Daily union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1865-1866, 1865-12-27
NO. 10.

CONCLUDlNG REMARKS.
In addition to the information derived
through correspondence with Assistant Com
missioners, l have the reports of inspectors
and also the criticisms of military officers
referred to me from other bureaux.
In accordance with Special Orders. No.
sol, from the President, requiring personal
inspection and correction of abuses in the
Southern States, / visited Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida,
Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi and Ten
nessee, and then returned, reaching Wash
ington Nov. Is. have sent special inspec-
tors Col. C. III. Howard and Lieut. Col.
Strong leach being Brigadier General by
breyet,) to visit those localities that could
not reach in person from wantof time before
the meeting of Congress. The reports of
these inspections would be too extended to be
! embodied in this. | will simply add the
general conclusions to which have come.
/. That free labor, notwithstanding the
sudden emancipation, and the thousands of
disturbance incident to the war, will prove
successful but in order TO hasten this result,
every effort must be made by officers OF the
government and all others concerned 10
secure confidence between the holders Of
property and the freedmen. and to restore
that confidence wherever it has been IN
paired. On the part Of the freedmen, ther
are looking for justice ard privileges with
perhaps too exalted notions yet their ooafi-
dence cannot be obtained without 4 reason
able extension to them Of tie riCi,s srd
privileges of freeTsen. On tie part O. the
propertyhol9e-s, great &C 4lPlaiEt Is made 81
want OF security OF labor, re majority seek
ing some co-:,PulsGry process; thSs Is. some
substitute for slavery. iEere sc SO many
examples of complete success Of free Labor
that bring them as ain answer to such COM
plants and believe thGt the causes os ccH:-
plant are DE as much to d. pTe,ud;Ce Of
the employer, and want &C practical kEor--
ledge of asy other system than me enc Under
which ne hes been brCcott NJ. a. t. the
ignorance and srs .licion Of the ;asas1r.
] therefore earnestly advocate equality
before the law, tsJsti?~ TO tine an3 educa-
ton to overcome prejudice and ignorance.
ii. That this bureau or some s~hss trte
for it, Of g national cii.cRcSer, VIII have TO
be continued for the following reasons:
i. 1t will require a. least year from
January, 1895, to .rirg 70 c close tNe I'D
division, whGscyer DEPOSITION IS r.aGe OF the
lands. The faith C - Government Lzriav
been pledged g 20 leases aGl C-rcc.s for
the coming ycar, 1t woUl3 Dc u-wise 20 COM
nit them 70 So State agc2cicl.
{. The Cover reDt hos set the slaves fIec
and Sound i.sc,f to mae that freedom an
mGis9asod Elct. Some guarCa.c-, bcvcEi
sny existing c1dircnce n cnv State VISITED.
IS c-soIiial 70 sc~-.-a ire 9orL1i s-d cCCtinu,
Gus .,-vs6St;ci E life apo property to lie
f~caN,laen. TJ-c~- lcvis.5'ioH Is cor-' aimed.
as it ncyr l. in the Se-tGe~n States. fer the
= ct "a, f'2-n severed causes. tEe-e is
danger Of tie G.atu.e Icy Oe.-g in advance
CT E-lblic s--ti-'ep5 SC that where there is lie
llOss Ehcrrlity, II consequences World be
H'v!y ID resrll. i government protection
sLo, ! = IN coiatc,y withCra-vn.
Wh1re re bureau lais 70 cgord Ills pro-
lection, It 3 -et -aeais Of eypo-'ng to .he
govern. ut, and e ;.e Dlbiic, acts OF In
ju-tiee Irri olr-ssT;o-, ana in this way !.
affords = oral chs, ;;,,air-t their cciLElis-
sion.
8 : want OF r-Gtr~t con6d,rc between
the white cm7iayo-1 and .l,e ColCre3 en-
, p!0y2es actually e<;;l.tts % n lcrge extent
-hie can usually Ge traced TO circumstance
connected witA The var, aUd !. 8 increased
10y the pecrlliar preiUjice5 and education o
all..ocIsors Under the slavery sygterc.
