New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-11
THE FANRUIL HALL ADDRESS.
The Negro Suffrage Questiss-The Policy
Of tho Government Discussed.

tne people OF tne Onltou Stdttb
ing:
custom Of the American people 10 confer freely with
another in times Of civil emergency and the exam
PIE OF ancestors TO speak to their eilow-ci
sens from this place we have been commissioned oy
the citizens this day assembled in Faneui Hall to ad-
dress you upon the state Of public affairs;
We claim no peculiar right TO be heard. even by rea-
Of the sacredness of the spot from which we SPEAK
but the greatness the exgency the critical questions
your representatives in Congress will soon be required
TO meet, and the singular unanimity which appears
among the patriotic people In this portion OF our ahu
lead us TO hope for your attention ana CONSIDERATION
To remove DISTINCTIONS which We know may be arr
fully thrown in the way, wish to say 10 you IN al
yanee-as q matter Of honor between cizens-that
this meeting and this address have not been prompted
by any organization or by any purpose OF parry or per
sonal politics. They the spontaneous o.
the convictions OF men in earnest VINO nave uIeis s
much In times past, and may be separated again "a
their political action but who are forced TO common
opinion the present exigeney OF affairs:
That we NAV wisely consider our rights and duties
understand whom and what we have to deal with and
the probabilities Of the future We must ask you TO re-
view with the ground however familiar II may seem
TO you c.,. o,o.r h. hoo,
moving steadily in opposite direction from our own
until its entire system and OF we may call II so) It's
civilization have become hostile to and at last incon
sstent with our OWL In their progress the southern
people had reached position where 1t may sara 10
have become their settled doctrine social ana potca
that the people of color arenOt by accident ana tenn
porary but By nature and oreyerunnt Tor any other
condition than that of absolute slaves On several mn
lions OF snch persOns-nOt ell negroes out IN whom
white blood, with often Dat quarter or an eighth OF
the African blood-thelr social fabric rested When
not aggressive their system was lnirenched oenln9
State Institutions where national authority conld
reach it, From this condition OF things there foloNe
consequences of the utmost social and political import
ance to the Government and people OF tbe fepuDhc,
Slavery with its effects what ould otherwise have
been the laboring class Of whites, resulted IN
system which is substantially olgarchieal. 1t gave
to the masters the advantages Of oHgarehy, and
trained them personally in its habits. sent.
ents and passions. Slavery and Ogarehy 90 NOT resa
and passions of men. They are. therefore II oircam
stances all favor them, an eyer-present danger Inc
Southern people came to consider themselves us NODDED
by their training and position into master race, not
only over their slaves but in their relations with their
feow-ciizens of the Free States. whose political equal
ity and free labor they had come 10 despse. To sup
port their system in national politics they invented and
used most efectual weapon fhe dogma OF Stale Su
premacy which they disguised under the name OF State
Rights 1t may therefore. be fairly said that three
ideas had complete possession OF Southern societySla
very, arisioeracy and State supremacy. Upon these
they carried Oh their political warfare until ieoV. On
these they founded their empire IN sb On these ana
for these they have waged against the Ropublcior our
years war of stupendous proportions.
That we NAV understand tie character of this an
tagOnistic force. with which We have now 10 deal
politically we ask you remember what they accom-
pshed They made no Dsurreetion OF protested citi-
zens for redress Of grievances. They made no revo-
luton or civil war within admitted sovereignty.
They set up distinct and independent sovereignty
within the territory Of the Republic. This exenoed
over eleven States and hardly saved our capitals
while in the States of Maryland. Kentucky and Mis-
souri,, tho most the nation obtained at first was a
declaration of sovereign neutrality Looking at the
fact and not right law, We must remember that
the Rebellion drove out from It's usurped borders every
representative and obliterated every sign of Federal
authority possessed every foot OF ground, and esGb
shed aud put in operation central Government, com
plete in all its parts legislative executive and Judicial
IL is true the Rebels preserved the form OF aiepubhc
but they might have made their Government a
monarchy. Tley did as they chose. 1t happened that
they their State lines and made few changes
IN their State Constitutions; but they might have
otliterated BOTH and resolved themselves into con-
sohdated empire. They did as they saw lit. They
then demanded recognition and Of the of the
world raised armies and navy. and forced the issue
OF war We had only 10 decline the issue Of war and
The Rebel Government would have stood forth COM
pleted, recognized empire.
In the course Of of four years for the restoration
of the Republic, not forget that not place
surrendered from political considerations There were
individual desereTs but not regiment laid down its
arms from motives oi fenTning loyalty. They fought
to the lastas bitterly at last as overland were sur
rendered by their commanders Only when there was no
other resource. 1t by force that their Government
broken down. 1t by force that the territory they
held Is now In military occupation. They admit
themselves overpOwered by superior numbers and ma
teal resources but we are not aware that the adms
sion extends any further. Military organizations
against the Republic are not practicable but they are
seeking open ard with the least possible delay the
avenues TO their old fields Of political contest and
tendency They will endeavor TO All they can OF
the doctrine Of State supremacy for future In tho
permission for the return Of the Rebel Legislature TO
Richmond. and in the Sherman-J ohnston pachcaton
Government barely escaped serious, if a fatal
The purpose Of the sonth low is 10 resume the
exercise of State functions with the utmost posi-
bic speed, and with the least possible change in their
home systems To secure that they viii do and submit
80 whatever is necessary. IL must constantly be borne
in mind that when state is admitted 10 its place
The po Of the nation over all subjects Of State co, nj
gar Is gone II the dogma of State supre not
destroyed FOR practice &c well as in theory, the war
will have been IN vain II has not only been the favor
lite Weapon Of Slavery but has been eagerly caught up
by the enemies Of our institutions In Europetbe tenet
that the United States Is not nation Government,
sOvereigntythst the citizens TO II no direct ale
giance-that they cannot commit against 1t the crime
OF treason IL they carry with them into their treason
the forms OF State authority. The right OF TINS Repub
lie to be sovereign among the soveregnties Of the
earth must be put beyond future dispute abroad well
at home. We have paid the fearful price, and We
must rot be defrauded Of the results.
10. IA rovv fellow look OF the dangers which
attend e Immediate restoration Of the Rebel States to
The exercise of full State authority slavery .he law
of every Rebel State. In Of these States free
persons OF color not permitted TO reside; In none Of
them have they the right 10 testify In court or TO be
educated in few Of them to hold land, and in all Of
them thew are totally DISTINGUISHED But, far beyond
the letter OF the law, the spirit OF the people and the
habits Of generations such as 10 insure the perma
Of that state oil things. in substance. Slavery
should be abolished in form their spirit and habits
their pride and passions will lead them to uphold their
ogarcbical system. built upon debased colored popu
laiof and iprenched behind State Institutions
which the nation cannot pass ~ peace. Their
personal relations with the colored people as mas
fers over slaves being changed in law, they
will look upon them In new Hight, az class TO be
feared as the cause OF their defeat and hu
initiation They viii not tax themselves to give to the
continuance within their States Of phlanthrolic agen
cies for coored people from the Free States. They
will not encourage Northern immigration with systems
Of small fieeholds and nee labor; nor will capital and
labor 20 there from the Free States under present
auspices Returning to their old Of politics which
they fond Of ana In which long practice has made