New-York daily tribune., 1865-09-30

OF the Iron Mountain ls0aQ snow tndt
In 1861. ,s66 tuns were shippeA
In 1862. 57ea tuns were shipped
In icG3. g. s9O tins were Dped
In ls64...............7,070 070 tuns were shipped
In addition to this must be rcckoned tie avount ussd
in the six furnaces and one boomary (aad for time
two bloomares) Of the neighborhood. whioh will give
the whole quantity mined to date.
To reach Pittsburgh will cost at present about Gil
per tun Of ore o. 90 Of this Is freight ST. Louis and
81 thence to Pittsburgh by steamboat The first COST
and various charges will make up the remandsr. II
has been delivered in Pittsburgh at a little less than
threefbs OF this SUN. but the uncertainties OF river
navigation make it impossible to depend upon this dis.
tant market.
CHARAcTER OF ORES AND RESULTING IRON
The Iron Mountain and Pilot Knob are peroxides
or sesquioxldes of iron. They belong what is known
as the specuar group and arc mineralogicay the re
as most Of the Lake Superior ores. the celebrated
of Elba and many Of those OF Sicgew In Gernsr,
They are almost chemically pure iron and oxygen. b..
have as admixture small quantity Of silica which
| greatest in the ores of Pilot Knob. The texture os
those from the last named deposit Is exceedingly tps
grained almost steely in fracture and appeara,ass
while those from Iron and Shepherd Mountains ere
coarser grained, more open and easily smeted.
They are what the netallnrgst distinguishes as reS
shot ores producing iron which works with difficulty
at cherry red s not very well adapted for .orgilS.
but produces q tough bar capable Of bending loueas
when cold without cracking. having high tensils
strength and giving silky ibrous fracture. 1t very
difficult 20 break so AS to show crystalline texture and
those who have worked both Lake Superior and Ms
souri, ores have found that the latter required the largest
aimixture OF cold shot material to produce neural
metal The iron casts WELL chills evenly and properly
for car wheel manufacture, is well adapted for making
steel and is used for that purpose largely in Pittsburgh
while the hard surface pebbles Of the Iron Mountain
smelted with cold blast and charcoal produce pig
which is demand far east rs New-YorA for making
those small castings which aiterward converted into
malleabe iron. The product Of the ores range from
to 56 per cent of metallic iron in the furnaces at the
mines higher yields said to be obtained elsewhere.
REDUCTION OF THE oREs
There are at Plot Knoo two and at Iron Mouitain
three blast furnaces sixth furnace works Iroa Moan
tlin ores at Irendale. l2 miles northward from tie
mines. seventh has just been built at tCToDddst,
six miles southwark from St. Lsuis. TO try susltns
Pilot Knob ore with the mineral coal Of the vicinity
One bloonary at Pennington completes the list os
works in Missouri. smelling the ores OF this district
As tie metalurgc customs Of the Lake Superior region
are transplaned from NewEnglaDd, so tnose OF Nils
souri, have come West their parallel from Penn
sylyania and Ohio The charcoal is made IN pits as in
! Pennsylvania A Blair County manager soperia'
tends the Plot Knob works. and the foreign capital
here invested is chiefly fron tie Middle States lhs
ore in small fragrne T. as brought from the mountain
thrown in a stratum twelve incLes thick upon heavy
ayer OF logs upon this is thrown eght inches Of fine
charcoal then twe inches o. orc; then charcoal ana
SO ou until heap fifty feet long aud eight feet in hight
Ern hnrn " =
weeks; when cooled the pieces found cracked and
porons and now ready for smelling. Unroastedors
is sometimes used but the product Of the furnace 70
decreased about seventh and the charcoal required
in the furnace is increased one.ffh by the change.
Charcoal is made the land Of the company. which
cuts from 20 TO rs cords OF wood per chiefly oak;
it weighs ls pounds per bnshe and forty bushels make
cord. The present contract price for cutting wood u
50 cents per cord equal to per bu,he for the
coal and four cents per bushel is paid for charrng
Add to this On average hauling charge Of 20 cents per
mile per load OF 80 bushels and the present cost Al
furaaee cents per bushol Tie furnace ehaIss al
the Pilot Knob furnace TO which these data especially
apply is 20 bushels charcoal ls q to the bushe 90
of oistcd ore; 80 y of limestone Aux. About l29
such charges are snecd per day and - to IL tuns Of
iron made The hnx is found the furnace. and u
furnished at 80 PER tun Of iron The net cost oi
producing iron is 2l per tul TIE Pilot Knob Terraces
are II and IL feet wide 10 the bosh and 45 feet high
Air at eco degrees is driven Into the furnaces at
pressure of 81 per square inch, through tive tuyer.
each three inches in diameter. The capacity II one 10
400 Of the otter GOO tuns per annum, rankng pEobs-
bly, first in point Of cap ,cty anorg al tie 'harcod
furnaces In the United States.
Labor is abundant both black and white. TurnGcs
keepers receive 81 per days gattermen AMI files 81 -
per day. Eolrding can be had at sl3 per mont. Corn
is woti 81 %, and wheat 81 per busheL FlouS9Per
rel bacon - per ID. end beef rom ITO Oeenis
per f Lard is abundant and cheap. Twent! .fYcdola1
per acre viii buy rich, cleared and well improve, Arns
ith good buildings in the ArcallG Valley. aid sood
feat e soil may be mad at fourth that sum- points
c, guous 10 tho mineral deposits.
No one-rcmembering that our national ratD OF In
crease in population, which will give the Union
GEO. COS Inhabitants in l9C0 and 70 one conersint
with the growth of the railroad system of the Iasera
and Middle States and with the vast agriccuai and
mineral resources OF the Mississippi and Mssor VAL
loys-can doubt tha, within few years all th fertile
pains of Kansas Nebraska. Iowa. Missouri, ;ud The
adjoining States. will he ineNeeted by railroads re-
curing material for track and machinery and br con-
tnual renewal and repair at the hands of the i nos
tor Much OF the iron used in making ruds IN
this region comes fiou abroad In addition to is sss
cost and the import duty several profits are aided IN
charges for carrying auosi half across the continent
Yet these are hardly sufficient induce home epsal'
ists and skill ed iron men to enter into ccntes Hth
British manufacturer for they know thai the ncerh-
ment has no settled Iolicy to favor iheiF e1',,tS
They know that on the contrary eAisiiuc s'u,s'
criminate in favor of thc foreign article and sinss
the domestic by taxing tNe home ufactnrer ueety
aud indirectly through tho excise aas, more pf az