davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29

tween this and the other battle grounds
is that the slain were all buried in one
mound. t.t
After the Socks were all oxtermin-
ated, with the exception of the twelve
families before mentioned, a council
was held TO determine what to do with
them. 1t was finally agreed to send
them west of the Mississippi, and an
Arrangement was made with the Sioux
that no tribe should be allowed TO
modest them, and the Sioux should be
responsible for their protection, which
agreement was faithfully kept. ,
Tho cnnourpd vu,ffttrp ~
s,..tiii III Valley, was then divided be-
tween the different tribes, and was
afterwards converted into what would
be termed, in civilized nations, penal
colony. Every Indian who committed
a crime would flee to this country to
escape punishment, Indian laws being
more strict in those days than they
arc now.
The Chipeways being tho most nu-
merous that language eventually pre-
dominated, but at the present time,
the Indians in the Saginaw Valley do
not speak in all respects the same as
the Chipeways on Lake Superior, from
whom they originally sprung. The
mixing of the different nations in the
Saginaw Valley is the cause of it. -
Pa-tea-gisas-a-min says his grand
father told it to him, when he was. q
boy which must have been ninety
years before, and that it had been
handed down to his grandfather by his
grandfather when he was boy, and
SO on, from generation to generation.
/ have talked with..two other old
Indians, and their traditions is pre-
cisely tho same, so that l have no
doubt that tho foregoing is correct
history of the Saginaw Valley, as
much so as if it had been written at
the time, and handed down to US as a
matter of history. a
Skull Island alluded to above, de-
rived its name from the number Of
skulls that remained on it for years
and years after the IN assacre.
Pa-ted -quds-a-min, from whom the
above tradition was obtained, died in
the year 1884, on the Cass River, and
was said by the Indians to have been
one hundred and twenty years old.
Yours, PIONEER.
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29
A COMPLETE AssoRTMENr

OF everything usually TO be found in any Hard
ware Establisbmcnt, East or West, withthc ad.
diton ~ articles incident TO the business az Lum
tering, Salt Boring and Manufacture, Fishing,
Hunting and Trapping, will always 10 found at
my Store, whore shall te happy as all times
TO meet old customers and new. Past patronage
gratefully acknowledged
49, u. II. BUcKIltrT.
East Saginaw, Aug, ], lfji.
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29

Las, s.s'r,.r y y ,,E. ). liie4 INV
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29
pE TERMS, CASH. -Es

Country produce Of all kinds taken In sx-
change FOR goods.
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29
MUSIC FOR PARTIES.

JAMES X DEARY, will furnish music for
~ Dalls Parties and Private occasions, ON fhort
notice and reasonable terms
Orders left ut ID. i. Checslro A Co.'S Eusic
Store, bancroft Block, will receive prompt aucr-.
'"ne Sx< 30 n Z, ,,,o,r,s !; :, or
East Saginaw, Fob II, 1865. :, 2oo]i~ !
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29
Seasonable Goods 4!

Asplendid lot Of Wool Flspnels, 10 White Coz. Z
ored and Printed Goods. ~
Also COTTON WARpS and CANTON FLAN-.
NELS. f.ft ~. a.,
In the above will be found the best articles or
All Wool and Cotton warps, Shaker Goods, 10.
have also lot Of Knit Wooden Goods, such az.
sontags. Nubias, scarfs, Gsiters Coats, Ac. lsfie
good assortment II Worsted Dress Goods.
0inghhms, Prints Brown and Dleached shirt-
ings, Table Linnen and Teweling, Cloths, CASH.
mercs, Dalmeral aud Hoop Skirts, Fancy 0ocas,.
Yankee Notions. Willow Baskcts, DC, do, yft
And othcrGoods, ut reduced prices.
D. WOKE,
Grant Block Washington street
East Saginaw, Dec. leGi;
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29

A large and beautiful variety of Lamps, Look
ing Glasses, Chamber Sets, common and fine
Table Cutlery, common aud silver Forks and
Spoons, Egg Why's and Basteys, Pocket Knives
Shears, Scissors, &c, with general variety of
Yankee Notions, as Pins, Needles, Thread, But
tons, &c. Drcss Trimmings, Ladies' Gloves and
Hosiery in great variety
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-03-29
Tobacco, Cigars, sc.
Liquors of All Kinds.
COME AND SEE US.

