The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1865-10-24


Upon this subject Dr. j. C. Mott, Of Mobl
Or. Fenner, and the late DR.. Bsrtoa, Of Ne
Orleans, shed nGch "a liable light in tres
tises prepared several years since. whic
msy be consulted with great aivaniag
now, and the statistics Of the United stats
are believed to be equally in point.
The region referred 10 embraces nearl
the whole Of he great States OF Virgini.
North Carolina, Tennessee ard Texas, three
fourths Of Georgia and Arkansas, aud one
half o. South CarolGs, klabams, Missis
sippi, Louisiana and Florida.
Here there is q territory, vast in extent
and susceptible Of development By Wait
labor, from whatever quarter introduced
capable Of maintaining a population a
dense aud wealthy as can be found in am
other part Of the Union, and yet In 1850 il
density 10 che square mile, Is compare,
With other sections, was:
Persons. peuonz
slaveh-laing States lLa5 Tazas..-...--...-..- s
New EngaEd Stsf - 4iaf Uhio. -............ SOS
Middle states s. ~ Massachusetts IT. q
In what manner, then, shsh we proceec
to invite capital and population 10 The South,
answer: Consult and abide By the experi-
ence of those States and communities which
have grown populous and rich By the sue
cess which attended their efforts to secure
| immigration.
And hrst would suggtst the apPoins-
meutc one OF two commissioners from each
Of the Ststes' who shall meet at some cen
trail point say Atlanta, Ga, or az Mont
| gomery, Ala, and, in order that no time
may be lost, would suggest that the COM
missioners be nominated By TIE Provisional
/ Governors.
The object Of the commission would be 10
advertise the world that our people sre in
earnest in the matter and in accord, and
it would tend TO secure such harmony Of
action between the states as would be most
conducive t. success.
The commission should be a permanent
body, and should az once open correspond
snce with eve.y section and district Of the
several States, inviting information upon
the character and value Of soils, and The
quantity availsble for settlement, and the
lowe cash and credit prices Of the same.
This Information ought to be given 10 the
public in the form Of circulars and al
dresses, transla ed into German and Freu eh,
and distributed abroad through our Consu-
lar agents.
Ills needless, however, to suggest what
would be the duties Of such a commission.
The intelligent and expeTieHced minds
thus brought together would soon develop
the wisesi system, aud upon their recon-
necessary, would readily be afforded BY the
State Governments.
In a matter Of such delicaey, il is evident
that any eobhiit or rivalry between the
States would be productive Of lasting IN
jury, especially in presence OF the great in
ducements TO emigrants which are held
out in other quarters, and the organized
and well-established systems which exist
for their introduction and settlement
Everything viii depend upon the earlier
results, and if mis- axes are made from the
circulation Of false information and disap-
pointments ensue, it will be difficult, almost
impossible, 70 correct them. knowledge Of
these disappointments it viii be the pur
pose Of interested parties 10 circulate, so
that in q little while i will reach every
village and town or hamlet in Europe.
Active and independently competition for
emig-ants between the States viii, 1t is TO
be feared, lead 10 these results
There are Two points, New York and New
Orleans. which win probably continue to
10 the most prominent ores, al which em-
igranis will Be landed, and at these it viii
Be Indispensable 20 locate agencies % look
after their interests and 70 afford such inior-
nation as win rectthems with as little in
convenience, loss Of time and expense, as
possible 10 their several Southern desiina-
lions. This can be effected without much
expense. Iuasingle year, taken a. random,
which gave an aggregate Immigration Of
SOS, 470-it appeared that there arrived at
New Yorz.......s0is7 SIC Bslumors....-....... 4tis
New Orlesns..-...... 33l6 GalVs ston....-.. 2 ~
Philadelphia II $50 tharleston.-.... i,alt
There is luckily signal instance to which
the attention Of immigrants may be directed,
showing the prosperity which can be en-
loved BY them in certain parts Of the South,
and It would be well to ascertain and make
public the facts in reference to this case at
early date. ! refer % the German colonies
in Texas, and would suggest psrusal Of Mr..
