The loyal Georgian., 1866-03-10

| now.
The work of destruction was over, and
rebuilding had begun. Military govern
ment alone would not pacify the South.
At the end of Ions period of such gov
eminent We would be no nearer and
probably not 50 near the end as now, and
would have the same work to do. Hence
there is real necessity for the adoption
OF POLICY which should restore civil
government just as soon as the rebellion
should be thoroughly ended. and those
conditions accepted by the South which
were to be regarded as absolutely neces~
sary to the peace of the country The
! proper system of paci6cation should be
one which tended every where to stimu.
late the loyalty Of the South rather than
to impose upon them laws and conditions
by direct external force.
Thus, in the case of the Freedmen's
Bureau, h. was not against the idea of
the bureau IN toto, for he had used it,
and was still using IT, 1t might continue
for period of more than year; but
he had contemplated that either by proc>
lamatlon of his own, or by some action
of Congress, the condition of peace and
technical end of the rebellion would prob.
ably be declared at some period not very
remote; as he understood the present
law, the bureau might continue year
from that time. Meanwhile, he could
say to the South, it depends on yourselves
to say whether the bureau shall be dis
continued at an early day, for will put
an end to it just as soon as you, by pros
lection Of the freedmen, make it unneces-
sary. THUS the hope CT getting rid of
the institution stimulates them to do
right, while they are not discouraged
by the idea that there is no hope of aid
from what they regard as sort of mills
tary government. If, on the other hand,
the bureau were made permanent by
legislation, all the objections he had
urged in his message applied in full force
to it; and instead of encouraging the
South to loyalty, would tend to make the
hatred of the government invcterate.
The same principle of stimulating
loyalty was shown in the manner be had
held martial law ovec them. Whenever
they should show that martial law was
not needed, it should be removed. Their
own conduct would then determine the
matter, and the earnest desire and interest
of all the best people be increased to
obey the law, because by SO doing they
would hasten tue withdrawal Of inter
ference of the military arm in their affairs.
In precisely the same way he had acted
in regard to civil affairs generally in that
section. Regarding it as necessary to
impose conditions upon the rebelllous
States which would guarantee the safety
Of the country and regarding the exist
ing affairs of the government as having
disqualified themselves by their treason
for continuance in power, he deposed
them, and established provisional govern
ments
Then he asked himself what condi-
tons ought to be demanded Of them, and
how their disposition to accept them in
good faith might be stimulated by those
conditions, namely Amendment of the
State constitutions, excluding slavery
acceptance of the same amendment OF
the Constitution of the United States;
Reputation of the rebel debt, and ad-
mission of freedmen to various rights,
&c To stimulate them to accept these
conditions, being such as, using his best
judgment, and 10 the absence of any Con-
gressional plan he thought the nearest
right Of any he could frame, he engaged
that on the acceptance, with evidence of
good faith, he would permit them to reor-
ganize their State governments, elect
Legislatures, Sc, and so far as Executive
acts could do, would restore them to
their positions in the Union of the States.
They had so far accepted his conditions
that he regarded the experiment suc>
cess. He bad accordingly recognized the
Post Office Department among them, and
reopened trade and removed the restric-
tions thereon, through the Treasury De-
partment, and in like manner in all the
Executive Departments, reorganized
them as States 10 the Union, only keep.
ing enough military hold to protect the
freedmen, and to induce them to do
something more thorough in that direc-
ton. a
Now, but one thing remained in which
those States did not exercise the full
rights Of States, and that was represent
tation in Congress. In this he had ad
yised that the same principle of stimula-
ting loyalty be applied as in other re-
spects named. He would admit only
- ID nnnnsnnta fiuns &c are In fact lnnal