New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1865-12-06

experiment involves us in no Inconsistencies let us then
and make that experiment in good faith, and not DC
100 easily disbeartencd The country IS IN need oil
labor, and the freedmen are in need Of employment
culture and protection While their right OF voluntary
migration and repatriation is not to DO questioned
would not advise their forced removal and Nomination.
Let us rather encourage them 10 honorable ana useu
industry, where II may be beneficial 10 themselves anu
to the country and instead ri hasty anticpa'ions l
the certainty Of failure let there be nothing wanting "
the fair trial of the experiment The change in their
condition is the substitution OF labor by contract for the
status of Slavery. The freedman cannot ia'riy DC
accused OF unwillingness to work, SO long Us
doubt remains abou, his freedom Of choice in his pr
sns and the certainty Of his recovering his stipulated
wages In this the interests Of the employer and the
employed coincide. The employer desires in his WORK
men spirit and alacrty. and these can be permanently
secured IN no other way And II one ought to be aDo
10 enforce the contract ought the other The pnoc
interest viii be best promoted II the several States WIN
provide adequate protection ana remehes lot ibe Hee
men, Until this Is in some way accomplished there
no chance for the advantageous Of their labor ana
the blame of isuccess will not rest on them.
know that sincere philanthropy Is earnest for me
Immediate realization Of its rcmoteSt aims but time Is
ALWAYS mn element in reform. II Is one of The greatest
acts on record to have brought four millions OF people
into freedom. The career of free industry must be ia
In openeq 10 thcm aud then their future prosperity ana
condition must after ALL rest noinly on themselves III
they fail and perish away let us be careful that ne
failure shall be attributable TO any denin OF Justice
In ali that relates tie destiny of the freedmen, wo
need not be too anxious 10 read the fuure many IN.
oidents which from speculative point OF view might
raise alarm. will quietly settle themselves.
Now that Slavery IA at end or near its end. the
GREATNESS of its evil in the point ~ view Of pubic
economy becomes more and more aTparent Slavery
was essentially u monopoly OF iator and Ms such
locked the States where prevailed against The lncol
ing Of free industry Where labor the property oil
the capitalist, the white was excluded nom ehi'
ploymen had but the second best chance ~ bhunS
it; and the foreign en,grant Turned away rom Nv
gion where his condition would be precaIions WIN
the destruction OF the monopoly, Tree labor VIII hasten
from all parts OF the civilized world to assist 10 de, e
opiBg various and nDmolsurnbe resources Whuh hh'e
hitherto lain dormant The eight or nine STATES near
est the Gull Of Mexico have soil o exuberan eIii!
climate friendly to long life aud can sustain dcnsei
population than is found ~ yet ia any part oil on
country And the future influx Of population 10 them
will be mainly from the North. or from the most cnt
waited nations Of Europe From the suneIines that nav.
atteGncd them during our late struggle, YET US iooh
away the future which is sure 10 be laden for ew
with greater prosperity than has ever before peer
known. The removal Of the monopoly OF slave labor Is
pledge that those regions will be peoped by numcr
Gus eneTprlsing population. which wiz vie VIII
any in the Union in conpactness, inventive genius
wealth, and industry.
