, 1866-12-06
QUE ITALIAN LITTER.
The Great Success of 1tnly-Vho Ac.
compl1slcd It-an ExnInlnai1ou of
CInIms-The italian Peoples chlersd
Frcedom-Blsn1nrkss Influence.

LONDON. November II, 1866.
lam not quite content to close my Italian
correspondence in the midst OF the current
festivities Of Venice without come general
reflections On the Euccess of the italian cause
and the Influences which have contributed to
1t; especially as I find the London press
pluminS itself In feathets that humhly dis
played in the TRIBUNE SIX months ago
1taly has succeeded. Who is entitled to
the glory Of the victory? The Liberal press
outside OF Italy, especially TINT OF France,
claims the credit of the,victory, and Is fairly
entitled to great praise. However,, it Is to be
noted, that the jealous partisan Is often au
obstacle rather than help to succcss, and
tie Impcrial Governments Of Europe and the
1nlperialists In faith, have not been any more
complacent towards Italy for the arguments
Of hrr friends. 1t has not required light ar
guments-tacts displayed In type-to secure
this triumph. 1t has been simply question
Of putting out of the way mass Of putrid
lrejudices, and 1t may fairly be doubted
whether tie press is the best means to this
particular end.
The French Emperor doubtless deems HIM
self the fathcr of the Italy Of to-day, aud be
certainly did contribute, for a consideration,
no ordinary impulse to the Italian move.
ment. But, As hare frequently pointed out,
he ceased to consplre in Italy, when he had
secured bis Iay tor the first successes, and
been taken In spite of bis known wishes.
The Libcral party in Europe-~hich re-
glros italy as q pet child, aud looks with dis
trust. on Biemark's Germany-is not intlls-
posed totake long credit for the redemption
of the Peninsula. It has done much, aud
on public opinion. But, on the other hand,
what say OF the press may be said of the
rariy called Libera1-tleir enthusiasm and
zeal have rather repel1ed than attracted
friends.
The par,isans Of ro5aly, termed democrat
generous nobility Of Victor Emanuel Ac-
cording to them, Italy is "tnude'' so|ely be.
cause u King had the wit to patrouize it.
" negative sense perhaps this Is true !;
Victor Emanuel, had he wished it, could
haye ruined the cause Of his countrymcn. or
at least long deferred Its triumph. But all
persons " who have lived in ItalY know that
tho King has contributed nothing positively
to the cause Of Italy. He has not been d
very bad King; that Is all. Perhaps as Kings
saying much, for Kings are good only as
they have the grace to be nohodics. Ono
who hos i:lcas aud lncddles is strIghtway a
bad ruler, because thesystem Of modern King
hood cannot tolerate an intermcddling King.
Victor Emanuel has hunted, ard carouscd,
ior the most part none. Italian success
sprung from something more positive than
this. '''@
In ltn1r parties are more or less disposed
totnkc the glory OF the triumph. The mod
crates Frat, arc ns,,a more grasping. They would
eud Of our journey, because thcy pulled, for
the whole length Of the road, at the tall Of
the cart. According to them, it is the brake
and not the steam that drive. tho train.
Brakes arc very useful and so arc moderate
to some credit for acting us brakesmen ;;
though they have injudtciously kept the
brake constantly down.
The Italian Liberals 1oay crc.lience, that Is
the Republicans, Mazzini & Company, arc
trlnmphcd, uud That ii they Lad been listen
ed to Italy would have Rome for capital, a
f1oNrishinr treasWy-and every good thing
which she larks. With every disposition to
b. generous towards this patty, I must cx-
want of policy have been IN obstacle about
e4nal to the force oftheir enthusiasm.
Then there are partisans of rsrtEclar men
who clamor In our ears TINT this or that
alazzini Or Palurrston-for the range is ~
wide US thls-has fought the battle alone
aud won 1t by individual yalor and stcadiast-
ness. Cayour may bc set down as the chief
elaimant1by pos'hunous proxy-for the
honor. He did much--more than any other
man, excepting always the greatest
p1eaaet alIaef-'nt he .no%ss Mss himself nns
The student Of his life and writings will be
struck with the fact that hc seems to have
seldom or lever touched the great height Of
the Italian argument. He was incarnatc
Ilausibility, Macchiavelli risen again with
II cestain elcdgr.hammcr force, superaddcd
chiavelli was the theoretical type Of him !;
but such nau is never a creator, con-
structor. Cavour knocked down corner of
the old Austrinn wall, because he WAS strong
and had Wit about striking; but he would
Just as soon have beaten down WaidcnsiAu
done If that had been the fashion. a most
sare man to be born in Italy, this Cavour ;
hccause craft is very rare outside Of the
MonasteIies-and Of a very simple order
t1cre-and Cavonr was Crafty enough to
hnodwink Louis Napoleon when the En-
per"r bad yet somr shrcwdness Of his own :
but the spiritual force that made Italy did
not reside in Cayonr; lie was rather dis
guslsd ut sight OF it, aud never professcd to
love it.
