, 1865-08-24
from Our Own Correspondent

the b1acks, and stand passiyely md apatheti-
cal1y aloof from the work Of rcconstFueting
State and county organizations. Many Of
them regard as hardship the fact that the
amnesty they enjoy docs not insure to them
each and every political right and privilege
Tint they formerly possessed. "What Is the
amnesty worth II don't give nc the right to
vote 2" said IN eI-teDe1 recently. SIT saves
your property to you and It caves you from
being hanged," !" was the reply Of Union man
TO whom The remark WIS addressed.
There should be ono hundred and twenty
seven thousand constituents for the member
there werc not three thousand votes cast
at the recent election, and of the whole
number there are not hyct hundred who arc
believed to be In active sympathy with the
government and its policy, In Memphis. at
the recent election, there wcrc twenty y-nlne
hundred Of These went to the polls at all, and
Of these either Of the two semisccesh candt-
dates received twice as many votes as the
Union candidates. Yet Shelby Is the most
loyal and fRrthest reconstructed county In
The district. County otf1cers have been ap-
pointed by Gov. Brown1ow, In Upton, Madf.
son and Hnrdeman counties, but thny nave
anco OF tineif 1,.s.; 1..ea In Haywood county and
AtcNairy county there has been some pro-
gzess made IN reconstruction, but IN Fayette
county there Is no civil organization what.
ever. These are tho counties ulat compose
!. this Congressional district. The people do
not generally believe that DR.. Leffwlch, the
successful candidate, viii be admitted 10 his
not.
TIE LAnolE QUESTION.
There is good deal Of unea::uess felt BY
njnt$ fn1,S
hope Of restoring slavery 70 life Is gone as alsd
Is the expectation that BY any form Of ap-
premiership or peouage the whites cau retain
in their hands the entire control Of the negro.
AL recognize as 11cl fact that the black Will
have something to eay about his labor md It's
hcnsion honestly entertained that entirely
freed from restraints the negro will not work
steadily and energeticaly even for pay see
nothing to Justify this fear, but knowing
many cases from tImc to- time occurring of
negroes working for months, and then being;
cheated by thelr employers out Of their wages,
! nm not astouiahed that some negroes should
become demora1ized. Where they have been
fairly paid they have, rs q general rule, worked
Us well az they ever did in slavery, though
perhaps not 80 well as Northern laborers
would: In many cases the negroes will not
work for their old masters, and prefer North
ern men hecause they think tie pay more
efficiently the rights OF the blacks, but insists
upon their performance Of the contracts that
they make. =. ..-... -.
THE FnxEDMEs's DEPARTMENT.
AS intfmated in former letter, the Freed
mems Bureau Is the most Important agency
In the country. Established BY Congress be-
cause 1t was absolutely necessary to protect
the enanc1pated blacks, 1t Is crushing out the
doctrine OF State Rights more completely than
my military victories or political successes
could do. Il Is doing more than this; 1t Is
compelling the whites Of ihe South either to
do justice to the negro by state 1cgielatson, or
te submit to The deprivation IN M many case9
No State OF county or municipal court In tits
district can try any case In which any negro
Is party, and If white has any controversy
With negro, such white must bo tried In
Frecdulen's Court, wherB be Is deprived Of
jury trial, aud has no right Of appeal from the
the advantages Of habeas torpsts. The negro
can collect debts by summary process from
any white man, and Is rot obliged to go
through the fornality Of any civil suit. The
practical operation OF this, court has already
made many southe1n men; most anxious that
may give the hlack.the same right Of testify;
ing t6at the white has hitherto enjoyed, and
that thus the Freedmnn's. Court may be got
rid of, for they think, rs oi1e Of them recently
expressed it, "that this FEeedmcn's concern
is getting to be the est tyranny on easth."'
TIE CUSTOM HOUSE INBRodLlo.
Two or three months ago, I intim!dated to
to you that from the manner in which hnsi-
ness YVES being done IN the Memphis Custom.
House, the United States Tas likely to be
loser. You i1aye doubtless seen since IN our
Memphis papers, the account Of the removal
Of Collector Carleton, the appointment Of sir.
Loagne, the r1mors Of dcialcations, and the
- Nf ANN t7f
Treasury DepaI tment, to Investigate affairs
and recover the money: The Commercial.
Bank, Mr.. Page, Nj. Parkman, Mr. Brooks,
md others were supposed to be mixed up in
the matter. The evidence in the case has not
been made pnblic and consequently VIC can
used In specu!ations, ndF how lar financial
kiting was carried on, but shrewd and clever
altogether and bus given certificates to most
of tic parties implicated that they were not
to blame. He did not examine tho manner tn
It q where the money was." Having found It,
he don't wish to blame anybody especially
where there is not believed to bare been o
q criminal intent, but simply m indiscrete use
ofpuhllc money by somebody in speculative
undertakings. =.
out the country these are to preserve order,
prevent negro vagrancy; enforce the fulAl:
nent of contracts, and punish the III treat-'
ment of b1acks. Cases Of whipping negroes
are now extremely rnrc, as the authorities
promptly punish them IN ali cases. Yesterday
planter named C1aybonrn wns brought IN
here for whipping and making his dogs lear
badly one Of his black employees. The plan.
ter lives at La Grange, oTer forty miles distant
from this placc, but he was promptly gather
cd and made to pay one hundred dollars dam. u
nges to tho black aud one hundred dollars
fine.
CRIME IN MEMPHIS.
Our citizens are becoming alarmed at the
increase of high crimes In Memphis. Not
day elapsea on which there is not homicide,
a number Of desperate faeases, half dozen
robbcrics, and many other crimes s9ort
time since our County Clerk attempted 70
murder one Of the candidates for the LeSisla-
day, returned rebel named Toney, Went bc7
hind another returned rebel named Whitstl.,
shot him and beat out his brains and On iast
Monday night, an old Indy named Mrs. Jano
Seymour, was assasslnated IN her oHn house,
by some person unknown. Toney = sang 70
hare Killed Ave or sh men before this It Il
probable that 9 bill to establish more en-
cient police system tn Memphis may be pass
cd ut the next session ofthe Legislature !:
CHANGED TONE OF MEMPHIS AFFAIRS.
The tone Of our Memphis papers Is, ns yoq
doubtless perceive, changing With the alterso
situation Of affairs. While military anthof1ly
was supreme, and the patronage OF many
thousand soldiers was desirable, these Jour-
mails favored their articles with iargar Or