davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

The action of the Senate yesterday on the
case of Hon. CAVE JOHNSON and Col. GAR
RETT, members elect to that body-which
will be found in our report Of the proceed
ings of that body, clearly indicates an in
tention TO follow the revolutionary example
set by the House In other words, no man
will be permitted TO take his seat in either
branch Of the General Assembly of Ten
nessee, who is not Radical in politics,
The report against the admission of Mr.
JOHNSON TO his seat, admits that he took the
oath prescribed and required by the provi-
sions Of the franchise law for candidate
that he received all the votes cast in his Sen
atorial District and that he is a man of
age, experience, great ability and command
ing influence. And it substantially admits
that because he is not Radical, it is proper
to exclude him from his seat-which is to
be accordingly done.
4 seat in the Tennessee Legislature at the
present time could add nothing to the fame
or the happiness of Mr.. JOHNSON. \ large
body OF the people demanded his services at
the present period Of our history-more i'm
portant and more pregnant with the peace
and well-being of this and future generations
than any in the past-and no simply obeyed.
He can have, therefore, no mere personal in
terest in the question; but, on the contrary,
the action of the Senate will relieve him of
labors and annoyanccs to which nothing but
the highest interests of his country could in
duce him, at his time Of life, to undergo. In
his exclusion, therefore, one, and only
one, great point is raised and car
ried through-and that is that the members
shall hereafter he homogeneous in politics
and TO accomplish this end entire counties
and districts are 10 be debarred representa-
ton, and the voice Of their people siienced
in the progress of law making.
We have no sufficient language in which
to characterize this proceeding-to call it
intamous-to denounce it as usurpation,
despotism, revolution, llbversion of the
established principles of all free popular
government, would be but feeble expression
Of the cnormity thus perpetrated. 1t will
he cherished in time 10 come as an insult
and an outrage TO be redresScd in the proper
WAY At the proper time.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
ONE OF FORNEY'S ISLANDERS.

The editor Of the Washington Chronicle
having published a gross SANDER upon the
name and character Of Hon. Gro W. JoNEs,
Of Iowa, laie Senator in Congress from
that State, he writes letter in reply, the
conclusion OF which is as follows:
The migrate. hypocritc aud serving
Farncy in one breath. first ceusures by inuendo
Mr.. Vailandinrhsm. fbe noble patriot. eX- Presi,
dent Pierce, has patron and friend OF old, and my
humble self whose support for the Clerksbip Of
cured IN 1888 for remaining secluded and quiet
for years and then for daring sneak ont in favor
Of President J0hnsen's past aud present course
as an American statesman. ' hat consistency
and hberality!
Forncy and his co-workrr, In defamation bcratc
me for having had two sons IN the rebel army.
when he and all well aware that | was at
Bogota. South Americn-hve thousand IrAles from
home-when the civil war here. aud there toe
began, and when, because of the great distance
and the non intercourse Of mails between the two
countries. knew neither IL the war here. ID what
my sons had done or were doing. that could not.
If / had desired or tried. prevented either from
having followed the dictates 0f his own mind.
both having been cdncatcd NJ the Western Mill
tary Institute AZ Nashville. Tennessee. aud being
devoted 20 the peonle Of the South. amongst whom
the most of their blood relations resided
Ny sons were both OF mature agc-were well
cdueated-iormed their own opinions and acted
accordingly; and without fear or the hope of pc
cunlhrf or othcf fewarus a. pIlAetes rendered
their services 10 The side IN which they pu their
faith. and breasted the storm OF battle for that
side. What the heroic fsiaaei dare not do for his.
whilst there was an opportunity otpnttlnc money
into his expansive purse, whether by far or foul
means.
But why extend this note 70 greater length
about man who has been " ali things TO all
men, and nothing long," who, like the serpent
upon the hearthstone, stung his bencfactor the
Trend and supporter Of Andrew Jackson,
President Buchanan, the nnment that patriotic
Statesman failed or found il impossible 20 crafty
his inoniinate thirst for lucre. Ilace and honors
which time has proven him Wholly unworthy of.
Yours truly,
3Eo. W. JoNEs.
WASHINGTON. D. C.. April la. 1860.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

