davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Agents for The Caledonian.
Brief LOcals.

Judge Adds. to whom was left the ques-
ton Of the abatement of the poll tax OF our
firemen in 1864, has decided that their polls
were illegally assessed; consequently the
town will have to refund the poll tax col
lected of our tiremen last year.
Many of our sugar makers were little
late in tapping their trees this year. One
said to us a few days since that he would
probably have made 300 lbs. more sugar
had he tapped his orchard Friday the 18th,
instead of Tuesday the Dist.
Richard w. Peabody, Esq, of Coventry,
has purchased the Ephraim Chamberlin
place, and will, we learn. soon move here.
Mr.. Chamberlin, with his family, leaves for
his new home at Lincoln, ILL.,, to-day.
Among the fourteen men drafted
in Peacham is Captain Alvin Hartman.
He proposes to report in person; and
to that end he is now making arrangements
to sell his farm and stock. The captain has
already served nine months as a soldier in
the Union army.
1t is quite amusing to read in the Mass
achusets papers that = but little maple SUI
ear will be made in Vermont this year on
account of the sudden advent of spring."
The farmers in this county have not had a
better run OF sap these five years than that
of the present week; and most of them are
boiling night and day, and yet cannot keep
up with the great - rum" Thursday morn
inc has opened rainy, and sap weather is O.
Yer for the present.
brigham Pike, Esq, of Waterford,
sent us box of grasshoppers the 23d inst.
that were as - lively as crickets.' Whether
these insects at this season betOken All early
spring or an early peace. we do not know :;
but we hope for both.
A letter from the Frontier Cavalry in
forms us that on Wednesday night of last
week there were indications of a raid on
that place The cavalry were prepared for
the emergency. but nary raider appeared.
The break in the Passumpsic railroad
at Barnet has been repaired, and both
passenger and freight train run through as
usual.
Mr.. Vim. A. Robinson of the senior
class at Bangor. has accepted a call to the
Congregational church at Barton.
There is much religious interest in Rev.
G.N. Webbers church at Lowell, Mass.
Rev. Ezra Z. Adams. once dear friend
at Lyndon, now settled at Philadelphia
wrote a hymn which was sung at the for.
tieth anniversary of the settlement of Rev
Nah'l BOutOn. d. D.. over the North Church
at Concord. n. H.. on Thursday OF last
week. 1t was entitled = Forty Years" anC
the opening stanzas were:
With their labOrs, hopes and fears,
With their raptures and their tears,
Gone into the silent spheres
Forty years!
Laud the Pastors work to-day,
Who to such as went astray,
Pointed out the better way
Forty years!
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31


res, including poetry, SIX CENTS a line.
In this town, March 25 Mrs Martha P, aged
"a. wife of Mr.. Henry Hill
In Waterford, March I. Miss Olive Bugbee,
aged TO-
In Wheelock, March 10, Mrs. Mary Morrill,,
wife of the late Abner Morrill,, aged IS.
In lrasburg March 9, Mrs. John Pope, aged
A.. March IL, Mrs. Sarah Persons, aged 4
In hospital at Montpelier, March !, of chronic
dlarrhGa. Thomas Hyde, of Barton, Co. ID, 4th
VI. Vols. aged 81. &. =. March l.. of chronic
diarrhTa. Carlos NJ Cobb. of Albany. Co. F, 18th
VI. Vol, aged % =. March Is, of chronic
diarrhTa complicated with pneumonia, James
Aylward. CO. +. 18th Vt. Vols, aged 80.
In st. Johnsbury March %, of consumption,
at the house of her uncle, ID ID. Webster, Almeda
r. Marsh, of Hardwick, aged is years.
Dear friend we miss thy presence here,
But thy spirits with the blest.
There thou shalt met Thy parents dear
And with them ever rest.
Thy sister, too, though gone before,
Shall Join YOU in that land.
And on fair Canaan happy shore
BE united band.
Bereft of all you held so dear,
The Youngest Of the twain.
Yet YOU shall sound the notes as clear,
In that mcludious strain.
OBITUARY.
In Waterford, March Is, Benjamin Hutchin-
son. aged 81 years
Long has been his suffering. which he bore
with christian patience. A number of weeks be-
fore his death he asked for the prayers of others
and sought the favor of God. feeling in want of
dying grace. which trust he obtained which en-
abled him to triumph over death. He passed
lost kind and obliging neighbor. his family an
irreparahle loss. but may they De sustained with
the thought that his sufferingS are DER
Peaceful be his gentle SAUNDERS,
Peaceful in his grave 50 low
He n0 more will Join our rumber,
IL no more or grief will know
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31

among the rebels was very much like that
of others who have suffered from their in
fernal barbarity. only being an officer he
was never herded with over fifteen or six
teen hundred in a camp at one time; and
he also had the privilege and means of buy
ing sufficient food to Keep body and soul to-
gether. This privates could not do. 1t.
R. was transferred from one prison house
to another, being in Libby, Columbia, Ma
con, and some three weeks under fire of
Union guns in Charleston jail.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31

