New-York daily tribune., 1865-10-02
ITALY AND SPAIN.

The reception Of the Marquis Tagh0carne'
Italian Minister to Spain, BY Queen Isabella Is
the final act in the recognition Of Italy by
Spain, and it is, therefore, an event of great in
terest and Importance in European politics.
The Kingdom of Italy, after having been in
existence for six years, has now been recognized
by almost every civilized country of the world
At the beginning of the present year only the
Pope, Austria, Spain, and d number OF tho
smaller states Of Germany, were still keeping
back. For Italy, there was no danger in this
interruption of diplomatic intercourse. If oil
the powers which still supported the claims OF
the fallen dynasties had united for restoration
of the former state of affairs, tho Italian nation,
aided by France, which in such case would
certainly not have abandoned her. would have
been amply able to defend her unity and indc-
pendcncc.
Nevertheless, the formal act Of recognition on
the part of Spain cannot be but most gratifying
to the Government and to the people of Italy.
II shows to them anew that the principle to
which they owe their existence is triumphantiy
overcoming all resistance. In vain had the
Government of Rome denounced the anncxa-
ton of part of the Papal domnions to Italy
as a violation of tho Church law, and excom-
municated all those who had taken an active
part in it.. The Catholic Governments, with
rare unanmity, refused to respect the ccclesas-
tical authority in matters purely political, and
Notwithstanding tho violent protests made in
many of these States by the Bishops, France,
Portugal, Belgium, Brazil. Mexico, and
all the States of Central and South
America paid no regard to the Popc's
Interpretation Of the Church law, and recognized
the new Kingdom and its communicated
Government. The hestancy Of Austria, il was
well known, did not spring from any Difference
to the Popc's opinion, but from reasons cxclu-
sivcly political. Spain was the only power
which expressly recognized the claims advanced
by the Government Of the Pope with regard to
his temporal rule. This only power has now
yielded to the ircpressiblc pressure which
public opinion was bringing TO bear upon it.
Such a victory must, Of course, fill the National
party of Italy with new confidence that
the last obstacle 10 the contamination Of their
national unon-thc Pope's rule over the city
Of Rome and few adjoining proyinces-will
80 be in the course Of time successfully
removed.
Both Italy and Spain still have, of course, a
party which believes ii religious duty To sus-
tain every Interpretation put 10y the Pope upon
Church law, and which, therefore, makes the
preservation Of tho Pope's temporal power, a.
long irs the present Church law is not altered.
Il part Of their political platform. In both coun-
! tries this party intends this year to try its
strength at the election. In Italy, whore all
political parties take an active interest in the
election, the election returns will give toler.
ably fair estimate of TIC strength OF Tie party
among the present number of voters. In Spain,
on the other hand where tho majority of the
Progressistas and of the Democrats persist in
counseling an abstention from voting, We shall
only learn the strength Of the Catholic party as
compared with those other parties that ac-
tualy vote. But in either case, the conflict be-
tween modern society and tho political claims
of Rome will be highly interesting.