davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
Judge Story on the Republic.

In hts Commentaries on the Constitution
Justice Story refers to the causes which con-
lrhuted to and produced The downfall of
other republics in former periods. A portion
of his concluding remarks are given below.
They should be read and remembered bv
every reader: Already the American Re
public is totteliug and ou the verge of ruin
from the very causes he mentions
MANY reflections crowd upon the mind at
such moment, many grateful reflections Of
the past and many anxious thoughts of the
future. The past is secure. 1t is unalterable.
The seal of eternity is upon it. The wisdom
which it has bestowed. and the blessings
which it has bestowed, cannot be obscured;
neither can it be debased by human f,lly or
by human inirmty. The futur5 is that
which may well awaken the most earnest
solicltude both for the virtue and permanence
of our republic. The fate Of other repub'
lies, their rise, their progress, their decline
and their fall, are written but too legbIy on
the pages of history, if, indeed, they we're
not continually before us in the startling
fragments Of their ruin. Those republics
have perished; and Lave pershed by their
own hands. Prosperity had enervated them;
corruption had debased them; and venal
populace has consummated their destruction.
The people, alternately the prey OF military
chieftains at home, and of ambitious invaders
abroad, have been sometimes cheated out of
their liberties by servle demagogues, some
times betrayed into surrender Of them by
false patriots; and sometimes they have will
lingy sold them for a price to tho despot
who bas bidden highest for his victims.
They have disregarded the warning voice of
their best statesmen, and have prosecuted
and driven from office their truest friends
They have listened to the counsels of fawn-
ing sycophants or base calumniators of the
wise and good. They have reverenced pow,
er more in its high abuses and summary
movements, that its calm and constitutional
energy, when it dispensed blessings with an
unseen but liberal hand. They have sur
rendered to faction what belonged to lhe
common interests and common rights of the
country Patronage and party the triumph
of an arttul popular leader, and The discou-
tents of day, have outweighed, in their
view, all solid principles and institutions of
government. Such are the melancholy esl
sons of the past history of the republics down
to our own
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
Cur ProsOerous Peonle.

Prices are high, but money plenty. The
theatres, the dancing halls, the railroad cars
and the lecture rooms are full to overflowing.
You will see more cost and gauly dresses
and more gay equpages on the street each
afternoon now than in any winter before du
ring the present generation. In the larger
cities the night is vocal with festive music
and the day with laughter. Business goes
on swimmingy, and business men rub their
hands with gee at their apparently increas-
ing wealth. 1t is probable that hundreds of
dollais change hands this year where tens
were paid out four years ago. 1t costs hea~
viIy to live ordinarily well, but most men
are living better than usual. At first thought
this state of affairs, in the midst of the most
gigantic wat of modern times, defes all our
logic, and is deemed extraordinary and un-
natural. The fact, however, is quite the com
trary. 1t is with nations as with individuals.
If we borrow largely, we spend literally.
When the nation borrows thousand mil
lions upon its bonds and pays out the money,
it temporarily thrves upon property not its
own. The borrowed capital finds its way
into the pockets of private individuals, and
the plentitude of money is succeeded by
extravaganza in expenditure. Any property
owner on any occasion may illustrate this
sort of prosperity and run the same course
by mortgagng his real estate and spending
the proceeds in high living. Bat no sensible
individual would attempt the experiment
The ultimate consequence is inevitable bank
ruptcy, poverty and ruin. A reference to
the past history of nations substantiaes this
fact completely.
The United States to-day is living upon
borrowed capital We are squanderng the
property Of our children. The labor and
the lands of generations to come after US are
mortgaged to pay the expenses of our pres
ent folly. An era of taxes and financial de-
pression-of national and individual poverty
will succeed this brief period of inordinate
extravaganza and luxury. After the mad
delusons of the hour will come tbs penalty
of the violated law, We shall avoid this
penalty just SO long as our national credit
holds out, and we continue to mortgage the
future to pay the expenses of the present.
When our credit is gone and payday comes,
we shall learn then what it is to thrive on
borrowed capital and fail in business.
MIWaukee NewS
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
Law of Newspapers.

