davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

NEw HARTToRD.-Rsv. J. A. Whitaker oi Philadelphia, for three years chaplain in the army, new agent of the Sanitary Commission,
 6 most perfect gentleman and pleasing speaker, pronounced. on Thursday evening, 4th inst, st New Hartford. in the presence of large and intelligent audience, a very eloquent and instructive address, on the origin, work of, and great good accomplished by the Commis- sion, which has already expended nearly eleven millions of dollars in aid of our sick, wound ed and needy soldiers. It is noble work, and worthy of the liberal patronage it has en- joyed. as is we'll known. Such is it's mission,
 -sanitary-that its benefcent work can cease, only with the disbanding of our army and upon the discharge of the last soldier from our hospitals. r
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11
BY HIS ExcEILENCY WILLIAM A. BUCKINGHAM, GOVERNOR or THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT A PROCLAMATION.
BY HIS ExcELLENe

WHEREAS, An Act of the General Assembly entitled "An Act relating to State Bounties,' '' approved May l7th, 1864, provided that the Governor, if he should " deem it needful fds the public benefit" might cause the payment of three hundred dollars to cease, which by the third section of An Act to provide for the Bounty to Volunteers and for other purposes, '' approved January 18th. 1864, was made paya- ble to the order of each non-commissioned off Ger. musician, or private, who should enlist and be mustered into the service of the United States and be placed to the credit of the State; and whereas, the War Department, by an of. 6cial notice dated the 18th instant, has made known it's decision to stop all drafting and re. cruiting in the loyal States
 Therefore I, WI. A. BUCKINGHAM. Governor of the State of Connecticut, deeming it need full for the public benefit do issue this, my proclamation to cause the further payment of three hundred dollars, as provided by the act referred to above, to cease and hereby de. clare that no person who may enlist and be mustered into the service of the United States after this date, shall be entitled to such State bounty.
 Given under my hand and the Seal of the State, at the City of Norwich, this, the 17th
 -~ day of April, in the year of our Lord 1, one thousand eight hundred and sixty
 ,. i've, and of the Independence of the
 United States the eighty-ninth.
 VIM. A. BUCKINGHAM. By His Excellency, the Governor.
 J. HAMMOND TRUABurL, Secretary of State.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11
Debts and U. s. Stocks.

The creation of National debts is not a mod. eIn improvement, but the ability of great nation to provide for great debt, and to make it the most convenient and best form of per sonal property, is a modern wonder. The debt of Great Britain was begun by raising mil lion sterling by loan in 1892, and when her great contest with Louis XIV was terminated, the debt had reached fifty millions. Many statesmen and economists were then alarmed at the great burden which had been imposed upon the industry of the country, but when the war of the Austrian succession had swell ed this amount to eighty :smillions, Macauley says that historians and orators pronounced tho case to be desperate. But when war again broke out. and the national debt was rapidly carried up to one hundred and forty millions. men of theory and business both pronounced thst the fatal day had certainly arrived Da. vid Hume said that, although, by taxing ;ta energies to the utmost, the country might hos. sibly live through it, the experiment must never be repeated even a small increase miobt be fatal Granville said the nation must sink under it unless some portion of the load was borne by the American Colonies, land the at. tempt to impose this load produced the war of the revolution, and, instead of diminishino, ad. ded another hundred millions to the burden. Again, says Macaulay, was England given over, but again she was more prosperous than ever before. But when at the close of her Napoleonic wars in 1916, this debt has been swelled up to the enormous sum of over eight millions sterling, or four thousand three hun dred million dollars, or nearly one half the entire property of the United Kingdom, the stoutest heart, the irmest believer in national progress and national development. might we'll have been appalled,. But in the very face of this mountain of obligation,-to say nothing of her vast colonial possessions, s,-the property of the British nation has been more than treb. lea, and her debt is now . charge of but 123 per cent. against it. All that Great Britain mas done in paying cur debt, we shall do, and more, with ours. We have vast territories un toucned by the blow, mines of all precious metal of which we have hardly opened inc doors, population full of life, energy enter. prise and industry, and the accnmu,ated
 wealth of money and labor of inc old cc,,r- fries pouring into the lap of our e;snt sna ever-to-be-united republic. During the ssrcsss and most exhausting of all possible vars ws have demonstrated our national strepcthS.~S ali the world over, national strength is but an other name for national credit. ssAs good as United Stocks" will soon be synonymous The world over with Gas good as British Consols. ,, For our part, we think U S. Treasury note. bearing seven and three-tenths annual inter. est, is just as much better than British Con sols as the rate of interest is higher Some of our timid brethren, who shipped their gold to London and invested in consols, are now glad to sell ont and invest ct home at . round jesss-and ssrvss them right
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11
fofal an6 Gountp Neps,