We invite all TO cali examine our Goods, and
ascertain the prices. No charge for showing
goods or answering questions. We have cstab-
lishcd ourselves permanently in this city, and our
facilities Cor trade arcfuily cqusl to thsco any
Of our nsighbcn. I IN ~ LIZ ~
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
ANDERsONvILLE.

The N6irS dlscretts the charges OF purposeu
starvation brother destruction of Union prisoners
of war at Andersonvile, believing that their
suficriugs have been exaggerated, or were I'M
avodable and, in reference TO the expected
trial of the keeper, adds:
Bat, guilty or not guilty Capt. Henry Wrts or or
any one else, has fail claim to all ms rights III inW
proved guilty OF crime bv any court having Jnrsdlcoh
IN his case shall concur in the justice Oh tne sen
tence that may pronounce upon him the penalty in"'
fully attaching to that crime.
cuded in the surrender OF Gen. Lee OF OF Ten J0nn
ston On that ground then, ne has received Tor all MS
acts committed In the discharge oil MS uut! 10 ,nc wi
federate Government the amnesty involved IN his right
10 return 10 his home without mocsta0n from the au
hortics the United States Unless his treatment OF
the prisoners under his charge can De shown TO nave
been such as TO have drawn down the reputation OF his
own Government he cannot be held bound Tor IT, lndl-
vdualy in view OF the consequent presumption that II
was carried out in the line OF his dutv'
We most emphatically dissent from this
doctrine. War is not murder, and does not in-
volve nor excuse murder; while the starvation
or other willful killing of prisoners is murder
utterly without excuse. If a belligercnt be
comes unable TO feed or shelter prisoners, he has
no right TO hold them another hour. They cease
to be lawful prisoners from that moment And
10 order can constran true soldier to torture
or famish the disarmed and helpless; nor is a
superior who can give such an order
entitled to his obedience or respect.
As 20 the completely of the Confederate au-
thorties in the Andersonville tragedy, we
choose to await the issue of pending investiga-
tons before judging; but we protest against the
doctrine propounded by The Noes. A muir
derer, posoner, does not secure IMMUNITY for
his crime by being included in captulaton.
No immunity for crimes that were not contem-
plated in negotiating the surrender are con-
doned by its ratification. A prisoner may fairly
plead "You know was what you call Rebel,
and you had no moral right to accept Inc as a
prisoner if you were thereupon to prosecute me
as a traitor" but no one can plausibly say,
"You knew | had starved your men who
were prisoners of war, and should have refused
my parole if you intended to prosecute for that
act" jeff. Thompson, in his farewell address
to his disbanding (Rebe) army, indicated the
true distinction on this head. We believe any
officer, Union or Rebel, may be prosecuted after
peace for acts of cruelty or devastation done
under color of hostilites but not justified by
the laws Of civilized warfare, and we sincerely
hope all who have violated those laws may he
so prosecuted 1t would furnish an example o!
salutary and lasting benefcence.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
THE NILE DISCOVERIES.

| The three most memorable events IN the
Geographical world during the past two years
are the explorations in Arabia By Mr.. Palgraye,
in Central Asia by vdmbery, and the discovery
of the second great source of the Nile BY Mr..
Baker. News Of the last achievement has been
very recently received in England. The
At.enqum publishes letter from Earl Russell's
secretary to Sir Roderick Murchison, the Presi-
dent of the Geographical Society, covering tele-
grams of the 9th and 18th June from AleXan-
dria, announcing Mr.. Bakers discovery. Letters
dated the 10th of May, had been received at
Alexandria by Mr.. Consul-General Colquhoun,
from Khartum, II modern capital town of Nubia,
at the junction of the Blue and the White Nile.
They speak of the discovery as second not in
Importance but in time TO the Victoria Nyanza
of Spoke. Mr.. Consul Stanley also describes it
as ga discovery of the second and main source
of the Nile in Lake Albert Nyanza, north
Latitude two degrees and seventeen minutes"
Mr.. Baker is well known as an African trav-
eler and received prize from the Geographical
Society at its last anniversary. But his present
success will scarcely set at rest the controyer-
sizes which Capt. Speke's claim to have found
the main source of the Nile excited. Ii is by
no means agreed that the present discovery
surpasses in importance that of Capt. Spoke,
though at first it was positively asserted. Mr..
John Hogg wrote to The AhsnGum
ct consider with Sir II. Murchson that this lake is
most likely may almost for cerain) the Little Luta
Mage OF Spoke and Grant. and which Mr.. Baker had
undertaken to visit and explore To this discovery
have looked forward for some time. and Affords In ali
probability, confirmation Of my views with regard 10
the additional sources Of the Nile"
1t was stated by Mr.. Hogg in 1868 that fur
ther explorations were necessary to ascertain
what Qf any waters join that lake at the equa-
tor, which is called Little Luta Nzig6, meaning
the Dead Locust, with its salt islands, and sup
posed to DO 900 or 200 feet lower than the
Nyanza." The error which Capts. Spoke and
Grant, in Mr.. Hogs view, committed, was in
having left the river at the Karuma Falls and
proceeding due north, while the river itself turns
to the west. He considers that had they fol.
| lowed its course toward Lake Luta Nzige, they
might almost certainly have established the
connection between those waters. Mr.. Uogg
goes on to say:
This lake Is reported to extend through fully two
degrees of latitude and although Speke's map incor
recly states II TO BIO backwater TO tho Niie l con
sdered II to be fOntwAter VI no uncomfortable di
mansions to the White Nile.
down In tho Arabic map about A. ID. 500 oalet
Tabula Almamunisaa also in that Of lbn Said In MA
aud IN tho 'Taluls Rotupda kogeriAas VI llst-su Q
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

