New-York daily tribune., 1865-12-21

majority arc sustained by northern societies and northern
teachers. -. ,,,.
work A surprsng thirst for knowledge Is manifested by
the eolored people children give earnest attention anu
learn rapidly aud the adults, after the days work. oen
devote the evening TO study ,,, 1T,
bomes to some extent o,,ox.
SOUTH CAROLINA AND GEORGIA.
General Rufus SXtOn had, you are aware; Dceh uufng
most of tho war in charge of matters pertaining TO freed
men in South Carolina. The operations oi the war eiAbed
me Beaufort and ST. Helena Islands during he WIN
ter Of lse4-65, and pleased with the settlement
labor and thriving schools that found IN exs
tence under his direction and supervision several tou
sand negro refugees which have been before described as
following our armies, received by h!m Tor ule most
par, in state Of utter desttuton distributed upon dier
ont vacant lands and cared for till they became sesu-
tanning Judging by his past success OF the 1eneras Ut
ness or large work gave to his charge SCUM 'foh',
Georgia and FLORIDA Temporarily. Col. Osborne, the
Assistant Commissioner for the latter State, met with
serious accident while rots TO his post, whGn detained
him FOR couple Of months. Owing to sickness IeheIhi
Sax,ou delayed in extending his organization mto inc
interior few officers aud agents, however, pToCeedcu s
early a June to Augusta and farther wtstn Georgia Late
~ Georgia and South Carona have been completely organ
ted From South Carolina, reports from the interior o 'he
state are repete with instances OF violence ana crsty Wv"
the freedmen. Murders whipping tying JpDy the thups
ldcauIing OF wages, oyerwokng combining ior pufls
of extoron ETC. From my observation do not ner
that such crimes and cructes give true picture o the
state of society. Yet the criminal list altogether 700
great o pass unnoced Already the aqtagonism between
whites and blacks in the State marked and for the sake
" peace and good order would be unwise at esen to
withdraw the military force. Tie number Of dependent.
dragng ratons south Carolina and Georgia a. the end oi
september 1854 the number OF schools III, number
Of teachers Ia, Of scholars, :, 500
very largo number Of contracts were made for aNyen
by the military authorities aud none by the Bureau Tn Sc
nters VIII lived ON the line of General Shennans march
have been obliged 10 struggle against many dlcus IN
raising crop this year, having little material iet 70 "N
with Thus they unable To- make contracts as laVof-
able To the freedmen as they could otherwise have done
The Assistant Commissioner nds great dncuty 10 getLS
parties 10 enter into them for the next year lie tepH
affairs Darlington, Williamsburg and Marion distct III
better condition than elsewhere. The freedmen here are
self suppofng and there little or no conflict between
whites and blacks. pass and patrol system Is sin kep
up in larnwe district. The DEPARTMENT Commander had
his Iladgarters Hilton Head General saXffn Ms al
BEAUFORT and Tally At Charleston and the Provision
al n The northern part 81 the sc h'ho'
there ha. been much separate and some conflicting actoi
on the part Of these officers, aud many ni,ln'erstanigs
bel eve now that the Dcparmcnt Commander and ASSIST
an both at Cha est1n, ami cooperating
more compl & order and confidence viii be the result In
this State the feeling is general against tno pres nee oi
col)rcd roops II l. alleged that the elect y w uh'uro
labor throughout large district IN the vciuy o he grl-
son aud the fear - expressed by the white inhabitants,
that the troops will join the negroes IN case o Dsir'
rcctOn.
scc the arrival Il General Davis Tson in Georgia, in
the month of September there las been favorable change
He was Mledgcyle during the SESSION Il The cony,h-
ton and exclaimed in It. members the purposes o The Bu
roau and succeeded rrectng mony false impressions
The Department Commander h given mfill and hearty
cooperation and from lle reports, should Jn1ge thh' a
matters under charge uf the Bureau, Were dF"abc 10 FOi
order and stability, were Il not Tor toe extreme aesue'"h
Ia those localities impoverished by the war.
