The Newberry herald. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1865-1884, 1865-12-20

as. to fall most heavily on articles Of luxury,
leaving the neceSSaries Of life as free from
taxation as the absolute wants Of tn" Govern
nent, economically administered, will Justify.
No favored class should demand freedom
from assessment, and the taxes should be SO
distributed as not to fall unduIy on the poor
but rather, on the accumulated wealth of the
country We should lock at the national
debt just as it iS-not as a national blessing,
but IS heavy burden on the industry O. lHe
country, to be disc 5arged without unnecessary
delay.
It's estimated By the Secretary Of the
Treasury, that the expenditures for the fiscal
year ending the 30th Of June, l66J, viii cX-
ceed the receipts lI2, ,l94,+97. 1t is gr&t!!r-
ing, however, to state that it IS also estimated
that the revenue for the year ending the 3O'h
of june, 1867 will exceed The expenditures
in tie sum of Sill, ,6S2, ,Sl8. This amount, or
50 much as may be deemed sufficient for the
purpose, may be applied to the reduction OF
the public debt, which, on the 3lst day OF
October, 1865, was S2,740, ,o54,75O. Every
reduction will diminish the fetal amount OF
interest to be paid, ane so enlarge the means
Of still further reductions, until the whole
shall be liquidated; and this, as will be seen
fram the estimates of the Secretary OF the
Treasury, may be accomplished by annual
payments even withen period not exceeding
1hirtv years have faith that VIC shall do
all this within a reasonable time; that as we
have amazed the world by the suppression Of
q civil war whilh was thought to be beyond
control of any Government, so we shall equal,
" show the superiority of our institutions by
the prompt and faithful discharge Of our ma
tional obligations.
The Department of Agriculture, under its
present direction, is accomplishing much IN
developing and utilizing the vast agricultural
capabilities Of the country, and for lniorma-
tion respecting the details of its management,
reference is made to the annual report OF the
Commissioner
have dwelt thus fully on our domestic af-
fairs because of their tranScendant Importance.
Under any circumstances, our great exten' OF
territory and variety of climate producing
almost everything that is necessary for the
wants, and even the comforts OF man, makes
us singularly independent Of the varying pol
lev of foreign powers, and protect US against
every temptation to "entanghng alliances;
while at the present moment the recstab>h-
.
against "nations who feel power and forget
right" for myself, it has been and 1t will be
my constant aim to promote peace and amlty
with ali foreign nations and powers; ana |
have every reason to believe that they all,
without exception, are animated by the same
disposition. Our relations with the Emperor
of China, so recent in their origin, are most
friendly. Our commerce with his domlnlonS
is receiving new Developments; and 1t IS very
pleasing to find that the Government OF that
great Empire manifeSts satisfaction with our
policy, and reposcs just confidence III The talr-
ness which marks our intercourse. Ihc IN
broken harmony between the United States
and the Emperor Of Russia Is receiving new
support from an enterprise designed to carry
telegraph lines across the continent OF Asia,
through his domiuions, and SO to connect US
with all Europe by new channel OF inter
course. Our commerce with South America
is about to receive encouragement by direct
line of mail steamships to the rising Empire
of Brazil The distinguished party Of men of
science who have recently left our country to
make scientific exploration Of the natural
history and rivers and mountain ranges OF
that region, have received from the Emperor
that generous welcome which was to have
been expected from his constant friendship for
the United States, and his we'll know zeal IN
promoting the advancement of know'~' ,e. a
hope is entertained that our commerce with
the rich and populous countries that border
the Mediterranean Sea may be largely m
creased. Nothing will be wanting, on the
part of this Government, to extend the pro-
lection of our flag over the enterprise OF our
fellow citizens. We receive from the powers
of that region assurances Of good will ;and 1t
is worthy of note that special envoy has
brought US messages of coincidence on the
death of four late Chief Magistrate from the
Bey of Tunis, whose rule inclp&es the old do
minion of Carthage, on the At. Man coast
Our domestic contest, now happily ended,
has left some traces in our relations with one
at least of the great maritime powers The
formal accordance of belligerent rights to the
insuTeent States was unprecedented, and has
not been justified by the issue. But in the
systems Of neutrality pursued by the powers
which made that concession, there wasa mark
difference The materials of war for the in
surgeant States were furnished, in a great
measure, from the workshops of Great Brit
ain and British ships, manned by British
subjects, and prepared for receiving British
aTulaulSHLS, SdiISO lIOtI PO4 - VA N''S"S
Britain, to make war o. American commerce,
under shelter of commission from the insur-
gent States. Those ships, having once cS-
capped from British ports, ever afterwards en-
tered them in every part Of the world, to re-
fit, and so to renew their depredations. The
consequences of this conduct were most di-
sastrous to the States then in rebellion, i'll
creasing their desolation and misery by the
prolongation of our civil contest 1t had,
moreover, the effect, to good extent, to
drive the American flag from the sea, and to
transfer much of our shipping and our COM
merce to the very power whose subjects had
created the necessity for such change. These
events took place before was called to the
administration of thcGovcrnment, The sincere
desire for peace by which am animated, led
me to approve the proposal, already made, to
submit the questions which had thus arisen
between the countries to arbitration. These
questions are of such moment that they must
have commanded the attention Of the great
powers, and are so interviewer with the peace
and interests Of every one Of them as to have
insured an Impartial decision. regret to in
form you that Great Britain declined the ar