New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-09-08
CHICAGO RrTBRPRIsE.
Growth Of the City-The Leading Me1-
Poor Waicr-Tho Tunnel-Figures-A
Visit to DESIGNATIONS.

Already Chicago has one-fifth of the pOpula-
ton of New.York II is growing like corn'feid In
July. In the end. Eew.York may como out second
best. This is not an idle remark. Our vast public
debt will force US manufacture, and to bc indepen
dent Of Europe. The center of population constantly
is moving westward; already it has passed Pittsburgh
1t is destined to be fixed In Illinois, British America
will become part of the United States. SO VIII Mex
leo Chicago will be central 1t will be distributing
point for all kinds Of goods and manufactures very
greatly is 1t so to-day. At no other city can the wants
OF our people so easily be supplied New methods oil
travel will be acknowledged inventions are about
to dawn.
MANY good qualities are required of the business and
governing men Of this city. Most Of them are young
In other cities they have older men, was surprised 10
find them so young One expects TO find city tather
rich a noted, business man. with gray hair. Ihese
are from 80 10 10 years old They step quickly, write
rapidly, and think deeply. They are patriotic. afnD
tOns and able As business men they cannot aHOrd 10
be dishonest These qualities important In the men
who attempting to make their city outslrip New
York.
There are few Of the city officers who have not been
engaged in business. Many commenced with lttiei
they have become wealthy usually they deal IN real
estate Whoever wise or lazy enough not to be In
hurry TO sell land. failed not to become rch In 1891
the wheels were running around very fast. Prices of
lots not higher now than they were then; ana YET
The city has increased over 5000
N
bridges In The season OF lake navigation there is a
struggle between vessels ard teams. sometimes a
bundred wagons collect while vessel passes through.
Tie annoyance is great Now they ere gong to Dug
tunnels under the river Ii is about 100 feet Side The
tunnels will be $50 feet long, Including the approaches
There will be two arches for teams between them Will
be a passenger walk reached by steps.
They have been troubled with poor water. ltS
purped from the lake the Shore sometimes IL has
the ivor of slaughter houses and all the nth OF the
Chicago River At The bes' is weak second handed
water Sometimes there are FISH 10 take a bohed
lte fish ont of ones coffee with tea spoon is not gen
tee. This the case formerly than ut present
Then it easy In washing dishes to put ones gers
in the pan and pull out little fishes. believe tbey
strain the water In Summer along the shores OF
these lakes where creeks come in. and when II quiet
have seen water snakes crOoking about They never
go out far because they are afraid OF the big FISH, The
muskaOnge grows as long as man; he Is PIKE me
out sometimes is so large as not to be salabe. hut
snakes nothing, have seen focks OF them III the
walls OF some farmers wells.
Various plans were proposed TO Get pure water One
was to take from the lake several miles from the
city. but often was found to be white with clay ana
certain winds blew the river water along shore
Finally decided 10 60 out into the lake two miles
Then Il would be free from all corruption; there the
white caps roll clear and there is no gr1Gll swell They
would dig ind the lake There long discussions
Many thought it absurd Nothing of the kind ever
as heard Of before. True, there was the Thames
Tunnel, with ships riding overs but what was that to
| digging TWO miles under Lake Michigan, where waves
tossed mountain highi Let them toss; they would
i try IT, ,
! into between the city and Messrs Dull & Goven OF
Harrisburg, Pa for tie sum OF 1915 l39 10 build the
work which briefly describe.
