Journal of freedom. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1865-186?, 1865-09-30
NEWS auMMARY

Lancaster, Pa, on the 9th, was devoted to q de-
fence Of the policy of reconstruction" as against
that of restoration" According TO that dis
tinguished leader, the only safety lies'in Govern
ment treating the seceded States as conquered
and alien, and in discarding the theory that they
have never been outeide the Union. They were
Oombated during the war as foreign belligerents
would have becn-they themselves invited the
contest on these terms; we are at liberty to avail
ourselves of the privileges of %victors. On no
other principle of procedure can trial and pun
ishment Of traitors be had, since they would
then be presented before civil courts in the
States which were the scene of their treason
Not otherwise can the trial of Wlrz before a mill
tarv commission be justified. Not otherwise
even the action Of the PRESIDENT imposing con-
ditlOns upon the conventions which are to re-
model the State governments ; for this is recon
s~truction, not restoration, which must be full
and impartial. This position fortified, Mr..
Stevens advances to another t'The property of
the rebels shall pay our national debt, and in
demnifY freedmen and loyal sufferers" To eff
feet this he would cOnfscatc the real estate Of
$1,000 rebels, who own above 200 acres each,
together with the lands of their several States.
Realizing thus, from a small fraction of the popu-
lation, 1874 900. 900 acres out of the aggregate
Of 465 900, 600, he would divide this territory
into convenient farms, giving (say) 40 acres to
every adult male freedman, or 40, 600, 600 in all.
The residue, 354, 900 900, he would likewise
divide, and sell to the highest bidder. An
average of $40 per acre would net So, $40 .OOO,-
900. The odds should go toward the payment
of pensions and the indemni6cation of loyal men
North and South; the billions, toward liquida-
ting the national. debt. Probably we shall hear
moro of this project in the House next Deem
Der.
AN extract from o business letter dated at
Augusta, Ca, Aug. 14th. 1865, has been pub
lished, in which the following statements ap-
pear r.
"a Government sale of horses and mt ss
brought large numbers tc the city to-day. It is
estimated that not less, than 10, 900 persons at
tended the sale, two. thirds of whom were freSd
men. The stock brought enormous prices, one
team, six mule, selling for 81 ,265-much hi h
or than previous to the war. Freedmen bid
freely end bought largely: There were numer-
Gus conflicts between the two races, but | hear
Ofn serious injuries. The former slave begins
to assert himself 10 some CT ses too much y.
II, after q short half year o fignorant freedom,
the former slave begins to assert himself in
some cases too much" what may be expected of
him when he has received a decent education 7
OF course he won't work at least thousands of
Southerners say so-but some how, or another
nc uOCS III IL SC10 u"uoyS W "A - VI
which he stands in the way OF many.
The people of the South may as we'll recognize
the fact now, as after a while, that the freedmen
are honest, industrious and capable of transact
ing business in an able manner.
THr late Republican Convention in Mas achu-
sets, plesented in its choice of Vice Presidents
two wonderful instances of the changes which
have taken place 10 public opinion during the
past five years. Benz F Bntler, a man who
was the head aud front of the Breckenridge p; rty
of the North during the Presidential campaign
of 1860, sat by The side of the Rev. L.. A
Grimes, q colored minister of one of the Boston
churches, both Bling the Office above mention
ed. The man who, but a short time since, would
have predicted such q thing suld have been
booted at as a fool or a fanatic. Truly the world
moves.
THERE being no provision for the education o.
colored people by the State law of Mississippi,
and the colored people of Vicksburg having IN 9
public meeting consented to assess upon them EN-,
selves q fund for the support OF schools In thai
city, Col. Thomas. Asst. Commissioner Of
Freedmea's affairs of that State, has issued az
order appointing O school committee for the pur'
pose of collecting and properly disbursing the
funds thus raised. Col. Thomas concludes MI
order bv saving the movement is highly credita'
bic to the eolored citizens of Vicksburg, and
properly and cordially carried out, will be very
useful.
The F~reedmen's Employment Agency ha
been officially instructed that in disbursing sup
plies to freedmen in the District of Columbia,
discrimination be particularly made between tn
dependent and those who are.natlves or resi-
dents, in order that the latter may be requlret
to look to the proper municipal authorities 10
aid. This action seems to have become neceS
Sary in consequence of the large number OF col
ored men who think they are entitled to govern
nent supplies.
Ar A POLITICAL meeting, held in Dinwiddi
courthouse, Virginia, last week, the Hon. l.. ID
Chandler, Of Norfolk, q candidate for Congress
made n speech, in which be asserted that he, G
District attorney, has received orders to suspen
all actions for con6scations- He appealed to ia
people to bury old personal prejudices and dI
likes, whether in the State or nation, and uni
40 one man to the support Of the governme'
aud the building up of the State.
SIMULTANEOUSLY with the effort in Connectic1
TO get rid of color-distinctions altogether, I'll
people of Newport. in the adjoining State; ma
at last overcome their prejudlces ana tnr0"
open their schools to white and black cnnor'
iEspartiaLly.
Gen. G1ILMoRs and Gov. Perry have ju
arranged that the civil courts OF South Carolh
shall Be restored, to their former jurisdiction 9
espt in cases which Involve the people OF COLO
which will be tried in courts of the provost ma
shals.
BY.AN order issued from the War Depal
nent, Brsvet Major General Absalom BAIRD .
" " IL. ~