Subscribers who do not give express notice
to the contrary are considered as Wishing TO con-
tinue the subscription.
.. If subscribers wish their papers d'scoh'lhu, u,
od nnblishcrs nay continue to send them until
all charges are paid.
3, Ifsubscribers neglect or refuse to take their
noners from the Office or place to which they are
sent, they are held responsible until they settle
tbnir hills and give due notice to discontinue
4. If subscribers move TO other places without
informing the publisher. and the paper is sent to
tbe former direction. they,are held Responsible
Notice should always he given OF the removal
!. The Courts have decided, that refusing to
fake paper from the Office. or removing and
leaving it uncAlled for, is prima Jactca evidence
ofintcntional fraud
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

BELIGERENr LEGIsLAroRs.-A Carson
City dispatch to the Alta gives the following
account of a scene in the Nevada Senate:
MIR. Sumner demanded that Mr. Winton
should retract the words "dastardly coward" "
as applied to him by the latter, at an indig-
nation meeting in Virginia relative to the
new charter. MIR. Winton refused, and rel
ierated the same, saying that he was respon-
sible. Mr.. Sumner said that he would take
him at his word, and forthwith left the
Senate. A personal collision with deadly
weapons is liable at any moment The oath
of office excludes both from participating
in duel. Efforts are being made to con-
ciIate them, but the case is hopeless.
Mr.. Sumner is Colonel of the lst Regiment
Of the Nevada Volunteers, and is in active
service; and it would be naturally supposed
that nothing short of the duello will heal
his wounded honor.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

An ABOLITION CoNFEssIoN.-M. d. Con-
way, who some time ago attempted to ne.
gotiate with Mr.. Mason, the rebel represen-
tative in London, for the liberation of the
Southern slaves, the Confederates to be
recompensed by the support Of the Northern
Abolt:onsts for their independence, which
proposition was repodiated by the Aboii~
tionists, as soon as it was made public, has
written letter to the AMT Slavery Stand
ard" in which he says that these views were
endorsed by Garrison, Wendell Phillips and
others who sent him to England. We quote
the following extract from his commun'ca'
ton: 81 affirm that | had authority to
declare on behalf of leading Aboiitionists
who sent me here, that their support was
given to this war only because it is war Of
emancipation"
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

They are digging for gold in Rome. A
certain man discovered in an old MS. a
direction to dig from the Coliseum SO many
feet and find square stone; forty palms
below that trench; along that trench to the
center of the Coliseum, to an aqueduct con.
tanning twenty millions of scud He dug.
He found the stone. He found the trench.
He is still clearing the dirt out Of the latter,
agreeing TO give half of all he finds to the
government. All Rome is watching him
and is terribly excited.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
SHERMAN AND "FIGHTISG JoE."-lt is sait

SHERMAN AND "FIGHrIHG E."-lt is said
that when General Sherman's march through
Georgia was determined upon, the Secretary
of War informed him that the President
desired General Hooker should be appointed
second in command. General Sherman re-
piled, expressing his preference for Howard.
lie was again informed that the President
particularly desired the appointment of Gen.
Hooker Cen Sherman answered that his
resignation was at the Presidents disposal
when the Secretary wrote to Gen. Sherman:
"Appoint whom you please"
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

Rag" There is a joke-lhou2h possibly
wicked one-on certain chaplain, which
ought not to he lost to the world. 1t is the
chaplain's business to look after the regi-
mental mail This chaplain had been an
noyed exceedingly by the great number of
warriors who were running to him and en-
curing about the arrival and departure of
the mails. TO save time and patience he
posted notice outside his tent which read:
"Ihe chaplain does not know when the mail
will CO." and imagined his troubles at an
end. He was absent from camp that day,
and on returning and glancug at the notice
was horriied to see there upon his own door,
read by multitudes during the day, in a hand
exactly countereiting bis own, the following
words: "nether does he care a damn" 1t
was case of depravitv that he was unpre>
pared for.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
The Premier and the Station Master.

