East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1865-11-15

tablished form occurred during the
Interregnum, and after the abdication
of James IL; but excepting these ir-
Irregularities, it has been fundamental
principle of the English constitution,
that every lawful Parliament shall
consist of an Upper and Lower House
of Legislature. ae
0anm THE UPPER HOUSE.
The Upper House consists of peers
who hold their seats-1. BY virtue
of hereditary right; 2. BY summons
from the Crown; 3. by virtue of their
office = bishops; A. BY being elected
for life-Irish peers, 8. BY being
delegated for the duration of Parli-
ament- Scottish peers.
Formerly, every peerage was at the
same time feudal barony, or 'Barone
par tenure" To be qualified to appear,
however. in the national assembly of
the Plantaganets special summons
was necessary, and thus were created
the "BaOne par 0rIt." According to
Camden, after the battle Of Evesham
every baron was expressly forbidden,
without such special writ, to appear in
Parliament. Any one affording proof
that his ancestor was called "by writ
of summons has the right to sit as
hereditary peer. The claim may like
wise be based on prescription. Who
ever is called by writ of summons
must actually take his seat in order to
acquire the full rights Of peer; the
eldest sons of dukes, marquises and
earls are sometimes called by writ to
the Upper House under special title
The creation by patent is at the pres
ent day the ordinary form employed,
the peer being thereby summoned "ad
consaleRdum ct defendum regem; and the
peerage rights are acquired whether
the individual summoned takes his
seat in the Upper House or not
Should question arise as to the legal
capacity of a peer TO be admitted to
the sittings of the Upper House, the
Sovereign is prayed for writ through |
a Secretary of State; the Attorney
General supports the petition, and if |
willing to allow it, it is ordinarily
complied with. If the matter is doubt
full, he recommends the matter 10 be
referred to the Upper House, which
resolves itself into Committee on
Privilege. Upon a report to the House,
the latter declares its opinion by way
of address. Hereditary peers may,
by standing order" of the Upper
House, take their seats without further
preliminary; pees newly created or
summoned have to be introduced"
The Crown is unrestricted in its
power of creating peers, and this priv
ilege has been largely used by sue
ceeding kings, chiefly modern sover-
eigns. George l. created 60, and
George III. 80 new peers; from 176l
down down to to M ISL leerscg sss g:'a and from rom rf6o re
down to 1921, the number was 667.
George ". created 50, William w.
90, and Queen Victoria, up to 1862,
created SO new peers. In consequence
of expressions used in the Act of
Union-5 Anne, C. S--limiting the
right Of election Of Scotch peers to
the then existing peers of Scotland, it
is understood that the sovereign can
not create new Scotch peerage I; and
such peerages are, in fact, never created,
except in the case of the younger
branches of tho royal family, though
extinct peerages may be revived or
forfeited peerages restored. BY the
Irish Act Of Union--39 and 40, Geo.
LII. C. 67--the sovereign is restricted
to the creation of one new Irish peer
age on the extinction of three of the
existing peerages; but when the Irish
peers are reduced to 100, then on the
extinction of one peerage another may
be created.
MEMBERS or THE UPPER HOUSE IN 1864.
The following is summary of the
members of the House of Lords, as
composed in the session of 1864: