Daily national Republican. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1862-1866, 1866-02-19

tpeople more thsn for mother. Pending the Nh
kostibe Government, but Il was never intended
mat they should thenccforth be fed clothed, edu
Gated, and shslisred by tina un.tsd- Btatss.- The
Idea on which the slaves were assisted 10 free
1 dom was, that, on becoming free, Ithey woald DO
" self-sustaining population. 'hny Regulation
that shall imply that they are not expected to
attain self sustaining condition must have 4
tenaency ipjuriop alike TO their character and
Thefppointmspt Of nagsnt for every county
| and parish will create an Immense patronage
and tho expense Of the numerous olloers and
si' 81 h .PsssssS y w sss i :sss
| steadily to increase. Tho appropriations asked
BY the Preedmen's Bureau, as now established,
for the year 1855, amountto eli, 745, 900. II may
be safely estimated that the cost to be Incurred
under the pending bill will require double that
amount-more than the, entire sum expended In
any one year under the Standardization Of the
second kdsms. 1.-THE presspce Of agents in every
parish and county IL to be considered Ma war
measure, opposition, or eren resistance, might
be provoked; 30 that, 70 give effect 10 their IN.
riedictionj troops would have to be stationed
s,,nin ts.Sh Of ;Stry one q .sss and aa,
Large appropriations wonld therefore be required
TO sustain and enforce military Jurisdiction In
every county or parish, from the Potomac to the
is sneourss ing but in order 10 sustain the pres.
emit measure u public confidence, Il DO nepesssry
that We practice not merely customary economy,
bat as fsr as possible, sssysIe re'renebment.
the hfh section Of the bfft proposes to take away
land from It's former owners without any legal
proceedings being frst had, contrary to that pro.
vision Of the Consultation which declares thsfho
person shall "be deprived Of bfst liberty, or
property, without due process Of law. Z" 10 does
not appear that part Of the lands 10 which this
section refers may not be owned By minors, or
Ps..on, q 1n: =: mind Or BY those who baye
Of the United States. II any portion Of the land
Is held by such personsy u is not competent for
any authority 70 deprive them Of It. II, on the
other hand II be found that the property Is liable
to eonascation, even then u cannot be appropri,
pIiated to public purposes until, by due projects
Of law, II shall have been declared forfeited to
the Governments so. H
grounds seriously Affecting the class, OF persons
10 whom Il IL designed to bring relief. It will
tend to keep the mind Of the freedman In a state
Of uncertain expectation and restisssness5 while
TO those among whom he lives a will be q source
Of constant and vague apprehension,
Undoubtedly the freedman should be pro-
tected, but no should be protected by the civil
Authorities especially By the exercise Of all the
States and Of the States. His condition Ia not so
exposed as may at hrst be imagined. He 10 In q
portion OF the country whore his labor cannot
well be spared. Compstition for his services
ffom planters, from those whe are constructing
or repairing railroads. and from capitalists in his
vfcluAge or from other States, will enable him TO
almost his own terms He also pos.
abOde, and II, therefore, he does not ind in lone
community or State mode Of life suited to his !
desires, or proper remuneration for his labor, he
eau move TO another, where that labor 10 more |
estee med and better rewarded. In truth, how |
ever, each State, induced by its own wantsba and |
interests, will do what Ia necessary and proper
to retain within Its borders all the labor that IL
needed for the development Of Its resources. The
laws that regulate supply and demand will |
their force, aud the wages Of the Ia. |
borer will be regulated thereby. There il no |
danger that the exceedingly great demand for |
labor will not operate In favor Of the laborer.
Neither 10 sufficient consideration given TO the |
ability OF the freedmen to protect and take care \
d themselves. II Is NO more than justice to |
hem 70 believe that, a. they have received their
freedom with moderation and forbearanee, 30
hey will distinguish themselves by their indus
Try and thrift, and soon show the world that In
! condition Of freedom they are self.sustaining,
,apable OF seleetiUg their own employ ment and
heir own places OF abode, OF Insisting for them
'elves on proper remuneration, and Of estab.
tshing and maintaining their own asylums and
schools. II Is earnestly hoped that Instead Of
Wasting away they will, by their own.sGor's,
,iiity and prosperity. Il is certain that they
ian attain to that ndition only through their
'wn merits and exertions. ..... - ....r
In this connection the query presents itself
Fhether the system proposed by the bill will
lot, when put into complete operation, practi-
ally transfer the entire care, support, aud con-
rol OF four millions Of emancipated slaves to
gents, oyerseers, or tsskmaslers, who, appointed
Il Washington, ars 10 be located In every county
md parish throughout the United States contain
ny freedmen and refugeesr Such system would
seyItably tend 70 = concentration OF power In
he Executive which would enable him, n. so
lisposed, to control the action Of this numerous
lass, and use them for the attainment Of his own
political ends.
cannot bat add another very grave objection
o this bill The Constitution I'm peratiyely do
lares, in CONNECTION with taxation, that each
tate SHALL have at least one Representative, and
xes the rule for the number to which, In future
lines, each State shall be entitled. II also pro.
'ides that the Senate OF the United States SHALL
10 composed Of two Senators from each State,
nd adds, with peculiar force, ithSt NO State,
Without It's consent, shall be deprived ofsits
quail suffragein the Senate, The original act
gas necessarily passed In the absence Of the
tates chiefly to be affected, because their people
Eere eontu maciously engaged In the rebellion.
low, the case Is changed, and some, Al least, OF
hose States are attending Congress by loyal
soliciting the allowance OF the
right Of representation. hths time,
owever, Of the consideration and the passing |
this bill there was no Senator or Representa-
I've In Congress from the eleven States which
re to be nainly affected by its provisions. The
cry fact that reports Were and are made against
no good disposition OF the people Of that portion
the country Is an additional reason why they
wn in Congress, to explain their nditton reply
accusations, and assist, by their local kuowi-
ige, In the psrfecting Of measures Immediately
fecting themselves. While tho liberty Of de-
Iteration would then be free, aud Congress
Tould have full power to decide according to
= Judgment, there could be 10 objection urged 1
hat the States most Interested had not been per.
lifted 10 be heard. q
The principle Is firmly fixed In the minds OF the !
meriean people, that there should be no taxa
on without representation. Great burdens have q
ow to he borne by all the country and We may q
est dsfnand that they shall be borne without
lurmur when they are voted hy a majority OF
70 representatives Of all the people. I would
OF intarfere with the uuquestionable right Of
ongress to Judge, each HOUSE for itself, "ofthe
Iections, returns, and qualifications OF Its own
LENDERS. ~ But that authority cannot be con-
rued Is including the right to shut out, in time
Z peace, Apy State from tho representation to
'hich II ID eptitled BY the Constitution. At
resent, all The people OF eleven States are ex-
ar mol less than the others The State OF Ten I
sssee, for Instance, whose authorities Engaged,
rebellion was restored to all her constitutional
,lations Il the Union by the patriotism aud en-
-gy OF her injured and betrayed people. Before Q
lsBAr was brought to 0 terminatioh, they had
laced themselves In relations With the General .
overnment, had established a State govern
ant Of their own, aud, ~ they were not in
udsd In the emancipation proclamation, they,
y their own act, had amended their constitution
as TO abolish slavery within the limits Of their
ate, know no reason why the State Of Ten
assoc, for example, should not fully enjoy "all d
Or constitutional relations to the United States
The President Of the United States stands to-
ards the country in q somewhat different atti-
de from that Of any member OF Congress- Bach v
smber Of Congress Is chosen from single dis
let or State; The President IL chosen by the
sople Of all the States. As eleven States are not
this time represented In either branch OF Con-