davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1865-12-26
Tho 43d Illinois 1nfnntry Vols,
Correspondence Of the Chicago Tribune.1

CAN'T BUTLER, ILL.,, Dec 1s, 1865.
The regiment VIE organized at Camp But
Ter, Illinois, in September, 1861, md is now
asaiu ut Cninp Butler for final payment and
discharge. In The first part Of the war IT
took part in Gen. Frcmont's movement In
Missouri. In Gen. Grants advance up the
Tennessee river, where, in the battle of shl-
loh, 1t suffered greatly-Col. Julius Raith and
many on'cers being killed. In the advance.
On and siege Of Corinth In the siege Of
Vicksturg, and Gen. Stcele's occupation of
Arkansas. In the latter State 1t took IN &C.
tive part in the battle Of Jenkins Ferry,
April G0th, 1854, where one division Of the
It'll army corps alone defeated Kirby Smiths
md pricc's united armies. Beside this, 1t has
taken part in numerous minor engagements
and skfrmishes. In December, Inst year, the
regiment was reorganized, and seven com
panies filed, and last spring two new COM
panies were assigned to 1t.
The regiment has been stationed In Akan-
sas since September, 1865, and consequently
has had no opportunity to take part In the
great events passing cast Of the Mississippi,
but has, perhlps, the finest nnme Of any ILL
nols regiment for discipline and good beha-
vior, The present organization Is as fol-
laws:
Col1Del-Ado!p- Dentler.
Lient. CoL-Thtgo Washmann.
3!aiol-Geo. Il. noeriDg, {not mustered.)
Au1utnDt-Gco. L. Ha1.
Company A (oigsnally companies A, D and c.
Captain, Carl AsuEenius; 1st Lieutenant, EeIs Nell
son; I'd Lieutenant. iIans Weaetland.
Company i iotfgtnal1y DcCaptain, Gustav
Mogcninekr; let Lieut., August Mengel; ID Lieut.,
Company tc Originally F)-Capt., Peter Wick
leln it Lieut., Henry Beutel.
Company D todginally Gl-Capt., Frederick
Esct; 1T Lieut., Clemens Slecksch; I'd Lieut.,
Henry Ross- .-...
Company E E(orietnally IL eCaps-, Joseph Tnesa;
1st Lieut.. Emil koehle1; I'd Lieut., BaEnhaEd
LuckneI.
Company F {or,eipal]y) I-Capt., Charles A.
Harms; 1T i5ent. Fred ". Burger; I'd Lieut.,
Vollrath Kcttler.
Company G Originally n'-Capt, George Il.
Breasief; ID Lent, Chrisiia, sehaiIer. ~'
Company q tnew-Capt. Chas. II. Helabreder;
1tt Lieut., Henry schantx; I'd Lieut.. Herman
SchcIllng.
COMPANY. 4 {aew)-Cagt::, Hamilton A. Anler.
son; 1st Lieut., Efnst Hii]gart; I'd Lent, ). 2.
, 1865-12-26
A UiG Of War Hlslory-Lec's Surrender
Erencditated.

The following passage is from the forth.
coming volume OF Pollard's Southern history
Of " The Fourth Tear Of the Wtr:'
"Tlere can be no doubt in history that
General Lee in taking Lis army away from
Richmond and Petersburg, had decided, in his
OWL mind, upon the hopelcssnesS Of The war.
and had predetermined Its surrender. The
most striking proof Of this is, that on
his retreat there was no order published
Against lg straggglingg-a thing unprecedented
IN all deliberate ind strategic retreats
und nothing whatever done to maintain dis
cipline. The men were not animated by the
style Of general orders usual On such occas-
ions. They struggled aud deserted almost at
will. An Idea ran through the Virginia troops
that With the abandonment Of Richmond the
war was hopeless, and that they would be
justified in refusing to fight outside the limits
Of their State. Nothing was done to check
thenotorious circulation Of this notion In the
army. The Virginia troops scattered Of 10
their homes at almost every mile Of tho route.
We hare seen that Pickett was left with only
q handful OF men. Some Of the brigade COM
manless had not hesitatcd to advise their
men that the war was virtually over, and
that they had better 80 home and emake
crops
tfBut there are other proofs, besides the
omission Of the measures nsainst struggling
usual on retreats, that Gen. Lee had prcyised
a surrender of his army. He carried or from
Petersburg and Richmond all the Transports
tion Of lis army, sufficient, perhaps, for 100,-
Coo men, certainly largely In excess OF the
actual needs Of the retreat. The excessive
number Of Virginia troops who we're permit
ted to drop out Of the ranks and return to
their homes, shows Tery well TINT there Was
no firm purpose to curry the wos out Of tho
limits Of That Stnte. Prisoners taken on the
retreat invariably reported that the army WIS
soon 10 be halted Tor surrender and Gen.
Gusts Lee, when captured by the enemy, Is
alleged to havc made the same revelation OF
his tather's DESIGNS"
, 1865-12-26
FEEDlNG THE ARMIES,

