davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

The House of Representatives ut Augusta
has repealed the law restricting the extension
of the broad guage from Portland to Bos-
ton. At the present time all freight CON-
ing FROM Canada or the West over the Grand
Trunk railroad, (broad guage) must be un-
loaded and loaded on the cars Of the narrow
guasc road leading to Boston. The effect is
TO make Portland terminus Of the great
route instead Of Boston. and making the for
mer grand freight depot. The law made
in the Portland interest, after q severe con-
.es. was repealed by the strong vote Of Il
to 46. The Senate has not yet acted upon
the question, but its repeal is conceded. The
York County members. except Shaw OF Bid
dcford and Sanborn Of Klttery, voted against
its repeal.
That the puslic will be much better ac-
commodated by the extension Of third rail,
is very evident. To illustrate The CON-
pany Of this city which furnisheda large part
Of the cotton machinery for Mills in Lewis
ton. previous to the building Of the new road
from Brunswick to Lewiston, were obliged
to re ship all that immense amount OF machi-
merry at Portland at great expense in delay
help, and damage to the same. When the
boxes in which the machinery was sent were
r'turned. they 1.-THE company were not only
obliged to re ship them, but to toactually trans
port the said boxes across the city to theP. s
and p. railroad depot.
As this is but sample Of a thousand 9th
or kinds OF freight, we are justified in saying
that IL the good OF the grand public is to b
considered, tho laying of u third rail is de-
manded. But we are not surprised tha,
Portland should strcnuously oppose the re-
peal OF the law yet we think that the an
ticipated decadence OF the prosperity OF our
sister city is entirely gratuitous. The sue
cess and stability Of the "natural seaport"
is not so ephemeral as is represented.
1t will continue to DO the chief city Of i'm
portance, next to the "hub", in New Eng
land, without the present forced tribute to its
perlnanency.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

engines, for carriages. but Of stragn. JsIa.S,
for himself Now, almost oil nations nav ,.,;i;,s
the ssyacity and ingenuity to seize anu u"'''
'n1 WA Peter the Great, in i76o or tnerea-
.o,,,. commepced canal between the wo'sn
.nJ the Don, the Governors and poyars .. y.
a shs country opposed II earnestly, thinking u
;nn;ety 10 turn the rivers out oil their cnanheis
Ih;eh Heaven had assigned them.
When some Dutchmen proposed TO make the
-;,sr Naranares navigable To the Tagus, ana
,hat 20 Lisbon, the Council said that u u had
hen the will of God that the river should be
sv;csbIe. He would have made IL 30.
when Brinley, the great engineer, told
committee of Parliament, To- whom Bridgews.
ssrs netition was referred. that canals were bet
Ter than rivers, and would supersede them for
the purpose Of navigation, the oommrttec were
.hocked, aud asked him. "And pray. sir. what
we're the rivers made f6r!" ''ro fed the can
AIS" was the answer.
DIR. Franklin surveyed the route OF tho Della
ware and Chesapeake Canal At his own ex-
pensc in 1857.
B,ron Napier surveyed the route Of the Forth
and Clyde Canal at his own expense, In l76l.
Both these works were subsequently, accom-
plished, but AFTER great delay.
DIR. Zabdiel Boyalston introduced inoccula-
,ion for the smallpox into Boston, In l72l, and
tried Il first on his son Thomas, and other
members ofthe family, but such was the force
of prejudice and unbelief that the other physi-
clans gave unanimous opinion against IL. the
municipal government prohibited its practice,
and the populace would have torn him to pie
ces IL he had not retired from the city.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
COLUMBIA CAPTURED.
Rebel View of Gen. Sherman's Moreme ents-
Rumored Capture Of .Augusta-Suspensio'
of the Charleston Mercury.

