The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1865-09-30
Part First.
4 EXTRACTION o. NE JTICE.

/ EXTRACTION OF THE JUICE.
The cause Of the L. 70 considerable loss incurred
for q long time in II sugar msuut4cture Of this
colony, has been lldJubtedly the insufficient
D @er OF means en- alJyed 20 crush the canes.
The first mills ussd insisted OF three rolls placed
upright. operated - daft animals, and the
motion communicate 70 them through a system
Of cogged gear. IHe first Improvement upon
that System Is clumsy a. defective, has been the
employment Of 4 force more regular and efficient
furnished by the action Of wind or water. Soon
after steam was employed 70 drive the mills, at
the same time all the mill work underwent i'm
prDvements that enabled them U do their work
with q power and precision till then unknown.
However the fret mills Of this kind introduced
were far from being perfect irregularity and too
much speed was given 10 the machinery as well
a. insufficient strength u some of It's parts, limit
ing the power 10 such a degree that they were
able TO extract n weight of juice equal only 10
IS or SO per cent. of that OF the cane. Later,
more perfectly constructed machinery and moved
With q foEce in Proportion TO the resistance TO
overcome have brought true progress III their
train. To this Improvement is due an increase Of
about % Per cent. Of juice. Numerous expert
uents have been made outside of this colony in
order 10 etermiue the quantity of juice that
could be on an average extracted from cane by
mills actually in use at the sugar factories. 1t
appears 70 me important to repeat here these ex-
periments, for one cannot add too great an i'm
portsnce to the results of the first step TO be
taken IN the management Oh our InlflS We are
able u forsee In this cOnnexiOn the notable differ
ence resulting not only from the perfection more
or less great from the mills used, but also the
manner IN which they were operated. as well as
the nature and age of the canes manipulated.
Large mills. in order to do their work in q
suitable manner, require to be fed with a large
quantity Of canes. Besides they must be the
object OF 4 very particular surveillance, which,
unhappily, is not easily obtained. | have seen
some Of these powerful machines moved by a
nominal Of sixty and eighty horse power of steam,
and produce no greater effect than one Of three
VI four times less power, and give only 50 per
cent. of juice to the weight Of cane ground. The
result, whatever may be the force used, will de-
pend essentially upon the manner in which the
pressure shall be directed, and often also this
power will not be regularly executed. We will not
withdraw any of these powerful mills from use
which we have actually pat down, since one Of
the advantages they present Is To grind daily the
greatest quantity OF canes.
One will be little disposed TO admit that mills
otherwise perfectly conducted, obtain sometimes
by means of strong and expensive engines a result
only equal, or scarcely superior, to that realized
from mills of much less power. Every attentive
observer who will visit the sugar factories of this
colony Will recognize the business of this observa-
ton, he will be astonished to see the little care
generally brought TO this part of the work, and
however little he examines the bagasse escaping
the cylinders, he will likely find it often impreg-
mated with n quantity OF liquid equal u half
iJROlklcl Oh tue Juice extracted. Let us hasten
10 add that the work is done in a different man
ner at some establishments where the power EN-
plOyed corresponds with the machinery.
In q general view the product which can be
furnished by the perfected mills which one finds
erected on most Of the large estates may be es-
timated ut 10 per cent. of the Juice contained in
the cane, say 4 of the liquid To extract. The
species OK cane worked and the resistance it pre-
sents, necessarily alters the figures. the extremes
OF which are, according to my experience, from
60 to "a per cent.
OF all the canes most easily crushed and which
contain the greatest quantity of juice is that
called BellOuguet or Java Violet, after that come
in order the Diar6 Tahiti, Penang, Guinghan
and the Bambou.
The method followed TO ascertain the result n
mill can give Is - weigh first the canes TO be
experimental upon, then the juice or bagaSse after
RAISING the mill. This method is allowable on
account of the enormous quantity of matter ne
csssary to weigh, though 1T does not present those
conditions of exactness with witch all such ex-
periments ought to be surrounded. There is con-
siderable difference in the figures arrived at by
different authors of these experiments.
/ shall propose a much more simple method
which viii permit the undertaking of these ex-
periments without being obliged 10 take account
of great weights and without being oblige to
give one's-self the trouble TO collect large quanti-
ties of cane for the purpose. As q preliminary
experience it Will suffice 10 knOlO the quantity Of
kgHeORS matter, per cent, contained IN the canes
20 DC eAEeEIlehtSI upon OF VI WHICH you WISH
10 determine the product. This once established,
take i certain quantity of moist bagasse, right
from the mill, say $50 grammes Is lbs. troy y,
taking care 10 choose it in a state of compression
which represents an average result Of the rolls.
Then weigh the bagaSse and put it into q little
sack OF strong cloth IN order TO avoid all Interior
Ioss, or submit il 10 u rapid washing in tepid
water, then dry it at a stove and ascertain again
the weight The difference between the two
weights give the quantity of juice remaining in
sya .yaa md enpaarrranrIv aScaraI rha ,-.zy,-o
of the mill.
Let B=the weight of humid bagasse,
B-the weight of dry bagasse,
C=the ligneOus substance contained in 100
parts of the canes passed the mill
Then the formula = -B=the quantity of
juice extract Il OF bagasse furnished by the mill.
The nnanritE of clne. cnrrssnnndinr IN this samn