The Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Ohio) 1863-1886, 1865-12-07


the sum Of Sill ,6s2,sls. This amount or so much
as may be deemed sufficient for the purpose may be
applied to the reduction Of the public debt which,
on tn 3lst day Of October, 1865, was S2740 ,76O
Every reduction will diminish the total amount Of
interest to be paid, and so enlarge the means Of still
further reductions, until the whole shalt be liquI;
dhtsd and this, as will be seen from the estimates OF
the Secretary ofthe Treasury may DO accomplished
by annual payments even within period not exceed
ing thirty years. have faith that we shall do all this
with in reasonable timei that as we have amazed
the world BY the suppression OF o civil war which
was thought to be beyond the control ofany Govern
ment SO We shall equally show the superiority ofour
institutions by the prompt and faithful discharge OF
our national oblignhons.
The Department Of Agriculture, under its present
direction, Is accomplishing much in developing and
stzing the vast agricultural capabilities ofthe coun-
ry and for information respecting the details OF Its
management reference Is made to the annual report
Of the Commissioner.
have dwelt thus fully on our domestic affairs
because of their transcendent importance. Under
any crcums great extent OF territory and
variety ofclimate producing almost everything that
is necessary for the wants. ana even tne comforts Of
man. make us singuiary independent Of the vary
'ingpoicy Of foreign Powers, and protect US against
syery temptation to 'entangllng alliances" while at
Che present moment the re establishment Of bar
power DOW and forget right" For myself It has been
and will be my constant aim to promote peace and
1Arnity with all foreign nations and Powers, and
lhaye every reason to believe that they ALL without
exception, are animated by the same Disposition
Our relations with the Emperor Of China, recent
in their origin, are most friendly. Our commerce
with his dominOns is receiving new Developments |;
and it is very pleasing 70 find thatthe Government
ofthat great Empire manifests satisfaction with our
policy and reposcs Just confidence in the fairness
which marks our intercourse. The unbroken har:
nony between the United States and the Emperor OF
Russia is receiving new support from an enterprise
designed to carry lines across ross
meet us withfall Europe by new channel OF inter.
course. Our commerce with South Amercais is about
to receive encouragement oy direct line & o. man M
tnguished party ofmen Of science who have recent
ly left our country to make scientific exploration
softh natural history and rivers and mountain ran
that generous welcome which was TO have been ex-
pected from his constant friendship for the United
States, and his well known zeal in promoting the ad:
Z yancemeut OF knowledge. hope IS entertained
that our commerce with the rich and populous
tries that border the Mediterranean sea may be
largely increased. Nothing will be wanting on the
part of this Government to extend the protection OF
our dag over the enterprise of our fellow.ctzens.
We receive from the Powers in that region assuran-
ces OF good will and 1t is worthy Of note that spe
cial envoy has brought us messages OF coincidence
on the death OF our late Chief Magistrate from the
Bey Of Tuns, whose rule includes the old dominons
ofCirthage, on the coast oil Africa.
Our domestic contest, now happily ended, has lett
aome traces in our relations with at least OF the
. great maratlme Powers The formal accordance Of
6elRerant rights to the nsurgent States was unpre-
'eedented and has not been lnsthed ny the issue
Powers which made that concession, there was a
marked difference. The materials of war for the
nsurgent States were furnished in agreat measure
ships, manned by British subjects, and prepared for
receiving British armamcnts, sailed from the ports
of Great Britain to make war on American COM
merce, under the shelter OF commission from lhe
insurgent States.
These ships, having once escaped from British
ports 'ever afterwards entered them in every part
Of the world, to reft and so to renew their depre-
dations The consequences OF this conduct were
most disastrous to the States then IN rebellon IN
creasng their desolation and misery by the prolon-
cation Of our civil contest. II had moreover, the
cdect to great extent to drive the American flag
from the sea, and to transfer much OF her shipping
and our commerce to the very Powers whose subjects
had created the necessity for such change. These
events took place before was called to the admin
straton or the Government. The sincere desire tor
peace by wfinh lam animated led me to approve the
proposal, aLeady made, to submit the questions
which had thus arisen between the countries to arb-
. trament. These questions are OF such moment that
they must have commanded the attention OF the
And interests Of every one Of them as to have en-
sured an impartial decision. ! regret to inform
Won that Great britain declined the arbltrament,
hut ON the other hand. invited us to the formation
of onl commission to settle the mutual claims be-
tween the two countries. from which those for the
depredations before mentioned should be excluded,
The proposition, in that very unsatisfactory FORM
has been declined.