The bureau officers 2rtgal!y 30 restore thu
confidence, as q general rule, when .llri!
met.
With sce=0aiy any exceptions, ihe freed
me7 expressed TIC utmost confidence IN n
! ar-Ets, end ere Only a'se.a,ed where age q
prove therlselye- untrue to their l.erests.
Wherever the T,ar,e-s have tsEea adyaC
tase Of the sd a3o-7ed b. The b~recr, th'
best resu-ls have followed. This WORK vii
require time fOr is complexion.
, 4. Education is absolutely essential :,
the frcs, linen to fl taCm fer tnc:r new dutic
and res2onsib.l:..1s. frd m sEy enligi,ten
+ ed ard iea--ed Ilen in every State advcca
ting the necessity and wisdom Of establish
ing a syg.em Of elrcatiol; yet believe tn
majority ofthe white people to be utterly op
posed to educating the negroes. The opSoll
ton is so great that tie teachers, though the
NAV be the r-,re.t Of Christian people, an
nevertheless vig..ed riD!icly and prlya.ei
With undiss led marks o. o. nm. rms c.
reau fearleSsly sdPerintends ard ic.ters tres
schools, which, i Is belic-ed, VIII IN TIM
| by their cGcces3 and good ilEuonce, brll
| over all fair Eed, at least, to Their sllppOi''
/, 5. Every colored man net, Of aisv coz
, siderable Intelligence, plead carnest.y To- -
continuance Of the bureau, as his ocly hop
Of justice and privilege correspondent to ID
necessities Of his new position. Therefore
should fear an almost universal GIstuTbanC
r among the freedmen as a Consequence Of il
: removal, till society had become more SC
: tied and State action more liberal than 0
present.
e 6. The absolutely INDECENT, as orphan
1 sick, aged and infirm persons, now aided b
: the bureau, have no present prospect of loc'
e aid
: 7. The large accumulation Of freedme
n from the different States in certain lOCalitie
4 II 4 Il IN WI
It require United States Agency TO separst
the freedmen and find them homes or plac'
C / Of labor. ....
1. 8. The poor white refugees, disturbed an
:, impoverished by the operations Of war, Al
vet in some States, in extreme need. A III
eral construction of the term refugees wi
Is enable the government TO relieve the pres
Al ing want sure to exist in Georgia and All
l. bama during the coming Winter.
re 0. The bureau, with its agencies, affords
Is means of constant and reliable iniormat'
lie essential To Congressional and Executive n
sc ton, till the hostility against the COVER
e, ment shall have more completely subside
ne till free labor shall become more paiatabI
to and till the rights Of negroes to iull protC
n ton by the laws becomes more generally
IN lieved in than now appears.
G. 10. The bureau, in conjunction with d
II, military force, is at present a means OF {
n couraging immigration to the different Sout
ern States. Union men Of the South, al
IN Northern men now residing there, have E
en- pressed their utmost fear lest the War L
OF partment should withdraw its agencies, ;
T. sorting that the state Of society Is such tn
so they could not remain in the South wi
be safety. Quite number have urged me wi
It. all their might to do what 1 could TO Preye
such withdrawal.
IS This fear is doubtless much exaggerate
at and probably based on the unusually lar
be criminal list, yet it does exist. Every X
l sible material interest now fayors such Al
gu migration.
Ill That the present organization OF q
Bureau, with the understanding that il i3 n
to be permanent, is az good az any / oou
suggest, except rs TO the subject Of FIRES
mems Court, and the employment Of Ci'
L. agencies. Many Of the sub-agents Who q
bo absolutely essential at present 70 aid in :,
bv ulating labor and perform such other duti
=, as are devoIved upon them, could be soie'
he ed from the county or district requiring "a
an officer, from the citizens, receiving conpe
he sation from fees, provided there were !.
4 for this action. Should this coGrse be dee
a. ed inexpedient and not be authorized by Ia
the Bureau may have sufficiently large &
n. preparations 10 admit Of employing ca
ho | agents.
~ \ TF.Lo Xroto-,,, pase-,-a Coyr,y ba -elain,