F0W.-Western. S?:25 to $50
POrh.-Prme, $500; Mess, $500 to $50, 90
to 00,O0.
Beet.-Sls,OO to 300. Lard. Il to 20 Hams
20 to p. Hogs, dressed. IL to IS
BmtT.-aO to "A Cheese. IS to "A. Eggs, 90
to 30 Potatoes, 200 to 3,2j. Dried dpple, IL to
-.
BeanS.-S3,oO to so Peas, $40 to 600
Herds grass Seed.-S6, 90 to $50. Clorer. "a to
%.
Starch 10 to II. Taiio.r. - to l6
UoOk-Full Blood Merino. O,6jto So: Three
fourths blood, 0.93 to 0,95; Half-blood O,S5 to
900; Common. 0.15 to 0,90
LIS to $50.
HOpS-3j to 43
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Died IN Prison.

In Libby Prison, Richmond, Jan. 25,
Chas. P. Varnum, of 1st Vt. cavalry, aged
q years. Young Varnum enlisted last
August, and was captured Oct. Z, one week
after reaching his regiment, and taken to
Libby Prison. After suffering three and
one-half months there, he died the night
after he was paroled. His death adds one
more to the long list of those who have
willingly given all for their country's sake.
Jonas G. Varnum, the twin brother of
Charles P, and both of whom were men,
bers of Co. F, 10Th Vt. regiment, died at
Peachaln, July II. They were sons of John
and Fatima Varnum of Peacham. In the
space of one year and four months, six
members of this family have been taken
from them: four by diptheria in the fall of
1868, in four weeks; two sons since, one at
home, the other far from home and friends
in rebel prison.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Fire..

Early Saturday morning fire was discov-
cred in tin shop of Mr.. J.C. Welch on East
cln Avenue, by a man who lived in neigh
boring house. He gave the alarm, and men
with pals of water were quickly Oh the
spot. and the fire was subdued before the
engines arrived. The fire caught from a
defective fue, probably, and had been
smouldering in the floor and a bin Of rags
in the basement all night. The inside OF
The building was considerably damaged, AZ
was also the stock. The building is owned
by Mr.. IL. Il. Brown. and is insured in the
Vt. Mutual Mr. Welch's stock is insured
al Mr.. G.. $. Shaw's office in this village.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
The Draft.

Five towns in this county were subjected
to the draft last week: Barnet, Peacham.
st. Johnsbury, Walden and WheelOck. 1t
was well understood that the quotas in each
Of these towns, unless it is Peacham, would
be filled without draft, yet the authorities
went through with the form. AT the time
of the draft this town was two deficient.
four out Of the uine men put in by the Sc
lectmen having been rejected. Since the
draft two more men have been sent down
to Windsor, and if accepted our quota is fill
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Fire at !StUnSte0U.

The old post office building on Stanstead
Plain was consumed by fire on the night of
the 2lst inst. The first floor was occupied
by Mr.. II. S. Hunter as harness shop.
whose goods were mostly saved. The sec
ond floor was occupied by DR.. j. W. Hun
toon as tobacco warehouse. The DR.. had
from 5000 to $4,000 worth Of stock Oh
hand. which was a total loss. Insured for
s2'"o0 in Shaw's office. st. JOhnsbury, and
s2'ooo in the SherbrOoke Mutual. Mr..
oha" had an insurance of $500 on the
pu'iulhg' DIR. Huntoon had just gone into
Tue 'ooacco manufacture, he having raised
eighteen acres the past year.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
LiccidenfS.

A little girl about three years of age,
daughter of Mr.. n. NJ. johnson of Railroad
street, fell down stairs last Sabbath, receiv-
ing as it was feared at the time very serious
injury. After lying in an unconscious state
some hours she revived. and it is now be-
lieved she will recover without permanent
injury. little son of Mr.. Beauman
Butler of this town got scalded about the
head with hot syrup last week on Wednes-
day. but the injury is not serious.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
From Rebel Prisons.

