Evansville daily journal. (Evansville, Ind.) 1863-1866, 1865-12-07

any cir cumstances our great extent of territory
and variety Of climate, producin 8 most every.
thing that 10 necessary fFthe wants, and efen
'ccmforts. OF nan, make us singuiarly independ-
emit Of tn varying policy Of foreign powers, and
protect us ag ain st every temptation to "entap-
Cling alliances" while at tRe pre- 'ent moment
the nment OF harmony ,and tbs strength
that Genes from harmony, will be our best cur
ity asnlnst "nations who feel power and forget
for mys.lfit has been and 1t viii be nv con-
slant aim TO promote peace and amity with ali
foreign nations aud P,wers; and I have every
reason to believe that they ALL without exception
ar animated by the same sposition. Our reIa-
lions With the Emperor Of hina, so recent in
their origin are most friendly. Our commerce
with his dominsons Is receiving new develop-
men'si and IL is very plf asaDt to fnd that the
Government of that great Empire NANTES Is satiy
faction with our policy, and reposes jut conf
deuce in the fairness which marks orr inter
course The unbroken harmony between the
United states and the emperor Russia /, recaiv.
ing support from an emit .rprise designed To
carry Geographic lines across the eonfinent 40
Asia, through his dominions, and SO TO connect
ua with ali Europa By new channd of inter.
course Eui5l@ tA it.s
our commerce with South America "a ah,nt n
receive encouragement by a direct line of.TnaiI
steamships to the rising empire of Brazil. The
distinguished party of men Of science who have
recently left our country to make scientific az :
| ploration Of the Datural history and rivers and
mountain ranges of that region, have received
| irom tine Emperor that generous welcome which
was TO have been expected from his constant
| fTieneRhip fer the Unitsd States and his we'll
known neal i'm promoting the advancement of
knowledge. -
l. "A hope is entertained that our commerca Min
the rich and populoas countries that border the
Med'terranean sea msy be largely Increased
Nothing viii be wanting, on the part Of this
oonethsnt, 20 extend the protection Of our flag
receive from the Powers in that region assnrsr
Ices of good will and il is worthy Of note tbat
special envoy mas brought as messages of condo
teuC9 daQth lafa ~
from the Bey of Tunis, whose rule iscludes fhe
old dominions Of Carthage on the African coat
our domestic contest, now happily erdsd, has
~ some traces IN our relations with one at least
OF the great maratime Powers The formal o.
NC or b1ilisesent ghts ID the ipsu4 gent
states was unprecedented, and has not been jnsti
ged by tine Issue But IN the systems of uentraI-
ity pursued by the Powers which made thai rnn-
etssion, there was marked difference The ma.
teriais OF war for the insu-g,nt States were far
nishe1, In great measure, from fhs v-o, tsbon.
of Great Britain and British shfos ranHs5 X,
British subjects and prepared for receiyiog RIFF.
ish ornaments, sailed from the ports 81 Graat
BIltain 70 make war on American commerce mn
der tne shelter Ct commission from the iasur-
gent States. 49, 4"eH'
These ships, having once escaped from British
ports, ever afterwards entered them in every mart
OF IN: world to rent, and SO to renew their den-
relations. Tie consequences of this condnct
were most disastrous to the States then in rsheI
hon, Increasing their desoIation and misery bv
the prolongRtien of our civil contest II hi
moreover the effect, to a great extent : d,;ra
fhe American nag from the Sc , and 10 transf.r
much OF our shipping and our comn,eTce 10 the
very power whose subjects had created the neses
Sly for such change. These eyeats tool 80
b'tore was C illei to the administration az the
Gov rpment. "a 'ue
The sincere desire for peace by which an,
actuated led me to approve tie proposal. alread1
made 10 submit the questions which had Tins
arisen between ths countries to arbitration The
questions are OF such moment that thew have
commanded the attention of the great Powers
and are so interviewer with the psace and infer,
ests OF every one Of them as to have insured an
Impartial decision. regres to ia.orm you that
Great Britain declined the arbitrament hat on
the other hand, invited Us to the formation ~ a
joint commission to settle m utuaI claims between
the two countries, from which those for the der
reaatloas ABOVE mentioned should be excluded,
Inc proposition In that very unsatisfactory form,
| has been decliAed. -'
The United Stats did not pres ant the subiaet AZ
an lmPeachment OF the good faith of a Power
which was protesting the most friendly disposi.
tions but as Involving questions Of public law.
OF which the settlement is essential to the peace
OF nations; and tn ugh pecunia'y repatriation
their Injured citizens would have followed inci
dsutally on decision against Great Britain sncb
compensation was not their primary object Ths%
hsd higher motive. AID IL s=as in the interests
., peace Ano Justice TO abish important princi-
pies Of international law.
The correspondence will be plsead l.asors var,
Tbs ground ON which the British Minister rests
his justification is, substantially that the ,nn,i
opal Jaw OF nation, and the domestic interpre-
Nations OF that law, are the measure of its du ~ a.
neutral; and.I feel bound o declare NV oninion-
before you ana before the world, that that lust f
cation cannot Re sustained before the tribunal OF
nations At the same time do not ad wise to any
present attempt at redress by acte of legislation
For the future, rieadship between the Two conn.
tries must rest on the basis Of mutual justice.
