East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-07-05

productions Of his os0n, comtry." The
Senate Of the United States refused
to advise the President to rstify the
treaty-a portion Of it was expunged
to the satisfaction of Great Britain,
and it was finally ratified by the two
governments. The commercial re.
strictiohs-of this treaty were of short
duration, and expired in 1907, when
Mr.. Monroe the resident Minister al
London, was instructed by President
Jefferson to open new treaty, and
apart from many subjects Of deep in
terest and which at one period, seri-
ously threaened hostilities between
the two nations, he was expressly in
structed (as his predecessor had been
before him, to regulate and settle the
commercial intercourse between the
United States and British possessions
in America, in some manner which
would prove satisfactory and benefi-
cial to both nations. Mr.. Monroe
opened a negotiation in pursuance Of
his instructions, and settled treaty
which Mr.. Jefferson rejected on his
own responsibility in consequence of
its not including any article upon the
subject Of mprsssment, and which Mr..
Monroe was instructed should be the
sins gss non of any arrangement. 1t
was also deficient in any provision
upon the subject Of the commercial
intercourse between the United States
and the British Colonies in North
America, except an agreement to re-
new the negotiation at some future tame.
From circumstances, which it is not
necessary here to mention, and shortly
before the rejection of this treaty, Mr..
jefferson recommended, in his mes
sage to Congress, to lay an embargo
on all American vessels trading to
British ports. This was Immediately
done, and was soon followed by laws
prohibiting exportstion from the Uni
ted States in any vessel to the ports Of
either Great Britain or France. These
laws were succeeded by others pro-
hibiting importations into the United
States in any vessel from any Of these
ports, and on the lst Of March 1909,
there was established a complete sys-
tenn of non.intercourse between the
two countries. In three years after
wards the United States declared war
with Great Britain, and this was fol-
lowed by the treaty of Ghent in De-
eember, 1914, terminating the war
and putting an end to the restrictions
imposed by the United States on its
own commerce.
This treaty containing no CONNER
cial stipulations, Great Britain imme-
diately re-established her colonial
system, and appropriated the right as
formerly exercised, to the exclusive
trade of all Of her colonial possessions
The adoption OF these measures was
soon followed by instructions from
President Madison to three Of the
C,or,nisssorf.-~ iMessrs Adams, CLAW,
and Gallatin) TO proceed to London
and negotiate new commercial treaty
with Great Britain, and to include in
it the subject of the colonial trade be-
tween the United States and the Brit
ish possessions in North America
The Commissioners commenced the
performance Of their labors, and in
the course of their negotiations offered
as the basis Of the proposed treaty,
" that the vessels Of either nation
should be received into all the ports
Of the other upon the same terms
with its own" This proposition was
accepted on the part OF Great Britain,
only SO far as it could be made appli-
cable TO her possessions III Europe, and
refused when asked to extend it to
her other colonial dependencies. The
only new feature in this treaty over
the former is the one mentioned, and
being regarded by both governments
as an untried and hazardous expert
ment, which might be the subject Of
much annoyance and complaint be-
tween the two nations, it was mutu-
ally stipulated thR it should continue
in force for four years only. 1t was
concluded on the 30th Of July, 1915,
and ratified by the President, by and
with the advice and consent of the
Senate, the 22d day Of December,
1915, and carried into effect by an aci
of Congress passed March lst, 1916.
Thus it will be seen that so far as
any provision upon the subject of the
American colonial trade, the United
States were precisely in the same sit.
uation they had before occupied
when Great Britain, in the summer oi
1915, adopted what are called hel
{" Free Port Acts" by which Bermuds
and some Of the ports in North Amer
lea we're opened, under certain restrc.
tons, to vessels of the United States
This measure was far from being sat
isfactory,o and limited a commerc'
recurring a greater field of action
President Madison perceiving this, ant
being himself aware that many con
siderations Of an essential characte'
and desirable to the United States hat
not been settled or adjusted by tn,
Treaty Of Ghent nor by the labors O
the three commissioners, authorizes
by Mr.. Adams, who had then. .becom
the resident Minister Of the Unite'
States, to open another negotiation
and to include in it (the fourth at
tempt) some arrangement relative .
the British American colonial trade
In pursuance Of these instruction. !,
1 Mr.. Adams had an interview with tn
Minister Of Foreign Affairs, Lor
Castlereagh, the account Of which Nj
Adams gives in his letter to the Amer
, ican Secretary Of State, dated IondoI
August oath, 1916 At this interview
Lord Castlereagh informed him thu
his government declined entering in'
any negotiation relative to the con
mercial Intercourse between the Un