The Burlington weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington [Iowa]) 1860-1876, 1865-03-18


agent between foreign nations and that Of
the American continent, is probably neces.
sASy; and We have another rising on the
Pacific side, in San Francisco. But i1iahe
meantime tbfs war has brought about and
VIII continue . commercial revolution,
which It is we'll for every business man to
Look at-at least a. The leading facts We
will state some Of these facts:
I. The last sogs yaers Of war has almost
Destroyed The cotton trade Of New York
But il has not destroyed the foreign cokr-
meree Of the United States o. its exports.
On The contrary, the exporss are larger
than ever IF we take iuto view the popu.
Iation only Of the loyal, ore :, porting ooun.
try. The total exports of 1860 and 1864
Wereras follows: s elNi tseE8s ~
In 1860, gross exports ..... =. SEQ, l2o ,295
8 In 1854 ss,se.4s - 81 H4O. Ns5 $50
The decrease is by 10 means as great IS
IS this export com posed? In 1860 tie val
ue OF cotton and rice exported was rSl94,- !
O0O. GOO, or 48 per. cent. OF the whole amount.
Now it is $lo, ,000, 600, or only 8 peS cent
The product and manufactured OF the cOt-
ton States in 1860 we're only 20 per cent; !;
but In 1854 they were more than, 80 per
cent. The total exports of all the Statea
except the cotton States was. ia 1880. sos,
coo, GOO but in 1864 they were 1885,, COX, ,0OO,
or an increase Of 60 per cent. e9f
IL losing the cotton trade New York lost
all the support itfl6riyed sfgcm the South.
Can it be regained7 In all probability an
other generation must pass away before the
cattoE pYodu ct and commerce viii regain
its former magnitude. A revolution, thor
ough and complete Is going on ID theSouth
and until that is done, and the new ele-
produce as much - lit did. The negroes
emancipeted--the masters unaccustomed
to free laborers-society must be wholly
re-0rganized. The negroes, who cam a1,
ways live on very little, viii .at Aftt be
much less productive. A great sfnmigra-
ton 70 the South will take place, and the
form oi industry pc greatly changed. In
into q new system Of production. but this
viii take time; and for twenty years no
one need expect to Zee the old p1 oduction
Of cotton, In the 10 enrti me, the cotton OF
Africa viii! be developed, and the United
States be no longer the exclusive gfbiter OF
cotton. II is very well. for all its intiuen-
COS are corrupting, especiall ; VIII b the slave
system. Practically, shen, here is one ele-
xhent Of commercial revolution
2. Let us now look d: another element OF
change. We have seen that the exports OF
all the States bu. the cotton States increas-
ed 60 per cent. How was that compared /?
The first fact IN this account is that each
year tae de,nC1sd Of Europe for Anserica,,
bye0dstu0s and prQvisfo,ss Increases. We
mean the average, for IN some years there
are extraordinary cr0pA there, and the de-
1hand is but little, bn: for half century
the average demand has increased. The
greatest impetus 70 our export Of bread
stuffs was given by the Irish famine OF
1878. American products got TO be pop
ular in Great Britain, and although the
famine went away. the demand for bread
stufts contluued.s So also the demaud for
provisions and various other products con-
ports amounted 70 $3.50, ,00O, 600, exclusive OF
cotton and rice. This export was Composed
AZ follows: " s;sss-,s.sg ,s.sss i
Breadstuds, prOvlsions, petroleum, lard,
Candles oils, tic, the prooC cts Of the central
West, $50, COX, 900; gold, the product of the
Pacific. 100000, 600; man uiactur res and pro-
ductsof the Northern Atlantic States, $5o,-
O00,00O; cotton and rice, products Of the
South, 30, ,0oO. 600. .v.~ .'' =,
ports, e2sO, ,O0O, 900, of IS per cent, are The
products Of the Central West and the Pa
cific. New England. New York, New Jer-
sey, and tPennsylvania, taken together.
produces no surplus OF breadstntfs 81 pro-
vixions. Hence the entire exp port Of bread
strffssand provisions is properly ses. down
TO the Central West. 3 We imported some
gold. 80 that athe actual balance Of gold
against as was S9l sO00. 900; but we actually
ex ported $l0O, OK, 600 Of American gold.
In this statement we see another element
OF great commercial revolution. For a
great many Years the north valley Of the
Mississippi must be regarded as the great
source Of products Except gold) to ex-
change for foreign merchandise. Gold is
almost the sole product Of the Pacific, and
honce, San Francisco became on the paci.
VnNA b ;sSr ~ x;~ -
will soon rival it il all money transactions.
We cannot hero sag a volume which might
be said On the future of the Pacific States,
It IL enough to note here two or three con-
sequences which are beginning to follow
this commercial revolution. In the first
place, San francisco exported thirty.fve
millions ii gold direct to Europe. Hence,
New York has ceased to be any correct cri-
terion of the gold market. In New York
they think. this is temporary But that is
doubtful Tho Population Of the Pacific
coast is inoreaaing at an immense rate.
and its trade with Asia increasing at cor.
rate, hence the export OF gold
direct from the Pacific coast must continue
great 2 Again: why should the exchanges
carried on with E0rope, erising out ofwest-
srn produce, center in New York p Why
that there are already several importing
houses In Cincinnati and, probably may be
IA st. Louis. We a.must, however, prbceed
without considering this point. i..g., ..S..s
8. The iidoagof Free 'Trades was A staple
theory od tho South and q large part Of tke|
Demcwatic paxty But the war has killed
that for at leaat thirty. years to come. With
The downfall of Southern politics tho theory
of Free trade fell also. There arc q great
many politicians, and some thinking men,
Who desire Free Trade and would 6e glad
% make II N issue IN 1utnre political eoa-|