AT one of the chief stations on the Great
Western Railway, says an English paper, Isl
station master noted for selfconcet and
tluukevism. His reverence for a person
with Il handle to his name, is equaled only
By the esteem in which he holds himself.
One dav he deserted gentleman pacing the
platform with cigar in bis mouth. Mr..
- at once accosted the audacous offender
and requested him forthwith to stop smoking.
The gentlemen took no notice of this COM
mand, but continued his walk, emitting a
silverv cloud.
Irritated by this disobedience, Mr.. -
repeated his behess more peremptorily than
before: but still the owner Of the Havana
maintained most provoking disregard A
third time the order was rep aed accom-
panied with the threat that if the obstinate
sinner did not obey he would be handed over
to the tender mercies of the porters. The
stranger took no more heed than before, and
so at last. enraged, MIR. - pulled the cigar
out of the smokers mouth and flung it
away. This violent act produced no more
effect than commands and threats, and the
perpatetic philosopher continued his walk
quite serene|y. Presently carriage and
four drove up-an equpage well known to
Mr.. - as that Of the Duke of Beaufort.
To bis inconceivable horror the refractory
smoker entered the sal chariot, and drove
off in style to Badminton. Mr. ---- asked
in tremulous tones who the stranger was,
and he felt ready to sink into tho earth
when he heard that it was Viscounl Palmer
ston, X. G., First Lord of the Treasury. He
did not hesitate long, however; he at once
ordered chase and pair aud drove to Bad
minton. Arrived there, he sent in his card,
and urgently requested Il private interview
with Lord PaImerston.
His lordshp soon appeared, when Mr.
- began most al ect apology for having
$50 grossly insulled his lo,dship. Had he
known who his lordship was he would not
have SO treated his lordship for the world"
The Premier heard the station master out,
then looking down upon him sternIy, and
with his hands in his pockets said "Sir,
respected you because thought you were
doing your duty like Briton; but now see
you are nothing but a snob.' And thus
ended the station masters interview with the
Premier.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

new invention in Paris is said to be q
pair Of musical boots, which have bean
exhibited to the Emperor. AT every step
the pressure OF the foot produces melody
1t may be waltz, mazourka, or an operate
ar. This arrangement would be extremely
convenient for dancing master. What
sort of tune would it play when you kick
a man down stairs?
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

THE Foor OF a UoRsE. - The human
band has often been taken to illustrate Di-
vine wisdom--and very well. But have you
ever examined your hors3's foot? 1t is bard
" less curious IN its way. Its parts are
somewhat complicated, yet their design is
simple aud obvious The hoof is not, as it
appears to the careless eye, a mere lump of
insensible bone fastened to the leg by joint.
1t is made up Of a series of thin layers, or
leaves of horn, about five hundred in num-
ber nicely fitted to each other, and forming
lining to the hoof itself. Then there are
as many mere layers, belonging to what is
called the coffin bone" and fitted into this.
These are elastic. Take a quire of paper
and insert the leaves one by one into those
Of another qure, and you will get some idea
Of the arrangement of the layers. Now, the
weight Of the horse rests on as many elastic
springs as there are layers in his fore feet
about 1000; and this is contrived, not only
for the easy conveyance Of the horses own
body, but whatever burdens may be laid on
him Veterinary Journal.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

A carpenter who was always prognosticat-
ing evil to himself was one day upon the
roof of tive-story building upon which had
fallen rain. The roof .being slippery, he
lost his footing and as be was descending
towards the caves, he excaimed-"Justa as |
told your Catching however, in the spout,
he kicked of his shoes and reganing a
place of safety, from which he thus delivered
bimsef-"l knowed it; there's pair of
shoes conc to--thundel!n
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

The Monterey Gazette says that James
Sargent has sold his ranch near San Juan in
Monterey county, for sl5o,ooo. 1t cost him
about $4,000. The parties who purchased
it will expend $4,000 to develop the oil
springs on the place,
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

The members of Lincolns 45th darkey
regiment met at Washington and resolved
that in consideration Of 'de berry valuable
services dey had rendered de country dat
dey ought to be allowed to vote do same as
white folks"
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
Rates of Advertising:

Ten lines one square, tnTS s.zcu T!Fci
First insertion. oo
For holra square or less. ..."...'....:c;. w
Each subsequent insertion. ........... oo cents
1.;herol deductions made to monthly or yearly
advertisers.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

The plains says the Marysville Express of
the 9th inst, are now covered with living
green. The grass is growing finely, and all
nature smiles.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

