The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1865-12-06

labor. / cannot too strongly urge q dispss-
siOnate treatment OF this subject, which
should be carefully kept alOof n 10 all party
strife. We must equElly avoid hasty as
sumptions Of any natural impossibiltty Tor
The tEO races " 1--we side bv side, il q stare
q Inntunl benefi and good will. The ex-
pertinent involves Is n no iEconsiat-
ency let us, thea, 90 On and make
thai experiment in good fGlth, and rot
be too easily disheartened. Tue country
Is in need Of labor, and che freedmen are n
need Of employment, culture, and pr0tec-
ton. While their right Of voluntary mi
grafton and ezpatriation IL not b. be ques-
toned, ! would not sdyIse their forced re- 1
nova and colonization. Let Us rather en- !
courage 10 honorable and useful industry, /
where it may be beneficial 10 themselves !
aud 70 the country and, instead Of hasty /
Euticipationr Of the certainty Of failure, lei I
there be nothing wanting to the fair rial Of
TIE experiment.. The change ia their con
dition Is the substitution OF labor BY con-
tract for the status OF slavery. The freed |
nan cannot fairly be accused Of unwilling
ness to work, 50 long IS a doubt remains
about his freedom Of choice in his pursuits,
and the certainty OF his reeovefirg his stip-
ulated wages. In this the Interests OF the
employer sud the employed coincide. The
employer desires 10 his Workmen spirit and
alaeIity, and ii Sc eau be permanently Sc
cured IN no other way. And Il the one
ought 10 be able 10 enforce the contract, 50
ought the other. The public interest Will
be best promoted, II the, several States will
provide adcquate protectlon and remedies
for the ireedmeo. Until this Is in some way
accomplished, there is no chance for the ad-
yantageous use Of their labor; and the
blame Of i l-success will not rest on them.
/ know that 81 eere philanthraphy is
earnest for the immediate realization Of its
relnOiest aims; bat time is always an ele-
meet in reform. Il is one OF The greatest
acts on record 10 have brought four millions
OF people into freedom. The career Of free
industry must be fairly opened to them
and then their future prosperity aud condi-
ton must after all, rest mainly on them
selves. II they Tail, aud so perish away,
let US be careful that the failure shall not
ba astributable TO any denisi Of Justice. Ia
all that relates 20 abe destiny Of the freed
men, We need not be too anxious to rsad the
future; many incidents which. from a spec
/ ulative point OF Vie~, might iaise alarm,
/ will quietly settle themselves.
Nov slavery is at an end or near its eud,
she greatness Of its evil, in the point OF view
OF public economy, becomes more and more
/ apparent. Slavery was essentially mon
/ opoly Of labor, and rs such licked the States
Il where il prevailed against the incoming Of
Il
perry Of the capitalist, she shIte man was
/ excluded from employ ment, or had but the
second best chance Of finding t.; aud the
| oreigu enigrhnt turned away from the re-
/ gen where nis condition would be 80 preca
| rious With the destruction OF the monopoly,
| free labor will hasten from all parts Of the
civilized world 10 assist in developing various
| and immeasurable resources which have
/ hitherto lain dornant. The eight or nine
/ 4 ~. asrlf Of a har q
soil Of sxuberant fertility, q climate friend
IL 20 long life, and can sustain denser pop
u4ation tuan Is found IS yet in any part Of
| our country. Aud the future inhux Of pop
ulatiOn 10 Them will be mainly from the
Eorh or from the most euliivsted portions
in EurOle. From the suiierings that have
attended them during our late struggle, let
rs look away 10 the future, which is cure 10
be laden Tor them with greater prosperity
shan has ever before been known. The re-
mOval Of the monopoly Of slave labor is q
pledge that those regions will be PeOpled by
numerous and enierprising population A.,
which viii vie with any in the Union in
eOmpactness, inventive genius, wealth, and
induslrf.
Our Government springs from and was
made for the people-noI the people for the
Government. To them il owes allegiance;
from them it must derive its courage.
strength, and wisdom. But, while the
| Government il thus bound 10 deler 10 the
/ people, from whom its derives It's existence,
Il should, from tho very consideration OF lis
origin, be strong in its power Of resistanes
20 the establishment OF inequalities Mo-
| nopOlies, perpetuities, aud class legislation,
are contrary 10 the genius OF free govern
nent, and ought not 10 be a lowed. Here,
there is 10 rom fer favored classes or mo-
noPoliesi the principles Of our Government
{ is that Of equal laws and freedom OF in
dustry. Wherever monopoly attains q
foothold, it is sure TO be a source Of danger
discUrd, and trouble. We shall but fulfill
our duties as legislators by according
equal and exact justice 10 all men," spec al
privileges 10 none. The Government ii
. subordinate 10 the people; but, As Ihe sgenl
and representative Of the people, it must be
. ! held superior 10 n0nOpOlies, which, IN
| themselves, ought never 20 be granted
aud which, where they exist, must be sub
ordinate and yield 10 the Government.
