The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1865-12-21

am induced 10 cherish the belief that per |
sonal luminosity Is surely and rapidly merg- |
ing itself into a spirit 81 nationality, and |
that representatiOn, eonnected with prop
erly ed listed system q taxation, viii Iesn / |
II harmonious resto alton OF the relation !
Of the Stales 70 The National Union.
The report Of Carl Shurz is herewith /
transmitjed, Is requested by the Seuats
No report from the Hon. John Covode has
been received by the President. -
The attention Of the Senate is invited to /
the accompanying report Of Lieut.. General
Grant, who recently made tour of inspec-
ton through several Of the States whose in
habitants partlci pated IN the rebellion.
ANDREW JOHNSON, President.
WAsHISGT0S, Dec. Is, 1868.
GRAMS REPORT.
HEADQUARTERs ARMY U. g..
December Is, 1865.
To he EEeelleS"Y, Andrew johnson, President Of
the United s1iss.
sIR:-In reply TO your note Of the 10Th
inst, requesting a report from me giving
such informal on as ! may be POSSESSED o.
coming within the scope Of the Inquiries
made by the Senate Of the United States in
their resolutions Of the 18th inst, have the
houor TO submit the following, with y0ur
approval and also that Of the Honorable
the Secretary Of War
left Washington on the 27th Of last
month for the purpose Of making a tour Of
inspection throughout some Of the Southern
/ Stares lately IN rebellicn, aud TO zee what
changes were necessary in the disposition Of
the military forces OF the country how
these forces could be reduced, expenses cur
tailed, etc, and 10 learn, as lar IS possible,
be feelings aud intentions Of The eli zens Of
these States toward the General GOverR-
ment. The State Of Virginia being 80 &C
cessible TO Washington City snd iniorma-
I ton from this quarter therefore being Teadi-
| ly obtained, 7 fastened through the State
without converting or meeting with its citi-
gems. Raleigh. North Carolins, speat one
I day, Ia CHARLESTON, South Carolina, two
DAYS, and IN savannah and Augusta, GQor-
/ gis, each one dsy. Both in leaving and
whilst stopping ! saw much and c0nyersed
] freely with the citizens OF those States, as
| well Is with officers OF the army who have
been stationed among them.
The following are the conclusions come 20
| by me sn satisfied that The mass Of
/ thinking men Of the south Hccept the pres
ent stustion Of affairs ia good fsith. The
| questions which have hitherto divided the
| sentiments Of the people Of the tRo sections
are slavery aud state rights, or the right of
a State 10 secede fsom the Union Tn they
| regard as having been settled forever by the
| highest tribunai that man can resort 20.
I was pleased to learn from the leading
men whom / met that they net only accepl-
ed the decision arrived at as final, but, now
| the smoke Of battle has cleared away, aud
time has been given for reflection, that this
| decision hiss been fortunate one for the
whole country, they receiving like ben
eft from il with those who opposed them
in the field and in thecouncil. Fours years
Of war, during which law was executed
only a. the point Of the bayonet thr ughOut
IL q 1. IA. l. I'D 49, l.
| possibly, in a condition not to yield that
ready obedience 70 civil authority the
American people have generally been III
the habit Of yielding. THIS would render
the presence Of small garTisons throughout
those States Necessary, until such tune IS
lsbOr returns 10 its proper channel, and
civil suthority is fully established. The
whites and the blacks mutually require
1.-THE protection OF the general Government.
| There is such universal acquescence IN tho
authority Of the General Government
throughout the portions Of the country
visited By me, that the merest presence
Of q military force, without regard 10
number, is sufhciHt Il MAINTAIN order.
The good of the country requires that the
force be kept in the interior where there are
many freedmen, or elsewhere IN the South
ern States. Those al lor.s, upon the seq
| coast, where no force D. necessary should
al be white troops. The reasons for this
are obvious, without mentioning many Of
them. The presence Of black troops, lately
slaves, demorslizes labor, both by their sd
vice and furnishing IN their camps resort
for the freedmen for long distances around
White troops generally excite no opposition,
aud, therefore, q small number Of them can
maintain order 10 given district.
