Washington telegraph., 1865-10-25
STATE PoLrCY.-The great adyanisres to be

81 4 A HC SItdk W Dc
derived from such a course in Arkansas, as has
been pursued by the President in Louisiana, if
net the absolute necessity Of the measure, may
lie seen from cuIsory view of the present
condition and prospects Of the State.
The new constitution formed under one tenth
proclamation of President Lincoln, and which
went into operation in the spring of 1861, is
certainly unexceptional in its general features
and provisions so far as regards the future it is
q most excellent frame OF State governments
But the convention utterly failed in one very
important matter. The State since date Of Sc
cession in 1861 had continued its regular courts,
under new commissions issued from the sep
arated government, and as one of the States of
the coutederacy. They proceeded 10 hear and
determine causes which had no political bear
ing, TO adjudicate and adjust the rights Of in
diyiduals, and to take cogni zance of crimes for
the safety and protection of the people. The
people whether innocent or guilty of secession
were obliged to submit to the DEGREES. It was
for their benefit that the Judicial proceedings
should continue, most especially il the cases of
estates. Otherwise property necessary to tie
support OF women and children would have
been hOpelessiy ravased and destroyed. These
were dc .fact0 courts, exercising powers essen
tial to the people, and through officers sworn to
execute the laws. These were mostly the old
laws OF the State, and in ninety-nine cases out
Of 4 hundred the Issues had no political bearing
IL support Of the war against the United States
Justice 10 the innocent, as well as every motive
OF political economy demanded that all acts Of
dc .facto civil courts should have been ratified
and established.
The convention did 60 far enough herein to
show that il was not sprete-mitting the matter
from care!essness. 1t saved from the sweeping
decree Of avoidance the changes made in coun-
ty lines, and seats; the administration OF oaths
the acknowledging Of deeds, the solemniza-
ton Of marriages by proper officers. There
Was also q eePing saving of all rights of in-
dlviGuals meaning nothing, as the action OF
the courts affect nothing else. In general all
acis Of the seeded State whether legislative,
executive, judicial OF military" were declared
null and void, and so remain.
Another difficulty supervened between that
period, and the final surrender Of the depart
ment, a whole year afterwards. During this
period our de taotO courts went on outside the
Federal lines. People married, and bought and
sold, and made deeds, and died, and heirs took
up their estates, and the courts decreed upon
rights, and property was settled.
Even supposing the weeping saving of pri-
yate rights 10 have been as thoroughly ettca-
cious as could be contended, these subsequent
acts as they now stand could not be recognized,
without admitting the anomaly of two distinct
and hostile Jurisdictions in the same territory.
They need the curative power of more SOW
ereisa body than the legislature TO relieve the
embarrassment.
y convention would therefore in any event
have been necessary. At the time of TIE snr-
render the State government by its own inher-
en5 authority might have speedily provided for
such remedial action. It was in the hope that
with harmony restored, AL parties would con-
cur in this, that the citizens throughout the
State, in taking the amnesty cath at once gave
in their aGhes on 10 lhe State government
This hope derived much strength from tie very
NCA-N4A4dtciE dA4A A-lANt-S laNNA'A
~ TIE Governor, which evinced a spirit which
has not been carried out by his subsequent
acts.
The uncons;itutiona. test oath for the elect
i've franchise, and the law excluding the people
trorr access to the courts would have been of
small consideration. They being clearly void,
and easily gotten rid of, and swept away
amongs. other foolish acts Of passionate men,
into the limbo Of dead things, worthy to be
speedily forgotten.
But we are to have none of these coneiliato-
ry remedies under the present government -
The party in power seek to perpetuate it indef-
nitely by actually using and insisting upon
those mad unconstitutional acts. The legisla-
ture will not meet for year, and there is then
no prospect OF remedy. They prefer things
as they are. Meanwhile the great rmbarraass-
ment with regard to the rights of properly re-
main, paralyzing all enterprise and industry
The future is gloomy with the prospect Of the
heartburning and acerbities of spirit which
spring from the DISTINGUISHING acts. There is
nothing in the present direction of events on
which the minds Of the people can rest, with
satisfaction.
Were provisianal Governor appointed and
a convention ordered, confidence would spring
up at once. Trade would revive. New loyal
ty would inspire the hearts of the people
Their renewed attachment to the Union would
rapidly increase and confirm itself. All our
troubles and embarrassments might be finally
settled before the buds Of spring. if not before
the Christmas holidays, and we would take
rank simultaneously with the other States of
the South in the galaxy Of the Union.
-. The Ranchero OF the 3sth ult, publish
ed at MatamoTas, has the following in regard to
the freedrnen fhnt snrtin,, .l......-..