, 1866-03-28

GO matter the said Law "a paramount unde1 eolol
o. nte Il " ant retrse III. exercise OF tho 1ignl
- We nea r. y9ut ttnof Of Judgment, hoxeT.r cen
mcat. ! do not spprebend that conflicting lc*1sll
tann which the bill eee,ns 10 contemplate, IL 50
Mksly 70 occnr a. to render it necessary al This
o. !he bill seems to be Unnecessary, as adequate
2noaeaa1 s nmea'es could be adopted to secure the
.ics Of !ceislstors, always Important TO BE-, pre-
seTsed in the interest Of pnblie Liberty, without
calling the Independence Of the judiciary; always
md without inpais1ns the eleieney Of Ministerial
ottcc1e: afwaya necessary Tor ahe maln,1inance Of
public relcc md order, The remedy prupo: ed by
aronaloa.. put nueonsiitusiona iof tic CO.. censtita.
.son gaa,tntcts nothing with ces'Alntg If 1t docs
rot tnsnle 70 the several States the RIGHT Of sk!Ds
shn safi on baf l*' N to s snb es aa7 ' e
Constitution md constitutional laws Of
nc un'sed St1is Ss ths latter to bc held aa the sn
The third eec,,on give. the District Courts OF the
Untted States exclusive co4nfzanee oi MI crimes
s1d onses eomi.ted Gaius the ProE.!ons q
emit Courts OF the United state., Of ali civil md
cannot enforce in the courts judicial tribunals Of
rights secured 70 lte1n BY ihe arsf sec.ioa. Tls
constfuc91n which l have given to the
ssss9d xs' ana 'es'Pn Il an aAes aey.,on e'sss
1ies14 secured BY the GTs: section was in con.cm.
p!alion. Is denial or dtprivtt1ono Of such rights
10 the couHE Or )naae'a1 tHhena!s o. the stale: II
Ire fn1c1dtd ioE Tbs sndee, who in tho clear
3a3.ta Ga 2, NJ T. '1netaonS as Joaee- not aeons
70 this Fet:e7a' la";:in other Worde, when State
Judge, acttng upon ques ion involving coaili:t
ocsMesn . staie laM and fedetal LAW and baund.
nNfnFftHF III ft1t1S9h ffx
10 & G1ve e. an IN impartial deasion between the tTo
courses 70 tIe eonclltlon that the stste lsw 1s
tano, nc ~ IT, reoe,ai aw Is atsald. ae mnst not
n ~ e,d i1,,i ~ uaa wv" % III T. " PET.
..+ ~ ~ 1.ta',ssas.! - . -. oSiut
ta,a u sae ~ o. tne Unteo siales tnus
he sscrrd and e1c1p.ste n;r ~ indtc.' T..1aE,
aud he nda ,nt Gi s1
.a1rs' ooEao u aec1ae sceosans 10 tne WILL OF
e1n = II .,.,
,s @ e.es5 .nst M IN S@tss Mntea ne asny 70 pcisons
~, asnts w p5 tne Assl seeion o. tae
lsa nsS w u .a, ii1 T. aH ~ ana eisal
tSj,5 ,,s W.. X, ~ .nS rsu.sas!on. ot tne
nf re Tes+sI tT1hot,ei. tnT to y
isw vh.e6 denies 70 ! 4 eoiossd ~ pe1soa : :
corr.mit rst,a e. n,sitt ~ , s soon!q
cT n anr niher ~
mcui thfouch The courts hi he sta,r NJ. taE"n
Feero1 conrts ioT Z the rrninel tn ~ tr,sd 'f
fhr nf1rnce Is nrnStdtd ~ ma n,s%cd t. Eoda,a
lawi That laW, md moi the Stae 5aw, j. i, covern
II, only when he otiesee dos not Sappra
That the Federal Courts arr 10 trS ani
punish him under any o.her law. Then rrsn,t IL IN
be had to 1he common law, a. moaided and chanSed
br State legislation 80 tar as The san1e il nnf ~
conststent Nith tbc Copstit1tiou md laws Of tf,e
tinted Sfafcs, 60 that over III. yn.t domain Of
criminal jarisprudence, provided By each state tor
ishncnt Of all persons who yio!ated its clI1tnal
luwr, Federal 1aw, wherever 1t can be mada it an.
ply. displaces Stnte laW.
eevea 1T she Soer o Sn1
Federal tribunals certain c1sses Of cases ebraesd
IN this secHons The Cops1itqtion expressly de-
e. x I'D ID taut7 1'Sa .ss Sta1s:
State. md treaties % made. Or whieh rha. 6e made
sado1.. or othcr ministers md cousuis: to Iii csscs
troysszirs % 10 NJ Which he united Suites " s6ali !