We We're gratitied to meet on Thursday
1t. Richards of West Concord. just from
rebel prisons. It. r. is of Co. A. 18th reg
iment, and was captured. with so many 9TH
er Vermont soldiers. on the Weldon railroad
the Oath of June. 1t. Richards experience
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31

ing in action June l. 1864. Oscar Maxsaw.
E. Sth-(probably Oscar Markham, who was
WAGNER of that company Amos Trual
(Truell.) c. Intercepted missing in ac-
ton Sept 30, 81. Felix Talley (valley,) 1,
18th.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Subjects of DiscOurses, March &c

Subjects Of DiscOurseS, March 26.
North Congregational Church; preaching
at 30 A. NJ. and $50 P. NJ. Sabbath School
at Las. P. NJ. Morning: Rev. VIM. W.
Thayer gave an interesting account of his
experience and observations while labOring
tor the Christian Commission at Washington
the past winter. Mr.. Thayer will return
to Washington the present week to continue
in the work he loves so WELL and for which
he seems so well adapted. Evening; Rev.
E. c. Cummings: Peter then denied again:
and Immediately the cock crew." Is John
y.
South Congregational Church; preach
ing service at 1870 A. NJ. and l.45 P. NJ.
Sabbath School at II NJ. Morning; Rev. l..
0. BrastOw; Il have glOritied thee on the
earth: have finished the work which thou
gavest me to do" II John 4. Afternoon
Rev. E. c. Cummings; = TO the one we are
the SAVIOUR of death unto death; and to the
other the SAVIOUR of life unto life. And who
is sufficient for these things: &c. I'd Cor.
Is, II.
Methodist Church; preaching service at
1890 A. NJ. and 1.45 P. NJ. Sabbath School
at u NJ. Quarterly meeting. Morning
Rev. A. 7. Billiard, presiding elder; Nov
when John heard in the prison the works
of Christ. he sent two of his disciples. &c
II Mat. %. Afternoon; "Having there.
fore, brethren, boldness to enter into the
hottest by the blood of Jesus, Sc. 10 Heb
| 1919
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
OHILDREN'S FRIEND!
PERRY'S WORM TEA

Worms found in the human body; also certain
cure for Worm Fits, " orm Fever, Tenesmus, &c.
Possessing in its combination eminent cleansing
and strengthening properties, it. use will always
improve the health of the patient, whether i'm
paired by worms or other causes.
PRICE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS.
Prepared only BY JOHN A. PERRY, Chemist.
Boston. Mass. Sold BY NJ. S, BURR & Co, Is
fremont Street, Boston, and by all druggists
B.-Sent BY mail on receipt of price by ai-
dressing JOHN A. PERRY, Box Sill Boston
Post Office. 1852
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
PATENTED

And authorizes all retailers to give NEW PAIRS
in every instance where any radical defect ap-
pears in the stock OF work, if the Boot or Shoe
has not been worn to that extent that it would be
unreasonable to expect new pair. If but little
worn, new pairs will be given WITH PLEASURE.
Now make sure thing of it by buying none
but those with the COD MANS WAR
RANT on them. and starve out the Retailers of
Shoddy. This is the first instance in his history
of the trade that you have had a chance, on
large scale, to show you want good article and
are willing TO STAND BY man Who will WAR
RANT HIS GOODS and LIVE Up 10 IT.
Will you Stand by and Sustain the
God Man!
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Pendulum Clock Escapement


Takes this opportunity of informing the public
that he is now prepared to alter all kinds of Pen
dulum Clocks into this Escapement on short
notice. All who have clocks that do not operate
as they should, would do well to bring them in
and have them altered. at once, into the Detateh-
ed Pendulum All Clocks so altered WAR
RANTED. The cost of altering does not usual
ly exceed that of repairing wi bout altering This
Escapement has been thoroughly tested and
found TO be superior in every respect to any yet
brought to the notice Of the public. A clock
with this Escapement may be seen in operation
at the store of c. G. CHILDs, who alone has the
right for Caledonia county.
B-(:alvaniZing with Gold or Silver On
watch cases. chains or any other articles Of Jewell
~.
q Mark your Clothing-Stencil Plates and
Ink for marking your names legibly upon your
clothing, can De found at my store
j. Repairing Watches, &c. done veil and
warranted. &. c. CuILDS,
AT St. Johnsbury, Vt.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
Listers MeetinQ.

Listers Meeting.
AT meeting of the listers of the several
towns in this county, held at St. Johnsbury
the 18th inst, E. Woodruff, Esq, was
elected chairman and L. c. Mathews, Esq,
secretary. The following was agreed upon
as proper rate of appraisal of personal
nrOnartv.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
THE GALE DON IA n.
LOCAL AND STATE ITEMS.

