The Columbia daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1865, 1865-07-12

any abandonment of the principles Of
State rights for |h:ch they have beenscon-
tending. They sny. 1--WE are compelled
to abandon the cause for the present, but
we hate you. and always shall con tinne to
do so."s In addition to the hatred1fof the
ankees, they now seem to feel the, most
bitter hatred towards the Negro. THE
negroes have all learned that they are free,
aud, as ls.usually the case at 6rst, most Of
them stopped work, both on the pi.uta-
tons and in the city, and congregated in
large numbers ut Columbia. AS there are
IN South C3rolinn more than double the
number of negroes than white people, it
was found necessary to have military
force distributed through the country to
preserve order. Lieut. Col. Hauyhtou,
commanding the 25th Ohio Volunteers,
was accordingly sent to Columbia for this
purpose. Upon arriving near the town.
he found the roads and streets of the city
blocked up with negroes. The next morn
ing he sent out aud arrested all the able
bodied male negroes and set them to work
clearing tie rubbish from the burned dis
trict. They worked all day faithfully,
expecting when night came to get some
thing to eat: but such was not the Ceonel's
plan. He allowed them to q gAhungry, aud
IN the morning nota negro could be found
All Of them returned to their homes, glad
to 90 to work again. An order was then
issued, requiring owners of slaves to call
them ul' and tell them they were free,
advising them to continue their work, with
the understanding THAI they should share
the crop when harvested, but notifying all
those who wished to leave that they were
at liberty to do so. MANY took advantage
of the offer and left and have since been
roaming about the country, living on
what they could steal for the supply of
labor Is greater than the demand, ut.d their
only method OF obtaining a living this
year IS by remaining with their former
masters, who are compelled to keep them
II they wish to remain. The Southern
planters generally say that with the e1cep-
ton OF the loss of property in negroes,
and the unsettled state OF affairs which
the freeing of so large body will uatu
rally produce. they will he better of with
free labor than slave. Fhey contend that
the only source Of profit in the State from
slavery consisted iii the increase. and that
If we take away the right of property in
them. they will then have many more in
the State than they can use to advantage
COTTON.
There is considerable cotton scattered
over the State from last year crop, in
small lots, but tie great bulk OF It has
been destroyed. Il consequence Of the
destruction of the railroad, stoppa-e of
sual;s and faciiit."s Gor travel, the greater
! portion of the 'c'5Zeus are in t;le mos.
| lamentahle state OF ignorance regarding
tho rest Of the country. Many Of them
F., >tlsi mink that the essAatiou .f i.os.:i.ti,s
! Is merely q truce, and that Sth> war will
| e resumed asa.3 = a few days. While
others admit that the war is ever, but con-
f! t"ni that the emancipation of the slaves
i is TO be gradual. covering period oi thirty
years. One thing above all others is ap-
| pefsnt-they are suhjugated most com-
p!cte!y and thoroughly. The very course
taken by Sherman in his march through
the country old more towards ending the
war than a dozen Victories The remedy
was severe but e.fectual. l nm informed
| by Col. Haughton that the oath of ale.
.gl:nce is Being very generally taken by
the inhabitants. and thar there is a very
! general desire to get tie State Government.
IN working order as soon as possible, and
TO settle down to work The inhabitants
with whom l have talked appreciate the
TACT that tnelr only course now is TO work.
They iirst want to know on what terns
they are to be rcceived-whe,her they
have any rights, either in property or in
the affairs of State-and then they are
ready to begin work
Very little trouble has occurred in thc
State from returned soldiers. IN the upper
country. as they call it, raids We're made
upon property belonging 10 the rebel Co.
ve:nment. which was appropriated nd's-
crlminately; but when this was gone, the
difficulties ceased Negroes also, in some
Instances, banded together, and organized
system Of robbery from the planters.
who, in some cdses, sho. them, which they
were authorized 20 CO by Col. Iiaughton,
provided they could not otherwise protect
tuemselvas Il will 1aEn q lnno: ti1nn I,nr