, 1865-08-31

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the price Of cotton, as soon as there Is
promising crop; admitting that it will be
worth hut ten cents per pound on the .planta-
tiou, eaeh ablc-bedlcd man Is worth so per
mcnth, the year round, with privilege Of
Lousc mud garden. The actual amount which
a good band can raise, y about as follows: :,
~ % peaads
Pzoat to etnployer....... go
Formerly slaves hired ut 915o, to $1I5 Per
year, snd ytctuals, Clothes doctor bulls, aud
tunl cost Of food and clothing didn9t average
more thnn frum S25 to $50 per year:: Rnt cot;
ton wa4 then cheaper than noN md tbs
'1abor ofthe s1are Is not worth 50 muca
as that of freedmen, by ut least forty per
cent. The slave cultivated bat seven acres
under the lash !; The freedmen, hare seen ~
| Tennessee, hare easily averaged ten, frequent
" more SO that S241 and garden arc but
mo1cEutc sum for the Labor. Of whole year.
! thcTc Being no winter to interrupt working.
This Is o warm climate, would entice the work
inE man very soon to become proprietor !;
and, If economy Is practised and the proper
enETgy shown; we shall very soon sec the I'M
.nensa, plant tations throrg ghout !: the! COTTON
States speedily divided up omungn largo num-
her ofo small .pIoprietora and then wonid
follow more skilled labor and scientific farm
Ing; and the South Will be what the other
States Of the North now are, and what tho
Western states areS rapidly becoming Tthe
abpdeH OF plenty, Intelligence and Refinement,
aud society will b. rapidly placed on the only
enduring basis-the untve1sAi freedom Of 1nah,
and his Comparative Independence The ugs-
Eregatc Of mcDta2 Development in any com,
there ean be no such thing as general intelli-
gence while the land is InonopohEed nT the
few. Small p1oprietors are the people Tor our
permanent progress. ..; =:
shrnnrGiSes han for othcst, even thoac1, we'll
paid FOR it ): md the negro Is no exception 10
The rule. ] have carefully studied the facts
reIattva to this kubject; and note the great-.
est desire among Them for two ti,ln1s-pro-
pr5ntots Of land and education. Il Is thc i1nf-
sersai remark that It Is tar more profitable to
give the freedman part Of the crop, than to
hire him for statcd wages; both 1c aud hts
c1npioJer have nore money In the end, as be
works harder. When say this " the universal
remark, mean, Of course, that it Is 20 Among
kotthcrncrs III the South, and the few SOUTH
etncrs who have sufficient Of common sense to
adaP themselves to the new order Of things.
With reference to the outdoor employment
Of families, j am inclined to think s13 q fair.
compensation !; but q few years of freedom viii
witness the exit Of the Ia t field laborers Of
that class. They Will as naturally tufa to do
mesns 1a aaties as the white woman. It IL d
fslse state OF srsa4s, which sahds women 10
the fields md It canriot lat lonc, KNOW thn
negro men do not desire t6eas sy;rrs - wnrs
out Of doors, after they have procnreGl ! VT
tlemcnt, and got thelr families together. Ur
course, the wages Of boys, must bc regulated
BY circumstances, and no general rule viii ap~
ply -.'-....... =
THE POOR WHITES.
!. Up to this time, my intercourse Ind chiefly
been with The wealthy or with the freedmen,
as my object had been to gain Information
relative to the opinions md Intentions Of The
people, together with the resources and capa-
bi!it{es Of The country, 2nd had only con
TASK Of extracting On opinion from my Of. the
t.popr white trash" would have been about
as difficult rs TINT Of tho philosopher who ut
tempted 10 extract sunbeauas from cucutnbers,
60 ignornnt are they. No one would eycT NC
cuse them Of harborfng On independent idea;
tfcutar subject, and they would refer you to
ecmc wealthy nele hbor as their spokesman.
1 havc often thought Il was not in the least
surprieing that the wealthy Southcrncr enter
OF mankind. Their associations were. with
barely three classes, asidc from their own
The ahJect and creucllinE slave, the ignorant
and degraded poor white 0f1hcir own sectiont
OF the miserable, fawning donghfnce Of the
North; and neither Of these was ut all caleu-
,aaeh ~ aaa5 Di,ou os. ~;
she N as .sscs.Ntber tae,r rnt1,nn ~ ti,c tr,Is
;nfcil;gnn1. nn1.ic Ioh.min1ed ,snrtinp 1nen
was natural result Of the light they Ind
before them i,
.y,s,,er county, and vas strcrinv IN ti,e dircc-
Inn n Psnl,;nr. I'm ennnty sest. when en-. ).
tsrna = thfrS ta2cst f;1tei witb ranc ~ fhirl
ssn tsM N31f non ~. 11 @ nAth theonn2 ma
nftes travelling two or three miles along the
ao,na ,,1,nn a ,,nnr white mans WIN had cicarad
a1,om, 3nlf m ncre If land nIn,nd 1,s1n. wIich
nonta,1cJ snne s;rk1y inntinp cnrn. an,il fr,y
sweet Tntntnrs. TInvfnr a cnriosity 10 lcar1,
snmrtjIinr of The man. and his habits oflife.
