, 1865-06-15
GtifQgo Wr1bune.
THURSDAY, JUNE Is, BG6.
THURSDAY, JUNE Is, l866.
THE SOUTH
Political and Social Condition
Of Alabama,
RICHMOND UNDER FEDERAL
RULE.
Virginia and West Virginia.

Affairs In MISUNDERSTANDING Idie-
mss aud AarbH rtsm-. Tho DISPOSE.
r1"B Of khe People Toward the Gov.
erument..Ths heed tor military Pro:
lection AgainAt Social and Indu%frta!
D1sorEAnlZ4tlon.-Th EmunclpRted
Negro In Ills New Condition.
Correspondence of the y. T. Times -
hoB1LE. Ala Sunday. May -, 1855.
have Just made tour along. the iina Of
Montgomery and thence down the Alabama
river TO this place, stopping at Tarlous points
and making very careful INQUIRY all along, 30
as 10 ascertain rs nearly as could the exact
condition Of affairs IN that region Of the late
Confederacy. I shall not write In this letter
any highly colored sentences or indulge In
any Er.ie,ched worde, but 1in tell you as uu-
vanished story Of fact as possibly can.
The people, black and white, are starving.
The whites are hardly conscious of their eitu-
atiou. They arc as mean End as proud as
ever. They dresa In rags and have no money
They eubsist mainly By eating refuse. which,
in ordinary times, would hardly be given to
the dogs.
Some procure rations from the Government
OF The Omitted States others 20 hungry,
They vii not work. They say that they
gers" should engage in toll. Thinking them
selves true to this character. they allow their
lands to 70 uncultirated. Their gardens,
which by ihelr own industry, aside from the
industry Of the negro. should bud and
On the tralu nhsch bore 10 the capital OF
Alnbama we've q 1arge number Of women.
who were going to the: military authorities
tos sat!o1s. They were e1eesd.ngly bitter,
plcascd against the former, but regarding the
latter they must keep "nuu." There were
Confederate soldiers on board, aod when g
VOID vas said against JeE: or the defunct
cry out shut up," and with such emphasis
as caused general Silence on that subject.
One woman, formerly from Ptnsacola, in
formed me that her husband was conscripted
/ into the rebel service at a time when she lay
very sick, and while he was gone for q physt.
him to 60 much as to 80 home and ssy,
"Good-bye." She had dve s,aan children,
| and for two days WAS unable 10 pEec1.c them
any focd. Though without monty she ven
| turtd On the car, and when the conductor
came along tor ttckets,. she said she had no
money md that Ehe could not pay him The
conductor informed her that she should not
/ hhvegoue on board publfc conveyance with
out means 10 my her passaEe, Tue poor s:ul
began TO cry aloud, thinking she was to be
| Iut off, 4 Yankee soldier, p1tytug her, paid
her fare, and tie conductor was satisfied. A
mad rebel, standing by, told the passengers
that It served ler night, ind that she ought
70 tc put Of any one who would talk Of
President Davis as she did"
There were FIVE tsmcs more Confedera.cs
Than there were Union soldiers on the train.
Indeed, one would suppose that the rebellion
Was yet IN its glory FROM the speeches ofthe
| biaggarts. Union;mtn cannot breathe freely
or rest at any ease apart from the military
authorities. This is = solemn fact. Along
the entire line VIC witnessed enough to con-
I Nm, t1n<r
will suit this country for many months 10
come.
| I heard Of starvtd womcn and children
persons who Lad actually starved to death.
1havc no doubt th1t such is the case. The
appearance OF the country fully justides the
among the people. And yet it is strange how
terribly utter the returned rebels are Even
On their way to the Government Commissary
TO procure rations they abuse the government
and the people Of the United States, Terms
IS unmercifal az anr We have heard for months
were used by this mad people.
The colored people will te murdered and
driven to untimely graves II the government
does not keep provost guards At the couaty
seats snd the cities. 60 grca. is the madness
lion, that, On their return hons, they
amuse themselves By cutting off the ears.
noscs or lips Of their former slaves. This Is
not dream. II IL terrible fact, and I am
Euro that when it Is known to our loyal peo-
pie, there will arise such feeling Of iudigna-
tton as will surely reach the very hesyena.
