davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19
NUMBER 21.
TEMPLE OF JUNO AT POMPEII

Mention was lately made of the discov-
ory made at Pompeii of temple of Juno,
with more than three hundred skeletons.
Those remains, which crumbed to dust by
degrees as they were brought to light, were
those of woman and children, who had been
buried beneath the burning ashes thrown
out by the volcano at the moment in which
a sacrifices was being offered up in the tenn
pie to the Queen of Gods, no doubt to
implore her to avert the terrible calamity
which menaced the city To the arm of one
of these skeletons, which, from the rich Jew
els with which it was covered, is supposed
to be that of the High Priestess, was still
attached by gold ring, censer of the
same metal filled with calcined perfumes
This vessel is of the form of those now used
in the ceremonies in the catholic churches,
and is of beautiful workmanship and in
laid with precious stones The statue of
the god-dress is ole of the most magnificent
relics yet found in that city; its eyes are
of enamel, and on the neck and arms, as
well as the ancles, are jewels and bracelets
Of precious stones of the most exquisite
finish and elegance of form. The peacock
placed at her side is almost entirely com
posed of precious stones. The tripod be-
fore the altar is like the censor held by the
High Priestess, magnificently worked gold
The temple also contained lamps artistically
chased, Of bronze, iron, silver and gold ;
branches Of foliage, vine-stems, interspers-
ed with flowers and fruit of the most beau
tifu form. The space around the altar is
paved with splendid mosaics in excellent
preservation, and the rest of the temple is
inlaid with small triangular blocks of white
and purple agate. The spot on which the
sacrifices was made is alone paved with
marble.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

OUR MISTAKES ABOUT EACH oTHER.-N OF
one man in ten thousand sees those with
whom he associates as they really are. If
the prayer of Burns were granted, and we
could all see ourselves as others see us,
our self estimates would in all probability
be much more erroneous than they now
are The truth is that we regard each
other through variety of lenses, no one
Of which is correct. Passion and prejudice
love and hate, benevolence and envy, spec
tacle our eyes, and utterly prevent us from
observing accurately. Many whom we
deem the porcelain of human clay are mere
dirt, still creator number of those we put
down in our "black books" are no further
off from heaven, and perchance little near
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19
THE sIROOOO.

t. A correspondent of one of the Paris pa
pers gives the following account of 81
rocco in Algiers:
Almost all the summer we have been
congratulating ourselves on the coolness of
the season, and when letters from France
complained of the heat, we recommended
our friends to come to Algiers for fresh air
But we reckoned without our host-the ST.
| rocco; and now that has come with a veng
ance. 1t was prefaced by a tremendous
thunder storm, which broke the windows,
and reused the population from their beds
An hour later, all was calm but the old
colonists knew what was coming, and sure
enough, next day the sky assumed that pc
culiar violet color which so astonishes ar
fists when they venture topass summer
on the other side of Mount Atlas. few
burning gusts of air, feeling and smelling
like that issuing from an oven when the ba-
ker opens it to take out the bread, served
as the advance guard of the enemy. The
temperature rose rapidly. On Friday, the
thermometer at Duchassing's Club, with
northern exposure marked ll3 Fab in the
shade. At Ell Biar at the same time, an
other thermometer, also in the shade, but
exposed to the full blast of the sirocco,
went up to l24. The most robust man
could not have crossed the sunny side Of
the Government,place without danger
The ground burned the feet through the
shoe leather the hand that touched any
object whatever-a cane or a coat sleeve
-smarted with pain the nostrils con-
tracted, and the eyes closed under the in
fuence of the torrid breath of the simoon
In many houses furniture fell to pieces, ta-
pestry dropped suddenly from bursting
walls, and ceilings crumbled to pieces and
descended upon the heads of the inmates
like fakes Of burning snow. Never, within
the memory of man, had such things been
seen in Algiers At night frightful spec
tacle was seen. From Gyotville to Cape
Matifou, along an extent of twelve leagues
Of coast, lurid glow suddenly appeared,
became rapidly more and more intense, and
it soon became apparent that the whole
country was on fire Entire mountains
burst forth in fame like a volcano, and
burning forests lit up the waters Of the
harbor, and made the stars look pale 1t
was sublime horror There are rumors
of loss of life, and the damage done to
property is necessarily enormous. Many
farms, barns and stacks have been entirely
destroyed"
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