0lmstead's work upon that State, published
a few years ago, for much interesting ma
tcrial.
Feeling convinced that the German States
will be the chief source from which any
large number Of immigrants can be expected,
I add essed a nrte recently 20 Charles L.
Fleishman, Esq, gentleman vel known
10 the country FOR his agricultural and seien-
tifc labOrs in the service OF the Patent
Office. who has spent much Of his life In
Europe, and written feveral works upon the
United States 10 his native German, which
have exercised a wide influence upon the
immigration question, and in reply have
received lengthy letter which vii appear
in the next number Of my Review, but from
which will briefly extract at present. Mr..
Freshman says
"You put b NE the question, what is the
best plan for draWiug the attention Of the
German emier1nts 10 the advantages which
the South offers 20 settlers In answer, /
say that the southern States should, - soon
as possible, publish detsiled and fun &c
count Of their various resources Of the
weather, and Is Influence ON the constitn
tons Of men coming from northern lati-
tudes; Of the lands, and their present eondi-
ton as 10 fer iiity and TITLES Of tbs various
products which can be raised Of best losa-
lions for vine culture Hnd { uit 10 general
and an account Of the existing railroads
and canals. and also OF the commerce, and
the various branches OF Industry TO be car
ried on there, etc.
Mr.. Freshman says, further, that the
Germans do not aim 10 become merely day
laborers, but land owners that, in general,
they prefer 10 20 where ether Germans have
gone before, and where their own language
IS spoken; that they never cease 70 be Ger
mans; that they love the soil they cultivate,
love freedom and Independence, hate arts
tocracy, and sre not only good farmers, but
mechanics and artisans. They ell have
more or less money aud personal property,
with which they buy lands or undertake
trade. he says:
eThe South must establish similar iustiiu-
lions to those that We find in the North for
the protection and assistance Of enigrants
thew must protect them from runners and
rapaei0us boarding house keepers. The
South must establish hospitals and aims
houses for the sick and needy; It must e.
tsblish cheap and regular rates on railroads
and csnsls 10 erigranis, aud do everything
to show that IL il not only anxious b see the
Germans come among them, but they must
also satisfy their former governments that
the south is 10 earnest TO fulfill the obiga-
tons which a call for settlers imposes upon
any government or society.
The States engage in sn enterprise en- %
.irely new 10 them. lt will require wise
measures not 70 begin wrong. Should they
displease the first settlers, they may rest as
sured il will be long before they succeed
again 20 get them away from the old Vest
sTn track would recommend that every
Southern State shoald appoint capable per-
sons and send them North 20 study thor
oughly the measures which New York, for
instance, has adopted in the promotion %
the welfare and security Of emigrauis, aud
establish similar laws and experiences.
The South, with lie enormous natural re-
sources. its fertile lands for The production
Of valuable staples, its forests, minerals,
and water power, may rest assured that her
new enterprise viii be richly remuueraied F;
she will soon see her properly increase in
value, and become the Wealthiest portion Of
the Union"
The United States, alive 70 the importance
Of securing the largest number Of immi-
grants, have established q Bureau Of lmmi-
grafton attached 70 the stats Department a.
Washington, and a'so an Emigrant Office IN
the City Of New York. under charge OF q
superintendsnt. This leg.siatiouf In con
uection with the Homestead Law, which
passed Congress on the 2ath 81 May, 1862
sud makes q donation Of 100 acres b. each
settler, Is having very marked eject, and
should advise the South Of the difficulties
which encompass her e1perimeui, and OF
The course Of action likely b. remove them
The Commissioner Of immigration %
Wellington has thrown into pamphlsi form
al the laws and Instructions relatiug 70 The
general subiect3 end cnused the same % BE-
distributed ia Europe, I'M The English,
Preach and German lauEuagea. FROM a
COPY which be was good enough 10 furnish
extract some questions which are pro
bounded 70 the several State Governments.
i. Whist class Of unskiiled lahoress are
most required in you- ate and neighb r
bood 81 tbe present time, aud the average
wages paid { the slmef
:. What kinds 81 mechanics o. srtizans
are e.rtais % rmpldymeu aud tie average