The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1865-11-04
Part Third.
THE NOTIFICATIONS JUICE UNDERGOE:
CONTINUED from cur last.

Part Third.
THE NOTIFICATIONS JUICE UNDERGOES.
The notifications juice suffers during the work
Of extraction as done in this colony, are inherent
IN the nature itself of this liquid, or take their
us. under the influence of exterior agents.
Some are ut times useful, but more often contra
~ u the proposed aim Of the manufacturer
Others are always produced in a manner to
Ubviate certain inconvenience and to direct reg
uIarly the march Of manufacture.
Ny marrow limits does not permit me to give
place here the history Of all these notifications
which. in order t. be described IN detail, requires
at least double the space devoted To the different
PARTS Of this memoir.
I limit myself to bringing forward again the
influence exercised upon juice sugar by the d.
verse matters which have been more particularly
the object Of observations which | have presented
in the preceding columns.
| do not repeat what | have already said on
the subject of microscopic examination OF gran
ulary matter and the power it possesses to pro-
duce fermentation, in Il very short time, of Juice
extracted from the healthiest canes.
But it Is here | ought to recall the re:..arkable
differences developed fermentation communicates
10 the juice through the divers azote substances
which the liquid naturally contains. We know
that sugar submitted to fermentation furnishes
some products which are not always alike, and
the decOmpositions, 10 which it then gives place,
depend upon the ferment employed OF, what
amounts to the SAINT thing, the substance which
has been the origin of the ferment. The azOte
substances of the Juice which Is comprised in the
above three categOries, and which we have de-
siguated by the names granulary matter, albumi-
nous matter, and cOagulable matter by alcohol,
possess tine property Of producing fermentation
of the liquid but the three do not act with the
same energy, and one OF them alone is able To
produce alcoholic fermentation, properly called,
whilst the other two (albumin and matter coag-
ulable by alcohol and not cOagulable by heat)
give birth at the same time, of acid products
and are much more slow IN their action. Gran
ulary matter y then the origin Of teTmcnt the
most active which Is developed in cane Juice in
contact with the oxygen Of the air, and besides
II holds. III Il more particular manner, under is
control the transformation Of sugar into alcohol
and into caTbunic acid. This remark has con
Quoted me u an application of which the dis
tiIlcFs will be able u appreciate the utility, it Is
the mixing Of a small quantity OF scum taken
from the surface of boiling juice with sirOTs
which ferInent with difficulty. The eranulIry
matter which this scum contains produces Il fer
mentation that no ordinary means would have
produced. For the present | shall not dwell
iuOr- upon those divers particulars. Besides /
believe the important part played by this sub
stance III colonial fabrication has been sufficiently
traced and the great advantage shown that
would result from its elimination from juice just
ia u leaves the mill Upon this subject ! have
pOinted out the process, and without doubt
would render 4 great service TO colonial sugar
industry II put III practice by skiiiful mechanics.
AAt ~ AA AANN 1919 sAAA ~ p vi
complex azOte matter. which We have described
above, is II fact which up 10 the present time has
not Sufficiently fixed the attention Of sugar
planters, and which merits meanwhile to be
studied with very special Care-aS | have shown,
it is 70 this substance that must be attributed
the viScous cOusIstencc Of the juice and that
alteration or fermentation called viscous of which
the cause has been differently understood by
authors.
Tue presence, IN considerable quantity in
sirop, of q body SO deliquescent, is an obstacle
10 the capitalization of sugar in which, besides,
it pTUvOkes fermentation with rapidity when L
sufficient proportion of water Is added 10 the
sugar (GqUeuT suucrGc). 1t Is essential 10 remark
that up 10 the present time no agent employed
in colonial fabrication acts upon this substance
which almost all escapes, and is concentrated
more and more IN the liquids under our present
system of working it, The employ of an agent
capable Of prccipItating or separating this vlscOUs
matter from the siTOp, would doubtless augment
much the production Of sugar. Alcohol, which
Is obtained - cheaTly in this colony, would find
in chat. | believe, 4 more useful application. An
idea Of the proportion III which this matter
augme1ts IN being concentrated in the sirOps,
can be formed. if the last column of the second
table next week. Is consulted. 1t viii be
seen that the figures which represent 1t follow 4
rapid progression, and that they are raised = or
: times higher for the third sirOps than TO the
clairec ut % BeaumG.
IL Will be equally seen by examining the first
column how a progressive increase follows the
quantity OF saline matters belonging TO different
sirops- These two species Of substances do not
suffice 1T all times To explain the resistance which
oppose capitalization Of siroIs produced under
certain circumstances. The presence of glucose,
in small or large quantity, i q very active cause
Of poor results in HYHideS SucTt undergoing man
u~facture- This glucose or sucrc interyerti Is the
stumbling block Of colonial industry, and the
source of the principle difficulties against which
the planter has increasingly to struggle We
have established in the most evident manner that
sugar liquid (mola>ses) Is not, Is generally SUP
posed, a product of the alteration of the cane,
but rather = primordial part of its organization,
and that its abundance was in proportion 70 the
di-tance of the plant from It's period of develop
meut. We have also proved that when the
body Of ripe cane contains only slight traces OF
it, the superior portion or head contains on the
contrary . notable quantity and that the whole
cause producing an anomalous vegetation was
that which caused the Tcappearance of this sub
stance in the plant after that, one may conclude
that l6yuIcse always exists in juice generally
worked and the latter Is found there i'll q higher
quantity in proportion as the canes worked are
less ripe, that it belongs to the more humid
localities. and that it IS ! located in larger guam
titles ~ it more nearly approaches the green
leaves.