We rive In nunt,er column the report of
commIseary Gcncral Eaton. which shows how
our armies were fed during the rreat Rebel.
lion. It is the brictest Of the Department
reports thus far, but contains the proposition
TO make hereafter full, and what cannot fall
to be, valuable exhibit Of the total quantity
of each article of subsistence stores purchased
year by year during the four years Of the war.
The n-cs,.nt docnmcnt IA th:rcf,re on1v
broadly suggestive Of the immense magnitude
Of the ope5etiops Of thls Bureau, and in this
respect stunds as the sequel, and in no small
degree the secret Of the Just published report
at heayy cxpcnaiture in the ouarterrnaster,s
Dcpartment. To follow our late immense
armies with their supplies, and to have earned
throughout the ytcissitudcs of four great cam
pa1cne. the pruisc, that in no instance. has an
army movement failed through inability Of
the Comm,ssaries to meet al proper rruu,,e-
meuts, is an achievement which, divided be-
tween the Departments, THAT which provided
and that which transported these stores,)
, 1865-12-26

Geez1l Of gnhsissecce, md nakinR It his dvsy b
esaee sneh eatms To b exsntned. taeso hvp ssA
Whoas number Of eisans sahen,sesd..
Eunhsr spp.pved !or payment. =
Number awaiting e1plnaiion. .
Number awA:tnR Examination -. II
srk11sf1ce AHerH1p.
With 3prr approval II Il proposed 10 Aseaf1h
each article Of tnpsstanca stc,ra purchased fur the
uae Of the amy during each JoaE Of tho VIZ fsu4
1851 10 1863 inclusive. Saeh : statement woaA
form N tnietatlpR addition 10 the mercantile ~
u.tles Of tho country.
srBoaulnA1p pErAkr1xxr.
Cnder The set Of Ms1rh :, lss5, nr the better q.
sanitation q tho Subsistence Department. a.
sfoSs ssIs ts IN selection as "a o. S
Com1rlssattes Of subsistence of ne vi.
untneF md regular sesuco to xeos1sphiesl md naM-
to military departments, TO principal snbn.trnes
depotg, and to tho Office OF ths conta1shary Gesa-
laf Of subsistence, a,s!s,: = Assistant, wita g
Of lbo Subsistence Department, there hs,e
baen 70 selected and assigned ufns
co1uist.5es e sobstssnee II. one Rom ths sesol
haye sieo beto selected and assigned under -
tnotttJ ot The ssrae net. 10 inspection, oe otbx
special dnty, two Comnit.asies Of 3uos.steoes
With The ssnk OF AsIoF, both Com the 'olun,sw
Dining he past year, two vacancies hsre ocsuneI
In tho reRnlar service Of the sabsistenee Depart
NANA
zcalouA and etecient deld serNce Of Aa1s< JoM
Kellogg, ard The other By tho Ees1ena.os Of Capt
Howard r. Hopklns, valuable omer. Bokh of
these vacancies were tlled bY stlerions and 1p-
po4utaents from tho volunteer bzanfa OF the sahs-
| tence Department.
The Subsistence Department At the commence
nert Of The contained bu, twelve otcers Of sR
grades. It had reached this lumber bY smsll s5dl
lions, authorized by law Eom t,fac to tinae a, HI.
army was increased and the 'eg7ltor1 occuued hy Il
| extended the several addiuons ws.e: 9ub4cnmnt
to Tho ac1 OF Msrth z. 13u, tMo Connussarirn. ~
the act Of July ., 1scs, i've Commlsss.ies: 81 IL
I act Of Septfnber, 1880 four comms.a;1cs. stnes
the commencement Of the ruoclliou there haze b.sen
| added g foliows:. BY the act OF August L lsff-
twelve Coclr1ssanes; By The act OF February iB6I
ase Commtsssr,es. making 4 totsl Of twenty -nus
oucels ol III gr1des- A further Increase L uof
recommended. mill II shall be made TO appear thst
the present. number OF officers u iusdcquaa 10 az
service required OF the Department.
The oftcess OF this Department, regulars and ypf-
unteers have. with hut few exceptlons penfbrrued
their dutlea with signal delity and euccess, Sous
or them have been held from SERVICES with troope
II The Geld much against their choice and amm-
lion.
To The able Senior Assistant Commiasaxv
General Of Subsistence and TO the other olicers a.
duty IN this Bus~au u largely duo the credit Of a.
general good condition OF the Affairs Of the ptsise
euce Department which I'M enabled 10 srpott.
have the honor TO be,
Very respectfully,
Your obedleut servant,
, 1865-12-26


