davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
CONTRACTION OF HORSES FEET.

Mr.. Jennings, late Professor of Anatomy
in tire Veterinary College of Philadelphia,
we regard as one of our most intelligent
and skillful veterinary surgeons, and enti
tied to great confidence i'll his profession.
He has written much and well for the diff
erent journals, on the diseases of animals :;
and the following article on the "Contrac-
traction of Feet of Horses" strikes us as
very clear and satisfactory statement of its
cause and remedy, and deserving of atten-
ton.
The tendency horses foot, in "a healthy
condition, is to expand whenever the weight
of the body is thrown upon them. Being a
very complicated piece Of mechanism, they
are very easily disarranged, and once ont
of order are difficult to repair hence the
necessity of preserving them in sound
condition.
Contraction is caused-lst By cutting
away the bars of the feet, which are the
main stays for the support of the quarters.
2d. BY Opening the heels as the smith
calls it, )cutting away a portion of the frog,
in consequence of which the moisture of
frog becomes absorbed, losing its elasticity
and not destroying its function, thus expos
ing the feet to injury by conCussion 3D..
BY standing upon plank floors. 4th By
improper shocing.
An ordinary observer will, upon an cX-
animation of the common shoe, notice that
it includes from without nwards at the
heels, thus forming a concavity for the feet
to rest in the consequence is lateral re-
sistance Of the expansion of the hoofs,
when the weight Of the body is thrown up
TIn off ,f i.,ta =, 70
force the heels together creating pres
sure upon the sensitive parts within the
horny case; establishing fever by which
the moisture of the hoofs is rapidly absor-
bed rendering the hoots hard, brittle and
liable to crack, and not unfrequcntly caus-
ing corns, navicular joint lameness, bony
deposits to be thrown out from the lateral
wings or processes of the coffin bones, reu-
dcring the animal permanently lame or I'M
sound These are but few of the bad eff
tccts arising from contraction; enough how
ever, to rerve our purpose at present
REMEnY--Preserve a level bearing by
making the shoes perfectly fiat on the quar-
ters, so as not to interfere with the eXpan-
sion of the feet. Should contraction al
ready exist to a considerable extent, bcvel
the shoes slightly outward at the heels, in
order to facilitate expansion. Care should
be used not to bevel too much, or bulging
at the lower part of the hoofs at the quar-
tiers will be the result The shoes should
in all cases be forged and not twisted as is
sometimes done to save trouble by the
bungling smith. Proper applications, to
soften the horny parts and promote elasti-
city should also be used Such prepcra-
tiOns are put up iii the form of hOof oint-
ment
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
TO MAKE FARM LIFE ATTRACTIVE.

Young men often leave their homes in
the country for city employment because
they dislike the hard and dirty work, and
because the adOrnment of the homes Of
their childhood has not been attended to-
Girls dislike to marry young farmers Re
cause they see a life of drudgery in the
prospect, such as cooking large meals for
hired men, and because the tlrong of labor
crs which must fill up their houses preclude
the idea of comfort and seclusion By at
tending to the following points much Of
those evils could be avoided
/. Build cheap, but good and comforta-
bic laborers' cottages, and hire steady mar
ricd men to occupy them and thus board al
home.
, Let the owner attend to strict clean
illness so far as may be practicable that is.
never enter the house with a heavy or dirty
pair Of boots, but take them off in an out
house whenever entering for meals or for
the night, and replace them with slippers
The same care should be given to outer
garments.
}. Attend to frequent washing and bath
ing, and frequent change of clothes it
is nearly as easy to wash several garments
slightly soiled as one loaded with dirt.
4. Let all rooms and especially bed
rooms, be well ventilated, and every cause
Of foul and offensive air be removed.
). Let the living-rooms be handsomely
furnished inside-with books, pictures.
minerals and specimens of natural history.
philosophical apparatus, Gall in proper
cases, materials for drawing, and every
thing else to make indoors attractive to
young people.
6. Let the surroundings of the house be
appropriated to ornamental planting
shrubbery, flower beds cut in smooth turf,
&c, and have ample orchards and fruit gar
dens, so that a constant supply of delicious
and fresh fruit may be obtained from them,
from the season of the earliest strawber-
ries in June, until the late frosts in autumn
and afterwards that copious supply
may be obtained from the fruit-room until
the first of the succeeding summer.
I. Let all the operations of farming be
carried on without hurry or excessively
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

