St. Cloud Democrat. [volume] (Saint Cloud, Stearns County, Minn.) 1858-1866, 1865-02-09

provinces Of Canada, New Brunswick
Nova Scotia, Prince Edwards Island,
and Newfoundland; but the district
occupied by the Hudson Bay Comma
ny. now called Central British Amcri.
ca. and the Pacific colonies of British
Columbia and Vancouver Island, were
not included IN the treaty. proceed
with brief review Of its. stipulations.
The preamble expresses the mutual
desire Of the contracting parties "'to
avoid further misunderstanding in re-
gurd to the extent Of tho right of fish,
cry on the coasts Of British North
America" and ito regulate the CON-
mcrce and navigation between their re-
spective territories and people, and
more especially between her Majcsty's
possessions in North Anne lea and the
United States IN such manner as to
render the same reciprocally beneficial
ard satisfactory" ''.t ~.
BY tho first article it was agreed that
in addition to tho liberty secured to the
United States fishermen by the conven-
ton OF Oct 20, 1918, Of taking, curing,
and drying fish on certain co1sts Of the
British No,tE American colonies there
in defined, the Inhabitants of the Uni
| ted States shall have, in common with
the subjects OF her Britanic Majesty,
the liberty to take fish of every kind
except shell-fsh on the scacoasts and
shores, and in The bays, harbors, and
creeks Of Canada. New brunswick,
Nova Scotia, Prince Edwards Island,
and of the several islands thereunto ad-
jaccnt, without being restricted to any
distance from the shore with pcrmis-
sion to land upon the coasts and shores
Of those colonies aud the islands there
of, and also upon the Maedalen islands
for the purpose Of drying their nets aud
curing their fish, provided that in so
doing they do not interfere with the
rights of private property or British
fishermen in the peaceablc use Of any
part Of the sid coast in their occupen.
~ for the same purpose. This liberty
was confined to the sea fishery, the sal
mon aud shad fisheries, and all fisher.
les in rivers and the mouths Of rivers
being exclusively reserved for British,
fishermen.
! The second article extended the same
right Of fishery to British subjects on
the American Atlantic coast north OF
la,itul,: $50. r
The controversy in regard to the fish.
cries having been thus adjusted, tha,
branch of American industry is seldom
mentioned, but its commercial aud mar.
thine importance is steadily increasing
The census of 1850 returned So ,O67 ,65;
as the value for that year of the cod
AID u'ackerel fisheries of Maine, New
Hampshire, Massachusetts,, and Con.
necticut, while the census of 1860
shows the product Of that year to be
$4,lS3, ,503. Subject the northeastern
fisheries and fishers to the hazards and
obstructions of thr convention of 1918,
Instead of the liberal provision of tho
reciprocity treaty, and the whole coun.
try would ring again, as it did in 1853,
with the importance of the fishing in.
terest and the wrongs OF all Interested.
|; The navigation Of the St. Lawrence
and the Canadian canals was the sub
lject Of the fourth article, which is us
follows: Il. ...: .....: .. .. 80.
i .'lt is agreed that the citizens and inhab-
itants Of the United States shall have the
: right to navigate the river St. Lawrence
and the canals in Canada, used as the
means Of communicating between the great
lakes and the Atlantic ocean with their ves-
sells, boats and crafts rs fully and freely as
the subjects Of her Brittanic Majesty, sub
j ject onlyito the same tolls and 9th er assess
ments as now are or may be hereafter cx-
acted Of her M@jesty's said subjects.
A similar right of navigating Lake
Michigan was secured to British sub.
jccts The Government of the United
States engaged to urge upon the State
Governments to secure to British sub
jects the use of the several State Ca
nails on terms Of equality with the in
;habitants Of the United States And
the province Of New Brunswick was
restrained from the levy Of any export
duty OF other duty on lumber or tim.
Der cut in the State of Maine ADD ship
ped to the United States through the
river St. John. .,s,ff ..:aa.,n a.g. ...-.
:. The State canals have never been
opened to British subjects as above
suggested. -, ~.. e.-.-...-
The importance of the navigation of
the st. Lawrence, with its Canadian ca
na1ono m fl,o u,noforr,g ,o,o1nooe 10 nv