The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-09-04

hundred and tw snty i've dollars per had
his family, by Adams Express, in seven months, up
wards of fifty thousand dollars After he was arrested
the proof began accumulate. AMI 1t was shown thai
certain parties to whom ed permits 70 open
trade stores had him liberal presentsout OF pure
affection for his kindness Of course de had not
swnded the government, and the whole matter lying
between individuals the prosecution was dropped The
accused was discharged, now living in . Western
State enjoying his suddenly acquired wealth Now in
this case the party admitted the receipt Of presents but
claimed IL was Of gratitude the part OF
friends which had nothing 70 do with ofnca action
Probably this was standard Of morality adopted by
the agents on the river in practice ana
the abandonment Of the rotten system godsena 70
the people forced patrOnze the trade ssos
sMUCGIIsG THROUGH THE LINES
Another eyil which was in full blast when the war
the smuggling OF goods through the nes 'or
the rebels. Ordinarily this was part anu par
eel trade, the rebels made H their ous-
ness to prevent reaching our hhes unicss sney
were assured something would be returned advantageous
81 to their cause They were always Wiling 70 eAc"anso
cotton for provisions dry goods boots ana shoes, med
cines and fire arms officers knew this fact as well
a the spueeIers themselves and used great exerons 10
break M the conmband traffic In this EFFORT they were
only partially Successful, and up to the iash when
the wa. divided the territory nominay in repe posses
sion nrm territory held by own forces, SNUG ling
was In active progr Tho error of the government
in 1862 in not prohibiting all shipments not necessary
for the troops south of Cairo COS; many million dol
lars and many lives As instance OF this, an
clothed and equipped his entire command through the
Memphis aud Nashville smuggers and but for the pistols
and percussion and sadey goods rec ived oy MN
through lines in connvance with the cotton secnia-
tors he could never carried the predatory war
fare for many years which annoyed our army SO
much in Mississippi Tennessee enabling that enter
prsng rebel leader one occasion to penetrate as Jar
Il Memphis itself
PEOPLE WITHIN OUR LINES WHEN THE
Ed
Under strictly military government the people who
were fortunate enough TO be within our military lines
managed TO exc existence while the war lasted
In the towns along banks the government and
Sanitary Commissions compelled 70 support several
thousand people, mostly women and children, whose
protectors either be'n killed or were In the Union
lines Abort them had husbands and fathers
in the rebel army The amount of land cultivated IN the
rura districts small and the labor, general
thing performed by won N and youths There II
was regarded per Getty safe few conrabands were
employed; but die poor that they had
hardly food gh for themselves from day
day and, therefore, could engage no negroes
because they had food to spare While
wa ting Il cir crops Horses were comparatively IN
known and number Of where families r AIRED
in alluence enuryennd want is frs h
full Ibree.fourths Of the able bodied abs Mt
and as lines sometimes contracted BY With
drawaI Of pickets from fears of rebel raiders like
Forrest or Writ Adams the grew less in number
every month In towns and cities like Memphis, Vicks
burg and Natchez the of the population remained
in dlcness they coud not get work, and because
they able to draw government raions. The suffer-
ing greater tho than the east bank of the
river When the closed they were only little
removal of The torturng fears Of raids
and the promise Of more settled condition Of things
around.
CHANGED
In comparing present condition OF commerce in
Wtst with the past it is necessary to remember
many important things Until recently the bulk Of the
merchandise which has passed down tho Mississippi
nver has belonged the government, indie
lv boas harter o
horses points Of military occupation
principal of all the ordinary packet lines
running the Mssissppi With the capture OF
vcksbnrg Port Hudson the government seldom re-
aured river for a job Of trans
portaton and merely pobbled few boats at time
This system mpressmen did not seriously Interfere
with regular work Of tho river and the evil became
less marked reccdcd from the banks Of the
Miss ssippi The end Of the removed the evil on
tircy and now whenever boat Is wanted no difficulty IS
in ending plenty OF owners or agents to vol
uItcer achievement Of interest In this way was
the employment a fleet Of transports to convey the
Fourth corps Johnsonv lie, Tenn TO New Orleans,
en- route to Now the government Is q small
patron the Mississippi steamboats,. and the course OF
trade bcgns to roll in the old accustomed channels
down from gucrilas and no necessity Of wait.
n mm ,"n from danger that there more compe, on
and the price Of passage and freight Is lower than was
come refractory threatening the mention Of subs-
tuting conabands has the desired effect
REBEL STEAMBOAT fuE RivrR
Al outset of the very large proportion OF the
steamboat employed all the western nv rs were
disloyaI The long associaton with slavchouers tne
pheasant Southern hospitality, and the bus
formed by OF them IN the South
led many Union truck into the io'ies oil
rights After the blockade nj CAIRO
and subsequent cessation of all steamboat conmun
cation between the south, large majority OF
the steamboat who ca ght below COLUMBUS,
10 ned with the rebels A large num-
outh frosn ST. Louis, aud all who madc any
pretcnce Of loya atty Norh Many OF these IN q
held commissions in tn rebel service, among whom may
be named neral Roddy, formerly Tennessee steam.
boat ; commodore Moni gom ry, who commanded
b ton-clads opposite Nemph General Burke,
q rebel br gadier, haiBg from Tennessee, and 0hers
the North aud Try their old avocat ons on
the river Roddy and Montgomery have been In
lately and a few DAYS Captain Dc Haven,
noted rebel, ormcry Captain OF the steamboat Alonzo
Child, retained to this city There are several scores Of
lesser gbis-caItans and clerks-noat ng between New
and 81 Louis fresh from rebel service, who are
anxious return to steamboat situations
sTEAM DAT, NULL IN rsnEE WARS .
During 1861 and 1862 the steamboat interest In The
West completely paraiyzcd Late In 1852 the valu'
of boats began but In January Of that yea
steamboat property dullest all property. Boat
could have been purchased there for fifteen Thousand
dollars which cost q ~ thousand dollars, and which
could not have buught for than that twelve
month"; artoE The rebels managed TO secure many o
tho finest the and either destroyed then
or run them bayouB rivers where they could no
be reached. The largest number ran up the Yazoo
where several were captured Az soon as the govern
or ased ard by the fall Of 1882 there strong dc
mand The next year boat building a. Pittsourg, Nc
Albany Louisville, Mound City and elsewhere was y
sumcd some OF finest craft now on the river nav
built within The last three years Including suon oe
az the Ru h q he cond nsme Magnolia, Lady Ca
Tnand si.,.s n 20 Brencb. Levahan, Hope Barto