The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-12-20

of Virginia being accessible Washington city, and
information from this quarter therefore being readily
obtained, fastened through the State without con-
versing meeting with any Of It's citizens. In Raleigh
c., spent one day; in Charleston, s. c., tw) days,
and in Savannah and Augusta, Ga, each one day Both
in travelling and while stopping ] saw much and on
versed freely with the citizens Of those States well
as with officers Of the army who have been stationed
among them.
The following the conclusions come TO by mel
satisfied that the Of thinking OF the sonth
accept the present situation OF affairs in good faith The
questions which have hitherto divided the sentiments OF
the people Of the two sectonsslavery and state rights
the right Of State secede from the Unon-hey
gard having been settled forever by the highest tr
bunal-arms-that man resort TO. was pleased to
learn from the leading whom met that they not
only accepted the decision arrived ut as final but now the
smoke Of battle has cleared away and time has been
given for reflection, that tins decision has been for
tunate for the whole country, they receiving the
like benefits with those who opposed them in the
field and in tho council Four years Of war, during
which law executed only the point OF the bayone
throughout the states in rebellion have left the people
pos sbIy IN condton not TO yield that ready
obedience 70 civil authority the American people
have generally been in the habit Of Welding.
This would render the presence OF small garrsons
throughout those States necessary until such time
labor rctnrns TO It's proper channel and civil authority
fully established did not meet any either those
holding places under the government or citizens Of the
southern States who thought il practicable to Withdraw
the military from the South at present The white and
the black mutually require the protection OF the general
government There is such universal acquescence IN
the authority OF the general government throughout the
portions of the country visited by that the
presence of military force, without regard TO numbers,
s sufficient to maintain order The good OF the country
requires that force kept in the interior where there
many freedmen elsewhere in the Southern States
than ut forts upon the coast no force is necessarily
should all be white troops The reasons Tor this
obvious. without mentioning many OF them. The pre-
Of black troops, lately slaves demoalizes labor
both by their advice, and furnishing in their camps
sort for the ireedmenfor long distances around White
troops generally excite no opposition, and therefore
small number OF them maintain order in a given
district Colored troops must be kept in bodies sufficient
to defend themselves. II Is not the thinking who
would do violence towards any class OF troops among
them by the general government but the ignorant in
some places might; and the late slave, too who might
be mhncd with the idea that the property of his late
master should by right belong to him. at least should
have no protection from the coored soldier There is
danger Of collision being brought on by such causes
NY observations lead me TO the conclusion that the
Of the Southern States anxious TO self
government within the Union possible that
while demonstrating they want and require protection
from the government; that, they think, IL required by
the government and not humiliating to them ct
zens; and that il such pointed they
would pursue In good faith II is 10 be regretted that
there cannot be greater commlnPng at this time be.
tween the citizens of the sections and particularly
| Of those entrusted with the lawmakng power.
did not give the operations OF the lreedmens Bureau
thai attention would have done more time had been
AT my disposal Conversations, however, The subject
with officers connected with the Bureau led to think
that of the States affairs have not been con
Quoted with good Judgment economy, and that the
belief widely spread among the freedmen or the Southern
states thai the lands Of their former will nj least
| in part, be divided among them, has from the
agents Of this Bureau This belief is seriously interfering
with the Willingness OF the freedmen make contracts
| for the coming year In form the Freedmen s
Bureau Is absolute necessity until civil law estab-
lished and enforced securing 10 the freedmen their
pendent Of the military establishment the country aud
seems 70 be operated by the different agents Of the
Bureau according TO Their indiyidual MOTIONS Every,
made friends by the just and fair instructions and nd
vice he sc BIT the COMPLIANT IN South Carolina wa'
haps tho majority, Of the agents Of the Freedmen
Bureau advise the freedmen that by heir industry
they expect live 10 this end they endeayer IA
secure empo, for HEM and that hoiI con
| tracing parties comply with their engagements In
/ some casce ! nm sorry 10 saw the freedman mind
] does seem TO be disahuscd Of tho idea thai
| the freedman has the right 10 live without or
provision for the future The effect Of the belief the
division Of lands II ideness ana accommodation in camps,
towns and citics ~ such eases think 10 will he found
that vice and dscahc will tend to the exierninalion
grca, destruction Of the coloed IL he
pcciod thai inc opinions held by men at tue sonh Tor
years can be changed IN a day. And therefore, the
freedmen require for q lew years not only laws 10
| protect them, bil the Fostering care o. those who
| will give them good council and whom they
cen reN The Freedmen Burcau being separated IRON
The military establishment 81 the country requires all
! the expn ~ a separate organization One ducs no,
necessarily know What the other doing what order
they arr acting under Ii seems 10 me this cou be cor.