Colored troops must be kept in bodies
sufficient 10 defend themselves. 1t is not
the thinking men who would do violence
toward any class Of troops sent among them
| BY the General Government, but the igno-
rant in some places might, and the late
slaves, too, who might be imbued With the
idea that the properly Of his late master
, should by right belong % him-at least,
should have 40 protection from the col0red
soldiers There is danger Of collisions
being brought on by such causes. Ny OBJ
setvatious led me &c the conclusion that
! the citizens Of the Southern States are HDN-
ious 70 return TO seli-gevemment within
the Union as soon Is possible; that whilst
recou struotug, they want and require pro-
lection ir IA the government that they thiuk
is required by the government, and is lot
| humtialing 20 them as citizens, and that
If such a course was pointed out they would
pursue IL in good faith. u is to be regret
Ted that there canUot be q greater com
miunlug at this time between the citizens
Of the two sections, and particularly those
! who are interested upon the law making
points. ] do not give the operations OF the
Freedmen Bureau that attention | would
have done lf more time had been at NV dis
p1sal. Conversations, however, with officers
| connected with the Burca a, led me 10 thick
that in some Of the States us affairs have
not been INDICTED with good judgment and
ecoEomy, and the belief evidently spread
among the freedmen Of the Southern States
| that the lands Of their former owners will,
al least IN part, be divided among them, has
come from the agent Of tais Bureau. Thu
belief is seriously Interfering with the wll-
J. liuguess of the freedmen. 20 make contracts
TOT the coming year. In some form, the
Freedm IA : Bareau Is an absolute necessity
until vii Jaw is established and enforced
| securing 10 the free linen their rights and
/ full protection at pr sent. However, IL il
independent Of the military establishment
Of the country, aud seems 10 be co-orerated
with by the different agents Of the Bureau
| according 10 their individual notions.
Everywhere General Howard, the able
heed of the bureau, made friends by the
just aud fair instructions and advice he
gave; but the complaint In South Carolina
was that when he Left things went on az be-
| fore. Many, perhaps the majority of The
az -nts q the Freedmen Bureau, advise the
freedmen that by their own industry they
must expect 10 1--we, aud 10 this end they
; endesvor to secure employment for them,
and 90 see that both contracting parties
! comply with their engagements.
In some esses, I an sorry TO say, the
trcedman's mind does not seem 10 De dis
abused Of the idea that the freedman has
TIE right % live without care or provision
for the future. The effect Of the belief in
J the division Of lands Il idleuess and accu-
mutation in camps towns snd cities. In
such csses ] think il will be fourd vice and
] ltlnaan g. tg
great dc truction cf the colored race. Il
cannot be expected that the opinions he'd
by men az the South for years can be
changed IN a day, sud Therefore the freed
meu require for 2 Few years, not only laws
70 protect them, but the fostering care of
those who viii give them good counsel, aud
upon whom they can 'ely.
The rrsedmen's Bureau being sepsrstai
from the military establishment OF the
country, requires ali The expenses Of a saus-
4 rate ,rgauizstion. Ono does not know ,,Isf
the other is doing or what orders thev are
acting under. ID seems % me this could be
I corrected by reCardiur every officer on duty
with troops in the Southern Ststas as sgeuts
Of the Freedmen's Bureau, aud then have
al orders fer the head Of the Bureau sent
l through the best commanders. tn would
create responsibility that would insur, a
uniformity OF actiou throughout the South.
AID would insure the orders and iusiruc
uous from the head Of the Bureau being
carried out, and would relieve from dnty
ana pav large number OF employees OF the
Government
have the honor 70 be, very respectfully. I
your obedient servant.
Z. 5. GRANT, Lieut. Gen.
A Gard.
J WIZ tse yfesT Of rearug from business. oa AZ.
] : eolni ot ~ lining heal h, l have dspo-ed 81
I ho@ars 3 leusins 6 c. Who VII c,ostipus ~, |