&C., &c. All this is but very partially
true. We personally know several Southern
gentlemen, always hitherto shareholders, each
of whom says, go my negroes are
all at work. told them would
do what was right by them when
the crop was marketed, and they
were perfectly satisfied" In very few ill.,
stances. some OF the negroes went off at first,
wishing to be sure they were free; but they
were soon glad to return and go to work. Not
one planter in hundred who was fit to have
the direction of laborers has had any difficulty
in procuring or keeping all the help he wanted
on his own terms. And wherever seed. ami
mails and implements were attainable, crop
will be made; though there are localities IN
which the devastation and ruin were 80 COM
plete that the ground must mainly lie iallow
this year and the poor suffer for food next
Winter
There is widespread suffering now, especially
among the widows and orphans OF those who
have died for the Rebellion. Many OF those
will continue needy for years Yet, having
ceased to destroy, we have begun to repair, and
every hour will reduce the number OF those
who, being able and willing to labor, are yet
suffering from want.
The great need of the devastated region is
Peace-Peace between loyal and ex-Rebel, be-
tween North and South, White and Black; and
of this peace the cornerstone is recognition OF
the inalcnable Rights of Man.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
THE HARVARD MEMORIAL.

Five hundred and twenty-nine graduates Of
Harvard went to the war, nearly One-fourth of
the living alumni. Ninety-three died in battle,
in hospital, or in prison. Living or dead, these
Young heroes bring ali honorable fame to the
dear college that nourished them in manly
ways, and to both living and dead the coll
lege will build monument. 1t is
touching to see how eagerly tho
poung men gave themselves to their country
how the list of the dead grows larger in the
classes from '5s to 60 and "a. The names OF
some of these young men will never perish from
history-never lose their interest in the freside
talk about the war-never cease to sound like
trumpet-n0tes in the ear of those who tread, as
they trod the groves of classic Harvard. James
Savage. Lieut.. Colonel of the famous Massachu-
setts I'd, dying Of wounds at Cedar Mountain;
Wilder Dwight Of the same regiment, dying
of wounds at Antietam; Lowell MORALLY
wounded az Cedar Creek; Shaw dying
colonel of the first colored regiment from the
North, the immortal Massachusetts, 54th-what
names in all the war shine out with q purer
luster than these! But Harvard will write
many beside these on whitest marble IN
letters of gold in the Memorial Hall she pur'
poses to build.
A Committee appointed at meeting Of
graduates last May on the subject OF Per
manent Memorial" has made its report, IN
which the claims Of various sorts Of monument
are discussed. Three were suggested-mura
tablets in the entrance or upon the walls Of thu
College Chapel, monument Of stone or marble
in the College grounds, and public building
for College use. The Committee, composed
of such eminent members N Charlie
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

