The New York herald., 1865-06-01

ants proposed defrsud the government One OF the
leading tobacco frms Of Chicago II d also stated Is
entangied tho claims and penalties attending
Q similar attempt.
Tho stock market dull and heavy yesterday at the
opening but Arm at tho Close Governments were
fraction lowcr Gold opened at l36H, and At 30 p
stood at 1871 1917 was the night closing price.
The commercial situation remained substantially tho
same yesterday as it tho day BEFORE The markets
wers unusually quiet--aimost much 30 as on satur-
days-owng TO the fact that to-day a holiday There
was some activity articles because OF the fact
that II was the last day OF the month Cotton and
petroleum were duh and heavy Groceries wore quiet.
On Change -four was lower; grain scarce and
higher; pork excited and 81 per bbl higher; lard
quiet; whiskey steady. There will be no
Change to-day, and business places viii be closed
The Chass-sumner Political Movement
Social War Threatened.
The real purpose of Chief Justice Chases
letter to his friends in the West, urging the
organization Of . new party, and the object of
his mission South, are daily becoming more
apparent The more the mystery is unravelled
the more manifest the mischief which his
schemes will produce. The assertion in his
speech to the negroes Of Charleston that he
was no longer in the councils of the admins
tration might, without supporting evidence,
have been passed over as mere flourish Of
words. But, unfortunately for the Chief JUS
tice, he has left us no opportunity to place that
tenor Of his speech was that Of q flrebrand gra-
tuitously thrown into . difficult and compli-
Gated question. As bold as 1t appeared at the
time, accommodating evidence proves It to have
been made after due deliberation and not at
random, without sorethought It seems that
his combinations were made before he left,
and his tour through the canebrakes, cotton
and rice fields Of the South was only part Of
grand scheme for the promulgation Of ideas
which he and his associates imagined would
place him in the Presidential chair at the close
of Mr.. Johnson's term. With that one idea,
prompted solely by an inordinate ambition, he
sets himself up in opposition to the govern
.ment, and promulgates theories and dogmas
which, If followed up in the same spirit, will
plunge the whole Southern country into
social war more dreadful in its results than
the rebellion which has 80 suddenly collapsed.
Nor is the Chief Justice the only public man
engaged in this mischievous work. Senator
Sumner, who in his public career has given un-
mistakable proof that he was the possessor of
but one idea, has, boldly entered upon like
crusade, and arrayed himself against the Presi-
dent, evidently acting with an understanding
with Mr.. Chase. As soon as Mr.. johnson as
sumed the reins Of the government, Mr.. Sumner
made an. effort to control his official action and
secure his assistance in carrying on this appen-
dix warfare to the abolition question: and thus
plunge the country into sanguinary social
war. Finding it impossible to draw President
johnson into his schemes, he at once plants
himself in opposition. A letter was cooked up,
purporting TO come from colored men in North
Carolina, addressed to Senator Sumner, which
ensbled him to place himself on record and
lay the foundation for an an anti-administratiorn
movement. To this Mr.. Sumner replied in the
following style, under date of
WASHINGTON, May 13 1855
GEyrlENEN-I am glad that the citizens of North Caro-.
lima ready take part in the organization Of govern.
meM II is unquestionaby their right and duty
see Little chance OF peace and tranquility In any rebel
State unless tho rights Of all recognized without dis
tinction Of color On this foundation must build.
structon TO which yeu call my attention on the
idea Of slavery that persons with white skin are the
only ''citizens." This is mistake.
As you do the honor TO ask the proper stand for
you to make have hesitation In replying that you
must insia all the right, aud prvtleges d citizen They
Ssog Ss S are ysr aid a"s "s
or course you will take part in any primary meeting
for political organization, open 10 citizens generally and
will not miss any opportunity 10 show your loyalty and
fidelity.
Accept my bes. wishes, and believe me, gentlemen,
faithfully yours, CHARLES SUMNER.
This letter, although Short is explicit and
unmistakable in its meaning. It's purpose is
evident to the most casual observer Knowing,
as he must at the time, that the President held
that the question Of comforting the privilege of
suffrage upon the colored people of the South
rested exclusively with the States, he endeavors
to stir up feud and create dissatisfaction
among this class. Like the speech of Chief
Justice Chase, its whole tendency is to incite
the negroes to insurrection by giving them the
impression that the government is against them.
There is not word in the communication
counselling obedience or respect to the laws Of
the government. They ask him for direction,
and he, in response, counsels them to take part
in the organization Of the government; that IL
is their right and duty. In the face of the fact
that there is no law in their State or in the
constitution Of the United States recognizing
that right, be tells them that those who oppose
them are usurpers and impost0rs-thus giving
the negroes the cue to engage in riots and in
surrectlons in the face and teeth of the law,
as well as counciling opposition to the admins
traton, What eIse csp such teaching lead to
but bloody social war between the races in
the South
Suppose, for instance, that Mr.. Sumner should
advise the colored people Of the State Of New
York-who are excluded from the right Of suf
frage by the property clause in our State con-
stitution-that they had the right to vote the
same as all others, who could for moment
-