, 1865-05-04

} OF these dolesul p1esages had ever been riel
IN any single point arising out of the rebelllc
III they had not blundered from dtst to Ia:
: upon the military ptoblem-we should ente
ta.n greater confidence than it is possible #
1s no" to feel In their political vaticination
Qn every element of the great theme th.
naEe gone wildly astray. They unde1stoo
neither the material strength nor the mora
character Ct the Northern aud Southern POI
ula19ns, nor the scc:al o!Eantza .ion3 wEic
are divided from each othc: by Mason d DA1
ons hne. This ig1orance-iucluding tota
mo1uerence to the facts Of Amer can histo1,
and db1ography-Vitfates their political prog
nosl1cailons as completely as It has reVctss'
their military prophecies.
| 1ae1r fundamental error lies In sup posln:
that the Federal Government will hare t,
zeal IN peace, mainly, ii not e1c1us1ve1y, witt
tne people whom they have been com6atin;
N war. This is not the case. Even If VI
look solely to the present population Of th
south, We must distinguish between the Ut
niles Of the Confederacy and the bulk Of 1t
lnhabltanta. The great slaVeoWners Of tn
seuth-the ten or twelve thousand men TO
whose interests and at whose fnstigatton th'
War began-wi!l be impoverished aud dis
cfedlted. Their ascendancy will be foreye
oyerthrown. The class Of "poor whites" b,
whose doclle sudrages, aided by the three
tfths vote, they main tanned their political in
auence, has been thfnned by the war ani
those OF them whom disease aud the swor6
have spared hive been taught something q:
to the Guidance which they 50 blIndly fol
lowed. The elements Of disaffection have
been, to 9 very great degree, burned out bJ
| the war. The class which 1cmains-morally
stronger than 1t ever Was before, ana proper
1lonasly far more nunerous-ncver had any
| quarrel with the free States, and is not now,
20 jar as can be judged, Unaffected to the
But even If the entire population Of the
| eouth were animated BY the bltterest hostlli
| II to their Northern iel1ow-citxcns and tt
I the Federal Government. and transmitted
this feeling to the next generation, the diff.
culties con!ured up IN the way Of peaceful re.
! union, on the basis Of equal righta and hoz
| able. IT has often been shown that the direct
descendants Of. the Americans of the revolu.
ttonary period form an exceedingly small Gle.
ment In the present population Of The United
States: That consists chiefly Of emfgrunta
and the descendants Of cm1grants, from
clusiveiy to the s;ates of the North aud
Northwest. The moral plague Of slavery has
eursed 6y 1.nnan 6ondage. aHe sousn % !. stal ata
largely an unoccupfed territory. Land once
cult c1ltlSated +! @ Is now waste and deserted. Land
generations ago is still virgin forest, IL Viz
gtnia, the free population numbers only flc
teen prisons to the square mile. In the ID.
joining free Sta,es Of the Atlantic coasts, In
themselves, far less inviting to settlers, tho
peTsons to the square mile. SLAVERY. and j
slavery alcne, has made this differ
ence. It has dcftauded not merely the
negro. Of his b1rthright, but the
enperabundaat populations of Europe
Of land Of unequallcd promise. The wrong
done BY 1t to millions Of the Old Wprld Is
Nr+1r lnas fhn+ hat {+n3n
OF the New. When once It Is removed, aud
peace Is restored, there will be rush Of emil
grunta from Europe and The Northern States
10 the South. A new population will arise,
which not only will have no quarrel with tho
North;ana Union, but Will owe everything to
them, and which, together with its descend
on's, will IN the course Of generation form
the great bulk Of the population Of tho South.
In tnls human delusc the relics Of tie older
society Will be submerged and lost. 4 Home
stead act for the South would bring to Ylr-
ginfa the prosperity Of New York, aud enable
florloa ara Alabama to count wealth and
men With Ohio and Illinois. TO effect this
end there will be no need Of confiscatIon. Ii
the unreclatned or abandoned soil of the
slave Staies, there are tarms for millions Of
fecmen. By small grants Of lan1 to the
Jandltss whites, who ale, or were, the strength
OF tho rebellion and the hope Of those Who
count on future disaffsction aud troubles,
ful and industrious citizens, thus helping to
confirm the neE order on the basis Of the old
one. N the overthrow Of which they hsYe
been blind instruments.