FLORIDA
Brcvc, Colonel W o'borne formerly Chief of Artillery
81 the Army the Trnessee having r-oNcl the aNol
mrnt 81 As.l.iln Commissioner or tins sate reached s
po-t 10 hlsce ia August Through the influence = the
department Commander, General Foster. be he's practically
deiar,,i from The methi usual prci"f by the Assist
ant Conn lie has ac.d 4 on the sln oI the
General the commanders Of s4bdEtrct- have been ex
oo-o s.p.rinendsn sns oC freedmen ana reported upon
f..f fta A.
hoV ves. making tbs duty su5ordrAs To Their military
rpris.
Tnc state has very quiet and orderly scarcely any
acts Il violence having b"eu refortd thfh am inche
to think The rcoineu see - chlnle @i - ten, ad ''
l- rclritol q The prvieg thit Dcong 20 if-elAeu
bare. than elsewhere m the south.
Toe Assistant Commissioner young m1n 81 high char
acler AID warmly oommefded by ihc apartment Tom
nlndcr and Proyisonal Governor. III. has nhofed wde
efr.i dilcqt.s having been obliged struggr on VIII
tcsrccy ans fud d With details altogether iusui' eel
10 make hi. department independent. lis circulars az
order. very o.snpists aud sstisiaetory.
ALABAMA.
Breve, Major General ag.r swaync, Assistant Conms
eoner for m stais ~ Aat ANA was asgned 10 cHy II
iha Bureau, by Special Orders No VI paragraph q cur
rent rr- AfGiant Generals Oirr, of date June %
proceeded At one ,o hs station, at honig0mc the stat
capal Pror n hs asignm NJ the Affairs q! the Bureau
had been admin stored 10 Alabama by TIE Ahhiht tom
missioner for louisiana.
t,cneral Swayuc officer of ability and worth. an'
during tho rebellion distinguished lns II by eslsntfy
tho ned. At the s,kehatcho IN the South Carolina cam
. lairn. hc severely wounGcd.
A. there wls te abandoncd or con6scatcd land
or other rebel property m tn stat" of Alabama and 10
ng but tax labor contracts from which the Bur az
coui irfvo revenue, General SWayue compelled q
lrcl, an,st entirely the military and state authorize
fOr occs Ia act agents ana Or such supplies a were
. required 10 his operation
lie Las been particularly fortunate in securing the
operation II the Provisional Governor of tho state, and
through him. of the judicial aud other state ofccrs o
Alabama An account Of judicial action has been already
gwen.
IA iuUucfg that body behalf OF the freed
mans interest
As the crops for the past year have been large owing
10 the drought and II the operation a the hostile armies
General Swayne apprchends that there will be considerable
suffering during the present winter but he IS maturing plans
10 tie necessity and hopes 10 be- able 10 succor the
destitute OF both classes. In such coun, most "a
his succ he pfosscs 70 organize farms or colo
Inies be the end scsuWOrting, hut IN which those
who nav have no means Of supiOrt may 1ud temporary
shelter and employment. Arrangements, recently made
with the Conms department remove the fear Of not
being able supl.y them with ratons During the month
September General Swayne issued rtions to 33i freed
men, and Ia gi refugees making total Of 55OS But IN
the month 81 October hc issued ratOns TO l5 freedmen
and 10 sI5 refugees, making total of 0G, being
reduction III the whole number q ersous receiving fatons
The schools are not in Ms Gourshng condition in this
State could BE- wished, owing 10 the teness o occupation
by forces but every effort ~ being made 10 extend
them and with good PROSPECTS, Of .ucce General SwIyne
reports schools operation the STATE. with II teach
and 497 scholars Mt Montgomery ard four tcache and
i2O scholars, at Mobile
LOUISIANA.
As soon Ms the City Of Ncw-Orcans had fallen into
hands the negroes from the upper counties Of Lon.
ana crowded 10 the city and lis enyirons In such mum
bers that II became necessary 10 organize system
Of government tor their control This matter was Mt
first left entirely in the hands OF the military author.
tiles and the Provost. Marsbals office the channel
through which they were Influenced and asssied but
the numbers increased and the sphere Of military
operations extended IN Louisiana. II became
sary 10 organize Department that should be- charged
expressly with the supervision OF negro affairs. and
Gen Eankn In Gcneral Ordcfs No. -. Hcnlnnnriers