, 1865-11-23


fiat stove plate, and sat down before the fire
to muse oScr IN Improvement In reaptus
machine Which he was building. Pretty soon
he saw the kettle r7brating on the stove
platc- Ills motion was continuous. At first
Le thought 1t ras caused By The wafer boiling,
bet taking or the lid he discovered that 1t
was moi boiling still TIC regular vibration
cont1nucd-Srowing stronger, If anything.
He then removed the kettle, when he ~dlscov-
cred In the bottom sand holt7 from which
tricklcd, slowly, drops Of wafer. This water
coming IN contact with the hot stoye.platc
WAS instantly converted Into ttsuperhcatcd
stcam." The explosion of the drop of wafer
produced the shock. or movement, observed
In the kettle. The immense power gcnerated
from 20 small u quantity Of water us single
drop, arrested the attention of the inventor,
and the question at once occurred to him,
why cannot this power, so vastly greater than
ordinary steam, be ntilizcds And to the sol
ution Of this problem he set himself at work
with IN energy aad perseverance that shows
bin 10 possess considerable Of the super-heat-
cd eteam principle In his OVID mental and ply
sical organism.
He looked oycr what authorities he could
end on Ire subject Of stean in It's various
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. in regard 10 super
heated steam. He found that while Its power
was recognized md defined, yer Its employ
mcnt was not considered either safe or Geo.
ncmical; and, inleed, that little. headway
lnd ever been made toward It's Introduction
ns amotor.
After few months search and reflection,
he built an experimental model, TO test m
idtn tiat had struck him, md to bis great
satisfaction be tound It's performance equal to
all he had hoped for, and it, safety perfectly
demorstrable. After making series of ex-
pcrimepts on his little machine, continually
applying Improvements TINT suggested them
selves, lie at length resolved to try the. new
invention on lorger scale, and the result Is
witnessed in the engine now In operation
nt No. 90 West Lake street. built for lin by
the Vulcan works Of this city last spring.
There may be seen ilre horse power engine,
Ct i've inch cylinder and eight Inch stroke,
doing twelve TO fifteen horse power work, In
grinding corp, with consumption Of one
lalf the fuel OF IN ordinary engine doing the
same work. This engine is driven By steam,
super-heatcd from 500 to 600 degrees Falrcn-
hcit, though It may oc worked to advantage
at $50 degrees
Mr.. Danford,s boiler differs from the ordi-
nary boiler fu having no ,coter in N-nothiug
but highly rari1ed steam, which Is generated
as fast as consumed by the engine. Instead
. Of . boiler be calls III ttgcneratar." His gen.
orator consists Of hollow cast-iron globe or
large pot, oI inches thick, suspended In m
1difuary furnace : ~ pot or kettle
may be suspended orer the fire. There
it a casing TO enclose The A1c and
conduct 1t around the generator and up
the chimney. where b. the way, much caloric
is uEeless1y wasted An iron tube, made q
S!-,neh gas pipe, cnsczs the globe or
generator at the top, and is conducted down
to Its center, where it terminates in rose
sprinkler. perforated with forty or flfty
fine Adsas. By mems Of an injec:
tion pump, about q Tablespoonful
Of wntcr is forced into the Eenerator
as each stroke Of the pump, in kat form Of
s1,ray. This spray does not co1uc In contact
with the sides OF the generator, for before 1t
can reach that far it Is expanded into hot
steam No explosion Gun take place, because
there Is NO water III tie generator to explode.
The wafer .rcm the tube Is already exploded
on entering the generator; that is, 1t passes
instantarcously from the state OF spray Into
1hat Of super-hcated steam: No farther c1'
ruusion Is possible. II the sApes-heated
steam should separate into lis eoussltaen,
cuscs-oxyscn and hydrogcn-lhey would
| produce no greater pressure nor expansion.
The ecnerator which Alr. Danford L. ussne
\ is capable Of sustaining pressure Of 5,oI
pounds to the square inch, but The steam
| gauge shows that with COO degrees of hen,
| there is only 150 pounds Of pressure. Il /
the opinion Of Horstio Allen, of the Nove's,
I Works, Now York, that the generator is IN
necessarily thick, strong and hesyy, thousl
4 It weighs less than half as much as six-hoEs
power boiler filled with water. Nr. AllH
thinks that generator one luch thick, Of cas-
iron, Is IMPLY strong.
Recently Danford's machine wns testc
acninst fif,eeu-torse power engine with loco
motive 1ue boiler, cight-inch cylinder and fil
! tecn.fnch stroke. The same engineer attend
cd to each, and weighed tho coal and meas
| ured the wntez. The trial lnsted three days
The work done Was grinding corn, and th
following was the result: "
| Futeen-hotee Danfnzth's Gen
| cpEtns ga1ssa and fsaros Saros snd s0an" ave-
I >%~'
Pstssurr per Incl. 20 1b.. III n:
Coal cQpsumel per hopr.l01h bs. 53H ms.
Water c1sporated Q hr.. 90 gals. zsgals.
Com ground per hour. Is bu. " bu'
| These figures tell their own story With On
fourteenth part Of the fire surface, thirty -thre
per cent more labor was done BY Danford'
little generator, than WIS accomplished BY
fttecn-horfe locomotive boiler, and that too
with one half the consumption Of fuel. Dan
fori's generator actually goi twenty hors
power work out Of TN engine buiit for flr
or six horse power boiler Twenty-Five gal
Ions Of water IN the form Of super-heate'
steam proved 10 be th{rty ty-thrce per cent NOR
powerful than eighty gallons Of water In tn
shape Of saturated steam. In other words
one gallon Of water IN the condition Of cdr
steam ~ is equal in efficient power to uearl!
firc gallons In the condition Of "wct stcam.'
Consider the tremendous power super. .heatel
steam would give to Hycr or oceaa steamer
4 fire hundred horse power engine as nov
rated could be made to exert two thousant
horse power Of force at;ainst the waFos, wind
or currents. May not The Atlantic yft .
week, by vessels propelled by super heatet
stcamy Ne look Tor such result when th
new principle Of generating steam allau b
applied 10 ocean navigation.
Nhcn III degrees OF heat are appaed y
: water 1t boils, and Is converted into steam
Steam ut e1e degrees Inns tension or pressur
, equal to one atmosphere, OF nearly fftec
pounds to the square inch. Water In stear
ii 9la degrees. expands l,Gso times Its ow7
bulk. That Il TO say, one cubic Inch Ct w4te
| produces ono cubic foot Of steam ut si2 dee
a opantity Of atcr confined In vessel whe
;; heated 10 The boiling point, presses ngains
I the sides Of tho boiler with . force of t3flee
pounds to the inch, OF equal to the pfessut
Of one atmosphere at the sea level Til
; pressure increases very rapidly as addinons
: feasions1 % II readers % some idea Of It, We prrscr
, l the following tables
urA7-rnEssUHE TO 1Scu SURFACE.
: e1qd II ~ ms v,ncssurc Or /. Atmosphere.