davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05

tlRST GLASS PIANOS
We have the Largest and best Assorted stock Of
Pianos in the city, which for power and sweetness
oftone, easy and agreeable touch, and beauty of
Finish, have, by judges, been pronounced unriva He'd.
eS Particular attention paid TO the selection of
instruments FOR distant orders, and a privilege of
exchange granted at any time within six months,
the instrument should not prove entirely ~satisfac-
tory. A liberal discount to Clergymen, Teachers
and Schools. Terms liberal.
Wholesale Dedlers will find Il to their advantage
to give US a call, as by greatly increased facilities
We are enabled to fill orders with dispatch.
az Persons in want of a Re0EHy FIRST Class pi.
dno will do well to call before purchasing elsewhere.
Wholesale Agents for CARHdRT, WEEDNAW
6 co.'s Celebrated
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05
the gentleman "A moment.

viz ~ ti'iitCtit.
Mr.. Whaley-I ask the gentlcman'sp par
don, and that of the Chair, for saying a nc
ment since that I was not debating the re-
port. Il had forgotten that I had not the
floor. daughter. =
Mr.. Hubbard, of Iowa-Ict me- make a
single additional remark. do not make
this motion for the purpose ofassailing the
commissioner of Agriculture, o, of max
ing any attack whateverupon that Bureau.
/ regard thar Bnro M as of very great val
tie and Importance to the country, provi-
ding it is properly managed and conduct
ed; but in my estimation there is most I'M
rardonable extra vagauc~ in connection
with this experimental garden that ought
not to be tolerated. The report to which I
have alluded, shows it, and for that reason
i have made my motion in regard to the
particular items I nave named. | believe
that the sun of $1,000, if managed with
proper economy, is amply suflicientto car
nv o. the business of that garden.
Mr.. Whaley-I hope the committe will
indulge me for n moment, for, rs every
member win bear witness: 7 have occupied
but very little of the time of the House du-
ring the present session. 5-s
Several members-Go,on.
Mr.. Whaley-I desire to say n word in
reply to the gentleman from Iowa, (Mr.
Ebabbard) about the person who he says,
has received so much money. daughter
He conveyed the idea that that person had
got his place there through my recommen-
dation. [Gpeat laughter.l Now, L will
say one thing here, which I wish to be dis
.inctly understood; the only persons !
have recommended, a beer tne wives
n daughters of our brave soldiers. Time
n time again 1 have gone to the honora-
bile Chairman of the Committee on Agri-
culture, and asked him to sign the recon-
mendations to the Commissioner of Agri-
culture. I think if there is any class of
persons that we should take care of. that
should he taken care of by indifferent de-
partmonts oftire Government, and by any
body else, they are the wives and daugh-
tiers Of our brave soldiers. Outside of them
L have written no recommendation, so
have made none.
Mr.. Grinnell-Then we are to under
tand that hes gentleman from West Vir-
ginia tMr. Whalcy) did not get this Mr..
EFT Al" his place in the AGRICULTURAL Blu
reau. as ....
Mr.. Whaley-I deny the charge that 1
recommended any one but the wives and
daughters of our brave soldiers. laugh
teri rs
The amendment was not agreed to.
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05

J. b. Fr.AaG, Agt. Ottumwa. "
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05
WARRANT 1T IN EVERY CASE.

Letters reach us every day from persons in every
pa TT of the land, telling Of the miraculous cures IL
has performed, whilst our best physicians are con-
stantly urging us to tell tn EN- the formula from which
1T is made, saying its effects are wonderfully; its sue.
cess beyond oil precedent, and its cures in even the
most aggravated cases as certain as sunrise. IL
will stop distress after eating in a moments time;
sw veten r sour stomach AS soon as j. IL t,ken; relieve
pains or cramps in the stomach or bowels instanta'
neously, and enable The dyspeptie suseTer Who has
lived ior years on Graham bread and the ,rlainrst
diet to eat a hearty meal without fear Of any trouble
fron il. We earnestly ask one trial from every sGf-
ferer. Sold by druggists everywhere, 81 per bottle,
or six bottlesfor IS.
G. G. CLARK & CO.,
.L1.E.s proprietofs, New Haven, Conn.
LORD a SMITH, Gen eral Western Agents, % Lake
street, Chicago, III ..r.....
TAYL0R, BLAKE & 20, Wholesale and retail
agents, 0ttumwa, Iowa.
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05
FRENCH PERIODICAL DROPS

to the public as superior TO any remedy known as a
corrective OF Irregularities, for impressions and OBJ
Structions; and always reliable and safe except when
prohibited Ia my circular accompanying each bottle.
/ have appointed Messrs c. G.. Clark & Co., wholesale
Druggists Of his city, my general agents for the Uni
ted States. Price 81 ~ per bottle. Sold by drug
gists everywhere.
Prepared by J. l.. LYON, NJ. D.,
-. Z. New Haven, Connecticut.
LORD & SMITH, General Western Agents, % Lake
street, Chicago, Illinois.
TAYLOR, BLAKE & CO, Wholesale and Retail
Agents, ottunwa, Iowa. i~Qiy22-8md1yw
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05

