Nashville union and dispatch. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1866-1868, 1866-12-05

free GoveTenents are Destroyed" washington
spoke these Words 20 his eOuntrymen,
when followed by their love and gratitude,
be Voluntarily retired from the cares of public
life. TO keep in all things within the
pale OF our constitutional poHers, and cherish
the Federal Union as the only rock of safety :"
were prescribed by Jefferson rs rules of action to
endear 70 bis %countrymen thetrue principles Of
their ConstHHtion, and promote union Of sem
timent and action equally suspicious to their
happiness sAd safety Jackson held that the
action ofths General Government should always
be strictly confined 10 the sphere Of its ApprO-
pirate duties. Saa Justly and fsrcibIy urged that
our Govern Asnt Is not to be maintained nor our
UHfeh preserved " by invasiOns of the rights and
powers OF the several states In thus attempt
ing to make our General Government strong We
make i weak. Its true strength consists in leav-
ing individuals and States as much as possible to
themselves; IN making itself felt, not in its
power bat in its benehcence; not in its control
but in its protection: not in binding the States
more closely TO the centre, but leaving each to
movo UNRESTRICTED in its proper constitutional
orbit. These ara the teachings Of men whose
deeds and services have made them illustriOus
and who, loAg since Withdrawn from the scenes
OF life, have left to their country the rich legacy
Of their example, their wisdom, and their patri-
otism. Drawing fresh inspiration from their les
sons. let us emulate them in love Of country and
respect for the Constitution and the laws. H
s.I8 THE TREASURY. -f
The report IF the Secretary of the Treasury
affords much Information respecting the revenue
and commerce Of the country. His views upon
the currency, and with reference to a proper adj
justment Of our revenue system, internal as we'll
a. lmpost, are commended TO the careful con-
sideTatiOn of Congress. In my last annual
message l expressed my general views upon
these subjects. l need now only call attention
TO the necessity Of carrying into every depart
ment 81 the government a system Of rigid ac-
eonnt2bility, thorough retrenchment. and wise
economy With ne exceptional nor unusual ex-
penditures, the oppressive burdens of taxation
ALL HI - - -.
revenue laws as will be consistent with the pub
nc faith. and the legitimate and necessary wants
Of the government.
The report represents a much more satisfae-
tory condition Of our finances than one year ago
the most ssnguine could have anticipated.
During thehsca year ending the S0th June, 1865,
the last year OF the war, the public debt was in
creased $50, t92537, and on the 3lst Of
October, 1855 il amounted to $2,740,S54, $50.
On the 3lst day Of October, 1856 ii had been re-
duced TO g. So 3d. 06. the diminution. during a
period Of fourteen months, commencing Septem-
Der l, 1865, and ending october 81. 1876, having
been s2O6,379,565. In the last annual report on
the state q the finances, il was estimated that
during the three suarters of the fiscal year end
ing the goth Of June last, the debt would be in
creased Sll2l949F. During that period, how
ever. it was reduced $3l, 1887 the receipts of
the year having been $50, 905,905 more, and the
expenditures 500 $50 235 less than the estimates.
Nothing could more clearly indicate than these
statements the extent and availability of the
national resources, and the rapidity and safety
with which, under our form of government, great
military and naval establishments can be dis
banded, and expenses reduced from a war to a
peace footing.
During the fiscal year ending the SOth of June,
1850, the receipts were 1856, 032 60 and the ex-
penditures $3.50 $50, $40, leaving an available sur
plus of 81, 81 $50 1t is estimated that the re-
eeipts for the fiscal year ending the 30th June,
1867, will be $40 06l 1856, sRd that the expendi-
lures will reach the sum of $3l6. 42S07s, leaving
N the Treasury a surplus Of sl5S,633, sos. For
the fiscal year ending June 80, 1865 it Is estima-
ed that the receipts will amount to S436 Co., 00
and that the expenditures viii be $3.50 "a, OIL
showing an excess of SIS, T52 1853 in favor of the
Government. These estimated receipts may be
diminished by reduction of excise and import
duties: but after all necessary reductions shall
have been made the revenue of the present and
of the following years will doubtless be sufficient
to cover all legitimate charges upon the Treasu-
~, and leave large annual surplus to be applied
to the payment of the principal of the debt.
