The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1865-12-12


Tee eight Or nlao States nearest The Cali
81 Mexico have = sosi q exubcfaat fertile
y, climate friendly 10 loog liz, and can
sustain denscr popalal,oa ihsa il found
a. ys, IN aay part q oar couaity. and ihs
future influs 81 population 20 illrm will be
mainly lr,n ihe N0rh, or from the most
cultivated naiioas 10 Europe. Fro.a the
suacriugs that have attended them during
eur late struggle, 10 us look away 70 the
tniarc, which - sure 10 BE- lsdra For them
Wiih greater prosperity thar has ever been
knowp. The removal Of the monopoly of
slave labor Is pledge that those regions
viii be peoplel by a Numerous sni enter
Z prising population, which will vic Sith any
IN tbe uuion, ia compacgacss, inventive
4 genius, wealth and industry. Our gov
erumeml springs ltom and was made Tor
the people, not the people 'or tie covers
meat 10 them it owes allegiance from
them Il must derive ia courage. strength
and wisdom. Bu. while the government
IS thus bound to defer to the people, irom
I whom Il derives its existence, il should,
irom the very consideration Of iis origin.
be strong ia is power of resistance 10 tho
establishment OF inequalities Muopo-
lies, prrpeIuit'es and class legislation, are
contrary to the genius OF u tree govern
menl, and ought not TO be allowed Here
there Is 10 room for favored classes or
monopolies The principle ofour govern
.sment Is that Of equal laws AMI freedom OF
industry Wherever monopoly obtains q
ioothoId, IL is sure TO be source uf dan.
ger, dscord aud trouble. We shall but
iulh I our duties AS Legislators by according
equal aud exact justice to all mcn, speciAl
privileges to none. The Government il.
Subordinate @ the people, but as the agent
aud representative Of the people it must
be held superior to monopolles, which in'
themselves ought never to be granted, and
which, where they exist, must be subordi-
nate and yield to the Government. Tho
constitution euuiets on Congress the right
TO rrgulAte commerce among the several
States. II j, Of the first necessity for the
maintenance OF Ilie Union, that that com.
merce should be free and unobstructed.--
No State can be justified in a'y device to
tax the transit OF travel and commerce
between States. The position Of many
States Is such, that II they were allowed
to take advantage Of il Tor purpos.S OF To-
cal revenue, the commerce between tho
States might be injuriously burdened or
even virtually prohibited. II is best, xhile
The country Is still young and while th.
tendency to dangerous monopoles OF lhls
kind is sill feeble, TO nse the pewer OK
Congress so ~ 10 prevent any selfish inn
pediment to the tree circulation of men
and merchandise. A tax on travel and
merchandise IN their transit, constitutes
one OF the worst forms Of monopoly, and
the evil is increased if coupled with a de-
nial oi The choice OF route. When the
vast extent OF our country is considered,
it s plain that eytry obstacle 10 Ihe free
circulation OF commerce between the States
ought TO be sternly guarded against by ap-
propria;e legislation within The limits oE
The Constitution.
The report Of the Secretary Of the In.
terror explains the condition Of the public
ifhlAHt viz " NlhlNbAlhita VI tllN A AkNtlL OI~
iice and the Pension Bureau, the manage.
menl Of our Indian aatirs, the progress
made IA the construction Of the Pacific
Railroad, and furnishes information IL
reference tomatcrs Of local interest in the
Dstric, Of Columbia. 1t also presents
evidence OF the successful operation OF the
Homestead Act, under the provisions 0f
wIlica i, 60,533 acres OF the public bands
were entered during the last fiscal year
more than one fourth Of the whole numhrr
OF acres sold or Otherwise disposed Of dur.
ing that period Ii is eslinla ed that the
receipts derived from this source are suit
fcieni u cover the expenses cdeut to
the survey and disposal Of the lands en-
tered under this Aci, anil that ph, ments
IN cas- TO the amount OF from forty 70 lif y
per cent will be made by settlers, who.
may thus at any time acquire title brfDrp
the expiration OF the period at which il
would Otherwise vest. The homestead
policy was established only after long
and earnest resistance experiences prove.
it, wisdom. The lands, in the hands of
indus rious settlers, whose labur creates
wealth and contributes 10 the public re-
sources, are worth more 10 the United
States than If they had been reserved az
solitude for future purchascri
The lamellable events. OF the last four
years, and the sacrifices made by the gal
liant men OF our army ant nave, have
swelltd the records ot The Pensio Bufeu
to an unprecedented extent. On the .3tbt
day Of June lat, the toal number oi p..s
sions wac 1886, requiring for tbrir am
nual pay, exclusive OF expens =, le sfn
Of S8,0Z3, ,44j. lie number of applic,.
tions that have been allowed sine, ths
date will require large ineIease Of this
amount for the next hsc year. The
mcans for the pa menl Vi the silp,nds due
under existing laws. 10 our disabed soid.
lers and sailors, aud 10 the lamiIlrs Of saeh
IS have perish d il the service OF tne
will no doubt be promptly and
granted. A pratriui pvoyle
wtll not hesitate ~ Sanction any measured
having for their object the relief Of sol.l4r-
iers mutilaled an,i families male Eilberlrss-
h the efforts 10 preserve the national *.
stence.
Tie report ol the Postmaster General
presents an encouraging eNiiioi, 81 the op-
s.alions u he Posioiliec DepAr inc,n d,r