, 1865-07-25
[F1om our Owa Correspondent

Things.
[FIom onr ow1 Correspondent
1E4Pn1s, Tenn, Jrly Is, 1855,
The subject upon which both Northern
and Southern people are at this time most
interested, is tho exact state Of feeling Of
the controlling clements Of our Southern
population. In, the North one class Of Oh.
servers suppose that although there may be
no intention In the South to attempt rebel.
los again, Jet difficulties viii certainly ea-
sue and the restoration Of law and order bs
checked, and, at least, the security Of Union
men be endangered, and the possibility Of fn-
tu1e civil commot1ons kept alive, unless the
universal amnesty, which seems Inevitable,
shou}d be coupled with guarantees Of the
Fight Of voting to the only entirely loyal
claes in the 8outh-the h1acks. Another
class Of Northern people wish the nation to
dodge the question Of negro sun;age By re-
ferrlug It back to the States. This class be-
lIeye that the bitter experience OF the last
three years, and tho evident material inter-
esta Of the South will gradually and surely
lead 1t back TO loyalty and hearty support
easce sa fao t. Feera aaho1 @ Z Ts 81 class a
OF thinkers care more for such pacilcatlon Us
will win the favor Of the Southern Hhite Deo-
pie, than for the 'natusal rights Of the blacks,
Or fears Of possible imputations on the good
fifth Of the Federal Government In having
used tie blacks when it was In imminent
danger, Jet sacrificing their rights and inter
ests to the pre]aaices Of the late enemies Of
the nation. The first class contend for mi.
veEenl sufItase, with the consciousness that
they have to oppose the prejadlces ot perhaps
q majority Of the nation. The latter class
dodge behind reference to State action with
h4 rrrarin1EreER Jn
generous or manly.
Here In the S0uth these two classes OF
| thinkers have their representatives among
Unicn men, aud the latter class il sustained
by a large majoiity Of ths e1-rebcls OF the
comfy, Seeking to arrive at the haven OF
ruth asd political expedieucv, propose
! very br.tdy to notice 1ac.s illustrating the
| condition OF the Souih, ard then dlaT me
own conclusions, Eith.nt reference to parl-
san or sectional Opinions.
1st- In all parts ofthe South thsre are man
and weMen who bitterly regret ths failure of
tlc rebellion, who are dissatisfied with Union
authority, and who will zetard the rsstora-
! ton Of pIhce, lRT and order II thcy can
Many OF these persons havs not ytt taken
tie oath Of a'leSiAnce. and they nat oaly ut
ter disloyal and very hostile sentiments, bat
they, IN sine places, render 1t unsafe for
Union mtn who have been driven avly by
the reteil:0n to rttuEn to their hc1nez. In
| II any counties ol this State there are goIns
on Vay!a3snEs anl aksasstuato ons, aud q
quati guerilla War between Uuion aud rebel
9.ish s1s. This Is the case eTcn IA Upton,
Htsdeman and o!hcr counties IN West fen
er counties II North Mississippi not far re-
moved from Federal military Ru.hority.
ID There is throughout tho Sonlh q grow
Ing consc!ousness that slavery Is Rb ,liched
and can only be restored in a limited des &c,
If At all, by State action tnaetsng vagraucy
snd debt laws. Many bi itcrls regret thu
abolition Of Slavery, and would very gener-
ully irdorse the establishment of som 5thsny
! akin to Mexican peon slavery.
Sd. There arc limited number OF luai.
riduals In the South who desire a continu.
ance Of anarchy for tie sake Of more securely
pe7retrating outrsses, commit ,ins rot,5esi sies,
and taking reVcnees. The number of this
class Is 20 small aa scarcely to deserve atteu-
zion tut for the fact that they, especially
when under the influence Of fiiquor, talk tr,a-
son, k,ep alive an uneasy slate Of public
feeling. GLd lead many persons to suppose
that inc South might eatfly be p1ecipitated
into tn6tt c1 outbreak at any u.om.nt.
lib. In every little TO va ard Village, nearly
Throughout the = nth, 7sa1tts hAve pene.
t.ased md n. secu'ely pursuing ,hri. a7oea.
tx NJ. II ere being probably ttTer zobo :rie.
IL proportion to population perpetrst-d In
the Southern aud Southwestern States thar
n any other part Of the coautrS. Tnls may
| ! in part be due to the pfesenc. Of the mill
: tery At strat &c positions. but ID mainly tc
nc attributed TO general desire for quiet
! lav. and order.
