Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1866-12-06

was twelve per cent.
On the Both of june last there were in operation
$3.50 routes with an aggregate length OF lo0 vi
milesan annual transportation OF q o37 9l4 miles,
and an aggregate annual cost including an ex
routes is 32,092 miles and the annual transp0rti-
ton 30609, 467 miles. The length OF steamboat
routes is IA BAG miles and the annual transpOrta-
ton 3411 9G2 miles.
The mail service ia rapidly increasing through
out the whole country and its steady extension IN
the Southern States indicates their constantly I'M
proving condition.
The growing Importance of the foreign service
also merits attention. The Postotfce Department
| of Great Britain and our own have agreed upon a
preliminary basis for a new postal convention
| which. it is believed, will prove eminently bene-
| fetal to the commercial interests OF the United
States, it contemplates reduction OF the inter
national letter postage to one-half, the exlsnng
rates: a reduction of postage with all other coun-
| tries to and from which correspondence IS trans
! mitted in the British mail or in closed mails
/ throughout the United Kingdom; the establish
! ment of uniform and reasonable charges for these
and territorial transit of correspondence M closed
mails, and an allowance to each Postofice Depart
menr of the right TO use all mail communication
established under the authority OF the other, for
the dispatch of correspondence, either In open or
/ closed mails on the same terms as those applica-
BILE to the Inhabitants of the country providing the
means of transmission. .s;1~H ;sl443 t#
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR.
/ The Report of the Secretary OF the Interior ex-
hibits the condition of those branches OF the pub
lie service which are committed to his supervls-
| ion. ~ -.t .,- T..4..- .4-. 10: t.sti y
1 u
lie lands were disposed of. 1,S92516 acres OF which
were entered under the homestead act.
/ The policy originally adopted relative to- the pub
bic lands has undergone essential modlhcatOns
Immediate revenue and not their rapid settlement
was the cardinal feature of our land system. Long
experience and earnest discussion have resulted id
| the conviction that the early development of our
agricultural resources, and the.ditnson of an ener
getc population over our vast territory are objects
of far greater importance to the national growth
and prosperity than the proceeds of the sale of the
! land to the highest bidder in open market The
pre- -emption laws confer upon the pioneer who COM
/ plies with the terms they impose the privilege of
purchasing limited portion Of uioffered lands at
! the maximum price. The homestead enactments
! relieve the settler from the payment of purchase
money, and secure him permanent home upon
the condition of residence for term of years. This
! liberal policy invites emigration from the old and
! rom the more crowded portions of the new world
It's propllons results are undoubted, and will be
more sIgnally manifested when time shan have Civ
! Ell to II wider development 7e3 5.1,{,-'X rsl
+ Congress has made liberal grants Of public land
to corporations in aid OF the cone tructon of rail-
| roads and other internal improvements. Should
this policy hereafterprevai more stringent proyis
ions Will be required to faithful ,apphca-
ton of the fund The title to the lands should not
pass by patent or otherwise, but remain in the gov
ernment, and subject to its control until some por
ton of the road has been actually built Portions
of them might Them from time to time, be conveyed
to the corporation, but never in greater ratio to
the whole quantity embraced by the. grant than the
completed parts near to the entire length of the pro-
Elected improvement. This restriction would not
operate to the prejudice of any undertaking con-
cluded in good faith, and executed with reasonable
energy, as IL is the settled practice to withdraw
from market the lands falling within the operation
OF such grants and thus to include the inception of
a subsequent adverse right A breach of conditions
which Congress. may deem proper to impose should
work forfeiture of the claims to the lands so
withdrawn. .a.3t5i
Operations the several lines of the Pacific rail-
road have been prosecuted with unexampled vigor
and success Should no unforeseen causes of DELAY
occur, 1t is confidently anticipated that this great
thorOughfare will be completed before the eXpira-
~ CIV ?.