An urchin suffering from an application
of the burcb, said: "Forty rods are said to
be furlong know better; let anybody
get such licking as I've had, and he'll find
out that one rod makes an acher."
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

A gold nugget, weighing forty ounces,
was recently taken oul Of claim Oh Grimes
Creek, Idaho Territory.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
3. F. MYREs,

'rhey and Counsellor at Law, Auburn.
()tnlCE in building on Court street, next door
oTaw 'ne NE, iemple. Having resumed the practice
Cara I WIZ attend to all business ntrused to his
!" 'ne several courts of the State. jellmy
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

Too MUCH OF A GooD THING.-Governor
Andrews, of Massachusetts, calls. attention
in his recent message to the fact that there
are in that State thirty nine thousand more
women, of all ages over fifteen than men.
The Governor quietly lays this fact along
side of another, namely, that California and
Oregon contain a still greater surplus Of
men. The Governor does not openly recon-
mend the forlorn damsels to emigrate, but
he intimates pretty plainly that that cond~
ton of society is happost and most moral
when the sexes are equal in point of numbers.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

CLEANING GOLD FROM PLArEs.-Concern,
ing this process, the Marysvie appeal has
the following:
The quartz mills at Browns Valley have
lately declared "pate dividend" is,
the superintendent Of their mills have given
their p-ates, used for catching gold, thor
ough cleaning, and The "mine" paid we'll
We believe the idea originated with Superin
tendent Howell. of the Donenboge, who
cleaned up some time ago about $500. The
Jefferson mill was next "cleaned," and $2,30O
obtained. Since then the Pennsylvania has
gone through "the MILL" bat we have not
learned how much was reaIized-probably
about the same as the Donenboge. This
operation of cleaning up will not be under
stood unless we particuarize. The plates are
taken up and run through cylinders, such as
in use by timers for the shaping Of tin.
This rounding of tie plate breaks up and
Ioosens the amagaln, (Which had become as
hard as solid metal.) and the gold is thus
obtained. This incrustaton on these plates
had become AS thick as ordinary card board.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

A Western paper relates the following
anecdote, and states that the scene occurred
at a hotel. The landlord said to the board
Ell: See here, Mr.. -, the chambermaid
found hair-pin in your bed this morning,
and it will not answer" "Welt" replied
the boarder, II found hair in the butter
this morning, but it did not prove you had
a woman in it," The two men looked at
each other for about ten seconds, when each
smiled and went his way, no doubt ponder
ing on the peculiarites Of circumstantiaf
evidence.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
pL,ACER HERALD.

.rpx1.y DEMOCRATIC JOURNAL. DEVOTED TO Pol--
,rrcs AND GENERAL INTEL'1GEN Nch' ~ robLlshhp
VERY SATURDAY, ON NEVADA STREET, AobohN'
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

>, s,hscrntion. ..... Sc 90
For O, three months, ........- ...''.''.'''' 'o
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

"GuEREILLA WHISKY The S. +. alta
says that the above name is given TO the viii
lanous liquor sold at the low groggeries Of
that city. 1t says:
This beverage if we may trust popular
reports, is distilled from coal oil, turpentine,
eoculas RdtcaS stramonium and oil OF vtriol,
and is a thousand times more deadly in its
effects than heart disease We are not fully
prepared to credit the statement of Police
Officer McCraith, that boy turned an ounce
vial Of this liquid out of a second story
window, and the fluid, falling on the head of
a Jamaica negro in the street below, caused
him to fall instantly dead, under the mpres,
sion that he had been struck by lightning;
but we are satisfied, nevertheless, that this
liquor, served up IN various colors and under
various names, has caused many deaths in
this community Of late, which have been
attributed wrongfully to violent diseases, or
"the visitation of God" as old time coroners
used to state it and that the alarming in
crease of insanity throughout the country is
in great measure attributable to the use of
horribly alu,eraed, or utterly bogus, aIco'
holic drinks The policemen tell us that
men are now seldom seen drunk" as of DID,
that they are brought to the Caaboose either
stupefied, and staring with fixed eyes and
rigid muscles, as if in fit, or wandering in
mind in such manner AS to make it very
often impossible to decide for some hours
whether to enter the word "drunk' or ''in-
sane" after the name of John Smith or J ohm
Doe on the Calaboose register Our own
observation, as we see the prisoners brought
in night after night, convinces us of this
fact, and inclines us to the impression that
the distinction between even a moderate
drnker and unatc is fast disappearing.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
spartan Marriages.

