davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17

OOIU nOH7, UTIOl JNnUlTy TOi I6bJ.
II hereby certified, that the ioreg lingi4 acorrert
copy o the SbRtcmpnt OF Condition tue -ErNA IN.
SURANGE COMPANY, Of Hartford mads to and filed
in this Office, for the year 1865.
Witness my hand and seal officially.
JAMES IL. GOODMAN,
lsEGL.l TstAMP Auditor Of Slate
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
STATE OF CONNECTICUT, } -
ttnunty of HuVlrnV1 N7s

THOMAS A, ALEXANDER, Presi lent, and LII
Gus J. HENDEE Secretary OF the ErNA IN5lIR-
ANOE COMPANY, ben seyeraliy swotn. dnpose and
say, that the foregoing Is iul, true and correct
statement OF the affairs Cf said Conpiny that tie
said insurance Company Is houa ii1e owner ol at
least ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS Iof
actual Cash Capital invested in stocks and Bonds
that the above deserib d Investments nor any part
thereof, are made for the benefit OF any individual eN
orcisng authority IN the management OF said Com
pany, either ~ President, Secretary, Treasurer Di-
rector, otherwise and th they are the above de-
scTbe1 officers OF said lnsurance Company.
THOMAS A. ALEXANDER, President. q
LUGGUs J. HgSDEg Secretary. |t
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
Notice Extraordinary.

FNHE undersigned informs the ladies' and gentle
men Of ths vicinity that he is ready 10 manufac.
ture 90 order, gs, and furnish eurs and whlskers
To all who may OeBlre thom. Hair dressed in The
most artistic style. He also gives lessons TO any VINO
wish TO learn the business. his styles are he very
latest Paris fashions. ROBERT RElF,
MRS. KARG,
foganm No. lGi Main street, corner Of sixth.
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
MRS. o. DRSlLVA,
ClairYOyaRt, and Electric Ply
SiCian.

NO. 3Os FIFTH STREET, NEAR JEFFERSON,
DAYTON, OHIO.
MRS. DEsILYA, by her clairvoyant faculty, do
lfI scrbeA character, .s .sls results OF business
operations. She also, by her magnetic powers and
electricity, and her medical knowledge, heals dis.
eases both cent and chronic.
She also keeps on md a supply OF Madame De-
silya's celebrated Pearl Drops for beauhfying the
hair ie7d.im
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
ENGLISH WALKING COATS
DRAWERS ANO UNDERsmIRrs

For less money than any other Clothing House in
Da' ton We beg leave TO remind the public that we
stand IN connection with large Wholesale Olo hing
manufacturing House in Cincinnati, which certainly
enables us to give the above induce ms nts.
We are constantly receiving the latest styles OF
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
LARGR FARM HOR SALH

uIE snhserloer ~ sell his farm on the Lexlngton
norIh q heW Lebanon. The &rm eoaiaips 92RI!
acres OF hrst rate landl4s acres are cleared and ~
lAgh state ~ cultivation The halaneR Is heaViy
umbefed' Tue improvements consist OF brick bouls
And large iank harm for hfthst InflTmstinn rall
on me subscriber ~ miles east Of said farm
-1s-saAN@m DANIEL CARRIER.
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
DENTAL GARD


DIX. ", CONWAY,
XUoULD respectfully inform the citizens OF bay.
w tunthat he will insert whole sets Of teeth up
per and lower, ON Yuloanizad Rubber, In the most
improved and beouti u Htyie the material will admit
Of for uhe sum of $40, using the best material and
warranting his work 4 give due Satisfaction Those
who wish 20 have teeth inserted Rubber would do
well to call at his oiiee No, 339 Third street, where
they can he accommodated with any material or any
style Of teeth they may desire. jal8dAw,n
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17

ENARa FoR SALE o6 RENT Belos. Cepjer,5IJe
ing store, 3Oi Third street tet,ia,s
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
AnvEnTIsINe MATES.


IN WEEKLY.
One Fquere, eighty words, one wee k.........Sl 90
Per square, each week. in ndditon .......... ~
80 Terms Tor adYerust ne nts tcoui yinF teHtci
space for longer period tran above specified ade
known at the Counting Room All Advertisements are
cA ged NJ t ahuye rates, ,unle writen agree meut
made preyiou, TO insertion All "a suRl tt
ments must he paid for In advante.
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
MEMS and YOUTHS CLOTHING,

Which is careiully selected and well made. Call and
examine our stock. OF Clothing ibeiore purchasing
elsewhere, at D W..
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17

subscribed and sworn before me, this day orJn
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
Glotblug.
Clothing Clothing!
THE LARGEST STOCK
Of Cloths
And @ assimeres
IN THE CITY OF DAYTON!