- We r,.dc,vor 10 make Inl CALEDoSIAS valuable
f - 5,q ler. aud our friends in Caledonia Essex and
urlclus counties will confer great favor 10 us and
Alb very materially the interest Of the paper by ending
II. oc.. items in q brief legible form.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
r 1 R E!
4 TRUE STORY.

gentleman from Boston in visiting his friend
who owns a nice. well-stocked farm IN our
neighbnrhood, was invited n look o1rr the prem
lses; and after examining Inc nice fat hogs in
their Toomy sty. the sleek looking COWS with thcir
bags # gold the beautiful horses, oxen and
other stock, they came TO the sheep pasture.
where was nice flock of abou, 800 sheep among
them splendid buck valued al a thousand dol
lars Said he, How warm they must he, how soft
and comfortable their feeees look Yes, said the
farmer they are that but after your leng walk out
here In the fields, rather guess you VIII think
that the lounge you probably noticed IN
sitiing-room Is soft and comfortable l bought
il of CASINO. an 81 JohnS5urr Plain, few
months since. and | think that that LOUNGE
and the SPRING MATTRESSES, with which
have just furnished my house, to be about the
best investment ever made eStf.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
A PPEAL TO THE PEOPLE.
ARE YOU READY
FOR THE QUESTION +!

T 81 E COD MAN
Wishes to make you a proposition. He has
BOOTS AND SHOES to sell you through the medi-
UNI of your Retail Stores If he will truly and
and faithfully supply you with
WARRANTED BOOTS AND SHOES,
and will make good the warrant to you, will you
not sustain him by buying the same He puts
his warrant and Trade Mark,
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
ADDISON COUNTY,

The Middlebury Register says that Geo.
Whittemore. a lad of four years. on Tues
day of last week, fell into the river about
forty rods above the falls in that village. and
foated down nearly to the falls,-all the
way under the ice.-and was taken out
alive by Chas. Buyer. who CHANGED to see
him fall in. A wonderful escape, truly.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
DEATHS,

Births, Marriages and Deaths inserted FREE. Obtua
ries, including poetry, SIX CENTS line.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
BENNINGTON COUNTY.

Quite an extensive land slide occurred on
the night of the 10Th inst, on premises
owned by Hon. j. 5. Pettibone. in Manches
ter. About one acre of a hill moved from
its place to the depth of from ten to twenty
five feet, and deposited itselfOn the slope
and meadow below.
Harrison Prindle of Manchester ha1been
appointed paymaster in the army. He was
months service.
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
CHITTENDEN COUNTY.

Hon. Daniel Roberts of Burlington has
been unanimously recommended by our
delegation in congress to Secretary McCul-
loch for the position of special agent of the
treasury department for New England
What are the duties of the especial agent
of the treasury department in New Eng
land -? Is the office mere sinecurewith
good salary?
The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1865-03-31
BOSTON MARKET.-March %,

He no more will Join our rumber.
He no more o,.r grief viii know.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1865-03-15
By TUESDAY MORNINGS NAIL.


LATEST FROM THE KfNsToN FRONT. .
We learn from a gentleman who has
Just arrived from kinston. that our forces
held that place IS late AS Sunday evening,
and that our Generals did not fall back
irom their position, below Kinston. on &C
count OF any reserses TO our arms as has
been reported; sut. Tor the reason That q
column of the enemy was reported to be
moving IRON Wilmington upon their flank
This report appears mot 80 have been well
founded. for. W the latest and must reiia-
BILE accounts. there we're no Yankee troop,
north OF Magnslis. ON the Wilminstsu
road.
The sbuve facts are well authenticated
and shauld relieve. our citizens ifnm thai
sniur excitement which numerous iafs,
reports have caused. Confederate.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1865-03-15

The CHATHAM r. II. Coat the meet
ing Of the Stockholders Of the Chatham r.
n. Co., held on I'd ult.. Geo. W. Mordecai,
ESQ.,, was appointed Chairman. and w. w.
vsss, Esq, Secretary.
The following we're elected Directors
Kemp P. Battle, Esq, Hon. John NJ. More
head, DR.. w. J. Hawkins, Col. j. M.
Heck, Thos. Webb. Esq. Elias Bryan.
Esq.
Alta meeting of Directors subsequently,
held Kemp p. Battle, Esq. was re. elected
President. w. w. Vass, ESQ.,. is Treasu-
rer Of the Company.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1865-03-15
W Ar NEW

