The New York herald., 1865-02-19


everywhere bus whnse central home s always bombay
which has 1eranged even their eoui inlsIlectA
ss.s rs 1 ss | s.: s''S &. [ sssss y ~ a. ~ ssA: - .,
- as 6y n Lesdsa,. and col,paniss fernes =.
before pump has been erecasd at 400 per cent
upon the anoant subscribed. Prices have rsen ~. ON
era and ss BaSis Frere has Proposed % ada haa niL
lion yesr 70 salaries throughout Psdcncy only 70
nnd his suggestion rejected with some aspery By me
thy ny vcorUy ms de Of silver r0sing through Bonn
bay has finally poured itself the cotton land and the
peasantry lately pupers d, find themselves suddenly
for cotton and she ryo whom Engishmen persist tn re-
garns as such an unimprovable fool and IN teach ny 70
thousand yeas before The British sssd = b sseosd
savag . changes his cultivation 10 tweivemonth ana
PUSHES into cotton tili there u seuth Of cereals nm
pending over the land The diiculty Of raising the land
tax has ended The qutrent is nothing with cotton a.
htecn pence POUND and tho kasAatsa cs has rsen q
Al least he would have rsen for social evil which
b not understood In England but which permanently
ground even to such picture This Is the hereditary
dobtn the tremendous load Of accumulated indebted
ness which from generation 70 generation upon
Indian agrcultnrsts, which close observers have
calculated at we afraid state but which cer
sanly exceeds twice thrice the Indian national debt
This extraordinary burd which far more than any law
any creed tends stereotype agricultural society
in India has been contracted for generations and is still
Is in The daily affairs 81 life The most thrifty Of mankind
than the French peasant who goes bed rather
than En, candle more sstats than the scotch osssr
tho hard cash. His expenses income ivably small his
enjoyments furnished by the higher class no works
year. and he ought 70 be Of the best of among
He would b. but for two dominant and almost immova
MONIES after hts fathers funeral buys Masses fact
his son won't perform them after him; and then some
snS S yerv viii 20 Sm IN the
uext life These ceremonies performed by priests
The priests are hereditary caste with neommunicable
They banded together In defence Of their rghts"
esp caly Of late years they have put bo ns
limited for they had to take payment in kind, and bor
rowing crop is very cumbrous process; but since
the. the Eps@ Sssn abe sum.
which mortgage their victim for years Two
years. income s many places the least the dare
spend to his fathers safety The prejudice
Is the belief that every girl who reaches certain age
married goes inevitably 70 the bad that bridegroom
said brdegrooms family nothing must be wanting 10 the
splendor Of the wedding ceremonial The sums thus
er are S 81
for both outays the Indian Jacques Bonhomme applies
to the nearest local who s almost nvaa
bly, grain factor mortgages first his ornaments then
his crop finally his land getting the money at in
tcrest Of ian in the rupee mensem seventy
nvc Der cent per annum or he pays
nav either principal interest in full The money lender
is reasonable being, harder In heart than the worst bill
discounter who ever robbed government clerks 10 Lon
DON but placable in his ways, and he never II ho can
help IT, sells up debtor in his own village He only makes
him slave forcstas his crop at his price, takes
all his spare silver compels him TO buy at his shop
and in Short the writer heard one Of thorn say,
.s truly mercful for he leaves the villagers their
skins Byo and bye Jacques Bonhomme dies and his
son has to take up his debtthe land being security
and contract now one besides and 30 the ball rolls on
till seething Of hatred receives some accidental
spark the terrible cry, "Guere rci rises in some
village and debs money lender, moey lenders famly and
wnsv lenders seonA in half hour al destroyed TO-
och<y Our readers may remember such occurrence
on rather extensive scale One OF the mdest and hap
pest Of Indian tribes in 1855 suddenly It's forest
hatchets declared the ch and chopped up every
money dealer and SherTs officer It could hnd The
Sonthals affirmed from the first that their war was no
with the government but with the rich, and after the
rebellion had been put down by European soldiers w9s
proved on conclusive evidence that they had neraP
been compelled 70 make their choice between work WITH
out pay for generations or revolt
The government Of India is won aware Of the ex-
q ne bu the
Tor the capitalist has always except once, prevailed to
any interference One journal for many years re-
commended the total extinction Of oil process for the
recovery Of debt and the government was % moved by
tho horror OF the position revealed In the 6onthG terri
ausnce being the restoration Of the whole district
order and abundance Another proposal urgently press
ed the northwest has been 70 exempt land from lia
blity TO debt and destroy the money lenders uti
or strength but the attempt was considered
too dangerous 70 the revenue. The present idea 70
peasant shake OF the old debt and deter the
lender from contracnGa new one, but there are two dill
Is tho land 70 be surrendered with ali other property The
privilege would endanger the revenue the latter a
bty produce an agrarian insurrecon The hold Of the
seize that and the peasant would rather be slave than
let II CO. Once ousted he wanden out into the world,
without means, with no poorlaw with no roof Tor his
WIFE with NO resource earth the charity Of rela
tves who will divide with him their last meal but who
rs embarrassed as himself INSIDE the village he
degraded man. yeoman Of old blood who has dropped at
once into panper, position unendurable even here,
where caste has no religious sanction Outside the vii
naps with jins' and serpens certainly With foes re-
gon Of which the average peasant knows nothing except
utters il in his throat-have settled there AS
o rule, man In this position usually dies, and we
beve that three Of the deaths by the famines
which occasionally strike the Northwest are among
ousted men, II is better 70 be o serf, particularly
when you be struck, have wife and ch dren
away from YOU and 80 the peasant tolls on, hope
less OF escape save from revolution which there
will not be, in the Mahratta country, particularly .
e alive was TINS Sc sss q rss eay yas.
swept away all debts and commerce with them This 10
the hereditary debit Of which The Ta.e correspondent
speaks which will absorb this mighty rush o. silver
which makes contracts all but impossible, because the
advances arc wasted the money DEALER and which will
day. surely tho sun rises and sets, produce
social catastrophe India which all European prece-
dcntsand do not forget the cry Of eGucTe dS cha
tedari' or the sconcs which followed twill be rines
form We provide for the future-a sharp law Of
limitation applicable 70 mortgages would do thatbut for
the past English wealth could not pay the debt,
and sooner or later the must
the sponge, a they did in sonthalissAn
Italy.
| TURn, Feb. 8, 1895.
Tho King has left for Florence. General do ID Mar
mora accompanied him. He enthusiastically received
at Aesandria The Senate has adjourned die Turin
is excited but qutet Tho reported ministerial crisis
i over.
4 FLORENCE, Feb Sill 80 A. n
King Victor Emanuel arrived here At ten o'clock this
i evening The city u illuminated and decorated with
| flags. very large number Of persons thronged the