, 1866-09-25
OUR ITALIAN LETTER.

md transfer 1t to the Venetian,
have caused neither surprise nor
pleasure In Italy. Despite official reticence,
NC long ago comprchcudcd that the matter
Was fixed before the war as to its principles,
md that the dispatches Of the fifth Of July
settled the form Of the cession. When the
King left Florence In July, he said: "If I
am successful shall have Venice; If am
shall have 1t just the samc."
The Napoleonic letter to his Prime Minister
averred Us much. La Marmosn had In fact,
not SO much made q treaty with Prussta Us
secured IN understanding with the French
that in any case Venctia should be-
come the property Of herself and Of
Italy. The battle Of Custozza has
than that it was automatically fought. It
WIS understood that aftce battle, Austria
-belieyjng herself indicated by IN armed
resistance, successful or not, to Italy-would
consent to a surrender Of her title TO the
province. To give battle in the dircctest
way vas therefore all that Ii Marmora felt
bound to do. He gave his enemy all the nd
vantage Of position and numbers, with
clivalry worthy Of those Frenchmcn who
invited their antagonists to fire first. Hc
knew when the battle was over that Venetia
WAS won, all the more surely won that he
had not beaten his enemy, and, indeed, be-
1ieved himself beaten. Doubtless he then
supposed that the gain of Yenetia would
console the nation for the want Of success or
even for defeat.
The pains taken to make this appear a
drd,rn battle, falls In with the general mar
agement Of the affair, and to this day tho
omclal papers constantly SPEAK OF 1t rs an
insucccss."
But there had crown M In italy a great
popu1ar mower and hi, hover ha. ,nstcd
+. Ma,roro fr,,n 1,,a Moi, MAJ. s,a co,,.
10 . t.en ".s -. p,aso anu eo
the outside world believe, because his mill
tary capacity has been shown to be less than
h1s M dinsnmac1 IN 1ho,an~hiv @ ~ at.a ng-osed o ~
-. ~ na.,os Ia ~" s.Sua sar .a.,, 49,, ~
1 ~ .us naton. nau sae puonc any sucn con
represented. single military hluuder would
earned by q lifetime spentin assiduons climb
ing up the ladder of promotion. His fall Is
the national condemnation pronounced upon
that French policy to WHICH ne are asked to
credit the acquisition Of Venctia, and indeed
the whole making Of Italy. The bargain
bound the national faith, and because, hav-
ing paid the whole price, In national huniilia-
ton, It would be silly folly to decline taking
our advantage therefor.
10ere mas oeen from tne nfst momenL OF
tue preparation Tor war markcd dualism
between people and Government, which can
only be explained by the pre-arrangements
which held back the Ministry aud counter
acted a1l the enthusiasm OF both people and
at' .E ,;ta;! IL MaIaora naa retaineo ms pace
~ nc Mihlst5y 10 secure thG execution Of MS
contract, md he remained there until Rica-
soil had consented to execute his unfortu-
nate bargain --..
But from first to last the people demanded
real war, an appeal to the great force of
the nation and they offered themselves and
Their property With IN enthusiasm which ap-
Pailed the Ministry: For long time, Pct.
tinengo, War Minister, would not hear Of
yolunseers-''the regular army was sufficient
for the OCCASION" But the c1amor
for volunteer army and Gasibaldl, grew so
loud that he was forced to yield to the de-
mand. Then came struggle about the NUM-
bers to be enrolled. The Ministry said ten
thousand, aud the people shouted back,
NO hundred thousand ~ Forty thou
sand Italians succeeded, By dint Of much
clamor and hard work, In getting permission
to offer their lives for the country. Then
came struggle to get arms md clothing,
which ended In the sentling to Garibaldi Of :
quantity ofcast-oT muskefs and the gracious
permission ofthe Ministry to the people to
make the rcd-shlrts required BY the yolun-
tccrs.
Garibaldi wanted to 70 to Dalmatia where
The Mountains Of the Tyrol, where regi.
mcnt of ritcmen and a fen Batteries Of lirht
nrtii5erv cnnid have Accommodated morn tf7ar
Tic best nnnointed army corps Of infantry
| armed Witt bayonets. Garibaidi was thus
thrown aEay. tie nation baked Of lis desire