Such triumph as that of Ita1v must be
the resnl: OF many forces conspiring to the
one end bnt wha! makes them so conspsre!
At any time in the last five years, the whole
Tork must nave gone adrift but for some
great force holding it together. Perhaps
within the year. have myself expressed the
fear that 1t was all abroad never to be gath
cred dagntn-cestninly have felt such a fear,
aud, at all events, few men Of the world hare
believed In 1taly until this last moon.
Now, on the contrary, every man of the
world believes in Italy. Nobody has any
donbt about 1t; :; nobody, doubts that he al
Ways thought So; ana the stupidest Philis-
tine OF them all would pommel you sounl1y,
II you expressed doubt thst Italy deserves
to bc united. True, he generally argues that
it is right, because the devil wanted 1t 50, lit
IS 50 much moro potent an argument to as.
scst that thing is right because 1t Ia wrong,
INC ihiilstine logic running IN peculiar
Eroove), and the woree an argument Is, tho
more complacent1y he clews 1t but TOR all
that the result Is the same. London Tower
l. no more fixed fact to the worlds eye
than Italy Is.
The force creative of ali this must be sought
IN the nucl-abuscd Italian people. At Ven
ice, the other day, the whole city was sing
ing a little Gong sent there By ono of her H.
lnstriOus eIi1es-nALL 'OSGARo. This song,
after setting firth that neither soldier nor
cannon have accomplished the the desire Of
the Feuetlans, exclaims:
..ysn, :ysn; ARsi ARSi Il Il ssgsi,n9s,, ssgs5.nsa,,
Vwensy years Of Hope! Twenty years OF
Constancy.] And Dali 0nqaro is right. It
Is the sfcndfast will Of the Italians It Is
the potter influence of their civilization
the highest c1tant-; 1t Is the spiritual life
W. +AG NutIVus HAlNH A0fE Auu culS EEGAE
Triumph
THIS victory has, perhaps. been FASTENED
by Bismark hnt the millions stcadGtstlr
wishing ard a King, and deserving, were sure
of success nt last.
Precisely the same phcnomcnou-fur It Is 4
t'henomenn 10 the Philistinic British minds
presented on your side cofthcAtlautic. London
cannot comprehend wig you are payin. the
Satsonal debt, and your stcadincss on tue
subject Of the Southern slavc-powcR-bnrying
business is in the nature Of a miracle. Tou
ZOO have almost conquered the Philiatines,
ur6 rceent1y the shout Of approyal will ring
out so loud that you shall hear across the
Atlantic
As for italy, one appreciates her yic.
;;ors n London ',,d a,.n, more than in Ven ,
i>h vanity Is usually most rampant-can-
not refrain from affected pnaise and all the
organs Of the average men Of the wo7ld,
Wing or Tory, clanor almost rs loudly as
tie Eondolicrs VIII, have just found their long.
hustled voices in the Lagoons.
count the battle won although the 1tal-
| AN edtcc is not yet crowned. The nation
has no iGca Of stopping outside the walls oi
Eomc. They are shouting in Venetia '.RoAE
reE cArlrA1,"' and they know Just what
tlongh the, count the last struggle long
enc and perhaps hard one. Blu. outside ol
Italy the whole work Is done When the
TiHaes leads OF in ridiculo Of the Pope, and
recognize the Paral cause for Lost, public
opinion has wheeled completely round. The
world henccforvard fights on the side q
Italy. But must not pass over what seem:
TO nc TO be the most potent agency
Risinark has lemcdeled European thought
The battle Of Sadowa has accomplis led
what Mazzini cou1d not do with a life oi
preaching and couspirinc, what Cayoul
could not accomplish by the most mastery
state craft Of modern tincs-lt has made I
new world ut Europe. I find this influence
all the more wonderful that its effect on tht
Italian question is but an incident, thai
DismasI scarcely willed this result, and that
| the movement he has scs ynin- in Errnany