Civilian & telegraph. [volume] (Cumberland, Md.) 1859-1875, 1865-07-27
Misfella us.
The Political Movements in the New
World,

From Labrador to Patagonia, the American
continent is active beyond precedent in soca
changes. Some concern the form, others the
essence OF goverftf,,ent. Some relate to boun.
daries and the freedom Of great rivers. There
are questions of labor, of foreign and domestic
policy Of independence and confederation, OF
religion, and of races. In the general broil
enter empcro.s, dictators, insurrcctionists,
priests, and peoples.
Beginning at the south, we witness q war
between Brazil, the Bnnde Oricutale, and the
Argentine Republic, on the one band and
Paraguay on the other The only novelty in
this qunrtelsis the combination of parties -
The stake, which does not appear upon the
surface, is the control of the Plate river, and
the consequent supremacy Of the Hispano or
Observation-Disclosures There are besides in
ternal revolutions; which the war may tempo
rarily suspend but will not smoother Such
in Brazil is the tendency toward the abolition
OF negro slavery, involving the overthrow of
landed aristocracy possessed of immense do
mains, and the cultivation of cereals to an ex-
tent sufficient to render the country sclf-sus-
tanning. When grain shall have thus far en-
croached upon the topical products of slave
labor. Brazil will be independent. of Urilsuay.
will have less reason to covet her territory
and will retain the colonists whom she now
forces to seek susten nee and prosperity in the
neighborhood of the little republic Neither
the Argentine Republic nor Paraguay is a
government OF the people, in strict sense.
but each is controlled by a single man, though
with democratic show. The former is almost
wholly subjected to one Of its Constituent pro-
vinccs, Buenus Ayfes, and there is discerni-
Bile in the future a conflict for tel aration or
complete subordnatiou
Next m order. or disorder, is Bolivia,
where a self elected President has been deto-
sed by popular movement; PERI, which is
divided between two partics-the authorities,
who are acciSed Of misconduct in their nego-
tiation With Spain. and a profeaselly patriotic
body Of insurgents, who have made some
headway; and finally Ecuador. where an ex-
President leads sudden attempt against
government whose olFence is conservatism.-
Chill and the states to the north of those men
toned are OF present tranquil, having bad their
epochs of commotion and bloodshed. but are |
sot on that accodnt secure from repetition |
Of them while the circumj jacent lands are |
heaving as if with volcanic throes. II is i'm
possible to predict the defnitiye results Of all |
these dissentions, but the drift Seems pretty |
clearly toward higher application Of .he re-
Publican principle, and a broader recognition
Of the rights of man. Certain problems,
which are n IRE than matter for curious specu-
lation, are being solved among the mountains
and upon the plains of South America whe-
ther, for example; the Monroe Doctrine finds
its justification in law Of nature, forbidding |
20 thrive in this hemisphere; and |
whether the mercnrial temper Of CASTLE is
capable Of the self-imposed restraints Of con-
,titutional government.
Still coming north, we hear Of rising in
Panama, insignificant, perhaps. but in keep
ng with what we have observed elsewhere
Mexico is the empire ofa year, but an empire
which has not meant "peace." and is not like
y to mean it-any more than his whose bay