A GREAT CURIosITY--.The jacksonville
(Oregon) Sentinel, gives the following par
tlcuars CT the discovery of great sunken
Lake =
Several of our citizens returned last
week from visit to the Great Sunken
Lake, situated in the Cascade Mountains,
about scventy-fve miles northeast of Jack
sOnville. This lake rivals the famous val
ley of Sinbad the sailor. 1t is thought to
average two thousand feet down to the wa
ter all around. The walls are almost per-
pendicular, running down into the water
and leaving no beach. The depth of the
water is unknown, and the surface is smooth
and unruffled, as it lies so far below the
mountain that the air currents do pot af.
feet it. Its length is estimated at twelve
miles, and its width at ten miles. There is
an island in its center, having trees upon
1t. No living man ever has, and never
will be able to reach the waters edge. 1t
lies silent, still and mysterious, in the bo-
som of the everlasting hills, like huge
well scooped out by the hands of the giant
GEM OF the mountains, in the unknown
ages gone by, and around it the primeval
forests watch and ward are keeping
" The visiting party fired a rife several
times into the water, at an angle of forty
five degrees, and we were able to note sew
eral seconds Of time from the report of the
gun until the ball struck the water. Such
seems incredible, but is vouched for by
some of our most reliable citizens. The
lake is certainly most remarkable curioS-
ity Of nature
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

An UNHEALTHY HoUsE-A dark house Is
always an unhealthy house. always an Ill
aired house, always dirty house. Want
of light stops growth, and promotes scrof-
ula. ricketts,, etc, among children, People
lose their health in dark house, and if
they get i'll, they cannot get well again in
it. Three, out of many neglgences and
ignorances in managing the health of hous-
es generally, | will here mention as speci-
mems First, that the female head in
charge of any building does not think it
necessary to visit every hole and corner OF
it every day Second that is not consider
ed essential to air, to sun, and clean rooms,
while uninhabited Third, that one window
is considered enough to air room.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

TRuE.-The man who does not take the
paper or who takes a paper and does not
read the advertisements, can never be said
to be we'll posted The advertisements, in
dicate not only the business enterprise of
the place in which they are published, but
the enterprise of the advertiser. When
you see a man who advertises literally,
you may be sure of finding a good stock
in his store-that he keeps up with the
markets, and can always sell little cheap
er than those who do not advertise
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

The reason why negroes are not allowed
to testify in Courts of Justice probably is
that colored men might probably give a
coloring to the truth. "
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

New WAY OF APPLYING LEECHEs--" Well,
my good woman" said the doctor, :" how is
your husband to-day? Better no doubt"
"Oh yes, surely" said the woman. Gle
is as we'll as ever and gone to the field"
q thought so", continued the Doctor
"The leeches cured him. Wonderful eff
feet they have. You got the leeches, Of
course ?"
"Oh, yes, they did him great deal of
good, though he could not take them ALL
Take them all Why, my good wo-
man, how did you apply them ?"
"Oh, l managed nicely" said the wife,
looking.quite contented with herself, For
variety sake, | boiled one half, and made
fry of the other The first he got down
very well, but the second made him very
| sick. But what he took was quite enough, y
continued she, seeing some horror in the
doctors countenance, for he was better
the next morning, and to-day he is quite
we'll"
"Umph," said the doctor, with a sapient
shake of the head, " if they have cured
| him, that is sufficient, but they would have
been better applied externally"
/ The woman replied that she would do so
the next time and l doubt not that if ever
fate throws a score of unfortunate leeches
into her power again, she will make a
poultice of them.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

Men with red noses should never be re
ceived as workmen in powder mills
You can train your muscles but not your
oysters.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19
GERMS OF PUBLICATION.