Editors Chicago Tribune:
We are rcjoiccd, in t1,is section Of the State
that you hnrc opened your columns to Tho
complaints Of the gToanin!. people, who have
so long borne the expressions Of the great
lnoucycd monpolies Of this State. It WAS well
that you hfied your voice against eastern
e1actions, but It is better to begin at home,
nnd let the cry echo from our illim1tablo
prniries to the seabonrd, and then let the
tollinE operatives, who consume our wheat,
. corn, beci and pork, send tho echo back.
You have well said that they were killing
iii. iii region, lave long Ill tic .EiEiing hand ID
upon our throats. The Illinois Central has
ground our very life ont OF liz.
In the first place, they sold their lands for
double what pine-tentls oil the settlers could
afford to PAT. The consequence was, that al.
ter struggling against the difficulties Incident
to the making q new farm, and un1Avorabfe
Seasons, many Of the settlers having expended
capital enough, In improvements. to have
paid for the lands at more than fair ralna.
lion, were obliged to seek q new contract
homes, and lose the labor Of these four or
Eve years, besides Their outlays Of cash.
Many lost their 1ll in this last resort. It
produced discouragcment, retarded lmmigra
lion and settlement, and while our county
has increased about one hall In five years, 1t
WOQlu1 GACcpt LOT Lucsc luluEgs, uAFE 0oupleu
its population l.. the same period.
III the second place their tariffs on freights
and passengers haye always been too high.
Now they arc Mtolerable. For short dis.
tancea five to Elk cents per mile. Corn, fyou
send anything less than q car load, twenty
two cents per bushel, which brings you forty
or forty-two in Chicago. So OF everything
else. We sent some forty bushels OF FAX
seed, the other dag, at twenty-five cents
freight. Dressed hogs nre forty cents per
hundred pounds sorghum sL50 per barrel,
while. three and four years ago, they carried It
for us ct fifty cents per barrel. We pay &. 50
for barrels, $1.50 for ireight,-then commits
sion and trUcknge, aud arc 1nsultcd with IN
offer ofseyenty cents per gallon, for better
and more profitable :artiele than eycr LEFT the
shores of Cnl,a or Port Rico, or the wharycs
OF New Orleans. If there are any who can
raise corn ct present prices for the articlc, and
sorghum that will stand at 45o saccharome-
Ter, at s. 10 IS cents, net, they can do more
than the writer OF this. Forty bushels Of
on oycscoat, il 1t is not half cotton and one.
third shod1y! Who can live by agriculture,
when out Of ninely-l cents, the price Of
com ii New York, the producer gets but
twenty, eighty to one hundred miles from
Chicago, the other scventy-lirc going into the
pockets Of the bet1eenity class?
Cry aloud, Messrs Editors, "and spare
not.' Let the oppressed people speak
through your columns. Let the indignation
Of The oppressed people become too hot for
these extortfolcrs. Then may we hope for
somc relief OSE or TIE PEOPLE.
, 1865-12-26