City Point. "a, Fsb. ls-To Hon. f.. NJ
Stanton:-The following Is taken from to days
Richmond Dispatch: -
The fall of Columbia. Columbia has fail'
en- Sherman marched into and took posses
sion of the city yesterday morning. The intel.
lcence was communicated yesterday by Gen
Beaurcgard in an official dispatch. Columbia
is situated on the north bank of the Congare'
River. just below the confluence OF the Saluda
and Broad Rivers.
From Gen. Beauregard's dispatch II appears
that on Thursday evening the enemy ap.
preached the south bank Of the Congaree and
threw a number of shells into the city. Dur
ing the night they moved up the river, and yes.
tertlny morning forled the Saluda and Broad
rivers. While they were crossing the rivers ou'
troops under Gen. Beauregard evacuated Co-
lumbia. The enemy soon after took posses
sion.
srhrough private sources we learn that two
days ago, when it was decided not to attempt
defence of the city, large quantity OF medioln'
nj stores, which Il was thought 1t was impossl'
Bile to remove, we're destroyed. The female
employees In the Treasury Department had
previously sent off to harlOit N. Q. we
presume the Treasury Lithographic establish
ment was also removed, although rs 10 this We
have no information.
The fall of Columbia necessitates, We pre-
sumo, the evacuation Of Charleston, which we
think likely Is already in process OF evacua.
tion. II Is impossible to say where next Sher
man will direct his columns. The generalop
ion is that he will go to Charleston and estab
lish base there, but We confess We do not see
what need he has of q base. II is to be pre-
sumed that he is subsisting on the country and
he has had no battles to exhaust his ammunl'
ton. Before leaving Savannah he declared MS
intention to march to Columbia, thence to Au-
Custa and to Charleston. This was uttered as
q boast and to hide his designs We are dis
posed 10 believe that he will next strike Char.
iotte, which Is 100 miles north o. Columbia on
the Columbia and Charlotte Railroad, or at
Florence, s. c.. the junction OF the Columbia
and Wilmington Railroad, some ninety miles
east Of Columbia. There was report yestcr-
day that Augusta had also been taken by the
enemy. This we do not believe. We have res.
son to feel assured that nearly the whole oi
Shermsn's army is at Columbia, and that the
report that Scho6eld was advancing on Angus
ta was untrue. .u .r.. .
From the Whig:
"The Charleston Mercury Of Saturday an
nounccs brief suspension Of that paper with
view to its temporary removal to another
point This is rendered necessary by the pro
gress of military events cutting II Oh from the
mail facilities for distributing It's papers to .
large portion of It's subscribers, while tho lack
Of transportation renders Its supply OF paper
precarious.
Semmes has been made Rear Admiral, aud
will take command Of the James River Squad.
ron. rU
f.i- Lieutenant General.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

The GARNET A Washington correspond.
cnt. speaking Improbable changes in the Cab.
met thus speaks Of our distinguished fellow.
citizen, Vice President Hamlin, in connection
with the Navy Department:
Well, let us suppose that neither the State O,
the Treasury portfolios have given to New
Highlander, aud that Secretary Wells has re-
signed. who-in Maine, New Hampshire,
Vermont. Massachusetts,, Rhode Island and
Connecticut-will be the man 10 be thus hon.
ored Surely there can be but one response
Hannibal Hamlin. 1t was no secret here, Ia
July last. that Mr.. Chase desired to have Mr..
Hooper as his successor in the Treasury De-
partment, but that Mr.. Lincoln selected Mr..
fessenden in order to secure the election OF
Mr.. Hamlin to the Senate. The result was just
opposite, and II Is believed that the declared
kind feeling Of Mr.. Lincoln toward Mr. Ham
lin viii prompt him to offer the retiring Vice
President the naval portfolio-if New England
has not been other wise provided for.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

The PEACE AGITATION IN rur rREBEL STATES.
The Charleston Mercury after declaring
that the Carolinians arc rs much disgust
ed with JEFF. Davis now as they were
with Abraham Lincoln in 1861, says Il may
bc mistaken but It thinks the people Of South
Carolina-s majority Of them-would jump
at pence with reconstruction. and doubts not
that Shermans reception in that State will
strengthen that conviction. Tho Raleigh
Progress says: .o hpt sa
Tho people Of the country, not only here in
North Carolins, but throughout the whole
South. begin to zee the state and condition
which tho war has brought them 10 It's true
light, and TO speak out. Bastiles, star
chambers and inquisitions have lost their
power to awe the people, and tho great pub
tic heart begins to throb aloud, and the pop
ulsr voice is loud and constant for peaoe.
We say candidly 10 our friends 10 the Legis-
lature that we believe this 10 be their last
chance. Do something now or you may new
or have another opportunity. And take the
bull BY the horns and do something practi,
cal. Tho people want peace, regardless OF
JEFF. Davis and Abe Lincoln. Give them
peaoe and protection for person and property.
and they care vsry little about boundary limos
or who may be president. .o.A jay lha''S
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
Gov. Johnson on Emancipation.