r,,,poRrER is published every Thursday Morn
q GooDRIcH, at 50 per annum, in ad-
M, by L, u 00'-''',|
vance. ,,,,,>rrrc ,,.o i,sa,tad a. ,r,,,s c,,>,,o
s,r first insertion, and FIVE CENTS per line
pei ,I,.eonent insertions. liberal discount is
3" b, persons advertising by the quarter, half
"'"' wear. Special notices charged one-half
!''' .l,an regular advertisements. Allresolutions
,--,o;ations communications of limited or in
o. II interest, and notices of Marriages and
~, .veeeding five lines, charged TEN CENTS
-.r line.
-,lrmn .........S50 S35 $50
ph7 :. ..30 25 Is
c,,ara ....10 u
VI. VII.,iriistrators and Executors Notices. 81 90
,'j;+or's Notices ....................2 5O
Sy:rsss Cards, five lines, (per Year,. IS 90
,,..,bonts and Others advertising their business,
nv, charged SIS They will be entitled to /
VIZ W., confined exclusively to their business, with
,rrileee Of change.
l" ,dvertising in all cases exclusive of sub
.-.rtion to the paper,
I5R PRINTING of every kind in Plain and Fan
,,rs done with neatness and dispatch. Hand
r RANKS. Cards, Pamphlets, &c, of every va
-. and style, printed at the shortest notice The
,.,,rrB OFFICE has just been re-ftted with Power
" .,s and every thing in the Printing line can
..r,+a7 in the most artistic manner and at the
49,. rates. TERMS INVARIABLY CASH.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

DON'T Run THE Cows-Now, boys, we
have word to say to you. When we were
of your age we always had to drive the
cows to pasture, and go bring them, too
Sometimes we got little late, or we were
anxious to get off to play, or cow found a
bit of good sweet grass, better than she had
found all day in the pasture, and would
stop to take bite and fall behind the rest
That was provoking, and we were apt to
give her pretty severe lesson. In fact, we
were guilty of hurrying up on many occas-
IONS 1t was all wrong, but we little knew
how much injury we were intiicting on our
selves as well as on the cows.
Now it is perfectly well known that over
driving causes the milk to be heated and
feverish, especially in hot weather, and this
milk is not healthful article of food either
as milk or when made into butter or cheese
Cows that are abused, kicked or roughly
treated, cannot give good milk, and no pro-
cess of manufacture can make it into 50
good an article of diet as milk that is not
injured by such treatment
Never let the dogs chase the cows. A
worriment of this kind not only lessons the
quantity, but Injuries the quality of milk,
and it snould be carefully avoided. Dogs
are generally curse among a herd of cat
tie and particularly so among milch cows,
unless they are trained to drive and tend
them, as few of our dogs Plaughman.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1865-10-19

WIFE AND SQUAws.-I heard an anecdote
of Kaffirland to-day, which, though irrevel-
ant to our adventures here, is so amusing
that | must record it, particularly as my
informant vOuched for its truth. At an
outpost far up the country resided an off
Ger and his wife The latter was warned
by her husband not to venture alone far
from the house but one day imprudently
going beyond her usual limits, she encoun-
tered wild looking Kaf1ir who took her
by the hand, and would be moved by no
entreates to suffer her to depart He
made her sit down, and untying her bon
net, let down her long hair, at which he ex-
pressed rapturous admiration He next
took off her gloves, and appeared enchant-
cd with her white hands and then pro-
ceeded to divest her Of her shoes and
stockings, and wondered at her little white
feet The next morning the lady and her
husband were awakened at an early hour
by chattering under their window and
on enquiring the cause Of the disturbance
the gentleman was aeosted by the hero Of
the previous day, who had been so impress
ed by the charms Of our fair country-wo-
man, that he had come with twelve squaws
to make the liberal offer of exchanging
them for the gentleman's wife, and was not
a little surprised when his generous terms
were refused-Mcjor Pagers Camp and
| CdRtOnneH
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20
. Cincinnati Market.