THE BEST TINE TO Sow GRAss-SEED.-I
have an impression that experimental
knowledge is the most valuable to the far
mer For more than half century have
been experimenting to find the best time to
SOW grass seed. For more than thirty of
the first years of my farming | did as my
neighbors did; we supposed the spring
months were the only proper ones for that
purpose. But later in life by reading ag-
ricultural papers, | discovered that some
enterprising farmers were successful in
sowing their grass-seed in August or Sep
tember | tried the experiment with com
pIete success that being the season it
would naturally fall, it appeared evident
to my mind that it was the right one But
still later | have been particular, and have
sowed grass-seed at any season when my
ground was prepared TO receive it, and if
the seed was good it has uniformly vegeta-
ted and done well.
Last fall we (my son and myself after
harvesting our potatoes from the low, wet
soil, which would not admit of seeding down
in early spring, sowed herd-grass and red
top seed on the l4th and 18th of October
upon said potato field. doubling, but still
lOpIHS IOI lHc btSI anu HO"J lnC CIH VI
July, it bids fair to give us the best crop of
hay produced ON any of my farm lots. This
grass probably will require two weeks Ion
ger to grow than that which has been
seeded down longer. | think | never saw
seed vcgetatc better at any season. Grass
seed will vegetate a long time after being
sowed In the spring of 1862 | seeded
down lot Of good ground, but rather dry,
with red-top seed the months Of June and
July were uncommonly dry, and at the mid
die of August there was no appearance of
grass sprout on the piece. On the 10th
of August, the same year, it began to rain
profusely, and continued raining for several
weeks till the ground was saturated. In
September, mere than four months after the
seed was sown, every seed seemed to vege-
tate, and the ground appeared like a beau
tiful lawn And on the whole, | have con-
clnded that any time when our land is in a
good state of preparation to receive the
seed is the best time to SOW it SuAs
BRowN, in Boston CatltiratOr.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

"WHAr Is CoMPosr ?"-This name is
properly applied TO any manure made by
mixing various substances Of fertiliZing
value, so that by their action upon one an
other, or by the effect of the mixture, their
joint value is enhanced. Thus, when we
mix a bushcl or two of lime slacked with
brine, or ashes, with load of muck, the re-:
suit is compost worth more to the soil
than both applied separately So when we
take bone dust, hen manure and leached
ashes or plaster, in .iudicious proportions,
we make compost which is good for ma
nuring corn in the hill, for top-dressing for
grass, etc, and so composed or "compos-
ted as to be more conveniently handled,
and worth more than if separate "Com-
post" does not mean anything in particular,
but all compound manures in general which
farmers make.-American Agricuhmif
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

How TO MAKE AN OMErET.-The proper
way to make an omelet, is to take three
tablespoonfuls of milk for each egg, and a
pinch of salt to each one also. Beat the
eggs lightly for two or three minutes, and
pour them into a hot pan in which "a piece
OF butter the size of walnut has been
melted moment before The mass will
begin to bubble and rise in flakes immedi-
ately, and the bottom must be lifted inces-
sanity with clean knife so that the softer
parts run in. An omelet should be cooked
three or four minutes, and made in this
way will melt in the mouth Scientific -An,-
eIjcdn.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
Aems Bloom.
NOWLES & cos NEW BOOK ST0E
NEWS ROOM AND EXPRESS OFFICE,