FINKE q LIEGLER,
C7oiling Hall, No. 3O7 Second Street,
Dayton, Ohio, are nor Receiving
Large SappiBo of Spring and
San1mer Goods,
Comprising all the Latest Styles Of Black and Col
ored Cloths; French Fancy and Plain Cassimeres;
Ailk, Satin, Msrseilles, and other New styles OF
Nestngs, for Custom orders, complete line OF
FURNlsHING GOODS, and the Largest and Best
Stock of
Ready Made Clothing
TO he found in any House in the City. FinSe leg.
Ter are Agents Tor
SINGER q CO.'S SEWING MACHINES,
The hest Machine for all practical purposes IN the
family, andOr Shops, inv ented aud introduced in
the country, Money canb male by calling ou
June 7, lBGi-tf FINKE a LEGLER.
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17

Applications received an policies promptly issued
by John II Stoppnm Inn, Agedt ut Dayton, VIM II
Negey, Germanlowni 5amne Duelett, Miamsburg
fall
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
professional CARDS.
C. L. vALLANDIGHAM,

HAS RESUMED THE PRACTIoE OF Law.
UTrioE TOR the presenO at his residence, No. s23
Flrst street, layton, OHIO
OFTtCE nOpHs irOln 1OA. NJ. TO three T. NJ.
DAYTON, q. November l2th, 1864. nou2tt
Dayton daily empire. [volume] (Dayton [Ohio]) 1850-1865, 1865-03-17
Fusurdnrr.
.NTNA INSURANCE. UO.,

On the LIST Day OF january A. ID. 1868,
NTADR to the Auditor of Ohio pursuant 90 the
lNi statute Of that State.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

ALCoCK's POROUS PLAsTEks.

ALCOCK'S POROUS PLASTEkS.
A Druggs, said the other day, you have no need TO
advertise your Porous Plas,ers for every sold
tainly dozen to be sold, and dozen sells a
gross and You will not be able TO supply the de-
mAnd soon. But supply thousand yards day
AFFECTION OF THE SPINE CURED.
Hartford, Conn., Nov. llth, 1851.
MRssRs. THos. ALcooK y Co.-PeAse send, with
dispatch, twelve dozen Alcocks Porous PlAsters Our
daily experience confirms hei very superior excellence.
AT this moment Of writing. applies for one, who,
by ENHANCEMENT in shaft Of machinery. had both his
legs broken, spine seyery injured aud for rssly
year entirely helpless. This man found relief very
soon by the application Of plaster to his spine. He
enabled TO work, and now he labors as well as
He would cheerfully pay S6 for single Plaster
II they could not be had alta lower rate l am sur
pssd that surgeons DO not make use Of these perorat
ed pAstes to the exclusion Of all Others their dexi.
bly aud adhesivene's greatly in advance Of all
other plAsteTs with which aequaintedi while the
peroIatons peculiar to them rendered them greatly
peror all others for ordinary surgical Knowing
the pasters to be useful have scruples that my
sentiments should be known.
J.w. JOHNSON. NJ. D.
Principal Agency Brandreth House, New York.
Sold by all Dealers in Medicines. 1857
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
TRANCE IN THE FAMILY.

The Chaplain Of Massachusetts Regt..
sat at the festive board with the officers and
men, just previous to their departure for the
tented field. The wine cup was passed TO
the Chaplain, who declined saying:
| never take intoxicating drinks
What never take any p responded the
officer.
No never, unless it is ordered by ply
sician.
well, continued the officer, | am not
much in favor Of the habit do not use it
habitually: but on such an occasion as this
indulge little
'Will you allow me to ask you one or two
questionsi' , inquired the Chaplain.
'Oh, yes, as many as you please
Thank you, we'll, then, have you chill
dren?'
YES two noble boys--one twelve and
the other fourteen
Now, then, would you prefer to have
those sons follow your example and take a
little strong drink, or follow mine and take
none
= | would much prefer they would follow
yours, answered the officer, without hesila-
tion.
And he spoke the feelings of every true
/ ltlheE nbhlts W uhltNof huC uaulNt VI u
parent in respect to the use of strong drink,
he does not wish to see his son run the hsz-
ard Of running himself by tampering with in
toxicating drinks Even very incorporate
fathers are known to favor the pledge for
their children. Recently the manager Of the
Band Of Hope informed the writer that an
incorporate father conducted his four chill
dren to the door of the vestry where their
Band of Hope meets. He does not want
them to follow his example. Evidently he
fears that they might be lured into the snares
and pitfalls OF this perncious vice, as he him
self bad been. SO all fathers, who have not
made themselves intensly bestisl by their in
temperate habits, feel upon this subject
They acknowledge that temperance is good
angel in the family--that its blessed influence
is indispensable in the rearing of children
They dread the direful curse ofintemperance,
so woiully illustrated in every community
Sickness, poverty and death, il they be shsr-
ed in sobriety and virtue, are not half so bad.
All this, and more, is seen, felt, realized.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
WHAT Is IT !?

