The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1865-05-05
Ths alanrosk geffersoaian,
90, 90 PER ANNUM IN ADV &NCE.
1Ae Manufacture OF Perfumes,

ai "
Among the popular lectures which
have been lately delivered in the Hor.
ticulturai Society, Mr.. Septimus Pies.
sc has given one on Perfumes and
the methods of obtaining the odors.'
The lecturer pointed ont that, con
srary to the general belief, nearly all
che perfumes derived from flowers
are not made by distillation, but by
the processesses of enluroge, or in.
towering, and by maceration or ia.
fusion. Tie udors.of flowers do not,
as q general rule, exist in them as a
store or la gland, but they are dc.
yelopca rs an exhalation. While the
dower breaths, it yields fragrance;
but kill the flower, and fragrance
ceases. IL has not been ascertained
when the discovery WAS made of con.
densing, IA il were, the breath of the
flower during life; what we know is.
that II a living flower I've placed near
TO butter, grease, animal fat, or oil,
these bodies absorb the ordor given
OF by the blossom, and in turn be-
come fragrant. Ii We spread fresh,
unsalted butter upon the inside of two
desert plates, and then fill one of the
pilates with gathered fragrant bios
SONS OF the clematis, covering them
over with the second creased plate,
we shall find that after twenty four
hours the grease has become fragrant.
The blossoms, though separated from
the parent stem, 10 not die Tor some
time, but live TO exhale odOr, which
is absorbed by the ftt. To remove
the odor from the fat, the fat must be
scraped off the plates put into the al.
cohol; the odor then leaves the greesel
and enters into the spirit, which thus
becomes scent and the grease again
becomes odorless. The flower far
mers of the Var follow precisely this
method on n very large scale. makingI
but little practical variation with
the flowers: rose, orange, acacia vic
let, jasmine, tuberose, and jonquil -
The commercial Importance of this
branch of perfumes may be indicated
by the quantity of flowers annually
grown in the district of Cannes. -.
Flower harvest--orange blossoms,
l,475, 900 lbs; roses, 500, 900; jasmins,
10000; violets, 10000, acacia, 49,
600; geranium, 10000; tuberose, "a,
900: jonquil, 5000. The quantity
produced at Nice has not been ascer-
tanned; with violets and orange .here,
are more, but with acacia less than
here stated. The market season for
orange flowers at Nice lasts for more
than IA month, as an average, and du-
ring that time there are sold about
fifteen to eightoon tons Of flowers dai-
ly; and Ton of flowers will yield more
than q kilogramme of otto (say forty
ounces, worth f20 sterling, and the
residnary water highly saturated with
odor, is worth another fl0 note
A surface Of land, eqnaling an acre
of planting, yields hundred and
eighty or two hundred pounds weight
Of flowers, valued as an average, at
two francs the pound. Violets may
always be looked upon as an extra
crop, growing, as they do, under the
orange and lemon trees. The kind
grown is the double Parma. About
twenty-five tons weight of violet bios
soms are produced annually at Nice
In France the commerce in perfumes
has risen to the annual value Of f3,.
100000 sterling.