During the last fiscal year the amount paid to
pensioners, including the expenses of disburse-
ment, was Sl345o,996 and 50177 names were add
ed TO the pension rolls The entire number of pen
sioners on June 80, 1866 was 1876, 722 This fact
furnishes melancholy and striking proof of the sac
rices made to indicate the Constitutional an torty
of the Government, and to maintain inviolate
| the integrity of the Union. They impose upon us
corresponding. obligations II is estimated that
SS30 0OO Will pc required to meet the exigencies
OF this branch OF the service during the next fiscal
year. sss.4ie re- Ist+4 y t4'-oi. 81
Treaties have been concluded with the Indians
who, entced into armed opposition to our Govern
ment at the outbreka-of the rebellion have uncon-
ditonally submitted to our authority, and mani
tested an earnest desire for renewal of friendly
| lations .}ftff
| During the year ending September 90 1866, S,716
patents for useful inventions and designs were is
sued and at that rate the balance in the treasury
| to the credit OF the patent fund was 1928 POT.
sisg Oh b. THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. r'a
| AS subject upon which depends an immense
amount of the production and commerce of the
country, / recommend Congress to make such
legislation may be necessary for the preserva-
ton of the leyees of the Mississippi river. 1t is
matter OF general Importance that early steps
should be taken, not only to add 10 the efficiency
of these barriers against destructive foundations,
but for the removal of all distractions TO the free
and safe navigation of that great channel of trade
| and commerce. f ~
| e THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
/ The District of Columbia, under existing laws,
is not entitled to that representation in the national
| council which from cur earliest history has been
| uniformly accorded to each Territory established
from time to time, within our limits. 1t maintains
| peculiar relations to Congress, to whom the Con-
stltutIon has granted the power of exercising ex
elusive legislation oyer the State government Our
| fellow-citizens residing i'll the District, whose
interests are thus conded to the special guardian
ship of Congress, exceed in number the population
of several of our Territories and just reason is
perceived why a Delegate of their choice should
| not be admitted to seat in the House of Repre-
| sentatives. No mode seems SO appropriate and
| effectual of enabling them to make known their
| peculiar condition and wants, and of securing the
local legislation adopted to them. therefore re-
commend the passage of q law authorizing the
| electors of the District of Columbia to choose a
Delegate to be allowed the same rights and privi-
| leges as Delegate representing Territory. The
1 increasing enterprise and rapid progress of i'm
proyement in the District are highly gratifying,
and | trust that the efforts of the municipal au-
thorles to promote the prosperity of the National
metropolis will receive the efficient and generous
! cooperation of Congress.
| The report of the Commissioner of 4 griculture
! reviews the operations of his department during
the past year. and asks the aid Of Congress in its
efforts to encourage those States, which, scourged
by war are now earnestly engaged in the reorgan-
| lzat1On of domestic industry.
~ OUR FOREIGN RELATIONS.
1t is subject of congratulation that no foreign
combination against our domestic peace and safety
| or our legitimate influence among the nations.
have been formed or attempted While senti-
ments of reconciliation, loyalty and patriotism
have increased at home, a more just consideration
\ of our national character and rights has been
manifested by foreign nations.
INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH.
The entire success of the Atlantic telegraph be.
tween the coast of Ireland and the province OF
/ Newfoundland is an achievement which has been
justly celebrated in both hemispheres the open
ing of an era in the progress of civilization There
Is reason to expect that equal success will attend,
and greater results follow the enterprise for
connee ting the two continents through the Pacific
4 Ocean by the projected line of telegraph between
kamschatka and the Russian Possessions in
/ America. lThN" @-f.E +t+'t-'ff -s'. "
n .sa5 s.sr, VARIOUS SUBJECTS.
4 The resolution of Congress protesting against
pardons by foreign Governments OF persons con-
victed of infamous offences. on condition of emf
grafton to our country, has been communicated to
the States with which we maintain intercourse. and
the practice SO justly the subject OF complaint on
our part has not been renewed.
The congratulations of Congress to the Emperor
of Russia upon his escape from attempted assassi.
nation, have been presented to that humane and
enlightened ruler, and received by him with ex-
pressiOns of grateful appreciation.
Il - The Executive, warned Of an attempt by Spanish
American Adventures to induce the emigration oil
4 freedmen of the United States to foreign coun-
try protested against the project az one which, Il
contaminated, would reduce them to a bondage
4 even more oppressive than that from which they
have just been relieved Assurance has been re-
ceived from the Government of the State in which
the plan was matured, that the proceeding will
meet neither its encouragement nor approval. Il
Is question worthy of your consideration whether
our laws on this subject are adequate to the pre-
yentlon aud punishment OF the crime thus medi