The New York herald., 1865-03-03

10th Of February arrived this port early yesterday
n0rnfng. Her news and newspaper nles have been
folly anticipated by the New York and Moravian
Our European ales by the koravan reached this city
from Portland yesterday evening. The papers contain
interesting details OF the telegraphic report pub
hshed In the HERALD yesterday morning
The Calcutta IT, L) Prices Current Of January reports
the freight market dull An English vessel had been
chartered New York S2 Ios payable in gold Ame-
tonnage The exchange market ruled very steady
during fortnight Trade considerably Interrupted
by the Christmas and New Year holidays The Bank Of
Bengal raised its rates two per cent the 5h January
The French Legislature.
NAPoLEoNS SPEECH AT THE OPENING OF THE
SESSION.
The French Chambers were opened at one O'Clock on
February Is by the Emperor who delivered the following
speech
NEssIErRs LES SENArEURs, MBssIEuRs DEPuTEs-
At the time OF our last meeting hoped TO removed
BY congress the difficulties which threatened the
OF Europe pat tnis has mol taken place regret u BE-
cause the sw9rd olta cuts qesuns uthoM settling fhe
and the only basis OF durable peace is the satisfaction
given by the agreement of soveregns to the true inter-
In presence OF the conflict which has arisen upon the
shores OF the Baltic, my government, divided between
Its sympatnies for Denmark and its goodwill towards
Germany has observed the str ctes neutrality Called
70 conference 10 express It's opinion confined itself 10
supporting the principle OF natonalities and the rg Of
f'opua T. ms b te nsltsd gfon heir defny Our Ian
guage harmonizng with the reserved attitude which
intended to preserve, moderate and friendly towards
both parties.
In the south OF Europe the action Of France able
to itself resolutey wished TO render pos
sibe the solution OF difficult problem. The convcn-
ton of september 5 disengaged from passionate inter-
pretaons, consecrates two great princpleshe estab
hshmen of the new kingdom of Italy and the indepen
dence of the Holy See The provisional and precarous
state of things whi aroused much alarm is about to
disappear The scattered members OF the Italian father
land longer seek attach themselves by feeble
a le
great country, which, rising above local preju
dies and despsng unrehectng excitement, boldly trans
ports its capital to the heart of the peninsula and
places II in the midst OF the Apennines in inaces
sbie citadel BY this act of patriotism Italy definitely
constitutes herself, and te oaaes at The time
cced 10 Cat oicty II itself both respect
the independence OF the Holy See and protect the
frontiers oi the roman states, thus Knitting US TO
withdraw our troops The Pontifcal territory, elica-
ciously guaranteed finds itself placed under the protec
tion Of treaty which soemnly binds the two govern
ments. The convention therefore, IS not weapon Of
war, but work OF peace and concliaton
In Mexico the throne is becoming consolidated,
the country Is being pacded its immense
developing These the happy effects Of the va!or Of
soldiers, Of the good Of the Mexican popula
hon Of the intelligence and the energy OF the sovereign
In Japan navy, joined with those Of England, Ho
iaad and the United States, has given new proof Of
what IL is able TO accomplish.
Asudden insurrecton has occurred in Africa TO trouble
the sec ury OF our possessions and show how ignorant
some Of the native tribes still Of power and
benevolent intentions II took place time when,
spirit of generous justice France secured the property
IN the soil to the Arab population when by liberal
sures tried 10 make this mistaken people understand
that far from depressing Them wished call them
10 the benefits OF civilization. AT this me repeat led
Atray by religious fanatcism, the Arabs the
desert raised tbe standard OF revolt Notwithsandng
the difficulties o the country and the gor OF the season.
army, skifuy led, speedily subdued the nsurrcc-
uon and after the conflict no sangunary repression
useless severity has saddened victory. Everything,
hope leads TO the belief that the recurrence Of similar
disorders will be avoided
All expeditions thus approaching their close.
Our land forces have evacuated China the navy is sui
cient to maintain establishments Cochin China
African army about to be reduced that of Mexico is
already returning to France the garrison OF Rome will
return, and, closing the temple Of war; We may
proudly inscribe upon new tnumpha Al, b the words
ITO the glory Of the French armies, for victories gained
N Europe, Asia, Africa and America =
Let prosecute without dsquietude the labors Of
peace The interval between the sessions Is employed In
seeking the means to augment the moral and material
well being Of the people, and every useful and true idea
Is sure TO be received by me and adopted by you.
