Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1866-12-06

States and the people thereof, in which States /
that relation is or may be suspended or dis
turbed."
The recognition of the States by the judicial |
department of the Government has also been |
clear and conclusive in all proceedings affecting |
them as States, had in the Supreme, Circuit ana
District Courts.
In the admission of Senators and Representa-
tiyes from any and all of these States, there can
be no just ground of apprehension that persons |
who are disloyal will be clothed win the power |
of legislation; for this could not happen when |
the Constitution and the laws are enforced by |
yigiant ana faithful Congress. zach House is |
made the Judge of the elections, returns, ana |
qualifications of its own members, ana may, |
with the concurrence of two-thirds, eNpel |
member" When a Senator or Representative |
presents his certificate of election, he may at |
once be admitted or rejected; or, should there |
BE any question as to his eligibility, MS creden-
tials may be referred for investigation to the APP
propriate committee. II admitted TO seat, II |
must be upon evidence satisfactory TO the House
of which he thus becomes member mat ne
possesses the requisite constitutional ana legal
qualifications. If refused admission as mem
Der for want of due allegiance To the GoNerh-
ment and returned to his constituents, they are
admonished that none but persons loyal 10 the
United States will be allowed voice in the leg
islative councils of the nation, and the political
power and moral influence oil Congress are thue
effectively exerted in the interests of loyalty to
the Government and fidelity to the Union. Upon
this question, so vitality affecting the restoration
of the Union and the permanency OF our present
form of government, my convictions, heretofore
expressed, have undergone no change but, on
the contrary, their correctness has been con
tirmcd by reflection and time, II the admission
of loyal members to seats in the respective
HOusCS of Congress was wise and eNpedlent
wear ago, it is no less wise and eXpedient now.
If this anomalous condition Il right now-lt, IN
the exact condition of these States at the pres
cnt time il is lawful 10 exclude them from reps
respntatfOIl | do not see that the question will
he changed by the eflluX of time. Ten years
hence il these States remain as they are, the
RIGHT of representation will be no strOnger-the
right of exclusion will be no weaker.
The Constitution of the United States makes
it the duty of the President to recommend to
the consideration of Congress Z" such measures
as he shall judge necessary or eXpedient
know of no measure more impeTuvely demand
ed by every consideration of national interest,
sound policy and equal justice, than the admls-
sion of loyal members from the now unrepre-
scented States. This would Consummate the
work of restoration, and exert most salutary
influence in the establishment of peace har-
monv and fratenal feeling. ltWOuld tend great
, " to renew the confidence of the American PEG
pie in the vigOr and stability of their institutions
1t would bind us more closely together as ma
ton. and enable us to show to the world the
| inherent and recuperatiyc power of Govern.
ment founded upon the will OF the people, and
established upon the principles OF liberty, justice
| and Intelligence. Our increased strength ana
| enhanced prosperity would irreiragby demon
L
| institutions drawn from our recent national dls-
| orders by the enemies OF republican government.
| The admission of loyal members from the States
| now excluded from Congress, by allaying doubt
| and apprehension, would turn Capital,now await
ing an opportunity for investment, into the chan
| nels of trade and industry. 1t would alleviate
| the present troubled condition of those States,
| and, by inducing emigration, aid in the settle,
| ment of fertile regions now unCultivated. and
| lead to an increased production of those staples
| which have added so greatly to the wealth OF the
| nation and the commerce OF the world. New
fields of enterprise would be opened TO our pro
| gressive people, and soon the devastations o.
| war would be repaired, and all traces of our do
mestic differences etfaced from the minds OF oul
| countrymen.
In our efforts to preserve 50 the unity of gov
| eminent which constitutes us one people, by
| restoring the States to the condition which they
held prior to the rebellion, we should be eau
| tiOus. lest, having rescued our nation from per
ills of threatened disintegration, we resort u
consolidation, and in the end absolute despOt
ism. as remedy for the recurrence OF slmlla
troubles The war having terminated, and witt
il all occasion for the exercise of powers o
doubtful cOnstituuOnality, we should hasten Il
| bring legislation within the boundaries pre-
scribed by the Constitution, and to return to tn
+ ancient landmarks established by our fathers to
2 the guidance Of succeeding generations. III
| Constitution which at any time exists, unit
T. changed by an explicit and authentic act of tn
e whole people, is saCredly obligatory upon all.
eff, in the opinion of the people, the distlibr
/ tion or modification of the constitutional power
be. in any particular, wrong, let 1t be COrrecte
by an amendment in the way in which the Coz
l. stitution desgnates. But let there be no chang
d by usurpaton: for lit is the customary weapo
: ! by which free governments are destroyed. :
l. | Washington spoke these words to his COuntr
men. when followed by their love and gratitud
v he voluntarily retired from the cares of publ
1t life To keep in all things within the pale
Of our constitutional powers, and cherish the fe
u eral Union as the only rock OF safety, We
hoo Nv IptprgOD miles Df 3FtlDO q
of dear to his Countrymcn the tue principles
lr their Constitution, and promote a union OF Sc
p ! timent and action equally suspicious TO th(
b. | happiness and safety Jackson held that Il
in action of the general government should aiWa
tn be strictly confined to the sphere of its app
e. pirate duties, and justly and fOrCibly urged tn
ne our government is not to be maintained nor o
H. Union preserved ''by invasions Of the rights a
liz powers of the several States In thus atteml
ut inc to make our general government strong,
n make it weak IT. true strength consists
Id leaving individuals and States as much as pos
al bic to themselves; in making itself felt, not in
e power, but in its beniticence not in Its contr
he but in its protection not in binding the stat
1t more closely to the center, but leaving each
es move mObstruCted in its proper constitution
n orbit" These are the teachings Of men who
he deeds and services have made them illustriO
ht and who long since Withdrawn from the seer
n Uf life have left to their country the rich lega
n. of their example, their wisdom, and their pal
ne Otism Drawing fresh inspiration from tn
ts lessons let us emulate them in love OF COun
Se and respect for the Constitution and the laws
ID OUR FINANCES.
of THE report of the Secretary of the Treasury
CHI fords much information respecting the reven
it and commerce of the country. His views up
vat the currency. and with reference to proper I
Id iustment of our revenue system, internal as W
to as impost are commended to the careful cons
N Grafton of Congress. IN my last annual mesa
Ia expressed my general views upon these 81
iects need now only call attention to the
St eessity of carrying into every department OF
ell Government system Of rigid acCountab1h
N thorough retrenChment, and wise economy
re With no exceptional nor unusual eXpenditur
m | the oppressive burdens of taxation can be
We sened bv such modification of our revenue la
mt as will be consistent with the public faith,
nj the legitimate and necessary wants of the O.
as eminent.
of The report presents much more satisfactC
cd condition of our finances than one year ago
,g- most sanguine could have anticipated. DUR
es the fiscal year ending the Both June, 1865,
III last year of the war; the public debt was incre
n ed s941 902 $751; and on the 31st OF October, Is
m, it amounted to S2,740, S5i,7J0. On the 31st {
re- of October, 1866, it had been reduced to s2,5
as ! 30 OO6 the diminution, during period of 70
ID teen months, commencing September 1855, 8
or | ending October 81, 1866, hayingA been S206,3
in 500 In the last annual report on the state of
tu- finances it was estimated that during the tn
lin quarters of the fiscal year ending the Both of il
WIS last the debt would be increased SIP 1874, 947