The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1865-12-07

IuLlre "nlcn IL sure 10 ne laden for them
with greater prosperity than has ever be-
fore been known The removal of the mon
poly of slave labor is pledge that those
regions will be peopled by numerous aud
snterprising population, which will vie with
any i'll the Union in compactness. inventive
genius wealth aud industry.
Our Government springs from and was
made for the pseple-not the people for the
Government To them it owes allegiance
from them it must derive its courage.
streugth,aud wisdom But. while the Gov
ernunent il thus bound to defer to the peo
pie, from whom it derives it's existence it
should. from the very consideration of it's
1rigin be strong in its power of resistance
10 the establishment of inequalities Mon
ppolies, perpetuities, aud class legislation
are contrary to the genius of free govern
'nent' and ought not to he allowed Here,
there is no room for favored classes or mon
Ipoles, the principle of our Government lie
ciiat Of equal laws aud freedom of Industry
Wherever monopoly attains a foothold, it
is sure to be source Of danger, discord ana
trouble. We shall but fulfill our duties as
legislators by according equal and exact
justice to all men," special privileges to
uone. The Government is subordinate to
the people; but, as the agent and represen
tative of the people, it must be held SUPERB
OF to lnonopolies, which, in themselves,
ought never to he granted, and which, where
they exist, must he subordinate and yield
10 the Government.
The Constitution confars on Congress the
right to regulate commerce among the sew
tral States. 1t 10 Of the first necessity, fol
TIE maintenance OF the Union. that com
'lerce should he free and uuobstructed. NJ
State can be justiti, in any device to tax
| the transit Of travel aud commerce between
the States The position of many States ia
such that if they were allowed to take All
| vantage Of il for purposes of local revenue
the commerce betw eet States might be inju
| iiousiy burdened, or even virtually prohlbI
ted 1t liz best. while the country is stil
young, and while the tendency to dangerous
nonopolies of this kind is still feeble, to us,
the power of Congress so az to prevent any
selfish impeachment to the free circulation O
men and mer, haudise. A tax ON trave
and merchandise, in their transit, cousti
tutes one of the worst forms of monopoly
and the evil is Increased if coupled with
denial of the choice of route When the vas
extent of our country is considered, it il
plain that every obstacle to the free circu
ialion of commerce between the States ough
to he sternly guarded against by appropri
ate legislation, within the limits Of the Con
sutton.
The report of the Secretary of the lutte
rior explains the condition of the public
lands tine transaction of the Patent Offic
and the Pension Bureau, the management
of our Indian affairs, the progress made j,
the construction of the Pacific Railroad, auC
furnishes information in reference to mat
tiers OF local interest iii the District of Co
umbia. 1t also presents evidence of tn,
Successful operation OF the Homestead Act
nude" the provisions of which l 100, SO;
acres of the public lands were entered du
ring the last fiscal year-more than one
| fourth Of the whole number of acres sold o
tLerw Use disposed of during that period. |
| IL ,stimated that the receipts derived from
this source are sufficient to cover the expen
deg Incident to the survey and disposal o
| the lands entered under this Act and tina
payments i'll cash 10 the extent Of from for
ty to fifty per cent will be made by settler
"ho may thus at any time acquire the IT'LL
before the expiration VI the period at which
It would otherwise vest The homestead
policy was established only after long ant
earnest resistance; experience proves it
vision The lands, i'll the hands Of indus
trious srtteIs whose labor creates wealth
and contributes to the United States NOR
/ than if they had been reserved as a snlitut
for future purchasers.
| The lanentable events of the last fOu
years aud the sacrifices made by the gal
liant men Of our Army and Navy hav'
swelled the records of the Pension Bureau
to an unprecedented extent On the 30tf
day of June last, the total number of pen
sioners was IS $50. requiring tor their an
nual pay. exclusive of expenses the sum 0
$S,023. 445 The number of application
that have been allowed since that date vii
require large increase of this amount 10
the next fiscal year. The means for the pay
nent of the stipends due. under existing
laws TO our disabled soldiers and sailors
and TO the families of such as have perishe,
in the service of the county, will no doub
he cheerfully and promptly granted. /
grateful people will not hesitate to sanction
any measures having for their object the re
lief of soldiers mutiated and families uad
f therIess III the efforts to preserve our ia
tionai existence.
! The report of the Postmaster General rep
rcsents an encouraging exhibit of the opera
tions of the Post Office Department during
the year The revenues Of the past veal
| from the loyal States alone exceeded tn
maximum annual receipts from all the State
previous to the rebellion, in the SUM Q
| Sc 038 09l; and the annual average increas
of revenue during the last four years i'nme
diately preceding the rebellion WAS 1888,
$40. The revenues of the last fiscal yea
amounted to $l4556, 15S and the expendi
lures to sic, 694, 728, leaving surplus O
receipts over expenditures of 1851, 430. Pro
gress has been made III restoring the posta
service in the Southern States The view
presented 10y the Postmaster General agains
the policy Of granting subsidies to ocear
mail steamship lines upon established routes
and in favor of continuing the present sys
tenn, which limits the compensation fol
ocean service to the postage earnings, art
recommended to the careful consideration O
Congress.
1t appears from the report of the Secreta
ry of the Navy, that While at the com
mencement of the present year, there wer,
III commission $50 vessels of all classes auC
descriptions armed with 5000 gus anc
manned by $1,000 men, the number of yes
sells at present in Commission is 1T, with
$50 guns and II, 1913 men. BY this prompt
reduction of the naval forces the expenses o.
the Government have been largely dimin
ished, ana humber of vessels. purchased
tor naval purposes from the merchant ma
rine have been returned TO the peaceful pnr
suits OF commerce. Since the suppression
Of active hostiIities our foreign squadrons
have been re-established and consist Of veg
sells much more .tficicnt than those employed
on similar service previous to the rebellion
The suggestions for the enlargement of tbs
navy yards aud especially for the establish
nlent Of one III fresh water for iron CLAD
vessels is deserving a consideration, as is al
so the recommendation for different Inca
ton and more ample grounds for the Nava
Academy
In the renort of the Secretary IF War 8