davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19
VEST TIREINId.
BY J. X. DODGE.
(CoNTINUEp.)
THE RIVER COT MITES.

THE RIVER OUNTIIiS.
The river counties, excepting those of
the panhandle" and those south ofthe
kanaWha, are Wetzcl, Tyler, Peasants,
Wood, and jackson. They contain a
great variety of soil, from light silicious
to deep alluvial of the river bottoms,
with hill-tops ofdecomposed shales in a
large admixture Of humus, and slopes
with a sufficiency of lime and clay for
certain and heavy crops of cereals. Some
of the bottoms have Il sandy, others a
clayey subsoil. In some localities the
uplands along the Ohio river havea sandy
loan, admirably adapted to fruit and
markct-garden culture, seemingly quite
light, but of a fine and silly texture.
richly intermixed with vegetable mould.
It is II quick soil, and highly productive.
and is easily worked, but Tree, becoming
exhausted rapidly, vet easily kept Gin
heart' by annual dressings of manure.
green manuring, or other modes of fer
tilization. 1t is a soil that richly repays
the labor of the skilful and industrious
husbandman. There is a fine body of
.lch soil in Wood county, above Par
kersburg.
The counties of Tyler and Wetzel have
Il small proportion of bottom lands, ex-
cept upon the Ohio river. The streams
are small and unimportant. The hill
lands, as yet brought into cultivation to
a very limited extent, are productive,
and a very small percentage of worthless
or waste land exists.
Unlike the "PanhandIe," this section
has Il much larger amount of unimprov-
ed than improved farm lands. In Wetzel
the acres of each stand relatively: 124,-
s21 to 81, 3332 in Tyler, 80, 1914 to 81 ,922 +;
in Peasants $1,000 to 36, 79S; in Wood,
46, 1919 to "a ,2229; in Jackson, 36,457 to
i02,Ssl. This diiferencein Improvement,
with perhapsalittled difference in quality,
occasions great dimunition of the ave-
rage value, as is shown by the following
table of values and products:
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19

Oath Bill to be unconstitutional, sets
asloe his own judgment, and allows
anothcr-be that other who he may, Off
Ger or cltlzen-to decide that question
Tor him, closes the labors of his office
with the sin of perjury resting upon
him.
We repeat here what we have before
said: Any officer executing au ,ncon-
stitutional law, does it at his own peril
and it will be the officers OF elections;
that will have to bear the burthen, and
not the Governor, these officers of cleo
tons, under their oaths, are the judges
of their own duties under the Constitu-
ton of this State. One of their duties is
to admit all voters qualified by the Con-
stitution, to the privilege of voting, and
to exclude those who are unqualified,
and these last, whether challenged or
not. 1t is of the very essence Of their
Office and appointment, that they decide
these questions. They are elected, quail
flied, and sworn for this especial and
particular duty, and they cannot avoid
its performance. If their judgment isto
be interfered with, and they, by any
power whatsoever, deprived Of this au-
thority, then their election, oath and
acts, are an unmitigated farce. The
whole argument of Mr.. HALL and his
co-laborers in this work, seems to go on
the ground of lack of proper intelligence
on the part of officers of elections to fit
them to decide this question. We scout
this view as having no foundation, ex-
cept with the advocates of tho Oath Bill;
if it is true, however, it is the fault OF
the voters, rather than those elected to
the ponsible position of officers of cleo
ton, and may be cured by getting the
Legislature to pass a law saying just how
intelligent a citizen must be before he is
entitled to be voted for by his neigh
bors.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19
To be contasaueti. /
THE TEST OATH.

