, 1865-08-03

ulB u1h1H. 4Ct La . atEu tAat aaulo Ae51o
afterwsrd In c1mp, transformed into q clear
headed ally Of our troops, lesdtng them 20
bis masters buried stores, or guiding them |
to tire tanks Of the enemy's Ines, with aa |
intelligence and steadness Of p1rppsa which
LEFT 70 doubt as to his understanding Of the !
conflict between himself aud his mas tier.
The daily snd hourly repetition Of proofs
OF thia fact. many Of them too subtle for de-
scription, bnt none the leas convincing to the
between Norman and Saxon, moi b.tween
Gaul and Frank, was there more conscious
hatred, Or an antagonism more likely to
prove lnyeterste, than between black and
white On our southera |soM. This negroes
VII have no sense Of cus!ty nor faith In
political rights; they Will fear them as Da-
f,aos doHa terentes.
What does history teach us IN regard to
the permanerce aud durability Of such pre1u-
dlcea and enual1ies OF rnce: Speaktng on
this subject. Aueustin ThieF15, In bis hfs-,
tory Of the Roman ConQulst, saYs: What
ever degree Of ter1l!or'a! unity the great mod
taincd whatever may be the community Of
manners, Language, and public feeling, which
the habit Of living under the same govern
ment, and In the came stage Of civilization,
has introduced among the inhabitants Of
each Of those States, there Is scarcely one Of
them which does not even now present living
traces Of the diversity Of the races Of men,
which In course Of time have come toSather
In 1t. THIS variety shows Itself under dldsr~
ent aspects, with features more Of less ma.k-
ed. Sometimes it Is complete separation
Of idtome, Of local traditions, Of political
sentiments, and sort Of Instructive cumlty
distinguishing from the great national mass
the population Of few small districts and
sometimes mere difference Of dialect or
Hx.E. Il ~ kt,r
the limit Of the settlements Of races Of map,
once thoroughly distinct and hostile to each
other.
dust stepping as ws arc from the battle.
field on which the descendants OF q com mon
ancestry, 50 little removed from us that wo
can literally reach back our hands to grasp
Ii1ose Of our common sires, have waged the
meat Tremendous and terrible Of modern
wsrs, It does not become as to argue that
erces which in former times wef6 settled BY
the sword but the memory Of the slmoss
pKeSent ~ we'll as the remote past calls upon
us to build our poltty solid1Y upon principles
which experience - well as reason prove to
le durable, Grd more than ever to avoid de-
luding ourselves with the cry Of spence,
peace, when there IL no ? ace p
II flf1een centuries Of common govern meut
aud political Unlon hare not been ahle to
oblIterate the distinctions and even the H.
stinctive enmltI" Of races which we're ply
elological!y similar, what encouragement
have We that SUCCESS will attend forced po-
Itical fusion Of bitterly hoatile races form
the snttpedes Of the human tarai1y9
Tho process By which eyen tho comparative
unity Of the English people WAS achieved, Is
described BY the ssme phiioaoph1c historian,
whom hare quoted, near the close Of his
great work, as " complete ama1samattou "
or the Norman aud Saxon idioms, and q
"ml1ture Of tho two races" which 1t took
four centuries Of sangutnaf! War to accom-
pllah.
Ar, during those weary years. Of war, I
hays pondsrsd this problem In tho intervals
Of strife OF BY hacamp fire at night, have
been more and more impelled to the belief
that tha only basis OF permanent nationality
IL to be found In complete homngenity Of
people, Of manners and Of laws. The rapid
fusion Of the 1aess Of Western Europe ~
they hayo mat upon our shores, has SECURED
the former Of theso requisites, and the Tau
kea race II adopt the eptthet ns an honorable
one} marked as It IL with salient charscteris-
tics, Is 80 complete an ana!gamotioa Of all
families from the eastern Boundary Of Ger
many to the western coast Of Ireland, that
thers ara fsw Of Us IL Those ye!na are not
ul1sd the blood Of &tYtrnl. Bat this nn-
happy rnce Of which We are speaking does
not am.lganat4 with the rest. It Is entirely
1mmatsrial why IT Is 50 the fact no one can
deny; nor can It be denied that its salvation
or Its destruction viii AutelY be worked out
In Its family isolation.
Because there could be no real unity Of pao-
ple between tba Southern whites and the
! Southern blacks, It saeras mauucst to me
that these cord ha no political unity, but
rather strife for the mastery, IN which the
one Or the othez must 90 to the wall; .