CoWLES & cos NEW BOOK SToa
NEWS ROOM AND EXPRESS OFFICE,
are all in the Post Office building on Main street Dir
ly opposite the Court House They have the lar.
and most elegant assortment OF
BOOKS, STATIONERY MAGAZINES, PERIODIC
SINGING BOOKS, SHEET MUSIC, LITI0
GRAPHS, PHOTOGRAPHS. PHOTO
GRAPH ALBUMS, DIARIES,
FOR lS64, &c, &C,
to be found anywhere in the country They are Cd
stantly receiving, from New York and Philadelph4i
the late and most popular publications of the day dir
from the press, such Harpers Monthly. Ece.
Magazine Rebellion Record, GOdeys Iady's Boob
tersous Magazine. Scientific American, Gieasons Z
airy Companion, Dime Novels, Song Books Conn.
manacs, and News Papers: also the Daily Tn-
Times, Herald, journal OF Commerce, Sun, Ledger, Y
curry, Clipper Boston Pilot, &c. &c.
On their counter may be found the following lat
highly popular works just issued from the Press. r.
BUTLER in New Orleans Beyond the lines. or d y.
kee prisoner loose in Dixie Sounuings from the A,
tic, by Oliver Wendal Holmes: Triumphs OF the B
by Tulledge; Roundabout Pasers by Thackery
Amber Gods, by Prescott shoulder Straps by Moi.
Freedom and War by Henry Ward Beecher The =
son Why Leaflets of Masonic Biography Our Iio-
BY Hawthorn Three years in Japan Stories OF.
Old and New Testament Social Condition of the Z
iSh People The Sioux War and Massacres of ls6g
1868 Letters to the Jones. by Tncomb Alice OF
Country Parson My Southern Friends, by II
Among the Pines by Kirk; Journal of residence o.
Georgia Plantation Canoe and the Saddle by Wint,
In the Show Case may be found the finest assortr
of superior
GOLD PENS,
ever brought to this market Beads, for the Iad5,
all sizes and colors Port Monnies Pocket Diaries
1864 ; Bank Note Reporters and Description List,
scrIbing all the cOuutereits and broken bank notes
afoat in the country,--eyery man should have one
They also have the largest stock of School Books c
brought to this market, which they offer at a yery
figure for cash
Our Express runs TO Wayerly every morning {SunL
eXcepted) and returns every evening, carrying EX=
Goods. The hour for starting from Towanda is 6,
the morning, and returning leaves Waverly al ) oco
p. M. on the arrival OF the Express from New Yoa
Any Books or other matter published can be ordr.
through US promptly.
We pay special attention in sending and receiN.
Soldiers packages to and from the army.
A. +. CDWLES CO
Towanda, Dec 3, 1865.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
Daromdre.

HARDWARE. CODDING & RUSSELL
LARGE AND WELL SELECTED STOCK OF GOODS.
To which additions are daily being made which they
offer cheap for Cash A large assortment OF
COOKING STOVES,
Among the many desirable and beautiful patterns is the
CELEBRATED AMERICAN.
This beautiful stove Is unsurpassed for economy in
fuel is perfect baker; is the best COOK STOVE in
the market. Among their heating Stoves may be found
great variety suitable for every place where are
used.
STOVE PIPE AND SHEET IRON WORK,
Always on hand and made to order.
TINW ARE,
large stock aacured from the very best materials
and 10y experienced workmen very ul assortment OF
IRON, MAILS AND STEEL,
At New York prices.
HOUSE AND CARRIAGE TRIMMINGS,
TOOLS FOR THE FARMER
Tools Tor the House Joiner and CarpenterTools for
Backsmiths-ToOs for everybody.
WINDOW SASH AND GLASS PAINTS, OILS AND
vARNIsuEs, MACHINE AND BENzoLE.
KEROSENE OIL, LAMPS. WICKS AND CHIMNEYS
BETTING, TABLE AND POCKET CUTLERY,
BRITANNIA AND PLATED WARE
Pumps, Lead Pipe nhoim Pumps, Water
Pipes, GriadSt0nes and fixtures,
KEROS ENE Ian NTERNS,
JOB WORK done with dispatch. Lamps repaired
Fluid Lamps and Lanterns altered and fitted to burn Ke
rosene.
Grain, Old Iron, Casting and Wrought Scraps, Copper
Brass Britannia BeeswaX, Feathers and Rags take in
exchange for goods
Highest price in cash paid for Sheep Pelts and Furs
BE- OUR GOODS have been purchased on the paw
down system and will be sold for READY PAY.
JOHN A.. CODDING, Connr>c n,,,cr,r
{. s. RUSSELL. NDi'" i'O''0Ei'i"
TOwanda March 10, 1863
NEW METROPOLITAN HARDWARE
~ STORE.
ORWELL, PA.
s. n. BRONSON, just removing into the new quar-.
tiers, where may be the most complete variety of
Stoves,
Iron,
Hardware,
&c, &c, &c.
The renowned HUBBARD MOWER Horse Hay Forks
and vast amount of FARMING & HAVING TOOLS
Also, TIN ERING and JOBBING, of which the pub
ic are invited to investigate. Especially the
II u b B 4 r. VI o " Err
May 49, 1864.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
Druas & Mentrtmes.
SToW'S DRUG STORE