The Indian COMPOUND Of Honey, neset squils
combination Of he esesual oils and Of
20 dfeent kinds Of aud herbs besides those from
which it takes It's prepared by chemical process
that the Medical properties OF each plant retained
IN highly concentrated state while the useless and
wholesome portions reecoed. 1t is peasant TO
the than any other medicine, and be sven TO
any person any time under any circamstancea-and
the smallest child with the most perfect safety
1, viii positively consumption (eaused by eoldsO
in its FIRST and second stages, inflammation Of tn Lungs
Colds and Coughs, whoopng Cough, Bronchitis, Spit
ting Of Blood, Asthma, Group, luhusnEa, Tightness
aeross the Chest. Difficulty Of Breathing Honseness
from public spe king any other ard in fact all
d,seaiss ofthe hroa, lsgs II not too far advaesd
and oih give great rsle aduanoed and incrasie
ses or consumption.
Every person should have it rs II prevents consump
ton Invariably when taken in time, and to your
cough il surely will and many a doctors bills
Doctors in their practice and Families They
ommsnd H. does everybody that Try 1t. You take
Il, your family physician e, him try it, and he does
not recommend it good, it and get your money
agan.
Prepared by Drs COMBS & WILSON, New York
City and Auburn New ork For sale BY all druggists
and dealers in medicine.
Wood, Bixby y Co., Wholesale agents Montpelier
Vermont. Septic dlyiweop75T
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

ANOTHER Book ON THE WAR.-Blelock
& Co., New York City, have in press +" The
Camp Fire and Cotton Field" by Thomas
W. Knox, and will soon issue it to subscrib-
ers. Mr.. Knox was one of the army cor
respondents Of the New York Herald and
as such had the best opportunities to note
events in the field and observe the condition
of people and country wherever he went.
His service was mainly in the West and
South West, and no book yet published
touches that portion of the battlefield SO
fully as does this.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

The Next CoNeREss.-The Chicago Re
publican of Monday publishes a complete list
Of the two houses of the next Congress. In
the Senate twenty-five States are now repre-
sented by 3S Unionists and IL Democrats.
According TO the party division that existed
before the war, the House of Representatives
now stands lao Unionists to Al Democrats I;
but on the great question of at once admitting
the Representatives OF the Southern States or
keeping them or most of them, for a longer
period of probation, it is not probable that
the same proportions will be preserved.
Should all the Southern States now without
representation, whose senators and represen-
tauves are yet TO be elected, choose Demo
Gratis opposed to universal suffrage, as is to
be expected they will do, and, should they
all be admitted, the Senate will then contain
Al Unionists and 81 Democrats ; and the
House of Representatives would contain so
Unionists to 90 Democrats.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

The Morristown and Elmore Fair at Nor
risvlle on the 26th and 9th inst, met with
the success of its previous exhibitions and
much credit is reflected upon the people Of
Morrisville for the acceptable manner in
which the crowd was entertained. 1t is es-
timated that 1000 people were in attendance
on the last day, and concluded in process
sion OF $50 teams coming of the ground. 1t
is now proposed that the society assume a
county organization that its usefulness may
be extended.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

A PIECE OF POLITICAL HIsroRY.-San-
ford Is. Hunt, late Medical Director of Cav
airy Forces Of the Military Division OF the
Gulf, states that Col. Cunningham OF the reb-
ell army admitted to him that he was dele
gate to the National Democratic Convention
at Chicago, from southern Illinois, that he
had with him three hundred picked men up
on whom he could rely, and that he had the
promise Of the assistance OF three thousand
" copperheads in an attempt to release the
ten thousand rebel prisoners then confined in
Camp Douglas. He attributed the defeat OF
this plan to Vallsndigham, whom he calls a
" thorough-going coward. land whose - lack
Of moral courage defeated the whole enter
prise" II everybody had been as plucky as
Alexander Long OF Ohio, he says he should
have succeeded. Tnese statements appear IN
ls''ev f-cm NJ Han, which is published in
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
DR.. MATTISON

