The New York herald., 1865-02-20

there has been an obstinate struggle between the
Old Russian and the New Russian party or the party
OF rerogresson ana The party Of progress for perma
occupation, which has been decided in favor of tho
Grand Duke His imperial Hghness without question
Of the most liberal princes in Europe
always excepting the Prince Montagrand)s . and
many OF the reforms naugurated under the present
reign have been owing TO his influence; but his un-
fortunate administration OF Poland lby accepting which,
stated the time, he fell into trap laid by his
mies, had seriously injured his reputation, and IL
openly declared by the anti-liberal party that he
was a losl man, and would never hold up his head
aagiD His temperance on the scene Is generally
regarded symptom that the rcactionary period is
drawing to close, aud may expect that under his
auspices the changes in the Judicial and administrative
institutions Of the empire that into operation this
year. will be carried oat in fair and liberal spirit and
that mercfl system will be adopted towards tho
unhappy Poles. On the other hand the occupation Of
80 many Of the highest Offices by princes Of the imperial
family is not without its hconycnences One
grand duke is already viccroy Of the Caucss another
commander chief OF the military district of st. Pc
tersburg; and as the Emperoys and nephews
up (Ihere eighteen Of them altogsther 1t will be
necessary 10 nnd and royalties
distribute among them. They cannot all be equally
competent; but they win all be equally irresponsible; and
thus the most important posts will be filled by personages
who above the laws and whose mistakes msdeeds
will have TO remain unpunshed What the consequences
ofsuch an arrangement may be has been seen in Poland,
where the vice royalties OF the two Grand Dukes Constan
tine each resulted in revolution, and that notwith
standing the totally different characters of the uncle and
the nephew. The rapid increase Of the imperial family
l. placing Russia in something like the situation she
In at the death Of Vladimir the Grat who divided his
domnions among his twelve sons which brought about
two centuries Of confusion and nerlecne dssensions
terminating In the invasion Of the Tartars
It. to be feared that the Emperors eldest the
hereditary Grand Duke, win not live TO give evidence Of
his capacity for the high position TO which his birth
would entitle him. His health had somewhat improved
after his departure from Florence but his arrival
Nice he was again taken sick nd by the con
tn his and tI h 30 viii
only be by good care and continued residence In mild
climate His marriage will Of have to be adjourned
sine die, at least till he Is able TO return to the north
without danger II ho does ut all The climate of
this northern metropolis is deadly persons of
sumptye habit, unless they lead an artificial life and
avoid all with the external atmosphere The late
Empress mother went out OF her palace In the
winter season, and kept all her apartments heated TO
summer temperature. But such life will not do for
Car Of Russia whomt he people accustomed to see
from end Of his immense empire the other and
notshut up In his palace like Eastern Sultan. The
present Emperor though not OF SO hercuean consttu
ton his father quite as active, and braves every
extreme Of arctic cold In pursuit OF his favore amsc
men Of bear hunting And so the poor Grand Duke had
than back here be killed by the rostth0ugh,
by the way the sun Of Italy does not appear to shine
winter there complain bitterly Of the cold rainy weather
and say they might just as well have stopped In 81
Petersburg The Inhabitants of Nice assure them that
the climate has changed since the annexation TO France
that the French have brought the cold with them and
ruined all their orange plantations Similar complaints
were made by the inhabitants Of the Crmea after
conquest Of that country by the Russians
The budget published BY the Minister OF Of Finance a. the
two mill ons Of roubcs which rather less than ha III
what i was IN 1894 the diminu,ion being chiefly at
tanned by o reduction Of the army estimates. The Min
lister expects that further reductions during the current
year will restore the equilibrium between the receipts
and the expenses, and the army still absorbs more
than eth of the revenue Zone hundred and twenty
millions OF roubles) tits clear that considerable
ings might be effected in that department but then
IL is asked why new levy Of recruits is e
take place this year. which must be attended Will
corresponding expenditure. After the Crimean wa
CONSUMPTION suspended for less than
years; cad since there very little prospec, Of bsin
Involved in foreign war for the present. after hay
ing almost miracuously ESCAPED in 1853 there
why IL should be again rssortsd TO. The mill
tary operations In Central conducted by tn
local troops ia OrenbnIg and Western. Siberia,
will not require single man to be sent from Europe
crushed, 20 that there. is nothing to prevent
| government from making sweeping reduction In
diiiicnltes under which we now labor The new ioar
ought TO be exclusively devoted to the construction Of the
great Southern Railway and mol used to keep up army
which is already larger than necessary As long the
internal communications defective " may be indis
Icnsable to have strong military power every point
o. the frontier that may be Threatened with attack but
when, we can move troops from end Of European
Russia to the other In few days, much smaller
|
Of offence. II must be- acknowledged, however, that
vigorous efforts are beng made 10 compee system Of
railways In as short time possible The great Southern
road has been commenced simultaneously from Moscow
and Odessa, and is 10 strike the Dneper at kremcnchoog
ffom whence branch is to be opened 10 Kon If every
thing well 1t may be finished by the spring OF 1857
and direct communication by rail will then he estsb
shcd between IT, Petersburg and the shores OF he Black
Sea- From the Amoor learn that the telegraph has
been laid down from Nikolaief TO khaaronke, a dis
tance OF 300 and the line from lr<otsk "a
the streko Is completed, interval Of only 500
u
With the Pacific iow hours VIII tbcn suIics for
receive intelligence from the most distant quarters oil IN,
empire ana ii Mr.. Collins American company really
about constructing their telegraph to California may
soon be In speaking distance OF New York. 9
i A Russian transIiion recently printed here OF
speech delivered by Mr. Casss w. Clay the University
Of Albany. We are Informed that Mr.. clay after sur
mounting the diicuics OF French grammar, Is bus !,
engaged In studying Russian very nueh IL Is said th
discontinue OF Prince Gortcaakon who IL afraid that
future the ambassador will be writing his dispatches
him In Russ, which may be even hard to make
than his French.
I OUR WAR IN EUROPE.