Neither Kinstnn ar 6"ldssornngb had
been occupied by the enemy up to Sunday
night. The enemy mad appeared 80 The
s"ulh side Of the river opposite knsi"n,
but had not entered the town. Gentlemen
Who left Goldsberough Sonds, night re-
port all as being quiet there on int day.
and M enemy knawn to be advancing ON
the plare.
We have seen innng man belonging 10
our army vim lrii F-,rtfr,ilc 9Th the
army, and De ssys that sur forces arr all
,sS back this Wy. and ne thinks the emmy
are ioIla&ing. Aporti"n Of Shrrman.s az
nv Vas ihosgh' TO be moving up towards
Egypt, With lie intention. il va thought.
If striking lhr North Carolina Railroad
between this CITY sad JIreenshorough,
There was ma fighting Al or br,oni Fay,
rits,illr. except skir'nIshIn-. aud our ~.
fnrmant ihink. The town sustained bUi lit
lie dsasge. The bridge near The town
MS burnt ~ our inrces. Prssrsss.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1865-03-15

But justice to them reqsres Steiner admar;,;o.
to those who have abandoed their comrades II ~.
hour 81 peril.
A last opportunity is ofted them to wilma an, Il !.
disgrace and escape the punishment Of their crime.
By authority Of the President of the Conteds,.,.
States, pardon announced to such deser,ers : "a
men tempropey absent ball return to the cow.
mands to which they belongwithin the shortes, nos
sihle time, not exceeding tsnty days from the nnhl;
cation ofthis ORDER at the h,jquarters Of the
ment in which they may be-.
Those wha may be prevaed BY interruption AZ
communications, may report thin the time spec6a5
10 the nearest enrolling ofctor other officer on d.-
", to be forwarded a. soon apractcable and unon
presenting certificate fionsucb officer showing
compliancs with this reqairaent, will receive ,bs
pardon hereby offered
Those who have deserted 10 Aseryice ofthe enan,v
o. who have deserted after hips been once p..don.
ed for the same offence. tdse who shall desert,
OF absent themselves wthot athorty after the pub
LEGATION Of this order, DIRE tcded from its benefits.
Nor does the ofer Of pardn ktend to other offences
than deserton and absencwhout permission.
By the same au,horily,t iIalso declared that no
general amnesty will agai h&ranled. and those who
refuse to accept the parda nig offered. or who shall
hereafter desert or absenihhselves without leave.
shall suffer such punishfsntEs the Courts may i'm
pose, and no appIicationsr emcncy will be enter
tanned.
Taking new resoIutia FIN the fate which pur
enemies intend Cor US, eiry man devote all his
energies TO the communicates.
| Our resources. wisc al vigorously employed,
are ample, and with blvsrmy. sustained by de-
termined aud united pePl@uccess swith Gods as
sistance, cannot be doubtful
| The advantages the eemwill have but little vale
if we do not permit thin impair our resolution.
Lei u, then, oppose castafy to diversity fortiude
70 suffering. and courae toanger, with the firm ss-
surance that He who pve eedem To oui fathers will
bless The efforts OfIheichifen to preserve H.
r. E. LEE, General,
4 s.sU "a m IF
Enrolling Officers ri bike every effort TO give
! publicity 10 this inprtad order, and win urge all
good citizens of therresftive counties % nd them
4 in rendering its desin stfessful.
II will be observedhal bis is the last offer OF par
don FOR the infamau Grim OF deserion that will be
made. Enrolling 0ieriare made responsible uu.
der a penalty OF inl hiCourl Martial, that every
possible effort is nile il apprehend all such as do
not report themseys.
Recruiting Officei wiIallow such as report thcra,
selves within the spciis tine 10 90 direct 70 their
commands. furnshE thin transportation and the
necessary certificate
i A duplicate Of Gerry qaifcate thus given win be
forwarded 10 this flee.
By order olhe en- nanllnt.
4 E. HARDING, A1jutant.
II March L. S5-2u
February 20. e4-Cr
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1865-03-15

The CuLTuRg OF SoRRow.--Neariy all
sorrow, while i lasts. depressss action,
destroys hope, and brushes energy; but it
renders the sensitiveness more acute, the
sympathiss more genial, and the whole
character less sclfish and more considsrate.
Ii is said that IN nature. bu, for the coca
sienai seasons Of drought, the best landr
would sooH degenerate; bur these seasons
cause the lands 10 suck up from the cur
reuts beneath. with the moisture, all those
mineral manpres th,t restore and fer,ilize
the soil above. 1t is thus with sickness
and with sorrow; once surm0antrd. they
fertilize the character and Develop fram
the deep fountains of the human heart q joy
aud lruItiulness not other~lse attained.