The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-08-03

Am0rlco-Ste0m from H0vre TO New
York Under Ten Dsys-John BulI
EcliPsed.
[paris Correspondence London TimesI
In long article the restoration Of peace In Amer
lea the Journal ds De'ds sets forth the great
cia advantages which France il TO derive from it,
Indeed the only parties who have reason TO bs dissats
fed with the cessation of carnage are the DbSfs
what pointediy remarks, 'those who supplied tho Con-
federates with powder arms and prvaeers and this
species OF traffic TO which France has been stranger
THE INJURY INFLICTED BY THE WAR
The civ war In America inflicted serious injury on
many branches OF French trade. Lyons and st. Etenne
wer ibo Principal sufferers The silk exported in 1860
to Aner amounted according to the 7dbleau du Chm
to ono hundred and three millions exclusive of
nfy four taions OF Swiss and German silk exported in
transit fr,l France. In 1868 it fell to twenty three
millions oyc'usive of only and half million which
passed through the French territory To these twenty
mas 70 "g this Of
years the exports from France to the United States fell
from two hundred and fifty millions to ninety
four; and North American produce imported into
France for French consumption suffered 70 the
same extent. Instead Of two hundred and forty
millions in 1860, which, owing 70 abe rise in
three millions in 1861 it fell in 1868 to eighty This
reduction applies especially to raw cotton in the cultva
ton of which the Southern States excelled France
drew from America for her own use, in 1860 hun
bred and fifteen millions Of kilogramnes, valued at
lions of kilogrammes worth 24 600 O00f In 1885, how
ever, she only imported the comparatively insignificant
quantity Of 2S4 900 kiogrammes valued at one million
and a half, and exported in the year TO tho
United States SO 600 kilogrammes Of cotton value
41400Of In respect of what is called the special COM
merce-that is to say, what is required for the
sumption Of the importing and which is the produce Of
the exporting, Countrywide trade between the two
countries, imports and exports included, fell from
bred seventy five millions in 1888 In respect the
general trade, which comprises all sorts Of mer
ported whatever its destination, II fell from six
hundred and twenty-seven millions in 1860 TO
two hundred n s sss hsn
much larger scale than tho trade between the United
States and France. The general commcrccunderstood
has Just been sated-imports and exports included,
gave in 1880 total Of one thousand six hundred and
ninety millions, and even In 1858 II was still nine
hundred and thirty two millions Certainly the difference
Is considerable but much less than for France which
did not keep third whereas England retained three
fths The decline Of American products imported into
millions in 1850 TO four hundred and forty millions in
1858 The all but complete stoppage Of raw cotton from
the United States, Of which England had received IN
1860 TO tho value Of hundred and fifty three mil
lions, explains that enormous diminuton. But, excu
sve Of cotton the imports TO England from the United
States rose the other hand from three hundred and
sixty millions 1850 four hundred and seventy
in 1868, whereas English merchandise exported by
England to America declined from hyo hundred and
fortytwo to three hundred and eightyfour millions
England lost much less than France during the crisis
and the reason chiefly to be found in the fact that
England had her means Of transport to America much
better organized than France.
PROSPECT OF THE FRENCH COTTON TRADE.
Tho cotton industry of France, her principal branch OF
manufacture, had been severely tried. For this as in
the material had become dearer in the proportion of
to three, and even to four ROuen, MulhOuse aud
several other manufacturing towns wore threatened in
thor very existence Nor is it certain that America,
restored peace she u.s. will send TO them at least for
some time the supplies Of excellent cotton which
she sent In former years The sudden emancipation OF
the slaves has completely dsorganzed labor the South
which cultivated that precious plant. Still every re-
lance may be placed on the practical sense Of the Amcr
and their genius for industry. They have for the
production Of cotton excellent territory and nc0m
parable climate. whfree blacks, quite well as with
that they will discover the Of utilizing their
natural advantages.
BOUNDLEss RESOURCES OF THE NORrH-A sIGNIFI-
CANT ADMISSION.
