The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1864-1911, 1866-02-28

ators from each State, and adds with pecu-
liar force that no State without its consent
shall be deprived Of its Suffrage IN the Sen
ate. The original act was neccSSaTially pass
ed in the absence OF the States chiefly tn be
affected, because their people were then
contumaciously engaged in the REBELLION
Now the case Is changed, and some, at least,
of the States are attending Congress by 10y
nj representatives, soliciting the allowance
Of the constitutional right representation.
At the time, however, of the consideration
and passing oi the BILL there was no Senator
or Representative IN Congress, from the vlcv-
en- States which are to be mainly affected 10y
its provisions.
The very fact tha; reports we're and are
made against the gnol disposition ot the
country, is an additional reason why they
need and should have representatives ot
their own in Congress to explain their coli
ditiun especially as tn accusations, and as
sist ly their laral knowledge in the perfect
ing of measures iumedi tely affecting them
selves, while the liberty of delibcrailon
would then be free, and Congress would
have full power to dcrile according to its
iudgmcni. Thee could then hc no ohjcc
tion urged that the States most interested
had not been permitted to be heard.
The OF iuiun is ti.lEly fixed in the mind
| of the American reuplc that there could be
no taxation without representation. Great
| burdens are now to be borne by all the
country, and we may best demand that they
shall be hu'ne without murnur when they
arc voted by msjnlity OF the representa-
tiv of all the people. | would not inter-
| frre with the unquesionablc right Of Con
| gress to Judge, each House for itself, of the
elections returns and qualifications Of its
! own members; hut that authority can not bc
construed as including the ighl toput ont,
| in time of peace, any State from the repre-
| scntation 10 which it is entitled to hy the
| CVMI.!Ui.Jn.
At r"c-.;.... ii the rcoiAc Of eleven States
are excluded, those VINO We're RioSt faithful
luringthe war not less than Others; the State
| of TrnneSse, for instance, whose authorities
engaged in the refe2lion, was restored to all
her Constitutional relations to the Union
by the patriotism and energy Of her injured
and betrayed people before the war was
brought to "a teIminatitl0n. They had plac.
ed themselves in relations with the General
Government, had established State gov.
ernmcnt OF their own, and as they were not
included in the emancipation proclamation
they by their own act have Amended thell
Constitution so aS to abolish slavery within
the limits Of their State.
know no reason why the State of Ten
nessce. f,: example, should not fully enjo!
her Constitutional relations to the lnitet
States. The President Of Il c United States
stands toward the country in a somewha
different attitude from that Of any mcmbc
OF Congress, chosen for single district o
State. The President is chosen by the peo
,lc OF all the States. Eleven States are no
at this time represented in either branch o
Congress 1t would seen to be his duty ol
all proper occa sions to present their jus
claims to Congress, There always will b
differences of opinion in the community, AM
individuals MAJ he guilty Of transeression
of Ike law. hut those do not constitute vali
olicc.ivHs against the right Of u State /
representation.
II would in no wise interfere with the dis
cretion of Congress with regard to the qua
ifcations OF members, but | hold it my du
ty to recommend to yen III he interests c
peace; and interests Of the Union, the nj
mission of every State to is share Of pul
lie legislation when, however insubordinatC
in3uTgcnt or rebrlio,S its people may hay
been, it presents himself, not only in an at
titude of loyalty and harmony, but III II.
persons OF representatives whose loyalty ca
not be questioned under existing ConStitu
{ tional or legal tests! it is plain that an indie
, finite or permanent exclusion Of any part q
r the country from representation must DC AT
tended by a spirit Of di$quict and complaint
1t is uuwiyo and generous to pursue
, course ofmcasurcS which will unite any larg
section Of the country against another sec
ton Of the country, no matter how mucl
the latter may predominant. The course o
Immigration. development of industry ant
business and natural causes, will raise VI
at the South men rs devoted to the Unio
as those of any other part OF the land
But il they arc all excluded from Congress
If, in IL permanent statute. they arc de
clared not to be in full Constitutional rela
: tions to the country. they may think the
have cause to become unit in feeling AN
sentiment against the Government.
Untlerthc political education Of the Amer
lean people, the idea is Inherent and inerad
cabc, that that consent OF the majority {
the whole people is necessary to secure
willing acqpiscence in legislation. The bi
under consideration refers to certain of th
, States as though they had not been fully re
. ,tored to the United States If they llav
not let us at once act together to sc plre iha
t de .iralle end at the earliest possible me
: mcut,
1t is hardly necessary for me to inforl
: Congress that in my own judgment most {
those States, so far at least depends upo
+ their own action have already |ecn fIliy It
. stored, and are to be deemed to be cntitle
to crjoy their Constitutional rights as men
( hers of the Union. Reasoning from tn
Constitution itself, and from the actual sitl
t alton Of the country, feel not only cnt:tlc
f but bound to assume that with the Court
o restored in the several States, and in til
!, full exercise Of their function, the right,
n and interests of all classes Of the people vii
y with tEe aid of the military in cases of II
+. sistance to the law, be essentially prntecte
against unconstitutional infringement an
o violation.
s Should this expectation unhappiiy iai
q which do not anticipate. then the EXccl
tive is already armed with the powers COZ
:. feIrcd by The net of March, 1868 establiSl
4 ing the Freedmen Bureau, and hercafi,
as heretofore, he can employ the land an
naval forces OF the country to supprcSt il
, surrcctou and to overcome obsructions
. the laws.
return the bill to the Senate in the ca
= nest hope that IL measure involving que
;. tons aud interests OF important to the cou,
u try will not become law, unless, upon i
!. II liberatc consideration by the people, it sha
J. receive the sanction of ar enl htcncd pu
y lie Judgment.
:, Signed. ANDREW JOHNSON.
y. WASHINGTON, D. d., Feb. 10, 1866.
= -%ana~---
: Thank God and take Courage
J. Tlie Radicals Again EOiEcd
n 'F1ae senate and aEle Vet84
: EsrnGGn,nN,S ERurnslsa lpill