S,atrr. lsireen = SITE ano citizcus Of aao:5er
siate: between ctuzens Of dierent Sta,e.. heiWsen
citizens Of he tame State; clasms Of land unics
he csfi7sns thcsrnf an fnreIon Ssstes. "
snh;ects EaTa the ind;etsi n,,re. r. ~ Hs,,s "
1ass T. =. nth ,p " tne ~ M sst
cnnrei " ~ ~ ,, n1 i.s ss'aoana1g y; tne laate
Eiar - 49,, - eoo.e.!aE u2oa tne
IL St.sa t,i1.tn.t T. stt ~ ~ W
ri,s.ss s,,rseI.,eS n ~ ~ shara a .: 70 -:
eisnse of the Constitution. ThL section
o. ihe ply undoup:ealy eompreoends ca"es, and
the constitut1on within the jurisdiction Of the
Cnusfs OF tie United States. To transfer them to
ihote courts, would Dc IN exercise Of authority we'll
OF Ill the States; for the bill applies alike to all Of
fne1n as Wel1 to those that have, Is to those that
nsse ~ rot nee9 ,Ss; SsnsnSsd !s 1n he sbesl3on
The power granted 10 Congress by the tonstitu-
ton recently amended 10 enforce BY npp,ppriate
legislation The article dec1au. that neihcr slayerT
Frr.r +1,f-h =
fer crime, whereof the party ehall hare beer duly
ccrriried, shall e1lst within the United Sa.es or
fny place subject to thefr jnriedIction It cannot,
enforcement Of TIM article Of The CONSTITUTION,
thesc IL. 1t present. any necessity Tor lie e1.
erd:e Of al The. powers witch this bill
at present powbere cxiess within the jnrirdictop Of
the United state+, nor has tte-e been, nor i 1t
likely ne1e Viii BE- sstca0t. to scs1Te oy ths
General Government 10 exercise any and III incl-
dental poxs.s ncces;asy ana proper to maiutaln
The fourth seetion Of th!s BY prp1dts that ths
oliicels and aesnte OF the Freedmen'e Bureau shan
X empowered to make arrests and aiso that other
purpose, by The PEcsident Of the Enited States. md
the superior Courts Of the TerElioHes, 10 appoint.
without limitation, commissioner who ale 10 be
duties
The 5sh secsion empowers the commissioners to
be selected BY the court. to appoint In writing one
s Gee e. t.
bill These numerous official axents are made to
constitute sort Of police, IN addition to the mill
taut, and esen 10 call to their aid such portion Of
the lard and naval forces Of the United Statcs, or
Of the !niiitis as tas{ be necessary the p1I1n-
anse o. the onty WIN when :ney re chaIRed This
irresponsible to the Government and to tic people to
whoee number 1 The discretion OF tae commissioners
If might be made terrible engine of wrong. op-
lnc The land and naval forces Of the United 5ates
lieyed to be adequate for any emergency which can
occur N time Of peace II It fhonld pEose
oihcrwite, Congress can at auy time amend tho.e
public welfare, will not 3eopasd,Ee the rign7s, in.
ietests ant lsbcs1te* Of the people
The seventh section provides that fee Of ten
every. ease. bsonght befase him, ind
or deputies, for each peFsnn be, or hey,
ma5 arrest md take before my such Commissioner,
with tuch Other fees Us may be deemed reasonabie
such other du.ics as may be Required In The
fcasnfy Of ;be Gntied States, Whether @ ID ,hefe re- l.
conviction or not; bp, In case Of CONVICTION, they
arc TO be recoverable from The dc.cndaut. It seem.
sss 81 o9
By the eighth SECTION Of the ti, he Tinted SIa!ts
Coutf, which rel only IN one place for while citi.
zen*, must migrate W1;h ne Marshal and District
Attorney. and necessarily with the Clerk although
he IL noi mentioned any part Of the dis17iri up
on the order OF The President, ana they hold court
for The purpose Of tie more speedy arrest and trial
Q! persons charged With violation o! tAis ACT and
there the Jadse and officers q the court must ro
man, upon the order Of the President, for the time
ths1ein oesaenatea. A.
such pe'fo0 4: he may cmponeE for the purpose,
TO employ s1ch part Of the land Ct naval forces OF
the United ssa'es, or Of the militia, as shall be
necessary to prevent the violation md enforce
The dne execution Of this At. This lanSnses seems
always II hand. and whose only bneiness is to BE-,
lie enforcement OF this measure oSer ahe
yast region where It is Intended 70 operate.
40 not psopo.e TO eoasse1 ihe policy ot ths oi!i.
To nc the details Of ne biL are traught With csil
me "hite faEe ana me Disco race o! inc south
Lave hiihe;t9 scd toEe3her 1naer the rsiat!oa g. ot
maslet ano tAsc. eapNai owning lApor. NOW fnat
= E 70
ter o. fssl n tbis new relation one being neees-
HhieS eoS I dsep,y @ n .1s hsr@o
t Atons* ~ ~ S4Aaa poMst . - 9e.n1E ~