, 1865-06-10
FROM SOUTH CAROLINA.
Closing Scenes Of the he.
bo11ion.
Correspondence y. T. Herald ]

GoIUNHiA, - G-1 May Il.
"A sojourn Of several months IN the interior
Of s0uth Carolina las afforded yonr cores
ponlent oppost tunlty for much Interesting Oh
seryatsun In regard to tho fIuaI phases OF The
war, a2l the elitct Of the failure Of the great
secession struggle upon the 1aa=s Of the
people Of this State.
Ever since the disciplined columns OF shez-
ing Of gloom and despou1ency as to the War,
had EroWE general, even In those districts
which we're spared the deso1ating presence
of the Union armies. In fact, there was lit
tie In the condition Of the State st that time,
to war1ant the hope ercn Of protracted re-
aistance, much less Of ultimate success.
Charleston Ind fallen, and the entire sea-
LIZ within the Union ifues. Columbia, crs:
the heautifuI capital, Of which every Caro-
llnlan was proud. WAS In ashes, and the pros
Porous ''m'd1le country" ar ound it had been
suddenly transformed into wilderness, In
harlted By people bordering on absolute
Gus and comparatively unprodnctirc sup
county," or northwestern section Of the
State was deIolyed the burden Of feeding the
she]terltss and destitute communities lower
down. The suffering that prevailed for weeks,
and which Is et1lt only partially abated,
amors the inhabitants o. fairfield; Lexington
aud 1ttch!nnd districts was e2pa'ling. Not q
veEtige Of provisions, lire stock, poultry or
farming implements remain. d and eTen In the
few instances In which the farmers' dwellings
were erartl the torch, the barns and ont
houses were given to the tames. This being
the condition Of affairs, and no rebel farca
b+iug ieit In any quarter Of tho State, conf
way to IN extent compared with Which c7cn
It's previous depreciation wGs iflc. Appre-
1cnstons Of f2mIne spread rapidly II a1l dIrcc-
tione; holders refused to part with thetr pro-
visions at aug price and the situation Of
non-producc7s became dcplorablei fn the ex-
1ise1cs Of the fall Of Richmond
soon followed BY that Of the surrender Of
Lee, burst uron the nstonished people. The
effect was instantaneous. The. currency,
which for some time had stood pretty steady
at from SIS to s100 for 81 in specie, ut once
became worthless; The hopclcssness Of any
further proloneation Of tue c.ntcst was &C.
knowlcdged on all hands; and mingled with
the deep chagrin at defeat in a struggle In
which SO much had been peril'ed and lost,
there we're abundant signs IF popular JOY at
the termination OF what they tad almost
c.'1ne to conr'der as an endless var. The
s.lnplastcrs Issued BY Messrs. Mennfuscr
and Trenholm being no 1'nger ayaliah1e, and
specie btips incredibly scarce (gscenbarks
there were uone}, the reign Of barter COM
menced aud still continues, In afl that p3r-
Ion OF South Carolinl lying outside the cor
pornte limits Of Charleston. It Is Indeed
singular spectacle to b. hold 80 primitive aud
awkwnfd mrde of tra1nc adopted through
cut 70 large an extent Of civilized country.
Pending these Important events, politically
the State remained torpid. The Governor,
a1agrath, just 1eposed " General Gilmore,
Ind cpnyoked the Legislature nt Gscenyil1c;
but 20 quorum a, could be Sb1a'nsd, 2 large Pr
tcing iDdispossd to iare the crisis, In
deed It was generally ezpresss d opinion that
there vas now no course LETT OPEN to tha
State governments OF the South buto prompt
IT turn to the Union, aud 1t was deeme d more
fitting that South Carolina should follow than
lead in the inevitable movement As the
Legislature could not be convened, the Gov
tznor conten!Sd himself With issuing pro.
c1amatton iLl'mattpg tlat the functions and
eyen the existence OF the Davis government
within thr limits ofSouth Carolina had ceased
and thnt the State was once m 're upon her
pgn hoax, Tue announcement was to1l,Hed hY
q general grab game-an indiscrimipate scram
hle aiming ths gEaybackel Commlssar5es.
Quarternasters, soldiers and citizens, for the
public p1under at the various pests lately
controlled hy the Richmond authorities. The
redistribution Of wagons. hcsses mules,
proris obs, clothing and cloth, leather, am
inunitloD, &C., WAS incredibly capId aud, In
fcry ma1y cases, the line YVES not verY scru-
pulously drawn between private and what
was conveniently termed s'rublic" properly.
Thoee ot the returned soldiers who emergeu
empty banded from the scramble, were lnud
and bitter in their complaints; and the ire
quency Of highway robbery Of late aGords
TOO certain .u,lex Of the style In which they
propose to redress their grievances.
IN his paszags th ough this State, jeff. pa-
yis was not tic recipient Of any very marked
attentions at The Lands OF the people. Yet
be delayed ut the various stopping places
along his route, In q most unlc:onatab1e
Kramer, and there Is no doubt That these
delays were fatal to his escape. His wife and
children preceded him to AbbevE'le tg nearly
fortnight; nor, when he reached that place
did he pusn on. as might be exported, but
tarried awhile SIS tho guest Of ths Hon.A:lni.
stead Eurt.
a. LAST accounts Mr. Trenholm, Secretary
Of the Treasury in the Dayis' Cabinet, was
quietly living with his family: at Abocville.
IS get haye heard Ct no measures being
tattn fn Ills arrest.
KuA tte important assistance rendered by
by large wo: king delachments from
tic United States forces. tho work OF putting
the ra'l,oads Of the State in thorough repair
is 5apdly progressing. In few weeks, at
.furtbcst, the transportation 1hcilit1cs will be
ns complete as beIo' the *ar. The people
sre'apicly accommodating themselyss to the
new tonditicn oi affairs, md seem to sgmpa-
tnrze geue.a'ly with the last proclamation of
Gover1,s:r Ma.'ath, In which he gracefully
sbd'tates his ofiice, at the summons of Gene.
ri Gilmuic, sud ccunscls all to return quiet
~ t1 1neiF peaceful RyocltiOr5.