New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1866-02-06

Hamilton and Madison and other trainers Of the Con.
stitutoD 10 show that the very crisis anticipated Dy
them had arrived aid that the guarantee must be per-
formed not only for the sake Of individual States bat
for the sake Of the Union to which they all belong AID
10 advance the declared objects Of the Constitution de-
clared In its preamble not merely for the sdyan;
the general welfare 1t is guarantee to each in the
interest Of ALL and therefore guarantee to ALL And
such is the solidarity Of states IN the Union that ths
and all this guarantee must be performed when the
cosas foderis arrives. As a guarantor the republic
according to familiar ast pTIhoP of the G psrty
guaranteed. When the default has occurred,
then the duty is fixed in all its Amplitude.
Mr. SUMNER then went on to examine the true oenni'
ton OF what republican form OF government ac
cording the requirements of the Constitution OF the
United States. He puts aside all illustration derived
from the speculations OF ancient philosophy he puts
aside the examples OF history as absolutely inappncaoe
and as ont OF place guide TO the Interpretation OF
the Constitution. And no puts aside the definitions OK
European writers and photographers anterior 10 he
Constitution. For allthese have the yagueness and
uncertainty OF political truth that time in Europe
He does not except Montesquieu. who
quickens and oeystes without furnishing satisfactory
guide Leaving foreign history and example, Nj
Sumner said be would bring forward the true source
Of definition Every Constitution embodes the prnci-
pies Of its trainers 1t is transcript OF their minds
II its meaning in any place IS open 70 aoaet, OF II
words are used which seem TO have no nxed sign'f'
cance we cannot Rerr II VIC turn 20 the trainers;
and their authority increases IN piopotton
TO the evidence which they have let on me question:.
By Republican form Of government our fathers PLAINLY
intended that the government which embodied thc
principles for which they had struggled Now IL II ap,
pears that through years OF controversy that they had
insisted certain principles as vital TO free govern
ment 20 the extent Of encountering tho mother
country In war that aftergard on solemn occasions
they had heraded these principles TO the world az sell
evident truths that they also declared openly tnat hey
had sustained these principles and that IN public acts
they bad embodied these principles then It IS Beyond
dispute that these principles must have entered mo
the idea Of that government which they took pains 70
place under the guarantee OF ne United STATES.
| l,nt these things can be shown. unansweraoie
under four dereB; heads First: As asserted by thy
fathers throughout the long revolutionary controversy
which eliminated in war. Secondly: As announced
| In solemn declarations Thirdly As sustained IN de-
ciared opinions. Folrthly: As embodied In pubic
Mr.. Sumner proceeded 10 show BY copious illustra-
lions from history that fathers shrugged year after
year in controversy with the Mother Country ana hen
forth 10 battle 10 establish the very principles o
which be IL now contending. To secure the natural
rights OF man and especially 10 Indicate tho eontro-
ing maxim that there can be no taxation wthout repre-
senaton. They Tough; with argument ana ,hs men
would have been no Lexington or Bunker hli ana the
colonies would have continued yet longer under Trans
atlantic rule. The irst beet proposed was n9s niue
pondence brt the establishment Of these principles, and
when az last indie was proposed II was because
1t became apparent that these principles coua DC Sc
cured In no other way. therefore tue triumph Oh a.
dependenre was the triumph OF these principles, whcn
necessarily entered into and became the
OF the RepCbic. which was then and there born
Mr. Sumpers elaborate review OF the principles
rs erted by James OTIS. John Adams fatrok henry'
hy the Colonial Assemblies OF Massachusetts, Penn.
syyanla and Virginia and finally by the Continental
Congress conclasiyely demonstrated he said the issue
II principle actually made in he controversy WIN the
mother couRtry uatil at last the wGtelTord, la1a'
ton without representation is tyranny OF our fathers
30 obnoxious across the sea, gave way 10 mat
defiant watchvord and independence Bus In
seeking independence they DID not turn their
backs upon the principles asserted throughout to the
end That end was nothing less than Repnblic with
liberty and equality rs the aniratng principles wnerc
the doyernnent should stand the consent or the
governed or where the representation for her was the
distinctive feature OF A merican institutions.
At 3.f5 the Senate went into Executive session, MI
Sumner not having concluded his speech.
Adjourned