The Charleston daily news. [volume] (Charleston, S.C.) 1865-1873, 1865-08-22
MEXICO AND THE WEST INDIES,

a REVOLUTION IN HAvANA-TnE REAC1oSAEr PAR
TY-PET1TIoN TO THE PROGRESSIVE CuBANs-THE
FRENCH IN SoNoRA-THE MINING REuIoN OF So
NoRA-PoPU1ATIoN OF SoNoRA--THE YAoUIs AND
THE FRrNcH-THE FRENCH SCIENTIFIC ExPEDI-
TON IN MExIco-P1AcEs Visited BY THE ExrE-
pITIoN MD WHAT IT HAS FOUND.
HAVANA, August Q.
REVOLUTION IN HAvANA-TIE REAcr1oNARY rARTY.
The whirIwind which has 30 violently and uncx-
pectedly shaken Yankee land hos been felt not only
in the United States where it originated, but also
in our immediate neighborhood, where it now be-
gins to act Revolutions, if not civil wars
tagious; they forcibly inoculate themselves into
other people. The Island of Cuba, the Island
Queen as it is called, queen by the grace of beauty
and wealth, has caught the contagion, and is at
present engaged in the laborious work OF modifying
it's institutions. The movement has not assumed
yet the character of revolution in it's own aspect,
although intrinscany it presents as radical q re-
form us any one We have accomplished As have
already said the island is divided between two par
ties-the native party, or Gubans proper, who are
demanding an extension Of the right of suffrage,
greater amount OF local freedom, and the grad
ual abolition of slavery; and the foreign or Span
ish party, or properly speaking, the party of
office holders, headed by NJ. Dulce, the Captain
General, who is opposing the reforms proposed by
the Cubans, under the pretenco that the political
accumulation of Cuba tnow under nm exceptional
gorernment) with Spain would be untimely ans,
dangerous g: much in consequence OF the divers
;ty of race as the difficulty Of abrogating the pat-
ronage" exercised by the planters upon the labo--
crs.
have now under my eyes the petition of the
Cuban officc-hoiders to tho Queen, and q letter
published in the Epoca Of Madrid, the organ of
the present ministry, containing the grievances of
the C,lbans s-srieyances tho redress of which is
supported by the aforesaid journal. Both docu-
ments are characteristic Of the parties whose opn-
ions they represent; aha5 Prfsentea M by Inc reac
preston and by genoralties about the danger Of
innovations, the in,possibility of extending polt
cal rights to all classes, and by formal and dis
tinct opposition to the abolition of slavery. A
noteworthy passage, to which call your atten-
ton, is TINT in which slave trading is condemned
as an immoral traffic Which public opinion con-
denns. Suppose that, suspecting the sincerity Of
that opinion, you happen to turn the page, what
will you see at the end Of the document? Alas i
nothing moro or less than the signatures of the
Julian de Zulueta, the Marquese Of Mariando,
Francisco Marty Torreps, Antonio do Ia Tor
riente, Gonzales Larl.nagn, Tuon Perez Calrn,
Ruiz Leon, and lot Of others. Does not this
contradiction betwccu words and acts make the
petition of the reactionists hy!acriticat expos-
tion of sentiments resting upon no single truth,
and having no Other incentive Dut inc interests OF
those who have signed It
PETITION OF THE PROGRESSIVE CUBANs.
Quite different is tho petition of the progressive
Cubans to the Queen. Az far as l can judge from
the letter published i'll the Epoca, the complaints
of the latter rest upon indsputable moral ground,
upon the increase of vices and crimes in Cuba,
resulting from tho present system Of government
upon the necessity Of granting political privileges
by the assimilation Of the Spanish colonies to the
slavery such az it exists at present The petition
ers who consist of the best and wealthiest inhab-
tants of Cuba, state among other things, that they
hope that the defence of Cubans rights, presented
before the Cortes by several of it's members-a de-
fence the publication OF which was, by the way,
prohibited in Cuba-win be continued, and thet the
words Of the Duke La Tore, aslSing whether Span
ish colonies would always have been treated as the
ilegitimate children Of Spain, will be remenbefed
as forerunner OF the reforms which Cuba needs
and claims.
ENTRANCE OF THE FRENCH IN SONORA.
Correspondents in Sonora, attending the French
expedition in that region, describe it as most
beautiful country, as real heaven on earth. The
valleys are especially delightful. They planted
with pine, cedar, oak and ebony, and are teeming
with all sorts OF game; Ratered by numerous ISa
are most prolific, and Will produce two crops Of
maize year The Jesuits who, from 1870 up to
171O, had established in the country several hos
ptals, had built in these valleys homes for the con-
valescent. It was usual to soy that the patients
who were sent to these houses were sent to the
paradise OF Sonora.
THE MINING nEnIoN OF BoNoRA.
The great wealth OF the country consists, how
ever, in its mines which, on account of their i'm
portance and character, deserve o special descrp-
Gon It is impossible, at present, to accurately
their location and number, Sonora having never
been settled by the Mexicans, owing to the disturb
ed condition OF their government and the selfish
ness Of their leaders. The most reliable account,
think, is that given in 1776 by the Cbnntandanca
General Spanish company who had the monop-
~ ktaA fIaxl
covered deposits Of gold and silver exceeded the
number OF thirty. Most OF them have been worked
since, and ore still producing very handsome re-
Xavier, Preciades, Tajo, Babicanoro, San Jose do
Gracia, and LAmada. r. .fa.r:..
POPULATION OF soNonA-rm YAou1s AND THE
The whole population Of the State amounts to
about one hundred and thirty thousand inhabi-
tants, including the Indian tribes, such as the
the Yaquis. The latter nre the most numerous,
and possess, on the river of that name, some very
fine villages and buildings. The Yaquis con put
This was their number when they attempted to
drive the Spaniards out Of their country in 1740
md in 1895. On both occasions the struggle was
Q long one, and was marked by uAheard- -of atroci-
ties. Finally they were vanquiahed. Since that
time they have lived in open hostility with the
whites, and have refused to acknowledge any kind
of government. 49,, at... us... (. 3 - ,'.,,
Notwithstanding their savage nature the Yaunis
are said to be better than other Indian tribes.
Sober and industrious. yet at times gay, and
always passionntely fond 81 the dance, they have,
like the French congeniality Of habits the effect
Of which has obvionsly been very favorable to the
latter. Wherever the French soldiers have gone,
their cordinhty and opamess Of manners has
found an echo in the hearts OF the Yaquis, who is
delighted TO find in his conqueror o man who
shares with him his brandy and hismoney, who is
particularly gallant with lc ladies' ana very fond
OF amusement and dancing. AN The Yaqufs who
have been reached have 8worn inviolable attach
inent ~ th French and have with The Itanaa af