The struggle for supremacy would be d.
rect aud Immediate and rec no hope what
sYsr that the weaker race would not be re-
duced to hopeless subsection or utterly de-
strpysd. There Il no reason to suppose that
Missouri bordsr-rui1anlan could never b. re-
suRursted, the meTcitess war would continue
81 1org a. tha obnoAtoua race had an e1ist-
enes. Yon have expressed your antlclpa-
tiou Of such a1esult IN one state OF the cAse,
how Is It that you do not see that direct
struggle for power At the baltot-boI would
make the contest more deadly!
/ have watched With deep interest the edu-
cational effect Of the Har upon our own
army. and ASSURE yon that whilst our white
soldiers have uniformly and quickly learned
to appreciate the fact that the existence Of
our 1fes Government could only DC preserved
By the destruction Of the system OF slavery,
and 80 became radically aud thoronyhly anti,
slavery, the tendency for battling for the old
nag was almost equally uniform In Increasing
and deepening their pride, Of race. The iact
Is one which cannot s.fely be overlooked in
any calculation Involving their action upon
the political problems before the country,
hardly be mistaken,
Ths details Of any system Of separation
could only be determined BY careful study
aud vide comparison Of yie.s. Suppose,
however, that Without breaking up any or
tfesTitory in South Carolina, Georgia, Ala
hams and FloIid4, and there, under tha BOY
ereigntE OF the Q nttea States, and with all
the facilities which the power and wealth Of
the Government can give, We Organize the
fteedmen IN dependeney OF the Union anal
ogous to the Western Territories. Give
tEem schools, laws facilitating the acquire
meut Of homeeteads, to be paid for By their
arm labor, tull aud exclusive political pftTi-
! Ieges, aided 1t the start, should It seem ncc-
eesary, by wlse selection from the largest
brains and most phIlAuthropic hearts among
anti-elayety men, to join them. judiciary OF
dence In the first essays Of political existence
There uted be no coeTcive collection Of the
co1ored race In tbs designated region the
majority are there now, and the reward Of
political power would draw thlther tho r.
maindcr quite as rapidly as their Place could
States. The forts and seaport cities could
remain under the direct control Of thu Fed
| eraf Government as this basis for that com-
mon trade and intercourse with other parts
! of the country and the world, which would
| be necessary. The fullest opportunity to de-
ble Of, would then BE- given. Co!efed nsn Of
| talent and intelligence would not then make
| q rain struggle for the empty nau1e Of being
! LAWYERS without briefs, or merchants without
| trade, hut would haye what 3 leading Journal
| at the East has frequently demanded for
! them, the opportunity, as well 90 the right,
| to rank according to their real character and
ability.
That there are difficulties In the realiza-
| tScr Of such q plan shall be the first to ad-
| nit, but there are difficulties in al plans It
| is natural to men to struggle to avoid res
| possibility, and to drift upon the current,
s5g 70 :e but aDG @ao 5rtsa itae eaaa int3 .
wax which has cost half million Of lives
and untold millions OF money, should not
| need to be told Of It; and agree With Fou
that drifting will probably decide this MATHS
against the black race, and involve his d:s'
tructlon, while By leaving the labor Of tn.
South In the hands Of degrnded caste 1t Gu
tails upon the country the worst n9teriaa
effects Of slavcry, and prevents that homo.
renuit7 Of insttutlons and III 1nuers, North and
| South, which have said belleya TO be the
only sure foundation Of fpermanent peace;
The Anglo American and the -Aftco-
American races now stand face to face npon
the Southern soil In irleconcilable hostility
The fewlcoloredt tmen whom EeIhaye among q:
mas be regarded as the waiEa aud straya a
the great body which ia q nstlou in numbers
md IN its sso1stion By mental and phEslca
characteristics. It is as unit that We mus
deal With them. and no paltering With ths
edges Of the difficulty will avert the doon
which all history teaches rs Will follow
wrong solution,
have offered 1ids Us Of most Of tue dlMcul
tics in our way. It gives to tIs black MAJ
political rights srd franchises without oner
ous terms !; it reduces the representation
the Southern whites IN Congress to props
basis, their own numbers; 1t securss the pei
manent peace Of the G Governmeut and the al
lepiance of tie people to the only sure guar
nnty. w; that If common interest an
Identity Of institutions. What more ~oal'
Is worth while to consider that IN su:h
/ plan as have suggested, thsre Is tnat Wn.c