There seems now to be no good reason WHY taxes
may not be reduced as the country advances in
population and wealth, and yet the debt be ex-
tngulshed within the next quarter of q century.
. THE ARMY.
The report of the Secretary of War furnishes
valuable and important information in reference
to the operations of his Department during the
past year. Few volunteers now remain in the
service, and they are being discharged as rapid
ly is theytcan.be replaced by regular troops. The
army has been promptly paid, carefully provided
with medical treatment, well sheltered and sub
oAeb6l anu lc 10 NC Win DTeecl-lOa0lng
small arms. The military strength of the nation
has been unImpaired by the discharge of volun-
tcers, the disposition of unserYicable or perish
able stores, and the relrenchment of expendi-
ture. Sufficient war material to meet any emer-
gency has been retained, and. from the disband-
ed volunteers standing ready to respond to the
national call, large armies can be rapidly organ
lied, equipped, and concentrated. FOrtifcations
on the coast and frontier have received, or are
being prepared for more powerful ornaments;
lake surveys and harbor and river improvements
are IN course OF energetic prosecution. Prepara-
tons nave been made for the payment of the
additional bounties authorized during the recent
session of Congress, under such regulations as
will protect the Government from fraud and
secure to the Observation-Disclosures soldier the
well-earned reward of his faithfulness and gal
lantry. More than siXlthOusand MANNED soldiers
have received artificial limbs or other surgical
apparatus; and tOrty-one national cemeteries,
containing the remains of l04525 Union soldiers,
have already been established. The total esti-
mate OF military appropriations is 81, 205,6 69.
THE NAVY. ...
1t is stated in the report of the Secretary of the
Navy that the naval force at this time consists
of two hundred and seventy eight vessels armed
with two thousand three hundred and fffy-one
guns. OF these, one hundred and fifteen vessels
carrying one thousand and twenty-ninc guns
are in commission. distributed chiefly among
seven squadrons, The number of men in the
service is thirteen thousand six hundred. Great
activity and vigilance have been displayed by
all the squadrOns, and their movements have
been judiciOusly and efficiently arranged in such
a manner as would best promote American COM
merce, and protect the rights and interests of our
countrymen abroad. The vessels unemployed
are undergoing repairs, or are laid up until their
services may be required. Most Of the iron-clad
heet IS at League Island, in the vicinity Of Phil
adelphia, a place which, until decisive action
should be taken by Congress, was selected by the
Secretary Of the Navy as the most eligible loea-
ton Tor that class Of vessels. 1t is important
that suitable public station should be provided
for the irOn-clad feet 1t is intended that these
vessels shall be in proper condition for any
emergency, and 1t is desirable that the bill ac-
cepting League Island for naval purposes, which
passed the House of Representatives at its last
session, should receive final action at an early
period, in order thatthere may be suitable pub
lie station for this class of vessels, as well as a
navy yard Of area sufficient for the wants of
the service, on the Delaware river. The Naval
creased 81 100, 600 during the year. The expendi-
lures of the Department for the fiscal year end
ing 9Oth June last were $40. 324 526 and=the est-
mates for the coming year amount to So, 56S 496.
Attention IS invited 10 the condition of our sea-
men, and the importance Of legislative measures
for their relief and Improvement. The suCges-
tions in behalf Of this deserving class Of our fell
low-citiZens are earnestly recommended to the
favorable attention of Congress.
POsToFFICE DEPARTMENT.
The report of the Postmaster General
presents a most satisfactory condition of
the postal service, and submits recommen-
datiOns which deserve the consideration of