New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-08-09

1sns0me. n
Thsis the elephant we have drawn in their version Of
IT, 1t ayals nothing that We tell them that we nave
,..s the negro work well for wages, and that to us he
{, commonly respectful They know the negro
sHaye MT we always lived with him. and worked HIM"
TO this always answered: There is one thing about
a negro that rs know and you don't. We know how to
make him work for ,dges! 1--WE know another thing.
you can't drive the negroes with the lash any more ana
y, can't have their work anless you pay for it." You
way make the best of that" This had good influence
Ii twofod respect II made them both mad and silent
As to the first il worked counterrrtant' and then
II relieved Us Of offensive and foolish talk and
sften after awhile they would come back to ask now
4Aey must manage in the new state Of things to carry
On their plantations.
EXPERIMENTS IN HIRING FREEDMEN.
There is yet to be learned this subject by the
real friends Of the negro. The great practical question
remains "How shall the stimulus of wages be made
most eectvei" The question is important both TO the
Government ard the planter.
There is party in this region who is interested In
three different plantations each Of which is worked
radically different plan from the ohe $. On ore the
land Is seized by Government for the benefit Of the
Freedmen and the capitalist furnishes stock tools and
yations and divides the profit with the laboreT In
the second the hands are hired and rations furnished
usual In the third the bands are hired and paid 81
ny every Saturday night in greenbacks.
In the first they eat all they can get and are
asteu because they do not account for it till the end
81 the year. and then the capitalist pays for half Of it,
the second the supply is limited, but they get all
fhey because IL costs them nothing In the third
they put their hands in their pocket and pay for
ell they get In the first they most wasteful
partly because they can be, partly because the pecu
MARY considerations remote, and partly because
others share the burden In the secoud they less
ineonsiderate because their supply Of necessaries is
limited and all extras they pay for at the end Of the
year In the third they more careful because they
pay for each article in hard earned money To
the differences, they in the third case only one
fourth much tobacco and twothirds much of rs
t;ons as in the first case.
1t clear that prompt payment and sefsupport tend
80 economy, thrift. and sereliance while remote pay
xents furnished rstions and 100 mnch care and super.
vision Of their personal affairs and interest have the
opposite tendency. 1t is found also, by the same ex
Ysriments that their; Industry is affected By the sam
causes in the way. These are facts and they are
Instructive.
NEGRO COURTS
The schools among the Freedmen of the South are
sfen reported index of their rapid Improvement
But there is school in this dstrict-the school OF
justloeo which, far know the attention Of the
North has yet been called II is school Of edu
cation in the practical administration and IN the value
of Government No part Of the Freelmln's education
Is of greater consequence than this.
At Davis Bend. during the past Winter, Col Samuel
Thomas, then Provost Marshsl-General of Freedmen
and now Assistant Commissioner Of the Freedmens
Bureau for the State Of Mississippi instituted among
the people there as an experiment upon their capabilities
g. .nffr .In1n
judges and sheri chosen from the Eve plantations oc
cupd by negro lessees who should have cognzance Of
oil ordinary Of difficulty among the Freedmen,
and u all petty oenses against society These courts
are held every Saturday with regularity. To guard
AGAINST abuses the decision Of all is subject to the
review and approval modification of the Comm ander
of he post and il is remarkable fact that while tho
findings Of these courts meet the popular approval
generally yet their uniform severity Of sentence
quires the inerposton Of the military TO mitigate the
judgment Of the courts.
There courts have been in successful operation for
six Ion.hs relieving the docket Of Superintendent
giving great satisfaction to the people always except
ing tho ernna who feel that they arc honored by the
confidence reposed in them. and furnishing them most
important element OF education in what concerns them
most 40 members of society and subjects Of
The elections also furnish to the whole people an ex
ceeDt school Tor .be exercise OF the highest franchises
of Fytersat They are thus made familiar with the ne.
cessity of gosernment with the nature and the need of
law the wisdom and the beneyoence Of penalties aud
with the protection which government is designed to
secure and the consequent neeessyof Its maintenance
In short they have thus the important lesson Of sers
lance of the dues and responsibilities of citizenship
and so thougbtfuLmenliness which will be invaluable
90 them and thus also will the country likewise TO
taught valuable practical lesson on the question OF
scribed race. II
The wisdom and sagacisy of this arrangement has
already conferred great benefit this people not Of
Mississippi only but also Of the whole country This case
In fact A. they bear their chief respon
abilities Of self government we'll thoy demonstrate
their capapity Of bearing all responsibilities of gov
ernment well.
NOTES on THE GENERALS.
In the absence Of books. papers and letters from
home time often hangs heavy the sold ers hands ana
talking ia great relief to Generals as well as to the
other boys"
During the siege Of vicksurg, knot 81 them gath
cred around Gen. Grant and for vans OF St'ter
ent amused themselves in que ssing ae ages OF promi
nsnt officers. Among the rest they discoesea oen-
MeClernapd who was absent al the txne' DIT whose
MENTAL airs we're notorious. and whose dAenees
with Gen Grant were equally well known. ohe
that be was about fifty years Of age, on 10 saiu
fen. Grant "such man was never got ny III ~"
,eoy.!n The hat was palpable not 10 A'"u'e 'N'
toisterous merriment Of all around
AAtbe close Of the battle Of Port Gibson, BrS.uei
lnot ~ mon inOuiriDA', DOyt,