The Portland daily press., 1865-06-30
Friday Morning, June 80, 1865.
Condition Of the Central and South Am
eriean States.

Civil war is again on the increase in the
Central and South American States. The
war between the Argentine Republic, Brazil
and Uragnay on the one hand, and Paraguay
on the other, is progressing and assuming d.
mensions far exceeding previous petty con-
ficts. In San Salvador. the insurrection by
the exiled President, Barrios, against the &C
tusl Government has been, contrary to the
general expectation, entirely crushed, and it
was expected that Barrios himself would fall
into the hands OF his opponents and be shot.
In Hayti, the insurrection against the admin
istration Of President Jeffrard seems likewise
to be near its close. In Honduras, the insur-
recLionary outbreak has not yet been quelled
In Peru, the Government has gained some
important advantages over the insurgents,
but it is still far from having restored peace.
No less deplOrable than the continuance Of
the most wanton and unjustlaed insurrection-
airy outbreaks in Latin America, is the unset.
tied opinion OF the press concerning this Law
lessness. In reading the papers of South
America we are astonished ct the readiness
with which the appeal by dissatisfied parties
TO the arbitrament OF the sword is justifed.+
There is not yet that respect for the verdict
OF the popular vote and for the existing law
which has recently procured for our own Re-
public larger share OF admiration from the
civilized world than has ever before been ac-
corded to republican form Of government.
In Peru, the Government, by its timid sub
mission TO the insolent and humiliating de-
i ands of Spain, has naturally produced great
indignation at home, as well as among the
progressive party in the other States, and this
indignation has appeared to the malcontents
sufficient cause to throw the country into all
the miseries OF civil war, and weaken still
more its power OF resistance to European az
gressions. iaf
The wanton invasion of the Argentine ter
rtory by the army of Paraguay has naturally
united all the citizens, however differing ID
their views on tue Uruguayan war, for com
mon and enthusiastic defence Of the national
honor. Even on this war we fnd conflicting
views in the press OF the other South Ameri-
can States.
This anarchy of public opinion and the
weakness resulting therefrom is eagerly made
use of by Spain, which, after extorting mil
lions OF dollars from Peru for not preventing
the murder OF a Spaniard at riot, Is now try
ing the same experiment with Chilli. Its pre-
texts for indemniacation are equally as weigh
~ as those used with regard to Peru. An or
der OF the Chilian Government enforcing neu-
trality in the war between Peru and Spain
and non n-suppression of a Chilian paper
which had grossly abused the Spaniards, were
the principal counts. The Chilan papers talk
bravely OF the unanimous determination Of
the people to fight the Spaniards rather than
TO disgrace themselves by cowardly submis
sion, but many suspect the Government O.
an intention to follow the example Of Peru
and buy off the danger of war by the pay
ment of the intended indemnifcation.
Still, the beginning OF a new and better era
In the history of Latin America looms bright
ly up in the future. In most Of the States,
population, trade and general prosperity are
rapidly increasing, notwithstanding the con
tii.uance of internal divisions and disturban-
ces. Chill and the Argentine Repsblic, es-
pecially, are on the road to become powerful
nations. Both are already deriving the great
est benefits from foreign immigration, the
construction of railroads aud the development
OF their resources. The idea of closer uni
on between the Republic is making visible
progress. The reception of the news of the
downfall of our rebellion has produced won
derful influence. Everywhere it was greeted
with outbursts Of unbouDded enthusiasm, and
it was celebrated as a fatal blow struck to the
pretensions of Europe with regard to this
continent-[N. Y, Tribune.