New-York daily tribune., 1865-12-16

|
vii work for neighboriug farmer for few days,
finding the nSelves" The farmers say that they do
like TO employ tho baSse tey cannot be rcsd apor
men tLey drive thcm That is to saw their labor
Is even Inefficient and tbaa that of
the slaves.
careful observer in this Section and The South Caroline
Nexs will find them indursed by Southern coIportcRr
who stationed in this region. aud whose report is
published in the Charleston papers OF fe0rpsry 1855.
lie says oS these people;
Tbe larger portion Of the inhabitants seemed to be totally
given up tsa specie. Of gensl hslncs on which carried
m wiichcra and attributed everything that hsppencc good
or bad - the sgcucy OF persons whom they supposed pos
scssed OF evil spirits"
There is higher grade of poor whites "a this part OF
the State, but. Mr. 0lmstead says their number IL
extremely smg.' | remember but two or three ialui'
lies % them. Those that saw be describes correctly;
Tie majority Of what have erue cd tnrpentipe or'aers-
meaning the ell propreors of tn, onggaYed pne oes
snd rropl bu, grade superior casrsrcr ard coudoh
these vsgubonds. They have sbahons more kr hovrs-
oat wludow. Of zo-s but with pieces Of substantial ID
fashioned heirloom furniiure vegetable garden IN Wich
however, you mud no vegetable but What they cat coau
(co.evorl fer green's. fewer dc SWINE aud 'sr
eearug or nle bu, better crops then the pcoet css
Their property S vfrtheless. oien Of considerable oy
value consisting msiny Of negroes Who ussocsting utiriey
with their ssters OF superior Intelligence 10 tho 'as- o
the westhief classes The lsrr propreors who ar a'o
often planters cul,ying tho richer low aGds ore,
souem.s. seGtrnrn Of good ests;- intelligent cugat,d
snail"
The ignorance OF tbess degraded and semicivized
people il astonishing. Even in Raleigh Di'trici--in
| the counties which touch on wake Conuty-iorty out
Of every hundred voters can neither read nor WIi'e TO-
day.
! We will never have harmonious country until CON
pnsory education Ia enforced in the SouihcOmpnIs0ry
nrh disanohis1ent as tie Ptaay gor rtsc'fng co'
tatary instruction.
| THE SLAVES OF NORTH CAROLINA.
| I walked from Wilmington Ia Manchcster-the route
have Just gone over BY reilsome ten or twelve wears
ago. can recognize 10 Improvements aus where since
then. Let me recall the condition OF the happy and
contented slaves, as saw it during my pedestrian
journey.
The negroes who worked on tie railroad wero mainly
oyDed by the Company. OverseeTs had their gangs OF
hands all al9ag the road The slress ratons varied,
q different poin!s, ~ II dePepded on the overseer'
The average alowaues was tecs OF Indian meal two,
and a.half pounds of bacon week. two quits OF he
ooarsest clothing one blanket and one lat year Noe
q dollar Of money did they ever receive,
These hands slept In uiserabe sLarties along the line
of railroad. Their mattress was a,gaiy an inclined
pine board-nothlng better. rnor or softer, a. can
toiify from repeated personal experience Their COW
1 erng was a single b.snheI. Iho frepaces IN these
luts were generally clumsiy constructed lwtl
cbimn9ys bUit oa;sdc thst pl the peat was swooped
M fast il generated instead Cf being diu1sod
throughout tbs rood la such cases the temperature
OF the cabin at ts season oi the wear was bitterly colo
and uncomfortable. frequently awoke. at a hou.s oil
the night sbiyering with cod and iwnys found shver
ing slaves huddIed up the FIRE The negroes were
not released from their work Ln sundoVn, ahd aiter
that they had 20 cook thcir Gsh.cakes or mu5h, or
very filthy and unhomel'. As the railroad had bo use
for women these bands were all separated IN Virginia
from their families. ard many q. thrm, ionnu' ma
wives in the Old Dominion. whom they never more eN
pectcd to see To add their dsoonten'. they seldom
saw of their race. rs tie same rue governed
