Marshall County Republican., 1865-12-14


tho country; and next in the character of our
institutions The mo st intelligent observers sm-
ons political economists have not failed to remark
that the public debt ofa country is safein pfopor-
ton as its people are free; that the debt of re-
public Is the safest OF all. Our history; confirms
and eStab.ishesthe theory, aud il. firmly believe,
destined to give it still stronger illus ration,
The secret of this supt riorisy springs not merely
from the fact that in a republic the national obi
cations are distributed more widely through count,
less nnmoere IN all classes o! Society; 1t has It's
ro2ls II Lhe character Of our laws. Here all men
contribute to the general welfare, and bear tneir
fair share of the public burdens. During the war
under the impulse Of patriotism, the men of the
great body OF the people, without regard to their
own comparative want of wealth throneed 20 our
sriics and filled our fleets o. war, and held them
selves ready TO offer their live Or ,he public good
NOV IN their turn, the property and income of hs
country should bear their just proportion OF the
burden of tax ttion. while in our inpost system.
through means of which increased vitality is Incl
dentaly impaired to al the Industrial interests OF
the nation, the dutiss should be SO adjusted as to
tall most heavily articles of luxury, leaving the
ne;e.saries OF life as free from taxation as the
absolute wants OF the Government, economically
administered. will Justify No favored class
should demand freedom from assessment, and the
taxes should be distributed as not to fall unduly
the poor, but rather on the accumulated wealth
Of the country. We should look at the national
debt just as tis-not as national blessing, but As
heavy burden on the industry of the country, to
be discharged without unnecessary delay, %, F..
1t is estimated BY the Secretary OF the Treasury
that the expenditures for the fiscal year ending
the 3Oth of June, 1866, will exceed the receipts
Hl2,l94,947. Ii is gratifying. however. to state
that it is also estimated that the for the
year ending the 30th of June, 1867, will exceed
the expenditures in the sum of Sill ,6S2, SIS.
So una he de med sniff
clent for the purpose, may be applied to sbe reiuc
tIOn OF the public debt, which, on the 3lst day OF
October. 1865, was 2,1i),s54,750. Every reduc-
ton will diminish the total amount of interest to
be paid, and so enlarge the means of still further
reductions. until the whole shall be lquidated and
this, as will be seen from the estimates of the
Secretary of the the Treasury, may be accomplish
cd by annual payments even within a period not
exceeding thirty years. hare faith that we shall
do all this within reasonable time; that, We
have amazed the world by the suppression Of a
civil war which was thought to be beyond the con
troll Of any government, so shall equally show
the superiority of our institutions by the prompt
and faithful discharge Of our national obligations.
The Department OF Agriculture, under its pres
ent direction, is accomplishing much in developing
and utilizing the vast agricultural capabilities OF
the country, and for information respecting the
details OF its management reference is made TO the
annual report Of the Commissioner.
have dwelt thus fully on our domestic affairs
bcc.use OF their transeende:It Importance. Under
any circumstances our great extent of territory
andyariety OF climate, producing almost every
:niDs that is necessary for the wants, and even
the comforts of man, make Us singuariy ndepcp-
dent of the varying policy of foreign Powers, and
protect US against every temptation to "entangns
alliances" while atthe present moment the re-
establishment of harmony, and the strength that
comes from harmony, will be our best security
against 'nations who feel rower aud forget right
For myself. il has been and il will be my constant
aim promote peace and amity with ell foreign
nations and powers; and have every reason to
believe that they all, without exception. are an
imated by the same disposition. Our relations
with the Emperor Of China, so recent in their ori
gin, are most friendly. Our commerce with hi.
dCminions is receiving new developments; and i
IS very pleasing TO find that the Government o.
that great Empire msnifests satisfaction with ou
policy, and reposes just confidence in the fairn es
which marks our intercourse. The unbroken har
snony between the United States and the Emperor
of Russia is receiving new support from ar enter
prise designed to carry telegraphic lines tn,
coRtinent of Asia, through his dominions. and 81
20 eonrect US with all Europe by a new chinnel o
intercourse. Our commerce with South Americi
- about to receive encouragement by direct lin,
Ofmail steamships to the rising Empire Of Brazil
The distinguished purity of men of science who
have recently left our country 10 make scientific
exploration of tn, natural history and rivers anC
mountain ranges of that region, have received
from the Emperor that generous welcome which
was to have been expected from his constan
irie dShp for the United States, and his web 6nowl
zeal in promoting the advancement of knowledge
A hope is entertained that our commerce with tn
rich and pOpglOus countries that border tn
Mediterranean sea may be largely increased
Nothing will be wanting, on the part of thi
Government, to extend the protection Of our ftI
over the enterprise OF our fellow-citize.s. W,
receive from the Powers in that region assurance
of good will; and il is worthy of note that speca
envoy has brought us messages Of coincidence or
the death Of our late Chief Magistrate from tn
Bey of Tunis, whose rule includes the old domin
ions Of Carthage, on the African coast.
Our domestic contest. now happily ended, ha
left some traces in our relations with one at leas
OF the great maritime Powers. The formal accor
dance of belligerent rights to the insurgent State
was unprecedented, and has not been justified b,
1he issue. But in the systems of neutrality pursue
Coy the Powers which made that concession
there was marked difference. The mate rails Q
war for the inssrsent States were furnished. in
great measure, from the workshops Of GFes
Britain; aud British ships, manned by British sub
Jects, and prepared for receiving British arma
mcnts, sailed from the potts Of Great Eritisn I
make war on American commerce, under tn
shelter OF a commission from the insurgeRt States
These ships, having once escaped from Brits
ports, ever afterwards entered them in every par
datiOns- The Consequences ofthis conduct wer
most disastrous to the States then in rebellion
increasing their desolation and misery by tn
prolongation OF our civil contest. 1t had, more
over, the effect. to great extent. to drive tn
American flag from the sea, and to transfer muc
of our shipping and commerce to the yer
Power whose subjects had created the necessity 70
such a change. These events took place before
was called to the administration of the Cover
mens. The sincere desire for peace by which
animated led me to approve the propose
already made, to submit the questions which ha
thus arisen between the countries to arbitration
These questions are of such moment that the
must have commanded the attention of the grea
Powers, and are so intorwoven with the peace an
interests ofevery one Of them to have ensured a
impartial decision. regret to inform you ths
Great Britain declined the arbitrament, but, o
the other hand. invited US to the formation OF
joint commission to settle mutual claims betwee
the two countries, from which those for the depr,
dati0ns before mentioned should be exclude
The oroposti0n in that yery unsatis factory forr