, 1865-08-12

acre th1n Dearne.e OF Market These arc
Iowa, In oats, and Texas, in pot1toez. or |
course, IN u few years the exhaustlug mode |
Of farming Will Boon transfer the srperiority !
In these two crops to States having markets
within Themselves. The reason for this In
crease offsrt1itJ as the produc=r approaches |
The consumer, and fix se7sa, IL indi- |
Gated In the following from the -1nseria1a |
Encyclopedia (Art- Agricultural Chemistry: !
at has lenR been settled fact In nzricu1ture,
that the greatest return from the soil is generally
sseufed, not By eontinueualy growing one plsnt, |
even fhorgh It command the highest market |
ps,ce, hut By Al altes CT rotation o. ctopz.
There II no dimeolty II cuiivating any sgr:cul'n-
,al plant succeteive1y for my number Of yea1s on
the easns ground, provided enough be expanded /
to put The toli into the right hysieal krd chem1
csl condition. Bnt such procedure Is usually !
more expensive than alternating the crops. When
4 light yireIn sol1 cones under the hand Of the |
farmer, 1t yields good crops for few years, hut
thin subeades to 4 low stale OF psoduettvenets.
At ntst II rnsy hava yielded whcat; whenno 1ocg.e
atle 10 support that crop 1t may enil give fair
crops Of barley; the next Jcar II put to turnips
Ct potatoes it may seem 70 recover Its fertility
somewhat, md produce good burden OF roots;
brt now It woa1d not yield agsin good crop ol
whezt, thoueh probably clover Hon,d dprrith On
and partly In the plants themselves; As for the
eel it, composition and texture Afe p1petually
changing. The qu1ntity Of organic matter e..
pocia1ly rapidly dlminlsnes when the enu
Ia under cultivation. and the ; soluble
mineral mstters are, in most casea, removed BY
cropping taster than supplied BY wetthertng or
d,sintegtAuo7, A. for cultivated p.antt, praet,ctl
men hxye caatsed them according 10 theiz demands
OF The Eo1, ~ follows: EnrtrhtnK e1pps, clover.
laeeru sna egprszetts. con e1hausttnE crops,
pess and beans also, cereals. when cut green.
Exhausing crops, cereals, beete, tu.1ips carrots
| and potatoes. Very exhsusttng crops, tobac:o,
aaz. hemp and hops. Among the csuses OF the
different e1hausttng eject Of various pima, arc
the folloEiug:-1. Different extent or structure
Cd 1oot4 and leaves. The enyiehtng crops expoee
to the air m enormous eurface Of toltsgr, md
throw cut very long, large md numerous roots.
The cereals hare much less leaf md root tu1f&ee.
2, Different fapt6tsy Of growth. Clover and root
csops continue In foliage during the whole tea
scn, while the. cereals Tipen In July or AuRnst.
| s. Periods or erf.es OF gfowth !; reed production
Plants which 11pcn seed require better sol1 than
those which only pfodues foliage. bec2use the
rsptdlty Of assimilation seems 70 tnrresse VII
the reproductive function comes Into activity.
Piauts which Tipeu eeet may require Richer noll,
not because they remove more from II, but
becsnse they Feed more In given time
=. nv wh,ie o,her, 1.ave the cronna dI1ed y, +
an enoa1nou. nasa Of roots, a. elover, OF strewp
With stalks and foliage, as she potato and beet
:. The quantity OF sth ,nEredlents removed from
he H.. ~ gu snar. ".un 10
that w., so,a rtsn.-, "a vtc1d rrmnn.,srsS ~
c1ope OF thai4>- rooted and qu1ck growing wheat.
n1osI sui proaaes '-xuz.aas growth OF deep.
, fcoteo' aeeaeaSeo aoa slo"'s.v"'"e clover"
The principle OF rotasaon Of crops atises
cut OF Two facts: J. Come plants draw from
the soil different elements OF fertility from
those required by others; and 2, some derive
q lar greater portion oftheir growth from the
atmosphere, In proportion to that derived
from the soil.
A proper sYstem Of rotation Of crops beirc
Indispensable TO the cultivation Of Land
without cxhaustlng Its fertility, how do tbt
Massachusetts and Illinois farmers com part
in their ability TO practice rotation Of csops
Tie bulEier the crop the surer the a1assa
clufetts farmer is Of . market A. n.sog1
mice, For instance, hay unpackcd can moi
be sent to ma, ket more ttan-iye miles, th-,e
fore he las but to compete with the farmer.
for five miles around. Potatoes may be sea1
INV bv rail 100 miles, by water $50. But /
Tie producer has market within five mile.
he 1ears as profits the whole difference BE-
TWEEN fle}ghttng his crop i've miles and
ESQ. With norton Of this die
ference he can purchase cuano asd
manure, or practice subsoll!n9. drainage
lime manu,inr and green mauurinc. aud stllj
u1de1eeu every competitor In his market.
The bulkier tbe crop and the higher the
freight On it, tbs lcsB is the area o, compet,.
ton and tie greater his command of 4he
market. Hence his lsnd IL stesdlly curlchinr.
On the other hand, In Illinois where t,,a v,st
! 1onnlat,on around him are MI eo,arad ~
ra,s,np md 4 frTnrdIn,- 1,rec,se1v w. ea,,a
c,orn he ia proaucInr. be has no market ~.
c.nt for mos cron. uh,ch IN ,rho H.. -
tween him md 1js market rannot affa1d @ ~, ~
-. n. ~. ~. ..s.,.... - A. ;. -.