The Convention OF Tennessee having pro
vidcd for emancipation throughout the State
were addressed by Gov. johnson in speech
Of remarkable power and beauty. We 70,
cord few Of the closing paragraphs:
This government was created to live in
porpetuity. II was sent on great mission
to the nations OF the earth, which is not yet
fulfilled. IL is destined to pass through
great trials, to give evidence that it is fit Tor
It's work. Its constitution can be modified,
reformed, and adapted to the progress Of the
people. There is no provision for its destruc.
ton. but for its perfection. These are
changing times and changing world, and
mind and matter arc undergoing continual
changes. Two things only change not, hu-
man reason and the sovereignty Of tho peo-
ple-the light of intellect and the principles
Of free government. These are the great bea.
cons to mark out the road. along which the
nations of the earth must travel
Let no man delude himself with tho dream
the vague hope, that he still holds slavery
let him cut the cord ut once, and no will feel
great deal easier. Not let any man sup
pose that think that any portion OF the
populace should be turned forth as loafers
without work. The sooner wo get out of
this transition state-which is always
the negroes In five years from now the Ia
Dor Of the black man will be moro produc-
tive than ever. for freedom simply means lib
erty to work and enjoy the product Of ones
labor. Let US try to comprehend the times
in which we live, and the great principles
which are at work. There is breaking up
Of old combinations. and men are coming TO-
gcther by their natural afiinities. Old par
ties are disintegrating. and new ideas thrown
out among men OF mind form tho basis Of
new parties. Here is tho great contest Of
philanthropy, of sound reason. of humanity,
whose foundation is the Christian religion |;
bow Of promise whose base rests upon the
horison. and whose span arches the universe.
In the midst Of the darkness which has
been resting on the land for three years, n
darkness deeper than that Of the dark ages
from you, sitting in the midst Of carnage,
and Of death, has gone forth light to illu-
inmate the world and teach mankind that
you can be free. feel that God smiles on
what you have done. and that II meets the
appreciation Of the hosts that surround him.
how it contrasts with the shieks, and cries
and wailings which the institution Of slave
ry has brought on the land
Look along the battle fields Of Tennessee
AT the new made graves-witness your
countrymen perishing in battle; see even the
Goddess of Liberty, struggling through des-
olation, carnage, and blood, and almost driv-
en- from our borders; Might not cay with
the poet
10 bloodiest picture in the book Of ,imc!"
And yet out Of all this gloomy scene,
beams light to illuminate the world in fu.
ture years. As your iellow-citizcn. who ex-
poets in some Of your valleys to deposit his
bones, l thank you again for the noble work
which you have done.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
GLORIOUS NEWS!
The Old Flag Waving over Sum.
ter, MOultrie, & Charleston.
900 GUNS CAPTURED
The City scs on Fire BY ihe Rebels.

frgE I'Ef NEW YoRk, Feb. 81.
Steamer Fulton, from Port Royal. reports
that Charleston was evacuated on the night
Of the 18th. and oil tho Notifications left In
an uninjured condition. We captured 2OC
heavy guns, and an immense amount OF ma
terial. Our forces were moving up to the
city when the Fulton left. Part Of the troops
stationed ut james Island crossed over in
boats and took possession Of the city with
out opposition. The enemy, previous to
evacuation, fred the city, by which COCO
bales Of cotton wore burned. Probably two
thirds Of the city will be destroyed before the
fire is subdued
A fearful explosion occurred at Whining.
ton Depot-cause unknown-by which sew.
eral hundred citizens were killed.
Admiral Dahlgren was the first to run up
to the city, where he arrived at about two
o'clock P. NJ. Gen. Q. A. Gilmore followed
soon utter in the steamer w. w. Colt, and
had an interview with Gen. elfcnnig,
he being the first General officer in tho city,
aud for the present in command. Itis sup
posed that Beauregard evacuated Charleston
in order to concentrate his forces and give
Sherman battle. The remains Of two iron.
clads were found, which tho enemy destroyed
by blowing them up previously to the evao'
uation.
The blockade runner Cyreno, just arrived
from Nassau, fell into our hands, and two
Others were expected to run in on tho night
of the 18th.
The first flag over Sumter was raised by
Capt. Henry NJ. Bragg, aide-de.campon Gen.
Gilmore's staff, having for a staff an oar and
boat.hook lashcd together.
The houses in the lover part of the city
were completely riddled BY our shot and shell.
The wealthy part of the population have de-
serted the city, and now oil that remain arc
of the poorer classes, who arc suffering for
want of food.
1t was reported at Hilton Head that the
left wing of Shcrman's army had reached
Midway. on the Charleston and Augusta
Railroad, and that the rebels In consequences
had evacuated Branchville and fallen back on
Orangeburg.
A movement had been made by tho force
under Gen. Hatch, which resulted IN the cap.
ture of six pieces of artillery, which the rob-
els had abandoned. The carriages were de-
stroyed.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
New Publications.

