The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-11-22

tho Ataanta man.aiang that their detention cruel
and unnecessary and the other urging that the con-
venence OF these comparatively few individuals should
be for moment taken account where the health
| Of undreds OF thousands Is vitality concerned
According 70 the report OF the City Inspector FOR the
week ending tho 10th inst the total OF deaths )" mo
city from reached 49, Of which 2i9 were
from acute Diseases 1H from chronic diseases and ~
from external causes those depending OIL
mate Tho natives OF tho unI,cd States wcro
49, Of Germany o. ana OF Ireland g. Tho deaths al
public institutions were 81 The mortality Of the week.
compared with the corresponding week Of last year.
shows increase Of o. There OF cholera
Senator John Sherman, OF Ohio, accompanied by .
number Of leading New York, Philadelphia and Boston
capitalists yesterday visited the Pennsylvania coal re-
gions and made inspection Of the coeries In tho
evening the party sere0aded at Mount Carbon and
speeches were made BY Mr.. Sherman and others
Tho stock market dull but steady yesterday morn
ing and strong In tho afternoon Governments were
heavy. Gold was inactive, and closed at 1lox
Notwithstanding the Storm fair business done
yesterday both foreign and domestic produce and %
general thing tho market for foreign goods pretty
steady Domestic produce, however. was Irregular
Groceries were dull and mostly nominal Cotton
steady Petroleum was excited and higher On Change
Gour was dull and lower Wheat and corn wero also .
shade In buyers favor Pork wss Inactive and tribe
lower, closing heavy. Lard dull but unchanged.
Butter and cheese inactive Whisky was dull and
lower t.t ~. J,
week. and with large receipts and unavoabe weather,
prices declined No. a 10. per pound Tho sales were
generally at loc A17Kc but there werc few sales OF
l8Kc. and some few at 1oc. for the very best Cows
were steady and prices varied all tho way from $40 to
SIPS. veals steady at 1oc. q 14c Sheep and
AlI~u md tko ina Of
heavy receipts prices ranged from 81 so TO So. Hogs
were dull and 1c. lower prices ranging from lie to
12Xc The total receipts 6.072 beeves, II cows
e32 veals. 90 1877 sheep and lambs and 22.se5 hogs
Ex-spoakor Colfax ON the Political situ-
alton.
The speech of the Speaker of the last House
of Representatives, Mr.. Colfax, at Washington,
on Saturday evening, has much meaning in it,
and gives us pretty good idea Of what is
going to take place with regard to the great
political question of the day-the restoration
of the Southern States. Mr.. Colfax is evidently
candidate again for the position of Speaker,
and his remarks may be regarded as sort OF
initiatory platform on which he has placed
himself to secure the votes of his colleagues.
He has put himself upon a very accommo-
dating platform-one that is moderate and con-
servative in one point Of view and radical in
another. He praises President JOhnson's re-
construction policy, and speaks Of hailing
"the day when all the States shall revolve in
their appropriate orbits around the central
government and when we shall behold them
distinct as the pillows, but one as the sea-"
He seems to comprehend that the policy Of the
President is to bring the Southern States back
to their original status as soon as possible, and
thus close up the rebellion in the shortest
period practicable. Knowing the power and
firmness of Mr.. johnson, and not knowing
exactly what will be the strength and
action of Congress in the case, he casts
an anchor to windward on that side; but,
seeing that the radical element in Con-
gress will be powerful one, and that
he may need the vote of that faction to reach
the Speakers chair, he intimates that it will be
necessary to put the late rebellous States under
. longer term Of probation before admitting
their members to Congress. He would require
other and additional conditions than those laid
down by the President, such as q clear and dis
tinct vote of the people Of those States directly
upon what the North demands as the price Of
their restoration, and "that the Declaration of
independence must be recognized as the law
Of the land, and every man, alien and native,
white and black, be protected in the inalienable
and God-given rights Of life, liberty and the
pursuit of happiness" Thus the cautious ex-
Speaker casts an anchor on the other side also,
in the uncertainty as to how the political cur
rents may run or from which quarter the
strength of the storm may show itself.
Although the tone of Mr.. Colfax's remarks
is moderate, conservative and non-committal,
he inclines good deal toward the views of
the extreme republicans. Still, as he declares,
he does not bind himself "to any infexible,
unalterable policy;" and he, with the majority
of the republican members Of Congress, may
find il best to accept in the main the Presi-
dents programme. But what does he mean
by recognizing "the Declaration Of IndepeR-
dence as the law Of the land ?" The
Declaration of Independence is but the
enunciation Of abstract dogmas. They are
beautiful In theory, and admirable in practice
wherever they can be applied; but they are
not and cannot be law. The very men who
framed the Declaration, and subscribed to 1t
that all men were created equal we're slave
holders. There is no law, and cannot be any
in the case, but the law of the constitution, and
that adapts the principle to the exigencies Of
society. Nature itself limits the application Of
this dogma. Men are, and always will be, very
unequSl. In no society can il be applied In
the broadest sense. Even under this, the most
liberal government In the world, where politi-
cal equality is recognized, there are many limi-
tations to the exercise of abstract political
rights among our white citizens. A man must
be Of certain age, reside in certain place
for fixed period; must beIin the country a