The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-10-19

lures are made supreme the bestowa OF the right
states and the United States The wisdom OF tins greet
creative principle thus cOHded by the constitution 70
the people in their domestic governments 10 seen IN the
fact bat this provision there is at this moment
sectional majority In Congress ready TO expe from, or
keep out OF that body, the representatives OF many
Southern States unless they yield TO the dcton OF that
majority the power 10 impose condition Of suffrage
which these very States that made the constitution OF
the United States abjured from the beginning
EFFECT MORO SUFFRAGE.
This daring attempt, which, IL successful, would In
effect be an abrogaiion of the constitution by body
ssns Suffrage the
hibiting IT, Negro suffrage IL u had no other effect than
that OF altering the state Of poll and acting as balance
of power in the hands of section OF the country TO
the election against the will Of the OF the SOIL
the wealth intelligence Of the other section would be
but IL would bring in It's train other meal
cnabe evils the worst Of which would be the creation
Of q mixed, degraded caste OF laborers much moro
fatal TO the peace Of the government than negro slavery
during the first two centuries OF its existence. II Is
true that, like Frederick Douglass, men might arise
swarthy rather than sooty, with Saxon contour-wh
white as II 10 deny his origin Yet like him. all such
would be compelled resort to their colored relations for
wives; for none but the most abandoned women Of the
white marry with them In late speech to an as
ISOLATION of blacks in Baltimore made by Douglass
speech Of lofty soquence, admit, and worthy Of tho
cendlng in power all previous efforts Of his discipehe
points TO the able among the creoles Of ST. Do
mngo, who arose to assert the liberties and vindcae
not their equality but superiority the French and
Spanish in that island by their determination.
There is much food for rumnation in this pregnant
poss the Of ne
jorty in the House OF Representatives, and by
Mr. Sumner (hissesl who stands in . similar !, atti-
tude in the Senate have no doubt the four millions
of freedmen might in time, work out for the South
acatastropfe like that of St. Domingo II governed on
ten BY M Bescher roans
for Beecher Mr. Sumner admits that there s danger
ito national peace and tranquility in the attempt TO
blend two nations and make them one. A more philo-
sophie mind than his ascbed the centuries OF trouble 10
Ireland to like attempt Monsieur de Tocqueville,
1ayeng IN 70 Mr. mcCu ne
cause.-you are two nations here" "a vo!ce-"We'l
soon shake off their yoke Cheers Mr.. Sumner be-
mission OF Representatives from the Southern States,
with this problem of blending two nations-the black
and the wilhelm the control Of tho national and the
State governments He insists "unity of the repub
lic being affirmed by constitutional provision; that
each State shall ever remain member Of the. Ameri
can Union that the people thereof part of the
American nation; that III is essential not only that
slavery should be renounced, but also that all men
should be hailed equal before the law, and this
franchisement be both civil and POLITICAL that
peace and tranquility require another especial guarantee
against the Whole pretcnson OF color; no rebel State
be readmtted with this controversy st raging and
ready TO break forth
REPUBLICAN IDEA or RECONSTRUCTION.
But let next proceed 70 give the plan OF operations
Construction presented TO the President at the close Of
the first session OF the last Congress by the majority at
The bidding Of their chiefs and which was rejected by
make from the speech made by Mr. Sumner in which he
illustrated his and the views of his party friends
cester, and the speech Of Mr.. Stevens, q comment
on the resolutions he prepared for the convention at
Harrisburg, and which were passed by that body. II
will be seen that Mr. Sumner bases his scheme for it's
execution the powers the implied assumption
that although battles have ceased" martial law Is to
ey Congress he asserts that the President e
demanded irreversibe guarantees cannot be obtained
merely by Executive action what he does s subject 70
ties I'VE tod we must look confidently Congress-
which has plenary powers the whole subject Con-
gress can DO everything needful y has already begun
by excluding rebels from Office II must continue its
Jurisdiction; whether through the powers the
duty to guarantee republican form of government,
the necessity Of the case in Teritorie is matter OF
the other all these powers to that all who
have fought against shall be sfranchscd all who
have fought for shall be enfranchsed For awhile
the freedman will take the place of the mastern ssBy
this act Of Congress- July 1884 and the supplementary
act all rebels dcbarred from holding Office under the
United States. This exclusion thus sanctioned by Con-
gress, must be the pole OF national policy II
rebels cannot be officers under our government they
ought not TO be voters They should be politically dis
franchiscd " and every person who has given aid or
countenance TO the rebellion has sought accepted
any Office under it. who has yielded to IL any volun
tary support rebels Then to the punishment of
the rebels besides Acknowledgement these did pro-
THE repatriation Of eading rebels will be
public good As long they continue here they will
resist the establishment OF guaranties But to the
masses he makes this concession Meanwhile we must
follow Congress in the present exclusion Of all rebels
for and they must not vote. On this principle
take my stand Let them bay and sell let them till the
These things they may DO These are hard conditions
for whole people All the South may be said to have
succorcd, for all aided the rebellion who furnished ALI
ment and yet Mr. Sumner cuts of from the white
In the South all hope OF redemption In denying pardon
Its efficacy In restoring the franchise Of which he de-
Sumner next dstranchses the States thai have suffered
under the usurpati0n Of the conspiratos, aided by
arms put In their hands by the federal administration
sought them for defence, and aided further by his
mon coercion policy, adopted by the Premier
o. me subsequent administrator, 20 which they
riveted sNon-resisancen was the law imposed by the
national government on the whole South, until the pos
session OF the stronghods In the Southern arb0rs made
successful resistance impossible the port Of I'M
armed population, among whom military array started
up in every quarter like Satan In the Garden Of Eden
mass Of loyal people in oil the States OF the South thus
delivered over 70 the enemy and compelled TO give food
shs State ana sose Of the usrpins Congress dealt with
according TO the radical doctrine2 II Is as midi
vduas they are to have political rights neither 70
vote nor 70 be voted for TO hold ocenone but the
slaves who like the rest were resistans worked
the trenches fortified the fields Of battle made the har
vest fields TEEN with food the rebel armynoi SO many
now 10 be compelled TO deal with the enranchsed black
popuation They are to be forced 70 pass laws 70 dis
franchise the whites and submit amendment TO the
constitution OF tho United States establishing negro
equality, passed exclusively by the States that trumphed
over the rebellion which those States should have
permitted 10 get ahead The States that have been
der sway Of the rebellion be allowed vote
this question Since therein las Mr. Sumner insists)
all loyal government has ceased exist the whole
gion IN all ts divisions and subdivisions has from the
necessity OF the lapscd under national jurisdiction,
which Is as complete for all practical purposes as that
same jurisdiction over the District of Coum.
baln IL II with them 'as with outlying Terri.
tories which have no government Mr., Ste
encores this doctrine with an addition thus
summed up:-"Lct us forget all parties and build the
broad platform OF reconstructng the out OF
States and admitted into the Union by the sovereign
power OF Congress- with another plank-thc property Of
the rebels shalt pay national debt and indemnify
freedmen aud loyal sufferers.
rrFEcr SLAVERY IN TUE sorTH.
Negro slavery has created three classes In the South
the master class, that constitutes the oligarchy; the
dependent negro caste, which Is provided and cared
by the MASTER and tho poor whites the oucasts which
the cheaper labor OF slaves has thrown OF 10 dwell in
howell and live on patches, occasional Jobs hunting s
ing, gieanngs and shifts &c. II u evident
from the whole tenor OF the radical policy. that