Holmes County farmer. [volume] (Millersburg, Ohio) 1857-1926, 1865-08-17

States. That there may be no mistake in
reference TO this, | quote them:
First The principle must be put be.
yond all question, that the Republic has a
direct claim upon the allegiance Of every
citizen, from which no State can absolve
him, and to his obedience to the laws ofthc
Republic, any thing in the Constitution or
laws any State to the contrary notwith.
standing.
"Second. The public faith Is pledged to
every person of color in the rebel States to
secure to them and TO their postcrity for
ever, complete and veritabc freedom. 49,
Having provided them this freedom. secured
their aid on the faith of this promise, and
by successful war and actual military oc.
cupation of the country, having obtained
the power to secure the result, VIC are dis
bonored, five fail to make it good to them.
J. Third. The system, of slavery must be
abolished and prohibited by paramount and
irreversiblc law. Throughout the rebel
States there must be, in the words of Web.
ster, impressed upon the soil itself AN in
ability to bear up any but free men.
Fourth. The systems of the States must
be truly republican"
The application made Of the last principle
in the address, | do not regard a. sound.
but shall perhaps agree more fully with
you, than you do with the address, when
assert that in republican community polit
ica privileges of any kind can never Lc
rightly or safely based upon hereditary caste
How then, it will naturally be asked, can
there be any practical difference between US
as to the mode of carrying out these princi.
pies! 1t is found in the views we take OF
mutual relations of the two races in the
South. You. Judgihg fron. de dis.
tdnce, sag "Deltvcr The .t0ur millions Of .treeo
people into the hands Of their .forDcr op
pressors nor en,bhe,ed By their defeat, and
they rW make their condition worSe TIA,
before. l. starting from the same priaci.
Piles, and after JoW gears Of close ana
Houghtfm observation Of the races uher,
they are, say | am unwHimgly Jorced to tn
conriction that the effect Of he ,cdr has no
simply been to 'embdfer' their rctatioHs
: Jm TO derelop rootd ontugonisn, uIicj
makes their permanent .JustOR IN one Dolic0
: community an absolute impoSsibiiity Thu
sole difference between US then is in the de
qree of hostility we find existing betweel
the races, and its probable permanence
You assume that the extension of the righ
of suffrage to the blacks, ieord,g Mom mtcr
f n,ired ,c,h tie uhttes, will cure all trouble
| beliere 1t woud rather be like he deciSion
IN Mat outer darkness of which Milton
speaks, where
"CaoS umpire sits,
And by decision more embrois the fray
Yet, as affirm with you, that the righ
to life and liberty are inalienable, and moro
than admit the danger of leaving aborine
class at the entire mercy of those who for
mally owned them as slaves, you will say
/ am bound to furnish some solution Of III,
problem uItich shall not deny he right no.
incur the peril 50 am, and the only reo
5 solution ,chich 1 can gire IS tie PEACEABLl
l SEPARATION OF THE RACES. But, you vii
f reply, foreign colonization will break dow
$ hopelessly under the very vastness of til
labor, even if it were not tyrannical to eXpe
these unfortunate people from the land o
their BIRTH / grant the full weight of til,
objection, and therefore say the solution i
> thus narrowed down to pedceuJle Sepuru
ration of the races on the soil ,chere Mey nOn
r are
f The essential point in the discussion thu
appears to be actual relations of the tw,
races in the Southern States as question
. of fact, and the probable future consequcn
, ces OF these relations as question of theo
A ry.
g Upon the question of fact think ma,
Y with all modesty claim that my antecedcnt
: and my opportunities of observation entitl
my testimony to have some weight, ever
Y with the most radical anti-savery men o
0 the North
g The antagonism of which have spokel
4 is not entirely one-sided On the part o
g the former master it takes the form of al
G indomitable pride, which utterly refuses t
t entertain the idea of political or social equal
Q ity, mingled with hatred intensified by tn
: circumstances and the results Of the war
: This feeling IS not confned to he Slare-ocn
h ers atone, 6m Me poor ,ohites share II fully
H and shOw Il more pdSstOnateiy.
/, On the part of the freedmen, it is mani
T., tested in an utter distrust of the dominan
# race, and an enmity which, although mad
d by circumstances more passive and les
e openly manifested, is as real and implaco
# bic as the other They hare the mutual al
d traction Of race among themselves, and ~
a pulsion, Of the mhite as another people, d,
G ceiOped to degree Uhjch surprised me-
g is not as individuals of nation common t
n us ALL that they speak of themselves, but
It to use the language of one of them, speak
# ing to himself, they feel that they "hay
n long been an oppressed and down trodde
l. people.
e Hildrcth, in his Despotism IN Americc
Is declared slavery to be in niselfa state of wa
and this character is indelibly impressed VI
" on both races in the South. The capti,
le learns duplicity toward his captor, and
e the slave it has become marked characte
q istc. 1t is fair stratagem for which h
4 feels no guilt. have seen a master boast
n ing of the fidelity of his servant, and dis
n cussing the subject of slavery in his pre-
}. ence, whilst the negro waited upon hil
J. with an impassive humility which woul
n make you believe that no intelligent idea
!. freedom had ever penetrated his brall
}. Yet | have seen the same negro afterwal
" in camp, transformed into clear -heade
d ally of our troops, leading them to his ma
e ter's buried stores, or guiding them to ii
IS hanks of the encmy's lines, with an INTEL
N gence and steadiness Of purpose which lie
y no doubt as to his understanding of Il
IS conflict between himself and master.
N The daily and hourly repetition of proc
,r of this fact, many Of them too subtle Il
q deception but none the less convincing
3 to the observer, has fully convinced me TIL
is never between the Norman and Saxon, n,
n between Gaul and Frank, was there mo-
n conscious hatred, or antayontsm more like
4 TO prore inreterdte, than between black al
Iy white upon our southern soil. The negro
III wW hare no sense Of security nor .fdith
st their former masters eren If they offer the
" political rights; they ~iH fear them as ID
cr naos dono tereates.
:. What does history teach us in regard