The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-08-23
hare passed along me Atlantic ccOs lsgio'e stae @
ring any part Of this ttyx INV
q. SAwARD, Esq. a. o. nini'

G. sAwARD Esq. g. D. Ai"i'
comnraefAL FFPgcr or THE Loss
The loss which has been sustained py uis partial
failure OF the nedton h estimated about 400 COO
loss viii b. glad " say, may % eonsaer',ny
reduced BY undermining and ieye tat nethe, he
directors OF Atlantic Company nor Jus sharenolders
have been dsleartened by the present unfortunate as
cidcnt but on the contrary, are az oace dcoat tuks
measures b place ne ca Il ttat has been lost
NO CHANCE or A RENEWAL or THE UNDERTAKING
RUS YEAR
months of careful manufacture, so that all chance OF
resumption OF the undertaking this summer is out OF the
CERTAINTY or FINAL SUCCESS.
Alter the numerous solid OF submarine
teerraphy and after the fact of this cable being sue
oesuy laid for Two thirds OF its length, we cannot en-
,eriain doubt Of final success. Nay, more, believe
thai every experiment Will leave record its well de-
fined lesson and each renewal of he design viii be
more likely TO succeed, and TO prove lasting bcsson
than the hast Hitherto the failures have been clearly
traced 10 purely mechanical causes, and do
pet 10 hear Tomorrow that ethcr whale or shark
iceberg any other agent beyond human control
ar provision has done this mischief The bottom of the
Atlantic is the most liiess and most Interchangeable place
IN this tcrraq globe, and the only foe have
there is the sharp npiurEed edge of rock, rising
high from the surrounding level and thereby pressed
inio the substance of the cable. such rock miqlt
particular route, but not occur half mile
either side Of H. On the calculation Of chances
might safy reckon ON its non occurrence the next time
On the whole, then, must conclude 10 be
within the reach OF art, and aalnable with due care.
GREATER CARE REQUIRED.
But there comes the difficulty. very elaborate
fabric to be rendered proof against an ncesant in
snuatng and Instantly fatal antagonist for the immense
length oftwo thousand three hundred miles Who
knew house slated without few faulty states? Who
ever knew carpet taken UP and reaid without stack
pebble beng left under it ? The greatest human
vigilance viii nod The fault discovered in this cable
the FIRST daywas owing bit of wire left in the tank
and doubt dropped in the operation of pecing Such
operation ought 10 have been performed in the tank
The most careful workman leaves vestig6 behind him.
Bat he ngance necessary 10 secure the success # THIS cabe
must eo'uige fran the r moa,en Of The manufacture b
,hc lat IF The pyng om The last is done by night and
hy day possibly in Storm with all the powers of mind
and body exhausted Many people incapable of self
control and unable even 20 know what they saying,
after single day Of great and protractcd fatigue. What
must he the of all concerned in paying out the At
lantc cable after whole week Of it, not to speak OF
much previous anxiety aud hard work?
POSSIBILITY THAT THE. LAND LINE MAY BE FIRST
COMPLETED.
II would strange r. after all the land should beat
the sea and the Russians and Americans should have
completed the teegraphic wire from London to New
York, Siberia and Bchring Straits, before the
cess of the cable There De question he posi-
5,ty Of he and Inc DIT England naturally inclics to
Ge Atlantic route Both are only question Of time and
money
DEFECTS OF THE PRESENT CABLE.
In the too probable event of the Great Eastern return
ing with tale Of disaster ought Immediately to set
ha IS capable Of improvement The roughness of its
exterior consisting of trred hemp is alleged
why cond only be drawn in from great depth very
slowly indeed II Is said, too, that in the event of sud
den strain by urch Of the ship, rope incapable of
A few hours however, will add much to the facts Of
the present failure that hope II tins cable he
lost shall lind ourselves tomorrow step to
final and complete success
Magnetic Storms and Their influence.
