, 1865-02-18
WINES AND MANUFACTURERS IN
ILLINOIS,
The Coal Field Of Illinois.

AAAANVAS<
thin mistakes of The early c.n3orere IN the
,rls. 49, stf,1 ,,s,,,at -,atea =, ~ or-o,t
"ees' ~ ~ s"e ~41
opinions o1 tne people. 6eolog1cal errors arc
little likely to be corrected white the State
rfats the on1y authentic ernosIt;oo of {ts
e. s.a,,s1 ,a0o,...o. ~ - t1.Ns.sue
La M '1a resources W WHICH LUG poouc can
haEe access. consequently we IND even we'll
nntions mon snbeet W con'mon n NC n1ace ess ~
49, ofcosa
'nas :. ~oa.'
Books and maps hitherto published hare
persisted In representing the State of Illinois
as one vast unlroken sheet nj coal except-
nerhana The extreme northern md southarn
I:. 49, S',.-NA
pofl'ohs. "e nave oeen 'ausnt 10 oel1eVe
that over every part Of this immense basin,
having an area Of about 40. 600 SQUARE miles,
ralusble sea,ns of coal were sn,eed ant The
...a,.,.., - -.
exposures ~: coa! " tne surface At Il oaue'
Rock -tslano' DanF1lle, Beneville, Carbon"
dale; and near the Indiana line, we're held to
. be. the out-cronninrs of- a has;n which
,tha fnfer;or nf the S4ata ~ Ga,nact;n~ ne those 80
ernosnrds. Nv 1,na tao onr1S nhserVers
mari ~: r. IN tba naan +. 10 6an3do-v ~ the
TIifnn;a coo1 fs1S X @ ;..n,oss;ns. ~ oto.,a1
ra1Ir e,;Van thot onvwhara fnsiia:of MS I;no
workable veins Of coal could be obtained.
aa.s ;a;o,,s ~ ~; t.a sas ~ ~.
Ts'sn a,,oe4a,;n - W. "4 rtss' ~ onS
.s'sl ~ ~ pai ~ - ~, ~"
!nfss1R Inass sapto1s1 h 1soisao :" S
t4n Guai: "1as4 W loL ocsonn, ~ iI1uruS ~
deryalue lie deposits OF coal actua1ly existing.
One o. the greatest practical difficulties to Be
overcome. Il getting ca plta1 to open extensive
where in Illinois, II every one has 1t, no
one mine can have an extensive market tor
material SO bulky and expensive to transport.
Therefore, capitalists hesitate to embark in
enterprises which give no promise Of large Or
permanent profit. A deposito Of coal can only
be ,al9able in . district wnere tracts Of
by spaces barren of this mineral There must
be numerous consumers and feW producers,
That this popular idea OF the extent of the
coal n Minoas M u M a1togetneI erroneous. cur;
SOY surrey o. Ine gsotosleat lna!ea5ioha 1 y and
.:l setelsnee ~ actaa1 eAPief3t'ons' VIII a. once
sats'y 9s.
the great class Of stratitlcd or sedsmentary
focRs: lnese ioek9 are snoHn TO nave peen
formed oy The d1thing 4kaoose materials, as
eand. mug, Ge., INTO tne ocean, where they
are ml1cd WIN cora1s, tnells, seaHeeds, &C.,
aceu1uu1a'eo slo"ii, ouhg successive ages,
to an mmtnse thlckness. by chemical iorces
Ano uaueE lnnehse pressure t1'y we're con-
konaa'ea, anu lne'r animal ana Fegetaole re-
ns1os W. MY ps!.aasa, VI sAnnseo neo maanSs-
a!s. H4ne ad lnls @as SomS On oeneatn 1ne
cceau cuanBes VI ietei ol uotu Tue oeean eea
&nu uly tana "slu coastaniy atMy oecnLlng [3ng
Su@e talts nele iis.ag, e.aeis "slG snAIag;
nom IJr.o9 3s u, ,ne 9ceaa ueo neaoFe s9oa.
"atel Hnks thousand iatnoms oeep. go"
Sast tract 1!ses aooFe 1ne wafer ana pe-
comes IN ls1ano, or an audubon ot tne MAN
'and., ~
:. on THESE faahns anu on 10" iands sklftln:ts
the snofe, segetatlon Wonlo gro" RANK aua
I Injurious, and slowly accumuiatlng, az IN our
modern pest marshes, would form 10 time
| immense deposits Of Dog and peat. These
| Noaio. IN numerous cases. s1nk below me sec
| levei sana ana muo rom Inc ,a aalacent laho
| ~ono sloNly aceumaiate. Ing our oe1ne
| thnt ont tney conla ne aGcay. gaaer knn"n
| enemleaI laMs tno 9ltunlnous 1elmehtat'o9
Monla taks p1ace ana m tne noe as pseSsfa
nIo cohpaetuess y tue Tremendous "elent
OF me oFesiyhg 1o1mauons ana the sea,
Eculu become coal: ~ supple pressure nc
now make tne nost soho coal 11nm the so!t
1eat OF or modern mafshes, we nave The
strongest cTlaencc mat ~ q manner some.
formed, thongh Of other vn.leties Of plants,
and under cofdltons OF climate, iar more f.
Sofap!e 10 FeEeIaole acculnulatlons. lne
ing %onde'ini monuments 10 the DONATIONS
Ifthe ocean wcre drained and Its mud dried
! find nature ut work enbslmfng, SO to speak,
| all the creations and growth of our time.