The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1865-12-14

nope forever, that there lies no appeal to

The maintenance Of the Union brings
with it the support Of the State Govern.
ments in all their rights" but it is not
one of the rights Of any State Govern
ment to renounce its own place in the
Union, or to nullify the laws Of the Tn.
ion. Tho largest liberty is TO be main.
tanned in tho discussion of the acts Of the
Federal Government; but there is no ap.
peal from its laws, except to the various
branches Of that Government itself, or to
the people, who grant the members of the
legislative and of the executive Depart
ments no tenure but limited one, and
in that manner always retain the power
"Ths sovereignty Of the States" is the
language Of the Confederacy, aud not the
language of the Constitution. The lat.
ter contains the emphatic words: "The
Constitution, and the laws of the United
States which shall be made in pursuance
thereof, and all treaties made or which
shall be made under the authority of the
United States. shal. be the supreme law
of the land; and the judges in every State
shall be bound thereby, anything 10 the
Constitution or laws of any State to the
contrary Notwithstanding"
Certainly the Government of the Uni
ted States is limited government; and
SO is every State government limited
government With us, this idea of limi
tation spreads through every form of ad-
ministration, general, state, and munici-
pal, and rests on the great distinguishing
principle of the recognition of tho rights
of man. The ancient republics absorbed
the individual in the State, prescribed
his religion, and controlled his activity.
The American system rests on the asser-
tion of the equal rights of every man to
life, liberty and the pursuit Of happiness;
to freedom Of conscience, to the culture
aud exercise of all his faculties As a
consequence, the State government is
limited, as to the General Government 10
the interests of the Union, as to the indi-
vidual citizen in the interest of freedom.
States, with proper Limitation Of pow.
e., are essential to tho existence Of the
Constitution of the United States. At
the very commencement, when We as
sumed place among the Powers of the
earth, the Declaration Of Independence
was adopted by States; so also were the
Articles of Confederation; aud when "the
ns9ei eess5hsea3 9f hea3 HSGa stss SrS'ass
the assent Of the States, one by one,
which gave it vitality. In the event,
too, of any amendment to the Constitu-
tion, the proposition Of Congress needs
the confirmation of States. Without
States, one great branch Of the legislative
Government would be wanting. And, if
we look beyond the letter Of the Consti
tuition, to the character of our country,
its capacity for comprehending within its
jurisdiction a vast continental empire is
due to the system Of States. The best
security for the perpetual existence of
the States, is the "supreme authority
Of the Constitution Of the United States.
The perpetuity of the Constitution brings
with it the perpetuity of the States; their
mutual relation makes US what We are,
and in our political system their connec-
tion is indissoluble. The whole cannot
exist without the parts, nor tho parts
without the whole. So long os the
Constitution of the United States
enlures, the States will endure ;
the destruction of the one is the destruc.
tion of the other; the preservation Of the
one is the preservation of the other.
have thus explained my views Of the
mutual relations of the Constitution and
the States, because they uofold tho prin-
ciples on which | have sought to solve
the momentous questions and overcome
the appalling difficulties that met me a,
the very commencement of my admins
tration. It has been my steadfast object
to escape from the sway of momentsry
passions, and to derive healing policy
from tho fundamental and unchanging
principles of the Constitution
l found the States suffering from the
effects of civil war. Resistance to the
General Government appeared to have
exhausted itself. The United States .
recovered possession of their forts and
arsenals; and their armies we're in the
occupation Of every State which had
attempted to secede Whether the ter
ritory within the limits Of those States
should be held as conquered territory,
under military authority emanating from
the President as the head Of the army,
was the first question that presented it.
self for decision.
Now, military governments, establish
cd for an indefinite period, would have
offered no security for the early suppress
sion Of discomfort; would have divided
the people into the vauquishers and the
vanquishcd; aud would have envenomed
hatred, rather than have restored affec-
tion. Once established, no precise limit
to their continuance was conceivable. -
They would have occasioned an incalcu
liable aud exhausting expense. Peaceful
emigration to and from that portion of
the country is one of the best means that
can be thought of for the restoration Of
harmony; and that emigration would have
been prevented; for what emigrant from