Daily State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis, Ind.) 1861-1865, 1865-07-01

Justification.
CONDITION OF raK rKorLr.
such touch Of var has been felt nowhere,
not even Ia the valley Of Virginia. Along The
main roads for hundred miles around Columbia.
the country has been stripped OF ia necessities
Horses, mules, provisions. and even the chickens
gone. The railroads torn up. IL is no figure OF
speech TO say these people are starving. The
little harvest Of wheat Ia now being reaped, but
they have no mills TO grind IL. there are few
garden osculents. and the corn will soon be cara
Die. but they have suffered from pangs Of hunger.
They are destitute Of almost everything. aud
are all poor alike The wealth Of the CArolinas
consisted of land, negroes. aud mules; Of the lat
ter they have been deprived by either army, and.
OF the two former the more they have the
worse they are of. Hundreds OF them are living
with their less miserable neighbors or friends, |
unable to get anywhere. unable to work literally
begging, among beggars In dress all pretension
is losi. The men wear the homespun. and the
women. even the most stylish, are content with
old fashions. The trinkets and gewgaws which
we're once so priced are now abandoned Men
and women suft9 in the matter Of no shoes. An
elegant lady one Cannot but observe. now carries
the gap In her shoes and stockings which once
would have shamed her servants.
COLUMBIA sEFoRE THE WAR.
Oolumbia was the proud Capital of a proud
State South Carolina had set more store by
her peculiar Institutions than any Southern State
She was-he leader in all the schemes Of South
ern ACKNOWLEDGMENT, even to the mad scheme of
secession. She esteemed it her pride to be the
6rst to throw of the Federal bond-and tainted
her sisters of the same complexion for their tar
diness. OF this people so distinguished, Colum q
bs was the highest and most perfect type She
was styled the Athens of the South, and aspred
TO be in the Southern Empire what Boston claims
to be of the North, the seat of laws, Learning
and science, while Charleston was to be the com
mercial rival of New York. Here was also the
fashion, the wealth, the aristocracy, the gayety,
and the SPORT of the State. Here was the famous
University of South Carolina, one of the Oldest
aud largest in the country, aud capable OF &C
commodating four hundred students. Here, also,
were the famous academies, seminaries and law
schools of the extreme South. Here the sec
tional distinction found its way into the depart
ments of Law. theology, science and government.
The very textbooks of philosophy and ethics, in
use for centuries in Old and New England, were
emasculated or supplanted by those conformable
TO the peculiar interests Of the State. Here were
collected the ablest professors in divinity logic
and oratory, which the South afforded. Here
DIR. Thornwell produced his great argument in
defense of Slavery. Here was published the only
periodical worth notice, beside DeBow's monthly,
the Southern Quarterly. The doctrines of Cal
noun were IauRut anu DcneFeu as part OF tue
fundamental creed of the Government
Columbia is most eligibly situated. and in its
DAYS OF peace must have been exceedingly beau
tiful to the eye. Built upon an elevated plateau,
from which can be seen the western hills and the
far-reachng pine plains on the east, with the
Congaree skirting the base Of its bluff ascent,
and dense, dark, gloomy foliage on all sides,
it is at once healthful, picturesque and genial.
! Standing on the edge of the low up-countries, as
he's all oil - IN l0 IF fha Sfafa
and its wealth Nature furnished the ground
work in rare excellence, including ecu good
/ spring water, and the skill of man has built up
the improvements with general good taste. Be
F.! fore the war il had about twenty five thousand
| Inhabitants, but at the time of its destruction,
twice that number Its streets were wide and
abounded In handsome buildings and superb
shade trees.
APPEARANCE or THE CITY.
The most conspicuous structure in the place
is the unfinished State Capitol. built of a light
BLUSH grey granite. Its derricks are standing,
and its pillars untouched. Many of the fine
marble carvings in the yard are ruined by burn
! ing the sheds over them. On the eastern side oil
the building is monument in iron, being an
exact representation of a palmetto tree in form
and color, erected to commemorate the regiment
OF that name, engaged in the Mexican war
There is fine large chapel built for the college.
but to day used by the negroes of the place for
preparatory meeting TO commemorate the COM
ing Fourth of July. The college itself consists
| of a venerable pile of buildings occupying three
sides of square. The interior is trayersed by
quaint walks. arbors, and benches. in true Ok
ford style. The buildings, except those occu-
pied by the Faculty and President, are at present
occupied by many families who were burned out.
Col Haughton, commanding the forces, occu-
pies. very bare and cherries portion OF one OF
the wings There is also, as in most University
towns, public parks with shady walks and muir
muring fountains, fit for sentimental couples and
moonlit souls.
I Many of the finest church - burned down,
as are also the banks aud Court Houses There
were several manufactures, many ofthem erected
since the There was a large arsenal with
two magazines, all blown up by the rebels. The
| Carolina Railroad had several large shops. and,
indeed, the best car and locomotive works in the
South. All that was not run of, was Of course
burned. At the Fair Grounds was distilery
for producing brandy for army purposes The
| Confederacy had large store houses OF one sort
ard another. The medical stores were ru n o II
to Newberry, and there divided since among tn g
country doctors. The provisions which were
taken to York, Greenville. and Spsrtanburg, and
Anderson, were mostly raided on by guerrillas,
and thus stolen.
THE sorrH CARoLlNiASs AT HoNE.
The style of architecture of Southern houses
| Is peculiar, and somewhat resembles the Spanish
All the houses have half story basement, a
large aud miscellaneous provision OF galleries
piazza, balcony, terrace, conservatory, " stoop -
aud ttellis There IA an abundance OF the most
enchanting shade trees. large. spreading, glossy
aud evefgreens. few garden flowers or cteepets,
aud strange spring bench, set on rockers. which
seems TO be q soft OF trysting seat aud rocking
chair combined The furniture though now
faded aud worn, Was once rich, The shfubbsfy
aud shade trees surrounding must Of the houses
ate altogether lovely on account of their lusufi
ance aud symmetry Some OF them have been
eat into fantastic shapes Indeed The woods
and gfeyea 10 The higher lands Of The State ate
admirable, The pine, the oak the myrtle. the
I've oak aud the magnolia stand side by side,
The people Of Columbia and ~ South Carolina
| towns have certainly fallen Too much under the
| general esnsufe ~ ths Southern audiences aud
ignorance Their houses are generally ff
nishei with the elegance aud nsalnssa ~ a
Northern home, Their mennsfa SIC, alter the
fashion ~ the latitude, refined aud courteous
ihelr speech IL much pufsf than that ~ the
Hauthefaefs generally fhelf uuefAnoe IL tls
unel and eleAf vllh tho constant exception Of
the letter =, which, like The neEFoss, lhsy all
drop. There IL certainly more general af Of
Intelligence prevailing than one ID lai 70 e,peet
All lhls eslsa hy lhe eide of the mos, inlolefa
bio ignorance among same ~ The poorer people
! Ia the county, teflalA curious IDEAS prevail