Tue Constitution cOnlers on Congress the
right 10 requisite commerce among the sew
ere, States. Il is OF the first necessity, faI
the maintenance Of The Union, that that
commerce should be frse and aDobstructed
No Sta can be justified IN any device tc
tax the transit OF travel and eoBmerce be
! tween State. The position OF many states
is such thst, IL they were alleged 70 take
advantage OF II Tor purposes Of local TeTe-
nue., the commerce between States might
be injuriously burdsnei, o. even virtually
prohibited. Il 10 bet, while the country u
still young, and while the tendency 70 0an-
gerous monopoliss Of THE Kind is still fee
bic, = u.e the power OF Congress 80 - u
prevent any selfish impediment 10 the free
circulation Of men and Merchandise. 4 tax
on travel and merchandise, in their transit,
! constitutes one Of the worst forms Of mo
/ nopoly, and the evil is increased it coupled
with "a deninl OF the choice OF route. When
the vast extsnt Of our country IL CONSIDER
ed, it is plain that every obstacle 10 the ifee
circulation of commerce between the States
ough; - be steFnly guarded against BY APP
pmpriaie legislation, within the limits o.
The C9pslHntion.
This FspqEt "a 5Ae serreta-y " the Interior
explains the cQnfition " me public lauda,
tks transactions 81 ne Potent Ohits' add be
Pension Bureau, the wapage ment Of CTR IN
dian sfaiTs, the progress made in the coz
struction Of chs Psel6e railroad, and tur-
nishes Interruption ~ Fsf,FeRQs TO matters
Of local interest IN the District qf ColHmbiR,
1t also presents eVideBps Of the sFccessfil
operation OF the Homestead Act, ander the
provisions Of which 100. SIS sores Of the
public lands were entered during the lsst
4 Escal yesr-more than one-fVurth OF the
Mntsae u Der 81 aslNh eNll OF NAlEEMlsH 4lrr
! posed III during thgt period. Il Is estimated
that the receipts aeriyei fram this source
sye spfhcieptto etfes the expenses incident
| 10 tie ssFvsy and disposal 81 the laads en p
tsrsd under ihis Act sne that ps yIfehtsfu
cash 10 the fxteRt ct nea teriy y 6fty per
cent. will be made By settlers, Eilo 4lpy
thus al any time aequlra title before the ex-
pirstioa Of The period a. which is would
tthsTYise ve',. The homestead policy was
tsts 5li5heq fniy gileT long and earnest 70
slstsnee essll;risncs .FrsYes its wisdom.
/ The lands, inthe' hEnts 81 inGgs.siogs set
lsFs, vhose Labor cfbAtes Rrtilk ana con
, tribdse5 & the public resouf6es; ne worth
more % the snitF4 eietss than If they hsd
been reserved - 2 s9litUas 81 fptYfe pSr-
/ chasers
The lamentabe events Of the last fous
years and the sscrihces made by the gallant
men Of the army and navy have swelled
tke recgfjs 81 tbs Pension bureau 90 an IN
pHeceaRptg exteuk On the 18th day of
April lsst che totai Esmbsr OF pensioners
was $3.50, requiring ioc sbe,F ebrual nay,
exc usiVe OF expense, the sum OF IS .efs.ts5
The number Of applications thst haya been
1 allowed since that date will require a laFgs
increass e this smognt for the next fiscal
ysa1. The mems for the payment OF he
4 shpenas dUe. usder eEisiis- lass. 70 our
/ disabled solsiefs and sailor Ind 70 tkp fam.
| Llcs q sqcb as have peri.hsd n the isSsrvI6e
q the county, WI no dbubt Ne ghearAaiiy
hka ProRptIy GrqFte}. ) grateful people
viii usI Resiiats y sapef{oh EnF weasures
having Tot tksiF object the relief ~ q l5isrs
mutilated and iRmiiios EaNde iathsrless "a
the eti0ris TO preserve auf nNiioRal exist
/ euce.
The report Of the Postmaster General me,
tst,rs IN encouraging exhibit Of The opera
tons " Is Post Office department during
the year. Fhs' Elyenues Of the past wear
from the loyal stslsF alone exceeded the
maximum HnnuRi receipts frarc al the
States previous 10 the rebellion, M tks 81
- s ,Q3s, 0sli And the annual average. M. !
eTfass ef Tstgnue during the lest ioar yesrs. |
c6mpared tith fee revohuel 81 the fong
years Immediately preesajng the rebellion.
EEs $y,5Ss,s4a The fsyehtss cf ~ last
AZ al az pnountsd 10 Sl4. s56, Iss. E,f ~,
expeufi JrJE.gs r. Sls,oss, "a, leaving !. sur
ilSs 81 receiRis ~ s-repditures Of Ss6i I
4so. Progress has been 1sis il testorfnr
The postal serves ~ TIE Stphe-u SUITES
The views presented ~ ;ke FcarsSst src'e6
eFal against the policy Of granting sab5iiiss
toSeesn mail steamship lines upon ssisb-
-ishse roytes, and ia favor Of eontibuine
me pyssent fyste.G, Yhieh limits The COM
nfl1tatfun far eli