The New York herald., 1865-02-21

cruiteo some years afterwards by Huguenoe refugees
who emgrassd from France and settled In pretty
sidorabie numbers In South Carolina n was not otiis
l7sa shas vas incorporated city Ffy two years
previously in l73l contained six hundred houses and
ave churehes and thriving business was done In IL
port During the Revolutionary war the possession of
the barber af chareston the object Of more than
ono British expedition. garrison Of four hundred on
Sulivan's Island under command or Colonel Aounrie
achieved great distinction by the repuise on juno 49,
l776 Of British squadron Of nine ships ofwsr On the
18th OF Nay l7So the city surrendered 70 Sir Henry
Clinton BY General Lincoln the corporation and prtn
cpAl citizens refusing TO cooperate defence and
Offering 70 acknowledge the sovereignty Of Great Britain
The British held Il I'll May, lisa 4fApa
b also the largest city the State Il L built on
peninsula, tongue Of land, between the Ashley and
Cooper rivers, which unite below tho town. and form
spacious harucr communicating with the ocean 4 sul
vans Island miles Distant Both haroor and city
somewhat resemble New York and IL hay in miniature
There Ia however, this striking dinesnce that the por
tion Of Charleston called the Battery and corresponding
70 car Battery and u State street. ID the fashion.
able part Of the city, The city 10 regularly built and
extends nearly two miles In length and mile and half
In breadth Some Of the streets from sixty to seventy
feet broad and some are naTrow--for instance, King
street, the Broadway OF Charleston The streets run
mostly parallel to each other running from river
to river and ntcrsected longtudinaly nearly II right
angles They are shaded with beautiful trees Several
Of the houses embowcred In profusion Of foliage
and flowers Many ofthc dwellings have pazzas and are
ornamented With vines and crcepers while the gardens
attached to them bloom with the orange the peach and
other trees and shrubs In great variety.
city has OF course, suffered much In appearance
from the ravsges Of war; The shells which have been
almost daily thrown into the city from our forts Nor
rs Island have much injured the lower part Of the city
correspondent OF the South Carolina Advocate thus de-
scribes the desolaon OF the city through the
lower wards Of the city you would be particularly struck
with tho sad desolatiou. The elegant mansions and
familiar thoroughfares rejoicing in wealth and
Hnement and the theatre Of busy fs-the we'll known
and fondly cherished churchessome OF them ancient
landmarks-where largo asssmhlages won't TO bow
at holy alta and spacious halls that once blazed with
light and runs With fss,a songs are all deserted sombrs
and cheerless and this Is enhanced by the foroidding
aspect Of that district OF the city which laid
ashes three years ago. and which remains unmoes.ed
ruins the OF Charestons long and dreary
paas, In the grand march or Improvement Here you
perceive her humiliation" ssl9s III q ~A :"
appears that her humiliation was In reserve for tho
day when her valiant eating sons should abandos
without fight So
THE DETENCEs OF CHARLBsroN HARBoR. -
Though we have frequently described most minutcy
the several forts which command the navigation up to
the city as well the various points Of land favorable
for the erection Of batteries for the perfect defence
Of the bar and tho channel below and given accurate
maps Of tho harbor and diagrams Of the defcnces we
again lay before readers full description thereof
FORT SUMTER.
FoTt Sumter II situated thrss and three eighths miles
distant from tho city standing out the open bay
mile from the land on either sde It Ia modern run-
Gated pentagonal fo built upon artificial island the
forming Of which cost half million or dollars and was
ten years In construction The fortifcaton another
half million Of dollars The work originally de-
mgned for Of hundred and forty pieces
Of ordnance Of all calibrc Ths bombarament or Il by
General Gilmore spotted s symmetrical shape but does
not appear to have injured II defensive work. It's
armament Of hundred and forty guns has probably
again fallen into our hands MN.N HN
.aa " PORT xouLrRn,
huge water battery, without any guns under cover
had armament Of eleven guns OF heavy calbre and
several mortas Tho outer and inner walls are Of brick
capped with and ned with earth, making solid
Wall fifteen or sixteen feet thick
cAsris PNcKSr.
Castle Pnckney, small work situated on the southern
extremity OF shutes Folly island between tho Hog and
Foley channel, 10 the immediate outwork Of the city
The armament consists Of about twenty .nvo pieces,
twenty-four and thirty FOUNDERS, few seacoast
mortars and six columbiads.
THE REBEL GARRISON.
On the evacuation Of Savannah Hardee retired POGO
tago and thence 70 Charleston and during the Of
Sherman against Columbia formed the garrison Of the
'crade Of the rebellion" Colonel e. G. Anderson for
mcriy post commandant Of Savannah, constituted
post commander Of Charleston The troops OF General
Sam Jones and Mcaws covered the approaches to tho
place, while Andcron's troops held the city proper
The organization OF the defenders Of tho rebel Is not
known On the occupation Of Columbia appears that
Hardee hastily evacuated the city and marched or to
join Beauregard who is too weak to resist shermans
vance.