The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1866-09-01

Correspondence Of III. Richmond Dispatch.


Ia
Correspondence OF the Richmond Dispatch.
BERLIN, August Q, 1866.
In Germany, though its people have
generally had little to do with the govern
ment OF the country, the learned class have
always shown great interest in politics. In
England this Is less the case but there the
professional politicians are usually classi-
cally educated men. A statesman there
receives his first preparation al the = nl-
ycrsitv. In America, on the contrary,
there is a much distincter separation be-
iwecn scholars and politicians, and we DO
not commonly look for profound or exact
learning in those who have devoted them-
selves 70 public life. The reason OF TINS Is
10 no found in the prominence which Ame-
r;can institutions give to politics as dis
t;nct science. 1t has its laws, which Ame-
r;caus generally prefer to learn from actual
conduct Of affairs, or from principles Of hu-
man nature, rather than from books and
its demands are such as usually to deprive
Its students Of the power Of pursuing other
branches Of learning.
In Germany it Is very different. The
mass Of the people give little practical at
tention to the conduct of affairs and SO
many whose tastes would lead them to
politics find themselves necessarily drawn
to literary pursuits. 1t devolves more
naturally on the learned to discuss ques-
tons Of social and political interest, and
they bring to these discussions not only
theory and philosophy. but frequently
much shrewdneSs and patriotic feeling
while their productions are free from the
- .tnIn xrIt Nh so off n N
attaches to the speeches and writings OF
professcd politicians. German professors
in the universities have written many wise
and useful political tracts.
Recently professor of Halle has given
vigorous expression to the general Prus-
sian feeling in relation to Saxony and to
the smaller German States. He takes the
broad ground that the political independ-
ence Of these States Is not favorable 10
liberty, and must needs be drawback to
German progress. Experience mas SHOWN
that the old constitution was a failure, and
the petty Princes served no purpose but
to exact money from their subjects and
introduce discord into the national coun-
ellis. Complete selhshness governed their
actions; they were incapable of recog-
nizing or striving after a general good, and
were continually seeking to establish or
extend their own power. Their cause
must therefore be separated from that OF
the people, and they must be sacrificed for
the sake of Germany. Prussia must not
regard the jealousy which would prevent
them from ranging themselves under her
banner, but must boldly insist on the
policy she has marked out. She has made
already concessions enough to Hanover
and Saxony, and she must not shrink from
carrying out her plans through fear OF
foreign interference.
Perhaps this unbending position Of Prus-
sia will not he untavorable to the conclu-
sion Of treaty of peace. 1t is impossible
TO learn what has been so far accomplished
in that direction. Prince Napoleon moves
from France TO Italy. Benedict is active !;
the Emperor is so closely occupied as to
be unable to attend popular fetes, and the
King of Prussia is here for the express
purpose of considering the conditions of
peace. Now and then We hear that diff
Guilty has arisen, the exact nature of which
is not stated. We are to expect Difficult
ties in so complicated relations. But
where the principal parties are anxious for
n termination of hostilities, many Difficult
ties may be overcome. In the present case,
neither Austria nor France has much to
gain from continuance Of the war, and
Prussia has suffered much, and may, more
over, fear the formation of a European
League against her if her successes should
prove extraordinary. AS for the smaller
States, they will be no bar to peace. They
have shown no military ability during the
war. At its commencement, they, for the
most part, held to Austria, probably be-
cause she was considered the stronger and
since her defeat they have for the most
part cringed to Prussia, even while grum-
bling for rights. They showed themselves
of little use to their friends, no terror to
their enemies, and without consistent or
respectable policy. So it is probable that
they will be summarily disposed of.
A further complication is to be found in
the condition of things in Italy. The wrath
of the people has descended on the heads
of the unhappy leaders, who, in spite of the
bravery of their troops, have been SO IN
fortunate in battle. La Marmora, Cialdini,
and even Garibaldi, are the objects Of the
popular displeasure. Special anger is felt
at the defeat of the fleet, because the &C
ton at LISA was first reported as victory.
This feet seemed doomed to misfortune;
a storm has recently destroyed several
ships in the Adriatic.
Recently deputation waited on Gene
raj Cialdini to thank him for his conduct
in the war. The General, while express
ing his gratitude for their kindness, de-
clarcd that he did not deserve their thanks,
that he was aware that he had accom-
plished nothing. This is very unhappy
state Of mind for General, certainly. The
King, on the contrary, has lost nothing OF
his popularity, but has received as an &C
cession the favor which has been with
drawn from the commanders. He is the
Father of his People, whose wisel plans
have been defeated by the incapacity OF
his instruments. e..
One would suppose that the invasion OF
Venetia by the Italians would be badly re-
ceived by France, and would prove seri-
Gus obstacle in the way of composition
of matters. The Paris Pafrie, however,
declares that such will not be the case,
basing its assertion on letter written by
Napoleon to the Emperor Of Austria. This
would only show that Napoleon had &C
cepted Venetia, as was intended, in trust
for Italy, and was disposed wisely to over
look these effects of Italian Jealousy. The
French are proud of the position Of their
Emperor, and the Minister Of Justice, N.
Baroche, has demanded that on the 18th
Of this munth, the Emperor's fete day,
TIE Deum be sung in the churches in graft
tude to God for the happy effect of the
moral power Of France in shortening the
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