cted by regarding every officer duty with troops In
the Southern states n arentSof the Freedmen Bureau,
and thrn have all from tue head or the Bureau
4
create responsibility that would uniformity OF
action throughout ia. south, would the urdA,g
aud instructions from the head tie Bureau being rsf-
red ont, and would relieve from duty and pay q large
| number ~ employees of the government.
have The honor TO he, very respectfully, your obe.
dent servant, l. ;. GRANT, Lieutenant General.
cnLv cAm scsnKg's grrorr
Nj. SUMNER, lrepl OF Mass wish 10 make one re-
mark with reference 10 the business before the Senate
| wish 10 know whether the reIon of Major Genera
Carl scinz annexed 10 the Messag ~ the President
Mr. FcsrsK TN the shar,-rhe Chair understands that
| it's
| NJ. SrasEG--Then ihink il had better he read
! SIvgEtL SEyAroR--It is TOO long
Mr.. srasgR-At any rate We can begin H. IL lisa very
| important document. The Senate viii remember that
the report made out the condition of affairs
in Kansas every word was read at that desk Now the
| question involved u much more important We have q
message from the President, which u like tho white
washing message ~ frsnkLn Pierce, with regard the
atrocities in Kansas think the Senate had better lis
ten the report oi General Scnurz this I'M ortan
| subject
Mr.. Jon,soS (dcm.l Of Nd, said he surprised "a
hear The senator from Massachusetts character the
Message attempt to whitewash. There was nc
hing nbout IL. II fair AID clear
Of facts called for by The Senate He thought the re-
port OF General schurz had better be printed together
| with the other documents.
The reading Of Gcneral schurzs report was com.
| men,ed. hut the Clerk bad not proceeded far when
Nj SsrHsAs, lrep) OF ONO. moved thai the ftrlhe,
reading no dispensed with, and thai the report b.
| printed
from ONO thinks that IL s proper should this i'm
porian occasion dispense with The reading think The
than that accurate and authentic report regarding tn,
actual condition OF things IN these States Here
eminent citizen. lately MAJOR general In the army III
The nited States sent special mission by the Pres
dent visit these States 1Dd report upon Their cond
won He has made his fsis, not hasty, like General
| Grant, for instance, or some other officers cIfi
| zens, but visit occupying time and extending
through the different States and he has recorded the
| suit In elaborate document Now SIR IL the ques
ton a trivial one u were q trsnsitory question
| would thnk with the Senator form Ohio that IL had
better not be read u the Senator insists upon his mo
! ton, shall not object
Mr. SHERMAN bas<nc doubt that the report OF General
| Schurz elaborate. able and interesting He woult
much prefer 10 read IT, however than hear read wher,
there confusion and noise In the Senate chamber
He would say Also that II was unusual 10 read such
| documents. No document usually read 10 IN,
senate except the message OF the President Of he Unes
Even the report Of the Secretary Of the Treasury
full OF Information Of paramount importance 10 the coun
try giving views affecting the great financial Interests
OF the country not read but ordered he printed
If the practice Of reading all documents Gent To th
Senate to prevail, there would he no time for bust
| ness
~.