severe retrenchment- In addition
to objections already stated, the eth section of
the bill proposes to take away land from It's f1r-
t mer owners, without ay legal proceedings being
| first bad contrary to that provision Of the con-
stitution, which declares that no persons shall be
| deprived of life, liberty, or property without the
process ot law, 1t does not appear that part
# the lands to which this section refers, may not
/ be owned by minors or persons OF unsound minds
or by thnse WIN have been faithful to all their
obligations as citizens of the UHited States. II
any portion Of the Il nd is held by such persons,
it is not competent for any authority to deprive
them Of Il. IT, on tae other hand, it be found
that the property is liable u confscation, even
then it cannot be appropriated to public pur-
poses until by due process Of law it shall have
been declared forfeited to the GJy,rament. There
stu further Oh eciions to the bill on grounds
seriously affecting the class Of persons to whom
/: is designed to bring relief. 1t will tend to
Keep the mind of the freedman in n state OF I'M
certain expectation and ie>tlcssness, while to
those among WHOM he lives it may tie source of
serious aud grave apprehension.
Indnnh,ndlY the frrrtiIn shnnid be projected
but he should be protected by the evil authori-
ties, especial by the exercise o. all the consti-
tutn nal p1wers It the courts of the United States
and OF the States. His condition is not 20 ex
I posed a may at first be imagined. lie is n por
tirn OF the country where his labors cannot be
well spared, Competition for his services f.om
piaaters from these who constructing
opening railroads, or from capitalists in his vic
uity or from othei States will enable him to
Command almost his terms. lie also posses.
perfect right to change his place Of abode,
and ii, therefor, he does not fad in one colnmuni
~ Il + mode Of life sui ed tn lis d. sires,
proper remuneration for his laLor, he move
to another where labor is more esteemed and bet
to rewarded In truth, however, each State, in
, iuced by its own wants End interests, vii do
what is necessary aud proper to retain within its
borders all the labor that Is necessary for the de-
velopmcnt of its lurces. The Laws that regu-
late supply AMI demand will maintan their
force and the wages of the laborer will be rega
ted thereby. There is M danger that the great
demand tog LABOR wi II not operate in favor of the
laburer; neither is there sufficient consideration
given to the ability of the freedmen to take
Of themselves. 1t is more than justice to
them ~ believe that they have receI, their
frecdm with moderation and forbearanc nee, so will
they distiB. uish themselves BY their industry and
t1rift, and soen show the world that in their con-
ditiot Of freedom they self sustaining and
capab- Of selecting their employment AMI
their Place If a6t de, Of insisting for them.
:, Ives proper remuneration, and of establish
Ing and obtaining their aSyiums and
Sc. Oyis. 1t i, earnestly h0ed that in tead OF
wasting away they viii by their own Efforts es
tatlish for themselves d condition Of respect,
aLii ty aad prosperity.
II is certain that they can attain to that c midi
tim only through their merits nd exerti1ns
In this com, cti"n the query presents itself
whether the system proposed by tne bill will not
when pu. into mpfttc operation, practically
transfer the entire care, support and control of
four millions of em ncip ated slaves 10 agent,
ayerseers or taskthastcrs, who, appointed at
" ashingt"n, are t. be located in every county
and parish thrsa. A9ut the United States contain
ing freedmen aud refugees. Such system
wUul1 inevitably tend 10 such concentration of
power in the Executive which would enable him,
! If 81 disposed to ntrol he action OF Numerous
classes and use them for the attainment Of his
/ VNA ppltticdl cuis Sat4Het uul hnbtiet
grave direction to this bill. The Constitution
lnperatisely declares in coma elton With taxation
that each State sail have at least repr'sen
tative and fix the rule for the number 10 which
/ in future tunes, eaea State shall be entitled. 1t
alec provides that the Senate Of the United
/ States shall he composed Of two senators from
eae! state, AMI adds with peculiar force that
State, without its consent shall be deprived Of its
equal suffrage in the Senate. The uri final act
was ueccs ariiy passed. in the abscnc" of the
States chiefly 10 be affected, because their people
were then cGntarnaeiuus. y engaged in the isbell
! ion. Now the Gaze is changed, ond some al
least of the States are attending C'ng'ess by
/ loyal representatives. seeking the allowance ef
the Constitutions friyhts Of repI esentation. At
the time howey II, Of TIE consideration and the
aud the passing % the bill, there Sera-
tor Representative in Congress frora the eleven
States which are to be mainly feced by its pro.
, visions.
The very fact that reports were ami are made
against the good disposition of the country, is all
a. ditionai .,asOn why they need and should have
representatives of their own in Congress 10 ex-
plain their condition, to reply TO assertions, and
assist By their local In Ell .c in the perfectins
Of -uees Immediately affecting thens elves
While the Liberty OF deliberaton would then be
free AMI Congress would have tal ROVER tn de
eide according to ls Jtismrnt, there could be no
obi ctions urged that the S,ates m 'st interested
had ..5t beeu permitted 10 be heard. The p:inei
pie is firmly fixed in the minds OF the American
people that there s'tUul be no taxation without
representation Great burdens are now IL be
borne by al the country, a i We may but de-
uIand that they shall be borne without marmdr,
wheu they voted by maj ,rity of the repre-
sentative of the pc pie. l you'll not Interfere
with tkc unques ionable right Of Congie to
jidge each House for itself, Of the election re-
tarIs and qualification Of its members; but
t4at authority .na0t po construsi as including
the ii GIT to shut out, in time of peace, any
States from Misrepresentation to which il is
titled BY the foustitutio3. At pr sent, alt the
people # eleven States are excluded; those who
were most faithful duiing the not less than
Others. The State OF tennessee, for instance,
whose authorities engas ed ia rebeliiun, was re.
$40; ell to all her caustituto al relations 10 the
Union by the patriotism AMI energy of her in
,red and betrayed people. D fore the war was
brought termination, they had placed them
selves in relation with the General Government,
had established State Government OF their owe
and they were not included in the emanci pa.
ton probation, they, by their owa ac had
amenled their constitution so to abolish sa-
very within the limits Of their State. know
no reason why the State of Tenn. for example,
should not fully enj = all her constitutional 70
la'ions to tie United States.
Tee President Of the United States stands to-
ward the county in somewhat diterent aui-
tule Fl Um that of any member Of Congress chosen
from single District or State. The President is
chosen by the peoI i. of all the .Siates. Eleven
States not ut this time represented in either
branch VI Cougre ). IL woulI seem to De his
duty, on all proper occasions, to present their
Just claim. to Congress. There always will be
differences Of opinion in the Community, and in
dividu4ls may DC guilty OF transgressi ms Of the
law; but these do not constitute valid objections