Britain, IN an effort to republlcanizc or reyo.
lution{ze the British Government. These rcs.
olutions confirm our suggestions by affirming
the unity Of interest between the common
people Of Ireland and Of England. They
say:
: "1fat, inasmuch as the .advancsd' section o,
The Enghkh Liberal party largely share oar politi,
cal views and Fynpathlze with our efforts, He ure
anxious to cooperate u1ih them in nnythIng calcu.
for Their assistance N tho promotion Of measures
bcocbcial 10 1seland."
Tue last resolution "cordially recognizes
and warmly advocates the Justice and expe-
diency Of extending the franchise under
proper safeguards" Thus, in Ireland and
America, theparty ofpsogress strike the same
key note,
, 1865-12-26

whom Gen. Eaton speaks IN most feeling
te.ms. The report, which VIC must again
characterize as noticeable for the brief refer.
erence 1t makes 10 Its most important branch
Of our army servieo, closes by the concise
presentation Of Department history. showing
the mode OF its e1pansion 10 meet the grow
ing demands upon II. It is proper to remark
that the Commissa9 Department has been
remarkably free from charges Of corruption
against its officers, although the opportuni-
tics for haud hhvt been very considerable.
, 1865-12-26
THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER RAILROAD
AND STEAMBOAT COMBINATION.
fFrpm The st. Paul pFees.l

The Camden and Amhoy monopoly, tyran,
nical as It is, heavily Us 1t has weighed upon
New Jersey and the commerce Of tie country,
Is, after nll, tar less oppressive to the people
Of that md adjoining states, than the mono.
POLLING combinations of steamboat and rail,
road companies which now control the i'm.
menEe t1nnsit flowing between Minnesota and
Lake Michigan.
Such combinations exist In limited de-
gree oil oycs the country, bnt nowhere else
have they welded their usurped powers with
Euch greedy rapacity-such relentless tyrnn-
ny,-s1lch arrogant contempt Of the rights and
interests Of that commerce and Industry from
which they derive all their eupport-ns this
tniquitous alliance Of the steamboat COM
panies Of the Upper Mississippi with the rail-
road corporations Of Wisconsin aud ulinoIa
that control the lines terminating on the
Mississippi river.
4 mere statement Of the e1tortionate tar
the riger and the rail upon the agricultural
products Of t1is State 10 their transit to MIL
Waukee is the most whitening condemnation
which can be passed upon them.
Two Or three years ago, when fifteen cents
were charsedson the transportation Of q
It was considered by our farmers and
however, the comblnation'' having eained
boldness from the impunIty with
which they advanced the tariI in 1864, navi-
gntion opened with the startling announce
mcnt that the freight on wheat to. Milwaukee
where ii was worth. during the spring.
from sl.15 TO $i.o244-lad been run up 10 Mirtv.
.Jl.x cents per bushel, and 1t was continued at
that rate till the middle Of August. That is
to say, It cost those Of our farmers living on
the boarders Of the Mississippi, nearly one-
third Of their crop to get The rex 10 the Uaapau-
kte market,
I've say nothing now Of the immense in
crease Of burdens fastened by the same iron
hands upon tho people OF the Minnesota VAL
ley9
was 10 neatly check md almost to prohibit
expectation during the spring which paradox
ical Us It may seem, vas in reality Just what
it Was intended to do, and to largely reduce
The price paid to the producer, which was an
other object in rfeN and here We hare m in-
sight into some Of the iniquitous workings Of
this rapacious monopoly.
Last winter the President of one OF the
Packet Companies purchased enormous guam
titles OF wheat In the Minnesota Valley and
elsewhere at very low prices and he wanted
to get hold ot good deal more which was
locked up In that river By low water in the
hands Of buyers who were wholly dependent
on lin Tor transportation.
By putting up freight to thirty-6ye ceuts
per bushel be at once made wheat-buying IN.
profitable to all except himself aud associates
in the combination, and compelled tndepen-
dent holders either to sell their whoat to him
as a sacrifice On Its cost, or 50 ssckened them
, 1865-12-26

