The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-08-06

on Of the city blacks are. learn, irrevereni
pears the African mind TO smbody most terrible
proach. The hard riding military, the loungng Corps
SAfque the occasional army trains numbering by the
morning and evening drums Of regiment quartered In
the city, and the mixture Of blue coats with citizens at
Indications Augusta gives OF the conflict now ended
| THE BUSINESS or rHI crrY.
Immediately the reopening Of communication with
Savannah divers enterprisng suffers assailed the city
with great OF crackers and cheese, candy pickles.
woned decacies resping rich booty Of silver from
those whose appetite for such things had been grevousy
% The S
little profusion and In the spending Of for nicknacks
ludicrous scenes might have been behold Here,
from tho shop with Of preserved fruit under one
and chunk OF cheese, vigorously munched, held
tight In the other There, some thin, small man. per.
hsps from some far or Connecticut valley would essay
TO nice fat mackere or some Goldfish balls; but ali 70
purpose the crowd invariably closing up before
ing sne,s money a. arms length and shouting
served FISH, dried ngs and French chocolate After the
FIRST harvest rsaped and goods began and
but still Internationally high-an evil which, ike
several others we labor under here directly raceabe
Boats are arriving now and departing almost every
day tho markets are rapidly .niiing up with goods
and advertisements in the papers, announcing 'ks OF
mackerel" "hoop skirts from Paris champagne and
and tho ike DO much % Srn; the a m as
aspect TO the city.
THE GEORGIA NEGRO
But enough has doubtless said of Augusta In one
point OF view, and as well remember in bygone days
how honorable members' could never make speech
Hawaiian relations or the internal economy of the
Sacs and Foxes without Juggling tho slavery question
by the ears perhaps that and reverend example
thing about the bigger During the war the writer had
many opportunities Of seeing the negro tested the
severes manner and the impression very strong Of his
md
war can furnish to an opposite Of action During
the combat there was not in the South much
tho surrenders which closed the the blacks
as usual, singing. to their work. On the deca-
ration to them OF their freedom their simple minds
naturally much excited and for time thoy seemed to
labor under an influence somewhat like that which
comes their natures amid the sound and fury
Of a big revival Such shoutings, such cappings Of
hands, such "bress de Lords such wild talk OF FREQ
DOM and such almost frenzied ideas of the perfect
happiness II would bring with II, It has
been my lot before to behold on the day when the
officers Of the I'm ted States formally declared that slavery
was at an end In from the country to hear the glad
tidngs the old and the young the able field hand
and supcrannuatnd old daddy from his chimney nook
freedmen roamed about open mouthed, gaping al the
flag and solders-black and whte-gossIppng at every
support life and coiling up at night In doorways and
darkened corners. Then the revulsion came and the
idea seemed TO penetrate the duest brain that
ters meal and bacon shelter and fire. had disappeared
with masters power, and that little work procure
bread and meat might not be inudicious proceeding
Now, oh HERALD, here commenced our troubles Just
here 1t that King Cotton received the heaviest dig
emancipation, had left the SOIL the labor to till 1t
disposition TO work. Bond free the negro 10 docle
re ana II ne mao been only let alone he
worked we'll. He willing TO work and the planters
were willing TO hire, and each could have made his
bargain just all other masters and servants do the world
But between the contracting parties there
power neither military civil power unknown
hitherto the State terribly potent for ev-the
Freedmens Bureau. Against that bureau say nothing
The policy Of the law under which IL Is organized may
be good or 1t may be bad the law itself may be hurtfll
advantageous the opinion that If strictly adhered
TO- II might do much good incline; but against the
huge system that sought 70 raise upon BY unlaw
fu protest In tho OF the best interests OF
this whole country, North and South. We cannot be
struck but you win feel the blow. We cannot be
impoverished without your boing the or for
indulgence Every mill owner in Lowell every broker
in Wall street. every grain factor in Chicago has direct
interest in tn. prosperity Of the Southern planter-the
more cotton he raises the better for them. But
diate further trite topic let me proceed to show
how the operation Of this rrcedens Bureau system =
section from which write. And to do 40 let me con-
sider nrt the Of dts organizations second the
tn; ts powers i claims to possess and have
right to exercise, at least so far this por-
ton Of the country is concerned. As soon a.
by the Emancipation proclamation Of President
Lincoln slavery declared q end thousands OF
fu tive negroes came trooping into the United States
military lines Largo numbers Of the class having
prior that time made their way thither found
that TINS @ Of g was NOV only
often very ser Gus impeachment 10 military operations
Common humanity, less than honor could not permit
poor creatures who had trusted themselves TO the
Union leaders, starve lack that raimept shelter
and medical attendance their situation required STILL
appropriation had been made for their benefit and the
best efforts humane societies in tho North in
adequate to prevent much lamentablc suffering In this
mony abandoned plantations within the federal lines the
negroes should be coonzed thereon and made TO support
themselves and deiray the necessary expenses OF their
tendance by corps OF specially appointed officials. 30
the idea good and eminently creditabe TO
the good and humanity of its originators.
Secondly being we'll received by all, II not long
before his taken up by Congress and embodied
| in an approved March 3, 1885. This act after
pressy recognizing the organization contemplated there
In as awsr moas ure by the provision declaring it only
OF the and year thereafter proceeded
to declare in effect that the management Of abandoned
lands in South and the supervision and of the
freedmen be entrusted 10 bureau TO be presided
by commissioner assisted by certain number Of sub
transcence declared TO DO part Of the War Depart
mcnt, and 10 II the Secretary Of War was authorized to
supplies for the benefit Of the destitute And suffer-
ing" The act furthermore declares in Its fourth Soc
tion that OF the lands coming under the management OF
the bureau that abandoned and coniscatcd estates
lots Of forty acres less be rented 10 refugees or
freedmen AZ Spccihed rates. with the privilege Of pur
chase with such title the United States could convey
Now from this resume II will need no lawyer TO draw the
conclusion the object OF the act 10 succor tho
destitute and mpotent make the ablc-bodled work for
their living and stimulate their industry by providing
ment might, By process OF law, acquire From the cir
liars also Of the commissioner Major General u u
|
session particularly numbers five and eleven have
fully read this appears be the view entertained by him
of the enactment under which he holds Office ana every
reasonable man, II would appear, would side with him
IN opinion SO much then, for the Circumstance lead
ING 90 the passage IT The law, the terms " the lass s
aud the construction put upon u by the commissioner
Now for the Construction OF the bureau officials w.
abouts and just here let the reader Prepare FOX
very startling dsclOsites II Il assu,ned, first, eon
property OF every whose 's,s,e, BY roaso, ~. W
cooling In value twl nty thousand Ioliars " 40
him from taking The amnesty oath, is :, @ 10 ~
cable property the direction. -y.. ., Con'
ana that Gu may IA ous.s' ,ro' ol sne oures.
I I;s n.D ~ ~ ospa or elected fror
Of Se lately ire Al ncnrocs @e use behoofs aud bensf
make tne bulk OF ropery ers 4 trus, fund in h
nsnS S no bureau ocas as trustees for the benef
| such "sgfocs ohd tbe tremendously fatal effects
no Il; y. ao, tovh prosperity evident 10 nee
n.n "ton !" .geop. But TO leave this topic for a mc
s az" proceed Il Is further claimed that no conraf
| al IN freedman and planter IL can be vail
! 49, approved by tho same officials It is ala
| ainled that the inrs1.rton Of the bureau over u