Many Of the laws of Lyeurgus, IN con
ncct.n with marriage, would undoubtedly
meet with the appreciation of the tar sex OF
modern times The time for marriage was
fixed by statute--that Of man at about
thirty or thrty-!ive years, that OF lady at
about twenty, or little younger, III men
who continued unmarried after the appointed
time. were liable to prosecutiA and all old
bacl elors were prohibited from being present
at the public exercises of the Spartan maids
ems, and were denied the usual respect and
honors paid to the aged. "Why should |
give YOU place, cried the young man to the
old unmarried gentleman, "when you have
no child to give place to me whsn am o'd!'
No marriage portions were given to any Of
the maidens, SO that neither poverty should
prevent a gallant, nor riches tempt him to
marry contrary to his inclinaions. The
parents of three children enjoyed consider.
able immunities, and those with four children
paid no taxes whatever. Every marriage
was preceded BY a betrothal, as in other
Greek cities, but tho marriage itself was
performed by the young Spartan carrying
of his bride by pretended abduction, and
for some time afterward the wife continued
to reside with her own family, and only met
her husband on stated occasions This eX.
traordinary way of spending the honeymoon
was first introduced by Lycurgus, to prevent
tho husband from wasting too much time
in his wtes company during the first year
of their marriage; and in order to economic
the brides charms, it was customary for her
bridesmaid to cut off her hair on the wed
ding day, so that for some time at least, her
personal attractions should increase with her
years.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18
RYT. g. c. n. MITCHELL.
TERMS

TERMS:
- o.,,o,,o in Gold and Silver Invariably in Ad-
i'' vance.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

from their coast, but they will rush to the
mountains; you may desoate their hills and
their valleys, but the spirit of the noble peo-
pie of that gallant State can never be snbiu
gated by the Whole earth combined. Eight
millions of ike men, for like we are, with
the same blood couFsing in our veins, and
spread over territory reaching from the Po
tomac to the Rio Grande, never, never can
be subjugatel by men of the same ki,h
and kin Not only human courage, but eli,
mate, soil, and a territory fortified bv swamp
and forest and malaria all forbid. Every
wood in Virginia is a fortress, Every swamp
in Carolina and Georgia is a line of crcum.
vaIatlon The vastness of the territory to
be subugated is its great defense. Marion
and Sumpter in the swamps Of South Caro>
lima kept at bay for months the finest infan
try Of England, under Lord Rawdon, and
the best cavalry in the world under Colonel
Iarleton.
Z. know that these truths are gnpaatable;
but it is quite time that they should be
preached to ourcountrymen, even il they do
not ike them. Strike but hear. They have
all been preached in the English tongue be
fore, and in another great civil war.
speak but the worls which our noble ances.
tors upon their side Of the ocean in the DAYS
OF the Revolution, when they said that three
millions Of Englishmeu in the American col
3nies Of Great Britain could never, never be
subjugated by the armed empire of England
Subjngatiou they pronounced to be utterly
impossible in l774-75, as ! pronounce it
now, in 1864 -Ne~arF (N.J) Journal.
The Placer herald., 1865-02-18

ATMOSPHERIC Observation-Disclosures living
upon mountains are found to have larger
lungs than those living in valleys. In the
city of Mexico, which is several thousand
feet above the level Of the sea, consumption
and pulmonary complaints are never found
unless taken there. The air being much
lighter and less dense on mountains than in
valleys, (the pressure OF the atmosphere at
the sea level being equal to fifteen pounds on
every square inch of the body,) the lungs of
all animals born in high attitudes are, in
consequence of the lossenod pressure upon
them, larger and better developed to meet
the requirements of their condition. 1t is
by The pressure of the atmosphere that flies
and other insects and even larger animals
are enabled TO walk up smooth surfaces.
Thus the fly has the power to form a vacuum
under its feet, and tho pressure of the att
mosphere on tho outside holds them to the
substance it ascends. The cat and the lion
are said to be endowed, to a limited extent
undoubtedly, with the same power,