Rutland weekly herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1859-1877, 1865-04-27

the whole horizon ana heUhlsPuolo w.
wonder Foreign observers sIoou a'n"tI"
W his fanatical fury that seemed WIN
ont Divine guidance but inspire" "n",
W. with internal frenzy. inc eNplosS Ioi
yyas Sudden, but the train hau iouS , 'to
Iaid We must consider the cohulJ'u
of southern society If we Wou'a "''',S'
stand the mystery of this lh'Pul'S,, i,,,,
ciety in the South resolves I.So, 5,' .,,'
three divisions, more Sn"' P'1 .I
SII,isbod tbon i'm other parts OF the ma
81, A. the base is the iaboring class,
Val M of slaves; next the middle class |
,nade mn of traders small farmers and |
moor men. The lower edge Of this class |
touched the slave, ami the upper edge !
reached up to the third and ruling class, |
This class were II small minority in |
numbers, hut in practced ability they |
had centered in their hands the whole !
government of the South and had |
mainly governed the country. Upon |
this polished, cultured exceedingly ca
pable and wholly unprincipled class
rests the whole burden of this war,
Forced up by slavery the ruling class
in the dislOval States arrOgated 20 them
selves superiority not compatible with
Republican equality nor with Just NOR
ais. They claimed right OF Pre-e'nl-
nencg An evil prophet arose VINO
trained these wild and luXurant shoots
OF ambition to the Shumciy form OF a
political philosophy by its rules they
nrecipitated drudgery to the bottom Of
society and lett at the top what they
Thought to be clarified fluid. In their
nOlitical economy labor was to bc owed
by capital In their theory Of govern
ment few were to rule the many. lhey
boldly ayowcd, not the fact alone, that
under all forms of government the few
rule many hut their right and duty to
do So Set free from the necessity OF
labor they conceived Il contempt Tor
those who felt its wholesome regime
Believing themselves toreordained to
supremacy. they regarded the popular
vote. when it failed to register their
wishes, as sort of intrusion and NUS
ance. They were born in 4 garden; and
popular liberty. Ike freshets oyerswel-
ling their banks, covered their dainty
walks and flowers with slime and
mud of democratic votes. lAppIauSe)
When with shrewd observation they
saw the growth Of the popular element
in the Northern States they instructive
" took in the inevitable events 1t
must be controlled or cut off from a ma
ton governed by gentlemen Con
trolled less and less could it be in every
decade, and they prepared therefor Sc
cretv, earnestly, and with wide confer
ence and mutual cOnnivanCe. We are
tOs distinguish between the pretenCes
and means and causes Of this war to in
flame and unite the great middle class
in the South who had no interest in sep
aratiOn. and no business with war
They alleged grievances that never eX-
listed and employed arguments which
they. better than all other men, knew
to be spurious and false. Slavery itself
was cared for only rs an instrument Of
power or of excitement. They had un-
alterably fixed their eye upon empire
and all was good which would secure
that, and bad which hindered 1t. Thus
the ruling clSes Of the SOuth-au arts
toCracy as intense. proud and intleNiblC
as ever existcd-nOt limited either by
customs or institutions-nOt recognized
and adjusted in the regular order Of so
Cietv-paying reciprocal part in it
machinery but secretly diSOwning 1T
own existenCe-baptized with the Osten
tatiOus name Of democracy -OhSequi
Gus to the people for the sake Of govern
ing them-this namelesS, lurking arlS
toCraCy that ran in the blood of soCiet.
like A rash not come to the skin-th
political tape worm that produced moth
ing. but Law coiled in the body feeding
on its nutriment, and holding the Who'll
structure but a servant to nOurish it
this aristocraCv of the plantation, wit
firm and deliberate resolve, brought o
the war that they might cut the Ian
in two, and clearing themselves iroT
inCOrrigible free society, set up sterf
er. statelier empire, where slaves Worke
that gentlemen might live at ease. No
can there be any doubt that though 8
first they meant to erect the form of RI
publican Governments this was but
device: a step necessary to the seCnrln
of that power by which they should
able to change the whole economy
society. That they never dreamed
such a war we may believe. That The
would have accepted it, though twice ;
bloody, if only thus they could ruI
none can doubt that knows the temp
of those worst men of modern sOCiet
(Applause.)
But thew miscalculated. They n
derstood the people Of the South, D
they were totally incapable OF undo
standing the character OF the gre
working classes of the loyal STATE
That industry which IS the louhuall'
of independence and SO of equity, tn
stigmatized as stupid drudgery, or
mean avarice That general intel
gence and independence of thought tn
schools for common people and newsl
pers breed they reCOiled from as the
Citement of unsettled zeal, running ca
" into fanaticism. They more tn
oughly misunderstood the sentiment
LOYALTY, the deep love of country viii
pervaded the common people. If thu
who knew them best had never suspe
ed the depth and power of that love
country which threw it into an agony
grief when the flag was here hqmol
how could they conceive of it who W
wholly disjoined from them in sym
thy. The whole land rose up, you
member, when the flag came down, a
inspired unconsciously by the breath