From the London Post. August ~
The occurrence Of these magnetic storms and the in
fuence which they exercise among the most curious
and interesting problems which science has yet to solve
The records which for some time past have been duly
made the Royal Observatory at Greenwich exceed
insly interesting, and when sufficient number have
been obtained to afford datas to Judging Of the
Of these disturbances, in connection with other
meteorological and atmospheric phenomena, they may
he expected to afford tho most reliable aids for scientific
investigation. Little is known OF the source the
sttuents of that power subtle fluid which is termed
magnetism or electricity.
ORIGIN OF ELECTRICITY.
This much only is known, that it has its origin in the
earth and that when from some cause or other natural
or artificial, it is withdrawn from its home, II
rests not till 1t has returned to the earth from
whence ii came The revolutions Of the earth
ITS axis in its motion round the sum- speeds vastly
g than anything known to mechanical forces,
supposed to set up currents OF electricity which travel
the earths surface and their course enter every
sub stance which is conductor of electricity The cop
per wire OF electric cable is one Of the best of
ductors, and when laid upon the carhs surface, at
the bottom Of the sea- it would draw to itself large
share OF those natural currents To this, in
snaiion, by means OF india rubber or gna perchn Is
necessary, but perfect Insulation is practically imposs
bic, and hence the natural earth currents will be ound
TO interfere more or less with the passage Of the artificial
currents generated in the battery for transmission along
the conductors In the normal condition Of things this
earth electricity currents do not seriously interfere
with the working OF the line of telegraph and their
is by multiplying the number OF cells
or in other words increasing the battery power TO be
employed
HOW THE PRESENCE OF MAGNETIC CURRENTS IS
AscERTAINED.
Now il the object OF the Astronomer Royal 10 obtain
of these magnetic disturbances and the mode in
which it is accomplished is exceedingly BEAUTIFUL No
mechanism, however beautifully or decately made,
will be sufficiently sensitive for the purpose Of making
these records light H. employed to record the mystic
nature Of which wholly ignorant thus made
of to produce great and valuable results for science
bar OF ron IL poised At its centre with wonderful accu
ray. Ele magnetism or electricity from the earth TENDS
always o. draw downwards to its surface end or this
beautifully poised balance. When the currents which
pass through or the earth are weak the influence
but slight and the motion downwards almost impcr-
captite. When disturbances set in such that winch
commenced on Wednesday last the action OF the
ton more rapid and at times so violent that
it Is impossible 10 obtain any record Of their move
mens
PHoroGRApHING THE STORM.
No mechanical arrangement, as we have "a d. u sum
GENTLY delicate to obtain this record The slightest
hm from spider would interfere with the
Of the magnctized iron bar the record Is obtained by
tho aid Of photography Opposite to the bar placed
cylinder, which rcvoves in twenty. four hours.
Upon This IL placed sheet of sensitive auminzed
paper lamp constantly burning Is 30 placed as TO
throw the shadow of the iron bar upon this paper and
every movement upwards downwards Is thus traced
with unfailing accuracy. There are times, however.
when the movements of the bar rapid that there ~
moi sufficient time TO produce mark upon the paper.
and during the greater part Of the last three days the
paper from the cylinder has presented perfect blank.
AT other times the surface IL covered with the most
irregular zigzag lines sembng those diagrams or
charts which indicate ut glance the comparative
heights Of mountains lengths of rivers IN various
parts OF the world Az one part the record mounts up
peak several inches in height, at others il Is
clenched fraction OF an inch above the datum line
EFFECTS Uroy TELEGRAPHY.
To what extent the interruptions or Wednesday morn
ing nay be due to this extraordinary magnetic disturb
Init ha
Royal has very appropriately taken the opportunity Of
calling attention to continuous series OF records, the
existence OF which previously known 20 but few
persons and which at distant day Will there is every
reason TO believe Of immense value to the Of
Geographic The publication OF the letters Of Pro-
lessor Airy WILL at all events have this good result that
they will induce persons 10 pause before they hastily
conclude that the interruption Of teegraphic communi
cation necessarily ind Gates the total loss Of expensive
submarine cable, system Of Geographic lines,
whether aerial subterranean.
The Bargain OF the Cable Company.
From the London Star, August
II e the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Com