CARLYLE, in his address to the Edinburgh
students. said:
u seems IA me, the finest nations OF the
world-the English and the American-are
going all away into wind and tongue But
it will appear sufficiently tragical 5y-and-bv.
long after | am away out of it. Silence is
the eternal duty Of man. lie won't get to
any real understanding of what Is complex
and what is more than any other pertinent
10 his interests, without maintaining silence
Watch the tongue is very old precept
and most true one. do not want TO dis
courage any ofyou from your Demosthenes,
anS your studies of the niceties of language
and all that. Believe me, / value that as
much as any of you. | consider it very
graceful thing and proper thing, for every
human creature 10 know what the implement
which he uses in communicating his
thoughts is and how 10 is@sle the very ut
most of il. ! want ycn u st9ev Demos
themes, and know all his excelle4lcies. At
the same time, l must say that speeches AoGs
not seem to me, on the whole, to have tdrn-
ed TO almost any good account Why tell
me that man is fine speaker if il is not
the truth that he is speaking
We commend the extract to the Radical
windbags Of Congress. 1t is something
which the polished Sumner" can study
with profit.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Nashville and Chattanooga
r A / L r O A d
CHANGE OF TIME.

0FFICE OF GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT.
n. * c AND n. * N, W. RAILROAD.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
ITENs:OF GENERAL NEWS.

20 Presiden; johnson. who is member Of The
ssonic Fraternity. hns invited tho Supreme
unci Of the Southern Jurisdiction 20 visit
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Nashville and Decatur Railroad
Change of Time.

On and after April lst, and until further notice.
Passenger trains will run as follows:
Columbia Accommodation train leaves Column
bia at7:20. a. NJ. Arrives at Nashville 1000. Re-
turning leaves Nashville at P N. Arrives at
Columbia, $40. P. N.
Huntsville Mail leaves Nashville at $50. AN.
Arrives at Decatur at 6. Pm. Leaves Decatur at
G:3O. AN. Arrives at Nashville at 200 P. N. Con
Meeting both ways ut Decatur with mail train on
NJ. Il err, for MoOresville, Madison, Hunts
vile. Woodyille Larkinsyille. ScottsbOro, and all
points East.
Passengers by this train arrive in Nashville in
time to connect with Night Express trains on all
roads from Nashville.
Night Express leaves Nashville at $50, P. NJ
Arrives at Decatur at 1870, a. N. Leaves Decatur
at 500, P. NJ. Arrives at Nashville at $40. Con-
Meeting both ways at Decatur with mail trains
on NJ. & err, for Huntsville. Cornth, Grand
Junction, Memphis, Mobile, New Orleans, and all
intermediate points. Connects at Nashville with
L. & MR.. for all points North and East
% Miles shorter than any other route from
Nashville to Mobile. DemOpolis, Selma and all
intermediate points.
"a Miles shorter to Corinth. Grand junction,
Memphis Jackson, Vicksburg. and New Orleans.
SO Miles shorter to Huntsville.
Elegant Sleeping Coach will run Monday.
Wednesday and Friday nights from Nashville to
Decatur Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday nights
from Decatur TO Nashville.
Through Tickets can be procured at W. W.
Craig's Omnibus office. No. 2j Cherry street. and
at Broad Street Depot Nashville.
j. Ii. VAN DYNE.
IL riY,to Liant
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
UNION. CONCESSION, HARMONY,
EVERYTHING FOR THE CAUSE
NOTHING FOR MEN.

As the National Inteiiiqcncer is the organ
of no party, nor branch of party, nor of
any set of men, we must be pardoned, saws
that paper, in suggesting that the various
organizations that have been formed and are
forming to sustain the Government in the
policy of restoration should abstain from re-
Elections upon each other. To specify: There
is in this city a national organization of Re
publicanS alone; there is the National John
son organization, composed as we have be-
fore stated, OF Republicans, former Demo
Gratis, and eminent Southern Conservatives.
The old Democratic element has also an or
ganization. Let us say to all these, that
there is disposition among the masses to
establish Peoples Clubs for johnson, to act
of their own ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and
with view simply and singly to carry An
drew johnson in triumph over the tools of
revolutionary and usurping tyranny in
Congress, whose star-chamber directory is a
dreadful idol, secret as the gloom of graves,
and accessible only by cringing suppli-
cation"
Its DEGREES, when announced, are followed
with that blind servility which is known to
be especially Notifying and humiliating to
the large number, WHO at heart protest
against policy which looks to an entire
upheaval and overtum of republican insti-
tutions as they were framed by the fathers of
the Republic. The Stevens party having
now the offices, and determining to monopo-
lie them for their adherents, and also de-
termining to batten hordes Of like kind
upon the Southern people, to be supported
at the general public expense, constitutes
compact force, operating as a unit and whose
leaders are composed for the most part of
a band of mercenaries, who have no thought
except for power, Office and plumber. This
powerful party is onl to be shivered by
diversions ofthe patriotic and conscientious
members of the former Republican party
acting in conjunction with all forms of or
ganization, that, leaving the dead past to
bury its dead" have an eve single to the
overthrow of the dreaded star-chamber usur-
patton. Those who are acting to this end,
in spirit and in truth, will utterly refrain
from these reflections one upon another, that
are only weapons in the hands of the foes of
constitutional liberty.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Education for the South.
A RHdimentaI and finishing SchOol.