FL0uR-Superfne is held nom nally at Sc; extra
at ~ 25(g6 so, and family at Sc 1901 25
WHEAT-0ho and Indiana white is merely nom
inal at 81 459l 50. The offerings of Kentucky white
exceed the demand, and prices have declined TO S as
@l 20 for prime to choice.
WHlSkI-The market continues decidedly fat.
sa, ,es of 40 bbls at 81 06. = '-' 80
PR0VlSlONS-Cit mess Pork could have been
sold at S23 50, but it held at S4 sale was re-
ported as made in the morning at $24, aud there
seemed to he no disposition to accept less than this,
COkN-Ihe market Is without special change:
holders ask Toe or sound on arrival and sO9s5c from
store '- !iT
.0ATS-A .ale of 800 bush at 45c, on landing.
RlE-Hoders ask SOC llor prime samples, on ar
rival
? BARLEY--The demand is not so good TODAY. and
a. the close 81 l59f 10 were the outside prices OBJ
taiuable for prime to choice fall Prime spring was
offered at 81 10, without finding buyers
GROCERlE S-Ne now quote common 70 pood
Rio Coffee at 2s@30c and prime to choice at sOk0l
81 lsc; raw Sugar l3e lac for Cuba, and l51l7c for
Porto Rico hard refined 2Oc and New Orleans
Molasses 81 90 per gallon.
.BUTTER-We quote prime to choice Central Ohio
at so@Ssc IL in large and small packages.
CHEESE-New Western Reserve and Hamburg
is selling at iS9l9c per pound, actual tare
EGGS-The recespts are only moderate, and the
market rules steady and firm at 23c per dozen for
fresh, shippers count,
HAY-The ma ket remains steady at Sl59ls per
tun for pressed and at S092l per tun for tight
pressed, on arrival -.a. I ta-T7 ~ 7-7c ~
FRUIT-Grean Apples continue UNCHANGED. At
S59s per barrel for estern Dried Apples are dull
at 73skc,
P0TAT0ES-There is good demand for the best
descriptions at $3@3lo per bbl from store. 3
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20
Cleveland Market.

FLQUR-Sale $50 brls very choice Xxx red at 81 80;
loy ~ PrI5 good DO at 500; 200 brs fine at s425.
market closing nominal.
GnRN-Sale car No. from store at CSC, closing
OATS-Salcs cars from stsreat4 45e. -
EIA0 sales reported and market nominalaA
BAkLE1-lnactve and nominal, .. II. T..'
ff01KRhbi-f1les f1KRbi-f1nl 10 b6s e.y mess at sg7 90.
LAkDIG nchanged at 2O@2lc for city rendered in
SMOKED MEATSs-Sugsr cured hams 2sc for
can SahVassed and &c for uncsnyassed; plain hams
zOci bacon ZUc; shoulders lie dried beef lgc for
canvasSed and lee for uncanvassed. Sales at quota
tons OF 500 lbs plain hams. and 1900 lbs sugar cured
hams; .-...,
NESS BEE F-Steadv at sls 90 city packed. Z
:, ,BUTTER-Sale tubs choice yellow Western
Re;erye at soc, and ls hrkiDs COED Western at 2sc
EGGS@ln moderate request at 20c
CHEESE-New cheese selling at a range of Ia
HI HIiHWINES-Held at 90 o5, but we hear Of no
ALCnH0L-Market quiet and steady. Held at
q 1904 04 for 9s per cent Neutral Proof Spirits
50 l5@2 20 Cologne Spirits % per cent, slI5.
GszIkULEs M1Ihe market is quiet and steady at
,SII5 SEEpPSSIiQqst PSi Timothy held at q Scss 90.
BEANS-Dull. Held at 81 SO@2 90 for good to
,POT,AT0Es-In fair demand at Csc for peach
LAKE FISH-In good request and steady. Sales
q half 56ls No.: Whitefsh at ss IS; 50 half bbls
No. Pickerel at 81 20, 43 half bbls Herring at
$6 co.; 10 balf bbls Trout at 81 rs. ~
SALT.,Steady. Fine g 10; Coarse and Ground
H0PS-Firm; New York State 4595Oc, accord
ing to quality; Ohio at 259sOc.
MALT-Steady. Barley malt at 81 10 per busheI
ALE AND fORTER-Alsrket steady. We quote
as follows: Present use Xxx Ale 80; Stock xxx $l3
Kennel sl6i Pale Cream II; Porter eli. Halt and
quarter barrels in proportion "'N
Akron "-"
PLASTER-"Powell's land plaster $I2 so per
ton E w. FNA
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20
CIRcLEvILLE, Feb. 18th, 1865.

