The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1865-10-06

in in the order named. ,0.s
On the second heat Frank won in ESQ, Co
liah following close. The Others distaneed. .
1t being now train time, we were compelled
to withdraw, before the Sd heat was con-
cluded. 'fa . r-.. a1lsgb
der, $50 and $40 purses the following entries
were made: -t..... sa!a.
Gen. Sherman, by W. B. Langley.
Belle, by D. Hopkins. T.
Stallion, by D. B. Mitchell.
Cream Gelding, by r. st. German. 7c-
THIRD DAYS 70 5-i|
From the Daily Pioneer of Saturday. .oE
The third day of the State Fair yesterday
was more pleasant in point of weather, than
either of the previous ones. The dust and
heat had disappeared before the fine rains of
the evening previous. Some parts of the
grounds were sloppy for time, but the sun
and wind soon dried them up. ri ..sl.~ .
yFg. THE CROWD -e rearea M
In attendance was somewhat less than the day
previous. The best computations Of the mum.
Der yesterday range from 5000 to 5000.
MIR. GREELEH,s ADDRESS.
Mr.. Greeleys address, as he had promised
on Thursday to utter some bold truths, was
looked for with much interest. As the wind
was blowing very bard, q temporary stand was
made ont of table, placed on the south side
of Floral Hall, in somewhat sheltered place.
On the edge Of the, table our reporter man
aged to get sort of o seat, and using his
knee for desk, jot down the pithy remarks
of MIR. Greeley. He commenced by aunounc-
ing his topic as aE .o-a9sS l-s a.a5"
THE PROGRESS. or AGRICULTURE. ey
He referred to the struggle for food and its
irregular supply among barbarous people, and
to the great advance in modern days in the
abundance and cheapness OF supply to all. The
rude plows of olden days, a crooked stick
merely scratching the ground-and even the
clumsy plows of his earlier days--were spec-
mems of the difficulty the people labored under
in raising their food. Now we have splendid
plows of steel; yet we have not near reached
the end of improvement in this respect
The Valley of the Mississippi has taught
men to raise the most food with the least la
Dor. Its system ofagriculture is far ahead Gin
this respecD of any the world has before
known. 1t Is part a result of ingenuity and
part of necessity. Thus the farmers in the ex.
tensive corn fields of the West, have abandoned
hoeing corn. In Europe it is heaped into hills
and cultivated closely but we Americans have
learned from the Indian squaw that heaping
was unnecessary.
PEAT FOR FUEI-
Mr. Greeley next touched on the Fuel ques-
ton. This vast region, he said, was poorly
timbered. Timber seems to grow here poorly
and only poor sorts grow. You can get no
fuel SO cheaply, nor half SO well and 80 plenty,
as from peat boys. One man, with O spade,
can cut five cords in less time than he can two
of wood. In Boston they have machine for
COMPRISING this peat. Perhaps some of you
may improve on that machine. Atleast try to
secure some peat this foil. In the week or ten
days that intervenes between your fall plow-
ing and winter. dig fifteen or twenty cords. 1t
viii dry 10 your sharp dry winds. Millions of
acres in New England formerly valueless, are
now among the most valuable on account of
the peat boys. Within three miles of here
there are quantities of it. Perhaps half of
farms. 1t has been preparing there for 10, 900
years. Come say you have coal in this State
others not but if you have peat bogs, it makes
no difference whether you have coal or not.
GMr. Greeley here showed spade for cutting
peat and some specimens of peat which were
on exhibition in the Fair. We hope his advice
will be followed. This paper has urged our
poor people, for two years past, to cut and
prepare peat. Why nos supply yourselves with
cheap fuel for next winter
STEAM A. AID TO AGRIcuLrUKx
Mr.. Greeley then spoke OF steam power in
agriculture. We are clothed by its aid--why
not be fed9 II has just begun to help agrlcul-
tufe, and there ia no reason why q farmer
should not have locomotive engine to do his
drudgery.
He had been asked innumerable times, ''can't
you find me work 10 the city 2" He had always
replied, "you had better 60 10 farming But
can't am in poor health" That's the
very reason why say go to the country Yet
there Is reason in their excuse. Many men
really have not the strength necessary for farm
labor. But say that farm labor ought not to
require such an outlay of strength, and the
time Is coming when It will nOt--but when
agriculture will be really an intellectual labor,
merely supervising and directing the opera
tions of machinery And why not? Formerly
to NOV was q breaking operation at an
acre per day. To cut grass man now merely
mounts carriage, and drives along. moving
an acre per hour. That's foretaste of what
It will be when steam is made TO do all our az
Yicultural drudgery.
STEAM FLOW NEEDED
Steam machinery Tor farmers will be the
means of settling our vast Western prairies.
10 England they are used probably where la
Dor is only fifty c-uts per day Yet they can't
plOw more than bait a mile IN any direction
there Here you can pillow all day in one
direction before you reach the end of the fur
row. Laughter.
We need q steam plow that viii ool only
turn over the surface, bat puive,ise the soil to
the depth OF three feet-one that two men can
manage. II is the great demand OF the west
II we had steam plows that would plough a
strip from to Is feet In width, with a roller
following TO smooth The soil. two or three men
might break up and plant 20 acres of new land
IN one day. and 60 on TO another 20 the next
dayI iApplause. Il Is the ability to harvest
Q crop in the right time that makes mschinery
valuable. The English farmers can afford TO
use them il twice as costly, for this reasou.
taking advantage of fair day or two.