Fro@ the moment of the estAbiishment of onr
| free Constitution, the civilized word has been
convulsed by revolutions in the interests of demo-
cracy or OF monarchy; but through all those rev.
oI1t1cns the United states have wisely aid firmly
DpCOma r. 1f-
IL Is the only governm suts 10 our condition
but we have never sought to Impose Il on otbera !.
and we have consistently followed the advice OF
Washington, to recommend it only By the car ful
preservation and prudent use of the blesaIfg
During all the intervening period. 4he poll.
cy OF Eurcpea powers and # the United
States has, ON the who'll, been harmopi-
Gus. twice. indeed, r0mors of the inya.
| sion OF some parts of America, In the
interests Of monarchy, have prevailed; twice nv
predecessors have had occasion to announce the
views Of this pati N In respect to euch inter.
ference. On both occasions the remonstrapce OF
the United States was respected, from deem con.
vction, on the part Of European Governments.
that the system Of observation-disclosures and mutual
| abstinence from proPagandtm was the true rule
| for the two hemispherss. Since those times we
have advanced in wealth aud power; but we re-
tain the same purpose to lave the nations of Fu.
rope to choose their own dynasties and form their
| own systems of government.
This consistent moderation may Justly demand
q corresponding moderation. We should re0ard
good government, and TO the peace of the world
should any European Power challenge the Amer
lean people "a 1t were, to the defense republic
aniEm against foreign interference We cannot
foresee and are unwilling to consider what on
| portunities might present Themselves what
combinations might offer, to protect ourselves
! against designs inimical to our form of govern
ment. The United States desire 10 act 10 The
future as they have ever acted heretofore: thar
never will be driven from that eourse but by the
aggression OF Enropean Powers; and we reiy on
the wisdom and Justice of those Powers to reSnecf
the system OF n-ini difference which has so long
been sanctionei by time, and which, by its good
results, has approved ttse ITO both continents
| The correspondence between the United states
| and France, in reference to questions which hav,
become sat scts of diScussion between the two
1 Governments, will, at q proper time, be laid
/ before Congress.
When. on tns organization Of our Government.
under the Constitution, the President of me
United States delivered his inaugural address to
/ the two Houses of Congress, he said to them and
| through them TO the country aud mankind that
'the preservation of the sacred fire of liberty and
| the destiny of the ret ublican model of govern
l ment are justly considered deeply, perhaps a.
finally staked on the Experiment intrusted to the
| American people" And thu House of Ranre
seutatiyes answered Washington by the voice of
Madison: "Me adore the invisible hand which
| has LED the American people. through so many
difficulties, to cherish conscious res 3onsibility
for the destiny ef republican liberty'' More
4 tran seventy-six years lave gIidsd away since
these words were spoken; the uniied states have
passed through seyerer triss than were forssssn
/ and now, at this epoch in oar existence as one
nation, with our Union purified by sorrows, and
strengthened by conflict, and established BY the
virtue Of the people, the atness of the occasion
| invites rs once more to repeat, with solemnfty
the pledges Of our fathers to hold themselves an
swerable before our fellow men for the success Of
| the republican form of government. Experience
has proven its sufficiency in peace aud in war; 1t
has vindicated its authority through dangers and
i afiictiongs and sudden aud terrible emergencies
| which would have crushed any system that had
been less firmly fixed In the hearts of the people,
At the Inauguration Of Washington the foreigu
relations Of the country were Jew, and it's trade
was repressed by hostile regulations; now ali the
civilized nations Of the Globe welcome our com.
merce, and their Governments profess toward us
amity. Then our country felt its way ssf-
tatingly along untrisd path with States so lit
tie bound together by rapid means of coumuni-
cation as to be hardly known to one another, and
with historic traditions extending oser VERY
few years; now intercourse between the States
is swift and intimate the experience of centu-
ries has been crowded into a few generations,
and has created aintenss, indestruesibls nation.
atty. 20
Thsn our jurisdi,tion did not reach beyond the
inconvenient boundaries of the territory which
had achieved independence; now, through ses-
sions OF lands, first eolOnized BY Spain and France
the country has acquired more complex charac-
ter, and has for its natural limits the chain of
Lakes, the Gulf Of Mexico and on the east and
the west the two great oceans.
Other rations were wasted by cfsil wars for ages
before they could establish for themselves the
necessary degree Of unity; the latent conviction
that our f0rm of Government is the best ever
known to the world, has enabled us to emerge
from civil war within four years, with complete
vindcation Of the constitutional authority Of the
General Government and with our loo Al Liberties
and State Institutions unimpairsd. The throngsf
Of emigrants that crowd to shores are w.t.
nssses Of the condence Of all peoples in our per-
mRlence. Here is the great land of free labor
where industry Is blessed with unexampIed re.
wards, and the bread of the workingman Is sweet.
ened by the consciousness that the cause of the
country ia his own cause, his OWL sefsty, his own
dignity. Here eve one enjoys the free use of his
faculties and the choics Of activity as q natural
right. Here, under the combined influence OF a
frnitfnl soil. ganial cliInaa