r Ar STO WIS DIR L G STORE.
The subscriber having purchased the Drug Store No
Patton Block Towauda. Pa. formerly occupied by DIR.
T. F. MADILL is now daily adding to his stock OF goods,
and will hereafter give it his personal attention.
FRESH, PURE AND RELIA BILE DRUGE. MEDICINES
Purchased from the most reliable and respectable i'm.
pOrers and manufacturers always hand and sale
on the most reasonable terms. large stock OF
FRESH DRUGS AND MEDICINES
ply the
WANTS OF THE PUBLIC With ALL ARTICLES
BELONGING TO THE TRADE
PURE WINES AND LIQUORS, FOR MEDICAL USE
ONLY. FULL ASSORTMENT OF CONCENTRATED
BOTANIC, ELECTIC AND HOMEOPATHIC MEDI-
CINES.
ALL THE POPULAR PATENT MEDICINES.
PAINTS, OIL, yARNISH,
PAINT AND VARNISH BRUSHES,
DYE-sTUFFs AND GLASS.
FANCY AND TOILET ARTICLES OF EVERY KIND.
TILDEN's ALCOHOLIC AND FLUID EXTRACTS,
Il LKALOID AND RESIN OIDS.
All the Best Trusses.
ABDO MINAL sUPPOR ERs,
Shoulder Braces,
BREAST PUMPS, NIPPLE SHELLS, AND SHIELDS,
Nursing Bottles, Syringes and Catheters.
A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF RAZoRs sTRoPs, POCKET KNIVES
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS OF LATE STYLE
AND BEST QUALITY.
large supply Brushes for the Hat and Hair. lso fol-
the Teeth and Nails, Tooth Powders and Pas ties,
vigorators, &C., Kerosene, Kerosene Lamps,
Shades, Chimneys, Wicks, &c, all of
the latest styles. Choice Cigars,
TOBACCO AND SNUFF.
Es- Physicians supplied at teas)nable rates. Medi
cineS aud Prescriptions carefully and accurately com
pounded and prepared 10y competent persons at all hours
OF the day and night. Sunday hours from to 10 O
clock in tue forenoon, to in the afternoon.
d. H. BARST0W,
Towanda, Dec. l, 1864.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
furniture.
SlO.OOO 70 Genih SALE = At pF FURNITr