The Warm Air Furnace invented and
manufactured by Mr.. Peter Martin, of Gin
cinnati, was put into the Union school
building OF this city in November last, and
thus far it has given entire satisfaction. 1t
surpasses other furnaces in the following
important particulars: 1t has, compare
lively, greater heating surface; produces
larger volume of heat " ith given amount
Of fuel; the condition of the air in respect
to temperature, moisture and purity, is su-
perior; the admission of cold air, the sup
ply of Wa rm air for the several rooms, and
the fires, are more easily regulated.
To avoid scorching and decomposing the
air, as is done, to some extent, by other hot
air furnaces, and to secure to each room an
abundant supply of pure, fresh air, warmed
to pleasant temperature, as well as to pro-
tect the wrought-iron air-fues from
the effects of the fire, it is essential that
the warm air-flues leading to the school
rooms, should be at least twelve
inches in diameter. This will insure the
influx of such a large and rapid current OF
fresh air as to prevent the wrought-iron
tlues from being overheated, and thus secure
the durability of the furnace, and keep the
warm air in healthful condition. 1t is
deemed proper to State in this connection,
that our Board of Education was induced
to order Mr.. Martins Furnace, because two
other furnaces had been previously used in
our school edifice without satisfactory re-
suits, and because, after a careful examina-
tion of large number OF furnaces and
other modes of warming school houses and
other public editices, not only in Western,
but also in Eastern cities, Mr.. Martins was
believed to be decidedly the best.
H. Fl. BARNEY,
Supt. Circleville Union School.
Address PETER MARTIN,
No. I49 West Fifth ST., Cincinnati, o.
febl7-tf
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20

NEW ORLEANS, May 13, via CAIRO, May
1S.-Generals Candy and Osterhaus arrived
from Mobile yesterday.
Paroled officers and men of Taylor's army
are overrunning Mobile.
Thirteen steamers and the rebel ram
Nashville and gunboat Mary Ann arrived
at Mobile from Tombigbee river, whittier
they were taken by the rebels on the evac-
uation of Mobile. These, with eight other
captured steamers, with the blockade run
ner Heroine as flagship of the officer in
charge, are expected here tonight.
The steamboat Minnehaha and tug boat
Brooklyn burned at the levee last night,
and some shipping was injured.
The Mississippi river has forced the levees
and now covers an immense area from
Red river to Donaldsonville, and the Gulf
is varying from thirty to fifty miles in
width. Suffering and destruction of pro-
perty is beyond description.
Cotton holders demand an advance, with
no sales. White clarified sugar lS12c. To-
tai stock of sugar in bonded warehouses
95,233 boxes and 1,104 hogsheads. Total
Louisiana sugar in the city estimated at
1000 hogsheads. Total Cuba molasses in
bonded warehouses 1903 bbls. ......
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20
Gen. Banks Removal Urged by
Citizens of New OrIenns-Their
Efforts Fruitless,