The pantationsi for % women We're oi iittie use 10
max ng rosn and turpentirc the hands oyed IN that
manuf ,cture were hired by the yeaI IN virginia ana
therefore seldom woman. never TIER families
from Christmas 20 Christmas. AT that season. Tor
week they were allowed tO go home, either 10 be hired
To the same aster again. or Otherwise, 90 theI 0Nner
deemed ft 49,
The ration Of the pllntstion hands varied on different
pla n,atous and in different lUcies. Like the slaves
everywhere in Virginia. The Carolinas and Georgia,
they received one peek OF Indian meal week. VI
these turpontine plantations some masters allowed
them Ina addition quart of Olasses and i've pounds
Of pork others quart Of moiases and three POUNDS
OF pork Others agau. two or tVoSnd s'ha POUNDS oi
pork without tho moassee. Oh many plantations thc
slaves were allowed but peck Of meal, without any
other provisions la such cases they were granted the
privilege Of keeping poatry They sold the eggs on
sunday or at light and bought PS,A or tes'.ap's Y,
exc out their soanty allowance They baked the meal
into cakes or made mush az Il peek OF meal Is 20
much any one person can consume IN week. NO
slave n ihs region complained To me OF the quan
thy OF his allowance Several who received no pork
or only two POUNDS fortnight groVied. ives not
nuf fed. ma.sa for do work dn takes out ON US and
others declared that toe o the diet wos SICK.
eung. On no plantation, save one dd ever near that
any money given to the slave Tbs exception was
hard MASTER bat he agreed 10 pay his hands my dol
lars a year II tncy zach dill certain extra emonnt OF
work. The only money ever given to country ris,
gers" was at Christmas when some o"neis presented
their hands ten fifteen dollars The majority how
ever never gave their boudmen a cent
Thank God that this social system has received its
snuipons 10 die II not vet its de- th-hOW
LE6REE II rHTFoEA.
On the trip South. We made connections everywhere
This dad prevent us however, IRON being dunped I
down at Florence (sonth Carolina) at siA O'Clock III
the evening, TO start again until Two O'Clock next
After supper went to the Office Of the captain in |
command OF The post Two oldiers were sitting on the
steps at the door
We'll. boys" said. "how ore you getting on I
What you doing hereI 49,
"Ohl pretty we'll" said one Of the soldiers we've
got nothing to do here but attend to tue nggers
What have you 10 do with themr asked
well you know he rci,insd. "tbe niggei's got to
have mastcf; ana h, now ,St Is hes on eo
had a gray cost on did he take me for Eebeit
would see; so tht whatever evidence he gave, might
be oniirey genuine.
Twenty ninth Maine" they said.
I'm from Massachusetts"
Wei. now, what's the trouble with the nesroest'
resumed. az, -,
won't work The panteN come ia every day or two, !
complain Of them and then We go out ana attend 10
thcm." -
"Ohr nc said, "by God. we tie en- ap ny ihe
thumbs. and make 'em mindp
This was the first intinauon that had that our
white troops IN South Carolina have been over |
whcImed morally and are ect.ag the part OF lie.
erccs 10 coucilete the Icd.habded traitors Of that
infamous State The full evidence. for one month. oi
ibis iainentabie fact you have already pubish
These same soldiers described The poor whites ol
South CarOlna-u that disric-as more lsxy, more
neentious more brutsly degraded and more Ignorant
than the plantation hands whom thoy "iie up by the
thumbs"
A similar description Of this class was given TO 'ne
next ay on the br the Major OF snoiher Regiment
ON dnty I'm the same district. No poor whites' |
What nextl But IL required greater stretch Of con
science 10 assert tie existence OK refined cbNary III
Tie south deny the existence OF the class of poor
whites Our troops lornd the poor whites every WHERE
but he clig aTt-uopLe
srgDMAN OK COMPULSORY LABOR.
Good stnrv Is tod Of Gen. Stedmnn. now IN cenl