SlO,OUU Fo 20 SAL SALE y At pf foRNITrss
f. N. PAGES wARERoONs, AT ATpp,..
Having added largely to our former irro.,
Furniture, both of our own and Enstep man q I
we are better prepared than ever to serve G i'a
TONERS and as many new ones as will favor w
call ''
Mr.. A. o. HART
(Who is known far and near as one Of tbeh
men in the wOrld) has charge of the cstafi5
and all who will give a call Will soon be r",'hs
that they will save large percentage by maxi
purchases of US. s '-'
In short we have the finest stock Of good, IN
west Of New York, consisting OF ''
100 SETS PARLOR FURNITURE.
At prices that will defy competition at
F.N. PAGES,
so CHA Err SETS
Various styles Of Enameled or Imitation OF Po...
ana Chestnut and solid Chesnut Black WaInpt A.
any and Rosewood, at prices from SIS 90 to s3fa {
for variety OF design and finish. cannot be eyeaI,
any other establishment, and all to be found at
n, PAGES.
SOFAS AND BURE AUS
ATTN PAGES.
/ MARBLE TOP CENTRE TABLES, AT
/ F.N. PAGES.
EXTENSION AND DINING TABLES, At
F.N. PAGES.
/ $50 DIFFERENT STYLES or CHdJB,
From - 90 to Sl20 90 per set. at
/ F.N. PAGES.
800 BEDSTEADS, a GREAT VARIETY,
And lower than the lowest, at
F.N. PAGES.
Why is there such rush at our establishment for
/ iture The plain reason j. we have the best a.
ment, better biass of work, and are selling at
( prices than can be Ounu withng one hundred 10.
/ US, and 10 be convinced call at
F,N. PAGES.
/ The most Of our Furniture was made and bou-.
viouz to the late advan; in prices, and will be 9,
/ like low prices. Farmers will buy more Furniture
/ us for frkin OF butter, lG0 bushels OF oat, =,
cords of wood. than they could four years ego r.
I at
F.N. PAGES.
We have also large stock OF
/ MIRRORS,
/ PICTURE FRAMES,
PHOTOGRAPH on
STEEL ENGRAyINGS.
! OIL CUETs
/ CURTAIN BANDS AND CORNICES,
WORK BGI
/ TOILET STANDS,
PICTURES. &
! F.N. PAGES.
! Everything in our line that can he called for, Isl.
! found at
! +. y. PAGES.
COFEINS AND BURIAL CASES
Our undertakeI's department will at all time, De-
/ supplied with everything in that line. We have
( finest HEARSE i'll this section, not except ing sal
west of New York, and will attend funerals Wit.
circuit of twenty miles, on reasonable terms
! \. O, HART, Agent F.N.PAg
Athens, Pa, December /, 1864.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

INCREASING Sor~-By deepening the cult
walton of your soil you add to its quantity
Thus, by having your soil eight inches
deep, where before you only had it -four in
ches, you double its capacity-sOmewhat
as though you had two acres now where
you had only one before. Did you ever
think of this? Eight inches Of cultivated
soil has double the strength of four This
is a new way of increasing your land-not
new to our best farmers, who understand
all this--and hence they cultivate deep
not deep at once, but gradually, each year
a little deeper, or at every plowing.--
Ploughing alone makes the soil mellow, has
a wonderful effect even without manure {;
but manure, it must be remembered, is the
main reliance always.
In deepening your soil Judgment is re-
quired Not too much of the raw subsoii
must be brought up at Il time, unless it is
rich-thcn plough deep. In clay soils little
at time is the true theory Cut off half
an inch ofclay, more or less at each plough
ing. This, thrown up to the action Of the
clements, will be reduced to powder, and it
at once goes to work drawing strength from
the atmosphcre-clear profit, You see it
has the effect of plaster. Then it is a ma
nure in itself. These heavy clay beds are
valuable beds of manure. AS they are gem
orally spread cut with your soil, you need
only to adjust your clevis pin to manure
your ground But this must only be done
when the super-soi is thoroughly friabIe,
in good cultivated order Too much clay
brought up will stit1en your soil and air,
and heat and rain are kept out and thus
it remains stiff, cold, stubborn soil, on which
little or nothing can be grown. Grass is
the only thing that stands the least chance.
-TmipY Farmer.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

VOLATILE SOAP FOR REMOVING PAINT, GREASE,
oPoTs, Erc.-Four tablespoonfuls of spirits
OF hartshorn, four tablespoonfuls of alco-
hol, one tablespoonful of salt Shake the
whole well together in bottle, and apply
with sponge or brush.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

hard labor. by means Of the most systematic
management let agriculture be made at
tractive by its neatness and succes-COun-
trY Gentleman.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

