Clarksville weekly chronicle. [volume] (Clarksville, Tenn.) 1865-1867, 1865-09-15
CULTIVATION OF SOUTHERN LAMBS.

publish an advertisement that extends in is app-
cation from ordinary business into patriotic results
Involving as it does not Only the true measures Of
meeting great material difficulty of the South,
but also OF rcmedying the political evils resulting in
that difficulty the subject riaes into the dignity Of
a question OF national concern, 1fa s. ..
The labor question ,mpst be settled practically ~
the South before next Spring. Tho agitation OF
negro suffrage, maintained as an irritant among the
great body OF the local laborers of that section
TIL perhaps even tho close of the next session of
Congress- there is grave reason to fear that even the
pinchngs Of want may not have sobered the blacks
OF the South into settled industry in time for next
years blowing. ,iSi ns s
Butt even now the unsettled condition Of Southern
labor casts ominous shadows upon next years pro-
duction. Many Of the fairest fields Of the South
lie this moment waste. Farm buildings, of even
the most essential description are in numerous
cases, wanting. Even hQusing for the labor work
ing Southern lands remains, in very many instan-
ces, destroyed. Fences have throughout wide
taCts Of the region have been consumed to even
the last rail by ten thousand canIp-fres. And war
has turned Into ashes the surfaee of thousands Of
farms, while thousands Of others have, in that lux
uriant soil and climate, been clad In dense cover-
ing of ibFushwood OF weeds. Preliminary labor Is
uecessary in all those numerous instances TO pres
pare the farms of the South for the work Of seed
time, If they not to be lost to the purposes Of
production next year. 'i4 lrr 2 a'"4ea1ilf d
81 Looking athe facts of the labor supply Of the
South directly in the face, there can be no doubt
that sound policy demands that she take st ps to
supply herself with white labor at once The adj
vertisement which has suggested these remarks
that of Mr.. Hew son-rpF pFoposestoi bring the South
into the general labor market of this section. Our
conversation with that gentlemen enables Us TO
submit The following views ON the subject as hints
Of vital importance to the best interests material
and political, of the Southern people 30 - a.i
= In the Northwestern States and in the Canadas
farms are worked non shares" In the British
Provinces and in several of the Northern States
Hand is turned TO account at fixed rental per acre.
40 Under the rental system the landowner supplies
nothing but the land the fencing and the farm
buildings. The rate paid per acre varies from one
dollar to four dollars according to the quality Of
the land and the character of the improvements. T
Farming "on. shares" involves generally the
supply by the owner of Seed implements and horse
power. That system also supposes for the use of
the laborers family, a cottage, vegetable garden,
range or pasturage for one or two cows five or six
sheep, and three or four hogs. The rate OF division
OF the harvest in such cases varies according to cir
cunistances from one-tliird to two-thirds for the
proprietor. The proportion Of the crop depends, in
making these contracts in the character of the
clearing, the quality of the land, etc. .e
The extent of farm eultiyatable by one man,
children, varies with the proportion and the COM
pletenessr of the clearing. Twenty-Five acres sot
range, fifteen CT mea63y, and about fifty of grain
and rootcrops represent the limit Of the capacity
including the assistance of his wife and little
ones---of one good laborer., .dsltii4 az ern'
The systems described here are those under which
large part Of this section of the country is cuti-
vated The peculiar circumstances of the South
will, however suggest TO practical men some par
ticulars in which these systems ought TO be modi-
fed in order 10 place that section und,r favorable
conditions in the general labor market Of the
country gaHi srgiiF9 odi 1cl Ba1ia - igaW pn
In modifying the usage as laid down here the
Southern landowner must recollect the peculiar
condition Of the msn addressed by his demands foI
labor His propositions ON the subject must, as a
general rule, involve iuHe or no RISK, and the eds
possible amount Of outlay on the part ofthe work.
man.. The degree to which those conditions shall
have complied with in Southern overtures for labor
will regulate the amount obtainable in the Northern
OF the European market. o esq ifG tan anA f
a, In competition with this section for labor the
South will find it expedient to offer special induce
ments. The fee simple Of q small homestead may
be thrown into Sonthern overtures for white labor
with good effect; but whenever introduced into Z
labor contract, should be made c0nditioually 65
way of guarantee Of the good faith Of the laborer
Small farms might in other cases be sold to large
families Of working people, on the condition tha
the purchase money be mades payable in labor a
the rate of q certain number Of days work pc
year. The individual proprietor will find no diff
Guilty in combining the hints thrown out here or
the subject into form of proposition that, whii'
suited TO his own circumstances, will find ready
response in the labor market.r--NeW fsrk Neies
.-as-~----
BeFyr The Bolivar (Tcnn.) Bulletin, says: ."colo
nizaon societies springing into lifein the North
ern States, their object being to furnish the Soutl
with numberless host. of white laborers, who ar
to till the soil lately worked by slaves. But tn
rank Abolition papers are striving TO put down th
enterprise as they say il docs and viii conflict witt
tile interests Of the freedmen, hnd theydo not wisl
to see white labor pitted againstthe efforts oft
hacks they maintain that il Is the bounden dut
of the Southern farmer to employ the negro tha
as LIE has drked the cotton and tho sugar fields 0
the South all the conrse of his life without compen
sltion 1t is nothing but fair that he should DC give
lwork now at a reasonable remuneration by hi
forrner master.a The fact In the case ssinply this
They have got the elephant and do not kdoy
whatrto' do with him. They don't want Cufley +
confe among them, neither do they wish &
reside where he dwels for they all know tina
Ihdistance lends fnchantment to the view, and tina
II if they should have to Tnngle too freely with III
negro they might eventually have TO own up Z
1.-THE fact that SsmbO has been considerably over
rated BY ,them while making philanthropy for hin
a stepping ktone 20 cohditinn that benelittc
themselyes. Slavery Is dead. and the negro is free
hut his cpndition Ia NOT what the groat majority
them -anticpatsdi nor will IL be for many lon
year TO come, most probably never. While in ser
lvitude, both adults and children, an average
cost The farmer eight dollars per month each 70
their maiutainAnce, and this, too, when the pann
ton supplies were bought or produced in bulk, an
and at much lower figures than the same stapl
lafticlcs can be purchased for now. AT this tim
fthe freedmen throughout the farming districts
lthe South are not earning an average of eigh
[lollars per month; sud they haye to deduct for al
Host time, pay for their own ciothing and medica
Treatment, purchase their own supplies, and hav
the cares Of their families upon them, which the
lneSer did or had before then they have to conten
with the high prices prevailing and the uncertan
y Of steady employment, They begin to lear
dow thst1t Hope told fattcring tale" and are ]
! many very many instances returning to their ol
homts, aud begging their former owners to tax
then back agan. The request Is in many ii
stances granted, but In many Il Is refused, beeaus