At Montgomery tiye men came in one day
with cars cut OF and IN an almost nude state.
Others came in With thtoats cut, while others
appeared terribly marked over their bodies
With etirks and stones: The perpetrators arc
"ehiya1rous" men, high minded, we11.bred
gentlemen, no doubt Thank Heaven, the
dominion Of such gentry Is at an end. Gen.
4. ]. Smith and Col. Geddes are yiglant IN
their search for the cruel monsters. But these
cssea are only samples. All officers and SOL
deepest horror over these awful deeds, and
arr resolved that they must end
| When the train stops On the railroad, OF
when boat stops at landing, the delay is
usually spent in tormcnttng poor co]ored
bosrd. The only exceptions arc known when
| sufficient number Of Union officers and SOL
dic1s are On board 10 give protection to the
poor 1tfugces-
lam Of the orlnlon. eandidly, that one
twentieth Of these awful deeds WILL never be
Known.
On ny journey down the Alabama met
aud cpnyersed with the celebrated Captain
semmes, OF the Alabama. He looked mad
and ragged. The captain OF the steamboat,
finding that The pirate bad no means with
present Of some. he was accompanied By his
ron, who is a young fellow Of about twenty
years Of age.
semmes SAID, "The country Is rusncd -
} Southern gentlemen are utterly reduced to
poverty By these cruel iuTaders-there is no
hope lfft-such as can get away will have to
seek some corner Of the Garth where they can
live Is Eenslemen-he had no doubt that the
~ gro was happy tn state OF slayesT-free-
com ~ understood By the negro ls worse
than slavery In any forn, md tho Yankees
scnthern slavery should perish and they have
sna sSs Worst are people ie' oa tss
top Of tha essta-hsstoEy furnishes no
record Of people 50 Industrious md SO per-
Of the South, with : cause 50 just, Is n deep
! mystery that wears the appearance Of God
being against the eouth, but that could not
be fact, for the reason that the sacrifices
and devotion Of the Southern people Were SO
sincere and 60 religious" He bad novel
Richmond. ii il f title fis!s Lady Andiey's Sc. .
cret"
On nearing Mobile nc we're little mora
free, and conversed With rebel ot1cels con-
eldera1ly. Speaking OF "ous government" j"
no, Sir, rot orr government; !; 1t is 5oars.
We have no government We ARE alie1s aud
foreigners, md Will never have our souls SO
degraded as to have anything Thoteve, to do
with such a government. Release Us from
the obligations Of this parole, and we will
powered us.'' Yes. sir, that's our view, y
sa!d dozen Others Of the same stripe.
Rev. Mr. Conway, Gtne1al Superintendent
OF Freedmen, ia rapidly organizing of1cea
Tor the protection Of the freedmen in the
State. and Is doing great good.
Gen. Canby has given him the charge OF Al
abama, Louisiana, West Fioriaa and Mis-
sfesippI.
xo1Es or R1cmNoxD-rHp nIAc1zrxKp re.
AArS6 OF wAR-ENTERPRlsE REy1yISG
SLOWLY.
Correspondence Cincinnati Gazette.J
The visitor to Richmond cannot help being
astouishcd at the extent OF the condag ration,
of which the published accounts seem to
have conveyed no adequate idea. Two-thirds
Of the buelncEa portion Of the city, comprfs.
Ing the establishments Of the largest frmu
and the centers OF trade, is in ashes. Moro
Than any solid square blocks, as aseer-
dated chlmneys, and blackeucd and crumb-
ling walls, alone remain, and present q
pi'1ful spectacle. IA to the origin or the fire,
citizens say that It did not result from the
burning Of the tobacco warehouses (which
were fred By order Of the rebel authorities
blacks, whose ohjecta were plunder, and ven
gcnncc on the ex1ortioners that had hoarded
provisions, DC, kept up prices, and reduced
the poor 70 The verge q starvation. sons Of
tie nc6t bitter rebels declare that they have
no perso pal sympathy for many Of these who
ishmcnt for their greed, and their grinding
| ayatice. Even In these ruins, one secs
proof Of the lack Of enterprise, which char
acferizes slave communities, and Of tht
the war has brought the sou,h. Not
the slightest effort had been made to remove
the walls that are left standing, and which
| seriouE1y endauEcr the lives OF passers By.