TIE SEMINARY FOR YOUNG LADIES.
j late az the kirkman House, IL removed 10
M. 10 Spruce street. near Church, Shere
With q new and beautiful building. retired and
yet central % the city very superior aeeommoda-
ticns for Two Hundred Boarding aisd Day PaPils
enlarged facilities will now b given for scholar
ship aud the cultivation % Music and The Fias
Arts.
IN tk;s school the instruction l. nest ihoroggk
and calculated 10 a. any pupil for teaching The
entire school IS exercised daily IN Spelling Gram
snar. and Peuinapship. Special attention IS PAID
- the small children. and 10 the Enlish Fuimentsl
branches.
The First Latin Lessons. flissoTia Rosna. Closar.
Nirgil and Livy. nov read daily In this sehool
aud another class Is beginning the Grammar No
charge l. made for Latin. which il an advantage
10 the pupil given By no other school In the land.
The Pianos are not tbs eOmEnOn instruments
used in schools. bat all new and seven octave.
Grafaitous instruction is given 70 The entire scho0l
in sacred music
Good manners are taught, Time Il given NJ
meals. and dining u here made a part Of cdnca-
ton Pupils taken az any time.
". s. WARD. Principal.
apG-fm
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

THE WAR RECORD ~ lowA.-From the
report OF Adjutant General Baker, OF Iowa
for the wear ending Jan. i, 1866, we gather
the following interesting facts:
The entire militia returns of the State 10
1865 are S4.el7 men. The Adiutant Gen
errl claims that Iowa furnished 66, Sl4 three
years men, equivalent % I$S,62S two years
men, 2OO,442 one wear, or 267 $50 nine
months men. Promosioas TO Major
Generslships as follows: Samuel X. Car
it's Frederick STEELE, Frank 3. Heron,
Greenville NJ. Dodge In addition to these
there were other promotions, as follows. y
Brigadiers, . brevet Major Generals. and is
brevet BFigadier Generals. Among officers
during the war, l45 were killed, a died of
wounds, l23 Of disease, IS dismissed. 1891
and > deserted. Among enlisted men,
3,269 were killed, s,409 died of disease,
9,777 were discharged for disability, and IS
dishonorably.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Davidson County.

~ ACRES OF CHOICE LAM ON THE
~ Lebanon Turnpike. half mile from Mount
Olivet Ccmetery and three from Nashville. with
the finest building site on that pleasant road.
IsrEe brick house with ten rooms. For pArticu-
lars iscnjre OF NELSON x MURFREE-
~ ACRES FIRST RATE LAND. THREE
u miles frons IN atty. elegantly improved. fine
sprine. large orchard. an5 the land in fine state
of cultivation Location between Murfreesboro
Linens. As the place is offered low f3r cash buy
"a are requested to call imm, diatelfon %
NELSON 4 MURFREE.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

INDIAN CoRN-A Book FOR THE FARM
rR.-Mr. EDWARD ENFIELD has written
book Of three hundred pages on the subject
of Indian corn. which has just been pub
lished by APPLETON e. Co, Of New York,
and is for sale in this city by W. T. BERRY
4 Co. The subjects of soils, fertilizers, the
greatest production, the uses, the relative
valnt compared with all other cereals in
the feeding of stock, as well as every other
question into which corn enters, are treated
with great minuteness, accuracy and interest
IN this book. The manwho thinks he knows
all about corn, will find great many useful
facts that he never before thought of-and
will gain much valuable information upon
the subject Of soils and fertilizers, besides.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Notice 10 Owners and Occupants of
Houses within the city limits.

Nashville. Tennessee. April IS 1866.
NvOrICE Is HEREBY GIVEN TO OWNERS
y aud occupants u houses and lots within the
corporate limits Of tue ejty of Nashville TO i'm
mediately prepare 10 eiedpSa heir premises, by
removing all filth and 0tias! frau their houses,
yards cellars and lots. Ample BTCPSy tons have
removing an filth outside the city lim.ts
II will also be required of occupants Of houses
to use lime freely. The City Marshal one of lis
deputies will notify citizens in advance Of tho
carts. and any failure TO comply in all respects
with the foregoing. will be strictly dealt with by
La. W. MATT. BROWN,
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
CUMBERLAND MOUNTAINs.