which may DO seen in Le.wo's Atlas Of Geographic
du Moycn Ago." I..s..
But Sir Roderick MurchAon himself appears
as the advocate of Captain SpeSe, and declares
his faith that the Victoria Nyanza, end not the
Little Luta Nzige, is the main source OF the
Nile lie writes to The Times:
'speke places the Luts Nzige now tho Albert on
his man IA a great sheet OF water Of which he had
heard and into which the Nile from the point where
he was obliged to quit it, descended by rapids and then
rcssned little to the north to How TO GondoRoro 30
strongly did he believe, from the description OF tue
natives that such would be found to BIO the case that
he melted bis friend Baker to endeavor to ascertain the
facts
onf,aed The accuracy Of pieps Of Spoke as regards me
Lna Nrst; for the Nile leaving It's first great ana oy
reservoir the Victoria at hight OF 74o 'eet ABOVE
the sea- Is found to descend 1910 feet into the deep
rock basin Of the Luta Nzg6 Albert Nyanga wnich
Ia placed by Baker mt the elevation OF 2o'o teet.
thence the stream flows downward and northward "
GondokorO. from which place to Khartum. wherot Is
Joined by the Blue Abyssinian Nile 1t becomes as 10
now vol known. perfectly navigable stream.
The White Nile, says Sir Roderck, consists
of one continuous system, "the waters OF which
descend in the first instance from higher into
a lower lake, and thence into the main stream"
The Victoria Nyanza of Spoke is the higher
Lakeland of course the principal reservoir
while the Luta Nzige, or Albert, Of
Baker. is tho lower lake, and the
less important discovery. The American
reader will readily understand the system from
tho concluding illustration which Murchison
gves-that "the water system by which these
lakes of the Nile are first connected and then
eed the main stream is analogous to the con-
ncction between the North American lakes and
the issue of their waters into the st. Lawrence
And for tho present, the opinion of Sir Roderick
Murchison will bo likely to be the opinion OF
the scientific world.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
hTCAHT MILL.

We think better of our far-oG English cousins
for the election of John Stuart Mil TO repre-
sent one Of the most intelligent and thrifty
boroughs of the metropolis in their House OF
Commons Consider the facts;
Mr.. Mill has been for nearly all his adult lie
n thinker, investigator and writer on the most
abstruse political and social topics. 1t is not
probable that one in ten of the electors OF
Westminster had ever seen him or read one OF
his books. lie did not reside among them; he
had neither brilliant achievements, nor wealth,
nor high connections, 10 recommend him; and
he refused either 10 canvass for votes or to pay
the usual expenses. He told the people frankly,
- I must stick to my books, and cannot do the
ordinary work of a member in answering The
calls of his constituents. You must take me as
you can have me or let me alone"
But more: Mr.. Mill is the champion Of what
are termed advanced opinions, which ma
iority Of no British constituency is ready to ac-
cept. He is opposed to all State religion. He
iayors an extension of the Right Of Suffrage to
Women. He holds that whoever chooses to at
tend theater or other place OF amusement on
Sunday evening should be at liberty to do so.
There are probably dozen important practical
questions on which his opinions are not ac-
cep,ed by the mass Of his constituents Yet
they said, 1--WE will be represented BY him in
Parliament because he is a man of IDEAS, a true
Liberal, and h& given his life to the advance
ment of political and social reform" And in
this they were eminently right
When shall we be able TO send our leading
thinkers to Congress- Not thl We scout the
notion that q Representative must live in
the district he represents, kick regular
nominations" to Coventry, aud learn how to ap-
preciate and admire able and honest men whose
opinions do not wholly accord with our own.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

q. Loring, ex-Presidont Walker. and Ralph
Waldo Emerson, agree upon the Hall
rs the most desirable in itself, aud as combining
the advantages Of the other two. 1t will afford
more space for statues, portraits, busts' me-
dallions, or tablets than the Chapel, or than
special monument could, and is beside a mon
ulnent in itself. The expense of suitable
building is estimated at $l5O,OCo, large part
of which sum is already subscribed. Mr.. Samuel
Bachelor of Cambridge has given
parcel of land at the corner OF Garden
and Mason-sts. under the shadow OF the
elm where Washington drew his sword
MS General of the army Of the Revolution
Mr.. Charles Sanders OF Cambridge, recently
deceased, left q bequest Of between forty ana
fifty thousand dollars, which may be applied TO
this purpose. About hundred thousand
dollars remain to be raised by the children OF
the college-a trihing sum when their number
and wealth are considered. But the appeal to
their generosity is not yet made, for the Alumni
hesitated to accept the recommendation OF It's
Committee, and referred the whole subject 10
another Committee Of fifty. II we might
be permitted as omicus eurrid to oier
an opinion, it would DO that the
Memorial Hall be adopted-a tribute more
grateful and honorable than meaningless
shaft, or buried tablets in a chapel no one ever
visits save on compulsion. The same question
will come up for discussion at Yale. We do
not believe there is any chance whatever that
either university would get good monument,
but they may reasonably hope for building
that will not disgrace their college grounds.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
To Advertisers.

