New-York daily tribune., 1865-09-30
RESTORATION.
The PrevsiIina Sentiment Of South Car.
sliwa-Embcrs Of the Old Feud-Tho
Plaster as Opposed TO the Freedmen
Why Restoration Should be Slow end
Aure.
LETTER TO A PRIEND.


and NEGRO suffrage The word reconstruct is an ad'
mission Of the fact Of destruction ard the necessity of
rebuilding again. Quietly at home forming theories
and combating everything which seems to oppose them
a one thing vet mngliDg in the of events and
finding thar its rapid current bears down all theories
however well dgcsted and many conclusions however
logically drawn is quite another. adhered to the
theory once State always o State; that portion
Of its people. however traitorous numerous
could take a State out of the Union; that
some of its functions might be held in
sbsyance. still, when the treason should be
overcome and traitors subduod it would be restored
to all its rights consequently, during the war frequent
appeals made 10 the Rebels to throw down their
declare their allegiance and send Senators
and Representatives to Congress. II that theory was
night, the course is plain and quick Of solution
The Rebels have thrown down their arms, taken the
oath allegiance and ask that the State may as
charge all its duties in the Union, ana 'he pe0pie W
remanded to all the rights Of citizens und'r 'c Con
sttuton That is the logical consequence oi inc ueos'
giving to South Carolina TO- day the same right TO eNer
else all the duties Of a State as New'lork' anu "''
citizens who have taken the oath OF allegiance ue sne
privileges; yet she has not. and properly So
III the theory is correct, there is nothing 10 recon-
ssuct II thus not been out Of the Union, II needs no
reconstruction TO get II In.
II Is rather amatter of restoration The people OF the
question is how and when they shall be restored Fol-
lowing a theory led John C. Calhoun 70 nullincsion
and the Southern people to secession There = 10 more
yAr; the authority Of the General Government Is not
openly defed there is all over the South SD every
where In it, rebellion IN sentiment but nci II resist
snce no Rebel hag floats and no s1ns A-e pointed al
rs The people here do not love the old stars mid
stripes and this generation never will but they say they
are oyerpowered and prepared TO live under It; Al all
events they have withdrawn their own banner rom The
sight O, the world although they may continue TO wor-
ship It, did the early Christians some relic OF Tic
holy City Now if the theory right, our armies should
be withdraw and people OF each State Immediately
allowed elect their Legislature, Senators ana
REPRESENTATIVES, in Congress- and be restored to all the
rights Of States This is not, and ought not to be al
lowed All the Southern States to-day not practically,
only theoretically. in the Union They are told they
must call Conventions adopt new Constitutions ana
not meetf,r the appubaion Of the Government, Sena
tors and Representatives will be admitted, and none
of the rights Of States exercised and they have no voice
IN the councils OF the Nation.
Thus far the States formerly in rebellion have been
teatel Territories; they could have not been treated
any other way-caed States without exercising any Of
the attributes. The loyal citizens, the very few who
remained and the many who claim TO be by taking the
sath are not allowed to elect Governor One Is ap-
pointed by the President, and the first franchise TO be
exercised is HAT granted 10 the people Of territory
when seeking admission in'o the Union, TO elect dele
gates 20 State Convenfol.
1t matters not what Ie theory whether
States Territories divided such is adopted
and ooHf brrng until the end is accomplished.
Each State is rug ling for speedy restoration
Suppose South Carona adopts Constitution abolisln.
Slavery, Senators and Representatives elected and
admitted. Yol.will say she is then In the Union; oui
armies are Withdrawn. The future, think, will show ii
nearly all the Southern States that people has
legislation cruel conduct will attempt to make tn
condition Of the coorcd more miserable in freedoi
than II In slavery. You may think this strange, bu
II will be so. You do not understand the spirit Of hi
people; many who guiding public sentiment in u
North do not. In a NEw-YORK TRIBUNE saw oil ed
tofal which stated in all the States in rebel
bon majority Of the people approve ed the emanc patio
o: Slaves. That IS q e1eat mistake; there is probabl
not more than one State where majority OF its pcopi
think 80. and those who do will be able Obtain
such laws and treatment Of the freedmen ) will secur
them in the enjoyment Of their rights. Nothing Il
gained; In fact, everything put In Jeopardy by assuming
believing things TO be, which have existence II
fact Our people at home, during the war, in ser
error, believing that there large Union sent
nent in the South In the Cotton States after the s
gun fred in Sumter, there none You re-
member always insisted, better satisfied Of #
to-day; there ;len there is but little now.
Newspapers then claimed that In captured cities ,hc
cid flag would be hailed with enthusiasm and The
presence Of the Union army all that necessary
give the people opportunity express their deyo
cause was injured and delayed thereby. So now IL will
be fatal mistake If 1t is believed hat any fair proper.
son Of tie Southern people approve OF emancipation
add will heartily carry IL oat believe that the freed.
in South Carolina arc treated as w4 as orbctter
than those Of other Cotton States. yet DO know by
travelling through the whole State from the the
mountains mngling with the people in the discharge
Of NY duty. that what have stated above is true
The people In the South nowhere disposed TO open
resistance. portion Of item vel disposed. desire
everything 70 60 smoothly, willing TO accept the
order Of .tAngs 1Zed conclusion Of tie war
and DO all that is required, that the military may be
Withdrawn and the State put under the control OF their
own people. They believe the negro ia Of account,
uat he ought to be made free that he will
work except under the lash. Ia fine, that freedom sl
prove curse. while Inclined to do all the outward
duties Of citizens most Of them at heart Secession
lists. We cannot expect them in a day 10 give up all
te hopes and attachments they gathered round Re
bellion, to forge, Ae bac-felds Of four years contest
tse and brothers sain for nearly every house here
has been Of mourning. We cannot expect them
love US, the country and its laws for high as
once their hopes low do they feel t!er de.
feat cherished vas the institution Of Slavery and
she embryo Coniedercy, bitter, and somctnos IN.
disguised their sentiments Of hatred toward Us and
the Union.
There another class who would prefer 70 see the
little left TO the South destroyed rather than have re.
cognized the authority Of the United States They are
a. yet comparatively quiet. They will make disturb.
sIoe until they do 50 with safety to themselves;
ey prefer wait until the soldiers removed. They
are usually the men who have not been IN the front OF
battle, who have been detailed nom the anay IN The
reserye militia service, at home, urging others
20. This class has not yet recovered from he stunning
effect OF the surrender they contemplated the
possibility Of defeat The most loyal men here to day
are thoe vho'haye fouelt the longest and bravest
Nearly every man in tie South believes the negro