Nurse and Spy In the Union Army, Is the title
of new book by Miss 8. Emma L. Edmonds.
Miss Edmonds Is native Of New Brunswick,
was educated for tho Missionary work. and
from the most praise-worthy patriotism, rs.
sumed for n time the costume OF the opposite
sex and entered field rs scout nurse and spy.
Eleven times, In various disguises she passed
the enemies lines, even entering the fortihca-
tions of ofRichmond; endured hariships and un.
told privations, and hnzarded her life for the
country in its time Of peril. Her adventures
stranger than fiction, moro thrilling than ro.
nance. And with generosity only equal to
her patriotism, she appropriates her portion
Of the profits Of the work to the sick and
wounded soldiers. The book Is II ustrated with
o fine steel portrait of the author, and eight
wood cut engravings from original designs rep
resenting some 0t her most exciting and peril
Gus situations. '
NJ. lln f MAINE INSANE HOSPITAL
Tuesday, Feb. 0, 1865. 5 81.
Hon. SAMUEL CosY: ..... -..
RESPECTED SIR:-Enclused please find seven
ty.tive dollars; part Of the proceeds Of the sale
Of Nurse and Spy IN this city. which I wish you
to appropriate for the usc Of your sick aud
wounded soldiers In Cony General Hospital, and
Oblige. .,,,u,, -.
STATE or MAiSE, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, !
HF lJi Augusta, Feb. 2, 1865.
Miss OwES:- Your polite note and kind con-
tributions Of Seyeuty-fve dollars, which am
asked to apply for thebeneft Of tho sick aud
wounded soldiers In Cony General Hospital,
is received. De pleased to accept in their be
half, my thanks for your generous donation,
and may the success you have met with In this
city, In dsposlng Of tho Nurse and Spy, attend
Very truly yours, SAMUEL CoSY,
-. Governor Of Maine.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
EVACUATION OF CHARLESTON.
Federal Vessels mouing up to the city.-Sasr'
man still mouing Norih.-Deia,is Of tn
Capture of Columbia.-Fsderal Raids IN
North Carolina. Ia-,n ..eE fsIh'
CrrY Porxr, Feb. %.

CfrY POINT, Feb. ~.
Hon. E. NJ Stanton. Sscretary Of War: m
The following paragraphs are extracted from
the Richmond papers of to-day:
1--WE now know that Charleston was evacu.
ated on Tuesday last, and that on Friday the
enemy took possession OF Columbia. Il In re-.
ported that our forces under Gen. Beaurcgard,
are moving In the direction Of Charlotte. on.
oial intelligence was received at the War Office
morning advancing, and was near wlusboro', ,
and thirty miles north Of Columbia. Charlotte
Il thronged with refugees from Columbia, who
report that some Of wheeler's cavalry plum
dercd the city before the evacuation. 800
Up TO Tuesday last, Il was uncertain whether
Columbia would come within the immediate
range Of Sherman's purposes. and consequent
ly the public mind was not prepared for such
an carly solution IT the question. The govern.
meut had however just two weeks ego taken
tho preoaution to Remove iu specie deposited
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

gThere has been discovered in the heart
Of Siberia sulphurous lake, the waters ol
which are IN inialliblc specific against invet.
erate scrofula. II Is situated IN the distric.
OF Tomsk, not very far from the town ol
Kainsk. The Russia journals comment Of
great length upon this important natural
curiosity, and the government Of the Car d
to have It thoroughly examined by scientif-
10 commission. ltis expected that when the
proposed railroads. built that Western Eu-
rope will flock to tho sulphur bath OF Siberia
as they now crowd tho bathing. places oi
Germany. l.4t a.la4i- tr-f1 p,l'iI ~
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

Gen. Terry was indebted to an acciden.
for his fame. Il is said no was at Gen.
Grants headquarters the day after tho news
of Butler's withdrawal from Fort Fisher had
been received. and in conversation with
Grant, said: Il think Gen. Butler could
have taken tho fort" .Do your" nid Gen.
Grant; "then go and take il yourself" "
And he was forthwith put in command ol
the expedition.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
General Sherman's Campaign Capfare Of
Branchriiie afler three days severe fighting
Nryy YoRK. Feb. rs

New YORK, Fcb Is.
The Hcrald's Fort Fisher correspondence
says courier from Sherman arrived ut Smith.
vile on the 18th announcing the capture oi
Branchville after three days. severe fighting.
The courier came across the country. Will
mington papers of the 9th confirm the state
ment.
Richmond papers say that on Tuesday col
umn of Yankees were within few miles OF Au-
gusta, and that on Wednesday Sberman's ad-
vance reached the south bank Of the Congarec,
within q few miles Uf Columbia, the rebels hay.
ing fallen back to the North hank. A battle
was considered imminent.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