Of Providence, X. L. treats exclusively all diseases and
accidents resu ing from imprudenee in both sexes, CIV
ing them his whole attention. DIR. NJ. Is thoroughly
educated physician Of twenty years experience,
bearing the highest testimonials. and undoub dy pos
superior skill in that class Of diseases which he
has devoted much time and stlenhon. Persons at
distance and ladies' especially having any trouble Of
the kind ihould be to for his Book Special
Diseases, giving full information, in sealed enveops
free Enclose stamp for POSTAGE and direct to
DR. MATTIsUN, No. 2S Union street, Providence,
4. SO l0dAw
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

The SOUTHERN EPISCOPAL BisHoPs.-
The New York Express states that letters
received in New York from Bishop Elliott Of
Georgia communicate the information that at
an informal meeting OF Southern Bishops at
Augusta three of their number we're appoint
ed to attend the General Convention at Phil
adelphia, with full power to represent them
on all questions relating to reunion. The
Southern Convention will meet in Mobile in
November. and receive the report OF the three
delegates to the Philadelphia Convention
Doubtless their action will be ratified.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
SCHOOL GIRLS.

by PITT GREEN HALLBoK.
Merrily bounds the morning bark
Along the summer sea
herfily mounts the morning lark
The topmost twig on tree
Merrily smiles the morning rose
The morning sun TO see
And merrily, merfily greets the rose,
The honey sucking bee
But merrief, merrier, far are these,
Who bring on wings Of the morning breeze,
A music sveeter than their own,
happy group Of loves and grates,
Graceful forms and lovely faces,
Al. In gay delight outfown;
Ou'hown from their fohool-room cages,
school-r0om rules, and school room pages,
Lovely In their teens and tfesses,
Summer smiles and summer dresses,
joyous in their dance and song,
With sweet sisterly caresses,
Arm In arm they speed along.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
SEatrbman s. State JournaI.
B.P. WALTON
MONTPELIER. OCTOBER 6, 1866.
COUNTY CONVENTION OF AS
SCISSORS.

The Washington County Convention Of
Assessors, comprising one lister from each
town. under the statute to meet once in Eve
years " to revise and correct all errors that
may be discovered in the appraisal Of real
estate" and to equslize and average the val
ustion Of real estate as basis for state taxes,
held their meeting in Montpelier, on Tuesday
and Wednesday last, and came to following
result
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

d. C. Linsley, Esq. of Burlington is about
to survey road from Cambridge to the top Of
the chin on Mount Mansfield and to be so
constructed that car can be drawn up by
cable having a stationary engine on the
summit. One capitalist has pledged to take
$4,000 Of the stock to complete the enter
prise.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

MONTPELIER SECTION OF LIGHT ARTIL-
LERY.-rhe members Of this section was or
gsnized Thursday, Sept 2Sth, 1865. at Viii
lage Hsll-Charles Reed, Esq, presiding, by
the election Of JOHN B. LANGDoN, JR., as
Lieut..
LIEUT.. LANeDoS has appointed the follow
ing as non.commissioned officers: VIM. l..
Washburn and Peter Lemwin, Sergeants.
Daniel G. Field, Geo. ]. Hubbard, j. Herbert
Prentiss and Alex. Jangraw as Corporsls.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
CHRIsTADORO'S HAIR DYE,
HALLS VEGETABLE SICILIAN
HAIR RESTORER

has proved iise be the perfect preparation for
the hair offered 10 the public.
1t vegetable compound, and contains no injurious
properties whatever.
Ii will restofe gray hulr to Its original color.
II will keep ths hair from falling out.
II clesnses the scalp and makes lhe hair son. usIous
and silken
Il Is splendid hair dressing.
Go person d or young should tail to'use II.
II is recommended and used by the first medical Aus
thouJ.
and take no other.
R. p HALL & co.
NAshuA, N. H.. ProprietoTs.
Enr anle hr all drnppista 10 05.dAw
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
IMPORTANT TO FEMALES.