InO- ACRES OF FIRST RATE NOUN
iUUI tain Lands. for sale at $ per scre, (hali
it, value) on the old stage road 10 haoxyille. in
Cumberland county, not far from CrOSsyille the
county seat and adjoining Dodge's celebrated
" Pomona" farm. Well watered level land, with
some improvements. Call on
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

WHILE politicians are wrangling over the
problem of the freedmen's future, il is being
sadly aud summarily solved by death. said
Gov. Sharkey, Of Mississippi, before the Re
construction Committee: There are now
in the State very little over one-half as
many freedmen as there were formerly
.lsyes." There is no telling" he continued,
.the mortality that has prevailed among
chem. They have died in immense num-
scrs." And he concluded his testimony by
rcmarking: "My expectation concerning
1hem + that they are destined to extinction
bevond doubt. We must judge Of the in-
ure by the past; and / conld tell You a
GREAT many circumstances TO that effect
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Bank ef Tennessee.

WE OFFER A GOOD BRICK HOUSE
w with 60 feat Of ground ~ SOUTH Summer
street, at a low price and viii take Bank ef Ten
nessee notes at q figure above Brokers rates.
npp'' " NELSON i MURFREE. Agents
ap25 80 Cherry 81.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

NASHVILLE AND NORTHWESTERN RAILROAD.
April u. 1866.
SEALED PROPOSALS WILL BE.RECEIVED
- at this office until 70 o'clock, ". FRIDAY,
April z. for the furnishing of all materials and
completion of a building tor Depot purposes at
Smeedsville, Dickson county, Tennessee.
Plans and specifications can be seen at my flee
of the Chattanooga Depot.
The Company reserves the right to reject any OF
all bids. l.. HUTCHINSON.
an22-1t Engineer in charge-
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
POSTPONEMENT.

OWING 70 the inclement weather, the public
~ sale of the Bishop Miles property. adjoining
the l.. a n. r. r. Depot on Market street is post
poned to SATURDAY, April 2Sth inst at Il
o'clock, A. NJ. precisely, on the premises. The
dwelling contains about fifteen rooms The entire
lot fronting ia feet on each street.
JOHN o. EWING. Trustee.
J. Il. Il L. W. BROWN, Agents.
t. W BARNES, Auctioneer.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

MuruArnD CUREEScv.--For the inior-
anntion of those who have on hsnd an over
plus Of nutilased fractionalcurrcncy, we viii
state that when sums OF three dollars and
over are collected, II they are sent in a
package TO the Treasury at Washington new
notes will be exchanged Cor them. Accord
ing to recent act, these packages will pass
free through the mails.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
CARD CLOTHING.
S A D D L E R Y.

In addition to our usual stock of Hardware we
have now in store a good assortment of Leather
of all kinds; Saddlery Hardware. and Shoe Find
ings, to which we ask the attention of purchasers
HAMILTON Il CUNNINGHAM
No. Is College street, Nashville
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
FOR RENT.

T1RONTING ON CHURCH STREET. IN THE
L UNIox AND ANsRIcAs Block. Room admir-
ably suited Tor an once or small Retail Business
AazarcaN iaDa-ff
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
For Cairo.

rNHE regular passenger steamer TYRONE.
L Capt. HAREaN, viii leave for above and in
termediate ports on FRIDAY. Tomorrow st
20 o'clock, ".
For freight or passage apply on board or to
ap26-3t CORBETT 4 BOYD, Agents.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
E0R SALE.

A TWO STORY BRICK RESIDENCE, WITH
IA eight rooms. on the West side Of Summer,
between Church and Broad, with bathroom
carriage house, stables, coal-hOuse, Se. Also,
vacant Lot on East side Of Summer just beyond
Demumbrane. and fronting siXty-five feet, upon
which, is good stone foundation. and never-iail-
ANDERSON. JOHNSON & SMITH,
aD6-lw Real Estate Agents.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
ON THE esTH APRIL NEXT,

On the premises, FOR CASH. the property de-
icribed in said Deed fronting eighty feet on Line
street, and running back one hundred and eight
feet ON Cherry street. with all the Improvements
and appurtenances thereto belonging. The build
ing is three stories, first class FIGURING Mill, in
good order The attention Of capitalists and
milers eailed TO this property 1t is Of the
best investments thaE cen be made.
Parties DESTROYS TO examine the property. will
call on the undersigned.
ISAAC LITTON. Trustee.
r.tnpl--ota r--tda
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS
Splendid Chance for Investment,