Aliens Lung Balsam contains no Opium In An Y
form. 1t is perfectly harmless for the most delicate
child. -.... ....lt g. a...-
C~onsumptives would d. well to read his TT, atise
upon Diseased Lungs.
sxy0 1t lisa good remedy. Try IL. For sale by
the Proprietors, }. N. HARRIS a. Co., Cincinnati o.
Price 81 per bottle. Sold by Medicine Dealers
throughout tho city and country.
Sold Wholesale and Retail by Taylor, Blake & Co.
w. Z. Coz an, ?. Utecht, 0ttunwa :. II. j. J. Il,
Glenn, Eddyyillc. M
The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1866-04-05
BEST DYSPEPSIA MEDICINE
e sr:1Hhace n CN~c sEs Every
Instance,

! When Observation-Disclosures 70 the dircc-
tons which accompany each hottie Clergymcn;
Physicians; Merchan's; Professional Gentlemen in
anStations In life-onr most eminent men in public
positions-all who have ever used or accn IL used.
join in The most unlimited praise of its merits; and
men and women, old and young, by the thousands.
testify and will tell you that II is the most wonderful
remedy of the nineteenth century, whilst the pro
prietors X 7.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13
The District Courts.

Judge WIcKLIFFE has received his COM
mission, and will proceed, under the law, to
organize his Court for the dispatch of business.
The Court Of Appeals have made and pub
lishcd regulations for the sittings of the Dis
trict Courts, as follows:
"The Quarterly Sessions Of the several Dis.
trct Courts, to be continued SO long as the
despatch of business may require, shall COM
mcnce on tho days following to wit:
For the Districts of Anderson, Edycfield
Kchand, Union and Williamsburg, on the
second Monday III January, April, July and
For the Districts of pickcns, Bornwc,,
New berry, York and Horny, on the third Mon.
day in JANUARY, April, July and October.
For the Districts of Greenvilc. Beaufnrt
Sumter, Lancaster and Marlborough. on tho
fourth Monday in January, April, July and
October
we have omitted some of tho Districts
Each District Judge will procure iurv
list and jury box, and will hold special court
Tor drawing of juries as required by law: but
IN each District the first session for tho ordi.
nary transaction Of business, will be held On
the day above appointed for that District
which follows next after the first day of jam.
ary next"
-
PHILADELPHIA, Oct 0-Noon. The cleo.
ton is progressing quietly, and evidently n
large vote is boing polled. Both parties are
bringing out cvcry voter possible, and each
profess to be confident of succcss Repuhli-
can papers just issued assert that there are
large Republican gains. Tho reelection Of
Myers in the Second District is claimed The
Democrats have a largely increased majority
In tho First District in this CITY. The rodicnl
candidate for Congress will have 5000 major.
ity '''
2. M.-Roturns indicate tho election Of
aandail, Democrat, in tho First District !;
oMelll, Republican, and Lemuel Myers, Re.
publican, in the Third; Kelly Republican,
and Taylor, Republican, in the Fifth Cnkc
hepnblican, in Tenth District The last two
need confirmation. Returns from fourteen cen
wards wards abont half of the city, show Demo.
cratic gain of about 1000. Scattering 70.
turns up to this hour show both RanuhI;oan
can be given. '''''''''
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13
Notice

| s HEREBY GIVEN thnt onnlicoti tion ,,;ll ~
a made to tho Legislature, at the noxt regular
session. for I'M net to Incorporate tho .I.n,lea.
Walhalla. s. O.. W
AuSust 25, 1866 pr,. Am
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13
Military Order.

