New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-12-05

In the report OF NORM Caronna freedmen Tor l16ta
we find it given that 3O5 negroes in the TOW,
Newbern returned gross income Of Nl5l.sQ, m
showing incomes from 500 to $1,000 Those Of ma
of the men Of wealth are thus exhibited: M
George Hsrgate, turpentine farmer. ....saw
Ned Higgins, tarman and turpentiner am
f. Ii. Hill. missionary" and trader..... 2W
w. A. Ives. carpenter and grocer. 200
George Gordon, turpentner...-..........L LOO
TASTY CHADWICK. ::-........... LOO
Timber Lewis, siaver and shingler....... 100
Danzey Heath, grocer and baker LOO
NATIVE LABOR VERSUS IMPORTED.
Here follow dozen more from $1,000 to tl,yM rs
average Of the BARRIERS is s675 Of carpenters ancbt.
smiths and turpeatinc farmers about 500. Thhnh
census includes only the old, dry slave town dysv.
BERN where the negroes were in old time anmSh
poorest of the poor. With something more au 10
very meager ration Of good luck dealt out to hin his
fellow men, the sort Of laboring welfare viHnisaa
the striving and aboriDg black man that attendkye
laborer why should It not, since industry, puno
endurance n love Of and knowledge OF the ~ ~
cated with many little natural handcrahs md heuk
bred instincts Of the negro, are advantages mtkkS
RIM over labor little more Intelligent but not hu
The freedmen are constituted TO become vdyn-
markable class OF laborers Their familiarity VII 10
ground the woods, the waters. and the land hku1
and eccentric. They know the swamps bsyoas M
wdernesses as by a chart, and are OF al msl u. be
fitted to open the numerous waste places Of ne Soath
1t may be remarked that Slavery ne er made IL aGr
pioneer The slave system was penal colony york.
ing In chain gangs The same chains that made n0gL
rust and stagnation kept lands undeveloped and vh
regions voorhees, and worthless. There 10 plenty
land in the South, and above the needs OF recoc
struction' whereon 10 rear such class OF farmers and
local pioneers will render the South hababb
and far Weather than il has ever been. But 70 h1
the rank yestiges OF the slave system must be cleared
away and the ground plowed in With the old dead back
statutes chain gang and anti labor laws OF the oou
Thqra IL IN nupsfiOn In mind the freeman
ability for great work All the vicssitudes OF his p
terrible experience tend to make his future valabA
and his presence Indispensable to the South.
THE LAND QUESTION.
The land question was, after freedom and edceato1
the main question with the negroes. To all appeasses
il has never been fully and faithfully met by the Gcves-
ment. 1t has been surred. befogged and qubbed@er.
OF the confseaton law there has never been spy un
formi,y of administration. Persistent doyalis:s have
got back their estates and loyal freedmen, who had
been working them for years, We're dispossessed ~
this respect the result appears that we have done as
Tie as could help for the freedmen ana al we eooN
for the Rebels or Rebels. Such conhscated estates
as could be got rid Of in no other way tnan oy eile
easily sold; and without much pains the Government
accomplished its temporary ends to make little money!
and save its commissarlat But the great eeonocie
purpose Of erecting the labor of the South upon I'm
footing has been lost In hesitatons aud promises broken
10 tie hope. The freedmen were literally or vinsiy
promised land and il would be rash to deny that ether
they the white loyasts who fought for the Goye.
ment deserved it, Ii would be equally absurd Y
suppose according TO any possible code OF nations x
insurgents whose estates fell permissibly as Is veey
into our hands, through the chances OF war. and y
years of treason, could by any right get them bach
twice their value when we found them, aud with nc
premium acquired by the black mans loyal industry.
GEN. HowARDs PROMISE.
On his assumption of the duties Of Chief OF The Freed
mems Bureau. Gen. Howard defined his purposes y
follows: J. The education of all the Southern people,
both white and black 2. Fair play for the frseduen
and refugees of the South that they may retrieve As
fortunes by their own industry Settlement OF thess
people upon the soil and The permanent oeeapaEygH~e
Of their orn. II recent developments at all gnit'
cant, circumstances have compelled Gen. Howard
modify his purposes materially.
As the land question is generally understood, u ~
supposed 10 mean a sweeping coniiscatiol. his
wide from the fact Coniscatlon Of some sort was NJ
possible 10 be avoided during the war and before u
amnesties and promises OF pardon were held out m
repentant Rebels the Government had countleaps.
session Of forfeited lands. Some OF these lands nnv
have been proper enough 10 restore-the mass OF n
belonged to the worst class OF Rebels: and wers cor
demned OF war. But the application OF these estao
the settlement OF the freedmen and refngees o. ns
South upon farms Of their has not been fairly scovn
II hope may still be cherished then may the Govern
msnt which has lost one grand opportunity 10 renor
on have this purpose still at heart, and save ano'01'
THE GROUNDWORK OF RESTORATION.
There is more land lying waste in North Carolina;
said Chaplain James "than is needed to support IN he
dependence ten times the negro population vnninow
lines Mako them lords Of the soil. aud everything
else viii mutually follow" This remark contains pro-
found truth and is deep hint to the problem Of ne
storation and its concomtans Of freedmen proeen0H
and suffrage Freehold among the blacks is neees'Sy
to extract permanent consideration from white h".s
white landhoders Selfdepcndence Of that hna s~
nroect itself Freehold is the broad basis Of naaea
In the policy toward she freedmen does not mesaH~
ehise, 1t docs not mean freehold. ,,.,hsr
From south Carolina and Georgia comes up sn0.a. -
wall OF restitution That cry appeals to the im
well as the present when is over anu ,e &c me lime
those who have not died Of starvation are for tne
satisfied one piece Of charity and justice VII ~
| he done. The Government must provide asshS a
ANIMAL recurrence Of the same destitution tness.nt
property sustained during the war anu sH .sadsr
standard OF personal fortunes at the SOUTH one
probable that for years to come. If not upseSS ss
way by the Government, the poor whites 81 ' ss,sr,
| and large fraction Of the blacks, must w Re-
What money is in tho South Is stu snA
constructed rich men will h. working Piau's.s ,lov
farms employing all they can or know nov n IL
bnt from the general want Of capital aige '.sss6
nopustion must DO left out In the cold oucn rmsf
things will make the rich richer and tho ~ n he
unless reconstruction comes az once ~ "a decide
latter instead Of waiting for proprie,o az farnbb
whether they will treat the negroes aiIy d 70
as much work US possible. IL our r ecoh' with The
be enduring il must begin at the iounuss vSo Arc Nv
poor who are many, instead OF the r0h, NV 10 tie
and bad IN would be better to give lsnus aN soro
poor whites than either 10 see them slar,e "Nske
than 10 extra repentant and redehan o"hu' "a svsy.
the poor whites aud blacks lords OF tne s,d reiuvie
thing else will naturally follow ss settlement Of