One fact ia already ascertained--namely, that
while the South was ravagcd and ruined By the war
North did not appear to feel any serious Inconvenience
No doubt taxation increased but the activity Of labor
in consequence of the profits which II disseminated
among all classes of the population, saved them from
suffering The North at this monse is what IL cas
before tie civi scdra rA nation wth
o Since then her population has increased BY two
three Millions and these restore to commerce anshat the
South has lost in wealth and in men.
AMERICAN FISCAL TARIrFs
True, certain tariff extremely exaggerated, haS been
adopted, fiscal measure, however, rather than ~
prolect0nist manifestation, amid the necessities OF the
war; but there is every reason bocve Congress is
the point Of diminishing its rigor, FOR otherwise II
would be nothing more than an encouragement TO sys-
tenn of Smuggling impossible TO put down, and an exns-
geracd tariff would be injurious to the Interests OF tbs
Treasury few weeks before his DEATH Mr. Cobder
wrote American of note that IL the United States
cared lot tHclr CnuTICteT IN WvTIu
tcress they continue DO the most backward
of all civilized people in commercials legislation
PROBABLE INCREASE OF TRADE WITH FRANCE
As regards France there grounds for believing that
the trade with she United States will henccorh be more
considerable than before the war asd this for several
reasons One not the least weighy IL that under the
industry has greatly improved It's production
France produce more and on cheaper terms
Indeed the progress Of French exports ~ surprising In
few years they havr incr ascd by thousand millions
OF francs On mnrsct like that Of the United States,
where much Is consumed, French trade should be
more developed than any" here else Another reason,
equally strong thln hc1neans of transport between
France and North America are greatly improved oi e
NECESSITY OF IMPROVED STEAM NAvrdATIoN.
What the Improvement OF communication by land can
do has been already seen. Railroads have shown how
traffic developed wcrc1neans OF transport OF unlimited
power and Of superior rapidy are ut the disposal of
merchants agriculturis,s and manufacturers The
OF merchandise by land has increased tcnfod by
the application Of steam ought not to- b. and, IN
point Of fact, is not of less effect Unfortunately good
wanting TO France in 1890 French commerce bad 10 be
served by foreign ships especially by those of the Cunard
Company. Mtrchandse aud PASSENGERS from Frame
increase OF expense, ant loss OF time sth more IN
furious.
FORMER EFFORTS.
Thcre wcrc indeed nf 1860, American ships touching
nj Havre-those the Livingston Company, but this
company had only two ships the Arago and the Fulton
geher shortly after the outbreak Of hosttes for the
company gave up its ships 70 the federal government for
Tie transport OF troops
GOVERNMENT MAKING STRONGER FxERrfoNs
Percsiving the injurious consequences of that dc
lcency the government supplied IL by creating, 10y
Of liberal subsidy, Atlantic steam ser
vice. largely and strongly organized Nothing has beer
left undOne that the French line from Hayrc and Brcs
should riyal In quick calling and in moderate charges
the renowned els Of Inc Cunard Company, such
the Persia and the Scotia, Which had been regarded rs
masterpieces The subsidy granted by the Treasury, -
virtue Of convention sanctioned by the Legislative
corps Is calculated TO obtain the very best results
The EyppC Atlantic steamers must Dc oil ~ eS
nine hundred horse power The two first that wer'
built the Washington, which made its first voyage yea
ago. aui the Lafayette, paddle wheels. Hcnceiorl
the preference viii be gwen TO the screw, more favor
able 60 quick sailing, and on this point the results oh
tanned since 1858 by tie Cunard Company leave no doub
whatever The Washington proving TO be inferior II
speed h. the English boats will be placed on another line
where less rapdity suces aud the same VIII be don
with the laiay ete.
OUNARD KNOCKED OUT OF TIME
In order To make head against English competition
the French management has decided that the rassag
between New York aud Brcs shall be performed In les
than ten days Tho Europe has already done IT, Tor Sir
reached rest after passage of days and scyeace
49,.