The Portland daily press., 1865-01-26

v-rl, Irs,,dosn OF trade with Canada aud the
uroyluces along our Northern frontier. The
utd e. ot The movement Was 10 attain Tecip-
roeity II benefits, " release rs much OF our
trade IRON taxation Ms OF theirs. Aostrset'y
there seeInrd NO good reason way heavy du
Ties shJuld De levied on tue exchange Ol leu
luidi JAS vi dJiiais' worm OF the produce o.
eacu eide OF the border. WHEN there Was sueh
flrutIlN al interests, aud When greater Pi"'
Drrty woulI be promo ed by eneumDe.Ius
Irads as liLtle as possible. Toe ree'P.oe4'y
tr.. ~ ~. lnere.Ore irAm ID aud oeS4ule
=, nren,,iny the schedule OF ARTICLES
20" o 1,I-.,d I'm "a, .nent VI duty under 1t,
,,,,'.- ,.,r,r Y..s fallen into Oh taking ev-
80 ~. "a. r.aadiaUs mad " sell 10 US, aud
eiys,1-e 40 g- mad 70 sell to Canada. In
,'It,f =. Giles named there is not one OF
.-,,,,.h we sell, or legitimate consumption 10
t,-,,.dA. more Than the merest trife, the most
h-l.g oi curn, 10 be distilled IN Canada for
uual market this side the iint >, aud VI leal TO-
bacco, Iur manufacture there, aud also 10 come
back la u quiet way tor use here, both being
ctzapenea W consumers by about the amount
OF eAelse duty We ought " get from them,
but do uoL IL has, Tor some years, however,
been a convenience to send wheat, fl Jur, and
other Western produces across The peninsula
OF Up,er Canada, bat none OF const qaence is
sod Inere. A very small proportion goes out
by way OF the st. Lawrence also, but this pro-
pJrtion is not Claimed by Canadian auLhOri
lies 10 exceed i've to seven per ceAt. of the
produce coming down the lakes.
rhls transit trade figures largely In the re
ports, however, since, as IL costs nothing to
clear it for Canada, and it Is nc sssary to do
SO under Canadian laws, theie is a great show
easily made OF the produce gong TO Canada,
as iL passes into this peninsula, aud OF produce
Coming rom Cauada, as IL aches Buffalo,
Niagara Falls, OswegO, and towns on the st.
Lawrence on its way eastward,
Yet, alter ali this undue swelling OF the no
miual volume of this trade, the proportions
oil trade se6 Tree by the treaty are more than
two to one In isyor of Canada, while the pro-
portions yet paying duty in each case, which
Is the true test, average for eight years 81 4Ol,-
4Sl annually of the merchandise we sell TO
them, aud only $467 ,23s OF the merchandise
they sell to US. Aud even this trihing sum is
OF foreign goods coming through Canada, not
ANYTHING they produce. Our trade TO them
being taxed heavily, falls of from $l2 600,
in 1855. to So 974 QUO in 1868. The manuiac-
tured articles hat We expected to supply tnem
with prove not to be named In the free list,
aud, therefore, while manufactures OF all sorts
have increased iourfold in the United States
since the treaty, we have sold, them but ST.
500 900 worth in 1868 against five aud six
millions worth each year before the period OF
reciprocity" began.
La snort the treaty which was to stimulate
traie has already absolutely extlngulshed the
OIL two branches of IL which were important
to us-the sale OF our manufactures aud The
sale OF foreign goods. OF these last the Ca
nadians bought ther chief supplies in New
York, B ,aton, and ULner cities Of the United
States to the amount OF six or seven millions
annually. Now they buy none whatever In
Theses markets, and, as il 10 cumulate tayors on
them we have given Them Tree tran Il Tor htlr
foreign purchases over the railroads from
Portland and Boston to Canada. Iney now
carry an average OF six millions OF dollars
worth OF foreign goods 10 boud over these
roads, paying no duties, and supplying them
selves very cheaply, if not ''reciprocaly." o.
A commercial treaty Of this pratical sort
itmay be SAFELY said has no parallel. Trade
under 1t may have benefited certain districts
and localities, but it mas never been III the
smallest degree reciprocal. Ii 1t had named
the articles we then sold and desired 70 sell 10
Csnada, it would have been, but none such
were named. Doubtless the omission was In
adyertent, but il was not the less unfortunate.
All Canada produces grain, rough lumber
fish. tirsw,od, ores, furs. aud stone Tor aale
hut no part OF Cinada wishes to buy these ar
ticles lor co sumption. If any form or degree
of manufacture Is applied to them the produce
besoines dnible; but Canada Manufacture
nothipy. We manufaeture everything, and
therefore are excluded from the advantages Of
the seaty--corn for whisky. and leaf tobacco,
as before said, only beiag expected.
Canada ha. stndiDusly cultivated various
bu.iaess connect ons, in order to satisfy and
interest us, in the transportation lines winch
cross Upper Canada from Lake Huron ana the
Detroit river 10 Niagara. OsTego, and tn-
towns on the st. l. twrence. Propeller hues
have been built on the upper lakes, running W
P,rt S ,rnia, Gpderch, and other points %
railr.,ad departure These Canadian railroads
have made connections, as far as possible, 10
Uured 3fates territory, and an immense bust
ness is dome in carving whoa, Il ur. and pro
duca. fctictOstsIu recorded as exports to Ca
nada ~nen they take the railroad transit ~
the western end, AID as imports from CanndG
when they get TO Niagara or Oswego Why
not try a little real reciprocity, by letting such
produce 90 through under bond, as we permit
ihs foreign purchases of Canada to go IRON
Portland through TO MoUtrealS THESE lines
need not be absolutely closed TO us, unless
they compel Us to close the IKE TRANSIT iroin
the Atlantic coast. AA.ssAN 1884 Il
Ii the adaptations now existing. respecting
trade with Canada, are TO continue, The y clear
lv require a new name. It's not. and has MOI
been reciprocity treaty In fact, though
doubtless originally intended as SUCH IS is
simply general permit for Canadians to come
tn our markets uataxed by excise or by tariffs.
This may be beneas to purchasers, In some
cases, but as the markets here lake all that
comes, It amounts to an enhancement OF
profits to Canadians equal to the full measure
of our war taxes. 8MW nV
The above clearly stated and candid article
we have copied from the Washington Chroni-
Gle. that our readers may the better under
stand the reasons which led to, and the practi
cal workings of the Reciprocity Treaty. 1t is
commercial regulation entered upon by both
p3rti IS, no doubt, in the confident hope that
mutual benefit would accrue to the people on
both sides OF the dividing line. This hope
has been fully realized by our northern neigh
bors. but sadly disappointed have been the ex
pectations of the American people. Particu
lar sections and email localities may have
proated by the arrangement, but not so the
country at large. Under its operation Cana
DIS West-one Of the finest countries on the
continent-has grown from comparative In
significance to be an empire in itself, having
taken Gu all the energy and thrift which 80
distinctly charact'se our own western country
II is one great harvest field, teaIning with the
products of the earth, nearly all finding their
market on the American side Ia free competi-
ton with the products of our own western
country. Iadeed, the Canadians have an ad
vantage over the West, for the wheat. -four,
pork, beef, beans, &c. from Illinois, Wiscon
sin, Iowa &c, seeking an eastern market, are
put in free competition with the same articles
raised on Canadian soil, five hundred miles
nearer that market, aud finding their way
thither by precisely the same lines OF com
municaiion.
In looking over the very long free list unde
the treaty Ia preston, we discover this fact
that nearly ii not quite every article Of Cana
dian production, of which they have an excess
.A, h ,,ne demand. is included in tina