The weekly sun. (New York [N.Y.]) 1851-1869, 1865-02-04

!
sciennhc msn. who embarked in ID. oil u.d. car.
r'c'i on, ,hsr theories N urs resc-,. sru ~.
always successful The larrrr clAa, who s,-.,i -
| thu OH Dorses, however, had 10 iAI,a m e,o,o-v
and accordingly "norei" al random Tn. .p.,.
s'itous class, sho are generally Toe uA,o-t.y '. ~,
loo sod shl rry upoa the tnrseuIou. ",I.cb
hsse'N nen. rhoee men probes 70 tsH pr-ol-..y
| whsre de,ost, n v.ser, -J, o. oil may b. found
BY mesur Of . lt',lc seeh. in his manner They
cut triangular t-ir Of hssri, hoh two Of ".
pronss ushhy IN the hsnds ami In this manner
"alk slowly abuut IN Tie vctuisy % wtsre n rs de-
sired to sink ths we'll whs, ,hey eou,o d,rsct,v
over The props SPA for bo~ing the witch hszol''
turns In 'h1ir hsndA despite thesr poru to hid
IT, and ,he third prong Iu,n. downward ".
ward he -ps FOR boring Tho old ,ettlor, NJ III.
country sln'ost nvsrsbly employed witch hAzol''
men tn dosasnne eooi localities fcr digging water
wells hss woultnt n dry" Il ruay he ".
marked, however, hsi ~ all sigus are said 10 fell n
dry weather, the prophecies Of the " witch hanl"
mon iail wheu they don't hnd ol The more
| Ncnshe manner OF choosing localities Tor oil well.
" to bore whore the geological formation ishto tina,
where good wells have boen found. A. bssi. ant.
ing oil wells 10 slo','ry NJ man stands ono chance
IN twenty n drawing prize. he 10 lucky
now OIL vriLs ARs bo7,n
The rrocess Of boring an oil vel 10 v.rv simple.
derrick. consisting Of tou- upright timber, pise.
ed Ten or twelve foot apart and Astonci together
by -ro'S pieces = erc,ted d.ro,tly over the spot
seeo,of hr boring Tbs derrick 10 usually rom
forty " aS1y teat high. spd is m,do veVy usbls in
order To support the boriug machinery. 4 ..sorn
engine 81 Elk or oisht horsO POWER ia now used for
the work Of drilling, although many ws.lq or not
very great depth have bcen bored by
hand. An iron pir~. Abou, 81 inches
ia dismster. is fra driven down "
the hrs stratum o; roct. whyrc Ms /, found
Al = considerable distance ron the su lace. the
pipe is insnrtod in sections that s rcoe Is nrs
rdrvon down ueu another section Is fastened urn.
| ~ 10 u 1t the Tor; tbs Ia IN tul DIR ven Down,
500 so on un,!l the rock Is reschci. Ia, DIN is
| nsn introduced INTO this tubs. relch,ly down W
thc rocs-lho iron nj slsn~nl.ng &, heuy icnsrh-
| e 81 BY tAc fastening of ndlii onsl pieces ~ tie
top Hs tho DIN works its wsv through the rock
The drl - about two ard hsf nctes in ,.itrn,.
ter ami Is worked mp and down ty means N THO
cngre above. The progress OF dr ling IA u cours-
SOW and depends upon the harincss Of the s'rs.
tum An average days work n drlnrg IL from,
10 accomplished. TIE first stratum through VI ich
the drill pascs Is slate or snsp-stoue. thcn come.
stratum Of sind stone witch IL usually not more
| than ton or twelve oct N thickness next is An.
other layer O. ss,c Of blush srpearasce, abou,
twenty feet In thickness Aaar which tho
second stratum Of sud stone ia reached
When this il sccomp'ishod-,hc dcp.h reach.
ell ranging hum t"o hUnd4od " TX
sundred' and N some instances lhousard fect-
tfc OIL is Nru'k, PROVIDED the borr- Is lucky.
! new proces OF Gr.ing Ia, Lately been inv,npI,
however whish bids fair n greatly facilitate The
SINKING u oil wells Il IL this: The drill I. a
slender tube, the end Of which is set with spcc'cs
| of diamond. This dr.l is counectei with rnachir.
! cry at the surface, BY means Of v-ich Il r~vr'vcr
with great veocity, cutting out tn rock in o 70.
which is removed IN piocos h. clamps let down in
| thu hole ny this method well Of Ave hundred
| feet in depth may IN bored n two weeks which
| by the o'd process would require two rnositS
As soon as the drll passes through the last strs-
tum' ami reaehes the reservoir below, there CONS
rnshin up " the surfsre combus'lhle gas. TO-
lowed BY mixture Of salt water .nd petroleum
Ito oil u invariably accompanied by the salt
water and they Src separated IS viii bc hereafter
! explained his II the realization # Urea. eS.
pectations" the finding Of tie VI Dorado, the acme
! Of petroleum ambition, FOR evsry srurt from The
| well ''a greeubacE. n the borcr bss been lucky
: o'ish 10 strike . hoviny vel, he has nothing
nov 10 n but N stand still aud hiIns,l, grow
'abulousy rich that - he hiss only to sec,.rc the
OIL and send It to market Blt flowing vol. ,r-
a Srcnt rarity, ard the most .sng,Iiue disciple Of
Pe'ro'i,, does not expect such boundlef, GOOD for
! 0Dy NJ nd
The 'irfsct, therefore is, er:ephns in flowing wells,
n very short duration, aud the DeSt work 10 b
done Is the preparation for pumping The bore
Of ne well il next enlarged by what I, praod
trimmer, " and an iron tube, fastened together IN
sections Of tol or lively, feet, is luu down to
the oil deposit. AJAX seed hsr, which
! expands when wet IL fixed at a cer.n distance
from the surface within NE tube IN ord.r to pre-
vent the Wr.ase-7a,er troa rushing down. A
P'unser or y.lvsd piston IA next inserted 10 the
tune and Tbs hcing sttsehed W Ire engine, he
work of ml'ns commences.
rHs rpo,Ts or puNrr>a oil.
ine old method q pumnug oil ia on The sam.
general principle of ordnsry w1ter pumping, and
req no explanation but Yankee ug,nmty
has lately Invented new process. which VII prob.
ally soon he generally adopted. Two u,bes arc
'rscrted in the well and hy powerful force.
pump the air Ia forced down or. nj thorn and m.
OIL n consequence Of the pressure of tn. mir, h.
forcde ap 'be other 'uhc IN \ stead ' stream. Tn.
N'w' by this method II much more steady ard Of
greater volume thsN by the pumping prosea.. and
It has beeu successfully spphed 10 nanv yslls ,h.,
h-l failed - yied al IN DE old mnnnor. Tn.
petroleum, /. before remarked Is ,nvar ABLY .c.
4 o.