First Land shaft IS to I've sunk between the present
water works and The lakes distant only few rods 20
feet below tho ordinary level Of the lake. III ined
with brick masonry IL inches thick where IL IL l2 feet
10 diameter and eight l. ches thick where it is SIX feet
in diameter, and in the inyert at its bottom Through
the first Is feet IT is 10 feet in diameter when there Is
sloping Offset all around TO six feet in diameter. to
five feet below the bottom OF the invert Of the tunnel
distance Of GO feet. The brick hard burnt. clear.
ringing and well formed. free from lime not lcss than
eight inches long two AID quarter thick and four
inches broad. The mortar is OF the best water lime
cement and in the proportion Of onetbird clear sharp
sand. The shore end Of the tunnel starts from this
shaft
Four miles In the lake and where the tunnel ends Is
placed crib constructed with I've sides. each side -
feet long with "a central space, leaving hollow wall -
feet across, which is to be filed with rubble stone
Tins crib is 40 feet high five feet above the water and
when competed is to have lighthouse on 1t. Ihere
are three openings through each Of the western and
southern Sides five feet high and four feet VIDE Inc
most northern opening IS TO have its bottom i've Feet
above the bottom Of the crib. the middle one II eet
higher AID the southern one ii feet above The middle
one Each opening Is 10 be furnished with iron paddle
gates be worked by means Of al iron rod The bot,
tom Of the crib !s FORMED by ole outer one middle and
one inner line OF l2inch square white pine timber con
nected with timbers Of the same size sbeathed
with tw o-inch pine plank fastened with Xineh spikes
driven through each plank IN every timber aud l0st
Each outer edge OF tie crib is projected by covering
Of wrought iron inch thick, 10 feet from the TOP
down. and two feet each way Much space is required
10 give fnll Description. only add the mat rlhs re
quir,d: & ga cubic feet Of white pine timber 800
cubic feet Of oak timber; 20 25l pinch plank 700
wrought bOlts SIS inches square. and 80 inches
long: 10 inch do; 200 do ]. inches. IS feet Iongi %
do ID inches long, 20 square feet l'iHch angie iron
8 OPS cnbc yards Of stone filing beside spikes and
paddle ana other gatea.
Tie inlet cylinder for the ou,er shaft which is 10 be
placed within the crib. is in sections feet Ia diam
eier and about fee, long, the ranches to be 81 inches
wide by IA thick faced IN tie lathe true and at right
angles 10 the center line OF tie CYLINDER The section
next below the top il provided with openings Tor
inlet gates The joints between the cylinGer sections
to be made aif.light with red lead putty
Now for the tunnel The clear width Is to be Feet
ard the clean hight feet inches the top and bottom
arches 20 be sem circular ncd with brick masonry
inches thick in Two rings shells the brick 10 be laid
lengthwise and with Oothing joints On the top just
enough 81 excavation is allowed To give room 10 urn
and key toe upper arch properly Sections OF not over
two feet Of the upper arch built at time. and I'M
mediaeiy after each section is keyed the space above Is
Tiled with earth and rammed thoroughly til 1t Is M
s0ld as the original ground. Tho mortar ard materhl
are tie same described for the land shalt Ihh, II
VIII be seen forms sOhd tube Gs firm as cast iron.
Inc criD Is fastened III il place by five OF NitcheFs
moorlng screws, forced 10 feet into the csy. The
"ofk on the tunnel commenced last May and is pro-
gressihg on an average IL feet day. The rlginal
estimate was 81 eet aday. There il stop during the
~ hours 1t Is always night down below There are
three sets Of woIkmen One begins ut 7 n III. aud
works III p nj the second sci works till Ii p.
the third set tn a. IN. The III O'Clock set excayates.
the o. set Trims their work. the 8 D. m set nre
masuns. Still during the two latter reefs two or three
men digging PeIhaps this order sometimes il
| varied.
The work Of tunnelng on The crib end viii commence
about the LIST Of September when. with the shore
GROUPS they will 70 forward about - feet DAY Thus
far the ground hard blue clay. In sinking the shore
shaft they came to spring; well was dug 10 feet
below the bottom Of the tunnel; into this enters q
powerful pump, worked by steam No other water has
been found Should they find it, it will run along "a,
tunnel-which has fad toward the shore of two fee
in mile-intO the well.
Imnst not neglect 10 give The names OF the gentlemen
corIr.sinp The Board oi Public WORKS of Chicago
These are j q. Glndele. PTesident; y. Lett y. j