The Nevada legislature has ratified the
amendment to the Constitution Of the Unit.
ed States abolishing slavery. There was on.
ly one vote in each house against IL, both
Democrats. 10y. ,.... .i..5.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

The House Committee on Elections have
recommended giving seats to Mossm. Boara-
no, Fields and Mann Of Louisiana, and MOssr.
Jacks and johnson Of Arkansus. ...
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24

.Godcy's Lady's Book for next month Is ~.
ceived, brimful Of good things and especially
elaborate with the spring fashions. :
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
MAINE INSANE lIosriTAL, !
Tuesday, Feb. o, 1865. (

That sterling monthly. Arthur's Homo Mag
azine, for March, is received.
The Union and journal., 1865-02-24
Gbe Qnion &gonrnal
The Broad Guage Question.

Riddeford. Feb. I'D. 1895.
The Portland daily press., 1865-06-22

Oman ipne time before certain simple truths
can penetrate the clouds Of prejudice and
reach the mind of the masses, but they are
sure to doit at last, and the people wonder
why they had not discovered them before,
since they look so plain and simple now.
The rebellion, bloody and terrible as 1t mas
been. has not revealed any thing new 10 some
minds touching the great evils Of slavery
Dr. Channing's little book, generassonl ago'
told the whole story apd all that TINS 1erfiDie
war has revealed. sad yet u seems that moth
ing short Of This rebelli ~ could make the evils
81 hmm !, q age appear id their true colors
totha- public mind and heart. Now almost
avery body, except the wilfully blind, sees
its enormities, and says it must no longer ex-
list in this country. So it will be in relation
to negro suffrage. The time is coming when
this right will appear as plain as the evils OF
slavery cwdo, andspeopae will wonder why
they didn't see it long ago. 1t viii take time
to make this manifest as it has other things,bH
litSfif become Is clear as asanbeam. Even
those who have been shareholders will yet see
and acknowledge the justice OF such meas
ure, we arsnot alarmed as the World APP
pears to be, that President johnson should re-
tain some OF the power in his hands which
Congress has given him. Circumstances may
yet call for its exercise. It'll hardly time yet
for SHAREHOLDERS 70 have full swing.
r. a e -
The Portland daily press., 1865-06-22
NAVY DEPARTMENT.

bureau OF Construction and Repair,
Sealed Proposals 10 furnish Timber and Materials
Tor the Navy for the fiscal year ending June 30 &c.,
VII PC received at the Bureau Of Construction and
repair until 10 O'Clock on the 18th day Of JULY
next, at which time the opening will be commenced
Proposals must be endorsed proposals for Timber
and Materials for theNavy that they may be dstin
gushed from from other business letters and direct
Repair. -S'''- ~A~
The materials and articles embraced I'm the CLASSES
named are particularly described In the printed
schedules any Of which will be furnished to such as
essre 70 oier on application 10 the Commandments or
tne respective YARDS or TO the Navy Agent nearest
thereto and those of all the yards upon application
The co@@sndant Of each Navy Yard win inform
sizes variable. -lI RI
This division into Glasses being for the convenience
q dealers IN each, such classes only will be furnish
ed as are actually required for bids The Command
ant and Navy Agent for each station will In addition
to the schedule Of classes Of their own yards have
copy q the schedules Of the other yards xamina-
tion only, nom which may DO judged whether II will
be desirable to make application for any the class
es ofthose Yards AlLothe1things being equal pref.
erenee Will be given toartieles Of American manuac.
Offers must be made for the whole of the class nj
any Yard, upon one Of the printed schedules or in
strict conformity therewith or they will not be
Upon application to the Bureau. to the Command
ant ofany yard or to any Navy Agent. the form Of
oner or guarantee and other necessary information
respecting the proposals, viii be furnished.
The contract will DO awarded TO the lowest bidder
who gives proper guarantees required BY the law
ofAugust TO- 1916, the Navy Department reserving
the right 70 reject the lowest bid any which may
be deemed exorbitant futf NN III u
The contracts viii bear date the day the notiaca-
ton Is given, and deliveries can be made from that
date.
Sureties in the full amount win be REQUIRED to sign
the contract. and their responsibility certified to by
a United states District Judge, United States Dis
trict Attorney, Collector, or Navy Agent. As add-
tonal security, twenty per eentun will be withheld
from the amount Of the bills until the contract shall
have been completed and eighty per centum Of each
the respective yards, win be paid by the Navy
Agents at the points OF delivery In funds or eert
Gates at the option Of the Government, within ten
daysafter the warrant for the shall have been
passed By the Secretary the Treasury.
\ The classes Of this Bureau are numbered and des-
Ignated as f0llows- iF