The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1865-07-30
THE SLOW PROCESS OF RECONSTRUCTION.
Cotton Speculsticns in Florida at a
Stand Still.
The Travelling, Postal and TeHe-
graphic Facilities,
&c, No. 40
Our 5ao,..aayn,. Correspondence.


in operation THIS l'ite more singular from tho
fact that e has suffered less than any other State from
0rerrunBing armies. Unlike other sections where com
ines had been broken up the iohab tsnts scattered
about the country 1cd from their homes the surrender
o. johnson ound thss STATE with the people generally at
their homes the negroes M work outhe plantat,ons and
all the civil officers performing their dntes much The
same A. before the 1t would therefore that
there but ltts effort needed TO complete the
eanaation of civil government in the State.
sPtoULAT5as AND COTTON.
The prospects OF reang golden harvest by sper,i-
biting in cotton amt turpentine that has been supposed 10
be secrcted in various parts Of the State induced nurner
Gus specustos to undergo the of travel
ing about the country. In some sections they CON
trived to dupo the people into parting with their
cotton at runous sacrifice. In other Sec
tons they found the pcoplo rather too
we'll posted TO be gued by bpgbear stories Careful OBJ
sorvation and inquiry who travelling through the State
shows very clearly the amount Of cotton hand to
DO much less than many have supposed Tho same is
undoubtedly true all over the South Much Of tho cot
ton ON hand on investigation found 10 be ungnnsd,
and large portion OF that which gnncd is loose in the
gnhOuses, the being unable 10 procure brgglng
The planters generally disposed 70 hold On They
have provisions enough fo time. Tney arc not
actually eaienng sss want Of anything. and they
az that they can better Afford To Wit al tho
.;es for getting the cottoq To mark>s improve and
- o. "a H. therasoves, than 10 sell at a sacrifice to
.nscr,.o, They seem to have little fear that the price
,.;, ro no Tho rcpoal o, tn" twenty five per cent
tax haa drawn I,,' out The prIcd ha. been twenty
cents for short starIe I'd nifty for long Staple
Another argument with the o. snters Is that II they sell
their cotton to spectators they discourage others from
coming here, who will remain permanently III Tho State
nd invest their capital here which is far better for liz
welfare They reason that, IL they sell TO a specuIa-
tor ana receive the money. II only relieves ono
need, or rather does not relieve the need ut
all. Tho money IL Of no use To them unless
they procure articles they need with it,
these articles equally as money in tho
country II IL better for the country therefore for them
TO Offer inducements TO capitalists TO bring merchandise to
exchange part payment for cotton ana TO establish stores
BY this means they not only sc to be brought into the
country articles needed which they can by this means
procure at much cheaper rates than they took the
other course and thus would be compelled To send both
distance 10 procure them, but II creates business
in the country and money aloat The transporta-
ton the railroad the arrival and discharging OF
goods at the whsrves, their ranshYssn all combined
accomplish this end These ideas advanced In their
own peculiar way by people Who f they have not been
directly opposed to slavery have always acknowledged
Its bancful effects the South, and have ever enter
tanned feeling OF hostility the slaveholdng aris-
tocracy
MILITARY AyrAIRs
have ceased to play the important part they did Few
weeks ago II that not the their present
dton would doubtless cause much confusion IL is
matter Of great uncertainty which department Florida is
in Orders published unoficnily in the New
York papers place y in tho Department, 10. Of
orders from General Caiby TO command OF the
district of Florida before any ocia order from the War
Dersrmsn psS,ng u IN inc psrarmm. OF the Ga OF
tho Department Of tho South, made decided muddIe
The position Of General vogdes, who has been since
ment Of the South, is certainly embarrassing one
especially several mails have arrived without bringing
would very naturally consider his Jurisdiction still
tending over Florida.
rHx TRAVELLING yAcrII.rEs
The arrangements for coming into and travelling about
the state worry bad. Passengers from the North
TO this point from Port Royal The only means of
reaching here by government Transports which usually
have no accommodation whatever. Passengers after
paying n high price for frat Cars transportation, arc
compelled to lie deck in places that sesraec pasen.
ger would avoid in former days. and pay at the rate OF
dollar per meal for subsistence Inferior TO that which
liz given 10 the The raroade In Florida are well
constructed, but sadly out OF order The scarcity OF
labor has been the of this The companies com
plain that they have been unable 10 procure hands
enough 10 keep the roadb'ds level or replace
decayed ties. The engines and rolling stock are
nearly out The compelled TO move very
slowly. II takes two days 20 make the journey from
here Tallahassee, less than two hundred miles, the
condition Of the road rendering travel by night
unsafe and will not allow OF speed that accom-
psh without travelling by night. Thus, Of course, to
person accustomed 10 travelling the lightning ex
press trains the Northern railroads very tedious.
The military authorities seized the railroads some weeks
that had been up when order to stop
operations and turn the roads over to the companies
The ocers ~ the railroads then consulted and rc
ported thoy had means 10 the expenses or closing
the gap. Tho authorities thon continued the work OF
resying the track Yesterday the nrst through train
arrived NJ Jacksonville The companies must accuInni-
late considerable surplus earning before their roads will
DO in good order again.
nas POSTAL ARRASeKmKus
are even worse than the travelling arrangements. A.
soon tho rebel forces fairly dsbsndcd post ONCE
agent ssnt TO all points In the state TO seize oil the
mail bags stamps and other post Office property. This
left the entire STATE without mail communication As
matter Of course this caused great deal Of incon-
venence TO the people, They are shut Of from hearing
the In some parts almost ~ much ~ during the
war special sgrnt arrived some four weeks ago 70
establish post Offices and mail routes, but no steps
pear have been taken yet To accomplish that end
RE rKLEGRAPR LINES
arc working, but are constantly being dssrrsngsd
that the connections are hardly ever perfect
SOME STRANGE PR0CBEDrNcs
Some transactions by The officers Of tho United States
District Court have occurred stey which look 70 say
for tho p.s. war BEEN very sssoas In carrying out the
Connscstion BILL much 70 that they have q times
ssixed the property Of citizens not only Of unqueston
states yovsrnms me loyal viosdsn was found who
acted "A inormer which he received one half the net
The two functionsries aforementioned Together, they
vera carrying thriving business Tho termination OF
the and the amnesty proclamation wore rather cacu
lated 10 decrease profits OF this patriotic busness
Perfectly regardless Of the procamstons they continue
70 seize and advertise property 70 be sold, In
S Ssds. ', why s.S ss s 'p;%
amnesty The coolest TRANSACTIONS for this warm latitude
occurred short time little steamer, named the
tsver Spring. arrived from up tho river whore abe
had been placed TO BE- kept Of rebel clutches scarcely
had she touched the wharf before the Uned States Mar
shsl seized her without any legal proceeding and took
steps ~ her ~ bis personal yacht She proved
rather too slow for that purpose 70 that project was
Abandoned and the boat tied 70 the wharf, where she ro-
msins The rates which the court allows Tor III ad-
vertsne are iow thai newspaper can aford TO pub
lish them Accordingly the marshal seized the Ftovidscw
and Jouyyai newspaper, published at Tallahassee TO-
gethcr with the press type &c. ana aer ejecting the
Ubtfu owners placed one OF their tools In the editorial
chair and carry on the publication by authority" Such
illegal proceedings although they really amount 70 moth
ing make the people very dstrusful and IN thas way
do much harm.
PoIiticsl Intelligsnoe.
rx~yxruy Election II 70 be held August 8 The Con