our t;oyerpnert springs from and was malo for th'
peope-not the people for tie Government. To then
II owes allegiance from them it must derive its oonr
age strength aud wisdom. but. Willie the GoF'fninen
is thus bound tn defer o The people from whom ~ DE
riyes its existence i should from the yefy oonsaera
tiOn Of It's origin BE- strong IN ts power OF resistance
the establishment 81 inequalities MonoPO.ies per Pc
tuities aud class Legislation are contrary u tle gcn
of free government and ought not Ia DO allowed
the principle Of 10, eminent IN that Of equal liwi
| and freedom of industry. Wherever monopoly attain
n foothoh It il 10 be source OF danger discoTd
and trouble. We shall but fulfill our duties ~ lcrs'n
tors by according "equa and crct Justice ~ all men,
special privileges 10 none. The GoSornmenti suhorui
to tho people. Int. AS the agent and cIcsrnia'
Of tho people IL mast be held superior 10 mon"poies
which In themselves ought never Co be granted am
which where thev EXIT nnst be subordinate and yei'
10 the Government
The Constitution confors on Congress the right q
reg f. e- tho =
the iTst necessity for tbe maintenance Of Tue mon
that tina; should b. free and unohsirHeicl
No he justified IN any device 20 tar the rarsl
of travel ard commerce between States. The posi.o
OF many States Is snch that II they were allow rd 4
take advantage az E for purposes Of lo revenue ih
commerce between States might w inJmmnsy bur
dencd or even virtually prohibited IL il hcst. Will
the county D. siil youug and while The tfnHrpry u
dangerous w0nopolcs % this Kind 8 stl isebe u az
the uower Of Congress to prevent any selfish I'M
pcdimoni Ia the free circulation Of men and Hcfchh
dice. tax travel and mere hnndlsc n their transit
constitutes Of the worst forms of monopoly and III
81 route. When tho vast extent ~ country 10 con
ridercd II s plain that every obstacle u the free crcu
lstion Of cOnmerc botaecn tho States o-ght Ia b
sernly guarded against by appropriate legislation
within the limits Of the Constitution.
Tie report Of tue Secretary OF The Interior explain
the condition Of the public lands tho tanH1ciions q
the Patent Office and The Pension Bureau. ~. manage
mcnt Of our Indian nar the progress made in the con
stTuctiOn OF the Pacific Railroad aud furnishes Ia
formation in reference % matters Of local interest
the District OF Columbia 1t also presents evidence o
the successful operation ~ the Homestead Act. undo
the provisions Of which l.loO5JJ acres of the pnbl
lands were entered during the Inst iscal ycarmOr
than fourth oi the whole number or acres sold
otherwise disposed Of during that period. IL is est
mated that the receipts derived from this source ar
sufficient 10 tine expenses incdenrsto the
and disposal Of the lands entered under this act
that pay mens In cash 10 the extent Of IRON 90 20 ~ pc
cent VIII be made by settlers. who NAV thus an
time acquire tide before the expiration Of the period
which II would Otherwise vest. The homestead policl
established only rfer long aud earnest resistance
experience proves lis wisdom. The lands. IN the hand
Of Industrious settlers whose labor creates wealth an'
contributes 10 Tie public resources are worth morc &
the United States than II they had been reserved as
solitude for future purchasers.
Tie lanentablc events Of the last four years and thu
sacrifices made by the gallant men Of our Army an'
Navy have swellcd the records of the PeAsOn Burea
10 unprecedented extent. On the Both day OF dun
last the total number of pensioners wa7 sj-t rcqur
ing for their annual pay exclusive OF expenses. the sun
Of s. O23lfJ. The number OF applications thai hav'
been allowed since that date VIII require large III
crease Of this amount for the next iscai year Tit
means for the payment Of the stpends due, under exist
ing laws TO our disabled soldiers and sailors and 70 III
families Of such have yeished IN the service Of TN
country. viii no doubt be cheeriully and promptly
granted grateful people will not hesitate 10 sane, or
any measures having for their object the relief o
soldiers mutilaed and families made atheress in th'
efforts to preserve our National existence.
The report Of the Postmaster General presents ar
encouraging exhibit OF The operations OF the PosOhct
Department during the year. The revenues Of the pat
year from the loyal States alone exceed the maximum
annual receipts from all The States previous 10 the 10
beon. In the sum Of s. oJs O9 and the annual aver
age increase Of revenue during the last four years com
pared with She Of the four years immediately
preceding the Rebellion. was a., SIlsi The revenues
OF the last fiscal year amounted 10 ga. SO i aud the
expenditures 20 sllo9i ~ leaving surplus Of receipts
over expenditures OF eco. 49, Progress has been
Is AIDE in restoring the postal service IN the Southern
States. The views presented by the Postmaster
General against the policy Of granting subsidies 10
mail hip lines upon established Routes and
in favor Of continuing the present system. which limits
the compensation Tor service to the postage
irgs recommended 10 the careful consideration of
Congress.
IL appears, from The report of the Secretary of tho
Navy that while 1T the commencement Of the pcsent
In, ~