LlTcHFIELD.-" Nothing to say '' about the weather
 Mine host :" of the Mansion Hon.s is making very visible improvem-n, to that well. known hotel, in adding two stories to the hal. cony in front. This will make a a.l;oh,f,, promenade for his numerous puests .,d hs :, ne" attract'o" to this already appointed house
 The proprietor Of the Adams Hons. is alive also, but in another line. He mn, i, so,no fifty or seventy five bids for Postal Routes and has already drawn some good cards. with more coming. He is now the proprietor of the fol lowing in this State:
 From Collinsvilie to Wolcottyilie,
 New Milford to Washington.
 In New York State:
 From Kensico Depot to North Castle.
 Copake Iron Works, to Gellatinevills,
 Chatham Four Corners to Green River
 Hudson to Clarmont.
 '' Poughkeepsie to Glove.
 |" Peekskill to Katonah. ..... ...
 " Katonah to Lewisboro.
 Georges opinion must be that ali tn, worlds Sage.
 -Mr. George Kinney has received his com mission to take our mail to the depot for thu next four years. Everybody is glad of it.
 Our enterprising Post Master has inaagu rated measures for uniting us with New Yorl city by tseo daily mails to the great accomms datioD of our business community. and to tn qualification of our summer residents. We are glad to inform the public tha there is now prospect of our Parks being pu in good repair immediately. Subscriptions fo nearly sufficient amount have already bee advanced. and the work will be presse vigor ously.
 - Messrs. Garry Potter and Adam Watt, i company of Adjt Vaill started for Cold Ha, hor yesterday morning, to endeavor to procur the bodies of Geo. W. Potter. Robt Watt | Apollos Morse and others of Ihe 2d Artillery killed in the battle at that place last summer David c. Buckley, Esq has bought th house belonging to the estate of the late Mrs Fanny Morse. Price S3O0O The pews in St.. Michael's church are { be rented on Monday afternoon.
 Any one who thinks that the privilee the cattle have in our streets is not publ nuisance, must have depraysd taste.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

furnished one regiment and one squadron of cavalry, three batteries of artillery, twenty nine regiments and four companies of infantry and artillery. more than two thousand volunteers for the navy, and recruits to 6Il up the ofsen decimated ranks of the above organisations and for the regular army, in such numbers that by the records of the Adjutant General it ap- pears that on the 3lst of March last. the State had been credited by the War Department up- on the quotas assigned under all calls of the President for troops. with 6ity-four thousand four hundred and sixty eight men. The Pro vost Marshal General reports a surplus of one thousand two hundred and eleven men stand ing to the credit of the State over the number of men required on all calls hitherto made. Two thousand seven hundred and eighty five colered soldiers are included in the number of Connecticut volunteers as given above. The Twenty ninth Connecticut, composed of color ed men, was the first regiment of infantry to enter the rebel capital when the leading traitor and his army were forced to evacuats it.'
 It is gratifying proof of the support which this State has rendered to the military power of the Government, that in the last order issu cd by the War Department for draft to fill up the armies, Connecticut was excepted from its operation, while every other State east of the Mississippi. except one. was called upon to furnish more troops.'
 The wise and patriotic remarks that close the Message should be carefully read by all friends of reunion and firmly established gov ernment
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