| We lay before our readers the follow
ing admirable extracts from an editorial
in the Kana,cho R2publican. We are
gratified to see so many of the papers OF
West Virginia waking up to the i'm
portance of the issues involved i'm the
approaching election, and entering the
lists boldly in vindication of the Coasti-
tuition of the State. If the propagation
of sound truths shall continue for a few
months longer to makea rapid progress
in this State as they have done in the
last month, the fate of hnlicolism will
be Sc 2ed.
We are willing to accord to these gen.
tlemen all the high official functions
which they claim for themselves, except
in cases where these functions, used as
the Governor and Mr.. HALL now seek
to use them, involve the high crime of
perjury, and the infection of heavy PEN
nate officers" whose duty it is to act in
the premises. The officers of elections
are sworn to support the Constitution
of this State" This is solemn appeal
to their own consciences, that, according
to their enlightened judgment, they will
stand to and abide by the solemn oath
thus taken, and this appeal they close
by solemnly invoking God to witness
the sincerity and honesty of their pur-
pose. Under these circumstances, when
this Constitution they have thus solemn
~ sworn to support, says that certain
parties designated clearly by the instru-
ment itself, "sHALI." be. permitted to
vote, the Governor and Attorney Gen.
eral step in and informs the officers of
election that their solemn oath to "sup-
port the Constitution of this State" is
not within their own keeping Judgment,
and Interpretation but that this oath
is taken subject to the Interpretation and
construction Of Gov. FOREMAN and Mr..
HALL.
The darkest ages Of the worlds history
do not present a broader or more undis-
guised attack upon the rights OF con-
science or private Judgment, than these
high officers thus announce. These are
the very principles underlying the great
Reformation, for the establishment of
which martyrs innumerable went to the
block and the stake, and we this day
are enjoying the fruits Of that terrible
conflict, in the civil and religious liberty
vOuchsafed to us as u people.
With all respect for the Governor. this
looks to us very like "straining at gnat
and swallowing II camel" Every citi-
zen knows that there are other laws than
those enacted by the Legislature, 10 be
faithfully executed !" and that officer
of elections who, himself believing the
sD-crewse in free Iopulatiou, ~
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19
v ERA. OCTOBER 10, 1865.

of its cultivation, and the timber which
towers above it. Its population was
nearly 1850 in 1860, and its assessed
valuation about three and a half millions.
The river cmpties into the Ohio at
Point Pleasant, above Gallipolis, Ohio
The four lower counties of the valley.
Immediately connected with the river,
have Il population of nearly forty thou
sand, of whom little more than three
thousand We're slaves in 1860.
The counties of the kanaWha valley
exhibited a population, in 1860, as fol-
lows.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19

PRESERVATION OF Cur F'IowERs.-It
IS stated that cut flowers may be kept
fresh for any length of time by the In
PRODUCTION Of spoonful of powdered
charcoal in the water contained in the
vessels in which they are placed. Meth
er charcoal or water require renewal,
latter remaining limpid.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19

Pierre Soule, it is announced, Is about
to return to New Orleans, there to pass
the remainder Of his days.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19

1Hc lOlIOWlilS 10 u SNetVSIilcitt vi luG
agricultural statistics of the Kanawha
valley of West Virginia, comprising the
above eight counties:
Area in square miles, LAG
Area of improved land, 400, 2235
Area of unimproved land, 1,352, 1902
Acres of unassessed waste lands ,256, 4O3
Value of farms, sl6.O93. 60
Average value of farm lands
per acre, 80 03
Value of farm implements, 1884, 455
Number of horses, 1920
Number of cattle, 55,5SS
Number of sheep, 65,5S9
Number Of swine, 7O.:}5O
Value of live stock, $2,3O3, $50
Bushels of wheat, 1926
Bushels of rye, 1882
Bushels of buckWheat, 3O,659
Bushels of Indian corn, l,4s7, 1928
Bushels OF oats, 1923, 500
Pounds of flax, 1856
Pounds of tobacco, l,247,365
Pounds of wool, 134,416
Bushels of Irish potatoes, 95,442
Bushels of sweet potatoes, 12,112
Pounds of butter, 65S, 1862
Pounds Of cheese, 2O,144
Tons of hay, 1869
Gallons of wine, 47S
ROUNDS OF maple sugar, I53,362
Gallons OF maple molasses, 1870
Gallons of sorghum molasses, 1902
Pounds of honey, 1896
Value of orchard products, $2S,40f
Value of home manufactures, $139,4S
Value of slaughtered animals, S477,5S9
1t appears from the above that scarce
ly half the area is included in farms and
about one-seventh in actual cultivation.
A great variety Of products is shown,
embracing almost everything cultivated
in temperate ATTITUDES. 1t seems liter
orally IL land of milk and honey, wine
and Oil.
L.
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19

