, 1866-01-09
PROTECTION Us. FREE TRADE.

PROTECTION rs. FREE TRADE.
The Lessons of Expcr1ence-The Re-
publican Platform-A Quotation from
. SIHl-Andrcw IncRson's Reply to
Professor Waylaud4
10 the Editor Of tie Chicago Tribune: :.
The extract from Henry e. Carey's New
York speech hAs col ed out twQ-co1umn re-
ply from free trade disciple, who fortl-
des himself behind tho authority orProfessor
Wayland's school book On Political Economy,
which ia merely rehaRh Of plagiarism Of
Adam Smiths Wealth of Nations, which In
turn has ceased to be authority on Political
Economy either In England or America,
Tour correspondent Undertakes 10 say that
the free trade arguments Of Wayland ase un-
answerable," aud pronounces Henry G. Caroy
- very shallow person." This mode Of argu-
mtnt is called pesafo Prineipii-bcgging the
question-and i quite conclusive If uncha1-
lenged. but It happens to bc The fact, how
eser, that WaSland's Political Economy has
nearly ceased to be used as Textbook In
American colleges, and Carey's work On the
same subject ia being widely adopted. There
nre some things which in theory sound well,
look plausible, and captiyate the beholder,
sna YET Taen toey afe feancaa 70 practice
ana u1eo " Inc searching Iest OF experience,
tneY turn out 70 90 n1les aannfes, and rum
1oose VINO nsest .aei, "ones N eaen.
moacs no.ntng eoulo % more perfect Or al
mlaote, oot "nso pua I" astosl tt'al 'ue
uoIeo,n 1alle w., u o's se1e" sels looSc' OF
toe "nee1s' salaes, ana springs 1einse 10 ope-
fa1e u aese1apeo IN tnt lateut'
20 WIN 1ree traoe win EUROPE Ii *all 90
10 1nik apoai. men can "f'e "nole folunes
oese1lpmg ,.a a aa'snsa2 Inv nemspspera ,
eaa 20 n!lee WILL eaapteas ',om eu'1n' h14l'
eooutpt plsnI 4no ~, .Aoa, oaoni "ual
msl se4oue eo1utssoce ~ u, anu Poinl"E
ons ns ocsuate, unln VIC 0'e III eniaptureo
HAn ~. nes "Asn We epme 70 Wy ", "aen
We apply 1t to American industry, It has tue
same effect On business that the cholera has
en- the public health. Wild speculation, pan
1c, ctash and bankruptcy follow each other IN
lis ~ake- This has been The uniform e1pe-
1lence 1or aa3ay years.
There never has been financial collapse In
the United States during the existence Of a
l,{rh tariff. The country has n+vrr escsnnt
80 - :. ~ ~ a 80 80 - 1pss ~
1a1-or - ~. to~,t,, ~ xo-sc n. cr.s,, 49,
4o"eF tue Ial1u LIZ "orse lAe elas1. AM
just - coon as "ffee trade !" policy is aban-
,,.t-- ho.,;r. T., xn,.,ro 80 t,,.,...s - -
~ ae.t,-ss. -ss.s, ~ . ~ " psos.
p-., ~" ~ Ts.1s ~ Suo usstptes "
etu'tn ~ ~ ooiaou" anu veo' oo'!s
ae a ~. .a", anu" 60 - IaAe aoo'ner expert
.uaa.r neu1 ".An .1sn r. nunps. IL eoes seem
n.s .eaaS sns 49, s.ss - .e seae.aaone ousnl
ssa s.,' oa. ~ 1s IN, on uaP' nov
-, a.asa, ~. - :, ..@r w. "e na.e
49, 80" -. - ~ ,sss",a9 p ~ o'teu,
@ es. ~ ne~s. n. !. ooiAs' VIC "lu
1s~f 80 ~. -
os lug as aAas =. snc !1oe uAae oaS
c4We te'te " LUG a7suupllon .a4I ouaes on
tottsu goous 4se oount'cs 70 the manuiao-
- 1ul..' ~ p pa!o ~ LIZ eoueae, aug .aa'
-. ~ ~ 80 - - " 10 'u .os tHe pea-
~. .s.ra - | a,.s,, ,asas - 80 ~ 80 ~
ss er,.s.. ~ lily H.. 49, t.ss ,o.,, ~uo a'..e'o
...,a,. ~. .Sass7. ~ ~ se ~ q ',is4en
49, 49,. ~. - .-s tAs1as- " oao Icy 1uos.
-, ~ - o aaaS,e 49, A Aetn1oy "1Aes
49, ss7'4 N''4' A1-'o aN'ts" "@siA'a 10
.p,s.s.t.or; +. -.
ever ne fs,ntrs NAV faYe heen 5e,n3.d h, t}s
rast with Tie song q :. bringing The prodacer md
.'1 .h:s rhc; h,I VI not ne s!oS ~ earn.
one may c4s up The atlsr. 10 :
ennt ~ "a and ~ to;1 o.1 ns e. @ 1ne 2t
il vhas il meant y bllngfng the two tocu.htr.@'
1r r1aet4ee protective tariff has I'd such
"1uear!nE" or effect. True, 1t raises the
price Of goods, Lus Il also r,ises kh< prfce of1a-
bor and Of food In corresponding degree. II
lhe fAznar has to paJ fifty per cent more for
his store goods he gets ffty or hundred
per cent more for bis products, and the Jour
neymsn obtaius In the same proportion more
Tor his work Go back to ths Jackson tariff
of 1924, or the Clay tariff of 1E4e, OF the Nor.
Of labor and the price Of farm products went
up pnri passu with domestic manufactures.
Let the present tariff be cut down to
standard acceptable to the FREQ traders, and 1
grant the effect will be to reducs tho price Of
cloth, iron, cotton, linen and other fabrics;
bat the mechanics wages, the clerk's salary
and far1ner'a grain, meat and vegetables viii
come down Just a. much in proportion. The
part passu will be maintained on the descend
ing Is 1a1thfn1ly az on the ascending scale.
Indeed, past experience teaches that, under
a free trade system the farmer suffers more
than the artisan. It Is, therefore, wholly IN
true that protection 10 American manufac-
tures taxes the many for the benefit Of the
few On the contrary, the benefits arc dis
tsibuted with remarkable equality among all
classes.
The statement OF your free trade corespon-
dent, That bringing the producer aud con-
surner together results In the manufacturer
eating up the farmer, ts csr.Alniy the most
absurd assertion that ever eaw In print.
Why do farmers living close to towns thrive
20 much better than those at distances from
towns: Why are farms located near to#ns
and cities 60 much more valuable than farms
away from them? Simply because such
farmers have home market close at hand
for all their bulky and pefishable products
which will not bear distant transportation,
and yet yicld the largest profits where mst-
ket can be obtained for than. "A
tanner within mile Of large
manutactory, town or city Ia worth
as much as two such farms few miles
oH T+pnsnorf of7nn ~nrrtrp1ae fha tt,no y,o.v