'lE"Do kS l'EP fMENT OF TIE SOUTH, rs
Charleston, s. g., Sept. /, 1865. So
General Orders No ~
L. Organizations of white or colorcd ncr.
sons bearing arms, or intendcd to be armed,
not belonging t, the military or naval forces
of the United Stntcs. are unauthorized, and
will not be allowed to assemble parade patrol,
drill, make arrests or exercise any authority.
This will not he construed to prohibit tho law
ful enrolment of the militia.
IL. Armed bands Of outlaws known ns
Regulators" engaged in acts Of hostility
against the United States forces, or in drprc-
d"tions and outragcs upon tho persons md
property of we'll disposed citizens, will be .
deemed and treated as Ener,illas. by Com
mantsing Officers, and when captured, will bc
sum'narily punished according to the circum-
stances of the case, pnr-,lant to General Or
der No 90, Way Departments; Adihtant Gen
| erals Office, Washington, May lIth, 1865.
Commanding Officers Of Posts are authorized,
when these Banditti can,nt be dispersed bv
means of the regular garrisnls to accept tho
services of such citizens may be willing to
assist in capturing the offenders and their ac-
cumpIiccs.
I'LL. Associations, or asscmthgcs. composed
| Of persons who served in the rebel forces, har-
, ing tor their object the pcrpctuaton Of any
military or civil organization engaged in tho
| rebellion, or the commcmoration Of any of tho
acts OF the insurgents prior to the final sur
render, will not be permitted This prohibit
ticn will MT be enforced against any society
formed for charitable purpose, which shall
in good faith conlinc its action TO tile relief of
the poor.
w. All flags, orfnanec. equipments and
other materials of war uscd by tho insurgents
during tho rchellon excepting only the side
arms and private property Of officers reserved
| to them by the terms Of surrender, together
with all official records, books, papers and cor
| rcspondcncc relating te tho rebel fore 3 and
agents and their efMn,tions, are the property
| OF the United States and will bo turned over
to the nearest Post Commander, who will re.
ccpt for the snmc.
By command Of
MaiorGcncraT D. e. STCKLES.
j. w. CLous, lst 1t. IT, s. Inft Bvt.
Capt. u S. ~ Act. Asst Adj't Gen.
WAsl'INGToS, Oct. 0.-Speci;r dispatches
report that Bcrk's county has given 5000
Democratic majority, and Allegheny 1000
Rcpab1icnn Both reports need authenticity.
a special to the (" Chronicle - saws pcndIe-
t"" ao"tN" for Coogrcss in Oiuc7n"ots,
Ohio, by large majority.
NEW YoRK, Oct 2-Thc {" New York
Herald " SAYS that Santa Anun ia ne,.ot;a,;".,
loan of $500 900 in behalf of Mcx;cn Wiz
somn nros,oot t'oro ~ ss - ps'''" VI -AoA'eo' W"n
Special dispatches received here from
nunber Of town elections in Conncct;cut hs,S
yesterday, report that nearly MI tho nfucca
heard from have been carried by tho Rad;cals
by increased maioritcs.
-. = ..--. t.
ToRoNro, G. w.. Oct IA tho A,s;v,.
held here to day the Feniau nrisnncrs xsr,
served Will. copies of the indictments nrai,,se
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

numerous and hitherto dependent class of per-
sons recently clothed with civil rights, and
made amcnablc to the obligations of citizens.
by command of Maj Con. ID. Il. SIcKLEs. !
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13
RECEIPTS

inc following persons have paid on their sub.
scripllon to the CoURiER, as follows:
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

DaS" Cotton has gone down, in Now York,
to 81 a 80. Gold: 40.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

GaS~ The, post Office at Five Mile, in this
District, has been re-opcned, and Mrs. MA,
HALA THOMPSON appointed postmistrcss.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

VIZ aIlouS 'matCerS 81 puDllps sln6vreS6E EoI-i
feotsallysssolude us from, lis shis Department..
heyTThc interesting iettor Of EssG Gov PER
RY fills our first page.
E:E- The important military orders of Gen.
SIcKLEs occupy much of our space this week.
General Orders, No. 10, is Of the utmost i'm
portancc to every one
III We continue to publish the "Acts of
tho Legislature passed at the recent extra
session
E:E;" The Court of General Sessions con-
vcncs at this place on Monday next. There
nrc eight or ten capital cases to be tried, which
will probably consume the entire week
.i' - >-----.-.
GT,- We regret to learn that on the night
OF the 9th instant, CARO-, a freedman, shot and
killed JOS. WILLIAMS, of Anderson district
The occurrence took place, near Salubrity, in
this district. The freedman has been arrcs-
ted, is now iu Jail, and will, we presume, be
tried next week
icy" Read the new advertisements
bsJ" Cotton has gone down, in Now York,
to 81 80 Gold: 49,
GsS~ The, post Office at Five Mile, in this
District, has been re-opcned, and Mrs. MA,
HALA THOMPSON appointed postmstrcss.
Rg- The following is important in conncc.
tion with tho military order of Gen. Scor1
cSsf' cSassff ssacu ISL; from tsso fIealuuartcry s
dated August II, 1866, wherein the Cotton
is required to be stored until all the crop is
gathered, shall be so CT ctnstrucd as to permit
the parties TO divide at any time they ma,
mutually agree upon,
Gg" Matthew Skates, Revolutionary SOLD
Ter aged lOS, died near Cowpons battlc- c-grouna
in Spartanburg District, on the goth August
last.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