The following is a statement of the
agricultural statistics of the Kanawha
valley of West Virginia, comprising the
above eight counties:
The New era. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1865-1871, 1865-10-19
Value of farms.

Average price per acre.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14

San Ounce ceOfPreventiOn is worth
n Pound of fCure."-This old and ever
true maxim is fully eXemplified in the use
of "PINKERTON's WAHoo AND CALIsAYA
BITTERs." Hundreds and thousands have
been saved from fevers by the daily use of
these Bitters. We said "daily," because they
should be used as beverage. They are
vegetable tonic and will injure no one, but
on the contrary do all godFwho use them.
They help circulation, restore lost appetite,
and greatly promote the action of the diges-
tive organs, and never fail to counteract the
bad effects produced by the change of cli-
mate or water. Travellers should not do
without them. They are pleasant to the
palate, and will invigorate and strengthen
the whole system. Try one bottle-it will
put new life in you, and make you feel that
therei is cure for your case. We know they
are the best Bitters ever offered to the world.
For sale by j. H. Barcus & Co., Stein
berger, Fairchild & Co., and G. Roberts &
Co., Druggists. marl-2w
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
From Newberr,.

NEwBERN, March 9.-Major General
Scholield and Brevet Brigadier General
Schofield, and their staffs, have arrived here,
having left Wilmington on Monday last.
They bring no news from Sherman. The
enemy's papers are equally ignorant of
Sherman's whereabouts. The roads are
bad, which delays his progress somewhat.
A letter was received here the other day
from young man who has been confined in
Salisbury prison for the past two years.
stating that he was liberated by Union
forces.
The enemy are in considerable force at
kinston, N. g, having been recently rein
forced. Lees corps from Hoods army is
reported there. Yesterday the enemy cap
tured some of our skirmishers near Kns-
ton, belonging to the 18th Connecticut and
18th Massachusetts.
Gen. Bragg is reported to be in command
of the enemy's forces at Kinston. Major
General j. ID. Cox is in command of our
forces at that point. Weather very warm.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
Cincinnati Market.

WHISkG-Small sales at So Is.
PRONlSIONS-A small lot of city mess Pork was
disposed Of at S34 90.
FLOUR-Superfine will not bring over $S co. Extra
is offered at 5OG,S 75 and family at 80 OOa9 so.
WHEAT-Pr' INC red Is 394c lower with fair de-
mand at the decline. We quote it at 81 SO9l 81.
White meets wi tn no attention, and reliable quota
tiOns cannot be given.
CORN-Holders are asking 9399ic, for ear and osc
for sbeed in elevator 400 bushels sold at 81 10 in
sacks.
OATS7-A dull market. at 75917c in elevator. eOO
bush sold at S5c in elevator.
BARlEY-There is fair inquiry for prime to
choice Spring at 81 309l 35 and prime to choice Fall
at 81 So 40, but the offerings are not large.
SEED-ClOver is higher and in good demand at
Sl3 % in bulk and $l3 35l3 40 from store Timothy
is dull at So O095 %. Flax is dull Mt 50 60.
GROCERlES-We now quote fair to prime Rio
Coffee at 40943c. Raw sugar at 20d 31Ic; hard re-
fined at 26 26ac and Orleans Moasses at 81 309l So
pefgallUn.
BUTTER-The receipts of choice are light, and the
market for that class rules firm at 30933c in small
packages The lower grades continue dull at 2492So
per ID,
EGGS-The market rules firm, with good de-
mand at 24@25c per dozen, shippers count.
HA1-Tight pressed is in far demand at S27 009
2s 90 per tuH arrival and 500 OO93O 90 from sore
Loose pressed remains dull at $2l 0O23 90 per tun on
arrival, and S25 90 &c 90 from store.
FRU lT-Green Apples are dull at IS 0096 per
br for Western and at 81 O097 10 for Eastern Dried
Apples are also dull at l29l21ac arrival and from
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
New York markeu---march 1s.

