Prescott journal. [volume] (Prescott, Wis.) 1861-1871, 1865-02-18

~. hydrogen Is sixteen times lighter thai
air, and is the lightest known substance, i
the article with which balloons are inflated
Grape sugar is composed as follows: Carbon
"a parts, hydrogen 2S and oxygen %. Cans
! sugar is composed as follows Carbon q
parts, hydrogen %, and oxygen %. We can
not take these substances and form them in
| to sugars, but We can take the sugar as vel
as others of a higher order of structure anC
reduce them to the first simple mineral forms
Prof. Carr gave an interesting table, showing
the different ingredients of corn and sugar
cane, as follows:
Corn. Stalk. sorgo-seed. Stalk
silics.......... LA 1851 1880 42s;
By this we can see the need of these ingre.
dents in the soil, and of adding them to it il
they are not already there They may be in
the soil, but need neutralizers to bring them
to the right condition. Great droughts some
times bring these materials from the subsoil,
as the oil is brought up to the light b. the
wick. Thus they are often blessings in dis
guise. The Professor thought the great
drought last summer would be of incalculable
benefit, worth millions to the West Prof
Carr also gave some very Interesting and in
structive chemical experiments in Illustration
of his subject.
When he had concluded, Mr.. Wiley moved
that he be rendered a vote of thanks for his
able lecture, which was adopted unanimously,
and Mr.. Skinner suggested, that he should
furnish the'publishing committee with brief
analysis of sorghum for publication with the
proceedings of the Convention, so that it
may be better known what kind of fertilizers
should be used, which was adopted.
The Convention, after looking over the
Cabinet of the University, where many rare
specimens may be found, returned to their
rooms in the Capitol.
Mr.. Dow described his manner of manufac-
turing syrup one horse and three hands do
the work of his MILL He used Gates Evap-
orator.
Mr.. Corwin claimed for Mr.. SINNERS mill
the favor of the public, and described his
manner of making syrup.
Mr.. Seward believed syrup would burn by
putting it in barrel too hot, and taste bitter;
runs his juice through a basket of straw
brings water to a boil in the pan in the morn
ing, then draws it off and puts in sap; is care
full not to skim too soon runs his cane to a
density of "a degrees. Thinks Imphe cooks
more readily than Sorghum, and is more
dense. One great secret of success is quick
evaporation. We want a cool surface for the
boiling syrup to run on to. Color is better
retained by quick evaporation; quick cooling
makes it lighter colored. Has 6 feet long
link sink, surrounded by cold water for
cooler. Rapid cooling gives better flavor;
runs the white skimmings through again at
the last run; makes vinegar of green scum;
makes the incest kind of vinegar.
Mr.. Youngman first wanted to find out what
sapis composed Oft per cent. sugar, per
cent. syrup. His pans hold 20 gallons OF sap;
with cream of lime, white of egg
or blood. He brings it up to 225 degrees,
thinks 22S degrees hot enough for syrup,
runs it off when cold to 60; to make sugar
filters the sap through cold to get everything
out but sacchrine and water, then rapidly
evaporates until nearly all the water IS out.
The lower part of the joints of cane make the
best sugar; very often only used lime to neu-
tralize for syrup. There are but two princi-
Piles in evaporators, one deiacation and the
other control of heat. 1t is the process and
and speed Of evaporation, that makes good
syrup.
On motion Of Mr.. Davis, the following reso-
luton was adopted:
ResoIued, That members of this committee shall
have the privilege of questioning the exhibitors of
syrups and sugars as to how sugar on exhibition
was made; whether other ingredi ents were used in
les manufacture, and said exhibitors are hereby
to give such information.
Adopted.
On motion of Mr.. Wiley, the following
was adopted:
Resolued, That the Committee ON Syrup be in
structed to report the best three samples of syrup
on exhibition, and that the man ufactures of such
samples be requested and expected TO furnish the
Secretary full statement of their process, incud-
ing the soh and cultivation, within ten days.
Adjourned to Z P. NJ.
EVENING SESSION.
The President stated that it had been sug-
gested that a committee should be appointed
to memorabilia Con gress to remove the tax
of 3 PEE cent on manufacturing Sorghum
After some discussion in which it appeared
that the practice of Internal Revenue Col
lectors on the subject was not uniform,
Messrs. E. w. Young, E. S. Skinner and S.
b. Edwards, were appointed committee to
confer with Commissioner Lewis on the sub
iect.
Mr.. Wiley was appointed to cooperate
with the National Committee to collect sta
ii tics and seeds, select the best canes and
classify them and attend to such other mat
tiers as may be necessary.
Messrs. Young, Leland, Wiley, Atword
and Boyce were appointed committee to
confer with the Legislature, relative to pub
fishing the proceedings of the Convention.
The subject of evaporation was resumed.
Mr. Davis said all experience seemed to
favor quick evaporation. He had been sue
cessful in boiling syrup half down one day
and completing it the next day, but evapora-
ted rapidly while at it.
Mr.. futile said when it stood over night
the syrup was darker and injured.
Mr.. Youngman thought it was advantage
Gus to let it cool from boiling to go and then
finish up next morning. 1t gave purer and
clearer article.
Mr.. Skinner thought this testimony con-
trary to a great amount of evidence he had
seen upon this subject All writer's agree
that a steady fire should be kept up; if al
lowed to cool the glutin coagulates, and it is
then impossible to get it out.
Mr.. Dow had neighbor who had adopted
the cooling process, and he always had fine
syrup.
Mr.. Carwin thought leaving it would dark
en- nd.injure the syrup.
The subject of the expense of manufactur-
ing was then considered.
Mr.. Seward said he used poplar poles for
fuel in boiling. Light wood was better than
hard. He used three-fourth of a cord to
make 100 gallons of syrup. Three men and
one span of horses made 200 gallons in 10
hours. At present price of labor it cost him
20 cents gallon. Ordinarily he dould make
it for u. He remedied coating by letting in
cold water at night, and in the morning
brought it to a boil, then washed with
broom, and thus kept his pan clean.
Mr.. Baldwin manufactured at 10 to II cents
a gallon-without counting wear and tear Of
machinery, with wood at rs cents cord.