The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-12-06

CuE;N!t kCtEENI VI hit tIhS! 0ESSIuN
OF THE
THIRTy-NINTH CONGRESS
rrILow CITIZENS or TBs SENATE AND HOUSE, OF REPRE-
saNTAfives:-
TO express gratitude 10 God In the Of the people,
fer the preservation OF tbs United States lie my rst duty
N addressing you Our thoughts next revert TO the
death Of the late President by act Of parrcda treason
The sefof the nation Is still fresh hnds some solace
consideration that he lived to enjoy the highest
yeoy Of confidence by entering the renewed term
- The Chief kagstracy to which he had bccn elected;
chat he brought the civil war substantially TO Q
avse; that his loss was denlorcd In all parts
- tse Union; and that foreign nations have rem.
>esec justice u his memory His removal cart upon
weight Of cares than ever devolved upon any
Gao Of his predecessors To funl my trust need the
sarpoTt and confidence Of all who associated with
- sho arious departments Of government and the sup
st and confidence OF the people There 10 but way
N which can hope to gain their necessary aid; H. to
stae with frnnkness the principles which guide my
act and their application the present state Of AFFAIRS
veil aware that tie efficiency Of my labors WILL in great
sssSure depend your and their undivided approba
e.ou
TIE PERpETrIrY or THE UNION.
Tho Union OF the United States OF America vas IN
ssnes by Us authors TO last long the States
e.tves SHAH last .'rhe Union shall DO perpetual are
the words Of the confederation. "To form per
Ssc, Union by ordinance Of the people ofthe Unto
state, IN the declared purpose Of the cons,i-
sutinn This hand OF Divine Providence was never
moro plainly visible in the affars OF than In tho
framing ard the adopting Of that instrument. II is,
AagN rn,u In ANN
Auacry and indeed is IL not, Of al events in modern
times the most pregnant with consequences for every
Ssosc Of the earihs Tie members Of the convention
such prcrared H. brought their work tho experience
the confederation Of their several States and Of other
sspabican governments, old and now but they needed
SD they obtained wisdom superior to experience And
Daen for it, validity il required the approval Of people
as occupied large part Of continent and acted serar-
szsiy IN many distinct conventions what 10 won
Asrfo! than THAT AFTER earnest contention and long dis
sisson all feelings and all opinions ultimately
afs~n in way TO its support?
Basvxcrs contribution FOR TIE PRESERVATION OF
,s THE UNION.
rhe constitution TO which life was thus impaired con-
saas within itself ample for its preserva
ssen. las power TO enforce the laws punish treason
Aad ensure domestic tranquility. In Of the
pssicn Of The government OF State by man. or an
sssrchy IL becomes duty OF the United States
ssd the guarantee 10 that State ~ republican form or
susernnent and 10 maintain the homoecncousncss OF
esl Does he lapse .. Tim, reveal defe tar simple
nod OF amendment Is provided in tho constitution
tsssH, so that It's conditions always be mad
- conform u the requirements Of advancing civ
STATION No room Is allowed oven for the thought
- : Eo sibiry * Its coming to an end. And
Shsse powers Of self-preservation have always
s-~0 asserted in their complete gritty by every pstr
Ma Nm istr nv md lack mot
49, than BY Washington and Madison The parting 3D.
- OF the Father Of his Country while yet President
- se people OF th" United siatcs that the free
eoasttntion which the work Of their hands, might
- sscrediy maintanei' and the inaugural words Of
ts~edeDt Jefferson held mp she preservation II the
Gsuersi government, in Its constitutional vigor, the
(se' snchor II peace home and safety abroad
se constitution T. the Of he pcopc Of the Tn ted
osAsee and It should be indsstctibe the people
CONSTITUTION
n u not strange that the trainers Of the Constitution
Weicn lsd model in the past should not have fully
csnpreeIded the excellence OF their work. Fresh
SSm struggle against arbitrary power many patriots
Agsssd from harassing fears of ab orpton Of the
0lAGs governments BY tia gcuerai government, and
&aay from dread that tbs States would break away
sn shsr orbits But the very greatness Of country
nssid aay che apprehension Of epcroacbmsnts By tho
U1sersl government The subjects that come unques-
osaHoly within ~ Jurisdiction that Il
0sS ever naturally refuse 70 BE- embarrassed
- sue-'s-as thai lie beyond II We're Il other.
Ws he Executive would sink beneath TIA burden, the
channels VI justice would b choked legislation would be
Sosrsctcd b. excess that there greater tsmpta-
o. sxsrce otAs functions Of the general gov
~ssment through the States than ~ trerrs their
gNsul sphere 'Ths absolute acqnicscence the dec-
sas Of tie majority" was st the beginning OF the
s1y enforced BY Jefferson las the vital principle OF
Dnbtca" and the Of tie last four years have
ssablisbed, vii hope forever, that there lies no
oppsaI 70 force.
NO KfoHr m Awy srarv srrypI
Ne maintenance Of the Union brings With 'fhs
A.pport Of tho State governments all their rights"
- lie not OF the rights " any state government
S-nounce It's place IN the Union nullify the
6vs Il Tic UriCn The largest liberty lie ~ be main.
ased In the discuss Of Of the federal gov
sas; bit there In no appeal from It's laws except 10 the
ssroas branches ~ thai government it-elf, W the
0sopIe who grant 10 the members Of the legislative and
~ ale executive departments no tenure but ni,ed
ss~ aud in thai always retain le powers or ~.
a~a
"The sovereignty ~ tho States" IL tn. language ~
s Coniederacy, and not the language 81 the constta
Son. Tie latter cou,rins the emphatic words.-n The
ssasitution end The laws 81 tho United States VII cb
sAAl 10 made 70 rrrTuance thereof snd all nea,ies
= AZ or which shall he made under the authority Of the
nited es, ahai I've Nc supreme law Of tire land and
&c Judges every State ,haIl be bound thereby snv
tAg the constitution or laws Of any State 70 he con.
Asry Notwithstanding"
Certainly the government rs the United states IL
limited governments and 40 u every state government
Emitted government whb w this idea Of Limitation
specsds through every form cf sdnins' raio enernl
ssass and municipsisnd rests on tie great distinguish
hs principle Of IN. recognition Of the rights u ire
snCent republics absorbed the individual in the state
essscr his giou and controlled bis activity The
xc,srcaD system rests the asserfon ~ tie equal
sshs Of every man to nte III ry and the pursuit OF hap
sasss " freedom o conscience, 10 The culture aud
s1srcse Of al his faculties consequence this State
government Is limited " the general government 10
sAs interest Of uncn 10 the Individual citizen In the