The celebrated Dr. Dow continues devote his entire
the Of all diseases incident the fe
male system. An experience Of twenty three years
blss him T. guarantee speedy and permanent relief in
the Of Suppression and All other Menstrual
Derangsmsns from whatever All letters for Ad-
vice must contain 81. Office, No. Endeou street,
Boston.
n. B.-Board furnished to those who wish to remain
under eRtment
Boston June p 1865. So IA
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
d. CONFIDENTIAL.

YOUNG MEN WHO HAVE INJURED
themselves BY certain secret habits, which unfit them
for business pleasure The duties Of married life
also middle aged and old men, Who from the folies Of
youth, other causes feel debility In advance Of their
years before placing themselves under the treatment OF
any should first read THE SECRET FRIEND"
Married Ladies' wishing to avoid increase Of Family
will learn some thing of Importance by pursuing The
Secret Friend.
Sent to any address, in sealed Envelope. reoeip,
d Twenty-Five Cents Address
DIR. CHAS. A. STUART CO,
6li2 Boston Mass.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06

PERsoSAL.-We are happy to learn that
Rev. VIM. H. Lord has declined the call of
the Plymouth Church, Milwaukee, to become
their pastor, and for the present. at least, will
remain in Montpelier.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06


In long letter published with the heading
" The Rebellion; where the guilt lies," the
subject is further considered, and the answers
Of Mr.. Holt foi himself, and Of Messrs. Sew
ard and Stanton BY Weed and Gen. Meigs,
to his Ciarksville speech, is revie ewed by Hon.
Montgomery Blair. In the course of this
letter he mentions the following circumstan-
ces:
Let me observe here it was the fall OF
Sumter that produced on the instant the or
dinance Of secession, and filed II with troops
from the Gulf States to carry it before the
people. It's effect upon ordinary men may be
conceived by the influence 1t exerted over
General Lee. My father was authorized by
the President and Mr.. Cameron, Secretary Of
War, to converse with General Lee aud as
certain whether he would accept Of the com
mand Of our army in the field. The letter
was written, and he met my father at my
home. where they conversed for an hour or
more. 1t was few days before the ordinance
was passed Gen. ee concluded the con-
versation by saying that secession was ansr-
ehy, and added that II he owned the four
millions OF slaves at the South he would
cheerfully sacrifice them TO the Union, but be
did not know how he could draw his sword
On MS nhtlNe othtc.
He said be would see Gen. Scott on the
subject before he decided. A committee from
the Virginia Convention, while the General
and my father conversed, were hunting for
him through the city. They met him on his
leaving the house. He reprired with them
to consult with the Convention, as l have
since learned. about some mode Of settlement
The fall OF Sumter settled the question for
him and the convention"
Intelligence Is said to have been received
in Washington from reliable private sources
in Mexico. that JuaEezs influence in Mexico
is OF no consequence Whatever. Tha only
spot which he can claim to be master Of 10
III Psso. The mercantile community il rep
resented as almost unanimously in favor Of
the new order Of things, owing to the increase
ed security and stability which Il gives to
trade The position OF President johnson
on Mexican affairs is said to be one Of " mas
ierly inactivity" and il il is fosnd that the
majority OF the people arc really on tho side
of the empire. an ambassador from thence
will be received as readily "a from france or
any other country with which We are at
peace.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1865-10-06
GATHERING AND KEEPING APPLES.

GATHERING AND KEEPING APPLES.
In order to secure soundness and preserva-
tion it is indispensably necessary that fruit
should be gathered by hand. For winter
fruit the gathering is delayed as long as pos
sible, avoiding severe frosts, and the most
successful practice with our extensive or
chardists Is to place the good fruit directly
in a careful manner in new, tight -four bar
rels, as soon as gathered from the tree
These barrels should be gently shaken while
filling, and the head closely pressed in they
are then placed in a cool. shady exposure,
under shed open to the aig, or on the north
side OF building, protected by covering Of
boards over the top, where they remain for a
fortnight, or until the cold becomes too
severe, when they are carefully transferred to
cool, dry cellar, in which air can be admit
ted occasionally in brisk weather.
A cellar for this purpose should be dug in
dry, grsvely or sandy soil, with, iflpossible,
slope to the north. or, at any rate, with
openings on the north side for the admission
OF air very rarely in weather not excessively
cold. Here the barrels should be placed on
their sides, and the cellar should be kept as
dark as possible. In such cellar, one OF
the largest apple growers in Duchess county
is able 10 keep the Greening apple. which, in
the fruit room, usually decays in January,
until the frat OF April. in the freshest and
fnest condition. Some persons place layer
Of clean rye straw between every layer Of sp-
rlas when packing them In barrels.