The timely discovery of the plo, to burn Philadelphia has led to invsstigathns which show that there are some eight kunlisd con spirators bonded together for the tufpose of burning Northern cities.
 It has been decided by the President and Cabinet to reduce our military force to ons hundred and fifty thousand men. Itis stated that very large proportion of the flank ana fle-will be composed of colored troops.
 Vance, the late rebel Governor ef North Caroliaa, and one of the most malignant rebel leaders of the South, has had the consumats impudence to issue proclamation to the pso- pie of North Carolina, setting himself forth as still in actual power as the Chief Executive Of the State, and announcing his plans for the present and bio purposes for tho future.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

therefore, the aspect which the problem pre. sents, is not the proportion of debt to proper ty, but the proportion of the current interest 70 the current annual product of wealth.
 But the ease with which we can discnarge the whole war debt in 2 period of twenty years' would astonish minimizing people, and utterly confound disloyal croakers. The wealth of the Union in ls7o,is obtained by taking that of the loyal States. according to the rate of in- crease for the ten years before the rebellion, and adding thereto 25 per cent, for the wealth oi the rebellious States, instead of 33L Der cent. which was their proportion in past times. The rate of increase for the ensuing years ia calculated at ! l.6 per cent per annum. or 100 per cent. in ten years. 1t will be recollected that the rate before the rebellion was s} per cent. per annum. or l26 per cent. in ten years. The annual productis also reduced from 26 l-l2 to 25 per cent. of the capital wealth of the year.l
 Charro per cent
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

The increase of the wealth of the loyal States, it will be perceived, is reduced. after 1870, from s16 per cent to l-6 per cent per annum, and the annual product from 26.8 per cent. to 25 per cent. per annum upon the capi- tai.
 The wealth of the loyal States increased in the ten years between 1850 and 1860, just l26 per cent.--in amount no less sum than $6,000,O00, 900 or quite double the debt we are now concerned to provide for.
 The suficiency of the wealth. existing and expectant, to support, without detriment to the progressive prosperity of the country, the re- quired revenue, is thus unquestionable. Let us now glance at the ways and means of raising it.
 Under our present system of internal taxes the actual yield is at the rate of $260 O0O, ,OOO for the current calendar year. and the receipts from customs and lands, will certainly afford for the present year an aggregate revenue of S325, 100000. Now, the interest of the debt on the slst of March last, was $l03 100000 and if in the remaining nine months this form of debt shall be increased! ,OOO ,OoO at T. 30 per cent. per annum, the total interest will be a fraction less than Sl26, ,OO0, ,0oO, leaving of the treausury receipts $2oO, ,OoO 900 for ordinary expenditures. With pease restored, the civil, military, and naval expenditures will not ex- ceed this sum, and the growth of the perman- ent debt will cease within the conjectural limit we have assigned it.
 The burden of public debt is not at all understood merely by the figures which express it's amount, nor by the per capita average to population, nor yet by it's proportion to the capital wealth upon which it is charged. The payment of the principal is, by the terms of the contract, postponed for longer or shorter period, and to Government in good credit, the reimbursement may be further protracted at will, and while thus not demandable by the public creditor. may be treated as burden in expectancy only, or. as though during the in- terval 1t did not exist. The annual interest accruing is the form which its actual pressure takes. and until the time of reimbursement # takes no lother. For all practical purpose..
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11
WING & sHUMwAy. Proprietors.
1atohaeld. Conn, Thursday, May II, lses
THE NATIONAL DEBT.