-o1e m X, his raf,in einor. md askr6
AUs Nissfssir,n. u satfl f1c1
ri know th: State il M1ssfss}nn1. >, said I.
4*bta whnt enunty - Il ~
III neTer heerd.'' he answered, and then
turning to the house, be asked his wife If she
d hut sGe Es eouId Id not knew % the county, from liz
nan lsd Ia nv pocket, and fsom the dIrcc-
lions I Ind teceiycd, o. to Where the line was;
mi + concInled to try hin. and the result is,
az related.
/ then asked him II he Ind been IN the armr,
and he rcplied no; for ha hya. there whs d
war co1pE On, but as The path IN 'front Of Ills
houte was mol Often travelled he had escaped
Til tnmo lime before, w1lca they came after.
him. but he hid In the cane brake md Ae
them aIxlously asked Il the war was oYer, and
he was highly grati1cd to learn that It MAS.
Ttlcn inuuircd What bis opinions were as TO-
i1,s me,Ns Of the CONTROVERSY, and he said be,
d;d not know ANYTHING about II, and didn't
know who they were firhtfur except that they
yrrr Ynrkees. and bn ditsn,t KNOW where
thcy lived.
nnnn s ano,Isr @ cab;o' but II bore evidences Of.
s51ne comfort. when compared with the
gr,1fer nortfnn Of these h11ts' and 1 rode unto
lie house and diSnounted. The 1nan's name
was Parker and he Owned nearly two hundred
ncres n iand-two hmircd nc1es which, In
~ o.th ,,s,d =, he a f1r4 1,nn IL n,,v farmer
~, ~ ~ ", ,oo.r-nse ~ sTCrt- Il ard was
,oo iaie M to do much i,,use1i, except barely
,ui.a tre,,rt cf nrnrf.fnns IN i;rc md Of cot
ion TO purehasc groceries; and as tho Land was
NV rirh. no r1eat deal Of cxc7tIou was re-
nuifcd 10 accomplish that task nt once
st1,s,t tks3Hn 1se~I knew there vas q small
ons TSo1shea ns at ~ i5e FL In, ont know
how iatc Il is. mr. md nv fnlss can't nonp on
III rcad.n said tic old 1ady.
! nIcit5 It In. foun6 i an old copy Of the
r. ts5G7 - .;st;1+,' sJ.aect. 11uf1ishra nt ffn.
osnS"t. MSa o,,,a and 1e~rncii Inst II had been
sen SaI Mere DSi isW W days before BY eentieman
hnn,3ny nj W ss,tcns.5 i thouTht /,
Nov le:r was q aa,Ily, consisting Of : nan; .;
a VS. w a-.san .es ,n;i a;,1 ~ speirs md moi
no anooa " the,s ca,,1d r,S Yet til nan WIS
onc o. saen Se' co.. +ha nnonr3etnr n farm
,.;ss ,1e,,,a 1,rod,ca n'ore linn a,,y enual
'.r ~ s.,as ~ srrn the fertfle Stats Of
[ MuUye' "a uasSa nS ~ natar;af nnnn whfcb
ulnoH Ino,a ~ ~. sontf Warl.rd to create
the P.a Pon1a.enia3s VI @ne ''s>A>'A wv "~>N
INC ,n to t3.at y IL h,ra fer t1,e reon1c of tho
kVn ~ as,,r. IN. that thers Il sueh depth OF
s Mo..n ~ gc i1tn uh;ch free man. md partjcu.
H1sy III one Il Caucasian parcntsge, can de-
ataS ssena tnI M nv sston5,hraent vas not whit
1ase mse4} t}ba,, vi i. thai Of lie rcader.
Asse rrrrrr eeTn r Or OFT TuE wAR on PorutAr1os.,
!; r-I:ds ne c,7art. Thererer vent. to as,
eertaIa 1 something m of lie effects Il war On
ar9}o pu nn,cion tfat T1liy 6no-naf OF tie adnlt
1aaies rais Iapa sacr;ce5 IL the Dioody contest
,1s,;,a ttanssn1x ii nthcrs ara u1iuaed for