The New York herald., 1865-12-06

high admration. After the fall OF Savannah Charles.
on retaining foohold in the cotton States al Mobile
II was strongly fortified and garrsoned and orders
issued to hold IL at every hazard.
aERiDAss RAID AROUND RICHMOND.
In the latter part OF February General Sheridan under
direction o. the Lieutenant General moved from Win
chester TO Staunon, which place he captured the ID
Of March, taking prisoners artillery and military stores
He thence moved Charlottesville and destroyed the
Richmond and Lynchburg Railroad and the bridges
across tho Rivanna river Divid ng his forces,
column moved TO New Market and destroyed the James
river canal; the other column pushed towards Lynch
burg destroying the railroad TO Amherst Court House
These columns, reuniting moved to the White House.
ho pamunkey, eiecting great destruction OF the canal
on their route and thence put themselves In commun
cation with the forces around Richmond.
The month Of March, 1865 opened the great campaign
against Richmond and the army that had SO long de-
GRANTS LAST GRAND CAMPAIGN
Instructions were given by the Lieutenant General
forces around Richmond II commenced on the morning
OF the 29th March Ten days marching and fighting
finished the campaign. Richmond, Petersburg, the
army OF Virginia and its commander were captured JEFF
ferson Davis and his socalled Confederate government
wore fugtves or prisoners Of war Davis fed from
Richmond the afternoon OF Sunday the Cd day Of
April The national forces occupied Petersburg and
entered Richmond on Monday morning Lees army
pursued until reached Appomaox Court House, where
the terms prescribed by General Grant.
THE SURRENDER OF THE REBEL ARMIES.
From this period the history Of the war Is but emu
meraton OF successive surrendes by rebel commanders
On the 26th day Of April General Johnston surrendered
uiS COinmouu 70 MAJOR Gencral Snerman AT FSaelgn,
North Carolina General Howell Cobb, with twelve hun
dred militia and ive generals, surrendered to General
Wilson at Macon Georgia, on the 10th OF April General
DICK Taylor on the l4th Of May surrendered all the
manning rebel forces of the Mississippi General
Candy On the I1tn Of May Jefferson Davis disguised
and in flight captured at Irwnsville Georgia On
the 2Gth of May General Kirby Smith surrendered his
entire command west OF the mississippi Major Gene
raj Candy With this surrender the organized rebel force
disappeared from the territory OF the United States
The flag Of the United States lowered Fort Sumter
on the l4h Of April 1851 by Major Anderson, who long
hasa .laI,.
with his small garrison, to evacuate the works. On the
anniversary of that day four later the rebel forces
was planted again upon Fort Sumter under tho orders OF
the President by the hands OF General Anderson with
appropriate military and naval ceremonies and com
memorativc address delivered by the Rev Henry Ward
Beecher.
Their victorious campaigns ended, the Armies of the
Tennessee and the Cumberland and the Army OF the
Potomac marched through Richmond the federal capt.
tai whore they reviewed by the President and tho
distinguished commanders under whom they had so long
and so gaantly served in the field After this national
ceremony they and their fellow soldiers in other
mands were paid, and, as rapidly as the condition OF
affairs would admit released from the military
vice Of the country and returning TO their homes in tho
several States they welcomed with the thanks and
rejoicngs OF grateful people
ASSASSINATION.
One other event may properly be noticed In this report
as part OF tho military history of the rebellion While
our armies by their gallanty and and the skill
OF their commanders, overcoming all resistance in
the field to the national authority, swift and sudden
blow was aimed ut the national existence and a the life
of the Commander in Chief of the Army aud Navy
which, for arocty in It's circumstances the cruel art
that designed it, and tho peril to which exposed the
government unsurpassed In the history Of nations
Shortly before the Richmond campaign opened Prcs-
deLt Lincoln went to the headquarters Of General Grant
at City Point where no remained until the capture Of
Petersburg and Richmond After their occupation by
forces no visited those cities and returned Wash
ington on the evening Of Sunday, the 9th day OF April
The despatch OF the Lieutenant General, announcing
General Lees surrender was communicated to him
about eleven O'Clock Sunday night From that tme
until he assassinatcd his attention was earnestly
directed to the restoration Of the
ization OF civil government In the insurgent States
In public address to an nssemblagc that
mot at the Executive Mansion the evening OF Wednes.