New YORK. May 19.-The Times Wash
ington special says: Gov. Wells, DR.. Hugh
Kennedy and DR.. Coleman, of Louisiana,
are here. They have come with the inten-
ton of procuring the displacement of Gen.
Banks, their cause of complaint being his
removal of DR.. Kennedy from the Mayor
atty of New Orleans, to which he had been
appointed during the absence of General
Banks. This step, which was absolutely
necessary to save the city from disloyal
men, into whose hands, under Mayor Ken
nedy's rule, it was rapidly falling, met the
hearty approval of all loyal citizens. From
the most authentic sources we learn that
the efforts of these gentlemen against Gen.
Banks have been fruitless. Confidence of
the Administration in the patriotism and
ability of the commander of the Depart
ment of the Gulfremains unchanged.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20
New YORK market-.mav 70

SpTTQN-2c better: 540955c for middlinr.
fLoUR-Dull and &c lower; 90 l5Q8 80 for extra
S1atei Sti ~ SS@7 10 for extra round hoop Ohio aud
10 l0for trade brsnd,--market closing anlIY
w MMHIShf1Dull and lower western at 81 O4dsa o5
" HEAT-Dull and dropping; 81 rs for No /
Milwaukee Club. and 81 IS for common winter red
western, "iN''i iou
RdE.-Dull and nominal. .t,. ..,f..-..-
CokNE-Decidedly firmer. 65979c for new mixod
WeSterD Zoe Tor choice do; 8O955c for new western
yeLoWi s2(se4c for old mixed; and 75e for new vel.
OATS-More active. and 2aSc better; 4sa5oc for
C0FFEE-Quiet and steady
SUGAkI,Quiet Cuba Muscovado lO9l2Hc.,
MOLASSES--Dull.
W00L--Dull.
PETROLEu M-Dul and heavy: 35c for Crudc
4Sg4yc Tor refined in bond, ana 6S97O, for dc free
foRh-Flrmer and more active; 500 G2 Bta94 2i
tor new mess closing at $24 25 cash; seI 5oa2i rs
lCr % and "a do cash. and s2l 2jss2l so cash and
regular way closing at Ell so S2l 25@2l 20 for
b6Is new mess, May, June and uly, soiers optiop,
BEEF-Heavy.
BEEF HAMS-Firm at $e5 OO9275O.
W MtATS=-Heavy and declining; 49, l4xc
Tor shoulders, and l5dl81zc for han s.
BACON-Dull. l3c for Cumberland cut: l4IzCa
l45c f3r short clear, and l5c for long cut hams
bARD-Heavyat l59Isc wv assume
BUTTER..Dull and heavy at l492Ic for Ohio
CHEESE--Dull at l2@2Oc
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20
"Poor Toms a'cold."

Poor Toms a'cold." ~a
How warm soeer the genial sun
May look in kindness on the earth,
In Tom zones veins no cheering warmth
Dispels the gloomy sorrow Of his soul.
Dyspepsia, like goblin, hunts him down,
Idguo. grim chamber ain, lights him to bed
While dullness, Vertigo, and Headache dire,
With fercer aches combine TO make him groan.
BE wise, Poor Tom
And hearken, Thomas, to instruction: %
For all thy ills Remedy is found,
A Panacea. certain, pleasant. sure.
PLANTATION BITTERs-S. T.-ls60-X.,
A wondrous Tonic, made by DR.. Drake.
Will kill the demons that thy stomach vex-
Will slay them, Thomas. for thy stomhch's sake.
New life, new strength to thee shall come
BY using this Elixir wonderful. .t.t
PLANTATION BlTTERs will restore thy health,
Thy troubles cure, and leave thy mind at peace.
mayl7-d&WlW ..s,ts ...... .r.. -7- ~,,r,
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1865-05-20

New YORK, May l9.--The Herald's Pana-
ma correspondent makes the important an
nouncement that the Government of Co.
lumbia has not only ratified the new stipu-
lations with the Panama Railroad Compa-
ny, guaranteeing that corporation perpet-
ual proprietorship of its road, but has con-
cluded treaty with the agent of our Gov
ernment which grants to the United States
IN perpetuity the exclusive privilege of
transporting military and naval stores over
the line. AS an equivalent for this impor-
tant concession, our Government is to guar
antee the sovereignty of Columbia over
the Isthmus of Panama, and the security of
the transit route against all other foreign
powers.