, 1865-04-30
G'n4E 4.EsEEUH1 EN- OF TRdE
SDJEAWES1 !.
Their Condition aud prnspeqts-Letstr
from III. ~. Cobb.

t----.--.
Editor Chicago Tribune:
/ find u vacuity in my report respecting the
Getdnlep in the Southern .f.ld I lately visit
I'd, {e+.0sa communications having been lost
II sact:i:y that covers an iulpor tant part ul
the field. Il refer to Cot. Eaton's departm nit,
Which il that al Wrst Tenntss6-, Arknr5! l.,
md II down The Miss ss:ppi r ;ver to Mitch z,
l:oi. Ea'0n has supeti1tendcu the f<erlM-n
III Ills vide :a:A NOW f,r over two years.
orfllt Is, ,UG1 are under his care. HI has in
charge system that is working Well, so tAr
US the Cow rntl1en. aids lin III Carrying i.
out.
In cve:y. loc~ ~1ity therc is Il local supcrin-
tendent and sufficient helpers to p.oper(Y
care ior the ltuple. THEN there is N ldicil
utlnrttEtlt ano ami au educat.0ual ons. All
Wis, cat Bnrp"rt themselves receive cett.-
tcate to 1hat .dsct, und chnose th ir location
and employment. their employers are NJ
4u:Isd to treat them kindly snd pay thc.n Is
on he crop for their pay. Ltcal Provost
Narehul6 are empowered to secure 10 the
labt'le: his just dues.
ibosc NOT able to sustain themselves a~e
nnt en- G.v.rUment farms, call~d "Home
Fa! ms where they receive fati ,ns, and arc
chltd t.H, H. best they Call he, by thu limited
su1ll !, that Government rs yet gives them,
u d BY Freedmen's Aid Societies.. So FIR US
ubit, lhry a;e exptct- 10 iabor on these
1a,l's Little out from eath settlement be
aims ut having one Of these farms, which is
someibluS Ike our Northern county poor
huusse. Its very ex's 'stenc.: stinltla es to self:
support. They dread go:n. to the Home
Farm; still these tarns are generally plr.-
aut, rive the misernb { - quar:ers'' thsv build
tor themselves out vi such lna erials Is they
ean ub aln. Often on the hare ground they
11Ms' on'y shut nut! III auu roorly Covered By these
Here 10 "he1e the greatest d:stitutton Is
ioGud. lhe Inmates are thinly clad, ard in
sngs. us q general thing: Here is where
III. dmen's societies render inpo laut nd.
sonlr til cen ot oul boxes helped TO one Of
tbtse :uil1s, when Was at Little R1cS. Let
donoIs; know that their suppuss d reach
,h.ir Csstina; lou and arc thankfully rcsciyed.
In reps atsd INSTANCES ~us tod by crowds
| IT freedmen, 10 tell their N.'f:hcra fllends
aud ''euefactors that they thanked them very
Mllch toi their aids.
ioubd many orphans In Col. Els depart
m. Ct. We are starting asylu1us at tl.tfe. cut
plAc. E. Cover pment does but ye.y little for
| II ~. as3 lb1ns save to fu nish some se.:csh
buildings. We have a noble large building
! thus g,unted the n. ". Frc.dmen's Aid
| good work. Wh9 viii help to send tue need.
lul to ths se poor destitute children?
| TLerr Aic great many very needy ones
! tlat port selt.suppo1t 10 save being carried
/ 10 ttc nome iaruls. For these oue teach.Fs
lnre to supply :lothins. Many Of them s:ro
| lluA4E3* AAE} ~ NEL kuEl(
| da ly bread somehow, such as It Is, TIL Sc
Thar are OIL plantations, tlut arc working for
wages, or are lcss.es, are generally doing
n.uch brtter. Some Of these pot only sun
! p'rt themselves, hut are b,ginniog to a.cu-
mu'ate. With p:oper Protection aud
ctai'cc Oh the laud, which is not yet, th.,ir
! prospects wou!d BE- very hopeful. Mlny are
sLfp:rttpg themselves by cutting w.rol On
tle islalds for STEAMBOATS,. Tue great rive,
is NV be'rg lineu with these wooa-rh sppers
= liz L aud women. They and the black les
s'cs a'e Proud to tell yuu, We cln take car
NJ nssfhr>." and ill hut The worn out oues
ac wont to say tie sltne THUG. ii the guc,-
urd h. lp - u.ahe Start.
| Ftctdm'h's storts ave he ng Introduced.
