The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1864-1911, 1865-12-27


or the whole country, they receiving the /
Ike benefits from il with those who Oppose ,
them In the field and in the council.
Four years of war, during which law was
executed only at the point Of the bayonet |
throughout the States in rebellion, have left |
the people, possibly, in a condition not to
yield that ready obedience 70 the civil au-
thOrity the American people have general
Is been in the habit Of yielding.
This would render the presence of small
garrisonS throughout those States necessary
until such time as labor returns to its proper
channel and the civil authorities fully estab-
lished. did not meet any one, either those
holding places under the Government, or
citizens of the Southern States, who thought
it practicable to withdraw the military from
the South at present. The white and the
black mutually require the protection Of the
General Government. There is such n uni
versal acquiescence in the authority of the
General Government throughout the pnr-
tions OF the country visited by me, that the
mere presence Of military force, without
regard to numbers, is sufficient to maintain
order. The good of the country requires
that the force kept in the interior, where
there are many freedmen, elsewhere in the
Southern States than at forts upon the sea
coast no force is necessarily should all be
white troops .-.
The reasons for this are Obvious. With
out mentioning many of them, the presence
of black troops, lately slaves; dcmoralizes
labor, both oftheir advice AMI furnishing in
their camps resort for the freedmen for
long distances around. White troops gen.
orally excite no opposition, and therefore a
small number of them can maintain order
in giving district. Colorcd troops must
be kept in bodies sufficient to defend them
selves.
1t is not the thinking men who would do
violence ttward any class Of troops sent
among them 10y the General Government !;
but the ignorant, in some places, might, and
the late slave; too, be induced with the idea
that the property of his late master should
by right belong to him-at least should have
no protect OH from the cVlorCd soldier.
| There is danger ofa collision being brought
on by such caues. My observations lead
me to the conclusion toat the citizens OF the
Southern States are anxious to return to
sclf-government within the Union as soon
as possible that while reconStructng, they
want aud require the protection from the
| Government that they think is required by
the Government, and is not humlliating tC
them as C t zens; an | that If such coursc
was pointed out, they would pursue it il
good faith.
1t is to be regretted that there can not b(
greater commingling at this time between
the citizens of the two sections, and particu
lary of those intrustcd with the law king
power | did not give the operations o
the Frccdman's Bureau that attention
would have done il more time had been u
my disposal. ..
Conversations, however, on the subject
with officers connected with the bureau, Ice
me to to think that in some ot'thc States it
affairs have not been connected with goot
Judgment or economy, and that the belief
widely spieal among the freedmen of tn
Southern States that the lands OF their for
ncr owners will at least in part be dividec
among them, has come from the agents .
this bureau.
This belief is seriously interfering will
the willingness of the freedmen to make con
tracts for the coming year. In some form
the Freedmen Burcuuis an absolute neces
sity until ciy2 law is established and entort
ed, securing to the freedmen their right
and full protection AT present, however
it is independent of the military establish
mcnt of the country, and seems to be opera
ted by the different agents Of the Bureau
: according to the individual notions.
Everywhere General Howard, the abb
head Of the Bureau. made friends by tn
lust and fair Instructions ana advicehe gay I
But the complaint in South Carolina wa
, that when he left thirgs went on as before
Many, perhaps the majority, of the agent
a of the Freedmen Bureau advise the irec'
. men that by their own industry they nlu
- cxnect to live 70 this end they cndcavt
. to secure employment for them, and to SC
n that both contracting parties comply wit
!, their engagements.
n In some eases, am sorry t. say, the free,
i. mans mind does not seem to be di>abus,
i Of the idea that the freedman has the rigI
v to live without care or provision for the +
=. turc. The effect Of the belief in the divi
, ion of lands is iiencSs and accumulation
!, camps, towns and cities. In such cases,
- think it will be found that vice and disea
~ will tend to the determination or great d
N structun Of the colored race.
j., 1t can not be expected that the opinic
i held by men at the South for years can
" changed in a day, and therefore the free
~. men require for few years not only laws
" protect them, but the fostering care of tho
,o who will give them good counsel and
ye ye whom they can rely The Erccdmen's B
nt rcau being separated from the military
,e tabshmcnt of the country, requires all t
nn expense of separate organization.
,J One does not necessarily know what t
ri ri other is doing, or what orders they are a
II. ing under 1t seems to me this could
nj corrected by regarding every officer on d.
at with troops in tho Southern States as
Io agent of the freedmen $ Bureau, and IL
70 have all orders from the head Of the bure
tv sent through the department commando
- This would create a responsibility Il
Ia. would create uniformity of action throu!
MT out the South, and would insure the ord
N. and instructions from the head of the
tns reaus being carried out, and would reli
trorl duty and pay large number OF {
nh ployes ofthe Government. d.. ,..,. -.
~ have the honor to be, very respectful
,as your obedient servant,
'"' (Signedl ,..,-s ~ ~. =; ~. $. GRANT,
''''' Lieutenant general
1 After the reading Of General Grants
port, Mr. Samner asked that the report
General Schurz should be read. ,.-.
Several Senators objected, on the grol
that Schulz report was too long.
4. Mr.. Sumner asked that they should be
Sl- readingit, as it was very important. dc
v, mcnt. He einstanccd the fact that a full
'tn port oil affairs in Kansas was read in
ny Senate. and the present report was mi
ol, more important than that. He said
les message of President johnson was like
III whitewashing message of Franklin Pierce
::yee the Kansas affairs. ,..
I'm Mr.. johnson denied that there was
or- whitowashing in this report, which wa