day, the 18th Of April to congratulate him the
cess Of our arms, his views and some Of his measures
were explained On the night Of the following Friday
the President shot by assassin, and expired nt
about seven O'Clock tho morning OF Saturday, the
10Th OF April This assassination appeared TO be part OF
deliberate comprehensive conspiracy to assassnato the
President Vice President Secretary OF State Lieutenant
General and other officers Of the government with
view to its DISCRIMINATION About tho hour Of tho
Presidents murder effort made the
Secretary OF State who then confined his bed by
injuries accidentally received few days before
gcrousy wounded. Some Of the parties engaged
in this conspiracy tried, convicted and executed
others still under sentence OF imprisonment for
life The detas arc given In the report OF the Judge
Advocate General The designs upon the Vice President
and the Lieutenant General failed and upon the death OF
the President the Vice President was sworn into Office
and assumed the duties of President Of the United States
These events promptly communicated to the armies
by general ORDERS and from thcnccforth until the
time tho government has been administered by Andrew
johnson as Chief Executive and hicf OF
the army and navy.
RECONSTRUCTION MILITARY POINT or
VIEW.
Tho destruction Of the rebel military power opened tho
way to reestablish civil government in the insurgent
States. From that period the functions Of the military
department became simply cooperative with other
branches OF tho federal government
Nashville, Tennessee was the first capital Of nsur-
gent State In which the federal authority was re estab
Of February n3 that city Uus an by aS Se nag
forces On the Sd day Of March, 1892 Andrew Johnson
then Senator In Congress from the State Of Tennessee
the only Senator from an nsugent State who retained his
seat In Congrcss-was appointed Military Governor Of
the State OF Tennessee He accepted the appointment
and promptly entered upon his duties and continued 10
exercise them until his resignation on the Sd day OF
March, 1895 In all the vicissudes OF the his ad
ministraton directed to the establishment and main
enance Of the constitution and laws OF the United States
within and the State Of Tennessee without
ing upon details 1t Is sufficient TO remark that extension
rebel power The federal courts were opened an, ms
tce administered. Under his direction against many
discouragements and much opposition great advance
made towards the full re-cstablishment OF civil
hority and the restorat Of the State Its practical
relations the federal government He issued proc
amation the 9th OF January 1884, for the election Of
township and county officers Justices OF the peace con.
stables trustees, sheriff. Clerks registers and COL
lectors In the month Of May convention held at
Knoxville, East Tennessee. to devise measures for
restoring civil government in the State. In the month
OF August another convention called TO meet at
Nashville the 9th OF September TO reorganize the
State full convention being prevented by the condi
on OF military affairs this body recommended that
other convention, "elecfed by tho loyal people" should
assemble at early day to revise the state constitution
Tho Governor Issued proclamation on the 7h Of Sep
tembr announcing that he should proceed to appoint
officers aud establish tribunals tin all tho counties and
districts OF the State whenever the people gave evidence
Of loyalty and desire for civil government and will
ngness TO sustain the officers and tribunals"
venon called 70 meet the 9th OF January, 1895,
at Nashville to revise the state constitution. This
vcnton met, amendments 10 the State constitution
adopted, slavery was abolished and provision made for
submitting the amendments to the people and for hold
ing elections The amendments were ratified by popular
vote Governor Legislature and members OF Congress
subsequently ION the 4h Of March elected by the
people The Legislature assembled the first Monday
Of APRIL the abolition Of slavery enacted Senator's
70 Congress elected and state government fully
organized and has since continued In action This sys-
TEN Of reorganization having been found practicable by
actual experience IL adopted by tho President with
such notifications as no deemed proper, for all the
surgcnt statcs and Is now In course Of execution.
The disposition exhibited after the surrender OF their
armies NIL the nsurgent States TO submit 10 the
tons authority dispensed with the necessity Of keeping
large armies foot and indicated the degree which
tho war power might be reduced so much only Of the
national military force has been kept IN each State
nd IN kneu he ho nuhl