Washington telegraph., 1865-12-20

to perform It's offc 5. there is IN GRE need III
the general government should maintain all u
authority, and rs soon Is possible resume tn
exercise of all its functions, and on this pIiacI
/ pie have acted, and gradually and qfurhy
and by almost imperceptible steps, sought Z
restore the rightful energy of the general Gov
ernmrnt and that of the ; ates, and 10 that an
| Provisional Governors have icrn appointed 70
the States. Conventions called, ,GOyeInuis elect
ed, Legislatures s-mblud, AMI Senators ans
| Representatives chosen 10 The Congress Of tn
United States atthe same time the United state;
courts as far possible have been Restored, II
order that the laws might be enforced through
their agency. His policy of reconstruction lIf
knew Was attended with risk. lis success rrglir
ed the icqrie &C, nee If the states il concrns
and resumption Of their allegiance ani filnc
| tiOns a Stat Is OF the CONN on Union. Ilii:
risk must be taken. in the chai.cs al diinriiiir:
il is the smallest, anu 10 diminish. and II n.sSi
| bic remove all danger, the power ia PARTON
had been asserted. As no Sraie gan offend
treason, this power is rested exclusively IN the
Executive, and had been cautiously used The
Iext great step was an invitation to them to
participate in the amendment of ihe CoISiita
ton rendered necessary by thr abolition NJ sla
very In order to crafty the wish of every
patriot and grant genera, amnesty y there should
be perfect harmony between the late brlli-er
ents and the maintainance of the Union il sur-
I'd by the ratification Of the proposed am nd
ment So long a. its adoption is DELAYED, 50
ing will doubt, JEALOUSY and uncertainty pre-
vail. This measure will eiface Ia sad IN nOTy
Of the past, and call population, capital anG S.
curity to those States. and ii IN not much to
ask Of them this pledge Of loyalty, and until il
| is me, no matter now much it may b. desired,
the past can never br forgotten, and uncs- adopt
ID we are again reunited beyond all PnNrrs OF
disruption, and fellow citizens IF tile ; II te and
IN
zach Of you, ter yourselves, OF thr election
returns and qualifications Of your own mcm-
beTs.
He urges the early restoration Of the Circuit
Courts OF the United States within the South
ern states, in order that the laws may be en-
forced, as it is manifest, treason the Hfost fla
grant has been committed. The parties thus
charg.d should have faif and impartial
trial in order thst tn country AID the laws may
BE- fully vindicated, the truth clearly establish
ed ttai treason is crime that should be pun
ished the o!fense made infamous, ard the ques-
tion settled forever.
The ease OF the freedmen had engaged his
most serious consideration. 10 issue a procla-
nation granting universal suffrage would have
been an assumption Of power which nothing
in the Constitution or laws would have warren
ted The power belongs o tn. States alone.
Every danger OF conflict is thus avoided by al
lc+.inp each State to settle the question tor it.
self In his iudg ment the freedmen by pa
tience and an exhibition of manly virtues, will
sooner obtain this right through the States than
through the general GovtTnmrut even if il mad
the power to intervene But good faith requires
the security of the freedmen iii their iDerty,
their property, their right to labor and claim
their lust reward. He could not too strongly
urge the dispassionate treatment OF Ihis subject
H. opposed the forced removal and coloniza
ton OF he freedmen; let us rather encourage
them to honorable and useful industry where ii
may be bcnihciai 10 themselves and the cuun
tr. The publie interest would be best promo
ted if the several States would provide ad, qrsate
protection aud rcmedie, for the freedmen, AND
until this is done there can be no chance for the
advantageous use of their labor, and the blame
OF i'll success will not rest Oh them.
He predicts for the Gulf States glorious fu
ture when tn shall have b.'coms densely pop
Mated a. they doubtless will be, by emigra ion
| from the North, and the most densely popsla
ted countries of Europe
/ He was utterly opposed 10 2 tax upon th,
i transit or travel or commerce between States
and the power OF Congress should not be usec
, ia nreyent the free circulation of men and mer
chaudize. A tax upon which, constitutes one 81
| he worst forms OF monopolies. which is incrcas
ed if coupled with denial OF the choice O
ror,t+s This should be- st-Tnly guarded agains
I by appropriate Legislation wi.Iiin the limits D
|
The report Of the Secretary of the Interio
shows thr condition OF the Public Lands. the
I transactions of the Patent Office me Pension
Bureau. the managtmr mt Of cur Indian Affairs
ana tne progress OF The Pacifie Railroad, and
also the successful operation of the HOME teat
Act under which one million one hundred anS
sixty thousand FIVE hundred aud nily-tIrce acre
Of tie Public Lands were entered during III,
( Il c i year. during which more thsn one-foartl
atl .ti ~.
the receipts Ut these sales being sutncirnt I,
cover the exp-nses incident 10 the surveys an,
disr ,als of The lads On the ihirti.,th OF j nm
the number OF Pensions was ~, ,!i5a, TeqaIriIg
\ f,r thef annual pay, exclusive of their ox pen
SIS, 81, CO., AS. but owing to the large increas
OF applications much larger amount will b
required for the next fisca year.
| The report of the Post Master General pre-
sents an encouraging account Of the operation
7 OF that Department. The revenues Of pack
ages from the loyal States alone, greatly excee,
the receipts from all the States previous to tn
war in the sum OF S6.03S,Ull. The annua
Average increase of the Revenue of the fou
years preceding the rebellion was 80 ,533, ,745.
Progress has been made in restoring the pos
tai service in the Southern States, and urges tn
granting of subsidi-s Ocean Nail Steamship
lines upon established routes, and favors iii
continuance OF the present system of limitn
The report Of the Secretary Of the Nav
shows, that at the beginning of the preser
year, there were in commission $50 vessels q
all classes, armed with 5000 guns and manne
4 by 81 ,O0D men. The present number in cor
mission, is IL with S31 guns, aud II I21 mer
1t advocates the eIlugement of the Nav,
4 Yard and the establishment OF one in fresh wa
ter for the iron clads, aud also for a chang
of location, and the enlargement Of the Nays
Academy.
The report OF theSecretary Of War gives
general summary of the campaigns of 1854 an
565, and the operations of the q neral Admin
straiion Of the Bureau during the past yea
The whole National force ON the first of .ds,
1855, numbered l,UOu,5l Its proI ,ed TO i,
duce the military establishment TO a pace foo
ing, comprehending $4,000 troops OF all arm
organized SO as TO admit Of ali enlargement b
filing the ranks to $1,000, if circumstance
should requireit. Eight hundred thousand vo
unteers have been mustered out, and the wor
Of further reduction was b ing pushed lorwar,
The war estimate had been reduced from $5I6
240.I TO $33,Sl4.46l. -
The report OF the Secretary Of the Trcasur
shows in detail the operations Of that Bureau
and the estimates for the next fiscal year
The President urges the adoption Of goo
Revenue system, which, says he, is the lite Q
an organized governments; and referring to I'll
financial condition of the country says We mu:
aim at nothing less than a complete tfacemer
Of the financial evils that necessarily followe
state of civil war The "a lst remedy mu.
IL. a