,.C0TTON-Dull and heavy at 72973c for mid
ding.
FLOUR-State and western dull and declining.
Sales at $40 25910 IS for extra state; $40 e59l 90
for extra round hoop Ohio; $Il 059ll Is for trade
brands-maTkel closing dull.
WHlSk1-Firmer. Sales of western at ~ 2fD
25i closing firm at the latter price. n4.i
WHEAT-Duil and dropping. Sales of MilWau-
kee club at 50 o.
RYE-Quiet
BARLkl-Dull.
MALT-DUH.
at 81 659l 60.
OATS; 0(ATS;-Dpll and heavy, 81 IL for western.
PETROLEU UM-Dun. Sales at 4oc for crude; CSC
for refined in bond, and 85 for refined .ree.
COFFEE-Quet and firm.
SUGAR-Dull. Sales of Cuba Muscovado at lax
@l61c.
MOLASSES-Dull and nominal.
POkK-Heavy and lower. Sales at $34 s71la35 rs
for new mess, closing at s34 s71z cash; s33 271z@
32 so for Sand 64 do. cash and regular way closing
at $S2 80 cash; S29 OO929 25 for prime, and s33 IS
@34 for prime mess.
BEEF-Dull and heavy at l792Oc for plain mess;
and SO 60922 so for extra mess.
BEEF HAMS-Heavy at S25C926 so.
CUT MEATS-Steady. Sales Of 24o packages; II
@l734e for shoulders le4 1910 for hams.
DRESSED H0GS--Dull at l5h@l6c TO western.
BAC0N-Lower, 1870 for Cumberland cut; 19k@
for short clear,
LARO-Lower It's @92Kc.
BHTTER-Heavy at ls926c for Ohio and 25927c
CHEESE-Steadya at l5923c for common to prime.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
Maximilian's Decree of Religious
federation.

New YORK, March 13.-To-day's mail
from Mexico brings the text of MaXimilian's
decree of religious liberation, the promul-
cation of which had been previously an
nounced, but the entire text of which is
now for the first time translated for the As
sociated Press:
MaXimilian, Emperor of Mexico Having
consulted our council of ministers, we here
by decree the following:
ARTIcLE1. The empire protects the Cath
olic ApOstolical Roman Church as the re-
ligion of the State.
ARTICLE 2. Free and ample liberation is
extended throughout the territory of the
Empire to all religions which are not oppos-
ed to morality, civilization end good habits.
The establishment of a new religion will,
however, require the authorization of the
Government.
ARTICLE 3. As circumstances may re-
quire, instructions will be issued to the po-
lice regarding the exercise of religion.
ARTICLE 4. The council of the State
shall be informed of abuses committed by
the local authorities against the exercise of
other religions, and against the liberty
which the laws guarantee to their minis
ters.
This decree shall be deposited in the ar
chives of the Empire and published in the
official journal.
Given in the palace of Mexico, the 2Gth of
February, 1860. MAMMALIAN.
BY order of His Imperial Majesty, the
Minister of Justice, Pedro Escudero Y.
Echanave.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
Foreign News.

