The daily clarion. [volume] (Meridian, Miss.) 1863-1866, 1865-11-09
When the harvest time comes he

twelve and a. half cents per bushel.
10" Is with the Southern farmer
lie drags bis tired and aching muscles
amer pillow, under burning sun, and
cuItlVates fifteen acres instead of sixfy.-
win our present disorganizcd labor it
Will be difficult to get ten cultivated
Fiace the same hand on the machine
ana he will more easily till fifty acres.
0nt 1t will be objected that we cannot
gather the crops when made, as one can
only pick from six to ten bales in the
season. Weare of the opinion that it
would be better to secure fifty bales with
one hand, and then give half of it to get
the other half picked, than to have the un-
certainty of ten hands the entire wear
| 10 produce the same result There can
hardly be question, however, that two
or three dollars a day will tempt a SUI
hclency of labor to gather all the cotton
that can be raised for years to come
should any of our readers know of any
machine process, or information on apy
matters treated in this column, we shall
be most happy to communicate it to the
public. We have firm faith in the rapid
restoration of prosperity to the South,
and we caution those who are about to
sacrifice their plantations to do no such
thing. Do the best you can this year.
aud within twelve months you can get
| double the rates now offered
| MUsCALAR LABoR.-An English stage
| horse used to work eight miles per day.
which he ran in about one hour-the
average speed, stops included, being seven
and half miles per hour A wagon
morse travels twenty miles per day, and
works eight hours. These rates were
found by experience to be The most eco
nomical. An engineer, few years ago.
| tried the effect oil increasing the work OF
horses to about 40, 900 to $4,000 lbs. lifted
| l foot per minute the result was that in
less than three months out of 80 hon SEES
81 died. Watt, finding that the best
horses, working hours per day, could
lift 81, 900 lbs. foot per minute, adopted
that as the horse power; but the general
practice is to work hours and lift 22,-
900 lbs, foot per minute; and this is all
that ordinary horses can do without wear
ing out so fast as to make an increase OF
work more costly than this rate.
The rate at which men can work has
not been so carefully ascertained but
we have had sensational reports that, in
Cuba, saves and coolies have been worn
out in seven years. 1t would be service
to science and humanity if the medical
officers of armies and navies would keep
careful records OF the labors of men under
| tbair charUa and rpnopt n tho
Man Institute; and If railway companies
and great industrial establishments would
employ physicians to watch over the health
of their people, and attend them gratis,
and employ their leisure in keeping such
records, 1t might help to build up a reIia-
BILE hygn mic science, on which an improv-
ed practice might be founded.
Tue introduction of machines TO relieve
men from the expenditure of muscular
power has already done much to increase
The duration of their powers. A man at
a planning machine is man at leisure
compared with the man who Clipped and
filed TO produce plane surfaces, within
foroy years or less. The small steam
hammers now coming into use give i'm
mense relief TO the muscles OF forge men:
and there is a rapid Increase OF machines
10 substitute the power OF steam for thai
OF muscles.
| The fatigue and exhaustion of power,
and the wear that tends to shorten life,
are now very much less than they were
when we fest saw machine shops. Then
thu men had to work like horses; now
thew do little more than superintend
the machine tools Then they were
worn q. ore in two hours than they are
now in ten hours, upon the main opera
tons of finishing.
Thus there is a constant diminution OF
: hard labor. But still we have much
more to do in this way. Men at the vice
have often hard work with the chisel and
file, which ought to be done by shaping
s tools, and probably will be. Forge men
l still work hard. In fact, some men in a
machine establishment really do more
than three or four times as much hard
= work as others. A man at a lathe OIL
" olaper, on light work, can endure IA
V hours work per day with less effect On
= his constitution than hours at a. forge
would have.
y There is no coed reason why men
J. should not use seats more than they do
= when attending machine tools. Pro
prietors would do we'll to provide good
seals, 10 be used freely when there Is nc
necessity TO stand.
S A horse that is run too fast, or two
), much loaded, Is soon worn out, and dies
a three years is the average in stage SER
vice; but one that is moderately worked
will last ten years; 50, it a man works
e with all his energy many hours per day
O he will soon wear out. Laooring men IN
o England, according to statistics, do moi
: attain nearly TO the age of professional
. men, and men of leisure. But if toe
o much work shortens lite, too little OF
II insufficient exercise is generally supposed
, to lave the like effect. What we do not
> vet know is the approximate amount o
{ labor which is the best for health and
IS longevity Perhaps it might be si0
= hours for the man who does very hare
= work, and twelve for one who does Ugh
work.
F." But one thing is certain machines tina
e work twenty hours will earn neari.
e twice as much as those that work tel
a hours And If we get plenty of machine
they will lessen our hard work. In facl
. il is by invention that we shall lesser
our labor.