! Whe;e thcy Gun br, by those VIII, are mot al
l; IT, i Ia n,ahel more than twenty-five 10 th,--
ty-' h1et per cent. Thee s:oes are a>uut
| tlscr times cheaper than other stores and
a-r efstrv'dy y pular with tae freedmen.
thus tlsy are sAscc much imposition. Tucy
! atr now ttstectlng the marriage ielatloa
more Than under the old system. They are
required to be r..1na1rird accordin:, to tue
lu"s VI #. edoul, - for no man to pat usun-
dr. The slay,s' chan.clbie .tl,e> are
fixed, snd their marriages properly re:ordrd&
| At one time, 1T Little Revk, L ~ttncsscd
twcti. -ofe couples married in one slay.
Sclto.s arc being started at every prnmi
ntnl placc.city, town mud home furn. as
! 1ai as Inssis'le. These ure not sustained by
| ,,1lp;lc tax, as in tut Gull Deea -im"nt. No
otEyr Central but Banks h ~ assumed tbs
| authority. Those able. in Colonel Eaton's
| dttllr.urn+. poy 81 month for tuit. IN.
| These not abtc have it fee. The Freedm"n's
AM ;cisty secures the teachers aud sces to
| their faY. s., tat as they are sustained by
the 1n,.-rv handtA in, so much is deducted
i."m thtir s,-:Iary. The residue We ma&c np.
Seme p.uces ne doing nobly tnwa d sustain
ing Their schools. they ara Of en- willing to
p,Se ticr last dime to lI.- lI-nlsh educ.::tion TO
their children. They will ~ in rigs aud llso
in lors1e to do it. Wbere c.n a ssErad.d
leoplc bv found anxious to obtain an cltl-
<att'n n? They mag hc said to .hunsee tor
knowledge snu lift up their yo'css 'or under
et.bdloE." One hundred and twenty teach
eFs Z daily giving instruction to abput
| e.yt tht.nsnhd pupils, N this depl-t
| o. fre.e, there nrc tw.n y-seven t. +chers md
1,Coo tur!ls at Memphis, and twenty: teach
are ut IIcl+na, Pine Bluh, Little Rick, Dlvis
| lend, Natchez and other places OF less size,
| Most Of these 81 b: 0ls haye heen 90 ne less
I than year, yet about oue-ha,f are Tea :lug ia
lin re'det. Some aIe making most .e-
ma: H.. bfe progress.
h'' IN uiind, that l haze alluded to those
hest lrtSd.t Iof funny OF wb ch VIZ are q W
getting ttf ttnm the hsnds Of charity. There
air tcs dcs these vast numbers, in retired
LIN cs, lynC IN the mos, hn,nblc IN .nntr.
el',th.d IN rugs. und sorrly pressed to ret
the ~h.rewi't 10 live, who still rejoice in
.hrir 'ttcoon. AID srye for selr supao
hut should Le encouraged BY some aid. ADD
to this The vast field in Missouri and kaus4s
l"w ealing for our2sststancc, and Kentucky
jEst now opening 10 the school to che
alntpg the hlacss--.al Of Tennessee, Ala
lanlu and Mississippi jnst opening By our
late yict' rlcs. N'hrn We see all this wide
field white for the harvest, and looking to
cur Wcst'rn societies mainly tor supplies
and the living .caches, VIC can sc som thing
|, OF the magnitud. Of 1he NO L. VINO cad
not see the importance Of occupying t.ls
field at once t0r tie coed Of this peoples
Lei n! ne, tlcn, y nder Il We urgently p1e&s
nvld back or wait for an agent to call. Let
uone slackcn in zeal md lioerality white tue
call is daily nl"se aud more gent. Tho
Treasurer Of the Northwestern Freedmcn's
Aid Commission. will thankfully receive
moneys and boxes Of supplies Tor this great
object. Fl. ". Conn.
Arapf IT e