Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1865-01-12

Provinces. Take the years 1857 to 1862,
exclusive, and We shall find that during
this period the shipping of the United
States which cleared for the British Prov
iuces was l,07O,239 tons, and the foreign
shipping which cleared during this same
period was 1891 ,899- tons; while the ship
ping of the United States which entered
at our custom houses from the British
Provinces was 10,056, ,ls3 tons, and the for
eign shipping which entered 64,556 tons.
1 mention these things by way of contrast.
In comparison with the grand movements,
the business which we have been able to do
on the St. Lawrence, seems to be trivial
It need not ba considered as On element in
the present discussion. The treaty may be
seen next in its bearings on the commerce
between the two countries. This has in
creased immensely, but it is difficult to zee
| how much of this increase is due to the
treaty, and how much is due to the natural
| growth of population and the facilities
Of transportation in both countries
There are also railroads furnishing prompt
and constant means of inter communication
which have gone into successful operation
since the treaty. In the three years i'm
mediately preceding the treaty, the total
exports to Canada and other British Prov
inces were, $4s, 81 Y5l8, and the total i'm
ports were $22 22,5ss,577 being Of exports
TO imports in the proportion OF 100 to 46.
IN the ten years of the treaty the total ex-
ports to Canada and the British Provinces
we're $256, ,35093l. The total import were
5000, ,399, 1856.
According TO these amounts the exports
4 - Abo Of hr1r,h Ffah kt0
seventy-eight. The total exports TO Can
ada in the three years Immediately pre-
ceeding the treaty were Diseases, and
the total imports were 6,5s1G74, being IN
| the proportion Of one hundred to hfLy-tWoi
while the whole exports to Canada alone
during the ten years of the treaty were
l72, 81, ,9l1, being in the proportion Of one
hundred to ninetJ-four. l present these
tables TO lay before you the extent and
| n ItuIe of the change in tho commerce be-
tween the two countries. In the view
which take on the present occasion it Is
not necessary to consider the much debated
INQUIRY as to tn effect of a difference between
the amount Of exports and imports, ,inv0lv-
ing as it does the whole perilous ques-
| tion of the bAlanca of trade.
The Reciprocity Treaty cannot bs over
turned on any contested principle OF po-
litical economy. L come, in the last place,
/ to the influence of the treaty on the reve-
nues of the country, and here, the Custom
House is our principal witness. The means
of determiL ing this question will be found
in the authentic tables which have
been published from tima 20 time
in the reports of the treasury, especially
in the report made to Congress st this
session which have in my hands. Look
ing at these tables, we find certain un-
snswerable points. From an estimate
founded on the trade before the treaty, 1t
appears that if no treaty had been made,
/ and trade had increased in the ssms ratio
as bsfore the treaty, Canada would have
paid the United States, in the ten years Of
the treaty, at least Sic, ,373, 800, from which
she hss been released. This sum has actu-
/ sllv been lost to the United States. Ia re-
turn, Canada mas given up, S2,650,89O,
| beng the amount which it would
have collected il no such treaty had
have been made. There is q vast
disproportion to the de!riment Of the
United States. After further remarks on
the subject, Mr. Sumner then quoted from
the report of the Secretary OF the Treas
ury, showing thst the Treaty had RECESSED
from duty a total sum Of S423, ,333 25T in
value of goods of Canada moro than oi
goods, tie produets of tho United States
| From these various considerations It was
clear to him that the revenue Of the United
States had suffered by this treaty, and thai
in this important, particular its advantages
had not been cquallY shared by the tvs
Countries.
Messrs. Ramsay and Howe spoke against
tho repeal of the treaty, and Messrs. Sher
man and UOllsmer spoke in favor OF Its
repeal,
Pending the consideration Of tie resolu
ton, the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE.
The House resumed tho consideration o
the proposition for q constitutional amend
ment to abolish slavery troughUut the Uni
ted States
Mr.. Chiffon, of Ohio, opposed it on tn
ground thst Congress had no power f
make such an amendment.
Mr.. Smithers, of Delaware, advocates
the amendment rs both constitutional ant
beneficial.
Mr. Townsend, of New York, and MI
Holman, of Indiana, severslly gave res
sons way they would vote against IN
amendment.
i.