tho Legislature" passed at the recent extra
session.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

lcg" Read the new advertisements
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

Gy" Matthew Skates, Revolutionary SOLD
Ter aged lOS, died near Cowpons battle-ground,
in Spartonburg District, on the goth August
last
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

E:E- The important military orders of Gen.
SIcKIEs occupy much of our space this week.
General Orders, No 10, is Of the utmost inl,
portancc to every one.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13
PICKENS C. H., S. c.:
Saturday Morning, October l5Sls66.

Bss-- Various matters esspublip interest Of
sfeotNally xciudo us from this department.
heyY The interesting lettorof Exs Gov. PER
RY fills our first page.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

E:E;" The Court Of General Sessions con-
vcnes at this place on Monday next. There
nrc eight or ten capital cases to be tried, which
will probably consume the entire week.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

ToRoNTo, G. W., Oct At tho Assizcs
held here to day the l'enian prisoners were
served with copies Of the indictments against
them and Il list of the witnesses
The 18th Royal Elussars have arrived from
England The force of regulars in Canada is
now about 1900 and about III cannon
Thirty-tour thousand militia are on the rolls,
but not more than twenty thousand arc con.
si1ered effective
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

= ST. Louis, October 2.-Thc Anti Ra dical
Convention OF the lst Districts lave re. .noni-
hatcd lion. Jno Hogan for Congress.
Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1866-10-13

NEW York, Oct 2.-Thc New York
Herald says that Santa Anna is nesotia.;.u.
loan OF $500, 900 in behalf of Mexico, with
some prospect Of success
Special dispatches received here from
nnnber of town elections in Connecticut, held
yesterday, report that nearly MI tho places
heard from have been carried BY the Radicals
by increased maoritics
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
PEIoE oR srnsrnIPTIos.

rz- SoEubscription entered on our mail
Or q les time thsn one month.
RATES OF ABVERTTEIHu.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25

Sleeping Cars on ell Night Trains.
L. J. FLEMING,
Chief Engineer and Gen1 Supsr't.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
soUTHwEsTERs RAILROADS.
Condition aud Prospects OF the Missts-
sippi, OuHchits Rnd Red River
EaffrcaG.


Editor appeal; I have the honor
herewith to inclose copy Of special report
recently made to the board OF directors of
Mississippi, Ouachita and Red river rail-
road company, and also an article from
the Herald newspaper OF this city, show
ing the action Of the governor Of he
State in regard 10 the donation Of 257, 900
acres OF land, alluded to in said report
II viii doubtless strike you very forci-
by, on examination Of this subiect, how
deeply Memphis Is interested in the con-
struction Of this road Now the whole
trade Of the Ouachita valley, and indeed
Of most Of South Arkansas, Is confined
10 New Orleans, byreason Of being with
in easier and cheaper communication
with that market But Il this road IL
built, it viii just reverse the case, as you
will readily perceive by a glance at the
map, and put Us within easier and
cheaper communication with Memphis
Than New Orleans.
IN connection With the grand scheme
Of bringing Memphis In quicker snd
cheaper communication with European
markets through her railroad connection
with Norfolk and Charleston and Allan
tic steam navigation, this and sll other
trans-Mississippi railroads ought TO en-
gage the peculiar interests and attention
Of the business men Of Memphis.
would be glad If you give this matter
your attention, and bring our road TO the 4
notice Of the people Of Memphis, snd 4
urge their cooperation with us IN trying .
to enlist Northern capital in the enter
prise. Very respectfully,
THOMAS e. PECK,
49, E..ra r--..t--. II O 4 p p 2 p Co
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25