press tho winter back nd teach It 70 make
regular sppzoAeoess
Ftrit scal-C. N. Andze'7, d Il. "ostnan Nd
Estsss 1a aad gsgtsas 1As'oiogy-aeotse vsss,.
u EaieGosEb. Il ~ He' s g. VIE, Phil spznsr sad C.
- p,mtsosos-E. a A. Clifford. Lucius rsaasis, F.
Ffsas Llts-A. D,Jans, $. @. Jonef. ;. H. stav-
a7naents asd u.gx 7s.s-o. B. ao1nsh, O.
6rs1nT and FMsyan-H. D, Emery, u. n. Dtss'
y. c. Auksr.
1uE rEAcH TREE woux.
NJ. Wilgus celled attention to pspfr puosasdd s,d
III the Ho1ticulturitt, wa!ttan By Ho{ee, H.
asked Is thc remedy Of any ralue: The d!senastoa
da nGt aaa ush sht 70 as
T1nsey pIsnted a The root Of tho ttes IL partial
protection, but the remedy Il wosse than sha dis
oncuAnp PLANTING.
Dr. Lore plants his applc orchard. tho srees IN
tSe app1e grows to 1 great r,-e: ns would plsas
two or thtee yesr old trees: euts haek the top h
proportion 10 smount Of roots remaining; sets not
eel only where the ground u IN good or1tsr, bus
would tate them up md putin a. @nZ convenient
anti sqsoR ss9S d e g sR1ns aoae e. ss + 1oe
cultivate for the frat seven inches md hen seeds 10
g1ass; mu1chlug l. ot htile value tn antntan or
ci onG fonf to si1 inches deep; prrfs1s autumn
plansing, To protect fom dep!edauons Of The Eah-
bits-ruhs the t5ec With hogs liver, about twenty
hand stooplue down, place the nte1s On esch slde
! and move them up tho trunk. This requires bat
one operation, and thus hundreds Of tree5 can be-
gone over In day and most surely protecting them
honn thia EouEcc Of injury.
nj. BALDWIN objects to the digging deep holes for
The planting q tsss -; ~ S 1S snooa H. % snss az
By opening deep flETow for the row oi trees. set
them by placing sufficient earth on The roots 70
n md a1h as wn the pow
ttens, but In suan way Is better to set with The
| spade. Condemns the practice SO common with
Dr. hui would not concur in the opposition to
e7outing 1t Is beneficial by holding the sep in lis
characterization. On the plsn!m2 Of srnah treea
fbrous roots ard the 1on. extended root OF the
slres, back to within few Inches, and. in SONIC in
staEcss, clesr 10 the main Or Top root The pl3ns
took the came stand IN resnrd to cutting back Of
the roots Is named. Small eyergreens should hare
node onr 10 ass n: Of ~
plants can be d16hled In, IN i day, By one hand,
provided The soil Is mellow and the surface made
| mode timber belts csn BE- cheaply planted P1apta
Of red cedar cost three 10 six dollars per thousand
Aiscr pantine TIE roller i sg.,n passed over the
frees aEe then treated the Fame ~ corr or other
MI. Carpenter would use corn stalks to protect
rom the rabbits, wrapping tho short pieces around
part Of the stste. Lar spring plantins L unecr-
tai1. Starr fsys feed the rabbits on corn and they
NJ. W,er and B. G. Roots woula lean the trees
not les than tflesn DEGREES to the southwest, %
the vest winds Will. IN tho courst Of few years,
make tae tree west. Tower headed Trees aud shelter
bells will cure the evil Of lesn,uR 10 the aosheass.
, 1865-12-26
VENTILATION.

