The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1865-12-07
PROTECTION VS.. FREE TRADE.
L@sters 20 4 m$~ican yeters.
NUMBER vi.


more familiar to the people of this country
than that of other European nations She
prohibited the articles competing with those
IF her own mapufactories-the silk and cot
ton goods of the East She preferred to use
the inferior and dearer goods produced by
her own aborers and to sell to the CONT
mental countries these cheap and more desi-
rabe goods; thus giving them the benefit
of that cheapness denied to her own consu.
mers. The English ministers deemed it
to establish, though at sacrifice
u durable manufacturing power. Her re-
strictive policy in her trade with her Amer
lean COLONIES, before the revolution, il
well known. Although the wisdom of some
of her measures may be questioned, if con
sidered even in reference to her own inter
est, yet il cannot be denied that her manu-
features and her shipping trade were estab
lished by protective duties upon foreign
goods and shipping. From statistics pub
lished few years since, it appears that she
produced cotton and silk goods TO the value
OF 970, 000,0 900 sterling, and sent large sup
plies to many other countries. She pro-
duced, not few hundred years ago, not
enough for domestic use, and deemed it nee
essary to prohibit its expectation. In the
present century, the iron and manufactures
of iron and steel produced in year has
reached in value 9l8,O00, 900. Silk goods
$40, 100000. The whole product Of her
manufacturing industry has been estimated
at 2l87, 600, 000 or about 5000, 100000.
In France, manufactures commerce, nav
igatioti, sud finances. were in greatly de-
IA
originated by Colbert, an eminent French
statesman, the nation became highly pros
porous BY a general system of duties, a
home market Was created, and manufactures
aud agriculture hourished Producers and
consumers were brought into easy coinmu-
nication. The export Of raw materials was
discouraged and by the development Of
manufacturing industry, the home demand
for agricultural productions was increased
But after the death Of Colbert, France re.
lapsed into her former policy. Her manu-
features were nearly destroyed. and she be
came the purchaser Of English manufactures
Napoleon partially revived the protectiv.
system; but with his downfall, and with
the return of peace in Eugl md and THU
country, British statesmen began to decry
tue protective policy. and to extol Adau
Smiths theory of tree trade, evidently witt
the intent to regain possession of the mar
kets of Europe and the United States for hel
manufactures .E- .e
France was induced to try the policy o.
free trade with England; but so disastrous
was it to her industry that she Was Obliged
to adopt the protective system, under which
we are Informed, her manufactures were
doubled between 1915 and 1927. From
1926 to 1885 her exports averaged about
500 900 900 francs; in 1856 they reached
1898 100000 francs-.having nearly quad
rupled
SPAN, once distinguished for the manu-
facture of WOODEN and certain other goods.
and having prior to the time of Colbert, sup
piled France with her fine cloths, suffered
her manufactures, aud, as necessary con
sequence, her commerce, to decay, and was
obliged to buy her manufactures abroad
with gold and silver No one familiar with
ter history will say she gained anything
by free trade. She soon dwindled into COIN
parative insigniicance.
Germany furnishes another striking ex-
ample Of the benefits Of the protective poll
~. With the exception of Austria and
Prussia which gave early encouragement to
agriculture and home manufactures, the
states Of the Germanic Confederation re-
manned for centuries under the the influence
of the free trade doctrine admitting manu-
features and other products from the very
countries from which German manufactures
We're excluded Under the continental
blockade of Napoleon, an impulse was Civ.
en- to German manufactures; but on the re
turn of peace. England Inundated the Ger.
man markets with her goods, at low prices
in accordance with her loug accustomed pol
icy. and with the declaration Of Mr. Brough
AIN made i'll Parliament in 1915 that Eng.
land could afford to incur some loss on the
export OF British goods for the purpose Of
destroying foreign manufactures In their
cradle" But, under the organization of the
ZoII Verin, Customs Union,) Germany has
become comparatively independent She
now manufactures her OVID wool, rags, &c,
instead of sending them to Great Britain,
and buying the cloth aud paper made from
them She now IMPORTS, instead of ex-
porting, raw materials and exports cloth ana
pnper. In 1851 her import of wool and
WOODEN yarn was 30 600 900 pounds, aud
her export of cloth. II 0OO 900 pounds. Her
import OF rags was 81, 900 900 pounds, and
her export Of paper $500 900 pounds. Ia
1910 her coal mines yielded 100000 tons;
III 1854, $4,000, 900. The product of her
bar iron was rs 0G0 tons; in 1850, 2OU 600
tons. and Of pig iron, 600, 900 tons.
Russia affords another example of the
heiIetits of the domestic policy. But the
limits prescribed to this article forbid par
tIcular description of her policy
Suffice 1t to say, she tried both systems and
with results similar to those of the expert
ments Of the other countries mentioned -
Compelled to adopt perinauant protective
policy, capital, talent and labor came in
from abroad; manufactures were establish
tt; the production OF wool rapidly Increased;
commercial revuIsiOns came to All end, and
ltlhsla Is now advancing in wealth and
power.
The foregoing example in connection
with our own experience, would seem suffi-
Client to convince any uuprt,j u0iced mind of
the expectancy of the industrial system
which las been advocated in these numbers
here is however one kind of free trade,
" hcii Is desirable ! mean the trad be-
tween tie States. Mr. Carey in one of his
ietirrs tn President Buchanan, cites a remark
Of the latter made a few years previously, as
follows:
. ir'rty-one independent States enjoying
'"u-shh 'dVa"tHee~, arr naturally engaged iu
> re 'ra'e vii, each "tner. That is The ee
az s. WI :"
10 this the friends of protection most cor
italy respond. Some States are favorable
to tie production Of cotton, rice and tobacco;
s'ane of sugar. others IF wheat. grass &c.
and spu'e abpnri =, I'll coal and irci. Eua
BIZ, the people Of Pefnsy lv,niia Illinois and
Missouri to develop their vast deposits of
ron aud coal, and ,ron and other niarufac-
ures would descend the Mississippi, and be
Exchanged for cotton and sugar. There
would he = general Interchange Of co,mno
iities between tine States. Internal COM
TIerce, far more profitable than foreign.
\ ouid he increased. without essentially d.
tine latter the era of commercial
evuisons and financial crises would cease,