Dr. William Elder has published, under the auspices of the Treasury Department, a paper regarding our National Finances, from which We glean the following interesting facts:
 On the lst of July next. we shall have total debt of s2,557 ,5s2,6O5. The statements from which these figures are taken. embrace every item of debt known to the Treasury De- partment--all bonds, notes, temporary loans. certificates of indebtedness, fractional currency outstanding, and all acquisitions of the War, Navy, State and Interior Departments, lying unpaid upon the Secretary's table. And the highest total probable debt at the end of the war may reach the round sum of 8, ,OOO, ,0OO,- 900, when all is settled known, and provided for
 On the 3lst of March, 1865, the total amount of the interest-bearing debt was Sl.s5l.4l6.37O the annual interest amounting to $l02 ,836 ,531, al average of 5.55 per cent. per annum. Of the bonds and notes which make the aggregate of the interestbearing debt, 27611s millions are at 5 per cent, l,ll7 millions at per cent lz61S millions at 6.46 per cent (the compound interest notes). and 3Ol millions at 7.3O per cent. The compound interest notes will all be due in June, 1867, and the 7.30s are payable or convertible into per cents in August, 1867 and 1868. It must be recollected, also, that the 51O millions of 5-20 bonds issued under the act of February, 1862, will be payable, at the option of the government on the lst of May, 1867; and the 520s, into which the pres ent running loan of 73O notes are convertible, will, in like manner, be payable in August, 1872 and 1873. It is entirely probable that all these stocks will, at the period designated for their optional payment by the government, be changed, if not discharged, into per cent. loans. We are, therefore, entirely safe in put. ting the average rate of interest upon our per manent debt at 51s per cent per annum, pay able halfyearly. The average interest upon the total debt, including 5l5k millions in green backs and fractional currency. is now but 4.35 per cent. per annum. For the year 1866, We assume the principal at 2,7OO millions, and the interest at l4e millions; thereafter the debt is taken at 5000 millions, interest l65 millions. The census of 1860 gives us the data for stating the wealth of the loyal States (slaves excluded) at l0,7l6 millions, and the products of the year at 2,s7o millions, or 268 per cent. of the capital. We know, also. that the uaal.A .s.l~-,-y-Ln.-aes increased in the ten years. l850- 60. at the rate of l26 per cent, or 81s per cent. per annum. Assuming these amounts and rates as hass, We have, for June, 1865, wealth of l6,ll2 millions, and an annual product of 4,3lS mill lions, on which sum the l26 millions of interest would be 2.9l per cent The like calculation for the period to which the longest of our out standing per cent. bonds run before they can be converted to lower rates of interest. would stand thus (all sums stated in millions of dol, lars except the percentages):
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

FALLS VnLAGE.-Three more of the Ames guns. were tested last week to ten rounds each with charge of twenty-five pounds of powder and l25 pound shot. The third gun was blown apart, at the first round, in precisely the sa me manner as the one which exploded at the tria of the first eleven guns. The breech. including the vent and six inches iu length of the can non, was blown off in one solid mass, showing, as before, an imperfect weld
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11
Charge per cent. Millions upon annualproduet of nn11~ ro of tha nninn-

One per cent. on 300,0OO millions pays s3,OOO, 900 ,OOo. the principal of the debt.
 The faith of the nation is pledged for the discharge of all i:s obligations, its people have passed through wonderful experience of their fnarcial ability from hope to confidence. and the cautious moderation of the above calcula- tions show that. early and easily. the National Debt can be paid.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

s@ Our Litchfield Post Office has received the compliment of having been designated as . money order office In the appointment of offices that can issue money orders, the off, cers of the department have selected the lar. gest and most central ones. This seems to us like great mistake.
 The object of this system is to provide for the safe transmission of money through the mails Upon depositing the money at one of the offices designated. ws receive an order upon that office, for which we have to pay from one-half to one pet cent, and winch is discountable at any other money order office in the United States. But no single order can be issued of larger degree than thirty dol lars and, desiring to transmit large sum, we are obliged to purchase two or more sepa- rate orders, at perhaps an increased rate of dis count. For instance if we wish to transmit thirty-6ve dollars to New York city. We must procure an order of thirty dollars at charge of one-half per cent, and another of five dol. lars at charge of one per cent. Now wherever Bank is accessible, we can procure 8 draft on New York city, for any amount, at one quarter per cent discount. This is equally as sgts as Post Office money order, and from one-half to three-fourths cheaper.
 If, on the other hand, the authorities would designate, under this system. the small offices that are remote from Bank accommodations, the result would be an incalculable benefit to su h communities.
 The only practi> al advantage of the money order system over the established Bank accom-. modations. is in sending money to those great distances (ths Territories. perhaps, and Cali fornia) where the exchange on draft will ex- ceed the charge for Post o flee order.'
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

