The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-02-13

pocket to buy farm or start in business.
The French I'm Mexico-Schemes of MAXI
MILAN and Duke Gwin.
The news from Mexico, which we published
few days ago, shows that, SO far from that ooun-
try being pacifed by the new regime, the flames
Of war are fiercely raging throughout the whole
of the provinces of the South, and that the en-
pire is now passing through the worst part
Of its crisis. The withdrawal Of part OF
the French expeditionary corps has weakened
the hands Of the new Emperor and his gene
rails, while it has given corresponding en-
couragement and energy to the national re-
publican party. Active hostilities, which had
apparently been suspended for time, have
been resumed with more violence and vigor,
and guerilla bands are reported ravaging the
land in every direction. Unfortunately this
mode of warfare falls just as heavily upon the
mass of poor Mexicans as it does upon the
invader, but it appears that tits only in this way
that the scattered French garrisons can be
reached at all. War has been declared by the
followers of Juarez against every Frenchman in
Mexico, whether bearing arms or not, and the
execution of every one captured has been
unanimously decreed. In fact the situation OF
affairs is far from being agreeable to the par
tisans Of the empire. So serious do these
things present themselves to the minds of Mar
shall Bazaine, the French Commander-in-C Chief,
that he has sent request to his imperial mas
ter, Napoleon the Third that no more Of the
French army be Withdrawn from Mexico for the
present. In tho meantime the bold and def
ant attitude of Porfirio Daz at Oajaca has COM
PEELED him to leave the capital-as we before
satcd-to take personal command of the i'm
perial forces now beleaguring that city, and
where the Mexican chief is preparing for de-
fence.
These combined and resolute movements of
the Mexicans go strongly to show that they
have neither despaired of tho republic nor OF
the means at their disposal to larass the in
vader until he is compelled to seek safety in
flight. The spirit which animated Hidalgo, and
the fathers of Mexican Independence, seem to
be identical with that which now governs the
marked hostility of the people to everything
that is French. With Macmillan alone they
could easily deal but it is tho armed forces
of France, and the threatening sbps-of-war at
SACRIFICES, which plainly show that "tbere is
power behind the throne greater than the
throne ITSELF" France is, in fact, the head and
front OF the whole offending, so far as this
broad farce of an empire is concerned. Maxi
milan is but a poor tool in the hands of the
astute Emperor Of the French, and in the gene
raj crash which is surely at hand in Mexico,
however innocent and harmless he may be, he
must be the greatest sufferer
There is another point in our correspondence
from Havana which is deserving of some atten-
ton We find it there stated that Doctor or
Duke Gwin-just as he may please to call him
sclf-had arrived at Havana on his way to
Europe, and while there took great care to in
form the correspondents Of the newspapers that
he had received no honors from Macmillan,
nor was it the intention Of his imperial Majesty
to cede any Of the rich territory of Sonora,
Chihuahua and other States TO the Emperor of
the French.
Now this Gwin is rather slippery fellow,
and the very fact of his taking so much trouble
to mslead the world as to his real designs Is
to us proof positive that he is engaged in some
strange and unwarrantable scheme. We
know that so long ago as the month Of June
last he arrived at Vera Cruz and Immediately
started for the city of Mexico, there to con-
suit with the emperor Of the Mexicans"
What brought him therei Was it merely
curiosity? What kept him there until now,
that he suddenly reappears in Havana on his
way to Europei And what has been the mean
ing of his conferences and condolences with the
brother Of General Beauregard, whom be has
left behind to look after the welfare of his new
ducal possessions And, finally, what sudden
emergency now takes him to Europes
We have always held to the theory that by
the attempt to establish an empire in Mexico,
the Emperor Napoleon hoped to reap great
advantages for France and for the perpetuation
Of his dynasty. A vast and unfailing gold
bearing country is one Of the dcsidorata which
he has rs yet been unable to control. In Mex
leo it is ready at his hand. In the bowels
Of tho land which, it is said, has been ceded to
him there are inexhaustible sources of wealth.
For years to come those aurifcrous and argenti-
ferrous deposts-to say nothing Of the teeming
pearl fisheries of Lower California-would sup
ply perennial stream of revenue to the fall
ing Golfers of the imperial treasury. All that
would be needed are men and means to de-
velopc the riches Of the earth, and ships to
bear them across the ocean, and the idea of the
Third Napoleon would be fully accomplished.
And who can doubt that such o result would
prove, beyond doubt that his Mexican expe-
dtion would, in truth, be one Of the grandest
acts Of his reign? In this, We have reason TO
believe, lies the true response to oil inquiries
concerning the movements Of the new duke.
But there are two sides to every story. When
Louis Napoleon made his calculation to sub
vert the Mexican republic he like all the other
| leaders of European opinion, virtually sup