The bug bear Of tropical climate needs not
weseh much with Us In thus fofecasting the
the tropics; and Texas, the State which more
nearly approaches them, is the seat Of Ger
man settlers, employed In that form Of in
dustry-the cultivation Of c3tton-ln which
we are asked to believe that no European can
engage and live. In this instance, aud In al
mist every other, the fncts which are alleged
to disp1ove The possibility Of the reconst1uc-
ton It the Union On the basis Of hoinoge-
neous society, North and South, has no exist
ence ont Of the imasinatious Of those whose
wishss shape their thoushs.
TIE NEWS IN MAEcuEsTER-L1TTLE HopH
'LET-Ko OUTLET 70 De FOUND.
[From the Manchester Guardtan.k
It would be poor affectation to speak
lightly Of the effect likely to be produced on
the issEe Of the American war by the fall Of
the Confederate capital. The value attached
to it, not less for strategic reasons tnan rs
the seat of government, is attested by the
stppendOus tforts which hare been. made In
Its attack and defense. Genius and patriot.
Ism mas yet succeed in penetrating the dark
hess Of tha Confederate situation, tul 1t IL
hard indeed for any spectator to guess where
all outlet is to be found.
TIE MEMS IN LrvERPoo1-coNrEDERA
BoSpnoLpEEs SCARCE.
Liverpool (Aprll 10 Corr espondencc Of the Lon
don StAr.)
Although there WAS holiday In the stock
and cotton markets 10. day, yet on the au-
nuubcement OF the arrival Of the Austrata.
sian and the fall Of Richmond there has not
easa aa S for any years 20 Rnsh
strong eouthcrn procuvities, and "deep" in
Confederate bonds we're unusually scarce,
and whit d seen there Wus evidence Of much
dependency. On the other hand, there was
a p!entltu1 gathering Of thoss protesting
tht mse'ves to be Fedcrale, who made no lit
tie show of'thcir appreciation Of the capture
Of the Confederate capital and the defeat OF
An IRISH yIEW-TAE NORTH LTISG ABOUT TIE
NEWS.
from the Dublin MaIl1
It would be Jolly to speculate on mater
which must be purely one of coDjecture-the
question, namely, whether Gen. Lee has been
able to gather his troops again ut any point
where further # esistance will have any PROM
iee of success. II must be remembered, how
ever, that We have only one account of the
evacuation Of Richmond, and 1t is that Off
party interested In making out Lees retreat
to be total rout and scattering of tue con-
fedelate forces. This, obviously, Is the very
point at'which the temptation to cxaggernte
their SUCCESS addressed itself to the noTthcru
writer's Cf lLe news received in Europe IN
Saturday Inst. More than once before during
the war thc5 haye described retreats which
sn6seauently appeared to have been conduc-
ted In compatatlvely orderly manner-re-
treats followed By rally at 4 more favorable
spot, as q complete collapse; and the close
examination OF such details OF. the conflict
before Richmond Us have reached us suggest
that Lee reti. ed not precipltatkly, hut Ia nc
cordance with plan long m4turcd. He left
Richmond, and was certainly: mot beaten ont
Of It,
THE FUTURE DIFFICULTIES or TIE EoRTu.E
[From the London Morning Postl
It will require The Federal soldiers now in
have over1un it, and the cost Of this will be
as great as the cost of the war; If several
hundied. thousand men ara to be kept under
arms, It docs not much signify how they are
employed. Russia has been able to hold and
keep down Poland but then Russia Is q
are serts. The Emperor Is absolute, and can
do as he likes. The practical difficulties of
den1trg with the blacks are only second, If,
indeed they are second, to those Of dealing
with the whites SO that. altogether the rcal
difficulties before the Nosth-assumins the
Confederate armies TO- be broken up and dis
persed-apptar to be just beginning.
-. NAPolEoN's DuEMMA. -
lFrom the London Spectator, april 1911
Napoleon, therefore, is in the position of
man who has to support agninst formidable
ASSISTANTS an ally who can lend him little aid,
and may at any moment deprive him even Of |
TINT by precspitate flight. Suppos.ng the
best, he 10 bound to maintain at q. great dis.
tauce Frcnrh ,aImy-now, 1t is assert ID In
The Corps Iegislatif, raised once moro to
At, ,0c0 men--ln order to keep up throne
which is not French. which Is occupied oy q
man who refuses to be French satrap, and !
which is 1nenaced at once by the Catholic
world and By one Of the greatest Of military
p.wc,s. Bnt let us for q moment suppose
The wort. lima CINE the Emperor to have
resigned, and, escorted By his Austrian