b0One more installment of Twenty dollar. has been received from North Canaan, by Mr Colt, Treasurer of the Flag fund. Who dc not the people of this County awake to this call ofduty and honor? The first we will know the Second Artillery will be marching into ou. streets. without an appropriate or decent ensign to tell the story of their triuuphs. Then acil not you be ashameds
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

s@ We have received a copy of pam phlet issusd by Leavitt < Hunweil, of Boston 2 e's-.sjDut Peat as. an article oi Fuel" The work discusses briefly the origin and composition of Peat, and enters very mi nutely into record of the localities where il may be found. We looked in vain through its pages for the recital of some facts" concern ing the historic character by that name (Pete, who had wife and couldn't keep her."
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

sAIIssuar.-On Wednesday, the 18th inst ,, the house of Henry Blistwick, near Salisbury Centre, took fire. from burning chimney, and was burned to the ground.
 William P. Russell, Esq, who has repre- scented this town several times in both branch. es of the legislature, died on the 27th of April.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

KEsr.-The loyal smiles of David, mean You can never whip Jeff, were too much fer human endurance. The sYankee' left last Sabbath in disgust, for the more agreeable smiles of Kent Hollow. What next?
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

MoRRIs.-We are informed that the day af. ter the death of Wm. Deming. Esq, of Litch- field. the flag in this town was placed at half
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

A SCRIPTURE RIDDLE.
 God made Adam out of dust,
 But thought it best to make me first. So was made before the man,
 To answer Gods most holy plan.
 My body he did make complete.
 But without legs, and arms and feet. My ways and actions did control, And was born without c soul. A living being 1 became;
 Twas Adam gave to me ny name. Thence from his presence I withdrew, No more of Adam ever knew.
 did my makers laws obey,
 From them never went astfsy. Thousands of miles rosmed in fear, And seldom on the earth appear. But God did something in me see. And put living soul in me.
 A soul of me my Ged did claim. And took from me that soul again. And when that soul from me had fed. was the same as when first made. And without hands, or feet, of soul travel now. from pole to pole. labor hard both day and night. To fallen man I give great light. Thousands of people, young and old, Will by my death great light behold. No fear of death doth trouble me. For happiness cannot see. To heaven shah never go, Nor to the grave, nor hell below. Now as these lines my friends you 1ssd, And search the scriptures with great hee' And if my name you don't find there, think it strange, do declare. We know not who is the author of the abov 1t comes to us from the army, It is yer 'snious, and if any. of our readers ca sss 1t, they are smarter than ws are, an wsuld like to haze them oonfde the answs ls.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

WooDsuR1.-A dwelling house belonging to Rev Mir. Churchill of Woodbury, was destroy. cd by fire week ago last Sunday night
 Loss s2,ooo.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

A man by the name of Hamilton Marshall in Greenville, was arrested on Wednesday week for stealing $400 in U. 5. bonds and, quantity of clothing from MT. Willard, of Utica, N. r., and taken to thst city tor trial.
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

a0 Great Burlington and Southern Berk. shire want book bindery. The Bsrksbire Courier thinks that to 8 reliable man, the open. ing is good oue for prosperous and in- creasing business, and promises to help new beginner to 6 start
Litchfield enquirer., 1865-05-11

~ Gold fell to l35X on Tuesday morning, the lowest figure since September IS, 1863, just the battle of Chickamauga.