It viii be as unexpected as cheering
news TO our readers, To learn that ther,
e q good prospect for the speedy con-
strUctiou Of this road. Mai. Thomas G
Peck, the secretary Of the board Of di.
rect0rs, was recently sent to Little Rock
By the directory to confer with Gov.
Murphy IN regard 10 the donation Of some
250, 900 acres of land that was made by
the State 10 the road just before the war,
but the title to which was not perfec ted,
IN consequence Of the disprraugemeut
and confusion In public business that fol-
lowed the secession and subsequent milf
tary operation Of the State.
Nal Peck has informed US that bis in
terview with the governor was most sat
isfactOry and encouraging. Gov. Muir
ply expressed the warmest regard for
the interests Of South Arkansas, as con-
nected with this read, and gave ample
assurances that be would give a deed for
the land whenever, and as soon as il be-
came necessary to secure the building Of
the road.
Mai. Peck also informs rs that he has
made arrangements 70 have this enter
prise presented TO the consideration Of
Northern capitalists, and that he Is of
the opinion that upon the basis Of this
go, ,090 acres Of land, a contract can and
viii coon be made for the speedy con-
Ftruction Of the road from the Mississippi
river 70 this city. This is matter IN
which our people are deeply concerned f;
and We hope that the above statements
will awaken public interest IN its be
half Camden Herald, ApTR y.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
BOliUar PlOtCs.

WE are making the castings for this popular
w PlOw Alsg the lselebrated Allen end
league Bar, for Scrnpers and Turning PIovg
WM. A. ROBISeON G7CO
Western Foundry and Machine Shop.
marSs-lmdSTl Opposite Gayoso HOUSE.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
Important TO Travellers
EETwEEH
MEMPHIS & EASTERN CITIES.
The Crest Broad 0usgs
Atlantic and Great Western Railway

Is row open and running swo daily fast ex-
press tralus from Cinciuusd to New York and
all Eastern cities Passengers viii md this
most desirable route. The equipments OF this
road are unequaled by any on this continent
Elegant Palace Sleeping Cars accompany all
night trains, and smoking cars on al trains
Ample time Is allowed ct regular hours for
meals and the unbroken Broad Guage Offers 70
the traveller a degree OF security, conf fort and
speed not 10 be found on any other route. Con-
ucctiOns TIA Cairo, st. Louis or Chicago for this
route sre certain also connections FOR Pitts
burg, Philadelph Baltimore and Washington.
Tickets can be had and baggage checked
through al all principal Southwestern Offices.
For further Information and through tickets,
apply to LARRY HARMSTAD,
Agent ii. Cen. Railroad, u : Gerson street,
Or to L. B. IlINGTON,
Agent Chicago and 81. Louis T. road, No. Is
Madison street, Memphis, Tenn. u
SIDNEY COOK
Gel6 GayozO HOuse
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
IRVING BLOOK
VIM. RODGERS, Agent,
Merchant Tailor.

TsIRsT FLOOR ever B. J. semmes & Co.'S, has
L lust received his EpnnE stock OF Cloths
Casslnaeree Doeskins and NestfngS he would
be pleased 10 see all OF his oiq friends and Gus
TONERS and a. many new ones that viii give
him = call. Allwork guaranteed, api8-im
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
Mississippi & Tennessee Railroad.
NOTICE 10 MERCHANTS AND SHIPPERS.

A GENCIES have been established at Mem.
n phis, fernando, Cold water, Como, SRrdis
Balesyille, Oakland and Grenada t. which
points Freights can be Shipped without Pre-
payment until farther notice To ali other
points freights must be prepaid.
Much complaint Is made In consequence OF
freights being sent back from Depot. Eyery
effort Is being made by the Company to get ofl
Freights as fast as pOss, ble and a Freight Train
has been sent out DAILY for the last week but
still it IS not sufficient to meet the demRnds
With no Depot in which to receive and s.or
freight, and but slimited supply ofroIling stock
we cannot do the business which Is now offer
ing, satisfactorily 10 the public. Every exertlOn
has been and viii continue TO be made, 70 In
crease the amount which is shipped but we
cannot do more than the facilities Of the Road
allow.
A 8, LIVERMOBE
janS General superintendent.
rfs- Afs1Izu~hs rr,nv
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1866-04-25
N O ITO H.
Mississippi & Tennessee Railroad.

ENGINEERS OFFICE, April 10, 1865.
Contractors, merchants and Others now hold
ing estimates, vouchers. etc Issued from this
offce, will please present or forward them TO
me in the hew once. jackson Block. Room No.
3, al the earliest moment possible, that copies
may be taken In the burning of the railroad
ofhoA the books, records, etc. OF this depart
ment were all destroyed. Hence the necessity
Of the above request.
NILES MERIWETHER,