The calamity chronicled in our columns
yesterday, BY which SIX young and robust
nen, came to their death by sufTocation. has
hardly parallel In the annals of fatality.
Deaths BY accident arc not 50 unusual as to
excite astonishment, but death in this form Is
80 rare that we are appalled, to see how trivial
IN occurrence may lend to such dreadful con-
sequences. Agas litter puts cap on The end
OF pipe, Terminating In sleeping apart
ment- he makes bungltng job OF It. He
goes his way, and after some years, whiie six
1aboring men arc slumbcring under that tubo,
the cap falls to the floor. In moment the
room Is hl1ed with carburreted hydrogen.
which the unconscious sleepers inhalc. and
like Senoacharib's host tswhen they awoke In
the morning they were all dcad mcn." There
is strange mystery about the case. When
they went to bed that cap was, to all appear
ances, securely in its place. The smallest
aperaturc would then have given them watn-
ipe-would have driven them out Of tie room
The last Of the s11 did not retire to this his
last sleep, TIL afIer midnight. or all times,
il would seem that the hours between mid
night and sunrise were those In which dis
turbance WAS least likely to occur, to dislo.
cate that important piece Of metal Yet
something did occur to cxpe1 the cap from Its
fasteuinss, aud the horrible result Is before rs.
IT Is easy to inyeigh against the unknown
gas-fiitcr. Probably he was to blame. Pro-
badly the cr1me Of staying these six men lies
1T his door, but we arrive At that only by in-
ference. Yet It Is plain that the simplest
means Of ventilation would have saved the
lives Of the victims. Ventilation Is not the
, 1865-12-26
ILLINOIS ITEMS.

An action for slander was tried at the recent tern
Of the InSalle C1tcuit Court. According to th,
Ottawa RepuNscoa, one Crotty, a man Of wealth
called bis poor reighbor, Mori.sey, thief fol
which the latter Eought to recover damages. i
seems the plaintiff kad previously been tired on
charge Of theft and honorably acquitted. Crotty
still believing him to be guilty, go expressed him
self The fi1e Of defence In the slandcr eult was
justtacat!on-in other words, C1otty attempted to
prove The theft which was not proved before and
failed. The Judge therefore decided In the de.
frndante favor, in the SIM Of s. 0cn The case haa
been taken to the Supreme Court.
The ShawnettoWn Nkre,1y records the death Of
Maj. Stephen &. Rowan, who came TO his death by
the filling OF bis stable lof which Was filed with
corr 1t gave way and crushed him to the ground
while be was trI1ng to ndjust prop under the
same. He died Instantly. Major Rowan wa. IN
old and prominent citizen. He WIS born In 1909 In
Ohio county, Kentucky, md was eixty-three years
olage; located IN this country IN 1870; was mem
ber OF the Legislature in 1891 md in 1895 received
The appointment Of Receiver Of the aul Office ut
this place, under President Jaclson and continued
in that poaition through the Presidential terms Of
Presidents van Bnren, Harrison Tyler, and por-
ton Il President Polk'e,
On Thursday night Of last week, Is We learn BIZ
the shAwneetown Mercury, James Lackey was
killed by Hugh Norrie. at caye.in.Rock. A woman
was the cause Of the difficulty. The murderer II
strll at lnrge.
The Mercury also records another fatal afftay,
which occurred between John Brahan and Thomas
Got, at Bow!es' Mines, which resulted in the death
Of Cot. Drahan was arrested and held for murder.
A boy named John Piper, aged II years, In Peo-
TIA, undertook. IN Wednesday morning, to kiud1e
fire IN cabmet-shop, from ean filed with ben
zole. The can at once exploded and set fire 10 the
boys clothing. An employe hearing his screams,
rushed to hts reliek but vas driven back by the
smoke. When finally the flames were e1tinguished,
the unfortunate lad Was lying On the floor partially
suEocated, with The 1esh burned from his face, his
clothes On fire and bis fingers burned to c1isp. He
was picked up and carried home, and expired about
noon.
The brothers OF Lieutenant George TAckett, who
.yas Killed in Shelby County, ILL.,, last month, by
Thomas II. Thornton, banker OF shebyyille,
haye offered q reward Of one thousand dollars tor
tire delivery Of the murderer 10 the Sheriff Of thAs
County.
liz. 4. Ra1linger, the great sheep grower, 1ast
week sold his farm, near Ni1wood. for $39, ,OO0 The
purehafu Was gentleman 1fom Vfsden. The dsed
and other papers {u The transaetion required stamps
to the. amount Of x65.
4 daughter Of James Cut1snt, 1t Robinson, Cr1w.
ford county, who had her leg broken BY jumping
from wagon when The horseA were running away,
Ind to haTe her ler amputated, but tho operation
fa.led 10 sage her Lie. and abe died after much su
iestnss.