Delaware Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1843-1874, 1866-01-04
AaRICU 1T Or E,

soxs or rnz THucx GARDzxs rHAT susrLr
Nsw Yosx.-Mr Peter Henderson, near Jsrssy
City, who is = sensible, practical punerymanI
and gardener, lately delivered an address on
the subject OF the New Jersey Markst- gardens
on the Other or eastern aide Of the State,
which may contain some hints that may be
useful TO reprint In our columns hence We
have made the following extrsots: asa iiasaii.
"The market gardens OF New Jersey are
embraced In half circle Of ten miles from the |
City Hall, New York. The land occupied by /
them 10 about 1000 acres, and II Ia question: !
able whether there 10 an equal area any where |
else in the country SO thoroughly cultivated,
or with such profitable results In many cases
the returns are 81, 500 per acre, and it ia per
feetly safe to say that the whole average 10
81 900 per sore But this high degree Of fer
tility Is only obtained By the hishest euitiva-
ten, and II takes about three years 70 break
in farm lands and bring them up to this high
standard. The varieties Of vegetables cultiva-
ted are few in number, and mostly different
from those Of Long Island, whose lands en-
brace q much greater extent, but are not so
highly cultivated. The vegetables grown are
principally cauli-hewers, cabbagss, beeia, spi-
mach. onions, and lettuce for a first crop, fol
lowed BY celery, horse radish, thyme sage aud
other herbs for a second crop, for to produce
the above results the soil must be kept at
work, and as soon as the spring crops are of
in July, the pillow and harrow again invade
mother earth, and she is planted with the fall
crop. The particular manner Of cropping IL
something like this:
'Csuliaowers, for Instance, are planted out
two feet between the rows and fifteen inches
between the plants, lettuce between the rows,
which Is 1t for market before the caulhowers
are large enough to be injured. The caBli-
, flowers in turn are marketed the last Of June
!, or first week Of July, when the ground IL pre-
, pared and planted with celery in the follow
= ing manner: After the soil has been well pull.
: verified by blowing and narrowing, liuss are
! struck out three feet apart, and the ground
kept clean by the cultivators, until sptem-
= Der, when the plants are strong enough to
a allow,the earth to be[laid up against them by
the pillow, and the banking Is completed with
a the spade. In private gardens the plants are
! often set on level surface one foot apart each
way, the ground kept free from weeds unit
n the celery so completely covers II as Il
a smother or keep them down. In Its struggl,
for light, the celery stalks shoot up In a con
vsnient form for blanohing. This process h
= best performed BY lifting the plants and set,
~ ting them out In cool cellar In sand about thu
4. middle Of November. They are packed prett.
n close and the sand sifted In to nearly the top
= Of the plants. Grown In this way plot o
20 by 20 feet will give 400 plants-an abund
ance for family from November to May. Tn
n variety best suited for this market Is know
as the French or Incompatible Dwarf.
v another feature peculiar to the Jerse.
e market gardeners, is the forcing and forward
4 ing OF early vegetables by hot-beds md cole
q frames, Immense numbers Of which srs used
o some growers have upward Of 1000 sashe
70 principally for the forwarding of lettuce an,
= cucumbers In cold frames. This frame ID very
n simple, being two boards . to 10 inches wide
v fastened to end bosrd six feet long, on whiol
/ by 6 feet sash are placed to any desired ex'
n tent. The lettuce plants are set In them Il
" March, eight inohes apart, or so plants pc
% sash. By the middle Of May the lettuce is q
for use. As soon as few heads are out seed
Q, for eucumbers are sown in their places. The
Is come up quickly, and take the place of tb
a. remaining lettuce as 1t is removed. By thi
e. method any occupant Of city lot could I'm
q. a corner for q sash or two, and with littl
" trouble provide lettuce and ououmbers at
q time when stale ones, which have pssse
20 through half q dozen hands, could not be pui
lie chased at less than 81 so per doaen."