The New York herald., 1865-07-18
Celebration Of Independence
Day in Brazil.
THE WAR STRUGGLE IN SOUTH AMERICA.
B II A ZILI N LO IN.
American Squadron Expected at
BuenOs Ayres.
DISCOVERY OF OIL SPRINGS,
kes, &C., kcs
Buuos AYnEs, 8. A., May 27, 1866.

This mail leaves this city at the close Of its independ
ence anniversaries The 25th of May here answers 70
the 4th of July in the United States and the year Of
national Independence ia 1910 The city has had its
usual intoxcaton of delight BY day the streets arc
crowded with the utmost gaycy and extravaganza The
principal plaza has been filed by from fifteen TO twenty
thousand persons, gazing at the military reviews ana
athletic exhibitions prepared for the masses The even
ings are made brilliant by fireworks and rockets after
which the theatres crowded by the pleasure seeking
multitude On these occasions the theatres are decked In
the most patriotic style The crowds Of gay attendants
never exceed the spendors of the 25h Of May and the
profusion of banners wreaths, notices and bou-
quets all add to the assurance that great
day is celebrated. For weeks the preparations arc
made for these festivities. Tailors, mlliners SHOE
makers, and all others who cultivate outwara
comfort external beauty date from the 25th OF May.
farmers date from harvest or mariners from leaving
port National and provincial officers, foreign minsters
consuls officers of the army, &C., attend high mass IN
the cathedral and the National Guard pass IN review
before the President the close of tho festivities This
year the United States Minister and Consul appeared n
citizens dress, and by Their painncss they we're the
most distinguished of the whole group.
The latest news from the United States has thrown
this city into ferment not often witnessed. The natives
do most heartily rejoice In all successes the copper
heads almost lost the butcrn hue and the loyal Anne
rcans too happy to be quiet. IN the evening the
public plaza and various private residences were made
bright and noisy with rockets ana M rS
calls Even English friends egainng their for
mer philanthropy and hatred of slavery.
The cloud of darkens over,an entire half o. Soutn
America engaged in national struggle II is Brazil
Uruguay and the Argentine republic against Paraguay
The Parasuayans have sent strong invade the
Brazilian province OF Rio Gande. and another to invade
the Argentine province of Corrientes inc former mas
Just reached the borders OF sv1o Ko arsnG1 EI, ana
Formidable force. Neither Of these two divisions
Of Paraguayans has met, to this date, with any
Gin the war the first campaign in winter
the three have to learn each others powers ana
resources All this requires time Meanwhile, IN ch-
mate cold, Paraguay is pushing on columns long
prepared for this war; and their success Is certainty en-
cSuagng thus TAR oa IL vs,s a'sd & a' nop"a %
twenty thousand or twenty-five thousand men, as II -
variously estimated Their fleet Is also advancing down
the river and tho Brazilian feet is rtreatng before w.
to await the arrival OF the auxiliary land forces OF the
allies. -.
in front of the Paraguayan horos and there will be
trial of strength tina. will greatly affect the nature ana
duration Of tue war
der Chief the army, will leave this city to take
chief command Of ths national forces in few days.
He is great favore military leader, and ne Is un-
boundedly popular with all classes
The cold OF winter s making fatal WORK among
the Braz liam soldiers Montcyidc0 and along The river
It is not unusual reports of ten TO twenty death:
per day from various causes connected with unwonsed
exposure to tho cold .s...
Gpancicrs to Europe negotiate o loan OF twelve mil
lions of hard dollars 1t would not SO IN hard matter
To raise that sam popular loan In the United Staes
vet no effort to obtain tho money in this way has been
attempted here. Mr. Restra lived for many years n
Euylan and extensively engaged IN bus ness there
He is personally and favorably kncwn among merchants
OF Europe and other capitalists and he carries Win him
reputation for uprghness and financial skill not sur
passed in this country. he ID Lieutenant u0veInor
tho province and lac long aled the ocs OF Minister OF
tha Treasury
An American squadron expected very soon for these
waters Ali other great nations have arg, naval force
here constantly and the American interests have long
needed the Same prccaution.
The discovery of kerosene in the province OF Jujuy
promises TO be great thing for this country Already
keros ne lamps replacing the old oil lamps, and ono
Leonardo Bella has applied TO Congress Tor patent fof
working the petroleum springs.
Welsh colony has been planted In the desert regions
of Patagonia An agent has been endeavorng for two
years to obtain grant of land and the rivalry OF claims
between the nation and the rovince has long kept them
from obtaining land. Now they propose to and buy
H. and are arranging for many thousands OF immigrants
some hundreds OF whom daily expected. They
are prepared TO establish mills and manufactures OF
every kind and with machinery and scientific labor
they hope 10 the scarcity Of manual labor in this
country Under the pretext that they are Mormons,
thcro has arisen great opposition 10 their coming Tne
seems preence merely for all that known OF them
contrary such idea, there are among them sev
ernl (nlvpistc Methodist ministers. 1t Is really de-
signed as an Offset to Mormon emigration, as the welsh
have other outlet for emigration with which they are
The war at home and the here have seriously de.
ranged the business in the river Plato The products OF
this province will be much different from last year
more rather than less but from the two provinces OF
Entire Rios and Corrientes shall receive bat little
The railroads progressing hardly feeling III all the
demands of the war Enormous quantities OF material
have lately arrived from the United States for tho gross
Central Argentine Railroad.