Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1865-03-22
VOL. XXXVI.-WHOLE NO. 1850.

occasion, whether prompted by an INTEL
igent appreciation of the insecurity o
such donbtfully acquired possessions, OIL
the result OF fixed determination, by
Keeping strictly within their own limits
TO remove all pretext for other powers tc
interfere in their affairs, they are doubt
less, indebted for the consideration with
which they were treated by the Congress
of Vienna.
After the overthrow of Napoleon, from
whose grasp fell at once the scepter OF
France and the iron crown of Lombardy
upon this Council devolved the recon,
struciion and apportionment of the scatt-
cred and many times dismembered ltal.
ian States.
Republicansm was abolished beyond
the narrow limits of this petty PROV
ince.
Genoa and its territories we're assigned
to the King of Sardinia Venice and its
dependencies, TO the house of Austria
and the independence Of San Marino,
the last OF Italian Republics, was formally
declared. In 1902 the citizens remodel2d
Their Constitution, increasing the number
OF their Councillors. The experiences of
the late revolution in Italy tend TO con.
vey the impression that though the in-
ha6l'ants OF Marino are doubtless in the
enjoyment of liberty and tranquility, but
nothing of The spiiit OF Refub icauism ex
Isis among them, save in name.
When the little band of patriots under
Gsribaldi were retreatng before the con :
bined Austrian aud French armies. on
their arrival at San Mayino they were
closely pressed by their pursuers, hem
med IN, and an attack threatened =
the Inhabitants Of tho ancient Republic
manifested bu, little sympathy in their
cause. though as fellow republicans !"
(nominally, at least some expression
might have been expected. On the OF her
hand their isolation. the ineiliciency of
any aid they might be able to furnish, and
the almost certainty OF fruitlessly endau-
gerine their own Independence, might be
regarded as a sufficient excuse for their
seeming Indifference.
Nevertheless, the opinion prevails that
they a. much under the control
OF the Pope's emissaries as the inhabitants
OF the country around, and not much
their superiors IN education, or freedom
from superstition. This fact is not With
out isimportauce, as the existence of San
Marlno has been pointed out as an eyi-
dence OF the compatibility. or at least the
non-tNcompalbility Of Pspacy with an in
telligent selfgoyernment and free institu-
tions. 1t is little remarkable that trav-
elers IN Italy, either ancient or modern,
have in so few Instances bestowed even q
passing glance upon this interesting CO ~
munty. Maxiniian Mission, French
lawyer Of some celebrity, who Travelled in
Italy in the seventeenth century, remarks
concerning the Republic: " This little
swarm Ci bees hath maintained itself very
happily for many ages mot being exposed
10 the envy or jealousy OF any OF its
neigh bors." Addison, wi o visited about
1899, gives very pleasant though imper-
fec. account of it. g. W. Irving. former
~ United States Minister TO Spain, in
1872, made pilgrimage 10 the spot, aud
is very enthusiastic in his praises OF the
place and people. lie found that but one
American before him, VIM. Hunter, Of
South Carolina, iu 1896, had visited it
Mr. Irving speaks in the warmest terms
OF the delight with which he WAS received
as an American and compliments the in
telligeuce Of the inhabitants, and tneir
with tue Institutions of our
country. Another of our couutrymen,
Mr.. III. 7. Tuck erman. visited the Repub-
lie Ht later date, and gives glowing ac-
count Of the tree and happy condition Of
It's favored inhabitants. lie narrated
circumstance which at once heightens our
opinion of the intelligence and indepen-
dent spirit OF the people OF the Republic,
and excites our wonder at the forbetrance
of the surrounding Governments. lie
says, when returning from his yisit, on
the iepu5lic territory ircm RimiDi,
be observed venerable woman leaning
upon the parape,, in earnest conversation
with hardy young STRIPPING, who proved
10 be a political fugitive that had taken
refuge in San Marno and the Republic,
like true City of Refuge" had shelter
ed many such. Thus much are we able
to learn of the history of this remarkable
State. Us territory, originally linited 10
the single mountain OF Fitano, has been
gfadually snd equitably increased by gift
and purchase, and at the present time
cJus lists of the capital San Marino, built
on the mountain, and four villages round
the foot of il, viz: Serravalle, Faetano, Ac-
quaviva, and Feglio-together covering an
area OF twenty-five square miles, and num-
5ering, in 1915, 1000 inhabitants IN
1850, s,l0J. The capital stands on the
upper part Of the mountain, the summit
Of which is crowned by an old castle with
three towers. on one Of which the standard
Of the Republic waves.
The town is built with little regularity,
and is badly paved the streets are steep,
and practicable only for mules and don
keys; it is surrounded by wall, and is
accessible by only one road and they have
. Law forbidding any one of their own com.
munity TO enter the town by another path,
lest new avenue should be open on the
side OF the mountain. 1t contains the
town hall, the square before which is
large and commands; a fine view of tho
neighboring Apprentices six churches, ono
having the tomb and q handsome marble
statue of the founder, ST. Maiino, (who is
ven Grated as greatest of the Saints, next
10 tue Virgin Mary aud further adorned