Daily Davenport Democrat., 1866-01-02
Treaties and Ommerce~I'he
ElsAeries-l'he Trade with
a,Mmm6A.

C0nada.
Mr.. E. H. Derby. of Boston, delivered
lecture before the American Historical and
Statistical Society at Clinton Hall, last
evening, which was attended by small
audience He said the Reciprocity Treaty.
which 10 soon to expire BY limitation, had
increased in ten years our commerce with
the British Provinces to $50, 900, 900 year
Great Britain, although advocating free
trade, had often Disseminated against
American manufactures, first on her clocks.
then on her cottons. One Of the most i'm
por.ant matters Of this treaty was her fish>
cries. They were an important naval
school, employing $500 vessels, and $4,000
sseamsn, and their products we're worth fif-
teen millions. The seamen threatened Bri t.
ish commerce in the war of the Revolution,
and afterwards in 1912, and had done early
and efficient service in the war Of the Rebel
lion. BY the Rush and Gallatin treaty, our
vessels were not permitted to fish within
three miles of the British coasts, but the
rule was difficult to enforce, and there had
been several injurious molestations and con-
fiscations Of our ships. The tendency Of
modern usage was not to enforce corfisca-
tions, and Mr. Seward should offer redress
for those unavoidable differences France
offered bounty Of 81 per qnntal on fish.
England offered none, but left all the fisher
mans tackle and material free of taxes
America had a small bounty, which was
more than offsett by the heavy taxes on all
that he used.
The Reciprocity Treaty had been boon
to Canada, but also a benefit to us. 1t had
benefited them more than US, and perhaps
it was intended to do so as FIRST good bar.
gain. They had disseminated against Us
in some things, it is true; But let that 60.
They come now to offer US better terms. -
Canada has thrived under it. When We
are 40. 900 900 they will have 100000 Of
good English, Irish, Scotch, and French
origin. Her land has doubled in value. 1t
has 2s7 900 miles of fine timber, almost un-
touched, which we need. We have taken
., 600, 900 Of her timber last year l5,O00.> :
900 bushels of wheat $4,000, 900 bushels
of oats; 10000 horses, and 5000, 900
pounds Of long combing wool, very essen
tial article for our manufactures, in single
year.
American bunting had to b. made abroad
Of foreign wool until quite lately. It's true
that in 1864 our imports had amounted TO
$3U, ,00O, 900, and our exports to only $l9,-
OOO, 600, the rest being made up, no doubt.
largely in specie. But then We are gold
producing country, and il is likely We are
gamers in what we bought. England had
imported in the last ten years $3.50, ,oO0, 600
more than she had exported, which was no
doubt laid up in added wealth. have con-
ferrcd with several Canadians now
among us, and they say they are willing to
extend the free list, to raise their duty on
spi its, to give us copyrights and patent
rights, by which we now lose greatly in
fact Whatever is reasonable. Now, shall we
give up these fisheries, their lumber, these
advantages? BY roads and canals now
completed and in course Of construction,
The trade of Canada might be increased to
&2OO, ,OOO, 900 us well as $50, ,00O, 900. Nova
Scotia has also indispensable gas coal, which
costs 81 ton, gold, to transport here. less
than it costs from our mines, largely owned
by us. should here remark that great
many American merchants transferred their
ships to this flag during the war 1t 10
now proposed to allow them to come back
by paying snail money acknowledgment
to the Orphans and Widows Fund. Prince
Edwards Island is fertile, and has consd
erable trade with New England. Newfound.
land has sold us $f,5OO,0OO worth Of
confish year. Now, why can We not put
. small duty on their lumber, their fish, and
their coal, and renew treaty, At Detroit
they promised to enlarge and deepen their
canals, SO as to give passage to the Western
products, for which all our means are mad.
equate now, and must soon be choked up.
We should improve St. Clair Flats while
they enl rye the Welland Canal. The pro
ducts Of the great West must be taken
chcaply to the Eastern and European mark
cts. Bot by far the =sost important Of all
these works, is the making Of the canal from
the st. Lawrence to Lake Champlain, and
thence, only thirty five miles and seventy
Ave feet, to the Hudson. By this the vast
traffic from all the great lakes could be made
to pass by New York. and thus direct ship
ment be made in vessels Of nine hundred
tens from this city to Chicago.
After . resolution Of thanks, Nr. Young,
Canadian engineer, said that these i'm
provements were in contemplation. and
hoped new tariff might be adopted.-N.
7. Tribune.