Let u.s. them examine together the measures proper to
the prosperity OF the empire. Religion and pub.
Nc instruction the objects Of my constant solctude
All creeds enjoy equal liberty and the Catholic clergy
exercises without the bounds of its ministry legt
mate influence. Under the law on education il has
part In the education Of youth. Under the electoral law
Il the public councils and by the constitution
1t sits in the Senate But the more surround 1t with
consdeat and Difference the more depend that II
will respect the fundamental laws of the State 1t is my
duty 70 MAINTAIN intact the rights OF the civil power,
which from the tine Of St Louis, have never been
abandoned by any sovereign In France.
The development Of public instruction merits your
soictude. In the country OF universal suffrage every
citizen should be able read and wne. A bill will be
presented to you for the still greater extension of pr
mary instruction.
endeavor every year to diminish the obstacles which
have long opposed themselves in France to the
expansion OF individual initiative. by the law upon
coalitions voted last year. those who work. those who
employ have learned settle their differences without
reasoning upon the Intervention Of the government
powerless regulate the variable connection between
supply and demand AT present fresh projects will have
the object Of leaving greater liberty u commercial
Citations and freeing the administration from RESPONSE
biity always llusory have IL at heart To destroy all
the obstacles which opposed the creation OF sostes
destined TO ameioratc the condition OF the working
classes. In pronishing the establishment Of these
cietes without abandoning the guarantees for public Sc
curity we shall facilitate useful experiment The
Council OF State has studied with care law tending 10
give greater powers TO the municipal councils aud
councils general.
The eommunes and the DEPARTMENTS will thus be
called upon TO transact their affairs which, decided
upon the spot, win be more promptly settled This
form will complete the arrangements made to simplify
or suppress minute regulations which unnecessarily
plicated the wheels OF the administration.
The commercial liberty inaugurated by the treaty with
England Ia extended TO our relations with Germany,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom OF Norway and
Sweden. The same principles should naturally apply to
commercial navigation; and a law Is being prepared for
establishing upon the that competition which alone
stimulates progress The rapid completion Of rail-
ways canals and roads is the necessary complement Of
the improvements which have been commenced We
shall this year accomplish a portion of our task by
stimulating private enterprise, by appropriating
y lIs Object The OF the State without oompfo
ins the good economy or finances, and without
4 t.fg recourse 10 credit The IN ility Of communca
oa ia tie interior with the exterior promotes
- t't itnuhiea iDanstry ana prevents tue 700 BreaL
Il q abundanc o products, the effects Of which are
. eraatey hurtfal cttef TO the the pro.
o. - The more mercantile marine IL extended the
gNtet VII b. the facility Of transport tie less
@th re- be 70 complain OF those abrupt changes In the
pirc o. articles ~ the necessity Thus we shall be
SDo 70 meet the partial Inconvenience suffered by agi.
ture foine attribute the muineniarY enieing 70 tie
sAppression = The 81 ding sslc they orse that "a 1851
when was "a "k ene te Depreciation n tie price OF
cereals s ia more considerable and that this ycf year
the export Of wheat far exceeds tho import II is on
the coUtriry due 70 liberal le@isaan-o the IMPULSE
given 10 Al the elements oi national wcath-that our
foreign cOnmerce, which amounted IA to two mil
Aards six hundred and fourteen million francs has now
the prOdigou sum OF upwards III seven miards
New bills will be laid before yDu another III c-n
with the object ~ increasing the gafanics ~ dVldaal
ibcrtythc rt authorizing the provisional lease with
without bail In criminal cises, The scoaa sup.
pressing personal arrest IN evil aud commercial ms
tersan Innovation, however, nothing but thc
avery ancient principle From tac tan ages q
Rome II had been dct rmned thai the pryerty aud not
bhe rson, the debtor responsible itr tue debt
Let Therefore continue follow the cburse marked
out Let Us live abroad peace with the duerent Pow
SIS and et w not the 0i fnncc 10 DC hesru
cave for law aud Justice homo i pfotetS religious