TNr WEEKLY TRIBUNE has circulation larger than that
Of any other and large proportion It's subcdo
els take no other Journal The space in this sheet allotted to
advertisements is necessarily limited SO that each las the
dyan,se of being easily and all generally read with
IA much interest newsat,e There is-as those who
have tried know-no advertising medium in the country 20
ohesp because there is none profitable to the advertiser
The paper circulate the industrial sud thrifty classes
the farmers Manufacturer Merchants and Ne haic OF the
country-snd carefully read by their wives and daughters
it is sas to say that each advertisement in it is read every
week by not than bali million Of the most intelligent Of
the people lie who makes has business his merchandise OF
his this immense number scattered all
oyst the loys States fail to do SO to bis own manifest
and great advantage.
Advertisements the fnh page 81 so, and the
eighth page 81 line. For this weeks issue shy must be
handed IN to-day
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

The Lima Commerci0 relates singular Incl
dent which occurred in the town OF Piura on
the reception of the news of the death of Mr..
Lincoln. 1t was suggested to the Governor
that some public notice Of the event would be
proper, and he Immediately addressed q note to
the Citrate, requesting that funeral ceremonies
be appointed for the following Saturday. The
Curate called together the clergy, who, after
discussion of the question among
themselves, decided that such Obsequies
would be improper, as Mr.. Lincoln
was a Protestant, but, nevertheless, sent
word to the Governor that there would be
services at the church on the day appointed.
Official invitations were thereapon issued, and
the church prepared for the ceremony. At the
proper time tho services were commenced With
prayers, followed by High Mass. Then
frar assembled the pulpit and proceeded With
what the Commerce. is pleased to call some
"absurd remarks" Among other things, he
said that though Mr.. Lincoln was
great man, he was outside the Catholic
Church - was Protestant, and they
did not know whether he could be
saved. All that they could do was to Offer
their applications to Cod and if the soul Of the
late President was OF its way to salvation he
would hear Of it in Heaven. The Peruvian
journal thinks that this doubt might have been
with more propriety urged. in reply to the re.
quest of tho Governor, as an objection TO hold.
ing any services; but as these were determined
upon, it was hardly worth while to mock the
audience and Religion itself by the performance
of farce
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

from our English files, but these will do for
specimen. The almost invariable occurrence Of
such scenes might suggest a doubt in the breast
of any but an Englishman whether system
productive of these disorders was so entirely
superior to ours as he fondly believes.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
p ouDIycRpAsR OF DIVORCES IN THE CT: -

Tia divorce cases as the records OF tho Voaf's ,s
ss rniJiv incansine here having been twice ~ hu
msro,s for the year ending July IS they were nrs
the prcslous year and five times a. ISy domestic
.,a and en@ender an IRE Salerity and
TINT rarely tend TO augment the harmony a spn-ans
eoupier. just at present the Superior asa - SV'
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

ate business, Government stocks steady for ali gold bear
in kinds. and firmly held Estate bonds and railway mort
CAGES hardly offered aud firmly hold Bank shares are
steady Money is in good supply and pressed upon brokers
at per cent call. The rate ia Sal per cent In com
necial paper change. Exchsnee s quoted hrmeT.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

FIRE IN PrKH-sr.-S Shortly after oeiots - ;ss =
evening while Mrs Fraucs u. Burnett OF NO % =.
A. va, az ork in the attic Of her residence ss
dontally set iirs TO bed. and before tt was 81
the rnaer part OF che building was badly ua " -
Jnss On furniture by 6ro and water. about sSv"' :"
Insura noe Loss on baildirg 6l.ONe
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26

The city of Springfield, Mass, has q rev
musi.si hail cspable Of seating LlOo persona.
S.rSsomsl, snisSed in the style Of thester and nv
nahuc ara indebted to the enterprise q Ms 2tr
Esynss for this supply Of thsas pseds
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-07-26
Tho 'prihuue in Landau


STEVENS BROTHERS. american Ageuis for Lbrsh0.
Henreast GARDEN W Agents for the sale 81
ThE TRIBUNE. They will also receive srs's,rri0s' and
AsssHrsSssSIs.
The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1865-11-18

RFMEDY.
wARRANTEDr

dFFN 4I4E0 "a llaiIUsl1I e7IG4lE
- ESsta Za.l.s