Daily State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis, Ind.) 1861-1865, 1865-07-22

Thsfe IL this Distinction between cssh an9
mlllt.ry rule. which cannot be too much revolved
AZ this time. that the one 10 almost erclusively
the government Of lss. and the other the govern
meat Just a. exclusively offorce; that they spring
out Of different social exgencies. land are inien
del for quite different ends. IL Is true that
great deal OF Law exists IN the military orgsnizl
ton, IL has its pgnciplea ia regulations. "a III
bupals. is processes and IL Sentences; and u y
no less true that there i great deal of force IN
the civil Organization. which has is catchpoles,
aud SHERIFF., and police officers. and dungeons,
and scaifolds; bet the characteristic features oil
the two forms respectively are nevertheless Nhas
ue have avered; on the one side io'ce--on Tue
other Law.
Miiitary rule is the rule that is instituted TO
NEE, those vioenees on tho part Of the refractory
members of society. which go beyond a mere
disobedience or infraction Of law. and proceed TO
open resistance. IL Is necessarily enforced Dy
means Of arms. The design Of IL IL 60 subdue
an armed opposition, and IL must be, therefore
prompt. iraighiiorwsrd powerful ahd despots
A hostility 10 the public order. which disputes -
supremacy by powder and cannon balls, =
dom OF never 10 be reasoned with; % mus. oe
encountered With the weapons Of its own epeles'
II mus. be sezed by the strong band aDu e'usne"
Bot With lhs civil rule IL is quite othef"ise ips'
10 Instituted not 90 mach to suppress as 10 en-
courage. its suppressions OF crime are ratntr
incidental to II than is main purpose iot ~ seeks
,1eecure TO every individual oy preventing the
unjust inroads Of other individuals upon his no
ertx his eoual opportunity TO an unobstructed
enio, mmt Of all bis means OF happiness. A wise
civil poIicy. therefore, inesieres as little pos
.bls with the freedom Of its subjects. Ii allows
the largest liberty OF action not incompatible
with similar liberty in All; II does not discipline
men in the manner Of the drill sergeant; it does
not seek to make them so many cog wheels or
springs in a mere machine; il does not ietter and
crsmp, and restrain them; IL does not impose
upon them its own arbitrary habits, or opinions.
or spirits; but IL delights in freedom rather oven
to the verge of license il surgenders men 20 their
own discretion aud seit-governmeEt is teaches
them to control. develop and Improve themselyes
by the sctusl exercise OF thelf faculties and
judgments.
lie mana cement are that the one is apt 90 be
numb and belttle the persons who are subjected
to is, while the other enlarges and expands them
and promotes their growth In every direction.
Any ono who has Travelled through the Venetian
and other provinces Of Austria. where military
rule ia largely. il not wholly ia the ascendant,
must have observed Is depressing baneinl effects
upon every interest Of society. BE must have
seen the feeble and creeping industry, the poor
methods Of cultivation. the abandoned helds anc
the stagnant towns. the cTantive and even ab-
jet demsanor OF the people. and in shorlhe ar
rest and paralysis of nearly all the greae-springs
of social movement, and the absence Of nearly all
the substantial, solid. noble and satisfactory re
suits and solaces of an advancing civilization
Everything seems TO be mean, incident, decrepit
On the other band, whoever compares this con
diton of things with that Of nations which rely
for order and success upon civil laws. which cul-
tivate the freedom OF their people, will az once
remark the superior thrift, the more active
genial and varied labor, the higher culture and
refinement tho greater eontentment and ready
acqaiescence in the demands OF society, and the
more manly, direct, upright and kindly DISPOSE
ton of the masses. In other words, military
rule, because il is dospotic or the rule of force
withers what 1t IA intended TO project X main
tins order. but il does so At the expense of hu-
mainly. Civil rule is often inefficient, and some
times scarcely rule a; all, but under il we get
al expansion. and growth OF humanity.
With these differences in the nature aud inhu-
enco of the two sorts of government, il would
seem to be incredible that any intelligent person
should desire the continuance of military rule iu
any part OF this country longer than it is abso-
luteiv needed TO keep down revolt. As a regi
men for state OF peace. It is aonstrous. and all
ts means and instrn ments, its courts, Us disci-
pine, all ought 10 be abandoned az soon as
peace is certainly established. Our eminent mil
itary men, we arc glad to see. together with the
large body of their subordinate officers, have
accepted this view of things. Gen. Grant
had scarcely achieved bis fnsl battle
when, without waiting c7cn to visit Rich
mond, he began to break up the whole
military organizi alton. Gen. sherman, in receiv
ing the frs. captulation Of Johnston. was nc
less eager to get rid of the whole military bu-
siness, and has ever since been an earnest
preacher of peace. He deprccstes with all hi,
heart ell the military tribunals and Courts Mar
tial which are still foolishly kept up as if the
war had not ceased. The same spirit pervades
nearly all who have had practical experience
Of the war, and who have left the inside more
intimate operations of the military system They
gladly return to civil justice and tranquility and
progress and they desire to see the whole coun
try return to il as rapidly 80 the public safety
will permit. Beyond the simple fact of holding
uneasy, trcacherous, violent men to their duty Of
submission to the laws, which is the original and
sole purpose of military rule. they would have
no more of it; for, like everything else good ana
useful in its place, when il has answered is ends
il ought to cease.
Some of our politicians ere not so wise A.
these experienced soldiers. They would have
the military rule continued over the whole South
ern country, not because there is need of il &c
keep down the insurrection, not because the
armed violence has not everywhere subsidized
litical designs. preliminary 20 resumption o
the old political ties Or, in palmer languag,
than this, they wish TO the military arm tC
impose opinions, sentiments, laws, which is tn,
| most despotic use that can be made Of force.
greater mistake, 10 say the least of il. could no
be committed. lt Is 20 postpone ignorAntly tn,
very object many of them aim at, which s th,
regeneration of the social system as we'll as o
the moral convictions of the South. Keep lh
people whom you have defeated In subjugation
and you keep them sullen, Disconnected and de
spairing. you discourage oil movement and en-
terprise; you deepen and indurste all their OLE
enmities, In word, you embtter their rsncor
while you smite their energies. But grant tho
same people, under few aud necessary re
straints, all the benefits of a LIBERAL aud en-
lightened policy. and YOU reverse the effect: yot
call forth their ambition, their activity and thei
skill, and you soften their preiudices until Ia,
old love Of kindred aud fellowship insensibly re
turns.
Tho Democratic Party and the Il q.
publican Party-W hich IN stronger
The Times Is endeavoring TO comfort its at
tlcied and downcast brethren of the Republican
party, which. as all men see, is splitting into fac
tons on the reconstruction question, on the ne
gro-sutfrage question. aud on the civil liberty
question. with the ridiculous idea that the Dem
ocratic party vas shattered in the last November
conflict"
The Democratic party il now divided by No
question as to what things make for peace, con
tlnued war, o. an amnesty. because peace ha.
come by continued wsr. That issue is dead