SOUTHAMPTON, March 2.-The steamer
City of London, ofNew York, arrived from
Queenstown this morning.
ENGLAND.-The Times hopes the public
have fully digested the official intelligence
of Stewards proposition of terminating the
American war by combined attack of the
belligerents on some foreign power, most
| probably England, rather than France
| We must admit that a scheme of eX-
trinsic policy which the Confederate en-
vOys seemed chiefly to favor, shows
considerable ingenuity to Confed-
crate interests. BY the time this
extensive policy has been carried into effect
and ended, the Federals would have become
accustomed to live without the Confederates,
| seeing in the Southern Republic only kin
dred State and natural ally. Seward has
most considerably forewarned us. 1t will
be our fault if not found forearmed.
Sir Frederick Bruce succeeds Lord Lyons
at Washington.
In the House of Lords Feb. 9th, Lord
Taunten presented petitions from Australia,
praying for the immediate abolition of the
transportation of convicts.
Mr.. Granville said the Government would
abolish the system. The Commons ad-
journed.
The debate on Hennesy's motion respect
ing the state of Ireland was resumed. The
House divided, and the motion was dis
carded by II to Is. Napoleon's preface to
the life of Julius Caesar was published in
all the London journals. The Pope order
ed its immediate examination when pub
lished.
The Times thinks the Spanish Queens
sacrifice OF parliament useless.
The Spanish finance Minister is pursuing
suitable course.
Consols heavy at S07a@S0. French rentes
67 64c; Erie paid up shares advanced y:
Pennsylvania railroad I'd declined /; U. S.
s-20's declined p; Confederate loan declined
on the Atrica's news--Quoted at 45@50,
ex div.
Few ofthe Paris journals comment on Ma
poleons preface to the History of julius
Caesar.
ITALY.-The King signed the amnesty for
all accounts connected with Turin.
SPAIN.-Narvesse says the finances and
the country are in an unsatisfactory condi-
ton.
PoRTUGAL-Duke Soule stated in Centes
he was endeavoring to reconstruct the Cabi-
net efficiently. If unsuccessful he would
resign.
The Schleswig- Holstein assembly of
delegates from Schleswig-H resolved
that the inhabitants of Duchies should leave
to Duke Augustenberg and Diet conclusion
of such treaties with Prussia as would be
to the interest of the whole of Germany.
Prussia rejects the proposal of Austria
Professionally to transfer the Governmental of
the Duchies to Augustenberg. Russia de-
mands conditions before the settlement of
the question. ..D
PRUssIA.-The Prussian note to Austria
demands the right to levy sailors in the
duchies for the Prussian navy, the cession
to Prussia of territory for the establishment
of canal to connect the German ocean with
the Baltic, at each mouth large fortified
docks to be erected for Prussian men of
war. The postal and telegraphic depart
ment of the duchies to be under Prussian
direction, the Holstein contingent not to
quit the federal army.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
From Havana.

New YORK, March 13.-By the steamer
Liberty we have Havana dates to the Sth. +.
Advices from Vera Cruz to the 3D., and
Mexico to the 2Sth ult., have been received,
bringing DEGREES of MaXimilian, one grant
ing religious liberty, and the other approv-
ing the secularism of the church property,
ordained by the Republican Government
in 1858 and 1852
Nothing definite as to the capture of
Oxataca by thelmperialists was y yetreceived,
but reports are contradictory. The city of
HacapoaXtla was captured by the Imperial
lists on the 18th. The reported submission
OF Gen. Echeagaray is untrue, as he still
holds out.
The Spanish and Italian ministers had
arrived at Vera Cruz. Dou Dias Robles has
returned from Matamoras after instituting
seyeralfetorms and getting on foot many
internal improvements there.
The reported ouErages at Matamoras on
Union refugees of the American consulate
are repeated.
Two ships, one Belgian and one Spanish,
have arrived at Havana, brining 767 coolies.
A bold attempt by pirates to capture the
American steamer Shooting Star was at
tempted on the night OF the 4th in the har-
Dor of Havana, but failed. 1t was repeat
cd the next night, when, with the assist
ance OF the authorities, a boat containing
twenty-five men was captured; but on be-
ing taken ashore they were liberated.
The steamer Owl refusinga crew list, has
been detained in port. The steamer Fran
els has been receiving arms, for what pur-
pose is not known.
The pirate Mailitt has had dinner given
him at Havana,
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
Cleveland Market

