The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1866-02-06

oracle Of the same import - thsla ulimatun
Of Druyn de Lhuys, It win soon appear that tho
death Of Winter Davis has not len without
leader In Congress the party Opposed 70 the
French usurpstion Of Mexico, or that this party
IL 30 powerful a. not to need any special leader.
sa tHt t
Cotton Il Cold.
Cotton, which has been very spsly styled the great pro
moter Of civilization can be easily raised in and ths
world supplied with q cheaper by this country
than anywhere else the Aoe Of the globs for In no
other land proper SOIL climate facility Of Transports
ton and al three requisites 70 be found 20 foruitouy
combined II IL true the cotton plant can b oWs
in many other parts Of the world but rarely under such
circumstances a. 70 yield profitable CROP In tropical
climate the cotton plant retains i foliage and throws
constant shoots the result Of which to exclude tho
and air from the bol and thereby 70 cause them 10
open slowly and generally TO the great damage Of ths
cotton The picking b also rendered moro difcult In
the United States however, and nowhere else In shs
world the frost comes just At the proper tmethat u.
when the plant has formed ample bos-and kills tho
foliage This gives the and air free access 70 the
bols causing them TO open readily and accommodating
y leo to speak, and thus enabling the picker TO gather
three times more cotton than he could the foliage
preserved and Of better quality too
Heretofore In this country cotton has been almost OK
ciusively the product Of slave labor; but slavery
having ceased 70 exist, We must Of course. In the
future, rely upon free labor. The country, 30
lar q any rae - cotton Is Oonccrned win lose nothing
by tho change with fee labor properly systemasisod
and regulated lees capital win DO required TO raise
given amount OF cotton than with slave labor as hereto
FORE Before proceeding to demonstrate the truth Of
this assumption few preliminary suggestions may Be
allowed. 1f
Cotton to be very profitable, should be cultivated on
large SCALE The plantation should be OF not loss than
from ono thousand Eve thousand acrea It should be
provided gins and presses conveniently located and
sufficient to insure the cotton, tho moment 1t Is dry
enough being gnned pressed and sent to market and
converted into gold The gin and press will be mint
certain to coin fortunes those Interested To provide
these Of course will require capital Some fifty years
ago small farmers were wont to raise few acres OF COT
ton They picked 1t slowly, and sold II to spoculators
who hauled II distance of miles to GIN where II was
obliged generally 10 remain In store for considerable
time before It could be ginned The delay frequently
caused the retaining the seeds and stored In qran-
titles become damaged The result was 70 coniine the
culture 10 large landowners and capitalists almost ex-
clusively
Tho cotton plant IL should be remembered, does NOT
mpoversh tho SOIL Lands where the soil is not friabis
and liable to be washed away by the rains In time Of
cultivation be preserved by rotation OF crops or
corn and beans in every four five years. for the
growth OF cotton the end Of time. The branches and
foliage which fall from the plant return to mother earth
the invgorating principle which she has impaired 70 It.
Cotton unlike other plants, does not rob the soil;
borrows its wealth. to return II again almost
Its product then Is more lasting, H. indeed, IL NOS
more profitable than all the gold mines of the country
All that Is required make 1t 30 Is that we shall Be abba
TO produce and sou II ct from fourteen to fifteen cents
per pound for al that price the world win to CON-
pete with us in s production That we can 20 produce
and sell IT, and ut large profit 10 beyond question.
plantation say Of four I'VE thousand acres OF ven
cleared land would require hundred and MY good
Geld aboress These, provided with the necessary Inn
proved implements raise cotton plants sufficient 70
yield from six 10 million pounds Of cotton gross
that Is 70 say, including the seeds Three and haH
pounds OF cotton gross win yield pound Of cotton
netthat is Invested OF the seeda To raise this crop
would require labor OF field hands for period %
about months For the picking Of crop raised bv
ono hundred and ny Geld labores the services OF i've
hundred persons would be needed also for about ave
months; and Just here is whore the superiority Of the
free over the slave labor system most apparent Under
the system the cotton grower was forced to main
tain all the year round force Of labore for whose SCR
vices he had nced for only portion Of the time hence
by tho labor system he will only have to pay ser
vices actually needed and rendered BeEdss 70 pay the
ta for they can compensated from the crop - IL II
| gathered Women and children Of from fourteen "
fifteen years of age pick much cotton - adult
malcs-indeed. tho women generally pick the most.
The aborers would thus be divided into two classes
the field hands and the picker Tho field hands might
be paid forty dollars month IA high rate Of wayes) dur
ing Eve months and the picer one cent per pound for
all they pick; then two hundred pounds or moro Pc
day and at one cent per pound they would earn very
handsome wages
Based upon this calculation the figures and the RESULT
| would be as follows:-
$50 field laborers months at $40 per month. 90
\ 500 boys girls, men and women 10 pick. after de-
ss 20 SAY sis so p
day each0, 900 pounds at cent per pound o. 800
Total expense for labor. ss1 COO
| g. $50 900 pounds OF cotton, with the seed at4
cents per pound, gross or at IA cents por pound,
net 10000
Balance .......................t1 SRA 600
| In BRIEF hundred and Nifty laborers can raise an
amount Of cotton that viii realize for the producer whom
sold at fourteen cents per pound the OF s27oooo.
and leave, after paying the aborcrs and pcker balance
his favor Of sl72 500 After paying all other possible
expenses what splendid profit would remain
For the gathering OF the cotton really cash capital
required be provided for the crop itself should
tho expense Cotton picked week should BE- gnned,
balcd and shipped TO market the next and In that way
ample means would be obtained and provided promptly
| 10 paw the pickcrs.
The payment Of one cent per pound FOR the picking Of
cotton would induce whole families Of the people living
on the upper Mississippi and its tributaries an
nually TO come down 10 the cotton growing
| regions to engage in the business They could
como after their wheat and oats had been harvested
| say the FIRST Of septembcr-and, remaining until
December, making more money than during tho whoss
Of the other nine months their FARMS The OF
the trip down on the steamers especially " they took
deck passage would be merely nominal and they could
take with them sncien Of -four and 70 last them