DpleQQl0 finance I0f investment
IN A SHORT TIME, WILL BE OFFERED
/ for public sale, n large Dwelling House to-
gether with about seventy feet of ground, No. y
South Cherry street. known as the Craishead
Residence.
This property lies within one hundred yards of
the postofice Masonic TamnIe and Cnston Uouse
lot. The terms of the sale will be one-fourth
cash; balance in and two years. No better
property has been on the market for years. Exact
time of the sale will be made known by public
advertisements. ap26-dlw
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26

i WILL ATTEND PROMPTLY TO THE
L purchase of Real Estate which may be entrusted
TO my care. My long and thorough familiarity
with the lands of this and adjoining counties and
my general acquaintance with the wants and in
tereSts of our people, give me peculiar advan-
tages for this business. Parties desiring to pur-
chase would do well to consult me.
Also. will give prompt attention to the cOlec-
ton of all doubtful claims. Such are not doubt
full anybody collect.
W. GALLOWAY.
np9j-3m Columbia, Maury county.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
Special Notice TO Passengers
and shippers.
NASHVILLE AND DECATUR r. r. LINE

NASHVILLE AND DECATUR X. K. LINE.
dENERAL eCPERISTENDESTS OFFICE,
Nashville. April -. 1850. J
THREE 81 BRIDGES OVER HIGHLAND
L Creek were damaged by the freshet Of the
list inst therefore until further notice. through
Passengers and Freight trains are discontinued.
About four y or i've 80 days will be required
% repair the damages done, in the mean time
train t9r the accommodation Of local Freight and
PaaSehgers VAL be run each way daily between
AasLN lie and Eesaollg' Station.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
THE BEAUTIFUL
Horticultural Garden
On Summer ST.. Ger5HGlfOrn,
on LAITENBERGER'S PROPERTY
sCHoENPFLUG d WATERMAN

ID ESPECTFULLY ANNOUNCE that their
IL beautiful Garden is now open to all who may
favor them with their visits.
The wishes of thor patrons will he promptly
attended TO by accommodating and attentive
walters and every exertion made to make their
visit pleasant.
Pie Mics and Societies
viii find our Garden pleasant resort for amuse-
ment.
An Excellent Orchestra
viii be in attendance every Monday for the ac-
commOdatiOn of Parties.
Omnibuses leave the Public Square for the
Garden every half hour during the day.
apsA,-fmuvlS
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
WIleZt Sacks.

As RECEIVER IN THE CASE OF W. II.
"A GorSen. ct al. vs. J. Z. Bswman. ct al. will
expose 10 sale for cash. at the Rock City Mills.
corner OF Line and Cherry streets. on SArUR-
DAY, APRIL q. IRss n lot of Wheat Sacks-say
5000. more or less. tsAAC LIZ ION.
RprI7-td3taw HcceiYer.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
LAW LIBRARY FOR SALE.

OF SOME TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY
" Volumes. nearly new. and well selected; en-
bracing Meigs snd Valentines Dgests, and Ten
and Digest of United states Reports. Enquire IN
this Office. or Of W. LOWE.
aple-lm Springfield, Tenn
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
STEAMBOATS,.
For RurIxsyiIIe.

VNHE REGULAR UP-RIvER PACKET
i a. RAkER. Capt. JACK. CARTWRIGHT,
DR.. W. B. SHAW. Clerk, viii leave for above and
intermediate points THIS EVENING, at 4
o'clock.
For freight or passage apply on board - to
ap2j-lt CORBETT / BOYD. Agents.
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
JoHNsoNvILLE. CAIRO AND ST: LOUIS
Daily Line of Packets.

DUNNING IN CONNECTION WITH THE
N, NASHVILLE and Northwestern, Nashville and
Chattanooga, and Tennessee and Alabama Rail
roads.
FIRST CLASS PASSENGER STEAL HR
Leaves Jacksonville for st. Louis, Cairo. and
Padpcah every day ON the arrival of the cars,
cts at Cairo with the Illinois Central Railroad
the Memphis Packet Company. and Atlantic and
Mississip Steamship Company and at ST. Louis
Ports.
Office corner OF Church and Summer
Streets. opposite ST. Cloud Hotel.
ia0 if6-tf
Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1866-04-26
TebR RENT

r ARGE STORE FOR RENT. Apply at No.
i Is North College street.
,.oro-dff