FL0UR-Quiot and steady at 50 5Oal0 90 for fair
to choice AN red 10 50Gll 90 for Xxx white.
WHEAT-Sales3 cars No. red on track at 81 so,
car do do from store at 81 81, and cars No. 2red
from store at 81 6S.
C0RN-Sales l car from store at 96c, and car
at Mc.
OATS-Ofrered from store at re, rs, bid.
RYE-Dull and nominal at 81 20,
BARLE1-W ithout sales and nominal at 81 800
40 according to quality.
PORk-Sales of 25 bbls city packed mess at $50 90,
and prime mess held at $34 90.
LARD-Sales of 500 lbs city made in tierces at &c.
SMOKED MEATS-Sales 500 lbs "Comstock's''
sugar cured Hams at 24c 1900 lbs Dried Beef at lsc.
Shoulders l9c
BUTTER-Small sales of Western Reserve roll are
making at 25G30c for gCAl to prime,
EGGS-Quoted at 22924c.
,CHEESE-NOminal quotations are e1@22c for
Western Reserve.
HIGHWINES-Most holders are still quoting at
81 20, but large lots could be bought at - Is.
ALCOHOL-Held at 81 1904 "A for 9s per cent.
Neutral Proof Spirits So 3792 40.
PETROLEUM-Quieta at S39SGc for refined.
SEEDS-ClOver held at Sl3 so; Timothy at IS so.
POTAT0ES-Dealers quote at 9Oc@Sl 90.
BEANS-Ver! dull and market nominal at g 90 .
25 for medium white.
GREEN APPLES-ou and steady at II lX9lac.
DRIED PEACHES-Scarce and i'll good request
at42G44c for peeled and 3293ic for unpeeled.
FlSH-WonOw quote w Whitefsh, half bbls, 80 so;
Trout, half bhs 80 co. Pickerel half bbls 50 So and
verv scarce; Herring Sc 80 per bbl
SALT-Coarse 50 so; Ground Solar SO 90; Fine
81 295.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
The Shenandoah VnlIey-RebeIs
Concentrating at Hynchbure.

NEW YORK, March l3.-General Emery,
ofthe 10Th corps, has succeeded Gen. Han
cock as commander of the Middle Military
Department, comprising the lower part of
the Shenandoah Valley and other territory
in that region, during the continuance of
Gen. Sheridan's more active field operations.
The greater part of the rebel troops in
the Shenandoah Valley have been concen-
trated in the vicinity of Lynchburg, which
place some accounts represent they were
still busily engaged in strengthening at a
very recent date, probably with the design
of aifording Lee another good point to fall
back to when Richmond and Petersburg
shall become untenable.
Large supplies of food for the needy resi-
dents, furnished by the Shenandoah Relief
Association, have arrived in the Shenandoah
Valley.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-03-14
Removal of GOId--RichmOndE Edi.
tors Angry.

New York, March 49, Richmond Jour-
nails of Friday announce that the removal
OF the gold belonging to the banks of that
city had already commenced, and in the
strongest language the Legislature and peo-
pie are called upon to put stop to this ex :
odus Of precious metal, on the ground that
if removed it will nearly all get into the
hands of the Yankees, and upon its reten-
ton depends the very safety of the rebel
capital itself
Richmond editors are very angry over the
recent seizure at fredericksburg, Va, by
the National troops, of some 100000 pounds
of tobacco which had been sent thither from
Petersburg. They say there was under
stood there was an agreement on both sides
that the tobacco should 90 safely through
their lines and that they should receive ba-
con in return for it, and consider it Yankee
trick, with which Gen. Singleton, of Hi
nois, who has been in Richmond for some
time past. is suspected Of having had some
thing to do.