Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1865-06-16
Lessons OF the War. No. s.

oHen clscussed- n 70 TIE relative rights OF
the federal ard State Governments. II
the Convention Which framed the GO ns itu-
ton. this matter vas FOR long time sgifs-
ted and debated With great Vigo-. APow-
erfol party beaded BY AleNsnder IIsnilton
commended that NE should hsse a strong
gOveraDent. n President ard Senate elect
81 for life; ~hiis smother party took the
opposite extreBe. in favor of reservin-
large rights 70 the several States. Ahsr
the matter -as settled IN the general Con
vesfion. Il -ss warmly debated in nearly
all the Stale Conventions. uPos +. question
Of a reeti6catiOn Of The Consultation BY the
States There las bees = great deal q dis
eussiOn upon this matter ever since Ia
vs direcsly involved m the secession resO-
lutions Of John c Calhoun. by hirs intro
dsced / ni0 The United States Senate nearly
thirty years ago. Since that time parties
have widely differed in their construction
Of the COssiaution IN relation TO the rsla-
tive pouers o. the federal and State Cow
eroDents- A majority Of the irading poll
tieHsns Of the South had isbibed the doe
trinss Of Calhoun upon State rights. To
such an extreme had tbey carried then. thai
when they ooranenccd the work Of open -
beison. hey eOnsended THAI State had
night uncer the Constitation 20 sscrsle froua
the union; in other ~oris. thar STATE GOV
eminent vas Independent Of the general
government To make their logic hola.
they vent further and declared both an and
out Of Coogress. that tie general govern
meat had no constitutional righ; 20 ooeros n
State back. Tbis d0ctrine - subv-rsire II
al order, vas four and Eve years ago.
strongiy advocated By leading p0liiicia-. IN
the democratic party in the northern States.
We vel remember hearing Gen. Sicklcs Of
New York. rake a speech In the S6th Con-
gress. advocating the extreme southern
ground upon this question Other lealine
democrats in that Congress did tbs .au~
thing Democratic newspaper IN the North
ehTmed IN. and Tor While "a seemed 70 be
ae@oTaf'e ste1. tia; the general govern
Dent Vas a mere rope Of sand Nth 20 CO.
ercioa poser 10 bold itself Together for
single nOaent- james Bachanan advanced
theory IN his last message TO Congress. snd
has irends sad be 81 criel~ over Lis insbili-
~ under the constitution 10 head OF The in
eiPieat Steps OF the rebellion. To .uch an
extent bad tbs political hercsv hsen ins,;U-
Cd iuto The heads ard hearts o. the -eoni~
thar Eothing bat the arbitration o. arm.
eooid bring the seoessionists both north
and sosih. 10 their senses. The ch-ck pot
uPon The traitors BY Gen. Jackson. IN 1855.
IN has serce attacks upon the nulliEers and
upon IN EhesiiOn Itself. baked % bv Dan.
sci Webster. and other eminent s,stesr,-,
then an Congress. had ceased % exert an in
r0enoe over the rebel mind. The election
Of Lincoln vas seiEed upon a. an excuse
oy the secessioaisis. 20 Try this great que.-
ton involving the life Of the government.
by the force Of arms
VIA has been made a natter q discu.-
sion for mc-c tia n eighty vears. has been
.bsaiiy settled by the war Of the REBELLION
IL Is great grAtiseatioa 10 the old. tri.d
Trends Of the union. vbo have been for
wears and years battling against ihis per-
nieious theory. 10 kno~ that the right has
fnally triumPhed. The absurd ia.a TIA,
sosera@ent has no righi 70 protect itss n
against traitors and fe0eis. against rebellion
AID treason. wiil never sgai1 froablc ff.-
American people. II has received such a
terrible rebEke in this war. that no nan IN
his senses Ill ever again venture 60 adro.
cate u. The settlements Of this Question is
agreat trisUPA Tor republican institutions
80 long - - ~ss sgitsied. "a nece.ssrsiv
become = great disturbing element IN the
government AID O. vas a her,sv fraarhf
viib more danger 90 the government. than
any and al o.hers thar have been started
sinoe ~ foundaiion. - long - che rlgsf
OF the governm-nt 10 sarc 80 o--a hfs ~
made quesiioa. it carricd danger 9TH r.
wherever q ~enf- Every patriot 49, i. u
the elements Of dcstrsction. tl.st u-i-.. 4,
could Be overcome ~ the Geld Of arruuert
70 woald Of necessity have 70 Je ultimately
settled On tbe Geld Of battle TIE Esbi-
con = passed Tie Souih oun % fhst
thsy have been fairly whipped and subja-
gated. that they have been cosroef INTO a
recognition Of the power All authority %
ne general government. tLai STATE rights
when PLACED in autagoai.ru 18th the federal
government must yieid. It b. roe oniv q
lesson % ibo America people brt a, the
governments II THE OH World. The, see
IN ihe dee's'on Of tbs question he ,-.,-,- Of
arcpublic. not Only io defend itself srs.-.t
ioreign foes. boz against traitors and rebels
a. bone that altbough chs. b. eorcmmrn,
Of tbe people. yet % b. ths .f-o,ve.t 49,