The United States did not present the subject as
an impeachment OF the good faith Of power which
protesting the most lIltuuly uispOslhOusi Dut
as involving questions Of public law, of which the
settlement Is essential to the peace OF nations and,
though pesunary reparation to their injured cltl-
zens would have followed incaenssy on auec,slon s
their primary. objecttThe had higher motive.
and in the interest Of peace and justice 20 es-
tabsb impt rtant principles OF international law. @
ground on which the British minister rests his JUS
thcaton is, substantially, that the munic PAL law
4 of'a nation, and the domestic interpretations OF
that law are the measure Of its duty as neutral
and feel bound to declare my opinion, before you,
and before the world, that that jurisdiction cannot
be sustained before the tribunal of nations. Atthe
same time do not advise to any present attempt at
redress by acts Of legislation. For the future friend
a ship between the two countries must rest on tho
basis Of mutual justice. +.
free Constitution, the civilized world has been con-
vulsed by revolutions in the interest ofdemocracy
or Of monarchy; but through all those revolutions
the United States have wisely and firmly refused to
become propagandists Of republicansm. tits the
only government suited TO our conditions; but we
have never sought to impose 1t on others; and we
have consistently followed the advice Of Washing
q ton to recommend it only by the carefa preserva.
tion and prudent use Of the blessing. During all
the intervening period the policy Of European Pow.
ers aud Of the United States has, on the whole been
ofsome parts Of America, in the interest OF mon
archy have prevailed; twice my predecessors have
had occasion to announce the views of this nation
in respect to such interference. On both occasions
the remonstrance of the United States respect.
ed, from deep conviction, on the part OF European
Governments, that tho system OF non-intercrencc
and mutual abstinence from propagandism was the
true rule for the two hemispheres
Since those times we have advanced in wealth and
power; but we retain the same purpose to leave the
nations Of Europe to choose their own dynastes and
form their own systems OF government. ihis con,
sistent moderation lnay justly demand acorrespond-
ing moderation. We should regard it as great ca
.Iamity to ourselves to the cause Of good govern,
ment and to the peace Of the world, should any Eu-
ropean power challenge the American people, as 1t
were, TO the defence of republicanism against for
,, egn interference We cannot foresee and are un-
willing to consider what opportunities might pre-.
ssent themselves, what combinations might offer to
toprotect ourselves against de signs inimica to our
act in future as they have ever acted heretofore
they never will be driven from that course but by
the aggression Of European Powers; and we rely on
the wisdom and justice Of those Powers to respect
tho system OF non.lnterferance which hns too long
been sanctioned by time, and which by its good ).
suits, has approved itselfto both continents.
The correspondence between the United States and
France, in reference to questions which have be-
come subjects Of discussion between the two Gov
ernments, will, at a proper time, be laid before
When. on ths organization OF our Government,
under The. Constitution, the President ofthe United
States delivered his inaugural address to the two
,Hoases Of Congress, he said to them, and through
.khem - the, country and to mankind, that "the
preservation Of the sacred fire OF liberty and the
desSny OF The republican model Of government are
Justly considered as deeply, perhaps as finally 'taked
mn the experiment intrusted to the American
people!' Ana the House OF Representatiy an
swered Washington by the voice Of Madison ave
Hdore the invisible hand which has led the American
people, through 50 many dlficultss, TO cherish a
conscious responsibility for the destiny Of republican
liberty" More than seventy-slx years have glided
away since these words we're spoken the United
States have passed through severer trials than we're
fOreseen; and now at this new epoch IN our exist
ence as one nation, with our Union purified by sor-
rows, and strengthened by conflict, and established
bV The virtue of the people, the greatness ofthe oc'
casion invites us once more TO repeat with sOemni.
ty, the pledges Of our fathers to hold ourselves
answetabe before fellow men for the success Of
the republican form Of government. Experience
has proved its sutfciency IN peace and in war; It
has indicated It's authority through dangers and
Ailictlona and, sudden and terrible emergencies,
which would have crushed anv system that had been
less firmly fixed in the hearts ofthe people.
:. ~ the Inauguration Of Washington the foreign
relations of the country were few, and its trade