Tor-DREssING GRAss-LAND.-Many New
England farmers top-dress grass land, and
find it very profitable We noticed as
early as August that some farmers had be-
gun to cart out manure for this purpose. 1t
should be spread down soon after the heads
are dropped, and if the manure is lumpy, it
should be pushed over Immediately after
spreading, in order to break the Jumps in
pieces. Then it should be picked over if
the compost, as is sometimes the case, con-
tains small stones, such as are i'll the way
Of hand-scythe and moving machine.
Farmers lot untrequently suffer the ma
nure heaps to remain too long before spread
ing them. Some even wait until spring be-
fore doing it. This is bad economy, ordi-
narily speaking. 1t is said by some far
mers, that if a side hill, liable to be washed,
be top-dressed, it is better to let the ma
nure remain till late in the spring before it
is spread. If this be an exception, which
some even doubt, it is no argument against
fall spreading on level meadows. When
heaps Of manure are suffered to remain un-
spread over winter it will be observed in
moving, that the grass is much heavier
where the heaps remained, thus proving
that much of the value of the manure was
washed out during the fall and winter Let
manure for top-dressing, then, be early
pread.-JidSS0chusetts PioughmaH,
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12
educational.

I OWELL'S COMMERCIAL COLIE1
IL BINGHAMToN, y. Y.-This institution is ua3s, {
sole management and direction OF Prot. d. W Low.
50 long Principal OF the
BINGHAMT0N COMMERCIAL COLLEGE
The Course OF Instruction embraces all the reua
of a THOROUGH PRACTICAL BUSINESS EDUCATION. al4 F
been lately extended by the Introduction OF an A.
Business Course, in which the Student engages /.
routine OF business Transactions eXemplifed and q.
iarzed by means OF a store. lin which the actual
of buying and selling goods is carried Oh by q.
StudenD, and Business Offices. viz Banks of Issue
Deposit, Rail-Roading and Steam Boating, Post Of
Telegraph, &c., DC.
The Proprietor has spared no time OF expense il 1
king this Course the most thorough and complete
ever presented TO the public and tees fully assured
alter having been himself engaged in actual bushes,
having had many years experience in teaching thc ,
ence OF Accounts, and being aided by full and ef
corps OF ,aCherS he will be enabled TO make l.or
and Successful graduates of all VINO may place Ill
selves under his charge.
PE " VI 4 NSHTPt
In this essential branch OF business education Ry
lege offers better taCinies to the learner. The Sg.a
ian system will be taught in all its varieties ly tie
skilliull masters Of the art. Specimens of WrlTiu.
this Institution have received the highest e4,um
from the press.
For general information. terms, &c, address Tor
Iege Monthly, which will be mailed Tree tor Specus
OF PenmanSAip enclose tive three cent, stamps
Address D. w. LOWELL. Principal
Lowells Commercial College, Binghamton y. !
2. S.-One OF Ritz I Duncan'S No. l highly ils-
fine perfect point. quil-spring Gold Pens, with a.
and case warrented tor year and to suit vii be
free of charge to any one who will remit s. 81 70
above address.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

Just receved-a large stock of Fall and Winter Cloth
ing at J CORNS Enir Branch Clothing Store He
Says cooy. boldly and deliberately that he takes the
foremost of the Clothing Merchants or Towanda
Eighteen hundred and sixty-one has come and the
light and beauty of Spring shines upon u.s. with all its
radiant spendOr. shall continue to sell Clothing for
bought cheap for cash. and they will be sold cheap for
cash.
My goods are all manufactured in Elmira, therefore
can warrant them well made. Enough for me to say
have everything IN the line OF
CLOTHING, GENTS FURNISHING GOODS HATS,
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-01-12

MEDICAL ADVICE GIVEN GRATUITOUSIY AT
THE OFFICE.
Charging only for Medicine.
So Thankful for past liberal patronage would respect
fully announce to his friends and the public thatno pain
shall be spared to satisfy and merit the continuance of
theirconhdence and patronage, at the
ca S H d r L G STORE,
Corner of Main and Pine streets