5tb. Projects for the re-establ!ahment O.
newspapers 1T Bolivar, Canton. Holly Springs
Panols, end almost every other little caua
try town throughout the South, meet viii
the hearty co-opeEat:on Of the people.
. 9th. Ere!yEhe1e pfcj. cts for the recon
the Moth and Sou'h, meet with The approx
al, AID, as ar a6 their mems permit, the CO
! operation Of the Southern people.
7ih. Every mater isl sn.tfes: of tie Soutt
iavo1s peace, Law, cider an1 allegiance II
Ftderal authority.
S.h. 4 great man5 people In the ssnth
! felge1tirG tbat the negro his done most o
the wolE that has been done heretofore
doubt his Willingness to do 60 now that he i
fer, and think thai 'elripg plan alton labor
. The b1scks WILL 1rck into the cities to live b,
%egtrg or vice That Insecurity in th
sral protection canI OF b. dubbed, but 81
,ht ugh they arc ID this Gig. probably II 1T
: runerl Us than the whites, yet there are tel
+ white 1ostess who dsn't work for one blacl
q ole who liyes In tdlene=s.
. 9th. 4 few foo!s In rural districts do an,
for some time may occasionally ill.tes
; Hacks who have beer made Tree by the w.r
: AID good many planters, uouss1 to paTn
1 blhcks for their labor, aud thas reco4;u4ztn
r. tbt1r tight to bargain, may, as maay hay
! kHtAtT. nHt uthfOtt uHIt1 FttutS1 VI p4
! md than cheat them out OF ihesr wages. bu
j. the great bady ct planters sFtl soon kuu,
s that the better they treat jobosers. and lh
I nore fairly theT pay them ths more rcadl
= will lands be procured aud THIS viii, FOR
motives of interest, II from D., higher c Insid
ctatiLrs, learn to tseat the blacks as men.
e 10Th. There is throughout the South
r claes Ct demaEogues who have heretofore al
: ta.ned position By pandesing to the slay:
!. bolding interest, and as these fellows, /
!. the Bourbnns, never learn anything, they al
6 labo1ing by political chitanery 70 reta'
1 toclal and puhtirai influence in tho hands {
J., ihe eau1e class that hss heretofore cont1olle
\ u m. .-....
= 11th. Bitterly opposed to this class n
many men who have served In the rebel arm!
c having been driven into 1t ny the dsm
o cpeues In the interest Of the slave power.
O From these elements We deduse that II
= South Ia IN ccniustd d, unsettted state, b.
that there Is an evident pred0m'nance Of Il
u iufnlnces that tend to peace pefmanectl !.
3 under the mgts Of the constitution aud Ii
/ which must neutralize all efforts to establ:s
.r peon slavery, OF restore to the slave fntsre
VI y ite lo11ner social and politica. power.
l. Tht first and most Important OF these
Ct | The establishment Of Fteedmen's Con i
X and the recognition In them Ct tbs negro
-, Introduce the testimony OF elacks II that
~, desired.
III Throughout the South the courts refuse
r. b!Acks tut right to testify, just as u Ia we
re- atd judges are competent TO tell When
~ wlite man lies, hut arc not able to tell VII
w ncg1o lies. The rtason given Is ,ha; I
m crots are go PR nc to lie. Supp15e this Is {
te ate negrocs 90 smart that Cuui is caunot {
ttct titlr liea? It is not tlue, however. )
cloet, where they have no interest, are
likely to tell truth Us anybody.
cc Our State Courts IetCee to neg' oes the r's
- to testify in any case where the interest Of
.e- While ID involved. This involves depri'
K. ton Of justice In very nanJ cases It P
ar yeuts pegroes sueirg for just debts-lt ?
rn vents punishment for the grcsscst outras
=, iahicted upon th.m-it deprlses the negro
- what Is esEcuttll TO the enjoyment o1 ff
be don't cannot be permitted hY the Fedc
Ito power. Fret dmeu's Co'rts, authorized
ar set Of Congress, must and Ntll be e:taol
-. ri, and then a curious dilemma will ari
20 Either these courts will be considered d II
IT, {aty courts. and neither whites nor bla<
If, can demand In fbem the jury trial whsct
MS guarantee ~ the constitution Of the Uni
hin .sta,ea in all criminal cases, and In Ill cl
~. ! CASES where twenty dollars OF interest Is
LUG yolyed, or tkese courts will be conside
up civil courts, and all parties In them, includ
~ $k- \